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L  I  B  RARY 

OF   THE 

UN  IVERSITY 

Of    ILLINOIS 

G20.5 
T  W 
>/.   T9 

EMOTE  STORAGE 


The  person  charging  this  material  is  re- 
sponsible for  its  return  to  the  library  from 
which  It  was  withdrawn  on  or  before  the 
Latest  Date  stamped  below. 

Theft,  mutilation,  and  underlining  of  books 
are  reasons  for  disciplinary  action  and  may 
result  in  dismissal  from  the  University. 

UNIVERSITY    OF     ILLINOIS    LIBRARY    AT    URBANA-CHAMPAIGN 


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ClINbGRAPH 


DTOBER 


VOLUME  79      NUMBER   1 


25  CEBITS 


Two  ways  to  get  out  of  college 


Energy  conversion  is  our  business 


Earth's  attraction  for  an  apple? 
Free  fall  in  relativistic  space? 
A  complex  meson  field? 
Built-in  return  power  for  project 

Mercury? 
How  is  it  related  to  binding  energy? 

Gravity  is  both  a  bane  and  a  boon  to  man's 
efforts  — and  a  thorough  understanding  of 
it  is  of  great  significance  in  the  completion 
of  Allison's  energy  conversion  mission. 

Gravity  conditions  our  thinking  on  ad- 
vanced assignments.  For  example,  in 
outer  space  there  is  a  disorientation  of 
conventional  design.  The  fact  that  large 
accelerations  can  be  obtained  with  low 
thrust  forces  has  taken  us  into  the  new  field 
of  electrical  propulsion,  ion  and  magneto- 
hydrodynamic  rockets. 

In  our  inquiries,  we  supplement  our  own 
resources  by  calling  on  many  talents  and 
capabilities:  General  Motors  Corporation, 
its  Divisions,  other  individuals  and  organi- 
zations. By  applying  this  systems  engineer- 
ing concept  to  new  projects,  we  increase 
the  effectiveness  with  which  we  accom- 
plish our  mission  —  exploring  the  needs  of 
advanced  propulsion  and  weapons  systems. 


LLISON 


Division  of  General  Motors,  Indianapolis  6,  Indiana 


Opportunity,  challenge . .  -   1    or  both? 


To  the  talented  college  graduate, 
eager  to  test  his  skills,  Phillips  Pe- 
troleum Company  offers  both  an 
opportunity  and  a  challenge.  The 
opportunities  are  manifold  . . .  from 
research  to  sales  in  broad  activities 
relating  to  petroleum  and  petro- 
chemical products,  agricultural 
chemicals,  aviation  and  marine 
products,  plastics,  rubber  and  rub- 
ber chemicals,  and  atomic  energy. 
The  challenge  is  irresistible  ...  be- 


cause it  is  a  challenge  to  the  mind 
...  a  challenge  to  develop  within  the 
unlimited  horizons  of  the  petroleum 
industry  with  the  finest  facilities  at 
hand. 

it  is  our  belief  that  progress  is 
assured  through  the  creation  and 
maintenance  of  an  atmosphere  in 
which  every  employee's  potential 
may  be  fully  realized. 

I  nvestigate  your  opportu  nities  with 
us.  Arrangements  for  an  interview 


with  a  Phillips  representative  maybe 
made  through  your  College  Place- 
ment Office. 

For  full  details,  write  to  our  Em- 
ployee Relations  Department. 

PHILLIPS  PETROLEUM  /^SiliIps) 
COMPANY  )m\ 

BARTLESVILLE,  OKUVHOMA        >^i4p^^ 

An  equal  opportunity  employer 


OCTOBER,    1963 


THE  ILLIXOI!^ 

TECHNOGRAPH 

VOLUME  79,  NUMBER  I  OCTOBER,  1963 


table  of  contents 

Editorial        3 


TECHNOGRAPHs  New  Look      H.  L.  Wake'and        5 


The  New  Civil  Engineering  Building        6 


The  Supernatural  Behavior  of  Superconductors      Stuart  Ump'.eby        8 


Student  Discount  on  Engineering  Publications      12 


A  Year  of  Achievement      15 


The  Illinois  Society  of  Professional  Engineers      17 


Two  New  Centers  for  Direct  Interaction  with  Industry      20 


Engineering  Societies  Calendar      26 


Technocutie      Photo  by  Joe  Figueira      29 


A  Decade  of  Achievement  in  India      32 


Science,  Technology,  and  Space  Navigation      33 


Friction:  A  Tool  for  Welding      33 


The  Society  Page      36 


What  Do  You  Know  Abouf  Co-op  Programs?      Larry  Heyda      38 


Why  Does  a  Culvert  Cross  the  Road?      43 


Brickbats  'n  Bouquets      48 


THE  COVER 


Dave  Busby  of  Indlanola  was  the  first  freshman  in  engineering  to  register  in  the 
Centennial  Graduating  Class  last  September.  He  and  his  classmates  are  scheduled 
to  graduate  on  the  University's  one-hundredth  birthday.  Those  who  follow  the  course 
shown  on  the  left  will  do  so;  the  easy  way  shown  on  the  right  will  lead  to  getting 
out  earlier — much  earlier!  (Cover  Editor,   Larry  Pflederer.) 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Edifor-In-Chief 

Wayne  W.  Crouch 


Assistant  to  the  Editor 

Stuart  Umpleby 

Editonal  Staff 

Gary  Daymon,  Director 

Rudy  Berg 

Harold  Gotschall 

Tom  Grantham 

Larry  Heyda 

Roqer  Johnson 

Werner  Lain 

Richard  Lanqrehr 

Jay  Lipke 

John  Litherland 

Bill  Lueck 

Henry  Maqnuski 

Larry  Pflederer 

Mike  Ouinn 

Ron  Scanlan 

Production  Staff 

Scott  Weaver,  Manaqer 
Pat  Martin 

Business  Staff 

Art  Becker,  Manager 

Phil  Johnson 

Jerry  Ozane 

Roqer  Van  Zele 

Circulation  Staff 

Larry  Campbell,  Manager 

Paul  Riminqton 

Glenn  VanBlaricum 

Photo  Staff 

Jim  Alex 

Joe  Fiqueria 

Bob  Seyler 

Secretary 

Kathle  Liermann 

Advisors 

Robert  Bohl 

Paul  Bryant 

Alan  Kinqery 

Edwin  McClintock 

Dale  Greffe.  Photo 


Chairman:  J.  Gale  Chumley 

Louisiana   Polytechnic   Institute 

Ruston,  Louisiana 

Engineer,  Cincinnati  Coopera- 
City  College  Vector.  Colorado 
nell  Engineer,  Denver  Engineer, 
Drexel  Technical  Journal,  Georgia  Tech  Engi- 
neer, Illinois  Technograph,  Iowa  Engineer. 
Iowa  Transit.  Kansas  Engineer,  Kansas  State 
Engineer,  Kentucky  Engineer,  Louisiana  State 
University    Engineer.    Louisiana    Tech    Engineer. 

Engineer,       Marquette       Engineer. 

zhnic.  Minnesota  Technolog,  Mis- 
souri Shamrock.  Nebraska  Blueprint,  New 
York  University  Quadrangle,  North  Dakota 
Engineer,  Northwestern  Engineer,  Notre  Dame 
Technical  Review,  Ohio  State  Engineer,  Okla- 
homa State  Engineer,  Pittsburgh  Skyscraper, 
Purdue  Engineer.  RPI  Engineer.  Rochester  In- 
dicator. SC  Engineer.  Rose  Technic,  Southern 
Engineer.  Spartan  Engineer.  Texas  A  &  M 
Engineer,  V^'ashington  Engineer.  WSC  Tech- 
nometer.  Wayne  Engineer,  and  Wisconsin 
Engineer. 


Arkans 
five  Engin 
Engineer. 


Manhatt_ 
Michigan    T 


WHY  THE  CHANGE? 

In  1967,  the  University  of  Illinois  will  be  one  hundred  years  old.  This  semester's 
engineering  freshmen  will  be  graduating  (they  hope!).  They  will  obviously  have  a  real 
first  in  being  members  of  the  centennial  graduating  class.  We  believe  they  will  be 
first  in  another  respect  also:  they  will  be  the  first  graduates  to  be  given  a  real 
opportunity  to  learn  more  about  their  chosen  profession,  their  college,  and  their 
university.  We  are  going  to  provide  a  part  of  this  opportunity  by  making  Technograph 
available  to  every  undergraduate  as  a  source  of  news  concerning  this  campus,  as 
well  as  an  open  forum  for  discussion,  debate,  and  exchange  of  opinion  between 
engineering  students  and  faculty.  The  rest  is  up  to  you — student  or  faculty  member. 

Faculty  members  cannot  be  effective  teachers  without  feedback  from  their 
students,  and  students  cannot  derive  the  full  benefits  of  attending  college  without 
knowing  what  is  going  on  around  them.  Students  need  to  know  what  is  happening  in 
U  of  I  research  and  what  it  means  to  them.  They  should  be  informed  about  policy 
changes  of  the  administration  and  what  these  changes  mean  to  them,  and  they  have 
a  responsibility  to  themselves  and  to  each  other  to  express  their  views  and  to  ask 
about  things  they  do  not  understand.  The  College's  administrators  agree  with  this 
point  of  view  and  have  offered  their  support.  The  remainder  of  the  responsibility  now 
lies  with  you — what  you  don't  know  may  hurt  you. 

Our  pages  are  your  pages.  If  you  don't  wish  to  write  your  views  yourself,  then 
drop  by,  tell  us  what  you  have  on  your  mind,  and  we'll  write  it  for  you.  Every  pro- 
fessional engineer  is  aware  of  the  benefits  of  publishing  articles,  and  undergraduates 
and  graduates  can  also  benefit  by  getting  articles  published  in  Technograph.  But  the 
most  important  thing  is  for  each  of  us  to  realize  that  he  is  a  link  (hopefully  not  the 
weakest  one!)  in  a  vital  communication  chain. 

If  the  members  of  the  class  of  1967  leave  with  an  unprecedented  awareness  of 
their  college,  they  will  be  the  first  to  do  so  .  .  .  and  they  will  be  the  best  equipped 
engineers  ever  to  leave  this  campus.  We  have  a  responsibility,  not  only  to  the 
centennial  graduating  class,  but  to  ourselves  and  all  the  engineering  students  who 
will  enter  and  leave  the  U  of  I  College  of  Engineering  over  the  next  one  hundred 
years.  Will  you  help? 


OCTOBER,    1963 


Is  Olin  right  for  you? 


That 

depends  on 

the  future 

you  want. 


Graduates  in  science,  engi-        ---^   -  '^".^             ^V'e  make   the   hydrazine 
neering  and  business  adminis-        VOU  lAfanXi         deri\'atives  that  power  Titan 

tration  will  find  an  abundance  rockets.  And  the  explosive 

of  career  opportunities  at  Olin.  Our  major  bolts  that  separate  rocket  stages, 

areas  of  activity  are  carried  on  through  7  Nydrazid*  our  anti-tubercular  drug,   is 

divisions:  Chemicals,  Metals,  Organics,  one  of  the  major  reasons  TB  deaths  have 

Packaging,  Squibb,  Winchester-Western,  decreased  60%  in  the  last  eight  years, 

and  International.  Do  you  loant  to  kyiow  some  of  the  things 

You  can  start  in  any  division,  but  your  loe're  doing? 

advancement  is  not  necessarily  confined  to  We're  developing  a  high-speed  cartridge 

the  division  you  choose.  (Olin  is  flexible.)  that  will  enable  medicine  to  be  injected 

Olin  has  a  substantial  research  budget,  without  the  use  of  hypodermics. 

And  our  research  laboratories  are  among  We're  coating  packaging  film  with  anti- 

the  most  advanced  in  the  field.  We  give  you  biotics  to  do  away  with  the  tremendous 


waste  in  food  spoilage. 

We're  perfecting  a  process  that  will 
enable  doctors  to  replace  diseased  bones. 

These  are  just  some  of  the  things  Olin 
is  doing.  (Our  research  and  development 


the  resources  and  equipment  that  creative 
research  and  development  demand. 

Do  you  ivant  to  know  some  of  the  things 
Olin  has  done? 

We  developed  a  process  for  producing 
any  continuous  tubing  pattern  into  a  homo-    average:  One  new  product  every  week.) 
geneous  sheet  of  aluminum  or  copper.  It's         Do  you  think  Olin  may  be  for  you? 
called  Roll-Bond.®  (Designers  have  a  field         If  you  call  us,  we'll  do  our  best  to  help 
day  with  this  one.)  you  reach  a  decision. 

For  information  on  your  career  opportunities,  tiie  man  to  contact  is  IM.  H.  Jacoby,  College  Relations  Officer, 
Olin  Mathieson  Chemical  Corporation,  480  Parl<  Avenue,  New  York  22,  N.  Y. 

An  equal  opportunity  employer. 


TECHNOGRAPH 


TECHNOGRAPH'S 


NEW  LOOK 


by  Assistant  Dean  H.  L.  Wakeland 


As  you  leaf  through  the  Techno- 
graph  have  you  asked  yourself— who 
sent  this  magazine;  who  paid  for  it; 
why  was  it  sent  to  me?  The  answers 
to  these  questions  will  vary  slightly 
from  one  reader  to  the  next,  but  a 
closer  observation  will  show  tliat  the 
Technogmph  has  taken  on  a  new 
look. 

Beginning  tliis  fall,  each  engineer- 
ing student  in  the  College  of  En- 
gineering, as  well  as  students  in 
Chemical  Engineering,  Architectm-al 
Engineering,  and  Industrial  Design 
will  receive  a  free  copy  of  Techno- 
graph  each  month  by  mail  at  their 
individual  campus  addresses.  Engi- 
neering staff  members  will  receive  the 
first  issue  free  but  will  be  asked  to 
subscribe  for  additional  copies  at  the 
rate  of  two  dollars  per  year.  All  high 
schools  throughout  Illinois  will  also 
receive  copies  financed  by  the  Col- 
lege of  Engineering. 

The  magazine  has  changed  its  con- 
tent and  hopes  to  serve  as  a  medium 
for  the  exchange  of  infonnation  and 
ideas  bet^veen  students  and  stafl^. 
New  features  are  to  include  notes 
about  alumni,  student  activity  news, 
contributions  by  the  faculty,  engi- 
neering departmental  news,  and  let- 
ters to  the  editor— providing  you  write. 
In  fact,  only  a  few  portions  of  the 
magazine  will  remain  unchanged. 

In  the  February,  1963,  issue  of 
Technograph  I  wrote  briefly  about 
"Student  Comment  and  Opinion"  stat- 
ing that  we  simply  did  not  get  stu- 
dent "play  back"  (i.e.  opinions  or 
ideas  from  engineering  students  about 
our  college  or  educational  program). 
Gary  Daymon,  one  of  Tech  no  graph's 


Aisistanl  Dean  H.  L.  Wakeland 

most  active  staff  members,  answered 
by  pointing  out  that  no  convenient 
vehicle  was  available  through  which 
students  could  express  their  opinions. 
Although  students  had  the  campus 
daily  and  other  mediums  available 
to  express  their  viewpoints,  it  was 
true  that  there  was  no  common  me- 
dium for  engineering  students  except 
tlie  Technograph,  which  had  not  been 
adequately  fulfilling  this  need. 

Technograph  staff  members  and 
faculty  members  immediately  began 
to  discuss  ways  in  which  Techno- 
graph might  be  changed  to  meet  this 
need.  One  of  the  first  needs  was  to 
reach  each  engineering  student  with 
the  publication.  In  past  years  much 
time  had  been  spent  in  selling  sub- 
scriptions and  after  each  sales  cam- 
paign Technograph  ended  up  with 
only  a  small  portion  of  the  engineer- 


ing student  body  subscribing.  Was 
there  an  economical  method  to  be 
used  that  would  place  a  copy  in  each 
student's  hand  and  do  away  with  sub- 
sc^riptions? 

In  recent  years  a  number  of  sci- 
ence or  trade  magazines  have  com- 
pletely eliminated  paid  subscriptions 
and  paid  for  publication  solely 
through  advertisement.  These  mag- 
azines limit  subscriptions  to  qualified 
people  but  mail  them  free  of  charge 
to  approved  subscribers.  Many  ex- 
perienced journalists  doubt  the  use- 
fulness and  quality  of  a  "give  away" 
publication  but  magazines  such  as 
"Science  and  Technology"  and  "Data- 
mation" provide  excellent  examples 
of  high  level  publications  distributed 
in  this  manner. 

Well,  to  make  a  long  story  short, 
Technograph  has  had  a  substantial 
advertising  income  in  the  past  few 
years  and  with  some  juggling  of 
figures  and  backing  from  the  Illini 
Publishing  Company,  they  are  trying 
to  make  1963-64  their  first  success- 
ful year  of  controlled  subscription 
distribution. 

A  little  additional  income  is 
needed  to  balance  the  books  and  it 
is  hoped  that  the  majority  of  staff 
members  will  help  by  subscribing. 
Faculty  readers  are  needed  to  com- 
plete the  exchange  of  ideas,  opinions, 
and  news  which  Technograph  hopes 
to  provide. 

The  second  need  is  to  provide 
more  useful  or  pertinent  information 
for  engineering  readers:  student  ac- 
tivities   that   arc   available   and    how 

(continued  on  page  43,  column  3) 


OCTOBER,    1963 


THE  NEW 
C.  E.  B. 


The   first   U   of   I    building,    built 
CEB  will  be  constructed. 


Quite  a  contrast  to  the  $150.00  invested  in  the  first 
U  of  I  building  is  the  new  $4,216,000  CEB  structure 
being  constructed  near  the  site  where,  in  1868,  tlie 
University's  first  building  was  located.  (A  witty  [?] 
student  remarked,  "But  it  cost  less  to  live  in  those 
days.")  Financed  through  the  new  State  Building  Au- 
thority, the  structure  will  bring  together  Civil  Engi- 
neering activities  now  located  in  15  different  buildings. 

The  initial  building  will  consist  of  four  stories  and 
basement,  devoted  principally  to  department  offices  and 
laboratories  for  research  and  teaching  in  concrete  struc- 
tures, soil  mechanics  and  foundations,  and  sanitary  engi- 
neering. Its  central  feature  will  be  a  three-story  labora- 
tory with  a  specially  reinforced  floor  to  support  modern 
structural  research  equipment.  Smaller  laboratories  will 


be  located  over  and  aroimd  the  structural  research  lab- 
oratory. 

To  allow  for  flexibility  in  research  technology  and 
problems,  there  will  be  little  built-in  equipment  on  the 
40,000  square  feet  of  available  space.  Current  plans  will 
utilize  part  of  this  space  for  expanded  research  in  con- 
crete, soils,  and  sanitary  engineering.  The  sanitary  engi- 
neering department  will  also  use  the  roof  for  air  studies. 

The  U  of  I  Civil  Engineering  Department,  headed 
by  Prof.  Nathan  M.  Newmark,  consists  of  over  600  un- 
dergraduates and  280  graduate  students— the  world's 
largest  graduate  enrollment  in  this  field.  It  has  a  full- 
time  academic  staff  of  93,  82  graduate  assistants  work- 
ing half  time,  and  a  nonacademic  staff  of  60  technicians, 
specialists,  and  others.  Currently,  60  civil  engineering 
research  projects  annually  total  over  $1,500,000.     GMD 


1965 


n   Stought. 


The  new  Civil   Engineering   Building   is  located  on   Romine  SI 
Computer   Laboratory   where   future  tie-in    cables   will    provide   focilities   for    many  ci 

Architects  for  the  new  CFB  are  A.  Epstein  and  Sons,  Chicago.  The  founder  of  this  firn 
department  of  Civil  Engineering.  Designers  of  the  building  are  Richardson,  Severns,  Sch' 
completion  is  scheduled  for  September,  1965. 


and    Main.    Just    north    of    the 
ngineering   research    projects 


nd  his  sons  who  ore  now  operating  it  are  graduates  of  the  U  of  I 
er  and  Associates,  Champaign.  Bids  will  be  received  in  December; 


TECHNOGRAPH 


LINDE  Assignment: 


Develop  a  new  surgical  tool 
to  freeze  tissue,  save  lives 


You  work  on  projects  that  benefit 
mankind  when  you're  with  Union 
Carbide's  Linde  Division.  Con- 
siderthis  new  cryogenic  surgical  equip- 
ment, for  example.  It's  used  by  major 
hospitals  in  the  United  States,  Canada, 
and  Europe  for  treating  the  symptoms 
of  Parkinsonism  and  other  involuntary 
movement  disorders. 

Back  in  1961,  a  new  surgical  tech- 
nique, using  extremely  cold  tempera- 
tures, was  announced  to  the  medical 
profession. 

In  brief,  this  surgical  procedure  in- 
volves making  a  small  burr  hole  in  the 
patient's  skull;  directing  the  probe  into 
thethalamictarget;and  using  liquid  ni- 
trogen to  freeze  the  appropriate  tissue. 

Because  of  its  extensive  experience 


and  capabilities  in  cryogenic  systems, 
Linde  Division  was  called  upon  to  de- 
velop and  produce  the  needed  cryosur- 
gery device— a  precision  surgical  probe 
and  a  complete  system  capable  of  fur- 
nishing controlled  cold  to  the  probe. 

The  result  is  the  CE-2  Cryosurgery 
Equipment,  a  fully  automatic  unit  that 
is  easy  to  operate  and  maintains  pre- 
selected temperatures  reliably. 

The  CE-2  permits  using  the  ultra- 
low  temperature  of  liquid  nitrogen 
(—320°  F.)  as  a  surgical  tool  with  pre- 
cision and  safety  in  a  practical  operat- 
ing range  of  98°  to  —240°  F. 

Work  with  Linde  and  you  work  with 
heat,  cold,  pressure,  vacuum.  You  have 
a  choice  among  programs  in  cryogen- 
ics, plasmas,  Flame-Plating,  electron- 


ics, biochemistry,  crystallography.  Be- 
fore deciding  on  any  job,  get  to  know 
all  that's  going  on  at  Linde. 

For  information,  write  Recruiting 
Department,  Union  Carbide  Corpora- 
tion, Linde  Division,  270  Park  Avenue, 
New  York,  N.Y.  10017. 


A  Linde  assignment 
poses  a  challenge 


UNION 
CARBIDE 


LINDE 
DIVISION 


AN  EQUAL  OPPORTUNITY  EMPLOYER 


OCTOBER,    1963 


THE  SUPERNATURAL 

BEHAVIOR  OF 
SUPERCONDUCTORS 


by  Stuart  Umpleby,  ME  '66 


In  a  discipline  like  superconductor 
research,  this  morning's  discovery  is 
liable  to  be  this  afternoon's  product. 
For  this  reason,  such  research  requires 
a  close  cooperation  between  industries 
and  universities;  neither  can  afford  to 
fall  behind,  and  only  the  traditionally 
quick  response  time  of  industry  coor- 
dinated with  the  breadth  and  depth  of 
university  facilities  and  talents  will 
keep  them  both  up  to  date.  A  good 
example  of  such  cooperative  efforts  is 
seen  in  the  recent  arrival  of  the  Col- 
lege of  Engineering's  first  Visiting 
Industrial  Associate,  Mr.  W.  O. 
Gentry  of  the  Fansteel  Metallurgical 
Corporation  of  Chicago. 

Mr.  Gentry  is  working  with  Dr.  C. 
B.  Satterthwaite,  Associate  Professor 
of  Physics  in  the  Coordinated  Science 
Laboratory.  Dr.  Satterthwaite's  group 
is  doing  advanced  research  on  super- 
conductor materials,  a  subject  of  great 
interest  to  Fansteel  because  the  com- 
pany produces  these  exotic  metals. 
Mr.  Gentry  is  here  under  the  auspices 
of  the  Visiting  Industrial  Associates 
Prograin,  which  is  sponsored  by  the 
Midwest  Electronics  Research  Center 
( described  in  more  detail  on  page  23 ) . 
He  is  no  stranger  to  the  campus;  he 
did  his  undergraduate  work  in  engi- 
neering physics  here  during  1953-57. 
The  quest  for  superconductor  ma- 
terials that  brought  Fansteel  to  the 
University  started  over  fifty  years  ago 
when  Kamerlingh  Onnes,  a  Dutch 
physicist,  succeeded  in  hquifying 
helium,  thereby  opening  investiga- 
tions in  the  temperature  range  below 
4.2°K.  Onnes  thought  that  the  resis- 
tance of  a  material  might  vanish  at 
absolute  zero.  However,  subsequent 
experiments  showed  that  the  best  con- 


TECHNOGRAPH 


r 

20 
15 
10 
05 
00 

^ 

I 

^ 

y 

4.22  4.26  4.30  432 

TEMPERATURE,    °K 

Figure  1.  Resistance  of  mercury  as  a  function 
of  temperoture. 

ductors  at  room  temperatures,  such  as 
platinum,  gold,  siher,  and  copper  do 
not  become  superconductive;  rather, 
their  resistance  becomes  a  constant  of 
small  magnitude  as  tlie  temperature 
drops  below  10"  K.  Oimes  supposed 
that  impurities  \\ere  responsible  for 
his  imperfect  results  and  turned  his 
in\-estigations  to  mercury  which  he 
could  obtain  in  purer  form.  Although 
the  resistance  of  the  mercury  dropped 
to  zero,  it  did  so  at  a  temperature 
slighth-  abo\e  4''K  and  much  more 
abruptly  than  Onnes  predicted  (Fig. 
1).  Further  experimentation  revealed 
that  impurities  did  not  pre\'ent  mer- 
ciu-y  from  becoming  superconducti\e. 

Research  since  that  time  has  estab- 
lished that  none  of  the  alkali,  noble, 
ferromagnetic,  or  antiferromagnetic 
metals  are  superconductors,  although 
e.xamples  from  each  of  tliese  classes 
are  found  in  superconducting  com- 
pounds. Nearly  all  crystal  classes  are 
represented.  Also,  superconductivity' 
is  most  apt  to  occur  in  elements  or 
compounds  ha\'ing  3,  5,  or  7  valence 
electrons  per  atom.  Twenty'- three  ele- 
ments plus  many  compounds  and 
alloys  are  known  to  exhibit  supercon- 
ductive properties.  (See  Table  #1.) 

As  research  continued,  in\estigators 
discovered  that  some  properties  re- 
mained the  same  and  that  others,  in 
addition  to  resistance,  changed  when 
materials  became  superconductive. 
Following  the  original  discovery  of 
superconducti\it>%  it  was  assumed 
tliat  the  magnetic  field  in  a  metal  re- 
mained constant  as  the  metal  became 
superconducti\e,  but  in  1933  experi- 
ments by  Meissner  and  Ochsenfeld 
indicated  that  the  field  inside  a  pure 


superconductor  was  zero.  In  other 
words,  pure  superconductors  appear 
to  !ia\'e  zero  permeability  (Fig.  2). 

Onnes  also  discovered  that  a  mag- 
netic field  caused  restoration  of  resis- 
tance in  superconductors.  The  critical 
field  is  that  field  which  restores  resis- 
tance at  a  given  temperature.  The 
magnetic  field  must  be  decreased  be- 
low this  critical  field,  H,,  to  restore 
superconductivity. 

Since  a  superconductor  has  no  re- 
sistance, \ery  high  currents  ma>'  be 
induced.  If  the  current  in  a  supercon- 
ductor produces  a  surface  field  which 
equals  or  exceeds  the  critical  field,  the 
metal  regains  its  resistivity.  This  phe- 
nomenon, known  as  the  Silsbee  efi^ect, 
provides  a  practical  limitation  in  the 
use  of  superconducting  circuits.  The 
critical  field  at  absolute  zero,  H,„  and 
the  critical  temperatvire  are  two  bases 
for  comparison  of  SC  elements,  com- 
pounds, and  alloys  (Fig.  3). 

Early  research  therefore  resulted  in 
several  basic  conclusions  about  super- 
conductors: (1)  in  general  (aluminum 
being  die  exception)  superconduc- 
ti\it\-  is  associated  with  high  room 
temperature  resistivit}';  (2)  supercon- 
ductor materials  become  superconduc- 
tive abruptly  at  a  threshold  tempera- 
ture above  0°K;  (3)  superconductors 
are  perfect  diamagnets;  and  (4)  a 
magnetic  field  causes  restoration  of 
resistance  and  the  critical  magnetic 
field  is  a  parabolic  function  of  the 
temperature. 

The  most  recent  and  currently  ac- 
cepted tlieory  of  superconductivity 
was  developed  at  the  University  of 
Illinois.  In  1957  Professors  John  Bar- 
deen,  L.  N.  Cooper,  and  J.  R.  Schrief- 
fer  created  what  has  become  known 
as  the  BCS  theory.  Their  theory  at- 
tributes superconductivity  to  a  gap  in 
the  energv-  levels  of  a  superconductor 
through  which  the  conduction  elec- 
trons move.  This  gap  is  produced  in 
the  following  way:  an  electron  moving 
through  the  crystal  lattice  collides 
with  it  and  subtly  changes  the  vibra- 
tional pattern  of  the  lattice.  This  small 
change  is  in  turn  communicated  to 
another  electron  traveling  in  a  direc- 
tion opposite  to  the  first.  In  this  fash- 
ion, which  can  be  properly  described 
only  in  quantum  mechanical  language, 
electrons  tend  to  interact  in  pairs  and 


in  such  a  way  that  their  energy  is 
reduced.  When  this  interaction  is 
summed  over  all  pairs  of  electrons 
traveling  all  directions  in  the  metal, 
the  net  result  is  an  over-all  lowering 
of  electron  energies  sufficient  to  leave 
the  energy  gap  postulated  by  the 
theory. 

Under  the  present  cooperative  re- 
search program  at  the  University,  the 
Fansteel  Corporation  is  interested  in 
finding  new  superconductive  materials 
that  are  more  machineable  and  that 
have  higher  critical  magnetic  fields 
than  presently  known  superconduc- 
tors. To  accomplish  this,  they  wish  to 
gain  some  expert  knowledge  in  super- 
conductivity; Mr.  Gentry  has  joined 
Dr.  Satterthwaite's  group  for  that 
reason.  The  interests  of  the  University 
are  to  produce  useful  new  knowl- 
edge, to  understand  the  basic  phe- 
nomena of  superconductivity,  and  to 
provide  research  training  for  the 
graduate  program. 

Finding  and  isolating  such  materials 
is  often  a  complicated  engineering 
problem.  One  of  the  most  recently 
discovered  materials,  a  compound  of 


SUPERCONDUCTIVITY 

Element 

T,(    K)   H. 

( oersteds ) 

Technetium 

11.2 

300-400 

Columbium 

9.22 

Niobium 

9.2 

2000 

Lead 

7.22 

807 

Lanthanum 

5.9 

1600 

Vanadium 

5.03 

1310 

Tantalum 

4.39 

780 

Mercury 

4.16 

413 

Tin 

3.72 

305 

Indium 

3.40 

278 

Thallium 

2.39 

171 

Rhenium 

1.70 

201 

Thorium 

1.37 

131 

Aluminum 

1.20 

106 

Gallium 

1.09 

59 

Uranium 

.68 

Zinc 

.79 

53 

Asmium 

.71 

65 

Zirconium 

.55 

47 

Cadmimn 

.54 

29 

Ruthenium 

.47 

46 

Titanium 

.39 

20 

Hafnium 

.37 

Table  1.  Transition  temperatures  and 
critical  fields  at  absolute  zero  of  the 
superconducting   elements. 


OCTOBER,    1963 


niobium  and  tin,  was  needed  in  a  fine 
wire  form  but  was  not  pliable  enough 
to  be  drawn,  as  wire  is  usually  pro- 
duced. An  engineering  study  at  Bell 
Laboratories  brought  forth  a  means 
for  placing  niobium  and  tin  powders 
inside  a  tliin  tube  of  ordinary  con- 
ducting material  and  heating  it  until 
the  inside  material  became  a  fine, 
solid  wire.  Currents  introduced  into 
the  resulting  "insulated  wire"  did  not 
penetrate  the  "insulation"  because  the 
superconducting  wire  had  much  less 
resistance— in  fact,  none. 


Figure  2.  The  Meissner  effect,  perfect  dia- 
magnetism,  oil  flux  exclucJed. 

It  is  such  problems  as  this  that  the 
members  of  Dr.  Satterthwaite's  group 
(including  Mr.  Gentry)  are  trying  to 
solve.  The  possibilities  of  rewards  for 
Fansteel,  in  terms  of  marketable  ap- 
plications, are  legion:  conventional 
magnets  using  copper  conductors  are 
capable  of  developing  intense  fields, 
but  they  require  immense  power  sup- 
plies and  cooling  systems.  In  contrast, 
superconducting  magnets  capable  of 
producing  comparable  fields  suffer  no 
heat  losses  once  the  field  is  estab- 
lished. A  superconducting  magnet 
consumes  no  energy  and  requires  no 
power  other  than  that  required  for 
refrigeration. 

Superconducting  magnets  promise 
to  provide  the  high  strength  magnetic 
fields  required  for  "bottling"  thermo- 
nuclear plasma  ( hot  ionized  gas  which 
would  melt  any  material  container); 
magnetohydrodynamics      experiments 


to  study  die  conversion  of  heat  di- 
rectly into  electricity  by  jDassing  a 
stream  of  white  hot  gas  tlu'ough  the 
field  of  a  strong  magnet;  particle  ac- 
celerators; magnetic  shielding;  float- 
ing rotor  gyroscopes;  no-loss  motors; 
magnetic  field-lubricated  bearings; 
improved  images  in  electron  micro- 
scopes; use  in  conjunction  with 
bubble  chambers,  where  greater  de- 
flection of  particle  path  will  simplify 
the  study  of  particle  interactions; 
frictionless  suspension;  high-speed 
computers  utilizing  neither  vacuum 
tubes  nor  transistors;  more  efficient 
storage  of  electricity;  and  metal  form- 
ing using  powerful  magnets  to 
squeeze  hard-to-work  metals  into 
complicated  shapes. 

The  program  in  superconductivity 
is  one  of  a  number  of  research  areas 
near  the  forefront  of  scientific  investi- 
gation in  which  the  University  is  en- 
gaged. "In  order  to  maintain  a  vital 
scientific  and  engineering  atmos- 
phere," according  to  Dr.  Satterth- 
waite,  "the  University  must  maintain 
a  high  level  of  research.  To  remain 
efl^ective  as  teachers  of  science  and 
engineering,  the  staff  must  actively 
participate  in  acquiring  new  knowl- 
edge, and  the  University  must  support 
research  in  order  to  attract  good  staff 
members.  The  rewards  of  research  are 
not  limited  to  the  staff  and  graduate 
students  alone;  many  undergraduate 
students  also  participate  and  make 
valuable  contributions  in  the  research 
programs,  working  as  laboratory  as- 
sistants or  in  honors  programs  con- 
nected   with     research.     The    entire 


SUPERCONDUCTIVEX 


TEMPERATURE 

Figure  3.  Typical  Silsbee  transition  curve  belo^ 
vtiich   a   material   is  superconductive. 


undergraduate  student  body  profits 
from  research  activities,  in  that  the 
teachers  of  undergraduate  courses  are 
up  to  date  in  their  fields  and  are  able 
tf  bring  the  latest  information  to  the 
classroom.  This  is  important  in  all 
fields  of  engineering,  but  especially 
so  in  a  field  like  superconductivity, 
where  this  morning's  discovery  is  not 
only  liable  to  be  this  afternoon's  prod- 
uct, but  perhaps  included  in  this  after- 
noon's lesson  in  the  classroom." 
[ .  .  .  and  probably  in  tomorrow's 
e.xam!  Ed.] 


The   First   Five  Years 
of  the  Engineer 

In  1958  the  University  of  Illinois 
College  of  Engineering  graduated  733 
engineers.  In  a  recent  survey  by  the 
Engineering  Placement  Office  to  dis- 
cover what  had  happened  to  these 
people  over  the  last  five  years,  some 
interesting  facts  turned  up:  438  of 
them  responded  to  the  survey;  the 
average  starting  salary  in  1958  for 
these  men  was  $486.83  a  month;  409 
are  gainfully  employed  today;  their 
average  monthly  salary  is  $809.48,  a 
gain  of  66.28' r  over  the  five-year 
period.  But— 83  of  them  had  taken 
out  from  one  to  four  years  to  complete 
an  advanced  degree,  and  99  of  them 
are  working  on  advanced  degrees 
now.  Another  103  of  them  spent  from 
a  few  months  to  four  years  of  the  five 
year  period  in  the  armed  services. 

It  is  obvious  that  the  graduates 
\\'ho  have  spent  all  or  most  of  the 
five  years  working  have  done  very 
well;  how  have  the  ones  who  took 
some  time  off  for  advanced  college 
work  done?  Of  the  409  engineers  now 
working,  those  with  no  advanced 
degree  have  an  average  monthly 
salary  of  $794.64.  In  spite  of  the  time 
they  had  to  be  away  from  their 
jobs  over  the  five-year  period,  those 
\vith  master's  degrees  are  averaging 
$846.84;  and  those  wth  doctorates 
are  averaging  $1032.71  a  month.  It 
appears  that  the  money  lost  in  not 
being  gainfully  employed  while  get- 
ting advanced  schooling  is  more  than 
recovered  in  the  engineer's  ability  to 
command  a  higher  salary  if  he  holds 
advanced  degrees.  Better  think  long 
and  hard  about  graduate  work.  .   .  . 


10 


TECHNOGRAPH 


WHO  DOES  THE  THINKING  FOR  THINKING  MACHINES? 


Even  though  we  didn't  invent  it,  we  at  American  Oil  use  the 
computer  so  extensively  in  Linear  Programming  that  we  often 
think  of  it  as  "our  baby."  And  as  such  it  must  be  spoon-fed 
known  data  by  experts  in  order  to  come  up  with  the  answers  to  a 
myriad  of  refinery  operation  problems. 

One  of  the  experts  at  American  Oil  who  helps  the  thinking 
machine  think  is  Leonard  Tenner,  24,  a  graduate  Chemical  Engi- 
neer from  M.I.T.  His  current  assignment:  prepare  a  mathematical 
model  covering  the  manufacture  of  gasoline,  home  fuel  and  jet 
fuel  from  crude  oil. 

The  fact  that  many  gifted  and  earnest  young  men  like  Len 
Tenner  are  finding  challenging  careers  at  American  Oil  could  have 
special  meaning  for  you.  American  Oil  offers  a  wide  range  of  new 
research  opportunities  for:  Chemists— analytical,  electrochemical, 
physical,  and  organic:  Engineers— chemical,  mechanical,  and  metal- 
lurgical; Masters  in  Business  Administration  with  an  engineering 
(preferably  chemical)  or  science  background;  Mathematicians; 
Physicists. 

For  complete  information  about  interesting  careers  in  the  Re- 
search and  Development  Department,  write:  J.  H.  Strange, 
American  Oil  Company,  P.  O.  Box  431,  Whiting,  Indiana. 

IN  ADDITION  TO  FAR-REACHING  PROGRAMS  INVOLVING  FUELS,  LUBRICANTS  AND  PETRO- 
CHEMICALS, AMERICAN  OIL  AND  ITS  AFFILIATE,  AMOCO  CHEMICALS,  ARE  ENGAGED  IN 
SUCH  DIVERSIFIED  RESEARCH  AND  DEVELOPMENT  PROJECTS  AS:  Organic  ions  under  electron 
impact ,  Radiation-induced  reactions  Physiochemical  nature  of  catalysts  '  Fuel  cells  /  Novel 
separations  by  gas  chromatography  /  Application  of  computers  to  complex  technical  problems 
/  Synthesis  and  potential  applications  for  aromatic  acids  /  Combustion  phenomena  /  Design 
and  economics:  new  uses  for  present  products,  new  products,  new  processes  /  Corrosion 
mechanisms  /  Development  of  new  types  of  surface  coatings. 


STANDARD     OIL     DIVISION 
AMERICAN    OIL    COMPANY 


IT 


STUDENT  DISCOUNT  ON 
ENGINEERING  ^ 

PUBLICATIONS 


The  Engineering  Experiment  Sta- 
tion has  been  in  the  pubhcations  busi- 
ness almost  as  long  as  Tl)e  Illinois 
Technograph—Tcch  started  in  1886, 
while  the  Station  didn't  begin  pub- 
lishing until  1904.  This  comparatively 
late  start  is  explained  by  the  fact  that 
the  Station,  although  it  was  the  first 
Experiment  Station  in  the  United 
States,  didn't  exist  before  1903.  Now 
this  newcomer  to  the  publishing  busi- 
ness has  asked  Tech,  with  its  long 
background  of  practical  experience 
and  know-how,  to  publicize  a  new 
policy  of  student  discounts  on  the 
younger  organization's  publications. 

In  order  to  respond  intelligently  to 
this  request,  Tech  staff  members  felt 
compelled  to  look  into  the  reputation 
of  the  Station  and  its  publications 
program;  we  were  finally  forced  to 
admit  that  their  credentials  look 
nearly  as  good  as  Techno  graph's.  Like 
us,  they  publish  a  considerable  num- 
ber of  publications,  they  distribute 
them  all  over  the  world,  and  they 
have  managed  to  get  them  into  the 
world's  best  engineering  libraries.  In 
fact,  and  again  somewhat  grudgingly, 
we  feel  obligated  to  point  out  that 
many  of  the  bulletins  and  circulars 
from  other  universities  are  available 
in  our  library  because  of  the  recip- 
rocal agreement  those  institutions 
have  with  the  Station  and  the  Col- 
lege: they  get  our  technical  publica- 
tions and  they  send  us  theirs.  There 
are  approximately  1,000  such  libraries 
around  the  world  that  have  entered 
into  this  trade  arrangement. 

In  view  of  this  successful,  if  short, 
history,  and  appearance  of  probable 
longevity,  we  have  agreed  to  do  for 
the  Station  what  its  world-wide  com- 


munications net  cannot  do:  communi- 
cate with  the  students  of  the  College 
of  Engineering.  The  announcement 
is:  effective  immediately,  students  of 
the  College  of  Engineering  can  pur- 
chase at  half-price  any  Bulletin,  Cir- 
cular, or  Technical  Report  published 
by  the  Station.  This  represents  a 
financial  loss  for  the  Station  because 
the  prices  of  these  publications  are 
calculated  just  to  cover  the  cost  of 
printing,  but  it  is  being  done  as  a 
service  to  the  student.  No  written 
approvals  by  instructors  are  required 
for  the  discount.  Students  who  wish 
can  get  a  list  of  available  publications 


free  of  charge  from  112  Civil  Engi- 
neering Hall.  End  of  message.  .  .  . 

We  of  Technograph  feel  that  this 
represents  a  fair  spirit  of  cooperation 
toward  the  students,  partly  because 
we  realize  that  if  we  had  no  more 
experience  in  the  publishing  business 
than  the  Station  we  would  probably 
have  to  reduce  our  price  too.  But 
since  we  are  the  oldest  continuous 
publication  on  the  engineering  cam- 
pus, we  v.'iW  maintain  our  price  for 
subscribers  and  give  Tech  to  the  stu- 
dents of  the  College.  Perhaps  when 
the  Station  has  been  at  this  as  long 
as  we  have.  .  .  . 


TECH  was  right;  they  are  half  price. 


12 


TECHNOGRAPH 


This  Brochure  Tells  How  You  Can 

Advance  Your  Professional  Career  at  Allison 


So,  you're  close  to  finishing  your  regular  college  cur- 
riculum. What  then  ?  A  job,  of  course,  but  how  about 
continuing  your  learning  ? 

Allison's  broad  education  and  training  programs 
encourage  the  young  graduate  engineer  to  seek  educa- 
tion beyond  the  normal  four  or  five  year  college 
course. 

We'd  like  to  tell  you  more  about  our  Advance  Study 
Program :  The  Tuition  Refund  Plan  . . .  Graduate  Study 
Program  .  .  .  Technical  Training  Program  .  .  .  and 
Accelerated  Experience  Program.  The  AEP  is  designed 
to  help  the  new  engineer  gain  on-the-job  experience 
in  the  shortest  possible  time.  It's  directed  toward  new 


engineers  in  Mechanical  Engineering,  Aeronautical 
Engineering,  Electrical  Engineering,  Industrial  Engi- 
neering, Engineering  Science,  Mathematics,  Chemis- 
try and  Metallurgy. 

Interested  ?  Talk  to  our  interviewer  when  he  visits 
your  campus.  Or,  write  now  for  your  copy  of  Allison's 
brochure,  explaining  your  opportunities  in  Advance 
Study  and  our  Accelerated  Experience  Program.  Send 
your  request  to:  Allison  Division,  General  Motors 
Corporation,  Indianapohs  6,  Indiana.  Att:  Profes- 
sional and  Scientific  Placement,  Dept.  1801. 

An  equal  opportunity  employer 


Allison 

THE    ENERGY  CONVERSION    DIVISION    OF 
GENERAL  MOTORS.  INDIANAPOLIS.  INDIANA 


OCTOBER,    1963 


13 


Floating  on  air... cushioned  in  foam 

Sleeping  is  like  floating  on  air,  when  the  mattress  is  made  of  urethane  foam  ...  a  mattress  that  "breathes" 
air  through  every  cell,  and  weighs  so  little  that  a  housewife  can  lift  it  over  her  head!  ►  By  combining 
exact  proportions  of  five  chemicals  from  Union  Carbide,  this  versatile  foam  can  be  made  soft,  firm,  or  rigid. 
Mattresses,  upholstery,  and  pillows  can  be  given  their  own  degrees  of  resilience.  Other  formulations  pro- 
duce superior  insulation  in  the  form  of  prefabricated  rigid  panels  or  foamed  in  place.  In  a  refrigerator  trailer 
body,  this  insulation  can  be  used  in  much  thinner  sections  than  conventional  materials,  so  cargo  space  is  in- 
creased substantially.  ►  Recently,  Union  Carbide  introduced  "climate-controlled"  polyether,  which  results 
in  uniform  foam  properties  despite  such  curing  variables  as  summer  heat  and  humidity.  Another  Union 
Carbide  development  is  production  of  the  first  polyether  for  flame-lamination  of  thin  foam  sheets  to  cloth, 
adding  warmth  without  noticeable  bulk.  ►  In  their  work  with  chemicals,  the  people  of  Union  Carbide  have 
pioneered  in  developing  polyethers  and  silicones  for  urethane  foam,  found  new  uses  for  the  foam,  ^^ 

and  shown  customers  how  to  produce  it. 


A  HAND  IN  THINGS  TO  COME 


UNION 
CARBIDE 


\VRITE  for  booklet  DD,  "The  exciting  Universe  of  Union  Carbide,"  which  tells  how  research  in  

the  fields  of  chemicals,  carbons,  gases,  metals,  plastics,  and  nuclear  energy  keeps  bringing  new  wonders  into  your  life. 
Union  Carbide  Corporation,  270  Park  Avenue,  New  York  17,  N.Y.  In  Canada:  Union  Carbide  Canada  Limited,  Toronto. 

14  TECHNOGRAPH 


A  YEAR  OF 
ACHIEVEMENT 


It  uuiild  be  impossible  to  oittUnc  evenj  activity  of  the  College  of  Engineer- 
ing last  year;  however,  the  following  excerpts  from  Dean  Everitt's  annual 
report  to  the  President  should  provide  students  with  a  brief  glimpse  of  the 
1962-1963  period. 


Educational   Programs 

Engineers  are  the  most  important 
product  of  the  College  of  Engi- 
neering, and  educating  them  is  the 
Colleges  most  important  project.  Con- 
tinuous stri\ing  o\er  the  years  for 
high  educational  standards  has  not 
resulted  in  low  numbers  in  the  under- 
graduate enrollment,  graduate  enroll- 
ment, or  degree  granted  columns.  Al- 
though comparative  figures  for  1962- 
63  are  not  yet  available,  the  record 
should  compare  well  with  the  pre- 
vious \ear,  when  the  University  of 
Illinois,  according  to  the  U.  S.  Office 
of  Education,  granted  more  engi- 
neering degrees  than  any  other  insti- 
tution in  the  United  States:  669  B.S., 
327  M.S.,  and  94  Ph.D.  degrees.  In 
addition,  53  B.S.,  56  M.S.,  and  27 
Ph.D.  degrees  were  awarded  in 
Physics. 

One  significant  happening  of  the 
year  was  that  a  new  program  in  the 
humanities  and  social  sciences,  re- 
quiring every  engineering  student  to 
take  at  least  18  semester  hours  in 
these  fields,  was  established. 

The  College's  Honors  Program  was 
quite  active  with  a  total  of  135  stu- 
dents participating,  and  several  new 
ideas  were  implemented  such  as  a 
program  in  Civil  Engineering  allowing 
carefully  selected  honors  students  to 
receive  tutorial  teaching  from  the 
staff  during  their  senior  year.  Stu- 
dent placement  acti\'ities  were  \ig- 
orous:  in  the  fall  of  1962  a  total  of 
314  companies  visited  the  campus  to 
inter\-iew  engineering  graduates,  and 


Dean  W.  L.  E 


385  of  them  \  isited  during  the  spring 
of  1963.  In  addition,  the  Engineering 
Placement  Office  published  and  of- 
fered to  industry  a  semester  report, 
an  annual  report,  and  a  five-year  re- 
port on  emplovTnent  of  our  graduates. 

Research    Programs 

The  year  witnessed  the  College's 
involvement  in  439  separate  research 
projects,  308  of  which  were  sponsored 
bv  32  private  companies,  11  industrial 
organizations,  7  private  foundations, 
and  36  federal  and  state  agencies. 
The  remaining  131  projects  were  sup- 
ported by  Universit\'  funds.  Research 
income  for  the  year,  the  highest  in 
history,  was  12y4  million  dollars.  The 
University's  nuclear  reactor,  the  only 
university-operated  reactor  licensed  to 
"pulse"  to  power  levels  above  250 
million  watts,  was  given  authoriza- 
tion by  the  AEC  to  pulse  to  one  bil- 
lion watts.  The  Materials  Research 
Laboratory,  made  up  of  five  partici- 
pating departments  of  the  College, 
completed  its  first  year  of  operation 


with  22  research  projects  in  progress 
and  plans  completed  for  its  new  head- 
quarters. PLATO,  the  computer-con- 
trolled automatic  teaching  system  of 
tlie  Coordinated  Science  Laboratory, 
was  given  multi-student  capabilities 
during  the  year. 

The  College  was  especially  active 
in  various  types  of  participation  in  the 
nation's  space  program  during  the 
year.  A  whole  new  research  program 
in  aeronomy  was  begun,  and  plans 
were  laid  for  the  L^niversity's  contri- 
bution to  the  NASA  rocket  program 
to  study  properties  of  the  ionosphere 
during  the  coming  International  Quiet 
Sun  Year.  During  the  recent  eclipse 
the  University,  in  cooperation  with 
Stanford  University,  carried  out  a 
major  study  of  the  ionosphere  from 
stations  in  Alaska,  Canada,  Illinois, 
and  ^Vashington.  Further  work  was 
completed  on  plans  to  cooperate  with 
NASA  in  placing  one  of  the  Coordi- 
nated Science  Laboratory's  electric 
vacuum  gvTOscopes  in  orbit  to  check 
Einstein's  theory  of  relativity  by 
measuring  g\ro  drift  rate. 

Public    Service   Programs 

In  addition  to  the  usual  large  num- 
ber of  summer  science  training  insti- 
tutes, short  courses,  and  guidance 
activities,  the  College's  public  sen  ice 
programs  were  increased  in  1962-63, 
partly  because  of  the  University's 
expanded  efforts  to  interact  with 
industry.  During  the  year  the  Board 
of  Trustees  approved  the  establish- 
ment of  the  Midwest  Electronics  Re- 
search Center  as  an  administrative 
mechanism  to  facilitate  increased  co- 
operation with  industries  in  elec- 
tronics and  related  areas  of  solid  state 

(continued  on  page  45,  column  1) 


OCTOBER,    1963 


15 


Your  future  in  engineering  is  his  business 


He's  a  Monsanto  Professional  Employment  repre- 
sentative... now  also  representing  the  other  members 
of  the  Monsanto  corporate  family:  Chemstrand  Com- 
pany, Shaivinigan  Resins  Corporation,  Plax  Company, 
Monsanto  Research  Corporation,  Chemstrand  Research 
Center,  Inc. 

Ask  him  about  the  diversity  these  outstanding  or- 
ganizations offer — in  geography,  activities,  prod- 
ucts—  diversity  that  offers  ever-expanding  oppor- 
tunity to  the  young  man  of  exceptional  promise. 
Ask    this    expert    in  jiitiires    about    the    future    the 


Monsanto   family  offers    you   in   research,   develop- 
ment, manufacturing  and  marketing. 

See  your  Placement  Director  to  arrange  an  inter- 
view when  we  visit  your 
campus.  Or  write  for  our 
new  brochure,  "You  and 
Monsanto,"  to  Manager, 
Professional  Recruiting, 
Dept.  EN-10,  Monsanto, 
St.  Louis,  Missouri,  63166. 


AN  EQUAL  OPPORTUNITY  EMPLOYER 


T6 


TECHNOGRAPH 


NATIONAL 
f  SOCIETY  OF  ^ 
PROFESSIONAL 
i ENGINEERS 


The  student  chapter  of  the  Illinois 
Society  of  Professional  Engineers 
ser\es  the  primary  function  of  pro\icl- 
ing  the  engineering  student  with  the 
opportunit>-  to  learn  and  understand 
the  professional  aspects  of  his  career 
—that  side  of  his  training  and  career 
\\  liich  is  not  pure  science  and  tech- 
nology. This  is  accomplished  through 
its  meetings,  through  its  publications, 
and  through  wider  contacts  with 
practicing  professional  engineers.  All 
bona  fide  undergraduate  engineering 
students  are  eligible  for  membership. 

The  chapter  was  organized  in  the 
spring  of  1961  through  the  efforts 
and  financing  of  the  Champaign 
County  chapter,  in  co-operation  \\ith 
se\eral  faculty  members.  The  first 
president  was  Lyle  Martin  of  Ag- 
ricultural Engineering.  The  national 
charter  was  received  a  year  later, 
and  formally  presented  last  fall. 
Across  the  entire  nation,  ours  is  stu- 
dent chapter  number  nine  at  a  major 
four-year  engineering  school.  The 
campus  chapter  is  affiliated  with  the 
State  Society  with  headquarters  in 
Springfield,  and  with  the  National 
Society  with  headquarters  in  ^^'ash- 
ington,  D.C. 

Through  the  ages  a  man  engaged 
in  engineering  was  really  a  military 
engineer,  and  it  was  as  late  as  the 
middle  of  the  eighteenth  century  be- 
fore someone  limited  his  practice 
strictly  to  civilian  projects— and  be- 
came the  first  "civil  engineer."  Now 
there  are  hvelve  degree-granting 
branches  of  engineering  on  our 
campus,  each  curriculum  having  one 
or  more  technical  societies.  The  pro- 
fessional   engineering    group    is    the 


i  of  Ihe   ISPE 
;no    L.    Keltner,   seci 


(left   to  righl)   Roger  W.   Daniels,   vice-preside 
ry;   and   (seated)   Timothy    E.    Swanson,   treasun 


Robert    E.    Seyler, 


only  unifying  body  to  encompass  and 
speak  for  all  engineers. 

The  student  chapter  plans  three 
meetings  this  fall: 

October  16,  in  Rm.  275  Illini  Union 
South,  "Unity  among  Professional 
Engineers"  showing  a  movie  "The 
Dew  Line,"  made  by  the  Bell  Tele- 
phone Co.  A  special  invitation  is 
extended  to  all  freshmen  and  sopho- 
mores to  attend  this  meeting. 

November  13,  in  Rm.  151  Electrical 
Engineering  Building,  "Unions  and 
the  Professional  Engineer,"  with 
Sander  B.  Friedman,  P.E.,  as  the 
main  speaker.  Mr.  Friedman  is  chief 
engineer  and  general  manager  of  the 
Universal  Circuit  Controls  Corpora- 
tion,  Skokie. 

Dec.  11,  in  Rm.  275  llhni  Union 
South,  "Professional  Engineer's  Lia- 
bility in  Design  Failure,"  with  George 
L.  Sodemann,  P.E.,  as  the  speaker. 
Mr.  Sodemann  is  with  the  firm  Sode- 
mann and  Associates,  consulting  en- 
gineers of  Champaign. 

All  meetings  are  held  from  7;()()  to 
9:00  P.M. 

The  current  chapter  officers  are: 
President,  Robert  E.  Seyler,  General 
Engineering;  ^'ice-president,  Roger 
^\'.  Daniels,  Industrial  Engineering; 
Secretary,  Gerlina  L.  Keltner,  Aero- 
nautical and  Astronautical  Engineer- 
ing; and  Treasurer,  Timothy  E.  Swan- 
son,  Ci\il  Engineering. 


The  faculty  advisors  are  Da\id  R. 
Reyes-Guerra  and  Robert  A.  Jewett, 
both  of  General  Engineering. 

Following  the  first  stage  of  its 
membership  campaign  during  regis- 
tration week,  there  were  78  active 
members.  These  students  wiU  receive 
The  American  Engineer  from  the  na- 
tional office,  and  The  Illinois  Engineer 
from  the  state  office.  These  students 
are  also  privileged  to  attend  meetings 
of  any  of  the  23  chapters  throughout 
the  state. 

One  of  the  requirements  for  mem- 
bership in  the  National  Society  of 
Professional  Engineers  is  registration 
as  a  P.E.  in  any  state  or  the  District 
of  Columbia.  Each  of  these  states  has 
its  own  law  and  examination  in  order 
to  certify  an  individual  so  as  to  pro- 
tect the  health,  welfare,  and  safety 
of  the  public.  The  law  states:  "The 
term  professional  engineer  within  the 
meaning  and  intent  of  this  act  shall 
mean  a  person  ^\'ho,  by  reason  of  his 
special  knowledge  of  the  mathemati- 
cal and  physical  sciences  and  the 
principles  and  methods  of  engineer- 
ing analysis  and  design,  acquired  by 
professional  education  and  practical 
experience,  is  qualified  to  practice 
engineering  as  hereinafter  defined,  as 
attested  by  his  legal  registration  as  a 
professional  engineer." 

(continued  on  page  48,  column  3) 


OCTOBER,    1963 


17 


m 


flJ 


the  IBM  story,  in  brief,  ibm  was  founded  in 

1914.  The  achievements  of  the  company  have  been 
exceptional. 

IBM  develops,  manufactures,  and  markets  machines 
for  the  handling,  processing,  and  control  of  data.  It 
also  installs  this  equipment  and  maintains  it. 

IBM  products  range  from  electric  typewriters  sell- 
ing for  several  hundred  dollars  to  complete  elec- 
tronic computer  systems  valued  in  the  millions.  In 
addition,  IBM  produces  advanced  systems  for  space 
programs  and  national  defense. 

IBM  systems,  equipment,  and  machines  are  at  work 
in  a  wide  range  of  activities  covering  almost  every 
field  of  endeavor:  in  business,  industry,  govern- 
ment, research,  science,  education,  and  space  ex- 
ploration. IBM  research  is  continually  exploring  new 
areas  of  interest  in  a  quest  for  basic  knowledge.  At 
IBM,  engineers  and  scientists  are  constantly  at 
work  in  the  development  of  new  methods,  the  de- 
sign of  new  products,  and  new  ways  to  apply  basic 
discoveries. 


We  welcome  ideas,  talent,  and  ability.  We  offer  thr 
man  or  woman  who  has  them  the  opportunity  U 
move  ahead  rapidly.  Above  all,  IBM  offers  room  fo: 
achievement. 

technical  positions.  Development  Engi- 
neering: Challenging  design  and  development  wor 
will  include  new  components,  machines,  and  othe 
products  involving  circuitry,  components,  dat  : 
communications,  guidance  systems,  logical  d{ 
sign,  magnetics,  mathematics,  microwaves,  optic; 
solid  state  devices,  statistics.  (A  B.S.  or  advance 
degree  in  Electrical  or  Mechanical  Engineerinf 
Mathematics,  or  Physics.) 

Manufacturing  Engineering:  Creative  application  t 
new  methods  and  processes  will  develop  advance 
automation  machinery  to  be  used  in  the  precisia 
manufacture  of  complex  devices  and  electron! 
equipment.  (A  B.S.  or  advanced  degree  in  Induj 
trial.  Electrical,  or  Mechanical  Engineering.) 

Programming:  Professional  opportunities  are  avas 
able  for  men  and  women  in  the  programming  off 
variety  of  computing  systems.  It  involves  definin 


18 


TECHNOGRAPH 


n^ 


p^ 


A 


UUDDD 


e  problem— in  business,  industry,  science,  or  gov- 
nment;  specifying  the  steps  which  the  computer 
ust  execute  to  arrive  at  the  desired  result;  and 
sting  the  finished  program.  (Bachelor's  or  Mas- 
r's  Degree— preferably  in  Mathematics,  Science, 
igineering,  or  Business  Administration.) 

;search:  Basic  research  covering  a  broad  spec- 
um  of  activity  will  be  expanding  at  IBM  in  such 
eas  as  mathematics,  physics,  mechanics,  optics, 
)lid  state  phenomena,  chemistry,  information 
leory,  machine  organization.  (An  advanced  degree 
Physics,  Mathematics,  Physical  Chemistry,  Engi- 
sering,  or  Engineering  Science.) 

asic  information  about  IBM.  Across- 


le-country  operations.  Laboratory  and  manufac- 
iring  facilities  are  located  in  Endicott,  Kingston, 
wego,  Poughkeepsie,  and  Yorktown,  N.  Y.;  Be- 
lesda,  Md.;  Burlington,  Vt.;  Lexington,  Ky.;  San 
3se,  Calif.;  and  Rochester,  Minn.  Corporate  offices 
■•e  in  New  York  City,  with  sales  and  service  offices 
1  180  cities  throughout  the  nation. 


The  accent  is  on  the  IndividuaL  Each  IBM  employee 
is  given  all  the  responsibility  he  can  handle  and  all 
the  support  he  needs  to  do  his  job.  Advancement  is 
by  merit.  IBM  is  an  Equal  Opportunity  Employer. 


Broad  education  programs.  To  keep  men  abreast 
of  new  developments  in  their  fields,  education  pro- 
grams include  on-site  courses,  advanced-degree 
courses  at  universities  near  IBM  facilities,  and  com- 
petitive, full-time  scholarships  leading  to  M.S.  or 
Ph.D.  Degrees  at  a  university  of  the  employee's 
choice. 


IBM's  expansion  has  come  through  continuous  in- 
novation and  through  new  ideas  and  products.  It 
makes  IBM  an  exciting  place  to  work  and  learn. 
It  also  offers  the  kind  of  responsibility  that  leads  to 
rapid  advancement.  There's  room  for  achievement 
with  a  growth  company  like  IBM.  Please  write,  out- 
lining your  interests,  and  we  will  be  glad  to  send 
you  information  and  brochures.  Manager  of  College 
Relations,  IBM  Corporation,  Dept.  915, 590  Madison 
Avenue,  New  York  22,  N.  Y. 


OCTOBER,    1963 


19 


TWO  NEW  CENTERS  FOR  DIRECT 


i 


INTERACTION  WITH  INDUSTRY 


The  production  of  consumer  goods 
in  die  United  States  has  traditionally 
been  the  principal  concern  of  industry. 
Before  World  ^Var  II  manufacturing 
did  not  require  strong  support  from 
basic  research,  nor  did  it  require  a 
large  number  of  engineers  with  edu- 
cation beyond  the  bachelor's  degree. 
Products  and  production  techniques 
changed  only  slowly  as  a  new  re- 
search development  gradually  found 
its  way  from  the  laboratory  to  the 
commercial  product.  But  now  that 
picture,  as  every  engineering  student 
knows,  has  changed. 

In  the  past  twenty  years,  the  time 
bet^veen  the  discovery  of  new  prod- 
ucts and  their  application  has  grown 
much  shorter.  A  far  larger  research 
effort  has  been  combined  with  faster 
development  schedules  designed  to 
get  research  knowledge  into  the  final 
product  as  rapidly  as  possible.  This 
acceleration  has  posed  a  new  set  of 
problems  for  industry,  problems  that 
might  be  grouped  into  three  cate- 
gories. 

First,  the  new  emphasis  on  research 
requires  a  closer  working  relationship 
between  basic  research  groups  in  the 
universities  and  the  applied  research 
and  development  associated  with  in- 
dustrial fimis.  To  remain  in  die  fore- 
front, industry  must  support  research 
more  fully  and  concern  itself  more 
directly  with  the  results.  Likewise,  for 
outstanding  up-to-date  educational 
programs,  universities  must  keep  in- 
formed about  new  developments  and 
new  discoveries  in  production  and  all 
other  fields  of  endeavor.  \\'ith  the 
present  emphasis  on  new  devices  and 
techniques,  today's  laboratory  curi- 
osity may  well  be  tomorrow's  product 
—witness,  the  transistor. 

Second,  industry  must  enhance  its 
ability  to  attract  and  hold  top  tech- 


nical and  scientific  minds.  To  be  effec- 
tive, research  and  development  re- 
quire creative  minds  of  the  highest 
caliber.  Industry  cannot  fall  into 
routine  patterns  if  it  is  to  get  the  new 
ideas  tliat  it  needs  to  remain  com- 
petitive. The  presence  of  university 
research  organizations,  working  close- 
ly with  industry,  provides  a  powerful 
magnet  to  attract  creative  people. 
The  academic  community  can  provide 
a  valuable  nucleus  around  which  a 
stimulating  and  creative  environment 
can  be  developed. 

Finally,  engineers  in  industr\-  ]ia\e 
an  increasing  need  to  continually  up- 
date their  technical  knowledge  to 
keep  pace  with  new  developments.  A 
imiversity  can  help  to  meet  this  need 
through  extension  courses,  short 
courses,  conferences,  and  its  regular 
academic  program.  In  addition,  uni- 
versities can  encourage  engineers 
from  industry  to  come  to  the  campus 
for  seminars  and  other  engineering 
campus  events. 

The  University  of  Illinois  College 
of  Engineering  has  provided  support 
for  industry  in  a  number  of  ways  for 
many  years,  including  research,  con- 
sultation, qualified  engineering  man- 
power, and  continuing  interaction 
with  industry  to  make  die  University's 
resources  and  facilities  fully  available 
in  the  most  effective  way  possible. 

Now  new  mechanisms  have  been  or 
are  being  developed  by  the  University 
and  the  College  to  facilitate  such  in- 
teractions with  the  industrial  commun- 
ity. Two  of  these,  approved  by  the 
Board  of  Trustees  earlier  this  year, 
are  the  Midwest  Electronics  Research 
Center  and  the  Production  Engineer- 
ing Educational  and  Research  Center. 

PEERC 

A  machinist  used  to  finish  his  day 
with  a  basket  of  chips  and  a  teacup 


full  of  broken  or  worn  out  cutting 
tools;  since  the  introduction  of  mod- 
ern superliard  alloys,  he  sometimes 
gets  a  basket  full  of  tools  and  a  tea- 
cup full  of  chips.  This  is  only  one  of 
the  many  problems  that  are  costing 
the  machine  tool  industries  and  their 
consumers  many  billions  of  dollars 
each  year.  Such  problems  will  be  the 
major  interests  of  a  new  educational 
and  research  center  established  on 
the  University  of  Illinois  campus  in 
1963. 

PEERC,  or  Production  Engineering 
Educational  and  Research  Center,  is 
an  interdisciplinary  effort  sponsored 
and  organized  through  the  participa- 
tion of  the  Departments  of  Mechanical 
and  Industrial  Engineering;  Electrical 
Engineering;  Mining,  Metallurgy, 
and  Petroleum  Engineering;  General 
Engineering;  Theoretical  and  Applied 
Mechanics;  the  Coordinated  Science 
Laboratory;  the  Department  of  Eco- 
nomics of  the  College  of  Commerce; 
and  the  Engineering  Experiment  Sta- 
tion. 

Some  of  the  many  aspects  of  pro- 
duction engineering  with  which 
PEERC  will  concern  itself  are  ma- 
chine tool  engineering,  metal  process- 
ing, mechanization,  automation  and 
control  engineering,  tool  and  manu- 
facturing engineering,  and  processing 
systems  engineering.  The  activities  of 
the  Center  will  include  the  de\-elop- 
ment  of  a  graduate  educational  pro- 
gram, the  strengthening  of  current  re- 
search areas,  the  opening  of  new 
research  areas,  the  evaluation  of 
foreign  developments,  the  develop- 
ment of  an  inclusive  library,  and  the 
dissemination  of  its  findings  througli 
sliort  courses  and  symposia,  lectures. 
Continued  on  p.  23,  col.  1. 


20 


TECHNOGRAPH 


gd/r\a/ 


/aerospace 
/southwest 
('pioneer 


GD/FW  is  currently  engaged  in  many  outstanding  projects  involving 
atmospheric  and  space  vehicles  and  systems.  Energetic,  creative 
engineers  and  scientists  are  needed  now,  to  help  solve  the  intriguing 
problems  involved  in  our  many  ambitious  programs.  ■  To  take  advan- 
tage of  the  opportunities  offered,  contact  your  Placement  Director,  to 
determine  when  a  General  Dynamics/Fort  Worth  representative  will  be 
on  campus,  or  write  Mr.  J.  B.  Ellis,  Industrial  Relations  Administrator- 
Engineering,  General  Dynamics/Fort  Worth,  P.  0.  Box  748,  Fort  Worth, 
Texas.  An  equal  opportunity  employer. 


GEIMERAI-    DYIMAIVIICS        FORT   \A/ORTH 


GIIIIIIIID 


OCTOBER,    1963 


21 


Opportunities  at  Hughes  for  EE's — Physicists  —  Scientists: 


from  the  ocean  floor  to  the  moon. ..and  beyond 


Hughes  sphere  of  activity  extends  from  the  far  reaches  of  outer  space  to  the  bottom 

of  the  sea  . . .  includes  advanced  studies,  research,  design,  development  and  produc- 
tion on  projects  such  as:  ®  SURVEYOR  — unmanned,  soft-landing  lunar  spacecraft 
for  chemical  and  visual  analysis  of  the  moon's  surface;  (2)  SYNCOM  (Synchronous- 
orbit  Communications  Satellite)— provides  world-wide  communications  with  only  three 
satellites;  (5)  F-111B  PHOENIX  Missile  System— an  advanced  weapon  system  designed 
to  radically  extend  the  defensive  strike  capability  of  supersonic  aircraft;  ®  Antl- 
ICBM  Defense  Systems  — designed  to  locate,  intercept  and  destroy  attacking  enemy 
ballistic  missiles  in  flight;  ©Air  Defense  Control  Systems—  border-to-border  con- 
trol of  air  defenses  from  a  single  command  center  —  combines  3D  radar,  real-time 
computer  technology  and  display  systems  within  a  flexible  communications  network; 
®  3D  Radar— ground  and  ship-based  systems  give  simultaneous  height,  range  and 
bearing  data— now  in  service  on  the  nuclear-powered  U.S.S.  Enterprise;  ©POLARIS 
Guidance  System  —  guidance  components  for  the  long-range  POLARIS  missile; 
®    Hydrospace  —  advanced  sonar  and  other  anti-submarine  warfare  systems. 

Other  responsible  assignments  include:  TOW  wire-guided  anti-tank  missile,  //irf  automatic  check- 
out equipment.  Hard  Point  defense  systems.  ...R&D  work  on  ion  engines,  advanced  infrared  systems, 
associative  computers,  lasers,  plasma  physics,  nuclear  electronics,  communications  systems,  microwave 
tubes,  parametric  amplifiers,  solid  state  materials  and  devices  . . .  and  many  others. 


B.S.,  M.S.  and  Ph.D.  Candidates 

Members  of  our  staff  will  conduct 

CAMPUS  INTERVIEWS 
November  6  &  7, 1963 

Learn  more  about  opportunities  at  Hughes, 
our  educational  programs,  and  ttie  extra 
benefits  Southern  California  living  offers. 
For  interview  appointment  and  litera- 
ture, consult  your  College  Placement 
Director.  Or  write:  College  Placement 
Office,  Hughes  Aircraft  Company,  P.  O. 
Box  90515,  Los  Angeles  9,  California. 

Creating  a  new  world  with  electronics 


HUGHES 

I  I 

I I 

HUGHES    AIRCRAFT    COMPANY 
U.  S.  CITIZENSHIP  REQUIRED 

An  equal  opportunity  employer. 


Two   New   Centers 

(continued  from  page  20) 

conferences,  and  interpretive  publica- 
tions. 

MERC 

liack  in  tlie  golden  age  of  tiie 
Greeks  the  principle  of  reaction  tur- 
bines was  demonstrated;  but  many 
hundreds  of  \ears  passed  before  the 
modern  ste;im  turbine  was  de\eloped. 
In  1948  Dr.  John  Bardeen  and  two 
colleagues  discovered  the  ti^ansistor; 
within  four  years  it  was  the  basis  of  a 
multi-million  dollar  industry.  How 
narrow  will  the  gap  between  dis- 
co\ery  and  application  be  tomorrow? 

Every  industrial  organization  ap- 
proaches this  problem  in  its  own  way 
—but  it  is  generally  recognized  that 
organizational  leadership  and  pros- 
perity in  a  rapidly  e\'olving  technol- 
ogy depend  on  dex'eloping  closer 
relationships  between  the  discovery 
of  new  knowledge  and  the  means  of 
applying  it. 

An  antidote  for  the  narrowing  gap 
between  disco\ery  and  application  in 
tlie  electronics  industry  has  been  con- 
ceived by  Dr.  John  Bardeen,  electrical 
engineer  and  physicist  at  the  Univer- 
sity' of  Illinois.  This  modern  approach 
to  the  problem,  the  Midwest  Elec- 
ti-onics  Research  Center,  is  designed 
to  assist  electronics  firms  in  handling 
the  complex  research  required  for 
military  and  space  problems,  new 
areas  of  ci\ilian  technolog\',  and  new 
product  development. 

The  Midwest  Electronics  Research 
Center  is  a  fle.xible  organization  cap- 
able of  quickly  devising  new  pro- 
cedures to  soh'e  unusual  problems, 
but  it  contains  a  number  of  estab- 
lished programs  calculated  to  aid 
electronic  industries  in  keeping  up 
u  ith  (or  ahead  of)  their  fields.  These 
programs  include: 

Applications  Forums  and  Seminars 

Cooperati\e  Industry-University 
Research  Programs 

Consultantship  Arrangements 

Continuing  Educational  and  Pro- 
fessional Development  Programs 

Interpretive  Literature  Publication 
and  Distribution  Activities 

Joint  Industry-\\ide  Laboratories 


In  addition,  MERC  sponsors  a 
\'isiting  Industrial  Associates  Pro- 
gram, which  pemiits  technical  per- 
sonnel from  industry  to  participate  in 
on-going  research  programs  on  tlK> 
College  of  Engineering  campus  at 
Urbana.  Participation  in  MERC  ac- 
ti\'ities  by  an  industry  man  carries 
with  it  a  cooperate  membership  ar- 
rangement that  facilitates  the  use  of 
existing  mechanisms  and  the  estab- 
lishment of  new  means  of  cooperati\e 
efforts. 

The  Center  is  a  catalyst  in  the  crea- 
tive idea  development  process  at  all 
levels.  It  provides  direct  assistance  to 
industrial  firms  as  they  seek  to  in- 
crease their  own  research  potential, 
and  it  helps  stimulate  basic  research 
by  Universit}-  staff  members  on  prob- 
lems of  interest  to  industry.  In  this 
way  it  is  a  mutually  beneficial  pro- 
gram; it  encourages  a  combination  of 
rapid  response  time  of  industry  with 
the  breadth  and  depth  of  the  Univer- 
sity's talents  and  facilities.  This  wide 
scope  of  University  activities  is  clearly 
seen  in  such  diverse  interdisciplinary- 
research  programs  as  the  Coordinated 
Science  and  Materials  Research 
Laboratories,  as  well  as  the  multi- 
faceted  research  activities  of  the 
Electrical  Engineering  and  Plnsics 
Departments.  The  Center,  as  a  co- 
ordinating agency,  establishes  the  tie 
between  the  idea,  the  pilot  model, 
and  the  product. 


Engineering   Departmental 
Reports  and  Theses,    1962 

This  new  publication  contains  bibli- 
ographic data  and  abstracts  of  re- 
search reports  published  by  depart- 
ments in  the  LTniversity  of  Illinois 
College  of  Engineering  during  the 
1981-62  fiscal  year.  The  bibliographx 
pro\'ides  information  about  papers 
wTitten  by  the  research  staff  which 
may  not  be  available  except  as  depart- 
mental publications.  Titles,  authors, 
and  advisors  are  presented  for  mas- 
ter's theses  and  doctoral  dissertations. 

Engineering  Depaiimental  Reports 
and  Theses,  1962,  Engineering  Ex- 
periment Station  Circular  77,  is  avail- 
able free  of  charge  from  the  Engi- 
neering Publications   Office. 


BIG 
DECISION 

For  Engineers   _ 
Jo-Be...   ■■' 

SHALL  IT  BE 


#9000  Castell  Wood 
Drawing  Pencil  or 
#9800SG  Locktite  Tel- 
A-Grade  Holder  and  -^ 
#9030  Castell  Re-  y 
nil    Drawing    Leads 


Perhaps  you  will 
choose  Castell  wood 
pencil,  because  you 
like  the  feel  of  wood, 
because  you  like  to 
shave  the  point  to  the 
exact  length  and 
shape   you   desire. 

Or  you  may  vote  for 
'uocktite  TelAGrade, 
the   lightweight   bal- 
anced  holder  with   its 
long  tapered,   no-slip 
serrated    grip   that 
soothes  tired  fingers. 
And  its  ideal  team 
Tiate,   Castell   Refill 
leads,    of    the    same 
grading,  undeviating 
uniformity    and    bold 
image  density  of 
Castell   wood    pencil. 

Whatever  your  choice, 
you  will  be  using 
Castell  tight-textured 
microlet-milled   lead 
that  gives  you  graphite 
saturation  that  soaks 
into    every    pore    of 
your  drawing  surface. 

Your  College  Store  car- 
ries all   three   famous 
A.W.Faber-Castell 
drawing  products, 
backed  by  over  two 
centuries    of    pencil- 
making  experience. 
Start  your  career  by 
using  the  finest 
working  tools  money 
can   buy. 


A.W.FABER- 
CASTELL 

Pencil  Company,  Inc. 

41-47  Dickerson  Street 

Newark  3,  N.  J. 


m 


I 

Mi 
■5 


i 


OCTOBER,    1963 


23 


THESE  GRADUATES  THRIVE  ON  CREATIVE  CHALLENGES... THEY'RE 


MANUFACTURING  ENGINEERING 

R.  A.  Busby 

University  of  Michigan— BSME— 1952 


DEVELOPMENT  ENGINEERING 

R.  P.  Potter 

University  of  lllinois-BSME-1959 


PROJECT  MANAGEMENT 

V.  H.  Simson 

Iowa  State  University-BSEE— 1948 


There's  an  exciting  challenge  ahead  for  you, 


K.  M.  Nelson,  Manager- 
Industrial  Control  Sales,  discusses  the  functioning  of 

Cutler-Hammer's  automation  teams,  and  how 
creative  graduates  contribute  to  pioneering  developments. 


For  over  sixty  years  Cutler- 
Hammer  has  been  a  key  con- 
tributor in  planning  automatic 
systems — now  called  automation. 

To  meet  the  pressing  challenge  of 
rapidly  expanding  industrial  auto- 
mation, we  have  formed  a  number  of 
automation  project  teams.  These 
teams  combine  the  technical  and 
manufacturing  talents  of  versatile, 
seasoned  specialists  and  young,  crea- 
tive-minded engineering  and  business 
administration  graduates. 

Their  primary  job:  to  make  sure  that 
a  customer's  automation  investment 
pays  an  adequate  return. 

How  do  they  meet  this  challenge? 
By  working  with  customer  engineers 
and  consultants  to  isolate  cost  prob- 
lems in  manufacturing  and  ware- 
housing operations.  Then,  by  apply- 
ing their  individual  disciplines  and 
creative  ingenuity  to  build  common- 


24 


TECHNOGRAPH 


AUTOMATION  PROBLEM  SOLVERS 


CONTROL  ENGINEERING 

B.  0.  Rae 

University  of  Wisconsin  — BSEE— 1957 


SALES  ENGINEERING 

J.  B.  Hewitt 

University  of  Colorado-BSME-1957 


ANALYTICAL  ACCOUNTING 

D.  R.  King 

University  of  Wisconsin  — BBA— 1957 


too,  on  a  Cutler-Hammer  automation  team 


sense  automation  proposals  that  can 
be  justified  economically. 

Automation  teams  work  together  in 
a  modern  500,000  square  foot  plant 
specifically  designed  to  house  every 
activity  involved  in  the  evolution  of 
a  system  ...  in  a  creative  climate 
that  is  conducive  to  imaginative 
planning  and  development. 

This  approach  has  paid  off!  Though 
industry  has  barely  scratched  the  sur- 
face of  the  automation  potential,  our 
credentials  already  are  quite  impres- 
sive. Jobs  such  as  the  U.S.  Post  Office 
mail  handling  systems  in  14  major 
cities;  a  pallet  handling  system  for  a 
mail-order  firm;  data  accumulation 
systems  for  large  steel  producers;  a 
number  of  automobile  body-line 
systems;  bundle-handling  systems  for 
30  major  newspaper  mail  rooms;  and 
a  package-handling  system  for  a 
prominent  publisher  are  just  a  few 


examples  of  our  automation  planning 
skill  at  work. 

What  are  the  advantages  to  the 
young,  creative-minded  graduate? 
Short  range,  it's  an  exceptional  op- 
portunity for  the  man  who  responds 
to  the  challenge  of  finding  new  solu- 
tions to  tough  manufacturing  prob- 
lems. Long  range,  being  a  key 
member  of  a  Cutler-Hammer  auto- 
mation team  is  an  excellent  way  to 
get  the  diversified  experience  so 
essential  to  steady  career  develop- 
ment and  future  advancement. 


WHAT'S  NEW?  ASK... 


Want  to  know  more?  Write 
today  to  T.  B.  Jochem, 
Cutler-Hammer,  Milwaukee, 
Wisconsin  for  complete  infor- 
mation. And,  plan  to  meet 
with  our  representative  when 
he  visits  your  campus. 


CUTLER-HAMMER 
AN  EQUAL  OPPORTUNITY  EMPLOYER 


CUTLER-HAMMER 

Cutler-Hammer  tnc,  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin  •  Divisions:  AIL;  Mullenbach;  Thayer  Scale  •  Subsidiafies: 
Uni-Bus..  Inc.:  Cutler-Hammer  International.  C.  A.  Associates:  Cutler.Hammer  Canada,  Ltd.:  Culler. 
Hammer.  Me.icana.  S.  A. 


OCTOBER,    1963 


25 


ENGINEERING  SOCIETIES  CALENDAR 

Even  tlioiigh  our  Professional  Societies  Editor,  Bill  Lueck,  did  his  best  to 
contact  the  various  societies,  all  could  not  he  reached  for  the  first  issue  of 
TECH.  Leaders  of  each  student  Professional  Engineering  Society  are  requested 
to  prepare  a  list  of  their  activities  for  the  coming  months  and  submit  it  to  the 
TECH  office,  48  E.E.B.,  by  the  fifteenth  of  each  month.  Meeting  dates,  places, 
times,  probable  agenda,  and  other  pertinent  information  should  be  included. 
For  fuiiher  information,  contact  Bill  at  the  TECH  office  or  S32-18S6. 


SOCIETY 

MEETING 

LOCATION 

AGENDA 

FUTURE   PLANS 

AMERICAN  CERAMIC 

October  29 

Not  determined. 

Talk     by    a    representative    of    the 

Special  plans  are  being  made  to  attract  fresn 

SOCIETY 

aerospace    industry. 

men  and  sophomores.  Speakers  from  industry 
will  speak  on  a  wide  range  of  topics,  both 
technical  and  non-technical  In  nature. 

AMERICAN  SOCIETY 

October  17. 

Agricultural   Engi- 

Not definitely  determined. 

Speakers   will   talk   on   topics   related   to  Ag-i- 

OF  AGRICULTURAL 

7:30  P.M. 

neering  Building 

cultural    Engineering,    and    a    prominent    perscn 

ENGINEERS 

In  the  field  of  public  relations  will  speak  a« 
one  meeting. 

SOCIETY  OF  WOMEN 

October  15. 

141    EEB 

Monthly  speakers  will   Inform  the  girls  of  posl 

ENGINEERS  (SWE) 

3rd  Tuesday  of 
each  month. 

tions  and  responsibilities  they  can  expect  as 
woman   engineers. 

AMERICAN   INSTITUTE 

November  b. 

253  MEB 

Warren    Beardsly    of    the    Reynolds 

AIEE  plans  to  have  Industrial  speakers  from  all 

OF  INDUSTRIAL 

7:30  P.M. 

Metals  Co.  will  speak  on   "Facility 

fields    of    engineering    along    with    a    combined 

ENGINEERS  (AIIE) 

Expenditures."      Refreshments     will 
be  served. 

student-adult    chapter    meeting,    a    plant    toy 
dinner-dance,    bowling    and    golf   tournaments, 
and  a   picnic. 

AMERICAN  SOCIETY  OF 

Tuesday, 

Room  279.  South 

Dr.     Ralph     E.     Peck,     professor    of 

The  ASCE  plans  to  sponsor  the  coffee  hour  Im 

CIVIL  ENGINEERS 

November  5 

mini  Union 

Foundation    Engineering    at    Illinois, 

mediately     preceding     the     Civil      Engineering 

(ASCE) 

will    speak.    Dr.    Peck    is  a    national 
director     of     the    ASCE     and     will 
speak    on    the    relationship    of    the 
student  to  the  ASCE. 

Awards  Convocation,  further  promote  the  en- 
lightenment of  its  members  with  the  various 
facets  and  interesting  happenings  within  the 
field,  and  stimulate  greater  participation  in 
the  membership,  activities,  and  planning  of 
the  society. 

MINERAL  INDUSTRIES 

October  8. 

220  Talbot  Lab 

Professor  T.  A.    Read,   head   of  the 

Student-staff    relationships    will    try   to    be    Im- 

SOCIETY (MIS) 

7:30  P.M. 

Department   of   Metallurgical.    Min- 
ing,    and     Petroleum     Engineering, 
will   speak    about    MIS— the  society 
as  a  whole  and  its  procedures  and 
obiectives.     Plans    to    visit    several 
plants    including    a    steel    mill    will 
be  made. 

proved  with  such  activities  as  bowling  and 
Picnics. 

AMERICAN  NUCLEAR 

Not  yet  scheduled. 

Not  determined. 

Not  determined. 

This  year  the  ANS  will  bring  at  least  six  well- 

SOCIETY 

known  men  to  the  U  of  1,  including  scientists 
from  the  Argonne  National  Laboratory  and 
Westlnghouse.  Several  social  functions  are 
planned  for  the  year,  including  the  traditional 
Spring   Beer  Bust. 

ILLINOIS  SOCIETY  OF 

Wednesday. 

275  mini   Union. 

A   color    movie    by    Bell   Telephone 

Discussions  at  this  year's  meetings  will   concen- 

PROFESSIONAL 

October  '6. 

South 

on    the   establishment   of  the    DEW 

trate   on   the    professional    side   of   engineering. 

ENGINEERS 

7:00  P.M. 

Line  will   be  presented  to  show  the 
cooperation  of  several   branches  of 
engneering.     Engineers    who     were 
actually   at  the    DEW    L^ne   will    be 
at  the  meeting  to  answer  Questions. 

Such  topics  as  labor  unions,  professional 
ethics,    and     professional     registration    will     be 

presented. 

Wednesday, 

275  mini  Union. 

Not  determined. 

November  13. 

South 

7:00  P  M. 

Wednesday, 

275  mini  Union. 

Not  determined. 

December  II, 

South 

7:00  P.M. 

Adult  Society:  first  & 

th'rd  Thursday  of 

each  month. 

State  Board  of 

Champaign 

Opportunity   for    professional    con- 

Directors: November 

tact  with    practicing   engineers. 

i   &  2 

AMERICAN 

F  eld  trip.   Monday. 

Contact  Tom  Degen- 

General    inspection    of    the    Cater- 

00"^ trip  is  planned  each  semester  to  acquaint 

FOUNDRYMAN'S 

November  4. 

hart.  176  Snyder.  MRH 

pillar     Tractor     Co.     foundry     in 

englneerirq    students    with    commercial    found- 

SOCIETY 

1:00  P.M. 

Peoria,    111.    Following   the  tour  the 
group  will  attend  a   chapter  meet- 
ing of  the   national  AFS   in   Peoria, 
receive    a    free    dinner,    and    meet 
many     prominent    foundry    officials 
in  the  Peoria  area. 

ries,  and  to  correlate  their  course  work  with 
actual  foundry   practice. 

AMERICAN  INSTITUTE 

Mid-October. 

Not  determined. 

Lecture    by    leading    representative 

OF  AERONAUTICS  AND 

a  specific  date  has 

of  an   aircraft  company. 

ASTRONAUTICS  (AIAA) 

not  been  set. 

AMERICAN   INSTITUTE 

Guest    speakers    from     industry     and     resear:"^ 

OF  CHEMICAL 

groups   will    be  featured   at  the   monthly   meet- 

ENGINEERS 

ings  Other  events  include:  Sponsoring  Engi- 
neering Open  House.  Industrial  field  trips. 
senior  banquet,  and  promoting  closer  student- 
faculty  relations. 

AMERICAN  SOCIETY 

November  20. 

Room  269.  Illini  Union 

Speaker  from  NASA  Manned  Space 

Weekly    movies    on    diverse    engineering    fields 

OF  MECHANICAL 

7:30  P.M. 

Flight    Center;     Business    meeting; 

October   16,   23.   &  30:  November  b  &    13:   and 

ENGINEERS 

refreshments. 

December  4  &  11.  To  be  shown  at  9:00  P.M.  In 
room  253  MEB. 

December  18. 

Room  273.  Illini  Union 

Speaker,  business  meeting,  and  re- 

7:30 P.M. 

freshments. 

January  7. 

Room  273.  Illini  Union 

Business    meeting    and    election    of 

7-30  P  M. 

officers. 

INSTITUTE  OF 

October  16, 

151   EEB 

A  speaker  from  the  Motorola  Mili- 

The   IEEE   is   planning   a   tour  of  the   Magna.:- 

ELECTRICAL  AND 

8:15  P.M. 

tary     Electronics     Division     will     be 

plant   in    Urbana.    which    is   engaged    in    a    nu^ 

ELECTRONIC 

present. 

ber    of    military    proiects.    Definite    time,    date, 

ENGINEERS  (IEEE) 

and  transportation  arrangements  will  be  an- 
nounced  later. 

November  5. 

151   EEB 

A    representative    from    the    NASA 

7:30  P.M. 

Lewis    Research   Center   wit!   speak. 

2d 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Tom  Thomsen  wanted  challenging  work 


He  found  it  at  Western  Electric 


T.  R.  Thomsen,  B.S.M.E.,  University  of  Nebraska,  '58, 
came  to  Western  Electric  for  several  reasons.  Impor- 
tant to  him  was  the  fact  that  our  young  engineers  play 
vital  roles  right  from  the  start,  working  on  exciting  en- 
gineering projects  in  communications  including:  elec- 
tronic switching,  thin  film  circuitry,  microwave  systems 
and  optical  masers. 

The  wide  variety  of  Western  Electric's  challenging 
assignments  appealed  to  Tom,  as  did  the  idea  of  ad- 
vanced study  through  full-time  graduate  engineering 
training,  numerous  management  courses  and  a  com- 
pany-paid Tuition  Refund  Plan. 

Tom  knows,  too,  that  we'll  need  several  thousand 
experienced  engineers  for  supervisory  positions  within 
the  next  few  years.  And  he's  getting  the  solid  experi- 
ence needed  to  qualify.  Right  now,  Tom  is  developing 


new  and  improved  inspection  and  process  control 
techniques  to  reduce  manufacturing  costs  of  tele- 
phone switching  equipment.  Tom  is  sure  that  Western 
Electric  is  the  right  place  for  him.  What  about  you? 

If  you  set  the  highest  standards  for  yourself,  enjoy 
a  challenge,  and  have  the  qualifications  we're  looking 
for— we  want  to  talk  to  you!  Opportunities  for  fast- 
moving  careers  exist  now  for  electrical,  mechanical 
and  industrial  engineers,  and  also  for  physical  science, 
liberal  arts  and  business  majors.  For  more  detailed 
information,  get  your  copy  of  the  Western  Electric 
Career  Opportunities  booklet  from  your  Placement  Of- 
ficer. Or  write:  Western  Electric  Company,  Room  5405, 
222  Broadway,  New  York  38,  N.  Y.  And  be  sure  to 
arrange  for  a  personal  interview  when  the  Bell  System 
recruiting  team  visits  your  campus. 


\^0StCftt     Electric   MANUFACTURING    AND    SUPPLY   UNIT  OP  THE   BELL   SYSTEM     (j^pJ 

AN    EQUAL  OPPORTUNITY  EMPLOYER 

Principal  manufacturing  locations  in  13  Cities    •    Operating    centers  in  many  of  these  same  cities  plus  36  others  throughout  the  U.  S.     •     Engineering  Research 
Center.  Princeton.  New  Jersey    •   Teletvoe  Corporation.  Skokie.  Illinois,  Little  Rock.  Arkansas    •    General  headquarters.   195   Broadway,  New  York  7.  New  York 


OCTOBER,    1963 


2T 


Picture  of  a  man  in  love! 


Young  engineers  seldom  fall  in  love  with  corporations. 

But  they  do  fall  in  love  with  their  own  work— when  they're 
given  the  opportunity  to  put  their  own  best  ideas  into 
action. 

We  are  seeing  these  young  men  in  increasing  numbers  at 
International  Harvester  .  .  .  men  of  many  talents  who 
come  to  us  because  of  our  unique  and  growing  variety  of 
independent  engineering  assignments. 

Mechanical,  industrial,  agricultural,  chemical,  ceramic, 
metallurgical,  general  and  civil  engineers  .  .  .  mathemati- 
cians, computer  technologists,  program  analysts . . .  these 
are  the  types  of  graduates  we  need  now  for  work  in  the 


design,  development,  engineering  and  testing  of  more 
than  a  thousand  different  products  in  nine  separate  engi- 
neering and  research  centers. 

International  Harvester  serves  three  basic  industries: 
transportation,  construction  and  agriculture.  World-wide, 
the  Company  is  the  largest  producer  of  heavy-duty  trucks 
as  well  as  farm  equipment.  International  Harvester  is  a 
leader  in  construction  and  earthmoving  equipment, 
a  major  steel  producer  and,  through  its  Solar  facility,  a 
pioneer  in  gas  turbine  development. 

With  an  eye  to  still  further  progress,  we  have  doubled  our 
research  and  engineering  expenditures  in  the  past  ten 
years  — and  they  are  still  growing! 


D 


o 


International  Harvester  Company 


An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


New  booklet  describes  our  engineering  and  research 
centers.  For  your  copy,  mail  this  coupon  to:  General 
Supervisor  of  Employment,  International  Harvester 
Company,   180  N.  Michigan  Avenue,  Chicago  1,  111. 

AN  INTERNATIONAL  HARVESTER 

REPRESENTATIVE  WILL  BE  ON  YOUR  CAMPUS 

SOON.  IF  YOU  WOULD  LIKE  A  PERSONAL 

INTERVIEW,  PLEASE  CHECK  HERE  D 


IPlease  Print) 

STiTF 

YFARGRAmiATING                                           . 

28 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Dear  Joe, 

I  hope  you  will  forgive  my  initial  response  when  you  osked  me  to  he 
the  October  Technocutie—and  thanks  to  the  passer-by  who  revived  ms  with 
his  smeUing,  salts.  I  onhj  hope  I  didn't  sniff  too  much  .  .  .  He  certainly  looked 
OS  if  he  needed  them  for  his  bourbonology  class! 

When  you  called  and  asked  me  to  jot  down  my  activities  and  other  "od- 
dities," I  suddenly  felt  alone  in  a  climate  of  "what  do  I  do?"  \Vell,  Joe,  Vve 
been  on  campus  and  a  Gamma  Phi  Beta  for  two  semesters;  I'm  majoring  in 
secretarial  training  (minoring  in  law);  and  my  home  town  is  Berwyn,  Illinois, 
a  suburb  of  Chicago.  I  haven  t  participated  in  many  activities  during  my  two 
semesters,  but  in  case  you  need  the  information  I've  been  active  on  the  Illio, 
International  Fair,  Niie  Lites,  Mom's  Day  Council,  and  a  participant  in  the 
Dolphin  Show  (Queen  Contest).  I  know  it  isn't  much  but  I  hope  to  do  more 
this  year. 

This  summer  I  worked  as  a  secretary  for  Kelburn  Engineering  Co.  in 
Chicago.  In  case  you  are  curious,  they  manufacture  timing  devices  for  elec- 
trical equipment  (how  interesting). 
Before  I  close,  Joe 

There's  a  little  something  I  want  you  to  know 
It's  been  siwh  a  ball 
Ju.^t  posing  for  pictures  and  all 
(Just  to  let  you  know  that  I  write  poetry  on  the  side— Egad!) 

Sharon  Trappina 
Ed.  .  .  .  The  repair  dep.utmciit  at  Kelburn  says  Sharon  is  ticking  fine,  but  in  case  you 
don't  trust  their  diagnosis see  you  at  Gamma  Phi! 


OCTOBER,    1963 


29 


To  Continue  To  Learn  And  Grow . . . 


...  is  a  basic  management  philosophy  at  Delco  Radio 
Division,  General  Motors  Corporation.  Since  its  in- 
ception in  1936,  Delco  Radio  has  continually  expanded 
and  improved  its  managerial  skills,  research  facihties, 
and  scientific  and  engineering  team. 

At  Delco  Radio,  the  college  graduate  is  encouraged 
to  maintain  and  broaden  his  knowledge  and  skills 
through  continued  education.  Toward  this  purpose, 
Delco  maintains  a  Tuition  Refimd  Program.  Designed 
to  fit  the  individual,  the  plan  makes  it  possible  for  an 
eligible  employe  to  be  reimbursed  for  tuition  costs  of 
spare  time  courses  studied  at  the  imiversity  or  college 
level.  Both  Indiana  University  and  Purdue  University 
offer  educational  programs  in  Kokomo.  In-plant  gradu- 
ate training  programs  are  maintained  through  the  off- 
campus  facilities  of  Purdue  University  and  available  to 


employes  through  the  popular  Tuition  Refund  Program. 

College  graduates  will  find  exciting  and  challenging 
programs  in  the  development  of  germanium  and  silicon 
devices,  ferrites,  solid  state  diffusion,  creative  packag- 
ing of  semiconductor  products,  development  of  labora- 
tory equipment,  rehabiUty  techniques,  and  apphcations 
and  manufacturing  engineering. 

If  your  interests  and  qualifications  lie  in  any  of  these 
areas,  you're  invited  to  write  for  our  brochure  detailing 
the  opportunities  to  share  in  forging  the  future  of 
electronics  with  this  outstanding  Delco-GM  team. 
Watch  for  Delco  interview  dates  on  your  campus,  or 
write  to  Mr.  C.  D.  Longshore,  Dept.  135 A,  Delco 
Radio  Division,  General  Motors  Corporation,  Kokomo, 
Indiana. 

An  equal  opportunity  employer 


solid  stote  electronics  4 


m 


Delco    Radio    Division    of    General    Motors 


</  ^^^       Kokomo,    Indiana 


30 


TECHNOGRAPH 


We  cool  an  astronaut  with 
100  times  less  power  than 

it  takes  to  air  condition  your  car 

It  takes  an  average  of  7  horsepower  to  air  condition  an  automobile.  You'd  think  the  complexities  of 
keeping  an  astronaut  cool  and  comfortable  would  require  at  least  as  much  power.  But  Garrett-AiResearch 

designed  and  built  a  system  that  requires  about  the  same  energy  as  a  60-watt  light  bulb.  And 
that's  important  in  space,  where  power  is  at  a  premium,  n  The  Garrett  system  takes  advantage  of  the 
low  boiling  point  of  water  in  space  to  absorb  heat  from  the  astronaut's  space  suit  and  spacecraft.  The  system 
is  tiny,  lightweight,  and  works  in  zero  gravity.  D  This  remarkable  cooling  unit  is  part  of  the  entire 
environmental  control  system  which  Garrett  supplies  for  the  NASA-McDonnell  Project  Mercury  missions. 
It  not  only  cools,  but  provides  and  circulates  oxygen,  controls  pressure,  and  removes  carbon  dioxide,  water 
vapor  and  odors,  n  For  further  information  about  many  interesting  project  areas  and  career  opportunities  at 
The  Garrett  Corporation,  write  to  Mr.  G.  D.  Bradley  at  9851  S.  Sepulveda  Blvd., 
Los  Angeles.  Garrett  is  an  equal  opportunity  employer. 

THE  FUTURE  IS  DUILDINC  NOlMf  AT 


Los  Angeles  — Phoenix 


OCTOBER,    1963 


31 


A  DECADE  OF  ACHIEVEMENT  IN  INDIA 

This  article,  from  the  Engineering  Publication  Office,  first  appeared  in  the 
September  ASEE  International  Newsletter. 


This  year  marks  the  tenth  anniver- 
sary of  a  new  era  in  engineering  edu- 
cation in  India.  In  1953  the  University 
of  Illinois  became  involved  in  dis- 
cussions about  an  assistance  program 
for  the  Indian  Institute  of  Technolog\ 
at  Kharagpur,  West  Bengal.  IIT 
Kharagpur,  founded  in  1952,  was  the 
first  engineering  college  established 
by  the  Indian  National  Go\ernment. 
Through  the  United  Nations-spon- 
sored negotiations  an  assistance  pro- 
gram was  established  with  the  U.  S. 
International  Cooperation  Adminis- 
tration, and  in  1954  the  first  contin- 
gent of  University  of  Illinois  profes- 
sors arrived  at  Kharagpur  and  went 
to  work. 

IIT  Kharagpur  has  become  the  out- 
standing engineering  school  in  India. 
Assistance  of  University  of  Illinois 
professors  under  contracts  of  the  ICA 
and  its  successor,  the  Agency  for  In- 
ternational Development,  has  played 
a  significant  part  in  this  success. 
Over  the  years  the  University  of  Illi- 
nois has  served  as  purchasing  agent 
for  1%  million  dollars  worth  of 
equipment  purchased  by  the  U.  S. 
Government  agencies.  More  than  a 
score  of  University  of  Illinois  pro- 
fessors have  been  at  the  Institute, 
both  as  full-time  members  of  the 
staff  and  as  visitors  making  executive 
insnections  and  giving  lectures  and 
serninars.  Hundreds  of  Indian  stu- 
dents and  faculty  members  have 
been  brought  to  America  to  study  in 
their  respective  fields  of  engineering 
and  to  learn  American  methods  of 
teaching  before  returning  to  India. 
Approximately  80"^,'  of  the  students 
who  came  attended  the  Unixersity  of 
Illinois. 

Today  IIT  Kharagpur  is  a  progres- 
sive engineering  school  with  1580 
undergraduate  students  and  287  grad- 
uate students.  The  school  is  strong  in 
research  and  graduate  training.  Last 
year  it  granted  20  Ph.D.'s,  1  D.Sc, 
and  165  Master's  degrees,  in  addition 
to  nearly  400  undergraduate  degrees. 


Improvision  is  essentiol  in  vast  areas  of  Ir 
materials  and  equipment.  Above,  Professor  Jar 
neering  Deparfment  shows  foundry  apprentice 
Kharagpur  how   to   dry  a   mo!d   and   core   using   a 


Leach    is  one 
last  ten  year! 


of   many   University  of   Illinois  faculty 


io  isolated  fiom  supplies  of  conventional  foundry 
;s  L.  Leach  of  the  Mechanical  and  Industrial  Engi- 
trainees  at  the  Indian  Institute  of  Technology  at 
vood  fire  when  they  have  no  drying  oven.  Professor 
nbers   who   have  worked   at   Kharagpur  over   the 


Of  the  287  students  doing  graduate 
\\'ork,  69  were  Research  Scholars  and 
Fellows,  41  were  teachers  trainees, 
and  the  remaining  177  were  post- 
graduate students.  The  success  of  the 
Institute  has  caused  four  other  similar 
institutions  to  be  started  in  India, 
none  of  which  are  more  than  four 
years  old.  The  Institute  at  Kharagpur 
has  served  as  a  model  for  the  other 
schools. 

In  addition  to  its  large  graduate 
program,  the  Institute  is  well  known 
for  its  outstanding  research  programs 
and  its  use  of  the  American  system  of 
teaching  and  evaluating  student  ac- 
complishments. Examples  of  current 
research  projects  being  directed  by 
University  of  Illinois  professors  are 
the  development  of  a  smokeless  fur- 
nace for  high-ash-content  India  coal, 
a  smokeless  locomotive  engine,  a  com- 
puter program,  and  a  central  instru- 
mentation services  center  as  a  model 
for  all  India.  The  American  system  of 
teaching  and  grading,  which  is  very 


much  diflFerent  from  the  Indian  sys- 
tem, includes  giving  exams  every 
term  and  grading  on  the  letter-grade 
basis.  The  other  Institutes  of  Tech- 
nology in  the  country  have  copied 
this  system.  The  Kharagpur  IIT  is 
also  known  throughout  India  for  its 
excellent  agricultural  engineering  pro- 
gram, \\'hich  was  developed  imder  the 
direction  of  U.  of  I.  Professor  Ralph 
C.  Hay. 

Professor  Hay's  work  is  unique 
because  he  organized  the  first  agri- 
cultural engineering  department  in 
India.  He  designed  the  building, 
organized  a  staff  of  teachers,  and 
trained  them  for  their  work.  He  made 
a  great  contribution  to  the  establish- 
ment of  an  agricultural  engineering 
program  that  is  considered  second  to 
none  in  India,  primarily  because  it 
was  specifically  designed  to  study  and 
solve  Indian  agricultural  problems. 
IIT  Kharagpur  is  presently  the  only 
educational  institution  in  India  offer- 
ing a  master's  degree  in  this  field. 


32 


TECHNOGRAPH 


The  Uni\'ersit>'  of  Illinois  has  long 
been  acti\e  in  international  educa- 
tional programs.  According  to  the 
Institute  of  International  Education 
in  New  York  Cit\',  Illinois  ranks  third 
among  the  states  with  the  most  for- 
eign students,  the  University  of  Illi- 
nois is  third  among  uni\'crsitics  with 


the  highest  foreign  student  enroll- 
ment, and  the  University  ranks  ninth 
among  U.  S.  institutions  with  the 
largest  number  of  faculty  members 
abroad.  The  work  at  IIT  Kharagpur 
represents  the  largest,  single  interna- 
tional effort  the  University  has  made 
to  date. 


During  the  past  year,  ten  Univer- 
sity of  Illinois  faculty  members  have 
been  at  Kharagpur.  These  men  are 
continuing  to  build  on  the  achieve- 
ments of  the  last  ten  years— a  decade 
that  has  seen  the  foundation  laid  for 
modern  engineering  education  in 
India. 


Lifted  From  Outlook 

Every  once  in  a  while  the  college's  newsletter,  Engineering  Outlook,  runs 
something  interesting.  When  this  happens  we  steal  it.  How's  that  for  student- 
staff  cooperation?  Sometimes  to  suit  oiu"  own  whims,  we  make  changes— and  we 
haven't  been  sued  yet. 


Science,  Technology,   and   Space 
Navigation 

Could  Albert  be  \\Tong?  .  .  .  \Xc 
may  soon  know.  A  new  electric  vac- 
uum gyro,  developed  over  the  last 
five  years  in  the  U  of  I  Coordinated 
Science  Laboratory  (C.S.L.),  is  po- 
tentially sensitive  enough  to  prove  or 
disprove  Einstein's  theory  of  rela- 
tivity. According  to  Einstein's  general 
theory  of  relativity,  the  spin  axis  of  a 
gyroscope  mov'ing  around  the  earth 
should  change  in  direction  a  few 
seconds  of  arc  o\er  a  year's  time.  This 
change  is  so  small  that  it  could  not 
be  measured  with  conventional  gyros, 
v.-hich  drift  much  more  than  that  in 
one  day.  The  new  CSL  gyro,  how- 
ever, is  virtually  drift  free  and  stud- 
ies are  now  under  way  concerning 
the  feasibility  of  putting  the  electric 
vacuum  g\TO  in  orbit  around  the 
earth  to  attempt  such  a  measurement. 

The  electric  \'acuum  gyro  was  in- 
vented by  Dr.  Arnold  Nordsieck,  who 
was  a  U  of  I  faculty  member  from 
1947  to  1961.  His  concept  has  been 
translated  into  an  elegant  precision 
instrument,  originally  for  nautical  nav- 
igation, by  a  group  of  C.S.L.  re- 
searchers under  the  leadership  of 
Professor  Howard  Knoebel.  The  in- 
herent precision  of  the  instrument 
promises  many  applications  in  the  fu- 
ture, including  use  for  space  flight 
navigation. 

Basically  the  gyro  consists  of  a  two- 
inch  beryllium  ball— balanced  and 
spherical  to  within  a  few  millionths 
of  an  inch— suspended  by  electric 
fields  in  an  ultra-high  vacuum  (about 
one  thousandth  of  one  billionth  of 
atmospheric  pressure).   Tliis  rotor   is 

OCTOBER,    1963 


The    hear!    of 

the    electric 

vacuum    C)yro 

3tor,     shown      v 

ith      support 

ng      electrodes 

eramic    spacers 

during     ass 

embly     into    th 

ounlable  vacuu 

m    housing. 

brought  up  to  its  rotation  speed  by 
induction  coils  which  produce  a  spin- 
ning electrical  field.  After  a  few 
minutes  of  initial  acceleration,  the 
power  to  the  coils  is  turned  off,  allow- 
ing the  ball  to  "coast,"  spinning  a 
few  thousandths  of  an  inch  away 
from  the  walls  of  its  chamber.  Ef- 
fectively isolated  from  the  rest  of 
the  universe,  the  rotor  will  continue 
spinning  for  years. 

In  the  laboratory  version,  two  pairs 
of  mutually  perpendicular  photomi- 
croscopes,  which  are  focused  through 
sapphire  windows  in  the  ceramic  hous- 
ing, read  position  data  from  a  zigzag 
line  etched  on  the  equator  of  the 
ball.  The  entire  gyro  assembly  is 
placed  on  a  two-a.xis  gimbal  which 
follows  the  motion  of  the  rotor  spin 
axis.  The  motion  of  the  gyro  relative 
to  the  stars  can  then  be  measured 
from  the  gimbals. 

A  careful  sequence  of  refining  and 
testing  have  resulted  in  excellent  per- 
formance figures  which  are  continu- 


ally being  improved.  Even  in  its  pres- 
ent form,  performance  is  far  better 
than  any  other  gyro  being  produced. 
Still  better  performance  is  expected 
when  presently  planned  modifications 
are  introduced.  One  of  these  ideas, 
for  example,  is  the  fabrication  of  a 
preshaped  hollow  rotor  which  be- 
comes perfectly  spherical  under  the 
natural  deformation  of  high  speed 
rotation.  Such  modifications  will  im- 
prove the  present  performance  capa- 
bilities of  the  gyro  to  the  point  where 
the  incredible  accuracy  requirements 
of  the  relativity  experiment  in  space 
could  be  fulfilled. 

Friction:  A  Tool   for  Welding 

Friction  is  a  paradox.  While  even 
an  engineer  couldn't  five  without  it, 
many  of  his  efforts  are  spent  in  trying 
to  overcome  it.  At  the  University  of 
Illinois,  however,  friction  is  being 
exploited.  In  the  Departinent  of  Me- 
chanical and  Industrial  Engineering 
the  heat  generated  by  friction  be- 
tween two  metal  specimens  is  being 
used  to  weld  the  specimens  in  a  bond 
as  strong  as  any  other  weld  currently 
in  use. 

While  the  phenomenon  of  friction 
is  not  yet  completely  understood  from 
a  scientific  standpoint,  the  process  of 
friction  welding  has  been  used  on 
metals  in  Russia  and  on  plastics  in 
the  United  States  for  several  years. 
Because  of  the  lack  of  research,  how- 
ever, its  application  has  been  severely 
limited. 

Friction  welding  studies  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Illinois  are  being  conducted 
by  Mr.  M.  B.  Singer  in  the  Mechanical 

(continued  on  page  43,  column  1) 


33 


Engineers 

In  Choosing  a  Career, 
Consider  these 
Advantages- 


Location:  Fisher  is  basically  an  "Engineering" 

company  with  1,500  employees  located  in  a 
pleasant  midwest  community  of  22,000. 
It's  less  than  10  minutes  to  the  Fisher  plant 
from  any  home  in  Marshalltown. 

Type  of  work:  You'll  become  a  member  of 
an  engineering  team  that  has  produced  some 
of  the  outstanding  developments  in  the  field 
of  automatic  pressure  and  liquid  level  controls. 

Growth :  Fisher's  products  are  key  elements 
in  automation  which  assures  the  company's      jj^^ 
growth  because  of  the  rapid  expansion  of  " 

automation  in  virtually  every  industry. 

Advancement:  Your  opportunity  is 
unlimited.  It  is  company  policy  to  promote 
from  within;  and  most  Fisher  department 
heads  are  engineers. 


If  you  want  to  begin  your  engineering  career 
with  one  of  the  nation's  foremost  research  and 
development  departments  in  the  control  of 
fluids,  consult  your  placement  office  or  write 
directly  to  Mr.  John  Mullen,  Personnel  Director, 
Fisher  Governor  Company,  Marshalltown,  la. 


//  it  flows  through  pipe 
anywhere  in  the  world 
chances  are  it's  controlled  by.. 


fISHER 


34 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Pardon  me  if  I  sound  as  if  the 
executive  position  I've  landed 
deals  with  the  whole  future  of 
the  world. 


It  does. 

Certainly,  there's  no  organization  today  conduct- 
ing more  vital  business  than  the  business  of  the 
United  States  Air  Force.  And  very  tew  organiza- 
tions that  give  a  college  graduate  greater  oppor- 
tunities for  responsibility  and  growth. 

As  an  Air  Force  officer,  you'll  be  a  leader  on  the 
Aerospace  Team— with  good  pay.  a  30-day  paid 
vacation  each  year,  educational  opportunities. 

How  can  you  get  started?  For  many,  the  best  way 
is  through  Air  Force  ROTC.  But  if  you  missed  out 
on  AFROTC.  or  if  there's  no  unit  on  your  campus, 
you  can  still  apply  for  Air  Force  Officer  Training 
School.  This  three-month  course  leads  to  a  com- 
mission as  a  second  lieutenant  in  the  United 
States  Air  Force. 

For  more  information  about  Air  Force  OTS,  see 
your  local  Air  Force  representative. 

U.S.  Air  Force 


OCTOBER,    1963 


35 


The  Society  Page 


Engineering   Activities 

We  hesitated  to  call  this  the  "Societ>'  Page."  Society 
pages  are  about  what  people  wear  on  various  social 
occasions  and  other  bits  of  trivia  which  do  not  belong  in 
an  engineering  publication.  On  the  other  hand,  several 
TECHNOGRAPH  staff  members  spent  over  twenty  hours 
contacting  and  interviewing  oiBcers  from  various  engi- 
neering professional  societies  and  Engineering  Council; 
our  efforts  turned  up  little  but  bits  of  trivia:  hence 
"Society  Page."  Our  conclusion:  we  aren't  quite  sure  if 
engineering  activities  need  a  sedative  or  a  stimulant. 

This  page  (and  other  pages  .  .  .)  was  reserved  to 
report  the  plans  of  the  engineering  societies  and  their 
officers  .  .  .  plans  which  seemingjij  do  not  exist.  We  say 
seemingly  because  we  are  confident  Engineering  Council 
and  the  Professional  Societies  are  in  a  position  to  have 
tlieir  most  progressive  and  constructive  year.  We  say 
this  even  though  the  kindest  thing  we  can  say  about  the 
first  Engineering  Council  meeting  is  nothing. 

Perhaps  it  is  as  one  professional  society  president  said, 
"Right  now  it  is  a  matter  of  getting  my  own  bearing." 
This  is  quite  understandable  and  we  are  willing  to 
wait  .  .  .  until  the  next  TECH  issue. 

We  hope  we  won't  have  a  meaningless  "Society  Page" 
in  our  next  issue.  Members  of  the  Professional  Societies 
and  other  student  engineering  organizations  have  indi- 
cated an  emphatic  desire  to  use  TECH  to  advance  their 
ideas  and  their  plans.  We  hope  we  \vill  be  able  to  report 
real  ideas  of  real  people  trying  to  do  real  things,  working 
together  for  the  benefit  of  their  societies  and  the  student 
body  in  general. 

If  this  is  not  the  case  by  then,  we  will  again  have  a 
"Society  Page"— \vith  pictures  sho\\ing  what  they  are 
wearing  these  davs! 


Open   House 

During  our  discussions  with  \ arious  engineering  acti\- 
ity  officers  and  other  students,  one  thing  was  unanimous: 
Every  student  we  talked  with  indicated  a  sincere  desire 
to  make  Engineering  Open  House  something  besides  the 
depressing  carnival  it  has  been  for  several  years  .  .  .  de- 
pressing to  the  college  student  participant,  and  a  carni- 
val to  spectators  who  get  nothing  but  trivia  from  it.  No 
concrete  ideas  were  voiced  by  these  students;  however, 
a  variety  of  "hints"  were  voiced  ranging  from  a  central 
theme  to  complete  elimination  of  Open  House. 

Subsequent  discussions  with  various  faculty  members 
revealed  a  similar  desire  to  improve  Open  House.  Mr. 
David  O'Bryant,  Chairman  of  the  faculty  Open  House 
Exhibits  and  Tours  Committee,  remarked  that,  "A  change 
in  Open  House  is  long  overdue!  Our  Committee  is 
prepared  to  give  engineering  students  and  their  societies 
all  the  assistance,  advice,  and  cooperation  possible  to 
change  and  improve  Engineering  Open  House.  Each 
Committee  member  is  prepared  to  enlist  the  aid  of  other 
faculty  members  who  will  gratefully  work  with  students 
to  change  it  and  make  it  a  worthwhile  event." 

Students  and  faculty  are  obviously  agreed  a  change 
is  long  overdue.  The  question  now  is  how  and  when. 
We  contend  that  there  is  one  missing  ingredient  to  con- 
structively change  Open  House:  ideas  .  .  .  ideas  that 
have  a  chance  to  get  out  into  the  open  and  receive 
the  scrutiny  of  students  and  faculty'. 

These  ideas  can  come  from  only  one  place— you,  stu- 
dent and  faculty.  Bring  your  ideas  for  changing  Open  ■ 
House  out  into  the  open;  talk  them  up;  and  most  im- 
portant, write  them  down  and  send  them  to  us  so  every- 
one can  scrutinize  and  help  incubate  them.  With  every- 
one's ideas  from  both  sides  of  the  lecturn,  we  guarantee 
a  change  for  the  better  ( things  can't  get  any  worse! ) . 

G.M.D. 


National  Electronics 

Conference 

October  28,  29,  30 

McCormick  Place,  Chicago 

fhe  doorway  to  a 

new  world  of 

Electror)ic  Achievement 

36 


The  Illinois  Chapter  of  the  Institute  of  Electrical  and 
Electronics  Engineers  is  sponsoring  a  one  day  trip,  Octo- 
ber 29,  for  all  EE  students  to  attend  the  largest  NEC 
in  history.  Special  and  new  product  seminars,  exhibits 
and  displays,  refresher  courses,  and  specially  organized 
programs  for  university  students  will  give  electrical 
engineering  students  a  preview  of  the  latest  challenges 
and  career  opportunities  offered  by  the  field  of  elec- 
tronics. A  wide  variety  of  activities  ranging  from  techni- 
cal papers  and  audience  participation  panel  discussions 
to  a  lectiu-e  on  "Man's  Attempt  to  Communicate  with 
Other  Species"  will  be  a  part  of  the  conference. 

Engineering  Faculty  members  are  urging  all  students 
to  attend  this  conference  if  at  all  possible.  Students  plan- 
ning to  attend  should  call  Marvin  Rogers  (367-2769) 
or  Bill  Mayberry  (359-1808)  after  6  p.m.  for  specific 
information  concerning  transportation,  registration,  and 
so  forth.  (Ed.  .  .  .  Our  apologizes  to  the  IEEE  for  putting 
their  non-trivia  article  on  the  "Society  Page.") 

TECHNOGRAPH 


An  idea  grows  from  one  mind  to  another. 


It  may  begin  with  nothing  important.  Just  a  word.  Or  a  notion.  But  as  each  succeeding  mind  brings  a  fresh  viewpoint,  the  idea  begins 
to  grow  and  mature. 

If  you  like  working  in  an  atmosphere  that  breeds  ideas,  you'll  like  working  at  Northrop.  Stimulating  minds  and  stimulating  proj- 
ects are  all  a  part  of  the  climate  here.  We  have  more  than  70  active  projects  in  work,  and  we're  constantly  evaluating  new  lines  of 
inquiry.  Projects  cover  such  fields  as  interplanetary  navigation  and  astro-inertial  guidance,  aerospace  deceleration  and  landing,  man- 
machine  and  life  support  systems  for  space,  automatic  checkout  and  failure  prediction  systems,  laminar  flow  control  techniques  and 
world-wide  communications.  ^^  ^^ 

For  more  specific  information,  see  your  placement  counselor.  Or  write  to  Dr.  Alexander   |kl^^|STftJ  Bl^l^' 


Weir,  Northrop  Corporation,  Beverly  Hills,  California,  and  mention  your  area  of  special  interest. 


OCTOBER,    1963 


37 


WHAT  DO  YOU  KNOW 

ABOUT  CO-OP 

PROGRAMS? 


by  Lawrence  Heyda 


Less  than  a  year  ago,  I  received 
information  concerning  a  cooperative 
training  program  sponsored  by  Mac- 
Donnell  Aircraft  Corporation  of  St. 
Louis,  Missouri.  After  reading  theii- 
brochure  and  interviewing  with  one  of 
their  company  representatives,  I  be- 
came interested  and  subsequently 
joined  their   co-op   program. 

Now,  having  completed  one  sum- 
mer's work  with  the  organization,   I 
feel  it  would  benefit  other  engineers 
to  learn  about  this  program  and  the 
unseen  advantages  which  it  offers.  As 
their  brochure  points  out,  "basically, 
the  cooperative  plan  is  the  integration 
of  classroom  work  and  practical  in- 
dustrial  experience   in   an   organized 
program  under  which  college   engi- 
neering students  alternate  periods  of 
attendance  at  college  with  periods  of 
employment  in  industry.  The  student's 
employment  is  related  to  his  field  of 
study  and  his  industrial  assignments 
increase    in    complexity    as    he    pro- 
gresses  through   his   college   curricu- 
lum.  The   rates    of   pay   are    on    an 
ascending  scale,  increasing  each  aca- 
demic year  and  are  paid  on  an  hourly 
basis    for    a    forty-hour    work    week 
during  the  scheduled  in-plant  assign- 
ments." The  entire  program  extends 
the  nonnal  four-year   curriculum   to 
only  five  years. 

A  co-op  program  offers  many  ad- 
vantages but  these  advantages  often 
pass  unnoticed  before  the  analytical 
eyes  of  many  engineering  students.  I 
shall  therefore  describe  some  of  them 
in  tlie  hope  that  you  will  investigate 
further  if  you  feel  such  a  program  is 
for  you.  Remember  that  many  of  the 
opportunities  which  this  particular 
program  offers  are  also  a  part  of  other 
co-op  programs. 


38 


lj 

e 

rollec 

in 

the 

five 

yea 

r     progrc 

ng 

M 

■chan 

col 

Engir 

eerir 

9     ° 

nd     Engl 

He 

is 

a    sc 

pho 

more 

and 

has 

spent    o 

ki 

ig  for 

Ma 

Donr 

ell  u 

nder 

their  CO- 

Co-op  Advantages 

Foremost  in  every  student's  mind 
is  the  subject  of  money— the  funds  he 
needs  each  semester  to  finance  his 
college  education.  MacDonnell  co-op 
students  work  every  other  semester 
and  earn  enough  money  to  finance  a 
full  semester  at  the  University  of 
Illinois.  To  be  specific,  my  salary  this 
summer  was  $1.93  per  hour  and  it  will 
increase  by  ten  cents  each  time  I 
retiun  for  a  new  work  session.  For  an 
average  twelve-week  work  period,  the 
wages  total  $926.40  before  taxes. 

A  second  big  advantage  of  tliis  type 
of  program  is  the  year  of  industrial 
experience  students  obtain  while  at- 
tending college.  As  a  result  the  stu- 
dent obtains  t^vo  benefits:  valuable 
industrial  education  and  an  opportu- 
nity for  a  higher  starting  salary  when 
he    graduates.    Industrial    co-op    pro- 


grams, such  as  MacDonnell's,  are  also 
highly  respected  by  other  industries 
across  the  country  who  are  eager  to 
hire  graduates  of  the  program. 

