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THE

ANGLICAN

ORDINAL

FRQM THE LIBRARY OF

TRINITY COLLEGE

THE

ANGLICAN ORDINAL,

ANNOTATED AND ARRANGED

FOR USE AT ORDINATIONS,

COMBINED OR SINGLE.

BLOMFIELD JACKSON, M.A.,

EXAMINING CHAPLAIN TO THE BISHOP OF ST. ALBANS.

PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE TRACT COMMITTEE.

OCT 21995

LONDON :
SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE,

NORTHUMBERLAND AVENUE, W.C.; 43, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET, E.G.

BRIGHTON: 129, NORTH STREET.

NEW YORK : E. & J. B. YOUNG & CO.

1897-

PREFACE.

IT has seemed that the Ordinal of the Church of
England thus annotated and arranged might be of
use. In selecting patristic and liturgical illustrations
I have been much indebted to Canon Bailey's
valuable Rituale Anglo-Catholicum. For some im
portant suggestions my thanks are specially due
to the late Canon Churton, to the Rev. J. H. Maude,

and to the Rev. H. Gee.

B. J.

Michaelmas, 1897.

A 2

CONTENTS.

PAGE

THE USE OF ST. ALBANS . ... 5

DECLARATION AND OATH . . . . .6
ARTICLES AND CANONS CONCERNING ORDINATION

ARTICLE XXIII ... . . 7

XXXVI . .8

CANONS XXXI-XXXV . . 9

BIDDING PRAYER ..... -13

INTRODUCTION .... 15

THE ORDINAL . ... .24

INDEX 86

NOTES OF CUSTOMS AT PRESENT
OBSERVED AT ORDINATION SER
VICES IN THE DIOCESE OF ST.
ALBANS.

H Candidates attend Morning Prayer unvested. They vest imme
diately after Morning Prayer in cassock, surplice, and hood ;
those to be ordained Deacons carrying their stoles with them,
those to be ordained Priests wearing their stoles over the left
shoulder.

IF The Ordination Service p roper begins with the Bidding Prayer
(p. 13) and Sermon.

U After the Sermon the Preacher comes back to his place.

IF On the return of the Preacher to his place the candidates for
Deacon's Orders are fetched by an Examining Chaplain, who
precedes them to the step in front of the Bishop, and there pre
sents them.

IF The Deacons then return to their places, and an Examining
Chaplain in like manner presents the candidates for Priest's
Orders.

IF After the Epistle the candidates for Deacons Orders come to
the Altar-step, the Gospel-Deacon last.

If Immediately after the Ordination of the Gospel-Deacon he comes
within the rails and reads the Gospel.

IF The Deacons then return to their places, and the candidates
for Priest's Orders stand before the Altar-rail, leaving a clear
space before the Bishop.

^F As each Priest is Ordered, he kneels at the Altar-rail, and
remains in his place there until he has received the Communion.

N. B. — The Bishop requests that all Priests who take part in the
"Laying on of Hands," should come into the Sacrarium, if not
before the beginning of the Communion Service, at least imme
diately before the Veni Creator is sung, and that they should then
stand on the right and left of the Bishop, facing the Candidates,

6 THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL.

and should continue so standing during the Veni Creator, and the
Prayer which immediately follows. If there is not room for them
in the Sacrarium, they should return to their places immediately
after the Ordination and before the Nicene Creed is sung.

To avoid undue crowding it may be remarked that while it is
desirable that Priests should touch the head of the ordinand, it
may suffice that they extend their hands over his head.

[Cassock from Ital. casacca = coat. Latin casa = house VSKAD
cover. Surplice fromLat. superpelliceum, orig. an "over-leathern"
garment. Stole from Gk. ffToXrj = garb, used from the ninth
century for the orarium, of uncertain derivation, but probably
originally the kerchief for the os, oris = face. Hood = Germ. hut.
^/KAT — hide, a covering for the head, first narrowed to monastic
use, and later, as now, to the academic.]

Declaration to be made and subscribed, and oath to be
taken and subscribed, by all persons who are to be
ordained Deacon or Priest. Vide 28 & 29 Viet. chap.

122.

I, M. N., about to be admitted to the Holy Order of , do

solemnly make the following Declaration : — I assent to the Thirty-
nine Articles of Religion, and to the Book of Common Prayer, and
of the Ordering of Bishops, Priests, and Deacons. I believe the
Doctrine of the Church of England, as therein set forth, to be
agreeable to the Word of God : and in Public Prayer and Adminis
tration of the Sacraments I will use the Form in the said Book
prescribed, and none other, except so far as shall be ordered by law
ful authority.

I, M. N., about to be admitted to the Holy Order of , do

swear that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to Her Majesty
Queen Victoria, her heirs and successors, according to law. So
help me God.

Every Clergyman about to be licensed to any curacy
has to take the Oath of Canonical Obedience to the
Bishop, and make the Declaration of Assent.

THE OATH OF CANONICAL OBEDIENCE. — I, A. B., do swear that

I will pay true and canonical obedience to the Lord Bishop of ,

and his successors, in all things lawful and honest. So help me God.

ARTICLES AND CANONS
CONCERNING ORDINATION.

ARTICLE XXIII.

Nemo in Ecclesia ministret nisi uocatu?.

Non licet cuiquaui surnere sibi niunus publice
praedicandi, aut administrandi Sacramenta in
Ecclesia., nisi prius fuerit ad haec obeunda legitime
uocatus e.t missus. Atque illos legitime uocatos
et missos existimare debemus, qui per homines,
quibus potestas uocandi Ministros atque mittendi
in uinearn Domini publice concessa est in Ecclesia,
cooptati fuerint et asciti in hoc opus.

Of 'ministry >ng in the congregation.

It is not lawful for any man to take upon hym
the office of publique preachyng, or ministring the
Sacramentes in the congregation, before he be
lawfully called and sent to execute the same. And
those we ought to judge lawfully called and sent,
whiche be chosen and called to this worke by men
who have publique aucthoritie geuen unto them in
the congregation, to call and sende ministers into
the Lorde's vineyarde.

8 THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL.

ARTICLE XXXVI.

J563-

De Episcoporum et Ministrorum consecratione.

Libellus de Consecratione Archiepiscoporum et
Episcoporum et de ordinatione Presbyterorum
et Diaconorum editus nuper temporibus Edwardi
sexti, et autoritate Parlamenti illis ipsis temporibus
confirmatus, omnia ad eiusmodi consecrationem et
ordinationem necessaria continet, et nihil habet
quod ex se sit aut superstitiosum aut impium.
Itaque quicunque iuxta ritus illius libri consecrati
aut ordinati sunt ab Anno secundo praedicti Regis
Edwardi, usque ad hoc tempus, aut in posterum
iuxta eosdem ritus consecrabuntur aut ordina-
buntur rite, ordine, atque legitime, statuimus esse
et fore consecrates et ordinatos.

