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st.  7 


f9// 


CAVEN    LIBRARY 

KNOX  COLLEGE 

TORONTO 


$008  of  jfufcgce 

MOORE 


THE  SACRED  BOOKS 


OF 


Oft  ttstamtnt 


A  CRITICAL  EDITION  OF  THE  HEBREW  TEXT 
PRINTED  IN  COLORS,  WITH  NOTES 

PREPARED 

Bp  eminent  Q0t6ftcaf  edjofare  of  (Europe  anfc  cHmertca 

UNDER  THE  EDITORIAL  DIRECTION  OF 


PAUL  HAUPT 

PROFESSOR    IN    THE   JOHNS    HOPKINS   UNIVERSITY,    BALTIMORE 


PART   7 

of  Jfufcgee 


G-F-  MOORE 


J-  C-  HINKICHS'SCHE    BUCHHANDLUNG 
1900 


THE  JOHNS  HOPKINS  PRESS  DAVID  NUTT,  270-271    STRAND 


THE 


CRITICAL  EDITION  OF  THE   HEBREW  TEXT 


PRINTED   IN   COLORS 


EXHIBITING  THE  COMPOSITE  STRUCTURE  OF  THE  BOOK 


WITH  NOTES 


BY 


The  REV.  G  •  F    MOORE,  D.  D. 

PROFESSOR     IN    ANDOVER    THEOLOGICAL    SEMINARY,    ANDOVER,     MASS. 


J- C-  HINRICHS'SCHE   BUCHHANDLUNG 

1900 
Qpaffimore  £onbon 

THE  JOHNS  HOPKINS  PRESS  DAVID  NUTT,  270- 27  I    STRAND 


CAVEN   LIBRARY 

KNOX  COLLEGE 

TORONTO 


PRINTING    BY   W  •  DRUGULIN 

POLYCHROMY  BY  J  .  G  •  FRITZSCHE 

PAPER    FROM    FERD  •  FLINSCH 


POLYCHROMY  PATENTED  FEB.  l6,  1897 

U.  S.  PATENT  NO.  577,253 

D.  R.  G.  M.  NO.  28,784 


g?// 


[AU  rights  reserved  \ 


72  -oH3<s-g<»  jafufcgea  «§-©»ea°-  21,8  —  22 


(8.9.12)  &y,  the  prevailing  orthography;  M  tPU1  in  v.  8,  vty  in  vv.  9.12. 

(i  i)  The  instructions  in  M  (<5AL<33t)  seem  to  be  defective  in  the  most  important 
particular,  namely,  the  direction  to  preserve  the  virgins  alive.  (8LP  rraaav  be 
vedviba  (var.  fuvaiKa)  trapGe'vov  -rrepnroiricraaGe,  so,  sub  lemnisco,  <SH  (the  met- 
obelus  erroneously  after  vedviba),  05VN  al.  rac;  be  mxp6e'vou<;  irepiTroirjaeaee,  3  5 
virgines  autem  reservate;  HOUB.  emends  accordingly;  so  DATHE,  GEDDES, 
KAUTZSCH,  GRATZ  (rnn  n^imn  nxi). 

(13)  jlBin  as  above,  21,47;  •&  P12"1-  —  D1^-    Many  codd.  and  some  old  edd.  0"\bvb. 

(17)  }&tth  ntp^S  VB'jri  *px,  a  precarious  conjecture.    The  people  ask  how  Benjamin 
can  be   preserved  from  utter  destruction,  seeing  that  all  the  women  had  been  10 
killed  (v.  i6b),  and  that  they  cannot  give  wives  to  the  surviving  men.    So  ®LP 
TTUJC;  £<JTCU  K\f|po<;  biaaw£6uevoq  TLU  Bevia,uiv  eic;  KXripovouiav,  xai  ou  ur)  e^aXeiqpefj 
cpuXr]    &    lo-panX;   cf.   <BV".      jfl    p^f?   nts^D   ntfV,    ©ACsBsL^H    xXnpovouia    bia- 
aeawauevr]  TUJ  B.,  (DVN  biaatutoiaevijuv  (all  reading  as  Jit).    Bu.  (-tf-.S)  conj.  n*i«B^J 
no^S,  but  the  assertion  is  somewhat  superfluous,  and  the  following  clause,  «*?!  15 
nno\  seems  to  require  a  question  or  an  expression  of  purpose.     GRATZ  [Bu., 
conj.  iTi'N^i   let  us  leave  a  remnant,   erroneously  alleging  S 


(19)  r6t?3,  normal  orthography,  as  in  v.  12;  M  1^3;  another  variation  in  v.  21. 

WBPH  nnttt,  as  elsewhere;  ill  nrnto  (clittography).  20 

(20)  1W1,  with  Qere  and  all  the  Versions,  the  plural  is  necessary;  Kethib  1!T1. 

(21)  rt^B^  twice,  see  on  v.  19;  Jtt  1^^. 

^in^.    We  should  expect,  according  to  usage,  ^in^,  f/i  v.  23  (Bu.). 

(22)  |nus,  pTlN;  grammatical  correction  of  the  suffixes  referring  to  the  maidens  of 
Shiloh;  Jtt  Dm3«,  DiTn«;  see  above,  on  19,24.  —  y~b  Qere;  Kethib  3111?.  25 
ill  iyV«  ;  ©  codd.  (of  more  than  one  recension)  SH€  -rtpoc;  ujaci?,  /'.  ^.  D3^K. 
nonboa  in»X  WX  inp^  «^  ^  Dm«  wn,  z.  e.  because  in  the  attack  upon  Jabesh  not 
enough  virgins  were  found  to  give  a  wife  to  the  600  Benjamites  (STUDER).   This 
restoration  follows  (5CsBsVn5H(£   eXeriaare  auTou?,  on   OUK  eXa^ev  (var.  eXaftov) 
dvrip  YuvaiKa  auroO  dv  TLU  iroX^|Lia);  so  ©LLP,  but  with  the  omission  of  the  negative.  30 
The  same  text  is   represented   in   a    slightly   different  translation   by  (5N  e"Xeoc; 

OTI  OUK  eXa^ev  .  .  .  e"v  Tfj  irapaxdEei,  and  by  5  .\pcnAi.  *M*>I 
Q«J?!  ^?  ^•^-i9)  and  3,  which  interprets:  miseremini  coruni  :  non 
cnitn  rapiierunt  eas  jure  bellantiuin  atque  victorum.  (5A  differs  only  in  reading 
(with  Jil)  ^Xdpo|aev;  M  "lil  unp!?  K*?  '2  cnix  liian  grant  us  them  (the  girls),  because  35 
ivc  did  not  take,  &c.,  supported  only  by  (5V  and  &.  unp^1  is  a  correction,  prompt 
ed  by  the  reflection  that  it  was  the  speakers,  and  not  the  six  hundred  Benjamites 
who  made  the  attack  on  Jabesh;  this  led  subsequently  to  the  change  of  Dnix  un, 
to  Uian.  The  whole  clause  seems  to  me  to  be  secondary;  see  below.  Bu.  emends 
in  conformity  with  6LLP:  in»K  »'N  inpb  ^,  but  the  absence  of  5H  from  this  group  40 
weighs  heavily  against  it,  and  the  rape  of  the  Shilonite  maidens  would  hardly  be 
described  as  nar6)33. 

lOlPNn  nri?  ^  DnV  Dnn:  DHN  ^  ''S  for  had  yc  given  (the  maidens)  to  them,  ye 
would  be  guilty  (scil.  of  breaking  your  oath).  The  words  connect  immediately 
with  nniK  *an,  and  give  the  reason  why  indulgence  should  be  shown  to  the  45 
robbers.  M,  here  supported  by  all  the  Versions,  nj?3  .  .  .  *6  '3.  STUDER  and 
GRATZ,  conj.  ^  or  xb;  the  confusion  of  this  particle  with  the  negative  is  frequent 
in  JH  and  the  Versions.  J1J73  should  then  be  emended  nnj>  '3,  the  usual  introduc 
tion  of  the  apodosis  after  \b.  The  impf.  lOtrwn  is  an  objection  to  this  construction 
of  the  clauses,  but  perhaps  not  a  conclusive  one.  50 


20,41  —  48  -**««©•§$•  3M&3ee  *^-©"Bfc°-  71 


2O  movement  is  narrated  in  due  order.    Examples  of  an  infinitive  construction  con 

tinued,  with  change  of  subject,  by  finite  tense,  Gen.  i8,25;Ex.  33,  16;  2  S  13,28. 
The  consec.  impf.  in  Jit  is  a  consequence  of  misinterpretation,  under  the  in 
fluence  of  v.  41.  [The  alternative  is  to  reject  the  whole  verse  as  a  repetitious 
interpolation,  with  Bu.,  Coining  5 

(41)  vty.    Many  codd.  l^K. 

(42)  The  verse  was  perhaps  originally  preceded  by  35  .  36a;  see  above  p.  70,  11.  23ff. 
This   accounts   for  the   plur.   13DM,  for  which,   in  the  present  surroundings,  we 
should  expect  ]W\  (Bu.,  Coming. 

•jira  ini«  nvrrwe  Tynn  "IBM,  conj.  on  exegetical  grounds.     The  meaning  of  the  10 
half-verse  seems  to  be  that  the  ambush,  after  firing  the  city,  sallied  from  it  and 
attacked  the  retreating  Bejamites  in   the  rear;   cf.   Jos.  8,22   TJ?n  p  IKS'1  r6m 
n»B  n^KI  niB  H'JN  "pm  ^N-IW^  vm  nniOp1?.    So  3  interprets,  sed  et  hi  qui  urbein 
sitccenderant,  occurrerunt  eis\  cf.  (&LP  oi  £v  T^|  iroXei  (codd.  76.106.134.  euro  ff\c, 
TToXeuic)  biecpGeipav  aurov  iv  ja^aa)  aurwv;    GRATZ  emends  in  a  similar  way,   15 
erroneously  alleging  5,  whose  ik,*£,.ji~>;o,  if  not  a  corruption  of  itwyji^;,  repre 
sents  a  wholly   different   interpretation.     Jit  13in3  .  .  .  D'njjnc  ;    the   plural   may 
have  arisen  by  dittography  of  the  initial  D  of  the  following  word.    The  half-verse, 
with  v.  43,  is  the  work  of  a  late  writer,  who  probably  had  Jos.  8,22  in  mind; 
that  the  meaning  is  not  very  clearly   expressed  does  not  militate  against  the  20 
soundness  of  the  restoration. 

(43)  warn  mt»D  jnjn  nri  nj?  nrmo  p^n  n«  inns.   A  perhaps  overbold  attempt  to  re 
construct  the  corrupt  text.   The  verse  describes  the  pursuit  and  slaughter  of  the 
Benjamites;  for  nj?33n  of  Jil,  we  must  substitute  ym:    the  pursuit  cannot  have 
ceased  at  a  point  opposite  Gibe  ah  on  the  east,  while  Geba  lies  in  the  line  of  25 
flight  toward  Rimmon,  and  the  difficult  passage  of  the  ravine  between  Geba  and 
Michmash  may  well  have  checked  the  pursuit.    For  this  terminus  ad  quern  we 
require  a  terminus  a  quo,  and  can  find  it  only  in  the  word  nrmo  which  05VN  al. 
also  take   as  a  proper  name,   diro  Noim  (so  MERCIER,    HouB.,  STUDER);   cf. 
nmj  i  Chr.  8,2,  son  of  Benjamin,  /'.  e.  Benjamite   clan  or  village   (with   which  30 
nniv  Jos.  16,6,  on  the  border  of  Ephraim,  is  scarcely  to  be  combined).    For  the 
verb  nro  of  Jit,  (0(0  have  KareKoirTov,  Kai4.Ko\\>av,   exoipav  which  suggests  inn:, 

or  VH3  (ZlEGLER).    Possibly  the  author  may  have  written  nn3  in  the  sense  gave 
no  respite  to  them,  kept  at  them  (Aram.,  Syr.).  The  two  other  verbs  in  M,  insin';)n, 
wannn,  are  doublets,  both  corrupt,  and  perhaps  originally  a  gloss.     [On    this  35 
verse  see  Bu.,  Comtn] 

(44b)  nb>N  ^3  TK.   GRATZ  omits  n«  as  dittogram  to  the  preceding  WX;  but  in  v.  46b  this 

explanation  fails. 

(45)  ]!Din  J^D  ^«  mmisn  IDiri  WB^.    The  words  are  out  of  place  here;  they  have  been 
accidentally  repeated  from  v.  47a,  where  they  belong,  the  error  being  occasioned  40 
by  the  preceding  bvi  n^N  n"?«  ^3,  vv.  44b.46b  (TORREY). 

J?33  iy,  see  above  on  v.  43;  CDN  fa^aa,  fa^a  (fortunate  accident),  ©ACsBsSrLLpg 
TaXaab,  uncial  corruption  of  Fabaau.  (codd.  and  5H),  S  vys-^^  ;  GEDDES  and 
GRATZ  would  emend:  ]15?3J;  but  Gibeon  is  in  the  wrong  direction;  JU  nVl?  ^y, 
which  may  be  an  infinitive.  45 

(47b)  lltnn  ytel,  as  in  a;  M  A  article. 

(48)  one  TJ?0,  as  in  Deut.  2,34;  3,6;  Job  24,12;  so  many  codd.  and  some  old  edd. 
here,  STUDER,  KROCHMAL,  WELLH.  ;  JJl  one,  which  is  meaningless.  GRATZ  and 
BUHL  (cf.  also  KAUTZSCH)  conj.  DINB,  as  in  Ex.  9,25  &c.  [For  Dhlp  cf.  Grit.  Notes 
on  Isaiah,  p.  no,  1.  38;  p.  197,  1.  6.]  50 

ntsm  nj>.    Here  and  in  the  following  some  codd.  1JM.    [The  expression  DTlO  TJ?D 
ny  is  singular;  Bu.,  Comm.,  suspects  that  something  has  dropped  out.] 


70  -^H3*©-^»  jjutyee  4%<s?*&*»~  20,33—39 


2O  u^K  eiaeXeuaeaGe  dxei  Kai  dperre  irupaov  d<;  ui|;o<;  Kai  diuaTpevyouev  dir'  auroix; 

xai  eKKoiyouev  OUTOUI;.  Kai  ££f|\6ov  oi  uioi  Beviajuw  dc,  diravTriaiv  roO  XaoO  Kai 
&-ei\Ku09n.0av  £K  Tf|<;  TToXeuuc,  K.T.£.  (beginning  the  verse  again).  Apparently  a 
marginal  comment,  derived  in  substance  from  vv.  38  ff.  ;  the  author  rightly  felt 
that  some  explanation  was  necessary.  5 

m»3  DJ7B3  DJ7EO  D^n  Dyn»  man"?  l^m.  Before  m»3  in,  supported  by  all  the 
Versions,  has  nnjni  nrlNl  ^«n'3  n!?!?  nnx  -it?x  rnboas.  The  roads  are  mentioned 
in  vv.  32.45  (cf.  21,19);  but  the  words,  which  manifestly  intrude,  are  probably 
a  fragment  of  the  preceding  gloss,  '111  nibD03  Tyn  ]fi  ipmn.  For  nnySJ  some 
emendation  is  necessary;  the  road  by  which  the  Benjamites  were  advancing  from  10 
Gibeah  would  not  be  described  as  leading  to  Gibeah;  V3J  has  been  suggested 
(cf.  v.  43);  others,  pjna  [so  Bu.,  Comm.]. 

(33)  l»p  ^Itf"  tt'N  ^21;  in-t-l»iptttt,  which  is  attested  by  the  Versions  also;  accidental 
repetition,  or  reminiscence  of  places  like  Jos.  8,19  lOlpOtt  mn»  Dp  311  NH1.    The 
expression  cannot  be  forced  to  mean,  they  made  a  stand  where  they  were,  and  15 
reformed  their  lines.    [Bu.,  Comm.,  conj.  DOIpfcls.] 

ripaa^  2it»|?p,  with  ©ACsBsSrLLpVn^H^  dtro  buaiuOuv  rfi^  Popaa,  3  ab  occidentals  itrbis 
partc  (cf.  Jos.  8,4.9.19),  HOUB.,  KAUTZSCH,  GRATZ.  iH  J>?J  m.Pae,  ©V  Mapaa- 

N  codd.  Maapa 

[Bu.,  Comm., 

(34)  njn:6  nJ30  1«D"1.     Many  codcl.  of  ilt,  and  2",  read  23:tt,  j<?«//^  of  Gibeah,   which 
HOUB.  would  adopt. 

(35-36a)  TORRKY  conjectures  with  much  probability  that  these  verses,  which  are  mani 
festly  premature  before  vv.  36bfif.  (cf.  ZIKGLKR),  and  which  WELLH.  and  others 
regard  as  a  late  addition,  originally  stood  after  v.  41,  and  were  accidentally  mis-  25 
placed  by  a  scribe  whose  eye,  in  copying,  strayed  from  njnn  Dfvty  nyJ3  ^,  at 
the  end  of  v.  34,  to  the  similar  njnn  vty  nj?i3  "O  at  the  end  of  v.  41.  V.  42 
connects  very  well  with  v.  36°.  The  analysis  of  the  passage  is  not  affected  by 
this  transposition. 

(36b)  nj?2Jn  hy,  so  JACOB  KHAYYIM,  a/.,  reading  of  the  Oriental  schools;  the  Western  30 
text  has  h»-  NORZI,  BAR,  GINSBURG. 

(38)  'iai  orntyr6  anixn  DJ?  bxw  w»h  HTI  nyioni.    After  mixn  -tfliJ  +  rvi,  for  which 
some  codd.  and  old  edd.  have  :nn,  fiACsSrLVnSH  Kai  Y\  auvraYH  rjv  dvbpi  lapar(\ 
irp6<;  TO  ?vebpov  |ucixaipa,  roO  dvevef  Kai  autou?  irupaov  K.T.^.    In  C5Sr  irpo?  TO 
tvebpov  sub  ast.;    doubtless  the   signs  are   misplaced,    and  belong  to   ucixaipa,  35 
which  ©BsLp  omit.    (5VN  ^CTO  TOO  dvtbpou  Tf|c  udxn?-     3S  do  not  translate  the 
word.    Probably  3in  is  a  mutilation  of  miKH  (BERTH.,  Bu.,  KAUTZSCH,  GRATZ)  ; 
2"in  a  correction  which  at  least  gave  a  real  word. 

<tt  Dnbyn1?.    Bu.  and  GRATZ  conj.  nibyn^>  (D  dittogram).     The   omission  of  the 

suff.  is  necessary  if  Tin  be  retained  (STUDER);  but  if  3"in  be  dropped  the  suff.  40 

is  quite  right. 

ill  ]E>j?n  n«ty».     Bu.  emends:  \\ffy-,  (C)  does  not  express  the  article.    If  the  emen 

dation  I  have  proposed  in  the  next  clause  be  accepted,  the  article  would  not  be 

objectionable. 

(39)  n»r6n3  biOtr   tf'N  TJBni  and  that  (upon   this  signal)  the  men  of  Israel  should  45 
turn  about  in  the  battle,  and  confront  their  pursuers;  continuing  the  account  of 
the  plan  agreed  upon  between  the  main  body  and  the  division  in  ambush,  v.  38; 

cf.  the  execution  of  this  stratagem  in  vv.  40.41.  The  verse-division  should  then 
come  after  ncr6)23.  in  ^Bn>l,  which  can  only  be  taken  as  a  narrative  tense, 
with  <5A  al.  avfeaTpetyav,  &c.,  and  has  led  in  (6VN  to  the  introduction  of  a  narra-  50 
tive  gloss,  Kai  eibov  oi  uioi  I0pan.\  OTI  irpoKaTeXdjkTo  TO  gvebpov  TH.V  Tafiaa,  Kai 
e<nr)aav  iv  Tfj  irapaTdEei,  K.T.£.  This  leaves  the  statement  of  the  plan  incom 
plete,  and,  on  the  other  hand,  anticipates  v.  41,  where  the  execution  of  the 


20,  1  8—  3i  -ota*©^*  j$ut>$te  $§•&»&*»-  69 


20  On  grounds  merely  of  transcriptional  probability,  we  might  be  inclined  to  think 

that  the  clause  had  fallen  out  by  homaeoteleuton  (CLERicus);  but  the  intrinsic 
probability  is  here  strongly  in  favor  of  the  shorter  reading.     HOUB.  takes  the 
other  alternative  (the  seven  hundred  are  not  the  Gibeathites,  whose  number  is 
not  given  because  they  were  not  in  the  field,    but  the  corps  of  slingers),  and     5 
emends  :  —  "m  mm  tt"x  ni«»  jn»  nin  oyn  bsa  npsnm.   [See  also  Bu.,  Comm} 
The  words  1VOS  "V  "IBX  are  removed  to  the  foot  of  the  page,    as  an  old  gloss 
(they  are  found  in  all  the  Versions)    derived  from  3,15;   Ehud's  tribesmen  of 
PS33  had  the  same  peculiarity  as  he. 

yblp  m  hi;  cf.  v.  i?b  nente  CPK  nt  ^2.     The  words  refer  not  to  the  Gibeathites    10 
only,  but  to  all  the  Benjamites,  whose  skill  in  shooting  was  famous;  see  i  Chr. 

12,2. 

rnyfcn,  so  NORZI,  BAR,  locative  of  1»to  Is.  7,20;  the  current  text,  nnpfcn,  is  fern. 
(nomcn  unitatis], 

KBIT  Nbl;  M  KBIT  Hif,  score  a  miss;  Qal  is  equally  possible.  15 

(18)  bxjTO  ibjn-  In  most  editions  hK  ri'3  in  two  words  (JACOB  KHAYYIM,  NORZI,  GINSB.); 
the  Jewish  interpretation,  of  which  3  is  here  a  representative  (in  doinum  Dei, 
hoc  cst,  in  Silo\  shows  that  it  was  so  written. 

nbnra  nty"  mirr,  with  (0  avapriaerai,  as  in  v.  a  and  in  1,2;  JH3S&  r6nn3  min";  the 
ellipsis  is  not  usual.  20 

(20)  5  omits  v.  2Oa,  and  incorporates  the  substance  of  v.  20^  in  v.  21. 
p'33  DJ?.    Many  codd.  ltt'33  "33  DJ,';  similarly  in  v.  35;  21,6. 

(21)  M   nj?33n  p;    ©ACsBsSrLLpVnSHg  £K  Tf|?  uoXeuK;    the  name  has  probably  been 
substituted  in  iJl  for  greater  definiteness. 

(22.23)  GEDDKS  transposes  the  two  verses;  by  which  a  rational  connection  is  made.    So  25 
also  STUDER. 

(22)  ^Niw  B>"N  pmm,  with  (5  Kai  dviaxuaav  dvi'ip  lapanX,  35  (C3Sr5H  •*•  6  \ao<;  \<  dvrip  I., 
which  (1)1-  has  received  into  the  text};  Al$  ^Xl^  »"«  DJ>n,  doublet;  cf.  v.  26. 

(23)  bwra,  so  Bu.,  cf.  v.  26;   ill  13^1  bs'W  "33  ibyi,  so  all  the  Versions;  ^NIVO  was 
accidentally  omitted  after  ^>&nc"  ^33  ;  see  on  2,1.  30 
Jil  "nx  ^13^33  M3  DJ?;  6Sr  utiuv  ^//^  ast.  ;  not  improbably  ^33  is  secondary,  cf.  ^HK 
and   rbs.     In   v.  24   also   uiout;   is   asterisked   in  6Sr,   and  there  it  is  lacking  in 
(BALp(f  .  but  6y;  vv.  28.30. 

(26)  t?«1B»<l  ^3  ^3;  4tt  and  all  the  Versions  +  nyn  bsi  (A  (D'S,  probably  by  accident); 
doublet,  accommodated  by  the  insertion  of  the  conjunction;  cf.  v.  22  and  above,  35 
p.  67,  1.  24. 

.Jit  DB>  13Bn;  ffiSr  Kai  ^KdGiaav  iv.i\  sub  as/.,  A  ffiLp.  ^H  ^K€t  ^^  rtJ/.;  ^  (gCsBsVn  rt/. 
JH  3nj?n  nj?;  ©SrgH  g^^  ^aTT^pa?  j^  ^j/^  ^  ©CsBsLpVn  a/. 

(27)  Dsnbxn  m3  pix  DtPV    A  good  example  of  the  uncertainty  of  the  tradition  in  this 
phrase:  ffiASrLLpVn^H  ^  Ki^iuToc  biaOriKnc  Kupiou,    so  also  3$;    (gvCsBsN  Kupiou  40 
TOU  9eoO;  3  area  foederis  Dei.    These  words,  and  the  following  to  Dnn  D'tt^S  in 

v.  28  are  a  late  gloss  (WELLH.).  GEDDES  transposes  the  passage,  placing  it  after 
v.  26,  and  bringing  v.  27a  immediately  before  loxb  (v.  28),  by  which  a  better 
connection  is  secured.  Doubtless  this  is  the  place  for  which  the  gloss  was  in 
tended.  45 

(31)  DJ?n  niOp'?  Vtt'33  ^3  1K3P1;  Jtt-f  TJ>n  ]0  1pn3n,  which  the  Versions  also  found  here 
The  asyndetic  perfect  shows  that  this  clause  is  not  part  of  the  sentence  in  which 
it  now  stands;  it  comes,  moreover,  too  early  in  the  narrative,  and  seems  to  be 
a  gloss  from  Jos.  8,16,  suggested  by  v.  32  Tj?n  )tt  ini3pn3l  (BERTH.).  (5LP  al. 
have  here  a  long  passage  which  is  not  found  in  ill  or  the  other  Versions;  after  50 
the  words  Kai  ^ei\Kuo9naav  £K  T?|?  iroXewc;,  it  continues,  air^aTeiXev  bd  oi  uioi 
lapar|\  xiMouc;  avbpa?  ei<;  Tfjv  6bov,  Kai  ^vereiXavTO  auToT<;  X^YOVT€<;,  TTopeueaGe 
irpo?  TOV  im  TUJV  dv^bpuuv  TOTTOV,  Kai  ^ffrai  orav  ^KiropeuajvTav  £K  rf 


68  -etso-ss-  ^fubgee  »;s§-gf»ej*>-  20,10  —  16 


Nanya  nby  '3»n3  «'<?  w///  A?  /<?/<•/  off,  evidently  connecting  with  v.  10  ;  3  \  ja  «n*Vv  JjifJi 
w^  re////  tvz.y/  lots  over  it,  in  which  way  CLERICUS  also  would  complete  the  sense, 
and  GRATZ  would  emend.  Bu.  (R-S}  emends:  Vyi53  n)'??  [Co  mm.,  blia  n^B3],  and 
makes  the  words  the  beginning  of  v.  10. 

(10)  p'aa  nyaa1?  nwy1?;   JHffiVN  p'33   yaab  D«1S^  nityj?1?.     The  emendation  nyaa1?    ((S3)     5 
is  self-evident;   with  6V&z  they  had  nothing  to  do.     The  confusion  of  the  two 
names  is  common;  see  below  vv.  33.43;  i  S  13,16.    For  DNab,  ©ACsBsSrLLpVnSH 
read  QXlb  (TO!<;  eioTropeuoutvoK;).  We  might  perhaps  retain  the  word  in  the  text 
by   transposing  the   two   infinitives:  —  r\wyh    D«nb;   so   HOUB.,   cf.   KAUTZSCH; 
GRATZ,  nipy"?  D'xan.  10 

A  simple,  but  radical,  remedy  for  the  difficulty  in  v.  10  would  be  to  transpose 
v.  ioa  and  b,  reading:  Vio^a  iwy  n»x  r6a3n  ^>22  ^a-32,  nyaab  miry"?  biiaa  rvby  nbj?a 
oy^>  rm  nnpb  "111  D'irax  mry  lanpbl,  by  which  a  perfectly  good  connection  is 
secured  on  both  sides.  It  appears  that  the  extraordinary  disorder  in  this  chapter 
has  been  in  part  occasioned  by  accidental  misplacement  of  passages;  see  below  15 
on  vv.  35-36a. 

l»y  1»«,  plur.  referring  to  the  inhabitants,  so  (6ACsl!sLPVn^H(£<S;  M  n»y,  but  if 
the  city  is  subj.  the  fern,  nntrj?  would  be  required. 

(11)  JH(I)V3S'2:  TJ?n  h»;  (OAC.sBsSrLLpNVn§H(g  ^K  T(£,v  uoXeUJV  (ffiLl'  +  COITUJv},  /.  C.  Q^yn  ]I3 

(cf.  v.  15),  perhaps  better  than  itt.    The  verse  would  not  be  any  less  superfluous  20 
and  disturbing,  if  this  reading  were  adopted. 

nnan,  £7.37,16,  cf.  Gen.  14,3.  (r>  epxouevoi,  epx<iuevo<;  (A  (5V),  is  an  old  error 
for  dxouevoi,  i.  e.  D^riri,  Ex.  26,3;  Ez.  1,9.  [Bu.,  Comm.,  suggests  Ilin,  cf.  Gen. 

M.3-] 

(12}  p"33  B2,B>  l?33,  sing.,  with  all  the  Versions,  HOUB.,  DATHE,  STUDER,  KAUTZSCH;  25 
M  ^tt^ai  1|B:iC'  baa,  plur.,  6/1  189,21;  in  both  cases  the  error  seems  to  have  been 
occasioned  by  a  preceding  "'Bail'.    That  the  archaic  form  of  the  construct,  "'Batr, 
is  intended,  is  less  probable. 

(13)  njnn,  the   article  is  indispensable;   cf.   Deut.  17,12;  22,22,  &c.;    £t   njn   my23i 
(Jiaplography).  30 
p"3a  "3a  ia«  »h\  Qere  (many  codd.  in  the  text),  so  05  oi  uioi  Beviu|iiiv,  5(f;  Kethib 

S3a  (Jiaplography]. 

(14)  [0-nyn  p.    Bu.  Comm.,  after  <5,  onny  p.] 

(15)  f]b«  ntroni  n^llfj?,  with  JSACsBsLLpNVnjjHg  eiKoat  Kai  TT^VT€  (6Sr  al.  Ttevre  Kai  eixoai. 
(Sv  eiKoai  rpeiq  represents  an  error  in  Heb.;  nvbv  for  the  ncN?  of  itt),  3  25,000;  35 
Cf.  also  ^H  v.  35:  25,100.    Joseph.  (Ant.  v,2,  10),  gives  the  total  as  25,600,  probably 
by  addition  of  the  numbers  in  vv.  46.47;    <HM  f\h»  nwcn  Dn»y.     Neither  the 
reading  of  M  nor  of  6  exactly  tallies  with  the  summary  of  the  Benjamite  losses 
below  in  vv.  44-47;  but  (35  is  probably  original  (riEftsn,  corrupted  in  HI  to  ntw); 

so  WELLH.  and  others.  40 

(16)  At  the  beginning  of  the  verse  M$  have:  —  T  IBS  mm  ers  ni«O  yai»  ntn  DJ?n  bats 
Wsfi\    ©Sr  exhibits   the   passage    as    follows  :  —   X^pk    TUJV    KOITOIKOUVTUJV    T^V 
Tapaa[-:-]ouTot:    ^TreaK^-rrriaav   ^irraKoaioi    &vbpe<;   -f-  veaviaxoi  -X- 

travToc;  roO  XaoO  TOUTOU  dtrraKoaiot  6vbpe<;:   ^xXeKroi  ducpotepobeEioi: 
OUTOI  aqpevbovr)Tai,  pdXXovrei;  XiOoui;  K.T.^.;  so  SH  -.\v^  ^g-a  ^pa^.i  yOJo*  ^e  •,  ^m  45 
JVA^  ijjaN^A   |jo»   l*±.   o»^>   <?   -X-  J.Ia.^»   J  ^^    '*^^»  iJ^>?*   O^^rol,'   ^o, 
^^o  jlo  lK»i)  loik,  JLiJ_s  ^>^*?  i:A*  vjuo»  vQo.^9  Jlid^^xUa^i.    The  words  aster 
isked  formed  no  part  of  the  oldest  (8  Version;  in  other  MSS  of  this  Version  they 
are  not  found  at  all.    Nor  are  they  represented  in  (fiVN  ^KTO<;  TUJV  oixouvTwv 
Tr|v  fapaa,  oi  ^TredK^Trnaav  dTrTaxoaioi  dvbpe?  dnXeKToi  ^K  iravroc  (C5N  +  TOU)  XaoO  50 
d!U(poTepobt£ioi'   K.T.^.,  3  praeter  habitatorcs  Gabaa,  qui  septingenti  erant'viri 
fortissimi,  ita  sinistra  ut  dextra  proeliantes,  &c.  ;  3 


20,2  —  9  -ofa*©^*  jfubgea  »>?•©>•&}*>-  67 


19  in  the  mouth  of  his  messengers  (cf.  Saul,  i  S  11,7);  hence  Bu.  proposes  to  read 
merely  Ibi6  for  10X1  HKlin  ^>3  rrm.    It  appears  also  from  20,3  that  the  Israelites, 
when  they  assembled  at  the  summons,  only  knew  that  a  bloody  crime  had  been 
committed,  but  not  what,  or  how.     I  infer,  therefore,  that  the  passage  belonged 

to  the  original  text,  and  was  probably  dropped  from  .itt  by  homceoteleuton  (lj>     5 
run  m\T  in  the  words  of  the  messengers  and  in  the  response  of  those  who  saw  the 
bloody  sight).    The  text  is  restored  accordingly.    [So  also  Bu.,  Coming 
11311  nxj?  rrbj?  D3^>  lire?,  with  (5A  a/.,  similarly  (<5VN  6ea9e  0|u!v  auroi  in'  auTr)v  pou\f|V 
xai  \a\r|CfaTe,  cf.  20,7.    For  1131  we  might  perhaps  read  131,  as  in  20,7;  JH  1XJ> 
11311,   which  leaves  10^8?  without  an  object,  and  gives  us  in  1SJ?  a  rare  verb  (Is.   10 
8,10).    The  cases  of  the  ellipsis  of  3h  after  D'»  are  late  or  doubtful;  if  we  retain 
1SJ?,  it  would  be  better  to  insert  1*7,  or  read  D231?  for  D31?  (HOUB.,  STUDER,  KROCH- 
MAL,  STADE,  Bu.,  Comm.\  cf.  8t).    It  is  not  impossible  that  the  text  was  early 
conformed  to  20,7  (nSJJ  .  .  .  13n)  ;  n"by  10"tP  may  perhaps,  after  all,  be  the  original 
text.  —  The  words  stand  in  M  in  a  somewhat  unnatural  connection  ;  they  are  more  1  5 
appropriate  in  the  mouth  of  the  messengers  than  of  the  spectators.    Following 
(8A  al.  they  are  consequently  transposed  from  the  end  of  the  verse.    [The  original 
text  may  have  been   -nsj?'  1SJ?  n^J?  D2-3-!?  10't?;  11211  is  perhaps  a  later  addition 
suggested  by  Is.  8,  10.  —  P.  H.J 

20 

20  (2)  DJ?n  bo  niiD.    (0VN  Kara  Trpoauuirov  Kupiou,  /.  c.  mrp  ^S^;  preferred  by  ZIEGLER; 

cf.  also  ©Lp. 

b>XlBv  ""toSt?  "?21,  with  <BA3  ;  #1(5  rel.  Sf  "?3;  but  apposition  seems  impossible.   The 
insertion  of  the  conjunction  is  the  simplest  relief  of  the  difficulty,  but  is  on  that 
very   account  suspicious;    GRATZ  conj.  ^30.     The   words   may   be   a  gloss  not  25 
accommodated  to  the  structure  of  the  sentence. 

