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942.2501 
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1295847 


OENEAUOGY  COLLECTION 


ALLEN  COUNTY  PUBLIC  UBRARY 


3  1833  00724  4434 


^usescx  ^vdjaeolocjtcal  <^octetfi. 


SUSSEX 


arrljafologiral  ColUrtionfi, 


KELATINU   TO   THE 


HISTORY  AND  ANTIQUITIES  OF  THE  COUNTY. 


PUBLISHED    BY 


5rijc  ^uggex  ^Srdjaeological  Society* 


VOL.  XXX. 


SUSSEX : 

ALEX.     RIYINGTON, 

HIGH     STREET,     LEWES. 
MDCCCLXXX. 


CORRESPONDING    SOCIETIES,  &o. 


'I'lip  Society  of  Antiquaries  of  London. 
'J'lie  Royal  and  Arcli»ologioal  Association  of  Ireland. 
The  British  Archteological  Association. 
The  Cambrian  Archreological  Association. 

The  Royal  Archaeological  Institnteof  Great  Britain  and  Ireland. 
La  Societe  des  Antiquaires  de  Normandie. 
The  Norfolk  and  Norwich  Archaeological  Society. 
The  Essex  Archaeological  Society. 
The  London  and  Middlesex  Archaeological  Society. 
The  Somersetshire  Archaeological  Society. 
The  Historic  Society  of  Lancashire  and  Cheshire. 
The    tJtiited    Architectnral     Societies    of    Yorkshire,    Lincolnshire, 
Northampton,  Bedfordshire,  Worcestersliiru,  and  Leicestershire. 
The  Kent  Archaeological  Society. 
The  Surrey  Archaeological  Society. 
The  Society  of  Antiquaries  of  Scotland. 
The  Yoi'kshire  Archaeological  and  Topographical  Society. 
The  Powys-land  Club. 
The  Cambridge  Antiquarian  Society. 


The  State  Paper  Office. 
The  Collogo  of  Arms. 


TABLE    OF    CONTENTS. 


1295847 


Corresponding  Societies 
List  of  Illnntrations  . 
Eeport 

Siatenieut  of  Accounts 
List  of  Members 
Rules     . 

"^i.  The  Ancient  British  Coins  of  Sussex.     By  Erxest  H.  Willett,   Esq. 
(Continued  from  Vol.  xxix.)    ....•• 

2.  The  Arundel  Chancel  Case.     By  the  Editor.         .  .  .  . 

3*.  St.  Mary's  Church,  Barcombe,     By  Miss  Florence  Harriet  Dodson, 

4.  The  Eoman  Mosaic  Pavements  at  Bignor.     By  Rev.  Thomas  Debary. 

5.  Some  Remarks  on   "The   Castles,    Mansions,    and    Manors   of    West 
Sussex."     By  Rev.  W.  R.  W.  Stephens 

The  General  Character  of  Sussex  Churches.     By  the  Yenerable  Arch- 

DEACON  OF  Le«ES.  . 

Proceedings   of   the    Committee  of    Plundered  Ministers    Relating  to 

Sussex.  By  Frederick  Ernest  Sawyer,  Esq 
Early  English  Armory.  Ry  W.  Smith  Ellis,  Esq. 
Spershott's  Memoirs  of    Chichester  (18th  Century.)     By  W.  Haines, 

Esq.,  and  Rev.  F.  H.  Arnold.     (Continued  from  Vol.  xxix.) 
A  Return  of  the  Members  of  Parliament  for  the  County  and  Boroughs 

of  Sussex.     By  Alan  H.  Stenning,  Esq.       .  .  •  • 

11.  Extract  from  the  Parliamentary  Return  of  the  Members  of  Parliament, 

1290-1702.     By  Lieut  -Col.  Sir  Walter  B.  Bakttelot,  Bart.,  M.P.    . 

12.  Index  of  Illustrations,  S.  A.  C,  Vols.i.-xxx.     By  J.  Horace  Round,  Esq. 

13.  List  of  Books  added  to  the  Library  of  the  Sussex  Arch^ological  Society, 

from    January    1,    1877,    to    December    31.    1879.      By   Robert 
Crosskey,  Esq.  .•••'' 


6 


9. 


10 


1 
31 
52 
63 

90 

98 

112 
137 

147 

161 

190 
198 

230 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


1.  The  Lavingtons.     By  Rev.  T.  Debary.       .  ^  • 

•2.  William    Penn-The    Irelands    of    Highfure  -  Hearth   Tax. 
Walter  B.  Baritelot,  Bart ,  M.P. 

3  The  Will  of  John  Hardham      By  Rev.  P.  H.  Arnold. 

4  A  "Shoreham  Scare."     By  H.  Campkin,  Esq.       . 

5  New  Shoreham  Church.     By  H.   Campkin,  Esq. 

6  The  Marchant    Pedigree.     By  H.  Campkin,  Esq. 
7.  An  Extinct  Inn  at  Lewes.     By  F.  E.  Sawyer    Esq. 
8    The  Aliens  of  Lindfield      By  Lieut.  Attree,  R.E. 


By    Sir 


235 

236 
239 
2-13 
245 

lb. 

lb. 
247 


LIST  OF  ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Ancient  British  Coins  in  Sussex.     Plate  iv. 
„  „  ,.  Plate  V. 

„  i>  »  Plate  vi. 

Arundel  Parish  Church  .... 

The  Fitzalan  and  part  of  the  Lady  Chapel,  Arundel  . 
Interior  of  Barcombe  Church  .... 
Bignor  Pavements — 

The  First  Excavations 

Plan  of  the  Villa  .... 

The  Venus  Room  .... 

Arms  of  Pepplesham— Radmeld — Ansty — Shovelstrode — Wilye 

„     of  de  Hastings       .  .  .  .  • 

Seal  of  Scotney  .  .  .  .  • 

Seal  of  de  Echyngham  .... 

The  Friary,  Chichester  .... 

Old  Cottage,  West  Tarring         .... 


PAGE 

faces 

12 

lb. 

17 

lb. 

23 

lb. 

31 

lb. 

37 

lb. 

54 

63 

faces 

75 

lb. 

80 

lb. 

137 

141 

144 

145 

147 

198 

I 


b 


EEPORT. 


There  is  ilttle  worth  recording  in  the  Society's  proceeclinj^s  for  the  past  year 
except  the  General  Meeting  in  August,  at  Brighton,  and  the  success  which 
attended  it. 

The  Mayor  and  Corporation  gave  the  Society  a  cordial  welcome,  and  liberally 
cranted  them  the  use  of  the  Pavilion,  where  the  members  and  visitors  met, 
and,  having  first  carefully  studied  the  contents  of  the  loan  collection  and 
temporary  museum,  well  stocked  with  a  variety  of  interesting  antiquities,  and 
containing  contributions  from  the  collections  of  Messrs.  C.  Warne,  H.  Willett,  T. 
Honywood,  and  H.  Griffith,  they  then  proceeded  on  an  excursion  to  Rottingdean 
and  Ovingdean  to  visit  the  churches  there,  under  the  guidance  of  Mr.  Gordon  Hills, 
who  most  kindly  met  the  party  for  the  sake  of  pointing  out  the  chief  architectural 
features  of  the  ancient  fabrics  in  a  highly  interesting  lecture.  At  Ovingdean  the 
Eector,  the  S,ev.  A.  Stead,  also  made  som.e  observations  on  the  chm-ch,  and  Mr. 
Gordon  Hills,  who  had  been  employed  as  architect  in  the  work  of  restoration 
carried  out  a  few  years  ago,  expressed  his  opinion  that  the  church  was  of  an 
earlier  date  than  the  Conquest,  and  if  this  be  so,  the  existing  fabric  may  well  be 
the  "  ecclesiola  "  of  Domesday  Book,  and  have  been  built  by  King  Edward  the 
Confessor,  or  some  of  the  family  of  Earl  Godwin,  who  are  recorded  as  the  owners 
before  the  Conquest,  and  the  predecessors  of  Godefridus  the  D.  B.  tenant. 

The  party,  on  their  return  to  Brighton,  visited  the  old  Church  of  St.  Nicholas, 
and  were  met  there  by  the  Eev.  Julius  Hannah,  M.A.,  and  Mr.  Somers  Clarke, 
jun.,  who  made  some  interesting  remarks  on  the  history  and  character  of  the 
building.  The  uncommon  subject  of  the  carving  in  relief  on  the  font  remained 
unexplained,  and  is  still  a  problem  in  Christian  Iconography  requiring  a  solution. 

Thus  the  component  parts  of  the  ancient  hundred  of  Welesmere  formed  the 
Bcene  of  the  day's  ramble,  and  it  is  remarkable  that  the  names  of  all  the 
ancient  manors  remain  as  place  names  at  the  present  day,  while  the  mention 
of  them  in  the  Survey  has  an  additional  interest  from  some  peculiar  incidents 
of  tenure  by  which  they  were  distinguished  as  well  as  from  the  historical 
associations  belonging  to  their  recorded  owners  of  old. 

The  Venble.  Archdeacon  Hannah,  Vicar  of  Brighton,  kindly  presided  at  the 
dinner,  and  in  the  course  of  the  evening  read  a  paper  on  the  Churches  of  East 
Sussex,  embodying  the  results  of  his  official  and  personal  observation,  which 
will  be  found  in  the  present  Volume. 

The  day's  proceedings  were  brought  to  an  end  by  a  soi?-ee  in  honour  of  the 
Society's  visit,  given  by  the  local  committee,  when  the  whole  of  the  Pavilion 
was  thrown  open  and  lighted  up  for  the  reception  of  more  than  five  hundred 
guests,  A  long  day  was  thus  agreeably  and  profitably  spent  by  a  large  number 
of  members  and  their  friends,  who  were  gratified  by  the  sustained  interest 
which  was  kept  up  through  the  day,  and  the    admii-able    an-augements    of   the 


yiii  REPORT. 

local  connnittee  and  the  Hon.  Sec,  Mr.  11.  Griffith.  To  the  Mayor  and 
Corporation  of  Brighton,  the  Venble.  the  Archdeacon  of  Lewes,  the  Rev.  Julius 
Hannah,  the  Rev.  Arthur  Thomas,  the  Rev.  Alfred  Stead,  Messrs.  Warne, 
Willett,  Honywood,  and  the  local  committee  and  their  Hon.  Sec,  Mr.  H.  Griffith, 
the  best  thanks  of  the  Society  are  due  for  contributing  in  different  ways  to  the 
day's  success. 


The  Committee  have  to  discharge  a  melancholy  duty  in  expressing  their 
sorrow  for  the  death  of  a  valued  colleague,  Joseph  Cooper,  F.S.A.,  in  the  prime 
of  life.  He  bestowed  much  care  and  attention  on  the  museum  and  library, 
of  which  he  had  charge,  and  his  antiquarian  knowledge  and  research  were 
conspicuous  in  the  excellent  paper  on  Swanborough  and  Kingston  which  he 
compiled  for  the  last  Volume.  The  Committee  have  much  pleasure  in  stating 
that  Robert  Crosskey,  Esq.,  has  kindly  undertaken  the  office  of  Hon.  Curator 
and  Librarian  in  the  place  of  Mr.  Cooper. 

The  Committee  take  this  opportunity  of  acknowledging,  with  their  beet  thanks, 
the  engraving  of  Barcombe  Church,  in  the  present  Volume,  presented  by  Miss' 
Ethel  Dodson,  from  a  drawing  by  herself.  They  beg  also  to  express  their  feeling 
of  indebtedness  to  the  Editor  of  the  "Building  News,"  for  his  kindness  in  placing 
at  their  disposal  his  photo-lithographs,  from  which  the  beautiful  illustrations  of 
the  Parish  Church  and  Fitzalan  Chapel  at  Arundel,  also  in  this  Volume,  have 
been  obtained. 

The  Committee  are  sorry  to  say  the  state  of  the  Society's  funds  forbids  the 
continuance  of  the  practice  of  issuing  a  Volume  of  Collections  every  year.  The 
outlay  on  the  Volume  is  so  large  in  proportion  to  the  yearly  income,  that  very 
little  is  left  to  expend  on  other  objects  of  equal  importance,  and  they  suffer 
accordingly. 

Lewes,  Jan.  1,  1880. 


ACCOUNT  OF  RECEIPTS  AND  PAYMENTS 
FOR  1879. 


EECEIPTS. 

£    3.  d. 
Balance  at  Treasurer's,  Jan.  1, 

1879 61  19  5 

Annual  Subscriptions      192     0  0 

Ditto,  Arrears    40    0  0 

Ditto,  paid  in  Advance    2    0  0 

Overpayments    0  18  9 

Nine  Life  Compositions 45    0  0 

Garden  Rent  3  10  0 

Dividend  on  Consols  11    0  2 

ISale  of  Books 9    6  6 

Visitors  to  Castle 98  10  3 


£464     5    1 


PAYMENTS. 

£   s.    d. 
Mr.  H.  Campkin — Index  Vol. 

27 4    4    0 

Ditto,  Sundry  Expenses 2    3    0 

Mr.  Rivington — Vol.  xxlx 144  12     5 

Illustrations,  do.  73  12    6 

Index,  do 4    0    0 

Clerk's  Salary    20    0    0 

Editor— On  Account  Vol.  xxx.     25    0    0 
Expenses  of  Annual  Meeting         7     2    0 

Printing,  Stationery,  &c 3  19    0 

Editor's  Expenses 17    6 

Clerk's  Expenses,  Stamps,  &c.       5     9  10 

Sundries 2    3    8 

Books  for  Library  and  Binding    11    9  10 
Castle  Account — 

Rent 31     6    8 

Warder 26    0    0 

Ditto    Commis- 
sion, 1878 4  19    6 

Taxes  and  Sun- 
dries      11    8    1 

Wood    2  10    0 


Balance  at  Treasurer's, 
Dec.  31,  1879 


76    4    3 
82  17    1 
^464    5     1 


ASSETS  AND  LIABILITIES,  JAN.  1,  1 


ASSETS. 

£    8.  d. 

Balance  at  Treasurer's 82  17  1 

Invested  in  Consols    374  18  3 

Arrears     of    Subscriptions- 
estimated  to  produce 50    0  0 

Garden  Rent  due    3     0  0 

Surplus  Stock  of  Books    50    0  0 

iDue  on  Illustrations  Vol.  xxix     10    0  0 

£570  15  4 


LIABILITIES. 

£  s.  d. 

Subscriptions  paid  in  advance        2  0  0 

Morgan,  Commission,  1879  ...        4  18  6 

Sundry  Bills ^2  n  n 

One  Quarter  Castle  Rent 8  U  U 

24  18  6 

Balance  of  assets 545  16  10 

£570  15  4 


JANUARY,  1880. 


S^ussex  ^xtf^atoloQitaX  <g)Ocietg^ 


The  Earl  of  CHICHESTER,  Lord  Lieutenant  and  Gustos  Eot. 


Tlie  Duke  of  Devonshire,  K.G. 

The  Duke  of  Norfolk,  E.M. 

The  Marquess  of  Abergavenny 

The  Earl  De  La  Ware 

The  Earl  of  Egmont 

The  Earl  of  Sheffield 

Lord  Viscount  Gage 

Lord  Colchester 

The  Lord  Bishop  of  Chichester 

Lord  Talbot  deMalahide,P.R.S.,F.S.A. 

Lord  Zouche 

The  Right  Hon.  The  Speaker,  M.P. 

The  Right  Hon.  S.  Cave,  M.P. 

The  Right  Hon.  John  George  Dodson, 

M.P. 
The  Hon.  Percy  Wyndham,  M.P. 
Sir    Walter    Barttelot    Barttelot, 

Bart.,  M.P. 
Sir  Walter  Wyndham  Burrell,  Bart., 

M.P. 


©ice-^rtsibcnts: 

Sir  Sibbald  D.  Scott,  Bart.,  F.S.A. 
The  Rev.  Sir  Geo.  Croxton  Shiffner, 

Bart.,  M.A. 
T.  Brassey,  Esq.,  M.P. 
W.  L.  Christie,  Esq.,  M.P. 
G.  B.  Gregory,  Esq.,  M.P. 
Montague  D.  Scott,  Esq.,  M.P. 
J.  G.  Blencowe,  Esq. 
Rev.  J.  Collingwood  Bruce,  LL.D.,  P.S.A . 
H.  W.  Freeland,  Esq. 
Rev.  John  Goring,  M.A. 
A.  J.  Berbsford  Hope,  Esq.,  M.P.,  D.C.L., 

F.S.A. 
Robert  Henry  Hurst,  Esq. 
Edward  Hussey,  Esq. 
W.  Townley  MiTFORD,  Esq. 
P.  F.  Robertson,  Esq. 


g!ommtttee : 


T.  St.  Leger  Blaauw,  Esq. 

Rev.  Preby.  Carey  H.  Borrer,  M.A. 

J.  G.  Braden,  Esq. 

Rev.  Preby.  C.  Heathcote Campion,  M.A. 

Robert  Crosskey,  Esq. 

Rev.  E.  B.  Ellman,  M.A. 

fl.  King,  Esq. 


John  Clay  Lucas,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 

A.  Nesbitt,  Esq.,  F,S  A. 

J.  L.  Parsons,  Esq. 

H.  Penfold,  Esq. 

C.  Leeson    Prince,  Esq.,  F.E.A.S. 

Rev.  P.  DE  Putron,  M.A. 

W.  A.  Rarer,  Esq. 


Ponorarg  Sitretariss : 
Francis  Barchard,  Esq.,  Horsted  Place,  Uckfi^ld. 
The  Rev.  William  Powell,  M.A.,  Newick,  Lewes. 

^nnmnt : 
Geo.  Molineux,  Esq.,  Old  Bank,  Lewes. 

®iritor  of  Colkttions : 
Charles  Francis  Trower,  Esq.,  7,  Kensington  Gate,  W. 

lionorarg  Cnrator  anb  ^'ibrartan: 
RoBT.   Crosskey,  Esq.,  Castle  Gate,  Lewes. 

focal  ^urctarics: 


W.  Borrer,  Esq.,  M.A.,  F.L.S.,  Cowfold 
George  Slade  Butler,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  Rye 
Thomas  S.  Byass,  Esq.,  M.D.,  Cuckfield 
Rev.  G.  A.  Clarkson,  M.A.,  Amberley 
Em  ART,  Mr.  H.  M.,  Eastbourne 
Geo.  P.  Holmes,  Esq.,  Arundel 
Thos.  Honywood,  Esq.,  Horsham 

Cltrk : 
Mr.  John  Dudeney,  Lewes,  who  is  authorised  to  receive    Subscriptions,   end  to 

uhom  all  communications  respecting  Unpaid  /Subscriptions  and  the  delivery  of  Volumes 

should  be  addressed. 


Rev.  T.  Medland,  M.A.,  Steyning 
Mr.  J.  Phillipps,  Worthing 
J.  M.  Richardson,  Esq.,  Tunbridge  Wells 
John   E.    Price,   Esq.,   F.S.A.,    High- 

bury 
T.  Ross,  Esq.,  Hastings 


N.B. — The  *  prefixed  denotes  Life  Cowpounders. 


Abergavenny,  The  Marquess  of,  Eridge 
Castle 

Adamson,  E.,  Esq.,  M.D,,  Eye 

Ade,  Mr.  J.  S.,  Milton  Court 

Allchin,  Jolin,  Esq.,  Tonbridge  Wells 

*Alexander,  W.  C,  Esq.,  Aubrey  House, 
Notting  Hill 

Andre,  J.  L.,  Esq.,  Horsham 

*Arbuthnot,  W.  K.,  Esq.,  Plaw  Hatch, 
West  Hoathly 

ArkcoU,  Thos.,  Esq.,  Herstmonceux 

Arnold,  B.,  Esq.,  Chichester 

Ashburner,  H.  J.,  Esq.,  Horsham 

Athenaeum  Clvib,  London 

Attenborough,  Eev.  W.  F.,  FJetching 

*Attree,  F.  W.  J.,  Esq.,  Worthing 

Auckland,  Mrs.,  Lewes 

*Bacon,  Eev.  Thomas,  Wiggonholt 

Baker,  J.  B.,  Esq.,  Buxted 

Baker,  Eev.  F.  W.,  Eolvenden,  Kent 

*Banks,  Eev.  G.  W.,  Worth 

Barber,  Mr.  Wm.,  WiUingdon 

Barchard,  Elphinstone,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Dud- 
dleswell,  Uckfield 

Barchard,  Francis,  Esq.,  Horsted  Place 

Barclay,  Donald,  Esq.,  Mayfield 

Barron,  E.  J.,  Esq.,  London 

Bartlett,  Eev.  W.,  Wisborough  Vicarage 

Barttelot,  Sir  Walter  B.,  Bt.,M.P.,  Stop- 
ham 

*Barttelot,  Brian  B.,  Esq. 

Barwell,  Eev.  A.  H.  S.,  Clapham 

Bath,  I  he  Dowager  Marchioness  of, 
Findon 

*Bathurst,  Hy.,   Esq. 

Battye,  Eev.  W.  Wilberforce,  Hever, 
Kent 

*Baxter,  Wynne  E.,  Esq.,  Lewes 

Bay  ley.  Miss,  Hurstpierpoint 

Beard,  Mrs.  C,  Eottingdean 

Beard,  S.,  Esq.,  Eottingdean 

Beard,  T.  E.,  Esq.,  Lewes 

Beard,  Miss  Matilda,  Eottingdean 

Bellingham,  C,  Esq.,  Brighton 

Bellingham,  Miss  S.,  Eye 

Benge,  Jas.,  Esq.,  Eoyal  Masonic  Insti- 
tution, Wood  Green,  N. 

Bigg,  Eev.  C,  Brighton 

Bigg,  Capt.  W.,  Nuthurst 

Bigg,  E.  P.,  Esq.,  Slaugham 

Bigge,  Mrs.  Arthur,  Brighton 

Bishop,  Miss,  Hastings 

*Blaauw,  Mrs.,  Beechland 

Blaauw,  T.  St.  Leger,  Esq.,  Newick 

Blaber,  C.  O.,  Esq.,  Brighton 

Blaker,  Edpar,  S.,  Esq.,  Worthing 

Blakiston,  Eev.  Ealph  Milburn,   Croydon 

Blencowe,  J.  G.,  Esq.,  Bineham 

Blessley,  E.,  Esq.,  A.I.B.A.,  Eastbourne 

Blew,  Eev.  W.  J.,  M.A.,  London 

Blight,  Eev.  E.,  Lewes 

Bloxam,  Eev.  J.  Eouse,  D.D.,   Beeding 

Blunt,  W.  S.,  Esq.,  Crabbett,  Worth 


Bonnick,  H.,  Esq.,  Lewes 

Borrer,  Eev.  Preby.  Carey  H.,  Hurst-Pier- 

poinh 
*Borrer,  Capt.  Clifford,  Brighton 
Borrer,  W.,  Esq.,  M.A.,  F.L.S.,  Cowfold 
*Borrer,  Lindfield,  Esq.,  Henfield 
Bowles,  Eev.  F.  A.,  M.A.,  Singleton 
*Boxall,  W.  P.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Boys,  Jacob,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Braden,  J.  G.,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Brassey,   T.,    Esq.,  M.P.,    Normanhurst, 

Battle 
*Bridger,    E.   K.,    Esq.,  Hampton,  Mid- 
dlesex 
Bridges,  Eev.  A.  H.,  Beddington,  Croydon 
Broadwood,  Miss  Bertha,  Eusper 
Brockman,  Mrs.,  Maidstone 
Brooke,  F.  C,  Esq,,   Ufford,  Woodbridge 
Brown,  Alex.,  Esq.,  Kingston-on-Thames 
Brown,  Eev.  Felix,  M.A.,  Stopham 
Brown,  J.  E.,  Esq.,  Shoreham 
Browne,  H.  D.,  Esq.,  London 
Browning,  A.  H.,  Esq.,  Lewes  j 

Browell,  Eev.  J.,  Cowfold 
Buck,  Eev.  W.  H.  M.,  Seaford  \ 

Buckell,  Leonard,  Esq.,  M.D.,  Chichester  i 
Burnett,  Eev.  Preby.  W.,  M.A.,  Boxgrove 
Burrell,  Lady 

Burrell,    Sir    Walter   W.,    Bart.,    M.P.     : 
Burt,  Jas.,  Esq.,  Worthing  i 

Burton,  Alfred,  Esq.,  St.  Leonard's 
Burton,   Decimus,   Esq.,  F.E.S.,  F.S.A.,  I 

London 
Butler,  G.  Slade,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  Eye 
Butler,  Eev.  J.  B.  M.,  Maresfield  Eectory 
Button,  Mr.  B.,   Brighton 
Byass,  Thomas  S.,  Esq.,  M.D.,Cuckfield 
Calvert,  Eev.  T.,  Brighton 
Calvert,  Rev.  C.  P.,  Lewes 
Campion,  Eev.  Preby.  C.  Heathcote,  West-  i 

meston 
Campion,  W.  H.,  Esq.,  Danny 
Card,  Mr.  H.,  Lewes 
Cardale,  Eev.  E.  T.,  Uckfield 
Carter,  Bonham  W.,  Esq.,  Little  Green, 

Gosport 
Cass,  Eev.  C.  W.,  Battle 
Catt,  C.  W.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Cave,   Eight  Hon.  S.,  M.P.,  35,  WiltoQ 

Place,  Belgrave  Square 
Challen,  Mr.  T.,  Storrington 
Chambers,  G.  F.,  Esq.,  Eastbourne 
Chatfield,  E.,  Esq.,  Lewes 
*Chetwynd,  Hon.  Mrs.  Charles,  Worthing 
Chevalier,   Eobt.  M.,  Esq.,  Westbourne 

Grove 
Chichester,  The  Earl  of,  Stanmer 
Chichester,  The  Lord  Bishop  of 
Chichester  Library  Society 
Chichester  Literary  Society  andMechanics' 

Institute 
Cholmeley,  Eev.  E.,  D.D.,  Findon 
Christie,  W.  L.,  Esq.,  M.P.,  Glyndebourne 


SUSSEX    ARCHiEOLOGICAL    SOCIETY. 


XIU 


Clark,  J.  C,  Esq.,  Brighton 
♦Clarke,  Somers,  Esq.,  jr.,  London 
Clarkson,  Eev.  G.  A.,  M.A.,  Amberley 
Clayton,  Clias.  E.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Glutton,  Henry,  Esq.,  Reigate 
Cokayne,    G.    E.,   Esq.,    M.A.,   P.S.A., 

College  of  Arms 
Colchester,  Lord 
*Coleman,  Carlos,  Esq.,  Brede 
*Coleman,  Horace,  Esq.,  Brede 
*Coles,  J.  H.  C,  Esq.,  Eastbourne 
Cole,  Eev.  T.  H.,  M.A.,  Lewes 
Cole,  T.  H.,  Esq.,  Hastings 
Combe,    Boyce    Harvey,    Esq.,    F.S.A., 

Oaklands,  Battle 
Cooper,  Mrs.  W.  H.,  Brighton 
Cornthwaite,  Eev.  Tullie,  Walthamstowe 
*Cosens,  F.  W.,  Esq.,  Kensington 
Couling,  H.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Courthope,  G.  C,  Esq.,  Whiligh 
Cowan,  T.,  Esq.,  Horsham 
Crake,  E.,  Esq.,  Eastbourne 
Creak,  A.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Cripps,  E.  M.,  Esq.,  Novington 
Cripps,  Mr.  B.,  Washington,  Pulboro' 
Cripps,  Mr.  E.,  Steyning 
Cross,  Eev.  J.  H.,  Brighton 
Cross,  Eev.  E.  H.,  Lewes 
Crosskey,  Eobert,  Esq.,  Lewes 
*Curling,  Geo.,  Esq.,  Croydon 
Currey,  B.  C.,  Esq.,  Mailing  Deanery 
Curteis,  H.  Mascall,  Esq.,  Windmill  Hill 
Daintry,  A.,  Esq.,  Petworth 
Dalbiac,  H.  E.  A.,  Esq.,  Worthing 
Daniel-Tyssen,  J.R.,Esq.,  P.S.A.,  Brigh- 

ton 
*Daniel-Tyssen,  A.,  Esq.,  M.A.,  40,  Chan- 
eery  Lane,  London 
Davey,  Eev.  H.  M.,  M.A.,  Chichester 
Davey,  H.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
*Davies,  Miss,  London 
'Davis,  H.  C,  Esq.,  Brighton 
'Day,  Mrs.,  Uckfield  House 
*Day,  W.  A.,  Esq.,  London 
'Dearsley,  Eev.  St.  Jobn,  Wilmington 
Debary,  Eev.T.,  Atheiseum  Club,  London 
De  la  Warr,  The  Earl,  Withyham 
Delves,    W.,  Esq.,  Tunbridge  Wells 
Delves,  Mr.  Wm.  Henry,  Tunbridge  Wells 
Dendy,  C.  E.,  Esq.,  Gbichester 
Denman,  Hon.  Eichard,  Westergate,  Chi- 
chester 
Dennett,  Cbas.  F.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Dennis,  Eev.  E.  N.,  M.A.,  East  Blatching- 

ton 
De  Putron,  Eev.  Pierre,  M.A.,  Eodmell 
Devonshire,  The  Duke  of,  K.G.,  Eastbourne 
Dickinson,  Mrs.,  Hurstpierpoint 
Dilke,  W.,  Esq.,  Chichester 
Dixon,  Henry,  Esq.,  Prankham 
Dixon,  Miss,  Colwell,  Haywards  Heath 
*Dodd,  H.,  Esq.,  Eotherfield 
Dodson,  Et.    Hon.  J.  G.,    M.P.,  Coney- 
borough 
Dorman,  Mr.,  St.  Lponards-on-Sea 
Drakeford,  Eev.  D.  J.,  Elm  Grove,  Lower 

Sydenham 
Drewitt,,  Eobert  Dawtrey,  Esq.,  Peppering 


Duckett,  Sir  Geo.,  Bart.,  London 
Dnke,  Fredk.,  Esq.,  Hastings 
Dunkin,  E.  H.  W.,  Esq.,  Blackheath 
Earp,  Fredk.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
*Easton,  E.,  Esq.,  Westminster 
*Eden,  Eev.  Arthur,  M.A.,  Ticehurst 
Edge,  Eev.  W.  J,,  Benenden 
Edmunds,  Eichard,  Esq.,  Worthing 
Edwards,  S.,  Esq.,  Lewisham 
Edwards,  G.,  Esq.,  Hartfield 
Edwardes,   T.  Dyer,    Esq.,   Hyde    Park 

Gate,  London 
Egerton,  Eev.  J.  C,  Burwash  Rectory 
Egmont,  The  Earl  of,  Midhurst 
Elliott,  Eobert,  Esq.,  Ashford 
Ellis,  W.  Smith,  Esq.,  Hyde  Croft,  Crawley 
EUman,  Eev.  E.B.,M.A., Berwick  Eectory 
Elphinstone,    Howard  W.,    Esq.,    Wim- 
bledon 
*Elwes,  D.  C,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  Bedford 
Elwes,  H.  T.,  Esq.,  West  Hoathly 
Emary,  Mr.  H.  M.,  Eastbourne 
*Evans,  J.,  Esq.,  F.E.S.,  F.S.A.,  London 
*Evans,  Thomas,  Esq.,  Lyminster 
*Evershed,  S.,  Esq.,  Billingshurst 
Fairies,  Rev.  Septimus,  B.A.,  Lurgashall 
Parncombe,  Mr.  Joseph,  Lewes 
Fielder,  Geo.,  Esq.,  Woking  Station 
Fisher,  Richard,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  Midhurst 
Fitz  Hugh,  Eev.   Preby.   W.  A.,  M.A., 

Streat 
Foley,  Rev.  E.  W.,  Jevington 
*Foljambe,  Cecil  G.  S.,  Esq.,  Cockglode, 

Notts 
Foster,  Eev.  Preby.  H.,  M.A.,  Selsey 
Foster,  Eev.  Et.,  M.A.,  Burpham 
Foster,  Eev.  J.  S.,  M.A.,Wivelsfield 
*Foyster,  Eev.  H.  B.,  M.A.,  Hastings 
*Foyster,  Eev.  G.  A.,  M.A.,  Hastings 
*Franks,  A.   W.,    Esq.,  V.P.S.A.,   Brit. 

Museum 
*Freeland,  Humphrey  W.,  Esq.,M.A.,  Chi- 
chester 
*Freshfield,  Edwin,  Esq.,  Bank  Buildings, 

London 
Freshfield,     H.,    Esq.,    Kidbrook    Park, 

Forest  Eow 
Friend,    D.    B.,    Mr.,    Western    Eoad, 

Brigliton 
Fuller,  Eev.  A.,  M.A.,  Itchenor 
Furley,  R.,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  Ashford 
Gage,  Lord  Viscount,  Firle 
Gallard,  G.,  Esq.,  Clifton ville 
Garbet,  Rev.  Canon,  Bare  imbe 
Garnham,     Major,     Densworth     House, 

Chichester 
Gell,  luigo,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Gibson,  T.  P.,  Esq.,  Tunbridge  Wells 
Godlee,  Burwood,  Esq.,  Lewes 
*Godman,P.S.,  Esq  ,!Shermanbury  Grange 
Gordon,  Rev.  A.,  New  Timber 
Goring,  Rev.  John,  M.A.,  Wiston  Park 
Gorring,  Mrs.  H.  B.,  Seaford 
Gorringe,  Hugh,  Esq.    Kintjston 
Goschen,  Rt.  Eon.  G.  J.,  M.P.,  London 
Goulburn,  The  Very  Rev.  E.  M.,  D.D., 
Dean  of  Norwich,  Norwich 


XIV 


SUSSEX  AUCH^OLOGICAL   SOCIETY. 


»Gower,  G.  L.,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  Titsey  Place, 

Limpsfield 
Graham,  R.  J.,  Esq.,  Eastbourne 
*Grantham,  Geo.,  Esq.,  Barcombe  Place 
Gravely,  Ricbard,  Esq.,  Newick 
Gravely,  Thomas,  Esq.,  Cowfold 
Greaves,  W.,  Esq.,  London 
Greaves,  0.  S.,  Esq.,  Q.C,  London 
Green,  Mr.  Burton,  London 
Gregory,   G.  B.,   Esq.,   M.P.,    Boarzell, 

Hawkhurst 
Grey,  F.,  Esq.,  Uckfield. 
Griffith,  Henry,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Grover,  J.  P.,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Gruggen,  F.  W.,  Esq.,  Chichester 
*Gwynne,  J.  E.  A.,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  Folking- 

ton  Manor 
Haines,  W.,  Esq.,  Chichester 
*Hale3,  Rev.  R.  C,  Woodmancote 
Hall,  J.  E.  Eardley,  Esq.,  Henfield 
Halsted,  C.  T.,  Esq.,  Chichester 
Hamilton,  Mrs.,  Kenilworth 
*Hankey,  John  A.,  Esq.,  Balcombe  Place 
*Hannah,     Ven.     Archdeacon,     D.C.L., 

Brighton 
*Hannah,    Rev.     John     Julius,     M.A., 

Brighton 
Hannen,  Sir  Jas.,  OflTham  House 
*Hannington,  Lieut. -Col.,  Hurstpierpoint 
Harcourt,  Col.  F.  V^ernon,   Buxted  Park 
fiarland,  H.,  Esq.,  M.D.,  Wadhurst 
Harris,  W.  J.,  Esq.,  Worthing 
Harris,  H.  E.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Hart,  W,  H.,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  Gravesend 
*Harting,    J.     V.,    Esq.,    Lincoln's    Inn 

Fields,  London 
Hastie,  H.,  Esq.,  East  Grinstead 
Haviland,  Rev.  G.  E.,  M.A.,  Warbleton 
Hawies,  Rev.  W.  H.,  M.A.,  Slaugham 
♦Hawkins,  Rev.  R.,    M.A.,  Lamberhurst 
Hawkins,  Rev.   H.   S.,   Bayton   Rectory, 

Bury  St.  Edmunds 
♦Hawkshaw,  Sir  J.,  London 
*Hawkshaw,  B.P.,  Esq.,  London 
Haydon,    Rev.   W.,    Bapchild    Vicarage, 

Sittingbourne 
Hayley,  Rev.  Burrell,  M.A.,  Catsfield 
Hazlewood,  J.  E.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Hazlitt,  W.,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  London 
Head,  Mr.  J.,  Lewes 

Henty,  C.  P.,  Esq.,  Northlands,  Chichester 
Hepburn,  Rev.  Preby.  F.  R.,  M.A.,  Chailey 
»Hesketh,  Robt.,  Esq.,  F.R.S.,  London 
*Hill,  Chas.,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  West  Hoathly 
Hill,  Mr.  John,  Maresfield 
Hill,  Miss  A.,  London 
Hill,    W.    Neane,    Esq.,    Albert    Road, 

Regent's  Park 
Bill,  Capt.  Henry,  Brighton 
Hillman,  A.,  Esq.,  Iford 
HiUman,  Edward,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Hills,  Gordon  M.,  Esq.,  London 
Hilh,  Rev.  W.  J.,  Brighton 
Hine,  H.  G.,  Esq.,  London 
Hoare,  Rev.  H.  R.,  M.A. 
Hoare,  Rev.  W.  H.,  Oakfield,  Crawley 
Hogg,  Robt.,  Esq.,  LL.D.,  Pimlico 
Hollamby,  Mr.  H.,  Tunbridge  Wells 


Holland,  Rev.  T.  A.,  M.A.,  Poynings 
Holland,  Rev.  Chas.,  Petworth 
Hollis,  W.  M.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Holman,  Henry,  Esq.,  East  Hoathly 
*Hobnes,  E.  C,   Esq.,  Arundel 
Holmes,  G.  P.,  Esq.,  Arundel 
Honywood,  Thos.,  Esq.,  Horsham 
*Hope,    A.  J.  Beresford,   Esq.,   D.C.L., 

F.S.A.,  M.P.,  Bedgbury  Park 
Hoper,  W.,  Esq.,  Goring 
Hoper,  Richd,,  Esq.,  Cowfold 
Hornby,  Sir  E.,  East  Hoathly 
Horsey,  Thomas,  Esq.,  Ringmer 
Horton,  G.,  Esq.,  London 
*Hovenden,  R.,  Esq.,  Croydon 
Howlett,  J.  W.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Hubbard,  W.  E.,  Esq.,  Horsham 
Huggett,  Mr.  Josh.,  Hastings 
Hughes,  Hugh,  Esq.,  Brightling 
Hunt,  Bernard  Husey,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Hurst,  Robt.  Henry,  Esq.,  Horsham 
Hussey,  Edward,  Esq.,  Scotney  Castle 
*Hussey,  E.  L.,  Esq.,  Oxford 
Hussey,  R.  C,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  Harbledowa 
Hutchinson,  Rev.  Thos.,  M.A.,  Ditchling 
Hyde,  R.  S.,  Esq.,  Worthing 
Inderwick,  F.  W.,  Esq.,  Winchelsea 
Infield,  Mr.  H.  J.,  Brighton 
Ingram,  Mrs.  Hugh,  Steyning 
Ingram,  Jas.,  Esq.,  Chailey 
Ingram,  John,  Esq.,  Steyning 
Ingram,  Rev.  H.  M.,  Lewes 
Ingram,  W.  H  ,  Esq.,  Petworth 
Ingram,  Miss,  Chailey 
Ireland,    S.    S.,    Esq.,    Western   Boad; 

Brighton 
Ireland,  Artlinr,  Esq.,  Ciiftonville 
Jackson,  Miss  K.,  Brighton 
Jackson,  Rev.  G.,  Yapton 
Jenkins,  J.,  Esq.,  London 
Jenner,  Miss,  Lewes 
Johnson,  Mrs.  Luttman,  Binderton  House, 

Chichester  . 

*  Johnson,  J.  A.  Luttman,  Esq.,  London  J 
Jones,  H.,  Esq.,  Lewes  I 

Jones,  John,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Judson,  W.  S.,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Kemp,  C.  R.,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Kemp,  C.  E.,  Esq.    London 
*King,  H.,  Esq.,  Isfield  Place,  Uckfield 
King,  Mrs.  Joseph,  Finsbury  Circus 
Kingsley,  Mrs.  Henry,  Atrees,  Cuckfiel< 
Kirby,  Rev.  H.  T.  M.,  M.A.,  Mayfield 
Kirby,  Mrs.,  West  Hoathly 
Kirkland,  Mr.  W.,  Eastbourne 
*Kirwan,  J.  S.,  Esq.,  Reform  Club 

KiiucKsiecl;,  C.  E.,   Esq.,  Paris  

Know les.  Rev.  J.,F.S.A.,  FG.S.,  Ph.D 

M.A.,  Tunbridge 
Lambe,  Richard,  Esq.,  Lewes 
*Lampson,  Sir  C.  M.,  Bart.,  Rowfant 
Lane,  Henry  C.,  Esq.,  Middleton 
Lane,  T.,  Esq.,  Eastbourne 
Lanchester,  Hy.  J.,  Esq.,  London 
Langham,  J.  G.,  Esq.,  Uckfield 
Larnach,  D.,  Esq.,  Brambletye 
Latrobe,  Miss 


SUSSEX   AECH^OLOGICAL   SOCIETY. 


XV 


*Leacli,  Miss,  Clapham,  Surrey 

Lear,  Mrs.  M.,  Chichester 

Loathley,  D.    W.  Beresford,  Esq.,  Mid- 
hurat 

Legge,  Eev.  H.,  M.A.,  Lavant 

Leslie,  Mrs. 

*Leslie,    C.     S.,   Esq.,    Slindon  House, 
AruDdel 

Lewes  Library  Society 

Ley,  Rev.  John,  M.A.,  Waldron  Eectory 

Library  Congress,  London 

*Linington,  G.  E.,  Esq.,  Plashet,  Essex 

Lister,  John,  Esq.,  Warninglid 

Liverpool  Free  Public  Library 

Lomax,  Benj.,  Esq.,  Brighton 

London  Corporation  Library  Committee 

Long,  Miss  Emma  Tylney,  near  Arundel 

Longcroft,  C.  J.,  Esq.,  Havant 

Lower,  W.  de  Warenne,  Esq.,  London 

Lowther,  Mrs.,  London 

Lucas,  John  Clay,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  Lewes 

*Luck,  P.  G.,  Esq.,  Wadhurst 

Luxford,  J.  O.,  Esq.,  Higham,  Hawkhurst 

Luxford,   Rev.  G.    C,     M.A.,    Higham, 
Hawkhurst 

Lyall,  G.,  Esq.,  Hedley,  Epsom 

Lyons,  The  Lord,  Paris 

*Mackinlay,  D.,  Esq.,  Hillhead,  Glasgow 

MacLean,  Rev.  G.  G.,  Nutley 

McQueen,  General,  Canterbury 

Manby,  Lieut.-Col.,  P.R.S.,  Eastbourne 

Margesson,  Lt.-Col.,  Findon 
Margesson,  Miss,  Rolney 
Margesson,  Miss  H.  A.,  Boluey 
Martineau,  E.  H.,  Esq.,  London 
Masters,    Rev.    James     Hoare,     Lower 

Beeding 
Meadows,  Geo.,  Esq.,  Hastings 
Medland,  Rev.  T.,  M.A.,  Steyning 
Melville,  Miss,  Henfield  Lodge 
Melv  He,  Robt.,  Esq.,  Harttield 
Merrifield,  F.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Michell,  11.,  Esq.,  Horsham 
Mills,  Mr.  A.,  Brighton 
*Milner,  Rev.  J.,  Lindfield 
Mitchell,  W.  W.,  Esq.,  Arundel 
Mitchell,  Rev.  H.,  M.A.,  F.S.A.,  Bosham 
Mitford,  W.  T.,  Esq.,  Pits  Hill 
*Mivart,    St.    George,    Esq.,     F.R.S., 

Wilmshurst,  Nutley 
Molineux,  George,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Molyneux,  Hon.  F.  G.,  Tunbridge  Wells 
Monk,  E.,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Monk,  T.  J.,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Moren,  G.,  Esq.,  Cowden,  Heathfield 
Morgan,  W.,  Esq.,  Uckfield 
Morgan,  E.,  Esq.,  Tunbridge  Wells 
Mount,  Rev.  Preby.  F.  J.,  M.A.,  Cuckfield 
Murchison,     Kenneth     R.,    Esq.,    East 

Grinstead 
Napier,  Rev.  C.  W.  A.,  M.A.,  Wiston 
Napper,  H.  F.,  Esq.,  Loxwood 
Nesbitt,   A.,   Esq.,    F.S.A.,   Old    Lands, 

Maresfield 
Nevill,  Lady  Dorothy,  Petersfield 
Newman,    Mrs.   F.   B.,  Burton-Latimer, 

Northamptonshire 
*Nicholls,  Rev.  H.,  M.A.,  Petworth 


Noakes,  Mr.  J.,  Chiddingly 
Noble,  Capt.,  Forest  Lodge,  Maresfield 
Norfolk,  The  Duke  of,  Arundel  Castle 
Norman,  Mr.  S.,  St.  John's  Common, 

Hurstpierpoint 
Norman,  Geo.  Mr.,  Cooksbridge 
Norton,  G.,  Esq.,  Ardingly 
O'Flahertie,  Rev.  T.  R.,  M.A.,  Capel 
Olding,  W.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Olive,  Geo.,  Esq.,  Bromley-le-Bow 
Orme,  Rev.  J.  B.,  M.A.,  Angmering 
*Ouvry,  Frederic,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  London 
Paine,  Cornelius,  Esq.,  Brighton 
*Paine,  W.  D.,  Esq.,  Reigate 
Pakenham,  Hon.,  Capt.  R.N.,  Franklyns, 

Haywards  Heath 
Papillon,  T.,  Esq.,  Crowhurst  Park 
Paris,  G.  de,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Parish,  Rev.  Chancellor,  Selmeston 
Parriugton,  Rev.  Canon,  M.A.,  Chichester 
Parsons,  J.  L.,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Patching,  Mr.  E.  C,  Worthing 
Pattison,  H.  J.,  Esq. 
Peachey,  W.,  Esq.,  Ebernoe 
Fearless,  J.  R.,  Esq.,  East  Grinstead 
*Penfold,  Hugh,  Esq.,  M.A.,  Rustington 
Penley,  M.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Perry,  Harry,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Philpot,  Rev.  W.  B.,  Bersted 
Phillipps,  Mr.  John,  Worthing 
Pierpoint,  Rev.  R.  W.,  M.A.,  Eastbourne 
Pitcher,  J.  Carey,  Esq.,  Hailsham 
*Pitman,    Rev.   Preby.  T.,   M.A.,    East- 
bourne 
*Plowes,  John  Henry,  Esq.,  London 
Pocock,  Crawford  J.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Postlethwaite,  G.,  Esq.,  East  Grinstead 
Polehampton,  Rev.  E.,   M.A.,  Hartfield 
Polhill,  R.  C,  Esq.,  Eastbourne 
Pott,  Arthur,  Esq.,  Bentham  Hill,  Tun- 
bridge Wells 
Powell,  Rev.  William,  M.A.,  Newick 
Powell,  James  D.,  Esq.,  Newick 
Powell,  Charles,  Esq.,  Speldhurst 
Powell,  Rev.  Richmond,  M.A.,  South  Stoke 
Powell,  J.  C,  Esq.,  Selsfield,  E.  Grinstead 
Price,  John  E.,  Esq.5  F.S.A.,  Highbury 
Prince,  C.  L.,  Esa.,  F.R.  A  .S.,  Crowborough 

Beacon,  Tunbridge  Wells 
PuUinger,  Mr.  E.,  Lewes 
Quaritch,  Mr.  Bernard,  London 
Ramsbotham,  James,  Esq.,  Crowborough 
Raper,  R.  G.,  Esq.,  Chichester 
Raper,  W.  A.,  Esq.,  Battle 
Read,  Rev.  T.  F.  R.,  Withyham 
Renshaw,  T.  C,  Esq.,  Haywards  Heath 
Riadore,  Rev.  G.,  M.A.,  Mid-Lavant 
Rice,  Mr.  R.  Garraway,  Horsham 
Richardson,  J.  M.,  Esq.,  Tunbridge  Wells 
Richardson,  Rev.W.  E.,  Southover  Rectory 
Riekman,  John,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Ridge,  L.  W.,  Esq.,  London 
Rivington,  Alex.,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Robertson,  Patrick  F.,  Esq.,  Hastings 
*Robertson,   Rev.  Divie,  M.A.,    Henfield 

Vicarage 
Robertson,  Dr.Lockhart,  Hanover  Square, 
London 


XVI 


SUSSEX   ARCH^OLOGICAL   SOCIETY. 


Robinson,  A.,  Esq.,  West  Lavant  House 
Rock,  James,  Esq.,  Hastings 
Rogers,  R.  J.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Roots,  G.,  Esq.,  E.S.A.,  London 
*Roper,  F.  C.  S.,  Esq.,  F.L.S.,   F.G.S., 

Eastbourne 
Rose,  Col.  Holden,  Tbe  Ferns,  Wivelsfield 
Ross,  T.,  Esq.,  Hastings 
Ross,  Hy.,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  Chestham  Park 

Henfield 
Rosseter,  Mrs.,  Iford  Manor 
Roswell,  Mr.  E.,  Lewes 
Round,  J.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Rowe,  Mr.  C,  Tanbridge  Wells 
Royston,  Rev.  Peter,  M.A.,  Peterboro' 
Rush,  Rev.  Henry  John,  M.A.,  Hay  wards 

Heath 
Russell,  Mr.  Albion,  Levees 
Russell,  Rev.J.  C,  M.A. 
Rutter,  Jos.,  Esq.,  M.D.,  Brighton 
Saint,  Rev.  J.  J.,  M.A.,  Groombridge 
Sanders,  Mr.  James,  Hailsham 
Sandham,  Rev.  J.  M.,  M.A.,  Coldwaltham 
Sawyer,    Frederick     E.,     Esq.,    F.M.S., 

Brighton 
Sawyer,   G.  D.,    Esq.,  55,    Buckingham 

Place,  Brighton 
Saxby,  Mr.  H.,  Lewes 
Sclater,  James  H.,  Esq.,  Newick 
Scott,  M.D.,  Esq.,  M.P.,  Hove 
Scott,  Sir  Sibbald  D.,  Bt.,  F.S.A.,  London 
Scrivens,  G.,  Esq.,  Hastings 
Seaton,  S.,  Esq.,  Kidderminster 
Selmes,  Jas.,  Esq.,  Newenden,  Hawkhurst 
Sergison,  Warden,  Esq.,  Cuckfield 
Sharp,  M.  R.,  Esq.,  Eastbourne 
Sharpe,     H.    J.,    Esq.,   Ham    Common, 

Surrey 
Sheffield,  the  Earl  of,  Sheffield  Place 
Shenstone,  F.  S.,  Esq.,  Barcombe 
Shepperd,  Rev.  H.,  Brighton 
Shifiner,  Mrs.,  Westergate 
Shiffner,  Rev.  Sir  G.  Croxton,  M.A.,  Bt., 

Coombe,  Lewes 
Shoppee,  C.  J.,  Esq.,  London 
Simmons,  T.  Mr.,  Lewes 
Simmons,  Henry,  Esq..  Seaford 
Skilbeck,  John,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Slack,  H.  J.,  Esq.,  Forest  Row 
Fmith,  A.  W.,  Esq.,  Rye 
Smith,  Francis,  Mrs.,  Salt  Hill,  Chichester 
Smith,  Mrs.  Henry,  Chichester 
Smith,  Mr.  J.  Russell,  London 
Smith,  Mr.  W.  J.,  Brighton 
Smith,  O.  A.,  Esq.,  East  Grinstead 
Smith,  J.  Maxfield,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Smith,  J.  P.  M.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Smythe,  Lewis,  Esq.,  M.D.,  Lewes 
*Snaith,  Miss  Elizabeth,  Brighton 
Snooke,  Mrs.,  Chichester 
Snewiu,  Mr.  H.  E.,  Worthing 
Speaker,  Rt.  Hon.  The,  M.P.,  Glynde 
*Sperling,  Rev,  J.  H.,  M.A.,  Bath 
Spratley,  J.  S.,  Esq.,  Bow 
Springate,  A.,  Esq.,  Hawkhurst 
Spurrell,  H.,  Esq.,  Eastbourne 
Stead,  Rev.  A.,  M.A.,  Ovingdean 


Stenning,    J.   C,  Esq.,    Halsford,  East 

Grinstead 
*Stenning,    A.  H.,  Esq.,  Halsford,  East 

Grinstead 
Steuart,  H.  J.  Gow,  Esq.,  Fowlers  Park 
Stone,  F.  W.,  Esq.,  Tunbridge  Wells 
Streatfeild,  R.  J.,Esq., The  Rocks,  Uckfield 
Strickland,  Mr.  Geo.,  Hailsham 
Strickland,  Mr.  W.,  Hailsham 
Summers,  Rev.  Walter,  Danehill 
Sutton,  Rev.  Preby.  R.  S.,  M.A.,  Rype 
Sutton,  Rev.  Preby.  R.,  M.A.,  Pevensey 
Swainson,  Rev.  Canon,  D.D.,  Chichester 
*Swift,  John,  Esq.,  Eastbourne 
Tagart,  C.  F.,  Eeq.,  Lewes,  F.S.A. 
Talbot  de  Malahide,  Lord,  F.R.S.,  F.S.A., 

Malahide  Castle,  Dublin 
Taylor,  W.,  Esq.,  Glenleigh,  Westham 
Terry,  Mrs.,  Canterbury 
Thomas,  W.  Broderick,  Esq.,  London 
Thomas,  Rev.  S.  Webb,  M.A.,  Southease 
*Thompson,   T.   C,    Esq.,    Forest   Row, 

East  Grinstead 
Thorpe,  G.  Archibald,  Esq.,  Hastings 
Tindall,  W.  H.,  Esq.,  Tunbridge  Wells 
Tomkins,  Rev.  R.  F.,  Tortington 
Tootb,  Rev.  W.  A.,  M.A.,  Brighton 
Tooke,  Mrs.  Cheval,  East  Grinstead 
*Tourle,  J.  J.,  Esq.,  London 
Trew,  Mrs.,  Steyning 
Tribe,  W.  Foard,  Esq.,  Worthing 
Trower,  C.  F.,  Esq.,  7,  Kensington  Gate 
Truefitt,    G.,  Esq.,    5,     Bloomsbury    Sq., 

London 
Tudor,  Rev.  Owen  L.,  Eastbourne 
Tufnell,  Rev.  E.,  Easebourne 
Tunbridge  Wells  Club 
Turing,  Sir  Robert,  Chilgrove 
Turing,  Lady,  Chilgrove 
Turner,  W.  W.,  Esq.,  Seaford 
Turner,  Thos.,  Esq.,  Petworth 
Turner,  Rev.  Thos.  R.,  M.A.,  Wimbledon 
Turner,    Mrs.  John,  182,  Western  Road, 

Brighton 
Turner,  Richard,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Tyacke,  Nicholas,  Esq.,M.D.,  Chichester 
Tyler,  W.  H.,  Esq.,  London 
Verrall,  J.   M.,  Esq.,   Lewes 
Vidler,  J.  C,  Esq.,  Rye 
*Wagner,  H.,  Esq.,  London 
WakeUng,  Mr.  G.,  Brighton 
Walker,  Rev.  G.  A.,  M.A.,  Chidham 
*WaIker,  Ven.  Archdeacon,  Cliichester 
*Wa]lis,  G.  A.,  Esq.,  Eastbourne  j 

Warde,  Rev.  A.  W.,  Little  Horsted  J 

Warden,  H.,  Esq.,  Tunbridge  Wells 
Warren,  J.,    Esq.,    LL.B.,  B.A.,   Hand- 
cross  Park 
Warren,  E.,  Esq.,  Manor  House,  Streat- 

ham 
Warren,  Reginald  A.,  Esq.,  Preston  Place, 

Arundel 
Waterlow,  A.  J.,  Esq.,  Reigate 
Watson,  Lady,  Midhurst 
Waugh,  Edward,  Esq.,  Cuckfield 
Webb,  Mr.  Alderman,  Brighton 
WeJd,  G.  Esq.,  Charmanrlean,  Worthing 
Weekes,  George,  Esq.,  Hurstpierpoint 


SUSSEX   ARCH^OLOGICAL    SOCIETY. 


XVll 


Woller,  John,  Esq.,  Courthonse,  Lewes 
Weller,  T.  E.,  Esq.,  Kingston  on-Thames 
Weir,  Harrison,  Esq.,  Peckham 
Weir,  J.  Jenner,  Esq.,  F.L.S.,  Blackheath 
Welfare,  J.  S.,  Esq.,  Eottingdean 
Wellesley,  Lady  Victoria  Long,  East- 
bourne 
Wetherell,  N.,  Esq.,  Pashley 
Wetherell,  Major  Ed.,   Tunbridge  Wells 
Wheatley,     G.     W,,     Esq.,     Charlwood, 

Surrey 
Whitehead,  T.  M.,  Esq.,  London 
Whiteloek,    Eev.    Benj.,    M.A.,    Groom- 
bridge 
Whitfeld,  George,  Esq.,  Lewes 
Wilkinson,  P.  Richard,  Esq. 
Willett,  Henry,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Williams,  W.  J.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Willcock,  J.  H.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Willett,  E.  H.,  Esq.,  P.S.A.,  Brighton 
Winham,  Rev.  D.,  M.A.,  Western  House, 
Brighton 

Arnold, The Eev.F.  H., LL.B.,  Fishbourne 
Bruce,Rev.J.  CollingwoodjLL.D.,  F.S.A., 

Newcastle-on-Tyn  e 
Campkin,  H.,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  London 
Charma,  M.,  Caen 

Corde.  M.  I'Abb^  de,  Bures,  Neufcliatel 
Diamond,  Hugh  Welch,  Esq.,  M.D.,F.S.A., 

Twickenham  House,  Hon.  Photographer 


*Wisden,    Capt.,    The    Warren,   Broad- 
water, Worthing 
Wood,  A.,  Esq.,  Horsham 
Wood,  H.  T.,  Esq.,  Pittleworth 
Wood,  John,  Esq.,  Hickstead,   Haywards 

Heath 
Woodman,  Rev.  F.  S.,  Chichester 
Woods,  A.  W.,  Esq.,  Brighton 
Woods,  J.  W.,  Esq.,  Chilgrove 
Woolner,  Thomas.  Esq.,  R.A.,  9,  Welbeck 

Street,  London 
Wright,  R.,  Esq.,  A.L.S.,Hur3tmonceux 
Wyatt,  Rev.  John  J.  P.,  M.A.,  Hawley, 

Farnboro' 
*Wyatt,  Hugh   Penfold,  Esq.,   Cissbury, 

Worthing 
Wyndham,  Hon.  Percy,  M.P.,  Petworth 
Young,  Edmund,  Esq.,  Steyning 
Young,  William  Blackman,  Esq.,  Hastings 
*Zouche,  Lord,  Parham  Park 


Dudeney,  Mr.  John,  Lewes 
Hewett,  E"vd.  J.  W.,  London 
Smith,  Charles  Eoach,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 
Spurrell,  Rev.  F.,  M.A.,  Witham 
Semichon,  Mons.  Ernest,  Avocat. 
TroUope,  The  Right  Rev.  Bishop,  F.S.A. 


^ttks  nf  i\jt  Snadg. 


1.  That  the  Society  shall  avoid  all  topics  of  religious  and  political  controversy, 
and  shall  remain  independent,  though  willing  to  co-operate  with  similar  Societies 
by  friendly  communication. 

2.  That  the  Society  shall  consist  of  Members  and  Honorary  Members, 

3.  That  Candidates  for  admission  be  proposed  and  seconded  by  two  Members  of 
the  Society,  and  elected  at  any  Meeting  of  the  Committee,  or  at  a  General  Meeting. 
One  black  ball  in  five  to  exclude. 

4.  That  the  Annual  subscription  of  Ten  Shillings  shall  become  due  on  the  1st  day 
of  January,  or  £5  be  paid  in  lieu  thereof,  as  a  composition  for  life.  Subscriptions 
to  be  paid  at  the  Lewes  Old  Bank,  or  by  Post-office  order,  to  George  Molineux, 
Esq.,  Treasurer,  Lewes  Old  Bank,  or  to  any  of  the  Local  Secretaries. 

N.B. — No  Member  wJwse  Sithscription  is  in  arrear,  is  entitled  to  receive  the 
annual  volume  of  Collections,  tmtil  such  suiscription  has  teen  paid. 

6.  That  every  new  Member,  upon  election,  be  required  to  pay,  in  addition  to 
Buch  Subscription  or  Life  Composition,  an  entrance  fee  of  Ten  Shillings. 

6.  That  the  Committee  have  power  to  admit,  without  ballot,  on  the  nomlDation 
of  two  members,  any  Lady  who  may  be  desirous  of  becoming  a  Member. 

7.  That  the  general  affairs  of  the  Society  be  conducted  by  a  Committee,  to  consist 
of  the  President,  Vice-Presidents,  the  Honorary  Secretaries,  the  Editor  of  the 
"  Collections,"  who  (in  accordance  with  the  vote  of  the  general  annual  meeting, 


xviii  SUSSEX  arch^ological  society. 

held  17th  August,  1865)  shall  receive  such  remuneration  as  the  Committee  may- 
deem  fit;  Local  Secretaries,  the  Treasurer,  the  Honorary  Curator  and  Librarian,  and 
not  less  than  twelve  other  Members,  who  shall  be  chosen  at  the  General  Meeting 
in  March  ;  three  Members  of  such  Committee  to  form  a  Quorum. 

N.B.— The  Committee  meet  at  Lewes  Castle,   on  the  Thursdays    preceding  the 
usual  Quarter  Days,  at  12  o'clock. 

8.  That  the  management  of  the  financial  department  of  the  Society's  affairs  be 
placed  in  the  hands  of  a  Sub- Committee,  specially  appointed  for  that  purpose  by  the 
General  Committee. 

9.  That  the  Finance  Committee  be  empowered  to  remove  from  the  list  of  the 
Society  the  name  of  any  Member  whose  Subscription  shall  be  more  than  three  years 
in  arrear,  and  who  shall  neglect  to  pay  on  application  :  and  that  this  Committee  shall 
at  each  quarterly  meeting  of  the  General  Committee  submit  a  report  of  the  liabili- 
ties of  the  Society,  when  cheques,  signed  by  three  of  the  Members  present,  shall  be 
drawn  on  the  Treasurer  for  the  same. 

10.  That  the  accounts  of  the  Society  be  submitted  annually  to  the  examination 
of  two  auditors,  who  shall  be  elected  by  the  Committee  from  the  general  body  of 
the  Members  of  the  Society. 

11.  That  at  all  Meetings  of  the  Society,  or  of  the  Committee,  the  resolutions  of 
the  majority  present  shall  be  binding. 

12.  That  two  General  Meetings  of  the  Society  be  held  in  the  year  : — the  one  on 
the  Second  Thursday  in  August,  at  some  place  rendered  interesting  by  its  Antiquities 
or  Historical  Associations,  and  the  other  on  the  Thursday  preceding  Lady  Day,  at 
the  Barbican,  Lewes  Castle,  at  12.30;  at  either  of  which  Meetings  such  alterations 
shall  be  made  in  the  Rules  as  a  majority  of  those  present  may  determine,  on  notice 
thereof  having  been  submitted  in  wi-iting  to  the  preceding  Quartei-ly  Meeting  of 
the  Committee. 

13.  That  a  Special  General  Meeting  may  be  summoned  by  the  Honorary  Secretaries 
on  the  requisition  in  writing  of  five  Members,  or  of  the  President  or  two  Vice- 
Presidents,  specifying  the  subject  to  be  brought  forward  for  consideration  at  such 
Meeting ;  and  that  subject  only  to  be  then  considered. 

14.  That  the  Committee  have  power  to  appoint  as  an  Honorary  Member  any  person 
(including  foreigners)  likely  to  promote  the  interests  of  the  Society;  such  Honorary 
Member  not  to  pay  any  Subscription,  nor  to  have  the  right  of  voting  in  the 
affairs  of  the  Society,  and  to  be  subject  to  re-election  annually. 

15.  That  the  General  Meeting  in  March  be  empowered  to  appoint  any  Member 
Local  Secretary  for  the  town  or  district  where  he  may  reside,  in  order  to  facilitate 
the  collection  of  accurate  information  as  to  objects  of  local  interest ;  and  that  such 
Local  Secretaries  be  ex-officio  Members  of  the  Committee. 

16.  That  Meetings  for  the  purpose  of  reading  Papers,  and  the  exhibition  of  Anti- 
quities, be  held  at  such  times  and  places  as  the  Committee  may  determine,  and  that 
notice  be  given  by  circular. 

17.  That  the  Honorary  Secretaries  shall  keep  a  record  of  the  Proceedings  of  the 
Society  ;  such  minutes  to  be  read  and  confirmed  at  each  successive  Quarterly  Meet- 
ing of  the  Committee,  and  signed  by  the  Chairman  then  sitting. 


^usisex  ^tci^aeolosical  Societg^ 


Maritime  Belg^  may  have  become  acquainted  witli  tlie 
elementary  symbols  of  classical  literature  at  an  earlier 
period,  through  the  medium  of  those  Gaulish  merchants 
who,  in  the  habit  of  constantly  trading  with  the  soutli 
coast,  were  so  prompt  in  conveying  the  news  of  Ca3sar's 
intended  invasion  from  shore  to  shore.  Several  circum- 
stances, however,  combine  to  suggest  the  year  50  B.C. 
as  the  date  of  the  commencement  of  the  inscribed  corn- 
age  of  Britain. 

.  We  find,  on  attentive  examination,  that  the  first  appear- 
ance   of  intelligible  legends  is   unaccompanied   by   any 
sudden  radical  alteration   in  the  design  of  the  existing 
coinage.       Imperfect   inscriptions   intermixed   with  the 
XXX.  ^ 


xviii  SUSSEX  arch^ological  society. 

held  17th  August,  1865)  shall  receive  such  remuneration  as  the  Committee  may- 
deem  fit;  Local  Secretaries,  the  Treasurer,  the  Honorary  Curator  and  Librarian,  and 
not  less  than  twelve  other  Members,  who  shall  be  chosen  at  the  General  Meeting 
in  March  ;  three  Members  of  such  Committee  to  form  a  Quorum. 

N.B.— The  Committee  meet  at  Lewes  Castle,  on  the  Thursdays    preceding  the 
usual  Quarter  Days,  at  12  o'clock. 

8.  That  the  management  of  the  financial  department  of  the  Society's  affairs  be 
placed  in  the  hands  of  a  Sub-Committee,  specially  appointed  for  that  purpose  by  the 
General  Committee. 

9.  That  the  Finance  Committee  be  empowered  to  remove  from  the  list  of  the 
Society  the  name  of  any  Member  whose  Subscription  shall  be  more  than  three  years 
in  arrear,  and  who  shall  neglect  to  pay  on  application  :  and  that  this  Committee  shall 
at  each  quarterly  meeting  of  the  General  Committee  submit  a  report  of  the  liabili-_ 


ERRATUM. 
Page  245  line  3,  for  "£100  "  read  "  £1000." 


OMISSION  FROM  LIST  OF  MEMBERS. 
Rev.  H.  J.  Peckham,  PcLcrsfiald  (Life  Member). 


16.  That  Meetings  for  the  purpose  of  reading  Papers,  and  the  exhibition  of  Anti- 
quities, be  held  at  such  times  and  places  as  the  Committee  may  determine,  and  that 
notice  be  given  by  circular. 

17.  That  the  Honorary  Secretaries  shall  keep  a  record  of  the  Proceedings  of  the. 
Society  ;  such  minutes  to  be  read  and  confirmed  at  each  successive  Quarterly  Meet- 
ing of  the  Committee,  and  signed  by  the  Chairman  then  sitting. 


.g^ussex  ^tti)aeolosical  ^octetg* 


THE  ANCIENT  BRITISH  COINS  OE  SUSSEX. 


By  ERNEST  H.  WILLETT,  Esq.,  E.S.A. 
(^Continued  from  Vol.  xxix.) 


PART  II. 

THE  INSCRIBED  SERIES. 
Coins  of  Gommius  and  his  Sons. 

The  inscriptions  which  occur  on  British  coins  being,  so 
far  as  they  have  been  deciphered,  entirely  in  Roman 
characters,  it  follows  that  the  date  of  the  minting  of  such 
Inscribed  money  was  subsequent  to  the  arrival  of  the 
legions  in  this  country. 

It  is,  of  course,  possible  tliat  the  insular  colony  of  the 
Maritime  Belgse  may  have  become  acquainted  with  the 
elementary  symbols  of  classical  literature  at  an  earlier 
period,  through  the  medium  of  those  Gaulish  merchants 
who,  in  tlie  habit  of  constantly  trading  with  the  soutli 
coast,  were  so  prompt  in  conveying  tlie  news  of  Cesar's 
intended  invasion  from  shore  to  shore.  Several  circum- 
stances, however,  combine  to  suggest  the  year  60  B.C. 
as  the  date  of  the  commencement  of  the  inscribed  com- 
age  of  Britain. 

We  find,  on  attentive  examination,  that  the  first  appear- 
ance of  intelligible  legends  is  unaccompanied  by  any 
sudden  radical  alteration  in  the  design  of  the  existing 
coinage.       Imperfect   inscriptions    intermixed   with  the 

XXX.  ^ 


2  THE    Ax^CIENT    BRITISH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX. 

scattered  limbs  of  the  dismembered  horse,  are  the  first  i 
indications   of  the  approaching  chans-e.      The  types  as? 
yet  remain  at  the  extremity   of  degradation,   to  which  ai 
succession    of  barbarian    artists,    each    repeating,    exag- 
gerating, and  unconsciously   modifying  the  mistakes  of 
his  predecessor,  had  reduced  thera.^ 

But  a  new  era  of  design  is  shortly  to  be  commenced. 
It  began  within  the  life-time  of  the  same  king,  and  it  is , 
visibly  Roman  in  character.  The  conquerors  must  either  j 
have  imported  artists  to  engrave  dies  for  the  provincial 
mints,  or  the  subjugated  Celts  themselves  have  seized 
upon  and  copied  such  specimens  of  civilized  art  as  were 
to  be  found  in  the  money  chest  of  the  victorious  army  of 
occupation,  or  amongst  the  decorations  and  accoutrements 
of  its  soldiers.  For  instance,  one  can  hardly  believe  that 
such  coins  as  those  figured  Plate  IV.,  Nos.  5  and  9,  PL  V., 
Nos.  1,  5,  6,  11,  13  and  14,  were  engraved  by  men  who 
had  never  seen  the  masterpieces  of  Greek  and  Roman 
art.  On  the  other  hand,  it  is  easily  credible  that  the 
coins  on  Plates  IV.  and  V.  other  than  those  enumerated, 
might  be  produced  by  a  comparatively  unskilled  workman. 

It  is  nevertheless  exceedingly  difficult  to  maintain  any 
such  niceties  of  distinction,  and  it  is,  after  all,  of  little 
moment  which  of  these  two  conjectures  is  correct,  for 
the  fact  remains  that  by  some  process  or  another,  the  old 
Greek  laureated  head,  that  had  become  naturalized  dur- 
ing a  century  of  modifications,  was  discarded,  together 
with  the  traditions,  associations,  and  superstitions  con- 
nected with  it,  in  favour  of  a  series  of  Roman  designs. 
Its  outline,  however,  was  not  altogether  lost  sight  of,  for 
the  shapes  of  many  of  the  adopted  Roman  forms  follow 
the  lines  of  the  older  patterns,  and  some  of  our  most 
distinguished  numismatists  are  disposed  to  trace  an  al- 
most unbroken  series  in  the  chain  of  derivatives. 

History  of  Commius. 

The  first  name  that  we  find  recorded  on  British  coins 
is  that  of  the  Atrebatian   chief,  Commios,  and  notwith- 

*  Plate  IV.,  Nos.  1 ,  2  and  3,  are  examples  of  the  earliest  inscribed  British  coins. 


THE    ANCIENT    BRITISH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX.  3 

standing  tlie  possibilitj  of  the  single  coin  attributed  to 
him  belonging  to  his  son,  in  the  absence  of  direct  proof 
to  the  contrary,  it  is  at  least  permissible  to  assign  it  to 
the  father. 

When  we  consider  how  few  are  the  points  of  contact 
between  early  written  history  (connected  with  this 
country)  and  existing  monuments,  it  is  obviously  in- 
cumbent upon  intelligent  enquiry  that  it  should  pause 
to  observe  the  electric  light,  as  it  were,  of  discovery 
thrown  on  the  obscurity  of  the  past.  Few  indeed  are 
the  sparks  that  it  emits,  but  such  as  they  are  we  must 
utilize  them  to  grope  our  way  amidst  the  dimly  lit  pages 
of  ancient  British  history. 

This  Commius  or  Commios  (for  the  names  are  iden- 
tical—the method  of  spelling  depending  upon  whether 
we  prefer  to  adopt  the  Roman  or  the  Gaulish  language^), 
is  one  of  the  few  British  Chieftains  mentioned  by  Roman 
historians  of  whom  we  have  any  numismatic  evidence. 
The  tribes  and  chiefs  whose  names  are  given  by  these 
ancient  chroniclers  are,  indeed,  many;  the  description  of 
their  manners  and  customs  graphic,  the  stories  of  their 
treachery,  factions,  feuds  and.  elementary  policy  both 
clear  and  comprehensible,  but  the  instances  where  one 
can  point  to  contemporaneous  inscriptions  of  their  names 
may  be  counted  upon  the  fingers  of  one  hand. 

It  is,  of  course,  impossible  to  determine  with  absolute 
certainty  the  identity  of  the  Commius  of  the  coins  and 
the  Commius  of  Caesar,  but  the  circumstantial  evidence 
is  so  strong  in  favour  of  its  being  one  and  the  same  man, 
that  the  identity  may  be  accepted  by  all  but  the  most 
sceptical. 

It  is  from  the  commentaries  of  the  great  soldier  his- 
torian, Julius  Caesar,  that  we  must  gather  what  informa- 
tion we  can  about  Commius. 

"  Eos  (legates)    domum  remittit,  et  cum  iis  una  Com- 

nium,  cujus  et  virtutem  et  consilium  probabat 

3ujusque  auctoritas  in  his  regionibus  magni  habebatur, 
nittit."' 

*  Many  Gaulish  names  terminate  in       derivation  from  a  Greek  source. 
)s, -which   fact  seems  to  suggest  their  ^  Caesar  de  Bell.  Gall.,  lib.  iv.,  cap.  xxi, 


4  THE    ANCIENT    BRITISH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX. 

This  is  the  first  historical  reference  we  have  to  the  man 
whose  name,  in  connection  with  those  of  his  sons,  is  to 
figure  so  prominently  in  the  early  numismatic  history  of 
our  country. 

Mr.  Evans  gives  the  following  resume  of  the  History 
of  Commius,  as  compiled  from  the  Commentaries  : — 

When   sent  on  his  errand  by  Caesar  he   was  seized   by  the  bar-  i 
barians  and  thrown  into  prison,   notwithstanding  in  the  character  of ' 
ambassador  he  bore  the  General's  commission.     After  the  defeat  of  : 
the  Britons  he   was  set  at    liberty,  and   came   to  Cajsar  with  those 
heads  of  tribes  who  voluntarily   laid   down    their   arms    after  their 
unsuccessfiil  attempt  to  oppose  the  Roman  landing.     He  was  also 
in   Britain  at  the  time  of  Caesar's  second   invasion,  B.C.  54,  and 
introduced    the    Ambassadors    of    Cassivellaunus  to    him.*       He 
afterwards  returned  into   Gaul,  and  is  said  to  have   been  left  with  ' 
a  detachment  of  cavalry   in  guard  over  the  Menapii,  whilst  Caesar 
proceeded  against  the  Treviri  in    B.C.   53.     In  the  following  year,  j 
however,  he  again  forsook  his  allegiance  to  the  Eomans,  and  became 
one  of  tiie  leaders  of  the   Gallic  league  against  Cassar.      8o  active 
was  he  that  Labienus  attempted  to  take  his   life  by  treachery,  but 
Commius  escaped  though  severely  wounded.     An  anecdote  is  related 
concerning  him  by  Frontinus,^    who  states  that,    on  one   occasion, 
Commius  fled  from    Gaul  to  Britain,  and  only  escaped  from  Ca;sar, 
who  was  pursuing  hotly  at  a  distance,  by   hoisting  the  sails  of  his 
vessels  while  still  high  and  dry  on  the  shore.      The  Roman  General 
was  deceived  by  the  stratagem,  and  abandoned  the  pursuit,  suppos- 
ing that  his  foe  had  embarked  safely. 

In  B.C.  51  Commius  was  again  one  of  the  leaders  of  a  league 
formed  between  the  Bellovacii,  the  Atrebates  and  other  tribes  against 
the  Romans,  but  he  finally  made  his  subjection  to  them,  promising 
to  go  anywhere  and  to  do  anything  that  Antony  prescribed,  but  on 
the  condition  that  he  should  never  come  within  sight  of  another 
Roman  ("nein  conspectum  veniat  cujusquam  Romani "  ^). — Evans, 
p.   151. 

Of  other  matters  in  subsequent  connection  with  the 
life  of  Commius,  history  preserves  a  discreet,  though 
somewhat  tantahzing,  silence.  And  here  it  is  that  numis- 
matic evidence  affords  a  clue,  and  suggests  his  probable 
residence  in  this  country  as  Chief  of  the  Island-Atre- 
bates,  and  other  Belgic  tribes,  settled  in  the  south  of 
England.  It  is,  however,  probable  that  his  reign  in  this 
country  was,  although  prosperous  and  successful,  of  short 
duration,  for  we  only  find  one  coin  that  may  be  considered 

*  De  Bell.  Gall.,  lib.  v.,  cap.  xxii.       *  Lib.  ii.,  cap.  xiii.,  sec.  2.       ®  lb.  lib.  viii.,  48. 


_  THE    ANCIENT    BEITISH    COINS    OF   SUSSEX.  5 

i 

as  belonging  to  him.  But  that  liis  memory  was  cherished, 
is  patent  from  the  evident  desire  of  his  sons  to  perpetuate 
it,  and  to  associate  their  names  with  his,  for  out  of  49 
coins  figured  in  Plates  IV.,  V.  and  VI.,  28  bear  the  title 
CoMMii  FiLius  in  some  abbreviated  form. 

Commius,  then,  it  may  be  supposed,  settled  in  Britain 
about  50  B.C.,  being  sustained  in  his  sovereignty  over 
the  Regni  and  Atrebates,  and  perhaps  the  Cantii,  by 
Eoman  influence,  and  was  succeeded  at  his  death  by  his 
three  sons,  Tincommius,  Verica  and  Bppillus,  whose  coins 
are  found  in  considerable  numbers  in  the  district  defined 

below. 

Any  endeavour  to  assign  some  particular  limit  to  his 
dominions  must  be  conjectural,  but  we  shall  not  be  very 
far  out  if  we  describe  the  area  of  his  territory  as  having 
consisted  of  Sussex,  Surrey,  East  Hampshire  and  Berk- 
shire, with  probably  a  portion  of  West  Kent  as  the 
eastern-most  boundary.  The  capital  of  this  kingdom 
was  Calleva  (Silchester)  as  we  find  the  name  of  this 
town  appearing  as  a  mint-mark  on  some  of  the  coins  of 
Eppillus. 

The  tract  of  country  round  about  Chichester,  extend- 
ing to  the  coast  as  far  east  as  Bognor,  south  as  Selsea, 
and  west  as  Hayling  Island,  is  perhaps  one  of  the  most 
fertile  districts  in  the  kingdom  for  the  discovery  of 
British  remains,  and  as  we  know  from  many  passages  in 
the  Commentaries^  that  the  Atrebates  of  Britain  kept  up 
a  friendly  intercourse  with  the  tribe  of  the  same  name  on 
the  Continent,  we  may  suppose  that  whilst  they  were 
governed  by  a  strong  chief  like  Commius,  to  whose  in- 
fluence and  importance  we  have  Caesar's  direct  testimony, 
no  precautions  would  be  neglected  to  secure  possession 
of  the  strategic  points  commanding  the  line  of  commu- 
nication. 

Unfortunately,  the  few  monuments  that  are  left  us  of 
this  distant  epoch  of  history,  are  so  effaced,  as  to  be  of 
little  use  in  endeavouring  to  read  its  records,  and  we  have 
to  reason  more  by  inference  and  analogy  than  by  absolute 
evidence.     Undoubtedly,  however,    one  of  the  principal 

7  Lib.  iii.,  chap.  ix.  ;  iv.,  chap,  xx.,  xxi.,  and  others. 


6  THE    ANCIENT    BKTTTSH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX. 

means  of  maintaining  a  foreign  connection  would  be  the 
possession  of  a  suitable  port  for  landing  and  departure, 
and  a  glance  at  the  map  will  at  once  suggest  Chichester 
and  Pagham  harbours  as  being  in  the  most  direct  line  from 
the  capital.  Now,  though  some  two  or  more  miles  of  the 
Selsea  peninsula  may  have  been  washed  away  by  the  sea 
since  the  time  when  'this  ancient  route  to  the  Conti- 
nent' was  popular,  and  from  this  cause  probably  much 
valuable  evidence  is  for  ever  lost,  yet  no  part  of  the  south 
coast  has  been  so  fruitful  in  yielding  a  harvest  of  evidence 
of  ancient  civilization  as  those  portions  of  Sussex  and 
Hampshire  bordering  the  Southampton  Water  and  the  j 
harbours  of  Portsmouth,  Chichester  and  Porchester.  ' 

The  political  value  of  this    district  is  increased  by  its 
propinquity  to  the  Isle  of  Wight,  through  which,  we  are  j 
told  by  Diodorus  Siculus^,  passed  so  much  of  the  exported  I 
metal  for  which  Britain  was  justly  famous. 

Regnum  (Chichester)  itself  was  a  post  of  considerable 
importance  in  Eoman  times,  being  a  station  on  Stane 
Street,  and  in  the  time  of  Claudius  the  district  capital  of 
Cogidubnus. 

Our  readers  no  doubt  well  remember  the  stone  found 
at  Chichester  in  1723,  now  at  Goodwood  (described  in 
Vol.  VII.  of  these  Collections,  in  the  "  Monumenta  His- 
torica  Britannica,"  cxix.  124,  Dallaway's  "Rape  of  Chi- 
chester," Horsfield's  "  Sussex,"  and  elsewhere),  which 
bears  a  dedicatory  inscription  of  a  temple  to  Neptune 
and  Minerva  for  the  welfare  of  the  Imperial  family,  with 
the  sanction  of  the  Emperor  Claudius  and  his  tributary 
prince  Cogidvbnus  of  Britain — a  native  potentate  alluded 
to  by  Tacitus  as  "  our  most  faithful  ally  "  ("  cogidumno 
.  .  .  .  isadnostram  usque  memoriam  fidissimus  mansit"). 

Commius  must  have  lived  long  enough  to  consolidate 
his  kingdom  so  effectually  that  his  three  sons  could 
peaceably  succeed  to  his  honours  and  possessions.  It 
seems,  however,  that  these  were  divided  at  his  death, 
and,  judging  from  coin-distribution,  in  the  following 
manner. 

*  Lib.  v.,  cap,  xxii. 


THE    ANCIENT    BRITISH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX. 


Coinage  of  Tincommius. 

We  may  infer  that  Tincommius  was  the  eldest  son,  and 
that  he  took  West  Sussex  and  East  Hampshire  for  his 
inheritance — ruling  over  the  Regni.  The  facts  that  lead 
to  this  conclusion  are  that  some  of  his  types,  and  his  only, 
bear  a  strong  resemblance  to  the  single  specimen  of  his 
father's,  and  to  the  latest  of  the  un-inscribed  series. 
They  occur  also  in  gold  alone,  whilst  both  his  brothers 
struck  coins  in  the  baser  metals  of  silver  and  bronze. 

The  existence,  however,  of  other  coins  of  Tincommius, 
of  far  greater  artistic  merit,  chronicles  the  introduction 
of  classical  influence,  and  marks  the  change  which 
occurred  in  the  design  of  the  whole  ancient  British  series, 
as  dating  from  the  reign  of  this  prince. 

The  origin  of  his  name  has  given  rise  to  much  specula- 
tion. Mr.  Roach  Smith,  in  Vol.  i.  of  the  "  Collectanea 
Antiqua,"  draws  attention  to  the  word  tin  as  being  syno- 
nymous with  DUN,  signifying  a  hill,  and  quotes  several 
instances  of  its  occurrence  as  a  prefix  both  in  Gaul  and 
Britain,  as  Tincontium  and  Tinurtium  in  the  former ; 
in  the  latter,  Tindolana  and  Tmtagium.  But  whatever 
its  derivative  signification,  it  is  evident  that  in  the  present 
instance  it  is  intended  for  a  patronymic. 

The  difficulty  of  inquiry  into  Celtic  literature  has  pre- 
vented the  writer  from  making  any  exhaustive  research 
for  a  word  in  that  language  resembling  in  form  or  sound 
the  syllable  tin,  and  signifj^ing  the  metal  we  are  accustomed 
to  recognise  under  that  name ;  but  if  there  be  any  such, 
it  is  far  from  impossible  that  Tincommius,  through  whose 
territory  passed  so  much  of  the  ductile  metal  on  its  way 
for  manufacture  into  the  immortal  bronzes  of  Greece  and 
Rome,  may  have  adopted  this  prefix  to  his  father's  name 
to  indelibly  associate  his  own  with  that  of  the  chief 
article  of  export  of  his  dominions. 

Mr.  Evans  draws  attention  to  the  possibility  of  his 
identity  with  the  prince  referred  to  as  Tim.  (See 
"Monumenta  Hist.  Brit.,"  cvi.),  in  company  with  Dubuo- 
vellaunus,  in  the  inscription  at  Ancyra,  commemorating 


8  THE    ANCIENT    BRITISH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX. 

the  deeds  of  Augustus,   and  as  having  been  one  of  the 
suppliants  who  came  to  the  Imperial  throne. 

Coinage  of  Verica. 

The  coins  of  Verica  are  principally  found  round  about 
Guildford  and  Farley  Heath  in  Surrey,  and  we  may  con- 
clude that  the  second  son  succeeded  to  this  central  Atre- 
batian  portion  of  the  kingdom  on  his  father's  death. 
He  does  not  appear  to  have  struck  coins  so  early  as  did 
Tincommiiis,  for  we  do  not  find  any  of  his  types  bearing 
resemblance  to  the  un-inscribed  series  in  any  considerable 
degree,  but  several  exhibit  a  marked  likeness  to  the 
improved  and  later  types  of  Tincommius,  from  which 
they  were  evidently  copied  (some,  indeed,  being  identical, 
save  for  the  inscriptions).  Coins  of  both  the  brothers 
occurred  in  the  Selsea  find,  in  the  numerical  proportion, 
of  Tincommius  96  to  Verica  28,  and  with  them  were  two 
specimens  of  the  youngest  son,  Eppillus. 

The  coinage  of  Yerica  includes  some  of  the  most 
beautiful  types  in  the  whole  range  of  the  ancient  British 
numismatic  art,  and  except  on  a  few  of  the  smaller  silver 
pieces,  a  uniform  excellence  is  maintained  in  their  design 
and  execution.  Remarks  on  points  worthy  of  note  will 
be  found  under  the  technical  description  of  the  plates, 
but  especial  attention  is  drawn  to  Figs.  1,  6,  11,  13,  and 
14,  on  PI.  Y.,  and  Figs.  1  and  2  on  PL  YI. 

Figs.  1  and  11  on  PI.  Y.  exhibit  a  leaf  on  the  convex 
side.  Mr.  Evans  says,  in  reference  to  the  larger  of  these 
coins — 

"  The  leaf  appears  to  be  that  of  the  vine,  but  it  is  hard, 
to  say  whether  this  was  an  original  type  to  signify  the 
fertility  of  the  soil,  or  adopted  from  some  other  source. ; 
An  acquaintance  with  the  vine  might  probably  result 
from  the  intercourse  with  the  Romans,  and  the  permis- 
sion of  the  Emperor  Probus  for  Spain,  Gaul,  and  Britain 
to  cultivate  the  vine  and  make  wine,  implies  its  existence 
and  use  in  all  three  countries  at  that  time.  At  any  rate, 
the  device  of  the  vine  leaf  does  not  appear  to  have  been 
borrowed  from  any  Roman  coin,  but  the  obverse  of  these 


THE    ANCIENT    BRITISH    COINS    OP    SUSSEX.  9 

Britisli  examples  bears  a  strong  resemblance  to  that  of 
some  of  the  coins  of  Selinus."  On  these,  however,  "  the 
leaf  is  that  of  the  wild  parsley,  and  not  of  the  vine." 

Fig.  6,  on  PI.  Y.,  is  the  interesting  coin  found  at  Selsea, 
whose  legend,  com.  filf.,  determined  the  controversy  that 
had  long  existed  on  the  somewhat  obscure  terms  com.  f. 
and  TASC.  f.,  so  frequently  met  with.  Its  discovery  was 
imost  important  for  British,  numismatics,  and  it  fully  con- 
firmed the  views  of  Dr.  Birch  and  Mr.  Evans,  who  had 
imaintained  that  these  inscriptions  should  be  read  commii. 
FiLius  and  TASCiovANi.FiiJUS,  and  thoroughly  disposed  of 
ithe  suggestions  that  emanated  from  certain  learned 
^sources,  that  the  words  stood  for  the  '"community  of  the 

iFlEBOLGS,"    &C.,  &C. 

Figs.  13,  Plate  V.,  bears  a  laureated  head  on  its  obverse, 
drawn  after  the  model  of  the  Imperial  heads  on  the 
Roman  coinagfe.  This  head  bears  a  strono^er  resemblance 
to  that  of  Claudius  than  to  any  other  Emperor,  but  it  is 
not  unlike  AuQ-ustus :  and  as  the  date  of  the  coin  agfrees 
with  his  reign,  and  not  with  that  of  Claudius,  it  is  pro- 
bably intended  for  the  former  Emperor,  if  it  is  not  the 
tributary  prince  himself.  But  on  this  point  obscurity 
must,  perhaps,  for  ever  rest. 

Plate  v.,  fig.  14,  and  Plate  VI.,  figs.  1  and  2,  bear  a 
jsemi-draped  figure,  seated  iti  a  curule  chair,  holding  a 
''hasta  in  her  hand,  probably  derived  from  one  of  the 
consular  coins  of  the  Porcia  family. 

;  It  is  interesting  to  note  the  first  occurrence  of  this 
figure  as  connected  with  Britain.  Soon  after — under 
itlie  Antonines — with  slight  modifications  (such  as  chang- 
ing the  hasta  for  a  military  ensign,  and  replacing  the 
Icurule  chair  by  a  rock),  the  design  became  emblematic 
of  the  province.  Its  existence  on  the  copper  coinage  of 
the  present  day  is  familiar  to  us  all. 

Coinage  of  Eppillus. 

The  coins  of  the  third  and  youngest  son,  Eppillus,  are 
considerably  less  numerous  than  those  of  the  two  elder 
brothers,  and  as  they  are  found  principally  in  Kent,  a 
detailed  description  of  them  is  foreign  to  the  object  of 

XXX.  0 


10  THE   ANCIENT   BRITISH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX. 

this  paper.  But  tlie  intimate  relation  between  the  three 
brothers,  together  with  the  discovery  of  two  coins  be- 
longing to  this  prince,  with  those  of  his  relatives  at 
Selsea,  prevent  our  entirely  passing  him  over. 