I571-

Of consecration of Bishops and Ministers.
The booke of Consecration of Archbyshops, and
Byshops, and ordering of Priestes and Deacons,
lately set foorth in the time of Edwarde the Sixt,
and confyrmed at the same tyme by aucthoritie
of Parliament, doth conteyne all things necessarie
to suche consecration and orderyng ; ney ther hath it
any thing, that of itselfe is superstitious or vngodly.
And therefore, whosoeuer are consecrate or ordered
accordyng to the rites of that booke, since the
seconde yere of the aforenamed King Edwarde,
vnto this time, or hereafter shal be consecrated
or ordered accordyng to the same rites, we decree
all such to be ryghtly, orderly, and lawfully con
secrated and ordered.

THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL. 9

CANONS XXXI-XXXV.

31. Four solemn Times appointed for the Making
of Ministers.

Forasmuch as the ancient Fathers of the Church,
led by example of the Apostles, appointed prayers
and fasts to be used at the solemn Ordering of
Ministers, and to that purpose allotted certain
times, in which only Sacred Orders might be given
or conferred ; we, following their holy and religious
example, do constitute and decree, that no Deacons
or Ministers be made and ordained, but only upon
the Sundays immediately following leiunia quatuor
tentyorum, commonly called JEmber Weeks, appointed
in ancient time for prayer and fasting, (purposely
for this cause at their first institution,) and so
continued at this day in the Church of England :
and that this be done in the Cathedral or Parish
Church where the Bishop resideth, and in the time
of Divine Service, in the presence not only of the
Archdeacon, but of the Dean and two Prebendaries
at the least, or (if they shall happen by any lawful
cause to be let or hindered) in the presence of four
other grave persons, being Masters of Arts at the
least, and allowed for publick Preachers.

32. None to be made Deacon and Minister both
in one day.

The office of Deacon being a step or degree to
the Ministry, according to the judgement of the
ancient Fathers, and the practice of the primitive
Church ; we do ordain and appoint, that hereafter

IO THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL.

no Bishop shall make any person, of what qualities
or gifts soever, a Deacon and a Minister both
together upon one day ; but that the order in that
behalf prescribed in the Book of making and con
secrating Bishops, Priests, and Deacons be strictly
observed. Not that always every Deacon should
be kept from the Ministry for a whole year, when
the Bishop shall find good cause to the contrary ;
but that there being now four times appointed in
every year for the Ordination of Deacons and
Ministers, there may ever be some time of trial
of their behaviour in the office of Deacon, before
they be admitted to the order of Priesthood.

33. The Titles of such as are to be made Ministers.

It hath been long since provided by many
decrees of the ancient Fathers, that none should be
admitted either Deacon or Priest, who had not
first some certain place where he might use his
function. According to which examples we do
ordain, that henceforth no person shall be admitted
into Sacred Orders except he shall at that time
exhibit to the Bishop, of whom he desireth imposi
tion of hands, a Presentation of himself to some
Ecclesiastical Preferment then void in that diocese ;
or shall bring to the said Bishop a true and
undoubted certificate, that either he is provided of
some Church within the said diocese, where he
may attend the cure of souls, or of some Minister's
place vacant, either in the Cathedral Church of that
diocese, or in some other Collegiate Church therein
also situate, where he may execute his ministry ;

THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL. II

or that he is a Fellow, or in right as a Fellow, or to
be a Conduct or Chaplain in some College in
Cambridge or Oxford ; or except he be a Master
of Aiis of five years' standing, that liveth of his
own charge in either of the Universities ; or except
by the Bishop himself, that doth ordain him
Minister, he be shortly after to be admitted either
to some Benefice or Curateship then void. And if
any Bishop shall admit any person into the
ministry, that hath none of these titles as is afore
said, then he shall keep and maintain him with all
things necessary, till he do prefer him to some
Ecclesiastical Living. And if the said Bishop
shall refuse so to do, he shall be suspended by
the Archbishop, being assisted with another
Bishop, from giving of Orders by the space of
a year.

34. The Quality of such as are to be made
Ministers.

No Bishop shall henceforth admit any person
into Sacred Orders, which is not of his own diocese,
except he be either of one of the Universities of
this realm, or except he shall bring Letters Dimis-
sory (so termed) from the Bishop of whose diocese
he is ; and desiring to be a Deacon, is three and
twenty years old ; and to be a Priest, four and
twenty years complete ; and hath taken some
degree of school in either of the ?aid Universities ;

o •

or at the least, except he be able to yield an account
of his faith in Latin, according to the Articles of
Religion approved in the Synod of the Bishops and

12 THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL.

Clergy of this realm, one thousand five hundred
sixty and two, and to confirm the same by suffi
cient testimonies out of the Holy Scriptures ; and
except moreover he shall then exhibit Letters
Testimonial of his good life and conversation,
under the seal of some College in Cambridge or
Oxford, where before he remained, or of three or
four grave Ministers, together with the subscription
and testimony of other credible persons, who have
known his life and behaviour by the space of
three years next before.

35. The Examinations of such as are to be made
Ministers.

The Bishop, before he admit .any person to Holy
Orders, shall diligently examine him in the
presence of those Ministers that shall assist him
at the imposition of hands : and if the said Bishop
have any lawful impediment, he shall cause the
said Ministers carefully to examine every such
person so to be ordered. Provided, that they who
shall assist the Bishop in examining and laying
on of hands, shall be of his Cathedral Church, if
they may conveniently be had, or other sufficient
Preachers of the same diocese, to the number of
three at the least : and if any Bishop or Suffragan
shall admit any to Sacred Orders who is not so
qualified and examined, as before we have ordained,
the Archbishop of his province, having notice
thereof, and being assisted therein by one Bishop,
shall suspend the said Bishop or Suffragan so
offending, from making either Deacons or Priests
for the space of two years.

THE BIDDING PRAYER.

Ye shall pray for Christ's holy Catholic Church,
that is, for the whole congregation of Christian
people dispersed throughout the whole world, and
especially for the Church of England ; and herein
I require you most especially to pray for the Queen's
most excellent Majesty, our Soveregn Lady Victoria,
by the Grace of GOD Queen of Great Britain and
Ireland, Empress of India, Defender of the Faith,
and supreme governor in these her realms, and all
other her dominions and countries, over all persons,
in all causes, as well ecclesiastical as temporal : Ye
shall also pray for the noble prince Albert Edward,
Prince of Wales, the Princess of Wales, and the
rest of the royal family : Ye shall also pray for the
ministers of God's holy word and sacraments,
and as well Archbishops and Bishops, and here are
we especially bound to pray for ... Lord Archbishop
of this Province, and for ... by Divine permission,
Lord Bishop of this Diocese: Ye shall also pray for
the Queen's most honourable council, and for all the
nobility and magistrates of this realm ; that all and
every of these, in their several callings, may serve
truly and painfully to the glory of God and the
edifying and well-governing of His people, remem
bering the account that they must make : also ye
shall pray for the whole commons of this realm,
that they may live in the true faith and fear of God,

14 THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL.

in humble obedience to the Queen, and brotherly
charity one to another. Finally, let us praise God
for all those which are departed out of this life in
the faith of Christ, and pray unto God that we
may have grace to direct our lives after their good
example ; that, this life ended, we may be made
partakers with them of the glorious resurrection in
the life everlasting.
Our Father, &c.

