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UNITED STATES TARIFF COMMISSION
WASHINGTON
Tariff Information Series — No. 34
CENSUS OF DYES
AND
OTHER SYNTHETIC ORGANIC
CHEMICALS
?
1925
WASHINGTON!
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1926
BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY
3 9999 06317 181 1
UNITED STATES TARIFF COMMISSION
WASHINGTON
Tariff Information Series — No. 34
CENSUS OF DYES
AND OTHER SYNTHETIC ORGANIC
CHEMICALS
1925
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1926
U. S. SUPERWTENOENT OF DOCUMENTS
NOV 161926
UNITED STATES TARIFF COMMISSION
Office: Eighth and E Streets NW., Washington, D. C.
rOMMI.SSIONERS
Thomas O. Marvin, Chairman.
Alfred P. Dennis, Vice Chnirmaii.
Edward P. Costigan.
Henry H. Glassie.
Edgar B. Brossard.
Sherman J. Lowell.
John F. Bethune, Secretary.
ADDITIONAL COPIES
)F THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PBOCURKD KKOM
THK SUPERINTENDKNT OF DOCUMENTS
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OKFICK
WA.SHINOTON, D. C.
AT
:in CENTS PEH COPY
CONTENTS
Page
Introduction ix
Part I
Summary of census of dyes and other synthetic organic chemicals, 1925:
Introduction 3
Summary of domestic production, 1925 —
Crudes 4
Intermediates 4
Dyes 5
Statistics of production 7
International dye trade in 1925 S
Synthetic organic chemicals not derived from coal tar 9
Part II
Production of dyes and coal-tar chemicals, 1925:
Coal-tar crudes . 13
Record output of by-product coke 13
Production of tars 14
Production of crudes 15
Increase in the use of creosote oil as a wood preservative 16
Statistics of production 18
Imports and exports of crudes 205, 217
Coal-tar intermediates —
Description 21
Production 22
Large production of synthetic phenol 22
Aniline and its derivatives 23
Cresylic acid 24
Benzoic acid 24
Rubber accelerators 24
Naphthalene intermediates 24
Special intermediates 25
Naphthol AS 26
Diphenylamine 26
Tricresyl phosphate 26
New intermediates 26
Statistics of production and sales 26
Dyes other than finished coal-tar products —
Introduction 33
Summary of production of dyes 33
Increase in production 33
Stocks on hand 34
Decline in domestic dye prices ; 35
Unit value of dyes produced, 1921-1925 37
Progress of dye manufacture 38
Relation of production to consumption 39
Reduction in number of dye producers 39
Tariff considerations —
Effect of reduction in duty on imports 42
III
IV CONTENTS
Production of dyes and coal-tar chemicals, 1925 — Continued.
Dyes other than finished coal-tar products — Continued. Page
Production of dyes by classes 43
Acid dyes 46
Basic dyes 47
Direct cotton dyes 48
S R A dyes 49
Mordant and chrome dyes 49
Sulphur dyes 50
Vat dyes 51
Color-lake and spirit-soluble dyes 53
Food dyes 54
Export trade records increase 54
Other finished coal-tar products 55
Color lakes 56
Photographic chemicals 56
Medicinals 56
Flavors and perfume materials 57
Synthetic phenolic resins 59
Synthetic tanning materials 59
Statistics of production 60
Dyes not classified by color index 67
Employees and rates of pay 73
Research work 74
Part III
Cost of dyes in representative fabrics and garments:
Introduction 77
Factors which aff"ect dye cost 78
Summary of dye costs 79
General cost data 79
Cost of dve in representative garments 80
Cotton 80
Woolen and worsted 85
Silk and other 88
Part IV
Dyes imported for consumption in the United States, 1925:
Introduction 93
Summary of imports of dyes in 1925 94
Import statistics 94
Index to table of dye imports 129
Part V
Census of synthetic otgan,ic chemicals other than those of coal-tar origin,
1925:
Introduction 141
Production increases 141
Organic solvents 141
Ethyl gasoline and tetra-ethyl lead 142
Xanthates as flotation agents 143
Methanol 143
Other products 144
Statistics of production, sales, and imports 144
Part VI
International dye trade:
Introduction —
Developments in 1925__:. 153
World capacity still exceeds consumption 154
Exports from producing countries 154
Imports into consuming countries 155
Increase in the German dye export trade 156
CONTENTS V
International dye trade — Continued I'ags
The dye industry of Germany 157
Developments in 1925 157
New merger of dye firms 157
Amalgamation of foreign sales agencies 158
International agreements in 1925 160
Extension of the I. G. interests 160
Dividends of the I. G. in 1925 161
Reparation dyes 164
Payments in kind 165
Receipts and payments under the Dawes plan 165
The dye industry of Great Britain 166
Reorganization of British Dyestuff s Corporation 167
Imports and exports 172
Position of dye makers other than the British Dyestuffs Cor-
poration 173
Scottish Dyes (Ltd.) taken over by the British Dyes Cor-
poration 173
Import regulation act and dye prices 173
The dye industry' of France 174
The dye industry of Italy 184
Progress in 1925 . 184
Production in 1925 184
The dye industry of Japan 185
Production 185
Government measures to encourage dve manufacture 186
The dye industry of Poland 188
Production of dyes 188
The dye industry of Russia 188
The dye industry of Spain 189
Dye license system for import control 189
The dye industry of Switzerland 190
Exports in 1925 191
The dye trade of other countries —
Argentina 193
Austria 193
Belgium 194
Brazil 194
Canada 195
China 195
Czechoslovakia 196
Egypt 197
India 198
Netherlands 200
Sweden ._.____. 201
Part VII
APPENDIX
Statistics of domestic imports and exports of coal-tar products 205
Directory of manufacturers of dves and other synthetic organic chem-
icals, 1925 1 I 221
Statistical Tables
1. Summary of the production of dyes and coal-tar chemicals, 1918-
1925- ' - 7
2. Production and sales of S3'nthetic organic chemicals of noncoal-tar
origin, 1921-1925 9
3. Production of bv-product and beehive coke in the United States,
1913-1925- ---■ - 14
4. Production and sales of coke-oven, coal-gas, water-gas, and oil-gas
tar in the United States, 1918-1925 15
5. Production of coke-oven tar in the United States, 1918-1925 15
6. Coal-tar bv-products obtained from coke-oven operations, 1923-
1925--- J 18
VI CONTENTS
Page
7. Production of coal-tar crudes, 1925, by firms not primarily engaged
in the operation of coke-oven plants and gas houses 19
8. Total commercial production of benzene, toluene, solvent naphtha,
and naphthalene from all sources in the United States, 1918-1925- _ 20
9. Production and sales of phenol, 1917-1925 22
10. Domestic? sales price per pound of coal-tar intermediates, 1919-1925,
and invoice price of same intermediates imported, 1914 26
11. Production and sales of coal-tar intermediates, 1925 27
12. Production of intermediates, bv groups, according to unit values,
1922-1925 1 32
13. Domestic production and sales of coal-tar dyes, 1914 and 1917-1925- - 34
14. Stocks of domestic dyes on hand January 1, 1925 and 1926 34
15. Weighted average sales price domestic dyes, 1917-1925 35
16. Domestic sales prices of 100 dyes, 1920-1925, compared vi-ith invoice
values of same dyes imported in 1914 36
17. Production of dyes, by groups, according to unit values 37
18. Imports of coal-tar dyes into the United States, 1920-1926 43
19. Comparison of imports of dyes, by classes, fiscal year 1914 and cal-
endar years 1920-1925, with domestic production, calendar years
1917-1925 43
20- Production, imports, and consumption of vat dyes other than indigo
in the United States, 1914 and 1920-1925 53
21. Domestic exports of dyes 54
22- Domestic exports of dyes, bj' months, 1922-1926 (four months) 55
23. Imports of synthetic aromatic chemicals of coal-tar origin, 1925 58
24- Production and sales of dyes and other finished coal-tar products,
1925 60
25- Emplovees and rates of pav, dve and coal-tar chemical industrv,
^ 1925 1_-_1 1- 73
26- Employees and rates of pay, dye and coal-tar chemical industry, 1925,
percentages receiving specified wages 74
27- Imports of dves into the United States, bv countrv of shipment,
1920-1925-1 .' 1 94
28- Dyes im})orted into the United States, classified by method of appli-
'cation, 1921-1925 94
29- Dyes of each class, according to method of application, imported in
largest quantity in calendar year 1925, compared with corre-
sponding imports in 1924, 1923, 1922, and fiscal year 1914 95
30. Dves remaining in bonded customs warehouse, January 31, 1925-
April 30, 1926 ^ 97
31. Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 98
32. Production and sales of synthetic organic chemicals, 1925 (not de-
rived from coal tar) 144
33. Imports and production of certain synthetic organic chemicals (non-
coal tar), 1924 and 1925 '. 149
34. Production of dyes by chief producing countries, 1920-1925 154
35- Exports of coal-tar dyes from chief producing countries, 1921-1925 — 155
36- Imports of coal-tar dj^es into chief consuming countries, 1924 and
1925 - 156
37. Exports of coal-tar dyes from Germany, 1913 and 1920-1925 156
38. Summary of balance sheets of I. G. Farbenindustrie, 1924 and 1925-. 161
39. Germany: Exports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 162
40. Germany: Exports of coal-tar dyes, 1925 - 163
41. Germany: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 164
42. Germany: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1925 164
43. Production of dves in Great Britain, 1924 166
44. Balance sheet. Great Britain, March 31, 1925 171
45. The United Kingdom: Imports and exports of coal-tar dyes, 1925- _ 171
46. The United Kingdom: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 172
47. The United Kingdom: Exports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 172
48. France: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1925 175
49. France: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 175
50. France: Imports of coal-tar dves, 1923 177
51. France: Imports of indigo, 19i23 and 1924 179
52. France: Exports of coal-tar dyes, 1925 179
CONTENTS VII
Page
53. France: Exports of coal-tar dves, 1924 180
54. France : Exports of coal-tar dyes, 1923 182
54-a. France: Exports of indigo, 1923 and 1924 184
55. Ital}': Imports and exports of synthetic organic dyes, 1925 185
56. Italj': Imports of synthetic organic dyes by countries, 1925 185
56-a. Japan: Production of dyes and intermediates, August, 1923, to
September, 1924 185
57. Japan: Imports and exports of coal-tar dyes by classes, 1925 187
58. Japan: Imports of coal-tar dyes (exclusive of indigo) by countries,
1925 - 187
59. Japan: Imports and exports of coal-tar dyes by classes, 1924 187
60. Japan: Imports of coal-tar dyes (exclusive of indigo) by countries,
1924 _' . 187
61. Poland: Imports and exports of synthetic dyes, 1924 188
62. Spain: Imports of dves and intermediates, 1924 and 1925 190
63. Switzerland: Exports of dyes, 1913 and 1920-1925 191
63a. Switzerland: Imports and exports of coal-tar d.yes, 1925 192
64. Argentina: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1923 and 1924 193
65. Austria: Imports and exports of coal-tar dyes, 1925 193
66. Belgium: Imports and exports of coal-tar dj'es, 1925 194
67. Brazil: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 1 194
68. Canada: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 12 months ended March 31, 1925- 195
69. China: Imports of dyes, colors, and paints, 1924 195
70. China: Imports of natural indigo, 1924 196
71. Czechoslovakia: Imports and exports of coal-tar dyes, calender year
1924 I--- 196
72. Egypt : Imports and exports of coal-tar dyes, 1925 197
73. India: Imports of coal-tar dves and exports of natural indigo for fiscal
year ended March 31, 1924 198
74. India: Imports of coal-tar dves and exports of natural indigo for fiscal
year ended March 31, 1925 199
75. Netherlands: Imports and exports of synthetic organic dyes, 1924. _ 200
76. Sweden: Imports and exports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 201
77. United States: Imports of coal-tar products entered for consumption,
calendar years 1922-1925 205
78. United States: General imports of coal-tar products, by countries,
calendar years 1922-1925 211
79. United States: Exports of coal-tar and of dyes and dyestuflfs, calendar
years 1922-1925 217
INTRODUCTION
This report is a survey of the domestic dye and synthetic organic
chemical industry in 1925. It presents the results of a special
investigation made by the United States Tariff Commission with
respect to the production in the United States of coal-tar dyes and
synthetic organic chemicals, both of coal-tar and of noncoal-tar
origin. It includes a detailed tabulation of coal-tar dyes imported
into the United States and official statistics of imports and exports
of coal-tar dyes by the large consuming and producing nations of the
world. There is also included a chapter on the cost of dye in repre-
sentative fabrics and garments.
The survey is divided into six parts, as shown in Table of Contents
(pp. Ill to vii).
In the preparation of this report the Tariff Commission had the
services of Warren N. Watson and C. R. De Long, of the chemical
division of the commission's staff, and of others.
5919— 26t 2
IX
PART I
SUMMARY OF THE CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER
SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS, 1925
Part I
SUMMARY OF THE CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYN-
THETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS, 1925.
Introduction
The United States Tariff Commission has reported annuall}^,
beginning with 1917, the progress of the American dye and coal-tar
chemical mdustry. In 1921 this annual census was extended to
include synthetic organic chemicals other than those derived from
coal tar.'
In addition to production and sales figures for the domestic in-
dustry the present report contains a detailed tabulation of coal-tar
dyes imported into the United States, a discussion of the interna-
tional dye trade, developments in the foreign dye-producing countries,
and official statistics of exports and imports of the more important
dye consuming and producing countries of the world in post-war
years. A new feature of the present report is a section showing the
cost of dye in representative fabrics and garments.
The general grouping of coal-tar chemicals adopted in the present
report follows that of the tariff act of 1922, which conforms in general,
although not in ever}- detail, with common practice. Crudes, para-
graph 1549, free, are contained in and separated from crude coal tar;
intermediates, dutiable under paragraph 27 at 40 per cent and 7
cents per pound, are produced from the crudes by chemical processes;
with certain exceptions, tiiey are used only for the manufacture of
dyes and other finished products by further chemical treatment; dyes
and other finished products are dutiable under paragraph 28 at 45
per cent and 7 cents per pound. The term "other finished products"
includes color lakes, photographic chemicals, medicinals, flavors,
perfume materials, synthetic resins, and synthetic tanning materials.
Explosives derived from coal-tar materials, although dutiable under
paragraph 28, are not included in this census.
A summary of domestic production of coal-tar products from 1918
to 1925, according to the classes given above, is contained in Table
1, page 7. Production figures for 1925 were compiled from the
returns of 18(i companies ^ and are believed to form a complete record
of the manufacture of such prodiicts in that year. The quantity
1 other reports prepared by the Tariff Commission relating to conditions in the dye industry include:
(1) Costs of production in Ihe dve industry, 1918 and 1919, and (2) Dyes and other coal-tar chemicals,
December 12, 1918.
2 This census includes production returns of 215 firms, of which 29 made synthetic organic chemicals
of noncoal-tar origin only and 18fi made synthetic organic chemicals of coal-tar origin or of both coal-tar
and also noncoal-tar origin. Of the 21,'i firms, 185 granted permission for the publication of their names
and 30 did not grant such permission. The names of the 185 firms are listed in the directory of manu-
facturers of dyes and other synthetic organic chemicals, see appendix, p. 221.
4 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
and value of each product are given in as great detail as is possible
without revealing the operations of individual manufacturers. It
has been the policy of the commission not to publish either produc-
tion or sales figures unless at least three firms report a given product,
and then only when production (or sales) is well distributed among
the different firms. In many instances neither production nor sales
figures are published, even where there are more than three producers,
because of the fsict that one firm either produced or sold a large part
of the total output.
Summary of Domestic Production, 1925
CRUDES
The production of by-product coke — 39,452,000 tons — established
a new record, according to the preliminary figures of the United
States Geological Survey. This is a 16 per cent increase over
1924. The output of beehive coke was 10,714,000 tons, which is
less than one-third of the 1913 figure. Of the total coke production
78.6 per cent was from by-product ovens, a record in the history of
the industry, showing the trend toward an increased use of the
by-product oven, which saves the valuable by-products, including
ammonia, tar, and gas. By-product ovens are supplying an increas-
ing quantity of gas for city consumption and coke is enjoying an
increased popularity as a domestic fuel.
Coal-tar production in 1925 totaled 528,000,000 gallons, a 12.5 per
cent increase over 1924. On account of the production in excess of
the requirements of the tar distilling and chemical industry, approxi-
mately 60 per cent v\^as used as fuel. Because of the demand for
partly refined products, such as motor fuel, solvents, and pitches,
only a part of the 192,000,000 gallons distilled was converted into
refined products, such as benzene, toluene, naphthalene.
Creosote or dead oil, of great value as a wood preservative, is
made in increasing but insufficient quantities. The 1925 production
of 43,667,848 gallons was an increase of 6 per cent over 1924. About
two-thirds of our consumption is imported. Imports in 1925 ex-
ceeded, both in value and quantity, the total of all other coal-tar
products imported into the United States.
intermediates
Intermediates are prepared from the coal-tar crudes by chemical
treatment. They are further converted by complex chemical pro-
cesses into finished coal-tar products, such as dyes, medicinals, per-
fumes, flavors, photographic chemicals, synthetic resins, and tanning
materials. Other uses for intermediates are as accelerators in the
vulcanization of rubber, as camphor substitutes, insecticides, germi-
cides, and i'A the flotation process of concentrating ores.
The total production of intermediates by 92 firms in 1925 was
210,690,779 pounds, as compared with 186,596,562 pounds in 1924.
Sales in 1925 amounted to 86,066,651 pounds, valued at $19,756,200.
There were notable increases in the production of those intermediates
normally consumed in large quantities for djQ manufacture. Progress
is evident in the production of specialty intermediates required in the
manufacture of fast dyes.
SUMMARY OF DOMESTIC PEODUCTION, 1925 5
Conspicuous among the intermediates showing expansion in
manufacture in 1925 were anthraquinone derivatives, synthetic
and natural phenol, cresylic acid, and phthalic anhydride. The
combined output of synthetic and natural phenol was nearly double
that of 1924, and the production of phthalic anhydride was the
highest yet reported. Owing to the commercialization of the syn-
thetic process of obtaining anthraquinone from phthalic anhydride
and benzene, refined anthracene production was reduced to only
a small fraction of what it was in former years, and it doubtless will
never again assume the place it once occupied in dye manufacture.
Progress in the manufacture of rubber accelerators was notable.
COAL-TAR DYES
Production Increased '25 per cent. — The output of coal-tar dyes by
75 firins was 86,345,438 pounds in 1925, as compared with 68,679,000
pounds in 1924. The total sales in the two years were 79,303,451
poimds, valued at $37,468,332, and 64,961,433 pounds valued at
S35, 012,400, respectively. The increased output is in part due to
the improvement in the export trade of which indigo and sulphur
black are the principal items. About four-fifths of the total in-
crease in all dyes may be attributed to the expansion in production
of these two dyes alone.
Decline in domestic dye prices. — The weighted average price of all
domestic dyes sold was about 13 per cent less in 1925 than in 1924.
The price in 1925 was $0.47 per pound compared with $0.54 in 1924,
$0.60 in 1922, and $1.26 in 1917. Price recessions in 1925 were
general, occurring in the low as well as the high-price dyes. They
were largely due to severe competition between the domestic manu-
facturers, and in the high-price colors to increased competition from
imported dyes.
Progress in dye manufacture. — The development of a domestic
dye industry in the last 10 years is an outstanding feature in the
history of the chemical industry of the United States. More than
90 per cent of the total quantity of dyes consumed in the United
States in 1925 were of domestic manufacture and certain dyes were
exported in significant amounts. The growth of the industry is
manifest not only in increased output but in the production for the
first time in the United States of many vat dyes, direct dyes, alizarin
derivatives, and special colors for dyeing rayon and certain mixed
fibers. Many new dyes were placed on the market during the first
six months of 1926. Research under way is expected to result in
continued progress.
Relation of production to consumption. — In 1925, imports of dyes
were 6 per ceht of the total production by quantity and over 12 per
cent by value. Assuming domestic consumption to be equal to
the total sales plus imports, minus exports, imports measured quan-
titively were nearly 9 per cent of consumption and dyes made in
the United States were about 91 per cent. In terms of value, how-
ever, domestic dyes supplied considerably less than 91 per cent of
consumption for the reason that the price of imported dyes is much
higher than the average of domestic dyes.
Reduction in number of dye manufacturers. — Seventy-five firms
reported production of dyes in 1925 (six of which made only bacterio-
logical stains and indicators). In 1924, 78 firms reported and in
6 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
1919, 90 firms. By the end of 1925 four of the 75 firms reporting
had ceased manufacture, making seven fewer producers in December,
1925, than in 1924.
Severe competition resulting from the excess capacity to pro-
duce will in the long run eliminate many of the existing firms.
It is likely that some of the smaller ones w^ill be absorbed by the
larger and that several others will amalgamate in order to lower
manufacturing costs by a reduction of overhead, selling expense,
and duplication.
Record 'production oj vat dyes. — Vat dyes other than indigo attained
their maximum production with a total of over 2,600,000 pounds,
or an increase of 43 per cent over the 1924 figure. The total pro-
duction of vat dyes, including indigo, was 31,730,178 pounds as
compared with 21,818,022 in 1924.
The increasing consumption of vat dyes is largely due to their
demand by certain progressive textile manufacturers of fast-dyed
fabrics. Although more costly than other colors, vat dyes are more
economical in the long run, especially for cottons and fabrics sub-
jected to the severe treatment of the modern laundry. Up to the
present time (1926) these dyes have been used chiefl}" on cotton, but
their application to silk is assuming more importance each year.
The consumption of this group of colors in the United States has
nearly doubled in the last three years.
Imports oJ dyes increase. — The total imports of coal-tar dyes for
1925 were 5,209,601 pounds, valued at S4,637,240, representing a 72
per cent increase by quantity and a 59 per cent increase by value
over the 1924 figure. Germany furnished 52 per cent of the imports,
Switzerland, 32 per cent, and England, Ital.y, Belgium, Canada, and
France the bulk of the remainder. Competition from imported
colors, principally the higher cost dyes, has been pronounced; prac-
tically all of these have come from Germany and Switzerland, and
consist largely of vat dyes, alizarins, developed direct dyes, and
dyes covered by foreign patents.
Of the total ciuantity of dyes imported, 46 per cent were vat
dyes, 14.5 per cent direct colors, 12.3 per cent mordant and chrome,
and over 11 per cent each the basic dyes and the acid dyes.
Effect of tariff reduction on dye imports. — As provided by the tarifl'
act of 1922, the ad valorem rate on dyes and other finished coal-tar
products dutiable under paragraph 28 was automatically reduced on
September 22, 1924, from 60 per cent to 45 per cent; and the rate on
intermediates, dutiable under paragraph 27, from 55 per cent to 40
per cent; the specific duty remained at 7 cents per pound on both
intermediates and finished products.
Following this reduction in rates of duty there was a conspicuous
increase in imports. As pointed out in the commission's report of
1923, the specific duty was more effective on the low-priced dyes
and the ad valorem rate on the high-priced dyes. Consequently the
reduction more directly afl'ected the higher-priced dyes. The
monthly average import of dyes in the first nine months of 1924,
prior to the reduction, was 179,103 pounds valued at $182,515, as
compared with 434,133 pounds valued at $386,437 in 1925, and
385,763 pounds, valued at $365,721 for the first three months of
1926. Imports have been mostly of German and Swiss manufacture.
Dye exports. — Exports in 1925 totaled 25,799,889 pounds, valued
at $6,694,360, an increase of 64 per cent in quantity and 19 per cent
SUMMARY OF DOMESTIC PRODUCTION, 1925 7
in value over 1924. China, Japan, Canada, British India, and the
Central and South American countries are the principal foreign
markets. Russia took some dyes in 1925. Indigo and sulphur black
were the leading dyes exported; some direct dyes and a limited
quantity of other types were sold abroad. Severe competition in
world markets has resulted in price reductions in nearly every im-
portant consuming country.
STATISTICS OF PRODUCTION
Table 1. — Summary of the production of dyes and coal-tar chemicals, 1918-1925
Intermediates (total)
Finished products (total).
Dyes.-
Color lakes
Photographic chemicals...
Medicinals
Flavors
Perfumes
Tanning materials
Synthetic phenolic resins.
Number
of manu-
facturers
Production
Pounds
357,
76,
Value
.$124, 382, 892
83, 815, 746
62, 026, 390
5, 020, 023
823, 915
7, 792, 984
4, 925, 627
584. 695
2, 642, 120
1919
Number
ofmami-
facturers
Production
Pounds
116
155
90 1
34 :
10
31
9 I
6
1
{ .0
177. 362, 426
82, 532, 390
63, 402, 194
7. 569, 921
335, 509
6, 777, 988
610.825
41,419
Value
$63, 210, 0 7
84, 585, 544
67, 598, 856
4,179,964
1,059,340
7, 883, 071
1, 318, 654
164, 302
3, 794, .i34 I 2,381,358
Intermediates (total) __
Finished products
(total)
Dyes
Color lakes
Photographic
chemicals.- ._
Medicinals. _
Flavors
Perfumes
Tanning:materials_-.
Synthetic phenolic
resins .-
Number
of manu-
facturers
161
82
43
Production
Pounds
Value
Number
of manu-
facturers
257,726,911 $95,291,686
112,942,227 112,731,547
8», 263, 776 95, 613, 749
10, 983, 538 5, 871, 820
440, 759
5, 184, 989
166, 884
99, 740
3,142,861
4, 659, 680
1,015,848
5, 726, 776
527. 493
332, 008
233, 674
3,410,179
108
147
74
43
5
34
17
15
4
Production
Sales
Pounds
Pounds
70, 899, 912 33, 637, 326
51, 457, ,565
39, 008, 690
6, 162, 187
183, 798
1.. 54,5, 917
901,245
1 19, 335
1,902, .597
60, 434, 009
47, 513, 762
6, 424, 612
170, 221
1, 876, 246
933, 662
119,691
1,721,3.59
1,643,796 1 1,674,456 1,352,166
Value
$8, 483, 463
47, 996, 514
39, 283, 956
2, 863, 189
248, 041
2, 930, 324
1,002,018
175,816
141,005
8 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 1. — Summary of the productionof dyea (uid coal-tar chemicals, 1918-1925 —
Continvied
Intermediates (total) _
Finished products
(total)
Dyes
Color lakes
Photographic chem-
icals
Medieinals
Flavors
Perfumes
Tanning materials.
Synthetic phenolic
resins
1924
Num-
ber of
manu-
fac-
turers
Produc-
tion
Pounds
186, 59fi, 562
97,730,211
68, 679, 000
9, 343, 147
316, 183
2, 967, 944
1, 750, 555
1, 895, 267
■12,778,115
Sales
Pounds
76, 897. 521
93, 636, 109
64,901,433
9, 281, 673
321. 865
2, 688, 329
1, 691, 863
1,945,488
12,745,4.58
Value
$18, 164, 334
55. 932. 580
35, 012, 400
4, 045, 799
401.379
5. 178. 099
1,471,089
945, 773
8,818,041
1925
Num-
ber of
manu-
fac-
turers
Produc-
tion
Sales
Pounds Pounds Value
210, 699, 779| 86, 066, 651
I
120. .554, 228 112, 671. 779
86.345,438 79,303,451
11.414,7.53 11,308,444
I .(
3. 237, 796
2, 207, 102
2. 335, 024
327,041 348.842 47.5,095
3, 294, 8,
2, 148, 904
2, 370. 728
$19, 756, 200
60,811,400
37,468.332
5, .544, 371
6,331,918
1.409,311
883, 617
14.687,0741 13.896, f 83 8.698,7:6
International Dye Trade in 1925
The commission's dye reports of 1922 to 1924, discussed pre-war
conditions in the international dye trade and the status of now indus-
tries established during and since the World War.
The year 1925 was marked by energetic and organized efforts on the
part of Germany to regain her former dominance of the world's dye
markets. One of the agencies through which it is hoped to recover
trade lost to foreign countries during the war, particularly to the
United States, Great Britain, France, Japan, and Italy, is a super-
trust formed in 1925 by the consolidation of six German dye pro-
ducers. This consolidation, one of the most ambitious undertakings
in the history of German fmance, is primarily intended to reduce
manufacturing costs.
A second project is the consolidation of foreign sales agencies.
Amalgamations have been effected in Great Britain, the United
States, Switzerland, Belgium, Holland, Japan, JVle.xico, Canada,
Czechoslovakia, and Russia. The puipose of this combination is to
increase the competitive strength of the German cartel in each of
these foreign markets.
In 1925 the export of German dyes amounted to 75,879,025 pounds,
valued at $44,311,155, an increase of 24 per cent in quantity and 42
per cent in value over 1924. Germany h^s been successful in ex-
tending her export trade, particularly in the higher-priced dyes and
has increased her shipments to both producing and nonproducing
nations. In certain tonnage dyes, including indigo and sulphui",
black, she has encountered competition from the United States,
Great Britain, and France, as well as from her former comj^etitor,
Switzerland.
The world's capacity to produce dyes greatly in excess of demand
continues and has brought about severe competition in the world's
markets, with a dowmward trend in prices. The new producing
nations, regarding dye manufacture as a key industry and essential
to national defense, have adopted protective measures with a view
to stimulating dye manufacture. Siicfi measures tend to maintain
SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS NOT FROM COAL TAR
9
an excess capacity to produce above the normal requirements.
Competition, however, will undoubtedly reduce capacity in coming
years to a figure more nearly the pre-war level.
Among recent technical developments has been a world-wide
trend toward increased production and consumption of fast dyes,
specialty dyes, and dyes of lower application cost, such as soluble
vat dyes and colors for the dyeing of rayon (artificial silk).
In Great Britain significant changes are taking place. The Gov-
ernment has withdrawn from participation in the affairs of the
British Dyestuft's Corporation, with the result that there has been
a writing down of the assets of the corporation and a reduction in its
capital. The Government stock, costing £1,700,000, was sold to the
corporation for £600,000. In 1925 the corporation took over the
Scottish Dyes (Ltd.), a concern that is preeminent in the production
of vat colors. Its acquisition is considered a sound policy on the
part of the British Dyestuffs Corporation.
Italy has made progress in the manufacture of new dyes, especially
synthetic indigo made on a commercial scale for the first time in
1925. Spain has recently adepted a system of dye license import
control for the protection of the home industry. Japan, following
the system of dye import control adopted in June, 1924, and the
subsidy act in March, 1925, has extended the provisions of the sub-
sidy to firms producing certain high-class dyes. Russia, in an effort
to establish a dye industry, is now producing certain crudes, inter-
mediates, and dyes. The Swiss d^^e industry, which ranks second to
the German, now operates branch plants in the United States, Great
Britain, France, and Italy. The export trade of Switzerland in
1925 shows a loss in tonnage of indigo shipments but a slight increase
in both value and quantit}' for dyes other than indigo.
Synthetic Organic Chemicals Not Derived from Coal Tar
Expansion in this field is a signal feature of the progress made in
1925 in the chemical industry. The output of 156,878,013 pounds
is a 36 per cent increase over 1924. Sales reached the unprecedented
total of 114,626,209 pounds, valued at $23,632,779. A number of
products, heretofore made on a relatively small scale in the United
States, were produced in commercial quantity in 1925.
Products in the group include esters and solvents used by the
pyroxylin plastic and the lacquer industries. Among those showing
a conspicuous increase in production in 1925 are butanol, butyl
acetate, ethylene derivatives, formaldehyde, and acetaldehyde.
Xanthates, used as flotation agents for sulphide ores containing
copper, zinc, lead, silver, and gold, also showed a phenomenal increase
in 1925.
Table 2.
-Production and sales of synthetic organic chemicals of noncoal-tar origin,
1921-1925
Year
Production
Sales
1921 -.
Pounds
21,545,186
79,202,155
90, 597, 712
115.817,865
156,878,013
Pounds
16,761.C96
60, 494, 494
67, 727, 067
85,933,461
114, 626, 209
Value
$7,226,068
1922
11,964,074
1923 .
13, 875, 521
1924 ■ .
20, 604, 717
1925-
23, 632, 779
PART II
PRODUCTIONJ OF^ DYES AND COAL-TAR CHEMI-
CALS, 1925
11
Part II
PRODUCTION OF DYES AND COAL-TAR CHEMICALS, 1925
Coal-Tar Crudes
Record output of by-product coJce. — The total domestic production
of coke in 1925 was 50,166,000 ' net tons, of which 39,452,000 tons
were obtained from by-product ovens. Since 1913 the trend has
been steadily away from beehive coke to by-product until in 1925
the ratios of the two to total production stood at 78.6 per cent by-
product as against 21.4 per cent beehive — almost the exact reverse
of the 1913 proportions, which were 27.5 and 72.5 per cent, respec-
tively. The 1925 production of by-product coke is a 16 per cent
increase over the 1924 output and is nearly 5 per cent in excess of
production in 1923, foimerly the peak year.
The beehive-coke industry serves largely as an auxiliary source of
coke when the output of by-product ovens is insufficient to meet
the demand of the steel industry. The anthracite coal strike from
September, 1925, to February, 1926, increased the consumption and
probably the permanent demand for coke as a house fuel. By-
product coke ovens are supplying an increasing quantity of gas for
city consumption, the coke having a local market for domestic fuel.
The use of by-product coke-oven gas has a tendencj^ to check the
use of water gas and is affecting the use of coal gas.
In the conservation of national resources the replacement of bee-
hive ovens by the by-product variety, which recover the tar, ammonia,
and gas products entirely wasted by the old beehive type, is of great
economic significance for the following reasons: (1) The by-product
ovens increase the production of ammonia for fertilizer and other
uses; (2) the gas produced in these ovens is used for municipal light-
ing and industrial heating; and (3) the output of tar insures an abun-
dant supply of coal tar for the preparation of crudes, which serve
as a basis of the domestic coal-tar dye and chemical industry.
Table 3 shows the production of by-product and beehive coke
from 1913 to 1925, inclusive. The figures for 1925 are not final;
those for by-product coke are taken from preliminary reports of the
Geological Survey and those for beehive coke are estimates based
upon the statements of producers as to the number of cars loaded
for shipment by the railroads.
1 U. S. Oeol. Surv. preliminary figures.
13
14
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table ^.—Production of hy-product and beehive coke in the United States in specified
years, 1913-1925
Year
Net tons i)roduced
Per cent of total
output
By-product
Beehive
Total
By-
product
Bee-
hive
1913..
12, 714, 700
14, 072, 895
22, 439, 280
25, 997, 580
25. 137, 621
30,833 951
33, 584, 830
27, 508, 255
33, 167, ,548
30, 480, 792
19, 042, 936
90 .=i1I nf)9
46, 299, 530
41,581,150
55. 606, 828
56, 478, 372
44, 180. 557
51.345,043
25, 287, 622
37,124,012
.56, 977, 534
44. 269, 605
50, 166, 000
27 5
79 .•;
1915. . -
33 8 ' fiR '
1917..
40.4
46.0
.56.9
60.0
78.1
76.9
66.0
76.8
78.6
59 6
1918 . .
54 0
1919
43 1
1920
40 0
1921.
19, 749, 580 5' 538' 042
21 9
1922. -
28, 5f 0, 545
37, 597, 664
33, 983, 568
39, 452, 000
8, 573, 467
19,379,870
10, 286, 037
10, 714, 000
23 1
1923
34 0
1924 "...
23 2
1925 2 . .
21 4
' Revised since last report.
2 Preliminary.
Production of tars. — The output of tars in 1925, according to pre-
liminary figures, was 528,059,000 gallons, a 12.5 per cent increase over
1924. Sales in 1925 amounted to 294,954,000 gallons, valued at
$14,574,000, as compared with 253,000,000 gallons in 1924, valued
at $11,772,000. Nearly 56 per cent of the combined production of
coke-oven and coal-gas tar was sold, and over 52 per cent of the
coke-oven tar. Reports submitted to the Tariff Commission by firms
not primarily engaged in the operation of coke ovens indicate that
approximately 183,000,000 gallons of tar were distilled in 1925. It
is estimated that, in addition, about 9,000,000 gallons were distilled
by other firms, making a total of 192,000,000 gallons, which is
slightly less than the figure for 1924. Including about 100,000,000
gallons of tar sold but not distilled, it is estimated that approximately
60 per cent of the total production of coal tar was used as fuel.
The use of tar as a fuel tends to increase as the price of crude
oil or coal advances. Tar has at all times a certain fuel value, and
the distiller must pay somewhat more than the fuel value. On
account of the demand for such partly refined products, such as sol-
vents and soft pitches, only a part of the tar is distilled into refined
phenol, cresylic acid, naphthalene, and anthracene. Only a portion
of the light oil obtained from the coke-oven gas is separated into
benzene, toluene, and xylene, because of the quantity demanded for
motor fuel and solvents.
Table 4 shows the production and sales of coke-oven, coal-gas,
water-gas, and oil-gas tar in the United States from 1918 to 1925,
inclusive. Table 5 shows the production of coke-oven tar in the
same period and the percentage used and sold each year.
COAL-TAJ? CRUDES
15
Table 4^.— Production and sales of coke-oven, coal-gas, ivater-gas, and oil-gas tar in
the United States, 1918-1925
[Compiled by the United States Geological Survey and Bureau of Mines from reports of producers. The
difference between production and sales is accounted for by tar used by the producer and by changes in
stock]
Coke-oven
tar
Coal-gas
tar
Total coal
tar
Water and
oil gas tar
Production (gallons):
1918 .. ...
263, 299, 470
288,901,739
360, 664, 124
253,051,649
327, 779, 734
440, 907, 109
422, 074, 326
480,059,000
200, 233, 002
217, 707, 1.57
174,363,696
135, 293, 047
162,204,417
211,7,39,469
209. 979, 999
2.53, 954, 000
$6. 364, 972
6, 918, 549
6, 378, 040
5, 645, 309
6,419,743
9, 250, 552
9, 623, 520
12, 474, 000
52, 694, 826
(')
51, 264, 956
(')
48, 082, 228
0)
(■)
(•)
47, 727, 839
(')
46, 604, 133
(>)
41,266,074
(■)
(')
(')
$1,863,580
(')
2,010,186
(•)
1,955,9.50
(')
(>)
(■)
315.994,296
340, 900, 000
411,929,080
303, 000, 000
375, 861, 962
488, 900, 000
470. 000, 000
528, 059, 000
247, 960, 841
264, 900, 000
220, 967, 829
179, 200, 000
203, 470, 491
254, 700, 000
253, 000, 000
294, 954, 000
$8, 228. 552
8,800,000
8, 388, 226
7, 760. 000
8, 375, 693
11,400,000
11,772,000
14, .574, 000
100, 985, 156
1919...
(2)
1920
116,073,907
1921
(')
1922 .
104, 555, 028
1923 3..
(2)
1924 3
(2)
1925 *.
(2)
Sales (gallons):
1918
55, 283, 484
1919
(2)
1920
59, 238, 730
1921
(2)
1922
47, 338, 489
1923 3
< 49, 990, 840
1924 3
(?)
1925 «. .
(2)
Value of sales:
1918 . ...
$1,805,865
1919- .
(2)
1920 .
2,109,388
1921
(})
1922
1,879,490
1923 3
' 2, 001, 363
1924 3 .
(^)
1925'.. ..
{■)
' No report. Estimate included in total.
2 No report.
3 Revised since last report.
< As reported by the Bureau of the Census.
5 Preliminary figures.
Table 5. — Production of coke-oven tar in the United States and percentage used and
sold, 1918-1925
[Compiled by United States Geological Survey and Bureau of Mines from reports of operators]
Coke-oven tar
Year
Gallons pro-
duced
Per cent
sold'
Per cent
used •
1918
263, 299, 470
288,901,7;i9
360, 664, 124
253,051,649
327, 779. 734
440, 907, 109
422, 074, 326
480, 059, 000
76.0
75.4
48.3
.53.5
49.5
48.0
49.6
52.8
24.0
1919 _.
24.6
1920
51.7
1921
46.5
1922
50. 5
1923 2
52.0
1924 2 .
50.4
1925 3
47.2
' No account is taken of changes in stocks. ^ Revised since last report. 3 Preliminary figures.
Production of coal-tar crudes. — Data on the domestic production
of crudes are collected either by the Tariff Commission or by the
Geological Survey. Crudes distilled from tar at the by-product
coke-oven plants are reported to the Geological Survey; those made
by firms primarily engaged in the distillation of tar are reported to
the Tariff Commission.
Firms engaged primarily in distilling coal tar distilled 182,749,066
gallons of tar in 1925 — slightly less (0.7 per cent) than the quantity
distilled in 1924. Among the crudes made by tar distillation those
16 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
showing relatively large increases were light oil, motor fuel, and
xylene. Pyridine, refined tar, and crude anthracene were also made
in increased quantity, although the 1925 output of crude anthracene
was only a small fraction of the peak production in 1920, when it was
used extensively in the manufacture of anthraquinone for dyes.
The big drop since 1920 is due to the preparaton of anthraquinone
synthetically from phthalic anhydride and benzene. It is not
likely that anthracene will ever again be a raw material of importance
in the dye industrJ^
Crude naphthalene, the production of which was 34,135,175 pounds,
showed a slight decrease from 1924. There was also a large drop
in imports in 1925, but the figures for the early months of 1926
indicate heavier shipments in the current year.
Table 6 (p. 18) gives the quantity of by-products obtained in
coke-oven operations from 1923 to 1925, inclusive, together with the
quantity and value of sales.
Table 7 (p. 19) shows the production of crudes by firms engaged
primaril}'- in the distillation of coal tar in 1925.
Table 8 (p. 20) gives the total production from all sources of
benzene, ''motor benzol," tolueie, solvent naphtha, and naphtha-
lene in the United States from 1918 to 1925, inclusive. Benzene,
motor benzol, and toluene were made in greatly increased quantities
in 1925; the output of solvent naphtha and naphthalene in slightly
increased quantities.
Imports and exports of crudes. — Imports are given in Table 78
(p. 205) and exports in table 80 (p. 217).
Increase in use of creosote oil as a wood preservative. — The use of
creosote or dead oil as a wood preservative for railway ties, tele-
graph poles, and mine and construction timber is increasing each
year. Expansion in the industry is not confined to the United
States but is world-wide. In the domestic industry there has been
a steady gain in the number of wood-treatment plants and in the
quantity of wood treated.
The rate at which our standing timber is being consumed — four
and one-half times - as fast as it is replaced by growth — makes the
conservation of our forest reserves a vital problem in our national
economy. Wood preservation by chemical treatment is one of the
means by which the annual drain of 22.4 billion cubic feet on our
forests can be reduced. It is estimated that the ecjuivalent of more
than 4,000,000,000 cubic feet is each year lost through decay alone
and that about 50 per cent of such loss could be prevented through
the use of wood preservatives. This would mean a saving of 1^
billion cubic feet a year, or more than 7 per cent of our total loss.
Recent estimates by the Bureau of Plant Industry, Department of
Agriculture, distribute decay losses in forests products as follows:
Eatimated annual production needed to replace that lot<t through decay each year
Tor cent i
Lumber and dimension material 15
Railroad ties 50
Fencing 50
Mine timbers 20
Poles 50
Piling 25
' Quantity of wood treated and preservatives used in the United States in 1923, 1924, and 1925. Forest
Service, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture.
COAL-TAR CRUDES 17
The increasing use of treated timber is largely due to the dissemi-
nation of knowledge as to its economic advantages. Consumers are
learning through experience that the application of creosote oil to
wood insures increased life to the wood and reduces replacement
costs.
In 1924 over 268,000,000 cubic feet of wood were treated, an
increase of nearly 20 per cent over the previous year. The consump-
tion of preservatives by the 162 plants reporting in 1924 was as fol-
lows: Creosote, 157,305,358 gallons, nearly one-half of which was
imported; zinc chloride, 33,208,675 pounds, of which over 14,000,000
pounds were in the fused or solid form and nearly 19,000,000 pounds
in the form of a 50 per cent solution. In addition to these two pre-
servatives 11,000,000 gallons of petroleum were used in a creosote
mixture; about 1,200,000 gallons of paving oil, a mixture of creosote
oil and water-gas tar; and 473,207 gallons of mercuric chloride,
sodium fluoride, proprietary preparations, and other miscellaneous
preservatives.
The 1925 output of creosote oil was 43,667,848 gallons, valued at
$5,751,875, an increase of 6 per cent over 1924. Imports in 1925
were 84,868,568 gallons, valued at $10,973,491, as compared with
89,687,632 gallons in 1924 and 64,199,636 gallons in 1923. About
one-third of our consumption is therefore supplied by domestic pro-
duction. The 1925 import of creosote oil was the greatest single
coal-tar product imported, exceeding all others both in quantity and
value.
In view of the large quantity of coal tar burned as a fuel in the
United States— approximately 330,000,000 gallons in 1925— the pos-
sibility of increasing the output of creosote oil raises marketing prob-
lems. Several factors are involved in increased production — for one
thing the simultaneous manufacture of other products, chief of which
is pitch. A market for these coproducts is essential if creosote oil is
to be sold at a reasonable figure. At the existing price level, the dis-
tillation of tar for creosote oil alone is not feasible. In Europe and
Great Britain there is a good demand for hard pitch for briquettes;
in the United States the principal demand is for a soft pitch for road
building. The separation of creosote oil gives a hard pitch for which
there is relatively little demand. If a greater domestic demand for
hard pitch could be created, the output of creosote oil could be in-
creased; a decrease in the quantity of pitch used for road building in
the event of macadam roads being generally replaced by a hard
cement surface, would, on the other hand, lead to a decrease in the
quantity of tar distilled and consequently to a smaller production
of creosote oil.
The use of wood-tar creosotes for wood preservation is relatively
insignificant, largely because of their lack of uniformity, limited out-
put, and higher price. They do not promise to be preservative
agents of any great commercial value.
18
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEB SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
STATISTICS OF PRODUCTION
Table 6. — Coal-tar by-products obtained from coke-o»en operations, 1923-1925
[United States Geological Survey and Bureau of Mines]
Product
Production
1923
Tar ...gallons.
Light oil and derivatives:
Crude light oil do...
Benzol —
Crude do...
Refined do...
Motor benzol do
Toluol-
Crude.. do...
Refined do. . .
Solvent naphtha do»..
Other light oil products.. .do...
Naphthalene:
Crude i)ounds.
Refined do...
1924
Tar gallons..
Light oil and derivatives:
Crude light oil do
Benzol, crude and refined ' do
Motor benzol ' do
Toluol—
Crude, _ do
Refined do
Solvent naphtha do
Other light oils do
Sales
Quantity
440, 907, 109
I 135,647,175
4, 503, 428
12, 3(54, 043
80, 467, 883
37, 777
2,847,517
4, 162.178
439, 253
» 104, 822, 079
11,872,007
1,139,922
13,011,929
422, 074, 326
Naphthalene:
Crude pounds.
Refined do...
1925 «
Tar gallons..
Light oil and derivatives:
Crude light oil do
Benzol, crude and refined. do
Motor l)enzoI do
Toluol-
Crude do
Refined. _ do
Solvent naphtha do
Other light oil products do
Naphthalene:
C rude. pounds.
Refined. do...
3 128, 956, 955
18.135,025
73,768,831
234, 244
2, 951, 187
4, 474, 220
1, 364, 528
'100,928,035
8, 378, 666
13, 302
8, 391, 968
480, 059, 000
« 146, 443, 000
24, 128, 000
8],470,aK)
127,600
5, 330, 000
4, 744, 000
2, 377, 000
'118,176,600
9, 124, 000
38,000
9, 162, 000
211,739,469
6, .139, 368
4. 348, 400
12,375,782
80, 480, 326
6,097
2, 628, 686
3, 399, 904
198, 098
109, 976, 661
10,047,427
1,198,206
11,245,633
209, 979, 999
7, 840, 582
17,740,608
72,921,244
245, 079
2, 986, 423
3, 884, 586
1, 077, 842
106, 696, 363
7,891,116
327, 957
8,219,073
253, 954, 000
10, 202. 000
22, 020, 000
79, 983, 000
46,800
5, 055, 000
4, 016, 000
1,266,000
122, 588, 800
9, 195, 000
208, 000
9, 403, 000
Value
Total
9, 250, 552
683, 545
768, 486
3, 070, 751
13,145,833
978
765, 052
608, 084
10, 605
19,0.'53,334
174, 216
65, 483
239, 699
9, 623, 520
652, 467
3, 736, 656
11,066,652
51, 041
718,641
724, 874
78, 934
17, 029, 265
116,305
11,903
128, 208
12, 474, 000
1,0.'J3,000
4, 938, 000
13,231,000
10, 100
1.31.3,000
769, 000
99, 000
21,413,100
S6, 300
5, 100
91, 400
' Refined on the premises to make the derived products shown, 132,517,389 gallons.
' Total gallons of derived products.
3 Refined on the premises to make the derived products shown, 125, .580,743 gallons.
< Revised since last report.
5 Preliminary figures.
« Refined on the premises to make the derived products shown, 142,340,000 gallons.
COAL-TAK CRUDES
19
Table 7. — Production of coal-tar crudes, 1925, by firms not primarily engaged in
the operation of coke-oven plants and gas houses
[The numbers in the second column refer to the numbered alphabetical list of manufacturers given on p. 221 .
An X indicates that the corresponding product w;is niade by a manufacturer who did not consent to the
publication of his name in connection therewith. A blank in the third and fourth columns indicates
that there was actual production of the corresponding article, but that the figures can not be published
without revealing the output of individual firms]
Manufacturers' identification
numbers (according to list on
p. 221).
1925
Name
Quantity
Value
Unit
value
Total crudes
$22,334,307
Anthracene (crude, less than 30
)50.
per cent) _lbs..
Anthracene oil ealls..
141, 150, X
15, 21. 42, 135, X
741, 576
171,005
$0,231
farbolic or middle oil do
33, 45__.
Dead or creosote oil ..do
Extracted crude tar acids do
15, 21, 33, 42, 45, 95, 117, 141, 150,
163,181, X. X, X.
15, 42, 95
43, 667, 848
5, 751, 875
.132
Light oil do.. .
33, 45, 117, 141, X..
745,439
91,003
.122
Motor fuel--. do ..
42, 135
Naphthalene (crude) lbs. .
Other distillates galls..
P itch of tar tons . .
Psuedo cumene galls..
14, 15, 33, 42, 45, 95, ll7, 150, 163,
X, X.
15,33,42,95,141,163, X. X
15, 21, 33, 42, 45, 95, 117, 141, 150,
163, X, X, X, X.
15
34, 135, 175
7, 837, 946
404, 109
519, 773
965, 998
7, 888, 651
.015
.123
19. 521
Pyridine do
15, 113
Refined tar. bbls..
Solvent naphtha galls..
15, 21, 33, 45, 95, 117, 150, 163, X,
X, X, X.
15, 42, 150, X.-.
843,511
397,055
5,119,316
97, 176
6.069
.245
Toluene do
15
Xylene do
15
The instructions sent to manufacturers were as follows: Include under dead or creosote oil only products
which may be used for creosoting. Include under "other distillates" shingle stain oils, disinfectant oils,
and flotation oils which do not contain over 5 per cent of phenol. Include under refined tars those tars
which are used for road treatment, saturating felt, and for protective coatings. Phenol and all distillates
which, on being subjected to distillation, yield in the portion distilling below 100° C. a Quantity of tar acids
equal to or more than 5 per cent of the original distillate, or which, on being subjected to distillation, yield
in the portion distilling below 215' C. a quantity of tar acids equal to or more than 75 per cent of the original
distillate are not to be included here but are to be placed under intermediates.
20
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 8. — -Total commercial production of benzene, toluene, solvent yiaphtha, and
naphthalene from all sources in the United States, 1918-1925
[Data for coke ovens and gas works from reports to United States Geological Survey and Bureau of Mines;
for tar refineries and others to United States Tariff Commission]
By-product
coke plants
(sales) 1
Gas works
(sales) 1
Tar refiner-
ies and all
other estab-
lishments
(produc-
tion)
Total com-
mercial pro-
duction -
Benzene (all grades except motor benzoic :
Gallons—
1918
43,441,980
3 63,077,463
17,2.30,770
6, 839, 021
12.256,348
16,724,182
6 17, 740, 608
' 22, 020, 000
$11,966,367
3 11,643,645
4. 497, 823
1.611,721
3.435,381
3, 839, 237
0 3, 736, 656
'4,938,000
2,177,168
(')
(0
(*)
(')
(0
(<)
$572, 9,50
(<)
(')
(<)
(')
{')
i*)
(*)
3.015.848
1.826,373
875. 561
2.171,631
5 774. 940
394.906
629, 934
741.576
$994,161
560, 547
287, 586
463. 205
' 215, 136
118,505
155,973
171,005
48 634 9%
1919
3 65,403,836
1920
18,141,337
1921
9, 045, 642
1922
13,071,288
1923
17,154,088
1924
18,417,542
1925
22,811.576
Value —
19)8
1919,..
1920
$13, 533. 47,S
12, 296, 192
4, 794, 409
1921
2, 082. 926
1922...
3. 664, 517
1923
3, 968, 742
1924.
3,901,629
1925_
5,120,005
Motor benzol :
Gallons—
1918
1919 (included under benzene above) . ..
(')
(')
(«)
(11)
(11)
ni)
(11)
(*)
1920
1921
19?2
1923
9 55, 764, 265
.50, 022, ,573
54,930,203
80, 480, 326
6 72,921.244
'79,983,000
467, 126
1" 350, 000
(11)
(*)
(0
(*)
55,622,482
83, 664, 846
1924.
76, 072, 771
1925.
83,8)4,223
Value—
1918
1919 (included under benzene above)
C)
(»)
(*)
(")
(11)
(11)
(11)
1,596.3.53
510, 957
(12)
(12)
(12)
(12)
(12)
(12)
$8,044.s<90
2:55, 321
(12)
(12)
(12)
(12)
(12)
(12)
(')
1920
'$12,644,931
8. 966. 686
10,491,309
13, 145. Ki'i
6 11,066,652
'13,231.000
8.541,366
1,. 353, 827
2. 470, 364
835, 493
1,910,060
2, 634. 783
03, 231., 502
' 5, 102, 000
$12, 249, 702
355, 990
740, 722
233,378
,557.015
.766.030
6 769. 682
' 1, 323, 000
$112,849
1070,000
(")
(0
(<)
('}
3,965,518
(0
10 2, 000
i« 1,000
(12)
10 2. 000
10 2, 000
10 2, 000
$5, 597. 353
(')
10300
10 270
(12)
10570
10500
10500
i")
1921:.. . .
(*)
1922
$10, 657, 074
1923
13,851.704
1924
11,678,665
1925
14, 060, 324
Toluene, all grades:
Oallons—
1918
14, 103, 237
1919
1, 884. 784
1920
(12)
1921
(12)
1922
(12)
1923 .. .
(12)
1924 . ..
(12)
1925
(12)
Value—
1918..
$20,891,945
1919
596,511
1920.
(12)
1921
(12)
1922
(12)
1923...
(12)
1924
(12)
1925
('«)
I Sales instead of production are here given to avoid double counting between production of crude and
pure grades, and because such of the product as used in the coke plant or gas works is not available for
commercial use.
3 Totals include estimates for firms not reporting, or actual figures for Items that can not be shown sepa-
rately without disclosing individual returns.
3 Includes motor benzol and 13,000 sallons of gasoline used in blending.
* Reports incomplete. Esi imat e includt^d in total.
' Revised figure, tn eliminate duplication through certain plants reporting both to the 'I'arill (l^ommis-
sion and to the Geological Survey.
6 Final figures, revised since la.st report.
' Subject to revision.
* Data not collected from tar refiners i)rior to 1922.
' Includes 1,333,000 gallons of gasoline used in blending.
10 Estimate.
II Included in total, but can not be show n separately without disclosing individual returns.
12 A certain quantity of toluene was produced at gas works and at tar refineries, but the figures can not
be given without disclosing individual returns.
COAL-TAR CRUDES
21
Table 8. — Total commercial production of benzene, toluene, solvent naphtha, and
naphthalene from all sources in the United States, 1918-1925— Continued
By-product
coke plants
(sales)
Solvent naphtha, crude and refined, including
xylene:
(lallons—
1918
1919
1920 -
1921
1922
1923.. _ - -_
1924.
1925
Value—
1918
1919 ...J...
1920
1921.
1922
1923
1924
1925 i
Naphthalene, all grades: !
Pounds— I
1918 I
1919 1
1920
1921 I
1922 _- I
1923
1924
1925
Value —
1918
1919...
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924.. _
1925
13 3,284,037
» 3, 649, 066
4, 695, 464
2,881,656
2, 861, 482
3, 399, 904
3, 884, 585
M, 010, 000
13 $458, 689
1 '557,416
851,048
510, 509
538, 512
608, 084
724, 874
• 769, 000
15,890,447
6, 702. 040
14, 448, 702
1,983,523
4, 887, 935
11,245,033
8, 219, 073
'9,403,000
$050, 229
191, 364
487, 974
.59, 335
131,252
239, 709
128, 208
7 91,400
Gas works
(sales)
1,442,267
(*)
{*)
(")
(')
(')
0)
$191,475
(*)
W
(")
(*)
w
(')
896, 080
w
1, 760, 293
(')
(')
16 1, 452, 463
{*)
0)
Tar refiner-
ies and all
other estab-
lishments
(produc-
tion)
1* 965. 458
CO
(")
(")
(') (")
(»)
812, 378
530, 833
It $232,003
0')
(")
(11)
C) (>')
(")
153,941
148, 801
40, 138, 092
12,612,203
26,393,411
16, 949, 464
19, 323. 393
41,453,002
34, 683, 803
34, 135, 175
$14,282
$1,281,440
(')
327, 201
63, 449
791,403
(*)
380, 167
{')
352, 957
« 45, 981
652, 148
(')
441,333
w
519, 773
I Total eom-
I mercial pro-
! duction
5, 691, 762
4, 128, 747
5, 384, 560
3, 027, 4S8
3, 680, 811
4,041,497
4, 781, 963
4, 631, 833
$882, 167
672, ( 85
994, 205
644, £48
773, S36
800,(98
896, 815
935, 801
56, 924, 619
20,114,243
42, 602, 466
19, 432, i 87
25,411,328
54, 151, C98
44, 102, 876
44, 738, 175
$1.94,5,951
542, 565
1,342,826
402, 502
53f-, 209
937, 838
602, 541
626, 173
* Reports incomplete. Estimate included in total.
« Revised figure, to eliminate duplication through certain plants reporting both to the Tariff Commis-
sion and to the (Jeological Survey.
7 Subject to revision.
11 Included in total, but can not be shown sepa'-ately without disclosing individual returns.
13 Includes 52,847 gallons of xvlene, valued at $9,937, and 107,375 gallons of crude heavy solvent, valued
at $8,7f,9.
" Includes 192,909 gallons of xylene, valued at $67,935.
i« Includes 23,088 gallons of xylene, valued at $4,563.
18 Census of Manufactures, 1923.
Coal-Tar Intermediates
DESCRIPTION
Intermediates do not occur as such in coal tar, but are made from
the crudes (benzene, toluene, naphthalene, and anthracene) by-
chemical treatment with sulphuric acid, nitric acid, alkalies, chlorine,
or other chemicals. From fewer than 10 coal-tar crudes, 200 to 300
intermediates are prepared for use in the production of hundreds of
dyes. The various chemical stages in the conversion of crudes to
intermediates are (1) nitration, (2) reduction, (3) sulphonation, (4)
caustic fusion, (5) chlorination, (6) alkylation, (7) liming, (8) conden-
sation, (9) carboxylation, (10) oxidation, and (11) diazotization.
Intermediates are in turn the raw materials which are converted
by complex chemical processes into dyes, medicinals, perfumes,
22
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
flavors, photographic chemicals, synthetic resins, and tanning ma-
terials. They are also used as accelerators in the vulcanization of
rubber, as camphor substitutes, insecticides, germicides, fungicides,
in the flotation process for concentrating ores and for other uses.
Certain intermediates are used in the direct production of dyes on
the fiber and also for increasing the fastness of dyes on the fiber.
When used for the latter purpose they are known as "developers."
After purification many intermediates are used directly as drugs, per-
fumes, and flavors.
The relation between the heavy chemical industry and the inter-
mediate and dye industry is an intimate one, as the latter industry
is an important consumer of heavy chemicals and other products.
The manufacture of intermediates and dyes requires large quantities
of acids, alkalies, and other heavy chemicals, such as sodium nitrite
and sulphide, salt, chlorine, bromine, sulphur, and in addition non-
coal-tar organic compounds, such as methanol, formaldehyde, and
acetic anhydride.
The coal-tar chemical industry plays a conspicuous part in the
industrial life of the Nation, (1) as consumer of raw materials in the
chemical industry, (2) as a producer of essential products for textile,
leather, paper, and paint factories, and as a producer of medicinals,
synthetic tanning materials, and a wide variety of other products.
PRODUCTION
The production of intermediates is given in Table 11 (p. 27), in
as great detail as is possible without disclosing the output of indi-
vidual manufacturers. The total production in 1925 was 210,699,779
pounds, as compared with 186,596,562 pounds in 1924. Sales in
1925 amounted to 86,066,651 pounds, valued at $19,756,200, or a
unit value of 23 cents per pound as compared with 24 cents in the
previous year.
Among the intermediates showing a marked increase in produc-
tion in 1925 were those normally consumed in large quantity in dye
manufacture, anthraquinone derivatives used in vat and alizarin
specialty dyes, synthetic phenol, and rubber accelerators. Notable
progress was made in the output of specialty intermediates required
for a variety of fast and specialty dyes.
Large production of synthetic phenol. — The combined production
of natural and synthetic phenol by seven firms in 1925 was 14,734,065
pounds, a 40 per cent increase over 1924. More than three-fourths
of this production was synthetic phenol. Sales in 1925 totaled
8,524,178 pounds, valued ' at $1,771,332. Table 9 shows produc-
tion and sales figures from 1917 to 1925, inclusive:
Table 9. — Production and sales of phenol in the United States, 1917-1925
Year
Production,
pounds
Sales
Unit
Pounds ( Value
value
1917
64,146,499
106,794,277
1, 543, 659
..J 1 $2:3, 715, 805
$0.37
1918
. J 137,270,284
.35
1919.
1 155,624
.10
1920
1921
292,645 1 41,617
1,266,552 268,311
2,180,244 589,822
8,273,598 2,505,533
8,524,178 1 1,771,332
.14
1922 ,
1,285.978
3,310,911
10,521,944
14, 734, 065
.21
1923 ...
.27
1924
.30
1925
.21
> Values for 1917-1919 are for production.
COAL-TAE INTERMEDIATES 23
Phenol is used chiefly in the manufacture of synthetic phenolic
resins for automotive insulation material, molded plastics, and
radio parts. It is also used in the preparation of other intermediates
and for dyes and pharmaceuticals. Natural phenol is derived from
coal-tar by extraction and purification; synthetic phenol is now
made by treating benzene with sulphuric acid and converting the
resulting benzene sulfonate into phenol by fusion with caustic soda.
Prior to the war the domestic production of phenol was from tar;
war demands soon led to the manufacture of synthetic phenol for
explosives on an enormous scale. In the peak year, 1918, produc-
tion exceeded 106,000,000 pounds. Following the signing of the
armistice, the Government stocks of "carry over" phenol amounted
to approximately 35,000,000 pounds, which was believed to be
sufficient for a four-year supply. This estimate, based upon the
normal pre-war consumption of about 9,000,000 pounds per year,
proved altogether too low, owing to the unanticipated demand for
phenol in the preparation of synthetic phenolic resins. Stocks were
soon exhausted and there ensued a shortage which had to be sup-
plied by imports, the domestic industry not being in a position to
expand immediately by reason of having scrapped plants constructed
during the war. (The present consumption of phenol is estimated
at 12,000,000 pounds per year.)
Under the protection afforded phenol by the act of 1922 (40 per
cent ad valorem and 7 cents per pound) there has been a large in-
crease in the output of both the natural and synthetic phenol. In
1923 one of the phenolic resin manufacturers constructed a phenol
plant and since that year other synthetic plants have commenced
production. Although of higher manufacturing cost, synthetic
phenol has been a factor of increasing importance in supplying our
growing consumption. A new synthetic method of recent develop-
ment holds promise of a reduced production cost. With continuous
operation on a large scale and lower costs, it is possible that the
synthetic product may eventually undersell the natural.
Domestic tar, more than one-half of which is now consumed as
fuel, offers a possible supply of phenol in ample quantities for our
needs. Stripping off the tar acids reduces only slightly the fuel
value of the tar.
Aniline and its derivatives. — Of the finished intermediates, aniline
ranks first in quantity and is second in value only to phenol. It is
used in the preparation of dyes of almost every class, whether the
classification be based on the method of application or on the
chemical constitution of the dye. Indigo, Direct black E. W, and
Acid black lOB — three of the domestic dyes produced in largest
quantities — require aniline in their manufacture. Indigo was made
on a larger scale than ever before in 1925 and was the leading dye ex-
ported from the United States. Not only dyes, but rubber accelera-
tors, medicinals, and a variety of other products require aniline.
The 1925 production of aniline by seven manufacturers was
24,989,301 pounds — a 12 per cent increase over 1924. Sales totaled
13,320,136 pounds, with a value of $2,140,824. The average sales
price per pound was 16 cents. Aniline hydrochloride, the output of
which was 872,294 pounds, showed only a slight increase over the
previous year.
Dimethylaniline, one of the leading intermediates derived from
aniline, is required in the preparation of such important basic dyes
5919— 26t- 3
24 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
as Methyl violet, Methylene blue B., and Malachite green. Produc-
tion in 1925 was 2,417,625 pounds, as compared with 2,830,798
pounds in 1924. Sales in 1925 amounted to 1,330,113 pounds,
valued at $403,521. The average sales price of 30 cents per pound
was a decline of 4 cents from the previous year.
p-Nitroaniline, another intermediate derived from aniline, is used
in the direct preparation of Para red on the fiber or on cloth and
in making color lakes. Direct green B and G, and Chrome yellow R,
and certain sulphur dyes. Production in 1925 was 1,565,917 pounds,
an increase of over 62 per cent over the previous year.
Cresylic acid. — This intermediate, extracted from tar acids, was
made in much larger quantity in 1925 than in 1924. Production
figures can not be published, however, as one firm manufactured
the total output.
Cresylic acid has extensive use in the manufacture of synthetic
phenolic resins, disinfectants, antiseptics, and germicides. A minor
use is for tricresyl phosphate — a substitute for camphor in making
pyroxylin plastics.
A possible new source of tar acids that is being watched with
interest, particularly by manufacturers of disinfectants, is the low
and medium temperature distillation of coal. This process yields
about five times as great a quantity of tar acids as the high-tem-
perature coking process. The low-temperature tar acids contain
the higher boiling analogues of cresol and are of great germicidal
value. They would probably not, however, serve the phenolic resin
industry, which requires a pure grade of cresylic acid.
Benzoic acid. — The production of benzoic acid, USP, in 1925
was 183,906 pounds, as compared with 148,467 pounds in 1924.
The unit sales price declined from 64 cents in 1924 to 58 cents in
1925. Benzoate of soda, used chiefly as a food preservative, showed
a decline in production of nearly 7 per cent as com^pared with 1924.
Rubher accelerators. — Progress in this group of intermediates used
in the vulcanization of rubber has for several years been notable.
Their total consumption can not be accurately measured, as not all
of them are used exclusively in the rubber trade; certain ones are
consumed in the manufacture of dyes and other products. New
accelerators, possessing technical and other advantages over the
existing products, rapidly find a market and in the course of a year
show a remarkable increase in production; others fall into disuse
and record a decline. Intermediates in this group showing increased
production in 1925 were: diphenylguanidine, with an increase of
16.5 per cent; triphenylguanidiue, with a gain of nearly 15 per
cent; and formanilide with a more than doubled output. Other
products showing increases were ditolylguanidino, ditolylthiourea,
mercapto-benzo-thiazol, heptylidine aniline and ethylidine aniline.
Intermediates for which a decreased production was reported include
thiocarbanilide, with a decline of 30 per cent; anhydroformaldehyde;
and p-toluidine. Statistics of pi'oduction for organic rubber accel-
erators of non-coal-tar origin are given in Table 32, page 144.
Naphthalene intermediates. — Measured quantitively, the principal
intermediate derived from naphthalene is b-naphthol. It is con-
sumed in large quantities in the manufacture of other intermediates,
in dyes, color lakes, and in conjunction with p-nitroaniline in the
direct production of Para red on cotton fiber or cloth. The output
in 1925 was 5,141,903 pounds, as compared with 3,745,690 pounds
COAL-TAK IKTERMEDIATES _ 25
in 1924. Sales in 1925 were 4,194,893 pounds, valued at $849,377,
an average price per pound of 20 cents, which is a decline of 2 cents
from the 1924 figure.
H acid (l-amino-8-naphthol-3:6-disulfonic acid), one of the
principal intermediates consumed in the manufacture of azo dyes,
recorded an output of 2,273,439 pounds — a slight increase over 1924.
The sales price per pound, however, was a decrease of 5 cents per
pound from the previous year.
Phthalic anhj^dride, an intermediate made bj^ the catalytic oxida-
tion of naphthalene, estaldished a new production record in 1925,
with a total by four firms of 3,900,332 pounds. This was an increase
of nearly 40 per cent over 1924. Sales were 3,560,429 pounds, valued
at $701,840 — a unit value of 20 cents per pound, which is a drop
of 4 cents from the 1924 figure. Price recessions have been constant
since 1917, when the average selling price was S4.23 per pound.
Year by year it dropped, until in 1925 it averaged 20 cents per pound.
In 1914, when our entire consumption was imported, the invoice
value of imports was 24 cents per pound; this, hovv-ever, was below
the selling price to the consumer, as it excluded the importer's
profits and certain other charges.
Phthalic anhydride is a key intermediate for dye manufacture in
that it is a basic raw material for anthraquinone required in the
manufacture of many vat dyes, and in alizarin and alizarin deriva-
tives. It is used directly in the preparation of fluoresceins, cosines,
and rhod amine dyes.
Anthraquinone, as already pointed out, is the basis for a large
variety of fast dyes known as the vat and the alizarin colors. When
first produced in the United States, anthraquinone was made by
the old process based on the oxidation of anthracene. The successful
commercialization of phthalic anhydride from naphthalene, together
with the development of synthetic anthraquinone from phthalic
anhydride and benzene, has, however, led to the preparation of
anthraquinone almost entirely by the synthetic process, so what was
for several years after 1919 a problem in supplying an adequate
amount of anthracene has been solved. In other words, the alizarin
and anthraquinone vat dyes, formerly made exclusively from
anthracene, are now made from naphthalene. The manufacture of
refined anthracene in 1925 was only a small fraction of the output
of previous years. The supply of naphthalene is ample, as it con-
stitutes from 5 to 10 per cent of coal tar. Production figures for
anthraquinone in 1925 can not be published.
Closely related to anthraquinone is the intermediate methylanthra-
quinone, made synthetically from toluene, phthalic anhydride, and
aluminum chloride. It is used in the preparation of certain yellow
and orange vat dyes. Production in 1925 showed a large increase.
Special intermediates. — A feature of special significance in the 1925
production of intermediates was the increase recorded in the output
of a large number required in the manufacture of many fast and
specialty dyes. These are used exclusively in the preparation of the
more complex and higher cost- dyes which heretofore have not been
made on a scale sufficient to meet consumption. The trend toward
a greatly enlarged output of such intermediates as derivatives of
anthraquinone, J acid, pyrazolone, and a variety of others used
almost entirely in the preparation of dyes, is a distinct mark of
progress in dye manufacture in the United States.
26
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Naphthol AS (b-hydroxy naphthoic anilide) is used in conjunction
with certain intermediates for the production of a variety of bright,
fast shades on cotton. Many of them compete with the vat dyes.
The 1925 production of naphthol AS was a conspicuous increase over
1924. The average selhng price was a 12 per cent dechne from 1924.
Diphenylamine, used as a stabilizer in the manufacture of smoke-
less powder, recorded a large increase in production in 1925.
Tricresyl phosphate, used as a substitute for camphor in the manu-
facture of pyroxylin plastics, is another intermediate showing a
greatly increased output in 1925.
New intermediates. — Of the 308 intermediates made in 1925, 34
were not manufactured in 1924. Most of the 34 were made for the
first time in 1925. These intermediates are used largely in the
preparation of new dyes; a few of them go into accelerators for the
vulcanization of rubber, medicinals, and certain other finished
coal-tar products. Halowax, a new synthetic wax, was reported
for the first time in 1925.
Table 10 gives the weighted average domestic sales price of a fist
of coal-tar intermediates from 1919 to 1925, together with the invoice
price in 1914. The invoice price is below the cost to the consumer, as
t does not include the profit to the importer and certain other charges,
i Table 1 1 is a detailed record of the production and sales of coal-tar
intermediates in 1925.
Table 12 is an arrangement of intermediates in 10 groups of unit
values and shows the quantity and percentage of the total produc-
tion falling within each group, for the years 1922 to 1925, inclusive.
STATISTICS OF PRODUCTION AND SALES
Table 10. — Domestic sales 'price per pound of coal-tar intermediates, 1919-192-5,^ *
and invoice price of same intermediates imported, 1914
Intermediate
Invoice
p rice
Domestic sales price
1914
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
2 $0. 15
2.23
$0.41
$0.42
1.23
3.10
1.81
.28
1.66
1.15
.10
$0. 23
.95
2.10
1.39
.22
1.59
.85
.08
$0.21
.73
1.72
1.10
.15
1.34
.83
.07
$0.26
.68
1.51
1.13
.16
.95
.80
.07
3.69
.15
.48
.38
.06
.22
.40
.69
.27
1.32
.29
.17
.25
.13
.93
.43
$0.23
.65
1.18
1.11
.16
.95
.74
.06
3.34
.16
.40
.34
.05
.22
1.00
.43
.64
.30
1.27
.24
.17
.23
.13
.86
.39
$0.22
l-Araino-8-naphthol-3:6-disulfonicaeid (11 acid)..
2-Amino-8-naphthol-6-sulfoDicacid (gamma acid).
1.30
p-AminophenoI and hydrochloride
2.16
2.08
2.19
2.313.55
2.09
2.40
3.09
"'."24"
1.86
1.26
.15
4.54
.07
.88
.55
.07
.49
1.83
.62
"".10'
2.43
.99
.24
.35
.50
1.15
.54
1.12
Aniline oil . - - .
.16
Anthraquinone. _ . - .
.72
.06
Dianisidine
p-Dichlorobenzene. .
.09
1.36
.71
.08
.47
1.41
.42
1.17
'".'46'
.36
.41
.29
1.20
.47
.16
.97
.54
.06
.39
1.22
.44
.85
.14
1.70
.39
.24
.42
.25
1.14
.49
.16
"."32"
.06
.24
.96
.39
.68
.21
1.39
.35
.19
.27
.18
.94
.33
. 16
Diethylaniline .
Dimethylaniline - - - _ - -
3.15
3.018
2. 07 3. 09
.30
Naphthalene, solidifying 79° or above (refined,
flake)
.05
b-Naphthol, technical
1-Naphthol-i-siilfonic acid (Nevile & Winther's)
.20
l-Naphthylamine-4-sulfonic acid (naphthionic
acid) .
p-Nitroaniline . -- .
2. 13 3. 14
.06
'. 31 3. 44
2.25
2. 06 3. 16
Phenol.- -
.21
p-Phenylenediamine -.
Phthalic acid and anhydride - -
1.16
.20
Sulfanilic acid __ _. _
.16
.23
o-ToIuidine --
2.09 3.10
2.19
3.12.
.17
m-Tolylenediamine
.81
Xylidinc and salt
1 For the yf^ars 1919 and 1920 the value represents the weighted average of the total production; and for
the years 1920-1925 the weighted average of the total sales. ,
2 Artificial Dyestuffs Used in the United States, Special Agents Series 121, Department of Commerce.
3 Chemicals and Allied Products Used in the United States, Miscellaneous Series No. 82, Department
of Commerce.
* Figures for 1917 and 1918 were published in Census of Dyes and Other Synthetic Organic Chemicals,
1924.
COAL-TAR INTERMEDIATES
27
Table 11. — Production and sales of coal-tar intermediates, 1925
The numbers in the second column refer to the numbered alphabetical list of manufacturers printed on
page 221. An X signifies that the manufacturer did not consent to the publication of his identification
number in connection with the designated product. A blank in the third and fourth columns indicates
that the sales figures can not be published without revealing information in regard to the output of indi-
vidual firms. A blank in the si.xth column indicates that the production of the corresponding product
in the United States can not be published without revealing information in regard to the output of
individual firms. The figures thus concealed are, however, included in the total]
Manufac t u r e r ' s
identification
number (accord-
ing to list on p.
221)
Sales
Intermediate
Quantity
Value
Average
price per
pound
Total
production
Total .
Pounds
86, 066, 651
$19, 756, 200
$0.23
Pounds
210, 699, 779
Acetaldehyde aniline
X.
9, 36, 53, 105, 150
9. 53, 75, 114, 119,
150.
36, 53 ..
56, 457
noacetaiiilide).
Acet vl-p-toluidine
114
b-Amino anthraquinone
26, 53, X
9, 31, 36, 53, 54, 79,
114.
114
108, 668
Aminoazobenzene disulfonic acid
Aminoazobenzene sulfonate, sodium
53 *
salt.
Aminoazotoluene. .-
31, 36, 53, 54, 79,
114, 116, 138.
114
80, 576
Aminoazo.xylene
p-Aminobenzoic acid
53, 149, X
17, 433
Aminobenzoyl J acid
53
m-Aminocresol methyl ether
36, 114
p-Aminodimethylaniline
73
Aminodiphenylamine sulfonic acid
180
l-Amino-2-methylanthraquinone
l-Amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid...
l-Amino-8-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid
X
31, 36, 53, 75, 114,
116, 128.
36, 114, 119
531, 928
49, 863
1- Amino-8-n a p h t h o I-2:4-disulfonic
36, 53, 114, 119
97,997
acid (Chicago acid).
l-Amino-S-n a p h t h o l-3:6-disulfonic
53, 108, 114, 119
2, 273, 439
acid (H acid).
2-Amino-5-naphthol-7-sulfonic acid
36,53,114,116,119,
X.
36, 53, 114, 116, 119.
119 X
212.330
(J -acid).
320, 471
(gamma acid).
2-Amino-8-naphthol-3 : 6-disulf o n i c
acid.
o-Aminophenol
71, 176, 180, X
21, 826
o-Aminopheuol-p-sulfonic acid
p-Aminophenol and hydrochloride. ..
53, 114, 180
10, 53, 58, 71, 176,
180, 185.
119
103, 400
115,301
1.12
177,472
acid (nerol acid).
p-Aminophenyl-p-tolylamine s u 1 -
fonlc acid.
36
8,9,36,53,75, 119.
53
47, 574
Anhydroformaldehyde-p-toluidine. . .
114, X
27, 74, 79
872, 294
Aniline oil
27, 53, 74, 105, HI,
114, 115.
79, 115, 134
13,320,136
2, 140, 824
.10
24,989,301
Aniline sulfate
o-Anisidine
119, 180
114
Anthracene, refined (100 per cent).._
53
52 111
acid).
Anthraquinone (100 per cent)
Anthraquinone-2;l-acridone
17, 53, 91, 114, 119,
166.
X
Anthraquinone-1 :5-dihydroxy (an-
Ihrarufin).
Anthraquinone-1 : 5-disulfonie acid..
Anthraquinone-2-sodium sulfonate
(silver salt).
Benzaldehyde
75 114
53 114
17 53 119
67, 103, 105, 124,
148.
53, 119 ..
214, 637
151, 348
.71
284, 658
Benzidine base and salt
3, 8, 31, 36, 53, 67,
75, 114, X.
257, 078
184.291
.72
1, 182, 338
28 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
TabIjE 11. — -Production and sales of coal-tar intermediates, 1925 — Continued
Manufacturer's
identification
number (accord-
ing to list on p.
221)
Sales
Intermediate
Quantity
Value
Average
price per
pound
Total
production
Benzidine disulfonie acid
Pounds
69 ^ -
Pounds
Benzoate of soda
53. 67, 82, 103, 124,
149, X.
105, 124
865, 173
$434, 602
$0. 50
800, 841
Benzoic acid, tech.- . . .
Benzoic acid, U S P . .
53, 82, 103, 149, X.J 80,039
124
46, 257
.58
183,906
Benzotrichloride .
Benzovlbenzoic acid
91, 114
Benzoyl chloride
16,82,103
Benzyl chloride
105, 124, 148, X
573, 224
Benzylamine.-
115
Broenner's acid (see 2-naphthyla-
mine-6-sulfonic acid) .
Carbazole, refined (100 per cent)
53
Chloroacetophenone
58
1
p-Chloro-o-aminophenol-
180
1
Chloramine T, tech . . .
X
j
o-Chloroauilirie sulfonic acid . . . .
180
1
p-Chloroaniline sulfonic acid . . .