The  coin  figured  Plate  VI.,  No.  17  (Evans,  PI.  IV.,  fig. 
1),  seems  to  have  been  issued  under  the  joint  authority 
of  the  brothers,  as  it  bears  a  legend  which  is  interpreted 
as  the  contracted  forms  of  their  three  names  ;  t  c  for 
Tincommius,  vi  for  Verica,  and  e  p  for  Eppillus.  It  was 
found  in  Kent,  and  passed  from  the  Faussett  Collection 
into  the  British  Museum,  and  is  exhibited  here  merely  as 
an  illustration  of  the  probable  fraternal  association  in 
sovereignty.  Another  coin  (Evans,  PI.  III.,  fig.  7),  having 
a  Capricorn  reverse,  bears  the  conjoined  names  of  Verica 
and  Eppillus. 

This  latter  prince  probably  first  succeeded  to  the  rule 
of  the  Cantii,  and  afterwards  to  a  co-sovereignty  w4th 
Verica  over  the  Atrebates  and  Cantii.  This  view  is 
supported  by  the  Silchester  mint-mark,  cai-lkv  (Calleva) 
appearing  on  the  coins  of  Eppillus  ;  and  if  his  money 
was  current  in  Kent,  at  Silchester  and  on  the  Selsea 
promontory  at  one  and  the  same  time,  he  must  have  at 
last  gathered  under  his  sway  a  district  quite  as  large,  if 
not  more  extensive,  as  that  ruled  by  Commius  when  at 
the  zenith  of  his  popularity. 

We  find  the  word  rex,  "the  title  usually  applied  by 
Cfesar  and  otlier  Roman  historians  to  the  petty  princes 
of  the  various  British  tribes,"  appearing  on  the  coins 
both  of  Verica  and.  Eppillus,  and  in  the  case  of  the  latter 
king  connected   vdth  the  name  of  his    capital,  Calleva. 

liEX.    CALLE. 

COMMITS? 
PLATE  IV.— FIG.  1. 

Evans,  PI.  I.^Jig.  10. 

N  82-83  grains. 

Obv. — Portions  of  the  laureated  bust  (as  on  Plate  I.,  fig.  8)  to  the 
right;  on  the  dexter  side,  above  the  decoration  of  the  neck, 
is  an  object  like  the  head  of  a  serpent. 


THE    ANCIENT    BBITISH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX.  11 

Rev. — MMIOS.  Three-tailed  horse  to  the  right  ;  beneath,  a  wheel  ; 
above,  a  trefoil  ornament.  Some  specimens  show  an  arm 
terminating  in  a  crescent  and  pellet  above  the  tail  of  the 
horse,  and  an  oval  ring  ornament  below. 

A  coin  of  this  type  has  been  found  at  Cackham,  and 
is  in  the  possession  of  James  Grorham,  Esq.,  of  that 
place.  There  are  also  two  in  Mr.  Evans'  Cabinet,  but  it 
is  not  known  where  they  were  found.  Others  very 
similar,  but  without  inscriptions,  have  been  discovered 
on  Farley  IJeath. 


\ 


TINCOMMIVS. 
PLATE  IV.— FIG.  2. 
Evans,  PL  I.,  fig.  11. 

N"  about  85  grains. 

Obv. — Portions  of  lanreated  bust  to  the  right,  as  on  No.  1  ;  there  is, 
however,  a  small  annulet  at  the  end  of  one  of  the  open 
crescents. 

Rev.— TING.  COMMI.  F.  Barbarous  three-tailed  horse  to  the 
right;  above,  a  triangle  of  pellets,  or  annulet;  below,  a  ring 
ornament,  and  an  annulet  ;    behind,  a  ring  ornament. 

This  coin  is  in  the  Hunter  Collection  at  Griasgow ;  but 
its  place  of  finding  is  not  known. 

PLATE  IV.— Fia.  3. 

Evans,  PL  I.,  fig.  12. 

N  83  grains. 

Obv. — Portions  of  laureated  bust  as  on  No.  1. 

Rev. — Rude,  three-tailed  horse  to  the  right;  above,  TIN;  in  front, 
DV  (?)  ;  above  the  horse,  a  crescent  and  a  pellet;  below,  a 
wiieel  aiid  a  crescent ;  in  front,  another  crescent ;  behind,  an 
oval  ring  ornament.  There  are  traces  of  a  beaded  circle  having 
surrounded  the  whole. 

It  has  been  suggested  (Evans,  p.  162)  that  the  letters 
D  V,  which  are  seen  in  front  of  the  horse  on  this  speci- 
men, are  part  of  the  name  of  a  town  such  as  D  V  robrivae, 
or  Sorbio  DV'num.     But  they  are  hardly  distinct  enough 


.1.2  •  THE    ANCFENT    BRITISFI    COIXS    OF    SUSSEX. 

on  the  coin  to  render  safe  any  speculation  on  tliis  matter. 
The  type  has  occurred  at  Steyuing,  Alfriston,  and  Selsea. 

The  three  coins  just  described  are  the  hnks  connect- 
ing the  anepigraphous  with  the  inscribed  series  ;  hence- 
forth we  find  well-drawn  designs  replacing  the  barbarous 
British  attempts. 

The  five  following  specimens  resemble  one  another 
very  closely,  and  are  also  very  similar  to  the  types  of 
Verica,  PI.  Y.,  2,  3,  and  4.  "  The  design  of  the  charg- 
ing horseman  may  have  been  copied  from  the  reverse  of 
the  denarii  of  the  Crepusia  family,  as  figured  by  Cohen 
xvi."    (Evans,  p.  163.) 

PLATE  IV.— FIG.  4. 
Evans,  PL  I.,  Jig.  14. 

j^^  81  grains. 

Obv. — Convex  :   COM-  F  on  a  sunk  tablet. 

Eev. — Horseman,  with  javelin,  to  the  right;  below,  TIN;  behind  the 
horseman,  a  star ;  behind  the  horse,  three  pellets  joined  in  a 
triangular  form;  the  whole  within  a  coarse-beaded  circle. 

Foimd  at  Alfriston,  together  with  Nos.  3  and  7. 

PLATE  IV.— Fia.  5. 
Evana,  PI  I.,  Jig.  13. 

N  82  grains. 

Obv. — Convex  :  TINC  on  a  sunk  tablet. 

Hey. — Horseman  poising  a  javelin,  and  charging  to  the  right  ;  below, 
•C*  F. ;  above,  a  star  of  six  points  ;  the  whole  within  a  beaded 
circle. 

Found  at  Wittering,  also  in  Hampshire. 

PLATE  IV.— FIG.  6. 
Evans  PL  II.,  Jig.  8. 

-AT"  76  grains. 

Obv. — As  on  No.  5,  except  that  the  letters  TING  are  rather  smaller, 
and  less  regularly  formed. 


TLIV. 


TINCOMMIUS 


%^ 


r 


toW)^ 


INSCRIBED    SERIES 


THE    ANCIENT    DEITISTI    COINS    OF    SUSSEX.  13 

Rev. — As  on  No.  5,  but  without  the  star  in  the  field  ;  above,  the  horse- 
man, and  with  a  large  C  beneath  the  horse. 

This  is  a  variety  of  the  preceding  coin  ;  the  difference 
being  that  the  star  is  absent,  and  that  the  letter  C  stands 
a,lone  without  the  sequent  F. 

PLATE  IV.— FIG.  7. 
Euans,  Fl.  If.,  Jig.  1. 

j^^  83  grains. 

Obv. — Convex  :  COM  on  a  sunk  tablet. 

Eev. — TIN  below  a  charging  horseman,  as  on  No.  4. 

Found  at  Alfriston. — A  variety  of  No.  4. 

PLATE  lY.— FIG.  8. 
Evans,  PL  11,,  jig.  7. 

M 

Obv. — COM  on  a  sunk  tablet. 

Rev. — As  on  Nos.  4  and  7,  but  with  the  star  lower  in  the  field. 

This  coin  was  found  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Win- 
chester, and  is  described  in  the  proceedings  of  the 
Num.  Soc.  of  April,  1843,  as  being  of  brass.  It  is 
probably  an  ancient  forgery.  A  bronze  coin  plated  with 
gold  of  Tasciovanus,  the  father  of  Cunobelin  (the  Cym- 
beline  of  Shakespeare)— of  the  type  Evans,  PI.  Y .,  fig. 
11 — was  found  near  Chichester  some  time  ago.  Other 
instances  of  counterfeits  are  not  wanting  to  show  that 
even  in  these  early  times  some  persons  were  dishonest 
enough  to  attempt  to  palm  off  worthless  imitations  on 
the  unwary. 

PLATE  IV. -FIGS.  9  and  10. 

Num.  Chron.,  N.8.,  Vol.  xvii.,  PI.  x.,Jigs.  1   and  2. 

^15  grains,  sp.  gr.  11. 

Obv. — TINC.  on  a  raised  tablet ;  above,  C. ;  below  A, 
i     Rev. — Full-faced  head  of  Medusa  in  high  relief. 


14  THE    ANClExNT    BRITISH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX. 

The  marked  superiority  of  design  in  Fig.  9  over  that 
in  Fig.  10  cannot  fail  to  strike  even  the  most  casual 
observer.  1  have  seen  twenty  coins  of  this  type  which 
may  be  all  distinctly  referred  to  one  model  or  the  other ; 
there  is  no  gradation  of  type.  Fig.  9  is  as  fine  in  work- 
manship as  some  of  the  best  Roman  coins,  and  it  is 
difficult  to  believe  that  it  was  executed  by  a  barbarian. 
Fig.  10  is  much  inferior,  and  is  probably  a  provincial  copy. 

Attention  must  also  be  drawn  to  the  fact  that  the 
letters  C  A  appear  above  and  below  the  tablet,  not  C  F, 
as  was  formerly  supposed.  Can  this  be  intended  for  the 
first  part  of  the  word  Calleva  ?  or  are  the  letters  the 
initials  of  Calleva  Atrebatum  ?  In  either  case  it  would 
suggest  that  Calleva  was  the  capital  of  Tincommius  as 
well  as  of  Eppillus,  and  would  tend  to  confirm  the  view 
of  his  rule  over  that  tribe. ^ 

Both  varieties  weigh  from  14  to  15 1  grains,  and  are 
pretty  constant  in  the  specific  gravity  of  ll.^** 

Mr.  Evans  believes  this  type  to  have  originated  in  the 
design  on  the  reverse  of  Plate  II.,  fig.  14.  He  says  (p. 
166)— 

"  The  type  of  the  obverse  is  thoroughly  British  in 
character,  though  of  good  workmanship ;  while  the  type 
of  the  reverse  ajDpears  to  be  purely  classical,  and  may  be 
appealed  to  as  an  evidence  of  the  influence  of  foreign 
artists  upon  our  native  coinage."  j! 

"  The    question  arises,  in    wdiafc   manner    are  we    to ' 
account  for  such  a  subject  appearing  on  a  British  coin  ? 
We  find  the  head  of  Medusa  both  on   Sicilian  and  on 
Eoman  Consular  coins,  but  from   none  of  these  does  the 

present  example  appear  to  have  been  taken There 

is  little  doubt  that  about  the  period  when  the  Inscribed  j 
coinage  of  Tincommius  commenced,  Roman  artists ; 
were  employed  in  the  British  mints." 

"  This  new  school  of  engravers  did  not,  however, 
immediately  introduce  new  types  or  forms  of  coins,  but 
continued  to  strike  the  coins  upon  the  old  model,  as  far 
as  regarded  their  usually  dished  shape,  and  merely  modi- 

"  On  one  coin  the  letter  B  occurs  in  lo  These  smaller  pieces  are  intended 

the  place  of  A.  for  quarters  of  the  larger. 


THE    ANCIENT    BRITISH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX.  15 

fiecl  and  adapted  tlie  existing  types ;  as,  for  instance,  by 
placing  an  inscribed  tablet  on  what  bad  formerly  been 
the  plain  convex  side,  and  converting  the  rude  horse  on 
the  reverse  into  a  well-formed  equestrian  figure." 

"  Now,  among  the  coins  found  at  Bognor  in  company 
with  this  coin  of  Tincommius,  were  many  coins  of  the 
game  module,  belonging  to  the  old  un-inscribed  series, 
and  among  these  it  is  but  natural  to  look  for  the  proto- 
type of  the  present  coin." 

"  The  obverse  presents  no  dijSiculty,  but  the  deriva- 
tion of  the  reverse  is  not  at  first  sight  quite  so  apparent, 
but  any  one  who  will  examine  the  reverse  of  the  coin, 
Plate  E,  fig.  10  (Plate  II.,  fig.  14,  in  this  paper)  will  sea 
how  readily  the  device  upon  it  assumes  the  form  of  a  full 
facer 

"  But  in  addition  to  this,  the  central  tree-like  object 
kvhich  forms  the  nose  expands  at  the  top  into  two  wing- 
Ihke  projections  occupying  just  the  position  of  the  wings 
labove  the  forehead  of  Medusa.  And  I  cannot  but 
jcome  to  the  conclusion  that  the  head  of  Medusa  was 
!3uggested  to  the  mind  of  the  engraver  by  some  of  these 
jrude  coins,  and  the  original  device  was  improved  by 
lim  into  a  subject  more  in  accordance  with  classical 
mythology"  (Evans,  p.  168). 

The  foregoing  is  the  opinion  of  the  highest  authority 
3n  British  coins  of  our  day ;  but  it  is  not  to  be  expected 
jbhat  those  of  us  who  have  not  had  the  advantage  of  so 
jextended  and  varied  an  experience  with  this  class  of 
aumismatics  can  see  the  derivation  quite  so  readily. 

The  type  has  been  found  at  Bognor  and  Selsea  only. 

PLATE  IV.— FiaS.  11  AND  12. 

Evans,  PL  IF.,  figs.  2  atid  3. 

M  15-18  grains. 

Obv. — TINCOM  in  one  case,  NCOM  in  the  other,  and  a  zigzag 
ornament,  in  the  spaces  between  three  corded  lines  across  tlie 
field. 

Rev. — Horse  to  the  left ;  above,  a  wheel  and  an  annulet ;  in  front, 
three  annulets  braced  ;   below,  a  horseshoe  ornament. 


10  THE    ANCIENT    BRITISH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX. 

Found  at  Selsea.  One  is  said  to  have  been  discovered 
in  Westmoreland,  but  bow  it  travelled  so  far  is  an 
unsolved  mystery. 

This  type  confirms  the  reading  of  the  name  Tmcom- 
mius,  as  it  is  the  only  instance  of  its  occurring  in  a  more 
extended  form  than  TING. 


PLATE  lY.— FIG.  13. 

Evajis,  PL  IL,  Jig.  5. 

J^  18  grains. 

Obv. — COM.  F.  on  a  sunk  tablet. 

l^EV. — TIN,  above  a  bridled  horse  kneeling  to  the  right ;    the  whole 
within  a  beaded  circle. 

Found  at  Bognor  and  Selsea. 

PLATE  IV.— FIG.  14. 

2<um.  Chro7i.,  N.S.,  Vol.  xvii.,   Plate  x.,Jig.  3. 

J^  weight  15i  grains,  sp.  gr.  11-5. 

Obv. — Same  as  last. 

Rev. — Same  as  last,  with   exception  of  a  reversed   C  below  the  horse, 
which  appears  more  lively  than  on  No.  13. 

Found  at  Selsea. 

PLATE  IV.— FIG.  15. 

Num.  Ghron.,  N.S.,  Vol.  xvii.,  Fl.  x.,  fig.  4. 
J^  weight  15  grains,  sp.gr.  12'o. 

Obv. — TIN,  on  a  sunk  tablet. 

Eev. — An  undescribed  animal,  with  mane  erect,  salient,  to  the  left. 

Found  at  Selsea. 


I 


TLV. 


VERICA 


N       #^A 


Z'^, 


%-r 


^'ll^StC, 


I  N  S  CRIBED    SERIES 


THE    ANCIENT    BlUTIfeH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX.  17 

PLATE  lY.— Fia.  16. 
Evmis,  PL  IL.fig.  6. 

j^^  weiglit  \Q^  grains. 
Obv.— COM-F.  on  a  sunk  tablet. 

Rev. — Bridled  horse  prancing  to   the  right;   below,  TI  ;    above,  X 
The  whole  within  a  beaded  circle. 

Found  at  Selsea,  and  at  Kingston  in  Surrey. 

PLATE  IV. -FIG.  17. 

Num.  Ghron.,  N.S.^   Vol.  xvii.,  Plate  x.,  Jig.  5. 

^  weight  16  grains,  sp.  gr.  11'5. 
Obv.— COM-F.  on  a  sunk  tablet. 
Rev. — TI  above,  and  C  below  ;  a  hridled  horse  galloping  to  the  left. 

Found  at  Selsea. 

PLATE  IV.— FIG.   18. 

Num.  Ghron.,  N.S.,  Vol.  xvii.,   PL  x.,  Jig.  6. 

N  \b  grains,  sp.  gr.  12. 

Obv. — COMF  on  a  sunk  tablet. 

Rev.  —  T.  above  ;  a  bridled  horse  prancing,  to  the  left. 

Found  at  Selsea. 

There  is  a  great  similarity  between  the  last  six  coins 
(No.  15  excepted).  They  all  bear  the  sunk  tablet,  with 
its  filial  inscription  on  the  obverse,  and  a  prancing  horse 
and  the  King's  name  on  the  reverse;  the  positiou  ot  the 
horse  and  the  different  forms  of  abbreviation  of  the 
name  constituting  what  difference  there  is. 

VEKICA,  OR  VIRICA. 
PLATE  v.— FIG.  1. 

Evans,  PL  IP,  Jig.   9. 

N  weight  82  grains. 
Obv. — VI — RI  ;  on  either  side  an  expanded  leaf  (oak,  maple,  or  vine). 
Rev. — CO.  F.      Horseman  leaping  to  the  right.      From  other  sp^ti- 
XXX.  D 


18  THE    ANCIENT    BRITISH    COINS    UP    SUSSEX. 

mons  it  is  seen  that  the  horse  is  springing  from  a  stage 
beneath  his  hind  feet,  another  similar  stage  being  under  bis 
forefeet.  The  horseman  carries  behind  him  a  long  oval  pomted 
shield  and  a  spear.  The  whole  is  enclosed  withiu  a  beaded 
circle. 

Remarks  on  this  coin  have  been  already  made.  It  is 
not,  perhaps,  so  early  a  type  as  the  three  immediately 
following  it,  resembling  so  closely  those  of  Tincommius, 
but  i  have  placed  it  first  as  being  the  most  remarkable 
in  feature. 

The  type  has  been  found  at  Pagham  and  Shoreham  in 
Sussex,  and  at  Romsey  in  Hampshire. 


PLATE  Y.— Fia.  2. 

Evans,  PL  IL,  fg-  14. 

A^  81  grains. 

Obv. —  CO.M.F.  on   a  snnk  tablet,  with  a  raised  border  ;    above  and 
below,  a  ring  ornament. 

Eev. — VI R  (?)  :  a  horseman  to    the  right  in  the  act  of  discharging  a 
dart  ;  behind,  a  star  of  dots  ;   below  the  horse,  a  small  cross. 

The  place  of  finding  of  this  coin  is  not  known.  It 
differs  from  the  two  next  coins  in  having  a  ring  orna- 
ment above  and  below  the  sunken  tablet.  In  this  par- 
ticular it  resembles  the  small  coins  figs.  9  and  10. 


PLA.TE  v.— FIG.  3. 

Evcms,  PL  II.,  fig.  11. 

j^''  80  grains. 

Obv.— COMF  on  a  snnk  tablet. 

Rev. — VIR  beneath  a  horseman  charging  to  the  right  about  to  dis- 
charge a  dart,  as  on  No.  2,  except  that  the  lance  is  not  hoxi- 
zontal  ;  behind,  a  star  of  six  points. 

Also  a  coin  with  no  history  of  discovery.  It  is  now: 
in  Mr.  Evans'  Cabinet,  having  passed  through  those  of^ 
Dimsdale  and  Huxtable. 


THE    ANCIENT    BRITISH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX.  ]9 

PLATE  v.— FIG.  4. 

Evans,  PL  IT.,  Jig.  10. 

^  82  grains. 

Obv. — COM'F  on  a  sunk  tablet. 

Rev. —  VIR  above  ;  REX  below  a  horseman  charging'  and  apparently 
about  to  throw  a  short  lance  ;  behind  a  lituus-shaped  object,  and 
an  open  crescent  reversed.     The  whole  within  a  beaded  circle. 

The  object  behind  the  horse  may  be  either  a  litims, 
such  as  was  used  by  the  Augurs  (uot  the  cavalry 
trumpet),  or  possibly  a  barbaric  remnant  of  a  portion  of 
the  chariot. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  title  REX  appears  on  this  and 
the  next  type. 

Found  at  Selsea,  and  near  Stevning. 


I 


PLATE  v.— FIG.  5. 
Evans,  PL  II.,  Jig.  12. 

A^  21  grains,  sp.  gr.  11. 

Obv. — Convex  ;  VERIC.COMF  in  two  lines  across  the  field  ;  above, 
a  crescent;   below,  a  six-pointed  star. 

Rev. —  REX  beneath  a  horse  walking  to  the  right;  above,  a  star 
similar  to  that  on  the  obverse.  The  whole  enclosed  in  a 
beaded  circle. 

The  type  has  occurred  at  Selsea  and  East  Wittering 
in  Sussex,  and  on  Farley  Heath  in  Surrey. 

PLATE  y.— FIG.  6. 

Num.   CJiron.,  A'.S.,  VoL  xvii.,  Plate  x.,  fg.  11. 

^16  grains,  sp.  gr.  10. 
Obv. — A  thunderbolt  across  the  field  ;  above,  COM;   below,  FILL 
Rev. — VIR  above  a  horse   galloping  to  the  right;  below,  an  annulet 
enclosing  a  pellet. 

The  importance  of  this  coin  has  been  already  referred 
to.     Two  specimens  have  been  found  at  Selsea,  weighing 


20  THE   ANCIENT    BRITISH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX. 

respectively  16  and  11  grains;  on  the  heavier  of  the  two 
the  horse  and  annulet  are  both  larger  and  bolder  than  on 
the  inferior  variety.  The  thunderbolt  arrangement 
most  probably  had  its  origin  in  the  ubiquitous  wreath. 

PLATE  Y.— FIG.  7. 

Ecans,  PL  II ,  fig.  13. 
N 
Obv. — COM.F  on  a  sunk  tablet  enclosed  by  a  beaded  circle. 
liEv. — VI   above   a  bridled    horse    stepping   to   the   right,   upon   an  I 
exergual  line,  within  a  beaded  circle. 

Found  at  Bognor. 

PLATE  v.— FIG.  8. 

Num.  Ghron.,  N.8.,    Vol.  xvii.,  PL  ^.,fig.  12. 

N  15-|  grains,  sp,  gr.  11-5. 

Obv. — COM-F.   on   a   sunk   tablet ;   above   and   below,   a  penannular 

ornament ;   the  whole  within  a  beaded  circle. 
Eev. — VI  above  a  horse  gallopini?  to   the   right  ;     below,  an  exergual 

line,  and  a  reversed  pyramid   of  pellets;   the  whole  within  a 

beaded  circle. 

Found  at  Selsea. 

PLATE  Y.— FIG.   9. 
Evans,  PL  77/.,  fig.   1. 

N  \'2l;  grains. 

Obv. — COM-F.  on  a  sunk  tablet,  having  a  pellet  at  either  end  ;  above 

and  below,  a  ring  ornament. 
PiEV. — VIR.  above  a  bridled  horse  kneeling  to  the  right. 

Found  at  Bog-nor. 


'&' 


PLATE  Y.— FIG.  10. 
Evans,   PL  IIP,  fig.  2. 

N  17  grains. 

Obv. — COM-F.  as  on  No.  9,  but  without  the   pellets  at  either  end  of 
the  tablet.     The  beaded  circle  is  also  more  distinct. 


THE    ANCIENT   BEITISH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX.  21 

Eev. — VI.  above  a  horse,  as  on  No.  8,  but  without   the  pyramid  of 
pellets  underneath. 

Place  of  discovery  not  known. 

There  is  very  little  difference  between  tlie  last  four 
coins ;  the  points  of  distinction,  however,  though  un- 
important, are  sufficiently  well  marked  to  constitute 
variety  of  type. 

PLATE  Y.— FIG.  11. 

Num.  Chron.,  N.S.,  Vol.  xvii.,  PL  x.,fig.  9. 

^16  grains,  sp.  gv.  11  •4. 

Obv. — An  expanded  leaf  (oak,  maple,  or  vine,  as  on  No.  1)  covering 

the  field.     VERI  reading  outwardly .^^ 
Rev. — Horseman   charging  to   the  right,  holding  on  his  left  arm  a 
round  and  studded  target,  in  his  hand  a  short  sword  ;   l)elow 
t^  the  horse,  R  X  reading  outwardly,  above  ;  F  reading  inwardly. 

"  The  whole  within  a  beaded  circle. 

Found  at  Selsea. 


I 


PLATE  v.— FIG.  12. 

Num.  Ghron.,  N.S.,   Vol.  xvii.,  PL  x.,Jig.  10. 

J^  16  grains,  sp.  gr.  13. 

Obv. — COM-F  on  a  sunk  tablet  ;  above  and  below,  a  crescent,  termin- 
ated at  either  end  by  pellets,  pointing  outwardly. 

Rev. — A  bridled  horse,  of  barbarous  design,  to  the  left;  above,  VIR  ; 
below,  a  wheel. 

Found  at  Selsea. 

PLATE  v.— FIG.  13. 

Num.  Chron.,  N.S.,  Vol.  xvii.,  PL  x.,  Jig.  8. 

^  103  grains,  sp.  gr.  12-2. 

Obv. — (Concave.)       VIRI,  reading  inwardly,  in  front  of  an  imperial 

laureated  bust  to  the  right. 
Rev. — Horseman  with  circiUar  shield  charging  to  the  right,  as  on  No, 

11  ;   behind,  COM.  reading  outwardly. 

^^  I.e.,  the  letters  placed  with  their  When  in  the  converse  of  this  position, 
bases  to  the  edge  of  the  coin  and  their  inscriptions  may  be  said  to  read  in- 
tops   converging     towards    its    centre.       wardly. 


I 


22  THE    ANCIENT    BRITISH    COINS   OE    SUSSEX. 

Found  at  Selsea. 

Small  coins  bearing  the  charging  horseman  have  but 
recently  been  discovered,  though  the  larger  pieces  have 
been  long  known  ;  and  it  is  to  be  noticed  that  the  rider 
is  armed  with  the  round  studded  buckler,  and  not  with 
the  oblong  shield,  with  which  means  of  defence  he  is 
portrayed  on  the  larger  coins. 

The  only  other  instances  of  this  shaped  shield  occur- 
ring on  British  coins  are — 1st,  on  a  bronze  coin  of  Cuno- 
behn,  Evans,  xii.,  14,  where  the  horseman  is  similarly 
armed;  2nd,  on  a  bronze  coin  of  the  same  King,  reading 
also  TASCIIOYANTIS,  where  a  standing  military 
figure  holds  a  round  buckler  on  his  left  arm.  In  this 
case  the  shield  is  seen  in  profile,  and  appears  highly 
convex. 

It  is  also  remarkable  that  the  "  horse  and  its  rider  " 
have,  on  this  and  the  following  examples,  been  transferred 
to  the  convex  face  of  the  coin,  though  (in  the  engravings) 
they  are  figured  on  the  right  hand,  in  order  to  make  the 
series  appear  homogeneous. 


PLATE  v.— FIG.  14. 

Ktm.   Chron.,  KS.,    Vol.  xvii.,  PL  ^.,fg.  7. 

J^  14  grain,  sp.  gr.  IT?. 

Oiiv. — Partly  draped  figured  seated  to  the  right,  holding  the  hasta; 
VEKICA,  I'eading  inwardly. 

Eev. — Similar  to  No.  13  in  every  particular. 

Found  at  Selsea. 

The  device  on  the  reverse  of  Nos.  11,  13,  and  14  is 
identical  in  every  respect ;  in  fact  close  observation 
through  a  powerful  magnifying  glass  seems  to  point  to 
the  conclusion  that  the  two  latter  came  from  the  same 
die. 

This,  taken  in  connection  with  one  of  the  coins  reading 
YERICA  and  the  other  VIRl,  indisputably  estabHshes 
the  identity  of  these  two  names — a  fact  we  have  com- 
mented upon  before. 


jPL.yj. 


VERICA 


1      te-^^J 


^  /.;:-.ny 


1^- 


EPPILLUS 


THE   THREE   BROTHERS. 


COIN  OF  THE    ICENI 
FROM  THE    BATTLE      HOARD 


INSCRIBED    SERIES 


I 


THE   ANCIENT    BRITISH    COINS    OP    SUSSEX.  23 

PLATE  YL— FIGS.  1  &  2. 
Evans,  FL  III.,  Jigs.  5^6. 

JR  19|  and  17^  grains. 
Obv. — VERICA,  a  partly  draped  figure  seated  to  the  right. 

Rev. — COMMTF,  A  sceptre  between  two  cornucopiEe  issuing  from  a 
vase  with  two  handles.  A  beaded  circle  encloses  the  device  on 
both  obverse  and  reverse. 

The  first  of  these  coins  was  found  at  Richborough  in 
Kent,  the  second  at  Farley  Heath.  The  reverse,  unin- 
tentionally engraved  on  the  left  instead  of  the  right,  is 
the  same  as  on  the  gold  coin  from  Selsea,  PL  IL,  fig.  14. 
The  device  of  the  horns  of  plenty  on  the  obverse  can  be 
traced  to  a  denarius  of  Mark  Anthony.  (Cohen,  PI.  iii., 
10.) 


I 


PLATE  YL— Fia.  3. 
Evans,   PL    III.,  fg.    3. 

^13^  grains, 

Ob. — VERICA-   COMMI-F-,  reading   outwardly,  round  an    object 

probably  intended  for  a  circular  shield. 
Eev. — REX  below.     A  lion  running  to  the  right  :  above,  a  crescent. 

This  coin  was  found  on  Farley  Heath,  and  bears  the 
circular  target  on  its  obverse, round  which  runs  the  legend. 
Such  bucklers  of  British  date  have  been  discovered  in 
the  bed  of  the  Thames.  (See  Roach  Smith's  "  Catal.  of 
Roman  Antiquities,"  80),  and  at  Dorchester  in  Oxford- 
shire ("  Archseologia,"  xxvii.,  PI.  xxii.) 

"  The  lion  is  a  frequent  type  on  Gaulish  coins,  whence 
it  is  probably  derived." 

PLATE  YL-FIG.  4. 
Evans,  PL  III.,  Jig.  4. 

^15  grains. 

Obv. — COM-F,  between  two  open  crescents  facing  each  other,  and  with 
a  pellet  opposite  each  centre.  The  whole  within  a  beaded 
circle. 


24  THE   ANCIENT   BUITISH    COINS    OF   SUSSEX. 

EEV.-Uncertain  legend  in  the  exergue,  possibly  VI.  ;  lion  to  the  right 
with  mane  erect ;   above,  a  small  cross.  ! 

This  coin  was  found  at  Albury,  close  to  Farley  Heath. 
The  resemblance  of  the  drawing  to  a  hon   is  not  very 
marked      The  erect  mane  is  somewhat  similar  to  that  ot 
the  animal  on  PL  lY.,fig.  14,  and  is,  perhaps,  more  the  . 
characteristic  of  a  boar  than  of  a  hon. 

PLATE  VI.— FIG.  5. 

Evans,  P.  184. 

JR  l^i  grains,  plated. 

Obv.— A  horseman  galloping  to  the  right ;  at  his  back  a  Pointed,  oval, 
shield  ;  below,  what  is  probably  meant  for  OOMM-J^ . 

Eev.-A  Lorseman  charging,  with  lance  in  rest  ;  below  an  exergual 
line,  a  semicircle  of  beads.  VERICA  m  the  field,  reading 
outwardly. 

Found  on  Lancing  Down. 


PLATE  YL— Fia.  6. 

Evans,  P.  184-185. 

^20^  grains. 

Obv.— A  draped  bust,  apparently  with  a  diadem  and  with  the  legend 
VlEl,  readnig  inwardly  ;  a  beaded  circle  encloses  the  design. 

Eev.— A  seated  figure,  winged  and  draped,  and  wearing  a  helmet ; 
holding  in  her  right  hand  a  palm  branch,  in  her  left  a  sceptre. 

Found  on  Lancing  Down. 

PLATE  YL— FIG.  7. 

Evans,  Page  183-184. 

M 

Obv. — A  bare  head  in  profile  to  the  right. 

Rev.— A  horse  galh^ping  to  the  right ;   above,  YII. ;   below,  CO. 


THE   ANCIENT   BRITISH    COINS    OP    SUSSEX.  25 

PLATE  YI. 

Evans  J  Page  185. 

Fig.  9.     -^5^  grains. 
Obv. — VIRI,  between  two  lines  ;   above  and  below,  a  star  of  pellets. 
Rev. — An  unintelligible  device  of  base  design. 

Fig.  10.     M  5|  grains. 
Obv. — Two  squares  interlaced,  with  a  pellet  in  the  centre. 
Rev. — A  horse  to  the  right,  and  the  legend  (V)IRI,  or  possibly  TI^. 

Fig.  11.     -^  4|  grains. 

Obv. — A  hollow  square,  with  the  sides  curved  inwards  ;  in  the  centre 
a  pellet,  and  opposite  each  curve  a  ring  ornament. 

Rev. — A  horse  galloping  to  the  left;  above,  a  wheel;  below,  a  ring 
ornament. 

Fig.  12.     ^4  grains. 

Obv. — Two  crosses  with  irregular  arms,  intersecting  one  another  at 

the  angles. 
Rev. — Unintelligible. 

The  last  seven  types^^  were  all  discovered  on  Lancing 
Down,  in  the  find  already  referred  to.  Tliey  present  no 
7ery  noteworthy  feature,  the  most  remarkable  being,  1st, 
:he  appearance  of  the  charging  horseman  on  both  sides  of 
N"o.  5 ;  2nd5  the  occurrence  of  such  small  silver  coins ; 
md  lastly,  the  general  coarseness  of  execution  which  is 
mcommon  to  Yerica's  types.  The  existence  of  pieces  of 
noney  of  such  small  value  testifies,  however,  to  a  con- 
liiderable  degree  of  civilization,  and  to  many  commercial 
lecessities  of  the  people  amongst  whom  they  were  current. 

I  PLATE   \rL— Fia.  13. 

Evans,  PI.  E.,  fig.  12. 

N  15-|-  grains,  sp,  gr,  11*5. 

\   Obv. — A  reversed  letter  A  with  the  cross  stroke  downwards ;  or  the 
letters  V  E  in  monogram,  thus,  ^ . 
Rev. — Horse  to  the  left  with  lyre-like  mane ;   above,  a  ring  ornament 
and  annulet ;  below,  a  ring  ornament;   annulets  in  the  field. 

'^  For  a  long  time  in  the  possession       with  the  exception   of   Pig.  7,  in  Mr. 
f  the  late  Mr.  P.  Medhnrst,   but  now,       Evans'  cabinet. 

XXX.  E 


26  THE   ANCIENT   EEITISH   COINS   OF   SUSSEX. 

This  coin  is  classed  by  Mr.  Evans  amongst  tlie  un- 
inscribed,  though  he  does  so  somewhat  diffidently,  b eh ev- 
ing  (what  the  discovery  of  No.  14  has  shewn  ultimately) 
that  this  coin  would  be  proved  to  be  inscribed. 

PLATE  YI.— FIG.  14. 

Rum.  Chron.,  N.8.,  Vol.  xvii.,  Plate  x.,fg.  14. 

^15  grains,  sp.  gr.  11. 

Qbv, Similar  to  the  last,  but  with  the  downward  strokes  amalga- 
mated, prolonged,  and  ending  in  a  pellet. 

Eev. — Horse  as  on  No.  13;  above,  b. 

The  curious  symbol  V  ^'^^7  be  V  E  in  monogram,  in 
the  same  way  that  some  of  the  coins  of  Antedrigus  are 
inscribed,  and  in  which  many  Roman  inscriptions  are 
traced — notably  the  one  at  Chichester  before  referred  to 
— or  it  may  be  a  badly  formed  E  for  Eppilhis.  Con- 
sidering, however,  in  what  number  the  coins  of  Verica 
occur  in  comparison  to  those  of  his  brother,  it  is  probably 
safer  to  assign  it  to  the  former  prince,  especially  as  on 
one  of  the  large  vine-leaf  coins  in  Mr.  Evans's  cabinet 
the  uppermost  transverse  stroke  of  the  E  is  absent, 
giving  a  similar  figure,  L. 

Both  coins  were  found  at  Selsea,  the  former  in  con- 
siderable numbers. 

EPPILLUS. 
PLATE  VI.— FIG.  15. 

Num.  Chron.,  N.S.,  Vol.  xvii.,  PL  x.,f(/.  13. 

j^T  16  grains  ,   sp.  gr.  11. 

Obv. — CALLEV.   across  the   field  ;   above,   a  six-pointed    star ;   the 
whole  surronnded  by  a  beaded  circle. 

Rev.- — EPPI.  above  a  horse  galloping  to  the  right. 

This  coin,  found  at  Selsea,  effectually  established  the 
existence  of  the  Silchester  mint — a  matter  that  some 
people  were  disposed  to  doubt,  whilst  the  letters  CALLB 


THE    ANCIENT    BRITISH    COINS    OP    SUSSEX.  27 

only  were  known.  The  extension  of  the  name  of  the 
town  across  the  field  has  its  parallel  in  the  cases  of  the 
coinage  of  Tasciovanus  and  Cunobelin,  coins  of  the  for- 
mer bearing  abbreviations  of  the  name  of  Verulam,  of 
the  latter  those  of  Camulodunum,  in  similar  positions. 

PLATE  yi.— Fia.  16. 
Evans,  PL  lY.,Jlg.  1. 

tH  18  grains. 

Obv.— EPP  ;   an  eagle  to  the  right  with  wings  expanded. 

Rev.  —REX.  CALLE  ;   an  open  crescent  between  two  stars  of  pellets. 
A  beaded  circle  round  both  obverse  and  reverse. 

There  is  no  record  of  places  of  discovery  of  this  coin, 
ithough  it  has  been  frequently  engraved. 
"  The  eagle  may  denote  sovereignty." 

PLATE  YI.— FIG.  17. 

Evans,  PL  III.,  Jig.  14. 

JR  20  grains. 

Obv. — TC,  VI.     Diademed,  beardless,  head  totheleft,  within  a  beaded 
circle. 

Rev. — EP.  Nude,  winged,  genius  holding  a  wand,  or  sword,  surrounded 
by  a  beaded  circle. 

This  coin  was  found  in  Kent,  and  is  now  in  the  British 
Museum,  and  has  been  already  referred  to  as  having  been 
issued  under  the  joint  authority  of  the  three  brothers. 

PLATE  VI.— Fia.  18. 
Evans,  PL  xv..  Jig.  2. 

JR  20  grains. 

Obv. — Two   open  crescents  back  to  back,  with  two  pellets  between 

r  them  ;    on  their  concave  sides  two  curved  lines  meet  and  form 

t  a  foliated  figure  ;   above  and  below  the  crescents,  a  transverse 

line  with  foliated  ends  ;    and    beyond  these  a  five-fold  wreath, 

the  outer  and  centre  lines  corded,  the  others  plain. 


28  THE    ANCIENT   BRITISH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX. 

Rev. — ECEN.     Horse  galloping  to  the  right ;  above,  a  beaded  ring 
ornament  and  pellets,  and  a  sort  of  laurel  branch  instead  of  a  i 
mane ;   below,   thi-ee  pellets  ;  beneath  the   tail,   two   pellets  ; 
below  the  head,  an  S-shaped  figure  ;  the  E   connected  to  the 
horse's  hind  legs. 

This  coin  is  one  of  the  Battle  hoard,  referred  to  in 
Part  I.  of  this  paper,  but  belongs  to  the  Eastern  Counties. 

With  this  Icenian  medal,  itself  foreign  to  our  county, 
this  Account  of  The  Ancient  British  Coins  of  Sussex 
must  terminate. 

Fresh  discoveries  may,  it  is  to  be  hoped  will,  increase 
our  scanty  store  of  knowledge  of  this  obscure  period  of 
history,  and  perhaps  tell  us  who  were  the  successors  of 
Yerica  and  Eppillus  ;  for  it  is  to  the  period  between  the 
death  of  the  Sons  of  Commius  and  the  reign  of  the 
Emperor  Claudius  {circ.  B.C.  25 — a.d.  43)  only,  that  we 
must  even  anticipate  that  the  range  of  illustration  of 
such  discoveries  might  extend,  and  it  would  indeed  be  of 
an  interest  more  than  common,  were  a  coin  found,'  j 
belonging  to  that  "  our  most  faithful  ally "  Cogi- 
dumnus.^^  j 

It  is  most  unlikely  that  British  coins  continued  to  be 
struck  after  the  final  subjugation  of  the  Island  by  the 
generals  of  Claudius,  as,  when  the  Romans  had  effectually 
estabHshed  themselves  in  Britain,  they  probably  con-  i 
sidered  that  a  separate  coinage  was  a  superfluous  luxury 
for  the  conquered  race,  and  replaced  it  by  one  bearing 
the  image  and  superscription  of  Caesar.  This  view  is 
supported  by  the  numerous  early  Imperial  denarii  found 
on  the  Selsea  coast,  at  Alfriston,  and  at  other  places  in 
Sussex,  in  company  with  British  coins. 

It  cannot  be  said  that  the  character  of  our  first 
Sussex  Prince  stands  out  very  brightly  in  Eoman 
annals,  or  that  it  is  one  on  which  we  can  pride  ourselves 
to  any  great  extent.  He  seems  to  have  served  them 
more  for  self-interest  than  from  friendship,  and  to  have 
kept  but "  Punic  faith  "  with  them,  when  indeed  his  dislike 
did  not  take  the  form  of  open  enmity.     But  we  must 

1*  See  ante  p.  6. 


THE   ANCIENT   BRITISH    COINS    OP    SUSSEX.  29 

remember  that  his  story  was  written  by  an  adversary,  or 
rather  by  a  forsaken  friend,  and  that  we  cannot  credit 
even  Cassar  with  having  been  exempt  from  partiality,  when 
writing  of  the  man  who  had  deserted  him. 

That  Commius  was,  however,  a  man  of  uncommon 
power  we  have  sufficient  evidence,  and  we  know  also 
that  he  had  a  considerable  experience  in  the  vicissitudes 
of  fortune.  At  one  time  holding  a  commission  in  the 
Roman  army,  and  entrusted  with  important  military 
duties ;  at  another,  fleeing  from  his  former  chief — ■ 
branded  as  a  deserter  and  a  traitor — again  received  into 
favour,  and  performing  a  delicate  diplomatic  mission  ; 
afterwards  narrowly  escaping  assassination ;  he  seems 
ultimately  to  have  acquired  so  marked  a  distaste  to  any- 
thing Roman,  as  to  have  determined  to  abandon  active 
interference  in  Continental  politics — always,  even  to  this 
day,  a  TrtXayo?  KttKujv,  a  sea  of  troubles,  to  English 
I  rulers — and  to  have  retired  to  Britain  to  enjoy  a  com- 
paratively peaceful  existence  in  his  sovereignty  over  his 
:  former  subjects. 

Of  him  and  of  his  sons  it  may  be  said,  that,  although 

I  "  carebant  vate  sacro," — they  had  no  poet  to  sing  their 

!  lays — yet    in    the    most    memorable    portion    of     their 

[  souls'  frail    tenement  they  still  survive,  and    go    down 

I  the  stream  of  time  with  names,  if  not  indeed  in  every 

one's  mouth,    yet   ever  traceable  by  the   student  in  the 

cabinets  of  the  British  Museum  ;  and,  in  the  younger 

generation,  examples  of  filial  pride. 

Since  the  time  that  these  '  tiny  medals  '  were  current 
coin  of  the  realm,  nineteen  centuries  have  elapsed,  and 
they  themselves  are  almost  unchanged.  Once  the  objects 
of  an  unrighteous  scramble  after  wealth,  they  are  now 
the  symbols  of  the  immortality  of  a  king's  name.  What 
will  another  nineteen  centuries  bring  forth  ?  Would  the 
medium  of  barter  bearing  the  names  of  John  Dunn,  or  of 
Oham,  or  of  Usebebe,  if  such  exist,  excite  as  much 
interest  to  the  possible  antiquaries  of  the  globe  as  it 
then  may  be,  as  these  coins  of  Commius  and  his  sons  do 
amongst  us  ?  Or  will  the  study  of  the  past  then  be  a 
despised   science  ?     Who  can   tell  ?     How  can   we,  who 


30  THE    ANOIENT    BRITISH    COINS    OF    SUSSEX. 

cannot  foresee  what  one  hour  will  bring  forth,  even 
grasp  the  idea  of  nineteen  hundred  years  of  futurity  ? 
It  is  only  in  retrospect,  that  we  can  at  all  measure  the 
immensity  of  time;  or  that  we  can  feel,  with  Seneca, 
"  Infinita  est  velocitas  temporis  ;  quce  magis  apparet 
respicientibus. 


THE  ARUNDEL  CHANCEL  CASE. 

THE  DUKE  OF  NORFOLK  v.  ARBUTHNOT.i 


By  the  editor. 


'■  The  26tli,  and  three  following  days  of  March,  and  again 

the  17th  of  May,  1879,  will  be   days  ever  memorable  to 

Sussex  ArchEeologists.     For  on   those  days,  in  that  clis- 

malest  of  rooms,  the  Court  (or  as  we  should  rather  now 

I  call  it,  the  Division)  of  the   Common  Pleas,   at  West- 

;  minster,   was    being  determined  a  cause   celehre  in  the 

'  annals  of  Sussex  history,    and  the   ownership   adjudged 

( of  one  of  the  most  interesting,  and   best  known,  of  our 

[county  buildings. 

[  The  scene  itself  within  the  Court  was  also,  for  other 
[  reasons,  and  for  the  persons  composing  it,  remarkable, 
'  and  not  easily  to  be  forgotten.  On  the  Bench  sat  the 
Lord  Chief  Justice  of  the  Common  Pleas,  bland  and 
';  courteous  as  ever,  not  in  scarlet,  ermine,  and  collar — 
the  terror  of  prisoners — nor  in^  purple,  the  judicial  attire 

,:      '  Reported  4  0.  P.  D.,  290.  three  Chiefs)  gold  collar,  for  full  dress 

I      ^  It  may  not  be  uninteresting  to  our  days,  such  as  the  Queen  s  birthday,  and 

I  non-forensic — perhaps    still  less   so  to  Lord    Mayor's    Day,    and    for    Crown 

our  forensic — brethren,  to  know  some-  Courts.     One  very  peculiar  item  of  this 

thing  of  the  official  foiZeWe  of  our  Judges,  dress   is  the    "gun    case."      This  is  a 

which  is  a  matter  of  very  considerable  strip  of  red  cloth  exactly  the  shape  of 

nicety  and  etiquette,  and  so  much  con-  a  gun,  only    longer,   drawn    across    the 

f  duces    to    their    "presence,"    and    the  chest  diagonally,  and  then  thrown  over 

estimation  in  which   they  are  held  by  the    shoulder.       2nd,    Scarlet    without 

those  who  are  affected  by  the  outward  mantle,  for  the  Red-letter  days  of  the 

appearance.     Speaking  here  only  of  the  Calendar  (so  conservatively  High  Church 

Common  Law  Judges — for  the  Fusion  and    Archaeological   are    our    Temporal 

'  of  Law   and  Equity  has  not  yet  estab-  Courts,  even   in  these  degenerate  days !) 

lished    (as    probably  it  will,    when  the  3rd,    Black   cloth  with   ermine,    during 

New  Law  Courts  are  opened)  a  complete  the  winter  sittings  in  banc.     4th,  Black 

Bimihirity   of    attirC' — their    dresses   are  silk,   when    sitting   at    Nisi   ri-ius    (for 

five  in    number,    and    consist    of  robe,  which    black   stuff  may   be   substituted, 

mantle,  hood,  and  girdle.     1st,  Scarlet  when  in  mourning  for  a  near  relation). 

cloth  with  ermine,  mantle  and  (for  the  5th,  Purple,  with  shot  silk  linings,  during 


32  THE    AF^UNDEL    CHANCEL    CASE. 

for  the  summer  Sittings,  but  in  solemn  black,  and  solitary 
dignity,  for  he  was  to  discharge,  by  the  agreement  of  the 
parties,  the  undivided  responsibility  of  both  judge  and 
ji^ry — a  compliment  he  by  no  means  seemed  dissatisfied 
with.  To  his  honour,  too,  it  should  be  mentioned,  that 
he  had  gone  himself  to  Arundel  the  day  before — one  of 
the  most  inclement  of  the  most  inclement  long  winter 
of  1878-9 — to  inspect  the  locus  in  quo ;  a  conscientious 
example  to  other  judges,  which  we  wish  was  more 
generally  followed,  and  which  greatly  conduced  to  the 
right  appreciation  of  the  facts,  and  the  righteous  judgment, 
as  it  appears  to  us,  which  followed.  Here  in  the  inner  Bar 
stood  the  leading  Counsel  of  the  plaintiff,  opening 
his  case,  Archibald  John  Stephens — his  erect  figure  almost 
concealed  by  the  ponderous  tomes  piled  in  front  of  him 
— the  hero  of  a  hundred  ecclesiastical  pitched-battles, 
but  then  bowed  down  by  bronchitis.  And  here,  behind 
him,  is  the  favourite  Junior,  Charles  Bowen,  on  whom  the 
indisposition  of  his  leader  will  cast  the  '  Reply  on  the 
whole  case  : '  an  arduous  emergency  (for  a  deal  of  monk- 
ish Latin,  and  many  thorny  'points  of  laAV '  have  to  be 
faced),  but  one  to  which  his  scholarly  Baliol  training  has 
not  made  him  unequal.  "  It  is  an  ill  wind  which  blows 
no  one  any  good,"  and  may  we  not  say,  that  to  the  masterly 

the  two  Summer  sittings  in  ianc.     The  required  to    be — both    sorts   have    the 

dresses,    including    the    awful     square  'coif,' around  black  patch  of  silk  let  into 

black  cap  of  death,  and   the   triangular  the  crown  of  the  head  ;  otherwise  they 

cocked  hat,  like  those   of  coachmen    in  are  plain.      Asmay  be  supjioscd,  ittakes 

their    state     liveries    (except    that    the  a  considei-able  amount  of  lime  and  care 

Judges   carry  them    under    their  arms,  to /iewj)  the  learned  personages — in  what, 

instead  of  wearing  them  on  their  heads  !)  after  all,  are  a  good  deal  like  a  bathing 

are    kept   with    sedulous    care  in  large  woman's  garments — and    present   them 

wardrobes    in    the    various    Courts    at  properly  to  the  public  gaze.  An  amusing 

Westminster,   and  are  handed  out  each  anecdote  is  Lold  of   a  still  living,  though 

day  by  the  Court  keepers  to  the  Judges'  retired    Judge,    who    when    his    clerk, 

clerls,  who   are    the    actual    dresseis.  a  novice  in  the  art,  was  perspiring  with 

The  three  Chiefs  have  trains  to  all  their  nervousness  and  hot  haste  to  bundle  his 

dresses.    These,  when  they  have  not  far  Lordship     into    his    proper    garments, 

to  walk,  they  gather  up  for  themselves  himself   as    cool    as    a    cucumber,    and 

over  their  arms  ;  otherwise,  their  train-  enjoying  his    underling's    discomfiture, 

bearers  carry  them  behind,  at  full  length,  cried  '  Gently,  John,  gently,  take  it  easy, 

supporting    them  off   the   ground  with  John,   take  it  easy,   there   is  plenty  of 

their  finger  by  a  loop.     The  Judges'  wigs  time.'      Whilst  another  learned  Judge, 

are  ot  two  sorts,  "tie,  and  full  bottomed;"  of    exceeding    baldness,    discovered  by 

the  laLier  for  State  or  full  dress  occasions.  some  wag  in  full  costume,  without  his 

If  the  owner  is  a  Serjeant  at  Law — which  wig,  we  have  heard  irreverently  likened 

every  Common  Law  Judge  used  to  be  to  'a  hooded  vulture  !' 


THE    AEUNDEL    OHANCEL    CASE.  33 

manner  in  which  he  conducted  that  very  important 
'  Reply,'  may  be  attributed,  to  some  extent,  that  elevation 
to  the  Bench  which  so  soon  followed  ?  And  here  with  him 
is  his  co-junior,  Waltei'  Phillimore,  in  no  sense  his  inferior, 
except  in  standing,  and  in  ecclesiastical  lore  his  superior, 
quick,  untiring,  penetrating,  enthusiastic,  a  never-fail- 
ing referee  in  the  Canonists,  and  who  delighteth  in  Lind- 
wood,  Ayliffe,  Godolphin,  Yan  Espen;  et  id  genus  omne! 

And  there,  patient  yet  and  self-contained,  and  abiding 
his  time,  but  armed  to  the  teeth  with  argument,  and 
terrible  in  defence,  sits,  on  the  defendant's  side  of  the 
Court,  Arthur  Charles,  confident  and  cheerful,  yet  mind- 
ful of  the  importance  of  the  stake ;  and  with  him  Francis 
Henry  Jeune,  himself  a  tower  of  strength  to  any  eccle- 
siastical delinquent,  and  fresh  from  Martin  v.  Mackono- 
chie,  and  the  '  Bishop  of  Oxford's  case.' 

In  the  '  well '  of  the  Court,  and  scattered  about  it, 
are  the  defendant,  and  interested  and  disinterested  clergy- 
men, and  the  solicitors  (among  whom,  conspicuous,  and 
ever  at  his  counsel's  elbow  to  prime  and  prompt,  is  the 
Duke's  solicitor,  the  well-known  head  of  the  firm  of  Few 
and  Co.) ;  and  burly  burgesses  of  the  ancient  borough;  and 
the  witnesses  (among  whom  you  might  recognise  many  a 
homely  peasant  face,  bronzed  with  honest  toil),  well 
*  coached '  to  swear  the  disputed  building,  '  chancel ' 
or  '  chapel,'  as  the  case  may  be,  and,  of  course,  the 
'  oldest  inhabitant  '  dragged  up  to  town  to  prove 
'  living  memory  ' ;  and  there  in  the  gallery — the  observed 
of  observers — the  ducal  plaintiff,  pleasantly  recognizing 
his  fellow-townsmen  below,  and  as  serenely  indifferent  as 
a  very  large  rental  can  make  one,  against  the  pecuniary 
anxieties  of  the  contest,  and  that  all-important  item  to  the 
less  blessed — its  '  costs  ; '  but  really  watching  the  pro- 
gress of  the  suit,  as  regards  the  main  points  of  it,  with 
as  much  eagerness  as  any  one  in  Court. 

The  question  was  presented  to  the  Court  in  the  form 
of  an  action  of  trespass  by  the  Duke  against  the  Vicar  for 
having  knocked  a  hole  in  the  brick  wall,  which  the  former 
bad  built  up  in  1873  across  the  arch  at  the  eastern  end  of 
the  nave,  which  the  defendant  called  the  Chancel  Arch. 

XXX.  F 


34  THE    AEUNDEr.    CHAKCEL    CASK. 

Tn  tliat  year  the  paTisli  chiircli  was  in  course  of  restoration  | 
under  Sir  G.  Scott,  who,  acquiescing,  it  would  seem,  in  i 
the  ducal  defiance,  and  making  the  best  of  a  bad  job, 
utilized  the  wall  by  placing,  on  the  western  side  of  it, 
the  altar,  and  a  reredos  behind  it.  Of  course  on  such  an 
occasion  it  would  have  been  a  glorious  thing  for  the 
parish  to  have  been  able  to  include  the  chapel  in  the 
restoration,  and  call  it  their  own.  How  noble  a  church 
the  whole  would  then  have  made  !  It  had  long  been  a 
Naboth's  vineyard  in  their  eyes,  and  now  was  their 
opportunity,  if  ever.  The  erection  of  the  wall  thus 
brought  matters  to  an  issue. 

Much  stress  was  naturally  laid  by  the  defendant  on,  and 
the  most  made  by  him  of,  the  apparent  architectural 
unity  of  the  whole  structure.  But  I  do  not  find  that  so 
much  reliance  was  placed  by  him  as,  I  think,  might  have 
been,  on  the  latticed  iron  screen,  itself  as  old  as  the  church. 
This  mode  of  separation  of  Nave  and  Chancel  is  the  true 
test  of  a  properly- constructed  church  of  the  period.  The 
chapel  then  exactly  complied  with  the  requisites  of  a 
legitimate  chancel,  severed  off  from  the  rest,  in  the  way 
in  which,  if  a  chancel,  one  would  expect  it  to  have  been, 
by  the  iron  bars,  '  cayiceJUs,'  which  in  fact  give  their 
name  to  this  portion  of  a  church. 

Many  of  our  readers  may  not  know  that  the  same  word 
gives  the  title  to  our  highest  legal  functionary,  '  The 
Lord  High  Cha7icellor  of  Great  Britain  ' — thouo-h  some 
derive  it  a  cancellando,  from  his  cancelling  the  King's 
writs,  when  granted  contrary  to  law,  according  to  the 
distich — 

"Hie  est  qui  regis  leges  cancellat  iniquas 
Et  niandata  pii  principis  jequa  facit." 

But  what  has  a  Lord  Chancellor  got  to  do  with  '  little 
bars'  it  may  be  asked?  (He  has  a  great  deal  to  do  with 
bar-risters  !  but  that  is  not  to  the  point.)  He  did  not 
peep  behind  them,  like  the  prisoners  in  the  debtors'  gaol 
at  Dover  Castle  used  to  do,  to  'ask  an  alms'  from  the 
wearied  travellers  up  the  100  steps  in  front  of  it — nor 
did  he  take  a  '  private   view '    of  his    victims    between 


THE    AEUNDEL    CHANCEL    CASE.  35 

,       ,  1295847 

the  said  bars,  before  devouring  them,  like  the  grim  Giant 
whom  Jack  killed !  No,  but  they  were  the  'little  bars,' 
we  are  told,  which  fenced  off  the  multitude  from  the 
recess  or  chancel  in  which,  according  to  the  construction 
of  our  primitive  Courts  of  Justice,  sat  the  door-keeper'' 
or  usher  of  the  Court.  If  this  be  the  true  etymology, 
we  can  only  exclaim  with  Gribbon,  "  from  how  humble  an 
origin "  how  great  a  dignitary  has  been  surnamed !  and 
wonder,  that  one  and  the  same  word  should  have  given 
birth  to  two  things  so  little  resembling  each  other  as  the 
ecclesiastical  '  Chancel '  and  the  legal  '  Chancellor.' 
But  to  return. 

This  architectural  integrity  of  the  building  we  will 
give,  firstly,  in  the  words  of  the  Judge  himself,  which 
we  may  not  inaptly  call  the  legal  and  precise  description. 

"  The  church,  regarded  as  one  building,  is  a  cross  church  with  a  nave 
and  aisles,  a  centre  tower,  transept,  rather  shorter  than  would  be 
usual  in  a  church  of  such  proportions,  and,  eastward  of  the  central 
tower  and  transepts,  the  disputed  building,  consisting  of  a  long 
and  beautifully  proportioned  chapel,  occupying  the  place  com- 
monly filled  by  a  parish  chancel;  a  north  aisle,  called,  and  no  doubt 
riglitly  called,  the  Lady  Chapel ;  and  at  the  N.E,  corner,  a  room 
probably  originally  used  as  a  sacristy,  now  disused,  but  which  was 
for  many  years  used  as  a  schoolroom,  and  as  the  place  where  the 
elections  to  the  office  of  Mayor  certainly,  and  I  think  to  other 
offices  in  the  Corporation  of  Arundel,  habitually  were  held," 

The  following  description  of  the  church  is  from  Mr. 
Butterfield's  evidence  in  the  cause,  and  may  be  called  the 
artistic  and  scientific  description.  Speaking  of  his  ground- 
plan  of  it  as  it  was  in  the  16th  century,  he  described  it 
as  : — 

*'  An  ordinary  cruciform  church  with  a  central  tower,  its  chancel  being 
somewhat  longer  than  is  usual  in  a  parish  church.  There  is  a 
Lady-chapel  on  the  N.  side  of  the  chancel,  and  parallel  to  it. 
There  is  nothing  in  the  church  or  chancel  which  suggests 
architecturally  that  the  so-called  Fitzalan  chapel  was  anything 
else  than  a  chancel,  or  that  it  was  to  serve  any  private  use.  The 
screen  in  the  chancel  arch  is  of  a  much  more  open  kind  than  is 
usual,  and  is  altogether  of  an  unusual  character.  It  is  of  light 
iron,  with  gates  of  an  unusual  width  (Gft.  llin.),  arranged  othei'- 

^  Lord  Campbell's  '  Lives  of  the  Cliancel!ors,'  p.  1. 


36  THE  ARUNDEL  CHANCEL  CASE. 

wise  in  the  usual  manner,  the  whole,  both  screen  and  gates,  being 
transparent  down  to  the  floor.  It  is  of  the  same  date  as  the  build- 
ing. The  old  chancel  screens  in  English  churches  were,  as  a  rule, 
"of'^wood  or  stone,  solid  in  their  lower  part,  and  shutting  off  the 
chancels  much  more  than  this  one  at  Arundel  does.  The  west- 
end  return  stalls  in  the  chancel  overlapped  the  arch  less  than 
usual,  so  as  to  leave  a  good  view  from  the  nave  into  the  chancel. 
There  is  a  rood-loft  platform,  whicli  crosses  the  chancel  arcli  in 
the  usual  position.  It  is  entered  from  an  adjoining  turret,  the 
doorway  on  the  ground  level,  and  the  doorway  of  the  level  of.  and 
leading  into,  the  rood-loft,  being  both  original  doorways.  There 
is  an  unusually  iine  stone  pulpit  in  the  nave  of  the  same  date  as 
the  church,  hollowed  out  of  the  south-west  pier  of  the  tower,  and 
in  the  natural  position  to  suit  a  congregation  which  was  making 
use  of  the  chancel  altar.  The  altar  in  the  south  transept,  some- 
times called  "  the  parish  altar,"  could  have  no  connection  with 
that  pulpit.  It  was  at  the  back  of  and  out  of  sight  of  it,  behind 
one  of  the  great  tower  piers.  It  was  only  suitable  for  a  very 
small  congregation.  It  was  one  of  several  lesser  altars  :  an  altar 
usually  occurred  in  these  old  churches  against  an  east  wall.  There 
was  one  in  the  north  transept  also.  This  altar  in  the  south  tran- 
sept was,  no  doubt,  one  always  at  the  command  of  the  parish, 
which  could  not  be  the  case  at  all  times  with  the  great  altar  in  the 
chancel  of  a  collegiate  churcli  like  Arundel.  The  chancel  altar  at 
Arundel  could  always  bo  seen  by  those  in  the  nave  who  could  see 
the  pulpit.  All  these  features,  chancel,  altar,  chancel-arch  and 
screen,  rood-loft  and  pulpit,  must  be  taken  together.  They  make 
one  natural  and  usual  whole.  It  would  not  be  likely  that  in  the 
14th  century,  the  nave  of  any  chuich  would  be  without  an  altar 
somewhere  in  sight  of  the  people  assembled  in  it,  as  Arundel 
church  would  have  been,  if  the  parishioners  had  not  had  the  benefit 
of  the  chancel  altar.  There  could  have  been  before  the  dissolu- 
tion no  altar  in  the  nave  itself  in  the  position  of  that  lately 
erected  by  Sir  G.  Scott.  The  situation  of  the  chancel-screen, 
rood-loft  and  pulpit,  shews  this.  The  term  '  parochial  altar,' 
applied  to  the  one  in  the  S.  transept,  also  shews  that  none  could 
have  existed  in  the  nave.  The  nave  depended  upon  the  chancel 
altar.  The  Lady-chapel  is  of  the  same  date  as  the  chancel.  The 
great  north-east  pier  of  the  tower,  which  contains  the  staircase,  is 
of  one  date  in  mouldings  and  masonry.  This  pier  is  common  to 
the  chancel  arch,  and  to  the  western  arch  of  the  Lady-chapel. 
The  church  is  generally  of  the  date  of  the  end  of  the  14th 
century." 

It  is  singular  tliat  it  did  not  occur  to  Mr.  Butterfield 
that,  when  he  pointed  out  the  '  unusual '  peculiarities  of 
the  building,  considered  as  one  cJturch,  he  was  putting 
into  the  mouth  of  the  Duke  so  many  arguments  in  favour 


THE    AEUNDEL    CHANCEL    CASE.  37 

of  the  '  so-called  chapel '  :  for,  surely,  if  it  had  ever 
been  a  part  of  the  parish  church,  it  would  have,  in  all 
probability,  possessed  the  '  usual '  features  of  such  a 
part. 

We  will  lastly  give  the  chapel  as  described  by  Canon 
Tieroey,  which  may  be  called  the  historical  or  arch^olo- 
gical  aspect  of  it  : — 

;  "  The  spot  selected  was  the  site  of  the  Priory  on  an  eminence  to  the  west 
of  the  Castle,  and  immediately  adjoining  tlae  Parochial  Church. 
Having  removed  the  materials  of  the  old  convent,  the  Earl  pro- 
ceeded to  extend  the  space  hitherto  enclosed  ;  and  the  new  College, 
thus  enlarged  beyond  the  boundaries  of  it?,  predecessor,  soon  began 
to  assume  an  appearance  corresponding  with  the  magnificence  of 
the  endowment.  It  was  a  quadrangular  structure,  surrounding  a 
square  yard  or  court  partly  occupied  by  cloisters,  and  partly  de- 
voted to  other  purposes.  Oa  the  north  side  was  the  Collegiate 
Chapel,  forming  an  apparent  chancel  to  the  parochial  Church.'^ 
"The  Master's  House  and  the  contiguous  Chapel  of  the  College  are 
(1834)  the  principal  remains.  The  chapel  consists  of  a  single 
pace,  or  nave,  attached  to  the  E.  extremity  of  the  Church,  and 
communicating  with  it,  there  is  an  elongated  pointed  arch,  which 
opens  under  the  bell-tower.  In  length  it  measures  82ft.  6in.,  in 
width  28ft. ;  its  height  to  the  summit  of  the  walls  is  35ft.  Gin. 
"  A  beautiful  window  of  7  lights,  with  plain  mullions,  and  a  profusion 
of  rich  tracery  above,  adorns  the  E.  end ;  four  others  of  similar 
workmanship,  but  smaller  dimensions,  occupy  the  south  aisle,  and 
a  corresponding  one  in  the  norUi  over  the  altar,  with  three  others 
still  smaller,  and  of  a  different  form,  ranged  along  the  north  side, 
immediately  beneath  the  roof,  give  additional  light  to  the  edifice. 
The  high  altar,  with  its  immense  altar-stone  of  Petworth  marble, 
is  still  entire. 
"  On  the  north  side  of  the  choir,  a  low  wall,  surmounted  by  three  pointed 
arches,  which  spring  from  clusters  of  short  disproportioned 
columns,  divides  the  Collegiate  Chapel  from  the  Chapel  of  our 
Lady.  This  building,  though  not  completed  as  early  as  the 
former,  was,  nevertheless,  a  part  of  the  original  foundation,  and 
the  style  of  its  exterior,  no  less  than  the  structure  of  the 
choir  itself,  bears  ample  testimony  to  the  fact  of  its  having  been 
at  least  commenced  at  the  same  period  as  the  rest  of  the  edifice. "° 

In  a  paper  (the  reading  of  which  as  evidence  in  the 
cause  was  stoutly  contested  by  the  defendant,  but  ulti- 
mately allowed),  by  Mr.  E.  A.  Freeman,  on  the  Priory 
Church  of  Danster  in  Somersetshire,  in  1855  (see  "  Pro- 

*  Hist,  of  Arandel,  p.  599.  ^  ib,  pp.  614,  615. 


38  THE    ARUNDEL    CHANCEL    CASE. 

ceedm^^s  of  the  Somersetshire  Ardi^ological  and  Natural 
History  Society,  1856,"  p.  2),  he  refers  to  the  subject  to 
which  he  had  for  a  "  long  time  devoted  special  attention," 
viz.,  the  "architectural  distinction  between  merely 
parochial  churches,  and  those  which  were  conventual  or 
collegiate,  and  especially  of  the  peculiarities  of  those 
churches  in  which  both  purposes  were  united."  And  the 
following  most  pertinent  passage  (to  our  present  subject) 
occurs  in  the  course  of  his  paper  : — 

"  The  monastic   and  larger  collegiate  Churches   of  England   may  be 
divided  into  two  great  classes,  those  which  were  simply  and  wholly 
designed  for  the  use  of  the  monastic   or  collegiate  fraternity,  and 
those  which  at  the  same  time  discharged  the  functions  of  ordi- 
nary parish  churches.     In  the  generality  of  these  latter  cases,  the 
eastern  part,  or  the  choir,  belonged  to  the  monks,  the  western  part,  i 
or  the  nave,  to  the  people.      In    fact,  they   often    formed,   to    ail 
intents   and  purposes,   two  distinct   churches,  and   the  two  parts 
were  often  spoken  of  distinctly,  as   'the  parish  church'   and  the 
'  Abbey,'    or    '  Priory,  church.'      There    was   often    a    complete 
barrier  between  the  two,  and  the  people  had,  what  may  be  called, 
their  own  high  altar  at   the   east  end  of  the  nave.     Now,  at  the 
dissolution  of  the  monasteries,  a  difference  took  place  in  the  fate 
of  these  buildings,  as  distinguislied   from  those  churches   which 
were   wholly  monastic.     'The   latter,  having  been  the 'exclusive 
property  of  the    monks,    became   the   exclusive  property    of  the 
king  and  his  grantees,'  and  were  wholly  destroyed  or  dismantled  at 
their  pleasure.     '  But  when  only  part  of  a  church  belonged  to  the  j 
monks,  and  part  to  the  parish,  the  dissolution  iu  no  way  interfered 
with  the  latter    Hence  it  is  we  find  so  many  grand  churches  imper-  i 
feet ;  the  nave,  as  being  the  parish  church,  was  left  standing,  while  I 
the  eastern  portion,  belonging  to  the  monks,  was  alienated  by  the  | 
dissolution,  and  was  commonly  pulled  down  or  left  ruinous."  i 

After  citing  Arundel,  as  an  instance  in  which  "  the 
monastic  portion  has  been  added  to  the  parish  church," 
he  adds,  in  a  note — 

"  I  could  prolong  this  list  indefinitely,  but  there  is  an  exceptional  case 
of  half-preserved  churches,  for  which  I  cannot  so  well  account, 
where  the  choir  is  preserved  us  the  parish  church,  the  nave  being 
destroyed." 

And  he  instances  among  others,  Boxgrove  and  New 
Shoreham,  in  our  county. 


THE   AEtTNDEL   CHANCEL    CASE.  39 

"  In  connexion  with  the  two  Sussex  examples,  it  is  worth  noting,  that 
at  Winchelsea  the  Friary  has  the  nave  totally  destroyed,  while  the 
choir  exists,  though  in  ruins  :  and  that  the  old  Guildhall  at  Chi- 
chester is  a  desecrated  choir,  whose  nave  is  destroyed.  Winchelsea 
Parish  Church,  and  Merton  Chapel,  Oxford,  are  unfinished." 

A  further  argument  for  the  defendant  might,  we  think, 
also  have  been  pressed  on  the  Court,  arising  from  the 
absence  of  the  cruciform  shape  of  the  church,  supposing 
the  chapel  deducted  from  it.  But  for  the  chapel,  it  would 
represent  only  three-fourths  of  a  cross ;  but  was  an  im- 
portant church  ever  so  constructed  ?  It  must  be  observed, 
however,  that  this  argument  was  met  by  the  hypothesis 
(which  seems  at  length  to  have  been  admitted  as  a  fact), 
that  the  church  was  built,  or  rather  rebuilt,  at  the  same 
time  as  the  chapel,  both  about  1380.  The  College  Chapel, 
therefore,  may  have  been  bnilt  to  form  the  complement  to 
the  cross,  though  its  ownership  was  reserved  to  the  College. 
The  argument  from  the  mere  physical  and  material 
attachment  of  one  part  of  a  building  to  another — its 
apparent  absolute  architectural  unity — had  been  long  ago 
held,  in  a  similar  case  (which,  curiously  enough,  was  also 
a  Sussex  one),  that  of  the  Manor  Chancel  of  Icklesham, 
near  Rye,  to  be  no  necessary  or  even  cogent  proof  of 
actual  unity  of  ownership.  And  although,  in  that  case, 
the  private  chapel  was  a  side  one,  but  here  it  was  the 
continuation  of  the  nave,  that  circumstance  did  not,  in 
Lord  Coleridge's  opinion,  strengthen  the  argument  for  the 
defendant. 

In  the  Icklesham  case  a  bill  was  filed  in    Chancery  to 
establish  a  right  to  a  chancel  as  part  of  the  parish  church, 
against  the  Lord  of  the  Manor,  who  claimed  it  as  appen- 
dant to  the  manor  or  manor  house;  and  it  appearing,  that 
the  chancel  was  an  ancient  chapel,  coeval  with  the  church, 
and  that  it  was  a  private  chapel   erected  by  the  Lord  of 
the  Manor,  it  was  held  that  immemorial  use  and  occupa- 
,  tion,  coupled  with  reparation,  entitled  the  Lord  by  pres- 
cription to  the  perpetual  and  exclusive  use  of  the  chancel. 
I  The  Icklesham  chancel  presented  the  appearance  of  form- 
ing part  of  the  area  and  fabric  of  the  parish  church. 
The  form  of  the   church  was  a  nave  and  two  aisles, 


40  THE   AEUNDEL   CHANCEL   CASE. 

north  and  south,  and  at  the  east  of  these  were  three 
chancels ;  the  chancel  proper,  at  the  end  of  the  nave, 
the  vicar's  chancel  at  the  end  of  the  north  aisle,  and  a 
third  chancel  (the  subject  of  the  suit,  and  comprising  in 
it  one-fifth  of  the  area  of  the  whole  church).  The  south 
chancel  was  divided  from  the  middle,  or  chancel  proper, 
by  pillars  supporting  arches,  and  there  was  no  access  to 
the  area  in  question  but  through  the  body  of  the  church. 
The  nave  and  two  aisles  were  under  one  roof,  the  chancel 
proper  under  another  roof,  at  a  lower  elevation  than  the 
roof  of  the  nave;  the  vicar's  chancel  under  another  roof; 
and  the  south  chancel  under  a  fourth  roof. 

In  that  case'^  V.  C.  Kindersley  came  to   the  conclusion 
that  the  chapel  was  an   ancient    chapel  physically  and 
materially  attached  to  the  church,  and    that   when  the 
church  was  founded,  there  was,  probably  at  the  same  time, 
simultaneously   created  by   the   founder  of  the  church  a 
chapel,  but  divided  from   the  church  by  a  parclose ;  that 
it  was  against  all  probability    to   suppose    that  a  public 
chapel  would  be  erected  adjoining  a  small  country  churchy 
and  therefore  he  was  of  opinion  that  it  Tvas  a  private,  and 
not  a  public  chapel,  that  there  was   evidence  which  satis- 
fied him  that   the   chapel   in    question    was    the   private 
chapel  of  the  lords  of  the   manor  of  Icklesham,  and  ap- 
pendant or  appurtenant  to  the  manor  or    manor  house. 
His  Honour  then  referred  to  several  authorities,  shewing 
that  in  ancient  times  the  founders  of  churches  were  very 
generally  the  lords  of  manors,  and  that  it  was  the  custom 
in  early  times  for  the  lord  of  a  manor,  when  founding  a 
church,  to  found  with  it  a  private  chapel  not  annexed  to 
his  house,  but  to  the  church  itself,  considering  perhaps 
that  it  derived  some  additional  sanctity  from  being,  as  it 
were,  made  part  of  the  church  in  appearance,  and  close  to 
the  church ;  and  it  was  a  common  practice  for  lords  of 
manors,  and  other  men  of  note  in  the  country,  to  obtain 
leave  from  the  Pope  or   Crown  or  Patron,  Ordinary,  and 
Incumbent  (and  the  lord  would  generally  be  the  patron), 
to  annex  a  chapel  to  an  existing  church :  that  this  was 
most  commonly  done  in  the  13th  and  14tli  centuries,  and 

«  Chnrton  v.  FreTven,  2  L,  E.  Eq.,  134, 


THE    ARUNDEL    CHANCEL    CASE.  41 

iu  that  manner  a  multitude  of  chapels  were  annexed  to 
churches,  such  chapels  being  founded  for  the  purposes  of 
private  masses  and  prayer,  and  as  places  of  sepulture  for 
the  families  of  the  founder. 

The  decision  in  that  case  turned  mainly  on  the  ques- 
tions of  immemorial  user  by  the  lords  of  the  manor,  and 
reparation  by  them.  The  latter  ground  did  not, 'it  is 
true,  much  affect  the  Arundel  case;  former  Dukes  have 
indeed  repaired  the  chapel,  and  again  former  Dukes  have 
abstained  from  repairing  it,  and  allowed  it  to  fall  into  the 
state  of  dilapidation  in  which  it  now  is  ;  but  as  the  Dukes 
were  lay  Rectors,  they  were  hound  to  repair  it,  on  the 
Vicar's  supposition  that  it  was  part  of  the  Parish  Church; 
and  therefore  such  repairs  by  them  were  not  inconsistent 
with  his  theory.  But  the  long  user  of  the  chapel  by  the 
Dukes  of  Norfolk  much  affected  the  principal  case,  and 
helped  the  plaintiff  considerably,  as  we  shall  presently  see. 

The  case  we  have  referred  to  was  followed  by  another, 
from  Cheshire,  in  which  it  was  again  held  that  the  free- 
hold of  a  chapel  or  lesser  chancel  may  be  vested  in  a 
private  person,  though  it  form  an  integral  portion  of,  and 
is  under  the  same  roof  with,  a  parish  church. 
I  In  the  course  of  that  case,  Baron  Channell  made  the 
•following  valuable  general  remarks  respecting  the  foun- 
dation of  our  old  parish  churches,  the  alienation  of  their 
sites  by  the  founder,  and  yet  the  reservation  by  him  at 
the  same  time  of  the  soil  on  which  he  contemporaneously 
built  an  adjoining  private  chapel. 

"  A  stranger  on  entering  Mottrara  church  would  naturally  conclude 
that  this  chapel  was  part  of  the  church,  and  it  was  incumbent  on 
the  plaintiff  to  shew  that  the  freehold  of  the  chapel  was  in  him. 
Now,  the  first  observation  that  occurs  on  this  part  of  the  case  is 
this,  Can  there  be  such  a  right  in  a  private  person  ?  I  think  it  is 
clear  that  it  can  exist;  and  it  may  be  acquired  in  several  ways. 
....  These  cases  of  founding  churches  are  analogous  to  those 
of  the  dedication  of  a  highway.  It  is  very  seldom  that  a  grant  of 
the  soil  on  which  the  church  is  built  can  be  found,  but  acquiescence 
in  consecration  renders  the  case  analogous  to  that  of  a  dedication, 
and  the  soil  afterwards  is  vested  in  the  ordinary  or  in  the  rector, 
as  trustee  for  the  benefit  of  the  parishioners.  This  amounts  to  a 
quasi  dedication  to  them  for  the  purpose  of  public  worship  ;  and 
there  are  cases  to  shew  that,  where  there  is  an  acquiescence  in  con- 

XXX.  Q 


42  THE    ARUNDEL   CHANCEL   CASE. 

secration,  the  original  otvner  divests  himself  of  his  property  in  the 
soil.  But  if  on  the  evidence  he  is  shewn  to  have  kept  a  chapel, 
being  part  of  the  church,  in  his  own  hands,  there  is  nothing 
illegal  in  that,  but  it  is  on  him  to  make  out  the  fact,  so  as  to  be 
able  to  maintain  an  action  of  trespass."^ 

Lord  Coleridge  invited  informatioTi  whether,  in  any 
legal  or  historical  document,  an  integral  part  of  a  church 
had  been  ever  called  the  Church.  None  sucli  being  pro- 
duced, he  proceeded  to  dissect  most  minutely  the  lan- 
guage of  the  ancient  deeds,  and  concluded  that  Ecclesia 
throughout  them  meant  the  entire  structure.  With  due 
deference  we  should  have  thought  his  Lordship's  invita- 
tion unnecessary.  How  can  a  part  of  a  thing  be  its 
whole  ?  Pars  pro  toto  is  indeed  a  poetical  license  and 
figure,  but  we  are  here  concerned  with  monkish  Latinity, 
and  prose. 

The  documentary  title  of  the  Duke  may  be  thus  stated. 
The  parochial  church  of  S.  Nicholas  was  the  most  ancient 
ecclesiastical  foundation  in  Arundel.  The  original  parish 
church  has  long  since  perished,  and  no  vestige  of  it  re- 
mains, nor  even  is  its  date,  known.  At  the  Conquest  or 
shortly  after,  Earl  Roger  Montgomery,  the  restorer  of  the 
Benedictine  Abbey  of  Seez,in  Normandy, and  the  favoured 
grantee  of  Sussex  lands  at  that  time,  had,  accord- 
ing to  the  wont  of  the  great  Norman  possessors,  endowed 
his  foreign  monastery  with  extensive  tracts  of  lands  in 
Sussex,  probably  with  some  at  Arundel ;  and  the  monks, 
naturally  desirous  to  guard  their  English  possessions  a 
little  more  closely  than  they  could  from  abroad,  came 
over,  and  settled  some  of  tlieir  body  in  the  immediate 
neighbourhood  of  the  church.  A  grant  from  Earl  Roger, 
in  1094,  enabled  them  to  begin  to  build  their  priory,  the 
foundation  of  which  was  on  the  site  of  a  decayed  dwell- 
ing, probably  within  the  town,  yet  at  a  distance  from  the 
church.  At  first  tlie  priory  existed  purely  as  a  conventual 
and  private  foundation.  But  in  11 78  it  became  associated 
with,  the  more  public  offices  of  religion.  The  rectory  of 
Arundel,  about  that  time  becoming  vacant,  was  annexed 
to  the  Priory  by  Wm.  de  Albini  (the  2nd),  and  thus  the 

'  Chapman  v.  Jones,  4  L,  R.  Exch.,  at  p.  292. 


THE    AEUNDEL    CHANCEL    CASE.  43 

two  establishments  were  consolidated,  the  parochial  beino- 
I  united  with  the  conventual  church,  and  the  two  ever  after 
;  (as  one  might  expect)  denoted  by  one  and  the  same  word 
"  Ecdesiar 

The  former  priory  was  forthwith  abandoned  by  its 
inmates,  and  the  rectorial  dwelling  adjoining  the  church 
was  converted  into  a  residence  for  the  prior  and  his 
monks.  Thus  occupied,  it  continued  during  two  cen- 
turies to  be  known  as  the  convent  or  priory  of  S. 
Nicholas,  as  the  parish  church  was  known,  also,  as  the 
I  Church  of  St.  Nicholas,  till  in  1380,  Earl  Richard,— 
14th  Earl  of  Arundel — executed  the  design,  which  his 
father  had  formed,  of  secularizing  and  unitino-  it  in  one 
establishment  with  a  college,  or  rather  of  dissolving  the 
priory  altogether  and  annexing  its  revenues  to  those 
already  provided  for  the  college,  and  placing  the  master 
and  chaplains  of  the  latter  in  possession  of  the  parochial 
church.  For  the  priory,  notwithstanding  the  increase  of 
iits  possessions,  had  been  rapidly  falling  into  decay.  On 
the  first  appearance  of  hostilities,  the  monks  betook  them- 
selves to  their  parent  Abbey  at  Seez,  to  avoid  the  taxation 
which  Edw.  III.  laid  on  them  to  support  him  in  his  foreign 
iwars  ;  the  convent  was  deserted,  or  left  to  be  tenanted 
only  by  the  Prior;  the  buildings  were  neglected;  the 
ichurch  was  suffered  to  fall  into  ruins;  and  the  parochial 
duties  were  resigned  to  chance,  or  to  the  charity  of  the 
neighbouring  clergy.  "  Prioratus,  divino  pene  cessante 
servitio,  in  eodem  remanet,  quasi  desolatus."^  The  per- 
petuity of  the  College  seemed  to  demand  that  it  should 
be  placed,  unlike  the  Priory,  without  the  precincts  of  the 
Castle,  and  so  the  more  removed  from  the  assaults  to 
which  every  place  of  mihtary  defence  was  hable  in 
those  unsettled  times  :  whilst  its  usefulness  would  be 
more  extensive,  if  engaged  in  supplying  the  destitution  of 
the  priory,  and  the  wants  of  the  parochial  church.  The 
lecay  which  they  had  hitherto  deplored,  say  the  College 
statutes,  in  the  public  service  of  religion,  had  originated 
in  the  absence  of  its  ministers.  Hence  tha  constant 
I  residence  of  the  new    chaplains    within   the  College,    as 

*  Esch.  3  R.  2,  No.  160. 


41  THE   ARUNDEL    CHyVNCEL    CASE. 

well  as  tlieir  regular  attendance  at  the  different  offices 
of  the  Church,  became  of  paramount  importance.  Thus 
then  arose,  in  close  proximity  to  the  church  on  its  eastern 
side,  the  new  collegiate  buildings;  and  thus  arose  from  its 
ruins,  rebuilt  at  the  same  time,  the  new  parochial  church  ; 
and  thus  would,  and  probably  did,  arise,  as  part  of  it,  and 
architecturally  one  with  it,  the  Collegiate  Chapel,  looking 
like  its  natural  eastern  termination — all  under  the  foster- 
ing munificence  of  the  same  benefactor.  Earl  Richard. 
Underthe  influence  of  his  code  the  college  flourished  daring 
more  than  a  century  and  a  half,  performing  the  duties 
attached  to  the  parochial  church,  and  offering  an  edifying 
example  of  virtue  to  the  neighbourhood ;  one  case  only 
of  negligence,  and  that  not  in  the  duties  of  the  parish, 
but  in  those  of  the  choir,  occurring  throughout  that  long 
period. 

Thus  matters  continued  till  Henry  the  Eighth,  when  the 
College  voluntarily  surrendered  its  possessions  to  that 
monarch,  who  in  the  same  ye^v  re-granted  them  in  the 
same  integrity  to  the  then  Earl  of  Arundel,  upon  whose 
attainder  they  became  forfeited  to  the  Crown,  but  were 
re-settled  in  the  same  family  under  an  Act  of  entail  in 
1627  (3  Charles  I.) ;  the  present  Duke  being  the  repre- 
sentative under  that  settlement. 

This  documentary  evidence,  though  not  conclusive 
either  for  the  plaintiff  or  defendant.  Lord  Coleridge} 
thought  sufficiently  "  plain  "  for  the  former.  To  begin 
with  the  founder  of  the  College  and  re-builder  of  the 
Church,  there  is  nothing  in  his  foundation  charter  to 
show  that  he  did  not  intend  to  reserve  to  the  College  the 
part  eastward  of  the  iron-work  screen  (itself  as  old  as 
the  building),  the  erection  of  which,  filling  all  the  arch, 
is  unusual,  and  is  in  itself  evidence  of  such  intention. 
Whilst,  in  an  award  of  the  Earl  and  Bishop  in  1511  (to 
whom  the  College  and  Parish  had  submitted  a  dispute 
about  their  respective  liability  to  repair  the  various  parts 
of  the  church)  there  appeared  to  the  Judge  distinct  proof 
in  favour  of  the  plaintiff's  contention;  for,  firstly,  the 
transepts  are  spoken  of  as  being  between  the  choir  and 
nave   of  the  church    {inter  chorum    et  navem  ecclesi(B)i 


THE    AEUNDEL    CHAXCEL    CASE.  45 

wliich  shows  the  whole  building  was  spoken  of  as  one 
church,  and  next  the  south  transept  was  commonly  called 
the  parish  chancel  {qui  cancellns  parochialis  vulgo  nimcu- 
patur) ;  and  they  charged  the  College,  then  the  rectors, 
with  the  repairs  only  of  that  transept,  and  the  parish 
with  those  of  the  nave,  aisles,  and  north  transept,  and 
the  College  and  the  parish  equally  with  those  of  the  bells 
and  bell-tower — which  was  fair — they  being  used  alike 
for  the  College  and  parish  services. 

The  argument  of  the  Chief  Justice,  as  far  as  I 
can  understand  it,  is  this — '  I  find  in  the  license  and 
dedication  by  the  founder,  I  find  in  the  Award,  Surrender 
and  E,e-grant,  the  word  Ecclesia.  Employed  at  a  time 
when  the  chapel,  as  well  as  the  church  proper,  was  in 
existence,  that  word  is  large  enoagh  to  describe  both,  and 
in  the  absence  of  evidence  that  it  does  not,  I  shall  hold  it 
did  ;  but  that  does  not  prevent  the  ownership  of  the 
different  parts  of  it  being  in  different  hands,  or  the  private 
services  of  the  College  and  the  public  services  of  the 
parish  being  held  in  the  same  church — even  as  the  names 
of  the  two  parts  are  different,  the  parish  church  being 
dedicated  to  S.  Nicholas,  and  the  Collegiate  chapel  to  the 
Holy  Trinity.  I  hold,  therefore,  that  the  founder  built  it 
as  a  whole ;  that  the  award  treated  it  as  a  whole ;  that 
the  College  surrendered  it  as  a  whole ;  and  that  the  King 
re-granted  it  as  a  whole.' 

This  conclusion,  however,  would  seem  to  make  for  the 
defendant,  who  had  laboured  all  alono^  to  draw  from  the 
entiretfj  of  the  fabric  an  argument  in  his  favour.  And  yet 
a  judge,  who  was  delivering  judgment  for  the  plaintiff 
would  not  insist,  for  half-a-dozen  pages,  on  an  argument 
which  would  tell  against  him.  I  conceive,  therefore,  that 
what  was  pressing  on  his  mind,  and  the  scope  of  his 
argument,  was  this:  '  The  same  man  gave  land  to  rebuild, 
or  rather  rebuilt,  the  parish  church,  and  built  the  chapel ; 
and  that  at  the  same  time.  He  was  patron  of  the  former, 
he  or  his  ancestors  having  granted  away  its  site;  and  was 
proprietor  of  the  latter,  having  reserved  to  himself  its 
soil,  destining  the  one  to  the  use  of  the  parish,  and  the 
other  to  the  use  of  his  college.     And  therefore  both  were 


\ 


46  THE    ARUNDEL    CHANCEL    CASE. 

designated  by  the  word  'Ecclesia,'  althougli  the  owner- 
ship of  each  was  different.' 

But  assuming  the  documentary  evidence  not  sufficient, 
the  acts  of  ownership  by  the  Dukes  assuredly  were.  For 
340  years  no  act  of  religious  worship  had  been  performed 
within  the  chapel,  except  the  burials  now  to  be  mentioned. 

From  1691  to  the  present  day  16  burials  of  members 
of  the  Norfolk  family  had  taken  place  in  it.  It  is  true, 
tliat  in  six  of  these  cases  the  coffin  had  been  borne  into 
the  chancel  through  the  nave,  and  the  Church  of  England 
service  was  read  over  it ;  but  in  the  majority  it  was 
otherwise  ;  and  even  that  circumstance  may  have  been 
explained  by  the  deceased  having  died  Protestants,  or 
themselves  or  their  relations  not  objecting  to  the  Protes- 
tant services  ;  whereas,  in  the  other  cases,  the  family  would 
have  been  breaking  the  law  toties  quoties,  by  burying  them 
without  the  service,  and  bringing  them  direct  into  the 
chapel,  unless  on  the  supposition  that  the  chapel  was 
private. 

Again,  vaults  and  interments  and  re-interments  had 
been  made  at  the  pleasure  of  the  Dukes  without  faculty, 
fee,  or  registration. 