N.B. Bead, in Chaucer Bede, A. S. Bed,=a Prayer,
connected with Bid, of uncertain root = Pray. Bid,
probably of different etymology, also = command. Bidding
formerly meant both " command " and " Prayer," and it is
probable that Bidding Prayer meant " Command Prayer "
rather than " Praying Prayer." The small perforated balls
called " beads " are so named from having been used in
Prayer. At the Prayer before the Sermon the people were
" bid " to pray for subject after subject and " told " or
reckoned their " beads " as the subjects were successively
" told " off. The form above is that given in the fifty-
fifth Canon of 1604.

INTRODUCTION.

HOLY ORDERS l IN THE BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER
AND ARTICLES.

I. The second Collect for the Ember2 season
and the Collects slightly varied in the Ordination
Services, speak of the divers Orders 3 in the Church

1 The word Orders is derived from the Latin ordo
(possibly from \/AR = rise, go) = row, series, order.
It first appears in Tertullian (de Exhort. Cast, vii) in the
sense of Holy Orders : " The authority of the Church has
established a distinction between order and people." It
was in common use to indicate public office ; e. g. Ordo
Mutinensis, the Senate of Modena, Tac. Hist. ii. 52.
The Greek equivalents nigis and rd-ypn. from rarrw = set in
order, had a similar use (cf. Xen. Mem. ii. i. 7 TT)I> TO>V
*ipXftv /3<;vAo/if i/cof Tagiv), and was first, like ordo. employed
indifferently of any estate of men in the Church, St. Clement
of Rome (§§ xl, xli) writing, " The laity are bound by lay
ordinances ; let each one of you brethren offer Eucharist
to God in his own ' Order.' "

The common name clergy is from clericus, K\T]piKos, of or
belonging to the K\r]pos = lot or heritage, and so the
heritage of God. Applied originally to the whole Church,
as in i Pet. v. 3, it was soon limited to the ministry.

2 i. e. the ymb-ryn or round running, or recurring
seasons. The derivation from " embers " (ashes) or
quatember is wrong.

3 The seven Orders of the Church of Rome are Porter,
Reader, Exorcist, Acolyte, Sub-deacon, Deacon, Priest;
Bishop being regarded as a degi'ee of the presbyterate
and not a distinct Order (Cat. Cone. Trident, ii. 7, 25).
For the pre-eminence of the three Orders of Bishops,

1 6 THE ANGLICAN OEDINAL.

as appointed by Almighty God, of His divine provi
dence, and by His Holy Spirit.

II. The Preface to the Ordinal L specifies Orders
which have existed since the Apostles' time as
Bishops, Priests, and Deacons, and guards against
the possibility of any idea of the starting of a new
ministry, by the phrase " to the intent that these
Orders may be continued 2."

Priests, and Deacons, sometimes marked in the West
as distinctively sacri ordines, cf. Cann. Apost. i and 2,
and Council of Nicaea, c. iii. Restrictions are imposed
on a Bishop, a Priest, or a Deacon, or any one who is of
the clergy.

1 Issued in 1550; see note thereon. Incorporated in
3 & 4 Edw. VI, chap. 12, 5 & 6 Edw. VI, chap, i, and
13 & 14 Car. II, chap. 4. See also 44 Geo. Ill, chap. 43.

2 A Necessary Doctrine and Erudition for any
Chrysten Man, commonly called the King's Book, put
out in 1543, describes Order as "the gyf't or grace of
mynistration in Christ's Church, given of God to Christen
men by the consecration and imposition of the Bishop's
hands. ... To the intent that by ministers duly placed
there may be due spirituall fathers for spirituall gene
ration." " In the English Ordination Service annexed
to the First Prayer Book, and with some important
changes incorporated in our present book, there is certainly
nothing like a wholesale rejection of mediaeval additions.
Not only does our Ordinal follow ancient precedent in
connecting the bestowal of Holy Orders with the celebra
tion of the Holy Communion, and in its strict adherence
to the old rule, long adopted throughout the West,
which requires the presbyterate to join with the Bishop in
the laying on of hands upon a Priest, and three Bishops at
least to take part in the consecration of a Bishop ; not
only does the Anglican Church follow the example of the
ancient Roman Church in limiting the ordination of
Deacons and Priests to the four annual seasons of fasting
and prayer, and the consecration of a Bishop to Sundays
or holy days ; not only do the prayers of the Ordination
Service rest ultimately on the ancient forms ; but we have
retained such late additions as the Veni Creator and the

THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL. 1 7

III. Article XXIII says, " It is not lawful l for
any man to take upon him the office of public
preaching, or ministering the Sacraments to the
Congregation, before he be lawfully called, and sent
to execute the same. And those we ought to judge
lawfully called and sent, which be chosen and called
to this work by men who have publick authority
given unto them in the Congregation [Latin
ecclesia], to call and send Ministers into the Lord's
vineyard."

IV. By the Preface to the Ordinal "men who
have public authority given unto them in the Con
gregation [or Church], to call or send Ministers unto
the Lord's vineyard," are limited to the Bishops,
seeing that they alone are recognized as entrusted
with the duty of ordaining 2.

V. The Preface of 1550 ended thus: — '; It is
requisite that no man (not being at this present
Bishop, Priest, or Deacon) shall execute any of
them, except he be called, tried and examined,
and admitted, according to the form hereafter
following."

In 1662 this was altered to : — ': No man shall be
accounted or taken to be a lawful Bishop, Priest, or
Deacon in the Church of England, or suffered to

Accipe Spiritum Sanctum, and the delivery of a book as
the sign of office " (Swete's Services and Service Books
before the Reformation, p. 207).

1 Enforced by civil statute under penalties until the
passing of the Toleration Act, i Will. & Mary, chap. 18.

2 " Presbyters, though they be sacer dotes, nevertheless
possess not the crown of the Pontificate. It is the special
privilege of Pontiffs (i. e. Bishops) alone that they either
ordain or confer the Holy Spirit (i.e. administer confirma
tion)" (St. Isidore, circa A. D. 620, de Ecc. Off. ii. 7;
cf. Gore, The Church and the Ministry, pp. 115 n., 181).

l8 THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL.

execute any of the said functions, except he be
called, tried, examined, and admitted thereunto,
according to the form hereafter following, or
hath had formerly episcopal consecration or ordi
nation."

The law of the Church of England, therefore,
recognizes the Orders, and, subject to certain con
ditions and statutory provisions1, allows the minis
trations of, Bishops, Priests, and Deacons, conse
crated and ordained in the Churches of Ireland,
Scotland, the Colonies, America, Rome, and the East.