180
1
o-Chlorobenzaldehyde
114
Chlorohenzanth rone
53
•
Chlorobenzene (mono)
52,82,111,148
114
5, 903, 120
322, 394
.06
8,687,989
o-Chlorometauilic acid
p-Chlorometanilic acid
116
6 - Chloro - 4 - mcthoxy - 3 - hydroxy
X
thionaphthalene
Chromotropic aci d (see 1 :8 d ihydroxy
naphthalene-3:6-disulfonic acid).
Chloro-p-nitroaniline _
151, X
53 ....
acid.
C hloro-m-phenylenediamine
116
Chloropyrazoloce-p-sulfonic acid
53
o-Chlorotoluene .
114
2-Chloro-5-toluidine-4-sulfonic acid
8, 53, 104, 150, 153
15
Cresotinic acid ...... .. .
81
Cresvlic acid, refined (distillates
15
yielding below 215° C. tar adds
equal to more than 75 per cent of
the original distillate.)
Cumidinc . ...
114, X
Dehvdrothio-p-toluidine, base.
119
Dehydrothio-p-toluidine sulfonic
36, 59, 69, 119 .
U'J
50, 145
acid.
Dehydrothio-m-xylidine
Diaminochlorobenzene -p-sulfonic
116
acid
Diaminodimethyl acridine
134
Diaminostilbene disulfonie acid
53, 59, 114, 119
135, 581
Dianisidine . . .
36,53,114,119
74, 154
l-Diazo-2-naphthol-4-sulfomc acid
31,36,114,116,128..
124, 892
Diazo salicylic acid
114
Dibenzanthrone
119
Dibenzylaniline
63
Dichloroaniline
36, 176, 180, X . .
Dichloroaniline sulfonic acid . . . .
116, 134
o-Dichlorobenzene
Ill
p-Dichlorobenzcne
52, 53, 82, 111, 119,
120, 148.
134
1, 992, 253
325, 887
.16
1, 988, 733
Dichlorophenvlhydrazine sulfonic
acid.
48
Dichlorosulfophenj'lpv; azolone
3C, 116
Dichlorosulfophenylmethylpyrazo-
lone.
Diolhvlamine
134
1, 125, 184
125
Dipthy)-m-aniinophenol
48, 53 .
Diethylaniline
184
53
Diethyl-o-toluidino
184
Diforrayl-m-to!ylenediamine
36, X
X
acid.
5:5-Dihvdroxv-7:7-disu!fonic-2:2-di-
53
naphthylamine (Rhoduline acid).
COAL-TAR INTERMEDIATES 29
Table 11. — Production and sales of coal-tar intermediates, 1925 — Continued
.
Manufact u r e r ' s
identification
number (accord-
ing to list on p.
221)
Sales
•
Intermediate
Quantity
Value
Average
price per
pound
Total
production
5;5-Dihydroxy-7:7-disulforiic-2:2-di-
naphthyl urea (J acid urea).
l:5-Dihydroxynaphthalene
1 :8 - Dihydroxynaplithalene - 3:6 - di-
siilfonic acid (chromotropic acid).
Dimethvlaniline -
53, 114, 119
Pounds
Pounds
53, 75
108,114,119
9, 27, 53, 74, 114....
53
1. .330, 113
$403, 521
$0.30
2, 417, 625
Dimethylphenazine (tolaziue)
Dimethyl phenylbenzylammonium
disulfonic acid, calcium salt (Leu-
kotrope W).
2:2 - Dinaphthylamino - 5:5 - dihy-
droxy-7:7-disulfonic acid (I acid
Imid).
114
X
114
75
9, 53, 104
■"
114
Dinitrobenzene . . . .
27, 53, 114 .
1, 606, 518
Diiiitrochlorobenzene ..
53, 75, 91, 114, X...
36, 75
893, 264
124, 689
.14
7, 145, 798
Dinitrohydrosydiphenylamine
17, 119
Dinitrophenol and sodium salt
53, 75, 91, X
33, 380
53
p-Dinitrostilbene disulfonic acid
36, 69
53, 54, 70, 74, 79,
114, X.
36
53
Diphenylguanidine ._- .
51, 53, 114, 143, X..
114
i, 201, 827
1.129.482
.94
1, 204, 780
114
1
115
o-Ditolylguanidine
53
114
53, 73
6-Ethoxy-3-hydroxy thionaphtha-
lene.
X
X
53
Ethylaniline (mono)
34, 53, 114, 184
93, 746
Ethylbenzylaniline_-
34,53, 114, 184
34, 36, 114
69, 691
71,884
1.03
188, 526
Ethylbenzylaniline disulfonic acid...
48, 53
184
53
E thyl-o-toluidine-p-sulfonic acid
53
115, 143
79
Formaldehyde- p-aminoaniline
Formanilide (anhydroformaldehyde
aniline).
73
53, 143, 150, X
114
112, 275
40, 325
.36
187, 678
Gamma acid. (See 2-animo-8-naph-
thol-6-sulfonic acid.)
36
n acid. (See l-amino-8-naphthol-
3 : 6-disulfonic acid.)
X
115
X
36, 53
b-IIydroxy naphthoic anilide (naph-
thol AS).
p-Hydroxy phenyl arsonic acid and
sodium salt.
m- tlydroxyphenyl-o-toluidine
53 114
102
X
39
8
J acid. (See 2-amino-5-naphthol-
7-sulfonic acid.)
Laurent's acid. (See 1-naphthyla-
mine-5-sulfonic acid.)
115 .
114
114 - .
Mercapto-benzo-thiazol
X
30 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 11. — Production and sales of coal-tar intermediates, 1925 — Continued
•
Manufact u r e r ' s
identification
number (accord-
ing to list on p.
221)
Sales
Intermediate
Quantity
Value
Average
price per
pound
Total
production
36, 53, 75, 79, 114,
116.
X
Pounds
Pounds
430, 042
Methoxy amino azo benzene sulfo-
nate, sodium salt.
Methyl-a-aminoanthraquinone
Methyl aniline sulfonic acid
75
69
b-Methyl anthracjuinone
91
53
X
Methylhydroxynitrobenzoate
X
Michler's hydrol. (See tetramethyl-
dianinobenzhydrol.)
Michler's ketone. (See tetramethyl-
diaminobenzDphenone.)
Naphthalene, solidifying 79° C. or
above (refined, flake).
1 : 5-Naphthalene disulfonic acid
2 : 7-Naphthalene disulfonic acid
Naphtho-1 : 8-sultam-2 : 4-disulfonic
acid.
a-Naphthol - .. -
15, 27, 119, 181
17, 580, 683
53, 114, 119. ..
53, 150
53
9,31,36,53,79,114,
165, X.
27,36,79, 150
3, 31, 36, 53, 114,
119.
36,53,108,114, 116,
119.
119
14, 430
4, 194, 893
$9, 352
849, 377
$0.65
.20
187, 458
b-Naphthol, tech
5,141,903
l-Naphthol-4-sulfonic acid (Nevile &
Winther's acid).
208, 441
72,950
l-Naphthol-3 : 8-disulfonic acid
l-Naphthol-8-chloro-3 : 6-disuIfonic
acid (chloro H acid),
l-Naphthol-3 : 6 : 8-trisulfonic acid...
114
31, 114, 119
53. -.
2-Naphthol-6-sulfonic acid (Schaef-
fer's acid).
8, 31, 36, 53, 54, 75,
114, 150.
36, 53, 150 .
77, 957
25,425
42, 912
1.69
36, X
2-Naphthol-3 : 6-disulfonic acid
2-Naphthol-6 : 8-disulfonic acid
3, 27, 31, 36, 53, 75,
114,119,150,151,
178, X.
31, 36, 53, 79, 114...
15, 119
117,586
84, 106
51,242
37, 448
.44
.45
510, 082
326, 275
b-Naphthylamine . . ..
36. 53, 114 -
562, 631
l-Naphthylaminc-4-sulfonic acid
9, 31, 36, 79, 114,
119, X.
31, 53, 75, 114, 116,
119, X.
X
1, 180, 218
(naphthionic acid).
l-Naphthylamine-5-sulfonic acid
(Laurent's acid).
l-Naphthylamine-6-sulfonic acid
l-Naphthylamine-6 and 7-sulfonic
acid.
l-Naphthylamine-8-sulfonic acid
l-Naphthylamine-3:6-disulfonic acid.
l-Naphthylamine-S:8-disulfonic acid.
l-Naphthylamine-4:8-disulfonic acid.
l-Naphthylamine-3:6:8-trisulfonic
acid.
2-Naphthylamino-l-sulfonic acid
2-Naphthvlamine - 6 - sulfonic acid
123,515
36, .53, 114, 119.
175, 131
53, 75, 114, 116, X .
277, 367
75
36 53 119
36 h?i 114, 119
214, 392
53, 108, 114, 119
2, 746, 183
8,36, 53, 56, 150, X.
8 36, 53, 114
197, 197
164,060
.83
296, 857
32, 535
(Broenner's acid).
2-Naphthylamine4:8-disulfonic acid.
2-Naphthylaminp-5:7-disulfonic acid.
2-Naphthylamine-6:8-disulfonic acid.
2-Naphthylamine-3 : 6 : 8-trisulfonic
36 53, 119
31,582
36,53,114, 116, 119-
31,36, .53, 114, 116,
119.
X
357,949
610,087
acid.
Nevile & Winther's acid. (See 1-
Naphthol-4-sulfonic acid.)
36 150
54, 75, 116
p-Nitro-o-aminophenol
m-Nitroaniline .
36
9 53 176
9, 69, 150, X
1,565,917
o-Nitroaniline-p-sulfonic acid
180
p-Nitroaniline-o-sulfonic acid
8, 36, 53, 75, 150, 180
36, .53, 111, 119, X.
53
8,649
7,405
.86
25,472
225, 104
m-Nitrobenzaldehyde ..-
114
COAL-TAR INTERMEDIATES 31
Table 11. — Production and sales of coal-tar intermediates, 1925 — Continued
Manufact u r e r ' s
identificat i on
number (accord-
ing to list on p.
221)
Sales
Intermediate
Quantity
Value
Average
price per
pound
Total
production
Nitrobenzene (oil of mirbane)
Nitrobenzene sulfonic acid
27,74,114,115,119.
69
Pounds
2, 898, 024
$268, 264
$0.09
Po unds
31,264,543
Nitrohenzene-ni-sulfonic acid . .
53
p-Nitrobenzoic acid, sodium salt
1, 53, 149
o-Nitrochlorohenzene_
53. Ill
o-Nitrochloro benzene sulfonic acid-.
114
p-Nitrochlorobcnzene
.•^3, 69, 111, 114
p-Nitrochlorobenzene-o-sulfonic acid .
36, 53
m-Nitro-p-oresol
36
8-Nitro-I-dirtzo-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic
30,75
acid.
p-Nitrodichlorobenzene --
180
3-Nitro4-livdroxyphenyl arsenic acid
102, X
Nitrouaphthalene -
15, 119
o-Nitrophenol
176, 180, X
p-Nitrophenol ---
53, 111, 176
Nitrosobetanaphthol
128
Nitrosodimethylaniline. - - --
27, 39, 75, 91, 114,
119, 185.
114
120,669
p-Nitrosodimethylaniline
17, 53, 58, X, X
117 558
10, 36
Nitrosulfoanthraufin -
114
Nitrotoluene
53, 54, 79, 114, 119,
X.
74, 119
5,574,193
m-Nitrotoluene
o-Nitrotoluene
53, 70, 74, 114, 119,
X.
53,70,74, 114, 119,
X.
X
3, 336, 648
1, 748, 991
p-Nitrotoluene
81.423
26,477
.33
p-Nitrotoluene-o-sulfonic acid
36, 53, 70, 114, 116,
119,180.
36, 53, 150, X
36, 53
684,486
259,749
m-Nitro-p-toluidine .
229, 232
421, 753
1.84
p-Nitro-o-toluidinc
Nitroxylene
53,119
Oxalylarsanilic acid
X
.
Oxalyl-m-phenylenediamine
53...
Oxalyl-p-phenylenediamine - . _
,53
Phenazinc
,30
Phenol
15, 52, 53, 111, 132,
155, X.
53, 114
8, 524, 178
1,771,332
.21
14,734,065
Phenyl-2-amino-5-naphthol-7-sul-
fonic acid (phenyl J acid).
Phenyl-2-amino-8-naphthol-6-sul-
53
lonic acid (phenyl gamma acid).
Phenyl-a-naphthy lamine .-
53.
Phcnyl-l-naphthvlamine-8-sulfonic
53, 75, 114, 116, X-.
116
227, 052
acid.
Phenyl pyrazolone
m-Pheny!enediamine
9,27,31,30,53,75,
79, 114, 116, 119,
128, 176.
36
14, 100
12,443
.88
780,074
m-Phenylenediamine sulfonic acid...
p-Phenylenediamine
71, 100, 150, X
52, 53, 114
317, 272
369, 375
1.16
360,381
Phenylslycine, sodium salt.
Phenylhydrazine - . .
69,134,162
Phenylhydrazine-p-sulfonie acid
27, 53, 114, 134
140,396
Phenylmethylpvrazolone
69, 134
Phenylmethylpyrazolone sulfonic
134
acid.
Phenylmethylpyrazolone-p-sulfonic
53
acid
Phthalic acid and anhydride... . .
53, 111, 114, 147....
27, 53, 114
3,560,429
701.840
.20
3,900,332
Picramic acid
Primuline, base
30, 114, 119, 131....
Quinaldine
Quinazarin
Resorcinol, tech
Resorcinol, U S P
Rosaniline...
114
9, X
132, X
48, 132, X
45, 952
79
Salicvlic acid, tech..
52,81, 107 *....
2, 563, 102
Salicylic acid, U S P
,52,81,107, 111
27, 31, 36, .53. 79,
99, 114, 134, 170.
X
1,222,913
169, 149
375, 404
26, 981
.31
.16
2, 510, 876
SulfaniJic acid... .
1,407,470
Sulfoaminobenzoic acid
5919—261-
32 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 11. — Production and sales of coal-tar intermediates, 1926 — Continued
Manufact u r e r ' s
identification
number (accord-
ing to list on p.
221)
Sales
Intermediate
Quantity
Value
Average
price per
pound
Total
production
o-Sulfo-benzoio acid
84
Pounds
Pounds
o-Sulfo-benzoic acid, ammonium salt.
84
o-Sulio-benzoic acid, chloride ..
84
p-Su!fodichlorophenylmethylpyraz o -
X
1
lone.
Sul fo-phenvl-pyrazoione
116
Tetraaminoditolvlmethane
53,134.....
:::::::::::::::::: ':
Tetrachlorofluorescin
79.
Tetrachlorophthalic anhydride
48.
Tetramethyldiaminobenzhydrol
53
(Michler's hydrol).
Tetramethyldiaminobenzophenone
53
(Michler's ketone).
Tetramethyldiaminodiphonylmeth-
53, 75, 97, 114, X...
499, 430
ane.
Thiocarbanilide.-
53, 73, 114, 115, X..
36, 53, 114, 119
1,898,996
$438, 230
$0.23
2,352,006
132, 988
Tolidine and salts
o-Toluene Sulfamide
X
p-To!uene sulfamide_.
X
p-Toluene sulfochloride.
Ill
p-Tolucnesulfonyl ethyl ester
114
Toluidine.-
74, 114
m-Toluidine
53.
o-Toluidine
36, 53, 70, 74, 114,
119, X.
S3, 70, 74, 114, 119,
X.
53 . . .
785,616
220, 227
135, 511
125, 810
.17
.57
2.031,899
p-Toluidine
941,927
p-Toluidine-m-sulfonic acid
O-Toluidine sulfonic acid_
63,79,114
82,658
p-Toliiidine-o-sulfonic acid
9,36, 116
Tolyl-l-naphthylamine-8-sulfonlc
114, X
!
acid (tolyl-peri acid).
m-Tolylenediamine .. .
8, 9, 31, 36, 53, 54,
75, 79, 114, 119.
64
180, 717
145, 809
.81
770, 265
p-Tolylenediamine
m-Tolvlenediamine sulfonic acid
114
1
Tricresylphosphate
30
1
Triphenvlfiuanidine...
53,114,115,143, X.
53,114, 119_
390, 596
254, 898
.65 494,136
Xylidine and salt.
Zinc dithiobenzoate
115
1
Table 12. — Production of inter mediates, by groups, according to unit values,
1922-1925
1922
1923
1924
1925
Group
Pounds
Per cent
of total
Pounds
Per cent
of total
Pounds
Per cent
of total
Pounds
Per cent
of total
0-15 cents
94, 688, 278
57. 372
104, 419, 268
45. 127
88, 160, 641
47. 247
89, 886, 885
42. 566
16-25 cents...
26, 233, 604
15. 894
50, 233, 638
21. 709
37, 359, 904
20. 022
62, 801, 070
29.806
26-50 cents...
24, 399, 085
14. 783
42, 656, 640
18. 391
37, 179, 993
19. 925
32,081,452
15. 226
51-75 cents...
8, 289, 387
5.022
16, 486, 159
7.125
10, 588, 270
6. 674
13, 442, 218
6.380
$0.76-$l
5, 918, 904
3.586
9,604,153
4.176
6, 246, 565
3.348
5,787,165
2.747
$1.01-$1.60....
3,957,355
2.398
5, 587, 436
2.415
4,112,686
2.204
3, 632, 570
1.724
$1.51-$2
568, 339
.344
914, 837
.395
968, 676
.519
1,614,041
.766
$2.01-$3
721,637
.437
951, 521
.411
1, 407, 047
.754
994, 224
.472
$3.01-$4
197, 071
.119
136, 302
.059
303,938
.163
111,432
.053
Over $4
74, 495
.045
443, 927
.192
268,943
.144
548, 722
.260
Total..
165,048,155
100
231, 393, 871
100
186,596,562
100
210, 699, 779
100
census of dyes and other synthetic chemicals 33
Dyes and Other Finished Coal-tar Products
introduction
Finished coal-tar products may be divided into eight classes:
(1) Dyes, (2) color lakes, (3) photographic chemicals (developers),
(4) medicinals, (5) flavors, (6) perfume materials, (7) synthetic
phenolic resins, (8) synthetic tanning materials. In previous reports
the Tariff Commission has emphasized the close relationship exist-
ing between the manufacture of explosives, poisonous gases, and
dyes. The dye industry is now considered a key industry by the
industrial nations of the world. Closely connected also with dyes
is the manufacture of flavors, perfume materials, photographic
chemicals, medicinals, and other coal-tar products, which, although
produced in smaller quantities, use as raw materials many of the
.by-products obtained in the manufacture of coal-tar dyes.
The total production of dyes and other finished coal-tar products
in 1925 by 151 firms was 120,554,228 pounds, as compared with
97,730,211 pounds by 153 firms in 1924. Sales in 1925 amounted
to 112,671,779 pounds, valued at $60,811,400, an increase over the
previous year, when they totaled 93,636,109 pounds, with a value
of $55,932,580.
Table 24 (p. 60) shows the 1925 production of dyes and other
finished products in as great detail as is possible without revealing
the output of individual manufacturers.
SUMMARY OF PRODUCTION OF DYES
Increase in Production
The output of dyes in 1925 by 75 firms was 86,345,438 pounds —
nearly a 25 per cent increase over 1924. Sales totaled 79,803,451
pounds, valued at $37,468,332, as compared with 64,961,433 pounds,
valued at $35,012,400 for 1924. The increased production is due
in large part to improvements in the export demand, especially for
indigo and sulphur black. In fact, the increased output of these
two dyes accounts for about 80 per cent of the total increase in
all dj^es.
The outstanding features for the year were (1) continued price
recessions resulting largely from severe competition among domestic
manufacturers; (2) conspicuous progress in the manufacture of fast
and specialty dyes; (3) competition from foreign dyes as shown by
increased imports (a 72 per cent increase by quantity and 59 per
cent by value), more particularly the higher cost types since the
tariff reduction of 15 per cent on September 21, 1924; (4) increased
dye exports amounting to 61 per cent by quantity and 19 per cent
by value over 1924; (5) reduction in number of manufacturers.
Table 13 shows the quantity of coal-tar dyes produced in the United
States in 1914 and in postwar years, and the quantity and value of
sales in those years.
34 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 13. — Domestic jiroduction and sales of coal-tar dyes, 1914 and 1917-1925
Production
Sales
Pounds
Value
1925
Pound*
86, 345, 438
68, 679, 000
93, 667, 524
64, 632, 187
39,008,690
88, 263, 776
63, 402, 194
58, 464, 446
45, 977, 246
6, 619, 729
79,303,451
64, 961, 433
86, 567, 446
69, 107, 105
47, 513, 762
$37, 468, 332
1924 .
35, 012, 400
1923 -
47, 223, 161
1922 .. . .
41, 463, 790
1921
39, 283, 956
1920 .
1 95, 613, 749
1919
1 07, 598, 855
1918..
1 62, 026, 390
1917
1 57, 796, 228
1914
1 2, 470, 096
' Value of production.
Stocks on hand. — The Tariff Commission published for the first
time in 1924 data concerning the stocks of dyes on hand. Table
14 gives current data of the same kind for a greatly expanded list
of colors — for 36 in 1925 as compared with 13 in 1924.
Table. 14. — Stocks of domestic dyes on hand January 1, 1925 and 1926
Color index
No.
Schultz
No
Name of dye
Jan. 1, 1925
Jan. 1, 1926
20.
31.
79-
138
151.
179.
189.
202
208
246.
288.
326
332.
365.
401
406
448
518.
520.
581.
582.
593.
596.
620.
640.
680.
737.
812.
814.
865.
33
42
82
134
145
163
173
181
188
217
257
279
284
304
333
337
363
424
426
462
463
474
476
9
23
515
566
616
617
700
Total, all dyes.
Chrysoidine Y
Amido naphthol red Q...
Ponceau 2R
Metanil yellow
Orange II.
Azo rubine
Lake red R
Chrome blue black U
Fast acid blue R...
Acid black lOB..
Fast cyanine 5R
Direct fast scarlet..
Bismarck brown 2R
Chrysophenine Q.
Developed black BHN...
Direct blue 2 B
Benzopurpurine 4B
Direct pure blue 6B
Direct pure blue
Direct black EW
Direct black RX
Direct green B
Direct brown 300..
Direct yellow R
Tartrazine.-
Methyl violet
Wool green S
Primuline
Direct fast yellow...
Nigiosine (water-soluble).
Sulphur black
Sulphur blue
Sulphur brown
Sulphur yellow
Indigo, 20 per cent paste..
Zambezi blacks
Pounds
30, 337, 484
130,311
77, 345
131,000
83, 995
338, 101
92, 052
78, 574
211,515
60, 415
563. 349
160. 267
97,913
203, 205
162. 974
238, 128
355, 425
183, 655
69, 476
80, 745
755, 310
219, 242
120, 973
289, 144
161, 949
176, 370
138, 387
39, 821
45, 255
45,971
434, 746
130, 851
356, 868
815, 219
216, 977
440, 997
165, 299
Pounds
37, 382, 913
252, 971
83,419
76, 817
179, 376
295, 236
59, 281
102, 298
211,604
57, 760
462, 757
127, 920
112,081
187, 278
170, 929
177, 492
396, 828
142, 370
56, 105
74, 518
1,451,954
152, 038
72, 010
275, 088
171, 554
214, 852
118,439
59, 142
60, 848
38, 780
356, 263
6, 267, 917
356, 071
792, 649
297, 019
15, 112,876
131, 868
Total of above listed dyes i 22,871,820
29, 156, 408
DYES AND OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PBODUCTS
Decline in Domestic Dye Prices
35
The weighted average price of all domestic dyes sold in 1925 was
about 13 per cent less than the average sold in 1924. The decline
in price was general, extending to the low as well as the high priced
dyes. Table 15 shows the trend of prices in recent years:
Table 15. — Weighted average sales price per pound of domestic dyes,^ 1917 and
1920-1925
Year
Weighted
average
sales price
of domestic
dyes
Year
Weighted
average
sales price
of domestic
dyes
1925
$0.47
.54
.55
.60
1
1921
$0.83
1924
1920-
1 08
1923
1917
a 1 26
1922
> The total value of all dyes divided by the total quantity.
» Unit value of production.
Table 16 affords a comparison of the domestic-sales price of 100
dyes for the years 1920 to 1925, inclusive, with the invoice prices of
the same kinds of dyes imported in 1914. The colors for which
statistics are given in this table constitute about 90 per cent of tho
domestic production. Strictly speaking, domestic-sales prices can
not, of course, be compared with invoice prices, for the reason that
the latter do not represent the cost to the consumer, since they do
not include the importers' profit and usually charges for containers,
packing, freight, and insurance to seaport, consular certification, and
minor shipping charges at point of departure and at seaport.
The Colour-index number is indicated in the first column and the
Schultz number (Farbstoft" Tabellen (dyestuff tables) by Gustav
Schultz, 1914 edition) in the second column. The third column
gives the type name of the dye adopted by the Tariff Commission
for designating all dyes reported under a given color index or Schultz
number.
The invoice price (1914) shown in column 4 represents the weighted
average of all dyes classified under a given Schultz number in "Arti-
ficial dyestuff s used in the United States," Department of Commerce,
Special Agents' Series No. 121. This weighted average price for all
types is frequently higher than the invoice price per pound of the
bulk of dyes imported under a given Schultz number. The indi-
vidual dyes imported under given Schultz numbers in the Norton
census show wide variation in price, frequently amounting to several
hundred per cent. This is due chiefly to the great difference in
concentration of the different dyes and also to the variation in prices
of special and pure brands which are more costly than the ordinary
brands. The figures in column 5, the domestic-sales price as reported
to the Tariff Commission, represent the weighted average price of
all dyes reported under a given color index or Schultz number.
36
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 16. — Domestic sales prices of 100 dyes, 1920-1925, compared with invoice
values of dyes of the same kind imported in 1914
Schultz
No.
C onimon name
1914
invoice
value
imported
dyes
(weighted
average
of all
types)
Average price per pound
Color
index
. No.
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
16
137
' 33
34
37
38
42
48
58
66
82
112
119
134
141
145
154
161
163
164
168
169
173
177
181
188
217
227
236
257
275
265
206
283
284
304
307
327
333
337
342
340
343
344
363
391
405
410
419
424
426
462
463
474
475
476
477
485
9
11
10
23
493
495
499
502
5)2
515
521
530
536
559
566
Acid yellow G
$0. 176 $0. 43
$1.04
.77
.78
.86
.96
1.46
.53
.69
1.25
.73
.84
3.89
1.20
1.85
.51
1.53
.96
1.26
1.96
3.23
.99
1.63
.98
.75
1.67
1.09
1.56
1.41
1.74
1.25
1.48
.94
.78
.85
2.03
.89
2.17
1.48
.69
.99
.86
2.09
1.65
1.20
1.03
2.33
1.53
1.67
1.90
1.39
.79
.71
1.21
1.03
1.15
1.45
1. on
1.07
1.60
1.22
1.80
2.02
1.97
3.68
3.94
3.28
1.66
2.91
3.64
3.42
3.86
1.88
$1.03
.63
.63
.77
.58
.83
.50
.61
.66
.61
.75
3.01
.92
1.30
.38
1.34
.83
.92
1.50
.86
.76
1.25
.76
.55
.91
.79
1.09
1.02
1.21
.94
1.14
.66
.66
.63
1.70
.65
1.44
.91
.48
.93
.89
1.39
1.10
.90
.78
1.64
1.28
1.45
1.52
1.22
.42
.61
.92
.98
.73
.88
.93
.88
1.32
i.'os'
1.66
1.22
$0.87
.58
.57
.58
.59
.71
.52
.61
.78
.58
.73
2.46
.80
1.06
.37
1.09
.78
.86
1.27
.71
.73
1.15
.65
.53
.85
.71
$0."49"
.50
$1.11
20
Chrysoidine Y
.136
.165
.133
.148
.150
.077
.154
.604
.095
.159
.411
.164
.249
.081
. 256
.118
.198
.188
.138
.127
.083
.149
. 156
.252
.134
.165
.143
.166
.172
.110
.144
.186
.183
.270
.179
.255
.133
.041
.189
.231
.362
.194
.133
.209
.234
.267
.222
.275
.440
.144
.139
.174
.230
.'194"
.170
.178
.239
.162
.200
.240
.241
.221
. 255
.294
.248
.308
.281
.409
.312
.353
.87
.79
1.04
1.22
1.78
.63
.86
1.51
.80
.93
5.33
1.64
2.08
.62
1.55
1.04
1.43
2. 28
2.11
1.26
1.52
.81
J. 10
1.95
1.29
2.23
2.64
2.26
1.55
1.80
.87
.84
.91
2.81
.86
2.97
2.49
.88
1.08
1.07
2. ,59
1.99
1.46
1.67
2.47
1.98
1.88
2.11
2.43
1.03
.99
1.51
1.20
1.60
1.58
1.39
1.49
1.88
1. .53
1.86
2.48
3.32
4.23
5.22
4.67
2.39
6.82
5.20
5.90
5.14
4.99
.43
21
Chrvsoidine R
.45
26
Croceine orange
27
Orange G
55
.57
.49
.54
.70
.55
.62
62
31
Amido naphthol red G
53
36
Chrome yellow 2G
.42
40
Chrome yellow R
.45
Amido naphthol red 6B
.55
79
Ponceau 2R..
.51
88
Bordeaux B.. .
.56
128
Direct pink.. ...
138
Metanil yellow... .
.72
.96
.33
1.11
.71
.79
1.17
.49
.69
146
151
Azo yellow
Orange II.'. .
.88
.29
167
Acid chrome brown B. ... .
.99
176
Fast red A .
.69
179
Azo rubine
.76
180
Fast red VR
.87
184
Am.aranth...
.63
185
Cochineal red
189
Lake red R
.91
.54
.48
.76
.46
.86
195
Mordant yellow
.57
202
Chrome blue black U
.44
208
Fast acid blue R
.65
246
Acid black lOB . .
.55
252
Brilliant croceine.
.95
262
Cloth red 2B
1.16
.91
.87
■".'86"
.60
.58
1.03
.59
1.39
.73
.41
1.15
.80.
1.20
.95
.89
.54
1.67
1.06
.89
.86
.91
.67
.53
.51
.84
.96
289
Fast cvanine 5R .
.83
299
Chrome blnck P..
.81
307
Fast pyanine black B
.84
308
Naphthylamine black D ..
.72
331
Bismarck brown..
.47
332
Bismarck brown 2R
.45
365
Chrysophenine Q ..
.78
370
Congo red
394
Direct violet N..
1.28
.65
.37
.81
.72
1.06
.83
.73
.51
1.42
1.22
401
Developed black BHN
.58
406
Direct blue2B..
.34
410
Chrysamine G._
.83
415
Direct orange R.. .
.69
419
Direct fast red F_.
.95
420
Direct brown M. . .
.77
448
Benzopurpurine 4B . .
.66
477
Direct blue 3 B
.46
495
Benzopurpurine lOB ....
1.32
502
Direct azurine G _ .
512
Direct blue RW ...
1.51
1.40
.97
.43
.52
.82
.83
.64
.94
.78
.81
1.22
1.00
.87
1.72
1.60
1.19
1.26
.79
.38
.49
.68
.79
.49
"'."72"
.66
1.07
.97
518
Direct pure blue 6B
.97
520
Direct pure blue
.67
581
Direct black EW.
.34
582
Direct black RX.
.45
593
Direct green B
.61
594
Direct green G . .
.70
596
598
Direct brown 3G0
Congo brown G
.44
.80
606
Direct brown G
.72
620
Direct yellow R
.61
621
622
Chloramine orange G
Stilbene vellow...
.94
640
Tartrazine
.76
1.52
1.70
.67
655
Auramine
2.00
657
Malachite green ... .
1.54
662
Brilliant green
666
677
Acid green B
Magenta _ ...
1.77
2.26
1.29
4.56
1.86
2.42
1.72
2.08
1.25
1.61
1.72
1.13
1.30
1.81
680
Methyl violet...
.99
689
Spirit blue
698
Acid violet
1.86
2.39
1.72
2.56
1.49
704
-\lkali blue^ .
2.24
729
Victoria blue B..
737
Wool green S
1.10
.83
.75
.57
DYES AND OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS
37
Table 16. — Domestic sales prices of 100 dyes, 1920-1925, compared witK^invoice
values of dyes of the same kind imported in 1914 — Continued _ -..i->,i
Color
ndex
No.
Schultz
No.
749
673
768
587
793
606
812
616
814
617
841
679
860
697
861
699
864
698
805
700
883
626
922
659
978
720
1027
778
1033
779
1035
782
1099
763
1113
842
1118
849
1177
874
1180
877
Common name
Rhodamine B
Eosine
Phosphine
Primuline
Direct fast yellow..
Safranine
Induline (spirit-soluble)
Induline (water-soluble)
Nigrosine (spirit -soluble)
Nigrosine (water-soluble)
Gallocyanine
Methylene blue
Sulphur black
Sulphur blue
Sulphur brown
Sulphur tan
Sulphur maroon
Sulphur yellow
Alizarin
Alizarin orange
Alizarin brown
Anthraquinone vat dark blue BO.
Anthraquinone vat blue QCD
Anthraquinone vat yellow G
Indigo, synthetic
Indigo extract-
1914
invoice
value
imported
dyes
(weighted
average
of all
types)
$0. 415
.418
.352
.144
.136
.359
.198
.258
.126
.149
.347
.390
.100
Average price per pound
1920
107
.100
.224
.290
.227
.354
.334
.128
.340
$6.72
4.19
4.17
1.59
2.36
3.88
1.21
1.03
.88
.72
3.06
2.94
.25
.98
.35
.47
1.62
.71
1.45
1.46
1.68
2.12
2.40
4.68
.74
1.00
1921
$2. 51
3.70
1.37
1.59
2.60
.75
.96
.70
.68
2.44
1.94
.23
.64
.38
.59
.95
.73
.65
1.32
2.31
2.41
3.76
.45
.65
1922
$1.90
2.05
1.07
1.29
1.69
.94
.82
.54
.53
1.92
1.40
.21
.60
.40
.56
.79 i
.78
1923
1.86
1.65
$1.84
1.93
.70
1.17
1.45
.93
.83
.52
.46
1.93
1 47
.20
.50
.39
.48
.77
,73
,55
1.24
2.00
1.63
1.24
.23
.58
$1.85
1.86
.79
1.09
1.45
.78
.74
.48
.48
1.86
1.26
.19
.55
.38
.37
2.08
2.23
.22
.56
$1.56
.64
1.06
.45
.42
1.79
1.11
.17
.55
.35
.35
.56
.46
2.16
.16
.65
Unit Value of Dyes Produced, 1921-1925
Table 17 shows the domestic production of dyes for the years 1921
to 1925 arranged according to eight value groups. The actual
quantity is given for each group and the relation of each group to
the total production.
Table 17. — Production of dyes, by groups, according to unit value
Unit values
0-25 cents..
26-50 cents.
51-75 cents
.$0.76-$l.-.
$1.01-$1.50.
$1.51-$2...
$2.01-$3..-
Over $3...
1925
Per
Pounds !eent of
total
45, 815,
16, 134,
9, 598,
4, 851,
5, 027,
2, 578,
1, 568,
771,
Pounds
114 53
929, 18
483 11
750, 5,
117, 5
233; 2
458 1,
354' .
ORO 31.
687,13,
116, 9.
6191 4,
822 6,
9861 1,
817i 1,
893'
725,
8.53,
105,
259,
283,
774,
118,
557,
1923
Per
cent of I Pounds
total
194 '44,
172 15,
257 12,
2031 8,
149,' 8,
584: 2,
6291 1,
812!
Total 86,345,438100 j68, 679, 000 100 93,667,
1922
Per
cent of Pounds
total
Per
cent of
total
47.670128,728,401 44.449
16.234:10,237,825 15.840
13. .'5771 8.418,271 13.025
9. 186; 6, 992, 018| 10. 818
8.762' 6.833.577 10.573
2.4751 2,010. 413| 3. Ill:
1. 329' 838, 8491 1. 298'
. 7671 572, 833' . 886:
1921
Pounds
7, 832, 696
7,941,977
6, 843, 004
4, 762, 791
6, 329. 421
3, 321, 581
1, 220. 966
756, 254
524100
1 64, 632, 187 100
Per
cent of
total
20, 079
20. 300
17.542
12,209
16. 226
8.515
3.130
1.939
39, 008, 690 100
38 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
^INTERMEDIATES IBDYES
AVERAGE PRICE
l.ZO
1.00
.80
.60
.40
.20
(US. PRODUCTION)
1917-1925
923 1924 1925
Progress of Dye Manufacture
Within the last decade the United States has developed a dye
industry that now supplies more than 90 per cent by quantity of
domestic requirements and in addition a significant export trade in
certain dyes. The industry first concentrated on bulk dyes and
recently on many specialties not previously made. As a result of
this specialization, the year 1925 showed marked progress in the
manufacture of new dyes, including vat dyes, direct developed dyes,
alizarin derivatives, and a variety of special colors for the dyeing of
Rayon and for fibers other than Rayon in Rayon mixtures wherein
the Rayon is left unstained. These new dyes, although not con-
sumed in large quantity, meet special requirements of the textile
and other dye-consuming industries. The complexity of their
DYES AND OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS 39
manufacture involves serious technical problems, which are gradually
being solved. The increased use year by year of fast dyes has been
an important factor in stimulating research and in developing new
colors.
Relation of production to consumption. — Imports ^ of coal-tar dyes in
1925 were 5,209,601 pounds, with an invoice value of $4,637,240.
Domestic production in 1925 was 86,345,438 pounds and sales
amounted to 79,303,451 pounds, with a value of $37,468,332. Imports
constituted 6 per cent of production by quantity and more than 12
per cent by value. Assuming domestic consumption to equal total
sales plus imports minus exports, consumption in 1925 was 58,713,163
pounds. Since imports were nearly 9 per cent of consumption by
quantity, dyes manufactured in the United States supplied about
91 per cent of the apparent consumption. In terms of value, how-
ever, they were considerably less than 91 per cent for the reason that
imported dyes are on the average much higher priced than domestic
dyes.
Total exports in 1925 were 25,799,889 pounds, with a value of
$6,694,360. As previously pointed out, this exportable surplus con-
sists largely of indigo and sulphur black.
Reduction in number of dye producers. — Of the 75 firms reporting
the production of dyes in 1925, 6 made only bacteriological stains
and indicators, 4 ceased manufacture during the year, and 1, the
Kerin Manufacturing Co., was taken over by the Calco Chemical
Co. By December 31, 1925, there were consequently but 64 manu-
facturers of dyes exclusive of stains and indicators. In 1919,90
firms produced dyes, and in 1924, 78 firms.
At present (1925) the productive capacity of domestic plants is
far in excess of consumption. Only a few of the large firms have
been able to balance their domestic sales by exports. The severe
competition resulting from sixty-odd firms struggling for a share of
the market will inevitably lead to the elimination of many of the
higher cost producers and to a reduction of capacity nearer our
normal requirements.
The number of dye producers in the United States offers an interest-
ing contrast to the situation in Germany and Switzerland. In Ger-
many six firms have been taken over by the Badische, now known as
the I. G. Teerfarben Industrie, leaving two other large producers
and perhaps four of minor importance. In Switzerland three of the
four producers have a close affiliation of business interests.
A survey of competitive conditions in the United States and of
the trend of foreign trade indicates that the time is ripe for the
amalgamation of certain small manufacturers. This is in fact a
necessity if any substantial economy is to be effected in purchases
and in sales, duplication eliminated, and a better range of products
obtained. Such a fusion might well include manufacturers of
intermediates and heavy chemicals. A group of small firms, con-
centrating on a narrow field, can produce certain specialties at a
lower cost than a large number of producers diffusing their efforts
on a wide range of products.
3 This total poundage is in excess of the actual quantity imported, because nearly all of the vat dyes,
as well as the rhodamines, were reduced to a single strength basis in order to facilitate a comparison of
imports and production. The invoice value is below the actual selling price to the consumer.
40 CENSUS. OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
TARIFF CONSIDERATIONS
The act of 1922 provides that the ad valorem rate of duty on any
imported coal-tar product coming within paragraph 27 or 28 shall be
based upon the American selling price (as defined in subdivision
(f) of sec. 402, Title IV) of any similar competitive article manu-
factured in the United States. A product is defined by the act as
similar or competitive with any imported coal-tar product when it
accomplishes results substantially equal to those accomplished by
the domestic product when used in substantially the same manner.
If a similar competitive article is not manufactured in the United
States, the ad valorem rate is based upon the United States value
(as defined in subdi\asion (d) of sec. 402, Title IV) which is the
selling price in the United States of the imported article less certain
statutory deductions, including profit, general expense, cost of
insurance, transportation, and duty.
The Commission's Dye Census of 1924 (pp. 41-45) discussed the
American selling price as applied to coal-tar products, reviewed the
principal features of the administration of these provisions by the
Treasury Department, summarized the major regulations issued by
that department, and gave important Treasurv Decisions up to
G. A. 9004, T. D. 40925, of 1925.
An abstract of important decisions up to May, 1926, follows:
The constitutionality of the American selling price provisions was
sustained by the Court of Customs xA^ppeals (T. D. 40313 of June 28,
1924).
The sole statutory test or criterion as to what constitutes a com-
petitive product is whether the foreign product substantially equals
the domestic in results accomplished and in manner of use. The law
does not similarly require that the domestic product shall substan-
tially equal the foreign in the particulars mentioned. (G. A. 8839,
T. D. 40365, of 1924.) In determining whether the one accom-
plishes the same result as the other no exact formula is prescribed.
If by a slight change the imported article accomplishes substantially
equal results as those accomplished by the domestic, it is competitive.
(G. A. 8897, T. D. 40517, of 1924 and T. D. 40787 of 1925; affirmed
in Metz v. United States, 13 Ct. Cust. Appls. — ; T. D. 41340 of 1926.)
Delivery is not essential to establish the existence of similar com-
petitive articles manufactured and produced in the United States if
other necessary conditions exist, including ability to deliver, packed
ready for delivery in the ordmary course of trade and in the usual
wholesale quantities. (G. A. 8981, T. D. 40832, of 1925; affirmed in
Sandoz Chemical Worlcs v. United States, 13 Ct. Cust. Appls. — ;
T. D. 41365 of 1926; petition for writ of certiorari denied.)
The Board of General Appraisers in reappraisement appeals under
section 501 of the tariff act of 1922 must find the ultimate and essen-
tial facts required by the issue, which must be supported by substan-
tial evidence, although the correctness of the findings will not be
inquired into, and, having found the imported dye (dutiable under
paragraph 28 of that act according to American selling price as defined
in section 402, subdivision (f), of any similar competitive article
manufactured or produced in the United States) had domestic com-
petition, it then became the board's duty to find the American selling
price of the similar article. In order to do this, it was necessary to
DYES AND OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS 41
find out whether or not the ximerican product had been freely offered
for sale. Kuttrqff v. United States, 13 Ct. Cust. Appls. — ; (T. D.
40861, of 1925).
The provisions of section 402, subdivision (f), have reference to the
American product. Hence the determination of the principal market
is governed entirely by the sale of the American product, and the
determination of the usual wholesale quantities must be confined to
a consideration of the sales which occur in such market. (G. A. 9004,
T. D. 40926, of 1925); decision of Board of General Appraisers
reversed May 29, 1926, by Court of Customs Appeals.)
The operation and execution of paragraph 28 of the act of 1922
made necessary to the finding of value thereunder by means of the
American selling price provision is by the statute made part of the
act of appraisement and as such is reviewable upon reappraisement
appeal. Classification remains as before reviewable only by protest
against the action of the collector on liquidation. (G. A. 9029, T. D.
41049, of 1925.)
Paragraphs 27 and 1549 of the tariff act of 1922 must be construed
together. If a tar distillate answers either of the two distillation
tests of paragraph 27, it is classifiable under it and not under para-
graph 1549. Paragraph 27 embraces all distillates of the tars named
which answer either of its two prescribed tests, and paragraph 1549
embraces all distillates of the tars named which answer its prescribed
test, except such as are embraced within paragraphs 27 and 28. A
mixture of a coal-tar pitch provided for in paragraph 1549 with a dis-
tillate (cresylic acid) provided for in paragraph 27 is not classifiable
as one of the distillate and pitch mixtures of paragraph 1549, since
this provision is expressly limited to distillates and pitches classifiable
under paragraph 1549. Such a mixture is dutiable under the provi-
sion of paragraph 27 for "all mixtures, including solutions, consist-
ing in whole or in part of any of the foregoing products provided for
in this paragraph." {United States v. Bdkelite Corporation, 13 Ct.
Cust. Appls. — ; T. p. 41458, of 1926.)
The method prescribed by the Treasury Department for determin-
ing the solidifving point of naphthalene for the purposes of paragraphs
27 and 1549 of the tariff act of 1922 is in T. D. 41515, of 1926. "
Paragraph 28 of the tariff act of 1922 levies in addition to an ad
valorem duty on coal-tar colors, dyes, or stains, a specific duty of
7 cents per pound to be based on standards of strength to be estab-
lished by the Secretary of the Treasury. These coal-tar products
imported prior to the establishment of such standards are liable to
the specific duty on only the weight imported. Levying on weights
ascertained "on comparison with the lowest known commercial
strength of the merchandise" was held to be ille2:al. United States v.
Sandoz Cliemical For^.s, 14 Ct. Cust. Appls.— ; (T. D. 41542, of 1926).
Imported merchandise is not usually entered at more than its
dutiable value but when so entered it is at the importers' risk and
the collector m.ust take it on not less than such entered value regard-
less of the value returned by the appraiser, general appraiser, or Board
of General Appraisers. G. A. 9106, T. D. 41449, of 1926; appeal
pending in Court of Customs Appeals.
By order of the President under section 316 (f) of the tariff act of
1922, entry is temporarily suspended pending investigation of syn-
42
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
thetic phenolic resin of form C and all other articles manufactured
wholly or in part thereof except articles made by molding synthetic
phenolic resin when mixed with other articles. T. D. 41512, of 1926.
Cresylic acid, recommended method for the distillation of. (T. D.
41735 of 1926).
Effect of Reduction in Duty on Imports
On September 22, 1924, under the provisions of the tariff act of
1922, the ad valorem rate on dyes and other finished coal-tar products,
paragraph 28, was reduced from 60 per cent to 45 per cent, while the
specific duty remained at 7 cents per pound. In the commission's
Census of Dyes for 1923 it was pointed out that the specific duty is
more eft'ective on the low-priced dyes and that the ad valorem rate
CURVE SHOWING IMPORTS OFCOfiL TftR DYES. BY MONTHS,
ThROOSH THE PORT OF NEW YORK,
(AD VALOneM DUTY QP
eo7, KtcuctD ro *si
on sspr zz lot.*
I 1926
is more effective on the high-priced dyes, and that consequently a
reduction in the ad valorem rate would more directly affect the higher^
priced dyes.
Since this reduction in the rate of duty became effective, imports of
dyes have recorded a conspicuous increase. The total dye imports in
1925 amounting to 5,209,601 pounds, with an invoice value of
$4,637,240, represented a 72 per cent increase by quantity and a 59
per cent increase by value over 1924. The average monthly import
during 1925 was 434,133 pounds, valued at $386,437, as compared
with 179,103 pounds, valued at $182,515 during the first nine months
of 1924, prior to the tariff reduction (September 22, 1924). Increased
activity in the textile trade during 1925 was a factor in the gain in
imports. Pronounced competition from imported dyes has been
manifest, particularly from the higher-cost types. These dyes have
practically all been of German and Swiss manufacture.
DYES AND OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS 43
Table 18. — Imports of coal-tar dyes into the United States, 1920-1926 (3 months)
Period
Pouiids
Invoice
value
Monthly average
Pounds
Value
1926 — Total 3 months
1,157,290
5, 209, 601
$1,097,164
4, 637, 240
385, 763
434, 133
$365, 721
1925
386, 437
1924—
First 9 months _
1, 611, 931
1, 410, 608
1.642,632
1,266,146
179. 103
470, 203
182,515
Last 3 months
422, 049
Total
3, 022, 539
3, 098, 193
3, 982, 631
4, 252, 911
3, 402, 582
2, 908, 778
3,151,363
5, 243, 257
5, 1.56, 779
5, 763. 437
251, 878
258. 153
338, 850
354, 409
283, 548
242, 398
1923
262, 614
1922
436, 838
1921 - -
429, 732
1920
480, 286
PEODUCTION OF DYES BY CLASSES
The dyes produced in the United States in 1925 are classified
according to method of application as follows: (1) Acid dyes, (2)
basic dyes, (3) direct dyes, (4) lake and spirit-soluble dyes, (5) mor-
dant or chrome dyes, (6) sulphur dyes, (7) vat dyes, subdivided into
indigo and other vats, and (8) unclassified dyes. While in certain
instances the classification is arbitrary, because a dye may have
properties which permit of its application by more than one method,
it is believed that the above classification facilitates a comparison
of production and import figures.
Comparative data for dyes produced in the United States from
1917 to 1925, inclusive, and those imported in the fiscal year 1914
and in the calendar years 1920 to 1925, inclusive, are arranged
according to the classes given in Table 19.
Table 19. — Comparison of imports of dyes, by classes , fiscal year 1914 and calendar
years 1920-1925, with domestic production, calendar years 1917-1925
Class of dye
Acid
Basic
Direct _.
Lake and spirit-soluble.
Mordant and chrome- -
Sulphur
Vats (including indigo).
k (a) Indigo
^ (b) Other vats
Unclassified
Total 45,950,895
1914
Imports
Pounds
9, 286, 501
3, 002, 480
10, 264, 757
1,512,605
4, 450, 442
7, 053, 879
10, 352, 663
8, 407, 359
1,945,304
27,568
Per cent
of total
20.2
6.5
22. 3
3.3
9.7
15.4
22.5
18.3
4.2
. 1
100
UfJJ^d pe, cent
States - , , ,
production °' ^"^^^^
1918
Pounds
9,372,121
2,073,043 I
11,181,761 I
934,360 I
4,164,902
15,588,222
289,296 I
274,771 i
14,525 \
2,368,541
20.4
4.5
24.3
2.2
9.1
33.9
.6
.55
.05
5.0
United
States
production
45, 977, 246
100
Pounds
9,799,071
2, 879, 639
12,28.5,683
1,068,466
5,447,192
23, 698, 826
3, 281, 337
3, 083, 888
197,449
4,232
58,464,446
Per cent
of total
16.8
4.9
21.1
1.8
9.3
40.5
5.6
5.3
.3
100
44
CENSUS OF Di'ES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 19. — Comparison of imports of dyes, by classes, fiscal year 1914 and calendar
years 1920-1926, with domestic production, calendar years 1917-1925 — Con.
Class of dye
Acid
Basic
Direct
Lake and spirit-soluble
Mordant and chrome-.
Sulphur
Vats (including indigo)
(a) Indigo
(6) Other vats
Unclassified
Total--- ..-.
United I
States
production
Per cent
of total
Pounds
12, 195, 968
4, 036, 532
14,444,934
1,813,199
3, 985, 050
17, 624, 418
9, 252, 982
8, 863, 824
389, 158
49, 111
19.2
6.4
22.8
2.8
6.3
27.8
14.6
14.0
.6
.1
63, 402, 194
100
1920
United
States
production
Pounds
17, 741, 538
4, 993, 001
19, SS2, 631
2, 205, 281
3, 900, 209
20, 034, 500
19, 338, 099
18,178,231
1, 159,-808
168, 517
88, 203, 776
Per cent
of total
20.1
.5.7
22.5
2.5
4.4
22.7
21.9
20.6
1.3
Imports
100
Pounds
733, 405
192,103
.571, 581
17, 527
709, 482
229, 140
932, 464
171,101
761, 363
16, 820
3, 402, 582
Per cent
of total
21.5
.5.7
16.8
.5
20.9
0.7
27.4
5.0
22.4
.5
100
1921
1922
Class of dye
United
States
production
Per
cent of
total
Imports
Per
cent of
total
United
States
production
Per
cent of
total
Imports
Per
cent of
total
Acid -
Pounds
7, 843, 009
1, 8.53, 094
7, 053, 701
720,406
3,997,442
10, 239, 255
7, 019, 120
6, 673, 908
345, 1.52
282, 603
20.11
4.75
18.08
1.85
10.25
20.25
17.99
17.11
.88
.72
Pounds
1,455,823
163, 527
537,664
43, 553
695, 961
220, 938
1,110,345
70, 975
1, 045, 370
19, 100
34.24
3.84
12.64
1.02
16.36
5.20
20.25
1.66
24.59
.45
Pounds
9,880,014
2, 937, 585
11,931,737
1, 009, 512
3, 749, 701
16, 913, 707
16, 926, 744
15, 850, 752
1,075,992
1, 283, 127
15. 29
4.54
18.40
l.,50
•5.80
26.17
26.19
24.52
1.67
1.99
Potinds
601,395
155, 084
671,621
76, 853
716, 790
194, 883
1, 549, 024
505
1, 548. 519
16, 981
15.10
• 3 89
Basic
Direct
16.88
1.93
18.00
4 89
Lake and spirit-soluble..
Mordant and chrome.- -
Sulphur -
Vats (including indigo),
(o) Indigo
38.90
01
(b) Other vats
Unclassified...
38.89
43
Total.-
39,008,690
100
4, 252, 911
100
64, 632, 187
■
100
3, 982, 631
100
Class of dye
Acid-.-
Basic
Direct
Lake and spirit-soluble.
Mordant and chrome...
Sulphur
Vats (including indigo)
(o) Indigo
(6) Other vats
Unclassified and special
Total.
1923
United
Per
States
cent of
production
total
Pounds
12,498,817
13.34
4,157,373
4.44
10, 858, 387
18.00
1,171,854
1.25
4, 078, 504
4.35
21,558,469
23.02
30,113,642
32.15
28,347,259
30.26
1,766,383
1.89
3, 2.30, 478
3.45
93,667,524
100
Pounds
544, 048
210, 896
527, 014
23, 213
453,415
114, 023
1, 207, 554
1, 207, 554
18, 030
3, 098, 193
Per
cent of
total
17. 56
6.81
17.01
.75
14.63
3.68
38.98
United
States
production
Per
cent of Imports
total
Pounds
9, 187, 256
3, 676, 997
14, 662, 577
967, 550
2, 953, 987
14, 561, 257
21,818,022
19, 996, 703
1,821,319
861,354
68,679,000
13.38
5.35
21.35
1.41
4.30
21. 20
31.77
29.12
2. 65
1.24
100
Pounds
324, 538
249, 008
421, 538
17, 334
413, 902
87, 704
1, 499, 322
5.471
1,493,851
9, 073
3, 022, 539
Per
cent of
total
10.74
8.24
13.95
.57
13.69
2.90
49.61
.18
49.43
.30
100
DYES AND OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS
45
Table 19. — Comparison of imports of dyes, by classes, fiscal year 1914 o,nd calendar
years 1920-1925, with domestic production, calendar years 1917-1925 — Con.
Class of dye
Acid
Basic
Direct J
Lake and spirit soluble.
Mordant and chrome. _
Sulphur
Vats (including indigo) .
(a) Indigo
(6) Other vats
Unclassified and special
Total
Domestic
Sales
Pounds
356, 726
973, 526
058, 071
532, 793
694, 876
453, 834
702, 741
449, 938
252, 803
530, 884
Value
79, 303, 451
Production
Pounds
37, 468, 332
86, 345, 438
Per cent
of total
11.8
4.8
17.1
1.9
2.9
24.1
36.7
33.7
3.0
Imports
Pounds
589, 959
607, 637
759, 024
57, 540
642, 098
122, 230
2,418,842
1,952
2, 416, 890
12,271
5, 209, 601
Per cent
of total
11.32
11.66
14. 57
1.10
12.33
2.35
46.43
.04
46.39
.24
100
SO
TOTAL OF ^LL DYES
75
60-
/-V MILLIONS OF
POUNDS
"^^IM PORTS I9lk
FISCAL YEAR
IZZl PRODUCTION
1917 25 CALENDAR YftS
IMPORTS J9Z0-ZS
CALENDAR YEAIfS.
W 0» CTl CD ff^ C> ii<
46 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Acid Dyes
Description. — The acid dyes are commonly applied in an acid bath;
they have acid properties and are usually sodium salts of a color acid.
They constitute the most important group used in wool dyeing, being
especially adapted to the dyeing of hosiery and carpet yarns, suitings,
dress goods, and hat materials; they have, in addition, considerable
application on silk. They are little used on cotton or linen because of
their lack of affinity for vegetable fibers, but are of value in the dyeing
of jute. In general they are used on goods not requiring repeated
washings.
Acid dyes yield clear, bright shades. They are superior to the
direct and mordant dyes in purity of shade, but are not equal to basic
dyes in this respect. They have a wide color range, and in fastness
show great individual variation; as a rule they are fairly fast to light
and acids, but have a tendency to bleed in washing. They yield
faster shades on wool than on silk. Some of the more complex acid
dyes, many of which are of recent origin, produce shades of good
general fastness. Their method of application in an acid bath is
simple and of low labor cost. A considerable part of this group is of
the lowest priced dyes produced.
The line of demarcation between acid dyes and certain colors of the
direct and mordant groups is arbitrary. Certain acid dyes when
" af tertreated " with sodium or potassium dichromate yield shades of
good fastness to milling, light, washing, and other agents. Those
known as acid chrome colors are used chiefly on wool, especially
on loose wool yarns, and on piece goods such as men's suitings.
Most of the acid dyes are chemically included in one of the follow-
ing groups: (1) Nitro compounds, (2) azo compounds, (3) sul-
phonated basic dyes (mostly triphenylmethane derivatives), and
(4) alizarin derivatives.
Production and imports. — Acid dyes ranked fourth in quantity pro-
duced in 1925, with a total of 10,214,024 pounds, or 11.8 per cent of
all dyes manufactured. This output is a 10 per cent increase over
1924. Sales amounted to 10,356,726 pounds, valued at $8,376,020.
In value of sales this group ranks second — namely, 22 per cent of total
sales — the direct dyes holding first place.
The leading acid dyes showed relatively small changes in produc-
tion, a notable exception being Metanil yellow, with a 75 per cent
increase. As was the case in direct dyes, the important develop-
ments in this group were the increased production of the fast and
specialty types and of a number of colors not heretofore made in the
United States.
Three acid dyes — namely. Orange II, Acid black lOB, and Nigro-
sine (water-soluble) — were each produced in a quantity exceeding
1,000,000 pounds.
For the first time since 1917 Orange II was the ranking dye in this
group in quantity of production. The output in 1925 was 1,359,304
pounds and sales amounted to 1,402,169 pounds, valued at $405,852.
Acid black lOB was second, with a production of 1,191,137 pounds.
In volume of production the next largest were Nigrosine (water-
soluble), Metanil yellow, Tartrazine, Ponceau 2R, Amido naphthol
red G. In value of sales Acid alizarin blue B is one of the lead-
ing colors.
DYES AND OTHEE FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS
47
Among the dyes in this group showing notable increases in pro-
duction were Wool green S, Resorcin brown B, Brilliant croceine,
Scarlet E C, Fast light yellow, Acid green B, Acid violet, Patent
blue, and Acid alizarin rubine.
Imports of the acid dyes, the total of which was 589,959 pounds,
comprised 11.32 per cent by quantity of all dyes imported. The
15 imported in largest quantity were as follows:
Pounds
Erioglaiicine :_. 35, 295
Patent blue A 31, 097
Wool fast blue BL, GL 30, 248
Polar red 28,584
Patent blue V 24,892
Fast green 18,967
Acid milling black B 17, 635
Indocyanine B 16, 521
Pounds
Naphthalene green 15, 299
Azo carmine GX 15,166
Erioviridine B.. 13,946
Polar orange 13, 386
Alizarine direct blue BGAOO. 10, 985
Kiton fast yellow 10, 023
Acid violet'6B M 10, 008
Basic Dyes
Description. — The basic dyes surpass all others in depth, brilliancy
of shade, and purity of tone. They possess high tinctorial power,
but as a class lack fastness, especially to light and washing.
Basic colors are used on cotton in dyeing and in printing where
bright shades or color tints are desired without special requirements
for fastness. They also are used in the dyeing of paper and jute
and for lithographic inks, typewriter ribbons, copy paper, and pencils.
With the exception of Rhod amine B and a few others, they have
little application on wool. They are chemicall}^ basic in character
and are fixed on vegetable fibers with an acid mordant — namely,
tannic acid — or more recently a synthetic substitute.
Dyes of this class are historically the oldest of the coal-tar dyes.
Mauve or Perkin violet, discovered by W. H. Perkin in 1856, was
the first aniline dyestuff produced on a commercial scale. Basic
dyes are not as important as formerly; for cotton dyeing they have
been superseded by direct and sulphur dyes, which cost less to apply
and many of which excel in fastness. The vat dyes are now being
used on cotton for many applications where basic dyes were for-
merly used exclusively. In wool dyeing the acid dyes have almost
entirely displaced the basic colors. Chemically, basic dyes include
a large number of the triphenylmethane derivatives and, in addi-
tion, members of the following classes: (1) x\zines, (2) azos, (3)
thioazines, (4) thioazols, and (5) acridines.
Production and imports. — The 1925 output of basic dyes was
4,121,735 pounds, or 4.8 per cent of all dyes produced; this is a 12
per cent increase over the 1924 figure. Sales amounted to 3,973,526
pounds, valued at $3,720,581. By value basic dyes made up nearly
10 per cent of all dyes sold.
Chrysoidine Y, with a production of 756,062 pounds, and Methyl
violet with 649,900 pounds, both of which recorded substantial gains
over 1924, were the leading dyes in this group produced in 1925.
Methylene blue. Malachite green, and Chrysoidine R declined in
production in 1925, while Auramine, Rhodamine B, and Phosphine
showed a large increase in production.
Rhodamine 6G and 6GDN, types which are consumed in large
amounts in cotton printing, were reported in 1925. The latter is
used for color discharge effects.
48 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Imports of basic dyes in 1925 were 607,637 pounds, or 11.66 per
cent of all dyes imported. The Rhodamines (B, 6G, and 6GDN, all
single strength) made up nearly 70 per cent of this total import.
The 10 basic dyes imported in largest quantity were as follows:
Pounds Pounds
Rhodamine B 228,105
Rhodamine 6G 118,163
Rhodamine 6GDN 75,700
Phosphine 27, 760
Methj'lene green 20, 045
Acridine orange 17, 353
Euchrvsine 1 5, 622
Victoria blue B 13, 389
Methyl Lyons blue 10, 882
Direct Cotton Dyes
Description. — The direct or substantive dyes have been intro-
duced within the last 25 years. Their method of application is
simple, as they d.ye vegetable fibers full shades in a neutral or a kaline
bath "directly," without the use of mordants. Although their
principal application is on cotton, they are of special value in dyeing
fabrics containing both cotton and wool, or silk and cotton (union
goods). They are also used on silk, linen, and paper and to some
extent on wool, especially for knitting yarns, worsted and shoddy
yarns, and loose wool.
In fastness individual dyes of this group show a wide variation.
On account of their high solubility, they have a tendency to run
when washed. Many direct dyes, particularly those first intro-
duced, are sensitive to acids and fade on exposure to sutilight; others,
especially the newer ones, have good fastness to both acids and
light, as well as to other agents. Certain direct colors are of good
fastness, particularly to washing, after a treatment of the dyed
fiber by ''coupling" with certain intermediates. The developed
direct dyes are now manufactured in the United States on a large
scale and in a good variety of types. They are becoming of greater
importance each year for cotton and silk dyeing, in response to
the growing demand of the public for wash goods. It is probable
that the direct dyes which can not be developed or after- treated to
increase their fastness will show a distinct trend toward a reduced
consumption in the years to come, while the use of the so-called
developed direct dyes will increase. An after-treatment with metallic
salts or formaldehyde is another means of improving the fastness of
certain direct dyes.
With a few exceptions, the direct dyes are chemically "azo" com-
pounds and are nearly all derivatives of benzidine, tolidine, diamino,
stilbene, or a group closely similar to one of these. A small but
valuable group of direct colors belongs in the thiazol class.
Production and imports. — The direct or substantive dyes, with a
production of 14,787,840 pounds in 1925, ranked third in quantity.
Sales in 1925 amounted to 15,058,071 pounds, valued at S9,309,345.
A comparison of production in 1924 and 1925 show relatively small
change in output of the tonnage dyes. The significant feature,
however, and one which represents progress in the industry, is the
large gain in the production of the faster types of direct dyes and
also an increase in the developed direct dyes. Examples in the
first group are the direct fast oranges, blues, catechines, and violets;
the second group, frequently known as the developed or diazo colors,
Pounds
BrilUant sky blue 22, 961
Diphenyl fast brown GNC 17, 629
Diamine scarlet 3B 16, 899
Diazo brilliant scarlet 13, 453
Chlorantine fast yellow 4GL__ 13, 002
Diamine fast orange 12, 000
DYES AND OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS 49
are blues, blacks, and reds, or such as diazo fast blue and diazo fast
red, developed black, and Zambezi black V.
The Direct black EW, with an output of 5,142 147 pounds, led
this group of dyes, comprising 6 per cent of all dyes manufactured.
Sales were 5,527,264 pounds, valued at $1,862,514. The unit value
of 33.7 cents represents a decline of 4.2 cents per pound.
Direct brown 3G0 ranked second, with a production of 808,707
pounds, and Direct blue 2B with 787,074 pounds, third. Other
direct dyes with a large production include Chrysophenine G,
459,595 pounds, and Direct yellow R with 413 432 pounds.
Imports of direct dyes in 1925 amounted to 759,024 pounds, or
14.57 per cent of all dyes imported. The twelve leading direct dyes
imported in 1925 were:
Pounds
Chlorantine fast brown 34, 268
Chlorantine fast violet 33, 941
Diaminogene blue 31, 943
Chlorantine red 8BN 28, 631
Chlorantine fast blue 28, 435
Trisulphon brown B 25, 815
Pyrazol orange 25, 165
SRA dyes. — These dyes were developed after exhaustive research
work by the British Celanese Co. (Ltd.) (manufacturers of celanese
silk), especially for the dyeing of acetate cellulose known as "acetate
silk." They are sold in the form of a 10 per cent paste, consisting
of a dispersion of the dye wdth a highly sulfonated castor oil — that is,
sulforicinoleic acid. When mixed with water the dispersed colloidal
solution is capable of dyeing cellulose acetate. In fabrics colored
with these dyes the cotton is left unstained, as well as artificial
silks other than acetate. They offer a good range of colors, are of
easy application, and possess good general fastness.
Eighteen SUA dyes were manufactured for the first time in the
United States in 1925. The domestic production of these special
dyes on a large scale is a development of high interest, in view of the
remarkable expansion of the Rayon industry in the United States,
and the rapid increase in the use of celanese or acetate silk.
Mordant and Chrome Dyes
Description.— These colors are used in conjunction with metallic
mordants, such as salts of chromium, aluminum, iron, and tin, to
dye both vegetable and animal fibers. The resulting shades are,
in general, of exceptional fastness to color-destroying agents. On
wool, the mordant dyes yield shades fast to light, washing, and other
agents. They are also important in printing on cotton piece goods,
but are little used on silk.
The mordant dyes are frequently designated as chrome colors.
As many of them are derived from alizarin they were formerly
called alizarin dyes. Certain dyes may be acid, acid chrome, or
chrome, according to the method of application. The true alizarins
are generally used with a mordant; the new acid alizarins can be
used either with or without a mordant, and constitute a valuable
group in the wool trade. In the application of chrome dyes on
wool, the mordant may be applied before, during, or after the dyeing
50
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
operation. The labor cost of dyeing with mordant and chrome
dyes is higher than for many other groups.
Formerly the most important dye of this class was alizarin, used
on cotton to produce the well-known Turkey red, one of the shades
made in ancient times from madder root. Alizarin has for about 50
years been prepared synthetically from anthracene. In the United
States it has been replaced to a large extent for cotton by certain of
the so-called ''ice" dyes, such as Para red and more recently by
Naphthol AS red.
Chemically, the mordant dyes are members of the following
classes: (1) Anthraquinone, (2) azo, (3) oxazine, (4) triphenylme-
thane, (5) nitroso, (6) oxyquinone, and (7) xanthone.
Production and imports. — The output of mordant and chrome
colors in 1925 was 2,543,292 pounds, or nearly 3 per cent of all
dyes manufactured. This production is a decline of nearly 14 per
cent from 1924. Sales in 1925 were 2,694,876 pounds, valued at
$1,990,468. The change in production of the tonnage products
were in most cases relatively small. Metachrome brown, however,
recorded a sharp decline in production. A number of the alizarin
derivatives, a valuable group used for wool dyeing, were made in
greatly increased quantity in 1925. These have been heavily im-
ported and their increased production is a notable development in
dye manufacture.
Chrome blue black U, with a production of 851,540 pounds,
ranked first among the mordant and chrome colors. Sales were
851,161 pounds, valued at $369,914. Other important dyes in this
group include Alizarin, Acid alizarin blue B, Chrome black F, T, and
Blue black B. Conspicuous increases were recorded in the produc-
tion of Alizarin blue black B, Alizarin red S, Anthracene blue WR
and Alizarin serge blue.
Imports of mordant and chrome dyes totaled 642,098 pounds,
which was 12.33 per cent in quantity of all dyes brought into this
country in 1925, 24 per cent of domestic producton of the group.
The twelve leading mordant and chrome dyes imported are:
Pounds
Alizarin (synthetic) 75, 174
Alizarin blue black 51,066
Gallamine blue 36, 021
Alizarin sky blue B .34, 352
Alizarin saphirol B 30, 425
Purpurine 28, 281
Pounds
Eriochrome azurol BC 28, 093
Alizarin orange 24, 450
Alizarin saphirol SE 24, 382
Alizarin viridine FF 21, 798
Alizarin blue S 16, 359
Alizarin YCA 15, 152
Sulphur Dyes.
Description. — These dyes are used largely in cotton dj^eing, es-
pecially for uniform cloths, hosiery, gingham yarns, and cotton
warps to be woven with wool and later dyed with acid d3'^es. They
are used very largely for heavy shades of blue, green, brown and
black. Their greatly extended use during the war served to in-
crease permanently their application on cotton. Minor uses are in
the dyeing of linen and artificial silk.
The sulphur dyes possess excellent fastness to washing, fulling,
alkalies, and acids in cross dyeing. With some exceptions, their
fastness to light is good. As they are not fast to chlorine, they do
not withstand the repeated bleaching action of hypochlorites in the
DYES AND OTHEK FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS 51
modern laundry treatment. They are applied in a sodium sulphide
solution with, in certain cases, after treatment with metallic salts or
other agents to improve their fastness. "Cachou de Laval," the
first of this group to be discovered, was made in 1867 by the fusion
of sawdust with sodium sulphide and sulphur. Sulphur dyes are
now prepared by the fusion of various intermediates (containing the
nitro, amino, or imino groups) with sodium sulphide and sulphur.
These dyes are not pure, distinct compounds, and the presence of
other substances renders them of comparatively low^ color value.
Recent developments, however, have greatly increased the tinctorial
value and shade range of many of them.
Production and imports. — This group, with an output of 20,760,512
pounds, ranked second in quantity, constituting 24 per cent of all
dyes manufactured. The 1925 production was an increase of 42.5 per
cent over 1924. Sales in 1925 were 18,453,834 pounds, valued at
$4,171,590. The sulphur dyes ranked fourth in sales value in 1925.
As in 1.924, sulphur black ranked second in 1925 in quantity of all
dyes produced. The 1925 output of 16,587,828 pounds was an in-
crease of 41.5 per cent over 1924. Sales in 1925 were 14,505,404
pounds, valued at $2,470,787. The average sales price per pound
was 17 cents, a decline of nearly 11 per cent. Sulphur black is an
important item in our export trade, ranking second to indigo. About
80 per cent of the total increase in production in 1925 was made up
by Sulphur black and Indigo.
Sulphur brown, with a production of 1,832,364 pounds, ranked
second among the sulphur dyes. Sulphur blue, with a production
of 668,959 pounds, and Sulphur yellow, with a total of 594,193
pounds, were produced in the next largest quantities. Sulphur green
and Sulphur orange both recorded a conspicuous gain in output in
1925.
Imports of sulphur dyes were relatively small, amounting to
122,230 pounds, or 2.35 per cent of all dyes imported. Cross dye
green, with a total of 57,924 pounds led this class, and Thionol
brown with 18,383 pounds and Thional brilliant blue, w^ith a total
of 5,001 pounds, were second and third, respectively.
Vat Dyes
Description. — Vat dj^es as a class possess exceptional fastness to
light, washing, acids, alkalies, and chlorine. Some of them are not
fast to all of these agents. The consumption of vat dyes is increas-
ing as a result of the increased demand for fast-dyed fabrics b}'^ the
ultimate consumer of textiles. As cotton goods dyed with these
colors withstand the severe treatment of the modern laundry, the
increased cost of dye per yard is a minor factor compared with the
increased life of the fabric. A European colorist, referring to the
vat dyes, has said that Europe is too poor to afford anything but
fast dyes, as he considers the loose or fugitive colors an extravagance.
Their superior fastness and the variety and beauty of shades which
they yield have been largely responsible for a steady increase in
their use. They are applied on dyed and printed shirtings, blouse
material, dress goods, ginghams, muslin curtains, and other cotton
wash goods and have a limited application on silk and a still smaller
one on wool. Because of their higher cost they have a limited use
52 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
in solid or heavy shades, their chief use being for color stripesl'and
small printed patterns on a white background. They possess tech-
nical advantages in application over the alizarin mordant dyes.
With the exception of Indigo, one of the oldest dyes known, vat
dyes are of recent origin, having been developed since 1904. The
Badische Co., of Germany, manufactured the first members of this
class, known in the trade as the indanthrenes. This group was
followed by the ciba dyes of the Society of Chemical Industry at
Basle, Switzerland, and later by other series, including the .algols,
heiindones, thioindigoes, and hydrous, produced by different Ger-
man concerns. Prior to the war vat dyes other than Indigo were
made exclusively in Germany and Switzerland.
Following the outbreak of the war, the United States and Great
Britain, two of the leading consumers of these dyes, began their
manufacture on an extensive scale.
Vat dyes are among the most complex of dyes, difficult to manufac-
ture, and relatively high in cost. Chemically they consist of indi-
goids (including thioindigoids), anthraquinone derivatives, and the
carbazoie derivatives.
In 1924 a water-soluble leuco derivative of Indigo, under the name
of indigosol, was placed on the market by Swiss and German firms.
Since then other indigosol types, including Indigosol black TB, Indi-
gosol violet AZB, and a yellow HCG, have been made in commercial
quantity. A similar derivative of Caledon jade green, known as
Soledon jade green, was manufactured by the Scottish Dyes (Ltd.).
The commercial production of water-soluble leuco derivatives, which
can be used on animal as well as vegetable fibers, marks an advance
not only in this group, but in the whole realm of dye manufacture.
Their application by the "direct method" with subsequent oxida-
tion is less complex than by the alkali hydrosulphite process generally
used for the vat dyes.
Extended use of these new derivatives will depend in part on their
selling prices.
Production and imports. — Expansion in the production of vat dyes
is an outstanding feature of the domestic dye industry during the
year 1925. The total production, including Indigo, was 31,730,178
pounds, or 36.7 per cent of all dyes produced. This production rep-
resents a 45 per cent increase over 1924. Sales in 1925 were 26,702,-
741 pounds, valued at $7,105,849.
Indigo (20 per cent paste) reached its maximum production in the
United States in 1925, when 29,121,817 pounds were made. This
was 34 per cent of all dyes produced in that year. Production in
1924 was 19,996,703 pounds. Sales in 1925 amounted to 24,449,938
pounds, valued at $3,805,518, or 15.6 cents per pound, as compared
with 21.8 cents in 1924 and 23 cents in 1923. The current price of
Indigo, May, 1926, was about 12 cents a pound. This is much below
the pre-war price in 1913, when our entire supply was imported
The principal reason for the increased sales of Indigo in 1925 was a
gain in export demand rather than increased domestic consumption.
Vat dyes other than Indigo, with a total of 2,608,361 pounds, showed
an increase of 43 per cent over 1924. The increasing importance of
this group of dyes to the textile industry is indicated by the produc-
tion and consumption figures in Table 20.
DYES AND OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS
53
Table 20. — Production, imports, and consumption of vat dyes other than indigo in
the United States, 1914 and 1920-1925
Year
Production
Imports
Consumption
1925
Pounds
2, 608, 361
1,821,319
1, 766, 383
1, 075, 992
345, 152
1, 159, 868
Pounds
2, 418, 842
1. 493, 851
1, 207, 654
1, 548, 519
1, 045. 370
761,363
1, 945. 304
Pounds
5, 027. 203
1924 -- -
3,315, 170
1923
2, 973. 937
1922
2,624.511
1921
1, 390, 522
192.1
1,921,231
1914
1. 945, 304
There is undoubtedly a world-wide trend toward the use of vat
dyes. In the United States their increased consumption is largely
due to the progressive attitude of certain textile manufacturers and
the realization on the part of the public that fast-dyed or printed
fabrics are in the long run the more economical. A number of
domestic textile firms have in the last few years introduced under
various trade names a range of fast-dyed fabrics of silk, as well as
of cotton, which are dyed almost entirely with the vat colors. Cer-
tain lines of fabrics, such as men's shirtings, are dyed largely with
vat colors. In Europe an even wider range of fabrics than in the
United States are dyed with this group. In the Orient also, par-
ticularly in India and Japan, the consumption of vat colors is rapidly
increasing.
Of the vat dyes other than Indigo, Anthraquinone vat blue GCD
again led in quantity of production and in value of sales. Anthra-
quinone vat yellow G ranked second. Anthraquinone golden orange
G and R, Dibromindigo RB, vat pinks of the FF type, Anthrene
jade green, and Anthraquinone blue BCS also showed notable
increases.
Imports of vat dyes other than Indigo totaled 2,416,890 pounds,
which was 46.39 per cent of all dyes imported in the United States
in 1925. The 1924 import was 1,493,851 pounds. The imported
vat colors, in common with certain other high-priced dyes, have
offered heavy competition to similar types manufactured in the
United States. The following tabulation shows the leading vat dyes
imported and the quantity brought in during 1925:
Ciba violet B, R
Indanthrene blue GCD
Ciba scarlet
Indanthrene yellow G, R
Brilliant indigo 4B
Indanthrene golden orange R-
Ciba red R
Anthraflavone GC
Indanthrene red violet RH
Helindone printing black RD.
Pounds 1
276,
858
139,
876
123,
473
111,
713
92,
300
90,
730
85,
084
73,
816
69,
107
68,
000
Hydron orange RF
Hydron pink FF
Indanthrene blue BCS
Indanthrene brown R
Indanthrene brown G
Indanthrene golden orange G.
Hydron brown G, R
Cibanone yellow R
Cibanone orange R
Indanthrene black BB
Pounds
63, 608
63, 052
59, 814
59, 033
51,813
46, 646
36, 076
34, 815
33, 939
,32, 706
Color-Lake and Spirit-Soluble Dyes
These dyes, constituting one of the smaller groups, are used in the
preparation of a class of pigments known as color lakes, discussed
in detail on page 55. The spirit-soluble dyes are insoluble in water,
but dissolve in oils, fats, or various organic solvents; consequently
54
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
they find application for coloring varnishes, fats, oils, waxes, and
similar products. As many of the spirit-soluble dyes are converted
by chemical treatment, such as sulphonation, into water-soluble
dyes for use in textile dj^eing, they may be considered as partly
completed dyes.
The output of color-lake and spirit-soluble dyes in 1925 was
1,606,795 pounds, or 1.9 per cent of the total output of all dyes pro-
duced. This production is a 65 per cent increase over 1924. Imports
of this group were 57,540 pounds, or 1.1 per cent of all dyes imported
Food Dyes
Dyes classified under this group include a limited number of selected
dyes which meet the specifications of the Bureau of Chemistry,
Department of Agriculture. The total production of food dyes in
1925 was 263,005 pounds, with sales of 272,933 pounds, valued at
$996,229. Production in 1924 was 264,178 pounds, and in 1921, the
first year in which they were separately compiled, 50,709 pounds.
The average value of the sales was $3.65 per pound in 1925, as com-
pared with $3.48 in 1924 and $5.80 in 1921.
EXPORT TRADE INCREASES
Exports of coal-tar dyes in 1925 increased 64 per cent by quantity
and 19 per cent by value over 1924 as shown in Table 21. The
average value per pound was 25.9 cents. The principal markets are
China, Japan, and Canada; British India, and the Central and South
American countries are smaller purchasers. In 1925 Russia bought
76,861 pounds for $57,895. Indigo and Sulphur black make up the
bulk of the dyes exported; the remainder are largely the tonnage
direct dyes. Exports of Indigo in 1925 reflect the peak production of
this dye, namely, over 29,000,000 pounds. Total sales in 1925
amounted to 24,449,900 pounds, of which only about 9,000,000
pounds were consumed in this country. Following the big drop in
our export trade in 1921 from the peak year 1920, there began a
gradual improvement. Despite the severity of competition in world
markets, domestic manufacturers have for several years been obtain-
ing a share of the trade in Indigo and Sulphur black in China and
other countries.
Table 21 shows the total exports of dyes from the United States
from 1920 to 1925.