Again,  the  Earls  or  Dukes  had  kept  the  key  of  the  iron 
lattice-work,  icliicli  locked  on  the  east  side.  One  hundred 
years  ago  the  chapel  had  a  rich  carved  roof,  which  no 
longer  exists.  The  costly  and  noble  monuments  in  it  are 
in  a  state  of  dire  neglect  and  squalor.  It  had  even  been 
used  as  a  lumber-room  and  workshop,  and  that  access  to 
it,  which  was  denied  to  the  vicars  and  parishioners,  as  the 
Judge  caustically  observed,  "  was  freely  granted  to  the 
owls  and  bats."  Though  the  reasons  of  this  disrepair 
are  known  only  to  the  noble  owners  themselves,  and  are 
seriously  to  be  regretted,  it  is  the  privilege  only  of  an 
absolute  owner  to  use  or  abuse  his  own;  and  what 
stronger  proof  therefore  can  be  adduced,  that  property  is 
private  ? 

Another  circumstance — -which  we  must  call  an  admis- 
sion by  the  defendant — it  was  impossible  to  pass  by  with- 
out notice,  and  without  attributing  to  it  considerable 
weight,  though  we  think  too  much  was  made  of  it — viz., 


THE    AEUNDEL    CHANCEL    CASE.  47 

tlie  periodical  Presentments  of  the  Arundel  clmrcli- 
wardens  at  the  visitations  of  the  Ordinary,  "  that  their 
chancel  was  in  good  repair,"  "  and  the  ten  command- 
ments duly  placed  at  the  east  end."  How  could  this  be 
true,  if  the  chapel  was  part  of  the  church  ?  For  it  was 
notoriously  in  a  ruinous  state  of  non-repair,  and  the  ten 
commandments  were  set  up,  not  there,  but  over  the  south 
transept  chancel. 

It  may  take  illiterate  churchwardens  by  surprise  to 
hear,  that  so  much  may  depend  on  those  answers,  which 
they  too  often  make  thoughtlessly,  and  such  value  set 
upon  them,  as  to  influence  a  great  lawsuit ;  but  if  it  makes 
them  more  careful  how  they  answer  what  is  generally 
regarded  by  them  as  a  mere  matter  of  routine,  the  decision 
will  be  valuable.  A  great  county  case  has,  in  some  sense, 
perhaps  more  than  we  imagine,  been  decided  by  that,  whicli 
is  generally  not  thought  worth  the  paper  it  is  written  on  ! 
Some  of  the  later  answers  were,  it  is  true,  guardedly 
expressed,  but  this  was  held  not  to  countervail  the  un- 
conditional character  of  most  of  them,  to  the  effect 
already  stated. 

The  Duke's  case,  however,  was  not  clear  of  quicksands. 
Two  or  three  points  of  difficulty  had  to  be  met  and  over- 
come, and  might,  at  any  moment,  have  shipwrecked  him. 

1.  The  Lady-chapel  in  a  church  is  generally  considered 
to  be  open  to  the  parishioners.  Some  of  their  devoutest 
services  were  rendered  there.  In  this  case  it  led  out  of 
the  Fitzalan  chapel,  and  formed  a  north  aisle  to  it,  or 
rather  was  separated  from  it  on  the  north  only  by  a  low 
wall,  and  was  built  at  the  same  time. 

If,  then,  the  latter  was  decided  to  be  private,  the 
former,  it  would  seem,  ought  to  partake  of  its  character 
also;  if,  on  the  other  hand,  the  usual  rule  were  followed, 
and  the  Lady-chapel  were  pronounced  parochial,  the  Fitz- 
alan  church  must  be  parochial  too. 

But,  it  was  held  that  the  trespass  was  not  on  any  part 
of  the  Lady-chapel ;  and  no  direct  question  arose  as  to 
that  chapel  itself,  regarded  as  a  separate  building;  and  the 
evidence  of  user  included  it,  and  was  wholly  indistin- 
guishable from  that  of  the  Fitzalan  chapel ;  and  further. 


4S  THE    ARUNDEL   CHAKCEL   CASE. 

in  tlie  award  of  1511,  wliicli  was  evidence  of  what  user 
and  ownership  had  been,  it  seems  assumed,  that  the 
College  was  to  repair  both.  The  facts  proved,  therefore, 
as  to  the  Lady-chapel,  were  held  by  no  means  inconsis- 
tent with  the  plaintiff's  claim. 

2.  Then  there  was  the  difficulty  about  the  Duke's 
erecting  the  wall  complained  of  without  a  "  faculty." 
But  this  depended  on  whether  it  was  on  parochial  ground, 
or  his  own  ;  if  on  his  own,  cadit  qucesfio ;  for  no  faculty 
was  required,  any  more  than  for  the  vaults  or  interments; 
and  the  result  proved  it  was. 

3.  There  was  also  the  question  of  the  Sacristy  at  the 
N.E.  corner  of  the  Fitzalan  Chapel,  since  used  as  a  school- 
room and  place  of  election  of  the  Mayors,  but  now  dis- 
used. 

In  1848  the  Duke  had  turned  the  road,  given  a  piece 
of  ground  to  the  churchyard,  and  built  the  Town-hall ; 
and  by  a  mutual  conveyance  he  conveyed  certain  premises 
to  the  Corporation,  and  the  Corporation  conveyed  to  him 
inter  alia  the  old  School-room  or  Court-house,  and  the 
site.  On  this  the  Judge  placed  little  reliance;  the  deed 
was  only  30  years  old,  and  the  Corporation  expressed 
themselves  guardedly  in  conveying  it;  "as  far  as  they 
legally  or  equitably  could  or  might."  So  far  as  it  went, 
however,  the  transaction  was,  he  thought,  in  favour  of 
the  plaintiff.  No  one  but  the  Corporation  claimed  any 
right  in  the  building  against  the  Duke,  and  if  it  did 
belong  to  the  Corporation,  it  was  another  instance  of  an 
integral  part  of  an  ecclesiastical  building  having,  in  times 
beyond  living  memory,  become  the  property  of  laymen, 
and  been  used  for  purposes  wholly  secular,  and  alien  to 
those  to  which,  in  the  time  of  the  College,  it  had  probably 
been  devoted. 

We  do  not  quite  follow  the  Lord  Chief  Justice's  line 
of  reasoning  here.  He  seems  to  mean  that  if  the  Cor- 
poration— a  lay  body — had  acquired  the  ownership  of  the 
Sacristy — being  part  of  an  ecclesiastical  building — why 
might  not  another  lay  owner — the  Duke — have  acquired 
the  ownership  of  the  Chapel,  another  part  of  such 
building?     This,  of  course,  as  an  a  priori  argument,  would 


THE    AEUNDEL   CHANCEL    CASE.  49 

be  a  good  one ;  but  would  leave  untouclied  the  question, 
whether  the  Duke  had  shown  a  title,  which  was  the  main 
question  ;  nor  would  the  analogy  hold,  unless  he  had  ; 
for,  as  between  themselves  and  him,  the  CorJDoration  had 
by  the  very  conveyance  undoubtedly  admitted  his  title  to 
the  Sacristy.  Moreover,  the  Corporation  was  not  the 
parish  ;  nor  could  any  inference  that  I  can  see,  adverse 
to  the  latter,  as  betioeen  them  and  the  Duke,  arise  from 
finding  the  Corporation  in  possession  of  their  building, 
and  devoting  it  to  secular  purposes.  Letting  this  pass, 
however  there  was 

Lastly,  the  '  light  and  air '  defence.  The  defend- 
ant asked  for  an  injunction  to  prevent  the  plaintiff's 
interference  with  the  light  and  air  of  his  church,  occa- 
sioned by  the  erection  of  the  brick  wall.  This  looked 
well  on  paper.  To  build  up  an  entire  arch,  of  such 
dimensions  as  the  chancel-arch  in  a  large  parish  church, 
seems,  at  first  sight,  a  heinous  act ;  but  we  venture  to 
say,  a  more  hopeless  claim  was  never  made,  when  w^e 
come  to  look  a  little  more  closely  into  it.  To  begin  with 
— if  the  chapel  were  not  the  defendant's,  whether  it  was 
separated  from  his  church  by  a  physical  division  like  a 
wall,  or  not,  would  make  little  difference.  Moreover  the 
association  of  an  injury  done  to  a  man's  '  air '  with  that 
to  his  '  light,'  has  been  always  considered  doubtful  and 
risky.  It  is  the  j)ollutioji  of  air  rather  than  its  subtraction^ 
which  has  been  the  ground  of  remedy.  And  the  sub- 
traction of  a  little  cold  air  in  a  cold  parish  church  might 
be,  at  least  in  our  climate,  and  for  more  than  three 
parts  of  our  wintry  years,  rather  beneficial,  one  would 
think,  than  the  reverse.  How  would  houses  rise  up  as 
they  do,  with  mushroom  rapidity  in  our  crowded  alleys, 
hiding  views,  as  well  as  narrowing  the  cubic  feet  of  fresh 
air,  if  this  theory  were  correct  ?  Moreover,  the  plea,  as 
put  forward  by  a  Vicar  in  respect  of  his  church,  was 
novel.  The  cases  have  been  generally  those  of  private 
property.  But  the  case  of  the  defendant's  "  light  "  was 
even  weaker.  He  proved  no  sensible  or  appreciable  dimi- 
nution of  it,  no  '  angle  of  45° '  interfered  with,  no  set- 
ting or  rising  sun  shut  out.     To  make  his  case  still  worse, 

XXX.  H 


50  THE    ARUNDEL   CHANCEL    CASE. 

tlie  parish  themselves  had  hoarded  up  the  arch  since  181T, 
or  at  least  1816,  and  although  they  had  allowed  an  aperture 
in  the  lower  part  of  the  boarding,  in  the  shape  of  a  door, 
to  admit  ventilation  in  hot  weather,  even  this  aperture 
had  by  the  Vicar,  acting  under  Sir  G.  Scott's  advice, 
been  blocked  up  by  the  present  reredos  and  altar  on  the 
restoration  in  1873  ;  and  the  brick  wall  had  been  acqui- 
esced in  for  four  years,  without  remonstrance  by  the  Vicar 
and  parish,  from  1873  to  1877. 

We  think  we  have  now  disposed  of  all  the  chief  points 
in  this  case,  and  had  hoped  that  we  had  heard  the  last  of 
it,  and  that  the  Duke  would  have  been  quieted  in  his 
possession  for  ever;  but,  as  we  write,  we  hear  that  notice 
of  appeal  has  been  given,  though  with  what  chance  of 
success,  as  far  as  funds  are  concerned,  the  following, 
letter  to  the  Editor  of  the  Guardian  will  shew  : — 

ARUNDEL  CHANCEL  APPEAL. 

Sir — To  judge  from  the  letters  which  appeared  in  your  columns  on  the 
subject,  considerable  interest  is  taken  in  tlie  Arundel  chancel 
appeal.  Will  you  allow  me  to  say  that  the  exact  amount  of 
interest  is  represented  by  subscriptions  from  twelve  gentlemen, 
amounting  to  £30  lis.?  These  are  acknowledged  this  week  ia 
your  advertising  columns. 

As  the  probable  cost  is  £500,  it  seems  most  likely  that  we  shall  have 
to  withdraw  the  notice  of  appeal.  G.  Arbuthnot. 

Arundel,  October  4,  1879. 

Surely  a  stronger  proof  could  hardly  be  adduced,  that 
the  judgement  of  Lord  Coleridge  has  already  sufficiently 
commended  itself  to  the  public. 

We  rejoice  at  the  result  in  every  possible  point  of  view. 
Firstly,  we  think  it  consonant  with  the  truth,  and  the 
reason,  and  justice  of  the  case.  Secondly,  we  believe 
the  parish  would  never  have  stirred  in  the  matter,  if  they 
had  not  been  'egged  on'  by  others,  who  had  no  local 
or  personal  interest  in  the  question. 

It  seems  unpardonable,  that  a  great  proprietor,  distin- 
guished for  his  inoffensiveness  and  affability,  and  the 
humility  with  which  he  bears  a  great  name,  should,  in 
the  midst  of  his  own  people,  after  centuries  of  repose 
and  acquiescence  in  the  justice  of  his  title,  be  attempted 


THE    ARUNDEL    CHANCEL    CASE.  51 

to  be  disturbed  because  he  is  a  great  man,  and  not  a 
Protestant.  But  a  man  cannot  help  being  rich,  or  born 
to  a  Dukedom,  and  has  a  right  to  be  a  Roman  Catholic. 

Was  it  within  the  region  of  probability  that  the  Duke's 
ancestors,  so  strong  in  their  attachment  to  the  ancient 
faith,  should  not  have  provided  for  their  pet  college 
(which  was  their  private  property,  and  built  under  the 
very  Castle  walls)  a  private  place  of  worship,  in  the  same 
way  that  every  founder  of  every  college  in  our  Universities 
has  done ;  that  the  founder  should  have  formed  the 
fraternity  for  prayer^  and  not  provided  for  them  a  house 
of  prayer  ? 

No  drawing-room  ever  testified,  by  its  gems,  and 
articles  of  vertu,  a  lady's  right  to  call  it  her  own  more 
clearly  than  did  the  Fitzalan  Chapel  100  years  ago,  by  the 
silent  witness  of  its  costly  shrines,  brasses,  canopies  and 
armorial  bearings — all  of  one  family.  One  has  but  to 
study  those  beautiful  drawings  of  it  by  Grimm  at  the 
British  Museum,  to  feel  convinced,  without  the  process 
of  a  Law  Suit,  that  privacy  and  proprietorship  were 
stamped  on  every  stone  of  it,  and  that  that  insatiable 
and  inquisitive  thing- — the  Public— had  never  any  part  or 
share  in  '  this  matter,'  and  had  never  intruded  there; 
and  we  congratulate  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  that,  with  those 
strong  antecedent  arguments  from  probability,  the 
evidence,  which  the  defendant  was  able  to  adduce,  was 
not  found  to  be  incompatible. 


ST.   MAEY'S   CHUECH,   BARCOMBE. 


By  miss  FLOEEKCE  HARRIET  DODSON. 


Few  cliurches  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Lewes  can  boast 
a  prettier  site  than  St.  Mary's,  Barcombe.  It  stands  a 
little  removed  from  the  highway,  from  which  it  is  in  part 
screened  by  a  farm-yard  and  cottage,  in  part  by  the 
spreading  branches  of  its  own  old  yew.  The  original 
churchyard  lies  almost  entirely  concealed  from  the  road 
by  the  church  itself,  and  slopes  down  to  the  meadows 
that  extend  to  the  banks  of  the  river  Ouse.  Within  its 
narrow  precincts,  grave  above  grave,  and  mound  above 
mound,  untold  generations  of  '  the  rude  forefathers  of 
the  hamlet  sleep.'  Earely  does  a  passing  stranger 
disturb  the  quiet  of  '  God's  acre,'  and  the  piercing 
shriek  of  the  railway-engine,  as  it  rushes  through  the 
cutting  a  few  fields  below,  serves  but  to  emphasize  its 
silence. 

From  this,  the  old  churchyard,  and  still  more  from 
that,  on  somewhat  higher  ground,  recently  added  to  it, 
a  beautiful  view  of  the  Downs  is  obtained.  Eastward 
and  w^estward  they  rise  in  front  of  the  spectator,  like  some 
green  earthworks  thrown  up  by  giant  hands,  but  softened 
and  mellowed  by  distance;  the  lights  and  shades  playing 
on  their  slopes,  and  chasing  each  other  into  the  hollows  of 
their  combes — a  perpetually  changing  view,  but  always 
a  lovely  one.  Where  the  arms  of  the  Downs  open  to 
admit  the  passage  of  the  Ouse  to  the  sea,  Lewes 
Castle  proudly  rears  its  head,  and,  close  around  that 
ancient  citadel,  cluster  the  buildings  of  the  little 
metropolis. 


ST.  maey's  cituectt,  baecombe.  53 

TLe  Cliurch,  like  most  in  these  parts,  is  built  of  rubble, 
faced  with  fliut  ;  the  square  tower  at  the  west  eud  is  sur- 
mounted by  a  true  Sussex  spire  of  shingle,  though  not 
so  dwarfish  as  many  of  its  brethren.  The  picturesque 
wooden  porch  forms  one  of  the  prominent  features  of 
the  building,  and  over  it  stretch  the  friendly  branches 
of  the  grand  old  yew.  For  centuries,  bells  from  the 
grey  tower  have  summoned  the  congregation  to  praise 
and  prayer ;  but  no  •  written  history  attaches  to  the 
church,  and  there  are  no  means  of  ascertaining  the 
precise  date  of  its  erection ;  examinations,  however, 
made  in  the  course  of  the  recent  work  of  restoration, 
lead  to  the  conclusion,  that  the  Early  English  chancel  is 
of  the  twelfth  century,  and  the  Perpendicular  nave  of 
the  reign  of  Henry  Yll. ;  at  the  same  time  there  can  be 
little,  if  any,  doubt  that  on  the  same  spot  stood  a  Saxon 
church  of  yet  higher  antiquity.  Domesday  book  records 
the  existence  of  a  church  and  water-mills  in  Barcombe, 
or  "  Bercham,"  as  it  was  originally  termed;  and  the 
vicinity  of  the  river,  and  the  beauty  of  the  spot,  account 
for  its  selection  as  a  place  of  worship  for  the  population 
that  gathered  round  the  mills.  This  conjecture  is  con- 
firmed by  the  presence  of  the  old  yew,  which,  from  its 
great  age,  appears  to  have  stood  the  guardian  of  an 
older  fabric  than  the  present.  If  St.  Mary's,  Barcombe, 
may  claim  the  privilege  of  being  one  of  the  most  ancient 
churches  in  the  county,  it  must  also  submit  to  the 
stigma  of  having  long  been  one  of  the  most  dilapidated 
and  neglected,  as  the  illustration  on  the  following 
page  \Aill  shew.  The  soil  had  been  suffered  to  accu- 
mulate round  its  walls,  the  floor  had  sunk  by  lapse  of 
time,  so  that  two  steps  descended  from  the  porch  into 
the  church.  Lichen  and  moss  grew  round  the  chancel 
windows,  and  discoloured  the  stone  work.  The  walls 
were  covered  with  thick  white  plaster,  in  many  places 
cracked  and  crumbling.  Externally  the  roof  had  become 
a  patchwork  of  Horsham  stone,  slates,  and  tiles  ;  inter- 
nally, it  was  panelled,  painted  to  imitate  marble,  and 
strengthened  by  tie-beams  of  chesnut,  similarly  painted, 
one  of  which  bore,  in  huge  black  letters,  the  names  of — 


54  ST.    MAEY's   CHUKCHj   barcombe. 

"  Thomas  Earle  and  John  Amoore,  Churchwardens , 

1682." 
The  names  of — 

*'  Thomas  Earle  and  John  Heasman^  Churchwardens, 

1683," 

were  engraved  no  less  conspicuously  on  one  of  the 
panels  of  the  ceiling.  The  square  pews  were  high 
enough  to  delight  the  heart  of  Bishop  Burnet,  but 
they  were,  at  least  in  their  most  recent  days,  of  the 
rudest  kind,  made  up  of  bits  of  board  fastened  together 
in  some  rough  incongruous  fashion  ;  almost  the  only 
good  piece  of  woodwork  left  in  the  church  was  the  oak 
carving  of  the  reading-desk  and  adjoining  pew.  The 
chancel,  as  has  been  already  stated,  is  Early  English ; 
the  east  window,  plain  and  rather  low,  with  three 
large  lights  of  nearly  equal  size,  fitted  into  a  deep 
square  recess  of  the  whitewashed  wall.  Below  it, 
and  immediately  above  the  Communion  Table,  plain 
oak  panelling  alone  relieved  the  deadly  whiteness  of 
the  chancel  walls.  The  altar  itself  was  enclosed  within 
solid  oak  rails.  The  south  aisle,  a  badly-built  lean-to, 
nine  feet  wide,  with  dormer  windows,  was  a  compara- 
tively modern  erection,  that  had  replaced  some  former 
aisle  in  the  same  position.  The  old  church  had  evidently, 
at  some  period  of  its  existence,  been  cruelly  deformed, 
in  part,  avowedly,  by  those  churchwardens  who  immor- 
talised themselves  by  affixing  their  names  to  the  beams. 
They  introduced  the  inner  roof,  or  panelled  ceiling, 
thereby  reducing  the  height  of  the  interior  some  four 
feet,  and  destroying  or  concealing  the  old  rafters.  The 
south  aisle  and  the  rickety  gallery,  with  its  imitation- 
marble  facade,  need  not  be  attributed  to  them  ;  these,  as 
well  as  some  of  the  latest  coats  of  whitewash,  and  the 
roughest  and  most  unseemly  of  the  woodwork,  probably 
belonged  to  a  later  epoch.  This  gallery  was  ascended  by 
a  flight  of  steps  from  the  outside,  built  in  the  angle 
formed  by  the  porch  and  the  tower,  thus  making  a  very 
incongruous  projection.  The  contrivers  of  the  gallery, 
immediately  opposite  the  door  by  which  it  was  entered, 


ST.    MARY  S    CHURCH,    BAUCOMBE.  55 

ingeniously  scooped  out  a  square  hole  in  tlie  roof  to 
provide  a  window  for  their  new  erection.  At  some 
period  the  church  was  also  disfigured  by  the  walling-up 
of  two  windows — one  close  to  the  pulpit,  and  corre- 
sponding to  a  window  opposite  ;  the  other  in  the  chancel. 
The  tower  was  separated  from  the  rest  of  the  interior  of 
the  building  by  a  row  of  massive  white  railings  ;  and  a 
vestry  was  obtained  by  an  encroachment  on  the  extreme 
end  of  the  south  aisle,  from  which  it  was  screened  by 
a  low  oak  palisade. 

None  of  the  monuments  are  of  great  antiquity,  the 
two  oldest  belonging  to  the  early  part  of  the  seventeenth 
century.  Both  are  small  mural  slabs ;  one  within  the 
chancel,  above  the  spot  where  lies  Anna,  first  wife  of 
Edward  Raynes,  of  Conyborough,  bears  the  following 
inscription  : — 

Hie  quoque  snbter  jacet  Anna  filia  Guliehni  Stonestreat,  de 
Lewes  Gen :  Prima  Uxor  infra  sepulti  Edri  Raynes  Gen  :  quse 
obiit  9°  Julii,  A°  1632.  In  cujus  Memoriam  Ricus  Raynes,  filius 
ipsorum  natu  maximus  hoc  Monumentum  pie  posuit  1 680. 

The  other,  a  grey  slab  on  the  outside  of  the  south 
wall,  marks  the  grave  of  "  Ferdinando  Bayly,  son  of 
Thomas  Bayly,  sub-deane  of  Wells,  and  Rector  of  this 
Church,  1641." 

A  black  stone,  now  placed  near  the  exterior  of  the 
west  door  of  the  church,  records — 

"  Elisabeth  The  Dvghter  of  Andrew  Meirs  C  L.  (qu.  Clerk  ?) 
Vicar  of  Pemsey.     Dyed  Jvne  4th,  1692." 

Another  monument,  in  a  similar  position,  bears  this 
inscription  : — 


I 


"  Here  lyeth  the  body  of  Edward  Attree  Senior,  of  this 
Parish  of  Barcombe,  who  piously  departed  this  life  the  second 
day  of  Jvne  anno  domini  1684.  Being  in  the  sixty-fourth 
year  of  his  age." 


Within  the  church,  a  white  marble  mural  monument 
against  the  chancel  wall,  is  devoted  to  the  memory  of 
Robert  Crayford.  of  this  Parish,  in  the  following  terms  : 


56  ST.  maky's  church,  barcombb. 

"In  Memoriam  Eob*-  Crayford,  Gonv  et  Caji  Coll'-  in  Acade- 
niia  Cant*^'-  quondam  Socji,  qui  fidi  Pastoris  in  hac  Ecclesia 
niunere  functus  ;  non  sine  Gregis  lacrimis,  ex  hac  vita  couii- 
gravit,  Anno  Dom.  1683.  Hoc  dat  consecratq.  cliara  sui 
Soboles." 

Under  the  chancel,  and  in  part  under  the  nave,  extend 
the  vaults  of  the  Raynes,  Medley,  and  Lucas  families. 
Here,  among  others,  was  buried  Edward  Raynes,  whose 
first  wife  was  Anna  Stonestreat,  already  noticed.  A 
dark  stone  let  into  the  pavement,  and  brought  to  light 
in  the  process  of  restoring  the  church,  bears  the  follow- 
ing inscription : — 

"  Edwardus  Eaynes  Gen.  Lie  situs  est  qui  donee  octoge- 
narius  esset  vigors  corporis  et  aninii  strenuus  vixit.  Tandem 
Paralysi  languidus  et  senio  confractus  spe  resurrectionis  felicis 
vitaj  cursum  finivit  sensibus  integris  et  Liberis  omnibus  cir- 
cuuistantibus. 

"  XXVI  Augusti  iEtatis  suae  LXXXIIII  anno  Domini  1G77. 

Felix  qui  vitjB  et  mortis  sic  dividit  annos, 
Vita  sibi  ut  condat,  Mors  sibi  prom  at,  opes." 

A  mural  white  marble  monument  in  the  chancel,  in 
memory  of  John  Raynes,  the  second  son  of  Edward 
Raynes,  bears  this  inscription  : — 

"  En  ad  pedes  tuos  jacet  Johannes  Raynes,  Generosus,  vir 
probitate  et  beneficentia  satis  notus  qui  obiit  XX11I°  die  Octo- 
bris  Ail.  Dm.  1687°  iEtatis  sua?  LI11°  spe  certa  resurrectionis 
futurfe  per  Christum  ad  gloriam." 

The  most  conspicuous  monument  to  be  found  in  the 
church  consists  of  a  large  tablet  of  white  and  dark| 
marble,  supported  by  female  Caryatides,  to  the  memory 
of  the  only  daughter  of  Edward  Raynes,  and  of  his 
second  wife,  Anne,  a  daughter  of  John  Rowe,  the 
Archaeologist.     The  inscription  is  as  follows  : — 

"  Near  this  place  lyeth  Interr'd  the  body  of  Susannah,  wife 
of  Thomas  Medley,  Esq^'e,  (only  sister  and  heir  of  John  Raynes, 
Gent. ;)  a  person  greatly  valued  by  her  neighbours  when 
living,  for  her  charitable  relief  to  the  necessitous,  and 
encouragement  to  the  industrious,  and  much  lamented  in 
her  death.  She  died  at  Coneyboroughs  in  this  parish,  b^^  of 
April,  1704.  This  Monument  was  erected  with  the  utmost 
Gratitude  and  Dutifull  respect  to  the  Memory  of  the  Deceased 
by  Edward  Medley,  her  youngest  son.  Anno  Domini  1730." 


ST.  mary's  church,  bakcombe.  57 

On  a  slab  of  Purbeck  stone  is  recorded  the  death,  at 
an  early  age,  of  John  Medley,  the  eldest  son  of  Thomas 
and  Susannah  Medley,  in  these  words  : — 

"  Hie  jacet  corpus  Jobis  Medley  Filij  natu  maximi  Tbomai 
Medley  Gen,  et  Susannse  uxoris  ejus,  qui  obiit  Xo  die  Octobris 
1682. 

iEtatis  VHP  Anno  et  X«m  :  Men  :"  {decimo  Mensey. 

A  mural,  tablet  on  the  exterior  of  the  south  wall  of 
the  chancel  marks  the  burial  place  of  Francis  Lucas,  of 
Longford,  died  1687 ;  aged  65 ;  also  of  Mary,  his 
wife,  daughter  of  Robert  Douglas,  of  Goring,  in  this 
county;  died  1690.  Another  tablet,  in  the  immediate 
neighbourhood  of  the  former,  commemorates  the  musical 
taste  of  one  of  this  family. 

"  To  tbe  Memory  of  John  Lucas,  late  of  Longford,  in  this 
Parish  Esq"^,  who  Piously  departed  this  life  tbe  8th  day  of  June, 
1775,  in  the  86th  year  of  bis  age.  A  Lover  of  Psalmody, 
Also  of  Mary  Lucas,  Widow  of  John  Lucas,  Esq'',  late  of 
Longford,  in  this  Parish,  who  Piously  departed  this  life  tbe 
16tb  day  of  Feb^y,  1781,  in  tbe  87th  year  of  her  age." 

Another  large  black  slab,  in  the  centre  of  the  church, 
opposite  the  entrance,  denotes  the  resting-place  of  two 
more  members  of  the  family  of  Lucas,  of  Longford, 
who  died  1769  and  1776. 

A  small  stone  bracket  in  the  body  of  the  church,  but 
not  far  from  the  chancel,  evidently  in  prse-reformation 
times  supported  an  image,  probably  of  the  Virgin,  to 
whom  the  church  is  dedicated. 

When  the  plain  oak  pulpit,  with  an  inscription  record- 
ing it  to  be  "  the  gift  of  George  Medley,  Esqr.,  1791," 
was  removed,  a  fine  piece  of  carved  oak,  part  of  an  old 
reading-desk,  was  found  beneath  it,  placed  there  as  a 
support.  Other  fragments  of  good  woodwork  which 
had  adorned  the  building  in  early  days,  but  had  subse- 
quently been  degraded  to  similar  utilitarian  purposes,  were 

1   Edward  Medley,  the  youngest  son,  possession    it    passed  on   the   death  of 

succeeded    to    the    estate,    and    dying  Sarah   Medley,    in   1761.     For   further 

without    issue,  iu   1754,   bequeathed    it  notices      of     Edward      Raynes,     John 

by  his  will,  dated  1744,  to  his   widow,  Rowe,    and    the  Medleys,    see  volumes 

Sarah,  for  her  life,  with   remainder  to  xi.,  xxiv.,  and  xxv.,  of   these  "  Collec- 

his  nephew,  George  Medley,  into  whose  tious.'' 

XXX.  I 


58  ST.    MARY  S    CnUECH,    BARCOMBE. 

brought  to  light  in  various  places.  After  taking  clown 
the  wooden  tablets  with  the  Commandments,  the  Lord's 
Prayer,  and  the  Creed,  from  either  side  of  the  Altar,  and 
scraping  the  whitewashed  walls  behind  them,  appropriate 
texts  were  discovered,  painted  in  black  letters,  on  the 
wall,  from  the  1st  Corinthians  xi,  23-26  verses.  On 
other  parts  of  the  walls,  texts,  scrolls,  and  arabesques 
in  colour,  were  brought  to  light,  but  none  of  any  note. 
The  only  other  antiquity  discovered  is  a  piscina,  which 
was  built  into  the  wall  of  the  lean-to  aisle.  It  had  no 
doubt  once  occupied  a  corresponding  position  in  the 
south  wall  of  the  old  church  before  it  was  taken  down. 

If  it  be  true  of  a  parish,  as  of  a  country,  that  the 
dulness  of  its  annals  is  an  evidence  of  happiness.  Bar- 
combe  must  have  been  supremely  fortunate.  It  has  no 
historical  associations,  except  so  far  as  the  hamlet  and 
stream  of  Cooksbridge  traditionally  connect  it  with  the 
Battle  of  Lewes.  From  the  brief  notice  in  Domesday 
book  down  to  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  when  the  „ 
Crown  Presentations  to  the  living  are  enumerated, 
its  chronicles  are  a  blank.  The  records  of  its  church  are 
only  to  be  read  in  its  architecture,  its  surroundings,  and 
the  materials  of  which  it  is  composed.  Whoever  its 
original  founder  be,  he  chose  a  noble  site,  and  one  that 
has  been  hallowed  as  a  place  of  worship  and  of  burial  [ 
by  the  usage  of  centuries.  | 

A  break  has  recently  occurred  in  the  coutinuity  of  the  1 
services  held  there  since  the  days  of  our  Saxon  and  Nor-  | 
man  forefathers.     On  Sunday,  November  24th,  1878,  the  i 
congregation  of  St.  Mary's  looked  with  something  more 
than  usual  interest  on — 

*'  The  whitened  wall,  the  lattice  pane,  [ 

The  rustic  porch,  the  oaken  door; 
Above,  the  rafters  huge  and  plain  ; 
Beneath,  the  footstep-graven  floor." 

A  new  phase  had  come  over  their  church's  history,  and 
it  was  closed,  never  to  be  opened  again  in  the  same  con- 
dition. The  bells  have  been  silent  now  many  months, 
and,  instead,  the  workman's  hammer  rings  within  the 
precincts  of  St.  Mary's  walls.      But   the  day  is  not  far 


I 


ST.    MARY  S    CHUROff,    BARCOMBE.  59 

distant  wlien  tliey  shall  once  more  summon  tlie  congre- 
gation; when  the  porch  door  shall  be  thrown  open  again, 
and  the  inhabitants  gathered  within  their  old  parish 
church,  restored  and  enlarged. 

According  to  the  Report  of  a  Commission  of  the 
Court  of  Chancery,  the  Living  of  Barcombe  was,  in  1 650, 
of  the  value  of  £120  a  year. 

The  first  Presentation,  of  which  we  have  any  notice,  is 
that  of  Christopher  Webbe,  in  1559,  and  four  others 
followed  in  rapid  succession  before  1574. 

The  earliest  Parish  Register,  commencing  1580,  records 
the  induction  of  the  Rector,  John  Hernman,  in  that  year, 
and  though  somewhat  injured  by  age,  appears  to  have 
been  regularly  kept  by  him,  his  name  being  signed  at  the 
foot  of  each  page  down  to  the  last  year  of  his  incum- 
bency, 1612.  The  earlier  pages  of  the  existing  Register, 
down  to  the  year  1603,  may  have  been  copied  from  an 
older  Book.  From  about  the  year  1620,  for  a  period  of 
20  years,  the  register  of  Burials  is  greatly  mutilated 
by   time,  and,  for  some  parts  of  the  period,  totally  lost. 

It  is  to  be  observed  that  the  register  was  kept  with  the 
greatest  care  by  the  Rector,  Joseph  Waad,  during  the 
period  of  the  civil  war  and  disturbance — from  1643 
down  to  1670 — in  which  year  the  entry  of  his  burial 
appears.  After  his  death,  for  a  period  of  40  years,  the 
register  seems  to  have  been  much  neglected.  The  entries 
for  some  years  are  absolutely  deficient,  and  for  others  are 
manifestly  imperfect. 

The  existing  entries  of  Baptisms  and  Marriages  for  the 
year  1699,  have  evidently  been  made  by  some  illiterate 
person,  perhaps  by  the  clerk  of  the  period.  According 
to  a  memorandum  in  a  similar  handwriting,  they,  as  well 
as  the  Burials  from  the  year  1682,  were  transcribed  from 
another  book  now  lost. 

In  1709  a  new  book  was  commenced,  and  the  register, 
at  all  events  down  to  the  year  1761,  bears  indications  of 
having  been  carefully  and  regularly  maintained. 

The  subjoined  extracts,  from  the  Registry  of  the  Arch- 
deaconry of  Lewes,  may  be  considered  of  interest. 

The  first  is  written  in  minute   antiquated  characters, 


60  ST.  Mary's  church,  baucombe. 

upon  a  small,    irregularly- shaped    scrap    of  parcliment, 
and  declares  itself  to  be — 

The  true  Terrier  of  the  Glebe  lands  of  the  Parsonage  of  Barkham. 
In  primis  ye  meade  lying  by  nordens  bridge  headeing  on  the  Hygh  Way 
on  the  West  side  -  on  Earles  land  on  the  North  -  on  baxells  on  the  East- 
the  Steandgate  Meade  on  South  contaiueng  two  acres  [word  illegible]. 
Item  the  Churchfield  four  acres  bounded  on  Mr.  Dennan's  and  Earles 
lande  on  the  South  on  William  Atree  on  the  East  on  douse  land  on 
north  &  west  All  the  rest  lying  about  the  parsonage  House-  To  witt 
the  Innams  against  the  gate  going  into  the  Parsonage  bounded  on  the 
East  on  Walches  -  South  on  a  Lane-  West  on  the  Streat  -  and  north 
on  another  fielde  of  the  Glebe  called  the  parke  field  bounded  on  the 
South  on  Walches  -  East  on  Marten's  meade  -  on  north  on  Chamois  - 
west  on  the  hygh  way  -  this  six  acres  -  the  innams  three  acres  [word 
illegible]  floodes  Close  six  acres  -  bounded  on  the  North  side  of  Chamois - 
on  the  Strcate  on  the  East.  Churchfield  -  4  acres  -  close  by  the  House  - 
Stairefield  4  acres  bounded  on  the  North  by  the  Duntomb  lands-  Item 
[word  illegible]  Croft  and  Criddles  3  acres  bounded  on  the  North  on 
Duntomb  -  on  the  West  by  Mr.  Dennams  [illegible]  lying  on  the  South 
side  of  the  Stairefield  -  ye  5  acres  -  bounded  on  the  West  on  Mr. 
Dennam  -  on  the  north  by  anor  parcell  of  the  Glebe  bounded  on  the 
West  on  Mr.  Denname  on  the  South  on  William  Atree  &  Abraham  Vine 
on  the  East  on  Vine  the  Stews  -  this  3  acres  -  The  House  Plott  w"^ 
barnes  orchards  -  garden  stewes  2  acres  -     Septemb  26.  1615 

Stephen  West 
Ben  Denham 


KicHARD  Day")    ^,       ,        , 
nv.^^r.o   T?        (    Churchwardens. 

IHOMAS    r^  OUDJ 


Watford 
Batkshelt> 


The  Registry  also  contains  two   later  and  much  fuller 
Terriers  dated  respectively  1635  and  1675. 
A  record  entitled, 

AN  ACCOMPT  of  what  Entries  have  bin  made  and  Certificates 
given  out  of  the  Registrar's  Office  for  the  Archdeaconry  of  Lewes 
of  Meetings  or  Assemblies  for  Religious  Worship  pursuant  to  the 
directions  of  the  late  Act  of  Par  Indulgence  made  in  the  First  year  of 
the  Reigne  of  William  the  third  King  of  England  et  Anno  Bui  1689 

contains  the  following  : — 

Jan  15th,  1691 

A  meeting  for  Anabaptists  to  be  held  at  the  House  of 

Thankfull  Hunt  in  Ticehurst,  and  John  Mercer 
12th  Sept.  1692 

At  the  House  of  Thomas  Snait  in  Hurstmonceux 
.  At  the  House  of  Anthony  Chapman  in  Ripe 

At  the  House  of  Thomas  Gyles  in  Barkham 


ST.    MARYS    CHTJRCF,    BAROOMBE.  GL 

The  form  and  context  of  the  above  entry  show  that  the 
rehgious  body  in  Barcombe  for  whose  benefit  the  Ucence 
in  question  was  issued,  consisted  of  Anabaptists. 

The  following  is  an  extract  from  a  modern  register  of 
licences  under  the  Toleration  Act,  1st  WilUam  and 
Mary  : — 

13th  of  September  1809 

A  meeting  or  assembly  for  religious  worship  of  people  called  Protes- 
tant Dissenters  to  be  held  and  kept  at  the  House  of  George  Stanford 
situate  in  the  Parish  of  Barcomb  in  the  County  of  Sussex  at  the  request  of 
Moses  Fisher,  Minister,  and  the  said  George  Stanford. 

In  1724  the  Bishop  of  Chichester  appointed  Com- 
missioners to  enquire  into  the  state  of  different  parishes 
in  the  diocese.  The  following  report  in  answer  to  ques- 
tions portrays  the  ecclesiastical  condition  of  Barcombe 
in  that  year  : — ■ 

Barcombe 

Rectory, 

I.  2.  3.  THE  KING,  Patron.  The  Rector  John  Blackman  AM  of 
^  Bennett  College  in  Cambridge  Instituted  in  October  1709 
W        4.  5.  The  Church  and  Chancell  in  good  Repair  except  the  Porch. 

■  The  Communion  Table  and  Rails  very  handsome.     The  Carpett, 

■  Two  Silver  Chalices  and  a  Paten.     Two  Pewter  Fflaggons  and 

■  the  Cloth  in  good  order.     The  Pulpit  and  a  Cushion  and  Cloth 
W  of  Velvet,  The   Desk  and    Bible  and  Common  Prayer  Book, 

and  Surplice  All  very  good.  But  the  Common  Prayer  Book 
at  ye  Communion  Table  imperfect  The  Steeple  and  three 
Bells  good,  the  Churchyard  Fence  in  severall  places  very  bad. 
The  Chancell  Repaired  by  the  Rector.  A  Chest,   No  poor  Box 

6.  The    Personage    house    and  outhouses  in  very  good   Repair 

7.  The  Number  of  Families  about   Ninety  of  which  Two  Ana- 
baptists 

8.  9.  No  Benefactions  nor  Augmentations 
10.  The  Value  in  the  Kings  Books  £18  ••  10s  ••  lOd  not  Discharged 
from  first  fruits  a  Portion  of  Tyths  of  £5  p  Ann  granted 
from  the  Rectory  to  the  Prior  of  Lewes  now  in  the  hands  of 
Mr.  John  Court  of  Lewes,  Ye  Yearly  Value  of  the  Rectory 
Exceeds  Fifty  Pound 

II.  12.  Divine   Service   and   Sermon  Twice   Every   Lords  Day  in  the 

Summer,  once  in  the  Winter  and  Service  Catechisme  and 
Expounding  in  the  Afternoon  The  Sacrament  Administred 
once  at  Christmas  Whitsunday  and  Michaelmas  and  Twice  at 
Easter  Communicants  each  time  att  Easter  about  fifty  or 
Sixty  at  others  about  forty  or  fifty  Supplied  by  the  Rector 
'  13.   Glebe  about  forty  Acres  of  plain  Land 

{  John  Blackman 

!  x^  Thos  Peirce 


62  ST.  mary's  churce,  baroombe. 

It  may  be  added,  in  conclusion,  tliat  simultaneously 
with  the  restoration  of  the  old  parish  church,  a  new- 
church,  commenced  by  the  late  rector  of  Barcombe,  the 
Rev.  Robert  Allen,  is  being  completed  on  a  site  selected 
many  years  ago,  for  the  accommodation  of  the  inhabi- 
tants of  the  northern  part  of  this  extensive  parish. 


THE  ROMAN  MOSAIC  PAVEMENTS  AT 
BIGNOR/ 


By  the  Eev.  THOMAS  DEBARY,  M.A. 


The  First  Excavations, 

It  has  happened  to  the  author  of  the  following  account 
of  the  Mosaic  Pavements  at  Bignor  to  find,  within  the 
last  year,  his  horse's  hoofs  unexpectedly  treading  upon 
the  tesserce  of  a  Pavement  on  the  coast  of  Syria,  which  he 

'  Mosaic  or  Musaic  (Lat.  mnsiviis).  by  the  Byzantine  Greeks.  It  was 
This  art  was  practised  at  a  very  early  applied  by  the  Romans  to  four  different 
period,  and  was  re-introduced  into  Italy       styles:  the    ojjus  tessellatam,  the  o;pus 


64  THE    EOMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    BIGNOR. 

believes  are  Roman,  and  to  be  reminded,  by  the  incident,  of 
tlie  lively  feelings  he  experienced,  twenty  years  ago,  wlien 
he  first  saw  the  Bignor  Pavements,  and  when  almost  the 
same  thing  occurred  to  him  in  remote  Sussex ;  for  the 
equestrian  then,  as  now,  in  visiting  these  remains,  un- 
consciously had  to  ride  over  a  great  part  of  the  site,  on 
which  the  ancient  Villa  stood.  A  circumstance  of  this 
kind,  more,  perhaps,  than  any  books  one  has  read  on  the 
subject,  sets  the  mind  reflecting  on  the  immensity  of  the 
Roman  Empire  :  the  enterprise,  which  distinguished  the 
conquerors  of  the  ancient  world,  and  the  nature  of  a 
government,  by  which  so  many  and  various  people  were 
held  in  subjugation  to  the  Roman  will." 

In  by  far  the  greater  number  of  cases,  the  antiquities 
of  a  Roman  type,  which  have  been  found  in  parts  far  re- 
moved from  Rome,  in  whatever  quarter  of  the  world  they 
may  have  been  discovered,  are  not  merely  the  tokens  of 
a  prevalent  civilization,  such  as  we  see  in  these  days, 
when  one  nation  utilizes  the  ingenious  and  beneficial 
discoveries  of  another,  but  they  are  the  proofs  of  do- 
minion and  possession.  Roman  colonization  was  of  a 
very  thorough  kind,  and  as  Gibbon  observes,  when  writ- 
ing upon  this  matter — "  In  their  manners  and  internal 
policy,  the  colonies  formed  a  perfect  representation  of 
their  great  parent.''^  Now  they  could  not  have  done  this, 
without  at  the  same  time  introducing  into  the  settle- 
ments skilled  workmen,  who  were  able  to,  and  actually  did, 

rerniindahnn,  the  ojjus  sectile,  and  the  '  Archaoologia,'  contains  a  paper  on  the 

opus   viusivum.       The    first    three    are  subject,    which    was    divided   into    two 

purely    geometric    or    ornamental,    and  parts    and    read    by    him    before    the 

are,  strictly,  only  opus  Uthostrotum,  i.e.,  Society   June    17,   1813,   and   March  9, 

the  regular  mechanical   arrangement  of  181 5.     Further  discoveries  having  been 

various   coloured  stones,  sometimes   in  made,  he  read  another  paper   on  them, 

small  cubes,  called  tesserce  or  tessellcs,  Feb.    4,     1818,    printed    in    Vol.     xix. 

sometimes   in   slabs   of  various  shapes.  of  the    '  Archspologia.'      Besides    these 

The   02nis  musivvm  was  the  only   pic-  papers,  the  3rd  vol.  of  his  truly  splendid 

torial    mosaic,   i.e.,   in     which     natural  work,  "  Eeliquise  Britaunico-Romanse," 

objects     were     imitated. — Brande    and  is  entirely   devoted   to   this  Villa,  and 
Cox's  "  Dictionary   of    Science,   Litera-    '  contains  higb.class  illustrations  of  the 

ture  and  Art,"  p.  584,  ii.,  Ed.  1866.  mosaics.      He    also    compiled    a    small 

"  The  great  authority  on   the  mosaic  handbook  on  the  subject  for    visitors  to 

pavements  at  Bignor  is  Samuel  Lysons,  Bignor. 

Esq.,    F.R.S  and   V.P.  of   the    Society  3  ><  Decline   and   Fall   of  the  Roman 

of    Antiquaries,     at     the     time     they  Empire,"  Vol.  i.,  p.  173. 
were   discovered.       Vol.    xviii.    of    the 


[ 


THE    ROMAN   MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    BIGNOR.  65 


reproduce  the  same  description  of  buildings,  and  similar 
examples  of  the  arts,  with  those  which  prevailed  in  Eome 
and.  Italy.  Hence  they  have  left  behind  them,  in  every 
country  which  they  once  occupied,  not  only  military 
roads  and  encampments,  but  the  traces  and  remains  of 
houses,  theatres,  tombs  and  inscriptions,  and  even,  it 
may  be  said,  all  the  smaller  evidences  of  a  high  state  of 
luxury ;  statues,  mosaics,  seals,  hair-pins,  rings,  and 
household  utensils  of  every  kind.  By  this  complete 
method  of  colonization,  a  double  purpose  was  at- 
tained. The  colonists  themselves  experienced  less  of 
that  depression  and  regretful  thought  of  home,  which  is 
sometimes  called  nostalgia,  and  which  so  many  com- 
plain of,  when  first  transferred  from  their  own  country  to 
foreign  lands  ;  and  the  ferocity  of  the  natives  was  allayed 
by  the  allurements  of  pleasure,  and.  the  desire  to  eman- 
cipate themselves  from  the  imputation  of  ignorance  by 
the  manifestation  of  a  taste  for  luxury.  Our  own 
country  afforded  a  striking  example  both  of  this  policy, 
and  of  the  results  of  it  thus  described. 

The  learned  reader  will,  perhaps,  pardon  me,  if  I  recall 
to  his  recollection  a  few  familiar  historical  facts  connected 
with  the  Roman  occupation  of  Britain,  as  they  certainly 
lead  up  to  the  arguments  respecting  the  probable  age  of 
the  Villa  under  our  consideration. 

That  Great  Britain  was  known  to  the  ancients  at  a  very 
early  period,  is  attested  by  Greek  writers.  That  it  was 
believed  to  be  an  island,  before  Agricola  demonstrated  the 
fact  by  sailing  round  it,  is  also  certain.  Our  "Collections" 
have  recently*  shown  us  what  the  influence  of  our  Gallic 
neighbours  was  upon  the  early  inhabitants  of  this  Island, 
in  the  matter  alone  of  coins  ;  and  it  was  the  intimacy  sub- 
sisting between  the  two  people,  divided  though  they  were 
by  the  Channel,  more,  most  likely,  than  the  greed  for 
corn,  or  silver  and  gold,  or  pearls,  that  induced  Caesar 
to  meditate  his  invasion,  as  he  hoped  thereby  to  put  a 
stop  to  an  alliance,  which  led  the  Britons  to  render  their 

*  XXIX.  S.A.C.,  p.  75  ;  and  see  supra,       commencecl   soon   after  the   coming   of 
p.  1.  The  true  Sussex  coins,  issned  by  the       Ca-sar,  and  continued  down  to  the  time  of 
liegui    and  Belgas,  were   derived   from       Claudius. 
Gaulisli   models.     The  inscribed  series 

XXX.  K 


66  THE    EOMAN    MOSAIC   PAVEMENTS    AT    BIGNOR. 

Gallic  neighbours  constant  assistance  in  their  strug.s^les 
against  the  encroaching  power  of  Rome.  Caesar  first 
landed  in  Britain  B.C.  65,  and  possibly  intrenched  himself 
at  Pevensey.  He  does  not,  however,  seem  to  have  advanced 
very  far  into  the  country,  but  cautiously  withdrew  before 
the  terrible  sea,  which  rages  round  our  coast  in  winter, 
had  become  too  stormy  for  his  transports.  The  next 
year  he  renewed  the  enterprise,  crossed  the  Thames,  and 
advanced  as  far  as  Yerolanium  or  Yerulam,  and  here  his 
invasion  and  subjugation  of  the  country  practically  ceased. 
He  again  withdrew  from  the  island,  and  the  organic 
changes  which  he  himself  was  instrumental  in  promoting 
in  the  E-oman  government  at  home,  proved  very  advanta- 
geous to  the  Britons,  who,  if  not  absolutely  forgotten  by 
the  civilized  world,  then  engrossed  with  new  ideas,  were  at 
least  left  to  themselves  by  the  Romans  until  the  reign  of 
Claudius,  nearly  a  hundred  years  after  Cassar's  first 
invasion.  This  is  the  most  interesting  period  in  our 
enquiry,  for  it  is  possible  to  assign  the  origin  of  the  Villa 
at  Bignor  to  nearly  any  period  from  the  reign  of  Claudius  | 
to  the  death  of  Titus.  ; 

The  Emperor  Claudius  it  was,  who  began  what  proved, 
in  the  course  of  time,  to  be  the  real  subjugation  of  Britain. 
Having  resolved  to  conquer  the  country,  and  annex  it  to 
the   Roman  Empire,    he  despatched  Aulus   Plautius  to 
these  shores  to  effect  this  object,  under  whom  the  future  :■ 
Emperor  Vespasian  was   assigned  the  command   of  the ' 
2nd  Legion.   This  celebrated  general  and  future  Emperor 
has  the  credit  of  having  reduced  the  Isle  of  Wight,  and,  t 
what  Suetonius,  the  historian,  describes  as  two  powerful  j 
nations,  the  Regni  and  the  Belgee,^  the  inhabitants  res-  | 
pectively  of  Sussex  and  Surrey,  and  those  of  Hampshire,  j 
These   parts  of  our   island,  together  with  some  others  | 
subsequently  subdued,  were  constituted  a  Roman  Province  i 
in  the  time  of  Ostorius  Scapula,  the  successor  of  Plautius 
in  the  government  of  the  Roman  possessions  in  Britain. 
Most  probably  it  was   at  this  period   that    '  the  Stane 
Street  Causeway  '  was  constructed,  which  passes  within 

*  Vita  Vespasiaai,  cap.  4. 


THE    ROMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    EIGNOR.  Q7 

lialf  a  mile  of  Bignor,  and  serves  as  a  clue  to  us  in  some 
of  our  speculations  on  these  pavements. 

Tacitus  tells  us  in  his  '  Agricola,'  that  a  native  kino- 
was  appointed  legate  by  the  Romans,  and  governed  in 
these  parts  for  many  years,  remaining  faithful  to  his  trust. 
Of  the  existence  of  such  a  person  under  the  name  of 
Cogidubnus,  or  Cogidunus,  as  Tacitus  describes  him, 
the  Sussex  Archaeologist  can  have  no  doubt,  when  he  is 
reminded  of  the  discovery  which  was  made  of  an  inscribed 
stone  at  Chichester  in  1730,  by  some  workmeu  who  were 
engaged  in  digging  a  cellar  to  a  house  in  S,  Martin's  lane 
in  that  city.^  The  inscription  not  only  attests  the  existence 
of  the  king,  to  whom  Tacitus  gives  the  name  of  Cogidunus, 
but  also  encourages  the  belief  that  he  had  conformed  to 
the  religion  of  his  patrons.'^  Mr.  Lysons  evidently  inclines 
to  the  idea  that  the  Villa  at  Bignor  may  have  been  the 
palace  of  Cogidubnus  ;  so  that  another  Cymbeline  may 
have  held  his  court  here,  and  a  chaste  Imogene  per- 
liaps  have  paraded  the  crypto-porticus  whilst  thinking 
of  her  absent  lover  at  Rome.  But  althouo;h  Coo:idunus 
is  said  to  have  remained  faithful  to  the  Romans  down  to 
the  time  when  Tacitus  wrote,  and  may  have  imbibed  some 
of  the  ideas  and  tastes  of  his  conquerors,  I  cannot  myself 
believe  that  the  Villa  was  erected  either  by  or  for  a  chief- 
tain, such  as  this  legate  must  have  been.  It  is  not 
probable  that  a  native  king,  however  '  Romanizing'  in  his 
tendencies,  would  relish  fantastical  representations  of  the 
most  voluptuous  fancies  of  heathen  mythology.  Let  us 
then  advance  a  little  further  in  the  history  of  these  times, 
and  see  if  a  more  likely  era  for  the  construction  of  such 
a  building  as  this  must  have  been,  may  not  be  found. 
Passing  over  Didius  and  Veranius,  let  us  come  to 
Suetonius  Paulinus.  It  was  during  his  tenure  of 
power  that  the  most  stirring  events  in  the  history  of  the 


6  For  an  account  of  this  discovery,  see  toritafe  Tiberii  Claudii  Cogidnbni  reiyi* 
Horsley's  "  Britannia  Romaua."  p.  22.  legaii  AugusH  in  Britannid.  collegmm 

7  The  inscription  on  the  stone,  fabrorwru  et  qni  in  eo  a  mcris  [vel  hono- 
amended,  the  amendments  being  here  rati]  Bunt  de  siw  dedicaverunt  donante 
shownbyitalics,  isgivenby  Dr.  Stukeley  aream  Pitdente  Padentini  filio." — 
and  Horsley :— "  iVeptuno  et  Minervje  Horsley,  "  Britannia  Romana,"  p.  192. 
tcmplumisro  salute  domus  divinse  ex  auc-  See  also  vii.  S.A.C.,  p.  62. 


68  THE    EOMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    BIGNOR. 

Eoman  occupation  of  this  country  came  to  pass.  There 
can  be  little  doubt  that  the  centurions  and  other  subordi- 
nates of  the  Roman  Empire  behaved,  on  many  occasions, 
^vith  the  utmost  harshness  and  effrontery  towards  the  na- 
tives, a  little  contumeliousness  being  then,  as  at  the  present 
day,  accounted  very  serviceable  in  ruling  a  subjugated 
]Deople.  When,  however,  the  Roman  soldiers  did  not  spare 
the  daughters  of  the  famous  Boadicea,  Queen  of  the  Iceni,. 
the  indignant  mother  watched  her  opportunity  for  aveng- 
ing the  outrage,  and  putting  an  end  to  the  tyranny  of  the- 
oppressors.  Suetonius  was  at  this  time  away,  engaged 
in  reducing  Mona ;  and  as  the  active  part  of  the  Roman 
Legions  was  thus  withdrawn  from  the  South,  Boadicea 
seized  the  moment  to  incite  her  own  people  and  the 
neighbouring  tribes  to  revolt.  Camulodanum,  the 
modern  Colchester,  was  pillaged  and  destroyed  ;  London 
was  sacked,  and  Verulam  or  Yerolanium,  the  modern  S. 
Albans,  put  on  its  defence,  before  Suetonius  Pauliuus, 
now  apprised  of  the  danger,  could  hasten  to  the  South 
and  offer  battle  to  Boadicea.  A  great  battle  was  fought 
between  the  Romans  and  the  Queen  of  the  Iceni,  but  the 
British  warriors  were  not  a  match  for  the  disciplined 
Legions  of  Rome,  and  Suetonius  Paulinus  triumphed* 
Boadicea,  having  no  disposition  to  follow  in  the  steps  of 
Caractacus,  poisoned  herself. 

This  little  history  has  more  to  do  with  our  subject  than 
at  first  appears.  The  events  described  seem  to  have  modi- 
fied the  Roman  policy,  and  induced  the  Romans  to  en- 
deavour to  secure  their  conquests  by  allaying  the  animosity 
of  the  natives  by  means  of  luxury  and  the  amenities  of 
civilization,  rather  than  by  war  and  violence.  This  is 
the  period  to  which  I  am  disposed  to  assign  the  building'' 
of  the  Villa. 

Suetonius  Paulinus,  although  he  had  vindicated  the 
credit  of  the  Roman  arms,  was  not  held,  it  would  appear, 
quite  blameless  for  having  afforded  the  natives,  by 
Avithdrawiug  his  forces  from  the  South,  the  oppor- 
tunity which  led  to  the  war.  He  was  recalled,  and 
Petronius  Turpihanus,  a.d.  61,  was  appointed  in  his 
place  pro-prsetor  and  governor  of  Britain.     Turpilianus 


r 


THE    EOMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    BIGNOR.  69 


had  just  completed  at  Rome  his  official  career  as  Consul 
with  C^esonius  Passtus,  when  Nero,  now  Emperor,  con- 
ferred upon  him  this  honour.  In  considering^  this  history, 
with  a  view  to  discover,  if  I  possibly  could,  the  builder 
of  this  Yilla,  I  have  more  than  once  paused  at  the  name 
of  Turpilianus.  There  are  many  things  to  favour  the 
idea  that  it  may  have  been  a  work  of  his  time,  and  at  all 
events  begun  by  him.  Turpilianus  has  no  reputation  a-; 
a  soldier,  and  was  probably  selected  as  a  man  who  would 
rather  endeavour  to  reconcile  the  vanquished  to  their  fate, 
by  an  easy  bearing,  than  promote  more  strife.  Tacitus,  in 
describing  the  administration  of  the  new  legate,  says,  "  li 
non  irritato  lioste,  neque  lacessitus,  honestum  pads  nomen, 
segni  otio  imposidty  He  neither  harassed  the  enemy 
nor  was  himself  worried  by  them,  but  assigned  to  slothful 
inactivity  the  honoured  name  of  peace. ^  These  words 
do  not  imply  that  the  new  governor  was  absolutely  idle, 
but  that  he  employed  himself  in  what  Tacitus  might 
consider  frivolous  pursuits,  accounting  them  more 
conducive  to  tranquillity  and  peace  than  the  display  of 
military  armaments.  What  more  natural,  than  that  such  a 
ruler,  after  having  visited  the  disaffected  region  of  the 
Iceni,  should  retire  to  one  of  the  most  beautiful  and 
settled  parts  of  the  Province,  and  employ  himself  in  the 
erection  of  a  Villa  and  Roman  Station,  that  should  excite 
the  wonder  and  approbation  of  the  semi-barbarous  in- 
habitants of  the  territory  of  the  Regni,  and  so,  whilst 
contributing  to  his  own  pleasure,  promote,  as  he  might 
flatter  himself,  the  main  object  of  his  administration. 

Staue  Street  Causeway,  as  we  have  seen,  was  most 
probably  in  existence  at  this  time.  The  range  of  the 
Southdowus,  not  at  all  unlikely  to  recall  to  the  mind  of 
a  Roman  the  Albau  group  of  hills,  must  have  been 
i'amiliar  to  every  Roman  Governor,  and  the  distance  from 
Regnum,  the  modern  Chichester,  had  early  determined 
the  Romans  to  fix  a  station  here,  which  was  called 
'  Ad  Decimum.'  That  the  Villa  was  the  residence  of  som(^ 
one  in  authority,  is  believed  to  have  been  the  case  by  all 
archaeologists.     Indeed,  it  is  impossible  to  account  for 

^  See  the  '  Agiicola,'  c.  xvi. 


b 


70  THE    EOMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    BIGNOE. 

the  size  of  some  of  the  outer  structures,  except  on  the 
supposition  of  their  having  been  barracks  or  guard-rooms 
for  soldiers.  Considering  it,  therefore,  as  an  admitted 
fact,  that  the  Villa  was  the  abode  of  some  Roman  official 
of  high  rank,  I  will  venture  to  give  a  few  more  reasons 
for  supposing  Turpilianus  may  have  been  the  builder  of 
it. 

In  seeking  sujDporfc  for  a  favourite  theory,  I  know  how 
ready  we  are  sometimes  to  snatch  at  a  straw,  and  per- 
haps the  critical  reader  will  think  I  am  doing  so,  when  I 
suggest  that  the  only  letters  found  on  the  Mosaics,  T.  R., 
which  certainly  look  more  like  initial  letters  than 
parts  of  an  inscription,  might  mean  Turpilianus  Regulus, 
or  Romanus.  But  whether  this  idea  is  deemed  fanciful 
or  not,  that  the  Villa  was  the  design  and  conception  of  a 
thorough  Roman,  I  feel  convinced.  There  is  not  a  single 
token  of  a  British  or  Christian  influence  to  be  found, 
unless  it  be  the  accidental  mark,  in  the  middle  of  a  tile, 
of  a  cross,  clearly  only  a  trade  mark.  The  pagan  mytho- 
logy, as  portrayed  by  Horace,  and  found  delineated  on 
the  walls  of  Pompeii  and  Herculaneum,  has  supplied  the 
artists  with  all  the  themes  which  they  have  endeavoured 
to  represent.  We  are  too  apt  to  imagine  that  the  house 
decorations,  as  found  at  Pompeii  and  Herculaneum,  were 
confined  to  those  cities,  but  they  were  in  reality,  in  their 
principal  features,  general  throughout  the  Empire.  7L'he 
Baths  of  Titus  are  an  example  in  point.  But  even  if 
this  were  not  the  case,  there  is  a  singular  reason  for  con- 
jecturing that  one  like  Turpilianus,  wherever  he  might 
build  a  house,  would  be  inclined  to  imitate  those  of  the 
voluptuous  cities  of  Southern  Italy.  Turpilianus  had 
filled  the  office  of  Consul,  when  Rome  was  given  over  to 
the  most  extravagant  excesses  of  pleasure  and  dissipa- 
tion. He  was  sent  out  to  this  country  by  Nero,  the  im- 
personation of  profligacy.  It  is  not  likely  that  the 
Emperor's  nominee  would  be  without  some  of  the  tastes 
which  distinguished  his  master.  He  was  probably  al- 
ready wealthy,  and  his  office  was  honourable  and  lucra- 
tive ;  he  was  therefore  in  every  way  the  kind  of  person 
to  build  such  a  residence  as  this.     But   there  are   other 


THE    ROMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    BIONOR.  71 

circumstances  relating  to  Petronius  Turpilianus  which 
lead  us  to  associate  his  name  with  Herculaneum  aud 
Pompeii,  and  therefore  enhance  the  probability  of  his 
having  erected  this  Villa,  resembling  so  much  the  houses 
of  those  towns.^ 

Petronius  Turpilianus  must  have  been  living  at  Rome 
when  a  very  celebrated  namesake  of  his,  Caius  Petronius, 
was  flourishing.  This  man  had  once  been,  like  Turpili- 
anus, a  colonial  governor,  but  at  Rome  he  was  the  sort 
of  D'Orsay  or  Brummel  of  his  time;  the  man  of  taste 
of  his  day,  that  the  Emperor  was  especially  pleased  to 
honour  with  his  intimacy.  However,  the  gross  character 
of  IS'ero's  profligacy  shocked  the  more  refined  taste  of 
the  pleasure-loving  Petronius,  and  he  is  said  to  have 
remonstrated  with  the  Emperor,  and  is  credited  with 
having  written  the  work  satirizing  the  morals  of  Southern 
Italy,  entitled  '  Petronii  Arbitri  Satyricon.'  Xow, 
although  the  best  authorities  are  agreed  upon  the  author- 
ship of  this  work,  writers  are  not  unanimous,  for  there 
are  not  wanting  those  who  have  attributed  it  to  Petro- 
nius Turpilianus.^*'  But  whether  he  was,  or  was  not,  the 
author  of  it,  the  ideas  contained  in  that  book  must  have 
been  familiar  to  him. 

I  will  not  pretend  to  have  read  this  book,  for  I  have 
not  done  so,  but  it  is  described  as  an  exposition  and  a 
castigation  of  the  manners  of  the  inhabitants  of  those 
pleasure-cities  which  fringed  the  Bay  of  Naples,  yet  be- 
traying also  the  manifestation  of  some  sympathy  with 
them — probably  a  very  common  frame  of  mind  amongst 
the  Romans  of  that  day,  who  relished  the  life  at  Pompeii 
and  Herculaneum,  which  they  affected  to  condemn. 

That  the  artists  employed  on  the  Bignor  Mosaics  drew 

"  '  Tac.  Ann.'  lib.,  xiv.,39.     See  also  the  excesses  of  the  cities  on  the  Bay  of 

the  '  Ap;rico]a,'  c.  xvi.     I  infer  from  the  Naples,  the  writer  says,  "  By  Ignarra  ho 

words  of  Tacitus,  that  he  regarded  the  is  supposed  to  be  Petronius  Turpilianus, 

appointment  of  Turpilianus  in  the  same  who  was    Consul,    a.d.    G1."      Ignarra 

light  as  given  above.  was    a   learned    Neapolitan   antiquary, 

'"  Smith's  '  Dictionary  of  Greek  and  well  entitled  to  have  an  opinion  on  this 

Roman  Biography  '   and    '  Mythology,'  subject.     He  died  at  Naples  August  6, 

article    'Petronius.'    Speaking   of    the  1808.     "  Biographic  Universelle,"  Vol. 

author    of  the  prose    work,    "  Petronii  xxi. 
Arbitri   Satyricon,"    a  work   satirizing 


I 


72  THE    EOMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT   BTGNOE. 

their  inspiration  from  tliose  towns,  I  fully  believe; 
the  most  remarkable  fact  on  this  head  being-,  that  the 
designs  more  resemble  the  decorations  found  at  Hercu- 
laneum  than  those  of  Pompeii.  The  same  absorbing  idea 
of  pleasure  is  exhibited,  but  slightly  chastened,  as  if  not 
to  shock  the  native  mind.  Where  in  Herculaneum  we 
have  naked  cupids  running  about  everywhere,  at  Bignor 
these  emissaries  of  the  Goddess  of  Love  are  disguised  in 
the  armour  commonly  worn  by  the  Samnites,  with  their 
wings  springing  out  behind.  The  ^limbics  round  the  head 
of  the  Yenus  in  the  medallion-shaped  representation  of 
that  divinity  at  Bignor,  is  not  so  uncommon  as  Mr.  Lysons 
thought.  It  has  been  found  both  at  Pompeii  and  Her- 
culaneum, The  shortness  of  the  upper  part  of  the  limbs, 
in  some  of  the  figures,  is  not  sufficiently  noticeable  to 
build  a  theory  upon,  or  to  militate  against  the  supposition, 
that  these  Mosaics  were  of  earlier  date  than  the  time  of 
Agricola,  or  the  reign  of  Titus. 

If  the  notion  that  this  Villa  may  have  been  the  resi- 
dence of  Cogidubnus  is  abandoned,  and  we  still  accept 
Mr.  Lysons  as  our  guide,  I  should  infer  from  his  writings 
that  he  would  attribute  its  erection  to  some  Roman 
official,  who  flemished  after  the  government  of  Agricola, 
in  the  reign  of  Vespasian  or  Titus.  In  his  papers,  read 
before  the  Society  of  Antiquaries,  and  in  his  elaborate 
work  on  the  same  subject  in  his  '  Reliquire  Britannico- 
Roman^e,'  Mr.  Lysons  refers  to,  and  in  the  latter  work 
gives  a  drawing  of,  a  similar  pavement,  or  rather  a  pave- 
ment resembling  this,  found  in  the  old  town  of  Avenches, 
near  Neuchatel,  in  Switzerland,  which  a  French  savant, 
M.  de  Schmidt,  supposes  to  have  been  executed  between 
the  reigns  of  Vespasian  and  the  Antonines,  and  he  refers 
to  the  well  known  passage  in  the  Agricola,  describing  the 
impetus  which  was  given  to  every  description  of  orna- 
mental building  after  Britain  had  been  effectually  reduced 
by   that    General. ^^     Undoubtedly   there    is  much  to  be 

11  Sequenshyemssaluberrimisconsiliis  fora,     domns     exstruerent,      laudando 

absutnpta  ;  namque,  nt  homines  dispersi  promptos  et  castigaiido  segues.  Ita  hono- 

ac  rades,  eoqnein  bello  facilcs,  quietiet  ris  fcmulatio  pro  necessitate  erat.     Jam 

otic  per  voliiptates  assnescereiit,  hortari  vero  Principum  filios  liberalibus  artibus 

privatim,  adjuvare  publico,  ut  templa,  erndire,  et  ingenia  Britannorum  studiis 


THE    EOMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    BIGNOR.  73 

said  for  this  view  of  the  question,  and  it  corresponds 
with  the  opinion  arrived  at  by  a  learned  critic  respecting 
a  Roman  Pavement  found  at  Lydney  Park,  in  Grloucester- 
shire,  who,  after  quoting  the  passage  of  the  Agricola 
above  alluded  to,  comes  to  the  conclusion  that  the 
Roman  remains  at  Lydney  were  due  to  the  movement  so 
graphically  described  by  Tacitus. ^^  "  The  following 
winter,"  says  that  writer,  ''  was  spent  in  devising 
schemes  for  the  public  welfare.  A  rude  and  scattered 
population,  and  for  that  reason  inclined  to  war,  were 
to  be  habituated  to  peace  and  quiet  by  the  allure- 
ments of  pleasure.  Agricola  exhorted  them  privately, 
and  openly  assisted  them,  to  build  Temples,  Law 
Courts,  and  dwelling  houses,  applauding  the  willing,  and 
severely  rebuking  the  reluctant,  so  that  a  spirit  of  emula- 
tion took  the  place  of  compulsion  ;  moreover,  he  caused 
the  sons  of  the  principal  people  to  be  instructed  in  the 
liberal  arts,  professing  to  prefer  the  natural  ability  of  the 
Britons  to  the  educational  efforts  of  the  Grauls,  so  that 
those,  who  had  recently  shown  a  repugnance  to  the 
Roman  tongue,  now  sought  to  excel  in  it.  Hence,  even 
our  dress  became  fashionable,  and  the  toga  was  very 
commonly  seen.  And,  little  by  little,  the  natives  yielded 
to  the  allurements  of  vice,  porticoes,  baths,  and  choice 
banquets — and  that  was  deemed  civilization  by  the  un- 
suspecting and  ignorant,  which,  was  but  a  part  of 
slavery." 

It  is  this  passage  from  the  Agricola,  which  I  have 
rendered  somewhat  freely,  which  has  led  antiquarians,  a 
little  hastily,  perhaps,  to  infer,  that  all  Roman  antiquities 
found  in  England,  such  as  the  Bignor  Mosaics,  must  have 
been  of  a  date  subsequent  to  the  reign  of  Vespasian. 
A  careful  examination  of  a  great  many  of  these  remains 
will,  I  think,  convince  any  one  that  this  rage  for  building 
in  Britain,  although  it  encouraged  the  arts  in  one  respect, 

Gallornmanteferre,  nt  quimodoliDguam  vocabatur,  cnm  pars  servitatia  esset. — 

Eomauam  abniiebant,  eloqnentiam  con-  Tac.  Agricola,  c.  xxi. 

cnpiscerent.  Tnde  etiam  Labitus  nostri  12  Roman    Antiquities,   Lydney  Park, 

honor    et    freqnens  toga:    paulatimque  Gloucestershire.       By    William     Hiley 

discessnm  ad  delinimenta  vitiorum,  por-  Bathurst.     With    Kotes  by  C.  W.  King, 

ticus,  et  balnea,  et  conviviorum  elegan-  M.A.,  Fellow  of  Trin.  Coll.,  Cambridge, 
tiam.    Idque  apnd  imperitos  humanitas 

XXX.  L 


74  THE    EOMAN    MOSAIC   PAVEMENTS   AT   BlGNOl?. 

in  another  led  to  their  gradual  decay  or  deterioration. 
The  wealthy  might,  indeed,  still  employ  foreign  artists, 
hut  as  the  demand  for  workmen  would  increase,  and  the 
British  youth  were  trained  in  the  Roman  Colleges,  the 
most  promising  of  them  would  be  invited  to  supplement 
the  labours  of  the  foreign  artists,  and  a  proportionate 
deterioration  in  the  quality  of  the  work  would  be  the 
consequence. 

The  j&ner  portions  of  the  Bignor  Pavements  could  only 
have  been  designed  and  executed  by  skilled  artists  ;  the 
coarser  parts  of  the  work  may  have  been  done  by  the 
pupils  or  scholars  of  such  artists,  whether  natives  or 
foreigners,  working  under  the  immediate  superintendence 
of  the  others. 

If  these  views  are  just,  I  can  see  no  reason  why  the 
Villa  at  Bignor  may  not  have  been  even  an  earlier  work 
than  it  is  commonly  supposed  to  be.  A  few  coins  have 
been  found  here,  and  also  a  ring  of  beautiful  workman- 
ship,^^ such  as  a  fashionable  man  of  the  times  of  Nero  or 
Titus  might  well  have  purchased  in  what  was  then  the 
Corso  of  Rome,  and  which  would  much  more  become 
the  finger  of  Turpilianus  than  that  of  Cogidubnus,  or  any 
other  Briton  speaking  broken  Latin  and  wearing,  with  an 
ill  grace,  the  Roman  toga. 

I  am  here  tempted  to  remark  that  the  spirit  of  oblivion 
seems  to  hover  over  these  Mosaics.  AVhether  the  ground 
accidentally  accumulated  over  them,  after  the  Villa 
was  destroyed,  or  whether,  which  is  not  at  all  im- 
probable, they  were  designedly  covered  over  when  the 
occupants  were  obliged  to  abandon  it,  we  know  not.  But 
supposing  this  occurred  much  about  the  time  when  the 
Romans  finally  relinquished  the  country,  they  would  have 
been  buried  between  thirteen  and  fourteen  hundred  years, 
when  the  plough  once  again  brought  them  to  light.  The 
discovery,  at  the  time,  awakened  great  interest,  or  the 
funds  for  Mr.  Lysons'    splendid   work    in  illustration  of 

1'  '  A  remarkable  gold  ring,  found  near  holding  a  buckler  before  him,  and  appa- 

the  Roman  Villa    at  Bignor.     It   is  ex.  rently  ascending  a  height,' and  is 'figured 

quisitely  wrought  with  chased-work  fila-  in    Lysons'    Britannia    Komana.'     (Qy. 

gree  and  globular   ornaments.     It  is  set  Eeliquise      Britannico-Eomause.)       See 

with  an  intaglio,  a   figure   of   a  warrior  viii.  S.A.C.,  p.  292. 


THE    ROMAN    MOSAIC    TAVEMENTS    AT    BlfiNOR.  75 

them  would  hardly  have  been  forthcoming ;   but  it  does 
,  not  seem  to  have  proved  a  very  lasting  one  in  the  minds 
of  our  Sussex  Archasologists,  for  in  the  whole  twenty-nine 
volumes  of  the  S.  A.  C,  I  have  hardly  been  able   to  dis- 
cover anything  to  assist  me  in  drawing    up  this  account. 
It  was  certainly  time  that  an  attempt  should  be  made  to 
I  rectify  this   neglect,  for   the  Mosaics   are  not  what  they 
i  were   when   first    discovered.     Mr.   Lysons  is  our  great 
I  authority  on  what  their  condition  then  was,  and  also  on 
I  the  general  plan  of  the  villa,   the    walls    of  which   were 
j  then  traced  as  far  as  their  ruined  condition  would  permit, 
I  but  have  since  been  covered  over.     Mr.  Lysons'   account 
'  is  contained  in    certain   papers,    read  by  him  before   the 
Society  of    Antiquaries,    and   which  are   printed  in  the 
xviii.  and  xix.  vols,    of  the  Arch^ologia.     As  the  nature 
and  character   of  these  remains   are  there  described  iu 
detail,  I  propose  to  give  the  reader  an  epitome  or  abridg- 
ment of  the  papers    in   question,  without  which  I  feel  it 
would  be  impossible  to   present  him    with    an    adequate 
:  idea  of  them,  and  which  cannot  but  be  interesting,  and, 
I  by  the    help    of    a    plan    of    the    whole    area,    I    hope 
intelligible,    to    those — possibly    the    majority    of    the 
members  of  the  S.A.S. — who  have  not  ready  access  to  the 
British  Museum. 

Mr.  Lysons'  papers  were  read  before  the  Society 
of  Antiquaries  June  17th,  1813,  March  9th,  1815,  and 
February  4th,  1818. 
i  The  purport  of  them  is  as  follows  : — 
H  Within  half  a  mile  of  the  village  of  Bignor,  there  are 
traces  of  the  Roman  Road,  running  from  Chichester,  by 
way  of  Pulborough  and  Dorking,  to  London.  There  was 
reason  to  expect  that  indications  of  a  Roman  Station 
might  be  discovered  here,  as  Richard  of  Cirencester  in  his 
fifteenth  Iter  mentions  a  station  next  after  Chichester, 
which  he  calls  Ad  Decimum.  Now  Bignor,  on  this  road,  is 
ten  miles  from  Chichester.  In  1811  the  plough  laid 
open  to  view  a  Mosaic  Pavement  in  a  field  called  the 
Berry,  part  of  a  copyhold  estate  of  the  manor  of  Lord 
N"ewburgh,  owned  and  occupied  by  a  Mr.  George  Tupper, 
tvhose  grandson  still  has  it. 


76  THE    ROMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    BIGNOU. 

Mr.  Tapper  removed  the  earth,  which  varied  from  one 
to  two  feet  in  depth,  over  a  great  extent,  when  the  pave- 
ment [No.  7  in  the  Plan]  proved  to  be  of  large  dimensions. 
The  design  was  in  good  taste,  and  superior  in  execution 
to  those  commonly  found  in  this  country.  Its  decorations 
consisted  of  two  circular  compartments,  one  7ft.  Gin.  in 
diameter,  the  other  16ft.  In  the  smaller  circle  there  was 
a  representation  of  the  rape  of  Granymede,  surrounded 
with  a  sort  of  fret,"  a  braided  guilloche,^^  and  a 
'  serrated  border  of  black  and  white.'  The  guilloche 
was  composed  of  three  rows  of  tesserce,  besides  the  two 
black  ones  forming  the  outline,  being  cubes  of  half  an 
inch,  red,  yellow,  and  white,  and  blue,  ash-colour,  and 
white,  alternately  two  and  one.  The  fret  was  of  the 
same  materials  arrang-ed  in  the  same  order.  The  dark 
brown  (sic)  and  red  tesserce  were  factitious.  The  blue 
were  blue  lyas  ;  the  white,  marble ;  the  yellow,  stone. 
The  tesserce  of  the  inner  circle,  containing  the  figure, 
were  smaller,  the  white  cubes  being  the  third  of  an 
inch  and  the  coloured  ones  less.  The  larger  circle 
contained  within  its  circumference  six  smaller  ones 
which  were  hexagonal,  each  bounded  by  a  fret  similar  to 
that  already  described.  Within  these  hexagons  were 
figures  of  dancing  nymphs  ;  none  of  which  were  perfect, 
and  one  was  completely  destroyed.  They  were  well 
drawn,  except  that  the  upper  part  of  the  legs  appeared 
too  short.  In  the  centre  was  a  hexagonal  piscina,  or 
cistern  of  stone,  4ft.  in  diameter,  and  1ft.  7fin.  deep, 
with  a  stone  border  round.  It  had  a  step  at  nearly 
half  its  depth,  5^in.  wide.  At  the  bottom  of  the 
cistern  was  a  hole  Sin.  in  diameter,  from  which,  as  was 
afterwards  discovered,  a  leaden  pipe,  l^in.  in  diameter, 
laid  in  a  sort  of  stone  gutter,  ran  in  a  southerly  direc- 
tion. The  spandrels  of  the  larger  compartment  were 
filled  with  ivy  leaves,  those  at  the  south-eastern  corner 
proceeding  from  a  goblet.     This  room  had  been  heated 

1^  A  fret  is,  in  architecture,  the  in-  tecture, an  ornament  composed  of  curved 

terlacing  of  bars  or  fillets,  from  the  old  fillets,  which  by   repetition  form  a  con. 

French     freter,      croiser.      (Wedgwood,  tinued  series. — Brand  &  Cox's  Dictiou- 

'  Dictionary  of  English  Etymology.')  ary  of     Science,    Literature,    and  Ai-t, 

'*  Guilloche  (Fr.  guillochis),  in  archi-  vol.  ii.,  p.  75. 


THE    ROMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    BIGNOR.  77 

by  a  hypocaust,  the  flues  of  winch,  having  given  way  in 
parts,  had  rendered  the  pavement  uneven. 

About  30ft.  west  of  this  pavement  another  large  one 
(N"o.  26)  was  discovered.  It  consisted  of  two  principal 
divisions,  one  12ft.  9in.  square,  the  other  12ft.  Sin. 
Enough  only  was  left  of  this  to  suggest  what  the  nature 
of  the  design  must  have  been.  The  compartment  at  the 
north  end  of  this  room  contained  four  octagonal  divisions, 
each  including  a  star  ingeniously  formed  by  interlaced 
squares,  which  also  produced  an  inner  octagon,  in  which 
appeared  to  have  been  a  head,  illustrative  of  each  of  the 
Seasons.  One  at  the  north-eastern  corner  remained, 
representing  Winter.  The  head  and  bust  were  enveloped 
in  drapery,  and  a  leafless  branch  appeared  at  the  side,  as 
if  held  in  the  hand.  The  borders  of  these  octagons  were 
formed  of  guilloches,  similar  to  those  already  described. 
What  had  been  in  the  centre  could  only  be  conjectured. 
The  ash  trees,  which  grew  over  this  spot,  may  have 
destroyed  it.  The  other  square  compartment  had  a  circle, 
within  which  were  eight  hexagonal  divisions,  each  con- 
nected with  the  eight  sides  of  a  centre  octagon,  bounded 
by  a  guilloche  of  red,  yellow,  and  white  tesserce,  alternating 
with  blue,  ash,  and  white.  The  angular  spaces  between 
the  hexagons  contained  an  inscription,  of  which  the  letters 
T  R  remained  in  one.  In  the  spandrels  left  by  the  circle, 
the  guilloches  formed  ovals,  in  one  of  which  was  the 
figure  of  a  boy.  The  figures  of  dolphins  were  on  two 
sides  of  the  square,  with  a  pheasant  and  coraucopia  on 
the  outside.  At  the  north  corner  of  the  room  the  wall, 
to  the  height  of  two  feet,  still  rem  lined,  between  which 
and  the  Mosaic  appeared  to  have  been  a  space  paved 
with  coarse  red  tesserce.  The  size  of  the  room  was  40ft. 
4in.  by  17ft. 

At  the  end  of  the  year  the  pavements  were  covered 
up  with  earth  to  prevent  the  frost  injuring  them.  The 
following  year,  18  L2,  Mr.  Lysons  paid  a  visit  to  John 
Hawkins,  Esq.,  of  Bignor  Park,  for  the  purpose  of  exam- 
ining these  remains. 

They  began  their  investigations  by  removing  the  earth 
from  the  first  discovered  pavement  (N^o.  7.)   It  proved  to  be 


78  THE    EOMAN    MOSxilC    PAVEMENTS    AT   BIGNOR. 

a  room  19ft.  by  30ft.,  witli  a  recess  at  tlie  nortli  side  20ft. 
lOin.  wide.  The  walls  on  the  east,  west,  and  north  sides 
were  2ft.  Gin.  thick,  and  that  on  the  south  side  3ft.  Be- 
tween the  Mosaic  pattern  and  the  wall  was  a  space  of 
coarse  red  brick  tesserce.  On  the  east  and  west  it  varied 
from  4ft.  Gin.  to  5ft.  It  was  4ft.  lOin.  on  the  north  side, 
and  1ft.  lOin.  on  the  south.  The  walls  of  the  recess  were 
at  right  angles,  but  in  the  main  compartment  they  were 
not  so.  The  Mosaic  appeared  as  if  accommodated  to  this 
irregularity.  It  seems  probable  that  this  room  was  a 
Triclinium,  or  Dining-room.  The  walls  had  been  orna- 
mented with  paintings  on  stucco.  The  walls  of  room  (No. 
2G)  still  had  stucco  of  a  plain  red  colour  remaining  on 
them. 

On  the  west  side  of  the  recess  in  the  room  (No.  7),  was 
a  room  (No.  6  on  plan)  20ft.  by  Oft.  9in.,  also  having  a 
Mosaic  pavement.  This  pavement  comprised  two  squares 
of  5ft.  4in.,  separated  by  an  oblong  band  oft.  4in.by  I'ft.  Gin. 
In  this  oblong  were  represented  two  scrolls  of  ivy  leaves 
issuing  from  a  goblet,  with  a  guilloche,  and  another 
border  of  black  and  white.  One  of  the  s<piare  compart- 
ments contained  an  octagon,  in  the  middle  of  which  was 
the  representation  of  a  rose.  The  other  had  a  kind  of 
star  with  twelve  points.  The  pavement  was  several  inches 
above  the  one  first  described,  with  the  Ganymede.  There 
was  no  doorway  between  the  two,  but  there  was  a  door- 
way at  the  opposite  end  of  this  room  (No.  6),  leading  into 
another  room  (No.  5)  22ft.  by  lOin. 

On  the  south  of  the  room  (No.  7)  the  foundation  walls 
of  a  crypto-porticus  (No.  10)  were  discovered,  lOft.  wide, 
which  was  traced  150ft.  to  the  east.  At  the  west  end  about 
65ft.  of  tesselated  pavement  were  found.  The  pattern 
was  a  labyrinth  fret,  of  blue  tesserce  of  |-in.,  with  a 
border  of  red  and  white  running  on  each  side  of  it.  On 
the  north  side  of  this  gallery  the  remains  of  a  range  of 
rooms  running  eastward  were  discovered.  The  one  (No. 
]2)  next  the  Ganymede  room  was  19ft.  2in.  by  18ft.  9in., 
and  had  a  floor  of  light  red  terras.  The  adjoining  room 
(No.  13)  was  of  the  same  size,  paved  with  light  brown 
tesserce ;  adjoining  the  north  wall  of  these  two  rooms  was 


THE    ROMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    BIGNOR.  79 

a  room  (No.  8)  16ffc.  square,  with  a  Mosaic  pavement  8ft. 
square,  made  up  of  squares,  rhombs  and  triangles. 

The  prce-fmmium  of  a  hypocaust,  which  heated  No.  7 
and  other  rooms,  was  found  on  the  north  side  of  room 
No.  6,  and  consisted  of  two  walls  18in.  thick  and 
i8in.  apart;  between  them  was  a  sort  of  arch  formed  by 
over-lapping  bricks,  which  communicated  with  the  flues 
under  the  different  pavements. 

About  thirty  feet  north  of  room  No.  5,  a  piece  of  fine 
Mosaic  was  laid  open,  '  a  little  below  the  bottom  of  the 
ditch  on  the  north  side  of  the  field.'  It  seemed  to  belong 
to  a  large  pavement  (No.  8),  but  the  season  being  ad- 
vanced, it  was  covered  up  again  until  1818,  when  the 
investigation  was  resumed.  This  pavement  proved  to  be 
a  parallelogram  22ft.  by  19ft.  lOin.,  with  a  semi-circular 
recess  at  the  north  end  10ft.  in  diameter.  The  room 
No.  5  appeared  to  be  an  ante-room  to  this. 

The  design  was  as  follows  ".—Within  a  large  square 
was  an  octagon,  having  a  smaller  octagon  in  the  middle, 
from  each  side  of  which  latter  one  proceeded 
oblongs  in  the  middle  of  which  were  cupids,  dancing 
like  Bacchantes.  The  centre  of  the  design  was  des- 
troyed, evidently  by  the  fall  of  the  roof,  part  of  which 
was  seen  down  in  the  hypocaust  thus  laid  open,  dis- 
covering blocks  of  stone  2ft.  Gin.  high,  with  large 
bricks  upon  them. 

Each  of  the  above  mentioned  oblongs  was  2ft.  9in. 
by  16in.  Two  of  the  corners  of  the  square  contained 
urns  with  fruit  and  foliage.  The  others  were  filled  with 
cornitcopice  and  foliage.  Aguilloche  bounded  the  design. 
A  band  or  oblong  compartment  divided  the  square  from 
the  semi-circular  recess,  and  was  13ft.  7in.  by  2ft. 
Gin.  It  contained  twelve  figures  of  cupids,  habited  as 
gladiators,  exhibiting  a  complete  representation  of  the  re- 
tiariisiTid  secutores  (illustrated  on  the  opposite  page).  The 
secutores  wore  that  kind  of  armour,  which  gave  them  the 
name  of  Samnites,  and  is  described  by  Livy  as  consisting 
of  a  shield  wider  at  the  top  than  the  bottom,  a  greave  for 
the  left  leg,  and  a  crested  helmet.  The  retiarii  appear  as 
was  their  wont,  with  the  head  uncovered,  and  a  trident  in 


80  THE    EOMAN   MOSAIC   PAVEMENTS    AT   BIGNOE. 

their  left  liands.  The  net  appears  in  the  left  hand  of  the 
one  preparing  for  the  combat.  In  the  other  it  would 
seem  to  be  concealed.  The  rw<i7'anV  were  also  represented. 
They  were  veterans,  who  carried  a  rod,  and  instructed  the 
young  and  directed  the  combat.  The  design  seems  to 
represent  four  different  scenes.  In  one  tlie  combatants 
are  preparing  for  the  contest.  In  another  they  are  en- 
gaged. In  the  third  the  retiarius  is  wounded,  and  in  the 
last  he  has  fallen  disarmed  and  wounded  in  the  thigh. 
The  Mosaic  in  the  semi-circular  recess  is  formed  by  a 
guilloche  enclosing  a  scroll  with  flowers  out  of  a  goblet, 
having  in  the  middle  a  circle  containing  a  female  head, 
surrounded  with  a  blue  nimbus.  The  shoulders  are  bare, 
leaving  little  doubt  of  its  being  a  representation  of 
Venus.  Cornucopice  with  festoons  of  foliage,  and  two 
birds,  representing  pheasants,  wave  on  either  side  of  the 
circle  containing  the  head. 

To  the  west  of  this  room  (No.  3),  the  walls  of  a  court 
(No.  1)  were  traced  containing  an  area  of  30ft., 
filled  with  broken  bricks  and  tiles  ;  no  pavement  was 
found,  but,  near  to  it,  the  base  of  a  column  and  part  of  a 
shaft,  with  irregular  mouldings,  evidently  of  a  much  later 
date  than  the  Mosaics.  At  the  w^est  end  of  the  ante- 
room (No.  5)  a  room  (No.  4)  of  8ft.  2in.  by  12ft.  was 
found  with  two  doorways,  one  leading  into  the  ante- 
room, the  other  into  the  Court  (No.  1). 