(3)  A  better  division  of  the  verses  would  put  the  pIDB  «]1D  after  HBSD.  V.  3a  has 
nothing  to  do  with  3b,  and  is  altogether  out  of  place;  Bu.  thinks  that  it  originally 
stood  (in  the  older  source)  immediately  before  v.  14;  the  negotiations  with  Ben 
jamin  begin  in  v.  12.  30 

(5)  m  13JJ;  ffiACsBsLi^pVn^Htg-i-Kai  £WiTcu£av  aim;),  OiSr  Sttb  obel.-,  as  in  19,25. 

(6)  £13    ^N1»"   r6m   mt?  "733,    doublet;   (5  iv  -n-avri  opiuj  K\n.povouia<;,   3  in  omncs 
terminos  possessions  vestrae,    as  if  reading  ^sity  nbni  bl3i  b>33;   9^  $  Dinn  !?33 
"?«1B>H  «J?1N  monx.    The  text  of  (53  is  free  from  difficulty,  and  should  perhaps 
be  adopted.  35 
^N!Br3  n^33  i»j>,  with  (fjACsBsLLpVn.  jfl  n^ii  nttt,  late  gloss,  O&Sr  Ze^na  jw/;  aj/.,  (/: 
3H;  ©v  Ziejaa  xai  dTTouTUJ.ua,  (8N  d^poauvriv  xai  UTroiTTuuiua  (double  translation  of 
n"?33;  see  Hexapla  on  Is.  34,4,  fi^33);  both  words  are  represented'  also  in  3$i£. 
The  rendering  Zeuua,  a  mere  transliteration  of  £&,  is  doubtless  from  0;  Ze|ua  may 
be  an  attempt  to  understand  it  as  Greek  (SCHARFENBERG).  [net  has  no  connec-  40 
tion  with  Arab.  £>,  pi.  f^O  blamablencss,  fault,  but  must  be  derived  from  m?, 
originally  zaniwa;  the  »i  instead  of  n  represents  a  partial  assimilation  of  the 
dental  nasal  to  the  final  ^  (cf.  Ethiopic  HffD<D;);   net  =  nittt,  ni:t.    The  primitive 
meaning  of  this  stem  saniwa  seems  to  be  to  be  full;  cf.  Assyr.  zandnu,  DELITZSCH, 
Assyr.  Handivortcrbuch,  p.  26oa  and  the  remarks  ibid.  p.  324b,  s.  v.  kusbu.  —  P.  H.]     45 

(7)  ^l  fi^rj;   ©Sr,SH   dibe  SUb  as/.,  A  ©CsBsLpNVn   al. 

(8)  1^.l«b  t^N.     The  plur.  vbnn^  is  much  more  common  in  this  phrase;   in  the  two 
other  instances  in  which  the  sing,  occurs  it  is  corrected  by  the  Qere. 

(9)  bim  rrbj?  r6j?J,  so  ZIEGLER,  STUDER,  following  6  dvapnaoueOa  e-rr'  aurriv  dv  xXripuj 
(ffiSr  d.va$Y\a6)jLeQa  sub  obel?);  the  loss  of  the  ntya  before  n^bj>  is  easily  accounted  50 
for.    The  reference  is  perhaps  to  v.  18,  cf.  I,  I.    The  fact  that  we  will  go  up  is 
the  readiest  way  of  filling  the  lacuna  leaves  it  possible  that  ©  is  only  an  old 
conjecture;  even  then  it  is  probably  right.    The  other  Versions  differently:   C 


66  -««3«©^-  %ut>%te  +>§-3>sji~-  19,25—30 


ig  sumu,  suna  and  sunn,  sina  or  (with  h  instead  of  /)  htimu,  hima  and  hunit,  hina 

were  used  promiscuously. 

In  the  course  of  time  the  original  m  disappeared  entirely  in  Assyrian*  and 
Aramaic,  just  as  in  the  plural  ending  of  the  noun;  so  we  have  in  Assyr.  sunu 
'they,'  fern,  sina,  Aram,  fin  —  ,  ]'n—  .  In  Hebrew,  Arabic,  and  Ethiopic,  however,  5 
an  arbitrary  adaptation  took  place,  the  forms  with  the  original  m  being  reserved 
for  the  masculine,  and  the  byforms  with  the  secondary  n,  for  the  feminine;  so 
we  have  in  Heb.  an  —  ,  fern.  ]H  —  ,  and  in  Arabic  *A,  fern.  ^yb.  After  this  conso 
nantal  differentiation  was  established  it  was  no  longer  necessary  to  observe  the 
vocalic  differentiation  as  we  find  it  in  Assyrian  and  in  Aramaic:  hum,  fern,  him,  10 
or  him,  fem.  hin,  were  just  as  distinct  as  hum,  fern.  ///;;/,  or  hun,  fern.  hin.  In 
Arabic  the  vowel  of  the  masculine  form  prevailed:  we  find  hum,  fem.  hunna 
instead  of  the  original  humti,  fem.  hima  or  hunu,  fem.  hina;  in  Hebrew,  on  the 
other  hand,  the  masculine  vowel  u  was  entirely  superseded  by  the  feminine 
vowel  /;  therefore  we  have  hem,  hen.**  The  ^-vowel  of  these  forms  represents  15 
the  i  of  KM  in  the  same  way  as  the  #-vowel  in  Arab,  htim,  hunna  is  connected 
with  the  u  in  Kin.  The  idea  that  the  ^-vowel  in  Dr6  or  DflN  is  due  to  an  obtusion 
of  the  original  z^-vowel  (GES.-KAUTZSCH26,  §  27,  v)  is  untenable.  In  Arabic  we 
find  a  trace  of  this  £-vo\vel  in  cases  like  ^^IX*"  &c.  Here  it  is  not  quite  accurate 
to  say,  -hum  has  been  changed  into  -him,  but  the  form  -him,  which  could  at  one  20 
time  be  used  in  all  cases,  even  when  there  was  no  /-vowel  in  the  preceding 
syllable,  has  been  preserved  in  this  case  under  the  influence  of  the  preceding 
/-vowel.  There  is  a  difference  between  the  survival  of  a  byform  and  a  modi 
fication  of  the  standard  form.  The  -///  in  <^(^£  corresponds  to  the  -///  in  »atoat 
&c.  (c*2»io  =  kitdbdht).  25 

If  we  find  in  Old  Hebrew  texts  Dn  as  feminine  suffix  instead  of  ]n  (cf.  GES.- 
KAUTZSCH26,  §  135,0)  there  may  have  been  originally  (not  in  all  cases,  but  in 
some)  a  vocalic  differentiation,  viz.,  the  masculine  suffix  on  may  have  been 
pronounced  horn,  while  the  feminine  suffix  Dn  was  sounded  as  hem.  If  horn 
became  horn,  and  hem,  Jiem,  there  was  practically  no  difference  so  that  the  30 
consonantal  differentiation  became  necessary.  Cf.  also  Crit.  Notes  on  Ezra-Neh., 
p.  33,  1.  22.  -  P.  H.] 

310H.    Many  codd.  3103,  cf.  @Lp  ^  &v  dp^dKrj;  preferred  by  HOUB. 
Itfjm  »h.    Many  codd  hx. 

(25)  KSVl.    Many  edd.  (among  them  VAN  DER  HOOGHT)  have  82T1,  against  which  see  35 
the  Masorah  on  Num.  17,23  and  Deut.  4,20. 

")n»n  ni^D  Qere,  as  in  Jos.  6,15;   i  89,26;  Kethtb  rr6j?3.     A  number  of  codd. 
have  ni^ys  in  the  text  without  note. 

(28)  At  the  end   of  v.  28a  (OVN  +  gTi  f,v  vexpd,  gloss  (ZlEGLER);  (gACsBsSi-LVngH  6X\(i 
T€6vr)K€i  (C5LP  ^TeGvqKei).  4° 

(29)  ^tOBP   "?13J   ^33   nn^l,    so  Jfl6VN3S(T;    ©AHsSrLLpVnSHfc  ei<;   -ndaac,   (rdtq)   cpu\(i<; 
lopanX,  explaining  the  disposition  of  the  twelve  pieces. 

(30)  After  the   words   Tinto  this  day,  (BACsLpVn(£  _{.  Kcd  dvereiXaTO  TO!?  dvbpciaiv   ol<; 

t^ujv,  Toibe  ^peire  irpo?  iravra  avbpa  lopanX,  Ei  Y^T°ve  Kara  TO 
ToCrro  diro  Tfiq  f)u^pai;  rf\<;  dvapdaeuui;  TUUV  uiujv  lapari\  ds  AITUTTTOU  '€(uc,  45 
Tfj?  f|u^pa?  TctuTn<;;  6^a6e  ^auToi?  itepl  auTfn;  pou\r)v  Kai  XaXriaaTe,  so  sub  obel. 
cod.  121,  5H  (the  variations  are  without  significance);  so  also  Josephus  read  the 
story  (Ant.  v  ,  2  ,  8).  This  is  not  a  free  addition  or  doublet  in  (5,  but  is  manifestly 
translated  from  Heb.  We  should  expect  that  the  Levite  would  put  some  word 


*  We  must  remember  that  Assyrian    is   but   an    older   local  variety  of  Aramaic; 
see  Johns  Hopkins  Circulars,  No.   114,  p.    Il8b,  1.   23. 

**  See  Johns  Hopkins  Circulars,  No.   114,  p.   IlS*,  footnote;  cf.  ibid.  p.    118^,  1.  7. 


19,12  —  24  -<*i3«<@-g<«-  Jfubjjea  +>§-@>»ei*>~  65 


ID   (12)  0^133  Vj>  ^>N,  so  GRATZ;  consequence  of  following  emendation;  ill  "nai,  rightly 
interpreted   by    (BACsBsLLpVnjgH    ei<;   iroXiv   dXXorpiou    (improved   to    dXXorpiuuv 
in  some  cursives),  3  oppidtim  gentis  alienae,  &;  not  eiq  -rroXiv  dXXoTpiav,  (fiVNj^ 
which  would  require  us  to  read  ma3;  [cf.,  however,  GES.-KAUTZSCH26,  §  I28,w]. 
nan  ^>XW  "Oao  N1?  "WN  a  city  of  aliens,  who  are  not  of  the  Bene-Israel,  with  some     5 
codd.  of  ill  (a  correction,  but  a  sound  one)  and  some  recensions  of  (T  (Bomberg 
1518,  1525,  Antwerp.,  £c.),  GRATZ  inert);  iU  nan,  equally  difficult  as  pron.  3  fern. 
plur.,  or  as  adverb  (6VN  al.  dv  rj  OUK  ecmv  duo  uiaiv  laparjX  dibe).    6ALL?5H€  r| 
OUK  £cmv  £K  TUJV  uiwv  laparjX;  so  also  33(£  (Reuchl.,  Cod.  Br.  Mus.  2210);  but 
we  should  hardly  emend  accordingly.  10 

ill  ttiajn.  As  the  continuation  of  the  preceding,  we  should  expect  the  usual 
adversative  after  a  negative,  DX  <I2,  or  "O;  simple  1  is  as  unusual  as  the  KCU  of  (5 
in  place  of  dXXd.  Perhaps  in  the  source  from  which  the  words  were  taken  they 
read  najPI  so  they  passed  on  to  Gibeah. 

(13)  mh,  normal   orthography  which  many   codd.   have;   ill  *\b,   as  in  Num.  23,13,   15 
2  Chr.  25,17;  see  the  Masorah  on  the  latter  verse. 
ni»ipttn  nn«3,  so  some  good  codd.  (DE  Rossi);  ill  nn«2. 

(18)  "J^in  ""iN  WS  bsi,  with  ©  Kcd  ei?  TOV  olxov  JLIOU  ey^  dTrorpexw  (05VN  iropeuouai), 
so  KAUTZSCH,  GRATZ  ;  &  ~[^in  -ON  nw  n^2  nxi,  5  JJI  Vjl  J4^!  °'Vi?^-?> 

^  ^m  «3K  nin^  «»npD  n^.    In  M  n«  is  an  error  for  b»,  perhaps  helped  by  the  20 
following  HO;  m,T  n^S  probably  arose  by  the  resolution  of  VT3,  mistaken  for  an 
abbreviation  of  mm  JTO  (BOTTCHER,  KAUTZSCH;  t/i  Grit.  Notes  on  Isaiah,  p.  99, 
1.  26;  p.  167,  1.  11);  the  scribe  would  naturally  think  of  Shiloh.    3  et  nunc  vadimus 
ad  domuin  Dei  might  suggest  ^N  JV3,  but  this  would  not  accord  with  the  context. 

(19)  YQJ?  DJ?  sing.,  with  a  number  of  codd.  ;  cf.  3M,  GEDDES;  AW)  T'naj?  plur.  25 

(21)  ^OJl  Qere,  formed  like  orn  from  Dttn;  Kethib  ^13^1. 

(22)  ^3  ^a  D'»3«,   as   in  20,13;  Deut.  13,14;   i  K  21,10.     JH   ^i?a   ^a  <1»iN,   best 
described  as  suspended  annexation,  DRIVER,  Sam.,  p.  166;  ^  aix  n^J?a  n^N,  &c. 
Some  codd.  have  only  hybl  ''VM;  M  may  in  fact  be  conflate.    On  by^  see  now 
CHEYNE,  Expositor,  June  '95,  pp.  435-439,  Expository  Times,  June  '97,  pp.  423  f.,  30 
HOMMEL,  ibid.  July  '97,  p.  472. 

D^psnnD.    GRATZ  conj.  n^psno. 
(24)  Wib'Bl  as  in  vv.  2  .  25  ;  iU  ^n^j^BI. 

pnx  twice,  \rh  (so  some  codd.  and  old  edd.),  grammatical  correction;  cf.  Gen. 
19,8;  Ez.  16,50,  &c.;  Jucl.  n,i3(iH);  other  cases  of  the  same  correction  in  21,  22;  35 
ill  aniK,  Dnb.     Instances  of  masc.  suff.,  especially  in  the  plural,  referring  to  fern. 
nouns  are  numerous;  and  it  would  be  rash  to  lay  them  all  at  the  door  of  the 
scribes  (see  GES.-KAUTZSCH2^  §  135,0;  DIEHL,  Pron.  pers.  suff.,  1895);  but  it  is 
scarcely  to  be  believed  that  a  case  like  the  present  was  possible  in  Old  Heb. 
Copyists,  under  the  influence  of  Mishnic  Heb.,  in  which  the  suff.  of  both  genders  40 
was  in,  }—  ,  would  be  less  observant  of  the  distinction. 

[The  pronouns  of  the  3d  pers.  plural  in  Semitic  were  originally  su-\-ma  =  he 
and  someone,  fern,  si  +  ma  =  she  and  someone;  the  masc.  suma  (=  they}  became, 
with  vocalic  assimilation  of  the  final  vowel,  sumu,  just  as  we  have  the  suffix 
-kumu  (your)  =  -ku  (a  byform  of  -ka)  +  ma  :  abukum(ti)  'your  father'  is  literally  45 
father  of  thee  and  someone;  compare  the  Sumerian  adazunene,  that  is,  father  of 
thee  and  them.  Intervocalic  ;//  is  often  changed  into  n  (cf.  the  particle  N3'  which 
is  identical  with  the  enclitic  emphatic  -ma-*  the  plural  endings  in  Syriac  &c. 
instead  of  the  original  -m  in  Hebrew).**  So  there  must  have  been  a  time  when 


*  See  Johns  Hopkins   University  Circulars,    No.    114    (July  '94)   p.   109^;    cf.  GES.- 
AUTZSCH2^,  g  105  ,  b,  note  3. 
**  Contrast  NOI.DKKE,  Die  semitischen  Sprachen*  (Leipzig,   1899),  p.   16. 

Jud.  9 


64 

18  Glosses  to  the  same  effect  are  found  in  the  margin  of  a  number  of  MSS  of  A\  ; 

the  Jewish  tradition   was   perfectly   aware   that  the  name  was   really  ntPft.     As 
might  be  expected,  however,  ntSOO  is  found  in  many  codd.  and  old  edd.  of  HI; 
so  ©AVLVn  uiou  Mavaaaf),  5  JJLLM  (but  Ephr.  Syr.  I,  p.  327  JL»a»).    See  further 
Comm.,  pp.  400  ff.  ;  GlNSBURG,  Introduction  to  the  Hebrew  Bible,  pp.  335  ff. 
pxn  mbi  nv  ny.    HOUB.  and  KROCHMAL  (cf.  Qamhi)  conj. 


19  (2)  v^j?  *)J»m,  so  HOUB.,  BOTTCHER,  GRATZ;  (BACsBsLLpVn£$H(i-  Kai  iLpYiaOri  auriu, 
for  which  DATHE  proposed  nnm  (cf.  Neh.  2,19);  J.  D.  MICH.,  SCHLEUSNER, 
STUDER,  Ew.,  WELLH.,  mini.  A\  vby  nami,  which  was  read  also  by  ©VN  KC1i  IQ 
diropeuGri  cm'  aurou,  and  3  quae  reliquit  eum,  following  the  Jewish  interpretation 
nil  desert  (see  Rabb.  comm.),  &  \mby  H1D21  she  despised,  spurned  him  (cf.  Joseph. 
v,  2,8f.);  5  X^jtfo.  The  verb  nai  is  not  elsewhere  construed  with  by-,  and  the 
sequel  of  the  story  does  not  imply  that  the  woman  was  the  offender.  Another  not 
improbable  conjecture  would  be  *pNfi1;  this  was  corrupted  to  F|N3fil  (for  an  example  15 
of  the  confusion  of  the  two  verbs  see  Khullin  63a),  and  then,  as  the  woman  was 
no  wedded  wife,  naini  substituted  as  more  appropriate  to  the  relation  (see  Rabb. 
comm.).  So  MOORE,  Comm.,  approved  by  Bu.,  Comm. 

D'cnn  nyniN  D»  Tn,  so  GRATZ;  cf.  ©CsBs  a/_  Terpdunvov,  3.    Al,  \\ith  which 
agree  <5VNALVnSHM,  DV211  QVf-  erroneous  doublet  in  the  Old  Heb.  alphabet.  20 

(3)  ni'P.T;,  so  Qere  (according  to  BAR,  the  Oriental  school  in  the  text;  contra,  GlNSB.) 
and  all  Versions;  Kethib  ITtPn1?  that  she  might  win  him  back;  consequence  of  the 
corruption  nami  in  v.  2,  and  of  the  reflection  that  the  man  was  the  injured  party 
who  needed  to  be  reconciled. 

,T3«    rV3    NT1,    with    <5ACsBsLLPVn,SHlE    Kal    ^TTOpeuGn,    SO   KAUTZSCH;    M&™3SS  25 

insoani  she  conducted  him  into  her  father's  house;  for  the  reasons  explained  in 
the  last  note.    A\  conflicts  with  v.  4. 

(4)  A\  limn  13  ptm;  ®ACsBsLVn€  xai  ciariYorfev  aurov  6  yc'MPpo^  auxoO,  <!5Lp5H  xai 
^Kparrioe  tr\<;  xt\pbq  aurou  xai  eiar)YaTev  CXUTOV  6  yauppo^  aurou  6  -rraTrip  Tf|<; 
vedvibo<;  irpoi;   aurov   (SH  cxlaX-  sub   ast.  —  should   probably  be   a  lemniscus,  3° 
RORDAM).    KAUTZSCH  conj.  "iii  a»M  in«'3M  nnj?:n  "2K  linin  u  ptm;  this  in«o^  is 
connected  with  the  erroneous  inioani  in  v.  3. 

(8)  ''^enn  nV3.    Editorial  summation  of  the  days  in  the  composite  text. 
in»n»JVl;  A\  inononni,  imp.,  so  6  codd.  OTpcrfeu0r|Ti  [sic],  5H  linger  (see.  Hexapla 
on  Gen.  19,16;  Hab.  2,3),  for  which  (SACsBsLpVn  aTpaTeu0r)Ti  by  frequent  error  35 
in  uncial  writing  (T  for  f),  and  (with  grammatical  correction)  (6V  axpcxTeuaov;  'A, 
vuu0peu6r)Ti;   "L,   bioirpinjov.     A  different  reading  is  attested  by  05LPN  bieirXciva 
UUTOV,    or  bierrXdjuve  aurov  (codd.  52.77,  cf.  16.131),  i.  e.  innBM  (not  inj?nn  or 
inj?nvn,  SCHARFENBERG).    This   has  a  genuine  look;   perhaps  the  original  text 
was  nonem  innBM  he  persuaded  him,  and  he  lingered,  &c.    5  y^Uo  represents  40 
a  singular. 

A\  1^2«"1;  ©ACsBsLLpNVn(g  4.  Kai  g-rTlOV,  SH  sub  obel. 

(9)  riii  nvn  my  ns  «a  T1":  niyb  ovn  noa  «3  nan,  following  (5Lp  ibou  bfi  K^K\mev  TI  riutpa 
eiq  dair^pav  KaroiXuaov  iLbe  Kai  0r]uePov/  Kai  aYdQuvGnTU)  ri  xapbia  aou;  so,  with 
minor  variations  which  do  not  affect  the  reconstruction,  C5CsAL3H  ((5AL  doublet  45 
Kai   ueivaxe   aibe   after   ar)|nepov,  5H  sub  ast^;  A\  «a  la'!?  illy1?  DVn  HBI  N3  nan 
"]32^>  nB"!  ns  v1?  nrn  man  nan;  doublets,  both  corrupt;  neither  ovn  nan  nor  man 
DVn  has  any  support  in  usage.    Apart  from  (5,  we  might  conj.  naB  (Jer.  6,4);  so 
GRATZ.    Cf.  S  ^  oJL^Lo  JJ;£,  loi  jio,  ^  )b  oo, 

^n«^>.    Many  codd.  i^n«"?.  5° 

(10)  1oy  lira^Bl;  (fi1'!'  +  Kai  6  Tralq  auroO,  5H  \o»A^o  VQ6»A^.  €x\^;  i^joi;«  -X- 
(n)  1KO  T!ST  QVni,  so  GRATZ,  cf.  \  K  1  ,25;  ill  Ti,  accidental  mutilation. 

KCicXtKufa. 


30 


63 


18  thither,  seize  the  idols,  £c.  (so  also  Bu.).   It  seems  to  me  more  probable  that  the 

whole  verse  is  a  late  addition,  originating  in  a  doublet  to  v.  18;  and  that  the 
perf.  tenses  came  from  the  latter  verse,  where  they  are  grammatically  sound. 
(17.18)  (Dv  has  for  vv.  17.18  a  much  shorter  text,  viz.,  KCU  dvepncrav  oi  Trevre  avbpec; 

oi  TTOpeuQ^VTe?  KaraOK^aoGai  T^V  "ff|v,  Kai  eiaf|X6ov  ^xeT  eic;  oTKOV  Meixcua,  xai     5 
6  iepeuc;  £OTUJC;-  xai  £Xa{5ov  TO  Y\UTTTOV  xai  TO  ecpwb  KOI  TO  0epaq)€iv  xai  TO 
XUJveuTov.  xai  elirev  upo?  auTOuc;  6  iepeuc;,  Ti  uueiq  iroieiTe;  HOUB.  noted  this 
as  an  abridgment;  KAUTZSCH  and  GRATZ,  on  the  contrary,  regard  it  as  original, 
and  reconstruct  the  Heb.  text  accordingly.    But  comparison  with  05N,  the  other 
accessible  representative  of  the  same   translation  with  6V,   proves  conclusively   10 
that  the  shorter  text  of  <8V  is  merely  the  result  of  a  common  transcriptional  ac 
cident,  probably  in  the  copy  which  was  the  immediate  ancestor  of  (Sv:  the  scribe 
skipped  from  etoT|\0ov  dxei  in  v.  17  to  el0f|X6ov  eic;  olxov  Meixcuot  in  v.  18.    On 
discovering  his  mistake,  he  saw  that  nothing  essential  had  been  omitted,  except 
the  statement  that  the  priest  was  standing  by  the  door  (KCU  6  iepeu^  £aTn\uu|uevoc;   15 
irapd  Tf)  Gupcx  TOU  mj\ujvo<;,  ©N),  and  added  this  notice,  in  abbreviated  form  as 
the  exigencies  of  space  dictated,  on  the  margin,  whence  it  found  its  way  into  <BV 
in  the  wrong  place  (KCU  6  iepcu?  £aTiiuc;).    The  case  forcibly  illustrates  the  peril 
of  using  (jjv  for  critical  purposes  without  controlling  it  by  (BN.    In  (5L  also  the 
shorter  text  is  the  result  of  a  simple  homccoteleuton,  —  the  scribe  having  skipped  20 
from  TO  x^veuTov  i°  to  TO  X^veuTov  2°,  —  as  the  other  representatives  of  this 
version  (©ACsBsLpYnSHfiC)  attest. 

(18)  A\  (cf.  32)  llBNn  ^DB  n«;  C55  supply  the  conjunction,  and  the  Ephod;  STUDER 
inserts    nxi,    which   necessitates   the  further  correction  ^DBH  (KAUTZSCH).    The 
glossing  is  more  awkward  than  usual.  25 

(19)  IN,  introducing  the  s*econd  member  of  a  disjunctive  question,  is  unusual;  DN  would 
be  regular.    See  KONIG,  Syntax,  §  353,  n. 

(20)  3*?  2to"l.     GRATZ  conj.  wya  ats^i,   which  is  more  natural,   and  not  improbably 
right. 

.itt  ^DSn  nsi;  ffi  +  Kai  TO  x^veuTov,  as  in  other  places,  completing  the  inventory;  30 
KAUTZSCH  and  GRATZ  accordingly,  nroan  n«i. 

(21)  [t)on  nx  lO^V.   Bu.,  Coinm.,  with  much  probability  conjectures  that  the  mention 
of  the  'women  has  accidentally  dropped  out;  read:  f)Bn  DN1  D'twn  ns  lO11^!.] 

(27)  n3"D  n^J?  I^K  bDBn  n»,  so  GRATZ  (2  codd.  —  equally  by  conj.);  Al  and  the  Versions 
'»  ntpy  lirN  nS;  the  noun  may  have  been  omitted  to  make  the  statement  more  35 
indefinite,  the  whole  apparatus;  cf.  ©AL  al.  oaa  diroir|aev.    [Bu.  conj.  IIBNn  riK.] 
Possibly  the  original  word  was  DTt^Nn  (v.  24),   in  which  case  there  would  be  a 
stronger  motive  for  the  suppression. 
tf^  hy,  so  4it(5VN  al.;  many  codd.  1J7,  ©ALLp^ii  ('a^.  probably  original;  cf.  $>. 

(29)  DB>3.    Many  codd.  and  edd.  DPS;  so  ©ACsBsLLP5H  (T  (Antwerp).  40 

(30)  npo  ]3,  (5N  uiou  Mujuan,  3  filii  Moysi;  (0LP  (conflate)  uto<;  Mavaaaii  uiou  (var. 
uloq)  Tnpaau  uiou  Muuan,  so  also  Theodoret,  ,$H  oif^  vli*^'«ft,?  t*'^  Jjtiao;  c^^  •)•(• 
^otai^o  \oo(  jLjioM;   (asterisks  in  the  codex  also  before  va*»:^!,?  anc^  Oo(  m  the 
middle  of  a  line;  metobelus  only  after  oo»),  and  Bar  Hebneus  (quoted  in  P^IELD). 

Al  n^ao  p,  with  Nnn  suspensum,  the  significance   of  which  is  explained  in  the  45 
Tosephta,   Sanhedrin,  14,8  (p.  437  eel.  ZUCKERMANDEL).     After  explaining  the 
case  of  Kiel,  who  rebuilt  Jericho  (i  K  16,34),  the  Tos.  continues:  —  pJl.Tl  13  N3V31 
noVo  «•?«  ?ni»303  n3T  n'jn-'a  no1?!  ?«in  n»o  ]3  &6m  sin  n»io  p  sai  .n^ao  p  nwii  p 
S^ns  i"Qin  painty  ^4  similar  case  is,   And  Jonathan,  the  son  of  Gershom, 
the  son  ofManasseh.     Was  he,  then,  the  son  of  Manasseh?     Was  he  not  the  50 
son  of  Moses  ~     Why,  then,  is  the  thing  faste  tied  on  Manasseh?    It  teaches  that 
men  fasten  guilt   upon  the  guilty.     Similarly,  Jcr.  Berakhoth  10,2,   fol.  I2d:  ]U 
13  IN1?  DS1  nt?D  p  nst  ON  ^n;  and  at  greater  length,  Bab.  Baba  Bat  lira  io9h. 


62  «•!»«©•£<»  jjutyte  *>3«>Bft~-  1  8,  8  —  17 


t'£u)v  en.auupou<;  (®v  6r|o~aupoO),  in  which  the  doublets  (isy  13X,  CAPPEL)  are  to 
be  noted;  5  A^OQ  j^j  JLal  J.xiJLa  ;^»,  XA,o,  <£  ^mv  XJHX3  XOJHB  p"UOn  jv!?1 
^vyt,  3  w////^  ci  pcnitus  resistente,  tiiagnarumque  opuin. 

<n©vN35  mx  DJ>  on1?  v«  -oil;  ©ACsSrLLpVn^Hg  uerd  Zupias,  /.  *.  mx  DJ?;  so  also  in 
v.  9;  otherwise  in  v.  28.    The  reading  Dix  should  probably  have  been  received     % 
into  the  text;  see  Bu.,  Comm.    The  confusion  of  D1X,  D^X,  DIN  is  very  common. 

(8)  D'TPO    Dnx   HO   w//a/    «w<tf  do  you    bring-    back?,    cf.    2  S  24,13;    Num.  13,26 
(GRATZ);  &,  Dnx  HO,  the  predicate  having  fallen  out.    <&  TI  uuefc;  Kd0r|a6e;  (as 
this  question  seemed  to  be  appropriate  only  in  the    mouths  of  the  explorers, 
(gVN  recast  the  sentence:  KO!  eiuov  TOI<;  dbeXqpoi<;  auriuv,  adopted  by  KAUTZSCH).   10 
Bu.   (R-S}   conj.   that   xdGnaGe   represents   D^trno   v.  9b   (accidentally  misplaced 
there),  and  would  emend  accordingly:  D"B>no  DHX  no;  so  KAUTZSCH.    But  in  v.  9b 

(0  renders  D^no  by  aiumdre,    dueXeire,    iiauxciZieTe;   nor  is  KaGnuai  anywhere 
found  in  the  ©  translations  for  ntPnn  or  ty^nn.      More  probably  KuGriaGe  here 
represents  a  corruption  of  D^tfO  BnN;   after  the  loss  of  0  by  haplography  the   15 
word  was  read  D'2$\   S  ^oiwll  J-ajaJ,  possibly  read  D^aB*.   [For  other  possibilities, 
see  BU.,  CoinniJ\ 

(9)  10ip,  with  codd.  (Qerc  of  the  Oriental  school)  and  old  edd.  of  ill,  and  all  the 
Versions,  including  £;  HOUB.,  STUDER,  al.  •  M  noip.    [The  sing,  may  be  defended 
by  the  analogy  of  f!3^.]  20 
In  ©ALLp  al.  (also,  sub  obeL,  in  (BSr  and  5H)  we  find  a  doublet  to  v.  9a,  with  slight 
variations  as  follows:  —  Avd0Tr)Te  KCU  dvapoiuev  dit'  a^TOix;,  -f-  on  eiar)\0a,uev  Kai 
£vTTepieimTr|aauev  ^v  rfj  Y^J  ?iu?  £i?  Aataa,  xai  eibo.uev  TOV  Xaov  TOV  xaToiKoOvru 

ev  auTfj  £v  d\TTibi  Kara  TO  auYKpi|aa  TUJV  Iibuuviuuv  Kai  inaxpav  dir^xovra^  (al. 

K  Zibujvo?,  Kai  Xoyoc;  OUK  r\v  auroTc;  uerd  Zupia<;.  d\\d  dvaarrire  Kai  25 
TT'  auxout;:  ort  eupr)Ka|uev  (duupciKauev)  Tr|V  jf\v,  K.  T.  £.  (©Sr).    The 
first  part   of  this,   at  least  from  eiar]\6auev  to  Aaiaa,   has  the  presumption  of 
originality;  in  £1  the  place  to  which  the  exploring  party  proposed  to  lead  their 
clansmen  is  not  named  at  all,  though  the  words  Dn^j?  i~6j?}1  101  p  presume  some 
such  information.    [Bu.  is  led  by  this  observation  to  suspect  the  word  Di"P^J>,  the  30 
removal  of  which  would  relieve  this   difficulty.]    What    follows  may  be  merely 
repeated  from  v.  7.   Unskilful  combination  of  the  sources  has  given  rise  to  other 
difficulties  in  these  verses  for  which  textual  criticism  has  no  remedy. 
D"wno  nnNi,  cf.  i  K  22,3;  2K  7,9;  in  the  former  of  these  passages,  D"^no  I3na«l 
nnH  rinp.O,  construed  with  ]0;  here  perhaps  originally  with  one  of  the  following  35 
infinitives  (DD^,  N131?)  ;  the  absolute  use  is  also  possible  :  you  are  doing  nothing 
about  it  f    [For  another  restoration  of  these  verses  see  Bu.,  Coining 

(14-18)  A  radical  reconstruction  of  the  text  was  attempted  by  WELLH.  in  BLEEK.4,  p.  199; 
withdrawn,  Composition,  p.  356. 