Table 21. — Exports of coal-tar dyes from the United States, 1920-1925
Year
Pound
Value
1920
$29, 823, 591
1921
6, 270, 139
1922
8, 344, 187
17, 924, 200
15, 713, 428
25,799,889
3, 99t), 443
1923..
5, 565, 267
1924
5, 636, 244
1925 . .
6, 694, 360
Details as to the quantity and value of exports to the various
countries are shown in Part VII. The Dye Census of 1924, Table 22,
page 58, gives monthly exports from 1919 to 1924, inclusive, and the
Dye Census of 1918 gives exports back to 1909.
DYES AND OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS
00
Table 22 shows by months the total exports of dves from the United
States from 1922 to April, 1926, inclusive.
Table 22.^Do)nestic exports of dyes, by months, 1922-1926 {four months)
Month
1922
Color lakes
Pounds
Value
other colors, etc.
Pounds
Value
Total
Pounds
Value
January I 5,059
February. : 6,796
March i 3,612
April i 8,446
May 401
June , 282
July I 356
August { 593
September : 341
October I 576
November : 1,702
December 1 64
Total 28,228 19,
;4, 188
5,124
3,162
2,105
500
361
249
411
607
890
2,228
103
364, 971
298, 364
708, 792
581, 367
328, 733
398, 975
726, 624
896, 701
664, 348
954, 922
1,084,890
1,307,272
$325, 048
230, 544
405, 250
271, 571
227, 898
222, 370
364, 737
383, 692
304, 022
399, 439
395, 579
446, 365
370, 030
305, 160
712, 404
589, 813
329, 134
399, 257
726, 980
897, 294
664, 689
955, 498
1, 086, 592
1, 307, 336
$329, 236
235, 668
408,412
273, 676
228, 398
222, 731
364, 986
384, 103
304, 629
400, 329
397, 807
446, 468
8,315,959 3,976,515
8,344,187 3,996,443
1923
1924
19251
1926 >
Month
Colors, dyes, and
stains
Colors, dyes, and
stains
Colors, dyes, and
stains
Colors, dyes, and
stains
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
January
February
March
April . . .
821, 847
1, 338, 395
1, 606, 168
1,690,402
1, 830, 068
1, 002, 256
2, 915, 531
1, 008, 878
1,514.228
1, 543, 869
1, 390, 927
1, 261, 631
$332, 008
443, 505
513, 129
498, 421
539, 358
383, 321
778, 168
388, 815
402, 751
474,215
433, 892
377, 684
1,432,721
1, 739, 400
1, 244, 264
1,014,824
751, 152
1, 288, 177
1, 818, 873
2, 083, 628
970, 880
1, 079, 935
1, 267, 978
1, 021, 596
$494, 666
571,776
408,029
344, 605
323, 917
410, 314
555, 615
667, 696
437, 352
538, 099
505, 546
378, 629
2, 006, 681
2,067,046
1, 990, 398
2, 172, 425
2, 076, 516
2, 127, 507
2, 080, 588
2,205,476
2,511,898
1,717,766
1, 840, 426
3, 004, 553
$657, 919
602, 316
554,111
674, 799
491, 578
527, 883
488, 416
535,093
612,867
466, 910
401, 575
680, 689
1,552,335
1, 610, 625
2,924,695
1,666,344
$416,975
403,949
696, 538
425, 792
May
June
July
August
September..
October
November
December
Total. -
17, 924, 200
5, 565, 267
15,713,428
5, 636, 244
25, 801, 280
6, 694, 156
I Preliminary figures.
OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS
Color Lakes
Description. — A color lake is an insoluble color pigment. It is
commonly made by precipitating a coloring matter (a coal-tar dye)
on a carrier (the base). The desired properties of a color lake are
good coloring power, easy workability, brightness, and fastness to
weather, light, alkali, and acids. The precipitating agents used for
coal-tar colors are barium chloride, lead salts, aluminum hydroxide,
and tannin or tannin tartar-emetic. Among the more important
carriers are aluminium hydroxide, zinc white, lithopone, barytes,
whiting, China clay and certain native clays, and ocher. The
principal requirements of a carrier are (1) ready reduction to a finely
divided state and (2) absence of any deleterious effect on the shade
of the finished lake. The coloring matter includes groups of coal-tar
5919— 26t 5
56 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
dyes known as acid dyes, basic dyes, and mordant dyes, as well as
certain azo dyes produced directly on the carrier. An example of
the latter is Para red produced from the intermediate p-nitroaniline
and b-naphthol. Another group of color lakes is made by »the
precipitation of a water-soluble acid dye, with the aid of a mineral
salt to form an insoluble product.
After precipitation the insoluble lake is filtered, dried, and ground
with or without oil; it is then ready for use as a pigment in paints,
lithographic inks, artist's colors, wall paper, rubber products, and
for other coloring purposes.
Production. — The total production of color lakes in 1925 was
11,414,753 pounds, a 22 per cent increase over 1924. Sales in 1925
amounted to 11,308,444 pounds, valued at $5,544,371. Production
in 1923 was 13,079,115 pounds.
Photographic Chemicals
Because of their strong reducing properties, coal-tar chemicals of
this class are used for developing photographic films, plates, and
prints. They are popularly known as "developers," but are sold
under a variety of trade names.
The total output of photographic chemicals in 1925 was 327,041
pounds as compared with 316,183 pounds in 1924. Hydroquinol,
with an output of 208,857 pounds, continued to lead this group.
Metol, produced in next largest quantity, recorded a slight decrease.
p-Hydroxy phenylglycine and diaminophenol hydrochloride showed
increases in production. The average selling price of each of the
two last mentioned and of metol was lower in 1925 than in 1924.
Medicinals
Description. — Coal-tar products of this group include many com-
pounds essential to the treatment of serious types of disease, and
are therefore of the utmost importance to our national welfare. A
notable feature in the recent history of the domestic coal-tar chem-
ical industry is the development of new medicinals and new methods
of utilizing them. Research now under way points to further dis-
coveries of great value to humanity.
Production. — The total production of coal-tar medicinals in 1925
was 3,237,796 pounds, a 9 per cent gain over the previous year.
Sales in 1925 were 3,294,827 pounds, valued at $6,331,918.
Among the important synthetic medicinals made in the United
States separate statistics may be given for the following:
Neoarsphenamine (3-diamino-4-dihydroxy-l-arsenobenzene meth-
anol sulphoxylate) is used for combating syphilis and other pro-
tozoan infections. Six firms reported a total production in 1925 of
3,289 pounds. Sales amounted to 3,470 pounds, valued at $1,125,143,
which means that there were stocks on hand carried over from pro
duction at an earlier period.
There has been a drop in the output of arsphenamine each year
since 1921; production in 1925 was 278 pounds as compared with
555 pounds in 1924 and 865 pounds in 1922. Sales in 1925 were
350 poimds, valued at $103,055. Sulfoarsphenamine, with a pro-
duction of 734 pounds in 1925, showed a slight decline. Sales in
1925 were 779 pounds, valued at $329,349.
DYES AND OTHEE FINISHED COAL-TAE PEODUCTS 57
Aspirin, the leading medicinal in quantity of output, with a total of
1,499,166 pounds, showed an increase of nearly 10 per cent. Sales
were 1,476,058 pounds, valued at $1,025,610 — a unit value of 69.5
cents per pound.
Sodium salicylate, with a production of 415,465 pounds, recorded
a slight increase. Sales amounted to 443,961 pounds, valued at
$163,514.
Acetanilide, w^th an output of 158,756 pounds, registered a drop
of nearly 63 per cent. Sales for 1925, however, amounted to 363,510
pounds, valued at $112,751.
Luminal and luminal sodium, useful hypnotics in nervous insomnia
and in the treatment of epilepsy, were made in 1925 and 1924, but
not in 1923.
Notable increases occurred in the production of Aminopyrene,
Benzocaine, Benzyl succinate, b-Naphthol benzoate, Phenolphtha-
lein, Procaine, Salol, and certain salicylates.
Among medicinals that were either reported for the first time in
1925 or were not reported in 1924 are: Bismuth subsalicylate. Brilliant
green, Bromeikon, Caffeine sodium benzoate. Copper sulfophenolate,
o-Hydroxyquinoline sulfate, lodeikon, Mercurosal, Methyl-p-hydroxy-
aminobenzoate, Para fuchsine, Stovarsol, Triphenylstilbene sulfide,
Trypan blue, and Tryparsamide.
Flavors and Perfume Materials
Description. — There is no sharp line of demarcation between these
two classes of coal-tar chemicals, many of them being used both as
flavors for food products and perfumes for soaps and other toilet
articles. Separate classification is therefore in certain cases purely
arbitrary.
Production oj flavors. — The total production of flavors in 1925 was
2,207,102 pounds, a 26 per cent increase over the previous year.
Sales in 1925 were 2,148,904 pounds, valued at $1,409,311, a unit
value of 66 cents a pound as compared with 87 cents in 1924.
Methylsalicylate, a flavor used largely as an artificial winter-
green, again led this group in quantity and value. The output was
1,819,822 pounds, which was a 42 per cent increase over 1924. Sales
amounted to 1,802,669 pounds, valued at $711,502.
Coumarin was reported by six firms in 1925. Production was
104,363 pounds, a decline of 19 per cent from 1924. Sales in 1925
were 104,054 pounds, valued at $309,596, or $2.98 per pound. All
other flavors showed declines in production.
Dulcin (p-phenetol carbamide), a sweet substance used as a sub-
stitute for saccharin, was first reported in 1925.
Production of perfumes. — The output of perfume materials of coal-
tar origin in 1925 was 2,335,024 pounds, a 23 per cent increase over
the previous year. Sales w^ere 2,370,728 pounds, valued at $883,617,
an average value of 37 cents a pound, as compared with 49 cents in
1924.
Diethyl phthalate again led in quantity of production and in value
of sales. The output in 1925 was 2,099,181 pounds, which was a 25
per cent increase over 1924. Sales were 2,137,340 pounds, valued at
$657,538. The average sales value per pound of 31 cents was a decline
of 7 cents from 1924.
58
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEB SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Dibutyl phthalate and phenylacetic aldehyde showed a large
increase in production in 1925, and diphenyl oxide, benzyl benzoate,
and benzylidine acetone a decline.
Among the new products reported for the first time in 1925 were
butyl phenylacetate, p-cresol methyl ether, ethyl anthranilate, and
phenyl ethyl proprionate.
Imports. — Table 23 shows imports for consumption of synthetic
aromatic chemicals of coal-tar origin taken from the monthly lists
of imports of items coming within paragraphs 27 and 28 of the tariff
act of 1922. This list was prepared jointly by the chemical divisions
of the Department of Commerce and the United States Tariff Com-
mission.
Table 23. — Imports into the United States of synthetic aromatic chemicals of coal-
tar origin, 1925
Acetophenone
Acetyl butyl xylene
Acetyl toluene
Ambrogene
Amyl phenylacetate
Amyl salicylate,-.
Anisic aldehyde
Azo benzene
Balsam Peru
Benzaldehyde
Benzophenone
Benzoic acid
Benzyl acetate
Benzyl alcohol
Benzyl benzoate
Benzyl buty rate
Benzyl cinnamate
Benzyl formate
Benzyl isoeugenol
Benzyl propionate
Benzyl salicylate.
Benzyl valerianate
Benzylidene acetone
Bigaradine
Bromstyrol
Butyl ketone
B utyl xylene
Butyl xylene residue
Centaurea crystals
Cetone D
Cinnamic acid ethyl ester.....
Cinnamic aldehyde
Cinnamol
Coumarin
Craetsegon
Diethyl phthalate
Dimethyl anthranilate
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol
Dimethyl hydroquinone
Dimethyl phenyl carbinol
Dimethyl phthalate
Diphenyl methane
Di phenyl oxide _
E thyl anthranilate
Ethyl butylphenate residue...
Ethyl chloroacetate
Ethyl cinnamate
Ethyl methylphenyl glycidate
Ethyl phenylacetate
Ethyl phenato residue..
Ethyl phenylacetic acid.
Ethyl salicylate..
Gardenal
Holiotropine crystals. :
Hyacinth, absolute
Pounds
813
5
29
1,102
30
1,708
581
5
2
10,802
777
125
13, 596
3,465
10, 349
48
20
21
13
114
254
2
204
3
95
1,186
4,244
5
15
110
30
4,333
11
1,083
500
3,254
61
1
88
14
330
111
723
8
5
661
164
26
37
25
10
5
781
3,116
341
Name
Hyacinth, compound
Indol
Isobutyl butyrate
Isobutyl phenyl acetate
Jacinthe
Jacinthe absolute
Metacresol acetate
Methyl acetate
Methyl acetophenone
Methyl anthranilate
Methyl methyl anthranilate
diethyl cinnamate
Methyl nonyl acetic aldehyde
Methyl paracresol
Methyl phenyl acetate
Methyl salicylate
Musk ambrette
Musk ambrette residue
Musk ketone
Musk tonkin
Musk xylene
INIusk xylene residue
Neroline
Oleo musk
Paramino benzoic acid
Paracresol acetate
Paracresol methyl ether
Paracresyl phenyl acetate
Paramethyl tetra hydroquinoline
Phenylacetic acid.,
Phenylacetic aldehyde.
Phenylacetic aldehyde residue...
Phenylethyl acetate
Phenylethyl alcohol
Phenylethyl benzoate
Phenylethyl butyrate
Phenylethyl cinnamate
Phenyh'thyl formate
Phenylethyl propionate
Phenylethyl valerianate
Phenylpropyl acetate
Phen yl propyl alcohol
Phenylpropyl aldehyde _
Phenyl propyl formate
Phenylglycolmethylene acetate...
Phenylol residue.
Resin , artificial
Rhodinol P
Skatol
Vanillin
Vertena D..
Yara yara
Total
Pounds
300
40
5
75
310
122
2
20
964
5,009
114
137
2
97
272
1
12, 674
2,455
5,226
28
22, 913
105
640
1,541
11
110
45
10
2
743
2,288
25
233
13, 996
2
26
2
6
137
3
35
38
5
3
2
55
200
22
73
316
17
145
137, 038
DYES AND OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS 59
Synthetic Phenolic Resins
The commercial manufacture of synthetic phenolic resin is dis-
tinctly an American achievement developed after years of careful
research and engineering work. These resins are made by con-
densing phenol or cresol with formaldehyde in the presence of an
alkali, such as ammonia, or with hexamethylenetetramine.
The uses for synthetic resins are so numerous that they have been
popularly called "the material of a thousand uses." By far the
largest use is as a binder in the production of molded insulation prod-
ucts, such as laminated sheets and panels for automobile and radio
parts. Their high dielectric constant renders them especially
valuable insulating material. The clear or transparent phenolic
resins are used as substitutes for amber in the manufacture of cigarette
and cigar holders, pipe bits and sockets, and in the manuiacture of
beads and other articles of personal adornment, mechanical pencils,
fountain pens, and many other articles. Other uses are in the
manufacture of varnishes and lacquers for insulating purposes and
in the production of cements.
The production of synthetic phenolic resins in 1925 increased
greatly over that of 1924, which in turn was greater than the output
in 1923. The publication of figures, however, would be a virtual
disclosure of the production of an individual company. The com-
bined output of synthetic resins and synthetic tanning materials in
1925 was 14,687,074 pounds, as compared with 12,778,115 pounds
in 1924.
This industry is the principal consumer of phenol and is also one
of the largest users of cresylic acid and formaldehyde. Its large
consumption of phenol since the World War has resulted in a greatly
increased output of phenol in this country.
Synthetic Tanning Materials
The synthetic tanning materials known as "syntans" have come
into commercial use in Germany and England since 1912. As they
have not yet been used extensively in this country, it is possible that
they will be increasingly consumed in the tanning of leather in con-
junction with natural tanning extracts. Production figures can not
be published without disclosing the operations of individual con-
cerns. The output in 1925 recorded a slight decline from 1924.
Synthetic tans are made by the condensation of certain coal-tar
derivatives, such as the sulfonated phenols, cresols, and naphthols,
with formaldehyde in the presence of an acid. They are commonly
used in conjunction with the natural tanning extracts. Their use
is reported to result in (1) an economy of the time required for
tanning, (2) a satisfactory leather of light color, and (3) a reduction
in the amount of natural extract required.
60
CENSUS OF DYES AXD OTHEK SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
STATISTICS OF PRODUCTION
Table 24. — Production and sales of dyes and other finished coal-tar products,
1925
[The number in the first column identifies the dyes according to the Colour index number and the number
in the second column according to the 1914 edition of the Schultz tables. The third column gives the
common name of the product. The numbers in the fourth column refer to the numbered alphabetical
list of manufacturers printed on page 221. An X signifies that a manufacturer did not consent to the publi-
cation of his identification number in connection therewith. A blank in the fifth and sixth columns
Indicates that the sales figures can not be published without revealing information in regard to the
output of individual firms. A blank in the eighth column indicates that the production of the corre-
sponding dye in the United States can not be published without revealing information in regard to the
output of individual firms. The figures thus concealed are, however, included in the total)
6
Common name
Manufacturer's iden-
tification number
(according to list on
p. 221)
Sales
Color Index I
Schultz No.
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
pound
Production
i
Total finished coal-
tar products.
NITROSO COLORING
MATTERS
Naphthol green
NITRO COLORING
MATTERS
Naphthol yellow S
Pigment chlorine
AZO COLORING MATTERS
Monoazo coloring matters
Acid vellow O.. _
Pounds
112, 671, 779
$60,811,400
$0.54
Pounds
120, 554, 228
S
4
7
8
T37
8, 54.
10
79, 165.-
i
13
X
1
16
53, 54, 114.--
2,001
54, 740
26, 963
633, 402
179, 368
2,228
1. 11
17 ! 68
Spirit yellow R.
9, 31, 38, 114, X
9, 31, 38, 79, X.
50.112 i .92 57.271
19 ! 32
Butter vellow
23,474 ! .87 1 1.3.898
20 33
Chrysoidine Y _ .
8, 9, 27, 31, 36, 53, 75,
79, 114.
8, 9, 31, 38, 53, 54, 75,
79, 114.
79.
273, 389
80, 205
.43 1 756,062
21 ' 34
Chrysoidinp R
.45 167,257
22
Oil yellow AB..
23 35
Sudan Q
31
24
36
37
38
Sudani
31, 38, 79, 114, 119, X..
9, 114, 150
51,849
39, 749
.77
42, 911
?6
Croceine orange
Orange Q
27
27, 31, 53, 75, 87, 114,
150.
114, 116, 119
137, 432
8, 981
29,031
251, 580
71, 825
9,779
.52
1.09
180, 113
29 ' 40
Chromotrope 2R
Fast acid fuchsine B_..
Amido naphthol red O..
Brilliant sulphon red...
Azo orseille R
30 '• 41
31 1 42
32 182
9, 31, 39, 114, 119
8, 9, 31, 36, 38, 53, 69,
75, 114, 128, 129.
116
16, 550 . 57
132,269 1 .53
33, 760
257, 654
34
44
45
48
58
61
64
65
67
66
63
"70"
72
73
76
82
106
107
109
116
3."i
Brilliant lake red R
Chrome yellow 2G.
C hrome yellow R
Victoria violet _.
104
[
36
40
53
8, 9, 27, 36, 39, 46, 75,
114, 122, 128, X.
8, 9, 27, 36, 38, 39, 53,
75, 128, 150, X.
8, 36, 114, 119, 129
116, 119, 150..-
129, 090
125, 962
33, 840
53,861 .42
57, 017 . 45
28, 660 i . 85
92, 058
117, 073
25, 071
54
Lanafuchsine-.
55
Azo coralline.- ..
69, 75
- -- - r
56
Chromotrope 6B
Amido naphthol red 6B.
Azo acid blue
114, 119
!
57
59
8, 9, 31, 36, 53, 69, 75,
114, 119, 129.
39
156, 251
86, 160
.55
161, 143
fil
Oil yellow OB
Brilliant orange 0
Pigment orange R
Toluidinered RL
Sudan II
Ponceau 2R
79
63
150
68
X
-
m
60-
73
79
9,31,38,53,79,114, X..
8, 9, 27, 31, 36, 75, 114,
119, 150.
31
36, 777
425, 877
38, 186 i. 04
216,625 1 .51
34, 195
371, 694
82
Naphthylamine Bor-
deaux.
Chrome brown A
Acid claret B
83
150
85
150
1
DYES AND OTHEE FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS
61
Table 24. — Production and sales of dyes and other finished coal-tar products,
1925 — Continued
d
6
_c
"c
O
d
Is
"3
■g
Common name
Manufacturer's iden-
tification number
(according to list on '
p. 221)
Sales
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
pound
Production
88
112
114
89
88
102
93
94
100
"iir
119
121
134
139
141
143
W4
145
147
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
160
161
162
163
164
166
167
168
169
173
177
178
180
181
183
184
186
188
189
200
202
190
194
195
197
211
213
221
217
AZO COLORING MATTERS—
continued
Monoazo coloring mat-
ters—ConiinnGi
Bordeaux B
8, 9, 27, 31, 36, 38, 53,
79, 114, 119, 150.
119. . .
Pounds
122, 221
$68, 570
$0.56
Pounds
103, 604
90
C hromotrope lOB
Metachrome brown B..
Acid chrome brown R..
Chrome flavine G
Sudan R
101
8, 27, 53, 114, 128..
8, 53.
99, 234
62, 710
.63
105
110
75, 116
113
119
114
Azo eosine C
119. 129
119
Eosamine G .
119
122
Chrome vellow 5G
Erica 2 ON . .
54.
1
126
119, 131
128
Direct pink
59, 114, 131 .
130
Erica B
119
138
Metanil yellow
9, 36, 53, 54, 75, 79, 114,
165.
54, 128
490, 926
337, 212
.69
586, 307
143
Orange IV
14fi
Azo yellow . . . _ .
9.31.53,54,75,114,165-.
38, 79, 165
128,215
16, 556
113,050
13, 504
.88
.82
128, 550
148
Resorcin yellow
Orange I-
150
31
151
Orange II -
9, 27, 31, 36, 38, 53, 79,
114.
53
1, 402, 169
405, 852
.29
1, 359, 304
154
Azo fuchsine 6B
Orange R
161
53, 79, 114
107, 421
46, 734
41, 347
97, 451
.38
2.09
133, 292
163
Lake red 4B
9,36,53
65, 739
165
Lake red C. .
8, 53, 104, 150, 153
167
Acid chrome brown B..
Acid chrome garnet R.,
Chrome violet B
Chrome black PV
Fast brown N . _ . . . .
39, 114, 116
14, 197
14, 131
.99
168
114
169
53, 114, 116
5,808
7,432
1.28
170
53, 114
175
176
Fast red A - -
27, 31, 36, 53, 79, 114,
119, 128, 150.
38
137, 603
94,880
.69
127, 823
177
Brilliant fast red G
Azo rubine
179
8,31,36,53,75,91,114,
119.
8, 9, 36, 75, 114, 116,
119, 129.
8
226, 201
139, 068
171, 822
120, 587
.76
.87
193, 430
180
Fast red VR
115,394
182
Fast red E
183
Croceine scarlet 3B
Amaranth
36
184
31,36,79, 114, 119,150..
27, 31, 75, 114, 150
29, 368
18, 516
.63
185
189
Lake red R
36, 56,60, 150, 153, X,X.
8, 9, 36, 114
278, 298
17, 827
238, 955
10, 139
.86
.57
302, 022
195
Mordant yellow
Chrome yellow RN
Chrome blue black B._.
Chrome blue black U...
Chrome black T
Chrome black A
197
114
201
36, 75, 116
202
203
8, 9, 31, 36, 53, 75, 114,
116, 119, 128, 150.
31, 36, 53, 75, 116
851, 161
369,914
.42
851,540
204
207
36, 53, 75, 114, 116
53
143, 654
79, 580
.55
98, 526
208
209
Fast acid blue R
Fast acid blue B
8, 53, 75, 114, 116
114
205, 669
133, 701
.65
203, 014
214
X
216
31, 36, 38, 53, 75, 114,
119, X.
131
69, 848
55, 112
.79
220
Direct brown 5R
Direct pink R
225
59, 119, 131
227
Direct scarlet SG
Direct scarlet G
Disazo coloring matters
Resorcin brown B
Resorcin dark brown...
Acid chrome brown G..
Acid black lOB
59, 116, 131, X
8,477
12, 595
1.49
8,817
228
69 131
234
235
8, 36, 38, 53, 69, 75, 79,
114, 122, 128, 129.
8, 9, 31, 38, 114
211, 602
138, 421
.65
243, 420
238
53
246
8, 9, 31, 36, 38, 39, 53,
75, 114, 119, 122, 128,
129, 150.
1, 291, 729
704, 248
.55
1, 191, 137
62
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 24. — Production and sales of dyes and other finished coal-tar products ■.
1925 — Continued
Common name
Manufacturer's iden-
tification number
(according to list on
p. 221)
Sales
Quantity
Value
Aver-
j age
I price
! per
pound
Production
294
296
297
303
304
307
311
312
313
319
320
322
326
327
332
333
336
337
342
351
340
341
343
344
349
355
362
363
365
378
382
385
Azo COLORING MAT-
TEES— Continued
Disazo coloring mat-
ters— Continued
Azo dark green. .-
Brilliant croceine-
Ponceau 5R._
Cloth red 3G.
Sudan IV
Cloth red 2B
Neutral gray G.
Milling orange Q
Cloth scarlet G
Direct fast red 8 BL
Scarlet EC
Fast cvanine 5R
Acid black B. _...
Chrome black F
Diamond green
Fast acid black N2B....
Fast cj'anine black B..-
Naphthylamine black
D.
Brilliant croceine 9B
Diaminogen.-
Direct fast scarlet—
Bismarck brown
Bismarck brown 2R
Acid chrome black F-_.
Acid chrome black SN .
Chrome fast yellow C _ .
Direct fast yellow 5GL
Direct fast pink 2BL...
Paper yellow
Chrysophenine G
i Congo red
Direct orange TA
Congo Corinth G
Direct rubine
Direct scarlet B.
Bordeaux
Direct violet B..
Direct violet O..
Direct violet N..
Direct fast red 9BL
Developed black BHN.
Direct cyanine R-
Directblue2B...
Chrysamine G
Cresotine yellow G.
Direct orange R-..
Direct fast red R
Direct fast red F...
Direct brown M.
I Direct brown B
I Chrome red
I Direct orange R
Benzopurpurine 4B.
Benzopurpurine B..
! Direct blue R
; Direct mauve B
j Direct blue 3R
1 Direct blue BX
38
9,31,36,53,75,
150.
31
(9, 114,
$176, 007
53,54 _._
9, 31, 36, 38, 53, 79, 114,
X.
8, 36, 54, 114, 116, 128_
119
116
54,79 ---
116
9,54, 114, 116
53,75, 114, 116
8, 114, 116
8,36, 53, 114, 119
8,53
36, 119
53,75, 114,116
53,75, 119
26, 179
30, 313
25, 008
29, 110
23, 202
274, 913
15, 479
98,205
25, 465
227, 127
15, 804
79, 282
149, 412
15, 510
125, 832
11, 134
31-..
53
36, 53, 114, 119
31, 36, 53, 75,79, 114...
8, 9, 31, 36, 38, 53, 54,
75, 79, 114.
116....
116
242, 289
146, 220
493, 691
395, 796
68, 434
224, 122
53
53 ,
53,114,119
53,59, 114, 119
63, 114, 119
114.
8,9,31,44,75,114,119,
122.
36, X
53, 114, X
8,36
36, 114, 119
116, 119
9,31,36,53,91,114,116,
119, 122, 129.
53.
75, 243
451, 640
102, 097
351, 648
140, 823
128, 796
32, 515
'36," 255
'68,'66i'
50, 080
"83," 524
8, 9, 31, 36, 46, 53, 114,
119, 122.
114
8, 9, 31, 36, 39, 46, 53,
114, 119, 122, 129, X.
9, 36,39, 53, 114, X...
114
36,39, 53,75, 119
X.
694, 577
402, 858
8,9,31,36,53,114,116,
119, 122, 129.
8,9,31,36,38,44,53,59,
114, 116, 119, 122, 129.
128
119
9, 114
9,31,36,53, 114, 119...
8,44
119
114
114....
36, 114, 119
761, 786
9,035
256, 111
7,465
64, 741
"i37,"7i6
144, 056
44, 775
"i36,"834
111, 507
438, 160
288, 130
35, 072
24,454
$0.95
.96
1.10
.83
1.02
.81
.84
.72
1.63
.47
.45
1.36
.78
.91
1.54
"i."08
"i.'22
.58
.70
Pounds
204, 629-
23, 153
25, 504
22, 607
242, 566
117, 087
145, 776
18, 527
256, 457
158, 544
477, 764
87,504
459, 595
161, 408^
49, 389
"§7," 227
87, 532
619, 447
"787," 074
82, 960'
"117," 642
123, 370-
396, 895
DYES AND OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS
63
Table 24. — Production and sales of dyes and other finished coal-tar products,
1925 — Continued
Common name
Manufacturer's iden-
tification number
(according to list on
p. 221)
Sales
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
pound
Production
436
441
449
457
456
462
463
464
469
470
471
474
475
476
Azo COLORING MAT-
TERS—continued
Disazo coloring mat-
ters— Continued
Direct blue G ..-
Direct blue 3B
Direct orange G
Acid milling red
Benzopurpurine lOB..
Direct azurine G
Direct brilliant blue G.
Direct blue RW.
Direct blue B.
Direct pure blue 6B
Direct pure blue
Pounds
Pounds
Trisazo coloring matters
Direct fast black FF....
Diazo black RS..
Direct brown B
Direct brown 2G
Direct fast blue B
Direct black EW
53
8,31,36,38,114,119..
9,114,119
116, X
9, 36, 53. 114, 119
9,53,114,119
119....
9,36,53,114,119
114
9,36,53, 114, 119
8, 9, 36, 53, 114, 119,
128, 129.
8, 36, 39, 53, 114.
114,119 -.
8,119
112, 954
$52, 309
$0.46
115, 862
32, 259
42, 186
1.31
35, 854
9,778
87, 221
.97
89,438
383, 186
176, 120
166, 487
370, 475
117,111
116, 336
.97
.66
.70
370, 175
169, 893
173, 616
Direct black RX
Direct green ET
Direct black N
Chloramine green B.
Direct steel blue 3G.
Direct green B
Direct green G
Direct brown 3 GO.
Congo brown G.
Congo brown R.
Tetrakisazo coloring mat-
ters
Direct brown O
Direct brown B
All other azo coloring
matters.
Total azo coloring
matters.
STILBENE COLORING
MATTERS
Direct yellow R
Chloramine orange G.
Stilbene yellow
PYRAZOLONE COLORING
MATTERS
Fast light yellow 2G...
Fast light yellow
Tartrazine.-
Chrome red B
Pyrazol orange GR
KETONIMINE COLORING
MATTERS
493 1 Auramine.
5919— 26t-
53,114
8,9,31,36,53,114,119,
122, 128.
9,36,39,53,114,119...
8,9,39,44,114,122....
119
8,9,119
9,119
8, 9, 36, 44, 53, 59, 114,
119, 122, 128.
8,36,44,53,119,122, X
8, 9, 31, 36, 38, 44, 53,
59, 75, 114, 119, 122,
X.
36, 53, 75, 114, 119,
131, X.
8,53...- -
5, 527, 264
343, 255
83,395
1, 862, 514
154, 175
56, 259
.45
.67
5, 142, 147
276, 051
94,970
279, 458
60, 920
841, 636
141,366
171,290
42, 317
369, 926
112,375
31, 38, 44, 59, 119, 122.
59,119....
43, 961
2, 219, 828
31, 629
'2,'265,"92§'
25, 539, 246
15,498,783
.61
.69
.44
.79
230, 495
51,496
808,707
151,193
30, 182
1.02
2, 293, 739
25, 005, 444
8,31,36,38, 59, 69,70,
114, lis, 129, 131.
8, 59, 70, 114, 119, 129.
36,53, 59,69,70
403, 554
126,150
244, 638
119, 115
9, 53, 114, 116, 134..
36,116, 134, X
27, 75, 114, 134, 164.
53,116
9
62, 069
506, 836
151,253
'34i,'669'
53,97,114, X
528, 840
538, 885 1. 02
.61
.94
413, 432
113, 086
2.44
59, 423
'545,'3i8
64
CENSUS OP DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 24. — Production and sales of dyes and other finished coal-tar products f
1925 — Continued
d
a
O
6
CO
1
QQ
Common Dame
Manufacturer's iden-
tification number
(according to list on
p. 221)
Sales
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
pound
Production
657
495
499
502
503
505
506
512
513
515
516
517
521
528
530
531
536
538
539
543
545
548
555
558
559
562
564
566
573
571
582
585
587
592
596
597
603
604
606
613
TRIPHENYLM ETHANE
AND DIPHENYLNAPH-
THYLMETHANE COLOR-
ING MATTERS
Malachite green
53, 114, 183
Pounds
169, 431
$260, 788
$1.54
Pounds
178, 65a
662
183
666
Acid green B
34, 36, 53, 114, 129
114
76, 101
99, 225
1.30
75, 690
667
Brilliant acid green B_.
670
53
671
Erioglaucine
Magenta
114
677
36, 47, 79. 83, 114, 140,
150, X.
114
62, 686
113,585
1.81
60, 283
678
New fuchsine 0
Methyl violet .
680
47, 53, 79, 87, 88, 114,
119, X.
53
675, 873
671,352
.99
649, 900
.681
Crystal violet .
683
Methyl violet 5B
Spirit blue
114
689
79, 140
696
Fast acid violet lOB
Acid violet
53 --
698
34, 36, 53, 69, 114, 129..
114
181, 275
269, 772
1.49
191, 240
699
Acid fast violet B
Alkali blue
704
36, 47, 79, 83, 87, 114,
150.
83
706
Methyl cotton blue
Soluble blue
707
36,47, 79, 83, 114
114
77, 875
190, 374
2.44
64,047
712
Patent blue
714
Patent blue A
34, 114
717
Acid violet 6BN..
53
724
53 ---
728
Victoria blue R ..-
53
729
Victoria blue B.
53
733
Fast acid blue
53
735
Naphthalene green V...
53, 114
737
53, 69, 75, 129 . . . .
219, 286
74, 237
124, 564
79, 130
.57
1.07
238, 607
74, 332
All other triphenylme-
thane and diphenyl-
naphthylmethane col-
oring matters.
Total triphenyl-
methane and di-
phenylnaph-
thylmethane
coloring mat-
ters.
XANTHONE COLORING
MATTERS
2,068,054
3,031,914
1.47
2,083,447
48, 53
749
752
Rhodamine 6G
53 ---
758
Fast acid violet A2R--.
53 . . ---
766
79
768
9, 48, 79, 87
773
Erythrosine B
9, 48, 53, 79
2,170
778
Phlo.xine
53, 79 ..
779
79
All other .\anthone col-
oring matters.
Total xanthone
coloring mat-
ters.
ACRIDINE COLORING
MATTERS
Acridine orange A
Acridinc orange R
Phosphine
68, 747
132, 753
1.93
68, 738.
272, 434
499, 324
1.83
351, 102
134 .
788
792
134
[
793
53, 79, 114, 134
149, 544
232, 583
1.56
166, 315.
801
QUINOLINE COLORING
MATTERS
Quinoline yellow
26, 114
DYES AND OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS
65
Table 24. — Production and sales of dyes and other finished coal-tar products,
1925 — Continued
Common name
Manufacturers' iden-
tification number
(according to list on
p. 221)
Sales
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
pound
Production
700
923
659
C60
667
THIA?OLE COLORING
MATTERS
Primuline
Direct pure yellow M _ .
Direct fast yellow
Thioflavine T
Direct brilliant flavine
S.
AZINE COLORING MAT-
TERS
Azo carmine Q
Safr ani ne
Safranine 6B
Kosolane O
Induline(spirit-soluble)
Induline(water-soluble)
Nigrosine (spirit-solu-
ble).
Nigrosine (water-solu-
ble).
All other azine coloring
matters.
Total azine color-
ing matters.
ANIUNE BLACK AND AL-
LIED COLORING MATTERS
New fast gray-
Fur black
OXAZINE COLORING
MATTERS
Delphine blue B
Qallocyanine
Gallo chrome blue V-
Cotton blue
THL\ZINE COLORING
MATTERS
Methylene blue
Methylene green B
Brilliant chrome blue..
SULPHIDE COLORING
MATTERS
Carbazole vat blue R.
Carbazole vat blue G.
Sulphur black
Sulphur blue
Sulphur brown .
Sulphur green,-.
Sulphur maroon.
Sulphur Olive
Sulphur orange. .
Sulphur purple..
Sulphur tan
Sulphur yellow..
Total sulphide
coloring matters.
59, 114, 119, 131
119, 131 ----
59, 69, 114, 119, 131.
119
131 -.
Pounds
191, 280
$121,903
$0.64
197, 543
208, 923
53
53, 114, 138
114
53
31, 75, 79, 114
75, 79, 114
27, 31, 75, 79, 114.
120, 327
447, 939
27,75,79,114 1,175,689
71, 604
27,119—
71. 100, 150, X.
39, 114
9, 27, 114, 185.
114
9, 39, 91, 114..
27, 114, 183.
114, 183
69,75
2, 026, 946
83, 247
201, 053
497, 909
78, 136
.45
.42
1.09
1, 098, 013
,54
72, 210
35, 050
53, 91
53
53, 75, 91, 114, X
17,36,39,53,75,91,114,
119, X.
4, 9, 17, 36, 39. 40, 48, .'^3,
74, 75, 91, 114, 169, X,
X X
8, 39' 40, 53, 75, 114,119,
169.
8, 9,39, 53, 75,91, X,X.
39, 40, 53, 75, 119, 169_
36, 39,75, X, X
39
8, 36, 40, 75, 169, X, X
4, 17, 36, 39, 53, 74, 75,
114, X, X, X.
(')
(')
14, 505, 404
669, 753
1. 927, 851
129, 021
59, 745
, 470, 787
368, 380
679, 694
220, 769
129, 755
213, 356
513, 094
18, 453, 834
124, 317
43, 477
75, 476
237, 732
4, 171, 590
1.79
1.70
Pounds
206, 873
190, 352
147, 524
515, 482
1, 089, 298
58, 948
2, 024, 825)
77, 095
324, 343
16, 587, 828
668, 959
1, 832, 364
281,512
131,037
§92, 758
.594, 193
20, 760, 512
1 Totals not included under sulphide coloring matters. In the dyes classified by method of application
these 2 dyes are included in the vat dyes.
66
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
TabIiE 24. — Production and sales of dyes and other finished coal-tar products,
1 925 — Continued
6
d
'A
1
02
Common name
Manufacturers' iden-
tification number
(according to list on
p. 221)
Sales
X
5
O
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
pound
Production
inw
778
779
780
782
785
784
'858'
"789'
859
865
862
760
761
763
765
767
768
838
840
842
843
849
867
831
874
§76
877
880
881
ANTRAQUINONE COLOR-
ING MATTERS
Alizarin
17, 114.,-
Pounds
Pounds
1033
Alizarin orange (paste) .
Alizarin red S (powder).
Alizarin brown
17, 114
1034
17, 119..
1035
39, 53, 114, 185
22, 954
$49, 473
$2.16
1039
Alizarin RG, GI
Alizarin Y (yellow
shade).
Acid alizarin blue SE..
Acid alizarin blue B
Acid alizarin green G...
Anthracene blue WR...
Acid alizarin blue R
Alizarin cyanine green..
Alizarin blue black B...
Acid alizarin rubine
All other anthraquinone
coloring matters.
Total anthraqui-
none coloring matters.
ANTHRAQUINONE VAT
COLORING MATTERS
Anthraquinone vat
golden orange G.
.\nthraquinone vat
golden orange R.
Anthraquinone vat
dark blue BO.
Anthraquinone vat
green B and black.
Anthraquinone vat
violet RR.
Anthraquinone vat
violet B.
Anthraquinone vat
blue RS.
Anthraquinone vat
blue3G.
Anthraquinone vat
blueGCD.
Anthraquinone vat
blue BCS.
Anthraquinone vat
blueGC.
Anthraquinone vat
yellow G.
Anthraquinone vat
brown B.
Anthraquinone vat
red BN.
All other anthraquinone
vat coloring matters.
Total anthraqui-
none vat color-
ing matters.
INDIGOID COLORING
MATTERS
Indigo synthetic, 20 per
cent paste.
Indigo vat I
17
1040
17, 114...
1053
75
'
1054
75, 114 ..
1056
75.
1062
55, 114...
1076
119.... .
1078
.34, 75, X
1085
34, 75, X
55, 880
114,674
2.05
80, 966
1091
75
75, 872
116, 544
i.54
76, 670
719, 450
1, 672, 970
2.33
775,914
119 .
1096
1097
53, 119
1099
53. 105, 119
1102
53, 105, 119
1104
53
1105
53
1107
53, 119
1109
53
1113
53, 119
1114
53
1115
119
1118
53, 119 . .
11?0
119
1162
119
1
352, 873
801, 798
2.27
515, 795
1, 820, 430
2,980,109
1.64
2. 135, 852
52, 53, 114
1177
24, 449, 938
3, 805, 518
.16
29, 121, 817
1178
39, 114
1180
Indigo extract .
53, 94, 114, X
87, 749
56,867
.65
96, 424
1183
Dibromindigo RB
Bromindigo blue 2B,
2BD.
52
1184
52
":::'::::::::::::
DYES AND OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS
67
Table 24.
-Production and sales of dyes and other finished coal-tar products,
19 £5— Continued
6
d
z
3
SI
o
CO
Common name
Manufacturers' iden-
tification number
(according to list on
p. 221)
Sales
g
a
o
"3
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
pound
Production
7
"83"
144
168
23
502
PHOTOCHEMICAL COLOR-
ING MATTERS
Dicyanine A
58
Pounds
Pounds
Kryptocyanine .
58
Neocyanine
58
58 '
Pinacyanole
58. i
10
FOOD COLORING MAT-
TERS
Naphthol yellow S
Yellow AB
X
22
9, 56, 79, 114, 158
8 iifl
$15,419
18, 071
119,755
$1.90
1.92
4.58
2,547
61
YeUow OB
9,56,79,114,158.. \ 9;4n
9, 114, X 26.164
4,478
80
Ponceau 3R
28,598
150
Orange I
9, 114, 178, X
184
.\maranth.
9, 114, 178, X
.....
104, 656
67,558
317,013
212, 031
3.03
3.14
91,866
640
666
Tartrazine
Guinea ereen B
9, 27, 114, 178, X
9, 114, 178
70,690
670
505 1 Light green SF (yellow-
ish).
592 1 Erythrosine
877 j Indigo disulfonic acid...
114, 178
773
9, 114, X
1180
9, 114, X
3,028
30,154
9.96
Total food dyes 1
272, 933
996, 229
3.65
263, 005
Bacteriological stains ' 37. 58. 79. 84. 93. 114.
and indicators.
Research chemicals
All other dyes
137, 162.
58, 162 <
53 .-
Total dyes i
79,303,451
37, 468, 332
.47
86, 345, 438
DYES NOT CLASSIFIED BY SCHULTZ OR COLOR INDEX NUMBER
Manufacturers were requested to report separately, in terms of
their familiar pre-war designations, the production of dyes not
classified by Schultz or color index number. The following table
is a list of such dyes, together with some new dyes of American
development for which there are no foreign equivalents :
Name of dye
Manufac- \
turer's iden-
tification 1
number
(according
to list on
p. 221) '
Name of dye
Manufac-
turer's iden-
tification
number
(according
to list on
p. 221)
Acid anthracene brown B, RH ex
Acid anthracene yellow OR
75
69
116
8
36
122
119
79
185
185
185
55
8,114
114
114
114
9
116
38
34
116
116
Anthranol chrome violet EGBX
Anthranol chrome yellow LSW.
Anthrene blue GFC, paste..
116
116
Acid anthracene yellow GRX
119
Acid black BA
Anthrene jade green, paste.
119
Acid naphthol blue black ..
Artificial silk black O
53
Acid navv blue .
Azanol brown N.. .
X
Acid red OTH
Azanol red brown R
X
Acid yellow HM.
Aze dark green
119
Alizarin black...
119
Alizarin blue (indigo shade)...
.\ze fast blue B, G, 2R
114
-Alizarin brown 5R
Aze fast violet 2R
114
Alizarin serge blue GS . . .
Azo violet..
34
Alizarol black 3G
Azo violet BS, 2B, 2RL..
8
.A.lizarol brown B
Aze wool blue G .
69
Alizarol gray OG . .
X
Alizarol vellow 3Q
Benzanol brown FW..
X
Amanil black FTC
Benzo chrome brown G
9
Amide naphthol red 2B.
Benzo fast black L
I 8, 9, 53, 75,
Amide naphthol red X cone
Benzo fast black LM .
114,119
69
53
Anthranol chrome brown EB..
Benze fast pink 2BLM
69
1 Sales of Benzo fast black L were 108,697 pounds, valued at $143,906, with production of 105,568 pounds.
68
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Name of dye
Benzo rhodiiline red B
Brilliant Bordeaux S
Brilliant croceine FL
Brilliant developed scarlet B
Brilliant milling blue
Brilliant wool blue N
Bromo fluorescein
Buffalo black AR, RB, 8B.3G
Buffalo chrome black NS
Bulletin red
Chloramine fast orange ER, QG, E3G.
Clilorantine violet
Chlorozol fast brown RK
Chromate brilliant brown R
Chromaven brilliant orange 2R
Chrome black
Chrome black SWR
Chrome blue ATX
Chrome green CB
Chrome green SW
Chrome green B
Chrome red SW
Chrome red brown III
Chrome yellow
Chrome yellow DS, 3Q
Chrome yellow 5G
Chrome yellow SS
Cindiazo blue B
Cloth Red R, 2R
Corulein
Cotton black 3G
Cotton brilliant blue R
Developed black 2B
Diamine Bordeaux B
Diamine catechine
Diamine catechine B, 3G
Diamine fast orange EG
Diamond green 3GA
Diamond green WLM
Dianol dark blue B
Diazine beta black
Diazine black DM, V ex., VN ex., VZ
Diazo Bordeaux 7B
Diazo fast blue 2RW
Diazo fast red 5BL, 7BL
Diazo indigo blue M
Diazo seal brown
Direct black GX, GXR
Direct blue 4R, 3RX-.
Direct brown, B, R, AHP
Direct brown G2R, G3R
Direct dark blue ,.
Direct diazo blue BL
Direct fast black B
Direct fast black HW
Direct fast blue2B.
Direct fast light blue FF
Direct fast orange R, 2R, RCL
Direct fast violet 4B
Direct navv blue R
Direct scarlet B, 3B, S
Direct violet R cone
Dyelene chromate brown EBN
Empire fast violet AA
Erie brown GB
Erie fast gray M, R
Erio chrome brown R
Erio violet RL
Fast acid violet ERR ex
Fast brilliant blue EA
Fast chrome brown R..
Fast crimson R i
Fast mordant blue
Fast mordant blue B
Fast wool violet B
Fnrol DB
Gallein
Gloss flux basic blue V :
Gloss flux ba.sic orange
Gloss flux basic yellow
Gloss flux Persian rose
Manufac- |
turer's iden- !
tification
number
(according
to list on
p. 221)
53
36
53
116
34
114
48
114
114
150
69
114
53
34
9
27,39
8
53
114
46
36
46
75
27,119
36
8,36
75
36
114
185
122
122
119
53, 114
53
114
53
75
69
53
114
114
53
36
53
53
X
36
36
122
36
39
8
36
122
119
36
36
131
122
122
X
54
128
114
114
36
36
53
8
119
114
39
34
114
X
185
13
13
13
13
Name of dye
Gloss flux red O
Guinea fast red BL
Hello Bordeaux BL
Hydron orange R, paste
Hydron pink FF, paste
Indomine navy blue 2BM
Jet black APX
Lake orange B-_
Lake scarlet G..
Leather yellow
Lithol fast orange
Monochrome brown BC
Naphthol green black B
Niagara blue NR
Niagara fast blue RL
Nigrosine base B, N, NB, R, 2R..
Oil brown
Oil brown H, I
Oil brown M
Oil maroon O
Oil orange Y..
Oil orange 30
Oil orange cone
Oil red O
Oil red 322
Oil red C
Oil red I
Oil yellow 2625, F
Oil yellow PHW
Oxamine copper blue RRX
Oxydiaminogcn OB
Pacco direct fast gray BL
Palaside green
Paranol direct brown B-.
Paranol direct orange GL
Penetrating benzol brown R
Permanent red R
Phloxine
Pontachrome brown R, SW
Pontachrome yellow SW
Pontamine blue GH cone
Pontamine diazo black H
Pontamine diazo blue 3G
Pontamine fast orange 2G cone
Resorcin brown D, YX cone
Rosanthrene A, R
Rhodamine 6GDN
Rosanthrene orange
Safranine 8B
Seriochrome black WSE
Serichrome green B
Silk black 4BF
Silk brown G, R
Solamine blue FF
Solamine blue FT
Solantine red 8 BLN
S R A fast blue III, IV, V
S R A fast pure yellow, I, II
S R A fast golden yellow, VIII, IX
S R A fast orange I, II
S R A fast golden orange I
S R A fast red I, III, V
S R Afast pink II
S R A fast black III, IV
S R A fast violet II
S R A fast heliotrope I
Sudan AT
Sudan orange
Sudan T
Sulphon acid black N, 2BM
Thianthrene pink FF, paste
Trisulphon brown R
Victoria fast violet 2R ex
Wool black B
Wool blue CB, CG
Wool fast violet 2R
Wool green B
Wool navv B
Zambezi black BG, PC
Zambezi black D
Zambezi black V
Manufac-
turer's iden-
tifleation
number
(according
to list on
p. 221)
2 Sales of Zambezi black V were 282,919 pounds, valued at $255,300, with a production of 238,981 pounds.
DYES AND OTHEE FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS 69
Production and sales of dyes and other coal-tar products, 1925
Manufacturers' identifi-
cation number (accord-
ing to list on p. 221)
Sales
Name of dye
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
pound
Production
COLOR LAKES
Black lokes _._
39,80, 151, X
Pounds
Pounds
Blue lakes
12, 13, 22, 28, 35, 53, 57, 60,
62, 77, 78, 80, 85, 87, 92,
101, 146, 151, 152, 153,
159, X, X, X, X, X, X,
XXX
28, 35, 62, 77, 92, 150, 151,
153, 159, 170, X, X.
12, 22, 28, 35, 57, 60, 62, 77,
80, 85, 87, 92, 101, 146,
150, 151, 152, 153, 159,
170, X, X, X, X, X, X,
X, X, X, X.
12, 22, 28, 35, 53, 57, 60, 62,
73, 77, 80, 85, 87, 92, 101,
146, 151, 152, 153, 159,
170, 182, X, X, X, X, X,
X, X.
12, 22, 28, 53, 56, 00, 62, 78,
80, 85, 87, 89, 92, 101, 146,
150, 151, 152, 153, 159,
170, 182, X, X, X, X, X,
X, X.
5, 12, 22, 28, 35, 53, 57, 78,
80, 85, 89, 92, 101, 106,
150, 151, 152, 153, 159,
182, X, X, X, X, X, X,
X, X.
12, 22, 28, 35, 57, 60, 62, 78,
80, 85, 87, 92, 101, 146,
150, 151, 152, 153, 159,
170, X, X, X, X, X, X,
X, X.
12, 22, 28, 39. 43, 53, 56, 57,
60, 78, 80, 85, 87, 89, 92,
101, 150, 151, 153, 170,
182, X, X, X, X, X, X,
X, X, X, X.
5, 12, 22, 28, 35, 43, 53, 57,
60, 62, 77, 78, 80, 85, 89,
92, 101, 106, 146, 150, 151,
152, 153, 159, 170, 182, X,
X, X, X, X, X, X, X,
XXX
5, 12, 22, 28, 35, 57, 62, 80,
85, 92, 101, 106, 146, 150,
151, 152, 153, 159, 182, X,
X, X, X, X, X, X, X,
X, X, X, X.
12, 22, 28, 35, 39, 57, 60, 62,
77, 78, 79, 80, 85, 87, 92,
101, 146, 151, 152, 153,
159, 170, 182, X, X, X,
X, X, X, X, X, X.
12, 28, 53, 60, 62, 77, 78, 80,
85, 87, 92, 101, 151, 152,
153, 159, 170 ,182, X, X,
X, X, X, X, X.
53. . . .
734, 659
94, 267
723, 928
389, 962
798, 202
916, 307
460, 200
2, 434, 551
2, 212, 561
830, 209
430, 099
573, 965
$412, 222
12, 631
585, 665
151, 684
525, 996
312, 309
134, 104
1, 001, 787
1, 123, 603
279, 437
382,113
279, 453
$0.56
.13
.81
.39
.66
.34
.29
.41
.51
.34
.89
.49
740, 494
97,560
735, 194
405, 217
Brown lakes . . . . . .
Eosine lakes
Oreen lakes..
Lithol red lakes
797 766
Maroon lakes
935, 313
464, 552
2, 328, 113
2, 300, 243
854,000
439, 954
Orange lakes .
Para red lakes
Red lakes .
Scarlet lakes .
Violet lakes
Yellow lakes
576, 443
.\11 other color lakes.
Total color lakes
11,308,444
5, 544, 371
.49
11,414,753
180
PHOTOGRAPHIC CHEMICALS
Diaminophenol hydrochloride
(amidol).
Hy droquinol
107, 185, X
224, 253
251, 932
1.12
208, 857
p-Hydroxy phenvlglvcine
58
58, 185, X .. ....
(metol).
1
Total photographic
348, 842
475, 095
1.36 1
327, 041
chemicals.
70 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Production and sales of dyes and other coal-tar products, 1925 — Contd.
Manufacturers' identifi-
cation number (accord-
ing to list on p. 221)
Sales
Name of dye
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
pound
Production!
MEDICINALS
Acetanilide, USP
105, 107, 118
Pounds
363, 510
$112,751
$0.31
Pounds
158, 756-
Acetpheiietidin
16, X
Acriflavine and neutral acrifla-
1, 114
vine (3:6-diamino-10-methyl
acridine chloride).
Amidopyrine
X
149
Ammonium salicylate
81,99
Anesthesine. (See Benzocaine.)
Apothesine (hydrochloride of
X
diethylaminopropyl-cinna-
mate).
Arsephenamine
1,50,99, 102, 136, 157, X...
16, 52, 107, 111
350
1, 476, 058
2,446
103, 055
1, 025, 610
29,117
294. 44
.69
11.90
278
Aspirin (acetyl salicylic acid)
1, 499, 166-
Atophan. (See Cinchophen.)
Benzocaine (anesthesine)
1, 125, 149, X
2, 446
(ethyl p-amino benzoate).
Benzvl succinate
149, 158...
Benzyl succinate, sodium salt
149
Bismuth betanaphthol
Bismuth salicylate and sub-
107, 118, 136
1,035
3,161
3.05
399'
99
salicylate.
63, 107, 118
114
Bromeikon (tetrabromo-
99 - . . . -
phenolphthalein, sodium
salt).
Butyn (p-amino benzoyl gam-
1
ma di normal butyl amino
propanol sulfate).
99
99
16
16
Calcium sulfophenolate
99 .
Chloramine T (sodium p-tol-
uene sulfochloramide).
Chloroxyl (phenyl cinchoninic
X
96
acid, hydrochloride).
Cinchophen (atophan) (phenyl
cinchoninic acid).
1, 7, 19, 27, 96, X
60, 015
394, 130
6.57
60, 722
99
149
124.
Dichloramine T (p-toluene sul-
111
fone dichloramide).
X
cylic acid derivatiye).
124 .
o-Hydroxyquinoline base
X
X
lodeikon (tetraiodophenolph-
thalein sodium salt).
99
105
Luminal (phenylethyl barbi-
turic acid) (phenylethylma-
lonylurea).
Luminal sodium (phenylethyl
barbituric sodium salt) (phe-
nylethylmalonylurea sodium
salt).
Magnesium salicylate
16
16
81, 99 - ...
Mercurosal (disodiumhydroxy-
mercurisalicyloxyacetate) .
Mercury salicylate, USP
Methyl-p-hydroxyamino ben-
zoate.
Methylhydroxymethyl ester of
salicylic acid.
X
99
X
16
114
Methylene citryl salicylate
16
136
Monoglycol ester of salicylic
acid.
b-Naphthol benzoate
16
63, 149.
DYES AND OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS 71
Production and sales of dyes and other coal-tar products, 1925 — Contd.
Manufacturers' identifi-
cation number (accord-
ing to list on p. 221)
Sales
Name of dye
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
pound
Production
MEDiciNALS— continued
Neoarsphenamine
1, 50.99, 136, 157, X
114
Pounis
3,470
$1, 125, 143
$324.25
Pounds
3,289
Neocinchqphen. (SeeTolysin.)
Peralga (l-diethylbarbituric-2-
7
ainidopyrene).
Phenacaine (ethenyl-p-dieth-
oxy-diphenylamidinehydro-
chloride).
Phenolphthalein
X
X. X
Phenolsulfonates (calcium, so-
1, 107, 130, 136
141,256
43, 268
.31
163, 723
dium, zinc, etc.).
Potassium acid phthlate
99.
99.
Potassium sulfophenolate
Procaine (p-amino benzoyl
diethyl aminoethanol).
Proflavine (3 : 6-diamino acri-
dine sulfate).
Proposote (creosote derivative)
99
1, 125, X
1, 114
X
58, 162
27
1
Salol (phenyl salicylate)
Salophen (acetylparamino-
phenyl salicylate).
52, 81, 107. .
75, 681
58, 258
.77
118, 869
16
114
X
52, 81, 107, HI
443, 961
163,514
.37
415,465
136
81 , 99 .
Sulfoarsphenamine .-
1,99,102,136,157, X
99
779
329,349
422. 78
734
Tolysin (p-methylphenyl cin-
choninic ethyl ester) (neocin-
chophen).
Triphenylstilbene sulfide
1,27 -
162
114
136
99... .-
162
Total medicinals
3, 294, 827
6,331,918
1.92 1 3,237,796
FLAVORS
Anisic alcohol
61
Coumarin.-- .
24,52,63, 103, 105,111
58.
104,054
309, 596
2.98
104,363
Dulcin
Ethyl benzoate
63, 67, 68, 103, 160, 172, X..
Ethyl cinnamate
24,61, 63, 68
457
1,744
3.82
594
Ethyl salicylate
63, 68, 160, X
Methyl cinnamate
24,63.68, 160, X
455
1.802,669
1,700
711,502
3.74
.39
534
Methyl salicylate
52, 81,107, 111,160, X
X
1,819,822
Saccharin
Total flavors
2, 148. 904
1,409,311
.66
2, 207, 102
PERFUME MATERIALS
Acetophenone
24,63,68,86, 160, X
61, 68
1,215
4,371
3.60
1,207
Amyl salicylate
24, 63, 67, 81, 86, 160, X, X.
24 63 67 86 160 X
13, 666
16, 510
1.21
11,079
Aubepine (anisic aldehyde)
(see Part IV) .
63, 68
Rpn/.yl acetate
24, 63. 67, 68, 86, 105, 160,
X X
24, 63, 67, 86, 105, 160, X, X.
24, 63,68,86, 160, X, X....
61
27,638
12, 808
15, 965
32, 650
14, 367
22, 357
1.18
1.12
1.40
27, 661
Benzyl alcohol... . ..
10, 753
13, 48a
63, 68, 160, X.-
171
124
1,482
400
8.67
3.23
181
61, 68, 160
129
160
160
61, 68, 160
i 160
Benzylidine acetone . _
t 105, 160
72 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Production and sales of dyes and other coal-tar products, 1925 — Contd.
Manufacturers' identifica-
tion number (according
to list on p. 221)
Sales
Name of dye
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
pound
Production
Bromst yrol
24, 160, X
Pounds
46
$236
$5.24
Pounds
57
Butvlphenvl acetate.. .
61,68 ..^
Butyl phthalate
68. ."
Cinnamic acid .
24, 63, 67, 68, X...
916
2,756
3.01
2.728
Cinnamic alcohol . .
160
Cinnamic aldehyde
63, 67, 160, X .
Cinnamyl acetate
160.
Cinnamvl alcohol
63
Cinnamvl ketone.
63
Cinnamyl valerate
63
p-Cresol methyl ether .
68 .. .
p-Cresyl acetate...
61, 63
p-Cresvlphenyl acetate..
61,63
Diamvl phthalate . . .
90
. .
Dibenzvl ketone
63
Dibutvl phthalate
90, 130
Diethyl phthalate. -
20, 24, 63, 68, 86, 90, 130, 160,
172, 175, X, X, X.
63
2, 137, 340
657, 538
.31
2, 099, 181
Dimethyl benzyl carbinol
Dimethyl hydroquinone
63
Dimethyl resoreinol
160
Diphenvlmethane.
68, 160, X...
Di phenyl oxide..
24, 160
Ethyl anthranilate
61
Ethyl fumarate
172
Quaiacol phenyl acetate .
63
H vdratropic aldehyde
160
Indol
63 . -
Isobutyl anthranilate.
63
Isobutyl benzoate
61, 160... -
Isobutyl indol.
63
Isobutyl salicylate
160
Isobutyl phenyl acetate
63,68
Methyl acetophenone.
68, 160 . - .
Methyl anisate. .
160
Methyl anthranilate .
52,63, 86, 160, 167, X . ...
Meth yl benzoate . .
63,68, 160, X, X
p-Methylbenzyl acetate
63
p-Methyl benzyl anthranilate..
63
Methyl - p - cresol (p - cresyl
160
methyl ether) .
Methyl guaiacol .
160
Methyl indol (skatol) .
63, 160
Methyl methyl anthranilate .
61, 63, 160 .
24, 63, 68, 86, 160, X, X, X..
63
703
3,367
4.79
586
Methylpheny] glycidate
p-Methyl quinoline
63
Methyl-p-tolyl ketone . .
63 . .
1
b-Naphthol anthranilate
63
Nerolin (b-naphthol ethyl
68, 160
ether).
Nonyl anthranilate . . .
63
1
Phenyl acetate . . .
63
'" r "" " " "
68
Phenylacetic aldehyde .
24,86,160, X
527
5,491
10.42
702
Phenylacetic ketone . . -
63
Phenylethyl acetate.. . .
24, 63, 86, 160
40
993
424
5,709
10.60
5.75
144
Phenylethyl alcohol . .
24, 52, 63, 86, 160
830
Phenylethvl formate
160
Phenylethyl phenyl acetate. -
160 . .
Phenylethyl propionate . .
61
63
Phenylyinylethylenemethyl
160
ketone.
63
Tetrahydroparamethyl quino-
63
line.
Yara yara (b-naphthol methyl
68,160
ether) .
Total perfume materials.
2, 370, 728
883, 617
.37
2, 335, 024
X ...
Synthetic tanning materials
|l3, 896, 583
8, 698, 756
.63
Synthetic phenolic resins
15, X
DYES AND OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS
73
Employees and Rates of Pay
The nuinber of employees receiving specified rates of pay on
December 18, 1925, or on the nearest representative date for which
this information could be obtained, as reported by 154 of the 186
firms manufacturing coal-tar products in 1925, is shown in Table 25.
The 32 firms for which data are omitted either conducted a business in
which coal-tar products were not the primary articles of manufacture
or did not have separately organized departments dealing therewith.
In 1914 there were but 7 firms in the United States manufacturing
coal-tar colors and other products.* These gave employment to 528
persons. In 1925 there were 154 firms with 10,971 employees. The
number of employees in 1925 is a decrease of 1,598 from 1924, and of
2,272 from 1923.
Chemists and technically trained men in 1925 constituted 14.6 per
cent of all employees, as compared with 13.4 per cent in 1924 and
12.7 per cent in 1923. Of the 1,616 men of this group in 1925, 34.10
per cent received between $50 and $75 per week, 27.54 per cent $75
and over, 6.5 per cent between $45 and $50, and 6.37 per cent between
$40 and $45. For men without technical training the scale of
compensation was as follows: 26.95 per cent received between $25
and $30 per week, 20.3 per cent between $30 and $35, 17.36 per cent
between $20 and $25. In general, rates of pay were higher in 1925
than in 1924. Table 26 compares specified rates of pay of technically
trained men with those of men not having such training.
Among the technically trained men the increase in terms of per-
centages in the pay of each group was as follows: 6.59 per cent in the
group received between $50 and $75 and 3.76 per cent in the group
received $45 but under $50. Of men without technical training the
increase was 4.2 pet cent in the group receiving $35 but under $40,
2.51 per cent in the group receiving $40 but under $45, and 2.36 per
cent in the group receiving $25 but under $30.
As stated in previous reports, the dye and coal-tar chemical indus-
try has probably a larger proportion of technically trained men than
any other manufacturing industry in the United States.
Table 25. — Employees and rates
of pay,
dye and coal-tar chemical industry, 1925
Number of employees at each
specified wage engaged in
manufacturing operations
Percentage receiv-
ing each specified
wage
Percentage receiv-
ing each specified
wage or more
Wages per week
Chemists
and
techni-
cally
trained
men
Men
without
technical
training
All em-
ployees
Chemists
and
techni-
cally
trained
men
Men
without
technical
training
Chemists
and
techni-
cally
trained
men
Men
without
technical
training
I'nderSlO
27
200
489
1,624
2,521
1,900
1,389
580
359
241
25
27
206
517
1,665
2,609
1,993
1.545
683
464
792
470
0.29
2.14
5.23
17.36
26.95
20.30
14.85
6.20
3.84
2.57
.27
100.00
$10 but under .$15. _ . . ..
6
28
41
88
93
156
103
105
551
445
0.37
1.73
2.54
5.45
5.75
9.65
6.37
6.50
34.10
27.54
100. 00
99.63
97.90
95.36
89.91
84.16
74.51
68.14
61.64
27.54
99.71
$15 but under .$20
97. 57
$20 but under $25
92.34
$25but under $30.. .....
74.98
$30 but under $35
48.03
$35 but under $40
27.73
$40 but under $45 . .
12.88
$45 but under $50
6.68
$50 but under $75
2.84
575 and over..
.27
Total
1,616
9,355
10, 971
100. 00
100. 00
* Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce.
74 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 26. — Employees and rates of pay, dye and coal-tar chemical industry, 1925
Wages per week
Percentage receiving each specified wage
Chemists and technically
trained men
1925
1924
Increase
Men without technical
training
1925
1924
Increase
Under $10
$10 but under $15.
$15 but under $20.
$20 but under $25.
$25 but under $30.
$30 but under $35_
$35 but under $40.
$40 but under $45.
$45 but under $50.
$50 but under $75.
$75 and over
100.00
99.63
97.90
95.36
89.91
84.16
74.51
68.14
61.64
27.54
100.00
99.64
98.28
95.02
89.44
81.72
74.00
64.38
55.05
24.23
10.01
1.38
.34
.47
2.44
.51
3.76
6.59
3.31
100.00
99.71
97.57
92.34
74.98
48.03
27.73
12.88
.27
100.00
99.62
97.52
92.55
72.62
46.06
23.53
10.37
5.28
2.20
.22
0.09
.05
1.21
2.36
1.97
4.20
2.51
1.40
.64
.05
I Decrease.
Research Work
Of the 186 firms engaged in the manufacture of dyes and other
coal-tar chemicals in 1925, 51 had separately organized research
laboratories for the solution of technical problems and for the devel-
opment or discovery of new products. The total cost of the research
work carried on in these laboratories, together with that done in
laboratories not separately organized for research, was $2,438,235.
This figure is an increase of $289,311 over the expenditure in 1924.
The Tariff Commission's census includes in 1925, as in 1924, not
only the total cost of the research work carried on by the companies
reporting, but the net cost of such work chargeable to coal-tar
products alone. The $2,404,732 reported as the net cost in 1925
is doubtless an understatement of the real cost of experimental
work, since the figures do not include in all cases, the cost of research
forming a part of manufacturing operations but not charged against
research on the books of the companies.
The total sales of the finished coal-tar products in 1925 was nearly
$61,000,000. The high research expenditure, amounting to nearly
4 per cent of the total sales, gives some indication of the large amount
considered necessary for research work in this industry. Such
expenditures are not only for the improvement of existing products
and processes but for the discovery of new products. The constant
introduction of new products calls for an active and extensive
research work if the United States is to maintain a competitive
position in world markets.
PART III
COST OF DYES IN REPRESENTATIVE FABRICS
AND GARMENTS
75
Part III
COST OF DYES IN REPRESENTATIVE FABRICS AND
GARMENTS
Introduction
The effect that the imposition of a duty on an article may have on
the consuming industry is an important tariff problem. Emphasis
was laid upon this question in its application to coal-tar dyes during
the hearings before committees of Congress framing the tariff acts
of 1916 and 1922. As there were practically no official data at hand
on which to base a conclusion the Tariff Commission in the latter
part of 1925 collected special data from which to determine the
costs of dyes in representative fabrics and garments. This was in
accordance with provisions of the revenue act of September 8, 1916,
which empowers the commission to gather information for use in
future tariff revisions.
Although coal-tar dyes are used in paper, leather, color lakes,
and foodstuffs, the textile industry is by far the largest consumer and
is more dependent upon dyes than other industries. The cost of
dyes used by the domestic textile industry as set forth in this chapter
is based on data obtained from 32 concerns. Practically all of the
basic figures were taken directly from the books of records of the
companies by representatives of the Tariff Commission. They
represent the actual prices paid by the consuming mill and neces-
sarily vary with the quantity purchased. In making this study the
commission did not attempt to cover the entire range of textiles, but
selected certain staple and specialty fabrics, which it considers fairly
representative of woolen, cotton, and silk fabrics and in addition
hosiery and hats. The cost data as here presented relate solely to
the cost of the dye itself and do not include other costs of the dyeing
operation such as chemicals, direct labor, steam, and other factory
expenses.
In recent years the textile industries have greatly increased their
consumption of vat and other dyes that are exceptionally fast to
sunlight and laundering or other destructive agents. Where possible
the cost of these fast types has been compared with that of the more
fugitive colors.
Following a summary of the cost of dyes in typical garments, the
cost of dyes in typical fabrics and articles is shown in the following
order: (1) Wool fabrics, (2) cotton fabrics, (3) silk fabrics and unions.
77
78 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Factors Which Affect Dye Cosir
The cost of dye per yard of fabric depends upon a number of
factors, the most important of which are:
1. The depth of shade.
2. The weight of the goods per yard.
3. The class of dye by method of appHcation and the type of dye
within each class.
4. The efficiency of the dyeing operation.
5. The kind of machine used for the dyeing operation and the state
of manufacture of the textile material when dyed — that is fiber, yarn,
warp, or woven fabric.
6. The quantity of material dyed.
The quantity of dye used to produce light shades and tints as com-
pared with heavy shades shows wide variation. As an illustration,
many light shades on sUk and cotton, using the direct or substantive
colors, require less than 0.1 per cent dye by weight of fabric as against
4 to 6 per cent or more for navy blues and blacks. The cost per yard
is usually in a corresponding ratio. In goods of mixed color, however,
such as woolen fabrics, the cost of dye is sometimes less for the reason
that not all of the fiber or yarns entering into the fabric are dyed —
the proportion runs from 10 per cent or less to 90 per cent.
The weight of goods per yard is a second factor determining the
cost of dye per yard, as the dye consumed for a given shade depends
largely on the weight of the material dyed. A silk crepe de chine
39 inches wide may weigh only 10 pounds per 100 yards, or one-
tenth of a pound (1.6 ounces) per yard, while men's woolen over-
coating (54 inches wide) may vary from 22 to 30 ounces per yard.
Whether a dye is acid, basic, direct (substantive), mordant, or
chrome, sulphur or vat, and the type within one of these classes
selected to produce a particular shade, will affect the dye cost very
materially. The cost of certain vat dyed navy blue on cotton
piece goods is about three times that of a direct developed dye.
Other examples might be given to show an even greater cost variation.
The choice of a proper dye or combination of dyes to meet a par-
ticular requirement of fastness in the finished material and the
conditions of application again results in a variation in cost.
In common with other chemical processes, the efficiency of the
operation varies with the plant. Correct technique of the dyeing
operation results in a lower consumption of dye per pound of material
dyed.
While in general the stage of manufacture of the textile material
to be dyed does not present a cost problem, there may be at times
an advantage in dyeing in the piece or in the warp or in the yarn.
Mills are not in agreement on this question, however, since it involves
labor cost, the condition and appearance of the finished goods, and
the class of color to be applied.
The choice of the dyeing machine or apparatus, often determined
by such factors as the stage of manufacture, labor cost, type of dye
to be used, or appearance desired in the finished material, will also
affect the cost of dye per yard of fabric. For light and medium
shades on cotton the dyeing cost (including dye and labor) is less
on the pad machine than on a jig machine. For solid shades the
SUMMARY OF DYE COSTS 79
fabric can be dyed in the piece at a lower cost than by dyeing the
raw stock prior to manufacture into the fabric.
Again, the cost of dye per yard of fabric will vary with the number
of yards run. A continuous operation on piece goods can be handled
with lower consumption of color per yard than small batches.
For certain types of cotton dyeing a standing bath of the dye is
used — that is, the dye liquor is used continuously adding propor-
tionately less dye for the second and subsequent lots than is used
for the first batch. This entails a smaller consumption of dye, when
dyes are being used as do not completely exhaust, than would be
the case if a fresh bath were used for each lot of goods dyed.
Summary of Dye Costs
General cost data. — The cost of dye is in general a very small frac-
tion of the total cost of a yard of fabric. Because of the wide varia-
tion between the cost of dye for light shades on light weight fabric
and dark shades on heavy weight fabrics, the average costs of dyes
per yard means little unless the weight of the goods is known, as well
as the kind of dyes used and the depth of shade produced. Cost
figures on the basis of a pound of fabric are more nearly comparable,
but are less comprehensable to the layman than figures on the
yardage basis. Figures from some of the largest plants in the
country will serve to illustrate the general range of dye costs on the
yardage basis.
One of the largest dyers of cotton piece goods whose dye costs
were representative of pre-war years shows for the period 1909-1914
a variation from 0.18 cent per yard in 1910 to 0.15 cent per yard in
1914.^ These costs are computed on an average of 50,000,000 yards
of fabric dyed per year.
Three other cotton piece-dyeing plants show for the 12 months
ending July 1, 1914,^ an average cost of one-eighth of 1 cent a yard
on more than 200,000,000 yards of dyed and printed cotton fabrics.
During the calendar year 1918— a year of peak dye prices— the same
three plants had an average cost of 0.5 cent a yard on a yardage of
180,000,000; the estimated value of this cloth was $60,000,000 to
$80,000,000.
Cost data obtained by the Tariff Commission from three cotton
piece-dyeing plants for 1924 and 1925 show an average dye cost of
about one-third of a cent a yard.
A large silk manufacturer stated in 1919 ^ that under war con-
ditions the average cost of dyes on broad silks was about 5 cents
the yard. The wholesale price of these fabrics would be from $2.50
to $4 per yard. For very light shades the dye cost would be only
a small fraction of a cent a yard, while for very dark shades on
heavy fabrics, such as velvets and plushes, the cost of dye would
run as high as 11 or 12 cents a yard. The same manufacturer
reports an average cost of 1.5 cents per yard on broad silks in 1925
as compared with 5 cents per yard under war conditions referred to
above.
1 statement of Mr. H. B. Thompson. See Hearings before the Committee on Ways and Means, H. R.
702, p. 121.
2 Statement of A. C. Imbrie. See Hearings before the Committee on Ways and Means, H. R. 2706 and
H. R. 6495, pp. 215 and 57.
3 Statement of Mr. Cheney. See Hearings before the Committee on Ways and Means, H. R. 2706 and
H. R. 6495, p. 50.
80
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Cost data obtained by the commission from four silk piece-dyeing
plants show for 1924 and 1925 an average cost per yard of 0.65 of a
cent for a yardage exceeding 112,000,000. Three silk-printing
establishments show for the same years a dye cost per yard of 0.94
cent for a yardage of 23,000,000.
Cost of dye in representative fabrics and garments. — The following
tabulation gives the cost of dye used in a variety of garments and
goods. The costs are considered representative of the particular
article for which they are quoted. There are, however, in any
group certain fabrics showing a cost above, as well as below, the
figures given. The basis on which costs are computed and detailed
data entering into cost calculations are given by way of illustration
of dye costs in several different types of 'garments and fabrics.
Description of garment or suit
Cost of dye in each
garment or suit
COTTON
Men's overalls— denim, indigo dyed
Men's working shirts — chambray, indigo dyed
Men's shirts, woven striped madras dyed with —
Vat dyes
Sulphur dyes
Men's shirts, cotton shirting printed with—
Vat dyes
Basic and chrome colors
Soldier's cotton khaki suit, dyed with sulphur dyes
WOOLEN AND WORSTED
Men's suit, 14-ounce, blue serge worsted
PoHce uniform, navy or police cloth dyed with indigo and alizarin
Men's woolen suit, 14-ounce, mixed color
Men's overcoat, 20-ounce, overcoating mixed color
Women's fancy worsted, 10-ounce serge.
Women's fancy worsted, silk stripe serge, 10-ounce
Women's overcoat, Bolivia cloth, 21-ounce -_
SILK
Silk dress, plain silk (9 yards per pound) _
Silk dress, georgette crfipe (18 yards per pound)
HAT
Men's felt hat
1.7 cents per pair.
0.2 cent per shirt.
1 cent per shirt.
0.25 cent per shirt.
1.25 cents per shirt.
0.25 cent per shirt.
3 cents per suit.
11 cents per suit.
18 cents per suit.
7 cents per suit.
16 cents per overcoat.
9 cents per suit.
15 cents per suit.
28 cents per overcoat.
4 cents per dress.
2 cents per dress.
1.26 cents per hat.
Cotton Fabrics and Garments
OVERALLS
Cotton denim, indigo dyed
Fabric used, denim; weight, 2.2 yards per pound, warp dyed;
width, 28 inches (filling white). Cost of dye per pair of overalls, 1.7
cents.
Basis: 41 yards of denim required per one dozen pair of overalls,
or 3.4 yards per pair. Cost of dye per yard, 0.5 of a cent — 3.4 X 0.5 =
1.7 cents.
Calculation of dye cost: 1 yard denim (2.2 yards per pound) =0.454
pound. Warp only is dyed, which is 66 per cent by weight of fabric;
66 per cent of 0.454 = 0.2996 of a pound of dyed warp per yard; 100
pounds of warp require 12 pounds of indigo (20 per cent paste), at
$0.14 per pound = $1.68. Cost of dye per pound of warp = $0.0168;
1 yard of denim contains 0.2996 pound of dyed warp — 0.2996 X
$0.0168 = 0.5 of a cent. Cost of dye per yard = 0.5 of a cent.
cotton fabrics and garments 81
men's shirts
Chamhray work shirts, indigo dyed
Fabric used, chambray; width, 28 inches; weight, 4.3 yards per
pound (warp dyed, fiUing white). Cost of dye per shirt = 0.2 cent.
Basis: 2.9 yards required for one shirt; 1 yard = 0.231 of a pound;
warp only is dyed equal to 55 per cent of the weight of the fabric;
55 per cent of 0.231=0.1271 pounds — 0.1271 of a pound dyed yarn
per yard.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds of cotton warp require 4
pounds of indigo (20 per cent paste); 4 pounds at $0.14 = 56 cents,
or 0.56 of a cent per pound — 0.1271X0.56 = 0.071 cost of dye per
yard chambray; 0.071 X 2.9 = 0.206 of a cent = cost of dye per shirt.
Woven colored stripes, dyed with vat dyes
Fabric used, blue striped madras; width, 32 inches; weight, 5 yards
per pound. Cost of dye per shirt, 1.1 cents.
Basis: Sj4 yards required for one shirt; 1 yard = 0.2 of a pound,
314x0.2 = 0.65 of a pound per shirt; 30 per cent of warp is dyed, or
15 per cent of total fabric — 15 per cent of 0.65 = 0.0975 of a pound
of d3"ed yarn per shirt.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds of yarn require 5 pounds of
Anthraquinone vat blue GCD double paste, at $2.25 = $11.25, or 11.25
cents, cost of dye per pound of yarn — 0.0975 (weight of dyed yarn
per shirt) XI 1.25 = 1.097 cents. Cost of dye per shirt =1.097 cents.
Note. — The narrow striped shirting contains less than 10 per cent of dyed
warp, or under 5 per cent of the total fabric. This style has a dye cost per
3'ard of under one-third the above sample, or less than 0.36 of a cent per shirt.
Fabric used, pink striped madras; width, 32 inches; weight, 5
yards per pound. Cost of dye per shirt, 0.59 of a cent.
Basis: 3}4 yards required for one shirt; 1 yard = 0.2 of a pound,
33^X0.2 = 0.65 of a pound per shirt; 20 per cent of warp is dyed,
or 10 per cent of total fabric — 10 per cent of 0.65 = 0.065 of a pound
of dyed yarn per shirt.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds of yarn require 4 pounds of
Vat pink FF paste at $2.25 = $9, or 9 cents cost of dye per pound
of yarn — 0.065 (weight of dyed yarn per shirt) X 9 = 0.585 of a cent.