The  continuation  of  the  west  end  of  the  crypfo-porticiis 
(No.  10)  was  next  explored,  and  was  traced  for  100ft. 
Many  cross  walls  were  met  with,  sufficiently  shewing  that 
there  had  been  a  range  of  rooms  running  north  and 
south,  connected  with  that  running  east  and  west,  prov- 
ing the  whole  to  have  been  a  large  edifice  built  round  a 
court. 

Hoom  No.  27  had  a  terras  floor,  nearly  2ft.  below 
the  level  of  the  pavement  of  room  No.  26.  The  walls, 
which  remained  pretty  perfect  to  the  height  of  two 
feet  on  the  east,  north,  and  south  sides,  were  covered 
with  red  stucco,  two  inches  thick,  with  a  plaster  skirting 
at  the  bottom.  The  same  was  noticed  in  other  rooms. 
On  the  east  side  of  No.  27  a  fire  place  was  found,  21  ^in. 


I  THE    EOMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMEXTS    AT    BIGNOR.  81 

wide  in  front,  Sin.  deep,  and  17in.  wide  at  the  back,  with  a 
hearth  formed  of  eight  7-in.  bricks,  which  had  been 
cramped  together  with  iron;  no  part  of  any  chimney  re- 
mained. Mr.  Lysons  remarks  "  that  he  was  not  aware 
of  any  open  fire-place  of  this  kind  having  been  discovered 
elsewhere  in  the  remains  of  a  Roman  building,  though  it 
is  certain  from  various  passages  of  the  classical  writers, 
that  other  means  were  employed  by  the  ancients  for 
warming  their  apartments,  besides  hypocausts.  The 
caminus  is  mentioned  by  Cicero,  Horace,  and  Yitruvius 
and  others. "^"^ 

Forty-four  feet  from  the  south  wall  of  No.  27  another 
room  (N"o.  29)  was  discovered  16ft.  5in.  by  15ft.  6in.  A 
fourth  part  of  the  floor  had  a  coarse  tesselated  pavement 
of  a  light  brown  coloured  stone.  There  was  a  fire-place 
here  on  the  west  wall  similar  to  the  one  described  above, 
having  an  opening  19^in.  wide,  with  a  hearth  composed 
of  four  square  bricks. 

In  the  autumn  of  the  same  year,  at  the  east  end  of  the 
crypto-porticas,  a  second  gallery  (No.  ]  1 )  was  found, 
separated  from  the  former  by  a  wall,  and  running  into  a 
field  called  the  town  field.  This  second  crypto-porticus^ 
was  10ft.  wide,  like  the  other,  and  68ft.  long,  making  an 
extraordinary  ambulatio  of  227ft. ;  part  of  a  tesselated 
pavement  remained  in  about  the  middle  of  the  lesser 
gallery. 

The  foundations  of  five  other  rooms  (14, 15,  16,  1 7,  and 
24  on  plan)  running  east  from  the  Tnclinium  (No.  7) 
along  the  whole  length  of  the  crypto-porticiis,  were  found, 
in  addition  to  those  already  described,  of  the  following 
dimensions— 8ft.  lin.  by  18ft.  lOin.,  16ft.  6in.  by 
18ft.  lOin.,  25ft.  by  18ft.  JOin.,  16ft.  Sin.  by  18ft.  lOin., 
26ft.  6in.  by  18ft.  iOin.  At  the  east  end  of  this  range 
were  the  foundations  of  two  other  rooms  (Nos.  22,  23) — 
13ft.  2in.  by  24ft.,  and  18ft.  Sin.  by  18ft.  Gin.,  and  a 
passage    (No.    20)    18ft.   6in.   long,    by   4ft.    lin.  wide, 

^®  The    reader    may    remember,    in  '  Trivici 

Horace's  amusing  account  of  his  Villa  recepissit,  lacrimoso  non  sine 
journey  to  Brundusium,  how  the  cami-  fumo, 

nus  at  TrivicuB  emitted  a  smoke,  that  Udos  cum  foliis  ramos  nrcnte  camino: 

brought  tears  into  his  eyes.  ^erm.  I.,  Sat,  v,  7'J. 

XXX.  ^ 


82  THE    ROMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    BIGNOR. 

running  nortli,  where  tlie  building  appeared  to  have 
extended  further  into  the  town  field.  None  of  the  above 
rooms  bad  tesselated  pavements.  One  of  them  (No.  16) 
appeared  to  have  been  floored  with  bricks,  lOfin.  square, 
and  another  (No.  17)  to  have  been  paved  with  large 
flag  stones. 

At  the  east  end  of  room  (No.  23)  were  the  foundations 
of  a  building  (No.  63)  with  a  semi-circular  south-east 
side.  The  east  wall  of  the  edifice  did  not  run  at  right 
angles  with  the  cn/pto-porticus,  but  took  a  diagonal  course, 
N.E.  to  S.W.  There  were  no  apartments  on  the  east 
side  of  the  great  court.  The  wall  was  traced  133  feet  to 
the  south,  where  a  cross  wall  met  it.  At  eight  feet  from 
this  another  wall  occurred,  which,  being  traced  west,  was 
found  to  be  the  remains  of  a  crypto-porticus  (45)  on  the 
south  side  of  the  court,  communicating  with  a  range  of 
rooms  to  the  south,  of  which  some  at  the  east  end  pre- 
sented the  remains  of  baths,  the  most  eastern  of  which 
(No.  66  on  plan),  adjoining  the  diagonal  wall  above 
described,  contained  a  Mosaic ;  it  would  have  been  a 
square  room  of  25  feet,  but  for  the  diagonal  east  wall. 

This  Mosaic  was  in  a  better  state  of  preservation  than 
any  which  had  hitherto  been  discovered  on  the  spot.  The 
design  was  a  square,  with  four  stars  inside,  formed  by 
two  interlaced  squares  bounded  by  guilloches ;  in  the 
middle  of  each  star  was  a  circle  of  three  borders,  with  a 
flower  in  the  centre.  In  the  midst  of  the  pavement 
there  was  a  representation  of  the  head  of  Medusa,  en- 
circled by  borders.  Outside  the  Mosaic  pattern  were 
three  rows  of  black  and  red  tiles,  laid  chequer-wise.  The 
fragment  of  a  Doric  column  was  found  lying  on  the  pave- 
ment; and  the  marks  of  another  suggested,  that  the  two 
had  formed  the  jambs  of  the  doorway  leading  into  the 
next  room  (No.  55) ;  the  floor  of  which  room  was  com- 
posed of  black  and  white  stones,  laid  chequer-wise.  The 
black  was  a  kind  of  slate.  Nearly  in  the  middle  of  this 
room  (No.  55)  was  a  bath,  18ft.  from  east  to  west,  and 
3ft.  2in.  deep.  It  had  three  steps  on  three  of  the  sides. 
The  steps  on  the  north  side  were  covered  with  smoothly 
wrought  stones.      The  other  steps  and  the  bottom  of  the 


THE    rOMAN    JIOSAIC    TAVEWENTS    AT   EIGNOE.  83 

bath  were  laid  with  terras  two  inches  thick,  resting  upon 
bricks.  Fragments  of  a  cornice  were  also  found  in  this 
room. 

In  the  next  room  (No.  52)  but  one  to  this,  a  coarse 
tesselated  pavement  was  exposed,  and  below  it  a 
liypocaust,  communicating  with  a  larger  one  under  rooms 
(Nos.  53,  54)  by  means  of  a  brick  arch,  3ft.  9in.  wide, 
and  3ft.  2in.  high.  Immediately  over  this  archway  was 
a  doorway. 

In  the  month  of  July,  1815,  on  resuming  the  investi- 
gation at  the  N.W.  angle  of  the  villa,  and  removing  the 
rubbish  from  what  appeared  to  be  a  court,  30ft  square, 
the  inner  walls  of  a  kind  of  portico  (No.  4)  were  found, 
which  appeared  to  have  been  plastered,  and  built  cloister- 
fashion,  and  fragments  of  columns  have  since  come  to  light 
justifying  this  theory. 

The  bath  in  the  bath  room  (No.  55)  was  next  examined. 
When  the  earth  was  entirely  removed  from  the  bath,  it 
proved  to  have  been  an  oblong,  18ft.  2in.  long  by 
12ft.  wide,  with  a  recess  terminating  in  the  segment  of  a 
circle. 

Mr.  Lysons'  opinion  on  the  probable  origin  of  the 
Villa  has  been  already  alluded  to.  He  evidently  con- 
sidered it  to  have  been  a  work  of  the  reign  of  Vespasian, 
or  Titus,  who,  by-the-by,  only  reigned  one  year;  and, 
as  Cogidubnus  held  some  kind  of  post  under  the  Romans 
in  these  parts  for  many  years,  he  thinks  it  may  have 
been,  as  has  been  stated,  his  residence. 

In  February,  1818,  Mr.  Lysons  read  another  paper 
before  the  Society  of  Antiquaries,  being  "  An  account  of 
further  discoveries  of  the  remains  of  a  Roman  Villa,  at 
Bignor,  in  Sussex,"  in  which  he  said^^ : — In  1816  and 
1817,  by  tracing  the  remains  of  walls,  it  was  discovered 
that  the  crypto-porticus  extended  all  round  the  court. 
The  western  cryiito-porticus  was  8ft.  wide,  and  108ft. 
long,  including  a  small  room  at  the  north  end,  having  a 
Mosaic  pavement,  of  rude  workmanship,  with  a  Medusa's 
head  in  the  middle.     Sevei'al  rooms  besides  the  crypto- 

^'  xix  Arcbseologia,  176. 


k 


84  THE    KOMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    BTGNOR. 

porticus   were   discovered   on    the  western    side  of   the 
great  court. 

B}^  digging  further  eastward  of  the  single  wall,  above 
described,  an  eastern  crypto-porticns  was  discovered, 
completing  the  quadrangle.  Foundations  of  buildings 
extending  181ft.  into  the  Town  Field,  as  it  is  called, 
were  also  discovered;  several  of  tbem  were  of  large 
extent,  and  enclosed  by  a  boundary  wall  of  considerable 
thickness  not  built  at  right  angles  to  the  great  court. 
The  dimensions  of  this  enclosure  were  as  follows  : — 


FEKT. 

IN. 

East  side 

277 

4 

West  side 

385 

5 

North  side 

286 

0 

South  side 

322 

8 

The  walls  of  the  building  at  the  south-east  corner  of  this 
court  were  from  2ft.  8in.  to  3ft.  thick.^^ 

Having  now  presented  the  reader  with  the  various 
opinions  which  have  been  entertained  by  myself  and 
others  respecting  the  origin  of  this  Villa,  and  having 
given  him  an  epitome  of  Mr.  Lysons'  history  of  the  dis- 
covery of  it,  and  the  condition  ho  himself  found  the  pave- 
ments in  at  that  time,  I  have  only  to  add  a  few  words  on 
the  locality  itself,  and  a  short  account  of  a  visit  which  I 
made  last  August  to  the  spot,  which  had  so  greatly 
awakened  my  interest,  as  I  have  already  stated,  years  ago. 

The  village  of  Bignor  is  situated  in  what  in  these  daj^s 
of  railroads,  must  be  considered  a  remote  and  secluded 
nook,  although  a  very  beautiful  one,  of  the  Southdowns. 
The  nearest  railway  station  is  that  of  Amberley,  which 
is  rather  more  than  three  miles  distant,  to  the  south-east, 
on  the  ]V1  id-Sussex  line  of  railway.  Petworth  Station,  on 
the  Horsham  and  Petersfield  hue,  although  the  town  of 
Petworth  is  6  miles  distant  from  the  pavements,  cannot 
be  much  further  off,  as  the  station  itself  is  two  miles  from 
Petworth  in  the  Bignor  direction.  But,  unless  the  visitor 
is  a  pedestrian,  he  will  find  it  more  convenient  to  alight 

i*The  bust  found  at  Bignor  and  figured       manse,  I  belieye  to  represent  Ceres, 
in  Mr.  Lysons'  Keliquise  Britaunico-Ko- 


THE    EOMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    BIGNOR.  85 

at  Arundel  Station,  as  here  he  will  have  no  difficulty  in 
procuring  a  conveyance  to  take  him  to  Bignor.  Arundel 
Station,  where  an  omnibus  meets  all  the  trains,  is  about 
three  quarters  of  a  mile  from  the  town,  and  if  the  tourist 
is  not  already  acquainted  with  the  neighbourhood,  it  will 
add  not  a  little  to  his  enjoyment  of  a  visit  to  Bignor  to 
glance  at  stately  Arundel  on  his  way ;  traverse  the  park, 
and  survey  the  winding  course  of  the  Arun  ;  the  woods  of 
Parham,  and  a  considerable  part  of  the  wealden,  from  the 
top  of  Bury  Hill.  Descending  this,  some  two  miles  drive 
in  a  north-western  direction  will  bring  him  to  the  site  of 
the  Villa.  The  village  of  Bignor  is  half -a-mile  further  to 
the  west,  as  he  will  see  by  the  red  roof  of  the  recently 
restored  very  E.  E.  church,  peering  among  the  trees,  and 
behind  which  the  Southdowns  almost  seem  to  tower. 

When  I  was  on  the  spot  in  the  month  of  August  last, 
whilst  the  driver  went  on  to  Mr.  Tupper's  house  to  pro- 
cure a  guide,  I  walked  to  the  site  of  the  Villa.  When 
these  Mosaics  were  first  discovered,  they  were,  as  we 
have  seen,  carefully  covered  over  with  earth  every 
winter  to  protect  them  from  the  frost,  but,  after  a  time, 
substantial  thatched  huts  of  brick  and  flint  were  built 
over  them,  and  these  have  now  been  in  existence  for  half 
a  century.  There  are  five  of  these  huts  covering 
the  eight  Mosaics.  The  greater  part  of  the  site,  which  is 
estimated  at  five  acres  in  extent,  is  under  cultivation, 
and  when  I  saw  it,  a  promising  crop  of  wheat  was  grow- 
ing in  the  great  court,  around  which  the  principal  rooms, 
as  indicated  by  the  Mosiacs,  were  arranged. 

On  a  bright  summer's  day,  the  visitor  will  not  grudge 
the  few  minutes  he  may  have  to  spend  here,  whilst  he  is 
waiting  for  Mr.  Tupper  to  come  and  open  the  huts.  He 
will  involuntarily  say  to  himself,  that  whoever  the 
builder  of  the  Villa  was,  he  had  an  eye  for  the  pic- 
turesque, and  was  no  mean  judge  of  what  constituted  a 
pleasant  site  for  a  house.  The  ground  on  which  the 
Villa  stood  slopes  away  gently  to  the  south,  and  com- 
mands one  of  the  least  monotonous  of  Down  views  with 
which  I  am  acquainted.  The  Downs  above  Bignor  are 
really  lofty,  and  they  fall  gradiiall^^,  but  irregularly,  to  the 


I 


86  THE    EOMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMKNTS    AT    BIUNOR. 

valley  of  the  Arun.  Beyond  this  river,  and  just  above 
Amberley,  chalk  cliffs  rise,  whence  a  long  range  of  the 
Downs  stretches  away  to  the  east,  by  Findon  and  Chanc- 
tonbury.  The  middle  distance  on  the  Bignor  side  of 
the  river,  is  richly  wooded,  whilst  Chanctonbiiry  Ring, 
814ft.  high,  wears  that  aerial  tint,  which  is  so  pleasing  to 
the  painter's  eye.  Mr.  Dallaway  extols  the  Italian 
character  of  the  scenery  here,  and  Charlotte  Smith,  who 
lived  at  Bignor  Park,  and,  although  a  native  of  London, 
is  reckoned  by  Mr.  Dallaway  amongst  the  literati  of 
Sussex,  and  who  must  often  have  wandered  over  the  site 
of  this  Villa,  in  ignorance  of  what  was  under  her  feet, 
although  her  poems  abound  with  classical  allusions  to 
Cupids  and  Goddesses,  makes  continued  references  to  the 
scenery  of  Bignor.  Perhaps  her  verses  had  some  in- 
fluence with  the  fairies,  who  determined  that  the  loves 
and  Cupids,  so  much  appealed  to,  should  at  last  put  in  an 
appearance.  No  doubt  an  imaginative  Roman  might,  on 
a  summer's  day,  whilst  looking  at  the  view,  find  his 
ihoughts  wandering  off  to  Tusculum,  and  the  '  Albanus 
]Mons'  (the  modern  'Monte  Cavo'),  the  Chanctonburj-  of 
that  chain  of  hills,  on  which  are  situated  Frascati  and 
Albano. 

1  was  fortunate  in  having  Mr.  Tupper  himself  as  my 
guide.  His  life-long  acquaintance  with  these  Mosaics 
imparts  a  classical  flavour  to  his  remarks  not  very  often 
met  with  in  a  yeoman  farmer  of  however  substantial  a 
kind.  When  he  opened  the  hut,  containing  the 
first  discovered  Mosaic,  representing  the  eagle  with 
Ganymede,  I  felt  a  little  surprise  and  disappointment.  I 
knew  not  whether  it  was  due  to  my  having  recently  ex- 
amine d  the  splendid  illustrations  of  these  pavements  in 
Mr.  Lyson's  Reliquise  Bi  itannico-Romanre,  but  it  had  an 
appearance  of  greater  age  and  decay  than  I  seemed  to 
recollect  its  having  had  when  I  first  saw  it.  Mr.  Tupper 
does  not  consider  that  the  pavements  have  suffered  much 
within  his  recollection,  Avhich  extends  back  many  years, 
but  the  action  of  time  on  anything  is  proverbially  slowly 
perceived  by  those  who  have  it,  whatever  it  may  be,  con- 
stantly under  their  observation.     Twenty   years  or  more 


THE    ROMAN    MOSAIC    PAVE\I1']NPS    AT    BiaXOR.  87 

had  elapsed  since  I  first  saw  these  Mosaics,  and  as  far  as 
I  conld  recall  my  impressions  of  their  condition  at  that 
period,  and  particularly  of  this  one,  I  should  say  that 
time  had  certainly  done  its  work  here.  Tlie  figure  of 
Ganymede  in  the  talons  of  the  eagle  was  almost  perfect, 
now  it  is  defaced  by  two  fissures  extending  from  the  centre 
to  the  circumference  of  the  design,  one  running  north- 
east and  the  other  south-east.  The  pavement  is 
very  uneven,  but  notwithstanding  this,  the  tesserce 
adhere  very  closely  together.  The  reds  or  browns, 
whichever  they  are,  have  the  blackish  looking  tint  of 
congealed  blood.  The  blacks  are  very  apt  to  acquire  a 
milclewy  look,  but  this  whiteness  will,  I  believe,  rub  off. 
The  tessercB  near  the  fissures  have  a  tendency  to  work  out. 
Having  since  seen  many  more  Eoman  remains  in  different 
parts  of  the  world  than  I  had  when  I  saw  Bignor  for  the 
first  time,  I  am  more  than  ever  convinced  of  the  great 
antiquity  of  the  Villa.  In  a  letter  addressed  to  Mr. 
Lysons,  and  dated  June  14,  1815,  !Sir  Humphrey  Davy 
states  that  having  examined  the  colours  on  the  walls  of 
the  Roman  Villa  at  Bignor,  he  has  found  them  to  be  the 
same  in  composition  as  those  used  in  the  Baths  of  Titus 
at  Rome,  and  the  houses  at  Pompeii  and  Herculaneum. 
Powdered  brick  and  stone  instead  of  powdered  brick  and 
marble,  as  in  Italy,  have  been  used.  It  is  more  than 
probable  that  these  pavements  were  existing  in  the  time 
of  Titus,  A.D.,  79,  and  that  Romans  were  dwelling  here, 
when  intelligence  arrived  of  the  awful  catastrophe  which 
buried  those  cities  under  ashes  and  lava. 

The  pavement  in  room  No.  6  (20ft.  by  9ft.  9in.),  which 
consists  of  a  pattern  formed  by  a  guilloche,  enclosing 
flowers  and  leaves,  is  in  a  very  good  state  of  preservation, 
but,  although  not  nearly  so  uneven  as  the  large  pavement 
above  referred  to,  is  by  no  means  quite  level. 

The  room  No.  5,  which  I  consider  may  have  been  the 
Tablinum,  or  reception  room,  which  Mr.  Lysons  dis- 
tinguishes as  the  Venus  room,  and  others,  mistaking 
pheasants  for  peacocks,  have  called  after  Juno,  is  on  the 
whole  in  the  best  state  of  preservation  of  any  of  the 
Mosaics.     The  beauty  of  this  pavement  must  delight  any 


88  THE    EOMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    BIGNOB. 

one  wlio  sees  it.  The  female  head  surrounded  with  the 
blue  nimbus,  and  the  parallelogram,  in  which  are  repre- 
sented the  cupids,  habited  like  warriors,  and  which 
separates  the  semi-circular  compartment  from  the  main 
design,  are  in  an  excellent  state  of  preservation  and  very 
even.  The  centre  at  the  time  of  its  discovery  was  in  a 
■much  dilapidated  state,  and  of  course  it  does  not  grow 
less  so  as  the  tesserce  are  continually  working  out,  and 
increasing  the  appearance  of  decay. 

The  large  room,  forty  feet  long,  of  which  only  enough 
of  the  Mosaic  remained  to  conjecture  what  the  nature  of 
the  design  may  have  been,  and  still  having  the  Head  of 
Winter,  and  the  withered  branch  in  one  of  the  main 
divisions,  and  the  letters  T.  R,,  already  commented  upon, 
in  the  other,  has  not  suffered  very  much  from  the  action 
of  time. 

There  is  one  other  Mosaic,  the  condition  of  which  calls 
for  particular  notice,  because  it  illustrates  the  source  of 
the  mischief,  which  is  destroying  these   most  interesting 
remains,  and  at  the  same  time,  points  to  the  remedy.  Mr. 
Lysons  particularly  remarks  upon  the  excellent  condition 
in    which    this    was    found,    and   it   is,    at    the    present 
time,  in  a  more  ruinous  state  than  any  of  the  others*! 
The  design  consisted  of  a  square,  with  stars  inside,  andM 
a    medallion    in    the     middle,    with     a    Medusa    Head.[! 
Scarcely  any  of  the  pavement  now  remains  but  the  Head;  | 
The  reason  of  this  is  obvious.     The  hut  which   has  been 
built  over  it  is  quite  isolated,  and  unprotected  by  the  other 
huts,  or  even  by  trees  or  hedges.     It  may  be  safely  said  i 
that  the  various    Mosaics   have  been  preserved   exactly 
in  proportion    as    they  have    been    sheltered    from   the 
w^eather.     If  then  the  cognoscenti  of  the  S.A.S.  should  be 
of  opinion,  as  I  hope  they  will,  that  these  pavements  are 
gradually  perishing  and  desire  their  preservation  in  their 
present  locality,  I  can  suggest  no  better  way  of  further- 
ing this  object  than  by  thickening  the  walls  of  the  huts, 
or  even  surrounding  them  with  small  yards. 

I  may,  perhaps,  also  be  pardoned  for  reminding  the 
members  of  the  S.A.S.  that  they  are  the  guardians, 
at  least  morally  so,   of  the   antiquities  existing  in  the 


THE    KOMAN    MOSAIC    PAVEMENTS    AT    BIGNOR.  89 

county,  and  that  it  really  will  be  a  reproacli  to  us,  if 
we  do  not  come  forward  to  arrest,  if  possible,  the  decay  or 
destruction  of  any  object  of  real  antiquarian  interest. 
Mr.  Tupper  and  his  family,  the  owners  and  occupiers  of 
the  land,  where  these  remains  were  found,  deserve  every 
commendation  for  what  they  have  done  to  preserve  them, 
and  for  their  public  spirit  with  respect  to  them.  Still  it  is 
expecting  too  much,  to  suppose  they  would  be  willing 
to  make  additional  outlay  upon  that  which,  however 
interesting,  must  have  proved  to  them,  in  the  long  run, 
a  source  of  much  more  trouble  than  profit. 

It  is  almost  to  be  regretted  that,  when  the  Villa  was 
first  discovered  and  laid  open,  it  was  not  left  so,  instead 
of  being  covered  up  again.  Had  a  wall  been  built  round 
it,  and  the  enclosure  converted  into  a  garden,  having  a 
small  cottage  in  it  for  the  Custodian,  giving  a  soignee 
appearance  to  the  whole,  it  would,  I  believe  (after  noticing 
with  what  eagerness  the  casual  tourist  in  these  days  runs 
to  see  any  sight  within  his  reach),  have  rendered  it  a  still 
more  attractive  object  to  him,  even  if  it  had  not  proved 
a  profitable  investment  to  the  owner,  and  would  have 
certainly  saved  it  from  the  inroads  of  time ;  and  when 
we  consider  how  one  of  the  greatest  attractions  in  a  tour 
to  Italy  is  a  visit  to  Pompeii,  one  must  lament  that  the 
public  should  be  comparatively  ignorant  of  what  is  a 
scarcely  less  remarkable  resuscitation  of  the  tokens  of 
Roman  life  here,  in  our  own  country,  than  is  afforded  in 
that  ruined  and  deserted,  but  once  thronged  and  pros- 
perous, city  in  Campania. 


k 


XXX.  N 


SOME   REMARKS 

ON 

"  A  HISTORY  OF  THE  CASTLES,  MANSIONS, 
AND  MANORS  OF  WESTERN  SUSSEX, 

By  Dudley  George  Gary  Elwes,  Esq.,  F.S.A., 

ASSISTED    BY    THE 

Eev.  Gharles   J.   E.OBINSON,   M.A.,  Vicar  of  Norton  Ganon, 
Herefordshire." 

By  the  Rev.  W.  R.  W.  STEPHENS. 

FIRST  NOTICE. 

[This  work  forms  so  important  and  valuable  an  addition  to  our  County- 
Literature,  that  it  is  to  be  hoped  the  following  notice  may  be  regarded 
only  as  prefatory  and  invitatory  to  others,  more  critical  and  exhaustive, 
and  that  it  may  be  often  referred  to  and  re-reviewed  in  our  subsequent 
volumes. — Ed.] 

"We  may  congratulate  the  authors  of  this  volume  on 
the  successful  accomplishment  of  a  long  and  laborious 
task.  To  unravel  intricate  pedigrees,  to  dig  out  informa- 
tion about  obscure  places  from  all  manner  of  sources,  in 
public  libraries  and  private  houses,  in  print  and  in  manu- 
script, to  sift  and  arrange  these  masses  of  material,  and 
turn  them  out  in  a  readable  form,  is  indeed  a  more  diffi- 
cult and  irksome  business  than  any  one  who  has  not 
attempted  it  can  easily  imagine. 

We  fear,  however,  that  the  public  is  often  very  insen- 
sible to  the  merit  of  labours  of  this  kind,  and  that  the 
profits  of  the  workmen  arc  too  commonly  in  inverse  pro- 


CASTLES,  MANSIONS,  AND  MANORS  OF  WESTERN  SUSSEX.        91 

portion  to  the  time,  toil,  and  money  expended  on  tlie 
work.  Yet  no  one,  who  wishes  to  study  intelligently  the 
history  of  his  own  country,  can  afford  to  overlook  local 
annals.  It  is  only  by  a  diligent  investigation  of  them, 
that  he  can  discover  wliat  the  actual  condition  of  the 
people  was  in  any  given  period.  The  statements  of  the 
general  historian  respecting  the  political  constitution, 
the  laws,  the  language,  the  social  condition,  the  manners 
and  customs  of  the  country,  as  a  whole,  should  be  tested, 
whenever  it  is  possible,  by  the  annals  of  particular  places. 
They  will  supply  interesting  illustrations  of  such  state- 
ments on  the  one  hand,  corroborating  their  accuracy  as 
sound  general  principles,  or,  on  the  other,  they  will  furnish 
carious  instances  of  deviation  from  the  rule ;  such 
exceptions  helping  us  either  to  prove  the  rule  or  to 
modify  it,  as  the  case  may  be. 

Now,  everything  relating  to  the  history  of  manors  in 
England  is  of  peculiar  interest,  because  the  growth  of 
manors  all  over  the  country  indicates  one  of  the  most 
vital  changes  in  the  political  constitution  of  the  people. 
The  word  '  manor  '  is  itself  of  Norman  origin:  prior  to  the 
Norman  Conquest  it  was  not  known  in  England;  yet 
though  the  name  is  wanting,  the  thing  which  it  signifies, 
or  something  very  like  it,  must  have  existed  before  the 
Conquest,  for  in  Domesday  we  find  the  manor  recognised 
as  a  long  established  territorial  arrangement.  The  fact 
is,  that  the  Norman  Conquest  only  hastened  and  com- 
pleted a  change  which  had  been  gradually  going  on  for  a 
considerable  time.  This  change  was  the  decay  of  free, 
independent,  self-governed  communities,  and  the  rise  of 
territorial  lords.  In  all  primitive  Teutonic  settlements, 
we  find  three  elements  clearly  marked :  the  democratic, 
the  aristocratic,  and  the  monarchic ;  there  is  a  constant 
tendency  on  the  part  of  the  two  latter  to  prevail  over 
the  first,  and  ultimately  they  gain  the  complete  mastery. 
The  primitive  Teutonic  community  occupies  its  own 
territory,  its  'mark,'  which  consists  of  land  of  two  kinds; 
first  the  common  land,  or  folc-land,  which  is  either  re- 
served for  the  public  use,  or  held  by  individuals  on  such 
terms  as  the  community  are  pleased  to  grant  it ;  secondly, 


92        CASTLES,  MANSIONS,  AND  MANORS  OP  WESTERN  SUSSEX. 

there  are  particular  possessions  of  individuals,  parcels  of 
land  assigned  to  them  by  common  consent,  as  their 
absolute  property,  held  of  no  superior,  subject  to  nothing 
but  the  laws  of  the  State.  This  was  the  '  odal '  or  '  alod.' 
Although  the  terra  '  mark '  rarely  occurs  in  early  English 
documents,  we  have  something  nearly  akin  to  it  in  the 
'  township,'  which  is  the  unit  or  starting  point  of  the 
constitutional  machinery  in  this  country.  An  aggregate 
of  townships  made  up  a  hundred,  and  an  aggregate  of 
hundreds  made  up  a  shire.  The  affairs  of  the  mark  or 
township,  the  hundred,  and  the  shire,  were  settled  in 
their  several  meetings  [moots  or  gemots]  which  every 
freeman  had  originally  the  right  of  attending.  Vestiges 
of  this  right  still  remain.  We  see  it  in  the  right  of  every 
ratepayer  to  attend  the  meetings  of  his  vestry,  for  the 
parish  is  only  a  township  or  cluster  of  townships,  viewed 
from  its  ecclesiastical  side.  The  right  of  the  markmen 
to  decide  whether  a  new  settler  should  be  admitted  to 
the  township,  still  lingers  in  the  form  of  admitting  a 
tenant  at  tlie  court  baron  and  customary  court  of  every 
manor :  their  right  to  determine  by-laws,'  and  make 
local  regulations  respecting  the  fencing  of  fields,  or  the 
proportion  of  cattle  to  be  turned  into  the  common 
pasture,  is  still  to  be  traced  in  the  manorial  courts.  So 
much  for  the  democratic  element.  But  in  all  Teutonic 
communities  there  was  an  aristocratic  and  monarchic 
element  also.  Besides  the  eorl  or  nobleman,  who  was 
such  commonly  as  claiming  descent  from  the  primitive 
leaders  of  the  settlement,  there  was  the  king  and  his 
followers  (gesiths  or  thegns).  The  king,  indeed,  was 
elected  by  the  Witanagemot,  or  national  assembly,  at 
which  originally  every  freeman  had  a  right  to  appear,  as 
he  had  in  the  gemot  of  the  township,  the  hundred,  and 
the  shire,  the  kingdom  being  an  aggregate  of  shires. 
And  as  the  king  was  elected,  so  also  he  could  be  deposed. 
Nevertheless,  the  power  of  the  king,  if  he  was  a  man  of 
ability  (and  it  was  the  custom  of  the  Witanagemot  to 
select  the  worthiest  man  of  the  royal  house),  was  very 

*   Said  to   be   derived  from  '  bj,'  the       in  Whitby,  etc.  ;  hence  the   '  by-law '  ia 
Danish  equivalent  for  'ton '  or  town,  aa       a  law  made  by  the  '  by '  or  townsbip. 


CASTLES,  MANSIONS,  AND  MANORS  OF  WESTERN  SUSSEX.        98 

great,  and  its  tendency  was  continually  to  increase  as 
the  kingdom  grew  larger.  For  with  the  extension  of  the 
kingdom  it  would  obviously  become  more  and  more 
difficult  for  the  freemen,  as  a  body,  to  attend  the  Witana- 
gemots,  and,  consequently,  these  assemblies  gradually 
shrank  into  meetings  of  an  aristocratic  nature,  attended 
by  the  royal  thanes,  and  all  the  great  officers  in  Church 
and  State,  presided  over  by  the  king.  It  was  at  these 
meetings  that  grants  were  made  out  of  the  public  or 
folc-land,  especially  on  the  conquest  of  new  territory, 
either  to  ecclesiastical  corporations,  or  to  individuals. 
These  latter  were  very  commonly  the  royal  thanes,  who 
were  rewarded  in  this  way  for  their  services,  more  par- 
ticularly in  war,  to  the  king.  These  grants  were 
frequently  accompanied  with  what,  in  the  old  English 
charters,  is  called  the  right  of  sac  and  soc,  terms  signify- 
ing a  separate  jurisdiction,  cut  off  from  the  regular 
authorities  of  the  hundred  in  which  the  land  was  situated. 
Here,  then,  we  arrive  at  the  manor.  It  is  territory 
granted  out  of  the  public  land  by  the  king  and  the 
National  Council,  conferring  special  rights  upon  the 
grantee.  It  is  a  township,  or  townships,  no  longer  exist- 
ing as  free,  self-governing  communities,  but  as  the 
possession  of  a  territoi'ial  lord.  The  courts  baron  and 
courts  leet  of  the  manor  supersede  the  courts  of  the 
hundred ;  the  principles  of  j  urisdiction  and  modes  of 
procedure  probably  remained  much  the  same,  but  the 
jurisdiction  itself  became  vested  in  private  hands,  and 
descended  as  part  of  the  hereditary  estate. 

All  this  process  of  change  was  going  on  before  the 
Norman  Conquest,  but  it  went  on  much  faster  after  that 
event,  William  regarded  all  land  as  forfeit  to  the 
Crown,  and  granted  it  out  afresh.  Some  of  the  Eng- 
lish lords,  who  made  timely  submission  to  him,  retained 
their  possessions ;  others  were  deprived,  and  replaced  by 
Norman  owners,  but  a  large  quantity  of  what  had  been 
common  land  was  now  granted  in  the  form  of  manors 
to  the  Conqueror's  followers.  They  held  them  under 
the  obligation  of  rendering  military  service ;  and  the 
principle  now  became  completely  established,  that  every 


94        CASTLES,  MANSIONS,  AND  MANORS  OF  WESTERN  SUSSEX. 

man  must  have  "his  lord,  to  whom  he  owed  service  in 
return  for  protection.  Thus  the  growth  of  the  manorial 
system  is  intimately  connected  with  the  growth  of 
feudalism,  and  is,  in  some  sort,  a  visible  representative 
of  it. 

We  learn  from  Domesday  that,  as  might  naturally 
have  been  expected,  the  hand  of  the  Conqueror  fell 
most  heavily  on  the  two  shires,  Kent  and  Sussex,  where 
he  first  set  foot,  and  where  the  English  made  their  most 
determined  stand  against  his  invasion.  In  these  shires 
not  a  single  Englishman  was  allowed  to  keep  his  lands 
on  their  old  tenure,  and  only  two  English  tenants  in 
chief  appear  in  the  survey. 

The  volume  before  us  is  a  most  interesting  Tecord 
of  the  way  in  which  the  land  in  the  Western  Division  of 
Sussex  was  bestowed  upon  the  countrymen  of  the  Con- 
queror. Foremost  among  them  all  stands  out  the  name 
of  the  mighty  Roger  of  Montgomery,  who  commanded 
the  right  wing  of  the  Norman  army,  at  the  battle  of 
Hastings.  His  greatest  possessions  indeed  were  in  the 
West,  where  he  alone,  of  all  the  great  Norman  followers 
of  William,  impressed  the  name  of  his  Norman  fortress- 
home  upon  a  British  shire  and  town.  But  in  Sussex 
too,  especially  the  Western  Division,  he  was  a  kind  of 
territorial  polypus,  whom  we  find  clinging  to  the  soil  in 
every  direction.  The  compiler  of  our  excellent  General 
Index-Volume  has  been  compelled,  we  observe,  to  give  up 
the  attempt  to  insert  the  references  under  the  name 
'  Montgomery,'  and  to  take  refuge  in  a  comprehensive 
^passim.'  By  far  the  larger  portions  of  the  Rapes  of 
Arundel  and  Chichester  belonged  to  Earl  Roger. 
Arundel  is  the  only  place  in  Sussex  where  a  Castle  is 
stated  in  Domesday  to  have  existed  before  the  Conquest. 
Castle  building  came  in  with  the  Normans,  and  the 
manorial  system  which  they  introduced.  By  the  Castle 
of  Arundel,  which  he  strengthened,  and  by  the  Castle  of 
Chichester,  which  he  built.  Earl  Roger  could  keep  a  firm 
hold  upon  his  vast  possessions  in  the  western  parts  of 
Sussex. 

Next  in  importance  to  Roger  of  Montgomery,  and  in 


CASTLES,  MANSIONS,  AND  MANORS  OF  WESTERN  SUSSEX.         95 

the  magnitude  of  his  possessions,  must  be  placed 
William  De  Braose.  He  iDiiilt  him  a  castle  at  Bramber, 
to  guard  the  41  manors  which  he  held  in  or  about  the 
Rape  called  by  that  name.  The  pedigree  of  his  family  has 
been  traced  with  infinite  care  by  the  Authors  of  the  volume 
before  us.  It  is  curious  to  notice  how  some  of  the  names 
of  Norman  families  in  Sussex,  which  were  illustrious  at, 
or  shortly  after,  the  time  of  the  Conquest,  have  utterly 
perished,  such  as  De  Braose  and  De  Bohun ;  others,  such 
as  Tregoz  and  Dawtrey  (de  haut  Bey)  survive  only 
among  people  in  a  humble  rank  of  life ;  while  one  at 
least,  that  of  Barttelot,  has  been  continuously  eminent, 
and  continuously  associated  with  the  same  place — Stop- 
ham — from  the  age  of  the  Conqueror  to  the  present 
day. 

But  although  Sussex  passed  entirely  into  the  hands  of 
Norman  owners,  there  is  no  part  of  England  in  which 
the  names  of  places  bespeak  more  clearly  their  Saxon 
origin.  Sted^  ham,  hurst,  ley,  ton,  bourne,  den,  fold,  stoke, 
and  ing,  all  thoroughly  English,  are,  with  very  few 
exceptions,  the  termination  to  the  names  which  catch  the 
eye,  as  we  turn  over  Mr.  Elwes'  and  Mr.  Robinson's  pages. 

We  may  be  permitted  to  observe  in  this  connexion, 
that  while,  as  a  rule,  our  authors  abstain  from  etymo- 
logical remarks,  the  conjectures  upon  which  they 
venture  now  and  then,  are  not,  as  it  seems  to  us,  very 
felicitous.  The  derivation  of  Selsey  from  '  Sel '  and  '  ea,' 
the  water  near  the  hall  (i.e.  the  Royal  Villa)  is  very 
improbable  in  itself,  and,  to  say  the  least,  quite  as 
'  fanciful '  as  Bede's  explanation  of  the  name,  who 
makes  it  signify  the  '  isle  of  seals.'  Bede's  topographical 
information  was,  as  a  rule,  very  accurate;  surprisingly  so, 
in  his  notices  of  the  Isle  of  Wight  and  the  Solent,  con- 
sidering the  distance  at  which  he  lived  from  those  parts, 
and  there  seems  no  reason  why  he  should  have 
volunteered  this  statement  about  the  signification  of  the 
name,  unless  he  had  good  grounds  for  making  it. 

It  is  hard,  to  our  mind,  to  see  an  '  evident  reference,' 
or  indeed  any  reference  at  all,  'to  the  pasturage  of 
sheep  '  in  Woolavington,  notwithstanding  Mr.  Debary's 


96        CASTLES,  MANSIOiNS,  AND  MANORS  OF  WESTERN  SUSSEX. 

opinion  the  other  way.^  According  to  the  analogy  of 
other  words,  the  most  legitimate  derivation  would  be 
'Ulaf-ington,'  the  '  ton  or  enclosure  of  the  family  of  Ulaf.' 

Woolbeding  is  not  written  '  Woelbeding '  in  the 
Domesday  Survey,  but  '  Welbedlinga.'  In  this  form  it 
cannot  signify  a  '  place  for  breeding  sheep,'  and  there 
can  be  little  doubt,  that  its  real  meaning  is  Bedlinga's 
well  or  spring.  Bedlinga,  as  the  name  of  a  person, 
occurs  elsewhere  in  Domesday,  and  the  probability  of 
this  derivation  is  confirmed  by  the  fact,  that  an  old  house 
near  the  centre  of  the  parish,  and  close  to  a  remarkably 
clear  and  abundant  spring,  has  always  been  called  the 
Wool  House ;  while  a  bridge  over  the  stream,  which 
forms  one  boundary  of  the  parish,  is  called  '  Wool  mer ' 
bridge,  i.e.  the  bridge  over  the  boundary  stream  ;  '  mer,' 
as  in  many  other  instances,  being  equivalent  to  '  merch' 
or  '  march,'  a  frontier. 

We  have  no  time  at  present  to  do  more  than  indicate 
one  or  two  among  the  many  curious  and  instructive 
facts,  which  are  brought  to  our  notice  in  this  volume. 
One  of  these  is  the  remarkable  number  of  episcopal 
manors,  no  less  than  15  in  all,  formerly  existing  in 
Sussex ;  eight  of  which  were  situated  in  the  Western 
division  of  the  county.  Many  of  them  were  granted 
before  the  Conquest,  but  the  larger  number  were  acquired 
by  the  Norman  Bishops,  and  are  an  evidence  that  the 
policy  of  the  Conqueror  to  keep  this  part  of  the  country 
wholly  in  the  hands  of  Norman  owners  was  carried  on 
by  his  successors.  There  were  also  three  archiepiscopal 
manors  in  the  shire,  Mayfield  in  the  eastern  division, 
and  Pagham  and  Slindon  in  the  western. 

Another  consequence  of  the  predominance  of  Norman 
proprietors  in  Sussex,  was  a  large  number  of  small 
monastic  houses — cells  as  they  were  called — affiliated  to 
larger  monasteries  in  INormandy.  Such  were  Boxgrove, 
founded  by  Robert  de  Haia,  in  the  12th  century,  as  a 
cell  to  the  Benedictine  abbey  of  L'Essay,  near  Coutances  ; 
Sele,  founded  by  De  Braose,  in  1075,  as  a  cell  to  the 
Abbey  of  St.  Florence,  at  Saumur :  Lyminster,  a  Bene- 

2  XXIX.,  S.A.C,  p.  56. 


CASTLES,  MANSIONS,  AND  MANORS  OF  WESTERN  SUSSEX.         97 

dictine  nunnery,  a  cell  to  the  convent  of  Almanesches, 
and  several  others. 

We  ought  not  to  take  our  leave  of  this  volume 
without  calling  attention  to  the  beautiful  drawinq^s  by 
which  it  is  illustrated.  Faithful  portraits  of  our 
ancient  buildings  become  more  and  more  vaUiable,  as, 
one  after  another,  the  originals  are  taken  away  from  us, 
either  through  the  irresistible  hand  of  time,  or  the  trans- 
figuring, too  often  the  disfignring,  process  of  so-called 
restoration. 

And  when  we  look  at  the  noble  specimens  presented 
to  us  in  these  pages,  of  the  domestic  architecture  de- 
signed by  the  genius  of  our  forefathers,  one  cannot  but 
ask — Why  should  our  architects  in  the  present  day  so  often 
ransack  all  Europe  to  bring  back  forms  utterly  strange 
and  incongruous  in  this  country,  whatever  merit  they 
may  have  in  their  own  ?  Why  should  they  inflict  these 
queer  compositions  upon  us  when,  in  the  compass  of  only 
one-half  of  one  shire,  they  might  draw  their  ideas  from 
such  models  as  the  matchless  ruins  of  Cowdray  (lately 
stripped,  by  the  good  taste  of  the  present  lord,  of  that 
baleful  weed  which  concealed  their  beauty),  the  mansions 
of  Parham  and  Wiston,  Moor  Farm,  near  Petworth,  or 
the  old  Manor  House  of  Stopham  ? 

As  there  is  a  list  of  corrections  appended  to  this  work, 
it  may  be  as  well  to  add  to  it,  should  it  reach  another 
edition,  by  mentioning  two  wrong  dates  which  occur  on 
page  60,  vol.  T.  The  See  was  transferred  from  Selsey  to 
Chichester  in  1075,  not  1083  ;  and  the  first  burning  of 
the  Cathedral  occurred  in  1114,  not  in  1104.  Nor  is 
it  quite  correct  to  say  that  Warelwaste,  Bishop  of 
Exeter,  "  settled  the  College  "  at  Bosham,  "  on  a  new 
basis."  What  he  really  did,  was  to  found  a  College  for 
Secular  Canons,  where  formerly  there  had  been,  not  a 
College  but,  a  monastery  of  Benedictine  monks. 

And  here  we  must  take  our  leave  for  the  present  of 
this  very  interesting  and  well  executed  work,  only  ex- 
pressing a  hope  that  the  Editors  will  complete  their 
learned  labours  by  extending  them  to  the  Eastern 
Division  of  the  County,  which  is  certainly  not  loss  rich 
in  materials  for  their  industry. 

XXX.  0 


THE  GENERAL  CHARACTER  OF  SUSSEX 
CHURCHES. 


(A  Paper  read  at  the  General  Meeting  of  the  Sussex  Archceological  Society^ 
at  Brighton,  August  27,  1879.J 


By    J.     HANNAH,     D.C.L., 

Arclideacon  of  Lewes  and  Vicar  of  Brierliton. 


I  SHOULD  feel  great  diffidence,  but  for  two  considera- 
tions, in  addressing  myself  to  the  subject  of  Sussex 
Churches  before  an  audience  containing  many  who  far 
surpass  me  in  their  technical  acquaintance  with  the 
details  of  local  architecture  and  history.  The  two  con- 
siderations, from  which  I  venture  to  draw  a  little  en- 
couragement, are — first,  that  in  this  Eastern  Division  of 
the  County,  to  which  I  shall  chiefly  confine  myself,  if 
their  knowledge  is  more  precise,  it  can  scarcely  be  more 
extensive  or  more  appreciative  than  my  own ;  the 
second,  that  we  are  happy  to  see  before  us  this  evening  a 
more  varied  assembly  than  one  consisting  purely  of 
scientific  Archseologists.  On  the  one  hand,  it  has  been 
my  official  duty  to  make  myself  familiar  with  the  present 
condition  of  all  these  sacred  fabrics  throughout  the 
Eastern  Archdeaconry  ;  and  I  have  now  been  able  to  pay 
personal  visits,  within  the  last  three  years,  to  nearly  every 
one  ^  of  about  240  churches  or  chapels  included  in  that 

'  I  am  glad  that  I  can  now  say,  to  all  of  them. — Sept.  19,  1879. 


THE  GENERAL  CHARACTER  OP  SUSSEX  CHURCHES.    99 

charge.  On  the  other  hand,  we  should  bear  in  mind  that 
gatherings  like  the  present  are  meant  to  bring  together 
representatives  of  the  general  public,  whom  we  are 
specially  delighted  to  welcome  to  our  meeting ;  persons 
whose  antiquarian  and  architectural  knowledge  is,  per- 
haps, comparatively  slight,  but  whose  sympathies  we 
wish  to  enlist  in  our  pursuits  and  objects.  In  what  I 
have  to  say,  I  shall  be  much  influenced  by  the  presence 
of  this  latter  class  ;  and  I  hope  that  those  to  whom  my 
remarks  may  seem  commonplace  and  familiar  will  foro-ive 
me  on  the  ground,  that  a  meeting  like  the  present  affords 
an  opportunity  of  trying  to  arouse  an  interest  in  these 
questions  through  a  wider  circle.  We  should  all  rejoice 
exceedingly  if  we  could  this  evening  succeed  in 
strengthening  the  ranks  of  the  Association  by  inducino* 
some  of  the  strangers  present  to  join  our  Society,  and  to 
take  a  practical  interest  in  its  objects. 

To  begin  by  marking  out  briefly  the  principles  we  go  on. 
It  is  from  the  point  of  view  of  an  Archaeological  Society 
that  we  have  now  to  approach  the  consideration  of 
Sussex  Churches.  Architecture  is,  in  one  view,  a  branch 
of  Archaeology — one  of  its  oldest  and  most  important 
departments.  But  it  is  a  branch  of  pure  art,  as  well  as  of 
Archaeology.  It  is  itself  one  of  the  first  and  noblest  of  the 
arts ;  and  as  having  always  tended  to  promote  the  culti- 
vation of  painting  and  sculpture  and  wall  and  window 
decoration,  we  tocislj  call  it  the  parent,  or,  at  all  events, 
the  foster-mother,  of  them  all.  To  raise  buildings  to 
shelter  him  from  heat  and  cold,  was  one  of  man's  earliest 
and  most  obvious  necessities.  But  building  is  not  called 
architecture  till  men  have  learnt  to  ornament  their  con- 
structions, so  as  to  make  these  fabrics  pleasant  to  the 
eye  and  satisfying  to  the  taste,  as  well  as  useful.  To 
trace  through  their  historical  development  the  laws  by 
which  man  has  sought  to  beautify  his  houses  and  his 
temples  is  at  once  a  profitable  study  for  our  own  guid- 
ance and  a  duty  which  the  present  owes  to  the  past.  It 
is  most  instructive  to  work  out  the  principles  on  which 
the  mere  necessity  of  providing  shelter  has  learnt  to  ally 
itself  with  forms  of  beauty ;  under  which  construction  it 


100   THE  GENERAL  CHARACTER  OF  SUSSEX  CHURCHES. 

has  availed  itsplf  of  the  aid  of  decoration,  and  bare  walls 
and  roofs  have  become  varied,  rich,  and  complex,  till 
they  grew  out  into  the  full  development  of  stately  palaces 
and  shrines. 

Now,  how  much  can  we  learn  from  our  Sussex  Churches, 
as  regards  either  the  antiquarian  or  the  artistic  aspect 
of  architecture  ?  More,  perhaps,  of  the  former  than  the 
latter ;  yet  let  us  not  begin  by  making  light  of  our  in- 
heritance. We  must  yield  the  palm  to  other  counties  if 
we  are  in  search  of  nothing  more  than  stateliness  and 
splendour.  It  is  only  in  part,  for  instance,  that  we  can 
venture  to  vie  with  the  churches  in  the  Eastern  Counties. 
The  uninteresting  fen  country,  it  has  been  said,  "  has 
always  had  a  great  name  for  its  churches.  Built  by 
monks,  from  great  tithes,  with  oak  from  Norfolk  and 
Suffolk,  and  stone  from  across  the  sea,  they  are  the  largest, 
the  longest,  the  loftiest  churches  in  England.  They  are 
the  successors  of  more  ancient  builclings,  or  the  remains 
of  larger ;  perhaps  an  aisle  rescued,  when  nave  and 
chancel  are  gone ;  perhaps  rebuilt  with  Norman  mate- 
rials in  a  later  style — with  priests'  chambers  and  odd 
chapels — with  isolated  towers  and  underground  ways, 
and  features  that  still  puzzle  antiquaries.  Half-a-cen- 
tury  ago,  before  the  great  revival,  people  used  to  say — 
'  If  you  want  to  see  real  churches,  go  to  the  fens.'  "^ 
Well,  people  find  in  the  old  forest  land  of  Sussex  scenery 
more  attractive  than  the  fens  ;  but  let  us  not  think  that 
they  have  to  pay  for  it  by  losing  every  trace  of  beauty  in 
the  churches. 

Again,  I  say,  let  us  not  begin  by  despising  our  inherit- 
ance. The  old  County  historians  too  often  committed 
this  sin  by  speaking  with  contempt  of  Sussex  Churches, 
as  if  they  were  mean,  unhandsome,  homely  shrines. 
"The  generality  of  the  churches  in  Sussex,"  wrote  Mr. 

*  From  an  article  on  a  meeting  of  the  of  Suffolk  and  Norfolk,  -with  their  noble 

British    Archaeological    Association,  in  timber   roofs,    their    beautiful    seating, 

'The     Times  '    of     August     30,     1878.  and    in    many    cases  their     richly    and 

Compare  Sir  Gilbert  Scott's  Lectui-es  on  artistically     coloured      and     embossed 

Mediaeval   Architecture,    i.,  300,  for  at-  screens;  or   you  may  follow  the    noble 

tractions   in    those  chtu'ches    belonging  course  of  churches  of  Northamptonshire 

partly  to  a  later  age — "  In  the  Eastern  and  Lincolnshire,  with   their  charming 

Counties  you  may  visit  the  fine  churches  towers  and  spires,"  &c. 


THE    GENERAL    CHARACTErv    OF    SUSSEX    CIITJRCHES.       101 

Horsfield,  "  are  rude  and  mis-shapen  buildings ;  humble 
indeed  in  their  preteusions,  and  not  seldom" — which  was 
only  too  true  in  1835 — "  bearing  the  appearance  of 
blameable  regret."  His  text,  I  am  sorry  to  tell  you,  was 
the  dear  old  church  of  St.  Nicholas,  which  you  have  been 
inspecting  to-day.  "  Grenerally  speaking,"  he  says,  in 
another  work,  "  the  churches  are  a  disgrace  to  the 
county,"  where  he  makes  a  special  exception  for  the  church 
of  Glynde.'^  Let  us  turn  to  another  witness  of  a  different 
kind.  Mr.  Street  speaks  as  follows  when  addressing  a 
Dublin  audience,  and  with  no  necessity  to  pay  compliments 
to  the  distant  Sussex.  He  says  :  "  You  must  not  imagine 
that  it  is  only  in  great  abbeys  and  cathedrals  that  the  age 
(of  the  13th  century)  was  so  fertile.  On  the  contrary, 
little  village  churches  in  all  parts  of  the  land  illustrate 
the  same  possession  of  power  on  the  part  of  the  country 
architect  or  mason  that  we  see  in  those  who  built  the 
former."  "  I  know  no  examples,"  he  proceeds, 
*'  more  interesting  than  these,  whether  you  take  the 
Sussex  village  church,  with  its  intensely  simple  lancet 
windows,  its  coved  wooden  roof,  and  its  shingle  spire, — ■ 
or  whether  the  Northamptonshire  churches,  the  pride 
of  the  whole  country,"  which  he  goes  on  to  describe.  Mr. 
Stephens  uses  similar  language,  when  he  is  speaking  of 
that  typical  and  most  historic  village  church  of  Boshani  : 
the  "  grey  church  with  a  high-pitched  roof  and  somewhat 
massive  tower,  capped  by  a  shingle  spire."  "  The  small 
village  church,''  adds  Mr.  Street,  is  "  the  especial  glory 
of  England  ;"  and  nowhere  will  you  find  it  in  more 
primitive  perfection  than  among  the  downs  or  woodlands 
of  this  favoured  shire.* 

If  we  are  asked,  then,  What  we  can  learn  from  the 
churches  and  other  ecclesiastical  buildings  of  Sussex  ?  I 
reply  that  they  will  teach  and    illustrate  the   origin   and 

'History,    &c.,    of    Sussex,   1835,  i.,  <  Street,  Architecture  of  the  13th  Cen- 

141  ;   History  of  Lewes,  ii.,  125.     Even  tury,  Afternoon  Lectures  in  Dublin,  4th 

Mr  Hussey  thought  it  necessary  to  apo-  series,   1867,    p.    14;  Stephens,   See    of 

logise  for  the  infei-iority  of  our  churches,  Chichester,  p.  7.     On  the  lessons  to  be 

to  the  better  appreciation   of  which  his  learnt  from  English  viHage  churches  in 

useful  work  contributed  very  largely. —  general,   compare    Sir    Gilbert    Scott'a 

Churches  of  Kent,  Sussex,  and    Surrey,  Lectures,  i.,  21,  123,   160,  193-1,    290.?. 
pp.  172-3. 


102      THE    GENEKAL    CFAEACTER    OF    SUSSEX    CHURCHES. 

the  development  of  Gothic  architecture  almost  as  clearly 
and  completely  as  those  of  any  district  in  Kngland.  Thus, 
to  refer  only  to  a  single  period  :  Among  the  best  and 
most  instructive  English  specimens  of  the  second  transi- 
tion (early  in  the  14th  century),  Sir  G.  Scott  enumerates 
from  Sussex  the  Gateway  of  Battle  Abbey,  the  Hall  of 
May  field,  the  Choir  at  Winchelsea,  and  the  Lady  Chapel 
at  Chichester.     (Lectures,  i.,  343.) 

There  are  many  points  of  interest  in  the  Ecclesiastical 
history  of  Sussex — the  early  seclusion  of  our  county,  the 
late  date  of  its  conversion  to  Christianity — three  genera- 
tions later  than  that  of  the  neighbouring  kingdom  of 
Kent ;  the  removal  of  the  Bishopric,  after  some  centuries, 
from  Selsey  to  Chichester ;  the  coincidence  in  the  bound- 
aries of  Kingdom,  Shire  and  Diocese,  from  the  very  earliest 
to  the  latest  times  ;  the  close  relations  which  existed  from 
very  ancient  days  between  the  Diocese  and  the  Archdiocese 
of  Canterbury,  which  are  recorded  by  the  long  chain  of 
peculiars,  formerly  stretching  right  across  the  county, 
and  in  many  cases  connecting  us,  as  at  Mayfield  and 
Mailing,  with  great  names  and  events  in  the  history  of 
the  archiepiscopal  see ;  the  powerful  religious  houses  at 
Lewes  and  Battle,  with  the  numerous  less  prominent 
foundations  at  Michelham,  Bayham,  Robertsbridge, 
Wilmington,  and  other  places ;  the  occasional  con- 
nexion of  our  Ecclesiastical  establishmeuts  with  religious 
houses  across  the  Channel.  But  it  is  often  ouly  through 
the  medium  of  scattered  and  comparatively  insignificant 
ruins,  that  we  can  spell  out  the  records  of  a  great  historic 
past.  Moreover,  Sussex  has  suffered  many  things  at  the 
hands  both  of  man  and  of  Nature.  Her  churches  have 
been  sometimes  burnt  by  the  Frenchman,  sometimes 
swallowed  up  by  the  sea.  You  will  look  in  vain  for  the 
remains  of  the  original  foundation  at  Selsey,  or  the  older 
parishes  of  Hastings;  and  it  has  been  thought,  that  you 
cun  still  trace  the  scorching  of  the  hostile  flames  on  the 
stones  of  the  churches  of  Rye  and  Rottingdean.''  In  the 
large  towns  their  very  novelty  tells  against  us.  There 
could    be  few    old  churches  where   there    was    scarcely 

*  Hussey,  Chnrches  of  Kent,  Sussex,  and  Surrey,  p.  877. 


THE  GENERAL  CHAKACTER  OF  SUSSEX  CHUUCHES.   103 

any  ancient  population  ;  and  hence  a  town  like  Brighton 
affords  but  a  barren  field  for  the  antiquary,  as  compared 
with  even  the  smallest  of  our  oldest  cities.  But,  in  spite 
of  all  these  qualifications  and  drawbacks,  I  venture  to 
maintain  that,  by  the  number  of  ancient  examples  which 
the  county  still  can  furnish,  by  the  curious  complexity  of 
some  of  its  churches,  and  the  primitive  simplicity  retained 
by  others,  Sussex  is  almost  as  good  a  training  school  for 
ecclesiastical  architecture  as  any  county  in  the  land. 

I  will  not  now  detain  you  with  the  more  obvious  proofs 
which  we  could  gather  from  our  more  important  churches 
— such  as  the  Cathedral,  or  the  Great  Church  at  Rye,  or 
the  noble  fragments  of  other  large  structures  which  we  still 
possess  at  Winchelsea,  New  Shoreham,  and  Boxgrove. 
The  excellent  monographs  of  Professor  Willis,  Mr.  Petit, 
and  Mr.  Sharpe  ^  would  enable  you  to  trace  out  minutely, 
from  one  style  to  another,  the  successive  stages  in  the 
erection  of  three  of  these  fabrics — the  Cathedral,  Box- 
grove,  and  New  Shoreham.  I  can  attain  my  present 
object  better  by  presenting  you  with  a  few  less  con- 
spicuous examples,  by  the  help  of  which  I  shall  hope 
to  arouse  your  interest  in  our  Ecclesiastical  inheritance, 
and  lead  you  to  assist  us  in  both  watching  and  working 
for  the  preservation  of  the  sacred  relics  of  the  past. 

I  will  take  my  first  instances  from  cases  where  the 
architectural  interest  is  mainly  concentrated  on  a  single 
style.  There  are  many  fragments  of  primitive  construc- 
tion to  be  found  in  other  Sussex  Churches ;  but  we  have 
two  examples  especially,  those  of  Sompting  and  Worth, 
where  the  tower  of  the  one,  and  the  walls  and  ground- 
plan  of  the  other,  are  specially  instructive  relics  of  that 
archaic  style  which  preceded,  and  slightly  overlapped, 
the  date  of  the  Conquest — what  people  call  the  Anglo- 
Saxon,  or  the  primitive  Romanesque,  or,  at  all  events, 
the  Prse-Norman  architecture.  Both  these  churches  will 
show  you  good  specimens  of  the  long-and-short  work,  and 
the   timber-like,    flat  pilasters,    and    the   small,  ancient 

*  Published  in  one  volume  by  Mason,  the  Sussex    Archaeological  Collections. 

Chichester,  1861,  4to.     Many  papers  of  Mr  Hussey's  work  is  excellent  as  far  as 

great  value  on  other  important  churches  it  goes  ;  but  a  new  and  enlarged  edition 

are  scattered  through    the   volumes   of  is  greatly  needed. 


104      THE    GENERAL    OHAEACTER    OF    SUSSEX    CHURCHES. 

windows,  and  the  masonry  of  a  rude  and  primitive  char- 
acter, which  passed  out  of  use  under  the  influence  of  the 
wealthier  and  more  ambitious  Norman  builders. 

At  Sompting,  besides  a  number  of  instructive  details, 
and  excellent  examples  of  both  pilasters  and  long-and- 
short  work,  the  tower  has  the  advantaoce  of  retaining  the 
original  top,  each  side  ending  in  a  gable,  and  the  gables 
being  roofed  together  in  a  point  above,  like  the  churches 
we  have  so  often  seen  upon  the  Rhine. ^ 

The  church  of  Worth  may  detain  us  a  few  moments 
longer,  if  it  were  only  to  renew  the  protest  which  was 
made  by  this  Society,  at  its  meeting  in  1870,  against  the 
misrepresentations  by  which  its  restorers  had  been  then 
assailed." 

I  am  sorry  to  observe  that  the  author  of  Mr.  Murray's 
valuable  handbook  for  Sussex  tells  us  that  "Worth  Church 
was  "subjected  to  a  destructive  restoration  in  1870."^ 
A  remark  of  this  kind,  the  mere  echo  of  a  charge  which 
has  been  thoroughly  refuted,  occurring  in  a  popular  book 
of  considerable  circulation  and  real  utility,  is  enough  to 
arouse  a  keen  sense  of  injustice.  If  any  one  is  still 
unconvinced,  let  him  take  the  train  to  Three  Bridges  on 
his  first  leisure  morning  (Worth  Church  is  little  more 
than  a  mile  from  the  station) ;  let  him  carry  with  him 
the  eighth  volume  of  the  Sussex  Archaeological  Collec- 
tions, and  compare  Mr.  Walford's  excellent  article  on  the 
church,  as  he  saw  it  in  ]  855,  with  the  structure  as  he 
now  will  find  it.^*'  Mr.  Walford  had  to  make  out  his 
description  under  difficulties — to  feel  his  way  to  uncer- 
tain conclusions  through  the  boards  of  pews,  through 
thick  layers  of  whitewash  and  plaster,  through  brick- 
kilns of  buttresses,  through  the  accumulated  abomina- 
tions of  ages  of  neglect  and  ignorance.     I  have  seen  other 

^  Sompting     Tower     has    been    fre-  of  Oct.    6,  1870)    that   this   repair  had ' 

quently  engraved  and  described.    Snffi-  been  conducted  in  a   judicious  manner, 

cient    details  may  be    found   in    Rick-  and  with   a  due  regard  to  the  preserva- 

man's    Styles  of  Architecture,    5th  ed.,  tion    of    the  ancient    characteristics  of 

appendix,    pp.  sxvi-ix ;  Parker's    Glos-  the  edifice." 

gary,  pp.  406-7,  and   plate   210  ;  Sir  G.  »  Handbook  for  Travellers  in  Sussex, 

fccott's  Lectures,  ii.,  53-6.  1877,  p.  28. 

8  See   the  Report  of  1871,   in    xxiii.,  '"viit.,   S.A.C,  235-249.     Details  of 

S.A.C.,   "  It  was  the  unanimous  opinion  Worth  Church  may  also  be  found  in  Sir 

of  the  members  present  (at  the  meeting  G.  Scott's  Lectures,  ii.,  19,  37,  38,  44-46. 


THE    GENERAL    CHAR/VCTER    OP    SUSSEX    CHURCHES.       105 

I 

'accounts,  wliicli  complained  of  the  low,  depressed  ceil- 
ing, the  atmosphere  of  decay,  and  the  mildewed  and  the 
mouldering  walls.  The  present  state  of  the  charch  you  may 
learn  from  your  own  inspection.  I  will  only  repeat  what 
was  urged  at  the  time,^^  that  "  the  original  foundations 
have  never  been  in  the  slightest  degree  disturbed — the 
igreater  part  of  the  old  walls  still  remain,  and,  in  the  parts 
;that  have  been  rebuilt,  the  old  stone-work  has  been  care- 
fully and  jealously  utilized."  The  old  wooden  tower, 
which  Sir  Gilbert  Scott  was  disposed  to  regrot,^^  appears 
to  have  been  simply  the  late  erection  of  a  dovecote-like 
belfry,  on  the  top  of  the  north  transept,  supported  by 
ifour  trunks  of  chestnut  trees,  which  intruded  on  the  area 
of  the  church  ;  and  this  "  wooden  structure  was  partly 
rotten."  Some  singularly  curious  features  of  the  original 
fabric  were  actually  disentombed  from  the  walls.  In  a 
word,  instead  of  being  destroyed,  the  church  was  rescued 
from  destruction — from  the  crushing  effects  of  pews, 
and  intrusive  windows  and  doors,  and  clumsy  piles  of 
alien  masonry.  It  is  now  an  excellent  example  of  the 
way,  in  which  a  regard  for  the  requirements  of  the  living 
can  be  combined  with  the  utmost  care  and  reverence  to 
preserve  the  substance  of  the  workmanship  of  a  long- 
departed  age. 

But  let  us  next  pass  to  cases  where  a  village  church 
can  be  made  a  sorb  of  Primer  of  architecture,  because  its 
walls  have  been  altered  and  amended  in  the  style  of  each 
succeeding  age  in  turn.  There  is  Bosham,  for  example  ; 
I  have  already  referred  to  it.  The  little  village  round 
that  church,  as  Mr.  Stephens  says,  "  was  connected  with 
important,  sometimes  tragical,  events  in  the  reigns  of 
Cnut  and  Eadward  the  Confessor,  and  in  the  lives  of  Earl 
Godwine  and  Harold.  It  is  one  of  the  four  or  five  places 
which  alone  are  marked  in  the  oldest  maps  of  Sussex. 
It  is  depicted  in  the  Bayeux  tapestry  as  the  place  whence 

11  In   contemporary    reports    of    the  Anglo-Saxons    nearly  always    built  of 

restoration  and  re-opening,   for   the  use  timber,    and  their  successors  in  af ter- 

of  which    I  have  been  indebted  to  the  times  of    stone,"  that    at    Worth    was 

Rector  of  Worth,  the  Rev.  G.  W.  Banks.  found  "  a    timber  tower    of    the    15th 

1^  Lectures,  ii.,  46,  note.     In  his  text  century  added  to  the   stone  church  of 

he  notes  it  "  as  a  curious  commentai'y  Saxon  date.'' 
on    the    fashionable    opinion    that  the 

XXX.  r 


106      THE    GENERAL   CHARACTER    OF    SUSSKX    CHURCHES. 

Harold  embarked  on  tlie  ill-fated  voyage  wliicli  ended  in 
his  wreck  on  tlie  coast  of  Normandy  and  his  detention  at 
the  court  of  William."  But  centuries  before  the  days  of 
King  Cnut  and  King  Harold,  "it  demands  our  attention 
as  the  one  spot  where  Christianity  had  a  home,  when  all 
the  rest  of  Sussex  was  wrapped  in  heathen  barbarity  and 
ignorance."^^  My  excellent  friend,  the  present  Vicar  of 
Boshara,  has  given  reasons  for  believing  that  his  church 
stands  on  the  site  of  a  Roman  Basilica :  bases  un- 
doubtedly Roman  have  been  discovered  at  the  foot  of  the 
piers  of  the  chancel  arch ;  "  the  remains  of  a  Saxoa 
window  may  be  seen  in  the  north  wall  ;"  and  other 
traces  of  an  Early  Saxon  church  may  be  found  in  various 
portions  of  the  fabric.  An  Early  English  character  was 
given  to  the  church  at  the  end  of  the  12th  century,  by 
Bishop  Warlewast,  of  Exeter,  who  lengthened  the  chancel, 
added  north  and  south  aisles,  and  introduced  Early 
English  windows."  A  church  like  this  reminds  us  of  a 
Palimpsest,  in  which  one  style  has  crossed  out  and 
obliterated  another,  till  modern  skill  has  read  the  riddle, 
and  re-interpreted  the  stratified  records  of  the  past. 

Now  traverse  the  county  from  the  west  to  the  east, 
and  let  us  go  to  Battle,  that  fairest  of  historic  scenes. 
Gaze,  if  you  have  the  opportunity — I  have  enjoyed  it 
myself  to  the  utmost  through  the  happy  spring  holidays  , 
of  the  last  three  years — gaze  across  the  pleasant  land*  I 
scape  which  was  once  the  field  of  flight  and  disaster, 
crowded  by  Saxon  fugitives  through  the  night  of  sorrow, 
when  the  English  standard  had  gone  down  before  the 
Norman  host.  Visit  the  groups  of  buildings  which  still 
crown  the  summit  of  that  memorable  hill.  Analyze  care- 
fully the  well-restored  St.  Mary's  church  at  Battle.  You 
will  find  a  Norman  arch  built  into  the  south  wall  near 
the  chancel,  looking  like  part  of  the  preparation  for  a 
central  tower,  which  was  not  erected.  The  nave  is  later 
Norman.  The  clerestory  is  Early  English;  there  is  some 
beautiful  Early  English  arcading  in  the   chancel.       The 

'^  See  of  Chichester,  pp.  7,  8  ;  compare       Mitchell  is  now  disposed   to   substitute 
p.  (J3.  the  vrord   "Saxon"  for  "Norman"  in 

'*  xviii.,  S.A.C.,  3,  &c.  I  find  that  Mr,       some  sentences  of  that  account. 


THE  GENEEAL  CHARACTEE  OF  SUSSEX  CHUECHES.   107 

Bortli  aisle  is  Perpendicular.  The  west  door  is  Early 
Englisb,  beneath  the  inevitable  Perpendicular  west  win- 
dow o£  the  late  tower. 

Then  pass  on,  if  you  will,  from  Battle  to  Rye,  and 
study  the  same  stages  in  their  unrestored  form.  I  think 
you  will  scarcely  hesitate  to  join  me  in  the  conviction, 
that  if  the  same  care  is  used  at  Rye  which  Mr.  Butter- 
worth  bestowed  on  Battle,  there  is  no  reason  to  look  with 
dread  on  the  much-needed  restoration. 

And  here  let  me  digress  a  little  to  say  a  few  more  words 
to  our  friends  the  Anti-Restorationists,  who  seem  to  suspect 
us  of  looking  at  our  old  churches  in  a  destructive  spirit, 
like  that  in  which  Mr.  Nathaniel  Hawthorne  maintained, 
that  all  old  towns  would  be  much  the  better  for  an  occa- 
sional burning.^^    I  may  take  as  my  text  a  very  interesting 
book  by  Mr.  L.  J.  Jennings,  "  Field  Paths  &  Green  Lanes, 
being  Country  Walks,  chiefly  in  Surrey  and  Sussex."  It  is 
an  excellent  example  of  the  way  in  which  good  taste  and 
common  sense  will  prevail  over  mere  theory.     I  gather 
from  the  book  that  Mr.  Jennings  would  in  theory  declare 
himself  an    earnest  Anti-Restorationist.      He    "fled  in 
horror  from   the   scene "  of  the    commencement  of  the 
works  at  Westham  Church,  as  if  you  could  possibly  repair 
an  ancient  building  without  a  temporary  removal    of  the 
fittings,  and  some  interim  confusion  of  mortar,  scaffold- 
ing, and  stones.     He  says  that  "  the  restorer  has  been  at 
work  "  at  Salehurst,  and  that  "  that  work  is  of  the  worst 
kind."     He  "  read   with  great  sinking  of  the  heart  '  of 
the  "  sad  news  "  of  the  restoration  at  Alfriston,  and  said 
that  when    he  entered  the    church  his  "  worst    anticipa- 
tions   were    confirmed."       He    calls    Lindfield    church 
"  another    example   of   the  mischief  wrought   by  those 
architectural  wreckers,  the  restorers,"  as  if  "  the  white- 
wash  and  plaster,"    which,    he    says,  "  have    done  their 
worst "  there,  were  the  favourite    appliances  of  modern 
restoration.^^       In    fact,    this     confusion     between    tlie 
methods    of  the   present  century   and  those  ot  the  last 
meets  us  throughout  his  pleasant  volume.     He  complains 
at  Bexhill  of  the  "  heavy  and  clumsy  galleries,    and  would 

'^TraBsformatioB,  p.  258,  ed.  1865.         ^«  Field  Paths,  &c.,  pp.  52,  60,  76, 105. 


108   THE  GENEEAL  CHARACTER  OE  SUSSEX  CHURCHES. 

now,  I  suppose,  complain  still  more  loudly  because  tliey 
have  been  swept  away.  And  yet  on  the  other  hand,  he  calls 
Hurstmonceux  "  a  church  which  has  been  restored  with 
reverence  and  care,  and  therefore  looks  the  better  rather 
than  the  worse  for  the  process."  He  says  that  Godstone 
church  (in  Surrey)  has  been  restored  by  Sir  Gilbert 
Scott — "  restored  in  the  best  sense  of  the  word,  not  de- 
faced and  ruined."  He  says  that  the  church  at  Pens- 
hurst,  in  Kent,  "  has  been  wholly  restored,  but  the 
wcrk  was  done  with  care,  and,  if  the  edifice  has  lost  much 
of  the  look  of  antiquity,  it  has  gained  in  durability,  and 
will  probably  now  stand  for  generations  to  come."  He  is 
delighted  with  the  restorations  of  the  great  house  at 
Penshurst,  the  famous  historical  home  of  the  Sidneys, 
and  he  cries  out  loudly  for  the  restoration  of  the  church 
at  Hever,  and  hopes  that  the  Eector  will  succeed  in  get- 
ting subscriptions  to  effect  it;  "for  otherwise,"  he  says, 
•'  the  old  church  will  come  tumbling  about  his  ears  one 
of  these  days."  ^^  Mr.  Jennings  turns  out,  in  fact,  to  be 
a  friend  in  disguise.  His  theory  would  induce  him  to 
ban  the  restorers,  but  his  candour  compels  him  to  '  bless 
them  altogether.' 

But,  to  return  to  our  Sussex  Churches,  let  me  take  a 
hint  from  Mr.  Jennings,  and  recommend  all  of  you,  who 
are  still  young  and  strong,  to  make  walking  expeditions 
for  yourselves,  and  study  church  architecture  on  the  spot, 
from  the  examples  which  the  county  furnishes  of  every 
age.  I  will  not  trespass  on  the  province  of  those  who 
have  guided  you  to-day  to  Ovingdean  and  Rottingdean, 
and,  had  the  weather  permitted,  would  have  taken  youto 
Telscombe.  There  are  many  other  expeditions  quite  as 
interesting,  which  you  could  take  without  any  long  ab- 
sence from  Brighton.  A  walk  along  the  valley  of  the 
London  Road  northward  will  conduct  you  past  the  three 
village  churches  of  Preston,  Patcham,  and  Pyecombe, 
each  with  some  points  of  interest ;  and  you  can  go  on, 
past  Clayton  and  Keymer,  to  the  remarkable  and  in- 
structive church  of  Ditchling.  From  the  Dyke  you  can 
drop    down   on   the    cruciform    14th   century  church   of 

"Ibid.,  pp.  31,  56,  243,  267,  269,  264. 


THE    GENERAL    CHARACTER   OF    SUSSEX    CHURCHES.       109 

Poynlngs,  the  Rector  of  which  will,  I  am  sure,  be  much 
obliged  if  you  will  help  him  to  restore  it.  On  the  road 
to  Shoreham  you  pass  the  ISTorman  tower  of  Southwick, 
and  at  Shoreham  itself  there  is  a  rich  store  of  instruction 
in  Norman  and  Early  English  to  be  drawn  from  the  two 
Parish  Churches.  Or  you  can  take  the  train  to  Three 
Bridges,  as  I  recommended  you  before,  and  a  short  walk 
round  will  lead  you  to  Worth,  Crawley,  and  Tfield.  Go 
thence  a  little  further  eastward,  and  you  will  find  it  a 
charming  walk  or  drive,  past  West  Hoathly,  to  the  de- 
cidedly unrestored  church  of  Horsted  Keynes,  with  its 
memories  of  the  low,  sweet  voice  of  Leighton.  From 
thence,  again,  if  you  have  two  or  three  days  to  spare 
(for  the  distances  are  long),  you  can  wander  on,  from 
church  to  church,  through  lovely  broken  forest  land,  till 
you  emerge  from  the  county  at  Tunbridge  Wells,  whence 
you  can  again  turn  southward  and  eastward,  to  find  per- 
fect treasures  of  church  architecture  in  that  end  of  the 
county,  including  the  late  decorated  church  of  Eching- 
ham,  once  *'  among  the  noblest  of  baronial  churches,"  '' 
down  to  Icklesham,  and  Rye,  and  Winchelsea.  From 
thence  the  railway  will  bring  you  back  to  Brighton,  past 
Hastings  and  Bexhill  and  Pevensey  and  Westham,  with 
their  ancient  fortresses  and  churches,  and  their  stirring 
reminiscences  of  invasions  and  wars.  Another  expedition 
could  be  made  by  taking  the  railway  to  Eastbourne  to 
examine  the  old  church  there,  and  walking  back  over 
the  Downs,  where  you  will  find  many  an  old  village 
church  nestling  in  their  combes,  here  and  there  one  of 
liigher  pretensions,  like  Alfriston  or  Seaford.  From 
Seaford  you  can  turn  inland  towards  Lewes  by  the 
side  of  the  Ouse,  taking  particular  note  of  the  beauti- 
fully-kept churchyard  at  East  Blatchington  and  the  tower 
at  Bishopstone,  and  then  pass  across  the  river  to  in- 
spect the  three  round  towers  of  Piddinghoe,  Southease, 
and  St.  Michael's,  Lewes— the  rehcs  of  an  economical 
antiquity. 

1  may  add  that  there  are  plenty  of  collateral  points  of 
interest  suggested  by  our  Sussex  Churches.     The  daugh- 

1*  M.  A.  Lower,  Compendious  History  of  Sussex,  i.,  1G5. 


110       THE    GENERAL    CHARACTER   OF    SUSSEX    CHURCnES. 

ters  of  kings  repose  at  Bosliam  and  at  Soutliover.  The 
highest  literary  associations  are  connected  with  the 
churches  of  Horsted  Keynes  and  Fletching,  through  the 
graves  of  Archbishop  Leighton  and  Gibbon.  Many  a 
pilgrimage  has  been  made  to  the  last  resting-places  of 
Archdeacon  Hare  at  Hurstmonceux  and  Bishop  Wilber- 
force  at  Lavington.  There  are  many  remarkable  monu- 
ments to  be  noted,  like  those  of  the  Jefferays  at  Chid- 
dingly,  of  the  Shurleys  at  Isfield,  of  the  Gages  at  Firle, 
of  the  Alards  at  Winchelsea,  of  the  Dacres  at  Hurstmon- 
ceux, and  of  the  Dorsets  at  Withyham.  You  will  often 
meet  with  good  brasses  also.  The  best  of  them  is  one  at 
Cowfold,  which  belongs  to  Lewes ;  '^  but  we  cannot 
grudge  it  to  our  friends  at  Cowfold,  wdio  have  repaired 
it  (a  most  delicate  and  difficult  task)  with  care  and  skill. 
The  iron  slabs  in  many  churches  record  the  most  im- 
portant of  the  ancient  industries  of  Sussex.  The  oldest 
is  at  Burwash  ;  -°  the  most  numerous,  if  I  remember 
right,  at  Wadliurst.  Yon  will  also  be  rewarded  for 
careful  observation  by  finding  many  an  ancient  font  and 
piscina  and  screen,  and  many  relics  of  old  painted  glass 
and  carved  woodwork — the  latter  sometimes  with  the 
purest  linen  pattern,  and  sometimes  belonging  to  the 
Jacobean  age. 

But  it  is  high  time  that  I  should  bring  these  re- 
marks to  a  close.  Let  me  finish  them  by  urging 
you  to  join  us  in  the  work  of  studying  our  old  churches 
with  a  view  to  their  better  preservation.  And,  if  I 
might  venture  to  give  a  word  of  advice  to  those  who 
will  be  called  on  to  deal  with  church  restoration  when 
we  have  passed  aw^ay,  I  would  earnestly  beg  them  to 
prepare  themselves  for  the  duty  by  acquiring  accurate 

19  That  of  Thomas  Nelond,  Prior  of  slab  ""  is  now  nailed  up  in  an  ont-of- 
St.  Pancras,  Lewes,  who  died  in  1433.  the-way  corner,  like  a  bat  to  a  barn- 
See  a  paper  on  Sussex  brasses  by  the  door."  (Field  Paths,  &c.,  p.  47.)  Ou 
late  Mr.  Turner,  in  xxiii.,  S.A.C.,  129.  the  other  hand,  Mr.  M.  A.  Lower  had 
On  the  Cowfold  brass,  see  p.  151.  complained,  more  justly,   that    the  in- 

20  With  the  inscription  in  rude  ancient  scription  had  been  "much  injured  by 
characters,  "  Orate  p.  annema  Jhone  long  exposure  to  the  attrition  of  human 
Colline,"  XXT.,  S.A.C.,  112.  See  it  en-  feet"  (ii.,  S.A.C.,  178),  which  is  surely  a 
graved  in  ii.,  S.A.C.,  178,  a^ndin  Boutell's  sufficient  justification  for  those  who  have 
Christian  Monuments,  p.  105.  Mr.  Jen-  removed  it  from  the  floor  to  the  wall, 
nings  complains  that  this    "forlorn  old 


THE  GENERA-L  CHARACTER  OF  SUSSEX  CHURCHES.   Ill 

and  discriminating  knowledge.  Above  all  tilings,  avoid 
the  dangers  of  Aa //-knowledge,  and  the  conceit  by  which 
it  is  too  frequently  accompanied.  The  uncertain  cross- 
lights  of  partial  knowledge  are  often  more  perilous  and 
misleading  than  the  honest  darkness  of  ignorance.  Do 
not  criticize,  and  do  not  seek  to  interfere,  till  you  have 
learnt  to  know,  and  have  acquired  the  right  to  judo-e  ; 
and  let  reverence  be  always  present  as  the  sister  of 
knowledge.  And  do  not  suppose  that  general  rules 
are  equally  applicable  to  all  special  cases.  It  may  be 
wrong  to  destroy  a  late  Perpendicular  window;  but  it 
may  be  jnore  wrong  to  restore  it  exactly  as  it  stood,  if  its 
m.ullions  are  all  decayed  and  wasted,  and  if  you  find 
genuine  fragments  and  traces  of  an  older  window  em- 
bedded in  some  neighbouring  wall.  It  is  a  grave  error, 
however,  to  obliterate  any  stages  in  the  real  architec- 
tural history  of  a  building.  Make  it  your  principle,  then, 
neither  to  destroy  any  genuine,  honest  work  that  can 
be  retained  without  public  detriment,  nor  to  try  to 
impose  a  crude,  raw  novelty  by  mending  some  time- 
worn  form  of  interest  and  beauty.  In  short,  rever- 
ence for  ancient  work,  and  modesty  in  repairing  it, 
are  the  plain  and  simple  rules  that  would  protect  you 
from  any  serious  error  in  completing  the  restoration  of  our 
Sussex  Churches. 


I 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  COMMITTEE  OF  PLUX- 
DEEED  MINISTERS  RELATING  TO  SUSSEX. 


By  FREDERICK  ERNEST  SAWYER,  Esq.,  F.M.S. 


So  mucli  has  been  written  and  said  about  the  ministers 
ejected  in  1662  for  Nonconformity,  that  many  imagine 
they  were  the  only  persons  who  suffered  during  the 
troublous  times  in  the  17th  century. 

Amongst  the  manuscripts  in  the  British  Museum 
Library,  are  three  minute  books,  containing  the  "  Pro- 
ceedings of  the  Committee  of  Plundred  Ministers," 
from  1645  to  1647,  which  throw  considerable  light  on 
the  persecutions  of  the  clergy  by  the  Puritans. 

I  propose  to  collect  and  explain  all  the  references  to 
Sussex  Clergy  and  Parishes  contained  in  these  minute 
books,  but  before  doing  so  it  is  necessary  briefly  to  show 
how  the  proceedings  originated. 

On  Sept.  1st,  1 642,  the  Long  Parliament  resolved 
"  That  the  government  of  the  Church  of  England  by 
archbishops  bishops  &c,  is  a  great  impediment  to  refor- 
mation &c,  and  prejudicial  to  the  state  &c,  of  the  king- 
dom &c,  and  that  the  same  should  be  taken  away."i 

Whilst  this  (or  some  other)  bill  affecting  the  Church 
was  being  debated,  a  witness  was  produced  to  prove 
that  episcopacy  was  an  enemy  to  parliaments  and  that 
"  he  heard  a  Doctor  in  Divinity  in  Sussex  speak  some 
words  against  the  Parliament."^ 

The  Parliament  not  long  after,  viz.,  on  Dec.  7th,  1642, 

1  Add.    MSS.,     15669,      15G70,     and  2  Svferings    of    the     Clergy.       John 

15671.  Walker,  p.  19. 


COMMITTEE    OF    PLUNDERED    MINISTERS.  113 

appointed  a  Committee  (afterwards  from  its  duties  named 
"the  Committee  of  Plundred  Ministers"),  consisting  of 
the  following  members  : — "  M"^  Sollicitor,  S^  Gil.  Gerard, 
M^  Prideaux,  S^^'  W^  Armyn,  M'  Holland,  Mf  Rous,  S^^ 
Jo.  Holland,  and  Ml"  Cage."^  And  to  these  were  added  on 
Nov.  19th,  1644  (amongst  others)  Mr.  Selden,  and  Sir 
Harbottle  Gritnston  on  May  15th,  J  64<6. 

The  duties  of  the  Committee  are  expressed  in  the 
following  resolution,  which  is  given  at  the  beginning  of 
the  first  minute  book  : — 

"  Die  Sabbati  vii  December  1642 
Mr  Sollicitor 

This  Coniittee  or  any  foure  of  them  are  to  consider  of  tlie 
fittest  way  for  the  reliefe  of  such  godly  &  well  affected  ministers  as  have 
been  plundred  &  likewise  to  consider  what  malignant  persons  have  bene- 
fices here  in  &  about  this  towne  whose  livinges  being  sequestered  there 
may  others  supply  their  cures  &  receive  the  pfitts  &  are  to  meete  on 
Monday  next  at  two  of  the  clock  in  the  Exchey^  Court." 

Another  resolution  extended  their  functions  still 
further : 

"  Die  Jovis  27°  July  1643 
Ordered  by  the  Comons  assembled  in  Parliam*  that  the  Comittee  for 
plundred  Ministers  shall  nominate  none  to  any  parsonage  or  benefice  but 
such  as  first  shall  be  examined  by  the  Assembly  of  Divines  or  any  five 
of  tiiem  and  approved  of  by  Certificate  under  their  handes  And  the 
assembly  is  desired  to  appoynt  a  Comittee  to  this  purpose.  Ordered  that 
the  Comittee  for  plundred  Ministers  shall  have  power  to  consider  of  the 
Informations  against  scandalous  ministers  though  there  be  no  malig- 
nancy pved  against  them  and  shall  have  power  to  put  out  such  as  are  of 
scandalous  life  their  scandalls  being  pved  against  them."  (Add.  3fSiS., 
15669.) 

On  Feb.  2nd,  I64f ,  an  Ordinance  was  passed  directing 
the  Solemn  League  and  Covenant  to  be  taken  by  every 
man  above  the  age  of  18  throughout  the  country,  and  on 
Jan.  3rd,  164|  another  Ordinance  abolished  the   Prayer 

»  "  Mr.  Sollicitor  "  (i.e.,  The  Solicitor  Mr.  Cornelius  nolland  (King's  judge), 

General)  was  Oliver   St.    John,  member  Aeic    Windsor;    Mr.  Rous,   Truro;  Sir 

for    Totnes.       The    other  members    sat  John  Holland,  Bart.,  Castle  Risinff  ;  Mr. 

for  the  following   places  :— Sir  Gilbert  Cage  (dead  1G44),  Tpsidc/i.     See  List  of 

Geiard,  BsLvt.,  Middlesex ;   Mr   Edmund  Long  Parliament,  in  Car^i/Ze's   Life  and 

Prideaux,  Lyme  Regis  ;    Sir  Wm  Armyn  Letters  of  Oliver  Cromwell,  (1871,  edit.) 
(one  of  the  King's  judges),  Grantham; 

XXX.  Q 


114  COMMITTEE    OF    PLUNDERED    MINISTEES. 

Book,  and  by  one  on   Aug.   11th,   1645,  a  Directory  for 
Public  Worship  was  established.* 

The  "  Committee  of  Plundred  Ministers  "  had 
brancb  committees  in  each  county,  and  we  find,  that  in 
Sussex  committees  sat  at  Lewes,  Chichester,  Battle,  and 
Brarabletye.  Walker  says  tlie  local  committees  consisted 
of  not  more  than  10  nor  less  than  5  persons,  who  each 
had  five  shillings  a  day  for  their  attendance.  They  were 
"directed  to  take  depositions  of  witnesses  without  the 
accused  being  present^  but  if  he  desired  it  they  were  to  let 
him  have  a  copy  of  the  accusations  at  his  own  charge  P'^ 

Walker  also  states  that  "  there  was  a  report  long 
current  among  persons  of  good  credit  in  Sussex,  that 
about  one  hundred  of  the  clergy  being  brought  to  one 
of  the  seaports  on  that  coast,  were  thence  shipped  off  and 
never  heard  of  afterwards  (or  at  least  the  greater  part 
of  them)  for  which  reason  it  was  conjectured  that  they 
had  been  either  sold  or  murdered.''^ 

With  these  quotations  and  explanations,  I  can  resume 
the  subject,  and  for  convenience  I  give  the  Proceedings 
of  the  Committee  relating  to  the  various  parishes  in 
Sussex  separately  and  alphabetically,  the  new  numbers 
of  the  pages  in  the  manuscripts  being  referred  to. 