(14)  psn  n«  br6;  M  +  wb;  A  C5CsBsLPv»,  05Sr<SH  sub  aster.  ;  a  gloss.    Bu.  (R-S]  retains  40 
Laish  and  omits  p«n  DN  bnb. 

[wyn  no  lyn.    Analogy  would  suggest  IN-il  tyi,  Bu.,  Coming 

(15)  n3*O  n'3,  harmonistic  note,  identifying  the  residence  of  the  Levite  with  that  of 
his  master. 

(16)  nniinn  »"Kn  nixo  »»l,  the  six  hundred  spoken  of  before,  cf.  v.  17;  C5  ot  ^EaKoaioi  45 
avbpeq;  Jfl  nniin  V»,  indefinite. 

p  '330  IB'N.  KAUTZSCH  thinks  the  words  a  gloss,  which  was  meant  to  follow 
»"K  niXO  WW1;  GRATZ  makes  the  same  transposition. 

(17)  '131  Vosn  n«  inp1?  notr  1X2.     The  asyndetic  perfects  are  anomalous  in  narrative 
prose.   WELLH.  formerly  (see  above,  1.  38)  proposed  to  read  the  verbs  as  impera-  50 
lives  [so  Bu.,  Comm.},  1X3,  inp^  (itself  an  anomaly;  the  imp.  np^>  Ex.  29,1  is  per 
haps  accidental,  after  ^;  the  two  other  instances  are  both  late  and  dubious), 
and  to  connect  them  with  the  end  of  v.  14:  Now  know  what  you  must  do;  go 


17,5—18,7  -°«3«<©-g<»  jfw&<5««  *>§-©»s**>-  61 

17  Waw  cxplicativuin  before  glosses  see   Crit.  Notes  on  Ezekiel,    p.  46,  1.  53.  — 
P.  H.] 

(5)  rD'fi  tTNni.    BUDDE,  Comm.,  queries  whether  the  name  may  not  have  supplanted 
an  original  naa  he  built. 

(7)    <fl  mirr  nnStPftn;  A  SA  and  in  a  single  Heb.  MS  (homa^oteleuton),    HOUB.,  }.  D.     5 
MICH.,  DATHE,  ZIEGLER,  GEDDES,  and,  among  recent  critics,  STUDER  and 
KUENEN  reject  the  words  as  a  gloss ;  but  the  last  thing  a  glossator  would  do  is 
to   represent  a   Levite  as   of  Judean  extraction.     Bu.  (A'-S)  regards  the  words 
mirP  Dr6  JV3.fi  in  v.  7a  as  a  gloss,  derived  from  v.  8a  in  the  other  source;  GRATZ 
rejects  the  same  words  in  v.  8a  as  a  dittogram  from  v.  7a.    [Bu.,  Comm.,   thinks  10 
that  rnirP  must  have  displaced    another  name,    either  vbn  or  more  probably 
ntfo,  18,31.] 

(10)  The  last  words  of  this  verse  in  M  are  ^hfl  "j^l,  which  the  Versions  also  found 
here;  beyond  doubt  a  corrupt  doublet  to  the  following  ^bn  ^NTl,  STUDER,  BERTH., 
KAUTZSCH,   GRATZ,  al.     OTTLI  would  read  \h*\,  which  is  not  suitable  in   this  15 
context. 

18  (i)  ^l&  nbn33.    STUDER  would  supply  before  this  word:  psn,  as  in  all  similar  cases 

(£2.47,17.22;  45,1;  Num.  34,2;  26,53;  Jos.  13,6;  23,4,  &c.);  633  render  only 
nbrtl     If  the  words  came  from  the  old  source,  we  should  without  hesitation  20 
emend:  r6ro,  which  correction  is  found  in  a  few  codd.  of  M;  in  a  gloss,  perhaps 
of  late  date,  we  have  to  admit  that  the  writer,  having  in  mind  the  phrase  men 
tioned  above,  may  have  written  incorrectly  r6rU3. 

(2)  &3S&  DnnBBteo  sing.;   ®ASrixP   IK  TO,V  0uYYevei*v   OUIITUJV  (5H,  (P8  ^5  0uy. 
Yeveictc;  auTOJv),  (5VN  al.  diro  brjuujv  auraiv,  i.  e.  nnhSBtefc  plur.,  perhaps  better.     25 
Jit  DniUpfi;  A  (DVN  a/  _§      jn   @VN  the  omission  may  have  been  occasioned  by 
some  confusion  in  the  critical  signs  of  a  Hexaplar  copy;  cf.  6Sr5H. 
(2.3)  M  ro'0  rP3  ny  non  :n»  13^1 ;  @VN;  connecting  wrongly,  nai  r|U\ia6r|aav  ^KGI  auroi 
dv  OIKLU  M. 

(5)  133">T  n^^Lj,  Qal,  as  in  Jer.  12,1,  whether  our  expedition  will  be  successful,  so  30 
<gAVLN  a/_.  jji  nbsnn  Hif.  (Gen.  24,42;  15.48,15  —  read,  with  65,  rrbxNi;  cf. 
CHEYNE  ad  fac.'),  in  which  case  the  subject  nw  must  be  supplied,  and  the  verb 
corrected,  !rV2rn  or  rP^on;  cf.  ©CsBsLpVn  a/t  The  former  alternative  is  the  more 
probable  (STADE).  Jos.  1,8  "J3"n  n«  rrbsn  »N  "3,  is  an  instance  of  a  different 
idiom  (rP^xn  2  sing.  masc.).  35 

(7)  n^1?,  locative  of  wh  vv.  14.27.29.    In  Jos.  19,47  Qtfh,  properly  DB'b  (WELLH.). 
ntsa1:  naB?r.    The  fem.  part,  does  not  agree  with  the  natural  antecedent,  Dj?n, 
which  has  moreover  its  own  complement  in  ntani  tipl^  below;  and  can  only  by 
a  very  forced  construction  be  taken  with  the  suff.  in  nmp2  (SEE.  SCHMID,  al.}. 
If,  with  CLERICUS  and  HOUB.,  we  should  remove  the  grammatical  discord  by  40 
emending:  2B>V,  the  tautology  would  remain  (STUDER).    In  our  text  it  is  supposed 
that  the  words  come  from  a  second  source,  and  have  been  imperfectly  adapted 
to   their  new   surroundings;   originally  they   were   preceded  by  some  such  ex 
pression  as  vyn  n«  iNxn'i  (or  wh  n«);  cf.  Jer.  33,16;  Is.  47,8;  Zeph.  2,15  (Bu.). 
It  must  be  confessed,  however,  that  such  imperfect  assimilation  of  his  materials  45 
by  a  redactor  has  grave  improbabilities. 

ptO  1»K  "OT  "?D  IIDHD  \K\  emended  in  conformity  to  v.  iob,  with  BERTHEAU, 
BU.,  KAUTZSCH;  M  1SJ>  l^nv  pto  "in  0^30  ]"K1.  The  last  words  were  not  trans 
lated  in  the  oldest  ©  Version;  ©CsBsLpVn  Ka\  ^  buvaja^vou?  Xa\f|<Ku  f)fi|ua  sine 
addit.,  C5Sr  +  -X-  ev  Tf|  yrj  xXripovouoi;  6r|aaupou  (<SH  has  only  JLxiJLa  sub  as/.,  see  5° 
FIELD,  LAG.;  not  lto*x£o;,  RORDAM);  ^v  T^|  Ttl  nas  found  its  way  into  ®A)  the 
whole  into  05L  al.  (£.  Otherwise  the  Versions  represent  Jit  as  well  as  they  can; 
(5VN  KCU  OUK  ^ariv  biarpeTTUJV  f\  KaTaiaxuvUJV 


6o  -"ue**©-^  2fu&3«e  $3-©»e**>~  17,2.3 


16  Shamgar  (cf.  2  823,1  if.  XJX  p  nstf,  and  see  Coinm.,  p.  106;.  If  in  some  way 
the  name  was  corrupted  to  "i:titf  (5,6),  the  verse  would  almost  of  necessity  be 
transposed  to  a  place  before  c.  4.  Observe,  further,  that  in  the  ©  text  quoted 
above  (p.  59,  1.  42)  Shamgar  is  introduced  by  the  regular  formula  for  the  Minor 
Judges,  Kdi  dWarri  uerd  TOV  lauiyuuv,  /.  e.  pBtot?  nn«  Dp11!;  9^  10,  i  yJO'ax  nnx  Dp'!  5 
'UV  Similarly  ©  in  3,31,  xai  |U€T'  aur6v  dvearr),  while  Jfl  has  the  awkward  \Tl 
yinx,  to  which  there  is  no  parallel  in  Jucl.  The  suspicion  that  in  5,6  Shamgar 
ben-Anath,  with  his  foreign  and  heathenish  name,  was  not  a  deliverer  but  an 
oppressor  of  Israel  (Comjii.,  p.  143)  thus  gains  in  strength.  [See  now  Bu., 
Coinm.,  on  3,31;  and  MOORE,  Journ.  Amer.  Orient.  Sac.,  19,159^]  10 

17    (2)  1^  vtfh  IPX.   KLOSTERMANN  conj.  unnecessarily  i"?n«o. 

n^X  nxi  Qere;  Kethib  vr^>X  "nxi  (BAR,  GINSB.).  Other  edd.  (including  those  of 
JACOB  KHAYYIM  and  NORZI)  have  n^N  in  the  text  without  any  note.  The  latter 
reading  is  probably  that  of  ©v  al.  KGU  ue  fipciauu  Onx).  !5 

(2-4)  M  'ax  vix  *\D3n  nan  <itx3  max  nil  wb«  TXT  "i1?  np^>  n»«  *p3n  -xoi  e^x  lax1?  nex"i 
vicnpn  cnpn  i»x  nnxm  icx"?  *p3n  nxoi  t)bx  nx  nt^i  :mrr^  '•ii  *ji"i3  lax  noxm  vnnpb 
IDK  npm  inx1?  r]o:n  nx  am  n1?  ua^x  nnyi  nsoot  'TDSS  n-.^j?1?  "33b.<iTO  ni,Tb  tjosn  rx 
'lil  ^-nsb  inarm  «\D3  Q'rx».  This  text,  which  is  substantially  that  of  all  the  Ver 
sions,  is  manifestly  in  disorder.  The  author  cannot  have  made  Micah  return  the  20 
silver  to  his  mother  twice  (vv.  3a-4a).  Bu.,  followed  by  KAUTZSCH,  conjectures 
that  the  last  words  of  v.  3  (l"?  1JTPX  nnjM)  and  v.  4:i  originally  followed  v.  2a  ('3X 
Tinp^);  when  they  had  been  accidentally  displaced,  the  substance  of  v.  4a  was 
restored  in  v.  3a,  not  exactly  in  the  right  place.  There  remains,  however,  an 
other  difficulty.  After  the  words  ^1X2,  m»X  Oil  (v.  2),  which  it  is  very  forced  to  25 
refer  to  the  preceding  'curse  (we  should  expect  man),  we  expect  to  hear  what 
the  mother  said;  Bu.  supposes  that  the  words  were  suppressed  through  a  scruple 
such  as  led  to  the  alteration  of  the  text  in  i  S25,22  &c.;  but  in  the  present 
instance  this  does  not  seem  very  likely.  On  the  other  hand,  v.  3b«  stands  in  M 
in  an  unsuitable  place.  In  the  restoration  in  our  text  it  is  therefore  assumed  that  30 
the  words  '131  nin"6  fpan  nx  "ncnpn  Enpn  in  v.  3b  are  the  original  sequel  of  nil 
"31X3  max  v.  2  :  the  mother  had  not  only  pronounced  a  curse  upon  the  unknown 
thief,  but  had,  in  the  hearing  of  her  son,  consecrated  the  silver  to  JHVH  for  a 
specified  purpose,  so  that  it  could  not  without  sacrilege  be  used  for  any  other 
(cf.  the  effect  of  the  ]31p,  D31p,  &c.  in  the  Jewish  law).  By  the  fear  of  the  curse  35 
and  the  taboo,  the  son  was  moved  to  make  restitution.  So  the  passage  is  under 
stood  by  3  (v.  3)  reddidit  ergo  eos  matri  suae,  quae  dixerat  ei:  Consecravi  ct 
vovi  hoc  argentum  Domino,  &c.;  cf.  also  CLERICUS  and  ZIEGLER.  The  displace 
ment  of  the  words  was  perhaps  not  altogether  accidental;  a  scribe  may  have 
thought  that  the  consecration  was  meant  to  avert  or  nullify  the  curse,  and  must  40 
naturally  come  after  the  son's  confession.  If  this  conjecture  be  sound,  the  other 
transpositions  in  our  text  follow  of  themselves;  v.  3a  is  omitted  as  doublet  to 
v.  4a.  No  other  operation  of  textual  criticism  is  so  precarious  as  such  trans 
positions  on  purely  internal  grounds;  and  the  present  attempt  is  subject  to  all 
the  reserve  which  is  due  in  such  cases.  [For  a  different  restoration  of  the  text  45 
see  Bu.,  Comm.,  p.  113.] 

(3b)  nsb,  with  ©ACsSrLLpVn3H£  KUTCt  uovai;  from  my  hand  alone;  an  additional  pre 
caution  in  the  consecration,  which  could  not  IDC  satisfied  by  the  thief's  taking 
part  of  the  silver  to  make  an  idol  ;  Jtt©VNt(J  ^^  nns,  £A  -*?  -^l  <J4.  [Bu., 
Comm.,  argues  forcibly  against  this  emendation.]  5° 

n3D01  ^DD.  Throughout,  ^DB  seems  to  be  original;  n3DB1  is  a  gloss  inspired 
by  the  reflection  that  the  idol  was  made  of  silver  by  the  *p1S;  the  11BX 
D"B"ini,  on  the  contrary,  come  from  the  other  version  of  the  story.  [For  the 


16,26—31  -«H3«©-3*-  jfu&S'6  ^•^f&*-  59 

16  pntri,  as  in  the  preceding  half-verse  and  in  v.  27;  M  pnX'1.  Except  Ez.  23,32 
pnx  is  found  only  in  the  Pentateuch.  The  different  spelling  is  perhaps  not 
without  critical  significance.  The  older  Greek  Version  has  xai  ^vtTraiZov  auru), 
as  if  n  Mym  (19,25),  which  may  have  been  altered  in  conformity  with  v.  25*; 
(/!  @V  Kdi  £-TTcu£ev  eviimiov  auTwv  xai  dpcbn^ov  CXUTOV,  xai  £0Tnaav  aurov  dvu  5 
ueaov  TWV  KIOVUJV.  [pnfc>  with  to  (Ethiopic  I'Vh'J1;}  is  the  original  form;  the  S  in 
pns  is  due  to  partial  assimilation  of  the  initial  sibilant  to  the  final  p;  cf.  Beitr.  s. 
Assyr.  1,2.  In  Ez.  23 , 32  pn^>  is  canceled  by  CORNILL,  following  (5 ;  see  TOY  adloc.} 

(26)  ^tstorn   Jet  me  fed  the  columns,  as  the  sense  requires;  ill  Kethib  "WOTTi;  Qere 
^""oni.    It  is  possible  that  tola  (as  in  Aram.,  Syr.)  existed  in  Old  Heb.  by  the   10 
side  of  B>t5>0  in  the  same  sense,  or  that  there  was  contamination  in  these  forms 
(KoNiG,  '1"J?  analogy');  but  more  probable  that  "Wen  is  to  be  set  to  the  account 

of  the  scribes,  who  may  have  been  influenced  by  Aramaic,  or  have  meant  to 
hint  at  a  double  sense,  let  me  feel  (t?»D),  and  let  me  remove  (tPID  Mic.  2,3,  see 
Qamhi)  the  columns.  \  5 

(27)  DWin.    If  the  preceding  clauses,  from  nat?1,   were  part  of  the  original  text,  the 
participle  would  have  to  be  indefinite,  and  the  article  should  be  struck  out  as 
an  accidental  repetition  of  the  final  n  in  rtWN ;  cf.  fcACsSrLLpVn.    The  removal  of 
the  words  overlined  in  our  text,  which  seem  to  contain  two  successive  additions 

to  the  original  narrative,  leaves  D'Win  an  unimpeachable  connection:  —  n^ni  20 

^WKn  N!?». 

©v  ux  ^TrraKocnoi,  cod.  237  ux  rpiax^ioi  dirTaKomot,  conflate; 
Theodorct,  three  thousand  men  and  many  times  more  women. 

(28)  DJJBn,  idiomatic,  as  in  6,39;  15,3;  16,18;  Jtt  +  ntn;  but  as  DJ?B  is  uniformly  fern. 

(2  S  23,8  is  corrected  by  the  Qere),  the  demonstrative  is  probably  a  late  gloss.  25 
[An  alternative  is  to  suppose  that  ntn  is  accidental  error  for  mrP,  and  DTtbttn 
an  ill-fitting  restoration  (Bu.,    Coming;   cf.  note  on  \\i  45,7  and  Crit.  Notes  on 
Ezekiel,  p.  52,  1.  52.] 

Jfl  -O"?  TITO  nn«  np:  nopiKI,  Jer.  Sofa  1 ,8,  fol.  i7b,  vengeance  for  one  of  my  two 
eyes;  ©ACsSrLLpVn^H  ^KbiKriauu  ^KbiKriaiv  uiav  dvri  TUJV  buo  (  (5L)  o^GaXjuujv  30 
uou,  ©VN  dvTaTTobiijauj  dvTatroboaiv  juiav  irepi  TUJV  buo  oqpGaXuujv  uou,  3  ut 
ulciscar  me  de  hostibus  meis,  et  pro  amissione  diionim  luminuin  unam  tiltionem 
rccipiam;  GRATZ  accordingly  emends:  nn«.  The  preposition  p  in  Titrtt  is, 
however,  hardly  reconcilable  with  the  reading  iriN  Dp3  or  nn«  n»pi;  usage  re 
quires  ^J?.  On  internal  grounds  also  we  should  probably  prefer  &.  S  >*J^}U;  35 
uixN.  ^l'^?  '^JOJ?J,  without  the  numeral  one.  DOORN.  would  omit  nn«;  but  the 
same  objection  from  the  preposition  would  lie  against  this;  we  should  have  to 
go  further  and  omit  TWO  also,  reading  "m  '3'J>  Dpi,  which  would  be  free  from 
difficulty,  but  is  too  violent  a  remedy  to  commend  itself. 

(30)  en.  ffiVNxai  dpdaraHev,  @LP  K<xi  bi^aeiaev;  3  concussisque  fortitcr.  SCHARFENBERG  40 
conj.  that  they  read  ti^o^l. 

(31)  After  v.  31  ©LPV"  al.  5H  and  the  Slavic  version  (cited  in  H-P)  add  KCU  dveOTn 
uerd  TOV  Zauv^uuv  ZeueYap  (var.  EjaeYap)  uio^  Evav  xai  eKOVjjev  ^K  TUJV  d\\ocpu- 
Xuiv  dEaKoaiou?  (A  <5Vn,  accidental  omission  of  x';  cf.  cod.  121)  dvbpa<;  ^KTO;  TUJV 
KrnvuJv,  xai  iKpive  (al.   gauuae)  Kai  auTO?  TOV  IcrparjX.     This  verse  stands  in  ill  45 
and  all  the  Versions  (including  these  recensions  of  6)  in  3,31.     Differences  in 
the  translation  show  that  it  was  not  brought  over  to  this  place  from  3,31  in  the 

(5  text,  but  was  found  here  by  these  translators  or  revisers  in  their  copies  of  .ill. 
In  SH  there  are  no  critical  signs;  but  in  <5121  the  whole  is  sub  obel.  Beyond 
question,  the  Philistine  fighter  comes  more  appropriately  after  Samson  than  at  50 
the  beginning  of  the  period  of  the  Judges;  and  it  is  perhaps  not  too  bold  to 
conjecture  that  this  is  the  original  position  of  the  brief  account  of  his  exploit. 
On  other  grounds  it  is  doubtful  whether  the  name  of  the  hero  was  originally 


5  8  •ofs*®-^    \ti>c$ttt  *3-©*8&<>-  1  6,  1  4  —  25 


16           xeqmXfi;  uou  auv  TUJ  bidauaTt  [  Kcti  dYKpouariq  TUJ  iraaadXiy  ei?  TOY  TOIXOV,  xai 
£ao|aai  die;  eic;  TUJV  dvGpuimjuv  da6evr)c;.  xai  tftvtto  iv  TUJ  KoiudaGai  auTov  xai 
£Xa(5ev  AaXeiba  Tdc;  £Trrd  aeipd?  Tf|c;  xe(paXf|<;  OUTOU  xai  uqpavev  £v  TUJ  bidauaTi 
xai  £iTr|£ev  TUJ  TtaaadXuj  eic;  TOY  TOIXOV,  xai  eTirev,  x.  T.  £.  (so,  with  variations  which 
may  here  be  disregarded,  (DN;  the  other  recensions  show  the  results  of  conflation     5 
or  contamination;  cf.  also  3).    Neither  of  these  translations  is  entirely  free  from 
glosses;   but  by  comparing  them  with  each  other  and  with  the  corresponding 
passages  in  the  account  of  the  other  trials  the  Heb.  original  may  be  restored  as 
in  our  text.     The  lacuna  is  supplied  from  (5  by  HOUB.,  J.  D.  MICH.,  GEDDES, 
BERTH.,  DOORN.  (Tekstkritiek,  and  Theol.  Tijdschrift  '94,  pp.  27  f.,  reads  lypnni   10 
and  inae^),  MOORE,  Proc.  Am.  Or.  Soc.,  '89,  p.  clxxvi  ff.,  GRATZ,  KAUTZSCH,  al. 
[Bu.,  Cornm.,  p.  106,  restores  the  text  after  (a)  above  (p.  57,  1.  48):  —  1JV3  fl?j?rn 
nrioan  DJ?  itfs'n  nisbno  jntfviN  ansni  inat^.ni  onxn  nn«3  vv\ni  vv^m.  This  is  method 
ically  sounder.] 

(14)  n»r\  nx  J?DM;  Jtt  :ixn  nn\n  nx  ;  the  Versions  also  all  represent  the  word.   KAUTZSCH   1  5 
removes  the  grammatical  difficulty  by  emending:  in11,  as  older  scholars  had  done. 
More  probably  IJVn  is  a  gloss,  originally  written  in  the  margin  as  a  conjectural 
correction  for  iisn,   by  a  scribe  who  understood  that  the  pin  in  vv.  I3b.i4a  was 
used  to  fasten  the  web  to  the  wall  ((0)  or  ground  (3),  and  thought  that  the  verb 
J?DS1  here  described  the  pulling  out  of  this  pin  or  nail.    The  i;v  was  a  pointed  20 
piece  of  wood  with  which  the  woof  was  beaten  up,  corresponding  to  the  airdOri 
employed  by  the  Greeks  in  the  upright  loom  (BRAUN);  fiSDO  is  the  web  itself; 
JIN,  the  loom.    On  these  and  other  technical  terms  connected  with  weaving  see 
PADS  cited  above  (1.  1  1). 

At   the   end  of  v.  14   ©ACsLLpNVn  a^  (,$H  su&  #&>/.)  +  xai  OUK  dYvuja6r|  f]  \a\vc,  25 
auTou,  which  would  be  suitable  at  this  point  (Bu.),  but  may,  for  that  reason,  have 
been  borrowed  from  v.  15. 
(16)  D^TI  bl;  (DALLPVn  ai  ^H(£  gx^v  Tr]v  VUXTU. 

(18)  "6  T3H  "O,  so  Qere,  many  codd.  and  old  edd.  of  Jit  in  the  text,  and  all  Versions; 
Kethib  rb,  accidental  repetition  of  rft  in  the  same  phrase  just  above.  30 
iTbx  l^yi,  so  many  codd.  of  Al,  STUDER,  KEIL,  al.  \  tfl  l^j?i,  grammatically  impossible. 

(19)  iT313  by.    (BACsSrLLpVnJHd  avd  |U^aov  TUJV  fovaTUJV  auTfj?;  DOORN.  would  read 
p.    Cf.  05  4,21;  5,27. 

4tt(Bv<I  wxb  Nnpni;  (0  reL  5H(6  TOV  xoupea,  3  tonsorem,  S  i^.^^..    The  more 
specific  word  may  have  been  suggested  by  the  context.  35 

T\bv\,   as  the  context  seems  to  require;   what  else  was  the  man  called  in  for? 
so  CLERICUS  (tacitly),  J.  D.  MICH.,  KAUTZSCH,  GRATZ,  Bu.;  JltM  nbirn,  con 
formation  to  the  preceding  and  following  verbs;  (03  are  ambiguous.    The  alter 
native  would  be  to  strike  out  the  words  wvb  Nlpm  (DOORN.2). 
ni3S$  brm,  with  <BACsSrLLPNVn3H(6  xui  rjpHaTo  Ta-rreivoOaeai,  DOORN.,  KAUTZSCH  40 
(nia»V);  iftSfc  1*113»^  br\Fn,  which  3  interprets,  coepit  abigere  en  in  el  a  se  depellere. 
The  passive  seems  to  agree  better  with  the  meaning  of  n3J>  (cf.  vv.  5.6  above) 
and  the  context;   his  humiliation   began,  and  his  strength  departed   from  him. 
M  may  have  arisen  through  dittography  of  1,  but  the  error  was  perhaps  favor 
ed  by  a  different  interpretation  of  H3J?  (torinenf).  45 

(21)  o^TDKn  JV32  Kethib  here  and  in  v.  25;  Qere  in  both:  D'llDKn,  intended  perhaps  as 
plural,  not  of  "nDN,  which  would  be  at  variance  with  the  principle  of  the  correc 
tion  in  Gen.  39,20,  but  of  11DN,  15,  14,  cf.  TlDXn  no  Jer.  37,  15. 

(23)  iaT3.    Here  and  in  v.  24  many  codd.  and  old  edd.,  la^TX     In  both  verses  also 

la'TN  is  found  in  many;  while  13^n  is  strongly  supported.  5° 

(25)  na1?  31B  "3  Kethib  (3lB'3);  Qere  31183.  In  the  Kethib,  31tD  is  perf.;  the  punctuation, 
not  recognizing  this  form,  unnecessarily  substitutes  the  inf.  On  the  variations  of 
codd.  and  edd.  see  DE  Rossi. 


15,10  —  i6,i4  -•**&*&<&  jifu&3«e  -^-sj»s**>--  57 

15     (10)  Jtt  irty;  (5Sr3H  dWfhiiuev  j«£  «^/.;  A  ©Lp  <?/.  ;  the  word  could  well  be  spared. 
(14)   iltC5v  B>N3  "HJD  "IIPN;1  ©AL  al.  r)viKa  dv  60qppav6f|  irupoc;,  conformation  to  16,9. 

(16)  Dvnisn  man  nionn  Ti^a  I  heaped  them  all  tip;  &  o^rnbn  lion,  or  n-r^bn  (BAR), 
a  noun  joined  to  its  own  dual,  as  in  D'jnorn  cm,  D"n»p1  nap,  5,30;  cf.  Sfit.    (5 
££aXeiqpu>v  dEriXeuya  ((5LN  ^EaXeiiiJiu)  OUTOU<;,  rightly  recognizing  in  the  words  an     5 
infinitive  absolute  and  its  verb  (cf.  3  delevi  eos)\  so  HOUB.,  J.  D.  MICH.,  GEDDES, 
DOORN.,  MATTHES,  BUDDE,  KAUTZSCH,  GINSBURG,  BUHL,  al.,  all  making  the 
verb   Qal,   D'fnan  lion,    and,    for  the  rest,   interpreting  very  variously  (HOUB., 
disturbavi,  as  tan  in  Aram.;  GEDDES,  I  have  completely  routed  them;  }.  D.  MICH., 
Ich  habe  sie  dicke  iiber  einander  gehduft;  &c.).  J.  D.  MICH,  referred  in  explana-  10 
tion  of  (8   dSaXeiqpuu  to  the  Arab.  -*,-».  pare,  peel,  skin  (syn.  lsx*o,  £&**,  (j^*-)> 
with  this  verb  DOORN.  and  numerous  recent  scholars  connect  the  Heb.  verb. 
There  is,  however,  no  other  trace  of  such  a  meaning  in  Hcb.;  and  it  therefore 
seems  safer  to  regard  the  verb  as  from  the  same  root  with  lOh  heap,  measure; 
perhaps  a  casual  denominative,  invented  for  the  paronomasia;  if  this  be  the  case,   15 
we  should  probably  regard  the  finite  verb  as  Piel. 

(17)  T6  nan.     In  spite   of  the  etymological    explanation   of  the  origin  of  the  name 
(nai  throw},  itt(B3  correctly  derive  the  word  from  011. 

(19)  £1©  DTJ^N;  3  Dominus,  2t  nw,  S  lo»^  JUpo.    Elsewhere  in  the  context  4tt  nin\ 
[Bu.,  Comm.,  suspects  that  the  word  is  redactional  ;  if  we  pronounce  J>j?3V  the  20 
subj.  is  unnecessary;  cf.  also  notes  on  i  K  2,19;  Is.  16,10;  Ezr.  4,15,  &c.] 

(20)  ifl  and  Versions  njtf  &*wy;Jer.  Sofa  1,8  n3» 


16       (i)  DWO,  with  ©ALLpg^H  exetGev,  ©Sr  sub  obel.;  M  nnty  |lt»ttW  "]^1.    The  adverb  may 

have  been  omitted  by  accident  after  \\VfQV;  or  intentionally,  because  after  15,20  25 
it  had  lost  its  connection. 

(2)  "I5"!i  following  (5  avrflT^lj  6-rrriYT^n;  tne  verD  is  indispensable,  and  has  been 
supplied   in  all  the   Versions   (CLERICUS,    HOUB.,  ZIEGLER,  STUDER,  DOORN., 
KAUTZSCH,  GRATZ). 

nb^n  ^D  i°;  STUDER  and  DOORNINCK  strike  out  the  words  as  a  gloss.  30 

inunm  nsna  npan  IIS  ~\y,  with  ©ACsLLpVn  a^  qpujroq  -rrpoji  |ueivuj|aev  Kai  d-rroKTei- 
vujuev  aurov  (®Sr5H  f-ieivuu.uev  sub  obel.};  cf.  2X7,9.  With  the  ellipsis  in  M  we 
might  compare  181,22. 

(3)  M  nbjn;  (JACsLlpNVngHd  Kai  dvr|V€YKev  auTa<;  (yar.  aura)  .  .  .  Kai  £6r|Kev  aura? 
(aura)  dxeT;  ©V  Kai  dv^r]  ...  Kai  eOriKev  K.  T.  L    It  is  possible  that  the  last  clause  35 
is  genuine  (DOORN.);  GRATZ  emends:  Dts>  nrrvi. 

(4)  pito  (BAR,  GINSB.)  or  p"nto  (JACOB  KHAYYIM,  NORZI,  MICHAELIS),  not  pnittf  (JAB- 

LONSKI,  VAN  DER  HOOGHT). 

(5)  M  ]Jn3,  anomalous  punctuation,  which  I  see  no  reason  for  preserving.  [It  might  be 
well  to  note,  however,  that  the   present  of  Assyr.  naddmi  (=]fi3;  see  HAUPT,  40 
Sumer.  Familiengesctze,  p.  43,  n.  2)  is  not  only  inddin,  indmdin  but  also  iddan 
(see  op.  cit.  p.  53)  or  even  ittan^  with  n  (DELITZSCH,  Assyr.  Handiuorterbuch  , 
pp.  45oa.488a;  Assyr.  Gramm.  §  100;  cf.  also  above,  p.  34,  1.  33.] 

(6)  limy1?.   DOORN.  suspects  that  this  is  a  gloss  from  v.  19;  cf.  vv.  10.13.15;  so  Bu., 
Comm.  45 

(13.14)  In  M  (5  fit)  the  end  of  what  Samson  said  and  the  beginning  of  what  Delilah  did 
have  been  omitted  by  homaoteleuton  (nroon  DJ?  i°  .  .  .  ri3D»n  DJ?  2°);  cf.  vv.  7-9.  1  1  f. 
17-19.  We  have  two  6  translations  of  the  passage:  (a)  ©Lp  (cf.  BH)  Mv  bidari 
rove,  £iTTd  poarpuxouc;  Tfi<;  Ke^aXfn;  uou  £v  ^Ktdaei  bidauaToq  |  Kai  dfKpouanc;  TUJ 
TraaadXuj  ei<;  TOV  TOIXOV  Kai  ^iruq)dvri<;  ib^  diri  irfixuv,  Kai  daSevrjaaj  Kai  ^aouai  uj?  5° 
eT<;  TUJV  dvOpduTTuuv.  KOI  ^Koiuiaev  auxov  AaXiba,  KOI  dbidaaro  Touq  diTTd  poarpO- 
Tf|<;  K€9aXfi<;  aurou  inerd  Tfjt;  ^KTu'aeuuc,  |  Kai  KarepKouaev  ^v  TUJ  iruaadXiu 
TOV  TOIXOV,  Kai  iiqpuve,  K.  T.  ^.;  —  (//)  ©v  tdv  urpuvrjc  Ta<;  ^TTTU  aeipdi;  Trji; 
Jud.  8 


56  -<**3«<cs-g$-  %u,t%t8  *>§•©>•»*>•-  14,15—15,7 


14  however,  no  obvious  reason  why  they  should  be  supposed  to  give  up  the  riddle 
in  the  middle  of  the  week;  more  probably  the  error  lies  in  the  other  number, 
r\wb&  for  T\W  (an  example  of  this  error  is  found  in  ©v  in  20,15);  J.  D.  MICH. 
makes  this  suggestion,  without  confidently  adopting  it.  Neither  the  actual  nor 
the  emended  text  is  in  harmony  with  v.  17,  according  to  which  Samson's  bride  5 
teases  him  the  whole  week  through  to  tell  her  the  riddle.  If  we  may  assume 
consistency  in  the  author's  own  representation,  the  notes  of  time  in  vv.  I4b.i5a 
must  be  regarded  as  glosses  (STADE,  DOORN.,  Bu.).  The  Philistines  speedily 
convinced  themselves  that  the  only  way  to  get  the  answer  to  the  riddle  was  to 
worm  it  out  of  Samson,  and  without  delay  set  his  wife  on  him.  For  six  days  she  10 
badgered  him  with  tears  and  reproaches,  until,  worn  out  at  last,  he  betrayed  his 
secret. 