The episcopal succession is also found with the
Jansenists and Old Catholics. On the Church of
Sweden and the Moravians the Report of the
Lambeth Conference of 1897 may be consulted.
The Churches of Denmark, Norway, and the so-
called Methodist Episcopal Church of America
use the name "Bishop" of ministers not episco-
pally ordained.

The ordinations in Presbyterian and other
non-episcopal communities at home and abroad
do not qualify their ministers either ecclesiastically
or legally to take part in the ministrations of the
Church of England.

Luther's view of the ministry, more or less
adopted by several sects since his time, was that
it is merely a subordinate matter of Church
organization, to be started or modified as need
may require. Cf. Luther's Address to the Nobility
of the German Nation, Luther's Primary Works,
ed. Wace, 1896, p. 164.

1 Vide 37 & 38 Victoria, chap. 77, and 27 & 28 Victoria,
chap. 94. See also Blunt and Pliilliinoi e, Church Law,
p. 191.

THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL. 19

The Presbyterian view is strict as to a succession
of ministers ordained by Presbyters.

Up to 1 747 Wesley admitted the historic position.
'•There is, and always was, in every Christian
Church an outward priesthood, ordained by Jesus
Christ, and an outward sacrifice offered by author
ized stewards of the divine mysteries " ( Wesley's
Journal, Dec. 27, 1745). "The three Orders are
plainly described in the New Testament, and they
generally obtained in the Churches of the Apostolic
age" (Minutes of Conference, 1747).

VI. Article XXV excludes Orders from the
category of Sacraments J " ordained of Christ in the
Gospel," and denies it to have ';any visible sign or
ceremony ordained of God," in that Scripture cori-

1 The Homily " of Common Prayer and Sacraments,"
however, says, " As for the number of them, if they should
be considered according to the exact signification of
a Sacrament, viz. for the visible signs expressly t-om-
manded in the New Testament, whereunto is awarded
the promise of free forgiveness of our sin, and of our
holiness and joining in Christ, there be but two, namely,
Baptism and the Supper of the Lord. For although
Absolution hath the promise of forgiveness of sin ; yet by
the expiess word of the New Testament it hath not this
promise annexed and tied to the visible sign, which is
imposition of hands. For this visible sign (I mean laying
on of hands) is not expressly commanded in the New
Testament to be used in Absolution, as the visible sign
in Baptism and the Lord's Supper are; and, therefore,
Absolution is no such Sacrament as Baptism and the
Communion are. And though the Ordering of Ministers
hath this visible sign and promise ; yet it lacks the promise
of remission of sin, as all other Sacraments besides the
two above-named do. Therefore neither it nor any other
Sacrament else, be such Sacraments as Baptism and the
Communion are." Cf. the arrangement of the Title of
the Book of Common Prayer.

t B 2

2O THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL.

tains no record of the imposition of hands being
the outward sign appointed by our Lord, nor can
it be said to be ' generally necessary to salvation "
in the sense in which Baptism and the Eucharist
are generally necessary.

VII. Article XXXVI asserts that the Ordinal
contains all things necessary to " Consecration
and Ordering " (Consecration of Archbishops and
Bishops, and Ordering of Priests and Deacons), and
denies that the Ordinal contains anything that of
itself is " superstitious or ungodly."

It therefore deals with two classes of depreciators :
(L) the Roman or mediaevalist ; (2) the Puritan or
non-catholic.

(i) Roman or mediaevalist objections were not
in many cases held of sufficient force, during the
submission of the realm under Mary I to the Papacy,
to vitiate Orders conferred with the Edwardine
Ordinal1. Nor have they been judged weighty by
foreign scholars like Bossuet (Le Courayer, Preuves
Just, i.), Dollinger (Bonn Conference, 1874, p. 71),
and more recently Duchesne (Bulletin Critique,
July 15, 1894, p. 262). Notice has, however, been
lately attracted to them by the issue from Rome of
the Bull Apostolicae Curae (dated the Ides of Sep
tember, 1896), in which the points wherein the
English Ordinal is said to be defective are (a) form,
and (/3) intention. The matter or outward sign of
imposition of hands being retained, the form or
words used are, it is urged, insufficient, because
the offices of Priest and Bishop have not, through
the changes of the English Liturgy, been explicitly
mentioned. "T}o this it is enough to reply, (i) that

1 See The Marian Reaction, Ch. Hist. Soc. xviii. p. 126.

THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL. 21

the distinct Orders intended to be conveyed have
always been mentioned in some part of the office,
and that (2) the specifying words are not found in
the form accompanying- the imposition of hands in
episcopal ordination in the Roman Pontifical l.

(/3) As to intention. The Preface to the Ordinal
sufficiently indicates that the " intent " of the ser
vices is to " continue " in " the Church of England "
the same Orders which have obtained in it all along,
and to confer, when required to be conferred, the
genuine " Office of Priesthood " and the privilege of
offering on behalf of the congregation the proper
Eucharistic sacrifice. (Of. Answer of the Arch
bishops of England to Pope Leo XIII, § xi.)

On any defect arguable from the discontinuance
of the picturesque and graceful rite of " the porrec-
tion of the instruments " or delivery of the paten
and chalice, it is to be noticed that the rite is com
paratively modern ; it does not appear in the earliest
known English Pontifical2, that of Archbishop

1 On various early forms of ordination, illustrating the
non-rigidity of ancient Catholic usage, see Notes on the
Forms of Ordination, pp. 78, 79.

2 A Pontifical is the book containing offices to be per
formed by a Pontifex, or Bishop. The Latin name
Pontifex (derived either from pons and /ac?o = path or
bridge maker \Varro] or Pompa and facio), cf. Daniel,
P. Book, p. 15, first appears in Tertullian (De Pudicitia,
c. i). Hilary of Aries is Summus Pontifex in Eucherius
(Migne, 1. 773). Other early Pontificals are those of
Archbishop Dunstan (957-988) at Paris, and Ethelwold
of Winchester (963-984). There is now no complete
English Pontifical. The offices for Confirmation and the
Ordinal are incorporated in the Book of Common Prayer,
but those for the Coronation Service and the Consecration
of Churches and Cemeteries are not. Cf. Swete, Services
and Service Books before the Reformation, pp. 195-223.

22 THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL.

Egbert of York in the Paris Library (A. D. 732-766),
or in the early Missale Francorum preserved in the
Cod. Vat. apud Muratori.

It may have arisen from the natural custom of
giving to the recipients of minor " Orders ] " which
were not, strictly speaking, " Orders " at all, some
insignia of office, e. g. the Porter, a key ; the Reader,
a book ; the Acolyte, a candlestick and candle,
because it was his business to light the candles in
the church, and a pitcher, because he had to see
to the supply of wine for the Eucharist ; the Sub-
deacon, an empty chalice and paten, and an ewer
and towel, because he had to wash the Bishop's
hands. So even a Deacon who was " ordained " by
imposition of hands, in southern countries received
a fan,because he would keep flies from the oblations.
Or it may rather have grown from the Roman
custom (Mabillon, Ordo ix. 3 ; Migne, Ixxviii. 1005)
that, after an ordination, the Bishop should give
the newly ordained Priest vestments and the sacred
vessels, with wine, corn, and oil, and take him in
state to his parish. About the twelfth century the
" porrection " came to be regarded as the essential of
ordination, and in the fifteenth, Pope Eugenius IV,
in his Decretwm ad Armenos (A.D. 1439), committed
himself to the curious theory that it, with the form,
constituted ordination.