Another  important  student  benefit 
is  the  opportunity  he  has  to  explore 
in  industry  the  areas  of  engineering 
in  which  he  may  specialize  after 
graduation.  MacDonnell's  plan  allows 
students  to  work  in  any  or  all  major 
areas  of  their  company:  manufactur- 
ing and  service,  engineering  design 
and  analysis,  and  engineering  labora- 
tory operations.  Thus  the  co-op  stu- 
dent obtains  a  wide  view  of  current 
competitive  industry  and  a  back- 
ground from  which  he  can  choose  his 
field  with  a  broader  understanding 
of  other  areas. 

These  are  the  advantages  which 
most  co-op  programs  provide.  In  par- 
ticular, my  stay  at  MacDonnell  ga\c 
me  an  additional  benefit  which  I  had 
not  previously  anticipated.  Since  Mac- 
Donnell is  responsible  for  Mercury, 
Gemini,  and  other  government  space 
projects,  I  returned  to  classes  feeling 
that  I  had  done  my  own  small  part  in 
furthering  the  free  world's  progress 
toward  peace  and  the  conquest  of 
space. 

This  cooperative  plan  and  similar 
ones  have  much  to  offer.  Why  not 
look  into  them  yourself?  Regardless 
of  whether  you  decide  positively  or 
negatively,  your  time  will  not  be 
wasted.  If  you  are  in  high  school,  ap- 
plication can  be  made  through  your 
high  school  counselor.  If  you  are  a  U 
of  I  student  watch  for  co-op  pro- 
gram notices  on  the  bulletin  boards. 
You  may  find,  as  I  did,  that  the  pro- 
gram ideally  fits  your  needs. 

TECHNOGRAPH 


FROM  THE  LAUNCHING  TO  THE  TARGET.  EVERY 
MAJOR  U.  S.  MISSILE  DEPENDS  UPON  SYSTEMS, 
SUB-SYSTEMS  OR  COMPONENTS  DESIGNED, 
DEVELOPED    OR    PRODUCED    BY    BENDIX    TALENTS 


FOUR  OF  THE  U.S.  SPACE  DETECTIVES  THAT  SPOT, 
SHADOW  AND  REPORT  ON  EVERY  MAN  LAUNCHED 
OBJECT  IN  OUTER  SPACE  DEPEND  ON  EOUIPMENT 
OR    TECHNICIANS,    OR    BOTH,    SUPPLIED    BY    BENDIX 


EVERY  TIME  YOU  BRAKE  YOUR  CAR.  CHANCES  ARE 
YOU  DEPEND  UPON  BENDIX.  SINCE  1924  BENDIX 
HAS  DESIGNED  AND  BUILT  MORE  BRAKES  FOR  MORE 
CMFFERENT    VEHICLES   THAN   ANY    OTHER   PRODUCER 


TODAY.  AUTOMATED  TAPE- CONTROLLED  MANUFAC- 
TURING AS  DEVELOPED  BY  BENDIX  HELPS  TURN 
BLUEPRINTS  INTO  FINISHED  PRODUCTS.  GETS  PROTO- 
TYPES    INTO     PRODUCTION     FOUR     TIMES     FASTER 


L-- 


IN  THE  CONQUEST  OF  THE  UNKNOWN,  BENDIX 
RESEARCH  AND  DEVELOPMENT  IS  EXTENDING 
MAN'S  ABILITY  TO  COMMUNICATE  THROUGH  THE 
OCEAN   DEPTHS  AS  READILY  AS  THROUGH  SPACE 


AT  TAKE  OFF.  IN  THE  AIR,  ON  LANDING  .  .  .  WHENEVER 
MAN  FLIES,  IT  S  LIKELY  BENDIX  EQUIPMENT  MAKES 
HIS  TRIP  SMOOTHER.  SAFER.  BENDIX  HAS  LOGGED 
MORE  FLIGHT  TIME  THAN  ANY   NAME  IN  AVIATION 


WHEN  SPACE  TRAVEL  BECOMES  A  REALITY,  PILOTS 
WILL  RELY  ON  DEVICES  CONCEIVED  AND  DEVELOPED 
BY  BENDIX  TO  NAVIGATE.  GUIDE  AND  STABILIZE 
THEIR  SHIPS,  AND  RETURN  THEM  SAFELY   TO  EARTH 


CREATIVE  ENGINEERING  . . .  Q.E.D. 


Thevariety  of  challenges  The  Bendix 
Corporation  offers  the  college  gradu- 
ate is  practically  unlimited.  Bendix 
participates  in  almost  every  phase  of 
the  space,  missile,  aviation,  elec- 
tronics, automotive,  oceanics  and 
automation  fields.  We  employ  top- 
notch  engineers,  physicists,  and 
mathematicians  for  advanced  prod- 


uct development  to  further  Bendix 
leadership  in  these  fields. 

Bendix  operates  32  divisions  and 
subsidiaries  in  the  United  States, 
and  12  subsidiaries  and  affiliates  in 
Canada  and  overseas.  Our  1950 
sales  volume  was  $210  million.  Last 
year  it  was  over  $750  million. 

Look  over  the  materials  we  have  in 


your  school's  placement  office.  Talk 
to  our  representative  when  he's  on 
campus.  If  you'd  like  a  copy  of  our 
booklet  "Build  Your  Career  to  Suit 
Your  Talents,"  write  Dr.  A.  C. 
Canfield,  Director  of  University  and 
Scientific  Relations,  The  Bendix  Cor- 
poration, Fisher  Building,  Detroit  2, 
Mich.  An  equal  opportunity  employer. 


WHERE  IDEAS 

UNLOCK 

THE  FUTURE 


^x^Oim^r 


FISHER  BUILDING.  DETROIT  2.  MICH, 

THERE   ARE    BENDIX    DIVISIONS    IN:   CALIFORNIA,    MISSOURI,    IOWA,    OHIO,    INDIANA.    MICHIGAN,    PENNSYLVANIA,    NEW  YORK,    NEW  JERSEY,    MARYLAND. 


OCTOBER,    1963 


39 


T 


gesnip  for  more 


Result:  All  3-speed  manual 
transmissions  in 
Ford-built  cars  with  V-8's 
now  are  fully  synchronized 
in  each  forward  gear 


To  get  more  "go"  in  low,  Ford  engineers 
were  asked  to  upgrade  the  conventional 
3-speed  transnnission  to  give  drivers 
more  control  in  ail  three  forward  gears— 
to  make  "low"  a  driving  gear— and  they 
tackled  the  problem  imaginatively. 

Their  achievement,  another  Ford  First, 
is  the  only  U.S.  3-speed  manual  trans- 
mission with  all  three  forward  gears 
fully  synchronized  I  No  need  now  to  come 
to  a  complete  stop  when  you  shift  into 
low— and  no  clashing  gears!  It  lets  you 
keep  more  torque  on  tap  for  negotiating 
sharp  turns  and  steep  grades.  It  makes 
driving  more  flexible,  more  pleasurable. 

Another  assignment  completed  and 
another  example  of  how  engineering 
leadership  at  Ford  provides  fresh  ideas 
for  the  American  Road. 


SoTcC 


MOTOR     COMPANY 

The  American  Road,  Dearborn,  Michigan 

IMHERE   ENGINEERING    LEADERSHIP 

BRINGS  YOU   BETTER-BUILT  CARS 


Shown:  196 Jt  Ford  Galaxie  500/ XL  two-door  hardtop 


40 


TECHNOGRAP 


Construction  in  Blui 


Art,  New  York.  Motion-study  photograph  by  Herbe: 


What  makes  a  Company  "Modern"? 


Not  size.  Not  capital  resources.  Certainly  not 
age.  At  Celanese,  we  believe  it  is  the  degree  to 
which  a  company  is  equipped  to  meet  the  present 
and  future  needs  of  its  customers. 

Efficient  plant.  Contemporary  product.  Aggres- 
sive management.  Industrious  work  force.  The 
abihty  to  think  ahead  of  the  situation  and  be  ready 
for  the  problem  when  it  occurs. 

Celanese /;a/)/)ens  to  be  a  young  company.  Much 
more  important,  it's  a  modern  company. 
-     Perhaps  you're  among  the  men  who  will  help 


keep  us  modern.  If  you  are  trained  in  chemical 
engineering,  electrical  engineering,  mechanical 
engineering,  chemistry,  or  physics,  we  hope  you 
will  stop  in  to  see  our  representative  when  he 
visits  your  campus.  Or  write  directly  to  us,  briefly 
outlining  your  background. 

Address  your  correspondence  to:  Edmond  J. 
Corry,  Supervisor  of  College  Relations,  Celanese 
Corporation  of  America,  522  Fifth  Avenue, 
New  York  36,  New  York.  ccu„«d® 

AN  EQUAL  OPPORTUNITY  EMPLOYER 


C3^^ 


■*^ig<4ig> 


CHEMICALS    FIBERS    POLYMERS    PLASTICS 


OCTOBER,    1963 


41 


Would  you  like  to  choose 

from  a  broad  spectrum  of  openings? 


J      Would  you  welcome  an  early  chance 
to  work  on  whole  projects? 


Do  you  give  high  priority 
to  fewer  steps  to  the  top? 


Do  you  tend  to  prefer 

a  formal  training  program? 


Can  you  handle  the  challenges 
of  early  responsibility? 


Is  job  security  one  of  your 
most  important  factors? 


Is  choice  of  geographical  location 
important  to  you? 


Will  employee  benefits 

strongly  influence  your  decision? 


Do  you  welcome 

individual  attention  by  management? 


Is  unlimited  growth  opportunity 
an  important  prerequisite? 


Test  yourself.  Are  you  a  small  or  large  company  man? 


If  you  answered  "yes"  to  six  or 
more  questions,  it  indicates  that 
you're  strongly  attracted  by  the  ad- 
vantages of  both  large  and  small 
companies.  If  so,  you  might  be  espe- 
cially interested  in  Babcock  &  Wil- 
cox, a  manufacturer  primarily  con- 
cerned with  the  conversion  and 
control  of  energy. 

B&W  is  certainly  a  large  and  pro- 
gressive company.  Its  1962  sales,  for 
example,  were  more  than  $330  mil- 
lion. And  every  year,  B&W  invests 
millions  in  research  and  develop- 
ment. B&W  can  offer  you  all  the  ad- 


vantages of  a  large  company— train- 
ing program,  wide  variety  of  job 
openings  (17  facilities  in  10  states), 
plus  the  security  and  benefits  of  a 
large  96-year-old  company. 

B&W  can  also  be  considered  a 
small  company.  There  are  154  larger 
industrial  companies  in  the  U.S. 
Growth  opportunities  are  enormous. 
Yet  only  60  bachelor-level  students 
will  be  hired  this  year.  This  select 
group  will  be  given  an  opportunity 
to  work  on  important  projects  at  an 
early  stage  in  their  professional 
careers. 


Right  now,  B&W  has  challenging 
job  openings  for  both  graduate  and 
undergraduate  engineers  and  scien- 
tists, including  M.E.,  E.E.,  Ch.E., 
Met.E.,  Cer.E.,  Nuc.E.,  chemists  and 
physicists.  For  more  information, 
talk  to  the  B&W  interviewer  when 
he  is  on  your  campus  or  write  to 
J.  W.  Andeen  for  "Your  Career  Op- 
portunity at  Babcock  &  Wilcox." 
The  Babcock  &  Wilcox  Co.,  161  East 
42nd  Street,  New  York  17,  N.  Y. 

An  equal  opportunity  employer 

Babcock  &  Wilcox 


42 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Friction:   A   Tool   for   Welding 

(continued  from  page  33) 

Engineering  Welding  Laboratory. 
Tests  have  been  conducted  primarih" 
on  low-carbon  steels,  although  a  few 
other  materials  have  been  tested.  The 
weld,  produced  by  rotating  one  speci- 
men while  pressing  another  specimen 
against  it.  occurs  in  four  stages:  wear 
in,  preheat,  constant  heat,  and  upset. 
The  whole  process  takes  less  than  four 
seconds  for  a  Va -inch-diameter  speci- 
men, and  can  be  achieved  using  a 
modified  lathe.  Less  power  is  con- 
sumed by  this  system  than  by  arc  or 
resistance  welding,  and  no  special 
ecjuipment  is  needed  to  weld  many 
dissimilar  metals.  Further,  there  is  no 
contamination  from  the  heat  source, 
and  studies  of  welding  environments 
are  feasible. 

One  of  the  current  questions  being 
considered  in  this  project  concerns 
the  welding  of  malleable  iron,  which 
loses  its  malleability  when  subjected 
to  high  temperatures  for  long  periods 
of  time.  Because  of  the  short  welding 
time  the  problem  of  brittleness  in 
TTialleable  iron  welds  may  be  over- 
come b\-  this  technique.  The  basic 
properties  of  materials  are  also  being 
investigated  for  this  process.  For  in- 
stance, the  transition  temperature  of 
the  base  material  is  being  established 
and  subseqent  tests  on  transition  tem- 
peratures in  the  weld  area  will  be 
conducted.  Once  the  principles  be- 
hind this  welding  process  are  more 
fully  understood,  the  area  of  appli- 
cation ma\-  broaden  considerably.  In 
addition,  knowledge  will  be  gained 
of    the    phenomena    of    friction,    the 


generation  of  heat  by  friction,  and  the 
deformation  of  materials. 


Why  Does  A  Culvert 
Cross  the  Rood? 

In  our  haste  to  construct  super- 
jiighways  and  improved  roads,  it  is 
quite  easy  to  concentrate  on  large 
bridges,  cloverleaf  patterns  and  so 
forth  with  little  thought  of  the  smaller 
but  all-important  items  such  as  cul- 
%erts.  Each  year  over  one  billion  dol- 
lars is  spent  on  the  construction  of 
culverts  and  these  unobtrusive  struc- 
tures take  15  to  25  percent  of  the 
highway  maintenance  dollar.  In  fact, 
there  are  so  many  cuK  erts  in  modern 
highway  construction  that  their  total 
construction  cost  exceeds  the  total 
costs  of  large  bridges. 

Obviousl)-,  culverts  cross  the  road 
for  one  reason— to  get  water  to  the 
other  side.  The  reason  is  easily  under- 
stood, but  determining  the  culvert 
size  is  a  complex  problem.  It  involves 
such  uncertainties  as  the  amount  of 
rainfall  and  various  t\'pes  of  soils  and 
their  runoff  conditions.  If  the  culvert 
is  too  big,  costs  are  excessive;  if  too 
small,  they  cause  floods. 

In  the  past  engineers  have  relied 
on  their  own  past  experience  to 
make  such  decisions.  Now  a  new 
method  of  determining  culvert  sizes 
which  minimizes  such  "educated 
guessing"  has  been  developed  by  Pro- 
fessor \'en  Te  Chow  of  the  U.  of  I. 
Civil    Engineering    Department. 

The  new  method  is  primarih'  based 
on  scientific  knowledge  of  the  water 
runoff  speed  on  \arious  types  of  soils 
and  other  surfaces.  Professor  Chow's 
method  has  many  advantages  over  the 
Talbot  Formula,  a  method  currently 
used  for  most  culvert  computations 
and  proposed  74  years  ago  by  an- 
other U  of  1  professor,  A.  N.  Talbot. 
The  new  method  promises  great  sav- 
ings in  highwa\-  and  maintenance 
costs,  as  well  as  in  farm  drainage 
programs  and  flood  protection  work. 

Engineering  students  can  obtain  a 
bulletin  describing  the  entire  theory, 
including  supporting  data,  pertinent 
h}drological  information,  design 
charts  for  easy  use  by  engineers,  and 
two  bibliographies  at  half  price  from 
the  U  of  I  Engineering  Publications 
Office. 


A  group  of  N.R.O.T.C.  midshipmen 
were  gathered  dismally  by  the  rail 
after  their  first  day  at  sea.  An  old  salt 
joined  them  and  inquired  sarcastical- 
ly, "\\'hat's  the  matter,  Jones,  got  a 
weak  stomach?" 

"Hell  no,"  gasped  Jones,  "I'm  tlirow- 
ing  it  as  far  as  the  others." 


Mrs.  ^^'orthmore  and  her  French 
poodle  were  shopping  one  day,  when 
she  noticed  the  man  standing  next  to 
her  at  the  counter  was  lookmg  fear- 
fully at  the  puppy  frisking  about  his 
legs. 

"My,  my,"  she  said,  "don't  be  afraid 
of  Felix;  he  won't  bite  you." 

"Madam,"  said  the  man,  "I  wasn't 
afraid  he'd  bite,  but  I  noticed  him 
lifting  his  hind  leg  and  I  thought  he 
was  going  to  kick  me." 


Tech's  New  Look 

(continued  from  page  5) 

a  student  can  become  involved  in 
such  activities;  qualifications  to  enter 
the  College  of  Engineering  Honors 
Program  and  the  number  of  students 
active  in  the  program;  and  changes 
that  have  been  made  in  engineering 
curricula  and  their  efi^ect.  Information 
on  these  and  many  other  subjects  has 
remained  unavailable  to  most  engi- 
neering students  in  the  past.  Wayne 
Crouch,  Teclmograph's  editor,  has  re- 
cruited a  number  of  well-qualified 
staff  members  and  is  recruiting  more 
to  help  him  produce  a  new  type  of 
magazine  which  will  provide  some 
of  tliis   information. 

From  the  printing  of  address  labels 
on  the  IBM  1401  to  the  deletion  of 
the  joke  page,  Technograph  has  a 
new  look.  I  wish  the  best  of  luck 
to  editor  Crouch  and  his  staff  in  im- 
plementing their  ideas  and  may  they 
ha\e  the  benefit  of  your  support.  If 
you  agree  or  disagree  with  something 
in  Technograph,  let  the  editor  know. 
If  \-ou  feel  strongly  enough  about 
the  matter— write  an  article. 


OCTOBER,    1963 


43 


Printed  circuits  tliat 
STAY  STUCK 


Printed  circuits  may  pull  away  from  the  laminate 
during  the  soldering  operation.  To  reduce  this  possi- 
bility— to  practically  eliminate  it — Synthane  produces 
a  special  glass  epoxy  base  grade  of  copper  clad  — G-IOR 
-with  high  HOT  PEEL  STRENGTH  (2  to  4  lbs.  per 
inch  of  width  after  immersion  for  15  sees,  at  500°F*  as 
compared  with  the  usual  0.1  to  0.2  lbs.  per  inch  of 
width).  G-IOR  also  meets  or  exceeds  NEMA  and  MIL 
specs  for  Room  Temperature  Peel  Strength.  Write  for 
folder  of  all  Synthane  metal-clad  grades. 

•Tests  made  on  Vii"  and  '/a"  wires. 

^ — W — ^ 


CORPORATION 


OAKS,  PENNA. 


GLendale  2-2211  (Area  Code  215)    TWX  215-6660589 
Synthane-Pacifrc,  518  w.  Garfield  Ave.,  Glendale  4,  Calif.  TWX  213-240-2104U 


!     Synthane  Corporation, 

13    River    Rd.,    Oaks,    Pa. 

1     Gentlemen: 

j     Please   send   me  your 
1     other  Synttiane  copper 

latest  folder  on   Synthane   G-IOR   and 
-clad  laminates. 

1       Name 

1       ArliirP^.; 

1      r,fv 

1 

After    De 


•itt    handed    ove 


check    to    TECH'S    Editor    for    two 


dollars,  Ihe  Business  Manager  pointed  out  that  it  was  unfair  to  charge 
faculty  members  two  dollars  for  a  year's  subscription  when  we  were 
giving  !hem  the  first  issue  free.  We  have  since,  without  telling  the  Dean, 
changed  the  faculty  subscription  rate  to  one  dDllar-seven!y-five — TECH 
is,  for  the  first  time  in  history,  twenty-five  cents  in  Ihe  block. 


TECH  IVIOVES 

48  Electrical  Engineering  Building 

We  didn't  complain  when  a  polite  ■wall  transformed 
our  original  office  in  CEH  into  a  shoe  box,  but  when 
tJictj  installed  two  IBM  card  punch  machines  before 
our  door— \A'ell,  we  are  now  in  the  basement  of  EEB 
.  .  .  next  to  the  boiler  room!  This  has  its  "heated"  dis- 
advantages, but  at  least  more  than  two  people  can 
find  a  seat.  Feel  free  to  drop  in  to  complain,  compli- 
ment, or  just  shoot  the  breeze. 


Scenery  around  this  end  of  campus  is  improving  with  the  increased 
enrollment  of  women  engineering  students.  This  year  there  ore  24 
\o:nen  enrolled  in  the  College  of  Enginee  ing  plus  those  in  ihe  L.A.S. 
clepr-.-tment;  of  Chemistry,  Physics,  and  Chemfcal  Engineering.  TECH's 
phoo^rapher  found  Ihe  girl:  at  Ihe  home  of  Miss  Wilson,  their  ad- 
vi:o-,  enjoying  o  picnic;  and,  v/e  ruspecl,  coordinating  Ihev-  stratagem 
lo  l,"'l;e  a   few  of  thoce   precious   A's   away   from   the    men. 


44 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Your  life  at  Du  Pont   I    one  of  a  series  for  technical  men 


Arm  yourself  "with  facts  about  DuPont 


These  booklets  helped  persuade  some  700  new  B.S.  graduates 
to  join  us  in  1963.   It  was  mostly  a  matter  of  getting  facts. 

For  example,  if  you  want  to  start  your  career  in  a  certain 
section  of  the  country,  you'll  find  that  Du  Pont— with  facilities 
in  28  states  — will  try  to  accommodate  you. 

If  you're  interested  in  growth  for  what  it  can  mean  to  you 
personally,  you'll  be  interested  to  know  that  our  sales  have 
increased  750%  since  1937.  You've  probably  heard  that  R&D 
expenditures  are  a  good  indicator  of  a  company's  future  success. 
We  spend  $90  million  a  year  on  it,  $60  million  of  which  goes 
straight  into  "pioneering  research"  —  the  discovery  of  new 
scientific  truths  and  new  materials. 

Our  booklets  will  answer  most  of  your  preliminary  questions. 
Later— or  even  now  if  you  wish— we  can  talk  specifics  by  letter, 
or  face  to  face.  Why  not  write  us  or  send  our  coupon?  We'd 
like  to  know  about  you. 


m^m 


BETTER  THINGS  FOR  BETTER  LIVING 

.  .  .  THROUGH  CHEMISTRY 

An  equal  opportunity  employer 


TECHNICAL  MEN  WE'LL  NEED  FROM  THE  CLASS  OF  '64 

Chemists  Industrial  Engineers 

Chemical  Engineers  Civil  Engineers 

Mechanical  Engineers  Physicists 

Electrical  Engineers 

E.  I.  du  Pont  de  Nemours  &  Co.  (Inc.) 

2531   Nemours  Building,  Wilmington,  Delaware  19898 

Please  send  me  the  literature  indicated  below. 

Q  Du  Pont  and  the  College  Graduate  G  Reprint    of    Saturday 

n  Mechanical  Engineers  at  Du  Pont  Evening  Post  article 

n  Engineers  at  Du  Pont  on  Du  Pont,  July,  '63. 

D  Chemical  Engineers  at  Du  Pont 

n  Also  please  open   in  my  name  a  free  STUDENT  SUBSCRIPTION 

to  the  award-winning  Du  Pont  Magazine-the  official  bi-monthly 

publication  of  the  Du  Pont  Company. 


Name 

Class 

Maior 

Degree  expected 

Colleee 

Mv  address 

Citv 

Zone 

State 

OCTOBER,    196: 


47 


Wi*WMN«M#PI 


We'll  print  either  compliments,  crit- 
icisms, or  complaints  as  the  pictorial 
heading  suggests.  The  letters  printed 
this  month  were  received  either  the 
first  few  weeks  of  school  or  last  year. 
TECH  will  try  its  best  to  answer 
questions  and  quell  feuds  (we  might 
even  start  a  few).  So  drop  us  a  note. 
Anonymous  letters  tvill  not  he  printed, 
but  when  requested  only  the  Editor 
will  have  access  to  the  names  of  the 
authors. 

Dear  Editor: 

I  wish  to  call  attention  to  a  minor 
engineering  matter  that  has  perplexed 
me  for  several  years. 

Many  students  living  in  the  dormi- 
tories have  noticed  a  background 
noise  when  playing  their  record  play- 
ers or  radios  that  is  particularly  an- 
noying. This  interference  can  easily 
be  heard  on  any  good  quality  hi-fi 
or  stereo,  especially  during  the  more 
restful  passages  of  classical  music. 

I  understand  that  this  interference 
is  due  to  the  University's  Betatron 
and  its  pulsing  six  times  a  second. 

During  the  New  Year's  Convoca- 
tion last  Sunday  there  was  a  brief 
period  when  the  same  noise  could  be 
heard  over  the  loudspeaker  system, 
hence  I  feel  this  problem  may  exist 
in  all  buildings  served  by  Abbott 
Power  Plant. 

Could  Technograph  determine  the 
cause  of  this  interference  and  suggest 
measures  that  would  eliminate  or  fil- 
ter out  this  headache? 

Sincerely    yours, 
Walter  Hadcock 

Certainly  some  student  or  faculty 
member  can  devise  a  solution  or  at 
least  tell  us  why  none  has  been  put 
into  effect  to  date.  We'll  tell  you, 
when  someone  tells  us.  Ed. 

Dear  Editor; 

I  have  calculated,  on  the  basis  of 
probability  theory,  that  within  fifteen 


years  the  College  of  Engineering  will 
be  all  research  and  no  education. 
Seriously,  I  am  concerned  about  the 
weight  that  seems  to  be  given  to  re- 
search on  this  campus.  It  seems  to  me 
that  these  programs  do  nothing  for 
the  students,  and  I  have  always 
thought  that  teaching  was  the  main 
mission  of  the  college.  If  this  is  true, 
how  can  the  existence  of  these  many 
research  programs  that  get  so  much 
attention  and  money  be  rationalized? 
A  Taxpaying  Student 

TECH  too  is  concerned  about  re- 
search activity  at  the  Vniversity,  its 
relation  to  the  undergraduate,  and  its 
relation  to  education.  The  above  in- 
quiry has  prompted  us  to  investigate 
further.  One  of  our  senior  writers  is 
studying  the  problem  and  preparing 
an  article  for  the  December  issue.  Ed. 

Dear  Editor: 

I  am  writing  because  I  have  an  old 
l)ut  functional  submachine  gun.  I  am 
hoping  that  you  could  direct  me  to 
the  appropriate  person  to  see  about 
renting  this  gun  to  the  Engineering 
Library. 

I  suspect  they  are  about  to  install 
one  as  I  have  already  had  experience 
with  their  recently  installed  turnstile. 
I  innocently  walked  through  the  "in" 
turnstile,  looked  but  could  not  find 
the  book  I  wanted,  and  was  about  to 
rush  from  the  library  before  uttering 
those  words  which  seem  so  appropri- 
ate at  such  a  time.  But  my  hasty  re- 
treat came  to  a  sudden  halt;  it  seems 
the  "out"  turnstile  is  LOCKED.  After 
recovering  from  being  turned  into  a 
ninety  degree  angle  with  a  very  un- 
comfortable vertex,  I  did  utter  those 
words  I  had  been  suppressing.  Con- 
sider where  that  iron  bar  catches  you. 

Well,  if  they  are  going  to  use  guns, 
I  would  like  to  get  my  bid  in.  I  sup- 
pose a  locked  turnstile  is  only  the  first 
step  to  armed  guards. 

Name   U'ithheld 

One  of  TECH's  advisors  had  a  lit- 
tle run-in  with  that  turnstile  also. 
We'll  see  what  Mr.  Coburn,  director 
of  the  library,  has  to  say  for  the  No- 
vember issue.  Ed. 

Dear  Sir: 

A  friend  of  mine  who  is  a  graduate 
stiident  in  Electrical  Engineering  told 


me  that  we  were  going  to  play  a  big 
part  in  the  recent  eclipse  studies,  but 
I  read  in  Life  only  of  Stanford's  work. 
When  I  asked  him  about  this  article, 
he  still  maintained  that  we  partici- 
pated. If  we  did,  why  did  we  get  so 
little  pubhcity? 

Name  Withheld 

TECH  received  a  news  release 
July  3  announcing  tlxat  we  woidd 
participate,  but  nothing  since  of  our 
achievements.  We'll  check  with  Prof. 
George  Swei^son  who,  according  to 
the  news  release  was  head  of  the  proj- 
ect. Ed. 

(I.S.P.E.  continued  from  page  17) 
The  Illinois  examination  consists  of 
two  parts,  the  engineer-in-training 
and  the  professional.  Each  engineer- 
ing student  may  take  the  first  part 
during  his  last  semester  in  school,  the 
examination  being  held  here  on  the 
campus  in  December  and  in  May. 

There  are  refresher  courses   spon- 
sored by  three  departments  to  assist 
the   senior  in  preparing  for  the  En- 
gineer in  Training  (E-I-T)  Exam. 
Civil:   Oct.   9  for  six  sessions,   Rm 
110  M.E.B.  7:00-10:00  P.M. 
Prof.  W.  W.  Sanders 
Mechanical:  Oct.  7  for  seven  ses- 
sions, Rm  253  M.E.B.,  7:00- 
10:00    P.VI.    Prof.    C.    Dale 
Greffe 
Electrical:   Starts  approximately 
same   week   as   others.   Prof. 
J.  P.  Neal 
The  cost  will  depend  on  the  enroll- 
ment, running  approximately  $5.00  to 
$7.00.   Consult  each   group   for  book 
and  study  materials.  The  exam  itself 
will  be  held  on  Thursday,  December 
5.  The  application  forms,  which  will 
be  due  in  Springfield  one  month  prior 
to  the  exam,  will  soon  be  available 
from  the  Office  of  the  Associate  Dean 
of  Engineering,  103  C.E.H. 

C.  Dale  Greffe,  P.E.,  professor  of 
Mech.  Engr.,  is  the  state  president  of 
I.S.P.E.  J.  Raymond  Carroll,  P.E.,  a 
partner  in  the  local  consulting  firm 
Carroll,  Henneman,  and  Associates  is 
a  member  of  the  National  Board  of 
Direction.  Robert  A.  Jewett,  P.E., 
Associate  Prof,  of  General  Engr.,  is  a 
member  of  the  Student  Professional 
Development  Committee  at  the  na- 
tional level. 


48 


TECHNOGRAPH 


WHO  is  at  work  on  a  satellite  system  for  global  telephone  and  TV  transmission? 


WHO  provides  the  communications  channels  for  America's  missile  defenses? 


WHO  is  girdling  the  globe  with  communications  for  America's  first  man  into  space? 


WHO  tapped  the  sun  for  electric  power  by  inventing  the  Solar  Battery? 


WHO  used  the  moon  for  two-way  conversations  across  the  country? 


WHO  guided  Tiros  and  Echo  into  accurate  orbit? 


WHO  made  your  pocket  radio  possible  by  inventing  the  Transistor? 


WHO  maintains  the  world's  largest,  finest  industrial  research  facilities? 


WHO  supplies  the  most  and  the  best  telephone  service  in  the  world? 


WHO  has  the  UNIVERSAL  communications  organization: 


THERE'S  ONLY  ONE  ANSWER  TO  ALL  TEN  QUESTIONS 


Pioneering  in  outer  space  to  improve  communications  on  earth 


...staffed  by  graduates 
of  virtually  every  engineering 
school  in  the  United  States.., 


CONVAIR:  FORT  WORTH 

p.  O.   BOX  748-C6 
A        DIVISION        OF 

GENERAL  DYNAMICS 


'W 

:oP-  2 


og^-rlt^ 


€HNOORAPH 


)VEMBER 


VOLUME  79      NUMBER  2 


25  CEXTS 


To  Catch  a  Hummingbird 

Haiv  the  Gemini  Spiicecmfr  u-ill  fiihi  its  target . . . 

Suppose  \iiu  h.id  to  capture  alive  one  little  liummingbird 
fixing  -.1  know  n  course  high  over  the  Amazon  jungle. 
Difficult?  Sure,  but  no  more  so  than  the  job  assigned  to  a  new 
radar  system  \\  cstinghouse  is  building  for  the 
NASA-Ccniini  space  program. 

The  bird  is  an  Agcna  rocket,  orbiting  the  earth  at  170O0  miles 
per  hour.  The  hunter,  in  an  intersecting  orbit,  is  the 
Gemini  two-man  spacecraft  being  built  by  McDonnell  Aircraft. 
.-\nd  so  the  hunt  begins.  The  spacecraft  radar  finds 
the  target  and  starts  an  electronic  qucstion-and-answer  game. 
A  computer  keeps  score,  giving  the  astronauts  continuous 
readings  on  angles  and  approach  speeds  until  the  vehicles  arc 
joined.  The  hummingbird  is  caught. 
1  he  Gemini  experiments  will  be  a  prelude  to  the  first 
moon  trip.  And  A\  cstinghouse  is  already  working  on  advanced 
radar  systems  for  lunar  landings  and  deep  space  missions. 
You  can  be  sure  ...  if  it's  Wcstinghousc. 

For  infoT/ihitiori  on  a  cneer  at  Wrstinghoiise,  an  equal 
opportunity  employer,  ivrite  to  L.  H.  Noggle,  W'estinghoiise 
Educational  Dept.,  Pittsburgh  21,  Pa. 


•     Westinghouse  ( W 


TOP  ROW  (left  to  right) :  Australia,  Switzerland.  G: 
MIDDLE  ROW:  Thailand.  Malaya,  Philippines.  South  Afr 


lin.  India.  Mexico.  New  Caledonia, 

il,  Pakistan,  Hong  Kong.  BOTTOM  ROW:  Argenli 


Canada,  France,  Gliana. 

land,  Colombia,  Nigeria. 


Meet  the  ambassadors 

Around  the  world,  Union  Carbide  is  making  friends  for  America.  Its  50  affiliated  companies  abroad  serve 
growing  markets  in  some  135  countries,  and  employ  about  30,000  local  people.  ►  Many  expressions  of 
friendship  have  come  from  the  countries  in  which  Union  Carbide  is  active.  One  of  the  most  ajspealing  is  this 
collection  of  dolls.  They  were  sent  here  by  Union  Carbide  employees  for  a  Christmas  display,  and  show  some 
of  the  folklore,  customs,  and  crafts  of  the  lands  they  represent.  "We  hope  you  like  our  contingent,"  said  a 
letter  with  one  group,  "for  they  come  as  ambassadors  from  our  country."  ►  To  Union  Carbide,  they  also 
signify  a  thriving  partnership  based  on  science  and  technology,  an  exchange  of  knowledge  and 
skills,  and  the  vital  raw  materials  that  are  turned  into  things  that  the  whole  world  needs. 


A  HAND  IN  THINGS  TO  COME 


UNION 
CARBIDE 


WRITE  for  the  booklet,  "International  Products  and  Processes,"  which  tells  about  ^^^^ 

Union  Carbide's  activities  around  the  globe.  Union  Carbide  Corporation,  270  Park  Avenue,  New  York,  N.  V.  10017 


NOVEMBER,    1963 


THE  ILLINOIS 

TECHNOORAPH 

VOLUME  79,  NUMBER  2  NOVEMBER,    1963 


table   of   contents 

ARTICLES 

Graduate  School  .  .  .  Good  Deal  or  Ordeal? Henry  Magnuski  8 

Business  Wants  ...  of  You 12 

Brains  or  Bust Stuart  Umpleby  1 4 

CQ  de  W9YH Paul  Gihring  1 5 

Ho-Hum     7  8 


FEATURES 

The  Good  Olde  Days Mike  Quinn  5 

Technocutie Photos  by  Bob  Seyler  23 

Society  Page    28 

Engineering  Societies  Calendar Bill  Lueck  31 

Brickbats  and  Bouquets 40 


November's  heat  transfer  problem. 

(Thanks  to  Richard  Harmer,  a  graduate  student  in  Ceramic  Engineering,  and  Clark's 
Turkey  Farm,  Mahomet,  Illinois.  Photo  by  Bob  Seyler). 


Copyright,  1963,  by  lllini  Publishing  Co.  Published  eight  times  during  the  year  (October,  November.  De- 
cember. January,  February.  March,  April  and  May)  by  the  lllini  Publishing  Company.  Entered  as  second  class 
matter,  October  30.  1920.  at  the  post  office  at  Urbana.  Illinois,  under  the  Act  of  March  3  1879.  Office  48 
Electrical  Engineering  Building.  Urbana,  Illinois.  Subscriptions  $2.00  per  year.  Single  copy  25  cents.  All  rights 
reserved  by  The  Illinois  Technograph.  Publisher's  Representative— Littell-Murray-Barnhill,  Inc.,  737  North  Michigan 
Ave.,  Chicago  II,  III.,  369  Lexington  Ave.,  Nev/  York  17    New  York. 


TECHNOGRAP" 


Editor-in-Chief 
Wayne  W.  Crouch 

Assistant  to  the  Editor 

Sfuart  Umpleby 

Editorial  Staff 

Gary  Daymen,  Director 

Rudy  Berg 

Rebecca    Bryar 

Harold  Gotschall 

Torn  Grantham 

Larry  Heyda 

Lester   Holland 

Roger  Johnson 

Cheryl    Konetshny 

Richard  Langrehr 

Jay  Lipke 

John  Litherland 

Bill  Lueck 

Hank  Magnusk; 

Thelma    McKenzie 

Mike  Quinn 

Mike  Stavey 

Production  Staff 

Scott  Weaver.  Manager 

Pat  Martin 

Del   Hartfield 


Business  Staff 

Art  Becker,  Manager 

Phil  Johnson 

Jerry  Ozane 

Roger  Va-  Zele 


Circulation  Staff 

Larry  Campbell.  Manager 

Paul  Rinnington 

Glenn  VanBIaricum 


Photo  Staff 

Tony  Burba.  Manager 

Jim  Alex 

Dave  McClure 

Bob  Seyler 

Secretary 

Kathie  Llermann 

Advisors 

Robert  Bohl 

Paul  Bryant 

Alan  Kingery 

Edwin  McClintock 

Dale  Greffe,  Photo 


Chairman:  J.  Gale  Chumley 

Louisiana  Polvtechnic  Institute 

Ruston.   Louisiana 

Arkansas  Engineer,  Cincinnati  Coopera- 
tive Engineer.  City  College  Vector,  Colorado 
Engineer.  Cornell  Engineer,  Denver  Engineer, 
Drexel  Technical  Journal,  Georgia  Tech  Engi- 
neer, Illinois  Technograph,  Iowa  Engineer, 
Iowa  Transit,  Kansas  Engineer,  Kansas  State 
Engineer,  Kentucky  Engineer,  Louisiana  State 
University  Engineer,  Louisiana  Tech  Engineer, 
Manhattan  Engineer.  Marquette  Engineer. 
Michigan  Technic.  Minnesota  Technolog,  Mis- 
souri Shamrock.  Nebraska  Blueprint,  New 
York  University  Quadrangle,  North  Dakota 
Engineer,  Northwestern  Engineer,  Notre  Dame 
Technical  Review.  Ohio  State  Engineer.  Okla- 
homa State  Engineer.  Pittsburgh  Skyscraper. 
Purdue  Engineer,  RPI  Engineer,  Rochester  In- 
dicator, SC  Engineer.  Rose  Technic,  Southern 
Engineer,  Spartan  Engineer.  Texas  A  &  M 
Engineer,  Washington  Engineer.  WSC  Tech- 
nometer,     Wayne     Engineer,     and     Wisconsin 


Gripe,  Gripe,  Gripe! 


Do  you  like  to  gripe?  If  you  start  to  say  "no,"  don't  bother — we  wouldn't  believe 
you  anyway.  Most  likely  in  the  last  few  hours  you  swore  under  your  breath  at  least 
once  and  astounded  a  fellow  student  with  your  brilliant  and  cutting  criticism  of 
something  he  didn't  like  either.  But  did  it  do  any  good?  Could  he  help? 

Most  gripers  and  sympathizers  have  no  more  influence  in  changing  things  than 
you  do.  But  fortunately  there  are  people  in  the  college  who  do:  Dean  Everitt,  his  staff, 
and  the  faculty.  Contrary  to  popular  opinion  they  are  willing  to  listen  and  even  are 
anxious  to  hear  students'  views,  especially  constructive  ones  about  which  something 
really  can    be  done. 

As  an  example,  not  long  ago  an  irate  and  courageous  undergraduate  took  the 
time  to  talk  with  Dean  Everitt  concerning  a  couple  of  his  gripes.  He  had  two  particu- 
lar items  that  he  thought  were  significant  injustices.  Perhaps  to  the  surprise  of  many 
students,  he  had  no  trouble  reaching  the  Dean  to  air  his  complaints;  even  more  signifi- 
cantly, he  got  results.  On  one  point  he  simply  did  not  have  enough  information  and, 
after  talking  it  over,  finally  agreed  his  criticism  was  unfounded,  hie  tried  with  the 
other  problem.  This  time  he  scored,  and  remedial  action  was  taken  in  line  with  his 
suggestions. 

Of  course,  most  of  you  don't  have  the  time  (or  the  courage)  to  step  in  the  Dean's 
office  with  your  complaints  and  ideas.  Likewise,  the  Dean  hardly  has  time  to  meet 
with  over  3700  students.  You  can,  however,  talk  with  your  instructors;  they  may  not  be 
as  Inhuman  as  you  think.  Just  in  case  you  do  find  them  inhuman  and  unreceptive,  there 
is  still  a  third  and  perhaps  even  a  better  way  to  accumulate  support  for  your  views 
from  a  broader  audience. 

We  of  the  Tech  staff  are  thoroughly  convinced  that  the  Dean,  his  staff,  and  many 
of  the  faculty  will  read  carefully  "Brickbats  and  Bouquets"  as  well  as  other  expressions 
of  student  opinion  In  Tech.  The  spontaneous  response  to  your  letters  from  other 
readers  and  resulting  articles  by  members  of  the  Tech  staff  should  answer  your  ques- 
tions and  get  action  on  your  complaints. 

If  you  have  questions,  we'll  try  to  find  someone  who  has  the  answers.  Stop  by 
the  Tech  office  or  write  us  a  letter.  We  want  to  hear  what  you  think,  what  you  need 
to  know,  and  what  you're  disturbed  about.  As  to  action,  we  don't  say  we  know  all 
the  right  people  but  the  right  people  know  us. 


Engine 


NOVEMBER,    1963 


More  than  ever  in  the  Space  Age. 


PROGRESS  THROUGH  POWER 


All  the  way  from  the  down-to-earth  task  of  high-speed  cutting  of  adamant  metals  to  the 
performance  of  such  a  dramatic  test  as  simulating  atmospheric  re-entry  heat  for  testing 
nose  cone  design  —  the  plasma  arc  torch  is  truly  a  versatile  space  age  tool.  Here  it  is  pic- 
tured cutting  through  stainless  steel  at  a  rate  of  five  feet  per  minute.  It  out-performs  any 
previously  known  cutting  method  for  any  metal,  including  refractory  and  exotic  metals.  Its 
flame  speed  is  10,000  miles  per  hour  at  temperatures  from  20,000  to  60,000  degrees  F. 

Only  electric  power  can  supply  the  energy  requirements  of  space  age  tools  like  the 
plasma  arc  torch.  One  of  the  jobs  of  our  power  sales  engineers  is  to  add  these  new  appli- 
cations to  the  seemingly  unlimited  uses  for  electricity. 

As  a  power  sales  engineer,  you  can  grow  with  the  electric  power  industry  as  you  play 
a  vital  role  in  technological  progress.  Investigate  a  career  with  us  where  engineering  and 
sales  ability  are  limited  only  by  your  imagination.  Look  forward  to  personal  progress 
through  power. 


WISCONSIN  electric  power  company 

SYSTEM 

Wisconsin  Electric  Power  Co.     Wisconsin  Micliigan  Power  Co.     Wisconsin  Natural  Gas  Co. 

MILWAUKEE,   WIS.  APPLETON,   WIS.  RACINE,   WIS. 


TECHNOGRAPH 


\    (Bltp  (Baah    } 

You  young  whippersnappers  are 
the  poorest  excuses  for  engineers  I've 
ever  seen!  Wh\-,  in  the  good  old  da\'s 
engineers  were  honest,  hard-working 
people  who  did  their  calculations 
with  the  proper  dignit\— using  a 
pencil  and  a  sheet  of  foolscap.  Do 
those  unintelligible  machines  you  use 
today  help  you  to  learn  a  real  man's 
job?  What  do  they  teach  you  about 
the  basic  principles  of  long  division? 
Not  enough,  that's  what! 

Just  to  show  you  what  the  pro- 
fession was  like  back  before  the  slide 
rule  took  the  real  fun  out  of  engi- 
neering, before  this  campus  was  filled 
with  fanc\"-pants  striplings  who  have 
no  respect  for  the  fine  old  traditions, 
here  are  a  few  excerpts  from  Tech- 
nograph  during  the  days  when  being 
an  engineer  meant  something  more 
tlian    money— work,    for    instance. 

The  first  excerpt  appeared  in  Jan- 
uary of  1924  in  an  article  on  coal 
consumption  in  the  United  States,  and 
shows  Technograph's  almost  legend- 
ar\-  abilit)'  to  predict  what  the  future 
will   bring: 

"Any  plan  for  the  substitution  of 
petroleum  (for  coal)  must  be  summarily 
dismissed,  .■\lthough  at  present  it  is  very 
important,  our  oil  reserve  has  been  so 
depleted  that  it  will  be  exhausted  within 
the  next  two  decades."  (You  people  have 
been  running  on  air  since  '44.) 

Electrical  Engineering  was  a  grow- 
ing profession  back  in  January  of  '26: 

"In  the  lighting  field  there  has  been 

some  progress  also.  A  tjpe  of  lamp  has 

been   put   on   the   market   in   which   the 

frosting  is  on  the  inside  of  the   globe." 

I     (Sorta  takes  the  fun  out  of  bulb-snatch- 

I    ing,  doesn't  it?) 

I  Finalh-,  here  is  an  excerpt  printed 
I  in  our  November,  1926,  issue  from  a 
speech  by  Major  R.  \\'.  Schroeder, 
former  chief  test  pilot  for  the  army 
air  ser\'ice  at  McCook  field  showing 
a  few  of  life's  dangers  back  in  1926: 

"A  man  in  a  plane  engaged  in  ordi- 
nar>-  straightaway  flying  is  safer  than  on 
the  ground.  I  have  noted  that  during  a 
recent  year  eight  persons  lost  their  lives 
in  the  entire  United  States  while  en- 
gaged in  civilian  flying  while  during  that 
same  year,  in  the  state  of  Missouri  alone, 
eighty  persons — just  ten  times  as  many 
— were  kicked  to  death  b>'  mules.'  ♦  ♦  ♦ 

NOVEMBER,    1963 


"You  were  born  to  be  free.  You  were  also  born  with  a 
responsibility  to  contribute  to  our  common  defense.  For 
as  long  as  a  trace  of  avarice  exists  in  the  hearts  of  men, 
there  will  be  a  need  for  the  defense  of  men  and  their 
established  institutions." 

General  James  M.  Gavin,  from  the  book 
"WAR  AND  PEACE  IN  THE  SPACE  AGE" 


This  isn't  an  appeal  to  your  patriotic 
sense  of  duty.  But,  we  would  like  to 
suggest  that  the  people  at  MITRE  con- 
tribute significantly  to  the  first  line  of 
defense  of  this  country  and  of  the  free 
world. 

What  kind  of  work  is  this?  Systems 
work  mostly.  Computer-based  "L" 
systems  for  the  Air  Force.  World-wide 
systems  for  collecting,  transmitting, 
processing  and  displaying  information 
necessary  for  the  command  and  control 
of  our  forces. 

V/hat  sort  of  people  enjoy  this  work? 
Talented  systems  engineers  and  scien- 
tists. Men  able  to  deal  in  broad  areas 
of  weapons  and  people  and  radar  and 
computers,  as  well  as  with  the  specific 
technical  problem  at  hand.  People  like 
this  are  hard  to  come  by.  So,  we  en- 
courage them  by  offering  enough  lati- 
tude to  permit  an  imaginative,  inquisi- 
tive approach  to  problems.  They  are 
part  of  a  team  doing  original  and 
challenging  work  in  the  field  of  military 
command  technology.  And,  as  we  said 
before,  they  are  responsible  for  an  im- 


portant part  of  our  national  defense 
effort. 

Current  projects  include:  BUIC  (Back- 
up Interceptor  Control  for  the  SAGE 
system);  NORAD  Combat  Operations 
Center;  Nuclear  Detonation  Detection 
and  Reporting  System;  Post-Attack 
Command  and  Control  system;  NMCS 
(National  Military  Command  System); 
and  many  others. 

MITRE  always  has  openings  for  quali- 
fied men  and  women  in  every  level  from 
recent  graduate  to  senior  project  di- 
rector. Minimum  requirement,  B.S.  The 
greatest  need  is  for  scientists  and  en- 
gineers in  the  areas  of  electronics, 
physics  and  mathematics.  Address  in- 
quiries in  confidence  to  Vice  President 
—  Technical  Operations,  The  MITRE 
Corporation,  CP-4,  MC  Square, 
Bedford,  Massachusetts. 


THEl 


Mil  RE 

■^.■■■J.M.WmjM.M.-l 

An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


Pioneer  in  the  design  and  development  of  command  and  control  systems,  MITRE  was 
chartered  in  1958  to  serve  only  the  United  States  Government.  The  independent  non- 
profit firm  is  technical  advisor  and  system  engineer  for  the  Air  Force  Electronic  Systems 
Division  and  also  serves  the  Federal  Aviation  Agency  and  the  Department  of  Defense. 


Engineers 

III  Choosing  a  Career, 
Consider  these 
Advantages— 


LoCdtlon :  Fisher  is  basically  an  "Engineering' 
company  with  1,500  employees  located  in  a 
pleasant  midwest  community  of  22,000. 
It's  less  than  10  minutes  to  the  Fisher  plant 
from  any  home  in  Marshalltown. 

Type  of  work:  You'll  become  a  member  of 
an  engineering  team  that  has  produced  some 
of  the  outstanding  developments  in  the  field 
of  automatic  pressure  and  liquid  level  controls. 

Growth:  Fisher's  products  are  key  elements 
in  automation  which  assures  the  company's 
growth  because  of  the  rapid  expansion  of 
automation  in  virtually  every  industry. 

Advancement:  Your  opportunity  is 
unlimited.  It  is  company  policy  to  promote 
from  within;  and  most  Fisher  department 
heads  are  engineers. 


-SKffl®*^- 


«"  .- 


If  you  want  to  begin  your  engineering  career 
with  one  of  the  nation's  foremost  research  and 
development  departments  in  the  control  of 
fluids,  consult  your  placement  office  or  write 
directly  to  Mr.  John  Mullen,  Personnel  Director, 
Fisher  Governor  Company,  Marshalltown,  la. 


If  it  flows  through  pipe 
anywhere  in  the  world 
chances  are  it's  controlled  by. 


flSHEn 


TECHNOGRAPH 


This  could  be  the  start  of  something ...  BIG! 


If  you  are  completing  your  BS  or  MS  degree  in  EE,  ME  or 
Physics,  AC-Miiwaukee's  "Career  Acceleration  Program"  is  ttie 
perfect  way  to  get  your  career  oft  the  ground  .  .  .  and  keep  it 
moving!  In  just  32  weeks  you  can  become  an  important  member 
in  one  of  the  aerospace  industry's  leading  developers  of  inertia! 
guidance  and  navigation  systems.  Candidates  who  participate 
in  Program  A  will  attend  formal  class  two  hours  a  day,  have  one 
hour  of  supervised  study,  and  spend  five  hours  in  AC-Milwau- 
kee's  Engineering,  Reliability  and  Manufacturing  Divisions. 
Candidates  who  participate  in  Plan  B  will  spend  one  hour  daily 
in  formal  class  work  and  the  remaining  seven  hours  on  the  job 
in  their  home  departments. 

Courses  include:  ADVANCED  THERMODYNAMICS,  INERTIAL 
INSTRUMENTS,  DIGITAL  COMPUTERS,  GUIDANCE  EQUA- 
TIONS, BASIC  ASTRONOMY,  TELEMETRY  AND  DATA  ANALY- 
SIS; mathematics  to  develop  an  advanced  maturity  level  and 
undergraduate  disciplines,  as  required.  (Judicious  selection 
from  these  courses  will  be  made  according  to  the  needs  of 
each  individual.) 

In  addition,  ACMilwaukee  has  a  Tuition  Refund  Plan  which 
enables  you  to  improve  your  skills  through  additional  education. 
Upon  satisfactory  completion,  you  will  be  reimbursed  for  all 
tuition  costs  for  courses  of  study  at  college  level,  undertaken 
voluntarily.  AC  also  offers  an  "in-plant"  evening  program  for 
your  personal  technical  development. 

You  will  work  on  these  important  programs  at  AC;  Titan  III 
Guidance  System,  Titan  II  Inertial  Guidance  System,  Apollo 
Navigation-Guidance  System,  B-52C&D  Bombing-Navigation 
System,  Polaris  Navigational  Components  and  other  guidance 
and  navigation  projects  for  space  vehicles,  missiles  and  aircraft. 
Positions  also  exist  for  recent  graduates  at  AC'S  two  advanced 
concepts  laboratories; 


BOSTON— Advanced  Concepts  Research  and  Development  On- 
the-Job  Training  Program— AC'S  Boston  Laboratory  is  engaged 
in  research  projects  in  avionics,  space  navigation  and  inertial 
instrument  development.  This  laboratory  works  from  theory 
to  prototype,  advancing  the  state  of  the  art  in  navigation  and 
guidance. 

LOS  ANGELES— Advanced  Concepts  Research  and  Develop- 
ment On-the-Job  Training  Program— AC'S  Los  Angeles  Labora- 
tory is  occupied  with  advanced  guidance  research  for  space 
vehicles  and  ballistic  missiles,  plus  research  and  developmentin 
special  purpose  digital  computers. 

For  further  information  on  AC'S  "Career  Acceleration  Program," 
contact  your  placement  office  or  write  Mr.  G.  F.  Raasch,  Director 
of  Scientific  &  Professional  Employment,  Dept.  5753,  AC  Spark 
Plug  Division,  General  Motors  Corporation,  Milwaukee  1, 
Wisconsin. 

PhDs,  please  note:  Positions  are  available  in  all  three  AC  loca- 
tions for  PhDs,  depending  on  concentration  of  study  and  area 
of  interest.  You  are  invited  to  contact  Mr.  Raasch  for  further 
information. 

INTERVIEWS  ON  CAMPUS  NOV.  11  THRU  15.  CONTACT  YOUR 
PLACEMENT  OFFICE  FOR  APPOINTMENT. 


AC  SPARK  PLUG  ^ 

THE   ELECTRONICS   DIVISION 

OF  GENERAL  MOTORS 


MILWAUKEE  •  LOS  ANGELES  .  BOSTON 
An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


FLINT 


NOVEMBER,    1963 


GRADUATE  SCHOOL 


GOOD  DEAL  OR  ORDEAL  ? 


The  undergraduate  engineering 
student  must  make  a  very  important 
decision  long  before  graduation.  He 
must  decide  whether  he  wants  to 
continue  his  education  in  a  graduate 
school,  find  employment  in  industry, 
or  join  the  armed  forces.  This  article 
will  help  the  undergraduate  make  this 
decision,  for  it  contains  much  timely 
information  and  advice  concerning 
graduate  school  and  thesis  programs. 


There  are  many  reasons  why 
people  go  to  graduate  school.  Some 
people  have  a  desire  to  learn  more 
about  their  field  of  interest.  Others 
choose  this  escape  to  dodge  the  draft 
or  evade  the  responsibility  of  going 
out  and  earning  a  living.  A  few  more 
simply  like  adding  letters  to  their 
names.  Regardless  of  the  motivation, 
graduate  school  enters  the  mind  of 
every  undergraduate  at  one  time  or 
another. 

Opportunities  for  advancement  and 
increased  pay  are  two  of  the  main 
reasons  students  attend  graduate 
school.  Statistics  prove  that  engi- 
neers with  advanced  degrees  tend  to 
make  more  money  in  less  time  than 
their  classmates  with  no  advanced 
schooling.  A  recent  survey  by  the 
U  of  I  Engineering  Placement  Office 
shows  that  the  average  salary  of  438 
Illinois  graduates  with  five  years  of 
industrial  experience  is  $795.  Those 
engineers  with  a  M.S.  degree  and  less 
than  five  years  work  experience  earn 
$847  per  month,  while  engineers  with 
a  Ph.D.  degree  (7  out  of  the  409  em- 
ployed engineers)  earn  an  average  of 
$1038  each  month.  In  other  words, 
even  though  engineers  with  no  ad- 
vanced degree  have  more  work  ex- 


By  Henry  S.  Magnuski  EE  '66 


perience  than  those  with  advanced  de- 
grees, the  engineer  with  advanced 
schooling  earns  from  $50  to  $250 
more  per  month. 

Money,  however,  is  not  the  only 
benefit  derived  from  graduate  school. 
Many  engineers  feel  that  they  have 
not  had  enough  training  as  an  under- 
graduate to  be  a  really  competent 
engineer.  The  undergraduate  cur- 
riculum is  packed  with  required 
courses,  and  many  times  an  under- 
graduate engineering  student  cannot 
pursue  the  study  of  a  specific  area  he 
is  interested  in.  Graduate  school  is 
the  ideal  place  to  study  those  sub- 
jects which  were  missed  as  an  under- 
graduate. 

Occasionally  a  student  would  pre- 
fer to  do  graduate  work  in  a  field 
which  is  entirely  different  from  his 
undergraduate  studies.  The  two  year 
course  for  a  Master's  Degree  in  Busi- 
ness Administration  (M.B.A.)  is  such 
a  program,  and  it  is  designed  for  stu- 
dents who  did  not  major  in  business 
as  an  undergraduate.  This  program 
will  be  discussed  in  greater  detail 
later. 

Before  a  student  decides  whether 
or  not  to  attend  graduate  school,  he 
must  answer  two  important  ques- 
tions: What  kind  of  degree  does  he 
want,  and  what  finances  are  avail- 
able? 

Types  of  Degrees 

\hiny  different  types  of  degrees 
are  available  at  the  various  graduate 
schools.  The  most  common  types  are 
Master  of  Science  (S.M.  or  M.S.); 
Master  of  Business  Administration 
(M.B.A.);  Engineer's  Degrees 
(Mech.E.,  E.E.,  Nucl.E.,  and  others); 
Doctor  of  Science  (Sc.D. );  and  Doc- 
tor of  Philosophy   (Ph.D.) 

The  master's  degree  is  the  first  de- 
gree which  is  normally  obtained  after 


the  Bachelor  of  Science  Degree.  This 
degree  requires  completion  of  eight 
units  of  graduate  work,  which  is 
equivalent  to  thirty-two  semester 
hours;  it  can  be  completed  within  one 
year  if  a  full  academic  load  is  taken, 
and  in  some  cases  must  be  completed 
within  five  years  from  the  date  of  en- 
rollment in  the  graduate  college.  A 
thesis  based  upon  individual  research 
is  usually  required,  and  it  accounts 
for  approximately  twenty-five  percent 
of  the  graduate  work.  The  number 
and  types  of  courses  required  vary 
with  each  school,  but  usually  four 
units  of  credit  must  be  obtained  in 
graduate  level  courses.  The  additional 
units  can  be  obtained  from  under- 
graduate courses  or  additional  grad- 
uate courses. 

The  M.B.A.  degree  at  the  U  of  I 
is  awarded  to  students  who  success- 
fully complete  a  minimum  of  sixty- 
four  semester  hours  ( sixteen  units )  of 
work,  normally  requiring  residence  of 
two  years  or  four  semesters.  No  thesis 
is  required,  and  the  program  is  de- 
signed for  full-time  students. 

The  Engineer's  Degree  requires  a 
minimum  of  t\vo  years  of  work  be- 
yond the  baccalaureate  degree.  The 
aim  of  this  degree  is  to  develop  in 
the  engineer  a  greater  competence 
than  that  required  for  a  master's  de- 
gree, but  there  is  less  emphasis 
placed  on  research  work  than  in  the 
doctoral  course  of  study.  Although 
Illinois  does  not  offer  an  Engineer's 
Degree,  schools  such  as  the  California 
Institute  of  Technology  and  M.I.T. 
offer  these  degrees  in  the  same  fields 
as  the  engineering  departments  here 
at  Illinois.  A  thesis  is  required,  and 
students  who  obtain  this  degree  will 
usually  not  be  admitted  for  doctoral 
work.  Grade  and  residence  require- 
ments for  this  degree  vary  from 
school  to  school  just  as  in  the  cases 


8 


TECHNOGRAPH 


of  the  M.S.  and  the  M.B.A.  degrees. 

The  Doctor  of  Science  Degree  is 
very  simihir  to  the  Doctor  of  Philos- 
ophy degree,  except  that  this  degree 
is  awarded  only  for  studies  in  the 
fields   of   science   and   engineering. 

The  Doctor  of  Philosophy  Degree 
is  the  climax  to  many  long  years  ot 
study.  A  number  of  requirements 
must  be  met  to  obtain  this  degree, 
and  these  requirements  vary  from 
school  to  school  but  usually  consist 
of  the  following: 

A.)  A  student  must  successful!) 
complete  the  work  required  tt) 
obtain  a  master's  degree  or 
equivalent. 

B.)  The  candidate  must  declare 
and  complete  \\ork  in  a  major 
and  minor  field  of  study.  The 
major  is  in  the  same  field  in 
which  the  thesis  work  is  done. 
Minor  or  minors  must  be  taken 
in  a  department  entirely  dif- 
ferent from  the  one  in  \\hich 
the  major  work  is  done.  Major 
and  minor  course  work,  a  total 
of  eight  units,  should  be  com- 
pleted within  the  first  \ear  of 
work  for  the  doctorate. 

C.)  Proficiency  in  reading  tech- 
nical literature  in  two  lan- 
guages, French,  German,  or 
Russian,  must  be  demon- 
strated. 

D.)  When  tlie  above  requirements 
have  been  met,  the  candidate 
must  complete  an  oral  examin- 
ation in  his  major  and  minor 
fields  of  study. 

E.)  The  final  eight  units  of  study 
are  devoted  to  the  thesis  and 
associated  research  work.  Most 
schools  require  the  candidate 
to  reside  at  the  school  while 
completing  the  thesis.  The 
thesis  and  research  work 
should  show  the  candidate's 
ability  to  do  independent  and 
original  work  in  his  chosen 
field  of  study. 

F. )  \Vhen  the  candidate  has  com- 
pleted his  thesis,  he  must 
undergo  a  final  oral  examina- 
tion which  will  cover  his  re- 
search work  and  its  results. 

The  doctorate,  then,  is  a  degree 
designed    to   certif\-    that   the   holder 

NOVEMBER,    1963 


Prospective   gi 
jblications  Off! 


has  de\eloped  his  skills  to  do  creative 
work  in  his  field  of  study  and  has  a 
thorough  knowledge  of  the  funda- 
mentals which  are  required  to  under- 
stand tliis  field. 

Finances 

^\'hen  and  if  the  student  decides  to 
go  to  graduate  school,  the  next  prob- 
lem is  that  of  finances.  There  are  a 
variety  of  funds  available  for  the 
graduate  student,  and  these  include 
fellowships,  assistantships,  tuition  and 
fee  waivers,  and  loans. 

Fellowships  \ary  from  $1,500  to 
$2,400  per  year  and  are  awarded  on 
a  basis  of  high  scholarship.  Many 
sources  provide  fellowships;  among 
these  are  the  University  of  Illinois, 
various  industrial  firms,  private  in- 
dividuals and  organizations,  the  Na- 
tional Science  Foundation,  and  the 
National  Defense  Graduate  Fellow- 
ship program.  No  obligations  are  in- 
curred b\-  the  student,  except  that  he 
is  expected  to  take  a  full  academic 
load  while  the  fellowship  is  in  effect. 

Assistantships  are  appointments 
awarded  to  graduate  students  for  the 
purpose  of  letting  the  student  earn 
money  while  obtaining  experience 
working  for  the  university.  This  work, 
in  the  case  of  a  teaching  assistantship, 
consists  of  class  instruction,  super- 
vision of  labs,  grading  papers,  and  so 
on.  In  other  words,  a  teaching  assist- 


ant is  the  grad  instructor  who  is  so 
dear  to  the  hearts  of  man\'  under- 
graduates. 

.\  research  assistant  helps  faculty' 
members  conduct  research,  and  often 
this  work  coincides  with  the  gradu- 
ate's field  of  study.  Salaries  range 
from  $1,000  to  $4,000  per  year,  and 
the  maximum  number  of  courses 
which  the  graduate  is  allowed  to  take 
depends  upon  whether  the  assistant- 
ship  is  full  or  part  time. 

Counselorships  are  similar  to  assist- 
antships, except  students  are  paid  to 
live  in  the  residence  halls  and  hous- 
ing units  in  order  to  enforce  univer- 
sity regulations  and  quiet  hours. 

Tuition  and  fee  waivers  exempt  the 
student  from  tuition  and  fees  as  long 
as  he  takes  at  least  a  prescribed  mini- 
mum load  and  does  not  do  more  than 
a  specified  amount  of  outside  \\ork 
every  week. 

Loans  are  made  at  low  interest 
rates  to  students  from  various  loan 
fimds  such  as  the  University'  Loan 
Fund  or  the  National  Defense  Ed- 
ucation .Act  service.  These  loans  may 
be  canceled  either  fully  or  in  part  if 
the  student  takes  up  a  specialization 
such  as  teaching;  if  they  are  not  can- 
celed, the  loans  must  be  repaid  with- 
in a  given  number  of  years  after 
graduation. 

{continued  on  page  35) 


In  just  a  few  short  months,  those 
new  graduates  spanned  the  dis- 
tance from  the  classroom  to  the 
space  age. They  joined  with  their 
experienced  colleagues  in  tack- 
ling a  variety  of  tough  assign- 
ments.On  July  20th,  1963, their 
product  went  off  with  a  roar  that 
lasted  two  solid  minutes,  provid- 
ing more  than  1,000,000  pounds 
of  thrust  on  the  test  stand.  This 
was  part  of  the  USAF  Titan  III  C 
first   stage,  for  which   United 
Technology  Center  is  the  con- 
tractor. Two  of  these   rockets 
will  provide  over  80%  of  all  the 
thrust  developed  by  the  vehicle. 
Some  of  you  now  reading  this 
page  may  soon  be  a  part  of  that 
program. ..or  a  part  of  other  sig- 
nificant, long-range  programs. 
■  UTC  now  offers  career  oppor- 
tunities for  promising  graduates 
at  the  bachelor's,  master's,  and 
doctoral  levels  in  EE,  ME,  AeroE, 
and  ChE.  Positions  are  impor- 
tant and  offer  personal  and  pro- 
fessional reward  in  the  areas  of 
systems  analysis,  instrumenta- 
tion, data  acquisition,  prelimi- 
nary design,  aerothermodynam- 
ics,  stress  analysis,  structure 
dynamics,  testing,  propellant 
development  and  processing.  ■ 
If  your  idea  of  a  career  in  the 
space  age   includes  joining  a 
young,  vital,  aggressive  com- 
pany... then  get  in  touch  with 
us  now!  If  you  want  to  work  with 
men  who  can  develop  and  build 
a  wide  variety  of  sophisticated 
propulsion  systems,  write  today 
to:  Mr.  J.  W.  Waste. 

UNITED 

TECHNOLOGY 

CENTER 


SOME  OF 

THE  MEN  WHO 

MKEO  ON  IT 

WERE  IN 

GOLLEGES 

UKE YOURS 

kYEMIIGO 


p.  0.  Box  358 ■  Dept.  E,  Sunnyvale,  California 

U.S.  Citizenship  Required-  Equal  Opportunity  Employ 


10 


TECHNOGRAPH 


RCA's 

DAVID  SARNOFF 

RESEARCH 

CENTER 

INVITES  INQUIRING 

SCIENTIFIC  MINDS 

TO  PROBE  INTO 

ELECTRONIC 
FUNDAMENTALS 


RCA  Laboratories  located  in 
Princeton,  New  Jersey,  is  the  research 
headquarters  for  the  Radio  Corpora- 
tion of  America.  The  major  emphasis 
at  the  Laboratories  is  on  sol\ing  funda- 
mental problems  with  a  large  percent- 
age of  the  research  program  de\  oted 
to  electronic  materials  and  devices. 

The  Laboratories'  steady  rate  of 
growth  presents  an  opportunit\  for 
ad\anced-degree  candidates  in  Physics. 
Chemistry,  Mathematics  and  Electrical 
Engineering  to  take  part  in  research 
in  the  following  areas: 

■  MATERIALS  SYNTHESIS— Explora- 
tory synthesis  and  crystal  growth  of 
new  electronically  acti\e  materials. 

■  SOLID  STATE  DISPLAYS— Interdis- 

An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


ciplinary  research  in  image  presen- 
tation, electroluminescence  and 
photoconductixity. 

IPROGRAMMING     RESEARCH- 

ln\estigation  into  algebraic  ma- 
nipulation, compiler  technique, 
formulation  of  executive  and 
monitor  routines. 

I  PLASMA    PHYSICS— Theoretical 

and  experimental  studies  in  the 
gaseous  and  solid  state. 

I  THEORETICAL  PHYSICS  — Funda- 
mental research  in  solid  state 
ph_\sics. 

I  COMPUTER  RESEARCH— Emphasis 

on   superconducti\e   de\ices,    thin 


films,  magnetic  devices,  solid  state 
circuits,  and  computer  theory. 

■  INTEGRATED  ELECTRONICS  — I n- 

\estigation  of  new  and  no\el  tech- 
niques for  constructing  and  using 
integrated  circuits  and  devices. 

■  LASER     COMMUNICATIONS  — 

Fundamental  studies  in  quantum 
noise  effects,  and  complex  light 
modulation  systems. 

You  are  invited  to  investigate  these 
and  other  interesting  opportunities 
within  RCA  Laboratories  by  either 
writing  to  the  Administrator,  Gradu- 
ate Recruiting,  RCA  Laboratories, 
Princeton,  N.  J.  or  meeting  with  our 
representative  when  he  visits  your 
uni\ersity. 


THE  MOST  TRUSTED  NAME 
IN  ELECTRONICS 


NOVEMBER,    1963 


Business  Wants  ...  of  You 


By  Fredrick  R.  Kappel 


The  editor  of  Technograph  has 
kindly  invited  me  to  say  how  I  think 
engineering  students  can  best  prepare 
themselves  for  careers  in  business 
organizations. 

Persona/  Responsibility 

The  most  important  thought  I  can 
offer  may  seem  rather  simple,  but 
it  is  still  the  most  important  in  my 
judgment.  This  is  that  each  man  un- 
derstand that  he  is  now,  and  always 
will  be,  primarily  responsible  for  his 
own  development. 

If  you  ask  a  man,  "Who  is  mainly 
responsible?"  he  will  almost  always 
say,  "I  am."  But  experience  shows 
that  in  many  cases  his  acceptance 
is  more  in  his  mouth  than  in  his 
mind.  Many  people  seem  to  think 
that  self-development  consists  of 
working  hard  in  a  course  of  study,  or 
learning  additional  skills  on  a  new 
job.  However  this  is  not  self-devel- 
opment. This  is  responding  to 
activities  that  are  put  in  one's  way, 
and  being  a  responder  is  not  enough. 
If  a  man  is  not  his  own  prime  mover, 
then  a  company's  efforts  to  help  him— 
or  a  college's— are  not  worth  the  time 
and  expense. 

To  many  young  men,  when  the\' 
enter  business,  it  apparently  comes 
as  a  new  idea  that  strengthening  and 
developing  their  individualit}'  is  their 
own  personal  problem;  this  despite 
the  fact  that  they  have  just  finished 
sixteen  or  more  years  of  education 
that  should  have  driven  the  point 
home. 

These  comments  about  self-devel- 
opment apply  generally,  but  I  assure 
you  that  in  my  mind  they  apply  no 
less  to  engineers  than  to  others. 

To  make  a  specific  suggestion  on 
the  content  of  engineering  study,  I 
think  a  good  basic  grounding  in  engi- 
neering economics,  in  the  principles 
for  achieving  sound  economic  balance 
in  engineering  decisions,  is  an  in- 
creasingly important  element  in  the 
training  of  young  engineers  who  as- 
pire to  positions  of  leadership. 


Individual  Vitality 

But  speaking  more  broadly  again, 
what  a  well  conducted,  progressive 
business  will  want  from  you  above 
all  is  your  individual  vitality.  This 
in  my  definition  comprehends  sus- 
tained competence;  creative,  venture- 
some drive;  and  a  strong  feeling  of 
ethical  responsibility,  which  means 
an  inner  need  to  do  what  is  right 
and  not  just  what  one  is  required 
to  do. 

Perhaps  you  sense  a  connection  be- 
tween this  feeling  of  ethical  respon- 
sibility and  what  I  have  already  said 
about  self -development.  If  not,  let  me 
see  ff  I  can  suggest  the  relationship. 

Engineering  (to  put  my  thought 
in  the  context  of  your  interest)  means 
making  decisions.  But  when  a  de- 
cision is  made,  should  it  be  judged 
on  the  basis  tliat  it  represented  the 
best  choice  the  engineer  could  make 
at  the  time?  Or  rather,  should  it  be 
judged  on  the  basis  that  he  did  or 
did  not  make  sufficient  effort  to  fore- 
see the  necessity  for  decision,  and 
that  he  did  or  did  not  thereupon 
make  the  further  effort  to  come  up 
with  a  better  choice  than  would  have 
been  possible  without  the  exercise 
of  foresight? 

If  the  answer  is,  "he  did  not,"  then, 
in  the  view  I  am  suggesting  here,  he 
did  not  meet  his  ethical  responsi- 
bilit}'. 

In  other  words,  if  you  stumble  be- 
cause you  are  not  prepared,  the  fail- 
ure is  not  at  the  time  of  stumbling. 
The  real  ethical  failure  came  earlier, 
in  not  using  foresight  and  develop- 
ing the  abilit}'  to  meet  a  future  need. 
Self-development,  therefore,  is  a  mat- 
ter of  moral  obligation. 

Management  Ability 

To  conclude  no\\— what  should  an 
ethical,  capable  manager  be  able  to 
do?  I  will  summarize  four  tests  that 
we  want  every  manager  in  our  busi- 
ness to  be  able  to  meet. 


Frederick  R.  Kappel  has  been  chairman  of  the 
board  of  the  Americon  Telephone  and  Telegroph 
Company  since  August,  1961,  ond  is  author  of 
Vitalily  in  a  Business  Enterprise,  a  short  book 
which  treats  the  ideas  put  forth  in  this  article 
more  extensively. 


First,  he  is  able  to  state  a  goal  and 
reach  it.  The  ability  to  say,  "Here  is 
where  I  intend  to  go,"  and  get  there, 
is  the  first  requirement. 

Second,  he  reaches  these  goals  by 
organizing   and   inspiring   others.   Heg  i 
is  able  to  lead  others  so  that  they  find!;  i 
their  pursuit  of  the  goals  a  satisfying 
experience. 

Third,  his  judgment  is  respected  by  'i 
those   whose   cooperation   is   needed 

Fourth,    he    performs    well    undei  ' 
stress.    Whatever    the    cause    of    the* 
stress,  he  sees  it  as  a  challenge  rather 
than  as  a  threat. 

I  think  these  tests  are  just  as  im- 
portant in  our  engineering  activities  < 
as  in  any  other  phase  of  management.  . 
And  for  those  \\'ho  aspire  to  engineer-  ■ 
ing  leadersliip,  ability  to  meet  them  i 
is  essential. 

Good  luck  to  you,  and  remember— - 
your  development  is  \our   o\\ti  per- 
sonal problem. 


12 


TECHNOGRAPH  i 


AN  INVITATION  TO 
RESEARCH-MINDED  PEOPLE 

from  the 

U.S.  NAVAL 
LABORATORIES 
of  the  POTOMAC 


You  may  already  be  familiar  with  one  or  more  of  the  Navy's  research  and 
development  organizations  in  suburban  Washington  and  nearby  communi- 
ties. But  this  will  be  your  first  contact  with  all  EIGHT  as  an  entity  .  .  .  the 
first  in  a  series  of  personal  messages  frankly  intended  to  acquaint  engineers 
and  scientists  of  almost  all  disciplines  and  levels  of  experience  with  the  un- 
usual advantages  offered  in  common  by  the  U.  S.  Naval  Laboratories  of  the 
Potomac— i'n  the  heartland  of  the  nation's  research  effort. 


Nowhere  else  can  you  find  .  .  . 

•  The  opportunity,  not  occasionally 
but  constantly,  to  work  on  and  contrib- 
ute to  large-scale  programs  of  national 
significance. 

•  Outstanding — and  oftentimes 
unique — facilities  and  equipments, 
backed  up  by  the  vast  resources  of  the 
Navy  itself. 

•  Broad-ranging  responsibilities — far 
beyond  what  you're  likely  to  find  else- 
where— for  a  number  of  programs,  or 
in  a  variety  of  study  areas.  (Your  best 
way  to  know  what's  going  on,  and  to 
become  widely  known  yourself.) 

9  The  stimulation  of  the  Nation's 
Capital,  but  in  suburban  areas,  out  of 
traJEc  and  congestion. 


•  The  freedom  to  think  and  act  on 
your  own  initiative,  unfettered  by  the 
corporate  "profit-motive"  limitation. 

•  A  nice  blending  of  stability  and  op- 
portunity, enhanced  by  the  fact  that 
the  Washington  area  has  grown  to  be- 
come one  of  the  four  largest  private 
research  centers  in  the  nation. 

•  Career  Civil  Service — up  to  26  days 
paid  vacation  and  13  days  sick  leave 
per  year,  partly-paid  insurance  pro- 
gram, a  new  inflation-proof  retirement 
policy,  etc. — and  a  variety  of  graduate 
education  programs  for  advance  de- 
grees. 


Send  your  qualifications  and  career  Interests  direct  to  the 

Employment  Officer  (Dep't  C)  of  the  activity  In  which  you  are 

Interested,  or  watch  for  Laboratory  representatives  to  Interview  on  campus. 

If  no  local  address  Is  given,  send  your  Inquiry 

c/o  Department  of  the  Navy,  Washington  25,  D.  C.  A 


NAVAL   RESEARCH 
LABORATORY   (NRL) 

—heavy  emphasis  on  pure  and  basic  research 
Into  all  the  physical  sciences  under  sponsor- 
ship of  various  government  agencies  in  order 
to  increase  knowledge  of  these  sciences  them- 
selves ...  as  well  as  to  improve  materials, 
techniques,  and  systems  for  the  Navy. 

NAVAL  ORDNANCE 
LABORATORY  (NOL) 

-conducting  RDT  &  E  of  complete  ordnance 
systems,  assemblies,  components  and  ma- 
terials pertaining  to  existing,  advanced,  and 
proposed  weapons  .  .  .  principally  to  missiles 
and  underseas  ordnance.  Located  at  White 
Oak,  Silver  Spring,  Md. 

NAVAL  WEAPONS 
LABORATORY 

—engaged,  first,  in  studying  ballistics,  astro- 
nautics, and  advanced  weapons  systems 
through  research  in  mathematics,  physics, 
and  engineering  .  .  .  and,  second,  in  working 
on  various  classified  DOD  projects  with  the 
latest  computer  technology  and  systems.  NWL 
Is  located  at  Dahlgren,  Virginia. 

NAVAL  OCEANOGRAPHIC 
OFFICE 

-growing  programs  involving  environmental 
investigations  of,  and  new  developments, 
methods,  techniques,  and  equipment  in  ocea- 
nography, hydrography,  gravity,  magnetism, 
instrumentation,  and  related  navigational  sci- 
ence .  .  .  including  charts  and  publications. 
Was  the  Navy's  Hydrographic  Office. 

DAVID  TAYLOR 
MODEL   BASIN 

-a  complex  of  four  laboratories  (Hydrome- 
chanics, Aerodynamics,  Structural  Mechanics, 
and  Applied  Mathematics)  conducting  funda- 
mental and  applied  research  into  submarine, 
surface  ship,  aircraft,  and  missile  design 
concepts  .  .  .  applied  mathematics  .  .  .  and 
related  instrumentation. 


NAVAL  PROPELLANT  PLANT 

—conducts  studies  in  chemistry,  chemical 
engineering,  chemical  process  development 
and  pilot  plant  operation  for  solid  and  liquid 
propellants  ...  as  well  as  manufactures,  tests, 
and  delivers  missile  propulsion  units  from 
their  Indian  Head,  Maryland,  facilities, 

NAVAL  AIR  TEST  CENTER 

—responsible  for  RDT  &  E  of  advanced  aircraft 
and  airborne  weapons  systems,  with  emphasis 
on  improving  carrier  operations  (esp.  launch 
and  recovery),  and  aircraft  radars,  radio, 
IFF,  data  link,  computers,  ECM,  etc.  Today, 
nearly  half  of  the  professional  effort  at  this 
Patuxent  River,  Maryland,  facility  is  devoted 
to  research. 


NAVAL  OBSERVATORY 

—continued  fundamental  observations  of  posi- 
tions and  motions  of  celestial  bodies  .  .  . 
basic  research  in  positional  astronomy  and 
celestial  mechanics  .  .  .  determination  of 
precise  times  and  frequencies  .  .  .  computing 
and  publishing  astronomical  ephemerides  and 
catalogs. 


NOVEMBER,    1963 


13 


BRAINS 


OR 


BUST 


Engineering  Honors  Program 

By  Stuart  Umpleby  EE  '66 


Throughout  the  history  of  the  Uni- 
versity, tlie  College  of  Engineering  has 
been  characterized  by  steady  improve- 
ment in  the  quality  of  students  and  by 
the  college  tradition  of  continuous 
modernization  of  curricula.  A  logical 
extention  of  these  two  facts  was  the 
establishment  of  the  Engineering 
Honors  Program  within  the  College 
of  Engineering.  It  was  initiated  for 
two  reasons;  number  one,  to  enable 
exceptional  engineering  students  to 
advance  to  the  fullest  extent  of  their 
capabilities,  not  only  in  the  requii'ed 
courses  of  their  curriculum,  but  also 
in  actual  research  experience  and  in 
more  diversified  study  of  the  humani- 
ties and  social  sciences;  number  two, 
to  improve  the  quality  of  all  under- 
graduate instruction. 

Presently,  admission  to  the  program 
requires  only  a  4.5  grade  j)oint  aver- 
age for  at  least  one  semester.  How- 
ever, the  College  Honors  Council 
plans  to  revise  the  program's  entrance 
requirements  so  that  the  number  and 
difficulty  of  courses,  time  devoted  to 
employment,  research  assistant  work, 
and  other  scholarly  activities  under- 
taken by  the  students  are  also  con- 
sidered. Approximately  150  students 
or  3  to  4%  of  the  total  college  en- 
rollment participates  in  the  program 
each  semester. 

As  a  member  of  the  Honors  Pro- 
gram, a  student  enrolls  in  special  sec- 
tions ("starred"  in  the  time  table  of 
courses )  offering  more  comprehensive 
and  flexible  approaches  to  the  usual 
subject  matter.  An  honors  student  is 
also  encouraged  to  take  proficiency 
examinations  whenever  possible   and 


to  receive  exemptions  from  the  usual 
prerequisites  in  order  to  enter  higher- 
level  courses  directly. 

For  seniors  and  juniors  with  ex- 
ceptional backgrounds,  the  Honors 
Program  provides  special  seminars,  re- 
search participation,  individual  proj- 
ect arrangements,  and  senior  theses. 
Interdisciplinary  seminars  are  espe- 
cially emphasized,  both  between  de- 
partments and  between  colleges.  Em- 
phasis throughout  the  program  is  on 
advanced  work  and  self-generated 
study.  The  motivating  force  is  indi- 
vidual inspiration,  fostered  through 
personal  contact  with  outstanding  fac- 
ulty members  both  as  advisors  and 
as  study  or  research  directors. 


But  the  Engineering  Honors  Pro- 
gram was  not  established  solely  for 
the  benefit  of  a  small  elite  group.  The 
Honors  Council  will  organize  an  ex- 
perimental course  on  any  subject 
where  sufficient  demand  indicates  a 
new  course  would  be  beneficial,  and 
it  is  through  the  establishment  of 
such  pilot  courses  that  the  Honors 
Program  performs  its  most  vital  func- 
tion for  the  college.  Each  new  honors 
course  either  may  be  the  forerunner 
of  a  new  course  for  all  undergradu- 
ates or  may  furnish  additional  ma- 
terial to  be  incorporated  into  existing 
courses.  The  significance  of  this 
method  of  upgrading  all  undergradu- 
ate engineering  curricula  was  pointed 
out  by  Professor  Charles  A.  Wert, 
chairman  of  the  College  Honors 
Council,  who  said,  "Seniors  today 
learn  material  which  a  few  years  ago 
was  obtained  only  in  Ph.D.  studies. 
The  council  hopes  that  the  Honors 
Program  will  accelerate  the  rate  at 
which  advanced  material  can  be  suc- 
cessfully assimilated  into  the  under-  . 
graduate  curriculum." 

All  students  interested  in  the  En- 
gineering Honors  Program  should 
contact  either  Dean  Opperman  in  103 
CEH  or  Professor  Wert  in  217  Metal- 
lurgy and  Mining  Building  (formerly 
Physics  Laboratory).  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


Morris  Dahlstrom,  sophomore,  and  Chuck  Dollins, 
□  tus  they  have  used  to  moke  large  single  crystals 
ir.   Wert,   Professor  of  Metallurgical   Engineering,    is 


ienior,  show  Professor  Chorles  A.  Wert  the  oppa- 
of  niobium  for  use  in  graduate  thesis  research, 
'heir   honors  advisor. 


14 


TECHNOGRAPH 


CQ  de 
W9YH 

by  Paul  Glhring     GE     '64 


W'lien  radio  amateurs  enter  college, 
tlK'\^  often  discover  it  isn't  as  easy  to 
turn  off  their  hobby  as  it  was  to  turn 
off  their  receivers  after  a  night  on 
the  ham  bands.  This  fact  explains  the 
existence  of  Synton  Amateur  Radio 
Club  at  the  University  of  Illinois. 

Many  of  the  traditional  character- 
istics of  the  hundreds  of  amateur 
radio  clubs  in  the  United  States  are 
found  in  Synton.  Some  of  the  more 
familiar  ones  are,  of  course,  a  nucleus 
of  licensed  amateurs,  a  meeting  place 
filled  with  cigarette  smoke  and  the 
smell  of  coffee,  a  constitution  filed 
away  in  some  forgotten  drawer,  and 
equipment  to  permit  members  to  get 
on  the  air  when  they  have  an  urge 
to  "fire  it  up." 


All  of  Synton's  25  to  30  members 
are  college  students  as  well  as  hams. 
Monthly  meetings  consist  of  a  tech- 
nical talk  of  general  interest  to  radio 
amatuers  and  an  informal  business 
meeting.  The  speaker  for  the  evening 
is  usually  a  member  of  the  club,  but 
occasionally  a  faculty  member  speaks. 
Topics  presented  in  the  past  have 
ranged  from  "VHF  Construction 
Techniques"  to  "Vertically  Polarized, 
Log  Periodic,  Zig  Zag  Antennas."  At 
a  meeting  last  spring,  the  club  presi- 
dent gave  a  talk  on  a  research  project 
carried  out  by  the  Antenna  Lab  where 
he  has  worked  part  time  since  his 
freshman  year.  He  showed  "home- 
made" movies  of  a  L5-kw  ground  con- 
trol transmitter  which  he  worked  on 
for  many  months,  electronic  equip- 
ment which  was  packed  into  a  small 
research  rocket,  and  finally  the  rocket 
firing  at  Elgin  AFB  in  Florida. 

As  a  club  project,  a  small  com- 
mittee has  been  doing  preliminary 
work  on  a  series  of  television  pro- 
grams featuring  amateur  radio  in  the 
United  States.  The  series  will  present 
some  of  the  important  activities  of 
amateurs  in  this  country,  and  infor- 


Satellite  Communications  Physics 
FREE    from  Bell  Telephone 


How    do    you    calculate    a    satellite's 

orbit?  What  color  should  a  satellite  be? 

I    These    questions    and    others    like    them 

I    are  answered   in  a   book   titled   Saiellife 

Communicafions    Physics,     prepared     by 

some  of  the  scientists  and  engineers  who 

I    designed  and  developed  the  Telstar  sat- 

I    ellite.  The  88-page  illustrated  book  was 

written  as  an  aid  to  high  school  science 

education,  and   it  is  equally  informative 

I    for  the  undergraduate   engineering   stu- 

I    dent   interested    in    satellite    communica- 

!    tions.  Teachers  and  students  may  obtain 

I    copies,   without   charge,   from    local    Bell 

i    Telephone  companies. 

Part  1  explains  some  of  the  reasons 
for  communicating  by  means  of  man- 
made  satellite,  describes  the  progress 
made  in  space  communications,  and 
points  out  some  of  the  problems  that  had 
to  be  solved.  It  was  written  by  the  editor, 

NOVEMBER,    1963 


Ronald  M.  Foster,  Jr.  Part  2  contains  six 
case  histories  about  the  problem-solving 
techniques  involved  in  designing  a  com- 
munications satellite,  keeping  it  working 
in  outer  space,  and  repairing  it  even 
after  it  has  been  placed  in  orbit. 

Satellite  Communications  Physics  is 
written  so  as  to  give  high  school  science 
and  college  engineering  students  an  idea 
of  the  problems  and  solutions  encoun- 
tered by  scientists  and  engineers  who 
worked  on  the  Telstar  project.  Each  prob- 
lem is  taken  from  a  somewhat  different 
technological  area:  aerospace  mechan- 
ics, mechanical  engineering,  optics,  elec- 
tronics, psychology,  and  electrical  engi- 
neering. 

The  book  is  challenging  and  satisfy- 
ing to  teachers  and  students  seeking 
some  understanding  of  the  physics  of 
satellite  communications.  G.M.D.     ♦  ♦  ♦ 


Synton's     president,     Bill    Henry    (K9GWT),  re- 

loxing    at    the    club    station    W9YH,    during  last 

year's  Engineering  Open  House  display  in  ttie 
EE  Building. 

mation  on  how  to  obtain  an  amateur 
radio  license.  If  a  suitable  program 
is  completed  early  enough,  the  Uni- 
versity television  station,  WILL-TV 
in  Champaign,  will  telecast  the  series 
during  their  spring  season. 

As  an  annual  project  for  the  Engi- 
neering Open  House  weekend,  Syn- 
ton members  set  up  and  operate  the 
club  station,  W9YH  as  a  display  in 
the   Electrical   Engineering   Building. 

Synton's  radio  shack  is  located  in 
the  basement  of  a  University  owned 
building  on  Oregon  Street.  The  "big 
rig,"  which  has  recently  been  re- 
stored to  operating  condition  after  a 
long  period  of  "de-bugging,"  is  a 
severely  modified  surplus  BC-610 
transmitter  which  runs  about  500 
watts  input  to  the  final  amplifier.  A 
Collins  32RS-1  Single  Sideband 
Transceiver  which  runs  100  watts 
PEP  was  donated  to  the  club  this  fall 
by  Collins  Radio  Company.  A  Halli- 
crafters  SX-71  receiver,  a  low  power 
CW  transmitter,  and  other  equipment 
are  also  available  in  the  shack.  The 
antenna  is  an  end-fed  Zepp. 

Anyone  interested  in  amateur 
radio,  whether  he  holds  a  license  or 
not,  may  become  a  member  simply 
by  paying  the  dues  of  $2.50  per  se- 
mester or  $4.00  per  year.  The  club 
has  no  female  members  at  this  time, 
but  has  had  in  the  past,  and  they  are 
certainly  welcome.  Any  student  in- 
terested in  obtaining  his  ham  license 
can  get  help  from  the  club.  All  in- 
terested students  are  invited  to  visit 
Synton's  meetings,  which  are  held  at 
7:30  p.m.  on  the  second  Thursday  of 
each  month  in  the  Electrical  Engi- 
neering Lounge.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


15 


wtrnmnmrn 

II 

1 

^ 

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//V  S/»>«C£— Environmental  control  systems  for  astronauts,  research  in  life  sciences,  advanced  space  power 
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the  world's  airliners  and  military  aircraft,  central  air  data  systems,  heat  transfer  equipment  and  hundreds  of 
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pneumatic  power  for  ships;  inflatable  survival  gear  for  commercial  aircraft.  UNDER  THE  S£^- Environmental 
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THE  FUTURE  IS  BUILDING  NOIM^  AT 


Los  Angeles  •  Phoeni> 


16 


technograph: 


Now  the  Monsanto  man. 


MONSANTO   CHEMICAL   COMPANY 


also  represents . . . 


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CiG- 


He's  ready  to  answer  your  career  questions  about 
any  or  all  of  these  outstanding  organizations 


Their  products  range  from  chemicals  to  chemi- 
cal fibers  . .  .  from  plastic  bottles  to  nuclear 
sources.  Their  diverse  activities  create  oppor- 
tunities in  research,  development,  engineering, 
manufacturing,  and  marketing.  Yet,  because 
each  is  an  important  member  of  the  Monsanto 
corporate  family,  the  Monsanto  Professional 
Employment  representative  coming  to  your 
campus  is  fully  prepared  to  give  you  complete 
facts  on  amj  or  all  of  them  . . .  show  you  where 
you  may  fit  in. 

You  will  have  a  better  opportunity  to  learn 
more  about  ms  .  .  .  in  a  single  interview.  See 


your  Placement  Director  now  to  set  up  that 
interview  when  we  visit  your  campus  soon. 
Or,  wi'ite  for  our  new  brochure,  "You  And 
Monsanto,"  to  Manager,  Professional  Recruit- 
ing, MONSANTO,  St.  Louis,  Missouri  63166. 


Monsanto 


AN    EQUAL   OPPORTUNITY    EMPLOYER 


i  NOVEMBER,    1963 


17 


J4o 


Wayne  Cruucli 
Technograph  Editor 
48  EEB 
Dear  Editor: 

What  in  the  IicU  is  the  idea  of  sending  somchodij  over 
here  to  interview  me?  EspceiaUy  a  spineless  ninny  like 
the  one  wlio  just  left  (after  being  told  off  good  and 
proper).  He  was  a  shifty-eyed  runt  of  a  kid  with  baggy 
pants— you  can't  trust  anyone  that's  shifty  eyed— he 
stole  one  of  my  pencils,  in  fact.  I  don't  want  to  be 
bothered  by  tJtis  kind  of  visitation.  My  work  is  stifp- 
eiently  well  reported  in  a  manner  I  consider  optimal  in 
the  technical  journals.  I  have  nothing  more  to  com- 
municate. But  I  am  writing  this  also  to  tell  you  a  feu- 
facts  about  this  ill-clad,  uninformed  young  boob.  .  .  . 

I  was  hard  at  work  on  mtj  advanced  study,  the  ob- 
ject of  which  is  to  understand  some  basic  underlying 
phenomena  and  things.  I  have  been  on  this  complex 
problem  for  seven  years,  happy,  alone,  engaged  in  a 
■scientific  search  for  truth,  and  in  walks  this  student  and 
starts  asking  questions  and  throwing  my  thoughts  all  out 
of  whack.  At  first,  before  I  found  out  he  was  from  tech- 
nograph, I  talked  to  him;  I  thought  he  was  trying  to 
register  in  my  course  "Electricity  for  Fun." 

But  his  questions  were  im))ossible.  "What  are  you  try- 
ing to  find  in  your  research?  Is  it  important?"  Of  course 
it's  important,  but  as  I  told  him:  "I  can't  answer  crack- 
pot questions  like  these— I  don't  know  what  it's  for,  and 
I  don't  care— I  come  up  with  new  ideas  and  other  people 
can  decide  what  to  do  icith  them."  But  I  was  tolerant- 
I  figured  he  wanted  to  know  something  and  just  didn't 
know  how  to  ask  the  right  questions.  He  ivas  a  pathetic 
little  snook.  I  volunteered  information:  "The  object  of 
'Electricity  for  Fun'  is  threefold,"  I  said.  "Namely,  to 
teach  you  about  electricity,  to  give  you  fun,  and  to  show 
you  how  to  engage  in  a  .scientific  search  for  truth— just 
like  it  .says  in  tlie  catalog." 

At  this  iwint.  looking  around  furtively  with  his  .shiftii, 
dishonest-looking  eyes,  he  said,  "Vd  like  to  do  an  article 
about  your  research.  What  are  you  trying  to  do?" 

"What  am  I  frying  to  do?"  I  don't  tell  anyone  what  Vm 
trying  to  do— this  is  the  age  of  idea  theft— for  all  1  knew 
he  could  have  been  from  General  Electric  or  some  other 
electricity  manufacturer  who  icould  just  love  dearly  to 
probe  my  understanding  of  basic  underlying  phenomena 
and  things.  Beside,  although  perhaps  it  .shows  immodestu. 
I  would  have  thaught  that  even  an  undergraduate  would 
know  something  of  my  work  in  current  transmission.  No 
secret  has  been  made  of  my  winnini^  the  J.  Oliver 
Armbuster  Award  for  Vnderstanding  Basic  Underlying 
Phenomena  Behind  AC-DC  Current  Transmission  and 
Things.  Have  you  heard  of  it?  Did  you  write  it  up?  If 
not,  you  may.  if  you  think  it  is  still  newsworthy .  I  got 
it  in  1946. 

Well,    I    tried   to    play   along    good-naturedly— I    feel 


sorry  for  you  stupid  kids  and  will  do  all  I  can  to  hel]) 
you  as  long  as  it  doesn't  involve  telling  you  what  I'm 
doing.  What  I  mean  is  students  are  enough  trouble 
taking  up  your  time,  hitting  you  with  their  bicycles, 
getting  in  your  way  in  the  cafeteria,  and  .so  on.  without 
coming  right  into  yoiw  laboratory.  So  I  asked  the  boy 
if  he  was  in  engineering:  I  didn't  think  he  could  be,  he 
had  been  so  illiteratized  .somewhere  along  the  line.  Then 
he  admitted,  shamefacedly,  that  he  was  from  techno- 
graph. He  said  he  couldn't  imagine  why  you  had  given 
him  such  a  tough  assignment.  In  fact,  his  remarks  did 
not  make  him  sound  particularly  loyal  to  you  or  tech- 
nograph. but  I  coiddn't  blame  him  for  thai.  I  saw  that 
it  ivas  hopeless,  so  I  threw  him  out.  calling  him  an 
ignoramus.  He  said  nothing  back,  I'll  say  to  his  credit 
—at  least  he  respects  his  betters. 

I  have  decided  to  help  you  out,  in  spite  of  my  anger 
at  your  pencil-stealing  reporter.  1  am  sending  you  a  14 
.X  18  photograph  of  myself  accepting  the  Armbuster 
Award,  a  copy  of  the  citation,  and  the  text  of  my  ac- 
ceptance speech.  You  have  my  permission  to  use  it. 

Please  keep  your  so-called  reporters  away  from  me. 
I  like  to  read  about  what  other  people  are  doing,  but  I 
refuse  to  stoop  to  writing  such  things  about  mi/.self.  It's 
not  dignified.  I  woidd  rather  discover  something  and 
keep  it  secret  than  tell  about  it  in  any  publication  of 
lesser  caliber  than  Electric  Chair  and  Round  Table. 

Sincerely, 

Chester  Mervin  Balderdash,  Ph.D. 

Professor  of  Electric  Home  Wiring 


Dear  Prof.  C.  M.  Balderdash: 

I  ivas  sorry  to  hear  about  your  interview  tJiat 
tvent  awry.  People  like  the  one  you  had  the  mis- 
fortune to  meet  make  life  more  difficult  than  it 
should  he,  and  they  certainly  do  not  make  much 
of  a  contribution  to  improving  communications. 
But  unfortunately  one  often  has  to  work  with 
such  people  and  make  the  best  of  it.  This  illus- 
trates the  sort  of  problems  Technograph  has  to 


face  in  doing  its  job. 

Please  accept  my  personal  apologies  for  getting 
you  into  this.  I  regret  involving  you  in  a  situation 
that  was  so  bad  you  almost  lost  your  temper,  and 
I  thank  you  for  your  forebearance  and  restraint 
in  a  nasty  situation. 

Sincerely, 
Wayne  Crouch 
Technograph  Editor 


18 


TECHNOGRAPH 


^J^uml 


Dear  Wain: 

Today  I  uent  over  too  Professor  C.  M.  Balderdashes 
office  as  ijou  instructed  and  tried  to  £:.et  an  articJe  on 
his  elektronics  research.  He  is  a  mousey  little  man  witi} 
large,  ivide,  dtdldookin^i  eyes— the  kind  that  hetrey  stu- 
pidity—and  he  acted  like  he  was  scared  to  death  of  me. 
He  miwt  fit  in  well  as  an  instructor  because  he  couldn't 
begin  to  understand  my  questions,  so  I  didn't  get  an 
article.  At  first  I  thought  maybe  I'd  handled  it  wrong 
—but  I  couldn't  see  where  I'd  made  any  mistakes  (ex- 
cept for  forgeting  to  take  a  pencil  icith  me).  Here's 
what  hap])ened—see  what  you  think  .  .  . 

First  I  asked  him  what  is  happening  in  his  work,  and 
he  got  pale  and  started  stammaring  some  sillyness  about 
"Electricity  for  Fun"— I  never  did  understand  that.  As 
you  suggested,  I  kept  probing:  "What  exactly  is  it  you 
are  trying  to  accomplish?  What  are  the  possible  apli- 
cation.s?  Why  is  it  important?"  And  he  would  answe:  "I 
don't  konw."  He  was  shaking  like  a  leif.  Well,  it  went 
on  and  on  like  thii,  me  asking  sensable,  intelligent  ques- 
tions, and  him  muttering  nieve,  ignorant  ansers.  I  never 
thought  a  Prof,  could  be  like  this;  they  are  always  so 
dominering  in  class. 

Finally  we  .mt  staring  at  each  other  (I  staring  boldly, 
him  fritenly).  After  a  time  he  said,  "Where  arc  you 
from,  young  man?"  I  told  him.  once  again,  from  Tech- 


nograf  and  pationately  explained,  for  the  aighth  time, 
what  you  wanted  (I  hope  you  don't  mind  my  using  your 
name  and  po.iifion—I  thought  it  might  help).  After  a  few 
uncomplimentry  remarks  about  the  magazene,  he  as-ked, 
"What  is  your  field?"  "Machanical  engineering."  I  said, 
thanking  God  in  my  mind  that  I  wasn't  in  his  feild! 
"Do  you  engage  in  scintific  .searches  for  truth  doun 
there?"  he  asked.  How  stupid.  Vd  already  told  him  I'm 
in  Machanical  Engineering— not  Physics. 

I  tried  to  get  back  to  the  ta.sk  at  hand.  "I  understand 
you  are  interested  in  current  transmision  .  .  ."  I  began, 
and  for  the  first  time  he  came  alive.  "So  you  know  about 
my  Armbustcr  Award,"  he  said,  grinning  foothlissly  at 
me.  His  big  cow-eyes  were  really  shining.  "Do  you  want 
to  write  about  that?  It's  interesting  .  .  ."  "No,"  I  said. 
"I'd  like  to  write  about  what  you  are  doing  right  now. 
Can  you  tell  me  what  it  is?"  "Well,"  he  said,  "I'm  talking 
to  you— but  I  should  be  icorking—you  know,  engaging 
in  a  scintific  search  for  truth." 

Well,  Wain,  Vm  sorry  to  admit  it,  but  I  lost  my  temper 
then  and  told  him  off.  I  told  him  coldly  and  preciselly 
why  we  must  communikate  with  each  other,  and  how  an 
altitude  like  his  is  so  harmful  to  science  and  engineering. 
But  just  as  I  was  really  getting  wond  up  I  .sate  that  he 
was  not  going  to  try  to  defend  himself,  that  he  was  really 
getting  nervious,  so  I  just  walked  out  of  his  office.  He 
didn't  say  one  word  back  to  me,  probly  because  he  knew 
I  was  right. 

Maybe  we'll  do  better  with  hiuj  next  time,  althounh 
I  hope  you  don't  ask  me  to  talk  to  him  again.  In  fact, 
up  until  I  met  this  jerk  I  thought  reporting  for  Tech- 
nograf  was  really  going  to  be  fun.  I  .still  think  I'm  tcell 
qualafied  to  do  it,  but  perhaps  I  have  to  much  of  a 
temper  to  talk  too  these  spincliss  profes.sors.  Have  you 
another  job  opening  on  the  staff  I  could  consider?— 
Something  that  doesn't  require  a  person  to  meet  the 
public?  If  you  have,  I'd  like  to  take  it;  I  don't  want  my 
exter-ordinary  temper  to  get  you  in  trouble  or  me 
thrown  out  of  school. 

Who  knows?  Next  tinie  I  might  get  aroused  to  the 
l)oint  of  physacally  attacking  a  researcher— we  sure 
wouldn't  want  that  to  happen. 

Sincearely, 
Wally 


Dear  WaUtj: 

I  was  Sony  to  hear  about  your  interview  tJiaf 
went  to  awry.  People  like  the  one  you  had  the 
misfortune  to  meet  make  life  more  difficult  than  it 
should  he,  and  they  ceiiainhj  do  not  make  much 
of  a  contribution  to  improvinf!.  communications. 
But  unfortunately  one  often  has  to  work  with 
siwh  people  and  make  the  best  of  if.  This  ilhi.s- 
trates  the  sort  of  problems  Technograph  has  to 


face  in  doing  its  job. 

Please  accept  my  personal  apologies  for  getting 
you  into  this.  I  regret  invoking  you  in  a  .situation 
that  was  .so  bad  you  alnurst  lost  your  temper,  and 
I  thank  you  for  your  forehearance  and  restraint 
in  a  nasty  situation. 

Sincerehj, 
Wayne  Crouch 
Technograph  Editor 


NOVEMBER,    1963 


19 


20 


TECHNOGRAPH 


ON  THE  MOON... 


Our  world-recognized  trademark— "the  P&WA  eagle"— has  been 
identified  with  progress  in  flight  propulsion  for  almost  four  decades, 
spanning  the  evolution  of  power  from  yesterday's  reciprocating 
engines  to  today's  rockets.  Tomorrow  will  find  that  same  Pratt  & 
Whitney  Aircraft  eagle  carrying  men  and  equipment  to  the  moon  and 
to  even  more  distant  reaches  of  outer  space. 

Engineering  achievement  of  this  magnitude  is  directly  traceable  to 
our  conviction  that  basic  and  applied  research  is  essential  to  healthy 
progress.  Today's  engineers  at  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft  accept  no 
limiting  criteria.  They  are  moving  ahead  in  many  directions  to  advance 
our  programs  in  energy  conversion  for  every  environment. 

Our  progress  on  current  programs  is  exciting,  for  it  anticipates  the 
challenges  of  tomorrow.  We  are  working,  for  example,  in  such  areas 
as  advanced  gas  turbines  .  .  .  rocket  engines  .  .  .  fuel  cells  .  .  .  nuclear 
power— all  opening  up  new  avenues  of  exploration  in  every  field  of 
aerospace,  marine  and  industrial  power  application. 


The  breadth  of  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft  programs  requires  virtually  every  tech- 
nical  talent .  .  .  requires  ambitious  young  engineers  and  scientists  who  can  con- 
tribute to  our  advances  of  the  stateof  the  art.  Your  degree?  It  can  be  a  B.S.,  M.S. 
or  Ph.D.  in:  MECHANICAL  .  AERONAUTICAL  .  ELECTRICAL  .  CHEMICAL  and 
NUCLEAR  ENGINEERING  .  PHYSICS  .  CHEMISTRY  .  METALLURGY  .  CE- 
RAMICS •  MATHEMATICS  •  ENGINEERING SCIENCEor APPLIED  MECHANICS. 


Career  boundaries  with  us  can  be  further  extended  through  a  corpo- 
ration-financed Graduate  Education  Program.  For  further  information 
regarding  opportunities  at  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft,  consult  your  col- 
lege placement  officer— or— write  to  Mr.  William  L.  Stoner,  Engineering 
Department,  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft,  East  Hartford  8,  Connecticut. 


Pratt  &  Whitney  Pircraft 

CONNECTICUT  OPERATIONS     EAST  HARTFORD,  CONNECTICUT 
FLORIDA  OPERATIONS    WEST  PALM  BEACH,  FLORIDA 


SPECIALISTS  IN  POWER...  POWER  FOR  PROPULSION-POWER 
FOR  AUXILIARY  SYSTEMS.  CURRENT  UTILIZATIONS  INCLUDE 
AIRCRAFT,  MISSILES,  SPACE  VEHICLES,  MARINE  AND  IN- 
DUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS. 


NOVEMBER,    1963 


u 

ED  AIR 

P 


DIVISION  OF  UNITED  AIRCRAFT  CORP. 


An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


21 


Check  the  questions 
you  want  to  ask 


Q  "What  will  my  first  assignment  be?" 

I    I  ''How  is  my  starting  salary  determined^ 

Q  "Where  will  I  work?'* 

Q  ''Would  I  get  'lost' in  a  big  company  V 

n  "On  what  basis  are  raises  and  promotions  given?" 

I    I  "To  what  extent  would  I  be  my  own  boss?" 

n  "Could  I  'switch'  if  my  first  job  proves  unsuitable?" 

I     I  "Wliy  does  a  chemical  company  need  mechanical  engineers?" 


Allied  Chemicars  representative 
will  give  you  the  answers 

Looking  for  answers  to  questions  like  these?  Provid-      questions  you  really  want  to  ask.  All  the  questions. 


ing  the  answers  is  the  job  of  the  Alhed  Chemical 
campus  interviewer.  He  will  be  here,  on 
your  campus,  soon  —  ready  to  help  you 
get  the  facts  you  need  in  order  to  make 
a  sound  career  decision. 

If  we  may  make  a  suggestion:  Don't 
hesitate  to  ask  our  representative  the 


He'd  like  to  be  helpful— to  supply  you  with  answers 
that  will  make  your  career  choice  easier. 
Your  placement  office  can  tell  you 
when  our  representative  will  arrive— and 
supply  you  with  a  copy  of  "Your  Future  in 
Allied  Chemical."  Allied  Chemical  Corp., 
Dept.  300.    61  Broadway,  N.  Y.  6,  N.  Y. 


Ilted 
he  mica  I 


BASIC  TO  AMERICA'S  PROGRESS 

DIVISIONS- BARREn  •  FIBERS  •  GENERAL  CHEMICAL  •  INTERNATIONAL  •   NATIONAL  ANILINE  •   NITROGEN  .   PLASTICS  •  SEMET-SQLVAY  •  SOLVAY  PROCESS  •   UNION  TEXAS  PETROLEUM 

AN  EQUAL  OPPORTUNITY  EMPLOYER 


22 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Jechnocuti 


m^ 


1 1' I  in    Aoan    ^ate 

46-23-38 


.  .  .  arc  the  types  of  numbers  ]oiin  is  interested 
in.  To  her  these  figures  represent  intelligence 
quotients,  major  factors  in  her  field  of  special 
education— an  appropriate  field  since  she  is  a 
SPECIAL  type  girl.  MaitUaining  over  a  4.0 
average,  she  has  varied  interests  ranging  from 
camping  to  reading.  Activities  play  a  major  role 
in  her  college  life.  She  is  currently  un  officer  of 
her  sorority  Chi  Omega,  publicity  chairman  of 
Campus  Talent  and  Greek  Week.  She  has  worked 
as  a  manager  of  University  Theater  and  Star 
Course.  Other  titles  she  has  held  include  Miss 
Ford  County,  Runner-up  Dolphin  Queen,  Gar- 
net Ball  Queen  and  first  Runner-up  Miss  Illinois 
County  Fair.  All  in  all,  she  would  make  a  .special 
catch  for  any  engineering  student. 


NOVEMBER,    1963 


23 


J 


Assignment:  match  the  performance  of  our  finest 
automatic  drive  in  a  lighter,  less  expensive  version! 


Result:  A  new  Ford-built  3-speed 
torque  converter— ideal 
"traveling  companion"  for  our  new, 
hotter,  medium-displacement  V-8  engines 


A  completely  new  Ford  Motor  Company  3-speed 
automatic  drive  for  1964  delivers  improved 
passing  performance  . . .  smoother  acceleration 
.  .  .  better  start-ups  (up  to  35%  higher  torque 
multiplication  in  Low)  .  .  .  more  flexible  down- 
hill braking  .  .  .  quieter  operation  in  Neutral. 

With  the  introduction  of  this  lighter,  highly 
durable  and  efficient  transmission  in  1964 
Comet,  Fairlane  and  Ford  models,  our  engi- 
neers have  taken  still  another  step  toward 
putting  extra  pep  per  pound  into  Ford-built  cars. 


Simplified  gear  case  design  and  a  one-piece 
aluminum  casting  result  in  a  lighter,  more 
compact  transmission— one  that  has  fewer 
components  and  is  extremely  easy  to  maintain. 
Built  to  precision  tolerances  akin  to  those  in 
missile  production,  the  new  automatic  trans- 
mission is  truly  a  product  of  the  space  age, 
and  is  typical  of  technical  progress  at  Ford. 

Another  assignment  completed;  another  case 
of  engineering  leadership  at  Ford  providing 
fresh  ideas  for  the  American  Road. 


MOTOR     COMPANY 

The  American  Road,  Dearborn,  Michigan 

WHERE  ENGINEERING   LEADERSHIR   BRINGS  YOU   BETTER-BUILT  CARS 


24 


TECHNOGRAPH 


THE  BELL  TELEPHONE  COMPANIES 
SALUTE:  WARREN  ROSKE 


Whether  a  simple  voice  circuit  for  a  small  trunk  line,  or 
a  complex  high-speed  data  circuit  for  the  Strategic  Air 
Command.  Northwestern  Bell  Engineer  Warren  Roske  gets 
the  nod.  Warren  ( B.S.I. E..  1959i.  and  the  three  engineers 
who  work  under  him,  design  telephone  facilities  for  private 
line  customers. 

On  earlier  assignments.  Warren  engineered  communica- 
tion lines  through  the  famed  Dakota  Black  Hills,  helped  in 
the  Mechanized  Teletypewriter  cutover  in  Sioux  Falls,  S.  D., 


and  contributed  a  unique  application  of  statistics  to  a 
Plant  Engineering  study. 

But  Warren's  greatest  success  has  come  in  the  Trans- 
mission field  where,  after  only  seven  months,  he  was  pro- 
moted to  his  supervisory  engineering  position. 

Like  many  young  engineers,  Warren  is  impatient  to 
make  things  happen  for  his  company  and  himself.  There 
are  few  places  where  such  restlessness  is  more  welcomed 
or  rewarded  than  in  the  fast-growing  telephone  business. 


(MJl  BELL  TELEPHONE  COMPANIES 


NOVEMBER,    1963 


THESE  GRADUATES  THRIVE  ON  CREATIVE  CHALLENGES... THEY'RE 


SALES  ENGINEERING 

R.  J.  Hummer 

University  of  Toledo-BSEE-1961 


DEVELOPMENT  ENGINEERING 

J.  H.  Trumble 

University  of  Dayton-BSEE-1960 


PROJECT  MANAGEMENT 

R.  J.  Hayes 

Indiana  Tech-BSME-1956 


There's  a  challenging,  rewarding  fiiture  for 


C.W.  Ludvigsen,  Manager — Systems  Sales, 
tells  how  creative  graduates  contribute  to 
pioneering,   automation  developments. 


Now,  to  meet  the  pressing  challenge 
of  industrial  automation,  Cutler- 
Hammer  has  formed  a  number  of 
automation  project  teams. 

These  teams  combine  the  techni- 
cal and  manufacturing  talents  of 
versatile,  seasoned  specialists  and 
you,  creative-minded  engineering 
and  business  graduates. 

Their  primary  job:  to  make  sure 
that  a  customer's  automation  in- 
■"estment  pays  an  adequate  return. 

How  they  work 

How  do  they  meet  this  challenge? 
By  working  with  customer  engineers 
and  consultants  to  isolate  cost 
problems  in   industrial  process. 


manufacturing,  and  warehousing 
operations.  Then,  by  applying  their 
individual  talents  and  creative 
ingenuity  to  develop,  design,  build, 
and  install  practical  automation 
systems  that  will  insure  good  return 
on  investment. 

Where  they  work 

Automation  teams  work  together 
in  a  Milwaukee-based,  modern, 
500,000  square  foot  plant  specifi- 
cally designed  to  house  every 
activity  involved  in  the  evolution 
of  a  complex  system  ...  in  a  creative 
climate  that  is  conducive  to  imagi- 
native planning  and  pioneering 
development. 


What  they  have 
done  already 

This  approach  has  paid  off!  Though 
industry  has  barely  scratched  the 
surface  of  the  automation  potential, 
our  credentials  already  are  quite 
impressive. 

Profit-making  automation  sys- 
tems such  as  ...  a  bundle-handling 
system  for  30  major  newspaper  mail 
rooms  ...  a  package-handling  sys- 
tem for  a  prominent  publisher  .  .  . 
U.S.  Post  Office  mail-handling 
systems  in  14  major  cities . . .  pallet- 
handling  systems  .  .  .  more  than  a 
score  of  major  steel-mill  finishing 
lines  .  .  .  automatic  warehouse  con- 
trol systems  .  .  .  and  auto  body-line 
handling  systems  are  just  a  few 
examples  of  our  creative  planning 
and  developmental  skill  at  work. 

What  is  your  opportunity? 

What  are  the  advantages  to  you 


26 


TECHNOGRAPH 


AUTOMATION  PROBLEM  SOLVERS 


MANUFACTURING  ENGINEERING 

R.  H.  Menzel 

Michigan  Tech— BSME— 1955 


CONTROL  ENGINEERING 

L.  Gall 

University  of  Illinois— BSEE- 1960 


ANALYTICAL  ACCOUNTING 

A.  E.  Morgan 

University  of  Wisconsin  — BA— 1960 


you,too,on  a  Cutler-Hammer  automation  team 


as  a  young,  creative-minded  grad- 
uate? Short  range,  it's  an  exceptional 
opportunity— if  you  spark  to  the 
challenge  of  finding  new  solutions 
to  tough  manufacturing  problems. 
An  unusual  opportunity  to  get 
deei)ly  involved  in  problem  solving 
right  from  the  start! 

Long  range,  being  a  key  member 
of  a  Cutler-Hammer  automation 
team  is  an  excellent  way  to  get  the 
diversified  experience  so  essential 
to  continuing  career  development 
and  future  advancement.  It's  parti- 
cularly beneficial  if  you  have 
aspirations  to  move  into  manage- 
ment ranks. 

Want  to  know  more? 

Write  today  to  T.B.  Jochem,  Cutler- 
Hammer,  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin, 
for  complete  information.  And,  plan 
to  meet  with  our  representative 
when  he  visits  your  campus  soon. 


WHAT'S  NEW?  ASK. 


A  CUTLER-HAMMER  AUTO- 
MATION TEAM  helped  the 
WALL  STREET  JOU  RNAL  solve 
major  production  and  distribu- 
tion problems  of  a  national 
newspaper  by  designing  and 
building  control  systems  for 
two  new,  highly  automated 
printing  plants.  Controls  per- 
mit the  world's  fastest  presses 
to  produce  newspapers  at  the 
rate  of  70,000  per  hour. 

Cutler-Hammer  is  an  equal 
opportunity  employer. 


CUTLER-HAMMER 


NOVEMBER,    1963 


27 


Society  Page 

ENGINEERING  COUNCIL 

Many  readers  of  last  month's  "Society  Page"  seem  to 
have  mistaken  Engineering  Council  for  a  faculty  com- 
mittee. 

Generally 

Engineering  Council  is  a  student  organization  repre- 
senting the  four  thousand  engineering  students.  Next 
to  Student  Senate,  Engineering  Council  is  the  largest 
representative  student  body. 

The  purpose  of  Council  is  to  organize  the  student 
activities  of  the  College  of  Engineering.  Council  works 
to  produce  closer  cooperation  among  the  professional 
societies;  to  improve  communication  between  students 
and  faculty  members  within  the  college;  to  coordinate 
engineering  activities  with  other  groups  on  campus; 
and  to  aid  in  planning  and  execution  of  combined  pro- 
grams of  the  engineering  societies,  such  as  St.  Pat's  Ball 
and  Engineering  Open  House. 

Students  are  represented  on  Engineering  Council 
through  their  professional  societies.  Council  members 
consist  of  two  delegates  from  each  professional  society 
and  Technograph.  Chairmen  of  St.  Pat's  Ball  and  Engine- 
ering Open  House  are  also  members. 


NEVER  HEARD  OF  IT! 

Specifically 

At  the  second  meeting  of  the  year  President  Don 
Rouse  submitted  a  list  of  recommendations  for  the  re- 
organization of  council.  He  then  resigned.  Rouse  ex- 
plained that  obligations  to  another  organization 
prevented  effective  execution  of  liis  Engineering  Council 
responsibilities.  Mce  President  Bob  Seyler  advanced  to 
leadership. 

So  far  Council's  major  problem  has  been  its  inability 
to  get  individual  society  members  interested  in  Council's 
objectives.  Council's  activities  have  been  inadequately 
presented  at  societ}'  meetings  and  few  suggestions  from 
societ)'  members  have  been  brought  before  the  Council. 

As  one  specific  attempt  to  improve  society-council 
communication  and  to  generate  ideas,  President  Bob 
Seyler  established  six  standing  committees.  Approved 
at  the  third  meeting,  the  committees  are  as  follows: 
Instructor  Rating,  Open  House,  St.  Pat's  Ball,  Intra- 
mural, Public  Relations,  and  Grievance. 

Seyler  feels  that  controversial  subjects  such  as  in- 
structor evaluation  wiU  stimulate  interest  and  urge 
society'  members  to  give  questions  and  suggestions  to 
their  representatives.  Only  with  the  backing  of  the 
individual  societies  will  Council  be  effecti\e.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


ENGINEERING  OPEN  HOUSE 


No  Box  Tops  and  Nothing  to  Fill  Outf 


TECH  is  proud  to  report  Engineering  Open  House 
is  moving.  Students  and  faculty  members  are  working 
together  making  plans,  building  displays,  and  doing 
publicity  work.  Much  remains  to  be  done,  but  the  event 
is  taking  shape  and  a  different  shape  than  ever  before. 

TECH's  reporters  have  heard  numerous  rumors  about 
small-sized  conducted  tours  through  laboratories  that 
have  never  before  been  open  to  the  public  ( or  students! ) ; 
displays  that  will  be  more  engineering-oriented  than  e\'er 
before;  tours  tlirough  the  Assembly  Hall  for  visitors 
interested  in  the  engineering  aspects  of  the  structure; 
and  the  possibility  that  there  will  be  one  large  all- 
college  display  that  will  show  the  many  facets  of  the 
engineer  and  the  interrelated  phases  of  the  engineering 
profession. 

These  changes,  particularly  the  effort  to  slant  Open 
House  toward  giving  a  more  meaningful  picture  of  the 
College  and  of  engineering  as  a  profession,  looks  like  a 
healthy  move  to  members  of  TECH's  staff.  The  College's 
Open  House  and  Exhibits  Committee  has  already  met 
and  its  members  have  expressed  their  wilUngness  to 
support  the  students'  program  of  proposed  improve- 
ments. 

This  committee  which  is  chaired  by  David  O'Bryant, 
General  Engineering,  consists  of:  R.  W.  Anderson,  C.S.L.; 
F.  W.  Barton,  C.E.;  A.  C.  Bianchini,  T.A.M.;  R.  W. 
Bokenkamp,   G.E.;   P.   T.   Br\ant,   Editor  of  Eng.   Exp. 


28 


Sta.;   R.   N.   Fenzl,  Ag.E.;   J.   L.   Hudson,   Chem.E.;   All 
Kingery,  Asst.  Ed.,  Eng.  Exp.  Sta. 

L.  J.  Koester,  Phy.;  J.  L.  Loth,  Aero.;  E.  C.  McClintock, 
G.E.;  J.  P.  Neal,  E.E.;  D.  R.  Opperman,  Asst.  Dean;  D.  R. 
Reyes-Guerra,  G.E.;  T.  J.  Rowland,  Met.;  J.  W.  Seyler. 
C.E.;  W.  F.  Stoecker,  M.E.;  N.  Street,  Mining;  J.  E.  ^^il- 
liams,  E.E.;  T.  A.  ^^'illmore,  Ceramics. 

Dave  Jones,  the  student  chairman  of  Open  House  for 
1964,  is  pleased  with  the  progress  made  so  far.  Accord- 
ing to  him,  "We  have  a  considerable  number  of  talented, 
willing  people  working  now— but  we  need  more.  We 
need  students  with  ideas,  with  imagination,  and  with 
a  desire  to  help.  Everyone  I  have  talked  and  worked  with 
feels  that  Open  House  has  needed  a  change  for  a  long 
time— and  now  we  have  the  opportimity  to  change  it. 
Anyone  wishing  to  lend  a  helping  hand  should  come  to 
48  Electrical  Engineering  Building  or  call  me  at  356- 
1847." 