05)  &  \b  nyi;  (5  KOI  dTTcrfYe^dTw  <?°i-  DATHE  and  ZIEGLER  would  emend:  "jb;  but 
<f)  is  only  an  early  attempt  to  remove  the  difficulty  which  these  critics  unnecessa 
rily  discover  in  &\.  DOORN.  reconstructs:  lib  ~ttTY\  .TVnn  n«  "f)  li'l.  15 

UBh^n;  many  codd.  and  edd.  IJtfV'rn,  some  13Bnj)n.    The  inf.  Qal  of  B»T  is  n«n; 
the  Piel,  for  which  some  take  the  form  with  Methieg,  occurs  only  in  Deut.  28,42, 
where  it  is  an  error  (cf.  «x).     ©ACsBsLLpNVnSHg  f|  -rrruuxeOaai  dxaX^aoTe  nude, 
connecting  the   verb   with  Bh.     Contamination   of  signification   is  probable  ;  cf. 
wnn  impoverish  182,7,  B»"il3  be  reduced  to  poverty.    Perhaps  we  should  emend  20 
here:  UBTiubn  (irrujxitfai).    ®VN  f\  ^KfUcxaou  f|ua<;  KeKXrixare. 
tf?n,  with  a  few  codd.  of  £1,  and  it,  STUDER,  BERTH.,  DOORN.,  STADE,  GRATZ, 
al.  According  to  marginal  notes  in  some  MSS,  the  schools  of  Sora  and  Nehardca 
differed  on  this  point   (obn  npl  xbn  2VO  WinJ^,    «^n  npl  3^3  n"?n  "KIID  "?»). 
Jtt  xbn,  but  the  alternative  or  not  is  expressed  in  Heb.  by  «b  DK,  not  by  N^H;  25 
and  is  not  in  place  here  at  all.    5  (which  mistranslates)  and  (5  do  not  represent 
the  word  at  all;  3  an  idcirco  vocastis  nos  ad  nuptias  ut  spoliaretis! 
(18)  m/inn  S3"1  DIBS  before  he  entered  the  bed-chamber,  so  STADE  [to  consummate  the 
marriage,   STADE;   but  see  contra  Bu.,    Co/fim.],   adopted  by  Bu.,   KAUTZSCH, 
DOORN.;  cf.  15,  i,  m-inn  TIB>N  hx  nxax;  &  ncnnn,  03ALLPVnN5H(E  Trpiv  (©N  -npb  TOU)  30 
hOvai  TOY  rj\iov,  so  also  3£;  (Ov  rrpo  TOU  dvcrreTXcu  K.  T.  ^.;  see  the  Versions  and 
comm.  on  8,13.    5  Uaol  ^o^j  jly^  (before  the  supper  came  in;  see  A),  taking- 
Din  in  the  sense  of  tnn  ^.     SO'GEDDES  translates  £1:  before  the  supper  was 
served.     If  the  author  had  meant  before  sunset,  he  would  have  said  N3n  mB3 
tW5»n.  35 

(20)  This  verse  is  regarded  by  DOORNINCK  as  a  gloss,  suggested  by  15,2;  without 
sufficient  reason. 


15  '5)  [niBpa.   Bu.,  Comm.,  conj. 

wnits.    ©VN  6-n-o  aXuuvoi;,  as  in  Ex.  22  ,  5  ;  Job  5  ,  26.    The  other  recensions  of  6  40 
have  a  conflate  text. 

nni  m:  nj?1;  itt  rp»  ma  nj>l,  which  is  interpreted  in  Bcrakhoth  35a  olive- 
plantation,  without  warrant  in  usage.  We  must  emend  either:  IVO  (63,  GRATZ), 
or:  nv  ~\y\  (M,  HOUB.,  STUDER,  DOORN.). 

(6)  JV3K  n^3  nw,  so  many  codd.  and  some  old  edd.  of  JH,  6ACsBsLLpVn.5H(g.3,  LlLlEN-  45 
THAL  (1770),  GEDDES,  GRATZ,  al.;  JlKBVNjj  n^«  n«l,  by  accidental  omission  of 
JV2  after  n«. 

(7)  "lii  Topa  n«  ••a.  ©ACsSrLLpNVn^H^  OUK  euboxriauj,  dXXd  rnv  ^xblKnoiv  HOU  it  4v6<; 
(®Ai'.3H(g  +  Kai)  dKaaroii  uuatv  -rroinaoiaai.     In  &  ((i)V3M)  the  words  bnn«  in«1 
««r/  afterwards  I  will  desist  do  not  add  anything  to  the  sense,   and  there  is  50 
ground  for  the  suspicion  that  bnns  has  arisen  from  the  variant  inN  which  appears 

in  (0;  but  I  do  not  venture  to  reconstruct  the  text  in  accordance  with  (5,  which 
is  itself  hardly  preserved  in  its  original  form. 


-o«3«©-g<»  sfu&es  ^-SS^HO-  55 


14  (2)  10*61.  The  word  is  a  comparatively  late  addition  to  the  text.  External  evidence 
of  this  fact  is  perhaps  preserved  in  5H,  where  we  read,  -cua^JJ  >^;olo  jAroo 
\fjolo  -x-ei^.;  a»jojlo.  The  asterisk  is  manifestly  misplaced,  the  verb  xai  elire  is 
indispensable;  and  it  is  a  very  probable  conjecture  that  the  signs  should  be 
corrected:  —  ;»lo  \  t£^,  opojlo  -fc.  The  words  xai  if]  ur|Tpi  auTou  A  codd.  131.  144, 
perhaps  by  hoinosoteleuton. 

(3)  10iS1  1'3N  "b  ne*n.  The  verb  was  not  conformed  when  the  second  subject  was 
interpolated,  cf.  v.  5a;  some  recensions  of  (5  with  <S£,  and  even  <T,  correct  to  the 
plural.  On  the  editorial  changes  in  this  chapter  see  notes  to  the  English  Trans 
lation,  pp.  83  ff.;  DOORN.,  and  esp.  STADE,  ZAT  4  ('84)  25off.;  Bu.,  R-S  130  f. 
M  "CJ?  ^231;  <BLLP  dv  Travri  TUJ  Xaw  aou,  so  also  S;  adopted  by  HOUB.,  DATHK, 
al.  [Bu.,  Comm.  would  follow  S  a  step  farther,  and  emend:  73X  n"33  [<NB»]  ]"Kn 


(4)  DOORN.  regards  this  verse  as  a  late  gloss. 

(5)  10X1  V3N1  \\W®  ITI.     The   last    two   words   are   secondary   (DOORN.,    STADR).   15 

IWI,  conformation  to  the  previous  gloss;  (DVN  xai  riXGev,  (BALLP.3H<E  xai 
(z.  e.  ID^I,  v.  8)  ;  Q3CsBsVn  ^HexXivav,  including  the  father  and  mother.    The 
author  wrote  X3"1!  (DOORN.). 

(6)  t-un  J>Dt?3  as  one  might  tear  a  kid;   cf.  FOUCART,   Les   associations  religicuaes 
cliez  les  Grecs,  p.  73.  20 
"in  T'jn  «Vi,  gloss,  GEDDES  (guardedly),  DOORNINCK. 

(9)  VBD  b«  imi^l  scraped  it  out;  the  verb  is  common  in  later  Heb.,  there  is  no  reason 
to  suspect  the  text,  as  some  scholars  have  done.    See  Comm.  —  The  consider 
able  variations  in  some   recensions   of  (5  are  apparently  derived  from  a   Heb. 
copy   in   which   VB3   had   been   corrupted   to   VB   (®ALVn    eic;  TO   aToua   auToO;  25 
(fJCsBs  al.  5H  iK  TOU  OTouaTO^  auTou  \sc.  TOU  Xeovrot;];   (0N  ex  TOU  aroinaTOi;  TOU 
Xeovroc  ei?  TU?  x£iPa?  auxou,  doublet;  (5V  €ig  xeipa?,  castigated;  <5LP  ^v  raT<; 
Xepoiv  aurou,  i.  c.  VS33).  This  error  has  worked  back  into  v.  8,  where  the  original 
rendering  of  iTIsn  JVU3,  ev  TUJ  OUJUCXTI  TOU  X^OVTO<;,  has  been  changed  to  OTO- 
uaTi  in  all  recensions  of  03,  and  has  been  perpetuated  from  £  in  3,  while  in  v.  9b  30 
aToucrroc  is  found  in  (DVNLP,  ex  TH?  e'Seuu?  in  (BACsBsLVn^H  ^  Q  uan.  jj^  '&$ 

-aa). 

(10)   The  author  wrote  nn»O  D^  ^J?sl  H»«n  !?S  pu?ttt?  T\^1  (DOORN.,  STADE). 

itt  nntr»;  Oi  +  e-rrTa  fiuepaq,  so  5.   HOUB.,  DATHE,  GEDDES  [see  also  Bu.,  Comtn.}, 
think  the  words  original;  to  them  the  following  note,  for  so  the  young  men  used  35 
to  do,  refers.    The  seven  days  may,  however,  very  easily  have  been  introduced 
from  v.  12. 

(n)  Jil<5V£S(!r  iniN  DHS13  TiM;  <J5ACsBsLPNVn$H<g  Kai  ^T^V€TO  dv  TUJ  cpopeToOai  auTou? 
(5H  sub  obel.}  CXUTOV,  i.  c.  cnt<T3,   r/I  (DL  xai  eYtveTO  ^opeioGai  auTOuq  CCUTOV, 
Joseph,    bid  bioc,  if\c,   iaxuoc   TOU   veaviaxou.    KAUTZSCH   would  read  DrtXV3;  40 
BERTH.  nn«n>i3)  cf.  283,11. 

inpM.  DOORN.  (Theol.  Tijdschrift  '94,  p.  21)  would  supply  the  subject,  DTIB^B; 
the  author,  however,  wrote  np'1,  Samson  took  these  companions.  [See,  however, 
Bu.,  Comm.,  who  makes  it  probable  that  it  was  the  Timnathites  who  chose  these 
groomsmen;  and  that  the  latter  (not  Samson)  provided  the  feast;  cf.  WETZSTEIN,  45 
Zeitschrift  fiir  Etlmologie,  1873,  P-  288.  Bu.  drops  Dn«T3  TP1  as  a  gloss,  and 
transposes  '1J1  inp^l  to  stand  before  v.  iob.] 

(12)    Jit  QnNXfcl;  A  ©CsBsLpVn  aj^  ^H  sub  asf..  gloss  from  v_  j8  (STADE,  DOORN.). 

(14.15)  no«>i  ijr3t9n  ova  sn'i  in^a11  r\w  rtTnn  T'jn1?  I'ps'1  sb\  so  DOORN.;  Jit  and  all  the 

Versions:  D'D11  r\V)b&.    With  this  the  seventh  day  in  v.  15  does  not  tally;  for  the  50 
latter,  6  (except  &'  and  two  other  cursives)  5.A  have  on  the  fourth  day.   HOUB., 
DATHE,  GEDDES,  ZIEGLER,  STUDER,  BERTH.,  KAUTZSCH,  GRATZ,  Bu.,  al.,  would 
emend    accordingly:    "'jTSin    DV3   ('jT3l9n   easy  transcriptional   error).    There  is, 


54  -°K3<g-&»    ut>$te  $&&»$&>-  13,17  —  M,1 

13  immediately  follow  Manoah's  invitation  to  meat.    They  are,  however,  an  even 

more  apposite  comment  on  v.  17,  where  Manoah  asks  his  visitor's  name  and  is 
told  that  it  is  a  mystery.  The  evident  displacement  of  the  sentence  is  most 
easily  explained  if  it  is  a  gloss  meant  for  v.  17. 

(17)  A\  1»»  '0.    GRATZ  nD,  as  in  Gen.  32,28;  Ex.  3,13.     Confusion  of  '  and  n  is  not     5 
uncommon;  but  #1  may  be  right,  cf.  Deut.  4,7;  Mic.  1,5;  Gen.  33,8. 

1121,  so  Qere  <5€<S;  many  codd.  and  edd.  of  $&  have  the  sing,  in  the  text  without 
further  note  (Oriental  text);  Kethib  "pin  plur.  ;  see  on  v.  12.  The  other  places 
where  the  same  correction  is  made  are  i  K8,26;  18,36;  22,13;  Jer.  15,16; 
xp  119,  147.  161  ;  Ezra  10,  12.  10 

(18)  "N^B  Kim  Kethib,  regularly  formed  adjective  from  K^S;  Qere  ^3  with  silent  K; 
cf.  \v  139,6. 

(19)  mvyb  N^son  mrrb  to  the  wonder-working  Jm'ir,  with  (gACsBiLLpNVn3H£<|  Tjj  «upiw 
TUJ  eauuaCTOi  TTOIOUVTI,  3  Domino,  qui  facit  mirabilia;  with  the  construction  cf. 

Is.  29,14;  2  Chr.  26,15;  Joel  2,26.  This  reading,  which  CLERICUS  had  suggested,  15 
is  rejected  by  HOUB.  on  account  of  the  following  D\xn  int?xi  nilOl.  M  N^Bttl  mrr!? 
OWl  intTKl  rmni  WWph,  so  3",  and  (5V  (solitary,  as  often  in  its  agreement  with  <H) 
xai  dvr)veYKev  .  .  .  TLU  Kupluu,  Kai  biexuipiaev  -rroifiaai,  K.T.£.,  which  agrees  literally 
with  2T  and  is  probably  from  A;  S,  with  the  utmost  freedom,  jL>po\,  loot  UUAAJOO. 
M  defies  all  attempts  to  construe  it  grammatically.  MAURER  conj.  K^BD  Kim  20 
nitryb,  but  this,  as  STUDER  observes,  only  gives  us  a  second  circumstantial 
clause  to  dispose  of.  HOUB.,  better,  nwy1?  N^BO  mm.  M  arose  from  an  attempt 
to  connect  the  words  with  the  following  clause,  after  the  latter  had  accidentally 
intruded  ;  see  the  next  note  below.  [Bu.,  Coinm.  (cf.  BERTH.),  thinks  the  words, 
even  when  corrected,  superfluous  —  a  gloss  to  '"xbfi  Sim,  v.  18.]  25 

At  the  end  of  this  verse  M  and  the  Versions  add  DWi  inew  niiOl;  copied  out 
of  place  from  the  next  verse.  5  connects  the  words  with  v.  20,  making  the 
repetition  even  more  intolerable. 

(20)  ni^JD;  many  codd.  and  old  edd.  mtys. 

roton  "?VO.    5  isJL?  ^,  interpreting  as  does  Josephus;  cf.  6,21.  30 

M  nnton  2n^3;  5H  \\MArM^  %,  (f>^p^\  cd.  Rom.  dv  Tfj  cpXcyi  sine  addit. 

(21)  Mil  H13D  yi"  t«.    The  words  connect  with  v.  20  ;  the  intervening  ^t6l3  liy  f)D"  K^l 
in»N  ^>K1  niao  !?«  nxinb  nw  is  parenthetic.    [BoHME  strikes  out  v.  2ia;  HOLZINGER 
and  Bu.  cancel  v.  2ib,  as  superfluous  after  v.  2Ob.] 

(23)  irTB,  with  many  codd.  and  edd.  of  M;  the  Received  Text  has  12TD.  35 

^H(DVN35ir  r6x  bs  ns  iixnn  «"?1;  (DABsLLpVng^H  Kai  0{,K  gtv  ^ibriaev  ri,uct<;.  These 
translators  read  lyyirt;  c_/!  v.  8,  where  they  render  laiVl  xai  qpujTiadruj  r|ua<;  (min 
=  ^uuriZietv  also  2  K  12,2(3);  17,27.28,  'A  Gen.  46,28  &c.,  —  probably  by  pseudo- 
etymological  association  with  TIK).  The  words  n^N  ^>2  then  refer  to  the  instruc 
tions  for  the  bringing  up  of  the  child,  from  which  it  was  a  very  strong  inference  40 
that  JHVH  meant  something  else  than  their  destruction.  It  is  an  attractive  con 
jecture  that  this  is  the  true  reading;  the  error  which  made  of  it  13«nn  led  then 
to  the  addition  of  the  rather  awkward  last  clause,  since  a  mention  of  what  JHVH 
had  said  to  them  was  now  lacking. 

JlKfjAVL  ,nj?2i;  ^  (5CsBsLpNVng3)  £11  Snb  ast.\  3  connects  with  the  preceding  (jjo^a  45 
Jlo  .JUaj).    Perhaps  we  might  read  nnj?  '31. 


14     (i)  naorQ;  M  nnaoro.    Canaanite  name  with  the  fern,  ending  -at  (as  in  Phot-n.,  Moa- 
bite),   like  n^J  1,15;   riBS  1,17;   nruon   is   locative   (so  in   this  verse,  ptPBW  TVl 
nmnn).  The  Hebraized  form  H3»n  also  occurs,  but  not  in  Jud.  The  same  correc-  50 
tion  is  made  in  vv.  2.5  below;  see  also  note  on  11,20.    At  the  end  of  the  verse 
(gACsBsi.pNVng  _^_  K0ti  r|peaev  ^viimiov  CIUTOU,  5H  sub  lemnisco;   i.  e. 
from  v.  7. 


12,11  — 13, l6  -<**3*£s-g$-  $Utyt6  *>$•§>£**>-  53 

12  troduced  into  the  Heb.  text  represented  by  <5LP  from  11,34;   in  that  case  we 

should  fall  back  on  the  reading  of  S  or  (D  (so,  "IJ^J  VJD,  HOUB.;  iv'ji  Wjn 
EWALD);  t_/I  the  city  of  Gilead  in  Hos.  6,8,  perhaps  the  modern  Jalfnd,  three  miles 
south  of  the  Zerqa  (Jabbok);  see  BUHL,  Geogr.,  p.  262.  J.  D.  MlCH.  suspects 
that  the  city  Gilead  is  the  same  as  Mizpeh.  5 

(n)  \\bs-,  M  l^N;  see  on  v.  12. 

(11.12)   In  5H  vv.  11.12  are  sub  asf.,  and  a  marginal  note  in  cod.  85  observes  that  from 
KOI  expive  (v.  11)  to  the  end  of  v.  12  is  not  in  (5. 

(12)  }\b»  bis;  M  \fyxi  ^p'1  .  .  .  11^8  F\W\  cf.  Jos.  19,42.43.  The  punctuation  which 
thus  distinguishes  the  name  of  the  Judge  from  that  of  the  town  is  artificial  (cf.  10 
(i));  both  should  be  read  Elon}  Gen.  46,14  (NOLDEKE).  In  the  spelling  of  this 
word  there  is  much  diversity,  not  only  in  codd.  and  edd.,  but  apparently  among 
the  Masoretic  schools.  BAR  writes  the  name  of  the  Judge  in  vv.  11.12  f?N,  as 
also  in  4,11,  appealing  to  Massora  finalis  'K22;  but  on  this  rubric  see  FRENSD., 
Massor.  Worterb.,  p.  265,  n.  6,  and  cf.  GlNSBURG,  Massora  Magna,  i,  p.  47.  15 

(15)  D^jnr  p83  Qns«  VD  pnjnss  -opM,  ©Lp  dv  6'pet  Ecppcuu  <?v  Ytl  ZeMrm,  cf-  I  $  9,4, 
wbyv  pKD,  voyi  •  •  •  •  D'iss  -im  -ajn  (05  IeYa\ei,u,  ?w.;  (OA  Xaa\ei|u);  ^l  p«3 
'p"?»Jjn  "im  D""IEN,  so  ©v^SS";  ©CsBsVn  ^  £v  ^r)  E^paiin;  @AL(g  ^v  cipei  Aavax. 
Pirathon  is  to  be  looked  for,  not  at  Per  ata  NW  of  Ndbulus,  but  further  south 
(i  Mace.  9,50,  Joseph.  Ant.  xiii,  1,3);  Abdon  occurs  in  the  genealogical  lists  in  Ben-  20 
jamin,  i  Chr.  8,23;  8,30=9,36.  This  agrees  well  with  the  situation  of  the  dis 
trict  of  Shaalim  in  Samuel.  The  mountain  of  the  Amalekites  of  £1  is  commonly 
brought  into  connection  with  Jud.  5,14,  pbajn  cunt?  D'HSN  "OO,  where  the  text  is 
irremediably  corrupt. 

25 
J3       (4)  "Wfl  ^Nl;  many  codd.  tib);  similarly  in  v.  14. 

(5)  fn^l,  consec.  perf. ;  M  fi"|^l  as  in  v.  7,  Gen.  16,11,  an  intentionally  ambiguous 
punctuation,   holding  the   mean  between   the    perf.   and  the   part.   rnbsl.     See 
KONIG,  1,404-406. 

(6)  .#1  and  Versions  D'H^Kn  "]X^12;  so  also  in  v.  9.     Elsewhere  in  this  chapter  always  30 
mrv  •j«1?0  (vv.  3.13.15. 16.17.20.21).     Perhaps   the   variation  in  vv.  6   and  9  is 
accidental,  occasioned  by  the  proximity  of  DTi^Nn  VfK.     See  note  on  6,20.    [It 
may  be  reasonably  suspected  that  D\t!?Nn  WN  (note  the  article)  was  altered  by 

a  later  hand  from  an  original  B^Nn  (Bu.,  Comm.y,  and,  similarly,  that  for  nK103 

D^n^Kn  1t6»  the  author  wrote  merely  DY^K  n«l)33,  B6HME,  HOLZINGER,  BUDDE.]  35 

&  wrb»V  N^>1;  ©ABsLLPNVn5H€€  Kai  f|pujTi.uv   (ripdjTrjaa)  aurov  (SH  auxov  sttb 

asf.). 
(9)  ^l®  D\nb«n  yw};   35  Dominus\   mn11  elsewhere   throughout  this  chapter.     Cf. 

DTlVsn  ~[»bb  v.  6,  and  note  there.  —  For  S21  some  codd.  of  <Jl,  and  3  have  NV1. 
(10)  &  DV3.    The  expression  has  no  exact  parallel;   if  the  text  be  sound,  we  must  40 

compare  the  idiomatic  uses  of  DV3  and  DVTO.     05ALLPVn  aL  rfj  fi.uepa  ^xetvr)  (3H 

ooi  sub  obel?),  similarly  3,  and  even  ft;  probably  only  from  the  feeling  that  the 

sense  requires  it.    HOUB.,  ntn  DV3;  GRATZ,  orn. 
(n)  ^l  8^1;  A  ©AI>P  <7/.  €,  SH  sub  ast. 
(12)  Tim  W  nnj?  sing.,   so   many   codd.    and  old  edd.  of  JH,  <5€S,    HOUB.;   &  ^-\tt  45 

plur.  (see  NORZI).    In  v.  17,  where  the  same  phrase  occurs,  the  plur.  is  corrected 

by  the  Qere. 

(14)  M  ]"H  ^BilS;   C5CsBsLLpNVn(F   ^  aUTT6\OU  J/«C  dddtt.,   5H  +  TOU   OIVOU  J«(J  rtJ/. 

(15)  -ps^  n»j?3i.    BUDDE,  Comm.,  suggests  no'B»3i;  cf.  i  59,24;  28,22,  &c. 

(16)  At  the  end  of  this  verse  M  and  the  Versions  have  Kin  mrp  ^^<l7a  "O  niiO  J?n^  xb  ^.  50 
This  is  not  a  reason  for  the  Messenger's  reply  in  v.  16,  but  an  explanation  of 
something  which   Manoah   said  or   did.     HOUB.    (following  an   observation  of 
CLERICUS)  and  BOHME  accordingly  transpose  v.  i6a  and  b,  so  that  the  words 


52  —  °K3Og$-  jubcjis  •^•©••gfto-  12,1  —  7 


ir          the  word  is  a  late  substitute   for  ]iip^,    to  remove  the  last  plain  trace  of  the 
human  sacrifice. 

12  (i)  &   rUlfiX;    ©ABsLVn  aj,   ,§H<j  lecpeiva    (Xeqpnvu,    Zeqpivu).     See   ME/.,    Bibel  des 

Josephus,  p.  17.  5 

(2)  "1NO  ""iUJ?  pay  "021,  with  (5ACsBsLLpNVn3H(f  Kai  oi  uioi  Aujuujv  ^Tutreivouv  jue  acpo- 
bpa.    In  .ffl  (followed  by  <8V-J.3(T)  'ilijj  has  been  omitted  by  transcripti'onal  error 
after  poj?  (DOORN.,  Bu.,  a/.,  —  not  before  it,  GRATZ).     The  origin  of  the  error 
was  perceived  by  SEMLER. 

DD^N  pJNNl,   with  (0  (except  ©V)  ^6r|aa  up6<;  uua<;;    <tt(<5V£M  D2nx  pjNNl.     Con-   10 
struction  of  pyt  c.  ace.  (Neh.  9,28)  is  rare,  and  confusion  of  HN  and  VN  common. 
Less  probable  is  D2nx  p?ft?)  /  called  you  out. 

(3)  -tt  jnSND  IJ'N  "O;  (6  (except  6V)  OUK  rjv  6  aiuEuuv;    Bu.,   Co/nin.,  accordingly  \<». 
ntJ^BWl,  with  NORZI,  BAR.    The  Received  Text,  notTKl,  is  a  mere  blunder;  the 
note  'ip  ntrtrxi  appears  to  be  an  addition  of  modern  editors  (later  than  JACOB   15 
KHAVYIM;  see  XOR/l).     See  also  GiNSBURG,  Massora   Magna,  2,615  (§§  273. 
274),  and  J.  H.  MlCHAELIS  ad  loc. 

(4)  The  end  of  the  verse  in  1&  is,  ntMO  "[102  D^BN  "Jina  nj?"?J  DD«  nn£«  'B^B  no«  '3. 
In  5H  the  entire  half-verse  from  in  is  asterisked  as  a  Hexaplar  addition  to  6 
(the  asterisk  has  been  placed    by  mistake   before   Ephraim   i°;   see  RORDAM  20 
and  LAG.),  and  it  is  lacking  in  ©58.64.75;  the  other  codd.  of  ©LP  (54.59.82.106. 
[108  n.  b.].  128.  134)  omit  from  n»N  O  to  the  end  of  the  verse,  from  which  it  is 

to  be  inferred  that  the  asterisk  in  Hexaplar  MSS  originally  stood  after  Ephraim 
2".  The  words  D'lBN  <IB''I?B  110N  T  were  copied  out  of  place  from  v.  5,  and  the 
sentence  completed  by  the  insertion  of  Dnx.  KAUTZSCH  thinks  it  possible  that  25 
this  clause  originally  stood  at  the  end  of  v.  6a.  The  following  words,  ^in2  nj?bj 
nnBK,  are  perhaps  a  doublet  to  nnB«  ns  1J^>J  ("»JN  12^1)  above,  adapted  to  the 
context;  ntrats  1^3,  finally,  —  observe  the  asyndeton  (corrected  "proi  in  many 
codd.,  as  in  Versions  generally),  —  seems  to  be  a  marginal  correction  made  by 
a  scribe  who  naturally  did  not  see  how  the  (iileadites  could  be  said  to  be  in  the  30 
midst  of  Ephraim.  In  this  state  of  the  text,  we  need  not  go  afield  for  parallels 
to  the  supposed  taunting  speech  of  the  Ephraimites,  with  which  JACOB  (Studien 
sit  den  altarab.  Dichtern,  3,37)  compares  Mag'udi,  Marj,  6,  145,  where  the  Taiy 
are  reviled  as  zusammengelaufene  Nabatder.  —  On  this  verse  see  WELLH.  in 
Bleek*,  p.  195,  and  DOORN.  GRATZ  conj.  nn«  n'B^B  onBK  110«  S2,  and  lino.  35 

(6)  nblty.    C5  understands  that  the  \\ord  was   a  password  or  countersign;  so   most 
fully  ©LP  xai  gXefov  auTOit;,  Eiirare  bf\  auvGriua.    Kai  Xeyovreq  auvGriua  ou  KOT- 
r)u6uvav  TOU  \a\fjaai  OUTUUC. 

p  nan"?  bb;  «bl,  with  GRATZ,  cf.  35  ;  &<&$  \^\  explained  as  an  elliptical  in 
stance  of  the  idiom  n!?  pn;  the  impf.  must  then  be  taken  as  frequentative.  But  40 
the  meaning,  he  did  not  give  heed,  take  pains,  to  say  it  right,  is  hardly  natural;  the 
ellipsis  is  not  attested  by  old  examples  ;  and  in  the  sequence  of  narrative  tenses 
a  perfect  is  expected.  The  error  may  be  ascribed  to  the  influence  of  the  follow 
ing  p.  Some  codd.  and  old  edd.  have  'f2\ 

(7)  nj?1?:  HBXD2  1TJ?3  I2p"l,  cf.  <5LP  £v  Tfi  troXei   auroO  ^v  leqpe  (var.  Zeq))  PaXaab,  45 
Joseph.  v,7,i2  ev  rri  aurou  mrrpibi  le^n  (Lat.  Sebethi};  MS  ijto  n»a,  6  ^v  rri- 
-rroXei  OUTOU  (al.  +  ^v)  TaXaab,  3  in  civitate  sna  Galaad,  S  t^X^?  l^feas.    The 
reading  of  ©LP  probably  represents  HBS3,  in  a  II  eb.  copy  in  which  0  had  been 
accidentally  lost;  and  as  Jephthah's  home  was  at  Mizpeh  (11,34),  we  may  with 
some  confidence  restore  the  name  here,  with  STUDER,  DOORN.,  BUDDE.      MEZ  50 
(Bibel  des  Josephtis,  p.  16)  proposes  nj?^J  "BS3  (another  name  for  nBSB),  compar 
ing  v.  i  (where  he  would  read  ,TBS  for  HilBX  leqpeiva),  thus  inverting  DOQRN.'s 
explanation  of  the  variant  of  <BLP.    It  is,  of  course,  conceivable  that  HDSO  was  in- 


>-  51 

II  pTH  "'T1  by,   with  (53;   JitM  )121S.     Aroer  and  the  Arnon  come  from  v.  18  (</. 

Num.  21,136".);  while  Jaazer  and  the  Jordan,  which  are  not  suggested  by  any 
thing  in  the  context,  are  original.  [Bu.,  Comin.,  thinks,  on  the  contrary,  that 
the  latter  names  are  due  to  the  attempt  to  give  the  story  —  which  originally 
dealt  with  Moab  —  a  relation  to  Ammon.]  5 

N"nn  njn  nr^sn  xb  yn»i,  with  <BVN  bid  TI  OUK  ^ppuau)  CCUTOIX;,  STUDER,  GRATZ  ; 
&  Dflbxn.  The  sing,  has  been  used  throughout  in  the  address  to  the  king;  the 
masc.  suff.  for  the  fern,  (referring  to  the  cities)  is  not  uncommon  (cf.  below, 
p.  65,  1.  36).  The  other  recensions  of  (5  have  TI  on  OUK  eppuaavro  (al.  ^ppuaaTo) 
auTouc,  ®LP  bid  TI  OUK  ^EeiXavTO  auTa?.  10 

(27)  nvn  t2&its>n  m.T  e>Btf\  Bu.  (Comm^  proposes  nrn  mrr  tsst^  tifstf. 

(29)  ]10J?  '32  b»  13J?,  with  many  codd.,  as  in  v.  32  (others  have  JIN);  (5  eic;  TO  irepuv 
uiuiv  Aja.uuw  ("OP  b»,  by  accidental  transposition  ;  "133?  in  an  isolated  MS  of  &, 
preferred  by  DE  Rossi),  3  transient  ad  Jilios  Ammon  ;  Jit  )1»J?  ^3  135?. 

(31)  KSVn,  A  (5LP  tf/.  £,  <SH  j#£  rtj/.  15 

(33)  JT30  "JN13  1J?.     The  proper  name  has  suffered  various  misfortunes;  (5VN  Apvuiv 
and  5  ;-LA»  (but  cf.  A  JU^JLo)  substitute  a  familiar  name  for  a  strange  and  per 
haps  mutilated  word.    GRATZ  conj.  D'fc  Tj?  ny,  2  S  12,27. 

(34)  naap,  with  C5ABsLLPVnffi  Tr\r|v  auTf|c,  as  the  context  demands,  HOUB.,  GRATZ;  iH 
^3SO  masc.,   an   error  for  which   the   following  p  is  perhaps  responsible.    The  20 
Masorah  notes  this  as  one  of  six  places  where  nittO  would  be  conjectured  for 


(35)  M,  supported  by  AIQ  (see  FIELD),  nsij?!  n"n  nxi  ^nyon  J>isn;   @ACsBsLLPVn 
al.  £5H(£  ^|nireTToboaTdTriKCx<;  ue  (var.  (not)'  ei?  OKtliXov  ^Y^VOU  £v  6cp6a\uoi<;  uou, 

TapaEoic;  |ae,    Kai  au  f)<;  ev  TUJ  TapdxuJ  |aou,   S  txL.^aA*o   .Q^J«*«A  25 
J_L»O_.  -^001  Kjlo,  3  decepisti  me  et  ipsa  deccpta  cs.    Comparison 
of  these   versions  makes  it  probable   that  none   of  them  had  our  Heb.  text; 
(5VN53  suppose  the  same  root  in  both  clauses  (i:j?,  SCHARFENBERG);  for  "nsjn 
(!JA  al.  read  TJD;  OKUJXov  is    elsewhere  a  rendering  of  ^ICOD  or  »plB,   whence 
SCHARFENBERG  conj.  that  their  text  was  "i"jn  rPM  bwiftb  (or  i?pl»^>).  'EiuTreirobo-  30 
OTdT^Kac  is  probably  ^ni3J>;  t/i  i  Chr.  2,7  "jxnty  121J?  13JT,  ©VA  rt/.  6  ^iroboaTd- 
Tn?  (®Vn  ^/.  6  TapdEac).    The  concurrence  of  JTO  and  "I3J?  in  Jtt  is  of  itself  sus 
picious.     HOUB.   suspects   that   the   original   text  had  13J?   in   all  three  places; 
GRATZ  emends.-  •O'msyn  "i3J?n,  and  with  a  query,  ''"I3J?  n3. 