(a) Puritan and non-catholic objections. The
objections of the extreme Puritans naturally ex
tended to the Ordinal in toto. They objected to
episcopacy, to the term Priest, understanding it in

1 After the thirteenth century, in the W. the sub-
diaconate was reckoned among the sacri or majores
ordines. Of. D. C. A. ii. 1475.

THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL. 23

its popular and narrower sense as connoting some
thing more than its doublet Presbyter. They ob
jected to any restriction of the ministry of the Word
and Sacraments to officers episcopally ordained.
Yet at the Hampton Court Conference in 1604, and
at the Savoy in 1661, the Ordinal was not one of
the points most prominently attacked.

In view of objections to the use of formula,
" Receive the Holy Ghost," it may be noted that
the universal belief of Christendom has been that
ministerial authority proceeds from the Holy Ghost,
and that the right to exercise it is of the nature of
a yja.pi(Tna (n Tim. i. 6). The quotation and appli
cation of our Lord's words (• Whose soever sins/ &c.,
St. John xx. 23) spoken collectively to the assembled
Church l on the evening of the day of the Resurrec
tion fitly recall and individualize His charge. They
are, however, a comparatively modern addition to
the Ordinal, and are not in themselves essential to
ordination. Cf. pp. 78, 80.

1 " The act is described as one (eW^uo-^o-f) and not
repeated. The gift was once for all, not to indi
viduals, but to the abiding body" (Bishop Westcott on
St. John xx).

THE
FORM AND MANNER (1)

OF
ORDAINING AND MAKING

PRIESTS AND DEACONS

ACCORDING TO THE ORDER OF

THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND.

1. The Form and Manner.

At the time of the issue of the First Prayer Book of
Edward VI the ancient Pontificals were in use. A com
mission, of which Archbishop Cranmer was the prominent
member, published early in 1550 " The Forme and maner
of makyng and consecratyng of Archbishoppes, Bishoppes,
Priestes, and Deacons," which is the first Ordinal in
English. There are three copies in the Library of the
British Museum and a reprint in The First Prayer Book
of Edward VI (Parker, 1877). The chief variations from
later Ordinals are the following: —

(«) " None shall be admitted a Deacon except he be
twenty-one years at the least."

(&) Of Priests and Deacons, " Every one of them that
are presented having upon him a plain ' albe ' " (i. e.
a closely fitting white tunic, girded).

(c) The Rubric before the Gospel is, " Then one of them
appointed by the Bishop, putting on a tunicle " (a scantier
dalmatic ; the mediaeval vestment of the Sub-deacon). Cf.
note 13, p. 33.

(d) As the Introit to the Communion, in the Order of
Priests, a Rubric orders Ps. xl, or else Ps. cxxxii, or else
Ps. cxxxv.

THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL. 25

(e] The version of the Veni Creator, introduced after
the Gospel, contains in the fourth stanza the line —

•' Strengthen and stablish all our weakness, so feeble

and so frail ; "
and in the sixth runs —

"That thou, Lord, mayst be our comfort at the last
dreadful day."

(/) The direction after the imposition of hands on
Priests ran :

" The Bishop shall deliver to every one of them the
Bible in the one hand, and the chalice or cup, with
the bread, in the other, and say, Take thou authority to
preach the word of God, and to minister the Holy
Sacraments in this congregation."

The " Form " was mainly based upon the Sarum
Pontifical. The oldest extant authorities on the Hite
of Ordination in the Latin Church are —

(a) Statuta Ecdesiae Antigua, a collection of disciplinary
and liturgical canons formed in Gaul, in the province of
Aries, in the sixth century.

(b) Of Roman Sacramentaries, those of Leo I (1461)
and of Hadrian I (t 795). These show the same prayers
for the ordination of Deacons, Priests, and Bishops, and
make no mention of the minor Orders. Hence it is
inferred that for the minor Orders there was at Rome
originally no ceremonial ordination. Cf. Duchesne, Ori-
gines du Culte ChretifM, pp. 337, 339.

The oldest extant English Pontifical, that of Egbert of
York (732-766) in the Bibliotheque Rationale at Paris,
does contain directions for Sub-deacons and other minor
Orders.

The oldest rites in connexion with ordinations were
(i) prayer, (2) the imposition of hands, and later (3) the
delivery of the insignia of office. Cf. pp. 78, 79, 80.

The "Form" of 1550 was modified as has been in
dicated in 1552, and again in 1662.

The modern Roman Pontifical, that of Pope Clement VIII,
dates from 1596.

26 • THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL.

THE PREFACE.

IT is evident
unto all men diligently reading the holy Scripture (2)

2. Holy Scripture.

(a) BISHOPS (" Bishop "=eVtWo7roy, Greek for "Over
seer"). At first the supreme authority in the Church was
vested in the Apostles, and the titles of Priest and Bishop
were both used of the second Order. St. James the Just
at Jerusalem (Acts xii. 17, xv. 13, xxi. 18), SS. Timothy
and Titus at Ephesus and Crete, are the earliest instances
of priests appointed to exercise episcopal authority over
other priests (i Tim. i. 3, 4, v. 17-22; 2 Tim. ii. 2; Tit. i. 5,
ii. i sqq., iii. 10). Probably this was the position of Epa-
phroditus at Philippi (Phil. ii. 25), of Archippus at Colossae
(Col. iv. 17; Philem. 2 \ and of the " Angels " of the
Churches of Asia Minor (cf. (Ecumenius on Apoc. ii. i).

(b) On PKIESTS ("Priest" is a contraction of Pres
byter, from irpfa-pvTepos, comp. of 7rpeV/3vr, where the Trpeo-
= Ijat.pris in prisons, meaning "old" : the -fivs is doubt
ful) in the Church of Jerusalem cf. Acts xi. 30, and
xv. 4, 6, 23. On their ordination for Gentile Churches
cf. Acts xiv. 23, and xx. 17. The seventy (Luke x. i)
may have originated a lower Apostolate (cf. Jer. Taylor,
v. 24, ed. 1859). Priests were ordained by Apostles
(Acts xiv. 23) and subsequently by their delegates (i Tim.
v. 22). They aided in the ordination of other Priests
(i Tim. iv. 14).

(c) DEACONS (from Greek SIOKOVOS = " Minister ") were
first elected by the congregation and ordained by the
Apostles (Acts vi. 1-6).