AlDING  BOURNE. 

The  first  reference  to  this  parish  is  contained  in  the  j 
following  letter  (which  explains  itself),  and  a  copy  or; 
draft  of  which  occurs  in  the  minutes  (15669,  p.  43)  : — 

"  Gentlemen 

The    Committee  for  Plundered    Ministers    have 
received  a  Peticon  from  Mr.  Thompson  from  whom  the  i 
Vicarage  of  Aldingburne  is  sequestered  together  with  a  I 
certificate  from  you  of  his   conformity'  to  the  Parliamt. 
The  Committee  are  inclined  to  shew  him  favor  but  as  his 
case  is  for  present  can  afford  him  little  reliefe.     If  you 

*  A  Collection  of  Orders,  ^'c,  of  Par-  ">  The  Puritan  ejectments  seem  from 
liament,  printed  by  Edward  Husband,  this  to  have  been  for  "political"  non- 
1646,  conformity.      The  ejectments    in   16G2 

*  SufferinQs  of  the  Clergy, -p.  118.  -nere  for  "religious"  nonconformity. 

*  2b.,  p.  74. 


COMMITTEE    OF    PLUNDEEED   MINISTEES.  115 

would  iDqnire  out  any  other  place  to  well  Mr.  Goldsmith 
the  present  minister  may  be  to  his,  I  am  confident  Mr. 
Thompson  will  find  that  countenance  from  the  Committee 
wch  will  both  answeareyor  desires  and  give  him  sufficient 
assurance  that  this  his  returne  and  submission  shall  be 
to  his  advantage 

jTor  servnnt 
Martii  22.  1644  (I)  [No  signature]." 

To  my  honoured  friends  y® 
Coittee  of  Parliam*  sittinof 
at  Chichester  ther  psent." 

On  April  5th,  1645,  there  is  a  resolution  requesting 
"  the  Coittee  for  Sussex  to  find  out  another  sequestered 
living  for  Mr.  Thompson  "  (p.  51).  Some  time  after  this 
Mr.  Tliompson  seems  to  have  supposed  his  sequestration 
was  at  end,  and  he  accordingly  took  possession  again, 
and  turned  out  Goldsmith,  as  appears  by  an  order  on 
Nov.  29th,  1645,  which,  after  reciting  the  sequestration 
from  Daniel  Thompson  to  "John  Goldsmyth  M""  of  Artes," 
proceeds,  "  &  ye  sayd  M.""  Goldsmith  hath  this  day  com- 
playned  that  ye  sayd  M^  Thompson  hath  intruded  him- 
selfe  againe  into  ye  sayd  Vicarage  &  thereby  outed  againe 
the  sayd  My  Goldsmyth."  The  former  order  is  then  con- 
firmed, and  Mr.  Thompson's  removal  is  directed,  and  it 
is  ordered  "  that  all  ptitts  taken  from  ye  sayd  M'.'  Gold- 
smyth by  ye  sayd  iutriicon  bee  restored  vnto  ye  sayd  My 
Goldsmyth"  (p.  216).  Mr.  Thompson  still  refused  to 
remove,  and  on  Dec.  13th  the  Committee  ordered  his 
"  contempt  be  transmitted  to  the  Comittee  of  Examiua- 
cons  &  that  the  Committee  for  the  sd  couutie  be  desired 
to  remove  Mf  Thompson  &  see  that  quiet  &  peaceable 
possession  be  delivered  "  (p.  225).  A  few  days  later  a 
peaceful  solution  of  the  difficulty  was  arrived  at  by  Mr. 
Goldsmith's  removal,  and  an  Order  of  the  Committee 
on  Dec.  27th  recites  the  sequestration,  "  &  since  upon  ye 
sd  M^  Thompson's  conformity  &  a  certificate  from  ye  said 
Countie  giveing  a  good  report  of  ye  sd  M^  Thompson," 
and  then  referring  to  the  letter  (see  cmte)  the  sequestra- 
tion and  order  confirming  it  are  discharged,  unless  good 


116  COMMITTEE    OF    PLUNDERED    MINISTERS. 

cause  shown  by  Mr.  Goldsmith  by  that  day  montb,  and 
Mr.  Thompson  is  referred  "to  the  Assembly  of  Divines 
to  examine  his  fitness  for  the  place." 

John  Goldsmith  was  probably  transferred  to  Pulborough  on  the 
sequestration  of  Randolph  Apsley.  {See  notes  on  *'  Pulborough  " 
post.) 

From  the  Burrell  MSS.^  it  appears  that  Allan  Thompson  was 
Vicar  of  Aldingburne  in  1613,  and  was  buried  there  on  June 
lOth,  1634:.  Daniel  Thompson,  A.B.  (perhaps  son  to  the  former), 
was  inducted  on  July  9th,  1634,  &  was  buried  there  on  March 
26,  1653.  In  "  the  Contrebution  of  the  Clergy  towards  the  repuir- 
inge  of  St.  Paides  Church  in  London,'^  in  1034  occurs,  "  Daniell 
Thompson,  vicar  of  Aldingbourne,  xs.  (001.  lOs.  OOd.)"^ 

Battle. 

On  Feb.  15th,  1641  the  Committee  reported  that 
*'  Whereas  the  vicarage  of  the  Parish  Church  of  Battell 
in  the  county  of  Sussex  is  and  standeth  sequestered  to 
the  use  of  John  Rowlandson  a  godly  and  learned  diviue 
who  hath  sithence  left  the  same  &  is  returned  to  his 
benefice  from  whence  hee  was  before  then  driven  by  the 
forces  raised  against  the  parliamt,"  and  appointed  "Henry 
lisher  M^  of  Artes  Minister  of  the  Word,"  and  granted 
the  tithes,  &c.,  to  him.      (15669,  pp.  4  and  17). 

Fisher,  in  his  turn,  was  attacked,  for  on  Jan.  17th, 
]  641,  upon  his  petition,  some  articles  exhibited  against 
him  were  referred  "  to  the  Comittee  of  Parlt  sittinge  in 
ye  said  Towne  of  Battell,"  and  to  hear  his  exceptions  to 
the  witnesses  (15670,  p.  8).  On  June  6th,  L646,  is  an 
order  for  the  Committee  at  Battle  to  call  witnesses  for 
the  defence  of  Mr.  Fisher,  and  to  certify  (p.  J  01).  Nothing 
further  occurs. 

The  Par.  Reg.  describes  Henry  Fisher  as  "  Oliver  Cromwell's 
Chaplain,"  and  records  the  following: — ''■  Baptisms.  Winifred 
daughter  of  Hy.  Fisher  Min^  of  the  Parish  Oliver  Cromwell's 
Chaplain  July  18.  1G47  (buried  Aug  29)  :  W™  son  of  Hy. 
Fisher  Min':  June  18.  1650:  bam!  son  of  dV  Feb.  21.1651. 
Burials.  W™  son  of  Hen.  Fisher  Min^  July  13.  1648."io  Henry 
Fisher  no  doubt  conformed  in  1662,  for  we  find  that  depositions 

«  Add.  MSS.,  5699,  pp.  286,  287.  "  Add.  MSS.,  5697,  p.  1. 

"  Sussex  Daily  News,  Oct.  17th,  1876. 


COMMITTEE    OF    PLUNDERED    MINISTERS.  117 

were  taken  at  Battle  on  28  Apr.,  16  Chas.  11.  (1665),  in  an  action 
between  "  Henry  Fisher,  Clerk,  Plaintiff  and  W?  Bigg  &  Joseph 
Bishop,  Defendants."  The  subject  of  the  action  being  the  tithes 
of  Battle,  and  in  another  action  between  the  same  parties,  depo- 
sitions were  taken  on  15  Nov.  19  Chas.  II.  (1668). ^^ 

It  is  not  improbable  that  Fisher  subsequently  became  Vicar  of 
Hooe  and  Wartling,  as  we  find  that  a  Henry  Fisher  was  inducted 
to  the  former  living  in  1663.  The  Par,  Reg.  of  Wartling 
records,  "  Burials.  Hen.  Fisher  Vicar  of  Wartling  11  yrs. 
7  mos  &  Hoo  for  17  yrs.     Sep  8.  1680."i2 

Bexhill. 

On  Feb.  4th,  ]  641  the  Committee  "  ordered  that  the 
Eectory  of  Bexhill  in  the  county  of  Sussex  be  sequestered 
from  JohnNutt"  (15669,  p.  12);  but  "  the  vote  was 
suspended  notwithstanding  Mr.  Nutt's  default  in  appear- 
ance "  at  that  sitting,  and  he  was  allowed  to  appear  on 
Feb.  20th,  "  but  on  being  called  did  not  appear  and  the 
sequestration  was  confirmed  (p.  16).  Another  resolution 
on  the  same  day  recites,  "  the  sequestration  from  John 
Nutt  for  hee  liveth  wholy  nonresident  to  the  church  and 
in  his  absence  substituted  to  officiate  for  him  scandalous 
and  unworthy  curates,"  confirmed  the  sequestration,  and 
sequestered  the  living  "to  the  use  of  John  Harrison  Mr 
of  Artes  a  godly  and  orthodox  divine." 

An  order  on  June  14th  recites  the  sequestration  from 
Nutt  to  Harrison,  and  orders  the  said  John  Nutt  and  his 
late  curate  &  others  to  deliver  up  to  Mr.  Harrison  forth- 
with "  all  Register  bookes  composicon  books  tithing 
books  &  all  other  writings  &c.  belonging  to  the  Rectorie" 
(p.  91).  On  July  6th  the  Committee  appointed  to  take 
into  consideration  a  petition  from  Mr.  Nutt  "  on  the  last 
day  of  July  "  (p.  105).  It  does  not  appear  what  was 
done  further. 

Burrell  gives  the  following  names  as  Vicars  of  BexhilP^  : — 
Jn.  Nutt,  B.D.     1620  (July  4j,  died  Dec,  1656.1* 
Thos.  Smith.         1641  and  1644. 
Jn.  Harrison,  B.D.     Ind.  1645. 
Thomas  Delves.  1658. 

11  40th  Report  of  Deputy  Keeper  of  '^  Add.  MSS.,  5697,  pp.  H4,  145,  248. 

Public  Records  (1879),  app.  pp.  128  aud  ''  ll>.,  5(597,  p.  31. 

160.  '    lb.  p.  30. 


118  COMMITTEE    OF    PLUNDERED    MINISTERS. 

The  Par.  Reg.  gives  the  folloTving  particulars  : — "  Baptisms. 
Eliz*>  d.  of  M^  John  Harrison  March  4.  1648  :  Dorothy  d.  of 
D°  Nov.  3.  1650:  Susanna  d.  of  D"  Feb  26.  1658  :  John  s.  of 
D"  Sep  2,  1662,  Marriage.  Jn  Harrison  B.D.  and  Mercy 
Taylor  Apl  14.  1661.  Burials.  John  s.  of  John  Harrison 
Nov  1.  1653  .  .  .  .  s.  ofd"  Nov.  7.  1650  :  Dorothy  d.  of  d°  Dec 
9.  1650  :  Sus?  d.  of  d«  Apl  4.  1659  :  Eliz*?'  wife  of  d°  Feb  26. 
1658.15  John  Nutt  was  also  Rector  of  Berwick  (1618  to  1053), 
and  his  pedigree  has  been  given  in  a  previous  volume.^^ 

How  Thos.  Smith  can  have  been  Vicar  does  not  appear  very 
clear;  periiaps  he  was  the  "scandalous  and  unworthy  curate." 
The  order  of  June  14th,  1645,  would  rather  confirm  this  view. 

Walker  says — "  John  Nut.  Prebend  of  Ferring.  He  died 
under  the  Usurpation.  There  was  one  ii»'  Nut,  a  Clergyman  who 
suj)ported  M^  Wiltshaw,  the  Sequestered  Eector  of  Eusper  in 
this  County  and  suffered  i^ery  severely  for  it.  That  same  M.""  Nut 
is  also  said  to  have  lost  Two  Livings,  which  tis  probable  enough 
might  be  in  this  Countj  but  qiiwre.  1  take  him  to  have  been  the 
same  person  with  XhxaPrebendaru.  However  5?/(pr^  that  also."^^ 
There  can  be  no  doubt,  however,  that  this  John  Nutt  was  the 
person  alluded  to,  especially  as  in  "  The  Contrehution  of  the 
Clergie  ^c  towards  the  repairinge  of  S*.  Paiiles  Chaixh"  in 
1634,  occurs  "  John  Nutt  vicar  of  Bexhill  and  parson  of  Ber- 
wicke  £01  00  00  "  {Sussex  Daily  News,  Oct.  17,  1876). 


East  BbATcniNGioN. 

The  Committee  on  March  11th  1641,  appointed  "  the 
cause  agst  Nicholas  Pope  for  10'"  April"  (15669,  p.  33), 
and  on  April  5th  (?  lOth)  L645,  "  It  is  ordered  that  the 
cause  appointed  to  be  heard  this  day  concerning  Mr  Pope 
Minister  of  Bletchingdon  in  the  county  of  Sussex  be 
adiourned  till  the  two  and  tweutieth  day  of  May  next." 
On  May  3rd,  "  The  peticon  of  Nicholas  Pope  Minister  of 
Bletchingdon  Sussex  was  read  thereby  desiring  a  copy 
of  the  exaicons  agt  him  but  in  regard  he  was  put  at  y® 
taking  y*  sd  exaicons  this  coittee  considering  of  the 
same"  (p.  66).  Successive  adjournments  of  the  case 
took  place  from  May  22nd  to  June  17th,  July  10th, 
and  Aug.  28tli,  1645,  and  on  the  latter  day  it  was 
"  ordered  that  the  cause  concerning  Mr.   Pope  of  Blet- 

"  Query  1653,  see  vi.  S.A  C,  p.  22.3.  of  the  Clergy, Ji-c,in.  the  Grand  RobeUion." 

"  Ti.  S.A.C.,  p.  238.  John  Walker,  London,   1714,  Vol.  ii.,  p. 

"  An   attempt  towards     recovering  I'd, 
an  account  oj  the  yumbers  and  Suffei'ings 


COJIMIT'IEE    OF    PLUNDERED    MINISTERS.  119 

chingdon  in  the  county  of  Sussex  be  sine  die  for  that  tlie 
parties  on  neither  side  doe  attend  the  Coittee  herein  " 
(p.  149).  On  Sept.  18tli  it  was  appointed  for  Oct.  21st, 
and  on  that  day  for  Nov.  13th  (pp.  180  and  195),  bat 
nothing  further  appears  in  the  minute  books. 

The  proceedings  against  Mr.  Pope  seem  to  have  been  con- 
ducted with  very  little  energy,  and  probably  fell  through,  especially 
as  Burrell  does  not  mention  any  other  Vicar  until  after  the  deatli 
of  Nicholas  Pope,  (on  Oct.  15tli  1661),  when  John  Saxby  was 
inducted  on  Feb.  12th,  166i.i^  (See  notes  as  to  Saxby /)os^  under 
Seaford).  Nicholas  Pope  was  also  Vicar  of  Folkiiigton  (Fulk- 
ington).i3  The  following  is  the  inscription  on  his  gravestone  at 
Blntchington  : — 

"  Here  lyeth  the  body  of  Nicliolas  Pope,  Rector  of  Blatching- 
ton  Sone  of  Ralf  Pope  of  Hendall,  in  the  Parish  of  Bucksted 
Esquier  who  died  the  15  daye  of  October  1661  buried  the  20tli 
being  69  years  old."  The  Par.  Reg.  of  -Blatchington  records — 
"  Baptisms.  Anthony  s.  of  Nic?Poj)e  May  29.  1634:  John  s.  of 
d?   Sep  4.  1636  :  Mary  d.  of   d"   Feb  6.  1638.'  20 

In  "  The  Contrebitt ion  of  the  Clerrjy  for  repairing  St.  Paules.'^"^ 
occurs  "  Nicholas  Pope,  parson  of  Blatchington  and  vicar  of 
Ffokington,  00  10  00." 


Eastbourne. 

On  Feb.  25th,  164f,  the  Committee  appointed  "  The 
cause  agst  M!"  Graves  for  3^^  April"  (15669,  p.  19)  and  on 
April  5^^  1645  they  ordered  "  Mf  Grraves  should  have  a 
further  day  forbearing  on  1^*  May  "  (p.  55).  The  case 
was  probably  not  heard  then,  for  on  Sept.  21st,  it  was 
appointed  for  16th  Oct.  (p.  180),  but  nothing  was  done 
until  May  26th,  1 646,  when  the  Committee  resolved  that 
"the  exaicons"  of  witnesses  transmitted  were  "in 
generall  only  wthout  any  pticuler  whereby  to  enable  this 
Comitee  iudiciallie  to  proceed  in  the  sd  cause,"  and 
referred  the  case  back  to  the  Committee  sitting  at  Lewes, 
"  to  take  the  particuler  sayings  of  the  witnesses  on  both 
sides  "  (15670,  p.  91).  No  further  resolution  appears 
in  the  Minute  Books. 

'«  Add.  MSS.,  5697  p.  340.  ^o  jj.^p.  337  and  339. 

"  lb.  p.  404.  ''  See  note  9,  Aldingbourne,  ante. 


120  COMMITTEE    OF    PLUNDERED    MINISTKRS. 

It  is  probable  that  the  proceedings  fell  through  or  were  aban- 
doned as  we  find  by  the  Burrell  MSS.  that  James  Graves,  Vicar 
of  Eastbourne  (ind.  22  8ep.,  1638),  was  buried  there  on  the  6th 
Jan.,  164|-,  and  John  Bolt  was  inducted  on  May  2oth,  1648.22 
John  Bolt's  (also  spelt  Boulte)  26<A  child  was  baptized  in  1651.-3 
and  the  Par.  Reg.  records  his  marriage  on  Sep.  9th,  1658,  to 
"  M"  Cicely  Forde  of  S*.  Saviour's  Southwark."  There  is,  there- 
fore, little  doubt  that  he  may  be  identified  with  the  John  Bolt^'*  (qu. 
Vicar  of  Brighton)  buried  at  Brighton  Nov.  7th,  1669,  who  was 
"  blessed  with  29  children  by  two  wives  !  "^^ 

HORSTED   PaRVA. 

The  following  curious  order  occurs  on  May  24tb,; 
1545; — «<  This  Coittee  have  taken  into  consideracon  the' 
cause  transmitted  from  the  Coittee  of  Parliamt  for  the 
county  of  Sussex  why  the  wife  of  M^  Peckham  from 
whom  the  Vicarage  of  Horstede  Parva  in  the  said  County 
is  sequestered  should  not  have  a  S**"  pt"^  for  her  main- 
tenance &  for  that  it  appeareth  that  she  hath  contemned 
the  said  sequestracon  by  keeping  possession  of  the  house 
till  she  was  from  thence  expelled  &  that  during  her  said 
continuance  she  hath  comitted  much  wilfull  spoyle  upon 
the  said  house  &  for  that  the  said  living  is  but  small  & 
the  said  M^  Peckham  doth  practice  Phisick  &  farmeth 
Lands  worth  18Z  a  yeare  &  the  said  living  is  of  itself o 
small  this  Coittee  thinke  fit  that  the  said  living  be  dis- 
charged from  the  said  fifth  part  &  M"".  Bigge  to  whom  the 
same  is  sequestered  is  hereby  discharged  from  the  pay- 
ment thereof."      (15669,  p.  79.) 

Burrell  gives   the    following   names   as   the  Vicars  of  Horsted 
Parva^^ : — 

'•  Jn  Peckham,  Ind.  1622—1643. 
Joseph  Biggs,  Ind.  1643.     Bur.  4  Feb.,  1660. 
Nehemiah     Beaton,   Ind.    166 — ,   ejected   1661  "    [must  be 
1662]. 

a  Add.  MSS.,  5697,  pp.  380  and  391.  allow   one-fifth    to    the   family  of  the 

'3  IV.  S.A.C.,  266,  267.  ejected  minister,   on  condition  that  he 

**  See    notes    under   Kingston -near-  mnst    deliver    up    possession,    and  an 

Lewes,  post.  angry  word  from  his    wife  or  children 

^^  XX [X.  S.A.C.,  206.  was  held  contrary  to  this  and   fatal   to 

**  Walker  says,  "An  Ordinance  of  Par-  their  claim." — Sufferings  of  the  Clergy, 

liament    on    the    19th  Aug.,  1643,  gave  p.  175. 

power  to  the  sequesti'ating  committee  to  "  Add.  MSS.,  5698,  pp.  499  and  500. 


COMMITTEE    OF   PLUNDEEED    MINISTERS.  121 

Tho  Par.  Reg.  gives  the  following  particulars  : — Baptisms. 
"  Saml  s.  of  Joseph  Biggs  Rector  June  16.  1644:  Geo  s.  of  d? 
Jan  10.  1647:  Benj-?  s.  of  d?  Apl  21.  1650:  Martha  d.  of 
Nehemiah  Beaton,  rector  Sep  24.  1662.  Burial.  Mr  Joseph 
Biggs  Rector  Feb  4.  1660." 

John  Peckham  is  described  in  a  previous  volume  as  "  abase  and 
licentious  man. "28  Nehemiah  Beaton  (son  of  John  Beaton,  Vicar 
of  Rye,  and  brother  of  John  Beaton  Vicar  of  Kirdford  (see 
XIV.  S.  A.  C,  p.  275),  was  ejected  in  1662  for  Nonconformity,  and 
was  received  into  the  family  of  Col.  Herbert  Morley,  at  Glynde, 
where  he  died  and  was  buried  in  Glynde  church  in  1663.29 

John  Peckham  was  one  of  the  "  Century  of  Malignant  Priests  " 
whose  livings  were  sequestered  by  the  House  of  Commons  in  the 
autumn  of  1643.  Colonel  John  White  thus  describes  him  in 
"  The  Century  "  (p.  llf^  :— "  25.  The  Benefice  of  John  Peckham, 
Rector  of  the  Parish  Church  of  Hosteede  Parva,  in  the  county 
of  Sussex,  who  giveth  out  that  he  is  the  Kings  Chaplaine,  is 
sequestred,  for  that  he  hath  been  very  negligent  in  his  cure, 
absenting  himselfe  from  his  Parishioners,  sometimes  a  whole 
Month  together,  without  leaving  any  to  Officiate  for  him,  and 
hath  refused  to  administer  the  Lord's  Supper  to  those  of  his 
Parish  that  would  not  come  up  to  the  Railes,  and  is  a  common 
drunkard,  and  notorious  adulterer  and  uncleane  person,  (here 
follow  some  details  unfit  for  publication),  and  hath  expressed  great 
malignity  against  the  Parliament,  and  proceedings  thereof,  and 
hath  affirmed  publikely,  that  a  man  might  live  in  murther,  adultery 
and  other  grosse  sinnes  from  day  to  day,  and  yet  be  a  true  penitent 
person^ 


HUESTPIERPOINT. 

The  following  order  occurs  on  Feb.  18th,  164*  : — 
"  This  Comitee  doe  appoynt  to  Consider  of  the  cause 
depending  before  them  against  Df  Swaile  rector  of  Hurst 
in  the  county  of  Sussex  on  the  13*^  day  of  March  next 
when  the  said  Dr  is  to  have  convenient  notice  to  the  end 
that  he  may  attend  this  Comitee  herein  &  he  hath  liberty 
in  the  raeane  time  to  consider  whether  he  will  take  the 
vow  &  covenant  &  solemne  league  and  covenant  &  to 
give  this  Comitee  his  answere  herein  by  the  said  daye" 
(15669,  p.  15).  Dr.  Swale  no  doubt  refused,  and  on 
March  13th  they  "  Resolved  uppon  the  question  by  the 

**  XXI.  S.  A.  C,  p.  195.  3°  Ordered  (on  17th  Nov.  1643)  by  the 

*'  Nonconformist  Memorial.  Calamy,       House  of  Commous  to  be  printed, 
vol.  iii. 

XXX.  B, 


122  COMMITTEE    OF    PLUNDERED    MINISTERS. 

Comitee  that  Christoplier  Swaile  Doctor  in  Divinity  be 
forthwtli  sequestered  of  and  from  the  rectory  of  Hurst 
and  all  his  spirituall  promocons''^  in  the  county  of  Sussex  " 
(p.  32).  On  the  18th  "  Morgan  Haine  Minister  of  the 
word,"  was  recommended  to  the  Assembly  of  Divines 
for  examination  and  to  have  the  livinsf  (p.  35),  and  the 
resolution  was  repeated  on  the  27th  (p.  43),  but  rescinded 
on  the  29th,  when  "It  is  ordered  that  in  regard  Mf 
Morgan  Haine  minister  of  the  word  is  consented  freely  to 
relinquish  all  clayme  to  the  rectory  of  Hurst  in  Sussex 
under  sequestracon  for  that  there  is  another  minister  who 
hath  officiated  there  &  is  generally  desired.  The  said  Mf 
Haine  shall  be  speedily  pvided  for  by  this  Coittee " 
(p.  49).  The  other  minister  was  Humphrey  Streete, 
who,  on  April  12th,  1645,  was  recommended  to  the 
Assembly,  &c.,  and  to  have  the  living  (p.  53).  The 
Committee  probably  thought  it  necessary  to  prepare  a 
formal  indictment  or  judgment  on  Dr.  Swale  (as  he  was  a 
man  of  eminence),  and  thereby  to  justify  his  expulsion 
from  the  living,  and  accordingly  they  resolved,  on  April 
12th,  1645,  that  "Whereas  Christopher  Swaile  Doctor 
in  Divinity  Rector  of  the  Parish  Church  of  Hurst  in  the 
county  of  Sussex  is  a  continual  practiser  of  the  late 
superstitious  simulacon  (?)  of  bowing  at  the  name  of 
Jesus  pressing  in  his  subject  the  observacon  thereof 
uppon  paine  of  damnacon  maintaining  the  practice  thereof 
by  argument  &  caused  the  booke  of  liberty  of  pphanacon 
of  the  Lordes  day  to  be  published  in  his  church  highly 
extolling  the  same  and  declared  his  opinion  of  the  law- 
fullness  of  playing  the  sd  day  before  and  after  evening 
prayer  &  hath  in  his  sermons  reproved  keeping  private 
dayes  of  humihacon  inveighing  against  such  as  kept 
them  and  hath  much  neglected  the  observacon  of  the 
monthly  fast  &  hath  publikely  dissuaded  his  parishon" 
from  taking  up  of  armes  affirmeing  they  must  beare  what 
ever  their  Sovraigne  please  to  lay  uppon  them  though  to 
the  death  And  hath  said  that  the  Parliamtis  noe  Parliamt 
And  hath  refused  to  publish  the  order  of  the  House  of 

"  This  order  seems  to  have  sequestered  Dr.  Swale  from  the  living  of  Westbourne. 

See  j/ost. 


COMMITTEE    OF    PLUNDEEED    MINISTERS.  123 

Commons  agt  bowing  at  the  name  of  Jesus  saying  before 
his  parish  it  came  but  from  the  house  of  Commons  &  that 
it  was  illegall  and  other  orders  of  Parliamt  laughing  at 
such  as  read  them  and  hath  endeavoured  by  Ires  and 
otherwise  to  take  of  divers  from  their  adhering  to  & 
assisting  the  Parliamt  and  hath  otherwise  expressed  great 
malignancy  agt  the  Parliamt  and  it  was  therefore  ordered 
the  thirteenth  day  of  March  last,  &c."  Then  follows  a 
sequestration  of  the  living  to  the  use  of  Humphrey 
Streete  (p.  55). 

Street  (or  Streete)  appears  to  have  had  but  little  (if 
any)  enjoyment  of  the  living,  for  the  patron  made  another 
presentation,  and  on  Nov.  8th,  1645,  there  is  an  order 
"  that  Leonard  Lichfield  Rector  of  Hurst  "  be  summoned 
to  answer  articles  exhibited  against  him  (p.  203).  On 
April  23rd,  1646,  the  cause  was  appointed  for  "  Tuesday 
next"  (15670,  p.  70),  and  accordingly  on  April  28th, 
on  consideration  of  the  report  of  the  Sussex  Committee 
"  in  the  case  of  Mr  Lichford,  who  claimed  the  Rectory  by 
virtue  of  a  presentation,"  and  was  kept  out  by  James 
Mathew  and  Thomas  Butcher,  the  Committee  referred 
the  parties  to  law,  but  continued  Mr.  Lichfield  {lb.,  p. 
77).  The  parishioners  who  had  "desired"  Mr.  Streete 
probably  supported  him,  for  the  order  was  not  obeyed, 
and  the  Committee  on  Aug.  6th,  on  consideration  of  the 
contempt  of  Mr.  Street,  J.  Mathew,  and  Thos.  Leney, 
ordered  each  of  them  to  pay  £3  costs  (p.  17  L).  They 
were  moved  on  Aug.  13th  to  leave  the  matter  entirely  to 
law,  but  refused  and  confirmed  the  last  order  (p.  180). 
Matters  continued  unsettled,  and  on  Sept.  16fch,  on  com- 
plaint made,  "M!"  Street  minister  of  y*  word,"  and  the 
others  were  ordered  to  attend  on  Oct.  15th,  but  nothing 
further  is  recorded. 

A  biographical  notice  of  Dr.  Swale  (who  was  also  vicar  of 
Westbourne),  has  already  appeared  in  our  "Collections"  (Vol. 
XXII.,  p.  103).  He  died  Sept.  7th,  1445.  The  inscription  on  his 
monument  (in  Hurst  Church)  is  given  in  the  Burrell  Add. 
MSS.,  5698,  p.  121.  Sir  Wm.  Burrell  mentions  Leonard  Litch- 
ford  as  vicar  in  1644. 

Leonard   Letchford   seems  to  have  vigorously  persecuted  the 


124  COMMITTEE    OF    PLUNDERED    MINISTERS. 

Quakers  (or  Friends),  as  the  following  interesting  extracts  from 

their  records  show  : — 

"1658.  William  Ashfold,  of  Hurstprpoint,  for  two  pounds 
demanded  for  Tithes  by  Leonard  Letcbford,  priest  of  ye  Same, 
by  order  from  Herbert  Morley  and  Eichard  Boughton,  Magis- 
trates, bad  allso  taken  from  him  [tbis  was  no  doubt  for  tithes] 
one  Cow  worth  foure  pounds  &  tenn  shillings."  A  meeting 
being  held  on  28th  March,  1662,  at  Hurst,  at  which  Ambrose 
Rigge,  Nicholas  Beard.  James  Mathew  [qu.  the  same  as  re- 
ferred to  in  the  order  of  Aug.  6tb,  1646,  above],  and  others 
were  present,  "  at  the  instigation  of  Leonard  Letcbford  the 
hireling  priest  of  Hurstprpoint  who  stirred  up  the  said  Rulers 
to  persecute  the  Liocent,"  they  were  taken  before  Walter 
Burrell  and  other  magistrates  and  committed  to  Horsham 
goal,"  Letcbford  gave  evidence  against  theai  at  the  Quarter 
Sessions,  and  all  except  Rigge  were  convicted.  In  1666  Mary 
Rigge  suffered  bitterly  from  the  persecutions  of  Letcbford, 
who  is  described  as  "  a  Ravening  Woolf."  Ont  Tlie  twenty 
eighth  Day  of  the  Ninth  mouth  of  yeare  1673,  Thomas  Heryott 
of  Hurstprpoint  and  John  Grover  of  the  Same,  were  Served 
with  a  Supeona  to  appeare  before  the  Barrons  of  tbe  Exchequer, 
to  answer  Leonard  Letcbford,  Priest  of  the  aforesaid  parish, 
because  for  conscience  sake  They  could  not  give  him  Tithes, 
and  they  did  appeare  accordingly — and  Soone  after  tbis  the 
said  Leonard  Letcbford  went  to  bed  in  health,  but  was  found 
dead  in  the  morning,  and  Soe  Ended  that  wicked  persecutor, 
who  was  a  constant  persecutor  of  the  people  of  God,  not  onely 
for  the  Tithe  web  he  claimed  of  them  but  allso  Tooke  all  other 
occasions  to  Stirr  vp  persecution  against  them,  and  wrott  a 
very  falce  and  Lying  Pampbelet  against  them  Stuffed  full  of 
Gross  abuses,  to  Render  them  as  vnfitting  to  Live  vpon  the 
Earth,  which  was  answered  by  Ambrose  Rigge."^^ 

Kingston-near-Lewes. 

An  Order  of  the  Committee  od  May  24th,  1645,  recites 
that  the  Vicarage  of  Kingston  was  "sequestered  from 
Henry  Shephearde,  Vicar  thereof  for  drunknesse  & 
other  misdemeanours,"  and  sequestered  it  "to  the  use 
of  John  Melvin  a  godly  &  orthodox  divine  and  he  is 
hereby  required  to  officiate  the  cure  of  the  said  Church 
as  Vicar  &  preach  diligently  to  the  pishoners  of  the  said 
pish  in  the  said  church  scut  in  Hwst."     (15669,  p.  82). 

^^  Ms.  Records  of  the  Society  of  kindness  of  Marriage  Wallis,  Esq.,  for 
Friends,  Friends^  Sufferings,  pp.  26,  74.  pi-ocuring  him  access  to  these  curious 
110.      The    writer  is  indebted    to   the       and  interesting  documents. 


COMMITTEE    OF   PLUNDERED    MINISTERS.  125 

Burrell  gives  the  name  of  ''  Hen  Shepperde  "  as  Vicar  of 
Kingston  in  1639.33  A  letter  (in  "Walker's  MSS.")  from  the 
Rev,  Richard  Owen^^  to  Walker,  and  dated  from  Iford  on  May  23, 
1716,  gives  a  very  different  version  of  Mr.  Shepheard's  seques- 
tration, and  says,  "  The  offence  for  wch  M^  Henry  Shepherd  was 
ejected  out  of  King's  Sutton  [Kingston]  juxta  Lewes  now  united 
to  Iford  was  only  this  as  I  am  credibly  informed.  On  Saturday 
evening  he  bought  a  shoulder  of  mutton  for  the  next  day's 
dinner  but  came  home  too  late  that  night  to  prepare  fewell  for  the 
dressing  of  it.  Therefore  the  next  morning  he  made  bold  with 
his  ax  to  give  a  chop  or  two  to  some  old  pales,  or  rails  he  had  by 
him  for  that  purpose.  This  was  presently  carried  to  Lewes  and  on 
Monday  following  he  was  convented  and  the  execution  done."^^ 

Walker  says  (Vol.  ii.,  p.  372),  "  Sheppard  Henry.  Kingston 
near  Lewes  V.  Pedinghove  V.  I  take  it  to  be  the  same  M^ 
Sheppard  who  lost  both  these  livings." 

Burrell  gives  in  the  Vicars  of  Piddinghoe,  "  Hen  Shepparde, 
Ind.  26  June  1636:  Jn  Boulte  Ind.  1663.  H.  Sheppard's  last 
signature  is  Mch.  18.  1663.  Jn  Boulte's  last  entry  is  1669  June 
27  "36  If  lY^ig  Henry  Shepherd  was  the  same  person  who  held 
the  living  of  Kingston,  it  would  seem  as  if  he  retained  Piddinghoe. 

Lewes.    St.  Ann's  al.  St.  Mary  Westout. 

The  Committee  on  April  24th,  1645,  "  ordered  that 
the  Vicarage  of  S*  Ann's  al.  S*  Mary  Westout  in  Lewes 
in  the  county  of  Sussex  being  void  by  tlie  death  of  the 
late  incumbent  be  sequestered  to  the  use  of  some  godly 
and  orthodox  divine."  Another  order  on  the  same  day 
refers  "  Gabriel  Gostwick  M''  of  Artes  "  to  the  Assembly 
for  examination,  &c.,  and  to  have  the  sequestration  of 
St.  Ann's  and  Southover  (15669,  p.  60).  The  same 
resolutions  are  repeated  (p.  71),  and  the  living  is  said  to 
be  "  in  the  gift  of  the  Kinges  Maty." 

The  name  of  the  deceased  incumbent  does  not  appear.  Burrell 
mentions,  in  the  list  of  Vicars  of  "  S^  Peter  &  S^  Mary  alias  S^ 
Anne's,"  "  Walter  Postlethwait  AB  ejected  1662.""  Calamy 
states^^  that  Postlethwait  was  ejected  from  St.  Michael's,  and 
Edward  Newton,  M.A.  from  St.  Ann's,  but  this  is  probably  in- 
correct. He  further  mentions  that  the  former  "  was  in  the  fifth 
monarchy  notion." 

'*  Add.  MSS.,  5698,  p.  142.  The  manuscripts  (very  volaminous)  are 

^*  Vicar  of  Kingston-cum-Iford,  from  in  the  Bodleian  Library,  Oxford.     For  a 

1692  to  1733.     See  xxix.  S.A.C.,  154.  Biographical  Notice  of  Walker   see   the 

3*  MSS. Vol  v.  The  Rev.  John  Walker  Penny   Cydopcedia. 

spent  a  great  part  of  his  life  in  collect-  ^«  Add.  MSS.,  5G98,  p.  236. 

ing  an  account  of  the   sufferings  of  the  ^^  It?.,  5698,  p.  188. 

clergy  daring  "the  Grand  Rebellion.'  ^*  JVonconformist  2l[emorial,Yo\.iii. 


126  COMMITTEE    OF    PLUNDERED    MINISTERS. 

NlNEIELD. 

The  first  resolution  is  on  Feb.  4th,  164|.  ''  It  is  this 
day  ordered  that  Thomas  Disney,  Clarke,  be  recommended 
to  the  Comitee  of  the  Assembly  of  Dy vines  for  exaicon 
of  ministers  who  are  thereby  desired  to  examine  the  fit- 
nesse  of  the  said  Thomas  Disney  to  have  the  sequestracon 
of  the  rectory  &  church  of  Nenfield  in  the  County  of 
Sussex  and  to  officiate  the  cure  there  and  to  certify  the 
same"     (15669,  p.  8.) 

Thomas  Disney  seems  not  to  have  enjoyed  the  living 
long  (if  at  all),  for  on  June  14th,  1645,  the  Committee 
"  Referred  Bartholomew  Warner  minister  of  y®  word  to 
the  Coittee  of  y®  Assembly  for  exaicons  for  y^  Rectory  & 
Church  of  Nenfield  in  Sussex  "  (p.  89).     Another  order 

on  July  10th  recites  the   sequestration  from Giles, 

"  for  seuall  misdemeanours,"  and  sequesters  the  living 
*'  to  the  use  of  Bartholomew  Warner  a  godly  and  ortho- 
dox divine  "  (p.  109).  Warner  was  no  doubt  actually  a 
"  plundred  minister,"  for,  on  May  10th,  1645,  the  Com- 
mittee "ordered  that  M"" Bartholomew  Warner  a  plundred 
minister  be  taken  care  of  to  be  pvided  for  "   (p.  71). 

Burrell  gives  the  name  of  Thomas  Delves,  vicar,  as  inducted 
in  1655.2^  The  latter  seems  also  to  have  been  vicar  of  Bexhill 
in  1658.  In  a  previous  list  of  vicars,  &c.,  of  Niafiekl,*''  John 
Gyles,  A.M.  (ind.  22  Nov.,  1611)  is  said  to  have  bee^i 
sequestered. 

In  "  The  Contrebution  of  the  Clergie  towards  the  repairinge 
of  S\  Paules  cliuich^^  in  1634,  occurs  "John  Gyles  vicar  of 
Nendfield  00  10  00  "  {Sussex  Daily  News,  Oct.  17th,  1876). 

OviNGDEAN. 

The  first  resolution  is  on  March  15th,  1641,  appoint- 
ing "  the  cause  agst  John  Stemp,  Parson ''  for  lOtii 
April  (15669,  p.  32),  but  nothing  was  done  until  Sept. 
18th,  1645,  when  the  case  was  again  fixed  for  Oct.  28tii 
(p.  180).  On  Dec.  16th  the  Committee  "  ordered  that 
the  rectorie  of  Ovingdeane  in  the  countie  of  Sussex  shall 
stand  sequestered  from  John  Stemp   Parson  thereof  foi 

39  Add.  MSS.,  5697,  pp.  30  and  169.  "  xvii.,  S.A.C.,  pp.  60  and  61. 


COMMITTEE    OF    PLUNDERED    MTNISTEES.  127 

drunknesse  &  other  scandalous  misdemeanours"  (p. 
231).  And  next  day  (17th),  they  "ordered  that  there 
be  no  disposicon  of  the  Church  of  Ovingden  wthout  the 
Cottee  for  f  said  County"  (p.  238)/  On  April  4th, 
1646,  "  Upon  certificate  &  desire  of  the  Comittee  of 
Parliam*  for  Sussex,"  Mrs.  Stemp  wife  of  Mr.  Stemp 
was  ordered  to  have  £20  a  year  in  lieu  of  her  fiftli  part, 
unless  cause  shewn  within  a  month.  Mr.  Stemp  to  be 
satisfied  for  his  services  out  of  the  profits  of  the  church 
(15670,  p.  66).  It  appears  from  this  that  Mr.  Stemp 
was  still  allowed  to  officiate.  On  July  2nd,  1646, 
"  Thomas  G-eere  of  Ovingdean  &  Thomas  Gunn  of  Bright 
Hempston  "  were  ordered  to  provide  for  the  service  of 
the  Church  of  Ovingdean,  and  to  gather  and  collect  the 
residue  of  the  rents  and  profits  of  the  benefice,  and 
satisfy  the  persons  who  should  officiate  (p.  135).  No 
further  appointment  to  'the  living  is  recorded  in  the 
minute  books. 

From  the  Burrell  MSS.  it  appears  that  John  Stempe  in  1620 
succeeded  "  WP  Savadge  (bur  4  Sep  1619)."  Robt.  Wolley  was 
Vicar  in  1679.'*^  A  note  in  a  previous  volume^^  gays  that  on  a 
Commission  by  the  Bishop  in  1686,  it  was  found  that  "  there  had 
been  no  communion  at  Ovingdean  within  the  memory  of  man  !" 


Pqlborough. 

On  April  5th,  1645,  "the  articles  agst Randall  Apsley 
Parson  of  Pulberough,''  were  appointed  to  be  heard  on 
10th  May  (15669,  p.  53).  The  Committee  on  June  12th 
ordered  the  Committee  of  Parliament  sitting  at  Lewes 
to  receive  the  articles  against  Randall  Apsley,  parson  of 
Pulborough,  to  hear  witnesses  on  both  sides,  and  report 
to  the  Committee  by  10th  July  (p.  88).  There  is  a  draft 
resolution  on  July  14th  reciting  that  the  Committee  at 
Lewes  had  made  no  report,  and  "  requesting  them  to  ex- 
amine and  report  by  the  —  day   of "  (p.  112).     A 

marginal  note  states  that  this  resolution    was   only  pre- 
pared, but  nothing  was  actually  done.     There  is  no  further 

*'  Add.  MSS.  5G98,  p.  210.  "  iv.  S.A.C,  280. 

I 


128  COMMITTEE    OF   PLUNDERED    MINISTERS. 

reference   to  the   matter  in  the  minute  books,  but  Mr. 
Apsley  was  some  time  after  sequestered. 

The  following  interesting  notes  on  Mr.  Apsley,  from  Walker's 
MSS.43  are  extracted  from  a  letter  from  The  Rev.  Thos.  New- 
comb  (of  Petworth),  to  Mr.  Joshua  Reighnolds  (of  Corpus 
Christi  Coll.,  Oxford)  :— 

"  Mr.   Apsly  Rector  of  Pulberow  in  Sussex  (a  parish 
joyning  to  mine)    was  sent  for  to  Dv     Cheynell   (then 
Rector  of  Petworth  and  sole  judge  in  all  matters  eccle- 
siastical) and  by  him  was  commanded  to  give  an  account 
of  his    Election   before   him   and    4  more  Elders ;   Mr 
Apsly    knowing    their  design  fram'd   such   an  answer, 
that  they  had  nothing  to  object  against  him,  and  so  for 
that   time  dismist  him  ;   Vut    his   living   being  worth  4  ' 
hun.  a  year  Cheynel  resolv'd  on  some  prtence   or  other 
to  turn  him  out  and   accordingly  received   information 
from   one  of  his   party   that   Mr  Apsly   was  seen  in  a 
pnblick  ale    house    at    Stopham    bridg    (a  place  in  my  i 
parish)  there  drinking  ;    for  which   he    was    summond  I 
before  Cheynell  a  second  time  and  accused  as  a  common  j 
drinker,  and  a  scandalous  liver,   and  without  being  per-  1 
mitted  to  make  any  answer,  he  was    thrown    out   of  his  j 
living  to  allmost  the  utter  ruin  of  his  family,  who  lived 
very  meanly  at  another  small  living  of  his,  his  children 
being  kept  by   the  charity  of  his  relations.     He  was 
succeeded  by  a  notorious    Phanatick  one  Golduier,  who 
liv'd  til  y^  Restauration,  after  which  Mr  Apsly  was  again 
restored." 
Burrell  mentions  Thomas  Wilson,  D.D.,  as  Vicar  of  Pulborough 
in  1640  &  sequestered  :  Randolph   Apsley,  1646,  sequestered  and 
restored  1660.     "  Jn    Goldsmith  became    Rector    on  ye   removal 
of  Apsle}  who  became  Rector  again  on  Goldsmith's  death."^  (See 
notes  as  to    Goldsmith,  ante,  under  Aldingbourne),     The  Par. 
Reg.    of  Pulborough    records  : — "  Baptisms.     Ann  d.    of  Randul 
Apsley,  Sep.  6^^  1641  (bur.  Apl  15^^   1643)  :   Dorothy  d.    of  d? 
May    8.    1649:  Hen.    s.   of  d'?   Dec.  23.  1651  :  Randol  s.  of  d? 
Apl   7.  1653.     Burials.     Ann    wife    of  Randol  Apsley   Incum- 
bent Sep  20.   1641.— Jn  Goldsmith  Rector  of  this  Psh  Aug  16. 
1659.— Randol  Apsley  Rector  of  y«  Church  Dec  18.   1663."45 

The  statement  in  Mr.  Newcomb's  letter,  quoted  above,  that 
Golduier  (or  Goldwire)  succeeded  Apsley  is  probably  a  slight 
mistake,  due  to  his  confusing  the  name  with  that  of  Goldsmith. 
John  Goldwire  was  ejected  from  Arundel  in  1662  for  Noncon- 
formity, died  May  22nd,  1690  (aged  88),  and  was  buried  at 
Romsey.'*^ 

43  MSS.  Vol.  iii.,  875,  870.  *^  Nonconforviist  Memorial.     Calamy, 

*4  Add.  MSS.,  5699, p.  201.  Vol.  iii. 

*'  lb.,  p.  198. 


COMMITTEE   OF   PLUNDERED   MINISTERS.  129 

RODMILL. 

The  Committee  on  April  24th,  1545,  "  ordered  that 
the  Yicarage  of  Rodmill  in  the  county  of  Sussex  be 
sequestered  from  Mf  Newman  by  and  wth  the  consent  of 
the  sd  My  Newman.  Ordered  that  Thomas  G-rundy  be 
referred  to  the  Assembly  for  it "  (15669,  p.  60).  The 
same  resolution  is  repeated  on  another  page  (p.  69) 
where  it  says  "  certain  articles  being  exhibited  agst  Mi" 
Newman  he  relinquished  his  interest." 

Burrell  gives,  "Thomas  Grundy.  —  bur.  27  Sep  1651," 
amongst  the  Vicars  of  Eodmill,  but  does  not  mention  Newman.^^ 

Calamy  mentions  a  Thomas  Grundy  ejected  (in  1G62)  from 
the  neighbouring  parish  of  Denton  for  Nonconformity.^^ 

ROGATE. 

On  March  27th,  164t,  a  resolution  desired  the  Com- 
mittee for  Sussex  to  hear  and  examine  witnesses  for  the 
defence  in  the  case  of  Mi"  Littleton  &  to  report  in  3 
weeks  (15669,  p.  45)."  Nothing  further  took  place 
until  Dec.  20th,  when  the  cause  was  appointed  for  that 
"  day  seven  night."  The  next  resolution  is  on  Feb.  26th, 
1641,  that  the  examinations  are  to  be  considered  on 
April  21  (15670,  p.  23),  and  on  the  latter  day  the  case 
is  appointed  for  May  14th  (p.  68),  after  which  nothing 
further  occurs. 

Mr.  Littleton  was  presumably  Vicar  of  Rogate,  but  there  are 
no  particulars  in  the  Burrell  MSS.  respecting  him. 

Rye. 

The  Committee  on  Feb.  15th,  164 ±,  made  the  follow- 
ing order  : — "  "Whereas  the  Yicarage  of  the  Parish  Church 
of  Rie  in  the  county  of  Sussex  is  and  standeth  se- 
questered by  order  of  this  Committee  of  the  nineteenth 
of  November  last  This  Committee  doe  hereby  authorize 
and  appointe  MV  Richard  Cockram,  Ml^  Richard  Miller,  Mf 
Samuel  Landsdale  and  My  Thomas  Osmonton  Jurates  of 

*7  Add.  MSS.,  5698.  p.  272.  *^  Nonconformist  Memorial,  Vol.  iii. 

XXX.  s 


130  COMMITTEE    OF    PLUNDERED    MINISTERS. 

the  said  towne  to  collect  and  gather  the  tithes  rents  reve- 
nues &  profittes  of  the  said  vicarage  and  to  take  care  and 
provide  for  the  service  of  the  cure  of  the  said  church 
and  by  and  wth  the  pfitte  of  the  said  vicarage  to  pay  and 
satisfy  such  person  &  persons  as  they  shall  provide  for 
the  service  of  the  sd  cure  untill  this  Comitee  shall  make 
further  order  in  the  premisses  "  (15669,  p.  13).  Another 
order  on  Sept.  3rd,  1646,  recites  that  the  Vicarage  of 
Rye  was,  by  order  of  19  Nov.,  1644,  sequestered  from 
Brian  Twine  to  the  use  of  John  Beaton,  and  ordered 
that  it  be  sequestered,  and  John  Beaton  required  to 
officiate  the  cure  there  (15670,  p.  204). 

In  a  previous  volume'^^  it  is  stated  that  Brian  Twine,  S.T.B.,  was 
inducted  on  Mar.  15th,  1630,  and  died  at  Oxford  on  July   4th, 
1644,     The  latter  statement  can  hardly  be  correct.     The  Burrell 
MSS.  give  the  following  Vicars  of  Eye  : — 
«  Bryan  Twine  ind.  1620  (qu.) 
W°i  Russell     ind.  1652 
J°  Allen  ind.  1655" 

The  Par.  Reg.  of  Rye  records  :  ''  Baptism.  Jn.  s.  of  M"^  Jn. 
Beaton  MinT  March  15. 1642."50  (See  notes  as  to  John  Beaton 
ante  under  Hoested  Parva.) 


Seaford-cum-Sutton. 

This  living  was  sequestered  from  Thomas  Ballow,  and 
on  May  10,  1645,  "Upon  peticon  of  Martha  wife  of 
Thomas  Ballow  from  whom  the  vicarage  of  Seaford  & 
Sutton  is  sequestered,"  it  was  ordered  that  she  should 
have  a  fifth  of  the  tithes,  &c.  (to  be  paid  quarterly), 
unless  cause  shewn  by  June  17th,  "the  said  Mf  Ballow 
&  bis  wife  yielding  obedience^^  to  the  sequestracon " 
(15669,  p.  71). 

On  June  17th  the  cause  was  appointed  for  the  15th 
July  (p.  91).  On  Aug.  16th  there  was  a  complaint  by 
Mrs.  Ballow  that  the  sequestrators  had  hitherto  denied 
payment  of  the  Jifth,  notwithstanding  several  summonses 
of  the  Committee,  and  they  were  therefore  ordered  to 
pay  the  same  within  a  fortnight  or  their  contempt  to  be 

*9  xiii.  S.A.C.,  274.  51  See  note  26  ante,  tinder  Horsted 

w  Add.  MSS.,  5697,  pp.  207,  211.  Parva. 


COMMITTEE    OF    PLUNDERED    MINISTEES.  131 

transmitted  (p.  137).  Another  order  on  Aug.  19th  recites 
the  last  order,  "  &  for  that  it  is  desired  in  the  behalf e  of 
Mf  Saxbie  the  minister  there  that  in  regard  of  harvest  he 
may  have  further  daie  for  producing  his  witnesses,"  and 
appoints  Sept.  18th,  and  the  last  order  to  be  suspended, 
provided  that  Mr.  Saxby  "  on  sight  of  the  order,"  paid 
Mrs.  Ballow  £10  on  account,  and  in  default  the  order  to 
stand  (p.  140).  On  Aug.  28th,  a  further  order,  reciting 
the  last,  refers  the  dispute  as  to  the  5th  part  and  the 
question  of  the  £10  to  the  Committee  sitting  at  Lewes 
(p.  149) ;  and  on  30th  that  Committee  was  ordered  to 
enquire  and  report  by  Sept.  23rd  (p.  161).  The  great 
hardship  inflicted  by  these  proceedings  is  shown  by  the 
next  order  on  Sept.  10th,  which  recites  the  reference^to 
the  Sussex  Committee,  "  and  ye  said  M'".^  Ballow  this  day 
complayned  that  she  hath  beene  already  at  great  expences 
in  attending  the  said  cause,  and  in  case  the  said  cause  be 
heard  in  the  said  county  she  is  not  able  to  defray  the 
charges  of  Travell  w*^  her  witnesses  :"  the  Committee 
accordingly  appointed  to  hear  the  case  in  London  on 
Sept.  30th,  peremptorily. 

On  Sept.  14th  another  order  recites  a  petition  by  Mr. 
Saxby,  and  the  last  order  "  and  that  it  is  alledged  by 
seuall  of  the  Members  of  Parliamt  for  the  sd  county  that 
the  sd  order  was  obtained  in  the  absence  of  the  sd  Mr. 
Saxby  "  and  that  he  complained  that  he  could  not  afford 
to  come  to  London  ;  the  Committee  then  ordered  the 
Sussex  Committee  to  examine  Mr.  Saxby's  witnesses, 
and  Mrs.  Ballow' s  witnesses  to  be  examined  in  London 
(p.  157). 

Saxby  (Mr.  Ballow's  saccessor),  seems  to  have 
been  very  reluctant  to  pay  the  fifth.  The  cause 
was  transmitted  agaiu  to  London  by  the  Sussex  Com- 
mittee, and  on  Sept.  30th,  1C45,  came  before  "  The  Com- 
mittee of  Plundred Ministers"  ("the  parties  on  both  sides 
and  their  CounselP^  being  present)  notwithstanding  wch" 
the  Committee  confirmed  their  previous  Order,  — 
required  "  Mf  Saxby  to  whom  the  same  is  sequestered  to 

**  It  Beems  from  this  and   also  from      the  clergy  were  occasioually  allowed  the 
certain  passages  in  Walker's  MSS.  that      benefit  of  legal  assistance. 


132  COMMITTEE    OF   PLUNDERED    MINISTERS. 

pay  the  sd  6*^  parte,"  and  requested  the  Committee  for 
the  County  to  set  out  and  apportion  the  same  (p.  178), 
which  the  latter  accordingly  did,  and  by  an  Order  dated 
13th  Novr.,  allotted  Mrs.  Ballow  £8  a  year.  This  Order 
was  confirmed  by  the  London  Committee  on  Dec.  13th 
(p.  226). 

In  the  list  of  Vicars  of  Sitttoii  and  Seaford,  Burrell  gives — 
"  Thomas  Ballowe  A.M.  inducted  2  Feb  1638.  It  does  not  appear  ■ 
when  he  left  it."^^     i^Lis  is,  of  course,  now  explained  by  the  notes  > 
above.     Burrell  also  mentions,  "  John  Saxby  A.M.  was  vicar  7  - 
June  1649  of  whose  death   or  resignation   there   is  no  account." 
It   appears,   however,  that    a  John    Saxby  was   inducted   to  the 
vicarage    of  Blatchirgton    on    12th   Feb.,   1661,  &  was  buried 
there  on  16th  Feb.,  1664,  and  in  a  previous  list  of  Vicars  of  Sea 
ford   and  Sutton,   John  Saxby  is  mentioned  in  1664,  so  that  it  is  , 
probable  the  same  person  is  referred  to  in  each  case,  and  if  so,  he  , 
must  have  conformed  and  been  rewarded  with  a  second  living.        ^ 

The  Par.  Reg.  of  Sutton  and  Seaford  gives  the  following  " 
particulars  : — "  Baptisms.  Martha  d.  of  Tho?  Ballow  Vicar  &  > 
Martha  Nov.  19.  1641  :  Charles  s.  of  Tho?  Ballow,  Vicar  Jan  ' 
6.  1643  :  Eliz.  d.  Jn  Saxby  Clk  May  1.  1652."54  The  Par.  Beg.  } 
of  Blatchington  records — "  Burial.  Thomas  s.  of  Mr  Ballowe 
Vic^  of  Seaford  Dec  5.  1646.^^ 


Tarring. 

The  Committee  of  Parliament  for  Sussex  were,  by  a 
resolution  dated  Feb.  4th,  1641,  "desired  to  communi- 
cate the  proceedings  in  the  case  of  W"  Stanley  Vicar  of 
Tarring  and  his  sequestration  "  (16669,  p.  7).  On  April 
26th,  1645,  the  case  was  fixed  for  May  8th.  "  M":  Cooke 
the  psenr  (qu.)  to  have  notice  "  (p.  61).  On  May  27th,  "  It 
is  ordered  that  the  Comittee  of  Parliamt  sittinge  in 
Bramlytaye  in  the  county  of  Sussex  be  &  they  are 
hereby  desired  to  certifie  unto  this  Comittee  by  this  day 
three  weekes  the  dessns  (qu.)  of  M^  Stanley  Vicar  of 
Tarringe  in  the  s'^  County  &  ye  proofes  thereof  to  the 
articles  &  exaicons  agt  him  wch  are  alreadie  transmitted 
till  when  all  thinge  are  to   stand  in  the  same  condicon" 

"  A  note  in  vii.  S.A.C.,  117,  refers  to       the  information  now  given  lie muet have 
a  ''Mr.  Terry  soon  after  1638;  -nhether       been  curate, 
curate  or  vicar  does  not  appear."    From  '^  Add.  MSS.,  5697,  p.  591, 

"  lb.,  5C97,  p.  340. 


COMMITTEE    OF   PLUNDEEED    MINISTEES.  133 

(p.  81).  A  blank  occurs  in  the  minute  book  on  June 
24th  (p.  95),  and  we  are  consequently  unable  to  tell 
whether  any  resolution  was  then  passed,  though  no  doubt 
he  was  then  or  soon  after  sequestered,  but  about  a  year 
elapsed,  and  Mr.  Stanley  was  then  fortunate  enough  to 
get  restored,  as  the  following  resolution  on  July  4th, 
1646,  shows  : — "  This  Co^®^  taking  into  consideracon  the 
peticon  of  W™  Stanley  Vicar  of  Tarring  in  the  Countie 
of  Sussex  together  with  the  Ordr  of  the  Co^^"  of  Lords 
&  Comons  for  sequestracons  &  the  former  proceedings 
before  the  Comittee  for  that  he  is  discharged  by  the  said 
Q^tee  ^f  Lords  &  Comons  from  his  sequestracon  &  the 
said  Vicarage  being  formerlie  voted  to  be  sequestered  by 
the  Co**"®  upon  certaine  examinacons  transmitted  from  the 
Comittee  of  the  Rape  of  Bramber  in  the  said  Countie 
but  there  hath  been  hitherto  noe  exaicon  of  the  said  se- 
questracon the  said  M""  Stanley  having  made  noe  defence 
who  standeth  upon  his  justificacon  therom.  It  is  there- 
fore ordered  that  the  said  sequestracon  be  discharged  & 
that  the  said  M^  Stanly  doe  enioy  his  Church  &  Vicarage 
aforesaid  &  the  proffitts  thereof  accordingly."  {Add. 
MSS.,  15670,  p.  142.) 

Sir  Wm.  BurrelF^  gives  in  the  list  of  Vicars  of  Tarring,  Wv^ 
Stanley  inducted  11  Apr  ]538"  (evidently  a  clerical  error  for 
1638).  An  action  seems  to  have  been  commenced  in  1650  in  the 
Excheqiaer,  in  ^^'hich  "  William  Stanley,  clerk,  vicar  of  Tarring," 
was  Plaintiff,  and  "  Robt  Weston,  Rich?  Fielder,  Matthew  Peter 
and  John  Easton"  defendants  ;  the  subject  being  "the  vicarage 
of  Tarring  and  the  Chapels  of  Ease  of  Durrington  and  Heene 
and  Tithes. "^^  It  is  possible  that  Mr.  Stanley  was  ultimately 
removed  or  else  died,  as  we  find  Wm.  Pixe  ejected  from  West 
Tarring,  in  1662,  for  Nonconformity.^^ 

Westeourne. 

An  Order  of  the  Committee  on  April  24th,  1645, 
sequestered  the  rectory  from  Dr.  Swale,  and  sequestered 
it  to  the  use  of  Lewes  Hughes,  and  referred  the  latter  to 
the  Assembly  of  Divines  for  examination  (15669,  p.  71). 

»«  Add.  MSS.,  5698,  p.  515.  ^^  Nonconformist  Memorial.   Calamy, 

"  "  40th  Report   Deputy    Keeper  of       Vol.  iii. 
Public  Records,"  App.  p.  16. 


134  COMMITTEE    OF   PLITNDEEED   MINISTEES. 

The  order  on  March   loth   164|   (see  HurvSTPiERPOiNT 
a7ite),  no  doubt  removed  Dr.  Swale  from  this  hving  also, 
for  an  Order  of  the  Committee  on  June  24th  recites  the 
sequestration    on   March    13th:    "and   this    Committee 
have  commended  Mf  Lewes  Hughes   to  the  Coittee  of  the 
Assembly    of  Divines    for    examinacon    of  Ministers    to  j 
examine  his  fitnes  to  haue  the  sd  sequestracon  who  have  i 
certified  him  to  be  an  able   divine  &  able   (though  aged 
80  years)  to  doe  some  pfitable  service  in  laying  down  the  | 
catechisticall  groundes  of  religion  &  willing  to  take  paines  ■ 
&  because   hee  hath  beene  long  a  very  usefull  minister  of 
the  Church  &   hath  suffered  much  for  conscience   sake 
conceiue  hee  may  be  put  in  a  capacity  of  maintenance  by , 
the  sd  sequestracon  there  beinge  a  vicarage  endowed  the  | 
vicar  whereof  dischargeth  soly  the  sd  cure,''  then  followsj 
an  order  for  Lewis  Hughes  to  have  the  parsonage  house,! 
tithes,  &c.,   until  further  order  (p.  103).     On  July  24th' 
the  Committee,  on  consideration  of  a  petition  from  Dr.! 
Swale,  ordered  the  Sussex   Committee  to  examine   the' 
title  by  which  the  Dr.  held  the   Eectory  of  Westbourne 
(p.  117),  and  on  Aug.  2nd  Dr.   Swale  attended  the  Com- 
mittee by  his  counsel  to  discover  the  title,  and  was  ordered 
to  get  a  certificate  from  the  First  Fruits  Ofiice  "  concern-i 
ing  the  nature  &  quallitie  of  the  said  Rectory  "  by  thatj; 
day  sevennight    (p.  128).     On  Aug.  6th  the  Committee 
ordered  as  follows  : — "  This   Comittee   have   taken   into 
consideracon  the  petition   of  Doctor  Swale  from  whome 
the  Rectorie  of  Westbourne  in  the  countie  of  Sussex  is 
sequestered  to  be  againe  restored  to  his  sd  Rectorie  in 
regard  of  his  greate  age  for  his   subsistence  &  supplie  of 
his   infirmities  the  same  being  a  Rectory   wthout  cure 
Therefore  &  for  that  this  Comitee  is  informed  that  he  hath 
been  of  greate  desert  &  eminence  in  the  Church  of  God 

&  that  there  is  likewise  a  Vicarage  endowed  the 

Vicar  whereof  doth  supplie  the  sd  cure  It  is  ordered  that 
the  said  Rectorie  of  West  Bourne  being  sine  curse  shalbe 
contynued  to  the  sd  D!"  Swale  for  his  maintennce  &  that 
the  former  order  of  sequestiacon  soe  iurr  as  the  same 
concerneth  the  said  Rectory  &  the  pfitts  thereof  be  taken 
of  &  discharged  "  (p.  130).     On  Aug.  23rd  the  Committee 


COMMITTEE    OP    PLUNDERED    MINISTERS.  135 

considered  a  petition  from  Lewis  Hughes  complaining 
that  the  sequestration  was  discharged  without  his  beino- 
beard,  and  appointed  to  hear  the  parties  on  both  sides  on 
Sept.  17th  (p.  144).  On  Sept.  6th  thej  ordered  "  That 
the  ffarmour  of  the  Rectory  keep  all  profits,"  &c.,  in  his 
hands  until  the  cause  was  determined  (p.  159).  The 
death  of  Dr.  Swale,  however,  next  day  (Sept.  7th), 
1645),  ended  this  matter,  for  on  Sept.  18th  the  Committee 
ordered  that  Dr.  Swale's  Executor  "  should  have  the 
[tithes  up  to  the  death  of  the  Doctor "  and  the  Sussex 
jCommittee  were  directed  to  enquire  the  amount  "  and  in 
iregard  the  sd  liveing  is  in  the  guift  of  the  Lord  Lumley 
iwho  hath  betaken  himself  to  the  forces  raised  agt  the 
Parliamt,"  they  ordered  that  Mr.  Hughes  should  enjoy 
the  rectory  from  the  death  of  the  Doctor,  and  that  the 
same  should  stand  sequestered  to  him  (p.  168). 

On  Dec.  11th,  1645,  "  Upon  compl*  made  by  W.  Hughes 
to  whom  y®  Rectory  of  West  Bourne  in  y?  County  of 
Sussex  is  sequestered  y*  y®  s*!  parsonage  house  w*^  y° 
appurtunce  are  greatly  decayed  &  suffered  to  fall  to 
mines  by  Dl"  Swale  y^  former  Incumbent  of  y^  s!^  Rectory 
It  is  ordered  y*  y®  Com**"®  of  Parliam*  sitting  at  Chichester 
bee  desired  to  examine  what  wast  or  spoyle  is  made  in  or 
vpon  ye  pmisses  &  y®  value  thereof  &  to  certify  y®  same 
to  this  Com*?^"  (p.  237).  This  would  have  been  after 
Dr.  Swale's  death.  (See  notes,  &c.,  under  Hurstpier- 
POiNT  ante.)  The  next  order  is  on  March  7th,  164f.  "  It 
is  ordered  y*  John  Chatfield  farmer  of  y®  Rector  of  West 
Bourne  in  y?  county  of  Sussex  doe  make  his  apparance 
before  this  Comitee  on  ye  xx*^  day  of  Aprill  next  to  shew 
cause  wherefore  hee  doth  not  pay  vnto  M"  Swale  Ex*?""  of 
Ty  Swale  late  Rector  of  West  Bourne  aforesd  seuerall 
pfitts^^  of  y?  s?  Rectory  due  before  y^  death  of  y®  sayd  D' 
according  to  y^  former  order  of  this  Comittee  in  y* 
behalfe"  (15,670,  p.  32).  The  case  was  not  heard  then, 
for  on  May  9th,  1646,  it  was  "ordered  that  the  cause 
betweene  Mf  Swale  Executor  of  D''  Swale,  from  whom 
the  Rectorie  of  West  Bourne   in   the   countie  of  Sussex 

59  The  Committee  evidently  had  (or  at  least  assumed)  all  the  powers  of  a 
Common  Law  Court  in  these  matters. 


136  COMMITTEE   OP   PLUNDERED   MINISTERS. 

was  sequestered,  being  his  late  father,  &  Jolin  Chatfield 
fEarmour  of  the  said  i^ectorie,  be  taken  into  consideracon 
xxi^^  day  of  July  next  whereof  the  said  John  Chatfield  is 
to  have  convenient  notice  "  (p.  86).  The  case  was  no 
doubt  virtually  a  dispute  between  the  past  and  present 
possessors  of  the  Rectory,  for  on  July  30th  "It  is 
ordered  that  the  cause  betweene  Mr  Swale  &  Mr  Hughes 
concerning  the  profitts  of  the  Rectorie  of  Westbourne  in 
the  countie  of  Sussex  be  heard  on  Tuesday  next  prmp- 
torilie"  (p.  164).  Nothing  further  occurs  in  the  minute 
book,  and  probably  the  proceedings  fell  through. 

The  statement  in  a  previous  volume,60  that  Thomas  Prynne  was 
the  immediate  successor  of  Dr.  Swale,  and  also  the  notes  in  the 
Baker  MSS.,  quoted  in  the  same  volume,  appear  from  the  above 
to  be  incorrect. 

60  XXII.  S.A.C.,  104. 


Peitlesham. 


IxADMELD. 


An  STY, 


SUOVELSTKUUE     IMl'AL  INOi 

Daw  THE  Y. 


Wll.YE. 


EARLY  SUSSEX  ARMORY. 


By    WILLIAM    SMITH    ELLIS,    Esq. 


I  PROPOSE  in  this  paper,  to  bring  together,  from  a  great 
many  scattered  sources,  the  armorial  bearings  of  some 
Sussex  Families,  not  noticed  in  Mr.  Lower's^  or  my  own^ 
former  contributions  on  this  subject  in  these  "  Collec- 
tions," who  lived  at  early  periods,  many  of  them  knightly, 
some  now  obscure,  and  others  extinct,  at  least  in  the 
chief  line.  I  don't  include  well-known  families  whether 
existing  or  extinct,  as  Ashburnham  and  Groring,  Covert 
and  Culpepper. 

The  earliest  collection  of  Sussex  arms  that  we  have  is 
the  list  of  Sussex  and  Surrey  Knights,  given  in  Pal- 
grave's  Parliameiitary  Writs,  a  ponderous  folio — a  list 
extending  to  all  the  counties  of  England,  and  supposed 
to  comprise  the  Knights  who  were  at  the  battle  of 
Boroughbridge,  temp.  Edward  the  Second.  This  list  has 
been  printed  separately  by  Sir  Harris  Nicholas,  and  has 
been  reprinted,  so  far  as  regards  Sussex  and  Surrey,  in 
Dallaway's  "History  of  the  Rape  of  Ciiichester;  "  but, 
as  both  these  works  are  extremely  rare,  a  reproduction 
of  the  list,  as  far  as  regards  Sussex  and  Surrey  (which 
counties  are  there  given  together),  will  be  an  appro- 
priate commencement  of  this  article  : — 

Sir  Michael  de  Poninges.^  Barry  de  or  et  de  vert,  a  une  beiide 
goules. 

Sir  Thomas  de  Poninge.  Mesme  les  armes  en  la  bende  iiij  moles 
[mullets]  de  argent, 

1  XXIV.,  S.  A.  C,  p.  1.  '  See  viii.,  S.A.C.,  268.      lb.  vi.,  72. 

'  ib.  p.25,  VI.,  S.  A.  C,  p.7l. 
XXX.  T 


188  EAELY    SUSSEX    AKMOBY. 

Sir  Nicholas  Gentil.  De  or  od  Ic  clief  de  sable  a  ij  moles  [mullets] 
d'urgent,  piercees. 

Sir  John  de  Asohebornham.^  De  Gonles  a  line  fesse,  et  6  rowels  de 
argent. 

Sir  William  de  Montfort.  Bende  de  or  et  de  azure  a  une  labele 
de  goules. 

Sir  Henry  Husee.     De  ermyne  a  iij  barres  de  goules. 

Sir  Geoffry  de  la  Mare.     De  or  a  nne  fesse  et  ij  gymeles  de  azure. 

Sir  James  de  Neyville.     De  goules  crusule  de  or  a  ij  trompes  de  or. 

Sir  John  de  Hoorne.     De  gules  a  une  frette  de  veer. 

Sir  John  Dowuedale.^     De  argent  a  un  fer  de  moulin  gonles. 

Sir  Thomas  de  Leukenore.     De  azure  a  iij  clievronels  d'argent. 

Sir  Richard  le  Waleys.     De  gonlos  a  une  fcss  d'  ermine. 

Sir  Simon  le  Waleys.  Meisme  les  amies,  en  la  chef  un  leopard 
passant  de  or. 

Sir  Walter  de  la  Lind.     De  argent  a  une  crois  engrele  de  goules. 

Sir  John  Heringaud.     De  azure  crusule  de  or  a  vj  lieringes  de  or. 

Sir  William  Mansee.  De  argent  a  les  escallops  de  goules  a  unlioii 
rampaunt  de  sable. 

Sir  Roger  de  Bavent.     De  argent  od  le  chef  endente  de  sable. 

Sir  Rauf  Sanzaver.     De  azure  crusille  de  or  a  iij  cressauns  d'  or. 

Sir  Giles  de  Fenez.  De  azure  a  iij  lioncels  de  or  et  un  label  de 
goules. 

Sir  John  Dabernoun.     De  azure  a  un  cheveron  de  or. 

Sir  John  Son  fils.     Mesme  les  amies  a  un  label  de  argent. 

Sir  Henry  de  Box.^  De  or  a  vj  lioncels  de  goules  et  une  bende  de 
argent. 

Sir  John  de  Hamme.  De  azure  a  un  cheveron  de  or  et  iij  demy-lions 
de  or. 

Sir  John  de  Ne  wen  ham.''  De  argent  a  une  crois  de  goules  et  une 
bende  de  azure. 

Sir  Aleyn  de  Boxhull.^       De  or  a  une  lion  de  azure  fretty  de  argent. 

Sir  Fraunceys  de  Aldham.     De  azure  a  une  ray  de  soleil  de  or. 

An  STY  of  Ansty,  a  manor  in  Cuckfield.  Or  a  cross 
engrailed  gules,  between  4  martlets  sable,  crest,  a  martlet 

*  Sir  Richard  de  Esburnham,  Knt.,  '  Hampshire  Gen.,'  76.  (Marshall's 
was  witness  before  1218  to  a  deed  along  Genealogists'  Guide.) 
with  Herbert  de  Bergesse  (Burwash).  ^  This  family  took  its  name  from 
Arch.  Cantiana,  vii.,  275.  In  the  Der-  Boxe,  co.  Herts.,  and  went  into  Kent 
ing  Roll  of  arms  gules,  a  fess,  avd  in  and  Sussex.  See  an  account  of  them 
chief  3    midlets    arg.   are    assigned    to  in  Geneulogist,  i.,  97. 

Richard  de  Esbomham.    See  vi.,  S.A.C.,  '  See  Thorpe's  '  Cat.  of  Battle  Abbey 

85.  Deeds,'  p.  4(; ; '  Deed  of  N.,'  1252.  Ralph 

*  Pedigrees  of  Uvedale  are  to  be  de  N.,  of  Bnxted,  occurs  in  the  iV^owarwrn 
found    in   '  Collectanea  Top.  and  Gen.,'  Inquisiiiones,  temp.  Edw.  III. 

v.,   253  ;     '  Surrey   Arch.   Coll.,'  iii.,  63-  »  See  particulars    of    this    family,  iu 

192;  Hutchins'  'Dorset,'  iii.,  144;  Lower's  Worthies  of  Sussex.  They  de- 
Hoare's  '  Wiltshire,'  iv.  ii.,  60 ;  M.  and  rived  their  name  from  Buxhall  in  Suffolk, 
Bray's  'Surrey,'  ii.,  400;  Harrisons  which  was  owned  by  the  family  of  Bur- 
'  Hist,  of  Yorkshire,'  i.,  220,  and  Berry's       ghersh  ;  hence  the  lion   in  their  arms, 

cf.  XXIV.  S.  A.  C,  29. 


EAELY   SUSSEX   ARMORY.  139 

or  (Burr.  MSS.,  5690,  p.  745).  The  pedigree  of  Bysshe 
in  Berry's  Sussex  Genealogies  contains  a  quartering, 
Sable  a  f ess  or,  for  Anstie. 

Bkche.  a  family  of  this  name  occurs  frequently  in 
the  Catalogue  of  Battle  Abbey  Charters,  probably^  de- 
rived from  the  Beche  mentioned  in  Domesday  Book,  in 
the  Rape  of  Hastings.  There  is  no  reason  to  suppose  it 
is  the  same  as  the  N^orman  Domesday  family  of  Bee  or 
Beke,  holding  lands  in  Herts  and  Line.  A  coat  attributed 
to  the  name  in  the  Dictionaries  is  Three  Shovellers, 
which  makes  it  probable  that  the  Sussex  family  is  in- 
tended, as  Peplesham  bore,  as  we  shall  see  presently, 
the  same  bearings,  and  the  two  names  are  often  associated 
in  deeds. 

BoNET.  Hamou  Bonet  bore  chequy  or  and  gales  [or 
arg.  and  gules],  a  chief  azure  (Dering  Roll).  In  the 
Testa  de  NeviU,  Sir  Robert  Bonet,  Knight,  is  recorded 
as  owner  of  Wappingthorn  in  Steyning.  Bonwicke  also 
bore  the  same  or  similar  arms.  (See  Cartwright's  Rape 
of  Br  amber.)  Robert  Bonet  of  Steyning  is  witness  to  a 
deed  dated  1220  (S.  A.  C,  x.,  115). 

Hastings.  In  the  Archeological  Journal  (Vol.  20,  pp. 
12,  121,  236),  is  an  elaborate  article,  in  three  parts,  by 
Mr.  Clarke,  on  the  origin  and  genealogy  of  this  family. 
At  the  head  of  the  pedigree  he  places  '  Walter  the 
Deacon  '  a  Domesday  tenant  in  chief  in  Essex,  Glouc. 
and  Suffolk,  from  whom  he  deduces  the  ennobled  families 
of  Hastings.  '  Robert  de  Hastings,'  Mr.  Clarke  says, 
'  the  Domesday  tenant  of  Sussex,  seems  to  have  been  a 
follower  of  the  Earl  of  Eu,  and  to  have  held  under  the 
Castle  of  Hastings,  but  the  Deacon  and  his  children  had 
nothing  to  do  with  Sussex,  but  may  well  have  been 
related.  '  The  Sussex  line,'  he  further  remarks,  'flourished 
as  landowners  in  Kent,  Sussex  and  Essex,  and  seems  to 
have  ended  in  a  Thomas  de  H.,  who,  31  Edw.  III.,  was 
assessed  in  the  rape  of  Hastings  at   one  man   at  arms. 

In   very   many  instances  the  name  was  a  mere 

residential  distinction,  not  adopted  or  transmissible  as  a 
legular  surname,  and  Vincent,  Philip,  Alan  andManasser 
de  Hastings,  who  appear  in  vaiious  early  Sussex  records, 


140  EAELY   SUSSEX    AEMORY. 

were  evidently  only  burgesses  or  barons  of  the  Oinqne 
Ports,  having  no  connection  with  either  the  baronial 
house  or  that  of  Robert  of  Sussex,  nor  transmitting 
their  designation  to  posterity.' 

To  these  latter  opinions  I  certainly  demur,  and  shall  at 
once  give  notices  of  a  knightly  family  of  the  name,  with 
coats  of  arms  existing  at  early  periods  in  Sussex,  and 
prima  facie  descendants  of  Robert,  the  Domesday  tenant. 

The  only  entries  of  the  name  in  Domesday  Book  are 
these : — 

U.  T.  Hastings  Kad.  de  Essex,  83b. 
U.  T.    Robert  de  Sussex,  17. 

In  the  printed  Pipe  Roll  of  11 55-8  occurs  this  notice : — 

Sussex,     Robert  son  of  Harald  de  Hastings  debet  xx  li.  de  debito 
suo,  Simon  de  Crioll  being  his  surety. 

The  next  earliest  entry  met  with  is  in  Archceologia 
Cantiana  (iv.,  213),  when  Manasser  de  Hastings  is 
mentioned  as  witness  to  a  deed  circa  1180. 

The  following  notices  are  met  with  in  Thorpe's  Cata- 
logue of  Battle  Abbey  Charters : — 

P.  20.  Wm.  de  Hastings,  knt.,  lord  of  Nortliye.^ 

Feoffment  of  Wm.  s.  &  h.  of  Sir  Mathew  de  H. 

Robert  de  Hastings.     Deed  of  Confirmation,  etc. 

P.  21.  Robert  de  Hastings,  knt. 

P.  28.  Deed  of  Wm.  de  Korthey,  knt. 

Deed  of  Stephen  de  Northya. 

P.  41.  Robert  de  Hastings  witness  to  deed  of  Nicholas  de  Haringod 

and  Sibilla  his  wife. 
P.  42.  Master  Win.  de  Hastings  witn.  to  deed  of  same. 
P.  43.  Robert  de  Hastings  witness  to  Charter  of  Alice  Countess  of 
Eu  (whose  husband  ob.  1218). 

Robert  de  Hastings  knt.  s.  &  h.  of  Wm.  de  Hastings.    Deed 

of  Release. 
P.  44.  A.D.  1239.     Sir  Robert  de  Hastings  witness. 
P.  45.  Deed   of  Covenant  with  James   son  of    Wm.   lord    of    the 

manor  of  Northoy. 
P.  46.  1248.     Wm.  de   Nortliey    in    a    Fine,  wherein    James    his 

father  is  mentioned. 
P.  48.   1271.      Sir  Mathew  de  Hastings^*^  witness. 
P.  49.  1277.     Wm.  de  Hastings  witness. 

»  In  XIX.  S.  A.  C.  is  an  article  on  the  "  Sir  M.  de  H.,   Knt.,  grant  of  lands 

manor  of  Northey.  and  ten.  to  Tho.  de  Wyke  of  VYatlyngton 


EARLY    SUSSEX    AEMOEY. 


141 


In  Philipot's  Church  Notes  for  Kent  (Harleian  MSS  , 
3917,  p.  66),  these  arms  are  said  to  have  been  in  Gilling- 
h am  church,  viz.,  arg.  a  f ess  between  S  fusils  azure  (Hast- 
ings) ;  also  a  figure  kneeling  in  tabard  with  the  same 
arms  quartering  the  coat,  quarterly  gules  and  ermine,  the 
remark  being  made,  in  reference  to  the  latter,  '  This  is 
the  oulde  coate  of  Hastings  lord  of  the  manor  of  Grange 
in  Gillingham,^^  whicli  after  was  Philipots.'  Further, 
the  arms  of  Beaufitz  quarter  the  fess  and  3  fusils  of 
Hastings.  In  the  Dering  Eoll  of  Arms,  printed  in 
Jewitt's  Beliquary  (Vol.  ]  7,  p.  11),  William  de  Northeye 
is  said  to  bear  quarterly  arg.  and  az.  This  nearly  re- 
sembles the  '  oulde  coate  '  before  mentioned,  and  was 
evidently  a  variation  in  tinctures  of  Northey  olim 
Hastings. 


Ore  of  Ore.     Hichard  de  Ore^^  bore  Barry  of  6  argent 
(or  or)  and  azure,  on  a  bend  gules  5  besants  ;  (ibid.)  Nicol 


in  Monntfield,  1298  (J.  C.  Hotten's  "  Cat. 
of  Deeds  for  Sale,"  No.  G943).  The 
grantee  was  ancestor  of  the  Wykes'  of 
ilountfield  and  Bexhill,  and  of  the 
Weekes'  of  Hurstpierpoint.  See  Xiv.  S. 
A.  C,  116,  and  Marshall's  Gene- 
aloffist,  i.,  192,  222,  ii.,  fc5. 

"  'Jemp.  John,  there  was  a  suit  oimort 
d'  ncestor  between  the  family  of  ilelles 
and  Manasser  de  Hastings  concerning 
a  carncate  of  land  near  Faversham. 
{Abbreviatio  Placitorum).  The  grange 
was  held  t.  Henry  III.  in  Serjeant  y  by 
Manasser   de    H.   ( Hasted,    iv.,    236), 


and  10  Hen.  III., there  was  a  Fine  levied 
between  Gilbert  de  Helles  and  Robert 
de  Hastings,  of  land  in  Gillingham. 
Erviine  3  lozenges  gules  was  one  of  the 
coats  of  HeUes.  In  Harl.  MSS., 
6580,  are  some  arms  of  Sussex  persons 
at  an  early  period  ;  in  ter  alia,  a  fess 
between  3  lozenges  is  given  as  the 
bearings  of  Wm.  de  Hastings  ;  arg.  a 
fess  between  3  lozenges  azure  (Dering 
Roll). 

1*  Sir  Richard  de  Ore,  Knt.,  was  wit- 
ness to  a  deed  of  Wm.  de  Northeye 
(XIV.  S.  A.  C,  26). 


142  EARLY    SUSSEX   ARMORY. 

de  Ore  bore  argent  a  cross  gules  frettee  or  (or  sahJe) 
betweefi  4  birds  sable  (or  azure).  Ibid,  xvi.,  240.  Another 
coat  of  Ore  is  gules  a  bend  argent  fretty  azure,  as 
quartered  by  Hawley  in  respect  of  a  match  of  Richard 
Hawley  of  Halland,  in  East  Hoathly  with  Anne  d.  &  h. 
of  John  Ore  of  Ore  (Berry). 

Paleene.  a  Deed  of  Grant  of  Henry  Palerne  to  the 
church  of  Holy  Trinity  at  Hastings,  for  his  soul,  and 
of  John  his  father;  and  is  sealed  with  a  lion  rampant, 
circumscribed,  "  Sig.  Heniici  de  Palerne."   (xiii.  S.  A.  C, 

107-8). 

Pepplesham  of  Pepplesham.  This  place  is  mid- 
way between  Bexhill  and  St.  Leonards.  It  appears  to 
have  been  called  in  Domesday  Book,  '  Pilesham,'  and 
was  then  held  by  the  Earl  of  Eu.  The  manor  lies  in 
Bexhill,  Battle,  Beckley  and  Burwash,  and  a  Court  was 
held  there  1776  (Burr.  MSS.)  Simon  de  Pepplesham 
was  owner  ;  afterwards  Sir  John  Devenish  Knt.  2  Hen. 
IV.  Richard  Hurst  was  owner  (Ibid.)  Numerous  entries 
of  the  name  occur  in  the  Catalogue  of  Battle  Abbey 
Charteis.  P.  42 is  a  notice  of  a  deed  of  Sir  Hugh  de  Pep- 
]3lesham,  Knt.  Amongst  the  tenants  of  the  Earls  of  Eu, 
Hugh  de  Peplesham  held  Crockham  (Crowham)  by  the 
service  of  finding  a  ship  for  the  use  of  the  Earl  and 
Countess  when  crossing  the  sea  (xvii.  S.  A.  C,  257). 
In  Berry's  Ordinary  of  Arms,  Sable,  a  chevron  ermine 
between  3  shovellers  (ducks)  arg.,  is  given  for  Peplesham, 
also  8a.  3  seaniews  arg.  for  Pep})lesham.  Vinceut  Finch, 
living  Hen.  IV.,  married  Isabel  d.  &  coh.  of  Robert  Cralle, 
by  Margery  d.  &  coh.  of  Simon  de  Peplesham  (Collins' 
Peerage).  Pinch  quarters,  m  respect  of  this  match, 
Sa.  3  ducks  arg,  m  pale  for  Peplesham  (Harl.  MSS., 
3917,  p.  31.  In  Nettlested  church,  co.  Kent,  Battesford 
{argeiit  3  crescents  sa.  a  canton  gules)  impales  sable  3 
ducks  arg.  in  pale  for  Peplesham;  and  in  Brenchley  church, 
Battesford  occurs  impaling  Pepplesham.  Sir  Wm. 
Pienes,  who  died  1405,  mar.  Eliz.,  d.  &  h.  of  Wm.  de 
Battesford  (ot  B.  in  Warbleton)  by  Margery  {sed  quaere) 
d.  &  coh.  of  Simon  de  Peplesham, 

According  to  an  elaborate  pedigree  of  the   family  of 


EARLY    SUSSEX    ARMORY.  143 

Finch,  drawn  up  by  Philipot,  Rouge  Dragon,  and  printed 
in  Howard's  Miscellanea  Genealogica  et  Heralch'ca,  ii.  332 
the  descent  of  Peplesham  is  as  follows  : — 

Simon  Peplesham^Joa\  Rowse,  of  Hants. 
J ,      _ 

Richard  Hurst-pJoan  d.  and  cob.         2.  Robt.  Cralle=f=Margery-[-l.Wm.  Batsford. 

I '  of  Cralle.       i  d.  &  coh.    I 

Kichard  Hurst  mar.  |        | 1 — ' 1 1 

Margery  de  St.  Clare.        | 1 1 '  Isabel  Joan  ux.  Alice  Cicely 

I 1       Margery!-'    Isabel  ux.       Margaret      ux.    Sir  Wm.      ux.     lady 

Margaret  ux.  ux.  Vincent      oix.  James     Sir       Brench-     Sir  Abbess 

John  Devenish.       Sir  Thomas   Herberd,  Northwood,    Tho.       ley,  a     Wm.     of 

Cheney,     alias  Finch.  of        Fienes.    judge.  Echin-  Mall- 

Norwood,  gham.i*  ing. 


■T 


Phillipa  ux.  I 

John  Tikell.  Joan  ux.  Wra.       Eliz.  vx.\.  Sir 

Rikell,  a  judge.  Tho.  Hoo.2.  Sir 
Tho.  Lewknor. 

Pevensey.  Richard  de  Pevenese  bore  aziu^e  a  chevron 
or  frettee  gules  between  3  crosses  recerceUe  (or  patonce,  or 
florj)  argent  (Dering  Poll  of  Arms,  Jewitt's  Reliquary^ 
xvii.,  11).  Richard  de  Pevensey  was  sheriff  of  Sussex 
18  and  15  Edw.  L 

Radmeld  of  Rodmill.  Barry  of  6,  arg.  and  sa.  on  a 
canton  sable,  a  leopard's  face  or,  as  quartered  by  Goring 
in  respect  of  the  match  of  John  Goring  (t.  Hen.  VI.), 
with  Margaret  d.  of  Ralph  Radmeld,  and  sister  and  heir 
of  Sir  William.  A  similar  coat  was  borne  by  Allard  of 
;Winchelsea,  viz.,  arg.  3  baj's  gules;  on  a  cariton  azure,  a 
leopard's  face  or. 

,  Radyngdene  of  Rottingdean.  Azure  6  martlets  argent, 
3,  2  &  1  (Burr.  MSS.  6695,  p.  613).  The  family  of 
Wardeux  of  Bodiam  bore  also  6  martlets.  Perhaps  the 
arms  of  the  County  of  Sussex  were  derived  from  one  of 
these  families. ^^ 

!'  XXV.  S.A.C.,  110,  says,  "  Elizabeth  de     Arundel,     the     ancestor    of     this 

vc.  Sir  RicJiard  Cheney."  family,  is  mentioned  in  Domesday  Book, 

'^  This    match    is  commemorated   in  but  I  am.   not   aware   that  he  had  any 

Echingham  chuich,  by   Echingham  im-  pi'operty     in    Sussex,    though,    as    his 

paling  quarterly  :   1  and  4,  3  crescents  parentage  is  unknown,  he   might   have 

'and  a  canton  for  Battisford  ;  2   and   3  been  a  member  of  the  family  of  Roger 

"  3  birds  like  geese  " — 3  ducks  for  Pep-  de    Montgomery,    Earl    of  Chichester, 

leeham  (ix.  S.A.C,  353).  and  have  taken  the  name    of  his   caput 

'^  See    xxiv.,    S.  A.  C,    p.    24.     The  haronia;,  and  assumed  allusive  bearings. 

arms  of  the  ancient  family  of  Arundel  In    this   way    the   arms    of  the    county 

are    G    hirondelles  or  swallows.     Roger  might  have  arisen. 