(37)  D^'i'"1  by  ^mTI  nsbxi.   DOORN.  cancels  THTI,  which  is  unnecessary  and  exegetic-  35 
ally  difficult  (for  Kcrrafiriaouou,   (5N  dvapr)ao,uai,    ©Lp  £-m[3r]aouai  —  attempts  to 
relieve  the  awkwardness  of  the  expression)  ;  it  was  a  gloss  meant  for  the  end  of 
the  verse.    GRATZ  conj.  Tmav 

-niJT,}  Qere,  as  in  v.  38;  Kethib  ^jni  (cf.  Cant.  1,9,  &c.). 

(38)  n'-wnn  n^ty,  as  in  v.  39;  M  n^nn  ":w.  40 
(39.40)  The  division  of  the  verses  is  wrong  (CLERICUS,  DOORN.);  the  custom  which  be 

came  established  in  Israel  was  the  women's  mourning  described  in  v.  40;  not  the 
sacrifice  of  daughters,  v.  39.  The  reason  for  the  Masoretic  division,  as  CLERICUS 
and  DOORN.  both  observed,  may  be  learned  from  it:  "r-Q  'JNIP'O  nrti^  nxim 

xv  xb~\  nwnj;1?:  pins'1  n3$n  «03  xr\byb  n^nna  m  n-1^  n11  13J  wpoxl?  «bn  45 

nin  «:n3  Dna-'U1?   ^«»  ^"Kl    //  was  made  an  ordinance  in  Israel, 
in  order  that  no  man  should  offer  his  son  or  his  daughter  for  a  burnt-offering,  as 
the  Gilcaditc  Jephthah  did  because  he  did  not  consult  the  priest  Phinchas  ;  for  had 
he  consulted  Phinehas,  he  would  have  redeemed  her  with  a  price.  —  ['nw  is  ano 
malous  (pn  is  masc.);  the  false  division  of  the  verses  perhaps  led  some  scribe  50 
to  take  Jephthah's  daughter  as  the  subject.     Probably  it  should  be  emended 
VP1,  Bu.,  Cofftm.]      • 
(40)  nun1?.    KLOSTERMANN  conjectures  r\vyb  to  sing.-,  Bu.  (Coming  suspects  that 


50  -W5S3O-S*-  %ub$te  *^-©=*s^«-  10,18—11,26 


IO          XaCu  (DJ>3)  is  a  corruption  of?DJ?3  (DOORN.);  OUK  eutipearriaev  is  a  translation  of 

Tt?D3  ispni,  accommodated  to  the  false  reading  DJ73. 

(18)  Dyn  nax-'l;  ffi  +  iyb*  slte>,  doublet  (from  11,5),  DOORN.  C5ALP  oi  apxovret;  TOO  \aoO 
FaXaab  ((SL  «/.  oi  TOU  Xaou  cipxovreq  P.);  -3H3  principes  Galaad.  If,  with  GRATZ, 
we  should  read  "HEN,  the  order  would  still  betray  the  gloss. 


II     (i)  Jit  '1J1  nybi  n"?n.  The  interpolation  attaches  awkwardly  to  the  preceding  sentence; 

<5ACsBsLLpVn,$H<j  Ka\  grexev  TUJ  raXuctb,  which  GlESEBRECHT  and  GRATZ  adopt 

(iy^  i1?™);  ©VN  n  e'Ye'vvn.aev  TUJ  F. 

BUDDE'S  reconstruction   of  vv.  1-3  concerns  the  source  of  the  verses,   not  the   10 

actual  text;  cf.  above,  p.  23,  1.  37. 
(4)  V.  4      C5VN,  perhaps  by  homceotelenton.    The  verse  is  superfluous  by  the  side  of 

v.  5a  (observe  how  3  condenses  in  translation);   ZIEGLER  and  STUDER  question 

its  genuineness,  GRATZ  omits  it.     Quite  as  probably,  v.  5a  (A  <BL)  is  secondary. 

DOORN.  regards  v.  4  as  by  the  author  of  vv.  1-3,  making  connection  with  v.  5.       15 
(n)  Jtt  mix  Dyn  iD'eri;  6  Xao?  A  (5Lp,  SH  sub  ast.\  not  improbably  a  gloss,  the  natural 

subject  is  the  Ds3pl. 
(13)  n^>»3  nnix  i"Q'»n  nnyi,  with  (DJ5sLpV"  a/,  aufrjv,  3  ^?;/  (sc.  t  errant);  so  HOUB.,  <?//.; 

ill  ]nnx,  which  could  only  refer  to  the  cities  in  this  region,  cf.  v.  33. 

At  the  end  of  the  verse  (DVN  al  _j-  Kai  Tiopeuaoucn,  adopted  by  GRATZ, 

Further,  ®AL^P<5  (SH  sub  obel^  +  xai  cur^OTpe<|mv  oi  a-fY^oi  irpoq  leopGae;  supply 

ing  a  link  in  the  narrative. 

(17)  rax  N1?!.     (!3Li>  C$H  j//^  obel^-\-  oube  OUTO?  dveivai  auruj  irapeXGew.     The  words 
may  be  genuine,  13J?  inn  «in  Dl  H3K  «"?!;  t/  v.  20. 

(18)  3X1(3  ^IS1?  tro»  miao  «3"1;  A  5,  by  homccoteleuton,  perhaps  in  the  Heb.  copy  from  25 
which  the  translation  was  made,  perhaps  in  5  itself. 

(19)  ni3J>3.    Many  codd.  ni3J)N,  conforming  to  v.  17. 

(20)  n3_s>  ^ow  nx  nn  pn-o  ^KOM.,  with  (fjABsi,LpVn$H<£  KCti  0^K  ^e^Xrioe  IHUJV  TOV  lap«nX 
bieXeeiv;  f/:  Num.  20,21.  niJ>  "7x1^  nx  ]hi  nnx  ^SO-I  (see  also  Num.  21,23;  Deut. 
2,30);  J«  -ny  bx-iw  nx  pn"D  V»«n  X^i.    Mistranscription  of  }»&  (]DXS)  necessitated  30 
the  introduction  of  the  negative  and  correction  of  the  tense;  nn  (GRATZ,  which 

is  perhaps  not  indispensable)  may  have  been  lost  before  r.N  or  supplanted  by 
it.  With  Jtt  agree  (5VN.5(f;  3  non  dimisit  enm  transirc,  &c. 

nsn-D.    In  the  inscription  of  Mesha  (1.  19),  as  in   Is.  15,4;  Jer.  48,34,  the  name- 
is  yn11;  the  locative  in  n  (Num.  21,23;  Deut.  2,32)  seems  in  this,  as  in  numerous  35 
other  instances,   to   be  mistaken  by  later  writers  for  a   feminine;   sec   also   on 
14,1. 

(22)  J|«ALLpNVnSHd3J  -n^n  Vna  ^  nx  WTM  (S  abridges);  A  (gvcsBs  a/.;  the  words 
only  repeat  in  another  form  what  has  been  said  in  v.  2ib;  ZIEGLER  suspected 
that  they  were  a  gloss. 

pvn  nyi  isnon  pi  p3<n  nyi;  SH  t!ioA-  \JLsef^  ^=»p»  «>o  w*«i^A.  -x-jjof^«,  /.  e. 
tan;  «•  TOO  lajioK,  Kai  UTTO  Tf|?  tpt'iuou  eux;  V  TOU  'lopbuvou.  The  asterisked 
words  are  omitted  in  ffii-p;  in  fiCsBsVn  «/.  all  after  TOU  IO^OK  is  lacking. 

(24)  'Ul  W1D2  »->v  1W«  nx,  corresponding  to  JUT  t^lin  IPX  bs  in  the  following  half- 
verse;  Jtt  W103  iwnv  (dittography),  which  compels  us  to  take  »"lin  in  a  different  45 
sense,  and  destroys  the  symmetry  of  the  parallel.    The  error  is  an  old  one;  it  is 
found  in  all  the  Versions. 

(25)  nnx  3itan,  with  (gACsBsLLpVn^nge,  un.  Kpeiaawv  el  au;  Al  nnx  3113  3iein,  ffiVN  ^} 
tv  u-faGiij  uTa6uJTepo<;  au  uirep  BuXuK,  5  ^1  «s.£  ^-^  ^**»>  ^  nN  3B  3tjn-    The 
repetition,  which  gives  us  a  construction  without  parallel,  is  probably  accidental,  50 
favored  by  the  following  nn^i  Dh^a  DX  ____  3"J  31in.    [So  also  15U.,  Coiniii.] 

(26)  nty's,  with  SAI^P  al.l  iv  \aZr\pl  A\  nipya,  ©vNCsBsVn^n  ^v  (©v  +  fVl)  Aponp 
(C5L  z'^f.),  35.    See  the  following  note. 


io,4  —  1  6  -"KS-o-g*-  *iju&<5«0  *§•©»»*>•-  49 


10          -Ob^D  WX,  cf.  £M  ;  JH  nsisw  »'»,  which  is  definite,  and,  with  rare  and  doubtful 
exceptions,  collective.    [Bu.,  Comm.,  thinks  A\  unobjectionable  in  Rp.] 

VCtri;   (!5ASrCsBsLLpVnj$H£  £v  ZdUCtpeiqt. 

(4)  any  D'E^tfl,  cities,  so,  with  all  Versions,  ].  D.  MICH.;   <H  DSV1>,  accidental  confor 
mation  to  the  preceding  D^vp  aw«.   (According  to  BAR,  p.  106,  the  Oriental  school     $ 
read  n^lj?  without  note.)    [n'Tjj  «'//«•  may  have  been  pronounced  Av;«;  see  Crit. 
Notes  on  Isaiah,  p.  101,  1.  4;  and  this  form  D'TJJ  may  have  suggested  the  insertion 
of  the  D'Ty  from  12,  14.  —  P.  H.] 

IJ^J  p«3  1»X  comes  unexpectedly  at  the  end  of  the  verse;  without  1»N  the  words 
might  well  stand  after  Dr6  i°.    [Bu.,  Comm.]  10 

(f5  in  aH  three  cases  gives  32  for  30.    So  70  is  frequently  raised  to  72;  the  reason 
is  not  obvious. 

(6)  &  Dix  TI^N  n«1;     (BLP  a/.,  J3H  .«<!£  aster.  \  in  fl5A  after  the  gods  of  Zidon.  The  variation 
D'lX  is  found  in  5. 

(8)  ixyn,  Ex.  15,6;  £t  and  Versions  +  mvi,  doublet  (B6TTCHER,  who  regards  the   15 
second  as  original).    SCHARFENBERG  suggests  IXljn. 

n:t?  mtrj?  n:»e>  ionn  nawn.  Jit  carries  the  second  of  these  conflicting  statements 
over  to  the  following  half-  verse;  (5I-P3  omit  the  first;  (5  r^/.  translate  dv  TUJ  xoupuj 
i.  e.  NTin  njn,  which  would  be  free  from  difficulty.  B6TTCHER  emends  : 
In  11,26  these  18  years  seem  not  to  be  included  in  the  reckoning.  20 

(10)  133t}>  "O,  with  numerous  codd.  ;  Jit  "^l.    Of  the  Versions  only  (£  expresses  the  con 
junction,  which  is  intolerable. 

imbx  JUT  n»,  GEDDES;  so  7  codd.  of  A\,  (5A3off  (Venice  edd.,  BUXTORF,  al.;  not 
Antwerp,  ed.,  cod.  Reuchl.  ed.  LAG.,  cod.  Br.  Mus.  2210),  3  (Vulgate;  introduced 
by  Clementine  editors,  apparently  without  any  Latin  attestation);  sporadic  cor-  25 
rections  evincing  the  feeling  that  the  name  is  indispensable;  cf.  €  we  have  left 
Thee,  our  God;  M  irnVN  DX. 

(H)  Al  DVIB^B  ;oi  ]\ay  *n  ]oi  nosn  pi  nnsets  xbn,  so  (5VNZ(T.    The  anacoluthon  is 
extremely  harsh;  and  neither  JTBNn  (v.  12)  nor  ^sn,  which  we  might  be  tempted 
to   supply   (HOUB.   Q3"n^sn,   accidentally   omitted   after   D'li'fc),  is  in  Jud.   ever  30 
construed  with  simple  p.    ®ACsBsLLPVn5H€35  take  the  names  of  these  peoples, 
like  those  in  v.  I2a,  as  subj.  of  the  verb  D3nx  !Xr6,  and  I  have  emended  accord 
ingly.    The  error  probably  originated  with  a  scribe  uho  began  to  transcribe  the 
verse  thinking  of  D2J1N  vrtyn  D^ISOO  xbn  (cf.  6,13),   and  having  discovered  his 
mistake  boldly  went  on  with  it  rather  than  mar  his  copy  by  a  correction.    The  35 
alternative  is  to  suppose  that  the  scribe  or  editor  who  introduced  the  string  of 
names  spoiled  a  sentence  which  began  in  some  such  way  as  D2nN  TPbj?n  D^XttB; 
cf.  2,3.    [Bu.,  Comm.] 
(11.12)  The  list  of  oppressors  exhibits  considerable  variations,  which  are  in  part  accidental, 

in  part  to  be  ascribed  to  the  desire  for  completeness.    In  Jtt  the  names  of  Moab  40 
(c.  3)  and  Midian  (cc.  6-8)  are  conspicuously  absent;  in  ©ACsBsLLpVn  (^H  suf,  obel^}  9, 
Moab  is  introduced  after  the  Ammonites,  in  S  immediately  after  the  Egyptians. 
For  ]iyo  in  v.  12  ®VNL  have  Mabiau,  so  also  (transposing,  Mccbictu  xcxi  AuaXnx) 
(OALpg;  (TiCsBsVn  ai  £3H  Xavaav,  3  Canaan  (c.  4);  5  VQX>V.     The  Maonites  are 
first  mentioned  as  enemies  of  Judah  in  the  days  of  Jehoshaphat  (2  Chr.  20,  i  ;  see  45 
also  26,7;  i  Chr.  4,41);  and  as  OT  knows  nothing  of  a  Maonite  invasion  in  the 
days  of  the  Judges,  we  should  probably  emend:  pfi  (BERTH.,  DoORN.,  GRATZ, 
KAUTZSCH;  cf.  STUDER).     HOUB.,   following  3,   reads  \SK.     It  is  conceivable, 
however,  that  the  late  author  of  this  list  wrote  the  name  of  a  people  of  his  own 
time,  pj>a,  instead  of  that  of  Midian.    Other  variations  in  the  Versions  need  not  50 
be  discussed  here. 

(16)  A\  mr!'  ns  nnjn;  (Ov  rr/.  +  ^toviu  (A  C5ALLP5H);  GEDDES  inserts  nib.  ©ALi-pVn  +  KUi 
OUK  eunpearnaev  ((5Lp  Kupioq)  ^v  TUJ  Xauj,  SH  sub  obel.  \Jaas\.  i^a*  JJ«  —\  tv  TUJ 
Jud.  "  7 


-as-eK0-  9,37—10,1 

g  read  here  something  like  noilK2  SI?"1  Xini,  and  strike  out  the  corresponding  words 

in  v.  41.] 

-['by  VJM  n«  D^TJJO  Dim,  so  FRANK.ENBERG,  based  solely  on  the  context  [approved 
by  Bu.];  A\  "\y\  ons  Dini;  (gCsBsLLpVn  troXiopKoOai,  (6VN  TTepiKd6n.vTcu,  £  p"?,  S 
t-Jpjju,  3  oppugnat;  all  attesting  Q"1S,  and  all  taking  it  as  part,  of  IIS.  But  Gaal  5 
and  his  followers  were  in  possession  of  the  city,  not  besieging  it;  and  112  besiege 
is  construed  with  by,  not  with  the  accus.  The  context  requires  a  word  signifying, 
stir  up,  incite  to  hostility,  many  interpret  D^llf  or  DmiX  (jTJ?;  so  GRATZ)  in  this 
sense,  but  against  usage.  STADE  suggests  nnstt,  part.  1 1  if.  of  Ttt,  they  make  tlie 
city  hostile  to  thce.  It  is  an  objection,  though  not  a  decisive  one,  to  the  emenda  10 
lion  adopted  in  our  text  that  the  instances  of  'bz  by  Tjjn  in  OT  are  all  compara 
tively  late  (Ez.  23,22;  Is.  13,17;  Jer.  50,9;  51,1;  Dan.;  sec  however  above,  on 
5,12).  CLERICUS  suggested  nnj>,  but  Qal  is  not  used  in  this  transitive  sense  (Job 
41 ,2  emend  to  Hif.). 

(.37)  n'JJljfn  ]"\b»  THO;   ®Lp  dnro  6bou  bpuo<;  dTTopXe-rrovTuuv,  xai  dpxn  "XXn.  duo  TOU   15 
POUVOU  ou  oi  -rcoiu^vec,  doublet.    See  MEZ,  Bibel  des  Josephus,  p.  14,  n. 

(41)  nanso  SCh  TWIN  -&y,  ®LP  al.  xai  eirdaTpe^ev  A.  icai  eKaOioev  ^v  Apeiua;  Jit 
noin.sn  -jba^N  2^;i,  (OAiVsi.Vn  al.  5H  ^KdOiaev,  so  £3£;  (OVN  eiaiiXGev  A.  tv  Apnuu. 
The  reading  in  COLP  may  be  only  a  6  doublet,  accidentally  recovering  the  original 
text.  We  might  also  restore  3Bh  I^D^X  I'ri,  as  in  8,29.  20 

(44)  ioj?  niy«  ti?sim,  (0LP  f)  dpxn  >1  jue-r'  aurou,  3  cum  cuneo  suo,  as  the  context  requires 
CJ.  D.  MICH.,  DATHE,  REUSS,  DOORN.,  KAUTZSCH,  GRATZ,  a/.}-,  Al  D'tswim,  by 
accident,  from  the  next  half-verse;  ©ABsL^H  ai  dpxai;  OiVN  attempts  to  remove 
the  difficulty  by  translating  ol  dpxnT01'-  STUDER  conj.,  less  probably,  D^3«n. 

(46)  nns.    See  Comm.,  and  esp.  G.  HOFFMANN,  ZA  '96,  pp.  322  ff.  25 

ill  ;VO  "7S  ns2;  (fiALp  BaaX  6ia6r|Kr|C,  ©Cs  BaaX  ^epeiG,  as  in  v.  4. 

(48)  jia^x  in;  CfJAVNLg  Epuuuv,  (5LP  Aepuuuv  (Hermon);   (TjCsBs^H  o'po^  EXuov  (Jiaplo- 
graphy)   perhaps   represents   an   intermediate   stage  in  the  history   of  the  cor 
ruption. 

1»-np,  as  in  I  S  13,20;  sing.  ffiACsBsLLPVn.$H£$ ;  jU©VN  nlt3^"!|3n.  3° 

(49)  in3lt»,  with  GRATZ;  M  nblte.    The  noun  is  n31tf  (v.  48);  a  masc.  1l»  (as  in  Mishnic 
Heb.)  is  not  found  in  OT.     DOORN.  reads  n:i»;  but  in  this  distributive  phrase 
the  suff.  is  usual,  if  not  indispensable  (BERTH.);  cf.  ^f. 

(51)  vyn  "tya  ^>2,  GRATZ,  Bu.,   Comm.\   4H(8ACsLNVn5H(635  ^Dl,  commonly  explained 
as  JFa7t7  explicative  (cf.  Grit.  Notes  on  Ezek.,  p.  46,  1.  52),  that  is,  all  the  citizens,  35 
&c.    In  the  present  instance  the  conjunction  may  have  been  inserted  by  some 
one  who  understood  the  words  as  C5C5  do,  oi  rpfouuevoi  (cf.  ©  2  S  2,5).    In  (5V  the 
\\hole  clause  is  lacking. 

(53)  n?!:  ^  P.™.  an  anomalous  form,  whether  we  regard  it  as  Hif.  (which  is  not 
found  elsewhere)  or,  with  BARTH,  as  an  /  impf.  Qal.  4° 

(57)  arr^N;  two  of  the  oldest  edd.  Dirty. 

IO       (t)  nn   p.     The  Versions,   except  some    recensions   of  £,    take  nn  appellatively, 
patnius.     The   name  Diidu  occurs   frequently   in   the  Amarna  dispatches   (see 
KB  5,   Xos.  44.45.52,15);   in  the  inscription  of  Mesha,   1.  12,  mn  seems  to  be  45 
the  name  of  a  god;  cf.  Uido  (on  \\hich  name  see  WlNCKLER,  Altorient.  Forsch., 
i,339ff.).    On  nn,  sec  KENAN,  RKJ  5,168;  (;RAY,  Heb.  Proper  Names,  p.  83.  - 
(f3LP  xai  dv^OTttaev  6  Geoc;  ....  TOV  OuuXa  uiov  Ooua  uuw  Kapie  (til.  KapnO  TT«- 
rpabdXcpou  (i'tir.  irarpabeXcpov)  autou,  xai  auroi;  KaTtfjKei  K.  T.  L,  whence  HOLT.KN- 
BERG  conj.  that  in  A\  and  the  Versions  a  name  has  fallen  out,  and  would  restore,   50 
"m  nn  rn_j3  p  HNIB  p  j^in;  cf.  KAUTZSCH.    It  is  to  be  noted  that  ffii-p  omits  the 
words  a  man  of  Issachar\  DOORN.  suspects  that  Kupif  has  arisen  from  a  corruption 
of  this  word. 


9,29 — 31  -ofjs*©^  3"&3«&  ^®»SJ{<«-  47 

Hebrew  declaration  of  revolt;  in  v.  29  he  challenges  Abimelech  to  come  out  from 
his  capital,  Shechem,  to  meet  the  Israelites  in  the  field  (see  esp.  W.  R.  SMITH). 
Following  then  the  doublet  KarebouXiJuaaTO  TOUI;  avbpa<;  Eujnuup  in  (BLP,  WELLH., 
OoRT,  W.  R.  SMITH,  STADE,  Bu.,  al.  read  n^r : —  Who  is  Abimelech,  and  -who 
is  Shechem  (his  city),  that  we  should  be  subject  to  him.-  Should  not  the  son  of  5 
Jerubbaal  and  his  lieutenant  Zebul  subject  the  people  of  Hamor,  the  father  of 
Shechem?  But  why  should  we  (Israelites)  be  subject  to  him?  (HouB.  suggested 
that  /;/  servitutcm  egerunt  would  suit  the  context,  but  is  deterred  by  the  Qal; 
he  transposes:  Wps  naj?  bl3tl.  GEDDES  renders,  Have  not  a  son  of  Jerub- 
BaaF  s  and  his  deputy  Zebul  made  slaves  of  the  Hemorite  Sichemites?  \.  e.  1TOJ?n.)  10 
SMITH  thinks,  further,  that  vv.  28  f.  should  stand  immediately  after  v.  22  (see 
against  this  theory  STADE,  Gesch.,  I,  p.  194,  n);  Bu.  would  put  vv.  28 f.  after  v.  25. 
KAUTZSCH  emends  n?»l:  Is  he  not  the  son  of  Jerubbaal,  and  Zebul  his  lieu 
tenant?  Then  let  him  (Zebul)  sen>e  him,  together  with  the  Hamorites,  &c. 
WlNCKLER  conj.  iniN  m£,  which  he  translates,  If  the  Hamoritcs  serve  15 
him,  &.c. 

The  assumption  on  which  all  these  conjectures  rest  is  at  variance  with  the 
plain  tenor  of  the  narrative.    The  men  whose  confidence  Gaal  gains  (v.  26),  at 
whose  vintage  festival  in  the  temple  of  their  god  he  makes  his  incendiary  speech 
(vv.  27-29),  and  at  whose  head  he  goes  out  to  battle  against  Abimelech  (v.  39),  20 
are  the  D3E>  ^3,  the  very  men  who  made  Abimelech  king  (v.  6).    In  v.  28,  there 
fore,    Gaal   is  not  inciting  the  Israelites  to  rise  against  the  Canaanite  rule   of 
Shechem;  but  is  stirring  up  the  native  Shechemites  to  throw  off  the  yoke  of  the 
half-Israelite  Abimelech,   which  they  had  unwisely  taken  upon  them.    In  doing 
so,   he  appeals  to  their  pride  of  race:    Should  Shechem,  should  the  Hamorite  25 
aristocracy,    be  subject  to  those  who  had  been  their  own   subjects?     With   this 
understanding  of  the  situation  it  is  only  necessary  to  read  (with  S<£)  the  perfect, 
rojj,  instead  of  the  imperative  of  4H,  TQJ?  (so  GRATZ;  cf.  WlNCKLER  above,  1.  15; 
see  also  Bu.,   Co  mm.}-.   }Viio  is  Abimelech?    And  what  are  the  Shechemites,  thai 
we  should  be  subject  to  him  ?     Were  not  the  son  of  Jerubbaal  and  his  lieutenant  30 
Zebul  subject  to  the  Hamoritcs?     Why,  then,  should  we  be  subject  to  him?  — 
STUDER  suggested  nay.,  fct  them  (Abimelech  and  Zebul)  serve,  £c. ;  so  OORT 
formerly. 
D:B>  -OX.    Gloss  from  Gen.  34,6. 

(29)  lO'Sl,  6  KUI  epOu,  cf.lk;  continuation  of  Gaal's  speech,  I  would  say  to  Abimelech,  35 
GEDDES,  DOORN.,  GRATZ,  KAUTZSCH,  al.\  SH  IDSM,  narrative,  Gaal  sent  this 
defiance  to  Abimelech ;  in  conflict  with  the  following  verse.    The  conflict  is  not 
removed  by  making  the  subject  of  10XM  indefinite  (3  dictum  est\  as  CLERICUS 
would  do.    Bu.  (Comm.,  p.  75)  thinks  that  the  difficulty  is  not  to  be  disposed  of 
by  emending  the  text;  the  words  which  follow  originally  belonged  to  the  message  40 
of  Zebul  to  Abimelech,  before  v.  33a  or  b. 

nan,  with  some  codd.  and  edd.,  the  regular  form;  i\\  rn"i,  an  anomaly  of  which 
no  very  satisfactory  explanation  has  been  given. 

(31)  nnntO  as  in  v.  41;  Zebul  sent  messengers  to  Abimelech,  who  was  at  Arumah; 
STUDER,  DOORN.,  GRATZ  (as  the  name  of  a  place,  probably  identical  with  Aru-  45 
mah,    Tormah  was  taken  by  some  medieval  Jewish  commentators);   $&.  noina, 
(gACsRsLLpVngH  U6T^  bubpuuv  (nonn) ;  (BVN  dv  Kpucpfj,   £#  clam,  <$"JlajLa,  connecting 
the  word  with  JVBVi,  nOTO.    But  the  form  of  the  noun  is  without  analogy;  secret 
ly  attributes  to  it  a  meaning  for  which  there  is  no  warrant;  deceitfully,  fraudulent 
ly,  in  the  context  could  only  mean,  with  intent  to  deceive  Abimelech.    It  would  50 
be  possible  to  read  nfi"]j?3,  Jos.  9,4,  &c.,  craftily,  cunningly;  but  the  emendation 
adopted  in  the  text  is  preferable.    J.  D.  AllCH.,  on  the  contrary,  suspected  that 
in  v.  41  ntnra  should  be  read  for  nonto.    [Bu.,  Comm.,  surmises  that  we  should 


46  -««3«©-s*  3«&3«J  «/S-©>-&H°-  9,17—28 


(17)   -U3».    HOUB.  conj. 

(21)  &  mX2;  (OLp  (SH  sub  obel.}  iv  6bw  (rnKS);  Joseph.  Ant.\  ,  7,  2  ev  TOIC  6'pe0i 


(24)  noil;  JH  +  mto1?.    That  the  word  is  a  gloss  might  be  suspected  from  its  position; 
more  decisive  is   the  harsh  change  of  subject  in  nil?1?  DOm  .  .  .  D»n  KU7.     The     $ 
accentuation  in  JflS  (DIE?1?  noil)  docs  not  do  much  to  relieve  the  difficulty.     (0 
gives  the  inff.  the  same  subject  (^TrafcrfeTv  .  .  .  ^iriOeivui)  ;  but  it  is  rash  on  this 
account  to  emend:  N'3r6  (GRATZ).    Possibly  D»Ti  is  itself  a  gloss  [with  1  explica 
tive;  see  note  on  17,  3b  and  for  D''DT  =  D»n  cf,  note  on  Ezek.  9,9],  added  by  some 
one  for  whom  Don  was  not  explicit  enough;  DIBH  was  introduced  by  a  scribe  who  10 
missed  the  government  of  this  noun.    Cf.  the  result  of  successive  glosses  in  3,2. 
WlNCKLER  questions  the  whole  verse,  particularly  b. 

(26)  12$?  p  7W  (also  in  vv.  28.30.31.35.36.37.39.41).    For  7S?3  of  ifl(D  (faab  in  many 
codd.  by  a  common  uncial  error;  (0AV  fctXaab)  and  3,  Joseph,  has  ruci\r|<;;  WELLH. 
(fsr.  und  jiid.  Gesch.2,  p.  44)  regards  this  as  the  true  form  of  the  name,  Arab.   15 
^JJiaL  beetle,  scarab  [in  Arab,  also  applied  to  a  black  and  ugly  and  small  man, 

or  to  a  contentious  one;  LANE];  cf.  MEZ,  Bibel  des  fosephits,  p.  13;  note  also  .5 
^^4^  (Urmia  ed.  ^4.,). 

Vor  &  n»  ((BABsLLpVng  Apeb),  3  has  Obcd;  so  also  some  codd.  of  C>N  ( 

56Qplb,  63[I]u)pr|b,  —  dittography),  i.e.  iniy  (HOLLENBERG);  ©VN  |njpn\  (for 

by   the   same  confusion  of  A  and  A  noted  above  in  the  case  of  Gaal)  is  also 
simply  iniy;   see   <6V  in  i  Chr.  11,47,    (5A  al.   in   I  Chr.  2,37;  26,7;   2  Chr.  23  i 
(HOLLENBERG;  similarly  ZlEGLER,  rftBHA).  EWALD  (Gesch.  des  Volkcs  Isr.}  2,485) 
thought  73V,  an  old  Canaanite  name,  the  more  probable  reading;  many  recent 
scholars  (KUENEN,  DOORN.,  STADE,  KAUTZSCH,  Bu.,  KITTEL,  al.}  suppose  that  25 
the  name  was  7JDV,  which  being  offensive  to  the  scribes  was  altered  to  13J>  (son 
of  a  slave};  it  would  follow  that  Gaal  was  of  Israelite  extraction. 
Some  Heb.  codd.  have  here  and  below  13J?;  cf.  5. 

D2C>:i  1"QJT1.  Passed  through  Shcchem  seems  to  conflict  with  the  following  verses, 
in  which  Gaal  and  his  kinsman  have  taken  up  their  residence  in  Shechem;  a  30 
pregnant  construction,  passed  over  to  SJiccJiein  and  dwelt  in  it,  is  without  parallel. 
The  beginning  of  the  story,  which  should  have  introduced  Gaal  to  us,  has  been 
lost;  perhaps  some  abridgment  in  v.  26  is  the  cause  of  the  difficulty  we  find  in 
the  words  under  consideration.  The  Versions  do  not  appear  to  have  had  a  dif 
ferent  text,  though  some  of  them  have  tried  to  straighten  it  out.  35 

(27)  n^iTn.    ©ACsBsLVn^H  xopoO?,  cf.  21,21  m?no2  bmh;  21,23  rvMnnri;  0,  auXouc,  as 

if  Q'?'7n  (SCHARFENBERG,  ZlEGLER). 

(28)  On  this  difficult  verse  see  OORT,  Godgclcerdc  Bijdragen,  1866,  pp.  983  ff.  (cited 
by  DOORN.);  KUENEN,  Theol.  Tijdschrift,  I,  pp.  703  f.,  Godsdicnst  van  Israel,  i, 
pp.  299  f.;  WELLH.,  Sam.,  p.  xiii,  cf.  Co/up,  des  Hex.,  pp.  353  f.,  n.;  STADE,  Gesch.,  40 
i,  pp.  194  f.;  \V.  R.  SMITH,  Theol.  Tjjdschrift,2o,  pp.  195-198;  KAUTZSCH,  /AT 
10,  pp.  299  f.  ;  KITTEL,  Gesch.,  i  ,2,  pp.  77  f.  ;  MOORE,  Comm.,  p.  257;  Bu.,  Comm., 

P-  75- 

So  far  as  the  consonant  text  goes,  Jfl  is  supported  by  the  Versions  with  but 
slight  variations  (<53   reading  VnriV).    In  the  second  clause  <6  has   uio?  luxem  45 
adopting  this,  and  transposing  nr»  p  and  bysi'  ]3,  some  critics  obtain  :  —  Who 
is  the  son  of  Jcrubbaal,  that  we  should  serve  him  .-    Is  he  not  a  son  of  Shechem 
(i.  c.  a  Shechemitc),  &c.;  but  to  this  it  is  a  conclusive  objection,  that  D2tf  p  is 
not  an  idiomatic  expression  for  a  Shechemite  (\V.  R.  SMITH);  GRATZ  DSt?  S32  'Ol. 
In  the  absence  of  external  evidence,  the  textual  critic  can  only  be  guided  by  5° 
exegetical   considerations.     Most   recent  interpreters   set  out  with   the   premise 
that  Gaal,   the   son   of  Jobaal  (see  on  v.  26),  was  an   Israelite   who  incited  the 
Israelite  part  of  the  population  to  rebel  against  the  King  of  Shechem;  v.  28  is  a 


45 

(30   Joseph.,  Ant.  v,7,i  v66o<;  b'  eiq  ex  ua\\aKf|<;  Apoujua?  'ApijueXexoc ;  cf.  Arninali 
9,41;  see  MEZ,  Bibel  dcs  Josephus,  pp.  13-15;  Bu.,  Com  in. 