N.B. — Thus the three Orders in Holy Scripture appear
mainly as Apostles, Priest-bishops, and Deacons; the
original Apostolate beginning to disappear, as in the case
of the martyred St. James the Great, and some Priest-
bishops beginning to be ordained to discharge episcopal
functions (e.g. to ordain) and exercise authority over
others as they received apostolic commission so to do.
All three Orders, of course, retained each with its special

THE ANGLICAN OKDINAL. 2J

and ancient Authors (3), that from the Apostles'

character, the "hieratic" character (cf. St. Basil, Ep.
237), for which the English tongue has no distinctive
name, common to the whole Church, both clergy and laity
(Rev. i. 6, v. 10; i Pet. ii. v. 9), though some sacred
duties, specially belonging to the ministry of the word and
sacraments, have been from the beginning confined to
the three Holy Orders ; and the representative functions
of pronouncing absolution and offering the Holy Eucharist
to the two higher (cf. Ignatius, t c. no, Troll, iii, Justin
Martyr, t c. 160, Apol. Major, 85, 87, and Cyprian, t 258,
Epp. 33 and 73).

3. Ancient Authors.

(a) Clement, Bishop of Rome, died A. D. i oo. St. Clement
in his Epistle to the Corinthians (written c. A.D. 95) still
speaks of Apostles, bishops, and deacons, using the analogy
of the Jewish High Priest, Priest and Levites. He is
strong on ecclesiastical order : "Let each of you, brethren,
being in a good conscience, offer his Eucharist to God in
his own order, not transgressing the defined rule of his
service, in reverence" (§ xli). The Apostles were sent
out by Christ and " they ordained their first fruits, after
trying them by the Spirit, to be bishops and deacons of
future believers " (§ xlii). With " this work " of ordina
tion they had " in Christ been entrusted by God " (§ xliii).
" They knew through our Lord Jesus Christ that there
would be contention about the Episcopate ; for this cause,
therefore, having received," i.e. from the Lord, "complete
foreknowledge, they ordained the aforesaid, and afterwards
have established a perpetuity, so that, if they should fall
asleep, other approved men should in succession take their
office." It is not right that exclusion from the ministry
should be suffered by ministers "ordained by them," i.e.
the Apostles, " or afterwards by other notable men, with
the consent of the whole church " (§ xliv). St. Clement,
then, who was a contemporary with, and had met
St. Peter, St. Paul, and St. John (Iren. iii), writes that
(i) the Apostles had received from the Lord information
as to the government and ministry of the Church, and
that (ii) they acted on His commands in providing for
the ordination by other notable men of a succession of
the two Orders.

28 THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL.

time there have been these Orders of Ministers
in Christ's Church ; Bishops, Priests, and Deacons.
Which Offices were evermore had in such reverend
Estimation, that no man might presume to
execute any of them, except he were first called,

(b) In Ignatius, Bishop of Antioch (martyred c. A.D.
no) St. Clement's succession appears in definite operation.
" The Bishop and the Priests and Deacons with him ap
pointed according to the mind of Jesus Christ, whom in
conformity with His own mind He confirmed in sure
establishment by His Holy Spirit" (ad Philad. Inscr.}.

(c) Irenaeus, Bishop of Lyons (t c. 200), adv. Haer.
iii. 3, takes up the evidence : " We can reckon those who
were appointed Bishops in the Churches by the Apostles,
and their successors, down to our own time," and (adv.
Haer. i. 27): " Hyginus holding the ninth place of epis
copal succession from the Apostles."

(d) Tertullian, t 240 (de Sapt. 17): "The right of
giving Baptism lies with the chief Priest (Sacerdos), i.e.
the Bishop, and after him with the Presbyters and Deacons,
but not without the Bishop's authority," and " It is there
fore for them (sc. the heretics) to publish the origin of
their Churches : it is for them to display the roll of their
bishops, a roll so following its course from the beginning
that their first bishop had as maker and predecessor some
one either of the Apostles or of apostolic men, who never
theless continued steadfastly with the Apostles. Thus it
is that Apostolic Churches hand down their registers ; as
that of the Smyrnaeans recalls Polycarp appointed by
John; as that of the Romans, Clement ordained in like
manner by Peter, just as all the rest show forth their
having transmitters of the Apostolic seed appointed to the
Episcopate by the Apostles " (de Praescript. Haeret. xxxii).

(e) Athanasius, t373: "The order the Lord has
established by the Apostles abides fair and firm" (Ep.
xlix. 3).

(f) Augustine, t 430 writes (Ep. ccxxxii): " The root
tree of the Christian Society, surely propagated through
out the world by means of Apostles' sees and Bishops'
successions."

THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL. 29

tried, examined (4), and known to have such
qualities as are requisite for the same; and also
by publick Prayer, with Imposition of Hands,
were approved and admitted thereunto by lawful
Authority. And therefore, to the intent that these
Orders may be continued, and reverently used and
esteemed, in the Church of England, no man
shall be accounted or taken to be a lawful Bishop,
Priest, or Deacon in the Church of England, or
suffered to execute any of the said Functions,
except he be called, tried, examined, and admitted
thereunto, according to the Form hereafter fol
lowing, or hath had formerly Episcopal Consecra
tion, or Ordination.

And none shall be admitted a Deacon, except he
be Twenty- three years of age (5), unless he have

4. Tried, examined. Cf. Council of Sardica (A. D. 343)
ex. (Labbe, ii. 636 B).

" And in the case of each Order the grade shall have
a period of time, and that obviously not a very short one,
whereby it shall be possible for the faith of the candidate,
the high excellence of his character, his firmness and his
fairness to be made generally known, and that he may
enjoy this high honour after being reckoned worthy of the
divine and sacred office. For it is alike unbecoming, and
inconsistent with knowledge and good conversation to
take this step rashly and lightly, so as in the case
of either Bishop, Priest, or Deacon to make a hurried
appointment."

5. Of age. The age has varied at different periods and
places. The earliest positive enactment as to the Pres-
byterate was that of the Council of Neocaesarea (A.D. 314),
c. xi, that the candidate must be thirty. Pope Zachary
allowed Boniface in 751 to ordain presbyters at twenty-
five (S. Zach. Ep. xiii). So the Council of Ravenna,
A.D. 1314, and the modern Roman Pontifical. The
earliest age for deacons was twenty-five (Cod. Eccles.

30 THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL.

a Faculty. And every man which is to be ad
mitted a Priest shall be full Four-and-twenty
years old. And every man -which is to be ordained
or consecrated Bishop shall be fully Thirty years
of age.

And the Bishop, knowing either by himself, or
by sufficient testimony, any Person to be a man
of virtuous conversation, and without crime ; and.
after examination and trial, finding him learned in
the Latin Tongue (6), and sufficiently instructed
in holy Scripture, may at the times appointed in
the Canon, or else, on urgent occasion, upon some
other Sunday or Holy-day, in the face of the
Church (7), admit him a Deacon, in such manner
and form as hereafter folio weth.