A  Project  Contest 

TECHNOGRAPH  finds  these  rumors  encouraging, 
and,  effective  immediately,  extends  a  helping  hand.  To 
indicate  our  appro\'al  and  support  for  the  most  consi'.- 
tent  rumor— an  improvement  in  the  qualit\'  of  displa\s 
—TECH  is  sponsoring  a  contest  with  the  full  backing 

(continued  on  page  31) 

TECHNOGRAPH 


ENGINEERS 
SCIENTISTS 


Career  mobility,  based  on  the  ability  to 
develop  in  the  direction  of  your  best 
talent  or  interests,  is  made  possible 
for  you  at  Sylvania  Electronic  Systems. 

You  will  actively  contribute  to  advanced  work 
spanning  disciplines  and  areas  such  as  earth/space 
communications;  electronic  reconnaissance,  detec- 
tion, countermeasures;  radar;  information  handling; 
aerospace;  and  complex  systems  for  military  com- 
mand and  control. 

Nineteen  interrelated  research  and  advanced  de- 
velopment laboratories  throughout  the  country,  as 


well  as  sites  around  the  world,  provide 
an  environment  permitting  planned 
growth  —  personally  and  professionally. 
Three  parallel  paths  of  advancement 
opportunity  to  progress  as  a  technical 
technical  specialist  or  program/project 
•  all  with  equal  rewards. 
Sylvania  Electronic  Systems  is  a  major  division 
of  Sylvania  Electric  Products  Inc.,  supported  by  the 
impressive  technical  and  financial  resources  of  the 
parent  company,  General  Telephone  &  Electronics 
Corporation. 


SYLVANIA  ELECTRONIC  SYSTEMS 

Go\rriiiiirnt  Systrnis  ManafSf-mcnt  V*I»'y 

J„r  GENERAL  TELEPHONE  &ELEDTRONICS^ 


For  further  information  see  your  college  placement  officer  or  write  to  Mr.  Robert  T.  Morton 

40  SYLVAN  ROAD-WALTHAM  54,  MASSACHUSETTS 

An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


NOVEMBER,    1963 


29 


starting  in  a  single  1956 
automotive  engine,  pearlitic 
IVlalleable  crankshafts  are  cur- 
rently used  in  eight  passenger  car 
engines  and  one  truck  engine.  With 
more  than  3,800,000  now  in  serv- 
ice, these  pearlitic  Malleable  iron 
castings  have  compiled  an  excel- 
lent record  for  field  reliability. 


Trunion-type  rear  axle  differential 
carriers  of  Malleable  have  been 
used  since  World  War  II  without 
any  reported  warranty  claims.  The 
carrier,  which  is  stressed  during 
assembly  when  steel  tubes  are 
forced  into  the  openings  on  either 
side,  continues  to  absorb  tremen- 
dous stresses  throughout  the  life  of 
the  car . . .  with  complete  reliability. 


7  years  of  serv- 
ice with  no  record 
of  field  failure  is  the 
enviable  achievement 
of  these  pearlitic  Malleable 
slip  yokes  and  U-joint  flanges. 
Continuously  subjected  to  varying 
speeds  and  reversing  torques, 
these  parts  amply  demonstrate 
Malleable's  capability  for  dynamic 
applications. 


Car 

Manufacturers' 

Extended 

Warranties 

Rely  on  273 

Malleable 

Casting  Designs 


Each  of  the  five  major  automobile  com- 
panies is  represented  by  these  examples. 


Not  one  service  failure  has  been 
reported  in  the  period  now  covered 
by  the  warranty  (two  years)  on 
these  pearlitic  Malleable  rocker 
arms.  Used  since  1955,  field  prob- 
lems are  termed  "insignificant"  by 
the  automotive  manufacturer. 


Two  of  the  twenty-seven  different 
Malleable  castings  warranted  by 
one  automotive  company  are  the 
transmission  band  lever  and  the 
transmission  torque  converter  hub 
shown  here.  Both  have  been  used 
in  automotive  transmissions  with 
no  warranty  claims  turned  in  to 
the  company  in  five  years. 


The  extended  warranties  now  being  given  by 
automobile  manufacturers  are  not  sales  gim- 
micks. They  are  based  on  exhaustive  statistical 
studies  that  conclusively  demonstrate  the  reli- 
ability of  each  component  involved. 
Duringa  single  model  year,  these  two  to  five  year 


warranties  will  cover  90,000,000  individual  Mal- 
leable iron  parts  of  273  different  designs.  The 
confidence  which  automotive  companies  have  in 
Malleable's  quality  is  responsible  for  the  use  of 
Malleablecastingsfor  more  and  moreapplications 
on  cars  and  trucks  .  .  .  and  throughout  industry. 


Send  for  your  free  copy  of  this  1 6-page 
"Malleable  Engineering  Data  File."  You 
will  find  it  is  an  excellent  reference  piece. 


For  further  Information  on  Malleable  castings, 
call  on  any  company  that  displays  this  symbol— 


Malleable  Founders  Society,  Union  Commerce  Building.  Cleveland  14,  Ohio  | 


30 


TECHNOGRAPK 


ENGINEERING   SOCIETIES   CALENDAR 


Future  isfiues  of  Technosiraph  trill  include  an  En<iinccrin^  Activities  Calendar 
in  place  of  the  Engineering  Societies  Calendar.  Leaders  of  each  professional 
society,  each  engineering  honorary,  and  any  other  engineering  activity  desiring 
publicity  sliould  notify  Technograph,  room  48  EEB.  A  lu^t  of  activities  should 
be  submitted  one  montti  prior  to  our  publication  date  which  is  the  twelth  of  each 
month.  B.  L. 


SOCIETY 

MEETIN6 

LOCATION 

AGENDA 

American    Ceramic 
Society  (ACS) 

Wed..  Nov.  20. 
7:30   P.M. 

mini    Union:   room 
be    announced 

to 

Mr.    Burt   Clark    of 
dustry." 

Harbisc 

n   Carbor 

undum  will   speak  on 

"Cera 

mic   Photography   In    In- 

American   Foundrymen's 
Society   (AFS) 

Wed..  Dec.  II. 
7:30  P.M. 

101    Foundry   Lab 

Not  determined. 

American   Institute  of 
Industrial    Engineers 
(AIIE) 

Student-Staff    Bowling 
Tournament:  Sunday. 
Nov.  23 

Not   determined. 

American   Institute  of 
Mechanical   Engineers 
(ASME) 

Wed..  Dec.  II. 
4:00  P.M. 

Wed..    Dec.    18, 
4:00   P.M. 
Wed..    Dec.    18. 
7:30   P.M. 
Tues..   Jan.  7. 
7:30    P.M. 

253    MEB 

253   MEB 

273   mini  Union 

273   llllni   Union 

Movies — to    be    announced. 

Movies — to   be   announced. 

Speaker,   business  meeting,   refreshments. 

Business   meeting   and   election   of  officers. 

American    Nuclear 
Society 

Tues..  Dec.  3 
7:00   P.M. 

Contact   Larry   Miller, 
2-3976 

Dr.   Walter    Lowenstein,    who    is    in    charge   of  the    physical    design    and    analysis   of   the 
$30,000,000   Experimental    Breeder  Reactor   II    currently   being    prepared   for  operation    by 
the  Argonne  National   Laboratory  will  speak.  The  public  is  invited. 

American    Society   of 
Civil  Engineers  (ASCE) 

Tues..   Dec.  3. 
7:30  P.M. 

279   mini    Union.   South 

Mr.   John   VanNort,    sales   engineer   from    Chicago   office   of   U.   S.   Steel,    will   speak   on 
"New  Steels   In    Industry."    In   addition,    he  will   show  slides   &   present   Literature   on   all 
steels  presently  available  to  commercial   buyers. 

(lllnols   Society  of 
Professional    Engineers 
(ISPE) 

Wed.,   Dec.   II, 
7:00  P.M. 

Adult   Society;   first    & 
third   Thursday  of  each 
month. 

ISI   EEB 

George   L.   Sodemann  of  Sodemann   &  Associates  will  speak   on    "Professional    Engineer's 
Liability  in  Design  Failure." 

Institute  of  Electric 
ond  Electronic  Engi- 
neers  (IEEE) 


Speaker  from   the   McDonnell   Aircraft  Corp. 


Mineral    Industries 
Society   (MIS) 


Annual  Christmas  Card        Not    definite. 
Party:  time  not  definite. 


The  group  will  attend  the  monthly  meeting  of  the  A.S.M.-A.I.M.E.  in  Chicago  with 
a  tour  of  the  Wisconsin  Steel  Corp.  scheduled  earlier  In  the  day.  The  one-day  trip 
will    include    luncheon    and    dinner. 


ioclety   of 
Engineers 


Open   House 

(continued  from  page  28) 

of  the  Engineering  Open  House  student  and  faculty 
committees  to  encourage  the  design  and  construction 
of  neu-  outstanding  exhibits  that  realh^  tell  the  story 
of  engineering.  First,  second,  and  third  place  awards 
will  be  awarded  in  each  of  the  following  three  cate- 
gories : 

1.  The  displays  that  best  represent  the  university 
research  in  a  given  area  or  field  of  engineering  at  the 
TJniversitv'  of  Illinois. 

2.  The  displays  that  best  describe  the  academic  life 
of  an  undergraduate  engineer  in  a  given  field  at  the 
University  of  Illinois. 

3.  The  displays  that  best  tell  what  the  profession  of 
engineering  is  and  how  the  engineer  relates  to  our 
:societ\-. 


All  Engineering  Open  House  displays  will  be  judged 
for  this  contest.  The  judging  committee  consists  of  W.  L. 
Everitt,  Dean;  Dave  Jones,  student  chairman  of  Open 
House;  D.  C.  O'Bryant,  chairman  of  the  College  Open 
House  and  E.xhibits  Committee;  Wayne  Crouch,  editor 
of  TECHNOGRAPH;  Paul  Bryant,  editor  for  the  Col- 
lege; Bob  Seyler,  president  of  Engineering  Council; 
Gerrv'  Welton,  display  designer  for  the  College;  Larry 
Campbell,  president  of  Tau  Beta  Pi. 

TECH  \\'ill  run  feature  stories  on  the  w'inners  after 
the\-  are  judged.  We  will  try  to  include  a  background 
on  tlie  display  and  the  students  who  worked  on  it,  as 
well  as  the  reason  for  its  winning.  We  hope  that  this 
is  just  a  start.  The  ground  work  is  being  laid,  and  we 
hope  tech's  contribution  will  add  an  additional  ele- 
ment of  incentive  and  competition.  What  happens  from 
now  on  is  what  realh"  counts.  It  shoidd  be  good!     ♦  ♦  ♦ 


■NOVEMBER,    1963 


31 


Freedom  &  Discipline 


Modern  physics  has  identified  34  elementary 
particles  of  matter — each  with  its  twin  anti-parti- 
cle. The  inevitable  two  opposing  forces  that  keep 
the  universe  in  balance. 

We  think  at  the  heart  of  most  well-run  modern 
companies  there  are  also  two  opposing  and  equally 
important  forces — freedom  and  discipline. 

Freedom  to  innovate,  to  change,  develop  and 
invent.  Plus  the  discipline  to  stick  to  the  facts,  to 
stick  to  the  problem,  to  stay  within  the  budget. 

At  Celanese  we  try  to  combine  freedom  and  dis- 
cipline to  better  serve  our  customers,  our  share- 
holders, and  our  employees. 


Perhaps  we  are  the  company  at  which  you  can 
best  pursue  your  career.  If  you  are  trained  in 
chemical  engineering,  electrical  engineering,  me- 
chanical engineering,  chemistry  or  physics,  we 
hope  you  will  stop  in  to  see  our  representative 
when  he  visits  your  campus.  Or  write  directly  to 
us,  briefly  outlining  your  background. 

Address  your  correspondence  to:  Mr.  Edmond 
J.  Corry,  Supervisor  of  College  Relations,  Celanese 
Corporation  of  America,  522  Fifth  Avenue, 
New  York  36,  New  York.  ceianeseg) 

AN  EQUAL  OPPORTUNITY  EMPLOYER 

CHEMICALS     FIBERS     POLYMERS     PLASTICS 


32 


TECHNOGRAPH 


for  product  design  and  development  at  Allison 


OPPORTUNITY 
IS  AT  ALLISON   IN 
TURBINE  ENGINE 
AOVANCEMENT 


Allison — long-famous  leader  in  the  development  and 
production  of  aircraft  engines — is  pacing  state  of  the 
art  advancement  in  the  turboprop  area. 

A  regenerative  turboprop  engine — embodying  con- 
cepts further  advanced  than  in  any  known  turboprop 
in  the  world  today — is  being  developed  for  the  U.  S. 
Navy  by  Allison  .  .  .  The  Energy  Conversion  Division 
of  General  Motors. 

Featuring  a  regenerative  cycle  which  transfers  heat 
from  exhaust  gas  to  compressor  discharge  air,  Allison's 
T78  will  extend  long-range  and  on  station  capabilities 
of  anti-submarine  warfare  through  greatly  improved 
fuel  economy  .  .  .  thus  projecting  the  usefulness  of 
turboprop  engines  well  into  the  future. 


Too,  hollow,  air-cooled  turbine  blades — under  de- 
velopment at  Allison  for  the  last  5  years — will  permit 
higher  inlet  temperatures  for  a  major  improvement  in 
engine  performance.  Greater  reliability  and  simpler 
maintenance  will  be  achieved  with  a  unique,  unitized 
propeller-reduction  gear  box. 

Perhaps  there's  a  place  for  you  in  our  long-range 
engineering  program  here  in  the  creative  environment 
at  AUison.  Talk  to  our  representative  when  he  visits 
your  campus.  Let  him  tell  you  what  it's  Like  at  Allison 
where  Energy  Conversion  Is  Our  Business. 

An  equal  opportunity  employer 


^Allison 

THE    ENERGY    CONVERSION     DIVISION     OF 
GENERAL  MOTORS.  INDIANAPOLIS,  INDIANA 


NOVEMBER,    1963 


33 


Your  life  at  Du  Pont   I    one  of  a  series  for  technical  men 


/  / 


You  never  stop  grooving  at  DuPont 


Growth  is  a  150-year  habit  with  us.  Take  sales.  Since  1937 
they've  increased  750%-to  $2.4  billion  in  1952. 

We  spend  more  than  $90  million  a  year  in  R&D.  In  fact, 
there  are  at  least  200  new  products  under  investigation  at  this 
writing  and  more  being  developed  each  day. 

What  could  Du  Font's  growth  mean  to  you?  Since  we  always 
fill  important  positions  from  within,  it  could  mean  fast  advance- 
ment, new  responsibilities,  new  horizons-growing  financial  and 
creative  satisfaction. 

It  could  mean,  too,  more  numerous  and  more  varied  oppor- 
tunities. The  new  Du  Pont  engineer  is  likely  to  move  from  his 
original  assignment  to  one  or  two  others  in  the  course  of  his 
first  five  years.  This  gives  him  a  chance  to  "change  jobs"  right 
inside  Du  Pont. 

In  1953,  more  than  700  new  B.S.  graduates  planted  their 
feet  at  Du  Pont.  Perhaps  you'd  like  to  join  us,  too.  Write  today. 


TECHNICAL  MEN  WE'LL  NEED  FROM  THE  CLASS  OF  '64 


Chemists 

Chemical  Engineers 
Mechanical  Engineers 
Electrical  Engineers 


Industrial  Engineers 
Civil  Engineers 
Physicists 
Metallurgists 


BETTER  THINGS  FOR  BETTER  LIVING  .  .  .  THROUGH  CHEMISTRY 

An  equal  opporluniiy  employer 


E.  I.  du  Pont  de  Nemours  &  Co.  (Inc.) 
2531-B  Nemours  Building 
Wilmington,  Delaware  19898 

When  I'm  graduated,  I'll  be  a_ 


(List  profession) 

Please  send  me  more  information  about  how  I  might  fit 
in  at  Du  Pont. 


Class 
Coileee 

Major 

Decree  exoected 

Mv  address 

Cifv 

Zone 

State 

34 


TECHNOGRAPh 


Graduate  School 

(confimicd  from  page  9) 

For  those  students  who  rel\-  on 
their  owii  financial  resources,  costs  for 
tuition  and  housing  will  be  between 
$1,000  and  S2,500  per  >ear. 

There  are,  then,  quite  a  number 
of  financial  aids  a\ailable.  One  thing 
to  keep  in  mind,  howe%er,  is  that  the 
deadlines  for  applications  to  many  of 
these  awards  are  as  early  as  ten  or 
eleven  months  preceding  the  time  of 
graduate  enrollment.  Complete  de- 
tails are  in  "Financial  .\id  for  Grad- 
uate Students."  a  pamphlet  which  is 
available  from  the  University-  of 
Illinois  Graduate  College.  A  number 
of  the  forms  and  applications  re- 
quired for  entr\-  into  graduate  school 
and  for  graduate  awards  are  shown 
on  page  9. 

Getting  In 

The  procedure  to  get  into  graduate 
school  is  not  terribly  complicated  if 
it  has  been  well  thought  out  in  ad- 
vance. Earl\-  in  his  senior  year  the 
undergraduate  should  start  thinking 
about  advanced  studies  and  his  area 
of  special  interest.  He  should  find 
out  which  schools  are  strong  in  his 
field  of  special  interest  and  write  to 
them  for  their  catalogs.  Such  catalogs 
are  also  pictured  on  page  9  and 
can  either  be  obtained  from  the  in- 
dividual departments  or  from  the 
graduate  college.  The  University  of 
Illinois  has  a  pamphlet  which  dis- 
cusses graduate  school  in  general,  and 
it  can  be  obtained  by  asking  the 
Graduate  College  for  'The  Road  to 
Graduate  School." 

After  deciding  on  the  school  or 
schools  to  attend,  a  letter  of  inquire- 
to  the  dean  will  produce  the  neces- 
san,-  application  forms  for  admission 
and  financial  aid.  The  applicant  must 
then  arrange  to  have  all  necessar\ 
forms  and  letters  of  recommendation 
in  by  the  time  they  are  due.  Februar>- 
first  is  a  very  popular  deadline  for 
many  assistantships  and  fellowships, 
and  the  graduate  who  fails  to  check 
in  time  ma\  be  sorn,  afterwards.  B\ 
April  the  announcement  of  financial 
awards  are  normalh-  made,  and  b\- 
May  all  other  items  such  as  tran- 
scripts and  housing  arrangements 
should  be  completed.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


U   of   I   Antennas   Play   Several 
Roles   in   the   Space   Program 

The  U.S.  .\tlantic  and  Pacific  satel- 
lite tracking  ranges  are  being 
equipped  with  special  conical  an- 
tennas in\ented  at  the  University  of 
Illinois.  These  frequency-independent 
antennas,  similar  to  those  now  used 
on  the  Transit  series  satellites  and 
planned  for  use  on  future  generations 
of  the  Ranger  moon  probes,  will  be 
employed  as  feeds  for  the  large  dishes 
of  the   tracking  ranges. 

Log  periodic  and  log  spiral  an- 
tennas, which  were  in\'ented  at  the 
U  of  I  in  1954  and  1955,  are  still 
under  development  in  the  Electrical 
Engineering  Department's  Antenna 
Laboratory.  At  the  Uni\-ersit\-  they  are 
used  in  the  line  feed  (286  log  spirals 
in  a  linear  array)  for  the  U  of  I  radio 
telescope,  which  is  being  used  to  map 
extra-galatic  radio  sources,  and  as  a 
feed  (a  paired  log  periodic  dipole  ar- 
ray) for  the  28-foot  parabohc  dish 
antenna,  which  is  used  to  monitor 
signals  reflected  from  the  moon.  Log 
spiral  antennas  are  particularly  well 
adapted  to  space  applications.  They 
can  receive  signals  over  an  e.xtremelv 
wide  band  of  frequencies  and  for  any 
arbitrar\-  orientation  of  the  input 
signal.  These  qualities  make  them 
ideal  for  use  on  satellites  and  satellite 
trackers,  where  the  direction  from 
which  the  signal  comes,  as  well  as  the 
polarity  of  the  signal,  changes  con- 
stantlv. 


FROST  ON  THE 
WINDOW? 


BIG 
DECISION 


^■M 


Lead      borote      crystals      magnified     225     times, 
shown    in    a    process    of    growth    in    glass. 


For  Engineers 
■Jo-Be... 

SHALL  IT  BE 

#9000  Castell  Wood 
Drawing  Pencil  or 
#9800SG  Locktite  Tel- 
A-Grade  Holder  and  ^^ 
#9030  Castell  Re-  y 
'ill    Drawing    Leads      ■ 


Perhaps  you  will 
choose  Castell  wood 
pencil,  because  you 
;ike  the  feel  of  wood, 
because  you  like  to 
shave  the  point  to  the 
exact   length  and 
shape   you   desire. 

Or  you  may  vote  for 
Locktite  TelA-Grade, 
the   lightweight   bal- 
anced   holder  with    its 
iong  tapered,    no-slip 
serrated    grip   that 
soothes  tired  fingers. 
And  its  ideal  team 
-nate,   Castell    Refill 
leads,    of    the    same 
grading,  undeviating 
uniformity    and    bold 
image   density  of 
Castell    wood    pencil. 

Whatever  your  choice, 
you  will  be  using 
Castell  tight-textured 
microlet-milled   lead 
that  gives  you  graphite 
saturation  that  soaks 
into    every    pore    of 
your  drawing   surface. 

Your  College  Store  car- 
ries  all   three  famous 
A.W.Faber-Castell 
drawing  products, 
backed  by  over  two 
centuries    of     pencil- 
making  experience. 
Start  your  career   by 
using  the  finest 
working  tools  money 
can  buy. 


A.W.FABER- 
CASTELL 

Pencil  Company,  Inc. 

41-47  Dickerson  Street 

Newark  3,  N.  J 


in 

II 


E 
I 

Si 
I 


if 

I 


NOVEMBER,    1963 


35 


We  go  from  A  (Aubum)  to  Y  (Vale) 

This  recent  Bethlehem  Loop  Course  class  includes  202 
graduates  of  78  colleges  and  universities.  They  are  fresh  from 
campuses  in  32  states  and  the  District  of  Columbia  .  .  .  from  Maine 
to  California,  from  Minnesota  to  Georgia. 

If  you  are  interested  in  a  career  in  the  management  of  a  diversified 
and  growing  industrial  corporation,  and  if,  in  all  modesty,  you  consider  yourself 
qualified  to  meet  the  challenge— consider  the  Bethlehem  Steel  Loop  Course. 

Most  Loopers  are  Engineers 

All  the  technical  degrees  indicated  here  are  represented  in  this  Loop  class,  and  in 
virtually  every  Loop  class.  Of  the  202  members,  154  are  engineering  graduates; 
twelve  have  non-engineering  technical  degrees;  and  36  possess  business  administration, 
liberal  arts,  or  other  non-technical   degi'ees. 

Your  career  at  Bethlehem  Steel  might  be  in  steelmaking  operations,  research, 
sales,  fabricated  steel  construction,  mining,  shipbuilding,  or  other  activities 
depending  on  your  specific  interests.  All  require  the  talents  of  college  trained  men. 

You  can  get  a  copy  of  our  booklet,  "Careers  with  Bethlehem  Steel  and  the  Loop 
Course,"  at  your  Placement  Ofi"ice,  or  by  sending  a  postcard  to  our  Personnel 
Division,  Bethlehem,  Pa. 

An  equal  opportunity  employer 

BETHLEHEM   STEEL 


■SS' 


BETHiEHEK, 
STEEL 


36 


TECHNOGRAPH 


CIRCUITS 


>really-enlarged  cose-off 
uf  SOLID  CIRCUITt  semicoi 
'tr    network    held    in    tv 


AMAZINGLY  BROAD  is  the  spectrum 
of  Professional  Opportunities  at  Tl! 


Integrated  circuits  represent  just  one  of  89 
fields'^'  of  opportunity  for  scientists  and  engi- 
neers at  Texas  Instruments,  a  multidivisional 
company  employing  professionals  with  academic 
training  in  business  administration,  ceramics, 
chemistry,  electricity,  electronics,  geology,  geo- 
physics, industrial  engineering,  mathematics, 
mechanical  engineering,  metallurgy,  and  physics. 
TI's  Semiconductor-Components  division  an- 
nounced deselopment  of  the  industry's  first 
integrated  circuits  in  late  1958  and  since  then 
has  constantly  advanced  the  state  of  the  art. 
The  multivibrator  pictured  above,  a  typical 
SOLID  CIRCUIT"  semiconductor  network,  con- 
tains the  equivalent  of  12  electronic  components 
in  one  miniaturized  element.  TI's  objective  is 
further  miniaturization  with  greater  reliability. 


Fascinating  careers  in  integrated  circuits  are 
open  to  men  of  all  degree  levels  in  fields  of 
electrical  engineering,  solid  state  physics, 
chemistry,  and  metallurgy  —  specifically  in 
areas  of  application,  circuit,  device,  process, 
and  product  development. 

INVESTIGATE  TI  OPPORTUNITIES  by 
submitting  your  resume,  or 
sending  for  "Career  Oppor- 
tunity for  the  College 
Graduate",  to  MR.  T.  H. 
Dudley,  Dept.  C-25.  Ask 
your  College  Placement  Of- 
ficer for  TI  interview  dates 


on  your  campus. 

♦Listed   at  right 
^Trademark  ot  Texas 


^^.^ 


Texas  Instruments 

INCORPORATED 

p.    O.     BOX     5474     •     DALLAS     22.    TEXAS 
An    Equal   Opportunity   Employee 


•        AIRWAYS  CONTROL 

ALLOYING 

AUTOMATION 

AVIONIC  SWITCHING 

BONDED  METALS 

CAPACITORS 

CERAMICS 

CIRCUITRY 

CLAD  METALS 

COMMUNICATIONS 

COMPONENTS 

COMPUTER  ELEMENTS  t 

PROGRAMMING 

CONTROLLED  RECTIFIERS 

CONTROLS 

CRYOGENICS 

CRYSTAL  GROWTH  i 

CHARACTERISTICS 

CYBERNETICS 

DATA  RECORDING 

DEVICE   DEVELOPMENT 

DIELECTRICS 

DIFfUSION 

DIODES 

ELASTIC  WAVE 

PROPAGATION 

ELECTROCHEMISTRY 

ELECTROLUMINESCENCE 

ELECTROMECHANICAL 

PACKAGING 

ELECTROMECHANICS 

ELECTRO-OPTICS 

ELECTRO  THERMIC5 

ELECTRON  PHYSICS 

ENERGY  CONVERSION 

ENVIRONMENTAL  & 

QUALIFICATION  TESTING 

FERROMAGNETICS 

GEODETIC  SURVEYS 

GEOMAGNETICS 

GEOPHYSICAL 

EXPLORATION 

GEOSCIENCES 

GLASS  TECHNOLOGY 

GRAVIMETRY 

INDUSTRIAL  ENGINEEKtNG 

INFKAREO  PHfNOMENA 

INSTRUMENTATION 

INTEGRATED 
aRCUITS 

INTSBCOMMUNICATIONS 

LASER   PHENOMENA 

MAGNETIC  DETECTION 

MECHANIZATION 

METALLURGY 

MFfE*  MOVEMENTS 

MICROWAVES 

MISSILE  i  ANTIMISSILE 

ELECTRONICS 

NAVIGATION  ELECTRONICS 

NUCLEAR   FUEL   ELEMENTS 

OCEANOGRAPHY 

OPERATIONS  RESEARCH  t, 

ANALYSIS 

OPTICS 

PHOTOVOLTAIC  DEVICES 

PHYSICAL  CHEMISTRY 

PHYSICS 

PIEZOEIECTRICS 

PLASMA  THEORY 

PLATING 

QUALITY  CONTROL 

QUANTUM  ELECTRONICS 

RADAR 

RARE  EARTHS 

RECONNAISSANCE 

RECTIFIERS 

REFRACTORY  MATERIALS 

RELIABILITY 

RESEARCH  &  DEVELOPMENT 

RESISTORS 

SEISMOLOGY 

SEMICONDUCTORS 

SOLAR  CELLS 

SOLID  STATE  DEVICES 

SOLID  STATE  DIFFUSION 

SONAR 

SOUND  PROPAGATION 

SPACE  ELECTRONICS 

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY 

SURVEILLANCE 

SYSTEMS 

TELEMETRY 

THERMOELECTRICITY 

THERMOSTATIC  DEVICES 

TRANSDUCERS 

TRANSISTORS 

UNDERSEA  WARFARE 


Deico  Means 

Challenge  to 

^  EdWhittaker 


■  Edward  G.  Whittaker,  III  received  his  BS 
Degree  in  Engineering  Physics  from  Colorado 
University  in  January  of  1963.  Shortly  there- 
after he  joined  the  Research  and  Advanced  De- 
velopment Group  at  Delco  as  a  Physicist. 

As  Ed  puts  it,  "Believe  me,  it's  a  real  chal- 
lenge for  a  guy  fresh  out  of  college  to  see  an 
idea  through  from  the  development  stage  to  the 
finished  product.  Here  at  Delco  in  my  work  on 
materials  for  new  semiconductor  devices  the 
creative  experiences  are  endless — and  the  at- 
mosphere seems  to  encourage  your  best  efforts." 

As  a  college  graduate,  you  too  may  find  excit- 
ing and  challenging  opportunities  in  such  pro- 
grams as  the  development  of  germanium  and 
silicon  devices,  ferrites,  solid  state  diffusion, 
creative  packaging  of  semiconductor  products, 
development  of  laboratory  equipment,  relia- 
bihty  techniques,  and  applications  and  manu- 
facturing engineering. 

If  your  interests  and  qualifications  he  in  any 
of  these  areas,  you're  invited  to  write  for  our 
brochure  detaihng  the  opportunities  to  share 
in  forging  the  future  of  electronics  with  this 
outstanding  Delco-GM  team.  Watch  for  Delco 
interview  dates  on  your  campus,  or  write  to 
Mr.  C.  D.  Longshore,  Dept.  135 A,  Delco 
Radio  Division,  General  Motors  Corporation, 
Kokomo,  Indiana. 

An  equal  opportunity  employer 


Delco  Radio  Division  of  General  Motors  Corporation 

Kokomo,  Indiana 


f 


pt 


i 


38 


TECHNOGRAPH 


OWARD    HUGHES    DOCTORAL  FELLOWSHIPS.  If  you  are 

iterested  in  studies  leading  to  a  doctoral  degree  in  engineering  or 
hysics,  you  are  invited  to  apply  for  one  of  tfie  several  new  awards 
I  1964  on  the  Howard  Hughes  Doctoral  Fellowship  Program. 

his  unique  program  offers  the  doctoral  candidate  the  optimum 
jmbination  of  high-level  study  at  an  outstanding  university  plus 
ractical  industrial  experience  at  the  Hughes  Aircraft  Company, 
ach  Howard  Hughes  Doctoral  Fellowship  usually  provides  about 
9,000  annually.  Of  this  amount  approximately  $1,800  is  for  tuition, 
lesis  and  research  expenses,  other  academic  fees  and  books,  and 
om  $2,000  to  $3,300  is  for  a  stipend.  The  remainder  is  composed 
f  salary  earned  by  the  fellow. 

oward  Hughes  Doctoral  Fellowships  are  open  to  outstanding  stu- 
ents.  A  master's  degree,  or  equivalent  graduate  work,  is  essential 
store  beginning  the  Fellowship  Program. 

UGHES  MASTERS  FE:.LOWSHIPS.  The  Hughes  Masters 
ellowship  Program  offers  u,. usual  opportunities  for  education  lead- 
ig  to  a  master's  degree  ...  and,  in  addition,  provides  each  fellow 
ith  practical  industrial  experience  at  the  Hughes  Aircraft  Company. 

ew  awards  will  be  made  in  1964  to  qualified  applicants  possessing 
baccalaureate  degree  in  engineering,  physics  or  mathematics. 

he  great  majority  of  the  award  winners  will  be  assigned  to  the 
'ORK-STUDY  PROGRAM  and  will  attend  a  university  sufficiently 
sar  a  facility  of  the  Hughes  Aircraft  Company  to  permit  them  to 
otain  practical  industrial  experience  by  working  at  the  company 
t  least  half  time.  Those  associated  with  a  Southern  California 
icility  usually  attend  the  University  of  Southern  California  or  the 
niversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles.  An  appropriate  stipend  will 
s  awarded  in  addition  to  salary  earned  and  certain  academic 
<penses  paid  by  the  company. 

small,  highly  selected  group  will  be  offered  FULL-STUDY  Fellow- 


Hughes 

Fellowship 

Programs 


ships.  These  fellowships  permit  attendance  at  an  outstanding  uni- 
versity on  a  full-time  basis  during  the  regular  academic  year  with 
a  substantial  stipend. 

After  completion  of  the  Masters  Program,  fellows  are  eligible  to 
apply  for  a  HUGHES  DOCTORAL  FELLOWSHIP. 

For  both  programs,  typical  areas  of  research  and  development  to 
which  fellows  may  be  assigned  while  working  for  Hughes  full  time 
during  the  summer,  and  where  appropriate,  part  time  during  the 
academic  year,  include:  theoretical  and  experimental  work  in  some 
basic  technology  such  as  atomic,  nuclear  and  solid-state  physics, 
chemistry  and  metallurgy— space  technology  including  stability  and 
trajectory  analysis,  thermal  analysis,  energy  conversion,  and  struc- 
tural design  and  analysis  — computer  and  reliability  technology, 
circuit  and  information  theory,  plasma  electronics,  microminiaturi- 
zation, and  human  factor  analysis  —  research,  development  and 
product-design  on  such  devices  as  parametric  amplifiers,  masers, 
lasers,  microwave  tubes,  antenna  arrays,  electron-tube  and  solid- 
state  displays,  and  components  —  design  analysis,  integration  and 
testing  of  space  and  airborne  missile  and  vehicle  systems,  infrared 
search  and  track  systems,  radar  systems,  communication  systems, 
antisubmarine  warfare  systems,  and  computer  and  data  process- 
ing systems. 

The  classified  nature  of  work  at  Hughes  makes  American  citizen- 
ship and  eligibility  for  secret  security  clearance  a  requirement. 

Closing  date  for  all  applications:  February  1,  1964.  (Early  appli- 
cation is  advisable,  and  all  supporting  references  and  transcripts 
should  be  postmarked  not  later  than  February  1,  1964.) 

How  to  apply:  To  apply  for  either  the  Howard  Hughes  Doctoral 
Fellowship  or  the  Hughes  Masters  Fellowship,  write  Dr.  C.  N. 
Warfield,  Manager,  Educational  Relations  — Corporate  Office,  Hughes 
Aircraft  Company,  Culver  City,  California. 


Creating  a  new  world  with  electronics 


HUGHES 

I  I 

I I 

HUGHES     AIRCRAFT     COMPANY 
An  equal  opportunity  employer. 


ittiWH«iiltl#l 


In  regards  to  last  month's  con- 
tributor who  was  trying  to  sell  a  sub- 
machine gun  to  the  Engineering 
Library:  keep  your  safety  on.  A  talk 
with  Mr.  Coburn,  director  of  the  li- 
brary, revealed  the  reason  for  those 
insidious  turnstiles— last  year  more 
than  two  thousand  books  were  stolen 
from  the  university's  libraries;  several 
hundred  of  them  were  from  the  en- 
gineering library.  Since  most  of  us 
are  still  tender  around  the  wallet 
from  buying  textbooks,  the  expense 
of  replacing  those  stolen  books  looms 
ominously,  even  though  the  taxpayer 
actually  foots  the  bill. 

The  worst  thing  about  the  stolen 
book  is  that  it's  gone,  but  not  for- 
gotten—oh, no— not  by  the  guy  who 
watched  that  hole  on  the  shelf  for 
five  weeks  in  order  to  read  for  his 
class  work,  and  not  by  the  librarian 
who   tried   to   track   the   book   down. 

So  they  put  in  locked  turnstiles. 
Nobody  wants  those  gadgets,  but  no- 
body wants  a  library  full  of  empty 
shelves;  and  turnstiles  are  better  than 
tommy  guns. 

Quieter,  anyway.  .  .  .  RDB 

To  the  Editor: 

The  prejudices  of  the  rhet  depart- 
ment have  become  quite  evident  again 
this  year.  Several  freshman  friends 
of  mine  have  found  their  instructors 
already  have  an  opinion  of  their 
ability. 

I  cannot  understand  how  a  group 
of  college  instructors  could  be  so 
biased.  It  is  not  logical  that  students 
of  one  college  are  naturally  poorer 
MTiters  than   students  as   a  whole. 

Something  must  be  done  to  get  the 
engineers'  rhet  grades  up  to  the  level 
of  the  rest  of  the  campuses.  Every- 
one has  heard  the  riduculous  state- 
ment that  engineers  are  poor  writers, 
and  I  think  it  has  been  accepted  to 
such  an  extent  that  it  is  hurting  the 
profession. 


But  what  really  aggravates  me  is 
to  see  my  friends  fighting  those  prej- 
udiced instructors  for  that  required 
grade.  Since  this  condition  takes  con- 
siderable time  away  from  engineer- 
ing studies,  the  College  should  do 
whatever  possible  to  eliminate  prej- 
udice in  rhetoric. 

Name    Withheld. 

To  the  Editor: 

Sadly,  I  noticed  that  the  author  of 
"The  Supernatural  Nature  of  Super- 
conductors" did  not  mention  whether 
or  not  superconductivity  could  be  ap- 
plied to  women— to  produce  zero  re- 
sistance. That  would  be  an  accom- 
plishment! 

Joe    McGinnis 

Last  month's  letter  asking  about 
the  U  of  I's  relation  with  Sanford 
on  the  eclipse  studies  will  be  an- 
swered later.  Prof.  Swenson  is  out 
of  the  country  for  a  few  weeks  and 
could  not  be  reached  for  comment. 
Ed.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 

First  co-ed:  "My  boy  friend  is  a  per- 
fect gentleman  at  all  times." 
Second   co-ed:    "Well,    I   guess   that's 
better  than  having  no  boy  friend  at 

all!" 

Brains  are  what  a  man  looks  for 
in  a  wife  after  he's  looked  over 
everything   else. 


COMPLIMENTS   OF 

PIT  STOP 

Import  Motors 

•  Alfa  Romeo 

•  Sprite 

•  M.G. 

•  Austin  Healy 

508  S.   FIRST 
CHAMPAIGN,   ILL. 


For  the  man  who  has  everything; 
a  calendar  to  remind  him  when  the 
payments  are  due. 

An  ideal  wife:  a  beautiful,  love- 
starved  deaf-mute  who  owns  a  liquor 
store. 

What  we  can't  figure  out  is,  if 
everybody  has  so  much  trouble  find- 
ing a  parking  place,  who  do  all  those  > 
parked  cars  belong  to? 


MONEY   FOR  YOU 


SELLING  TECHNOGRAPH  ADVERTISING 
TO  LOCAL  MERCHANTS 


$10.50  Commission  Per  Advertising  Page 

Contact  Art  Becker,  Business  Manager, 
344-1266  or  the  TECH  Office,  333-1568. 

w         Zp         Zp         Zp         Zp         Zp         Zp 


40 


TECHNOGRAPH 


This  kind  of  chemical  engineering 
is  not  as  easy  as  it  looks 


An  outmoded  stereotype  should  not 
scare  a  good  Ch.E.  off  from  a  highly 
satisfactory  career  in  marketing.  We 
are  proud  to  say  that  the  job  calls  for 
more  than  a  collection  of  shaggy  dog 
stories  plus  a  con\incing  manner  of 
taking  two  more  strokes  than  the 
customer  on  that  dogleg  14th  hole. 

Often  a  marketing  career  in  our 
non-photographic  operations  starts 
out  much  like  the  traditional  concept 
of  chemical  engineering,  except  that 
you  work  on  the  customers'  production 
problems  instead  of  our  own.  Then 
you  get  to  meet  a  few  live  customers 
who  come  to  see  what  you  are  up  to. 
Maybe  you  are  sent  to  a  trade  con- 
vention where  you  meet  more  than  a 
few  customers.  To  your  amazement, 
they  seem  to  regard  you  as  a  foun- 
tainhead  of  valuable  technical  infor- 


mation in  a  given  area.  To  your  further 
amazement  you  realize  it's  true— they 
do  badly  need  to  know  exactly  what 
you  are  being  paid  to  tell  them  and 
show  them.  (Willy  Loman  never  had 
it  so  good.)  By  and  by,  you  may  do  a 
tour  of  duty  in  one  of  our  field  sales 
offices,  or  even  get  into  the  advertising 
end.  As  another  course,  you  may  settle 
down  into  liaison  with  manufacturers 
of  equipment  that  needs  to  be  fed  with 
our  plastics,  fibers,  solvents,  chemical 
intermediates,  or  fine  chemicals. 

We  define  the  chemical  marketer  as 
a  chemical  engineer  who  forges  the 
most  rational  links  between  what  we 
can  most  efficiently  turn  out  and  what 
other  companies  can  most  efficiently 
use.  He  is  a  hero  of  the  chemical 
industry  today. 

As  for  the  chemical  engineer  of 


different  personality  bent  who,  early 
in  his  career,  prefers  to  put  down  roots 
in  one  of  the  three  communities  where 
we  manufacture— Rochester,  N.  Y., 
Kingsport,  Tenn.,  Longview,  Tex.— we 
need  him  too.  And  of  course,  diversi- 
fied as  we  are,  we  also  need  engineers 
of  other  than  chemical  persuasion,  to 
say  nothing  of  scholarly  chemists  and 
physicists  to  lay  down  good,  solid 
foundations  for  all  that  engineering 
and  creative  salesmanship. 

EASTMAN  KODAK  COMPANY 

Business  and  Technical  Personnel 
Department,  Rochester  4,  N.  Y. 


IS®(SaIk 


An  equal-opportunity  employer 


An  Interview 

with  G.E.'s 

J.  S.  Smith, 

Vice  President, 

Marketing  and 

Public  Relations 


Mr.  Smith  is  a  member  of  General 
Electric's  Executive  Office  and  is 
In  charge  of  Marketing  and  Public 
Relations  Services.  Activities  report- 
ing to  Mr.  Smith  include  marketing 
consultation,  sales  and  distribution, 
marketing  research,  marketing  per- 
sonnel development,  and  public  rela- 
tions as  well  as  General  Electric's 
participation  In  the  forthcoming 
Nev^  York  World's  Fair.  In  his 
career  with  the  Company,  he  has 
had  a  wide  variety  of  assignments 
in  finance,  relations,  and  marketing, 
and  was  General  Manager  of  the 
Company's  Outdoor  Lighting  De- 
partment prior  to  his  present  ap- 
pointment   in    1961. 


Fo 

r     more     informo 

ion 

on 

CO 

reer  in   Technical 

Mo 

rketi 

ig. 

wr 

te  Generol  Electri 

cCo 

mpo 

ny. 

Section     699-08,     S 

:her 

ecto 

dy. 

N 

'w  York   12305. 

COULD  YOU  OUT-THINK  A  COMPETITOR? 

Consider  a  Career 
in  Technical  Marketing 


Q.  Mr.  Smith,  I  know  engineering  plays  a  role  in  the  design  and  manufacture 
of  General  Electric  products,  but  what  place  is  there  for  an  engineer  in 
marketing? 

A.  Fur  certain  exceptionally  talented  individuals,  a  career  in  technical  market- 
ing offers  extraordinary  opportunity.  You  learn  fast  what  the  real  needs  of 
customers  are.  under  actual  industrial  conditions.  You  are  brought  face-to-face 
with  the  economic  realities  of  business.  You  participate  in  some  of  the  most 
exciting  strategic  work  in  the  world:  planning  how  to  out-engineer  and  out-sell 
competitors  for  a  major  installation. 

Q.  Sounds  exciting.  But  I've  worked  hard  for  my  technical  degree.  I'm  worried 
thai  if  I  go  into  marketing,  I  won't  use  it. 

A.  Uont  worry — youll  use  all  the  engineering  you've  learned,  and  you'll  go 
on^learning  for  the  rest  of  your  life.  In  fact,  you'll  have  to.  You  see,  the  basic 
purpose  of  business  is  to  sense  changing  customer  needs,  and  then  marshal 
resources  to  meet  them  profitably.  That  means  that  you  must  learn  to  know 
each  customer's  operations  and  needs  almost  as  well  as  he  understands  them 
himself.  And  with  competitors  trying  tlieir  best  to  outdo  you,  believe  me — 
every  l)it  of  kmiwledgi'  and  skill  you've  gut  will  be  called  into  play. 

Q.    Is  that  why  you  said  you  wanted  "exceptionally  talented  people"? 

A.  Technical  marketing  is  not  everybody's  dish  of  tea.  It  takes\great  personal 
drive  and  energy,  and  a  talent  for  managing  the  work  of  others'  in  concert  with 
your  own.  It  takes  flexibility  .  .  .  imagination  .  .  .  ingenuity  .  .  .  quick  reflexes 
.  .  .  leadership  qualities.  If  you're  nervous  with  people  or  upset  by  quick- 
changing  situations,  I  don't  think  technical  marketing's  for  you.  But  if  you  are 
excited  by  competition,  like  to  help  others  solve  technical  problems,  and  enjoy 
seeing  your  technical  work  put  to  the  test  of  real  operation — then  you  may  be 
one  of  the  ambitious  men  we're  looking  for. 

Q.    Now  what,  actually,  does  a  man  do  in  technical  marketing? 

A.  Let  me  describe  a  typical  situation  in  General  Electric.  A  field  sales 
engineer  is  in  regular  contact  with  his  customers.  Let's  say  one  of  them  makes 
an  in(]uiry,  or  the  sales  engineer  senses  that  the  time  is  right  for  a  proposition. 
With  his  field  application  engineer,  he  determines  the  basic  equipment  needed. 
Then  he  contacts  the  marketing  sales  specialist  in  the  G-E  department  that 
manufactures  that  equipment.  The  sales  specialist,  working  closely  with  his 
department's  product  engineers,  specifies  an  exact  design — realistic  in  function 
and  cost.  Then  the  sales  engineer  and  his  supporting  team  try  to  make  the 
sale,  changing  and  improving  the  proposition  as  they  get  cues  from  the  competi- 
tive situation.  If  the  sale  is  made — a  very  satisfying  moment — then  the  installa- 
tion and  service  engineers  install  the  equipment  and  are  responsible  for  its 
operation  and  repair.  With  the  exception  of  the  product  design  engineers,  4II 
these  people  are  in  technical  marketing.  Exciting  work,  all  of  it. 

Q.  In  college  we  learn  engineering  theory.  How  do  we  get  the  sales  and  busi- 
ness knowledge  you  mentioned? 

A.  At  General  Electric,  a  solid,  well  tested  program  of  educational  courses  will 
quickly  advance  both  your  engineering  knowledge  and  your  sales  capacities. 
But  perhaps  even  more  important,  you'll  be  assigned  to  work  with  some  of  the 
crack  sales  engineers  and  application  and  installation  men  in  the  world,  and 
that's  no  exaggeration.  A  man  grows  fast  when  he's  on  the  sales  firing  line.  As 
a  FORTUNE  writer  once  put  it,  the  industrial  sales  engineer  needs  "that  prime 
combination  of  technical  savvy,  tactical  agility,  and  unruffled  persuasiveness." 
Have  you  got  what  it  takes?  699-08 


Progress  Is  Our  Most  Important  Protluct 

GENERAL  AeLECTRIC 


TH 

V.T9 

ilCEMBER 


HNOGRAPH 


VOLUME  79   NUMBER  3 


25  CE^TS 


^_i-.3^«SL, 


Ti'ViEiry  flf  itiffinis 


H 


I 


/:a3jqTi  5-022 

^JBjqTI  X^'13'^90 


Why  would  a  scientist  pay  $4100  for  this  little  coil  of  wire  from  Westinghouse? 


■■■■■K.  j&  ...  /.mmrmL '■K:!.  . 

Because  it  is  leading  to  new  discoveries  in  physics,  electric  power  and  space  travel. 

coil  is  made  with  a  most  remark-      directly  from  a  stream  of  hot  pases;  build-       bulb.  But  it  has  twice  the  strengi 


The  little  coil  is  made  with  a  most  remark- 
able wire.  Cooled  to  452°F  below  zero,  it 
becomes  a  super-powerful  magnet. 

In  labs  all  over  the  country,  scientists  are 
using  the  Westinghouse  super-magnet  to 
explore  ideas  like  generating  electric  power 


directly  from  a  stream  of  hot  gases;  build- 
ing new  kinds  of  atom  smashers;  develop- 
ing power  systems  for  long-distance  space 
travel  and  communications. 

The  Westinghouse  super-magnet  oper- 
ates on  less  power  than  an  ordinary  light 


bulb.  But  it  has  twice  the  strength  of  an 
electro-magnet  weighing  20  tons  and  us- 
ing 100,000  watts  of  electricity. 

That's  why  this  little  Westinghouse  mag- 
net is  a  bargain  at  $4100. 

You  can  be  sure . . .  if  it's  Westinghouse. 


w 


For  information  on  a  career  at  Westinghouse,  an  equal  opportunity  employer, 
write  to  L.  H.  Noggle,  Westinghouse  Educational  Department,  Pittsburgh  21,  Pa. 


Assignment:  design  a  car  for  tomorrow... 
that  could  be  built  today! 


Result:  Allegro,  an  experiment  in  advanced  automotive  ideas 
that  are  practical  for  the  near  future 


Allegro  means  "brisk  and  lively,"  which  certainly 
describes  Ford  Motor  Company's  new  dream  car, 
a  handsome  tastback  coupe.  More  than  that,  Allegro 
has  unique  functional  features  that  could  be  adapted 
forfuture  production  cars.  (This  has  already  occurred 
In  the  case  of  retractable  seat  belts!) 

A  major  innovation  is  a  cantilever-arm  steering 
wheel  with  an  electronic  "memory."  The  steering 
wheel  is  mounted  on  an  arm  that  extends  from  a 
center-mounted  column.  The  wheel  swings  upward 
for  easy  exit,  returns  automatically  to  its  former 
position  at  the  touch  of  a  button.  Power  adjustment 
enables  it  to  be  moved  three  inches  fore  and  aft  and 
five  inches  vertically.  This,   plus  power-adjustable 


foot  pedals,  permits  use  of  a  fixed  seat  design  for 
low  overall  height. 

Basically  a  two-seater  in  present  form.  Allegro  has 
rear  floor  space  that  could  be  converted  to  carry 
two  additional  passengers.  The  car  could  be  powered 
by  either  a  V-4  made  by  Ford  of  Germany  or  by  the 
domestic  144-  or  170-cubic-inch  Sixes. 

Allegro  is  one  of  a  series  of  Ford-built  dream  cars 
which  will  be  shown  at  the  New  York  World's  Fair 
to  test  consumer  reaction  to  styling  and  mechani- 
cal innovations.  This  will  help  determine  which  of 
their  forward-looking  features  are  destined  for  the 
American  Road— as  further  examples  of  Ford  Motor 
Company's  leadership  in  styling  and  engineering. 


MOTOR     COMPANY 

The  American  Road,  Dearborn,  Michigan 

WHERE   ENGINEERING   LEADERSHIP   BRINGS   YOU    BETTER-BUII.T   CARS 


DECEMBER,    1963 


Editor-in-Chief 

Wayne  W.  Crouch 

Assistant  to  the  Editor 

Stuart  Unipleliy 

Editorial  Staff 

Gary  Daymon,  Director 
Rudy  Berg 
Rebecca  Bryar 
Harold  Gotschall 
Tom  Grantham 
Larry  Heyda 
Lester  Holland 
Roger  Johnson 
Cheryl  Konetshny 
Richard  Langrehr 
Jay  Lipke 
John  Litherland 
"Bill  Lueck 
Hank  Magnuski 
Thelma  McKenzie 
Mike  Quinn 
Mike  Stavey 

Production  Staff 

Scott  Weaver,  Manager 
Pat  Martin 
Del  Hartfield 

Business  Staff 

Art  Becker,  Manager 
Phil  Johnson 
Jerry  Ozane 
Roger  Van  Zele 

Circulation  Staff 

Larry  Campbell,   Manager 
Paul  Rimington 
Glenn   VanBlaricum 
Travis  Thompson 
Joe  Stocks 
John  Welch 

Photo  Staff 

Tony  Burba,  Manager 
Jim  Alex 
Dave  McClure 
Bob  Seyler 

Secretary 

Kathie  Liermann 


Advis 


Robert  Bohl 
Paul  Bryant 
Alan  Kingery 
Edwin  MeCIintock 
Dale  Greffe,  Photo 


Chairman  :  J.  Gale  Chumley 

Louisiana  Polytechnic  Institute 

Ruston.  Louisiana 

Arkansas  Engineer.  Cincinnati  Coopera- 
tive Engineer,  City  College  Vector,  Colo- 
rado Engineer,  Cornell  Engineer.  Denver 
Engineer,  Drexel  Technical  Journal  Georgia 
Tech  Engineer.  Illinois  Technograph,  Iowa 
Engineer.  Iowa  Transit,  Kansas  Engineer, 
Kansas  State  Engineer.  Kentucky  Engineer, 
Louisiana  State  University  Engineer,  Louis- 
iana Tech  Engineer,  Manhattan  Engineer, 
Marquette  Engineer.  Michigan  Teehnic, 
Minnesota  Technolog.  Missouri  Shamrock, 
Nebraska  Blueprint.  New  York  University 
Quadrangle,  North  Dakota  Engineer.  North- 
western Engineer,  Notre  Dame  Technical 
Review.  Ohio  State  Engineer.  Oklahoma 
State  Engineer.  Pittsburgh  Skyscraper, 
Purdue  Engineer.  RPI  Engineer,  Rochester 
Indicator,  SC  Engineer.  Rose  Teehnic, 
Southern  Engineer.  Sparton  Engineer, 
Texas  A  &  M  Engineer.  Washington  Engi- 
neer. WSC  Technometer,  Wayne  Engineer, 
and  Wisconsin   Engineer. 


THE  ILLINOIS 

TECHNOGRAPH 


Volume  79;  Number  3 


December,  1963 


Table  of  Contents 


ARTICLES 


U  of  I  Rocket  Research  in  the  Ionosphere.  .  .  .Richard  Langrehr  5 

The    Forgotten   Man Gary    Daymon  6 

The  llliac  and  the  Oddity Lester  Holland  10 

Where  Has  Physics  Gone? Tom  Grantham  14 

Engineering  for   People John    Litherland  17 

A  Gauge  of  Undergraduate  Research Larry  Heyda  25 

Man  Against  Machine Henry  S.  Magnuski  29 

An  Engineer's  Night  Before  Christmas 33 

Camels,  Committees,  and  Colleges Stuart  Umpleby  35 

The  Dean's  List    38 

Open  House  Contest  Rules    39 

FEATURES 

The  Good  Olde  Days Mike  Quinn  9 

Technocutie photos  by  Bob   Seyler  23 

Brickbats    and    Bouquets 40 


Cover:    Did    you    bring    the    physics     y^ 
book  I  asl<ed  for,  too? 


Photo  by  Dave  McClure 


Copyright.  1963,  by  lUini  Publishing  Co.  Published  eight  times  during  the  year 
(October.  November,  December,  January,  February,  March.  April  and  May)  by  the 
mini  Publishing  Company.  Entered  as  second  class  matter,  October  30,  1920,  at  the 
post  office  at  Urbana.  Illinois,  under  the  Act  of  March  3,  1879.  Office  48  Electrical 
Engineering  Building,  Urbana,  Illinois.  Subscriptions  $2.00  per  year.  Single  copy  25 
cents.  All  rights  reserved  by  the  Illinois  Technograph.  Publisher's  Representative — 
Littell-Murray-Barnhill,  Inc..  737  North  Michigan  Ave.,  Chicago  11,  111.,  369  Lexing- 
ton Ave..  New  York   17.  New  York. 


TECHNOGRAPF 


Lp  J-^'  ^ 


0^ 


t»ECEMBER,    1963 


Research 

Pacesetter  or  Parasite? 

In  dollars  spent  by  universities  on  research,  the  U  of  I  College  of  Engineering  is 
third  in  the  nation  following  MIT  and  Michigan.  How  does  this  twelve  million  dollar 
research  program  affect  our  undergraduate  training  when  compared  with  graduates 
of  other  less  research-conscious  universities? 

From  the  undergraduate's  viewpoint,  the  College  of  Engineering  has  spread  and 
maintained  a  cloak  of  secrecy  over  these  research  activities,  and  it  appears  campus 
research  isn't  really  a  part  of  his  undergraduate  education.  We  believe  it  should  be. 

In  fact,  three  dollars  are  spent  on  research  for  each  dollar  spent  on  our  under- 
graduate education,  and  our  dollar  volume  of  research  has  doubled  during  the  past 
four  years.  Even  so,  the  College  of  Engineering  maintains  that  educating  the  under- 
graduate is  the  number  one  purpose  of  the  College.  Could  it  be  we  are  only  the 
afterbirth  of  a  highly  profitable  research  center? 

This  issue  of  TECH,  a  research-oriented  issue,  attempts  to  answer  a  few  of  these 
questions  by  uncovering  the  cloak  of  secrecy  to  reveal  research  as  it  is  related  to  the 
undergraduate. 

The  Forgotten  Man  is,  in  effect,  an  editorial  which  unravels  and  reveals  many  of 
the  important  aspects  of  engineering  research  as  it  relates  to  the  undergraduate  in  the 
College  of  Engineering.  This  article  should  not  be  overlooked  since  it  is  the  foundation 
for  many  articles  of  this  issue. 

A  Gauge  of  Undergraduate  Research  is  a  personality  page  that  tells  how  one 
undergraduate  recognized  and  used  the  educational  and  financial  rewards  of  campus 
research,  obtaining  a  patent  in  the  process.  Engineering  for  People  illustrates  the 
Immediate  dissemination  of  campus  research  to  the  "man  on  the  street"  through  our 
various  University  engineering  extension  services.  U  of  I  Rocket  Research  in  the 
Ionosphere,  a  typical  example  of  how  research  finances  an  advanced  degree,  describes 
how  a  doctorate  candidate  got  Into  the  rocket  business. 

The  llliac  and  the  Oddity  is  a  report  on  the  advanced  level  of  computer  tech- 
nology at  the  U  of  I;  such  research  and  practical  applications  account,  in  part,  for 
the  new  computer  design  and  programming  courses  now  available.  Man  Against 
Machine,  a  humorous  play  on  words  (or  is  it  a  diagram?!),  shows  what  will  happen 
when  man's  creativity  exceeds  his  speed  of  application. 

Your  response  to  this  research-oriented  issue  will  determine  further  efforts  along 
this  direction.  May  we  hear  from  you? 


FOR  OUTSTANDING  FACILITIES,   DIVERSIFIED  AEROSPACE  SYSTEMS  .  .  .  IT'S 

Hamilton  Standard 

United  Aircraft's  Hamilton  Standard  Division  is  in  the 
midst  of  a  major  planned  expansion  program.  In  the 
heart  of  Connecticut,  our  million  and  a  half  square-foot 
plant  with  its  complex  aerospace-product  facilities  pro- 
vides top-flight  career  potential. 

ENGINE  CONTROL  LABORATORIES-ln  this  High-Temperature  Labora- 
tory, an  advanced  turbine  pump  can  drive  a  fuel  control 
in  ambient  temperatures  up  to  1,000°F.  A  60-point 
data  logger  presents  a  typewritten  display  of  product 
performance  in  terms  of  pressure,  flow,  speed  and 
temperature.  The  facility  handles  up  to  60,000  pph  of 
fuel  at  temperatures  to  500°F.  Other  fuel  control  test 
facilities  simulate  altitudes  to  80,000  feet,  refrigerate 
fuel  to  — 70°F,  control  relative  humidity  from  20%  to 
95%,  subject  hardware  to  salt  water  spray,  sand  and 
dust  conditions,  shock  loading,  and  simulated  vibration 
and  "g"  acceleration  loading. 

PROPELLER  TEST  LABORATORIES-ln  this  Vibration  Lab 
are  motors  capable  of  vibrating  full-scale  propellers 
from  20  to  500  cycles  per  second.  During  full-scale 
testing  of  advanced  design  integral  gear  box  propellers, 
a  special  data  acquisition  facility  automatically  records 
steady-state  and  transient  performance  data. 

LIFE  SUPPORT  SYSTEMS  LABORATORIES-This  new,  highly  ad- 
vanced, man-rated  space  simulator  will  help  develop 
Project  Apollo  Moon  Suit.  Chamber  is  designed  to 
attain  a  vacuum  of  1  x  lO^^torrin  lOhourswhen  empty, 
5  X  10  5  torr  in  PA  hours  with  two  astronauts  in  space 
suits.  Other  problems  under  investigation:  improved 
cryogenic  storage  systems  for  zero  "g"  applications, 
carbon  dioxide  removal  and  reduction,  two-gas  at- 
mosphere pressure  control  systems,  and  rejection  of 
metabolical  equipment  heat  via  space  radiators. 


Other  intensified  Hamilton  Standard 
programs  are  conducted  in: 

•  ground  support  equipment 

•  electronic  control  systems 

•  thrust  vector  controls 

•  air  inlet  controls 

•  electron  beam  machines 

•  physiological  monitoring  systems 


See  your  placement  officer  for  a  campus  interview,  or  write: 
SUPERVISOR  COLLEGE  RELATIONS 


Hamilton 
Standard 


United 
Rircraft 


WINDSOR  LOCKS,  CONNECTICUT 

an  equal  opportunity  employer 


TECHNOGRAPHI 


U  of  I  ROCKET  RESEARCH 
in  the  Ionosphere 

by  Richard  Langrehr,  ME  '66 


Richard     Hodges,     program     super 
tests  on  the  rocket's  instrumentation. 


Mail}-  years  ago,  people  \ie\ved  the 
ionosphere  with  m\stery  and  awe.  Sci- 
entists knew  \ery  httle  about  it,  and, 
indeed,  showed  little  interest  in  in- 
vestigating it.  But  back  then,  of 
course,  the  ionosphere  did  not  play 
an  intricate  part  in  everyone's  life; 
today  the  ionosphere  aflFects  every 
single  person.  Scientists  are  now  on 
an  accelerated  program  to  investigate 
it,  and  engineers  are  seeking  new 
ways  to  use  it  to  provide  instant  global 
communication,  improved  long-range 


weather  forecasting,  and  many  other 
related  benefits. 

Although  there  is  no  direct  corre- 
lation between  these  uses  and  a  recent 
series  of  rocket  experiments  by  tlic 
U  of  I,  the  Air  Force  Cambridge  Re- 
search Laboratory,  in  1959,  awarded 
a  $250,000  contract  to  the  Electrical 
Engineering  Department  at  the  U  of  I 
for  the  purpose  of  conducting  a  series 
of  ionospheric  rocket  experiments. 
These  experiments  were  to  demon- 
strate the  possibility  of  controlling 
ionospheric  processes  through  the  ap- 
plication of  radio  energy  and  to  deter- 
mine the  magnitude  of  the  eflPects 
produced,  to  relate  these  eflFects  to 
properties  of  the  ionosphere,  and  to 
e\entually  devise  new  ways  of  prob- 
ing the  ionosphere. 

Supervision  of  the  program  was 
given  to  R.  Richard  Hodges,  Jr. 
Hodges  himself  obtained  both  his 
Bachelor's  (1955)  and  Master's  (1957) 
degrees  from  the  U  of  I  and  is  cur- 
rently studying  for  his  Doctor's  De- 
gree in  Electrical  Engineering.  Hodges 
began  work  on  the  rocket  program  in 
1960  upon  his  return  from  Collins 
Radio  and  in  October,  1961,  became 
project  supervisor. 

The  basic  experimental  procedure 
in\olved  in  Hodges'  project  consists 
in  the  radiation  of  energy  pulses  at 
the  electron  gyrofrequency  from  a 
transmitter  onboard  a  rocket.  The 
gyrofrequency  is  that  frequency  at 
whicli  maximimi  encrg\'  can  be  gi\en 


to  the  electrons  of  a  certain  volume 
of  space.  These  periodic  pulses  in- 
crease the  energy  of  electrons  near 
the  rocket.  Increasing  the  electron 
energy  increases  the  electron-molecule 
collision  frequency,  thus  causing  dis- 
turbance in  the  ionosphere.  The  mag- 
nitudes of  these  disturbances  and 
their  decay  rates  are  detected  by  a 
measurement  of  cross  modulation  pro- 
duced on  a  carrier  wave  which  travels 
up  from  the  ground,  through  the  dis- 
turbed region,  and  is  detected  at  the 
rocket.  The  results  of  these  measure- 
ments can  be  related  to  ionospheric 
properties  and  a  quantitative  picture 
of  cross  modulation  in  the  ionosphere 
can  be  obtained. 

To  date,  two  highly  instrumented 
Aerobee  rockets  have  been  laimched 
from  Eglin  Air  Force  Base,  Florida. 
Both  flights  were  largely  successful, 
despite  the  fact  that  on  the  first  launch 
a  failure  in  a  small  motor  caused  pre- 
mature termination  of  several  of  the 
experiments. 

After  the  flights  were  over,  Richard 
Hodges  stated  that  he  was  certain 
these  experiments  would  make  easier 
man's  eftorts  to  harness  the  ionosphere 
for  the  benefit  of  all  mankind.      ♦  ♦  ♦ 


One   of   the   two   Aerobee   rockets   that   were   fully   instrumented   by   U   of 
personnel. 


The  engineer  studying  for  his 
bachelor's  degree  at  the  U  of  I  is  said 
by  the  administration  to  be  the  Col- 
lege's number  one  product.  At  the 
same  time  the  College  is  spending 
three  times  more  money  on  research 
than  it  is  on  education.  So  are  we  or 
is  research  really  the  major  product  of 
the  College? 


A    Closer   Look 

Updating  Professors.  According  to 
the  administration,  before  a  faculty 
member  can  teach  effectively  he  must 
be  an  example  of  learning  himself;  he 
must  be  able  to  work  with  and  gener- 
ate new  ideas— to  keep  up  to  date. 
Updating  has  become  increasingly 
important    since    no    other    field    is 


changing  more  rapidly  than  engi- 
neering. In  fact,  the  total  fund  of  en- 
gineering knowledge  is  expected  to 
double  during  the  four  to  seven  years 
it  takes  us  to  obtain  a  bachelor's  or 
advanced  degree.  Research's  updating 
function,  so  the  argument  goes,  is  the 
main  reason  why  teaching  and  uni- 
versity research  are  integrated  at  the 
U  of  I. 

TECHNOGRAPH 


Hesearcli  is  also  intended  to  en- 
tourage industry  to  team  up  with  our 
atlxanced  University  research  pro- 
Uiams  in  industry's  area  of  interest. 
Si  all  teamwork,  created  by  research 
and  its  by-product  consulting,  can  be 
\aluable  for  the  College  of  Engineer- 
ing; by  creating  a  cross-fertilization  of 
ideas  with  industry,  by  giving  faculty 
numbers  a  view  of  the  latest  appli- 
cations and  needs  of  industry,  and  by 
(licreasing  the  time  lag  between  in- 
dustrial discoveries  and  classroom 
instructions. 

As  undergraduates,  we  can  appreci- 
ate the  faculty's  problem  and  updating 
itforts.  But  what  benefit  is  research 
to  the  undergraduate  if  faculty  mem- 
lieis  are  too  busy  ujxlating  themselves 
t(i  update  their  1958  classroom  notes 
for  our  dail\-  lectures? 

Tlie  problem  here,  of  course,  is  that 
present  administrative  policies  reward 
good  research  more  clearly  and 
promptly  than  good  teaching.  Many 
individual  faculty  members  have  no 
incenti\'e  to  be  good  teachers  and, 
therefore,  are  not  interested  in  the 
undergraduate.  Like  all  human  beings, 
facidty  members  are  interested  in 
furthering  their  own  careers. 

The  results  of  such  an  administra- 
tive policy  are  at  times  most  obvious 
and  discouraging  to  the  undergradu- 
ate. For  example,  one  engineering  de- 
partment at  the  U  of  I  has  t\vo  faculty 
members  per  undergraduate  student, 
yet  this  writer  recently  took  an  hour 
exam  which  was  almost  identical  to 
one  given  several  semesters  ago— the 
instructors  were  too  engrossed  in  their 
research  projects  to  write  an  exam 
which  was  not  on  file  in  every  frater- 
nity on  campus.  In  addition,  five 
weeks  elapsed  before  the  exam  was 
graded   and   returned. 

Research  is  supposed  to  decrease 
the  time  bet\veen  discovery  and  the 
.classroom,  but  old  hour  exams  and 
outdated  lecture  notes  seem  to  indi- 
icate  the  opposite.  In  fact,  standing 
ptill  and  failing  to  update  our  daily 

instruction  is,  in  reality,  moving  our 
nstruction  backward.  Campus  rc- 
jearch  is  surely  not  this  important 
and  the  undergraduate's  education 
this  unimportant  to  the  College  of 
Engineerina.- 


.\ttracting  a  Top  Faculty.  Theoreti- 
calh',  each  research  program  at  the  U 
of  I  is  determined  primarily  by  the 
interests  and  activities  of  the  facultv. 
Many  industries,  for  example,  depend 
for  their  existence  on  comparatively 
short  range  returns  on  their  invest- 
ment; therefore,  their  teaching  and 
research  functions  are  directed  pri- 
marily toward  short-range  goals.  Top 
engineers  and  educators  who  concern 
themselves  with  long-range  research 
naturally  seek  an  atmosphere  of 
greater  freedom  such  as  that  promised 
at  the  U  of  I. 

This  freedom  of  selection  has  no 
doubt  been  partly  responsible  for 
an  engineering  college  recognized 
throughout  the  world  as  the  leader  in 
many  areas  such  as  solid  state  physics, 
advanced  electronics,  and  structin-es. 
Understandably,  the  College  of  Engi- 
neering could  not  hire  and  retain  the 
top  minds  in  the  country  without 
promising  them  an  atmosphere  con- 
ducive to  professional  excellence  in 
their  field. 

The  shortcoming  here,  of  course,  is 
that  these  "top  faculty"  are  tops  in 
research,  and  little  is  said  about  their 
ability  or  interest  in  teaching.  In  fact, 
a  recent  study  by  Brookings  Institute 
of  3,000  faculty  in  small  and  large 
colleges  and  universities  showed  that 
no  matter  how  little  time  faculty  at 
every  rank  devoted  to  undergraduate 
teaching,  all  wished  to  reduce  it  still 
further.  Again,  could  it  be  reseach  is 
attracting  and  updating  researchers 
rather  than  teachers  primarily  inter- 
ested in  education? 


Supporting    a    Graduate    Program. 

The  average  graduate  student  educa- 
tion costs  an  estimated  three  to  four 
times  as  much  as  the  average  under- 
graduate education.  \A'ithout  the 
financial  support  of  research  a  strong 
graduate  program  could  not  exist. 

Modern  facilities,  for  example,  arc 
financed  almost  entirely  by  research 
contracts;  thesis  research  for  advanced 
degrees  requires  expensive  tools  for 
its  very  existence  (see  U  of  I  Rocket 
Research  in  the  Ionosphere,  page  5). 
The  day  of  the  scientist-philosopher, 
who  thought  he  needed  nothing  but 
his  sense  of  logic,  is  long  past.  Like- 
wise, research  provides  suitable  thesis 


topics  and  requires  the  advanced  fac- 
ulty necessary  to  supervise  instruction 
—a  first-class  faculty  from  which  the 
undergraduate  should  also  benefit. 

Undergraduates,  whether  they 
plan  to  attend  graduate  school  or  not, 
can  certainly  appreciate  this  assist- 
ance, but  how  "educational"  is  it? 
Let's  look  at  percentages.  In  a  speech 
in  Chicago  on  November  12,  Walter 
H.  Koltun  of  the  National  Science 
Foundation  said  that  "perhaps  30-40 
percent  of  research  at  colleges  and 
universities  proper  is  not  related  to 
graduate  education."  If  that's  the  pic- 
ture for  graduate  students,  how  do 
you  suppose  this  percentage  looks  for 
the  undergraduate? 

In  fact,  since  research  is  considered 
so  important  by  the  administration 
it  would  seem  that  the  teaching  of 
basic  research  techniques  should  be 
a  part  of  our  undergraduate  cur- 
riculum. Dr.  Jack  X.  Irion,  a  research 
participant  at  Newmark  College  of 
Engineering,  said,  "Undergraduate  re- 
search is  important,  not  so  much  for 
its  contribution  to  man's  knowledge, 
but  rather  for  its  developmental  as- 
pects in  terms  of  reflection,  inspection, 
analysis  and  refinement  of  methodol- 
ogy. Young  minds  need  challenge  and 
inspiration  to  mature.  .  .  .  Often  our 
courses  of  study  are  a  dull  accumu- 
lation of  facts,  rather  than  facts  avail- 
able for  use  in  tliinking.  Such  courses 
fail  to  show  our  students  that  engi- 
neering is  a  living  process,  an  ac- 
tive force— something  which  research 
never  fails  to  reveal,  and  often  in 
dramatic  and  impressive  ways." 

If  students  were  properly  moti- 
vated, existing  departmental  special 
problems  courses  could  be  used,  in 
part,  for  undergraduate  participation 
in  research.  Unfortunately,  however, 
no  overt  effort  has  been  made  by  the 
college  to  inform  students  of  the  re- 
search activities  under  way,  the  op- 
portunities available,  or  the  directors 
in  charge. 

Financing  Research.  One  of  the 
College  administration's  justifications 
for  campus  researcli  is  that  it  is  "free" 
—free  in  the  sense  that  most  research 
is  financed  by  the  Federal  government 
rather  than  the  State  of  Illinois.  Last 
year,  for  example,  of  $12,262,000  the 
(Continued  on  page  22) 


DECEMBER,    1963 


In  just  a  few  short  months,  those 
new  graduates  spanned  the  dis- 
tance from  the  classroom  to  the 
space  age.  They  joined  with  their 
experienced  colleagues  in  tack- 
ling a  variety  of  tough  assign- 
ments.On  July  20th,  1963,  their 
product  went  off  with  a  roar  that 
lasted  two  solid  minutes,  provid- 
ing more  than  1 ,000,000  pounds 
of  thrust  on  the  test  stand.  This 
was  part  of  the  USAF  Titan  NIC 
first   stage,  for  which    United 
Technology  Center  is  the  con- 
tractor. Two  of  these   rockets 
will  provide  over  80%  of  all  the 
thrust  developed  by  the  vehicle. 
Some  of  you  now  reading  this 
page  may  soon  be  a  part  of  that 
program... or  a  part  of  other  sig- 
nificant, long-range  programs. 
■  UTC  now  offers  career  oppor- 
tunities for  promising  graduates 
at  the  bachelor's,  master's,  and 
doctoral  levels  in  EE,  ME,  AeroE, 
and  ChE.  Positions  are  impor- 
tant and  offer  personal  and  pro- 
fessional reward  in  the  areas  of 
systems  analysis,  instrumenta- 
tion, data  acquisition,  prelimi- 
nary design,  aerothermodynam- 
ics,  stress  analysis,  structure 
dynamics,  testing,  propellant 
development  and  processing.  ■ 
If  your  idea  of  a  career  in  the 
space  age  includes  joining  a 
young,  vital,  aggressive  com- 
pany... then  get  in  touch  with 
us  now!  If  you  want  to  work  with 
men  who  can  develop  and  build 
a  wide  variety  of  sophisticated 
propulsion  systems,  write  today 
to:  Mr.  J.  W.  Waste. 

UNITED 

TECHNOLOGY 
CENTER 


SOME  OF 
THE  MEN  WHO 
WORKED  ON  IT 
WERE  IN 
COLLEOES 
LIKE  YOURS 
IVEIUIIIGO 


ft 


ICRAFT   CORPORATION 


P.O. 

U.S.  Ci 


Box  358  ■  Dept.  E,  Sunnyvale,  California 

t.jenship  Required  -  Equal  Opcortunlty  Employe 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Back  in  '26  wc  had  a  cDiideiiser  that 
was  a  condenser,  no  pnny  little  piece 
of  junk  either.  It  belonged  to  the 
W'estinghouse  Electric  and  Manufac- 
turing Company  and  weighed  985,000 
pounds!  The  whole  thing  stood  thirty 
feet  high  and  needed  a  dozen  steel 
flatcars  to  move  it  from  plant  to  plant. 
Now  there  was  a  real  condenser.  It 
worked  too— not  like  this  little  misfit 
that  EE  gave  me.  Our  old  time  con- 
denser could  circulate  150,000,000 
gallons  of  water  a  day.  \\'hy,  would 
you  believe  that  that  so-called  con- 
denser he  gave  me  can't  even  con- 
dense enough  steam  for  one  good 
bath?  That  new-fangled  thingamajig 
just  sits  there  in  the  tub  and  rusts. 

We  were  a  lot  sharper  back  in  my 
da\\  We  had  research  then  too,  you 
know.  Look  at  what  we  were  doing 
'  back  in  1927  when  this  reprint  from 
Power  Plant  Engiiieciiuii  appeared  in 
our  January  issue. 


Recentl>',  Dr.  Karl  Mueller,  member 
of  the  sfaH  of  the  Physical  Technical 
Institute  of  Berlin,  has  succeeded  in 
producing  sheets  of  sleel  so  thin  that 
they  are  as  transparent  as  the  clearest 
glass.  The  new  method  of  making  sheets 
of  metal  of  unprecedented  thinness  seems 
likely  to  prove  of  far  reaching  industrial 
as  well  as  scientific  importance.  Test 
plates  used  to  test  the  transparency  of 
optical  glass,  which  were  ruled  with 
cross  lines  2,.'>00  to  the  square  inch,  were 
photographed  through  such  a  metal 
sheet,  and  when  enlarged  to  400  diam- 
eters, the  scale  showed  distinctly,  with 
no  trace  of  distortion.  This  absence  of 
aberration  jiroves  that  the  structure  of 
the  film  was  perfectly  even  and  uniform 
in  all  directions.  The  metal  sheets  are 
so  thin  that  atoms  will  penetrate  them 
without  impediment,  yet  so  strong  that 
when  fastened  in  a  frame  they  may  be 
bent  (by  blowing)  to  the  extent  of  1-16 
inch  without  rupture.  The  delicate  sheets 
are  made  by  depositing  an  extremely  fine 
film  of  the  steel  on  a  smooth  surface  by 
means  of  an  electric  current,  then  sep- 
arating the  film  from  the  foundation  on 
which  it  was  fixed. 

Now  young  fella,  it's  been  almost 
37  years  since  Dr.  Mueller  did  his 
experiments.  How  many  of  your 
friends  ]ia\e  e\er  hard  of  transparent 


steel?  That's  how  far  ahead  of  tho 
game  we  were. 

And  what  do  you  suppose  an  engi- 
neer earned  back  then?  (All  you 
modern  engineers  are  money  mad.) 
Well,  I'll  tell  you.  Here  is  an  excerpt 
from  our  November  1926  issue  telling 
graduates  what  a  man  could  e.xpect  to 
make  (provided  he  wasn't  a  smarty- 
pants  and  knew  something  about  how 
to  make  a  real  condenser). 

An  eastern  university  has  kept  a  record 
of  Alumni  of  its  engineering  college  and 
presents  the  following  formida  for  an 
engineer's  salary: 

$  =  1,500  +  300;/ 
Where  "y  "  is  the  number  of  years  after 
graduation. 

Say,  sonny,  when  you  graduate,  arc 
you  going  to  be  worth  the  ten  years 
of  experience  a  man  needed  to  earn 
$4,500  back  in  my  day?  ♦  ♦  ♦ 

NOTE:  Head  structural  engineer 
Bouregard  Dangerbridge  whose  com- 
ments appear  in  this  column,  has 
agreed  to  take  time  out  from  his  usual 
duties  as  chief  sidewalk  smasher  on 
the  etigineering  campus  to  write  a 
few  words  about  his  views  of  the' 
engineering  profession.  MLQ. 


ACIVIL  ENGINEERS: 

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engineering  —  get  the  facts  about  new 

DEEP-STRENGTH  (Asphalt-Base)  pavement 

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foiward"  with  Deep-Strength  Asphalt  construction  for  new 

roads  and  streets.  There  is  a  growing  need  for  engineers 

with  a  solid  background  in  the  fundamentals  of  Asphalt 

technology  and  pavement  construction  as  new  Inter- 

*&  state  and  other  superhighways  in  all  paits  of  the 

country  are  being  built  with  advanced  design 

Deep-Strength  Asphalt  pavement. 


Your  contribution — and  reward — in  om'  nation's 

vast  road-building  program  can  depend  on  your 

knowledge  of  modern  Asphalt  technology.  So 

prepare  for  your  future  now.  Write  us  today 

E  ASPHALT   INSTITUTE,  Colege  Park    Maryland 

I    THE  ASPHALT  INSTITUTE,  College  Park,  Md. 

I    Gentlemen:  Please  send  me  your  free  student    I 
library  on  Asphalt  Construction  and  Technology.    I 


DECEMBER,    1963 


THE   ILLIAC 


AND  THE   ODDITY 


Eleven  years  ago  the  University 
of  Illinois  put  llliac  I  into  operation. 
It  was  not  only  one  of  the  world's 
fastest  computers,  it  was  the  only  one 
at  that  time  owned  by  a  university. 
Today  it  has  been  taken  out  of  serv- 
ice and  replaced  by  llliac  II  (it  is  not 
really  called  "The  Oddity";  a  wag 
suggested  that  name  "so  that  everyone 
could  talk  about  the  llliac  and  the 
Oddity").  Times  do  change,  and  very 
rapidly,   in   computer  technology. 

Today  llliac  II  stands  in  the  Digital 
Computer  Laboratory  (DCL).  Con- 
struction of  the  computer,  a  solid 
state  successor  to  llliac  I,  was  be- 
gun in  1956,  and  it  now  occupies  most 
of  the  first  floor  of  DCL.  This  pro- 
digious digital  computer,  built  by 
grants  from  the  Atomic  Energy  Com- 
mission and  the  University,  has  been 
in  operation  since  September,  1962, 
but  is  not  yet  operating  at  its  ultimate 
capacity.  Work  is  presently  underway 
on  the  attachment  of  a  large  array  of 
input/output  equipment  which  the 
International  Business  Machines  Cor- 
poration has  donated  for  this  purpose. 

llliac  I,  world  famous  for  its  pio- 
neering achievements  and  a  fast  com- 


by  Lester  Holland,  EE  '66 


puter  in  its  era,  used  vacuum  tubes 
and  high-current  circuits  which  pro- 
duced a  great  amount  of  heat.  llliac 
II,  using  solid-state  devices  and  em- 
bodying   techniques    such    as    asyn- 


chronous   circuits,    is    more   reliable, 
and  although  heat  is  still  a  problem, 
the  main  heat-producing  components  . 
are  resistors  rather  than  active  com^ 
puting  components. 


W.   L.   Huffman  of  DCL   makes  an   adjustment  on   llliac   ll's   new  control   panel. 


1  FUTURE 
'   CIVIL    ENG. 
I   BUILDING 


I I 


STOUGHTON  AVE. 


.NEW  ADDITION 


FUTURE 
■     ADDITION 


DIGITAL    COMPUTER 
LABORATORY 


SPRINGFIELD       AVE. 


A  new  addition  to  the  DCL  is 
planned  for  next  fall.  Tie-in  cable 
new  Civil  Eng.  BIdg. 


completion.    A    future    addition    is 
eventually    link    tfie    DCL   witfi    the 


'OUTPUT 
DEVICES 


Block    di 
to  0  single 


igram    of    the 
data  channel. 


ADVANCED 
CONTROL 


CORE 
MEMORIES 


MAGNETIC   DRUI^ 
STORAGE 


DELAYED 
CONTROL 


ARITHMETIC 
UNIT 


lO-WORD 
MEMORY 


llliac    M.    Input    output    devices    may    be    connected 


10 


TECHNOGRAPH 


ADVANCED 
CONTROL 


Mliac  lis  T  shaped  design  is  approximately 
10  feet  high,  16  feet  long,  3  feel  thick,  and  12 
feet    wide.    It    contains    several    miles    of    wire. 

— Built   for   Speed — 

Illiac  II  represents  an  increased 
speed  of  120  times  that  of  Illiac  I.  A 
small  core  storage  was  used  to  gain 
tliis  speed  at  reasonable  cost.  Rather 
than  emphasize  the  size  of  the  core 
storage,  emphasis  was  placed  on  the 
efficient  use  of  memory  by  a  tightly- 
coded  instruction  format  as  well  as  on 
the  provision  of  a  hierarchy  of  aux- 
iliary storages,  both  fast  and  slow. 
Since  core  memory  access  is  slow 
compared  to  the  speed  of  arithmetic 
operations,  Illiac  II  utilizes  a  10-word 
fast  transistor  memory  located  ad- 
jacent to  the  arithmetic  units  (Fig.  1). 
This  temporary  memory  supplements 
core  storage  and  has  an  access  time  of 
0.2  microseconds,  about  one-tenth 
that  of  core  storage. 

Another  innovation  that  increases 
speed  is  the  physical  location  of  the 
aritlimetic  unit.  Located  in  the  stem 
of  a  "T,"  the  ends  of  the  52  arith- 
metic register  are  adjacent  to  the  con- 
trol unit  located  in  the  head  of  the  "T" 
(Fig.  2).  This  proves  advantageous 
since  many  operations,  especially 
those  that  test  for  special  number 
values,  are  conducted  in  the  ends  of 
the  registers. 

The  arithmetic  unit,  supervised  by 
a  special  arithmetic  control,  called 
Delayed  Control,  is  kept  busy  work- 
ing on  numerical  operations  and  need 
not  wait  for  the  decoding  of  machine 


Plug-in    panels    containing   thousands   of    solid    state   de 


used    in   Illiac   II. 


orders.  This  method  of  operation  is 
possible  because  a  supervisory  con- 
trol, called  Advanced  Control,  handles 
the  necessary  order  modification,  in- 
dex register  arithmetic,  and  general 
bookkeeping.  The  arithmetic  unit 
could  actually  be  considered  a  slave 
computer  to  Advanced  Control.  In 
total,  by  means  of  parallelism,  three 
controls  (Delayed  Control,  Advanced 
Control,  and  Interplay  Control,  which 


46,000  transistors 

98,000  diodes 

39,000  capacitors 

139,000  resistors 

Illiac  II  ought  to  be  fast;  it  cer- 
tainly contains  enough  parts. 


is  used  for  input/output)  operate 
simultaneously  to  allow  the  computer 
to  work  on  different  phases  of  a  prob- 
lem at  one  time. 

To  further  decrease  unnecessary 
time  delays,  it  is  possible  for  Illiac  II 
to  operate  in  a  multi-program  mode. 
In  this   condition  the   computer  will 


not  necessarily  wait  for  information 
concerning  a  particular  program  to 
arrive  from  some  input  device  but 
will  switch  operation  to  another  pro- 
gram which  is  prepared  to  run.  Thus 
the  computer  may  actually  work  on 
several  programs  "at  once"  in  a  time- 
shared  manner. 

— "Slow"    Operations — 

Regardless  of  the  internal  speed  of 
a  digital  computer,  the  data  input/ 
output  devices  are  necessarily  slow 
because  of  their  mechanical  opera- 
tion. Illiac  II  uses  Interplay  to  simul- 
taneously control  tlie  32  data 
channels  to  a  great  extent  independ- 
ent of  the  other  computer  units.  In- 
terjolay  supervises  the  transfer  of 
information  to  the  memory  from  the 
driun,  magnetic  tape,  or  paper  tape 
at  relatively  slow  speeds  while  the 
computing  units  continue  to  operate 
at  full  capicity. 

Characteristic  of  these  "slow" 
speeds  is  the  transfer  from  core  stor- 
age to  magnetic  tape  at  the  rate  of 
one  word  per  100  microseconds  or  the 
transfer  from  punched  paper  tape 
to  core  storage  at  1000  characters  per 
second.  One  of  the  32  data  channels  is 
connected  to  an  IBM  1401  computer 


DECEMBER,    1963 


111 


■l_tl|  l_!  I  I  I  J' 

3^ 


llliac    I,   built   by   the    U    of    I 
recently  retired. 

which  facihtates  card- to- tape  and 
tape-to-printed-page  operations.  It 
also  allows  llliac  II  to  "delegate" 
minor  ojierations  to  the  1401.  Inter- 
connections are  provided  so  that  the 
llliac  may  check  the  status  of  opera- 
tions done  by  the  1401. 

Under  the  control  of  Interplay,  the 
ultimate  rate  of  data  transfer  for  all 
32  channels  in  simultaneous  operation 
is  10  million  bits  per  second.  When 
in  full  operation,  llliac  II  will  have 

10  magnetic  tapes  on  four  channels, 
two  disc  storage  files  on  two  channels, 
the  IBM  1401  computer  on  a  single 
channel,  and  four  data  channels  for 
interconnection  with  ILLIAC  III,  a 
highly  sophisticated  pattern  recogni- 
tion computer  which  is  already  under 
construction  on  the  second  Hoor  of 
DCL.  With  the  IBM  1401  and  the 
four  tape  channels  listed  above,  llliac 

11  could  handle  36  additional  mag- 


1952,   and    the   first    computer    eve 


netic  tape  units  as  well  as  hundreds  of 
slower  input/output  devices. 

As  an  example  of  the  versatility  of 
llliac  II,  10,000  electric  typewriters 
could  be  connected  to  a  single  data 
channel.  One  such  innovation  already 
in  the  planning  stage  is  the  installa- 
tion of  remote  input/output  units  in 
various  departmental  offices.  If  a  trial 
installation  is  successful,  similar  units 
will  make  the  computer  available  to 
more  users. 

— Computer  Courses — 

Engineering  undergraduates  will 
soon  be  able  to  take  advantage  of 
more  comprehensive  undergraduate 
computer  courses  covering  not  only 
programming  but  also  design  and  cir- 
cuit theory.  Though  llliac  II  is  pres- 
ently not  used  in  course  work,  this 
situation  may  soon  change.  Mathe- 
matics 195,  first  oflFered  only  two  years 


ago,  is  a  very  popular  course  (except 
for  the  hour  exams!)  in  general  com- 
puter operation  and  programming 
and  presently  has  an  enrollment  of 
530  students.  At  the  sophomore  engi- 
neering level  it  gives  students  a  back- 
ground in  computing  with  the  IBM 
7094  which  may  then  be  used  to  solve 
problems  for  other  courses  or  for  re- 
search. Among  courses  now  available 
in  computer  design  are  Mathematics 
and  Electrical  Engineering  294  and 
394  and  EE  393.  A  new  set  of  digital 
computer  courses  covering  computer 
design  and  operation  is  being  devel- 
oped and  may  soon  be  available. 

One  microsecond  =  .000001 
second.  In  one  microsecond,  a 
beam  of  lighf  fravels  less  ihan 
1000  feet  (approximaiely  985 
feet)  or  about  .2  mile.  If  a  student 
works  physics  homework  problems 
5  nights  a  week,  an  hour  and  a 
half  each  night  for  three  semesters 
(Physics  106,  107,  108),  he  will 
accomplish  what  the  llliac  11  can 
do  in  less  than  2.5  minutes. 

Other  changes  may  be  expected  at 
DCL.  Present  plans  indicate  that  the 
IBM  7094  (now  in  ERL)  may  be 
moved  to  the  second  DCL  addition  so 
that  all  the  large  digital  computers 
can  be  in  one  central  location  where 
they  will  probably  be  interconnected 
(see  below).  When  fully  completed, 
the  U  of  I  facilities  at  the  Digital 
Computer  Laboratory  will  be  one  of 
the  most  advanced  centers  in  the 
nation  for  the  study  of  computer 
technologv.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


llliac  I 


TABLE  OF  COMPARISON 
IBM  7094 


llliac  II 


length  of 
binary  word 


40  bits 


36  bits 


52  bits 


(1)  W  word  transistor  memory 
.2  microsecond  access 

(2)  8,192  word  core 

2  microsecond  access 

(3)  65,536  word  rotary  drum 

8  microsecond  access 


Memory 


1024  words 

1 8  microsecond  access 


32,768  word  core 
2  microsecond  access 


Multiply  time 


700  microseconds 


6  to  18  microseconds 


6.6  microseconds 


Input   Output 


1  channel  (paper  tape  or 
printed  page) 


8  channels 

(magnetic  tape,  printed 

page,  or  punched  cards) 


32  channels  (paper  tape, 
magnetic  tape,  printed  page, 
or  punched  cards) 


Index  Registers        None 


16 


12 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Instant  portable  power...  any  time,  any  place 


In  this  battery-sparked  new  world  of  portable  convenience,  hand  tools  are  driven  by  their  own  re- 
chargeable batteries  .  .  .  toys  perform  their  tricks  by  remote  control  ...  a  hearing  aid  with  its 
button-size  power  cell  can  be  slipped  into  the  ear  .  .  .  cordless  radios  and  television  sets  are  lively 
companions  in  the  home  or  outdoors  .  .  .  missiles  and  satellites  are  guided  through  the  vastness  of 
space.  ►  Developments  like  these  have  brought  more  than  350  types  of  Eveready  batteries  into 
use  today,  73  years  after  Union  Carbide  produced  the  first  commercial  dry  cell.  Ever-longer  service 
life  with  power  to  spare  is  opening  the  way  for  portable  power  sources,  such  as  the  new  alkaline, 
nickel  cadmium,  and  silver  batteries,  to  serve  hundreds  of  new  uses.  ►  For  the  future,  along  with 
their  research  in  batteries,  the  people  of  Union  Carbide  are  working  on  new  and  unusual  power 
systems,  including  fuel  cells.  And  this  is  only  one  of  the  many  fields  in  which  they  are  meeting  ^^^ 
the  growing  needs  of  tomorrow's  world. 


A  HAND  IN  THINGS  TO  COME 


UNION 
CARBIDE 


Look  for  these  other  famous  Union  Carbide  consumer  products  — 
LiNDE  Stars,  Prestone  anti-freeze  and  car  care  products,  "6-12"  Insect  Repellent,  Dynel  textile  fibers.      ^^^^' 
Union  Carbide  Corporation,  270  Park  Ave.,  New  York,  N.  Y.  1001 7.  In  Canada :  Union  Carbide  Canada  Limited,  Toronto. 

DECEMBER,    1963 


13 


■14 


i'l  m 


ll!li 


f    t-   F 


PHYSICS 
BUILDING 


!p  n 


Where    Has    Physics 


by  Tom  Grantham,  EE  '66 


The  steep  angle  in  lecture  Hall  B 
liminates  the  need  for  "neck  stretch- 
ng" — ideally    suited    for    dozing. 


14 


TECHNOGRAPH 


"\\'here  has  physics  gone?"  was  a 
question  asked  by  many  confused 
^ Indents  this  fall.  The  Physics  Depart- 
iiunt,  which  was  housed  in  the  old 
rliNsics  Laboratory  for  the  past  half 
tciitury  mo\ed  during  the  summer  to  , 
the  University's  new  Physics  Building, 
two  blocks  further  east  on  Green 
street. 

The    New    Physics    Building 

Construction  of  the  new  multi- 
iniUion  dollar  Physics  Building  began 
III  1957  and  was  completed  this  sum- 
mer. The  new  building,  according  to 
I'rofessor  G.  M.  Almy,  associate  de- 
li,trtnient  head,  represents  a  60%  hi- 
ucase  of  the  department's  facilities 
111  eded  to  handle  the  increased  en- 
rollment in  physics  courses,  which 
has  risen  from  2147  to  3173  students 
since  1959. 

The  dominating  features  of  the 
I M  w  building  are  the  two  ultra-modern 
1.  dure  rooms,  one  seating  310  and 
tlie  other  210.  Due  to  the  semicircular 
design  of  these  two  rooms  the  lobb\^ 


Gone? 


outside  which  eventualh'  will  ser\e 
as  a  lounge  is  bounded  by  a  long 
curved  wall.  The  rooms  themselves 
are  equipped  witli  both  tire  comfort 
and  enlightenment  of  the  student  in 
mind.  For  his  comfort  the  seats  are 
plushly  upholstered  and  for  his  ease 
of  vision  they  are  on  a  steep  incline. 
For  his  enlightenment  the  rooms  are 
equipped  with  closed  circuit  tele- 
vision and  modem  lecture  demonstra- 
tion facilities. 

In  addition  to  the  two  rooms  there 
are  nine  classrooms  with  capacities 
of  25  to  100  and  twenty  laboratories 
equipped  for  general  physics  experi- 
ments. The  new  building  will  contain 
all  physics  actixities  except  nuclear 
physics.  From  the  student's  viewpoint, 
the  new  structure  represents  only  a 
longer  hike  to  class,  but  from  the 
Physics  Department's  viewpoint,  it 
represents  the  administration's  recog- 

DECEMBER,    1963 


Two  circu:^:  I^^.l:^  ioo.:;l  -^:;!i:'9  310  and  210 
in  lounge  area. 

nition  of  its  e\er-increasing  enrollment 
and  ever-increasing  importance  in  sci- 
entific research  on  this  campus. 

Meiallurgy   Moves 

The  almost-historic  old  laboratory 
is  being  dressed  up  for  a  change  of 
occupancy.  "Metallurgy  and  Mining 
Building"  is  its  new  name.  Dean 
E\eritt  of  the  College  of  Engineering 
announced,  as  a  changeover  moved 
the  department  of  Mining,  Metal- 
lurgy, and  Petroleum  Engineering 
into  the  building.  Among  the  fa- 
cilities to  be  provided  is  a  nuclear 
metallurgy  laboratory'  with  equipment 
for  experiments  involving  production, 
purification,  alloying,  heat  treatment, 
fabrication,  testing,  and  inspection  of 
uranium  and  other  metals  of  interest 
to  the  nuclear  field.  Four  electron 
microscopes  will  also  be  added,  one  of 
them  equipped  to  study  materials  at 
445  °F  below  zero. 

Pre\'ious  to  this  fall  the  mining  and 
metallurgy  department  was  scattered 
in  ten  structures,  several  of  them  old 
houses  being  used  temporarily.  Now 
all  staff  offices  and  activities  are  in  the 
Metallurgy  and  Mining  Building  and 
the  nearby  Mining  Laboratory. 

Professor  Thomas  A.  Read,  depart- 
ment head,  has  a  staff  of  41  full  and 
part-time  members.  Enrollment  in- 
cludes 120  undergraduate  and  60 
graduate    students.    Research    during 


the  past  year  in\olved  $750,000  from 
government  and  private  organizations. 

The  metallurgy  department  has  ex- 
perienced a  number  of  transitions 
since  its  inception  in  1867  as  one  of 
the  four  original  areas  of  engineering 
planned  for  the  brand  new  University 
of  Illinois.  Training  in  metallurgy  and 
mining  was  dropped  in  1893  but  rein- 
stated in  1909  on  the  urging  of  mine 
operators,  unions,  and  others  inter- 
ested in  the  field.  Upon  its  re- 
establishment  the  department  was 
situated  in  the  then  newly  completed 
Physics  Laboratory,  but  was  moved 
in  1912  to  the  Transportation  Build- 
ing and  since  1941  has  been  in  the 
Ceramics  Building  until  its  present 
mo\'e  back  to  the  Physics  Lab. 

During  the  more  than  half  a  century 
in  which  the  Physics  Deparhnent 
occupied  this  building  it  achieved 
world-wide  renown.  Among  projects 
carried  out  there  was  the  invention  by 
Professor  Donald  W.  Kerst  of  the 
betatron-type  atom  smasher.  Another 
invention  in  this  building  was  that  of 
sound-on-film  motion  pictures  by  Pro- 
fessor Joseph  T.  Tykociner  of  the 
Department  of  Electrical  Engineering. 
He  was  assigned  temporary  space  in 
the  then  Physics  Building,  and,  in 
1922,  he  presented  the  first  public 
demonstration  of  modern  sound 
movies.  The  mining  and  metallurgy 
department  hopes  to  add  to  the  tradi- 
tions of  the  proud  old  building  it  in- 
herits. 


15 


DEEP  SEA 
DIVERS 

TO 
SPACEMEN 


\.^ 


.y 


iDIVERSITY— U.  S.  Rubber  makes  33.000  products  in  1.200  lines  that  are  used  by  almost 

everybody,  from  deep  sea  divers  to  spacemen.  In  our  22  divisional  laboratories 

or  in  our  Central  Research  Center,  there  is  a  challenge  for  almost  any  technical 

;C,r  engineering  specialty. 

LEADERSHIP— Our  research  sets  the  pace  for  the  industry.  More  than  100  years  ago, 

U.  S.  Rubber  made  the  first  manufactured  vulcanized  rubber  product;  more  than 

60  years  ago,  the  first  pneumatic  automobile  tire;  more  than  40  years  ago,  the  first 

research  on  synthetic  rubber.  Today  we  contribute  our  resources  and  skills  to 

atomic  research,  to  oceanography,  to  the  latest  design  in  space  stations,  to  hundreds 

of  other  exciting  projects. 

VITALITY— U.  S.  Rubber  uses  to  the  fullest  the  professional  skills  of  its  2,000  engineers 

and  research  personnel,  encourages  individual  responsibility  in  an  atmosphere  of 

freedom.  Our  research  and  development  people,  in  the  last  five  years,  have  obtained 

457  patents,  more  than  our  two  largest  competitors  combined. 

OPPORTUNITY— U.  S.  Rubber  recognizes  the  importance  of  our  technical  staff,  knows 
that  the  answer  to  tomorrow's  problems  is  already  in  the  minds  of  its  engineers  today. 
"U.S."  rewards  individual  contributions.  Many  in  our  top  management  started  as 
engineers  or  technicians  with  the  company.  The  president  of  U.  S.  Rubber  is  a  chemical 
engineer,  several  vice  presidents  hold  engineering  or  technical  degrees. 

STABILITY— U.  S.  Rubber  is  one  of  America's  50  largest  industrial  companies,  with 
more  than  119  years  of  industrial  experience,  operating  74  plants  at  home  and  abroad. 
We  are  a  polymer  industry  with  less  than  half  our  business  in  tire  manufacturing. 
U.  S.  Rubber  is  one  of  the  nation's  largest  textile  manufacturers  and  leading  chemical 
producers.  "U.S."  provides  good  working  conditions  for  more  than  40,000 
employees  in  the  United  States,  another  30,000  abroad.  -. 

Inquire  about  a  career  with  "U.S."  Our  recruiters  will  be  visiting  your  campus  soon. 
Sign  up  for  an  interview  at  your  Placement  Office. 


United  States  Rubber 


An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


16 


1230  AVENUE  OF  THE  AMERICAS    •    NEW   YORK   20,  NY, 

TECHNOGRAPH 


ENGINEERING  FOR  PEOPLE 


Illinois  farmers  arc  untong  the  richest  in  the  world.  Two  of  the  reasons  are 
cns,ineerin<s.  and  extension. 


Most  engineering  research  at  the 
University  of  Illinois  is  of  little  im- 
mediate use  to  the  man  on  the  street. 

In  order  for  any  research  to  be- 
come truly  significant,  its  practicality' 
must  be  determined,  and  the  neces- 
sar\'  information  must  be  distributed 
to  the  persons  who  can  use  it.  Far  too 
imich  engineering  research  fails  to  ad- 

tl  vance  through  either  or  both  of  these 

I 

I  stages. 


Every  engineering  department  has 
its  own  extension  system  to  use  and 
distribute  results  of  research.  How- 
ever,  none  of  these  systems  has  the 
state-wide  scope  and  completeness  of 
organization  as  the  program  found  in 
the  Agricultural  Engineering  Depart- 
ment. Their  extension  program  is  part 
of  an  over-all  plan  in  tlie  College  of 
Agricultvire  in  cooperation  with  the 
U.S.  Department  of  Agriculture.  This 


Extensionist  Wendell  Bowers  explains   minim 
Each  will   take  the   information   back  to  the  fo 


age  demonstration   plots   to   county  to 
in   his  county. 


by  John  Litherland,  Ag.E. 


plan  was  established  as  part  of  the 
land-grant  college  system. 

One  of  the  basic  concepts  behind 
the  land-grant  system  was  to  provide 
people  throughout  tlie  state  with 
practical  information,  in  addition  to 
teaching  the  student  body.  To  accom- 
plish this  purpose,  tlie  Cooperative 
E.xtension  Service  was  organized  in 
1914. 

The  Ag.  Engineering  extension  pro- 
gram is  only  a  small  part  of  the  entire 
Extension  Service,  but  even  so,  six 
of  approximately  thirt>'-five  staff 
members  in  Ag.  Engineering  are  em- 
ployed in  full-time  extension  work. 

The  six  extensionists  work  in  all  four 
phases  of  Agricultural  Engineering; 
Power  and  Machiner}',  Electric  Power 
and  Processing,  Soil  and  Water  Con- 
servation, and  Farm  Structures.  How- 
ever, no  extension  specialist  is  limited 
to  one  phase;  each  is  familiar  with  all 
programs.  In  addition  to  distaibuting 
results  of  engineering  research  the 
specialists  are  often  called  upon  to 
help  other  extension  groups,  such  as 
those  in  agronomy,  plant  pathology, 
or  animal  science. 

Minimum  tillage,  a  recent  extension 
project  in  the  Power  and  Machinery 
pliase  of  Agricultural  Engineer,  dem- 
nnstrates  the  value  of  the  Extension 
Ser\'ice  and  the  vastness  of  the  work 
involved  in  developing  the  project. 

Minimum  tillage  refers  to  tlie  re- 
duction of  the  time  and  labor  involved 
in  preparing  a  seedbed  for  grain 
crops.  Usually,  jireparing  a  seedbed 
requires    plowing,    discing    and    har- 

(Please  turn  page) 


DECEMBER,    1963 


17 


(Continued  from  page  17) 
rowing  tlie  soil  to  produce  a  fine, 
loose  condition  for  tlie  planting  of 
the  seeds.  Research  engineers  won- 
dered if  there  was  a  faster  metliod 
to  get  the  seed  in  the  ground  \\'ithout 


ings  during  tlie  1959-62  period. 

In  1962,  the  extension  department 
produced  another  package  program 
and  a  circular  based  on  more  research 
and  evaluation.  These  items  are  being 
used  in  county  meetings  today. 


seriously  reducing  yields. 

In  1951,  research  on  the  subject 
began  at  the  U  of  I  Agricultural  En- 
gineering Research  Farm.  After  tlie 
results  showed  that  the  discing  and 
the  harrowing  operations  could  be 
eliminated  successfully,  the  extension 
staffs  joined  the  project.  The  research 
and  extension  staffs  worked  together 
until  1956,  when  the  extension 
workers  started  eight  demonstration 
plots  throughout  the  state  to  show 
farmers  that  minimum  tillage  would 
work  on  their  farms. 

From  1956-58  the  workers  prepared 
extension  materials,  assembled  data, 
showed  slides,  and  conducted  tliirty 
or  forty  county  meetings  in  an  at- 
tempt to  persuade  fanners  to  try  the 
new  method  on  their  fanns.  In  1959, 
the  extensionists  distributed  a  package 
program  consisting  of  a  movie,  slide 
set,  and  printed  information  to  about 
eighty  counties  in  Illinois.  Count}' 
farm  advisors  used  these  programs  for 
almost  two  hundred  farm  group  meet- 


18 


During  the  period  of  presentation 
to  farmers,  the  extension  specialists 
continually  evaluated  the  acceptance 
of  the  minimum  tillage  program  by 


the  farmers.  Their  job  was  to  con- 
solidate results  obtained  across  the 
state  and  make  tliem  available  to  any- 
one interested. 

Although  the  extensionists  from  the 
University  do  most  of  the  introductory 
work,  they  cannot  conduct  every 
meeting  or  visit  every  farmer.  For 
this  part  of  die  work,  tlie  extension 
service  depends  on  farm  advisors, 
home  economics  advisors  and  other 
leaders  in  the  individual  counties. 
^^'ithout  their  help  the  extension  work 
would  lose  much  of  its  effectiveness. 

Extension  work  does  not  always 
mean    the    relaying    of    information 


Research  engineers  erect  a  rigid-frame  build- 
ing for  study.  As  final  plans  are  developed, 
extensionists  will  present  to  farmers  ttie  advant- 
ages of  this  type  of  structure. 

from  the  University  to  the  farm.  This 
exchange  is  reciprocal;  farmers  are 
continuously  inventing  new  devices 
and  methods  for  making  their  tasks 
easier.  In  Uiese  cases  the  extension 
engineer's  job  is  mainly  one  of  de- 
termining the  practicality  of  the  idea 
for  the  common  farmer,  as  well  as  de- 
termining whether  or  not  it  is  useful 
in  all  situations.  If  the  idea  is  prac- 
tical, the  extensionist  turns  the  idea 
over  to  research  engineers  for  ex- 
tended study.  Later  the  information 
is  given  back  to  the  extensionist  to 
relav  to  farmers.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


I  (See  Jan.  issue  for  further  notes  on  surveying 


John  LaCost  wanted  a  part  in  scientific  progress 


He  has  it  at  Western  Electric 


John  LaCost  received  his  B.S.E.E.  from  the  University 
of  Illinois  in  1952.  One  of  the  factors  w/hich  influenced 
him  to  join  Western  Electric  was  the  quick  manner  in 
which  new  engineers  become  operational. 

During  the  short  time  John  has  been  with  us,  he 
has  worked  in  several  areas  which  are  vital  to  the 
nation's  communications  complex.  And  with  his  future 
development  in  mind,  John  attended  one  of  our  Grad- 
uate Engineer  Training  Centers  where  he  studied  the 
front-line  Electronic  Switching  System.  He  is  current- 
ly working  as  a  systems  equipment  engineer  on  such 
projects  as  crossbar  switching  and  line  link  pulsing. 

John's  future  at  Western  Electric  looks  promising 
indeed.  He  knows  he  will  be  working  with  revolutionary 
and  advanced  engineering  concepts  like  electronic 
switching,  thin  film  circuitry,  computer-controlled 


production  lines  and  microwave  systems.  He  is  also 
aware  of  the  continued  opportunity  for  advanced  study 
through  the  company-paid  Tuition  Refund  Plan,  as 
well  as  through  company  training  centers. 

How  do  you  see  your  future?  If  you  have  high  per- 
sonal standards  and  the  qualifications  we  are  looking 
for,  we  should  talk.  Opportunities  for  fast-moving 
careers  exist  now,  not  only  for  electrical,  mechanical 
and  industrial  engineers,  but  also  for  physical  science, 
liberal  arts  and  business  majors.  For  more  detailed 
information,  get  your  copy  of  the  Western  Electric 
Career  Opportunities  booklet  from  your  Placement 
Officer.  Or  write:  Western  Electric  Company,  Room 
5405,  222  Broadway,  New  York  38,  N.  Y.  And  be  sure 
to  arrange  for  a  personal  interview  when  the  Bell  Sys- 
tem recruiting  team  visits  your  campus. 


MANUFACTURING    AND    SUPPLY   UNIT  OF  THE   BELL  SYSTEM 


Western  Electric 

AN   EQUAL  OPPORTUNITY  EMPLOYER 

Principal  rnanufacturing  locations  in  13  cities    •    Operating   centers  in  many  of  these  same  cities  plus  36  others  throughout  the  U.  S.    •    Engineering  Research 
Center,  Princeton,  New  Jersey   •  Teletype  Corporation,  Skokie,  Illinois,  Little  Rock,  Arkansas    •   General  headquarters,   195  Broadway,  New  York  7,  New  York 


DECEMBER,    1963 


19 


THERE  WILL  BE  AN  EAGL 


20 


TECHNOGRAPH 


DN  THE  MOON... 


lur  world-recognized  trademark— "the  P&WA  eagle"— has  been 
jentified  with  progress  in  flight  propulsion  for  almost  four  decades, 
panning  the  evolution  of  power  from  yesterday's  reciprocating 
ngines  to  today's  rockets.  Tomorrow  will  find  that  same  Pratt  & 
/hitney  Aircraft  eagle  carrying  men  and  equipment  to  the  moon  and 
5  even  more  distant  reaches  of  outer  space. 

ngineering  achievement  of  this  magnitude  is  directly  traceable  to 
ijr  conviction  that  basic  and  applied  research  is  essential  to  healthy 
f-Qgress.  Today's  engineers  at  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft  accept  no 
[Tilting  criteria.  They  are  moving  ahead  in  many  directions  to  advance 
[jr  programs  in  energy  conversion  for  every  environment. 

ur  progress  on  current  programs  is  exciting,  for  it  anticipates  the 
lallenges  of  tomorrow.  We  are  working,  for  example,  in  such  areas 
p  advanced  gas  turbines  .  .  .  rocket  engines  .  .  .  fuel  cells  .  .  .  nuclear 
3wer— all  opening  up  new  avenues  of  exploration  in  every  field  of 
;rospace,  marine  and  industrial  power  application. 


le  breadth  of  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft  programs  requires  virtually  every  tech- 
cal  talent .  .  .  requires  ambitious  young  engineers  and  scientists  who  can  con- 
bute  toour  advances  of  the  state  of  the  art.  Your  degree?  It  can  be  a  B.S.,  M.S. 
I  Fh  D  In:  MECHANICAL  .  AERONAUTICAL  .  ELECTRICAL  .  CHEMICAL  and 
UCLEAR  ENGINEERING  •  PHYSICS  •  CHEMISTRY  »  METALLURGY  •  CE- 
AMICS  •  MATHEMATICS  •  ENGINEERING SCIENCEor APPLIED  MECHANICS. 


areer  boundaries  with  us  can  be  further  extended  through  a  corpo- 
ti  jR-financed  Graduate  Education  Program.  For  further  information 
garding  opportunities  at  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft,  consult  your  ed- 
ge placementofficer— or— write  to  Mr.  William  L.  Stoner,  Engineering 
fepartment,  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft,  East  Hartford  8,  Connecticut. 


Pratt  &  Whitney  Pircraft 

ONNECTICUT  OPERATIONS     EAST  HARTFORD,  CONNECTICUT 
lORIDA  OPERATIONS    WEST  PALM  BEACH,  FLORIDA 


SPECIALISTS  IN  POWER...  POWER  FOR  PROPULSION-POWER 
FOR  AUXILIARY  SYSTEMS.  CURRENT  UTILIZATIONS  INCLUDE 
AIRCRAFT,  MISSILES,  SPACE  VEHICLES,  MARINE  AND  IN- 
DUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS. 


u 

ED  AIF 

P 


DIVISION  OF  UNITED  AIRCRAFT  CORP. 


An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


DECEMBER,    1963 


21 


The   Forgotten   Man 

(Continued  from  page  7) 

U  of  I  College  of  Engineering  spent 
on  research,  $9,802,400  came  from 
federal  sources,  $1,716,700  came  from 
general  University  funds,  and  $743,000 
came  from  industry. 

Actually,  the  taxpayer  receives  sev- 
eral additional  rewards  for  each  tax- 
dollar  (educational  or  federal)  spent 
on  research.  Faculty  members  render 
a  service  to  our  country  while  pro- 
tecting themselves  from  obsolescence; 
their  findings  are  openly  displayed 
in  the  form  of  published  papers,  lec- 
tures, and  seminars;  and  many  devel- 
opments such  as  sound  on  movies, 
reinforced  concrete,  and  synthetic 
rubber  have  resulted  from  U  of  I 
research. 

Large  funds  are  available  to  solve 
difficult  problems,  and  government 
agencies  and  industry  need  the  tech- 
nical-scientific help  that  professors  are 
qualified  to  supply.  In  fact,  many 
times  the  financial  returns  of  research 
to  the  taxpayer  often  exceed  the  initial 
investment.  For  example,  a  govern- 
ment-sponsored highway  research 
project  at  the  U  of  I  cost  $25,000  and 
is  conservatively  estimated  to  have 
saved  more  than  20  times  that  cost 
on  a  single  six-mile  stretch  of  dual 
roadway  in  Illinois,  and  the  same 
results  have  been  used  in  further  con- 
struction. Another  research  program 
in  agricultural  engineering  is  saving 
Illinois  farmers  eight  million  dollars 
a  year  (see  Engineering  for  People, 
page  17).  No  evaluation  can  be  made 
for  the  lives  saved  by  such  projects, 
for  the  increased  national  security 
gained  through  research  for  the 
Armed  Forces,  the  Department  of 
Defense,  and  the  Atomic  Energy 
Commission,  or  for  the  medical  ad- 


vances  from   research   in   biophysics 
and  similar  areas. 

No  argument  here— this  is  fine  for 
the  taxpayer,  the  American  Consumer, 
and  the  general  public. 

Now   What? 

Obviously,  research  serves  an  im- 
portant role  in  the  College  of  Engi- 
neering. As  it  now  exists,  however, 
undergraduates  benefit  from  the 
College's  research  activities  by  in- 
direct means  only:  research  is  sup- 
posed to  attract  new  forward-looking 
faculty  members,  keep  those  already 
on  the  stafi:  up  to  date  in  their  fields, 
provide  cross-fertilization  of  ideas 
with  industry,  bring  in  modern 
facilities,  and  support  the  graduate 
program.  But  these  are  all  indirect 
and  sometimes  questionable  benefits 
for  the  undergraduate.  Wouldn't  we, 
as  undergraduate  engineering  stu- 
dents, be  better  off  if  there  were 
more  direct  advantages?  Clearly,  it 
would  be  a  direct  advantage  to  each 
undergraduate  if  he  knew  specffically 
what  is  going  on  in  the  various  pro- 
grams—what is  happening  behind 
closed  doors  labeled  "Biological  Com- 
puters," "Gaseous  Electronics  Labo- 
ratory" or  "Danger  X-Rays."  Shouldn't 
that  be  a  part  of  our  education  here? 

Evidently  the  College  administra- 
tion thinks  so.  According  to  a  1963 
administrative  publication,  "A  (uni- 
versity) research  atmosphere  helps 
keep  the  undergraduate  aware  that 
engineering  is  a  progressing,  develop- 
ing field  that  requires  continued 
learning  and  development  through- 
out the   engineer's  professional   life." 

The  administration's  statement  is  an 
attainable  ideal.  Under  present  con- 
ditions, however,  such  a  statement  is 
not  true.  The  fact  is  that  we  have  no 
real  knowledge  of  what  goes   on  in 


most  of  the  research  programs,  of 
what  their  actual  worth  really  is,  even 
to  us.  This  is  the  knowledge  we  must 
have  to  derive  a  direct  benefit  from 
them. 

Research  is  fine  as  far  as  it  goes- 
it  just  doesn't  reach  the  undergradu- 
ate in  the  proper  form.  The  time  has 
come  for  everyone— faculty  members, 
undergraduates,  and  administrators— 
to  recognize  and  strive  to  correct  the 
current  lack  of  undergraduate  under- 
standing of  research. 

An  efi^ort  should  be  made  by  pro- 
fessors to  inform  us  about  aspects  of 
their  research  that  are  related  to  our 
classroom  work  and  to  welcome  and 
encourage  undergraduate  interest  and 
questions.  Lab  directors  should  be 
invited  to  visit  classes  and  describe 
research  that  is  being  done  in  their 
laboratories.  We,  as  undergraduates, 
should  show  a  desire  to  know  by 
asking  about  research  and  insisting 
on  knowing.  Likewise,  we  should 
encoiuage  members  of  Engineering 
Council  and  the  student  societies  to 
help  all  of  us  keep  informed  through 
organized  tours  of  research  labs  and 
other  conscious  efforts. 

Technograph's  reporters  have  been 
knocking  on  many  of  these  laboratory 
doors  and  will  continue  to  tell  what 
goes  on  behind  them.  Fart  of  Techno- 
graph's new  purpose  in  life  is  to  tell 
the  full  story— a  story  each  of  us 
shoidd  be  interested  in. 

As  it  now  stands,  the  extensive  re- 
search programs  at  the  U  of  I  are 
obviously  beneficial— to  the  consumer, 
the  tax-payer,  and  the  professor.  Only 
the  undergraduate  receives  no  direct 
benefit.  He  is  not  the  "major  product" 
of  the  College— he  is  the  forgotten 
man.  ♦♦♦ 


A  fugitive  scientist  from  a  Boris 
Karloff  horror  picture  dreamed  up 
a  serum  that  would  bring  inanimate 
objects  to  life.  He  surreptitiously  tried 
it  out  on  the  statue  of  a  great  general 
in  Central  Park.  Sure  enough,  the 
statue  gave  a  quiver  and  a  moment 
later  the  general,  creaking  a  bit  in 
the  joints,  climbed  down  from  the 
pedestal.  The  scientist  was  over- 
joyed. .  .  . 


"I  have  given  you  Ufe,"  he  ex- 
ulted. "Now  tell  me.  General,  what  is 
the  first  thing  you  are  going  to  do 
with  it?" 

"That's  easy,"  rasped  the  general, 
ripping  a  gun  from  his  holster.  "I'm 
going  to  shoot  about  two  million 
pigeons!" 

Overheard  in  an  E.  E.  lab: 
"Take  hold  of  that  wire." 


"This  one?  Okay." 
"Feel  anything?" 
"Nope." 

"Then   don't   touch   the   other   one.  J 
It's  carrNang  50,000  volts."  \ 

Salesman:  "This  slide  rule  is  some- 
thing you'll  really  need.  It  will  do  half 
your  work  for  you." 

Up  and  coming  freshman  en- 
gineer: "Fine,  I'll  take  two." 


22 


TECHNOGRAPH 


llfliii    -^rlene    ^\arb 


ens 


Tech  has  decided  to  run  these  heart-warming  pic- 
tures for  those  cold  December  nights.  We  feel  fortu- 
nate to  have  such  an  attractive  model  in  Arlene 
Karhens,  an  Allen  Hall  resident. 

Arlene  is  new  on  campus  this  semester,  having 
transferred  from  Morton  junior  College  in  Cicero, 
Illinois,  where  she  was  active  as  a  cheerleader  and  as 
president  of  the  Women's  Club.  She  is  a  junior  in 
E.  E.  (exciting  engineers  .  .  .  oops,  we  mean  ele- 
mentary education,  of  course)  and  maintains  a  4  point 
scholastic  average.  Besides  her  interest  in  little  chil- 
dren, she  enjoys  sports,  sewing,  music,  painting,  and 
children  of  the  larger  variety,  namely  men. 


Costumes    compliments    of   W.    Le 


Photos    by    Bob   Seyier 
and   Blums,   Champaign 


DECEMBER,    1963 


Who  is  Olin? 

What  does  Olin  make? 

What  are  the  types  of  work  at  Olin? 

What  are  the  opportunities  at  Olin? 


Who  is  Olin?  Olin  is  a  world- 
wide company  with  39,000 
employees  developing,  pro- 
ducing and  marketing  prod- 
ucts from  seven  divisions: 
Packaging,  Squibb,  Win- 
chester-Western, Chemicals, 
International,  Metals  and 
Organics.  With  corporate 
offices  in  New  York  City,  the 
firm  operates  56  plants  in  30 
states  with  plants  and  affili- 
ates in  37  foreign  countries. 


What  does  Olin  make?  Major 
brand  names  include  Squibb, 
Winchester-Western,*  Way- 
lite,"'  Ramset,*  Roll-Bond;*' 
with  fully  integrated  product 
lines  in  industrial  and  agri- 
cultural chemicals,  medici- 
nals  and  pharmaceuticals, 
arms  and  ammunition,  brass 
and  aluminum,  fine  papers 
and  transparent  films,  kraft 
papers,  multi-wall  bags  and 
containers. 


What  are  the  types  of  work 
at  Olin?  Olin's  great  diver- 
sity provides  a  broad  range 
of  opportunities  in  the  tech- 
nical science  and  engineering 
fields.  Emphasis  is  placed  on 
the  B.S.  and  M.S.  chemical, 
industrial,  mechanical  and 
metallurgical  engineering 
student  for  assignments  in 
plant  operations,  process 
control,  product  develop- 
ment, quality  control,  pro- 
duction and  marketing. 
Advanced  degree  M.S.  and 
Ph.D.  chemists  and  metallur- 
gists work  in  central  research 
and  development  improving 
existing  products  and  devel- 
oping new  ones.  Men  with 
liberal  arts  and  business 
backgrounds  find  rewarding 
career  opportunities  in  the 
administrative  functions, 
marketing,  and  some  areas 
of  manufacturing. 


What  are  the  opportunities 
at  Olin?  Olin  recognizes  peo- 
ple as  its  greatest  asset.  Your 
future  growth  and  career  is 
as  important  to  the  company 
as  it  is  to  you.  Beginning  with 
corporate  and  divisional  ori- 
entations, you  will  be  given 
thorough  on-the-job  training 
in  your  first  job.  You  will 
learn  and  progress,  accord- 
ing to  your  ability,  working 
with  skilled  and  experienced 
men  in  various  assignments. 
For  additional  information 
about  Olin  please  contact 
your  Placement  Office  or 
write  Mr.  M.  H.  Jacoby,  Col- 
lege Relations  Officer,  Olin, 
460  Park  Avenue,  New  York 
22,  N.Y. 