(32)  msj?3;  Jit  and  all  Versions  +  -"ityn  sax.  The  grammatical  difficulty  may  be  removed 
by  the  slight  emendation  msya,  as  in  6,24  (STUDER,  DOORN.,  KAUTZSCH);  or 
by  transposition,  putting  msya  after  nap11!  or  at  the  end  of  the  verse  (KAUTZSCH,     5 
formerly).    It  is  quite  as  probable,  however,  that  ntyn  "as  is  a  gloss  from  6,24. 

(33)  rna  tya,  9,4;  cf.  ma  b»  9,46.    GKIGER  (Urschrift,  p.  294)  suspects  that  the  last 
is  the  true  name,  which  in  the  first  two  places  has  been  changed;  cf.  DOORN. 

(35)  ty^f1;  M<&AL$&3t  + \\ytt,  doublet.    Even  as  a  gloss,  jljTU  Xin  is  necessary,  cf. 
<6VN  al.  auToq  eaTiv  febeuuv  and  5.  I0 

(5)   Cf.  the  1'anammu  inscription,  1.  3. 

v6)  nasen  pbx;  Jit  points  axii  (part.  1'ual);  cf.  13  ju.vta  querciim  quac  stabat  in  Sichcm. 
gACsBsLSH  Trpoc  Tfj  paXdvtu  Tf|c  aTaaeuu;  ((gVN  Tf,  eupeTfj  Tf|<;  aTdaeuuc;  doublet, 
KXDjn,  (/I  (OLP)  read  asafn]  (Jos.  4,3,  cf.  i  S  13,23);  so  also  'A,  eiri  irebiou  arnXuj-  15 
UXXTOC;,  <£  xnop  nt^o  ny.  Since  we  have  no  evidence  that  there  was  a  noun  axn 
with  the  same  meaning  as  naso  (STUDER,  a/.),  it  is  safest  to  emend  here:  nason 
[so  Bu.,  Com/n.}.  The  stone  is  the  same  the  erection  of  which  by  Joshua  is  de 
scribed  in  Jos.  24,26f,  m,T  tripea  -IPX  n'rxn  nnn  DP  no-p-i  nbna  px  np-n.  When 
the  old  standing  stones  had  fallen  under  the  ban  of  a  more  advanced  religion,  20 
the  name  naso  became  offensive,  and  was  sometimes  replaced  by  a  harmless 
word,  e.g.  natn  Gen.  33,20  (\VELLH.),  2  K  12,10  (STADE);  nssft  Gen.  31,49,  cf. 
v.  45;  so  also  Jud.  9,6  in  the  Heb.  text  from  which  5  was  translated;  px  JM 
(f)  Ex.  24,4  (Jit  omits  the  verb),  and  probably  in  many  other  places. 

(8)  nate  Qere;  Kethib  nai^fi;  similarly  sai!?a  v.  12.   Sec  KONIG,  i,  pp.  163-166;  TRATO-  ->c 
RIUS,  ZAT  3,55. 

(9)  "l!2X'l;  some  codd.  and  edd.  nnxni. 

^hUp  (also  v-  n-^)   IHf,    J/M//  /  cause  to  cease,   stop    (transitive);    so   in   the 
margin  of  the  first  two  Bomberg  edd.,  and  in  an  Erfurt  cod.;  OLSH.,  STADE,  al.; 
Jit  v6tnn,  which  has  given  rise  to  much  discussion  (see  KONIG,  i,  pp.  240-242);  30 
the  most  probable  explanation  is  that  the  punctuation  intends  a  Hofal  with  n 
interrogative  and  the  elision  of  -    preformative:  shall  I  be  compelled  to  give 
up  &c.   Many  recent  scholars  explain  the  form  as  Qal  with  n  interrogative  OnVinn); 
so  STUDER,  BERTH.,  KAUTZSCH,  al.    For  this  view  it  is  urged  that  the  Hif.  and 
Hof.  of  !nn  are  not  found  in  OT;  on  the  other  side  it  is  to  be  observed  that  in  35 
prose  Hn  Qal  is  construed  with  p  (cease  from  something],  not  with  accus. 
Q"twxi  DTT^X  naa"  ia  "i»x,  cf.  v.  13;  jit  -ui  na?1  ^a  i»x,  so  also  ©ACsBsLLpNVn, 
(5V  ev  fj  bosdaouai  TOV  6e6v  dvbpe?,  (T  "ia  ^pisnt  n^ioi   mrr  mp  ]nps» 
X»3X,  S  J-£»'o  /o»^  ^j.A..isj«  kxa,,  3  qua  cf  dii  utuntur  et  homines;  cf.  the  trans 
lations  of  v.  13.    The  emendation  ia  (GEIGER,  GRATZ)  is  necessary.   For  the  Nif.  40 
nar,  the  1'ual  naa11  [Bu.,  Coining,  or  the  Pie!  with  indefinite  subj.  naa\  is  also 
possible.    On  the  motive  for  the  change,  see  GEIGER,  Urschrift,  p.  327. 

(10)   ^bfi.    Some  codd.  have  Tlbo  Kethib,  "a^tt  Qere,  as  in  v.  12  (<;/:  nai'po  v.  8);  so 
BAR.    Most  codd.  and  edd.  have  in  v.  10  •'aba. 

(n)   Tibinn.    See  on  v.  9.  ,- 

(12)  ^o  Qere;  see  on  vv.  8  and  10. 

(13)  Tibnnn.    See  on  v.  9. 

3WK  natoen;  C31  S11^  TI'-JV  eucppoauvnv  (TOO)  Beou  KUI  TUJV  dvOpdnrujv; 
•  A  T°0  6eou  Kai,  C5^  Trjv  euqppoauvr)v  Tt]v  trapd  TOU  Geou  TLUV  dv- 
TOV  eu^paivovTa  TOU?  dv6pujTrou<;,  —  so  many  different  ways  of  50 
mitigating  the  anthropomorphism;  see  also  £.    Cf.  v.  9. 

(16-19)   DOORN.  regards  the  whole   of  vv.  i6b-i9a   as   editorial    amplification;    similarly 
SMEND,  FRANKENBERG,  MEZ,  HOLZINGER,  and  Bu.,  Comm. 


44 


8,13—29 


(13)  The  last  words  in  the  verse  are  in  ftt:  D"inn  n^O^O;  ffiVN  ^TTO  e'lrctviueev  Ape?,  z.  £. 
nbpobtt  (EWALD),  which  would  require  Din1?.  (6  rel.  $H<&  UTTO  ((OLp  £TTI)  dvapuoeujt; 
Ape?,  £  z'#  ascensione  Hares,  5  >ee^  iLajeaio  ^>  ;  UTTO  dvapdaeux;  is  attested  also 
for  AI  (Jerome).  If  this  be  right,  we  should  emend:  n^yott;  the  compound 
preposition  admits  only  the  interpretation  of  (Ov.  Then  onnn  must  be  the  name  5 
of  a  place  (cf.  1,36;  Jos.  io,io;  15,7).  Instead  of  Din  (sun;  cf.  1,35)  'A  read  »nn 
which  he  rendered  saltuttin  (Jerome;  /.  c.  bpujaujv,  cf.  I  S  23,18:  'A,  bpuuo?), 
/.  e.  Ehrin,  cf.  on  i,35;4,i6;  this  reminds  us  of  the  Moabite  names  tenn  vp,  Vp 
ntenn,  and  may  be  right.  I  (montium,  Jerome)  read  nnnn;  0  also  is  said  to 
have  had  opouc,  a  reading  to  which  CLERICUS  inclines;  so  also  STUDER,  nSjns^O  10 
nnnn  im  Norden  der  Derge  [see  also  Bu.,  Coming.  The  appellative  interpretations, 
3  ante  soils  ortitin  ;  £  Xl?»t?  ty'»  *b  by  before  the  sit/i  se/,  are  inadmissible. 

(14)  v"?S  anaM.    Bu.  (Coining  suspects  that  v"?X  is  erroneous  explanation,  the  original 
subject  of  the  verb  was  Gideon. 

(15)  n^Bjrn;  cf.  v.  s  o"B<j?n.  15 

(16)  em,  as  in  v.  /  oar^a  n«  "nisni;  so  HOUIJIGANT,  DATHE,  ZIEGLER,  BG-TTCHER, 
KROCHMAL,  DOORNINCK,  BKRTHEAU,  BUDDE,  KAUTZSCH,  al.    The  Versions 
have  the  same  verbs  in  both  verses:  ©ALpVn^H  KareHavev,  C5VN  iiXonoev,  3  contri- 
?-//  (coinminitit,    doublet),    5   ^*\  ,    £  TU   (i-ar.  Tii,   nan);   iH   J>T1.     Cy.   esp. 

]'<w/^  6ga  ^j?i  n"sipn  ^y  pis  D^nao  vni  D.TDID  '33t3  oisbm  Dn'apya  n-apa  T»  20 
n'na  in?   ijnnff  nj?   Q^pian  forthwith   they  [the  Jews]  pierced  their  heels  [scil. 
of  the  Cuthean  ambassadors  to  Alexander],  «;/<•/  tied  them  to  the  tails  of  horses, 
and  kept  dragging  thon  over  thorns  and  knap-weed  till  they  brought  them  to 
.]//.  Gerizim.    For  other  references  to  this  mode  of  torture  see  Comin.  ad  loc., 
and  add  LEGGE,  Chinese  Classics,  3,1,  p.  39,  n.    Carding  is  very  common  in  the  25 
Acts  of  the  Syrian  martyrs,  e.  g.  CURETON,  Ancient  Syriac  Documents,  pp.  49  &c. 
The   oldest  (0  translation,   preserved  (with  doublets   corresponding  to  .Jit)  in 
(OALLPVn$H(j)   represents   a  different   text,   which   may   be   restored  as   follows: 
D'3p1331  "O1»n  "S1p2  Dt?T1  VJ?n  nt?  HN  np"1.    This  is  intrinsically  preferable  to  Jll. 
If  the  rest  of  Jll  be  preserved,  n«1  l^n  "2pt  is  probably  to  be  regarded  as  a  gloss  30 
from  v.  14  (Bu.). 

(18)  K1BK  '»  tuho  were  the  men-  as  the  context  requires  (cf.  (0LP  Tiveq);  ill  nD^N,  ffi(T 
where.  Since  this  does  not  seem  to  be  a  pertinent  question,  nor  to  correspond 
to  the  answer,  €S  and  most  recent  commentators  interpret  quales  (see  also 
E.  KONIG,  Theol  Lit.blatt  '96,  No.  5).  HOUB.  and  STUDER,  rightly  feeling  that  35 
we  are  not  warranted  in  ascribing  a  new  meaning  to  HB'K  for  this  single  passage, 
conj.  rO'N  (DOORN.,  alt.};  but  this  particle  is  found  only  before  verbs.  GRATZ 
therefore  emends:  vn  nD'K;  but  n\n  na^W  is  qitomodo  factus  est,  not  qualis  fuit. 
It  is  possible  to  explain  .ffl  as  a  menacing  question;  see  MOORE,  Comm.  ;  Bu.,  Coiit/n. 
liana.  Mt.  Tabor  is  somewhat  remote  from  the  seat  of  the  clan  Abi-ezer;  per-  40 
haps  the  true  name  of  the  place  is  preserved  in  p«n  TOB,  9,37.  [Bu.,  Coinin., 
thinks  rather  of  pan,  9,50.] 

"jbon  "3a  IKna  nnx  b?;  M  nnx,  C5i-p3<?  units  ex  eis.  Modern  interpreters  generally 
take  inx  distributively,  unusqiiist/ue,  for  which  there  is  no  warrant  in  usage. 
[Bu.  conj.  inx  inn.]  ©VNACsBsVn3H05  do  not  represent  ins  at  all.  45 

(21)  VHUJ  »^Ka  "2.    We  should  expect  mini  ]3.    «VN  OTI  ib?  dvbpo?  r)  buva^i?  aou. 
[Bu.,  Coin/n.,  nn«  nia:  BTK  ^a.] 

(22)  ne«M.    See  on  v.  i. 

(24)  For  JR  013  Bu.,  Comm.,  proposes  "DO. 

(25)  iK  ItrnB1"!;  (0  Kai  uveiTTuEe  (lyns1"!),  scil.  Gideon. 

(28)  pj?ni  ^a.    Bu.  would  emend:  "tts  ^a,  in  accord  with  2,18. 

(29)  GRATZ  conj.  in^aa  a^i  nen^D1?  n«s^>  w«v  p  bya-v  ba-i;  t/.  Deut.  31,2.    Bu.,  £.'<;;;*/«., 
suggests 


8,1  —  12  -<*&<§•&<«•  J$\lb%t6  •fcS-OS&o-  43 


8      (i)  natn.     A  fe\v   codd.  of  M:  "lOtO'l  (in  formal   concord   with    ^Nlt^  &**);  so 
Similarly  in  v.  22. 
niop  vi^,  BAR;  the  common  edd.  have  nisop. 

(2)  D23,  so  JH  and  the  Versions,  rightly.    Both  here  and  in  v.  3  some  codd.  and  old 
edd.  have  D33,  what  have  I  done  to  you?  (Ex.  12,  12  ;  28  18,  13).  5 

(3)  MS  Dv6x;  6  Kupio?,  3  Dominus,  £  m,T;  adopted  by  GEDDKS. 

(4)  nnrn  pjnj  «3<11;  ^H  +  13V.    This  use  of  the  participle  is  anomalous;   if  the  word 
were  genuine  it  would  be  necessary  to  emend:  13.5H,  as  0533  translate  (so  GRATZ); 
more   probably,   however,    n3J?  is   a   gloss   added    by  a  scribe   who   missed  an 
explicit  statement  that  Gideon  crossed  the  river.  10 
D'BlTri  D^JJ.    The  order  of  the  words  is  singular;  05VN£  agree  with  M;  $  trans 
poses  the  verbs:  V<O?A^O  se-£°^  (cf-  A);  3  freely,  et  prae  lassitudine  fugicntcs 
persequi  non  poterant\  ©ABsLLpVu^H  6\rrovyuxouvTe<;  KCU  ireivu)VTe<;.    HOUB.  con 
jectured  that  the  last  translation  represents  the  true  text,  D'3.»"n  D^y  [so  Bu., 
Coming;  GRATZ  \\ould  restore  this  or  D'B'j?l  D'3.jn.    It  is  certain  that  05A  al.  did  15 
not  read  D^BTil  ;  but  their  text  seems  to  be  merely  a  double  translation  of  D^J?. 
The  words  are  not  at  all  necessary  in  the  context;  a  bold  critic  might  perhaps 
conjecture  that  they  were  glosses  derived  from  v.  5  ("01  *pn  "OiKl  an  D^J?  '3). 

(5)  The  names  of  the  two  kings  are  pronounced  in  i\\:  J?3»^l  ri3t,  a  kind  of  etymolo 
gical  prophecy  of  their  fate;   05  Zefke  KCU  Ia\uava.     In   j?3»"?s  we  may  prob-  20 
ably  recognize  the  name  of  a  god  D^f;   cf.  31WD1?*  in  an  inscription  of  Teiina 
(NOLDEKE,  Proc.  Berlin  Acad.  '84,  p.  815).     With   the  second   element  cf.  JttD" 

(i  Chr.  7,35)  and  jnan  (Gen.  36,40),  the  latter  an  Eclomite  name. 

(6)  IIOWI,  with  all  the  Versions,  as  the  grammatical  concord  requires;  <H  ")ON"1,  for 
which  some  codd.  read  nfiiOl;  while  others  note  it  as  a  conjecture  (I'S-D)  in  the  25 
margin,  in  accordance  with  the  Masorah  on  Jud.  11,15. 

*]T3  .  .  .  mt  rpn.  This  use  of  Jp  is  perhaps  to  be  explained  by  the  custom  of 
cutting  off  the  hand  of  a  foe  slain  in  battle  as  a  proof  of  the  warrior's  prowess. 
In  Egyptian  texts  entries  like  the  following  are  frequently  found:  Here  I  captured 
and  carried  off  a  hand,  mention  of  which  was  made  to  the  royal  reporter,  and  30 
there  was  given  me  the  golden  collar  of  valor.  There  was  fighting  a  second 
time  at  this  place,  and  a  second  time  /  captured  and  carried  off  a  hand  (FLIN 
DERS  PETRIE,  Hist,  of  Egypt,  2,22).  GRATZ  unnecessarily  conj.  ^«n;  so  also  in 
v.  15. 

(7)  At  D"3p"ian  HK1  -men  "Sip  n«.     The   only  grammatical  interpretation  is  3   cum  35 
spinis,  but  this  is  hardly  a  natural   mode  of  expression;   we  should  expect  by 
(M),  or  3  (©  <!v)  as  in  v.  16.    Perhaps  the  words  are  a  gloss  from  v.  16  [so  Bu., 
Comml\;  see  note  there. 

(n)  The  words  D^nxn  Wlvn  -pi,   which  describe  the   route   taken  by  Gideon,  are 
manifestly  corrupt.    05  TUUV  xaToiKouvruuv  (a/.  oxnvouvTUJv)  £v  aKrjvaic;  similarly  40 
35(5".    The  grammatical  difficulties  might  be  removed  by  emending:  D'33ltyn  ~["n 
D^JlKi.    This  would  not  mean,  however,  the  road  used  by  the  nomads  in  their 
annual  forays  (perhaps  a  trail  which  avoided  the  larger  towns),  as  many  inter 
pret,  but  the  way   to   the   dwellers  in   tents  (£  p13tS>3  pen  •'N31J?  n^TtfB   mi«3 
«nai1  mub  snanoo  «13na3).    But  this  is  not  a  very  natural  way  of  designating  45 
a  particular  route  ;  more  probably  a  proper  name  originally  stood  here.    [Bu., 
Comm.,  conj.  D^ntO  "i31tf  ns^  in  the  direction  toward  the  Bcdoiu  •  road.} 

(12)  jH  nnnn,  supported  by  the  Versions  (but  note  (5L  dSearpeiyev,  5H  ySa»,  05A  al.  (£ 
eterpujjev).  As  the  panic  in  the  camp  seems  to  come  too  late  in  the  story,  after 
the  flight  and  the  capture  of  the  kings,  SCHARFENBERG,  EWALD,  al.  conj.  nnnn  50 
(cf.  Joseph,  bieqpeeipe);  GRATZ  suggests  the  same  emendation;  SCHLEUSNER 
n^SH;  still  more  probable  would  be  Tn3H,  Ex.  23,23  (6  eKTpipuu,  6/9,15);  1^83,5. 
But  A\  may  be  defended;  see  Ez.  30,9;  Zech.  2,4;  2b  17,2  (STUDER). 


42  -oH3«s^«-  jfrutyte  «s-sx»*>-  7,14—25 


(ZAT2,i75)  ingeniously  conj.  '1J1  D^ytf  onb  ^!?S  //^  f/tfJ/f  of  fighting  at  the  gates 
went  circling  about  the  camp-,  £/.$,%.    GRATZ  conj.  bp. 

ffi  "?n«n  by  Wl;  <SABsLLpVnN$H  gwq  (-]y)  Tf|<;  0Kr|vf|<;  MablCXU. 

nbytsb  inSBiTl  inn.     In  .dU  two   glosses  have  intruded,  ba^l  after  1H3M,  and  bfill 
bnNn  at  the  end.    The   former  (A  (gCsBsLLpV^  ,§H  suo  ast^   is  in  an  impossible     5 
place;  the  latter,  for  which  C5CsBs  al.  have  only  KCU  Streaev,  is  in  a  false  tense. 

(14)  DM^NH;  03A  and  a  few  minuscules,  Kupio<;. 

(15)  na»  run.    KROCHMAL  conj.  nns  jm    [Cf.  Assyr.  ^r«  'seer'  (DEL.  HW  639b),  a 
bytV  of  barii  'seer,  clairvoyant,1  tabntu  'vision,'  &c.  (DEL.  HW  i82ff.;  see  also 
ZlMMERN,  Beitr.  zitr  Kenntnis  derbabyl.  Religion,  2,1  (Leipzig,  1899),  Einleitung.]  10 

(18)  pynbl  nw!?;  ©CsHsLi)NVn  pracm.  poucpaid;    similarly  Sf  and  some  codd.  of  lit 
(2-in);  conformation  to  v.  20,  see  note  there.   CLERICUS,  HOUB.,  DATHE,  GEDDES, 
BOTTCHER,  DOORN.,  KAUTZSCH,  al.  would  insert  the  word  here. 

(19)  Brxn  n«»l;  Al  W«  n»0l;  the  article,  which  is  indispensable,  is  omitted  by  haplo- 
grapliy;  the  error  seems  to  be  old,  it  is  faithfully  reproduced  in  ©ABsLp  al.  15 

(20)  \\y-\til  mn"V  ;  Al  and  the  Versions  praem.  3nn,  which  is  probably  a  gloss  (Bu., 
R-S\  WINCKLER);  cf.  v.  18;  [or  misplaced  by  a  redactor;  Bu.,  Co/inn}. 

(21)  nanon  ^3  ^P"1:  ^t®S«T  p"l,  but  yn  is  not  usual  in  the  senseyftv,  and  unnecessarily 
anticipates  1DW1;  and  all  the  camp  awoke,  on  the  other  hand,  adds  an  effective 
trait  to  the  description;  cf.  3  omnia  itaque  castra  turbata  sitnt.   It  is  also  possible  20 
that  yvi  is  only  a  corrupt  doublet  to  lyT1"!. 

1D13M  Qere,  (035(T;  the  Kethib  1DT1  represents  an  interpretation  which  makes 
Gideon's  men  the  subject  of  both  the  last  verbs,  they  raised  the  war-cry,  and 
put  them  to  flight  (DoORN.);  not,  they  (the  Midianites)  tried  to  save  their  goods 

(BERTH.;  Cf.  6,1  1).  "5 

(22)  nnaitfn  nistsn  vbv  1J?pnM   the  three  hundred  blew  the  horns  (ypn  construed  by 
the  editor  with  ace.,  as  in  Jcr.  4,5  &c.);  cf.  v.  20,  3  insistebant  trecenti  viri  buc- 
cinis  personantes;  itt  niXO  Vfhv,  cf.  6V  Kai  ^adXTTiaav  ^v  raT?  Tpiaxoaiai?  Kepari- 
vaiq.     The   rendering   of  (BAi5sl'LilVn.$itJB   xai   tauXmaav   TpiaKoaiai  xepaTivai   is 
against  the  usage   of  the  Heb.  verb.    It  is  perhaps  rash  to  assume  that  M  may  3° 
not,  after  all,  be  what  the  editor  wrote.    ZlEGLER  conj.  tyVtra,  cf.  <5V  and  v.  20. 
KlJENEN  and  ]Ju.  (Coming  point  ^pR'l,  cf.  Am.  3,6. 

nirmn  ban;   ill  "?3^,   accidental  repetition  of  1  from  the  preceding  UJH3.    The 

error  is  older  than  ©A^VuN^n  Kai  <?v  o\r)  (<r/.  -iruan)  rf)  Trapeupo\f|. 

nnn»,  so   STUDKR,  «/.  as  in    iK  11,26   (03  lapeipa),  generally  identified  with  35 

]rm  (i  K  4,  12  ;  7,46);  t/  2  Chron.  4,17;^  nnm».    (6AL  <il.  3»  xai  r\v  0uvtnufcV)i 

perhaps  represents  another  \-ariant  (HMt),  but  more  probably  sustains  4H  (TUt, 

FIELD).    S  !MJ,  A  Jj^^x-o. 

jit  n3o  by  nbino  bnx  TESB'  nj>.   Perhaps  neto  and  rota  are  doublets  (GRATZ).    For 

by  the  Masorah  (on  Gen.  49,13)  notes  that  iy  would  be  conjectured  (T3D);  some  40 

codd.  have  ny  in  the  text,  without  note;  this  is  preferred  by  Bu.,  Conun. 

(24)  mn  n^3.    The  name  is  often  explained  as  equivalent  to  rmj>  n'3,  V  being  drop 
ped  in  common  speech  (CLERICUS,  HOUB.,  RELAND,  CiRATZ,  a/.);  but  there  i; 
no    evidence   of  such  a   tendency   in    Heb.     (5    Bcuepnpct   (<5AV  al.  Baienpu  is 
transcriptional    error),    3   Bethbera,    3    IjJ^.   K^   suggest    rather   m«   n^3;    (•/:  45 
Jerome  (Onom.  Sacra,  ed.  LAG.  106,  12)  quodinterpretatur  damns  aquae,  si-ueputei. 
pl'n  nxi.    I  suspect  that  pvn  n«  was  originally  a  marginal  note  to  D'DH;  when 
introduced  into  the  text  in  this  place,  the  conjunction  was  necessarily  prefixed. 
[So  BU.,   Comm.]    C.RATZ  would  correct  n«l  to  "?K  =  by,  connecting  it  with  the 
words  immediately  preceding,  as  far  as  Bethabara,  on  the  Jordan;  the  second  50 
occurrence  of  the  words  he  regards  as  a  dittogram.    Cf.  3  (1°)  ^i, 

(2°)  ^lie-*'  'f=»  ^*a^-. 

(25)  ]^D  n«,  with  some  old  edd.,  635,  GRATZ  ;  Al  b*. 


7,3—13  -<*&«&•&•  3\nt>%ee  -fcs-a»»s*s<>'-  41 


JT  mien  r\ynh  JIBXO  rvn  po  nanai;  ill  and  the  Versions,  mion  nysia  ]IBX»  ib  rrn 
P»J?3.  In  our  ignorance  of  the  topography,  the  emendation  is  very  uncertain. 
The  cause  of  the  corruption  appears  to  be  contamination  from  v.  8;  I  therefore 
omit  1s?  and  pfij?3;  and  for  nj?33»,  which,  if  sound,  would  require  a  terminus  ad 
quern  (.  .  .  nj>),  write  njnj'?.  We  might  also  think  of  mien  njj3.:o  psso  "b  iTn,  but  5 
according  to  v.  8  the  camp  was  in  the  valley  (pttj?3).  Bu.,  conforming  more 
closely  to  v.  8,  would  restore:  pttj?3  mi&n  nj?3^  paxa  nnntt  ll?  HYi;  but  the  state 
ment  that  the  camp  of  Midian  was  below  him,  which  in  v.  8  is  preparatory  to 
the  following  narrative,  is  in  v.  i  less  relevant. 

minn  rjni'r.    ©v  rapaaOa.uuupa,  OAL  al.  SH  CITTO  (TOU)  fSouvoO  (ve!  PUJUOU)  TOU    10 
Auujpou  (AfSuup,  A^ujpai,  &c.),  58  TOU  Auoppaiou;  cf.   Hexapla  here,  and  on  Gen. 
12,6;  Deut.  II  ,30. 

(3)   W  Tim  NT  "ft.    The  words  which  follow  in  JH,  ly^ri  in»  IBS'1!,  are  unintelligible, 
and  doubtless  corrupt.    The  verb,  which  is  not  found  elsewhere,  is  rendered  by 
the  Versions  (probably  guided  merely  by  38"  and  ]»  in  the  context)  depart,  set  15 
forth  quickly,  &c.;  05ACsBsLLpVn,gH<g  <?2uupur|<Jav  (-aev),  ©VN  ^xxujpeiTUJ.     Modem 
interpretations,    following  etymological   combinations,   make  a  circiiit,   or  leap, 
spring,  are  hardly  more  satisfactory.    GRATZ  conj.  yiB^l  break  through;  or  (later) 
"13JT1.    A  greater  difficulty  lies  in  the  words  ijj^jn  "irifi,   since  Gilead  is  remote 
from  the  scene  of  operations.     J.  D.  MICH.  conj.  into,  _/&>£  quickly  to  Gilead;  20 
but  this  conflicts  with  vv.  7.8.     CLERICUS'  emendation,  jn^in  "intt,  is  adopted 
by  HOUB.,  GEDDES,  HITZ.,  BERTH.,  GRATZ,  DOORN.,  REUSS,  and  others;  but 
if,  as  these  critics  assume,  Gideon  was  encamped  on  Mt.  Gilboa  (see  v.  i),  the 
words  are  wholly  superfluous  (DATHE,  STUDER).    EWALD  explains  the  words  as 
an  old  Manassite  saying,  in  which  Gilead  is  proverbially  used  for  the   battle-  25 
field,  —  a  theory  more  ingenious  than  plausible.    Observing  that  in  the  present 
text  the  execution  of  the  divine  command  at  the  beginning  of  the  verse  is  not 
narrated,  while  its  consequences  are  ("U1  DJ?n  ]O  3Bn),  we  may  perhaps  suspect 
that  the  author  wrote  pjnj  DB15n  and  Gideon  put  them  to  the  test  (cf.  v.  4),  scil, 
of  the  proclamation  2W  Tim  NT  'D  (Deut.  20,8);  cf.  $  "iPOm,    assuming  meta-  30 
thesis,  as  does  R.  Jesaia.    KROCHMAL  conj.  nun  *pjn  nybi  intt  2W11  Tim  NT  'fi 
'lii  Dj?n  p. 

(5)  mh  iniN  issn,  with  ©ALLpN^Hg  ^eTaaTrlo•el?  aurov  KaG'  auxov  ((/:  also  (OCsRs). 
similarly  33.    The  words  are  accidentally  omitted  in  A\. 

(6)  n^pp^on;  JH  +  Dn"B  bx  DT3,  so  03VN  (probably  0);  see  GRABE,  ^/.  ad  Millium,  35 
p.  14;  FIELD  «v/  loc.    This  explanation  of  pp^>,  which  contradicts  Ulty'rn  (v.  5),  is 
obviously   false;   in   its   place   05ALLP£(6  have   the    correct  gloss  £v  rfj  Y\u)0ar] 
auTiijv;   conflation  of  the  two  has  occurred  in  (gCsBsVnxH.    The  gloss  in  ifl  was 
probably  intended    for    the    words    D^D  nints6  at    end  of  v.  6,  where   it  would 
rightly  express  the  sense  (so  DOORN.;  Bu.,  Coming;  not  so  likely  genuine  at  the  40 
end  of  v.  5  (Bu.,  R-S;  KAUTZSCH),   where  we  should  expect  the  sing.  b»  1T3 
VS.   On  the  manner  of  drinking  here  described  see  STADE,  ZAT  16,183-186. 

(8)  DJ?n  ^3  nN  inp^l;  M  oyn  nix.     The  grammatical  objection  may  be  removed  by 
reading  ms  (DOORN.,  GRATZ),  or  TS  (Jos.  9^.14);  and  the  text  then  has  the 
support  of  all  the  Versions.     But  the  verse  is  evidently  a  preparation  for  the  45 
story  of  Gideon's  stratagem  in  vv.  i6ff.  ;  it  is  essential  to  explain  where  he  got 
so  many  jars  as  well  as  the  horns,  and  quite  irrelevant  to  comment  on  his  supply 
of  provisions.    Emend  therefore:  '13;  in  the  old  alphabet  the  error  might  easily 
be  made.     Perhaps  we  should  also  read  np^l,  to  agree  with  the  following  n^, 
and  DTQ  [Bu.,  Coming.    STUDER  conjectures  that  the  beginning  of  v.  8  (as  far  50 
as  nrrnnaup)  should  be  joined  to  the  preceding,  reading  inpM,  jussive. 

(12)  ^b  2°.    GRATZ  thinks  the  word  erroneously  repeated  from  the  end  of  a. 

(13)  Wx  Qere;  Kethib  V6x.    Perhaps  nn^>  is  a  gloss  to  the  rare  word.    G.  HOFFMANN 

>d.  6 


40  -«83«<cg-g$-  3U&340  ^•©"•s?*0*-  6,  i  g  —  7,1 


this  pronoun  is  sd  with  long«;  see  Johns  Hopkins  University  Circulars,  No.  114, 
p.  ma.  —  P.  H.J 

(19)  p"ion,  so  here  and  in  v.  20  Qamhi,  NORZI,  BAR,  GlNSB.;  the  common  text  has 
pnon. 

(20)  m,T  -jK^ts,   with  05ACsBsL<7/.5H3<s)  GEDDES,  as  in  w.  11.12.21.22;  At®VN  -^bo    5 
D'n^Kn,  <SLP  affeXoc,  Kupiou  TOU  6eoO,  conflate;  cf.  4,23.     Compare  the  tradition 

of  the  divine  names  in  c.  13;  Num.  22. 

(24)  Read  nib»|niiT  ib  Kip11!  with  BAR,  GINSB.,  al.   The  punctuation  m^tf  nyr  VrK-ip'i 
represents  an  ingeniously  perverse  interpretation.  See  also  NORZI  ad  loc.      HOUB. 
remarks   that   ©   (eipr|vn.   Kupiou)   and   (T,  also,  found   the   name  of  the  altar  a   10 
stumbling-block. 