Afr. Can. xvi). The age fixed for the Diaconate in the
English Ordinal of 1550 was twenty-one, that for the
Presbyterate and Episcopate being as now twenty-four
and thirty. Twenty-three appears for the Diaconate in
the Canon of 1604.

6. Learned in the Latin tongue. Greek scholarship was
yet practically unrevived in the middle of the sixteenth
century. It is at least as important that a candidate for
Holy Orders be learned in Greek as in Latin, and no one
can be deemed " sufficiently instructed " in Holy Scripture
unless he be acquainted with it.

7. In the face of the Church. " Let no ordination take
place in secret." Let it take place " with the approval of
clerics of genuine orthodoxy, so that there be no oppor
tunity for fraud," Theophilus of Alexandria, t 412,
Can. VI.

THE
FORM AND MANNER

ORDINATION.

N-B. — The portions of the service to be used at the Ordination
of Priests are indicated by a line in the margin; portions common
to both services by a double line.

IT When the day appointed by the Bishop is come, after Morning
Prayer is ended, there shall be a Sermon or Exhortation (8),
declaring the Duty and Office of such as come to be admitted
Deacons [or] Priests; how necessary that Order is, [or those
Orders are] in the Church of Christ (9), and also, how the people
ought to esteem them in their Office (10).

8. Sermon or Exhortation.

" When all are present before the Bishop, let either
the Bishop himself or the Archdeacon make a discourse
suitable to the occasion" (Pontifical of Tours, ed.
Martene, ii. 61).

9. How necessary thdse Orders are in the Church of Christ.
" Be zealous to do all things in godly concord, the
Bishop presiding after the likeness of God, and the
Presbyters after the likeness of the Council of the Apostles,
with the Deacons also who are right dear to me and are
entrusted with the Ministry (8inicoi>ia) of Jesus Christ "
(Ignatius to the Magnesians, vi). " Whence did Ischyras
get his Orders ? Who ordained him 1 Colluthus 1 This
is the only possible hypothesis. But it is notorious that
Colluthus died a Presbyter, and that every ordination of
his is invalid, and that all ordained by him in schism
are laymen " (Athanasius, Apol. c. Arian. xii). " Follow
the way of Catholic discipline, which from Christ Him
self through His Apostles has flowed without break to us,
and shall continue to follow from us to those that come
after us " (Augustine, de Util. Cred. c. viii).

10. How the people ought to esteem them in their Office.

32 THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL,

TI First the Archdeacon, or his Deputy, sliall present unto the
Bishop (sitting in his chair (11) near to the holy

" The express precepts of God in Scripture are written
in great characters; there is a . ' double honour' to be
given to ecclesiastical i ulers, ' rulers ' that also ' labour
in the word and doctrine ' ; there is ' obedience ' due to
them, ' obedience in all things,' and estimation, and love,
vTTfp tK Trfpiaaov, ' very abundantly ' ; ' esteem such very
highly fur their work's sake ' ; a ' communicating to them
in all good things ' ; and their offices are described to be
great, separate, busy, eminent, and profitable ; they are
' rulers,' ' presidents,' ' set over us in the Lord,' ' taking
care for us,' 'labouring in doctrine,' 'spiritual persons,'
' restorers of them that were overtaken in a fault,'
' curates of souls ' such as ' must give account for them,'
the ' salt,' the ' light of the word/ ' shepherds,' and much
more, signifying work, and rule, and care, and honour.
But next to the words of Scripture there can be no more
said concerning the honour of the sacred order of the
clergy than is said by St. Chrysostom in his book De
Sacerdotio, and St. Ambrose De dignitate Sacerdotali ;
and no greater thing can be supported by God, com
municated to man, than to be the ' minister of God ' in
the great conveyances of grace, and instruments of God
in the pardon of sins, in the consecration of Christ's
Body and Blood, in the guidance and conduct of souls."
Bishop Jeremy Taylor in The Divine Institution of the
Office Ministerial, § 5.

11. Sitting in his chair.

So in the York Pontifical of Archbishop Bainbridge,
1508-1514 "Episcopus sedens interrogat." In the Exeter
Pontifical of the fourteenth century (ed. Barnes, 1847,
pp. 84, 85, "Episcopus sedens" addresses the ordiuauds) :
then the rubric for the Imposition of hands on Deacons is
" tune surgeus Episcopus."

So apparently the Sarum Pont. (Maskell, Mon. Rit.
ii. p. 205). In the Roman Pont, at the presentation,
" Pontifex sedens in faldistorio."

In the Greek Church the Bishop sits in front of the
Altar, but to the left of it, that he may not turn his back
upon the Holy Sacrament.

THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL. 33

Table (12) ) such as desire to be ordained Deacons, (each of them
being decently habited (13),) saying these words,

Keverend Father in God (14), I present unto you
these persons present, to be admitted Deacons.

12. The Holy Table. The word Altar, removed from
the Reformed Liturgy in 1552, was sanctioned by Con
vocation in 1640, and appears in the Coronation Office.
The Scriptural term Table (i Cor. x. 21) is frequent in
Greek Liturgies (e. g. St. James, " sacred and spiritual
Table"), St. Mark "All holy Table," and in the Greek
Fathers.

N.B. — Altare=High Place \/AK=raise.

Table = Spread Place V'TA= stretch.

Tpdfre fa = Fourfooted.

Ecop.6s (vABA = go) is generally used for heathen altars
(e.g. i Maccab. i. 54), and so Ara (Sansk. AS = " where
the victim rests ") equivalent of^w/xoy in LXX. (e.g. Min.
Felix, Octavius, xxxii, " aras non habemus "). Svo-taorqptoj/,
i. e. place of the Qva-la, offering whether bloody or un
bloody, has a wider application (e.g. Matt. v. 24; Heb.
xiii. 10; Ignat. Phil, iv; Polyc. Phil, iv), cf. B.C. A. i. 61.

13. Decently habited. The Order of 1550 was that
each candidate should wear " a plain albe," and the
Gospeller a " tunicle," i.e. the " tunicella " dim. of tunica,
a dalmatic, or short upper garment, with short sleeves,
worn over the alb from the eighth century in the Western
Church.

" Decently habited " may be assumed to permit the
dress appointed for future ministrations.

14. Reverend Father in God, &c.

" The Archdeacon walking into the middle of the choir,
with his eyes fixed on the Bishop, addresses him in these
words, ' Keverend Father, this holy Church demands
that these men fit for Orders be consecrated for Her by
your Paternity.' The Bishop answers, ' In that by nature,
knowledge, and manner of life, such persons may be
presented by thee, and such by us ordained for God's
House, that by them the devil may be banished afar off,
and the clergy from among us be multiplied : ' the Arch
deacon proceeds, ' So far as the examination of men is
concerned, they are esteemed by nature, knowledge,

34 THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL.

The Bishop.

Take heed that the persons, whom ye present
unto us, be apt and meet, for their learning and
godly conversation, to exercise their Ministry duly,
to the honour of God, and the edifying of his
Church.

U The Archdeacon shall answer,

I have enquired of them, and also examined
them, and think them so to be.