Cost of dye per shirt, 0.585 of a cent.
Fabric used, violet striped madras; width, 32 inches; weight, 5
yards per pound. Cost of dye per shirt, 0.8 of a cent.
Basis: 334 yards required for one shirt; 1 yard = 0.2 of a pound,
334X0.2 = 0.65 of a pound per shirt; 20 per cent of warp is dyed,
or 10 per cent of total fabric — 10 per cent of 0.65 = 0.065 of a pound
of dyed yarn per shirt.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds of yarn require 4 pounds of
Anthraquinone vat violet RR paste at $3.10 = $12.40; 12.4 cents,
cost of dye per pound of yarn — 0.065 (weight of dyed yarn per shirt)
X 12.4 = 0.806 of a cent. Cost of dye per shirt, 0.8 of a cent.
Fabric used, black striped madras; width, 32 inches; weight, 5
yards per pound. Cost of dye per shirt, 1.5 cents.^
< Thecostofabov6shirtdyedwithsulphurblackinsteadofvatblaekisO.il of a cent. Calculation of dye
icost: 100 pounds of yarn require 5 pounds sulphur black 2 B cone, at $0.33, which equals $1.65, or 1.65
cents, cost of dye per pound of yam— 0.065 (weight of dyed yarn per shirt) X1.65=0.107 of a cent, cost of
dye per shirt.
82 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Basis: 314 yards required for one shirt; 1 yard = 0.2 of a pound;
3ViX0.2 = 0.65 of a pound per shirt; 20 per cent of warp is dj^ed,
or 10 per cent of total fabric — 10 per cent of 0.65 = 0.065 of a pound
of dyed yarn per shirt.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds of varn require 12 pounds of
Indanthrene black B double paste at SI. 90 = $22.80; 22.8 cents cost
of dye per pound of yarn — 0.065 (weight of dyed yarn per shirt) X
22.8 = cost of dye per shirt, =1.48 cents.
Fabric used, green striped madras; width, 32 inches; weight, 5
yards per pound. Cost of dye per shirt, 0.76 of a cent.^
Basis: 33^ yards required for one shirt; 1 yard = 0.2 of a pound;
33^X0.2 = 0.65 of a pound per shirt; 20 per cent of warp is dyed,
or 10 per cent of total fabric — 10 per cent of 0.65 = 0.065 of a pound
of dyed yarn per shirt.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds of yarn require 5 pounds of
Anthrene Jade green paste at $2.35 = $11.70; 11.7 cents cost of dye
per pound of yarn — 0.065 (weight of dyed yarn per shirt) XI 1.7 =
0.76. Cost of dye per shirt, =0.76 of a cent.
Costs of dyeing cotton yarn with vat dyes show a variation on a
range of colors of from 3 to 29 cents a pound (dyes only), averaging
about 11 cents a pound. Certain shades, however, were outside of
the above-mentioned limits. With sulphur dyes, dye cost per pound
of yarn ranged from 1 to 8 cents a pound, averaging from 3 to 4 cents
a pound. The sulphur dyes are not fast to the chlorine used in the
modern laundry process, while the vat dyes withstand this treatment.
It is greatly to the advantage of the ultimate consumer of cotton
wash goods containing colors to use cloth containing vat rather than
sulphur dyes, as the increased life of the colors in the fabric more
than balances the added dye cost.
PRINTED SHIRTINGS AND FABRICS
For cotton shirting (goods 36 inches wide and running from about
4 to 5 yards to the pound), printed with vat dyes, which withstand
the severe modern laundry treatment, the actual cost of dye per
yard necessarily shows a wide spread. It varies according to (1)
the printed pattern which may have a small figured effect, narrow
or a heavy stripe, or a heavy pattern in heavy shades covering a
large part of the fabric, and (2) the price of the dye or dyes consumed.
Data obtained from three print works for shirtings printed with
vat dyes showed a dye cost (not including chemicals) ranging from
0.1 cent per yard to 1 cent per yard for 1924 and 1925. Special
lines, however, showed a cost below and above these limits. Rep-
resentative samples of important styles showed a cost of 0.3 to 0.4
cent per yard.
Fabric used, cotton shirting printed with vat dyes; width, 36
inches; weight, 4 yards to pound. Cost of dye per shirt, 1.25 cents.
Basis: 3^ yards required for one shirt; 3 3^8 yards X 0.4 cent
(average cost per yard of dyes) = 1.25 — 1.25 cents, cost of vat dyes
per shirt.
For cotton shirting printed with basic and chrome colors the dye
cost ranged from 0.1 to 0.5 cent per yard. For printed heavy shades
» The cost of above shirt dyed with sulphur green instead of vat green is 0.49 of a cent per shirt. Calcu- •
lation of dye cost: 100 pounds of yarn require 5 pounds of Sulphur brilliant green 2Q at $1.50, which
equals $7.50, or 7.5 cents per pound — 0.0G5 (weight of dyed yarn per shirt) X7. 5=0. 487 of a cent Cost of
dye per shirt, =0.49 of a cent.
COTTON FABRICS AND GARMENTS 83
on such fabrics as cretonnes and crqDes the dye cost reaches 1.25
cents a yard; for cretonnes and heavy weight fabrics printed with
alizarin mordant dyes and vat dyes the cost amounted to several
cents a yard, and for full patterns in heavy shades it exceeded 15
cents per yard in some instances.
COTTON DRILL
Dyed with sulyhur dyes
Fabric used, cotton drill; shade, olive khaki; width, 36 inches;
weight, 2.6 yards per pound; method of dyeing, jig or machine.
Cost of dye per yard of fabric, 0.45 of a cent.
Average costs of three mills for khaki shades dyed with sulphur
dyes was 0.45 cent per yard. The cost when dyed by the jig is
higher than when dyed by a continuous machine. Between the
light and the heavy olive shades of khaki there is considerable varia-
tion in the cost of dye per yard because of the variation in the quan-
tity of dye required and in its cost per pound.
For olive khaki, dyed on the jig, a typical cost follows: 100 pounds
■of drills (2.6 yards per pound) require — ?>\i pounds of sulphur dark
brown GR at $0.23 = SO. 75; 1 pound of sulphur cutch O at $0.47 =
$0.47; 1 pound of sulphur yellow GA at $0.45 = $0.45; total, $1.67.
Cost of dye for 100 pounds of cotton drill = $1.67, or 1.67 cents per
pound of cloth; 1 yard of drill (2.6 yards per pound) = 0.384 of a
pound — 0.384 X 1.67 = 0.64 of a cent. Cost of dye per yard, = 0.64
of a cent.
COTTON BROADCLOTH, VAT DYED
Fabric used, broadcloth, light blue; width, 36-37 inches; weight,
4.8 yards per pound; count, 128X68; proportion dyed, 100 per
cent. Cost of dye per shirt, 2.2 cents.
Basis: 3^/^ yards required for one shirt; 1 yard = 0.208 of a
pound — 31^X0.208 = 0.65 of a pound per shirt.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds of broadcloth, equal to 480
yards, require 13^ pounds of Indanthrene blue GCD double paste
at $2.25 = $3.38 or 3.38 cents per pound equal to 0.705 of a cent
per yard — 3^/8X0.705 = 2.2 cents per shirt.
The same fabric dyed tan with vat dyes shows a cost of 1 cent
per yard.
Fabric used, broadcloth, violet; width, 36 inches; weight, 5.4
yards per pound; proportion dyed, 100 per cent. Cost of dye per
yard of fabric, 1.76 cents; cost of dye per pound of dye, Indanthrene
brilliant violet RK paste, $1.60.
Calculation of dye cost in fabric: 100 pounds of fabric, equal to
537 yards, require 5.9 pounds of dye at $1.60 = $9.44— 144= 1.76
cents.
The same fabric "dyed navy blue shows a cost of 1.1 cents per
yard, using 12 pounds of Sulphanthrene blue GR paste at $0.50 per
pound for 100 pounds of fabric.
COTTON PIECE GOODS
The following tabulation shows the cost of dye per yard for a
variety of cotton piece goods dyed with direct dyes, direct developed
dyes, sulphur dyes, and vat dyes:
84
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
COTTON FABRICS
Cost of dye per yard
Width
in
inches
Num-
ber of
yards
per
pound
Shade
Cost per
^ard of—
Fabric
Direct
dyes
Devel-
oped
dyes
Vat
dyesi
Sul-
phur
dyes
36
36
36
33
33
33
38
37
38
38
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
27
36
36
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
31
31
4
4
4
3.73
3.73
3.73
4.2
4.4
4.3
4.2
4.75
4.75
4.75
4.75
4.75
4.75
4.75
6
7.6
2.85
2.85
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
4.45
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
5.37
5.37
5.37
5.37
5.37
5.37
3.1
3.1
3.1
5
5
Gray
Cents
0.03
.87
.12
.12
.55
1.06
.035
.41
.96
.42
.03
Cents
Cents
I
Cents
Do
Seal brown
Do
Slate
Tan
Do
Slate
Navy
1
Pale blue ..
Do
Light brown
Do
Dark red
Do - -
Dark slate
Blue- _
Plain
Do
Slate
0.27
.55
Do
Green.. .
Do
Blue
0.68
Do
Slate
.38
.75
1.60
.90
Do
Blue...
Do
Seal brown
Do
Navy.
Do
Indigo
0. 14
Drill
Olive khaki
.47
Do
. do
.43
Broadcloth
Pink...
.03
.08
.16
.22
1.30
Do
Gray _.
Do.-. —
Rose
Helio.
""733"
i. 86
6.20
5.50
Do
Do
Light brown
. 19
Do
Light blue .
.07
Do
Blue
5.20
Do
.15
1.05
.31
1.18
Do
Navy_
1.30
Do
Tan
. 11
Do
Green
3.35
4.30
1.10
2.20
Do
Red orange
1.29
Do _
Drab..--
Do
Slate ...
Do
Violet. -
1.05
Plain - .
Green
3.35
1.50
4.30
5. 10
5.10
6.20
1.30
1.12
.88
1.10
1.76
8.75
.14
6.25
.39
1.39
3.10
6.00
.45
1.90
Do
Old rose
Do
Deep orange.
Do
Brown.-
Do
Middy blue
Do
Helio
Do
Pink
Do . -
Blue.-
Do
Yellow
Broadcloth
Navy
Do
Purple
Do
Do
Pink
Do
Green _.
Do
Blue
Do - —
Tomato..
Do
Deep brown .-
Do
Blue
Do
Violet
> The average cost for three plants for a range of vat-dyed cotton piece goods was from 3 to 4 cents per yard.
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER, SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS 85
Woolen and Worsted Fabrics and Garments
men's suit
Coat, vest, and pants
Fabric used, blue serge; weight, 14 ounces per yard; width, 54
inches. Cost of dye per suit, 11.1 cents.
Basis: 3}/2 yards of blue serge required for one suit; cost of dye
per yard, 2.31 cents^33^X 2.31 = 8.08 cents, cost of dye in serge.
Add 3 cents for cost of dye used in cloth ^ for pockets, vest, and
coat lining, sleeves, and vest back.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds, equal to 114.3 yards of
serge, require 4 pounds of chrome blue-black B at $0.55 = $2.20;
one-half pound of sulfon fast blue R at $0.85 = $0.43; total, $2.63.
Cost of dye per pound of fabric = 2.63 cents; tt^ = 2.31 cents
per yard.
Men's blue serge is an important staple in the worsted industry.
It is commonly piece dyed with chrome colors. Formerly the bottom
chrome colors were used. At present, however, the after chrome
dyes are in general use either alone or in conjunction with acid dyes
for shading. Certain plants use bottom chrome dyes, which may
be shaded with acid dyes. Acid dyes used alone find little applica-
tion for men's wear, although they are widely used for women's
wear.
Fabric used, cadet serge or letter-carrier cloth; weight, 12 ounces
per yard; width, 54 inches; method of dyeing, raw stock. Cost of
dye per suit, 6.12 cents.
Basis: 3^ yards of serge required for one suit; cost of dye per
yard, 0.89 of a cent— 3^ X 0.89 = 3.12 cents. Add 3 cents for cost
of dye in linings and pocket cloth; 6.12 cents cost of dye per suit.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds of wool require 12.6 pounds
of indigo paste at 14 cents = $1.76; cost of dye per pound of wool =
1.76 cents; 1 yard of 12-ounce fabric requires 13.5 ounces of wool,
of which 60 per cent is dyed, or 8.1 ounces — \^ X 1.76 = 0.89 of a cen]b,
cost of dye per yard of fabric.
POLICE UNIFORM
Fabric used, navy or police cloth; weight, 16 ounces per yard;
width, 54 inches; dyed in raw stock. Cost of dye per suit, 19.1 cents.
Basis: 33^ yards for one suit; cost of dye per yard = 4.6 cents —
4.6X33^=16.1 cents. Add 3 cents for cost of dye in linings and
pocket cloths.
Calculation of dye cost: 1 yard, or 18 ounces, of finished fabric
requires 24 ounces of dyed wool; 100 pounds wool require 18 pounds
indigo paste at $0.14 = $2.52; 1 pound ahzarin paste at $0.55 = $0.55;
total, $3.07. Cost of dye per pound of wool = 3.07 cents — fl X3.07 =
4.6 cents cost of dye per yard.
Navy uniform cloth is dyed with an alizarin bottom and an indigo
top. Police cloth, however, is frequently dyed with straight indigo,
omitting the alizarin bottom.
8 Figures from ready-cut suit manufacturers show, for pockets, l.'a yards of silesia (36 inches wide); sleeve
lining, three-fourths yard (40 inches), printed sateen; vest back, three-fourths yard sateen or mohair (36
inches wide); and for vest and coat lining, 24 yards of 30 to 36 inch goods, such as Venetian or mohair.
86 census of dyes and othee synthetic chemicals
men's overcoat
Fabric used, milton; weight, 20 ounces per yard; width, 54 inches;
rnethod of dyeing, raw stock. Cost of dye per coat, 19.2 cents.
Basis: 3 yards used for one coat; cost of dye per yard, 5.4 cents —
3X5.4 = 16.2 cents. Add 3 cents, cost of dye in lining and pocket
cloth. Cost of dye in coat =19.2 cents.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds wool requires 6 pounds
chrome black T, at $0.65 = S3. 90; one-fourth pound chrome yellow
GN, at $0.60 = S0.15; total, $4.05. Cost of dye per pound of wool,
4.05 cents; 90 per cent of fabric is dyed wool or 18 ounces per yard.
Add 18 per cent for loss of dyed wool in manufacture — 3.24 + 18 =
21.24 ounces dyed wool per yard; ^^2^X4.05 = 5.4 cents per yard.
women's SUIT
Fabric used, fancy worsted, gray; weight, 10 ounces per yard;
width, 56 inches. Cost of dye per suit, 4.5 cents.
Basis: 334 yards per suit — 3 3^ X $0.62 (cost of dye per yard)
2.015 cents. Add 2.5 cents, cost of dye for pocket and lining cloth =
4.515 cents.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds of fabric, equal 160 yards,
require 2% ounces fast light yellow 2G, at $2 per pound, $0.34375;
13^ ounces fast light red BL, at $2.25 per pound = $0.2109; IM
ounces alizarin saphirol SE, at $4 per pound = $0.4375; total, $0,992;
-8j%f = 0.62 cents per yard. These are representative for light shades
only which have been in recent vogue.
Fabric used, silk stripe worsted; weight, 10 ounces per yard;
width, 56 inches. Cost of dye per suit, 9.42 cents.
Basis: 334 yards per suit — 33^X2.13 (cost of dye per yard) = 6.92
cents. Add 2.5 cents, cost of dye for pocket and lining cloth = 9.42
cents.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds of fabric, equal 160 yards,
require 2^ pounds Chrome violet S. W. at $1.30 = $3.41 — f|^ = 2.13
cents per yard.
Fabric used, silk stripe worsted, black; weight, 10 ounces per yard;
width, 56 inches. Cost of dye per suit, 20.79 cents.
Basis: 334 yards of fabric for one suit — 334 X 5.63 =cost of dye
per suit= 18.29. Add 2.5 cents, cost of dye in pocket and lining
cloth = 20.79.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds of fabric, equal to 160 j^ards,
require 6 pounds of chrome black S. W. at $1. 50 = $9.00— fi^ = 5.63
cents, cost of dye per yard.
women's overcoat
Fabric used: Bolivia cloth, black; weight, 21 ounces per yard;
width, 54 inches; piece dyed. Cost of dye per coat, 37.1 cents.
Basis: 334 yards of Bolivia cloth for one coat; cost of dye per yard,
10.2 cents — 334 ^ 10.2 = 33.1 cents. Add for dye in lining and pocket
cloth, 4 cents. Cost of dye in coat, 37.1 cents.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds of cloth (76.2 yards) requires
12.5 pounds of acid black lOB at $0.62 = $7.75. Cost of dye per
pound of fabric = 7.75 cents — f^'=10.2 cents. Cost of dye per
yard, 10.2 cents.
WOOLEN AND WORSTED FABRICS AND GARMENTS
87
WOOLEN AND WORSTED FABRICS
Cost of dye per yard
Fabric
Width
in
inches
Weight
per
yard
Shade
Acid
dyes
Chrome
dyes
Other
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
56
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
56
56
56
56
56
56
55
55
55
55
55
55
56
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
10
14
14
14
14
12.5
10
12
18
15
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
11
10
10
10
10
10
10
18
22
16
18
20
22
30
11
11
11
20
16
21
21
18
21
21
18
21
21
Blue
Cents
Cents
2.36
2.4
2.85
4.50
1.7
8
Cents
Do . . .
do
with acid dyes.
Do
Do . ...
do... ..
Do
Do
do
Do
Do
do
do
Do.
Do
Piece dyed.
Do.
Do
do
do .
2.2
Do . .
0.9
1.39
Dyed raw stock* 60
Do
do
per cent dyed in-
digo, 40 per cent un-
dyed.
Do.
Do
Black
7
Piece dyed.
Do.
Slate...
.85
.66
1.45
1.27
.28
1.02
1.4
3.1
Do
Light brown..
Brown
Blue...
Do.
Do...
Do.
Do
Do.
Do
Pale green
Gray.
Do.
Do
Do.
Do
Brown
Black
Do.
Do
Do.
Fancy worsted, silk
Gray
i.06
2.84
.61
6
8
1.5
"""."54"
.66
3.9
4.35
4.9
7.4
12.4
Do.
stripe.
Do
Slate
Do.
Do 1-.
Light brown..
Navy. ..
Do.
Do
Do.
Do
Black '.^ _
Do.
Do
Red
Do.
Cadet.
Raw stock; 50 per cent
dyed indigo, 50 per
cent undved.
Do.
cloth.
Do
do
Police cloth
Navy..
Do
do
alizarin bottom in-
digo top.
Do.
Do...
do
Do.
Navy overcoating
do
Do.
Do .
do
Do.
Woolen suiting
Light gi'ay
.31
.61
2.6
5
Raw stock; 10 per cent
dyed black, 90 per
cent undyed.
Raw stook; 20 per cent
Do
Dark gray. ..
Do
Brown ....
dyed black, 80 per
cent undyed.
Raw stock; 50 per cent
djed brown, 50 per
cent undjed.
Raw stock; 90 per cent
dyed black, 10 per
cent und:,ed.
Piece dyed.
Do
Cloaking
Black
Women's cloaking
Gray
.75
3.7
5.7
6
9
3.7
12
16.2
10.2
Do
Brown
do
Red
Do
Do.
Do
Do.
Do
do ....
Blue
Do
Do
Do
Do _.
Navy
do
Black
Do.
Do
Do
Do...
Do
■ SILK AND OTHER FABRICS
The silk industry, as compared with the cotton and wool industry,
has been a small consumer of fast dyes. Brilliancy and purity rather
than fastness to washing and light have been emphasized as the
color requirements for silk. Until recently there has been little
insistence on the part of the consumer for fast-dyed silks. It is true
591&— 26t 7
88 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
that silk fabrics are not as a rule subjected to such severe treatment
as the laundry process for cotton goods, nor are they exposed to
weather and light as are men's worsted and woolen suiting and over-
coatings. The prevalence of silks for dress material, however, has
resulted in a demand for wash silks with good fastness to light and
perspiration. Silks with poor fastness to washing entail the more
expensive dry-cleaning process.
In response to the increasing demand for silk fabrics in fast colors
for women's dresses and wearing apparel, a number of firms are now
(1926) dyeing silk goods with colors that will stand washing, light,
and perspiration. For these the direct developed and the vat dyes
promise to have increasing use. The difference in cost between the
fast and the fugitive colors is a relatively small percentage of the
total value of the fabric, and the use of a fast color increases the life
of the fabric.
The following tabulation shows the cost of dye per yard in a variety
of silk and silk mixed fabrics, most of which were dyed with direct
and acid dyes. For some of them basic dyes were used. Many of
the wash silks use developed direct dyes, and an increasing amount
of vat dyed yarn is used for woven color effect in wash goods.
Silk Fabrics and Garments
silk dress
Fabric used, plain silk; weight, 10 yards per pound; width, 36
inches.
Cost of dye per dress: Color — Light pink, 0.15 of a cent; French
gray, 0.10 of a cent; light blue, 0.55 of a cent; navy blue, 2.48 of a
cent; purple, 0.23 of a cent; brown, 1.44 of a cent.
Basis: Four yards per dress.
Calculation of dye cost:
Light pink — 100 pounds of fabric, equal to 1,000 yards,
require 2 ounces of direct fast red 8BL, at $3 per pound ^
$0.375 — f^5^ = 0.0375 of a cent, cost of dye per yard.
French gray — 100 pounds of fabric, equal to 1,000 yards,
require 2 ounces direct fast black L. N. at $1.30 per
pound = $0.16; ^^ ounce direct fast orange S. at $1.65 per
pound = $0.077 — ytw = 0-024 of a cent, cost of dye per
yard, $0,241.
Light blue — 100 pounds of fabric, equal to 1,000 yards, require
l}4 pounds of direct sky blue FF at $1 per pound = $1.25;
0.1 pound direct red R. T. at $1.30 per pound = $0.13;
total, $1.38— tV?A = 0.138 of a cent per yard.
Navy blue — 100 pounds of fabric, equal to 1,000 yards, require
5.3 pounds of direct blue 3B at $1.10 per pound = $5.83
one-half pound of direct green B at $0.80 per pound = $0.40;
total, $6.23 — yViTV = 0.62 of a cent, cost of dye per yard.
Purple — 100 pounds of fabric, equal to 1,000 yards, require
10 ounces of methyl violet N at $0.92 per pound = $0.575 —
tWTr = 0.057 of a cent, cost of dye per yard.
Brown — 100 pounds of fabric, equal to 1,000 yards, require
2 pounds direct fast scarlet S at $1.65 per pound = $3.30;
3 ounces direct fast blue RL at $1.90 per pound = $0.36;
total, $3.66 — r¥jy% = 0.36 of a cent, cost of dye per yard.
SILK FABRICS AND GARMENTS 89
Developed direct dyes:
Red — 100 pounds of fabric equal to 1,000 yards, require 3
pounds diazo red 7BL at $3 per pound = $9 — ja^ = 0.9of
a cent per yard.
Red — 100 pounds of fabric, equal to 1,000 yards, require 4
pounds of diazo red 5BL at $2.50 per pound = $10 — {%%%
= 1 cent, cost of dye per yard of fabric.
Blue — 100 pounds of fabric, equal to 1,000 yards, require 43^-
pounds of diazo blue BR at $2.50 per pound = $11. 25 —
HM=^ 1.1 cents per yard.
cr£;pe
Fabric, silk wool crepe; weight, 3 yards per pound; width, 37
inches; color, navy. Cost of dye per yard of fabric, 3.23 cents.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds of fabric, equal to 300 yards,
require 4.5 pounds direct sky blue FF at $1 per pound = $4.50; 6.5
pounds direct blue RW at $0.80 per pound = $5.20; total, $9.70—
U^ = 3.23 cents per yard.
Fabric, silk cotton crepe; weight, 4.8 yards per pound; width, 38
inches; color, brown. Cost of dye per yard, 0.7 of a cent.
Calculation of dye cost: 100 pounds of fabric, equal to 483 yards,
require 2.5 pounds of triazol yellow 2G at $0.90 per pound = $2.25;
0.5 pound of direct fast black L at $0.95 per pound = $0.47; 0.4
pound of direct fast brown GR at $0.60 per pound = $0.24; 0.2 pound
of direct scarlet 3B at $2.25 per pound = $0.45; total, $3.41— 1|^ =
0.70 of a cent per yard.
90 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
SILK AND MISCELLANEOUS FABRICS
Cost of dye per yard
Fabric
Width
in
inches
Number
of yards
per
pound
Shade
Cost per
yard of
dye
Plain silk ._
36
36
36
38
39
39
40
39
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
50
50
36
36
37
37
40
38
38
41
41
44
40
50
50
50
50
37-38
37-38
37-38
10
10
10
18
18
18
17
12
Light blue.
Cents
0.15
Do - -.
Seal brown
.99
Do -
Navy.. ...
.62
.03 6
Do
Slate
.28
Do -
Brown
.34
Do
Navy
1.9
Taffeta - . - . .
do
4.6
Cr6pe - -
Pink
.016
Do
.03
Do
Red
.32
Do - -
Brown
.42
Do ---
Navy.. ....
1.93
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
8.8
8.8
8.8
8.8
.19
Do -
Blue
.28
D3 - -.-
Tan
.02
Do - ..- -
Seal brown
2.87
Satin - -
Yellow
.54
Do -
Brown . . . .
3.27
Do -
5.37
Satin (silk and cotton)
Peach
.20
Do...
Brown
4.82
Do
Green . .
3.08
Do
7.7
7.7
5.3
5.3
6
4.8
4.8
4.8
Light blue
.038
Do
.50
Do
Bordeaux
1.56
Do
Violet...
2.8
Rayon and cotton . ............
Lavender . .
.32
Navy . . . .
1.52
Do .-
.7
Yellow
.69
Do - .
Purple . . .
1. 14
Brown. . . .
2 73
Do
Dark brown . .
6.45
Velour (silk and cotton)
Slate
3.26
Do
Brown
5.56
Violet
9.29
Do
Purple. .
19.23
3
3
3
Slate -
.49
Do
Blue
2.8
Do
Navy
3.2
PART IV
DYES IMPORTED FOR CONSUMPTION IN THE
UNITED STATES, 1925
91
Part IV
DYES IMPORTED FOR CONSUMPTION IN THE UNITED
STATES, 1925
Introduction
Since 1919 the United States Tariff Commission has annually com-
piled a detailed census of dye imports similar to that published by the
Department of Commerce under the title "Artificial Dyestuffs Used
in the United States (fiscal year 1913-14)," commonly known as the
"Norton Import Census."
The commission first compiled such statistics for use in the adminis-
tration of section 501, Title 5, of the tariff act of September 8, 1916,
which made the continuance of specific duties on coal-tar products,
after September 8, 1921, dependent upon the production in the United
States of as much as 60 per cent in value of the consumption of these
products. As the information was found to be of direct value to
manufacturers, consumers, and importers, as well as to the commission
itself, in considering tariff aspects of the coal-tar chemical industry,
the annual census of imports has been continued.
Imports for consumption for the year 1925, including warehouse
withdrawals for dyes and other products within paragraphs 27 and 28
have been compiled and published each month under a cooperative
arrangement between the chemical divisions of the Department of
Commerce and the Tariff Commission. Certain discrepancies will
be found to exist between the final figures published under this arrange-
ment for the year 1925 and the preliminary figures published in the
monthly reports for the reason that in checking the preliminary
figures, minor errors were corrected and a few additions made.
In tabulating the dye statistics the commission has followed in the
main the "Colour Index," issued by the British Society of Dyers and
Colourists, and the "Schultz Farbstofftabellen," and other sources of
information in the files.
Such dyes as could not be identified by Colour Index numbers are
classified by the ordinary method of application, as follows: Acid, basic,
direct, lake and spirit soluble, mordant and chrome, sulphur, and vat.
The classification of a dye by its method of application is often purely
arbitrary, as certain colors may be applied by either of two methods.
The rate of exchange used in converting foreign invoice values to
United States currency is either the rate given on the invoice, or, in
comparatively few cases, the exchange value published by the
Treasury Department for the month in which consular certification
occurred.
93
94
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
SUMMARY OF IMPORTS OF DYES
The total import of coal-tar dyes in 1925 was 5,209,601 pounds,
valued at $4,637,240, as compared with 3,022,539 pounds in 1924,
with an invoice value of $2,908,778. (For comparison of imports
with domestic production and effect of change in duty on imports,
see pp. 39, 42.)
Table 27.
-Imports of dyes into the United States, by country of shipment,
1920-1925 1
Country of shipment
Germany
Switzerland
England
Italy
Belgium...
Canada
France
Holland
All other countries.
Percentage of total quantity
1925 1924 1923 1921 1920
« 1922 omitted.
2 Included in "all other countries."
IMPORT STATISTICS
Table 31, page 98, shows the quantity and the value (when publish-
able) of individual dyes imported in 1925. Table 28 is a summary of
dyes imported from 1921 to 1925, inclusive, classified according to
method of application. Table 29 compares the volume of the 1925
imports of the leading dyes in each class by application with corre-
sponding imports in the period 1923 to 1924 and in the fiscal year 1914.
Table 28. — Dyes imported into the United States, classified by method of application,
1921-1925
1925
1924
1923
Class of dye
Pounds
Per
cent of
total
Pounds
Per
cent of
total
Pounds
Per
cent of
total
Acid
589, 959
1,952
2,410,890
11.32
.04
46.39
324, 538
5,471
1, 493, 851
10.74
.18
49.43
544, 048
17.56
Vat:
(b) Vat (other than indigo)
1, 207, 554
38.98
Total.-
2,418,842
46.43
1,499,322
49.61
1,207,554
38.98
Mordant and chrome:
(a) Alizarin. . .
75, 174
566, 924
1.45
10.88
42, 695
371,207
27, 716
425, 699
.89
(6) Mordant and chrome
13.74
Total.
642, 098
12.33
413, 902
13.69
453,415
14.63
Direct
759, 024
122, 230
607, 637
57, 540
12, 271
14.57
2.35
11.66
1.10
.24
421, .538
87, 764
249, 0f)8
17, 334
9,073
13.95
2.90
8.24
.,57
.30
527,014
114,023
210, 896
23, 213
18,030
17.01
Sulphur
3.68
Basic
6.81
Spirit-soluble and color-lake
Unidentified, unclassified special
.75
.58
Total
5, 209, 601
100. 00
3,022,539
100. 00
3, 098, 193
100.00
DYES IMPORTED FOR CONSUMPTION
95
Table 28. — Dyes imported into the United States, classified by method of application,
1921-1925 — Continued
Class of dye
Acid
Vat:
(o) Indigo
(6) Vat (other than indigo)..
Total
Mordant and chrome:
(a) Alizarin
(6) Mordant and chrome
Total
Direct
Sulphur -.- -.
Basic ..■
Spirit-soluble and color-lake
Unidentified, unclassified special
Total
Pounds
601, 395
505
1, 548, 519
1,549,024
27, 086
689, 704
716, 790
671,621
194, 883
155, 084
76, 853
16, 981
3, 982, 631
Per
cent of
total
15.10
.01
38.89
38.90
.68
17.32
18.00
16.86
4.89
3.89
1.93
.43
100.00
1921
Pounds
1,455,823
70, 975
1,045,370
1,116,345
136, 283
559, 678
695, 961
537, 664
220, 938
163, 527
43, 553
19, 100
4,252,911
Per
cent of
total
34.24
1.66
24.59
26.25
3.58
12.78
16.36
12.64
5.20
3.84
1.02
.45
100.00
Table 29. — Dyes of each class, according to method of application, imported in
largest quantity in the calendar year 1925, compared with corresponding imports
in 1924, 1923, 1922, and in the fiscal year 1914
Color
Index
No.
Schultz
No.
Class and type name of dye '
1925
1914
671
714
833
430
712
691
307
735
828
667
1077
645
717
32
1087
715
1222
1113
1228
1118
1184
1097
1229
1095
1212
1217
1114
1151
1152
1096
1170
1169
1102
506
545
543
523
265
564
672
503
860
548
182
851
546
901
842
907
849
881
761
908
759
918
913
795
792
765
ACID DYES
Erioglaucine
Patent blue A
Wool fast blue BL, GL
Polar red._
Patent blue V_..
Fast green
Acid milling black B
Indocyanine B
Naphthalene green
.\zo carmine GX
Erioviridine B
Polar orange
Alizrarin direct blue BQAOO.
Kiton fast yellow
Acid violet 6 BN
Brilliant sulphon red..
Alizarin direct blue B
Cyanol
Neolan blue
Brilliant milling blue B
V.\T DYES
Ciba violet B, R
Indanthrene blue GCD
Ciba scarlet
Idanthrene yellow G, R
Brilliant indigo 4B
Indanthrene golden orange R.
Ciba red R
Anthraflavone GC
Indanthrene red violet RH
Helindone printing black RD.
Hydron orange RF
Hydron pink FF
Indanthrene blue BCS
Indanthrene brown R
Indanthrene brown G
Indanthrene golden orange G_
Hydron brown G, R
Cibanone yellow R
Cibanone orange R
Indanthrene black BB
Pounds
35, 295
31,097
30, 248
28, 584
24, 892
18, 967
17, 635
16, 521
15, 299
15, 166
13, 946
13, 386
10, 985
10, 023
10,008
9,923
9,400
8,995
8,813
8,400
Pounds
28, 655
10, 715
4,940
7,756
23, 606
30, 721
9,484
7,900
4,357
6,200
4,796
2,204
7,817
(^)
700
11,373
3,310
3,688
220
6,200
82, 598
68, 450
40,200
39, 771
5,783
112, 339
17, 635
35, 936
29, 038
8,300
37, 077
50,460
39, 350
71,313
18, 155
76, 046
42, 681
21,035
9,704
16, 739
Pounds
38, 254
11,872
2.264
15,031
66, 279
17, 190
15, 543
3,500
13, 328
7,218
8,825
6,908
4,618
(2)
957
7,414
240
19, 979
991
8,540
64,517
70, 546
37, 524
87, 946
6,417
79, 717
7.388
27, 721
21,916
Pounds
25, 852
3,436
11,484
14, 926
49, 136
52, 498
14,858
2,800
19, 298
9,327
1,661
1,329
20, 648
(2)
9,980
9,557
500
20, 658
330
872
131,661
16, 802
33, 246
15, 507
205, 582
78, 145
25, 188
20, 594
32, 819
22, 571
3 55, 428
13, 040
55. 081
18, 074
67, 265
4,065
8,373
5,060
40, 420
9,240
3 20, 250
239, 505
16, 778
3,234
73, 305
754
16, 367
23, 136
2,676
1 The type name represents in most cases the principal color imported in 1925.
2 Included in Schultz No. 19.
8 Includes Hydron pink FB.
5919— 26t 8
Pounds
66, 526
63, 744
19,238
2,821
196, 228
14, 347
69, 590
23, 138
22, 144
17,500
40, 868
805
3,157
6,861
4,871
40, 015
20, 836
478, 980
22, 265
12, 683
16,880
50, 496
1,001
7,143
27, 874
14, 489
1,596
20, 092
1,600
96
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 29. — Dyes of each class, according to method of application, imported in
largest quantity in the calendar year 1925, compared with corresponding imports
in 192J^, 1923, 1922, and in the fiscal year 1914 — Continued
Color
Index
No.
Schultz
No.
Class and type name of dye
1925
1924
1923
1922
1914
1027
778
862
637
855
858
783
551
779
854'
804
785
780
784
865
856
635
273
358
449
319
681
457
573
571
606
660
603
608
559
538
516
MORDANT AND CHROME DYES
Alizarin (synthetic) ...
Pounds
75, 174
51, 066
36, 021
34, 352
30, 425
28, 281
28, 093
24, 450
24, 382
21, 798
16, 359
15, 152
15, 000
14, 402
12, 506
11, 276
10, 124
9,503
8,705
7,983
34, 268
33, 941
31,943
28,631
28, 435
25, 815
25, 165
22, 961
17, 629
16, 899
13, 4,53
13, 002
12, 000
11,933
11,571
10, 521
10, 329
10, 007
9,920
9,797
' 228, 105
7 118, 163
' 75, 700
27, 760
20, 045
17, 353
15, 622
13, 389
10, 882
9,377
9,142
8,200
6,124
5,741
4,842
57, 924
18, 383
5,001
4,970
4,830
4,408
Pounds
42, 695
78, 195
Pounds
27, 716
70, 917
29, 244
9.132
26, 615
Pounds
27, 086
22, 277
29, 237
14, 993
46, 596
Pounds
202, 392
54, 706
1085
Alizarin blue black
894
Qallamine blue
2,756
1088
Alizarin sky blue B
20, 729
40, 600
271
12, 664
15, 202
5,778
8,152
9,385
9,500
3,611
11, 773
7,636
16, 117
19, 471
1054
Alizarin saphirol B
77, 148
1037
Purpurine
720
Eriochrome azurol EC
43, 191
15,523
21, 060
14, 239
(5)
1033
Alizarin orange
8,444
1053
Alizarin saphirol SE
1084
Alizarin viridine FF
17.217
7.948
12, 528
7,000
25, 017
8,206
16, 241
11, 224
25, 910
32, 916
6,500
3,251
25, 872
7,795
11,669
8,155
1067
Alizarin blue S
21 231
1039
Alizarin YCA
49 021
Metachrome blue black
399
1034
A lizarin red S
53, 154
1040
Alizarin SX
1078
Alizarin cvanine green ... . .
2,000
1075
Alizarin astrol
Alizarin light gray BS
Acid alizarin gray G .
7, 025
1,925
30, 202
4.849
23, 970
11,608
17, 268
24, 020
« 17, 118
4,735
« 13, 781
3,550
4,601
7 602
11, 763
13, 526
990
13, 558
1,102
88, 778
21, 160
7,555
3,874
7,715
18, 188
22, 420
33, 945
12, 898
45, 697
« 36, 920
7,490
9,797
14. 137
10,913
9,808
8,719
892
Modern violet
DIRECT DYES
Chlorantine fast brown
Chlorantine fast violet
316
Diaininogene blue-
8,308
436
Chlorantine red 8 BN
14, 305
Chlorantine fast blue
561
Trisulphon brown B
26. 980
« 14, 782
8,458
10, 126
9,950
7,032
2,205
17, 793
16, 781
653
Pyrazol orange .
1,256
Brilliant skv blue
4,002
992
Diphenyl fast brown GNC
382
Diamine scarlet 3B
28, 887
Diazo brilliant scarlet
38, 909
349
Chlorantine fast yellow 4GL
Diamine fast orange
17, 387
Diaminogene blue GG
Chicago red III
« 2, 305
5,132
6,801
14, 754
6,614
1,700
' 97, 254
7 57. 375
(')
24. 300
100
4,031
4,525
4,533
1,550
325
2,172
16, 150
5,407
502
29,083
31, 242
(»)
42, 176
505
9,349
9,483
1,722
5,104
859
12, 608
37. 648
6,172
1,744
5,077
13, 545
51,711
6,069
711
3,476
3,442
13, 195
Diazo brilliant green 3G
873
Direct gray R paste
577
Trisulphon brown OG
7,562
Diazophenyl black V... . ..
Diazo brown
5, 134
749
BASIC DYES
Rhodamine B
59, 354
752
Rhodaniine 6G
37, 515
Rhodamine 6GDN
793
Phosphine
168. 225
924
Methylene green
30. 812
788
Acridine orange
2,336
797
Euchrvsine
15, 403
729
Victoria blue B
127, 769
706
Methyl Lvons blue...
55
681
Crystal violet..
4.239
(')
3,245
1,306
3,867
6,842
35, 246
16,060
6,001
3. 738
m
6.443
6,129
3,498
20, 283
26, 242
28,802
4.331
(»)
2,060
2,746
1,198
6,765
27, 834
48,750
3,757
26, 682
51, 872
789
66.3
Patent pliosphine
28, 627
927
New methylene blue
30, 392'
926
661
496
618
ThionineblueGO
18, 618
658
Setoglaucine
815
Thioflavine T
35, 224
SULPHUR DYES
Cross dye green
lOO
Thionol brown
Thional brilliant blue
Thionol yellow.
Thionol direct blue S
Pvroeene ereen OK..
(10)
* Included in Schultz No. 858.
5 Included in Schultz No. 804.
* Approximate figures.
' Single strength basis.
8 Included in Schultz No. 571.
» Included in Schultz No. 606.
'1 Included in Schultz No. 746.
DYES IMPORTED FOR CONSUMPTION
97
The following table gives the stocks of coal-tar dyes and interme-
diates remaining in bonded warehouse each month since January 31,
1925, as published in the Monthly Summary of Foreign Commerce
by the Department of Commerce.
Table 30. — Dyes remaining in bonded customs warehouse January 31, 1925, to
April SO, 1926
Date
Coal-tar
dyes and
colors
Coal-tar
interme-
diates
Date
Coal-tar
dyes and
colors
Coal-tar
interme-
diates
Jan. 31, 1925
Pounds
571,371
566, 038
653, 020
668, 365
734, 705
825, 528
775,916
767,431
Pounds
952, 202
961,406
1, 050, 539
1, 048, 334
1, 087, 745
1,171,383
1,378,837
1, 363, 760
Sept. 30, 1925- .
Pounds
709, 381
609, 750
521,238
633, 525
703, 169
596, 164
447. 588
359, 164
Pounds
1,359,717
Feb. 28, 1925
Oct. 31, 1925 -
1, 056, 241
746, 226
Mar. 31, 1925- . ..
Nov. 30, 1925 . .-
Apr. 30, 1925--
Dec. 31, 1925-..
758,618
May 31, 1925
Jan. 31, 1926
763, 409
June 30, 1925
Feb. 28, 1926
855, 170
July 31, 1925 .
Mar. 31, 1926
896, 530
Aug. 31, 1925
Apr. 30, 1926 . -
928, 593
Key To Abbreviations Used in Table
1. THE leading GERMAN COMPANIES
A Actien-Gesellschaft fiir Anilin-Fabrikation, Berlin. Founded 1873.
B Badische Anilin-und-Soda-Fabrik, Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine.
Founded 1865.
By Farbenfabriken, vormals Friedr. Bayer & Co., Leverkusen-on-the-
Rhine. Founded 1862.
C Leopold Cassella & Co., Frankfort-on-the-Main. Founded 1870.
K Kalle, & Co., A. G. Biebrich-on-the-Rhine. Founded 1870.
M Farbwerke, vormals Meister-Lucius & Briining, Hochst-on-the-
Main. Founded 1862.
AG Actien-Gesellschaft fiir Anilin-Fabrikation, Berlin and Chemische
Fabrik Griesheim-Electron, Ofifenbach-on-the-Main.
2. THE SMALLER GERMAN COMPANIES
BK Leipziger Anilinfabrik Beyer & Kegel, FUrstenberg, near Leipzig.
Founded 1882.
CJ Carl Jiiger G. m. b. H., Anilinfarbenfabrik, Diisseldorf. Founded
1823.
GrE Chemische Fabrik Griesheim-Electron, Offenbach-on-the-Main.
Founded 1S42.
L Farbwerk Miihlheim, vormals A. Leonhardt & Co., Miihlheim-on-
Main. Founded 1879.
tM Chemische Fabriken, formals Weiler ter Meer, Uerdingen-on-the-
Rhine. Founded 1877.
3. FRENCH COMPANIES
CN Compagnie Nationale de Matieres Colorantes et Produits Chimi-
ques. Founded 1917.
StD Societe Anonyme des Matieres colorantes et produits chimiques
St. Denis (formerly A. Poirrier), St. Denis, near Paris, France.
Founded 1830.
4. SWISS COMPANIES, ALL AT BASEL
DH Farbwerke vormals L. Durand, Huguenin & Co. Founded 1871.
G Anilinfarben-und-Extract-Fabriken, vormals Joh. Rud. Geigy.
Founded 1764.
I Gesellschaft fiir chemische Industrie. Founded 1885.
S Chemische Fabrik, vormals Sandoz & Co. Founded 1887.
98
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
5. ENGLISH COMPANIES
Bro^ Brotherton & Co. (Ltd.), City Chambers, Leeds.
B. A. C British Alizarine Co. (Ltd.), Manchester.
B. C British Celanese (Ltd.), London.
B. D. C British Dyestuffs Corporation (Ltd.), London.
Lo Charles Lowe & Co., Manchester.
SD Scottish Dyes (Ltd.) , Grangemouth.
Q Importations of unknown source, through dealers in colors.
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1^25
Color
Schultz
No.
Name of dye
Manu-
facturer
Imports
Index
No.
Quantity
Invoice
value
2
7
"""137'
38
182
58
56
61
64
73
82
83
154
96'
94
129
118
119
121
140
141
144
132
152
153
159
iei"
173
177
175
194'
211
212
Total
Pounds
5, 209, 601
$4, 637, 240
Fast printinpc green..- . _ ,.
2
1,173
Fast printing green. _ . .
By
Nitrosine NN ..
DH.
10
Naphthol yellow S... .-.
!..._.
66
20
60
11
Amido yellow E
M
16
Fast yellow . _
Fast yellow extra
By....
Hansa yellow lOG
M
27
Orange crystals. _. . . . . . _
B . .
. 180
9, 923
32
Brilliant sulphon red .
9,761
Brilliant sulphon red B
S.... . .
Brilliant sulphon red 5B
S
Brilliant sulphon red lOB
S-..,
40
Metachronie orange ... .
225
Alizarin yellow R . . .
BDC
Metachronie orange R
A .
44
Nitrosaminc red paste . .
B
1,800
44
2.730
2,032
53
Azo violet 4BS.
StD.
B...
54
Sorrel red X _
69
Sitara fast red
Helio fast red RL
By
Sitara fast red RL _. . .
tM
79
Scarlet 2R .
S
500
10
100
80
Ponceau 3 R
GrE
98
Palatine chrome brown .. . .
Pilatus chrome brown QQX... .
B
104
Metachronie olive brown G _
Bro
A
6,000
100
1,500
2,524
1,398
112
Chrome fast yellow 2 G
114
Guinea fast red 2R
A
0
124
Chromazone red new cone . _ ..^
127
Brilliant geranine
1,650
Brilliant geranine B
By
By
Geranine G . __
By
128
Diamine rose
200
Diamine rose BD
C
Diamine rose GD ..
C.
130
ErikaB
, 700
Erika B cone .
S .
Erika B extra _. ......
Ao:
145
Jasmine, highly cone
G
5,510
44
275
20
20
20
6,205
500
44
65
146
Citronine 2AEJ
StD
B.
M
150
Oranges ... .. . . ..
158
'Lake red P paste... ..
163
Brilliant carminogene 3B
M..
M
S
165
Lake red C . . .
172
Acid alizarin black R.. _. ..
173
Metachronie violet B paste
AG
StD
176
Roccelline. ... ... .
189
LithoIredR . ..
Stone red R paste
B
Stone red R pdr. (Single strength).
B .
195
Alizarin yellow QD .
S...
700
1,872
196
Acid ponceau.. ... ....
Acid ponceau E ,-..,...
0
Silk ponceau _.
StD
219
Eriochrome flavine A cone... ..
Q. .
3,306
600
226
Thiazine red . ...
Thiazinored RXX
B
Trident red RXX
B
■
234
Resorcine brown . .,.
A
. 50
15
239
Fast brown G
GrE.'.....
• DYES IMPORTED FOR CONSUMPTION 99
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
Schulta
No.
220
217
227
233
247
257
2.57
264
265
266
273
274
279
279
284
296
306
308
3i3
315
319
320
326
327
332
Name of dye
Palatine black
Pilatus black SF
Naphthalene black
Alaska black lOBX
Naphthalene black 12B extra conc..
Cotton scarlet e.xtra
Cloth red B
Chlorantine fast red
Benzo fast red 8BL
Benzo fast rubine BL
Chlorantine fast red 7BL
Diamine last red 8BL
Diamine fast rubine FB
Fast cotton red 8BL
Imperial scarlet 3B
I'^ulphoncy&nine G
Coomassie navy blue
Cloth fast blue GTB
Coomassie navy blue ONX
Fast sulphcn black F
Acid milling black B-
Naphtliylamine black 4B
Diaminogcne blue
blue NA
Developing blue 2R
Diaminogene blue NA
.Diazamine blue bR cone
Diaminogene
Black (Diaminogene) extra
Diamine neron BB
Diiizo fiist black MG
Benzo fast heliotrope -.
Benzo fast heliotrope BL
Benzo fast heliotrope 2RL.
Brilliant benzo fast violet BL
Chlorazol fast heliotrope BK
Diamine azo orange RR
Diazo brilliant orange - -.
Developed brilliant orange GR
Diazo brilliant orange GR
Diazo briliiant scarlet ROA
Diamine brilliant violet B
Brilliant benzo violet B..
Diamine brilliant violet B
Diamine fast violet FFBN, FFRN.
Naphthamine light violet 2B
Benzo last orange
Benzo fast orange S
Benzo fast orange WS
Benzo fast scarlet 5BS
Benzo fast scarlet 8BS
Benzo fast scarlet OS
Benzo fast scarlet 4BS
Vesuvine BLX -.-
Cotton yellow G extra...
Chlorantine fast yellow 4QL
Pyramine orange 3Q
Ignamine orange 3Q
Developing black OT
Congo rubine B
gongo orange Q
iamine scarlet 3B
Benzo scarlet BC...
Chloramine red B
Chloramine red 3B.
Chlorantine red 3B
Diamine scarlet 3B
Bordeaux COV
Chlorazol violet R
Benzo violet O
Columbia violet R
Dianil crimson B..
Diphenyl fast gray B
Chlorantine fast gray B
Diphenyl fast gray B
Diphenyl fast gray BC
Diamine orange B
Manu-
facturer
B.
B...
StD.
B...
By..
By.
By.
I...
C.
C.
A..
By.
By.
I
BDC.
S
G
B
C.
C.
By.
By....
By....
By....
BDC.
C
By.
By-
By.
By-
C.
C.
K-.
By-
By-
By.
By.
By.
By.
B.-
B..
I...
B..
C-
K..
By-
By-...
S
s
I
c
A
BDC-
By....
AG...
M
Imports
Quantity
Pounds
1,500
300
78
,692
100
3,264
220
100
17, 635
200
31, 943
2,108
9,359
661
2,395
10, 239
2,609
1,166
300
200
13, 002
1,500
50
300
31
16, 899
100
600
485
100
250
,117
9,201
100 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table SI.— Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
Schultz
No.
Name of dye
Manu-
facturer
Imports
Quantity
344
349
3.58
360
363
364
366
370
373
380
385
387
391
400
404
403
418
423
424
436
436
448
449
457
462
463
469
471
472
474
476
477
11
10
Cutch brown 2R
Pyrazol fast brown
Diamine brown B
Pyrazol fast brown B
Polar red
Polar red G
Polar red R
Polar red RS
Chlorantine red 8BN
A cetopurpurine 8B__
Chloramine brilliant red 8B conc--
Chloramine brilliant red 8BS conc-
Chlorantine red 8BN
Toluylene red
Triazol light red 8BL
Pyramine orange R
Ignamine orange R
Chromocitronine R
Acid milling red G cone
Cotton red 4BX
Diazo brilliant black B
Deltapurpurine 5B
Brilliant congo R
Congo orange R
Congo orange R
Congo orange R
Diamine orange F
Benzo new blue 5B
Oxamine blue 4R
M inaxo blue 4R
Minaxo blue 4RX
Columbia blue G
Trypan blue
Acid milling red R
Acid anthracene red 3B
Acid milling red R cone -
Brilliant milling red R
Milling scarlet 4R cone
Wool fast red 3B
Diamine yellow N
Diamine black BO
Diamine brilliant blue G
Chicago blue B
Diamincgeue blue NBB
Diazo indigo blue BR
Brilliant benzo blue 6B
Brilliant benzo blue 6B cone
Diamine sky blue FF
Janus Brown B
Brown JB
Columbia black FB, FF
Diamine brilliant Bordeaux R
Diamine bronze Q
Trisulphou brown B cone
Trisulphon brown ?G cone
Cotton black E extra cone
Cotton black RW extra highly cone
Chloramine black N
Chloramine blue 3 G cone
Chloramine blue HW cone
Diamin? green B
Cupranil brown G
Benzo chrome brown G
Cupranil brown G
Dianil chrome brown G
Cupranil brown R
Benzo chrome brown R
Cupranil brown R
Congo brown G
Congo brown G
Diph^nyl brown GS
Chlorazol fast orange D
Chloramine orange O
Chlorazol fast orange D
Stilbene yellow
Stilbone yellow OGP high, cone
Stilbene yellow 3GX-.
A.-.
S.....
By..
I
GrE.
OrE.
B_..
DH.
O—
B...
By..
By..
GrE.
A..
By-
C.
By.
By.
G..
C-.
M..
B..
C.
C.
C-
C-.
By.
By.
C.
M..
AG.
C...
C...
S....
s....
B...
B...
By.
I...
M..
By-
I...
AG.
G...
By...
BDG.
Pounds
1,000
2,949
28,584
28,631
2. 540
2.250
5,635
500
6, 367
1,393
50
4,441
13
1,100
100
21
7,800
100
20
500
627
800
25
10
200
300
25,815
10, 007
100
100
100
1,000
' 9?8
10
2,393
1, 1.50
2,153
7,046
'2,'866
DYES IMPORTED FOR CONSUMPTION
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
101
Color
Scbultz
No.
Name of dye
Manu-
facturer
Imports
index
No.
Quantity
Invoice
value
628
206
207
14
19
22
23
Diphenyl catechine G supra
G
Pounds
8,817
1,653
3, 857
7,774
629
Diphenvl fast brown OF
G -.
631
G
636
Fast light vellow.
Fast light yellow 2G
By... .
Fast liffht vcllowSG
By
639
Supra light yellow.
3,054
Lissamine fast yellow 2G
BDC
Supra light yellow 2QL
By.-
640
Tartrazine extra cone
StD
44
10,023
645
Kiton fast yellow... ._
26
29
494
496
498
499
500
501
503
505
Kiton fast yellow 3G
I
Kiton fast yellow K..
I
619
Ti'iazogene orange R
AG
G
312
7, 820
25, 165
652
Erioehromc red B . ... .
653
Pyrazol orange
$26,289
Direct fa.st orange K
I
P vrazol orange G
S....
Pyrazol orange R
S
654
Diazo fast yellow 2G . .. . ..
4,382
Developed light yellow 2G._
By
Diazo fast yellow iG . .. ..
By..
656
.\uramine G ...."
I
1,102
5,741
658
Setoglaucine .
8,659
Rhoduline blue 6G..
By
Setoglaucine
G
Tannocvanine 3G. .
M
661
Turquoise blue BB
By
AG
G
100
18
500
100
13,946
662
Brilliant green crystals
663
Setocyanine ... .
664
Acronol brilliant blue ._. .-.
BDC
667
Erioviridine B... ....
16 383
Benzyl green B ._ _. ..
I
Brilliant acid green 6B.
By
Brilliant milling green B .. . ... .
C .
ICrioviridine B supra..
G
Guinea fast green 3B
GrE
M
Poseidon green SGX
B
670
Light green (yellowish)
1,867
Light green SF yellowish XX. .
B
506
507
508
511
512
T^ast light green SFX
By
671
Erioglaucine . - . . _ .
35, 295
Erioglaucine AP
G
Erioglaucine X, high cone .. ...
G
672
Xylene blue VS cone.
S
3,502
3,001
100
2, 360
673
Xylene blue AS cone...
S
676
Para rosaniline pdr . ...
By
677
Magenta AB pdr
B
Fuchsine
Q...
678
513
514
515
516
518
522
New magenta O. . . .
M
10
33
679
Dahlia .
Dahlia, bluish... . . .
G
Dahlia, violet .. ....... ..
Q -
680
Methyl violet
250
Methyl violet base
B ...
Methyl violet NFBL ..
B .
681
Crystal violet .. . -. _.
9,377
15, 980
Crystal violet extra crystals.- .
tM
Crystal violet extra pdr. .
B .
Crystal violet P...
By
682
Ethyl violet.- .
B
4,000
1, 653
18,967
690
Victoria blue 4 R -
I
691
523
524
527
528
529
530
Fast green. - ...... .
Fast acid green extra bluish.
GrE
Fast green, extra blue shade
By .
692
Magenta S.:. . .-..
B ... -'"
500
100
5,664
695
Acid violet 4BL0
M
696
Kiton fast violet lOB
Fast acid violet lOB... .......
StD
Kiton fast violet lOB
I
697
AG
200
3,056
698
Acid violet
2,926
Acid violet S4B
C
Acid violet 5BE ..
StD
Acid violet 6B
tM
102 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
Color
Schultz
No.
Name of dye
Manu-
facturer
Imports
index
No.
Quantity
Invoice
value
699
531
534
535
536
637
538
539
541
543
545
546
548
549
551
552
553
554
555
557
559
560
562
Eriocyanine AC. ..
G
Pounds
7,672
30
10
6,471
70''
B
•»03
'04
Alkali blue D -
A
Alkali blue 2B '
$9, 773
Alkali blue 2B cone
tM.
Alkali blue 3R cone
tM...
Alkaline blue H
GrE
Alkaline blue HE
AG
705
355
Methyl silk blue new -
G
Methyl silk blue 3Q -
tM
706
Methyl Lyons blue
G...
10, 882
1,861
707
2,811
Cotton blue cone. No. 2
M
Opal blue bluish
M
Soluble blue 4B extra
StD
Soluble blue 6B for silk
StD
Soluble blue 2BX cone - -
tM
Soluble blue T -.-
B
Water blue
AG
710
Brilliant sky blue 5G ---
1,217
1,387
Betamine blue 8BL . ,.
AG
Brilliant sky blue 5Q-
By
Brilliant dianil blue 6G
M
Direct brilliant blue 8B
I
Isamine blue 6B
C
712
Patent blue V
24, 892
19, 482
Brilliant acid blue V
By
Patent Blue V
M
Poseidom blue BOX cone . -
B
■'14
31, 097
29, 960
Acidol blue A .
tM
By
Guinea blue A
A
I...
Neptune blue BR.. ..-
B
Poseidon blue BXX
B
715
Cyanol . .
8,995
10, 501
Blue extra ---
Cyanol blue FF
C
C
C .-
Cyanol FF
C
Indigo carmine blue FF . ...
AG ....
Xylene cvanol FF ... ...
S
717
Acid violet 6BN
10, 008
8,931
Acid violet 6BN
I
Acid violet 6BNG
G
Acid violet 6BN00
B
718
Brilliant chrome violet 4B . . - .
DH
881
28,093
720
Eriochrome a7-urol . .
40,443
Brilliant blue G
By
By -
G
G
AG. ....
B
721
Chromal blue GC
G.
551
5,511
2,204
560
330
13, 389
722
G....
723
G.
724
Lo
DH
727
Chrome violet CG . . .....
729
Victoria blue B
20, 611
I
B
M
B
AG
B
731
641
B
I . .J
733
575
By
Intensive blue B
By
DYES IMPOKTED FOE CONSUMPTION 103
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
Schultz
No.
802
564
565
568
670
579
573
Name of dye
580
582
584
587
592
593
603
606
607
608
613
Manu-
facturer
Naphthalene green
Alkah fast green 3G - By.
Alkahne fast green 3G M.
Erio green B supra --- - G.
Naphthalene acid green J cone --- -- StD.
Naphthalene green cone. - - --- M.
Poseidon green VGQX B.
Xylene fast green B S.
Wool blue G extra. GrE.
Setacyl brilliant pink G G.
Rhodamine S I-
Sulphorosazeine B extra M.
Rhodamine B extra (single strength)...
Rhodamine B cone. G.
Rhodamine B extra B.
Rhodamine B extra By.
Rhodamine B extra I-
Rhodamine B extra base B.
Rosazeine B extra _.. C.
Rosazeine B extra M.
Rosazeine B extra base M.
Rhodamine CG extra (single strength)
Rhodamine 6G extra G —
Rhodamine 6G extra. I.. -
Rosazeine 6G extra M...
Rosazeine 6GD extra.. M...
Fast acid violet B M...
Erio fast fuchsine
Acid violet 4RN00 B...
Erio fast fuchsine BBL G...
Fast acid violet R M...
Fast acid blue R.. M..
Chromorhodine
Chromorhodine BB DH.
Chromorhodine BN DH.
Chromorhodine BR DH.
Eosine
Eosine A B...
Eosine Y CJ..
Erythrosine M..
Phloxine
Phloxine M..
Phloxine BBN AG.
Auracine G.._ _ G...
Coriphosphine OX extra By..
Aciidine orange
Acridine orange DHE DH.
Brilliant acridine orange A DH.
Euchrysine 3RX B...
Rhoduline orange NO By..
Patent phosphine
Brilliant phosphine 5G
Patent phosphine G_
Patent phosphine GG
Patent phosphine M.
Patent phosphine R
Phospine
Phosphine O. M...
Phosphine 3R AG..
Phosphine 3R GrE.
Philadelphia yellow 2G.... GrE.
Flavophosphine
Flavophosphine O. M...
Flavophosphine 4G M...
Runic (Rheonine) AL cone B —
Euchrysine I
Euchrysine 2RX ..| B....
Euchrysine 2RDX M...
Patent phosphine GRNTN B...
Patent phosphine RRDX B...
Quinoline yellow (water soluble)
Quinoline yellow I
QuinoMne jellow cone S
Quinoline yellow extra B —
Quinoline yellow KT extra cone B...
Imports
Quantity
Pounds
15, 299
Invoice
value
$20, 404
200
55
220
870
228, 105
118, 163
1,100
6,530
10
5,068
366
88,837
73,287
6,903
15, 295
330
2,823
17,353
9,142
27, 760
37, 192
12,337
31,068
305
3,000
15, 622
26. 272
3,632
3.374
1,300
104 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
Schultz
No.
198
617
618
671
672
687
688
689
690
'699"
698
700
922
681
620
621
622
Manu-
facturer
Imports
Name of dye
Quantity
Invoice
value
Mimosa Z cone .... - .....
G
Pounds
1,768
3,406
Diphenyl chlorine yellow FF ... .
$3,738
Chloramine yellow FF cone
S
Diamine fast vellow FF
c.
Diamine fast yellow AGO
c
Diphenyl chlorine yellow FF supra
G.
Thioflavine T..
4,842
9,987
Basic yellow T. _. .. .
C.
Basic yellow TCN
C
Rhoduline vellow 6Q
By
Setoflavine T ...
G.
Thioflavine TCN
C
Induline scarlet . .
B .
196
15, 166
Azocarmine QX
19,553
Azocarmine G . . .
B
Azocarmine GX ... ......
B..
Azocarmine BX _
5,834
8,063
Azocarmine BX
B
Azo orseille BB
C
Rosinduline 2B bluish
K .
Rosinduline 2B blue shade ........
M.
Wool fast blue BL, GL
30,248
44,046
Acid blue AM
By
Benzyl fast blue GL
I
Fast blue WBL
By
Wool fast blue BL ...
B
Wool fast blue BL
By .
Wool fast blue GL
By
Wool fast violet B
By
Xylene fast blue GL cone. .
S..
S
s .
Xylene milling blue GL cone
s
Methylene heliotrope
1,630
Methylene heliotrope extra strong .
M
M .
Rosolane paste .
StD
C
50
10
4,331
500
100
200
680
Indazine (spirit soluble)
Diphene blue R
A.-
Acid cyanine BF ....
AG
B
B
Nigrosine (water soluble)
Nigrosine T
B
AG
M
1,500
New fast gray
Direct gray R paste .
G. . .
10, 329
3,625
10, 828
Malta gray J.. ...
StD
Ursol
10, 661
stb
Fur black DB, DG
A
Fur blue black, A, B, DB ...
A.
Fur blue black, SA, SB
A
Fur brown NZ, NZD, P, PR, PY
A.
Fur brown, 2R, 4R, SKQ, SP
A..
Fur gray AL.\, B, G
A
4
Fur olive DA, 6G
A
A
A
A...
C.
Nako B, DFIV, G, 2G, DMG
M
Nako, 3GN, M, RH, SB
M
Nako black DBB
M
M...
L
1(,0
50
3,481
Brilliant cresyl blue 2BS
L ..
Delphine blue B
S
o .
Delphine blue B
I
7,936
18, 408
DH
DH. . ..
I
Chromazurine OR
DH
DYES IMPORTED FOR CONSUMPTION 105
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1926 — Continued
Schultz
No
Name of dye
Manu-
facturer
Imports
Quantity
Invoice
value
624
627
633
635
637
641
645
648
649
659
660
663
711
752
748
748
720
746
774
778
797
779
780
Modern violet N
Modern violet N
Modern viclet N extra
Chromacetine I'.lue S
Anthracyanine S
Chromacetine blue S extra
Modern eyanine BGQ
Modern eyanine N
Modern eyanine RN
Modern eyanine SR
Modern eyanine V
Modern royal blue
Indalizaiin J paste
Modern violet
Blue ItOO TCD
Chrome printing violet N.
Gallo violet DF
Modern violet
Gallamine blue extra p:ste-
Celestine blue
Celestine blue B..
Coreine RR.
Gallazine No. 90 pdr
Fluorescent blue
Cotton blue R _
Cotton tilue R e>tra cone
Meldola's blue3R cone
Methylene blue .-.
Methvlene blue BGF high conc-
Methylene blue BOX
Methylene green
Metliylene green G.
Methylene green F
Methylene green W
Thionine blue
Tljionine blue G
Thinnine blue GO
Methvlene blue HGG
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH-
DH.
DH.
DH.
I....
By..
DH.
G...
By_.
DH.
DH.
S....
M..
B-.
Rhoduline blue GO ! By.
New methylene blue.
By.
C.
By.
A..
I...
B.-
New Methylene blue N..
New methylene blue N..
New methylene blue NS
Thional oranee G cone
Kurgan (Kryogene) direct blue GO
Hydron blue R (single strength)
Hydron blue R paste
Hydron blue R pJr
Hydron blue G paste
Sulphur blgck T extra
Pyrogene green 3G
Alizarin black S paste
Alizarin, synthetic
Alizarin paste bluish
Alizarin VI extra pure paste
/ilizarin VI old paste j B
Alizarin red paste M
Alizarin red IB extra paste M
Alizarin red IB extra paste By
Alizarin red DIB paste. M
Alizarin claret R paste M
Alizarin orange. I
Alizarin orange A paste ] B
.\lizarin orange AO paste BAG.
Alizarin orange AO paste BDG.
Alizarin orange R.. M
.\lizarin orange RP I By —
Alizarin red S [
Alizarin red IWS pdr. j M
Alizarin red S pdr ; B
Alizarinred S pdr j BDC
Alizarin red SU pdr B
Alizarin red W pdr ' By —
Anthracene brown (single strength) '
Anthracene brown R paste By —
Anthracene brown RD paste O
Anthracene brown SW pdr ' B
Pounds
551
5
7,983
36,021
10
2,204
28
1,320
400
20, 045
6,124
8,200
500
100
10, 054
10
10
2,203
1,398
75, 174
1,000 .
24,450 I
7,236
$10, 381
15, 997
20, 226
9,605
13,211
12, 127
,680
13, 807
2,309
106 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
Color
index
No.
Schultz
No.
Name of dye
Manu-
facturer
Imports
Quantity
Invoice
value
1037
1038
1039
1040
1045
1051
1053
1054
1056
1058
1059
783
785
784
787
858
lOfiO
790
lOfil
802
1063
790
1064
1065
1066
803
1067
804
1071
1073
1075
1076
1077
1078
1080
1081
800
852
856
859
860
865
853
864
Purpurine i
Alizarin red PS pdr
Purpurine
Brilliant alizarin Bordeaux R paste
Alizarin YCA
Alizarin GI paste
Alizarin red SDG paste
Alizarin red XGP paste
Alizarin red YCA paste
Alizarin red YCA paste
Alizarin SX
Alizarin SX paste
Alizarin SX paste
Alizarin SX paste
Alizarin red SX paste
Alizarin Bordeaux
Alizarin Bordeaux B paste
Alizarin Bordeaux BP paste
Alizarin Bordeaux OP paste
Alizarin Bordeaux GG paste
Alizarm cyanine 2G pdr
Alizarin saphirol SE
Alizarin blue SAWSA pdr
Alizarin blue WS pdr
Alizarin light blue SE cone
Alizarin saphire blue SE
Alizarin saphirol SE pdr
Alizarin saphirol WSA pdr
Alizarin saphirol B
Alizarin blue SAP pdr
Alizarin light blue B
Alizarin light blue B cone
Alizarin saphire blue B
Alizarin saphTOl B pdr
Alizarin emeraldole green G
Alizarin uranol
Alizarin uranol BB pdr
Alizarin uranol R pdr
Anthracene blue
Anthracene blue WB paste
Anthracene blue WG paste
Anthracene blue SWGG pdr
Anthracene blue WG new
Anthracene blue SWR pdr
Alizarin cyclamine R paste
Alizarin cyanine black G paste -__
Alizarin blue R
Alizarin blue S
Alizarin blue S pdr
Alizarin blue S pdr
Alizarin blue S pdr
Alizarin blue SB pdr
Alizarin green S
Alizarin green S paste
Alizarin green S paste
Alizarm irisol
Alizarin blue IR
Alizarin blue JR
Alizarin direct violet R
Alizarin direct violet ER
Alizarin irisol R
Alizarin astrol
Alizarin astrol B pdr
Alizarin blue AS pdr
Alizarin direct blue RXO
Alizarin direct blue RXO pdr
Alizarin light blue R cone
Alizarin direct blue BGAOO
Alizarin direct blue BGAOO
Alizarin light blue BGAOO
Alizarin cyanine green
Alizarin cyanine green G extra pdr.
Alizarin cyanine green 3G pdr
Alizarin light green GS cone
Erio fast cyanine green Q
Anthraquinone violet pdr
Anthraquinone green OXNO pdr
By.
By.
By..-.
BAC.
BDC.
B
BAC.
BDC.
By...
By.
By.
By-
By.
By.
By.
By-
S...
I...
By.
By.
By-
s...
s...
1...
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
Q--
B..
By.
M..
M..
B
BDC.
By.
By.
M..
B..
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
S...
G.-
B..
B..
Pounds
28, 281
200
15, 152
12, 506
1,652
24, 382
30, 425
10
599
3,790
1,540
840
500
15
5
74
16, 359
3,285
"6,"838"
10, 124
3,700
10, 985
'n,"276'
5,095
874
$3, 038
1,925
678
59, 620
44, 498
19,299
19,409
26, 540
DYES IMPORTED FOR CONSUMPTION
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
107
Color
index
No.
1082
1084
1085
1087
1088
1091
1092
1093
1095
1096
Schultz
No.
760
Name of dye
1097
761
1098
762
1099
763
1102
765
1103
766
1104
767
Anthraquinone blue green BXO pdr
Alizarin viridine FF paste *.
Alizarin blue black
Alizarin blue black B pdr
Alizarin blue black B pdr
Alizarin blue black 3B pdi-
Alizarin blue black 3B pdr
Chrome blue black B pdr
Alizarin direct blue B
Alizarin direct blue B
Alizarin leveling blue B
Alizarin pure blue B
Alizarin sky blue B pdr
Alizarin blue SKY pdr
Alizarin blue SKYpdr
Alizarin rubinol
Alizarin rubinal 3G pdr
Alizarin rubinol .'>0 pdr
Alizarin rubinol GW pdr
Alizarin rubinol R pdr
Anthra rubine B -
Alizarin geranol B pdr
Indanthrene blue WB
Vat blue WB pdr _
Anthraflavone GC (single strength)
Anthra yellow GC paste
Anthra yellow GC pdr _
Anthra yellow OC paste fine
Anthra yellow GC dbl. paste
Anthraflavone GC pdr
Ilclindone yellow AGC paste
Ilelindone yellow AGC pdr
Vat yellow G C paste
Vat yellow GC pdr
Indanthrene golden orange G (single strength)
Ilelindone golden orange Ki dbl. paste
Ilelindone golden orange IG pdr
Indanthrene golden orange G dbl. paste
Indanthrene golden orange G pdr
Vat golden orange (i paste
Vat golden orange G dbl. paste
Vat golden orange G pdr
Vat golden orange GL dbl. paste
Indanthrene golden orange RRT (single strength) .
Ilelindone golden orange IRRT paste
Vat orange RRT paste
Vat orange RRT paste fine
Vat orange RRT pdr
Anthra scarlet G (single strength)...
Anthra scarlet O paste
Anthra scarlet G pdr _
Indanthrene dark blue BO (single strength)
Cibanone deep blue BO pdr
Vnt dark blue BO paste
Vat dark blue BO pdr
Vat dark blue BOA paste
Vat dark blue BOA paste fine
Vat dark blue BOA pdr
Vat dark blue BGO paste
Vat dark blue BGO pdr
Indanthrene black (single strength)
Anthra green B dbl. paste
Anthra green B pdr
Ilelindone black IBB dbl. paste...
Vat black BB dbl. paste
Vat black BB dbl. paste fine
Vat black BBpdr
Indanthrene violet R (single strength)
Vat violet R extra paste
Vat violet R extra paste fine
Vat violet R extra pdr
Indanthrene violet RR (single strength)
Indanthrene violet RR extra pdr —
Vat brilliant violet RR paste fine
Vat brilliant violet RR pdr
Vat violet RR extra dbl. paste
Vat violet RR extra pdr
Vat violet IRR extra paste -
Manu-
factiurer
B..
By.
By.
M..
By.
M..
I—
By.
B..
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
K..
By.
I...
B..
B..
B-.
B..
B..
By.
By.
Imports
Quantity
POUU'lS
500
21, 798
51,066
Invoice
value
9,400
34, 352
7,734
2,891
403
73, 816
46, 646
90, 730
3,200
27, 961
32, 706
21, 736
$45, 315
97, 102
14, 876
75, 779
46, 372
102, 564
19,919
11,524
68
21,784
108 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 31.^ — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
Color
Schultz
No.
Name of dye
Manu-
facturer
Imports
index
No.
Quantity
Invoice
value
1105
768
838
839
840
Pounds
347
$284
B .
B .
Vat violot B pnste finp .
B
1106
14, 077
5,537
Indanthrpne blue RS triple pdv - . _ _ -
B .
Vat blue RS paste
B . .
Vat blue RS pnste fine
Vat blue RS dbl paste
B
B
Vat blue RS dbl paste fine .---.--.-
B .
Vat blue RS triple odr .
B ...
Vat blue RSP paste
B
Vat blue RSP dbl paste
B .
Vat blue RSP odr -
B . .
Vat b'up RSP trin'lf^ pdr.
B
1108
1,391
992
M
Vat blup RK paste - - -
By.-
Vat blue RK pdr
By
1109
10, 979
6, 068
B .
Vat blue 3G paste -
B
B
Vat blue 3G dbl naste
B .
Vat blUP 30 dbl p?ste fine .
B .
Vat blue 3 Cr pdr ---
B - . .
1110
841
844
842
843
843
847
849
2, 588
1,529
Vat blue GGSL dl;i paste
B ..
Vat blue GO SI- pdr . - . .. .
B .
Vat blue GGSNL dbl. paste... .
B
Vat blue GGSNP paste
B
Vat blue GGSNP dbl uaste .
B
.
Vat blue GGSNP quintriple pdr
Vat blue GGSP paste .
B .
B
Vat blue GGSP dbl. paste
B
Vat blue GGSP triple pdr
B
Vat blue GGSZ paste
B
Vat blue GOSZ dbl. paste. ... .
B...
Vat blue GGSZ triple pdr
B
1111
Indanthrene blue 5G (single strength) ._
15,811
8,755
B
Vat blue 5G paste
By
Vatblup5Gpdr
By..
1113
Indanthrene blup GCD (single strength) .
139, 876
59,302
By..
Cibanone blue G("!D dbl. paste.
I
Helindone blue IGGD dbl. paste.. . .
M
Heli''dono blue IGCD dbl. paste fine
M
M
Indanthrene blue GCD dbl. paste.
B
Vat blue GCD dbl. paste..
B
Vat blue GCD dbl. paste fine
B
Vat blue GCDN pdr
B
1114
Indanthrene blue BCS (single strength) .
59, 814
25,230
Helindore blue IBCD dbl. paste..
M
Helindone blue IBCS pdr .
M
Indanthrenp blue BCS pdr.. .
B
Vat blue BCD dbl paste fine
B
Vat blue BCS pdr
B...
1115
Indanthrone blue GC (single strength)
788
295
Vat blue GC paste . .
B
Vat blue GC. paste fine
B
Vat blue GC dbl. paste.. . . .
B...
Vat bhie GC dbl. paste line
B
Vpt blue GCN pdr
B
1115
Cibanone blue G
I.
441
3,415
400
I
1116
Indanthrene green BB (single strength)
Vat green BB paste
Bv
Bv.
1118
Indanthrene yellow G, R (single strength)..
111,713
81, 249
M
Indanthrene yellow G paste..
B
B .
Vat yellow G dbl. paste ..
B
Vat yellow Q dbl. paste fine.
B
Vat yellow Q pdr
B-.::::::;:::: :::::::: ::::::.
DYES IMPORTED FOR CONSUMPTION" 1C9
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
Schultz
No.
849
Name of dye
814
818
815
816
817
822
810
830
870
834
Indanthrene yellow Q. R. — Continued.
Vat yollow R dbl. paste
Vat yellow R dbl. paste fine
Vat yellow R pdr
Indanthreno hrown B (single strength)
Anthia brown B paste
Anthra brown B pdr
Vat brown B pdr.
Anthra gray B (single strength)
Anthra. gray B dbl. paste
Anthra gray B dbl. paste fine
Anthra gray B pdr
Anthra gray BL dbl. paste
Leucol yellow G paste
Algol pink R pdr. (single strength)
Algol scarlet Q pdr. (single strength)
Indanthrene red 5GK pdr. (single strength)
Indanthrene yellow GK (single strength)
Grelanone yellow RG paste
Ilelindone yellow JQK pdr
Vat yellow GK paste
Vat yellow GK pdr
Vat yellow RQ paste
Algol red FF, R (single strength)
Algol brilliant red 2B paste
Algol brilliant rod 2B pdr
Algol red FF extra paste
Algol red FF extra pdr
Algol red R extra paste
Algol red R extra pdr
Vat red FF paste
Vat red R extra pdr
Indanthrene brilliant violet BBK (single strength).
Algol blue 3R paste
Algol blue3R pdr
Grelanone violet 3 B pdr .
Vat brilliant violet BBK paste
Vat brilliant violet BBK pdr
Indanthrene brilliant violet RK (single strength)..
Grelanore violet BR paste
Grelanore violet BR pdr
Vat brilliant violet RK paste
Vat brilliant violet RK pdr._
Indanthrene orange RRK (single strength)
Grelanone orange R paste
Indanthrene orange RRK pdr
Vat brilliant orange FR pdr
Vat orange R paste
Vat orange R pdr...
Vat orange RRK pdr _.
Indanthrene orange 6RTK (single strength)
Vat orange R pdr
Vat orange 6RTK paste
Vat orange 6RTK pdr
Helindone yellow 3GN
Helindoue yellow 3GN paste..
Thioindigo yellow 3GN paste
Indanthrene red R (single strength)
Anthra red R pdr
Anthra red RT paste
Anthra red RT paste fine
Anthra red RT dbl. paste
Anthra red RT dbl. paste fine
Anthra red RT pdr
Vat red RT pdr
Anthra Bordeaux R (single strength)
Anthra Bordeaux R paste
Anthra Bordeaux R paste fine
Anthra Bordeaux R pdr
Anthra claret R paste
Vat Bordeaux B extra paste
Indanthrene cori nth RK (single strength)
Helindone corinth IRK paste
Vat corinth RK paste
Indanthrene gray K, GK (single strength)
Helindone gray IGK pdr
Vat gray K pdr
Vat gray GK paste
Vat gray GK pdr..
Manu-
facturer
B_.
B..
B.-
B-.
By.
By-
By.
By.
GrE.
M....
By..
By..
GrE.
By.
By-
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By...
By...
GrE.
By...
By...
GrE.
GrE.
By...
By...
GrE.
M....
By...
GrE,
GrE.
By...
By.
By.
By.
M..
By.
M..
By.
By.
By.
Imports
Quantity
Pounds
7,904
4,7S8
5
420
200
1,COO
4,532
16, 736
9, 869
9,048
8,476
945
1,253
"H.'eof'
Invoice
value
$3, 334
2,191
7,623
6,348
5,735
287
9,287
, 009 7, 633
999
,'381 'i '4,"545
110 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
Color
index
No.
Schultz
No.
Name of dye
Manu-
facturer
Imports
Quantity
Invoice
value
1146
1150
1151
828
873
833
1152
1155
1161
1162
831
1163
832
1167
1169
791
792
1170
795
1171
868
1172
794
1173
1174
1177
793
793
874
Indanthrene Bordeaux B (single strength)
Anthra Bordeaux B paste
Anthra Bordeaux B paste fine
Anthra Bordeaux B pdr
Indanthrene brown OR (single strength)
Ilelindone brown lOR paste
Vat brown OR paste
Vat brown GR pdr
Indanthrene olive R (single strength)
Helindone olive IR paste
Vat olive B paste...