Olin 

460  Park  Avenue,  New  York  22,  N.Y. 
"An  equal  opportunity  employer." 


24 


TECHNOGRAPH 


A  GAUGE  OF 
UNDERGRADUATE  RESEARCH 


by  Larry  Heyda 


Recently  an  undergraduate  at  the 
U  of  I  invented  a  vacuum  gauge 
which  is  now  being  produced  by  RCA. 
Wilfred  Schuemann,  an  electrical  en- 
gineer by  curriculiun,  began  working 
as  a  researcher  in  the  University's  Co- 
ordinated Science  Laboratory  when 
he  was  a  freshman,  and  he  has  be- 
come a  respected  member  of  a  re- 
search team  interested  in  ultra-high 
vacuums. 

Will's  new  vaciumi  gauge  \\'as  both 
a  product  of  his  own  ingenuity  and 
the    unselfish    cooperation    and    help 


which  he  received  from  the  director 
and  other  members  of  the  lab.  The 
Bayard- Alpert  vacuum  gauge  (one  of 
the  co-inventors  was  Dr.  Alpert,  tlie 
director  of  CSL)  is  tlie  accepted 
standard  instrument  for  measuring 
ultra-high  vacuvim  pressures.  The  B-A 
gauge  is,  however,  limited  by  a  so- 
called  "X-ray  efiFect"  which  prevents 
it  from  reading  into  a  low  pressure 
range,  now  of  interest  to  researchers. 
\Viirs  invention  eliminates  this  re- 
stricting efiFect,  and  makes  it  possible 
t(j    measure    pressures    at    least    two 


orders  of  magnitude  lower  than  pre- 
vious instruments.  It  has  been  pat- 
ented by  the  University  Foundation. 

Schuemann,  wlio  is  now  a  graduate 
student  in  physics,  has  a  great  range 
of  interests.  He  is  an  active  member 
of  the  U  of  I  Clider  Club,  and  soaring 
has  become  one  of  his  greatest  satis- 
factions. In  addition,  his  past  mem- 
bership in  the  band  as  an  accom- 
plished flute  player  and  his  interests 
in  painting,  sketching  and  all  forms 
of  athletics  attest  to  the  fact  that  he  is 
liardly  the  proverbial  image  of  the 
dried-out  engineer. 

His  main  interests,  however,  have 
always  centered  around  mechanical 
and  electrical  equipment.  Like  many 
of  us,  he  spent  his  spare  time  during 
high  school  tinkering  with  junk,  con- 
cocting gadgets,  building  model  cars 
and  airplanes,  and  blowing  the  house 
fuses  now  and  then.  As  a  freshman  in- 
terested in  continuing  his  tinkering 
while  working  his  way  through  col- 
lege, he  requested  and  received  a  job 
as  research  assistant  in  the  Coordi- 
nated Science  Laboratory. 

According  to  Will,  "I  believe  that 
research  experience  can  be  as  valua- 
ble for  an  engineering  student  as  what 
he  learns  in  the  classroom.  It  certainly 
was  for  me.  I  belie\e  that  any  under- 
graduate who  is  interested  in  research 
should  consider  applying  for  a  job 
with  one  of  the  research  labs." 

So  if  you  want  to  be  a  researcher, 
pick  out  the  group  that  interests  you, 
find  out  who  the  director  is,  and  ask 
him  for  a  job.  You  might  just  get  it— 
^^'ill  Schuemann  did.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


DECEMBER,    1963 


25 


Are  you  interested  in  a  career  in  management? 


The  key  words  are  "career"  and  "management." 

The  Bethlehem  Loop  Course  is  designed  not  to  place  a 
man  in  a  job,  but  to  start  a  man  on  a  career.  Although  we 
have  a  specific  initial  job  assignment  in  mind  for  every 
man  we  recruit  for  the  Loop  Course,  that  assignment  is 
just  the  first  step  toward  increasing  levels  of  responsibility. 
The  Bethlehem  Loop  Course  is  designed  to  train  men  for 
management.  We  select  men  whom  we  feel  have  the  po- 
tential; we  start  them  out  with  an  intensive  five  weeks' 
course  that  gives  them  a  comprehensive  knowledge  of  the 
Company's  operations;  we  follow  this  up  with  a  training 
program  at  the  facility  or  within  the  department  to  which 
he  is  first  assigned.  A  steel  plant  man,  for  instance,  will 


be  given  general  plant  training  for  a  number  of  weeks;  a 
sales  looper  trains  for  a  full  year  before  he  starts  actual 
selling. 

Think  it  over.  It  should  be  abundantly  clear  that  we 
have  a  big  stake  in  our  loopers.  We  do  everything  in  our 
power  to  assure  that  you  make  good  progress— the  rest 
is  up  to  you. 

If  you  are  interested  in  a  career  in  management  with 
one  of  the  nation's  largest  and  most  dynamic  industrial 
concerns,  we  urge  you  to  read  our  booklet,  "Careers  with 
Bethlehem  Steel  and  the  Loop  Course."  You  can  get  a 
copy  at  your  Placement  Office,  or  by  sending  a  postcard 
to  our  Personnel  Division,  Bethlehem,  Pa. 


BETHLEHEM  STEEL 


BETHllEHEM 
STEEL 


Arj  equal  opportunity  employer 


;26 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Research  at  RCA  Laboratories 


Superconductive  Computer  Memory 

Piciurcd  abose  is  a  radicall>  new  t>pc  of 
thin  film  superconductive  array  capable  of 
storing  16,384  bits  of  data  in  an  area  smaller 
than  a  playing  card.  This  array  is  a  step  toward 
a  high-speed  all  electronic  memory  of  hundreds 
of  millions  or  billions  of  bits,  which  is  a 
storage  capacity  now  attainable  only  in  slow 
electromechanical  devices. 

The  structure  becomes  superconducting  with 
its  immersion  in  liquid  helium:  two  pulses  of 
positive  or  negative  electric  current  are  sent 
through  the  selection  trees  to  a  selected  inter- 
section. Their  combined  efTect  at  the  chosen  in- 
tersection produces  a  "normal"  or  non-super- 
conducting area  in  the  tin  layer  directly  beneath. 

When  this  occurs,  a  microscopic  ring  of 
electric  current  is  induced  and  instantly  trapped 
in  the  tin  at  this  point.  As  the  pulses  cease, 
the  area  again  becomes  superconductive,  and 
the  stored  current  remains,  moving  in  its  micro- 
scopic circle  in  either  a  clockwise  or  counter- 
clockwise direction  according  to  the  positive 
or  negative  character  of  the  pulses  that  induced 
it.  In  computer  language,  this  stored  current 
represents  one  bit  of  information — a  "zero" 
or  a  "one."  depending  upon  its  direction. 

When  the  information  is  to  be  recalled  by 
the  computer,  two  pulses  are  again  sent  to 
the  same  intersection.  If  their  polarity  (positive 
or  negative)  is  the  same  as  that  of  the  stored 
current,  nothing  happens.  If  it  is  opposite,  the 
direction  of  the  stored  current  will  be  reversed 
and  a  read  out  voltage  will  be  induced  in  a 
simple  box-like  structure  extending  under  the 
whole  memory  plane.  The  presence  or  absence 
of  this  signal  is  part  of  a  code  which  is  deci- 
phered electronically  to  obtain  the  desired 
information. 


Reference — L.  L.  Burns,  Paper  presented  at  the 
Fall  Joint  Computer  Conference,  Las  Vegas, 
Nov.  12-14,  196J  and  puhlisliedin  the  Proceed- 
ings of  the  Fall  Joint  Computer  Conference. 


Sun-Pumped  Continuous  Laser 

Laser  (optical-maser)  action  has  been 
achieved  in  CaF!:Dy-+  at  liquid  neon  tem- 
perature (27''  K)  using  the  sun  as  the  pumping 
source.  The  minimum  power  required  to  obtain 
laser  oscillations  could  be  supplied  with  a 
10-inch-diameter  condensing  mirror.  Laser 
action  at  liquid-nitrogen  temperature  is  antici- 
pated using  a  20-inch-diameter  condensing 
mirror. 

Laser  action  in  the  CaF!:Dy-+  system  was 
reported  at  2.36  microns.  The  laser  oscillation 
lakes  place  in  the  sharp  'h  — >-  'I«  4f-4f 
iransitions,  and  it  is  pumped  in  broad  4f-  5d 
.ibsorption  bands  starting  at  10,000  cm-'  and 
extending  throughout  the  visible  region  of  the 
spectrum.  The  low  pulsed  laser  threshold,  the 
long  lifetime  (10  msec  for  a  0.05  molar  '",- 
Dy-+  in  CaFi)  and  the  convenient  location  of 


the  broad  pumping  bands  of  this  system  make 
it  especially  suitable  forsun-pumped  operation. 

The  photograph  shows  the  experimental 
arrangement.  A  1-inch  long,  '/i-inch-by-'/s-inch 
cross-section  CaFj:  0.05  M  '~(  Dy=+  laser 
crystal  is  placed  in  a  dewar  filled  with  liquid 
neon  just  outside  the  focal  point  of  a  14-inch 
spherical  mirror.  The  dewar  was  wrapped  with 
aluminum  foil  except  for  the  area  of  illumi- 
nation to  insure  better  optical  couphng. 

From  the  known  values  of  the  pulsed  laser 
threshold  at  27°  K  and  at  78°  K,  we  estimate 
that  a  20-inch-diameter  condensing  mirror  will 
be  sufficient  to  operate  the  laser  at  liquid 
nitrogen  temperature.  Experiments  using  much 
larger  mirrors  are  in  progress  to  evaluate  the 
high  power  output  capabilities  of  the  sun- 
pumped  laser. 


Reference — Z.   /.    Kiss,    H.    R.   Lewis,   R.    C. 
Duncan — .Applied  Physics  Lirs.  2,  93,  1963. 


Beam  Plasma 

An  experimental  RCA  tube  which  may  open 
new  communication  and  radar  channels  near 
the  frequencies  of  infrared  light  is  shown  being 
prepared  for  test  at  RCA  Laboratories.  The 
device  uses  the  interaction  of  an  electron  beam 
with  a  cesium  plasma  to  amplify  23  Gc  micro- 
wave power. 

The  device  consists,  basically,  of  an  electron 
gun,  input  and  output  helixes  and  a  cesium 
plasma.  The  gun  sends  an  electron  beam 
through  the  input  helix  where  the  input  signal 
impresses  a  space-charge  wave  on  the  beam. 
The  beam  then  traverses  a  three  centimeter 
length  of  plasma.  The  plasma  is  generated  by 
a  cesium  Penning-type  arc.  The  resonant  fre- 
quency of  the  plasma  electrons,  which  is  pro- 
portional to  the  square  root  of  the  plasma 
density,  is  set  equal  to  the  signal  frequency. 
Interaction  occurs  between  the  space-charge 
wave  and  the  plasma  oscillations  which  results 
in  an  amplification  of  the  space-charge  wave. 
In  the  above  tube,  power  in  the  space-charge 
wave  is  amplified  ten  thousand  times.  The 


amplified  signal  is  delivered  to  the  load  by  the 
output  helix  as  the  beam  passes  through  the 
helix. 


Reference— G.  A.  Swart:  and  L.  S.  Napoli, 
Proceedings  of  Conference  on  M'ave  Inter- 
action and  Dynamic  Non-linear  Phenomena 
in  Plasmas,  Pennsylvania  Stale  University,. 
February  1963. 

These  are  only  a  few  of  the  recent 
reports  by  Members  of  the  Tech- 
nical Staff  of  the  DavicJ  Sarnoff 
Research  Center.  Many  scientific 
challenges  await  the  atdvancecJ 
(degreecancJidatein  Physics,  Elec- 
trical Engineering,  Chemistry  ancJ 
Mathematics. 


To  learn  more  about  these  research  programs  you  are  invited  to  meet  our 
representative  when  he  visits  your  university  or  write  to  the  Administrator, 
Graduate  Recruiting,  RL  9,  RCA  Laboratories,  Princeton,  New  Jersey. 


.in  Eqtial  Opportunity  Employer 

The  Most  Trusted  Name 
in  Electronics 


DECEMBER,    1963 


27 


Engineers 

l7i  Choosing  a  Career, 
Consider  these 
Advantages— 


p 


LoCdtion :  Fisher  is  basically  an  "Engineering' 
company  with  1,500  employees  located  in  a 
pleasant  midwest  community  of  22,000. 
It's  less  than  10  minutes  to  the  Fisher  plant 
from  any  home  in  Marshalltown. 

Type  of  work:  You'll  become  a  member  of 
an  engineering  team  that  has  produced  some 
of  the  outstanding  developments  in  the  field 
of  automatic  pressure  and  liquid  level  controls. 

Growth :  Fisher's  products  are  key  elements 
in  automation  which  assures  the  company's 
growth  because  of  the  rapid  expansion  of 
automation  in  virtually  every  industry. 

Advancement:  Your  opportunity  is 
unlimited.  It  is  company  policy  to  promote 
from  within;  and  most  Fisher  department 
heads  are  engineers. 


4.    ^.- 


If  you  want  to  begin  your  engineering  career 
with  one  of  the  nation's  foremost  research  and 
development  departments  in  the  control  of 
fluids,  consult  your  placement  office  or  write 
directly  to  Mr.  John  Mullen,  Personnel  Director, 
Fisher  Governor  Company,  Marshalltown,  la. 


If  it  flows  through  pipe 
anywhere  in  the  world 
chances  are  it's  controlled  by... 


fiSHEll 


28 


TECHNOGRAPH 


MAN  AGAINST  MACHINE 


by  Henry  S.  Magnuski 


Statisticians  have  drawn  all  kinds  of 
curves  showing  the  passing  of  time 
and  the  accumulation  of  scientific 
knowledge  and  data.  Some  of  these 
curves  are  exponential,  and  show  the 
tremendous  increase  in  knowledge, 
while  others  show  how  man  asymp- 
totically approaches  the  "Truth." 
Well,  here  is  one  cune,  an  ordinary 
straight  line,  that  shows  the  decrease 
in  the  time  lag  between  the  discovery 
of  a  scientific  principle  and  its  appli- 
cation for  use  by  mankind— the  pre- 
dictions are  most  revealing. 

The  horizontal  axis  shows  the  year 
of  discovery  of  some  scientific  knowl- 
edge, and  the  vertical  axis  shows  tlie 
difference  in  time  between  tlie  dis- 
covery and  the  practical  use  of  this 
knowledge.  The  portion  of  the  curve 
above  the  zero  axis  indicates  that  the 
scientific  principle  was  discovered  be- 
fore it  was  fully  appreciated,  and  the 
portion  of  the  curve  below  the  zero 
axis  indicates  that  the  scientific  princi- 
ple was  in  use  before  it  was  dis- 
covered. 

This  idea  may  not  seem  very  clear 
at  first,  but  it  will  after  the  following 
selected  points  are  noted.  In  1800, 
Volta  discovered  his  voltaic  pile,  an 
invention  which  led  to  the  electric 
battery.  A  full  forty-three  years  later 
Morse  used  this  principle  to  power 
a  telegraph,  and  Western  Union  has 
been  making  money  on  that  idea  ever 
since.  In  1873,  Maxwell  published  his 
famous  equations,  predicting  the  ex- 
istence of  radio  waves,  and  it  took 
Guglielmo  Marconi  only  twenty-three 
years  to  prove  that  Maxwell  was 
right.  In  1948,  Bardeen  and  others 
discovered  the  "transistor  effect."  Six 
years  later  engineers  developed  the 
transistor  radio,  and  tubes  have  been 
dying  since.  Thus,  the  time  lag  be- 

DECEMBER,    1963 


UJr 

UJo 

>  1- 

40 

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ir 

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y  o 

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Zl 

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(/)  Q- 

rr  a- 

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o 

-v. 

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1-  o 

-.VOLTAIC    PILE  DISCOVERED 


maxwell's  equations 


TRANSISTOR 
INVENTED 


I900  1^50 

COMPUTER  BEATS  MAN  AT  CHESS 

ILLIAC  in  MAKES  DISCOVERY 
WORTHY   OF  NOBEL  PRIZE 

MACHINES  BECOME  INELIGIBLE 
FOR  SCIENTIFIC  AWARDS 


tween  the  discovery  and  use  of  an 
invention  has  decreased  as  the  cen- 
turies roll  on. 

Clearly,  as  the  curve  indicates, 
there  must  be  a  time  when  the  delay 
between  discovery  and  use  becomes 
zero.  This  time  is  coming  soon,  and 
in  fact,  it  is  scheduled  for  June,  1966. 
On  a  morning  in  that  June,  some 
young,  bright  physicist  is  going  to 
walk  out  of  his  lab  with  a  brand  new 
scientific  concept  in  his  mind,  and  find 
someone  selling  an  application  of  the 
idea  on  the  very  same  day.  When  this 
happens,  the  curve  will  have  crossed 
zero,  and  we'll  be  in  an  era  where 
we  build  and  use  things  without 
knowing  why  they  work. 

At  first  this  situation  won't  be  too 
bad  or  disturbing.  The  consumer  ap- 
plications divisions  of  many  industries 
will  put  a  new  product  on  the  market, 
and  a  month  or  two  later  the  engi- 
neering research  department  will  find 
out  what  makes  the  thing  work.  As 
time  goes  on,  however,  this  delay  be- 
tween the  marketing  and  the  com- 
pletion of  research  on  a  new  product 
will  become  longer,  and  men  will  be 
using  things  that  they  built  but  know 


SEE  TEXT 


absolutely  nothing  about.  For  in- 
stance, in  1980,  some  computer  will 
produce  a  revolutionary  theory  that 
will  startle  the  world.  It  will  be  used 
immediately  by  engineers  but  it  will 
take  a  group  of  scientists  a  year  and 
a  half  of  tedious  hard  calculations  to 
prove  that  the  computer  is  right. 

The  above  rather  embarrassing  situ- 
ation, coupled  with  others  like  it,  will 
start  a  revolt  against  computers  brew- 
ing in  the  minds  and  hearts  of  scien- 
tists. Unfortunately,  by  this  time  both 
scientists  and  engineers  will  be  rely- 
ing heavily  upon  computers,  and  they 
wouldn't  dare  attack  their  machines 
right  away.  As  the  years  go  on,  how- 
ever, computers  will  start  beating  men 
at  everything,  including  thinking, 
playing  chess,  athletics,  and  man's  age 
old  favorite,  sex. 

This  state  of  affairs  will  trigger  an 
open  revolt  against  the  machines,  and 
man  will  do  everything  nasty  he  can 
possibly  think  of  to  the  computers,  in- 
cluding pidling  their  plugs.  Within 
forty-eight  hours  the  revolt  will  be 
over,  scientific  progress  will  be  set 
back  fifty  years,  and  man  will  be 
master  of  the  world  once  more. 

♦  ♦♦ 

29 


To  Continue  To  Learn  And  Grow . . . 


...  is  a  basic  management  philosophy  at  Delco  Radio 
Division,  General  Motors  Corporation.  Since  its  in- 
ception in  1936,  Delco  Radio  has  continually  expanded 
and  improved  its  managerial  skills,  research  facilities, 
and  scientific  and  engineering  team. 

At  Delco  Radio,  the  college  graduate  is  encouraged 
to  maintain  and  broaden  his  knowledge  and  skills 
through  continued  education.  Toward  this  purpose, 
Delco  maintains  a  Tuition  Refund  Program.  Designed 
to  fit  the  individual,  the  plan  makes  it  possible  for  an 
eligible  employe  to  be  reimbursed  for  tuition  costs  of 
spare  time  courses  studied  at  the  university  or  college 
level.  Both  Indiana  University  and  Purdue  University 
offer  educational  programs  in  Kokomo.  In-plant  gradu- 
ate training  programs  are  maintained  through  the  off- 
campus  facihties  of  Purdue  University  and  available  to 


employes  through  the  popular  Tuition  Refimd  Program. 

College  graduates  will  find  exciting  and  challenging 
programs  in  the  development  of  germanium  and  silicon 
devices,  ferrites,  solid  state  diffusion,  creative  packag- 
ing of  semiconductor  products,  development  of  labora- 
tory equipment,  reliability  techniques,  and  applications 
and  manufacturing  engineering. 

If  your  interests  and  qualifications  he  in  any  of  these 
areas,  you're  invited  to  write  for  our  brochure  detailing 
the  opportunities  to  share  in  forging  the  future  of 
electronics  with  this  outstanding  Delco-GM  team. 
Watch  for  Delco  interview  dates  on  your  campus,  or 
write  to  Mr.  C.  D.  Longshore,  Dept.  135A,  Delco 
Radio  Division,  General  Motors  Corporation,  Kokomo, 
Indiana. 

An  equal  opportunity  employer 


solid  stote  electronics  < 


f    ^y7^      Delco    Radio    Division    of    General    Motors 
L.c/ _^m        Kokomo,    Indiana 


30 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Engines  of  the  future  . . .  engines  of  today.  Low  compression 
engines  .  .  .  high  compression  engines.  Air-cooled  engines  .  . . 
water-cooled  engines.  Four,  si.x  and  eight  cylinder  engines. 
And  all  he  has  to  do  is  figure  out  which  gasolines  we  should 
produce  to  make  them  all  happy. 

One  of  the  key  scientists  in  American  Oil's  Road  Anti- 
knock Quality  Program  is  Charles  Karabell,  31,  B.S., 
Chemical  Engineering,  PhD,  Mechanical  Engineering  from 
Purdue  University.  To  say  that  his  job  of  establishing  and 
predicting  fuel  characteristics  for  today's  and  tomorrow's 
automobile  engines  is  a  challenge,  is  a  vast  understatement. 


If  you're  thinking  about  a  career  with  a  future,  think 
about  us.  American  Oil  offers  a  wide  range  of  new  research 
opportunities  for:  Engineers— chemical,  mechanical,  and 
metallurgical;  Chemists — analytical,  electrochemical,  phys- 
ical, and  organic;  Masters  in  Business  Administration  with 
an  engineering  (preferably  chemical)  or  science  background : 
Mathematicians;  Physicists. 

For  complete  information  about  interesting  careers 
in  the  Research  and  Development  Department,  write: 
J.  H.  Strange,  American  Oil  Company,  P.  0.  Box  431, 
Whiting,  Indiana. 


IN  ADDITION  TO  FAR-REACHING  PROGRAMS  INVOLVING  FUELS,  LUBRICANTS  AND  PETROCHEMICALS,  AMERICAN  OIL  AND  ITS  SISTER  COMPANY,  AMOCO 
CHEMICALS  CORPORATION,  ARE  ENGAGED  IN  SUCH  DIVERSIFIED  RESEARCH  AND  DEVELOPMENT  PROJECTS  AS;  Organic  ions  under  electron  impact,  Radiation- 
induced  reactions  Physiochemical  nature  of  catalysts  Fuel  cells/ Novel  separations  by  gas  chromatography/Application  of  computers  to  complex 
technical  problems  Synthesis  and  potential  applications  for  aromatic  acids  Combustion  phenomena  Design  and  economics:  new  uses  for  present 
products,  new  products,  new  processes,  Corrosion  mechanisms  Development  of  new  types  of  surface  coatings. 

STANDARD  OIL  DIVISION  AMERICAN   OIL  COMPANY 


DECEMBER,    1963 


31 


ARE  YOU  INTERESTED  IN... 

CONSTRUCTION . . . 

WATER  RESOURCES  DEVELOPMENT. . . 


IN  THE  GEOGRAPHICAL  AREA  OF  YOUR  CHOICE 
WITH  THE  CORPS  OF  ENGINEERS 


DIVERSITY  OF  ACTIVITIES 

The  Corps  of  Engineers  embraces  virtually  the  entire  range  of  modern 
engineering  in  the  construction  field.  Projects  include  research  into 
basic  science,  engineering  investigations  and  regional  planning;  design, 
construction,  operations,  maintenance,  and  management  of  hydro- 
electric power  dams,  flood  control  facilities,  harbors  and  navigable 
streams;  design,  construction  and  maintenance  of  family  housing, 
runways,  hangars,  roadways,  hospitals,  and  nuclear  power  installations; 
and  construction  of  intercontinental  ballistic  missile  and  space  launch- 
ing sites.  In  addition  are  the  allied  fields  of  cartography,  geodesy  and 
engineer  intelligence. 

OPPORTUNITY 

Opportunity  is  provided  for  progressive  movement  toward  top  positions 
for  men  with  ability.  You  learn  from  top  calibre  professionals  who 
have  had  many  years  of  high  quality  experience. 

LOCATION 

Projects  are  located  in  every  State  and  in  many  foreign  countries. 

A  CAREER  NOT  A  JOB 

The  Corps  offers  a  well  defined  18-month  rotational  training  program 
for  young  graduate  engineers  covering  all  facets  of  the  varied  work 
program.  This  is  followed  by  planned  career  development  assignments. 
These  assignments  enable  a  young  man  to  develop  his  special  aptitudes 
in  the  engineering  field.  As  he  progresses,  special  attention  is  given 
to  the  development  of  managerial  and  executive  abilities. 

ADVANCED  EDUCATION  AVAILABLE 

Attendance  at  special  seminars,  symposiums,  and  university  courses 
and  participation  in  professional  societies  and  activities  are  encour- 
aged, and  sponsored  when  possible.  Fellowships  for  advanced  study 
and  awards  for  outstanding  achievement  are  also  available. 


FOR  ADDITIONAL  INFORMATION  ...  and  an  illustrated 
brochure  "Your  Career",  write  to  the  Chief  of  Engi- 
neers, Department  of  the  Army,  Washington,  D.C. 
20315 


CORPS  OF  ENGINEERS 
DEPARTMENT  OF  ARMY 


32 


AN    tQUAL   OPPORTUNITY    EMPLOYER' 

TECHNOGRAPh' 


AN  ENGINEERS 


ore 


imad 


Imprinted  from  the  December  1962  Outlook 


Twas  the  night  before  Christmas,  and  all  thru 

the  plant, 
Not  a  creature  was  working  but  me  and  Van  Zant. 
The  specs  were  all  written  and  ready  to  go, 
In  hopes  that  the  drawings  would  soon  be,  also. 
A  batch  had  been  finished,  and  already  checked 
But  others  were  not,  as  you  might  well  expect. 
So  we,  both  as  zealous  as  Scrooge's  poor  clerk, 
Had  just  settled  ourselves  for  a  long  evening's 

work- 
When  out  on  the  lawn  there  arose  such  a  clatter, 
We  sprang  from  our  desks  to  see  what  was  the 

matter. 
The  security  lights  on  the  new-fallen  snow 
Gave  the  luster  of  blastoff  to  objects  below. 
When,  what  to  oiu'  wondering  eyes  should  appear. 
But  a  miniature  space  capsule  and  eight  tiny  ( but 

extremely  powerful)    hydrazine-propellant 

boosters  tandem  mounted  in  series  so  the  pilot 

could  steer; 
And  a  little  round  astronaut,  so  lively  and  quick, 
I  thought  for  a  moment  he  might  be  Saint  Nick. 
But  then  Van  Zant  asked  me,  "Did  vou  hear  him 

yell 
All  those  names  to  his  boosters  as  his  capsule  fell? 
'Now   Atlas!    now   Saturn,   now  Vanguard    and 

Gemini! 
Let's   make    our   next   landing   beside   that    old 

chimney! 
On  Nike!  on  Redstone!  on  Titan  and  Polaris! 
It's  only  tonight  that  Canaveral  can  spare  us!" 
As   we   drew   in   our   heads   and   were   turning 

around, 
Down  the  chimney  the  astronaut  came  with  a 

bound. 
He  was  dressed  in  a  spacesuit  from  his  head  to 

his  foot. 


And  his  clothes  were  all  tarnished  with  ashes  and 

soot; 
"This  soot, "  he  said,  smiling,  "is  not  from  your 

chimney. 
It  s  caused  by  the  heat  of  atmospheric  re-entry! " 
A  wink  of  his  eye  and  a  twist  of  his  head 
Soon  put  us  at  ease,  although  he  then  said: 
"Tell  me,  are  your  schedules  really  so  tight. 
Or  do  you  get  overtime  for  working  tonight?" 
I  looked  at  Van  Zant;  then  he  looked  at  me; 
I  said,  "It's  a  matter  of  deadline,  you  see  .  .  . " 
"We've  got  a  tough  problem, "  Van  Zant  said  with 

a  groan, 
"In  hanging  the  micronite  up  in  the  T-zone. " 
The  astronaut  chuckled,  "Well,  that's  why  I'm 

here. 
In  packaging,  I  was  the  first  engineer." 
He  spoke  nothing  more,  but  went  straight  to  the 

work. 
And  studied  the  problem;   then  turned  with  a 

jerk, 
He  smilingly  told  us  to  take  a  good  look. 
And  held  out  a  Christmas  tree  ornament  hook. 
Even  though  we  both  knew  he  had  foimd  the 

solution. 
By  then  we  felt  ripe  for  a  state  institution. 
"Well,  fellows,"  he  said,  "All  your  systems  are 
go; 

It  looks  A-OK,  so  I've  now  got  to  blow." 
And  laying  his  finger  astride  of  his  nose. 
And  giving  a  grin,  up  the  chimney  he  rose. 
He  sprang  to  his  capsule  and  into  the  door. 
And  then  blasted  off  with  a  Titanesque  roar. 
"Happy  Christmas, '  he  xelled,  as  he  flew  out  of 

sight, 
"Keep  >our  stuff  simple  and  its  bound  to  be 

right!" 


DECEMBER,    1963 


33 


Room  and  Board 

Intramural  Sports 

Social  Activities 

Quiet  Hours  for  Study 

Close  to  Engineering 
Campus 


MEDEA 


412  and  408  East  Green 


an 


MEDEA  LODGE 

Two  Blocks  from  Engineering  Campus 


A  skit  for  relaxation 

Medea,  one  of  the  finest  Independent  Men's 
houses  on  campus,  offers  small  group  living 
with  the  advantages  of  a  larger  house.  Liv- 
ing at  either  Medea  or  Medea  Lodge  assures 
you  of  an  excellent  location,  fine  food  (T- 
bones  once  a  week ) ,  coffee  an'  served  every 
morning,  good  study  conditions,  and  Uni- 
versity approved  Counselors. 


Evidence  of  effort 


Freshman  applications  for  the  fall  semester  must  be  ap 
by  April  1,  1964.  Write  for  applications  to  Robert  So 
House    Director,   412    E.    Green,    Champaign,    Illinois. 


(Advertisement) 


34 


TECHNOGRAPH 


CAMELS,  COMMITTEES, 

AND 

COLLEGES 


The  camel  has  been  defined  as  a 
horse  designed  by  a  committee.  This 
remark,  of  course,  is  really  a  comment 
on  the  efficiency  of  committees  rather 
than  on  the  beauty  of  camels.  The 
work  of  our  ci\'ilization  is  executed 
tlirough  committees;  we  have  commit- 
tees for  .  .  .  ,  committees  against  .  .  .  , 
and  committees  with  less  well  defined 
purposes.  The  College  of  Engineering 
has  twenty-two  of  them,  most  of 
wliich  directh'  affect  the  campus  life 
of  undergraduates. 

This  year  several  new  committees 
were  created  and  their  establishment 
reflects  the  concern  of  the  College  for 
continuous  curriculum  re\ision,  con- 
tinued education  after  graduation, 
better  campus  facilities,  and  the  need 
to  sufficiently  anticipate  the  future 
educational  requirements  of  a  rapidly 
growing  profession. 

The  Library  Committee  has  been 
directed  to  consider  plans  for  either 
expanding  present  library  facilities  or 
construction  of  a  separate  building 
which  woidd  house  the  library  with 
other  needs  of  the  College.  One  spe- 
cific project  the  committee  will  con- 
sider will  be  a  net\\'ork  of  carrels 
{ small  study-conference  rooms ) .  Plans 
may  also  include  increasing  the  pro- 
portion of  graduate  level  material  and 
providing  more  literature  and  refer- 
ence books  to  meet  the  changing  em- 
phasis of  undergraduate  engineering 
education.  A  new  building  would  cer- 
tainly ehminate  the  fire  hazard  and 
the  squeaking,  vibrating  floors  in 
Civil  Engineering  Hall.  In  fact,  rumor 
has  it  that  if  the  termites  ever  stop 
holding  hands,  the  building  will  surely 
collapse. 

The  Continuing  Education  Commit- 
tee will  determine  what  formal  study 
programs  can  be  initiated  to  help 
engineers  in  industry  keep  abreast  of 
current  dexelopments.  As  committee 
chairman  Professor  Jack  Briscoe  said, 
"The  undergraduate  studies  the  funda- 
mentals of  the  various  engineering 
sciences  in  order  to  provide  a  founda' 


by  Stuart  Umpleby 

tion  for  his  ad\'anct'd  work  at  the 
Uni\ersity  and,  equalh-  or  more  im- 
portant, to  enable  him  to  follow  the 
scientific  and  engineering  advances 
that  occur  after  his  graduation.  It  is 
essential  that  every  young  engineer 
realize  that  his  undergraduate  educa- 
tion is  only  the  beginning  of  all  that 
he  must  learn  if  he  is  to  really  be  an 
engineer." 

The  new  Committee  on  Earth  Sci- 
ence Oriented  Engineering,  by  study- 
ing the  interrelation  of  such  fields  as 
mining  and  reservoir  engineering,  geo- 
physics, rock  mechanics,  and  mineral 
processing,  will  analyze  the  effective- 
ness of  the  present  departmental 
organization  of  instruction.  The  work 
of  this  committee  may  have  a  tremen- 
dous effect  on  the  curricula  and  the 
administrative  subdivisions  of  the  Col- 
lege in  the  future.  The  chairman  of 
the  Earth  Sciences  Committee  is  Pro- 
fessor Don  U.  Deere. 

The  new  Engineering  Technology 
Curriculum  Advisory  Committee, 
headed  by  Professor  J.  S.  Dobrovolny 
will  consider  the  needs  of  engineering 
technician  training  programs  for  jun- 
ior colleges.  According  to  informed 
estimates,  the  United  States  should 
have  three  times  more  engineering 
technicians  than  it  now  has  for  the 
best  use  of  engineering  manpower. 
The  work  of  this  committee  will  be 
related  to  the  studies  on  tliis  problem 
conducted  over  the  last  several  years 
for  the  Illinois  State  Board  of  \'oca- 
tional  Education. 

The  many  committees  in  the  Col- 
lege of  Engineering  have  great  influ- 
ence on  the  direction  the  College  is 
moving  and,  consequently,  on  the 
lives  of  students.  Yet  one  wonders  if 
another  new  committee  shouldn't  be 
established  next  year:  the  Committee 
to  Study  \\'hy  the  College  of  Engi- 
neering Has  Twenty-Two  Committees 
^^'hile  the  Largest  College  on  Cam- 
pus, Liberal  Arts  and  Sciences,  Has 
Only  Seven,  That  would  be  interest- 
ing ,.  , 


YOU 


DECEMBER,    1963 


35 


"You  were  born  to  be  free.  You  were  also  born  with  a 
responsibility  to  contribute  to  our  common  defense.  For 
as  long  as  a  trace  of  avarice  exists  in  the  hearts  of  men, 
there  will  be  a  need  for  the  defense  of  men  and  their 
established  institutions." 

General  James  M.  Gavin,  from  the  book 
"WAR  AND  PEACE  IN  THE  SPACE  AGE" 


This  isn't  an  appeal  to  your  patriotic 
sense  of  duty.  But,  we  would  like  to 
suggest  that  the  people  at  MITRE  con- 
tribute significantly  to  the  first  line  of 
defense  of  this  country  and  of  the  free 
world. 

What  kind  of  work  is  this?  Systems 
work  mostly.  Computer-based  "L" 
systems  for  the  Air  Force.  World-wide 
systems  for  collecting,  transmitting, 
processing  and  displaying  information 
necessary  for  the  command  and  control 
of  our  forces. 

What  sort  of  people  enjoy  this  work? 
Talented  systems  engineers  and  scien- 
tists. Men  able  to  deal  in  broad  areas 
of  weapons  and  people  and  radar  and 
computers,  as  well  as  with  the  specific 
technical  problem  at  hand.  People  like 
[his  are  hard  to  come  by.  So,  we  en- 
courage them  by  offering  enough  lati- 
tude to  permit  an  imaginative,  inquisi- 
tive approach  to  problems.  They  are 
part  of  a  team  doing  original  and 
challenging  work  in  the  field  of  military 
command  technology.  And,  as  we  said 
before,  they  are  responsible  for  an  im- 


portant part  of  our  national  defense 
effort. 

Current  projects  include:  BUIC  (Back- 
up Interceptor  Control  for  the  SAGE 
system);  NORAD  Combat  Operations 
Center;  Nuclear  Detonation  Detection 
and  Reporting  System;  Post-Attack 
Command  and  Control  system;  NMCS 
(National  Military  Command  System); 
and  many  others. 

MITRE  always  has  openings  for  quali- 
fied men  and  women  in  every  level  from 
recent  graduate  to  senior  project  di- 
rector. Minimum  requirement,  B.S.  The 
greatest  need  is  for  scientists  and  en- 
gineers in  the  areas  of  electronics, 
physics  and  mathematics.  Address  in- 
quiries in  confidence  to  Vice  President 
—  Technical  Operations,  The  MITRE 
Corporation,  CP-4,  MC  Square, 
Bedford,  Massachusetts. 


THEI 


MITRE 

An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


Pioneer  in  the  desi(;r  ^r-d  development  of  command  and  control  systems.  MITRE  was 
chartered  in  1958  to  serve  only  the  United  States  Government.  The  independent  non- 
profit firm  is  technical  advisor  and  system  engineer  for  the  Air  Force  Electronic  Systems 
Division  and  also  serves  Itie  Federal  Aviation  Agency  and  the  Department  of  Defense. 


1984 

News  Release 
U  of  I  Computer 
Center 

Earlier  this  month,  after  four  dec- 
ades of  fear,  anxiety,  heartburn,  and 
ulcers  caused  by  the  ever  present 
possibility  that  mankind  might  soon 
start  glowing  in  the  dark,  man  decided 
to  link  all  the  computers  in  the  world 
together  with  long  extension  cords  so 
there  would  be  sufficient  electionic 
brainpower  to  solve  his  problems  and 
bring  happiness  and  tranquility  to  all. 
Centered  in  this  vast  array  of  ma- 
chines, of  course,  was  Illiac  LCIXVII, 
the  pride  of  the  University  of  Illinois, 
a  liquid-transistor,  gas-operated,  nu- 
clear-powered computer  second  to 
none  in  the  world. 

The  hook-up  was  completed  in  a 
very  few  days,  but  then  the  trouble 
began.  Everyone  had  a  different  idea 
about  what  the  super  brain  should  be 
asked.  An  international  group  of  sci- 
entists pondered  all  the  many  psycho- 
logical, physiological,  metaphysical, 
political,  and  transcendental  questions 
that  had  been  raised  but  not  answered 
by  Aristotle,  Plato,  Freud,  Bertrand 
Russell,  Walt  Kelly,  and  other  such 
crackpots.  What  question  could  be 
asked  that  would  best  serve  man's 
longing  for  knowledge  and  quest 
for  peace?  Finally  they  decided,  on 
the  basis  of  a  51  per  cent  majority, 
that  the  first  question  would  be:  "IS 
THERE  A  GOD?" 

The  question  was  fed  into  the  super 
brain  and  it  \\'ent  to  work.  The  enor- 
mous product  of  man's  genius  whirred, 
buzzed,  belched,  clicked,  and  di-ew 
such  a  vast  amount  of  power  that 
lights  all  over  the  world  v^^ere  dimmed. 
At  the  University  fuses  blew  and 
everyone  within  three  miles  of  Illiac 
LCIXVII  was  deafened  by  the  noise. 
Within  a  few  seconds  the  answer 
emerged.  It  read:  "THERE  IS  NOW." 


36 


TECHNOGRAPH 


WHERE'S  GARRETT? 


EVERYWHERE!  Here  are  a  few  of  the  ways  U.S.  defense  and  space  progress  are  being  helped 
by  Garrett-AiResearch:  //VSP>JC£- Environmental  control  systems;  auxiliary  power  systems;  advanced 
space  power  systems;  research  in  life  sciences.  IN  THE  AIR- Pressuuzaisou  and  air  conditioning 
for  most  of  our  aircraft;  prime  power  for  small  aircraft;  central  air  data  systems;  heat  transfer  equipment 
and  hundreds  of  components.  OA^i/l/VD- Auxiliary  power  systems  for  ground  support  of 
aircraft  and  missiles;  standard  generator  sets;  cryogenic  systems;  ground  support  instrumentation  and  controls. 
O/v  T«f  S£>J  — Auxiliary,  pneumatic  and  electrical  power  for  ships;  auxiliary  power  systems 
and  air  conditioning  for  hydrofoil  craft.   UNDER  THE  Sf/l-Environmental  systems  for  submarines 
and  deep  diving  research  vehicles;  pressurization  systems,  computers 
and  control  systems  for  submarines  and  underwater  missiles. 

For  further  information  about  many  Interesting  project  areas  and  career 
opportunities  at  The  Garrett  Corporation,  write  to  Mr.  G.  D.  Bradley  at 
9851  S.  Sepulveda  Blvd. ,  Los  Angeles.  Garrett  is  an  equal  opportunity  employer. 

THE   FUTURE   IS   OUILDIPtC   NOlAf  AT 


Los  Angeles  •  Pho 


DECEMBER,    1963 


37 


Honors  Students  in   Engineering 

Includes  James  Scholars  and  particlpanfs  in  the  College  Honors  Programs 


FRESHMEN 


ANDERSON,  Richard  Ernest 
BARKER,  John  L. 
BEALL,  Charles  W. 
BENJAMIN,  William  M. 
BIHNER,  James  W. 
BOYER,  Gerald   Rodney 
BRYAR,   Rebecca  Marie 
CARLSON,   Robert  D. 
CARTER,   Richard  Cochran 
CLARKE,  Arthur 
COHEN,   Barry  Eugene 
CONLIN,   Richard 
COOK,  James  Howard 
DYSTRUP,  Andrew  C. 
EARLE,  William   R. 
ENTWHISTLE,   George 
FERGUSON,  Donald  W. 


FITZJARRALD,   Joel 
FORNANGO,  James   P. 
FREESMEYER,   Sherrill   F. 
FULTON,  James  Michael 
GIESEKE,  Werner  James 
GREENE,  Gordon  J. 
HANSEN,  Gerhard 
HAUSCHULZ,   Keith  A. 
HAY,   Carl  Martin 
HAYEK,   Joseph  Charles 
HEIDENREICH,   Richard 
HELFINSTINE,   John   David 
HELM,   Richard   Bradley 
HICKS,   Russell  William 
HILLMAN,  Arthur  B.    Ill 
HOVIOUS,   Joseph  Carl 
HOWREY,   David   Kirby 


JENSKI,   Raymond  Alan 
JOHNSON,  Glenn  Carl 
JOHNSON,  Jared   Logan 
JOYCE,   James  Albert 
KALINOWSKI,  Leonard  E.,  Jr. 
KOT,    Seechun 
LEWIS,   Jon  Ellis 
LLOYD,  Thomas  Carl 
LUCAS,   Neil  Alan 
McLOUGHLIN,   Patrick  J. 
MEECE,   Jerry  Lee 
MERRIS,   William    Dale,   Jr. 
MICHELETTI,  William    J. 
MILLER,   Paul  Albert 
MINCH,  William   Raymond 
MORR,   Alan   Ray 
MOULIC,   Robert  Lee 


PHELPS,   Keith  Richard 
REED,   Robert  Bushnell 
ROSE,  Wayne  Myron 
SCHWARZ,  George  W.,  Jr. 
SIMON,   Stuart  Ellis 
STAPLETON,  John   Patrick 
STOCKS,  Joseph 
SULLIVAN,   Robert  F. 
TRAYLOR,  Marvin  Lee,  Jr. 
VANSWOL,   Richard  M. 
WARNKE,   Roger  Allen 
WEIGEL,  William   E.,  Jr. 
WEITZ,   Barry  Allen 
WELCH,   John   Lawrence 
WHITNEY,   Robin  R. 
WILLIAMSON,  Warren   L. 
YOUNG,   Stephen  Charles 


SOPHOMORES 


ANGEL,   Roger  K. 
BACKER,   Lois  June 
BAHMANYAR,   Reza 
BAILEY,    Peter  T. 
BARTON,   Henry  R. 
BAXTER,   Byron   Lee 
BENDULL,   Ernest  A. 
BOHABOY,   Philip  E. 
BOXLEITNER,  Gregg 
BRACHHAUSEN,  Eric 
BULLARD,  Clark  W. 


BUNTING,  Marcus 
CAMPBELL,   Ronald 
CONLEY,   Kenneth    D. 
DAHLSTROM,   Norris 
DAY,  Gordon  Wayne 
DONZE,   Richard   L. 
DRAKE,   Jerry  F. 
ELLIS,    Paul   David 
GLADDING,  Gary  E. 
GRANTHAM,  Thomas 
GROSZ,  Oliver  J.  H. 


HALE,   Carl   Edwin 
HENDRIX,   Robert  A. 
HOLLAND,   Lester  M. 
ISAACSON,  Michael 
JOHNSON,   Robert  B. 
KAMO,   Masayuki 
KEUNE,   David  Lee 
KOCH,   Paul   D. 
KOLMAN,   Joseph   L. 
LANGREHR,   Richard 
LEVIN,  Michael  A. 


MAGNUSKI,   Henry  S. 
PETERSON,   Wayne  A. 
PFLEDERER,   Larry 
RIES,   Roger  P. 
SCANLAN,   Ronald  M. 
SHUGARS,   Henry  G. 
STANLEY,    Stanley 
STREDDE,   Edward  H. 
SWAIN,  Carl  Eugene 
WEISS,   Richard  T. 
WINKEL,  William  J. 


JUNIORS 


ALLEN,   Charles  H. 
BARTHOLOMEW,   David 
BRANCA,  Thomas  R. 
BRANDT,   Larry   K. 
BREWER,   Ernest  L. 
BURGE,   David  A. 
CARLSON,  Charles 
CHAN,    Shiu   Kwong 
CHANG,  James  S. 
CLEMINS,  Archie  R. 
COTTON,  William   B. 
COULSON,  James  H. 


CROCIANI,   Danton 
EVANS,  Allan   R. 
FIGUEIRA,  Joseph 
ERASER,  William   T. 
GATES,  James  H. 
HENDERSON,  John  J. 
HUISJEN,  Martin  A. 
JOHNSON,  Clyde  R. 
JOHNSON,   Roger  L. 
JORDAN,  Bernard  E. 
KRAKOW,  William 
KRAYBILL,    David   M. 


LABER,   Douglas 
LANGE,   James   Jose 
LITHERLAND,   John 
MASLOV,  Alvin 
MILLER,   Robert  A. 
MORANGE,  Theodore 
NAFZIGER,  Lee  E. 
NIXON,  Larry  S. 
NOLTE,  Kenneth  G. 
NOMM,  Enno 
PETERSON,  Larry  M. 


PINSKY,  Stephen  S. 
RENDER,  Donald  J. 
SCHOMER,  Paul  D. 
SCHOONHOVEN,  Gerald 
SCHWARCZ,  Ronald 
SHUFELDT,  Warren 
SMIRL,  Richard  A. 
VANBLARICUM,  Glen 
VIETH,  Gary  Lee 
WIEGEL,  Roger  E. 
WILKEN,   Irvin   D. 


SENIORS 


BIRD,  George  R. 
BLEHA,  William    P. 
BRADY,   Richard  H. 
CAMPBELL,   Larry  M. 
CHANG,  Milton  M.  T. 
CHRISTOE,  Charles 
COOPER,  Gilbert  E. 
CRINER,   Douglas  E. 
CUSEY,   Robert  E. 
DELLER,   Richard  W. 
DOLLINS,   Charles 
FOX,   John  Alan 
HALL,  John  Albert 
HATFIELD,   Frank  J. 
HEMMER,  Joseph  C. 


HUTNER,   Mark  Allen 
JENNY,   Jon  Arthur 
JOHNSON,   John  A. 
JOHNSON,  Milo  R. 
KIRBY,   John   S. 
KNIGHT,  Thomas   D. 
KOSTELNICEK,   Rich 
KUECK,  Thomas  L. 
KUPPERMAN,   David 
LEBECK,  Alan  O. 
LENDRUM,  Lester  M. 
LENKSZUS,   Frank  R. 
LEVEY,   James  R. 
MADDEROM,   Douglas 


MADSEN,   John   E. 
MILKINTAS,   John   C. 
MILLER,  Gerald   D. 
MRSTIK,  Adolph  V. 
MUSICK,  Charles  R. 
NICHOLSON,  William 
OZANNE,   Jerry 
PAVIK,  Alvin   L. 
PLECK,  Michael  H. 
RADTKE,  Erich 
ROCKWELL,   Donald 
ROKUS,  Josef  W. 
SAAD,  Michael  W. 
SANDBERG,  Charles 


SCHUBERT,   Curtis 
SILBERSTEIN,    Ikon 
SMITH,   Edward   C. 
STEELE,   David   L. 
STEINER,   William 
VEATCH,   George  E. 
VOLODKA,   Livdas  K. 
WERNER,   Ronald  A. 
WHITESIDE,   Stephen 
WICKERSHEIM,   Robert 
WILTON,    Donald   R. 
WININGS,  Clifford 
YANG,   Henderson  C. 
YAREMA,   Raymond   J. 


38 


TECHNOGRAPH 


OPEN  HOUSE  .  .  . 


EXHIBIT  CONTEST 


Criteria  for  Judging 


How  well  does  the  basic  idea  or  theme  of 
the  display  depict  one  of  the  three  cate- 
gories below?  (30  pts.) 

A)  The  display  that  best  represents  the 
university  research  in  a  given  area 
or  field  of  engineering  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Illinois. 

B)  The  display  that  best  describes  the 
academic  life  of  an  undergraduate 
engineer  in  a  given  field  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Illinois. 

C)  The  display  that  best  tells  what  the 
profession  of  engineering  is  and  how 
the  engineer  relates  to  our  society. 


2)  Ability  of  the  display  to  attract  attention 
(suggestion:  the  device  for  getting  atten- 
tion should  be  related  to  the  exhibit). 

(15  pts.) 

3)  Aesthetic  quality  of  the  display  (attractive- 
ness, neatness,  professional  appearance). 

(15  pts.) 

4)  Ability  of  the  exhibit  to  convey  its  theme 
and  ideas  to  visitors  (suggestion:  the  visual 
presentation  and  use  of  symbols  should  con- 
vey the  theme  of  the  exhibit).  (20  pts.) 

5)  Ability  of  the  exhibitor  to  expand  on  the 
theme  of  the  exhibit  (suggestion:  the  ex- 
hibitor should  have  (  I  )  a  good  knowledge 
of  the  exhibits  basic  theme,  (2)  ability  to 
talk  to  visitors,  and  (  3  )  a  neat  appearance). 

(20  pts.) 

.  .  .Sponsored  by  Technograph 


U  of  I  Supply  Store 

COMPLETE  LINE  OF 
BOOKS,  ART  & 
ENGINEERING 
SUPPLIES 

TWO  LOCATIONS: 

ON  THE  CORNER 
AROUND  THE  CORNER 


An  E.E.  professor  eyed  the  class  as 
he  prepared  to  return  a  batch  of  exam 
papers.  "You  will  remain  seated  while 
they  are  passed  out,"  he  commanded. 
"If  you  were  to  stand,  it  is  conceivable 
that  you  might  accidentally  form  a 
circle.  That  would  make  me  liable  for 
arrest." 

"Why?"  the  E.E.'s  wanted  to  know. 

"I  could  be  arrested  for  maintaining 
a  dope  ring." 

Her  lips  quivered  as  they  ap- 
proached his.  His  whole  frame  trem- 
bled as  he  looked  into  her  eyes.  Her 
chin  vibrated  and  his  body  shuddered 
as  he  held  her  close  to  him.  The  moral 
of  this:  Never  kiss  a  girl  in  a  jeep  witli 
the  engine  running. 

If  Adam  came  back  to  earth,  the 
only  thing  he'd  recognize  would  be 
the  jokes. 


COMPUMENIS   OF 

PIT  STOP 

Import  Motors 

•  Alfa  Romeo 

•  Sprite 

•  M.G. 

•  Austin  Healy 

508   S.   FIRST 
CHAMPAIGN.  ILL. 


DECEMBER,    1963 


39 


ii«ttH«iiltW 


To  the  Editor: 

Being  in  full  accord  with  the  Tech- 
nograph  serving  as  a  source  of  news 
and  open  forum  for  engineering  stu- 
dents and  faculty,  I  enclose  my  check 
for  my  subscription  this  year.  How- 
ever, that  is  not  the  principal  purpose 
of  this  letter. 

I  plead  for  clarity,  honesty,  and  in- 
tegrity, and  highly  commend  you  and 
your  staff  on  the  excellence  of  your 
October  issue.  I  stress  this  because  I 
take  issue  with  only  one  expression, 
namely,  the  statement  about  Open 
House  on  your  Society  Page.  I  do  not 
question  that  many  students  and  staff 
would  like  to  see  Engineering  Open 
House  greatly  improved.  I  do  ques- 
tion the  statement  that  it  has  been 
a  "depressing  carnival." 

Many  exhibits  in  many  departments 
were  highly  educational,  excellently 
conceived,  well  constructed,  and  com- 
petently presented.  In  fact,  the  pro- 
portion of  carnival-type  exhibits  has 
decreased  greatly  in  the  last  few 
years.  Departmental  exhibits  were 
not  the  "worse"! 

Spreading  the  geographical  extent 
of  open  house  over  the  campus  last 
year,  and  staging  it  at  the  same  time 
as  the  Junior  Academy  of  Science 
exhibition,  greatly  reduced  the  den- 
sity of  attendance  at  individual  en- 
gineering exhibits.  However,  tlie  dis- 
satisfaction with  the  quantity  of 
visitors  should  not  impugn  the  quality 
of  the  departmental  exhibits  or  ex- 
hibitors. 

Sincereh', 
J.  P.  Neal 
Ex-Chairman 
Exhibits  and  Tours 
Committee 

To  the  Editor: 

In  last  month's  Technograph  there 
was  an  article  describing  the  U  of  I 
Engineering  Honors  Program.  Well, 
I've  be€'n  in  the  Honors  Program  for 


my  first  two  years  here  at  Illinois,  and 
for  the  most  part  have  been  very  dis- 
appointed. My  complaints  center 
about  the  treatment  that  incoming 
Freshman  and  Sophomore  honors  stu- 
dents receive.  During  the  first  two 
years  these  students  attend  honors 
sections  in  courses  which  are  required 
of  all  engineering  students,  and  these 
honors  sections,  in  my  opinion,  leave 
much  to  be  desired. 

The  article  stated  that  the  honors 
sections  offer  a  more  comprehensive 
and  flexible  approach  to  the  usual 
subject  matter.  I  have  not  found  this 
to  be  true.  For  instance,  there  is 
nothing  honorable  about  the  GE  103 
honors  section;  the  work  and  class 
hours  are  virtually  identical  to  the 
regular  classes. 

Also,  the  Physics  106,  107,  108 
honors  students  go  to  the  same  lec- 
tures, cover  the  same  materials,  and 
have  the  same  labs  as  the  other  sec- 
tions. No  extra  material  was  covered 
in  the  sections  which  I  was  in. 

A  nimiber  of  important  courses  in 
my  curricula  (E.E.)  have  no  honors 
sections  (T.A.M.  154,  Math  195,  and 
E.E.  250  for  instance). 

On  the  other  hand.  Honors  Rhetoric 
107  &  108  are  four  semester-hours 
courses,  and  involve  a  great  amount 
of  extra  reading  and  writing.  Many 
engineers  who  do  not  care  to  get  the 
extra  hours  of  credit  in  Rhetoric  have 
no  choice  but  to  get  stuck  in  the  reg- 
ular 101  &   102  sequence. 

I  really  fail  to  see  what  benefits  the 
underclass  undergraduate  engineer 
gets  by  being  a  James  Scholar.  Pres- 
ently, about  the  only  thing  I  get  from 
the  James  Program  is  a  postcard  each 
semester  asking  me  where  I  live.  The 
preregistration  "privilege"  does  me  no 
good,  because  I  pre-tally.  The  Mathe- 
matics Department  has  its  own  Hon- 
ors Program,  and  requires  everyone, 
including  James  Scholars,  to  take  a 
test  in  order  to  determine  who  is 
eligible  for  the  mathematics  honors 
sections.  The  College  of  Engineering 
requires  that  James  Scholars  make  a 
4.5  all-university  average  before  they 
are  enrolled  in  the  departmental 
honors  courses.  These  departmental 
honors  courses  start  during  the  Junior 
year,  and  until  that  time  the  student 
is  left  on  his  own. 


I  feel  that  the  James  Program  could 
do  much  more  for  the  first  and  second 
year  students.  The  honors  sections 
should  be  revised  to  make  them 
worthy  of  the  name,  and  the  people  in 
these  sections  should  be  capable  of 
taking  a  closer  look  at  the  material 
covered  in  the  course.  The  James  Pro- 
gram should  help  its  scholars  get  ac- 
quainted with  each  other  and  with 
faculty  members  on  an  informal  basis. 
Presently  this  is  done  only  through 
the  classrom,  and  a  class  is  really  not 
a   very   good   place   to   meet  people. 

I  hope  that  in  the  next  two  years 
the  Engineering  Honors  Program  will 
live  up  to  its  reputation.  The  James 
Program   certainly   didn't. 

Sincerely, 

Henry  S.  Magnuski 

To  the  Editor:  I 

1.  Your  October  issue  came  today. 
The  "New  Look"  sounded  so  good,  I 
stopped  in  the  middle  of  putting  up 
the  storm  windows  and  raking  the 
leaves,  to  check  the  issue  page  by 
page.  Attached  is  a  check  for  t\\o 
bucks— sold! 

2.  I  think  we  need  the  additional 
communications  discussed  there. 

3.  Dean  Everitt's  "A  Year  of 
Achievements"  was  good  for  we  "old 
timers"  on  the  outside,  as  well  as  the 
newcomers. 

4.  I  was  so  far  behind  the  times  that   " 
I  did  not  know  we  had  the  reports  and 
theses  abstracts  available,  page  23;  so 
you  see,  a  little  repetition  is  good. 

5.  I  see  you  have  one  of  my  working 
associates,  Henry  Magnuski,  on  your 
editorial      staff— wonderful.      Your 
"Lffted  from  Outlook"  was  well  done,   g 
Keep  it  up.  ^ 

6.  Lawrence  Heyda's  "What  Do  You 
Know  About  Co-op  Programs"  could 
be  the  beginning  of  something  very  n 
fine  and  helpful  for  future  co-ops.  q 
How  about  a  continual  follow-up  on 
this  sort  of  thing  for  better  informa- 
tion for  the  co-op,  for  the  school,  and 
for  the  industry/work  sponsor? 

Good  luck  in  the  New  Look.  ■ 

Very  truly  yours, 
Lloyd  P.  Morris 
2947  North  78th  Court 
Elmwood  Park,  111. 


40 


TECHNOGRAPH 


TURN  OUT  THE  LIGHTS  AND  PRESS  THE  BUTTON 


No  preconceptions,  please.  Too  often  they  point  you 
away  from  the  buried  treasure.  Because  Kodak  is 
properly  known  as  a  grand  place  for  chemical  engineers 
and  chemists,  fledgling  electronic  engineers  may  over- 
look us.  All  the  better  for  those  who  don't.  Particularly 
for  those  who  would  rather  apply  ideas  than  dream 
them,  unfashionable  as  candor  compels  us  to  sound. 

It  takes  all  kind  of  electronic  engineers  to  make  to- 
day's world,  but  we  think  we  clearly  see  the  ones  likely 
to  wind  up  nearer  the  helm  here  25  years  hence: 

When  his  projects  are  evaluated,  he'd  rather  be  right 
than  ahead  of  his  time. 

He  works  few  if  any  miracles  with  sealing  wax,  old 
shoestring,  and  new  developments  in  plasma  harmonics, 
but  when  they  turn  off  the  lights  in  the  big  darkroom, 
his  machine  from  the  very  first  crack  starts  inspecting. 


processing,  or  otherwise  handling  light-sensitive  prod- 
uct smoothly,  bugless,  and  at  the  miraculous  rates  he 
had  promised  in  the  preliminary  design  report.  He  ac- 
complishes this  by  keeping  abreast  of  the  state  of  his 
art  instead  of  considering  his  diploma  an  exemption 
from  learning  anything  new. 

He  deals  with  people  as  smoothly  as  with  things. 

He  would  rather  put  his  roots  down  in  the  community 
where  he  lives  than  root  himself  in  one  narrow  box  of 
engineering  specialization.  He  welcomes  changes  of  pace 
more  than  of  place. 

He  finds  it  cozy  to  know  that  if  times  change,  our 
diversification  leaves  dozens  of  directions  to  go  without 
fighting  the  cold  world  outside. 

Care  to  talk  to  us?  Above  remarks  apply  to  more  than 
just  electronic  engineers. 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY,   Business  and  Technical  Personnel  Department,  Rochester  4,  N.  Y. 


ISodlaEs 


An  equal-opportunity  employer  offering  a  choice  of  three  communities:  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  Kingsport,  Tenn.,  and  Longview,  Tex. 


An  Interview 

with  G.E.'s 

J.  S.  Smith, 

Vice  President, 

Marketing  and 

Public  Relations 


Mr.  Smith  is  a  member  of  General 
Eiectric's  Executive  Office  and  is 
in  charge  of  Marketing  ond  PubMc 
Relations  Services.  Activities  report- 
ing to  Mr.  Smith  include  marketing 
consultation,  sales  and  distribution, 
marketing  research,  marketing  per- 
sonnel development,  and  public  rela- 
tions as  well  as  General  Eiectric's 
participation  in  the  forthcoming 
New  York  World's  Fair.  In  his 
career  with  the  Company,  he  has 
had  a  wide  variety  of  assignments 
in  finance,  relations,  and  marketing, 
and  was  General  Manager  of  the 
Company's  Outdoor  Lighting  De- 
partment prior  to  his  present  ap- 
pointment  in    1961. 


For 

more     informa 

ion 

on 

^ 

caree 

r  in  Technical 

Ma 

ket 

ng. 

write  General  Electri 

cCo 

mpo 

ny. 

Secti 

on     699-08,     S 

hen 

ecto 

dy, 

New 

York   12305. 

COULD  YOU  OUT-THINK  A  COMPETITOR? 

Consider  a  Career 
in  Technical  Marketing 


Q.  Mr.  Smith,  I  know  engineering  plays  a  role  in  the  design  and  manufacture 
of  General  Electric  products,  but  what  place  is  there  for  an  engineer  in 
marketing? 

A.  For  lertain  exceptionally  talented  individuals,  a  career  in  technical  market- 
ing offers  extraordinary  opportunity.  You  learn  fast  what  the  real  needs  of 
customers  are.  under  actual  industrial  conditions.  You  are  brought  face-to-face 
with  the  economic  realities  of  business.  You  participate  in  some  of  the  most 
exciting  strategic  work  in  the  world:  planning  how  to  out-engineer  and  out-sell 
competitors  for  a  major  installation. 

Q.  Sounds  exciting.  But  I've  worked  hard  for  my  technical  degree.  I'm  worried 
that  if  I  go  into  marketing,  I  won't  use  it. 

A.  Don't  worry — you'll  use  all  the  engineering  you've  learned,  and  you'll  go 
on  learning  for  the  rest  of  your  life.  In  fact,  you'll  have  to.  You  see,  the  basic 
purpose  of  business  is  to  sense  changing  customer  needs,  and  then  marshal 
resources  to  meet  them  profitably.  That  means  that  you  must  learn  to  know 
each  customer's  operations  and  needs  almost  as  well  as  he  understands  them 
himself.  And  with  competitors  trying  their  best  to  outdo  you,  believe  me — 
every  bit  of  knowledge  and  skill  you've  got  will  be  called  into  play. 

Q.    Is  that  why  you  said  you  wanted  "exceptionally  talented  people"? 

A.  Technical  marketing  is  ncjt  everybody's  dish  of  tea.  It  takes  great  jiersonal 
drive  and  energy,  and  a  talent  for  managing  the  work  of  others  in  concert  with 
your  own.  It  takes  flexibility  .  .  .  imagination  .  .  .  ingenuity  .  .  .  quick  reflexes 
.  .  .  leadership  qualities.  If  you're  nervous  with  people  or  upset  by  quick- 
changing  situations,  I  don't  think  technical  marketing's  for  you.  But  if  you  are 
excited  by  competition,  like  to  help  others  solve  technical  problems,  and  enjoy 
seeing  your  technical  work  put  to  the  test  of  real  operation — then  you  may  be 
one  of  the  ambitious  men  we're  looking  for. 

Q.    Now  what,  actually,  does  a  man  do  in  technical  marketing? 

\.  Let  me  describe  a  typical  situation  in  General  Electric.  A  field  sales 
engineer  is  in  regular  contact  with  his  customers.  Let's  say  one  of  them  makes 
an  inquiry,  or  the  sales  engineer  senses  that  the  time  is  right  for  a  proposition. 
With  his  field  application  engineer,  he  determines  the  basic  equipment  needed. 
Then  he  contacts  the  marketing  sales  specialist  in  the  G-E  department  that 
manufactures  that  equipment.  The  sales  specialist,  working  closely  with  his 
dejjartments  product  engineers,  specifies  an  exact  design — realistic  in  function 
and  cost.  Then  the  sales  engineer  and  his  supporting  team  try  to  make  the 
sale,  changing  and  improving  the  proposition  as  they  get  cues  from  the  competi- 
tive situation.  If  the  sale  is  made — a  very  satisfying  moment — then  the  installa- 
tion and  service  engineers  install  the  equipment  and  are  responsible  for  its 
operation  and  repair.  With  the  exception  of  the  product  design  engineers,  all 
these  people  are  in  technical  marketing.  Exciting  work,  all  of  it. 

Q.  In  college  we  learn  engineering  theory.  How  do  we  get  the  sales  and  busi- 
ness knowledge  you  mentioned? 

A.  At  General  Electric,  a  solid,  well  tested  program  of  educational  courses  will 
quickly  advance  both  your  engineering  knowledge  and  your  sales  capacities. 
But  perhaps  even  more  important,  you'll  be  assigned  to  work  with  some  of  the 
crack  sales  engineers  and  application  and  installation  men  in  the  world,  and 
that's  no  exaggeration.  A  man  grows  fast  when  he's  on  the  sales  firing  line.  As 
a  FORTUNE  writer  once  put  it,  the  industrial  sales  engineer  needs  "that  prime 
combination  of  technical  savvy,  tactical  agility,  and  unruffled  persuasiveness." 
Have  you  got  what  it  takes?  69M8 


Progress  Is  Our  Most  Imporfanf  Product 

GENERAL^ELECTRIC 


TH 

V.Y9 
P0_. 


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fJb«:HXOORAPH 


1 

aXUARY 


VOLUME  79      NUMBER  4 


25  CEIVTS 


Westinghouse 


Even  at  3  in  the  morning...  commuter  service  every  2  minutes 

Urban  planners  figure  the  only  way  to  sohe  the  big-city  traffic  iams  is  to  develop  some 
method  of  mass  transit  that  ^^  ill  be'so  frequent,  so  fast,  so  convenient  that  people  will  turn  to  it 
as  their  No. .  choice,  as  they  did  years  ago.  The  key  to  this  kind  of  nder  convenience  is  a 
computer-controlled  system.  ^       .   ^  i  i     i 

Wesdnghouse  has  developed  such  a  system.  It  is  called  the  Transit  Expressway.  It  looks  o 
promising  the  government  has  approved  a  demonstration  project  near  Pittsburgh,  through  the  Port 
Authority  of  Allegheny  County.  r        ,  ,        u-  i        ;ii 

The  system  uses  its  own  private  roadway.  Silent,  rubber-tired,  comfortable  vehicles  ^^l 
operate  on  the  two-minute  schedule,  day  and  night.  A  computer  ^^■lll  schedule  as  man)  as  .2  of  these 
cars  together  into  a  train  during  peak  periods.  You  can  be  sure ...  if  it's  W  cstinghouse. 
For  information  on  a  career  at  Wenmglwuse,  an  equal  opportunity  employer, 
ivrite  to  L.  H.  Noggle,  Westinghouse  Educational  Dept.,  Pittsburgh  21,  P". 


FROM  THE  LAUNCHING  TO  THE  TARGET,  EVERY 
MAJOR  U  S.  MISSILE  DEPENDS  UPON  SYSTEMS. 
SUB-SYSTEMS  OR  COMPONENTS  DESIGNED. 
DEVELOPED    OR    PRODUCED    BY     BENDIX    TALENTS 


FOUR  OF  THE  U.  S.  SPACE  DETECTIVES  THAT  SPOT, 
SHADOW  AND  REPORT  ON  EVERY  MAN  LAUNCHED 
OBJECT  IN  OUTER  SPACE  DEPEND  ON  EOUIPMENT 
OR    TECHNICIANS.    OR    BOTH.    SUPPLIED    BY    BENDIX 


AT  TAKE-OFF.  IN  THE  AIR.  ON  LANDING  .  .  .  W/HENEVER 
MAN  FLIES.  ITS  LIKELY  BENDIX  EOUIPMENT  MAKES 
HIS  TRIP  SMOOTHER.  SAFER.  BENDIX  HAS  LOGGED 
MORE  FLIGHT  TIME  THAN  ANY   NAME  IN  AVIATION 


EVERY  TIME  YOU  BRAKE  YOUR  CAR,  CHANCES  ARE 
YOU  DEPEND  UPON  BENDIX.  SINCE  1924  BENDIX 
HAS  DESIGNED  AND  BUILT  MORE  BRAKES  FOR  MORE 
DIFFERENT    VEHICLES   THAN    ANY    OTHER    PRODUCER 


TODAY,  AUTOMATED  TAPE  -  CONTROLLED  MANUFAC- 
TURING AS  DLVLLOPED  BY  BENDIX  HELPS  TURN 
BLUEPRINTS  INTO  FINISHED  PRODUCTS,  GETS  PROTO- 
TYPES    INTO     PRODUCTION     FOUR     TIMES     FASTER 


IN    THE     CONQUEST    OF    THE     UNKNOWN.    BENDIX  WHEN    SPACE    TRAVEL    BECOMES   A    REALITY.   PILOTS 

RESEARCH    AND    DEVELOPMENT    IS    EXTENDING  WILL  RELY  ON  DEVICES  CONCEIVED  AND  DEVELOPED 

MAN'S   ABILITY    TO   COMMUNICATE   THROUGH  THE  BY    BENDIX    TO    NAVIGATE.    GUIDE    AND    STABILIZE 

OCEAN  DEPTHS  AS  READILY  AS  THROUGH  SPACE  THEIR  SHIPS,  AND  RETURN  THEM  SAFELY  TO  EARTH 


CREATIVE  ENGINEERING  . . .  Q.E.D. 


The  variety  of  challenges  The  Bendix 
.Corporation  offers  the  college  gradu- 
ate is  practically  unlimited.  Bendix 
participates  in  almost  every  phase  of 
the  space,  missile,  aviation,  elec- 
tronics, automotive,  oceanics  and 
automation  fields.  We  employ  top- 
notch  engineers,  physicists,  and 
mathematicians  for  advanced  prod- 


uct development  to  further  Bendix 
leadership  in  these  fields. 

Bendix  operates  32  divisions  and 
subsidiaries  in  the  United  States, 
and  12  subsidiaries  and  affiliates  in 
Canada  and  overseas.  Our  1950 
sales  volume  was  $210  million.  Last 
year  it  was  over  $750  million. 

Look  over  the  materials  we  have  in 


your  school's  placement  office.  Talk 
to  our  representative  when  he's  on 
campus.  If  you'd  like  a  copy  of  our 
booklet  "Build  Your  Career  to  Suit 
Your  Talents,"  write  Dr.  A.  C. 
Canfield,  Director  of  University  and 
Scientific  Relations,  The  Bendix  Cor- 
poration, Fisher  Building,  Detroit  2, 
Mich.  An  equal  opportunity  employer. 


WHERE  IDEAS 

UNLOCK 

THE  FUTURE 


THE^ifO^r 


FISHER  BUILDING.  DETROIT  2,  MICH. 

THERE   ARE    BENDIX    DIVISIONS    IN:    CALIFORNIA,    MISSOURI,    IOWA.    OHIO,    INDIANA,    MICHIGAN,    PENNSYLVANIA,    NEW  YORK,    NEW  JERSEY,    MARYLAND. 
JANUARY,    1964 


Editor-in-Chief 

Wayne  W.  Crouch 

Assistant  to  tlie  Editor 

Stuart  Umpleby 

Editorial  Staff 

Gan,'  Daymon,  Director 
Ruciy  Berg 
Rebecca  Br\ar 
Tom  Grantham 
Larry  He\da 
Lester  HoHand 
Roger  Johnson 
Richard  Langrehr 
Jay  Lipke 
John  Litherland 
Bill  Lueck 
Hank  Magnuski 
Thelma  ^IcKenzie 
Mike  Quinn 

Production  Staff 

Pat  Martin,  Manager 
Del  Hartfield 


Business  Staff 

Scott   \Vea\er,    Manager 
Phil  Johnson 
Jerry  Ozane 


Circulation  StafF 

Larr\-  Campbell,   Manager 
Paul  Rimington 
Glenn   VanBlaricum 
Travis  Thompson 
Joe  Stocks 
John  Welch 


Photo  StafF 

Tony  Burba,  Manager 
E.  Scott  Hoober 
Da\'e  McClure 
Bob  Sevier 


Advisors 

Robert  Bohl 
Paul  Bryant 
Alan  Kinger}' 
Edwin  McClintock 


THE  ILLINOIS 

TECHXOGRAPII 


Volume  79;  Number  4 


January,  1964 


Table  of  Contents 

ARTICLES 

Your  Job  Interview — Good  or  Bad? Mrs.  Chapman  5 

Recruiting    Practices  and    Procedures 6 

Engineering  for  Education Dean  W.  L.  Everitt  1  4 

The  Great  Challenge Bill  Lueck  1  8 

The  Organized  Elite Roger  Johnson  1  9 

It's  Just  One  Little  Building,  But Becky  Bryar  22 

What  Does  Open  House  Do  for  Me 26 

Alice's  Adventures  in  the  Engineering  Council.  .  .Stuart  Umpleby  27 

Behind    Closed    Doors 27 

Surveying  Gets  the  AX Jay  Lipke  35 

Proposed    Undergraduate   Library Roger   Johnson  38 

FEATURES 

The  Good  Olde  Days Mike  Quinn  1  0 

Technocutie Photos   by  Bob   Seyler  31 

Personality  of  the  Month Rudy  Berg,   Editor  44 

Activities    Calendar 41 

Brickbats  and  Bouquets 55 


Chairman  :  J.  Gale  Chumley 

Louisiana  Polytechnic  Institute 

Ruston,  Louisiana 

Arkansas  Engineer,  Cincinnati  Coopera- 
tive Engineer.  City  College  Vector,  Colo- 
rado Engineer.  Cornell  Engineer.  Denver 
Engineer,  Drexel  Technical  Journal  Georgia 
Tech  Engineer,  Illinois  Technograph,  Iowa 
Engineer,  Iowa  Transit,  Kansas  Engineer, 
Kansas  State  Engineer,  Kentucky  Engineer, 
Louisiana  State  University  Engineer,  Louis- 
iana Tech  Engineer,  Manhattan  Engineer, 
Marquette  Engineer,  Michigan  Technic, 
Minnesota  Technolog,  Missouri  Shamrock, 
Nebraska  Blueprint,  New  York  University 
Quadrangle,  North  Dakota  Engineer,  North- 
western Engineer,  Notre  Dame  Technical 
Review,  Ohio  State  Engineer,  Oklahoma 
State  Engineer,  Pittsburgh  Skyscraper. 
Purdue  Engineer,  RPI  Engineer.  Rochester 
Indicator,  SC  Engineer,  Rose  Technic, 
Southern  Engineer.  Sparton  Engineer. 
Texas  A  &  M  Engineer,  Washington  Engi- 
neer, WSC  Technometer,  Wayne  Engineer, 
and  Wisconsin  Engineer. 


?s-> 


COVER:   FINAL  DREAMS 

Photos  by  E.  Scott  Hoober. 

Photo:  Mike  Quinn. 

Skis  and  ski  poles  compliments  of 

Redwood  and  Ross,  several  frozen  toes  compliments 

of  Mike  Quinn. 


&i1 


Copyright.  1964,  by  Illini  Publishing  Co.  Published  eight  times  during  the  year 
(October,  November,  December,  January,  February,  March,  April  and  May)  by  the 
Illini  Publishing  Company.  Entered  as  second  class  matter,  October  30,  1920,  at  the 
post  office  at  Urbana,  Illinois,  under  the  Act  of  March  3.  1879.  Office  48  Electrical 
Engineering  Building.  Urbana.  Illinois.  Subscriptions  S2.00  per  year.  Single  copy  25 
cents.  All  rights  reserved  by  the  Illinois  Technograph.  Publisher's  Representative — 
Littell-Murray-Barnhill,  Inc.,  737  North  Michigan  Ave.,  Chicago  11,  111.,  369  Lexing- 
ton Ave.,  New  York  17,  New  York. 


TECHNOGRAPH 


h  -^^-^ 


Un^  2^ 


In  this  issue 


Are  you  looking  for  a  summer  job  or  interviewing  for  a  permanent 
position?  If  you  are  a  U  of  I  undergraduate  engineering  student, 
chances  are  four  to  one  that  you  fit  one  of  these  two  categories. 
But  will  you  get  a  summer  job  or  the  permanent  position  you  have 
your  heart  set  on?  Probably  not  unless  you  know  exactly  how  to 
approach  your  prospective  employer. 

Interviewing  Practices  and  Procedures  will  give  you  the  thorough 
understanding  of  the  employer's,  the  college's  and  your  responsibility 
in  interviewing.  Mrs.  Pauline  Chapman,  U  of  I  Engineering  Placement 
Officer,  has  used  her  exceptionally  wide  and  comprehensive  knowl- 
edge of  company  requirements  to  add  the  personalized  touches  you'll 
need;  don't  miss  Your  Job  Interview — Good  or  Bad,  It's  up  to  You. 
Read  these  two  articles  closely,  follow  the  advice  and  guide  lines, 
and  we'll  guarantee  you'll  improve  your  chances  of  getting  that  one 
and  only  job.  .  .  .  Oh  yes.  Good  luck! 

Engineering  for  Education,  written  by  Dean  Everitt,  is  this  month's 
thought  piece.  The  problem  of  properly  educating  engineers  is  be- 
coming increasingly  acute,  and  the  problem  of  updating  graduates 
is  equally  disturbing.  Although  the  undergraduate  often  overlooks 
these  problems,  the  future  success  of  any  engineer  is  governed  by 
his  updating  efforts  after  graduation.  As  indicated  in  this  article, 
"engineering  is,  indeed,  a  learning  profession  which  requires  a  plan 
for  a  lifetime  of  such  learning." 

Engineering  Professional  Societies,  Engineering  Honoraries,  Engi- 
neering Council — what  are  engineering  activities,  and  are  they  worth 
your  time?  TEChH  took  a  close  look  at  these  activities,  and  three 
articles  in  this  issue  (A  Challenge,  The  Organized  Elite,  and  Alice's 
Adventures  in  Engineering  Council)  give  an  excellent  inside  view  of 
our  engineering  activities.  To  answer  the  question  "Are  engineering 
activities  worth  your  time?"  TECHH  asked  a  prominent  electronics 
engineer,  an  interviewing  specialist,  and  others  how  valuable  em- 
ployers consider  student  participation  in  such  activities  as  Open 
House.  What  Did  Open  House  Ever  Do  For  Me?  turned  up  some 
very  interesting  replies  .  .  .  replies  you  might  be  glad  or  sad  to  hear 
depending  upon  your  interest  and  participation  in  engineering  ac- 
tivities. 

A  new  monthly  feature.  Personality  of  the  Month,  has  been  ini- 
tiated this  month.  This  feature  will  present  a  variety  of  outstanding 
student,  faculty,  and  alumni  personalities.  Rudy  Berg,  our  Personality 
of  the  Month  Editor,  has  gotten  off  to  a  grand  start  this  month 
with  an  article  by  Mr.  Herman  Krannart,  a  1912  ME  graduate  who 
donated  the  Krannart  Art  museum  to  the  U  of  I.  Your  response  to 
this  feature  will  be  most  welcome. 


JANUARY,    1964 


In  just  a  few  short  months,  those 
new  graduates  spanned  the  dis- 
tance from  the  classroom  to  the 
space  age.  They  joined  with  their 
experienced  colleagues  in  tack- 
ling a  variety  of  tough  assign- 
ments. On  July  20th,  1963, their 
product  went  off  with  a  roar  that 
lasted  two  solid  minutes,  provid- 
ing more  than  1 ,000,000  pounds 
of  thrust  on  the  test  stand.  This 
was  part  of  the  USAF  Titan  III  C 
first   stage,  for  which   United 
Technology  Center  is  the  con- 
tractor. Two  of  these   rockets 
will  provide  over  80%  of  all  the 
thrust  developed  by  the  vehicle. 
Some  of  you  now  reading  this 
page  may  soon  be  a  part  of  that 
program. ..or  a  part  of  other  sig- 
nificant, long-range  programs. 
■  UTC  now  offers  career  oppor- 
tunities for  promising  graduates 
at  the  bachelor's,  master's,  and 
doctoral  levels  in  EE,  ME,  AeroE, 
and  ChE.  Positions  are  impor- 
tant and  offer  personal  and  pro- 
fessional reward  in  the  areas  of 
systems  analysis,  instrumenta- 
tion, data   acquisition,  prelimi- 
nary design,  aerothermodynam- 
ics,  stress  analysis,  structure 
dynamics,  testing,  propellant 
development  and  processing.  ■ 
If  your  idea  of  a  career  in  the 
space  age   includes  joining  a 
young,  vital,  aggressive  com- 
pany... then  get  in  touch  with 
us  now!  If  you  want  to  work  with 
men  who  can  develop  and  build 
a  wide  variety  of  sophisticated 
propulsion  systems,  see  your 
placement  officer  for  a  campus 
interview  or  write  Mr.  Jay  Waste. 

UNITED 
TECHNOLOGY 


SOME  OF 

THE  MEN  WHO 

NORKEB  ON  IT 

WERE  IN 

COllEGES 

IIKEVOURS 

lYEIRIlGO 


CENTER 


R 


P.  0.  Box  358  ■  Dept.  E,  Sunnyvale,  California 

U.S.  Cit.ienship  Required  -  Equal  Opportunily  Employe 


TECHNOGRAPH, 


YOUR  JOB  INTERVIEW  . 

Good  or  Bad? 

-  It's  Up  To  You  - 


Your  campus  job  interview  may  well  be  the  most 
important  20  or  30  minutes  of  )Our  life— if  you  are  well 
prepared.  Tiirough  this  interview  you  may  enter  a  career 
job  that  will  eventually  lead  you  to  a  top  executive  posi- 
tion. But— you  may  lose  the  opportunity  for  the  same  job 
if  you  go  to  the  interview  without  proper  preparation. 

Remember  the  interview  is  a  cooperative  venture— you 
are  looking  for  the  best  job  for  you  and  the  interv ieuer 


by  Mrs.  Pauline  Chapman 

U  of  I  Engineering 

Placement  Officer 

One  of  the  most  delightful  memories  of  every 
U  of  I  engineering  graduate  is  the  personal  help 
he   received   from   Mrs.   Chapman   and   her  staff. 

is  looking  for  the  best  man  for  his  company. 

Follov\ing  are  an  even  dozen  do's  and  an  even  dozen 
don'ts  that  will  help  \ou  prepare  for  this  important 
occasion.  A  more  general  and  inclusive  treatment  of  re- 
cruiting practices  and  procedures  appears  on  pages  6  and 
7.  These  rules  set  down  by  the  American  Societv'  for 
Engineering  Education  are  a  good  introduction  to  your 
interv  iews  this  spring. 


DO 


1.  Beginning  Monday,  Febru- 
ary 3,  pick  up  a  list  of 
scheduled   company   inter- 

_  views     in     the     Placement 
-  Office— 109      Civil      Engi- 
neering   Hall.     After    that 
first  list,  the\'  will  be  a\ail- 
able  e\ery  Friday. 

2.  Keep  the  Placement  Office 
adWsed  of  your  employ- 
ment negotiations. 

3.  Read  all  company  informa- 
tion a\ailable  in  the  Place- 
ment Office.  The  Library 
also  has  some  excellent 
outside  reference  material. 
Thomas's  Register  of 
American  Manufacturers, 
Moody's  Manual,  Standard 
and  Poor's  Corporation 
Records. 
Check 
ments. 


4. 


company     require- 


5.  Interview  only  those  com- 
panies in  which  you  find 
an  interest  and  which  have 
indicated  an  interest  in  a 
man  with  your  back- 
ground. 

6.  Be  prompt  for  the  inter- 
view. 

7.  Dress  as  a  prospective  em- 
ployee— clean,  well- 
pressed  clothes,  shined 
shoes,  haircut. 
Be  alert  and  ask  intelligent 
questions. 

Be  a  good  listener. 
Give     honest,     straightfor- 
ward  answers. 
Sell  your  strong  points. 
Be      polite — remember 
"please"  and   "thank  you" 
are    among   the    most    im- 
portant words  in  tlic  Eng- 
lish  language. 


DON'T 


1.  Don't  do  all  the   talking. 

2.  Don't  immediately  ask 
about  the  possibilit>'  of  a 
military   deferrment. 

3.  Don't  wear  unusual  "off- 
beat" hair  style,  mustache, 
or  beard. 

4.  Don't  ask  about  salary  at 
the  beginning  of  the  inter- 
view. 

5.  Don't  be  overaggressive. 

6.  Don't  smoke  unless  inter- 
viewer suggests  it. 

7.  Don't  withhold  requested 
information. 


It  is  the  function  of  the  Placement 
Office  to  do  everjthing  possible  to 
help  you  during  your  interviews.  We 
welcome  your  questions  and  we  will 
do  our  best  to  give  you  honest  and 
factual  information.  Don't  overlook 
the  facultv— staff  members  are  will- 
ing and  able  to  give  you  valuable 
advice  and  information  about  com- 
panies. Ask  for  advice,  information, 
and  guidance;  evaluate  it,  and  make 


your  own  sound  decision. 

Remember— if  a  particular  em- 
ployer does  not  make  you  an  offer, 
it  does  not  necessarily  mean  you 
have  failed  or  that  you  are  not  quali- 
fied. It  only  means  he  has  found 
others  whom  he  feels  more  nearl)- 
meet  his  requirements.  So  keep  on 
trying  until  you  find  the  right  one. 
It  may  be  hard  to  take  no,  but  it 
only  takes  one  right  yes.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


Don't  brag  about  how 
many  "high  money  offers" 
you  have  already  received. 
Don't  interview  any  com- 
pany without  knowing 
something  of  their  prod- 
uct, sales,  financial  condi- 
tion, etc. 

Don't  prolong  the  inter- 
view— remember  the  inter- 
\iewer  has  a  schedule  to 
maintain. 

Don't    cut    classes    for    an 
interx  iew — remember — you 
m'.ist   graduate  before  you 
can  accept  a  job. 
Don't  be  negative. 


mors  examine  the  Placement  Office  files 
ipanies  with  whom  they  hope  to  inter- 
first  scheduling  list  will  be  available 
ebruary  3. 


I    JANUARY,    1964 


RECRUITING   PRACTICES 


■^. 


Reprinted  with  permission  from  the  pamphlet  "Recruiting  Practices 
and  Procedures — 1959"  published  by  the  American  Society  for  Engi- 
neering Education. 


Foreword 


Certain  recruitment  practices  liave  developed  from  time  to  time, 
in  the  stress  of  competition  for  engineering  graduates,  which  have 
not  been  consistent  with  professional  standards.  In  an  effort  to 
implement  the  best  interests  of  the  engineering  profession,  the 
American  Society  of  Engineering  Education  has  compiled  this 
statement  of  recruiting  practices  and  procedures. 

The  code  has  been  endorsed  by  the  Ethics  Committee  of  the 
Engineer's  Council  for  Professional  Development  and  constitutes 
a  supplement  to  the  ECPD  Canons  of  Ethics.  Its  purpose  is  to  aid 
in  the  development  and  maintenance  of  high  etliical  standards  in 
the  procedures  of  college  recruiting  and  in  the  relations  between 
the  employing  organizations,  college  authorities,  and  college 
students  who  are  engaged  therein. 

The  pamphlet  reprinted  below  can  be  obtained  from  W.  Leigh- 
ton  Collins,  American  Society  for  Engineering  Education,  Univer- 
sity of  Illinois,  for  10  cents  a  copy. 


General  Principles 

It  is  in  the  best  interests  of  students,  colleges  and  employers 
alike  that  the  selection  of  careers  be  made  in  an  objective  atmos- 
phere with  complete  understanding  of  all  the  facts. 

Therefore,  the  recruiting  of  college  students  for  employment 
by  business,  industry,  government  and  education  should  be  car- 
ried out  by  the  employers,  students  and  college  authorities  to 
serve  best  the  following  objectives: 

1.  To  promote  a  wise  and  responsible  choice  of  a  career  by  the 
student  for  his  own  greatest  satisfaction,  minimum  wasteful  turn- 
over and  most  fruitful  long  term  investment  of  his  talents  for 
himself,  for  his  employer  and  for  society. 

2.  To  strengthen  in  him  a  high  standard  of  integrity  and  a 
concept  of  similar  standards  in  the  employing  organizations  of  the 
countrv. 


rs    sign    up   for 


3.  To  develop  in  the  student  an  attitude  of  personal  respon- 
sibility for  his  own  career  and  advancement  in  it,  based  on  per- 
formance. 

4.  To  minimize  interference  with  the  educational  processes  of 
the  college  and  to  encourage  completion  of  the  individual's  plans 
for  further  education. 


Piactices  and  Procedures 
Responsibilities  of  the  employer 

1.  The  employer  should  contact  the  Placement  Office  well 
in  advance  regarding  desired  interview  dates,  broad  categories  of 
eniployinent  expected  to  be  available,  college  degrees  and  other 
pertinent  requirements.  He  should  advise  promjjtly  any  change  in 
his  original  request  or  subsequent  arrangements  with  the  Place- 
ment Office. 

2.  The  employer  should  provide  suitable  literature  to  give 
students  a  true  and  factual  picture  of  the  employing  organization. 
This  material  should  be  supplied  in  sufficient  quantities  and  well 
in  advance  of  the  interviewing  date. 

3.  When  both  the  parent  organization  and  subsidiary  or 
affiliated  organization  conduct  interviews  in  the  same  college,  the 
respective  interviewers  should  explain  clearly  their  missions  and 
the  connections,  both  to  the  Placement  Office  and  to  the  students. 

4.  Not  more  than  two  and  preferably  only  one  interviewer 
representing  an  employer  should  appear  for  each  interview  sched- 
ule. Arrangements  for  more  than  two  interviewers  should  be  made 
in  advance,  and  only  for  reasons  considered  adequate  by  the 
Placement  Office. 

5.  The  Placement  or  other  appropriate  officer  of  the  college 
should  be  advised  in  advance  of  any  plans  for  campus  visits  by 
the  representatives  of  an  employer,  including  alumni  of  the  col- 
lege, to  acquaint  faculty  members  or  students  with  company 
employment  activities  or  opportunities.  Such  representatives 
should  exercise  scrupulous  care  to  avoid  undue  demands  on  the 
time  of  faculty  members  or  students. 

6.  An  employer  who  desires  to  contact  an  individual  student 
at  the  time  of  his  interview  visit  should  communicate  with  the 
individual  well  in  advance,  with  a  notice  to  the  Placement  Office. 

7.  The  interviewer  should  clearly  explain  to  the  Placement 
Office  and  students  any  special  requirements  such  as  the  passing 
of  tests,  physical  examinations,  signing  of  patent  agreements,  or 
if  his  job  is  affected  by  any  union  contract. 

8.  The  interviewer   should  be  punctual.   He  should   tell   the  ■ 
Placement  Office  when  he  will  arrive  as  well  as  his  expected  de- 
parture time.  Every  effort  should  be  made  to  avoid  last  minute  ■ 
cancellations. 

9.  The    interviewer   should   very    carefully    follow   the    inter-  • 
\iew  time  schedule  agreed  upon  with  the  Placement  Office. 

10.  As  soon  as  possible  following  an  interview,  the  employer 
should  communicate  with  the  student  and  the  Placement  Office 
concerning  the  outcome  of  the  interview. 

11.  The  employer  should  give  the  student  reasonable  time  to 
consider  his  offer,  and  in  no  case  should  the  student  be  pressured 
into  making  a  decision  concerning  employment. 

TECHNOGRAPH 


I 


AND  PROCEDURES 


,exf  few  weeks  the  Engineering  Place- 
!  will  become  the  focal  point  for  many 
decisions  by  grocJuating  seniors  and 
npioyees  .  .  .  ore  you  prepared  for 
interview? 


12.  If  the  employer  invites  a  student  to  visit  his  premises  for 
further  discussion  of  employment,  the  \isit  should  be  arranged 
to  interfere  as  little  as  possible  with  class  schedules.  He  should 
explain  what  e.xpenses  will  be  paid,  how  and  when.  Invitations  for 
this  purpose  should  be  made  only  on  an  individual  basis  and  the 
employer  should  avoid  elaborate  entertaining  or  overselling. 

13.  The  eniplo\er  should  not  offer  a  student  special  pa\ments, 
gifts,  bonuses,  or  other  inducements,  nor  should  he  compensate  or 
fa\or  a  third  party  to  pre\ail  upon  the  student  to  accept  an 
employment  offer. 

14.  Emplo\ers  should  not  raise  offers  already  made  except 
when  such  action  can  be  clearly  justified  as  sound  industrial  rela- 
tions practice,  such  as,  when  an  increase  in  hiring  rate  is  required 
on  an  overall  basis  to  reflect  salary  adjustments  in  the  employing 
organization. 

15.  The  employer  should  keep  the  Placement  Office  informed 
concerning  his  interest  in  jiarticular  students  and  his  negotiations 
with  them. 

16.  When  a  student  has  declined  a  job  offer,  the  employer 
should  accept  that  decision  as  final.  If  for  any  reason  the  employer 
wishes  to  re-establish  contact  with  the  student,  he  should  do  so 
only  through  the  Placement  OfiBce. 

17.  The  emplo>er  should  engage  each  student  who  has  accepted 
his  offer  except  when  failure  to  do  so  is  the  direct  result  of 
contingencies  explained  during  the  interview  or  unavoidable 
economic  factors  not  foreseen  when  the  offer  was  made. 


Rcsponsiliilitics  of  the  College 

1.  As  part  of  its  general  obligation  for  the  development  of 
I  the  student,  the  college  should  accept  responsibility  for  stimula- 
I  tion  of  his  thinking  about  his  career  objectives  and  for  assistance 
I  in  overcoming  handicaps  which  may  hinder  his  progress  toward 
objecti\'es  appropriate  for  him.  Competent  counseling  services 
I  should  be  pro\ided  for  this  purpose,  available  to  individual  stu- 
I   dents. 

I  2.  The  Placement  OfiBce  should  inform  employers  concerning 
the  number  of  students  a\ailable  for  interview  in  the  several 
curricula,  and  the  dates  of  graduation.  This  information  should  be 
sent  as  soon  as  it  is  available. 

3.  The  Placement  Office  should  announce  to  students  carl>-  in 
the  school  year  which  employers  will  interview  students  and  when. 
The  Placement  OfiBce  should  make  revised  announcements  from 
time  to  time  as  may  be  necessary. 

4.  The  Placement  OfBce  should  make  emplovnient  literature 
available  to  students  and  faculty. 

5.  When  an  employer  is  looking  for  graduates  in  several 
fields  (e.g.,  engineering,  psychology,  physics)  the  Placement  Office 
should  issue  announcements  to  all  qualified  students  concerned, 
and,  so  far  as  practicable,  should  schedule  interviews  for  those 
who  ex^press  interest. 


6.  The  Placement  Office  should  not  restrict  the  number  of 
interviews  per  student,  except  as  necessary  to  discourage  indis- 
criminate "shopping." 

7.  The  college  should  provide  adequate  space  and  facilities 
for  quiet  and  private  interviews. 

8.  The  Placement  Office  should  provide  interviewers  with 
available  records  of  those  students  in  whom  they  are  interested. 

9.  The  Placement  OfiBce  should  arrange  for  interviewers  to 
meet  faculty  members  who  know  students  personally  and  can 
provide  information  about  their  work  and  qualifications. 

10.  The  Placement  officer  and  faculty  members  should  counsel 
students  but  should  not  unduly  influence  them  in  the  selection  of 
jobs. 

11.  The  Placement  OfiBce  should  make  certain  that  students  are 
acquainted  with  this  statement  of  "Principles  and  Practices  of 
College  Recruiting." 


Responsibilities  of  the  Student 

1.  In  seeking  company  inteniews,  the  student  should  recognize 
his  responsibility  to  analyze  his  interests  and  abilities  and  con- 
sider carefully  his  career  objective  and  appropriate  ways  of  meet- 
ing it.  He  should  read  available  literature  and  consult  other 
sources  for  information  about  the  employer  and  organize  his 
thoughts  in  order  that  he  may  intelhgently  ask  and  answer  ques- 
tions. 

2.  The  student  should  contact  the  Placement  OfBce  well  in 
advance  regarding  desired  interviews  or  cancellations. 

3.  The  student  should  use  care  in  filling  out  such  forms  as 
may  be  requested  in  preparation  for  interviews. 

4.  In  his  interviews,  tlie  students  should  recognize  that  he  is 
representing  his  college,  as  well  as  himself,  and  should  be  punctual 
and  thoroughly  businesslike  in  his  conduct. 

5.  The  student  should  promptU-  acknowledge  an  invitation  io 
visit  an  employer's  premises.  He  should  accept  an  invitation  only 
when  he  is  sincerely  interested  in  exploring  employment  with  that 
employer. 

6.  When  a  student  is  invited  to  visit  an  emplover's  premises  at 
the  employer's  expense,  he  should  include  on  his  expense  report 
only  those  costs  which  pertain  to  the  trip.  If  he  visits  several 
emplovers  on  the  same  trip,  costs  should  be  prorated  among  them. 

7.  As  soon  as  the  student  determines  that  he  will  not  accept  an 
oflFer,  he  should  immediately  notify  the  employer. 

8.  The  student  should  not  continue  to  present  himself  for 
interviews  after  he  has  accepted  an  employment  offer. 

9.  Acceptance  of  an  employment  offer  by  the  student  should 
be  made  in  good  faith  and  with  the  sincere  intention  of  honoring 
his  employment  commitment. 

10.  The  student  should  keep  the  Placement  Office  advised 
concerning  his  employment  negotiations  in  accordance  with  the 
policy  of  his  Placement  Ofifice.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


JANUARY,    1964 


solid  stole  electronksa 


Deico  Means 
Challenge  to 
EdWhittaker 


■  Edward  G.  Whittaker,  III  received  his  BS 
Degree  in  Engineering  Physics  from  Colorado 
University  in  January  of  1963.  Shortly  there- 
after he  joined  the  Research  and  Advanced  De- 
velopment Group  at  Delco  as  a  Physicist. 

As  Ed  puts  it,  "Believe  me,  it's  a  real  chal- 
lenge for  a  guy  fresh  out  of  college  to  see  an 
idea  through  from  the  development  stage  to  the 
finished  product.  Here  at  Delco  in  my  work  on 
materials  for  new  semiconductor  devices  the 
creative  experiences  are  endless — and  the  at- 
mosphere seems  to  encourage  your  best  efforts." 

As  a  college  graduate,  you  too  may  find  excit- 
ing and  challenging  opportunities  in  such  pro- 
grams as  the  development  of  germanium  and 
silicon  devices,  ferrites,  sohd  state  diffusion, 
creative  packaging  of  semiconductor  products, 
development  of  laboratory  equipment,  relia- 
bility techniques,  and  applications  and  manu- 
facturing engineering. 

If  your  interests  and  qualifications  lie  in  any 
of  these  areas,  you're  invited  to  write  for  our 
brochure  detailing  the  opportunities  to  share 
in  forging  the  future  of  electronics  with  this 
outstanding  Delco-GM  team.  Watch  for  Delco 
interview  dates  on  your  campus,  or  write  to 
Mr.  C.  D.  Longshore,  Dept.  135A,  Delco 
Radio  Division,  General  Motors  Corporation, 
Kokomo,  Indiana. 

An  equal  opportunity  employer 


Delco  Radio  Division  of  General  Motors  Corporation 

Kokomo,  Indiana 


TECHNOGRAPH 


PERSONAL 
PROGRESS 

THROUGH 

POWER 


MANAGEMENT 


ADMINISTRATION 


PROJECT  LEADER 


PROJECT  TEAM 


CADET 


WE  DON'T  HAVE  TO  LABEL  MEN  WITH  MANAGEMENT  POTENTIAL. 

...  At  Wisconsin  Electric  Power  Company,  young  engineers  reach  their  management 
potential  more  quickly  because  we  are  quick  to  recognize  and  reward  ability.  Our  dy- 
namic rate  of  progress  demands  men  with  strong  engineering  skills  plus  vision  and  drive 
—  men   who    can   rise    to   administrative   and  management  positions. 

INVEST  YOUR  MANAGEMENT  POTENTIAL  WITH  US 


WISCONSIN    ELECTRIC    POWER    COMPANY 

SYSTEM 

Wisconsin  Electric  Power  Co.        Wisconsin  Michigan  Power  Co.        Wisconsin  Natural  Gas  Co. 

MILWAUKEE,   WIS.  APPLETON,   WIS.  RACINE,   WIS. 


JANUARY,    1964 


eJ'-Q 


\    ®1|^  (Snnft 
mhe  iaga 


Q.J^ 


Several  days  ago,  as  I  was  standing 
over  by  the  new  physics  building 
watching  the  shoring  up  of  the 
mighty  Boneyard  in  progress  there, 
several  thoughts  (as  well  as  a  few 
snowballs  thrown  by  the  irresponsible 
idiots  that  try  to  pose  as  engineers 
on  this  campus)  struck  me. 

Now  I  have  been  somewhat  suc- 
cessful to  date  with  but  a  limited 
education  (C.E.  '35,  '36,  '37,  and 
finally  '38).  Still,  when  graduation 
time  rolls  around,  I  cannot  help  but 
think  that  I  might  have  bettered  my 
lot  (as  if  that  were  possible)  had  I 
attended  graduate  school.  (Yes,  we 
had  graduate  school  back  then;  as  a 
matter  of  fact,  you  see  reprinted  on 
this  page  a  sketch  from  the  January 
1926  issue  of  Technograph  which 
deals  with  that  very  subject.)  But, 
then,  my  present  employment  is  quite 


satisfactory,"  and  I  never  did  like 
those  high-falutin'  administrative  and 
original  research  jobs  anyway. 

We  have,  a  few  problems  at  the 
lower  levels  too,  you  know.  Why,  the 
November  1926  issue  of  Technograph 
proves  that  the  civil  engineer  sixty 
years  ago  had  troubles  that  the  pres- 
ent crop  of  snowball-throwers  would 
never  dream  of,  (or  would  they?) 

Why   ihere    are   so   few   lady   engineers 

...  In  1905  two  girls  were  em-olled 
in  the  depaiimcnt.  They  took  a  hiking 
trip  with  the  instruments,  but  some- 
how tlie  instriunents  would  not  work 
correctly  when  the  girls  were  near 
them.  The  instructor  said  he  had 
often  heard  of  girls  having  magnet- 
ism, but  surely  not  enough  to  affect 
the  compass  needle.  Further  investiga- 
tion caused  the  instructor,  blushingly, 


to  inform  the  girls  that  their  corset 
stays  were  causing  the  trouble. 

/  wonder  tvhat  his  solution  was  .  .  . 


"NOTE:  Chief  Dangerbridge  has  been 
switched  from  his  former  position  as  head 
sidewalk  smasher  to  a  new,  vitally  important, 
research  project  involving  the  effect  of 
sonic  vibrations  on  particles  in  the  Bone- 
yard  which  adhere  to  the  new  pilings  being 
driven  into  the  banks  of  this  river.  You  may 
have  noticed  him  in  his  crane  out  behind  the 
physics  building  raising  a  chunk  of  concrete 
into  the  air  and  suddenly  letting  it  drop  to 
the  ground  near  the  water.  After  repeating 
this  procedure  several  hundred  times  in  suc- 
cession, engineer  Dangerbridge  is  lowered  to 
slightly  below  the  surface  of  the  water 
where  he  takes  sample  scrapings  of  the 
matter  accumulated  on  the  pilings.  These 
scrapings  are  then  analyzed  to  determine 
how  many  particles  have  been  shaken  off  by 
the  dropped  weight.  Dangerbridge  may  be 
seen  hard  at  work  on  any  bright  day.  On 
foggy  days  he  may  be  found  by  tlie  odors 
that  seem  to  stick  with  him  after  submission. 

MLQ 


Now  the  Monsanto  man... 


also  represents . . . 


He's   ready  to  answer  your  career  questions  about 
any  or  all  of  these  outstanding  organizations 


Their  products  range  from  chemicals  to  chemi- 
cal fibers  .  .  .  from  plastic  bottles  to  nuclear 
sources.  Their  diverse  activities  create  oppor- 
tunities in  research,  development,  engineering, 
manufacturing,  and  marketing.  Yet,  because 
each  is  an  important  member  of  the  Monsanto 
corporate  family,  the  Monsanto  Professional 
Employment  representative  coming  to  your 
campus  is  fully  prepared  to  give  you  complete 
facts  on  any  or  all  of  them  .  .  .  show  you  where 
you  may  fit  in. 

You  will  have  a  better  opportunity  to  learn 
more  about  us  .  .  An  a  single  interview.  See 


your  Placement  Director  now  to  set  up  that 
interview  when  we  visit  your  campus  soon. 
Or,  write  for  our  new  brochure,  "You  And 
Monsanto,"  to  Manager,  Professional  Recruit- 
ing, MONSANTO,  St.  Louis,  Missouri  63166. 


Monsanto 


AN    EQUAL   OPPORTUNITY    EMPLOYER 


JANUARY,    1964 


11 


Opportunities  at  Hughes  {or  EE's  — Physicists  — Scientists: 

from  the  ocean  floor  to  the  moon. ..and  beyond 


Hughes  sphere  of  activity  extends  from  the  far  reaches  of  outer  space  to  the  bottom 

of  the  sea  . . .  includes  advanced  studies,  research,  design,  development  and  produc- 
tion on  projects  such  as:  ©  SURVEYOR  — unmanned,  soft-landing  lunar  spacecraft 
for  chemical  and  visual  analysis  of  the  moon's  surface;  (2)  SYNCOM  (Synchronous- 
orbit  Communications  Satellite)— provides  world-wide  communications  with  only  three 
satellites;  ®  F-111B  PHOENIX  Missile  System— an  advanced  weapon  system  designed 
to  radically  extend  the  defensive  strike  capability  of  supersonic  aircraft;  ©Anti- 
iCBM  Defense  Systems  — designed  to  locate,  intercept  and  destroy  attacking  enemy 
ballistic  missiles  in  flight;  ©Air  Defense  Control  Systems—  border-to-border  con- 
trol of  air  defenses  from  a  single  command  center  —  combines  3D  radar,  real-time 
computer  technology  and  display  systems  within  a  flexible  communications  network; 
®  3D  Radar— ground  and  ship-based  systems  give  simultaneous  height,  range  and 
bearing  data— now  in  service  on  the  nuclear-powered  U.S.S.  Enterprise;  ©POLARIS 
Guidance  System  —  guidance  components  for  the  long-range  POLARIS  missile; 
®    Hydrospace  —  advanced  sonar  and  other  anti-submarine  warfare  systems. 

Other  responsible  assignments  include:  TOtV  wire-guided  anti-tank  missile,  MTE  automatic  checl<- 

out  equipment.  Hard  Point  defense  systems R&D  worl<  on  ion  engines,  advanced  infrared  systems, 

associative  computers,  lasers,  piasma  physics,  nuclear  electronics,  communications  systems,  microwave 
tubes,  parametric  amplifiers,  solid  state  materials  and  devices  . . .  and  many  others. 


B.S.,  M.S.and  Ph.D.  Candidates 

Members  of  our  staff  will  conduct 

CAMPUS  INTERVIEWS 

November  6  &  7,  1963 

Learn  more  about  opportunities  at  Hughes, 
our  educational  programs,  and  the  extra 
benefits  Southern  California  living  offers. 
For  interview  appointment  and  litera- 
ture, consult  your  College  Placement 
Director.  Or  write:  College  Placemen! 
Office,  Hughes  Aircraft  Company,  P.  O. 
Box  90515,  Los  Angeles  9,  California. 

Creating  a  new  world  with  electronics 
I 1 

HUGHES 


U.  S.  CITIZENSHIP  REQUIRED 

An  equal  opportunity  employer. 


You  get  one . . .  then  what? 


Your  first  job  after  college  can  be  a  good 
beginning.  Or  it  can  be  the  first  step  in  a 
succession  of  disappointments.  That's 
why  it's  so  important  that  you  make  the 
right  career  choice  now.  But  how  do  you 
choose? 

You're  young,  enthusiastic,  eager .  . . 
and  you've  worked  hard  to  earn  your 
degree.  You  want  to  make  the  most  of 
your  capabilities.  You  want  plenty  of 
room  to  grow. .  .yet  with  it  all  you'd  like  a 
good  sense  of  security. 

So  take  a  look  at  us  — Phillips  Petro- 
leum Company.  By  industry  standards, 


we're  young.  We,  too,  are  enthusiastic— 
and  we've  been  growing  rapidly.  This 
enthusiasm,  plus  curiosity,  and,  some- 
times just  plain  hard  work  have  led  us 
profitably  into  many  diverse  fields— agri- 
cultural chemicals— atomic  energy- 
plastics— rubber— specialized  chemicals 
. . .  with  more  coming  to  complement  our 
line  of  conventional  petroleum  products. 

We  feel  the  success  of  our  work  rests 
with  the  dedicated  people  we  have,  in- 
cluding thoughtful  young  men  like  your- 
self—with plenty  of  ambition  and  a  good 
grasp  of  their  basic  discipline.  Men  like 


that  really  enjoy  working  for  us.  And 
nothing  pleases  us  more  than  promoting 
our  own  people  from  within. 

Whatever  your  specialty— from  re- 
search to  sales  — check  your  campus 
placement  office  for  an  Interview  or  write 
to  us  today. 

PHILLIPS  PETROLEUM  ('^Simps^ 
COMPANY 


BARTLESVILLE,  OKLAHOMA 

An  equal  opportunity  employer 


'JANUARY,    1964 


13 


About  a  century  ago,  the  industrial 
revolution  and  other  forces  created  a 
need  for  organization  of  the  intel- 
lectual content  of  the  expanding 
technology.  .  .  While  engineering 
schools  had  been  known  before  that 
time,  the  need  for  their  broader  de- 
velopment was  recognized  most  viv- 
idly in  the  United  States.  .  . 

But  .  .  .  sixty  years  later  one  stUl 
found  that  only  about  half  of  the  prac- 
ticing engineers  were  college  gradu- 
ates. In  fact,  at  the  time  I  graduated 
from  college,  one  commonly  met  skep- 
ticism as  to  whether  a  college  edu- 
cation was  necessary  to  be  a  good 
engineer,  or  even  an  optimum  use  of 
a  young  man's  time,  which  many  felt 
might  have  been  better  used  to  gain 
practical  experience  in  the  "college 
of  hard  knocks."  The  ingenious  in- 
ventor was  still  regarded  as  tlie  most 
productive  innovator.  Westinghouse, 
Marconi,  Edison,  and  Ford  were  con- 
sidered by  most  men  to  be  the  leaders 
in  the  profession  of  engineering- 
men  who  were  self-educated  and  de- 
pended on  intuition  and  repeated 
trial  and  error.  .  . 

But  also  by  the  early  part  of  this 
century  a  new  force  was  developing. 


ENGINEERING 
FOR 


EDUCATION 


ing  and  industry  by  the  application 
of  scientific  knowledge  to  the  devel- 
opment of  new  services  and  products 
for  the  welfare  and  enjoyment  of 
mankind. 

This  revolution,  as  it  spread 
tliroughout  engineering,  has  been 
criticized  by  many  as  not  moving  fast 
enough,  but  it  has  been  criticized 
equally  by  others  as  moving  too  fast. 
.  .  .  The  impact  of  solid-state  physics 
on  materials,  of  new  concepts  in  ener- 
gy processing,  of  feedback  in  automa- 
tion, of  new  methods  of  instrumen- 
tation, of  atomic  energy,  of  rocket 
propulsion,  of  the  use  of  satellites  for 
navigation  and  communication,  and 
most  of  all,  of  the  use  of  the  computer 
as  a  means  of  optimization  and  ap- 
proach   to    engineering    design,    has 


This  speech,  given  here  in  a  shortened  version,  presents  Dean  Everitt's  view  of  the 
changes  necessary  in  engineering  education.  The  Dean  suggests  that  these  ideas  must 
be  implemented  within  the  next  few  years  to  meet  tlie  increasing  demands  of  tech- 
nology. The  speech  was  presented  by  Dean  Everitt  at  the  National  Electronics  Con- 
ference, in  Chicago,  on  October  30,  when  he  received  the  Mervin  J.  Kelly  Medal  in 
Telecommunications  and  Eminent  Membership  in  Eta  Kappa  Nu. 


frequently  referred  to  as  the  scientific 
revolution.  One  may  recognize  two 
distinct  aspects  of  this  scientific  revo- 
lution. The  first  is  the  eruption  in  the 
physical  sciences  through  the  devel- 
opment of  the  quantum  and  relativ- 
ity concepts  of  Planck,  Einstein,  Bohr, 
de  Broglie,  Schroedinger,  Paul,  Fermi, 
et  al.  A  second  and  equally  explosive 
idea  was  that  science  and  organized 
research    could    transform    engineer- 


been  felt  in  all  branches  of  engineer- 
ing. 

Now,  engineering  teachers  quite 
generally  recognize  that  modern  as 
well  as  classical  science  has  great  im- 
portance in  the  education  of  all  mem- 
bers of  our  profession  and  will  have 
an  even  greater  potential  for  the  en- 
gineering of  the  future.  I  believe  that 
the  computer  alone,  with  its  wide  ap- 
plication in  engineering  and  in  many 


by 

Dean 

W.  L  Everitt 


t966 


other  fields,  represents  a  step  function 
in  the  processing  of  information  that 
can  only  be  compared  to  the  inven- 
tion of  movable  type  by  Gutenberg 
in  the  15th  Century,  which  made  the 
modern  book  and  magazine  possible. 

In  spite  of  the  fact  that  engineering 
is  one  of  the  oldest  professions,  .  .  . 
it  was  decades  after  the  onset  of  the 
industrial  revolution  before  our  nation 
or  other  nations  began  to  develop  an 
adequate  form  of  education  for  engi- 
neering to  meet  its  needs.  Finally, 
society  recognized  that  the  revolution 
called  for  a  radical  new  approach  in 
the  training  required  by  engineers— 
a  change  in  our  whole  educational 
system.  Now  the  scientific  revolution 
is  demanding  equally  revolutionary 
changes  in  our  concepts  of  the  needs 
of  engineering  education. 

.  .  .  The  time  has  come  to  look  at 
the  needs  of  engineering  education 
on  a  much  broader  basis  than  ever 
before.  In  other  words,  I  am  asking 
tlie  question:  While  we  have  devoted 
much  effort  to  "Education  for  Engi- 
neering," have  we  applied  the  proper 
amount  of  effort,  ingenuity,  and  per- 
ception to  "Engineering  for  Edu- 
cation"? 


14 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Last  year,  in  a  paper  before  the 
j  American  Societ}'  for  Engineering 
Education,  I  said,  "Engineering  is 
not  merely  a  learned  profession— it  is 
a  learning  profession— a  calling  whose 
practitioners  must  first  become  and 
then  remain  students  throughout  their 
aeti\e  careers."  This  is  a  truism  of 
such  general  acceptance  that  it  al- 
most becomes  trite.  Yet  I  do  not 
think  we  ha\e  paid  enough  attention 
to  the  problems  indicated  b\-  the  com- 
bination of  tliis  concept  with  the  ex- 
plosive contributions  of  the  scientific 
revolution.  If  we  really  engineer  for 
education,  we  must  plan  better  for 
the  lifetime  needs  of  the  members  of 
our  profession.  .  .  .  Hence,  consider- 
able attention  has  been  devoted  to 
programs  of  "continuing  education," 
to  combat  what  has  been  termed 
"human  technological  obsolescence." 
During  the  past  decade,  much  of 
this  effort  has  been  expended  on  the 
development  of  out-of-hour  courses, 
both  with  and  without  academic  cred- 
it for  ad\anced  degrees.  But  much  of 
the  emphasis  on  part-time  graduate 
programs  has  been  based  on  a  notion 


1967 


that  a  certain  amount   of  additional 
I  course  work  during  the  earh-  indus- 
trial life  of  a  practicing  engineer  will 
'  bring  him   up   to  a  point  where  he 
I  can  continue  his  education  in  the  fu- 
ture on  his  own.  They  are  also  based 
on  the  concept  that  young  men  can 
be  induced  to  drive  themselves  to  the 
'  limit   of   endurance,    sacrificing   both 
their  families  and  their  participation 
in  communit}-  affairs,  so  long  as  they 
'  see  a  tangible  goal  whose  attainment 
will  w'arrant  relaxation  in  the  not  too 
distant  future.  Personally,  I  do  not  be- 
i  lieve  these   programs   will   serve   the 
I  needs  for  the  engineering  careers  of 
i  the   future.    In   fact,   the\-   ma\-    well 
;  dissipate  efforts  which  could  be  better 
I  applied  in  other  directions. 

The   time   has    come    to    recognize 
that  e\en  the  indi\-idual  who  receives 


a  Ph.D.,  or  continues  for  an  imme- 
diate period  after  the  receipt  of  such 
a  degree  into  post-doctorate  study, 
will  not  be  able  to  meet  the  needs  of 
the  future  without  additional  formal 
education  as  science  moves  forward 
at  an  accelerating  pace. 

The  Quaker  philosopher.  True- 
blood,  has  said. 

The  terrible  danger  of  our  time  con- 
sists in  the  fact  that  ours  is  a  cut- 
flower  civilization.  Beautiful  as  cut 
flo\\ers  ma\'  be,  and  much  as  we  may 
use  our  ingenuity-  to  keep  them  look- 
ing fresli  for  a  while.  the\'  will  even- 
tually die,  and  they  die  because  they 
are  se\ered  from  theu"  sustaining 
roots. 

Trueblood  was  commenting  upon  the 
lack  of  religious  and  moral  roots  in 
our  modern  ci\'ilization,  and  his  view 
deserves  the  consideration  of  think- 
ing men  in  its  original  contex"t.  But 
I  am  quoting  his  comment  because  it 
is  also  important  that  we  do  not  have 
"cut-flower  engineers"  in  our  indus- 
trial organizations,  in  government,  or 
in  our  universities.  Unless  these  engi- 
neers maintain  tap  roots  which  can 
pick  up  and  deliver  intellectual  nour- 
ishment from  the  constant  flow  of 
knowledge  welling  up  through  re- 
search and  de\-elopment,  the\'  too  will 
eventual])-  sicken  or  die  as  effective 
members  of  our  profession. 

All  tliis  clearh"  indicates  to  me  that 
engineering  career  planning  in  the 
future  must  pro\ide  for  periods  of 
formal  intellectual  interaction  with  in- 


formed associates  or  teachers,  periods 
devoted  primarily  to  the  learning 
process  and  distributed  fairly  regu- 
larly throughout  the  lifetime  of  a  pro- 
fessionalh'  acti%e  engineer.  And  while 
an  engineer  should  e.xpect  to  partic- 
ipate in  a  lifetime  of  hard  work,  as 
well  as  intellectual  activity,  I  do  not 
believe  he  can  be  most  productive  if 
his  employer  assumes  that  the  needs 
of   intellectual   rejuvenation   are    pri- 


marily the  employees'  responsibility, 
to  be  taken  out  of  the  hide  of  the 
individual. 

In  the  future,  the  industries  func- 
tioning in  the  rapidly  developing 
areas  based  upon  research  and  new 
knowledge  must  accept  the  fact  that  a 
part  of  the  cost  of  doing  business  will 
be  to  release  time,  and  appreciable 
amounts  of  time  of  their  engineers 
and  scientists  over  periods  of  weeks, 
months,  or  even  a  year.  This  will  be 
a  cost  of  doing  business,  which  can 
and  should  be  treated  like  any  other 
cost  in\olved  in  an  engineering 
product. 

This  is  not  an  entirely  new  concept. 
Universities,  and  particularly  the 
stronger  ones,  have  long  recognized 
the  desirability  of  the  "sabbatical 
year."  In  such  universities  these  are 
not  considered  an  earned  vacation 
and,  in  fact,  are  commonly  not 
granted  if  the  faculty  member  so  con- 
siders them.  Rather,  they  are  periods 
for  intellectual  regeneration  which  re- 
turn a  dividend  to  the  university  as 
well  as  to  the  individual  in  renewed 
intellectual  vigor  and  capability. 

A  broad,  nation-wide  program  for 
the  continuing  engineering  education 
should  involve  an  interchange  of  per- 
sonnel, not  only  between  university 
and  industn,',  but  also  between  indus- 
try' and  industry.  Some  of  the  difficult 
questions  involved  in  implementing 
such  an  exchange  may  well  be  patent 
and  trade  secret  problems,  and  I  do 
not  mean  to  brush  them  off  as  inconse- 
quential. But  I  feel  that  programs  of 
this  t^-pe  are  part  of  the  needs  of 
engineering  for  education. 

...  if  we  really  engineer  for  edu- 
cation, we  \\iU  not  simply  pile 
advanced  programs  on  advanced 
programs  without  considering  wheth- 
er our  present  base  is  the  proper  one. 
(Continued  on  page  49) 


JANUARY,    1964 


15 


a  man 
likes  to 
get 

involved 
in  his  job 


Involvement  is  what  you  are  offered  at 
Collins.  A  chance  to  work  on  projects 
you  can  get  your  teeth  into.  A  chance 
to  work  with  some  of  the  best  engineers 
in  the  business.  A  chance  to  learn,  to  de- 
velop your  talent  and  ability  with  guid- 
ance from  experienced,  creative  profes- 
sionals. 

This  involvement  is  demanding — but 
we  are  looking  for  the  graduate  who 
won't  settle  for  anything  less...who  won't 
be  satisfied  unless  he  puts  something  of 
himself  into  everything  he  does.  We 


want  the  man  who  can  come  to  grips 
with  a  problem  and  solve  it.  Sometimes 
alone.  Using  his  knowledge,  his  initia- 
tive, his  imagination,  his  creative  talent. 

The  scope  of  our  work — Data  Process- 
ing, Space  Communications,  Avionics, 
Microwave,  Antenna  Systems  and  HF, 
VHF  and  UHF  communication — offers 
graduates  of  this  caliber  every  opportun- 
ity for  growth,  involvement,  job  satisfac- 
tion. 

Contact  your  college  placement  office 
for  full  information. 


COLLINS  RADIO  COMPANY 

Cedar  Rapids.  Iowa   •   Dallas,  Texas 
Newport   Beach,  California 


COLLINS 


An  equal  opportunity  employer 


16 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Problem  Solvers  Wanted 


How  do  you  guide  a  manned,  maneuverable  re-entry  vehicle 
to  a  routine  landing  .  .  .  from  200  miles  up,  10,000  miles  out? 

What  are  the  basic  system  requirements,  the  operational  con- 
cepts of  a  Recovery  Control  Center?  What  limits  and  tolerances 
will  exist  for  each  stage  of  the  recovery  process  (re-entry,  hyper- 
sonic flight,  terminal  approach,  etc.)?  What  are  the  flight  param- 
eters, the  human  factors?  What  is  needed  in  the  way  of  vehicle 
energy  management,  ground  guidance,  range  instrumentation, 
data  processing,  data  handling,  display,  communications,  tra- 
jectory analysis,  information  flow  analysis? 

These  are  typical  of  the  problems  challenging  young  engineers 
and  scientists  at  Raytheon  in  an  exciting  variety  of  advanced 
projects.  For  EE's,  math,  and  physics  majors  —  in  all  the  varied 
fields  of  engineering  and  science  —  Raytheon  offers  unlimited 
opportunity  for  growth  and  continuous  advancement. 

Personal  career  development  is  encouraged  by  a  wide  variety 


of  educational  assistance  .  .  .  seminars,  special  courses  to  meet 
individual  needs,  and  work-study  programs  leading  to  advanced 
degrees  from  renowned  universities  are  all  available. 

You  may  well  qualify  for  one  of  the  exciting,  career-building 
projects  underway  at  Raytheon.  Originality,  imagination,  and 
high  technical  competence  are  your  tools  —  the  rewards  are 
prompt  and  appropriate  for  success. 

For  detailed  information,  arrange  an  on-campus  interview 
through  your  placement  director  or  write  G.  W.  Lewis,  Manager 
of  College  Relations,  Raytheon  Company,  Executive  Offices, 
Lexington,  Mass.  02173.  An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer. 