144 


EARLY    SQSSKX    ARMOllY. 


ScoTNEY.  Many  members  of  this  baronial  family  are 
mentioned  in  early  deeds,  in  Thorpes  Catalogue  of 
Battle  Abbey  Charters.  The  only  known  arms  of  it 
are  to  be  found  on  a  seal  of  a  deed  of  Peter  de 
S.,  son  of  Walter  de  S.,  being  on  a  bend  cottised  4 
hillets  with  a  hordure  invecked,  the  legend  being,  "  Sigil- 
lum  Petri  de  Scotene."  Walter  Fitz  Lambert  held 
Crowhurst  at  the  Domesday  Survey,  and  was  ancestor  of 
the  foregoing  persons.  Tiieir  residence  was  at  Scotney 
Castle,  in  Lamberhurst.  {Collectanea  Topographtca  et 
Genealogica,  vi.,  106). 


Shovelsteode  of  Shovelstrode,  in  East  Grinstead. 
Several  particulars  of  this  family  are  to  be  found 
in  the  General  Index  to  S.  A.  C.  Ermine  a  cross  fuzilly 
gules  is  given  as  the  arms  of  this  family  in  Harl.  MSS., 
1487.  It  occurs  as  a  quartering  in  the  shield  of  Aske, 
of  Haughton,  in  Howdenshire,  co.  York,  being  the  second 
coat,  followed  by  that  of  Dawtrey.  In  Harl.  MSS., 
1394,  are  given  the  coats  that  were  in  glass  windows  in 
Mr.  Aske's  house  at  Aughton,  viz.,  Shovelstrode  impaling 
Dawtrey,  and  Dawtrey  impaling  Camoys.  John  Aske, 
of  Owsthorpe,  in  Owdenshire,  who  died  1397,  mar. 
Johanna  d.  &  h.  of  John  Shovelstrode. 

Stopham  of  Stopham.  The  best  known  coat  of  this 
family  is  that  quartered  by  Barttelot  in  respect  of  the 
match  of  JohnB.  {qui.  oh.,  1428),  with  Joan  d.  &  coh.  of 
Wm.  de  Stopham,  of  Ford  Place  in  Stopham,  yiz.,  quarterly 


EARLY    SUSSEX   ARMORY. 


145 


per  f esse  indented  arg.  and  gules  4  crescents  counter  changed 
(xxvii.  S.A.  C,  55),  but  tlie  coat  of  Eva  de  Stopham, 
the  heiress  of  Sir  Ralph,  who  married  Wm.  de  Eching- 
ham,  was  simpler  and  older.  This  we  obtain  from  his 
seal,  figured  in  Spencer  Hall's  memoir,  "  Echjngham 
of  Echyngham,"  being  4  heater-shaped  shields  meeting 
in  a  point,  the  legend  being,  "  Sig.  Willielmi  de  Echiug- 
ham,  militis,"  and  the  arms  Echingham,  St.  John, 
Montacute  and  Stopham,  viz.,  3  crescents  and  a  canton. 
The  following  pedigree^*^  shows  the  descent  of  this  ancient 
coat : — 

Brian  de  Insula,  Sheriff  of^GRACiA,  d.  &  h.  of  Tho.  de  Saleby,  of  S., 


Torks.,  17  Hen.  III.,  Lord  of 
Brianston,  co.  Dorset,  oh.  18 
Hen.  III. 


CO.  Line,  held  5  k.  f.  of  Wm.  Blanchard" 
at  Cuxwold,  CO.  Line.  Her  seal  ("  Harl. 
MSS.,"  2044,  f .  138b.),  has  3  crescents  and 
a  canton  circumscribed  "  Sigillum  Gracie 
de  Lile." 


d.  &  coh.=j=Stopham   of  S. 


Sir  Ralph  had=p 
Brianstone.  j 


Sir  Ralph.  =p 

Eva  d.  &  h.  ux.  Wm.  de 
Echingham,  who  had  Brian 

ston  jure  ux. 


d.  &  coh.  =  Philip  de  Glamorgan. 
a  quo 
John  de  G.,  whose  d.  and  coh.  Anne  ux.  Peter 
de  Vere,  of  Vere's  Wooton.  Vere  Wooton 
is  now  owned  by  his  descendant,  Capt. 
Battiscombe  {v.  Hutchins'  Dorsetsh.). 
Walter  de  Vere,  grandnon  of  Peter,  13  H. 
VI.,  seals  with  3  crescents  and  a  canton 
"  Harl.  MSS.,"  1166,  fo.  12b. 


TlOEHURST. 

Agnes  d.  &  h. 


John  Lunsford  (living  47  Edw.  III.),  mar. 
of  Walter  de  Rockeley.^^    {Per  bend  in- 


1^  Furnished  by  my  friend,  Alfred 
Shelley  Ellis,  Esq,,  descended  from 
Battiscombe. 

"  The  Blanchards  of  Normandy  bore 
8  crescents. 
XXX. 


18  John  Parker,  of  Lewes,  mar.  Alice 
d.  &  h.  of  Bichard  Rakeley,  of  Ratton 
in  Willingdon  (Berry).  Neither  of  the 
two  quarteriugs  of  Parker  resembles 
this  coat  of  Eockley. 

W 


146  EARLY    SUSSEX   ARMORY. 

dented  arg.  and  sa.  in  sinister  point  a  mullet  of  the  first), 
by  Agnes,  sister  and  heir  of  John  de  Tjseherst. 
(Quarterly  sa.  and  arg.  a  hend  ermine.)  A  charter  of 
John  de  Tyseherst  mentions  his  father  Reginald  de  T., 
the  witnesses  being  Walter  Rackley  and  John  Rackley 
(ibid.,  p.  154).  P.  144  gives  a  charter  witnessed  by 
Domino  William  de  Wodeham  with  Sir  Simon  de 
Echynham.  Wm.,  father  of  John  Lunsford,  mar.  Joanna 
d.  &  h.  of  Walter  de  Woknollk.^^  {Gules  3  oak  leaves  in 
hend  or).     {Coll.  Top.  &  Gen.,  iv.,  139.) 

Yenuz.  An  account  of  this  family,  with  a  discussion 
of  the  arms  they  bore,  by  the  present  writer,  will  be  found 
in  Nichols'  Eerald  and  Genealogist,  v.  316.  Temp.  Hen. 
III.  Sir  Matthew  de  Venoyz  and  Sir  William  de  Venoyz 
were  witnesses  to  a  charter  of  Robert  s.  &  h.  of  Wm. 
de  St.  John  (Cart,  of  Boxgrove  Priory,  Cott.  MSS. 
Claud.  A.  vi.,  fol.  62). 

WiLYE  of  Whiligh.  A  stag  statant  gules  charged  with 
stars  arg.  horned  or  (Burr.  MSS.,  5691,  p.  822).  A  demi 
stag  salient  gules  attired  and  charged  with  3  estoiles  or,  is 
the  crest  of  Courthope  of  Wyleigh  (Berry's  fiuss.  Gen.) 

*^  Manor  of  Wood  Knoll  was  held  of  the  manor  of  Burwash,  See  xxi.  S.A.C.  115. 


SPEESHOTT'S  MExMOlRS  OF  CHICHESTER 
(18^^   CENTURY). 


With   Notes 
By  W.  HAINES,  Esq.,  and   Rev.  F.  H.  ARNOLD,  LL.B. 


(Continued  from  Vol.  XXIX). 


The  Friary — Chichester. 

FROM   A   DRAWING   BY   GRIMM. 


1724.     Mr.  Challen  died  1727. 

And  in  about  50  years  all  his  Estates  were  gon  from 
Lis  family  and  Decendants,  Except  two  or  three  fields 
near  Oving^. 

And  his   Eldest  Grandson,   who,   after  his  marriage, 


148  speeshott's  memoies  of  crichester  (18th  centuey). 


lived  in  the  same  House  at  Shop  week,  and  was  Possessed 
of  a  Considerable  part  of  liis  Grandfather's  Estate, 
became  absolutely  Impoverished. 

I  dont  say  this  because  I  love  to  cast  reflections  on  the 
Unfortunate,  but  to  show  the  vanity  of  Excess,  both  in 
the  Geting  and  useing  riches. 

1721.  The  wind  mill  in  Portfield  was  rebuilt.  And 
at  that  time  (and  till  some  years  after)  the  walls  of  St. 
James's  Chappel  were  standing,  shewing  the  form  of  its 
windows  and  dore,  &c.,  but  are  since  demollished.-^ 

1724.  The  Cross  Clock,  the  gift  of  Lady  Farington, 
was  set  up  upon  the  top  of  the  Center  Filler  of  the 
Cross,  in  a  Large  four  square  case  with  three  Dial  Plates, 
close  under  where  the  Bell  now  hang,  which  had  a  very 
heavy  awkward  apperance  and  Greatly  Disfigured  the 
Cross,  yet  stood  so  more  than  20  years.'*^ 

In  this  year  the  North  walls,  walk  and  rampart,  were 


1  The  Ancient  Leper  Hospital. — 
The  extent  to  which  the  dreadful 
disease  of  leprosy  prevailed  in  Eng- 
land during  the  period  of  the  Crusades 
has  been  little  noticed  by  historians. 
'J'wo  hospitals  for  lepers,  if  not  more, 
were  founded  in  Su«scx  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  II.,  both  dedicated  to  St.  James. 
Of  the  Leper  Hospital  of  St.  James 
juxta  Seaford,  an  account  is  given  in 
xir.  S.  A.  C.  An  illustration  in 
Eouse's  'Beauties  and  Antiquities' 
veil  represents  the  remains  of  St. 
James'  Leper  Hospital  near  Chichester, 
but  does  not  give  one  of  its  most  re- 
markable features,  the  deep  excavation 
at  its  side  next  Chichester,  into  which 
at  one  time  doubtless  the  Lavant  flowed, 
and  formed  a  "  leper's  pool,"  in  which 
the  afflicted  bathed.  The  inscription 
on  the  building  erroneously  ascribes  its 
foundation  to  the  reign  of  Henry  I. 
The  Franciscans  gave  their  especial 
attention  to  the  sufferers  from  this 
dreadful  malady,  which  seems  to  have 
been  most  rife  in  cities.  Hence  the 
origin  of  this  Hospital.  "  The  leprosy, 
fostered  by  bad  diet,  wretched  lod<:ing, 
and  squalid  clothing,  was  a  bitter 
scourge  of  the  town  population.  The 
disease  broke  out  in  the  thirteenth 
century  with  unusual  violence.     Loath- 


some and  infectious  in  the  highest 
degree,  it  spared  none.  It  appeared 
equally  without  warning  in  the  King's 
Court  or  Council  Chamber,  and  in  the 
dcgrailed  purlieus  of  the  city.  Once  a 
leper  always  a  leper.  The  medical 
skill  of  that  age  knew  no  cure.  Poli- 
tical economy  could  devise  no  precau- 
tion, none  except  the  most  necessarj , 
as  the  most  cruel,  the  dismemberment 
of  the  infected  limb." — Fref.  Monu- 
mevta  Francescana 

^  Various  entries  relative  to  the  Cross 
clock  and  bell,  &c.,  occur  in  the  "City 
Act  Book,"  e.g.  11  Feb.,  1723—"  Articles 
were  sealed  with  Lady  Farington  for 
the  setting  up  a  clock  and  other  works 
on  the  High  Cross,  and  forasmuch  as  a 
I'lell  for  the  said  Clock  is  not  by  the 
said  Articles  provided  for  it,  it  was  and 
is  agreed  and  ordered  that  a  fitting  bell  ■ 
be  provided  for  the  said  clock  out  of  the 
City  Eevenue,  and  Mr.  iMaior  is  desired 
to  take  care  of  the  same,  and  to  cause 
the  bell  at  the  Hospital  without  the 
North  Gate  (the  present  Workhouse)  to 
be  taken  downe  and  cast  therein  to 
lessen  the  expense  thereof." 

2  June,  1724.  "  Ordered  that  the 
King  s  Armes  and  City  Armes  be  ^ 
painted  on  the  Conduit." — C.  A.  B. 


spershott's  memoirs  of  CHICHESTER  (18th  centory).  149 

Leveled,  repaired,  and  Beautified,  by  Lord  Beauclerk, 
Then  chosen  Member  of  Parliament  for  this  City,  in  the 
Mayoralty  of  Greo.  Harris  :  a  stone  monument  of  which 
is  yet  standing  there. 

At  this  Election,  as  soon  as  the  Members  were  chosen, 
the  Mayor  refusing  the  Voters  signing  the  return,  the 
Mob  arose  and  brought  Pick  axes  and  other  Instruments 
Threattening  to  pull  down  the  Councel  House  about  their 
Ears,  and  brought  them  to  Comply,     this  I  saw. 

Also  an  Ox  roasted  whole  in  the  Street,  before  the 
East  side  of  the  Cross  upon  a  large  wooden  Spit. 
Turn'd  by  Men ;  and  Cut  off  the  Spit  as  it  was  ready, 
and  given  to  the  Populace  as  they  stood  ready  with 
Plaits  and  Dishes  to  receive  it.  And  Several  Hogseds  of 
Strong  Beer  in  the  Streets  running  and  distributing. 

The  row  of  Trees  at  the  East  walls  were  now  Planted, 
but  the  row  of  Large  Trees  at  the  North  walls  I  appre- 
hend were  Planted  about  the  time  that  the  Prince  and 
Princess  of  Orange  came  to  the  Enghsh  Throne. 

1725.  I  think  it  was  in  this  year  or  near  it,  a  new 
Chamber  Organ  was  added  to  the  Choir  of  the  Cathedral, 
The  Tubes  of  which  were  at  first  Bright  like  Silver,  but 
are  now  like  old  Tarnished  Brass.^ 

Malting*  and  Needlemaking,  it  was  formerly  Said,  was 
the  Chief  Trades  of  this  City.      And  at  this  time  there 

»  "  1725.  The  Deanery  house  re-  year  1770,  both  in  the  plan  and  manner 
built  by  Dean  Sherlock  (afterwards  the  of  building  they  had  the  mark  and 
celebrated  Bishop  of  London),  accord-  characteristic  of  that  age :  and  the 
ing  to  report,  at  an  expense  of  £4,000.  timbers,  generally  oak,  bore  witness  to 
The  ancient  Deanery  honse  extended  to  their  antiquity.  At  what  time  this 
"  the  city  wall,  and  was  partly  built  manufacture  began  to  be  exported  to 
upon  it."  1727.  The  Episcopal  house  Ireland  I  do  not  find,  not  before  the 
partly  rebuilt  by  Bishop  Waddington.  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth  it  is  probable, 
Several  vestiges  of  Roman  tesserae  and  perhaps  not  till  the  reign  of  James, 
coins  were  dug  up.  a  room  30ft.  square  However  that  be,  it  was  a  very  valuable 
was  found,  and  so  much  of  the  pave-  article  of  trade  to  Chichester,  enrich- 
ment remained  perfect  that  a  drawing  ing  many  individuals  and  benefitting 
was  made  of  it."— Jaques  MS.  the  city  in  general.       So  lately  as  forty 

*  Hay  says  :— "  About   the  beginning  or  fifty  years  ago,  there  were  several  of 

of  the  fifteenth  century  the  Chichester  these  malting  houses   in  the  town  more 

malt  began  to  be  in  repute  throughout  than  there   are   now  (1801),  the  manu- 

the  greatest  part  of  Sussex,  and  part  of  facture  was  then   on  the   decline,  as  it 

Hampshire  and   Surrey.      This  appears  had  been  for  some  time."'— ffa</  S  Uist. 

from    several    of  the   malting    houses,  of  Chichester,  p.  330. 
which  were  standing  here  so  late  as  the 


150  spershott's  memoies  of  chichestee  (18th  century). 

were  32  Malthouses  in  working  but  now  not  half  that 
number. 

I  remember,  there  were  also  many  Master  Needle 
Makers  who  kept  Journey  Men  and  Apprentices  at  work 
but  now  are  reduced  to  one. 

Now  about  was  brought  to  Goodwood  the  Great 
Novelty  of  many  wild  Beast,  Birds,  and  other  Animals, 
and  there  kept  in  Dens,  with  Iron  Grates  made  for  them 
to  be  seen  through,  which  draw'd  a  great  number  of 
People  Thither  to  see  them,  a  Lion,  Tiger,  man  Tiger, 
Bears,  Egle's,  Ostrich  &c  &c  &c. 

Jn°  Page  Esq^  native  of  this  City,  coming  from 
London  to  Stand  Candidate  Here,  a  great  number  of 
voters  went  on  Horsback  to  meet  him.  Among  the  rest 
M^  Joshua  Lover  a  noted  School  Master,  a  sober  man  in 
the  General,  but  of  flighty  Passions. 

As  he  was  Seting  out,  one  of  his  Scollers,  Patty  Smith 
(afterwards  my  Spouse)  asked  him  for  a  Coppy,  and  in 
haste  he  wrote  the  followiug. 

Extreames  beget  Extreames,  Extreames  avoid, 
Extreames,  without  Extreames,  are  not  Enjoyed. 

He  set  off  in  High  Carrier,  and  coming  down  Rooks's 
Hill  before  the  Sq^  rideing  like  a  mad  man  To  and  fro, 
forward  and  backward  Hallooing  among  the  Company, 
The  Horse  at  full  Speed  fell  with  him  and  kill'd  him. 
A  Caution  to  the  flighty  and  unsteady:  and  a  verification 
of  his  Coppy. 

1731.  The  old  Market  House  taken  down  and  the 
New  one  Built. 

The  weather  Cock  taken  down  from  the  Spire,  not 
Traversing.  The  foot  walk  first  made,  paved,  and 
fenced  with  Posts  &  rails,  by  the  wall  of  the  Priory, 
from  M^  Pages  Dore,  near  the  East  Gate,  to  the  End  of 
Baffins  Lane. 

Two  new  Bells  were,  now  about,  added  to  the  former 
Six  in  the  Tower.  I  saw  them  on  the  Ground  by  the 
West  Gate  of  the  Church  Yard  when  they  were  first 
brought. 


spershott's  memoirs  op  CHICHESTER  (I8tu  century).  151 

Rob*  Madlock,  a  most  Propbane  Swarer,  being  Em- 
ploj'd  in  Cleaning  the  outside  of  the  Steeple,  as  he  hung 
hj  a  rope  in  his  Cradle  from  the  wall  on  the  West  Side, 
the  rope  broke,  and  he  fell  upon  the  roof  of  the  Church 
and  from  thence  to  the  Parapet  wall,  where  he  lie  some 
time  Crying  and  Eoreing  most  Grievously,  which  I  heard, 
and  also  saw  him  let  down  with  Tackle  in  a  Coffin  which 
happened  to  be  ready  made,  when  he  came  down  he 
was  scarce  alive  and  Expired  soon  after.  A  warning  to 
Swarers.^ 

1736.  The  Dark  Cloisters,  which  continued  round  all 
four  sides  of  the  Square  Quite  to  the  Canon  Lane,  was, 
now  about,  taken  down,  and  laid  open  to  the  Gardens, 
and  the  Yicars  Houses  new  faced  and  windows  put  in. 

1739  Dec^  22"'^  The  hard  Frost  began,  and  continued 
9  weeks,  which  destroy'd  abundance  of  wheat,  so  that  it 
was  plowed  up,  the  fields  in  the  spring  being  yallow  with 
Churcle^  instead  of  green  with  wheat.  Abundance  of 
fruit  Trees  were  killed,  and  many  of  the  Poor  Labouring 
Men  and  their  Families  must  have  quite  perished  had 
not  the  Hearts  of  the  Opulent  been  opened  towards 
them. 

1740.  Inoculation  for  the  Small  Pox,  which  was  first 
brought  into  England  from  Turkey  in  J  724,  was  now 
first  Practised  in  Chichester,  my  Self  the  3*^  Person  that 
came  under  the  Opperation  :  about  300  were  inoculated 
and  I  think  3  or  4  died.^ 

5  "  1734.  Octr.  2oth.    A  severe  shock  voted   at   the  contested   election    this 

of  an  earthquake  was  felt  in  Chichester,  year  were  129." — Jaques  MS. 

and  for  several  miles  in  every  direction  ®  Charlock  (Sinapis  arvensis). 

but   the    North,  in  the  morning.     Ac-  '  Sub  Ann.  1744,  is  a  curious  entry  in 

cording  to  a  narration  drawn  up  by  Dr.  the    "  City   Act    Book,"   as   to   an   old 

Ed.  Bayley,  people  perceived   not  only  custom — that    of    auction    by     candle 

the    rocking  of    their    beds,    but    also  burning.      "  Buildings  in   St.    George's 

their  houses,  with  a  rumbling  noise  of  Row,   in   St.  Martin's   Lane,  commonly 

the    drawers    and     other     moveables.  called  Hog  Lane,"  had  been  examined, 

There  had  been  more  rain  and  wind  for  "  and  found   very  ruinous,  likely  to  fall 

several  months  successively    than    for  down    and    dangerous   to    passengers." 

many  years  before  and  after  the  shock.  It  was  therefore  resolved  "  that  they  be 

The  Freeholders  within  the  City,  who  taken  down  and  the  ground  leased  to 


152  speeshott's  memoies  of  chichestee  (IStfi  centuey). 

1745.  The  Great  Alarm  bere,  of  the  French  being 
Landed  at  Pemsey  Marsh,  which  news  arrived  by  a 
Special  Messenger  from  Arondel  about  the  midle  of  the 
nio-ht,  and  so  carried  on  to  Havant,  Portsmouth  &c. 
Inimediately  Drums  beat  to  Arms  all  over  the  Town,  the 
Soldiers  were  drawn  up,  the  Gates  all  shut  and  garded, 
no  Person  admitted  without  being  first  Examined. 
Messengers  sent  every  way  into  the  country  to  warn 
them  to  get  ready  with  all  weapons  possable,  the  Beacon 
was  lighted  upon  the  top  of  Rooks's  Hill,  which 
alarumed  the  country  far  round.  All  were  geting  their 
Guns  ready,  Casting  Bullets  &c.  Women  frightened 
out  of  their  wits,  Some  fainted  away.  Some  run  from 
their  Beds  mto  the  Streets  without  their  Cloaths,  Ex- 
pecting the  Enemy  to  be  upon  them  every  moment, 
Many  went  to  Hideing  their  Plate,  writings,  and  most 
valuable  things.  And  all  the  next  day,  the  Inhabitants 
were  Loitering  in  the  streets  with  sad  Countenances,  not 
knowing  what  to  Think  or  Say,  waiting  for  further 
Inteligence.  But  no  fresh  account  coming,  the  matter 
it  self  being  without  foundation,  However  rise,  wheather 
by  mistake  or  Design,  it  soon  subsided.^ 

The  Market  Cross  underwent  a  thorough  repair  by 
his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Richmond,  and  the  Clock  with  its 
Paces  set  lower,  where  it  now  is. 

the  highest  bidder,  hj  inch  of  candle,  Young  Pretender.  "  This  year,''  saya 
at  the  house  of  Yai'ral  Johnson,  being  Jaques,  in  his  MS.,  "  was  raised  a 
the  sign  of  the  Swan  in  Chichester."  company  of  foot,  cal'ed  the  '  Blues  of 
The  conditions  of  sale  are  thus  stated  :  Chichester,'  for  the  service  of  Govern. 
"The  said  premises  to  be  put  up  for  ment."  In  April,  1746,  was  fought  the 
sale  at  the  sum  of  twenty  shillings  and  decisive  battle  of  CuUoden,  which  must 
every  bidder  shall  advance  a  sum  of  not  have  obviated  all  further  fear  ;  and  oa 
less  than  ffive  shillings  ;  also  that  the  July  28th  following,  an  address  waa  j 
last  bidder  before  the  candle  goes  out  sent  to  the  King  by  the  Town  Council 
shall  be  deemed  the  purchaser,  and  and  inhabitants  of  the  City  with  con- 
thereupon  advance  and  pay  the  sum  of  gratulations  on  "the  glorious  event  of 
tlive  shillings  into  the  hands  of  the  that  compleat  and  signal  Victory  which 
Maior  of  the  said  City  by  way  of  your  Majesty's  Arms  have  lately 
earnest  and  at  the  same  time  entertain  obtained  over  your  Rebellions  subjecta 
the  Members  of  the  Corporation  then  in  Scotland,  who  vainly  confiding  in 
present  with  six  bottles  of  wine."  The  their  own  imaginary  strength  and  the 
premises  were  thus  sold  on  the  4th  of  powerful  assistance  of  the  Common 
June  to  Yarrall  Johnson  for  £22.  Vide  Disturber  of  Europe  insolently  dared 
also  XI.,  S.  A.  C,  186.  to  support  the  claime  and  follow  the 
*  1745.  This  alarm  was  caused  by  standard  of  an  abjured  Pretender." — 
the  expectation  of  a  landing  of  the  C.A.B. 
French  on  the  South  Coast  to  aid  the 


spershott's  memoirs  of  CHICHESTER  (18th  century).  153 

1748.  The  Turapike  road  from  North  Gate  to  Hind- 
head  began  to  be  made.  The  weather  Cock  was  taken 
down  from  the  Sph^e  by  Geo.  Grodman  Carpenter,  and 
W™  Leat  sat  upon  the  Cross  Bar  fileing  the  Spindle. 
The  old  wind  Mill  which  stood  in  the  Field  on  the  north 
side  of  the  road  going  to  Hampnet,  the  entrance  of 
which  was  where  the  G-ravel  Pit  is  since  differed,  was 
Blown  down,  with  Ed.  Ewen  the  Miller  in  it,  who 
received  no  other  damage  but  the  breaking  of  one  of  his 
fingers.^ 

1748-9.  JanT  16.  A  Special  Assize  was  held  in  this 
City  by  three  Judges,  for  the  Trial  of  seven  Smuglers, 
who  were  all  condemned  for  Murther,  and  all  Hang'd  at 
the  Brile  except  W^  Jackson  who  died  in  the  Gail  before 
the  Execution,  and  was  Buried  under  the  Gallows.  A 
stone  Monument  of  which  is  there  standing.  One,  viz., 
Tapner,  was  Hang'd  in  Chains  upon  Rooks's  Hill,  Carter, 
upon  Beak  Common.  And  Cobby  &  Hammon  upon 
Selsey  BilL  Old  and  young  Mills  who  were  but  acces- 
sories were  Buried  with  Jackson. ^^ 


9  In  1791,  in  Gilbert  White's  Letters, 
is  mentioned  a  dreadful  storm  in  the 
same  vicinity  : — "  The  thunder  storm 
on  Dec.  23  in  the  morning,  before  day, 
■was  very  awful ;  but,  I  thank  God,  it 
did  not  do  us  any  the  least  harm.  Two 
millers  in  a  windmill  on  the  Sussex 
Downs,  near  Goodwood,  were  struck 
dead  by  lightning  that  morning,  and 
part  of  the  gibbet  on  Hindhead,  on 
which  two  murderers  were  suspended, 
was  beaten  down.'' 

1*  An  account  of  this  Assize  is  given 
in  the  well-known  ''  Full  and  Genuine 
History  of  the  Inhuman  and  Un- 
paralleled Murders,"  &c.,  quoted  in 
X.,  S.  A.  C.  The  following  extract, 
from  an  early  edition,  gives  further 
particulars — "  After  sentence  the  Pri- 
Boners  were  carried  back  to  Chichester 
Jail.  The  Court  were  pleas'd  to  order 
them  all  for  execution  the  very  next 
day,  and  that  the  bodies  of  Jackson, 
Carter,  Tapner,  Cobby,  and  Hammond, 
the  five  principals,  should  be  hung  in 
chains.  Accordingly  they  were  carried 
from    the    Jail   to    a  place    called    the 

XXX. 


Broile,  near  Chichester,  where  in  the 
presence  of  great  numbers  of  spectators 
on  Thursday  the  19th  day  of  January, 
about  Two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  all 
of  them  were  executed,  except  Jack. 
son,  of  Aldsworth,  who  died  in  Jail 
about  four  Hours  after  Sentence  of 
death  was  pronounced  upon  him."  The 
places  where  these  desperate  outlaws 
were  gibbeted  are  correctly  stated  in  the 
text — "  The  body  of  William  Carter  was 
hung  in  chains,  in  the  Portsmouth 
Road,  near  Rake ;  the  body  of  Benja. 
min  Tapner  on  Rook's  Hill,  near  Chi- 
chester ;  and  the  bodies  of  John  Cobby 
and  John  Hammond,  near  Selsey  Bill." 
One  Rooke,  who  lived  at  Appledram, 
and  acknowledged  that  he  had  been 
a  smuggler,  said  that  a  few  years 
ago  he  bad,  when  a  boy,  climbed  to 
the  top  of  Tapner's  gibbet.  Among 
other  incidents  connected  with  smug, 
gling,  he  mentioned  that  a  relation  of 
his  was  shot  through  the  head  by  an 
excise  ofiBcer,  and  that,  in  the  Man- 
hood, straw  ricks,  opened  and  after- 
wards  covered  up  again,  were  not  un- 


J  54)   speeshott's  memoirs  of  chichester  (18th  century). 

1749.  The  Duke  of  Riclimond's  new  vault  diged  and 
made  in  the  Cathedral,  and  his  father  (the  then  late 
Duke)  taken  from  Westminster  and  brought  into  it. 

And  soon  after  was  his  own  death  and  burial  there. 

1751.  S*  Pancrass  Church  was  rebuilt  after  havinp: 
been  down  more  than  100  years.  When  I  was  young  I 
knew  an  old  man  (M''  Clark)  that  said  he  remember'd  the 
former  Church  standing. 

1753.  The  Parishes  of  the  City  united  their  Poor,  by 
a  new  act  of  Parhament,  and  Built  the  two  wings  of  the 
Poor  House. 

1758.     The  High  road  that   went  through  the  Park 
was  turned  to  the  North  side  of  West  Dean  Church. 
The  Kings  and  Bishops  in  the  Cathedral   new  painted. 

1760.  The  large  Cupola  on  the  projecting  House 
within  the  East  Gate,  taken  down. 

1762.  The  Turnpike  road  began  to  be  made  from 
west  Gate  towards  Portsmouth,  and  for  that  purpose, 
the  Gravel  Pit  at  the  South  East  Corner  of  the  new 
Broile  began  to  be  digged,  where  the  Cart  road  used 
to  be. 


frequent    hiding    places     for    tubs   of 
spirits,  in  transit  from  the  coast. 

The  "  Monument "  to  the  smugglers 
is  still  to  be  seen  in  a  field  adjacent  to 
the  barracks.  As  the  inscription  on  it 
is  now  almost  entirely  obliterated,  it  is 
here  given,  as  copied  jnst  after  its 
erection  : — "  Near  this  place  was 
Buried  the  Body  of  William  Jackson,  a 
proscribed  Smuggler,  who  upon  a 
special  Commission  of  Oyer  and  Ter- 
miner, held  at  Chichester,  on  the  \6^^ 
day  of  January  1748  9  was,  with 
William  Carter,  attainted  for  the  Mur- 
der of  William  Galley,  a  Custom-house 
OfiBcer ;  and  who  likewise  was,  together 
with  Benjamin  Tapner,  John  Cobby, 
John     Hammond,    Richard    Mills     the 


Elder,  and  Richard  Mills  the  younger,  hia 
Son,  attainted  for  the  Murder  of  Daniel 
Chater ;  but  dying  in  a  few  hours  after 
Sentence  of  Death  was  pronounced 
upon  him,  he  thereby  escap'd  the 
Punishment  which  the  Heinousness  of 
his  complicated  Crimes  deserved,  and 
which  was  the  next  day  most  justly  in- 
flicted  upon  his  Accomplices.  As  a 
Memorial  to  Posterity,  and  a  Warning 
to  this  and  succeeding  Generations  this 
stone  is  erected.  A.D.  1749."  The 
sum  of  £42  was  paid  by  the  Exchequer 
to  the  Corporation  of  Chichester  for  the 
erection  of  the  gallows  and  other  ex- 
penses incurred  in  this  special  Assize. — 
City  Act  Book. 


spershott's  memoirs  of  CHICHESTER  (18th  century).   155 

1763.  The  water  of  the  Lavant  run  all  round  the 
city,  occasioned  by  its  overflowing  the  Bank  at  S*  James's 
in  the  night,  which  flow'd  the  lower  rooms  in  S*  Pan- 
crass,  run  rapidly  into  the  Lane  to  S*  Michals  Fair  field, 
so  into  the  Lighten,  and  flow'd  by  the  Bishops  Garden 
field,  and  found  its  way  round  to  North  Gate  &c  as  in 
1713  just  50  years  before,  and  if  periodical,  may  again 
be   expected  in  1813. 

The  water  mill  at  the  East  end  of  S*  Pancrass  taken 
down. 

The  High  road  part  of  Baffins  Lane,  going  by  the  wall 
of  the  Priory  to  the  South  walls  and  so  round  to  the 
South  Gate,  was  stop'd  up,  and  taken  into  M*"  Bulls 
Garden. 

1768.  The  river  Lavant,  where  it  used  to  run  across 
the  Main  road  to  the  Edge  of  Portfield,  was  turned  to 
the  north  side  of  the  road  to  S*  James's  and  there  a  new 
Bridge  built. 

1771.  The  new  Bridge  built  overtlie  Lavant  without 
the  East  Gate,  before  which  the  water  lie  open,  spread 
wide,  and  when  the  springs  were  high,  flow'd  from  within 
a  few  yards  of  East  Gate  into  the  Hornet  as  far  as  the 
old  Poor  House, ^^  and  was  so  deep  in  the  current  that  I 
have  seen  it  above  the  Beds  of  the  waggons.  There  was 
then  only  a  narrow  Bridge  of  two  stone  arches  from  tke 
Hornet  to  the  Pancrass  for  Horse  and  foot  People. 

1773.  The  three  Gates,  North,  South,  and  West,  were 
taken  down,  which  put  a  stop  to  the  keeping  Hock  Mon- 

11  In  1772,  died  Mr.  Hardham  who  comedies,  at  a  time  when  wigs  and  snnff 

was  one  of  the  greatest  benefactors  to  were     the  necessary  appendages   of    a 

the  city.     He    bequeathed    the    sum  of  beau." — Walcotfs    Memorials    of    Chi- 

£22,282  15s.  9d.  in  the  Three-per-Cents.  Chester.     Some   of  this  snuff  was  pro- 

"  to  ease  the  inhabitants  of  Chichester  duced  and   handed   round    at  a  recent 

of  their  poor  rate   for   ever."      Those  dinner  given  to  a  Chairman  of  the  Board 

who  live  outside  the  walls,  or  within  the  of    Guardians.     Hardham  s   will   is    so 

Precincts  of  the  Close  are  excluded  from  quaint,  and   of  so  much  importance    in 

this  benefit.    Hardham  made  his  fortune  the  civic  annals   of  this  time,  that  it  is 

by  snuff.     It  was   his  celebrated  "  No.  added  as  an  appendix  to  these   notes    in 

37"  which  "gained  celebrity  by  being  the  "  Notes  and  Queries,"  infra. 
introduced   by    Garrick,   in   one  of  his 


156  speeshott's  memoies  of  chichestee  (18th  centuey). 

day,  whicli  was  tlie  Monday  fortnigM  after  Easter,  when 
the  Porters  kept  the  Gate  shut  from  morning  till  night, 
and  every  person  passing  through  paid  a  Penny  once  for 
the  Day,  at  least  one  for  their  Familie. 

In  this  year  was  a  storm  of  wind  which  set  the  wind 
mill  on  Rooks's  Hill  and  the  wind  mill  on  Ports-down 
both  on  Fire,  they  were  both  burning  at  the  same  time 
and  both  burnt  down  to  the  Ground. 

Now  about  the  new  wall  for  encompassing  the  enlarged 
Park  at  Goodwood  was  building  and  carrying  on  from 
Porley  Corner  up  the  Hill. 

1774.  The  foot  walks  in  all  the  streets  and  lanes,  first 
paved,  at  the  expense  of  the  Members  of  Parliament  for 
the  City,  viz.  Cappell  and  Conolly. 

1775.  The  weather  Cock  taken  down  from  the  Spire  ; 
and  I  saw  Henry  Hammon  sit  upon  the  Cross  Barr  fileing 
the  Spindle,  who  put  it  up  again,  and  proposed  geting 
up  upon  it  when  on,  but  was  persuaided  from  such  a 
presumtious  attempt. 

1777.  The  Old  Conduit  taken  down  which  stood  on 
the  South  side  of  the  East  street  apposit  the  Corner 
House  of  the  North  and  East ;  it  was  a  large  round, 
heavy  Building  leaded  over  in  a  piramidal  form,  and  there 
was  only  room  for  foot  people  between  it  and  the  Houses. 

The  new  Conduit  was  then  built  in  the  South  Street, 
and  a  Stone  Iraage^  of  one  of  the  Ancient  Druids  set 

12  The  history  of  this  statue  is  curious.  placed   oTer  the  public   Conduit  in  the 

It    is  conjectured,    from    its   material,  South  Street  near   the  Cross,   and  gave 

that  it  was  made  at   the   establishment  a  certain   classical    appearance    to  that 

of  Mrs.  Coade,  from  which   similar  de-  part  of  the  town;  but  the  Conduit  being 

signs    issued    in  the  last  century.     Fi^r  taken  down,  the  statue   was  purchased 

many   years    after    Spershott's  time  it  by    Mr.    Guy."     After  remaining  there 

was  in  the  vault    of  Mr.    W.   Guy,  who  for  many  years,   it  was    disinterred    in 

died    in    1800.     He    was    an    eminent  1&73,  and   was  then  presented    by    his 

Burgeon  of  Chichester,  and  resided  "  in  grandson,    Dr.  W.    A.   Guy,  of    King's 

the    house  situate   on  the  west    side   of  Coll.,     London,     to     the    Priory    Park 

the  west  entrance  or  gateway  leading  to  Society,  in  whose  grounds  it  has   been 

the    cathedral    church    yard.      At    the  I'e-erected.     An  entry  in  the  "  City  Act 

entrance    into    the    vault,    it    is     said.  Book"  describes  the  statue  as  that  of  a 

(1836),  "  is  a  fine    sculptured   figure  of  Druid,  and  mentions  its  original  cost  aa 

I'ime,  which  in  fact  was  once  the  statue  £64. 
of  Neptune  !  adorned  with  a  trident  and 


SPEESHOTT's  MEMOIES  OF  CHICHESTER  (18tH  CENTURT).     157 

upon  it,  and  a  large  Reservoir  made  under  G-round.     The 
fish  Shambles  made  of  stone  which  before  were  of  wood. 
In  this  year,  the  row  of  51  Elm  Trees,  on  the  East  side 
of  Kingsham  mead,  was  planted. 

1779.  The  Turnpike  Eoad  from  South  Gate  to  Dell 
Quay  began  to  be  made. 

The  Powder  House  on  the  East  walls  built. 

Feb.  3*^.  The  fortnight  Beast  Market  changed  from 
its  usual  Wednesday,  to  the  other  Wednesday. 

The  foot  walk  from  North  Gate  to  the  Brile  fenced  off 
with  Posts  and  rails. 

1780.  The  number  of  Dwelling  Houses  in  the  City 
and  Suburbs  were  as  follows.  And  for  a  House,  so  much 
was  taken  as  by  its  whUs,  roof,  form,  &c  appear'd  to  be 
one  whole  distinct  Building.  Some  containing  1.  2.  3.  4 
Tenements. 

viz.     In  the  East  Street   72 

North  Street 70 

West  Street 64 

South  Street 52 

Palant    46 

Little  London  &c 33 

St.  Martins  Lane  &c  41 

Upper  West  Lane      20 

Lower  West  Lane     13 

Northwest  Walls   9 

TheClose  17 

Within  the  Walls 437 

Without  East  Gate   106 

Without  North  Gate     9 

Without  West  Gate 30 

Without  South  Gate    19 

Total 601 

1781.  One  Round  Tower  of  the  Fortification  taken 
down  and  quite  erased  which  stood  near  the  West  Gate. 


158    speeshott's  memoirs  of  chichester  (18th  century). 

Feb.  27.  was  the  great  storm  of  wind,  whicli  blow'd 
down  7  Barns  in  Bersted  Parish,  20  in  the  Manhood,  and 
many  more  about  the  Country.  Also  Burdham  wind  mill 
and  Shripny  wind  mill,  abundance  of  Trees,  and  other 
damages  to  Buildings  &c  in  the  Town  and  Country  ^ 

Dec^  13.  The  large  old  Spittle  House,  belonging  to 
St.  James's  Chappel,  burnt  down. 

1 783.     The  New  Grand  Assembly  Room  built. 

The  East  Gate  arch  and  Prison  over  it  taken  down, 
and  the  new  Gaol  built  as  gay  without  side  as  a  painted 
Sepulchre ;  And  Mary  Beedle  a  young  married  waiting 
woman  to  Lady  Franklen,  was  the  first  Prisoner  in  it. 
for  stealing  a  Quantity  of  Linnen,  which  in  part  return'd 
to  its  Owner.  After  her  sentance  to  seven  years  Trans- 
portation she  was  immediately  put  into  it  Jan^.  12.  1784, 
before  it  was  quite  finished  and  when  the  water  run  down 
the  walls,  and  a  great  snow  and  extream  cold  winter 
followed  upon  it.  and  no  Bed,  or  fire,  alowed  her.  nor 
friend  to  visit  her,  so  that  she  was  nearly  perished,  and 
her  Husband  a  Civil  man  almost  distracted. 

Here,  tho'  the  sentence  was  legal,  Human  Nature 
seemed  to  have  lost  its  feelings  towards  a  young  tender 
woman,  and  at  the  same  time  with  Child,  which  circum- 
stances, had  she  been  even  guilty  of  murder,  certainly,  in 
reason  and  nature,  would  have  demanded  some  sympathy 
and  relief  from  her  fellow  creatures,  for  she  and  all  of  us 
must  yet  appear  at  a  Higher  Court  of  Judicature  before 
him  to  whom  vengeance  does  primarily  belong,  and  who 
declares,  that  he  shall  have  judgment  without  mercy,  that 
hath  shewed  no  mercy.     Ja'  2,  13. 

1784  Ap^  15.  The  first  air  Balloon  ever  seen  rise  in 
Chichester,  was  sent  up  from  the  Bishop's  Green,  and  the 
same  day  it  was  found  near  Harting  and  brought  to 
Chichester. 

The  new  Bath  Building  without  the  South  Gate  erected 
in  the  Old  Cart  road. 

I  here  end  my  remarks,  and  this   whole  work,  which 


spershott's  memoirs  of  CHICHESTER  (18th  centurt).    ]  59 

for  my  amusement  at  certain  intervals,  and  respites  from 
my  more  important  calling,  I  have  been  carrying  on. 

And  from  a  retrospection,  I  can't  but  observe,  that  I 
have  seen  almost  the  whole  City  and  Town,  new  built  or 
new  faced,  a  spirit  of  Emulation  in  this  way  having  run 
through  the  whole.  And  that  from  its  Beauty,  Elegancy, 
and  new  taste  in  Buildings,  Dress  &c  it  would  appear  to 
an  ancient  inhabitant,  if  reviv'd,  as  if  another  Cissa  had 
been  here. 

This  Century  I  think  may  be  called  its  Golden  Age,  if 
it  thus  continues  to  the  end  of  it.  But  being  in  this, 
elevated  to  its  Meridian  Height,  it  may  be  greatly  de- 
clined again  by  the  End  of  the  next,  for  Divine  Providence 
generaly  brings  Pride  to  a  fall. 

^'  Civility  and  Politeness  bright  as  Day, 

Ht-c  But  the  one  thing  needfull  too  much  delay. 

To  Spershott's  annals  the  following  are  added  by  a 
different  hand  :  — 

1797  June  2.  The  Weather  Cock  taken  down  from  the 
Spire  by  William  Arthur.  July  4  the  Weather  Cock  put 
up  again  by  William  Arthur  at  6  Minutes  before  Ten 
O'clock  in  the  morning. 

1798  September  10.  The  new  Weather  Cock  put  up 
on  the  St.  Pancrass  Church  by  William  Smart  at  10 
minutes  after  four  in  the  afternoon  with  a  new  Cross 
Barr  added  to  the  Upright  Barr.^^ 

1809.  February  the  water  of  the  Lavant  run  all  round 
the  City  occasioned  by  its  overflowiug  its  Banks  which 
flowed  the  lower  rooms  in  St.  Pancrass  &  the  Hurnet 
run  rapidly  into  the  Lane  to  St.  Michals  Fair  field  so 
into  the  Lighten  and  flowed  the  Bishops   Garden    Field 

'^  1806,  Apl.  3.    "  It  was  unanimously  near  the   Swan  Back   Gate  in   the   N. 

agreed    (by  the  Town  Council)  that  a  Street,"  which  was  purchased  for  £650. 

Market  House  should  be  erected  in  the  1808,   Jan.   20.     "The    New    Market 

most  centrical  part  of  the  City."     The  House  in  the  N.  Street  was  opened." — 

site  selected  was  that  of  "  two  messuages  C.A.B. 


160   spershott's  memoirs  of  CHICHESTER  (18th  centctry). 


and  found  its  way  round  to  North   Gate   as  in   the  year 
1763  which  may  be  expected  once  in  50  years. ^* 


1*  On  this  occasion  twenty  gnineas 
were  subscribed  by  the  Mayor  and  Cor- 
poration "  for  the  relief  of  the  poor 
persons  who  suffered  from  the  Inunda- 
tion."— City  Act  Book. 

This  is  not  the  sole  instance  of  gene- 
rosity mentioned  in  the  Civic  Annals  ; 
they  abound  also  with  addresses  testi- 
fying to  the  loyalty  and  patriotism  of 
the  Cicestrians  Many  famous  victories 
are  therein  commemorated,  and  after  the 
ever-memorable  battle  of  Trafalgar — 
not  alluded  to  in  the  preceding — the 
following  excellent  address  was  sent 
from  the  city  : — 

"  Nov.  27,  1805. 

'  To  the  King's  most  excellent  Majesty. 

'  May  it  please  your  Majesty 

"  To  accept  the  warmest 
congratulations  of  your  RIajesty's  duti- 
ful &  loyal  subjects  the  Mayor,  High 
Steward,  Recorder,  Alderman  &  Citi- 
zens of  the  City  of  Chichester,  in 
Common  Council  assembled,  upon  the 
recent  most  glorious  &  tmparalleled 
Victory  obtained  over  the  Combined 
Fleets  of  France  &  Spain  by  your 
Majesty's  Fleet  led  on  by  that  illus- 
trious &  ever  to  be  lamented  Hero 
Lord  Nelson  ;  a  victory  which,  while  it 
will  give   a  prouder  lustre  to  the  Naval 


History  of  our  Country  will  yet  darken  | 
its  Page  by  recording  the  untimely  Fall 
of  a  Commander  under  whose   auspices 
Conquest  was  the   certain  consequence 
of  Battle. 

''  At  the  same  Time  therefore  that 
we  presume  to  congratulate  your 
Majesty  on  one  Event  so  auspicious  to 
our  Country  we  trust  it  is  becoming 
in  us  to  offer  our  humble  Condolence 
to  your  Majesty  on  another  which  has 
robbed  your  Majesty  of  a  most  loyal 
subject  &  deprived  these  lealms  of  tho 
Services  of  a  Man  who  has  contributed 
BO  largely  to  extend  their  power  & 
increase  their  property.  We  should  ' 
however  be  guilty  of  unpardonable  i 
Despondency  if  we  did  not  feel  the  : 
firmest  reliance  that  by  the  efforts  of 
the  many  surviving  gallant  Officers  & 
Seamen  in  your  Majesty's  Fleets  the 
Glory  of  the  British  Flag  will  continue 
under  Divine  Providence  to  shine  with 
equal  Brilliancy  to  the  latest  Posterity. 

"  In    Testimony    whereof    we    have  : 
caused  the  Common    Seal  of    the   said  ' 
City  to  be  hereunto  affixed  this  twenty  | 
fiflh    Day    of    November    in    the   forty 
ninth  year  of  your  Majesty's  most  aus- 
picious reign." 


A    EETUEN 

(SO  FAR  AS  THEY  CAN  BE  ASCERTAINED) 

OF  THE  MEMBERS  OF  PARLIAMENT  TOR  THE 
COUNTY  AND  BOROUGHS  OF  SUSSEX. 

COMPILED     FROM     THE    RETURN     OF    MEMBERS    OF     PARLIAMENT 

ORDERED    BY  THE    HOUSE  OF    COMMONS    TO    BE 

PRINTED  1  MARCH,  1878. 


By  ALAN  H.  STENNING,  Esq., 


18Edw.  I.  (1290). 

Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  15   July,  1290. 

^"'*;^  ,  ^         1     Sussex  County, 

de  Lcbjngenam    ) 


Henricus  Husee 
Willielmus 


23  Edw.  I.  (1295). 

Summoned    to  meet    at    Westminster  13tli   and    (by 
Prorogation)  27tli  November,  3  295. 

Kobertus   de   Passelagh  ) 


Thomas  de  Yawton  |     Arundel  Boroagh. 

Johannes  Ahsaundre  ) 

I      Biamber  Borough. 

I      Chichester  City. 

Walterus  Randolf  j      Horsham  Borough, 

vv  alterus  burgevs  ) 

Gervasius  de  Wolvehope  )      ^ewes  Borough. 

Kicardus  le  Palmere  ) 

Rogerus  de  Beauchamp  |      si^o.ebam  Borough, 

ihomas  Fontoyse  J 


Johannes  Testard 
Ricardus  le  Eveske 
Willielmus  de  Ertham 
Clemens  de  Addesdene 
Walterus  Randolf 


XXX. 


162 


MEMBERS    OF    PAELIAMENT   FOR    SUSSEX. 


25  Edw.  L  (1297). 

Summoned  to  meet  at  London  6tli  October,  1297. 
Two  Knights  to  be  sent  from  each  county. 

Sussex  Coukty. 

The  knights  and  freeholders  of  this  county  refused  to 
proceed  to  an  election,  in  consequence  of  the  absence, 
upon  the  King's  service,  of  the  Archbishop  of  Canter- 
bury and  others  beyond  sea. 


26  Edw.  I.  (1298). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  York,  25th  May,  1298. 

Sussex  County. 


Henricus  Huse 
Radulphus  Saunzaver 
Walterus  le  Spiser 
Johannes  ate  Palente 
Gervasius  de  Wolfnehope 
Willielmus  Seiverleg' 
Galfridns  Cuckou 
Willielmus  Hobey 
Godefridus  ate  Curt 
Eogerus  le  Wak' 
Andreas  le  Pipere 
Willielmus  Daunger 


Chichester  City. 


Lewes  Borcugrh. 


8eaford  Borough. 

Shoreham  Borough. 

Steyning  and  Bramber  Borough. 


28  Edw.  I.  (1299-1300). 

Summoned  to  meet  at  London   or  Westminster,  6th 
March,  1299-1300.' 


Robertus  de  Passelegh  "1 

Lucas  de  Vienna  J 

Willielmus  le  Tavernor  '\ 

Walterus  le  Espiccr  j 

Eobertus  Godefray  ") 

Walterus   Burgeys  j 


Sussex  County. 
Chichester  City. 
Horsham  Borough. 


1  The  names  are  taken  from  the  Enrolment  of  the  Writs  de  Expensis  in  the 
absence  of  original  returns. 


MEMBERS    OF   PARLIAMENT    FOR    SUSSEX. 


163 


29  Edw.  I.  (1300-1). 
Summoned  to  meet   at  Lincoln,   20  January,  1300-1. 

?•  Sussex  County. 

1^  Arundel  Borough. 

I  Bramberand  Steyning  Borough. 

[  Chichester  City. 


Heuricns  Tregoz 
Henricus  Husee 
Robertus  Sweyn 

.     ate  Sonde 
Johannes  Testard 
Godefridus  Thony 
Ricardus  Danyel 
Godefridus  Clere 
Willielmus  ate  Holere 
Williebnus  le  Fughel 
Reginaldus  de  Combe 
Rogeius  Coppyng' 
Ricardus  le  Plote 
Stephanus  Ode 
Williehnus  Hdbey 
Galfridus  Cookou 
Rogerus  de  Bello  Campo 
Ricardus  e  Bokyngehani 


[  Grinstead  Borough. 

i  Lewes  Borough. 

I  Midhurst  Borough. 

I  Seaford  Borough. 

I  Shoreham  Borough. 


30  Edw.  I.  (1302). 

Summoned  to  meet   in   London,  29  September,  1302, 
and  prorogued  to  Westminster,  14  October,  1302. 


Henricus  Wardeden 
Johannes  Heryngaud 
Williehnus  Wodelond 
Johannes  Hereward 
Johannes  Testard 
Ricardus  le  Evesk' 
Wal terns  Burgeys 
Robertus  Godefrey 
Gervasius  de  Wolvehope 
Ricardus  le  Palmere 
Joliannes  Bosse 
Galfridus  Cockou 
Henricus  de  Burne 
Rogerus  de  Bello  Campo 


Sussex  County. 
Arundel  Borough. 
Bramber  Borough. 
Horsham  Borough. 
Lewes  Borough. 
Seaford  Borough. 
Shoreham  Borough. 


164!  MEMBEES    OF    PARLIAMENT    FOR    SUSSEX. 

33  Edw.  I.  (1304-5). 

Summoned    to    meet   at   Westminster,    16  February, 
1304-5,  prorogued  to  28  February,  1304-5. 

Willielmus  de  Etclnngeliam    |      ^.^^^^^^  ^^^^^^^^_ 
Radulphus  fcauiitzaver  ) 

Godefridus  Gyngivre  7       a        i  i  tj  i 

TTT-ii-  1  -ntr    1  1     J  c     Amndel  liorough. 

Willielmus  Wodelond  }  ° 

Edmundus  Gordon  |      Chkhester  City. 

Petrus  Bissbop  )  ■' 

Galfridus  de  Wolvebope  |      l^^^^^  Borongli. 

Walterus  Nyng  ) 

Eicardiis  Serle  j      Shoreham  Borough, 

feimon  Iveny  j 

34  EdAY.  I.  (1306). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  30  May,  1306. 

Eadulphus  Saunaver^  ")      o  r^       ^ 

T  1       ^      „     •  J9  f      Sussex  County. 

Johannes  Heringaud^  j  '' 

35  Edw.  I.  (1306-7). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Carlisle,  20  January,  1306-7. 

Henricus  Husee  ■)      ..  „ 

Johannes  Heringaud  j      ^"'^^^  ^^""^.^'- 

Ricardus  Wodelond  ")       a         i  i  t. 

Willielmus  Scot  j      Arundel  Borough. 

Ricardus  le  Nedelare  ")      ^„  •  i      ^      /-.• 

Galfridus  de  Strethampton'     |     Chichester  City. 

1  Edw.  II.  (1307). 

Summoned  to   meet   at   Northampton,    13    October, 
1307. 

Willielmus  de  Echinghamme  ")      o  r^ 

Henricus  Husee  j"      ^'^^'^^  County. 

Willielmus   Scot  )       a        i  i  -r.  i 

Ricardus  Wodelond  j      ^™"^'^  Borough. 

Willielmus  Chepman  )      t>        i  ■,  cj       •     -r, 

Rogerus  Paramour  j      ^ramber  and  SteyningBorough. 

*  These  names  are  supplied  from  the  Enrolment  of  the  Writs  de  Expensis  in  the 
absence  of  original  Eeturus. 


MEMBERS    OF    TARLIAMENT    FOE    SUSSEX. 


165 


Galfridus  le  Fissher 
Thomas  Squier 
Robertus  Godefrei 
Martin  us  le  Peck 
Robertus  le  Bjnt 
Walterus  le  Fust 
Bicardus  Must 
Ricardus  Serle 


I  East  Grinstead  Borough. 

|-  Horsham  Borough. 

I  Lewes  Borough. 

I  Shoreham  Borough. 


2  Edw.  II.  (1309). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  27  April,  1309. 


Henricus  Husee 
Heuricus  Tregoz 
Willielmus  de  Yabeton' 
Thomas  de  Yabeton' 
Henricus  de  Somerlegh' 
"Walterus  le  Spicer 
Willielmus  de  Holmdale 
Galfridus  le  Fisshere 
Ranulphus  de  Horsham 
Robertus  Olyver 
Simcm  Tring 
Johannes  Arnald 
Johannes  Virly 
Johannes  Frewyn' 
Ricardus  le  Veske 
Johannes  Raulot' 


I  Sussex  County. 

I  Arundel  Borough. 

I  Chichester  City. 

[  East  Grinstead  Borough. 

[•  Horsham  Borough. 

>■  Lewes  Borough. 

1  Shoreham  Borough. 

I  SteyningandBramber  Borough. 


5  Edvv.  II.  (1311). 

Summoned  to  meet  at  London,  8  August,  1311. 
Prorogued  and  Re-summoned  12  November,  1311.  (See 
next  Parliament.) 

Radulphus  Sanzaver^ 
Johannes  de  Heringaud' 


Willielmus  Wodelond' 
Johannes  Alisaundre 
Clemens  de  Addesden' 
Willielmus  le  Sherere 
Thomas  Flemyng' 
Galfridus  ate  Solere 


I  Sussex  County. 

l  Arundel  Borough. 

[  Chichester  City. 

[  East  Grinstead  Borough. 


3  Supplied  from  the  Enrolment  of  the  Writs   de  Expensis  in  the  absence  of 
Original  lletiirns. 


166 


MEMBERS    OF   PARLIAMENT   FOR    SUSSEX. 


Eobertus 
Eobertus 
Simon  le 
Eicardus 
Eicaidus 
Henricus 
Johannes 
Johannes 
Eicardus 
Eobertus 


Godefrei 

ate  Lynde 

Tring' 

le  Hurt 

Josep 

le  Poffare 

Virly 

Frewyne 

le  Veske 

Sulverloc 


J  Horsham  Borough. 

[  Lewes  Borough. 

I  Midhurst  Borough. 

[  Shoreham  Borough. 

I  Steyning  Borough. 


6  Edw.  II.  (1311). 
Re-summoned   (after  Prorogation)    to  meet  at  West- 


minster, 12  November,  1311, 

Eadulphus  Saunsaver  or 

Saunzaver 
Johannes  Herynghaud 
Johannes  atte  Gate 
Jobannes  Edward 
Clemens  de  Addesdene 
Johannes  de  Somerlegh' 
Willielmus  de  Holyndale 
Johannes  atte  Solere 
Henricus  le  Boteler 
Eicardus  Josep 


Sussex  County. 


i 

'j-  Arundel  Borough. 

>  Chichester  City. 

y  East  Griustead  Borough. 

I  Midhurst  Borough. 


6  Edw.  II.  (1312). 

Summoned  to  meet  at  Lincoln,  23  July,  and  (by  Pro- 
rogation) at  ^Yestminster,  20  August,  1312. 

Nicholaus  Gentil* 
Eobertus  le  Boliller^ 


i      Sussex  County. 


6  Edw.  II.  (1312-13). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  18  March,  1312- 


13. 


Henricus  Tregoz 
Michael  de   Ponegh' 
Johannes  Edward 
Godefridus  Gyngivre 


[■      Sussex  County. 


) 


Arundel  Borough. 


Names  supplied  from  the  Writs  de  Expeneis. 


MEMBERS    OF    PARLIAMENT   EOR    SUSSEX. 


167 


Eobertus  le  Tavernier 
Simon  de  Flete 
Eobertus  Godefray 
Willielmus  ate  Lynde 
Henricus  le  Poffare 
Eicardus  le  Baillyf 
Johannes  Eaidot 
Eicardus  le  Veske 


y  Chicliester  City. 

>  Horsham  Borough, 

I  Midhurst  Borough. 

>•  Steyning  Borough. 


7  Edw.  II.  (1313). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  8  July,  1313. 

Eadulphus  Saunzaver 


Johannes  Heringaud 

Adam  le  Taillur 
Willielmus  le  Sangere 

Alexander  Prikkelove 
Johannes  Gerniein 

Willielmus  de  la  Chapele 
Galfridus  de  Wolveliope 

Johannes  le  Frensh' 
Johannes  le  Eryssh' 


Sussex  County. 

Arundel  Borough. 

Chichester  City. 

Lewes  Borough. 

Steyning  and  BramberBorough. 


7  Edw.  II.  (1313). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  23  September,  1313. 


Nicolaus  Gentil 
Johannes  Heringaud 

Johannes  Edward 
Johannes  de  Gate 

Adam  de  Coppedone 
Eobertus  le  Taverneuer 

Galfridus  le  Ku 
Willielmus  de  Holyndale 

Eobertus  Godefrey 
Eicardus  de   Stanstret 

Simon  Tiing 
Johannes  Gouman 

Henricus  de  Bourne 
Willielmus  de  Pevenese 

Eicardus  le  Veske 
Willielmus  de  Denham 


Sussex  County. 
Arundel  Borough. 
Chichester  City. 
East  Grinstead  Borough. 
Horsham  Borough. 
Lewes  Borough. 
Shoreham  Borough. 
Steyning  Borough. 


1-^ 


168 


MEMBERS    OF    PAKLIAMENT    FOU    SUSSEX. 


8  Edw.  II.  (1314-15). 
Summoned    to    meet    at    Westminster.    20    January, 
1314-15. 

Robertas  de  Echyngham 
Nicholaus  Gentyl 

No  return  made 


Sussex  County. 
Chichester  City. 


10  Edw.  II.  (1316). 
Two  Knights  summoned  from  each  County,  to  meet  at 
Lincoln,  29  July,  1316,   concerning  the  Perambulations 
of  the  Forests. 


Alanus  de  BokesuUe  or 

de  Bokesliuir 
Thomas  de  Praierres  or 

de  Prayeres 


Sussex  County. 


12  Edw.  II.  (1319). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  York,  6  May,  1319. 

Johannes  de  Ratyndene 
Rogerus  de  Baveut 

David  le  Kersone 
Willielmus  Bellar' 


Williehuus  Chepnian 
WilHelmus  de  Bury 

Johannes  le  Say 
Rogerus  le  Buck' 

No  Return  made 
Willielmus  Walewere 
Henricus  de  Rudham 

Johannes  Loute 
Johannes  Baudefait 


Sussex  County. 
Arundel  Borough. 
Bramber  Borough. 


Chichester  City. 
(?)  East  Grinstead  Borough. 
Lewes  Borough. 

Shoreham  Borough. 


14  Edw.  11.  (1320). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  6  October,  1320. 

Tliomas  Tregoz,  miles 
Rogerus  de  Bavent,  miles 


Simon  le  Goldsmyth' 
Willielmus  de  Yabiton 


} 


Sussex  County. 
Arundel  Borough. 


MEMBEES    OF   PAELTAMENT    FOB    SUSSEX. 


169 


Johannes  Wyn 
Rogerus  atte  Welle 

Ricardus  ate  Stanstrete 
Eicardus  atte  Boure 

Thomas  ate  Novene 
Radulphus  ate  Lote 

Henricus  le  Butiller 
Ricardus  de  Sen^eltou' 


Chichester  City. 
Horsham  Borough. 
Lewes  Borough. 
Midhurst  Borough. 


15  Edw.  XL  (1321). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  "Westmiaster,  15  July,  1321. 

Robertus  de  Echingeham^ 

Nicholaus  Gentil''^ 


Sussex  County. 


15  Edw.  II.  (1322). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  York,  2  May,  1 322. 

Robertus  de  Echingham 


Rogerus  de  Bavent 

Johannes  Chaunterel 
Johannes  Caris 

Thomas  de  SLawe 
Radulphus  Peny 

Johannes  le  Rede 
Andreas  ate  Wode 

Philippus  le  Mareschal 
Thomas  de  Lofelde 

Thomas  de  Chidingfold 
Ricardus  Babbe 

Benedictus  ate  Lithe 
Willielmus  Chepman 


Sussex  County. 
Arundel  Borough. 
Chichester  City. 
Horsham  Borough. 
Lewes  Borough. 
Midhurst  Borough. 
Steyning  and  Bramber  Borough. 


16  Edw.  11.  (1322). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Ripon  (afterwards  altered  to 
York),  14  November,  1322. 

Robertus  de  Echyngehamme 
Johannes  de  Ratyngedene 


Sussex  County. 


8  Supplied  from  the  Enrolment  of  the  Writs  de   Expensis  in  the  absence  of 
Original  Keturns. 

XXX.  z 


I 


170 


MEMBERS    OF   PARLIAMENT    FOR    SUSSEX. 


Johannes  Eaulot 
Willlelmus  Shipman 

(Radiilpbus)  Pany 
Thomas  de  Shawe 

Willielmus  de  Holind' 
Galfridus  Cocus 

Ricardus  de  Stanstrete 
Johannes  le  Botiler 

Robertas  le  Spicer 
Ricardus  le  Poleter 

Wal terns  Dranek' 
Rogerus  de  Ely 


I  Bramber  and  SteyningBorongh. 

[  Chichester  City. 

[  (East  Grinstead)  Borough. 

I  Horsham  Borough. 

I  Lewes  Borough. 

[  Seaford  Borough. 


17  EchY.  II.  (1323-4). 
Summoned  to    meet    at    Westminster,    20    January, 
1323-4.     Prorogued  to  23  February,  1323-4. 

Michael  de  Picconmbe 


Johannes  de  Ernele  Junr. 

Thomas  de  Padebrok' 
Johannes  Aurifaber 

Johpnncs  de  Boxgrave 
Robertus  de  Elnestede 

"Willielmus  Walewere 
Robertus  le  Spicer 

Ricardus  Josep 
"Willielmus  de  Londenissh 


Sussex  County. 
Arundel  Borough. 
Chichester  City. 
Lewes  Borough. 
Midhurst  Borough. 


18  Edw.  II.  (1324), 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Salisbury   (altered  to  London), 
20  October,  1324.     Two   Knights  or  others   to  be  sent 
from  each  County. 


Lucas  de  "Vyenne,  miles 
Johannes  ate  See^ 


Sussex  County. 


19  Edw.  II.  (1325). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  18  November,  1325. 


Michael  de  Pikcombe,  or 

de  Picombe^ 
Willielmus  de  Preston^ 


Sussex  County. 


*  "  Loco  militis." 


?  Jb. 


lb. 


MEMBERS    OF   PARLIAMENT    FOR    SUSSEX. 


171 


Willielmus  Wodelond 
Johannes 

Ricardus  le  Vesk' 
Ricardns  Herefy 

Johannes  Stub 
Robertas  de  Ehiestede 

Willielmus  atte  8ol(ere)3 
"Willielmus  de  Holy(ndale)- 

Johannes  atte  Doune 
Willielmus  Bosse 

Willielmus  Vivyan 
Thomas  Moraunt 


Arundel  Borough. 

Bramber  and  SteyningBorough. 

Chichester  City. 

East  Grinstead  Borough. 

Seaford  Borough. 

Shoreham  Boroug-h. 


20Edw.  11.(1326-7). 

Summoned   to    meet  at    Westminster,   14  December, 
1326,  and  by  Prorogation,  7  January,  1326-7. 


Edwardus  de  Sancto  Johanne^'^' 
Roorerus  de  Bavent^**  ' 


Sussex  County. 


1  Edw.  III.  (1327). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Lincoln,  15  September,  1327. 


Sussex. 

Nicholaus  Gentil,  the  Sheriff,  thus  endorses  the 
writ — 

"  Istud  breve  mihi  venit  in  Comitatu  Sussex'  die  Lune 
in  vigilia  Nativitatisbeate  Marie  per  quendam  extraneum 
et  nullus  fuit  Comitatus  ante  diem  in  brevi  isto  conten- 
tum  tenendus  et  ideo  electio  militum  nee  breve  istud 
ballivis  civitatum  et  Burgorum  pro  brevitate  temporis 
fieri  non  potuerunt.  Et  ideo  de  executione  istius  brevis 
nihil  actum  est  ad  presens." 


'  Names  torn  off. 


Names  supplied  from  the  Writs  de  Expensis. 


I 


172 


MEMBERS    OF   PAELTAMENT   FOE   SUSSEX. 


2  Edw.  III.  (1327-8). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  York,  7  February,  1327-8. 

Rogerus  de  Bavent 


Johannes  de  Ratyngden' 

Adam  de  Kent 
Adam  le  Chapman 

Willielmus  de  Hurst 
Johannes  atte  Halle 

Radulphns  Bovet 
Johannes  le  Blake 


1 


Sussex  County. 
Bramberand  Steyning  Borough. 
Chichester  City. 
Shoreham  Borough. 


2  Edw.  III.  (1328). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Northampton,  24  April,  1328. 

>      Sussex  County. 


Nicholaus  Gentil 
Johannes  de  Ratingden' 

Rogerus  Hereward 
Thomas  de  Yabeton' 


Hugo  Bonfaumt 
Walterus  Prest 

Johannes  Wyn 
Stephauus  Mucheldcvcre 

Willielmus  Darnel 
Johannes  le  Baker' 

Henricus  de  Whiteweie 
Johannes  Swele 


I  Arundel  Borough. 

C  Bramber  aud  Steyning  Borough. 

t  Chichester  City. 

>  Lewts  Borough. 

y  Shoreham  Borough. 


2  and  3  Edw.  III.  (1328  and  1328-9). 

Summoned  to  meet  at  Salisbury,  16   October,  1328, 
and  adjourned  to  Westminster,  9  February,  1328-9. 

1 


Johannes  de  Ratyndene 
Willielmus  de  Xorthoo 

Thomas  de  Yabeton' 
Rogerus  Hereward 

Robertus  Scolace 
Johannes  Capel 

Johannes  Wyn 
Willielmus  atte  Welle 


Sussex  County. 
>      Arundel  Borough. 
I     Bramber  and  SteyningBorough. 
[      Chichester  City. 


MEMBEES    OF   PARLIAMENT    FOR    SUSSEX. 


173 


Thomas  le  Glovere 
Nicholaus  le  Smyth 

Anselmus  atte  Putte 
Johannes  Swele 


Horsham  Borough. 
Shoreham  Borough. 


4  Edw.  III.  (1329-30). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Wincliester,  11  March,  1329-30. 

Nicholaus  Gentil,  miles 
Johannes  de  Ernele,  miles 

Thomas  de  Yabeton' 
....     Wodelondii 


hii 
11 


I 


Johannes  Wyn 
Willielmus  atte  Welle 

Kadulphus  atte  More 
Martinus  le  Kuynvyere 

Walterus  atte  Markette 
Ricardus  le  Hurt 

Thomas  Snow 
Johannes  Notboys 

Eobertus  Apetot 
Eobertus  le  Kenne 


[      Sussex  County. 

[      Arundel  Borough. 

I    Bramber  and  Steyning  Borough. 


Chichester  City. 
Horsham  Borough. 
Lewes  Borough. 
Midhurst  Borough. 
Shoreham  Borough. 


4  Edw.  Ill,  (1330). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  26  November,  1330. 
Edwardus  de  Sancto  Johanne^^-^ 


I 


Rogerus  de  Kent^^ 

Thomas  de  Yabeton' 
Willielmus  Wodelond 

Johannes  Chapman 
Johannes  le  Frensh 

Johannes  Neel 
Johannes  Botiler 

Thomas  Comyn 
Stephanus  le  Bocher 

Thomas  Snow 
Henricus  Botiler 


i 


Sussex  County. 

Arundel  Borough. 

(Bramber     and      Steyning  ?) 
Borough. 

Horsham  Borough. 
Lewes  Borough. 
Midhurst  Borough. 


"  Names  torn  off.         ^^  Names  supplied  from  the  Writs  de  Expensis. 


174 


MEMBERS    OF   PARLIAIMENT    FOE   SUSSEX. 


5  Edw.  III.  (1331). 

Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,   30  September, 
1331.  ^ 


Nicholaus  GentiP^ 
Willielmus  de  Northo^^ 


Sussex  County. 


6  Edw.  III.  (1331-2). 

Summoned    to    meet    at   Westminster 
1331-2. 


16     March, 


EdwariUis  de  8ancto  Johan  ne 
Thomas  de  Weyvill' 

Willielmus  de  Senebech' 
Ricardus  le  Breware 

Thurstaniis  le  Vesk 
Willielmus  Chaunterel 

Joliannes  Wyn 
Willielmus  atte  Welle 

Johannes  Godefrey 
Johannes  Marchaund 

Thomas  Comyn 

Johannes  Scoteryld'  i 

Johannes  le  Beauuchamp 
Ancelmus  atte  Putte  i 


Sussex  County. 
Arundel  Borough. 
Bramber  Borough. 
Chichester  City. 
Horsham  Borough. 
Lewes  Borough. 
Shoreham  Borough 


6  Edw.  III.  (1332). 
Summoned    to    meet   at   Westminster,   9   September, 


Edwardus  de  Sancto  Johanna' 

Thomas  de  Weyvill'  J 

Robertus  Sulverlok  "j 
Willielmus  Churses 

Robertus  de  Klnestede  "j 

Willielmus  atte  Welle  ( 

Ancelmus  atte  Putte  ] 

Ricardus  Moust  ( 


Sussex  County. 

Bramber  and  Steyuing  Borough. 
Chichester  City. 
Shoreham  Borough, 


Names  supplied  from  the  Writs  de  Expensis, 


I 


MEMBERS    OE    PARLIAMENT    FOR    SUSSEX. 


175 


6  Edw.  III.  (1332). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  York,  4  December 
by  Prorogation  20  January,  1332-3. 

Henricus  de  Westden' 
Thomas  de  Thorp' 

Williehiius  le  Veske 
Johannes  Chapman 

Ancelmus  atte  Putts 
K  Johannes  atte  Grene 


1332,  and 


[■      Sussex  County. 

[•    Bramber  and  Steyning  Borough. 

>      Shoreham  Borough. 


8  Edw.  III.  (1333-4). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  York,  21  February,  1333-4. 

Willielmus  de  Cheyny,  miles  ") 
Henricus  de  Loxle,  miles  C 


Adam  de  Warneknapp' 
Thomas  de  Yabeton' 

Rolandus  de  Chndeham 
Willielmus  atte  Welle 

Robertus     .     .     .     M 


Ricardus  le  Tannere 
Henricus  atte  Wodecote 

Anselmus  atte  Putte 
David  Fynian 


Sussex  County. 
Arundel  Borough. 
Chichester  City. 
Lewes  Borough. 
Midhurst  Borough. 
Shoreham  Borough. 


8  Edw.  III.  (1334). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  19  September,  1334. 

Willielmus  de  Northo^^ 


Henricus  de  Loxle^^ 

Thomas  Hally 
Godefridus  le  Vynour 

Willielmus  de  Petle 
Johannes  Hardyng 

Ricardus  de  Stanstret 
Oliverus  Skyllyng' 

Johannes  Beauchamp' 
Germanus  Hobelyt 


'*  Names  torn  off. 
15  The   Enrolment  of 


the   Writ    de 


[•  Sussex  County. 

>  Bramber  and  Steyning  Borough. 

>  Chichester  City. 

>  Horsham  Borough. 

>  Shoreham  Borough. 

Expensis   gives   Thomas   de   Eure  and 
Willielmus  de  Northo,  senior. 


176 


MEMBEES    OF   PARLIAMENT    FOR    SUSSEX. 


9  Edw.  III.  (1335). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  York,  26  May,  1335. 

Willielmus  de  Northo 
Eogerus  de  Leukenore 


Johannes  Wyn 
Elias  de  Mene 


Sussex  County. 
Chichester  City. 


Summoned 
1335-6. 

Edwardus  de  Sancto  Johanne^^ 
Johannes  de  Boudon^^ 

Johannes  Capel 
Jordanus  de  Blachyngton' 

Johannes  Wyn 
Willielmus  de  Puttie 

Eicardus  le  Gretesmyth 
Robertus  le  Flechiere 

Eobertus  le  Puffare 
Johannes  Beauchanip 


10  Edw.  III.  (1335-6). 
to    meet    at    Westminster, 


11     March, 


Sussex  County. 
Bramberand  Steyning  Borough. 
Chichester  City. 
Horsham  Borough. 
Shoreham  Borough. 


10  Edw.  III.  (1336). 

Summoned  to  meet  at  Nottingham,    23    September, 
1336. 

Johannes  Haket  ")      o  nt       i. 

Willielmus  de  Northo,  junior  j      ^"^^^^  County. 

Eobertus  de  Ludesy 


Eogerus  Hereward 

Johannes  Capel 
Jordanus  Dalekot 

Johannes  Hardyng 
Alanus  de  Boys 

Eobertus  Cok 
Petrus  le  Tumour 

Johannes  de  Beauchamp 
Johannes  atte  Grene 


>•  Arundel  Borough. 

>  Bramberand  Steyning  Borough. 

>  Chichester  City. 
C  Horsham  Borough. 
[■  Shoreham  Borough. 


i«  The  Enrolment  of  the  Writ  de  Expensis  gives  Henricus  Frowyk  and  Edmunduf 
Flambard, 


MEMBERS    OF    PARLIAMENT    FOR    SUSSEX.  177 

10  Edw.  III.  (1336-7). 

Summoned  to  meefc  at  London,  3  January,  1336-7,  by 
the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  and  four  other  Commis- 
sioners in  the  absence  of  the  King.  The  Mayors  and 
Baihffs  of  certain  Towns  are  directed  to  send  three  or 
four  men. 

Johannes  Wyn 

Willielmus  Putlie  J-      Chichester  Town. 


Johannes  Hardyng' 

Writ  only.  Eye  Town. 

Robcrtus  Pnffer 

Thomas  Finian  ^      Shorehaui  Town. 


Simon  I'honte 

Henricus  Vynch 

Stephen  de  Padiliame  [■      Winchelsea  Town. 

Thomas  de  Meidestou 


11  Edw.  III.  (1336-7). 

Summoned  to  meet  at  York,  13  January,  and  by  Pro- 
rogation 9  February,  and  by  further  Prorogation  at 
Westminster,  3  March,  1336-7. 

Willielmus  de  Northo^^  7      o  r^ 

Henricus  de  Loxle^^  |      Sussex  County. 

11  Edw.  Til.  (1337). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  26  September,  1337. 

Robertus  de  Elnestede  ] 

Johannes  de  Stopeham  |      ^"^^^x  County. 

Johannes  Wyn  ")      ni.-  -i      .      m-^ 

Willielmus  de  Putle  |     Chichester  City. 

By  Writs  dated  at  Westminster,  18  August,  11  Edw. 
III.,  the  following  persons  are  summoned  to  attend  this 
Parliament,  viz.  : — 

Edwardus  de   Sancto  Johanne^ 

;  „^'^'''^?,  (      Sussex  County. 

Henricus  Huse  i 

Andreas  Peverol  ) 

"  Supplied  from  the  Writ  de  Expeusis. 


XXX. 


2  a 


173 


MEMBERS    OF    PARLIAMENT    FOB    SUSSEX. 


By  Writs  dated  at  Westminster,  18  August,  11  Edw. 
III.,  the  Mayors  and  Bailiffs  of  eacli  of  the  under- 
mentioned  towns  are  directed  to  send  three  or  four  men 
to  this  Parliament,  and  the  following  were  elected, 
viz.  : — 


Thomas  de  Yabeton' 
Henricus  de  Gate 
Kogerus  Hereward 
No  return  found 
No  return  found 
No  return  found 


Town  of  Arundel. 

Town  of  Chichester, 
.     .     .     Hastings. 
.     .     .     Winchelsea. 


12  Edw.  III.  (1337-8). 
Summoned    to   meet   at   Westminster,    3    February, 
1337-8. 


Hugo  de  Boucy^^ 
Willielnius  de  Wolvercotc^^ 

Henricus  atte  Gate 
Rogerus  Hereward 

Hugo  Bonefaunt 
Adam  Blakeman 


Johannes  Botiller 
Walterus  Randekyn 

Johannes  Beaucliamp 
Johannes  Bernard 


Sussex  County. 
Arundel  Borough. 
Bramber  and  Steyning  Borough. 
(?)  Chichester  City. 
Horsham  Borough. 
Shoreham  Borough. 


12  Edw.  III.  (1338). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Northampton,  26  July,  1338. 

I      Sussex  County. 
>     Chichester  City. 
"  Supplied   from   the    Writ   de    Ex. 


Henricus  Husee^^ 
Willielmus  de  Wolvercote^^ 


Johannes  Hardyng^^ 
Robertus  Bonyng^s 

'*  Supplied   from    the  Enrolment  of 
the  Writ  de  Expensis. 
19  Ibid. 

^^  Names  torn  off. 
2'  Ihid. 


pensis. 
"  Ibid. 
^*  Ibid. 
"  Ibid. 


MEMBERS    OF    PATiLTAMENT    FOR    SUSSEX. 


179 


12  &  13  Edw.  III.  (1338-9). 
SummoDed  to  meet  at  Westminster,  14  January,  and 
by  Prorogation,  3  February,  1338-9. 


Henricuse  Husee 

Edwardus  de  Suncto  Jolianne 

Johannes  Wyn 
Elias  de  Mene 


>  Sussex  County. 

>  Chichester  City. 


13  Edw.  III.  (1339). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  13  October,  1339. 

Thomas  de  Breoiise^^  ") 

Edwardus  de  Sancto  Johanne,  >•      Sussex  County, 
senior  ) 


Jordanus  Dal 
Johannes 

Johannes  Wyn 
Johannes  Hardyng 

Robertus  Piiffare^^ 
Johannes  Bernard^*' 


Brambcr    and     Steyning    Bo- 
rough. 

Cliicliester  City. 
Shoreham  Borough. 


Remainder  of  Return  gone. 


13  Edw.  Ill, 
Summoned   to    meet   at 
1339-40. 

Johannes  de  Felde^^ 
Andreas  Pcverel 

Thomas  de  Yabeton,  junior 
Willielmus  de  Stoke 

Robertus  Soolete 
Jordanus  de  Blachyngton 

Johannes  Wyn 
Willielmus  atte  Well 6^2 

Olivcrus  Skyllyng' 
Willielmus  le  Barbour 

Robertus  le  Puffare 
Johannes  Bernard 

25  Tin.  S.A.C.,  98,  103. 

27  Names  gone. 

2»  Ibid. 

'^  .From  the  Writ  de  Expensis. 


(1339-40). 
Westminster,    20    January, 

[      Sussex  County. 

>  Arundel  Borough. 

>  Bramberaud  Steyning  Borough. 

>  Chichester  City. 

[      Horsham  Borough. 

>•      Shoreham  Borough. 

3"  Ibid. 

31  XI.  S.A.C.,  100. 

*'  XII.  S.A.C.,  30. 


180  MEMBERS    OF    PARLTAAIENT   FOR    SUSSEX. 

14Eclw.  III.  (1340). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  29  Marcli,  1340. 

Hen  liens  Husee  ") 

Edwardus  de  8ancto  Johanne,  >      Sussex  County, 
senior  ) 

Henricus  de  Gate  ")  i  i  t> 

Thomas  de  Yabeton',  junior     j      Arundel  Borongl). 

Eobertus  Scolote  1     r,       ^  i  <-.         •      -r. 

WiUieln.us  Cberse  |     Bramber  and  Steyning  Borough. 

Willielmus  de  Pntle  7      m  •  i  r^- 

Johannes  Harduig  j      Chichester  City. 

Walterus  Randekyn  7      tt      i         -r» 

Oliverus  Skillyng'  j      Horsham  Borough. 

Johannes  Beauchamp'  1      c^       ^         -n, 

Eobertus  le  Poffa.e  j      Shoreham  Borough. 

14  Edw.  in.  (1340). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  "Westminster,  12  July,  1340. 

Edwardus  de  Sancto  Jdhaiiiie  7      c.  r^ 

Thomas  de  Heuere  j      S^^^^^  County. 

15  Edw.  III.  (1341). 

Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  23  April,  1341. 

Willielmus  de  Northo  )       o  r> 

Eobertus  de  Elnestede  \      ^"^^^^  County. 

W     .     .     .    Hul!e33  ) 

apniaii^^  (     Bramber  and  Steyning  Borough. 

Johannes  Wvn  7      /-.i  •  i  y-, 

Johannes  Hardy ng'  j      Chichester  City. 

Johannes  Beauchrmjj'  ") 

Hugo  de  Coumbes  \      bboreliam  Borough. 

17  Edw.  III.  (1343). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  28  April,  1343. 

Johannes  de  Fienles  ") 

Eogerus  de  Leukenore  j      Sussex  County. 

2^  Kames  torn  off.  ^*  Ibid. 


MEMBERS    OF    PARLIAMENT   FOR    SUSSEX. 


181 


18  Edw.  III.  (1344). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  7  June,  1344. 

Andreas  Peverel 
Hugo  de  Boncy 


Sussex  County. 


Henricus  de  Gate 
"Willielmus  de  8    .    .^^ 

Johannes  Chapman 
Johannes  Kapel 

Johannes  Wyn,  junior 
Ricardus  de  Elebrugg' 

Johannes  Boteler 
Walterns  Randekyn 

Johannes  Beuchanmp 
Eobertus  Puffere 


Arundel  Borough. 
Braniber  and  Steyning  Borough. 
Chichester  City. 
Horsham  Borough. 
Shoreham  Borough. 


20  Edw.  III.  (1346). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  11  September,  1346. 

Willielmus  de  Wolvercote 


Eobertus  de  Elnestede 

Henricus  de  Gate 
Adam  Sconefrowe 

Johannes  Cliapman 
Willielmus  Toche 

Johannes  Wyn,  senior 
Johannes  Wyn,  junior 

36 
'  _         37 

Robertus  Puflfere 
Williellmus  L     .     .38 


>  Sussex  County 

>  Arundel  Borough. 

>  Bramher  and  Steyning  Boi-ongh. 

>  Chichester  City. 

>  Horsham  Boi-ongh. 

>  Shoreham  Borough. 


21  Edw.  III.  (1347-8). 

Summoned   to    meet    at   Westminster, 
1347-8. 


Willielmus  de  Cheyny^^ 
Johannes  de  Ernelee^* 


'*  Name  gone. 
»6  Ibid.. 
^^  Ibid. 


14   January, 


V     Sussex  County. 

58  Ibid. 

39  Supplied   irom    the  Writs   de  Ex- 
pens  is. 


182 


MEMBERS    OF   PAELTAMENT    FOE    SUSSEX. 


22  Edw.  III.  (1348). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  "Westminster,  31  March,  1348. 

Sussex  County, 


Jacobus  de  Echyngeham 
Willielmus  de  Northo 


Henricus  de  Gate 
Johannes  de  Eustytone 

Johannes  Chapman 
Gilbertus  le  Fiensshe 

Johannes  Wyn 
Willielmus  le  lieve 

Willielmus  le  Couk 
Johannes  atte  Solere 

Walterus   Randckyn 
Johannes  le  Nywebakere 

Ricardus  Ploket. 
Johannes  Payn 

Johannes  Beauchaump' 
Henricus  le  Poffare 


Arundel  Borough. 
Bramber  and  Steyning  Borough. 
Chichester  City. 
East  Grinstead  Borough. 
Horsham  Borough. 
Lewes  Borough. 
Slioreham  Boroutfh. 


25  Edw.  III.  (1350-1). 

Summoned  to     meet    at    Westminster,    9    February, 
1350-]. 


Andreas  Peverel 
Radulphus  de  Seynt  Oweyn 

Johannes  Hyndeshawe 
Willielmus  de  Stoke 

Pi  card  us  de  Merewe 
Thurstanus  le  Veske 

Elias  de  Meone 
Johannes   Wyn 

Walterus  Randekyn 
Johannes  atte  Nore 

Willielmus  Gardyner 
Willielmus  Darnel 

Thomas  da  Chudyngfolde 
Thomas  Boghiere 

Johannes  Bernard 
Thomas  Fynyan 


Sussex  County. 
Arundel  Borough. 
Braiuberand  Steyning  Borough. 
Chichester  City, 
Horsham  Borough. 
Lewes  Borough. 
Midhursfc  Borough. 
Shoreham  Borough. 


MEMBERS    OF    PARLIAMENT    FOR    SUSSEX.  183 

25  Edw.  III.  (1351-2). 

Summoned    to    meet     at   Westminster,    13    January, 
1351-2. 

Robertus  de  Hal  sham**'  1       o  n 

Radulphus  de  Sejatoweyu^o     /      ^'^^^^^  Coiiaty. 


26  Edw.  III.  (1352). 

Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  16  August, 
1352. 

The  Sheriffs  to  send  one  Kniglit  from  each  County, 
the  Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports  two  Barons,  and  the 
Mayors  and  Bailiffs  of  certain  other  places  one  Citizen 
or  one  Burgess. 

Robertus  de  Halsham Sussex  County. 

Johannes  Hardyng' Chichester  City, 


27  Edw.  III.  (1353). 

Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  23  September, 
1353. 

The  Sheriffs  are  directed  to  send  one  Knight  from 
each  County,  the  Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports  one 
Baron  from  each  Port,  and  the  Mayors  and  Bailiffs  of 
certain  places  two  Citizens  or  Burgesses. 

Andreas  Peverel  Sussex  County. 

No  return  found  Chichester  City. 

28  Edw.  III.  (1354). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster  28  April,  1354. 

Andreas  Peverel  )      o  /-<       . 

Willielnius  de  Northoo  j      ^"ss^^  <^«"°*y- 

Thomas  Warnecamp'  )  ,  i  -r,  i 

^\illielmus  Stoke  |     Arundel  Borough. 

Johannes  Wyn  1      ^,  .  ,      ^      ^.^ 

Elias  de  Mene  j      Chichester  City. 

*"  Supplied  from  the  Writs  de  Expensis. 


184 


MEMBERS    OF    PARLIAMENT    FOR   SUSSEX. 


Tliomas  Eous 
Willielmus  le  Couk 

Johannes  Randolf 
Walterus  Randekyn 

Willielmus  Darnel 
Willielmus  Gardiner 

Thomas  Chudyngfolde 
Williehniis  de  Exton' 

Walterus  Woxebrugge 
Thomas  Finyan 


East  Grinstead  Borough. 
Horsham  Borough. 
Lewes  Borough. 
Midhurst  Borough. 
Shoreham  Borough, 


29  Edw. 

Summoned  to  meet  at 
]355,  and  bj  Prorogation, 

Andreas  Pevercl 
Robertus  de  Halshani 

Thomas  Warnecampe 
Laurenclus  Buriere 

Thurstanus  le  Veske 
Johannes  atte  HuUe 

Johannes  Gardyner 
Johannes  Page 

Willielmus  Couk 
Thomas  Rous 

Johannes  Randolf 
Walterus  Randekyn 

Willielmus  Darnel 
Willielmus  Gardiner 

Johannes   Bernard 
Walterus  Bailifl" 


III.  (1355). 

Westminster,    12    November, 
23  November,  1355. 

[■      Sussex  County. 

>  Arundel  Borough. 

[•  Bramberand  Steyning  Borough. 

>  Chichester  City. 

>  East  Grinstead  Borough. 
[•  Horsham  Borough. 

t      Lewes  Borough. 

>  Shoreham  Borough. 


31  Edw.  III.  (1357). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  17  April,  1357. 


Robertus  de  Halsham 
Andreas  Peverel 

Walterus  Woxebrugg 
Thomas  Fynyan 


Sussex  County. 
Shoreham  Borough. 


MEMBEES    OF    TARLIAMENT    FOR    SUSSEX. 


185 


32  Edw.  III.  (1357-8). 
Summoued  to  meet  at  "Westminster,  5  February,  1357-8 

Andreas  Peverel  j 


Thomas  de  Hoo 

Johannes  Hampsted' 
Thomas  Mercer 

Johannes  atte  Hull' 
Johannes  Cockou 

Rogerus  Cheyne 
Johannes  Page    ^ 

Willielmus  Couk 
Thomas  Rous 

Robertus  lo  Frensshe 
Rogerus  Spicer 

Robertus  atte  Brouke 
Ricardus  Crompe 

Thomas  Chndyngfold' 
Henricus  Exton' 

Thomas  Bokyngham 
Willielmus  Snellyng' 


} 


Sussex  County. 
Arundel  Borough. 
Bramber  and  Steyning  Borough. 
Chichester  City. 
East  Grrinstead  Borough. 
Horsham  Borough. 
Lewes  Borough. 
Midhurst  Borough. 
Shoreham  Borough. 