Vat olive R paste
Vat olive R pdr
Vat olive IR paste
Vat olive IR pdr
Indanthrene brown R (single strength)
Grelanone brown RR paste
Grelanone brown RR pdr
Helindone brown IR paste
Helindone brown IR pdr —
Vat brown R paste
Vat brown R paste
Vat brown R pdr.
Vat brown IR paste
Indanthrene brown G (single strength)
Grelanone brown B paste
Grelanone brown B pdr
Helindone brown IG paste
Helindone brown IG pdr
Vat brown Q paste.
Vat brown G paste
Vat brown G pdr...
Vat brown G pdr... -..
Algol red B (single strength)
Algol red B paste
Algol red B pdr
Vat red BT pdr
Indanthrene red violet RRK (single strength).
Helindone red violet IRRK paste
Vat red violet RRK paste
Vat red violet RRK paste fine ..
Vat red violet RRK pdr
Vat red violet RRKP paste
Indanthrene red RK (single strength)
Duranthrene red BN paste
Helindone red DIBN extra paste
Helindone red DIBN extra pdr
Helindone red IRK paste..
Vat red BN paste
Vac red BN extra paste
Vat red BN extra pdr
Vat red RK paste
Vat red RK paste fine -..
Vat red BK pdr
Indanthrene violet BN (single strength)
Helindone violet IBN paste
Vat violet BN paste
Vat violet BN paste fine..
Vat violet BN pdr
Vat violet BN extra paste
Vat violet BN extra pdr
Indanthrene olive G pdr. (single strength)
Cibanone orange R (single strength)
Cibanone orange R paste
Cibanone orange R pdr
Cibanone yellow R (single strength)
Cibanone yellow R paste
Cibanone yellow R pdr
Cibanone brown B (single strength)
Cibanone brown B paste —
Cibanone brown B pdr
Cibanone black B (single strength)
Cibanone black B paste
Cibanone black B pdr
Cibanone blue 3G paste
(^ibanone green B pdr. (single strength)
Indigo, dry, natural
M...
GrE.
By..
B...
M...
M...
GrE.
GrE.
M...
M...
B...
By..
By.-
M...
GrE.
GrE.
M--.
M...
B...
By..
B...
By..
By..
By_.
GrE.
BDC.
M.--,
M---
M...
B
B
B
B
B
B
Pounds
487
260
$102
22, 772
14,617
59, 033
53, 173
51, 813
38, 695
4,234
2,731
7,617
9,724
30, 267
42, 366
18, 911
37, 147
31
33, 939
34, 815
9,238
8,586
4,517
1,100
1,952
DYES IMPORTED FOR CONSUMPTION
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
111
Color
index
No.
Schultz
No.
1178
876
1184
881
1186
883
1187
1188
1189
1190
1196
1198
1199
884
887
885
890
891
892
1200
1201
1202
1207
895
894
893
912
1208
919
1209
1211
917
910
1212
918
1213
921
1215
1217
914
913
1219
920
Name of dye
Indigosol
Indigo vat
Indigosol _
Indigosol O
Indigosol O
Indigosol O
Brilliant indigo 4B (single strength)
Brilliant indigo 4B paste
Brilliant indigo 4B pdr
Bromindigo FBP paste..
Indigo MLB/4B paste
Indigo MLB/4B pdr
Indigo KG (single strength)...
Indigo KG pdr
Indigo MLB/6B pdr
Ciba brown R (single strength)
Ciba brown R paste
Ciba brown R pdr.
Brilliant indigo BB paste
Brilliant indigo 4G pdr. (single strength)
Brilliant indigo B paste.
Ciba yellow G paste
Ciba green Q paste.
Helindone green G (single strength)
Helindone green G paste
Helindone green G pdr
Alizarin indigo 3R paste
Alizarin indigo B paste.-
Alizarin indigo G paste. ..-
Anthra red B (single strength)
Anthra red B paste
Anthra red B pdr
Ciba pink B paste .
Vat red B pdr.
Ciba Bordeaux B (single strength)
Ciba Bordeaux B paste
Ciba Bordeaux B pdr.
Helindone red B pdr. (single strength)
Helindone pink (single strength)
Anthra pink AN paste
Anthra pink BN extra paste
Helindone pink AN paste
Helindone pink AN pdr
Helindone pink BN paste
Thioindigo pink BN extra paste
Thioindigo pink BN extra paste ..-
Indanthrene red violet RH (single strength).
Ciba red 3B paste
Ciba red 3B pdr
Helindone red 3B paste.
Manu-
facturer
B...
By..
B...
By..
DH.
B_-
B..
By.
M-.
M..
M..
M..
By.
By.
By.
I..
I..
M.
Helindone red 3B pdr | M.
■ ■ M.
M.
K.
M.
B.
M.
B.
B.
Helindone reddish violet IRH paste.
Helindone reddish violet IRH pdr
Thioindigo red 3B paste
Vat red 3B paste
Vat red 3B pdr
Vat red 3B pdr
Vat red violet RH paste.
Vat red violet RH pdr
Indanthrene gray 6B (single strength)
Vat gray 6B paste
Vat gray 6B pdr.
Helindone orange D pdr. (single strength).
Hydron orange RF (single strength)
Anthra orange RF paste
Helindone orange R pdr
Hydron orange RF paste
Hydron orange RF pdr
Thioindigo orange R paste
Thioindigo orange R pdr
Helindone violet (single strength)
Helindone violet BB pdr
Helindone violet R paste..
Helindone violet R pdr
Thioindigo violet 2B pdr
Thioindigo violet 2R pdr
Vat violet BB paste
Vat violet BB paste
Imports
Quantity
Pounds
7,007
92,300
8,070
1,320
2,091
7,500
12, 4.'-)5
2,424
7,048
1,700
1,199
10
1,490
15, 624
22, 696
130
26, 672
69, 107
56
350
63,608
Invoice
value
$5, 551
29,519
12,188
6,414
'2i,"36i
56,800
54,367
10, 687 7, 426
112 CENSUS OP DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
Color
index
No.
1220
1222
1224
1226
1229
1230
Schultz
No.
899
901
902
903
906
908
911
Name of dye
Ciba gray O (single strength)
Ciba gray G jiaste .--
Ciba gray O pdr
Ciba violet B, R (single strength)
Ciba violet B paste -
Ciba violet B pdr
Ciba violet R paste.. -
Ciba violet R pdr
Thioindigo brown R pdr. (single strength) .
Helindone brown 2R pdr
Thioindigo brown R pdr
Thioindigo brown 3R paste
Ciba red Q (single strength)
Ciba red G paste
Ciba red G pdr
Helindone brown G (single strength)
Helindone brown G paste.
Helindone brown G pdr
Thioindigo brown G paste
Ciba scarlet (single strength)
Anthra scarlet GG paste
Anthra scarlet GO pdr
Ciba scarlet G extra paste
Ciba scarlet G extra pdr
Helindone fast scarlet C paste..
Thioindigo scarlet 2G paste
Thioindigo scarlet 2G pdr
Vat scarlet 2G paste
Ciba red R paste
Ciba orange G paste
Manu-
facturer
Imports
Quantity
PouTids
2,312
276, 858
685
25
7,051
8,027
9,597
71, 932
14,000
27, 944
85, 084
6,390
Invoice
value
$S0, 479
7,248
102, 637
UNIDENTIFIED ACID DYES
Manufac-
turer
Imports
Name of dye
Quantity
Invoice
value
Acid blue RBF
I
Pounds
3,746
no
1, 500
7,714
7,547
Acid brown RN
O
s....
Acid milling yellow G cone
Acid pure blue R supra.
o
-Acid rhodaminc-
$12, 276
B
Acid rhodamine BG.
B
Acid rhodamine 3R...
I
Acid violet
270
"§,"657'
313
Acid violet 8B
By :
C
B
By
G..
Acid violet lOB . ...
Acid violet CBB
Acid violet 3R
Acid violet RN
Alizarin direct blue . .......
8,291
M
Alizarin direct blue A2G
M
Alizarin direct blue A3Q
M
M
M..
M
C
110
1,000
900
2,000
110
Alizarin direct vio'et E2B
Alizarin levelling blue CA.
By
Alkali fast green. . .
Alkali fast green 3B
Bv
- Alkali fast green 2BF .
By.
Alkali fast green lOG
By
Amido fast brown R
M..
M
100
50
1,862
Anthosine..
Onis B
B..
Onis 3B
B
Astra phloxine FF extra
By
400
DYES IMPORTED FOB CONSUMPTION
113
Table 31. — hnporis of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
UNIDENTIFIED ACID DYES— Continued
Name of dye
Manufac-
turer
Imports
Q"-tity I°£«
Azo acid black B
Azo brilliant violet BB
Azo rhodine 2B
Azo rubinol 30S cone
Azo wool violet 7R
Benzyl fast blue L
Brilliant acid blue
Brilliant acid blue EG
Brilliant acid blue O
Brilliant acid blue FF
Brilliant milling blue
Brilliant milling blue B
Brilliant milling blue FG..
Brilliant milling violet R pdr..
Brilliant scarlet N
Brilliant wool blue FFR extra.
Bromofluorosic acid crystals
Bromoflaorpscein A3G
Cashmire black TN
Cloth fast orange
Cloth fast orange G
Cloth fast orange R
Cloth fast red
Cloth fast red B
Cloth fast red 3B
Cloth fast red R
Cloth fast yellow G
Discharge black BF extra
Discharge blue BG extra
Eosine
Eosine CPG pdr
Eosine W extra
Erio anthracene brown R
Erio carmine 2BC'
Erio fast yellow R cone
Fast acid green BB extra
Fast acid magenta G
Fast acid marine blue HBBX.
Guinea blue A4B, V4B
Guinea brown R, 2R
Guinea fast green B
Guinea fast re<i BL
Guinea light blue
Guinea light blue A
Guinea light blue A2G
Indocyanine B
Ink blue
Ink blue BITBN
Ink blue BITBNOO
Ink blue BJTN..
Kiton fast red
Kiton fast red BL
Kiton fast red 4BL
Kiton fast red R
Kiton pure blue V
Lanasol blue R
Levelling silk blue B
Metanil red 3B extra
Milling brown R
Milling orange G
Milling orange G
Milling orange O
Milling red
Milling red 6B
Milling red 6BA
Milling red GA
Milling red GA
Milling yellow
Milling yellow O
Milling yellow GA
Milling yellow GA
Milling yellow GA
Neolan blue
Neolan blue B
Neolan blue Q.-
Neolan blue GG
By.
I...
By.
C...
C...
DH.
B...
By..
M--
M-.
Bv..
AG.
B...
G...
G...
G...
M--
M.-
B..
A...
AG.
A...
A...
A...
AG.
A...
OrE.
GrE.
GrE.
C.
By.
A..
Pounds
500
10
100
1,200
2,700
220
3,256
A...
GrE.
AG.
AG.
A...
GrE.
C...
A...
AG..
GrE.
8,400
220
900
6,376
50
395
800
425
550
7,494
500
500
110
110
1,102
110
2,000
25
100
8
35
100
4,898
1,710
16, 521
689
2,640
4,518
220
1,050
541
300
1,000
3, 250
$3, 579
1,265
5,772
286
2,539
12. 236
114
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
UNIDENTIFIED ACID DYEB— Continued
Manufac-
turer
Imports
Name of dye
Quantity
Invoice
value
Neolan gray B, old
Pounds
220
992
1,100
Neolan green B
Neolan pink
Neolan pink G
Neolan rose B
Neolan red
1,873
Neolan red B
Neolan red R
Neolan violet R
220
1,872
Neolan yellow
$1,540
Neolan yellow G
Neolan vellnw GR
Neolan yellow R__
Neutral violet O
M ...
50
661
220
2,000
700
Novazol blue B...
G
Novazol violet B
G....
Orthocyanine B. ..
A
Oxamine acid brown.
Minaxo acid brown G. .. .
B
Palatine copper blue B
B
100
220
13,386
Polar grav
G_..
Polar orange
Polar oranee GS cone
G
Polar orange R cone.
G..
Polar red B cone
G.
660
6,614
200
500
Polar vellow 2G cone
G.
Radio black SB
C
Radio brown. •.
Radio brown B
C
Radio brown S...
C
Radio green C
C
150
1,000
Radio red G
C...
RadioredVB
C...
Radio vellow R
C... . .
2.900
.1,274
Silk blue-
Silk blue BSIC pdr
AG
Silk blue BToBOO extra cone.
GrE
Soluble carmine ...
B.-
1,100
409
Sulpho rosazeine ■.
Sulphorosazeine BG.-
M
Sulpho rosazeine G extra . .
M
Sulphon orange G-..
By-
2,366
1,654
Sulphon yellow.-
Sulphon vellow 5G-. . .
By
By .
Supra cvanine
50
50
By-.
SuDra cvanine DLA.
By
Supra eyanine FLA
Bv-
Supra cvanine 3FLA
Bv .
By.... .
Supra eyanine brown
20
Supra eyanine brown GLA
By
Supra eyanine brown RLA
By
By-..
By
10
1,331
821
Supraniine black BR
Supramine blue FB
Bv
By-
Supraniine Bordeaux B
By- .-
200
884
Supramine brown
Supramine brown G
Bv
Bv
Supramine red
3,034
3,109
Bv-. ...
Supramine red3B_
Bv
Bv .
Supramine vellow
2,028
2,837
Supramine yellow G..
Bv-.
Supramine vellow 30 ...
Bv
Bv .
Wool black
4,100
AG
Wool black GRF
AG
DYES IMPORTED FOR CONSUMPTION
115
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
UNIDENTIFIED ACID DYES— Continued
Name of dye
Wool blue
Wool blue 2B .J A
Wool blue5B ; A
Wool blue R By_
Wool blue RR ex. pdr ; By_
Wool discharge cyanineSG i M
Wool violet RC__. O.
Xylene milling orange R cone S
Xylene milling red B cone S
All other acid dyes Various-
Imports
Quantity
Pounds
4,902
5
825
1,000
500
12
Invoice
value
$5, 351
UNIDENTIFIED VAT DYES
Algol blue 3RP pdr^.
Algol red 2G pdr. single strength
Algol yellow WF pdr. single strength
Alizarin indigo
Alizarin indigo 7Q paste.
Alizarin indigo 5R paste
Alizarin indigo "R paste
Alizarin indigo black B paste
Alizarin indigo brown. _
Alizarin indigo brown B paste..
Alizarin indigo brown R paste
Alizarin indigo green
Alizarin indigo green B paste.
Alizarin indigo green G paste,
Alizarin indigo pink B paste
Alizarin indigo violet B paste
Anthra brilliant green 50-
Anthra brilliant green 5Q paste
Anthra brilliant green 5Q paste fine. .
Anthra printing black
Anthra printing black BO paste
Vat printing black BQ paste
Anthra scarlet B (single strength)
Anthra scarlet B paste
Anthra scarlet B pdr
Anthra violet BB I'single strength)
Anthra violet BB paste
Anthra violet BB pdr
Anthra wool black
Anthra wool black 3B vat solid
Anthra wool black R vat solid
Anthra wool black T vat solid
Anthra wool brown
-Anthra wool brown CM vat solid
Anthra wool brown CM pdr
r Anthra wool brown CV vat solid
Vnthra wool red !
Anthia wool red BB vat solid
Anthra wool red CR vat solid
Vnthra wool yellow
Anthra wool yellow CO vat solid
Anthra wool Yellow CG pdr
Ciba blue 2BL pdr
Ciba pink BG (single strength)
Ciba pink BtJ paste
Ciba pink BG pdr
Ciba printing black B paste
Cibanone blue 2G
Cibanone blue 2G paste
Cibanone blue 2Q pdr
Cibanone blue GI- paste
Cibanone brown R pdr. (single strength)
Cibanone orange 3R
Cibanone orange 3R paste
Cibanone orange 3R pdr
Cibanone orange 6R
Cibanone orange 6R paste
' Cibanone orange 6R pdr
Cibanone red G paste
Cibanone yellow 2G paste..
By.
By.
By.
By-
By-
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
B..
By.
1,934
800
1, 100
449
409
28, 307
1,240
5
5
4,584
2,300
209
109
206
266
22 ...
22,971 -
2,424
220
2,203
110
2,220
220
1.212
220
551
220
2,205
19, 164
116
CENSUS OP DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
UNIDENTIFIED VAT DYES— Continued
Name of dye
Manufac-
turer
Imports
Quantity
Eridan brilliant scarlet B paste
Eridan scarlet R paste
Grelanone blue CG paste -.
Qrelanone red 2B (single strength)
Grelanone red 2B paste
Grelanone red 2B pdr
Grelanone scarlet G (siagle strength)
Grelanone scarlet G paste
Grelanone scarlet G pdr
Helindone blue 3G cone. pdr. (single strength) ..
Helindone blue 3R (single strength)
Helindone blue 3R paste
Vat blue 3R pdr
Helindone brilliant green (single strength)
Helindone brilliant green 5G paste
Helindone brilliant green 5G pdr
Helindone brilliant green D50 paste
Helindone fast scarlet (single strength)
Helindone fast scarlet B Paste
Helindone fast scarlet B pdr-_ -
Helindone fast scarlet BG paste
Helindone printing black RD paste.,
Helindone violet BH pdr. (single strength)
Helindone yellow CG vat
Helindone yellovr (single strength)
Vat yellow RK paste
Vat yellow RK pdr
Hydron Bordeaux B dbl. paste (single strength)-
Hydron Bordeaux R dbl. paste (single strength).
Hydron brown (single strength)
Hydron brown G paste
Hydron brown G pdr__
Hydron brown R paste --
Hydron brown R pdr.
Vat brown R paste
Hydron green paste
Hydron green B paste
Hydron green G paste...
Hydron olive CiN paste
Hydron pink FB (single strength)
Algol brilliant pink FB paste
Anthra pink B extra paste..
Anthra pink B extra pdr
Helindone pink B extra paste
Helindone pink B extra pdr
Hydron pink FB paste
Hydron pink FF (single strength)
Algol brilliant pink FF paste
Anthra pink R extra paste
Anthra pink R extra pdr
Helindone pink R extra paste
Hydron pink FF paste
Hydron pink FF pdr
Hydron pink HY paste
Thionidigo rose RN extra paste
Thionidigo rose RN extra pdr
Hydron scarlet (single strength)
Hydron scarlet 2B paste
Hydron scarlet 213 pdr ._
Hydron scarlet 3B paste
Hydron scarlet ?B pdr..
Vat scarlet 3B paste.
Vat scarlet 3B pdr
Hydron sky blue
Hydron sky blue FK paste
Vat sky blue FK paste
Hydron violet (single strength)
Hydron violet B pdr
Hydron violet R pdr
Hydron yellow GG (single strength)
Hydron yellow (JG paste
Hydron yellow GG pdr..
Hydron yellow NF
Hydron yellow NF paste
Vat yellow NF paste
Hydron yellow brown Q paste
K._..
GrE.
GrE.
GrE.
GrE.
GrE.
M...,
By.
By.
C.
C.
By.
B..
B..
M..
M..
C.
By.
Pounds
1,150
650
112
2,514
2,569
1,000
615
350
1,500
68, 000
25
10
58
100
100
36, 076
200
1,000
"i,"682"
26,859
'"i,"683"
60, 269
1,100
21,684
6,729
1.460
3,150
16,604
"i,"450'
DYES IMPORTED FOR CONSUMPTION
117
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year ^5^5— Continued
UNIDENTIFIED VAT DYES— Continued
Name of dye
Manufac-
turer
Imports
Quantity
Invoice
value
Hydron yellow olive GG paste
Indanthrene black (single strength)
Vat black BG pdr
Vat black BGA dbl. paste,.-
Indanthrene blue GODL paste.
Indanthrene blue pdr
Vat blue GGHZ pdr
Vat blue WBO pdr
Indanthrene blue RC (single strength)
. Vat blue RC paste
Vat blue RC dbl. paste
Vat blue RC dbl. paste fine
Indanthrene blue R (single strength)
Vat blue RL paste
Vat blue RL dbl. paste
Vat blue RE/ pdr
Vat blue RHZ pdr
Vat blue RRZ dbl. paste
Vat blue RSN pdr
Vat blue RZ paste
Vat blue RZ dbl. paste
Vat blue RZ triple pdr
Indanthrene blue green B (single strength)
Ilelindone blue green IB dbl. paste
Vat blue green B paste
Vat blue green B paste fine
Vat blue green B dbl. paste
Vat blue green B dbl. paste fine
Vat blue green B pdr
Indanthrene brilliant blue R (single strength)
Helindone brilliant blue IR paste fine
Vat brilliant blue R paste
Vat brilliant blue R paste
Vat brilliant blue R paste fine
Vat brilliant blue R dbl. paste
Vat brilliant blue R dbl. paste fine.
Indianthrene brilliant violet RRBA (single strength)
Vat brilliant violet RRBA dbl. paste
Vat brilhant violet RRBA pdr
Indanthrene brilliant violet RRP
Vat brilliant violet RRP pdr
Indanthrene brown GG (single strength)
Helindone brown IGO paste
Helindone brown IGQ pdr
Vat brown GG paste
Vat brown GG pdr
Indanthrene brown 3R (single strength)
Helindone brown I3R paste
Vat brown 3R paste
Vat brown 3R paste
Vat brown 3R paste fine.
Vat brown 3R pdr
Indanthrene brown RT (single strength)
Helindone brown IRT paste...
Vat brown RT paste
Vat brown RT pdr
Indanthrene golden orange 3G (single strength)..
Helindone golden orange I 3G paste
Helindone golden orange I 3G pdr
Vat golden orange 30 paste
Vat golden orange 3G pdr
Indanthrene golden orange 3R (single strength)
Vat orange 3R paste
Vat orange 3R paste
Vat orange 3R psste fine
Vat orange 3R pdr
Indanthrene gray 3B (single strength)
Vat gray 3B paste
Vat gray 3B pdr
Indanthrene grav (single strength) e.
Vat gray BTR paste..
Vat gray BTR pdr
Vat gray RHH paste...
Vat gray RRH paste fine
Vat gray RRH pdr
M..
B..
By.
B..
B..
B..
M..
M_.
By.
By.
M.
B..
By.
B..
By.
M..
By-
By-
M..
M..
By.
By.
B..
By-
B..
B..
By-
By.
By.
By.
By.
B..
By.
Pounds
1,450
114
287
3,224
10, 780
13, 190
7,084
10, 359
3,399
993
21,872
18, 842
1,419
6,015
4,979
6,100
7,146
2,081
2,606
212
"i,'i97'
851
118
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 31.— /mporis of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
UNIDENTIFIED VAT DYES— Continued
Name of dye
Indanthrene green Q (single strength)
Vat ^een O paste.
Vat green O dbl. paste
Vat green G dbl. paste
Vat green G pdr-_ _ •.
Vat green G pdr
Indanthrene green GO (single strength)
Holindono green IGQ dbl. paste -.
Vat green QG dbl. paste
Vat green GG dbl. paste fine
Vat green GG pdr
Vat green GG pdr..
Indanthrene khiki (single strength)..
H^lindone khaki IGQ pdr..
Vat khaki GG paste
Vat khaki GG pdr
Indanthrone orange 4R (single strength)
Helindone orange I 4R pdr
Vat orange 4R paste. _
Vat orange 4R pdr
Indanthrene orange (single strength)
Vat orange RRTIv paste
Vat orange RRTS pdr
Indanthrene pink B (single strength)
H-ilindone pink IB dbl. paste.
Vat pink B p-:iste
Vat pink B dbl. paste *
Vat pink B dbl. paste
Vat pink B dbl. paste fine
Vat pink B pdr
Indanthrene printing black BR
Helindone printing black IBR paste
Vat printing black BR paste
Vat printing black BR paste
Indanthrene red GG (single strength)
H?lindone red IGG paste
Vat red GG paste
Vat red GG paste
Vat red GG paste fine
Vat red GG pdr
Indanthrene red brown R (single strength) . .
Vat red brown R paste
Vat red brown R paste fine
Vat red brown R pdr
Indanthrene red violet RR (single strength).
Helindone reddish violet IRR paste
_ Helindone reddish violet IRR pdr
Vat red violet RHP paste
Indigosol
Indigosol 04B
Indigosol 04B
Indigosol 04B
Indigosol OR
Indigosol yellow HCIG pdr
Thioindigo black B paste
Thioindigo blue 2GD cone, (single strength).
Thioindone brown B paste
Thioindone olive B paste
Vat black 2B paste
Vat brown FFR (single strength)
Vat brown FFR paste
Vat brown FFR pdr..
Vat printing brown R paste
Vat red RKL paste
Vat vellow FFRK (single strength).
Vat vellow FFRK paste
Vat yellow FFRK pdr
Vat yellow G K p Ir. (single strength)...
Vat vellow GP pdr
Vat ./I'.llow GT...
Vat vellow QT paste
Vat vellow GT dbl. paste..
Vat vellow OG pdr. (single strength)
Vat vellow 3RT
Vat vellow 12GL pdr...
Vat yellow 12GDL pdr
Manufac-
turer
B.-
B..
By.
B..
By.
M..
B..
B..
B..
By.
M.-
By.
B..
By.
B..
By.
M..
B..
By.
M..
B..
By.
B..
By.
By.
B..
By.
B...
Bv..
DH.
DH.
DII.
K...
K...
K...
K...
GrE.
By.
By.
By.
B..
B..
B..
By.
B..
B...
By..
AG..
B...
GrE.
GrE.
Imports
Quantity
Pounds
13, 469
22,717
2,771
2, 934
44
"27,129'
2,744
9,458
2,551
1,544
640
110
500
250
100
125
850
181
4,000
44
72
80
2,303
593
80
19
224
224
DYES IMPORTED FOR CONSUMPTION
119
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — ^Continued
UNIDENTIFIED VAT DYES— Continued
Name of dye
Manufac-
turer
Imports
Quantity
Invoice
value
Vat yellow brown (single strength) .
Vat yellow brown 3G paste
Vat yellow brown 30 pdr
All other vat dyes (samples)
By.
By-
By.
Pounds
981
183
$324
UNIDENTIFIED MORDANT AND CHROME DYES
Acid alizarin gray G
Acid anthracene brown
Acid anthracene brown KE
Acid anthracene brown PG
Acid anthracene brown WSG.
Acid anthracene red..
Acid anthracene red 3BL
Acid anthracene red 5BL
Acid chrome yellow RL extra
Alizarin astrol violet B pdr
Alizarin blue G, R
Alizarin cyanine MD
Alizarin fast black SP paste..
Ahzarin fast blue BHO..
Alizarin fast gray 2BL pdr
Alizarin fast light brown GL
Alizarin light green 2QS cone.
Alizarin light gray BS cone.
Alizarin violet 3R
Anthracene Bordeaux R pdr
Anthracene brown RP paste
Anthracene chromate brown EB. .
Anthracene chrome blue RWN
Autochrome olive B
Autochrome olive brown G
Brilliant chrome blue
Brilliant chrome blue S
Brilliant chrome blue 2B
Brilliant chrome blue PR
Brilliant chrome blue PV
Brilliant chrome violet.
Brilliant chrome violet B
Brilliant chrome violet 3R
Brilliant chrome violet 3RA--.
Brilliant chrome violet 3RN-..
Chromanol black RVI
Chromanol violet RI
Chromazurine
Chromazurine DN
Chromazurine NS
Chromazurine R
Chromazurine RN
Chromazurine RR
Chrome blue BR
Chrome brown VR
Chrome deep brown RRN.
Chrome fast blue FB..
Chrome fast brown TP
Chrome fast green QL
Chrome fast phosphine R
Chrome green
Chrome green BF
Chrome green DC
Chrome green GD extra
Chrome olive JCS
Chrome orange No. 1, No. 51, N...
Chrome printing Bordeaux B pdr.
Chrome printing green B pdr ,
Chrome printing orange 2R pdr
Chrome printing red
Chrome printing red B
Chrome printing red B
Chrome printing red Y
Chrome red brown 3RD paste
■Chrome yellow R L extra.
M.
By.
By.
By.
By..-
By..
By..
By..
BrC.
By..
By..
By..
By..
By..
S....
S....
C...
B...
By..
C...
C...
M--,
M...
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH-
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
AG.
By..
I....
DH.
DH.
By..
DH.
DH.
I....
I.-..
I....
DH.
I.
DH.
By..
By..
8,705
5,515
700
399
50
152
25
899
610
7,518
100
500
9,503
663
400
5
3,740
100
250
50
890
780
220
495
240
5
5
5
100
100
441
440
155
5
15
551
220
330
4,186
5
100
5,900
2,208
1,331
645
368
7,770
5919—261-
120
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1926 — Continued
UNIDENTIFIED MORDANT AND CHROME DYES— Continued
Name of dye
Imports
Manufac-
turer
Quantity
Invoice
value
Chromochlorine E, EN
Chromocitronine 3R pdr —
Chromogene azurine B
Chromogene violet B
Chromophenine
Chromophenine FKN
Chromophenine RP
Chroraophosphine EFN
Chromopurpurine JJ -.-
Chromorhodine
Chromorhodine 6QN.-
Chromorhodine 6GS extra
Chromorhoduline B
Chromorosamine BB pdr ,
Chromosafranine B
Chromovesuvine
Chromovesuvine J A '.
Chromovesuvine RA
Chromoxane azurol BD
Chromoxane brilliant violet SB
Chromoxane green 2Q
Chromoxane pure blue
Chromoxane pure blue B
Chromoxane pure blue BLD
Coerulein SIC
Colonial blue R -
Coreine MS...
Eriochromal brown G
Eriochromal gray 5G cone -
Eriochrome black E
Eriochrome blue
Eriochrome blue S
Eriochrome blue SE..
Eriochrome blue black G
Eriochrome brilliant voilet B supra..
Eriochrome genanol R cone
Eriochrome green L
Eriochrome phosphine RR
Eriochrome red
Eriochrome red G
Eriochrome red R
Eriochrome violet
Eriochrome violet B
Eriochrome violet 3B
Fast chrome green BN
Foulard discharge blue B
Foulard discharge green BL
Gallo navy blue RD cone, paste
Metacrhome black AG
Metachrome blue...
Metachrome blue DL
Metachrome blue GFL
Metachrome blue black 2BX
Metachrome brilliant blue
Metachrome brilliant blue BL...
Metachrome brilliant blue 8RL..
Metachrome green 3G —
Metachrome olive
Metachrome olive B
Metachrome olive 2G
Metachrome red G
Metachrome voilet 2R
Modern brown
Modern green E
Modern gray...
Modern grny DH
Modern gray PS
Modern gray RCN
Modern olive JN
Monochrome brown BC
Naphthochroino violet R...
Palatine chrome brilliant violet
Pilatus chrome brilliant violet B.
Radio chrome blue B
Radio chrome green B
DH.
DH.
M..
M..
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH.
DH-
DH.
DH.
DH.
By..
By..
Bv.-
By-
By..
DH.
DH.
DH-
G...
G...
G...
G...
G...
DH.
By-
By-
By.-
A...
AG.
A...
A...
A...
A...
AG.
A...
A...
A...
A...
DH.
DH.
DH-
DH-
DH.
DH.
By..
Ii...
Pounds
10
1,100
600
1,300
225
5
5
1,107
5
55
5
550
50
2,450
100
4,600
5
110
5
110
220
661
2,314
2,204
110
440
882
108
4,949
3,603
5
50
50
5
700
211
15, 000
600
60
3,100
900
700
5
220
892
330
641
1,322
1,000
1,750
160
DYES IMPOKTED FOR CONSUMPTION
121
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1926 — Continued
UNIDENTIFIED MORDANT AND CHROME DYES— Continued
Name of dye
Special violet B.
Ultra corinth B...
Ultra cyanine RB
Ultra orange R
All other mordant and chrome dyes
Manufac-
turer
B.
S.-
S...
s..
By
Imports
Quantity
Pounds
200
200
2,000
500
3
Invoice-
value
UNIDENTIFIED DIRECT DYES
Benzo bronze, GC
Benzo chrome brown B
Benzo dark brown extra.
Benzo fast black L
Benzo fast blue
Benzo fast blue FFL.,.
Benzo fast blue 2GL
Benzo fast blue 4GL
Benzo fast blue 8GL
Benzo fast blue RL....
Benzo fast Bordeaux 6BL
Benzo fast brown I
Benzo fast brown GL By.
Benzo fast brown 3GL By.
Benzo fast brown RL By.
By.
By.
By.
By-
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
Benzo light brown SQL.
Benzo fast copper violet B
Benzo fast eosine BL
Benzo fast gray BL
Benzo fast heolitrope
Benzo fast heliotrope 4BL..
Benzo fast heliotrope 5RH.
Benzo fast light scarlet 4BL
Benzo fast orange
Benzo fast orange 2RL
Dianil fast orange 2R
Benzo fast red 6BL.
Benzo fast violet
Direct fast violet B pdr
Direct fast violet BL pdr...
Direct fast violet 2RL pdr..
Benzo fast yellow RL..
Benzo new blue G
Benzo red I2B
Benzo rhodulim- red B
Benzo rhoduline red B
Columbia red OB
Benzo rhoduline red 3B
Benzo rhoduline red 3B
Columbia red 03B
Direct fast red 3B
Benzo rubine SC
Benzoform blue
Benzoform blue G extra
Benzoform blue 2BL
Benzoform Bordeaux R
Benzoform brown
Benzoform brown 4R
Benzoform brown VL
Benzoform green FFL
Benzoform orange G
Benzoform red 2GF
Benzoform scarlet B
Benzoform yellow
Benzoform yellow GL
Benzoform yellow R
Brilhant benzo fast yellow GL.
Brilliant benzo green B.
Brilliant benzo violet
Brilliant benzo violet 2BH.
Brilliant benzo violet 2R. ..
Brilliant congo blue 5R
Brilliant congo violet R
Brilliant copper blue GW
Brilliant cotton blue 8B
Brilliant fast blue 3BX
Brilliant pure yellow 6G extra.
By.
By-
By.
By-
By.
By.
By.
By-
M..
By-
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
A..
By..
AG-
By..
By..
By.
By.
By-
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By..
By..
AG.
A...
AG.
K...
By..
By..
305
200
827
5,291
4,531
1,174
9,004
25
299
4,300
4,839
100
4,665
100
3,499
6,862
6
3,100
900
2,834
500
718
400
2,300
60
100
900
940
$6,397
10, 133
4,561
122
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
UNIDENTIFIED DIRECT DYES— Continued
Name of dye
Manufac-
turer
Imports
Quantity
Brilliant purpurine lOB
Brilliant sky blue
Brilliant sky blue B
Brilliant sky blue G
Brilliant sky blue 8Q
Brilliant sky blue R
Brilliant sky blue 2RM
Direct sky blue 8Q
Brilliant triazol fast violet
Brilliant triazol fast violet BL..
Brilliant triazol fast violet 4BL_
Brilliant triazol fast violet 5RH.
Brilliant triazol fast violet 2RL.
Chicago red III.-
Chloramine fast orange
Chloramine fast orange G cone. .
Chloramine fast orange R conc.
Chloramine light gray R cone
Chloramine light violet R cone
Chlorantine brown Y
Chlorantine fast blue
Chlorantine fast blue 2GL
Chlorantine fast blue 4GL
Chlorantine fast blue SGI
Chlorantine fast brown
Chlorantine fast brown 3GL
Chlorantine fast brown BRL...
Chlorantine fast brown RL
Chlorantine fast green B
Chlorantine fast orange 2RL
Chlorantine fast red 5BL
Chlorantine fast violet
Chlorantine fast violet 4BL
Chlorantine fast violet 5BL
Chlorantine fast violet 4BLN...
Chlorantine fast violet RL
Chlorantine fast violet 2RL
Chlorantine fast yellow RL
Chlorazol drab RH..
Chlorazol fast brown RK
Chlorazol fast eosine B
Chlorazol fast orange AG
Columbia caterhine
Columbia catechine A
Columbia catechine 3B
Columbia catechine G
Columbia fast black V
Cotonerol A extra
Developing blue B
Developing blue B
Developing blue B
Developing indigo blue R
Diamine azo Bordeaux BL
Diamine azo brown
Diamine azo brown G
Diamine azo brown 2G
Diamine azo brown 3G
Diamine azo fast Bordeaux B
Diamine azo fast green G
Diamine azo fast red 6B
Diamine azo fast violet
Diamine azo fast violet B
Diamine azo fast violet R
Diamine azo fast violet 3R
Diamine azo violet BL
Diamine azo yellow 2G
Diamine brilliant scarlet S
Diamine catechine
IMamine catechine B
Diamine catechine G
Diamine catechine 3G
Diamine fast blue
Diamine fast blue F
Diamine fast blue FFB
D iamine fast blue F3B
Diamine fast blue FFG
Diamine fast blue F30
AG.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
GrE.
GrE.
GrE.
GrE.
0-...
BDC.
BDC.
BDC.
BDC,
A...
AG.
A...
AG.
A...
A...
AG.
A...
C...
Pounds
300
22, 961
1,036
11,571
1,000
1,386
500
3,306
28, 435
34, 268
5,400
771
110
33, 941
4,077
800
3,472
100
4,040
2,340
100
500
4,100
200
915
3,115
10
6,008
50
3,898
476
2,387
5,000
2.230
590
DYES IMPOETED FOR CONSUMPTION
123
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
UNIDENTIFIED DIRECT DYES— Continued
Name of dye
Diamine fast Bordeaux 6BS
Diamine fast brilliant blue R .--
Diamine fast brown
Diamine fast brown O
Diamine fast brown 3G
Diamine fast brown GB.
Diamine fast brown OBB
Diamine fast brown R -.
Diamine fast gray BN
Diamine fast orange
Diamine fast orange EG
Diamine fast orange ER
Diamine fast rose G
Diamine fast red violet, FR
Diamine fast yellow R
Diamine gray Q -.
Diamine sky blue N
Diamine steel blue L
Diaminogene blue GG
Dianil brown CG -
Dianil fast blue GL
Dianil fast violet BL
Dianil light red 12BL
Diazamine blue 4R cone
Diazanil pink B -.
Developed pink B
Diazanil pink B
Diazo black VG
Diazo Bordeaux 7B -
Diazo brilliant blue 2BL
Diazo brilliant green
Developed brilliant green 3G..-
Diazo brilliant green 3Q
Diazo brilliant orange
Developed brilliant orange 5G extra,
Diazo brilliant orange 5G extra
Diazo brilliant scarlet. - -
Developed brilliant scarlet 2BL
Developed brilliant scarlet 2BL
Diazo brilliant scarlet 6B
Diazo brilliant scarlet 3BA
Diazo brilliant scarlet 5BL
Diazo brilliant scarlet G
Diazo brilliant scarlet S8B
Diazo brown
Developed brown 3G -
Diazo brown G
Diazo brown 3G -.-
Diazo brown 6G --
Diazo brown 3RB
Diazo fast black extra.
Diazo fast blue_
Diazo fast blue 2BW
Diazo fast blue 6GW
Diazo fast blue 4RW
Diazo fast Bordeaux BL
Diazo fast green GF
Diazo fast red 7BL
Diazo fast violet..- -
Diazo fast violet 2BL
Diazo fast violet 3RL
Diazo fast yellow G
Diazo geranine B extra__
Diazo indigo blue
Developed indigo blue4GL pdr
Diazo indigo blue 4GL pdr
Diazo red N8B
Diazo rubine B
Diazo sky blue
Developed sky blue 3GL
Diazo sky blue B
Diazo sky blue 3G -
Diazo sky blue 3GL
Diazogene light violet BL..
Diazophenyl black V..
Diphenyl brown BBNC
Manufac-
turer
M..
M..
I...
By.
By.
By.
By.
By-
By.
By-
C.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
I...
I...
I...
By-
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By-
By..
CN.
By-.
By..
By..
By...
By...
GrE.
G---
G---
Im ports
Quantity
Pounds
267
10
2,360
10
12, ODD
Invoice
value
• 45
110
10
50
500
50
11,933
200
100
1,000
300
1,000
1,744
1,653
661
399
10, 521
2,402
i3,"453"
9,797
25
3,195
494
300
100
2,539
400
500
5,918
220
1,662
2,776
394
9, 920
6,614
$2,158
13, 558
26, 079
12, 838
7,573
2,242
124
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1926 — Continued
UNIDENTIFIED DIRECT DYES— Continued
Manufac-
turer
Imports
Name of dye
Quantity
Invoice
value
Diphenvl catechine ..-
Pounds
4,409
Diphenvl catechine D supra . . . ....
G
Diphenvl catechine R supra
G
Diphenvl fast Bordeaux .._
460
Diphenvl fast Bordeaux BC - -. ...
G
G
Diphenvl fast bronze B
G
5,511
17, 629
55
7,163
X)iphenvl fast brown GNC . ....
G
Direct blue G pdr
G
Direct cutcti brown
Direct cutch brown GR
i
I
Direct fast orange R
I
101
220
500
5
415
Direct red B pdr
G
Fast cotton blue 4GL .... ....
A
Fast cotton Bordeaux 6BL
AG
Fast cotton brown . .
AG
Fast cotton brown RL
AG
Fast cotton brown 4RL
A
Fast cotton catechine 3B, G, 0, R .
AG
AG
A
20
30
5,300
Fast cotton corinth B
Fast cotton gray
$4,028
A
Fast cotton gray GL . . . .
A
Fast cotton gray VL
A .-
Fast cotton rose 2B
A
25
200
Fast cotton rubine . .. .. . ....
Fast cotton rubine B
A
A
Fast cotton scarlet 4BL . ....
AG
A
5
500
641
Fast cotton violet 4R.-
Fast cotton vellow RL
Fast cotton yellow RL .. . .. .
AG
By
Formal fast black
383
Formal fast black O cone
G .
Formal fast black R cone. . . . ..
Q
Half-wool blue 3R
By
C
100
200
1,536
400
150
Isamine blue R
Naphthamine light brown 2G .
K
K
New Bordeaux RX
New Bordeaux RX .. . .. .
B
B
Paper red A extra ... . ...
B
300
1,070
10
10
500
3,040
B
Paranil black 2B-
AG
AG
S
Paranil brown 2BX
Parasulfon brown V
Pluto black G
Pluto black G--
By
Pluto black G extra . . .
By
Pluto brown GG--
By
By
400
10
1,763
1,322
991
4,850
no
110
100
300
100
224
10
112
28
441
28
5
2,650
Plutoform black BL .
Rosanthrene RN. .^
Rosanthrene fast Bordeaux 2BL .
Rosanthrene fast red 7BL .
Rosanthrene orange R .
Rosanthrene violet 5R
Toluylene fast brown 2R.
By
By
By
AG
GrE
GrE.
AG
GrE
GrE
C
Toluylene fast orange GL
Toluvlene vellow Q
Triazogene light vellow 2G pdr
Triazol fast brown G
Triazol light brown 3GL pdr
Triazol light gray BL . .
Triazol light orange 2RL
Triazol pure green B pdr
Universal blue black C
Zambesi black D
AG
Developing black ED . .......
C
Diazo fast black SD.. .
By
Zambesi black F
AG
3,200
DYES IMPOETED FOR CONSUMPTION
125
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
UNIDENTIFIED DIRECT DYES— Continued
Manufac-
turer
Imports
Name of dye
Quantity
Invoice
value
Pounds
2,530
$1,507
Diazo fast black V
By
Oxamine black BBNX .
B
AG.-
400
8
Various...
DYES FOR ARTIFICIAL SILK
Artificial silk black .
898
Artificial silk black G
By
Artificial silk black R .
By
Azonine
40
38
M
Azonine RR - -
C.
C
Azonine direct blue B paste
C
2,800
1,700
125
1,800
100
50
1,050
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
110
110
110
110
110
110
220
Azonine direct red G paste .
c.
c
c._.
Blue extra paste.
B....
Celatene black .. .
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
By
By
By
By
By
By
Celatene blue
Celatene brilliant violet B ..
Celatene fast light brown . .
Celatene fast light yellow .
Celatene orange. . . .
Celatene red
Celatene red violet
Celatene yellow
Cellit fast blue R
Cellit fast brown G
Cellit fast orange G
Cellit fast red B-.
Cellit fast rubine B ..
Cellit fast violet 2R
Cellit fast yellow .
Cellit fast vellow 20N
By
Cellit fast vellow R
By.
Dispersol vellow 3G . .
BDC
BDC
BDC
BDC
176
110
1,341
676
1,816
Duranol black. .
Duranol blue G paste
Duranol red. .
BDC
Duranol red Q paste
BDC
BDC
180
200
lonamine.
BDC
lonamine L .
BDC
lonainine orange CB .
BCD
B
120
100
100
100
5,000
2,055
550
1,100
Orange extra paste
B
Red violet extra paste
B
SRAbluelV.
BC
BC
Q
SRAred I, III....
Setacyl direct orange ..
G
Setacyl direct orange 2R pdr
G
Setacyl direct red B pdr
G
110
550
100
100
100
Setacyl direct yellow R pdr .
G
Violet B extra paste . .
B.
Yellow G paste .
B
B
RAPID FAST DYES
Rapid fast blue B pdr
Rapid fast Bordeaux B paste
Rapid fast brown B pdr
GrE
GrE
GrE
376
1,256
20
126
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
RAPID FAST DYES— Continued
Manufac-
turer
Imports
Name of dye
Quantity
Invoice
value
Rapid fast orange
Pounds
2,980
Rapid fast orange BQ
GrE
Rapid fast orange RG
GrE.
Rapid fast pink..
1,410
Rapid fast pink LB
GrE
Rapid fast pink LO
GrE
Rapid fast red
8,593
$4,66f
Rapid fast red B.
GrE
Rapid fast red BB
GrE
Rapid fast red QL..
GrE
Rapid fast red GZ
GrE
Rapid fast red 3GL
GrE
Rapid fast red RG
GrE
Rapid fast yellow G paste ..
GrE
100
UNIDENTIFIED BASIC DYES
Brilliant acridine orange
Brilliant acridine orange R cone
Brilliant acridine orange 3R
Brilliant rhoduline blue
Brilliant rhodamine blue
Brilliant rhoduline blue R...
Chrysophosphine 2G
Diamond pbosphine R
Diazine black G
Euchrysine GX
Japan black MBG
Methyl violet 4B pdr
Rhodamine 6GDN extra
Rhodamine 6GDN extra (single strength).
Rhodamine 6GDN extra (single strength),
Rhodamine sky blue
Rhodamine sky blue 3G
Rhoduline sky blue 3G
Straw blue G
Tannastrol O
Thionine sky blue 6B
Toluidine blue
Xantho acridine
Xantho acridine GN extra
Xantho acridine MO pdr
Xantho phosphine M pdr
All other basic dyes
Q--
DH.
StD-
By-.
C._.
K...
B...
B...
AG.
B..
By.
By.
By.
By-
S—
Q-
B..
DH.
DH.
DH.
By..
727
"2^285"
1,000
665
430
800
305
75, 700
95
500
10
5
330
110
2
UNIDENTIFIED SULPHUR DYES
Cross dye green
Cross dye green B..
Cross dye green 2G cone
Cross dye yellow Y
Eclipse brown RRC
Eclipse dark brown
Immedial brown W cone
Immedial direct blue
Immedial direct blue B
Immedial direct blue 4B.
Immedial indogene GCL cone
Indo carbon SN
Katigone chrome blue 5Q
Katigene deep black BC
Katigone indigo
Katigene indigo CLGG extra.
Katigene indigo CL5G extra..
Katigone orange FR
Kurgan violet 3RX.-
Pyrugenc blue green B.
Pyrogene brilliant blue 6B
Pyrogene brown G..
Pyrogcne cutch 2R extra
Pyrogene green GK
BDC.
BDC.
BDC.
G
G
C
C.
C.
C.
C.
By-
By-
By-
By.
By-
B..
67, 924
500
110
110
2,000
1,525
2,000
50
584
5
2,750
10
1,000
345
550
2,535
551
4,408
DYES IMPORTED FOE CONSUMPTION
127
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
UNIDENTIFIED SULPHUR DYES— Continued
Name of dye
Pyrogene pure blue 3GL
Sulphide now blue BL
Sulphide violet
Sulphide violet B
Sulphide violet V
Sulphur blaclc
Sulphur black CLB.
Sulphur black FAG
Sulphur brilliant blue CLB
Sulphur gray G
Sulphur yfllovsr G extra
Thiogene black MA, highly cone
Thional brilliant blue 6BS conc—
Thional brilliant green 2G conc...
Thionol brown
Thionol brown O
Thionol brown R
Thionol direct blue S
Thionol vellow..
Thionol yellow GR
Thionol yellow R
Manufac-
turer
A...
AG.
AG.
AG.
A...
M-.
S— .
S— .
BDC.
BDC.
BDC.
BDC.
BDC.
Imports
Quantity
Pounds
3,085
551
1,800
35
500
5
2,000
300
5,001
1,000
18,383
4,830
4,970
Invoice
value
UNIDENTIFIED COLOR-LAKE AND SPIRIT-SOLUBLE DYES
Autol orange pdr
Brilliant helio blue FFR extra
Brilliant holio green GG extra
Brillianton orange R
Brilllanton red RMT _
Ceres blue
Ceres blue I
Ceres blue III
Ceres brown II...
Ceres orange I
Ceres red III
Ceres yellow III
Hansa green GS
Hansa orange
Hansa orange R paste
Hansa orange R pdr
Hansa red
Hansa red B pdr
Hansa red 2G paste
Hansa yellow G
Hansa yellow G paste
Hansa yellow G pdr..
Hansa yellow OR paste
Hansa yellow 5G pdr
Helio Bordeaux BL (single strength).
Helio Bordeaux BL paste..
Helio Bordeaux BL pdr
Lake Bordeaux BL pdr
Pigment Bordeaux BL pdr
Helio chrome yellow GL lumps
Helio fast carmine CL pdr...
Helio fast red RBL pdr
Helio fast rubine LBK pdr
Helio fast violet
Helio fast violet AL
Helio fast violet 2RL
Helio fast yellow pdr
Helio fast yellow HG
Helio fast yellow H5Q
Heho fast yellow HIOQ
Helio marine RL pdr
Helio marine 2GL paste
Helio red RMT
Lake red 2GL pdr
Lithol fast orange
Stone fast orange R
Stone fast orange RN... ._
Lithol fast yellow lumps
Stone fast yellow OG lumps
Stone fast yellow GN lumps
Stone fast yellow GR lumps
B...
By..
By-.
AG.
AG.
By-
By.
By-
By-
By-
By-
M..
M.
By-
By-
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By.
By-
By.
By-
By.
By.
By.
By.
G..
200
700
100
200
5
66
5
107
150
105
70
2,000
9,000
125
1,100
27, 491
5
40
5
300
200
350
303
11
931
55
800
2,900
$20
10
6,773
3,434
5919— 26t-
-10
128
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 31. — Imports of dyes, calendar year 1925 — Continued
UNIDENTIFIED COLOR-LAKE AND SPIRIT-SOLUBLE DYES— Continued
Name of dye
Manufac-
turer
Imports
Quantity
Invoice
value
Lithol fast yellow, paste.
Stone fast yellow OR paste-
Stone fast yellow 5Q paste—
Lithol fast yellow, pdr..
Stone fast yellow 5Q pdr
Lithol rubine BK pdr
Oil green ALB lumps
Oil red O paste..
Paper fast Bordeaux B...
Permanent red
Permanent red F3R extra..
Permanent red F5R extra..
Permanent red F6R extra..
Pigment deep black R
Spirit fast blue R
Spirit fast red.
Spirit fast red B
Spirit fast red 3B
Spirit fast violet R
Tero (Tvpophor) brown FR
Tero (Typophor) yellow FR....
Wax red.
Zapon blue G pdr
All other color-lake dyes.
B...
B...
K...
BC.
By-.
AG-
AG-
A.-
By-
M-.
B--
By-
Pounds
900
500
5
15
300
2,779
320
300
10
20
10
10
200
5
$405
UNIDENTIFIED, UNCLASSIFIED DYES
Blue 4830
Brilliant alliance blue
Dark brown
Fine pink
Fraise-- --
Green B
Mandarin yellow
Patent black N
Rose color
Silver gray
Yellow C
All other aniline dyes.
$634
Index to table of dye imports
Name of dye
Aceto purpurine 8B
Acid alizarin black R
Acid alizarin gray G
Acid anthracene brown KE
Acid anthracene brown PG
Acid anthracene brown WSQ...
Acid anthracene red 3B
Acid anthracene red 3BL, 5BL-
Acid blue AM ---
Acid blue RBF
Acid brown RN
Acid chrome yellow RL
Acid cyanine BF
Acid milling black B.
Acid milling red G cone
Acid milling red R
Acid milling yellow G
Acid ponceau E
Acid pure blue R supra
Acid rhodamine B, BG, 3R
Acid violet 4BL0 --.
Acid violet 5BE
Acid violet CB (A)
Colour
Index
No.
436
172
487
"§33'
853
307
443
487
695
698
697
Page
100
98
119
119
119
119
100
119
104
112
112
119
104
99
100
100
112
98
112
112
101
101
101
Name of dye
Acid violet 6B (tM)--
Acid violet 6BN, 6BN00.
Acid violet 6BNG
Acid violet 7B
Acid violet 8B
Acid violet lOB...
Acid violet C 2B
Acid violet S 4B..
Acid violet 311..
Acid violet RN.
Acid violet 4 RNOO..
Acidol blue A
Acridine orange DHE
Acrouol brilliant blue
AUxska black lOBX.--
Algol blue FB
Algol blue 3R
Algol blue 3RP
Algol brilliant pink FB
Algol brilliant pink FF
Algol brilliant red 2B
Algol gray GK
Algol pink R
Colour
Index
No.
717
717
702
758
714
788
664
246
1113
1134
1133
1145
1128
Page
101
102
102
102
112
112
112
101
112
112
103
102
103
101
99
108
109
115
115
115
109
109
109
INDEX TO TABLE OF DYE IMPORTS
129
Index to table of dye imports— Continued
Name of dye
Color
Index
No.
1155
1133
1129
1027
1027
1039
1040
1027
1027
1075
1019
1075
1066
1073
1067
1054
1053
10S8
1053
1085
1045
1045
1032
1051
1065
1078
1064
1087
1077
1076
zarin paste bluish
zarin, synthetic...
zarin OI
zarin SX paste
zarin VI paste
zarin VI old paste
zarin astrol B
zarin astrol violet B..
zarin black S.. .-
zarin blue AS
zarin blue G, R.
arin blue R...
zarin blue IR, JR
zarin blue S, SB
zarin blue SAP
zarin blue SAWSA
zarin blue SKY
zarin blue WS..
zarin blue black B, 3B
zariu Bordeaux B, BP
zaria Bordeaux GG, GP
zarin claret R
zarin cyanine 2G
zarin cyanine ND
arin cyanine black G
zarin cyanine green G, 3G
zarin cyclainine R
zarin direct blue A...
zarin direct blue A 2Q
zarin direct blue A 3Q
zarin direct blue B..
zarin direct blue BGAOO
zarin direct blue ESR...
zarin direct blue RXO
zarin direct red 2B
zarin direct violet E, 2B
zarin direct violet R, ER
zarin emeraldole green G
zarin fast black SP
zarin fast blue BHG
zarin fast gray 2BL
zarin fast light brown GL
arin geranole B...
zarin green S
zarin indigo B
zarin indigo G
zarin indigo 3R
zarin indigo 7Q, 5R, 7R
zarin indigo black B
zarin indigo brown B, R
zarin indigo green B
zarin indigo green G...
zarin indigo pink B
zarin indigo violet B
zarin irisol R
zarin levelling blue B
zarin levelling blue CA
zarin light blue B
zarin light blue BGAOO
zarin light blue SE I 1053
zarin light blue R ...j 1076
zarin light gray BS I
zarin light green GS i 1078
zarin light green 2QS I
zarin orange A, AO, R, RP 1 1033
zarin red paste .' 1027
zarin red DIB, IB 1027
zarin red IWS ! 1034
zarin red PS 1037
zarin red SDG 1039
zarin red S, SU, W 1034
zarin red SX 1040
zarin red XOP, YCA... i 1039
zarin rubmol 3G, 5G, OW, R j 1091
zarin saphire blue B ' 1054
zarin saphire blue SE ..' 1053
1073
1056
1092
1071
1201
1202
1200
1073
1087
1054
1077
110
109
115
109
115
105
105
K)fi
106
105
105
106
119
105
106
119
106
106
106
106
106
107
106
107
106
106
105
106
119
106
106
106
112
112
112
107
103
112
106
112
112
106
106
119
119
119
119
107
106
111
111
111
115
115
115
115
115
115
115
106
107
112
106
106
106
106
119
106
119
105
105
105
105
106
106
105
106
106
107
106
106
Name of dye
1058
1084
195
40
704
703
704
11
1146
1143
1120
1143
1123
11C2
1217
1211
1211
1207
1142
1091
Mizarin saphirol B 1054
.Mizarin saphirol SE, WSA 1053
Mizarin sky blue B 1088
Alizarin supra blue A
Alizarin uranol BB, R
Alizarin violet 3R
Alizarin viridine FF..
Alizarin yellow QD
Alizarin yellow R
Alkali blue 2B
Alkali blue D..
Alkali blue3R
Alkali fast green 3B, 2BF, lOG...
Alkali fast green 3G
Alkaline blue H, HE...
Alkaline fast green 3G
Amido fast brown R
Amido naphthol black 4B
Amido yellow E
Anthosine B, 3B
Anthra Bordeaux B.
Anthra Bordeaux R
Anthra brilliant green 5Q...
Anthra brown B.
Anthra claret R
Anthra gray B, BL..
Anthra green B
Anthra orange RF
Anthra pink .\N
Anthra pink B
Anthra pink BN
Anthra pink R_
Anthra printing black BO
Anthra red B.
Anthra red 3B
Anthra red R, RT
Anthra rubine B.
Anthra scarlet B
Anthra scarlet G
Anthra scarlet GG
Anthra violet B
Anthra violet BB
Anthra wool black 3B, R, T
Anthra wool brown CM, CV
Anthra wool red BB, CR
Anthra wool yellow CG
Anthra yellow GC
Anthracene blue SWGG..
Anthracene blue SWR
Anthracene blue WB, WG
Anthracene blue WG, new
Anthracene Bordeaux R
Anthracene brown R, RD
Anthracene brown RP
Anthracene brown SW
Anthracene chromate brown EB
Anthracene chrome blue RWN..
Anthracyanine S..
Anthraflavone GC
Anthraquinone blue green BXO.
Anthraquinone green OXNO —
Anthraquinone violet...
Artificial silk black G, R.
Astra phloxine FF '
Auracine G I 786
Auramine G [ 656
Aurine 724
Autochrome olive B 1
Autochrome olive brown G j
Autol orange pdr ■
Azo acid black B
Azo brilliant violet BB
Azo carmine BX 829
Azo carmine G, GX 828
Azo orseille BB \ 829
Azo rhodine 2B
Azorubinol30S. .|
Azo violet 4BS | 53
Azo wool violet 7R
Azonine R, RR, S....
Azonine direct blue B
Color
Index
No.
1098
1228
1105
1C95
1060
1063
1059
1061
1035
1035
884
1095
1082
1081
1080
Pag«
113
125
125
130 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Index to table of dye imports — Continued
Name of dye
Color
Index
No.
815
Azonine direct red O
Azonine direct violet R
Azonine diiect yellow RR
Basic yellow T, TCN
Benzo bronze QC
Beuzo chrome brown B
Benzo chrome brown G
Benzo chrome brown R
Benzo dark brown extra..
Benzo fast black L
Benzo fast blue FFL ..
Benzo fast blue 2GL, 4GL, 8GL..
Benzo fast blue RL
Benzo fast Bordeaux 6BL
Benzo fast brown GL, 3GL, RL..
Benzo fast copper violet B
Benzo fast eosinc BL
Benzo fast gray BL
Benzo fast heliotrope BL
Benzo fast heliotrope 4BL, 5RH-.
Benzo fast heliotrope 2RL
Benzo fast light brown 3GL 1
Benzo fast light scarlet 4BL [ ,
Benzo fast orange 2RL ! ,
Benzo fast orange S, WS.. .j 326
Benzo fast red 6BL I
319
319
466
Benzo fast red 8BL
Benzo fast rubine BL
Benzo fast scarlet 4BS
Benzo fast scarlet 5BS, 8BS, GS
Benzo fast violet B._
Benzo fast yellow RL
Benzo new blue G
Benzo new blue 5B.
Benzo red 12B
Benzo rhoduline red B, 3B
Benzo rubine SC
Benzo scarlet BC
Benzo violet O
Benzoform blue 2BL, G _
Benzoform Bordeaux R
Benzoform brown 4R, VL
Benzoform green FFL
Benzoform orange G
Benzoform red 2GF..
Benzoform scarlet B
Benzoform yellow QL, R
Benzyl fast blue GL
Benzyl fast blue L
Benzyl green B
Betaniine blue 8BL
Black extra .. .
Blue 4830
Blue 1900 TCD
Blue extra
Blue for artificial silk. . ...
BlucNA
Bordeaux GOV
Brilliant acid blue A . I 714
Brilliant acid blue EG, FF, G ,
Brilliant acid blue V 712
Brilliant acid green 6B 667
Brilliant acridine orange A 788
Brilliant acridine orange R, 3R
Brilliant alizarin Bordeaux R I 1038
Brilliant alliance blue i
Brilliant benzo blue 6B ' 518
Brilliant benzo fast violet BL ..| 319
Brilliant benzo fast yellow QL..
Brilliant benzo green B
833
Brilliant benzo violet B
Brilliant benzo violet 2BIL 2R
Bril'iant bhic G..
Brilliant carminogene 3B
Brilliant chrome blue 2B, PR, PV.
Brilliant chrome blue S
Brilliant chrome violet B
Brilliant chrome violet 4B
Brilliant chrome violet 3R, 3RA...
Brilliant chrome violet 3RN
Brilliant congo R
325
720
163
456
125
123
125
104
121
121
100
100
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
99
121
99
121
121
121
99
121
99
121
121
121
100 I
121
121
121
99
99
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
104
113
101
102
99
128
105
102
125
99
99
102
113
102
101
103
126
106
128
100
99
121
121
99
121
102
98
119
119
119
102
119
119
100
Name of dye
Brilliant congo blue 5R
Brilliant congo violet R
Brilliant copper blue GW
Brilliant cotton blue 8B
Brilliant cresyl blue BBS
Brilliant delphine blue B.
Brilliant dianil blue 6G..
Brilliant fast blue 3BX
Brilliant geranine B, 2BN
Brilliant green crystals
Brilliant helio blue FFR
Brilliant helio green GG
Brilliant indigo B
Brilliant indigo BB
Brilliant indigo 4B
Brilliant indigo 4G
Brilliant milling blue B, FG
Brilliant milling green B
Brilliant milling red R
Brilliant milling violet R
Brilliant phosphiae 5G,
Brilliant pure yellow 6G
Brilliant purpurine lOB (A)
Brilliant rhodamine blue R..
Brilliant rhoduline blue R
Brilliant scarlet N... .
Brilliant sky blue B, G..
Brilliant sky blue 6G.
Brilliant sky blue 8G
Brilliant sky blue R, 2RM
Brilliant sulphon red B, 5B, lOB
Brilliant triazol fast violet BL
Brilliant triazol fast violet 4BL
Brilliant triazol fast violet 5RH
Brilliant triazol fast violet 2RL... .
Brilliant wool blue FFR....
Brillianton orange R
Brillianton red RMT
Brom indigo FBP.
Bromofluorescein A 30
Bromofluoresic acid
Brown JB
Capri blue GON
Cashmire black TN
Celatene black
Celatene blue
Celatene brilliant violet B
Celatene fast light brown
Celatene fast light yellow
Celatene gold orange
Celatene orange
Celatene red
Celatene red violet
Celatene yellow
Celestine blue B
Cellit fast blue R
Cellit fast brown O
Cellit fast orange Q
Cellit fast red B
Cellit fast rubine B
Cellit fast violet 2R
Cellit fast yellow 20N, R
Ceres blue I, III
Ceres brown II
Ceres orange I
Ceres red III
Ceres yellow III
Chicago red III
Chloramine black N
Chloramine blue 3Q
Chloramine blue HW
Chloramine brilliant red 8B
Chloramine fast orange G, R
Chloramine light gray R
Chloramine light violet R
Chloramine orange O
Chloramine red B, SB...
Chloramine red 8BS
Chloramine yellow FF
Chlorantine brown Y
Chlorantine fast blue 2QL
Color
Index
No.
877
878
710
127
662
1190
11S8
1184
1JS9
667
487
710
"32"
1184
535
876
900
590
591
436
621
382
436
814
INDEX TO TABLE OF DYE IMPOSTS
Index to table oj dye imports — Continued
131
Name of dye
Color
Index
No.
Page
122
122
99
122
122
122
99
100
122
122
99 1
122
99
122
122
122
99
122
100
99
105
102
119
119
98
119
104
119
102
119
107
104
119
119
119
119
119
119
98
119
119
119
119
119
119
119
105
119
102
119
120
100
120
120
120
120
120
120
103
120
120
1 120
120
120
120
102
120
120
120
126
115
111
111
112
111
112
111
115
115
'Name of dye
Color
Index
No.
Page
Chlorantine fast blue 4GL, 8GL
ClbaredSB
1212
1226
1229
1228
1222
1196
1172
1115
111
Chlorantine fast brown BRL, 3GL,
Ciba red G
112'
RL
Ciba red R ...
112
Chlorantine fast gray B
403
Ciba scarlet G extra
112
Chlorantine fast green B ._
Ciba violet B, R
112
Chlorantine fast orange 2RL
Ciba yellow G.. .
111
Chlorantine fast red 5BL
Cibanone black B
110
Chlorantine fast red 7BL.
278
436
Cibanone blue G. .
108
Chlorantine fast red 8BN
Cibanone blue2G-
116
Chlorantine fast violet 4BL, 5BL
Cibanone blue 3G- .
1173
1113
110
4BLN.__ „..
Cibanone blue GCD
108
Chlorantine fast violet RL, 2RL ..
""349"
Cibanone blue GL
115
Chlorantine fast yellow 4GL
Cibanone brown B.
1171
110
Chlorantine fast yellow RL
Cibanone brown R.
115
Chlorantine red 3B.
382
Cibanone deep blue BO
1099
1174
1169
107
Chlorazol drab RH
Cibanone green B
110
Chlorazol fast brown RK
Cibanone orange R
110
Chlorazol fast eosinc B._
Cibanone orange 3R, 6R
115'
Chlorazol fast heliotrope BK
319
Cibanone red G._
115
Chlorazol fast orange AG
Cibanone yellow 2G
115>
Chlorazol fast orange D . ._
621
388
884
721
Cibanone yellow R_
1170
146
289
110
Citronine AAEJ
9S
Chromacetine blue S
Cloth fast blue GTB
99
Chromal blue GC
Cloth fast orange G, R
113
Chromanol black RVI
Cloth fast red B,3B. R . ..
113
Chromanol violet Rl..-
Cloth fast vellow G
113
Chromazone red new cone -
124
Cloth red B
269
99
Chromazurine DN ... .
Coerulein SIC
120
Chromazurine E, G, GR . .
879
""723'
Colonial blue R.. ..
120
Chromazurine NS, R, RN, RR
Columbia black FB, FF
539
473
100
Chromazurol S
Columbia blue G
100
Chrome blue BR
Columbia catechine A, 3B, G
122
Chrome blue black B _ _
1085
878
Columbia fast black V.
122
Chrome brilliant blue G _
Columbia red OB, 03B . ..
122
Chronie brown VR ...
Columbia violet R..
394
598
377
459
376
289
99
Chrome deep brown RRN
Congo brown G..
100
Chrome fast blue FB...
Congo orange G..
99
Chrome fast brown TP
Congo orange R . .
100
Chrome fast green GL
CongorubineB
99
Chrome fast phosphine R
Coomassie navy blue GNX
99
Chrom.e fast yellow 2G.. . .
112
CoreineMS
120
Chrome green BF, DC, GD .
I Coreine RR
900
787
105
Chrome olive JCS
Coriphosphine OX. .
103
Chrome orange il, ^51, N
CotonerolA. .
122
Chrome printing Bordeaux B
Cotton black E
581
582
707
909
448
252
346
100
Chrome printing green B
Cotton black RW
100
Chrome printing orange 2R
Cotton blue No. 2
102
Chrome printing red B, Y .
Cotton blue R
105
Chrome printing violet N . ..
892
Cotton red 4BX
100
Chrome red brown 3RD ...
Cotton scarlet extra..
99
Chrome violet CG. _.
727
Cotton yellow G...
99
Chrome yellow RL
Cross dye green B
126
Chromochlorine E, EN
Cross dye green 2G
126
Chromocitronine R
441
Cross dye vellow Y ...
126
Chromocitronine 3R
Crystal violet
681
681
596
-.07
420
715
715
715
679
679
101
Chromogene azurine B ..
Crystal violet P
101
Chromogene violet B
Cupranil brown G
100
Chroraophenine FKN, RP
Cupranil brown R
100
Chromophosphine EFN
1 Cutch brown 2R cone...
100
Chromopurpurine .TJ ...
Cyanolextra
102
Chromorhodine BB, BN, BR
762
1 Cyanol FF
102
Chromorhodine 6GN, 6GS
; Cyanol blue FF .. .
102
Chromorhoduline B
i Dahlia bluish
101
Chromorosamine 2B
1 Dahlia violet
101
Chromosafranine B .
Dark brown
128
Chromovesuvine JA, RA
Delphine blue B
878
451
104
Chromoxane azurol BD
Deltapurpurine 5B
100
Chromoxanp brilliant blue G
720
i Developed brilliant green 3G
122
Chromoxane brilliant violet SB
1 Developed brilliant orange 5G.
122
Chromoxane green 2G ... .
Developed brilliant orange GR
1 Developed brilliant scarlet 2BL
324
99
Chromoxane pure blue B, BLD
122
Chrysophosphine 2G
: Developed brown 3G
122
Cibablue2BL ...
Developed indigo blue4GL
122
Ciba Bordeaux B
1208
1187
1220
1198
1230
1207
Developed light yellow 2G.-
654
101
Ciba brown R
Developed pink B
122
Ciba gray G
Developed skv blueSGL
122
Ciba green G
Developing black ED
122
Ciba orange G
Developing black OT
371
99
Ciba pink B.
Developing blue B^
122
Ciba Dink BG
Developing blue 2R =..
316
99
Ciba printing black B..
Developing indigo blue R
122
132 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Index to table of dye imports — Continued
Name of dye
Color
Index
No.
Diamine azo Bordeaux BL
Diamine azo brown G, 2G, 3G -
Diamine azo fast Bordeaux B
Diamine azo fast green G
Diamine azo fast red 6B
Diamine azo fast violet B, R, 3R
Diamine azo orange RR
Diamine azo violet BL
Diamine azo j'ellow 2G -.-
Diamine black BO
Diamine brilliant blue G
Diamine brilliant Bordeaux R
Diamine brilliant scarlet S
Diamine brilliant violet B
Diamine bronze G
Diamine brown B
Diamine catechine B, Q, 3G -..
Diamine fast blue F, FSB, FFB
Diamine fast blue FFG, F3G.
Diamine fast Bordeaux 6BS
Diamine fast brilliant blue R
Diamine fast brown G, 3Q, GB, G2B.
Diamine fast brown R
Diamine fast gray BN
Diamine fast orange EG, ER...
Diamine fast red 8BL_
Diamine fast red violet FR
Diamine fast rose G
Diamine fast rubine FB
Diamine fast violet FFBN, FFRN..
Diamine fast yellow AGG, FF
Diamine fast yellow R
D iamine griiyG...
Diamine green B
Diamine neron BB
Diamine orange B
Diamine orange F
Diamine rose BD, GD
Diamine scarlet 3B
Diamine sky blue FF
Diamine sky blue N
Diamine steel blue L
Diamine yellow N
Diaminogene extra
Diaminogene GG
Diaminogene blue NA
Diaminogene blue NBB
Diamond phosphine R
Dianil brown CG
Dianil chrome brown G
Dianil crimson B _-.
Dianil fast blue GL
Dianil fast orange RR
Dianil fast violet BL
Dianil light red 12 BL
Diazamine blue BR
Diazamine blue 4R
Diazanil pink B
Diazine black G
Diazo black VG
Diazo Bordeaux 7B..-
Diazo brilliant black B
Diazo brilliant blue 2BL
Diazo brilliant green 3G
Diazo brilliant orange 5G
Diazo brilliant orange GR
Diazo brilliant scailet 6B, 3BA
Diazo brilliant scarlet 2BL, 5BL
Diazo brilliant scarlet O, S8B
Diazo brilliant scarlet ROA
Diazo brown G,3G, 6G,3RB
Diazo fast black MG
Diazo fast black SD, VD
Diazo fast blue 2BW, 6GW, 4RW..
Diazo fast Bordeaux BL
Diazo fist fjreen OF
Diazo fast red 7BL
Diazo fast violet BL, 3RL
Diazo f:ist yellow Q
Diazo fast yellow 2G
Diazo geranine B
493
511
543
325
559
423
278
278
325
814
593
317
409
459
128
382
518
488
317
316
516
596
400
316
449
324
324
654
Page
122
122
122
122
122
122
99
122
122
100
100
100
122
99
100
100
122
122
122
123
123
123
123
123
123
99
123
123
102
123
12G
100
100
100
123
123
100
99
123
99
100
120
123
i.100
99
123
123
123
123
99
123
123
126
123
123
100
123
123
123
99
123
123
123
99
123
99
123
123
123
123
123
123
123
101
123
Name of dye
Diazo indigo blue BR
Diazo indigo blue 4GL
Diazo red NSB...
Diazo rubine B
Diazo sky blue B, 3G, 3GL
Diazogene light violet BL
Diazopht'n>l black V
Diphene blue R
Diphenyl black base I
Diphenyl brown BBNC
Diphenyl brown GS
Diphenyl catechine D...
Diphenyl catechine G supra
Diphtnyl catechine R
Diphenyl chlorine yellow FF...
Diphenyl chrysoine GC
Diphenyl fast Bordeaux BC, G.
Dipheynl fast bronze B
Diphenyl fast brown GF.
Diphenyl fast brown GNC
Diphenyl fast gray B, BC
Direct blue O
Direct brilliant blue 8B
Direct cutch brown GR, N
Direct fast orange K
Direct fast orange R
Direct fastred3B
Direct fast violet B, BL
Direct fast violet 2RL
Direct gray R
Direct red B
Discharge black BF
Discharge blue BQ extra
Dispersol yellow 3G
Duranol black
Duranol blue G
Duranol orange G
Duranol red BB, G
Duranol violet 2R
Duranthrene red BN
Eclipse brown RRC
Eclipse dark brown
Eosine A
Eosine CPG
Eosine W
Eosine Y
Erika B
Eridan brilliant scarlet B
Eridan scarlet R
Erio anthracene brown R
Erio carmine 2BC
Erio fast fuchsine BBL
Erio fast cyanine green G
Erio fast yellow R
Erio green B supra
Eriochromal brown G
Eriochromal gray 5G
Eriochrome azurol BC, BX
Eriochrome black E
Eriochrome blue S, SE
Eriochrome blue black G
Eriochrome brilliant violet B-.
Eriochrome cyanine RC
Eriochrome flavine A...
Eriochrome geranol R
Eriochrome green L
Eriochrome phosphine RR
Eriochrome red B
Eriochrome red G, R
Eriochrome violet B, 3B
Eriocyanine AC
Erioglaucine AP, X
Erioviridine B supra
Ervthrosine
Ethyl violet
Euchrysine GX..
Euchrysine 2RDX, 2RX
Euchrysine 3RX
Fast acid blue B
Fast acid blue R-.
Fast acid green BB
Color
Index
No.
851
871
598
628
814
631
629
403
710
653
873
1162
708
768
130
758
1078
735
720
722
219
652
699
671
667
773
682
797
788
733
760
INDEX TO TABLE OF DYE IMPORTS
Index to table of dye imports — Continued
133
Name of dye
Color
Index
No.
Page
757
696
758
833
239
278
691
670
636
2
306
16
794
Fast acid green extra bluish
Fast acid magenta Q
Fast acid marine blue IIBBX ,
Fast acid violet B.. --
Fast acid violet lOB.
Fast acid violet R
Fast blue WBL
Fast brown G
Fast chrome green BN
Fast cotton blue 4QL
Fast cotton Bordeaux 6BL
Fast cotton brown QB, RL, 4RL..,
Fast cotton catechine 3B, Q, O, R.
Fast cotton corinth B —
Fast cotton gray BL, QL, VL
Fast cotton red 8BL
Fast cotton rose 2B
Fast cotton rubine B, 3B
Fast cotton scarlet 4BL
Fast cotton violet 4R-
Fast cotton yellow RL
Fast green extra bluish
Fast light green SFX
Fast light yellow 20, 3G
Fast printing green
Fast sulphon black F
Fast yellow extra
Fine pink
Flavophosphine G, 4G
Fluorescent blue
Formal fast black O, R._
Foulard discharge blue B
Foulard discharge green BL
Fouramine A, AN, AT
Fraise.
Fuehsine
Fur black DB, DG
Fur blue black A, B, DB, SA, SB
Fur brown NZ, NZD, P, PR, PY..
Fur brown 2R, 4R, SKG, SP
Fur gray ALA, B, G
Fur gray brown SLA
Fur olive DA, 6G
Fur red brown 6R
Fur yellow 4Q
Fur yellow brown A
Gallamine blue
Gallazine #90
Gallo navy blue RD
Gallo violet DF
Geranine G
Green B.
Qrelanone blue CG
Grelanone brown B
Grelanone brown RR
Grelanone orange R
Grelanone red 2B
Grelanone scarlet O
Grelanone violet 3B
Grelanone violet BR
Grelanone yellow RG
Guinea blue A
Guinea blue A4B, V4B
Guinea brown R, 2R |
Guinea fast green B i -
Guinea fast green 3B.. | 667
Guinea fast red BL
691
875
677
875
875
875
875
875
875
875
875-
875.
875
894
905
892
127
1152
1151
1136
1134
1135
1132
714
Guinea fast red 2R
Guinea light blue A, A 2G
Half-wool blue 3R
Hansa green GS
Hansa orange R
Hansa red, B 2G
nan.<;a yellow G, 5G.
Hansa yellow lOG
Hansa yellow GR
Helindone black IBB
Helindone blue 30
Helindone blue IBGD, IBCS.
Helindone blue IGGD
Helindone blue 3 R
114
1114
1113
101
113
113
103
101
103
104
98
120
124
124
124
124
124
124
99
124
124
124
124
121
101
101
101
128
103
105
124
120
120
104
128
101
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
104
105
105
120
105
98
128
116
110
110
109
116
116
109
109
109
102
113
113
113
101
113
98
113
124
127
127
127
127
98
127
107
116
108
108
116
Name of dye
1227
1152
1149
1151
1223
1144
1228
1096
1097
1145
1199
1150
1216
1217
1211
1211
1209
1212
iiee
1162
1212
Helindone blue green IB
Helindone brilhant blue IR
Helindone brilliant green D 5Q..
Helindone brilliant green 5G
Helindone brown G
Helindone brown IG -..
Helindone brown lOG.
Helindone brown lOR
Helindone brown IR.
Helindone brown I 3R, IRT -.-
Helindone brown 2R
Helindone corinth IRK..
Helindone fast scarlet B, BG
Helindone fast scarlet C
Helindone golden orange IG _..
Helindone golden orange IRRT
Helindone golden orange I3G.
Helindone gray IGK
Helindone green G
Helindone green IGQ
Helindone khaki IGQ..
Helindone olive IR..
Helindone orange D
Helindone orange I 4R
Helindone orange R
Hehndone pink AN
Helindone pink B
Helindone pink BN -..
Helindone pink IB --.
Helindone pink R --.
Helindone printing black IBR
Helindone printing black RD
Helindone red B
Helindone red 3B
Helindone red DIBN
Helindone red IGG —
Helindone red IRK
Helindone reddish violet IRH
Helindone reddish violet IRR
Helindone reddish violet IRRK
Helindone violet 2B, R...
Helindone violet BH..
Helindone violet IBN
Helindone violet R
Helindone yellow AGO
Helindone yellow CG vat
Helindone yellow 3GN
Helindone yellow IG... —
Helindone yellow JGK
Hello Bordeaux BL
Hello chrome yellow GL
Helio fast carmine CL
Hello fast red RBL
Helio fast red RL
Helio fast rubine LBK
Helio fast violet AL, 2RL
Heho fast vellow HG, H5G, H lOG
Helio marine 2GL, RL
Helio red RMT.
Hydron blue G...
Hydron blue R
Hydron Bordeaux B
Hydron Bordeaux R
Hydron brown G, R
Hydron green B, G .--1
Hydron olive GN ..'
Hydron orange RF ! 1217
Hydron pink FB.... '
Hydron pink FF, RF
Hydron scarlet 2B, 3B
Hydron sky blue FK
Hydron violet B, R '
Hydron yellow GG
Hydron yellow NF
Hydron yellow brown G —
Hydron yellow olive GO —
Ignamine orange 3G I 368
Ignamine orange R -- 440
Immedial brown W ]
Immedial direct blue B, 4B
Immedial indogene GCL
Color
Index
No.