Raytheon  offers  opportunities  for  BS,  MS,  and 
Ph.D.   levels   in    Solid    State    /    Microwave    Electronics   / 
Infrared  /  Lasers  /  Communications  &  Data  Processing  /  Radar 
/   Missile  Systems  /   Sonar  /   Electron  Tube  Technology  / 
Underwater  Technology 


RAYTHEON 


JANUARY,    1964 


17 


THE    GREAT 
CHALLENGE 


by  Bin  Lueck,  EE— L.A.S.  '67 


As  the  peoples  of  the  world  must 
learn  to  look  beyond  the  common  and 
expected,  engineers  are  constantly 
challenged  to  reach  beyond  the  nor- 
mal textbook  study  and  into  the  dy- 
namic field  of  engineering  itself. 

Helping  to  meet  the  challenge  of 
continuing  education  are  the  engi- 
neering professional  societies  which 
an  engineer  normally  joins  while  still 
a  student.  The  student  engineering 
societies,  well  over  a  dozen  at  the  U 
of  I,  are  groups  of  people  bound 
together  by  a  common  interest  in  a 
particular  field  of  engineering. 

How  do  these  student  societies  meet 
this  challenge?  In  such  an  everchang- 
ing  society  as  ours,  technological  ad- 
vances catapult  upon  each  other  in  a 
formidable  avalanche  of  new  knowl- 
edge. The  engineer  is  expected  to  be 
up  to  date  in  the  very  latest  tech- 
niques and  processes.  Textbooks  can- 
not possibly  provide  this  infomiation. 
Here  is  where  engineering  societies 
provide  one  of  their  most  valuable 
services.  By  bringing  top-flight  speak- 
ers from  various  industries,  research 
organizations,  and  the  government  to 
the  campus,  the  societies  are  able  to 
inform  their  members  of  recent  devel- 
opments and  research  projects  as  well 
as  present  new  information  on  existing 


fields  of  study.  Hence,  a  member  en- 
gineer is  often  better  qualified  and 
more  able  to  accept  responsible  posi- 
tions in  industry. 

As  most  engineering  students  real- 
ize, an  actual  job  is  certainly  different 
from  classroom  study  of  a  problem. 
Few  academic  courses  present  the 
professional  side  of  engineering.  What 
arc  the  ethical  and  non-ethical  prac- 


AMERICAN 
SOCIETY  OF 

CIVIL 
ENGINEERS ' 
'  FOUNDED 
'  1852  ' 


tices  in  engineering?  Should  engi- 
neers be  unionized?  How  related 
should  engineers  be  to  world  prob- 
lems? These  are  a  few  of  the  questions 
raised  and  discussed  by  qualified 
teachers  and  representatives  of  var- 
ious  companies   and  organizations. 

Engineering  societies  provide  a 
chance  for  students  to  meet  their 
fellow  students  and  teachers,  and  to 
become  better  acquainted  with  them. 


And  perhaps  more  important,  so- 
cieties offer  unparalleled  opportuni- 
ties to  increase  contacts  with 
professional  practicing  engineers. 
Usually,  membership  in  the  student 
chapter  of  a  society  entitles  the  stu- 
dent to  attend  the  adult  society  meet- 
ings as  well.  Here,  too,  a  great  many 
professional  contacts  can  be  made. 

At  the  same  time,  societies  provide 
an  excellent  atmosphere  for  the  ex- 
change and  nourishment  of  ideas, 
aid  in  the  development  of  attitudes 
and  habits  essential  to  the  profession, 
and  help  the  student  form  his  per- 
sonal code  of  ethics,  a  big  step  toward 
success  as  a  practicing  engineer. 

In  addition,  a  major  benefit  comes 
to  participants  from  the  development 
of  initiative  and  originality  in  plan- 
ning and  carrying  out  the  student 
program.  The  students  and  faculty 
sponsors  are  responsible  for  planning 
all  chapter  activities.  Each  meeting  is 
designed    to    encourage    professional 


thinking  and  develop  leadership 
ability'. 

Other  goals  of  some  engineering 
societies  include  studying  local  prob- 
lems related  to  their  field,  encour- 
aging expansion  of  facilities  at  the 
University,  and  stimulating  general 
interest  in  their  particular  engineering 
field. 

What  do  the  professional  engineer- 
ing societies  do  to  meet  their  chal- 
lenge? The  answer  has  already  been 
given.  Almost  every  society  con- 
ducts either  bi-weekly  or  monthly 
meetings  to  which  a  guest  speaker, 
well  versed  in  some  pertinent  topic, 
is  invited.  Movies  and  other  illustra- 
tive material  are  often  used. 

As  is  shown  in  the  goals  presented 
above,  societies  are  not  interested  ex- 
clusively in  facts.  A  large  part  of  the 

(Continued  on  page  41) 


18 


TECHNOGRAPH 


THE    ORGANIZED 
ELITE 


Roger  Johnson,  EE  '66 


Excellent  grades,  good  leadership, 
outstanding  character,  and  good  cam- 
pus citizenship  —  they  all  add  up  to 
the  high  qualifications  of  the  organ- 
ized elite.  Their  purpose  is  serious, 
yet  their  members  are  congenial,  wit- 
ty, and  above  all  the  "cream  of  the 
crop"  on  the  Engineering  Campus. 
Yes,  they  have  a  right  to  be  proud 


eral  and  engineering  at  Illinois,  or- 
ganize tours  of  various  research 
facilities,  and  constnict  displays. 

Some  of  the  honoraries  confer  vari- 
ous scholarsliip  awards;  Chi  Epsilon, 
for  example,  gives  the  Morrow  Award 
to  the  civil  engineering  sophomore 
\\'ith  the  highest  scholastic  average. 
Tau  Beta  Pi  places  its  annual  "out- 


—  the_\-  are  the  dozen  engineering 
honorary  societies  on  campus. 

The  engineering  honor  societies  at 
Illinois  are  actively  pursuing  a  num- 
ber of  worthwhile  activities.  Their 
primary  goal  is  the  continued  better- 
ment of  the  engineering  profession 
and  its  institutions  by  recognizing 
distinguished  scholarship  and  attain- 
ment along  with  qualities  of  charac- 
ter. Included  in  their  efforts  are 
employment  and  placement,  scholar- 
ship awards,  communication  and  co- 
operation within  the  profession,  pro- 
motion of  college  activities,  and 
improvement  of  course  instruction 
through  constructive  criticism. 

Practically  every  honor  societ\',  for 
instance,  participates  in  Engineering 
Open  House.  They  distribute  infor- 
mation (especially  to  high  school 
students)    about  engineering  in  gen- 


standing  freshman  award"  upon  the 
individual  who  has  shown  superior 
ability  and  potential  in  his  freshman 
year  of  engineering. 

Membership  requirements  differ  to 
some  extent  in  each  society.  The  list 
on  page  52  shows  the  requirements  for 
membership  in  each  of  the  engineer- 
ing honoraries  on  the  U  of  I  cam- 
pus. Invitation  for  membership  is 
automatic;  don't  call  them,  they'll  call 
\ou.  Scholastic  eligibility  is  not  the 
only  qualification  —  character,  leader- 
ship, and  initiative  are  also  consid- 
ered. Selection  of  new  members 
(often  preceded  by  an  interview)  is 
usually  by  vote  of  the  active  mem- 
bers of  the  organization. 

Indeed,  it  is  an  honor  to  be  se- 
lected for  membership  in  the  organ- 
ized elite.  It  is  a  worthwhile  goal  for 
c\'ery  undergraduate  to  look  forward 
to— provided  he  is  qualified.       ♦  ♦  ♦ 


V/. 


\ 


n 


JANUARY,    1964 


19 


TURBOPROP  ENGINE  FOR  LIGHT 

AIRCRAFT 


This  600  horsepower  turboprop  engine  is  designed  to  power  the  new  generation  of  light,  fixed  wing 

aircraft  for  both  civil  and  military  applications.  •  The  Garrett-AiResearch  TPE-331  has  a  specific 

fuel  consumption  of  .62  pound  per  shaft  horsepower-hour,  and  a  weight  to  power  ratio  of  .45  pound  per 

horsepower.  The  engine  has  a  response  rate  from  flight  idle  to  full  power  of  approximately  1/3  of 

a  second.  A  military  version  has  been  designated  the  T76  by  the  U.S.  Navy.  •  Designed  specifically  as  a 

prime  power  plant,  the  model  331  is  backed  by  the  company's  experience  in  producing  over  10,000  gas 

turbine  engines.  •  The  Model  331  engine  is  programmed  for  additional  performance  growth.  The  turboshaft 

version  (TSE-331)  has  been  flight  tested  as  a  power  plant  in  rotary  wing  and  vertical  lift  vehicles. 

For  further  information  about  many  interesting  project  areas  and  career 
opportunities  at  The  Garrett  Corporation,  write  to  Mr.  G.  D.  Bradley  at 
9851 S.  Sepulveda  Blvd.,  Los  Angeles.  Garrett  is  an  equalopportunity  employer. 


THE  FUTURE  IS  BUILDING  NOlAr  AT 


20 


ASRESEARCH 

Phoenix  •  Los  Angeles 

TECHNOGRAPH 


If  I  join 

the  Timken 

Company 

after 

graduation, 

what 

will  they  do 

for  me? 


Every  man  with  any  job  liunting  experience  knows  not  to  ask  tliat  question. 

And  yet,  we  think  it  lias  some  validity.  After  all,  a  man's  growth  can 
depend  as  much  on  the  company  he  works  for  as  the  company's  growth 
depends  on  the  man  (remember,  there  are  no  statues  to  committees). 

So  to  invest  in  your  growth,  and  ours,  every  young  graduate  engineer 
who  joins  the  Timken  Company  spends  from  one  to  four  years  in  one  of 
22  individualized  training  programs. 

Extensive  training 

Instruction  takes  place  on  the  job  and  in  training  sessions.  Later  there  are 
executive  development  programs  at  leading  universities. 

But  don't  misunderstand  us.  The  Timken  Company  is  not  a  graduate 
school.  With  us,  you  earn  as  you  learn. 

As  one  of  our  engineers,  you'll  learn  much  of  what  we  know  about  tapered 
roller  bearings,  or  fine  alloy  steel,  and  their  infinite  applications.  Hopefully, 
you'll  teach  us  something,  too. 

You  can  be  an  indoor-type  working  on  straight  application  engineering, 
research,  testing  and  production.  Or  you  can  be  an  indoor-outdoor-type 
and  work  in  sales  engineering.  It  doesn't  matter — choice  of  assignment  is 
up  to  you. 

Challenging  assignments 

If  you  choose  the  latter  group,  you'll  work  in  automotive,  industrial,  and 
railway  bearing  sales — or  steel  sales — helping  customers  solve  their  engineering 
problems,  which  are  also  ours. 

Some  of  our  recent  efforts:  bearing  engineering  for  a  telephone  cable-laying 
ship  now  crossing  the  Pacific,  the  Alweg  Monorail,  the  world's  tallest  crane 
and  biggest  strip  mining  shovel,  Craig  Breedlove's  Spirit  of  America,  a 
moveable  grandstand  for  the  new  District  of  Columbia  stadium.  Steel  prob- 
lem solving  for  Atlas  missile  silos,  Project  Mohole,  the  latest  Kaman  Heli- 
copters, a  400-foot  crane  boom  and  hundreds  of  automotive  gear  and  die 
applications. 

We  won't  forget  you 

Advancement  is  not  restricted  to  one  department  or  division.  A  steel  sales 
engineer  may  be  transferred  to  automotive  sales  and  from  there  to  Inter- 
national. Whatever  your  job,  we'll  never  forget  where  we've  put  you.  This  is 
one  of  the  advantages  of  working  for  a  company  that  is  the  world's  largest 
producer  of  tapered  roller  bearings  and  a  foremost  producer  of  seamless 
steel  tubing,  but  is  not  the  world's  largest  corporation.  We  employ  about 
20,000. 

The  Timken  Company  has  three  products:  Bearings,  Steel,  Rock  Bits. 
Uses  for  these  products  number  in  the  growing  thousands.  And  there  is 
always  something  new  stirring. 

The  dramatic  switch  of  the  nation's  railroad  freight  cars  to  roller  bearings, 
a  field  we  pioneered,  is  an  example. 

An  international  company 

There  are  31  Timken  Company  sales  offices  in  the  United  States  and  Canada. 
Practically  every  major  city  has  one. 

We  serve  markets  in  119  countries  from  14  manufacturing  plants  located 
in  Australia,  Brazil,  Canada,  England,  France,  South  Africa  and  the  U.S. 
And  we're  still  growing  strong. 

If  you  are,  too,  we'd  like  to  hear  from  you.  Write  to  Department  MC  for 
Career  booklet. 

An  equal  opportunity  employer. 


The  Timken  Roller  Bearing  Company  FB  Canton,  Ohio  44706 


JANUARY,    1964 


21 


Keyholes  and  cracked  window  panes  may  soon  be  a  thing 
of  the  past  if  two  U  of  I  Civil  Engineering  faculty  members 
have  their  way. 


IT'S   JUST   ONE    LITTLE   BUILDING 


BUT  .  .  . 


by  Becky  Bryar,  Aero  '67 


\\t 


y 


a7\ 


It  must  be  radiation-proof,  air 
tight,  and  able  to  withstand  an  in- 
terior pressure  of  76  centimeters  of 
mercury  and  an  exterior  pressure  of 
nearly  zero.  It  must  be  made  of  ma- 
terials which  can  withstand  a  vacuum, 
bombardment  of  meteorites,  tempera- 
ture variation  of  — 183°C  to  1.30°C, 
unusual  stresses  due  to  possible 
"moonquakes,"  and  a  gravity  of  only 
1/6  that  of  the  earth.  Construction 
materials  must  also  be  light  enough  to 
carry  on  a  spaceship  and  durable 
enough  to  survive  take-offs  and  land- 
ings. The  building  must  also  be  easily 
assembled. 

Ridiculous?  Two  U  of  I  Civil  En- 
gineering faculty  members,  Prof.  J. 
P.  Murtha,  and  Capt.  Stewart  W. 
Johnson,  are  considering  this  seeming- 
ly impossible  problem— lunar  struc- 
tures. 

Because  of  the  lack  of  definite 
knowledge  about  the  environment  of 


the  moon,  great,  nearly  impossible, 
tolerances  must  be  met  for  any  lunar 
construction.  Until  more  of  the 
guesses  and  assumptions  about  the 
lunar  environment  can  be  determined 
more  accurately,  factors  like  the  great 
temperature  change  must  be  prepared 
for,  or  the  occupants  of  any  lunar 
structure  would  be  unsafe.  Without 
an  atmosphere  on  the  moon,  any 
building  failure— even  a  slight  punc- 
ture from  a  meteorite  shower  or  a 
crack  from  a  moonquake  (if  these 
exist  at  all)— would  allow  the  inner 
atmosphere  to  escape,  and  the  occu- 
pants would  die. 

Another  problem  is  the  prediction 
of  the  behavior  of  our  elements  in 
a  vacuum  for  a  long  period  of  time. 
Many  elements  and  compounds  com- 
mon in  earth  construction  would  sub- 
lime or  crumble  on  the  moon.  Cement, 
for  example,  cannot  be  used  since 
there  is  no  water  on  the  moon.  Sub- 


stitutes are  being  sought  for  numerous 
construction  materials  used  on  the 
earth. 

Gravity  must  also  be  considered, 
and  the  results  of  its  force  calculated. 
On  the  moon  the  ratios  of  the  weight 
of  an  object  to  be  supported  to  the 
weight  of  its  support  will  certainly  be 
different,  but  how  can  we  test  them? 

Methods  of  construction  or  assem- 
blage must  also  be  considered.  In 
fact,  we  don't  even  know  what  sort 
of  surface  buildings  must  be  built 
on;  it  may  be  volcanic  lava,  a  few 
centimeters  of  dust,  or  several  miles 
of  quicksand-like  dust.  Construction 
personnel  will  be  working  under 
unusual  gravity  conditions,  in  an  ab- 
sence of  atmosphere,  in  unusual 
temperature  ranges,  and  in  possible 
radiation  and  meteorite  showers.  Con- 
ventional tools  such  as  wrenches  may 
prove  useless;  a  construction  worker 
may  find  himself  spinning  around  in 
space  when  he  tries  to  tighten  a  nut 
b\'  conventional  means. 

Such  are  the  problems  facing  Prof. 
Murtha,  Captain  Johnson,  and  other 
civil  engineers  who  are  determining 
the  future  requirements  for  lunar 
structures.  An  entirely  new  branch  of 
civil  engineers  may  be  developing— 
Space-Civil  Engineers.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


22 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Here  are  6  reasons  why  you  should 
spend  at  least  the  next  four  years 
with  us... 


You'll  find  that  at  least  a  few  of 
these  six  advantages  are  exclusive 
with  the  civilian  Navy  generally, 
and  especially  with  the  world- 
renowned  Naval  Ordnance  Labo- 
ratory because  of  its  perenially 
powerful  role  in  government  weap- 
onry research.  No  "Blue  Sky" 
promises  here — you'll  soon  see 
why  these  advantages  make  sense 
individually,  and  why  collectively 
they  represent  a  career  develop- 
ment opportunity  you  really 
should  consider. 

1  Vital  assignments  of  national 
importance 

Whatever  programs  you  may  work 
on  .  .  .  missile  guidance,  weapons 
systems,  re-entry  components, 
underwater  ordnance,  fire  control, 
sonar,  fuzes,  sonobuoys,  nuclear 
explosives,  propellants,  solid  state, 
acoustics,  infrared  .  .  .  you  see 
and  follow  the  big  picture,  from 
initial  concept  to  fleet  acceptance. 
More  than  95  major  weapons  de- 
vices developed  at  NOL  are  in 
fleet  use  today. 

i.  Training  programs  encourage 
Breadth  of  Experience 

During  your  first  year  you  will 
rotate  through  four  assignments 
in  research,  engineering,  and 
evaluation.  This  enables  you  to 
understand  the  whole  and  to  help 
select  a  permanent  assignment 
area. 

3   Wholly-  or  Partly-Paid 
Graduate  Education  Programs 

Various  accredited  graduate  pro- 


JANUARY,    1964 


grams,  both  with  local  institutions 
or  the  university  of  your  choice, 
permit  you  to  attain  your  ad- 
vanced degrees.  Many  courses  are 
held  right  at  NOL,  and  enable 
young  professionals  to  work  full 
time  while  participating.  Most 
such  programs  provide  for  reim- 
bursement of  tuition.  Stipends,  in 
some  cases,  are  available. 

4  Professional  Stature  and 
Future  Opportunity 

NOL  retains  patents  in  the  em- 
ployee's name  for  professional 
purposes,  and  for  commercial 
rights  in  some  instances.  Attend- 
ance at  professional  meetings  is 
encouraged,  and  there  is  ample 
opportunity  to  conduct  founda- 
tional research.  At  the  end  of 
these  four  years,  many  doors  to 
the  future  will  be  open  to  you  .  .  . 
as  a  professional  engineer  with  an 
unusually  strong  R&D  back- 
ground. 

5  Top-Flight  Equipment  & 
Facilities 

Because  so  much  in-house  work 


—$30  MILLION  annually— goes 
beyond  the  existing  and  known, 
NOL  has  many  of  the  finest  re- 
search and  development  facilities 
available  anywhere.  NOL  head- 
quarters spread  over  nearly  1,000 
acres  of  suburban  Maryland  just 
outside  Washington,  D.  C.  (now 
one  of  the  nation's  leading  R&D 
centers).  You  may  also  work  at 
NOL  test  facilities  elsewhere  in 
Maryland,  in  Virginia,  and  Florida 
...  as  well  as  with  the  operating 
units  of  the  fleet. 

6  Reach  the  $10,000  to  $12,000 
level  within  4  years 

New  and  virtually  unknown  is 
the  fact  that  the  new  government 
salary  structure  lets  you  earn  more 
than  $10,000  within  four  years  . . . 
PLUS  all  the  benefits  of  Career 
Civil  Service. 

Watch  for  the  NOL 
representative  on  campus 

If  you  would  like  to  contact  NOL 
directly,  write  to  Mr.  Emil  Kranda, 
Personnel  Officer. 


IMAVAL  ORDNANCE    LABORATORY 


WHITE 

OAK 


SILVER     SPRING,    MARYLAND 


An   Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


23 


Construction  in  Bi 


What  makes  a  Company  "Modern"? 


Not  size.  Not  capital  resources.  Certainly  not 
age.  At  Celanese,  we  believe  it  is  the  degree  to 
which  a  company  is  equipped  to  meet  the  present 
and  future  needs  of  its  customers. 

Efficient  plant.  Contemporary  product.  Aggres- 
sive management.  Industrious  work  force.  The 
ability  to  think  ahead  of  the  situation  and  be  ready 
for  the  problem  when  it  occurs. 

Celanese  happens  to  be  a  young  company.  Much 
more  important,  it's  a  modern  company. 

Perhaps  you're  among  the  men  who  will  help 


keep  us  modern.  If  you  are  trained  in  chemical 
engineering,  electrical  engineering,  mechanical 
engineering,  chemistry,  or  physics,  we  hope  you 
will  stop  in  to  see  our  representative  when  he 
visits  your  campus.  Or  write  directly  to  us,  briefly 
outlining  your  background. 

Address  your  correspondence  to:  Edmond  J. 
Corry,  Supervisor  of  College  Relations,  Celanese 
Corporation  of  America,  522  Fifth  Avenue, 
New  York  36,  New  York.  ceUneae® 

AN  EQUAL  OPPORTUNITY  EMPLOYER 


CHEMICALS    FIBERS    POLYMERS    PLASTICS 


24 


TECHNOGRAPH 


CHALLENGE  IN  CALIFORNIA 

IN  ALL  PHASES   OF  CIVIL  ENGINEERING 


California's  far-flung  state  engineering  projects  are  no  boom-time  enterprises. 
They  are  sustained,  long-range  operations  planned  to  keep  pace  with  the 
continued  growth  of  the  West.  We  ofFer  employment  stability,  good  salaries, 
job  rotation  and  professional  advancement.  Let  us  send  you  illustrated  litera- 
ture and  campus  interview  schedule  of  our  representatives.  Please  state  your 
field.  State  Personnel  Board,  801  Capitol  Mall,  Sacramento,  California  95814. 


JANUARY,    1964 


25 


WHAT  DOES  OPEN  HOUSE 

DO  FOR  ME? 


Technogiaph's  staff  asked  this  ques- 
tion of  various  people,  and  got  some 
interesting  answers. 

A  prominent  electronics  engineer 
with  wide  experience  in  industry,  as 
a  member  of  the  boards  of  directors 
of  various  companies  and  other  engi- 


Everitt,  formed  from  more  than  30 
years  of  experience  in  industry,  teach- 
ing, research,  and  administration.  "If 
we  didn't  feel  that  the  students  bene- 
fitted from  the  effort  they  put  into 
Engineering  Open  House,  we  would 
stop  having  it,"  Dean  Everitt  said. 


Aha!  F  doesn't  equal 


neering  groups,  and  on  several  ad- 
visory committees  of  the  Department 
of  Defense,  said:  "Participation  in  an 
activity  like  Engineering  Open  House 
gives  the  student  invaluable  experi- 
ence as  a  part  of  liis  preparation  for 
a  career  in  engineering.  All  through 
his  professional  life  he  will  have  to 
explain  his  work  to  others— super- 
visors, boards  of  directors,  customers 
for  his  company— and  the  engineer 
who  can  do  this  best  is  the  one  who 
will  be  most  successful.  Open  House 
gives  the  engineering  student  a 
chance  to  get  practical  experience  by 
providing  him  with  an  audience  of  all 
ages  and  levels  of  technical  under- 
standing. It  is  one  of  the  best  experi- 
ences he  could  have  as  a  part  of  his 
engineering  education,  and  the  only 
way  he  can  get  this  experience  is  in 
activities  of  this  kind." 

These  are  the  views  of  Dean  W.  L. 


^\'alking  farther  down  the  corridor 
in  Civil  Engineering  Hall,  we  stopped 
in  the  Engineering  Placement  Office 
and  asked  the  same  question  of  Mrs. 
Pauline  Chapman.  As  head  of  the 
placement  office  for  one  of  the  largest 
of  the  nation's  engineering  colleges, 
Mrs.  Chapman  has  an  exceptionally 
wide  and  comprehensive  acquaintance 
with  the  needs  and  interests  of  com- 
panies that  hire  engineering  gradu- 
ates, and  a  clear  picture  of  what 
becomes  of  engineering  graduates 
once  they  leave  college. 

Mrs.  Chapman  said:  "If  an  engi- 
neer is  to  move  up  the  ladder  in 
industry,  he  has  to  be  able  to  organize 
and  get  things  done.  He  has  to  be 
able  to  work  with  other  people,  direct 
tlie  efforts  of  a  group,  and  carry  proj- 
ects through  to  successful  completion. 
Engineering  Open  House  is  one  of 
the  best  ways  to  get  this  kind  of  ex- 


perience, and  participation  in  Open 
House  is  a  good  way  to  show  inter- 
viewers from  industry  that  you  have 
had  this  kind  of  experience.  Tech- 
nogmph,  by  the  way,  is  another." 

We  thanked  her  for  remembering 
us. 

She  continued:  "Private  companies 
are  always  looking  for  leaders— people 
who  can  get  along  with  others  and 
lead  and  organize  their  activities. 
Technical  competence  is  important,  of 
course,  but  many  interviewers  will 
tell  you  that  they  consider  the  ability 
to  organize  projects  and  work  with 
others  in  carrying  them  out  is  at  least 
as  important  as  technical  ability.  I 
would  say  a  student  who  has  par- 
ticipated in  Engineering  Open  House 
has  a  decided  edge  in  experience  over 
one  who  has  not  taken  part  in  any 
such  activity." 

We  left  Mrs.  Chapman  with  her 
telephone  ringing  and  busy  secretar- 
ies rushing  in  and  out,  and  went  on 
our  way.  If  you  want  more  of  her 
good  advice  on  the  subject  of  getting 
a  job  when  you  graduate,  see  her 
article  on  interviewing  on  page  5. 

We  talked  to  others  about  Open 
House,  and  the  responses,  though  not 
always  as  eloquent,  carried  the  same 
message.  Finally,  going  from  the  sub- 
lime to  the  ridiculous,  we  even  asked 
the  Technograph  staff  why  anyone 
should  bother  to  take  part  in  Open 
House.  Their  response,  as  you  might 
expect,  was  on  a  lower  level,  but  it 
still  contained  a  certain  elemental 
shrewdness.  "There  will  be  prizes  for 
the  best  exhibits,"  they  said.  "Didn't 
you  read  the  November  Technograph? 
Fame  and  fortune  await  the  winners!" 

We  checked,  and  you  know,  they're 
right.  Look  at  the  bottom  of  page  28 
in  the  November  issue  and  follow  the 
contest  rules  on  page  39  of  the  Decem- 
ber issue.  Cash  prizes  totaling  $525 
are  being  awarded.  So  get  busy  on 
your  Open  House  project.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


26 


TECHNOGRAPH 


— '^dvcn  III  res 
(^naineenna 


L^oiincil 


by  Sluort  Umpleby 


The  \va\c  of  enthusiasm  and  daring 
which  lias  swept  engineering  activities 
this  year  is  finally  rousing  Engineer- 
ing Council  from  its  traditional  in- 
activity. 

In  a  way  Engineering  Council  is  to 
the  College  of  Engineering  what  Stu- 
dent Senate  is  to  the  University. 
Council  is  composed  of  two  represen- 
tatives from  each  society  while  Stu- 
ilent  Senate  has  two  representatives 
from  each  district.  Each  body  serves 
as  a  type  of  student  government,  but 
whereas  Student  Senate  conducts  its 
business  tlirough  wTitten  legislation, 
Engineering  Council  fmictions  more 
as  an  executive  organization  to  co- 
ordinate the  student  activities  of  the 
College  of  Engineering. 

The    most    curious    part    of    the 

thing  was,  that  the  trees  and  the 

other    tilings     round    them    never 


changed  their  places  at  all;  however 
fast  they  went,  they  never  seemed 
to  pass  anything.  "I  wonder  if  all 
the  things  move  along  with  us?" 
thought  poor  Alice.  And  the  Queen 
seemed  to  guess  her  thoughts,  for 
she  cried  "Faster!  Don't  try  to  talk!" 

To  make  talking  easier  and  more 
effective.  Engineering  Council  has 
I'stablished  six  standing  committees 
\\  Inch  provide  an  indication  of  the 
programs  widi  which  Council  is  pres- 
ently most  concerned.  Their  success 
or  failure  is  as  yet  undetermined. 
Little  has  been  accomplished,  but 
much  is  being  planned,  and  Council 
is  certainly  more  aware  of  its  prob- 
lems now  than  it  has  been  for  a  long 
time. 

The  Engineering  Open  House  Com- 
mittee is  helping  coordinate  the  Open 
House  weekend  with  otlier  engineer- 
ing activities.  George  Puzey,  the  head 
of  the  committee,  was  Chairman  of 
last  year's  Engineering  Open  House. 

The  St.  Pat's  Ball  Committee  is  con- 
cluding arrangements  for  the  annual 
engineering  dance,  to  be  held  this 
year  on  March  14.  Queen  finalists  and 
knights  are  selected  by  tsvo  specially 
chosen  student-faculty  committees. 
Each  society  may  nominate  one  queen 
candidate  and  two  candidates  for 
knighthood.  Technograph  can  also 
nominate  two  knight  candidates,  and 
Engineering  Council  can  sponsor  five. 


BEHIND     CLOSED     DOORS 

Some  of  the  world's  outstanding  engineering  research  is  conducted  at 
the  University'  of  Illinois.  True  or  False?  This  spring  you  will  have  a  chance 
to  find  out.  During  the  Engineering  Open  House  weekend  many  labora- 
tories will  be  open  to  the  public  (which  includes  undergraduates)  for  the 
first  time. 

Because  of  the  delicate,  expensive,  and  sometimes  dangerous  equipment 
in  these  labs,  the  tours  will  be  limited  to  six  persons  with  a  guide.  Each 
tour  has  been  planned  for  persons  interested  in  a  specific  area  of  engi- 
neering and  who  would  like  to  talk  to  a  professional  in  the  field— a  wonder- 
ful opportunity  for  high  school  students  considering  engineering  and  for 
\J  of  I  undergraduates  who  have  never  seen  the  laboratories. 

You  must  register  in  advance  for  these  tours,  and  the  registration  dead- 
line is  March  1.  Illinois  high  schools.  Junior  colleges,  JETS  chapters,  and 
other  interested  groups  and  individuals  can  obtain  a  list  of  the  labora- 
tories which  will  be  open.  Write  Bob  Phelps,  117  Transportation  Building, 
University-  of  Illinois,  Urbana,  or  call  him  at  3.56-9756.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


ine  queen  or  or.  rats  nan  is  cnosen 
by  vote  during  the  dance,  and  is 
crowned  following  the  knighting  cere- 
mony. 

Early  in  November  the  Instructor 
Rating  Committee  decided  there  was 
not  sufficient  time  to  conduct  an  eval- 
uation during  the  fall  semester.  They 
proceeded  instead  to  study  methods 
of  financing  a  venture  to  change  the 
wording  in  existing  questionnaires  to 
make  them  more  applicable  to  engi- 
neering instructors.  They  also  at- 
tempted to  estimate  the  benefits 
which  could  be  derived  from  conduct- 
ing an  evaluation  for  the  College  of 
Engineering  so  soon  after  last  year's 
University-wide  evaluation  conducted 
by  the  Student  Senate  and  to  decide 
whether  the  cost  and  effort  in\'olved 
could  be  justified. 

Originally  the  Engineering  Council 
evaluation  was  proposed  as  a  result  of 
dissatisfaction  with  the  manner  in 
which  Student  Senate  was  to  publish 
its  result.  Since  Senate  obtained  its 
funds  from  the  administration,  it  nec- 
essarily had  to  comply  with  the  Uni- 
versity's request  diat  the  results  on 
individual  instructors  be  distributed 
only  to  die  instructor,  with  the  de- 
partments receiving  composite  results. 
Vice  President  Bob  Lodygowski  ac- 
curately expressed  the  opinion  of  the 
Engineering  Council  at  the  December 
meeting:  'Tf  the  results  won't  be  dis- 
tributed to  the  administration  and  die 
students,  let's  just  forget  the  whole 
diing." 

But  although  Council  may  not  con- 
duct an  evaluation  at  all  diis  year,  the 
idea  of  students  rating  instructors  is 
as  old  as  organized  education  and  will 
certainly  not  be  dropped  completely. 
However,  Student  Senate  learned  in 
its  recent  evaluation  the  tremendous 
problems  encountered  in  conducting 
one  for  the  entire  University.  Due  to 
the  fact  that  many  departments  and 
individual  instructors  periodically 
conduct  their  own  opinion  polls,  the 
Engineering  Council's  study  may 
result  in  a  proposal  tliat  instructor 
evaluations  in  the  future  be  the  re- 
sponsibility of  the  college  councils. 

The  Intramural  Committee  has  or- 
ganized a  bowling  tournament  among 
the  professional  societies.  The  Sug- 
gestion Box  Committee,  under  chair- 
man Bob  Palm,  spent  the  first  semester 

(Continued  on  page  48) 


JANUARY,    1964 


27 


THERE  WILL  BE  AN  EAGL 


28 


ON  THE  MOON... 


Our  world-recognized  trademark— "the  P&WA  eagle"— has  been 
identified  with  progress  in  flight  propulsion  for  almost  four  decades, 
spanning  the  evolution  of  power  from  yesterday's  reciprocating 
engines  to  today's  rocl<ets.  Tomorrow  will  find  that  same  Pratt  & 
Whitney  Aircraft  eagle  carrying  men  and  equipment  to  the  moon  and 
to  even  more  distant  reaches  of  outer  space. 

Engineering  achievement  of  this  magnitude  is  directly  traceable  to 
our  conviction  that  basic  and  applied  research  is  essential  to  healthy 
progress.  Today's  engineers  at  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft  accept  no 
limiting  criteria.  They  are  moving  ahead  in  many  directions  to  advance 
our  programs  in  energy  conversion  for  every  environment. 

Our  progress  on  current  programs  is  exciting,  for  it  anticipates  the 
challenges  of  tomorrow.  We  are  working,  for  example,  in  such  areas 
as  advanced  gas  turbines  .  .  .  rocket  engines  .  .  .  fuel  cells  .  .  .  nuclear 
power— all  opening  up  new  avenues  of  exploration  in  every  field  of 
aerospace,  marine  and  industrial  power  application. 


The  breadth  of  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft  programs  requires  virtually  every  tech- 
nical talent .  .  .  requires  ambitious  young  engineers  and  scientists  who  can  con- 
tribute to  our  advances  of  the  state  of  the  art.  Your  degree?  It  can  be  a  B.S.,  M.S. 
or  Ph.D.  in:  MECHANICAL  .  AERONAUTICAL  .  ELECTRICAL  .  CHEMICAL  and 
NUCLEAR  ENGINEERING  .  PHYSICS  •  CHEMISTRY  .  METALLURGY  .  CE- 
RAMICS •  MATHEMATICS  •  ENGINEERING SCIENCEor  APPLIED  MECHANICS. 


Career  boundaries  with  us  can  be  further  extended  through  a  corpo- 
ration-financed Graduate  Education  Program.  For  further  information 
regarding  opportunities  at  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft,  consult  your  col- 
lege placement  officer— or— write  to  Mr.  William  L.  Stoner,  Engineering 
Department,  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft,  East  Hartford  8,  Connecticut. 


Pratt  &  Whitney  Rircraft 

CONNECTICUT  OPERATIONS     EAST  HARTFORD,  CONNECTICUT 
FLORIDA  OPERATIONS    WEST  PALM  BEACH,  FLORIDA 


u 

ED  AlP 

P 


DIVISION  OF  UNITED  AIRCRAFT  CORP. 


An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


SPECIALISTS  IN  POWER.. .  POWER  FOR  PROPULSION-POWER 
FOR  AUXILIARY  SYSTEMS.  CURRENT  UTILIZATIONS  INCLUDE 
AIRCRAFT,  MISSILES,  SPACE  VEHICLES,  MARINE  AND  IN- 
DUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS. 


*L 


Whafs  new  at  Bethlehem  Steel  ? 


New  $ 

40-n 

lillion  research  laboratories  in  Bethlehem,  Pa. 

^ 

- 

'■        5 

-,.-  • 

Wtk 

^ft_^ 

3#« 

^M 

1 

b 

■ 

Building  a  $250-million  steel  plant  at  Burns  Harbor,  Ind. 


.^ 


*^ 


Fabricating  and 

erecting  steelwork 

for  World's  Fair 

structures,  including 

the  magnificent 

Federal  Pavilion,     fef 


Producing  thin  tinplate 
on  the  notion's 
newest  tin  mill,  at 
Sparrows  Point,  Md. 


Building  nuclear-powered 
submarines  at  Quincy,  Mass. 


Installing  new 

oxygen  steelmaking 

furnaces  at 

Lackawanna,  N.  Y. 


New  facilities 


Developing  such 
exciting  new  products 
as  steel  foil,  far  thinner 
than  this  page. 


new  products , . .  new  processes. 


All  this  means  career  opportunities  for  alert  and  aggressive  college  grad- 
uates ...  in  steel  plant  operations,  sales,  research,  mining,  shipbuilding, 
fabricated  steel  construction,  and  many  other  activities. 

You  can  get  a  copy  of  our  booklet,  "Careers  with  Bethlehem  Steel  and 
the  Loop  Course,'"  at  your  Placement  Office,  or  by  sending  a  postcard  to 
our  Personnel  Division,  Bethlehem,  Pa. 


BETHLEHEM   STEEL 


BETHIEHEM 

5T  ;el 


An  equal  opportunity  employer 


30 


TECHNOGRAPH 


ocuiie 


Wu. 


K^nsicli 


Did  you  cicr  licar  the  expression  "Euiiincers 
lead  a  dog's  life"':'  Anyone  interested  in  Stuffed 
Animals  301?  Kay's  interests  are  more  academic. 


f    ^ 

^    \  ^ 

Ha 

\\  ith  a  twinkle  for  looks  and  a  spark  for  intelligence, 
Cusick's  campus  activities  vary  from  Dolphin  Queen  Co 
n  and  Paddle  to  Alpha  Lambda  Delta  (scholastic 
Kay,  a  Chi  O,  is  majoring  in  French. 


31 


Engineers 

hi  Choosing  a  Career, 
Consider  these 
Advantages— 


Av 


LoCdtion :  Fisher  is  basically  an  "Engineering' 
company  with  1,500  employees  located  in  a 
pleasant  midwest  community  of  22,000. 
It's  less  than  10  minutes  to  the  Fisher  plant 
from  any  home  in  Marshalltown. 

Type  of  work:  You'll  become  a  member  of 
an  engineering  team  that  has  produced  some 
of  the  outstanding  developments  in  the  field 
of  automatic  pressure  and  liquid  level  controls. 

Growth :  Fisher's  products  are  key  element.'- 
in  automation  which  assures  the  company's 
growth  because  of  the  rapid  expansion  of 
automation  in  virtually  every  industry. 

Advancement:  Your  opportunity  is 
unlimited.  It  is  company  policy  to  promote 
from  within;  and  most  Fisher  department 
heads  are  engineers. 


JE—iii 


If  you  want  to  begin  your  engineering  career 
with  one  of  the  nation's  foremost  research  and 
development  departments  in  the  control  of 
fluids,  consult  your  placement  office  or  write 
directly  to  Mr.  John  Mullen,  Personnel  Director, 
Fisher  Governor  Company,  Marshalltown,  la. 


If  it  flows  through  pipe 
anywhere  in  the  world 
chances  are  it's  controlled  by... 


flSHEK 


32 


TECHNOGRAPH 


I  Reuben  C.  Gooderum,  BSME 
Wisconsin,  1962,  is  shown  examining 
combustion  liners  after  a  thermal 
paint  engine  test  at  Allison  Division, 
General  Motors,  Indianapolis,  Indi- 
ana. Thermal  paint,  developed  by 
Allison,  is  used  to  determine  temper- 
ature gradients  existing  on  engine 
parts. 

Gooderum  is  one  of  the  young  engi- 
neers at  Allison  assigned  to  design 
and  development  of  air-cooled  tur- 
bine engine  hardware.  This  work  in- 
volves rig  testing  of  turbine  engine 
parts  to  determine  optimum  configu- 
rations. Parts  later  are  endurance- 
tested  on  engines  to  prove  the  design. 

New,  air-cooled  turbine  blades  de- 
veloped by  AUison  engineering  have 
permitted  more  than  250  °F  higher 
turbine  inlet  temperatures  on  turbo- 
prop engines,  providing  as  much  as 
63%  increased  horsepower  for  the 
same  engine  envelope. 

We  think  you,  too,  will  like  the 
creative  climate  at  Allison,  as  well  as 
the  advantages  of  being  associated 
with  a  long-estabhshed  leader  in  the 
design,  development  and  production 
of  high  performance  aircraft  engines. 
Talk  to  our  representative  when  he 
visits  your  campus.  Let  him  tell  you 
what  it's  like  at  Allison  where  Energy 
Conversion  Is  Our  Business. 

An  equal  opportunity  employer 


t  .Allison 


THE    ENERGY  CONVERSION    DIVISION    OF 
GENERAL  MOTORS.  INDIANAPOLIS,  INDIANA 


JANUARY,    1964 


33 


"How  many  new  products  have 
been  developed  recently?" 

'Hoiv  many  new  plants  built 
in  the  past  5  years?" 

"What  is  the  annual 
expenditure  for  research  ?" 


Students  very  rarely  ask  a  campus  interviewer  ques 
tions  like  these.  But  they  should.  The  answers  will  re 
veal  a  great  deal  about  a  company.  Allied 
Chemical  has  the  answers.  Ask  our  repre- 
sentative next  time  he  visits  your  campus. 
When  you  talk  with  him,  be  sure  to  ask 
the  questions  you  want  to  ask.  Answering 
your  questions  is  an  important  part  of  our 


representative's  business.  He's  on  your  campus  to  be 
helpful— to  give  you  all  the  facts  you  need  in  order 
to  make  a  sound  career  decision. 

Your  placement  ofiBce  can  tell  you  when 
our  representative  will  arrive— and  sup- 
ply you  with  a  copy  of  "Your  Future  in 
Allied  Chemical."  AlHed  Chemical  Corp., 
Dept.  200,    61  Broadway,  N.  Y.  6,  N.  Y. 


DIVISIONS:  BARRETT  •    FIBERS  •    GENERAL  CHEMICAL  •    INTERNATIONAL 


BASIC  TO  AMERICA'S  PROGRESS 

NATIONAL  ANILINE  •    NITROGEN   •    PLASTICS  •   SEMET-SOLVAY  •   SOLVAY  PROCESS  •    UNION  TEXAS  PETROLEUM 
AN  EQUAL  OPPORTUNITY  EMPLOYER 


34 


TECHNOGRAPH 


by  Jay  Lipke,  CE  '66 


Civil  Engineering  students  have 
been  quarantined  from  south  campus! 
No  longer  can  CE's  take  their  tripod 
mounted  telescopes  and  "survey"  the 
spacious  south  campus  and  unsus- 
pecting co-eds. 

All  Civil  Engineering  surveying 
courses  are  now  being  held  indoors 
in  the  \\'oodshop  Building  at  Spring- 
field and  Romine  on  engineering  cam- 
pus. Formerly,  CE  surs'eying  courses 
were  held  in  the  Surveying  Building, 
located  on  Gregory  across  from  the 
main  library;  this  location  was  near 
the  spacious  south  campus  where 
practical  surveying  exercises  could  be 
conducted.  After  forty  years  at  this 
c()n\enient  location,  why  have  the 
surveying  activities  been  moved  to  an 
area  which  offers  little  possibility'  for 
outdoor  work? 

Under  the  new  Ci\il  Engineering 
curriculum  adopted  this  fall,  Civil 
Engineering  students  are  required  to 
take  only  six  to  eight  hours  of  sur- 
vcNuig  instiuction.  The  new  curric- 
ulum follows  the  general  trend  in  the 
College  of  Engineering  toward  greater 
emphasis  on  engineering  theor\ 
courses  at  the  expense  of  practical 
lab— shop  courses.  Since  in-class  in- 
sti'uction  now  replaces  the  former  out- 
side work,  greater  classroom  facilities 
than  those  existing  at  the  old  Sur\ey- 
ing  Building  were  needed  to  handle 
the  increased  classroom  instruction. 
Hence,  the  Woodshop  has  become 
the  new  home  for  surveyors. 

Also  because  of  the  new  curricu- 
lum, the  Civil  Engineering  summer 
surveying  camp  (a  five-hour  course 
stressing  surveying  skills  and  tech- 
niques) has  been  replaced  by  a  three- 
hour  theory-oriented  course  on  cam- 
pus. During  1963,  the  18th  and  final 
summer  surveying  camp  was  held  at 
Camp  Radideau  in  the  Chippewa 
National  Forest  near  Blackduck,  Min- 


nesota. .According  to  Dr.  Milton  O. 
Schmidt,  who  served  as  camp  director 
since  1957  and  who  now  heads  the 
surveying  activities  on  campus,  "In 
the  camp's  18  years  of  operation,  a 
total  of  1747  Civil  Engineering  stu- 
dents were  enrolled  with  an  average 
of  nearly  100  men  per  year." 

As  could  be  expected,  reaction  to 
the  deletion  of  summer  surveying 
camp  is  varied.  Civil  Engineering 
undergraduates  have  welcomed  the 
change  since  most  of  them  feel  it 
takes    too   much   time,    expense,    and 


travel;  however,  the  surveying  faculty 
and  past  CE  graduates  recall  the  sum- 
mer surveying  camp  as  one  of  the 
department's  most  useful  courses. 

We  agree  the  limited  amount  of 
work  done  in  open  areas  around  the 
Woodshop  Building  can't  match  sur- 
veying exercises  on  south  campus  and 
the  six  weeks'  surveying  experience  in 
the  wooded  terrain  of  Minnesota. 
Then,  again,  perhaps  this  change  re- 
flects the  trend  toward  a  more  profes- 
sional Civil  Engineer.  We  hope  so. 

♦  ♦♦ 


On  this  particular  day  Bob  Ti 
to  notice  the  lack  of  open  area 
parison   for   the   spacious   south 


nai  and  Ron  Schworcz  were  too  busy  complaining  about  the  weather 
to  survey.  The  '■cluttered"  engineering  campus  is  certainly  no  com- 
Dmpus  once   used    by   CE   surveying    students,    but.    .    .   . 


JANUARY,    1964 


35 


Like  everyone  else  who  must  meet  the 
expanding  challenges  of  science  and  in- 
dustry today,  IBM  banks  heavily  on 
initiative.  By  initiative,  vje  mean  the  de- 
sire to  forge  ahead.  We  believe  this  kind 
of  initiative  benefits  not  only  a  corpora- 
tion and  its  customers,  but  the  individ- 
ual as  well. 

For  IBM,  the  exercise  of  initiative  re- 
sults in  an  expanding  line  of  products 
ranging  from  electric  typewriters  to 
complete  computer  systems.  It  is  evi- 
dent, too,  in  the  advanced  systems  for 
space  programs  and  national  defense 
which  IBM  also  produces. 

For  our  customers,  it  brings  new 
methods,  new  efficiencies,  and  new  di- 
rections for  expansion  in  step  with  the 
growing  economy  of  our  nation. 

For  the  individual,  encouragement  of 
initiative  means  the  fullest  possible 
growth  of  personal  talent,  ability,  and 
stature.  In  the  course  of  building  their 
professional  careers,  IBM's  engineers 
and  scientists  are  given  all  the  respon- 
sibility they  are  ready  for.  In  fact,  IBM 
encourages  each  individual  to  tackle 
progressively  tougher  problems  by  pro- 
viding the  stimulating  associates,  pro- 
fessional atmosphere,  and  educational 


opportunities  that  form  a  sound  basi" 
for  career  growth.  There  are  no  barrier 
to  individual  achievement  at  IBM. 

For  example,  the  story  of  Oliver  V 
Johnson,  the  young  engineer  picture 
here,  demonstrates  how  an  individu; 
can  apply  his  full  range  of  talents  an 
interests  at  IBM  to  further  his  profe; 
sional  career.  Since  he  first  joined  IBIV 
he  has  been  assigned  to  several  diffe 
ent  project  areas,  including:  speci; 


36 


TECHNOGRAPH 


n 


R^ 


Ua 


DDD 


li 


-J 

ansistor  circuits,  cryogenic  develop- 
lent,  experimental  studies  on  voice 
utput  from  computers.  He  is  now  be- 
ig  recognized  for  his  success  in  devel- 
ping  a  new  method  of  compressing 
peech  by  which  time  might  be  saved  in 
Dice  transmission  of  data. 

His  colleagues  in  development,  re- 
earch,  and  manufacturing  are  making 
18  same  kind  of  individual   progress, 


for  at  IBM  the  accent  is  on  initiative- 
no  matter  what  type  of  work,  or  what 
field  of  interests.  Broad  education  pro- 
grams, among  the  finest  to  be  found  in 
industry,  enable  each  individual  to  study 
in  his  field  of  specialization  or  range  be- 
yond it  as  he  desires.  These  educational 
programs  are  designed  for  the  individ- 
ual's personal  satisfaction  as  well  as 
professional  advancement. 

IBM  offers  graduates  with  degrees  in 
Engineering,  Mathematics,  and  the  Sci- 
ences exciting  assignments  with  room 
to  move  ahead.  IBM  is  an  Equal  Oppor- 
tunity Employer. 

Education  programs  are  conducted 
along  the  following  lines:  initial  training; 
continuous  education  to  stimulate  de- 
velopment and  help  prepare  for  ad- 
vancement; master's  and  doctoral  study 
with  company  support. 

See  your  college  placement  officer  to 
determine  when  we  will  be  interviewing 
on  campus.  We  will  be  glad  to  discuss 
typical  openings  and  opportunities  at 
IBM.  If  you  prefer,  you  may  write,  out- 
lining your  education  and  interests,  to: 
Manager  of  College  Relations, Dept.  915. 
IBM  Corporation,  590  Madison  Avenue, 
New  York  22,  N.  Y. 


[T^C 


\L3L 


CJVI-] 

® 


JANUARY,    1964 


37 


PROPOSED  UNDERGRADUATE  LIBRARY 


by  Roger  Johnson,  EE  '65 


As  yet  a  dream,  but  someday  U  of  I 
students  may  study  in  a  subsurface 
library  under  what  is  now  the  south 
quadrangle. 

Due  to  the  critical  need  for  study 
space  on  campus,  a  new  undergradu- 
ate library  plaza,  suggested  by  the 
Champaign  architectural  firm  of 
Richardson,  Severns,  Scheeler,  and 
Associates,  has  been  submitted  to  the 
University  for  study. 


The  proposed  two  story  structure, 
designed  primarily  as  a  reading  li- 
brary, would  be  completely  imder- 
ground  with  tsyo  open  courts  which 
would  provide  natural  lighting  for 
reading  rooms.  The  structure  would 
provide  study  space  for  5.000  students 
and  storage  space  for  100,000  volumes. 

Each  supporting  column  will  be 
topped  by  a  tree  at  the  ground  level; 


see  top  drawing  of  a  cross-section  of 
the  proposed  structure.  The  court- 
yards will  be  ornamented  with  statues 
and  fountains.  A  very  practically  de- 
signed structure,  the  library  could  also 
serve  as  an  underground  fall-out  shel- 
ter for  15,000  persons  during  an  emer- 
gency. 

The  location  on  the  soutli  mall  was 
selected  because  of  its  convenience  to 
all  students. 


Those  engineering  students  who  stay  clear  of 
the  engineering  library  for  fear  that  CEH  may 
collapse  will  welcome  the  new  undergraduate 
library  plaza  proposed  for  the  south  quadrangle. 


38 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Progress  in  the  Bell  System . . 


m^ 


AND   LIVES   AND   BREATHES... 

Progress  takes  many  shapes  in  the  Bell  System.  And  among 
the  shapers  are  young  men,  not  unlike  yourself,  impatient 
to  make  things  happen  for  their  companies  and  themselves. 
There  are  few  places  where  such  restlessness  is  more  wel- 
comed or  rewarded  than  in  the  fast-growing  phone  business. 


^  Bell  Telephone  Companies 


JANUARY,    1964 


39 


Room  and  Board 

Intramural  Sports 

Social  Activities 

Quiet  Hours  for  Study 

Close  to  Engineering 
Campus 


MEDEA 


412  and  408  East  Green 


and 


MEDEA  LODGE 

Two  Blocks  from  Engineering  Campus 


A  skit  for  relaxation 

Medea,  one  of  the  finest  Independent  Men's 
houses  on  campus,  offers  small  group  living 
with  the  advantages  of  a  larger  house.  Liv- 
ing at  either  Medea  or  Medea  Lodge  assures 
you  of  an  excellent  location,  fine  food  (T- 
bones  once  a  week),  coffee  an'  served  every 
morning,  good  study  conditions,  and  Uni- 
versity approved  Counselors. 


Evidence  of  effort 


Freshman  applications  for  the  fall  semester  must  be  approved 
by  April  1,  1964.  Write  for  applications  to  Robert  Sollinger, 
House    Director,   412    E.   Green,   Champaign,    Illinois. 


(Advertisement) 


40 


TECHNOGRAPH      Ut 


The  Great  Challenge 

{Contiinwd  from  page  18) 
hriicfit  from  a  meeting  comes  in  the 
MK-ial  gathering  itself:  in  the  chance 
1(1  meet  fellow  students,  instructors, 
engineers,  and  guest  speakers.  Here 
is  \\here  ideas  are  exchanged  and 
problems  proposed  and  discussed. 
Social  activities  themselves  serve  tliis 
same  function,  onl\-  to  a  greater  de- 
gree. 

Field  trips  are  another  kind  of  ac- 
ti\ity  in  which  engineering  societies 
frctiucntly  engage.  Trips  allow  on- 
tlie-spot  observation  of  engineering 
processes.  The  gap  between  classroom 
study  and  actual  practice  can  often 
be  bridged  by  such  field  studies. 

Societies,  too,  try  to  tell  their  fel- 
low students  and  the  public  more 
about  their  profession  by  participat- 
ing in  numerous  campus  activities, 
such  as  Engineering  Open  House  and 
^arious  types  of  "job  information" 
nights.  Some  groups  use  their  facilities 
to  help  local  charities.  And  we  cannot 
()\erlook  the  benefit  members  receive 
merely  by  working  together  in  worth- 
w  liile  activities. 

Nearly  once  a  month  on  some  part 
lit  campus  a  few  lights  burn  at  night 
in  some  normallv  dark   room.   What 


goes  on  in  this  room  is  far  more  im- 
portant than  most  people  realize.  In 
that  room  an  engineering  society  is 
holding  a  meeting.  And  in  that  room 
people  are  meeting  a  challenge— a 
challenge  of  education,  a  challenge 
not  to  be  content  with  the  usual  and 
the  commonplace,  a  challenge  of  cour- 
age to  meet  the  future  with  under- 
standing and  certaint}'. 

If  \()u  want  to  help  meet  this 
challenge,  be  on  the  lookout  for 
announcements  of  meetings  of  our 
campus  societies  in  Technograph  and 
on  bulletin  boards  in  the  halls  of  the 
engineering  buildings.  They  are 
neither  long  nor  boring,  you  will  not 
be  required  to  join,  and  you  will  be 
most  welcome.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


To  form  the  curved  reflecting  "mii- 
ror"  for  the  giant  University  of 
Illinois  radio  telescope,  earth  moving 
machines  scooped  out  approximately 
58,000  cubic  yards  of  earth.  The  para- 
bolic reflector  is  equal  in  area  to  five 
football  fields  put  together. 


The  first  all-engineering  Open 
House  was  started  at  the  University 
of  Illinois  in  1920. 


Father:  "W'iiat  do  you  mean  by 
bringing  my  daughter  home  at  this 
hour  of  the  morning?" 

Engineer:  "I  can't  help  it,  I  have  to 
be  in  class  by  eight  o'clock." 

Doctor:  "You  have  acute  appendi- 
citis." 

Girl:  "Listen,  I  came  here  to  be 
examined,  not  admired. " 

When  you  see  the  handwriting  on 
the  wall,  chances  are  you're  in  a  pub- 
lic building. 

A  good  listener  is  usually  thinking 
about  something  else. 

"My  uncle  tried  to  make  a  new  car. 
He  took  wheels  from  a  Ford,  a  radi- 
ator from  a  Chevy,  tires  from  a  Ply- 
mouth ..." 

"\^^lat'd  he  get?" 

"Two  years." 

A  bandleader  who  had  played  over 
5,000  dance  dates  was  being  inter- 
viewed by  a  radio  commentator. 
"What  is  the  one  request  you've  had 
most?"  he  was  asked. 

"Where's  the  men's  room,"  was  the 
instant  reply. 


ENGINEERING  ACTIVITIES  CALENDAR 

Engineering  Council  /<«.«  taken  over  the  responsibility  of  coUeeting  and  orga- 
nizing the  Engineering  Activities  Calendar.  As  soon  as  meeting  dates  are  estab- 
lished, all  engineering  activities  desiring  piiblicitij  should  submit  material  to  the 
TECHNOGRAPH-Engineering  Council  office,  48  EEB.  (Don't  miss  the  four 
articles  on  engineering  activities  pages  18,  19,  26,  and  27). 


Society 

Meeting 

Location 

Agenda 

Annerican  Nuclear 
Society  (ANS) 

Fri.,  Feb.  7 
3jOO  P.M. 

Lecture  Room  A 
Physics  BIdg. 

Dr.   Albert   V.    Crewe,    the    Director   of   the   Argonne    National    Laboratory,    will    speak   oc» 
"Current  and    Future    Research    Programs  at  Argonne." 

American  Society  of 
Ci.il  Engineers  (ASCE) 

Tue.,  Feb.  II 
7:30  P.M. 

Tue.,  March  10 

279  mini  Union 
279  mini  Union 

Speaker— Mr.   Melvin  A.  Jabara,  Supervisory  Civil   Engineer,   U.  S.   Bureau  of   Reclamation. 

Mr.    William    Downs,    Jr.,    Commissioner    of  Aviation,    City    of    Chicago,    will    discuss    the 
■'Planning    and    Construction   of   O'Hara    International   Airport." 

Engineering  Council 

Feb.  13,  7:00  P.M. 
March  12.  26 
April  16,  30 
May  7,  21 

209  mini  Union 
209  mini  Union 
209  mini  Union 
209  mini   Union 

Election  of  officers. 
Business  meetings. 
Business  meetings. 
Business  meetings. 

Illinois  Society  of 
Professional  Engineers 
(ISPE) 

Thurs.,  Feb.  19 
Tiiurs..   March    19 
Tue.,  April   14 

151   EEB 

mini   Union 
(Faculty  Lounge) 

mini  Union  S. 

Election   of  officers  and  special   meeting  to   be  announced   later. 

Engineering    careers   in   the   armed   forces    both   as   a   service   man   and   as   a   civilian. 

Movie:   "Beyond  Teaching,"  an  excellent  film  showing   research  at  the   U   of   1   and  some 
of  the  developments  which   have  made  the   U   of   1    world   famous. 

JANUARY,    1964 


41 


Where 

do  you 

picture 

yourself 

tomorrow? 


Consider  John  Deere  where  do  your  interests  lie?  In  research  and 
development?  In  design  and  engineering?  In  the  marketing,  administrative,  or  financial 
aspects  of  industry? 

One  of  the  100  largest  industrial  corporations  in  the  United  States,  John  Deere  is 
the  leading  manufacturer  of  equipment  for  the  nation's  farmers.  John  Deere  also  pro- 
duces tractors  and  equipment  for  the  construction,  logging,  landscaping,  and  material 
handling  fields,  as  well  as  important  chemicals  for  farm  and  home. 

Since  the  Company's  founding  in  1837,  its.  history  has  been  one  of  continuous  growth 
—  in  capitalization,  diversification,  and  employment.  Annual  sales  total  more  than  a 
half  billion  dollars;  employment  totals  approximately  35,000. 

John  Deere  has  14  manufacturing  plants,  2  chemical  plants,  and  18  major  sales 
branches  in  the  United  States  and  Canada.  The  Company  also  has  plants  in  Germany, 
France,  Spain,  South  Africa,  Argentina,  and  Mexico.  Sales  branches  and  sales  outlets 
are  strategically  located  throughout  the  free  world. 

John  Deere  has  pioneered  in  personnel  practices  that  encourage  initiative,  creativeness, 
and  individual  growth. 

Consider  all  these  and  the  many  other  advantages  of  a  position  witti  John  Deere. 
You  can  learn  about  them  by  writing:  Director,  College  and  University  Relations,  Deere  & 
Company,  Moline,  Illinois,  An  Equal-Opportunity  Employer. 


42 


TECHNOGRAPH 


&  DATA  HANDLING 


I  in  orbit  . 
of  AOlO 
■•/aw:  Portion  of  Tl  subtyttt 


AOSO  Program  Emphasizes  Broad  Spectrum 
of  Professional  Opportunities  at  Tl! 


AOSO  (Advanced  Orbiting  Solar  Observatory) 
is  a  new  satellite  project  of  the  NASA's 
Goddard  Space  Flight  Center.  Republic  Avia- 
tion Corporation  is  prime  contractor.  Impor- 
tant to  AOSO's  scientific  mission  will  be  a 
sophisticated  communications  and  data  handling 
subsystem  conceived  and  built  by  the  Appara- 
tus division  of  Texas  Instruments. 

While  the  satellite  orbits  the  earth  and 
studies  the  sun,  the  Tl  subsystem  accepts  com- 
mands from  the  ground,  decodes  and  verifies 
them,  relays  them  to  proper  spacecraft  con- 
trols or  stores  them  for  later  disposition,  ac- 
quires scientific  data  about  the  sun,  stores 
it,  and  transmits  it  back  to  the  ground  on 
command. 

TI's  major  role  in  this  space  exploration  pro- 
gram results  from  important  capabilities  — 
including  experience  in  the  design  of  extremely 
reliable   equipment   using   microelectronic   com- 


ponents,   and    a    decade    of    creative    innovation 
and  problem-solving  in  the  telemetering  science. 

Communications  and  data  handling  are  only 
two  of  89  fields  of  opportunity  (listed  at  right) 
for  scientists  and  engineers  at  Texas  Instru- 
ments, a  multidivisional  company  with  fasci- 
nating careers  open  at  all  degree  levels.  At 
least  a  dozen  of  these  professional  fields  con- 
tribute to  the  execution  of  TI's  AOSO  subsys- 
tem assignment. 

INVESTIGATE  Tl  OP- 
PORTUNITIES by  submit- 
ting your  resume,  or  sending 
for  "Career  Opportunity 
Guide  for  the  College  Grad- 
uate," to  Mr.  T.  H.  Dudley, 
Dept.  C-29.  Ask  your  Col- 
lege Placement  Officer  for 
Tl  interview  dates  on  your 
campus. 


Texas  Instruments 

INCORPORATED 

P      O      BOX     5474     •     DALLAS     22      TEXAS 
An    Equal    Opportunity    Emptoyer 


AIRWAYS  CONTROL 

ALLOYING 

AUTOMATION 

AVIONIC  SWITCHING 

BONDED  METALS 

CAPACITORS 

CERAMICS 

CIRCUITRY 

CLAD  METALS 

COMMUNICATIONS 

COMPONENTS 
COMPUTER  ELEMENTS  & 

PROGRAMMING 

CONTROLLED  RECTIFIERS 

CONTROLS 

CRYOGENICS 

CRYSTAL  GROWTH  i 

CHARACTERISTICS 

CYBERNETICS 

DATA  HANDLING 

DEVICE    DEVELOPMENT 

DIELECTRICS 

DIFFUSION 

DIODES 

ELASTIC  WAVE 

PROPAGATION 

ELECTROCHEMISTRY 

ELECTROLUMINESCENCE 

ELECTROMECHANICAL 

PACKAGING 

ELECTROMECHANICS 

ELECTRO-OPTICS 

ELECTROTHERMICS 

ELECTRON  PHYSICS 

ENERGY  CONVERSION 

ENVIRONMENTAL  * 

QUALIFICATION  TESTING 

FERROMAGNETICS 

GEODETIC  SURVEYS 

GEOMAGNETICS 

GEOPHYSICAL 

EXPLORATION 

GEOSCIENCES 

GLASS  TECHNOLOGY 

GRAVIMETRY 

INDUSTRIAL  ENGINEERING 

INFRARED  PHENO/VUENA 

INSTRUMENTATION 

INTEGRATED  CIRCUITS 

INTERCOMMUNICATIONS 

LASER   PHENOMENA 

MAGNETIC  DETECTION 

MECHANIZATION 

METALLURGY 

METER  MOVEMENTS 

MICROWAVES 

MISSILE  i  ANTIMISSILE 

ELECTRONICS 

NAVIGATION  ELECTRONICS 

NUCLEAR   FUEL   ELEMENTS 

OCEANOGRAPHY 

OPERATIONS  RESEARCH  t, 

ANALYSIS 

OPTICS 

PHOTOVOLTAIC  DEVICES 

PHYSICAL  CHEMISTRY 

PHYSICS 

PIEZOEIECTRICS 

PLASMA  THEORY 

PLATING 

QUALITY  CONTROL 

QUANTUM  ELECTRONICS 

RADAR 

RARE  EARTHS 

RECONNAISSANCE 

RECTIFIERS 

REFRACTORY  MATERIALS 

RELIABILITY 

RESEARCH  i  DEVELOPMENT 

RESISTORS 

SEISMOLOGY 

SEMICONDUCTORS 

SOLAR  CELLS 

SOLID  STATE  DEVICES 

SOLID  STATE  DIFFUSION 

SONAR 

SOUND  PROPAGATION 

SPACE  ELECTRONICS 

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY 

SURVEILLANCE 

SYSTEMS 

TELEMETRY 

THERMOELECTRICITY 

THERMOSTATIC  DEVICES 

TRANSDUCERS 

TRANSISTORS 

UNDERSEA  WARFARE 


I 


f-^erionalltij     of     the      ll'lonth 

Herman  C.  Krannert 


Text  by  Mr.  Kronnerl 
Introduction  by  Rudy  Berg 


A  degree  in  engineering  can  be 
more  than  a  slide-rule  license,  as  this 
month's  personality  shows.  Mr.  Kran- 
nert, a  1912  U  of  I  mechanical  engi- 
neering graduate,  has  been  an  active 
patron  of  the  arts  and  higher  edu- 
cation. 

He  was  born  in  Chicago,  in  1887, 
and  grew  up  there.  After  graduating 
from  the  U  of  I  with  a  bachelors 
degree,  he  began  work  with  the  Chi- 
cago Telephone  Company.  From 
there  he  moved  to  other  and  higher 
positions  until,  in  1925,  he  was  offered 
■a  position  on  the  board  of  directors 
•of  a  container  manufacturing  firm. 
For  reasons  he  outlines  below,  he 
boldly  declined  the  position,  resigned 
from  the  firm,  and  founded  the  In- 
land Container  Corporation,  which 
has  grown  to  be  the  second  largest 
corrugated  box  company  in  the  United 
States. 

And  —  glory  of  glories  —  he  icas 
■once  Editor  of  TECHNOCRAPH! 

The  following  is  an  address  to  stu- 
dents of  the  Krannert  Graduate  School 
of  Industrial  Administration  of  Pur- 
due University. 

It  is  a  pleasure  to  speak  to  you, 
although  I  am  a  little  puzzled  about 
■what  I  should  say.  There  are  many 
things  I  would  like  to  tell  you.  You  are 
on  the  edge  of  an  exciting  career  as 
an  engineer-businessman.  As  I  look 
back  over  my  own  career  as  an  engi- 
neer-businessman, I  am  convinced 
that  tlie  task  of  putting  people,  ideas, 
and  money  together  to  produce  prod- 
ucts to  be  sold  profitably  in  a  free 
enterprise  economy  offers  the  most 
exciting  career  a  man  can  have. 

In  tliis  connection,  I  would  like  to 
tell  you  how  fundamentally  sound  I 
think  our  enterprise  economy  is,  with 
its  emphasis  on  profits.  Oiu-  economy 


offers  creative  people  a  chance  to  do 
new  things  and  to  be  rewarded  for 
their  success.  But  I  am  going  to  leave 
this  speech  for  another  occasion. 

Today  I  want  to  talk  about  what  it 
means  to  be  an  effective  person  in  a 
business  enterprise.  I  want  to  talk 
about  what  education  can  and  cannot 
do  to  make  you  more  effective. 

When  I  started  in  business  in  1925 
we  didn't  have  any  college-trained 
persons.  It  happened  this  way:  I  was 
offered  an  advancement  by  the  com- 
pany by  which  I  was  then  employed 
because  of  my  good  perfonnance  with 
them  for  a  ten-year  period.  I  was  to 
be  manager  of  the  tliree  production 
plants  of  the  company  and,  in  addi- 
tion, I  was  to  be  elected  a  director. 
However,  the  Chairman  of  the  Board 
requested,  as  a  consideration,  that  I 
vote  as  he  directed.  This,  to  me,  was 
contrary  to  good  business  principles 
and  ethics.  I  believe  a  director  should 
be  free  to  exercise  his  own  judgment. 


In  recognition  of  his  occomplistiments, 
Krannert  has  received  honorary  doctorate  degre 
from  Indiana,  Butler,  and  Purdue  Universities  oi 
was  awarded  the  U  of  I  Achievement  Award 
1960. 


Inasmuch  as  I  could  not  agree  with 
the  Chairman,  I  resigned  from  the 
company.  I  telephoned  my  wife  that 
evening  and  informed  her  of  the  ac- 
tion I  had  taken.  She  said  I  had  taken 
the  right  step  and  that  we  would 
somehow  make  out.  My  decision- 
making career  had  started.  With  very 
little  money,  but  with  many  friends 
and  a  burning  desire  to  succeed,  we 
started  the  Inland  Container  Corpora- 
tion in  1925.  Shortly  after  I  resigned, 
six  of  my  former  associates  called  at 
oin-  home  and  informed  me  that  they 
too  had  resigned  and  would  join  me 
in  our  new  company.  This  took  real 
courage  on  their  part,  but  it  placed  on 
me  the  necessity  of  succeeding.  None 
of  these  six  men  was  a  college-trained 
person.  These  men  who  came  with  me 
from  Anderson  (Ind.)  had  the  courage 
to  cast  their  lot  with  a  new  enterprise 
and  a  new  businessman,  and  their 
courage  carried  them  a  long  way. 
Working  together  we  were  able  to 
develop  a  business  which  now  has 
some  4,000  people  in  it  with  annual 
sales  of  over  120  million  dollars,  and 
it  is  the  second  largest  corrugated  box 
company  in  America.  Courage  and 
the  willingness  to  act  can  take  peo- 
ple a  long  way. 

Now  that  we  are  a  \\'ell  established 
company  we  are  recruiting  college- 
trained  people  because  these  trained 
minds  are  readily  available.  Although 
I  don't  want  to  sound  discouraging, 
I  am  not  sure  that  when  the  score  is 
finally  taUied  the  college-trained  peo- 
ple will  prove  to  be  any  more  effec- 
ti\e  than  the  courageous  men  who 
came  with  me  from  Anderson.  I 
know  this  may  sound  like  heresy  to  a 
group  of  students  completing  their 
master's  degrees  in  industrial  admin- 
istration, but  I  am  worried  about  the 
emphasis  schools  of  business  and  in- 


44 


TECHNOGRAPH 


dustrial  administration  are  placing  on 
processing  of  information  as  a  means 
of  making  decisions.  These  days  I 
hear  a  lot  about  what  computers 
can  do  for  us,  how  they  can  process 
enormous  amounts  of  information  and 
finally  print  out  the  right  decision.  I 
hear  also  about  the  wonders  of  cor- 
porate staff  and  how  the>-  can  digest 
information  and  prepare  carefully 
worked-out  alternatives  as  a  basis  for 
executive  decisions. 

Both  of  these  ways  of  processing 
information  are  based  on  the  propo- 
sition that  if  a  man  has  more  informa- 
tion he  will  make  better  decisions. 
Right  note  I  want  to  challenge  this. 
I  am  not  sure  this  has  been  demon- 
strated. I  am  inclined  to  tliink  that 
this  excessive  reliance  on  data  proc- 
essing and  on  staff  work  is  another 
one  of  those  "cure-alls"  which  have 
been  tried  in  the  past  and  found 
wanting. 

Let  me  explain:  Ever\"  time  you 
make  a  decision  there  is  something 
unique  about  that  decision.  You  can 
never  be  absolutely  sure  of  the  out- 
come; tliere  is  alwa\^s  some  element 
of  gamble.  I  w^ould  guess  from  \\-atch- 
ing  la\\yers  and  physicians  and  other 
professional  men  work  that  there  is 
an  element  of  risk-taking  in  the  prac- 
tice of  ever}-  profession.  Allow  me  to 
illustrate: 

At  the  end  of  ^^'orld  Wiu  11.  In- 
land Container  had  a  successful  busi- 
ness, converting  paperboard  into 
corrugated  boxes  to  sers^e  industr}-. 
Many  of  m\-  associates  \\ere  satisfied 
with  our  position.  Our  balance  sheet 
was  health}-  and  we  had  a  number 
of  offers  from  larger  companies  who 
wanted  to  pay  cash  for  our  business; 
and  it  looked  as  though  we  could 
"play  it  safe"  b\-  either  staving  small 
or  by  selling  out.  But  it  was  also 
clear  to  me  that  only  by  becoming 
an  integrated  company,  vvith  control 
over  our  raw  material  supplies, 
could  we  survdve  the  competition  of 
the  period  ahead  in  the  1950"s  and 
1960's.  And  so  we  took  the  plunge— 
we  used  our  cash  and  put  our  credit 
on  the  line— to  go  into  partnership 
^vith  The  Mead  Corporation.  We  or- 
ganized a  joint  venture  in  wliich  each 
partner  had  a  fifty  per  cent  interest. 
We  started  with   one  mill   and  sup- 

JANUARY,    1964 


Mr.  Kronnert,  o  1912  U  of  I  ME  graduate,  donated  the  Kronnert  Art  Museum  to  the  U  of  1  in  1961. 
He  and  his  wife  hove  been  very  active  as  patrons  of  the  arts  ond  of  higher  education.  Their 
philanthropic  activities  have  produced,  besides  our  art  museum,  the  Kronnert  Memorial  YMCA  in 
Indianapolis;  the  Kronnert  Hall  of  Fine  Arts  Building  at  Evansville  College,  Evonsvilie,  Indiono;  the 
Kronnert  Heart  Research  Institute  in  Indianapolis;  the  Kronnert  Graduate  School  of  induslrioi  Adminis- 
tration  ol    Purdue   University,   and   other   gifts   too   numerous   to    mention    here. 


porting  timberlands.  Then,  as  we 
grew,  with  the  increasing  demand  for 
our  product  and  ser\-ice,  we  expanded, 
using  profits  generated  from  the  busi- 
ness, until  today  we  operate  three 
large  mills  with  a  production  capac- 
it>-  of  more  than  2000  tons  of  Kraft 
paperboard  per  day,  supported  by 
more  than  one  million  acres  of  tim- 
berland.  We  had  no  assurance  at  tlie 
time  that  this  venture  would  succeed. 
We  had  to  have  faith  and  be  prepared 
to  take  the  risks  of  doing  something 
new. 

All  of  the  significant  business  de- 
cisions you  will  be  called  on  to  make 
in  \our  career  will  involve  a  large 
element  of  risk-taking.  This  will  be 
particularly  true  in  the  next  ten  years 
while  \ou  are  learning  your  trade  as 
an  engineer-businessman.  We  are  in 
the  midst  of  tremendous  changes 
which  I  am  convinced  are  going  to 
affect  the  way  we  do  business,  and 
you  are  going  to  have  to  estimate 
what  these  changes  will  mean  to  you. 

You  may  think  that  risk-taking  is 
something  which  is  reserv-ed  for  top 
management;  let  me  assure  you  it  is 
a  necessary  ingredient  for  success  at 
each  stage  in  your  career.  Every  time 
you  delegate  a  job  to  a  subordinate 
you  are  taking  a  risk.  Your  boss  will 
hold  vou  responsible  even  though  he 
knows  you  may  have  to  work  through 
other  people  to  get  the  job  done.  You 
can  delegate  the  authority,"  but  you 
cannot  delegate  responsibilitv'. 

If  you  are  going  to  be  an  effective 
engineer-businessman,  you  must  be 
prepared  to  take  calculated  risks  in 


situations  where  there  are  no  ex- 
perience tables,  no  ways  to  hedge. 
You  must  "stick  out  your  neck"  and 
go  ahead  with  what  you  believe 
should  be  done,  even  though  you 
can't  be  sure  in  advance  that  you 
have  made  the  right  decision. 

I  don't  want  you  to  think  that  busi- 
ness is  just  one  painful  decision  after 
another.  You  can  have  a  lot  of  fun 
in  your  chosen  career.  The  business- 
men who  are  right  more  times  than 
they  are  WTong  can  make  a  profit. 
Profits  are  not  only  the  life  blood  of 
business;  they  are  the  reward  for  real 
skill  in  risk-taking. 

Frequently  I  wonder  why  so  many 
people  want  to  "play  it  safe."  Why  do 
so  many  middle  managers,  who 
should  enjoy  the  challenge  of  busi- 
ness, spend  their  time  "laying  mat- 
tresses" in  strategic  places  so  that 
they  will  have  a  place  to  dive  when 
the  shooting  starts?  Possibly,  from  the 
beginning  of  time,  we  have  tried  to 
fool  ourselves  about  the  kind  of 
world  we  live  in.  We  have  wanted  to 
believe  that  there  is  some  way  to 
beat  the  game— to  succeed  without 
reallv-  trving- to  have  the  profits  with- 
out taking  the  risks.  Maybe  it  is  just 
too  painful  for  us  to  admit  that  the 
world  is  full  of  accidents  and  chance 
results.  We  have  wanted  to  beheve 
that  if  we  do  "the  right  tiling"  we 
can  somehow  be  100  per  cent  sure 
that  we  will  get  the  right  answer. 

In  the  days  when  primitive  inan 
was  primarily  superstitious,  he  tried 

(Continued  on  page  56) 

45 


WHA  T  YOU  COULD  BE  ENGINEERING  A  T 


Hamilton  Standard 


Shown  with  an  artist's  conception  of  proposed  Lunar  Excursion 
Module,  a  mockup  of  a  typical  spacecraft  Environmental  Control 
System  currently  under  development  at  Hamilton  Standard. 


One  possible  assignment:  participate  in  the  advanced 
development  program  to  produce  the  environmental 
control  system  for  the  Lunar  Excursion  Module.  Utilize 
your  training  in: 


heat  transfer 
thermodynamics 
control  dynamics 

(flow,  temperature, 

pressure) 


fluid  dynamics 
atmospheric  supply  for 

human  life 
contamination  control  for 

human  life 


to  develop  a  regenerable  system  to  provide  for  life  sup- 
port on  long-duration  space  flights. 

Other  ECS  activities:  optimization  of  atmospheric  stor- 
age methods  •  development  of  pressure  control  con- 
cepts for  two-gas  atmosphere  •  testing  of  catalytic 
oxidizers  as  a  method  of  eliminating  atmospheric  con- 
taminants •  reclamation  systems  for  water  and  oxygen 
•  fabrication  and  testing  of  heat  exchangers,  water 
boilers,  etc.,  under  manned  spacecraft  conditions. 


ground  support  equipment 

OTHER 

advanced  propeller  systems 

MAJOR 

electron  beam  machines 

HAMILTON 

air  inlet  controls 

STANDARD 

electronic  control  systems 

PROGRAMS: 

physiological  monitoring  systems 

space  life  support  systems 

See  your  placement  officer  for  a  campus  interview,  or  write: 
SUPERVISOR  COLLEGE  RELATIONS 


Hamilton 
Standard 


DIVISION  OF 


United 
fi  ire  raft 


WINDSOR  LOCKS,  CONNECTICUT 

an  equal  opportunity  employer 


46 


TECHNOGRAPH'! 


Your  life  at  Du  Pont  I   one  of  a  series  for  technical  graduates 


Ho'w  to  tell  a  career  from  a  job 


A  job  is  a  job.  A  career  is  a  place  to  grow.  A  career  has  a  future. 
A  job  lives  from  day  to  day.  In  a  job  you  get  what  you  can,  do 
what  you  must.  In  a  career,  rewards  parallel  your  contributions. 

We're  a  career  company.  More  than  a  third  of  our  90,000 
employees  have  been  with  us  at  least  15  years;  10,000  for  more 
than  25  years.  There  are  reasons  for  this.  To  assure  growth  we 
invest  over  $90  million  a  year  in  research.  Fifty  percent  of  last 
year's  sales  ($2.4  billion)  came  from  products  unheard  of  just 
28  years  ago.  Because  customers  [ike  these  products,  we've 
grown  750%  since  1937. 

Our  career  men  share  in  this  growth  because  we  fill  virtually 
all  responsible  positions  from  within.  Our  young  men  work  in 
several  areas  to  develop  their  capabilities.  This  way  they  can 
change  positions  without  leaving  the  company. 

There  are  job  men  and  career  men.  If  you  seek  a  career,  we'd 
like  to  tell  you  about  an  interesting  and  rewarding  one  at 
Du  Pont.   Write  us  a  letter  or  clip  and  mail  our  coupon  today. 


(Ml^ 


BETTER  THINGS  FOR  BETTER  LIVING  .  .  .  THROUGH  CHEMISTRY 

An  equal  opportunity  employer 


TECHNICAL  MEN  WE'LL  NEED  FROM  THE  CUSS  OF  '64 

Chemists  Industrial  Engineers 

Chemical  Engineers  Civil  Engineers 

Mechanical  Engineers  Physicists 

Electrical  Engineers  Metallurgists 

E.  I.  du  Pont  de  Nemours  &  Co.  (Inc.) 
2519-A  Nemours  Building 
Wilmington,  Delaware  19838 

When  I'm  graduated,  I'll  be  a_ 


(List  profession) 

Please  rush  me  more  information  about  how  I   might  fit 
in  at  Du  Pont. 


Class 

Major 

Deeree  expected 

Colleee 

Mv  address 

Cifv 

Zone_ 

State 

JANUARY,    1964 


47 


•ELECTRICAL  ENGINEERS-PHYSICISTS- 


FIND  OUT  NOW 
WHAT  NORDEN 
CAN  00  FOR  YOUR  CAREER 

LOOK  OVER  THESE  3  PRIME  PROFESSIONAL  ASSETS 


CHOICE  —  what  ever  your  interest  in 
electronics  may  be,  it  is  almost  certain 
that  you  can  satisfy  it  at  NORDEN: 
computer  techniques,  display  integra- 
tion, radar  and  communication  sys- 
tems, TV,  IR,  microelectronic  or  more 
conventional  circuitry,  stabilization 
and  navigation  systems.  Applications 
run  the  gamut  of  advanced  under- 
water, shipboard,  aircraft  and  space 
vehicle  systems  and  ground  support 
complexes. 


CLIMATE  FOR  ACHIEVEMENT— 

the  working  atmosphere  at  NORDEN 
is  designed  to  encourage  continual 
learning  and  growth.  You  gain  broad 
exposure  to  all  technical  aspects  of  a 
problem  through  our  method  of  assign- 
ing projects  to  problem-solving  teams. 
You  will  be  backed  by  a  strong  sup- 
port group  of  engineering  assistants 
and  technicians.  Opportunities  for 
advanced  study  at  nearby  academic 
institutions  are  open  to  qualified  en- 
gineers under  our  graduate  program. 

AN   ENVIRONMENT  FOR  LIVING 

that's  second  to  none.  NORDEN'S  lo- 
cation in  famous  Fairfield  County, 
Connecticut,  offers  a  rare  combina- 
tion of  cultural  and  sports  activities 
the  year  'round.  Close  by  is  Long  Island 
Sound.  Hunting  country  and  ski  cen- 
ters are  within  easy  driving  distance, 
as  are  a  number  of  nationally-known 
cultural  events.  And  New  York  City  is 
a  short  41  miles  away. 


A  few  typical   project   areas  are   de- 
scribed at  the  right. 


Electrical  Engineers  and  Physicists 
graduating  in  1964  are  invited  to  con- 
tact your  College  Placement  Officer  to 
arrange  an  oncampus  interview.  Or 
you  may  forward  your  resume  directly 
to:  Mr.  James  E.  Fitzgerald,  Technical 
Employment  Manager. 


CONTACT  ANALOG  DISPLAY  SYSTEMS  — 

project  a  roadway  on  a  TV  screen 
to  aid  in  the  guidance  and  control 
of  submerged  submarines.  Appli- 
cations also  to  manned  space  ve- 
hicles and  aircraft. 


INERTIAL  NAVIGATION  —  a  field  of 
continuing  importance  at  NORDEN, 
involves  many  engineering  groups 
both  in  device  development  and 
applications  engineering.  A  recent 
accomplishment:  20  lb.  all-atti- 
tude inertial  platform  providing 
3-dimension  reference  of  position.  ' 


PRECISION  COMPONENTS.—  For  ex- 
ample, 60  basic  models  of  shaft 
position  encoders  are  now  being 
produced.  This  is  just  one  of  many 
types  of  precision  components 
where  our  R&D  people  continually 
work  to  set  new  standards  of  per- 
formance while  reducing  weight 
and  costs,  simplifying  circuitry. 


Norden 

Norwalk,  Connecticut. 


u 

)  AIRCR 

P 


DIVISION  OF  UNITED  AIRCRAFT  CORPORATION 


An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


Alice's  . . .  Council 

(Continued  from  page  27) 

looking  for  tlie  key  to  the  boxes'  locks. 
But  now  the  old  locks  have  been  re- 
moved, and  new  ones  installed. 
Henceforth,  the  committee  plans  to 
open  the  boxes  prior  to  each  meeting, 
discuss  the  suggestions,  and  present 
them  in  tlie  form  of  motions  to  the 
Engineering  Council. 

The  Public  Relations  Committee 
has  assumed  responsibility  for 
TECHS  Engineering  Activities  Cal- 
endar. 

Last  year,  as  in  previous  years, 
things  looked  dim.  Alice  looked 
round  her  in  great  surprise,  "Why, 


Professor  BernI  Larson  (right).  Engineering  Coun- 
cil advisor,  discusses  plans  for  Engineering  Open 
House  wilfi  (L  to  R)  Ron  Kessner,  George  Puzey 
(Cfiairman),    and    Bob    Lodygowski. 


I  do  believe  we've  been  under  this 
tree  the  whole  time.  Everything's 
just  as  it  was!"  "Of  course  it  is,"  said 
the  Queen.  "What  would  you  ha\  e 
it?" 

This  fall  a  large,  experienced,  dis- 
satisfied group  of  seniors  undertook 
plans  to  reorganize  and  revitalize  the 
Engineering  Council,  a  potentialh' 
powerful  organ  for  instrumenting  stu- 
dent suggestions  on  curricula  and 
educational  facilities.  If  notliing  has 
been  accomplished  by  the  end  of  May, 
Council's  failure  will  seem  greater 
only  for  its  having  attempted  more. 
Your  support  and  ideas  can  make  the 
difference ♦  ♦  ♦ 


48 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Engineering  for  Education 

(Continued  from  page  15) 

IF  and  when  we  gain  general  ac- 
ceptance of  the  fact  that  engineering 
is,  indeed,  a  learning  profession  which 
rt'cjuires  a  plan  for  a  lifetime  of  such 
karning,  then  we  must  go  back  to 
our  imdergraduate  and  graduate  pro- 
grams and  consider  them  in  a  new 
light.  We  might  even  modify  the  con- 
cept, \\'hich  is  too  prevalent,  that  we 
must  stuff  so  much  material  into  the 
imdergraduate  curriculum  because 
tliat  may  be  the  only  place  where 
most  engineers  will  receive  fomial 
education  in  their  entire  lifetime. 

We  should  rather  seek  answers  to 
the  following  and  other  questions. 
How  ma)-  we  best  design  an  edu- 
cational system  which  will  optimize 
the  contribution  of  the  individual  and 
allow  liim  to  find  the  niche  which 
he  best  can  fill?  How  can  we  meet  the 
challenge  of  the  requirement  that  en- 
gineers must  ha\e  breadth  in  order 
to  communicate,  and  yet  depth  in 
order  to  contribute?  Should  separate 
treatments  and  means  be  used  for 
conducting  the  two  distinct  functions 
of  any  engineering  curriculum, 
^'Training"  and  "Education?"  For  ex- 
ample, how  may  we  make  optimum 
use  of  such  training  aids  as  teaching 
systems  which  can  use  the  sophisti- 
cated information  processing  of  mod- 
ern computers,  or  better  yet,  the 
computers  of  1970  and  beyond. 


Of  course,  I  recognize  that  a  major 
diflBculty  in  Engineering  for  Educa- 
tion is  that  we  do  not  operate  under 
a  planned  econom\'  in  which  any  con- 
ceivable group  can  design  and  imple- 


ment the  adoption  of  a  complete 
educational  system  for  the  nation  in 
the  sense  that  an  A  T  &  T  organi- 
zation can  develop  a  Direct  Dialing 
S\stem  for  the  entire  country.  As  a 
practical  matter,  we  must  tn,'  to  devel- 
op a  program  through  democratic 
means,  making  use  of  our  professional 
societies  and  educational  organiza- 
tions. We  need  discussion  and  com- 
munication through  conferences, 
literature,  etc. 

However,  there  are  two  new 
programs  under  way  which  should 
provide  vitality  and  direction  to  con- 
tinuing education.  One  is  the  proposal 
of  Harold  \\"ork,  Director  of  the  En- 
gineering Foundation,  for  the  forma- 
tion of  an  American  Institute  for 
Continuing  Education  of  Engineers. 
Planning  for  this  institute  is  proceed- 
ing through  a  grant  from  the  Engi- 
neering Foundation  to  the  Engineers' 
Council  for  Professional  Development. 
\\'hile  the  proposal  is  still  in  the  de- 
velopmental stage,  already  a  number 
of  ver\'  important  concepts  ha\'e  been 
recognized.  Such  an  institute  could 
be  an  important  coordinating  body 
which  could  exchange  information, 
recognize  needs,  and  help  support 
their  development.  The  other  is  an 
active  program  of  the  .\merican  So- 
ciet\'  for  Engineering  Education  in 
which  the  interests  of  the  whole  soci- 
ety in  continuing  education  for  engi- 
neers is  being  studied  by  a  task  force 
under  the  Engineering  College  Ad- 
ministrative Council. 

The  need  for  experimentation  b\' 
both  industry  and  universities  will 
still  be  a  major  requirement.  Most  of 
all,  there  is  the  need  for  a  recognition, 
b\'  both  foundations  and  industry, 
that   proper   implementation    of   pro- 


grams of  engineering  career  develop- 
ment will  involve  costs  of  considerable 
magnitude.  But  one  may  well  add  this 
question:  If  our  nation  does  not  rec- 
ognize and  make  such  an  investment 
in  its  engineering  manpower,  will  not 
the  hidden  costs  of  not  doing  such  a 
job  be  much  greater?  From  past  ex- 
perience of  our  own  and  that  of  other 
nations  in  the  world,  we  know  that 
an  inadequate  educational  program 
is  dangerous. 

In  1916.  Alfred  North  Whitehead 
made  a  profound  comment  which  has 
been  cited  frequently,  but  \\'hicli  has 
such  a  bearing  on  our  problem  that 
I  cannot  refrain  from  quoting  it 
again. 

^^'hen  one  considers  in  its  length  and 
in  its  breadth  the  importance  of  this 
question  of  the  education  of  a  nation's 
>-oung,  the  broken  lies,  the  defeated 
hopes,  the  national  failures,  which  re- 
sult from  the  frivolous  inertia  widi 
which  it  is  treated,  it  is  difficult  to  re- 
strain within  oneself  a  savage  rage.  In 
the  conditions  of  modem  life  the  rule 
is  absolute,  the  race  which  does  not 
value  trained  intelligence  is  doomed. 
Not  all  your  heroism,  not  all  your 
social  charm,  not  all  your  wit,  not  all 
\our  victories  on  land  or  at  sea,  can 
move  back  the  finger  of  fate.  Today 
we  maintain  ourselves.  Tomorrow 
science  will  have  moved  fonvard  >et 
one  more  step,  and  there  will  be  no 
appeal  from  the  judgment  which  will 
then  be  prounounced  on  the  unedu- 
cated. 

I  would  make  only  one  change  in  his 
famous  statement.  No  longer  is  there 
importance  merely  on  the  "education 
of  the  nation's  \oung";  today  there  is 
comparable  importance  on  the  con- 
tinuing education  of  the  practitioners 
of  any  learning  profession  which  must 
continue  until  the  practice  of  their 
profession  ceases.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


U  of  I 


ENGINEERING  OPEN   HOUSE 
MARCH   13   and   14 


Mark  your  calendar  now 


'      JANUARY,    1964 


49 


H 


XCITING  IHINGS  riAPPEN  AT  rORD 


M 


OTOR  V_OMPANY 


THE  100,000-MILE 
ENGINEERING  TEST 
THAT  SET  OVER  100 
NEW  WORLD  RECORDS 

It  began  September  21  in  Florida,  when  a  team  of  four 
1964  Comets,  specially  equipped  and  prepared  for 
high-speed  driving,  set  out  to  do  the  equivalent  of  four 
earth  orbits  at  Daytona  International  Speedway— 100,000 
miles  at  speeds  well  over  100  miles  an  hour,  round 
the  clock  for  40  days,  through  weather  fair  and  foul. 

They  did  it,  all  four  of  them,  and  they  made  history! 
They  did  it  in  the  full  glare  of  publicity.  In  semi-tropical 
heat.  In  the  teeth  of  torrential  squalls  that  fringed  two 
hurricanes.  Including  time  out  for  refueling  and  mainte- 
nance, the  lead  car  averaged  over  108  miles  an  hour, 
toppling  over  100  national  and  world  records!* 

For  all  practical  purposes  this  was  an  engineering  trial 
— the  most  grueling  test  of  staying  power  and  durability 
ever  demanded  of  a   new  car.  Only   near   perfection 


could  stand  the  punishment  dished  out  to  parts  and 
components  hour  after  hour,  mile  after  mile.  Bral<es, 
engines,  transmissions,  ignition  systems — every  single 
part  a  pawn  in  a  grim  game  of  truth  or  consequence, 
with  total  product  quality  the  stake.  And  they  all  came 
through  hands  down! 

Now  that  it's  over  and  in  the  record  books,  what  does 
it  mean?  New  proof  of  Ford-built  stamina  and  dura- 
bility! New  evidence  that  Ford-built  means  better  built! 
Yes — and  more,  it  is  a  direct  reflection  of  the  confidence 
and  creative  know-how,  the  spirit  and  spunk  of  Ford 
Motor  Company's  engineering,  styling  and  manufac- 
turing team — men  who  find  rewarding  adventure  in 
technical  breakthroughs. 

More  proof  of  the  exciting  things  that  happen  at  Ford 
Motor  Company  to  bring  brighter  ideas  and  better- 
built  cars  to  the  American  Road. 

•World  Unlimited  and  Class  C  records,  subjed  to  FIA  approval 


<g^ 


MOTOR     COMPANY 

The  American  Road,  Dearljorn,  Michiqan 

WHERE  ENGINEERING  LEADERSHIP  BRINGS  YOU  BETTER-BUILT  CARS 


50 


TECHNOGRAPH 


^ 


'  Where  to  find 
the  field  of 

electronic  systems 
of  greatest 
interest  to 
you  NOW? 


.    How  to  plan 

a  course 

leading  to 

career  achievement 

and  satisfaction 

3  to  5  years 

from  now? 


^ 


Questions 

germane 

to  your 

career 


At  Sylvania  Electronic  Systems  you  can  achieve  both  these  objectives.  To  begin  with,  diverse  programs 
give  you  a  chance  to  enter  practically  any  field  in  electronics:  space-earth  communications;  electronic 
reconnaissance,  detection,  countermeasures;  information  handling;  and  complex  systems  for  military 
command  and  control. 

Here  you  can  move  about  within  the  community  of  20  interrelated  research  and  advanced  development 
laboratories  located  in  a  number  of  different  locations  including  suburban  Boston,  Buffalo  and  San  Fran- 
cisco. Or  you  may  prefer  SES's  Product  Support  Organization  at  sites  throughout  the  world.  Furthermore, 
three  parallel  advancement  paths  provide  ample  opportunity  to  further  your  career  as  a  technical  manager, 
technical  specialist,  or  program   project  manager  — with  equal  rewards. 

This  major  electronics  division  of  Sylvania  Electric  Products  Inc.  coordinates  for  defense  all  technical 
personnel  and  facilities  for  General  Telephone  &.  Electronics  Corporation. 

For  the  talented  young  engineer  or  scientist  eager  to  progress,  career  opportunities  are  now  open.  For 
further  information  see  your  college  placement  officer  or  write  to  Mr.  Robert  T.  Morton. 


SYLVANIA  ELECTRONIC  SYSTEMS 

(jovernment  bystems  Management  \*I^; 

GENERAL  TELEPHONE  &  ELECTRONICS^ 


40  Sylvan  Road-Waltham  54,  Massachusetts 

An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


JANUARY,    1964 


51 


HONOR  SOCIETIES  OPEN  TO 
ENGINEERING  STUDENTS  —  FALL  1963 

(See  page  19  for  membership  procedures.) 


Soeiety 

Open  To 

Membership  Requirements 

Alpha  Epsilon 

Agricultural 
Engineers 

Juniors,  4.00;  Seniors,  3.80; 
graduates  must  meet  the  re- 
quirements for  undergraduate 
membership. 

Alpha  Sigma  Mu 

Metallurgical 
Engineers 

Two  years  work  and  in  the 
upper  third  of  college  and  upper 
quarter  of  department. 

Chi  Epsilon 

Civil  Engineers 

4.0  average. 

Eta  Kappa  Nu 

Electrical  Engineers 

First  semester  junior,  4.5;  sec- 
ond semester  junior,  4.2;  seniors, 
4.0. 

Gamma  Epsilon 

General  Engineers 

Scholastic  average  above  all  en- 
gineering average. 

Keramos 

Ceramic   Engineers 

Second  semester  sophomores, 
4.0;  juniors,  3.75;  seniors,  3.5 
or  other  special  qualifications. 

Phi  Lambda 
Upsilon 

Chemical  Engineers 

Undergraduates  with  at  least  60 
hours,  4.3;  graduates,  4.5. 

Pi  Tau  Sigma 

Mechanical 
Engineers 

First  semester  junior,  4.25; 
second  semester  junior,  4.00; 
first  semester  senior,  3.90. 

Sigma  Gamma 
Tau 

Aeronautical 
Engineers 

Juniors,  4.3;  seniors,  4.01. 

Sigma  Tau 

All  Engineers 

Juniors,  4.25;  first  semester 
seniors,  4.00. 

Tau  Beta  Pi 

All  Engineers 

First  semester  junior,  4.75; 
second  semester  junior,  4.50; 
first      semester      senior,      4.25; 

second  semester  seniors  not 
eligible  unless  previously  over- 
looked. 


PHOTOGRAPHERS 

Valuable  experience  Is  available  photo- 
graphing for  a  worthwhile  activity — Tech- 
nograph — as  a  nnember  of  the  IPC  photo 
staff. 

Experience  Is  necessary. 

Contact  Wayne  Crouch, 

352-2045 

for  an  interview 


COMPLIMENTS   OF 

PIT  STOP 

Import  Motors 

Alfa  Romeo 
Sprite 
M.G. 
Austin  Healy 

508  S.   FIRST 
CHAMPAIGN,   ILL. 


52 


TECHNOGRAPH 


An  idea  grows  from  one  mind  to  another. 


It  may  begin  with  nothing  important.  Just  a  word.  Or  a  notion.  But  as  each  succeeding  mind  brings  a  fresh  viewpoint,  the  idea  begins 
to  grow  and  mature. 

If  you  like  working  in  an  atmosphere  that  breeds  ideas,  you'll  like  working  at  Northrop.  Stimulating  minds  and  stimulating  proj- 
ects are  all  a  part  of  the  climate  here.  We  have  more  than  70  active  projects  in  work,  and  we're  constantly  evaluating  new  lines  of 
inquiry.  Projects  cover  such  fields  as  interplanetary  navigation  and  astroinertial  guidance,  aerospace  deceleration  and  landing,  man- 
machine  and  life  support  systems  for  space,  automatic  checkout  and  failure  prediction  systems,  laminar  flow  control  techniques  and 
world-wide  communications. 

For  more  specific  information,  see  your  placement  counselor.  Or  write  to  Dr.  Alexander  Ikl  ^^  ^J^TU  ^9  ^^  ^3 
Weir,  Northrop  Corporation,  Beverly  Hills,  California,  and  mention  your  area  of  special  interest.  I«  %M  ■  V  I  1 1 1  M^^  m 


JANUARY,    1964 


53 


Your  first  job... will  it  be  all  you  hope  for? 


MINE  V^^AS,  and  it  has  never  ceased  to  be.  I  joined 
United  States  Rubber  as  a  chemical  engineer  right  after 
my  graduation  in  1952,  and  the  years  since  have  held  a 
series  of  stimulating  challenges.  Why  U.S.?  A  lot  of 
things  influenced  my  choice.  I  knew  there'd  be  a  variety 
of  projects  there,  the  programs  you'd  find  only  in  a  large 
company  with  great  diversification.  I'd  heard  that  U.S. 
encouraged  individual  rcsponsibihty  in  an  atmosphere  of 
freedom.  I  knew  of  the  Company's  record  for  leadership 
in  technical  advances.  At  U.S.  Rubber  I've  learned  that 
the  Company  regards  men  of  industry  and  imagination 
as  their  most  valuable  asset. 


HO^V  ABOUT  YOURS?  We  hope  that  you,  too,  will 
find  the  opportunity  \()u'rc  looking  for  at  United  States 
Rubber.  If  so,  you'll  be  part  of  a  team  that,  in  the  last  fi\e 
\ears.  obtained  o\ er  500  patents— more  than  our  t\\ o  largest 
eompetitors  combined.  You'll  join  a  select  group  of  2,000  engi- 
neers and  research  personnel,  working  for  one  of  America's 
largest  industrial  companies  operating  74  plants  at  home  and 
abroad.  You'll  join  a  compan>'  that  makes  33,000  products. 
Less  than  half  of  our  business  is  in  tires,  and  U.S.  is  one  of 
the  nation's  largest  producers  of  textiles  and  chemicals.  You'll 
join  a  Company  that,  more  than  100  years  ago,  made  the  first 
manufactmed  \iilcanized  rubber  product  and  where,  today, 
we  contribute  our  resources  and  skills  to  atomic  research, 
oceanography,  the  latest  designs  in  space  stations  and 
hundreds  of  other  exciting  projects. 


UNITED   STATES   RUBBER 


1230  Avenue  of  the  Americas,  New  York  20.   N.Y. 


An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 

THE  FIELD  IS  WIDE  "U.S."  offers  a  comprehensive  variety  of  career  opportunities  to  Chemical,  Electrical,  Mechanical,  Indus- 
trial and  Textile  Engineers  as  well  as  to  those  with  degrees  in  Physics,  Mathematics  and  Chemistry.  Contact  your  placement  office 
to  determine  when  a  U.S.  Rubber  recruiter  will  visit  your  campus.  Before  you  decide  on  your  first  |ob,  have  a  talk  with  him. 


54 


TECHNOGRAPH 


iK^|M|«Mlt»| 


Someone  is  listening! 

To  the  Editor: 

I  noticed  with  much  interest  your  editorial  on  page  3  of  the 
November  issue  of  the  Technograph.  I  want  to  endorse  your  state- 
ment that  the  College  of  Engineering  administration  and  faculty 
are  sincerely  open  to  suggestions  on  how  we  can  improve  the 
College,  particularly  with  reference  to  the  needs  of  the  students. 
As  I  often  tell  tlie  freslimcn  in  my  annual  appearance  on  the 
rostrum  of  General  Engineering  100,  facult>-  members  normally 
enter  the  educational  field  because  they  like  students.  This  is 
particularly  true  in  Engineering,  where  there  are  so  many  and 
frequently  reiterated  attractions  in  industry,  especially  for  anyone 
more  interested  in  things  than  in  people. 

I  want  to  point  out  also  that  in  addition  to  the  column,  "Brick- 
bats 'n'  Bouquets,"  and  direct  appeal  to  the  Dean,  there  is 
another  route  that  I  would  recommend.  I  have  frequently  dis- 
cussed with  succeeding  chairmen  of  the  Engineering  Council  how 
I  hope  for  the  Council  to  ser\e  as  a  source  of  ideas  from  the 
viewpoint  of  the  student  on  how  to  improve  the  College  of  En- 
gineering. One  advantage  of  transmitting  ideas  tlirough  the 
mechanism  of  the  Council,  whose  representatives,  in  turn,  are 
selected  by  the  several  engineering  societies,  is  that  this  gives  a 
forum  for  discussion  so  that  any  ideas  can  be  threshed  out  and 
improved  by  the  give  and  take  of  discussion.  In  fact,  in  the  case 
of  the  example  you  cited  in  your  article,  I  did  refer  the  matter 
to  the  Engineering  Council  and  asked  their  advice  on  the  student's 
suggestion.  It  was  out  of  that  discussion  that  we  decided  to  take 
action  on  one  part  of  the  suggestion,  whUe  putting  aside  that  part 
of  the  proposal  that  the  broader  student  group  did  not  endorse. 

As  a  result  of  a  discussion  with  an  earlier  Engineering  Council 
president,  we  did  set  up  suggestion  boxes  in  several  places  on  the 
Engineering  campus.  I  well  remember  the  first  one  was  put  up 
outside  the  Engineering  Library.  After  a  period  of  time  the  box 
was  opened.  Out  of  twelve  suggestion  slips,  ten  were  to  the  point 
that  "there  should  be  a  ladies'  room  on  the  first  floor  of  Civil 
Engineering  Hall."  While  obviously  these  suggestions  did  not  come 
from  the  students,  still  not  too  long  afterwards  there  was  a  ladies' 
room  on  the  first  floor. 

One  of  the  problems  with  gripes  pubhshed  in  any  press  is  the 
tendency  of  letter  writers  to  withhold  their  names.  As  you  pointed 
out  in  \our  editorial,  sometimes  the  individual  just  does  not  have 
full  information  on  whst  our  resources  ma\'  be,  what  we  can 
afi^ord,  or  what  other  limitations  may  apply  boundarj-  conditions. 
In  map)'  cases  I  would  like  to  discuss  such  letters  with  the  writer, 
l>nt  have  no  way  of  contacting  him.  For  the  most  part,  one 
innot  really  take  too  seriously  gripes  that  do  not  carrj'  the 
-.trcngth  of  conviction  that  makes  the  writer  willing  to  sign  his 
name. 

Sincerely, 
W.  L.  Everitt, 
Dean 
To  the  Editor: 

In  an  article  ( The  Forgotten  Man  by  Gary-  Da>mon )  in  last 
month's  issue  of  Technograph,  Gar>'  mentioned  the  unfortunate 
rircumstances  which  may  cause  an  instructor  to  be  too  busy 
updating"  himself  to  give  adeauate  time  to  the  undergraduate. 
.\iiy  communication  between  professors  and  students  about  present 
ri  search  in  fields  related  to  (or  even  completely  unrelated  to) 
el.issvvork  is,  of  course,  highly  desirable. 

There  is,  in  addition,  another  aspect  of  our  campus  activities 
which  instructors  might  find  at  least  as  important  as  that  of  in- 
forming undergraduates  of  present  research. 

Since  there  is  a  great  deal  of  construction  now  in  progress  on 


our  campus,  it  seems  only  natural  that  some  of  the  instructors  in 
stnictural  design  courses  would  be  willing,  if  not  eager,  to  show 
their  students  the  practical  aspects  of  what  they  teach  in  class 
by  taking  tliem  to  visit  these  sites. 

If  the  instructor's  time  is  too  precious  for  this  simple  task,  and 
as  an  undergraduate  I  sometimes  get  the  admittedly  dangerous 
notion  that  time  should  not  be  too  precious  to  be  devoted  to 
students,  I  wonder  how  many  have  even  mentioned  the  benefits 
an  individual  student  might  derive  from  personally  tnmdling 
down  to  look.  I  also  wonder  if  students  in  re-enforced  concrete 
classes  are  ever  told  any  details  about  the  construction  of  build- 
ings on  campus.  They  might  just  be  interested. 

Mike  Quinn 

A  reply  from  the  Rhetoric  Department 

To  the  Editor: 

Having  been  invited  to  comment  on  the  letter  in  the  November  Techno- 
graph  accusing  the  Freshman  Rhetoric  staff  of  prejudice  against  engineering 
students,  I  cannot  foibear  first  commenting  on  it  as  a  piece  of  writing.  In 
this  connection,  the  first  observ.ition  to  be  made  is  that  it  makes  a  charge 
without  offering  any  evidence  to  substantiate  it.  It  indicates  that  some  engi- 
neering students  feel  that  some  rhetoric  teachers  are  prejudiced  against 
engineers.  It  then  converts  this  feeling  by  some  people  in  a  group  about 
some  people  in  another  group  into  a  fact  about  all  the  people  in  the  second 
group.  The  writer  of  the  letter  assumes  to  be  a  fact  what  he  is  obliged  to 
prove  to  be  as  fact.  In  short,  the  letter  is  a  perfect  example  of  begging  the 
question. 

A  prejudice  is,  by  definition,  an  opinion  formed  prior  to  the  facts  or  with- 
out reference  to  the  facts.  Let  me  put  beside  this  definition  a  sentence  from 
the  letter:  "Several  freshman  friends  of  mine  have  found  [thatl  their  in- 
structors already  have  an  opinion  of  their  ability."  Presumably,  this  is  offered 
as  evidence  that  the  instructors  of  these  freshmen  are  prejudiced.  If  this 
opinion  was  formed  before  the  teachers  saw  samples  of  the  students'  work, 
it  was  a  prejudice:  if  it  was  formed  after  seeing  examples  of  the  work,  it 
was  not  a  preiudice.  Moreover,  a  rhetoric  teacher  would  have  opinions  about 
the  abilities  of  all  of  his  students,  not  merely  the  engineering  students,  after 
seeing  examples  of  their  work.  The  soundness  of  these  opinions  would  de- 
pend on  many  variables — and  the  opinions  would  always  be  subject  to  re- 

Another  sentence  ;n  the  letter  goes  as  follows:  "It  is  not  logical  that 
students  of  one  college  are  naturally  poorer  writers  than  students  as  a 
whole."  The  question  whether  students  of  one  college  write  less  well  than 
students  as  a  whole  is  a  question  of  fact,  not  logic.  Moreover,  even  if  tests 
revealed  that  students  in  one  college  write  less  well  than  students  as  a 
whole,  the  question  of  why  they  do  would  be  quite  open.  I  don't  k-now  what 
would  be  the  test  of  the  "naturalness"  of  such  a  situation. 

One  other  sentence  requires  comment:  "Something  must  be  done  to  get 
the  engineers'  rhet  grades  up  to  the  level  of  the  rest  of  the  campuses."  Any 
rhetoric  teacher  would  first  point  out  that  this  is  an  illogical  comparison; 
"rhetoric  grades"  and  "level  of  the  rest  of  the  campuses,"  being  wholly 
unlike,  cannot  be  compared.  Presumablv,  the  writer  means  that  something 
must  be  done  to  get  the  engineering  students'  rhetoric  grades  up  to  the  level 
of  the  rhetoric  grades  of  the  rest  of  the  campuses.  I  have  to  assume  that 
campuses  here  is  used  as  a  synonym  for  colleges.  If  this  is  what  he  means, 
then  he  implies  that  engineering  students  make  low'er  grades  in  rhetoric  than 
do  the  students  of  any  other  college  on  our  campus.  If  he  has  figures  to 
demonstrate  this,  I  should  be  most  pleased  to  see  them. 

I  cpnnot  compare  the  grades  earned  in  rhetoric  by  engineering  students 
with  those  earned  by  students  in  any  other  college,  but  I  can  compare  them 
with  the  grades  earned  by  students  as  a  whole.  The  figures  below  compare 
the  results  in  Rhetoric  101  in  the  fall  of  1962.  They  are  fairly  typical  of  the 
results  over  the  past  three  years.  Percentages  for  all  students  come  from 
English  Department  records:  those  for  engineering  students  come  from 
Dean    Pierce's   office. 

AH  students  Engineering  students 

\  4.1<^  3.7fo 

B  22.47f^^  17.7% 

C  45.73r-„  47.0% 

D  19. .11%  2.1.0% 

E  8.37%  8.4% 

I  see  nothing  in  these  figures  to  validate  the  accusation  of  preiudice.  Even 
if  the  figures  showed  that  engineering  students  earn  significantly  lower  grades 
in  rhetoric  than  do  students  as  a  whole,  they  still  would  not  prove  preiudice. 
Many  other  factors  might  account  for  a  discrepancy.  As  it  stands,  they  do 
not   even  show  S'gnificant  differences. 

Aly  own  experience  has  been  that  students  are  more  likelv  to  be  prejudiced 
than  are  their  teachers.  The  writer  of  this  letter  does  his  friends  and  fellow- 
students  no  service  bv  encouraging  them  in  a  demonstrablv  false  belief 
that  thev  are  victims  of  persecution.  However,  he  may  unwitt-ngly  have  done 
them  a  verv  real  service:  if  they  will  use  his  letter  as  a  model  of  what  not 
to  do  in  their  Freshman  Rhetoric  classes,  they  may  do  very  well  there.  It 
is,  at  best,  a  D  theme. 

T^nprejudicedly  yours, 

Frank  B.  Moake 

Acting  Chairman  of  Freshman   Rhetoric 

To  the  Editor: 

The  first  two  issues  were  no  doubt  a  real  test  of  endurance. 
Tliumbing  from  advertisement  to  advertisement,  I  noticed  a 
distinct  scarcity  of  articles.  The  December  issue  was  indeed  a 
pleasant  surprise!  The  qualitv'  and  quantity  of  writing  interspersed 
among  the  pages  of  company  propaganda  was  the  best  yet.  May 
Tech  continue  to  provide  interesting  articles  about  campus  sci- 
ence and  engineering  research. 

And  please,  comic  covers  belong  on  comic  books!  A  magazine 
of  Tech's  caliber  should  not  have  to  rely  on  Santa  (and  his 
presents!)  and  turkeys  to  attract  potential  readers.  I  believe  it 
would  be  more  fitting  if  Technograph  would  adopt  covers  more 
relevant  to  the  articles  within.  Sincerelv-. 

David  Washburn 
Don't  overlook  the  ads  completehj.  Dace,  the  compami  "prop- 
aganda" serves  manij  important  purposes,  and  it  could  help  tjou 
land  the  right  job.  Ed. 


JANUARY,    1964 


55 


Personality  of  the  Month 

(Continued  from  page  45) 

to  eliminate  risks  b>'  making  sacrifices 
to  the  gods;  today  he  is  using  science, 
believing  that  for  every  result  there  is 
an  antecedent  cause;  and  that  if  he 
just  leams  enough  about  the  web  of 
cause-and-effect  relationsliips  in  the 
world,  he  can  figure  out  with  cer- 
tainty what  will  happen.  And  if  he 
knows  with  certainty  what  will  hap- 
pen, he  can  figure  out  what  to  do  to 
make  the  right  things  happen. 

In  the  Twentieth  Century,  domi- 
nated as  it  is  by  science,  in  place  of 
offering  sacrifices  to  the  gods,  we  are 
careful  to  take  our  vitamins,  to  avoid 
cholesterol  in  our  diets,  to  get  enough 
but  not  too  much  exercise.  Or  in  the 
field  of  corporate  management  we  are 
careful  to  spend  enough  on  research 
and  development  or  to  spend  enough 
on  advertising.  We  all  want  to  be 
"on  the  right  side"  of  science.  We 
don't  want  to  admit  that  some  things 
just  happen— that  even  the  most  care- 
ful person  can  be  killed  by  the  ran- 
dom twitch  of  a  drunk  dri\er  coming 
toward  him  on  the  highway. 

From  where  I  sit,  this  excessive 
reliance  on  science  is  another  "cure- 
all"  and  as  bound  to  fail  as  primitive 
man's  reliance  on  his  sacrifices.  The 
plain  fact  is  that,  regardless  of  what 
you  do,  you  will  always  live  in  a 
frightening  world.  Regardless  of  the 
amount  of  information  you  have,  you 
will  make  some  wrong  decisions. 
Each  decision  is  a  bet  on  life's  rou- 
lette wheel,  and  the  best  you  can  do 
is  insist  that  the  odds  match  the  risks. 
If  you  wait  for  sure  things,  you  will 
never  do  anything.  There  is  no  way 
to  avoid  taking  risks. 

Facing  the  risks  of  decision-making 
takes  not  only  courage  but  a  philos- 
ophy of  life  which  will  help  you 
keep  your  bearings  regardless  of  how 
well  or  how  badly  you  are  doing  at  the 
time.  You  must  develop  your  own 
style  of  play.  If  you  are  the  kind  of 
person  who  insists  on  being  sure  you 
will  be  right,  you  will  never  play  for 
very  large  stakes.  If  you  are  the  kind 
who  wants  to  play  for  larger  stakes, 
you  will  have  to  take  larger  risks.  My 
own  style  of  play  is  to  be  conserva- 
tive  on   small   things   and   take   sub- 


stantial risks  on  big  things.  But  I 
can't  tell  you  what  style  of  play  you 
should  have.  The  important  thing  is 
to  develop  a  style  of  play  which  fits 
your  personality  and  then  maintain 
it.  There  is  always  the  danger,  after 
a  series  of  good  decisions,  that  you 
will  get  soft  and  start  taking  foolish 
risks;  or,  after  a  series  of  poor  de- 
cisions, that  you  will  become  too 
conservative  and  insist  on  playing  it 
too  safe. 

At  the  risk  of  upsetting  your  pro- 
fessors, I  am  going  to  tell  you  my 
favorite  way  of  making  difficult  de- 
cisions: I  think  about  all  the  possible 
outcomes  for  the  decision;  I  some- 
times even  write  myself  letters  rec- 
ommending various  courses  of  action. 
I  talk  it  over  with  my  wife.  I  examine 
all  the  evidence  I  can,  but  I  don't 
agonize  over  the  problem.  Once  I 
have  thought  the  problem  through,  I 
look  over  my  left  shoulder  and  there 
is  the  answer.  And  once  I  see  the  an- 
swer, there  is  no  question  about  what 
to  do;  the  way  is  clear.  Then  it  is 
time  to  act.  There  is  a  time  for  think- 
ing and  a  time  for  acting.  To  be 
effective,  one  must  know  when  to  stop 
thinking  and  start  acting.  If  you  are 
going  to  be  a  successful  leader,  never 
question  a  decision  once  it  is  made. 

It  may  turn  out  that  the  decision 
you  have  made  is  wrong.  This  isn't 
too  serious  if  you  accept  my  premise 
that  this  is  a  risky  world,  that  in  every 
decision  there  is  an  element  of  the 
gamble.  It  doesn't  reduce  your  effec- 
tiveness to  make  a  180  degree  turn. 
If  you  have  been  wrong,  don't  waste 
your  energy  blaming  yourself.  To 
other  people  you  may  want  to  say 
that  the  situation  has  changed  and  it 
is  time  for  a  new  look  at  things.  You 
may  want  to  say  to  yourself  that  the 
original  decision  was  a  gamble  and 
not  all  gambles  succeed.  The  impor- 
tant thing  is  to  keep  your  courage 
and  your  judgment,  so  that  regardless 
of  the  outcome  of  any  particular  de- 
cision you  are  in  a  position  to  make 
an  intelligent  gamble  the  next  time 
you  are  called  upon  to  make  a 
decision. 

I  have  heard  people  say  that  there 
is  a  lot  of  luck  in  life,  and  I  would 
agree  that  there  is.  But  luck  consists 


largely  of  being  ready  for  opportu- 
nity, and  this  is  where  your  intelli- 
gence and  your  education  can  be 
useful.  Unless  you  are  constanty 
figuring  the  odds— the  cost  of  losing 
if  you  are  wrong,  or  the  profits  to  be 
gained  if  you  are  right— and  unless 
you  have  developed  a  "style  of  play" 
that  will  tell  you  when  the  rewards 
are  worth  the  risks,  you  won't  recog- 
nize the  opportunities  when  they  do 
j)resent  themselves.  You  won't  be 
lucky,  because  luck  consists  of  being 
ready  for  opportunity.  To  be  an  effec- 
tive person,  you  need  more  than  an 
education,  although  an  education  can 
be  very  useful  to  you.  You  must  be 
prepared  to  place  your  bets  in  a  con- 
sistent and  intelligent  fashion  on  life's 
roulette   wheel. 

It  is  because  I  believe  so  strongly 
the  need  for  risk-taking  at  all  levels 
of  management  in  an  organization 
that  I  am  not  so  sure  your  generation 
of  highly  educated  managers  is  going 
to  do  a  better  job  than  my  generation, 
wliich  has  relied  more  completeK'  on 
intuition.  You  have  a  greater  potential 
than  we  ever  had.  You  know  more 
about  modern  technology;  you  know 
more  about  psychology;  but  I  am  not 
sure  you  are  willing  to  live  life  as 
dangerously  as  it  must  be  lived  to 
take  advantage  of  the  opportimities 
which  luck  offers  you.  When  I  look 
at  American  industry  with  its  heavy 
emphasis  on  corporate  staff,  I  wonder 
if  we  are  not  trying  to  "over-think" 
and  "over-analyze"  some  of  the  prob- 
lems. Maybe  we  need  more  people 
who,  after  they  have  thought  through 
a  problem,  will  have  the  courage  to 
act. 

And  so  I  shall  conclude  by  agree- 
ing with  \our  professors  that  an  edu- 
cation can  help  you  think  things 
through;  but  unless  you  are  willing 
to  assume  the  risks  of  making  a  de- 
cision in  the  face  of  uncertainty,  your 
education  won't  do  you  any  good  and 
you're  going  to  miss  most  of  the  fun 
of  living.  The  real  test  of  an  education 
is  its  capacity  to  make  you  a  better 
risk-taker;  to  make  you  ready  to  take 
full  advantage  of  circumstances  as 
\ou  find  them,  e\'en  though  you  can 
never  be  sure  in  advance  that  you 
will  be  right.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


56 


TECHNOGRAPH 


We  are  the  chemical  company  that  an  electromechanical 
designer  might  be  operating  some  day 


The  chemistry  of  photography  is  far  from  being  all  of 
chemistry  that  concerns  us.  Actually,  it  is  rapidly  going 
into  hiding  inside  such  machines  as  these  automatic  x-ray 
processors  for  hospitals,  seen  here  under  construction. 

We  need  electromechanical  engineers  to  design  all 
kinds  of  automatic  photographic  apparatus  that  we  have 
ideas  for— big  ones,  little  ones,  simple  ones,  super-sophisti- 
cated ones,  inexpensive  ones  to  sell  by  the  millions,  very 
expensive  ones  for  maybe  internal  use  only. 

We  need  process  engineers,  by  which  we  mean  those 
who  figure  out  the  best  way  to  make  what  the  designers 
have  dreamed  up. 


We  need  industrial  engineers,  who  work  out  the  most 
rational  relationships  between  apparatus  and  people— the 
people  who  work  in  the  plants  and  even  on  occasion  the 
people  who  buy  or  use  our  products. 

This  is  a  great  place  for  all  categories  of  engineers.  How- 
ever, we  think  in  categories  largely  for  hiring  purposes. 
There  is  such  a  thing  as  mobility,  and  it  doesn't  have 
to  be  geographical. 

Incidentally,  we  still  need  chemical  engineers.  Maybe 
you  are  one  and  maybe  you  join  us  and  maybe  you  turn 
out  to  be  such  a  whiz  at  your  profession  that  after  a  while 
we  ask  you  to  operate  an  electromechanical  plant  for  us. 


EASTMAN  KODAK  COMPANY 

Business  and  Technical  Personnel  Department,  Rochester,  N.Y.  14650 
An  equal-opportunity  employer  offering  a  choice  of  three  communities: 

Rochester,  N.Y.,  Kingsport,  Tenn.,  and  Longview,  Tex. 