34  Edw.  III.  (1360). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  15  May,  1360. 

Johannes  de  Bohoun  ") 


Rogerus  de  Dalyngmgge 

Robertus  Wildebrigge 
Laurencius  Bury  are 

Johannes  atte  Hull' 
Johannes  Pacchyng' 

Rogerus  Clienney 
Willielmus  Mondeham 

Thomas  Rous 
Johannes  Alfray 

Robertus  le  Frensshe 
Walterus  Randekyn 

Thomas  Lyndefelde 
Willielmus  Bocher 

Willi  el  nins  Sherston 
Willielmus  Tailluur 

Johannes  Bernard 
Waltenxs  BailijBf 


Sussex  County. 
>      Arundel  Borough. 
[■     Bramber  and  Steyning  Borough. 


Chichester  City. 
East  Grinstead  Borough. 
Horsham  Borough. 
Lewes  Borough. 
Midhurst  Borough. 


Shoreham  Borough. 


XXX. 


i:  ji 


186 


MEMBERS    OF    PARLIAMENT    FOE    SUSSEX. 


34  Edw.  III.  (1360-1). 
Suramoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  2t  January,  1360-1. 

Andreas  de  Sakevill'  )      c.  /-i       . 

>  bussex  County. 

i     Arundel  Borough, 

>  Bramberand  Steyning  Borough. 

>  Chichester  City. 
>■      East  Grinstead  Borough. 

Horsham  Borough. 


Andreas  Peverel,  senior 

Johannes  de  Cosham 
Johannes  de  Hampstede 

Johannes  atte  Hulle 
Eogerus  Kobbe 

"Willielmus  Cheyne 
Nicholaus  de  Benton' 

Thomas  Rous 
Johannes  Alfray 

Walterus  Kandckyn 
Robertus  Frenssh 

Ricardus  Ferour,  de  Lewes 
Thomas  Lyndefeld 

Willielmus  Tailldur 
Henricus  Bohun 

Johannes  Bernard 
Walterus  Woxebrugge 


Lewes  Borough. 
Midhurst  Borough. 
Shoreham  Borough. 


36  Edw.  III.  (1362). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  13-October,  1362. 


Rogerus  Dalynggei-ugge 
Robertus  de  Ilalsham 


41 

42 


Johannes  Haiikere 

Rogerus  Cheyne'*^ 

Gregorius  atte  Hole 
Johannes  Alfray 

(Walterus)  Randekyn 
Robertus  Frenssh' 

Robertus  Norton' 
Willielmus  iSwon 

Thomas  Fynyan 
Thomas  Bukyngham 

■<i  Names  torn  off. 

^-  Ibid. 


1 


Sussex  County 
^      Arundel  Borough, 

>  Chichester  City. 

>  East  Grinstead  Borough. 
^      Horsham  Borough. 

Lcwcs  Borough. 
Shoreham  Borough. 


"  Supplied   from  the   Writ  de  Ex- 
peusis. 


MEMBERS    OF    PARLIAMENT    FOR    SUSSEX. 


187 


Summoned 
1363. 


37  Edw.  III.  (1363). 
to     meet   at    "Westminster,    6     October, 


Rogerus  Dalyngerugge 
Eobertus  de  Halsham 

Thomas  Waniecamp' 
Jobaimos  Hampstede 

Rogerus  Cheyne 
Galfridus  Hebbe 

Gregorius  atte  Hole 
Johannes  Alfray 

Walteriis  Randekyn 
Henricus  Grauntford' 

Willielnius  Spicer 
Thomas  Norays 

Johannes  Bernard 
Willielmus  Snellyng 


t  Sussex  County. 

L  Arundel  Borough. 

I  Chichester  City. 

I  East  Grinstead  Borough. 

i  Horsham  Borough. 

I  Lewes  Borough. 

I  Shorehaui  Borough. 


38  Edw.  III.  (1364-5). 
Summoned     to    meet    at    Westminster,    20    January, 
1364-5. 


Andreas  Sakevyll'*^ 
Petrus  atte  Wode^^ 

Rogerus  Cheyne*^ 
Rogerus  de  Raketon'^^ 

Gregorius  at*-e   Hole 
.     .     .     Holynilale^ 


j.      Sussex  County. 

I      Chichester  City. 

I     East  Grinstead  Borough. 


40  Edw.  III.  (1366). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  4  May,  1366. 


Andreas  Peverel 
Johannes  Weyvile 

Johannes  Cosham 
Thomas  Hermer 


I      Sussex  County. 
I     Arundel  Boron  ^^h. 


"  Supplied  from    the  Writ    de  Ex- 


pensia. 
"  Jbid. 


■16  Ibid. 
"  Ibid. 
**  Name  torn  off. 


188 


MEMBERS    OF   PARLIAMENT    FOR    SUSSEX. 


Eogerus  Cheyne 
Robertus  Blondel 

Gregorius  atte  Hole 
Ricardus  Clerk' 

Robertus  Frenssh 
Henricus  Grauntford 

Willielnius  Boteller 
Stepbaiius  Holte 

Johannes  Colfyn 
Hugo  atte  Reed 

Radulpbus  Iver 
Willielmus  Snellyng 


Cliicbester  City. 

>  East  Grinstead  Borough. 

>  Horsham  Borough. 

>  Lewes  Borough. 

>  Seaford  Borough. 

>  Shoreham  Borough. 


Cinque  Ports. 


Willielmus  Hinkman 
Johannes  Thurbaru' 

Willielmus  Taillour 
Ricardus  Baddyng' 

Vincentius  Fynch' 
Thomas  Sibbe 


Hastings. 
Rye. 

Winchelsea. 


42  Edw.  III.  (1368). 
Summoned  to  meet  at  Westminster,  1  May, 


1368. 


Johannes  Waleys 
Andreas  Sakeville 
Johannes  Cosham 
Thomas  Horemere 

Johannes  atte  Hulls 
Willielmus  Hersen 

Johannes  Wynnegod^' 
Rogerus  Cheyne*^ 

Gregorius  atte  Hole 
Johannes  Alfray 

Walterus  Randekyn 
Oliverus  Gyngynere  or 
Gyngymere 

*^  The  Enrolment    of    the   Writ    de 
Expensis    gives    Johannes   Goldsmyth' 


Sussex  County. 

Arundel  Borough. 

Bramberaud  Steyning  Borough. 

Chichester  City. 

East  Grinstead  Borough. 

Horsham  Borough. 


and    Ricardus   Xorton',    in  error,  they 
being  returned  for  Worcester  City. 


MEMBEES    OF    PARLIAMENT   FOR    SUSSEX. 


189 


Kobertus  York 
Eobertus  Norton 

Johannes  Bernard 
Johannes  Barbour 


Lewes  Borough. 
Shoreham  Borough. 


Cinque  Ports. 


Johannes  Thorebarn 
Walterus  Walderne 

Willielmus  Taillour 
Eicardus  Buddyng 

Osbertus  Botertok' 
Kobertus  London eys 


Hastings. 
Rye. 

Wmchelsea. 


(To  he  continued). 


EXTEACT  FROM  THE  RETURN  OF  MEMBEES 
OF   PARLIAMENT  1290-1702. 

Ordered    hy    the    House  of   Cowmons  to    he  printed 
1  March,  1878. 


By   LIEUT.-COLONEL  SIR  WALTER   B.    BARTTELOT, 

BART.,  M.P. 


The  following  information  may  be  deemed  interesting,  in 
addition  to  that  given  by  Mr.  Stenning  in  the  pre- 
ceding paper,  of  the  eight  Sussex  families — whose 
names  are  mentioned  by  Mr.  Evelyn  Philip  Shirley, 
in  his  "  Noble  and  Gentle  Men  of  England,"  as 
having  been  in  Sussex  before  Henry  VJII. — who,  or 
whose  branches  have,  as  far  as  I  can  learn,  served  as 
Members  of  Parliament  for  any  County  or  Borough 
in  England  from  1290  to  1702,  as  shown  by  the 
same  Parliamentary  return  from  which  Mr.  Stenning 
has  compiled  his  lists.  I  should  observe,  with 
reference  to  the  lists  of  Ashburnbam,  Barttelot, 
Courthope,  Gage,  Goring,  Shelley,  and  West,  that 
the  frst  mode  of  spelling  their  names  is  that  by 
which  the  Returning  Officer  returned  them;  the 
second,  that  adopted  by  those  families  themselves. 
Pelham  alone  has  remained  the  same  throughout. 


EXTRACT  FROM  THE  RETURN  OF  MEMBERS  OF  PARLIAMENT.    191 

ASHBURNHAM. 

Thomas    de   (Assheburn') 

Ashburnham  ...  Nottingbam  County...       1340 

Robertus  de  (Assheburn') 

Ashburnham  ...  Derby  Co anty  ...       1342 

Robertus  de  (Assheburn'; 

Ashburnham  ...  Derby  County  ...   1347-8 

Johannes  (Assbeburnham)^ 

Ashburnham  ...  Sussex  County  ...   1396-7 

Johannes  (Assheburnham)^ 

Ashburnham  ...  Sussex  County  ...   1397-8 

Johannes  (Asheburneham, 

armiger) Ashburnham...  Sussex  County  ...       1554 

Adam  (Ashbornham,  esq.) 

Asbburnbam  ...  Winchelsea  (Cinque 

Port)  ...       1592 

William    (Asheborneham, 

esq.)  Ashburnham      ...  Ludgershall   Borough 
^  (Wilts)  ...       1640 

John  Ashburnham,  esq....  Sussex  County  ...       166 L 

John  Ashburnham,  esq....  Hastings       (Cinque 

Port)  ...  1678-9 

John  Ashburnham,  esq. . . .  H  astings      (Cin  que 

Port)  ...       1679 

Sir  Denny  Ashburnham, 

bart. 
John  Ashburoham    esq.  f   Hastings       (Cinque 

(who    was    called    to  >       Port)  ...       1685 

the  Upper  House  as  ' 
i      Baron    Ashburnham, 

of  Ashburnham) 
t  William  Ashburnham,  esq.  Hastings       (Cinque 
I  Port)  ...       1702 

BARTTELOT. 

Simon       (Bertelot) 

Barttelot  ...    Canterbury  City  ...       1298 

^  Loco  militis. 


192    EXTRACT  FEOM  THE  RETURN  OF  MEMBERS  OF  PARLIAMENT. 


Simon       (Bartelot) 

Barttelot 
Simon       (Bertelot) 

Barttelot 
Johannes  (Bartelot) 

Barttelot 
Simon    (Barthellot) 

Barttelot 
Simon       (Bartelot) 

Barttelot 
Johannes  de  Stope- 

ham 
Johannes  (Bertelot) 

Barttelot 
Henricus     (Bertlot) 

Barttelot 
Henricus  (Bertelot) 

Barttelot 
Robertas  (Bartelot) 

Barttelot 
Robertus  (Bartelot) 

Barttelot 
Johannes  (Bartelot) 

Barttelot 
Thomas    (Bartelot) 

Barttelot 
Thomas    (Bartelot) 

Barttelot 
Walter       (Bartlett, 

esq.)  Barttelot^.. 
Walter       (Bartlett, 

esq.)  Barttelot  ... 


Canterbury  City 
Canterbury  City 
Berkhampstead  Borough 
Canterbury  City 
Canterbury  City 
Sussex  County 
Rye  (Cinque  Port) 
Bath  City 
Bath  City 
Canterbury  City 
Canterbury  City 
Sussex  County 
Ludgershall  Borough 
Midhurst  Borough 
Bramber  Borough 
Bramber  Borough 


COURTHOPE. 


Willielmus  Courthope 
Willielmus  Courthope 
Willielmus  Courthope 
Willielmus  Courthope 


Hastings  Borough  ., 

Hastings  Borough  ., 

Hastings  Borough  . 

Hastings  Borough  ., 


Name  supplied  from  the  Crown  OflBce  List. 


EXTRACT  FROM  THE  RETURN  OF  MEMBERS  OF  PARLIAMENT.    193 


George  (Courthoppe,  esq.) 

Courtliope  ...   East  Grinstead 

Boroug'li 
John  Courthope,  esq.     ...  Bramber  Borough    . 


1661 
1698 


GAGE. 

Mauricius  (Gages)  Gage  ...  Tavistock  Borough. 
Mauricius  (Gages)  Gage  ...  Tavistock  Borough 
Mauricius  (Gages)  Gage^. . .  Tavistock  Borough. 
Robert  Gage,  geut.  ...   Lewes  Borough 

Johannes  Gage,  esquier  ...   Lewes  Borough 


I 


1337-8 
1339 
1346 
1554 

1557-8 


PC                                  GORING. 

Johannes  (Goryng  '  gentil- 

man  ')  Goring 

Sussex  County 

.      1467 

Sir       William       (Goryng, 

knyght,)  Goring 

Sussex  County 

.      1547 

George      (Goringe,       esq.) 

Goring 

Lewes  Borough 

.  1562-3 

George     (Goringe,      junr., 

Esq.)  Goring 

Lewes  Borough 

.  1592-3 

George      (Goringe,      esq.) 

Goring 

Lewes  Borough*     .. 

.      1601 

Sir  George  Goring,  kn*-    ... 

Lewes  Borough 

.  1620-1 

Sir  George  (Goringe,   kn*) 

Goring 

Stamford  Borough . . 

.  1623-4 

Sir  George  (Goringe,   kn*- ) 

Goring 

Lewes  Borough     .. 

1623-4 

Sir  George  (Goringe,  kn*) 

Goring 

Lewes  Borough 

.       1625 

Sir    Edward     Goring,   kn*-  St.  Albans  Borough  1625-6 
Sir       George        (Goringe, 

Knight),  Goring  ...  Lewes  Borough     ...  1625-6 

Sir  William  Goring,  bart. .. ,  Sussex  County       ...  1627-8 

Sir  George  Goriug,  kn**  ...  Lewes  Borough     ...  1627-8 


*  Name  uncertain. 
XXX. 


*  Name  supplied  from  the  Crown  Office  List. 

2  0 


394   EXTRACT  FROM  THE  RETURN  OF  MEMBERS  OP  PARLIAMENT. 

Henry       (Goringe,      esq.) 

Goring,  of  Hidown       ...   Arundel  Borough  ...       1640 
Henry     Goring,    esq.,     of 

Highdown^  ...   Sussex  County       ...       1660 

Percy       (Goringe,       esq.) 

Goring  ...   Bramber Borough .. ,       1661 

Henry      (Goreinge,     esq.) 

Goring  ...   Sfceyning Borough...       1661 

Henry  Goring,  junr.,    esq.  New       Shoreham 

Borough  ...       1672 

Henry      (Goreing,       esq.) 

Goring  ...   Bramber  Borough...   1678-9 

Sir    Henry     Goring,   bar*    Steyning  Borough...   1678-9 
Henry      (Goringe,       esq.) 

Goring  ...   Bramber  Borough...       1679 

Peircy   (Goreinge,    esq.)■^ 

TT        ^/n       •  "\r    Bramber  Borough.. 

Henry  (Goreinge,    esq.)  V  ° 

Goring  ...  J 

Sir  Henry  (Goremg,  bar*-) 

Goring  ...   Sussex  County 

Henry     (Goreinge,  esq.) 

Goring  ...   Steyning  Borough.. 

Charles  Goring,  junior,  esq.  Bramber  Borough.. 
Charles  Goring,  esq.         ...   Steyning  Borough.. 

Charles     (Goreing,  esq.) 

Goring  ...   Steyning  Borough.. 

Charles      (Goreing,  esq.) 

Goring  . . .   Steyning  Borough . . 


1680-1 


PELHAM. 


Johannes 
Johannes 
Johannes 
Johannes 
Johannes 
Johannes 
Johannes 


Pelham 
Pel  ham 

Pelham,  chivaler 
Pelham,  chivaler 
Pelham,  chivaler 
Pelham,  chivaler 
Pelham,  miles 


Sussex 
Sussex 
Sussex 
Sussex 
Sussex 
Sussex 
Sussex 


County 
County 
County 
County 
County 
County 
County 


*  Eetumed  also  for  Steyning,  but  elected  to  serve  for  the  County. 


EXTRACT  FROM  THE  EETURN  OF  MEMBERS  OF  PARLIAMENT.    195 


Johannes  Pelham,  chivaler... 
Nicholaus  Pelham 
Nicholaus  Pelham,  miles    ... 
Thomas  Pelham 
William  Pelham 
Edmund  Pelham 

Henry  Pelham,  gent., 

Thomas  Pelham 

Henry  Pelham,  esq. 

Thomas  Pellmm,  esq. 
Henry  Pelham,  esq. 

Sir  Thomas  Pelham,  bart.... 
Henry  Pelham,  esq. 

Sir  Thomas  Pelham,  bart.... 
Sir  Thomas  Pelham,  bart.... 
John  Pelham,  esq. 

Peregrine  Pelham,  gent.     ... 

Sir  Thomas  Pelham,  bart.... 
Sir  John  Pelham,  bart. 
Sir  John  Pelham,  bart. 
Thomas  Pelham,  esq. 

Sir  Nicholas  Pelham 

Sir  John  Pelham,  bart. 
Thomas  Pelham 

Sir  John  Pelham,  bart.,      . . . 
Sir  Nicholas  Pelham,  knight 
Thomas  Pelham,  esq. 
George  Pelham,  esq. 


Sussex  County     ... 

1427 

Arundel  Borough . . . 

1547 

Sussex  County     ... 

1557-8 

Sussex  County     ... 

1586 

Lincoln  County  ... 

1597 

Hastings     (Cinque 

Port) 

1597 

Great      Grimsby 

Borough 

1620-1 

East     Grinstead 

Borough 

1620-1 

Great      Grimsby 

Borough 

1623-4 

Sussex  County     ... 

1623-4 

Great      Grimsby 

Borough 

1625 

Sussex  County    ... 

1625 

Great      Grimsby 

Borough 

1625-6 

Sussex  County     ... 

1639 

Sussex  County     ... 

1640 

Hastings  (Cinque 

Port) 

1640 

Kingston-on-Hull 

Borough 

1640-1 

Sussex  County     ... 

1654 

Sussex  County     ... 

1656 

Sussex  County     ... 

1660 

East     Grinstead 

Borough 

1678 

Seaford    (Cinque 

Port) 

1670-1 

Sussex  County     .. 

1678-9 

Bast      Grinstead 

Borough 

1678-9 

Sussex  County     .. 

1679 

Sussex  County     .. 

1679 

Lewes  Borough   ... 

1679 

Great     Grimsby 

Borough 

.  1680-1 

196   EXTRACT  FROM  THE  RETURN  OF  MEMBERS  OF  PARLTAMENT. 


Tliomas  Pelham,  esq. 
Thomas  Pelham,  esq. 
Sir  John  Pelham,  bart. 
Thomas  Pelham,  esq. 
Sir  Nicholas  Pelham,  Knt. 

Sir  John  Pelham,  bart. 
Thomas  Pelham,  esq. 
Henry  Pelham,  esq. 

Sir  John  Pelham,  Knt. 
Thomas  Pelham,  esq. 
Henry  Pelham,  esq. 
Thomas  Pelham,  esq. 
Henry  Pelham,  esq. 
Thomas  Pelham,  esq. 
Thomas  Pelham,  esq. 
Henry  Pelham,  esq. 
Thomas  Pelham,  esq.^ 
Sir  Nicholas  Pelham,  Knt. 


Lewes  Borough  ...  1680-1 
Lewes  Borough  ...  1685 
Sussex  County  ...  1688-9 
Lewes  Borough  ...  1688-9 
Seaford    (Cinque 

Port)  ...   1688-9 

Sussex  County  ...1689-90 
Lewes  Borough  ...1689-90 
Seaford    (Cinque 

Port)  ...1689-90 

Sussex  County     ...       1695 

Lewes  Borough     ...     1695 

Lewes  Borough     ...     1698 

Lewes  Borough    ...  1700-1* 

Lewes  Borough    ...       1701, 

Sussex  County  ...  1702 
Lewes  Borough    ...       1702 


SHELLEY. 


Thomas  (Shelle)  Shelley  ... 
Thomas  (Shelle)  Shelley  ... 
Johannes  (Shelle)  Shelley... 
Johannes  (Shelle)  Shelley... 
Johannes  (Shelle)  Shelley... 

Johannes  (Shelle)  Shelley... 

Henry  Shelley^ 
Henry  ( Shelly e,  esq.)  Shelley 
Henry  Shelley,  esq.® 
Henry  Shelley,  esq. 

*  Returned  also  for  Lewes,  but  elected 
to  seive  for  the  County, 


Bucks  County 

1396-7 

Bucks  County 

1398 

Eye  (Cinque  Port) 

1409 

Rye   (Cinque  Port) 

1422 

Sandwich     (Cinque 

Port) 

1425 

Sandwich    (Cinque 

Port) 

1435 

Steyning    Borough 

1586 

Bramber    Borough 

1603-4 

Lewes  Borough    ... 

1640 

Lewes  Borough   ... 

1654 

7  Name    supplied     from    1 

he  Crown 

Office  List. 

«  lb. 

EXTRACT  FEOM  THE  EETXJRN  OF  MEMBERS  OF  PARLIAMENT.    197 


WEST,  OR  LA  WARRE. 


Thomas  West 

Warwick  County 

1323-4 

Thomas  West  (miles) 

Wilts  County 

1364-5 

Henricus         (Weste) 

West 

Bedford  Borough 

1377 

Ricardus  del  West'... 

Derby  Borough 

1380 

Johannes  West 

Winchester  City 

1389-90 

Henricus  West 

Bedford  Borough 

1391 

Thomas  West 

Lostwithiel        Borough 

Cornwall 

1417 

Johannes  West 

Malmesbury  Borough  \ 

1422 

Johannes  West 

Malmesbury  Borough  i 

1423 

Johannes  West 

Malmesbury  Borough  f    m 

1427 

Johannes  West 

Malmesbury  Borough  >  g 

1430-1 

Johannes  West 

Malmesbury  Borough  (  ^ 

1432 

Johannes  West 

Malmesbury  Borough  \ 

1433 

Johannes  West 

Malmesbury  Borough  J 

1435 

Thomas  West 

Lostwithiel,  Cornwall 

1448-9 

Robertus  West 

Malmesbury  Borough 

1448-9 

Johannes  West 

Malmesbury  Borough 

1450 

Leonard         West, 

esquyer 

New  Shoreham  Borough . . . 

1554 

Thomas        (Weste 

esq.)  West 

East     Looe      Borough, 

Cornwall 

1572 

Thomas  West,  esq.^. . . 

Yarmouth         Borough, 

Southampton 

1586 

Hon.    Charles    West 

(son    and    heir    of 

Charles  Lord  Dela- 

warr) 

Andover  Borough 

1680-1 

3  Name  supplied  from  the  Crown  Office  List. 


INDEX   OF   ILLUSTRATIONS 
S.A.C.  VOLS.  L-XXX. 


By  J.  HOEACE  ROUND,  ESQ. 


Old  Cottage  in  the  Street  at  West  Tarring. 

It  is  now  generally  acknowledged  that  the  value  of 
works  of  Keference,  especially  of  those  on  archaeolo- 
gical subjects,  is  greatly  increased  by  the  addition 
of  a  good   Index,  and  this  has  conspicuously  been 


INDEX    OF   ILLUSTRATIONS. 


199 


found  to  be  so,  in  the  case  of  our  own  Collections, 
witli  Mr,  Campkin's  most  useful  Index  Volume. 
But  no  Index  of  Illustrations  has  yet  appeared. 
It  has,  therefore,  been  suggested  to  me  by  the 
Editor  that  to  extend  that  idea  to  the  very  nume- 
rous Illustrations  which  lie  scattered  through  our 
volumes,  and  to  frame  an  Index  of  them,  would  be 
almost  equally  desirable,  and  prove  acceptable  to 
the  Members  of  the  Society,  and  that  the  com- 
pletion of  Volume  XXX.  forms  a  convenient  land- 
mark and  reason  for  producing  such  an  Index  this 
year.  I  have  accordingly  had  much  pleasure  in 
undertaking  the  task. 

N.B. — The  small   'f  prefixed  to  a  page    means  'faces'    it.     Other- 

Ivpise,  tlie  Illustration  is  understood  to  be  on  the  page  stated. 


Akehurst,  token  of  Mary 
Aldrington  Church,  ruins  of 
Alfriston,  plan  of  a  barrow  at    ... 

,,         position  of  a  Skeleton  in  barrow 
at 

I,,         market  Cross  at 
,,         curious  Implements  found  at 
„  Star  Inn  at  ... 

,,         heraldic  carving  in  Star  Inn 
„         urns  found  at 
Amberley,  road  book  plan 

(,,         Castle  and  Church,  plan  of 
,,  ,,       gateway  of 

„  ,,       the  Queen's  room 

,,  ,,      armorial     decorations    in 

Queen's  room 
Anchor,  ancient  British 

„  ,,        wooden 

Ansty,  arms  of 

Appledram,  Ryman's  tower  at    ... 
Ardingly  Church,  brass  in  .... 


Vol. 

Page 

XI. 

171 

XII.  f.  118 

XXII. 

68 

lb. 

70 

X. 

183 

Y. 

201 

IV.  f. 

309 

lb. 

311 

II. 

270 

XVII. 

186 

lb.  f. 

225 

lb. 

185 

Tb. 

202 

lb.  f. 

204 

XVIII. 

61 

X. 

150 

XXX.  f. 

137 

XVIII. 

78 

11.  f.  311 

200  INDEX    OF   ILLUSTRATIONS. 

Vol.  Page 

Ar 


^ms — 

„  Anstj     ... 

XXX.  f.  137 

„  Ashburnham 

Yl.f.  76,  XXIV.         2 

„  Baker     ... 

...XXVI.     266 

„  Barttelot 

...XXIV.       14 

„  Bavent  de 

V.         4 

„  Beche     ... 

...     XIV.f.233 

„  Bodiam  de 

...IX.  277,  298 

,,  Bohun  de 

XX.       22 

„  Bolney    ... 

...   XXV.     103 

„  Bonville 

...     XV.        57 

„  Boxhiille,  de 

...      VI.  f.    77 

„  Braose,  or  de  Braose 

V.  5,  VTII.      102 

,,  Brerabre 

...      VI.  i    77 

„  Bromfield 

...  XIV.  f.  233 

„  Calverley 

lb. 

„  Cheyney 

...  XXV.      108 

„  Churcliar 

...  XIV.  f.  233 

„  Clifford  (2) 

VI.  f.    77 

„  Colbrand 

...       lb.  f.    76 

„  Copyn  (?  Cobden) 

...       lb. 

„  Courthope 

...    VI.  f.  76,  XXIV.  15 

„  Cowper  ... 

VI.  f.    77 

„  Cralle     ... 

...XXV.      110 

„  Crutterden 

...      VI.  f.     76 

„  Dalyngruge            ...       IX. 

286,  287,  298,  XIII.  221 

„  De  Bavent  (see  Bavent). 

J,  De  Boxhulle  (see  BoxhuUe 

). 

„  De  Braose  (see  Braose). 

„  De  Pechels  (see  Pechels). 

„  De  Yere  (see  Vere). 

„  Devenish 

...XXV.      106 

„  East  Grinstead 

XXII.      225 

„  Echingham  (2) 

...    VI.  f.  77,  XXX.  145 

„  Eversfield 

lb.  f.    76 

»  ^^gg       

V.        26 

„  French   ... 

...  XIV.  f.  233 

„  Fuller     ... 

XXV.      102 

„  Gage 

XXIV.        12 

„  Gilderidge 

VI.  f.    77. 

INDEX    OF    ILLUSTRATIONS.  201 

Vol.  Page 


Arms — 

„  Goring  ... 

•  •  ■ 

V.  27,  VI. 

f.  77,  XXIV.  4 

„  Harrison 

•  «  • 

...    VII.       132 

„  Henry  VII. 

•  •  « 

•  ■  • 

XXIII.        44 

„  Hodgson 

•  •  • 

...       IV.  f.  291 

„  Holman 

... 

...XXV.      105 

„  Hurdis   ... 

... 

... 

...    VII.      134 

„  Isted 

... 

... 

...      IV.  f.  291 

„  Jefferay... 

... 

...  Vl.f. 

77,  XIV.  f.  233 

„  Lewknor 

•  •  • 

III.  92,  IX.  292 

„  Lunsford 

... 

Z  VI. 

f.  76,  XXIV.  19 

„  Luxford  (2) 

•  •  « 

• .  • 

...     lb. 

„  Maminot  and 

Say 

•  •  • 

...      Vl.f.    77 

„  Margesson 

• .  • 

XXVI.      264 

„  Miller     ... 

•  •  a 

• .  • 

...  XIV.  f.  233 

„  Mylward 

•  •  a 

•  •  • 

...       lb. 

„  Newburg 

•  •  • 

•  •  • 

...      VI.  f.    77 

,.  Newton  ... 

... 

... 

...      IX.      339 

„  Noyes     ... 

>  >  •  . 

•  •  • 

...       lb.      340 

„  Ore 

•  •  • 

•  •  ■ 

...    VI.  f.      77 

„  Oxenbridge 

•  •  • 

. .  • 

XXIV.        20 

„  Parker    ... 

•  •  t 

•  •  • 

...      Vl.f.    77 

„  Pechell  .., 

... 

... 

XXVI.      148 

„  Pecliels  (de) 

. . . 

.. . 

....       lb. 

„  Peckham  of  Arches 

...      IV.  f.  291 

„  Pelham  ... 

...       Ill 

.  2T3,  VIII.  172,  XXIV.  5 

„  Penhurst 

... 

...      VI.  f.    76 

„  Penkhurst 

... 

...       lb. 

„  Pepplesham 

, . . 

...XXX.  f.  137 

„  Pierpoint 

. . . 

...      Vl.f.    77 

„  Playsted 

...       lb.  f.    76 

„  Poynings    (Baron) 

... 

...     XV.        14 

„  Radmeld 

• ». 

. . . 

...  XXX.  f.  137 

„  E-andoll ... 

... 

... 

...      VI.  f.    76 

„  Ridge     ... 

•  •  • 

... 

XXIX.      149 

„  Ryman  (2) 

. . . 

XVIII.  f.    80 

„  Sackville 

•  •  • 

...VI.  f. 

77,  XIV.  f.  233 

>.   „  Scrase    ... 

... 

...      VIII.  1,  XXIV.  17 

'    „  Selden    ... 

:::r:i.     266 

„  Sergison  (and 

XXX. 

Warden) 

... 

...XXV.  f.    84 

2d 

202 


INDEX    OF    ILLUSTEATIONS. 


Vol. 


Page 


Arms — 

„  Shelley   ... 

XXIY.         9 

„  Shirley  ...              ...              ...          V 

.  7,  XIY.  f.  233 

„  Shovelstrode 

...XXX.  f.  137 

,,  Stapley  ... 

...      lY.  f.  291 

„  St.  Leger 

...      YI.  f.    11 

„   Stone 

...      lY.  f.  291 

„  Stopham  (2) 

...      YI.  f.    76 

„  Sussex   ... 

XXIY.        24 

„  Torel      ... 

...  XIV.  f.  233 

„  Turner  ... 

...  XXY.  f.  217 

„  Yere  de 

...       YI.  f.    11 

„  Yermandois  (de  Warren) 

...       lb. 

„  Yinall     ... 

XXIX.      146 

„  Wardeux 

...IX.  282,  298 

„  Warnett                 ...              ...    lY.  f. 

291,  YI.  f.    11 

„  Warren,  de  (see  Yermandois) 

...       lb. 

„  West      ... 

...  XXIY.      10 

„  Weston  (2) 

...      YI.  f.    1Q 

„  Willard  ... 

...  XIY.  f.  233 

„  Wilje     ... 

...XXX.  f.  137 

„  Wistoneston  or  Weston  (2)... 

...      YI.  f.    1Q 

Arundel,  tomb  of  John  17th  Earl  of 

...    XII.      238 

„         to  Pulborouofh,  plan  of  road 

...XYII.      186 

53 

Castle  {temp.  Civil  wars) 

...       Y.  f.     41 

3J 

College  (Fitzalan)  Chapel  plan 

...     III.        78 

3 

,                      ,,                        ,,       interior  XXX.  f.    37 

J3 

stone  coffin     ... 

...     III.        80 

3> 

leaden  coffin  ... 

...      lb.        81 

J3 

stones  of 

...      lb.        83 

53 

broken  statue  of  Yirgin 

...       lb.         88 

53 

Lad}^  chapel,  part  of 

...XXX.  f.    37 

5 

Parish  Church 

...       Tb.  f.    31 

Ashburnham,  arms  of  ...              ...      YI. 

f.  1Q,  XXIY.  2 

Ayre's  ceihng  (see  Petworth). 

B. 

Baker,  arms  of 

XXYI.      266 

Bare 

ombe  Church,  interior  of    ... 

...  XXX.  f.    54 

INDEX    OF   ILLUSTRATIONS.  203 

Vol.  Page 

Barnliam,  celt  from      ...              ...  ...XVII.      255 

Barrow  at  Crowlink in  Priston    ...  ...        V.       207 

Alfriston,  plan  of             ...  ...XXII.         68 

Barttelot,  arm^  of         XXIY.  14,  XXYIL  55 

Bateraans  (see  Bar  wash). 

Battle  Abbey,  site  of  Harold's  death  ...      VI.  f.    32 

Bavent  (de)  arms  of     ...              ...  ...        V.           4 

Bayeux  tapestry,  scenes  from      ...  ...   XIX.  f.     76 

Bayhara  Abbey              ...              ...  •••       IX.  f.  145 

Beacliam well  pavement,  a  tile  from  ...  YIII.       338 

Beauport  park,  cinder  heaps  in  ...  XXIX.       170 

„          Roman  pottery  from  ...        lb.  f.  174 

Beche,  arms  of              ...              ...  •••  XI Y.  f.  233 

Beckley  parsonage  (in  1784)        ...  ...        Y.         74 

Bellencombre  Castle     ...              ...  ...      HI-  f«     29 

,,                   interior  of  ...  ...        lb. 

,j                   ruins  of       ...  ...       It>. 

„     Church     ...              ...  ...       lb.         34 

Bells,  Sussex  church— 

,j        .  devices,  medallions, 

founders'  monograms,  &c.  XYI.  143-150,  f. 

151,  f.  152  (2),f.  161,  171-173,  180,  XXII.  234 

'  Benfield '  manor  house                ...  ...        X.       165 

Bersted  (see  South  Bersted). 

Berwick,  old  pigeon-house  at      ...  ...      YI.       233 

I      ,,         church,  Nutt  monument  in  ...       lb.       224 

*                 „            Easter  sepulchre  in  ...       lb.       230 

Bignor,  section  of  Roman  way  at  ...      XI.      131 

t„       pavements  plan. of           ...  ...XXX.  f.      /6 

j^              „           first  excavations  ...       lb.          63 

jj              „   .        Yenus  room    ...  ...       lb.  f.     80 

Bishopstone  Church     ...              ...  ...        H.  f.  272 

,,                 plan  of         ...  ...        lb. 

J,                  monumental  slab  ...       lb.      281 

vertical  dial...  ...YIII.      322 

^Bittorne's  Clee'           ...              ...  .••    XX.      226 

Blaauw,  portrait  of  W.  H.,  Esq. ...  ...  XXII.  f.        i 

Blatchington  (see  West  Blatchington). 

Blencowe,  portrait  of  R.  W.,  Esq.  XXYI.  f.       i 

Blosius,  seal  of  Matilda                ...  Y.  205,  YIII.  334 


204  INDEX   OF    ILLUSTEATIONS. 

Vol.  Page 

Blunt's  cup    ... 

Boat,  Ancient  British  ... 

Bodiam,  arms  of 

monumental  inscription  to 
Castle,  barbican 
,,       chapel 
„       arches 

„       groined  ceiling  ... 
5,       coping  stones     ... 
,,       window  in  tower 
Church,  brass  in 
Bohun  de  (see  Arms). 
Bolney,  arms  of 

,,       Church,  doorway  of 
Bonville,  arms  of  (see  Arms) 
Boorde,  woodcut  of  Dr. 
Bormer,  urns  from 
Bosham,  coffin  of  Cnut's  daughter  at 
„        Church,  arch  in 
j>  jj        wall  of  tower  ... 

Bowhill,  combs  found  at 

,,        whetstone  found  at 
Boxgrove  Priory  Church 

,,        refectory  (2) 
Boxhulle  de,  arms  of    ... 
Bramber,  plan  of  bridge,  &c. 

„  details  of  ditto 

Brambletye,  view  of  (1782) 

„  lozenge  ornament     ... 

Braose,  arms  of 

Brass  to  Sir  Dalyngrugge  and  Lady 
,,       Dean  Prestwick 
„       Richard  and  Elizabeth  Wakeherst 
„       John  AVybarne 
Brede  furnace,  grate  cast  at 
„      Place  (1858)       ... 
,,  „     elevation  of 

Brembre,  arms  of 
Brightford,  seal  of  Hundred 
Brighton,  old  font  in  St.  Nicholas' church 


...  XXI. 

107 

...  XII. 

261 

..  IX.  277, 

298 

...   lb. 

280 

...   lb.  f. 

297 

...   lb.  f. 

299 

...   lb.  f. 

300 

...   lb. 

298 

...   lb. 

300 

...   lb. 

301 

lb. 

281 

...  xxy. 

103 

...   X. 

60 

...   VI. 

204 

XVIII. 

65 

lb.  f. 

5 

lb.  f. 

6 

...     lb.  f. 

8 

...  XXII. 

60 

VII.  (app.)  52 

lb.  (app.)  ^ 

I  11 

...  XV.  f.  112 

...   VI.  f. 

77 

11.  f. 

64 

...   lb.  f. 

65 

...  XX.  f. 

136 

...     lb. 

137 

V.  5,  VIII. 

102 

...   II.  f. 

309 

lb.  f. 

307 

i    lb.  f. 

311 

...  VIII.  f. 

17 

..  XII. 

270 

...   lb.  f. 

205 

...   lb.  f. 

219 

..   VI.  f. 

77 

V. 

198 

..XXIX. 

200 

INDEX    OF    ILLUSTRATIONS.  205 

Vol.  Page 

Britisli  aDtiquities,  Wilmington...  ...   XIV.  f.  171 

,,     sepulchral  urn  (see  Urn). 

,,     boat,  ancient     ...  ...  ...     XII.       261 

„     canoe  (see  Canoe). 
,,     coins  (see  Coins). 
Bromfield,  arms  of        ...  ...  ...  XIV.  f.  233 

Bronze  (see  Celts,  Ligula). 
Bulverbithe,  Norman   and  E.    English  re- 
mains at  ...  ...        lb.       117 

,,  Church,  ground  plan  ...        lb.       118 

BunctonHill  ...  ...  ...VIII.       186 

Burrell,    Timothy,     Esq.,    Illustrations    in 

diary  of...IIL  1 19,  120,  122-127,  129-137,  139, 

140,  142-145,  147-155,  158,  160-163,  165-170 

Burwash,  monumental  slab  at     ...  ...        II.  f.  178 

Bateman's    ...  ...  ...  XXI.  f.  113 

„  Holmeshurst  ...  ...        lb. 

Pelham  buckle  at         ...  ...  III.  225,  226 


Buxted,  Hammer  post  at 

...        II. 

208 

,,       Cliurcli,  font   ... 

...      IX. 

209 

„            „         piscina 

...       lb. 

211 

„           „         rebus 

...       lb. 

212 

jl>    „            „         church  chest     ... 

...       lb. 

214 

P     ,,            ,,         fictile  vessel  in  ... 

...  XXI, 

202 

^     ,,      Bocks,  and  ground  plan  of  Hermitage  XII.  f.     14 

''  Caburn,"  the              ...              ...  '...     XX.  f.    57 

Calceto  (see  de  Calceto) 

Calverley,  arms  of        ...              ...  ...    XIV.  f.  233 

Cameo  onyx                   ...              ...  ...  XXV.      229 

Cannon,  banded,  at  Eridge  Green  ...         II.  f.  217 
Canoe,  ancient  found  in  Arun 

X.  149,  XII.  261,  XVIII.  72 
Canute  (see  Cnut). 
Canute's  daughter  (see  Cnut). 

Cassandra,  chromo-lithograph  of  ...XVII.  f.  205 

Castle  Goring                ...              ...  XXVI.  f.  113 

Catacombs,  monogram  from  Christian  VII.  (app.)  29 


J5 


206  INDEX    OF   ILLUSTRATIONS. 

Vol.  Pago 

Celts,  bronze  IL  260,  XVIL  255,  VIII.  268,  286, 

IX.  366,  XIY.  f.  171,  XXVII.  f.  183 
ironstone  ...  ...  ...      IX.       120 

flint        ...    IX.  117,  XXIX.  134 

,,    copper  ...  ...  ...  ...      IX.       117 

Chailey,  chimney  back  at  ...  ...        IT.  f.  189 

Chalice,  angel  on  enamelled  ...  ...      IX.       307 

Chaloner,  Paxhill  ...  ...  ...      XL         13 

Chalvington  church,  window  of  ...  ...       II.      286 

Chancton  farm,  coins  at  ...  ...XX.  f.       216 

Chapelle,  seal  of  William  de  la  ...  ...        II.      303 

Charles  I.,  silver  clock  of  ...        III.  1 03,  VIII.  309 

key       III.       104 

„  ,,  back  ...       lb.      107 

,,  ,,  side  view  ...        lb.       105 

Charles  II.,  punch-bowl  presented  by  XXIII.  f.     12 

Charlston,  Alured's  chapel,  windows  in      ...       IV.         47 
Charter  of  Lepers  Hospital,  Seaford  ...    XII.  f.  114 

Cheyney,  arras  of  ...  ...  ...XXV.       108 

Chichester,  Roman  earthworks  near  ...        X.       170 

,,  remains  of  temple  by  ...        V.  f.  277 

„  St.  Pancras,  mace  of  Corporation 

XXIV.      138 
west  gateway  ...  XXIX.      219 

,,  Cathedral,  monument  to  Bp. 

Langton   ...  XXVIII.  f.    43 

„  „         monument  to  Bp. 

Sherborne  ...  XXIX.  f.    38 

„  ^,,  portraits  of  Bishops 

(Stigand  to  Reede)  XXVIII.  f.  11 
„  „  „     (Patryngtonto 

Sherborne)       XXIX.  f.     1 
Friary,  ...  ...  ...   XXX.     147 

„         St.  Mary's  Hospital  at  ...         IL         1 

„  ,,  ,,  seal         ...         lb.         6 

,,  ,,  ,,  section  of  hall    lb.  f .      5 

„  ,,  „       screen  in   ...         lb.  f.      6 

„         St.    Olave's    church,    arch    and 

mural  paintings       V.  f.  213 
„  „  „  doorway...       lb.      220 


INDEX    OJP    ILLUSTRATIONS. 

207 

Vol. 

Page 

Chichester,  St.   Olave's  church,  piscina  and 

mouldings 

V. 

224 

5J 

Museum — 

J» 

,,         ark  of  sycamore  wood    VIII.  f. 

281 

5J 

,,         fragment    of   tile    from 

catacombs 

lb. 

282 

>' 

„         thurible     and    pendant 

ornaments 

lb. 

285 

55 

,,         two  bronze  celts 

lb. 

286 

55 

,,         Roman  pottery  and  glass 

lb. 

289 

55 

stone  axe-head 

lb. 

294 

5> 

quartz  ar ro  w-head 

lb. 

55 

jet  chessmen 

lb. 

298 

55 

reliquary  pectoral  cross 

lb. 

302 

55 

draughts,  sculpture  for  game  of 

lb. 

303 

55 

ivory  mirror  case 

lb. 

304 

55 

brooch,  gold  trefoil     ... 

lb. 

305 

55 

clock-watch  of  Charles  I. 

lb. 

309 

55 

rush  candlestick 

lb. 

310 

55 

municipal  lantern 

lb.  f. 

315 

i                55 

iron  arm,  Italian 

lb. 

316 

1 

55 

target,  Italian  fencer's 

lb. 

55 

skull-cap,  steel 

lb. 

318 

!       -          55 

dial,  vertical 

lb. 

322 

55 

seal,  of  Lewes  Priory 

lb.  f 

327 

J  5 

„       Huntley,  Earl  of 

lb. 

328 

55 

„       St.  Mary's  Hospital,  Chi- 

,. 

chester 

lb. 

330 

55 

,,       impression  from  hexagonal 

lb. 

332 

J> 

silver  ring    ... 

lb. 

}5 

silver  matrix  from  Lincoln  Heath 

lb. 

S> 

leaden    matrix    from   Stockbury, 

Kent       ... 

lb. 

334 

r, 

95 

seal  of  Matilda  Blosius 

lb. 

55 

„         Parwikinus 

lb. 

55 

„        Subdeanery     ... 

lb. 

329 

55 

pavement  tile  from  Beachamwell 

lb. 

338 

59 

glazed  brick  with  Pelham  buckle 

lb. 

339 

55 

sepulchral  effigy 

lb. 

343 

Chiddmgly  Place,  view  of 

xiy.  f 

.  227 

208 


INDEX    or    ILLUSTEATIONS. 


Vol. 

Page 

...  XIV. 

f. 

231 

lb. 

lb. 

f. 

207 

1          lb. 

f. 

227 

...       lb. 

f. 

233 

...XXIT. 

234 

...  XIV. 

f. 

233 

XXIX. 

170 

...    XII. 

f. 

164 

...    XV. 

f. 

188 

XXIV. 

f. 

157 

XXVIII 

f. 

113 

XXVI. 

f. 

212 

...       lb. 

215 

...       VI. 

f. 

11 

XVII. 

192 

XVIII. 

f. 

5 

I. 

39 

XXIX. 

70 

Chiddingly  Frith's 

„  Bui'cliett's 

,,  Church 

„  ,,    Jefferay's  monument  in 

J,  families,  arms  of 

Chimney  backs  (see  Iron) 
Church  bells  (see  Bells) 
Churchar,  arras  of 
Cinder  heaps  in  Beauport  Park  ... 
Cinque-ports,  banner  of 

„  baron  of 

Cissbury,  flint  implements  from  ... 
Civil  war  relics 
Clapham,  St.  Mary's  Church 

„  „       tomb  of  Shelley 

Clifford,  arms  of  (2) 
Clympynofe,  seal  of  Thomas  de    ... 
Cnut,  coffin  of  daughter  of 

,,     coin  of  ... 
Cobden,  tomb  of  Richard 
Coffer,  leaden  (see  Willingdon). 
Coins  in  Sussex,  British,  un-inscribed, 

XXIX.  f.  89,  f.  97,  f.  106 


,,     British  and  Roman 

,,     found  at  Chancton  farm 

Coin,  British  gold,  Polegate 
,,     of  Virius 
,,     of  Cnut 

,,     of  Edward  Confessor  (2) 
,,     found  at  Pagham 
,,     minted  at  Steyning 

Colbrand,  arms  of 

Comb,  found  in  urn 
,,      ornament  on  a     ... 

Confessor  (see  Edward). 

Copyn,  arms  of 

Courthope,  arms  of 

Cowdray  House  (1785) 


inscribed 

XXX.  f. 

10,  f.  17,  f 

.  22 

I. 

26 

...    XX.  f. 

216 

XXVI. 

270 

...     IX. 

370 

I. 

39 

...       lb. 

..       V. 

206 

...      IX. 

369 

...      VI.  f. 

1^ 

...XXII. 
...      lb. 

60 

...      VI.  f. 

1^ 

"...    VI.  f. 

76,  XXIY 

.  15 

V.  f. 

\1^ 

INDEX    OF    ILLUSTEATIONS. 


209 


Vol. 

Page 

Cowdray,  Huckhall  at   ... 

...     XX. 

i 

Cowper,  arms  of 

...    yi.  f. 

77 

Cralle,  arms  of 

...XXV. 

110 

Cross,  ancient 

VII.  (app.)  30 

,,            at  Alfriston 

X. 

183 

Crowhurst  chiircli,  tower  of 

...     III. 

225 

„         manor-house,  ruins  of... 

...    VII.  f. 

45 

p--     »                  >,             plan 
'''       „        _          „              monl 

of   ... 

...       lb. 

dings 

...       lb. 

46 

Crowlink  in  Friston,  barrow 

at  ... 

V. 

207 

,,         ancient  necklace  a1 

'       ... 

X. 

205 

Crucifix  found  at  Iford 

...XVII. 

245 

Cruttenden,  arms  of 

...      VI.  f. 

76 

Cuckfield  Place  (1681)... 

...XXV. 

81 

,,       Park 

...       lb.  f. 

62 

,,       the  clock-liouse 

...       lb.  f. 

81 

Cucking-stool  at  Rye     . , . 

...      IX. 

361 

Culvert,  wooden 

...      XL 

134 

,,        plan  and  section  of, 

Hardham 

...       lb. 

D. 

Dacre,  monument  to  Lord 

Dallington  Churcli,  Pelham  buckle  on 

Dalyngrugge,  arms  of...         IX.  286,  287, 
,,  brass  to  Sir  ....  and  Lady 

,,  G^gJ  of  Sir  Edward 

Danny,  east  front 
„       north-east 

De  Bavent  (see  Bavent). 

De  Bohun  (see  Bohun). 

De  Boxhulle  (see  Boxhulle). 

De  Braose  (see  Braose). 

De  Calceto  Priory 

„  ,,       seal  of 

Delawarr,  badge  of  (2) 

Dene,  seal  of  Robert  de 

Densworth,  patera  found  at 

,,  glass  vessel  found  at 

,,  plan  of  Roman  cemetery  at 

XXX. 


..  IV.  f.  191 
..  III.  227 
298,  XIL  221 

11.  f.  309 
..    XIL      223 

X.  f.  1 
..       lb.  f.     22 


XL 

90 

lb. 

107 

IIL 

231 

V. 

167 

XXII. 

68 

lb. 

X. 

175 

2  E 

210 


INDEX    OF   ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Denton  font    ... 

De  Saj  tomb,  Hamsey 

De  St.  Croix,  portrait  of  Rev.  W. 

De  Vere  (see  Vere) . 

De  Warrenne  (see  Warren). 

Devenish,  arms  of 

Ditchling  Church 

Domesday,  fac-simile  of 

Dudeney  Chapel 

Dudley  supporters,  carving 

Dureford  Abbey,  south  front 

east  front 

tiles 

monumental  stone  in 

fragments 

rushstick  in     ... 


E. 

Earthwork  at  Warbleton 
Earthworks,  Roman,  near  Chichester 
Easebourne  Priory,  east  front 

,,  ,,  church  and  cloisters 

,,  ,,  exterior  of  building 

,,  ,,  interior  of  building 

,,  „  bell  at 

Eastbourne,  exterior  of  church    . . . 
,,  interior  of  church     ... 

„  old  Parsonage 

,,  vaulted  cellar  at 

East  Grinstead,  the  old  church    ... 
,,  Sackville  College 

,,  „  seal  and  arms  of 

East  Hoathly  Church,  doorway  in 
,,  pillar  piscina  in 

,,     astronomical  device  at 
EastMascalls 
Echingham,  arms  of  (2) 
,,  seal  of 

„         Church,  ground-plan  of 


Vol. 

Pa<?e 

...  XIIL 

4 

...XVII. 

95 

XXVIII. 

f.    76 

...XXV. 

106 

XXVIII. 

f.  132 

...XXIX. 

f.l35 

...      IX. 

43 

...       IV. 

312 

...  VIII. 

94 

lb. 

95 

..    lb.  61 

L,  f.  61 

...       lb. 

96 

...       lb. 

54,  55 

lb. 

76 

...XVII. 

f.  167 

X. 

170 

...      IX. 

1 

lb. 

27 

...       lb. 

30 

...       lb. 

31 

...       lb. 

...  XIV. 

f.  127 

...       lb. 

f.  129 

...       lb. 

127 

X. 

184 

...     XX. 

f.  145 

...       lb. 

f.  155 

>f  XXII. 

225 

..      III. 

223 

..  VIII. 

272 

..       IV. 

270 

..       IX. 

324 

..       VI. 

f.    77 

..  XXX. 

145 

..      IX. 

348 

INDEX    OF    ILLUSTEATIOJ^S.  211 


Vol. 


Echingham,  Church,  north-east  view  ...       IX.  f.  343 

,,  „       section  of    ...  ...        lb.  f.  348 

„  ,,       chancel  stall  ...        lb.  f.  351 

„       font  of         ...  ...        lb. 

,,  ,,       vane  with  Echingham 

arms         ...  ...        lb.       349 

Edward  the  Confessor,  coins  of  ...         I.         39 

Effigy   (see  Dalyngrugge,    Lewes,  Horsted 

Keynes). 
Egyptian  angel  ...  ...  VII.  (app.)  26 

„       arch  VIII.  f.  281 

Elizabeth,  prayer-book  of  Queen  ...        lb.       225 

„         touchpiece  of  Queen  ...  ...  XXY.       206 

Eridge  Green,  banded  cannon  at...  ...        II.  f.  217 

Escutcheon,  armorial  (for  harness)  ...      IX.       373 

Eu,  seal  of  Earl  of       ...  ...  ...  XIII.  f.  133 

Eversfield,  arms  of        ...  ...  ...      VI.  f.    76 

Execution,  woodcut  of...  ...  ...    XXIY.    65 


F. 

Fagg,  arms  of                ...              ...  •••        V.        26 

Findon  Church               XXVI.  f.  247 

,,      Place  Manor  House,         ...  ...       lb.  f.  219 

„           ,,     antiquities  found  at  ...XXY.       233 

Fitzalan  Chapel,  Arundel              ...  ...XXX.  f.     37 

Fletching  Church,  plan  of             ...  ...      IV.  f.  231 

„              „          section  of  interior  ...       lb.  f.  237 

„              ,,         piscina            ...  ...       lb.       240 

,,              ,,         carved  pulpit...  ...       lb.       234 


t 


monumental  slab  ...       lb.       233 
Flintlmplements  XIX.  f.  52,  XXIY.  f .  157,  XXYII.  f.  177 

Framfield  Church,  north  chantry  of  ...       lY.  f.  291 

initials  in       ...  ...       lb.       297 

French,  arms  of             ...              ...  •••   XIY.  f.  233 

Friary,  Chichester          ...              ...  ...XXX.     147 

Friston  (see  Crowlink). 

Fuller,  arms  of               ...              ...  ...XXY.     102 


I 


212 


INDEX    OF    ILLUSTRATIONS. 


G. 


Gage,  arms  of 

Galloway,  token  of  Ambrose 
Gilderidge,  arms  of 
Glass,  vessels  of  Roman 

,,     vessel   ... 
Glynde  Church,  view  of 

„  „         ground  plans  of... 

,,       gateway  at 

,,       the  Caburn 

„       old  houses, 

,,       iron  knives  found  at 

,,       vase  found  near 

,,       archway  at 
Glyndebourne 

Goddard's  Green,  bay-window  at 
Goring,  arms  of  ...  V. 

Gounter,  tomb  of  Hugh,  and  wife 
Gravetye 
Grey,  seal  of  Lady  Jane 


Vol. 

Pago 

XXIY. 

12 

...      XL 

171 

...      YL 

f. 

77 

X. 

173 

...XXIL 

58 

...    XX. 

81 

...      lb. 

80 

Y.  92,  XX 

.  i 

^  73 

...     XX. 

f. 

67 

...       lb. 

f. 

74 

...       lb. 

f. 

54 

XXIII. 

f. 

82 

lb. 

f. 

73 

lb. 

f. 

64 

XXYII. 

184 

27,  YL  f.  77,XXIY.  4 

XXIII. 

f. 

1 

X. 

f. 

166 

...      lY. 

313 

H. 


Halland  House 

Halnaker,  Bonvilles  of  (see  Bonville). 
Hammer-post,  Buxted  ... 
,,         head,  ancient... 
Hamon,  slab  to,  at  Rye 
Hampden,  portrait  of  John 
Hamsey  Church,  de  Say  tomb 
Handpost,  ancient 

Hardham,  Priory  Chapel,  ground  plan  of 
„  ,,         exterior 

„  ,,         E.  end  of  interior 

,,  ,,         W.  end  of  ditto 

,,  culvert  at  ... 
,,         sepulchral  vessels  found  at 
,,         Roman  urn  found  at 


XL      220 


..       IL 

208 

XYIIL 

195 

..    XIII  f. 

280 

..     XX.  f. 

69 

..XYIL 

95 

X. 

182 

XYIIL  f. 

55 

..      XL 

3 

r       lb.  f. 

115 

lb. 

lb. 

134 

lb.  f. 

138 

lb. 

INDEX    OF    ILLUSTRATIONS. 


213 


Vol. 


Page 


Hardliam,  plan  of  Romano-British  cemetery  at  XVI.  f .  52 

grave  on  ditto 

sandal  found  in  grave 

wine-funnel 

pottery  found  at  (2)   ... 

vases  found  at 
Harrison,  arms  of 
Harting  (see  South  Harting) 
Hastings,   common  seal  of  Port  of 

Collegiate  Church  of  St.  Mary 

seals  ,,  ., 

seal  of  Priory 

Old  Townhall  and  Courthouse 
street 

remains  of  hospital 

Harbour,  plan  of  old  ... 

house  at  eastern  entrance  of 

Pelham  house 

Mrs.  Shovell's  house   ... 

Salmon's  house 

two  old  houses  in  All  Saints'  St. 

Mrs.  Boadle's  house  ... 

pottery  made  at 

pottery,  mediaeval,  found  at 

ancient  pottery  figure . . . 

arrow-head  found  at  ... 

worked  flints  found  near 

shaft  and  arch  of  crypt  at 

merchant's  marks  at  ... 

map  of  (1746) 

bailiff's  seal  of 

field  of  the  battle  of  ... 

de,  figure  of 
Helmets,  chronological  series  of... 
Henfield  Church,  bracket  in 
Henry  YII.,  arms  of     ... 
Heronry  (see  Windmill  Hill). 
Hickstead  Place 

,,         arms  of  Henry  VII.    ... 
Hill's  Place    ... 


.     lb. 

53 

.     lb. 

54 

.   lb. 

56 

.   lb.  f. 

57 

.   lb. 

58 

.  VII. 

182 

I.  f. 

16 

..  XIII. 

153 

..   lb.  f. 

133 

..   lb. 

179 

..  XIV.  f. 

Q1 

.   lb. 

..   lb. 

94 

.   lb.  f. 

106 

..   lb.  f. 

107 

..   lb. 

..   lb. 

108 

:.   lb. 

..   lb. 

110 

..   XL 

230 

XII.  268, 

269 

XVIII. 

190 

..  XIII. 

309 

..  XIX.  f. 

53 

..  XIV. 

m 

..   lb. 

102 

..  XII.  f. 

196 

..XVII. 

65 

..  VI.  f. 

15 

..  XXX. 

14  L 

..  XXV.  f. 

10 

..XXIII.  f.  213 

lb. 

44 

..   lb.  f. 

43 

..   lb. 

44 

..   V. 

87 

214 


INDEX    OF    ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Vol.            Page 

Hodgson,  arms  of 

IV.  f.  291 

Hollington,  Grove  House 

XXI.  f.  149 

Holman,  arms  of 

XXV.      105 

Holmesdale    ... 

XI.          9 

Holmeslmrst  (see  Burwasli). 

Holmstreet,  Pulborougli,   supposed   mauso- 

leum at 

lb.      141 

Hoo,  monument 

VIII.  f.  128 

,,     carved  figure  of   ... 

lb.      ]29 

„     seal  of  William  de 

lb.      106 

„     seal  of  Thomas  de 

lb.      126 

Horsham,  Hoo  monument 

lb.  f.  128 

,,         pottery  found  at 

XX.  f.  195 

,,         antiquities  found  at     ... 

lb.  f.  197 

Horsted  Keynes,  e&igy  at 

I.      128 

Horsted  Parva  Church,  incised  slab               XXVI.  f.  216 

,,         arcade  and  ancient  tomb    ... 

XXI.  f.  197 

Hove,  tumulus  at 

IX.      120 

Huntley,  seal  of  Earl  of 

VIII.      328 

Hurdis,  arms  of 

VII.      134 

Hurstmonceux  Castle    ...              ...            IV 

.  f.  169  f.  171 

„               ,,         plan  of  ground  floor 

IV.  f.  ]  70 

,)                 ,,          gateway 

lb.  f.  172 

„                ,,          south-west  view 

lb.  f.  173 

„               ,,         interior  of  porter's  lodge 

and  gateway  tower 

lb.  f.  174 

„                ,,          cloister  court 

lb.      175 

„                 ,,          plan  of  first  floor 

lb.  f.  178 

„                ,,         loopliole  in  gateway  ... 

lb. 197,  202 

hall 

lb.      176 

„                ,,         pantry  court 

lb.      177 

„                „         chapel 

lb.      180 

,,                ,,         interior  of,  E.  side    ... 

lb.  f.  181 

„                ,,          pump- court 

lb.      182 

„      *         ,,         interior  from  N.E.    ... 

lb.  f.  183 

„                ,,         kitchen 

lb.      184 

„                Church... 

lb.  f.  188 

„                    „       capitals    ... 

lb.      190 

,,                    „        Dacre  monument   ... 

lb.  f.  191 

t,                    „       font 

lb.       195 

INDEX    OP    ILLUSTRATIONS. 


215 


Vol.  Page 

Hurstmonceux  Church,  trefoiled aumbry  ...        IV.      195 

,,  „         trefoil  recess  ...        lb.       196 

Hurstpierpoint,  the  old  Church  at  ...        XI.  f.     ^Q 

,,  „  monuments  in     lb.  *7Qi  77 

Roman  remains  at  ...  XIV.      179 


Iford,  crucifix  found  at... 

... 

XVII.      245 

„     Church... 

... 

XXIX.  f.  149 

,,     bells 

•  •  • 

lb. 

„         „    inscription  on 

lb.  f.  160 

Iron  andirons 

...    11. 

179,180,181,  188, 

189,  190,  198, 199,  f.  199 

„    '  name-device,'  Buxted 

...       lb.      184 

„     chimney- backs 

lb.  f. 

188,  f.  189,  f.  217, 
XXIll.  f.  119 

,,    monumental  slabs . . . 

... 

11.  f.  1 7Q,  f.  200 

„    mustard-mill 

•  •  • 

...       lb.      179 

„    relics  of  St.  Dunstan 

... 

...       lb.      214 

„    knives  (see  Knives). 

Isfield  Place,  view  of    ... 

... 

XVlll.      124 

,,         part  of  ground-plan  of 

lb.      125 

„     Church,  tomb  of  Sir  J. 

S  hurley 

...       lb.      130 

Isted,  arms  of 

...       IV.  f.  291 

Jeff eray,  arms  of 

,,      monument  to  ... 


.  VI.  f.  77,  XIV.  f.  233 
...    XIV.  f.  227 


K. 

Key,  Roman XXV.      231 

■Keymer,  tiles  found  at .. .  ...  ...  XVI.      128 

Kingston  Manor  House,  carved   stone- work 

from XXIX.  f.  142 

„  „       marble  plaques  from  .. .        lb. 

„       Church  ...  ...  ...        lb.  f.  150 


\]6 


INDEX    OF    ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Kingston  Cliurch  bells 

,,  ,,     inscription  on 

Knepp  Castle,  ruins  of... 
Knife  at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge 
Knives,  iron 


Vol.  Page' 

XVI.      151 

XXIX.  f.  160 

V.      143 

,     YII.      216 

.     XX.  f.    54 


L. 

Lamb,  portrait  of  Mr.  W.  P.       ...  ...     XV.  f. 

Langford,  urn  found  at  ...  ...XXII. 

Langton,  tomb  of  Bishop  ...  XXVIII.  f. 

'  Lantern,'  the  (see  Lewes). 

Laughton  Church,  doorway  in   ...  III. 

Place,  tower  at  ...  ...     VII. 

,,    turret  window  at  ...       lb. 

,,    building  at  moat  of  ...        lb. 

,,    Pelbani  buckle  on  lb.  69,  III. 

,,    mouldings  of  cornice  ...    VII. 

Lepers'  Hospital,  charter  of         ...  ...     XII.  f. 

Lewes,  St.  Nicholas'  Hospital     ...  ...   XIII.  f. 

St.  Peter's  Church  ...  ...        lb. 

inside  of  the  West  gate,  S.  side  ...        lb. 

ancient  seal  at  ...  ...XXVI. 

St.  Ann's,  font  at  ...  ...    XIII. 

map  of  (1775)  ...  ...        lb.  f. 

Blunt's  silver  cup  at  ...  ...   XXL 

Castle,  gateway  tower  of...  ...      VI.  f. 

sepulchral  slab  of  marble  ...        lb. 

window  in  keep...  ...  ...  XIII. 

Priory,  ground  plan  of     ...  ...       III.  f. 

seals  of  II.  f.  19,  f.  20,  VIII.  f. 

ground  plan  of  *'  lantern"  ...     VII. 
gold  ring,  with  inscription  and 

engraving  ...  ...      III. 

Norman  relics  of  VI.  f.  259,  f. 

Early  English  ditto  ...        lb.  f. 
mediaeval  pottery  found  at ...  I. 

marble  effigy  found  at  ...        lb. 
armorial  escutcheons  for  har- 
ness of  horses,  found  at  IX.      373 


188 
64 
43 

222 

67 
72 
68 

228 
71 

1141 
1 


272 
5 

45 
107 
126 
264 

26 
185 
327 
151 

210 
260 

262 
45 

43! 


INDEX    OF   ILLUSTRATIONS. 


217 


Lewknor,  arms  of 
L^'gula,  Roman  bronze  ... 
Lilly  white,  cottage  of  ... 
Lindfield,  old  house  at  . . . 

„  Church,  mural  painting  in 

Lingfield  Church,  Surrey,  sepulchral  e^gj 

from 
Lordington  House 

5,  ,,        staircase 

Lower,  portrait  of  Mr.  M.  A. 
Ludlow  label 

Lumley  Lord,  Stanstead  seat  of 
Lunsford,  arms  of 

,,  portrait  of  Sir  Thomas 

Luxford,  arms  of  (2)    ... 
Ly minster,  the  Dragon- slayer's  tomb 

,,  the  knucker-hole 


Vol. 

Page 

III.  92,  IX. 

292 

xxiy. 

295 

XXYIII.  f. 

59 

...      XLf. 

6 

...        ILf. 

129 

1  Gm.gj 

...  VIIL 

343 

...  XXL  f. 

73 

...       lb.  f. 

88 

XXVIL  f. 

117 

XXYI. 

155 

Y. 

65 

Yl. 

f.  76,  XXIY.  19 

...    XIX.  f. 

105 

Yl. 

f.  76,  XXIV 

\  19 

3 

XYIII. 

182 

...     XIX.  ( 

end) 

M. 


XXIY.      138 


Mace  of  St.  Pancras  Corporation  (1689) 

Mailing  (see  South  Mailing). 

Maminot  and  Say,  arms  of 

Mangnus,  inscription  to 

'  Mangonel'  ... 

Mantelpiece  ancient,  Nineveh. 

,,  (see  Street). 

Maresfield,  pottery  found  at 
Margesson,  arms  of 
Markly  (see  Warbleton). 
Mascalls  (see  East  Mascalls). 
Mausoleum  at  Pulborough 
Mayfield,  relics  of  St.  Dunstan  at 

Church,  tower  and  porch  of 
Palace  (1847) 

,,       doorway  of  hall  porch 

„        doorways  into   ... 

,,       corbels  and  diaper  work  in 

11.  240,  XXL  7,  lb.  f.  20 
,,  „       bay  in  ...  ...       11.      237 

XXX.  2  F 


.       YL 

f.    "71 

.    XII. 

f.  133 

Y. 

274 

XX. 

190 

II. 

173 

XXYI. 

264 

.      XL 

141 

II. 

214 

.  XXI. 

16 

lb. 

f.      1 

.       IL 

235 

.    XXL 

6 

218 


INDPJX    OF    ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Vol 

Mayfield  Palace,  view  from  the  north 

„  „       banqueting  hall  from  east 

„  from  west. 

,,         the  Middle  House 
Medalet,  leaden 

Merchants'  marks  at  Hasting-s     ... 
Michelbam  Priory  (moat  and  gateway) 

view  under  gateway 

south  view 

broken  arches  ... 

crypfc  vault 

arched  passage 

double  chimney-piece  in 

seal  of  (see  Seal). 
Miller,  arms  of 
Monogram  (see  Catacombs). 
Muntham 
Mylward,  arms  of 

N. 

Nail  pick 

Necklace,  ancient  (see  Crowlink). 

New  Shoreham  Church 

„  seal  of  Hospital    . . . 

„  seal  of  Borough    ... 

„  plan  of  harbour 

Newburgh,  arms  of 
Newhaven  Church 

,,  ,,      east  window  of  tower    . 

„  ,,       inside  of  belfry 

„  Harbour  plan  of 

,,         Roman  remains  at 
Newton,  arms  of 
Nineveh,  mantelpiece   ... 
Northeye  Chapel,  carved  stone   ... 

,,  ,,  „        mullions 

Noyes,  arms  of 
Nutt,  monument  to  Rev.  J. 
Nyland  House 


Pa?« 


...  XXL  f 

20 

,t    lb.  f 

2^ 

:...   lb. 

\ 

...   lb. 

15 

XXYI. 

276^ 

...  XIY. 

102 

...   YI. 

129 

...   lb. 

154 

...   lb. 

155 

...   lb. 

...   lb. 

157 

...   lb. 

...   lb. 

163 

...  XIY.f. 

233 

XXYII.  f. 

3 

...  XIY.f. 

233 

...   Y. 

201 

XXYII.  f. 

75 

...   lb.  f. 

78 

...   lb.  f. 

82 

...   lb.  f. 

98 

...  YI.  f. 

77 

...   IX.  f. 

93 

..   lb. 

..   lb. 

94  i 

...   lb.  f. 

99 

Y.  f. 

263 

..   IX. 

339 

..  XX. 

190 

..  XIX. 

5 

..   lb. 

6 

..   IX. 

340 

..   YI. 

224 

..  XII.  f. 

158 

INDEX    OF   ILLUSTRATIONS.  219 

0. 

Vol.  Page 

Ockenden  House,  Cuckfield         ...  ...      III.  f.  117 

Onyx  cameo  ...  ...  ...  ...  XXV.      229 

Ore,  arms  of  .. ,  ...  ...  ...       VI.  i.    77 

OteHall         ...  ...  ...  ...    XIX.  f.    61 

Otham  (see  Ottehara). 

Otteham  Abbey  Chapel,  south  wall  of  int-erior        Y.  f.  155 

,,  shrine  of  8t.  Laurence  at .. .       lb.       173 

Ovingdean  Church,  ground  plan  of  ...  XXI.  f.    40 

Oxenbridge,  arms  of     ...  ...  ...XXIY.       20 


Pagham  harbour,  coin  found  at   ... 

Parham  House 

Parker,  arms  of 

Parwikinus,  seal  of 

Patera  of  Samian  ware 

Paxhill 

Pechell,  arms  of 

Pechels,  arms  of  de 

,,  portrait  of  Jean  Orace  de 
Peckham  of  Arches,  arms  of  ... 
Pelham,  arms  of  ...     III.  213,  221,  YIII. 

„      buckle  ...       111.216,220, 

226,  227,  228,  YII.  65 

,,  „       and  cross  on  fireback 

,,       seal  of  Sir  John 
Penhurst,  arms  of 
Penkhurst,  arms  of 
Pepplesham,  arras  of  (see  Arms). 
Peshale,  seal  of  Richard  de 
Petworth,  market-place  of  {temp.  Charles  I.) 

,,         house  at 

,,         nooks  of  old 

,,         Mr.  Daintrey's  house  at 

,,         bracket  at    ... 
House  old    ... 


Y. 

206 

..  XXY.  f. 

1 

..      YI.  f. 

77 

..  YIII. 

334 

..XXII. 

58 

..      XL  f. 

1 

XXYL 

148 

lb. 

.       lb.  f. 

116 

.       lY.  f. 

291 

172,  XXIY.  5 

222,  223, 

225, 

69,  YIIL 

339 

..  XIIL 

161 

..     IIL 

220 

..     YLf. 

76 

..      lb. 

..       X. 

119 

)    XIX.  f. 

134 

..   XIY.  f. 

19 

..   XIX.  f. 

140 

..  XIY. 

20 

..   XIX. 

144 

..  XIY.  f. 

1 

220  INDEX    OF    ILLUSTRATIONS. 

Vol.  PagfO 

Petwortli,  paintings  on  Ayre's  ceiling  at        XXIV.       118 

lb.  f. 

;:  lb. 

Pevensey,  seal  of           ...              ...              ...  I.  f.    16 

,,         leaden  seal  found  at    ...              ...  V.       205 

„         castle,  east  view  of      ...              ...  YI.  f.  265 

„     plan  of                ...              ...  lb.  f.  274: 

„              ,,     drain  in              ...              ...  lb.      277 

,,             ,,     font  in  chapel  of               ...  lb.      279 

,,             ,,     /^?'sci72a  in  chapel  of           ...  lb.      280i 

Pierpoint,  arms  of          ...               ...               ...  lb.  f.     11\ 

Pillory  at  Rye                 ...              ...              ...  IX.       361 

Pin,  British  brass          ...              ...              ...  I.         55; 

Playsted,  arms  of          ...              ...              ...  YI.  f.     76t 

Plumpton  Church,  fresco  on  eastern  face  of 

east  wall  of  nave     ...  ...   XX.  f.     198; 

,,         ditto,  on  western  ditto                 ...  lb.  f.  201| 

Portslade  Church,  fresco  in          ...              ...  lb.  f.  161 

Possing worth  (see  Waldron). 

Pottery  ancient,  in  form  of  animals             ...  X.  f.  195 

„       figure  ...  ...  XYIIL      190 

„      found  at  Stopham  ...  XXYIII.      203 

„      mediaeval         ...            I.  45,  XL  230,  XX.  f.  195 

„      Roman  ...  II.  173,  YIII.  l>89,  XXIX.  f .  174 

Poynings,  view  of  (1780)              ...              ...  XY.  f.      1 

Church,  from  N.E.      ...              ...  lb.  f.    46 

,,              ,,         ground  plan  of               ...  lb.        33' 

„              ,,         east  window  of  chancel  lb.         41 
„              ,,         north   window    of   north 

transept      ...              ...  lb.  f.    42 

„              ,,         tabernacle  work  in  stone  lb.         48 
„              ,,         monumental  slab  in  south 

transept     ...               ...  lb.         38 

,,  ,,  Annunciation   window  in 

north  transept            ...  lb.  f.    451 
,,              ,,         piscina,  sedilia,  and  minor 

window  of  chancel     ...  lb.  f.    44 

font                 ...               ...  lb.         45! 

„       manorial  mansion          ...              ...  lb.        49| 

I 


INDEX   OF   ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Vol. 

XV. 
IX. 

lb. 
lb. 


Poynings,  arms  of  the  Lords 

Pulborough,  barrow  at... 

foundation  of  wall  at 
articles  found  in  barrow 
mausoleum  at  (see  Mausoleum). 

Punchbowl  presented  by  Charles  II.  XXIII.  f. 

Pynham  (see  de  Calceto) 


221 

Pajre 

14 

111 

3 

117 

12 


Querns 


Q. 


R. 


Pacton  House,  hall  of  Old 
Padmeld,  arms  of  (see  Arms). 
Randoll,  arms  of 
Ridge,  arms  of   ^ 
Ringmer,  gold  ring  at  . . . 
Riverhall,  chimney  back  at 
Rivers,  map  of  Sussex  ... 
Robertsbridge  Abbey,  south-east  view  of 
,,       exterior  of  chapel 
interior  of  chapel 

,,       ground  plan  oi 
„      refectory   ... 

recess  in  ditto 
,,      bosses  m 
,,      monumental  slabs 
,,       Pelham  arms  at 
„      armorial  tile  at 

auffel  with  shield  \ 

J,  55  CD 

^j  ,,       seal  of 

„      seal  of  Abbot  of 
„      founder's  seal 
Rodmell,  burial  in  woollen  at      ... 
Roman  cemetery  at  Densworth,  plan  of 
„       glass  (see  Glass). 
,,       bronze  Ligula    ... 


...XYIII. 

63 

XXIII.  f. 

16 

...      YI.  f. 

"IQ 

XXIX. 

149 

...      IX. 

373 

...     II.  f. 

188 

...   XVI.  f. 

247 

...  VIII. 

146 

...      lb. 

143 

...       lb. 

153 

...      lb. 

145 

...      lb. 

147 

...      lb. 

164 

...      lb. 

166 

...  lb.  141 

176 

m         lb. 

172 

...       lb. 

...      lb. 

173 

t...       lb. 

...       lb. 

143 

...       lb. 

171 

...       lb. 

156 

XVIII.  192 

,  193 

...       X. 

175 

XXIV. 

295 

222 


INDEX    OF   ILLTJSTEATIONS. 


Roman  reraaios  found  at  Newhaven 
urn      ... 
„       key      ...  ... 

,,       way  at  Bignor,  section  of... 
,,       Villa  at  Bignor   ... 
Romano-British  cemetery  (see  Hardham), 
Rottingdean  Church,  carved  bracket  in 
Roughey  Chantry,  carved  figure  in 

,,         hammer-head  from 
Rumboldswyke  Church,  ground  plan  of 

„  urn  fromi 

Rush  candlestick 
Rusper  Priory,  west  front  of 

,,  enamelled  chalice  of 

,,  figure  of  angel  on  ditto 

Rye,  seal  of    ...  ...  ...  1. 

„  pillory  and  cucking stool  at... 
,,  slab  (see  Hamon). 
,,  leaden  flagon  at     ... 
„  plan  of  Church  and  churchyard 
„  church,  flying  buttress  at 
Ryman,  armsof 


Vol, 

V.  f. 
.      XI. 
.XXV. 
..     XI. 


Page 

263 
138 
231 
131 


...XXX.  f.    63 

...      IX.        68 

...  VIII.      129 

XVIII.      195 

...   XXI.  f.    40 

...XVII.      255 

lb.      188 

V.  f.  250 

...      IX.  f.  303 

lb.      307 

f.  16,  XVII.  64 

...      IX.      361 

...  XIII.      208 

lb.  f.  288 

...XXII.  f.  132 

XVIII.  f.    80 


S. 


VI.  f.  77,  XIV.  f.  233 
...    XX.  f.  155 


Sackville,  arms  of 

,,        College 
St.  Croix  (see  de  St.  Croix). 
St.  Leger,  arms  of        ...  ...  ...     VI.  f.     77 

St.  Leonards  forest,  flint  implements  from   XXVII.  f.  177 
St.  Martin,  seal  of  Alured  de       ...  ...  VIII.  f.  156 

St.  Pancras,  (see  Lewes  Priory). 

mace  of  Corporation  of  (1689)     XXIV.    138  \ 
Samian  ware,  Patera  of  ...  ...   XXII.       58 

Say  (see  Maminot,  and  De  Say). 

Scotney,  seal  of  (see  Seal). 

Scrase,  arms  of  ...  ...       VIII.  1,  XXIV.  17 

Seaford,  seal  of  ...  ...  ...  I.  f.     16 

„     charter  to  Leper's  Hospital  at   (see 
Leper's  Ilosp.) 


INDEX    OF    ILLUSTEATIONS.  223 


SeafordjUrns  found  at 

Vol. 

...    YII. 

Pag-e 

74 

„     Roman  urn  found  at 

...      IX. 

368 

,,     ancient  chimaey-piece     ... 

...   VIL 

127 

J,     Church 

...       lb.  f. 

114 

J,         „         sculptured  capital  in 

...       lb. 

115 

„         „         carving  of  St.  Michael  and 

dragon 

...       lb. 

116 

„         ,,         ancient  crypt  of. . . 

...        lb. 

118 

Seal,  ancient  found  at  Lewes 

XXVI. 

272 

,,  Briglitford  Hundred 

V. 

198 

,,  Calceto,  de 

...      XL 

107 

„  Chapelle,  "William  de  la 

...       IL 

303 

5,  Chichester,  Subdeanery 

...  YIIL 

329 

„          St.  Mary's  Hospital  at 

IL  6,  YIIL 

330 

„  Clympynge,  Thomas  de 

...XYIL 

192 

„  Dene,  Robert  de   ... 

Y. 

157 

,,  East  Grinstead 

...XXIL 

225 

„  Eu,  Earl  of 

...  XIII.  L 

133 

5,  Grey,  Lady  Jane  ... 

...      lY. 

313 

'  J,  Hastings,  Port  of 

L 

16 

„           „        bailiff  of 

...XYIL 

65 

Priory  ... 

...  XIIL 

179 

St.  Mary's 

...       lb.  f. 

133 

,,  Hoo,  Thomas  de    ... 

...  YIIL 

126 

„  Hoo,  William  de   ... 

...      lb. 

106 

,,  Huntley,  Earl  of  ... 

...       lb. 

328 

„  Lewes  Priory         ...         11.  f.  19, 

f.  20,  YIIL  f 

327 

„  Mailing  (see  South  Malliug). 

,,  Michelham  Priory... 

...      YI. 

146 

,,  New  Shoreham,  Corporation  of 

XXYII.  f 

82 

„               „               Hospital  of  St.  J 

ames 

at 

...       lb.  f 

78 

„  Parwikinus 

...  YIIL 

334 

,,  Pelham,  Sir  John  ... 

...    in. 

220 

J,  Peshale,  Richard  de 

...       X. 

119 

,,  Pevensey 

Lf 

.    16 

„  Robertsbridge,  Abbot  of 

...  YIIL 

171 

„                „              Abbey  of 

...      lb. 

143 

„  Rye 

L 

16 

„  St.  Martin,  Alurcd  do 

...  YIIL 

156 

..XXX. 

144 

I. 

f. 

16 

X. 

f. 

108 

..  VIII. 

270 

I. 

f. 

16 

..  VIII. 

39 

..      lb. 

40 

XXVI. 

266 

..      lb. 

265 

..       X. 

f. 

108 

55,  XI. 

f. 

138 

..XXV. 

f. 

84 

..XIII. 

236 

XXIV. 

9 

XXVI. 

215 

..  XXX. 

f. 

38 

224  INDEX   OF    ILLUSTRATIONS. 

Vol.  Page 

Seal,  Scotney 
,,  Seaford  ... 
„  Sele,  Priors  of 
„  South  Mailing  College 
,,  Winchelsea 
Sedgwick  Castle,  plan  of 
wall  of 
Selden,  arms  of 

„       miniature  of  John 
Sele,  seal  of  Priors  of   . . . 
Sepulchral  vessels 
Sergison  (and  Warden)  arms  of  ... 
Sheephook,  Pyecombe  ... 
Shelley,  arms  of  ...       .    .    ••• 

,,     monument  to  Sir  William 
Sherborne,  Bp.,  tomb  of 
Sherley  (see  Shirley). 
Shirley,  arms  of  ...  . . .     '     V.  7,  XIV.  f .  2  33 

„       effigy  of  Sir  Richard       ...  ...        V.        13 

Shoreham  (see  New  Shoreham). 

Shovelstrode,  arms  of  (see  Arms). 

Shurley,  tomb  of  Sir  John  ...  XVEII.       130 

Singleton,  implement  found  at     ...  ...   XVI.       300 

Slaugham,  *'  Benfield  "in  ...  ...        X.       160 

Place,  from  east  ...  ...        lb.  f.  160 

north  front  ...        lb.  f.  165 

west  arch  ...        lb.  f.  161 

carved  staircase       ...       lb.  f.  163: 
carving  of  dog's  head       lb.       162 
„       of  lion's  head       lb.       1631 
Church,  mural  paintings  at       ...   XIII.  f.  237 

„       ditto,  ditto lb.  f.  238 

Slindon  Church,  ground  plan  &c.  ...   XIX.  f.  127 

Sluice,  map  of  the  liberty  of       ...  ...        lb.  f .     32 ' 

Smugglers,  hanging  of  Sussex  ...  ...         X.         94 

South  Bersted  Church,  parish  chest  in      ...XXIV.  f.  179! 
,,  incised  stone  in  tower 

of         ...  ...        lb.       170! 

South  Hartir.g  Church  ...  XXVIII.  f.  110 


L 


INDEX    OF    ILLUSTRATIONS. 


South  Mailing  College,  ruins 

,,  „      Tudor  arch  in  kitchen 

,,  n      seal 


Vol. 

V. 

lb. 

YIII. 

IX. 

XX. 

XI. 

V. 

...      lY. 

...  lb.  f. 

...       lb. 

...XXII. 

Y. 

...       lb. 

...      IX. 

...  XYI. 

...      lY. 

...      YI. 

XXYIII. 

XXYII. 

lb, 


Southover  Priory 

Springett,  monument  to  Sir  William 

Stanestreet  and  causeway,  map  of  part  of. 

Stanstead,  in  Stoughton 

Stapley,  arms  of 

Stedham  Church,  mural  paintings  in 

„  stone  carvings  in 

Steyning  Church,  interior  of 
,,  ,,       capital  in 

,,       old  schoolhouse  at 
,,       coin  minted  at 
,,       device  in 
Stone,  arms  of  ... 

Stopham,  arms  of 

,,        pottery  found  at 

„        Church 

,,  ,,      window  of 

,,        House,  east  front  of     ...  ...       lb. 

,,        Manor-house  ...  ...       lb. 

„        bridge  ...  ..."  ...        lb 

Storrington  Downs  (see  Urn). 

Street  (or  Streat)  Place,  interior  of  room...       lY. 
,,  door  of  room  ...  ...        lb. 

view  of     ...     _         ...  ...XXY. 

,,  stone  mantelpiece   ...  ...        lb. 

Stylus  ...  ...  ...  ...       11. 

Sussex,  arms  of  ...  ...  XXIY. 

Sutton  Hurst,  chimney -back  at  ...  ...        II. 

Swanborough  manor-house  ...  XXIX. 

„  „  roof  ...       lb. 

5,  „  gateway  ...        lb. 

,,  5,  newel  staircase         lb. 

5,  „  arches  of  door- 

ways ...        lb. 

,,  spear-heads  and  celt  from  lb. 

J,  fibula    and    carved    stone- 

work from         ...  lb. 

XXX.  2  G 


225 

Page 

140 
141 

336 

f.    44 

f.  127 

65 

f.  291 

1,  f.  19 

f.    20 

f.      2 

120 

126 

369 

238 

f.  291 

f.    76 

203 

f.    60 

.  f.    62 

.  f.    37 

,  f.    59 

.  f.    60 

f.    93 

f.    94 

f.  126 

f.  127 

174 

24 

f.  217 

f.  114 

138 

139 

140 


134 


226 


INDEX   OF   ILLUSTRATIONS. 


Vol.  Page 

Swanborougli,  facsimile  of  Domesday   re- 
lating to  ...  XXIX.  f.  135 


T. 

Tablet,  ancient 

Tanners  (see  Waldron). 

Tarring,  West,  old  house  io 

Thundridge,  Pelham  buckle  at   ... 

Ticehurst  Church,  brass  in 

Tiles,  Sussex    III.  f.  238-9,  XI.  130,  XVI. 

Tokens,  tradesmen's    ... 

Tongue-scraper 

Torel,  arms  of 

Touchpiece  of  Queen  Elizabeth  ... 

Trug,  Sussex 

Turner,  arms  of 

„       portrait  of  Rev.  E. 

U. 

Uckfield,  the  old  bridge 
,,       the  old  church 
,,       north  end  of  cell 
„       south  end  of  cell 
Up-Park 

Uriconium,  comb  at 
Urns  from  Alfriston 
„    from  Hardham 
„    found  at  Seaford  ... 
„     from  Borraer 
Urn,  British,  at  Storrington 
,,    found  at  Langford 
„    from  Rumboldswyke 

V. 

Vase  found  near  Gljnde 

Vases,  two  earthen 

Venus  Room,  Bignor  (see  Bignor). 


VII.  (app.)  27 

...  XXX. 

198! 

...     VII. 

65 

...VIII.  f. 

17! 

[.128,XXI.f.  33) 

...      XL 

171, 

V. 

201 

...   XIV.  f. 

233  i 

...XXV. 

206 

...  XIII. 

212 

...  XXV.  f. 

217i 

...       lb. 

il 

1 

...     XII.  f. 

1 
t 

Ij 

...       lb.  f. 

8 

...       lb. 

9 

...       lb. 

10 

XXVIII.  f. 

99 

...XXII. 

60  i 

II. 

270: 

...      XL 

138 

VII.  74,  IX. 

368 

...XVIIL 

65 

L 

55 

...XXIL 

64 

...XVIL 

255 

XXIII.  f. 

82 

X. 

177 

;.                                        INDEX    or   ILLUSTRATIONS.  227 

Vol.  Page 

Verdley  Castle,  ground  plan       ...  ...     XII.  f.  265 

Vere  de,  arms  of           ...              ...  ...       VI.  f.    77 

Vermandois  (see  Arms). 

Vinall,  arms  of               ...              ...  XXIX.       146 

Yirius,  coin  of                ...              ...  ...      IX.      370 


W. 

AYadlinrst,  andiron  at  . . .              ...  ...         II.  f.  199 

Wakelierst,  brass  to  Richard  and  Elizabeth         lb.  f.  311 

Wakehurst  Place,  west  front       ...  ...         X.  f.  158 

„              ,,       hall  and  staircase  ...        lb.  f.  157 

,,              ,,       south  front     ...  ...        lb.       155 

Waldron,  Tanners  and  Possingworth  at  ...  XIII.  f .     80 

,,       Pelham  arms  at                ...  ...      III.      221 

Warbleton  Church,  brass  at         ...  ...        11.  f.  307 

„  5,       plan  of  and  earthworks  XYII.  f.  167 

,,                  5,       door  in  tower  ...        lb.  f.  166 

,,                  „       old  chest      ...  ...       lb.  f.  167 

Priory         ...              ...  ...  XIII.  f.  160 

,,                ,,     doorway  in       ...  ...        lb.      162 

,,  „     Pelham  buckle  and  cross  at      lb.      161 

,,  „     sepulchral  slab  at  Marklye  XVI.      296 

Warden  (see  Sergison). 
Wardeux  (see  Arms). 

Warnett,  arms  of          ...              ...  ...       VI.  f.    77 

,,       of  Hempstead,  arms  of  ...       IV.  f.  291 

Warren  de,  arms  of      ...              ...  ...       VI.  f.     77 

Warrenne  de,  badge  of...              ...  XVIII.         70 

Wartling  Church,  Pelham  badge  on  ...      III.      227 

West,  arms  of                ...              ...  XXIV.         10 

,,      badges  of             ...              ...  ...        lb.         11 

West  Blatchington  Church           ...  ...     VIII.  4,  13 

WestboLirne  Church     ...              ...  ...XXII.  f.    77 

Westdean  Church         ...              ...  ...      III.  f.    16 

„                ,,     plan  of             ...  ...        lb. 

,,                ,,     windows  in      ...  ...        lb. 

,,                „     mural  canopy  in  ...        lb.  f.     17 

,,                ,,     arch  and  font  in  ...        lb. 


228 


INDEX   OF   ILLUSTRATIONS. 


f. 


Vol.  Page 

Westdean  Rectory,  plan  of  ...  ...      III.  f.    13 

,,  „        north-east  view  of       ...        lb. 

,j  „         south-west  view  of      ...       lb. 

,,  „        interior  of    ...  ...       lb.  f.    14 

,,  „        windows,  &c.,  in  ...       lb. 