1161
1219
1163
1219
1095
1138
1118
1132
134 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Index to table of dye imports — Continued
Name of dye
Imperial scarlet 3B. -
Indaiizarine J
Indanthrene black BQ, EGA
Indanthrene blue BCS
Indanthrene blue 3Q
Indanthrene blue GCD
Indanthrene blue GCDL..
Indanthrene blue RC, REZ, RHZ..
Indanthrene blue RK
Indanthrene blue RL, RRZ
Indanthrene blue RS
Indanthrene blue RZ
Indanthrene blue WB
Indanthrene Bordeaux B
Indanthrene brilliant violet BBK
Indanthrene brilliant violet RK
Indanthrene golden orange Q.
Indanthrene golden orange 3G
Indanthrene olive Q
Indanthrene orange RRK..
Indanthrene red 5GK
Indanthrene violet RR -
Indanthrene yellow G..
Indazine (spirit soluble) .-. -.
Indigo, synthetic
Indigo vat ---
Indigo MLB/4B
Indigo MLB/6B
Indigo KG
Indigo carmine blue FF
Indigosol ---
Indigosol O --
Indigosol 04B, R
Indigosol yellow HGG
Indo carbpn SN
Indocyanme B
Induline NN -
Induline scarlet
Ink blue BITBN, BITBNOO, BITN
Intensive blue B
lonamine A, L
lonamine orange CB
Isamine blue 6B.._
Isamine blue R,. -
Japan black extra --
Japan black MBG..
Jasmine, highly cone
Katigene chrome blue 5G
Katigene deep black BO..
Katigene indigo CLOG, CL5G
Katigene orange FR
Kiton blue A
Kiton fast red BL, 4BL, R
Kiton fast violet lOB -
Kiton fast yellow 3G, R
Kiton pure blue V
Kryogene direct blue GO
Kurgan direct blue GO
Kurgan violet 3RX ...
Lake Bordeaux BL.
Lake red C -
Lake red 2QL... - —
Lake red P -
Lanasol blue R
Leucol yellow G
Levelling silk blue B --.
Light green SF yellowish --
Lissamine fast vellow 2G
Lithol red R .--
Lithol rubine BK
Magenta AB
Magenta S
Malta gray J.. -
Mandarin yellow
Meldola's blue 3R-- -.- --.
Metachronie black AG
Metachrome blue DL, GFL
Metachronie blue black 2BX...
Metachrome brilliant blue BL
Metachrome brilliant blue 8RL ..
Metachrome green 3G
Color
Index
No.
280
1114
1109
1113
1108
1106
1093
1146
1134
1035
1096
1167
1136
1131
1104
1118
849
1177
1178
1184
1186
1186
715
1178
1178
861
827
733
"no"
714
696
645
165
'158'
1126
670
639
189
677
692
873
909
Page
99
105
117
108
108
108
117
117
108
117
108
117
107
110
109
105
107
117
110
109
109
107
108
104
110
111
111
111
111
102
111
111
117
117
126
113
104
104
113
102
125
125
102
124
104
126
98
126
126
126
126
102
113
101
101
113
105
105
126
127
113
109
113
101
101
98
128
101
101
104
128
105
120
120
120
120
120
120
Name of dye
Metachrome olive B, 2G
Metachrome olive brown G
Metachrome orange R
Metachrome red Q.
Metachrome violet B
Metachrome violet 2R
Metanilred3B
Methyl Lyons blue
Methyl silk blue new
Methyl silk blue 3G
Methyl violet base.-
Methyl violet 4B
Methyl violet NFBL ,..
Methylene blue BGF, BGX
Methylene blue HOG
Methylene green, G, P, W
Methylene heliotrope
Milling brown R
Milling orange G...
Milling red 6B, 6BA, GA
Milling scarlet 4R
Milling yellow GA, O
Mimosa Z cone
Minaxo acid brown G..
Minaxo black BBNX
Minaxo blue 4R, 4RX.._
Modern brown
Modern cyanine BGG, N, RN, SR, V
Modern gray DH, PS, RON
Modern green E
Modern olive JN
Modern royal blue
Modern violet
Modern violet N
Monochrome brown BC
Nako B, DFN, DMG, G, 2G
NakoSGN, M, RH, SB
Nako black DBB
Nako gray B
Naphthalene acid green J
Naphthalene black 12B
Naphthalene green cone
Naphtharnine light brown 2G
Naphthamine light orange L
Naphtharnine light violet 2B
Naphthochrome violet R
Naphthol yellow S
Naphthylamine black 4B ..-
Neolan blue B, G, 2G
Neolan gray B
Neolan green B
Neolan pink B, G
Neolan red B, R
Neolan violet R
Neolan yellow G, GR, R..
Neptune blue BR _ .-
Neutral violet O..
New Bordeaux RX..
New claret RX
New magenta O -.
New methylene blue N, NS
Night blue
Nigrosine T
Nitrosamine red paste
Nitrosine NN
Novazol blue B
Novazol violet B
Oil green ALB -..
Oil red G
Onis B,3B
Opal blue, bluish. .-
Orange extra (for acetate silk)
Orange crystals
Orange S
Orthocyanine B._
Oxamine black BBNX..
Oxychrome brilliant blue PB
Palatine chrome brilliant blue B
Palatine chrome brilliant violet B
Palatine copper blue B
Paper fast Bordeaux B
Color
Index
No.
104
40
706
705
705
680
922
926
924
845
487
'sis"
884
892
881
875
875
875
875
735
246
735
325
10
308
678
927
731
865
44
2
707
27
150
720
720
INDEX TO TABLE OF DYE IMPORTS
Index to table of dye imports — Continued
135
Name of dye
Paper rea a
Paper yellow 2QX -
Paranil black 2B
Paranil brown 2BX
Pararosaniline.
Parasulphon brown V
Patent black N
Patent blue A
Patent blue V
Patent green AGL
Patent phosphine Q, 2G
Patent phosphine ORNTN
Patent phosphine M
Patent phosphine R (I)
Patent phosphine RRDX
Permanent red F3R, F5R, F6R.
Philadelphia yellow 2G
Phloxine --
Phlo.xine BBN
Phosphine O, 3R
Pigment Bordeaux BL
Pign;ent deep black R
Pilatus black SF
Pilatus chrome brown QGX
Pink R extra (for acetate silk) . ..
Pluto black G
Pluto brown GG
Plutoform black BL
Polar gray
Polar orange GS, R
Polar red B
Polar red G, R RS
Polar yellow 20.
Ponceau 3R
Poseidon blue BGX
Poseidon blue BXX
Poseidon green SGX
Poseidon green VGGX
Purpurine
Pyrazol fast brown B
Pyrazol orange G, R
Pyrogene blue green B
PjTogene brilliant blue 6B
PjTOgene brown G.
Pyrogene cutch 2R
Pyrogene green 3G
Pyrogene green GK
Pyrogene pure blue 3GL
Quinoline yellow cone
Quinoline yellow extra
Quinoline yellow KT
Radio black SB
Radio brown B, S
Radio chrome blue B
Radio chrome green B.
Radio green C
Radio red G, VB....
Radio yellow R
Rapid fast blue B
Rapid fast Bordeaux B
Rapid fast brown B
Rapid fast orange BG, RO
Rapid fast pink LB, LG
Rapid fast red B, BB
Rapid fast red GL, 3GL
Rapid fast red OZ. RQ...
Rapid fast yellow G.
Red violet (for acetate silk)
Resorcine brown
Rheonine AL
Rhodamine B cone
Rhodamine B extra.
Rhodamine 6G
Rhodamine 6GD
Rhodamine 6GDN
Rhodamine S
Rhodamine sky blue 3Q
Rhoduline blue 6G
Rhoduline blue GO
Color
Index
No.
676
714
712
667
789
797
789
789
797
793
774
774
793
241
430
80
712
714
667
735
1037
423
653
1006
801
801
802
234
795
749
749
752
752
743
658
926
124
124
124
124
101
124
128
102
102
101
103
103
103
103
1Q3
128
103
103
103
103
128
128
99
98
125
124
124
124
114
114
114
100
114
98
102
102
101
103
106
100
101
126
126
126
126
105
126
127
103
103
103
114
114
120
120
114
114
114
125
125
125
126
126
126
126
126
126
125
98
103
103
103
103
103
126
103
126
101
105
Name of dye
Rhoduline orange NO...
Rhoduline yellow 6G
Roccelline
Rosanthrene RN
Rosanthrene fast Bordeaux 2BL
Rosanthrene fast red 7BL
Rosanthrene orange R
Rosanthrene pink ,
Rosanthrene violet 5R ,
Rosazeine B extra
Rosazeine 6G
Rosazeine 6GD
Rose color
Rosinduline 2B, blue shade
Rosinduline 2B, bluish
Rosolane
Rosolane paste .,
Runic AL
S R A blue IV
S R A red I, III
Scarlet RR
Setacyl brilliant pink Q
Setacyl direct blue K
Setacyl direct orange G, 2R
Setacyl direct red B
Setacyl direct yellow R
Setocyanine
Setoflavine T
Setoglaucine.
Silk blue BSIC, BT5B00
Silk ponceau
Silver gray
Silver gray P
Sitara fast red RL..
Soluble blue4B, 6B..
Soluble blue 2BX, T
Soluble carmine
Sorrel red X..
Special violet B
Spirit fast blue R
Spirit fast red B, 3B.
Spirit fast violet R
Stilbene yellow GGP, 3GX
Stone fast orange R, RN
Stone fast yellow 2G, 5G
Stone fast yellow, GN, GR
Stone red R
Straw blue G...
Sulphide new blue BL
Sulphide violet B, V
Sulpho rosazeine B
Sulpho rosazeine BG, G
Sulphon cyanine G...
Sulphon orange G-.
Sulphon yellow 5G, R
Sulphur black CLB, FAG
Sulphur black T
Sulphur brilliant blue CLB.
Sulphur gray G..
Sulphur yellow G
Supra cyanine BLA, DLA, FLA..
Supra cyanine 3FLA, 3GLA
Supra cyanine brown GLA, RLA-
Supra cyanine gray GLA
Supra light yellow 2GL
Supramine black BR
Supramine blue FB, R..
Supramine Bordeaux B
Supramine brown G, R
Supramine red B, 3B, 2G
Supramine yellow G, 3G, R
Tannastrol O
Tannocyanine 3G
Tartrazine extra. -.
Tero brown FR
Tero yellow FR
Thiazinered RXX
Thioflavine TCN
Thiogene black MA
Color
Index
No.
788
816
176
749
752
752
829
829
845
846
795
79
739
663
815
658
196
865
69
707
707
622
189
748
"288
978
639
658
640
225
815
Page
136
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Index to table of dye imports — Continued
Name of dye
Color
Index
No.
Page
Name of dye
Color
Index
No.
Page
Thioindigo black B...
118
118
112
112
112
111
111
111
116
112
111
109
118
118
127
127
105
105
126
127
127
127
126
124
124
100
124
124
101
124
124
124
124
100
124
98
100
100
100
101
128
128
121
121
121
107
118
117
108
108
108
108
108
108
108
117
108
108
108
108
108
117 !
117
117 1
108
117
108
117
108
117
107
117
117
109
117
109
109
109
107
117
117
Vat brown B
1120
109
Thioindigo blu^ 2QD
Vat brown FFR
118
Thioin>iigo brown Q .
1227
1223
1224
1217
1211
1212
Vat brown G
1152
110
Thioindigo brown R
Vat brown GO.
117
Thioindigo brown 3R
Vat brown OR.
1149
1151
110
Thioindigo orange R
Vat brown IR, R..
110
Thioindigo pink BN --
1 Vat brown R (C)..
117
Thioindigo red 3B
Vat brown 3R, RT
117
Thioindigo rose RN
Vat corinth RK.. .
1144
1099
1099
1096
109
Thioindigo scarlet 2G...
1228
1219
1138
Vat dark blue BGO..
107
Thioindigo violet 2B, 2R
Vat dark blue BO, BOA
107
Thioindigo yellow 3QN .
Vat golden orange G
107
Thioindone brown B
Vat golden orange 3G
117
Thioindone olive B
Vat golden orange GL
1096
1097
107
Thional brilliant blue 6BS
VaJ, golden orange RRT
107
Thional brilliant green 2Q
Vat gray 3B
117
Thional orange G...
949
926
Vat gray 6B .
1213
111
Thionine blue G, GO
Vat gray BTR
117
Thionine sky blue 6B
Vat gray OK, K
1145
109
Thionol brown O, R
Vat gray RRH
117
Thionol direct blue S
Vat green BB..
1116
108
Thionol yellow OR, R
Vat green 0,GG
118
Toluidine blue
Vat khaki OG..
118
Toluylene fast brown 2R
Vat olive B, IR, R.
1150
1136
1137
110
Toluvlene fast orange GL -..
Vat orange R... ..
109
Toluylene red
436
Vat orange R (By)...
109
Toluylene yellow G
Vat orange 3R
118
Triazogene light yellow 2Q
Vat orange 4R
118
Triazogene orange R
649
Vat orange RRK
1136
1097
109
Triazol fast brown G.
Vat orange RRT
107
Triazol li^ht brown 30L
Vat orange RRTL..
118
Triazol light may BL
Vat orange 6 RTK...
1137
109
Triazol light orange 2RL
Vat orange RRTS...
118
Triazol light red 8BL
436
Vat pink B
118
Triazol pure green B
Vat printing black BO .
118
Trident red RXX
225
561
577
477
661
Vat printing black BR
118
Trisulphon brnwn B
Vat printing brown R
118
Trisulphon brown 20
Vat red B...
1207
1212
llfi2
11.55
1133
HI
Trypan blue. .
Vat red 3B
111
Turquoise blue BB.-.
Vat red BN
110
Typophor brown FR..
Vat red BT..
110
Typophor yellow FR
Vat red FF
109
Ultra corinth B
Vat red OG
118
Ultra cyanine RB
Vat red R .
1133
1162
109
Ultra oranee R
Vat red RK
VatredRKL
110
Vat black BB
1102
118
Vat black BB (OrE)...
Vat red RT
1142
109
Vat black BO, BOA...
Vat red brown R.
118
Vat blue BCD, BCS-.
1114
1109
nil
1115
1113
1113
1115
Vat red violet RII
Vat red violet RHP
1212
HI
Vat blue 30
lis
Vat blue 50_..
Vat red vioU-t RRK, RRKP
Vat scariet 3B
1161
no
Vat blue 00
116
Vat blue OCD
Vat scariet GO.
122s
"nor-
1?]9
11 '■s
1104
1103
1104
112
Vat blue OCDN
Vatskv blue FK... ,
Vat violet B_. „
116
Vat blue OCN
108
Vat blue OOnZ
Vat violet BB
111
Vat hlun OOSL
1110
1110
1110
1110
1110
Vat violet BN
Vat violet IRR
110
Vat blue OOSNL
107
Vat blue OOSNP.. .
Vat violet R
107
Vat blue OOSP
Vat violet RR.
107
Vat blue OOSZ
Vat yellow FFRK..
118
Vat blue RC.
Vat yellow O
1118
108
Vat blue REZ
Vat vellow 60_
118
Vat blue RTIZ...
Vat yellow OC.
1095
107
Vat blue RK
1108
Vat vellow OF
118
Vat blue RL, RRZ
Vat vellow OK.
1132
109
Vat blue RS
1106
Vat vellow 120L 12GDL
118
Vat blue RSN
Vat yellow OP, GT
Vat vellow R.
""iiis"
1132
118
Vat blue RSP
1106
109
Vat blue RZ
Vat vellow RO
109
Vat blue WB...
1093
Vatvellow3RT
118
Vat blue WBO
Vat yellow brown 30
119
Vat blue green B
Vesuvine BLX
332
729
729
(-90
729
'"'707
99
Vat Bordeaux B extra
1143
Victoria blue B
102
Vat brilliant blue R
Victoria blue B base
Victoria blue 4R
102
Vat brilliant orange FR
1136
1134
1135
1104
101
Vat brilliant violet BBK
Victoria pure blue B, B0.._
Violet B extra (for artificial silk)
Water blue
Wax red
102
Vat brilliant violet RK
125
Vat brilliant violet RR_..
102
Vat brilliant violet RRBA
128
Vat brilliant violet RRP
Wool black 6B. QRF
114
INDEX TO TABLE OF DYE IMPORTS
Index to table oj dye imports — Continued
137
Name of dye
Wool blup 2B, 5B...
Wool blue a
Wool blue R. RR
Wool discharge cyanine 3Q.
Wool fast blue BL, GL
Wool fast red 3B
Wool fast violet B
Woo! violet RC
Xantho acridine ON, MO..
Xantho phosphine M
Xylene blue AS cone
Xylene blue VS
Xylene cyanol FF extra
Xylene fast blue OL..
Color
Index
No.
833
487
833
673
672
715
833
115
103
115
115
104
100
104
115
126
126
101
101
102
104
Name of dye
Xylene fast green B.-.
Xylene milling blue AE
Xylene milling blue BL
Xylene milling blue QL
Xylene milling orange R
Xylene milling red B
Yellow C
Yellow 30 (for acetate silk).
Yellow R (for acetate silk)..
Zambesi black D
Zambesi black F
Zambesi black V
Zambesi pure blue4BG
Zapon blue G
Color
Index
No.
735
833
833
833
Page
103
104
104
104
115
115
128
125
125
125
125
125
125
12S
PART Y
CENSUS OF SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS
OTHER THAN THOSE OF COAL-TAR ORIGIN
139
Part V
CENSUS OF SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS OTHER
THAN THOSE OF COAL-TAR ORIGIN, 1925
Introduction
Beginning with 1921 the Tariff Commission has compiled an annual
census of synthetic organic chemicals other than those of coal-tar
origin. This census has shown, wherever the figures could be pub-
lished without disclosing operations of the individual producer, the
quantity of production and the quantity and value of sales.
As the Bureau of the Census collects data for the more important
noncoal-tar organic compounds, the commission has not attempted
to collect statistics on such, except on a few compounds where the
importance of the industry or the conditions appeared to warrant a
departure from this practice. The present report follows the prece-
dent established in 1921 of omitting certain types of compounds
classifiable in three groups: (1) Aliphatic compounds derived from
natural sources by isolation, distillation, extraction, hydrolysis, or
purification. Examples of these are alkaloids, constituents of
essential oils, sugars, and acids such as stearic and tartaric. (2)
Cyanides, cyanamides, or carbides of metals or of inorganic radicals.
(3) Products obtainable from other sources.
Production Increases
The production in 1925 of synthetic organic chemicals other than
those derived from coal tar was 156,878,013 pounds, an increase of
35 per cent over the output of 115,817,865 pounds in 1924. Sales in
1925 amounted to 114,626,209 pounds, valued at $23,632,779.
Expansion in the manufacture of this group is the outstanding
feature of the progress made by the American chemical industry in
1925. In addition to the increased output of a number of the more
important products, a large variety of chemicals made only on a
relatively small scale prior to 1925 were produced in substantial com-
mercial quantities. Among the synthetic chemicals of noncoal-tar
origin showing large gains in production in 1925 were acetaldehyde
and aldol products used extensively in the preparation of rubber
accelerators.
organic solvents
The consumption of esters and solvents by the pyroxylin plastics
and lacquer industry has assumed a heavy tonnage per year, largely
in response to the use of lacquers for painting automobiles. Many
automobile manufacturers are using nitrocellulose lacquers exclu-
sively for finishing their cars. This new field promises to open a
large market for pyroxylin lacquer. The Department of Commerce
reports that the industry has increased several fold since 1924.
141
142 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Another use now being made of lacquers is for inside house and
furniture painting. For automobiles the lacquer is applied by the
spray method, and for furniture by the brush method.
Ethyl acetate. — This ester leads in quantity of production and in
value of sales. The output in 1925 by 12 firms was 26,678,737
pounds, a decline of less than 2 per cent from the previous year.
Sales in 1925 were 19,126,636 pounds, valued at $2,096,789, or 11
cents per pound. Reduced consumption may be explained in part
by a shift in demand. The present pronounced trend toward the
closed automobile, which uses textile fabrics other than artificial
leather, has lessened the demand for ethyl acetate for artifical leather
coating. Reduced consumption for this particular purpose has,
however, been in part offset by the increased consumption as a solvent
for lacquer.
Butanol. — Butyl alcohol, consumed as a solvent in the lacquer
and pyroxylin industries, recorded a large increase in output in 1925.
It is made by the controlled fermentation of corn. In the form of
the ester, butyl acetate, the quantity produced in 1925 was an increase
of 132 per cent over 1924. Butyl acetate has, on account of its lower
price, displaced amyl acetate to a considerable extent. The uncer-
tainty of supplies of amyl alcohol has been a factor in the increased
use of butyl acetate.
Butyl acetate. — The 1925 output of butyl acetate was 16,472,914
pounds. Sales amounted to 6,205,920 pounds, valued at $1,673,632,
Amyl acetate. — The 1925 production of amyl acetate was 1,338,456
pounds, a decrease of nearly 12 per cent from 1924, and of 58 per cent
from 1923.
Butyl propionate and ethyl lactate. — These esters recorded conspicu-
ous increases in 1925. Figures can not be published, however,
without disclosing the output of individual concerns.
ETHYL GASOLINE AND TETRAETHYL LEAD
Ethyl gasoline is ordinary gasoline with a tetraethyl lead content
of about 0.06 per cent and an ethylene dibromide (a halogen carrier)
content of about 0.04 per cent. By decreasing the reaction velocity
of gasoline combustion, this compound so reduces the "knock" of
the engine that it is possible to use an engine of a higher compression
ratio and thereby to obtain a greater mileage per gallon of gasoline
consumed.
Other efficient antiknock compounds to replace tetraethyl lead in
time probably may be discovered. Iron carbonyl has been tried in
Germany, but it is reported to have several disadvantages, chief of
which is iron oxide residues in the combustion chamber. The
"benzol blends" are special gasolines made from crude oils containing
naphthenes, or by cracking and refining processes.
Since the chief reason for using antiknock compounds is to increase
the mileage per gallon of gasoline through higher compression motors,
it would appear that tetraethyl lead or satisfactory substitutes offer
the greatest possibility of improvement in efficiency of internal-
combustion motors.
Production figures for ethyl gasoline in 1925 can not be published.
During the period, July, 1924, to May, 1925, production of tetraethyl
.lead was reported to be one and three-fourths million pounds. From
NON-COAL-TAR SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS 143
the date of the introduction of ethyl gasoline, February 1, 1923, until
May 5, 1925, about 300,000,000 gallons were distributed. Ethyl gas-
is again being marketed under the name of "Esso."
Tetraethyl lead. — The manufacture of tetraethyl lead was dis-
continued from May, 1924, to May, 1925, pending the report of a
committee appointed by the Surgeon General of the Public Health
Service to investigate the health hazard involved in its use. On
January 17, 1926, the report of the committee was submitted to
the Surgeon General, H. S. Gumming. It stated as one of several
conclusions reached that "there are at present no good grounds for
prohibiting the use of ethyl gasoline of the composition specified as a
motor fuel, provided that its distribution and its use are controlled
by proper regulations."
XANTHATES AS FLOTATION AGENTS
Potassium xanthate, which has had a phenomenal increase in the
last two years, has to a great extent displaced many other flotation
agents. Xanthates are used in sulfide ores containing copper, zinc,
lead, silver, and gold, and their application has brought about a
fundamental change in flotation practice and a reduction in metal
cost. With a frothing oil or a pulp conditioner they serve as a col-
lecting agent for concentration by the flotation process.
The production of xanthates in 1923 and 1924 was relatively small
compared with 1925. The consumption of potassium xanthate/
in copper ores increased from 63,963 pounds in 1923 to 252,155
pounds in 1924. It was not listed among the silver-lead or the zinc
and lead-zinc ore flotation reagents. As the unenumerated reagents
total a relatively small figure, it is probable that the above figures
represent almost the entire consumption in the two years. The
1925 production returns place the xanthates among the leading syn-
thetic organic chemicals of noncoal-tar origin. Figures can not be
published, however, without disclosing the confidential operations of
individual firms.
INVESTIGATION OF METHANOL UNDER SECTION 315
Under the provisions of section 315 of the tariff act of 1922 the
Tariff Commission on July 24, 1925, instituted an investigation to
determine the differences between the foreign and domestic costs
of production of methanol. Cost data were obtained from domestic
producers but not from foreign. The one manufacturer of synthetic
methanol in Germany, the principal competing country, refused to
submit cost data to representatives of the commission.
A preliminary statement of the information secured by the corn-
mission in its investigation was issued on May 15, 1926, and a public
hearing was held on June 17, 1926, in the offices of the commission
at Washington.
Imports of synthetic methanol from Germany in 1925 amounted
to 508,409 gallons, or to about 8.5 per cent of domestic production.
Measured quantitively imports were larger in 1925 than in any
year since 1906 and exports (408,185 gallons) were smaller than in
any year since 1913. Exports to Europe have practically ceased.
• Department of Commerce, Bureau of Mines, "Consumption of Reagents used in Flotation, 1923-24."
144
CENSUS OP DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Domestic production of crude methanol in 1925, as reported to the
Department of Commerce, was 7,651,125 gallons. The productive
capacity of the United States is about 14,000,000 gallons per year.
Domestic consumption in 1925 was about equal to production.
OTHER PRODUCTS
Carbon tetrachloride. — This product is used in dry cleaning, as a
filler for fire extinguishers, and as a solvent. The 1925 production
was 16,163,104 pounds, which was a gain of 13 per cent over 1924.
Sales amounted to 13,081,623 pounds, valued at $752,785 — a sales
value of 5.75 cents per pound as compared with 6.5 cents in 1924.
Ether.— The output of ether, USP in 1925 was 5,355,050 pounds
of which 4,411,892 pounds were sold for $1,356,617. The combined
output of USP and technical ether in 1924 was 5,314,928 pounds.
The consumption of ether for pharmaceutical and surgical purposes
is more stable than for technical purposes; the latter use, however, is
increasing.
Ethylene and ethylene derivatives. — Chemicals in this group, in-
cluding ethylene chlorohydrin, ethylene dichloride, and ethylene
glycol, registered large gains in production as a result of new industrial
applications.
Formaldehyde. — The increased production of synthetic phenolic
resins and Indigo is largely responsible for the greater consumption
of formaldehyde. Production in 1925 was 31,455,716 pounds, an
increase of more than 20 per cent over 1924. Sales amounted to
23,391,634 pounds, valued at $1,895,913, a unit value of 8.1 cents
as compared with 9.6 cents in 1924.
Vanillin. — In value of production and sales this flavor ranks first
among synthetic flavors. Production in 1925 was 315,344 pounds,
a slight decrease from 1924. Sales amounted to 294,814 pounds,
valued at $1,933,494.
Other products. — Notable increases were recorded in the production
of furfural, isopropyl alcohol, proprionic acid, succinic acid, and
bromocamphor.
Tablk 32. — Production and sales of synthetic organic chemicals of non-coal-tar
origin, 1925
(The numbers in the second column refer to the numbered alphabetical list of manufacturers printed on
page 221. An X indicates that the manufacturer did not consent to the publication of his name in con-
nection with the particular product. A blank in the third and fourth columns indicates that these
sales can not be published without revealing information in regard to the sales of individual firms.
A blank in the sixth column indicates that the production can not be published without revealing
information in regard to the output of individual firms. The details thus withheld are, however, in-
cluded in the totals.]
Manufacturers'
identification num-
ber (according to
list on p. 221)
Sales
Production
Name of chemical
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
pound
Quantity
Total
Pounds
114,626,209
$23. 632, 779
$0.21
Poxmds
156, 878. 013
29, 63, 99, 143
Acetaldehyde
Acotamide
58
Acetin (mono)
90, 172, X
Aldehyde ammonia
143
Aldol (acetaldol) (b-hydroxy butyralde-
29
hyde)
Allylisothiocyanate
32, 127
NON-COAL-TAR SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS
145
Table 32. — Production and sales of synthetic organic chemicals oj non-coal-tar
origin, 1926 — Continued
Manufacturers'
identification num-
ber (according to
list on p. 221)
Sales
Production
Name of chemical
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
pound
Quantity
Alphozone (disuceinyl peroxide)
Amyl acetate and sec amy! acetate
Amyl alcohol and sec amyl alcohol
158
Pounds
Pounds
53, 66, 90, 98, 110,
123, 172, 174, X,
X, X, X
63, 66, 90, 110, 144,
172, X
139
801, 416
131, 575
$343,855
55, 685
$0.43
.42
1, 338, 456
164, 990
99 .. ..
63
Amytal (isoamylethylbarbituric acid)..
Aubepine (anisaldehyde) .. ..
96
24, 63, 67, 86, 160, X
1, 16,63,99
16
6,686
8,676
22.498
253, 181
3.36
29.18
5,891
Barbital (veronal) (diethylbarbituric
acid)
Barbital sodium (diethylbarbituric acid
sodium salt)
7,622
119
Brometone (tribromotertiarybutyl al-
cohol)
X
52, 99 .
16
Bromural (bromoisovaleryl urea)
Butanol (Sec n-butyl alcohol.)
Butyl acetate (n and sec)
125
53, 63, 66, 68, 90,
98, 110, 172, 174,
X
X X
6,205,920
1, 673, 632
.27
16,472,914
29
58
139
58, 162
90, 180
115
123, 180
99
63, 99, 123
Carbon tetrachloride . .
23, 52, 58, i21, 179..
58
13, 081, 623
752,786
.06
16, 163, 104
16
107, 111
Chloretone (trlchlorotertiarybutyl al-
cohol)
X
52, 53, HI
16
(tannin yeast combination)
16
Chloroform _
Citronellal—
18,23,52, X
167
1, 265, 432
283,122
.22
1,305,868
Citronellol...
61, 63, 86
676
Citronellyl acetate
61, 63, 160
Crotonaldehyde
29
16
63
Decyl aldehyde
63 X
X
16
90
n-Dibutylamine
1, 58
29
Diethylacetic acid
16
Diethylbarbituric acid. (See Barbital.)
Diethylbromoacetyl bromide (bromo
acid).
Diethyl malonate (malonic ester)
16
16
1, 16, 162
Diethyl sulfate
29
Diethylene glycol
29
63
63
Dihvdroxytartaric acid
27, 134 ..
Diiodohydroxypropane
16
Dimethylglyoxime
58, 162
16
Dithrofuroic acid
139
Duodecyl alcohol
63.""". I. '"."I.
146
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 32. — Production and sales of synthetic organic chemicals of non-coal-tar
origin, 1925 — Continued
Manufacturers'
identification num-
ber (according to
list on p. 221)
Sales
Productioi*
Name of chemical
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
pound
Quantity
Duodecyl aldehyde
63
Pounds
Pounds
Erucicacid
16
Ethoxyacetic acid
16
Ethyl acetate (85 per cent) ...
53, 63, 64, 66, 98,
110, 172, 174, X,
X, X, X.
172
19, 126, 636
$2, 096, 789
$0.11
26, 678, 737
Ethyl acotoacetate
Ethyl bromide
16, 52, 53, 99, 184...
Ethyl butyrate
25, 66, 68, 123, 172,
X, X.
123
Ethyl n-caproate.
Ethyl carbonate
172
Ethyl chloride
52, 53, 66, 67, 72,
99, 143, 172, X,
X.
172
Ethyl chloroacetate
Ethyl ether, tech
53, X
Ethyl ether, USP...
99, 136, 157, 172, X.
63, 99, 123, 172, X..
139
4,411,892
3,058
1,356,617
2,211
.31
.72
6, 355, 050
3,446
Ethyl formate.
Ethyl furoate
Ethyl glycolic acid ester of menthol
16
Ethyl heptoate
68...
Ethyl iodide
58,99,107, 136,162.
63,68, 123, X
63, 68, 172.
215
281
1,439
837
6.69
2.98
129
Ethyl isovalerate
360
Ethyl lactate.
Ethyl laurate
63,68,162.
Ethyl malonate (mono).
1,63
Ethyl nitrite..
66,99, 136, X.
63, 123, X
62, 738
.32, 207
.51
69, 530
Ethyl oenanthate
Ethyl oxalate
63,172
Ethyl pelargonate
25, 63, X
Ethyl propionate
63,66, X
Ethyl n-valerate
63,66
Ethylene
172
Ethylene bromide
99.
Ethylene chlorohydrin
29
Ethylene dichloride
29
Ethylene glycol
29
Ethylene glycol methyl ether
29...
Ethylene oxide
29
Eugenol
68
Eugenol methyl ether. (See Methyl
eugenol.)
Formaldehyde
49,81,124,143, X...
177
23,391,634
1,895,913
.08
31,455,716
Formic acid (65 percent)
FuracrUate
139
Fm-furacetone
139
Furfuramide
139..
Furfuran (furan)
139
Furfural
139.
Furfuryl chloride
139..
Furoicacid
139
Furyl acetate
139
Furyl alcohol (furan carbinol)
139...
Gallic acid
68,99,185 . .
550, 604
Qeranyl acetate
24, 61, 63, 86, 160,
X,X.
61,63,86
Qeranyl butyrate
25
29
202
171
8.08
5.90
39
Qeranyl formate
61,63,86,160
61,63
37
Geran vl propionate.
Glycerol diacetate
67
Glycerophosphoric acid and salts
111,124
Glycol diacetate
29
Guaiacol acetate
63
Quauidine sulfate
16
Heliotropin
24,63,67
Heptadecyl aldehyde..
63
Heptaldehyde
63,68,115
n-Heptyl alcohol
68,63
63
Hexadecyl aldehyde
63 .
Hexadecyl ketone
63
Hexamethylenetetramine
81, 124, 143, X
1,606,286
994, 458
.66
1, 657, 993
NON-COAL-TAR SYNTHETIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS
147
Table 32. — Production and sales of synthetic organic chemicals oj non-coal-tar
origin, 1925 — Continued
Manufacturers'
identification num-
ber (according to
list on p. 221.)
Sales
Production
Name of chemical
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
poimd
Quantity
Hexamethylenetetramineanhydro-
16
Pounds
Pounds
methylene citrate,
flydroxycitronellbl
167
Jodobeheuate of calcium
16
lodobelienate of iron basic
16
lodobehenic acid
16
Iodoform
99, 107, 118, 136.—
24, 63, 86, 105, X...
25, 63, 66, 68, 123, X.
63,68, 123
13,033
17,805
8,507
$76,244
84,126
11,114
$5.85
4.72
1.31
12,425
21 480
lonone
Jsoamyl butyrate
Q 450
Isoamyl formate-..
Isoamyl iso valerate..
63,68, 123.
Isoamyl nitrite
162.
Isobutyl acetate
63,68,123,172
172...
181
335
1.85
210
Isobutvl alcohol
Isobutyl butyrate
&3, 123
Isobutvl formate
63, 123
Isobutyl propionate
63
Isobutyraldehyde
63
Isobutyric acid.
123
Isoeupenol
24, 61, 63, 86, 176...
118...
2,644
9.952
3.76
Isomenthol...
Isopropanol (isopropyl alcohol)
29, 127, 172, X, X-.
Isopropvl acetate
63, 68, 172
43
Isovaleric acid
123, X. .
Jasmone ketone.
63
Lactic acid
53, X
Lactic acid, edible
53
Linalvl acetate
61, 63, 86, 160, X,X.
63
917
7,233
7.89
954
Linalyl butvrate
Xinalyl formate
61, 63,160...
Linalvl propionate...
63
Linalvl valerate
63
Methvl acetate.
24, X
Methyl n-butyrate
63,123
Methyl chloride
143
Methvl eut;enol
61,63,160..
33
246
7.45
51
Methvl formate..
172
Methvl furoate
139
Methyl isoeugenol
Methvl oxalate
160
63
TVTethvl propionate..
63
Methyl sulfate
X
Methylene citric acid ,
16...
Methvlnonvlacetic aldehyde
63
Neonal (butyl ethvl barbituric acid)
1
Nerol
175. -
Nonvl alcohol
63
Nnnvl al'iehvde
63..
sec-Octvl acetate
63
Octodecvl alcohol
63
OctodecA'l aldehyde
63
Octodecvl ketone
63
Octvl alcohol ,-
160
n-Octvl alcohol fcapryl alcohol).
63
sec-Octyl alcohol
63, X
Octyl aldehyde
Octvl formate
63, 86, X
8
435
54.38
12
leo
Oxalic arid.
126,177
\
Paracetaldehvde
29
Paraformaldehyde .
81,143
Piperonone (piperinic ketone)
63
l_.
Piperonone vanillone
63
Propionaldehvde
63
180
n- Propyl acetate
63
127,172
Propyl furoate
139
Propyl oenanthate
63
n-Propvl propionate
63
Propylene chlorohvdrin
1 29
Propvlene dichloride .. ..
! 29
Propvlene plvcol
29
IPropylene oxide
' 29
148
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 32. — Production and sales of synthetic organic chemicals of non-coal-tar
origin, 1925 — Continued
Manufacturers'
identification num-
ber (according to
list on p. 221)
Sales
Production
Name of chemical
Quantity
Value
Aver-
age
price
per
pound
Quantity
Pyrogallol (pyrogallic acid)
58,99,185
Pounds
Pounds
174, 251
Pyruvic acid
27
Research chemicals
58,156.
Rhodinol
24, 61, 63, 86, 160,
167, 175, X.
63,160
4,609
74,524
16.17
5,184
Rhodiny 1 acetate
Rhodinyl butyrate
63
Rhodinyl formate
160
Succinic acid
99,111
Tannigen (tannyl acetate) (acetic acid
16
ester of tannic acid).
Terpineol .- .
24, 119, 154, X
136,176
157, 626
47, 169
.30
Terpin hydrate
Terpiny 1 acetate
24, 63, 86, 160, X,X.
63
9,505
11, 102
1.17
17, 16a
Terpinyl butyrate
s-Tetrachloroethane - - .
29,143
Tetradecyl alcohol
63
Tetradecj'l aldehyde
63
63
i:
53-
1 """"
Tetramethylthiouramsulfide
115
\
Tetramethylthiouramdisulflde
115
Triacetin
90,172
Trichloroethylene . .
29,52,143
Trieth y Itrimeth vlenetriamine
115
1
::::::::::::::::::
58.
63
Vanillic alcohol
63
Vanillin
24,67,105,111,176..
63.
294, 814
1,933,494
6.56
315,344
Vanillyl vanillate . .
61
73,76, 115, X
Zinc dimethyldithiocarbamate
115
All other synthetic organic chemicals .
162
NON-COAL-TAR SYNTHETIC OEGANIC CHEMICALS
149
Table 33. — Imports and ■production of certain synthetic organic chemicals of
non-coal-tar origin, 1924 and 1925
Name of chemical
Aeetaldehyde
Paracetaldehyde
Aldehyde ammonia
Chloral hydrate
Formaldehyde solution (not more
than 40 per cent)
Hexamethylenetetramine--
Acetic or pyroligneous acid, con-
taining by weight not more than
65 per cent acetic acid
More than 65 per cent acetic acid.
Formic acid...
Gallic acid.-
Lactic acid, containing by weight
55 per cent or more of lactic acid-
Oxalic acid
PyrogaUic acid
Butyl alcohol
Methanol
Carbon tetrachloride
Chloroform
Glycerophosphoric acid, and salts
and compounds
Ethers and esters:
Containing not more than 10
per cent alcohol —
Ethyl ether
Ethyl chloride
Amyl acetate
Amyl nitrate
Ethyl acetate
Other n. s. p. f
Containing more than 50 per
cent alcohol
Tetrachloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Urea
Thymol
Vanillin
1924
Imports
Pounds Value
132, 344
680, 870
20
1
3,826
371, 732
1, 202, 525
1, 532, 798
75, 018
3, 135, 664
11
404, 882
148
45, 280
73
13, 016
$22, 493
120,346
3,998
27, 080
143, 904
121, 431
17,523
177, 641
21
97,861
29
101
57,440
Production
Pounds
278, 967
26, 155, 175
1,288,034
550, 378
238, 587
1 6, 897, 589
14,275,057
1,301,492
253
15, 892
22
216, 585
254, 743
94,307
13, 695
109 5, 314, 928
16, 626 851, 303
1, 514, 123
39
8,438
103
7,079
9,958
12, 891
34,424
27, 222, 761
320, 242
1925
Imports
Pounds
267, 023
808, 049
2,694
3,097
20,771
362, 214
2, 059, 185
1, 487, 149
119,396
2, 569, 275
2, 142, 092
1 508, 409
7
15
49, 528
23
9,174
20, 534
15
12, 759
111,169
7,069
375, 129
77,602
146, 438
33, 039
684
Value
$41,790
124,363
1,032
3,147
16
10, 453
29, 130
232, 950
105, 155
37, 086
117,639
402, 770
231,086
2
14
54, 576
43
9,847
7,160
99
2,150
28, 148
14, 122
13, 740
3,519
15, 886
88,490
1,274
Production
Pounds
31,455,716
1, 657, 993
550,604
174, 251
1 7, 651, 125
16, 163, 104
1, 305, 868
5, 355, 050
"i,'338,"456
'26," 678," 737
315,344
> Oallons.
PART VI
INTERNATIONAL DYE TRADE
5919— 26t 11 151
Part VI
INTERNATIONAL DYE TRADE
Introduction
Germany's domination of the world's dye trade prior to the Great
War and pre-war conditions in the dye industries of Switzerland,
Great Britain, France, and the United States have been reviewed in
previous commission reports. As the war progressed German stocks.
on hand in the various dye-consuming countries became exhausted^
and certain of the belligerent powers — Great Britain, France, and
the United States — undertook the manufacture of dyes and inter-
mediates on a large scale. Italy and Japan developed smaller indus-
tries, and Switzerland expanded her dye manufacturing. Consider-
ing the dye industry a key industry, certain industrial nations have.-
enacted special tariff legislation and adopted other stimulative meas-
ures to protect and encourage dye manufacture.
As a result of the war-time stimulus to dye making and subsequent
progress in the industry, the world's capacity to produce has nearly
doubled since 1914, and severe competition has arisen in interna-
tional markets as well as in certain home markets. Plants are oper-
ating below capacity at increased costs, and it is likely that within.
the next few years competition will eliminate many of them.
Germany is now making every effort to win back dye markets
which were lost to her during the World War and to that end has
established branch plants, formed affiliations with existing plants in.
foreign countries, and consolidated certain foreign sales agencies.
She is attacking the export trade of the newer producing countries
by price cutting in their home markets as well as in the markets of
nonproducing countries. The factors which will eventually de-
termine what countries are to survive this era of competition are (1)
costs of production, (2) availability of raw materials, (3) cost and
efficiency of labor and the maintenance of technical staffs, (4) ef-
ficiency of selling organizations, (5) sufficient capital without excessive)
capitalization, and (6) ability to give prompt and efficient technical
service to consumers. In contrast to the close cooperation existing:
among dye manufacturers in the home markets of Germany and
Switzerland is the sharp competition in the new producing countries.
DEVELOPMENTS IN 1925
From an international standpoint, the principal developments in
1925 were (1) the merger of six German dye firms into a supertrust,.
(2) the consolidation of the foreign dye sales agencies of the German,
firms, (3) a continuance of the large excess capacity to produce dyes,.
(4) severe competition in world dye markets, (5) the adoption of"
special protective measures by certain dye-producing countries, (6)i
increase in the German export trade, (7) internal developments of
interest in several of the new dye-producing countries, (8) a trend!
toward lower prices in the world markets, and (9) additions in the
variety of fast dyes and of dyes made specially for the dyeing of
acetate silk.
153
154
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
WORLD CAPACITY STILL EXCEEDS CONSUMPTION
As in 1924 the dye plants of all countries operated below their
capacity in 1925.^ The world's productive capacity has been esti-
mated to exceed 600,000,000 pounds, or nearly double the pre-war
capacity. There has been, however, an increase in the world's
requirements which is probably greater than is indicated by the
increase in population, for there is a distinct trend toward an increased
per capita consumption. The competitive situation resulting from
this excess capacity has led to price reductions and to the elimination
of a few "producers. Ultimately many firms will cease to compete,
for they can not continue to operate under capacity on a profitable
scale. The subsidies, embargoes, and other protective measures
adopted by the various producing nations have enabled an appre-
ciable number to continue operations beyond what would have been
their normal life. Since dye manufacture is regarded by modern
industrial nations as a key industry, fewer producers will not mean
a return to pre-war capacity.
Table 34 shows production data for dyes from 1920 to 1925,
inclusive.
Table 34. — -Production of dyes by the chief -producing countries, 1920-1925
Country
1925
1924
1923
1922
1921
1920
Pounds
165, 000, 000
86, 343, 348
36, 000, 000
18, 000, 000
35, 000, 000
Pounds
159, 549, 096
68, 679, 000
33, 242. 704
21, 000, 000
33, 020, 499
Pounds
144, 859, 572
93, 667, 524
Pounds
192, 806, 564
64, 632, 187
21, 000. 000
18. 000, 000
17, 782, 303
10, 812, 824
Pounds
116,442,116
39, 008, 690
Pounds
103, 368, 804
United States '
88, 263, 776
45, 000, 000
Switzerland <
20, 000, 666
24, 180, 052
12, 000, 000
12, 938, 797
7, 918, 972
12,606,452
26, 000, 000
France '
15, 555, 657
Italy'
4, 458, 692
18, 631, 000
13,457,735
8,016,879
• From the monthly reports containing the one-quarter monthly German production of dyes made to the
Reparation Commission. These reports covered the period February, 1920, to December, 1924, inclusive.
1925 estimates from German Chemical Developments, 1925, Department of Commerce.
' From annual Census of Dyes and Other Synthetic Organic Chemicals, by United, States Tarifl Commis-
sion.
» Estimates for year 1920, Report on Dyes and Dyestufls subcommittee appointed by the Standing
Committee on Trusts, printed and published by His Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1921. For 1924,
prepared by Dyestufls Industry Development Committee from voluntary returns of British dye firms.
Taken from the Chemical Trade Journal and Chemical Engineer; Oct. 9, 1925, p. 417. For 1925, from the
Chemical Age, Jan. 9, 1925, p. 4.
« Production figures are calculated on the basis that the home market consumes 10 per cent of the output
of Swiss dyes; exports consequently equal 90 per cent of the production.
• L'Industrie Chimique April, 1924. Does not include output of Swiss plant at St. Fous, except for 1925
• Trade Information Bulletin No. 234, Department of Commerce.
' Trade Information Bulletin No. 217, Department of Commerce. 1924 estimate for 1 year August. 1923,
to September. 1924 from Janan Advertiser Mar. 26. 1925.
EXPORTS FROM PRODUCING COUNTRIES
TaHe 35 shows dye exports from the chief producing countries
for 1913 and 1921 to 1925. The German exports in 1925 show a
43 per cent increase by value and a 24 per cent increase by quan-
tity. By value they were 85 per cent and by quantity 32 per cent
of the 1913 figure. This decline by quantity is accounted for by the
loss of trade in the low-priced bulk colors and the relatively sniall
decline in value is due to heavy exports of high-priced types, in which
field she has encountered relatively small competition.
« See Census of Dyes, 1923, Table 20, p. 124.
INTEENATIOXAL DYE TRADE
155
The exports in 1925 of the United States show a 64 per cent in-
crease by quantity and an increase of only 18 per cent by value.
This is explained by the heavy exports of indigo and certain other
bulk colors which comprise most of the dyes exported in that coun-
try. The price levels for the bulk colors in 1925 were considerably
lower than in the previous year. The exports from Switzerland,
Italy, and Japan recorded a decline. In the case of Switzerland the
exports of indigo show a conspicuous recession, while the exports of
other dyes show a slight gain for that year.
Table 35.
-Exports of coal-tar dyes from chief producing countries, 1913 and
1921-1925
Exported from-
Pounds
Value
1921
Pounds
Value
Germanv
United States.
Great Britain-
Switzerland...
France
Italv
239, 598, 133
$51, 689, 400
48, 304, 991
5, 451, 376
19. 458, 902
1. 152, 134 :
117,725 I
862, 566
5, .549, 752
275, 716
22,458
7, 621. 600
10, 779, 612
5, 947, 131
607. 812
$15, 935, 585
6, 270, 139
5, 033, 828
11,654,516
1, 608, 308
274,128
Exported from-
1922
Pounds
Value
1923
Pounds
Value
Germany
United States.
Great Britain .
Switzerland...
France
Italy
Japan
114, 213, 300
8. 344, 187
3, 860, 416
16, 167, 655
1, 502, 431
372, 578
$79, 826, 618
3, 996, 443
2, 300. 298
13. 042, 635
1, .586, 492
254, 250
73, 974, 473
17. 924, 200
9. 247, 504
18, 282, 967
4, 650, 382
647, 712
2, 296, 327
$41,580,742
17, 125, 528
5, 565, 267
3, 635, 058
12, 253, 711
3, 749, 442
548, 481
396, 397
Exported from —
1925
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Germanv I 61,033,911
United States i 15,713,428
Great Britain 6,622,896
Switzerland I 19,015,998
France... ' 10,604, 126
Italy ' 541,009
Japan 1 1,899,495
$30,936,462 ' 75,879,025
5, 636, 244
3,052,911
12, 138, 346
7, 508, 787
276, 793
283,179
25, 799, 889
(>)
16,161,041
10, 784, 463
426, 810
1, 685, 704
$44,311,155
6, 694, 360
(')
11,979,718
7, 469, 903
295, 702
214, 418
• Board of trade returns, published Jan. 15, 1926, the Chemical Trade Journal and Chemical Engineer,
p. 73, show for "Dyestufls, coal tar," 7,931,728 pounds in 1924 and 4,438,224 pounds in 1925.
IMPORTS INTO CONSUMING COUNTRIES
The new dye-producing nations show a big drop in imports in
1925 as compared with 1913, when they were largely dependent
upon Germany and Switzerland. The United States' and Great
Britain's imports in 1925 were less than 12 per cent of the 1913
figures, while Italy was less than 30 per cent. Comparing the 1925
with the 1924 totals, however, the United States and Germany
showed a conspicuous gain in imports, while Great Britain, Japan,
France, Canada, Italy, and Austria showed a decline. Imports of
156
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEK SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
coal-tar dyes into the important consuming countries are summarized
in Table 36.
Table 36. — Imports of coal-tar dyes into chief consuming countries in 1924 and 1925
Imported into—
1924
1925
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
China.
1 83, 820, 571
3, 022, 539
7, 931, 728
2, 784, 851
16. 420, 851
6. 033, 770
17, 564, 055
786, 160
5, 394, 653
3, 502, 621
2, 314, 435
509, 483
1, 938, 725
3, 008, 426
8, 765, 864
5, 491, 659
$31, 277, 498
2, 908, 778
5, 898, 957
2, 752. 321
7. 834, 399
2, 373, 288
6, 689, 552
431, 142
5, 987, 007
2, 121. 705
1, 450, 375
United States
5, 209. 601
4, 438, 224
1.954,818
18, 460, 831
4-, 856, 955
6, 740, 449
3, 689, 177
3, 201, 519
2, 343, 047
$4, 637, 240
Great Britain
3, 123, 858
Austria " - .
949, 131
British India ^ . . . . _
8, 359, 488
Italy
1, 985, 695
Japan .
3, 401, 3.53
1, 918, 939
France -
2, 885, 144
Canada 2
1, 492, 909
Sweden
Spain 3
Switzerland . .
i, 155, 876
1, 804, 906
1, 218, 941
Czechoslovakia .
5. 012, 890
2, 175, 482
Netherlands. . . .
' Exclusive of aniline dyes.
2 Years ended March 31.
3 First six months.
INCREASE IN THE GERMAN EXPORT TRADE
In view of Germany's supremacy in the world's export trade in
dyes and the vital relation of this trade to her industrial life, the
trend of her exports year by year is of the utmost significance. The
1925 export of 75,879,025 pounds, valued at $44,311,155, represented
an increase of more than 24 per cent by quantity and nearly 43 per
cent by value over 1924.
The world dye markets may be divided into two groups, namely,
that of producing nations and that of nonproducing nations. The
increased participation of Germany in the trade of both groups is
notable, particularly in the United States, Great Britain, Italy, and
Russia — nations that are classed as producing. Japan's embargo
was effective in that it greatly reduced exports from Germany in
1925. Germany has in general since the World War steadily in-
creased her trade with the nonproducing nations, but on certain ton-
nage dyes she is now encountering competition from the United
States, Great Britain and France, as well as from her former com-
petitor, Switzerland. To meet this competition she has reorganized
her home industry and consolidated her foreign selling agencies.
Table 37 affords a comparison of Germany's export trade since
the war with its pre-war status.
Table 37. — Exports of coal-tar dyes from Germany, 1913 and 1920-1925
Year
Pounds
Value
•
1913
239, 598, 133
61,140,171
48,304,991
115,974.900
73,974,473
61, 033, 911
75,879,025
$51,666,168
1920..
53, 002, 407
1921 1.
15,935,585
1922..
80,781,892
1923
41,580,742
1924
30, 933, 368
1925
44,311,155
» May to December.
inteenational. dye tbadb 157
The Dye Industry of Germany *
developments in 1925
The year 1925 was marked by an organized effort on the part of
the German dye industry to regain the country's former prestige in
the world's dye markets. The instrumentalities through which it is
planned to wrest back from the new producing countries export trade
lost during the World War are (1) a merger of six large concerns,
with the object of reducing manufacturing costs, and (2) the con-
solidation of foreign sales agencies — a further change in the inter-
ests of economy.
NEW MERGER OF DYE FIRMS
After months of negotiations one of the greatest consolidations in
the history of German finance was effected in 1925. This amalga-
mation,^ the third of its kind in the industrial development of the
country, had for its object the recovery of export markets, lost to
the new dye-producing countries, particularly the United States,
Great Britain, France, Japan, and Italy. The markets before the
war were dominated by German dyes. The excess capacity to pro-
duce, the high interest rates and taxes, reduction in profits, and
costly duplication of effort were other factors which favored the
German consolidation. The primary purpose of the new fusion was
to reduce production costs, through the elimination of duplication
in manufacture and research work and to permit a more favorable
buying of raw materials and more advantageous selling of finished
products. It is expected that the interests involved will be greatly
strengthened and in a more favorable position to meet foreign
competition.
This merger is known as the Interessen Gemeinschaft Teerfarben
Industrie A. G. It was approved at the stockholders' meeting at
Frankfort-on-Main November 28, and is retroactive to January 1,
1925. It affects the following six firms:
Actien-Gesellschaft fiir Anilin-Fabrikation, Berlin.
Badische Anilin-und-Soda-Fabrik, Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine.
Farbenwerke, vormals Meister Lucius & Briming, Hochst-on-the-
Main.
Farbenfabriken, vormals Friedr. Bayer & Co., Leverkusen-on-
the-Rhine.
Chemische Fabrik Griesheim-Electron, Offenbach-on-the-Main.
Chemische Fabriken, vormals Weiler ter Meer, Uerdingen-on-the
Rhine.
The Kalle and Cassella firms are not included in the consolida-
tion, but it is reported that they will eventually be taken in. The
stock of the former is, however, held by the Hochst Co., and the
latter is controlled by the I. G.
The new corporation is capitalized as follows: Common stock,
641,600,000 gold marks; preferred stock, 4,400,000 gold marks.
This is said to be the heaviest capitalization of any industrial enter-
prise in Germany. The common stock capital of all firms was
' See also Census of Dyes, 1922, pp. 151-157; Census of Dyes, 1923, pp. 126-133, 156-167; and Census of
Dyes, 1924, pp. 145-147.
3 Commerce reports, Jan. 11, 1925, pp. 89-91; Daugherty, W. T., trade commissioner, "Developments
in the German chemical industry during 1925."
158 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
acquired by the Badische, which becomes the Interessen Gemein-
schaft Teerfarben Industrie, A. G., with headquarters at Frankfort-
on-Main. The principal executives are Dr. Carl Bosch, former
head of the Badische, and Geheimrat Duisberg, former head of the
Bayer Co.
It is expected that one of the ultimate consequences of centralized
control will be a reallocation of production. The report is that the
Badische will specialize on the manufacture of (1) fixed nitrogen,
the output of which has been expanded to 400,000 tons per year,
since the introduction of the Haber Bosch process at Oppau; (2)
synthetic organic chemicals such as methanol, butanol, etc.; (3)
certain heavy chemicals. The Farbenwerke, vormals Meister
Lucius and Brlining, at Hochst, will probably produce dyes exclu-
sively; the Bayer Co., pharmaceuticals; Agfa of Berlin, photo-
chemicals with a joint interest in the new artificial silk plant (acetate
silk) at Berlin-Lichterfelde ; the Griesheim plant, electro-chemical
products, including industrial gases, in association with the Vereinigte
Sauerstoff Werk of Berlin.
AMALGAMATION OF FOREIGN SALES AGENCIES
An important step in the interest of economy on the part of the
German industry has been the amalgamation of the various branch
offices into a single agency in each of the following countries: Great
Britain, Belgium, Holland, Russia, Japan, Mexico, Canada, Czecho-
slovakia, the United States, and Switzerland.
In the United States. — The merger of the sales agencies of the
I. G. into one concern — the General Dyestuff Corporation — which
also handles the products of the plants of the Grasselli Dyestuff
Corporation and the Consolidated Color and Chemical Co., will
influence to a marked degree the competitive situation in the mar-
kets of the United States.
In Canada.* — The Consolidated Dyestuff Corporation (Ltd.)
has been incorporated with an authorized capitalization of $1,000,000
for the purpose of merging the business of six^ firms in Canada
holding the exclusive representation of eight ^ German manufac-
tures.
The officers of the Consolidated Dyestuff Corporation (Ltd.) are:
President, Alfred Pollack, who has been engaged in the dyestuff
business in Canada for 35 years and is at present the head of the firm
of Pollack Bros. & Co. (Ltd.), agents for Farbwerke vormals Meister
Lucius and Briining, Hochst a/Main; vice president, John Irwin,
formerly assistant manager of Brandram-Henderson (Ltd.) and now
president of McArthur, Irwin (Ltd.), paint manufacturers and im-
porters of and dealers in dyestuff s and chemicals; secretary-treasurer,
Gustav Stoecker, who has been a director of Rubinovich and Haskell,
importers and exporters; Otto Palm, a director and manager of the
* Department of Commerce, World Trade Notes on Coal-Tar Products, No. 76-B.
''Canada Colors and Chemicals (Ltd.), Toronto, Ontario; Grasselli DyestulT Corporation (Ltd.),
Toronto, Ontario; *KuttrolI, Pickhardt & Co., Montreal; *McArthur, Irwin (Ltd.), Montreal; Pollack
Bros. & Co. (Ltd.), Montreal; 'Rubinovich and Haskell (Ltd.), Montreal. '(Dyestuff department
only.)
0 Aktien-Gesellschaft fiir Anilin-Fabrikation, Berlin, Germany; Badische Anilin und Sodafabrik,
Ludwigshafen a/Rhein; Farbcnfabriken, vorm. Friedrich Bayer & Co., Leverkusen; Leopold Cassella
Co., G. m. b. H., Frankfort, a/Main; Chemische Fabrik Griesheim-Elektron, Frankfort a/Main; Kalle &
Co., Bierbrich a/Rhein; Farbwerke, vorm. Meister Lucius & Briining, Hochst a/Main; Chemische
Fabriken, vorm. Weiler-ter-Meer, Uerdinger a/Rhine.
INTERNATIONAL DYE TRADE 159
Toronto office, formerly manager of the Grasselli Dyes tuff Cor-
poration (Ltd.); Maj. R. R. Carr-Harris, a member of the Toronto
advisory committee and general manager of Canada Colors and
Chemicals (Ltd.)-
The agreement between the German manufacturers and their North
American representatives, now merged into the Consolidated Dye-
stuff Corporation (Ltd.), conveys to the latter the sole right of im-
portation into Canada and Newfoundland of dyestuffs, intermediates,
and auxiliary products of these German concerns.
The reasons given for the merger are: (1) It is a logical'sequence of
the combination of the eight German manufacturers mentioned
above; (2) it minimizes German competition; (3) it decreases over-
head expenses; and (4) it makes possible the creation of a very
efficient service to dyestuffs users.
A complete stock of dyes will be carried in Montreal, where the
head office of the organization will be located in the Road Building,
A branch office has been established at 40 Colborne Street, Toronto.
The laboratory will contain the latest scientific dyestuff testing
apparatus. Its several divisions will specialize in textile, paper,
leather, and lakes.
In other countries. — The Teerfarben A. G. of Zurich, with capital
stock of 500,000 Swiss francs, has taken over the representation of
the I. G. in Switzerland.
In Holland the I. G. interests are consolidated in the Defa Maat-
schappy voor Verfstoffen Handel at Arnheim.
In Italy the I. G. has acquired interests in dye production and is
well entrenched.
In Russia a sales contract has been made between the I. G. of the
Russgertog for the delivery of 2,000,000 kilos of dyes to the Soviets
and for the maintenance of stocks in warehouses and for the train-
ing of native chemists. Although the terms of this agreement were
not completed, it is reported that a commercial pact was made in
1925 between Germany and Russia which will result in increased
trade with Russia. German dye exports to Russia in 1913 were
4,102,760 pounds, valued at $1,929,420.
The different sales offices of the members of the German Dye
Cartel, in Prague, Bruenn, and Reichenback, the principal textile
centers, are said to have been reorganized and centralized. There
are now three large sales offices handling the products of the German
I. G. for the Czechoslovakian market.
In Great Britain the I. G. has organized a limited company with
headquarters at Manchester. This is considered an important
preliminary in the plans of the I. G. to regain a share of their British
trade lost during the war.
In Australia the German dye trust is reported to have purchased
a site for a factory at Sunshine, near Melbourne," and to have installed
£26,000 worth of machinery.
German dye manufacturers,^ heretofore represented by individual
agencies in Mexico, have consolidated their dye-sales outlet in a new
company, known as the Cia. General de Anilinas, with offices in
Mexico City. The sales of industrial chemicals manufactured by
the members of the German dye cartel has been taken over by the
' Department of Commerce, World Trade Notes on Coal-Tar Products, No. 79-B.
• Department of Commerce Reports, June 14, 1926.
5919— 26t 12
160 CEISTBUS OE DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Fabricas Unidas, up to this time the representative of the Agfa Co.
Wescott y Cia., the former representative of Bayer, will handle all
pharmaceutical preparations produced by companies in the cartel.
INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS IN 1925
Little progress was made in 1925 toward concluding international
agreements. Efforts to arrange terms between the I. G. and Japanese
producers proved unsuccessful, and the proposed pact between the
British Dyestuffs Corporation and the I. G. was vetoed in the last
act of the MacDonald government. The veto privilege has been
relinquished by the British Government, but in view of the opposi-
tion of the smaller dye producers it is doubtful whether any effort
will again be made to effect an agreement. Foreign sales agreements
are possible in certain markets.
The conclusion of trade agreements, including the adoption of a
sales policy and the forming of affiliations, between German and cer-
tain foreign manufacturing groups is of the utmost importance to
the German industry. The Swiss industry has been eminently suc-
cessful in establishing branch plants in the United States, Great
Britain, France, Italy, and other countries. The forming of such
affiliations and the establishment of branch plants are a natural con-
sequence of the protective measures adopted by the new dye produc-
ing nations. Recent reports indicate that the I. G. has been endeav-
oring to arrange an agreement with the French dye producers, par-
ticularly in regard to sales.
EXTENSION OF THE I. G. INTERESTS
During the last 10 years members of the I. G. have done extensive
work on new chemicals in order to develop new markets, which will
compensate for their lost export trade in dyes. In addition to syn-
thetic nitrogen and acetate silk they are having conspicuous success
in the development of synthetic processes for making acetic acid,
methanol, butanol, and solvents, and motor fuels.
The manufacture of synthetic liquid fuels alone promises to be a
large industry in itself. Work on this group has proceeded in four
directions: (1) The manufacture of "motalin," an antiknock motor
fuel, the basic constituent of which is motyl, a concentrated solution
of iron carbonyl in benzene. (2) The manufacture of synthetic meth-
anol, by the catalytic hydrogenation of carbon monoxide on a scale
large enough to indicate that it is intended for use as a liquid fuel,
either alone or in a mixture. (3) The manufacture of "synthol," a
liquid mixture of alcohols and hydrocarbons made by a process for
the catalytic reduction of carbon monoxide. This product is said to
possess little or no advantage over methanol for a motor fuel. If
this be true, the synthol process will be largely used as a source of
butyl alcohol for nitrocellulose lacquers. (4) The hydrogenation of
coal and heavy oils by the Bergius method. The granting of a num-
ber of patents on the hydrogenation process to the I. G. in 1925 indi-
cates-a close agreement between the original interests and the I. G.
Development of one or more of these lines on a large commercial
scale, particularly of methanol, is regarded as highly probable.
INTERNATIONAL DYE TRADE
161
The I. G. has acquired an interest in Aceta Seide G. m. b. h., of
BerHn, which is erecting a plant in Berlin Lichterfelde to produce
acetate silk. The Agfa Berlin plant of the I. G. has been producing
artificial silk by the viscose process at its central German plant at
Wulfen bei Bitterfeld.
When the Hugo Stinnes-Eiebeck Montan and Oilwerke controlling
important lignite deposits in central Germany collapsed in August,
1925, the Bayer Co. took over about two-thirds of its interests. This
purchase insures an extended reserve of brown coal for the ''Leuna-
werke" nitrogen fixation plant. The Badische has acquired an inter-
est in the Erdoel and Kohle Verevertunge and a minor interest in
the Bergen process of hydrogenating coal.
DIVIDENDS OF THE I. G. IN 1925
At a general meeting of the stockholders of the I. G. in May, 1926,
the board of directors recommended a dividend of 10 per cent on the
common stock of 641,600,000 marks for the year 1925, as against 8
per cent in 1924. They also approved a, 3}/2 per cent dividend on
the preferred nontransferrable voting stock amounting to 4,400,000
marks.
Table 38 is a summary of the balance sheets of the I. G. for 1924
and 1925.
Table 38. — Summary of balance sheets of I. G. Farbenindustrie ^
[In millions of gold marks]
I. Q. Farbenindustrie
Gross
Costs
Dedxic-
tions
Net
profits
1924:
Badische Aniline -. - -
39.08
33.39
34.57
15.93
4.81
16.27
8.58
8.21
9.19
7.29
3.04
7.74
15.61
10.19
10.67
3.55
.16
4.60
14.88
Bayer -. . ..
14.98
Hoechster -
A. G. f. Aniline
Weiler ter Meer ..
14.701
5.07
1.15
Griesheim-EIektron---
3.91
Total 1924
144. 05
44.05
44.78
54.69
Total 1925
168. 56
45.19
55.77
67 59
• Department of Commerce Reports, June 21, 1926.
According to the 1925 statement of the I. G. there are 40 regular
and 43 acting members of administrative boards, or a total of 83.
The I. G., as formerly constituted, had only 32 regular and 37 acting
administrators, or a total of 69.
162 census of dyes and other synthetic chemicals
German Export and Import Trade
The following tables show in detail the export and import trade of
Germany in coal-tar dyes for 1924 and 1925.
Table 39.— Germany: Exports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 '
Class and country
Pounds
Value
Class and country
Pounds
Value
Aniline and other coal-tar
dyes:
40, 344
54, 895
295, 857
408, 071
5,952
138, 890
815,041
1, 099, 434
25, 794
1,107,591
331, 131
1, 768, 751
437, 834
5, 888, 266
942, 246
525, 356
13, 007
36,817
241, 404
1, 001, 329
3,117,966
134, 040
441, 581
46, 958
301, 148
1, 027, 344
1, 607, 815
203, 925
214, 948
232, 806
20, 062
4, 324, 764
55, 997
15, 136, 784
3, 389, 131
431, 220
67, 240
345, 902
62, 170
478, 839
243, 388
153, 220
53, 351
14, 771
39, 903
413, 362
100, 530
38, 580
27. 557
533, 954
20, 503
25, 794
81, 350
$25, 249
42, 638
158, 879
288, 222
17, 389
67, 649
587, 401
1, 084, 286
21,676
618, 129
226, 052
1, 256, 505
284, 173
3, 984, 133
634, 803
508, 557
9,766
25, 964
110,525
625, 990
2,611,387
104, 093
486, 643
38, 350
265, 831
816, 073
888, 248
174, 600
126, 961
98, 853
21,914
1,863,915
22, 867
3, 024, 902
1, 879, 160
272, 024
36, 683
213, 904
55, 024
517, 370
161,500
140, 776
32, 633
13, 577
32, 872
202, 946
92, 898
29, 537
18, 818
534, 759
15, 245
18, 341
56, 692
Alizarin dyes, variegated,
from anthracene:
Denmark.-
Great Britain
11,684
63, 713
91,491
44, 312
12, 566
78, 925
12, 346
175, 266
41, 887
14, 550
79, 145
8,598
51, 588
34, 171
11,464
504, 633
10, 141
157, 188
12, 787
4,630
118,828
29, 983
$16, 198
36, 206
Italy
105, 523
Netherlands.
35, 730
Norway
18, 341
Austria
107, 666
Jugoslavia
14, 292
Italy
Czechoslovakia
Hungary
306, 087
51, 928
East Poland
26, 202
Russia
143, 396
Finland
26,202
Sweden
84, 799
Switzerland ....
49, 069
Spain
40, 256
British India.
144, 826
Upper Silesia
Japan
21, 438
West Poland
Dutch Indies
69,554
Portugal
Brazil
25, 487
Rumania
Canada
4,526
Russia
United States
131,248
Esthonia
Other countries.
Total
27, 870
Lithuania
1, 569, 896
1, 486, 844
Indigo, natural and arti-
ficial:
Bulgaria
Sweden..
12, 786
102, 955
307, 762
26, 896
547, 182
293, 212
37, 037
23, 369
27, 337
44, 312
43, 210
34, 833
92, 373
12, 125
46, 958
169,093
200, 130
6, 536, 639
341, 272
290, 346
76,500
4,189
107, 805
Switzerland.. .
Spain .
12, 148
Turkey
Netherlands
29, 060
Egypt..
Austria
111,001
British South Africa...
Jugoslavia
25,964
British India
Czechoslovakia.
Hungary
173, 410
Malacca
80, 273
China
East Poland
21, 676
Japan...
Upper Silesia
12, 386
Dutch East Indies
Portugal
9,052
Siam .
Rumania .
34, 301
Argentina
Russia.. ..
45, 973
Bohvia
Sweden .
19, 294
Brazil
Switzerland. ..
29, 060
Canada
Spain . .
14, 292
Chile--..
Turkey
42, 400
Colombia
Egypt..
107, 905
Cuba....
British India..
169, 598
Ecuador
China
1, 822, 945
Mexico
Japan
382, 549
Peru--
Dutch Indies
179, 126
Uruguay
Persia
65, 029
Venezuela
Canada . .
1, 667
United States
Other countries...
Total
66, 220
Union of Australia
New Zealand.
9, 384, 321
3, 455, 329
other countries
Indigo carmine, color lakes
and new blues from in-
digo carmine:
Jugoslavia .
9,921
21,164
29, 542
50, 044
20, 282
19, 401
Total
48, 564, 913
25, 447, 382
Alizarin (alizarin red):
46, 076
18, 519
24, 471
43, 431
151, 236
957, 017
77, 381
46, 296
11,672
20, 009
26, 440
47, 878
27, 154
205, 805
26, 917
35, 968
13, 339
Netherlands.. .
Czechoslovakia
Turkey
25, 249
Austria
22, 867
Czechoslovakia .
Egypt ...
48,116
Russia
18, 103
Switzerland
Other countries
Total
17, 390
Dutch East Indies...
150, 354
145, 064
other countries
61,033,911
30, 936, 462
Total..
1, 364, 427
401, 843
I From foreign trade of Germany in the years 1923 and 1924 compared with 1913 and 1922.
verted on basis of 1,000 reichsmarks ($238.20).
Values con-
INTERNATIONAL DYE TRADE 163
Table 40. — Germany: Exports of coal-tar dyes, 1925 ^
Class and country
Pounds
Value
Class and country
Pounds
Value
Aniline and other coal-tar
dyes:
397. 710
552, 693
319, 226
93, 475
261. 906
259. 702
1, 282, 857
1, 293, 659
424, 826
147, 929
54, 233
2, 056, 451
269, 843
1, 178, 359
691, 803
354, 500
705. 031
3, 902, 803
920, 200
1, 353, 845
800. 931
4, 373, 926
572, 094
172, 400
4, 963, 877
74, 956
2, 751, 782
1, 617, 735
1, 274, 038
237, 876
227, 956
320. 328
49, 604
614, 863
471, 343
110, 891
203, 705
31, 526
747, 139
123, 678
39, 462
1, 502. 876
36, 376
441, 584
Alizarin color, variegated,
from anthracene;
Great Britain
69, 048
63, 792
239, 860
29, 321
17,637
141, 976
88, 404
85, 318
59, 745
192, 241
16, 094
911,823
74, 515
313, 715
20,723
33,510
644, 405
138, 890
1 Italy
Denmark
j Netherlands
Esthonia
I Austria .
Finland
East Poland
Greece .
Russia.. i
Sweden
Italy
Switzerland
Jugoslavia
Spain
Latvia
Czechoslovakia
Hungary
Lithuania .
Netherlands -
British India
Japan.
Dutch Indies
East Poland
Brazil
Portugal.
Canada
Rumania
United States
Russia
Other countries
Total
Switzerland
3, 161, 617
.$3, 579, 670
Indigo, natural and arti-
ficial:
Netherlands
Czechoslovakia
621, 918
163, 140
158, 290
127, 426
56, 658
318,344
280, 206
351, 634
554, 677
26, 396, 999
1, 073, 640
825, 843
131, 174
39, 242
92, 152
116, 182
589, 511
Hungary
Egypt --.
British India
Austria
Malacca
Russia
China. .
Switzerland -
Japan
Spain .
Dutch Indies
Czechoslovakia
Hungary
Siam
Turkey
Egypt
Argentina
British India
China ..
Brazil
Japan
Canada _.
Dutch Indies
Chile
Persia
Colombia ....
Turkey
Ecuador
Other Asiatic countries-
United States.
Mexico..
Peru
Other countries
Total
United States . .
1
31, 897, 035
9, 515, 61*
Indigo carmine, color lakes
and new blues from in-
digo and indigo carmine:
Czechoslovakia
China.
Other Countries
51,588
504, 853
326, 060
Total
38, 281, 997
98. 766
29, 983
751. 328
369. 270
406, 528
$30, 099, 190
Alizarin (alizarin red):
Netherlands
Russia
Other countries.
Total
882, 601
519, 752
Other countries
75, 879, 025
44,311,155.
Total
1, 655, 875
596, 929
• From German foreign trade, official monthly reports; issue of December, 1925.
basis 1,000 reichsmarks ($238.20).
Values converted cm
164 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 41. — Germany: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 ^
Class and country
Pounds
Value
Aniline and other coal-tar dyes not elsewhere mentioned, sulphur dyes:
85, 759
47, 178
317, 462
44,313
30, 203
116, 844
7,275
79, 145
$46, 211
Italy - -
25, 487
170, 789
23, 82C
16, 198
62, 885
3,811
44,067
Total
728, 179
393, 268
17, 857
9.290
Indigo, natural and synthetic:
20, 944
11,464
16, 198
9,051
32, 408
25, 249
Indigo carmine, color lakes, and new blues from indigo and indigo carmine
7,716
3,335
786, 160
431. 142
1 From foreign trade of Germany in the years 1923 and 1924 compared with 1913 and 1922. Values con-
verted on basis of 1,000 reichsmarks ($238.20).
Table 42. — Germany: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1925 '
Class and country
Pounds
Value
Aniline and other coal-tar dyes not elsewhere mentioned, sulphur dyes:
Netherlands
Austria ..- -
Switzerland..
Czechoslovakia..
British India
Other - -
545, 859
214, 287
934, 530
624, 122
80, 688
1, 075, 184
Total.
3, 474, 670
$1, 783, 403
Alizarin colors, variegated from anthracene ---
Indigo, natural and synthetic --- -.
Indigo carmine, color lakes, and new blues, from indigo and indigo carmine.
82, 452
127, 646
4,409
40, 256
93, 374
1,906
Grand total.
3, 689, 177
1,918,939
> From German foreign trade, oflScial monthly report; issue of December, 1925. Values converted on
basis 1,000 reichsmarks ($238.20).
Reparation Dyes
Under the terms of the treaty of Versailles provision was made for
deliveries in kind by Germany. A detailed account of the agree-
ments and of the deliveries of dyes and pharmaceuticals to the
allied and associated powers under these agreements is given in the
Census of Dyes and Other Synthetic Organic Chemicals, 1923,
pages 156 to 167. The one-quarter production of the German dye
plants reserved for purchase of the allied and associated Govern-
ments, 1920 to 1924, was published in the Dye Census of 1924,
page 146.
Germany's receipts and her payments of the first annuity under
the Dawes plan for the year ended September 1, 1925, and the
cumulative total for the second year up to May 31, 1926, follow:
INTEENATIONAL DYE TEADE 165
PAYMENTS IN KIND
In the first year deliveries of dyestuffs and pharmaceutical products
amounted to 26.2 million marks, distributed as follows: Italy, 9.0;
France, 5.2; England, 4.5; and Belgium, 3.7. France received
chemical fertilizers valued at 19.7 million marks, and Belgium ob-
tained similar material to the value of 0.3 million marks.
In the first nine months of the second year (September 1, 1925, to
May 31, 1926) deliveries of dyestuft's and pharmaceutical products
declined to 7.9 million marks, of which Belgium obtained 3.7, Italy
2.7, France 1.4, and the Serb-Croat-Slovene State, 0.09. Chemical
fertilizers and nitrogenous products delivered during this period,
valued at 42.6 million marks, were charged to France (39.7) and
Belgium (2.9). France obtained an additional 1.7 million marks
worth of coal by-products; Belgium 2.0.
RECEIPTS AND PAYMENTS OF GERMANY UNDER THE DAWES PLAN
The first year, September 1, 1924, to August 31, 1925
[From Frankfurter Zeitung, Sept. 17, 1925]
A. Receipts: Million marks
1. Cash from proceeds of German foreign loan of 1924 800. 0
2. Cash received from the German Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft,
interest on the reparation bonds for half j^ear to Feb.
28, 1925 200. 0
3. Interest received .3
4. Differences in exchange .2
Total receipts 1, 000. 5
B. Payments:
1. To or on account of —
Great Britain 189. 9
France 396. 6
Italy 60. 4
Belgium 93. 5
Japan 3. 8
Yugoslavia 30. 1
Portugal 4. 7
Rumania 7. 4
Greece 2. 6
Poland . 04
Total payments to powers 789. 04
2. For expenses for —
Reparation Commission 5. 5
Rhineland Commission 9. 4
Military Control Commission 7. 8
Xaval Control Commission .07
3. European Danube Commission .2
4. For the service of the German foreign loan of 1924 77. 5
5. On account of the administrative expenses of the Bureau for
Reparation Payments 3. 7
6. Discount on payment of the German Reichsbahn-Gesell-
schaft, made before maturity . 2
Total payments 893. 4
166
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
The second year, cumulative total to May 31, 1926
[On cash basis, reduced to gold mark equivalents]
A. Receipts: Gold marks
1. Budgetary contribution 190, 000, 000
2. Transport tax 1 168,925,066
3. Interest on railway reparation bonds 400,000,000
4. Interest on industrial debentures 62, 500, 000
5. Interest received 1,869,916
Total receipts 823, 294, 982
B. Payments:
1. Payments to or for the account of —
France 403, 462, 161
British Empire 166, 589, 521
Belgium 84, 443, 242
Italy 50, 057, 086
Serb-Croat-Slovene State 27, 881, 037
Rumania 6, 405, 404
Portugal 4, 676, 795
Greece 2,297, 208
Japan 370, 781
Poland 91, 955
Total payments to powers 746, 275, 190
2. Other payments 94,193,881
Total payments 840, 469, 071
The Dye Industry of Great Britain
production — 1924
The board of trade has received from the Dyes tuffs Industry
Development Committee a statement showing the quantities of the
main classes of dyestuffs produced in the United Kingdom during
the year 1924. The statement was prepared from returns furnished
voluntarily by the principal British dye makers, and although not
complete, is fairly comprehensive as the few firms that did not
make returns produced only relatively negligible quantities of dyes.
The figures for all classes represent market types.
Table 43. — Production of coal-tar dyes in Great Britain, 1924 ^
Category
Pounds
Direct cotton colors 2,017,314
" " ■ " 1, 234, 398
Blacks
Acid wool colors
Chrome and mordant colors (including
alizarin)
Basic colors
Sulphur colors _
Vat colors (including indigo)
Dyestuffs for lake making
Ofl, spirit and wax, and miscellaneous
colors
Total.