Kodak 


An  interview 

with  G.E.'s 

Dr.  George  L.  Halier 

Vice  President— 

Advanced 

Technology 


anced  Tech- 
Haller  is 
charged  with  couphng  scientific 
knowledge  to  the  practical  operot- 
ing  problems  of  a  Compony  that 
designs  and  builds  a  great  variety 
of  technical  products.  He  has  been 
a  radio  engineer,  both  in  industry 
and  the  armed  services  (legion  of 
Merit  for  development  of  rod 
counter-measures);  physics  profe 
sor  at  Penn  State  and  dean  of  its 
College  of  Chemistry  and  Phy 
and  a  consulting  engineer.  With 
G.E.  since  1954,  he  has  been  r 
ager  of  its  Electronics  Laboratory 
and  general  manager  of  the 
fense  Electronics  Division.  He  was 
elected    a    vice    president    in    1958 


For  CO 

mplete  information  on 

op- 

portun 

ties      for 

engineers 

ot 

General    Electric, 

write:    Pe 

rson- 

alized 

Career  Pla 

ning,  Ger 

erol 

Electric 

Company 

Section 

699- 

09,    Schenectady, 

N.    Y.    12305 

GROWTH  THROUGH   TECHNOLOGICAL   CHANGE 

The  Role  of 
R&D  in  Industry 


Q.  Dr.  Holler,  how  does  General  Electric  define  that  overworked  term,  Re- 
search and  Development? 

A.  At  General  Electric  we  consider  "R&D"  to  cover  a  whole  spectrum  of 
activities,  ranging  from  basic  scientific  investigation  for  its  own  sake  to 
llie  constant  efforts  of  engineers  in  our  manufacturing  departments  to 
improve  their  products — even  in  small  ways.  Somewhere  in  the  middle 
of  this  range  is  an  area  we  call  simply  "technology",  the  practical  know- 
how  that  couples  scientific  knowledge  with  the  engineering  of  products 
and  services  to  meet  customer  needs. 

Q.    How  is  General   Electric  organized  to  do   research  and  development? 

A.  Our  Company  has  four  broad  product  groups — Aerospace  and  Defense, 
Consumer,  Electric  Utility,  and  Industrial.  Each  group  is  divided  into 
di\isions.  and  each  division  into  departments.  The  departments  are  like 
separate  businesses,  responsible  for  engineering  their  products  and  serving 
their  markets.  So  one  end  of  the  R&D  spectrum  is  clearly  a  department 
function — engineering  and  product  design.  At  the  other  end  is  the  Re- 
search Laboratory  which  performs  both  basic  and  applied  research  for 
the  whole  Company,  and  the  Advanced  Technology  Laboratories  which 
also  works  for  the  whole  Company  in  the  vital  linking  function  of  putting 
new  knowledge  to  practical  use. 

Having  centralized  services  of  Research  and  Advanced  Technology  does 
not  mean  that  divisions  or  departments  cannot  set  up  their  own  R&D 
operations,  more  or  less  specialized  to  their  technical  or  market  interests. 
There  are  many  such  laboratories;  e.g..  in  electronics,  nuclear  power,  space 
technology,  polymer  chemistry,  jet  engine  technology,  and  so  on. 

Q.  Doesn't  such  a  variety  of  kinds  of  R&D  hamper  the  Company's  potential 
contribution?    Don't    you    find    yourselves    stepping    on    each    other's    toes? 

A.  On  the  contrary!  With  a  great  many  engineers  and  scientists  working 
intensively  on  the  problems  they  understand  better  than  anyone  else,  we 
go  ahead  simultaneously  on  many  fronts.  Our  total  effort  is  broadened. 
Our  central.  Company-wide  services  in  Research  and  .Advanced  Tech- 
nology are  enhanced   by  this  variety  of  effort   by  individual   dejiartments. 

Q.    How  is  Advanced  Technology  Services  organized? 

A.  There  are  three  .Advanced  Technology  Laboratories:  Chemical  and 
.Materials  Engineering.  Electrical  and  Information  Engineering,  and  Me- 
chanical Engineering;  and  the  Nuclear  Materials  and  Propulsion  Opera- 
tion. The  Laboratories  do  advanced  technology  work  on  their  own,  with 
Company  funds,  and  on  contract  to  product  departments  or  outside  customers 
and  government  agencies.  NMPO  works  for  the  AEC  and  the  military  to 
develop  materials  and  systems  for  high-temperature,  high-power,  low- 
weight  nuclear  reactors.  ATS  is  the  Company's  communication  and  in- 
formation center  for  disseminating  new  technologies.  It  also  plans  and 
ilcxeloiis  ])otential  new  business  areas  for  General  Electric. 

Q.  So  R&D  at  General  Electric  is  the  work  of  a  great  many  men  in  a  great 
many  areas? 

A.  Of  course.  The  world  is  going  through  a  vast  technological  revolution — 
in  the  ways  men  can  handle  energy,  materials,  and  information.  Our 
knowledge  is  increasing  exponentially.  In  the  last  five  years  we  have 
spent  more  than  half  the  money  ever  spent  for  research  and  development. 
To  keep  competitive,  and  to  grow,  industry  must  master  that  mountain  of 
new  knowledge  and  find  ways  to  put  it  to  practical  use  for  mankind.  Only 
by  knowing  his  field  well  and  keeping  up  with  the  rush  of  new  develop- 
ments, can  the  young  engineer  contribute  to  the  growth  of  his  industry — 
and  society  as  a  whole. 

Tigress  Is  Our  Most  Important  Product 


GENERAL 


ELECTRIC 


An   £qoa/  Opportunity   £mp/o/e 


^9 
1) 


i^CHNOGRAPH 


EBRLARY 


VOLUME   79      NUMBER   5 


25  CEIVTS 


Unplug  It  —  I've  Found  The  Short! 


This  tiny  device  is  an  ultra-reliable  Westinghouse  TV  amplifier 


It  can  replace  all  these  wires  and  electronic  parts 


"With  fewer  parts  and  connections," 

Westinghouse   scientists   decided,   "we'd 
have  a  much  more  reliable  amplifier." 

So  they  developed  a  new  kind,  using 
techniques  called  "molecular  electronics." 
The  device  is  a  functional  electronic  block, 
one  quarter-inch  square.  (That's  the  cap- 


sule. Actually,  the  electronics  are  on  a  bit 
of  specially-treated  silicon  the  size  of  a 
chip  diamond.) 

Other  Westinghouse  functional  elec- 
tronic blocks  are  just  as  small.  They're 
used  in  experimental  products  like  a 
pocket-size  TV  camera  and  a  radio  receiver 


w 


that's  half  an  inch  square  and  an  inch  long. 

Today,  Westinghouse  makes  these  ultra- 
reliable  little  devices  mostly  for  military 
applications. 

One  day,  you'll  find  them  in  electronic 
products  everywhere. 

You  can  be  sure  ...  if  it's  Westinghouse. 


For  information  on  a  career  at  Westinghouse,  an  equal  opportunity  employer, 


LINDE  Assignment: 


Develop  a  new  surgical  tool 
to  freeze  tissue... 


That  was  the  goal  of  Union  Car- 
bide's Linde  Division. 
The  result:  fully  automatic  cryo- 
surgery equipment  that  is  easy  to 
operate  and  maintains  preselected 
temperatures  reliably.  Its  been  used 
in  a  number  of  hospitals,  here  and 
abroad,  for  treating  the  symptoms  of 
Parkinsonism  and  other  involuntary 
movement  disorders. 

Back  in  1961,  a  new  cryosurgery 
technique,  developed  at  St.  Barnabas 
Hospital  (N.  Y.)  under  the  direction  of 
Dr.  1.  S.  Cooper,  was  announced  to  the 
medical  profession. 

In  brief,  this  surgical  procedure  in- 
volves making  a  small  burr  hole  in  a 
patient's  skull;  directing  a  probe  into 
the  thalamic  target;  and  using  liquid 


nitrogen  to  cool  the  probe  which 
freezes  the  appropriate  tissue. 

Because  of  its  extensive  experience 
and  capabilities  in  cryogenic  systems, 
Linde  was  called  upon  to  develop  and 
produce  the  needed  cryosurgical  de- 
vice—a precision  surgical  probe  and  a 
complete  system  capable  of  furnishing 
controlled  cold  to  the  probe. 

Designated  the  CE-2  Cryosurgery 
Equipment,  and  shown  above,  it  per- 
mits using  the  ultra-low  temperature  of 
liquid  nitrogen  (— 320°F.)  as  a  surgi- 
cal tool  in  a  practical  operating  range 
of  98"  to -240°  F. 

Work  with  Linde  and  you  work  with 
heat,  cold,  pressure,  vacuum.  You  have 
a  choice  among  programs  in  cryogen- 
ics, plasmas,  Flame-Plating,  electron- 


ics, biochemistry,  crystallography.  Be- 
fore deciding  on  any  job,  get  to  know 
all  that's  going  on  at  Linde. 

For  information,  write  Recruiting 
Department,  Union  Carbide  Corpora- 
tion, Linde  Division,  270  Park  Avenue, 
New  York,  N.  Y.  10017. 


A  Linde  assignment 
poses  a  challenge 


UNION 
CARBIDE 


LINDE 
DIVISION 


AN  EQUAL  OPPORTUNITY  EMPLOYER 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


UNITED  NUCLEAR  TODAY 

The  mines,  mills,  factories,  laboratories  and  people  of  United  Nuclear  draw  on 
the  strengths  of  companies  long  in  the  nuclear  industry.  MINING  experience 
comes  from  Sabre-Pinon  Corporation  and  from  United  Nuclear's  65%  interest 
in  its  partnership  with  Homestake  Mining  Company.  MILLING  know-how  has 
been  accumulated  in  the  Homestake-Sapin  Partners  mill  and  in  the  mill  near 
Grants,  New  Mexico,  purchased  from  Phillips  Petroleum  Company.  FUEL 
PREPARATION  expertness  stems  from  production  of  the  laboratory-pure 
uranium  oxide  for  the  world's  first  nuclear  reactor  at  University  of  Chicago's 
Stagg  Field  in  1942  and  all  the  subsequent  years  of  commercial  nuclear  fuel 
preparation  for  power  reactors  by  Mallinckrodt  Chemical  Works.  FUEL  FAB- 
RICATION draws  on  the  metalworking  skill  and  experience  of  Olin  Mathieson 
Chemical  Corporation  brought  to  bear  since  1956  on  the  production  of  nuclear 
reactor  cores  for  power  and  propulsion.  REACTOR  DEVELOPMENT  builds 
continuously  on  the  experience  and  experiments  of  Nuclear  Development 
Corporation  of  America  (NDA),  which  in  turn  were  built  upon  the  World  War 
II  accomplishments  of  scientists  and  engineers  of  the  Manhattan  Project. 
NUCLEAR  RESEARCH  means  physics,  chemistry,  mathematics,  metallurgy, 
electronics  —  these  are  not  only  the  academic  degrees  but  the  careers  of  many 
United  Nuclear  senior  employees.  SHIELDING  was  as  vital  for  early  users  of 
X-rays  working  behind  Ray  Proof  Corporation  lead  shields  as  it  is  for  today's 
designers  of  space  capsules  working  in  Ray  Proof  radio  frequency  shielded 
enclosures  and  for  operators  and  maintenance  personnel  protected  by  United 
Nuclear-conceived  reactor  shields. 

This  is  the  experience  and  team  United  Nuclear  brings  to  the  fulfillment  of  its 
customers'  requirements.  Graduate  engineers  and  scientists  who  want  challenge 
and  the  satisfaction  that  comes  from  contribution  and  accomplishment  will  find 
rewarding  careers  at  United  Nuclear's  plants  and  laboratories  in  New  Haven, 
Connecticut, Charlestown, Rhode  Island  and  Pawling  and  White  Plains,  NewYork. 


Consult  your  placement  officer  or  direct  inquiries  to 

UNITED  NUCLEAR 

CORPORATION 

660  MADISON  AVENUE,  NEW  YORK  21,  NEW  YORK 
An  equal  opportunity  employer 


TECHNOGRAPH  I 


U>' 


V 


WHA  T  YOU  COULD  BE  ENGINEERING  A  T 

Hamilton  Standard 


The  F-111  (formerly  T.F.X.)  will  use  a  variable  wing  which  will  sweep 
back  like  the  one  shown  in  this  artist's  drawing  of  a  N.A.S.A.  model. 
Hamilton  Standard  will  develop  and  produce  an  Air  Inlet  Control  for 
the  F-111.  similar  to  the  system  illustrated. 

One  possible  assignment:  help  develop  Hamilton 
Standard's  Air  Inlet  Control  for  the  F-111.  Utilize  your 
training  in: 

compressible  flow  (pneumatics) 
incompressible  flow  (hydraulics) 


internal  aerodynamics: 
boundary  layer 
diffusers 
nozzles 


dynamic  analysis 

servomechanisms 

thermodynamics 

mechanical  design 
(high-temperature 
applications) 

to  develop  an  AlC  w^hich  w\\  properly  position  shock 
waves  and  efficiently  provide  smooth  air  flow  to  engines. 
Pneumatic  sensors  will  measure  operational  param- 
eters, transmit  signals  to  a  computing  device.  The 
computer  signals  actuators  which  move  the  inlet  spike 
and  bypass  doors. 

Reliability,  proven  performance  make  Hamilton 
Standard  a  leader  in  AlC.  We  have  a  14-year  experience 
on  many  vital  components.  We  have  outstanding  com- 
petence in  pressure-ratio  sensors,  computing  devices, 
and  high-performance  hydromechanical  components 
for  high-ram  air  temperature  application. 


t 

thrust  vector  controls 

OTHER 

ground  support  equipment 

MAJOR 

advanced  propeller  systems 

HAMILTON 

electron  beam  machines 

STANDARD 

electronic  control  systems 

PROGRAMS: 

physiological  monitoring  systems 

space  life  support  systems 

See  your  placement  officer  for  a  campus  interview/,  or  write: 
SUPERVISOR  COLLEGE  RELATIONS 


Hamilton 
Standard 


DIVIS(ON  OF 


United 
R  ire  raft 


WINDSOR  LOCKS,  CONNECTICUT 

an  equal  opportunity  employer 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


Editor-in-Chief 

Wayne  W.  Croucli 


Assistant  to  the  Editor 

Stuart  Umpleby 

Editorial  Staff 

Gary  Daymon,  Director 
Rudy  Berg 
Rebecca  Bryar 
Tom  Grantham 
Lester  Holland 
Roger  Johnson 
Richard  Langrehr 
Jay  Lipke 
John  Litherland 
Bill  Lueck 
Hank  Magnuski 
Mike  Quinn 


Production  Staff 

Pat  Martin,   Manager 


Business  Staff 

Scott    Weaver,    Manager 
Phil  Johnson 
Jerry  Ozane 


Circulation  Staff 

Larry  Campbell,   Manager 
Paul  Rimington 
Glenn   VanBlaricum 
Travis  Thompson 
Joe  Stocks 
John  Welch 


Photo  Staff 

Tony  Burba,  Manager 
E.  Scott  Hoober 
Dave  McCIure 
Bob  Seyler 


Advisors 

Robert  Bohl 
Paul  Bryant 
Alan  Kingery 
Edwin  McClintock 


THE  ILLINOIS 

TECHXOGRAPH 


Volume  79;  Number  5 


February,  1964 


Table  of  Contents 

ARTICLES 

The  New  Breed Henry  S.  Magnuski  1  2 

A  Moment  of  Reflection David  C.  Griffrn  1  6 

Glue  in  the  Rafters Joseph  Cablk  20 

Instant   Storms John    Litherland  26 

How  to  Talk  to  a  Computer 28 

Special  Tours  at  Open  House 32 

A  College-Industry  Program  for  Students 33 

Seven  out  of  Ten  Freshmen  Complete  Degrees 33 

Solar  Emissions  and  Radio  Broadcasts Richard   Langrehr  37 

How  is  Physics  Related  to  Poetry?  (Special) Alan  Kingery  40 

AFROTC  Open   House 44 

Arma  Virumque  Cano 48 

FEATURES 

Technocutie photos   by   Bob   Seyler  23 

The  Good  Olde  Days Mike  Quinn  28 

Brickbats    and    Bouquets 48 


MEMBERS  OF  ENGINEERING 

COLLEGE  MAGAZINES  ASSOCIATED 

Chairman  :  J.  Gale  Chumley 

Louisiana  Polytechnic  Institute 

Ruston,  Louisiana 

Copyright.  1964.  by  the  Illini  Publishing 
Company.  Published  eight  times  during  the 
year  (October,  November.  December,  Janu- 
ary. February.  March,  April  and  May), 
Entered  as  second  class  matter,  October  30, 
1920.  at  the  post  office  at  Urbana.  Illinois, 
under  the  Act  of  March  3.  1879.  Office  48 
Electrical  Engineering  Building.  Urbana. 
Illinois,  Subscriptions  $2.00  per  year.  Single 
copy  25  cents.  All  rights  reserved  by  the 
Illinois  Technograph,  Publisher's  Represen- 
tative— Littell-Murray-Barnhill,  Inc.,  737 
North  Michigan  Ave,.  Chicago  11.  111..  369 
Lexington   Ave..   New   York    17.   New   York. 


Cover:  Unplug  it — I've  found  the  short! 


Dave  Jones.  Student  Chairma 
of  Engineering  Open  House, 
typifies  the  hurried 
frenzy  preceding  Open  House 

Design  by  Gerry  Welton 

Photo  by   R.  T.  Gladin 


TECHNOGRAPHH 


WHO'S  UP  FRONT? 


If  you  are  a  civil  engineering  student,  would  it  make  your  class  any  more  interesting 
if  you  knew  your  instructor  was  involved  in  the  design  and  construction  of  the  world  s 
largest  earth-filled  dam?  If  you  are  an  electrical  engineering  student,  would  it  make 
your  class  more  interesting  if  you  knew  that  your  instructor  helped  design  the  instru- 
mentation for  several  of  the  recent  earth  satelites  and  space  probes?  If  you  knew 
your  instructor  had  just  returned  from  serving  as  a  scientific  liaison  officer  for  the 
Office  of  Naval  Research  in  Europe,  would  this  give  you  added  interest  in  his  class? 

A  high  proportion  of  the  members  of  the  engineering  faculty  at  the  U  of  I  have 
backgrounds  including  engineering  activities  of  this  caliber.  These  are  men  who  may 
teach  from  a  book  but  base  their  teaching  on  their  own  wide  experiences  as  researchers 
and  professional  engineers.  The  question  is:  how  do  we  get  to  know  them? 

After  some  discussion  of  the  problem  among  members  of  the  TEChlNOGRAPhI  staff, 
we  have  a  suggestion  which  could  help  solve  this  problem.  We  believe  that  each 
engineering  department  should  display  an  easy-to-reach  up-to-date  index  that  gives 
background  information  on  each  instructor.  Such  information  could  include  formal 
training,  industrial  experience,  recent  research  activities,  current  committee  positions, 
awards,  and  other  background  information. 

It  would,  of  course,  be  desirable  if  this  information  could  be  brought  out  in  the 
classroom.  Unfortunately,  this  is  not  done.  It  is  awkward  for  undergraduates  to  ask 
intelligent  questions  of  an  instructor  they  know  little  if  anything  about,  and  it  is  equally 
awkward  and  time  consuming  for  an  instructor  to  voluntarily  discuss  his  background 
without  seeming  to  "toot  his  own  horn." 

Part  of  TEChHNOGRAPH's  goal  is  to  present  the  human  aspects  of  our  faculty,  yet 
it  is  impossible  for  us  to  properly  profile  550  faculty  members.  An  index,  however 
mechanical  and  trivial  it  may  seem,  could  provide  a  tremendous  incentive  for  under- 
graduates by  making  it  possible  for  them  to  find  out  about  their  instructors  and  to 
acquire  an  added  element  of  enthusiasm  for  their  instructors  and  their  courses.     GMD 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


ROOM  FOR  A  CAREER  AT 


What 

opportunities 
are  open  at 

The  range  of  work  done  at 
IBM  requires  many  different 
academic  disciplines.  Your 
education  may  well  have 
prepared  you  for  entering 
a  broad  field  of  opportunity: 

•  science  and  engineering 

•  computer  programming 

Each  of  these  fields  is 
especially  diverse  because 
IBM  designs,  makes,  and 
sells  hundreds  of  different 
products,  supplies,  and 
services  — in  fact,  complete 
systems  — for  expediting  the 
handling  of  information. 

If  you  have  a  creative 
imagination,  IBM  can  provide 
a  practical  foundation  for 
exploring  such  areas  as 
research,  development, 
manufacturing,  and  marketing, 
among  others.  A  logical 
approach  to  problems  in 
scientific  investigation  is 
necessary,  and  is  usually 
based  on  a  solid  background 
in  physical  science  or 
engineering. 

But  these  are  by  no  means 
rigid  limitations.  For,  as  you 
would  expect  of  a  vigorous 
and  youthful  company,  recent 
arrivals  at  IBM  represent  a 
tremendous  variety  of 
interest,  experience,  and 
personality. 


What 

career  can 
you  launch  at 


Science  and  Engineering. 

A  kaleidoscopic  variety  of 
scientific  and  engineering 
work  goes  into  the  research, 
development,  and  manufac- 
ture of  IBM  products. 
A  group  may  work  on  creating 
new  solid  state  devices- 
designing  new  machine 
organizations  — or  developing 
new  manufacturing  processes. 
Other  teams  may  work  out 
further  applications  of  IBM 
systems  — for  instance,  for  the 
control  of  manufacturing 
operations. 

Programming.  A  computer 
processes  information  exactly 
according  to  step-by-step 
directions.  These  programs 
must  be  ordered  in  the  most 
efficient  and  logical  pattern. 
You  may  program  an  IBM 
system  to  solve  procedural 
business  problems  in 
finance  or  complex  scientific 
problems  involving  millions 
of  calculations.  You  may  be 
a  member  of  a  team 
programming  the  nearly 
superhuman  computations 
required  for  a  space  probe. 


Which  majors 
and  minors 
are  useful  at 

Judge  for  yourself  from 

this  partial  listing.  In  the 

past,  graduates  with 

degrees  in  the  following 

fields  have  joined  IBM : 

chemistry 

electrical  engineering 

electronics 

industrial  engineering 

machine  and  structural  design 

mathematics 

mechanical  engineering 

metallurgy 

physics.  . . . 


What 

degrees  will 
interest 

mm 


4 


We  have  people  with  us 
who  hold  practically  every 
sort  of  baccalaureate 
However,  our  main  interes 
is  centered  in  the  physical 
sciences,  mathematics, 
electronics,  and  engineerli 
Many  new  employees  at  lEI 
also  have  advanced  degre 
They  are  masters  and  doc(; 
representing  many  differed 
fields  of  knowledge. 
This  breadth  of  academic 

background,  as  well  as  the 

emphasis  on  problem-soK .) .. 
at  IBM,  helps  account  for 
the  climate  of  intellectual 
vitality.  Whatever  their  ms 
interests,  our  people  seen 
to  enjoy  tackling  problem: 
that  require  an  imaginativi 
approach. 


TECHNOGRAPHH 


'I 

f  ndamental 
aiswers  from 


Viat  is  "data  processing"? 

Snple  arithmetical  or  logical 
cerations  done  at  extremely 
h)h  speed  by  a  computer. 
Te  large-scale  IBM  7080 
s;tem  has  the  capability  of 
prforming  76.000  additions 
cmaking  303,000  logical 
ocisions  per  second. 
^Jata  processing  system  can 
fid  one  fact  in  a  million  or 
cculate  an  answer,  using 
n  lions  of  separate  facts  — 
bth  at  electronic  speed. 

Viat  does  data  processing 
pimise  you? 

Li's  reason  for  a  moment  in 
O'allels.  Add  a  gas  engine  to 
art:  80,000,000  automobiles 
our  roads  today.  Add  Roman 
;idles  to  a  kite:  New  York- 
-idon  jet  schedules  are  now 
aiV;  hours.  Add  computers 
tdictionaries:  instantaneous 
inmunication  among 
Djples  of  many  tongues. 
*d,  like  drivers  and  pilots, 
tn  will  run  these  computers 
'<  our  general  benefit. 


What  are 
some  current 
projects  at 


Designing  computers  that 
are  so  small  and  light  that 
astronauts  can  use  them  for 
rendezvous  in  outer  space. 
Utilizing  a  thin  film  of  metal 
alloy  to  hold  the  magnetized 
"memory"  of  a  computer- 
film  as  thin  as  500  to  2,000 
angstroms.  (The  wave  length 
of  yellow  light  is  5,000 
angstroms.) 

Processing  photographic 
information  with  computers 
to  study  contours  — even  the 
shapes  of  clouds. 
Managing  a  world-wide 
communications  network  in 
"real  time"  — that  is,  as  fast 
as  the  reported  operation 
itself  is  occurring. 

Plus  a  wide  range  of 
continuing  research  and 
development  programs  to 
provide  tomorrow's  family  of 
advanced  computers  and  other 
business  machines. 


What's  For  further 

the  professional  information 
climate  at  write 

mm       mm 


It's  been  called  "a  climate 
for  professional  achievement.' 
It  is  an  ideal  that  we  try  to 
attain  — an  ideal  embracing 
your  environment,  security, 
and  career  goals. 
At  IBM  excellent  salaries 
keep  pace  with  your  personal 
progress.  To  help  you  along, 
there  are  opportunities  for 
advancing  your  education 
through  both  tuition  refund 
and  fully  paid  scholarships. 
And  finally  we  offer  far- 
sighted,  company-paid 
benefits  for  you  and  your 
family,  designed  to  give  you 
an  added  measure  of  security. 


We  have  a  number  of 
brochures  describing  career 
openings.  Your  College 
Placement  Officer  may  well 
be  supplied  with  them.  He  can 
also  put  you  in  touch  with  our 
representatives  when  they 
visit  your  campus. 

But,  if  you  prefer,  write  to  us. 

We'd  welcome  a  letter  from 

you  —  and  can  assure  you  a 

personal  response.  IBM  is  an 

Equal  Opportunity  Employer. 

Write  to: 

Manager  of  College  Relations 

Dept.  915 

IBM  Corporation 

590  Madison  Avenue 

New  York  22,  N.  Y. 


s    FEBRUARY,    1964 


In  just  a  few  short  months,  those  * 
new  graduates  spanned  the  dis- 
tance from  the  classroom  to  the 
space  age. They  joined  with  their 
experienced  colleagues  in  tack- 
ling a  variety  of  tough  assign- 
ments. On  July  20th,  1963, their 
product  went  off  with  a  roar  that 
lasted  two  solid  minutes,  provid- 
ing more  than  1 ,000,000  pounds 
of  thrust  on  the  test  stand.  This 
was  part  of  the  USAF  Titan  III  C 
first  stage,  for  which  United 
Technology  Center  is  the  con- 
tractor. Two  of  these  rockets 
will  provide  over  80%  of  all  the 
thrust  developed  by  the  vehicle. 
Some  of  you  now  reading  this 
page  may  soon  be  a  part  of  that 
program. ..or  a  part  of  other  sig- 
nificant, long-range  programs. 
■  UTC  now  offers  career  oppor- 
tunities for  promising  graduates 
at  the  bachelor's,  master's,  and 
doctoral  levels  in  EE,  ME,  AeroE, 
and  ChE.  Positions  are  impor- 
tant and  offer  personal  and  pro- 
fessional reward  in  the  areas  of 
systems  analysis,  instrumenta- 
tion, data  acquisition,  prelimi- 
nary design,  aerothermodynam- 
ics,  stress  analysis,  structure 
dynamics,  testing,  propellant 
development  and  processing.  ■ 
If  your  idea  of  a  career  in  the 
space  age  includes  joining  a 
young,  vital,  aggressive  com- 
pany... then  get  in  touch  with 
us  now!  If  you  want  to  work  with 
men  who  can  develop  and  build 
a  wide  variety  of  sophisticated 
propulsion  systems,  see  your 
placement  officer  for  a  campus 
interview  or  write  M  r.  Jay  Waste. 


UNITED 
TECHNOLOGY 

CENTER 


SOME  OF 

IHEMENIO 

WRKEO  ON  II 

WERE  IN 

COllEGES 

IIKEVOURS 

lYElRIIGO 


ft 


P.  0.  Box  358  ■  Dept.  E,  Sunnyvale,  California 

.  S.  Citizenship  Required  -  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


TECHNOGRAPH 


ENGINEERING 

OPEN  HOUSE 

EXHIBITS  CONTEST 

MARCH  13  &  14 


BE  A  MILLIONAIRE 


X   10-* 


FIRST  PRIZE 

$50   \ 

)       IN  THREE  AREA 

SECOND  PRIZE 

$  35               FOR  A  TOTAL 

THIRD  PRIZE 

^  ^r^     1                OF  $315 

$20  ; 

ALL 

EXHIBITS  ARE 

ELIGIBLE 

(See  the  December  TECH NOGRAPH  page  39  fo7'  the  contest  rules  and 
the  November  issue  page  28  for  further  information.) 


FEBRUARY,    1  964  - 19 


Assignment: 
build  better  barriers 
against  body  rust 


Result:  More  rust-resistant  steel  than 
ever  before  on  1964  Ford-built  bodies! 


Ford  Motor  Company,  pioneer  in  the  use  of  galvanized 
(zinc-clad)  steel,  long  noted  for  its  ability  to  fight  off 
rust,  is  using  increased  amounts  of  this  superior 
material  in  1964  car  models.  This  marks  further 
progress  in  our  continuing  efforts  to  solve  the  prob- 
lems of  metal  corrosion  in  car  bodies. 

Other  Ford-developed  rust  fighters  include  special 
zinc-rich  primers  .  .  .  aluminum  and  stainless  steels 
in  mufflers,  moldings  and  body  fasteners  .  .  .  quality 
baked-enamel  finishes— all  powerful  barriers  against 
rust  in  Ford-built  cars  and  trucks. 


A  new  process,  now  in  limited  test  production,  is  the 
electrocoating  of  entire  car  bodies.  This  involves 
electrical  attraction  between  positively  charged  metal 
surfaces  and  negatively  charged  paint  particles.  When 
the  body  is  dipped  in  an  aqueous  solution  containing 
the  paint  particles,  a  form  of  "electroplating"  occurs, 
the  paint  seeking  those  areas  with  the  least  coverage, 
until  a  complete  and  uniform  coating  is  deposited. 

More  examples  of  engineering  leadership  at  Ford 
Motor  Company  bringing  better  products  to  the 
American  Road. 


MOTOR     COMPANY 

The  American  Road,  Dearborn,  Michigan 

WHERE   ENGINEERING    LEADERSHIP    BRINGS    VOU    BETTER-BUILT   CARS 


10 


TECHNOGRAPH 


■IDBI  IRN  1.1.  /  JACKSONVILLE  STATE  /  SPRING  HtLL  COL.  /  TROY   STATE  /TUSKEQEE   INST.  /  U.   OF  ALABAMA  /  ARIZONA   STATE 
f^L     'ARIZONA    STATE    U.  /  U,    OF   ARIZONA  /  ARKANSAS    A«,M  /  ARKANSAS    COL .  /  ARK  ANSAS    STATE  /  ARKANSAS    STATE 

Teachers  /  Henderson  state  teachers  /  ouachita  f  -hool  /  calif,  col.  of 

arts  &  crafts  /  calif.  tech  /  san  francisco  art  ih',  ilnican  col.  /  fresno 


STATE  /  PEPPERDINE    COL.  /  F'ACiFlC    UNION 
CALIF.  /  SAN    DIEGO    STAT7  iCISC 

SCHOOL  /  U,   OF  CALlFORi-  NTA 

OF  MINES  /  COLORADO  ST  OL.  .' 

PORT/U.    OF    CONNECTIC-  '       ' 

FLORIDA  STATE  /  U.  OF  F. 
COL.  OF  IDAHO  /  IDAHO  £ 
NIER   TECH  /  ILLINOIS   TEC 

MUNDELEIN  COL. /NORTH.  iOR' 

NOIS  /  WESTERN  ILLINOIS  '  BU" 

JOSEPH'S  COL.  /  ST.  MAR^  ^E  Of 

COL. /CORNELL/ DP •"-■=:  ,._„^  COL. 

U.  OF  IOWA  /  UPPER  -.RTBURG  C 

FRIENDS  U.  /  KANS.  ;=>ITTSBURG 

U. /ST.    BENEDICTS  '5   COL.    ^'XA^ 

WASHBURN    U.  /  CENTRE    COL.    OF    KENTUCf 
TUCKY   STATE  /  EASTERN    KENTUCKY    STAT 
WESTERN  STAT£.a£A.OUiaiAfcU^^=SQUXH""=''= 
HOPKINS  /  •  — ' 
LOWELL  TEi 
CHESTER    I 
MICHIGAN 
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CONCORDIA  j 

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METHODIST  j 
TEACHERS  / 

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NfON  /  PASADENA 
iCISCO  STATE  /  SAN  ,IOSE  STA' 
,NTA  CLARA  /  SOUTHERN  CAL 
OL.  /  U    OF  COLORADO  /  U.   OF 


'  BUTLER  U.  /  DE I 
^E  DAME)  /  U.  OF  t 
.._„^  COL.  /  STATE-CQlii 
-.RTBURG  COL.  /  B 
=>ITTSBURG  /  KANS 
5  COL.  (XAViER)/fl 
F    KENTUCKY 


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/  ST.  MARY-S  COL.  OF 
REY  /  STANFORD  /  USN  POST  GRADUATE 
E  /  COLORADO  COL.  /  COLORADO  SCHOOL 
COAST  GUARD  ACADEMY  /  U.  OF  BRIDGE- 
&.     ,  _..^ .  ._  ..     . WASHINGTON  U. 

U.  OF  GEORGIA 
PAUL  U.  /  FOUR- 
IDNMOUTH  COL. 
U.  OF  ILLl- 
>OLY  /  ST. 
OL.  /  COE 
..  /  STATE 
AS  STATE 
/  OTTAWA 
F-WJCHITA 


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FROM  412  ACCREDITED  COLLEGES  AND  UNIVERSITIES  (IN  48  STATES  AND  8  FOREIGN  COUNTRIES) 


®m 


/^raiD/^  (iiSP®^/«i^D®G3 


SfTATE  /  EAST*  * 
STATE / PANHANt 

LiNFIELD     COL.  /  C 

CHATHAM    COL.  /  C 

ETTE  COL.  ■■  LA  SALE 
'  U.  /  U.    OF    PENNSYLVANT 
1  MINSTER    COL.  /  BROWN    i 
I  (SOUTH    DAKOTA)  .'  KUKO 

TENNESSEE  S  -31 

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SEATTLE  U.  /  U.   OF  WASHING. 

SHALL  U.  /  WEST  VIRGINIA  TEC 

MILWAUKEE  SCHOOL  OF  ENG.  / 
I  OF  CITY  OF  BERLIN  /  CAMBRIDGEMS^fflS  «,./  OyNDEElf 

ROBERT  COL,  /  SORBONNE  /  TECHNISCHE  HOSHSCULE 

U.  OF  SHEFFIELD  /  AUBtiH«» ..Ui^  jaGKLaafctUtU>£y 


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HOW  WELL  DO  YOU   KNOW  SANDIA? 


•  Sandia  is  a  prime  contractor  of  the  Atomic  Energy  Com- 
mission with  laboratories  in  Albuquerque,  New  Mexico, 
and  Livermore,  California. 

•  Sandia  is  engaged  in  research  and  development  on 
ordnance  phases  of  nuclear  weapon  design. 

•  Sandia  scientists  and  engineers  are  doing  related  work 
in  fields  such  as  solid  state  physics,  plasma  physics,  mate- 
rials research,  e.xplosives  technology,  pulse  phenomena, 
radiation  damage,  systems  and  component  design,  and  test 
and  development. 

•  Our  $140  million  laboratory  offers  the  latest  in  scientific 
equipment. 


•  Sandia  as  a  subsidiary  of  the  Bell  System  draws  upon  the- 
technical  and  industrial  know-how  of  Western  Electric,  the 
Bell  Telephone  Laboratories,  and  other  organizations  with- 
in the  System. 

Albuquerque,  New  Mexico,  a  cultural  center  of  250,000,  is 
sunny  and  dry  with  year-round  recreational  opportunities. 
The  University  of  New  Mexico  is  located  here. 

Livermore,  California,  offers  the  unlimited  advantages  of 
living  in  the  San  Francisco  Bay  area. 

If  you  are  graduating  with  outstanding  scholastic  achieve- 
ment in  engineering  or  the  physical  sciences,  the  Sandia 
Corporation  would  like  to  arrange  an  interview. 


CORPORATION 


I  The  Sandia  representative  will  be  on  campus  Feb.  25,  26,  27,  28. 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


n. 


|CH, 


I 


I    r  I 


THE  NEW  BREED 


by  Henry  S.  Magnuski,  EE  '66 


Since  their  crude  beginnings  as 
gangling  tube  and  wire  monstrosities 
in  the  1940's,  electronic  computers 
have  come  a  long,  long  way.  We  are 
now  in  an  era  of  the  second  genera- 
tion computer,  a  computer  made  of 
compact,  solid-state  printed  circuits, 
which  cannot  only  do  numerical  cal- 
culations, but  can  also  handle  state- 
ments of  mathematical  logic. 

As  advanced  and  as  complex  as  they 
may  seem,  however,  the  second  gener- 
ation computers  will  eventually  be 
replaced  by  a  third  generation.  The 
purpose  of  this  article  is  to  describe 
some  of  the  work  being  done  at  the 
University  of  Illinois  on  this  new 
breed  of  machines. 

The  formal  name  of  the  group  work- 


This  inside  view  of  the  frequency  analyzer 
shows  the  ninety-six  frequency  filters  on  the  right, 
and  the  second  derivative  analyzers  on  the  left. 


]2 


ing  on  these  new  computers  is  the 
Biological  Computer  Laboratory 
(BCL).  The  name  is  misleading, 
though,  because  these  computers  are 
not  made  of  living  cells,  and  have  little 
to  do  with  biology  or  medicine.  The 
people  working  on  biological  com- 
puters are  not  trying  to  take  better 
electrocardiograms  or  diagnose  medi- 
cal ills.  They  are  trying  to  make  a 
computer  which,  according  to  Pro- 
fessor M.  L.  Babcock,  "may  exhibit 
'curiosity'  about  its  environment  and 
interact  with  that  environment;  it  may 
display  traces  of  adaptation  such  as 
'memory'  and  appropriate  reaction  to 
its  surroundings,  'learning'  in  the  sense 
of  storage  of  past  experiences  and  the 
association  of  those  experiences;  it 
may  show  'recognition'  of  itself  (self- 
awareness)  and  of  its  surroundings, 
'goal-seeking'  and  avoidance  of  dilem- 
mas, stabilit}'  in  the  sense  of  home- 
ostasis and  self-repair;  and/or  perhaps 
it  may  have  some  of  the  qualities  of 
'free-wiir  in  the  context  of  unpredicta- 
bility. These  are  features  which  are 
usually  considered  as  some  of  the 
requisites  of  intelligence." 

In  order  to  achieve  the  above  goals, 
members  of  the  Bio-Computer  Lab 
are  working  on  a  variety  of  projects, 
ranging  from  Paul  Weston's  study  of 
artificial  languages,  to  Ron  Swallow's 
"Cognitron,"  a  complex  neuron  net- 
work. The  senior  members  of  the  lab 
include  Prof.  Heinz  von  Foerster, 
Director  and  nationally  known  author- 
ity on  cybernetics  and  electronics. 
Prof.  Ashby,  who  has  been  studying 


multistabilities  of  complex  networks. 
Prof.  Gunther,  who  is  developing  a 
new  type  of  multivalued  logic,  and 
Professor  Babcock,  who  is  analyzing 
the  sounds  found  in  speech  and  music. 

Professor  Babcock's  work  is  a  good 
example  of  the  type  of  research  being 
done  by  the  BCL  and  the  variety  of 
training  and  background  required  for 
this  type  of  work.  Prof.  Babcock  was 
originally  trained  as  an  electrical  en- 
gineer, but  since  then  has  become 
familiar  with  neuron  physiology,  lin- 
guistics, and  speech.  His  project,  that 
of  analyzing  sound,  grew  out  of  a  need 
for  better  and  faster  man-machine 
communication. 

Until  now,  man  has  communicated 
with  computers  primarily  through 
punch  cards  and  magnetic  tape.  If  an 
oral  communications  link  could  be 
established,  man  could  talk  directly  to 
their  machines  without  having  to  go 
tlirough  the  intervening  steps.  Such 
machines  would  be  useful  not  only  to 
computer  programmers,  but  would  al- 
so have  uses  as  language  translators, 
letter-writers  for  businessmen  or  the 
physically  handicapped,  safety 
switches  for  machine  tool  operators 
whose  hands  might  get  caught  in  their 
work,  and  a  third  hand  for  pilots  who 
need  exti-a  help  in  operating  their  air- 
planes. Professor  Babcock's  work,  then, 
is  not  only  of  theoretical  interest,  but 
has  many  practical  applications  also. 

Men  have  been  trying  to  analyze 
speech  for  many  years  and  so  far 
have  had  very  little  success.  The  rea- 
son for  this  is  that  the  speech  signal 

TECHNOGRAPHI 


itself  is  extremely  complicated.  Not 
onl\-  are  the  sounds  of  the  \o\\els  and 
consonants  varied  and  different,  but 
the  same  word  pronounced  by  several 
people  ma\-  seem  to  be  an  entireh- 
different  signal  to  the  machine.  These 
problems,  coupled  with  the  fact  that 
there  are  hundreds  of  thousands  of 
words  in  our  language,  make  the  task 
of  speech  analysis  a  diffic\ilt  one  in- 
deed. 

Professor  Babcock  is  attacking  tliis 
problem  in  what  he  feels  is  a  new  and 
quite  promising  wa\'.  He  is  looking  at 
speech  and  trying  to  find  what  he 
calls  "invariants,"  or  certain  character- 
istics of  sounds  and  words  which  do 
not  change  with  the  accent,  volume, 
or  speed  of  the  speaker.  He  feels  that 
these  invariants  are  located  in  the 
regions  of  a  word  where  a  transition 
takes  place,  as  occurs  when  the 
speaker  changes  from  a  vowel  to  a 
consonant  sound,  or  from  a  consonant 
to  a  vowel  sound.  This  change  is 
shown  above  in  the  word  Techno- 
graph  which  is  pictured  along  the  top 
of  the  page. 

This  picture  of  the  word  %\'as  taken 
by  running  a  photosensitive  paper 
under  beams  of  light  which  were  con- 
trolled electronicalK-  by  the  voice  sig- 
nals. The  bottom  line  (not  shown) 
consists  of  milli-second  time  marks, 
and  the  line  ne.xt  to  these  time  marks 
is  the  actual  broad  baud  sound  pres- 
sure wave  of  the  spoken  word.  The 
third  line,  in  the  middle  of  the  page, 
is  this  same  wave  but  limited  from  20 
to    5,000    cycles    per    second    of   fre- 


Dr. 

Babcock    i 

s    shown 

he 

re 

mok 

ing    Ihe 

voice 

recording 

piclurec 

0 

n 

the 

top    of 

poge 

12.    In    the    bockgrour 

d 

and 

to    the 

left   is 

the    frequ 

ency   analyz 

er 

His 

fingers 

ore  h 

aiding  dow 

n   the   pa 

pe 

(see  i 

Tset)  on 

which 

the    voice 

record! 

nq 

is 

made.    The 

lights 

which    do 

the    reco 

rdi 

nq 

ore 

visable 

just     above     the 

spot     w 

he 

e 

the 

photo- 

sensit 

ve  paper  r 

oils  out. 

quency.  The  fourth  through  eighth 
lines  represent  selected  frequencies 
present  about  117,  262,  523,  784,  and 
1047  cycles  per  second.  Dr.  Babcock 
is  looking  at  these  and  other  selected 
frequencies,  ninety-six  in  all,  and  their 
second  and  foiuih  derivatives  in  order 
to  see  if  he  can  find  any  of  the  invari- 
ants of  speech  which  make  it  possible 
for  one  person  to  communicate  with 
another. 


CLARINET 

-TRUMPET 


BASS    CLARINEX_ 

TROMBONE 
•  BASS    TUBA  


TENOR - 

-BASS 


Dr.  Babcock  is  pictured  with  this 
equency  analyzer  on  the  top  of  page 
13.  The  picture  in  the  lower  left-hand 
corner  on  page  12  shows  the  interior 
of  this  frequency  analyzer.  On  the 
far  right  are  some  of  the  ninety-six  dif- 
ferent frequency  filters.  The  banks  to 
the  left  are  the  second  and  fouitli 
derivative  analyzers.  This  machine 
cost  $20,000,  and  was  built  with  funds 
provided  by  the  Air  Force. 

Although  he  and  his  staff  have  spent 
many  long  hoius  looking  at  the  sound 
recordings  without  too  much  success. 
Dr.  Babcock  is  stUl  optimistic  that  his 
analysis  will  yield  new  and  import- 
ant infoHTiation  about  speech.  He 
pointed  out  that  in  such  a  new  field  as 
biological  computers,  the  solutions  to 
the  problems  may  require  the  de- 
velopment of  a  completely  new  type 
of  mathematics  or  electronic  circuit 
theory  which  is  completely  imknown 
today.  Dr.  Babcock  and  his  staff  will 
keep  working  on  these  problems,  and 
only  time  wiU  tell  how  soon  the  an- 
swers will  be  reached.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


|6 

90 

100                200 

500                1000 

20OO 

500  C 

16000 

CYCLESy^.                          •                    ■                          .                      .                      ■ 
LIMITS  OF  HUMAN  EAR   SENSITIVITY 

1! 

1  II  III 

1    1    1    M    ,    i    I    , 

DYNAMIC  SIGNAL   ANALYZER  SPECTRUM 

All  humon  speech  ts  composed  of  combinations 
of  the  frequencies  to  the  left  which  are  shown  in 
relation    to    the    musical    scale    and    musical    instru- 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


13 


Whafs  new  at  Bethlehem  Steel? 


On  a  Pennsylvania  mountaintop,  new  research  laboratories . . . 


<>««'Alk^<«JMiiM^c  . 


On  the  Indiana  lakefront,  ivere  building  a  new  steel  plant 

Looking  for  real  opportunity?   On  the  crest  of  South  Mountain,  in 
Bethlehem,  Pa.,  we  have  recently  completed  the  industry's  newest  research 
laboratories,  a  S  10-million  investment  aimed  at  making  Bethlehem  the 
leader  in  steel  technology.  And,  at  Burns  Harbor,  Indiana,  we're  building  a  new 
plant  at  an  initial  investment  of  $250  million.  It  will  incorporate 
the  latest  advances  known  to  metalworking  science. 

At  Bethlehem  Steel  we  have  our  sights  set  on  continuous  growth 
and  modernization :  constant  development  of  new  and  improved  products. 
This  means  career  opportunities  for  alert  and  aggressive  college  graduates  .  .  . 
in  steel  plant  operations,  sales,  research,  mining,  shipbuilding,  fabricated 
steel  construction,  and  many  other  activities. 

You  can  get  a  copy  of  our  booklet,  "Careers  with  Bethlehem  Steel 
and  the  Loop  Course,"  at  your  Placement  Office,  or  by  sending  a 
postcard  to  our  Personnel  Division.  Bethlehem.  Pa. 


BETHIEHEH 
STEEL 


BETHLEHEM   STEEL 


An  equal  opportunity  employer 


14 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Work  for  a  bearing  and  steel  company? 
What's  exciting  about  that? 


Nothing — if  you're  bored  by  Project 
Mohole,  turbine  engines,  the  world's 
tallest  crane,  and  biggest  strip-min- 
ing shovel,  a  telephone  cable-laying 
ship  now  crossing  the  Pacific,  space 
exploration,  the  Spirit  of  America 
race  car,  the  Alweg  Monorail,  a 
moveable  grandstand  for  the  new 
District  of  Columbia  Stadium,  Atlas 
missiles  and  defense  work — 

They're  all  recent  projects  involv- 
ing The  Timken  Roller  Bearing 
Company,  world's  largest  manu- 
facturer of  tapered  roller  bearings 
and  a  leading  producer  of  fine  alloy 
steel. 

The  Timken  Company  is  the 
world's  largest  because  our  engi- 
neers developed  tapered  roller  bear- 
ings that  revolutionized  our  "meat 


and  potatoes"  markets  in  the  Auto- 
motive, Railroad,  Farm  and  Con- 
struction machinery  industries. 

At  the  Timken  Company  you 
receive  up  to  four  years"  training  in 
one  or  more  of  22  training  programs 
—  80',  of  which  are  for  young 
engineers. 

Instruction  takes  place  on  the  job 
and  in  the  classroom.  With  pay.  And 
we  participate  in  executive  develop- 
ment programs  at  well-known  uni- 
versities. 

If  you  come  with  us,  you  can  be 
an  indoor-type  working  in  straight 
research,  testing  and  production.  Or 
you  can  be  an  indoor-outdoor-type 
and  become  a  sales  engineer,  helping 
customers  solve  their  design  prob- 
lems, which  are  also  ours. 


You'll  work  with  one  of  three 
products:  Bearings,  Steel  or  Rock 
Bits.  Uses  for  these  products  number 
in  the  growing  thousands. 

There  are  31  Timken  Company 
domestic  sales  offices  in  the  United 
States  and  Canada.  Practically  every 
major  city  has  one. 

We  serve  markets  in  119  countries 
from  14  manufacturing  plants  in 
England,  France,  Austraha,  South 
Africa,  Canada,  and  the  U.  S. 

And  we're  still  growing. 

So  if  you're  interested  in  our  kind 
of  work,  why  not  get  in  touch  with 
us?  Write  Dept.  MC  for  our  12-page 
career  booklet. 

The  Timken  Roller  Bearing 
Company,  Canton,  Ohio  44706.  An 
equal  opportunity  employer. 


"^m 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


15 


A  Mofflent  Of  Reflection 


by  DAVID  GIFFIN 


A  HISTORY  OF  MATERIALS 
TESTING  AT  THE  U   OF  I 

Very  often  undergraduate  engi- 
neers get  so  deeply  involved  in  their 
studies  they  tend  to  lose  their  per- 
spective, their  position  in  relation  to 
their  environment.  Thus  sometimes  a 
look  into  how  some  present  behavior 
or  physical  entity  came  about  can 
impart  a  deeper  meaning  to  it,  a 
richer  understanding.  So  if  you  have 
a  few  minutes,  lean  back  and  relax  .  . . 

In  1887  a  young  professor  began  to 
give  instruction  in  laboratory  work  in 
materials  at  the  University  of  Illinois. 
Using  homemade  equipment  and  de- 
Ndsing  his  own  experimental  methods. 
Professor  Arthur  N.  Talbot  was  among 
the  first  at  Illinois  to  use  the  labora- 
tory as  a  way  of  teacliing,  a  metliod 
regarded  with  suspicion  when  it  was 


first  introduced  in  1870.  In  1890,  Pro- 
fessor Talbot  was  named  head  of  a 
ne\\'  department,  the  Department  of 
Theoretical  and  Applied  Mechanics. 
From  this  modest  beginning  has 
grown  one  of  the  finest  materials  test- 
ing laboratories  in  the  country. 

Materials  testing  had  its  first  home 
in  1902  when  a  laboratory  of  applied 
mechanics  was  built.  Most  of  the  test- 
ing equipment  was  homemade,  and 
although  by  present  standards  these 
machines  were  more  creatures  of  brute 
force  than  tools  of  scientific  measure- 
ment, they  performed  much  pioneer 
work  in  materials.  Early  work  in  con- 
crete performed  by  Professor  Talbot 
remains  today  as  authoritative  infor- 
mation on  the  subject.  In  1919  experi- 
ments in  fatigue  of  metals  led  to  some 


of  the  first  knowledge  of  metal  be- 
havior; the  investigation  was  regarded 
as  one  of  the  most  \  aluable  of  its  kind 
ever  made.  In  the  early  20's  work  on 
steam  locomotive  tractive  effort  and 
train  resistance  on  railroads  was  per- 
formed using  an  actual  steam  loco- 
motive in  the  laboratory,  which  was 
run  at  full  speed  \\hile  sitting  atop  a 
system  of  rollers.  The  tests  proved 
invaluable  to  raihoads  during  the  era 
of  the  steam  engine. 

These  early  materials  tests  were  per- 
formed with  ver\'  little  prior  informa- 
tion and  \\ith  equipment  conceived 
and  built  right  in  the  laboratory.  The 
work  was  truly  original;  it  laid  the 
foundation  for  later  materials  testing 
machines  and  methods. 

In  1930  the  T.  &  A.M.  Department 


16 


TECHNOGRAPH 


in(i\ed  to  a  new  building,  the  Mate- 
rials Testing  Laboratory  (in  1938  re- 
named Arthur  Newell  Talbot  Labora- 
tory), where  it  remains  today.  The 
new  laboratory  was  equipped  \\ith  the 
latest  factory-made  testing  machines, 
including  a  monster  capable  of  wield- 
ing 3,000,000  pounds  of  force  upon 
test  specimens  up  to  a  length  of  38 'a 
feet.  Some  of  these  precision-made 
machines  pulled  specimens  in  tension 
until  fracture  occurred  and  registered 
the  force  (stress)  applied  throughout 
the  test;  some  were  designed  for  com- 
pression tests,  some  for  creep  tests, 
and  some  for  fatigue  tests.  With  these 


eseni 


irds 


entif.c 


1903— Although  by 
"homemade"  testing  machine  was  mo 
creature  of  brute  force  than  a  tool  of 
measurement,  much  pioneer  work  in  materials  was 
performed  by  Professor  Talbot  at  the  University  of 
Illinois.  Today  some  of  his  early  work  in  the 
concrete  area  still  remains  as  the  only  authorita- 
tive information  on  the  subject. 


machines,  data  on  a  particular  ma- 
terial could  be  recorded  and  compared 
with  that  of  other  materials.  As  new- 
materials  were  fabricated,  tests  were 
performed  on  them  using  these  various 
machines  to  determine  their  mechan- 
ical behavior  under  different  condi- 
tions of  loading.  Through  these  many 
tests,  fairly  precise  behavior  of  a  ma- 
terial could  be  predicted.  Recommen- 
dations could  be  made  concerning  the 
best  uses  of  the  material;  also  its  ad- 
vantages and  disadvantages  could  be 
stated,  as  compared  to  other  materials 
used  for  similar  purposes. 

It  was  during  the  early  years  of 
Talbot  Laboratory  that  the  T.  &  A.M. 
Department  became  known  as  an 
authority  on  materials  testing.  A  tre- 
mendous amount  of  work  was  per- 
formed in  these  years,  sponsored  by 
both  government  and  private  industry. 
With  World  War  II  came  demands 
from  government  for  new  materials 
and  for  new  uses  of  standard  mate- 
rials. In  the  war  years  the  Department 
performed  a  great  amount  of  govern- 
ment research:  fatigue  tests  of  an 
aluminum  alloy  for  airplane  pro- 
pellers; work  on  new  types  of  pro- 
peller blades;  studies  concerning  the 
use  of  laminated  plastics  for  airplane 
construction;  and  tests  on  various 
types  of  tank  armor  plate.  Other  ex- 
perimental work  was  also  performed, 

FEBRUARY,    1964 


but  because  it  was  highly  restricted, 
little  record  of  it  is  available. 

As  time  went  by,  new  and  improved 
testing  machines  took  the  place  of 
manv  of  those  installed  when  Talbot 


1930 — Installation  of  the  testing  machine  Ion  I 
mark  in  Talbot  laboratory.  This  factory-made  pr- 
cision  "monster"  is  copable  of  wielding  3,000,00 
pounds  of  force  upon  test  specimens  up  to  u 
length  of  38 '/j    feet. 


Laboratory  was  built.  Some  of  these 
newer  machines  combine  in  one  ma- 
chine many  of  the  tests  which  used  to 
be  performed  in  several  separate 
machines,  which  saves  much  time 
usually  required  to  set  up  the  speci- 
men in  many  different  types  of  test 
apparatus.  Some  machines  in  use  now 
can  perform  tension  tests  at  widely 
var\'ing  speeds  (strain  rates)  in  order 
to  find  differences  in  material  behavior 
with  different  loading  rates.  New 
equipment  also  allows  tests  to  be 
performed  at  extremely  high  and  ex- 
tremely low  temperatures  ( from  about 
1600°C.  to  78°C.,  the  temperature 
of  liquid  nitrogen)  to  determine 
material  behavior  in  a  wide  range  of 
earth  and  space  environments. 

Last  year  a  new  and  fascinating 
testing  technique  was  instituted  in 
Talbot  Laboratory.  It  is  being  used 
by  the  research  staff  and  also  for 
demonstration  purposes  in  T.  &  A.M. 
224.  It  is  called  the  electro-hvdraulic 


1963 — This  machine  using  the  electro-hydraulic 
closed-loop  system  is  an  integration  of  nearly 
every  kind  of  testing   machine. 


closed-^loop  system.  This  system  is  an 
integration  of  nearly  every  kind  of 
testing  machine,  and  it  can  perform 
these  various  tests  in  a  small  work 
space.  Basically  the  system  is  made  up 
of  a  mechanical  test  unit,  a  power 
source,  and  a  control  unit.  Directions 
are  sent  to  the  mechanical  unit 
through  the  controller,  which  acti- 
vates the  test  unit.  As  the  test  is  run, 
electric  signals  are  sent  from  the 
mechanical  unit  back  through  the 
controller,  where  the  actual  behavior 
is  compared  to  the  desired  control.  If 
there  is  a  discrepancy,  the  controller 
automatically  adjusts  the  system  to 
the  desired  control.  Thus  a  closed  loop 
is  formed:  desired  program,  control, 
actuation,  feedback,  further  control, 
etc.  A  human  operator  is  not  required 
to  maintain  control  at  any  point.  A 
far  cry  indeed  from  the  first  home- 
made testing  equipment. 

And  in  the  future?  There  are  good 
possibilities  of  merging  the  closed- 
loop  system  with  an  analog  computer. 
This  type  of  testing  could  determine 
the  performance  of  a  specimen  in 
some  entire  physical  system.  It  could 
also  be  used  to  compile,  store,  print 
out,  and  compare  results  of  materials 
tests. 

It  is  not  too  unfeasible  that  in  a 
few  decades,  tests  in  Talbot  Labora- 
tory will  be  performed  by  tossing  a 
chunk  of  material  into  a  macliine 
which  will  examine  it,  crush  it,  heat 
it,  freeze  it— in  short  do  everything 
to  it— and  then  tell  the  operator  how 
it  liked  it!  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


17 


Picture  of 

a  committee 

at  work! 


The  man  in  the  picture  is  a  committee  of 
one  having  a  big  meeting  — with  an  idea. 

He  is  working  independently  in  one  of 
nine  modern  engineering  and  research  cen- 
ters established  by  International  Harvester 
—a  company  which  has  doubled  its  re- 
search and  engineering  budgets  in  the  past 
ten  years. 

Few  other  companies  have  created  so 
many  new  opportunities  for  college  gradu- 
ates with  scientific  ambitions. 

If  you  are  a  mechanical,  industrial,  elec- 
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allurgical, general  or  civil  engineer... or  a 
mathematician,  computer  technologist  or 
program  analyst,  you  are  invited  to  learn 
more  about  new  and  challenging  engineer- 
ing assignments  at  IH  now. 

We  are  now  interviewing  men  interested 
in  careers  in  the  design,  development,  engi- 
neering, manufacturing  and  testing  of  more 
than  a  thousand  different  IH  products. 

The  men  chosen  will  be  recognized 
members  of  a  team  that  is  first  in  world 
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in  gas  turbine  development. 

Would  you  like  to  get  better  acquainted? 
Just  send  the  coupon  below. 

Using  a  mile  of  wire  and  320  strain  gages,  a 
young  engineer  sets  up  static  stress  tests  in  the 
new  IH  Construction  Equipment  Laboratory. 


n 


[]. 


International  Harvester  Company 


An  Equal  Opportunity  Etnployer 


New  booklet  describes  our  engineering  and  research 
centers.  For  your  copy,  mail  this  coupon  to:  General 
Supervisor  of  Employment,  International  Harvester 
Company,   180  N.  Michigan  Avenue,  Chicago   1,  111. 

AN  INTERNATIONAL  HARVESTER 

REPRESENTATIVE  WILL  BE  ON  YOUR  CAMPUS 

SOON.  IF  YOU  WOULD  LIKE  A  PERSONAL 

INTERVIEW,  PLEASE  CHECK  HERE  Q 


18 


AnnRFSS 

(Please  Print) 

riTv 

STATE 

M»  TDR 

srHoni 

YFAR  r.RAniriTiNir. 

TECHNOGRAPH 


From  the  ocean's  depths 


to  outer  space. 


The  scope  of  projects  under  development  at  the  Bendix 
Corporation  ranges  from  advanced  oceanics  to  a  landing 
gear  for  lunar  surface  vehicles  and  countless  things  in 
between.  College  graduates  find  depth  of  technological 
challenge  in  their  assignments,  whether  it  be  in  the  space, 
missile,  aviation,  electronics,  automotive,  oceanics  or 
automation  fields.  Bendix  employs  top-notch  engineers, 
physicists,  and  mathematicians  at  all  degree  levels.  They 
enjoy  the  prestige  of  Bendix  achievement  and  challenge. 
Bendix  operates  26  divisions  and  8  subsidiaries  in  the 


United  States,  and  12  subsidiaries  and  affiliates  in  Canada 
and  overseas.  Our  1950  sales  volume  was  $210  million. 
Last  year  it  was  over  $750  million. 

Look  over  our  materials  in  your  placement  office.  Talk 
to  our  representative  when  he's  on  campus.  If  you'd  like 
to  have  your  own  copy  of  our  booklet  "Build  Your  Career 
to  Suit  Your  Talents,"  write  to  Dr.  A.  C.  Canfield,  Director 
of  University  and  Scientific  Relations,  The  Bendix  Cor- 
poration, Fisher  Building,  Detroit  2,  Michigan.  An  equal 
opportunity  employer. 


THERE    ARE    BENDIX    DIVISIONS    IN:    CALIFORNIA,    MISSOURI,    IOWA,    OHIO,    INDIANA,    MICHIGAN,    PENNSYLVANIA,    NEW    YORK,    NEW    JERSEY,    MARYLAND. 


WHERE  IDEAS 

UNLOCK 

THE  FUTURE 


'"E^ffow^r 


CREATIVE    ENGINEERING    FOR:    SPACE   D   MISSILES   D   AVIATION   D   AUTOMOTIVE   D   OCEANICS   D  AUTOMATION 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


19 


GLUE  IN  THE  RAFTERS 


Building  a  new  home  has  always  been  a  dramatic 
event  for  the  homchuilder.  The  U  of  I  Snwll  Homes 
Council-Building  Research  Council  is  helping  to  in- 
sure that  these  new  homes  are  progressively  more 
durable  and  less  expensive. 


by   JOSEPH   CABLK   GE   '64 


The  University  of  Illinois  Small 
Homes  Council-Building  Research 
Council  and  the  Purdue  University 
Wood  Research  Laboratory  have 
teamed  up  to  help  solve  an  age  old 
problem:  how  to  fabricate  a  durable 
home  at  a  minimum  expense.  The 
answer— nail-glued  roof  tmsses. 

Over  60  per  cent  of  the  homes  built 
today  utilize  a  prefabricated  roof 
truss.  These  trusses  create  a  greater 
design  freedom  because  they  eliminate 
the  need  for  beams  and  load  bearing 
partitions.  Until  now,  however,  tliese 
trusses  have  been  connected  by  nails, 
si.xty  different  types  of  metal  connec- 
tors, bolts,  split-rings,  or  screws. 

Illinois  and  Purdue  have  developed 
and  proven  satisfactory  various-nail- 
glued  trusses  which  can  be  fabricated 


easily  and  inexpensively  without  a  loss 
of  durability  and  stiffness. 

There  are  many  advantages  of  nail- 
glued  trusses  over  other  means  of 
connections.  The  glue  joint  is  more 
rigid  than  any  other  means  of  con- 
nection and  maintains  its  rigidity  even 
after  the  lumber  has  dried.  Nail-glued 
trusses  can  be  fabricated  with  a  ham- 
mer and  a  paint  roller;  no  expensive 
equipment  is  required.  In  addition, 
no   angle   cuts   are  required   on  the 


members    of   the   truss. 

In  one  application,  for  example,  a 
24-foot  king-post  shop-fabricated  truss 
can  be  built  wdth  material  and  labor 
cost  of  $11.50.  Delamination  of  the 
plywood  will  occur  before  the  glue 
breaks  its  bond. 

MATERIAL 

The  materials  used  in  the  manu- 
facture of  nail-glued  trusses  should 
meet  certain  requirements.  The  mem- 
bers of  the  truss  should  be  Douglas 


Nail-glued  trusses  can  be  fabricated  with  only 
a  hammer  and  a  paint  roller.  A  24-foot  king-post 
shop-fabricated  truss  con  be  built  with  material 
and  lobor  for  about  $11.50. 


20 


TECHNOGRAPH  • 


1-  ir  lumber  whose  flexure  strength  is 
a  minimum  of  1,500  psi.  Gusset  plates 
of  1"  boards,  or  %"  or  Vz"  plywood 
are  recommended.  Casein  glue,  Fed- 
eral Specification— MMM-A-125,  Type 
I  or  II,  mixed  in  accordance  with 
niiUiufacturer's  specifications,  should 
be  used.  Nails  or  staples  that  are 
dri\cn  manually  or  mechanicalh'  are 
used  for  holding  the  gusset  plates  to 
the  members  while  the  glue  is  curing. 
Nails  or  staples  do  not  provide  sig- 
nificant structural  strength  after  the 
glue  is  cured. 

Methods  of  testing  have  improved 
considerably  in  the  last  ten  years.  SX 
first,    the    back-breaking    method    of 


that  will  be  imposed  upon  the  truss 
could  be  easily  calculated.  Live  loads 
were  estimated.  In  the  midwest,  25 
psf.  is  usually  assumed  as  a  snow  load; 
this  is  equivalent  to  6"  of  rain  or  60" 
of  snow.  To  produce  the  maximum 
allowable  deflection  of  L  270,  the  live 
load  on  a  short-span  truss  woidd  have 
to  be  equivalent  to  10  feet  of  snow.  It 
was  concluded  that  the  truss  was  not 
only  strong,  but  also  very  stiff. 

Now  there  is  no  need  to  use  primi- 
tive methods  of  testing  trusses.  Other 
methods  have  been  found  to  simulate 
conditions  of  loading. 

.\  full-scale  test  unit,  consisting  of  a 
structural  floor  slab,  steel  holding 
brackets,  and  a  hydraulic  s\stem  for 
applying  loads,  has  been  developed. 


analysis  of  the  nail-glued  truss.  Many 
assumptions  must  be  made  when  the 
computer  is  used.  The  biggest  assump- 
tions are  that  the  structure  is  homo- 
geneous in  both  directions,  and  that 
the  joint  is  rigid  and  therefore  acts  as 
one  unit.  The  computer  study  is  still 
unpublished,  but  will  show  that  it 
relates  fairly  closely  to  the  scaled- 
down  testing. 

fiilU^i  APPLICATIONS 

Nail-glued  roof  trusses  developed 
by  Illinois  and  Purdue  have  proven 
most  satisfactory,  yet  the  rate  of  their 
general  acceptance  has  been  limited 
by  the  Federal  Housing  Administra- 
tion, and  local  building  codes  and  in- 
spectors. They  fear  that  the  builder, 


This    back  breaking    method    of    testing    glued 

joints   shown    below   tios   been    replaced    by  a   new 
tiydraulic   system    stiown    in    ttie   rigtit    photo. 


Illinois  and  Purdue  have  developed  o  full-scale 
test  unit  to  test  glued  joints.  This  test  unit  consists 
of  o  structural  floor  slob,  steel  holding  brackets, 
and   a   hydraulic  system   for   applying    loads. 


loading  concrete  blocks  on  top  of  the 
truss  was  used  to  find  the  ultimate 
load  bearing  properties.  The  glued 
joint  could  not  be  broken.  Failure  oc- 
curred at  the  glue  bond  between  the 
first  and  second  la\ers  in  the  pl\-Avood 
gusset  plates.  These  experiments  w^ere 
fruitless  because  the  strength  was  not 
the  limiting  factor. 

It  was  back  to  the  job  of  loading 
the  truss  to  measure  the  deflection  at 
the  center  of  the  span.  To  prevent 
plaster  from  cracking,  a  deflection 
equal  to  the  span  di\ided  b\-  360  is 
permissible.  The  researchers  at  Illinois 
and  Purdue  chose  ^4  of  this  require- 
ment, or  the  span  divided  by  270,  as 
the  allowable  deflection.  Dead  loads 


This  test  unit  enables  the  researchers 
to  detect  specimen  failure  immed- 
iately, to  apply  uniform  loads,  to 
simp]if\-  instrumentation,  to  apply 
multi-directional  loads,  to  appl\-  re- 
peated loads  at  short  inters-als,  and 
to  economize  in  testing  space. 

Recently,  scaled-down  models  have 
been  tried  to  find  out  if  they  can  be 
used  to  simulate  full-scale  testing. 
The  limitations  in  this  type  of  testing 
are  numerous  and,  therefore,  model 
testing  cannot  be  used  alone.  Wood, 
being  non-homogeneous,  cannot  be 
used  for  the  model.  Plastic  or  metal 
models  must  be  used. 

Everything  these  days  seems  to  be 
going  into  a  computer,  and  so  has  the 


in  an  effort  to  cut  constiuction  costs, 
will  not  use  the  proper  glue,  or  will 
shorten  the  curing  period,  thereby 
reducing  the  bonding  strength.  The 
FHA  does  approve  shop-fabricated 
trusses  manufactured  under  controlled 
conditions  and  nail-glued  trusses  fab- 
ricated on  location  while  they  are  in- 
specting. After  seeing  its  performance, 
most  building  inspectors  have  also 
become  con\inced  that  the  nail-glued 
truss  is  excellent.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 

Information  pcrtaininiS,  to  design 
and  fabrication  may  he  obtained  from 
the  University  of  Illinois  Small  Homes 
Couneil-BtiihUnfi  Research  Council. 
Mumford  House,   Urbana.   Illinois. 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


21 


^C'  ■•■•■■  ''!-■ 


kTERVIEW 
lOOM  A 


Come  in-and  bring  your  career  questions 


"Giving  you  the  answers"  is  the  job  of  the 
Allied  Chemical  campus  interviewer.  He  will 
be  here,  on  your  campus,  soon.  He  would  like 
to  talk  with  you— to  answer  your  questions— 
to  help  you  get  the  facts  you  need  to  make 
a  sound  career  decision.  When  you  see  him, 
feel  free  to  ask  him  all  the  questions  that  are 

DIVISIONS;  BARRm  •   FIBERS  •   GENERAL  CHEMICAL  •   INTERNATIONAL  • 


Hied 
hemical 


important  to  you.  And  remember,  the  more 
definite  your  questions,  the  more  career  help 
he  can  give  you.  Your  placement  office  can 
tell  you  when  he  will  arri\e— and  supply  you 
with  a  copy  of  "Your  Future  in  Allied 
Chemical."  Allied  Chemical  Corporation, 
BASIC  TO  AMERICA'S  PROGRESS     Dcpt.  190.    61  Broadway,  New  York  6,  N.  Y. 

NATIONAL  ANILINE  •   NITROGEN  •   PLASTICS  •  SEMET-SOLVAY  •  SOLVAY  PROCESS  •   UNION  TEXAS  PETROLEUM 
AN  EOUAL  OPPORTUNITY  EMPLOYER 


22 


TECHNOGRAPH 


mnocull 


i'p* 1"  ■ 


ivliss     r/ancu    ^oelhere 


r^*L»  •'^"'NSB^^lswf 


THERE  WILL  BE  AN  EAGL 


24 


)N  THE  MOON... 


ur  world-recognized  trademark— "the  P&WA  eagle"— has  been 
lentified  with  progress  in  flight  propulsion  for  almost  four  decades, 
panning  the  evolution  of  power  from  yesterday's  reciprocating 
ngines  to  today's  rockets.  Tomorrow  will  find  that  same  Pratt  & 
Whitney  Aircraft  eagle  carrying  men  and  equipment  to  the  moon  and 
>  even  more  distant  reaches  of  outer  space. 

ngineering  achievement  of  this  magnitude  is  directly  traceable  to 
ur  conviction  that  basic  and  applied  research  is  essential  to  healthy 
regress.  Today's  engineers  at  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft  accept  no 
miting  criteria.  They  are  moving  ahead  in  many  directions  to  advance 
ur  programs  in  energy  conversion  for  every  environment. 

ur  progress  on  current  programs  is  exciting,  for  it  anticipates  the 
fiallenges  of  tomorrow.  We  are  working,  for  example,  in  such  areas 
s  advanced  gas  turbines  .  .  .  rocket  engines  .  .  .  fuel  cells  .  . .  nuclear 
ower— all  opening  up  new  avenues  of  exploration  in  every  field  of 
erospace,  marine  and  industrial  power  application. 


he  breadth  of  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft  programs  requires  virtually  every  tech- 
ical  talent .  .  .  requires  ambitious  young  engineers  and  scientists  who  can  con- 
ibute  to  our  advances  of  the  state  of  the  art.  Your  degree?  It  can  be  a  B.S.,  M.S. 
r  Ph.D.  in:  MECHANICAL  .  AERONAUTICAL  •  ELECTRICAL  •  CHEMICAL  and 
UCLEAR  ENGINEERING  •  PHYSICS  •  CHEMISTRY  •  METALLURGY  •  CE- 
AMICS  •  MATHEMATICS  •  ENGINEERING SCIENCEor  APPLIED  MECHANICS. 


:areer  boundaries  with  us  can  be  further  extended  through  a  corpo- 
ation-financed  Graduate  Education  Program.  For  further  information 
;garding  opportunities  at  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft,  consult  your  col- 
!ge  placementofficer— or— write  to  Mr.  William  L.  Stoner,  Engineering 
department,  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft,  East  Hartford  8,  Connecticut. 


=ratt&  Whitney  fiircraft 

CONNECTICUT  OPERATIONS     EAST  HARTFORD,  CONNECTICUT 
LORIDA  OPERATIONS    WEST  PALM  BEACH,  FLORIDA 


u 

ED  AIF 

P 


DIVISION  OF  UNITED  AIRCRAFT  CORP. 


An  Equal  Opportunily  Employer 


SPECIALISTS  IN  POWER...  POWER  FOR  PROPULSION-POWER 
FOR  AUXILIARY  SYSTEMS.  CURRENT  UTILIZATIONS  INCLUDE 
AIRCRAFT,  MISSILES,  SPACE  VEHICLES,  MARINE  AND  IN- 
DUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS. 


25 


INSTANT  STORMS 


by  JOHN  LITHERLAND 


Dr.  Ven  Te  Chow,  Professor  of  Hydraulic  Engi- 
neering in  the  C.  E.  department  at  the  University 
of  Illinois,  is  directing  a  research  project  to  create 
artificial  rain  in  the  laboratory  and  measure  the 
resulting  runoff.  Such  research  may  make  it  possi- 
ble to  control  flooding  and  erosion  and  thus  save 
much  of  one  of  our  most  important  natural  re- 
sources— soil. 


Ever  since  Noah  built  the  ark  some 
44  centuries  ago,  men  liave  been  in- 
terested in  rain  and  floods.  However, 
surprisingly  enough,  very  httle  is 
known  in  many  areas  concerning  rain- 
fall and  runoff  and  the  characteristics 
of  water  flowing  overland. 

Open  channel  hydraulics  pertains 
to  the  movement  of  water  through 
rivers,  streams,  and  man-made  water- 
ways. The  characteristics  of  open 
channel  hydraulics  have  been  well 
developed.  But  even  more  basic  than 
this  study  is  the  study  of  the  flow  of 
water  over  drainage  basins.  By  pro- 
ducing rain  in  the  laboratory.  Dr.  \'en 
Te  Chow,  Department  of  Civil  Engi- 
neering, University  of  lUinois,  will 
perform  basic  investigation  on  con- 
trolled models  to  determine  the  char- 
acteristics of  such  flow. 

Dr.  Chow  is  the  project  director  of 
a  three  year  research  program  spon- 
sored by  the  National  Science  Foun- 
dation and  aimed  at  developing  basic 
laws  concerning  the  flow  of  \\ater 
over  watershed  basins.  The  Founda- 
tion has  appropriated  $171,350.00  for 
this  research. 

The  program  is  designed  for  three 
phases,  each  phase  requiring  about 
one  year.  The  first  phase  is  currently 
underway  and  concerns  the  planning 
and  design  of  equipment  and  models. 

The  experimental  equipment  will 
consist  of  an  artificial  rain-producing 
mechanism    overlying   a    model    of   a 


watershed.  According  to  the  present 
plan,  the  rain-making  device  will 
consist  of  four  hundred  2'  by  2'  in- 
dividual units  each  of  which  can  be 
controlled  separately,  for  flexibility. 
Raindrops  will  be  produced  by  a 
system  of  hypodermic  needles  in  each 
unit.  A  small  pump  will  supply  the 
water.  By  varying  the  pressure  of  the 
water  on  the  needles,  raindrop  di- 
ameter can  be  varied  from  0.5  to  5.0 
mm. 

By  holding  all  other  factors  con- 
stant, this  rain-producing  mechanism 
can  be  used  to  detennine  the  effects 
that  rainfall  intensity,  raindrop  size, 
duration  of  the  storm,  area  distribu- 
tion, time  distribution,  and  storm 
movement  have  on  the  characteristics 
of  water  flow  over  any  given  model 
watershed. 

The  maximum  size  of  the  model 
watershed  will  be  40'  x  40'  (the  size 
of  the  artificial  storm  area)  and  may 
be  any  size  smaller  than  this.  The 
geometry  of  the  basin  may  be  varied 


from  elliptical  and  circular  shapes  to 
squares.  Other  variable  factors  vwU 
include  slope,  channel  density,  sur- 
face roughness,  and  soil  conditions. 
The  latter  two  variables  depend  large- 
ly on  the  use  to  which  the  land  is  put. 
The  drainage  basin  characteristics  will 
be  the  hardest  \ariables  to  establish 
laws  for,  as  it  is  easily  seen  that  there 
can  be  infinitely  many  variations  of 
such  factors  as  surface  roughness  and 
soil  condition. 

In  addition  to  tlais  equipment,  there 
will  need  to  be  a  complex  system  of 
sensing  devices  to  measvire  the  output 
discharge  from  the  drainage  basin. 
One  of  the  University's  high-speed 
computers  will  be  programmed  to 
automatically  plot  the  hydrographs  of 
the  out]^5ut  and  to  eliminate  the  man- 
ual labor  of  organization  and  com- 
putation of  solutions  from  the  data. 

An  impulse  stepping  switch  will  be 
used    to    control    previously    pro- 

(Confinucd  on  page  44) 


26 


TECHNOGRAPH 


John  Lauritzen  wanted  further  knowledge 

f 


He's  finding  it  at  Western  Electric 


When  the  University  of  Nevada  awarded  John  Lauritzen 
his  B.S.E.E.  in  1951,  it  was  only  the  first  big  step  in  the 
learning  program  he  envisions  for  himself.  This  led  him 
to  Western  Electric.  ForWE  agrees  that  ever-increasing 
knowledge  is  essential  to  the  development  of  its  engi- 
neers—and is  helping  John  in  furthering  his  education. 
John  attended  one  of  Western  Electric's  three  Grad- 
uate Engineering  Training  Centers  and  graduated  with 
honors.  Now, through  the  Company-paidTuition  Refund 
Plan,  John  is  working  toward  his  Master's  in  Indus- 
trial Management  at  Brooklyn  Polytechnic  Institute. 
He  is  currently  a  planning  engineer  developing  test 
equipment  for  the  Bell  System's  revolutionary,  new 


electronic  telephone  switching  system. 

If  you  set  the  highest  standards  for  yourself,  both 
educationally  and  professionally,  we  should  talk.  West- 
ern Electric's  vast  communications  job  as  manufactur- 
ing unit  of  the  Bell  System  provides  many  opportunities 
for  fast-moving  careers  for  electrical,  mechanical  and 
industrial  engineers,  as  well  as  for  physical  science, 
liberal  arts  and  business  majors.  Get  your  copy 
of  the  Western  Electric  Career  Opportunities  booklet 
from  your  Placement  Officer.  Or  write:  Western 
Electric,  Room  6405,  222  Broadway,  New  York  38, 
N.  Y.  And  be  sure  to  arrange  for  an  interview  when 
the  Bell  System  recruiting  team  visits  your  campus. 


MANUFACTURING    AND    SUPPLY   UNIT  OF  THE   BELL  SYSTEM 


Western  Electric 

AN  EQUAL  OPPORTUNITY  EMPLOYER 

Principal  manufacturing  locations  in  13  cities    •    Operating    centers  in  many  ot  these  same  cities  plus  36  others  throughout  the  U.  S.     ■     Engineering  Researcl 
Center,  Princeton,  New  Jersey    •   Teletype  Corporation.  Skokie.  Illinois,  Little  Rock.  Arkansas    ■    General  heatJouarters.    195   Broadway.  New  York  7.  New  Yori 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


27 


by  BEAUREGARD   DANGERBRIDGE 

Well  now  Engineers,  you've  born 
with  old  Beauregard  for  four  months 
now,  and  it's  time  he  gave  you  some- 


thing to  show  for  it.  Do  any  of  you 
wet-eared  problem  solvers  know  what 
happened  just  a  few  days  ago?  Of 
course  not!  Your  generation  just 
doesn't  have  time  for  the  finer  things 
of  life.  Why,  back  in  my  day  the  engi- 
neers really  kept  busy  around  Febru- 
ary 14th.  Yes  Sir!  We  knew  what  Saint 
Valentine's  day  was  for  in  tlie  20's 
(and  none  of  yoiu-  smart-aleck  cracks 


about  Chicago  mobsters  either). 

This  month  old  Dangerbridge  will 
open  the  doors  to  the  past  and  give 
you  grade-grubbers  a  look  at  how 
engineers  wooed  the  girls  back  in  the 
good  olde  days.  Reprinted  below  is  a 
little  poem  written  by  a  Technograph 
staff  member  back  in  1925:  a  Valen- 
tine for  the  man  who  isn't  afraid  to. 
tell  the  truth  about  his  feelings. 


DE   PONTIBUS 
A  Statistically  Indeterminate  Love  Song 


^  itooci    on    tlie   oric/ge   at   inianlght, 

_^   iinipie   f-'^ralt-truSi    dpan, 
and   intt    linneri    were    nelct  Jixed-enaea 

J'«    Ine    claip    of    mu    love  —  dear    -y^nn. 

— ^ncl  ai    ~y   there   iurveited   tier, 
illlu    love   do  paiiina    fair. 
lA/nile    a    iportive    wind   load   Midden 
\^auied   teniile    streiA    in    her   Itair. 


.^^nn,    wilt    thou    wath    beiide    me 

oLonn    life  i    hard   iurlaced   roadC 
KJn    mil    ribi '  Spiral  reinforcement 

If  III    heart   ieti    up    an    impact   load. 

\^li,    -y^nn,    beam    thou    upon    mu    life; 
^  praii    thee    do    not   dim    it. 
— ^nd  mil    ion    when    she    iolllii    whispered       [y^^t 
Exceeded    the    elastic    limit. 

From  the  November,  1925  issue  of  Technograph. 


News  Notes  From  Outlook 


HOW  TO  TALK   TO  A   COMPUTER 

The  electronic  computer,  one  of 
man's  most  useful  tools,  is  not  easy  to 
communicate  witli.  In  a  few  words  or 
short  sentences  one  engineer  can  give 
another  engineer  "instructions"  for 
performing  a  complex  task,  but  he 
must  give  a  computer  hundreds  or 
thousands  of  instructions  to  make  it 
do  the  same  job.  Not  only  is  this 
method  of  instructing  far  removed 
from  the  engineer's  normal  way  of 
thinking,  but  it  makes  programming 
time-consuming  and  expensive.  This 
tends  to  stereotype  the  engineer's 
work  because  of  his  inclination  to  use 
already-existing  programs.  A  project 
to  develop  a  means  of  communicating 
with  computers  in  everyday  or  "prob- 
lem-oriented" language  is  currently 
in  progress  in  the  University  of  Illinois 
Department  of  Civil  Engineering. 
This  project,  which  is  directed  by 


Dr.  S.  J.  FenVes,  is  aimed  toward  the 
development  of  a  system  through 
which  the  computer  can  be  "in- 
structed" by  the  same  words  one  engi- 
neer would  use  to  instruct  another. 
The  initial  work  is  specifically  directed 
toward  programming  the  computer 
for  structural  analysis  problems,  but 
eventually  the  system  will  be  applied 
to  other  phases  of  structinal  engineer- 
ing such  as  structural  mechanics,  de- 
sign, detailing,  specification  checking, 
quantity  takeofi^,  and  erection  schedul- 
ing. The  system  has  been  designated 
STRESS,  for  Structural  Engineering 
System  Solver.  STRESS  is  actually  a 
computer  program  or  processor  that 
serves  as  an  interpreter  which  accepts 
problem-oriented  language  and  trans- 
lates it  into  computer  language.  When 
the  system  is  in  use,  the  engineer  has 
complete  freedom  in  describing  his 
problem   in  his   own  terminology,  as 


well  as  in  specifying  the  alternatives 
he  wishes  to  investigate.  The  system 
is  designed  so  that  additional  compo- 
nents or  procedures  can  be  easily 
incorporated.  After  one  hour  of  in- 
struction, undergraduates  who  were 
previously  unfamiliar  with  computer 
programming  have  been  able  to  use 
the  system.  It  holds  promise  for  use 
in  other  fields  of  engineering  where 
researchers  feel  that  a  quick  answer 
deserves  a  quick  question. 

NOTES 

The  first  Engineering  Experiment 
Station  in  America  was  established  at 
the  University  of  Illinois  in  1903. 

The  College  of  Engineering  was 
one  of  the  original  units  established 
when  the  University  of  Illinois  opened 
in  1868. 

(Continued  on  page  33) 


28 


technograph:: 


'*T\ 


Would  you  like  to  be  the  man  who  masterminds  the  computer? 


Settling  on  your  first  important  job  is  a  big  step.  And 
nobody  can  make  the  final  decision  but  you.  If  you  are 
looking  for  a  company  that  encourages— and  rewards 
— indi\'idual  contributions,  give  serious  thought  to  a 
career  with  United  States  Rubber.  We  offer  you  the 
security  of  a  company  that  is  growing,  and  growing 
fast  in  fields  that  present  great  opportunities  to  qualified 
graduates. 

Less  than  half  our  business  is  in  tires.  Our  70,000  em- 
ployees in  74  plants,  here  and  abroad,  produce  more 
than  33,000  different  consumer  and  industrial  products. 


Spearheading  our  growth  is  a  vast  and  complex  research 
and  development  program.  Some  of  the  exciting  projects 
in  work  are  solid  rocket  fuels  and  the  application  of 
atomic  radiation  to  form  revolutionary  new  t^pes  of 
rubber,  plastics  and  chemicals.  Oceanography  and  the 
latest  designs  in  space  stations  are  also  high  on  our 
agenda. 

It  is  only  in  such  a  large  and  stable  company  such  as 
United  States  Rubber  that  you  will  find  the  di\'ersity, 
the  facilities,  the  opportunity— fl?!f/  the  appreciation  that 
challenge  men  of  skill,  industry  and  imagination. 


UNITED    STATES     RUBBER     1230  Avenue  of  the  Americas,  New  York  20,  N.Y. 

An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 

THE  FIELD  IS  WIDE  "U.S."  offers  a  comprehensive  variety  of  career  opportunities  to  Chemical,  Electrical,  Mechanical,  Indus- 
trial and  Textile  Engineers  as  well  as  to  those  with  degrees  in  Physics,  Mathematics  and  Chemistry.  Contact  your  placement  office 
to  determine  when  a  U.S.  Rubber  recruiter  will  visit  your  campus.  Before  you  decide  on  your  first  job,  have  a  talk  with  him. 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


29 


ARE  YOU  INTERESTED  IN... 

CONSTRUCTION... 

WATER  RESOURCES  DEVELOPMENT. . . 


IN  THE  GEOGRAPHICAL  AREA  OF  YOUR  CHOICE 
WITH  THE  CORPS  OF  ENGINEERS 


DIVERSITY  OF  ACTIVITIES 

The  Corps  of  Engineers  embraces  virtually  the  entire  range  of  modern 
engineering  in  the  construction  field.  Projects  include  research  into 
basic  science,  engineering  investigations  and  regional  planning;  design, 
construction,  operations,  maintenance,  and  management  of  hydro- 
electric power  dams,  flood  control  facilities,  harbors  and  navigable 
streams;  design,  construction  and  maintenance  of  family  housing, 
runways,  hangars,  roadways,  hospitals,  and  nuclear  power  installations; 
and  construction  of  intercontinental  ballistic  missile  and  space  launch- 
ing sites.  In  addition  are  the  allied  fields  of  cartography,  geodesy  and 
engineer  intelligence. 

OPPORTUNITY 

Opportunity  is  provided  for  progressive  movement  toward  top  positions 
for  men  with  ability.  You  learn  from  top  calibre  professionals  who 
have  had  many  years  of  high  quality  experience. 

LOCATION 

Projects  are  located  in  every  State  and  in  many  foreign  countries. 

A  CAREER  NOT  A  JOB 

The  Corps  offers  a  well  defined  18-month  rotational  training  program 
for  young  graduate  engineers  covering  all  facets  of  the  varied  work 
program.  This  is  followed  by  planned  career  development  assignments. 
These  assignments  enable  a  young  man  to  develop  his  special  aptitudes 
in  the  engineering  field.  As  he  progresses,  special  attention  is  given 
to  the  development  of  managerial  and  executive  abilities. 

ADVANCED  EDUCATION  AVAILABLE 

Attendance  at  special  seminars,  symposiums,  and  university  courses 
and  participation  in  professional  societies  and  activities  are  encour- 
aged, and  sponsored  when  possible.  Fellowships  for  advanced  study 
and  awards  for  outstanding  achievement  are  also  available. 


FOR  ADDITIONAL  INFORMATION ...  and  an  illustrated 
brochure  "Your  Career",  write  to  the  Chief  of  Engi- 
neers, Department  of  the  Army,  Washington,  D.C. 
20315 


CORPS  OF  ENGINEERS 
DEPARTMENT  OF  ARMY 


30 


AN    EQUAL    OPPORTUNITY    EMPLOYER 

TECHNOGRAPH 


Must  a  big  company  be  impersonal?  We  think  not. 


In  fact,  we  go  to  great  lengths  to  make 
certain  that  no  one  is  ever  "lost"  at  Dow. 
From  the  day  a  man  first  joins  us,  we 
follow  his  career  with  interest,  make 
certain  that  his  assignments  give  him 
every  opportunity  to  develop  and  display 
his  talents,  and  encourage  him  to  accept 
ever-increasing  responsibilities. 
Because  Dow  is  organized  much  like  a 
group  of  small  companies  rather  than  a 
vast  corporate  complex,  recognition 
comes  quickly.  Our  transfer  policy 
encourages  lateral  moves  which  aid  the 
development  and  growth  of  the  indi- 
vidual as  well  as  the  Dow  organization. 
Promotions  are  made  from  within.  Your 
future  with  Dow  is  virtually  limitless. 
Whether  you're  a  chemist,  engineer, 
biologist,  mathematician,  physicist— or 
student  of  any  of  a  hundred  other  educa- 
tional disciplines,  you'll  find  that  Dow 


respects  and  values  you  as  an  individual, 
encourages  independent  thinking  and 
independent  research. 

Yes.  People  are  the  important  figures  at 
Dow.  And,  working  together,  they've 
compiled  some  Impressive  statistics. 
Research  is  continuous  at  50  separate 
Dow  laboratories.  We  manufacture  at  30 
locations  in  the  U.S.  Abroad,  our  manu- 
facturing and  marketing  operations  are 
located  in  26  different  countries.  We 
serve  more  than  200  industries  with  some 
700  items— ranging  from  chemicals  and 
plastics  to  new  consumer  products. 
Sales  have  increased  eightfold  since 
World  War  II.  Present  plants  are  being 
expanded,  new  ones  built. 
And  Dow  offers  not  only  a  stimulating 
future,  but  a  rewarding  one  as  well.  Many 
of  our  employee  benefit  plans  are  indus- 
try models,  including  our  periodic  stock 


purchase  plans,  sickness  and  accident 
benefits,  life  insurance,  hospitalization 
insurance,  annual  salary  review,  pension 
and  profit-sharing  plan,  and  our  educa- 
tional assistance  plans. 

If  you're  looking  for  unlimited  opportu- 
nity, look  to  Dow.  For  more  information 
about  us,  see  your  College  Placement 
Director,  or  write  the  Technical  Place- 
ment Manager  at  any  of  our  locations 
listed  below.  The  Dow  Chemical  Com- 
pany, Midland,  Michigan.  An  Equal 
Opportunity  Employer. 

California— Pittsburg  •  Colorado— Rocky  Flats 
•  Illinois— Madison  •  Indiana— Pitman-Moore  Divi- 
sion, Indianapolis  •  Louisiana— Plaquemine  • 
Massachusetts  — Framingham  •  Michigan— Mid- 
land •  Ohio— Packaging  Division,  Cleveland  • 
Oklahoma— Dowell,  Tulsa  •  Texas— Freeport  • 
Virginia— Williamsburg. 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


31 


SPECIAL  TOURS 


AT 


OPEN  HOUSE 


Editor's  Note— We  are  delighted  to  receive  this  in- 
formation from  the  Engineering  Open  House  Commit- 
tee. In  our  research-oriented  December  TECHNO- 
GRAPH  we  brought  up  many  questions  concerning 
campus  research  and  its  relationship  to  the  under- 
graduate  engineer.  The  special  tours  are  an  excellent 
opportunity  for  undergraduate  students  to  become 
familiar  with  university  research  in  their  area  of  interest. 
Why  not  drop  a  card  in  the  mail  now?  We  have. 

What  goes  on  in  an  engineering  research  laboratory? 
There  are  many  such  labs  on  the  University  of  Ilhnois 
campus  which  are  usually  not  open  to  the  public,  even 
during  Open  House,  because  of  the  fragile  and  some- 
times dangerous  equipment  they  contain.  This  year  dur- 
ing Open  House  (March  13  and  14)  many  of  these 
laboratories,  in  addition  to  those  regularly  open  for  in- 
spection, will  admit  guests  in  small  guided  tours,  a 
wonderful  opportunity  for  those  \\'ho  would  like  to  get 
a  better  understanding  of  a  particular  field  of  engineer- 
ing research.  To  be  included  on  one  of  these  tours,  it 
is  necessary  to  register  in  advance  by  writing  Robert 
Phelps,  Open  House  Headquarters,  117  Transportation 
Building,  University  of  Illinois,  Urbana.  If  you  are  inter- 
ested in  more  than  one  of  these  tours,  please  list  your 
choices  in  order  of  preference.  It  may  not  be  possible 
to  honor  all  requests  because  of  the  number  of  people 
involved. 

The  tours  will  be  limited  in  size,  and  different  labora- 
tories will  be  open  at  different  times,  so  the  following 
list  of  labs  should  be  consulted  before  writing.  All  res- 
ervations must  be  in  by  March  2.  The  labs  that  will  be 
open  are: 

Aeronautical  Engineering 

Aeronautical  Engineering  Lab 

Agricultural  Engineering 

Ag.  Eng.  Research  Lab 
Instrumentation  and  Contiols  Lab 
Tractor  Lab 

Ceramic  Engineering 

Electronic  Ceramics   Labs 
Glass  Research  Lab 
Microscopy  Lab 
X-Rav  Diffraction  Lab 


Mechanical  Engineering 

Welding  Lab 

Internal  Combustion  Engine  Lab 

Power  Lab 

Machine  Tool  Lab 

Foundry 

Mining,  Metallurgy,  and  Petroleum  Engineering 

Nuclear  Magnetic  Resonance  Lab 

(Research  on  make-up  of  metals) 
Metal  Phase  Transition  Lab 
Lattice  Defects  Lab 

Nuclear  Engineering 

Nuclear  Reactor  Lab 

Physics 

Mossbauer  Effect  Lab 

( Checks  on  the  theory  of  relativity 
Scanning  and  Measurement  of  Bubble   i 

Chamber  Pictures  ^ 

(Tracing  of  particles)  \ 

Cyclotron   Laboratory         Fri.,  1-5  p.m. 
Superconductivity  Lab       Fri.,  3-5  p.m.;  Sat.,  9-12  a.m. 
Electron  Spin  Resonance  Lab    Fri.,  1:30-5:30  p.m.  only 


I 


Fri.,  1-5  p.m. 

Sat.,  9-12  a.m. 
or  1-5  p.m. 

Sat.,  8-12  a.m. 


I   Mi 


32 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Analytical  Mass  Spectrograph  Lab       9-4     Fri.  and  Sat. 

(Analysis  of  crystals  for  impurities) 
Magnetic  Resonance  Lab  9-12  Fri.  and  Sat. 

(Studies  of  magnetism  of  nuclei  and  electrons) 
High  Pressure  Laboratory  9-5     Sat.  onK' 

(Studies  of  defects  in  materials  under  high  pressure) 
Spark  Chamber  Research  Lab  9-12  Fri.  and  Sat. 

Experimental  Physics  Lab  1-5  p.m.  Fri.  and  Sat. 

(A  regular  lab  course  for  seniors  interested 

in  advanced  experiments) 

Chemical  Engineering 

High-Pressure  Lab 

(\\'here  properties  of  materials  under  high  pressure 

are  studied ) 
Heat  Transfer  Lab 

(High-speed  photography  stiidies) 

Civil  Engineering 
Traffic  Engineering  Lab 
Structural  Research  Lab 
Hydraulics  Lab 
Test  Track 
Sanitary  Lab 
Concrete  Lab 


Soils  Lab 

Electronic  Equipment  Lab 

Electrical  Engineering 

Analog  Computer  Lab 

.-Vntenna  Lab 

Biological  Computer  Lab 

Radio  Astronomy  Data  Computing  Center 

Electro-Optical  Lab   (laser  research) 

Gaseous  Electronics   (plasma  research) 

Charged  Particle  Lab  (space  engine  research) 

Semiconductor  Lab 

Ultramicrowave  Research  Lab 

General  Engineering 

Atmospheric  Lab  (air  pollution  research) 

Theoretical  and  Applied  Mechanics 

Concrete  Lab 

Controlled  Environment  Lab 

Metal  Fatigue  Lab 

Fluid  Mechanics  Research  Lab 

Photoelastic  Research  Lab 

All  labs  will  be  open  9  a.m.-o  p.m.,  Friday  and  Satur- 
day, March  13  and  14,  unless  othencise  specified. 


Outlook 

(Continued  from  page  29) 

Ed.  Note  ...  It  was  bound  to  happen 
sooner  or  later.  Engineering  Outlook 
has  decided  to  fight  fire  with  fire. 
Their  strategy  seems  to  be,  "If  TECH- 
NOGR.\PH"'can  "Lift"  from  Outlook 
wthout  so  much  as  a  'thank  you'  we'll 
just  do  the  same."  .  .  .  Just  wait  until 
Outlook  quotes  something  direct!)- 
from  TECH;  we  are  copyrighted  but 
i  they  aren't!  Anyone  know  a  good  but 
cheap  (eh  .  .  .  inexpensive)  lawyer? 

A   COLLEGE-INDUSTRY  PROGRAM 
FOR   STUDENTS 

Toda\-  an  increasing  number  of 
students  in  the  University  of  Illinois 
College  of  Engineering  are  enrolled 
in  a  co-op  program— a  modern  way  to 
have  your  cake  and  to  eat  it  at  the 
same  time.  The  students  alternate  pe- 
riods of  schooling  with  periods  of 
working  in  industry*.  The  student's 
emplo)Tnent  is  related  to  his  field  of 
study  and  his  work  assignments  in- 
crease in  complexity'  as  he  progresses 
through  his  college  curriculum.  His 
rate  of  pay  is  increased  each  academic 
year  that  he  works  for  the  co-operat- 
ing company.  The  entire  program  ex- 
tends a  normal  four-jear  curriculum 
to  five  years. 

The  College  of  Engineering  has  es- 
tablished co-op  programs  with  several 


outside  organizations:  Rock  Island 
Arsenal;  McDonnell  Aircraft;  NASA 
(at  Edward  Air  Force  Base,  Califor- 
nia); and  AlHs-Chalmers.  Stiidents 
now  participating  in  these  programs 
are  generalK-  quite  happ>-  with  them. 
7/1  an  article  in  the  October  issue  of 
the  Technograph,  the  Univeristy  of 
Illinois  student  engineering  magazine, 
mechanical  engineering  sophomore 
Lawrence  Heyda  lists  four  important 
benefits  he  feels  he  is  receiving  from 
the  co-op  program:  money  to  finance 
liis  education,  valuable  industrial  ex- 
perience as  part  of  his  education,  a 
chance  for  a  higher  starting  salary  on 
graduation,  and  a  chance  to  explore 
the  various  types  of  engineering  work 
in  a  company  (such  as  manufacturing 
and  service,  design  and  analysis,  re- 
search, etc.)  Heyda's  experience  is 
typical  of  the  co-op  student. 

The  program  is  an  example  of  co- 
operation between  University  and  in- 
dustry for  the  achievement  of  goals 
benefiting  both. 

SEVEN   OUT   OF  TEN   FRESHMEN 
COMPLETE   DEGREES 

Common  ideas  about  the  rate  of 
college  dropouts  are  drastically  re- 
\ersed  in  a  study  of  college  men  by 
the  Universit\-'s  Office  of  Instructional 
Research.  Although  many  people  have 
said  tliat  40  to  60  per  cent  of  students 


who  begin  college  never  earn  degrees, 
this  study  shows  that  70  per  cent 
achie\'e  degrees  within  ten  years  of 
starting  in  college.  It  also  indicates 
that  nearly  t\vice  as  many  starters 
graduate  within  ten  years  as  do  with- 
in four  years. 

The  study  in\olved  1,332  men  who 
came  to  Illinois  as  freshmen  in  1952. 
A  94  per  cent  return  was  achieved  in 
data  obtained.  It  shows  that  of  every 
ten  freshmen  who  came  to  the  campus 
in  1952,  se\en  had  college  degrees  ten 
years  later.  Five  earned  their  degrees 
within  four  \'ears;  of  the  five  who  had 
dropped  out  during  the  four  years, 
three  had  come  back  to  college;  and 
of  those  who  did  not  have  degrees, 
some  were  still  working  toward  them. 
It  appears  that  a  change  of  curriculum 
or  a  dropout  doesn't  necessarily  mean 
that  a  student's  college  career  is  per- 
manently ended. 

Professor  D.  W.  Kerst,  a  physicist 
in  the  U  of  I  College  of  Engineering, 
in\ented  the  betatron  — an  atom 
smasher  for  physics  research— in  1940. 
The  name  "betatron,"  coined  by  Prof. 
Kerst,  was  derived  from  the  Greek 
symbol  "beta,"  used  to  indicate  high- 
energ\'  electrons,  and  the  suffix 
"tron,"  meaning  "an  instrument  for." 
The  first  betatron  was  given  to  the 
Smithsonian  Institution. 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


33 


Freedom  &  Discipline 


Modern  physics  has  identified  34  elementary 
particles  of  matter — each  with  its  twin  anti-parti- 
cle. The  inevitable  two  opposing  forces  that  keep 
the  universe  in  balance. 

We  think  at  the  heart  of  most  well-run  modern 
companies  there  are  also  two  opposing  and  equally 
important  forces — freedom  and  discipline. 

Freedom  to  innovate,  to  change,  develop  and 
invent.  Plus  the  discipline  to  stick  to  the  facts,  to 
stick  to  the  problem,  to  stay  within  the  budget. 

At  Celanese  we  try  to  combine  freedom  and  dis- 
cipline to  better  serve  our  customers,  our  share- 
holders, and  our  employees. 


Perhaps  we  are  the  company  at  which  you  can 
best  pursue  your  career.  If  you  are  trained  in 
chemical  engineering,  electrical  engineering,  me- 
chanical engineering,  chemistry  or  physics,  we 
hope  you  will  stop  in  to  see  our  representative 
when  he  visits  your  campus.  Or  write  directly  to 
us,  briefly  outlining  your  background. 

Address  your  correspondence  to:  Mr.  Edmond 
J.  Corry,  Supervisor  of  College  Relations,  Celanese 
Corporation  of  America,  522  Fifth  Avenue, 
New  York  36.  New  York.  ceUnese® 


AN  EQUAL  OPPORTUNITY  EMPLOYER 


C3^^=-- 


cAc^ 


CHEMICALS     FIBERS     POLYMERS     PLASTICS 


34 


TECHNOGRAPH 


AIRWAYS  CONTROL 

ALLOYING 

AUTOMATION 

AVIONIC  SWITCHING 

BONDED  METALS 

CAPACITORS 

CERAMICS 

CIRCUITRY 

CLAD  METALS 

COMMUNICATIONS 

COMPONENTS 

COMPUTER  ELEMENTS  S 

PROGRAMMING 

CONTROLLED  RECTIFIERS 

CONTROLS 

CRYOGENICS 

CRYSTAL    GROWTH 

CYBERNETICS 

DATA   HANDLING 

DEVICE    DEVELOPMENT 

DIELECTRICS 

DIFFUSION 

DIODES 

ELASTIC  WAVE 

PROPAGATION 

ELECTROCHEMISTRY 

ELECTROLUMINESCENCE 

ELECTROMECHANICAL 

PACKAGING 
ElECTROMECHANICS 

ELECTRO  OPTICS 

ElECTROTHERMICS 

ELECTRON  PHYSICS 

ENERGY  CONVERSION 

ENVIRONMENTAL  S 

QUALIFICATION  TESTING 

FERROMAGNETICS 

GEODETIC  SURVEYS 

GEOMAGNETICS 

GEOPHYSICAL 

EXPLORATION 

GEOSCIENCES 

GLASS  TECHNOLOGY 

GRAVIMETRY 

INDUSTRIAL  ENGINEERING 

INFRARED  PHENOMENA 

INSTRUMENTATION 

INTEGRATED   CIRCUITS 

INTERCOMMUNICATIONS 

LASER   PHENOMENA 

MAGNETIC  DETECTION 

MECHANIZATION 

METALLURGY 

METER  MOVEMENTS 

MICROWAVES 

MISSILE  4  ANTIMISSILE 

ELECTRONICS 

NAVIGATION  ELECTRONICS 

NUCLEAR   FUEL   ELEMENTS 

OCEANOGRAPHY 

OPERATIONS  RESEARCH  i 

ANALYSIS 

OPTICS 

PHOTOVOLTAIC  DEVICES 

PHYSICAL  CHEMISTRY 

PHYSICS 

PIEZOELECTRICS 

PLASMA  THEORY 

PLATING 

QUALITY  CONTROL 

QUANTUM  ELECTRONICS 

RADAR 

RARE  EARTHS 

RECONNAISSANCE 

RECTIFIERS 

REFRACTORY  MATERIALS 

RELIABILITY 

RESEARCH  &  DEVELOPMENT 

RESISTORS 

SEISMOLOGY 

SEMICONDUCTORS 

SOLAR  CELLS 

SOLID  STATE  DEVICES 

SOLID  STATE  DIFFUSION 

SONAR 

SOUND  PROPAGATION 

SPACE  ELECTRONICS 

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY 

SURVEILLANCE 

SYSTEMS 

TELEMETRY 

THERMOELECTRICITY 

THERMOSTATIC  DEVICES 

TRANSDUCERS 

TRANSISTORS 

UNDERSEA  WARFARE 


THE  MATERIAL 


COMPOSITE  MATERIALS  Emphasize  Broad 
Spectrum  of  Tl  Professional  Opportunities 


Texas  Instruments  employs  metallurgists, 
metallurgical  and  mechanical  engineers, 
ceramists,  and  other  professionals  for 
process  engineering,  product  development 
and  technical  marketing  in  the  area  of 
THE  MATERIALS  SYSTEM*  —  metal, 
alloy,  cermet,  or  ceramic.  TI  capabilities 
with  solid  materials  extend  from  growing 
semiconductor  crystals  and  alloying  metals 
through  processing  of  finished  composite 
metal  forms,  parts  and  sub-assemblies. 

Texas  Instruments  is  a  multidivisional 
company  requiring  professionals  at  all 
degree  levels.  The  Materials  85  Controls 
division  is  recognized  internationally  for  its 
ability  to  produce  NEW  materials  with  a 
combination  of  characters  not  available  in 
existing  materials. 


Creation  of  composite  materials  provides 
fascinating  and  important  careers  in  at 
least  four  of  TI's  89  professional  fields 
listed  at  left. 

INVESTIGATE  TI  OPPORTUNITIES 
by  submitting  your  resume,  or  sending  for 
"Career  Opportunity  Guide  for  the  College 
Graduate,"  to  Mr.  T.  H.  Dudley.  Dept.  C-30. 
Ask  your  College  Placement  Officer  for  TI 
interview  dates  on  your  campus. 

*The  integration  of  two 
or  more  materials  result- 
ing in  a  new  material 
with  a  set  of  useful  prop- 
erties not  otherwise 
available. 


Texas  Instruments 

INCORPORATED 

P      O      BOX     5474     •     DALLAS     22      TEXAS 
An    Equal    Opporlunily    Employer 


Engineers 

III  Choosing  a  Career, 
Consider  these 
Advantages- 


Location:  Fisher  is  basically  an  "Engineering' 
company  with  1,500  employees  located  in  a 
pleasant  midwest  community  of  22,000. 
It's  less  than  10  minutes  to  the  Fisher  plant 
from  any  home  in  Marshalltown. 


If  you  want  to  begin  your  engineering  career 
with  one  of  the  nation's  foremost  research  and 
development  departments  in  the  control  of 
fluids,  consult  your  placement  office  or  write 
directly  to  Mr.  John  Mullen,  Personnel  Director, 
Fisher  Governor  Company,  Marshalltown,  la. 


If  it  flows  tlirough  pipe 
anywliere  in  the  world 
chonces  are  it's  controlled  by. 


flSHEK 


36 


TECHNOGRAPH 


SOLAR  EMISSIONS 


& 


RADIO  BROADCASTS 


by  RICHARD  LANGREHR,  ME  '66 


111  July  of  last  >ear,  a  solar  eclipse 
crossed  tlie  Northern  Hemisphere. 
Newspapers  repeatedU-  warned  citi- 
7t  lis  in  the  path  of  the  eclipse  not  to 
stare  directly  at  the  sun.  Radio  com- 
mentators stated  that  solar  radiation 
could  cause  permanent  eye  damage. 
^^1u^t  is  this  solar  radiation  we  were 
\\  uned  about  and  how  does  it  affect 
our  daily  lives? 

These  questions  and  others  are  cur- 
rently being  investigated  by  Professor 
Sidney  A.  Bowhill  of  the  Universit}' 
of  Illinois  Department  of  Electrical 
Engineering.  Professor  Bowhill,  an 
aeronomist,  studies  the  upper  atmos- 
pliere  and  the  chemical  and  physical 
processes  that  detemiine  its  behavior. 
During  1964,  which  has  been  desig- 
nated as  the  International  Year  of  the 
Hiiiet  Sun  (IQSY)  because  the  sun- 
spot  cycle  is  at  a  minimum.  Professor 
l^owhill  will  coordinate  a  program  of 
rocket  launches  sponsored  by  the  Na- 
tional Aeronautics  and  Space  Admin- 
istration to  investigate  the  effects  of 
the  sunspot  minimum  on  the  iono- 
sphere. 


The  sun  itself  consists  of  several 
different  layers  emitting  very  different 
tj'pes  of  radiant  energy.  From  tin- 
bright  disk  of  the  sun  or  photosphere 


This  year  is  the  International  Year  of  the  Quiet 
Sun  in  which  the  sunspot  cycle  is  at  a  minimum. 
During  the  time  of  sunspot  minimum,  radiation 
from  the  chromosphere  becomes  five  times  less 
intense  than  at  sunspot  maximum. 


comes  the  visible  white  light.  Sur- 
rounding the  photosphere  is  a  region 
of  tremendously  hot  gas  called  the 
chromosphere,  which  emits  ultraviolet 
radiation.  Outside  the  chromosphere 
is  another  region  of  hot  gas  called  the 
corona,  which  radiates  X-rays. 

During  sunspot  ma.ximum,  radiation 
from  the  chromosphere  becomes  five 
times  more  intense  and  coronal  emis- 
sion one  hundred  times  more  intense 
than  during  sunspot  minimum.  Al- 
though no  one  knows  why  the  sunspot 
number  changes,  the  large  variation 
in  radiant  energy  emission  from  the 
sun  produces  distinct  changes  in  the 
earth's  upper  atmosphere. 

Solar  radiation  affects  the  upper  at- 
mosphere in  two  distinct  ways.  First, 
it  ionizes  the  air  molecules,  producing 
a  charged  belt  of  particles  around  the 
earth.  Tliis  belt,  known  as  the  iono- 
sphere, extends  from  approximate!)- 
forty  to  two  hundred  miles  altitude. 
Second,  this  radiation  heats  the  upper 
atmosphere.  Ultraviolet  rays  penetrate 
to    a    height    of    approximately    sixty 


The  main  area  of  interest  at  the  University  of 
Illinois  during  the  International  Year  of  the  Ouiel 
Sun  is  with  the  D  and  E  regions  of  the  ionosphere 
(40-100  miles  high).  Prof.  Bowhill,  U  of  I  Depart- 
ment of  Electrical  Engineering  is  in  charge  of  a 
coordinated  program  of  rocket  launches  sponsored 
by  the  National  Aeronautics  and  Space  Adminis- 
tration to  investigate  the  effects  of  this  sunspot 
minimum  on  the  ionosphere. 


miles  and,  in  fact,  raise  the  tempera- 
ture at  this  altitude  to  the  same  as  that 
at  ground  le\el.  X-ray  radiation,  on 
the  other  hand,  penetrates  further 
than  ultraviolet,  and  is  largely  re- 
sponsible for  the  atmospheric  ioniza- 
tion in  the  D  region  (i.e.  40-60  miles 
high).  During  solar  flares  which  oc- 
cur at  sunspot  maximum,  the  number 
of  X-rays  increases  tremendously,  pro- 
ducing a  large  increase  in  the  density 
of  the  ionosphere.  The  increased  den- 
sity disrupts  radio  communications. 

The  main  area  of  interest  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Illinois  during  the  IQSY  is 
\\ith  the  D  and  E  regions  of  the 
ionosphere  (40-100  miles  high).  In 
addition  to  the  launches  of  Nike- 
Apache  rockets  now  planned,  power- 
ful radio  pulses  \\ill  be  bounced  from 
the  ionosphere  and  the  intensity  of 
scattering  will  be  measured.  These 
techniques  will  yield  information  on 
electron  and  ion  density,  electron 
temperature,  air  density,  and  solar 
radiation.  With  this  information,  en- 
gineers can  precisely  determine  the 
processes  taking  place  in  the  iono- 
sphere and  ultimateh'  improve  radio 
communications.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


37 


Production  Superintendent  Carl  \V. Yost, 
B.S.  Chemical  Engineering.  U.  of  Alabama, 
is  now  supervising  Glycols  and  Polyols 
Production,  Organics  Division. 


Assistant  to  Vice  President  Thomas  E. 
Watson.  B.A.,  Earlham  College,  is  currently 
helping  to  run  Brass  Sales,  Metals  Division. 


Sc 


„.  Research  Scientist  Malcolm  H. 
,„,.  Saltza,  Ph.D.,  U.  of  Wisconsin,  is  cur- 
rently working  at  the  Squibb  Institute  for 
Medical  Research,  Squibb  Division. 


They  started  with  Olin  5  years  ago. 


These  men,  and  a  great  many  of  their  colleagues, 
have  come  a  long  way  in  5  years.  And  they  can 
expect  to  go  a  great  deal  further.  Because  at 
Olin,  how  well  a  man  does  depends  entirely  on 
his  own  character  and  abilities,  not  on  age  or 
politics  or  length  of  company  service.  (That's  one 
of  the  reasons  these  men  and  others  came  to  Olin 
in  the  first  place.) 

These  men  think  a  great  deal;  they 
wonder,  they  explore,  they  try.  When 
they  succeed,  they're  rewarded.  When 


^lin 


an  idea  doesn't  pan  out,  they're  encouraged  to  try- 
and  try  again.  Because  here  at  Olin  we  believe- 
that  trial  and  failure  are  integral  parts  of  every 
important  success. 

These  are  the  kind  of  men  we  need,  and  we're  more- 
than  willing  to  go  a  long  way  to  get  them.  If  you're- 
our  kind  of  man,  the  same  goes  for  you.  Can  we 
talk  about  it?  Say  when. 
Call  or  write  Mr.  Monte  H.  Jacoby, 
College  Relations  Officer,  Olin,  460- 
Park  Ave.,  New  York  22,  N.Y. 


"An  equal  opportunity  employer" 


38 


TECHNOGRAPHl 


Looking  towards  a  Ch.E.,  E.E.,  M.E.  or  Chemistry  degree? 


Look  ahead  to  the  advantages  of  a  career  in  Monsanto  production 


Monsanto 


Let's  face  it.  Production  is  the  very  heart  of  a 

billion-dollar  producer  like  Monsanto.  Here's  where 

the  young  engineer  meets  technical  challenges 

second  to  none.  Here's  where  he  can  display  his 

talents  daily  .  .  .  helping  increase 

yields,   improve   processes,    raise 

efficiency,  lower  costs,  boost 

profits.  Here's  where  Monsanto's 

on-the-job  training  can  help  him 

move  ahead  faster  .  .  .  personally 

and  professionally. 

Monsanto  production  men  are 


known  by  many  titles  — Maintenance  Staff 
Engineer,  Plant  Technical  Services  Engineer, 
Production  Supervisor  ...  to  name  a  few.  Tiy 
one  on  for  size  now  .  .  .  then  see  your  Place- 
ment Director  to  arrange  an 
interview  when  we  visit  your 
campus.  Or  write  for  our  new 
brochure,  "You  and  IMonsanto," 
to  Professional  Recruiting  Man- 
ager, MONSANTO,  St.  Louis, 
Missouri.  63166 
An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


39 


How  Is  Physics 

Related 

To  Poetry? 


by  Alan  Kingery 
Associate  Editor 
Engineering  Publications 

or,  to  pliiase  the  question 

differently,  who  will  be  the  laboratory 
director  of  tomorrow?  A  physicist?  An 
electronics  expert?  A  business  man- 
ager? It  is  more  likely  he  will  be  a 
zetetist— a  man  well  oriented  in  the 
relationships  between  literature,  phys- 
ics, electrical  engineering,  political 
science,  and  other  areas  of  interest  to 
humankind. 

Zetetics  has  been  formulated  over 
the  last  thirty'  years  by  Joseph  T. 
Tykociner,  Professor  of  Electrical  En- 
gineering, Emeritus,  at  the  University 
of  Illinois.  Professor  Tykociner  "re- 
tired" in  1949  but  formally  came  out 
of  retirement  in  1962  at  84  to  teach 
zetetics,  the  science  that  is  based  on 
the  premise  that  all  bits  of  human 
knowledge  are  interdependent  and 
interrelated.  One  of  the  major  tasks 
of  this  new  science  is  to  lay  out  a 
"blueprint"  of  the  known  to  permit 
intelligent  focusing  on  the  not-yet- 
known.  This  includes  a  study  of  the 
origin  and  classification  of  systema- 
tized knowledge,  a  search  for  inter- 
relations between  the  sciences,  an 
investigation  of  the  mental  processes 
behind  research  and  creativity,  and 
an  analysis  of  the  social  conditions 
fostering  such  knowledge.  As  an  area 
of  knowledge,  zetetics  serves  to  coun- 
terbalance the  increasing  trend  toward 
specialization  by  emphasizing  meth- 
ods of  synthesis.  Its  motto  might  well 
be  "a  little  (narrow)  knowledge  is  a 
dangerous  thing " 

Professor  Tykociner  has  classified 
systematized  knowledge  into  twelve 
areas:  the  arts,  symbolics  of  informa- 
tion (e.g.,  linguistics  and  logic),  sci- 
ences of  matter  and  energy,  biological 
sciences,  psychological  sciences,  social 
sciences,   sciences  of  the  past    (e.g., 


evolution  and  liistory),  sciences  pro- 
viding for  the  future  (e.g.,  creativity 
and  the  selection  of  problems),  and 
integrative  sciences  (e.g.,  philosophies 
and  theologies).  Each  of  these  areas 
contain  major  sciences,  sub-groupings, 
and  links  which  bind  and  relate  each 
science  to  the  other. 

From  the  process  of  systematizing 
areas  of  knowledge  in  this  way,  the 
science  of  zetetics  tends  to  raise  possi- 
bilities of  looking  at  current  problems 
from  an  overall,  long-range,  and  inter- 
national viewpoint.  Should  we  put  a 
man  on  the  moon  by  1970? 

The  zetetist,  from  his  "overview" 
position,  tends  to  look  at  the  many 
hidden  ramifications  in  such  a  ques- 
tion. He  sees  that  it  is  a  national, 
rather  than  international  problem,  and 
not  yet  a  problem  of  national  survival. 
He  looks  at  the  tremendous  resources 
involved,  not  only  in  money  and 
equipment,  but  in  brainpower.  He 
considers  other  current,  human  needs, 
and  examines  what  effect  the  priority 
being  given  this  problem  will  have 
on  the  solution  of  other  problems.  Be- 
cause of  his  tendency  to  think  in  tliis 
way,  he  appears  to  be  a  better  choice 
to  serve  as  an  advisor  to  the  man  who 
must  ultimately  make  such  decisions 
than  the  narrow  specialist  would.  He 
considers  it  one  of  the  tasks  of  zetetics 
to  indicate  how  such  priorities  fit  into 
the  whole  picture  of  man's  knowledge 
and  endeavor. 

It  is  in  this  sense,  then,  that  Prof. 
Tykociner  sees  a  relationship  between 
every  area  of  human  knowledge  and 
endeavor.  Everything  done  by  man 
answers  one  of  his  needs  and  some- 
how makes  his  life  fuller  and  richer. 
In  all  past  recorded  history  things 
have    essentiallv    been    done    on    a 


Two  years  ago  eighty-four  year 
old  Professor  Joseph  T.  Tykociner 
came  out  of  retirement  to  teach  the 
first  course  in  zetetics,  the  science 
of  research,  which  he  founded. 
Now  a  famous  scientist-philoso- 
pher, Joseph  Tykociner  has  led  a 
life  of  brilliant  accomplishment. 
Bom  in  Poland  and  educated  in 
Germany,  young  Tykociner  was 
honored  by  the  Czar  for  establish- 
ing overland  communications  con- 
necting the  fleets  in  the  Black  and 
Baltic  Seas  and  making  the  Russian 
navy  the  first  completely  radio 
equipped  navy  in  the  world. 

He  became  a  research  professor 
of  Electrical  Engineering  at  the 
University  of  Illinois  in  I92I.  A 
year  later  he  demonstrated  the  first 
modem  sound-on-fibn  motion  pic- 
tures. 

Professor  Tykociner  continued 
working  in  electronics  and  radio. 
Once  he  noted  that  cows  in  the 
University's  pastures  were  bothered 
by  his  short-wave  signals.  The  Uni- 
versity ruled  in  favor  of  the  cows, 
and  his  work  was  discontinued. 
Later  development  of  his  dis- 
coveries produced  radar. 

His  later  research  concentrated 
on  the  fields  of  high-frequency 
measurements,  dielectrics,  piezo- 
electricity, photoelectric  tubes,  and 
microwaves.  Now  he  is  engrossed 
in  extending  his  new  science  of 
research  and  teaching  a  2  hour 
zetetics  course  meeting  on  Tuesday 
and  Thursday  evenings. 


40 


TECHNOGRAPH 


'  chance   or   expedience   basis:    a   man 
has   studied   a  particular  subject   be- 

i  cause  he  simply  felt  like  it,  a  certain 
amount  of  time  or  money  has  been 
dedicated  to  a  project  because  of  a 
pressing  social  situation  of  the  time, 
111-  work  has  been  undertaken  simpK' 
because  of  the  momentary  needs  of 
technology  or  commerce.  In  one  sense, 
zetetics  tells  us,  all  of  these  reasons 
are  unquestionable— it  has  always 
been  that  wa\-  to  some  extent,  and  al- 
wa\s  will  and  should  be.  Yet,  the 
zetetist  asks,  should  we  not  decide 
wliat  to  do  next  and  tt7ie»i  to  do  it 
with  the  same  intelligence  that  we 
focus  on  the  specific  problem  itself? 
Science  and  technology  is  a  case  in 
point.  In  the  fledging  da\s  of  science, 
the  scientist  was  a  natural  philoso- 
pher, an  individual  doing  things  that 
had  no  great  immediate  social  conse- 
quence. He  was  also  a  generalist:  he 
felt  he  could  say  "I  take  all  knowledge 
to  be  m\"  pro\ince."  Today  scientific 
work  requires  tremendous  resources 
I  and  has  tremendous  social  impacts, 
and  the  growing  fund  of  ne\\-  knoul- 
edge  makes  e\ery  participant  a  spe- 
cialist, interested  only  in  his  own 
affairs  and  his  own  work.  Science  to- 
day is  like  a  huge  sliip  operated  by 
many  specialists,  none  of  whom  is  a 
na\'igator. 