West  Grinstead  Church  ...  ...  XXII.  f .       7 

Old  Place  House  ...        lb.  f.    10 

West  Hampnett  Church,  ground  plan  of  ...   XXI.  f.    40 
„  ,,        chancel  arch  of  ...        lb.  f.    33 

,,  „        Roman  tile  ...        lb. 

cottage  of  Lilly  white  at  lb.  XXVIII.  f .  19 
Westmeston  Church,  mural  paintings  in — 

(1)  Western  face   of   eastern     wall   of 

nave 

(2)  Demoniacal  (?)  figure     ... 

(3)  Our  Lord  and  SS.  Peter  and  Paul         lb.  f. 

(4)  Agnus  bearing  cross     ...  ...        lb.  f . 

(5)  Scourging  of  Christ        ...  ...         lb. 

(6)  Adoration  of  Magi        ...  ...        lb.  f. 

(7)  Dation  ...  ...  ...        lb.  f. 

(8)  Abler  ...  ...  ...        lb.  f. 

Weston  (see  Wiston). 

Whetstone,  ancient 

Wilbeiforce,  grave  of  Bishop 

Willai'd,  arms  of 

Willingdon,  leaden  coffer  found  at 

AVilmington,  British  antiquities  found  at 

,,  Church     ... 

„  ,,       plan  of 

,,  ,,       arches  and  window  in 


XVI. 
lb. 


VII.  (app.) 
XXIX.  f. 


„  Giant 

„  Priory 

„  „      east  view  of... 

„  „      gateway  of  ... 

,,  ,,      groined  room  in 

,,  yew  tree  at 

Wilye,  arms  of  (see  Arms). 
Windmill  hill,  heronry  at 
Winchelsea,  seal  of 


9 
10 
15 

52 

64 

XIV.  f.  233 

L      160 

XIV.  f.  171 

IV.  f.    60 

lb. 

lb.  &    60 
IV.  63,  XXVL  97,  102,  110,  112 


XXVI. 
.  IV. 
lb. 
.  lb. 
.       lb. 


f. 


108 
62 


66 


XXVII.  f.  110 
Lf.    16 


INDEX   OF   ILLUSTRATIONS. 


229 


Vol. 


Page 


Wisborougli  Grreen  Church,  mural  painting 

in  ...XXII 

„  ■  ,5         plan  of  position 

of  ditto 
Wiston,  arms  of 

plan  of  Roman  building  at 
Church,  effigy  in 

,,       Shirley  ei^gy  in 
House  (temp.  Charles  I.) 
(by  Hollar)       ... 
(1835) 
Wistoneston  (see  Wiston). 
Wivelsfield  Church,  ground  plan... 

„  ,,       examples  of  styles 

Woollen,  burial  in 
Worth 

,,       chimney  back  at 
„       Church,  ground  plan  of    ... 
,,  interior  of 

„         chancel  arch  of    ... 
,,         font  of  ... 
„         pilasters  of 
Wybarne,  brass  to  John 


Yainville  Church  (Normandy) 


f.  134 


...     lb. 

144 

V.  2.  VI. 

f. 

76 

...       II. 

313 

Y. 

6 

...       lb. 

13 

...       lb. 

f. 

1 

...       lb. 

f. 

14 

...       lb. 

1 

...XXII. 

f. 

50 

lb. 

f. 

53 

XVIIT. 

192-3 

...   VIII. 

f. 

235 

II. 

f. 

189 

...       lb. 

f.  241 

...       lb. 

...       lb. 

...        lb. 

244 

...        lb. 

239 

...       lb. 

f. 

17 

...      IX. 

f. 

92 

LIST  or  BOOKS  ADDED  TO  THE  LIBRARY  OF 
THE  SUSSEX  ARCH^OLOGICAL  SOCIETY, 
PROM  JANUARY  1,  1877,  TO  DECEMBER 
31,  1879. 


Akch^ologia,  Miscellaneous  Tracts  relating  to  Antiquity,  pub- 
lished by  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  of  London.  Vol. 
44.     Vol.  45,  Part  1.     4to.     London.     1873-1877. 

Presenttd  b>/  the  Socieiy, 

Akch^olcgia  Cambrensis — Journal  of  the  Cambrian  Archaeo- 
logical Association.      Fourth  Series.      Vols.  1,  8,  9,  and 
Vol.  10,  Part  1.     8vo.     London.     1876-9. 
Presented  by  the  Association. 

Aech^ologia  Cantiana- — Tninsactions  of  the  Kent  Archaeolo- 
gical Society.    Vols.  11  and  12.    8vo.    London.     1877-8. 
Presented  by  the  Society. 

Arch^ological  Jooknal.      Published  under   the   direction  of 
the  Archaeological  Institute  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland. 
Vol.  33.     Nos.  ]  29,  130,  131.     Vols.  34,  35,  and  Vol.  30, 
Nos.  141,  142,  143.     8vo.     London.     1876-1879. 
/'resented  by  the  InstitiUe. 

Attkee  (F.  W.  J.,  R.E.),  Ditchling  Inscriptions.     MS.  1877-8. 
/'resented  by  the  Author. 

Barker  (W.  G.,  M.B.,  Lend.),  On  the  Climate  of  Woi thing. 
1  vol.     8vo.     London.     1860. 

Presented  by  the  Author. 

Birch  (S.,  LL.D.),  Eeniark  upon  the  Cover  of  the  Granite 
Sarcophagus  of  Pameses  ill.  in  the  Fitzwilliam  Museum. 
Cambridge,  1876. 

Presented  by  the  Cambridge  Antiquarian  Society. 

British  Arch^ological  Association,  Journal  of.  Vols.  32, 
33,  34,  and  Vol.  35,  Parts  1  and  2.  8vo.  London. 
1876-9. 

Piesented  by  the  Association. 


LIST    or    BOOKS    ADDED    TO    THE    LIBEARY,    ]  877-9.      231 

EucKLEE  (Geoege),  Colchester  Castle  a  Eoman  Building- — 2nd 

and  3rd  sections.     Privately  printed.     1877.1879. 

Presented  by  the  Author. 

Cambeidge  Antiquakian  Society — 

Reports  and  Communications,  Nos.  17,  18,  19,  20.     Svo. 

Cambridg-e.     1878-9. 
Octavo  Publications  of.     Parts  15  and  16.     Cambridge. 

1878. 

Presented  by  the  Society. 

Cass    (F.     C,     M.A.),    South   Mimms.       4to.      "Westminster. 

1877. 
Presented  by  the  London  and  Middlesex  Archceologiccd  Society. 

Chambees  (Geoege  P.,  F.P.A.S.),  Handbook  to  the  County  of 
Sussex.  1  vol.  Pea}).  8vo.  London  (Edwd.  Stanford, 
55,  Charing  Cross).     1877. 

Presented  by  the  Publisher. 

CooPEE  (W.  Dueeant),  The  History  of  Winchelsea.  1  vol. 
Original  MS.,  with  extra  notes. 

Purchased  by  the  S.  A.  S. 

A  Poll  for  Knights  of  the  Shire  for  the  County 

of  Sussex,  taken  at  Lev^-es,  in  the  said  County,  the  24tli 
May,  1705.  Copied  from  the  Original  at  Glynde  Place 
by  W.  Durrant  Cooper.     MS. 

Presented  by  J.  C.  Lucas,  F.S.A. 

Dixon   (P.,  P.G.S.),     The   Geology  of  Sussex.      New  Edition. 
1  vol.     4to.     Brighton  (W.  J.  Smith).     1878. 
Purchased  by  the  S.  A.  S. 

Duke  (Geoege),  The  Life  of  Major-General  Worge.  1  vol. 
8vo.     London.     1844. 

Presented  by  G.  P.  Bacon,  Esq. 

Elliott  (Thos.),  Remarks  on  the  probable  site  of  the  British 
City  and  Roman  Station  of  Anderida,  and  on  the  Ancient 
Course  of  the  River  Rother.     Rye.     1877. 

Presented  by  the  Author. 

Ellis  (Joseph),  Meletae.     1  vol.     8vo.     London.     1869. 

Presented  by  the  Author. 

Elvv^es  (Dudley  Geoege  Caey,  P. S. A.),  The  Castles,  Mansions, 
and  Manors  of  Western  Sussex.  Parts  2  and  '6.  4to. 
London.     1878-9. 

Purchased  by  the  S.  A.  S. 

Essex  AECHiEOLOGicAL  Society,  Transactions  of.      New  Series. 
Vol.  1,  Parts  3,  4.     8vo.     Colchester.     1876-8. 
Presented  by  the  Society. 


232      LIST    OF   EOOKS    ADDED    TO    THE    LIBEAEY,    1877-9. 

Gent  (H.  C),  Gallise  Speculum,  or  a  New  Survey  of  the  French 

Court  and  Camp.     1vol.     12mo.     London.     1673. 

Presented  by  C.  L.  Prince,  F.R.A.S. 

Harrison  (J.  Park,  M.A.),  On  Some  Further  Discoveries  at 
Cissbury.  Eeprinted  from  the  Journal  of  the  Anthro- 
pological Institute,  May,  1877. 

Presented  by  

Hayley  (Wileiam),  The  Triumph  of  Music ;    a   Poem  in  six 
cantos.     1  vol.     4to.     Chichester.     1804. 
PresenUdby  G.  P.  Bacon,  Esq. 

The  Triumphs  of  Temper;  a  Poem  in  six  cantos 

1  vol.     4to.     London.     1781. 

Presented  by  G.  P.  Bacon,  Esq. 

Kilkenny  and  South  East  of  Ireland  Arch^ological 
Society,  Proceedings  and  Transactions  of.  4th  Series. 
Vol.  4,  and  Nos.  37,  38.  Vol.  5.  8vo.  Dublin. 
1876-9. 

Presented  by  the  Society. 

Lancashire  and  Cheshire  Historic  Society,  Transactions  of. 
Third  Series.  Vols.  3,  4,  6,  6.  8vo.  Liverpool. 
1875-8. 

Presented  by  the  Society. 

Lee  (Arthur),  The  Battaille  of  Lewes,  and  other  Legends  of 
St.  Pancras  Priory,  Lewes.     1  vol.     Lewes.     1847. 
Pvrchased  by  the  S.  A.  S. 

Leppard  and  Co.'s  Brighton  and  Hove  Director}^,  1843.  1  vol. 
8vo.     Brighton. 

Presented  by  G.  P.  Bacon,  Esq. 

London  and  Middlesex  Arch.eoi  ogical  Society,  Transac- 
tions of.     Vol.  5,  Parts  1  and  2.     London.     1877-9. 

Presented  hy  the  Society. 

Martin  (Alderman    Henry),   The   History  of  Brighton    and 
Environs.     1  vol.     8vo.     Brighton.     1871. 
Presented  by  G.  P   Bacon,  Esq. 

Michell  (H.,  a.m.),  De  Arte  Medendi.  1  vol.  8vo.  London. 
1783. 

Presented  by  Henry  Wagner,  F.S.A. 

Michell  (Richard,  curate  of  Friston  and  Eastdean),  Fugitive 
Pieces  on  various  subjects.  2  vols.  12mo.  Lewes 
(W.  and  A.  Lee).     1787. 

Presented  by  G.  P.  Bacon,  Esq. 

MoNGREDiEN  (AuGUSTus),  Frcc  Trade  and  English  Commerce. 
London.     1879. 


LIST   OF    BOOKS    ADDED    TO    THE   LIBRARY,    1877-9.      233 

MossE  (Edward  S.),  Traces  of  an  Early  Race  in  Japan.  Re- 
printed from  the  Popular  Science  Monthly  for  January, 
1879.     New  York. 

Moss  (W.  G.),  The  History  and  Antiquities  of  the  Town  and 

Port  of  Hastings.     1vol.     8vo.     London.     1824. 

Purchased  by  the  S.  A.  S. 

KoKFOLK  AND  NoRwicH  Akch^ological   Society,  Publications 
of.     Vol.  8.     8vo.     Norwich.     1874-9. 
Presented  by  the  Society. 

Parry  (J.  D.,  M.A.),  An  Historical  and  Descriptive  Account  of 
the  Coast  of  Sussex.     1  vol.     8vo.     London.     1833. 

Purchased  by  the  S.  A.  S. 

Powys-Land  Club,    Collections  Historical  and   Archseological 
relating  to  Montgomeryshire.      V^ols.   10  and   11.     Vol. 
12,  Parti.     8vo.     London.     1877-9. 
Presented  by  the   Club. 

Smith  (C.  Roach,  F.S.A.,  &c.),    Collectanea   Antiqua.     Vol.  7, 
Part    1.      8vo.       London.     1878.     Discovery  of  Altars, 
V  Coins,  &c.,  near  the  site  of  Procolitia  on  the  line  of  the 

Roman  Wall.  Reprinted  from  Muniment  Chronicle. 
The  Halinghen  Inscription  in  the  Museum  of  Boulogne 
(from  the  Proceedings  of  the  London  and  Middlesex 
Archaeological  Society) . 

Presented  by  the  Author. 

Smithsonian  Institution.      Report   of  the  Board  of  Regents 
for  the  year  1877.     1vol.     8vo.     Washington.     1878. 
Presented  by  the  Institution. 

Society  of  Antiquaries  of  London,  Proceedings  of.  Second 
Series.     Vol.  7.     1876-8. 

Presented  by  the  Society. 

Society  of  Antiquaries  of  Scotland,  Proceedings  of.  Vol. 
11,     Vol.  12,  Part  1.     4to.     Edinburgh.     1875-7. 

Presented  by  the  Society. 

Somersetshire  Arch^olog:cal  and  Natural  History 
wt  Society,  Proceedings  of.  General  Index.  Vols.  1-20. 
I  Vols.  22,  23,  24.     8vo.     Taunton.     1876-9. 

K  Presented  by  the  Society. 

Sussex  Aech^ological  Society,  Collections  of.  Vols.  27,  28, 
29.     8vo.     Lewes.     1877-9. 

United  Architectural  Societies  of  York,  Bedford,  Lin- 
coln, Leicester,  &c.,  Reports  and  Papers  of.  8vo. 
VoLl6,  Part2.     Linculn.     1878. 

Presented  by  those  Societies. 

,       XXX.  2  H 


i 


234     LIST    OF    BOOKS    ADDED   TO    THE    TJBRAUY,     1877-9. 

Walcott  (Mackenzie  E.  C,  B.D.,  E.S.A.),  The  Early  Statutes 
of  the  Cathedral  Church  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  Chichester. 
1  vol.     4to.     London.     1877. 

Presented  by  the  AvtJior. 

Wright    (Thomas),   The    History    and    Topography    of     the 

County  of  Essex.     2  vols.     4to.     London.     1836. 

Purchased  by  the  S.  A.  S. 

Yorkshire  Arch^ological  and  Topographical  SociExr, 
Journal  of.  Vols.  3  and  4.  Vol,  5,  Parts  xviii.,  xix.,  xx. 
8vo.     London.     1875-9. 

Presented  by  the  Society. 

Handbooks  to  Battle  Abbey,  Brighton,  Chichester,  Eastbourne, 
Lewes,  Littleharapton. 

Fnrchased  by  the  S.  A.  S. 

MAPS. 

(Pocket)  of  Sussex  and  Hastings.  '\ 

Dorsetshire :  its  Celtic,  Roman,  Saxon,  and  Danish  Vestige^^ 
By  Charles  Warne,  F.S.A. 

The  Catalogue  of  the  Library  to  the  year  1877  was  'published  in 
Vol.  xxvii.  212. 

ROBERT  CROSS  KEY, 

Hon.  Curator  and  Libi-arian. 


NOTES  AND   QUERIES. 


No.  1. 

The  Lavingtons. 

(See  Vol.  xxix.,  pp,  49,  60.) 

I  am  obliged  to  Mr.  Elwes,  both  for  the  courteous  manner  in  which  he 
has  referred  to  my  having  pointed  out  the  error,  which  he  and  other 
Sussex  Archa?ologists  had  fallen  into  respecting  the  Hundred  in  which 
Barlavington  is  situated,  and  for  his  having  corrected  it  in  the  Ad- 
denda to  his  "  Castles  of  Western  Sussex  ;"i  and  also  for  his  drawing 
my  attention  to  the  fact,  that  Henry  Garton  was  M.P.  for  Arundel  in 
1640,  and  not  in  1670,  as  stated  by  me  f  as  he  died  in  1641.  I  have 
ascertained  from  the  Return  of  Members  of  Parliament  ordered  to  be 
printed  by  the  House  of  Commons  1  March,  1878,  that  Mr.  Elwes  is 
quite  right  in  this.  Mr.  Garton  was  succeeded  by  John  Dovvne,  Esq. 
I  have  no  doubt,  as  Mr.  Klwes  suggests,  it  was  an  error  of  the  Press, 
the  figure  4  being  easily  mistaken  for  that  of  7  in  rapid  printing. 

Mr,  Elwes  has  expressed  surprise  at  my  "  having  omitted  all  mention 
of  Garton  Orme,  M.P.  for  Arundel  from  1741  to  1754."  Mr,  Elwes  will 
pardon  me  for  remarking,  that  both  Horsfield  and  Dallaway  say  he  was 
M.P.  for  Arundel  for  a  longer  period  than  that,  viz.,  fi-om  1739  to  1754, 
although,  as  the  Parliamentary  Return  of  members  hitherto  published 
does  not  as  yet  come  down  as  far  as  1739,  it  is  true  I  cannot  verify  their 
assertion  by  that  indisputable  authority,  and  I  did  not  pretend  to  give  a 
genealogical  table  of  the  Garton  family,  or  a  list  of  their  honours.  I 
find,  however,  that  I  have  fallen  into  an  error  (being  misled  by  the  way 
in  which  Dallaway's  table  is  arranged),  by  naming  Garton  Orme's  brother 
Robert  Orme,  instead  of  himself,  as  the  father  of  Charlotte  married  to 
Richard  Bettesworth,  and  the  passage  therefore  in  xxix.,  S.  A.  C,  p,  60, 
beginning  "  The  Mr.  Sargent,"  should  stand  thus — 

"  The  Mr,  Sargent  who  built  this  house  became  possessed 
of  this  manor  in  right  of  his  wife,  having  married  Charlotte 
Bettesworth,  whose  father  Richard  Bettesworth,  of  Pet- 
woi'th,  had  married  Charlotte  Orme,  daughter  and  heir 
of  Garton  Orme,  Esq.,  M.P.  for  Arundel,  1739-1754,  which 
Garton  Oime  was  a  son  of  Robert  Orme,  of  VVooUavington, 
whose  father,  Robert  Orme,  of  Peterborough,  had  married 
Mary  Garton,  the  daughter  and  heir  of  Henry  Garton,  Esq., 
M.P.  for  Arundel  1640,  and  the  direct  male  descendant  of 
Giles  Garton,  the  original  purchaser  of  the  estate." 

Thojias  Debary. 

>  Seep.  282.  ^  xxix.,  S.A.C,  60. 


236 


NOTES    AiND    QUElilES. 


No.  2. 

William  Penn — The  L-elands  of  Highfure — The  Hearth  Tax. 

Nov.  21st,  1878.  A  beautiful  hunting  morning.  The  meet,  Broad- 
ford  Bridge.  Lord  Leconfield's  hounds,  and  a  large  field.  Found  at 
Woods  Hill  Eough,  and  had  a  most  excellent  rmi.  On  coming  to  a 
check  during  the  run,  I  met  Mr.  George  Ireland,  of  Highfure,  Billings- 
hurst.  A  conversation  took  place — how  it  originated  it  is  difficult  to 
say — but  Mr.  Ireland  informed  me  how  long  his  family  had  been  at  High-, 
fure,  and  how  liis  ancestors  had  paid  the  Hearth  Tax,  for  Avhich  he  pro- 
duced some  curious  old  receipts,  of  which  the  following  are  copies,  as 
far  as  they  can  be  deciphered. 

"  Sussex 

ffebruary 
the  27  1600  &  seventy  one 
Received  of  Henry  Hussey  (?)  ■>> 

the  sum  of  ffouer  ; 

shillings  in  full  for  two  years 
duty  for  one  (?)  fire  hearths  {sic)  in       ;.         s 
the  seyd  house  due  j         4  ,,  0  ,,  0 

and  ended  at  Michaelniass  last  past         | 
I  say  received  by  J 

mee  Anthony  Soule  (?) 
(Collector)" 

"March  the  3^  IGOO  &  eighty 

Received  of  Mor :   (Maurice  ?)  Ireland 

the  sum  of  three 

shillings  in  full  for  one  half  years 

duty  for  three  fire-hearths  in 

his  house  in  Fewr  due 

&  ended  at  Micbaelmas  last  past 

I  say  received  by 

John  Younff,  Collector." 


s. 
7. 


Mr.  Ireland  also  produced  the  following  receipt : — 

"  June  y<^  5  day  1G91 

Then  received  of  Mouris  (?)  learland  for  snmeners        ^ 
the   sum  of  Seven   Shelings  and  to  penc  being  the         £ 
second  payment  of  his  quart rly  tax  aseased  )■  0. 

for  thaieres  maigyesties  lines  (highness?)  I  say  rcceved 
by  me     Jesse  Gray     Colietor " 

The  tax  on  fire  hearths  in  1672  produced  £170000. 
ditto  1689  £245000. 

He  also  informed  me  of  the  burial  place  of  William  Penn's  daughter, 
and  I  think  the  information  may  be  worthy  of  a  place  amongst  "  Notes 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES.  237 

and    Queries,"  in  this   year's  volume   of  the    "Sussex    Archteological 
Collections." 

William  Penn's  connection  -with  Sussex  commenced  in  1676,  when, 
according  to  Cartwright,  Warminghurst  was  sold  to  him.  He  married 
in  1672,  before  he  bought  Warminghurst,  Gulielma  Maria,  the  daughter 
of  Sir  William  Springett,  who  was  killed  at  the  Siege  of  Bramber. 
A  daughter  of  Penn  was  buried  in  the  Friends'  meeting  house,  still 
in  existence  in  a  bye-lane  near  Conyliurst  Common,  in  the  parish  of 
Thakeham,  and  the  grave  can  be  pointed  oat.  Penn  always  attended 
service  in  this  chapel,  which  is  still  conducted  by  the  Society  of  Friends, 
and  there  is  a  congregation  of  about  70  every  Sunday. 

Warminghurst  was  sold  in  1644,  by  Sir  Thomas  Haselrige  and  Sir 
Thomas  Williamson  and  their  wives,  to  Henry  Bigland,  of  Gray's  Inn, 
Esq.,  by  whom  it  was  sold  in  1676  to  William  Penn,  Esq.  In  this  deed 
he  covenants  to  secure  the  premises  discharged  of  all  manner  of  tythes 
other  than  a  yearly  payment  of  2d  per  acre  due  and  payable  by  custom 
as  a  modus  to  his  Kector.  In  1702  Wm.  Penn,  Esq.,  sold  them  to  James 
Butler,  Esq.,  in  whose  family  they  continued  till  1789,  when  they  were 
allotted  to  Ann  Jemima,  eldest  daughter  of  James  Butler,  Esq.,  wife  of 
Eev.  Eobert  Clough,  by  whom  they  were  sold  in  1805  to  Charles,  lafce 
Duke  of  Norfolk,  and  now  form  a  part  of  the  settled  estates  of  the 
dukedom. 

Mr.  George  Ireland's  family  have  been  settled  at  Highfure  more  or  less 
since  the  year  1680.  That  they  were  there  in  1680  is  shown  by  the 
accompanying  Hearth  Tax  receipts,  though,  as  it  will  be  seen,  it  was  sold, 
and  purchased  by  Thomas  Cragg,  whose  daughter  marrying  Thos.  Ireland, 
it  came  into  the  Ireland  family  again. 

Maurice  Ireland,  of  Fure,  lived  there  in  1680  ;  he  had  an  only  daughter 
Mary,  who  married  William  Stenning,  at  whose  death  Fure  was  sold,  and 
purchased  by  Thomas  Cragg,  whose  only  daughter  marrying  Thomas 
Ireland,  the  property  reverted  to  the  Ireland  family.  John  Ireland, 
brother  of  the  above-named  Maurice,  lived  at  Garlands,  in  the  parish  of 
Rudgwick,  and  had  a  son  Maurice,  of  Rudgwick,  whose  son  Henry,  of 
Rudgwick,  had  a  son  Thomas,  who  married  Miss  Cragg,  and  so  became 
possessor  of  Highfure  ;  their  son  Thomas,  of  Highfure,  was  father  of  the 
present  George  Ireland,  and  four  other  sons. 

The  following  are  Sir  W.  Blackstone's  and  Lord  Macaulay's  accounts 
of  the  Hearth  Tax  : — 

"  A  seventh  head  of  the  Royal  Revenue  is  the  Inhabited  House 
Duty.  As  early  as  the  Conquest,  mention  is  made  in  Domesday 
Book  of  fumage  or  fuage,  vulgarly  called  smoke  farthings,  which 
were  paid  by  custom  to  the  King  for  every  chimney  in  the  house, 
and  we  read  that  Edward  the  Black  Prince,  soon  after  his  successes 
in  France,  in  imitation  of  the  English  custom,  imposed  a  tax  of 
a  florin  upon  every  hearth  in  his  French  dominions.  But  the  first 
Parliamentary  establishment  of  it  in  England  was  by  statute  13 
and  14  Car.  II.,  c.  10,  whereby  a  hereditary  revenue  of  2s.  for 
every  hearth  in  all  houses  paying  to  church  and  poor,  was  granted 
to  the  King  for  ever.     And  by  subsequent  statutes  for  the  more 


238  KOTES    AKD  QUERIES. 

regulai"  assessment  of  this  tax  the  constable  and  two  other  sub- 
stantial inhabitants  of  the  parish,  to  be  appointed  yearly,  or  the 
surveyor  appointed  by  the  Crown,  together  with  such  constable  or 
public  officer,  were,  once  in  every  year,  empowered  to  view  the 
inside  of  every  house  in  the  parish.  But,  upon  the  Kevolution, 
by  statute  (1  "VYm.and  M.,  St.  1,  c.  10)  hearth-money  was  declared 
to  be,  '  not  only  a  gieat  oppression  to  the  poorer  sort,  but  a  badge 
of  slavery  upon  the  whole  people,  exposing  every  man's  house  to 
be  entered  into  and  searched  at  pleasure  by  persons  unknown  to 
him  ;  and  therefore  to  erect  a  lasting  monument  of  their  Majesties' 
goodness  in  every  liouse  in  the  kingdom,  the  duty  of  hearth- 
money  was  taken  away  and  abolished.'  This  monument  of  good- 
ness remains  among  us  to  this  day  ;  but  the  prospect  of  it  was 
somewhat  darkened  when,  in  six  years  afterwards,  by  statute  7 
Wm.  III.  c.  18,  a  tax  was  laid  upon  all  houses,  except  cottages, 
of  2s.,  subsequently  advanced  to  3s.  per  annum,  and  a  tax  also 
upon  all  windows,  if  they  exceeded  nine,  in  such  house. "^ 

"  The  most  important  head  of  receipt  was  the  excise,  which,  in 
the  last  year  of  the  reign  of  Charles,  produced  five  hundred  and 
eighty-five  thousand  pounds,  clear  of  all  deductions.  The  net 
proceeds  of  the  Customs  amounted  in  the  same  year  to  five 
hundred  and  thirty  thousand  pounds.  These  burdens  did  not  lie 
very  heavy  on  the  nation.  The  tax  on  chimneys,  though  less  pro- 
ductive, raised  far  louder  murmurs.  The  discontent  excited  bj  direct 
imposts  is,  indeed,  almost  always  out  of  proportion  to  the  quantity 
of  money  which  they  bring  into  the  Exchequer;  and  the  tax  on 
chimneys  was,  even  among  direct  imposts,  peculiarly  odious  :  for 
it  could  be  levied  only  by  means  of  domiciliary  visits  ;  and  of 
such  visits  the  English  have  always  been  impatient  to  a  degree, 
which  the  people  of  other  countries  can  but  faintly  conceive.  The 
poorer  householders  were  frequently  unable  to  pay  their  hearth- 
money  to  the  day.  When  this  haj)pcned,  their  furniture  was 
distrained  without  mercy  ;  for  the  tax  was  farmed,  and  a  farmer 
of  taxes  is,  of  all  creditors,  proverbially  the  most  rapacious.  The 
collectors  were  loudly  accused  of  performing  their  unpopular 
duty  with  harshness  and  insolence.  It  was  said  that,  as  soon  as 
they  appeared  at  the  threshold  of  a  cottage,  the  children  began 
to  wail,  and  the  old  women  ran  to  hide  their  earthenware.  Nay, 
the  single  bed  of  a  poor  family  had  sometimes  been  carried  away 
and  sold.  The  net  annual  receipt  from  this  tax  was  two  hundred 
thousand  pounds. 

There   are,  in  the  Pepysian    Libraiy,  some  ballads  of  that  age  on  the 
chimney  money.     I  will  give  a  specimen  or  two  : — 

"The  good  old  dames,  whenever  they  the  chimney  man  espied, 
Unto  their  nooks  they  haste  away,  their  pots  and  pipkins  hide. 
There  is  not  one  old  dame  in  ten,  and  search  the  nation  through, 
But,  if  you  talk  of  chimney  men,  will  spare  a  curse  or  two." 

^  'Commentaries,'  Vol.  i.,  p.  289. 


NOTES    AXD    QUEPJE3.  239 

Again — 

"  Like  plundering  soldiers  they'd  enter  the  door, 
And  make  a  distress  on  the  goods  of  the  poor, 
While  frighted  poor  children  distractedlv  cried  ; 
This  nothing  abated  their  insolent  pride.'' 

In  the  British  Museum  there  are  doggerel  verses  composed  on  the 
same  subject  and  in  the  same  spirit : — 

"  Or,  if  through  poverty  it  be  not  paid, 
For  cruelty  to  tear  away  the  single  bed, 
On  which  the  poor  man  rests  his  weary  head. 
At  once  deprives  him  of  his  rest  and  bread." 

I  take  this  opportunity,  the  first  which  occurs,  of  acknowledging  most 
gratefully  the  kind  and  liberal  manner  in  which  the  Master  and  Vice- 
Master  of  Magdalene  College,  Cambridge,  gave  me  access  to  the  valuable 
collections  of  Pepys.''* 

The  rate  of  the  house  duty  imposed  in  1695  was  frequently  changed, 
till  its  repeal  by  4  and  5  VTm.  lY.,  c.  19.  It  was  re-imposed  as  a  sub- 
stitute for  the  Window-tax  in  1851,  which  was  then  abolished. 

Walter  B.  Barttelot. 


No.  3. 
Sardham's   Will. 

rSee  SiiprcL  p.  155,  note  ll.J 

The 
Last  Will  and  TestamexT' 

OF 

Me.  John  Hakdhaji,  &c. 

In  the  !^Came  of  God,  Amen. 

I  John  Hardham,  of  the  parish  of  St.  Bride  in  Fleet  Street,  London, 
Tobacconist  and  Snuff  Merchant,  being  sound  and  perfect  in  my  mind 
and  memory,  and  therefore  wilHug  at  this  time  to  dispose  of  my  affairs 
in  the  best  manner  I  am  able,  according  to  the  dictates  of  my  own  heart, 
and  best  judgement,  do  make  and  constitute  this  my  Last  Will  and 
Testament,  written  with  my  own  hand  (tho'  not  like  the  common  scrawl 
that  I  used  in  Trade  and  in  my  Letters),  in  manner  and  form  following  : 

And,  first,  I  resign  my  soul  to  Almighty  God,  my  Creator,  and  through 
his  mercy  hope  Forgiveness  of  my  Sins  and  eternal  Life ;  as  to  all  my 
worldly  Estates  of  which  I  shall  die  possessed  I  dispose  of  the  same  in 
the  following  manner. 

Imprimis,  I  will  that  all  my  Debts  and  Funeral  expences  shall  be 
fully  and  faithfully  paid  and  satisfied  by  my  Trustees,  herein  after 
mentioned. 

Item,  I  do  hereby  give  and  devise,  and  bequeath  all  my  money  in  the 

*  "  History  of  England,"  Vol.  i.,  p.  287. 


240  NOTES    AND    QUEHIES. 

Stocks,   unto  my  Trustees  in    Trust   for  Mary    Binmore,    herein  after 
mentioned. 

Item,  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  my  dear  Friends  as  follows;  To  Peck- 
ham  Williams,  Esq.,  of  Chichester,  Paul  Whitehead,  Esq.,  of  T\vicken- 
ham  Common,  Middlesex,  David  Garrick,  Esq.  the  famous  Actor,  John 
Covert,  Esq.,  of  Chichester,  or  Densworth,  John  Baker,  Esq  ,  at  Hor- 
sham, Sussex,  Josejih  Baker,  Surgeon,  at  Chichester,  Capt.  William 
Clovvdesly,  at  East  Moulsy,  Surrey,  Thomas  Hodgkin,  Sen.,  my  Tobacco 
Broker,  Richard  Willis,  my  Stock  Broker,  William  Cooper  Keating,  of 
Ludgate  Street,  and  to  each  and  every  one  of  them  a  Legacy  ot  Ten 
Guineas;  and  to  Elizabeth,  Mary  Powlet,  Anna  Maria  and  Alary  Ann 
Drinkwater,  the  four  youngest  Daughters  of  WoodrofF  and  Ann  Drink- 
water,  of  Chichester,  to  each  and  every  one  of  them,  a  Legacy  of 
Five  Guineas  to  buy  Mourning. 

Item,  I  give  to  William  Webb,  of  the  Excise  Office,  Londou,  and  son 
to  William  Webb,  Wine  Merchant  at  Chichester,  James  Hodgkin,  son 
of  the  said  Thomas  Hodgkin,  of  Watlin-Street,  London,  and  Josepli 
Baker,  son  of  Joseph  Baker,  of  C'liichester,  to  each  and  every  one  of 
them,  a  Legacy  of  Thirty  Guineas  for  their  trouble  in  the  execution  of 
the  Trust  hereafter  in  them  reposed.  Also  I  give  and  bequeath  unto 
the  said  William  Welib,  James  Hodgkin,  and  Joseph  Baker,  and  the 
survivors  and  survivor  of  them,  and  the  Executors  and  Administrators  of 
such  survivors,  all  my  Plate,  Jewels,  Pings,  Pictures,  China,  Beds, 
Linen,  Household  Goods,  Cloaths,  Harpsichord,  and  all  my  Furniture  of 
what  kind  or  nature  whatsoever,  and  all  my  Implements  of  Household, 
and  all  the  rest  and  Pesidue  of  my  Estate,  of  what  kind  whatsoever  and 
wheresoever  upon  this  special  trust  and  confidence  that  they  my  said 
Trustees  and  the  survivor  and  survivors  of  them,  and  Executors  and 
Administrators  of  such  survivor,  do  and  shall  with  all  convenient  speed 
after  my  death,  sell  and  dispose  of  all  my  Stock  in  Trade,  and  all  my 
Furniture,  except  such  part  of  it  as  the  said  Mary  Binmore  sliall  think 
proper  to  keep  for  her  own  use ;  yet  it  is  my  Will  that  she  shall  keep  all 
the  Household  Goods,  of  what  kind  or  nature  soever,  if  it  is  her  pleasure 
so  to  do,  as  my  Jewels,  Plate,  &c.,  above  mentioned;  but  if  'tis  her 
pleasure  to  sell  part  or  every  thing  that  belonged  to  me,  then  and  in  that 
case  my  Will  is,  that  every  thing  tliat  was  mine  be  sold  off  fur  the  best 
and  utmost  price  and  prices  that  can  or  may  be  had  or  gotten  for  the 
same;  but  by  no  means  to  hurry  on  the  Sale  to  the  disadvantage  of  the 
Estate;  and  also  collect,  receive,  and  get  in  all  my  outstanding  Debts, 
whether  secured  by  Bonds,  Notes  of  hand,  or  otherwise,  and  the  Money 
arising  therefrom,  and  also  all  ray  ready  Money  and  book  Debts  remain- 
ing, after  paying  off  my  ju^t  Debts,  Legacies,  and  Funeral  expenses,  for 
which  my  Will  is  that  no  more  be  expended  than  Ten  Pounds  (I  })ray  that 
my  Trustees  do  most  strictly  observe  this  Circumstance,  for  none  but  vain 
Fools  spend  more)  ;  and  the  cost  and  charges  of  my  Trustees,  in  proving 
this  n>y  Will,  and  other  incidental  charges  attending  the  same,  to  invest 
and  lay  out  in  the  purchase  of  Government  Securities,  but  in  particular 
in  the  reduced  Thiee  per  Cents.  Bank  Annuities,  where  now  it  lays  in 
my  Name  this  day,  January  the  20th,  1772,  the  Sum  of  Fifteen 
Thousand  Five  Hundred  Pounds  in  the  Names  of  them  the  said  William 


I 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES.  241 

Webb,  James  Hodgkin,  and  Joseph  Baker,  and  the  survivors  and 
survivor  of  them,  and  the  Executors  and  Administrators  of  such  survivor, 
upon  this  special  trust  and  confidence  that  they  my  said  Trustees  and 
the  survivors  of  them,  and  the  Executors  and  Administrators  of  such 
survivor  do  pay  and  apply  the  Dividends,  Interest  and  Produce,  half- 
yearly  arising  and  accruing  from  the  said  Government  Securities  so  to 
be  purchased  as  aforesaid,  and  that  I  am  intitled  to  at  the  time  of  my 
death,  unto  my  Housekeeper  Mary  Binmore,  now  the  wife  of  "William 
Dewick  Binmore,  which  said  Mary  Binmore  is  now  and  hath  for  many 
years  been  called  and  known  in  my  House  by  the  name  of  Nanny,  for  and 
during  the  term  of  her  natural  life,  for  her  sole  and  seperate  use ;  and 
not  to  be  subject  and  any  way  liable  to  the  Debts,  Engagements,  or 
Controul  of  the  said  William  Dewick  Binmore,  her  said  Husband,  and  for 
which  her  receipt  alone  shall  be  a  sufficient  discharge  to  my  said 
Trustees  ;  and  from  and  after  the  death  of  the  said  Mary  Binmore  my 
Will  and  mind  is,  and  I  direct  my  said  Trustees,  and  the  survivor  or 
survivors  ot  them,  and  the  Executors  and  Administrators  of  such 
survivor,  by  and  out  of  the  said  Dividends,  Interest,  and  Produce,  half- 
yearly  arising  from  the  said  Government  Securities,  to  pay  to  John 
Elliott  of  Phillip  Lane,  near  Wood-Street,  London,  Jeweller,  the  sum 
of  Fifteen  Pounds  every  half-yearly  payment  during  the  term  of  his 
natural  life ;  and  unto  Dorothy  Rion,  Wife  to  Captain  Stephen  Rion, 
now  of  Welbeck-street,  in  the  parish  of  St.  Mary-le-bone,  London,  the 
like  sum  of  Fifteen  Pounds  every  half-year  during  the  term  of  her 
natural  life,  the  payment  thereof  to  begin  and  be  made  at  the  end  of  the 
first  six  months  next  after  the  death  of  the  said  Stephen  Rion,  her 
present  husband  ;  and  after  the  death  of  the  said  Mary  Binmore  I  give 
to  Milly  Beck,  Spinster,  now  at  Francis  Bowis  in  Little- Windsor 
Court,  near  the  new  Church  in  the  Strand,  London,  the  sum  of  Fifteen 
Pounds  every  half  year  during  her  natural  life,  and  subject  and 
chargeable  with  the  said  several  half-yearly  payments.  I  direct  my 
said  Trustees,  and  the  survivors  of  them,  and  the  Administrators  of  such 
survivors,  and  the  Executors  and  Administrators  of  such  survivor  to  pay 
the  said  Dividends,  Interest,  and  Produce,  half-yearly,  arising  from  the 
said  Government  Securities,  after  the  death  of  the  said  Mary  Binmore  to 
John  Condell,  now  box-keeper  at  Covent  Garden  Theatre,  for  and 
during  the  term  of  his  natural  life  ;  and  from  and  after  his  death,  or  if 
he  should  die  in  the  lifetime  of  the  said  Mary  Binmore,  then  upon  the 
decease  of  the  survivor  of  them  the  said  Mary  Binmore  and  John 
Condell,  I  do  hereby  order  and  direct  that  my  said  Trustees,  and  the 
survivors  and  survivor  of  them,  ard  the  Executoi-s  and  Administrators 
of  such  survivor  to  assign  and  transfer  all  the  Government  Securities 
except  so  much  as  will  constitute  a  Fund  sufficient  to  discharge  the 
several  Annuities  payable  every  half  year  hereinbefore  mentioned, 
ordered  and  directed  to  be  paid  :  and  after  the  death  of  the  said  Mary 
■  Binmore  and  John  Condell  I  hereby  give  and  bequeath  the  Interest 
only  of  the  Fifteen  Thousand  Fife  Hundred  Pounds  now  in  the  said 
Three  per  Cents.  Bank  Annuities  as  well  as  all  the  rest  of  my  Hlstates 
that  shall  be  found  in  the  same  Stock  at  the  time  of  my  death,  as  well 
as  all  the  rest  of  my  Estates  when  they  are   collected  together,  my  Will 

XXX.  2  1 


242  NOTES   AND    QUERIliS. 

is,  that  every  thing  of  Monies  and  Eifects,  of  what  nature  soever,  be 
disposed  of,  and,  as  I  have  said,  put  into  the  said  Fund  ;  and  I  give  the 
Interest  only,  (mark  me)  the  Interest  only,  for  the  principal  is  to 
remain  in  the  said  Fund  for  ever,  to  the  Guardians  or  Trustees  for  their 
time  being  of  the  Poor  House  belonging  to  the  City  of  Chichester  in 
Sussex,  to  ease  the  inhabitants  of  the  said  City  in  their  poors'  rate  for 
ever,  and  that  part  of  the  Pancrass  that  belongs  to  the  said  City ;  but 
my  "Will  is,  as  I  have  said  that  the  Trustees  shall  leave  a  sufficient  Fund 
for  the  payment  of  the  said  Annuities;  and  my  Will  is,  that  my 
Trustrees  do  invest  all  my  Estates  that  I  shall  die  possessed  of  into  the 
said  Fund  ;  and  the  Interest  of  the  whole,  when  all  is  collected  together, 
to  be  paid  to  the  said  ]\Iary  Binmore  during  her  natural  life  ;  and  after, 
her  death,  to  the  said  John  Condell  ;  provided  nevertheless,  and  my  Will 
and  mind  farther  is,  that  if  the  said  JMary  Binniore  shall  marry  a  second 
Husband,  then  and  in  that  case,  and  from  and  immediately  after  such 
second  marriage,  the  payments  of  all  the  said  Dividends,  Interest  and 
produce  of  the  said  Government  Securities,  as  well  as  those  that  shall  be 
due  at  the  time  of  such  marriage,  as  any  future  payments  thereof  shall 
cease,  and  be  no  longer  paid  to  her  the  said  I\lary  Binmore,  but  that  the 
same  sliall  then  and  from  henceforth  vest  in  and  be  paid  and  payable  to 
and  unto  the  said  John  Condell  ;  and  my  Will  and  mind  farther  is,  that 
my  said  Trustees  do  collect  in  all  my  outstanding  Debts  as  soon  as  they 
can,  but  not  to  oppress  the  poor  ;  and  as  fast  as  they  collect  them  in  to 
buy  Stock  into  the  said  Fund  aforesaid  and  in  no  other  Fund,  being 
confident  that  that  Stock  will  never  be  lower  than  Three  per  Cent,  as  it 
now  is  :  And  'tis  my  Will  that  my  Trustees  do  sell  my  Bridge  Bonds; 
I  have  six  which  cost  me  600£,  and  pays  Four  per  Cent,  and  put  the 
Money  into  the  above  Fund  to  save  my  Trustees  some  trouble  in  collect- 
ing in  my  Dividends  in  April  and  October,  the  two  half-yearly  payments, 
as  when  all  my  Estates  are  in  one  Fund  it  will  save  the  Guardians  and 
Trustees  of  the  Poor  House,  of  the  said  City  of  Chichester,  a  great  deal 
of  trouble ;  and  when  it  is  all  collected  together  there  will  not  be  any 
trouble  in  receiving  the  said  Dividends.  In  all  my  former  Wills  I  gave 
my  Estates  to  my  brother-in-law,  Thomas  Ludgater  ;  but  as  he  is  now  ; 
grown  old  (about  74),  and  as  he  liave  no  Child,  and  a  plenty  of] 
Fortune,  I  thought  it  bc-t  to  leave  it  as  I  have  done,  for  now  it  will  be  a  ' 
benefit  to  the  said  City  for  ever  ;  or  if  I  had  disposed  of  in  Legacies  j 
in  a  few  years  the  whole  would  have  been  annihilated  and  come  to  I 
nothing.  And  lastly,  I  do  hereby  make,  constitute  and  appoint  the  i 
said  William  Webb,  James  Hodgkin,  and  Joseph  Baker,  joint 
Executors  of  this  my  last  Will  and  Testament,  revoking  all  former  Wills 
by  me  made.  For  witness  whereof  I  have  hereunto  set  my  Hand 
and  Seal,  this  sixth  dny  of  February,  in  the  Year  of  our  Lord,  1772. 

John  Hardham  (L.  S.) 
Singed,    Sealed,   Published,  and  declared  by  the  said  Testator  as  and 
for  his  last  Will  and  Testament,  in  the  presence  of  us  who  have  here- 
unto subscribed   our   Names  as   Winesses  hereof  and  hereunto  in  the 
presence  of  the  said  Testator,     (N.B. — Some  Interlineations). 
Witnesses. — William   Clare, 

Thomas  Moxkland, 

James  Peeke. 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES.  243 

N.B. — William  Clare,  HaberJaslier,  Thomas  Monkland,  Tinman, 
hotli  opposite  Bridge  Lane,  Fleet-Street,  James  Peene  now  lives  with 
me,  a  son  of  Henry  Peene,  of  Canterbnry. 

Proved  at  London  the  3d  of  October,  1772,  before  the  Worshipful 
Andrew  Coltee  Ducarel,  Doctor  of  Laws  and  Surrogate,  by  the  oaths  of 
William  Webb  and  James  Hodgkin,  two  of  the  Executors  named  in  the 
said  Will,  to  whom  Administration  was  granted,  having  been  first  sworn 
duly  to  administer  (power  reserved  to  make  the  like  grant  to  Joseph 
Baker,  the  other  Executor,  named  in  the  said  Will),  when  he  shall 
apply  for  the  same. 


John  Stevens,  "^    ta 

G.    GOSTLING,  I     ?^P!^*7       ,    .    , 

Henry  Stevens,  Senr.       j    Registers  {szcj. 


F,  H.  Arnold. 


No.  4. 

A  Shoreham  "  Scare.'''' 

1715.  Lre  Abt  a  Sermon  on  Hereditary  Right. — Such  is  the  en- 
dorsement, in  faded  ink,  upon  the  letter  printed  below.  Whether  the 
letter  itself  ever  saw  tlie  light  in  "  y^  News-Letter,"  to  "y''  Author" 
of  which  it  is  addressed,  is  a  question  that  cannot  now  be  easily  answered. 
But  the  document,  which  is  evidently  a  genuine  and  original  one,  penned 
at  the  date  which  it  bears,  deserves  a  permanent  abiding  place  in  the 
Sussex  Arch(sological  Collections,  not  only  as  a  racy  composition,  but  also 
as  a  sample  of  the  "feelers  ''  thrown  out  by  the  industrious  emissaries 
of  Jacolntism,  who  doubtlessly  left  no  stone  unturned  in  their  endeavours 
to  induce  the  English  jjeople  to  forswear  their  allegiance  to  the  house  of 
Hanover,  then  so  recently  seated  upon  the  throne.  The  document,  with 
some  slight  variations  in,  and  additions  to  the  comments,  is  here  reprinted 
from  "  Notes  and  Queries,"  of  5  April,  1879. 

"  To  y®  Author  of  y<=  News-Letter. 

Shoram  in  Sussex,  March  y®  1st,  1715/16. 

"  On  Sunday  7  night  happend  here  a  very  comical  Scene,  w"'* 
I  can't  forbear  com'unicateing  to  you,  w'''^  was  thus.  A  Jolly 
Dispencer  of  y®  Word  desired  our  Minister  of  y^  Gospel  to  lend 
him  his  Pulpit  that  morning,  w*^^  was  granted  ;  and  being  mounted 
therein,  took  his  Texts  out  of  S.  Matt.  xxi.  38,  39,  Mark  xii.  7, 
8,  Luke  XX.  14,  15,  w'='^  surpriz*^  y®  congregation  strangely,  to 
find  him  take  three  Texts  out  of  three  Evangelists  to  make  one 
Sermon.  But  I  suppose  that  was  done  to  back  ye  truth  deliverd 
by  one  Inspird  Evangelist  w'^  y®  Authority  of  two  others,  to 
make  an  undeniable  proof  of  it.  Now  upon  consulting  all  those 
Texts  I  found  they  tended  all  to  y^  proof  of  y^  same  tiling, 
almost  in  the  very  same  words  :  Soe  our  surprize  ceasd.  And 
the  Husbandman  said.  This  is  y"^  Heir  come  let  us  kill  him,  and 
y*  inheritance  shall  be  ours  :    And  they  caught  him,  &  cast  him 


244  NOTES   AxVD    QUERIES. 

out  of  y^  vineyard  and  killd  him  :  Hereupon,  he  discoursd  upon 
Hereditary  Right  of  Kings  in  generall  only,  saying,  it  was  a  Right 
of  God  himself  never  alterd,  but  by  a  speciall  ordination.  And  y' 
it  was  not  in  the  power  of  y®  people  to  doe  it  justly,  w^'^out  y^ 
consent  of  y**  Heir  whose  Right  it  was;  w*'^  abundance  more  of 
such  unfashionable  Scripture  Doctrines,  allowed  of  by  very  few 
B — s  of  Late. 

At  last  finding  him  soe  very  much  of  y^  high  Ropes  w*^^  a  dis- 
tinction of  Kings  by  Right  of  inheritance  calld  (as  he  said) 
Kings  of  God  Almighty's  makeing,  And  Kings  by  Might,  calld 
Kings  of  y®  Peoples  makeing,  and  by  God's  permission. 

Wee  expected  he  would  have  come  to  pticulars  in  this  Nation  ; 
if  he  had,  wee  would  soon  ha'  clapt  a  stone  doublet  on  his  back. 
And  might  lawfully  have  done  it  too,  as  Christianity  now  stands, 
but  he  ci'aftily  evaded  it,  and  sculkd  behind  y®  Laws,  and  thus 
concluded  :  Brethren  don't  think  I  mean  y^  young  Gentleman, 
who  was  the  Son  of  &c. — who,  was  y®  Son  of  &c. — who  was  the 
Son  of  &c. — as  in  chapt.  i.  of  S.  Matt. :  and  who  lately  found  one 
pair  of  leggs  better  than  two  pairs  of  hands.  Noe  Brethren 
verily  I  don't:  for  altho'  he  may  be  said  to  be  cast  out  of  y® 
vineyard  :  he  is  not  yet  killd  :  But  oh  !  how  happy  had  he  been 
if  he  had  a  gentle  confinement  in  a  Goal  and  an  indulgent 
restraint  in  a  prison  (perhaps  said  he)  like  ]\Iary  Q.  of  Scots 
about  20  years  and  then  beheaded  :  what  glorious  and  signall  Tes- 
timonies of  mercy  would  he  have  had  ! 

Tlius  he  spake,  then  came  down  from  y®  Pulpit,  took  his  horse, 
and  rode  away  w'*'  speed,  unknown  who  he  was,  whence  became, 
or  went.  Soe  left  us  all  to  brooze  upon  these  thistles,  &  prick 
our  chaps  w"^  that  foolish,  useless,  obsolete  scripturall  doctrine  of 
y^  Heredetary  Right  of  Kings — as  if  wee  must  be  guided  by 
Scripture  when  it  will  not  serve  our  purpose,  seeing  we  well  know 
When  Arguments  are  tired  out 
Tis  interet^t  still  resolves  y^  doubt. 

I/udib. 
Yours,         D.  Jones." 

Who  was  "  our  Minister  of  y^  Gospel,''  who,  upon  the  above  occasion 
so  readily  lent  his  pulpit  to  a  thorough  stranger  ?  And  his  church,  was 
it  one  of  the  two  grand  old  edifices  Avhich  still  adorn  the  adjoining 
parishes  of  New  and  Old  Shorcham,  or  merely  a  nonconformist  "  Little 
Bethel?"  The  Established  Church  in  those  days  was  sometimes  put  to 
strange  uses. 

Henry  Campkin,  F.S.A. 

P.S. — This  characteristic  missive  is  evidently  the  production  of  a 
practised  pen,  and  although  the  name  of  Jones  may  not  have  been  then, 
any  more  than  now,  of  rare  occurrence,  I  am  inclined  to  think  that  the 
"  D.  Jones,"  whose  name  is  here  subscribed,  is  no  other  than  a  contem- 
porary writer  of  the  same  name,  who  wrote  a  scurrilous  work  entitled 
The  Secret  History  of  Whitehall. 

H.C. 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES.  245 

No.   5. 

New   Shorehain   Church, 

L>  See  XXVII.,   S.   A.  C,  p.  76. 

The  munificent  aid  rendered  by  Mr.  DvER-EDWARDEa  towards  the 
restoration  of  New  Bhoreham  Church  is  stated,  on  the  above  page,  to 
have  been  a  stone  pulpit  and  £100  ;  a  statement  which  falls  con- 
siderably short  of  the  final  aggregate  of  this  gentleman's  contributions 
to  the  good  work,  as  will  appear  from  the  figures  below — 

1.  Towards  renovation  of  East  end  of  Church         .  .  £320 

2.  For  restoration  of  Interior  and  North  windows  .  .    1225 

3.  Stone  pulpit,  &c.      .......        45 

4.  Restoration  of  South  windows,  &c.    ....      300 


£1890 

And,  since  the  enumeration  of  these  items,  it  has  come  to  my  know- 
ledge that  Mr.  Edwardes  has,  by  an  additional  donation  of  the  requisite 
sum,  raised  the  amount  of  his  bounty  to  £2,000. 

It  is  but  just  that  such  rare  liberality  should  find  a  permanent  record 
in  these  volumes,  and  I  beg  therefore  to  make  this  addition  to  Mr. 
Green's  former  statement  of  it. 

Henry  Campkin. 

No.  6. 

The  Marchant  Pedigree. 

In  the  Marchant  Pedigree,  set  out  at  p.  199,  Vol.  xxv,  of  our 
"  Sussex  Archseological  Collections,"  no  mention  is  made  of  any  wife  of 
the  Rev.  W.  (not  W.  M.)  Marchant,  Vicar  of  Shoreham.  But  a 
reference  to  tlie  New  Shoreham  Register  of  Marriages  for  1775  shows 
that  this  gentleman  was,  on  the  22nd  January  in  that  year,  married  to 
Mary,  daughter  of  Thomas  and  Mary  Edwards.  The  bride,  as  the  tell- 
tale baptismal  Register  for  the  same  parish  informs  us,  was  baptized  on 
the  7th  January,  1735  ;  consequently  she  had  passed  her  fortieth  year 
before  entering  the  married  state.  The  probability  therefore  is  that  there 
was  no  issue  of  this  marriage. 

Henry  Campkin. 

No.  7. 

The  White  Lion^-An  extinct  Inn  at  Lewes. 

In  examining  some  old  deeds  I  came  across  a  bundle  relating  to  the 
above-named  Inn.  The  first  is  a  Lease  dated  2nd  October,  4th  and  5th 
Philip  and  Mary  [1557],  "between  James  Paget  of  Baddsleye  in  the 
countye  of  Sutht  gentilman  and  Bridgette  his  wifife  late  wiffe  of  John 
Huttoste  sune  and  heire  of  Henrye  Huttoste,  of  the  towne  of  Suthamp  - 
ton,  gentilman,   Disceassed,   of  thon  ptie,  and  Thomas  Slutter,  of  the 


246  NOTES    AND    QUERIES. 

towne  of  Lewis,  in  the  county  of  Sussex,  Capper,  of  thother  pile."  The 
lessors  demised  to  Slutter  "  All  that  one  decayed  and  unrepaired  tene- 
inente  sometime  an  Inne  called  the  White  Lion  &c.,"  "late  in  the 
tenure  or  occupacion  of  one  Peter  White—  sett  lienge  and  beinge  within 
tlie  said  towne  In  the  pishe  of  All  Saints  and  In  the  Sutht  side  of  the 
Highe  Streete  there "  from  the  Feast  of  St.  Michael  last  past  for  70 
years  at  a  rent  of  26s.  8d.  a  year.  The  lease  contains  a  covenant  by 
Slutter  to  rebuild  such  parts  as  were  necessary  to  make  "  a  compitente 
tenemente  or  dwelling  house."  By  another  deed,  dated  1st  March,  19th 
Elizth.  [1577],  made  "  between  Thomas  West  of  Totton  in  the  countye 
of  Southt  Esquire"  and  others  of  the  one  part  "  and  Henrye  Bowyer  of 
Cuckefylde  in  the  countye  of  Sussex  gent,  of  the  other  ptye  "  the  "  Line 
called  the  Lyon  &c  in  the  occnpacon  of  Thomas  Slutter,  Capper  "  was 
conveyed  to  Henry  Bowyer  for  £40. 

The  property  some  time  after  must  have  changed  hands  again,  for 
there  was  a  bargain  and  sale  on  August  Gth,  1597,  by  "  John  Willyams 
of  Buxsted  in  the  countye  of  Sussex  yoman  "  to  "  Wyllm  Carter  of 
Lewes,  Sadler"  of  "  all  that  messuage  or  tenemt  called  or  knowen  by 
the  name  of  the  White  Lyon  wth  all  &  singler  bowses  &c  .  .  .  then  in 
seuall  tenures  or  occupacons  of  one  Henry  Fitzherbert  Margaret  Fraimcs 
wydowe  and  one  Johane  Snelling  wydowe  scituat  lying  &  being  in  the 
pishe  of  All  Saints  in  Lewes  in  the  countye  of  Sussex  That  is  to  saye  to 
a  certeyne  lane  there  on  the  east  To  the  garden  &  barne  of  Philipp 
Gillam  on  the  Southe  To  an  other  lane  there  called  St.  Nichas  lane  and 
the  tenemt  of  Philipp  Gillam  on  the  west  and  the  quenes  highe  waye 
on  the  northe." 

By  a  feoffment,  dated  April  ISth,  1G21,  and  between  William  Carter 
of  Willingdon  "  Yoman  "  (no  doubt  the  person  before  mentioned)  "  of 
the  one  pte  and  Thomas  Ol liver  of  Lewes  in  the  said  County,  Merchant 
of  the  other  pte  "  the  "  White  Lyon  "  (^described  as  then  "  in  the 
tenure  and  occnpacon  of  Robert  Carter  "j  was  sold  to  Thomas  Olliver  for 
£400. 

The  White  Lion  seems  to  have  descended  in  the  Oliver  (or  Olliver) 
family,  and  in  1685  belonged  to  John  Oliver.  The  latter  appears  to  liave 
been  a  man  of  some  position,  and  well  connected.  His  will  contains 
several  references  which  are  of  sufficient  interest  to  be  set  out,  and  is 
dated  August  1st,  1st  James  II  [1685].  He  directed  his  burial  to  be  in 
All  Saints'  Chuich,  and  gave  40s.  to  the  poor  of  the  parish  ;  and  after 
bequeathing  legacies  to  his  sister,  Susana  Oliver,  his  nephew,  Oliver 
Isted,  and  his  [_i.e.  Oliver's]  sister  Carr,  his  brother-in-law  Dr.  White,^ 
and  his  niece  Ann  Monck,  devised  his  Manor  or  Lordship  of  Preston 
I'oynings,  to  "  his  nephew  or  kinsman  Thomas  Browne,  one  of  the 
younger  sons  of  John  Browne,  late  of  Horsemondean,  Kent,  gentleman, 
deceased  "  and  his  issue  in  tail  with  remainders  to  his  brothers  John, 
Adam  and  George  Browne,  &  their  issue  successively  in  tail.  The  tes- 
tator then  gave  "  to  his  sister   Susan  Oliver  and  her  assigns  for  life  (she 

*  This  was  no  doubt  Dr.    Benjamin  (the  father)   was  buried  at  All    Saints, 

White,  or  else  his  son  Dr   Peter  White,  May  9th,  1713  (Bwrrell  Add.  MSS.  5698, 

the  latter  of  whom  married  Tettersell's  p,  I8l,  &c). 
granddaughter  about  1701.     Dr.  White 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES.  247 

continuing  unmarried)  all  that  his  messuage  tenement  or  Inn  called  the 
White  J  A/on  &c  .  .  .  then  in  the  several!  occupations  of  Ferdinando  Bryan 
&  Richard  Paine."  He  then  devised  "to  his  loving  brother-in-law 
Peter  Courthope  of  Panny  and  his  loving  cosin  Richard  Isted"^  his  free- 
hold and  copyhold  messuages  lands  &c  at  Soutram  and  South  Mailing 
"  his  messuage  tenement  or  Inn  called  the  Bull  in  Leaves  with  tlie  stable 
then  in  the  occupation  of  James  Attree  "  and  the  reversion  of  the  White 
Lyon  after  Susan's  death — upon  trust  for  sale  and  after  payment  of 
legacies  and  debts  gave  the  proceeds  of  sale  amongst  his  late  sister 
Kidder's  daughters  and  his  late  niece  Browne's  daughters. 

(The  Par.  Reg.  of  All  Saints,  Lewes,  contains  the  following  re- 
ferences to  the  persons  before  mentioned.  "  Bariah.  Mrs  Susa. 
Oliver  May  m.  1698  :  Thos.  Oliver,  Gent,  Oct  29.  1657  :  Mrs. 
Elizth.  Kidder  widow  of  Mr.  Richard  Kidder  and  sister  to  Mr, 
John  Oliver.  June  28.  1 679  :  Thos.  Oliver  gent  son  of  Jno  & 
Mary  ^t  30.  July  15.  1681.").  {Add  MSS.  5698  pp  175  to  181). 

Richard  Isted  died,  and,  sometime  after,  Susan  Oliver  died  also  (pro- 
bably as  mentioned  above),  and  by  Indentures  of  Lease  and  Release, 
dated  the  20th  and  21st  Feby.,  1698,  "between  Peter  Courthope  of 
Danny  in  the  Parish  of  Hurstpierpoint  Esq  &  Samuel  Snashall  of  South- 
over,  Malster,"  after  reciting  the  deaths  of  S.  Oliver  &  R.  Isted,  P. 
Courthope  sells  the  White  Lyon  to  S.  Snashall  for  £265.  The  witnesses 
to  the  Release  are  Tho.  Burrell  &  John  Grbver. 

Samuel  Snashall,  by  his  Will  dated  1st  April,  1712  (proved  1st 
October,  1712),  after  making  certain  bequests  gave  to  his  son  John 
"  his  freehold  messuage  or  tenement  (then  divided  into  several  dwellings) 
formerly  called  the  White  Lyon  then  in  his  own  occupation  and  that  of 
Robert  Boston." 

No  further  deeds  have  been  found.  The  deeds  and  documents  before 
mentioned  are  now  in  the  possession  of  Messrs.  Freeman  and  Freeman 
Gell,  of  Brighton. 

Frederick  E.  Sawyer. 


No.  8. 
The  Aliens  of  Lindfield. 

The  following  inscription  is  to  be  found  on  a  brass  in  Lindfield  Church, 
though  neither  mentioned  by  Sir  William  Burrell  in  his  MSS.  m  the 
Bri-tish  Museum,  nor  in  the  article  by  the  Revd.  Edward  Turner  on 
Sussex  Brasses  in  the  Collections  of  the  Sussex  Archa;ological 
Society  :  — 

''  Here  lieth  interred  y®  body  of   Isaac  Allen  only  sonne  of  Abraham 

*  Eiclmrd  Isted  was  a  solicitor  of  some  eminence  in  this  county,  and  practised 
at  Lewes. 


248  NOTES    AND    QUERIES. 

Allen  Esq  by  his  wife  Joane  Love.  Hee  died  at  London  a  prisoner  to 
j"  Upper  Bench  npon  an  accon  for  wordes  most  falsely  and  nialicionsly 
by  one  single  witness  sworne  against  him  as  he  had  oftentymes  and  on 
}iis  death  bed  protested  and  declared  to  severall  friends.  Hee  desired 
his  body  might  be  buried  here  at  Linfeild  neare  his  mother  and  deceaced 
y"  24th  day  of  July  Ano  Doni  1656  aged  63." 

The  inscription  on  the  brass  of  Joan,  daughter  of  John  Love,  of 
r.ishops  Basing,  Esq.,  who  married,  1st,  Abraham  Allen,  of  London,  Esq., 
Sergeant  Chyrurgeon  to  King  James  ;  2nd,  William  Newton,  of  Lind- 
field,  Gent.,  and  died  9th  September,  1655,  aged  81,  has  been  given  in 
the  ])edigree  of  Newton,  of  Sotithover,'^  and  so  need  not  here  be  repeated. 

The  following  particulars  are  given  by  Sir  William  Burrell  (Add.  MSS. 
5698),  under  the  head  of  Lindfield  D' Arches  :  — 

"  Monuments  " 

"  On  a  black  marble  slab  in  the  great  chancel  .   .  . 

"  Isaack  Allen  citizen  and  mercer  of  London,  who  was  third  son  of 
Isaack  Allen  of  Lindfield  in  the  County  of  Sussex  Gent,  aged  52  years 
he  died  the  25th  day  of  July  Anno  Dom  MDCLXXIL" 

"  Coat  of  Allen  on  the  tomb."  (Erm.  a  chevron  between  three 
leopards'  fnces.  This  slab,  with  the  coat  of  arms,  still  remains  in 
Lindfield  Church.) 

'*  Baptisms" 

"Isaac  son  of  Isaac  Allen  Gent  May  28th  1620." 
"  Sarah^  daughter  of  Isaac  Allen  GVnt  12th  August  1622." 
"William,  son  of  Isaac  Allen,  Gent.  November  15th  1624." 
"  Herbert,  son  of  Isaac  Allen,  Gent,  January  1st  1626." 

<'  Buryals" 

"  Isaac  Allen,  Gent.  July  29th  1656." 

"  Herbert  Allen,  Gent,  September  25th  1668."' 

"  Elizabeth  Allen,  September  29th  1694."' 

In  1613  King  James  I.  being  then  at  Eoyston,  appointed  Abraham 
Allen  one  of  his  Surgeons  in  place  of  John  Nasmyth,  deceased,  with  a 
salary  of  £40  per  annum.^ 

7  IX.,  S.A.C.  327-330,  &c.  in  Lonrlon,  in  lf)67,  in  which  she  men- 

*  Sai'ah    Allen   married     17th    July,  tions   her  brothers   Abraham,   Herbert, 

1(155,    at  Wivelsfield,  John    Attree,  of  and  Isaac. 

Theobalds,    in   Wivelsfield,    Gent.,   and  »  Calendar  of  State  Papers,  Domestic, 

had  issue  by  him.     Her  will  was  proved  James  I.,  Sign  Manual,  Vol.  3,  No.  91. 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES. 


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250  NOTES    AND    QUERIES. 

And  now,  having  given  the  above  small  amount  of  information,  vphich 
may  help  to  strengthen  the  short  pedigree  of  Allen  given  in  Berry's 
Sussex  Genealogies,  I  would  pi-oceed  to  ask  if  any  Sussex  Archaeologist 
or  Genealogist  would  be  kind  enough  to  answer  the  following  queries  : — 

1.  Who  was  the  father  of  Abraham  Allen,  Surgeon  to  King  James  I.  ; 
and  was  his  family  connected  with  that  of  Allen,  of  Broughton  (in  Lan- 
cashire ?),  which  seems  to  have  borne  the  same  arms,  and  also  rejoiced 
in  the  Biblical  name  of  Isaac,  and,  if  so,  how  ? 

2.  Isaac  being  the  3rd  son  of  Isaac  Allen,  of  Lindfield,  who  were  the 
eldest  and  2nd  sons  ?  Was  Abraham,  of  London,  who  died  in  1680,  one 
of  them  ? 

3.  Did  Herbert  and  Katherine  Allen^^  leave  any  descendants  ?  And 
who  is  the  present  representative  of  this  family  ? 

4.  What  was  the  "  false  and  malicious  accusation  for  wordes  sworn 
against"  Isaac  Allen,  who  died  1656  "  a  prisoner  to  y®  Upper  Bench  ?" 

F.  W.  T.  Attree,  Lieut.  R.E. 

1"  See  Berry's  "  Sussex  Genealogies." 


INDEX    TO    VOL.    XXX. 


N.B.— Mr.  Round's  *'  Index  of  Illustrations  "  {suprh  198) 
and  Mr.  Crosskey's  "List  of  Books"  {supra  230), 
are  in  themselves  Indices,  and  Mr.  Stenning's  and 
Sir  W.  Barttelot's  Papers  {supra  161,  190)  are  them- 
selves chronological  Indices,  of  their  respective 
subjects.  They  have,  therefore,  not  been  indexed 
here,  except  generally. 


Aldham  de,  arms  of,  described,  138. 
Aldingbourne,  resolutions  of  Plnndered 

Ministers  Committee  on,  114;    notes 

on  Resolutions  on,  116  ;  Vicars  of,  116. 
Alfriston    Church,      Mr.    Jennings    on 

restoration  of,  107. 
Aliens   of    Lindfield,   pedigree    of   (see 

Attree). 
Alod,  what,  92, 
Ansty,  arms  of,  138-9. 
Apsley,  R,  sequestered  Rector  of  Pul- 

boro,  116,  127;    notes   on,  from  a  R. 

of  Petworth,  128. 
Arbuthnot,    Rev.   G,  defendant   in   the 

Arundel   Chancel  case,   31  j  Vicar  of 

Arundel,  33. 


Armory,  Early  Sussex  paper  on,  by  W. 
S.  Ellis,  Esq,  137. 

Arnold,  Rev.  F.  H,  paper  by  on  Sper- 
shott's  Memoirs  of  Chichester,  147; 
note  by,  on  Hardham's  will,  239. 

Arundel,  Chancel  Case  paper  on  the,  by 
the  Editor,  31  ;  par.  church  restored, 
34,  50 ;  Mr.  Freeman  on,  38  ;  Lady 
chapel  in,  35-7,  47  ;  College,  founda- 
tion of,  43  ;  Priory  of  S.  Nicholas,  43  ; 
M.Ps  for  (see  M.Ps). 

Ashburnhams  M.Ps,  191 ;  arms  of  de- 
scribed, 138. 

Attree,  Lieut,  note  by,  on  the  Aliens  of 
Lindfield,  247  ;  monument,  Barcombe, 
55. 

Auction  by  candle-burning,  151,  n.  7. 


B. 


Ballow,  T,  sequestered  V.  of  Seaford, 
130. 

Barttelot,  Sir  W.  B,  Extract  by,  con- 
cerning eight  Sussex  families,  from 
Pari.  Return,  1290-1702,  190;  note 
by  on  W.  Penn,  the  Irelands  of  High- 
fure,  and  Hearth  Tax,191-2 ;  M.Ps,  190 

Barcombe  Church,  paper  on  by  Miss  P 
Dodson,    52  ;    monuments    in,    55-7 
value    of,   59 ;    terrier  of   glebe,  60 
licences    under   Toleration   Act,   61 ; 
answers  to  Bishop's  enquiries,  ih. 

Bignor  Pavements,  paper  on  by  Rev. 
Thos.  Debary,  63 ;  hardly  noticed  in 
"  Collections,"    75  ;      discoveries     of 


1811-13,  76,  77  ,•  situation,  85  ; 
ruinous  state  of,  88 ;  appeal  and 
suggestions  for  preservation  of,  89. 

Battle,  church  remarks  on,  106;  reso- 
Intions  of  Plundered  Ministers  Com- 
mittee on,  116  ;  notes  on  resolutions, 
i6,  117  ;  Pariah  Reg,  ib. 

Bavent  de,  arms  of  described,  130. 

Bayley  monument,  Barcombe,  55. 

Beche,  arms  of,  138. 

Bexhill,  resolutions  of  Plundered  Minis- 
ters' Committee  on,  117  ;  notes  on 
resolutions,  ih,  118;  parish  Reg.  of 
118;  vicars  of,  117. 


BLATCHINGTON.  [    252    ]  EPPILLUS. 


Blatchington  East,  resolutions  of  Plun- 
dered Ministers  Committee  on,  118, 
119  ;  notes  on  resolutions,  ih  ;  Parish 
Registers  of,  119  ;  M.I.  at,  ib. 

Bolt,  J,  V.  of  Eastbourne,  120;  of 
Brighton,  ib. 

Bonet,  arms  of,  138. 

Bosham  Church,  remarks  on,  106. 

Box,  arms  of  described,  138. 


Boxgrove  Church,  Mr.  Freeman  on,  3R. 
Boxhill,  arms  of  described,  138. 
Bramber  M.Ps  (see  Membei's  of  Pari.) 
Braose  de,  his  importance  in  Sussex,  94. 
Butterfield,    evidence    of      Mr,    on    the 

Arundel  Chancel,  35,  36. 
Barwash,    monumental    slab,    110;     ib, 

30;  Woodknowle  in,  146,  n  19. 


0. 


Campkin,  H,  Esqre,  note  by,  on  a  Shore- 
ham  "  Scare,"  243  ;  on  New  Shoreham 
Church,  244 ;  on  the  Marchant  pedi- 
gree, 245. 

Candle-burning,  auction  by,  1 51  n.  7. 

"  Castles,  Mansions,  &c,  of  W.  Sussex  " 
paper  on  by  Rev.  W.  Stephens,  99. 

Catalogue  of  the  S.A.S.  Library,  1877-9, 
by  R.  Crosskey,  Esq.,  230. 

Cells,  numerous  in  Sussex,  96. 

Chancel,  etymon  of,  34,  35 ;  Case,  the 
Arundel  (see  Arundel). 

Chancellor,  Loi'd,  etymon,  of,  ib. 

Channel],  Baron,  on  the  Mottram  Chan- 
cel case,  41. 

Chichester,  Spershott's  memoirs  of, 
notes  on  by  W.  Haines,  Esq,  and  Rev. 
F.  Arnold,  147  ;  St.  James's  Leper 
Hospital  near,  148,  n.  1  ;  temple  to 
Neptune  at,  6,  07,  ib,  n.  7 ;  Guildhall, 
39;  malting,  148,  n  1;  Deanery  and 
Palace  rebuilt,  149,  n.  4  ;  Smuggler's 
assize  at,  153  ;  ib,  n.  10 ;  address  to 
Geo.  Ill,   160,  n,  14;  earthquake  at. 


151,  n.  5;    great  storm    at,   153;  ib 

n.  9 ;  M.Ps  for  (see  M.Ps). 
Churches  Sussex  the.  General  Remarks 

on,  by  Archd.  Hannah,  98  ;  Mr.  Street 

on,  101  ;  Mr.  Horsfield,  on,  101  ;  Mr. 

Hnssey  on,  ib,  n.  3. 
Cinque  Ports  Sussex,  M.Ps  (see  Members 

of  Pari.) 
Cogidubnus,  a  British  Prince,  6,  67. 
Coins,  the    Ancient   British   of  Sussex, 

paper  on,  by  E.  Willett,  Esq,  1. 
Coleridge    Lord,    decides    the    Arundel 

Chancel    case,    31  ;       description    of 

Fitzalan  chapel  by,  35. 
College,  Arundel,  history  of,  43,  44. 
Commius,  coins  of,  1,2;  coin  of,  10,  11  ; 

history  of,  21-3. 
Conyborough  in  Barcombe,  55,  56. 
Courthopes  M.Ps,  192-3. 
Cowfold,  brass  at,  1 10. 
Crayford  monument,  Barcombe,  56. 
Crosskey,  R,  Esq,  List  of  Books  added 

to  the  S.A.S.  Library,  1877  to   1879, 

230. 
Urypto-porticus,  Bignor,  V9,  80. 


D. 


Dabernonn,  arms  of  described,  138. 
Dallaway,   on   Bignor    scenery,   86;    on 

list  of  Sussex  knights,  138. 
Davy,    Sir   Humphrey,   on    colours   at 

Bignor,  87. 
Debai-y,  Rev.  Thos,  paper  by  on  Bignor 

Pavements,  63 ;    note   by,   on   "  The 

Lavingtons,"  235. 


De  Insula  (see  De  Lile). 

De  Lile  Gracia,  seal  of,  145. 

Dodson,   Miss  F.   H,  paper  by,    on  St. 

Mary's  Church,  Barcombe,  52. 
Dowuedale,  arms  of  described,  138. 
Dress  of  the  judges,  31,  n.  2. 
Druid,  statue  of,  Chichester,  156,  n.  12. 


E, 


East  Blatchyngton  (see  Blatchyngton). 
Eastbourne,   resolutions    of    Plundered 

Ministers  Committee  on,    119;  notes 

on  resolutions,    120;    parish  registers 

of,  128. 
East  Grinstead  M.Ps  (see  M.Ps). 
Echyngham  de,  seal  and  arms  of,  145. 
Editor  Ihe,  paper  by  on  the   Arundel 

Chancel  case,  Hi. 


Ellis,  Smith  W,  Esq,  paper  by  on  Early 

Sussex  Armory,  137. 
Elwes,  D.  C,  Esq,  the  "  Castles,  &c.,  of 

W.   Sussex,"  by,  90. 
Episcopal  Manors  in  Sussex,  96. 
Eppillus,  coinage  of,  8,  10 ;    descriptive 

catalogue  of  coins  of,  2(j,  27. 


FENEZ. 


[  253  ] 


KINGSTON. 


F. 


Fenez  de,  arms  of  described,  138. 
Fisher,  V.  of  Hooe,  117 ;  0.  Cromwell's 

chaplain,  116. 
Fitzalan  Chapel,  Arundel,  47,  48. 
I'letching,  grave  of  Gibbon  at,  110. 


Folc-land,  92. 

Freeman,  Mr.  E.  A,  on  Dunster  Priory 

Church,  38. 
Fret  a,  what,  76,  n.  14. 
Friary,  Winchelsea,  39. 


a. 


Gages,  M.Ps  (see  M.Ps). 

Ganymede  Rape  of,  Mosaic  ef  Bignor, 
76. 

Garrick  D,  Hardham's  executor,  in- 
troduces Hardham's  Snuff,  155,  n.  11. 

Gentil,  Sir  Nicholas,  arms  of,  138. 


Goldsmith,  John,  sequestered  Vicar  of 
Aldyngbourne,  115. 

Gorings,  M.Ps  (see  M.Ps). 

Graves,  J,  V.  of  Eastbourne,  120  ;  pro- 
ceedings against,  119. 

Guilloche,  what,  76,  n  15. 


H. 


Haines,  W.  Esq,  paper  by,  on    "  Sper- 

shott's  Memoirs,''  147. 
Hamme,  de,  arms  of  described,  138. 
Hannah    Archdeacon,      paper    by,    on 

"  Sussex  Churches,"  98. 
Hardham,  Will  of,  155,  n.  11  ;  note  on 

by  Rev.  F.  H,  Arnold,  239. 
Hastings,  de,  arms    of,  138-140,    141,  n. 

1 1  ;  notices  of,  140. 
Hearth    Tax,    account     of,     237 ;    old 

receipts,  236. 
Heringaud,  arms  of  described,  139. 
High  Fure,  the  Irelandsof  {see  Bartte- 

lot). 
Hoorne,  de,  arms  of  described,  138. 


Horsham  M.Ps  (see  M.Ps). 

Horsted  Keynes,  grave  of  ABp.  Leigh- 
ton  at,  1 10 ;  Parva,  resolution  of 
Plundered  Ministers  Committee  on, 
120 ;  notes  on  resolutions,  ib.  120  ; 
vicars  of,  120;  par.  reg.  of,  121. 

Hurstmonceux,  grave  of  Hare  at,  110. 

Hurstpierpoint,  resolutions  of  Plun- 
dered Ministers  Committee  on, 
121-3;  notes  on  resolutions,  123,  124; 
M.I  in,  123;  Dr.  Swale,  sequestered 
rector  of,  121 ;  Leonard  Letchford, 
"the  hireling  priest"  of,  123,  124. 

Husee,  arms  of  described,  138. 


I. 


Icklesham  chancel  case,  39,  40. 
Ignarra,  a  Neapolitan  antiquary,  71,  n. 

10. 
Illustrations,  Index  of  (see  Index). 
Index  of  Illustrations,  "  S.A.C.,"  Vol. 

I -XXX,  by  J.  Horace  Round,  Esq.  198. 


Inscribed     series     of     ancient    British 

coins,  1  et  seq. 
Irelands  the,  of  High  Fiire  (see  Bart- 

telot). 


J. 


Jennings,  Mr.  L 

and  Green  Lanes,"  107,  108,  110,  n. 


J.  on  "  Field   Paths   I   Judges,  dress  of,  31,  n.  20. 


K. 


Kindersley,    V.C.    on    the     Icklesham 

chancel  case,  40. 
Kingston,    near  Lewes,   resolutions  of 


Plundered  Ministers  Committee  on, 
124;  notes  on  resolutions,  125;  H. 
Shepherd,  scque.«itered  V.  of,  125. 


LA   WAERE. 


[    254   ] 


PULBOEOUGH. 


L. 


La  Warre  {see  Wests). 

Lady  Chapel,  Arundel  Church,  35,  36, 

37,  47. 
Lavington,  Bp.  Wilberforce's  grave  at, 

110. 
Lavingtons   The,    note  on,  by   Rev    T. 

Debary,  285. 
Leper  Hospital,  S.  James',  Chichester, 

148,  n.  1. 
Letchford,  Leonard  (see  Hurst). 
Leukenore,  arms  of  described,  138. 
Lewes,  S.    Ann's   Westout,  resolutions 

of  Plundered  Ministeis  Committee  on 


125  ;  notes  on  resolutions,  ib, ;  vicars 
of,  125  ;  extinct  inn  at,  note  on,  by 
F.  E.  Sawyer,  Esq,  245;  M.P.s  for 
(see  M.Ps). 

Lind  de  la,  arms  of  described,  138. 

Lindfield  Church,  Mr.  Jennings  on  re- 
storation of,  107 ;  pedigree  of  Aliens 
of,  249. 

Lucas  monuments,  Barcombe,  56,  57. 

Lysons,  S,  Esq,  the  authoi'ity  on  the 
Bignor  Villa,  64,  n.  2  epitome  of 
his  account,  75. 


M. 


Manors,  what,  93 ;  archiepiscopal  in 
Sussex,  96 ;  episcopal,  ib. 

Mansee,  arms  of  described,  138. 

Marchant  pedigree,  note  on,  by  H. 
Campkin,  Esq,  245. 

Mare  de  la,  arms  of  described,  138. 

"  Mark  "  the,  what,  91. 

Medley  monuments,  Barcombe,  56,  57. 

1  edusa  room,  Bignor  Villa,  82,  84. 

Meir"s  monument,  Barcombe,  55. 

Members  of  Parliament  for  the  County 
and  Boroughs  of  Sussex,  paper  on, com- 
piled from  Parliamentary  Return,  by 


A.  Stenning,  Esq,  161  ;  Extract  from 
Parliamentary  Retvim  of,  as  regards 
eight  Sussex  families,  by  Sir  W.  B. 
Barttelot,  190. 

Merton  Chapel,  Oxford,  39. 

Midhurst  M.Ps  (see  Members  of  Par- 
liament). 

Ministers  (see  Plundered). 

Montgomery,  Earl  Roger  of,  92,  94. 

Mountfort  de,  ai-ms  of  described,  138. 

Mosaic  defined,  63,  n. 

Mottram  chancel  case,  Cheshire,  41, 42. 


N. 


New  Shoreham  (see  Shoreham). 
Newenham,  arms  of  described,  138. 
Neyville  de  arais  of  described,  138. 
Kinfield,  resolution  of  Plundered  Min. 


isters   Committee   on,  126    notes  on 
resolutions,  ib. ;  vicars  of,  126. 
Kutt,  sequestered  minister  of   Bex  hill 
117;  parson  of  Berwick,  118. 


0. 


Ore,  arms  of,  141. 

Ovingdean,    resolutions    of    Plundered 
Ministers   Committee   on,  126,   127  ; 


notes  on  resolutions,  1 27  ;  vicars   of, 
127. 


P. 


Palerne,  arms  of,  142. 

Peckham,  T,  sequesterd  V.  of  Horsted 

Parva,  120;  description  of,  121. 
Pelhams,  M.Ps  (see  M.Ps). 
Penn,  William  (see  Barttelot). 
Pepplesham,  arms  of,  142  ;    descent  of, 

143. 
Pevensey,  arms  of,  143. 
Plundered  Ministers  Committee,  paper 

on  by  P.  E.  Sawyer,  Esq,  112  ;  mem- 

bers  of,  113  ;  Sussex  Committees  of, 

112. 


Poninge  de,  arms  of,  137. 

Poninges  de,  arms,  of,  137. 

Pope,  N,  R.  of  Blatchington,  119  ;  V.  of 

Folkington,  proceedings  against,  119. 
Priory  of  St.  Nicholas,  Arundel,  history 

of,  42,  43. 
Pulborough,  resolutions    of   Plundered 

Ministers  Committee   on,   127,    128; 

notes  on  resolutions,  128  ;  Letter  on 

Apsley,  sequestered    Rector   of,   ib. ; 

Par.  Reg.,  ib. 


EADMELD. 


[  255  ] 


TWINE. 


E. 


Eadmeld,  arms  of,  143. 

Eadyngdene,  arms  of,  143. 

Eaynes  monament,  Barcombe  Church, 
56. 

Regni  the,  former  inhabitants  of  Sassex, 
66  ;  coins  issaed  by,  65,  n,  4. 

Reliquiee  Britannico-Bomance  of  S. 
Lysons,  Esq,  64,  222. 

Retiarii,  Roman  Mosaic,  Bignor,  79,  80. 

Robinson,  Rev.  J,  "  Castles,  &c,  of  W. 
Sussex  "  by,  90. 

Rodmell,  resolutions  of  Plundered  Min- 
isters Committee  on,  129 ;  notes  on 
resolutions,  ib. 


Rogate,  resolutions  of  Plundered  Min- 
isters Committee  on,  128 ;  notes  on 
resolutions,  ib. 

Roger  of  Montgomery  (see  Montgomery). 

Round,  J.  Horace,  Esq,  paper  by,  on 
Index  of  Illustrations,  S.A.C.  Vols, 
i-xxx,  198. 

Rudiarii,  Roman  Mosaic  of,  Bignor,  179, 
80. 

Rye,  resolutions  of  Plundered  Ministers 
Committee  on,  129,  130:  notes  on 
resolutions,  130  ;  Vicars  of,  130. 


s. 


Sac  &  Soc,  what,  93. 

St.  Ann's  Westout  (see  Lewes). 

St,  Mary's  Westout  (see  Lewes). 

Salehurst  Church,  Mr.  Jennings  on  re- 
storation  of,  107. 

Sanzaver,  arms  of  described,  138. 

Sawyer,  F.  E,  Esq,  paper  by  on  the 
Committee  of  Plundered  Ministers 
130, 131 ;  note  by,  on  an  extinct  Inn 
at  Lewes,  245. 

Saxby,  J,  V.  of  Seaford,  132. 

Scotney,  arms  of,  144  ;  seal  of,  ii. 

Scott,  Sir  Gilbert,  Arundel  Church  re- 
stored by,  34,  50. 

Seaford-cum-Sutton,  resolutions  of 
Plundered  Ministers  Committee  on, 
130, 131 ;  notes  on  resolutions  on,  132  ; 
Vicars  of,  ib  ;  Parish  Reg.  of,  ib. 

Seasons  room  Bignor  Villa,  77. 

Secutores,  Roman  mosaic  of,  79. 

Seez  Abbey  of,  Normandy,  42. 

Shelley s,  M.P.s  (see  M.Ps). 

Shepherde,  H,  sequestered  V.  of  King- 
ston by  Lewes,  124;  Walker's  version 
of,  125. 

Shoreham,  New  Church,  Mr.  Freeman 
on,  38 ;  note  on,  by  H.  Campkin,  Esq, 
244  ;  M.Ps  for  (see  M.Ps). 


Shoreham  "  A  Scare,"  note  on  by  H. 
Campkin,  Esq,  243. 

Shovelstrode,  arms  of,  144. 

Smith,  Charlotte,  lived  at  Bignor,  86. 

Smugglers  Chichester,  assize,  153  ;  ib. 
n.  10. 

Sompting   Church,   remarks    on,     103. 

Spershott's  memoirs,  paper  on  by  W. 
Haines,  Esq,  and  Eev.  F.  H,  Arnold, 
137. 

Stanley,  W,  sequestered  V.  of  W.  Tar- 
ring, 132. 

Stemp,  J,  sequestered  parson  of  Ovmg- 
dean,  127. 

Stenning,  A,  Esq  (see  Sussex). 

Stephens,  Rev.  W.  R,  paper  by  on 
"  Castles,  &c.,of  W.  Sussex,"  91. 

Steyning,  M.Ps  (see  M.Ps). 

Stopham,  arms  of,  144. 

Sussex  M.Ps,  compilation  of,  from  Par- 
liamentary  return,  byA.  Stenning,Esq, 
161 ;  Extract  relating  to  eight  Sussex 
famines,  by  Sir  W.  B.  Barttelot, 
190  ;  Sussex  and  Surrey  Knights,  list 
of,  137,  138 ;  Archseol.  Soc,  Catalogue 
of  Library  of,  230. 

Swale,  Dr,  sequestered  Rector  of  Hurst, 
121 ;  and  Westboui-ne,  i6 ;  proceedings 
against,  134. 


T. 


Tai-ring,  West,  resolutions  of  Plundered 
Ministers  Committee  on,  132  ;  notes 
on  resolutions,  133  ;  V.  of  sequestered, 
133  ;  restored,  ib, 

Teutonic  settlements,  elements  of,  91. 

Thomsons,  Vs.  of  Aldingbourne,  116. 

Ticehurst,  arms  of,  145, 146. 


Tierney,  Canon,  description  of  Arundel 

College  Chapel  by,  37. 
Tincommius,  coinage  of,  7  ;  descriptive 

catalogue  of  coins  of,  11,  et  seq. 
Turpilianus  Petronius,  probable  builder 

of  Roman  Villa  at  Bignor,  68,  70. 
Twine   Brian,   sequestered  V.   of  Rye, 

130. 


VENUS. 


[  256  ] 


WORTH. 


V. 


Venus  room,  at  Bignor  Villa,  72,  80. 
Venuz,  arms  of,  146. 


1    Verica,  coinage  of,  8  ;  descriptive  cata 
I       loe-ue  of  coins  of,  17,  et  seq. 


w. 


Waleysde,  arms  of  <5escribed,  138. 
Warrninghurst  bought  by  William  Penn, 

237  ;  sold  by  him.  ih. 
Wartliug,  Fisher,  V.  of,  117. 
Westbourne,    resolutions  of  Plundered 

Ministers  Committee  on,  133-6;  notes 

on  resolutions,  136. 
Westham    Church,    Mr.    Jennings    on 

restoration  of,  137- 
Wests,  M.Ps  (see  M.Ps). 


Willett,  Ernest,  Esqre,  paper  by,  on  thi 
Ancient  British  coins  of  Sussex,  1. 

Wiltshaw,  sequestered  Rector  of  Rusper, 
118. 

Wilye,  arms  of,  146.  .  ,    ni.       t,' 

Winchelsea  Friary,  39;  Parisli  Chui-ch^ 

39. 
Woodknoll,  Manor  of,  146  ;  n.  19. 
Woolavington,  etymon  of,  95,  96. 
Woolbeding,  etymon  of,  96. 
Worth  Church,  104  ;  remarks  on  restor 

ation  of,  105.