1, 060, 222
U,809
6, 608, 022
67, 678
506, 511
11, 505, 954
Blues
Pounds
934, 357
1,043,242
648, 129
290, 422
200, 510
4, 632, 752
127
256, 478
8, 006, 017
Browns
Pounds
4)2,621
92, 690
909, 849
135, 152
679, 069
8,915
61,321
2,299,617
Greens
Pounds
134, 890
339, 051
113, 667
111,109
143,415
2,253
52, 702
710
897, 797
Oranges
Pounds
178, 135
519, 725
550, 946
125, 100
8,378
32, 051
21, 349
1,435,684
1 The Chemical Trade Journal and Chemical Engineer, p. 417, Oct. 9, 1925.
INTERNATIONAL. DYE TRADE 167
Table 43. — Production of coal-tar dyes in Great Britain, 19^4 — Continued
Category
Direct cotton colors -
Acid wool colors
Chrome and mordant colors (including alizarin) .
Basic colors...
Sulphur colors _
Vat colors (including indigo)
Dyestufls for lake making
Oil, spirit and wax, and miscellaneous colors
Reds and
scarlets
Pounds
595, 561
860. 705
3,237,713
337, 469
105, 778
69, 956
697, 124
21, 633
Total - - - 5,925,939
Violets
Pounds
46,447
195,425
14, 102
352, 844
108, 646
""4,' 208'
721, 672
Yellows
Pounds
739, 759
907, 238
405, 635
197, 495
87, 737
81, 462
4,513
26, 185
2, 450, 024
Total
Pounds
5, 059, 084
6, 192, 474
6, 940, 263
1,561,400
7, 832, 909
5, 003, 713
754, 466
898, 395
33, 242, 704
REORGANIZATION OF BRITISH DYESTUFFS CORPORATION
At a meeting held in Manchester on November 25, 1925, a scheme
for the reconstruction of the British Dyestuffs Corporation,^ sub-
mitted by its directors, was approved. The new articles of associa-
tion adopted provide for a reduction in capital, a writing down of
the assets, and a surrender of the shares owned by His Majesty's
Government in exchange for cash, a virtual withdrawal of the Gov-
ernment from the affairs of the corporation, with the restriction
that not more than 25 per cent of the voting power of the corporation
should be foreign or foreign controlled and that it keep in touch
with the Government in all technical matters and research work in
order that the Government might be fully informed for reasons of
national defense. The following excerpt from the notice issued to
shareholders shows the scheme of reconstruction:
In considering a scheme of reconstruction the board recognized that it must
inckide not only a suV^stantial writing down of the assets, but what was in their
opinion of even greater importance, some arrangement with His Majesty's
Government which would free the company from the powers of veto and control
which the Government now has the right to exercise by means of its nominees
on the board.
History. — It is perhaps desirable to state briefly the circumstances under which
the Government became so intimately associated with the company. Imme-
diately following the outbreak of the war, and when the color-using trades
were cut off from their principal sources of supply, their representatives, in col-
laboration with the Government, took steps to secure the establishment of an
efficient dye-making industry in this country, and as a result of their efforts
British Dyes (Ltd.) was formed. Its share capital was wholly owned by color-
using interests and the Government gave it financial assistance by agreeing to
advance, by way of loan, certain sums in proportion to the amount of share
capital raised.
At that time Messrs. Levinstein (Ltd.) were also engaged in the manufacture
of dyestuffs, and it was upon the efforts of these two undertakings that the
color-using industries were very largely dependent for their supplies. In 1918
it was suggested both b}^ the Government and by the principal color users that
the rate of progress which was being made to render this country independent
of foreign sources of supply of synthetic dyestuffs was not satisfactory, and it
was determined that this object could better be secured by effecting a fusion
of interests of British Dyes (Ltd.) and Levinstein (Ltd.). British Dyestuffs
Corporation (Ltd.) was accordingly formed for that purpose and the majority
of the shareholders of the two companies exchanged their holdings for shares
in this corporation.
• A dividend of 2J^ per cent was declared for the year ended Mar. 31, 1926.
168 CENSUS OP DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
As stated in the prospectus, the company was formed by arrangement with
the Board of Trade to concentrate, extend, and expedite the manufacture of
dyestuffs in this country, and following the exchange of shares already referred
to subscriptions were invited for £5,000,000 new capital which was required
to discharge the existing obligations of the amalgamating companies and to
provide for future developments. Much the larger part of this sum was sub-
scribed by investors not interested in the business as color users, and thus the
entire character of the undertaking was altered from that which was contem-
plated when British Dyes (Ltd.) was formed. Apart from this public subscrip-
tion the Government subscribed £1,700,000 (£850,000 in preference shares and
£850,000 in preferred ordinary shares) in substitution for the loans which it
had previously undertaken to advance to British Dyes (Ltd.). In view of
affording this considerable financial support the Government stipulated that the
following conditions should be inserted in the articles of association :
GOVERNMENT CONDITIONS
(a) The allotment to Government nominees of a special share carrying
special voting rights, for the purpose of preventing any alteration in the com-
pany's articles of association.
(b) Restrictions on the allotment and transfer of shares to foreigners or per-
sons under foreign control, and provisions under which it was necessary to
secure the consent of the Board of Trade to any allotment or transfer of shares
to such persons.
(c) The nomination of two directors by the Government and the exercise by
those directors of certain powers of veto and control over the company's affairs.
These terms were accepted by the company and incorporated in the pros-
pectus and articles of association, but the conditions under which the company
carries on its operations are very different to those that were contemplated
when this arrangement was made, and experience has proved that the restric-
tions imposed seriously militate against the successful conduct of the com-
pany's affairs. With a view to removing this disability the board entered into
negotiations with the Government which were completed on the 3d instant,
when the Government intimated that it would be willing —
(a) To terminate its existing rights of veto and control, (b) to forego its right
to nominate two directors, (c) to consent to the surrender of its 850,001 preference
shares and 850,000 preferred ordinary shares, subject to the following terms:
TERMS FOR SURRENDER OF GOVERNMENT SHARES
(a) The payment of £600,000.
(b) That no alteration be made in article 38 (1) of the articles of association
which provides that not more than 25 per cent of the company's shares may
be held by foreigners.
(c) That the company should give an assurance that in all matters of technical
information and research it will keep in touch with the Government in such
manner as the president of the Board of Trade for the time being may direct.
The board have advised the Government that they will recommend the share-
holders to accept this offer as part of a scheme of reconstruction, and you will
accordingly be asked to approve this arrangement and to sanction the conse-
quential changes in the articles of association.
Having made this arrangement, the board were in a position to proceed with
the preparation of a plan of reorganization to provide for the adjustment of the
capital of the company.
SCHEME OF RECONSTRUCTION
The book value of land, buildings, plant, and machinery on March 31, 1925,
was £2,958,498, and it is proposed to write off £1,198,260, leaving £1,760,238
as the amended value.
FIXED ASSETS
It will be remembered that the works were erected and equipped when costs
of construction were abnormal and when it was anticipated that the output of
dyestuffs would reach a much higher level than has actually been attained. A
substantial reducton is therefore required to bring these assets to a figure more
in accordance with their present-day utility value.
INTERNATIONAL DYE TEADE
169
The board in deciding the amount necessary for this purpose have had the
advantage not only of the knowledge and the experience of the company's own
staff of experts but of a report from Messrs. F. S. Airey, Entwistle & Co., valuers,
Norfolk Street, Manchester.
STOCKS
Stocks stood in the books at £1,320,324, and although provision has been
made from time to time to adjust their value it is proposed that a further sum of
£280,982 should be set aside, reducing the value to £1,039,342.
NONTANGIBLE ASSETS
It is also proposed to write off entirely the preliminary expenses, £251,552;
good will, patents, and trade-marks, £750,000; and the adverse balance on
profit and loss account, £360,602.
INVESTMENTS AND CASH
The remaining items on the assets side of the balance sheet consist of sundry
debtors, investments, and cash, amounting to £3,894,207. These require no
writing off, but £600,000 will be utilized to cancel the 850,001 preference shares
and the 850,000 preferred ordinary shares owned by the Government, and
£980,136 to make a cash payment to the preference shareholders, as subsequently
explained, making a total cash distribution of £1,580,136.
To provide for these cash payments and for the amounts to be written off,
which together total £4,421,532, it is necessary to reduce the issued share cap-
ital from £9,197,112 to £4,775,580, which it is suggested be effected as follows:
EEDUCTIONS IN CAPITAL
(1) The cancellation of 850,001 preference shares and 850,000 preferred ordi-
nary shares owned by the Government.
(2) The reduction of the remaining issued preference shares by 6s. per share.
(3) The reduction of the remaining issued preferred ordinary shares by one-
third.
(4) The reduction of the issued deferred ordinary shares by two-thirds.
(5) The consolidation of the several classes of issued shares, viz, preference,
preferred ordinary, and deferred ordinary, into one class of £1 ordinary shares .
EFFECT ON SHARE HOLDINGS
The effect upon the several classes of shareholders of this reduction in the
issued capital may be summarized as follows:
(a) The preference shareholders (other than the Government) wiU receive 6s.
in cash and 14s. in £1 ordinary shares for each preference share held.
(b) The preferred ordinary shareholders (other than the Government) will
receive two-thirds of their present holding in £1 ordinary shares.
(c) The deferred ordinary shareholders will receive one-third of their present
holding in £1 ordinary shares.
The following is a summary of the financial effect of the scheme:
1. ASSETS
Book value
at Mar. 31,
1925
Amount to
be written
off
Cash re-
payments
Value after
reconstruc-
tion
Land, buildings, plant, and machinery
Stocks
Cash and investments
Preliminary expenses
Good will, patents, and trade-marks
Profit and loss account deficit
Sundry debtors £646,886
Less sundry creditors 338,071
£2, 958, 498
1, 320, 324
3, 247, 321
251, 552
750, 000
360, 602
308, 815
9, 197, 112
£1, 198. 260
280, 982
251, 552
750, 000
360, 602
NU.
2, 841, 396
£1, 580, 136
1, 580, 136
£1, 760, 238
1, 039, 342
1, 667, 185
Nil.
Nil.
Nil.
308, 815
4, 775, 580
170 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
2. CAPITAL
Issued
capital at
Mar. 31,
1925
Amount to
be written
ofl
Cash re-
payments
New capital
inordinary
shares
Shares held by His Majesty's Government:
Preference shares £850, 001
Preferred ordinary shares 850,000
Other shareholders:
Preference shares
Preferred ordinary shares
Deferred ordinary shares - -
£1,700,001
3, 267, 120
3, 235, 797
994,194
£1,100,001
Nil.
1, 078, 599
662,796
£600,000
980,136
Nil.
NU.
NiL
£2, 286, 984-
2, 157, 198
331, 398
9, 197, 112
2,841,396 1,580,136
4, 775, 580
It vyill be observed that under this scheme the issued capital of the company
will be reduced to £4,775,580, but to avoid expense in the future it is proposed
to retain the authorized capital at £10,000,000, although the articles wiU pro-
vide that the capital actually issued shall not exceed £6,000,000 unless author-
ized bv resolution of the shareholders.
AMENDUEKT OF ASTICX£S
The consent of the Government to forego its existing rights of veto and control
and its representation on the board necessitates such extensive alterations in the
articles of association that, on the advice of the company's soUcitors, the board
have concluded that the best course would be to adopt entirely new articles of
association, of which a copy can be inspected by any shareholder at the regis-
tered office of the company, 70 Spring Gardens, Manchester, or at the office of
its solicitors, Messrs. Slaughter & Ma\', 18 Austin Friars, London, E. C. 2, at
any time during ordinary business hours, but for the convenience of the share-
holders a summary of the more important modifications in the articles is shown
in paragraph 14 of the scheme inclosed.
FUTUEE PROSPECTS
With regard to the future prospects of the company the board desire to point
out that its financial position in regard to capital will undoubtedly be very sound
and that a large part of this capital will be represented by liquid assets, which
will be available not only for the purpose of providing the plant and machinery
required in connection with any new processes and inventions but also for the
purpose of enabUng the company to engage in the manufacture of other products,
whereby the resources, the equipment, and the trained personnel of the com-
pany's undertaking may be used to advantage.
If the proposals which are submitted are approved there will be no obstacles
to the ^ider and more efficient use of the company's resources, although some
time must necessarily elapse before definite results can be obtained. The board
therefore recommended the acceptance of the scheme to the shareholders in the
belief that it will not only add to the stability of the company's undertaking,
but afford to those intrusted with its management a fair opportunity to make
it a success.
The report of directors, together with the balance sheet, is given
below :
The trading results for the period of 17 months
to March 31, 1925, after providing £437,832 £ s. d.
for depreciation, show a profit of 88, 674 8 3
The balance of loss brought forward being 449, 276 4 1
There remains an adverse balance of 360,601 15 10
The trading results have been adversely affected by the fall in prices of dye-
stuffs and the increased competition in the home market, although the color-
using trades show some improvement, and in recent months there has been an
increa.sing demand for your company's products.
INTERNATIONAL DYE TRADE
171
Substantial improvement has been made during the period under review both
in the quality and range of colors marketed by your company, and considerable
economies have been effected in the cost of manufacture.
The subsidiary companies in which your company was interested having been
liquidated, the assets of these companies have been transferred to your company
and the necessary changes made in the form of the balance sheet.
A scheme for reconstructing the capital and for removing certain restrictions
under which your company now operates has been prepared by your directors,
and meetings of the several classes of shareholders have been called for the pur-
pose of approving this scheme.
In May, 1925, Dr. E. F. Armstrong, F. R. S., was appointed managing director.
As intimated in the notice convening the ordinary general meeting for July 6,
1925, the directors to retire are Mr. G. V. Clay, Mr. G. P. Norton, the Right
Honorable Lord Ashfield, the Right Honorable Lord Colwyn, and Dr. E. F.
Armstrong. Since that date Mr. Clay has resigned his position owing to the
pressure of other business, and the directors propose that the Right Honorable
Sir Alfred Mond, at present a Government director of the corporation, should
be elected in his place. The other directors retiring are eligible, and offer them-
selves for reelection.
Table 44. — Balance sheet March 31, 1925
CAPITAL AND LIABIUTIES
Share capital:
Authorized— £10,000,000, di-
vided into 4,500,000 prefer-
ence shares, 4,500,000 pre-
ferred ordinary shares, and
1,000,000 deferred ordinary
Shares, all of £1 each.
Issued:
Preference shares,
4,117,121 shares
fully paid. . .7. . . £4, 117, 121
Preferred ordinary
shares, 4,085,797
shares fully paid. 4, 085, 797
Deferred ordinary
shares, 994,194
shares fully paid.
994, 194 £
9, 197, 112
Sundry creditors 338,070 7
Total 9,535,182 7 11
ASSETS
Land, buildings, plant, and ma-
chinery as taken over from asso-
ciated companies on Oct. 31, £ s. d.
1923 3,273,731 11 3
Freehold offices and equipment
at that date 57,173 8 9
3, 330, 905 0 0
Additions (less sales) during
period 65,425 1 9
3, 396, 330 1 9
Deduct provision for depreciation
during period 437,832 10 6
2,958,497 11 3
Stocks (at cost or market price
whichever is lower) 1,320,324 4 9
Sundry debtors.. * 646,886 5 7
Cash and investments.. 3,247.320 14 6
Preliminary expenses 251,551 16 0
Good will, patents, and trade
marks 750,000 0 0
Profit and loss ac-
count:
On Oct. 31, £ «. d.
1923 449,276 4 1
Less profit for
the 17 months
to date 88,674 8 3
360,601 15 10
Total 9,535,182 7 11
IMPORTS AND EXPORTS
Table 45. — The United Kingdom: Imports and exports of coal-tar dyes, 1925 *
Imports and consumption: '
Alizarin
Indigo, synthetic, other coal-tar dyes.
Total
Natural indigo
Exports:
Dyes and dyestuffs (except dyewoods and raw dyeing substances) and eX'
tracts for dyeing and tanning, products of coal tar
Pounds
1, 243, 872
3. 194, 352
Value
$361,002
2, 762, 856
4, 438, 224 I 3. 123, 858
25,536 31,031
11, 666, 032 4, 093, 201
1 Accounts relating to the trade and navigation of the United Kingdom, issue for December, 1925.
' An account of the principal and other articles of imported merchandise showing the consumption of
certain dutiable articles in the year ended Dec. 31, 1925, £l=$4.8289.
172 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 46. — The United Kingdom: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 192^ *
Imported from—
Pounds
Value
Alizarin:
Germany _
1, 888, 096
560
1, 464, 288
24, 528
$617, 002
Netherlands . . .. . . . ..
1,391
PVance -
360, 446
Other foreign countries.
20, 667
Total from foreign countries
3, 377, 472
999, 506
Total imported
3, 377, 472
999, 506
Other coal-tar dyes:
Germany
3,125,360
35, 168
1)9,168
1,174,320
2,688
65, 744
3, 084, 449
Netherlands ...
44, 590
Belgium..
125,917
Switzerland
1, 525, 866
United States
4,492
Other foreign countries ... . .. ..... ...
82, 003
Total from foreign countries
4, 522, 448
4, 867, 317
Canada
29, 120
2,688
31, 233
Other British possessions
901
Total from British possessions
31, 808
4, 554, 256
32, 134
Total imported
4, 899, 451
Grand total
7, 931, 728
5,898,957
* From annual statement of the trade of the United Kingdom with foreign countries and British posses-
sions; values converted at average exchange rate, 1924, £1=$4.4171.
, Table 47. — The United Kingdom: Exports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 *
Exported to —
Alizarin:
Java
France
United States.
Brazil-
Other foreign countries
Total to foreign
countries
British India
Other British posses-
sions
Total to British
possessions
Total exported
Indigo, synthetic:
Egypt
China.
Other foreign countries.
Total to foreign
countries
Hongkong...
Australia -.-
Other British posses-
sions
Total to British
possessions
Total exported
Other coal-tar dyes:
Russia
Sweden
Norway
Pounds
103, 488
40, 768
16,016
1,232
14, 336
643, 104
8,176
651, 280
827, 120
448
1,333,920
107, 408
1,441,776
70, 112
75, 824
3,696
149, 632
1,591,408
365, 008
113,232
60, 480
Value
$32, 987
17, 637
5,945
698
16,608
73, 875
143,214
5,239
148, 453
124
399, 126
30, 897
430, 147
20, 835
22,889
2,248
45, 973
476, 120
424, 758
74, 670
46, 229
Exported to —
Other coal-tar dyes— Con,
Denmark
Germany
Netherlands
Belgium
France
Switzerland
Portugal-.
Spain
Italy..
Egypt
China
Japan ...
United States
Brazil
Other foreign countries
Total to foreign
countries
Irish Free State
Union of South Africa
British India —
Bombay..
Madras
Bengal, Assam,
and Orissa
Burmah
Hongkong
Australia
New Zealand ,
Canada
Other British posses-
sions-
Total to British pos-
sessions
Total exported
Grand total
Pounds
43, 904
57, 680
166, 880
193,312
415,072
421,904
16,912
40, 544
90,944
13,440
263, 872
39, 536
106,512
39, 200
75, 040
Value
$35, 425
5,901
59, 962
47, 960
195,702
101, 292
5,658
29, 740
35, 655
6,679
106, 540
18,083
68,783
35, 005
43,230
2,523,472 1,341,272
191,072
107, 184
223, 216
62, 272
21,840
11,536
3,584
698, 096
97, 552
227, 696
36, 848
109, 782
83, 187
127, 914
28, 972
14, 797
7,650
3,812
443, 933
66, 680
94,662
31,803
1,680,896 1,013,191
4, 204, 368
6, 622, 896
2, 354, 463
3,052,911
1 From annual statement of the trade of the United Kingdom with foreign countries and British posses-
sions; values converted at average exchange rate, 1924, £1 =$4.4171.
INTERNATIONAL. DYE TRADE 173
POSITION OF DYE MAKERS OTHER THAN THE BRITISH DYESTUFFS
CO«PORATION
The reorganization of this corporation with a writing off of the
preference and ordinary shares held by the Government, amounting
to £1,700,000 in value for a cash payment of £600,000, has strength-
ened its position. ^° The Government loss, on the other hand, is
said to have been partly compensated by profits from the sale of
German reparation dyes. It is the opinion, however, of some of the
smaller dye makers that this subsidy places them at a disadvantage.
These smaller dye makers, suffering from depressed business con-
ditions, feel that as a group thej^ constitute a vital part of the dye
industry and that they deserve the same treatment by the Govern-
ment as that accorded to the British Dyestuffs Corporation. They
will now be compelled to compete with a subsidized concern, the
result of which will doubtless be to force some of them out of busi-
ness, with a consequent loss of em.ployment to chemists and operators
and a scrapping of plants. This will lead to a reduced capacity to
make certain synthetic chemicals of importance in national defense.
The small dye producers are also fearful that the British Dye-
stuffs Corporation now free from government veto may make an
agreement with the German I. G. which will endanger the small
firms and that will ultimately affect the consumer adversely.
SCOTTISH DYES (LTD.) TAKEN OVER BY THE BRITISH DYES CORPORATION
In February, 1926, the British Dyes Corporation announced its
acquisition of the Scottish Dyes (Ltd.) by the control of the majority
of the capital stock, reported to be valued at about $1,700,000.
Under the new agreement the Scottish Dyes will continue to be
managed as a separate concern.
At the Grangemouth works it is planned to concentrate on vat
dyes, in which the Scottish Dyes (Ltd.) are preeminent. This ar-
rangement is expected to reduce production costs. In Great Britain
as in the United States the phthalic anhydride process is used in the
preparation of anthraquinone instead of the anthracene process.
The former gives vat dyes of greater purity.
This consolidation, following the relinquishment of government
control of the British Dyes Corporation, according to British tech-
nical journals, indicates a sound policy for the future of the industry.
The vat dyes are of high value on account of their rapidly increasing
use in dyeing and printing fast-color fabrics. ^
IMPORT REGULATION ACT AND DYE PRICES
The question of dye prices in Great Britain and their relation to
the import regulation act has been one of interest to the consumer
and manufacturer. Licenses ^^ for the importation of dyes are
granted when the home market price exceeds two and one-half times
the pre-war level, which is stated to give a protection of 150 per cent
on the pre-war price for most colors and 200 per cent on other dyes,
including the anthraquinone derivatives. This level maintains an
10 The British Dyestuffs Corporation received in March, 1920, £100,000 for research. It also received
as a commission on sales of reparation dyes up to October, 1925, a total of £81,800. Parliamentary Debates,
House of Commons, Dec. 17, 1925, p. 1648.
" Statement of Mr. H. Sutclifle Smith, chairman of the Color Users' Association.
174 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
index figure of 250 for the oulk of dyes consumed as against the
official Board of Trade wholesale price index figure of 155. In 1924
indigo sold for 32 cents a pound, but, as a result of protests on the
part of the consumers, the price was reduced to 20 cents a pound.
Alizarin sold 60 per cent higher than the free market price. The
Color Users' Association welcomes the reorganization of the British
Dyestuffs Corporation, feeling that a reduced capitalization will lower
overhead charges and permit price reductions. The continuance of
research work by manufacturers for the development of new dyes is
emphasized as essential to progress. The ability of the home indus-
try not only to supply a variety of dyes but to offer them at prices
low enough to permit the textile industry to compete in foreign mar-
kets is a matter of great importance to the dye consumer.
Dr. E. F. Armstrong, of the association of British Chemical Manu-
facturers, says that a comparison of domestic with the foreign prices
must take into consideration the difference between the internal and
external purchasing power of depreciated currencies. On such a
basis the French consumer is paying more than two and one-half
times per-war prices, and the same situation exists- in Italy. The
weighted average price of the dyes made by the British Dyestuff
Corporation was 2.35 times the pre-war figure,. a ratio which corre-
sponds with the increased cost of raw materials and labor. The
ratios for wages and salaries have risen to nearly three times the pre-
war figure. The British production of vat dyes, not including indigo,
in the first six months of 1925 exceeded 500,000 pounds, as compared
with an import of 93,000 pounds. One firm alone offers 23 vat dyes,
showing that the country is not dependent on Germany for the finer
dyes. The home production of all dyes in 1925 was about 35,000,000
pounds, which is 85 per cent of consumption.
Dye Industry of France
Detailed information is not available as to the total production of
dyes in France in 1925.^^ Reports indicate, however, that the home
industry supplies about 75 per cent of consumption.
The Kuhlmann Co.^^ produced 19,239,544 pounds (8,727 metrie
tons) of dyes in 1925, a decline of 661,380 pounds (300 metric tons)
from the total of 1924. The conspicuous decrease in production of
indigo from 10,361,620 pounds (4,700 metric tons) in 1924 to
8,157,020 pounds (3,700 metric tons) in 1925 was due to the loss of
trade in the Chinese market. During 1925 this firm put on the market
a series of brOminated indigoes. They now have under way the com-
mercial manufacture of certain anthraquinone vat dyes, among which
indanthrene blue and violet will be the first to appear.
According to the Paris Journal de la Bourse, ^^ a trade agreement is
being considered between the I. G. Farbenindustrie of Germany and
the French dye manufacturers, including Kuhlmann, National de
Matiere Colorante, and Bodnili Chinnipes de Saint Denis. This
agreement is reported to relate to price regulation and the exchange
of dyes between Germany and France, particularly imports from
Germany. An arrangement between French and German dye manu-
facturers in 1919 was later canceled as a result of conditions arising
from the occupation of the Ruhr.
» Berliner Tageblatt of June 1, 1926.
'• Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, July, 1926, p. 445.
'< For production 1920-1924, see Census of Dyes, 1924, p. 152.
INTEKNATIONAL DYE TRADE
Table 48. — France: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1925 ^
175
Class of dye
Nitroso
Nitro
Pyrazolone
Stilbeue
Monoazo
Polyazo
Thiobenzenyl
Sulphur
Indophenol
Azines
Pyronines
Eosines
Diphenylmethane
Acridin(?S_
Hydroquinones
Indigotines
Insoluble vat dyes other than indigo.
Cibanones
Indigo 2
Total 2,706,587 2,571,087 494,932 314,057
Dry
Pounds Value
3,086
1,323
129, 190
43, 651
563, 055
517, 199
30,423
98, 105
564, 378
76, 941
69, 004
1,984
371,916
59, 304
88, 184
13, 228
50, 044
22, 266
3,307
$2,336
620
117,461
42, 761
348, 713
451, 778
38, 947
77, 275
520, 853
53,010
129, 570
3,909
395, 860
77, 179
146, 922
10, 202
124, 421
27, 172
2,098
Paste
Pounds Value
441
15, 432
24, 912
220
13,228
3,968
12, 566
2,205
220
211,862
1,102
169, 754
39, 021
$334
5,673
23,597
95
6,912
1,192
4,290
477
763
143
64,833
1,144
181, 150
23,454
1 From December, 1925, issue of monthly foreign commerce statistics of France, official; converted at
average exchange rate for 1925, 1,000 francs =$47,671.
2 Does not state whether dry or paste; probably natural indigo.
Table 49. — France: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 '
Class of dye and country of
Dry
Class of dye and country of
origin
Paste
origin
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Nitroso:
Great Britain.
1,764
1,323
1,102
661
■
Stilbene:
Switzerland
441
Germanv
Switzerland
Other foreign countries.
Total
4,850
$2,880
Nitro:
Germanv
5,291
4,189
441
Switzerland
Czechoslovakia
Total
9,921
8,274
Pyrazolones:
Switzerland
148, 590
220
Italy
Total
148, 811
132, 543
Stilbene:
Great Britain
220
220
60, 265
661
Germanv
Total
Switzerland
Italy
Total
51, 366
39,643
441
$262
Monoazo:
Great Britain.
Monoazo:
Great Britain.
18,960
14,110
661
2,866
708, 999
661
6,173
1,323
22, 266
Germany
Switzerland
Netherlands .
Total
Belgium.
Switzerland
Czechoslovakia. ..
Italy....
Total
752, 430
491, 526
23, 589
11,207
> From general tables of the foreign commerce and navigation of France, ofHcial; converted at average
exchange rate for 1924; 1,000 francs=$52.368.
176 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 49. — France: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 — Continued
Glass of dye and country of
Dry
Class of dye and country of
origin
Paste
ongin
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Polyazo:
18,519
651, 680
9,039
3,748
567, 905
3,086
Polyazo:
Great Britain
1,764
31, 526
220
3,307
Germany
Netherlands
Belgium.
Switzerland—
Switzerland
Total
Italy
Total
1, 253, 976
$1, 489, 346
36, 817
$24, 037
Thiobenzenyl:
Great Britain- -
Thiobenzenyl:
441
5,952
29,542
441
Total
Switzerland
Total
35, 935
46, 974
441
262
Sulphur:
Great Britain
Sulphur:
13, 007
441
83, 554
2,425
2,866
Germany
Total
Switzerland
Other foreign countries...
Total
99, 427
70, 854
2,866
576
Indophenols:
Great Britain-
Indophenols:
1,323
1,217,821
126, 324
1, 322
6,834
76,279
9,259
Germany
Switzerland
Total
Total
1,346,790
1, 279, 664
92, 372
54,882
Azines:
Switzerland
Azines:
20, 282
21, 385
42,990
4,629
1,102
Germany
Total..
Switzerland . .
Other foreign countries...
Total . -
89, 286
79, 547
1,102
367
Pyronines:
Switzerland _.
Pyronines:
12, 566
441
75, 397
4,189
Netherlands
Total.-
Switzerland .
Total
88, 404
188, 996
4,189
1,571
Eosines:
Great Britain -
Eosines:
882
5, 732
4,189
220
Total....
Switzerland
Total-- -.-
10, 803
20, 528
220
105
Diphenylmethane:
14, 771
19,180
574, 078
5,511
Diphenylemethane:
Great Britain.-
220
220
1,102
Switzerland
Other foreign countries-. -
Total
Total
613, 540
655, 857
1,542
733
Acridine:
Great Britain -..
441
661
68, 563
Hydroquinones:
Great Britain
63, 272
8,598
18,519
Germany
Switzerland
Total
69, 665
105, 888
Hydroquinones:
7,275
23, 810
69, 886
220
220
Germany
Switzerland
Switzerland
Czechoslovakia
Total
Italy..
Total
101,411
166, 216
90, 389
38, 648
INTERNATIONAL DYE TRADE 177
Table 49. — France: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 — Continued
Class of dye and country
Dry
Class of dye and country
of origin
Dry
of origin
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Indigotines:
Great Britain
32,409
50,044
220
Indigotines:
Germanv.
5,511
1,323
441
Switzerland
Belgium
Spain . ..
Switzerland
Total...
Total...
82, 673
$78, 552
7,275
$4, 504
Insoluble vat dyes, other
than indigo:
Great Britain..
Insoluble vat dyes, other than
indigo:
Germany
83,995
14,991
1,543
220
167, 109
441
17, 857
Switzerland
Germanv
Netherlands
Switzerland
Total
Total
100, 529
170, 824
185, 627
198,422
Cibanones:
Switzerland
Cibanones:
Great Britain
10, 362
20,944
48, 060
Switzerland
Total...
Total
31,306
40, 899
48, 060
34, 249
Grand total
Grand total. .
4,891,125
5,609,013
494,930
936, 825
Table
50.— France: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1923 ^
Class of dye and country
Dry
Class of dye and country
of origin
Paste
of origin
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Nitroso:
Germany
882
882
3,086
Monoazo:
Great Britain
Switzerland . . .
Total
4,850
$4,257
Nitro:
Great Britain.. .
1,323
661
1
1
Total.
1,984
1,095
j
Pyrazolone:
Switzerland ...
133, 819
84,892
1
j
Total
133, 819
84,892
1
Stilbene:
Great Britain.. . . . . .
441
1,102
40,344
j
Germany .
Switzerland
Total
41,887
33, 507
Monoazo:
Great Britain
13, 227
2,205
882
1,984
423, 944
882
4,189
1,102
11,023
Netherlands
Total.
Belgium
Switzerland
Czechoslovakia .
Italy
Total
447, 313
283, 805
12, 125
$6, 385
Polyazo:
Great Britain ...
Polyazo:
Great Britain
12, 787
23,369
2,425
9,259
461,202
7,496
1,102
i
1,102
1
441
Netherlands
Total
Belgium
Switzerland
Italy
United States
]
Total
517,640
428,353
1,543
1,338
• From general tables of the foreign commerce and navigation of France, official; converted at average
exchange rate for 1923; 1,000 francs=$60.811.
178 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 50. — France: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 192S — Continued
Glass of dye and country
D
ry
Class of dye and country
of origin
Dry
of origin
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Thiobenzenyl:
661
1,323
20, 723
Thiobenzenyl:
Great Britain.
441
$365
Total
Switzerland.-
Total. .
22, 707
$31, 804
441
365
Sulphur:
Great Britain
Sulphur:
Great Britain
3,306
882
114,419
9,039
2,128
Germany.. .
Total
Total
118, 607
81, 791
9,039
2,128
Indophenols:
Great Britain
Indophenols:
Great Britain
1,984
227, 735
74, 956
3,748
91,491
9.480
Germany
Germany
Switzerland
Total
Total
304, 675
386, 576
104,719
92, 433
Azines:
Switzerland
Azines:
Great Britain..
40, 565
32, 628
1,102
1,543
882
882
4,409
Switzerland
United States.
Italy .
Total
United States.
Other foreign countries
Total
76, 720
46, 460
5,291
1,277
Pyronines:
Switzerland
Pyronines:
Germany.
1,764
661
441
20, 723
220
661
304
Netherlands
Total
Belgium
Switzerland .
Italy
Total
23,809
54,791
661
304
Eosines:
Great Britain.. . .
Eosines:
Great Britain
882
13, 448
10, 141
220
441
61
Germany. -
Total
Switzerland
Czechoslovakia
Total .
24, 691
49, 014
441
61
Diphenylmethane:
Great Britain
Diphenylmethane:
Great Britain
5,512
9,921
2,205
405, 205
2,204
220
220
Germany
Switzerland
Total
Netherlands
Switzerland .
Italy
Total
425, 047
457,238
440
243
Hydroquinones:
Great Britain
Acridines:
Great Britain.. .
441
441
50,706
220
73, 634
2,204
Germany..
Switzerland .
Italy . .
Total
51,808
82, 156
HydroQuinones:
Great Britain
10, 803
57, 760
3,086
55, 776
2,646
Switzerland.. .. .
Belgium
Total
Switzerland . .
United States
Total
130, 071
187, 663
75, 838
33,689
Indigotines:
Indigotines:
2,205
220
1,984
2,205
220
661
441
Switzerland
Switzerland
Total
Italy
Other foreign countries...
Total
6,834
6,203
1,102
912
INTERNATIONAL. DYE TRADE 179
Table 50. — France: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1928 — Continued
Class of dye and country
Dry
Class of dye ann country
of origin
Paste
of origin
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Insoluble vat dyes other than
indigo:
Germany
160, 715
8,157
Insoluble vat dyes other than
indigo:
Great Britain . .
661
206, 351
29, 101
Switzerland
Germany
Switzerland
Total
Total
168, 872
$279. 4S7
236, 113
$220, 805
Cibanones:
Switzerland..
Cibanones:
Great Britain.. ...
11,684
16,535
41, 667
27,000
Switzerland . .
Total
Total
28, 219
38, 858
41,667
27,000
Table 51. — France: Imports of indigo, 1923 and 1924
Imported from—
1923
1924
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Great Britain
2,205
1.323
4,850
18,298
1,984
Spain
British-India
San Salvador..
5,952
French India
Other foreign countries
2,646
Total
28, 660
$27,669
8,698
$8,169
' Prom general tables of the foreign commerce and navigation of France, oflScial; values converted at
average exchange rate for 1923 (1,000 francs=$60.811) and for 1924 (1,000 francs =$52,368).
Table 52. — France: Exports of coal-tar dyes, 1925 '
Class of dye
Nitroso.
Nitro.
Pyrazolone
Stilbene
Monoazo
Polyazo.-
Thiobenzenyl.
Sulphur
Indophenols..
Azines.
Pyronines
Eosines
Diphenylmethane..
-\crid)nes.-
Hydroquinones
In(iigotines
Insoluble vat dyes other than indigo.
Dry
Pounds Value
Total- 6,664,065
166, 668
5,952
1,764
1,764
152. 999
671, 962
882
149,913
17,637
10,803
360, 459
5,732
128, 541
3,086
20. 723
361, 120
604, 060
$65, 405
2,527
1,049
1,335
36, 516
219, 811
334
29, 747
14, 206
7,246
385, 552
8,581
565, 611
4,338
23,263
114, 452
336, 694
6, 816, 667
Paste
Pounds Value
60,627
882
1,764
1,543
13,228
9,039
220
1,102
5,732
220
661
160, 795
882
3, 863, 121
10,582
4, 120, 398
$7,103
191
334
286
2,527
1,192
667
1,764
95
191
41, 283
238
589, 738
7,627
653, 236
' From December, 1925, Issue of monthly foreign commerce statistics of France, oflBcial; values con-
verted at average exchange rate for 1925; 1,000 francs=$47.671.
180 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 53. — France: Exports of coal-tar dyes, 19S4 '
Class of dye and country of
destination
Nitroso:
Belgium
Switzerland.
Spain
United States
Canada
Other foreign countries.
Total.
Nitro:
Belgium
Italy..
Greece
Other foreign countries.
Tunis.
Morocco
Senegal-
Indo-China
Guadeloupe
Total.
Pyrazolone:
Switzerland.
Total
Stilbene:
Belgium.
Total.
Monoazo:
Belgium
Saar region..
Switzerland.
Algeria
Tunis.
Indo-China .
Total
Polyazo:
Germany
Belgium.
Switzerland
Other foreign countries..
French Somaliland
Total.
Thiobenzenyl:
Belgium
Switzerland.
Total
Sulphur:
Saar region..
Switzerland.
Total
Indophenol:
Great Britain.
Switzerland...
Syria
Algeria...
Morocco
Madagascar...
Total.
Azines:
Germany.
Austria...
Total.
Dry
Pounds
131, 174
220
29, 542
1,984
12, 125
22, 928
197, 973
882
882
661
441
441
220
441
441
441
,850
441
441
2,205
2,205
28, 660
20, 503
8,598
441
220
220
58, 642
11,023
1, 791, 458
10, 141
1,543
4,189
1, 818, 354
221
2,425
19, 401
16, 975
36, 376
661
1,543
882
1,102
882
221
5,291
220
220
440
Value
Class of dye and country of
destination
$92, 220
2,514
314
1,781
17, 439
Nitroso:
Germany
Saar region..
United States.
Other foreign countries.
755, 880
1,309
8,641
5,656
367
Paste
Pounds Value
2,866
2,425
441
882
Total
6,614 1 $1,047
Stilbene:
Belgium.
9,480
Total
9,480
2,461
Monoazo:
Germany
220
220
Switzerland...
Total
440
105
Polyazo:
Switzerland
1,323
Total
1,323
262
Thiobenzenyl:
Belgium
661
Total
661
441
157
Azines:
Belgium
Total
441
209-
' From general tables of the foreign commerce and navigation of France, official; converted at average
exchange rate, 1924; 1,000 francs=$52.368.
INTERNATIONAL DYE TRADE 181
Table 53. — -France: Exports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 — Continued
Class of dye and country of
Dry
. Class of dye and country of
destination
Paste
destination
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Pyronines:
73, 634
919, 980
15, 432
21, 605
220
Eosines:
Belgium
441
441
Other foreign countries
Indo-China
Total
1, 030, 871
$2. 203, 855
Eosines:
Great Britain
3,528
220
9,259
Belgium
Switzerland
Total
13, 007
24, 718
1 Total
$157
Diphenylmethane:
Great Britain
35,274
46, 738
6,393
34, 171
75, 838
79, 807
7,275
19,400
9,259
29, 762
22, 928
19, 400
807, 325
6,834
Diphenylmethane:
Germany
104, 058
1,102
1,102
2,205
661
6,173
Saar region
Netherlands
Switzerland
Belgium -
Italy
Switzerland
Other foreign countries..
Indo-China..
Italy
Total
Other foreign countries .-
Tunis
Morocco -
Indo-China
Other colonies and pro-
Total
1, 200, 404
1, 140, 785
115,301
47,917
Acridines:
1,102
Hydroquinones:
Great Britain
9,038
159, 834
Total-
1,102
1,676
Hydroquinones:
Great Britain
1,764
661
5,733
220
1,984
Belgium
Belgium
Total..
Other foreign countries...
Total
10. 362
14. 768
168, 872
56,138
Indigotines:
310, 628
762, 571
87, 523
289, 905
51,367
198, 414
102, 293
139, 772
18, 298
5,071
1,543
Indigotines:
969, 583
123,017
506, 397
114,419
89, 286
1, 768, 089
23, 309
10, 803
56, 878
19, 180
441
6,834
Belgium
Switzerland
Switzerland
Italy
Italy
Egypt
Spain . ..
Dutch Indies
China
China
Other foreign countries...
Tunis
Other foreign countries..
Tunis
Senegal
Other colonies and pro-
French Indies .
Total
Total...
1, 967, 385
1, 869, 328
3,688,296
854, 227
Insoluble vat dyes other
than indigo:
6,393
81, 129
26, 235
8,157
6,834
18, 739
10,803
57, 761
Insoluble vat dyes other
than indigo:
881
2,205
2,205
441
Great Britain
Belgium
Switzerland
Portugal
Other foreign countries..
Total
United States
Brazil - ...
Algeria...
Total..
216, 051
358,511
5,732
6,446
Cibanones:
Switzerland
1,102
882
Cibanones:
1,102
Czechoslovakia .
Total
Total.
1,984
3,770
1,102
1,047
Grand total
6, 568, 385
6, 503, 532
3, 998, 704
969, 173
182 CENSUS OP DYES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 54, — France: Exports of coal-tar dyes, 192S '
Class of dye and country of
Dry
Class of dye and country of
destination
Paste
destination
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Nitroso:
Denmark
11, 905
16, 976
441
59, 524
1,102
4,189
10, 141
661
661
Nitroso:
Saar region
882
882
220
Belgium
Other foreign countries..
Algiers
Switzerland
Spain
Total
United States
Other foreign countries
Algeria
Tunis
Indo-China.. . . - .
Total
105, 600
$52, 419
1,984
$304
Stilbene:
Belgium
Nitro:
Great Britain . .
10, 362
2,205
1,764
661
661
220
7,496
Belgium
Portugal
Egypt
Other foreign countries...
Madagascar and depend-
encies - . - .
Total
15, 873
8,757
Pyrazolone:
Netherlands
220
441
Belgium .
Total
661
486
Stilbene:
Belgium
16, 975
14, 534
2,068
Total
Total
16,975
14, 534
7,496
2,068
Monoazo:
United States
Monoazo:
Belgium
4,189
16, 754
1,984
1,323
1,984
1,764
1,323
1,102
661
182
Switzerland
Total
Portugal..
Argentine
Other foreign countries...
Morocco
Indo-China.
Other French colonies
Total
30, 423
10,095
661
182
Indophenols:
Belgium
Polyazo:
Poland
18, 519
265, 213
2,205
1,102
1,102
Belgium
Switzerland .
Other foreign countries...
Total
287, 039
126, 669
Thiobenzenyl:
Sweden
1,543
220
Belgium
Total
1,763
851
Sulphur:
Netherlands
882
5,071
441
441
441
Belgium
Switzerland
Tunis ....
Morocco
Total
7,276
1,885
Indophenols:
Belgium .
4,409
2,646
882
220
1,034
Switzerland
Total
Other foreign countries...
Senegal
Total
8, 157
9,426
1,102
1,034
1 From general tables of the foreign commerce and navigation of France, official; values converter' at
average exchange rate 1923; 1,000 francs=$60.811.
INTERNATIONAL DYE TRADE
183
Table 54. — France: Exports of coal-tar dyes, 1923 — Continued
Class of dye and country of
Dry
Class of dye and country of
destination
Paste
destination
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Azines:
Great Britain. . .
4, 630
2,425
441
Eosines:
1,102
441
Belgium.. . . . .
Total
7,496
$7,054
Pyronines:
Belgium .
554, 016
10, 361
1,764
Other foreign countries
Colonies and protecto-
Total
566, 141
1,311,754
Eosines:
Sweden
6,393
6,173
2,425
1,323
Great Britain
Other foreign countries..
Total
Total
16, 314
32, 412
1,543
$608
Diphenylmethane:
Germany .
Diphenylmethane:
Netherlands
5,291
1, 223, 553
82, Oil
39, 462
27, 998
4,850
10, 582
21,164
10, 362
22, 707
16, 314
4,630
240, 963
1,764
3,968
441
220
441
1,764
220
2,205
220
12, 566
Bfilginm
Switzerland
Italy
Spain
Switzerland
Egypt
Austria
China
United States.
Japan
Tunis
Total
Morocco
Madagascar and depend-
Indo-China .
Other colonies and pro-
Total..
1,711,651
1, 888, 546
22,046
9,122
Hydroquinones:
Great Britain
IHydroquinones:
Netherlands
441
2,645
220
441
441
637, 791
Belgium
Spain .
Total
United States
Total
3,747
5, 716
638,232
193,683
Indigotines:
Belgium . . .
Indigotines:
Belgium..
23,369
43, 210
14, 330
6,393
52, 029
9,039
4,850
2,866
3,748
35,053
12, 125
12, 787
82, 452
49, 824
20,503
1,764
Italy. .
Austria
Spain
Egypt
Egypt
Dutch East Indies
China . . .
China
Other foreign countries..
Tunis
Morocco .
Total
Indo-China
Total. -
169, 834
154, 338
214, 508
47,311
Insoluble vat dyes other
than indigo:
Belgium
Insoluble vat dyes other than
indigo:
Great Britain
6,393
21,164
4,850
1,984
22, 707
22, 487
39,683
1,323
1,984
Poland . -
Total
Netherlands
Belgium
United States...
Other foreign countries
Algiers
Other colonies and pro-
Total.
120, 592
209, 555
1,984
1,946
Cibanones:
3, 059. 542
3,834,497
441
Total
441
365
Grand total
Grand total.
889, 997
256,623
5919— 26t 13
184 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 54a. — France: Exports of indigo, 1923 and 1924 ^
Exported to—
1923
1924
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Netherlands .--
13,669
623,902
50,044
42,549
35, 935
151, 456
34,612
50,044
6,614
7,937
21,384
2,205
Belgium . . .
37,037
$36,082
[taly
Egypt
China
Japan . .
Other foreign countries
Algeria
Tunis ---
Indo China
Other colonies and protectorates
Total
1, 040, 351
$1,147,868
» 37, 037
36,082
• From general tables of the foreign commerce and navigation of France, official; values converted at
average exchange rate 1923; 1,000 francs=S60.811; 1924, 1000 francs=$52.368.
' Apparently the export figures for indigo are included under "Indigotines." See p. 181.
The Dye Industry of Italy
progress in 1925 ^^
The Fabbriche Italiane Materie Coloranti Bonnelli, of Milan, in
1925 announced an increase of capital from 40,000,000 lire to 45,000,-
000 lire. The fiscal year 1924-25 closed with profits of 4,465,982 lire,
which permitted the declaration of a 12 per cent dividend. All in-
termediates now used in the company's dyes are manufactured in its
own plants. Special developments in sulphur black and the produc-
tion of synthetic indigo on a commercial basis are the important
achievements of the year.
PRODUCTION IN 1925 ^^
At a meeting of the Intellectual Corporation in Milan, July, 1925 »
Dr. A. Lagana gave significant figures on the present Italian dye-
stuffs industry. ^^ Before the war Italy was largely dependent upon
Germany for dyes. At present the relation between consumption
and production is as follows:
Azo dyes. — Annual national requirement: 3,600,000 kilograms, of
which 1,400,000 kilograms are direct blacks and acids and 2,600,000
kilograms are azo dyes. National production: 1,800,000 kilograms,
of which 1,200,000 kilograms are direct blacks and acids and 600,000
kilograms other dyestuffs.
Sulfur dyes. — Requirement: 3,600,000 kilograms sulfur blacks and
1,200,000 kilograms other dyes. National production: 3,600,000
kilograms sulfur blacks and 600,000 kilograms other dyes.
Dyestuffs from triphenylmethane, basic dyestu^s, dyestuffs for var-
nishes, etc. — Annual requirement: 600,000 kilograms. National pro-
duction: 360,000 kilograms.
The domestic production of intermediates has entirely displaced
imports. Particularly is this true of benzidine and H acid, the annual
production of which amounts to 600,000 kilograms each. The qual-
" Department of Commerce, World Trade Notes on Coal-Tar Products, Nos. 86B, 90B.
" See Census of Dyes, 1923, pp. 142-144, for production in former years.
" Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, News Edition, Oct. 10, 1925.
INTERNATIONAL DVE TKADK
185
ity of the national products is constantly improving. The High
Royal School of Industrial Chemistry in Bologna has instituted a
special course in the chemistry of dyestuffs.
Table 55. — Italy: Imports and exports of synthetic organic dyes, 1925 '
Class of dyes
Imports
Pounds Value
Exports
Pounds Value
Sulphur black..
Other sulphur dyes
Account of Qerman reparations
Other synthetic organic dyes, dry or containing less than
50 per cent of water
Account of German reparations. _
In paste, or containing 50 per cent or more of water
Account of Qerman reparations
Total
Natural indigo
39, 242
148, 590
9,259
2, 155, 879
1, 350, 318
225, 090
928, 578
$10, 576
108, 888
46, 958
4,189
$7, 033
2,789
1, 780, 201
350, 090
261, 430
86, 030
25, 573
24,450
4, 856, 955
8,377
1, 985. 695
8,582
426, 810
295, 702
' From official statistics of domestic exports and imports for consumption, Jan. 1 to Dec. 31, 1925; values
converted at average exchange rate, 1925, 1,000 lires= $39,776.
Table 56. — Italy: Imports of synthetic organic dyes, by countries, 1925 ' ,
Imported from-
France
Germany. _ _
Germany, account of reparations
Switzerland
Other countries
Total
Pounds
350,311
1, 553, 582
2, 288, 154
554, 457
110,450
4, 856, 954
1 From official statistics of domestic exports and imports for consumption, Jan. 1 to Dec. 31, 1925.
The Dye Industry of Japan
production
The estimated production of dyes in Japan for the year August,
1923, to September, 1924, is given in Table 56a. The production
for this year amounting to 18,631,000 pounds, valued at $2,799,000,
was the largest on record. Sulphur dyes, principally black, comprised
93 per cent of this total by weight and 71 per cent by value. The
domestic production of this group is almost sufficient to meet home
needs. Production for the years 1918-1923, by class of application,
is shown on page 145 of the Census of Dyes for 1923. Later figures
follow :
Table 56a. — Production of dyes and intermediates, August, 1923, to September,
1924^
Dyes
Pounds
Value
Direct . .....
602, 000
295, 000
354,000
20,000
17, 360, 000
$240, 000
Acid .
223, 000
Basic ...
345, 000
Alizarin
18, 000
Sulphur .
1, 973, 000
Total
18, 631, 000
6, 647, 000
2, 799, 000
Intermediates.
1, 227, 000
' Japan Advertiser, Mar. 26, 1925.
186 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEK SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
The total consumption of dyestufFs in Japan '^ in 1924 was 7,179
tons, valued at 34,172,000 yen. Imported colors constitute 27 per
cent of this total in quantity and 50 per cent by value as compared
with domestic colors which form 73 per cent by quantity and 50
per cent by value. The home-produced dyestufFs include 268 tons
of basic dyes, 12 tons of acid mordant dyes, 50 tons of other mordant
dyes, 10 tons of vat dyes, and 3,430 tons of sulphide dyes. The
imported colors include 115 tons of basic dyes, 151 tons of direct
cotton dyes, 191 tons of acid dyes, 27 tons of acid mordant dyes,
1,000 tons of artificial indigo, and 40 tons of vat dyes. During May,
1924, the total quantity of dyestuffs and intermediates licensed by
the Government for importation into Japan was 12,682 kilos, as
against 21,666 kilos in April, 1925.
GOVERNMENT MEASURES TO ENCOURAGE DYE MANUFACTURE
The Japanese Government, regarding dye manufacture as a ke}'^
industry, has adopted several measures to stimulate dye production.
Foremost among these measures was the license system for import
control adopted June 7, 1924. For the purpose of putting an end
to the flooding of the home markets with German dyes, it prohibits
the importation of all types of dyes made in Japan and applies
specifically to coal-tar dyes and derivatives, exclusive of carbolic
acid and medicinals. Under the regulations of Japan's Department
of Commerce (see pp. 181-182, Census of Dyes, 1924) the import
restriction applies only to German dyes, the provisions of existing
commercial treaties nullifying its application to dyes originating in
the United States, Great Britain, France, and Italy. Foreign com-
petition has become so keen that Japanese dye producers have
recently been making efforts to shut out dyes from the United States
and France.
A second measure designed to encourage dye making was the
passage of an act by the Japanese Diet, on March 31, 1925,^^ sub-
sidizing the dye industry to the extent of 4,000,000 yen to be dis-
tributed over a period of six years, the maximuiTi to be paid out in
one year not to exceed 1,000,000 yen.
The increase in import duty on coal-tar dj'^es n. o. p. f. imme-
diately following the war from 7 yen per 100 kin ($3.49 per 132.25
pounds) to 35 per cent ad valorem proved inadequate to protect
the weaker firms, and it was to remedy this situation that the import
control and state subsidy were resorted to.
Imperial Ordinances Nos. 301 and 302, effective October 15, 1925,
enumerate 20 dyes, the manufacturers of which are to be the bene-
ficiaries of the subsidy act, and other lists have been issued. The
funds made available by the new provisions of the dyestufts pro-
duction encouragement act are expected to promote the manufac-
ture of new and special dyes. The Japan Chronicle reports that
the grant will cover the difference between the market price of dyes
listed and the cost plus a profit of 20 per cent.
Reports from Japan indicate that the measures thus far adopted
for the protection of the dye industry are inadequate to establish
it on a permanent basis. Two other projects are now under con-
is Department of Commerce, Dyestuffs in Japan in World Trade Notes on Coal-Tar Products, No. 73-B,
Dec 5 1925
i» See Census of Dyes, 1924, p. 158.
INTERNATIONAL DYE TRADE
187
sideration: (1) The purchase by the Government of existing plants
to be operated by the War and Navy Departments, ^° (2) the adop-
tion of a monopoly system whereby the Government will purchase
the output of private plants.
In view of the competition that Japan is encountering from Ger-
many, France, Switzerland, the United States, and Great Britain,
her movements are being watched with great interest.
Tables 57 to 60, inclusive, show the trade of Japan in coal-tar
dyes.
Table 57. — Japan: Impoi
ts and exports
of coal-tar dyes, by
classes,
19:^5 1
. Class of dye
Imports
Exports
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
2, 148, 290
■61. 074. 566
4, 495, 054 2, 214, 077
97,105 112.710
Total coal-tar dyes
6, 740, 449
72, 163
3, 401, 353
58, 249
1,685.704
$214,418
1 From monthly return of the foreign trade of the Empire of Japan, issue of December, 1925. Value
converted at average exchange rate, 1925, 1 yen = $0.41036.
Table 58. — Japan: Imports of coal-tar dyes {exclusive of indigo), by countries,
1925^
Imported from—
Pounds
Vi\Iue
Imported from—
Pounds
Value
Great Britain... ..
47, 368
198, 023
2, .-,51, 086
445, 375
$15, 251
91, 081
1, 583. 867
241, 906
United States
1, 347. 940
2,366
$393, 561
other countries ...
1,121
Germany
Switzerland.
Total
4, 592, 158
2, 326, 787
1 From monthly return of the foreign trade of the Empire of Japan, issue of December, 1925. Values
converted ataverage exchange rate, 1925, 1 yen = $0.41036.
Table 59. — Japan: Imports and exports of coal-tar dyes, by classes, 1924 '
Class of dye
Imports
Exports
Pounds
Value
1
Pounds Value
Indigo, artificial
3,295,015
14,096,358
172, 682
$1,596,840
4,924,671
168,041
1
Total coal-tar dyes
17,564,055
106,021
6, 689, 552
92,583
1,899,495 1 $283,179
Indigo, natural, dry
1 From monthly return of the foreign trade of the Empire of Japan, issue of December, 1924. Val ues
converted at average exchange rate, 1924, 1 yen=$0.41186.
Table 60. — Japan: Imports of coal-tar dyes {exclusive of indigo), by countries,
192 J, «
Imported from—
Pounds
Value
Imported from—
1
Pounds
Value
Great Britain .
13, 103
111,443
12,001,217
759,533 j
$8, ICO
42, 336
4.264,019
358, 664
United States.. . .
1,349,530
31,214
$402, 446
France
other countries
17, 147
Total
Switzerland
14,269,040 j
5,092,712
" From monthly return of the foreign trade of the Empire of Japan, issue of December, 1924. Values
converted at average exchange rate, 1924, 1 yen=^$0.41186.
20 Department of Commerce, World Trade Notes on Coal-Tar Products No. 81-B.
188 census of dyes and othee synthetic chemicals
The Dye Industry of Poland ''
PRODUCTION OF DYES
The 1925 production of 1,320,000 pounds ^^ (600,000 kilos) is only
30 per cent of the 1924 production. The decline may be attributed
largely to depression in the textile industry. The developments of the
year include the completion of processes for several dyes previously
imported and their production in 1926 is expected. In 1923 pro-
duction was reported at 4,303,379 pounds and in 1922, 2,142,871
pounds. Pre-war consumption was 12,000,000 pounds per year.
Table 61.-
-Poland: Imports and exports of synthetic dyes, 1924 '
Country of origin
Imports
Country of destination
Exports
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Austria
10,803
15, 653
904,647
38,360
19,400
9,039
$8,492
11,194
715,644
39, 951
15,633
7,527
Czechoslovakia .. ...
7,055
20, 062
22, 046
31,967
234, 569
14, 991
$4,439
C zechoslovakia
Danzig
5,790
Germany
Lithunania . .
13,124
Switzerland
Germany
18, 914
Italy . . .
Russia__
148, 031
other countries . .
other countries
8,685
Total
Total
997, 802
798,441
330, 690
198, 983
1 From Foreign Commerce of the Polish Republic; values converted at exchange rate, par value 1 zloty=
$0,193.
The Dye Industry of Russia
Prior to the war dye production in Russia was confined to assem-
bling imported intermediates, chiefly of German origin, into a limited
variety of dyes. Large quantities of intermediates were used by
the textile industry for the production of the insoluble ice dyes on
cotton, such as para red; many were also imported for color lakes.
After the war when the Russians attempted to manufacture dyes
they found themselves dependent upon imports for intermediates and
for most crudes. Germany was at first apparently unfriendly toward
Russia's attempts to establish a dye industry and evaded supplying
the necessary intermediates. In 1923 she furnished a few, but they
were so inferior in quality that the dyes made from them were unsal-
able and, it is reported, are still in the Government warehouse.
The Soviet Government intends to establish dye manufacture on a
scale sufficient to supply the bulk requirements of Russia. With
this end in view it has adopted a license import control system
which permits the entry only of dyes not made satisfactorily by the
home industry. A coke plant operating in Siberia ^^ is producing
benzene and a few other ci'udes. Its first output of benzene was
unfit for nitration, but with the installation of modern distillation
equipment it is now making a high grade of benzene for the manufac-
ture of aniline and synthetic phenol. Although Russia is buying
intermediates and many dyes from Germany she has not permitted
the Germans to establish dye plants in Russia. In 1925 certain prod-
" For more detailed information on the Polish dye industry, see Census of Dyes, 1924, pp. 159-161.
22 Department of Commerce, World Trade Notes on Coal-Tar Products, No. 89-B.
23 The construction of coal-tar distillation plants at Kadiev and Stalein and an anthracene plant at Yu-
zovka has been authorized by the Council of Labor and Defense. Department of Commerce, World Trade
Notes on Industrial Chemicals, No. 94A.
INTERNATIONAL DYE TEADE 189
ucts were bought from the United States. Prices of dyes are
generally higher than in the United States.
The president of the South Russian Chemical Trust (the "Chi-
mugol") ^* gives the following details in regard to the manufacture
of dyes and intermediates :
Chimugol plans to expand the Rubeschnaja plant, where it is now
erecting a laboratory for research work. The intention is to make
such intermediates as beta naphthol, salicylic acid, paranitraniline,
meta nitraniline, and chlorobenzene. The Russian dye industry
has a few high-grade scientific men with practical experience in dye
manufacture, but it needs to be organized to give the proper coordina-
tion between crude and intermediate production. In other words,
its future is dependent upon its ability to first make crudes and
intermediates of sufficient purity and on a large enough scale to insure
dyes of the right quality and in adequate quantity.
The manufacturing program for 1925-26 set up by the Russian
Aniline Trust is shown in the following tabular statement:
Dye
Pounds 1
Direct dyes...
Sulphur black
Other sulphur dyes ..- _.
Acid dyes
Mordant dyes
Basic dyes (principally Bismarck brown and chrysoidine) .
Nigrosine
Total dyes
Intermediates for calico printing.-.
Total dyes and intermediates
31,464
129, 600
5,220
6,840
2,952
3,744
2,520
182, 340
72,720
255, 060
» Converted from poods at 36 pounds to a pood.
Russia's consumption of dyes is far in excess of the quantity that
the Aniline Trust is planning to manufacture in the coming year
(1925-26). Pre-war imports of dyes— 4,835,647 pounds in 1913,
valued at $3,701,186 — may be taken as a partial measure of her
national requirements. Official figures give Germany's export of
dyes and intermediates to Russia in 1913 as 10,092,658 pounds,
of which 4,102,760 pounds were dyes and 5,989,898 pounds were
intermediates.
The 192,600 pounds of sulphur black that it is planned to manufac-
ture in 1925-26 will supply only 25 per cent of Russia's needs for that
particular dye, and the contemplated output of other dyes is even
more inadequate.
The sulphur dyes first produced were of poor keeping quality and
lacked clearness, but improvement is reported in this group of colors
important to the cotton textile industry.
The Dye Industry of Spain
dye license system for import control
The Government protects the Spanish dye industry by a temporary
prohibition, effective March, 1926, on the import of certain dyes.
In the issuance of permits to importers the Government is guided by
national considerations, available stocks, and prices. The following
M The Chemical Trade Journal and Chemical Engineer, Jan. 1, 1926.
190
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
colors are said to be made in Spain: Sulphur black, acid blacky
orange II, benzopurpurine 4B, chrome black (F type), chrysoidine,
Bismarck brown, acid red, and a few other direct and acid dyes.
Production. — The present monthly production of dyes in Spain,
equivalent to 1,491,600 kilos per year, follows (British Industries,
July 15, 1926, p. 329): Sulphur black, 50,000 kilos; other sulphur
dyes, 35,000 kilos; direct cotton dyes, 18,000 kilos; direct developed
dyes, 1,000 kilos; basic dyes, 2,500 kilos; nigrosines (water soluble),
400 kilos; spirit soluble, 200 kilos; acid dyes, 9,000 kilos; oil soluble
dyes, 200 kilos; chrome dyes, 6,000 kilos; union dyes, 2,000 kilos.
Table 62. — Spain: Imports of dyes and intermediates, 1924 and 1925 •
Class of dye and country of origin
1925
1924
Nitrated and chlorinated derivatives : Nitraniline, nitrobenzol, sulphanilic acid, etc.;
Germany..
France
United States
Great Britain
Netherlands
Switzerland
Italy
$49,646
13, 802
752
458
2,747
19, 165
$5, 705
3,539
2,043
716
3,017
58
18, 314
Total.
86, 570
33, 392
Paranitraniline, diphenylamine, alpha and beta naphthol, and anthraquinone:
Germany
France
Great Britain
Netherlands...
Switzerland , '...
Italy r
7,823
5,215
62
640
8,953
1,370
274
1,370
91
6,944
Total.
13, 740
19,003
Artificial organic coloring materials in powder or crystals:
Germany
Belgium
France
United States
Great Britain.
Netherlands
Switzerland-.
Italy...
Other countries
498, 491
4, 352
150, 645
5,902
28, 417
25, 719
79, 435
10, 709
2,323
454, 174
800
64, 704
8,713
21, 430
25, 810
77, 842
27,233
7,617
Total.
805, 993
688, 323
Artificial organic coloring materials, in paste or solid form, containing at least 50 per
cent water:
Germany.. ._
France
Great Britain
Netherlands
Switzerland
9,781
1,798
3,860
Italy
Other countries.
4,765
323
9,445
1,428
1,148
790
421
160
480
Total .
20, 536
13, 872
' From World Trade Notes on Coal-Tar Products, No. 95-B, Dept. of Com. Average value of
1 peseta =$0.133375 in 1924 and $0.143443 in 1925.
The Dye Industry of Switzerl.^nd
Switzerland is unique in that without raw materials (except salt)
she yet possesses a well-developed industry on an export basis. ^^
Before the war the Swiss dye industry ranked second to the German,
producing about 7 per cent of the world's output, and with an export
trade equal to more than 10 per cent, by value, of that of Germany.
Three of the four dye producers at Basel have formed a combina-
tion somewhat similar to the German I. G. Each firm retains its
« See Census of Dyes, 1923 and 1924.
INTERNATIONAL DYE TRADE
191
individuality, but the three exchange information about technical
matters and commercial activities, pool their earnings, and share
profits and losses in proportion to the capital they have invested.
The Swiss control more than 15 per cent of the world's export trade
in coal-tar dyes. They consume only about 10 per cent of their
total output; the remainder goes to all important world markets.
They make an excellent variety of the higher cost dyes as well as
indigo, an important low-price bulk color. Branch plants which
they have established in the United States, Great Britain, Italy,
and France enable them to share the profits of these markets over
and above an amount indicated by the actual exports from Switzer-
land to the countries mentioned.
Table 63 shows a trend of exports from Switzerland in 1913 and
1920 to 1925.'«
Table 63.
— Switzerland:
Exports of dyes, 1913,
1920-1926
Year
Pounds
Value
1913
19, 458, 902
23, 739, 794
10, 779, 612
16,167,655
18, 282, 967
19,015,998
16,161,041
$5, 549, 752
1920
35,411,115
1921
11, 654, 516
1922
13, 042, 635
1923
12, 253, 711
1924
12, 138, 346
1925
1 1, 979, 718
EXPORTS IN 1925
Switzerland's export trade in 1925 showed two significant
changes — (1) a conspicuous loss in exports of indigo, and (2) a small
increase in the tonnage of dyes other than indigo. The total exports
in 1925 were 16,161,041 pounds, valued at $11,979,718, as com-
pared with 19,015,998 pounds, valued at $12,138,346, in 1924.
Exports of synthetic indigo in 1925 totaled 5,270,096 pounds, valued
at $1,904,270, a decline of 25 per cent by value and 39 per cent by
quantity. This decrease may be attributed to the loss of trade in
the Far East markets, particularly China, the world's largest con-
sumer of indigo, where competition is offered by German, and to
some extent, by American firms. The loss of this indigo trade has
affected the Society of Chemical Industry, the sole manufacturer
of indigo in Switzerland.
The 1925 export of dyes other than indigo indicates progress in
the industry. Swiss shipments for the year totaled 10,888,740
pounds, valued at $10,075,061, an increase of 6 per cent by quantity
and nearly 5 per cent by value, as compared with 1924. France, the
principal consumer, took 2,027,130 pounds, valued at $2,099,470,
which was a 26 per cent decline by quantity, attributable in part to
the French rate of exchange. The United States, the second con-
sumer of Swiss colors, bought 1,325,186 pounds, valued at $1,561,412.
This is an increase of 127 per cent by value, an increase which may
be attributed to several causes, chief of which are the ability of the
Swiss to compete with the United States on the high cost dyes since
the tariff reduction effective September 21, 1924, and to the increased
activity of the textile industry in the United States during 1925.
The dyes exported to the United States include a variety of high-cost
specialties, the vat colors making up the leading group.
'« For further details see Census of Dyes, 1922 to 1924.
5919— 26t 14
192
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
England and Czechoslovakia were large consumers of Swiss dyes
in 1925, and Germany took an increased share. Through an arrange-
ment between the German and the Swiss Governments, the German
import restriction on dyes was relaxed to a certain extent.
Table 63a. — Switzerland: Imports and exports of coal-tar dyes, 1925 *
Anilin and other coal-
tar dyes
Indigo, indigo solution
Alizarin,
synthetic
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Imported from—
Germany
1, 245, 599
661
93, 475
57, 320
7,496
4,850
48, 722
220
14, 771
$976, 197
387
79,047
34.015
5,025
2,899
34, 595
387
9,857
106, 703
$37, 687
200,398
$35, 175
Austria..
France _
23, 369
3,286
882
193
Italy
Belgium
Holland... ._
Great Britain
Czechoslovakia
United States
Egypt
220
220
Japan
193
Total
1, 473, 114
1, 142, 407
130, 512
41, 166
201, 280
35,368
Exported to—
Germany
790, 790
168, 431
2,011,036
508, 822
586, 644
302, 251
1, 020, 509
152, 558
101,412
138, 228
35, 053
341,713
66. 579
41, 667
220
121,473
1, 079, 593
29,983
41, 667
13, 228
110, 450
97, 002
8,818
882
10, 362
220
661
1,324
2,205
1,102
492, 067
1,764
18, 298
51, 147
220
158, 070
367, 066
203, 926
1, 323, 642
117,065
661
1,323
209, 878
8, 1.57
115,521
11.243
5,291
661
12, 125
5,732
619,617
124, 465
2, 087, 101
559,511
358, 126
217, 620
1, 138, 735
214, 334
71,702
116,734
31,309
287,390
67, 064
65, 660
387
128, 523
773, 459
32, 662
22, 612
10, 050
75, 375
68, 224
11,210
966
8,890
580
773
2,126
5,412
773
335, 900
1,546
17, 974
35, 561
7,275
64,154
16, 094
26,235
2,425
661
20, 282
220
6,174
3,527
10,630
15,268
12, 369
8,504
966
580
17, 587
193
3,673
4,252
Austria
France
Italy
Belgium
Holland..
Great Britain
Spain
Portugal .
Denmark
Norway
Sweden
220
193
Finland
Latvia and Esthonia
193
Lithuania . .
Poland
1,323
441
3,527
3,307
1,933
387
2,126
3,092
Czechoslovakia..
Hungary
Jugoslavia
Greece
Bulgaria..
13, 889
25, 353
8,697
8,890
Rumania
Russia
Turkey..
661
70, 988
193
34,208
Egypt
Algiers
Morocco
South Africa
Mesopotamia .
Svria
6,834
112,214
3,479
73, 828
British India
2.205
387
Siam
Indo-China..
Dutch East Indies.
115, 962
45, 612
Philippine Islands
China ... ..
102, 239
315, 220
144, 178
1, 5.59, 866
94, 701
580
966
259, 752
8,311
77, 887
10, 823
4,832
580
8,310
4,445
4, 565, 065
150, 133
1,426,511
198, 486
!
Japan
Canada .
United States
1,544
7,716
1,546
6.959
Mexico . .
Central America
Colombia..
Brazil,.
882
773
Uruguay
Argentina
Chile
40, 124
10.630
Peru
Ecuador
2,866
2.512
New Zealand and South Sea
Islands
Total
10, 888, 740
10, 075, 061
5, 270, 096
1,904,270
2,205
387
> From official statistics of the foreign trade of Switzerland,
rate, 1925; 1 franc=$0.19327.
Values converted at average exchange
international dye trade
The Dye Trade of Other Countries
Table 64. — -Argentina: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1923 and 1924 '
193
Class of dye and country of origin
Anilin dyes;
Germany
Belgium
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Spain
United States
France
Italy
Netherlands
United Kingdom-
Sweden
Switzerland-
Uruguay
Total.
Indigo:
Germany
Bolivia
Chile
France
English possessions.
United Kingdom
Total
Grand total -
1923
Pounds Value
704, 736
6,720
11
6,475
265
3,761
295, 641
3,869
23,971
17, 462
481
22
87, 576
273
1,151,262
911
15
214
57
154
1,351
1, 152, 613
$320, 431
2,916
6
2,861
118
1,848
123,614
1,944
11, 710
8,402
240
12
41, 525
144
515, 771
Pounds Value
841, 494
8, 591
20
88
18
633
186, 245
6,111
34, 874
6,316
482
70, 203
1,127
1, 156, 202
160
45
122
1,056
516, 827
1,675
no
4
272
485
2,546
$520, 878
5,827
14
62
13
212
111, 242
3,579
22, 191
3,806
304
46, 143
715, 059
1,740
115
5
180
394
2,434
1, 158, 748
717, 493
' From 1924 yearbook of the foreign commerce of the Argentine Republic. Values converted at exchange
rate— one gold peso = $0.9648.
Table 65. — Austria: Imports and exports of coal-tar dy
SS, 1925 1
Class of dye and country of origin
Imports
Exports
Pounds
Value
Pounds
Value
Coal-tar dyes other than indigo:
Bulgaria
8,157
145, 724
1,984
661
46, 958
1,323
47, 179
39, 021
69, 224
2,646
$4,781
Germany
i, 243, 6i5
9, 921
20, 723
$715, 293
2,812
10, 827
97, 725
Italv-
562
Netherlands ._
422
Rumania .. _
28,403
Switzerland
Serbia. ... .
205, 247
2,646
43, 431
28, 660
14, 550
118, 395
3,406
18, 842
34,483
8,156
984
30, 232
Czechoslovakia -- .
22, 357
Hungary
41, 059
Other countries
2,250
Total
1. 568, 793
890, 214
362, 877
228, 775
Indigo, synthetic and natural:
Bulgaria
882
220
703
Germany
225, 090
75, 838
40, 356
11,952
France
Greece- -
220
141
Italy- -
220
Poland ..
141
Rumania . . '
882
281
Switzerland -
83,114
6,187
Serbia
6,394
3,515
Triest-
1,543
281
Czechoslovakia
662
8,818
422
Hungary.-.
220
141
2,250
Total
386, 025
58,917
18, 078
7,453
Grand total
1, 954, 818
949, 131
380, 955
236, 228
•
' From official statistics of Austrian foreign trade for the year 1925. Values converted at average exchange
rate, 1925—1 schilling=$0.140612.
194 CENSUS or dyes and other synthetic chemicals
Table 66. — Belgium: Imports and exports of coal-tar dyes, dry and paste, 1925
Imports
Exports
Class of dye and country of
origin
Potmds
Value
Class of dye and country of
destination
Pounds
Value
Alizarin:
Germany
36, 402
926
2,676
5
$14, 866
386
869
3
Alizarin:
7,482
.<IiS74
France. .. .. . - ..
Other countries
Total..-
Great Britain
24, 592
0 tiler countries
2 244
Total___
40, 009
16, 124
32, 074
2,618
Alizarin dyes:
Egypt
Alizarin dyes:
Germany
90, 938
397
1,400
3, 152
27, 381
484
1,033
450
17,915 1 1 5Sfi
France.
Total
Otiier countries.
Total
95, 887
29, 348
17, 915
1,286
.\nilin dyes:
Egypt
Anilin dyes:
Germany-
1, 787, 913
499, 390
437, 243
435, 854
458, 350
162, 031
808, 061
132, 194
125. 158
81, 276
241, 884
45, 121
127. 040
18.504
United States
United States
59,870 1 Sfi 187
France.- -
British India
26, 233
50, 031
106, 242
199. 496
16 027
Netherlands
Japan
20. 369
Switzerland..
Netherlands
30. 931
Other countries.
72. 944
Total
Total-
3, 780, 781
1, 433, 694
568,912
244, 962
Indigo, synthetic:
Tunis..
Indigo, synthetic:
Germany
233, 324
114,500
1,900
28, 954
17,413
438
2,712
231
1,603
France
Other countries
Other countries
213
Total
Total-..
349, 724
46, 805
2. 943
1 816
Others:
Others:
Germany
21, 01«
110,614
330, 362
11, 825
6,223
16, 223
16, 552
3,764
21, 197
35. 338
52, 317
23, 201
6, 753
21, 466
63, 307
1,915
3,509
France..
ChUe
Netherlands ..
Egypt
2,669
Other countries.
Spain-
1,731
France
4,595
Netherlands
1,589
Other countries.
5,449
Total
Total ...
473, 817
42,762
223, 579
21, 457
Grand total -
Grand total.. .
4, 740, 218
1, 568, 733
845, 423
272, 139
Indigo, natural:
Denmark .
Indigo, natural:
France- .-.
18, 629
5,254
35
1,074
673
85
3,836
13, 212
3,796
2,410
13, 585
2,141
Netherlands
Egypt - .
1,913
Other countries
Dutch East Indies
Netherlands
2,209
1,828
Other countries
1,011
Total .
Total-.
23, 918
1,832
36, S39
9, 102
1 From monthly bulletin of the foreign commerce of the economic union of Belgium and Louxembiirg
issue of December, 1925. Values converted at average exchange rate, 1925—1,000 franes=$47.5S0
Table 67. — Brazil: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 '
Class of dye
'Pounds
Value
Aniline or fuchsine dyes..
949, 834
1, 188, S90
$982, 623
Indigo and ultramarine blue . . . .
214, 866
Total--
2, 138, 724
1. 197, 489
' From foreign trade of Brazil. Values converted at average exchange rate, 1924 — 1 milrois, paper=
$0.1095.
INTERNATIONAL DYE TRADE 195
Table 68. — Canada: Imports of coal-tar dyes, 12 months ended March 31, 1925 ^
Class of dye and country of origin
Pounds
Value
Aniline and coal-tar dyes, soluble in water, in bulk or packages of not less than
1 pound weight, including alizarin and artificial alizarins:
United Kingdom . . . . - .
299, 095
1, 152, 625
413,771
126, 984
19, 655
138, 877
39,550
$111,479
798, 813
313,317
119,692
11,666
90, 734
0 ther countries - - - -
15, 420
Total
2, 190, 557
1, 461, 121
Aniline and coal-tar dyes, n. o. p.:
322
14,853
522
339
6,659
587
Total - - - -
15. 697
7,585
Indigo:
25
59
25
59
United States ......
37, 100
99, 668
5,761
18, 383
136. 768
24, 144
2,343,047
1, 492, 909
' From March, 1925, issue of monthly report of the trade of Canada. Values converted at average
exchange rate, year ended Mar. 31, 1925^1 Canadian dollar=$0.9996.
Table 69. — China: Imports of dyes, colors, and paints, 1924 '
Aniline
Imported from-
Value
Indigo, artificial
Pounds
Value
Dyes and colors
unelassed
Pounds
Value
Hongkong
Macao
French Indo-China
Siam
Singapore, Straits, etc
Dutch Indies
British India
Great Britain
Sweden...
Denmark
Germany
Netherlands
Belgium..
France.
Switzerland
Italy.. _
Russia and Siberia, by land frontiers.
Russian Pacific ports
Korea
Japan (including Formosa)
Philippine Islands
Canada
United States (including Hawaii)
Turkey, Persia, Egypt, Aden, etc
Portugal
Australia, New Zealand, etc
Total.
Reexports..
Total net imports .
$913, 322
89
7,538
214
60, 357
62
16, 299
124,414
57
11,550
2, 560, 824
5, 477, 930
66, 699
86, 309
45, 745
6,284
27
424
9,731
246, 295
2
2,671
196, 043
1, 468, 630
12,000
4,533
$636, 133
5,466
2,288
9, 847, 620
85, 865
210, 661
3,867
1,618
1, 913, 552
575, 253
945, 310
23, 466
24,799
604,918
8, 990, 175
22, 469, 438
770. 647
3. 683. 108
6, 334, 242
3, 364, 858
8,479,411
216,361
1, 175, 369
1, 927, 316
3, 048, 057
1, 738, 490
560, 252
315, 459
10,800
533
5,600
109, 997 I
1,333 I
160
2,007
25, 826
4,800
859, 178
9, 085, 640
10,764,931 I 2,936,512
785
461, 455
4,667
5,333
11,200
, 832, 886
390, 528
56,532,587 i 19,349,076
372, 124 I 140, 438
27, 847, 970
187, 862
9, 442, 358
56,160,463 ; 19,208,638
$460, 887
3,463
5,760
45, 500
1,071
3,305
103, 252
577. 207
467, 931
78, 803
37, 793
3,791
1,850
30, 089
700, 959
126, 059
310
1,455
516
2, 649, 981
23, 48)
27, 660, 108 2, 626, 502
' From foreign trade of China. Values converted at average exchange rate, 1924; haikwan tael = .$0.8
196 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 70. — China: Imports of natural indigo, 1934 *
Imported from —
Pounds
Hongkong..
Macao
French Indo-China
Netherlands
Spain (including Gibraltar)
Japan (including Formosa) .
Total
Reexported
Total net imports
994, 375
$64, 593
4,533
295
133
7
13, 333
12, 979
10, 133
7,981
1, 867
506
1, 024, 374
86, 362
667
626
1, 023, 707
' From foreign trade of China. Values converted at average exchange rate, 1924; haikwan tael= $0.8899.
Table 71. — Czechoslovakia: Imports and exports of coal-tar dyes, calendar year 1924 '
Imports
Class of dye and country of
origin
Alizarin, alizarin colors and
synthetic indigo;
Germany
Switzerland
France
Poland
Austria...
Hungary
Belgium.
Total
Azo and sulphur dyes
Germany
Switzerland
Austria
Netherlands
Sweden
France
Total
All other coal-tar dyes:
Germany.. ,
Switzerland.
Netherlands.
France...
Austria
Poland
Hungary
Belgium
Italy
Jugoslavia
Great Britain and Ire-
land
Total
Grand total.