(25)  ]»t£>n  n&n,  a  perhaps  too  bold  conjecture  in  this  locus  desperatus;  cf.  ©ABsLLpVn 
£3H<f  TOV  u60xov  TOV  ovreuTov.    A\  lltrn  IB,  03V  TOV  |u6axov  TOV  Taupov  (05N  +  TOV 
aiTeuTov).    53  (taurum  patris  tui)  do  not  translate  Tiirn.  —  ill  continues,  "3»n  "iBl 
trie*  J>2tr  (<!5ALl,p  A  conjunction);  <:/  <Jt?n  nsn  vv.  26.28.    Here  "Jwn  A  ©CsBsi^  511   ,5 
.sv//;   <«/.  ;   the   whole   clause  is   lacking   in   (BN.     Apparently  Ti»n  and  '3tyn  are 
doublets,  and  both  corrupt;  in  v.  26  also  'iBM  is  not  represented  in  (OCsBsLpVn  a/^ 
while  in  v.  28  these  codd,  with  CAL  and    5Ht  translate  OITCUTOC.     Graphically, 
]fc&  comes  nearest  to  the  doublet  in  M  (cf.  i  S  15,9,  on  which  see  WELLH.  and 
DRIVER);  otherwise  we  might  conjecture  xnon  (GRATZ),  cf.  A  286,13;  ZIKGLER  20 
suggests   ]Bfn.     EWALD   interprets  'Jl^n   (from  n3t£>)  annosus;   if  the  sense  were 
acceptable,  we  should  prefer  to  emend:  ]Wn  (the  opposite  error  Cant.  7,  10,  cf.  (5). 
KUENEN  (in  DOORN.,  p.  /o,n.)  suspects  that  T13«9  1B?N  "ntrn  nB  is  an  attempt  to 
restore  a  corrupt  text;  the  original  read:  D'itf  J?3^  "^1  1^3^13  D^JX  mtrj?  np;  the 
words  ^t?n  and  "i^n  1BH  are  still  later  glosses;  so  KAUTZSCH.     With  D^ty  J?3^  it  25 
seems  impossible  to  do  anything. 

(26)  A\  •pn'jN  nin'1'?  ;  ©ALLPVntf  (5H  j?<r^  obel^}  +  TUJ  oqpGevti  0ot. 

n2lj?ftl  ntn  nj?on.  For  liyo,  which  does  not  occur  elsewhere  in  the  Historical 
Books,  some  good  codd.  and  old  edd.  of  £1  have  py»n,  according  to  a  marginal 
note  in  a  MS  the  reading  of  the  school  of  Sora  (see  BAR).  The  word  Pj;»  seems  30 
to  mean  sanctuary,  place  of  refuge;  cf.  Dan.  11,19.  GRATZ,  with  a  query,  nnton. 
03  takes  the  word  as  a  proper  name  (with  the  doublet  TOO  dpouq  in  many  codd.); 
©LP  ToO  opou?  sine  addit. 

(BLP  ev  Tf|  KdTabucrei  T?|<;  -rrapaTaEeajc,  doublet,  ra"ij>03. 
isn,  see  note  on  v.  25.  35 

(27)  moj>;  ®ALLpg  Tpeiq  xai  b^xa  (5H  rpeit;  .w/;  /«?///«.)• 

(28)  pirn  isn,  see  note  on  v.  25. 

(31)  w«v  naK'l.    (OV  Pebeuuv  uio<;  luuac,  against  the  context  and  the  entire  tradition. 
•6  nn"  li»«.    The  phrase  -6  n^"  cannot  be  taken  in  a  different  sense  from  that 
which  the  same  words  have  in  the  preceding  tyn!?  ;i3'-in  nn«n,  as  is  done  by  05  40 
(in  various  forms)  and  3,  which  render  —  though  they  probably  did  not  read  — 
vb«  TT  contend  against  (21,22;  Jer.  12,  i  ;  Job  33,  13),  in  which  sense  the  author 
writes  just  below,  'n  Ti.    GRATZ  conj.  ID.    In  l1?  3T  at  the  end  of  the  verse  the 
suffix  must  be  reflexive.    This  was  misunderstood   by  the  author  of  the  gloss 
imio  nx  pro  "2,  if  the  words  were  originally  meant  for  this  place;  more  probably,  45 
however,  the  gloss  was  designed  for  the  end  of  v.  32  (where  it  also  stands),  and 
was  introduced  at  the  end  of  v.  31  by  a  transcriptional  accident  (GRATZ). 

(34)  ill  p»n_.   KAUTZSCH  conj.  p»Pi. 

(39)  nnn  hy,  with  some  codd.  and  old  edd.,  as  in  v.  37  ;  itt  *?N. 


7    (i)  IT"  Kin.    These  words  (not  byiv,  KiTTEL)  are  a  gloss. 

Tin  \>y.   GRAT/  formerly  (GescJi.  1,121)  conj.  1KT  \*y.  [Contrast  WELLHAUSEN  on 
i|»  83,11  and  his  Skiszen  und  Vorarbeiten,  part  6  (Berlin,  1899),  p.  180.  —  1'.  H.J 


5,31—6,17  -~  K3«s-§<»  jfubg«er  «>§•©»«*>-  39 


(1^45,10;  Nch.  2,6),    which   is    adopted  by  WELLH.,   STADE,   DOORN., 
KAUTZSCH,  GRIMME,  al. 

Other  conjectures  are:  hbV  n.NlX^  _/2?r  the  neck  of  him  who  takes  the  spoil 
(\V.  GREEN);  cf.  &  IJotaj  lioj  <^;  ^  in«lS^/0r  /«>  »^-/>,  rtJ  a  spoil  (STUDER, 
E.  MEIER),  cf.  05VCsBs  Tjj  rpaxriXtu  autoO  OKOXa,  05A  n-epi  Tpcixn^ov  autoO  OKuAov;  5 
raraft,  cf.%  ad  adornanda  colla,  C5LLP  irepi  Tpdxn^ov  auToO  «>;<?  rtrtW//.  ;  "?"?»  n«lsV 
(or  n«isl?)  /or  wy  w^£,  as  a  spoil  (TELLER,  BOTTCHER,  REUSS,  GRATZ,  a/.). 
DOORN.  restores  the  lines:  —  ano'D^  n'jnx  yas  ^» 

^»  -nHix!?  D'nap-i  nepn  !?te 
Bu.,  Co»im.,  makes  three  symmetrical  lines:  —  10 

nviam  am  ^tf 

^  a;rns  jnx  ^V» 
DTiEpn  nopi  ^ty 
Note  the  remarkable  doublets  to  vv.  29.30  in  6T-P. 

(31)  E.  MEIER  regards  this  verse  as  a  later  addition  to  the  Ocb,  on  account  of  its  15 
contents,  and  because  it  does  not  fit  into  his  system  of  strophes;  WINTER  also 
doubts  its  genuineness,  on  theological  grounds  (ZAT  9,223^),    and   is  followed 
by  Bu.  (Corntn.^  MARQ.,  al. 

TaniK,  with  3,5,  as  the  parallelism  requires,   HOUB.,  DATHE,  GEDDES,  GRATZ, 
al.  •,  JHC^  V3m«.    An  alternative  is  to  read  "SMN  in  the  preceding  line.  20 

Al  PBPn.    GRIMME  VK>V,  on  metrical  grounds. 


(2)  nnnJDn.    A  word  of  uncertain  meaning;  ©CsBsLVnBmQjgH  |udvbpac,  (SVN  rpu|ua- 

Xici?,  3  antra.    GRATZ  conj.  nnmo  (from  nna  bore,  pierce]. 

nnj?on  n«i.   Bu.  suspects  that  the  words  are  a  gloss  to  nnnaen.  25 

(5)  iNrri;  Al  K'thib,  (5VN  uc';  Qere  ism  (which  some  codd.  and  old  cdd.  have  in  the 

text),  conforming  to  the  preceding  llJjT;  <OALVi»Q£  Kai  T(i?  aK)-)vd<;  auruuv  -rrap^pe- 

pov  (i.sa-)  xai  Trapu-ftvovTO    K.r.e.,    (OU'  irapdfpepov,    Kai   TOUC   Kau)]\ouq   OUTUJV 

i'lTov,  Kai  -rrape-fevovTO;  so  5H  (-rrapeqpepov  .  .  .  rpfov  sub  leiinrisco]  i\     5  omits 

I1?}?'1  and  translates  1X2";  cf.  3.     GRATZ  strikes  out  ISO'  as  an  accidental  repetition  30 

of  the  following  IWi. 

naixn;  ^l  nns. 
(7a)  The  first  half  of  this  verse,  omitted  in  ©VNJ.^  is  canceled  by  GRATZ  as  doublet 

to  v.  6b.    The  repetition  in  Al  is  not  clue  to  transcriptional  accident. 
(9)   BTU81,  so  BAR,  with  a  fe\v  codd.  and  old  edd.,  and  STUDER;  the  context  requires  35 

the  impf.  consec.  (05352).     The  received   reading  is  eruxi,    cf.  20,6;  other  in 

stances  of  this  anomaly  (in  some  cases  expressly  prescribed  by  the  Masorah)  in 

BOTTCHER  §  973,2;  cf.  GES.-KAUTZSCH26  §  49,  c. 
(11)   Bu.  (Coming  surmises  that  the  true  order  of  the  words  is  1t?N  ntyn  S2«  majn 

»«V^.  40 

(13)  Al  nirr  ii»B3;  (BALI.],  al.  d  UTTUJOUTO  fnufi?  Kupioc,  (5'«  Kupio?  sub  asf.};  05  re/.  A 
Kupioc. 

(14)  Al  ni,T>  V^N  ]BM;  05  6  aTTC^oq  Kupiou,  as  in  v.  n,  adopted  by  GEDDES,  GRATZ. 

Al  p13  rpfc;  A  OJCsIisLVn  rt/-t  3H  j;^  ^/.(?). 

(15)  -ill  •'JIK  "3;  the  punctuation,  in   distinction  from  "VIS  v.  13,  indicates  that  Gideon  45 
now  recognized  his  visitor  as  divine. 

(i  6)  jH05l'VnSH£.$  -j0y  ,Tnx  ,3  nin,  VL,X  nDK,1;  (fjvN  Ka',  e^gv  irp^  a^,Tiv  6  aTTe\0? 

Kupiou,  Kupioc;  eatai  (nerd  aou.  Gonformation  to  Ex.  3,  12  is  to  be  suspected  in 
Al-  the  author  probably  wrote  simply  1»J>  rrrp  ni.T  v^«  nnXM  i  S  17,37  (^u-i 
GRATZ);  cf.  ®CsI5s  <7/.  xai  el-rrev  irpoc;  auxuv,  Kupioc;  UCTCI  aou  (as  in  v.  12).  50 

(17)  "Dion  nn«B>  ///«/  //  /j  77/w/  a///^>  speakcst  with  me-,  cf.  Gen.  45,12;  Al  1310;  the 
article,  which  is  necessary  to  the  sense,  is  omitted  by  haplography.  [For  B>  (else 
where  before  gutturals  tf)  it  will  be  well  to  remember  that  the  original  form  of 


38  "-oKa-o-g*  3»»&3««  *&©»ejt>~  5,27—30 


dxpeiuJaou.    The  commonly  received  translation  is  that  of  A, 
ocpupctv  KOTTIUJVTUJV,  so  (5VBmN,  3  (ad  fabroruin  niallcos  =  rfxhr\),  %  '»- 
all  guided  by  4,21   (rapan).     MARTI  (in  BUDDE,   Coming  conj.  bb»n  rf?nb  her 
rigJit  hand  smites  with  great  effort. 

nttVni;   A\  and   Versions  +  SID^D.     The  symmetry  of  the   distich  gains   by   the     5 
omission  of  the  name,  which  may  have  been  added  by  a  scribe  for  greater  ex- 
plicitness.    Some  codd.  of  A\  nii'jn,  without  the  conjunction. 
MARQ.  cancels  npnn  as  a  gloss  to  nsno  following. 

inp-i  nsbm  nxn»1.    Many  codd.  of  ill  have  nsntt,  without  the  conjunction,  which 
may  be  a  transcriptional  error  (hap/ography*}  ;  as,  on  the  other  hand,  nxnai  may  10 
be  dittography;  STUDER  prefers  to  omit  the  conjunction. 

(27)  22»  bD3  JTD  n^il  p;  jnevumNL  (cf.  ,$H)_j-<j33  jji3  -^n  p,   an  accidental  repe 
tition  (REUSS,  A.  MULLER,  Bu.}.    The  words  are  lacking  in  5A,  and  only  partially 
attested  in  the  other  recensions  of  03.    In  numerous  codd.  of  A\  the  first  line  is 
omitted.  —  The  Greek  translators,  connecting  rr^n  p  3,3B>,  render  eKoiurien  laeraSu    1  5 
TWV  uobuuv  auTf|C,   or  xai  dqpuTrvuuaev  diva  u^aov  TWV  OKeXOuv  ai)Tf|<;,  &c.     This 
interpretation  has  resulted  in  contamination  in  several  recensions  of  ®  in  4,21  ; 

cf.  also  16,  19.    MARQ.  strikes  out  33B>  as  gloss  to  ^£33. 

jn2  "IC>N3,  so  jtlOjABsLLpVn,§H  (tv  ill).    ®VN  KaGibt;,  i.  e.  "iw«r,  which  is  found  in  one  or 
two  codd.  of  &.  —  Note  the  doublet  in  ®LP  KaOdx;  ^aKiprrjae  TaXaimiupoi;,  6/4,21.  20 
In  place  of  Jjn:  we  might  expect  1CJ?;  accidental  conformation  to  the  preceding 
line  is  possible  (Bu.,  Coining. 

(28)  nmi.    This  word  is  very  doubtful.     In  the  Targums  22"1  is  the  usual  equivalent 
of  Heb.  yin,  «32"  of  nynn.     In  Syriac  the  meaning  is  the  same.    It  is  of  course 
possible  that,  like  dXaXcxEuu,  the  verb  could  also  be  used  of  a  loud  cry  of  pain  25 
or  distress;  so  probably  S  here  k:p-«  (cf.  3  et  ululabaf),  though  other  examples 

of  this  sense  have  not  been  produced.  (IT,  however,  does  not  so  understand  the 
word,  but  translates  «pno  (or  Np'lix,  Qamhi^  kept  close  watch.  Similarly  ffiAL, 
§H  sub  as/.,  KctTeucivGavev,  which  we  find  elsewhere  for  verbs  of  seeing,  gazing, 
and  the  like;  KLOST.  and  MARQ.  emend  l^nni.  Cf.  further  e-rrip\^Trou0a  eiri  30 
TOU?  ueTaarpe^ovTa?  uerd  Iiaapa,  which  in  most  codd.  of  (0  stands  in  the  sec 
ond  line  of  the  distich,  but  contains  apparently  a  variant  translation  of  the  first 
line  (K1D"D  DJ>  for  N^D^D  DN;  33TH  derived  from  3in  =  31ty);  DOORN.  however 
supposes  ueTCtOTpecpovTac;  to  represent  a  corruption  of  aXJlPK.  fiVBmN  have 
neither  this  clause  nor  KCtTeucivOavev.  35 

vnusio  "oys.    BICK.ELL  makes  the  prosaic  observation,  currus  non  facit  grcssus, 
and  cancels  '•OJJSJ. 

(29)  nj'3j?n  3  pi.  fern.,  as  required  by  the  subj.  n'nn»  rnosri;  so  05;  f»  njiyn,  or  na'jyn 
(NORZl),  3  sing.  fern.  c.  suff.  3  sing,  fern.;  cf.   3   una  sapientior  ccteris  uxoribus, 
^U  ot^»A^  Kioj^w,  ©I-P  (in  a  doublet  qppovrian;  ioxuoi;  aurfu;,  /.  c.  n»3n.    The  4° 
Masorah  treats  the  form  in  A\  as  plur.;   see  Ochla  wc-Ochla,  No.  369,  and  cf. 
inkdukc  §  55.    An  alternative  is  to  emend  moan,  as  HlTZlG,  DELITZSCH,  al.  do 

in  Prov.  14,  1  ;  cf.  9,  1  ;  or  n»3n  the  wisest  one  (MARTI  in  Bu.,  Comm.\ 

rh  n^niDK  a^r.    BICK.ELL  conj.  ntrBjb.    OjALLp^Hg  <?v  pnuaoiv  aurnq,  reading  3't?n 

,T"ID«2  (DOORN.\  45 

(30)  D'noni  am.    «$  jli;oj>  a  mule,  which  gives  slender  support  to  GKATZ'S  conj.  lion 
DTilDn  accn'KS;  cf.  15,16. 

The  last  two  lines  in  A\  are:—  no  pi  D'jm  ^V 


The  words  D"X>3S  bbty  are  accidentally  repeated  from  the  preceding  line  (REUSS,  5° 
A.  MULLER;   BlCKELL  would  strike  out  KID'ob  also^;   two  or  three  codd.  omit 
these  three   words  (haplography?);   J>3$  also  is  out  of  place  (REUSS,  MtJLLER). 
There   is   manifestly   some   error  in   the   words  Wv  "l«1S^  of  JH;  Ew.  conj.  b& 


5,22—26  -of-js*©-^  ^fudgea  *>§<®5»ej3^  37 


48  tj>  ^B3  '3VJn.  05  KaraTrarriaei  CCUTOUC;  (a/.  OUTOV)  ^»uxn  uou  buvarr),  3  conculca 
anima  men  robustos,  £  f|1pra  yin'im  ^"Bp  TB3  wcni,  5  JULxi  y«Ai  yj,l,  (3U  »**sj), 
all  supporting  JH;  the  corruption  is  therefore  ancient.  The  words  must  contain 
the  end  of  the  preceding  hemistich,  '\y\  OTin  CTOVipi  ^>nJ.  In  the  place  of 
'SVin  the  parallelism  then  requires  a  verb  corresponding  to  rpJ  in  the  first  line;  5 
and  in  place  of  tj?  ^BJ  an  (explicit)  object  corresponding  to  the  pronoun  them  in 
DEn:.  HOUB.  conj.  ty  <Bte3  "Pnn;  6/  Is-  63,3.  For  RUBEN'S  emendation  see  above, 
p.  36,  1.  50.  MARQ.  transposes  the  line  to  the  end  of  v.  27. 

(22)  DID  'OpJ?  lo^n  IN;  #1  W^H;  but  the  verb  is  elsewhere  transitive,  and  an  ellipsis  of 
pN  is  harsh.    The  Versions  have  taken  it  as  passive:  (5  dTTeKOTrnaav  (=  1»Vn,   10 
SCHARFENBERG),   £veupoKOTif|0r|aav,    eveirobiaGriaav,    0  dveKomiaav;   or   neuter 
(33&);   and   this   seems   to   be  required  by  ;e   in  the  following  line,  which  can 
hardly  be  taken  otherwise  than  causatively  (from,  in  consequence  of)  ;  so  CLERICUS, 
tune  contusi  sunt  calcanei  equoritm,  propter  &c.      Bu.  (Coining  reads  10^n  and 
DWD  ^apj?,  taking  over  the  12  from  the  following  rmmtD,   which  removes  the  dim-  15 
culty  of  construction.    Bu.  would  also  transpose  v.  22  (or  2ib.22)  to  stand  before 
v.  2la,  or  (with  MARQ.)  before  v.  20. 

ffi  W3N  mm  mime.    The  repetition  may  be  explained  as  an  imitation  of  the 
sound  of  galloping  hoofs.    It  is  possible,  however,  that  it  is  accidental;  (BAL  al. 
5H  d|U|uabapuu6  (iuabapu)6,  and  other  variations^  buvaruuv  (buvaarujv)  autou.    Ob-  20 
serve  also  A,  ecpopjuuuvroiv  r)  euirpe-rreia  (cf.   PROCOP.),  reading  DYin  for  mim 
2°  (SCHARFENBERG,    FIELD);    while   ©CslJsVl1  al.   eKcn-cxaeuj?   auruuv  seems   to 
represent  rnnn.     C5vlimN   a-rroubfi    eaueuaav    [axupoi    aurou    (nnO',   ("rni);   ^/".  3. 
The  text  has  therefore  been  differently  understood,  and  has  varied  considerably; 
but  im  is   found  in   a  similar  connection   in   Nah.  3,2,   and  is  probably  sound.   25 
STUDER  would  read  JThrn  (stat.  abs.),  and  make  VT3N  ace.,  obj.  of  lobn  (transi 
tive). 
For  vv.  22.21  CHEVNE,  JQR,  July  '98,  p.  566,  offers  the  following:  - 


30 

yitrp  bni  •'ii^np  «\ns 
tf>iK>B3  ""Sinn  OBIS 

(23)  jJlfiVBmNCsBs  «/.  ^HjjJ-  ,nt5;   gALpVn  '«/.   g  MaZuJp,   (SL  Mapuup,   5  ?o^o.     It  has 
been  conjectured  that  mo  is  the  mutilation  of  a  better  known  name;  D.Y10,  Jos. 
11,5   (PAGNINUS,  CLERICUS   [citing  EUSEBIUS'  description   of  the  situation  of  35 
Meppav,   Onom.   Sacra,   278,99,  ed.  LAG.],  BOTTCHER,   GRATZ,  «/.);  or  p«i» 
Jos.  12,20,  cf.  n,  i  (5  (KRUSE,  Ew.,  DONALDSON,  A'ERNES);  or  Mn.puu0,  Joseph., 
War,  iii,3,i  =  Mnpuu,  ib.  ii,2O,6  (Jusxi,  KROCHMAL,  BOTTGER). 

mns  -[K^o.    £  ninn  N^2:  no«  ('ui  x^ai  pin  ION).   GRIMME  strikes  out  ixbo  on 
metrical  grounds  ;  as  in  many  other  places,  the  word  is  a  later  addition  to  avoid  40 
anthropomorphism.    Sec  Bu.,  Coniin. 

yh,   supported,   with   numerous   variations    of  translation,   by 
omit  nin11  ritp1?,   running  the  two  lines  into  one.     ®VN  eic 
ev   buvaroT<;,    3    in   adjutorium  fortissimoruin   ejus,       nin\   which  is 
lacking  also  in  many  cocld.  of  M.  45 

(24)  ^j?';  M  and  the  Versions  +  '•rpn  13H  nt»»,   a  gloss  from  4,17,   which  completely 
destroys  the  balance  of  the  verse  (BlCKELL,  A.  MULLER,  Bu.,  OTTLI,  MARQ.); 
GRIMME  finds  it  sufficient  to  omit  Tpn. 

(26)  nanbffn,  with  DE  DIEU,  CLERICUS,  SCHNURRER,  BICKELL,  al.\  &  njn^ri  (3  pi. 
fern.  !);'k  defended  by   HOLLMANN,  STUDER,  BACHMANN,    and  retained  without  50 
comment  by  GRIMME. 

fSi  D^OJ?  mebn^.    The  Versions  render  variously:  C5ALPVnSH  (cf.  <SL)  ei<;  CITTOTOILXUC 
,  cf.  also  £  I'DiNl  ]<iywi  lan^O1?;  ®CslJS  al.  ((DVn  as  a  doublet)  £  TOU  ei? 


36  -*of-j3*®-^»  ^utyee  *§-©»e*»~  5,15—21 


5  (15)  mm  cy  nrto"  "itol;  Jtt  mm  OJ?  -irti^n  ntoi.  Neither  nto,  nor  the  emendation 
•nto  (SCHNURRER,  DATHE,  STUDER,  BERTH.,  al.\  nor  D^t?  (KAUTZSCH)  seems 
sufficient;  33?  render  -isiy  'it?  ///£  princes  of  Issachar  (so  J.  D.  MlCH.), 
which  removes  the  difficulty;  but  we  cannot  be  sure  that  we  thus  recover  the 
original  text;  "OW3,  it  must  be  noted,  is  attested  in  both  Greek  translations,  5 
and  the  other  Versions  may  have  had  the  same  text.  —  For  DJ>  we  may  read 
DV,  as  BU.  does,  who  restores  the  line:  mm  DP  iSBfBTO  "Hfe  IIBp  count  [if  you 
can]  the  princes  of  Issachar,  Deborah's  tribe;  so  also  MARQ.  WlNCKLER  conj. 
ntf;  see  on  v.  14. 

p"D  p  ^riBSi,  so  STUDER;  t/  4,6;  5,18;  Al  'ill  "OBNPM;   neither  (5  nor  3  renders   10 
this  second  12W.   The  following  p"O  p  can  hardly  be  sound;  KAUTZSCH,  -i2»Br:i, 
p13  p,   a  formally  correct  sentence   but  a  complete  anticlimax.    GRIMME  and 
MARQ.  strike  out  .-irBWI  as  a  gloss;  the  former  carries  p"Q  p  over  to  the  next  line. 
Jll  l^j-O  n>>B>  p»jn;  ®AL  «/.  3H  eEa-rreateiXev  ireZiou^  auTOu  ei<;  THV  KOiXdba,  with 
the  doublet  dS^reivev  ev  (al.  A)  TOI<;  iroaiv  auTOu,  6/  (5CsBs  «/.  £v  Tfj  KoiXdbi  &i-   15 
reivev  -rrobac;   aurou;   Z,    aTre\uaev   TOU<;   Troba?   aurou.    The  active  is  perhaps 
better  (A.  MtJLLER:  the  passive  certainly  wrong);  possibly  the  same  verb  originally 
stood  here  and  in  v.  14  (ocntP).     WlNCKLER  conjectures  here  also  *lltf  in  the 
Assyrian  sense,  they  descended;  MARQ.  would  read  t^J  (Cant.  4,  i). 
nb  npn,  as  in  the  repetition  of  the  words,  v.  i6b,    Hour,.,  A.  MtJLLER,  al.  ;  Jtt  20 
here  ^7  ''ppn. 

(16)   At   the    end    of  the  verse  the  words   21?  npn  D^HJ  pl«1  nubfi1?    (codd.  nilbsa) 
have  been  erroneously  repeated  from  v.  i5b,  so  TELLER,  REUSS,  A.  MULLER, 
MARQ.,  al.  —  Bu.,  on  the  contrary,  strikes  out  the  words  in  v.  15  and  retains  them 
here  as  containing  the  answer  to  the  question  of  v.  i6a.    It  is  then  necessary  to  25 
insert  pito  at  the  beginning  of  v.  i6a. 
(J7)  ny^i.    HOUB.,  GEDDES,  GRATX  conj.  ni;  cf.  S. 

A\  and   the  X'ersions  nviK  niJ11    nob   pi,    6   i'va   TI  TtupoiKeT  (a/.  —  el?)   ir\oioi<;; 
BU.  (/?-5)  suggested  vniO  [but  no  longer  thinks  it  necessary;  Cotnm.];  KITTEL 
also  suspects  the  text:  neither  in  the  Southwest  (i,34f.)  nor  in  its  later  seats  at  30 
the  head-waters  of  the  Jordan  was  Dan  a  sea-faring  tribe,  nor  did  its  territory 
even  adjoin  the  Phoenician  seaboard.    But  nV3N  is  supported  by  Gen.  49,13  (of 
Zebulun),  which  plainly  appears  to  be  dependent  on  Jud.  5,17  (BALL  plausibly 
emends  in  Gen.  nns  1i:n  Nini  for  l}\  nnx  ^n1?).     CLERICUS  would  divide  differ 
ently,  joining  pi  to  the  preceding  nj^J,  and  making  the  rest  read:  DVJN  11^  no^  35 
nt2N  cur  Jiabitat  ad  naves  Aser~ 

na1?  is  omitted  in  a  few  codd.  of  <H,  and  not  expressed  in  3M;  GEDDES  cancels  it. 
C1^)  niff  "0110  "?J?.    3  in  regione  Heroine.     Bu.,  Comm.,  thinks  it  necessary  to  read 
mfc,  unless  m»  be  taken  to  mean  mountain,  as  in  Assyr.  (WlNCKLER).    The 
verse  is  transposed  by  MARQ.  to  stand  after  v.  14.  4° 

(20)  Jtt  divides    the   line    wrongly:—   JOD'D  DJJ  lon^i  DnibottO   n"3Di:n   Ittn1?:   D-W   ]», 
which  destroys  the  rhythm  of  both  lines  (CLERICUS,  KOHLER,  HERDER,  BlCKELL, 
GRIMME,  and  many  others).    MARQ.  reads  D»  (direct  object). 

(21)  ill  '|Wp  "?n3  D'ttnp  bnj.    For  D-anp  (3  Cadumim\  (gCsBsVn  Kabn.Lieiv;  COL  ^/.  Kab»v 
uiu;  5H  yj-xso^i,  showing  that  the  translators  found  in  their  text  O'enp,  which  is  45 
also  attestcd'by  A,  KUU<JUUVUJV;  cf.  S  ^M*?,  C5VBmN  Xeiudppou<;  dpxaiujv.    (f>A  «/. 

0,  xabrjaeiu;  I,  UTIUJV  qpdpaYS;  KLOST.  and  MARQ.  read  D'Bhp  (the  heavenly 
powers.  OTTLI  suggests  Dpnp;  nnap  would  lie  as  near  (Bu.,  Comm\  RUBEN 
sees  in  n^np  the  people  of  Kadesh  on  the  Orontes,  and  for  "2"nn  in  the  next 
line  reads  \3Yin  the  men  of  Hadrach  (Zech.  9,1).  WlNCKLER.  sees  in  the  last  50 
letters  of  D'mp  the  word  D'Dl;  this  must  have  been  preceded  by  a  suitable  verb, 
such  as  dyed.  —  The  words  pwp  bm  2°  are  omitted  by  BlCKELL  and  GRIMME 
as  a  dittogram  of  the  end  of  the  preceding  line. 


5,13.14  -*»•<»•*    **9**  <***>*8**>*~  35 

mm  mj?  nip 

(qttj?»)  DJ?  nmi  n-^n 

p*n  nip  pin 

Dj?r3N  p  TOP  nat? 

Here  Deborah  is  not  summoned  to  sing  a  song  —  whether  of  battle  or  of  vie-     5 
tory  —  but  to  arouse  the  myriads  of  her   countrymen,  which  certainly  agrees 
better  with  the  words  addressed  to  Barak.  —  The  second  line  in  M,  mj?  my 
T»  nai,  is  readily  explained  as  a   corruption   of  the   corresponding  line  thus 
restored;  the  opposite  is  not  so  probable.  —  The  imperative  p?n  is  attested  by 
the  double  translation  of  11.  4.5  in  the  Greek  above;  in  1.  5  it  was  read  as  Pi'el   10 
and  the  context  supplied.  —  Finally,  the  symmetry  of  the  quatrain  is  restored, 
and  the  metrical  difficulty  presented  by  the  words  DJtt'OX  p  YO»  natri  pTJ  Dip  in 
Al  removed,  as  well  as  the  singular  expression  VB>  nil.    MARQ.  strikes  out  Dip 
pTi,  because  they  do  not  make  a  complete  stichos. 

Jll  Tpato  nacn,  •OW  collective,  thy  captive  train;  so  (D3(t.    The  word  can  also  be  15 
read  as  a  part,  plur.,  Jj'oto  thy  captors;  so  SA,  LUTHER,  J.  D.  MICH.,  WELLH., 
STADE,  Bu.,  KAUTZSCH,  MARQ.;  cf.  Is.  14,2.    GRIMME  rejects  this  as  unmetrical. 

(13)  D'TiND  bjnw  TV  tx 

ann:a  i1?  TV  nin11  DP 

Two  lines,  perfect  in  form  and  parallelism,  are  thus  conjecturally  restored  ;  cf.  20 
v.  23b.  M  DnuJS  ^  TV  nin"  DJ>  on^N1?  into  TV  tx.  For  TV,  which  is  intended 
as  an  apoc.  impf.  Pi.  from  mi,  the  context  requires  in  both  cases  the  perfect 
tense  (6v^mN5(T);  so  J.  D.  MICH.,  SCHNURRER,  DATHE,  STUDER,  Ew.,  BOTTCHER, 
BERTH.,  and  most  recent  critics.  In  iJt  DJ?  is  wrongly  joined  to  the  first  line; 
(5VKmN  \aoc,  Kupiou  KaTdpri  auTtu  dv  TOI<;  xparaioTi;  connects  it  with  the  following,  25 
as  do  some  Heb.  codd.  (DE  Rossi);  so  W.  GREEN,  J.  D.  MICH.,  SCHNURRER, 
STUDER,  GRATZ,  and  many  others.  The  CIUTUJ  of  ©v  (l^>)  is  also  preferable  to  ^ 
of  M  (K6HLER,  GRATZ).  —  The  second  line  being  thus  restored,  it  is  a  natural 
conjecture  that  the  unintelligible  T"W  in  the  first  line  is  a  corruption  of  ^>NW, 
corresponding  to  nin"1  DJ?  in  the  second.  <BAJJ--i>  at.  5H(6  otrore  (Trore,  Tore)  e|.ie-  30 
YaXuvOr)  (05A  ^ueYoiXuvev)  f|  i0x<J?  auToO,  Kupie,  Taireivuuaov  ,uoi  TOU<;  laxupoxepou^ 
ILIOU,  apparently  reading  naT1  for  TV  i°  and  omitting  T1"!^;  their  second  line  was 
read  (or  interpreted  as  if  reading)  "itt  D^TDJn  "h  (>mi')  IT  ni,T.  --  For  T"l» 
WlNCKLER  conj.  Tito  (=T1D)  Schlachtreihe.  MARQ.  writes  nnyt»^  (as  in  v.  n)  in 
place  of  D^nj*^.  35 

(14)  The  first  two  lines  in  JU  are:  — 

p!?fcjn  DB'I^  D^IBX  "ifi 


in  which  only  the  names  of  the  tribes  can  be  made  out.  For  p^0>'2  0)ACsLJ,pVn 
0C5H(5  have  ^v  Koi\dbi,  /.  e.  p»J?3,  which  is  probably  the  original  reading  (HOUJ;.;  40 
cf.  v.  15);  in  Dent?  we  must  seek  a  verb,  as  the  ancient  translators  felt;  for  "pinx 
the  (5  version  cited  above,  1.  3of.,  has  dbeX.cpoO  aou,  /.  e.  "rriN.  BICKKLL,  WINCK- 
LER,  al.  omit  T-aoya  ra^a  -p-inx  as  a  gloss  from  Hos.  5,8;  but  see  Bu.,  Comm. 
WlNCKLER  writes:—  pOJ?2  HB*  D^IBN  '•Jfi 

HT  T<2»  'JO  45 


thought  by  WlNCKLER  to  be  a  synonym  of  1TV;  cf.  Assyr.  Ti»  [DEL.  HW647b]. 
See  also  on  v.  15.    MARQ.  adopts  this  reconstruction. 

151D  B2BO.    W.  GREEN  (1753)  carried  the  last  word  over  to  the  following  verse, 
and  read  'lil  onto  nSD;  similarly  Bu.  (see  on  v.  15).    On  the  1S1D  YpajuuciTeix;  as  50 
a  military  official  see  now  DEISSMANN,  Bibelstudien,  pp.  106-108;  LOMBROSO, 
Recherches,  231;  FLINDERS  PETRIE,  History  of  Egypt,  2,  pp.  196.197.247;  HOM- 
MEL,  Neue  kirchl.  Zeitschrift^  'go,  p.  69. 