We  are  hving  in  an  age  in  wliich 
man's  store  of  knowledge  can  double 
within  one  or  two  generations.  We 
are  living  in  a  period  of  time  in  which 
oiu-  ability  to  create  new  devices  has 
gotten  ahead  of  our  abilit}'  to  apply 
them  in  the  interests  of  society.  \Miile 
many  people  believe  that  loistory  does 
not  offer  clues  to  the  future,  the  zete- 
tist feels  that  evolution  and  histor>-, 
from  his  "overview,"  show'  indications 
of  what  the  future  has  in  store.  Pre- 
dictions are  never  comfortable— they 
may  be  partly  or  altogether  wrong. 
The  zetetist  points  out  that  we  oper- 
ate on  the  basis  of  predictions  all  the 
time— and  we  learn  from  our  mistakes. 
He  feels  that  predictions  must  be 
made  and  made  as  intelligently  as 
possible.  To  do  this,  he  believes,  one 
must  study  and  understand  the  close 
relationships  between  the  many  areas 
of  arts  and  sciences— and  this  is  the 
main  function  and  interest  of  zetetics. 
the  science  of  the  future.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


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FEBRUARY,    1964 


41 


Deico  Means 
Opportunity  to 
George 
Fitzgibbon 


H  George  Fitzgibbon  is  a  Senior  Experimental 
Chemist  at  Delco  Radio.  He's  pictured  here  examin- 
ing siUcon  rectifier  sub-assemblies  for  microscopic 
solder  voids  during  the  development  stage. 

George  received  his  BS  in  Chemistry  from  the 
University  of  Illinois  prior  to  joining  Delco  Radio. 
As  he  puts  it,  "I  found,  at  Delco,  an  opportunity  to 
take  part  in  a  rapidly  expanding  silicon  device  de- 
velopment program.  The  work  has  proved  to  be 
challenging,  and  the  people  and  facilities  seem  to 
stimulate  your  best  efforts." 

The  young  graduate  engineer  at  Delco  will  also 
find  opportunity — and  encouragement — to  continue 
work  on  additional  college  credits.  Since  our  incep- 
tion, we've  always  encouraged  our  engineers  and 
scientists  "to  continue  to  learn  and  grow."  Our 
Tuition  Refund  Program  makes  it  possible  for  an 
eligible  employee  to  be  reimbursed  for  tuition  costs 
of  spare  time  courses  studied  at  the  university  or 
college  level.  Both  Purdue  and  Indiana  Universities 
off'er  educational  programs  in  Kokomo,  and  Purdue 
maintains  an  in-plant  graduate  training  program  for 
Delco  employees. 

Like  George  Fitzgibbon,  you  too  may  find  chal- 
lenging and  stimulating  opportunities  at  Delco  Radio, 
in  such  areas  as  silicon  and  germanium  device  de- 
velopment, ferrites,  solid  state  diffusion,  creative 
packaging  of  semiconductor  products,  development 
of  laboratory  equipment,  reliability  techniques,  and 
applications  and  manufacturing  engineering. 

If  your  training  and  interests  he  in  any  of  these 
areas,  why  not  explore  the  possibilities  of  joining 
this  outstanding  Delco — GM  team  in  forging  the 
future  of  electronics  ?  Watch  for  Delco  interview 
dates  on  your  campus,  or  write  to  Mr.  C.  D.  Long- 
shore, Dept.  135 A,  Delco  Radio  Division,  General 
Motors  Corporation,  Kokomo,  Indiana. 


solid  itate  electroni(s« 


An  equal  opportunity  employer 


m 


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Kokomo,  Indiana 


i/ 


42 


TECHNOGRAPH 


IN  THE  LIGHT 
OF  THIS  NEWS* 
FROM 
TJNIVAC- 
TWIN  CITIES... 

you  may  want  to  give  serious  consideration  to  a  career  in  large-scale  computer-based  military  systems 
withUNIVACinSt.Paul 


*  new  $37  million  AF  contract  for  a  fleet  of  153  computers  *  major  contracts  with 
all  three  military  services  and  with  NASA  and  FAA  *  upwards  of  100  positions 
open  on  5  major  programs  including  commercial  real-time  systems 


I 


Of  special  interest  to  new  graduates  is  the  TOTAL-SYSTEM 
APPROACH  you  find  at  UNIVAC.  Since  a  UNIVAC  computer- 
based  command/control  network  interfaces  with  all  major 
subsystems  in  the  complex,  you  are  afforded  broader  exposure 
to  total  defense  systems  technology  than  you  can  gam  from 
any  subsystem  program  on  the  "periphery."  {In  fact,  subsys- 
tem criteria  are  often  developed  by  UNIVAC  systems  people.) 
A  MELD  OF  MANY  DISCIPLINES  is  required  for  most  UNIVAC 
programs.  Teamed  together  are  men  who  understand  the 
functioning  and  capabilities  of  star-trackers,  horizon  seekers, 
inertial  devices,  IR  sensors  and  radars  — to  mention  only  a 
few.  These  men,  in  turn  work  closely  with  a  wide  range  of 
specialists  and  generalists  in  computer  technology,  opera- 
tions research  and  broad  systems  design  and  analysis.  These 


teams  include  engineers  and  scientists  at  all  levels  of  experi- 
ence. THERE  IS  WIDE  DIVERSITY  WITHIN  AS  WELL  AS 
AMONG  UNIVAC  PROJECTS.  We  are  now  writing  the  specifi- 
cations for  a  multiprocessor  system,  said  by  many  to  have  a 
capacity  100  times  greater  than  that  of  any  one  of  the  largest 
single  real-time  computers  in  use  today.  Other  projects:... 
down-range  tracking  and  control  of  missiles  and  satellites 
...NTDS  — a  system  in  continuous  evolution,  now  moving 
toward  assumption  of  more  local  and  tactical  shipboard  func- 
tions previously  performed  by  separate  communications/ 
computational  subsystems.,  .ballistic  missile  mid-course  and 
re-entry  guidance  .  .  .  advanced  studies  in  associative  memo- 
ries and  learning  techniques. 


The  long  list  of  assignments  now  open  with  UNIVAC-Twin  Cities  calls  for  engineers,  scientists  and  programmers  at  all  levels  of 
experience.  A  number  of  these  positions  are  available  to  new  engineering  and  science  graduates  or  men  just  qualified  for  a 
Master's.  Several  require  doctorates. 

A  UNIVAC-Twin  Cities  representative  will  be  at  the  University  of  Illinois  on  March  19-20.  Arrange  to  talk  with  him  about  a  career 
with  UNIVAC  that  matches  your  training  and  interests.  Contact  your  placement  office  now  for  an  appointment.  An  Equal  Oppor- 
tunity Employer. 


U  NIVAC 

OIVtSION     OP     SPERRV     RAND     C  O  R  PO  PI  ATI  O  (M 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


43 


Instant  Storms 

(Continued  from  page  26) 


The  powerplant  for  this  F-104  super  starflghler  will  be  disployed  at  the  A^  Force  exhibit.  The  15,800 
poundThrust  engme  is  currently  powering  Americon,  Ccnadion,  and  West  German  F-104  s,  as  well  a 
Ttorfighters  that  are  Hashing  through  the  skies  over  Belgium,  the  Netherlonds,  Italy,  and  Jopan.  Under 
licensing  agreement  with  the  General  Electric  Compony  and  the  Lockheed  Aircraft  Corporot.on,  the 
and  Airframes  ore  being  built  by  Canadian,  European,  and  Japanese  production  focihties. 


ngine 


AF  ROTC 
OPEN  HOUSE 


The  Arnold  Air  Society  is  spon- 
soring a  sky  diving  exhibition 
(weather  permitting)  at  2  P.M.  on 
both  days  of  Engineering  Open 
House.  Captain  Thomas  O'Shaugh- 


nessy  of  the  Air  Science  Depart- 
ment will  be  one  of  the  para- 
chuters  trying  for  a  smooth  landing 
on  the  Quadrangle. 


A  model  of  the  X-15  manned  hypersonic  vehicle  will  be  on  display  of  the  A,r  Force 
exhibit  The  X-15  is  a  comparatively  small  (50  feet  long,  20  foot  wing  span)  vehicle  with 
a  big  role  to  play  in  Aeronautics  and  space.  X-15  experimental  flight  missions  are 
expected  to  continue  to  provide  much  information  of  significance  to  aeronautic  and  spoce 
technologies.  The  X-15  is  designed  to  fly  at  speeds  of  about  4000  MPH  and  altitudes  of 
ely  50  miles. 


appr. 


44 


grammed  storms  and  to  eliminate 
constant  supervision  of  the  project. 
This  switch  is  essentially  composed 
of  pins  on  a  rotating  cylinder  that 
electronicallv'  activate  units  or  groups 
of  units  to  simulate  the  exact  storm 
desired. 

The  second  phase  of  the  project  will 
consist  of  building  and  setting  up  the 
models  and  equipment  along  with 
some  preliminary  tests.  The  equip- 
ment will  be  located  in  the  Hydraulic 
Research  Laboratory.  It  may  be  neces- 
sary to  redesign  some  equipment  dur- 
ing this  phase  if  problems  arise  during 
assembly. 

The  third  and  final  stage  is  the  con- 
duction of  tests  and  the  analysis  of 
the  data  obtained.  All  variables  re- 
lated to  the  storm  and  drainage  basin 
will  be  held  constant  except  the  one 
under  consideration.  Dr.  Chow  ex- 
pects to  study  as  man\'  variables  as 
possible  in  an  attempt  to  formulate 
basic  laws  on  runoff  characteristics. 
In  addition,  he  hopes  to  verify  the 
principles  involved  in  the  unit  hydro- 
graph  theory  which,  although  used, 
have  never  been  proven. 

Future  possibilities  of  this  project 
are  almost  unlimited.  An  attempt  will 
be  made  to  correlate  results  with 
actual  observed  data  on  watershed 
projects  in  existence.  With  this  corre- 
lation accomplished,  a  scale  model  of 
any  drainage  area  could  be  studied 
before  watershed  structures  are  de- 
signed. This  would  eliminate  much  of 
the  uncertainty  connected  with  the 
building  of  present  structures.  Drain- 
age basins  could  be  classified  into 
well  defined  groups  and  treated  with 
known  principles  as  are  open  chan- 
nels. 

Another  objective  would  be  to  tie 
the  knowledge  of  open  channel  hy- 
draulics with  that  of  overland  hy- 
draulics in  order  to  bring  these  two 
independent  branches  together.  With 
such  relationships,  it  may  become 
possible  to  control  floodmg  and  ero- 
sion and  thus  save  much  of  one  of 
our  most  important  natural  resources 
-soil.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 

TECHNOGRAPH 


WHERE'S  GARRETT? 


EVERYWHERE!  Here  are  a  few  of  the  ways  U.S.  defense  and  space  progress  are  being  helped 
by  Garrett-AiResearch:  //VSP/IC£- Environmental  control  systems;  auxiliary  power  systems;  advanced 
space  power  systems;  research  in  life  sciences.  IN  rA/£ /»//?— Pressurization  and  air  conditioning 
for  most  of  our  aircraft;  prime  power  for  small  aircraft;  central  air  data  systems;  heat  transfer  equipment 
and   hundreds  of  components.  OA^Z.>l/VD- Auxiliary   power  systems  for  ground  support  of 
aircraft  and  missiles;  standard  generator  sets;  cryogenic  systems;  ground  support  instrumentation  and  controls. 
ON  T'WfSf/l  — Auxiliary,  pneumatic  and  electrical  power  for  ships;  auxiliary  power  systems 
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For  further  information  about  many  interesting  project  areas  and  career 
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THE   FUTURE   IS   BUILDING   NOW  AT 

.  Los  Angeles  •  Phoenix 


FEBRUARY,    1964 


45 


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Annlicant    should    also 
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Wisconsin  Michigan  Power  Co. 

APPLETON,   WIS. 


Wisconsin  Natural  Gas  Co. 

RACINE,  WIS. 


46 


TECHNOGRAPH 


til 


C,:portunities  at  Hughes  for  EE's  —  Physicists  —  Scientists: 


from  the  ocean  floor  to  the  moon. ..and  beyond 


Hughes  sphere  of  activity  extends  from  the  far  reaches  of  outer  space  to  the  bottom 

of  the  sea  . . .  includes  advanced  studies,  research,  design,  development  and  produc- 
tion on  projects  such  as:  ©  SURVEYOR  — unmanned,  sott-landing  lunar  spacecraft 
for  chemical  and  visual  analysis  of  the  moon's  surface;  (2)  SYNCOM  (Synchronous- 
orbit  Communications  Satellite)— provides  v^orld-wide  communications  with  only  three 
satellites;  @  F-111B  PHOENIX  Missile  System— an  advanced  weapon  system  designed 
to  radically  extend  the  defensive  strike  capability  of  supersonic  aircraft;  ®  Anti- 
ICBM  Defense  Systems  — designed  to  locate,  intercept  and  destroy  attacking  enemy 
ballistic  missiles  in  flight;  ©Air  Defense  Control  Systems—  border-to- border  con- 
trol of  air  defenses  from  a  single  command  center — combines  3D  radar,  real-time 
computer  technology  and  display  systems  within  a  flexible  communications  network; 
®  3D  Radar— ground  and  ship-based  systems  give  simultaneous  height,  range  and 
bearing  data — now  in  service  on  the  nuclear-powered  U.S.S.  Enterprise;  ©  POLARIS 
Guidance  System  —  guidance  components  for  the  long-range  POLARIS  missile; 
®    Hydrospace  —  advanced  sonar  and  other  anti-submarine  warfare  systems. 

Other  responsible  assignments  include:  7"0tV  wire-guided  anti-tank  missile,  l^/ATf  automatic  check- 
out equipment,  Hard  Point  defense  systems.  ...R&D  work  on  ion  engines,  advanced  infrared  systems, 
associative  computers,  lasers,  plasma  physics,  nuclear  electronics,  communications  systems,  microwave 
tubes,  parametric  amplifiers,  solid  state  materials  and  devices  . . .  and  many  others. 


B.  S.,  IM.  S.  and  Ph.  D.  Candidates 

Members  of  our  staff  will  conduct 

CAMPUS  INTERVIEWS 
February  26-27,    1964 

Learn  more  about  opportunities  at  Hughes, 
our  educational  programs,  and  the  extra 
benefits  Soutfiern  California  living  offers. 
For  interview  appointment  and  litera- 
ture, consult  your  College  Placement 
Director.  Or  write:  College  Placemerit 
Office,  Hughes  Aircraft  Company,  P.  O. 
Box  90515,  Los  AngeJes  9,  California. 

Creating  a  new  worid  with  electronics 
I 1 

HUGHES 


U.  S.  CITIZENSHIP  REQUIRED 

An  equal  opportunity  employer. 


Uirumq 


rrmct 


ifumaue 


ano 


Vergil  sang  of  arms  and  the  man; 
once  a  year,  the  Engineering  PubU- 
cations  office  sings  of  research  and  the 
engineer— or  at  least  once  a  year  they 
sing  of  all  of  them  at  the  same  time. 
They  call  the  production  the  Summary 
of  Engineering  Research.  The  1963- 
1964  edition  is  now  available. 

This  annual  publication  describes 
the  439  research  projects  inider  way 
at  the  College  of  Engineering  during 
fiscal  19&3.  For  this  period  the  total 
research  budget,  as  indicated  in  the 
Summary,  exceeded  12  million  dollars, 
of  which  10  million  came  from  federal 


government  sources,  less  than  1  mil- 
lion came  from  state  and  private 
sources,  and  close  to  2  million  came 
from  the  general  funds  of  the  Univer- 
sity. 

Amply  illustrated  with  photographs, 
the  approximately  200  pages  of  the 
Summary  are  divided  into  sections  de- 
voted to  the  various  departments  of 
the  College  as  well  as  to  certain  sec- 
tions, listings  of  individual  research 
programs  indicate  the  project  title, 
investigators,  publications  and  theses 
resulting  from  the  program,  and  a 
brief  description  of  the  work. 


Additional  sections  of  the  Summary 
discuss  the  objectives,  achievements, 
and  financial  support  of  research  at 
the  College,  as  well  as  the  advent  of 
the  Midwest  Electronics  Research 
Center  and  the  Production  Engineer- 
ing Educational  and  Research  Center. 

Undergraduate  engineers  can  find 
copies  of  the  Summary  of  Engineering 
Research  in  the  Engineering  Library 
and  the  departmental  offices.  This  is 
the  only  complete  reference  guide  to 
every  research  activity  on  the  engi- 
neering campus.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


WttW«H«MiYW 


Dear  Editor: 

Your  "Research  Oriented"  issue, 
page  3  of  December,  was  very  fine; 
especially  "The  Forgotten  Man,"  "A 
Gauge  of  Undergraduate  Research," 
"Engineering  for  People,"  and  "Man 
Against  Machine"— even  "Techno- 
cutie." 

My  impression  is  that  "Research- 
Pacesetter  or  Parasite?"  and  "The  For- 
gotten Man"  are  things  not  to  be 
forgotten;  or  set  aside  for  more  articles 
in  later  issues.  Gary  Dayman  seems  to 
show  a  particular  and  significant  in- 
sight into  an  important  phase  of  the 
Universit)'  picture— the  problem  of 
communications.  How  about  "tickling" 
this  same  subject  for  a  follow-up 
about  a  year  from  now?  Having  been 
involved  in  the  undergraduate,  gi-adu- 
ate,  and  postgraduate  areas,  I  can  see 


some  of  the  present  problems  are  sim- 
ilar to  those  of  years  past. 

In  these  times  the  trends  discussed 
by  Henry  Magnuski  on  Page  29  might 
be  a  lot  more  important  than  many 
people  think.  Having  been  a  school 
board  member  for  five  terms,  a  mem- 
ber of  citizens'  education  study  groups 
in  niinois  since  the  Little  White 
House  Conferences,  and  had  some 
contacts  with  cooperation  programs 
and  career's  days  for  20  years,  I  con- 
clude that  to  do  the  best  job  by  our 
youth  in  higher  education,  we  must 
have  much,  much  more  of  the  com- 
munications discussed  in  this  issue. 
Cood  luck. 

Truly  yours, 

MOTOROLA,  INC. 

Lloyd  P.  Morris 

National   Systems   Consulant 

December  31,  1963 
To  the  Editor: 

I  was  so  impressed  with  the  Decem- 
ber issue  of  the  Technograph  I  wanted 
to  let  you  know  how  I  felt  about  it.  I 
think  it  is  the  best  Technograph  I 
have  seen.  Please  give  my  congratula- 
tions to  yom"  staff  on  the  magazine's 


appearance,  content,  and  general 
flavor.  I  think  it  really  fulfills  its  prom- 
ise and  sets  a  high  standard. 

Also,  I  wish  to  congratulate  you  and 
your  writers— Daymon,  Magnuski,  and 
Umpleby— for  the  articles  raising  ques- 
tions about  our  research  programs 
and  administrative  procedures.  This 
sort  of  student  feedback  and  "loyal 
opposition"  is  precisely  the  type  of 
tiling  necessary  to  keep  the  College 
growing,  and  progressing.  I  have  al- 
ready taken  several  steps  to  obtain 
positive  action  on  curing  the  ills 
pointed  out  in  the  honors  progi^am  and 
the  students'  relationships  to  the  re- 
search programs.  You  will  be  kept 
informed  of  the  progress  made  and 
you  may  wish  to  publish  subsequent 
articles  about  the  actual  responses 
made  to  these  articles. 

You  and  your  staff  have  my  support 
and  best  wishes  in  your  efforts.  I  hope 
each  succeeding  issue  will  be  as  re- 
sponsible, intelligent,  and  effective  as 
your  tour  de  force  in  December. 
Sincerely, 

W.  L.  Everitt 
Dean 
WLE:KJ 


48 


TECHNOGRAPH 


This  kind  of  engineer  designs  jobs  instead  of  things 


Once  upon  a  time  there  was  a  creature  known  to  joke- 
smiths  as  "the  efficiency  expert."  When  he  wasn't  being 
laughed  at.  he  was  being  hated.  Kodak  felt  sorry  for  the 
poor  guy  and  hoped  that  in  time  he  could  be  developed  into 
nn  honored,  weight-pulling  professional.  That  was  long  ago. 
We  were  then  and  are  much  more  today  a  very  highly 
diversified  manufacturer.  We  need  mechanical,  electrical, 
chemical,  electronic,  optical,  etc.,  etc.  engineers  to  design 
equipment  and  processes  and  products  for  our  many 
kinds  of  plants,  and  make  it  all  work.  But  all  the  inanimate 
objects  they  mastermind  eventually  have  to  link  up  with 
people  in  some  fashion  or  other— the  people  who  work  in 
the  plants,  the  people  who  manage  the  plants,  and  the 


people    who   buy    the    products.    That's   why    we   need 
"industrial  engineers." 

A  Kodak  industrial  engineer  learns  mathematical  model- 
building  and  Monte  Carlo  computer  techniques.  He  uses 
the  photographic  techniques  that  we  urge  upon  other  manu- 
facturing companies.  He  collaborates  with  medicos  in  physio- 
logical measurements,  with  architects,  with  sales  executives, 
with  manufacturing  executives,  with  his  boss  (G.  H.  Gustat, 
behind  the  desk  above,  one  of  the  Fellows  of  the  American 
Institute  of  Industrial  Engineers).  He  starts  fast.  Don 
Wagner  (M.S. I.E.,  Northwestern  '61)  had  4  dissimilar 
projects  going  the  day  the  above  picture  was  sneaked.  He 
is  not  atypical.  Want  to  be  one  ? 


Kodak 


EASTMAN    KODAK    COMPANY,   Business  and  Technical  Personnel  Department,  Rochester  4,  N.  Y. 
An  equal-opportunity  employer  offering  a  choice  of  three  communities;  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  Kingsport,  Tenn.,  and  Longview,  Tex. 


An  interview 

with  G.E.'s 

Dr.  George  L.  Haller 

Vice  President— 

Advanced 

Technology 


As  Vice  President— Advanced  Tech- 
nology Services,  Dr.  Haller  is 
charged  with  coupling  scientific 
knowledge  to  the  practical  operat- 
ing problems  of  a  Company  that 
designs  ond  builds  a  great  variety 
of  technical  products.  He  has  been 
a  radio  engineer,  both  in  industry 
and  the  armed  services  (Legion  of 
,'.«.ciit  for  development  of  rador 
*;cunter-measures);  physics  profes 
sor  at  Penn  State  and  dean  of  its 
College  of  Chemistry  and  Physics; 
and  a  consulting  engineer.  With 
G  E.  since  1954,  he  has  been  man- 
ager of  its  Electronics  Laboratory, 
and  general  manager  of  the  De- 
fense Electronics  Division.  He  was 
elected    a    vice    president    in    1958. 


For 

complete  info 

matio 

on   op- 

portunities      for 

engin 

•ers      at 

Gen 

eral    Electric, 

write: 

Person. 

aliz 

■d  Career  Pla 

ining. 

Genera' 

Electric    Company 

Secti 

on    699- 

09, 

Schenectady, 

N.    Y 

12305 

GROWTH  THROUGH  TECHNOLOGICAL  CHANGE 

The  Role  of 
R&D  in  Industry 


Q.  Dr.  Haller,  how  does  General  Electric  define  that  overworked  term,  Re- 
search and  Development? 

A.  At  General  Electric  we  consider  "R&D"  to  cover  a  whole  spectrum  of 
activities,  ranging  from  basic  scientific  investigation  for  its  own  sake  to 
the  constant  efforts  of  engineers  in  our  manufacturing  departments  to 
improve  their  products — even  in  small  ways.  Somewhere  in  the  middle 
of  this  range  is  an  area  we  call  simply  "technology",  the  practical  know- 
how  that  couples  scientific  knowledge  with  the  engineering  of  products 
and  services  to  meet  customer  needs. 

Q.    How  is  General   Electric  organized  to  do   research  and  development? 

A.  Our  Company  has  four  broad  product  groups — Aerospace  and  Defense, 
Consumer,  Electric  Utility,  and  Industrial.  Each  group  is  divided  into 
divisions,  and  each  division  into  departments.  The  departments  are  like 
separate  businesses,  responsible  for  engineering  their  products  and  serving 
tlifir  markets.  So  one  end  ol  the  R&D  spectrum  is  clearly  a  department 
function — engineering  and  product  design.  At  the  other  end  is  the  Re- 
search Laboratory  which  [jerforms  both  basic  and  applied  research  for 
the  whole  Company,  and  the  Advanced  Technology  Laboratories  which 
also  works  for  the  whole  Company  in  the  vital  linking  function  of  putting 
new  knowledge  to  practical  use. 

Having  centralized  services  of  Research  and  Advanced  Technology  does 
not  mean  that  divisions  or  departments  cannot  set  up  their  own  R&D 
operations,  more  or  less  specialized  to  their  technical  or  market  interests. 
There  are  many  such  laboratories;  e.g.,  in  electronics,  nuclear  power,  space 
technology,  polymer  chemistry,  jet  engine  technology,  and  so  on. 

Q.  Doesn't  such  a  variety  of  kinds  of  R&D  hamper  the  Company's  potential 
contribution?    Don't    you    find    yourselves    stepping    on    each    other's    toes? 

A.  On  the  contrary!  With  a  great  many  engineers  and  scientists  working 
intensively  on  the  problems  they  understand  better  than  anyone  else,  we 
go  ahead  simultaneously  on  many  fronts.  Our  total  effort  is  broadened. 
Our  central.  Company-wide  services  in  Research  and  Advanced  Tech- 
nology are  enhanced  by  this  variety  of  effort  by  individual  departments. 

Q.   How  is  Advanced  Technology  Services  organized? 

A.  There  are  three  Advanced  Techmihigy  Laboratories:  Chemical  and 
Materials  Engineering,  Electrical  and  Information  Engineering,  and  Me- 
chanical Engineering;  and  the  Nuclear  Materials  and  Propulsion  Opera- 
tion. The  Laboratories  do  advanced  technology  work  on  their  own,  with 
Company  funds,  and  on  contract  to  product  departments  or  outside  customers 
and  government  agencies.  NMPO  works  for  the  AEC  and  the  military  to 
develop  materials  and  systems  for  high-temperature,  high-power,  low- 
weight  nuclear  reactors.  ATS  is  the  Company's  communication  and  in- 
formation center  for  disseminating  new  technologies.  It  also  plans  and 
develops  potential  new  business  areas  for  General  Electric. 

Q.  So  R&D  at  General  Electric  is  the  work  of  a  great  many  men  in  a  great 
many  areas? 

A.  Of  course.  The  world  is  going  through  a  vast  technological  revolution — 
in  the  ways  men  can  handle  energy,  materials,  and  information.  Our 
knowledge  is  increasing  exponentially.  In  the  last  five  years  we  have 
spent  more  than  half  the  money  ever  spent  for  research  and  development. 
To  keep  competitive,  and  to  grow,  industry  must  master  that  mountain  of 
new  knowledge  and  find  ways  to  put  it  to  practical  use  for  mankind.  Only 
by  knowing  his  field  well  and  keeping  up  with  the  rush  of  new  develop- 
ments, can  the  young  engineer  contribute  to  the  growth  of  his  industry — 
and  society  as  a  whole. 

Tigress  Is  Our  Most  Important  Product 

GENERAL^ELECTRIC 

An   Equal  Opportunity   Employer 


V.T5 

II.  a:^ 

ARCH 


<5sfi«::j^     '-"-iiMl.^ 


HNOCiRAPH 


VOLUME  79      NUMBER  6 


25  CENTS 


'''r 


•  ■•:? 


I       I 


/ 


II      I 


The  captain  commands  a  Westinghouse  computer 


'•':•' 


•   •  •   •  •••- 


<••' 


•  •••• 


--'Vh^y-' 


.  -,  -,  -s  •  ■ 


The  computer  commands  the  ship 


And  the  owner  saves  at  least  $1,000,000. 

Westinghouse  has  developed  a  computer- 
controlled  system  for  doing  almost  every- 
thing on  a  cargo  ship  faster  and  better. 

It  can  be  made  to  load  and  unload  cargo 
faster.  Control  speed  directly  from  the 
bridge  with  no  help  from  below.  Keep  the 


ship  on  course.  Steer  clear  of  navigational 
hazards.  Navigate  so  accurately  it  saves 
fuel.  Keep  an  eye  on  all  dials  and  gauges. 
Control  valves  in  the  engine  room.  Keep 
records  of  operations.  Analyze  emergency 
situations  and  take  corrective  action.  Even 
check  on  how  the  cargo  is  doing. 


In  this  day  of  low-priced  competition 
from  ships  under  foreign  flags,  this  de- 
velopment can  add  new  strength  to  our 
Merchant  Marine. 

The  Westinghouse  computer-controlled 
system  significantly  reduces  the  annual 
cost  of  operating  a  ship. 


You  can  be  sure  if  it's  Westinghouse 


For  information  on  a  career  at  Westingtiouse,  an  equal  opportunity  employer, 
write  L,  H.  Noggle,  Westinghouse  Educational  Department,  Pittsburgti  21.  Pa. 


I 


UNITED  NUCLEAR  TODAY 

The  mines,  mills,  factories,  laboratories  and  people  of  United  Nuclear  draw  on 
the  strengths  of  companies  long  in  the  nuclear  industry.  MINING  experience 
comes  from  Sabre-Pinon  Corporation  and  from  United  Nuclear's  65%  interest 
in  its  partnership  with  Homestake  Mining  Company.  MILLING  know-how  has 
been  accumulated  in  the  Homestake-Sapin  Partners  mill  and  in  the  mill  near 
Grants,  New  Mexico,  purchased  from  Phillips  Petroleum  Company.  FUEL 
PREPARATION  expertness  stems  from  production  of  the  laboratory-pure 
uranium  oxide  for  the  world's  first  nuclear  reactor  at  University  of  Chicago's 
Stagg  Field  in  1942  and  all  the  subsequent  years  of  commercial  nuclear  fuel 
preparation  for  power  reactors  by  Mallinckrodt  Chemical  Works.  FUEL  FAB- 
RICATION draws  on  the  metalworking  skill  and  experience  of  Olin  Mathieson 
Chemical  Corporation  brought  to  bear  since  1956  on  the  production  of  nuclear 
reactor  cores  for  power  and  propulsion.  REACTOR  DEVELOPMENT  builds 
continuously  on  the  experience  and  experiments  of  Nuclear  Development 
Corporation  of  America  (NDA),  which  in  turn  were  built  upon  the  World  War 
II  accomplishments  of  scientists  and  engineers  of  the  Manhattan  Project. 
NUCLEAR  RESEARCH  means  physics,  chemistry,  mathematics,  metallurgy, 
electronics  —  these  are  not  only  the  academic  degrees  but  the  careers  of  many 
United  Nuclear  senior  employees.  SHIELDING  was  as  vital  for  early  users  of 
X-rays  working  behind  Ray  Proof  Corporation  lead  shields  as  it  is  for  today's 
designers  of  space  capsules  working  in  Ray  Proof  radio  frequency  shielded 
enclosures  and  for  operators  and  maintenance  personnel  protected  by  United 
Nuclear-conceived  reactor  shields. 

This  is  the  experience  and  team  United  Nuclear  brings  to  the  fulfillment  of  its 
customers'  requirements.  Graduate  engineers  and  scientists  who  want  challenge 
and  the  satisfaction  that  comes  from  contribution  and  accomplishment,  will  find 
rewarding  careers  at  United  Nuclear's  plants  and  laboratories  in  New  Haven, 
Connecticut,Charlestown,  Rhode  Island  and  Pawling  and  White  Plains,  NewYork. 


Consult  your  placement  officer  or  direct  inquiries  to 

UNITED  NUCLEAR 

CORPORATION 

660  MADISON  AVENUE.  NEW  YORK  21,  NEW  YORK 
An  equal  opportunity  employer 


MARCH,    1964 


Deico  Means 
Opportunity  to 
George 
Fitzgibbon 


■  George  Fitzgibbon  is  a  Senior  Experimental 
Chemist  at  Delco  Radio.  He's  pictured  here  examin- 
ing silicon  rectifier  sub-assemblies  for  microscopic 
solder  voids  during  the  development  stage. 

George  received  his  BS  in  Chemistry  from  the 
University  of  Illinois  prior  to  joining  Delco  Radio. 
As  he  puts  it,  "I  found,  at  Delco,  an  opportunity  to 
take  part  in  a  rapidly  expanding  silicon  device  de- 
velopment program.  The  work  has  proved  to  be 
challenging,  and  the  people  and  facilities  seem  to 
stimulate  your  best  efforts." 

The  young  graduate  engineer  at  Delco  will  also 
find  opportunity — and  encouragement — to  continue 
work  on  additional  college  credits.  Since  our  incep- 
tion, we've  always  encouraged  our  engineers  and 
scientists  "to  continue  to  learn  and  grow."  Our 
Tuition  Refund  Program  makes  it  possible  for  an 
eligible  employee  to  be  reimbursed  for  tuition  costs 
of  spare  time  courses  studied  at  the  university  or 
college  level.  Both  Purdue  and  Indiana  Universities 
offer  educational  programs  in  Kokomo,  and  Purdue 
maintains  an  in-plant  graduate  training  program  for 
Delco  employees. 

Like  George  Fitzgibbon,  you  too  may  find  chal- 
lenging and  stimulating  opportunities  at  Delco  Radio, 
in  such  areas  as  silicon  and  germanium  device  de- 
velopment, ferrites,  solid  state  diffusion,  creative 
packaging  of  semiconductor  products,  development 
of  laboratory  equipment,  reliability  techniques,  and 
applications  and  manufacturing  engineering. 

If  your  training  and  interests  lie  in  any  of  these 
areas,  why  not  explore  the  possibilities  of  joining 
this  outstanding  Delco — GM  team  in  forging  the 
future  of  electronics  ?  Watch  for  Delco  interview 
dates  on  your  campus,  or  write  to  Mr.  C.  D.  Long- 
shore, Dept.  135 A,  Delco  Radio  Division,  General 
Motors  Corporation,  Kokomo,  Indiana. 


solid  stole  electronics* 


An  equal  opportunity  employer 


WA 


Delco  Radio  Division  of  General  Motors  Corporation 

Kokomo,  Indiana 


i/ 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Is  it  true  that  the  leading  producer  of  oxygen 
for  steelmoking  hod  a  hand  in  preparing 
Tricia  McDonald  s  orange  juice? 


You'd  expect  that  a  company  with  50  years'  experience  in  ex- 
tracting oxygen  from  the  air  would  lead  the  field.  You  might 
even  assume  — and  you'd  be  right— that  it  knows  a  lot  about 
how  oxygen  can  speed  the  making  of  steel.  As  a  result,  the 
company  sells  oxygen  by  the  ton  to  steelmakers  to  help  them 
produce  faster  and  more  efficiently. 

You'd  also  expect  that  a  leader  in  cryogenics,  the  science 
of  supercold,  would  develop  an  improved  process  for  mak- 
ing the  frozen  orange  juice  concentrate  that  starts  Tricia 
McDonald  off  to  a  bright,  good  morning. 

But  there  might  be  some  doubt  that  two  such 
activities  as  helping  to  speed  steel  production  and 
helping  to  improve  frozen  orange  juice  could  come 
from  one  company.  Unless  you  knew  Union  Carbide. 

UNION  CARBIDE  CORPORATION,  270  PARK  AVENUE,  NEW  YORK,   N.  Y. 
Divisions:  Carbon  Producis,  Chemicols,  Consumer  Products,  International,  Lin 


For  Union  Carbide  is  also  one  of  the  world's  largest  pro- 
ducers of  petrochemicals.  As  a  leader  in  carbon  products,  it 
is  developing  revolutionary  graphite  molds  for  the  continu- 
ous casting  of  steel.  It  is  the  largest  producer  of  polyeth- 
ylene, and  makes  plastics  for  packaging,  housewares,  and 
floor  coverings.  Among  its  consumer  products  is  "Prestone" 
brand  anti-freeze,  world's  largest  selling  brand.  And  it  is 
one  of  the  world's  most  diversified  private  enterprises  in  the 
field  of  atomic  energy. 
In  fact,  few  other  corporations  are  so  deeply  involved  in  so 

many  different  skills  and  activities  that  will  affect  the 

technical  and  production  capabilities  of  our  next 

century. 

We're  growing  as  fast  as  Tricia  McDonald. 

10017.    IN  CANADA:  UNION  CARBIDE  CANADA  LIMITED,  TORONTO 
ie,  Meioli,  Nuclear,  Olefins,  Ore.  Plastics,  Silicones,  Stellilo  and  Visking 


MARCH,    1964 


Editor-in-Chief 

Wayne  W.  Crouch 

Assistant  to  the  Editor 

Stiiart  Umpleby 

Editorial  Staff 

Rudy  Berg 
Rebecca  Bryar 
Gary  Daynion 
Tom  Grantham 
Lester  Holland 
Roger  Johnson 
Richard  Langrehr 
Jay  Lipke 
Bill  Lueck 
Hank  Magnuski 
Mike  Quinn 


THE  ILLINOIS 

TECHXOORAPIl 


Volume  79;  Number  6 


March,  1964 


'^fl 


Table  of  Contents 


Production  Staff 

Pat  Martin,  Manager 
Bob  Markey 


Business  Staff 

Scott   Weaver,   Manager 
Phil  Johnson 
Jerry  Ozanne 
Travis  Thompson 


Circulation  Staff 

Larry  Campbell,  Manager 
Paul  Rimington 
Joe  Stocks 
John  Welch 


Photo  Staff 

Tony  Burba,  Manager 
Don  Bissell 
Dave  McClure 
Bob  Seyler 


Secretary 

Linda  Ewert 

Advisors 

Robert  Bohl 
Paul  Bryant 
Alan  Kingery 
Edwin  McChntock 


ARTICLES 

PLATO    Gary   Daymen  1  0 

PETE Hank  Magnuski  1  7 

Semi-conductor  Lasers Tom  Grantham  1  8 

Speaking  on  Light Roger  Johnson  22 

WPGU Bill  Lueck  26 

mini  House  Needs  Engineers    Becky  Bryar  30 

Student  Ratings Asst.  Dean  H.  L.  Wakeland  36 

FEATURES 

The  Good  Olde  Days Mike  Quinn  7 

News  Notes 8 

Technocutie    photos   by  Bob   Seyler  23 

Engineering    Calendar    30 

Alumnus      Rudy    Berg  33 

Faculty 38 

Brickbats  and  Bouquets    40 


Chairman  :  J.  Gale  Chumley 

Louisiana  Polytechnic  Institute 

Ruston.  Louisiana 

Copyright,  1964.  by  the  Illini  Publishing 
Company.  Published  eight  times  during  the 
year  (October.  November.  December.  Janu- 
ary. February.  March,  April  and  May). 
Entered  as  second  class  matter.  October  ."iO, 
1920.  at  the  post  office  at  Urbana,  Illinois, 
under  the  Act  of  March  3.  1879.  Office  48 
Electrical  Engineering  Building,  Urbana. 
Illinois.  Subscriptions  $2. On  per  year.  Single 
copy  25  cents.  All  rights  reserved  by  the 
Illinois  Technograph.  Publisher's  Represen- 
tative— Littell-Murray-Barnhill,  Inc..  737 
North  Michigan  Ave..  Chicago  11,  111..  369 
Lexington  Ave..  New  York   17.  New  York. 


COVER:    Computor    in    abstract.    Design    by    Bob 
Huff,   sophomore  in   architecture. 


TECHNOGRAPH 


WHY  NOT  GLORY 

Each  year  at  St.  Pat's  Ball  twelve  engineering  students  are  honored  by  the  College 
of  Engineering  as  having  contributed  the  most  to  the  College  through  their  extra- 
curricular activities.  They  are  knighted  as  Knights  of  St.  Pat  which  is  meant  to  be  the 
highest  honor  given  in  the  realm  of  student  engineering  activities. 

Unfortunately,  little  note  is  given  to  the  Knights.  Few,  other  than  those  who  are  im- 
mediately involved,  are  aware  of  the  selection  procedure,  and  even  the  selection  pro- 
cedure itself  is  not  well  defined.  The  result  of  this  lack  of  organization  is  that  the  honor 
of  being  knighted  has  been  lost.  Under  the  present  selection  procedure  the  chosen 
Knights  are  not  necessarily  the  most  deserving,  but  are  those  among  the  most  deserv- 
ing who  happen  to  get  nominated. 

Since  only  the  nominated  students  are  interviewed,  the  present  inadequate  nomi- 
noting  procedure  corrupts  the  whole  system.  This  year  only  17  students  were  nominated 
out  of  a  possible  forty-seven.  Five  of  those  were  council  nominees,  two  TEChHNO- 
GRAPH  nominees,  and  only  the  ten  remaining  were  nominated  by  the  societies.  One 
hopes  that  ten  students  are  not  all  that  should  be  considered  from  the  20  societies, 
each  entitled  to  two  nominations.  Much  of  the  problem  here  was  that  the  only 
publicity  or  notification  that  the  societies  received  from  the  sub-chairman  of  St.  Pat's 
Ball  in  charge  of  selecting  the  Knights  was  a  mimeographed  sheet  giving  sketchy  in- 
structions for  that  society  to  nominate  two  Knights.  Not  only  were  the  instructions 
scanty,  but  they  reached  the  societies  and  Council  immediately  before  Christmas  va- 
cation— too  late  for  adequate  handling  before  the  January  15  deadline  and  at  an 
ideal  time  to  be  lost  or  forgotten. 

Council's  good  intentions  to  find  their  five  most  qualified  candidates  for  their  nomi- 
nees somehow  went  astray  also.  It  found,  as  it  had  found  every  year  before,  that  the 
members  had  given  no  thought  to  the  nominations  and  did  not  know  who  was  eligible. 
Also  members  not  present  and  other  eligible  students  in  the  college,  but  outside  Engi- 
neering Council,  were  not  considered. 

Bob  Seylor,  President  of  Council,  is  aware  of  the  problems  and  is  taking  steps  simi- 
lar to  those  suggested  below  to  reorganize  the  entire  procedure.  TEChH  submits  the 
following  as  the  appropriate  means  to  reestablish  the  honor  of  being  a  Knight  of  St. 
Pat:  (I)  prepare  a  well-defined  written  set  of  criteria  for  choosing  Knights  of  St.  Pat, 
(2)  define  a  system  for  recognizing  leaders,  nominating  candidates,  and  making  the 
final  selection  of  Knights,  and  (3)  provide  for  the  selection  of  a  chairman  of  the  nomi- 
nating and  selecting  procedure  that  will  give  the  position  the  prominence  it  deserves. 

The  only  problem  then  will  be  to  insure  that  the  conditions  prescribed  are  followed. 
This  is  the  job  of  the  Knights  chairman.  At  present,  this  person  is  a  sub-chairman  of 
St.  Pat's  Ball.  This  implies  that  choosing  the  Knights  is  no  more  important  than  select- 
ing the  band.  In  fact,  the  selection  of  the  Knights  should  not  be  a  function  of  the  Ball 
at  all.  hlonoring  the  most  active  engineering  students  is  certainly  important  enough  to 
be  a  direct  function  of  Council  instead  of  a  remote  function.  TECH  suggests  that  the 
chairman  of  the  Knighting  be  chosen  in  the  same  way  as  the  Chairman  of  Open  htouse 
and  the  Chairman  of  St.  Pat's  Ball — by  petitioning  directly  to  Council.  It  should  also 
be  understood  that  a  significant  part  of  the  chairman's  job  is  to  adequately  publicize 
the  selection  procedure  and  those  chosen. 

These  simple  steps  will  provide  an  organization  that  will  truly  honor  the  student 
leaders  in  the  College  of  Engineering  and  present  a  favorable  picture  of  the  College 
to  the  rest  of  the  University  through  the  publicity  given  the  Knights.  WWC 


MARCH,    1964 


How  To  Solve  Wear  Problems  With 
Pearlitic  Malleable  Castings 


A  little  known  but  extremely  valuable  property  of 
pearlitic  Malleable  iron  is  its  excellent  wear  resist- 
ance. Pearlitic  Malleable  castings  have  good  natural 
wear  resistance  and  can  be  selectively  surface  hard- 
ened to  60  Rockwell  C.  Any  of  the  common  methods 
of  hardening  may  be  used  —  induction,  flame,  salt 
or  lead  bath,  or  heat-treating  furnaces. 

Properties  of  Three  Representative 
Grades  of  Pearlitic  Malleable  Iron 


Typical 

Selectively 

Tensile 

Yield 

Brinell 

Hardenable 

Strength  — 

Strength  — 

Hardness 

To: 

P.S.I. 

P.S.I. 

Range 

(Rockwell  C) 

80,000 

53,000 

197-241 

55-60 

80,000 

60,000 

197-255 

55-60 

100,000 

80,000 

241-269 

55-60 

The  current  trend  from  steel  to  pearlitic  Malleable 
castings  for  automotive  crankshafts  and  connecting 
rods  demonstrates  the  practicality  of  pearlitic  Mal- 
leable for  high  wear  applications. 


Here  are  typical  comparisons  of  the  wear  resistance 
of  unhardened  pearlitic  Malleable  crankshafts  with 
unhardened  steel  crankshafts.  These  figures  are 
based  on  50,000  mile  proving  ground  tests  in  1.3 
automobiles. 

Wear  Comparisons 

Pearlitic  Malleable  Crankshafts  vs.  Steel  Crankshafts 


Average 

Average 

Wear 

Wear 

Reading 

Reading 

—  Pearlitic 

-  Steel 

Malleable 

Wear  on  Journal  Diameter  — 

Manual  Transmission 

.0004 

.0002 

Automatic  Transmission 

.0003 

.0001 

Wear  on  Crankpin  Diameters  — 

Manual  Transmission 

.0005 

.0001 

Automatic  Transmission 

.0001 

.0001 

Other  critical  wear  applications  for  pearlitic  Mal- 
leable castings  include  transmission  gears,  pistons, 
spring  hangers,  chain  links,  rolls  and  rocker  arms. 


This  pearlitic  Malleable  transmission  gear  with 
induction  hardened  teeth  replaces  a  through- 
hardened  steel  gear.  Important  advantages  of  the 
pearlitic  Malleable  are  reduced  distortion  during 
hardening,  simpler  method  of  hardening,  lower 
purchase  cost  and  lower  machining  costs. 

Excellent  wear  resistance,  with  or  without  hard- 
ening, combined  with  economy,  quality,  strength 
and  machinability,  place  pearlitic  Malleable  cast- 
ings at  the  top  of  the  list  of  engineering  materials 
for  vital  parts.  Get  complete  information  on  how 
you  can  improve  your  products  with  Malleable  and 
pearlitic  Malleable  castings  from  any  company  that 
displays  this  symbol 

MEMBER 


MALLEABLE 


Send  for  your  free  copy  of  this  1 6  page 
"Malleable  Engineering  Data  File."  You 
will  find  it  is  an  excellent  reference  piece. 


MALLEABLE   FOUNDERS   SOCIETY   .    UNION   COMMERCE   BUILDING    .   CLEVELAND  14,  OHIO 

6  TECHNOGRAPH 


The  good  old  days  were  days  of 
inventions,  yes  sir.  We  had  some  of 
the  world's  best  ideas  for  real  prog- 
ress back  then.  Why,  back  in  1931 
Technograph  ran  an  article  on  a  new- 
type  vehicle  that  should  have  swept 
the  country  overnight: 

The  prospect  of  a  new  era  of  trans- 
portation has  been  opened  by  the  suc- 
cessful trial  of  the  new  ro-rail  motor 
cars  in  London.  These  vehicles,  as 
the  name  implies,  travel  on  the  road 
as  well  as  on  the  rails.  It  is  hoped  to 
speed  up,  by  a  door-to-door  service, 
both  frei<iht  and  passengers.  It  would 
be  very  convenient  to  the  manufac- 
turer, who  wished  to  ship  a  few  totis 
of  material  over  a  distance  of  two 
hundred  miles,  to  load  up  a  truck 
that  would  take  his  material  over 
roads  and  rails  to  his  customer's  door, 


uithoul  havinii  la  waste  time  load- 
ini!,  and  unloadiuu.  at  rail  heads. 

I'litortunati'ly,  the  country  decided 
too  many  of  the  finer  things  of  life, 
e.g.,  teamster  strikes,  railroad  strikes, 
and  stevedore  strikes,  would  have  to 
be  sacrificed  to  use  these  vehicles. 

We  were  inventive  back  in  the  good 
old  days.  Oh  yes.  Back  in  December 
of  1930  we  ran  an  article  on  a  little 
project  up  in  Canada: 

"A  concrete  block  the  size  of  a  nine- 
story  building  dropped  into  the  river 
much  the  same  as  a  cardboard  is 
blown  in  a  storm,"  reported  the  De- 
cember iistie  of  Popular  Science 
Monthly.  "Water  was  thrown  several 
hundred  feet  into  the  air,  roaring  like 
a  mighty  gey.^er."  Thus  a  large  divert- 
ing dam  was  placed  in  position  in  a 
single  operation  in  the  Saguenay 
River,  Canada.  It  is  considered  one  of 
the  mo.ft  daring  engineering  feats  of 
recent  times.  After  months  of  prepara- 
tion the  job  was  completed  in  about 
six  seconds.  Models  were  made  of  the 
large  "plug."  The  "plug"  was  a  large 


obelisk  ninety-two  feel  liigh,  forty 
feet  wide  and  foiiy-five  feet  thick  and 
contained  5,500  cubic  yards  of  con- 
crete weighing  11,000  tons.  The  prob- 
able falling  was  studied  by  means  of 
slow  motion  pictures  of  the  models  as 
they  dropped  into  place.  The  "plug" 
landed  within  one  inch  of  its  expected 
landing  place  which  shows  the 
thoroughness  and  accuracy  of  the  prc- 
linnnary  studies. 

They  were  real  engineers  back  in 
the  good  old  days,  all  right.  Why  I 
know  a  certain  golfer-engineer  who 
can't  even  put  a  puny  little  1%  inch 
sphere  within  50  yards  of  a  small  flag 
much  less  put  a  11,000  ton  concrete 
block  within  an  incli  of  where  he 
wants  it. 

No  indeed,  modern  youth  just 
doesn't  understand  the  science  of 
engineering.  Why  just  last  week  a 
small  freshman  came  up  to  me  and 
asked.  "Beau,  do  they  have  any  elec- 
tric generators  in  Heaven?"  Naturally, 
I  set  him  straight  as  best  I  could:  "Of 
course  not, "  said  I.  "It  takes  an  engi- 
neer to  build  an  electric  generator." 


ACiy/IL  ENGINEERS: 

Prepare  for  your  future  in  highway 

engineering  — get  the  facts  about  new 

DEEP-STRENGTH  (Asphalt-Base)  pavement 

Modern  pavement  engineering  lias  taken  a  "giant  step 
forward"  with  Deep-Strength  Asphalt  construction  for  new 
roads  and  streets.  There  is  a  growing  need  for  engineers 
with  a  solid  background  in  the  fundamentals  of  Asphalt 
technology  and  pavement  construction  as  new  Inter- 
state and  other  superhighways  in  all  parts  of  the 
country  are  being  built  with  advanced  design 
Deep-Strength  Asphalt  pavement. 

Your  contribution — and  reward — in  our  nation's 

vast  road-building  program  can  depend  on  your 

knowledge  of  modern  Asphalt  technology.  So 

prepare  for  your  future  now.  Write  us  today. 

THE  ASPHALT   INSTITUTE,  CoHege  Park.  Maryland 


THE  ASPHALT  INSTITUTE,  College  Park,  IWd. 

Gentlemen:  Please  send  me  your  free  student 
library  on  Asptialt  Construction  and  Tectinology. 


MARCH,    1964 


NEWS 
NOTES 


Foreign  Engineering  Pen  Pals 

Americans  who  are  interested  in  sci- 
ence and  engineering  will  be  able  to 
correspond  with  people  with  similar 
interests  in  other  parts  of  the  world 
as  part  of  the  largest  international 
pen    pal    project    ever    enacted. 

The  project  will  be  conducted  by 
The  Parker  Pen  Company  at  its  Pa- 
vilion at  the  New  York  World's  Fair, 
opening  April  22.  Visitors  to  the 
World's  Fair  will  be  able  to  sign  up 
for  the  program  and  immediately  re- 
ceive the  name  and  address  of  their 
overseas'  penfriend  from  an  electronic 
computer. 

Registrants  can  select  the  language 
in  which  they  wish  to  correspond, 
the  area  of  the  world  to  which  they 
desire  to  write,  and  can  choose  from 
a  comprehensive  list  of  subjects  about 
which  they  would  like  to  WTite. 

Persons  interested  in  the  project 
but  not  planning  to  attend  the  fair 
can  receive  infonnation  and  regis- 
tration forms  by  writing  to  The 
Parker  Pen  Company,  Janesville,  Wis- 


Junior  Engineering  Technical 
Society  Summer  Programs 

Each  summer  the  Illinois  Junior 
Engineering  Technical  Society  spon- 
sors three  two-week  programs  in 
engineering  and  applied  science  for 
specially  selected  high  school  stu- 
dents. The  programs  are  structured 
so  that  participants  will  obtain  a  clear 
picture  of  engineering  and,  at  the 
same  time,  be  exposed  to  actual  in- 
tellectual challenges  in  diverse  subject 
matter. 

The  students  do  engineering  ex- 
periments and  individual  and  library 
research.  They  receive  lectures  on  the 
different  fields  of  engineering,  in- 
struction in  mathematics,  experience 
in  doing  engineering  problems,  and 
a  general  orientation  which  includes 
tours  of  industrial  plants  and  dis- 
cussions of  the  opportunities  available 
in  the  engineering  profession. 


Program  dates  will  be  July  26- 
August  8,  at  Bradley  University,  Pe- 
oria, resident  program;  July  26- 
August  8  at  the  U  of  I,  Urbana,  resi- 
dent program;  and  July  30-August 
14  at  the  U  of  I  Undergraduate  Di- 
vision, Navy  Pier,  Chicago,  commuter 
program. 

In  the  residence  program,  a  fee 
of  $80  will  be  charged  per  partici- 
pant. This  includes  the  cost  of  sup- 
plies, insurance,  room,  and  board. 
The  cost  of  the  commuter  program 
\\all  be  $30.  Several  scholarships  are 
available. 

Application  forms  may  be  obtained 
from  the  State  of  Illinois  JETS  Head- 
quarters, 217  Transportation  Building, 
University  of  Illinois,  Urbana,  Illinois. 

New  Award  for  Outstanding 
Senior  in  General  Engineering 

The  H.  L.  Marcus-L.  B.  Phillips 
Award  will  be  given  to  an  outstanding 
senior  in  General  Engineering  in  rec- 
ognition of  scholarship,  character  and 
acti\ities.  The  donors  of  this  award 
are  Michael  Phillips,  G.  E.  "63  and 
Judith  Ann  Phillips,  his  wife. 

Besides  being  rather  unique  in  that 
the  award  has  been  established  by  so 
recent  a  graduate,  another  feature 
relates  to  dedication  of  the  award. 
H.  L.  Marcus  and  L.  B.  Phillips  are 
the  fathers,  respecti\'ely,  of  Mrs. 
Michael  Phillips  and  Michael  Phillips. 
In  setting  up  the  gift,  Michael  Phillips 
stated: 

"This  award  is  given  in  honor  of 
the  above  two  fathers,  who,  like 
other  fathers,  have  been  the  in- 
spiration and  the  motivation  of 
their  sons  and  daughters  through- 
out their  college  years.  It  is  with 
gratitude  that  both  my  wife  and  I 
share  in  honoring  two  great  men 
.  .  .  oiu'  fathers." 

All  graduating  seniors  in  a  given 
year  with  all  university  averages  of 
3.5  or  better  are  eligible  to  be  con- 
sidered for  the  award.  Fifty  per  cent 
of  the  rating  is  to  be  based  on  extra- 
curricular activities,  10%  on  activities 
outside  the  direct  university  com- 
munity, 10%  on  professional  organi- 
zations, 20%  according  to  a  rating 
of  each  candidate  by  liis  fellow  grad- 
uating seniors,  and  10%,  according  to 


appraisal  of  the  students  from  faculty 
rating  sheets. 

The  award  will  be  presented  each 
spring,  and  will  consist  of  from  $75 
to  $100  in  cash  plus  an  individual 
wall  plaque.  A  permanent  plaque  will 
be  mounted  in  the  Transportation 
Building  next  to  the  Eraser  Award 
Plaque. 

St.  Pat's  Ball  Presents 
Ralph  Marterie 

The  Illini  Room  on  March  14  will 
be  the  site  of  this  year's  St.  Pat's  Ball, 
the  annual  social  event  sponsored  by 
the  students  of  the  College  of  Engi- 
neering. Music  will  be  provided  by 
Ralph  Marterie  and  his  Marlboro 
Orchestra.  Marterie's  performance 
will  feature  his  famous  "Pretend," 
"Blue  Mirage,"  and  other  million  rec- 
ord sellers. 

The  program  for  the  dance  \\'ill  in- 
clude knighting  of  the  Knights  of  St. 
Pat  and  the  crowning  of  the  St.  Pat's 
Ball  Queen.  The  knighting  ceremony, 
although  conducted  in  a  light-hearted 
manner,  is  actually  a  distinct  honor 
recognizing  outstanding  service  in 
engineering  activities. 

The  queen  of  the  Ball  will  be 
chosen  from  the  5  semi-finalists  early 
in  the  evening.  Selection  will  be  de- 
termined by  vote  of  the  students  at- 
tending the  Ball. 

A  few  remaining  tickets  are  avail- 
able in  the  Illini  Union  box  office. 
This  year's  Ball  promises  to  be  the 
best  \"et,  so  get  \our  tickets  now. 


TECHNOGRAPH 


From  the  ocean's  depths 


to  outer  space. 


The  scope  of  projects  under  development  at  the  Bendix 
Corporation  ranges  from  advanced  oceanics  to  a  landing 
gear  for  lunar  surface  vehicles  and  countless  things  in 
between.  College  graduates  find  depth  of  technological 
challenge  in  their  assignments,  w^hether  it  be  in  the  space, 
missile,  aviation,  electronics,  automotive,  oceanics  or 
automation  fields.  Bendix  employs  top-notch  engineers, 
physicists,  and  mathematicians  at  all  degree  levels.  They 
enjoy  the  prestige  of  Bendix  achievement  and  challenge. 
Bendix  operates  26  divisions  and  8  subsidiaries  in  the 


United  States,  and  12  subsidiaries  and  affiliates  in  Canada 
and  overseas.  Our  1950  sales  volume  was  $210  million. 
Last  year  it  was  over  $750  million. 

Look  over  our  materials  in  your  placement  office.  Talk 
to  our  representative  when  he's  on  campus.  If  you'd  like 
to  have  your  own  copy  of  our  booklet  "Build  Your  Career 
to  Suit  Your  Talents,"  write  to  Dr.  A.  C.  Canfield,  Director 
of  University  and  Scientific  Relations,  The  Bendix  Cor- 
poration, Fisher  Building,  Detroit  2,  Michigan.  An  equal 
opportunity  employer. 


THERE    ARE    BENDIX    DIVISIONS    IN:    CALIFORNIA,    MISSOURI,    IOWA,    OHIO,    INDIANA,    MICHIGAN,    PENNSYLVANIA,    NEW    YORK,    NEW    JERSEY,    MARYLAND. 


WHERE  IDEAS 

UNLOCK 

THE  FUTURE 


THE^^gpfl^br 


CREATIVE    ENGINEERING    FOR:    SPACE  D   MISSILES  D  AVIATION   D  AUTOMOTIVE  D  OCEANICS  D  AUTOMATION 


MARCH,    1964 


mcci  \ 


m^iai 


-IT  -I  i 


In  the  near  future  a  number  of  U 
of  I  undergraduate  engineering 
courses  may  be  taught  without  an 
instruetor.  Little  if  any  homework 
uill  be  required,  and  students  will  be 
able  to  complete  their  courses  in  less 
time  than  by  conventional  instruction. 

Meet  PLATO.  PLATO  (Pro- 
grammed Logic  for  Automatic  Teach- 
ing Operations)  is  an  ultra-modern 
computer-based  teaching  system  de- 
signed and  perfected  by  the  Coordi- 
nated Science  Laboratory  (CSL)  at 
the  LIniversity  of  Ilhnois.  Professor 
Donald  Bitzer,  director  of  the  PLATO 
system,  and  other  members  of  his 
group  have  defied  many  traditional 
rules  in  education  to  apply  the  sci- 
ence of  learning  to  the  art  of  teaching. 

In  fact,  PLATO  defies  the  most 
fixed  and  outmoded  idea  in  education 
—the  idea  that  a  school  should  be 
built  as  a  group  of  cells,  each  holding 
one  teacher  and  25-30  students;  this 
idea  dates  back  to  a  formula  in  the 
Babylonian  Tamud  in  the  third  cen- 
tury AD  when  all  instruction  was 
done  verbally. 

To  describe  PLATO  as  a  machine 
would  not  do  justice  to  its  super- 
human teaching  techniques.  Actually, 
PLATO  communicates  quite  intelli- 
gently with  students,  so  let's  let 
PL.\TO  tell  his  own  storv. 


1 


PLATO 


by   Gary   Daymen 


"First  of  all  I  don't  need  to  point 
out  to  the  undergraduate  engineer  the 
many  shortcomings  of  conventional 
classrooms.  When  you  go  to  class,  one 
of  three  things  often  happens:  Your 
instructor  merely  duplicates  the  text 
on  the  board  in  a  fashion  even  more 
boring  than  the  text  ( you  catch  up  on 
last  night's  sleep);  your  instructor  fills 
five  blackboards  svith  strange  formu- 
las which  you  don't  even  know  what 
the  symbols  stand  for  (first  your 
mouth  drops  open  and  then  your  eyes 
drop  shut ) ;  or  your  instructor  is  a  fair 
chap,  yet  some  'know-it-all'  on  the 
front  row  keeps  asking  stupid  ques- 
tions and  no  one  else  can  participate 
in  the  classroom  discussion  (you  go 
home  and  complain  to  your  room- 
mate ) . 

"The  problem  here  is  simple.  Con- 
ventional university  classrooms  lack 
the  necessary  element  of  'feedback' 
from  student  to  teacher.  An  instructor 
doesn't  know  if  you  are  absorbing 
what  is  being  taught,  nor  do  you 
know  until  that  fatal  hour  exam.  As  a 
result,  the  most  fundamental  learning 
theory  of  psychology  is  violated:  the 
more  often  a  person  is  right  and  the 
quicker  he  knows  it.  the  faster  and 
better  he  learns. 

"I  use  a  combination  of  the  latest 
learning  theories  of  psychologists,  in- 
cluding feedback,  to  provide  a  num- 
ber of  teaching  advantages  missing  in 


today's  classroom.  For  example,  ] 
work  individually  and  independently 
with  each  student;  I  give  you  logically 
arranged  information  in  tiny,  easy-to- 
digest,  bits  of  only  a  sentence  or  a 
short  paragraph  at  a  time;  I  ask  ques- 
tions and  grade  your  answers  immedi- 
ately at  each  step  along  the  way  .  .  . 
i.e.,  immediate  feedback;  I  answer 
your  questions  promptly,  and  I  let 
bright  students  move  ahead  while  I 
give  slower  students  additional  help. 
.\bove  all,  however,  each  student  com- 
pleting my  course  must  know  all  the 
information  presented;  no  one  can  get 
behind  in  the  information  learned, 
only  in  the  length  of  time  it  takes. 

"Grades?  Funny  you  should  ask, 
but  I  keep  a  thorough  record  of  your 
every  movement  through  my  course. 
A  human  instructor  can  glance  over 
your  performance  in  moments,  and  if 
he  likes,  he  can  statistically  analyze 
the  job  I  am  doing  and  improve  my 
teaching  as  more  data  becomes  avail- 
able. 

"Here,  I'll  show  you  how  I  am  mov- 
ing education  into  the  twentieth  cen- 
tury. I  use  one  central  high-speed 
general-purpose  computer,  my  elec- 
tronic brain,  to  individually  instruct 
up  to  eight  seperate  courses  with  a 
total  of  from  one  to  1,000  students. 
My  teaching  capacity  is  limited  only 
by  the  number  of  student  stations 
constructed  and  the  speed  of  my  elec- 
tronic brain.  Right  now  I  have  only 
two  student  stations;  however,  18  new 
stations  are  being  constructed  by 
CSL  to  duplicate  a  classroom  situa- 
tion. 

"The  photograph  at  the  top  of  this 
page  shows  a  typical  tsvo-student  sta- 
tion. Each  station  consists  of  a  keyset 
for  the  student  to  commimicate  with 
me  and  a  TV  set  which  displays  my 
questions  and  words  of  wisdom  plus 
the  student's  answers  and  other  infor- 
mation from  his  keyset. 

"The  keys  on  the  keyset  (figure  1) 
are  of  two  types,  those  used  for  in- 
serting constructed  responses  to  my 
questions  and  those  used  by  the  stu- 
dent to  control  his  progress  through 
the  lesson  material  I  make  available 
to  him.  By  using  a  supplementary  key- 
set, or  relabeling  buttons  on  the  main 


10 


TECHNOGRAPH 


kevset.  the  student  can  nse  figures 
such  as  electronic  circuit  elements  as 
well  as  numerals  and  letters.  Conse- 
quentl}-.  when  I  teach  courses  such 
at  network  synthesis,  the  student  can 
construct  diagrams  of  electrical  net- 
works by  pushing  a  sequence  of  but- 
tons. Each  student  controls  my  pres- 
entation of  the  lesson  material  by 
using  the  logic"  buttons  on  the  right 
side  of  the  main  ke\set.  These  buttons 
are  labeled  'renew.'  'erase,'  'judge,' 
'reverse,'  'help,'  'continue,'  and  'aha'. " 

"Figure  2  shows  the  overall  hookup 
for  a  typical  two-station  student  set- 
up. My  computer  controls  two  sources 
of  information  which  are  superim- 
posed on  the  student's  T\'  screen:  a 
central  slide  selector  and  the  student's 
electronic  blackboard.  All  student  sta- 
tions share  the  same  slide  selector 
which  consists  of  122  slides  containing 
the  text  material,  .\lthough  my  com- 
puter switches  the  slide  selector  from 
student  to  student,  there  is  no  notice- 
able delay  on  the  student's  T\'  screen 
because  of  the  rapid  access  time  of 
my  computer. 

"I  have  a  separate  electronic  black- 
board for  each  student.  It  is  a  write- 
read  storage  tube  wliich  portrays  char- 
acters, diagrams,  and  figures  from  the 
computer.  Also  portrayed  are  the  stu- 
dent's own  answers  to  questions  and 
other  material  \\hich  is  generated  in 
the  course  of  the  lesson  and  cannot 
be  prestored  on  slides. 


"Before  I  begin  teaching  a  course, 
a  himian  'reads'  in  the  proper  pro- 
gram ( teaching  rules )  into  my  central 
computer  and  inserts  the  correct  slide 
bank  into  my  slide  selector;  both  proc- 
esses take  only  a  few  seconds.  I  can, 
therefore,  be  prepared  to  teach  a  new- 
course  in  seconds  without  an\-  hard- 
ware changes  whatsoe\er. 

"A  complete  set  of  m\'  teaching 
rules  is  referred  to  as  a  'teaching 
logic'  So  far,  I  have  been  pro- 
grammed to  teach  by  two  types  of 
teaching  logic:  a  tutorial  logic  and  an 
inquiry  logic.  In  a  class  taught  b>'  the 
tutorial  logic,  I  present  facts  and  ex- 
amples first  and  then  ask  questions 
covering  the  material.  With  the  in- 
quiry logic,  I  present  general  prob- 
lems to  the  student  and  then  he  must 
use  his  own  initiative  to  search  for, 
request,  and  organize  appropriate  in- 
formation to  arrive  at  the  correct 
answer. 

"A  study  of  the  schematic  of  my 
tutorial  teaching  logic  (figure  3)  will 
illustrate  the  teaching  sequence  and 
general  student-computer  communica- 
tion techniques  I  use.  The  main  text 
sequence  is  designed  for  those  bright 
students  who  can  grasp  the  material 
fast.  It  contains  logically  arranged  in- 
formation on  slides  or  'pages'  in  tiny, 
eas\-to-digest  bits  of  only  a  sentence 
or  a  short  paragraph  at  a  time.  Ques- 
tions are  also  included;  see  figure  4. 
.\fter  studying  a  'page,'  the  student 


Slide 
Selector 


V~l 


student  1 


Storage 

Device 

1 


Student  2 


Switch  I 
Control  I 


Switch 
nformation 


Storage 

Device 

2 


Central 
Computer 


Figure  2.  General  orgonizotion  of  a  typicol  two-station  PLATO  system.  One  central  higti-speed 
general  purpose  computer,  ttie  electronic  brain,  controls  two  sources  of  informotion,  o  central  slide 
selector  and  the  student's  electronic  blockboord.  Although  the  computer  is  continuously  switching 
from  student  to  student,  the  computers  ropid  access  time  eliminates  any  noticeable  delay  on  eoch 
student's  TV  screen. 


^ 


Figure  I.  Students  "type"  their  responses  on 
o  keyset  to  communicote  with  the  central  com- 
puter. A   newer   keyset  will   be   in    operation   soon. 

must  conectly  answer  all  of  my  ques- 
tions to  demonstrate  that  he  is  ready 
for  the  next  text  setjuence.  A  student 
answers  the  questions  by  using  his 
keyset  and  'typing'  out  his  answers 
which  are  wTitten  by  the  computer  in 
the  appropriate  place  on  the  student's 
T\  screen. 

".\fter  submitting  his  answers  the 
student  then  pushes  the  'judge'  but- 
ton, and  my  electronic  brain  immedi- 
ately grades  and  writes  an  OK  or  NO 
beside  the  student's  answer  on  the 
TV  screen  as  shown  in  figure  4.  In  this 
way  the  student  knows  immediately 
if  he  is  right  or  wrong  without  my 
revealing  the  correct  answer. 

"If  a  student  answers  all  questions 
correctly,  he  can  go  on  to  the  next 
main  text  page  b\-  pushing  the  'con- 
tinue" key.  In  this  w-ay  the  bright 
student  can  move  straight  ahead. 

"If,  howe\  er,  a  student  has  not  fully 
understood  the  main  text  and  cannot 
correctly  answer  a  question  I  have 
asked  him,  I  give  the  student  one  of 
three  choices:  he  can  'erase'  his 
wrong  answer  and  submit  a  new  one 
for  judging,  're\erse'  the  page  to 
review  previous  pages  which  still  con- 
tain his  correct  answers,  or  ask  for 
'help.'  Trying  to  'continue'  without 
answering  all  questions  on  a  page 
makes  it  necessary  for  me  to  ring  a 
bell  indicating  a  fault  and  to  record 
a  'finger  trouble'  on  the  students 
record. 

"If  the  student  asks  me  for  help,  I 
break  the  main  sequence  down  into 
even  smaller,  easier-to-absorb  bits 
with  further  pertinent  textual  material 
and  additional  (juestions  designed  to 
help  him  sohe  the  main  text  question 
he  could  not  answer.  After  he  com- 
pletes the  help  sequence,  I  return  the 


MARCH,    1964 


11 


student  to  the  main  sequence  and  the 
question  he  could  not  previously  an- 
swer. The  student  should  then  be  pre- 
pared to  answer  the  question  cor- 
rectly. 

"If  the  student  still  cannot  answer 
the  question  and  asks  for  help  again, 
I  merely  provide  him  with  the  correct 
answer  to  the  problem  and  let  liim  go 
on.  At  first  I  provided  only  one  help 
sequence  for  each  question,  but  im- 
provements in  programming  for  my 
lessons  have  been  made,  and  several 
help  sequences  are  available  depen- 
dent upon  the  kind  of  mistake  the  stu- 
dent has  made  in  answering  a  ques- 
tion. 

"Some  students  push  the  help  but- 
ton, then  half  way  through  the  help 
sequence  they  suddenly  'see  the 
light.'  In  a  case  such  as  tliis,  the  stu- 
dent can  press  the  'aha'  button  to 
get  back  to  the  original  question  he 
could  not  answer  in  the  main  se- 
quence. If  the  student  was  overconfi- 
dent, however,  and  still  cannot  an- 
swer the  question,  another  request  for 
help  will  take  him  to  his  previous 
place  in  the  help  sequence  where  he 
broke  off  with  an  'aha.' 

"I  use  this  feature  to  enable  the  stu- 
dent to  progress  with  flexibility;  he  is 
not  required  to  bore  himself  by  going 
over  material  which  he  does  not  think 
he  needs.  I  restrict  the  student's  free- 
dom only  by  not  allowing  liim  to  go 
on  until  he  has  successfully  solved  all 
problems  in  the  main  sequence.  This 


is  what  I  meant  by  my  earlier  state- 
ment that  everyone  completing  the 
course  must  know  all  of  the  informa- 
tion in  my  main  course. 

"While  the  tutorial  logic  serves  ex- 
tremely well  for  many  purposes,  I 
often  find  it  desirable  to  turn  over 
more  control  to  the  student  and  allow 
him  to  ask  me  questions  also.  I  ac- 
complish this  with  the  inquiry  teach- 
ing logic. 

"With  the  inquirv  logic  I  provide 
the  student  with  a  simulated  labora- 
tory situation  where  he  can  use  his 
own  initiative  to  construct  and  carry 
out  proper  experiments  to  answer  the 
questions  I  ask.  Here,  the  student 
exerts  almost  complete  control  over 
his  movements  through  the  lesson 
material. 

"To  get  from  any  point  in  the  pro- 
gram to  a  position  in  the  laboratory 
setup,  the  student  uses  a  button  on 
his  keyset  labeled  'lab';  this  button 
makes  it  possible  for  me  to  present 
the  student  with  a  complete  choice  of 
simulated  laborator\'  situations  from 
which  he  selects  the  proper  one.  The 
remaining  buttons  on  the  special  key- 
set, which  is  the  smaller  keyset  on  the 
right  in  figure  2,  are  relabeled  so  the 
student  can  communicate  his  specifi- 
cations to  me  for  the  experiment.  As 
the  student  constructs  an  experiment, 
I  normally  draw  the  requested  experi- 
ment on  the  student's  blackboard  and 
show  the  significant  results. 

"For  example,  look  at  a  portion  of 


my  course  designed  to  teach  students 
about  the  density  of  materials  and 
their  buoyancy  in  liquids.  Figure  5 
shows  one  of  a  great  many  sequences 
of  events  that  could  occur  while  I  am 
teaching  with  the  inquiry  logic.  The 
student  is  free  to  select  an  object  to 
be  placed  in  a  container  filled  with  a 
liquid.  The  object  and  the  liquid  are 
chosen  from  a  list  I  present  on  the 
student's  T\'  screen.  He  can  measure 
the  \'olume  of  liquid  displaced  into 
the  overflow  container  or  determine 
the  weight  of  the  object  suspended 
in  the  liquid. 

"Included  in  the  list  of  objects  that 
can  be  weighed  is  the  overflow  can 
and  its  contents,  thus  allowing  the 
student  to  use  Archimedes'  Principle. 
In  the  example  shown  in  figure  5,  the 
student  is  attempting  to  determine  the 
density  of  a  crown,  one  of  the  objects 
available  in  the  simulated  laboratory. 

"The  student  initiated  the  experi- 
ment by  pushing  the  'lab'  button. 
Then,  by  pushing  the  button  labeled 
T  the  student  chose  the  crown  which 
mv  electronic  brain  immediately  drew 
on  his  electronic  blackboard.  Next,  the 
student  chose  alcohol  as  the  liquid 
in  which  the  object  was  to  be  placed. 
I  then  drew  the  hquid  levels  in  the 
overflow  can  and  overflow  container, 
printed  the  volume  of  overflow,  and 
showed  the  position  of  the  object  in 
the  liquid.  Since  the  crown  sank  in 
the  alcohol,  the  45  cc  of  overflow 
volume  represented  the  volume  of  the 


1         T"T           1 

(CONTJ 

PROBLEM      ■• 

i 

1    STUDENT    1 
1     ANSWER     1 

r 


(comt)  \_y 


CORRECT 
ANSWER 
COMPUTERI 


0* 


i 


-H 


H- 


NEXT   PROBLEM 


PLATO  H    Programmed  Teaching  Logic 


The  Steady  Magnetic  Field 

Ampere's  Law  relates  the  magnetomotive  force 
around  a  closed  path  to  the  current  enclosed  by 
the  path.    Write  the  integral  form  of  this  law. 


Ans: 


/N.ds|=|T|     0 


(1) 


Now  write  the  corresponding  relation  in  the 
point  vector  form. 


Ans: 


H 


NO 


(2) 


Figure  3.  To  the  left  Is  shown  PLATO  lis  tutorial  logic  containing  o  moin 
text  sequence  designed  for  bright  students  and  a  series  of  help  sequences  for 
those  students  who  require  assistance.  Each  student  must  know  all  the  infor- 
mation presented;  no  one  con  get  behind  in  the  information  learned,  only 
in   the    length   of   time   it   takes. 

Figure  4.  Above.  After  studying  a  main  text  or  help  "page"  on  the  TV 
screen,  o  student  submits  his  answer  and  the  computer  immediately  judges 
the  answer. 


12 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Our  gasoline  isn't 
good  enough  for 
some  people ...  us 

We  like  to  think  that  American  Oil  products  are 
the  best  you  can  buy.  And  they  are.  We  also  like 
to  think  we  can  improve  the  quality  of  our  prod- 
ucts without  increasing  the  cost  to  the  consumer. 
And  we  do.  Consistently. 

A  considerable  amount  of  work  is  done  in 
testing  catalysts  and  searching  for  those  which 
will  help  produce  the  types  of  gasoline  our  cus- 
tomers want  at  the  price  they  can  afford. 

One  of  the  people  engaged  in  the  research  and 
development  of  our  manufacturing  processes  is 
John  Mitchell,  24,  a  graduate  Chemical  Engineer 
from  the  University  of  Texas. 

The  opportunities  for  bright  young  scientists 
like  John  Mitchell  are  virtually  unlimited  at 
American  Oil.  American  Oil  ofifers  a  wide  range 
of  new  research  opportunities  for:  Chemists — 
analytical,  electrochemical,  physical,  and  organic ; 
Engineers— chemical,  mechanical,  and  metallur- 
gical; Masters  in  Business  Administration  with 
an  engineering  (preferably  chemical)  or  science 
background;  Mathematicians;  Physicists. 

For  complete  information  about  interesting 
careers  in  the  Research  and  Development  Depart- 
ment, write:  J.  H.  Strange,  American  Oil  Company, 
P.  O.  Box  431,  Whiting,  Indiana. 


k  i  4 

1  m^  /       ■"•"^- 

IN  ADDITION  TO  FAR-REACHING  PROGRAMS  INVOLVING  FUELS, 
LUBRICANTS  AND  PETROCHEMICALS.  AMERICAN  OIL  AND  ITS 
AFFILIATE,  AMOCO  CHEMICALS.  ARE  ENGAGED  IN  SUCH  DIVERSIFIED 
RESEARCH   AND   DEVELOPMENT   PROJECTS  AS: 

Organic  ions  under  electron  impact  •  Radiation-induced  reactions  • 
Physiochemical  nature  of  catalysts  •  Fuel  cells  •  Novel  separations 
by  gas  chromatography  •  Application  of  computers  to  complex  technical 
problems  •  Synthesis  and  potential  applications  for  aromatic  acids  • 
Combustion  phenomena  •  Design  and  economics:  new  uses  for  present 
products,  new  products,  new  processes  •  Corrosion  mechanisms  • 
Development  of  new  types  of  surface  coatings. 

STANDARD    OIL    DIVISION 
AMERICAN    OIL    COMPANY 


MARCH,    1964 


13 


y 

r 

MEASURE  ? 

1 .    Volume 

^ 

r 

1 

+  1 .    Crown 
2.    Goid  ball 
J.    Metal  ba 

r 

"^ 

\ 

U 

)..2..,.s' 

I 

/ 

5.    Steel  bal 

6.    Ovetllow 
(ar.d  com 

"t") 

IN  WHAT  ? 

--.  v 

+  2.    Air 

3 .     Keroserre 

4.     Mercury 
=  .     Water 

Figure  5.  With  the  inquiry  teaching  logii 
PLATO  presents  students  with  a  simulated  laborc 
tory  situation  where  the  student  con  use  his  ow 
initiative    to    construct    and    carry    out    proper    e> 


to 


the 


questit 


PLATO. 


crown.  In  a  similar  manner,  the  right- 
hand  side  of  the  figure  illustrates  the 
sequence  of  events  that  occurred 
when  the  student  measured  the  weight 
of  the  crown  in  air.  From  the  results 
of  these  two  experiments  the  student 
was  able  to  compute  the  density  of 
the  crown. 

"As  for  the  records  I  keep  of  a  stu- 
dents  progress,  they  include  the  time 
it  took  him  to  perform  each  operation, 
the  number  of  times  he  requested 
help,  the  number  of  times  he  asked 
for  help— help  when  no  help  was  avail- 
able, and  whether  he  studied  the 
problem  more  or  asked  me  to  supply 
the  answer. 

"One  cop)'  of  these  records  is  im- 
mediately available  in  the  form  of  a 
printed  sheet  for  a  human  instructor. 
The  records   max-  be   also   stored   on 


paper  or  magnetic  tape  for  reinsertion 
into  the  computer  so  that  the  human 
preparer  can  at  a  later  date  analyze 
the  difficulty  of  the  main  sequence, 
the  effectiveness  of  the  help  sequence, 
or  the  inquiry  sequence  chosen. 

"Unfortunately,  many  people 
(mostly  those  whom  I  have  never 
taught)  criticize  me  for  creating  con- 
formity and  killing  creativity.  True, 
literature,  philosophy,  and  similar  top- 
ics do  not  seem  so  readily  adaptable 
to  programming;  however,  there  is  no 
reason  why  I  cannot  teach  virtually 
every  factual  subject  and  basic  skill. 
To  date  I  have  been  programmed  for 
a  variety  of  factual  material  from 
grade  school  subjects  to  technician 
courses  to  advanced  college  courses. 
More  sophisticated  programming  for 
me  will  offer  more  opportunity  for 
student  creativity  even  \\'ithin  my 
system. 

"Once  a  student  learns  the  neces- 
sary facts  and  skills  as  quickly  as  pos- 
sible, he  is  then  free  to  do  creative 
work.  Certainly  an  undergraduate  en- 
gineer who  completes  a  year  of  net- 
work theory  in  two  months  has  more 
time  for  creative  work.  And  all  studies 
and  comparisons  done  by  CSL  indi- 
cate that  I  teach  students  faster  than 
the  conventional  classroom.  In  addi- 
tion, I  can  also  take  the  trivia  out  of 
today's  teaching,  thus  giving  teachers 
more  time  and  energy  to  give  students 
individual  attention,  to  encourage 
original  thinking,  and  to  keep  them- 
selves abreast  of  their  field  of  interest. 

"As  shown  by  the  laboratory  ex- 
ample I  used  to  illustrate  my  inquiry 
teaching  logic,  I  can  simulate  on  the 
student's  TV  screen  a  multitude  of 
laboratory  and  similar  situations. 
Don't  misunderstand  me,  however, 
because  I  know  that  all  kinds  of  lab- 
oratory experience  should  not  be  re- 
placed by  pushing  buttons! 

"In  one  study,  nevertheless,  an  in- 
quiry logic  was  prepared  by  CSL  and 
I  tested  it  on  first-year  student  nurses. 
I  presented  the  student  with  a  hypo- 
thetical patient  and  allowed  her  to 
elicit  information  about  him,  experi- 
ment with  treatments  on  him,  and 
check  the  results  of  experiments  in 
order  to  discover  the  proper  treatment 
and  nursing  care.  I'm  proud  to  say  I 
didn't  lose  a  single  patient!  Results  of 
the  course  showed  that  the  post-test 


scores  of  the  students  were  highl\- 
correlated  to  the  number  of  experi- 
ments the  student  performed. 

"One  exceptional  feature  of  my 
teaching  system  is  the  computational 
resources  of  a  large-scale,  fast,  digital 
computer  for  large  amounts  of  neces- 
sary but  routine  calculations  required 
in  many  advanced  engineering  courses 
I  will  teach.  When  a  student  presses 
a  "calculate"  button  on  my  keyset,  my 
electronic  brain  could  turn  into  a 
floating-point  desk  calculator.  In  some 
courses  I  may  be  able  to  offer  a 
graphing  feature  in  which  I  can  draw 
a  graph  of  the  student's  equations 
when  he  provides  the  necessary  data. 
In  addition,  I  can  control  movie  pro- 
jectors, tape  recorders,  or  other  special 
equipment  through  my  'special  ef- 
fects' switcli. 

".  .  .  Oh,  one  last  thing.  The  student 
can  eat  the  apple  for  the  teacher!" 

And  thus  the  computer-based 
teaching  machine  has  broken  a  500 
year  spell  in  education.  Not  since  the 
textbook  was  made  possible  by  the 
invention  of  moveable  type  500  years 
ago  has  such  a  new  teaching  develop- 
ment of  such  significance  emerged. 

Although  the  research  and  devel- 
opment of  PLATO  has  been  quite 
expensive,  computer-based  teaching 
machines  may  someday  become  a 
standard  item  in  every  school;  Pro- 
fessor Bitzer  has  estimated  that  a 
PLATO  system  with  1000  student  sta- 
tions would  cost  twenty  cents  per 
hour  per  student.  One  computer 
could  control  teaching  machines  in 
many  schools  at  the  same  time  and 
also  be  available  to  process  admin- 
istrative work  and  catalog  and  locate 
books  in  the  school  library  during 
other  parts  of  the  24  hour  day! 

PLATO  is  not  a  toy.  It  is  a  most 
promising  solution  to  a  problem  cre- 
ated by  a  nation  which  is  producing 
students  faster  than  it  is  producing 
schoolrooms  and  (jualified  instructors. 
Those  people  who  continue  to  oppose 
any  form  of  science  or  technology  in 
education  should  read  Plato's  Phae- 
drus  where  Socrates  tells  of  an  ancient 
Egyptian  ruler  who  criticized  the 
written  alphabet,  a  technological  in- 
vention of  the  time:  ".  .  .  For  this  in- 
vention will  produce  forgetfulness  in 
the  minds  of  those  who  learn  through 
neglect  of  memory  ..."  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


14 


TECHNOGRAPH 


THE  BELL  TELEPHONE  COMPANIES 
SALUTE:  BOB  BUCK 


W  hen  a  new  microwave  transmission  system  was  needed 
to  connect  Detroit,  Flint,  and  Lansing.  Bob  Buck  (B.S.E.E., 
1960)  designed  it. 

Bob  has  established  quite  an  engineering  reputation  in 
Michigan  Bells  Microwave  Group  during  his  two  years 
there.  And  to  see  that  his  talent  was  further  developed,  the 
company  selected  Bob  to  attend  the  Bell  System  Regional 
Communications  School  in  Chicago. 


Bob  joined  Michigan  Bell  back  in  1959.  And  after 
introductory  training,  he  established  a  mobile  radio  main- 
tenance system  and  helped  improve  Detroit's  Maritime 
Radio  system  — contributions  that  led  to  his  latest  step  up! 

Bob  Buck,  like  many  young  engineers,  is  impatient  to 
make  things  happen  for  his  company  and  himself.  There 
are  few  places  where  such  restlessness  is  more  welcomed 
or  rewarded  than  in  the  fast-growing  telephone  business. 


BELL  TELEPHONE  COMPANIES 


In  just  a  few  short  months,  those 
new  graduates  spanned  the  dis- 
tance from  the  classroom  to  the 
space  age.  They  joined  with  their 
experienced  colleagues  in  tack- 
ling a  variety  of  tough  assign- 
ments.On  July  20th,  1963,  their 
product  went  off  with  a  roar  that 
lasted  two  solid  minutes,  provid- 
ing more  than  1 ,000,000  pounds 
of  thrust  on  the  test  stand.  This 
was  part  of  the  USAF  Titan  MIC 
first  stage,  for  which  United 
Technology  Center  is  the  con- 
tractor. Two  of  these  rockets 
will  provide  over  80%  of  all  the 
thrust  developed  by  the  vehicle. 
Some  of  you  now  reading  this 
page  may  soon  be  a  part  of  that 
program... or  a  part  of  other  sig- 
nificant, long-range  programs. 
■  UTC  now  offers  career  oppor- 
tunities for  promising  graduates 
at  the  bachelor's,  master's,  and 
doctoral  levels  in  EE,  ME,  AeroE, 
and  ChE.  Positions  are  impor- 
tant and  offer  personal  and  pro- 
fessional reward  in  the  areas  of 
systems  analysis,  instrumenta- 
tion, data  acquisition,  prelimi- 
nary design,  aerothermodynam- 
ics,  stress  analysis,  structure 
dynamics,  testing,  propellant 
development  and  processing.  ■ 
If  your  idea  of  a  career  in  the 
space  age  includes  joining  a 
young,  vital,  aggressive  com- 
pany... then  get  in  touch  with 
us  now!  If  you  want  to  work  with 
men  who  can  develop  and  build 
a  wide  variety  of  sophisticated 
propulsion  systems,  see  your 
placement  officer  for  a  campus 
Interview  or  write  Mr.  J.  B.  Waste. 

UNITED 

TECHNOLOGY 

CENTER 


SOME  OF 

THE  MEN  10 

mOKED  ON  II 

HEREIN 

COLLEGES 

LIKEYOORS 

KYEMIIIGO 


CORPORATION 


P.  0.  Box  358  -  Dept.  E,  Sunnyvale,  California 

U.  S.  Citizenship  Required  -  Equal  Opportunity  Employe 


16 


TECHNOGRAPH 


B-52.  Sengine  jet  bomber  with  range  of  over  9000 
miles.  Backbone  of  the  Strategic  Air  Command. 


Are  you  ready  for  a  muiii-miiiion-doiiar  responsibility? 


If  you  are,  there's  a  place  for  you  on  the  Aerospace 
Team— the  U.  S.  Air  Force. 

No  organization  in  the  world  gives  young  people  a 
greater  opportunity  to  do  vital,  responsible  work. 
For  example,  just  a  short  while  ago  a  23-year-old  Air 
Force  lieutenant  made  a  startling  breakthrough  in 
metallurgy.  And  a  recent  All-America  tackle  is  doing  ad- 
vanced research  in  nuclear  weapons. 
If  you  have  talent,  you'll  have  a  chance 


U.S.  Air  Force 


to  show  it  in  the  Air  Force.  Your  work  can  put  you  and 

your  country  ahead. 

You  can  earn  your  commission  at  Air  Force  Officer 

Training  School,  a  three-month  course  open  to  both 

men  and  women.  To  apply,  you  must  be  within  210 

days  of  your  degree. 

For  more  information,  contact  the  Professor  of 
Air  Science.  If  your  campus  has  no 
AFROTC,  see  your  Air  Force  recruiter. 


MARCH,    1964 


17 


Semi-Conductor 


Lasers 


In  the  three  years  since  the  first 
working  model  was  constructed  the 
laser  has  captured  the  imagination  of 
several  hundred  industrial  and  edu- 
cational research  laboratories,  in- 
cluding the  University  of  Illinois' 
Electi-ical  Engineering  Research  Lab- 
oratory. 

The  laser  (light  amplification  by 
stimulated  emission  of  radiation)  is  a 
device  for  producing  a  powerful  beam 
of  light  with  waves  that  are  mono- 
chromatic and  coherent,  that  is,  are 
all  of  the  same  wave  length  and  are 
all  in  step,  or  lined  up,  crest  to  crest 
and  trough  to  trough.  This  beam  was 
first  produced  by  energy  in  the  form 
of  photons  of  light  emitted  by  elec- 
trons dropping  to  lower  energy  levels. 

The  best  known  laser  device  is  the 
ruby  crystal.  A  synthetic  aluminum 
oxide  rod  containing  .05%  chromium 
and    having    partially    silvered    ends. 


GALLIUM 
ARSENIDE    PHOSPHIDE 


In  producing  the  beam  of  intense  light 
the  chromium  atoms  absorb  light 
energy  from  a  powerful  flash  tube 
coiled  around  the  ruby  rod.  The  light 
energy  from  the  flash  tube  raises  the 
atoms  in  the  crystal  to  an  excited 
state  from  which  they  drop  to  the 
ground  state  in  two  steps.  Almost 
instantaneously,  the  atoms  degenerate 
to  the  metastable  state,  releasing 
energy  to  the  crystal  lattice  but  emit- 
ting no  light.  The  second  chop,  to  the 
ground  state,  occius  haphazardly  in 
the  next  few  thousandths  of  a  second. 
If  a  photon  of  light  collides  with  an 
electron  in  any  energy  state,  the  elec- 
tron will  either  (1)  give  up  energy 
to  the  photon  or  (2)  absorb  energy 
from  it.  If  the  electron  happens  to  be 
in  an  "excited"  state,  it  will  be  stimu- 
lated to  give  up  energy  to  the  photon, 
and  if  the  electron  is  in  a  "relaxed" 
state,  then  it  will  absorb  energy  from 


D  create  P  and  N  regions 
Mowed  to  diffuse  into  one 
IS  electron   dense   molecule 


JUNCTION  region: 
zn  concentration  = 

Se  concentration 


n  a  single  crystal,  the  ends  are  given  different  chemical  treotments.  Zinc 
end  of  the  crystal,  producing  electron  "vacancies"  or  "holes."  Selenium 
i  in  the  rest  of  the  crystal. 


by  TOM  GRANTHAM  EE-LAS  '67 

the  photon.  It  follows  tlien  that  while 
in  the  metastable  energy  state,  an 
atom  in  the  crystal  will  emit  a  photon 
and  fall  to  the  ground  state  if  it  is  hit 
bv  a  photon  from  the  flash  tube.  Of 
course  an  atom  in  the  ground  state 
also  can  be  raised  to  the  metastable 
state  by  the  same  sort  of  photon. 

For  laser  action  to  occur,  there 
must  be  more  atoms  in  the  upper  state 
than  in  the  lower  in  order  for  the 
emission  of  such  photons  to  prevail 
over  their  absorption.  Now,  if  a  large 
number  of  atoms  can  somehow  be 
activated  into  the  higher  energy 
level  (metastable),  then  the  first  few 
photons  haphazardly  emitted  will 
spring  the  trap  door  of  the  metastable 
stage,  instantly  releasing  a  tremen- 
dous number  of  photons,  all  of  the 
same  wave  length  and  all  in  step.  It 
is  possible  to  excite  more  atoms  into 
the  metastable  level  by  making  the 
pumping  light  of  the  flash  lamp 
stronger.  The  photons  then  emitted 
reflect  back  and  forth  between  the 
ends  of  the  ruby  rod  until  the  beam 
is  powerful  enough  to  suddenly  flash 
out. 

The  ruby  crystal  was  the  first  suc- 
cessful laser  device,  but  since  its  dis- 
covery many  more  materials  have 
been  used  to  produce  similar  coherent 
beams  of  light.  All  laser  materials 
must  have  an  upper  energy  level  into 
which  atoms  can  be  pumped  and  a 
lower  level  to  which  they  will  fall 
with  the  spontaneous  emission  of 
photons.  More  recent  devices,  include 
other  solidionic  lasers  similar  to  the 
ruby,  which  are  pumped  by  a  flash 
lamp;  noble  gases,  which  are  pumped 
by  a  gas  discharge;  and  a  new  tube 
known  as  the  semi-conductor  P-N 
junction  diode  laser,  which  is  pumped 
by  a  direct  application  of  electric  cur- 
rent. 


TECHNOGRAPH 


The  sonii-coiiduttor  laser  differs 
from  the  ruby  and  noble  gas  type 
lasers  in  several  respects  other  than 
the  manner  of  pumping.  This  new- 
laser  de\ice  offers  10*^0  to  a  possible 
100^;,  efficiencN-  rather  than  the  1% 
efficienc\'  characteristic  of  ruby  and 
gas  rods.  The  semi-conductor  laser 
makes  use  of  broad  energy  levels 
rather  than  sharply  defined  levels. 
The  free  electrons  tra\el  between 
levels  rather  than  among  the  atoms. 

The  P-N  junction  diode  laser  utilizes 
a  semi-conductor  crystal,  such  as 
gallium  arsenide  phosphide.  The  ends 
of  the  crystal  are  given  different 
chemical  treatments  to  create  the  P 
(positive)  and  N  (negative)  regions. 
The  P  region  is  formed  by  allowing 
zinc  to  diffuse  into  the  crystal.  The 
diffusion  of  the  zinc  into  the  crystal 
stops  along  a  fairly  well-defined  sur- 
face. The  rest  of  the  crystal  is  treated 
with  an  element  such  as  selenium. 
When  the  zinc  combines  with  the 
molecules  of  the  crystal,  electron 
"vacancies"  or  "holes"  are  formed  in 
these  molecules.  Selenium  combines 
mth  the  molecules  of  crystal  to  form 
electron  "dense"  molecules.  These  two 
different  types  of  crystal  molecules 
meet  along  the  plane  of  the  zinc 
diffusion. 

If  free  electrons  are  fed  into  the 
N  region,  they  travel  to  the  junction 
of  the  bands  and  drop  into  the  "holes" 
of  the  P  region,  emitting  photons  to 
produce  the  laser  beam.  Because  very 


^^H 

^11  r 

H 

^ 

Ib 

.'•■V'-t^^l^H^^B^^^^^^^^^^B. 

Professor  Holonyak  shows  the  loser  device  he  invented  to  Tom  Grantham,  a  sophomore 
engineering.  The  actual  semiconductor  crystol  is  smaller  than  the  point  of  a  pencil  or 
examined  through  the  microscope  at  the  left. 


large  ninnbers  of  excited  electrons 
are  produced  when  a  current  flows, 
only  a  small  diode  is  needed,  and 
because  nearly  all  electrons  shot 
across  the  junction  contribute  useful 
photons  (resistance  losses  only),  it 
is  \'ery  efficient. 

At  the  U  of  I,  Professor  Nick 
Holonyak,  Jr.  heads  a  group  that  is 
studying  this  semi-conductor  type  of 
laser.  Professor  Holonyak,  a  graduate 
( EE )  of  this  university,  developed 
the  first  junction  diode  to  produce  a 
visible  laser  beam  while  he  was  work- 


ing at  General  Electric.  Dr.  Holonyak 
has  produced  a  tiny  semi-conductor 
device  1/100  inch  long,  1/50  inch 
wide,  and  1/100  inch  high,  which 
produces  any  wave  length  between 
6400  and  8400  angstroms.  It  is  very 
efficient,  requires  little  eqiu'pment  to 
operate,  and  changes  operating  cur- 
rent cycles  at  a  much  higher  speed 
than  previous  lasers.  In  addition  to 
his  work.  Dr.  Holonyak  is  teaching  a 
graduate  course  on  the  laser  and 
hopes  to  be  able  to  teach  undergradu- 
ate courses  in  the  coming  semester. 


PHONON  EMISSION 
PHOTON  EMISSION 


U ELECTRONS 

PHOTON  EMISSION 
HOLES 


CRYSTAL   MOMENTUM-^ 


CRYSTAL  MOMENTUM. 


In  indirect-gap  semiconductors  (left  diagram)  electrons  in  the  conduction 
band  cannot  recombine  with  holes  in  the  valence  band  without  first  losing 
crystal  momentum  in  the  form  of  a  phonon.  In  direct-gop  materials  (right 
diogrom),   holes    and    electrons    can    recombine    directly,    generally   with    the 


emission  of  o  photon.  Because  direct  recombination  is  more  probable, 
direct-gap  materials  hove  received  more  attention  than  indirect-gap 
materials. 


MARCH,    1964 


19 


20 


ON  THE  MOON... 


Our  world-recognized  trademark— "the  P&WA  eagle"— has  been 
identified  with  progress  in  flight  propulsion  for  almost  four  decades, 
spanning  the  evolution  of  power  from  yesterday's  reciprocating 
engines  to  today's  rockets.  Tomorrow  will  find  that  same  Pratt  & 
Whitney  Aircraft  eagle  carrying  men  and  equipment  to  the  moon  and 
to  even  more  distant  reaches  of  outer  space. 

Engineering  achievement  of  this  magnitude  is  directly  traceable  to 
our  conviction  that  basic  and  applied  research  is  essential  to  healthy 
progress.  Today's  engineers  at  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft  accept  no 
limiting  criteria.  They  are  moving  ahead  in  many  directions  to  advance 
our  programs  in  energy  conversion  for  every  environment. 

Our  progress  on  current  programs  is  exciting,  for  it  anticipates  the 
challenges  of  tomorrow.  We  are  working,  for  example,  in  such  areas 
as  advanced  gas  turbines  .  .  .  rocket  engines  .  .  .  fuel  cells  .  . .  nuclear 
power— all  opening  up  new  avenues  of  exploration  in  every  field  of 
aerospace,  marine  and  industrial  power  application. 


The  breadth  of  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft  programs  requires  virtually  every  tech- 
nical talent .  .  .  requires  ambitious  young  engineers  and  scientists  who  can  con- 
tribute to  our  advances  of  the  state  of  the  art.  Your  degree?  It  can  be  a  B.S.,  M.S. 
or  Ph.D.  in;  MECHANICAL  .  AERONAUTICAL  .  ELECTRICAL  .  CHEMICAL  and 
NUCLEAR  ENGINEERING  •  PHYSICS  •  CHEMISTRY  •  METALLURGY  •  CE- 
RAMICS •  MATHEMATICS  •  ENGINEERING  SCIENCEor  APPLIED  MECHANICS. 


Career  boundaries  with  us  can  be  further  extended  through  a  corpo- 
ration-financed Graduate  Education  Program.  For  further  information 
regarding  opportunities  at  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft,  consult  your  col- 
lege placement  officer— or— write  to  Mr.  William  L.  Stoner,  Engineering 
Department,  Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft,  East  Hartford  8,  Connecticut. 


Pratt  &  Whitney  Aircraft 

CONNECTICUT  OPERATIONS     EAST  HARTFORD,  CONNECTICUT 
FLORIDA  OPERATIONS    WEST  PALM  BEACH,  FLORIDA 


u 

EO  AIR 


DIVISION  OF  UNITED  AIRCRAFT  CORP. 


An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


SPECIALISTS  IN  POWER...  POWER  FOR  PROPULSION-POWER 
FOR  AUXILIARY  SYSTEMS.  CURRENT  UTILIZATIONS  INCLUDE 
AIRCRAFT,  MISSILES,  SPACE  VEHICLES,  MARINE  AND  IN- 
DUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS. 


21 


5PtRKIN&  DN  LIGHT 


by  ROGER  JOHNSON,  EE  '66 


A  narrow  beam  of  cool,  intense 
light,  emitted  from  a  ruby  crystal  laser 
device,  may  soon  become  the  medium 
by  which  many  channels  of  informa- 
tion can  be  transmitted  over  great  dis- 
tances simultaneously.  For  example,  it 
may  be  possible  to  transmit  numerous 
telephone  or  television  signals  at  the 
same  time  by  using  a  light  beam  as  a 
carrier. 

A  University  of  Illinois  laser  re- 
search group,  under  Professor  D.  F. 
Holshouser  of  the  Department  of  Elec- 
trical Engineering,  is  conducting 
studies  on  modulation  of  light  at 
microwave  frequencies,  that  is,  plac- 
ing information  on  a  light  beam.  The 
group  is  also  concerned  with  the  de- 
tection of  microwave  signals  that  have 
been  placed  upon  such  a  beam. 

Coherent  light  can  be  directed  to 
form  a  very  intense  beam  which  will 
di\ergc  or  scatter  only  slightly  in 
tra\eling  over  large  distances.  For 
e.xample,  it  has  been  estimated  that  a 


four  inch  lens  used  in  conjunction 
with  a  laser  could  direct  a  detectable 
light  signal  to  the  moon. 

Because  of  the  low  divergence  prop- 
erty of  laser  light,  such  a  beam  would 
be  especially  applicable  for  carrying 
information  in  space  communication 
or  along  enclosed  light  paths.  It  should 
be  remembered,  however,  that  such 
a  light  beam  can  still  be  reflected  and 
refracted  by  clouds  and  fog.  Bell 
Telephone  is  already  considering  fu- 
ture replacement  of  telephone  lines 
with  light  networks. 

The  modulation  of  light  at  micro- 
wave frequencies  is  particularly  de- 
sirable due  to  the  large  bandwidth 
capability  of  such  a  communications 
system.  Electro-optic  methods  of 
modulating  light  at  lower  frequencies 
have  existed  for  several  years,  but 
only  recently  have  methods  been  de- 
vised for  intensity  modulation  of  light 
at  microwave  frequencies  using  the 
electro-optic  intensity  modulation 
Kerr  and  Peckel's  effect.  After  exten- 


sive study  of  methods  Professor  D.  F. 
Holshouser  and  Professor  C.  L.  Caddy 
have  successfully  modulated  light  with 
frequencies  from  1000  megacycles  to 
1  gigacycle. 

At  the  receiving  end  of  such  an 
optical  communications  link,  a  means 
must  be  provided  for  the  detection  of 
very  low  level  light  signals  having 
modulation  components  over  a  large 
band  in  the  microwave  frequency 
range.  For  a  detection  scheme.  Pro- 
fessors Caddy  and  Holshouser  have 
developed  a  photomultiplication  sys- 
tem which  acts  as  an  amplifier  for  a 
photo-electron  current  produced  by  a 
modulated  light  beam  and  varying 
at  microwave  frequencies.  This  tech- 
nique is  called  microwave  frequency 
dynamic  crossed-field  photomultipli- 
cation. 

These  two  distinguished  U  of  I  pro- 
fessors are  continuing  their  research 
with  the  aims  of  improving  existing 
techniques  and  equipment.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


mmumzmmim  gas  dis 


5940 


6500 


6100 


V7T/T77\  SEMl-co^  DUCTORS 


31000 


V///^/A  SOLIDS 

26000 


:harge 


350000 


1000 
ANGSTROMS 

0.1 
MICRONS 


10' 
I 


10^ 


10' 


10^ 


Laser   frequencies 
orange    range   of    th« 


TOW   extend    frort 


5940   angstrom    units 
n    to    350,000    angstron 


the   yellow- 


range.    Tfie    chort    above    indicates    tl 
es    produced    by   different   types   of    lo 


22 


TECHNOGRAPH 


ZJechnocutle 


W«.    SLJ  p.; 


Eniiinccii-,  if  ijou'ce  been  ninniniS.  around  thin  campus 
with  your  head  in  logarithm  tables,  it's  time  you  took 
notice  and  looked  up.  Up  that  is  to  Sheril.  She's  five 
feet  ten  inches  tall  and  has  been  "racing  our  campus  for 
two  years.  She's  in  Home  Economics  Retailini^,  and  her 
major  is  engineers,  especially  tall  blondes;  she  wants 
someone  she  can  look  straight  in  the  eye  about  most 
matters.  Asked  about  what  she  wants  mo.it  out  of  life 
she  replied,  "A  career  of  travel,  money,  and  lots  of 
excitement."  Then  she  added  with  a  twinkle  in  her  eye, 
"and  other  things." 


'ac4a>>td>^0L 


RESEARC 


Fuel  Cells  Among  Countless  R&D  Programs 
Accenting  Broad  Spectrum  of  Tl  Opportunities 


The  direct  conversion  of  inexpensive  fuels 
into  electricity  via  the  fuel  cell  (being  ex- 
amined in  picture  above)  is  just  one  of  hun- 
dreds of  research  and  development  projects 
some  1300  R&D  scientists  and  engineers  are 
pursuing  at  Texas  Instruments  Incorporated. 
Research  and  development  comprises  just 
one  of  TI's  89  professional  fields  (listed  at 
right)  providing  a  broad  spectrum  of  oppor- 
tunities both  challenging  and  rewarding. 

TI  is  a  multidivisional  company  engaged 
in  the  development  and  production  of  elec- 
tronic and  electrical  components;  metallurgi- 
cal and  semiconductor  materials;  electronic 
assemblies  and  systems;  and  is  a  contractor 
of  land  and  marine  geophysical  exploration 


services.  TI's  R&D  pursuits  require  the 
creative  services  of  advanced  degree  engi- 
neers and  scientists  trained  in  electronics, 
ceramics,  chemistry,  geology,  geophysics, 
mechanics,  mathematics,  metallurgy,  and 
physics. 

INVESTIGATE  FASCINATING  TI 
CAREERS   by   submitting 
your    resume,    or    sending  i-  ,.,, 

for  "Career  Opportunity 
Guide  for  the  College 
Graduate"  to  Mr.  T.  H. 
Dudley,  Dept.  C-36.  Ask 
your  College  Placement 
Officer  for  TI  interview 
dates  on  your  campus. 


n 


Texas  Instruments 

INCORPORATED 

p.    O.    BOX     5474     .     DALLAS    22.    TEXAS 
An  Equal  Opporiunily  Employer 


AIRWAYS  CONTROL 

ALLOYING 

AUTOMATION 

AVIONIC  SWITCHING 

BONDED  METALS 

CAPACITORS 

CERAMICS 

CIRCUITRY 

CLAD  METALS 

COMMUNICATIONS 

COMPONENTS 

COMPUTER  ELEMENTS  « 

PROGRAMMING 

CONTROLLED  RECTIFIERS 

CONTROLS 

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CYBERNETICS 

DATA   HANDLING 

DEVICE    DEVELOPMENT 

DIELECTRICS 

DIFFUSION 

DIODES 

ELASTIC  WAVE 

PROPAGATION 

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ELECTROLUMINESCENCE 

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PACKAGING 

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QUALIFICATION  TESTING 

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EXPLORATION 

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OCEANOGRAPHY 

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ANALYSIS 

OPTICS 

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PHYSICAL  CHEMISTRY 

PHYSICS 

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PLATING 

OUALITY  CONTROL 

QUANTUM  ELECTRONICS 

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RECONNAISSANCE 

RECTIFIERS 

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DEVELOPMENT 

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SONAR 

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SPACE  ELECTRONICS 

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY 

SURVEILLANCE 

SYSTEMS 

TELEMETRY 

THERMOELECTRICITY 

THERMOSTATIC  DEVICES 

TRANSDUCERS 

TRANSISTORS 

UNDERSEA  WARFARE 


Your  life  at  Du  Pont   I    one  of  a  series  for  technical  men 


Arm  yourself  ^with  facts  about  DuPont 


These  booklets  helped  persuade  some  700  new  B.S.  graduates 
to  join  us  in  1963.   It  was  mostly  a  matter  of  getting  facts. 

For  example,  if  you  want  to  start  your  career  in  a  certain 
section  of  the  country,  you'll  find  that  Du  Pont-with  facilities 
in  28  states— will  try  to  accommodate  you. 

If  you're  interested  in  growth  for  what  it  can  mean  to  you 
personally,  you'll  be  interested  to  know  that  our  sales  have 
increased  750%  since  1937.  You've  probably  heard  that  R&D 
expenditures  are  a  good  indicator  of  a  company's  future  success. 
We  spend  $90  million  a  year  on  it,  $60  million  of  which  goes 
straight  into  "pioneering  research"  —  the  discovery  of  new 
scientific  truths  and  new  materials. 

Our  booklets  will  answer  most  of  your  preliminary  questions. 
Later-or  even  now  if  you  wish-we  can  talk  specifics  by  letter, 
or  face  to  face.  Why  not  write  us  or  send  our  coupon?  We'd 
like  to  know  about  you. 


BETTER  THINGS  FOR  BETTER  LIVING 

.  . .  THROUGH  CHEMISTRY 

An  equal  opportunity  employer 


TECHNICAL  MEN  WE'LL  NEED  FROM  THE  CLASS  OF  '64 

Chemists  Industrial  Engineers 

Chemical  Engineers  Civil  Engineers 

Mechanical  Engineers  Physicists 

Electrical  Engineers 

E.  I.  du  Pont  de  Nemours  &  Co.  (Inc.) 

2531   Nemours  Building,  Wilmington,  Delaware  19898 

Please  send  me  the  literature  indicated  below. 

D  DuPont  and  the  College  Graduate  D  Reprint    of    Saturday 

D  Mechanical  Engineers  at  Du  Pont  Evening   Post  article 

n  Engineers  at  Du  Pont  on  Du  Pont,  July,  '63. 

n  Chemical  Engineers  at  Du  Pont 

n  Also  please  open   in  my  name  a  free  STUDENT  SUBSCRIPTION 

to  the  award-winning  Du  Pont  Magazine-the  official  bi-monthly 

publication  of  the  Du  Pont  Company. 


Name 

Class 

Maior 

Degree  expected 

Colleee 

IVIv  address 

City 

Zone 

State 

MARCH,    1964 


25 


WPG  U 


Designed  and  built  by  electrical  engi- 
neering students,  WPGV  is  one  of  the 
best  equipped  radio  stations  in  down- 
state  Illinois. 

Before  the  end  of  this  semester 
there  may  be  a  new  sound  on  the  air 
-the  sound  of  WPGU-FM.  Entering 
its  eleventh  year  of  broadcasting  to 
the  University  Residence  Halls  on 
closed  circuit  AM,  WPGU  hopes  now 
to  expand  its  radio  service  to  the  en- 
tire University  community  and  to  the 
Champaign-Urbana  area  by  establish- 
ing an  FM  station,  capable  of  being 
leceived  anywhere  within  a  30-40 
mile  radius. 

What  is  WPGU?  These  are  the  call 
letters  of  one  of  the  nation's  largest, 
financially  independent  student-run 
radio  stations.  Called  the  "Student 
Voice  of  the  University  of  Illinois," 
WPGU,  operating  on  640  kilocycles, 
provides  continuous,  round-the-clock 
radio  entertainment  to  over  9,000  stu- 
dents living  in  more  than  20  residence 
halls  and  one  foundation  dormitory, 
Newman  Hall. 

Broadcasting  24  hours  a  day,  seven 
days  a  week  while  the  University  is 
in  session,  WPGU  provides  a  well- 
balanced  program  of  music,  news, 
sports  and  special  events.  All  man- 
agerial, technical,  and  operating  per- 


Bill  Lueck,  sophomore  in  electrical  engineering, 
places  a  tope  on  the  large  Ampex  tope  recorder 
useci  during  unprogrammed  broadcasting,  for 
production    work,   and    for   recorded    programs. 


by  BILL  LUECK 

sonnel,  over  180  in  number,  are 
enrolled  as  students  at  the  University 
of  Illinois. 

E.xtensive  equipment,  worth  o\'er 
$20,000,  is  now  housed  in  modern  fa- 
cilities in  the  basement  of  Weston 
Hall.  The  station  occupies  ten  rooms, 
including  two  fully  equipped  control 
rooms,  an  engineering  workshop,  two 
broadcast  studios,  an  interview-taping 
studio,  and  a  news  preparation  room 
containing  a  24-hour  teletype  line 
from  United  Press  International. 

The  record  library,  containing  over 
20,000  discs,  is  the  largest  in  Illinois 
outside  Chicago.  Some  records  are 
received  free  from  distributors,  but 
the  majority  are  purchased.  Money  for 
records,  new  equipment,  including  the 
FM  installation,  and  for  maintenance 
expenses  is  received  from  the  sale  of 
air  time  to  local  and  national  adver- 
tisers. 

WPGU's  Expansion 

Strange  as  it  may  seem,  WPGU  has 
not  always  called  Champaign-Urbana 
its  home.  The  original  equipment, 
some  of  which  is  still  in  use  today, 
once  functioned  as  part  of  a  radio 
station  in  Galesburg,  Illinois.  During 
the  time  the  University  maintained  a 
division  at  Galesburg,  a  student  or- 
ganization known  as  the  Speech  and 
Radio  Club  operated  an  intercollegiate 
broadcasting  station  known  to  its 
campus  listeners  ;i5  WTNI.  It  used 
wireless  equipment  installed  on  the 
Galesburg  campus  by  a  Navy  elec- 
tronics unit. 

In  1949,  the  apparatus  was  moved 
to  Champaign  and  stored  pending  dis- 
position. 

In  1950,  the  Illini  Publishing  Com- 
pan\'  and  the  School  of  Journalism  and 
Communications  assumed  supervision 
of  the  station,  not  yet  known  as 
WPGU  and  then  operating  on  a  rather 
irregular  basis.  University  Trustees 
appropriated  funds  to  purchase  addi- 


tional equipment  for  the  new  venture. 
The  station  as  it  is  known  today 
got  its  start  two  years  later  when  the 
University  Housing  Division  agreed 
to  take  responsibility  for  overseeing 
the  operation  of  the  station  by  the 
student  organization  known  as  the 
Parade  Ground  Unit.  The  group  in- 
corporated its  initials  into  the  new  call 
letters,  and  in  the  third  week  of  De- 
cember, 1953,  WPGU  was  finally  on 
the  air  for  the  first  time  with  regu- 
larly scheduled  programs. 

The  station's  first  home  was  one  of 
the  "temporary "  wooden  barracks  type 
units,  built  in  1947  as  part  of  an  over- 
all crash  building  program  to  accom- 
modate the  postwar  college  rush.  One 
suite,  consisting  of  four  small  rooms, 
was  made  available  for  radio  station 
operation.  Radio  equipment  occupied 
these  quarters  for  twelve  years.  In 
1961,  ^^TGU  moved  into  its  perma- 
nent Weston  Hall  quarters. 

At  the  present  time  WPGU  broad- 
casts to  the  residence  halls  by  an  in- 
genious system  called  "carrier  cur- 
rent" (closed  circuit)  transmission. 
Each  hall  complex  is  served  by  a 
low-power  transmitter  which  feeds  its 
signal  directly  into  the  power  lines 
in  the  halls.  Consequently,  only  radios 
in  the  halls  themselves  can  receive 
the  programs. 

The  residence  hall  system  is  served 
by  eleven  transmitters,  each  of  which 
may  be  operated  remotely  from  a 
panel  in  the  main  control  room.  Each 
transmitter  is  connected  to  the  control 
room  bv  a  special  telephone  line.  In 
normal  operation,  the  program  source, 
fed  through  the  proper  amplifiers.  Is 
applied  to  a  splitter  transformer 
which  in  turn  sends  an  identical  sig- 
nal to  each  transmitter.  Though  nor- 
mally each  hall  receives  the  same 
program,  a  special  program  may  be 
sent  to  or  received  from  each  individ- 
ual transmitter  without  affecting  the 
others. 

Many  people  have  the  idea  that  a 
radio  station  is  a  maze  of  strange 
devices  and  e.xotic  circuitry.  Actually 
the  \\TGU  studios  contain  little  more 
than  a  large  number  of  switches  and 
a  set  of  amplifiers.  An  electrical  engi- 
neer would  have  trouble  finding  a 
circuit  even  as  exotic  as  an  oscillator. 
Since  the  transmitters  of  WPGU  are 
located    outside    the    studios    in    the 


26 


TECHNOGRAPH 


various  residence  halls,  the  main 
function  of  the  studio  equipment  is 
to  originate  the  program  and  amplify 
it  a  number  of  times  before  sending 
it  to  the  transmitters. 

Programming 

All  live  shows  are  programmed  and 
presented  by  student  announcers.  An 
announcer  usually  spends  the  same 
amount  of  time  preparing  a  show  as 
he  does  giving  it  on  the  air.  Record 
requests  are  made  out  at  least  24 
hours  before  a  show-.  The  records  are 
obtained  shortly  before  the  show,  are 
played,  and  then  are  immediately  re- 
turned to  the  library  for  further  use. 

The  ten  newscasts  heard  daily  on 
WPGU  are  prepared  and  read  by  stu- 
dent newscasters.  In  this  case  there  is 
a  much  higher  ratio  of  preparation 
time  to  on  the  air  time  than  with  a 
musical  show.  From  thirty  minutes  to 
an  hour  may  be  required  for  a  fi\e- 
minute  newscast.  A  newscaster  must 
select  a  well-balanced  set  of  items, 
including  all  the  important  national, 
international,  state,  and  local  stories, 
as  well  as  the  weather. 

Controlling  every  program  put  on 
the  air,  as  well  as  many  recorded  and 
production  features,  is  the  broadcast 
engineer,  who  recei\es  his  instructions 
from  the  announcer.  He  is  in  charge 
of  the  technical  end  of  the  show, 
spinning  the  records,  controlling  the 
program  source,  maintaining  constant 
volume  level,  and  numerous  other 
technical  duties. 

Vlany  engineers  are  also  on  the 
technical  staff.  The  technical  depart- 
ment actually  keeps  the  station  run- 
ning and  on  the  air,  building  and 
servicing  the  transmitters   and   main- 


taining  tiie   control    boards,   tape   re- 
corders, and  otiier  equipment. 

Management 

The  control  of  WPGU  is  divided 
into  six  departments:  the  Information 
Department,  the  Program  Depart- 
ment, the  Commercial  Department, 
the  Office  Department,  the  Engineer- 
ing Department,  and  the  Finance  De- 
partment. The  directors  of  these  six 
departments  plus  the  station  manager 
comprise  the  Managerial  Council, 
which  meets  weekly  to  discuss  prob- 
lems relating  to  the  operation  of  the 
station  and  to  determine  the  policies 
of  WPGU. 

The  Information  Department,  un- 
der the  supervision  of  a  director,  is 
responsible  for  the  preparation  of  all 
informational  material,  for  the  assign- 
ment of  air  time  to  department  mem- 
bers, and  for  the  quality  of  the  mate- 
rial presented  o\er  the  air.  Students 
in  this  department  have  an  opportu- 
nity to  meet  and  interview  personali- 
ties, to  learn  to  speak  extemporane- 
ously, and  to  interpret  and  broadcast 
news    copy. 

The  activities  of  the  Program  De- 
partment are  guided  by  a  director 
who  supervises  all  programming  of  a 
noninformational  nature,  executes  cer- 
tain policy  decisions  on  program  ma- 
terial, and  keeps  constant  check  on 
program  quality  in  conformance  with 
FCC  and  NAB  (National  Association 
of   Broadcasters )    regulations. 

The  Commercial  Department  has  a 
two-fold  function:  to  obtain  the  nec- 
essary revenue  for  the  operation  of 
the  station  and  to  train  student  staff 
members  in  the  commercial  aspects 
of  radio  broadcasting.  The  commercial 
manager  heads  this  department 


PRE-AMPLIFIERS 


\ 


O    O         MIXER  O  O 


7 


litters 


MASTER 

AMPLIFIER 


WPGU's  syste 
broadcasting  by 
closed-circuit  tran 
was  designed  by  its  own 
tectinical  staff.  The  pro- 
posed FM  transmitting 
antenna  will  be  located 
on   top   of  Weston   Hall. 


SPLITTER    TRANSFORMER 


^^^I 


TRANSMITERS 


i   ii    i 


The  Office  Department  handles  all 
matters  pertaining  to  publicity,  per- 
sonnel, and  magnetic  tapes. 

The  Engineering  Department  has 
one  main  function:  to  provide  the 
program  and  information  department-; 
with  the  necessary  facilities  witli 
which  to  broadcast  music,  news,  inter- 
views, and  special  programs  to  the 
students  living  in  University  residence 
halls.  The  duties  of  the  chief  engineer 
include  assembling  a  competent  staff 
and,  through  his  supervisors,  con- 
structing, maintaining,  and  operating 
the  station  equipment. 

The  Finance  Department,  headed 
by  the  treasurer,  keeps  all  financial 
records  for  the  station.  He  acts  as 
financial  adxisor  to  WPGU's  manage- 
rial council  and  as  station  business 
representative. 

The  organization  and  o\erall  con- 
trol of  WPGU  are  the  direct  respon- 
sibility of  the  Station  Manager.  He 
must  also  decide  on  questions  of  pol- 
icy, procedure,  or  rules  arising  be- 
tween managerial  Council  meetings. 
In  addition  to  presiding  at  these  meet- 
ings, the  station  manager  serves  as 
the  \\TGU  representative  in  all  out- 
side affairs. 

Staffing 

All  departments  at  WPGU  are  al- 
ways read}-  to  accept  new-  members. 
Absolutely  no  pre\-ious  experience  is 
necessary;  \\TGU  will  train  students 
in  their  field  of  interest.  Students  in- 
terested in  learning  more  about 
the  station  should  stop  in  at  the 
^^'PGU  studios  in  the  basement  of 
\\'eston  Hall,  MRH.  look  around,  and 
sign  up  if  the\-  wish.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


MARCH,    1964 


27 


ONLY  FORD-BUILT  CARS  MEET  THE  CHALLENGE  WITH 
TOTAL  PERFORMANCE! 


Something  wonderful's  happened  to  Ford  Motor 
Company  ears!  Under  the  freshest  styling  seen  in 
years,  there's  a  new  kind  of  durabiHty  and  vigor  that 
more  than  meets  the  demands  of  today's  and  tomor- 
row's high-speed  turnpike  driving  conditions. 

What's  the  secret?  Quality  engineering  for  total  per- 
formance. Quality  engineering  so  outstanding  that 
Ford  Motor  Company  received  the  NASCAR  Achieve- 


ment AwEird  for  engineering  excellence  which  "superbly 
combines  the  prime  essentials  of  great  automobiles — 
performance,  reliability,  durability,  comfort  and  safety." 

Total  performance  makes  a  world  of  difference.  Bodies 
and  frames  are  solid  and  quiet  even  on  the  roughest 
roads.  The  ride's  so  smooth,  so  even-keeled,  it  seems 
to  straighten  the  curves  and  shorten  the  miles.  And 
nothing  matches  the  spirit,  sparkle  and  stamina  of 
advanced  Ford-built  \  -8's  and  thrifty  Sixes.  Total 
performance  is  yours  to  enjoy  in  all  our  196-t  cars — from 
the  frisky  Falcon  to  the  matchless  Lincoln  Continental. 