Pounds
465, 031
71, 222
52, 212
752
739
147
141
590, 244
586, 474
150, 345
35, 267
2,725
617
309
775, 737
6, 435, 168
837, 845
47, 745
41, 050
22, 943
8,106
4.385
1,356
1,199
55
31
Value
$180, 950
19, 335
21, 398
660
626
106
20
223, 095
274, 054
79, 730
1,426
983
3,279
115
359, 587
7, 399, 883
8, 765, 864
3. 861, 521
497, 044
27, 210
21. 586
13,838
4,597
2,448
1.352
520
47
45
4, 430, 208
5, 012, i
Exports
Class of dye and country of
destination
Alizarin, alizarin colors and
synthetic indigo:
Netherlands
Russia
Japan
Hungary
Austria
Poland
Belgium
Sweden _
Rumania
Germany
Switzerland
United States
France
Other foreign countries.
Total
Azo and sulphur dyes:
Belgium
Au.stria
Germ any
Hamburg
Netherlands
Sweden
Italy
Hungary
Jugoslavia.
Switzerland
Poland
Japan
Norway
Total
All other coal-tar dyes:
Germany
Austria
Hungary
Jugoslavia
Rumania
Belgium
Poland
Sweden
Russia
Netherlands..
Italy
France
Switzerland
United States
Greece ..
Triest
Egypt
Bulgaria
Other foreign countries.
Total
Grand total
Pounds
48, 261
12, 745
8,781
7,619
6,005
5,543
3,777
3,397
2,246
2,222
694
381
368
172
102, 211
25, 675
11, 365
3,857
2, 648
1,687
L612
1,210
1,150
1,008
150
68
46
7
50,483
66, 094
52, 697
46, 760
14, 372
11. 501
10,644
9,921
7,612
4,019
3,422
2,961
2,420
2, 332
1,111
769
756
745
483
1,709
240, 328
393, 022
' From foreign commerce of the Republic of Czechoslovakia, official,
exchange rate, 1924; 1,000 crowns=$29.541.
Values converted at average
INTEBNATIONAL DYE TRADE 197
Table 72.— Egypt: Imports and exports of coal-tar dyes, 1925 ^
Imports
Reexports
Class of dye and country
of origin
Pounds
Value
Class of dye and country
of destination
Pounds
Value
Indigo, synthetic:
73, 224
502, 204
80, 366
$25, 053
189, 433
24, 910
Indigo, synthetic
1,964
2,540
$1, 284
2,105
France-.
Germany .
Total
Total
655, 794
239, 396
4,504
Indigo natural -.
Other coal-tar dyes:
United Kingdom
6,045
7
8,329
171, 588
11,633
2,097
2,190
4
3,070
77, 036
6,652
857
22
Belgium
France
Germany .....
Switzerland .. ...
Total ...
199, 699
89,809
Indigo natural:
British India
61, 956
48,890
18
Total
Total
61, 956
48, 890
22
18
Other dyes:
United Kingdom
4,974
1,312
10, 634
2,230
29
2,857
4,457
808
4,686
624
31
1,306
France
Germany
Italy
United States.
Total
22, 037
11,912
Grand total...
939, 486
390,007
4,526
3 407
' From December, 1925, issue of monthly summary of the foreign trade of Egypt. Values converted at
average exchange rate, 1925; 1 Egyptian pound = $4.4882.
198
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 73. — India: Imports of coal-tar dyes and exports of natural indigo, fiscal
year ended March 31, 1924 *
Imports of coal-tar dyes
Class of dye and country
of origin
Alizarin:
United Kingdom
Germany
Netherlands
Belgium
France
Italy
C zechoslo vakia. -.
Japan
United States
Total
Aniline:
United Kingdom
Aden and dependencies..
Ceylon
Straits Settlements
Other British possessions.
Germany
Netherlands
Belgium
France
Switzerland
Italy
Austria
China
Japan
United States
Total
Indigo, synthetic:
Aden and dependencies..
Other British possessions.
Germany
Netherlands...
Belgium
Egypt
United States
Total.
Other coal-tar dyes:
United Kingdom
Germany
Belgium
Borneo (Dutch)
United States
Other foreign countries.
Total
Pounds
2, 431, 447
2, 607, 221
599, 122
93, 552
13, 700
11,122
38, 700
335
13, 669
297, 446
924
437
122
132
8, 531, 350
665, 067
173, 677
6,443
250, 420
22, 112
220
9,180
32,448
819, 429
10, 809, 407
3,920
92, 736
15, 904
5,600
336
19, 376
137, 872
2,544
50,728
500
150
3,370
100
57, 392
Grand total 16,813,539
Value
$630, 860
883,812
152, 072
23, 656
3, 760
2,598
12, 078
80
1,527
1,510,443
233. 354
1,089
477
193
313
5, 033, 281
435, 487
124, 010
3, 269
210, 831
20, 879
247
11,287
17,467
345, 791
6, 437, 975
3,102
2
90, 777
17, 507
4,005
296
5,873
121, 562
981
26, 535
159
709
1,966
40
30, 390
8, 100, 370
Imports of coal-tar dyes
Class of dye and country
of destination
Pounds
Reexports:
Alizarin
Aniline
Total
Total net imports
58,104
334, 584
392, 688
16, 420, 851
Value
$23, 354
242, 617
265, 971
7, 834, 399
Exports of natural indigo
To-
United Kingdom
Cyprus
Palestine. 1
Mesopotamia
Ceylon
France
Greece
Turkey, European
Turkey, Asiatic
Syria
Armenia
Maskat and Trucial Oman.
Other native States in
Arabia
Persia
Japan
Egypt
Tripoli
Tunis..
Total.
Pounds
88,480
9,520
1,344
71,680
112
7,056
2,912
2,800
10,528
5,488
5,824
2,576
110,208
245, 168
182, 560
1,456
2,912
750, 624
Value
$78, 170
11, 182
1,565
73,542
6
108
7,832
3,229
1,630
10, 731
5,974
3,573
2,847
110,530
187, 235
134, 442
1,589
2,543
636, 728
1 From annual statement of the sea-borne trade of British India with the British Empire and foreign
countries. Values converted at average exchange rate, 1924; 1 rupee=$0.3178.
INTER NATIONAL DYE TEADE
199
Table 74. — -India: Imports of coal-tar dyes and exports of natural indigo, fiscal
year ended March SI, 1925 '
Imports of coal-tar dyes
Class of dye and country
of origin
Alizarin:
United Kingdom..
Germany
Netherlands
Belgium
Switzerland
Italy
Japan
United States via At-
lantic coast
Total--
Aniline:
United Kingdom
Aden and dependencies.
Straits Settlements
Hongkong
Other British possessions.
Germany
Netherlands
Belgium
France
Switzerland..
Italy
Arabia
China
Japan
United States via At-
lantic coast
Other foreign countries..
Total.
Indigo, synthetic:
Germany
Netherlands
France
Switzerland
Italy
Total.
Other coal-tar dyes:
United Kingdom ,
Germany
Total--
Grand total
Pounds
437, 642
5, 326, 472
1, 073, 757
995, 115
415
3,248
13, 225
1,752
7, 851, 626
Value
$88, 516
1, 185, 115
250, 978
258, 832
68
488
3,947
338
239, 387
225
221
3,360
224
, 256, 318
821, 754
499, 780
11, 762
258, 376
77,341
600
34, 343
11, 689
642, 911
380
1, 788, 282
10, 858, 671
35, 168
7,280
2,240
9,856
11, 424
65, 968
270
1,120
1,390
18, 777, 655
168, 600
100
98
3,190
169
, 154, 775
503, 606
282, 962
6,934
194, 818
69, 408
398
3,864
311,615
1,725
6,711,256
35, 960
7,354
1,489
11,064
12, 392
68, 259
403
182
586
8, 568, 383
Imports of coal-tar dyes
Class of dye and country
of origin
Reexports:
Alizarin
.^.niline
Total exported...
Total net imports
Pounds
4,889
311, 935
316, 824
18, 460, 831
Value
$2, 162
206, 733
208, 895
8, 359, 488
Exports of natural indigo
Class of dye and country
of destination
Pounds
United Kingdom...
Cyprus
Mesopotamia
Germany
France
Greece.
Turkey, European..
Turkey, Asiatic
Syria
Armenia
Maskat Territory and
Trucial Oman
Other native States in
Arabia
Persia
Japan
Egypt
SI li% .
Total-
Value
1 From annual statement of the sea-borne trade of British'India with'the British Empire and foreign
countries. Values converted at average exchange rate, 1925;^lirupee=$0.3317.
200 CENSUS OP DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 75. — Netherlands: Imports and exports of synthetic organic dyes, 1924 '
Imports
Exports
Class of dye and country of
origin
Pounds
Value
Class of dye and country of
destination
Pounds
Value
Aniline and other coal-tar
dyes:
German V . .
2, 709, 453
138, 890
1, 091, 277
46, 296
8,818
6,614
6,614
13, 228
44,092
341, 713
2,205
$1, 466, 884
73, 000
198, 744
24, 079
4,586
3,058
2,293
13, 377
8,408
209, 063
1,529
Aniline and other coal-tar
dyes:
Germany . ...
385, 805
451, 943
22, 046
11,023
8,818
28, 660
44,092
52, 910
79, 366
35, 274
63, 933
542, 332
19,841
15,432
79, 366
24, 251
15, 432
6,614
4,409
8,818
19, 841
6,614
6,614
6,614
4,409
55, 115
$168, 550
Belgium
Belgium . .
81, 409
France -
11,848
Great Britain
France
11,084
United States
United States...
8,026
Sweden
Dutch East Indies
European Russia. —
Sweden
11,848
Denmark. . ...
18, 728
Italy and Fiume
34, 398
Czechoslovakia .
Denmark
29, 812
Switzerland
Italy and Fiume
Czechoslovakia . .
21, 403
Other countries
33, 251
China
87, 524
Hongkong
5,351
Japan and Korea
India
9,173
18, 346
Chile...
9,173
Norway
7,644
Poland
3,822
Greece . .
3,058
.\ustria
2,675
Portugal
4,969
Spain
3,058
Switzerland.
3,822
Union of South .\frica...
Brazil
2,675
3,822
Other countries ..
17, 963
Total
Total
4, 409, 200
2, 005,^021
1, 999, 572
613, 432
Indigo, synthetic:
India .
Indigo, synthetic:
Germany
787, 042
35, 274
156, 702
6,880
4,409
2,205
382
France
Other countries .
764
Total..
Total
822, 316
163, 582
6,614
1,147
Other synthetic coal-tar dyes:
Total
Other synthetic organic dyes:
Germany
255, 734
4,409
5,733
382
2,205
Other countries .
Total
260, 143
6,115
Grand total .
Indigo, natural:
» France.-
764
Grand total
5, 491, 659
2, 175, 482
2, 008, 391
614, 579
1 From annual statistics of the foreign trade of the Netherlands,
late, 1924; 1,000 florins=$38.22.
Weights are gross.
Values converted at average exchange
INTERNATIONAL. DYE TRADE 201
Table 76. — Sweden: Imports and exports of coal-tar dyes, 1924 '
Imports
Class of dye and country of
origin
Alizarin dyes:
Denmark
Germany
Netherlands,
Belgium
Czechoslovakia
Other countries
Total
AnUine and other coal-tar
dyes:
Norway
Denmark.
Finland
Danzig..
Germany
Netherlands .,
Belgium .,
Great Britain
France.
Italy
Switzerland..
Austria
C zeehoslo vakia
United States
Total
Indigo, synthetic:
Denmark
Germany
Belgium
Switzerland
Total
Other indigo dyes:
Germany
Switzerland
Total
Indigo, natural:
Total...
Grand total.
Pounds
606
186, 326
584
736
653
214
189, 119
11,967
33, 181
3,117
4,028
1, 465, 481
28,909
59, 932
75, 993
31, 151
1,124
286, 999
11
5,935
25,604
2, 033, 432
5,291
80, 913
1,404
937
88, 545
3,291
26
3,317
22
2, 314, 435
Value
$583
179,311
562
709
628
206
181, 999
7,198
19, 958
1,875
2,422
881,443
17, 388
36, 047
45, 707
18, 736
676
172, 621
7
3,570
15, 400
1, 223, 048
1,592
42, 394
422
372
44,780
495
4
499
49
1, 450, 375
Exports
Class of dye and country of
destination
Alizarin dyes:
Norway...
Denmark.
Finland...
Total.
Aniline and other coal-tar
dyes:
Norway ,
Denmark ,
Finland
Netherlands..
Belgium
Other countries
Total.
Grand tatal.
Pounds
9
211
331
551
Value
$110
522
577
40, 510
17, 652
7,866
1,578
441
430
8,477
69, 028
1,209
44, 174
15,703
9,088
1,138
531
326
70, 960
72, 169
1 From official trade statistics of the Swedish Department of Commerce
exchange rate, 1924; 1 kroner =$0.2652.
Values converted at average
PART VII
APPENDIX
STATISTICS OF DOMESTIC IMPORTS
AND EXPORTS
203
STATISTICS OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS
Statistical Tables
Table 77. — Imports of coal-tar -products entered for consumption, calendar years
1922-1925
GROUP I. CRUDE (FREE)
Benzene, pounds.
Dead or creosote oil, gallons
Naphthalene, solidifying at less than 79°
C, pounds.
Coal tar, crude, barrels.
Pitch, coal tar, barrels
Toluene, pounds
Acenaphthene, fluorene, methylanthra-
cene, and methylnaphthalene, pounds..
Anthracene, purity less than 30 per cent,
pounds __
Anthracene oil, gallons
Cumene, cymene, pounds
Metacresol, orthocresol, and paracresol,
purity less than 90°, pounds
Pyridine, pounds
Xylene, pounds
All othen distillates n. s. p. f., which on
being subjected to distillation yield in
the portion distilling below 190° C. a
quantity of tar acids less than 5 per cent
of the original distillate, pounds
All other products found naturally in coal
tar, whether produced or obtained from
coal tar or other sources, n. s. p. f.,
pounds
Cresylic acid, pounds
Year
1923
Quantity Value
701, 857
64, 199, 636
20, 992, 439
10, 131
4,644
194, 660
23, 673
869, 780
31, 198
2
3,805
764, 918
136, 488
$21, 902
10,071,393
Quantity Value
363, 742 $12, 632
89, 687, 632 13, 463, 689
575,702 5,266,708
31,671 14,579
15, 154 2, 630
7,928
2,826
23,925
7,078
24
298, 022
18, 259
2,846 1,008
266,184 604,235
8,179
5,761,011 489,824
1,635,025 69,373
1,573,250 $44,313
84, 868, 568 10, 973, 491
96, 491
44, 586
7,765
8,759
3,863
454
268, 782
2,440,358 151,850
2, 865, 954
2, 327, 528
151,083
157,643
Quantity j Value
1, 979, 612
13, 452
1,948
73,400
470, 571
13, 156
499
5, 994, 803
1, 480, 792
2, 163, 557
26, 593
49, 877
8,361
2,642
7,582
1,888
135
788, 979! 394, 337
110,177 5,697
367, 672
21,029
122, 742
GROUP II (DUTIABLE AT 15 PER CENT AD VALOREM PLUS 2^, CENTS PER POUND;
DUTIABLE AT 55 PER CENT PLUS 7 CENTS PER POUND AFTER SEPTEMBER 21,
1922; DUTIABLE AT 40 PER CENT PLUS 7 CENTS PER POUND AFTER SEPTEMBER
21, 1924)
Article and year
Pounds
Value
Duty
Actual
and com-
puted ad
valorem
rate
Not colors, dyes, or stains, photographic chemicals,
medicinals, flavors, or explosives, n. s. p. f.:
Acids—
Arsanilic—
1923
223
$3,345
$1,856
55.47
1924
1925
1,092
100
100
10,920
365
410
4,444
57
233
40.70
Benzoic—
1922'
15.68
1923
56.71
1924
1925
1
!_.
I Act of 1916.
205
206
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 77. — Imports of coal-tar products entered for consumption., calendar years
1922-1925 — Continued
GROUP II (DUTIABLE AT 15 PER CENT AD VALOREM PLUS 2H CENTS PER POUND;
DUTIABLE AT 55 PER CENT PLUS 7 CENTS PER POUND AFTER SEPTEMBER 21,
1922; DUTIABLE AT 40 PER CENT PLUS 7 CENTS PER POUND AFTER SEPTEMBER
21, 1924)— Continued
Article and year
Pounds
Value
Duty
Actual
and com-
puted ad
valorem
rate
Not colors, dyes, or stains, photographic chemicals,
medieinals, flavors, or explosives, n. s. p. f.— Contd.
Acids— Continued.
Carbolic (phenol) which on being subjected to
distillation yields in the portion distilling be-
low 200° C. a quantity of tar acids equal to or
more than 5 per cent of the original distillate-
Crystal-
19221
280, 224
69,310
126, 618
176, 081
256, 126
1,702
145, 375
2,815
62, 869
378, 777
98, 672
112
$30,414
16, 102
21, 389
46,786
58, 958
1,801
18,488
257
15,169
29, 066
23, 618
389
$11, 568
13, 708
20,627
38, 058
41,512
313
20,345
338
12,744
38, 141
16,354
222
38.03
19222
85.13
1923 -
96.44
1924 -
81.34
1925 -
70.41
Liquid—
19221 -
17.36
1922 2
110. 04
1923 ---
131. 67
1924 3
84.01
1924* -.-
131. 22
1925
69.24
Cinnamic—
1923
57.02
1924 ---
1925 . - -.-
D ichlorophthalic—
1923
10
8
5
63.75
1924
1925 ....
Phenylglycine orthocarboxylic—
1923
17, 376
74, 492
42, 187
56.63
1924 - .-
1925 . .
Salicylic and salts of, not medicinal—
1922'
2,276
1,107
1,881
854
339
547
18.02
1923 .... -
64.07
1924
1925
1,757
16
521
19
331
12
63.61
Sulphanilic—
1923
60.89
1924
1925 . . . .
Aniline oil and salts —
19222 . .
55
30
11
220
10
123
90.00
1923 -
55.95
1924
1925 --
Anthracene, purity of 25 per cent or more—
19222
2
2
1
62.00
1923
1924 . . .
1925^
10
20
200
4
11
240
2
7
146
57.50
Benzaldehyde (not medicinal) and nitrobenzalde-
hyde—
19222
67.73
1923 ---
60.83
1924
1925
2,204
72
7
1,212
56
23
639
36
13
52.73
Benzidine, benzidine sulfate—
1922 2
64.00
1923
57.13
1924
1925
Beuzylchlori'le, benzalchloride, and benzoylchlo-
ride—
1922 2
29
10
10
22
8
13
75.30
1923.
58.18
1924
1925
' Act of 1916.
2 Act of 1922.
' Dimethylaniline.
< Purity of 30 per cent or more.
STATISTICAL TABLES
207
Table 77. — Imports of coal-tar products entered for consumption, calendar years
1922-1925 — Continued
GROUP II (DUTIABLE AT 15 PER CENT AD VALOREM PLUS 2X4 CENTS PER POUND;
DUTIABLE AT 55 PER CENT PLUS 7 CENTS PER POUND AFTER SEPTEMBER 21,
1922; DUTIABLE AT 40 PER CENT PLUS 7 CENTS PER POUND AFTER SEPTEMBER
21, 1924)— Continued
Article and year
Pounds
Value
Duty
Actual
and com-
puted ad
valorem
rate
Not colors, dyes, or stains, photographic chemicals,
medicinals, flavors, or explosives, n. s. p. f. — Contd.
Carbazole, purity of 25 per cent or more—
1922'
8,820
$3, 865
$800
20.70
1922 2
1923 - . . . .
1924
1925 5
2,073
23,565
828
3,828
476
1,163
57.53
Dimethylaniline and benzylethylaniline—
19221.3 _
30.39
1922 2 .
1923 .
1
2
1
58.50
1924 . .
1925
Diphenylamine —
1924 3 .. .._ _
11
23, 576
33
2,224
1,008
8,754
15, 326
1,000
34, 874
16
8,134
106
107
167
5,410
1,995
663
5,741
10
4,904
45
72
162
3,588
2,170
335
4,738
59.81
1924 *
60. 29
1925
42.18
Metacresol, orthocresol, and paracresol, purity of 90
per cent or more—
1922 1
66.96
1922 2 . ....
97.24
1923
66.33
1924 3
108. 78
1924 4.
50.56
1925
82.52
Methylanthraquinone —
1922
1923
1924
977
1,221
740
60.60
1925
Naphthalene soldifying at 79° C. or above —
75, 680
7,684
3,045
39.61
19222
9,605
4,549
194
1,147
779
949
401. 57
1924
82.76
Naphthol, alpha and beta not medicinal—
1922 ' . . .
658
799
136
17.06
1922 2 _
1923
13, 376
10, 976
4,310
29, 569
24,202
1,135
17, 199
14, 079
876
58. 17
1924
58.17
1925
61.02
Phenvlhydrazine —
1925
50
475
194
40.74
Resorcinol, not medicinal —
1922
12, 520
2,240
16,590
396
1,100
16, 976
3,360
22,392
935
1,575
10, 213
2,005
10, 118
542
707
60.16
1924
59.67
45.19
Thiocarbanihde—
1924<
67.96
1924 5
44.89
1925
Tolidine—
1923
5
6
4
00.83
1924.
1925 ..
11,223
328,601
22, 163
245, 119
901
662, 037
252, 382
2,071
33,784
9,128
30,328
1,491
47,889
15,441
1,614
13,283
6,572
33,839
883
65, 498
23, 843
77.93
All distillates n. s. p. f., which on distillation jield in the
portion distilling below 200° C. a quantity of tar acids
equal to or more than 5 per cent of the original dis-
tillate:
1922 1
39.32
1922 2. 3
72.00
1923 3
1924 3. 4
111.58
59.23
1924 3. 5....
136. 77
1925....
154. 41
' Act of 1916 2 Act of 1922.
< From Sept. 22 to Dec. 31, 1924.
3 From Jan. 1 to Sept. 21, 1924.
' Purity of 65 per cent or more.
208
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEE SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 77.-
-Imports of coal-tar -products entered for consumption, calendar years
1 922-1 9^ J— Continued
GROUP II (DUTIABLE AT 15 PER CENT AD VALOREM PLUS 2'^ CENTS PER POUND;
DUTIABLE AT 55 PER CENT PLUS 7 CENTS PER POUND AFTER SEPTEMBER 21,
1922; DUTIABLE AT 40 PER CENT PLUS 7 CENTS PER POUND AFTER SEPTEMBER
21, 1924)— Continued
Actual
Article and year
Pounds
Value
Duty
and com-
puted ad
valorem
rate
All distillates of coal, blast-furnaces, oil-gas, and water-
gas tar which on being subject to distillation below
215° C. yield a quantity of tar acids equal to or more
than 75 per cent of the original distillate:
1922 2
18, 257
$4, 102
$3, 534
86.16
1923
195, 757
36, 382
33, 713
92.66
1924 <
144, 971
21, 046
21,723
103. 22
1924 6
233, 495
17, 798
23,464
131.83
1925 -..
135, 833
29, 014
21, 114
72.77
All similar products, obtained, derived, or manufac-
tured in whole or in part from the products provided
for in Group I (free):
1922' --.
389, 708
153, 625
32, 786
21 ■:
1922 2 __
187, 377
1, 436, 982
61,967
330, 514
47, 198
282, 371
76. :
1923
85.
1924 ' - --
2, 104, 299
158, 766
1, 901, 203
475, 136
73, 973
963, 925
408, 626
40, 703
518, 654
86. UO
1924 < .-
55.02
1925
53.81
All sulfoacids or sulfoacid salts of Group II:
1922'
11,374
12,058
2,093
17.36
1923 .
1924 -
1925
GROUP III (DUTIABLE AT 30 PER CENT AD VALOREM; DUTIABLE AT 60 PER CENT
AD VALOREM PLUS 7 CENTS PER POUND AFTER SEPTEMBER 21, 1922; DUTIABLE
AT 45 PER CENT AD VALOREM PLUS 7 CENTS PER POUND AFTER SEPTEMBER
21, 1924)
When obtained, derived, or manufactured in whole or in
part from any of the products provided for in Group I
(free) or II, including natural indigo and their deriva-
tives:
Alizarin, natural—
1922'-.
28, 399
1,547
9,283
6, 665
5,137
21, 614
1,836
3,002
$63, 304
3, 094
18, 600
9,335
13, 243
22, 190
3,699
12, 008
$18,991
1, 965
11,810
6,068
6,319
666
2,348
5,614
30.00
1922 2
63.50
1923
63.49
1924.
65.00
1925
47.72
Alizarin, synthetic—
19221 _
30.00
1923 ^
1924 . .."
63.47
46.75
1925
Dyes obtained, derived, or manufactured from
alizarin —
1922'
293, 005
79, 542
56, 294
274, 799
68, 762
4,671
27, 391
330. 129
27, 535
17, 697
7,319
1,043
55
468, 134
62, 986
82, 981
379, 673
98, 693
4,830
52, 769
605, 187
63, 102
26, 002
8, 126
863
490
140, 440
27, 077
53. 729
247, 040
64, 029
2,500
25, 663
181, 556
20, 032
16, 840
5,388
591
224
30.00
Colors, or color lakes obtained, derived, or manufac-
tured from alizarin—
1922 ■ .. ..
35.05
Colors, dyes, stains, etc., obtained, derived, or
manufactured from alizarin—
1922 2 _
64.75
1923
65.07
1924 3 _
64.88
1924 *
51.77
1925
48.63
Dyes obtained, derived, or manufactured from an-
thracene and carbazole —
1922'
30.00
Colors, or color lakes obtained, derived, or manufac-
tured from anthracene and carbazole —
1922'
31.75
Colors, dyes, obtained, derived, or manufactured
from anthracene or carbazole —
1922 2.
64.76
1923 _
66.30
1924 3
68.46
1924<
45.79
1925
' Act of 1916.
2 Act of 1922.
3 At 190° C. instead of 200° 0.
« From Jan. 1 to Sept. 21, 1924.
5 From Sept. 22 to Dec. 31. '924.
STATISTICAL TABLES
209
Table 77.
-Imports of coal-tar products entered for consumption, calendar years
1 922-1 926 — Continued
GROUP III (DUTIABLE AT 30 PER CENT AD VALOREM; DUTIABLE AT 60 PER CENT
AD VALOREM PLUS 7 CENTS PER POUND AFTER SEPTEMBER 21, 1922; DUTIABLE
AT 45 PER CENT AD VALOREM PLUS 7 CENTS PER POUND AFTER SEPTEMBER 21,
1924)— Continued
Article and year
Pounds
Value
Duty
Actual
and com-
puted ad
valorem
rate
When obtained, derived, or manufactured in whole
or in part from any of the products provided for in
Group I (free) or II, including natural indigo and
their derivatives—Continued.
Indigoids, whether or not obtained from indigo—
19221 ..
184, 886
$267, 059
$80, 118
30.00
1923
1924
1925
4,641
14, 461
5,079
19, 074
2,610
5,722
51 40
Indigo, natural—
1922' -
30.00
1922 2
1923
9,102
3,863
• 4, 149
741
3,427
715
73.70
1924
96.49
1925
Indigo, synthetic —
19221...
86, 585
123, 702
37, 111
30.00
1922 2
1923
356
1,076
1,040
872
13, 864
220
4,641
2, 077, 712
677, 849
3, 059, 361
1, 905. 219
1, 357, 133
5, 606, 827
239
4,263
1,124
2,906
900
762
1,756
3.183
8,169
587
1,537
3,287
8,183
10, 182
2,868
781
9,889
58
13
50
25
200
100
1
117
482
466
1,482
18, 636
544
5,079
2,941.773
894, 844
4, 154, 091
2, 320, 712
1. 865, 036
6, 762, 764
262
3,635
2,270
1,521
881
1,404
2,094
10,512
2,568
1,615
889
4,465
8,208
28, 504
9,612
2,272
31, 623
82
26
112
238
720
300
7
95
292
282
950
12, 152
342
2,610
965, 640
584, 356
2, 706, 610
1. 525, 793
934, 266
3, 435, 722
174
2,479
1,441
888
459
452
1,379
6,530
2,113
768
508
1,471
5,498
17, 815
5,968
1,077
14,923
53
17
54
145
338
142
4
81.30
1924 . . ..
60.63
1925
60.62
Colors, dyes, stains, etc., derived from indigo—
1922 2
64.11
1923
65.21
1924
62.83
1925
51.40
All other colors, dyes, or stains, whether soluble or
not in water, color acids, color bases, or color
lakes—
19221 __
32.83
19222..
65.30
1923
65. 16
1924 3 _ ___ _.
65.75
1924 <
50.09
1925
50.80
Color lakes—
19222
66.38
1923
68.21
1924 3
63 47
1924*
58. 37
1925
52.15
Resinlike products prepared from articles provided
for in pars. 27 and 1549 —
1922 1
32.17
1922 2 _ . . . ..
65.87
1923
62. 12
19243
82.27
1924 <
47.54
1925
57.10
Photographic chemicals—
1922 1
' 32. 94
1922 2.
66 98
1923 ....
62 50
1924 3 _ _
62.09
1924 «
47.41
1925
47.19
Coal-tar medicinals:
Acetanilid— ^
1923
64.95
1924
63.50
48.12
Acetphenetidin—
1923
60.74
1924
46.94
1925
47.33
Acetylsalicylic acid—
1923...
61.00
1924
1925
1 Act of 1916.
2 Act of 1922.
3 From Jan. 1 to Sept. 21, 1924.
< From Sept. 22 to Dec. 31, 1924.
210
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 77. — Imports of coal-tar products entered for consumption, calendar years
1932-1925— Continued
GROUP III (DUTIABLE AT 30 PER CENT AD VALOREM; DUTIABLE AT 60 PER CENT
AD VALOREM PLUS 7 CENTS PER POUND AFTER SEPTEMBER 21, 1922; DUTIABLE
AT 45 PER CENT AD VALOREM PLUS 7 CENTS PER POUND AFTER SEPTEMBER 21,
1924)— Continued
Article and year
Pounds
Value
Duty
Actual
and com-
puted ad
valorem
rate
Coal-tar medicinals— Continued.
Antipyrene—
1922 1
12,604
913
14, 250
3,080
3,920
12,540
5
85
77
571
2,780
$18, 468
1,740
20, 602
3,650
4,715
12, 107
211
7,136
6,790
914
4,059
i $4, 617
' 1, 108
13, 359
2,406
2,396
6,326
127
3,217
3, 061
588
2,630
25.00
1922 2
63.68
1923
64. 8»
1924 3
65.91
1924 <
50.82
1925 ---
52.25
Arsphenamine (salvarsan) and neo-arsphenamine —
1923-.
60.17
1924
45.08
1925
45.08
Benzaldehyde—
1922
64.38
1923
64. 80
1924
1925 .♦
1,924
111
100
551
1.102
269
5
2,308
168
72
364
992
470
210
1,173
109
39
202
672
230
126
50.84
Benzoic acid, medicinal—
1924 * ...
64.63
1924 6
54.72
1925
55.60
b-Naphthol, medicinal^
1924..
67.78
1925
49.01
Novocain or procaine —
1923
60.17
1924
1925
5
64
1,487
2,931
220
1,146
7,840
6,701
40
4
330
237
610
36
8,877
10, 891
2.646
1,763
9,800
9,124
81
55
324
1,620
154, 620
24, 410
164, 238
115, 937
89, 953
169, 365
90
13
33
15
14
275
9
5,430
6,740
1,206
874
4,959
4.575
51
33
169
746
46, 386
15, 202
101, 576
71, 190
43, 652
79, 521
56
9
15
1
8
45.06
Phenolphthalein (25 per cent)—
1922 1...
25.00
1922 2..
61.17
1923
61.88
1924
45.58
1925 . ..
49.55
Resorcinol, medicinal—
1924
50.60
1925
50. 14
Salicylic acid and its salts, medicinal—
1923.
63 46
1924 <
60 51
1924«....
52 13
1925..
46 02
Medicinals—
1922'.-.
30.00
1922 2.3 _
7,937
43, 325
23, 257
45, 333
47, 238
31
11
2
1
1
62.27
1923 3
61.85
1924 3,4...
61.40
1924 3,5
48.53
1925
46 95
Flavors —
1923
62.41
1924
65 92
1925...
45.42
Saccharin—
1922 1
4 33
1922 2.
60 50
1923
1924.
51
17
11
66 00
1925
Explosives: Picric acid—
1923
1,980
3,929
2,496
63 53
1924
1925
1
Ink powder «—
1923
201
18
100
1,412
1,643
1,010
308
6
172
2,162
3,926
2.079
203 !
5 !
84
1,396
2,471
1,006
65 93
1924
81.00
1925
49.07
Synthetic tanning material—
1923
64 57
1924.
62 93
1925
48.40
* From Jan. 1 to Sept. 21, 1924.
' Act of 1916. 2 Act of 1922. 3 other coal-tar medicinals.
' From Sept. 22 to Dec. 31, 1924.
» Imports for coal-tar ink powder first separately reported for 1923. In the Commission's
1923, on page 194, were published the imports from 1918 to 1923, of "Ink and ink powders,"
ink," " Writing and copying inks," and "All other, including ink powders," and also exports of
ink," and "All other inks."
Census of
" Printers'
''Printers'
STATISTICAL TABLES
211
Table 78. — General imports of coal-tar products, by countries, calendar years
1922-1925
DEAD OR CREOSOTE OIL (FREE)
1922
1923
1924
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
United Kingdom
Gallons
22, 383, 535
14, 471, 820
2, 406, 364
1, 537, 376
768, 442
$2, 235, 686
1, 528, 941
193, 804
184, 485
97, 533
Gallow
42, 352, 723
9, 277, 700
3, 094, 709
8, 478, 364
996, 140
$6, 897, 368
1, 422, 521
470, 337
1, 153, 750
127, 417
Gallons
59, 594, 877
10, 324, 675
6, 634, 494
11,064,665
2, 069, 073
$8, 992, 571
Netherlands
1, 611, 622
Uermany -. .-
828, 528
Belgium. .. _ .
1, 744, 817
286, 151
Total
41, 567, 637
4, 240, 449
64, 199, 636
10, 071, 393
89, 687, 784
13, 463, 688
Imported from—
1925
Quantity
Value
TInit,p(i Kingdom
Gallons
36, 649, 854
30, 325, 455
4, 200, 382
10, 017, 631
2, 505, 192
355, 557
914, 497
$4, 692, 650
Netherlands . ...
3 973,994
Germany . . . .. .
512, 835
Bplgiiim
1, 317, 161
France . . ..
303, 843
Mexico - .. - --
55, 794
117, 214
Total
84, 868, 568
10, 973, 491
BENZOL OR BENZENE
Imported from—
1922
1923
1924 1
1925 1
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Canada . . .
Pounds
172, 108
420
$1, 167
66
Pounds
700, 157
944
$21, 732
185
Pounds
362, 640
1,102
$12, 432
200
Pounds
735, 403
44
911, 123
80
$23, 636
Germany
13
23,298
All other countries'
800
20
8
Total
172, 528
1,223
701, 901
21,937
363, 742
12, 632
1, 646, 650
46, 965
' Includes toluene. ' From New Zealand.
NAPHTHALENE
Imported from —
1922
1923
1924
1925
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
United Kingdom...
Belgium
Pounds
2, 488, 716
$38, 619
Pounds
16, 991, 359
501, 508
395, 107
1, 872, 457
1, 276, 027
$408, 584
9,789
6,591
122, 831
30, 768
Pounds
2, 707, 419
281,834
$56, 963
5,238
Pounds
28,104
$478
Canada..
532, 935
11, 316
110,365
1,000
12,823
446
2,047
94
102, 840
1, 848, 668
755
Germany
2, 112, 049
165, 406
31, 146
3,144
25,360
Netherlands
All other countries.
Total
3, 144, 332
54,029
21, 036, 458
578, 563
5, 266, 708
96, 491
1, 979, 612
26,593
212
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 78. — General imports of coal-far products, by countries, calendar years
1922-1925 — Continued
PYRIDINE (FREE)
Imported from-
1924 t
Quantity Value
Belgium
France
Germany..
Netherlands-
United Kingdom-
Canada
Panama
All other countries-
Total.
608,980
'ounds
24,075
$9, 410
14, 215
7,018
87,269
33, 382
22, 576
10, 279
452,611
203, 743
4,841
3,208
1,148
447
2,245
1,295
268, 782
1925
Quantity Value
Pounds
24, 551
25, 077
90. 347
19,009
626. 313
3,780
789, 077
$11,216
11, 435
47, 571
11,484
310,290
2,341
394,337
J Included in "all other crudes" prior to 1924.
TAR AND PITCH OF COAL
Imported from—
1922
1923
1924
1925
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
United Kingdom
Canada..
Barrels
j 162
\ 100
24, 563
$1, 241
956
56. 229
Barrels
} 72
14,406
$365
44, 184
Barrels
1 21
\ 282
16,563
$197
1,295
48, 427
Barrels
\ 770
9,875
4,453
302
$3,654
29, 739
Mexico
23,167
All other countries...
.28 91
297
2,276
343
2,432
1,678
Total . ..
24,853 1 58. .517
14, 775
46, 825
17,209
52, 351
15,400
58,238
TOLUOL OR TOLUENE »
Imported from—
1922
1923
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Canada..
Pounds
143, 900
337
$6,044
17
Pounds
194, 660
$7,928
Sweden
'
Total
144, 237
6,061
194,660
7,928
1 Included with benzol in 1924 and 1925.
ALL OTHER CRUDES
Imported from—
1922
1923
1924
1925
France
$308, 895
f 54,943
\ 1, 570
8,199
6,373
142
$929
684, 774
65, 102
14,010
18, 873
6,370
$2,160
United Kingdom
$373, 252
73, 720
7,326
2,840
\ 472, 537
16,362
Canada
Germany _ _ ....
23,595
Netherlands.-
Mexico. .
11,482
All other countries
17,583
14, 592
5
Total. -
380, 122
807,641
471, 730
526, 141
STATISTICAL TABLES
213
Table 78. — General imports of coal-tar products, by countries, calendar years
1922-1925— Continued
CARBOLIC ACID
Imported from—
1922 1
1923 1
1924 »
1925 J
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
England
Pounds
610, 789
62, 715
11,098
1,702
$87, 325
12, 258
898
1,801
Pounds
61,541
$14, 715
Pounds
Pounds
Netherlands.
Germany-
20
37
All other countries
Total.-
686, 304
102, 282
61, 561
14, 762
• Dutiable. * Not reported separately in 1924 and 1925.
ALL OTHER ACIDS
Imported from—
1922
1923
1924'
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
England
Pounds
60, 471
$5,228
Pounds
100
223
1,125
17,496
$410
3,345
877
174,885
Pounds
250, 257
$64, 817
France.
Germany . .
4,445
8,943
2,394
9,939
All other countries..
' 45, 024
12, 606
Total.
73, 859
17, 561
18, 944
79, 517
295, 281
77,423
1 All other composed of 17,376 pounds, valued at $74,492, from Switzerland and 110 pounds, valued at
$385, from Canada.
2 All from Scotland.
3 1924 includes carbolic acid.
COAL-TAR ACIDS
Imported from-
England
Netherlands
France
Germany
All other countries
Total-
ALL OTHER INTERMEDIATES
1925
Quantity
336, 809
Value
Pounds
199, 743
$46, 708
40,098
8,709
1,533
11,520
93, 678
25, 622
1,757
521
93,080
Imported from—
1922
1923
1924
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
France
Pounds
45, 666
514, 437
83,998
669, 475
62, 261
400
329
$31, 180
83,397
18,898
124,632
43, 856
39
308
Pounds
30, 174
128, 707
295, 939
1, 700, 550
284
60
48,022
1394,545
$45,070
115,513
59, 276
236, 069
1,758
31
8,166
1 47, 809
Pounds '
7,227
1,964,349
373,004
1,421,393
5,490
$8, 937
Germany
507, 224
Netherlands
93, 359
England
102, 682
Switzerland-..
7,437
Japan
Canada
40,356
9,978
All other countries..
Total. .
1, 376, 566
302,310
2, 598, 281
513, 692
3,811,819
729, 617
1 All other includes 394,487 pounds, valued at $47,752, from Scotland.
214
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHEB SYNTHETIC CHEMICAI^
Table 78. — General imports of coal-tar products, by countries, calendar years
1922-1935— Continued
OTHER COAL-TAR INTERMEDIATES
Imported from—
1925
Quantity
Value
France .
Pounds
48, 976
480, 600
1,165,293
523, 335
21, 494
141
725
$45, 382
465, 690
414, 259
United Kingdom . ..._..
40, 447
Switzerland .
37,391
Canada
54
1,569
Total
2,240,564
1, 004, 792
ALIZARIN AND DERIVATIVES
1922
1923
1924
1925
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Belgium
Pour^s
1,232
1,560
7,379
323, 239
46,340
47, 791
28, 672
22, 758
887
$2, 359
2,240
10, 137
498, 548
57, 686
61,043
41,670
28,002
249
Pounds
275
$457
Pounds
5,958
$8, 802
Pounds
9,246
$19,437
France
13, 206
139, 144
24, 046
11,219
73, 561
17,792
2,813
8,074
24, 630
167, 728
38, 190
16, 024
124, 831
18, 165
4,422
9,165
1,927
90, 619
4,189
3,172
30, 126
15, 593
25
2,750
117,816
7,405
5,994
58,343
13,086
198
220
11,304
864
233
Germany. ..
852
Italy
2,133
13,069
11,996
880
4
40, 620
United Kingdom
Canada
9,101
2,250
209
Total
479, 858
701, 934
290, 130
403, 612
151, 609
214,394
47, 583
74, 635
ANTHRACENE AND CARBAZOLE COLORS AND DYES
Imported from — •
1922 1
1923
1924 2
1925 »
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Germany....
Pounds
11,900
5,797
$23, 128
2,874
Pounds
4,434
$4,692
Pounds
Pounds
Italy
3,885
4,284
Total
17, 697
26,002
8,319
8,976
COLOR LAKES
16
223
$23
239
88
2,175
2,000
$162
2,710
763
Total
239
262
4,263
3,635
1 Beginning Sept. 22, 1922.
' No report.
•STATISTICAL TABLES
215
Table 78. — General imports of coal-tar products, by countries, calendar years
1922-1925 — Continued
INDIGO
(DUTIABLE)
1922
1923
1924
192.5
Imported from—
Natural
Synthetic
i
Natural Synthetic
Indigo and
derivatives
Indigo and
derivatives
Quan-
tity
Value
Quan-
tity
Value
Quan-
tity
t
Value^Q'ff^- lvalue
1
Quan-
tity
value Q--
Value
1
Pminds
Switzerland 6,501
$9,482
2,904
Pounds
63, 355
2,000
$84,553
818
Pounds
\ Pounds'
Pounds
Pounds
1,465
$1. 657
England 4,413
9,378
900
$4,624! . .
5, 979!$1. 689
Salvador. . .
450i _ _ -
France .....
5,324
610
929
13, 920
1,756
401
220
220
1671 439| 391
Germany i 1,536
1,462
544 1
Italy .
275
$341
1117
1,232 1,610
All other countries.. - -
195
142 1 356
Total
! " 1
12,45013,848
72,218
101,448 10,473
5, 216 631
458
6,419! 2,400| 3,136] 3,658
1 ! 1
From China.
INDIGO, DYES, COLORS, STAINS, ETC. (DUTIABLE) i
Imported from—
1922*
1923
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
France
Pounds
Pounds
2,522
1,860
5,411
2,206
1,810
$2,614
Germany .._
100
772
$752
730
2,676
Italv . . ...
7,035
Switzerland
2,548
All other countries
3,301
Total -.
872
1,482
13,809
18, 174
I No report for 1924 or 1925. ' Sept. 22 to Dec. 31.
COAL-TAR COLORS OR DYES (DUTIABLE)
Imported from —
1922 >
Quantity j Value
Pounds
Belgium \ 1,941
France. -- 36,163
Germany ! 1,138,951
Switzerland i 1,109,301
England- | 165,683
All other countries.. 101, 537
16, 038
1, 662, 608
1, 809, 778
139, 577
133, 991
1922 «• '
Quantity Value
Pounds
15, 111
2fi6, 255
295, 470
31, 374
130, 149
$17, 523
344. ,569
390, 457
27,812
226,563
Total I 2,553,576 3,762,841
738,359 1,006,924
Imported from —
Belgium
France.-
Germany
Switzerland
England
All other countries.
Total.
1923
Quantity Value Quantity
Pounds
17,269
209, 865
1, 580, 403
857, 466
106, 704
« 480, 733
$33, 667
347, 596
1,945,814
1,331,075
104, 965
< 661, 194
Pounds
45, 063
124, 958
1, 652, 784
1,118,215
104, 113
388, 813
Value
$55, 488
183, 526
2, 079, 059
1, 523, 829
98,427
519, 127
3,252,440 4,424,311 I 3,433,946
4, 459, 456
' Jan. 1 to Sept. 21.
* Title changed to: Colors, dyes, stains, color acids, and color bases, n. e. s. in Act of 1922.
•Sept. 22 to Dec. 31.
• Includes 34B,526 lbs. valued at $490,717 from Italy.
591&— 26t-
-15
216
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 78. — General imports of coal-tar products, by countries, calendar years
1922-1926 — Continued
Imported from—
1925
Quantity
Value
Belgium.
France.
Germany. -J
Switzerland
United Kingdom..
Italy
Netherlands
Canada
All other countries
Total
Pounds
109, 640
$180, 416
118,321
166, 275
2,932,216
3, 757, 846
1,970,951
2, 260, 165
170,443
144, 621
202, 752
245, 859
166,065
241, 552
111,845
165, 659
96
284
5, 782, 329
7, 162, 677
COAL-TAR MEDICINALS'
1922*
Imported from —
Value
France
Oermany
Italy
Netherlands.
Switzerland
United Kingdom..
All other countries
Total...
$20, 089
74, 983
16, 953
25, 462
35, 473
31,701
4,009
208, 670
1923
Quantity Value
Pounds
23, 117
22, 087
310
3,611
12, 802
4,707
1,494
68,128
$59, 600
52, 766
1,593
46, 024
36,113
13, 579
2,580
212, 255
1924
Quantity Value
Pounds
31,868
10, 092
271
1,652
41,351
3,112
3,857
92, 203
$63, 310
33, 416
1,214
78, 755
60, 477
11,473
7,330
255, 975
1925
Quantity Value
Pounds
67,545
26, 867
84
1,310
8,095
3,681
307
107,889
$106, 786
58, 618
1,406
67, 674
9,779
8,532
554
253, 349
' "Medicinal preparations, n. e. s.," to and including Sept. 21, 1922.
» Sept. 22 to Dec. 31.
EXPLOSIVES, 19221
Quantity
Value
Italy -
Pounds
5,470
$6, 843
> None reported for 1923, 1924, or 1925.
ALL OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS
Imported from —
1922
1923
1924
1925
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
$430
16, 658
715
2,157
1
Pounds
1,110
9,821
2,372
383
3,241
$11,459
27, 856
8,778
973
6,731
Pounds
394
9,871
928
178
709
$1,506
7,971
2,411
217
1,979
Pounds
619
11,145
$1,993
34,786
1,815
20
2,130
All other countries
13
Total
19,961
16, 927
54,797
12, 080
14,084
13, 599
38,922
STATISTICAL TABLES
217
Table 79. — Domestic exports of coal tar and of dyes and dyestuffs, calendar years
1922-1926
COAL TAR
Exported to-
1922
1923 >
1924 1
19251
Quantity
Value
Quail tity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Barrels
46
101, 396
580
63
57
8
$392
209, 631
3,142
545
245
100
Barrels
348, 105
149, 161
844
28
13
15,683
$1, 299, 631
337, 501
5,677
278
161
51, 346
Barrels
163, 825
79, 767
986
88
108
24,241
$666, 106
236, 117
8,374
1,016
2,247
162, 343
Barrels
697
105, 908
1,961
48
169
12
$7,480
North America
South America
Asia..
299, 893
16, 249
543
Oceania
2,650
Africa .
110
Total
102, 150
214, 055
513, 834
1, 694, 494
269, 015
1, 076, 203
2 108, 795
326,925
1 Crude tar and pitch.
> The bulk of this trade is crude coal tar exported to North America.
COAL-TAR DISTILLATES— BENZOL
1922
1923
1924
1925
Exported to —
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
France
Pounds
20, 158, 912 $738. 078
Pounds
25, 932, 540
80, 899, 171
80, 725
14, 137
740, 496
92, 006
23,240
749
44,777
3, 508, 927
$975, 152
2, 415, 199
3, 586
1,021
52, 230
4,928
2,066
80
1,629
191, 769
Pounds
25, 160, 724
31, 206, 248
33, 221
61, 993
759, 301
171, 956
$690, 683
936, 044
1,730
5, 527
51, 254
9,903
Pounds
24, 982, 548
32. 887, 985
120, 817
22, 379
475, 212
179, 875
13,424
$834, 180
United Kingdom
Canada..
39, 649, 410
2, 045, 994
13, 405
445, 136
156, 251
86, 350
17. 312
1, 529, 483
638, 149
1, 390, 924
69,984
1,048
27, 464
9,521
7,067
1,500
68, 935
48, 300
852, 628
6,734
Mexico
1,574
Argentina.. .
29,616
Chile
9,605
Australia
788
2,418
260
Algeria and Tunis
All other countries...
496, 310
44, 436
207, 922
12,909
Total
64, 740, 402
2, 362, 821
111,336,768
3, 647, 660
57, 882, 171
1, 739, 837
58, 890, 162
1,748,034
OTHER CRUDE DISTILLATES
Exported to —
19221
19231
1924
1925
France
Value
$995
12, 849
51,718
15,454
13, 691
29,738
2,561
3,644
Value
$91
Value
Value
$5, 183
Canada . . .. . ..
109, 770
20, 797
19, 102
16. 569
37, 675
10, 316
8,027
$163, 559
16, 794
37, 383
3.820
66,544
10, 083
8,498
233, 040
Honduras.. .
948
Mexico
58, 045
Brazil
619
Cuba.- .. .
60, 082
Japan
9,638
United Kingdom
77, 996
Chile . ...
75, 938
Nicaragua
47, 848
A.11 other countries
24,333
79, 355
147. 705
71,260
Total.- .
154, 983
301, 702
454,386
640, 597
1 Includes toluol and solvent naphtha.
21S
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 79.— Domestic exports of coal tar and of dyes and dyestuffs, calendar years
1 9S2-1 925— Cout'mued «
CARBOLIC ACID
1922
1923
1924
1925 3
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Pounds
15, 306
50, 096
7,009
91, 073
44,211
15, 451
$1, 143
4,040
694
9,100
4,563
3,683
Pounds
2,808
$344
Pounds
1,461
17, 706
7,539
$93
1,716
711
Pounds
9, 545 1, 039
8, 195 1, 461
67, 250 17, 226
Cuba
KwangtuDg (leased territory).
145,032 114,259
2 24,658
5,496
Total
223, 146
23, 223
232, 830 : 34. 389
61, 364
. 8,016
1
1 Includes 130.049 pounds, valued at $11,106, to Panama.
2 Includes 8,563 pounds, valued at $2,116, to Panama.
' Included in "Other intermediates.'
ANILINE OILS AND SALTS
1922
1923
1924
1925
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Spain
Canada
Mexico
Pounds
10, 000
211. 010
26, 895
29, 302
$1, 450
40, 919
3, 575
7 oon
Pounds
Pounds
Pounds
288, 043
22, 196
27. 885
110 777
2,122
33, 134
$57, 307
5. 675
4,693
17, 384
321
6,279
160, 756
5,538
$41, 838
2,117
229, 230
114,747
$46, 836
21, 236
.Tapan.-
30, 600 6. 120
17, 597 2 993
165, 242
40, 280
312, 609
18,449
99, 587
22, 000
7,109
49, 591
3,761
Australia
9,012
1,610
36, 900
9,403
19, 195
9,900
All other countries
6,804
1,945
13, 300
3,364
7,023
7,799
3,103
Total
341, 220
65, 602
497, 457
95,023
375, 459
101, 437
803, 731
153, 622
NAPHTHALENE
1922
1923
1924
1925 »
Exported to—
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Pounds
6,000
17, 542
11, 558
21, 127
11, 853
14, 610
8,388
18, 428
$1, 600
297
1,044
1,201
770
4,329
739
2,674
Pounds
Pounds
Pounds
10, 554
7.247
25. 500
10, 294
12. 529
3,220
25, 820
$798
1,322
1,907
672
3,045
406
2,236
25,004
7,686
1,464
274
10, 058
1,860
65, 850
$855
596
128
21
3,520
72
'8,025
Cuba
Total - - .
109, 514
12, 657
95, 164
10, 386
112, 196
13, 217
> Includes 44,850 pounds, valued at $6,279, to Spain. ' Included in "Other intermediates. "
NITROBEMZOLi
Exported to —
1922
1923
1924
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Pounds
26, 880
5, 682
3,203
3, 040
2,147
2.028
$2, 957
683
399
608
312
337
Pounds
Pounds
Cuba
1
42, 980
5,296
1
Included in "Other intermediates" for 1923. 1924, and 1925.
STATISTICAL TABLES
219
Table 79. — Domestic exports of coal tar and of dyes and dycstuffs, calendar years
1922-1925 — Continued
OTHER INTERMEDIATES
Exported to —
1922
1923
1924
1925
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Quantity
Value
Pounds
28, 463
65, 438
5,054
172, 186
77,642
10, 199
42, 618
12, 192
314, 774
$7, 2S0
13,834
1,500
33, 695
3,481
1,636
8, 275
1,823
65, 047
Pounds
9,503
88, 868
9,384
149, 740
130, 564
8,684
181,361
100
89, 336
256, 373
17, 600
$2. 225
15, 088
4,311
22. 578
13, 258
1,007
34, 457
9
18, 802
51. 407
8,103
Pounds
23, 065
45, 818
2,024
58, 971
177, 290
21, 949
200, 526
200
15, 200
505, 914
26, 170
.$4, 060
7,423
1,814
23,641
14, 395
4, 546
35,847
32
4,634
74, 071
5,821
Pounds
2,925
7,730
1,100
125, 385
271, 871
46, 886
340, 667
400
380
594, 061
38, 467
43,111
157, 840
96, 644
$760
Spain - _ ..
2,101
Switzerland
990
Canada
44, 035
Mexico
33, 383
Cuba
5,407
Brazil..
45, 708
Chile -
160
China
22
Japan
54. 888
12.910
97, 934
Australia -..
20,050 11.844
6. 102
Franre.
30, 000
Netherlands
24,356
All other countries --
31, 630
6,277
276, 670
71,815
1 480, 302
64,129
26, 564
Total.
835,134 167,602
1, 218, 183
243, 060
1, 557, 429
240, 413
1, 727, 467
317, 522
Includes 409,880 pounds, valued at $28,550, to Russia in Europe.
OTHER COLORS, DYES, AND STAINS
Exported to-
Belgiiun ,
France
Greece-
Italy
Netherlands
Portugal.-
Spain
United Kingdom
Canada
Mexico
Cuba
South America
British India
China
Japan
Philippine Islands...
Australia
New Zealand
British South Africa.
Russia in Europe
All other countries..
Total.
1922
Quantity Value
Pounds
107,712
12, 100
16,830
25, 702
16, 915
24. 973
87, 566
16, 139
1,861.255
159, 857
39,344
425, 551
753, 425
3, 588, 563
959, 409
33,584
58, 665
36, 680
28,542
71, 397
8, 324, 209
$76,
11,
8,
51,
2,
10.
42,
5,
1, 108,
87,
27,
323,
311,
924.
844,
8,
31,
21,
31,
19231
Quantity
Value
50, 669
3, 981, 217
Pounds
321,888
15, 068
2, 895
104
6, 667!
1, 155]
ll,598i
32, 492!
1, 616, 949|
155, 302i
63,832
490, 619
899, 989
11.448, 849
2, 463, 083
63,906
37, 227
55, 147
23,538
214, 228
$111,727
6,340
1,1 '
129
5,855
497
12,500
16, 68'
927, 420
78, 536
38, 365
352, 265
349, 614
2, 431. 421
1, 035, 865
23,234
29, 59
26, 313
18, 335
99,063
17,924,536 5,565,371
Quantity
Pounds
166, 988
],137
3,294
2,344
10, 945
4,209
10, 329
2 10, 616
1, 256, 284
193. 394
39,711
508, 623
408. 395
9, 604, 760
3,217,514
56, 205
50, 823
27, 036
17, 106
123, 378
Value
740,
87,
37,
345,
216,
2, 227,
1, 703,
33,
42,
15,
10,
,322
704
,964
,069
,647
,650
,643
738
903
376
305
838
320
943
831
185
862
1925 »
Quantity
66, 730
Pounds
C80, 670
1,909
1,577
11,607
32, 646
4,825
17.888
6,943
1, 475, 856
304. 850
65, 321
434. 122
1, 886, 165
18, 303, 513
2,126,971
101, 003
33, 356
18, 582
24, 255
72, 861
194, 969
15,713,091 5,635,064 25,799,889 6,694,360
Value
$200, 116
3,057
725
7,255
4,795
2,048
9,194
10, 087
726, 935
150, 104
57,943
266, 265
667, 483
3, 299, 798
1, 062, 613
35, 681
30,112
11,117
15,945
67,895
75, 192
> Includes color lakes.
COLOR LAKES, 1922 i
' England.
Quantity
Value
Canada
Pounds
16,900
7,616
100
1,000
135
2,440
$14, 627
Cuba
1,028
Peru . . . .
30
China-
800
Hongkong
86
Japan
3,298
All^other countries
Total
28, 228
19, 928
Figures for 1923, 1924, and 1925 included in "Other colors, dyes, and stains.'
220
CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Table 79. — Domestic exports of coal tar and of dyes and dyestuffs, calendar years
1922-1926 — Continued
MEDICINALS
1922
1923
1924
1925
Exported to—
Quan-
tity
Value
Quan-
tity
Value
Quan-
tity
Value
Quan-
tity
Value
Belgium
Pounds
3,040
3,300
297,223
80, 540
55, 874
5,916
37, 829
11,375
3,148
3,330
27, 575
4,848
20, 168
$450
850
80,954
31, 709
13,001
3,091
30, 476
16,122
1,796
3,107
21, 135
3,863
17, 992
Pounds
Pounds
965
$1,320
Pounds
765
100
$1,090
Greece.
139
Turkey in Europe
United Kingdom...
74, 169
10, 926
5,515
33, 999
3,147
5,141
2,667
11,346
931
90,134
$49, 301
8,617
5, 039
30, 840
3,681
3,355
1,458
5,653
988
55,228
31,641
48,119
9,378
92, 097
5,938
1,768
24
16, 787
2,064
79, 624
25,275
31,553
8,728
133, 541
7,825
4,966
121
13, 861
1,426
93, 160
409, 492
22,512
3,345
78, 195
13,258
3,779
13,617
80,948
579
101, 500
139, 162
Canada ... .
26,127
Honduras
3,863
Mexico
105, 478
Cuba.
12,480
Venezuela
6,742
7,835
29, 421
British India
Australia.
British South Africa
All other countries '.
715
114,091
Total
554, 166
224, 546
237, 975
164, 160
288, 405
321, 766
728,090
447,143
> All other countries include shipments to China, New Zealand, Philippine Islands, Chile, Japan, etc.
SYNTHETIC PHENOLIC RESINS i
Exported to—
1922
Quantity
Value
England.
Pounds
500
121, 183
2.50
1,600
4,620
$69
Canada.
7,786
Mexico
43
China
1,762
Japan . . _
3,523
Total exports
128, 153
13,183
1 Included in total "Other coal-tar finished products, n. e. s." for 1923, 1924 and 1925.
PHOTOGRAPHIC CHEMICALS
Exported to-
United Kingdom...
Canada
Mexico
Cuba
Argentina
Japan
Philippines
Australia
New Zealand
China
All other countries.
1922
Quantity Value
Pounds
11, 274
65,411
15, 019
16, 738
24, 526
39,815
11,709
10, 806
13, 094
39, 727 14, 690
15,971
7,228
6,306
9,124
26, 809
5,509
9, 018
4,302
Total 248,119 ,103,853 214,160
1923
Quantity Value
Pounds
2,205
23, 427
10, 349
16, 223
34, 344
35, 894
8, 862
12,716
22, 101
48, 039
$1, 054
5,775
5.079
5,406
9,834
28,309
5, 051
12, 030
5,363
18, 416
96, 317
1924
Quantity
Pounds
1,992
20, 679
14, 721
18, 788
5, 330
10, 845
10, 545
13, 688
14, 883
66, 624
173, 996
Value
$1,872
6,583
5,863
7,261
2,329
1.5, 455
4, 063
12, 731
3,230
21, 364
80, 761
1925
Quantity
Pounds
1, 351
34,019
40, 948
35, 626
41, 773
7,694
26, 136
\ 067
18, 906
29, 626
73, 345
314, 491
Value
$1,700
6,787
13, 599
8,258
11,363
3,339
8,005
2,478
4,183
8,879
26, 858
95, 449
STATISTICAL TABLES
221
Table 79. — Domestic exports of coal tar and of dyes and dyestuffs, calendar years
1922-1925 — Continued
OTHER FINISHED COAL-TAR PRODUCTS, N. E. S.
Exported to —
1922
Quantity Value
1923
Quantity Value
1924
Quantity Value
1925
Quantity Value
Denmark...
France
Norway
United Kingdom
Canada
Costa Rica
Panama
Mexico
British West Indies.
Cuba
Argentina..
Brazil.
Chile
Colombia
Peru
Japan...
Australia
Philippine Islands..
Labrador
British India
All other countries..
Pounds
37, 226
80,800
48. 767
264, 009
I, 797, 967
28,262
67. 434
470, 344
95, 545
984, 063
107, 043
39, 692
78, 574
80. 661
80, 470
67, 948
21,533
$1,540
2,560
1,275
33, 285
63,908
2, 655
2,079
26. 902
5.401
43. 497
8,831
2,598
4,664
13, 442
13.415
17, 550
4,533
Pounds
4,174
30, 893
$3,193
6,576
Pounds
1,000
$680
167, 822
1, 128, 524
6,017
24, 809
334, 479
21,854
868, 690
207, 900
1,510
4,742
103, 833
202, 251
154, 606
26, 785
37,292
57, 663
709
2,920
20, 560
3,460
38, 382
9,200
381
1, 155
18, 951
27, 707
38, 981
5,166
74, 137
209, 457
8,257
11,420
150, 729
12, 769
279, 141
201,125
22, 052
1,134
134. 398
214. 821
387, 275
18, 038
23, 539
41, 520
928
1,485
13, 724
2,006
26, 670
9,051
3,004
136
22, 625
30, 975
58, 253
2,948
194, 752
24, 707
'1,212,257
206, 808
2 421, 615
67, 418
Pounds
8,036
2,178
2,807
570, 456
171,904
11.994
11, 522
194, 460
14, 971
1, 342, 935
28, 332
36, 502
3,227
128, 777
127, 484
95, 697
7,430
143, 300
44, 771
17, 272
138, 582
$2, 102
1,150
1,150
101, 279
31,380
1,677
1,806
25,620
1.967
38, 131
5,234
5,625
886
23,721
20,542
26, 124
2,513
10,280
6,084
7,101
22, 878
Total 5,545,090 1272,842 4,501,146 479,104 2,147,368 304,962 3,102,637 337,250
1 Includes 768,236 pounds, valued at $140,077, to China.
2 Includes 217,369 pounds, valued at $34,212, to China.
Directory of manufacturers of dyes and other synthetic organic chemicals, 1926
Vio.
Name of company
Office address flocation of plant given in parentbese
if not in same city as office)
Abbott Laboratories
Acids Manufacturing Corporation
Agawam Chemical Worlss
Algon Color & Chemical Corporation
Alston-Lucas Paint Co
Althouse Chemical Co., The.
Alyco Manufacturing Co. (Inc.).
Amalgamated DyestuQ & Chemical Works
(Inc.).
American Aniline Products (Inc.)
Amido Products Co
Anderson Chemical Co
Ansbacher & Co. (Inc.), A. B
Atom Chemical Corporation
Baird & McOuire (Inc.)
Barrett Co., The
Bayer Co. (Inc.), The _
Beaver Chemical Corporation
Belle Chemical Products Co
Benzol Products Co. (Inc.)
Berghausen Chemical Co., The E
Berkheimer Manufacturing Co., J. E
Brooklyn Color Works (Inc.)
Brown Co
Bush (Inc.), Burton T
Bush & Co. (Inc.), W. J
Cable Chemical Works
Calco Chemical Co., The
California Ink Co. (Inc.)..
Carbide & Carbon Chemical Corporation.
4753 East Ravenswood Avenue, Chicago, 111. (North
Chicago, m.)
Packer, Conn.
531 Grosvenor Building, Providence, R. I. (North
Attleboro, Mass.)
132 Front Street, New York, N. Y. (Elizabeth, N. J.)
1031 Currier Street, Chicago, 111.
540 Pear Street, Reading, Pa.
86 Orange Street, Bloomfield, N. J.
Plum Point Lane, Newark, N. J.
45 East Seventeenth Street, New York, N. Y. (Lock
Haven, Pa.)
132 Front Street, New York, N. Y. (228 Emmett
Street, Newark, N.J.)
148 State Street. Boston, Mass. (Everett, Mass.)
527 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. (Brooklyn.
N. Y.)
96 East Tenth Street, New York, N. Y.
Holbrook, Mass.
40 Rector Street, New York, N. Y. (Plants distributed
throughout the United States.)
117 Hudson Street, New York, N. Y. (Rensselaer,
N, Y.)
Damascus, Va.
Belle, W. Va.
13 Margaretta Street, Newark, N. J.
915 Carr Street, Cincinnati, Ohio.
2928 South M Street, Tacoma, Wash.
129 Cherry Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.
404 Commercial Street, Portland, Me. (Berlin, N. H.)
101 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. (Delawanna,
N.J.)
370 Seventh Avenue, New York, N. Y. (Linden, N.J.)
1700 Elston Avenue, Chicago, 111. (Cable, Wis.)
Bound Brook, N. J.
Station A, Berkeley, Calif.
30 East Fortv-second Street, New York, N. Y.
(Charleston, W. Va.)
222 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Directory of manufacturers of dyes and other synthetic organic chemicals, 1925 — Con.
Name of company
Office address (location of plant given in parentheses
if not in same city as office)
Celluloid Co., The
Central Dyestuff & Chemical Co
Central Specialty Co
Certain-teed Products Corporation
Chemical Co. of America (Inc.), The
Childs Pulp Colors (Inc.)
Cincinnati Chemical Works (Inc.) .-
Coleman & Bell Co., The
Commonwealth Color & Chemical Co
Consolidated Color & Chemical Co
Cooks Falls Dye Works (Inc.)
Cooper & Co. (Inc.), Charles
Coopers Creek Chemical Co
Corona Chemical Division, Pittsburgh
Plate Glass Co.
Croton Color & Chemical Co
Crown Tar Works
Crystal Color & Chemical Works
David Chemical Co., Albert
Debrook Co. (Inc.)
Delta Chemical & Iron Co
Diarsenol Co. (Inc.)
Dovan Chemical Corporation
Dow Chemical Co., The
duPont de Nemours & Co., E. I..
Dye Products & Chemical Co. (Inc.)
Dyes and Chemicals (Inc.)
DyestufTs & Chemicals (Inc.)
Eakins (Inc.), J. S. & W. R
Eastman Kodak Co
Esses Aniline Works (Inc.)
Federal Color Laboratories (Inc.)..
Felton Chemical Co. (Inc.)
Fine Colors Co. (Inc.) __-
Florasynth Laboratories (Inc.)
Ford Motor Co
Foster-Heaton Co_- -.. _.
Franco American Chemical Works
Fries Bros
Fries & Fries Co.. The
Garfield Aniline Works (Inc.)
Gary & Chesterton Chemical Co. (Inc.)...
Gaskill Chemical Corporation, The
Gebauer Chemical Co., The
Goodrich Co., The B. F
Granton Chemical Co. (Inc.)..
Oras.selli Dysetuff Corporation
Great Western Electro Chemical Co
Hampden Paint & Chemical Co
Harmon Color Works (Inc.)
Heller & Merz Co., The_.
Herrmann & Co. (Inc.), Morris
Heyden Chemical Corporation
Hooker Electrochemical Co
Hydrocarbon Chemical Co
Hynson, Westcott <fe Dunning
Imperial Color Works (Inc.)
Ising Corporation, The C. E
Johnson & Co., Charles Eneu
Kent Color Corporation.
Kentucky Color & Chemical Co
Kcssler Chemical Co., The..
Klipstein & Sons Co., E. C
Kohnstamm &. Co. (Inc.), H.
290 Ferry Street, Newark, N. J.
Foundry Street and Roanoke Avenue, Newark, N. J.
524 Delaware Street, Kansas City, Mo.
100 East Forty-second Street, New York, N. Y. (East
St. Louis, 111.)
40 Murray Street, New York, N. Y. (Springfield,
N.J.)
43 Summit Street, Brooklyn, N. Y
Evanston Station, Box 20, Cincinnati, Ohio. (Nor-
wood and St. Bernard, Ohio.)
Main and Waverly Avenues, Norwood, Ohio.
Nevins, Butler, and Baltic Streets, Brooklyn, N. Y.
122 Hudson Street, New York, N. Y. (Newark, N. J.)
68 William Street, New York, N. Y. (Cooks Falls,
N. Y.)
194 Worth Street, New York, N. Y. (Newark, N. J.)
West Conshohocken, Pa.
205 Lake Street, Milwaukee, Wis.
293 Broadway, New York, N. Y. (Croton-on-HudsOD,
N. Y.)
418 Gas and Electric Building, Denver, Colo.
Saugus, Mass.
43 Summit Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. (Chicago Heights,
111.)
1105 Metropolitan Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Wells, Delta County, Mich.
771 Ellicott Square, Buffalo, N. Y.
30 Church Street, New York, N. Y. (Newark, N. J.)
Midland, Mich.
Wilmington, Del. (Deep Water Point, N. J.)
200 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. (202 Vanderpool
Street, Newark, N. J.)
702 Court Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Eleventh and Monroe Streets, St. Louis, Mo.
24 Wallabout Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.
343 State Street, Rochester, N. Y. (Kodak Park Works,
Rochester, N.Y.)
88 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. (South Middleton,
Mass.)
Forest .\ venue, Norwood, Ohio.
61 Taaffe Place, Brooklyn, N. Y.
21 McBride .\ venue, Paterson, N. J.
Olmstead and Starling Avenues, Unionport, N. Y.
(Bronx, N. Y.)
Iron Mountain, Mich. (Kingsford, Mich.)
833 Magnolia Avenue, Elizabeth, N. J.
Carlstadt, N. J.
92 Reade Street, New York, N. Y. (Bloomfield, N. J.)
1501 West Sixth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Midland Avenue, Garfield, N. J.
Chesterton, Ind.
355 Van Buren Street, Newark, N. J.
669 Erie Building, Cleveland, Ohio. (9408 St. Catherine
Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio.)
Akron, Ohio.
350 Madison Avenue, New York, N. Y. (New Bruns-
wick, N. J.)
1150 Broadway, New York, N. Y. (Grasselli, N. i.,
Rensselaer, N. Y.)
9 Main Street, San Francisco, Calif. (Pittsborgi
Calif.)
161 Armory Street, Springfield, Mass.
361 Harmon Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.
338 Wilson Avenue, Newark, N. J.
200 Fifth Avenue, New York, N. Y. (Newark, N. J.)
45 East Seventeenth Street, New York, N. Y. (Gar-
field, N. J.)
25 Pine Street, New York, N. Y. (Niagara Falls
N. Y.)
Lancaster, Pa.
Charles and Chase Streets, Baltimore, Md.
Glens Falls, N. Y.
Flushing, N. Y.
509 South Tenth Stret, Philadelphia, Pa.
2 South Ninth Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Thirty-fourth and Bank Streets, Louisville, Ky.
575 Nassau Street, Orange, N. J.'
644 Greenwich Street, New York, N. Y. (Carteret,
N. J., South Charleston, W. Va.)
87 Park Place, New York, N. Y. (Brooklyn, N. Y.)
STATISTICAL TABLES 223
Directory of manufacturers of dyes and other synthetic organic chemicals, 1925 — Con.
Name of company
Office address (location of plant given in parentheses
if not in same city as office)
LaMotte Chemical Products Co., The
Lee Co., A
Lewis Manufacturing Co., F. J
Lilly & Co., Eli
Long Isalnd Color & Chemical Corporation
Maas & Waldstein Co
Mallinckrodt Chemical Works
Maple Chemical Co. (Inc.)
Miirx Color & Chemical Co., Max
Massachusetts Department of Public
Health.
Mathieson Alkali Works (Inc.), The
May Chemical Works -
Maywood Chemical Works
Mepham & Co., George S
Merck & Co
Merrimac Chemical Co
Metz Laboratories (Inc.), H. A ,
Miner Edgar Co., The
Monsanto Chemical Works
Morana (Inc.)
National Ammonia Co. of Pennsylvania,
The.
National Aniline & Chemical Co. (Inc.)..
Naugatuck Chemical Co., The.. ,
New England Aniline Works (Inc.)
New Haven Gas Light Co - ,
New York Quinine & Chemical Works
(Inc.).
Newport Co., The
Niagara Alkali Co --- -
Niagara Smelting Corporation.-
Noil Chemical & Color Works (Inc.)
Northwestern Chemical Co..
Norvell Chemical Corporation, The
Novocol Chemical Mfg. Co. (Inc.)..
Oldbury Electro Chemical Co
Organo Chemico Co —
Palatine Aniline & Chemical Corporation.
Passaic Color Corporation.
Peek Chemical Works (Inc.)
Peerless Color Co
Pennsylvania Coal Products Co —
Pfizer & Co. (Inc.), Charles
Pharma-Chemical Corporation —
Portland Gas & Coke Co
Powers-Weightman-Rosengarten Co
Providence Chemical Laboratories
Puritan Dye & Chemical Co
Quaker Oats Co., The
Radiant Dye & Color Works
Republic Creosoting Co
Rhodia Chemical Co..
Roessler & Hasslacher Chemical Co., The.
Rossville Co., The.
Rubber Service Laboratories Co., The
Ruxton (Inc.), Philip.
Selden Co., The..
Semet-Solvay Co...
Seydel Chemical Co
Sherwin-Williams Co., The
Siegle Corporation of America, G
Siemon & Elting (Inc.).
Sinclair & Valentine Co ,
Southern Aromatics Co
Southern Dyestuffs Co
Special Chemicals Co..
Squibb & Sons, E. R
McCormick Building, 400 Light Street, Baltimore, Md.
Lawrence, Mass. (Methuen, Mass.)
2513 South Robey Street, Chicago, 111.
Indianapolis, Ind.
22 Seventh Street, Long Island City, N. Y.
45 John Street, New York, N. Y.
3600 North Second Street, St. Louis, Mo.
122 Maple Avenue, Rosebank, Staten Island, N. Y.
192 Coit Street, Irvington, N.J.
Room 540, State House, Boston, Mass. (Brookline.
250 Park Avenue, New York, N. Y. (Newark, N. Y.)
204 Niagara Street, Newark, N. J.
100 West Hunter Avenue, Maywood, N. J.
Twentieth Street and Lynch Avenue, East St. Louis,
111.
45 Park Place, New York, N. Y. (Rahway, N. J.).
148 State Street, Boston, Mass.
122 Hudson Street, New York, N. Y. (Brooklyn,
N. Y.).
110 William Street, New York, N. Y. (Newark, N. J.).
1724 South Second Street, St. Louis, Mo.
61 Vandam Street, New York, N. Y. (Elizabeth,
N. J.).
Delaware Avenue and Van Kirk Street, Philadelphia,
Pa.
40 Rector Street, New York, N. Y. (Buffalo, N. Y.).
Naugatuck, Conn.
Ashland, Mass.
80 Crown Street, New Haven, Conn.
99 North Eleventh Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.
P. O. Box 1582, Milwaukee, Wis. (Carrollville, Wis.;
Passaic, N. J.).
Buffalo Avenue, Niagara Falls, N. Y.
Niagara Falls, N. Y.
152 West One hundred and Eighth Street, New York,
N.Y.
99 John Street, New York, N.Y. (Perth Amboy, N. J.)
2923 Atlantic Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Niagara Falls, N. Y.
Sandusky, Ohio.
81 North Water Street, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
50 Eighth Street, Passaic, N. J.
380 Williamson Street, Elizabeth, N. J.
521 North Avenue, Plainfleld, N.J.
Reiber Building, Butler, Pa. (Petrolia, Pa.).
81 Maiden Lane, New York, N. Y. (Brooklyn, N. Y.)
233 Broadway, New York, N. Y. (Bayonne, N. J.).
Gasco Building, Portland, Oreg.
916 Parrish Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
51 Empire Street, Providence, R. I.
East Main Street, Northborough, Mass.
1600 Railway Exchange, Chicago, 111. (Cedar Rapids,
Iowa) .
West Twentieth Street and Neptune Avenue, Brook-
lyn, N.Y.
1614 Merchants Bank Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
(St. Louis Park, Minn.; Ironton, Utah; Mobile, Ala.;
Norfolk, Va.; Seattle, Wash.; Indianapolis, Ind.)
21 Spruce Street, New York, N.Y. (New Brunswick
N.J.)
709 Sixth Avenue, New York, N. Y. (Perth Amboy,
N. J.; Niagara Falls, N. Y.)
Lawrenceburg, Ind.
611 Peoples Savings & Trust Building, Akron, Ohio.
(Nitro, W. Va.)
220 West Forty-second Street, New York, N. \ .
339 Second Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa.
61 Broadway, New York, N. Y. (Syracuse, N. Y.)
86 Forrest Street, Jersey City, N. J. (Nitro, W. Va.)
601 Canal Road, Cleveland, Ohio. (Chicago, 111.)
Chestnut Avenue, Rosebank, Staten Island, N. Y.
Linden, N J. (Irvington, N. J.)
11 St. Clair Place, New York, N. Y.
Brunswick, Ga.
Nitro, W. Va.
Waukegan, 111. (Highland Park, HI.)
80 Beekman Street, New York, N. Y. (Brooklyn,
N. Y.; New Brunswick, N. J.)
5919— 26t-
-16
224 CENSUS OF DYES AND OTHER SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS
Directory of manufacturers of dyes and other synthetic organic chemicals, 1926 — Con.
No.
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
Name of company
Office address (location of plant given in parentheses
if not in same city as office)
Stearns & Co., Frederick
Sun Chemical & Color Co
Synfleur Scientific Laboratories (Inc.)
Synthetics Products Co., The
Synthetical Laboratories, The,.
Tar Products Corporation
Texdel Chemical Co.-
TextUe Chemical Co. (Inc.)
Thatcher Process Co. (Inc.)
Todd Co., A. M
Tower Manufacturing Co. (Inc.)
Trico Chemical Co. (Inc.)
Ullman Co., Sigmund
Ultro Chemical Corporation
U. S. Industrial Chemical Co. (Inc.)
Van Dyk & Co. (Inc.)..
Van Schaack Bros. Chemical Works (Inc.)
Vernon Synthetic Chemical Corporation
(Inc.)
Verona Chemical Co
Victor Chemical Works
Warner-Jenkinson Manufacturing Co
Westvaco Chlorine Products (Inc.)
White Chemical Co , The Wilbur
White Tar Co. of New Jersey (Inc.), The.
Wilhelm Co., The A
Williamsburg Chemical Co. (Inc.)
Wolff- Alport Chemical Corporation
Zinsser & Co. (Inc.)
6533 Jefferson Avenue East, Detroit, Mich.
309 Sussex Street, Harrison, N. J.
Montieello, N. Y.
1114 Center Street, Cleveland, Ohio.
5558 Ardmore Avenue, Chicago, 111 .
99 Empire Street, Providence, R. I. (East Provi-
dence, R. I.)
136 Water Street, New York, N. Y. (Nutley, N. J.)
90 Smithfield Avenue, Providence, R. I.
203 Richmond Avenue, Syracuse, N. Y. (523 Tracy
Street, Syracuse, N. Y.)
Kalamazoo, Mich.
85 Doremus Avenue, Newark, N. J.
502 Iroquois Building, Buffalo, N. Y.
Park Avenue and One hundred and forty-sixth
Street, New York, N. Y.
1 Hudson Street, New York, N. Y. (236 Forty-sixth
Street, Brooklyn, N. Y.)
110 East Forty-second Street, New York, N. Y.
(Curtis Bay, Baltimore, Md.)
4 Piatt Street, New York, N. Y. (Jersey City, N. J.)
3338 Avondale Avenue, Chicago, 111.
166 Vernon Avenue, Long Island City, N. Y.
26 Verona Avenue, Newark, N. J.
343 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, 111. (Chicago
Heights. 111.)
2526 Baldwin Street, St. Louis, Mo.
415 Lexington Avenue, New York, N. Y. (South
Charleston, W. Va.)
Owego, Tioga County, N. Y.
56 Vesey Street, New York, N. Y. (Kearney, N. J.;
Cincinnati, Ohio.)
Third and Bern Streets, Reading, Pa.
230 Morgan Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y.
593 Irving Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Hastings-on-Hudson, N. Y.
o