H Then the Bishop shall say unto the people :

Brethren, if there be any of you who knoweth
any Impediment, or notable Crime, in any of these
persons presented to be ordered Deacons, for the
which he ought not to be admitted to that Office,
let him come forth in the Name of God, and shew
what the Crime or Impediment is.

and way of life to be worthy, and by God's will
can be made right and proper fellow- workers in these
duties'" (Pontifical of the Church of Noyon, A. D. 450,
ed. Martene).

Cf. Mediaeval Pontifical as given in Maskell, Mon.
Rit. iii. pp. 154 et seqq. In Procter on Book of C. P.,
p. 435. " While the Office is being sung let those who
are to be ordained be called by name ; then, after
prayer, let the Bishop sit in front of the Altar with his
face towards the Candidates and let the Archdeacon,
vested in a cope, reverently looking towards the Bishop,
address him in these words, " Reverend Father, this holy
Church," &c., as before. " The Apostle Paul on choosing
men to be ordained either Presbyters or Deacons, does
not say 'If any one be without sin'; were he so to say,
every human being would be rejected, no man would be
ordained ; he says. ' If any one is not under charge of crime '
(A. V. 'blameless,' Greek ai>eyKAi7Tor = 'not accused' Tit.
i. 6) such as murder, adultery, impurity, theft, fraud,
sacrilege, and so forth." St. Aug. Tract XLI. on
John viii.

THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL. 35

*i And if any great Crime or Impediment be objected, the Jlishop
shall surcease from Ordering that person, until such time as the
party accused shall be found clear of that Crime.

H [Then~\ the Archdeacon, or, in his absence, one appointed in his
ttead, shall present unto the Bishop (sitting in his chair near to
the holy Ta^le) all them that shall receive the Order of Priest
hood that day (each of them being decently habited) and sat/,

Reverend Father in God, I present unto you
these persons present, to be admitted to the Order
of Priesthood.

The Bishop.

Take heed that the persons, whom ye present
unto us, be apt and meet, for their learning and
godly conversation, to exercise their Ministry duly,
to the honour of God, and the edifying of his Church.

H The Archdeacon shall answer,

I have enquired of them, and also examined them,
and think them so to be.

^[ Then the Bishop shall say unto the people:

Good people, these are they whom we purpose,
God willing, to receive this day unto the holy Office
of Priesthood : For after due examination we find
not to the contrary, but that they be lawfully
called to their Function and Ministry, and that
they be persons meet for the same. But yet if
there be any of you, who knoweth any Impediment,
or notable Crime, in any of them, for the which he
ought not to be received into this holy Ministry,
let him come forth in the Name of God, and shew
what the Crime or Impediment is.

U And if any great Crime or Impediment be objected, the Bishop
shall surcease from Ordering that person, until such time as the
party accused shall be found cle>ir of that Crime.
C 2

36 THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL.

IT Then the Bishop (commending such as shall befounfl meet to be
Ordered to the Prayers of the congregation) shall, with the
Clergy and people present, siny or say the Litany (15), with the
Prayers, as folloiceth. [Both proper Suffrages shall be used
when loth Deacons and Priests are to be Ordered.'}

The Litany and Suffrages (16).

O God the Father of heaven : have mercy upon
us miserable sinners.

0 God the Father of heaven: have mercy upon
us miserable sinners.

O God the Son, Redeemer of the world : have
mercy upon us miserable sinners.

0 God the Son, Redeemer of the world : have
mercy upon us miserable sinners.

O God the Holy Ghost, proceeding from the
Father and the Son : have mercy upon us miser
able sinners.

0 God the Holy Ghost, proceeding from the
Father and the Son : have mercy upon us miser
able sinners.

O holy, blessed, and glorious Trinity, three
Persons and one God : have mercy upon us, miser
able sinners.

15. " Then the Bishop . . . shall . . . sing or say the
Litany." '• Let the Bishop prostrate himself with all the
Candidates and let a Litany be said." MS. Pontif. of
the use of Soissons, A.D. 650 (Martene, ii. 50).

16. In the Litany in the Bainbridge York Pontifical
"Let the Bishop rise, take his staff in his hand, turn
to the candidates and say 'that it may please Thee (i)
to bless, (2) to bless and sanctify, (3) to bless, sanctify
and consecrate the chosen (candidates), We beseech Thee
to hear us.' After this the Bishop is to kneel with the
Ministers, to the end of the Litany."

THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL. 37

0 holy, blessed, and glorious Trinity, three
Persons and one God : have mercy upon us miser
able sinners.

Remember not. Lord, our offences, nor the offences
of our forefathers ; neither take thou vengeance of
our sins, spare us, good Lord, spare thy people,
whom thou hast redeemed with thy most precious
blood, and be not angry with us for ever.
Spare us, good Lord.

From all evil and mischief ; from sin, from the
crafts and assaults of the devil ; from thy wrath,
and from everlasting damnation,

Good Lord, deliver us.

From all blindness of heart ; from pride, vain
glory, and hypocrisy ; from envy, hatred, and
malice, and all uncharitableness,

Good Lord, deliver us.

From fornication, and all other deadly sin ; and
from all the deceits of the world, the flesh, and the
devil,

Good Lord, deliver us.

From lightning and tempest ; from plague, pesti
lence, and famine ; from battle and murder, and
from sudden death,

Good Lord, deliver us.

From all sedition, privy conspiracy, and rebel
lion ; from all false doctrine, heresy, and schism ;
from hardness of heart, and contempt of thy Word
and Commandment,

Good Lord, deliver us.

By the mystery of thy holy Incarnation ; by thy

38 THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL.

holy Nativity and Circumcision ; by thy Baptism,
Fasting, and Temptation,

Good Lord, deliver us.

By thine Agony and bloody Sweat ; by thy Cross
and Passion ; by thy precious Death and Burial ;
by thy glorious Resurrection and Ascension ; and
by the coining of the Holy Ghost,

Good Lord, deliver us.

In all time of our tribulation ; in all time of our
wealth ; in the hour of death, and in the day of
judgement,

Good Lord, deliver us.

We sinners do beseech thee to hear us, O Lord
God ; and that it may please thee to rule and govern
thy holy Church universal in the right way ;
We leteech thee to hear us, good Lord.

That it may please thee to keep and strengthen
in the true worshipping of thee, in righteousness
and holiness of life, thy Servant VICTORIA, our
most gracious Queen and Governour ;

We leseech thee to hear us, good Lord.

That it may please thee to rule her heart in thy
faith, fear, and love, and that she may evermore
have affiance in thee, and ever seek thy honour
and glory ;

We beteech thee to hear us, good Lord.

That it may please thee to be her defender, and
keeper, giving her the victory over all her enemies ;
We beseech thee to hear us, good Lord.

That it may please thee to bless and preserve

THE ANGLICAN ORDINAL. 39

Albert Edward Prince of Wales, the Princess of
Wales, and all the Royal Family ;