MOTOR   COMPANY 

The  American  Road,  Dearborn,  Michigan 

»HERE    ENGINEERING    LEADERSHIP    BRINGS    YOU    BETTER-BUII.T    CARS 


28 


TECHNOGRAPH 


yet  cut  cost  20% 

Originally,  this  crosshead  for  a  lift  truck  was 
not  a  forging.  Now  it  is  forged  in  steel.  Here's 
why  .  .  . 

The  lift  truck  builder  wanted  to  increase  the 
safety  factor  to  meet  greater  bending  and  shear 
stresses.  He  also  wanted  to  increase  the  fatigue 
strength  of  the  part.  And  all  without  any  in- 
crease in  weight  or  cost.  He  also  wanted  to 
reduce  tool  breakage  caused  by  irregularities, 
voids,  and  inclusions. 

He  changed overto  FORGED  crossheads. 

Now  the  crosshead  has  the  required  strength 
and  stress-resistance,  costs  20%  less  when 
machined  and  ready  to  assemble,  increases 
production  rates  14%  by  reducing  tool  break- 
age and  increasing  machining  speeds. 

Forgings  are  better  for  these  reasons;  they: 

1.  Are  solid,  free  from  voids  and  inclusions 

2.  Have  high  fatigue  resistance 

3.  Are  strongest  under  impact  and  shock  loads 

4.  Have  a  higher  modulus  of  elasticity 

5.  Have  a  unique  stress-oriented  fiber 
structure 

6.  Are  low  in  mechanical  hysteresis 


Memo  to  future  engineers: 

"Make  it  lighter  and  make  it  stronger"  is  the 
demand  today.  No  other  metalworking  process 
meets  these  two  requirements  so  well  as  the  forg- 
ing process.  Be  sure  you  know  all  about  forgings. 
their  design  and  production.  Write  for  Case  History 
No.  105,  with  engineering  data  on  the  lift  truck 
crosshead  forging  shown  above. 

DROP  FORGING  ASSOCIATION 

55  Public  Square         •         Cleveland  13,  Ohio 
When  it's  a  vital  part,  design  it  to  be 


MARCH,    1964 


29 


ini  House 


Needs  Engineers 


To  provide  assistance  and  encour- 
agement necessary  to  keep  some 
primary  and  secondary  school  chil- 
dren in  school,  Illini  House  has  been 
established.  The  House  is  actually 
five  centers  located  in  the  Champaign- 
Urbana  area  and  staffed  by  University 
students.  While  tutoring  junior  liigh 
and  high  school  children  who  would 
ordinarily  not  go  beyond  secondary 
schooling,  these  University  students 
provide  an  example  of  ambitious, 
conscientious  young  people  who 
realize  the  need  for  continuing  their 
education. 

Sponsored  by  the  Governors  Com- 
mittee on  Literacy  and  Learning,  the 
local  organization  is  part  of  a  state- 
wide project  in  which  ten  Illinois 
colleges    are    presently    participating. 

Illini  House  has  been  operating  for 
only  a  short  time.  Originally,  two 
separate  groups,  the  Men's  Indepen- 
dent Association  and  \A'eslev  Founda- 


tion, were  working  independently  on 
similar  projects.  In  the  fall  of  1962 
the  two  groups  decided  to  work 
together  and  the  non-profit  organi- 
zation was  given  the  title  of  Illini 
House,  Inc. 

At  present  about  120  college  stu- 
dents spend  one  evening  a  week  at 
the  centers.  These  students  provide 
tutoring  especially  in  math  and  the 
sciences  since  these  are  the  subjects 
now  most  needed  on  the  high  school 
level.  Engineering  students  are  par- 
ticularly qualified  because  of  the 
many  courses  they  have  taken  in  these 
fields.  Five  of  our  engineering  stu- 
dents now  helping  in  the  project  are 
Richard  Heidenrich,  Ceramic  Eng.; 
Jim  Buckingham,  M.E.;  Joe  Salah, 
E.E.;  Ian  B.  Thomas,  E.E.  (Ph.D. 
candidate);  and  J.  Carl  Tompson, 
C.E.  Though  some  engineers  are 
participating  in  the  project,  far  more 
students    with    tcclinical    training   are 


by  BECKY  BRYAR 

needed. 

The  job  is  glamorous  (The  centers 
are  located  in  two  schools,  two  fire 
stations,  and  a  community  center), 
exciting  (What  could  be  more  ex- 
citing than  a  fire  station?),  and 
rewarding  (There  is  no  draft;  par- 
ticipation is  voluntary).  So  far,  the 
results  of  the  project  have  been 
promising.  Several  high  school  drop- 
outs have  returned  to  school  and  will 
continue  their  education;  many  have 
been  encouraged  to  work  harder. 

At  present,  student  organizations 
have  donated  about  $700  to  Illini 
House,  and  this  money  will  be  used 
to  provide  financial  assistance  to  stu- 
dents wishing  further  education  or 
training.  Of  course  any  donations  will 
be  gratefully  accepted. 

Any  students  interested  in  Illini 
House  are  urged  to  contact  Dean 
Hatch  at  3.3.3-0480  for  further  infor- 
mation on  the  project.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


ENGINEERING  ACTIVITIES   CALENDAR 


Professional  societies,  eni^ineering  Jionoiuries,  and  any  other  engineering  activ- 
ities desiring  piiblicitij  should  notify  Technograph,  room  48  EEB.  A  list  of 
activities  should  he  submitted  one  month  prior  to  our  publication  date  which 
is  the  tivelfth  of  each  month. 


SOCIETY 

MEETING 

LOCATION 

AGENDA 

Institute   of   Electrical 
and    Electronic 

Wed.,    March   25 
7:30    P.M. 

151    EEB 

Mr.  Harry  Dwon  from  American  Power  Service  Corp.  in  New  York  will  speak 
on   "Is  There  Anything    New  in   Power  Engineering?" 

Engineers    (IEEE) 

Wed.,    April    15 
7:30    P.M. 

151    EEB 

Mr.  L.  R.  Nuss  from  Collins  Radio  Company.  Cedar  Rapids.  Iowa,  will  speak 
on   "What  Does  Industry  Expect  of  a  Young   Engineer?" 

American   Society  of 
Civil    Engineers     (ISCE) 

Tues.,   April    14 
7:30   P.M. 

314  S 
I.U. 

Joint  meeting  with  Central  Section  of  ASCE.  Representation  of  Associate 
Membership  awards  to  outstanding  civil  engineering  graduates.  Dean  Everitt 
will  speak  on  "Engineering— A  Learning  Profession."  Dinner  at  6:30  P.M.  in 
3l4n.  Illini  Union.  Student  Chapter  members  may  obtain  dinner  at  reduced 
prices. 

Electrical    Engineering 

April 

Senior   Banguet.   More   information   to  come   later. 

ME  Freshmen   and   Sophomores      PI   TAU   SIGMA,    ME   Honorary   Engineering   fraternity   is   offering   a   free   tutoring   service.   For   an   appointment 
or  further  information   call   333-0755  or  visit  room    143   MEB. 

30 


TECHNOGRAPH 


WHERE'S  GARRETT? 


EVERYWHERE!  Here  are  a  few  of  the  ways  U.S.  defense  and  space  progress  are  being  helped 
by  Garrett-AiResearch:  //VSP/IC£- Environmental  control  systems;  auxiliary  power  systems;  advanced 
space  power  systems;  research  in  life  sciences.  IN  r//£ />//?- Pressurization  and  air  conditioning 
for  most  of  our  aircraft;  prime  power  for  small  aircraft;  central  air  data  systems;  heat  transfer  equipment 
and  hundreds  of  components.  OA?i/>/VD- Auxiliary  power  systems  for  ground  support  of 
aircraft  and  missiles;  standard  generator  sets;  cryogenic  systems;  ground  support  instrumentation  and  controls. 
ON  THE  SEA  — Aux\\\ary,  pneumatic  and  electrical  power  for  ships;  auxiliary  power  systems 
and  air  conditioning  for  hydrofoil  craft.  UNDER  THE  S£>»-Environmental  systems  for  submarines 
and  deep  diving  research  vehicles;  pressurization  systems,  computers 
and  control  systems  for  submarines  and  underwater  missiles. 

For  further  information  about  many  interesting  project  areas  and  career 
opportunities  at  The  Garrett  Corporation,  write  to  Mr.  G.  D.  Bradley  at 
9851  S.Sepulveda  Blvd.,  Los  Angeles.  Garrett  is  an  equal  opportunity  employer. 

THE   FUTURE  IS  BUILDING  NOIAT  AT 

*  Los  Angeles  •  Phoenix 


MARCH,    1964 


31 


Where 

do  you 

picture 

yourself 

tomorrow? 


Consider  John  Deo  re  where  do  your  interests  lie?  In  research  and 
development?  In  design  and  engineering?  In  the  marketing,  administrative,  or  financial 
aspects  of  industry? 

One  of  the  100  largest  industrial  corporations  in  the  United  States,  John  Deere  is 
the  leading  manufacturer  of  equipment  for  the  nation's  farmers.  John  Deere  also  pro- 
duces tractors  and  equipment  for  the  construction,  logging,  landscaping,  and  material 
handling  fields,  as  well  as  important  chemicals  for  farm  and  home. 

Since  the  Company's  founding  in  1837,  its  history  has  been  one  of  continuous  growth 
—  in  capitalization,  diversification,  and  employment.  Annual  sales  total  more  than  a 
half  billion  dollars;  employment  totals  approximately  35,000. 

John  Deere  has  14  manufacturing  plants,  2  chemical  plants,  and  18  major  sales 
branches  in  the  United  States  and  Canada.  The  Company  also  has  plants  in  Germany, 
France,  Spain,  South  Africa,  Argentina,  and  Mexico.  Sales  branches  and  sales  outlets 
are  strategically  located  throughout  the  free  world. 

John  Deere  has  pioneered  in  personnel  practices  that  encourage  initiative,  creativeness, 
and  individual  growth. 

Consider  all  these  and  the  many  other  advantages  of  a  position  with  John  Deere. 
You  can  learn  about  them  by  writing:  Director,  College  and  University  Relations,  Deere  & 
Coapany,  Moline,  Illinois,  An  Equal-Opportunity  Employer. 


32 


TECHNOGRAPH 


M 


f  ^y^lunina^: 


cJUule    O.    ^cliaf^fer 


Mr.  Schaffer  is  in  charge  of  pur- 
chasing and  traffic  for  Pan  American 
OH  Company,  a  western  subsidiary  of 
Standard  Oil.  A  19-H  graduate,  his 
career  began  as  design  engineer  for 
Standard,  and  has  included  some 
surprisinghj  caried  projects. 

This  is  not  his  first  appearance  be- 
tween Technograph's  covers.  Some  of 
you  still  siuck  in  Rhetoric  200  may 
recall  that  Mr.  Schaffer  was  once  this 
magazine's  Technical  Editor. 

This  time  he  discusses  his  career 
and  offers  some  familiar  but  nonethe- 
less worthwhile  advice.  RB 


The  first  two  projects  assigned  to 
me  as  a  neoph\-te  engineer  in\olved 
structural  steel  design  and  reinforced 
concrete.  That  was  when  I  found  out 
you  couldn't  stop  studying  just  be- 
cause vou  were  out  of  school.  I  had  to 
learn  fast,  with  some  help  and  tutor- 
ing, admittedly,  in  such  things  as  mo- 
ment distribution  which  I  had  hardly 
even  heard  of  up  to  then.  FortunateU'. 
the  structures  didn't  collapse,  and  I 
have  continued  to  work  for  the  same 
company  and  its  subsidiaries. 

Diuing  World  War  II  our  refiner) 
at  \\hiting,  Indiana,  was  the  site  of 
one  phase  of  the  Manhattan  project. 
I  served  as  one  of  the  three  engineers 
assigned  full  time  to  this  part  of  the 


atomic  bomb  development,  finding 
it  fascinating  and  frustrating  tr\ing  to 
deal  with  new  problems  and  materials 
which  had  never  been  dealt  with  be- 
fore. 

Since  I  am  now  in  charge  of  pur- 
chasing and  traffic  for  Pan  American. 
Standard's  exploration  and  producing 
subsidiary  in  Tulsa,  I  shall  have  to 
confess  that  after  some  interesting 
years  in  engineering.  I  have  joined 
fellow  engineers  who  have  wandered 
from  the  path  and  tiu-ned  to  other 
specialized  work  wherein  my  prior 
training  and  experience  is,  nonethe- 
less, of  value.  Dealing  with  the  man\- 
facets  of  administration  and  organiza- 
tion. I  still  had  to  keep  learning.  I 
received  a  lot  of  assistance  in  this 
when  the  Company  sent  me  to  M.I.T.'s 
Senior  Executives*  Program.  Those 
courses  helped  me  fill  in  some  gaps 
of  w hich  administrati\e  jobs  had  made 
me  aware;  I  had  studied  a  lot  at 
lUinois  about  stress  and  strain  on 
metals,  but  not  on  people.  The  director 
of  the  M.I.T.  program  phrased  the 
objecti\e  in  part  "to  humanize  the 
scientist"— a  \ery  important  job. 

Like  any  red-blooded  American 
alumnus,  I  cannot  resist  the  oppor- 
tunity- to  generaUze  from  my  expe- 
rience in  giNing  advice  to  present-day 
students.  I  would  suggest  that  the 
engineering  student  should  tr\'  to  set 
his  sights  and  curriculum  on  as  broad 
a  basis  as  possible,  taking  as  many 
electives  as  he  can  outside  his  direct 


field  in  business  and  social  sciences 
and  humanities.  The  top  executive  of 
a  major  oil  company  recently  re- 
marked that  the  number  of  profes- 
sional and  managerial  people  in  his 
organization  had  increased  thirt\-  per- 
cent in  the  last  decade,  and  that 
fort>-fi\ e  percent  of  these  were  origi- 
nalK-  trained  in  one  of  the  engineering 
disciplines.  These  people  need  some 
acquaintance  with  fields  such  as  busi- 
ness administration,  economics,  ac- 
counting, etc.  This,  to  me,  emphasizes 
the  need  for  the  student  to  receive  a 
trul\-  liberal  education.  In  the  eloquent 
words  of  John  Henry  Cardinal  New- 
man taken  from  "The  Idea  of  a  Uni- 
versit}-,"  ".\  liberal  education  is  the 
education  which  gives  a  man  a  clear, 
conscious  \iew  of  his  own  opinions 
and  judgments,  a  truth  in  developing 
them,  an  eloquence  in  expressing 
them,  and  a  force  in  urging  them.  It 
teaches  him  to  see  things  as  they  are, 
to  go  right  to  the  point,  to  disentangle 
a  skein  of  thought,  to  detect  what  is 
sophistical,  and  to  discard  what  is 
irrelevant.  It  prepares  him  to  fill  any 
post  with  credit,  and  to  master  an\- 
subject  with  facilib.." 


MARCH,    1964 


33 


THESE  GRADUATES  THRIVE  ON  CREATIVE  CHALLENGES... THEY'E^ 


MANUFACTURING  ENGINEERING 

R.  A.  Busby 

University  of  Michigan  — BSME— 1952 


DEVELOPMENT  ENGINEERING 

R.  P.  Potter 

University  of  lllinois-BSME-1959 


PROJECT  MANAGEMENT 

V.  H.  SImson 

Iowa  State  University-BSEE-1948 


There's  an  exciting  challenge  ahead  for  yd 


K.  M.  Nelson,  Manager- 
Industrial  Control  Sales,  discusses  the  functioning  of 

Cutler-Hammer's  automation  teams,  and  how 
creative  graduates  contribute  to  pioneering  developments. 


34 


For  over  sixty  years  Cutler 
Hammer  has  been  a  key  con-i 
tributor  in  planning  automatic 
systems — now  called  automation. 

To  meet  the  pressing  challenge  ofc 
rapidly  expanding  industrial  auto-' 
mation,  we  have  formed  a  number  ofi 
automation  project  teams.  These 
teams  combine  the  technical  andt 
manufacturing  talents  of  versatile,: 
seasoned  specialists  and  young,  crea-i 
tive-minded  engineering  and  business; 
administration  graduates. 

Their  primary  job:  to  make  sure  that 
a  customer's  automation  investment! 
pays  an  adequate  return. 

How  do  they  meet  this  challenge? 
By  working  with  customer  engineers 
and  consultants  to  isolate  cost  prob- 
lems in  manufacturing  and  ware- 
housing operations.  Then,  by  apply- 
ing their  individual  disciplines  and( 
creative  ingenuity  to  build  common-i! 


TECHNOGRAPH 


f 

UTOMATION  PROBLEM  SOLVERS 

^m^^.  ^« !  !  :.-^ 5^-  r      ,;  ;i!ia      • 

CONTROL  ENGINEERING 

B.  0.  Rae 

University  of  Wisconsin  — BSEE— 1957 


SALES  ENGINEERING 

J.  B.  Hewitt 

University  of  Colorado-BSME-1957 


ANALYTICAL  ACCOUNTING 

D.  R.  King 

University  of  Wisconsin  — BBA— 1957 


)o,on  a  Cutler-Hammer  automation  team 


sense  automation  proposals  that  can 
be  justified  economically. 

Automation  teams  work  together  in 
a  modern  500,000  square  foot  plant 
specifically  designed  to  house  every 
activity  involved  in  the  evolution  of 
a  system  ...  in  a  creative  climate 
that  is  conducive  to  imaginative 
planning  and  development. 

This  approach  has  paid  off!  Though 
industry  has  barely  scratched  the  sur- 
face of  the  automation  potential,  our 
credentials  already  are  quite  impres- 
sive. Jobs  such  as  the  U.S.  Post  Office 
I  mail  handling  systems  in  14  major 
cities;  a  pallet  handling  system  for  a 
mail-order  firm;  data  accumulation 
systems  for  large  steel  producers;  a 
number  of  automobile  body-line 
systems;  bundle-handling  systems  for 
30  major  newspaper  mail  rooms;  and 
a  package-handling  system  for  a 
prominent  publisher  are  just  a  few 


examples  of  our  automation  planning 
skill  at  work. 

What  are  the  advantages  to  the 
young,  creative-minded  graduate? 
Short  range,  it's  an  exceptional  op- 
portunity for  the  man  who  responds 
to  the  challenge  of  finding  new  solu- 
tions to  tough  manufacturing  prob- 
lems. Long  range,  being  a  key 
member  of  a  Cutler-Hammer  auto- 
mation team  is  an  excellent  way  to 
get  the  diversified  experience  so 
essential  to  steady  career  develop- 
ment and  future  advancement. 


WHAT'S  NEW?  ASK. 


Want  to  know  more?  Write 
today  to  T.  B.  Jochem, 
Cutler-Hammer,  Milwaukee, 
Wisconsin  for  complete  infor- 
mation. And,  plan  to  meet 
with  our  representative  when 
he  visits  your  campus. 


CUTLER-HAMMER 
AN  EQUAL  OPPORTUNITY  EMPLOYER 


CUTLER-HAMMER 


MARCH,    1964 


35 


STUDENT 

RATINGS 


by  H.  L.  WAKELAND,  Assistant  Dean  of  the  College  of  Engineering 


A  little  over  a  year  ago,  I  wrote 
briefly  in  the  Technograph  (October, 
1962  issue)  about  the  personal  ratings 
made  on  engineering  students  by  staff 
members.  This  brief  article  brought 
a  number  of  comments  from  students 
indicating  that  they  viewed  the  prac- 
tice with  different  emotions— surprise 
—suspicion— approval— and  from  a 
few,  a  feeling  that  their  personal 
rights  were  being  trifled  with. 

However,  the  most  alarming  fact 
apparently  was  that  engineering  un- 
dergraduates simply  did  not  realize 
this  procedure  existed.  At  the  expense 
of  risking  some  repetition,  it  seems 
wise  to  revie\\'  the  procedure  since 
the  College  never  intended  it  to  be 
conducted  in  secret  or  to  be  sur- 
rounded by  suspicion.  In  addition, 
forewarned  could  be  considered  as 
forearmed. 

Each  year  the  staff  members  in  the 
College  of  Engineering  are  requested 
to  submit  personal  rating  on  each  of 
the  upper  class  undergraduates  they 
have  in  classes.  Specifically,  the  rat- 
ings include  a  ranking  on  each  of  the 
following  traits  and  any  other  perti- 
nent comments. 


personality 
judgment 
industry 
initiative 


cooperation 
appearance 
self-control 
leadership 


The  ratings  are  made  on  an  A,  B, 
C,  D,  E  scale  and  a  composite  of  all 
the  ratings  given  by  various  instruc- 
tors are  combined  to  provide  an  aver- 
age rating.  The  results  become  a  part 
of  the  student's  college  record  in  the 
Associate  Dean's  Office  and  are  on 
file  in  the  Placement  Office  but  are 
not  recorded  on  transcripts  or  any 
other  official  University  records.  They 
are  generally  available  to  prospective 
employers  but  are  not  otherwise  avail- 
able. The  student,  of  course,  may  see 
the  composite  ratings  at  any  time. 


Some  students  feel  that  the  College 
has  no  right  to  perform  this  function 
as  personal  characteristics  are  not  an 
outgrowth  of  the  training  they  have 
received  in  the  classroom.  It  is  true 
that  personal  characteristics  are  af- 
fected more  by  a  person's  childhood 
environment,  housing  conditions,  re- 
ligious beliefs  and  student  activities 
rather  than  by  classroom  activities, 
but  this  doesn't  abrogate  the  school's 
responsibility  to  witness  and  record 
the  student's  attitude  and  personal 
habits. 

The  greatest  single  reason  for  per- 
sons being  fired  from  their  jobs  is 
the  lack  of  personal  traits  or  charac- 
teristics as  opposed  to  lack  of  physical 
or  mental  ability.  If  you  cannot  work 
harmoniously  with  others— if  you  can 
not  cooperate  effecti\'ely— if  you  faU 
to  use  judgment— if  you  lack  initiative 
or  perseverance— whatever  mental 
capability  you  may  have  could  be 
useless  to  your  employer. 

The  College  of  Engineering  is  not 
interested  in  producing  "educated 
knuckleheads,"  persons  who  have  the 
sole  ability  of  manipulating  facts  and 
figures  without  regard  to  sociological 
or  economic  consequences.  Rather  we 
strive  to  produce  a  wholly  educated 
person,  though  we  are  the  first  to 
realize  that  time  and  facilities  do  not 
allow  us  to  fully  obtain  this  goal.  The 
engineer's  literary  skills  are  as  im- 
portant as  the  mechanism  he  may  de- 
sign and  his  personal  characteristics 
as  important  as  his  mental  capabili- 
ties. 

Though  we  do  not  specifically  at- 
tempt to  mold  a  student's  personal 
characteristics,  they  are  changed  con- 
siderably tlirough  day  to  day  class 
work  and  campus  living.  If  an  ac- 
curate method  could  be  found  to 
measure  the  effect  a  student's  desir- 
able traits  have  on  his  college  grades. 


I  suspect  the  correlation  would  be 
rather  high.  Your  appearance  and 
manner  in  class  each  day  cannot  help 
but  be  subconsciously  recorded  in 
your  instructor's  grade  book. 

In  short,  a  person  having  desirable 
personal  characteristics  will  be  more 
successful  as  a  professional  engineer 
than  another  person  having  equal 
ability  but  lacking  personal  qualities. 
It  is  then  natural  that  any  prospective 
employer  considers  a  judgment  of  a 
student's  personal  characteristics  to 
be  as  important  as  his  academic  rec- 
ord. 

The  College  considers  the  personal 
rating  system  to  be  a  service  to  the 
students  rather  than  to  the  prospec- 
tive employer.  If  an  employer  asks  for 
such  information,  he  receives  a  posi- 
tive and  immediate  reply  which  is  far 
better  than  a  reply  of  "I  don't  know." 
If  the  employer  can  contact  each  of 
the  instructors  you  had  in  class  he 
would  receive  the  same  information, 
but  this  is  sometimes  impossible.  Two 
or  three  years  after  you  leave  school, 
several  of  the  instructors  you  have 
had  will  no  longer  be  staff  members. 
In  addition,  such  exhaustive  efforts 
become  very  frustrating  and  time  con- 
suming to  the  employer  and  could 
actually  be  detrimental  to  you  if  he 
can  readily  obtain  the  information  on 
several  graduates  from  other  schools 
whose  applications  he  is  considering 
along  with  yours. 

If  a  student  has  a  personal  weak- 
ness, it  is  far  better  for  the  emplo>er 
to  know  in  advance  for  the  benefit  of 
both  concerned.  Efforts  can  be  made 
to  either  strengthen  the  area  of  weak- 
ness or  employ  the  student  in  an  area 
where  the  weakness  may  not  be  criti- 
cal. Remember,  in  view  of  the  fact 
that  you  probably  will  not  earn  your 
own  way  for  three  to  five  years,  the 
employer  is  as  interested  in  your  pro- 
gress and  retention  as  you  are.    ♦  ♦  ♦ 


36 


TECHNOGRAPH 


■  L.  D.  Shotts,  BSME  Univer- 
sity of  Illinois,  1963,  inspects 
wear  patterns  on  a  herringbone 
gear  after  dynamometer  test- 
ing. This  gear  is  part  of  a  new 
reduction  gear  assembly  being 
developed  for  advanced  ver- 
sions of  the  Allison  T56  turbo- 
prop. 


iffpiir 


OPPORTUNITY 

IS  YOURS 
AT  ALLISON 


■  For  L.  D.  Shotts,  the  move  from  the  University  of 
Illinois  was  a  natural.  L.  D.  had  learned  of  the  work 
Allison  is  doing  in  advanced  turbine  engine  develop- 
ment. Particularly,  he  was  impressed  with  Allison's  as- 
signment to  develop  the  T78  regenerative  turboprop 
engine. 

The  T78 — selected  by  the  Navy  for  anti-submarine 
aircraft — utilizes  turbine  exhaust  heat  to  raise  the  tem- 
perature of  compressor  discharge  air,  resulting  in  in- 
creased fuel  economy  for  extended  long-range  and  on 
station  aircraft  capability. 

Air-cooled  turbine  blades,  another  Allison  achieve- 
ment, mark  a  significant  advance  in  turbine  engine 
state  of  the  art.  And,  the  workhorse  of  turboprops,  the 
Allison  T56,  continues  to  set  new  standards  as  our 


1^ 


engineers  find  additional  means  of  improving  perform- 
ance and  reliabihty. 

In  addition  to  leadership  in  the  turboprop  area, 
Allison  also  is  making  great  strides  in  the  development 
of  nuclear  energy  conversion  projects,  including  a  com- 
pact, mobile  nuclear  reactor  and  an  energy  depot  con- 
cept which  will  permit  manufacturing  of  fuel  "on  the 
spot"  for  military  field  units. 

\X'ell-qualified,  young  engineers  will  find  unlimited 
opportunities  in  the  long-range,  diversified  energy  con- 
version programs  at  Allison.  Talk  to  our  representative 
when  he  visits  your  campus.  Let  him  tell  you  what  it's 
like  in  the  creative  environment  at  Allison  where  En- 
ergy Conversion  Is  Our  Business. 

An  equal  opportunity  employer 


THE    ENERGY    CONVERSION    DIVISION    OF 
GENERAL  MOTORS,   INDIANAPOLIS,   INDIANA 


m 


MARCH,    1964 


37 


THE 

FACULTY 

Recently  elected  president  of  the 
VVenner-Gren  Foundation  for  Anthro- 
pological Research  is  Professor  Heinz 
von  Foerster,  widely-known  for  his 
work  in  electronics  and  cvbernetics. 


The  foundation,  established  in  1941 
by  the  late  Axel  L.  Wenner-Gren, 
Swedish  industrialist  and  philanthro- 
pist, supports  research  in  all  branches 
of  anthropology  and  is  noted  for  its 
interdisciplinary  approach  to  the 
sciences  of  man.  One  of  its  grants 
which  has  had  world-wide  impact 
was  for  development  of  radio-carbon 
dating  for  archeology. 

Von  Foerster  was  born  in  1911  in 
Vienna,  Austria,  studied  philosophy 
and  experimental  physics  in  Vienna, 
Berlin  and  Breslau,  and  worked  with 
industrial  research  laboratories  in 
Cologne,  Berlin  and  Liegnitz.  He 
came  to  the  University  of  Illinois  in 
1949. 

As  professor  of  electrical  engineer- 
ing he  directed  the  Electron  Tube 
Research  Laboratory  and  in  1957 
established  the  Biological  Computer 
Laboratory  where  he  directs  research 
on  problems  of  artificial  intelligence, 
automat  theory,  mathematical  biology, 
sensory  prostheses  for  deaf  and  blind, 
and  systems  with  mind-like  behavior. 

His  recent  publications  deal  with 
homeostasis,  self-organizing  systems, 
structure  and  function  of  nerve  nets, 
and  dvnamics  of  cellular  and  human 


populations. 

Since  1962  he  has  been  a  professor 
in  both  the  department  of  electrical 
engineering  and  the  department  of 
physiology  and  biophysics. 

He  is  consultant  to  National  Insti- 
tutes of  Health,  Brookhaven  National 
Laboratory,  U.  S.  Air  Force  Office  of 
Scientific  Research,  and  .\ero-Medical 
Research  Division  of  Wright  Patter- 
son Air  Force  Base. 

A  rocky  gorge,  accessible  only  by 
native  dugout  canoes,  has  been  chosen 
as  the  site  of  a  400  ft.  high  irrigation 
and  power  dam  to  be  built  on  the 
island  of  Panay  in  the  Philippines. 
Dr.  Don  U.  Deere,  professor  of  civil 
engineering  and  of  geology,  and  Dr. 
Ralph  B.  Peck,  professor  of  foundation 
engineering,  are  consultants  on  the 
project,  which  will  permit  two  annual 
rice  crops  instead  of  one  in  a  very 
fertile  area. 

At  the  33rd  annual  meeting  of  the 
.\merican  Association  of  Physics 
Teachers,  the  Distinguished  Service 
Citation  was  conferred  on  Professor 
Robert  Huisizer,  department  of  phys- 
ics. 


The  citation  given  Professor  Hui- 
sizer, who  has  been  at  Illinois  since 
1947,  praised  him  as  "stimulating 
teacher,  gifted  researcher,  competent 
physicist,  and  capable  leader."  Spe- 
cific accomplishments  included  in  the 
citation  were,  among  others,  his  de- 
velopment   of    physics    curricula    for 


students  in  the  liberal  arts  college,  his 
service  in  the  development  of  a 
teachers  guide  and  an  outstanding 
film  on  the  Rutherford  atom,  his  role 
in  the  development  of  the  physics  part 
of  the  Graduate  Record  Examination, 
and  his  contributions  to  conferences 
concerned  with  the  improvement  of 
physics  teaching. 

For  the  third  \'ear  in  a  row  the 
.American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers 
has  recognized  the  University  of  Illi- 
nois Civil  Engineering  Department 
with  multiple  awards  for  its  research 
work.  Research  Prizes  have  been 
awarded  to  Dr.  Mete  A.  Sozen,  pro- 
fessor, and  Dr.  Houssani  M.  Karara, 
associate  professor. 

Dr.  Sozen,  on  the  civil  engineering 
faculty  since  1953,  was  awarded  the 
Research  Prize  in  recognition  of  "an 
outstanding  contribution  to  the  knowl- 
edge of  the  strength  and  behavior  of 
prestressed  concrete  members." 

Dr.  Karara  was  recommended  for 
a  Research  Prize  in  recognition  of  "an 
outstanding  contribution  to  the  knowl- 
edge of  aerotriangulation  and  photo- 
grammetric  engineering." 

Both  Sozen  and  Karara  received  A. 
Epstein  Memorial  Awards  for  faculty 
achievement  in  1961. 

Dr.  Bernard  I.  Spinrad,  senior  phys- 
icist in  the  reactor  physics  division  of 
Argonne  National  Laboratory,  is  serv- 
ing as  a  visiting  professor  of  nuclear 
engineering  this  semester.  He  will 
teach  a  course  in  nuclear  space  pro- 
pulsion, advise  students  on  thesis 
topics,  and  work  with  the  staff  on 
program  development  in  thermonu- 
clear and  nuclear  space  areas. 

His  reputation  is  international.  He 
is  chairman  of  the  European-Ameri- 
can Committee  on  Reactor  Physics, 
and  in  1955  and  1958  was  consultant 
to  the  United  States  delegations  at  the 
Geneva  conferences  on  peaceful  use 
of  atomic  energ\-. 

The  world's  largest  betatron  "atom 
smasher,"  340  million-electron-volts, 
went  into  operation  in  1950  on  the 
Lhiiversity  of  Illinois  engineering 
campus.  With  this  betatron  flaws 
l/16th  of  an  inch  deep  and  as  narrow 
as  5/1000-inch  can  be  seen  in  metal 
twentv  inches  thick. 


38 


TECHNOGRAPH 


ENGINEERS 
SCIEIMTISTS 


Career  mobility,  based  on  the  ability  to 
develop  in  the  direction  of  your  best 
talent  or  interests,  is  made  possible 
for  you  at  Sylvania  Electronic  Systems. 

You  will  actively  contribute  to  advanced  work 
spanning  disciplines  and  areas  such  as  earth/space 
communications;  electronic  reconnaissance,  detec- 
tion, countermeasures;  radar;  information  handling; 
aerospace;  and  complex  systems  for  military  com- 
mand and  control. 

Nineteen  interrelated  research  and  advanced  de- 
velopment laboratories  throughout  the  country,  as 


well  as  sites  around  the  world,  provide 
an  environment  permitting  planned 
growth  —  personally  and  professionally. 
Three  parallel  paths  of  advancement 
opportunity  to  progress  as  a  technical 
technical  specialist  or  program/project 
manager  —  all  with  equal  rewards. 

Sylvania  Electronic  Systems  is  a  major  division 
of  Sylvania  Electric  Products  Inc.,  supported  by  the 
impressive  technical  and  financial  resources  of  the 
parent  company.  General  Telephone  &  Electronics 
Corporation. 


S^LXANIA  ELECTRONIC  SYSTEMS 

(lovcrnmciit  Systems  Managcmtnt  X^S^I 

J,„  GENERAL  TELEPHONE  &  ELECTRONICS^ 


For  further  information  see  your  college  placement  officer  or  write  to  Mr.  Robert  T.  Morton 

40  SYLVAN  ROAD-WALTHAM  54,  MASSACHUSETTS 

An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


MARCH,    1964 


39 


iWHWMIiPI 


KORAD 


'  High  Efficiency  LASERS  without 

cryogenic  cooling 
'  High  Power  LASER§^ver  500 

megawatts  -  *    **  »* 

'  Fluid  co^ed^v^^Ef?'-  f     Higii 

Repetiti(%g6fr 

i  I  A<;FR  TraQSI    tt      o 

'  i^    t  1  igefinders 

1  I     lectors 

t'    '-  ^  I     L  J   t  Sources 

LASER  Controls  and  Power  Supplies 
'  LASER  System  Engineering 
Write  for  InformaTion  and  specifications 


O 


To  the  Editor: 

After  reading  the  article  in  the 
February  issue  on  tlie  history  of  Tal- 
bot Laboratory  and  materials  research 
at  the  U  of  I,  a  question  occurred  to 
me. 

^Vith  over  20  engineering  buildings 
north  of  Green  Street,  why  is  only 
one— Talbot  Laboratory— named  after 
a  noted  U  of  I  engineering  faculty 
member?  Is  it  because  we  do  not  have 
or  have  not  had  any  other  faculty 
members  worthy  of  this  honor? 

Are  honorable  names  reserved  for 
buildings  south  of  Green?  The  names 
Lincoln  Hall,  Gregory  Hall,  David 
Kinley  Hall,  BevierHall,  Altgeld  Hall, 
Burriil  Hall,  Smith  Music  Hall,  Mum- 
ford  Hall,  and  even  McKinley  Hos- 
pital give  the  campus  a  distinctly 
personal  atmosphere. 

I  believe  the  engineering  college 
has  had  many  notable  faculty  mem- 
bers worthy  of  such  a  distinction.  As 
new  engineering  buildings  such  as 
physics  and  civil  engineering  go  up, 
why  not  consider  naming  them  for 
men  such  as  Bardeen,  Seitz,  and  New- 
mark? 

Harry  Gaertner 

We  agree  with  your  suggestion  to 
consider  noted  facidtij  members  as 
possible  names  for  our  neiv  engineer- 
ing buddings.  Certainly  Bardeen  or 
Scitz  Hall  has  more  asthetic  appcid 
than  Plujsics  Building.  In  reference  to 
south  of  Green,  however,  it  must  be 
recognized  that  many  of  their  build- 
ings were  named  after  noted  people 
other  than  faculty  members.  Perhaps 
that  would  also  be  another  considera- 
tion. Ed. 


To  the  Editor: 

The  suggestion  put  forth  in  last 
month's  editorial  (Who's  Up  Front) 
is  a  terrific  idea!  For  a  long  time 
undergraduate  engineers  at  the  U  of 


I  have  needed  an  authentic  way  to 
find  out  about  their  faculty's  achieve- 
ments and  background. 

I  never  really  thought  about  the 
problem  until  I  was  intei-viewing  for 
a  job  last  week.  (I'll  graduate  in  CE 
this  June.)  I  was  delighted  when  one 
of  my  interviewers  mentioned  several 
top  faculty  members  in  the  CE  De- 
partment—men I  had  had  as  instruc- 
tors. Unfortunately,  I  felt  like  a  moron 
when  I  suddenly  realized  that  I  didn't 
know  these  men  had  participated  and 
were  still  actively  participating  in  a 
number  of  the  nation's  top  construc- 
tion and  research  projects.  The  inter- 
viewer mentioned  several  projects 
which  I  had  never  once  heard  my 
instructors  or  anyone  else  mention  in 
connection  with  the  U  of  I. 

It  is,  of  course,  too  late  to  improve 
my  attitude  toward  my  instructors, 
yet  I  can  easily  imagine  the  increased 
enthusiasm  I  would  have  had  toward 
my  courses  had  I  only  realized  the 
significance  of  my  instructor's  train- 
ing, background,  and  prominence  in 
their  field.  It  would  be  nice  if  other 
undergraduates  could  capture  this 
enthusiasm  early  in  their  college 
career. 

Richard  Barton 


Technograph 
Needs 
YOU 

•  Editorial 
•  Production 
•  Business 
•  Circulation 

For  More  Information 

Stop  in  Room  48  EEB 

or  Phone  333-1568 


40 


TECHNOGRAPH 


WE   MAKE   INDUSTRIAL    ENGINEERS   SNA^EAT 


Might  as  well  scare  off  the  ones  who  wouldn't  hke  it. 
Some  of  the  unscared  will  in  a  few  years  be  referred  to  as 
"they"  when  people  say,  "At  Eastman  Kodak,  they  can 
afford  to  do  it  this  way—" 

The  reason  we  can  afford  to  do  things  the  best  way  is 
that  we  are  successful.  The  success  can  be  attributed  in  part 
to  a  fear  worth  fearing:  of  failing  to  deliver  the  best  possible 
performance  that  the  customer's  hard-won  dollar  can  buy. 

Sheer  devotion  on  the  part  of  the  work  force,  though 
beautiful  to  see,  will  not  of  itself  deliver  the  goods.  Some- 
body must  first  come  up  with  a  sensible  answer  to  the 
question,  "Exactly  what  is  it  you  want  me  to  do,  mister'.'" 

Thus  a  young  industrial  engineer  may  find  himself  acting 
as  his  own  first  subject  in  a  study  he  has  set  up  to  find  the 
physical  and  ps;ychological  conditions  that  best  favor  alert- 


ness against  film  emulsion  defects.  If  he  saw  the  need,  sold  his 
bo.ss  on  his  approach,  and  has  earned  the  approbation  alike 
of  the  pretty  psychologist  who  will  be  running  the  experi- 
ment, the  industrial  physicians  (who  study  what  is  humanly 
possible,  feasible,  and  healthful  muscularly  and  percep- 
tually), the  cold-eyed  man  from  the  comptroller's  office,  the 
Testing  Division  chief  (who  has  dedicated  his  division  to 
the  descent  of  an  asymptote),  and  the  inspectors  (who  will 
find  a  month  after  switching  to  the  new  method  that  at 
home  they  are  shouting  at  their  kids  less  often)— then  we 
know  ways  to  make  him  glad  he  chose  to  learn  the  profes- 
sion of  industrial  engineering  at  the  company  which  the 
leaders  of  the  profession  often  cite  as  its  ideal  home. 

Naturally,  industrial  engineers  aren't  the  only  technical 
people  we  seek.  Not  by  a  long  shot. 


EASTMAN  KODAK  COMPANY, 

Business  and  Technical  Personnel  Department,  Rochester,  N.  Y.  146.50 
An  equal-opportunity  employer  ottering  a  choice  of  three  communities; 

Rochester,  N.  Y.,  Kingsport,  Tenn.,  and  Longview,  Tex. 


Kodak 


Define  Your  Career  Objectives! 


An  interview  with  W.  Scott  Hill,  Manager— Engineering  Recruiting,  General  Electric  Co. 


W.  Scott  Hill 


Q.  Mr.  Hill,  v;hen  is  the  best  time  to 
begin  making  decisions  on  my  career 
objectives? 

A.  Wlien  you  selected  a  teclinical 
discipline,  you  made  one  of  your 
important  career  decisions.  This  de- 
fined the  general  area  in  which  you 
will  probably  begin  your  professional 
work,  whether  in  a  job  or  through 
further  study  at  the  graduate  level. 


Q.  Can  you  suggest  some  factors  that 
might   influence    my  career   choice? 

A.  By  the  time  you  have  reached 
your  senior  year  in  college,  you  know 
certain  things  about  yourself  that 
are  going  to  be  important.  If  you 
have  a  strong  technical  orientation 
and  like  problem  solving,  there  are 
many  good  engineering  career 
choices  in  all  functions  of  industry: 
design  and  development;  manufac- 
turing and  technical  marketing.  If 
you  enjoy  exploring  theoretical  con- 
cepts, perhaps  research— on  one  of 
the  many  levels  to  be  found  in  in- 
dustry— is  a  career  choice  to  con- 
sider. And  don't  think  any  one  area 


offers  a  great  deal  more  opportunity 
for  your  talent  than  another.  They  all 
need  top  creative  engineering  skill 
and  the  ability  to  deal  successfully 
with   people. 


Q.  After  I've  evaluated  my  own  abil- 
ities, how  do  I  judge  realistically 
what  I  can  do  with  them? 

A.  I'm  sure  you're  already  getting 
all  the  information  you  can  on  ca- 
reer fields  related  to  your  discipline. 
Don't  overlook  your  family,  friends 
and  acquaintances,  especially  re- 
cent graduates,  as  sources  of  informa- 
tion. Have  you  made  full  use  of  your 
faculty  and  placement  office  for 
advice?  Information  is  available  in 
the  technical  journals  and  society 
publications.  Read  them  to  see  what 
firms  are  contributing  to  advance- 
ment in  your  field,  and  how.  Review 
the  files  in  your  placement  office 
for  company  literature.  This  can  tell 
you  a  great  deal  about  openings  and 
programs,  career  areas  and  company 
organization. 


Q.  Can  you  suggest  what  criteria  I 
can  apply  in  relating  this  information 
to  my  own  career  prospects? 

A.  In  appraising  opportunities,  apply 
criteria  important  to  you.  Is  location 
important?    What    level    of    income 


would  you  like  to  attain?  What  is  the 
scope  of  opportunity  of  the  firm 
you'll  select?  Should  you  trade  off 
starting  salary  against  long-term 
potential?  These  are  things  you  must 
decide  for  yourself. 


Q.  Can  companies  like  General  Elec- 
tric assure  me  of  a  correct  career 
choice? 

A.  It  costs  industry  a  great  deal  of 
money  to  hire  a  young  engineer  and 
start  him  on  a  career  path.  So,  very 
selfishly,  we'll  be  doing  everything 
possible  to  be  sure  at  the  beginning 
that  the  choice  is  right  for  you.  But 
a  bad  mistake  can  cost  you  even 
more  in  lost  time  and  income.  Gen- 
eral Electric's  concept  of  Person- 
alized Career  Planning  is  to  recog- 
nize that  your  decisions  will  be 
largely  determined  by  your  individ- 
ual abilities,  inclinations,  and  am- 
bitions. This  Company's  unusual  di- 
versity offers  you  great  flexibility 
in  deciding  where  you  want  to  start, 
how  you  want  to  start  and  what  you 
want  to  accomplish.  You  will  be  en- 
couraged to  develop  to  the  fullest 
extent  of  your  capability— to  achieve 
your  career  objectives,  or  revise 
them  as  your  abilities  are  more  fully 
revealed  to  you.  Make  sure  you  set 
your  goals  realistically.  But  be  sure 
you   don't   set   your   sights   too    low. 


FOR  MORE  INFORMATION  on  G.E.'s  concept  of  Personalized  Career  Planning,  and  for 
material  that  will  help  you  define  your  opportunity  at  General  Electric,  write  Mr.  Hill  at 
this  address:  General  Electric  Co.,  Section  699-10,  Schenectady,  N.  Y.  12305. 

GENERAL^ELECTRIC 

An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer 


V.T9 

no.  T  L 


cJdZ^.^ue.^ 


HNOORAPH 


PRIL 


VOLUME  79      NUMBER  7 


25  CEXTS 


APR  24  1964 


Polaris  missiles  are  fired  by  Westinghouse  launching  systems 


Polaris  subs  are  powered  by  Westinghouse-designed  atomic  reactors 


Twenty  Polaris  submarines  have  gone  to 
sea.  Each  carries  16  Polaris  missiles.  They 
give  the  U.S.  a  deterrent  force  that  no 
enemy  can  hope  to  strike  out  of  action. 

These  subs  can  travel  to  any  ocean  in  the 
world  and  stay   hidden   under  water  for 


months,  because  they  are  nuclear  powered. 
Their  atomic  reactors  were  developed 
and  designed  by  Westinghouse,  under  the 
direction  of  and  in  technical  cooperation 
with  the  Naval  Reactors  Branch  of  the 
Atomic  Energy  Commission. 


The  subs  can  fire  their  Polaris  missiles 
from  far  below  the  surface.  A  remarkable 
deep-water  missile  launching  system,  de- 
veloped and  built  by  Westinghouse.  makes 
this  possible. 


You  can  be  sure  if  It's  Westinghouse 


Is  it  news  that  a  leading  maker  of 
spacecraft  a  leys  had  a  hand  in  dolling 
up  Mildred  Kinne's  potting  shed? 


It  isn't  really  surprising  that  a  single  U.S.  corporation  pro- 
vided the  metal  for  the  outer  skin  of  Mercury  space  capsules. 
It's  perfectly  natural  to  be  called  in  on  that  kind  of  a  job  when 
you  lead  the  nation  in  developing  a  line  of  alloys  that  resist 
extreme  heat,  wear  and  corrosion. 

You'd  also  expect  that  a  leading  producer  of  petrochemi- 
cals could  develop  a  new  base  for  latex  paint— called  "Ucar" 
latex— since  paint  makers  are  among  its  biggest  customers. 
Now  Mildred  Kinne  can  paint  right  over  a  chalky  surface  with- 
out priming.  It's  dry  in  minutes.  And  her  potting  shed  will  look 
like  new  for  many  New  England  summers  and  winters. 

But  it  might  indeed  be  surprising  if  both  these  skills 
were  possessed  by  the  same  company.  Unless  that 
company  were  Union  Carbide. 


Union  Carbide  also  leads  in  the  production  of  polyethylene, 
and  makes  plastics  for  packaging,  housewares,  and  floor  cov- 
erings. It  liquefies  gases,  including  oxygen  and  hydrogen  that 
will  power  rockets  to  the  moon.  In  carbon  products,  it  has  been 
called  on  for  the  largest  graphite  shapes  ever  made.  It  is  the 
largest  producer  of  dry-cell  batteries,  marketed  to  millions 
under  the  trade  mark  "Eveready."  And  it  is  involved  in  more 
atomic  energy  activities  than  any  other  private  enterprise. 

In  fact,  few  other  corporations  are  so  deeply  involved 
in  so  many  different  skills  and  activities  that  will  affect  the 

technical  and  production  capabilities  of  our  next 

century. 

It's  already  making  things  a  great  deal  easier  for 

Mildred  Kinne. 

10017.   IN  CANADA:  UNION  CARBIDE  CANADA  LIMITED,  TORONTO 
nde.  Metols,  Nuclear,  Olefins,  Ore,  Ploilics,  Silicones,  Stelllte  and  Visking 


APRIL,    1964 


Editor-in-Chief 

Wayne  W.  Crouch 

Assistant  to  the  Editor 

Stuart  Umpleby 

Editorial  Staff 

Rudy  Berg 
Rebecca  Bryar 
Gary  Daymen 
Tom  Grantham 
Lester  Holland 
Roger  Jolmson 
Richard  Langrehr 
Jay  Lipke 
Bill  Lueck 
Hank  Magnuski 
Wayne  Peterson 
Mike  Quinn 

Production  StafF 

Pat  Martin,  Manager 
Bob  Markey 

Business  StafF 

Scott   Weaver,    Manager 
Phil  Johnson 
Jerry  Ozanne 


Circulation  StafF 

Larry  Campbell,   Manager 
Paul  Rimington 
Joe  Stocks 
John  Welch 


Photo  StafF 

Tony  Burba,  Manager 
Don  BisseU 
Dave  McClure 
Bob  Seyler 


Secretary 

Linda  Ewert 

Advisors 

Robert  Bohl 
Paul  Bryant 
Alan  Kingery 
Edwin  McClintock 


THE  ILLINOIS 

TECHNOGRAPH 


Volume  79;  Number  7 


April,  1964 


Table  of  Contents 

ARTICLES 

PETE Hank  Magnuski  5 

U  of  I  Foundry  Opportunity Dick  Free  6 

Combined  Engineering  LAS  Program Bob  Phelps  9 

The  Knights  of  St.  Pat 12 

A  Professional  Lifetime  (Special) Mr.  David  Reyes-Guerre  14 

Material  Research  Laboratory Wayne  Peterson  16 

Engineering  Open  House  Exhibits  Contest  Winners 17 

Bubbles,  Bubbles,  Toil,  and  Troubles Richard   Langrehr  18 

FEATURES 

Technocutie photos  by  Bob  Seyler  1  5 

Brickbats  and  Bouquets    24 


MEMBERS  OF  ENGINEERING 

COLLEGE  MAGAZINES  ASSOCIATED 

Chairman:  J.  Gale  Chumley 

Louisiana  Polytechnic  Institute 

Ruston.  Louisiana 

Copyright,  1964,  by  the  Illini  Publishing 
Company.  Published  eight  times  during  the 
year  (October,  November.  December,  Janu- 
ary, February,  March,  April  and  May). 
Entered  as  second  class  matter,  October  30, 
1920,  at  the  post  office  at  Urbana,  Illinois, 
under  the  Act  of  March  3.  1879.  Office  48 
Electrical  Engineering  Building,  Urbana, 
Illinois.  Subscriptions  $2.00  per  year.  Single 
copy  25  cents.  All  rights  reserved  by  the 
Illinois  Technograph.  Publisher's  Represen- 
tative— Littell-Murray-Barnhill,  Inc.,  737 
North  Michigan  Ave..  Chicago  11,  111..  369 
Lexington  Ave.,  New  York  17,  New  York. 


COVER:  Nuclear  particle  paths  in  a  bubble  cham- 
ber. Design  by  Bob  Markey,  sophomore 
in  General  Engineering. 


TECHNOGRAPH 


ENCOURAGEMENT  PLEASE 


We  have  a  great  faculty  In  the  College  of  Engineering — some  members  are  just 
greater  than  others.  By  this  we  refer  to  the  cooperative,  understanding  attitude  evi- 
denced by  some  faculty  members,  and  alas,  the  lack  of  it  in  others. 

Recently,  a  few  successful  activities  pointed  out  the  positive  effect  that  encourag- 
ing faculty  support  can  have.  This  year  at  Open  hHouse  Bob  Phelps,  an  undergraduate, 
set  a  new  standard  by  establishihg  the  small  labs  guided  tours — an  impossible 
task  without  the  help  of  two  diligent  faculty  members,  Dave  O'Bryant  and  Al 
Kingery.  For  the  first  time  visitors  could  get  a  first  hand  view  of  a  great  deal  of 
the  research  conducted  in  the  college,  a  very  successful  venture  due  to  faculty 
encouragement  of  student  effort. 

Early  this  semester.  Prof.  Schwarzlose,  Professor  of  Electrical  Engineering,  took 
a  few  minutes  out  of  his  classes  to  point  out  the  importance  (and  lower  cost)  of  EE 
students  joining  the  IEEE  while  in  college;  included  in  his  discussion  were  the  high- 
lights of  his  four-day  trip  to  the  annual  IEEE  conference  In  New  York.  Three  mem- 
bers of  his  class  attended  their  first  IEEE  meeting  the  following  Wednesday. 

Unfortunately,  most  faculty  members  do  not  give  such  encouragement.  Knowingly 
or  unknowingly,  they  are  delivering  a  significant  blow  to  professional  societies.  Open 
House,  and  other  student  efforts.  One  Open  House  secretary  reported  that  not 
a  single  one  of  his  five  engineering  instructors  took  time  to  read  an  important 
announcement  in  class.  Other  faculty  members  pass  out  Open  House  sign-up  cards 
with  an  obvious  disinterest  and  disrespect  for  the  event. 

Students  are  certainly  not  putting  forth  an  overwhelming  effort,  and  in  many  cases 
seem  totally  disinterested.  But  the  faculty  Is  doing  no  better.  Without  faculty  encour- 
agement student  Interest  flares  and  dies.  We  propose  that  it  Is  time  to  stop  pretending 
that  extracurricular  activities  are  entirely  student  designed  and  operated.  They  work 
best  when  they  are  cooperatively  done  by  students  and  faculty  members.  We  respect 
the  faculty  enough  that  we  want  their  support  and  encouragement,  and  we  hope  they 
have  enough  respect  for  us  that  they  are  willing  to  give  It. 


APRIL,    1964 


TURBOPROP  ENGINE  FOR  LIGHT 

AIRCRAFT 


y 


This  600  horsepower  turboprop  engine  is  designed  to  power  the  new  generation  of  light,  fixed  wing 
aircraft  for  both  civil  and  military  applications.  •  The  Garrett-AiResearch  TPE-331  has  a  specific 
fuel  consumption  of  .62  pound  per  shaft  horsepower-hour,  and  a  weight  to  power  ratio  of  .45  pound  per 
horsepower.  The  engine  has  a  response  rate  from  flight  idle  to  full  power  of  approximately  1/3  of 
a  second.  A  military  version  has  been  designated  the  T76  by  the  U.S.  Navy.  •  Designed  specifically  as  a 
prime  power  plant,  the  model  331  is  backed  by  the  company's  experience  in  producing  over  10,000  gas 
turbine  engines.  •  The  Model  331  engine  is  programmed  for  additional  performance  growth.  The  turboshaft 
version  (TSE-331)  has  been  flight  tested  as  a  power  plant  in  rotary  wing  and  vertical  lift  vehicles, 
for  further  information  about  many  interesting  project  areas  and  career 
opportunities  at  Tlie  Garrett  Corporation,  write  to  Mr.  G.  D.  Bradley  at 
9851  S.Sepulveda  Blvd.,  Los  Angeles.  Garrett  isanequalopportunity  employer. 


THE  FUTURE  IS  BUILDING  NOIAT  AT 


ASRESEARCH 

Phoenix  •  Los  Angeles 

TECHNOGRAPH 


PETE 


Programmed  teaching  is  one  of  the 
newest  techniques  in  the  feJd  of  edu- 
cation. Tliis  article  explains  how  tlie 
Electrical  Engineering  Department 
hopes  to  improve  the  E.E.  labs 
through  the  use  of  this  new  method. 


The  Electrical  Engineering  Depart- 
ment at  the  University  of  Illinois  is 
teaching  an  old  dog  some  new  tricks 
this  semester.  It's  hard  to  believe,  but 
they're  actually  changing  some  of  the 
laboratory  courses,  and  these  changes 
may  e\'entually  affect  the  labs  in  other 
engineering  departments  as  well. 

Last  year  the  E.E.  Department 
started  a  new  experimental  lab  for 
their  introductory  circuit  theory 
course,  E.E.  250.  This  lab  was  so  well 
liked  that  it  was  continued  last  Fall, 
and  now  is  a  part  of  the  curriculum. 
Called  "PETE,"  for  Programmed 
E.xperimental  Teaching  Exercises,  this 
lab  may  be  the  forerunner  of  a  series 
of  changes  which  might  encompass  all 
tlie  required  "hard  core"  subjects,  and 
consists  of  a  series  of  "self-demonstra- 
tions '  designed  to  teach  the  student 
how  to  operate  electronic  test  equip- 
ment and  to  show  him  the  basic  laws. 
theorems  and  principles  co\ered  in 
the  classroom.  These  self-demonstra- 
tions are  step  by  step  instructions 
which  tell  the  student  exactly  what 
\\'ires  to  connect,  what  knobs  to  tiun 
and  what  readings  to  take.  The  equip- 
ment used  in  these  demonstrations  is 
modem,  and  each  student  can  go  at 
his  own  pace,  covering  the  easy  parts 
quickly,  and  spending  more  time  on 
the  harder  ideas  and  concepts.  PETE 
may  seem  like  the  ultimate  in  cook- 
book, and  to  a  certain  extent  it  is,  but 
these  exercises  do  serve  a  \'ery  special 
purpose. 

Originally  the  E.E.  lab  was  a  place 
where  students  could  become  ac- 
quainted with  instruments,  compo- 
nents  and   problems  of  real   circuits. 


by  Hank  Magnu.ski 


These  labs,  however,  did  not  keep 
pace  with  the  changing  technology 
and  e\entually  deteriorated  to  the 
point  where  the  students  were  using 
outmoded  equipment.  They  were  also 
spending  too  much  time  just  trying 
to  show-  the  fundamentals  and  very 
little  time  learning  experimental  lab- 
oratory theory  and  practices.  The 
PETE  program  is  an  effort  to  correct 
this  situation.  These  programmed 
exercises  will  relieve  the  instructors 
from  supervising  the  labs  where  the 
fundamental  laws  and  theorems  are 
demonstrated,  and  let  them  supervise, 
instead,    the    labs    where    experi- 


mental theory  is  learned.  For  example, 
during  the  first  year  PETE  will  cover 
such  topics  as  learning  how  to  use  an 
oscilloscope,  impedance,  resonance, 
and  power,  while  the  experimental 
lab  and  lectm-e  will  cover  topics  re- 
lating to  tlie  design  ;md  execution  of 
an  experiment.  In  this  experimental 
theory  lab,  an  experiment  such  as 
blowing  fuses  (on  purpose,  that  is) 
might  be  used  to  demonstrate  a  sta- 
tistical distribution  cur\e. 

The  laboratory  program  of  the 
future,  according  to  Professors  E.  W. 
Ernst  and  J.  O.  Kopplin  who  are  de- 
signing the  new  labs,  would  consists 
of  the  programmed  exercises,  which 
would  acquaint  the  students  with  the 
basic  fundamentals,  and  three  two- 
hour  courses.  These  two-hour  courses 
would  cover  the  theory  of  experimen- 
tation, electrical  instruments  and  mea- 
surements, and  the  investigation  and 
analysis  of  a  problem  given  to  a  stu- 
dent in  liis  senior  year.  As  of  now, 
however,  only  the  first  year  PETE 
programs  are  in  the  curriculum. 

Although  the  progress  is  slow,  the 
program  is  moving  at  a  steady  pace, 
and  within  the  next  five  years  the 
University  of  Illinois  should  have  one 
of  the  best  electrical  engineering  lab 
programs  in  the  United  States.    ♦  ♦  ♦ 


t<x  ■ 


^ 


of  the   oscilloscope. 


APRIL,    1964 


The  U  of  I  has  one  of  the  most 
modern  and  complete  campus 
foundries  in  the  country,  and 
icifh  additions  already  planned, 
soon  may  become  second  to 
none. 


by    Dick   Free 


U  of  I 


To  those  familiar  with  the  cast 
metals  industry,  the  foundry  is  a  most 
fascinating  place  to  work;  to  others, 
the  foundry  suggests  tum-of-the- 
century,  dimly  lit,  choking  sweat- 
rooms,  reminiscent  of  Dante's  Inferno. 
But  to  all  of  us  the  foundry  is  the 
source  of  a  multitude  of  cast  metal 
parts,  which  we  use  daily,  that  could 
not  be  as  easily  or  as  economically 
produced  by  other  means,  and,  in 
many  cases,  could  not  be  produced 
at  all  by  other  means.  Imagine  the 
hours  that  would  be  required  to  pro- 
duce a  water-cooled  engine  block 
from  solid  stock. 

The  transition  from  the  past  prac- 
tice of  avoiding  cast  parts,  unless 
weight  and  strength  were  not  critical, 
to  the  demanding  of  cast  parts  in 
everything  from  bulldozers  to  mis- 
siles, has  become  a  common  practice 
in  modern  industry. 

General  Motor's  Chevy  Division, 
for  example,  has  recently  organized  a 
team  to  study  all  components  of  a 
Chevrolet  to  determine  the  feasibihty 
of  replacing  them  with  high-strength 
ductile  iron  castings.  A  portable  chain 
saw  producer  was  able  to  reduce  the 
weight  of  his  five  horse  power  engine 
from  50  pounds  to  15  pounds  through 
strong,  light  alloy  castings.  This  sin- 
gle appUcation  of  modern  foundry 
practice  resulted  in  an  increase  in 
light  alloy  casting  production  of 
2,000,000  lbs.  yearly. 

With  programs  like  these  under 
way,  there  is  no  uncertainty  about 
the  direction  in  which  the  foundry 
industry  is  moving.  The  metal  casting 
industry  in  the  United  States  consists 
of  more  than  5,000  foundries  employ- 
ing more  than  .350,000  men,  produc- 
ing 6V2  billion  dollars  worth  of  prod- 

TECHNOGRAPH 


FOUNDRY 


OPPORTUNITY 


Graduate  Asii 
pouring  techniqu 
ME   183. 


□  nl     B.li     BlacK     comm 
of    Leonard    Mattioli 


the  Shaw  process  as  well  as  conven- 
tional green  sand,  shell  sand,  or  in- 
vestment molds.  The  foundry'  sand  is 
reconditioned  through  a  modern 
speed  muUer,  a  gift  to  the  foundry 
from  the  Beardsley-Piper  Co.  Two 
smaller  laboratory  mullers  and  a 
complete  sand  testing  laboratory  are 
also  available. 

The  foundr\-  has  traded  for  a  three 
by  five  simplicity  oscillating  pan  to 
separate  the  solidified  castings  from 
their  molds.  After  castings  have  been 
separated,  they  can  be  blast  cleaned 


ucts  each  year— the  fifth  largest  U.S. 
industr)'.  It  is  clear  diat  our  nation's 
foundries  are  going  to  demand  much 
more  from  college  trained  people. 

The  Universit}'  of  Illinois  pro\ides 
an  excellent  opportunity  to  become 
acquainted  with  the  foundry  proc?ss. 
Established  before  the  turn  of  the 
century  in  its  present  location  in  the 
east  ^^■ing  of  the  \\'oodshop  Building, 
the  Illini  foundr)-  is  under  the  direc- 
tion of  Professor  James  L.  Leach,  who 
has  been  with  the  University  fifteen 
\-ears  and  has  served  as  director  of 
foundry  operations  since  19i50.  Pro- 
fessor Leach  is  well  acquainted  with 
both  the  theoretical  and  practical 
needs  of  the  foundry  industry'  and 
has  organized  the  U  of  I  foundry 
accordingly. 

ME  183,  a  requirement  for  mechan- 
ical  and    industrial    engineering    stu- 
dents   provides    an    introduction    to 
basic  foundry  processes: 
!  1 )  Preparing  a  molten  metal  having 

proper  physical  and  chemical  prop- 
erties, 

APRIL,    1964 


In  Professor  Leach  demonstrates  uses  of  t 

characteristics  of  mold  materials. 

2)  Preparing  a  sand  mold  or  cavity 
into  \\4iich  the  molten  metal  can  be 
poured,  allowed  to  harden  in  the 
shape  of  the  finished  product,  and 
cooled, 

3)  Transferring  and  pouring  the 
molten  metal  into  the  mold. 

4)  Separating  the  mold  from  the 
hardened  casting, 

5)  Cleaning  the  casting, 

6)  Finishing  the  casting. 

The  U  of  I  foundry  uses  the  same 
type  of  equipment  that  an  outside 
job  foundry  would  use.  In  addition  to 
production  type  equipment,  there  is 
also  smaller,  more  versatile  experi- 
mental equipment,  usualK'  of  the 
same  design. 

The  melting  facilities  include  a 
large  thirty  inch  diameter  cupola,  a 
smaller  four  inch  diameter  experi- 
mental cupola,  and  a  one  hundred 
pound  gas-fired  furnace.  Various  types 
of  iron  are  melted  as  well  as  brass, 
bronze,  aluminum,  tin,  and  zinc.  Mol- 
ten metal  can  be  poured  into  special 
ceramic-lined  molds  produced  under 


Ive  point  recorder  in   de 


ining  heat  flow 


and  sent  to  the  machine  shop  for  fur- 
ther finisliing.  Test  bars  poured  from 
the  same  "heat"  as  castings  can  be 
analyzed  for  both  physical  and  chemi- 
cal properties.  To  examine  physical 
properties  of  cast  metals,  the  foundry 
has  recently  received  a  60,000  pound 
capacity  Tinus  Olsen  testing  machine 
from  the  Aurora  Metal  Products  Co. 
and  has  plans  for  facilities  for  deter- 
mining necessary  metallurgical  and 
chemical  properties. 

In  addition  to  new  testing  equip- 
ment, the  foundry  plans  to  add  two 
new  induction  melting  units,  one  of 
which  will  facilitate  vacuum  melting. 
Man\  of  the  rare  metals  such  as  ti- 
tanium and  uranium  are  so  easUy 
oxidized  they  can  be  melted  only  in 
a  \acuum.  The  installation  of  this 
ecjuipment  will   begin   this   semester. 

Plans  for  this  \ear  also  include  work 
on  a  cobalt  60  X-ra\'  laboratory,  work 
on  automatic  sand  storage  and  han- 

(Continued  on  Page  21) 


DEVELOPMENT  OF 
MANAGEMENT 
IS  OUR  MOST 
IMPORTANT 
FUNCnON 


At  (he  1963  stockholders'  meeting,  Arjay  R.  Miller,  President  of 
Ford  Motor  Company,  emphasized  the  Company's  far-sighted  recruit- 
ment program  and  its  accent  on  developing  management  talent: 

Obviously,  our  long-run  future  will  be  determined  by  the  develop- 
ment of  our  management.   Here,  every  one  of  us— at  all  levels  of 
supervision— recognizes  this  as  his  most  important  function.  Since  1946, 
the  Company  has   recruited  widely  varied  talent— talent  that  can  be 
blended  to  give  us  the  required  combination  of  tight  administration  and 
creative  scope. 

'Under  a  carefully  conceived  management  development  program,  we  try  to 
recruit  the  best  personnel  available,  both  in  training  and  experience.  Once  we 
get  them,  we  have  a  program  for  giving  them  varied  opportunities  and  increasing 
responsibility.  This  program  is  in  force  in  all  parts  of  the  Company— in  manufactur- 
ing, finance,  styling,  engineering  and  marketing. 

The  program  is  paying  off.  We  have  developed  a  real  depth  of  management  talent 
in  the  Company,  and  we  are  dedicated  to  seeing  it  continued  and  reinforced.  Because 
of   this,   I   feel   not  only   very  fortunate   in   being    associated   with   this   management 
group,  but  also  very  confident  of  its  long-run  success.  We  know  our  goals  and  how  to 
achieve  them." 


MOTOR     COMPANY 

The  American  Road.  Dearborn,  Michigan 


TECHNOGRAPH 


COMBINED 

ENGINEERING-LAS 
PROGRAM 


Many  responsible  positions  in  in- 
dustry, business  and  government  re- 
quire a  combination  of  thorough  tech- 
nical training  and  a  well-rounded  cul- 
tural education.  Our  educational  sys- 
tem has  tended  to  become  highly 
specialized  in  areas  such  as  business 
and  engineering.  Thus,  it  becomes 
increasingly  more  difficult  to  find 
graduates  with  the  desired  broad  cul- 
tural ti-aining  who  also  possesses  a 
technical  background. 

Several  years  ago  the  College  of 
Engineering  initiated  a  program  that 
would  provide  both  the  cultural  and 
technical  educational  aspects  for  stu- 
dents desiring  the  combination. 

This  program  consists  of  five  years 
of  study  in  liberal  arts  and  engineer- 
ing curricula.  On  completion  of  the 
program  a  student  receives  a  bachelor 
of  science  degree  in  a  field  of  engi- 
neering and  a  bachelor  of  science  or 
bachelor  of  arts  degree  in  liberal  arts 
and  sciences.  The  student  thus  ob- 
tains a  well  rounded  cultural  educa- 
tion along  with  his  regular  engineer- 
ing subjects. 

There  are  two  ways  a  student  may 
complete  the  combined  program.  One 
way  is  by  attending  the  University  of 
Illinois  for  five  years  being  enrolled 
in  both  engineering  and  liberal  arts 
at  various  times.  The  second  way  is 
to  attend  a  liberal  arts  college  else- 
where for  the  first  three  years  and 
then  transfer  to  the  College  of  Engi- 
neering for  the  last  two  years. 

If  a  student  completes  all  five  years 
at  the  University  of  Illinois,  he  regis- 
ters in  the  College  of  Engineering  for 
the  first,  fourth  and  fifth  years  and 
enrolls  in  the  College  of  Liberal  Arts 
and  Sciences  for  the  second  and  third 
years.  A  wide  choice  of  study  is  of- 
fered by  both  colleges  and  many 
unique  combinations  are  available. 
Some  of  the  more  popular  studies  in 
liberal  arts  are  psychology,  mathe- 
matics, history,  philosophy  and  politi- 


by   Bob   Phelps 

cal  science.  Any  area  of  engineering 
may  be  selected  except  Engineering 
Physics. 

When  a  student  completes  the 
combined  program  by  attending  a 
liberal  arts  college  for  three  years  and 
then  transferring  to  the  University  of 
Illinois,  courses  at  the  liberal  arts 
college  are  taken  with  a  combined 
math-physics  major  as  the  goal.  At 
the  end  of  the  third  year  the  student's 
credits  are  transferred  to  the  Univer- 
sity and  he  is  enrolled  in  the  College 
of  Engineering  in  the  field  of  his 
choice.  The  liberal  arts  college  must 
have  an  agreement  with  the  College 
of  Engineering  to  make  this  three-two 
arrangement  possible. 

Which  of  these  two  programs 
should  a  student  select?  That  is  a 
matter  of  personal  choice.  Some  stu- 
dents may  prefer  to  start  their  educa- 
tion in  a  school  near  their  home  or 
in  a  smaller  school.  Others  prefer  to 
complete  their  entire  undergraduate 
education  at  one  school  without  mak- 
ing a  transfer.  Schools  which  are  cur- 
rently affiliated  with  the  College  of 
Engineering  in  this  combination  pro- 
gram are:  Colorado  College,  Colorado 
Springs,  Colorado;  Greenville  Col- 
lege, Greenville,  Illinois;  Rockford 
College,  Rockford,  Illinois;  Western 
Illinois  University,  Macomb,  Illinois; 
Carthage  College,  Carthage,  Illinois; 
and  Yankton  College,  Yankton,  South 
Dakota. 

Students  who  are  now  finishing 
their  freshman  year  in  engineering 
can  switch  into  the  combined  program 
at  the  University  of  Illinois  with  very 
little  trouble.  High  school  students 
should  look  into  the  two  programs 
and  decide  if  this  is  what  they  are 
looking  for.  Students  interested  in 
this  combination  should  study  pages 
221  and  222  of  the  current  Under- 
graduate Stud)'  Bulletin  of  the  Uni- 
versit\-  of  Illinois  for  more  specific  in- 
formation and  t\pical  programs.  ♦♦♦ 


APRIL,    1964 


What  happened  to  the  Class  of  '60? 


Harlan  Baxter  is  with  Olin's  Chemi- 
cals Division,  developing  commercial 
applications  for  the  new  wonder-fuel, 
hydrazine. 

(We're  working  on  new  products  that 
would  make  an  alchemist  scoff  in 
disbelief.) 

Jerry  Shay  was  recently  promoted  to 
Technical  Advisor  in  Olin's  Metals 


Division. 

(We're  moving  so  rapidly,  we  haven't 
had  time  to  master  the  art  of  red  tape.) 

Jim  Silver  is  designing  ammuni- 
tion processing  machinery  for  Olin's 
Winchester- Western  Division. 

(One  of  6  diversified  divisions 
in  6  major  growth  industries.) 

Richard  Seller  is  a  Research 


iiuui mil 

Grlin 


Supervisorin  Olin's  PackagingDivision. 
(Research  gets  a  healthy  budget, 
research  people,  a  healthy  climate.) 

Right  now,  Olin  is  looking  for  the 
class  of  the  Class  of  '64.  For  complete 
information,  the  man  to  contact  is 
Monte   H.   Jacoby,  College 
Relations  Officer,  Olin,  460 
Park  Ave.,  New  York  22,  N.Y. 


"An  Equal  Opportunity  Employer" 


10 


TECHNOGRAPH 


Tom  Huck  sought  scientific  excitement 


He's  finding  it  at  Western  Electric 


Ohio  University  conferred  a  B.S.E.E.  degree  on  C.  T. 
Huck  in  1956.  Tom  knew  of  Western  Electric's  history 
of  manufacturing  development.  He  realized,  too,  that 
our  personnel  development  program  was  expanding 
to  meet  tomorrow's  demands. 

After  graduation,  Tom  immediately  began  to  work 
on  the  development  of  electronic  switching  systems. 
Then,  in  1958,  Tom  went  to  the  Bell  Telephone  Lab- 
oratories on  a  temporary  assignment  to  help  in  the 
advancement  of  our  national  military  capabilities.  At 
their  Whippany,  New  Jersey,  labs,  Tom  worked  with 
the  Western  Electric  development  team  on  computer 
circuitry  for  the  Nike  Zeus  guidance  system.  Tom  then 
moved  on  to  a  new  assignment  at  WE's  Columbus, 
Ohio,  Works.  There,  Tom  is  working  on  the  develop- 
ment of  testing  circuitry  for  the  memory  phase  of  elec- 
tronic switching  systems. 


This  constant  challenge  of  the  totally  new,  com- 
bined with  advanced  training  and  education  opportu- 
nities, makes  a  Western  Electric  career  enjoyable, 
stimulating  and  fruitful.  Thousands  of  young  men 
will  realize  this  in  the  next  few  years.  How  about  you? 

If  responsibility  and  the  challenge  of  the  future  ap- 
peal to  you,  and  you  have  the  qualifications  we  seek, 
talk  with  us.  Opportunities  for  fast-moving  careers 
exist  now  for  electrical,  mechanical  and  industrial 
engineers,  and  also  for  physical  science,  liberal  arts 
and  business  majors.  For  more  detailed  information, 
get  your  copy  of  the  Western  Electric  Career  Oppor- 
tunities booklet  from  your  Placement  Officer.  Or  write 
Western  Electric  Company,  Room  6405,  222  Broad- 
way, New  York  38,  N.  Y.  And  be  sure  to  arrange  for 
a  personal  interview  when  the  Bell  System  recruiting 
team  visits  your  campus. 


Western  Electric 


MANUFACTURING    AND    SUPPLY   UNIT  OF  THE   BELL   SYSTEM 


Principal  manufacturing  locations  in  13  cities     ■     Operating  centers  in  many  of  tfiese  same  cities  plus  36  otfiers  tfiroughout  tfie  U.  S.      •      Engineering  Researcfi 
Center.  Princeton.  New  Jersey    •   Teletype  Corooration.  Skokie.  Illinois.  Little  Rock.  Arkansas    •    General  tieadquarters.  195  Broadway,  New  York  7,  New  York 


APRIL,    1964 


IT 


In  addition  to  working  as  an  undergraduate 
research  assistant  for  three  years,  Roy  has 
found  time  to  participate  in  Engineering 
Council,  the  Mineral  Industries  Society,  the 
American  Society  for  Metals,  Alpha  Sigma 
Mu,  and  the  American  Institute  of  Mining, 
Metallurgical,  and  Petroleum  Engineers.  In 
his  housing  group  Roy  has  held  the  posi- 
tions of  management  chairman,  disciplinar- 
ian, judicial  board  member,  and  co-captain 
of  the  intramural  football  team. 


KNIGHTS  OF 
ST.  PAT 


For  tlie  American  Society  of  Agricultural 
Engineers-  Pete  has  served  as  vice-president, 
program  chairman,  banquet  chairman,  and 
Engineering  Open  House  chainnan  of  the 
Soil  and  Water  Division.  He  is  a  member 
of  Newman  Club,  is  an  usher  at  St.  John's 
Catholic  Chapel,  and  bosses  the  evening 
meal  crew  at  Newman  Hall. 


President  of  Tau  Beta  Pi  and  circulation 
manager  of  the  Technograph,  Larry  has  re- 
ceived numerous  academic  honors  including 
a  National  Science  Foundation  Undergradu- 
ate Research  Grant.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
American  Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  Chi 
Epsilon,  Tau  Beta  Pi,  Phi  Eta  Sigma,  and 
Phi  Kappa  Phi.  Larry  has  also  been  active  in 
planning  Open  House  exhibits  for  his  de- 
partment for  the  past  three  >ears. 


Roger  has  served  as  vice-president  of  the 
Illinois  Society  of  Professional  Engineers, 
\  ice-president  of  the  American  Institute  of 
Industrial  Engineers,  coordinating  chaimian 
of  Engineering  Open  House,  and  staff  writ- 
er for  the  Technograph.  He  has  also  been 
an  active  member  of  his  fraternity,  his 
church,  and  the  University'  YMCA. 


Dave  was  the  1964  chaimian  of  Engineering 
Open  House.  He  is  a  member  of  Sigma  Tau 
and  the  American  Institute  of  Aeronautics 
and  Astronautics.  He  has  also  served  as 
scholarship  chainnan  of  his  fraternity,  as  a 
member  of  the  Interfratemity  Council  schol- 
arship committee  and  as  an  usher  at  the 
Lutheran  Church. 


A  participant  in  the  University  Honors  Pro- 
gram, Doug  has  been  president  of  the  Amer- 
ican Ceramic  Society,  Vice-president  of 
Keramos  and  departmental  co-chairman  of 
Engineering  Open  House.  He  is  a  member 
of  Phi  Eta  Sigma  and  has  been  active  in  his 
fraternity. 


c 


Larry  M.  Campbell 


5^'^Tfl 


12 


TECHNOGRAPH 


TJic  KniLiht.s  of  St.  Pat  die  chosen  annuuUy  hij 
a  student-facility  committee.  The  group  consists  of 
junior  and  senior  engineering  students  who  have 
been  of  outstanding  service  to  their  college,  their 
profession,  and  their  community  and  icho  have 
been  nominated  by  their  professional  society.  Engi- 
neering Council  or  Technograph.  Selection  as  a 
Kniglit  of  St.  Pat  is  a  nationally  known  recognilion. 


Lady  Pat  is  Tcclmufirapli's  artistic  produc- 
tion manager  and  the  chairman  of  the  Soci- 
ety of  Women  Engineers.  Pat  has  also  served 
as  an  Engineering  Council  representative, 
and  as  secretary  and  guided  tours  chairman 
of  Open  House.  In  her  housing  group  Pat 
has  been  .scholastic  and  activities  chairman, 
treasurer,  an  lUini  Guide  and  a  Student 
Senate  district  council   representative. 


The  honorary  Knight  of  St.  Pat  this  year  was  Dean  H.  L.  Wakeland. 


Patricia  A.  Martin 


Robert  E.  Seyler 


Kathy,  a  past  chainiian  of  the  Society  of 
Women  Engineers  has  been  a  member  of 
Engineering  Council  for  three  semesters. 
She  has  also  served  as  treasurer  of  the  Illi- 
nois Society  of  Professional  Engineers,  pub- 
licity chairman  of  the  Mineral  Industries 
Society  and  secretary  and  queen's  chairman 
of  St.  Pat's  Ball.  She  has  been  a  member  of 
the  Cadet  Ladies  Club,  an  Ilhni  Guide,  her 
house  scholarship  chaimian,  vice-president 
of  Avalon,  secretary,  vice-president,  and 
ecumenical  chairman  of  the  Disciples  Stu- 
dent Fellowship. 


Steve  has  been  an  active  Engineering  Coun- 
cil representative  for  the  American  Institute 
of  Aeronautics  and  Astronautics.  He  has 
worked  as  his  departmental  chairman  of 
Open  House,  as  scholastic  and  activities 
chairman  of  his  housing  group,  chairman 
of  the  Hungarian  Group  for  the  Internation- 
al Fair  and  usher  at  the  Lutheran  Church. 


George  was  last  year's  chaimian  of  Engi- 
neering Open  House  and  has  been  an  im- 
aginative, vociferous  member  of  Engineering 
Council  for  over  a  year.  For  the  American 
Society  of  Agricultural  Engineers  he  has 
served  as  vice-president  and  Agriculture 
Council  representative.  George's  list  of  hon- 
oraries  include  Alpha  Epsilon,  Tau  Beta  Pi, 
and  Phi  Eta  Sigma. 


Hassan  was  the  1964  chairman  of  St.  Pat's 
Ball  and  is  a  member  of  Engineering  Coun- 
cil. He  has  been  social  chainnan  of  the 
Iranian  Students  Association,  intramural 
chainnan  of  his  fraternity,  editor  of  the  Chi 
Epsilon  publication  the  "Benchmark"  and 
is  a  member  of  Sigma  Tau,  Chi  Epsilon,  and 
Phi  Alpha  Mu. 


No  doubt  Bob  wiU  best  be  remembered  for 
the  Technocuties  which  he  so  artfull>'  loosed 
and  photographed  this  >ear.  His  more  minor 
,Lcti\iti('S  include  president  of  Engineering 
C^ouncil,  president  of  the  Illinois  Society  of 
Professional  Engineers,  and  past  president 
of  the  Illinois  Society  of  General  Engineers. 
He  has  also  beat  tlie  snare  and  bass  dnnns 
in  the  Marching  Illini  for  three  years  and 
taken  snapshots  for  the  Daily  Illini  and 
Illio. 


APRIL,    1964 


13 


A  PROFESSIONAL  LIFETIME 


STARTS  WITH  JETS 


by  David  Reyes-Guerra 

State   Director  of  the   Junior 

Engineering    Technical    Society 


Before  the  turn  of  the  century  40 
years  represented  the  average  hfe  span 
of  a  human  being.  In  many  undevel- 
oped countries  40  years  is  still  a  life- 
time. To  us  it  is  a  measure  of  the  work- 
ing span  of  a  college  graduate  be- 
tween the  time  he  receives  his  degree 
and  the  time  he  retires.  These  produc- 
tive years  are  certainly  the  major  por- 
tion of  our  life  span  and  every  con- 
ceivable effort  should  be  made  to 
spend  them  in  a  productive,  challeng- 
ing, rewarding,  interesting,  and  grati- 
fying profession. 

High  school  students,  in  many  in- 
stances, fail  to  realize  that  as  early 
as  their  freshman  year  they  are  under 
pressure  by  our  accelerated  environ- 
ment to  start  deciding  on  their  pro- 
fession for  the  40  most  important  and 
productive  years  of  their  lives. 

Many  students  and  parents  fail  to 
realize  that  a  decision  for  a  college 
education  must  be  reached  early  in 
high  school.  Even  though  a  choice  of 
specific  career  may  be  made  later,  it 
is  best  to  decide  on  a  major  area  be- 
fore high  school  is  completed.  Other- 
wise,   a   student   may   find   his   high 


school  credits  lack  the  requirements 
of  his  chosen  field. 

Counseling  is  an  important  part  of 
our  overall  education.  It  may  often 
help  to  determine  weaknesses  in  vari- 
ous fields,  but  seldom  will  it  help  with 
motivation  and  interest.  These  are 
usually  determined  by  personal  ex- 
perience. Not  all  the  youngsters  at- 
tending high  school  are  interested  in 
a  college  education.  Many  wish  and 
go  after  vocational  or  technical  train- 
ing. But  for  those  oriented  towards  a 
college  education,  the  opportimity  to 
follow  any  profession  of  their  choosing 
is  there.  It  is  up  to  the  individual  to 
decide  what  he  wants,  and  what  he  is 
capable  of. 

With  the  tremendous  opportunities 
a\'ailable  throughout  the  country  for 
higher  education,  it  is  regrettable  that 
many  youngsters  are  not  made  aware 
of  all  the  possibilities  open  to  them. 
Students  should  be  encouraged  to 
participate  in  extracurricular  activities 
that  give  them  an  insight  to  the  var- 
ious professions  available  to  them. 
Qualified,  academically  oriented  activ- 
ities  should   be   readily   available   to 


JETS  Slate  Director  and  U  of  I  General  Engineering  Professor  David  Reyes-Guerra  presents  a  certificote 
of  membersliip  to  a  new  student  JETS  ctiapter  in  Ctiicogo's  Steinimetz  High  Scliool.  From  left  to  right 
are  John  C.  Fisher,  a  metallurgical  engineer  from  Schenectady,  New  York;  C.  C.  Cloxton,  school 
principal;  Director  Reyes-Guerra;  Richard  Crawley,  treasurer  of  the  student  chapter;  Conoid  Stewart, 
president  of  the  student  chapter;  and   E.  Bomicino,  faculty  advisor. 


high  school  students.  Such  activities 
would  show  what  the  various  profes- 
sions do  as  seen  and  practiced  by  their 
members.  Students  should  also  be  en- 
couraged to  try  and  participate  in  the 
activities  of  diese  professions  to  get 
firsthand  infonnation  and  experience. 
This  way,  a  student  considering  one 
field  might  definitely  find  out  that  he 
is  or  isn't  interested  and  motivated 
toward  this  field  before  committing 
himself  to  a  college  education. 

Most  all  professions  offer  and  spon- 
sor such  activities.  Some  of  the  better 
known,  among  many,  are:  4-H;  the 
Junior  Academy  of  Science;  and  Jun- 
ior Achievement. 

The  engineering  profession  is  most 
proud  of  having  a  qualified  academ- 
ically oriented  activity  for  high  school 
youngsters  through  which  they  can 
evaluate  their  capabilities,  interests, 
motivations,  and  aptitudes  for  this 
profession.  The  program  is  called  the 
Junior  Engineering  Technical  Society 
(JETS).  It  is  firmly  endorsed  by  all 
the  leading  engineering  societies  and 
many  educational  groups  throughout 
the  country.  In  Illinois,  it  is  approved 
by  the  Illinois  High  School  Associa- 
tion. 

Through  JETS,  high  school  young- 
sters can  learn  what  the  engineering 
profession  is  like  by  organizing  them- 
selves into  small  chapters  widiin  the 
high  school.  \\'ith  the  help  of  a  facul- 
ty adviser,  together  with  professional 
engineers  in  their  community  who 
serve  as  engineering  advisers,  they 
have  a  ready  vehicle  by  which  infor- 
mation and  help  may  be  secured  con- 
cerning engineering.  The  chapters 
meet  as  often  as  they  desire  and  work 
on  projects  or  research  papers  in  the 
field  of  engineering.  There  is  no  better 

(Continued  on  Page  22) 


14 


TECHNOGRAPH 


^ech 


inoculie 


tu 


Wus    CUotte    WiUi 


lanti 


A  sophomore  in  L.A.S.,  otir  Cutie  is 
majoring  in  speech  and  is  very  interested  in 
drama.  Charlie  says  that  she  is  keeping,  a 
journal  and  wants  to  write  a  novel  some 
day— something  about  a  photographer  .  .  . 
No  comment. 


Photos  token  at  Hickory  Hill  Country  Club 
by  Bob  Seyler 


Materials  Research  Laboratory 
Under  Construction 


by   WAYNE    PETERSON 


N 


MECHANICAL 
ENGINEERING 
BLDG. 


1  MATERIALS 

i 

1  RESEARCH 

! 

1  LABORATORY 

i 

^ 

L_^^_ 

-I 

— 

1    '  ' 

2 

o 
o 

1 
PHYSICS     BLDG. 

o 

1 

GREEN    STREET 


That  big  mudhole  just  across  the 
boneyard  from  the  Physics  Building  is 
not  only  a  handsome  example  of  mod- 
ern, quiet,  tidy  excavation  engineer- 
ing, it  is  also  the  unlined  basement 
of  the  latest  north  campus  improve- 
ment, the  new  Materials  Research 
Laboratory. 

When  completed  in  July  of  1965, 
tlris  laboratory  will  be  used  for  re- 
search on  the  basic  properties  of 
materials.  Five  departments  will  be 
participating:  Physics;  Mining,  Met- 
allurgy and  Petroleum  Engineering; 
Electrical  Engineering;  Chemistry 
and  Chemical  Engineering;  and  Ce- 
ramic Engineering. 

According  to  Dr.  George  A.  Rus- 
sell, Associate  Director  of  the  Lab- 
oratory, much  related  research  on 
materials  is  now  distributed  through 
several  different  buildings.  Tliis  situa- 
tion complicates  coordination  of  in- 
dividual departmental  programs.  The 
new  laboratory  will  facilitate  more 
convenient  direction  of  projects  and 
will  enable  the  departments  to  almost 
double   their  present  research  effort. 

The  laboratory  will  not  contain 
classrooms  for  undergraduate  instruc- 
tion; it  will  be  used  primarily  for 
graduate  education  in  the  materials 
sciences.  The  new  building  will  pro- 
vide laboratories  for  at  least  one  hun- 
dred graduate  students. 

The  funds  for  the  4.8  million  dollar 
building  are  being  provided  by  two 
federal  agencies,  the  Atomic  Energy 
Commission  and  the  Advanced  Re- 
search Projects  Agency  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  Defense.  Both  of  these 
agencies  are  especially  interested  in 
investigations  into  the  atomic  and 
chemical  properties  of  materials  for 
engineering  purposes.  The  University 
of  Illinois  is  well  known  for  past  ac- 
complishments in  this  field.  The  new 
Materials  Research  Laboratory  not 
only  constitutes  a  substantial  expan- 
sion of  facilities  but  also  serves  as 
recognition  of  the  University's  past 
achievements.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 


16 


TECHNOGRAPH 


ENGINEERING  OPEN   HOUSE 
EXHIBITS  CONTEST  WINNERS 

1st  PRIZE  $50,  2nd  $35,  3rd  $15 
Category  I 

The  prizes  in  this  category  were  given  for  the  disphiys  that  best 
represent  the  universit}'  research  in  a  given  area  or  field  of  engineer- 
ing at  the  U  of  I. 


1st  place 
2nd  place 
3rd  place 


Ro\'  Ad;uiis 

Sal  Graziano 
Ron  Ramsden 
Rueben  Radke 


Bubble  Raft 

Electrets 

Ground  Effect 
Macliine 


Mining  and 

Metallurgy 

Electrical 

Aeronautical  and 
Astronautical 


Shown  to  the  right  is  Bob  Siddall  pointing  out  electron  micrographs 
in  connection  \\ith  Roy  Adams'  first  place  exhibit. 


'""'ES  THE  ASUHStUf., 

EDOE     DISIOC.TIOIIS    tHO    (jm,, 
BOUM0»RIES     MH    BE   OeSEBVta 


na 


Category  II 


The  prizes  in  this  categor>-  \\ere  given  for  the  displa\s  that  best 
describe  the  academic  life  of  an  undergraduate  engineer  in  a  given 
field  at  the  U  of  I. 

1st  place       David  Miller  What  is  an  ME       Mechanical 

2nd  place     David  McClure      Beam-Wave  Elecbical 

Guide 

Energy  Ci\il 

Dissipator 

Measuring  the         Physics 

speed  of  light 

As  part  of  his  exhibit  consisting  of  two  display  boards  and  a  demon- 
stration of  a  transmission,  emphasizing  the  ME's  role  in  its  design 
and  use,  Dave  Miller  points  out  some  of  the  opportunities  in 
Mechanical  Engineering  to  interested  high  school  students,   (left) 


3rd  place      Dale  Mereditli 
Bernard  Jackson 


Category 


The  prizes  in  this  category  were  given  for  the  displays  that  best  tell 
w  hat  the  profession  of  engineering  is  and  how  the  engineer  relates 
to  our  society. 

1st  place       Ron  Kessner  Graduate  GE's        General 

2nd  place     Peter  Bloome  Soil  &  Water  Agricultural 

Conservation 
3rd  place      Ken  Archambault   Tape  recorder         General 

Curriculum 

Display 

The  Tech  photographer  found  Lois  Backer,  a  general  engineering 
sophomore,  surveying  Ron  Kessner's  pictorial  presentation  of  the 
GE  department's  graduates  and  their  work,  (right) 


THE  GENERAL  EN( 


APRIL,    1964 


BUBBLES,  BUBBLES 


Toil  and  Troubles 


by   Richard   Langrehr 


Engineering  research  on  a  specific  subject  is  rarely 
confined  to  one  University  or  industrial  research  center. 
In  fact  two  or  more  centers  often  work  jointly  on  a  com- 
plex project,  each  specializing  according  to  talent  and 
facilities.  Such  a  cooperative  research  project  is  currently 
being  conducted  on  elementary  nuclear  particles  by  the 
University  of  California  at  Berkeley  and  the  University 
of  Ilhnois.  This  particular  research  program  uses  a  Cali- 
fornia bubble  chamber  and  an  Illinois  particle  path 
analyser  called  the  Scanning  and  Measuring  Projector. 

The  bubble  chamber  is  used  in  high  energy  physics  to 
study  atomic  particles.  The  chamber  at  Berkeley,  for 
example,  consists  of  a  closed  vessel  six  feet  long  and 
seventeen  inches  wide,  filled  with 
liquid  hydrogen.  The  hydrogen,  wliich 
is  under  pressure  to  prevent  boiling, 
is  exposed  to  a  burst  of  high  energy 
particles  from  a  nuclear  accelerator. 
Immediately  before  the  particles 
smash  into  the  hydrogen,  the  pressure 
is    released.    The    hydrogen    becomes 


superheated,  and  as  the  particles  pass  through,  they  leave 
a  visible  string  of  bubbles  in  their  wake.  At  this  point, 
the  chamber  is  illuminated  and  a  picture  is  taken  of  the 
bubble  tracks.  The  liquid  hydrogen  is  then  recompressed 
and  the  process  repeated. 

A  large  number  of  these  bubble  chamber  pictures  are 
sent  to  the  University  of  Illinois  for  analysis.  The  Scan- 
ning and  Measuring  Projector  (SMP)  was  invented  by 
Professor  Luis  Alvarez  of  the  University  of  California 
and  developed  by  Professor  Robert  Hulsizer  of  the  U  of  I 
Physics  Department.  The  SMP  represents  a  significant 
improvement  over  other  forms  of  bubble  scanning 
machines  for  it  is  fast,  cheap,  easy  to  operate,  and  can 
determine  the  coordinates  of  particle 
tracks  to  vdthin  10xlO~''  cm. 

In  the  operation  of  the  SMP  the  film 
from  the  bubble  chamber  machines 
is  projected  onto  a  large,  horizontal, 
glass  plate.  A  screen  with  a  small  hole 
in  the  center  is  then  moved  along  the 
desired  track.  The  coordinates  of  the 


This  photograph,  taken  at  the  University  of 
California  bubble  chamber,  shows  the  tracks  made 
by  atomic  particles  in  superheated  liquid 
hydrogen. 


track  are  obtained  by  an  ingenious  photoelectric  device 
which  is  triggered  when  light  is  scattered  by  a  bubble. 
These  coordinates  then  go  directly  into  a  computer  which 
reconstructs  the  shape  of  the  path  in  three  dimensions 
and  begins  analysis  of  it. 

The  computer  itself  commimicates  directly  with  the 
SMP  operator,  telling  him  whether  the  points  it  has  re- 
ceived are  sufficient  to  accurately  determine  the  particle 
track.  This  on-line  communication  is  unique,  for  now  the 
ultimate  responsibility  for  accirracy  rests  solely  with  the 
computer.  After  the  computer  receives  data  from  a  large 
number  of  events,  it  prints  out  such  information  as  the 
difi^erent  types  of  interactions  present,  the  frequency  of 
occurrence  of  certain  collisions,  the  strength  or  weakness 
of  the  interaction,  and  the  resonances  between  two  or 
more  final  state  particles.  Without  this  computer  equip- 


TECHNOGRAPH 


trill     f    t    t  f  1 


J    ,    ,     PATH  OF 
/   //SCREEN 

X.  I    I    I   I    I    I    *• 


SCREEN^ 


photoelectric   de 


;en    of    the    Sconning    and    Measuring    Projector    uses 
to   chart   atomic   particle   paths. 


ment  analysis  of  a  significant  number  of  particle  tracts 
would  be  \'irtually  impossible. 

The  researchers  at  the  University  of  Illinois  are  not  as 
concerned  about  discovering  new  particles  as  they  are 
in  obtaining  and  correlating  data  on  the  large  number 
of  known  particles.  The  particles  that  are  currently  under 
investigation  can  be  divided  into  three  general  categories : 
leptons,  mesons,  and  baryons. 

Leptons,  the  least  massive  particles,  consist  of  elec- 
trons, neutrinos,  and  mu  mesons.  Neutrinos  are  un- 
charged particles  and  are  believed  to  have  zero  mass. 
They  are  important  because  they  appear  to  be  one  of  the 
final  end  products  as  particles  break  up  and  decay  into 
lighter  pieces.  Some  astronomers  have  stated  that  possi- 
bly as  much  as  fifty  percent  of  the  universe  is  ultimateh' 
made  up  of  neutrinos. 

Mu  mesons,  on  the  other  hand,  have  a  mass  in  between 
that  of  the  electron  and  proton  and  were  discovered  in 
an  attempt  to  understand  the  binding  forces  in  the  atom- 
ic nucleus.  It  was  suggested  in  1932  that  these  bind- 
ing forces  were  due  to  a  new  particle  which  \\'as  con- 
tinuously exchanged  between  the  neutrons  and  protons. 

Upon  further  investigation,  however,  it  was  discovered 
that  the  mu  mesons  were  not  responsible  for  nuclear 
binding  and  a  new  particle,  the  pi  meson,  was  discovered. 
The  pi  mesons,  along  with  K  mesons,  make  up  the  second 
general  category  of  atomic  particles,  the  mesons.  The  K 
and  pi  mesons  are  more  complicated  and  more  massive 
than  the  leptons.  According  to  the  present  atomic  theory, 
it  is  beliexed  tliat  protons  and  neutrons  are  continuously 


exchanging  positive,  negative,  and  neutral  pi  mesons  and 
that  this  interchange  is  responsible  for  the  strong  nuclear 
forces. 

Baryons,  the  third  basic  group  of  elementary  particles, 
are  the  most  massive  and  consist  primarly  of  protons, 
neutrons,  and  many  varieties  of  hyperons.  Little  is  known 
of  the  hj'perons— no  one  really  knows  why  they  exist  or 
u  hat  they  really  are.  They  are  more  massive  than  neu- 
trons and,  accordingly,  cannot  be  fragments  of  known 
atomic  particles. 

Each  of  the  particles  presented  above  has  its  own  anti- 
particle.  A  particle  and  an  anti-particle  have  the  same 
mass  and  lifetime,  but  equal  and  opposite  charges.  When 
two  anti-particles  meet,  they  annihilate  each  other,  either 
radiating  electromagnetic  energy  or  forming  a  number 
of  lighter  particles. 

Researchers  at  Berkeley  and  the  U  of  I  and  other  uni- 
versities hope  that  after  collecting  and  processing  data 
from  billions  of  particle  collisions,  they  might  better 
understand  the  nature  of  these  atomic  particles  and  ob- 
tain better  theories  to  explain  atomic  behavior.         ♦  ♦  ♦ 


(See  Scientific  American,  Feb.  1964,  for  a  more  compre- 
hensive study  of  nuclear  particles.) 


lunicating  with  the  computer  via  a  typewriter  is  one  of  the  tasks 
ed  by  Mr.  Singh  Sowhney,  on  SMP  operotor.  In  front  of  Mr. 
is  the  glass  plate  on  which  bubble  chamber  film  is  projected. 


APRIL,    1964 


19 


DON'T  BE  SATISFIED  WITH    A 


\\ 


PIECE"  OF  A  CAREER 


\    ^-J    JNVESTIGATION  J 


IT  MAY  NOT  FIT 
IN  YOUR  FUTURE 

Although  speciahzation  may  lead  to  a  job, 
it  takes  breadth  of  experience  to  build  a 
career.  Following  a  too-specialized  path  in 
engineering  may  "freeze"  your  progress  or 
even  lead  to  a  dead  end.  That's  why  Wis- 
consin Electric  Power  Company  encourages 
varied  assignments  and  lateral  transfers  to 
provide  experience  vital  to  the  successful 
handling  of  higher  level  responsibilities. 


WISCONSIN    ELECTRIC    POWER    COMPANY 

SYSTEM 

Wisconsin  Electric  Power  Co.        Wisconsin  MIcliigan  Power  Co.        Wisconsin  Natural  Gas  Co. 

MILWAUKEE,   WIS.  APPLETON,   WIS.  RACINE,   WIS. 


20 


TECHNOGRAPH 


FOUNDRY 

(Continued  from  Page  7) 

dling  equipment,  completion  of  tlic 
basic  metallurgical  laboratory,  and 
completion  of  individual  spaces  for 
laboratory  investigations. 

The  entire  U  of  I  foundry  facility  is 
available  for  laboratory  investigation. 
Any  sophomore,  junior,  or  senior  with 
the  consent  of  his  advisor  can  enroll 
in  ME  293,  a  three  hour  special  prob- 
lems course  wliich  can  be  taken  in 
any  of  several  laboratories  on  the 
campus  including  the  foundry.  Each 
student  is  left  to  organize  and  carr>- 
out  his  chosen  investigation  and  to 
write  a  paper  which  is  turned  in  for 
grading  and  held  for  department  file. 

The  foundry  process  presents  a 
multitude  of  interesting  investigations 
on  both  the  graduate  and  the  under- 
graduate levels.  There  is  much  work 
to  be  done  in  the  area  of  thermodv- 
namics,  such  as  research  on  the  cool- 
ing rates  of  castings  poured  into  molds 
of  various  compositions.  Under  con- 
trolled conditions  a  casting  can  actu- 
ally be  heat  treated  while  cooling  in 
the  mold. 

Another  interesting  area  of  investi- 
gation lies  in  the  technique  of  vibrat- 
ing molten  metal  as  it  is  being  poured 
into  a  casting.  This  is  done  in  the 
interest  of  improving  physical  prop- 
erties. 

The  continuous  measiuement  of 
temperature  of  molten  iron  and  steel, 
the  Shaw  Process,  testing  of  different 
combinations  of  molding  sands  and 
additives,  the  ionization  of  sand  to 
control  moisture,  and  melting  tech- 
niques are  all  but  a  few  of  the  main- 
areas  open  for  investigation  for  which 
we  ha\e  or  can  obtain  complete  fa- 
cilities. 

Laboratory  investigations  (includ- 
ing those  conducted  by  undergradu- 
ates )  dealing  with  the  foundry  process 
are  in  great  demand  by  the  foundr\' 
industry. 

The  complex  materials  fabricating 
problems  presented  by  the  aerospace 
age  have  created  in  the  metals  casting 
industry  an  atmosphere  rich  in  en- 
thusiasm. The  U  of  I  foundry  and  its 
staff  are  no  exception.  Professor  Leach 

(Continued  on  Page  22) 


Laser  Leadership 

50-Megawatt  Giant  Pulse  LASER 

Extremely  high  LASER  Power,  Commercially  Proved  ...  is  provided  by  the 
KORAD  K-10.  This  LASER  is  a  0-spoiled  ruby  oscillator  that  produces  a 
minimum  peak  output  power  of  50  megawatts  in  a  10  to  20  nanosecond  pulse. 

RISE  TIME 3  to  5  nanoseconds 

PULSE  ENERGY 1  joule  (approx.) 

BEAM  DIVERGENCE 7  milliradians 

The  K-IQ  may  conveniently  be  used  as  a  long-pulse  oscillator  or  as  an 
amplifier.  Narrower  beam  widths  are  available. 
KORAD  products  include: 

Long-pulse  LASERS  (non-cryogenic) 

Calibrated  LASER  Detectors  and  Calorimeters 

GaAs  Coherent  and  Incoherent  Light  Sources, with  Pulsars  and  Dewars 

Fluid-cooled  LASERS  for  High  Repetition  Rate 

LASER  oscillator-amplifier  combinations  producing  much  higher 

powers  are  available  on  custom  order. 

Write  for  information  and  specifications 


APRIL,    1964 


21 


FOUNDRY  OPPORTUNITY 

(Continued  from  Page  21) 

and  his  staflF  are  always  glad  to  take 
time  out  to  discuss  various  aspects  of 
the  foundry  and  to  offer  assistance  to 
students  interested  in  foundry  labora- 
tory investigations.  Professor  Leach 
says,  "We  show  a  minimum  of  'iron- 
hand'  ruling  around  here.  We're  all 
too  interested  in  what  we're  doing  to 
worry  about  that."  This  atmosphere 
cannot  help  but  provide  an  enjoyable 
place  for  individual  study.  Through 
laboratory  investigations  and  research 
projects,  the  U  of  I  can  play  an  im- 
portant role  in  meeting  the  interesting 
and  rewarding  challenges  of  the  mod- 
ern foundry  industry.  ♦  ♦  ♦ 

A  PROFESSIONAL  LIFETIME 

(Continued  from  Page  14) 

way  of  learning  than  by  doing,  and 
this  is  what  JETS  attempts  to  do  with 
the  participating  students. 

JETS  National  Headquarters  pro- 
vides a  monthly  Journal  geared  to  the 
high  school  student.  In  each  issue  a 
given  field  of  engineering  is  thorough- 
ly explored  with  bibliographical  notes 
and  suggestions  for  projects  and 
papers  in  the  given  field.  During  the 
year,  nine  different  fields  of  engineer- 
ing are  covered.  A  National  Engineer- 
ing Aptitude  Search  is  held  each  year 
through  a  battery  of  tests  given  to 
interested  yoimgsters  between  the  7th 
and  12th  grades.  These  tests  help  to 
evaluate  aptitudes  toward  an  engi- 
neering career.  Once  a  year,  early  in 
the  fall,  students  participating  in  the 
JETS  program  are  brought  together 
at  a  Leadership  Conference  to  make 
plans  for  the  year's  events.  Early  in 
the  spring,  a  state-wide  exposition  and 


conference  is  held  at  which  time  stu- 
dents present  their  projects  and  re- 
search papers.  The  best  are  then 
recommended  for  presentation  at  the 
National  Exposition  and  Conference 
which  this  year  will  be  held  in  New 
York  City  in  conjunction  with  the 
^^■orld's  Fair.  During  the  summer,  op- 
portimities  are  given  to  interested 
students  to  learn  first-hand  what  a 
college  education  for  engineering  en- 
tails. Various  two-week  summer  pro- 
grams sponsored  by  the  State  of 
Illinois  JETS  and  leading  colleges  of 
engineering  within  the  State  are  held 
for  the  benefit  of  students  who  have 
completed  their  junior  year  in  high 
school.  Scholarships  are  available  for 
students  wishing  to  attend  who  show 
financial  need. 

JETS  membership  is  also  available 
on  an  individual  basis  in  cases  where 
there  is  not  enough  interest  in  the 
high  school  to  organize  a  full-fleged 
chapter. 

The  Illinois  Society  of  Professional 
Engineers  is  one  of  the  most  active 
backers  of  the  JETS  program.  The 
engineers  throughout  the  State  help 
local  chapters  and  individual  members 
learn  what  the  engineering  profession 
is  all  about.  Industry  contributes  most 
generously  to  the  various  activities 
associated  with  JETS  and  helps 
through  financial  contributions  to  pre- 
sent an  outstanding  program  to  high 
school  youngsters. 

At  the  high  schools,  JETS  members 
benefit  immensely  from  such  a  pro- 
gram. It  helps  them  to  determine 
what  the  engineering  profession  de- 
mands of  its  members.  Students  par- 
ticipating in  JETS  are  also  encouraged 
to  look  at  other  professions.  By  fol- 


lowing an  activity  like  JETS,  a  student 
graduating  from  high  school  and  mak- 
ing plans  for  a  college  education  may 
be  assured  that  he  has  explored  one 
of  the  possible  professions  and  has 
been  helped  to  make  a  wise  and  well- 
balanced  choice  for  what  he  wishes 
to  do  during  his  40  productive  years 
after  completing  a  college  education. 
♦♦♦ 

Professor  Tykociner  Honored 
by  IEEE 

Professor  Joseph  T.  Tykociner  of 
the  University's  Electrical  Engineer- 
ing Department,  pioneer  in  radio  and 
electronics  and  inventor  of  sound-on- 
film  movies,  has  been  elected  to  the 
grade  of  Fellow  by  the  Institute  of 
Electrical  and  Electronic  Engineers. 
The  certificate  of  Fellow  was  pre- 
sented to  Professor  Tykociner  at  the 
March  17th  meeting  in  Decatur. 

Professor  Tykociner  is  cited  "for  his 
pioneer  contributions  to  radio  sci- 
ence."  He  has  been  connected  with 
radio  from  the  early  days,  working 
both  with  Marconi  in  England  and 
Popoff  in  Russia.  He  came  to  America 
in  1920  and  to  the  U  of  I  in  1921. 

His  first  project  at  the  University 
was  variable-density  sound  recording 
and  sound-on-film  motion  pictures 
which  he  demonstrated  in  1922.  In 
another  project  he  contributed  to  an- 
tenna developments  and  was  one  of 
the  first  to  use  models  operating  at 
higher  frequencies. 

As  reported  in  the  February  issue 
of  TECHNOGRAPH,  Professor  Tyko- 
ciner recently  came  out  of  retirement 
to  teach  Zetetics,  the  science  of  re- 
search, the  culmination  of  more  than 
25  years  of  development  and  study. 


SUMMER  JOBS 

for  STUDENTS 

NEW  S'64  directory  lists  20,000  summer  job  openings 
in  50  states.  MALE  or  FEMALE.  Unprecedented  re- 
search for  students  includes  exact  pay  rates  and  job 
details.  Names  employers  and  their  addresses  for  hiring 
in  industry,  summer  camps,  national  parks,  resorts,  etc., 
etc.,  etc.  hHurry!!  jobs  filled  early.  Send  two  dollars. 
Satisfaction  guaranteed.  Send  to:  Summer  Jobs  Direc- 
tory— P.  O.  Box  13593 — Phoenix,  Arizona. 


JOBS  ABROAD 

STUDENTS  &  TEACHERS 

Largest  NEW  directory.  Lists  hundreds  of  permanent 
career  opportunities  in  Europe,  South  America,  Africa 
and  the  Pacific,  for  MALE  or  FEMALE.  Totals  50  coun- 
tries. Gives  specific  addresses  and  names  prospective 
U.S.  employers  with  foreign  subsidiaries.  Exceptionally 
high  pay,  free  travel,  etc.  In  addition,  enclosed  vital 
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ment. Satisfaction  guaranteed.  Send  two  dollars  to  jobs 
Abroad  Directory — P.  O.  Box  13593 — Phoenix,  Arizona. 


22 


TECHNOGRAPH 


<^!^ 


FORCINGS 

ELIMINATED 

REJECTS  ON 

THIS 

EARTHMOVER 

HUB... 

and  cut  cost  16% 


Originally,  ttiis  earthmover  wheel  hub  was  not  a  forging.  Now  it  is 
forged  in  steel.  Here's  why  .  .  . 

While  reviewing  costs  of  the  original  part,  the  earthmover  manu- 
facturer discovered  that:  (1)  Cost  of  the  hub  was  too  high;  (2) 
rejection  rates  during  machining  were  high  because  of  voids  and 
inclusions;  and  (3)  hidden  flaws  required  costly  salvage  operation. 

By  converting  to  forged  steel  hubs,  the  manufacturer  has  saved 
16%,  has  completely  eliminated  rejects  and  repairs  of  parts  in 
process,  has  achieved  100%  reliability  of  the  part. 

Forgings  have  greater  inherent  reliability  and  strength  because 
they: 

1.  Are  solid,  void-free  metal 

2.  Have  higher  resistance  to  fatigue 

3.  Are  strongest  in  withstanding  impact  and  sudden  loao 

4.  Have  high  modulus  of  elasticity 

5.  Have  low  mechanical  hysteresis 

6.  Have  unique  stress-oriented  fiber  structure 


Memo  to  future  engineers: 

"Make  it  lighter  and  make  it  stronger"  is 
the  demand  today.  No  other  metalworking 
process  meets  these  two  requirements  so 
well  as  the  forging  process.  Be  sure  you 
know  all  about  forgings.  their  design  and 
production.  Write  for  Case  History  No.  104, 
with  engineering  data  on  the  earthmover 
hub  forging  shown  above, 

DROP  FORGING 
ASSOCIATION 

55  Public  Square     •     Cleveland  13,  Ohio 

When  it's  a  vital  part,  design  it  to  be 


^QKQmm 


APRIL,    1964 


23 


To  the  Editor: 

The  October  issue  of  your  magazine 
has  reached  me  and  I  appreciated  re- 
ceiving it. 

The  article  on  "A  Decade  of 
Achievement  in  India"  on  pages  32 
6c  33  is  quite  naturally  of  special  in- 
terest. However,  it  attributes  more 
credit  to  me  than  I  really  deserve.  The 
Agricultural  Engineering  Department 
at  the  Indian  Institute  of  Technology 
Kharagpur  is  the  second  Department 
in  India.  The  Allahabad  Agricultural 
Institute  organized  an  Agricultural 
Engineering  Department  as  early  as 
1940  under  the  guidance  of  Professor 
Mason  Vaugh.  An  Agricultural  En- 
gineering Graduate  from  the  Univer- 
sity of  Missouri,  he  served  as  a 
missionary  in  India  for  many  years. 
He  now  is  known  as  Father  of  Agri- 
cultural Engineering  in  India.  I  had 
only  a  small  part  in  designing  the  new 
Agricultural  Engineering  building  and 
in  organizing  the  staff  and  curricula 
at  the  Indian  Institute  of  Technology 
Kharagpur.  Professor  Pandya  who  is 
now  Department  Head  there  helped 
me  and  continued  to  develop  the  de- 
partment. 

Best  wishes  for  a  successful  year 
for  the  Technograph. 

Ralph  C.  Hay 
Advisor  to  Dean 

To  tlie  Editor: 

Recently,  I  was  in  the  EE  Building 
for  my  third  visit  in  over  a  semester. 
I  was  looking  for  my  new  counselor's 
office.  He  was  not  in,  but  I  did  see 
several  posters  advertising  Engineer- 
ing Open  House.  If  I  had  not  vaguely 
remembered  it  being  mentioned  in 
my  general  engineering  lecture  last 
semester,  I  might  not  have  known 
what  it  was  about.  From  what  little 
I  have  heard  about  it,  it  must  be  an 
attempt  to  show  prospective  engineers 
what  engineering  is  like.  If  this  is  the 
case,  I  want  to  be  sure  and  see  it  to 
find  out  something  about  my  major. 
However,  it  seems  a  bit  odd  that  the 


NEW  CAREER  FRONTIER 

in  Israel 
FELLOXA/SHIPS 

For  Graduates  in  Industrial  Engineering 
and  Business  Administration 

Are  you  receiving  your  Bachelor  or 
Masters  Degree  in  Industrial  Engineer- 
ing or  Business  Administration  in  1964? 
If  so  ... 

This  fellowship  program  offers  you  on- 
the-job  experience  in  diversified  industrial 
problems,  valuable  experience  in  foreign 
markets,  and  the  adventure  of  working  in 
a  dynamic,  progressive  country. 
While  employed,  special  arrangements  are 
made  for  you  to  pursue  post  graduate 
studies  leading  to  a  MSc  or  Dsc  degree  at 
the  Technion— Institute  of  Technology— 
at   Haifa. 

LOCAL  INTERVIEWS 

WILL  BE  CONDUCTED  BY  ISRAELI 

representative    in    the    near    future.    To 

arrange  an  appointment  in  your  school, 

Rush  resume  to: 

Mrs.  M.  Kabat,  Exec.  Secty.  Fellowship  Program 

COMOI 

515  Park  Ave.,  New  York  22,  N.  Y. 
2 12,  PL  2-0600 


College  of  Engineering  should  go  to 
such  lengths  to  educate  outsiders 
about  engineering  when  it  might  do 
so  much  with  its  own  underclassmen. 
Perhaps  the  Technograph  might  do 
more  to  educate  the  incoming  fresh- 
men engineers  about  their  fields  and 
the  activities  within  the  College  of 
Engineering.  Who  knows?  Some  of 
us  might  even  help  with  Open  House. 
Jack  F.  Ellis  III 
Electrical  Engineering 

To  the  Editor: 

The  doubts  voiced  by  Jay  Lipke 
concerning  our  new  surveying  cur- 
riculum in  CE  may  be  valid.  (See 
SUR\'EYING  GETS  THE  AX,  Jan- 
uary Technograph.)  A  recent  article, 
THE  NEED  FOR  A  STRONG  CUR- 
RICULUM, in  the  January  issue  of 
the  Journal  of  Engineerii^g  Education 
discussed  this  problem  in  great  detail. 

Carl  F.  Meyer,  author  of  the  latter 
article  and  Professor  of  Civil  Eng. 
at  Worcester  Polytechnic  Institute, 
said,  "I  know  of  no  better  way  of 
training  the  student  to  visualize  the 


true  significance  of  the  lines  he  draws 
so  easily  on  a  map  than  to  lay  out 
the  project  on  the  ground  and  to 
'walk  it'  with  his  eyes  open  to  the 
practical  effects  of  various  proposals. 
A  few  weeks  on  such  projects  will 
do  more  to  bring  into  focus  and  to 
solidify  in  the  minds  of  students  the 
close,  indispensable  relation  between 
surveying  and  civil  engineering  than 
all  the  exhortations  delivered  in  class- 
room lectures." 

In  view  of  the  statements  in  the 
latter  article,  I  would  be  interested 
to  know  what  considerations  the  Col- 
lege believes  outweigh  the  benefits 
of  on-the-job  experience. 

Chuck  Oliver 
Civil  Engineering 

American  Foundry  Society 

Meeting 

April  22,  mini  Union, 

Room  253 

The  annual  "Industrial  Night." 

Mr.  Dunlap  from 

General  Motors  will  speak. 


24 


TECHNOGRAPH 


After  McNair  designs  it, 
Kelly  has  to  manufacture  it 


In  the  broad  spectrum  of  engineers  and  scientists  we  con- 
stantly seek,  we  can  use  more  manufacturing  engineers  like 
Edward  Joseph  Kelly  (right,  six  years  out  of  Tufts  this 
June).  Mark  well  the  distinction  between  Kelly's  responsi- 
bility and  that  of  his  opponent  in  the  debate  pictured.  Out 
of  it  upon  completion  of  their  differing  assignments  will 
come  a  photographic  information  storage  and  retrieval 
device  that  will  bear  our  "Recordak"  trademark,  well  known 
in  banking  and  other  busine.sses. 

Dave  McNair  has  determined  how  the  mechanical,  optical, 
and  electrical  components  and  subassemblies  have  to  work 
and  fit  together  for  the  equipment  to  do  its  job.  He  has 
come  up  with  a  working  model.  Management  likes  it. 

Enter  Kellv.  His  task;  to  tell  us  exactlv  down  to  the  last 


detail  what  we  have  to  do  to  multiply  McNair's  working 
model  by  .v,  a  number  chosen  by  the  marketing  people.  To 
make  the  production-run  machines  work  not  merely  as  well 
as  McNair's  hand-built  one,  but  better.  To  decide  which 
parts  we  should  buy  and  which  we  should  make.  To  specify 
the  tooling  for  the  parts  we  make.  To  specify  also  the  tools 
for  assembly  and  inspection.  To  design  the  fabrication  proc- 
esses. Better  than  just  designing  the  processes,  to  see  the 
need  for  a  process  which  no  previous  manufacturing  engineer 
had  realized  was  needed  and  which  happens  to  make  the 
product  an  irresistible  bargain  for  the  ultimate  user  and  a 
money-maker  for  us. 

We  need  that  kind  of  manufacturing  engineer  so  that  we 
can  teach  him  how  to  run  a  big  business. 


EASTMAN  KODAK  COMPANY, 

Business  and  Technical  Personnel  Department,  Rochester,  N.Y.  1-1G.")0 
An  equal-opportunity  employer  offering  a  choice  of  three  communities: 

Rochester,  N.Y.,  Kingsport,  Tenn.,  and  Long\iew,  Tex. 


Kodak 


Define  Your  Career  Objectives! 


An  interview  witli  W.  Scott  Hill,  Manager— Engineering  Recruiting,  General  Electric  Co. 


W.  Scoll  Hill 


Q.  Mr.  Hill,  when  is  the  best  time  to 
begin  making  decisions  on  my  career 
objectives? 

A.  When  you  selected  a  technical 
discipline,  you  made  one  of  your 
important  career  decisions.  This  de- 
fined the  general  area  in  which  you 
will  probably  begin  your  professional 
worl<,  whether  in  a  job  or  through 
further  study  at  the  graduate  level. 


Q.  Can  you  suggest  some  factors  that 
might   influence   my  career   choice? 

A.  By  the  time  you  have  reached 
your  senior  year  in  college,  you  know 
certain  things  about  yourself  that 
are  going  to  be  important.  If  you 
have  a  strong  technical  orientation 
and  like  problem  solving,  there  are 
many  good  engineering  career 
choices  in  all  functions  of  industry: 
design  and  development;  manufac- 
turing and  technical  marketing.  If 
you  enjoy  exploring  theoretical  con- 
cepts, perhaps  research — on  one  of 
the  many  levels  to  be  found  in  in- 
dustry—is a  career  choice  to  con- 
sider. And  don't  think  any  one  area 


offers  a  great  deal  more  opportunity 
for  your  talent  than  another.  They  all 
need  top  creative  engineering  skill 
and  the  ability  to  deal  successfully 
with   people. 


Q.  After  I've  evaluated  my  own  abil- 
ities, how  do  I  judge  realistically 
what  I  can  do  with  them? 

A.  I'm  sure  you're  already  getting 
all  the  information  you  can  on  ca- 
reer fields  related  to  your  discipline. 
Don't  overlook  your  family,  friends 
and  acquaintances,  especially  re- 
cent graduates,  as  sources  of  informa- 
tion. Have  you  made  full  use  of  your 
faculty  and  placement  office  for 
advice?  Information  is  available  in 
the  technical  journals  and  society 
publications.  Read  them  to  see  what 
firms  are  contributing  to  advance- 
ment in  your  field,  and  how.  Review 
the  files  in  your  placement  office 
for  company  literature.  This  can  tell 
you  a  great  deal  about  openings  and 
programs,  career  areas  and  company 
organization. 

Q.  Can  you  suggest  what  criteria  I 
can  apply  in  relating  this  information 
to  my  own  career  prospects? 

A.  In  appraising  opportunities,  apply 
criteria  important  to  you.  Is  location 
important?    What    level    of    income 


would  you  like  to  attain?  What  is  the 
scope  of  opportunity  of  the  firm 
you'll  select?  Should  you  trade  off 
starting  salary  against  long-term 
potential?  These  are  things  you  must 
decide  for  yourself. 


Q.  Can  companies  like  General  Elec- 
tric assure  me  of  a  correct  career 
choice? 

A.  It  costs  industry  a  great  deal  of 
money  to  hire  a  young  engineer  and 
start  him  on  a  career  path.  So,  very 
selfishly,  we'll  be  doing  everything 
possible  to  be  sure  at  the  beginning 
that  the  choice  is  right  for  you.  But 
a  bad  mistake  can  cost  you  even 
more  in  lost  time  and  income.  Gen- 
eral Electric's  concept  of  Person- 
alized Career  Planning  is  to  recog- 
nize that  your  decisions  will  be 
largely  determined  by  your  individ- 
ual abilities,  inclinations,  and  am- 
bitions. This  Company's  unusual  di- 
versity offers  you  great  flexibility 
in  deciding  where  you  want  to  start, 
how  you  want  to  start  and  what  you 
want  to  accomplish.  You  will  be  en- 
couraged to  develop  to  the  fullest 
extent  of  your  capability— to  achieve 
your  career  objectives,  or  revise 
them  as  your  abilities  are  more  fully 
revealed  to  you.  Make  sure  you  set 
your  goals  realistically.  But  be  sure 
you   don't   set   your   sights   too    low. 


FOR  MORE  INFORMATION  on  G.E.'s  concept  of  Personalized  Career  Planning,  and  for 
material  that  will  help  you  define  your  opportunity  at  General  Electric,  write  Mr.  Hill  at 
this  address:  General   Electric  Co.,  Section  699-10,  Schenectady,  N.  Y.   12305. 


GENERAL 


ELECTRIC 


An  Equal  Opportunity  Empto 


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