34 


8a 

an"?  bts  8b 
nn  ilnn  8ar.7a8 

'131  nnm  nsv  D«  p».    OjA  «/.  axe-Trr)  veavibuuv  aeipojaaarujv  dvn,q>9n.  (al.  io.v  ocpefj)     5 
KOU  aeipoudarric;  ^v  TeaaepdxovTa  xiXidaiv  (al.,  £Hsul>  ast.,-{-iv  TUJ  lapanX).  This 
rendering  in  some  form  is  found  in  all  recensions  of  <B  except  (fiVBmN^   aiso  in 
£3H  (\  )Kxt*\S:  JLuiooV;  Jikj»  —  )  <£.    It  has  been  recognized  by  several  scholars 
that  axeim.  veavibuuv  is  wrongly  divided  for  0x^irn.v  iav  ibuu;  av  (^dv)  696^  is  a 
doublet  to  edv  ibuu,  representing  a  Heb.  variant  (ntOX  nsiin«y.  nx).    See  Ew.,    10 
GGA  '67,  pp.  635  f.,  WELLH.,   Te.rf  der  Biicher  Saimtelis,  p.  8,  FIELD,  ad  loc., 
LAGARDE,    Septitaginta-Studien,   p.   60.      MARQUAR'J'    and    RUBEN    adopt   the 
reading  n«"i«. 
(9)  ^.    KLOST.  and  MARQ.  conj.  »lh,  and  transpose  9a  and  9b. 

nin11  1313  DJ,'2  D'Timon.    GRIMME  strikes  out  the  line  as  a  mere  repetition  of  v.  2,   15 
and  here  unmetrical.    [So  also  Bu.,   Comm.,  proposing  alt.  mn11  ^"ia  DP3  D"113.] 
MARQ.  strikes  out  only  mrr  1313.    03ABsLLi)Vn3H  oi  buvdarai  TOO  Xaou,  cf.  the 
rendering  of  3/13,  I  S  2,8. 

(10)  ^10  hy  "3B?V  nnhs  nilinx.     The  confusion  of  the  Greek  versions  is  here  very 
great.     ©  seems   originally  not   to   have   translated  nnmt  (CDV  laeanuppiou;,   i.  e.  20 
D'lns);  Kaei]uevoi  ^Tri  \a(airrivujv  is  the  oldest  rendering  of  *pfit  "?V  <13»V  (DODER- 
LEIN,  cf.  FIELD).    Subsequently,  \\hen  pifi  by  was  rendered   <?ui  xpirripiou,  \au- 
TTVIVUUV  was  erroneously  connected  with  the  preceding  uTroEufiujv,  and  then  in 
some  recensions  corrected  to  XauirouaOuv  (cf.  DOORN.). 

WE?.    Proposed  emendations  :  WE>,  intsto,  iyo»,  inatr.    MARQ.  regards  the  word  as  25 
a  corruption  of  itf'JV,  which  he  restores  in  v.  6  (iBrrr  rilD/m  "'S^ini). 

(11)  The  first  line  in  ^1  is  D'3Niya  ]"3  n^SSna  ^p».    Bu.   conj.  D'pnVC  "?lp  //"rtr^/  Ac'a' 
joyful  they  are  !    So  also  MARQ.     ©ACsBsLLpVn^H  (cf,  (f)  ^ojvriv  (/*/.  duo  9U)vf|0 
dvaxpouoiaeviuv  dvd  u^aov  eu^paivouevuuv  gives  a  sense  which  agrees  well  with 
the  following  line,  but  a  satisfactory  restoration  of  the  Heb.  text  which  it  represents  30 
has  not  yet  been  suggested.     DODERLEIN,  ScHLEUSNER,   conj.  D^nD;  GRATZ 
D-HXXrtO,    connecting  it  with  1VP  (conj.  for  irrtP).     JAI©VBmN  seem  to  have  read 
craWD,  or  something  like  it. 

UJT.    To  remove  the  apparent  Aramaism,  KLOST.  and  MARQ.,  with  6  bujaoum, 
point  ur>V    [Cf.  below,  p.  57,  1.  42.]  35 

(5AL  «/.  dviaxiwav;  ®VN  auEnoov;  Z,  dreixiOTOi. 

.     GRATZ   conj.  Darns'?   or  D'^aN^,   perhaps   dittogram   from  v.  13.     Bu. 
suspects  that  v.  nb  is  a  misplaced  repetition  of  v.  13. 

(12)  The   position    of  this   invocation   has   been    found   difficult.     E\v.   made   it   the 
beginning  of  a  distinct  poem;  CARL  NlEBUHR,  in  his  Reconstellation,  transposes,  40 
putting  v.  12  in  the  place  of  v.  2. 

The  remarkable  variations  of  C5  in  this  verse  have  not  received  the  attention 
which  they  deserve.  In  C&ALLpSHg  we  find  the  following  text:  --  'EEefeipou, 
<?£e-feipou,  Aeppiiipa,  feE^-fe»pov  (<5A  <?SeYeipou)  |uupioiba<;  uerd  XaoO  (6LP  +  aou)' 

,  <^e-fdpou,  \d\ei  (A  (5L,  var.  Xa\r|Gov)   uex'  ibbn?-   tviaxuajv   (ffiLptf   <!v  45 
^taviarrxao,  BapaK,   K«i  dviaxuaov  (&•  xatiaxuaov),  Aeppibpa,   TOV  Bapax, 
aixi^aXiijTeuaov  (ffiL  aixiaaXiuriZie)  aixuaXuuaiav  aou,  uio?  Apweeu.  —  In  3H  (with 
the   self-evident  corrections   of  the   critical   signs  by   RORDAM   and   LAG.):  - 


50 

Eliminating  the  doublets  corresponding  to  4tt,  we 
may  restore  the  Heb.  text  represented  by  the  oldest  Greek  version  as 
follows:  — 


5,7.8  -of?3«©-g$-  %utyte  $§-©»e?*>-  33 


companies   of  travelers,    so   BOTTCHER  (1849);   ill   and   Versions 
ways,  roads;   the   same  correction   is  required  in  Job  6,  18.19.     ©ACsBsLLp  #/. 
£3H<§  ^XITTOV  (JaaiXetq  (so  also  <BN  doublet);  GRABE  conj.  pdaei<;;  others  (3aai- 
Xixcit;  (sc.  6bou^,  Num.  20,  17);  see  SCHLEUSNER.     DOORN.  suggests  that  'aba  may 
have  been  corrupt  doublet  to  r^n.   RUBEN  emends:  D^a  =  Aram,  crabna  leaders     5 
of  caravans  (ms^n,  Job  6,19);  <r/!  I  K  10,28. 

ni^pbpy  ;  ill  ;md  Versions  praem.  nllTiN,  repeated,  either  by  accident  or  for  greater 
explicitness,  from  the  preceding  line  (BRIGGS,  LEY,  GRIMME).  For  a  more 
radical  reconstruction  see  MARQUART. 

(7)  pnB.    A  few  codd.  of  ill  have  nine,  which  is  adopted  by  HOUB.  and  STU.,  and  10 
is  not  improbably  the  true  reading.    [If  J1PB  be  right,  we  should  probably  read 
bin  (sing.)  for  I'nn   i°,    Bu.,   Coming    (DVnC  oi  KorroiKouvTec;,  ffil-P  Theodoret  oi 

(5AL  qppa£wv;  cf.  5H  vjuot 


ibin  2°.      A  subject,   synonymous   with   ]inB,    seems  to   have   fallen  out,  either  15 
before  or  after  ibirt,  leaving  this  verb  as  the  only  remnant  of  a  line.   [Bu.  suspects 
traces  of  this  subject  in  the  following  line,  1J?  —  •<l*nj?,  mm  —  ipa.]    GRIMME  carries 
the  verb  over  to  the  next  stichos;   BICKELL  omits  it.     RUBEN  rejects  v.  7a  as 
containing  only  fragments  of  vv.  6.  11,  and  transposes  v.  7b  after  v.  8. 
ifl  mm  'n»pt?  iy;    ©£<£.$«    eu><;   ou    dveoxri   (a/.    eSaveaxt-i)   Aeppdjpa;   3   donee  20 
surgeret  Debbora;  so  also  in  the  next  line,    ^tt  Tifip  is  now  generally  explained  as 
2  sing,  fern.,   with   the   old   ending   i  (R6DIGER,    BOTTCHER,    GRATZ,   WELLH., 
A.  MULLER).    This  explanation  is  satisfactory,  so  far  as  ill  is  concerned;  but  it 
does  not  account  for  the  3  sing,  in  (03;  if  these  translators  had  read  TiOp,  they 
would  certainly  have  rendered  in  theyfr^/  person.    As  Deborah  is  elsewhere  in  25 
the  poem  spoken  of  only  in  the  third  person,  it  is  more  probable  that  the  original 
reading   was  nttj?  (a  3d  sing.  fern,  roj?  —  HOUB.,    who    emends  thus,    WELLH. 
formerly,  BlCKELL  —  is  also  conceivable,  but  not  probable),  which  was  altered 
to  Ti»p  (first  pers.},  on  the  supposition  that  Deborah  was  the  author  and  singer 
(cf.  v.  i).    Bu.  regards  v.  7b  as  a  gloss  (in  \\hich  the  Ist  person  is  natural);  so  30 
also  MARQUART.     BICKELL  omits  \nDpt?  2°  for  metrical  reasons. 
(8)  The  first  two  lines  are  corrupt. 

ill  D-npBf  Dn^i  IS  n"Bnn  DM^«  im-1  (in  many  codd.  nnb).  For  the  first  line,  (5  i]pe- 
Tiaav  ((fiVBmN  ^teX^avro)  Oeouq  xaivouq  (many  codd.  KEVOUC;,  so  also  ,SH(E);  3  nova 
bclla  elegit  Dominus;  5  ll^  'e»^-  J^-ss^  God  chose  a  new  thing,  —  all  supporting  35 
ill.  It  is  possible  that  a  scribe  may  have  tried  to  restore  the  partly  illegible 
words  of  the  MS  before  him  by  the  help  of  Deut.  32,  17  (COOKE).  The  second 
line  is  rendered  by  (DVBmN  Tore  £Tro\eur|aav  Tt6\et<;  dpxovraiv  (?  nny,  D'Htf  corrupt 

doublets,  DOORNINCK,  cf.  GRATZ);    cf.   V.  II.      (IjACsBsLLpVngsHg^    ^  apTOV  Kpt- 

Oivov,  /'.  e.  n^V'B'  Dflb  (7,13);  cf.  Theodoret,   Ephrem,  Augustine.    Bu.  reads  ac-  40 
cordingly,  and  surmises  that  D\~6«  ina^  is  a  corruption  of  [l^>in]  D^n^N  TDt  (or 
H31);  D^tynn  are  new-moons.     The  two  lines  described  in  some   way  the  rarity 
of  sacrifices    (and    thus    of   flesh    to    eat),   and   the  rough   fare   to  which   the 
Israelites  were  reduced.    KAUTZSCH  conjectures  that  the  original  text  may  have 
been  D^lto  Dr6  DTI^N  im11  IN  then  God  chose  for  them  chiefs;  to  which  it  may  be  45 
objected  that  nirr,  not  D"iT7N,  is  used  throughout  the  poem.    The  same  objection 
holds   against  KLOSTERMANN'S    conj.   n^n    for    D'Bnn.      RUBEN   conj.   ETBhrt. 
MAYER  LAMBERT  (REJ  30,115),   dividing  the  words  differently,   reads  tf»r6  rs 
and  thus  obtains  the  lines:  — 

^an^  t«  50 

noni 

By    bold    transpositions    and     conjectures     MARQUART     reconstructs    vv.    7.8 
thus:  — 

juci.  5 


32  -~H3«s-§<«-  ^fu&cjes  »>i-©»ej*~-  4,20—5,6 


inD3ni.    DOORN.  strikes  out  the  word. 

(20)  ney.    The  fern,  is  required  (OLSH.);  £t  "I&y,  but  the  masc.  imperative  addressed 
to  a  woman  is  anomalous. 

(21)  »^2,  as  elsewhere;  ill  08^3. 

noM  *)Jn  nV]3  Kim.    For  op3  there  is  excellent  Masoretic  authority  (see  NORZI     5 
ad  loc.};  the  current  edd.  have  D"l"i3.    This  difference  is  connected  with  a  differ 
ence  of  accentuation  in  A\,  DOM  f|»»l  D;P3  Kinl  (,?.  £-.  BAR),  or  no'l  *)?M  D;P3  Kim 
(WlCKES,  Prose  Accents,  p.  140).    Neither  of  these  is  satisfactory,  as  the  various 
interpretations  of  the  words  prove.    The  simplest  remedy  seems  to  be  to  pro 
nounce  r\y]}  (adj.),  regarding  the  whole  as  a  parenthetic  circumstantial  clause:   10 
—  he  being  sound  asleep  and  exhausted  —  ;  (5ALLP  al.  £<E  Kai  <xuT6<;  direOKdpiaev 
(cf.  £aKip-rri<J€  5,27,  (gLp)  dvd  u^aov  (al.  £v  u^aw)  TUJV  irobwv  (6A  YOvaToiv)  au- 
Tf)<;  Kai  d&vpui-ev  Kai  du^Gavev;  SH  translates  this  text  (tv  u^oxu  —  auTfji;  sub 
obel.  —  the  words  come  from  5,27);    (OCsBs  #/.  Kai  auTO<;  dueaKapurev  Kai  &.- 
^vyuSev.  (6VN  Kai  OUTOI;  ^eaTubq  eaKOTiLGri  Kai  drr^Gavev.  I,  KeKapuuudvou  auToCr  15 
6  b£  ^\enro6u,uriaev.    diroGavovTOi;  b^  aOroO  (^dvrj  BapaK). 

(23)  nvn^K  J?33'11;  ©VBmN   5   ee6?,  (OVn  Kupto?,  (5ALLp3H  Kupio?  6  Geo?;  £/!  on  6,20. 
GEDDES  emends:  nin\ 


(1)  JH(J5ABsLLpNVn,3H<g  i^ni,  Kai  f](Jev;  so  also  S3";  ©V0,  Kai  rjaav,  3  cednerunt.  20 

(2)  nijnB  J?"iS3.    See  Comm.  ad  loc.  ;   MAYER  LAMBERT,  REJ  24,140  (synonym  of 
Tiinn);  and  on  the  fern.  nijnB,  GRUNWALD,  Eigennamen,  p.  5,  n. 

DJ?  manna.  GRIMME  conj.  DJ>3  (cf.  v.  9),  on  metrical  grounds  (3  lost  by  haplography). 
[MARQUART  rejects  v.  2  as  a  marginal  gloss  to  v.  9  intruded  into  the  text 
in  a  wrong  place.    Bu.  (Comm?)  notes  that  the  diction  of  vv.  2.3  is  late  through-  25 
out;  the  poem  begins  with  v.  4.] 
(V)  S23«  2°      (SACsBsLLp  af    5H  sub  asf.    <?$-[&>  irfw  mn^  ittts  is  struck  out  by  MAR- 

\_>/  A 

QUART  for  metrical  reasons. 

(4)  131133  D'0»,  (fiCsBsLNVng  ^TapoixOn  (6A  ^eaTaGr],  ©Lp  ^Hdarn),  €  turbatutn  est,  S" 
ou\.Ul;  Bu.  (R-S)  accordingly  conj.  ltil»3  or  13103.    [Bu.,  Comm.,  returns  to  Jil.]  30 
M  12123,  (5Bm  £crraHev,  ©V0  ^aTaHev  bpoaouq;  accidental  repetition  of  the  verb  in 
the  next  clause.' 

(5)  Jtt  ^n  n-nn,  3  montes  fluxerunt;  6  daaXeuenaav,  (T  lj>t,  S  «^l,  reading  1^3,  as  A\ 
in  Is.  "63,  19  (from  W»);  (/.  Q^S  ^  ^-;  so  DOORN.  would  emend  here. 

fll.T  ''SSD  2°.  JH©ALSf3  (et  Sinai}  €  praem.  S3'D  nt;  (gVBm  aiT6  upoaiUTTOU  35 
Kupiou  EXuuei,  TOUTO  Ziva  d-rro  upoaujirou  Kupiou  Geou  lapan\,  ©N  Kupiou  GeoO 
E\uuei  TOU  Ziva  (contamination  from  \\>  68,9,  SCHARFKNBERG),  ®LP  Kupiou  TOU 
Geou  Iiva;  ©CsBsVn  ai  Kupiou  EXuuei  sine  addit.;  <SH  V.l^j^.N  /«n^,  transcribed 
by  mistake  from  the  next  line  and  canceled  by  the  scribe  himself.  (According 
to  FIELD  wixroi  Jjo»  is  written  in  very  pale  ink  in  the  lower  margin;  neither  40 
RORDAM  nor  LAG.  mentions  this  correction.)  €  Montes  commoti  sunt  a  facie  do- 
mini  Dei  Israel  ex  Sina  (the  abridgement  may  be  accidental  —  homceoteleuton 
-  as  in  (544-54).  The  words  "3-D  nt  are  a  gloss  (I  correctly,  TOUT&JTI  TO  Itva), 
as  the  form  of  expression  shows  [so  now  Bu.,  RUBEN];  cf.  similar  glosses  in 
Ex.  32,  i  ;  i  K  14,  14;  Is.  23,  13;  it  may  be  older  than  \\>  68,9.  The  rhythm  of  the  45 
verse  also  requires  the  omission  of  the  words.  GRIMME,  who  also  finds  the  line 
too  long,  emends:  "3'D  nt  '3BB  lbt3  Dnn  (nt=y  ;  Sinai's  Herr)\  following  in  this 
interpretation  of  nt  PAREAU,  KEMINK,  DOORN.  GEDDES  restored  the  balance 
of  the  lines  by  omitting  niPP  2°.  WlNCKLER  sees  in  nt  the  remains  of  13"]  ; 
MARQUART  reads  V3BS  TD  t31,  omitting  the  words  btW  ^n^K  nW  as  in  v.  3. 

(6)  bjT  "0'3.     GEDDES  regards  the  words  as  a  gloss;   so  BlCKELL,  COOKE,   MAR- 
QUART,  Bu.,  al.    For  hy  EWALD  thinks  that  VST  (10,3)  is  meant;  KROCHMAL 
and  GRATZ  conj. 


4,4—19  -ofis*®-^  $ut>%ee  *>g-s>st*~-  31 


Sisera  also  (unlike  Jabin)  seems  to  be  non-Semitic;  cf.,  however,  *?«1DD  on  an 
Aramaic  seal  (LEVY,  Taf.  1,3,  in  DRIVER'S  Samuel,  p.  xii),  and  Sassariel  = 
Sarsaritt  on  an  Assyrian-  Aramaic  bilingual  (F.  JEREMIAS,  in  SAUSSAYE's  Religions- 
geschichte*  1,225).  NlEBUHR's  hypothesis,  that  Sisera  is  an  Egyptian  name,  is 
more  ingenious  than  plausible.  5 

(4)  riBBtf  NTi.    Many  codd.  and  old  edd.  of  M  read  XTO,  construing  v.  4a  as  a  com 
plete  sentence.    Jtt  ntsfib>,  participle,  interpreting  in  the  sense  of  v.  5  ;  so  also  the 
Versions,  as  far  as  can  be  judged  from  their  renderings.   But  v.  5  is  by  a  different 
hand;  and  the  author  of  v.  4  probably  intended  the  preterit,  HBS^;  see  Trans 
lation.  10 

(5)  (t  has  a  long  account  of  Deborah's  residence  and  possessions:  Nmp3  N3JV  NTtl 
xnyp33  ntra  p3j?  jvn  Kntra  p-ns  irvvs  pp-n  nbi  ,-6n  p  NDiisnn  mm  nnejn 
wi^  hvnw  '33,  nro^  vpboi  N2^»  11133  nvn  isj>  ^Kn-as  «"p»  jvn  5/^  rfrc/*?//  z'«  //^ 

city  Ataroth-Deborah,  being  supported  by  her  possessions;  for  she  had  palm-trees 
at  Jericho,  orchards  at  Ramah,  oil-bearing  olives  in  the  Valley,  irrigated  fields   \  5 
at  Beth-el,  white  earth  on  the  King  s  Mount;  and  the  Israelites  went  up  to  her 
to  judgment;  cf.  Megilld  I4a.    Such  additions  are  infrequent  in  Jud.  (except  in  c.  5). 

(6)  jtt  mwm  •$;  6  aoi  (rjV). 

(7)  Jtt  NtD'D  nx  JlBrp  ^m  ^>X  "p^N  'natyoi;  ©  xai  dnrdHiu  (a/.  ^TrdHuj)  Trpo<;   ae  e!<;  TOV 
xeiudppouv  Kiauuv  ^TTI  TOV  Ziaapa.     5  Ifcsu^eo  \±.  vacaxjBj  JLuu^.  yia^  ^oliio.  We  20 
discover  here  traces   of  a  Heb.  variant,    NID'D   by  pt^p   bm   ^?N  "jn«  •'n^C'fil    / 
(JHVH)  7<y///  march  with   thee  .  .  .  against  Sisera,  &c.    ("[D»  intrans.,  as  in  v.  6). 
This  is  supported  also  by  the  reading  KCU  d-rrdHuu  (dirdSuu)  ae  in  (DAN,  and  (as  a 
doublet)  ffiBsLp  ("jnh);  irpoq  oi  is  perhaps  Hexaplar  correction. 

U31  nsi.    Many  codd.  and  old  edd.  of  A\,  1231  n«;  ©LP5  Kai  dui  ("?J?l);  see  pre-  25 
ceding  note. 

(8)  At  the  end  of  the  verse  (5  (<SH  jw^  obel?)  +  on  OUK  olba  Trjv  f),udpav  ev  fj  euoboi 
TOV  6rfYe^°v  Kupio?  («/.  Kupioq  TOV  ayYe^ov)  ueT5  ^uou.     The  words  are  meant 
to  exclude  an  unfavorable  interpretation  of  Barak's  refusal  to  go  without  De 
borah,  and  were  naturally  suggested  by  v.  I4a.  They  are  not  part  of  the  original  30 
text  (HOUB.,  GRATZ;  more  cautiously,  STUDER).    On  the  other  hand,  the  words 
are  clearly  a  translation  ;  comparing  £  in  v.  14,  "|inp  NnVsx1?  pS3  mm  «3K"?D  «"?n, 
we  may  infer  that  ©  here  represents  an  old  Heb.  gloss. 

(9)  Jil  lesni;  (SABsLLpNVng-i-TTpi^  auTov  Aep^aipa;  SH  sub  ast. 

Jtt  S3  DSX;  C5  TrA.f|v  yivioaKe  OTI.  35 

ni^lp;  (OLp  +  Tfji;  Ne^GaXi;  5H  sub  ast.  (should  perhaps  be  a  lemniscus]. 
(9.10)  ncnp_.    Some  codd.  and  edd.  less  correctly  in  v.  10,  nanp. 

(10)  Vyi.    If  tf'K  D^sbs  nwy  is  subject  —  the  most  natural  construction  —  we  should 
emend:  ibyi. 

n^N,  as  in  v.  6,  and  according  to  rule;  ill  *Ebx.  40 

(u)  GEDDES  transposes  v.  n,  putting  it  after  v.  17. 

p«,  so  JACOB  KHAYYIM  and  most  edd.;  BAR  \b»,  al.  p\S;  cf.  12,11.12. 

Kethib,   rightly   defended   by   CAPPEL;    Qere,    conforming  to  Jos.  19,33, 


(15)  ninnn  ^3  ;  Al  and  all  Versions  +  inn  *&b,  introduced  by  a  scribe's  error  from  v.  16.     45 

(16)  nwin  nj>;  (5ALLpVn  ai  ^Hg  ^'uji;  bpuuou  (bpuuujv)  ;  cf.  on  1,35;  8,13. 

(17)  On  the  proposal  of  W.  MAX  MULLER,  approved  by  JENSEN,  to  read  'i'jsn,  and 
connect  the  word  with  the  name  of  a  place  Oi-na  mentioned  in  Egyptian  texts 
in  the  neighborhood  of  Megiddo,  see  Bu.,  Conun.,  p.  37. 

(18)  nsvsteo.    (iRATZ  conj.  nD303;  cf.  <BV  ^v  e'mpoXcuuj,  ©N  (some  codd.)  uepipoXaiuj.  50 
CLERICUS  suggested  n^nt^n. 

(19)  VlN»2;  A\  'riDS.  —  ns':;  ill  nito,  which  perhaps  originated  with  a  scribe  who  had 
in  mind  the  later  orthography  113. 


3°  —*««©•§<»  jifubg«er  *>s-3>sj*>-  3,22  —  4,2 


3  (22.23)  &  n3mDOn  Tin«  NS'1  snmjnBn  N^l.  Both  nouns  are  unknown;  for  the  former  (5 
(apparently  rendering  in  the  dark  by  a  Greek  word  of  somewhat  similar  sound) 
has  rfiv  upocTTcfta  (A,  irapaaroiba  ;  I,  ret  -rrpoGupa);  for  the  latter,  TOU<;  biareTa-f- 
uevouc;.  The  Palestinian  exegetical  tradition  connects  roiBnB  with  BhB  contents 
of  the  bowels  (Ex.  29,  14  &c.);  so  3T,  3  statim  per  secreta  naturae  aim  stercora  $ 
proruperunt.  N6LDEKE  accordingly  emends:  cnsn  NX'1.  The  alternative,  strongly 
suggested  by  the  parallel  construction  of  the  clauses,  and  similar  unusual  form 
of  the  nouns,  is  that  the  two  clauses  are  doublets  (from  different  sources, 
WINCKLER),  one  (or  both)  of  which  is  corrupt  (GRATz);  or  that  one  of  them  is 
a  gloss  to  the  other  (Ew.,  Sxu.,  BOTTCHER,  BERTH.,  <7/.).  [Bhs  does  not  mean  10 
dung  or  e.vcrcinent,  but  fecal  /natter  inside  the  body,  the  contents  of  the  intestines 
(so,  correctly,  SIEGFRIED-STADE  s.  v.\  see  note  in  the  English  translation  of 
Leviticus,  p.  66,  1.  34,  and  cf.  Arab.  i^ijrS  and  Assyr.  pirsu,  which  have  the  same 
meaning.  The  water  in  the  stomach  of  a  camel  is  called,  in  the  cuneiform  ac 
count  of  Assurbanipal's  Arabian  campaign,  me  pirsi;  see  my  note  in  Hebraica  15 
3,  1  10,  n.  7.  The  original  meaning  of  KnB  is  not  separation,  secretion,  but  rupture, 
that  is,  what  comes  out  when  an  intestine  is  cut  or  perforated  (cf.  Syr.  l^s). 
nyicnsn  seems  to  be  not  accidental  conformation  (MOORE,  Comni.,  p.  98,  below) 
but  intentional,  artificial  assimilation  to  the  following  word  nivnoan,  for  the  pur 
pose  of  disguising  the  objectionable  word  Bnan  as  much  as  possible.  —  1*.  11.]  20 

(23)  At  the  end  of  the  verse  jil  adds  hyi\  a  gloss  —  as  the  false  tense  shows  - 
suggested  by  nibljtt,  v.  24. 

(24)  -IJDG,  from  "pD;   <tt  ^ppo.     The  form  is  explained  by  1"J?  analogy  (KoNlG);  but  it 
is  more  probable  that  the  scribe  who  wrote  "pDtt  derived  the  participle  from 
-|D3  OpDO);   see  Qamhi  on    i  824,4,  Menahem  b.  Sariiq  s.  v.  "JD3(  Aruch,  s.  v.  25 
"D2;  cf.  also  <5V  ^AQ),  and  Hexapla  on  i  S  24,4.    GRATZ  conjectures  in  a  similar 
sense,  vbil  VTtt  pno. 

(25)  ibTTI.    Cf.  Gen.  8,10;  perhaps  we  should  rather  read  I^IVM;  Bu.,  Comni. 

(26)  onannnn  nj?  B^ai  ninwi;  ©  +  KOI  oOx  r\v  6  -n-poavouuv  aurCu;  <SH  sub  obel. 

D-'b'DSn  n«  inj?  Xim.    WINCKLER  conj.  nnj?  he  made  an  offering  (!).  30 

(27)  M  1X122  '.T1  (soil  to  Seirah);  C5VNCsVn  al.  €  +  ei<;  Ynv  IcJparjX,  a  natural  addition 
on  the  supposition  that  Eglon's  residence  was  in  Moab.    It  is  possible,  on  the 
other  hand,  that  the  words  arc  genuine,  and  were  omitted  in  &  in  consequence 
of  the  erroneous  assumption  that  the  scene  of  Ehud's  deed  was  Jericho. 

[For  a  conjecture  about  the  original  order  of  vv.  26-28  see  Bu.,  Comin.}  35 

(28)  nn«  m,  with  6  (GRATZ,  KAUTZSCH);  cf.  nrw  nvi  in  the  next  half-verse;  M  ism. 

(29)  M  pt?  b?;  (5  iravTciq  TOU<;  ,uaxnfd<;  (codd.  mu.  +  TOU<;  dv  auroTi;;  (5V  TTOIV  Xiira- 
pov  =  iH).    The  rendering  suggests  that  the  strange  expression  in  •#!,  for  which 
we  should  expect  at  least  pt?  B"N  ^3,  is  a  mutilation  of  non^li  »\X  !?3. 

(30)  At  the  end  (5-t-Kcd  Ixpivev  OUTOIX;  Aaib  euji;  ou  dnr^Oavev;  adopted  by  KAUTZSCH,  40 
on  account  of  v.  31,  VV1N1;  but  sec  below,  1.  44. 

(31)  iota    Beside  various  renderings  in  (5,  we  find  the  variant  reading  £KTO<; 


On  Shamgar  see  note  on  16,31. 

45 

(1)  Jfl3M  nn  im«1;  A  <5CsBsI-P  al.,  sub  ast.  $&  (in  the  cod.  the  sign  is  misplaced). 

(2)  D-'Un  nBhri;  ffi  ApiauuG.    D'lJ  (Versions,  gentiunt)  would  seem  to  be,  as  in  Gen.  14, 
the  name  of  a  particular  people  or  tribe  (probably  a  foreign  name  distorted  by 
popular  etymology),  preserving  the  memory  of  an  older  invasion  or  conquest; 

cf.  iKuOoTToXiq,   iKuGuuv  TTO\I<;  (Beth-shean;  cf.  English  Translation   of  Joshua,  50 
p.  84,  1.24).    [MARQUART,  Fundamente  israelitischer  und  jiidischer  Geschichte, 
p.  3,   surmises  that  the  city  of  Siscra  was  the  Hittite  Kadesh   (DTinn  CHp),   cf. 
2  S  24,6  (5;  this  conjecture  is  adopted  with  confidence  by  RUBEN,  JQR  10,554.] 


2,23—3,22  -wss*®-^  jfubgee  *>§-€>5J*>~  29 


2  (23)  HT1.    @v  Kai  dqprjaei,  (5  rel. 

Jit  J?t2in'  T3.    It  is  possible  that  JH9W  has  been  substituted  for  an  original 
(DOORN.);  the  alternative  is  to  regard  the  whole  clause  as  a  gloss. 

3  (i)  Jll  mrP  mn  ItrS;  ©ALLP  al.  5H  'IncroOt;,  conformation  to  v.  21.  $ 

nittnbo  "73;  05AV3  A  ^3;  Jll  is  supported  by  (5BsLLPNVn£5H£,  as  well  as  by  M. 

(2)  'in  nm  ]yK>b,  with  C5 ;  Jtt  ntsnbD  nnebb  bjntr  ^33,  nm  njn  \yK>b.   A  bolder  emen 
dation  would  be  nonbo  bsity  •'IS  njn  1J?»b,  regarding  nm  as  corrupt  doublet  to  njn 
(so  GRATZ),  and  mnbb  as  a  gloss;  for  the  construction  cf.  Jos.  4,24;  so  MOORE, 
Comm.,  Bu.,  Comm.      EWALD  thinks  it  possible  to  retain  Jit  by  merely  reading  10 
nnobb  (Qal);  so  5. 

DI^T  »b  D^lB1?  "IB>N  pi.    The  suffix  is  in  the  wrong  number  as  well  as  in  the  wrong 
gender;  but  it  is  attested  by  (5,  and  in  this  gloss  may  be  original,  the  author 
having  in  mind   the   ]J?33   nionbfc,   v.  i ;   35   and   even   €"  evade   the   difficulty. 
CLERICUS,  HOUB.,  al.  emend  nijn\    STU.  suspects  that  the  whole  clause  was  15 
originally  a  marginal  note.    [See  also  Bu.,  Comm] 

(3)  [''Ijnsn  ^31,  perhaps  a  gloss;  Bu.,  Comm] 

Tinrtl,  so  E.  MEY.,  Bu.,  al.  \  Jit  and  Versions  Mnni;  the  same  error  occurs  in  Jit 
and  most  of  the  Versions  in  Jos.  11,3,  where  the  correct  reading  is  preserved  in 
(gVLp  ,?/.  (C  (WELLH.).    The  Hivvites  were  a  petty  people  in  Central  Palestine  20 
(Gen.  34,2,  cf.  30;  36,2;  Jos.  9,7,  &c.),  while  Ccele-Syria  and  the  Lebanon  was 
the  country  of  the  Hittites  (i  K  10,29;  2X7,6  &c). 

(7)  nntPNn  nNI.  This  form  of  the  plur.  is  late  (2  Chron.  19,3;  33,3  7),  and  probably  a 
consequence  of  the  identification  of  mtPNn  with  rnntpy.     3  here  Astaroth,  which 
BUKENTOP   defends,   and  HOUB.,   DATHE,  and  others  regard   as  the  original  25 
reading  here;  nnnt?J?  is  found  in  one  or  two  codd.  of  Jll;  5,  which  is  also  alleged, 
proves  nothing. 

(8)  nviytsn  ^13.    (<3  XouacxpaaGouu  (-6e|u);  Josephus  XouadpaaGoc. 

crini  mx  "jbo.    V.  10  D"is  "|Vo  (conformed  to  v.  8  in  some  of  the  Versions).    GRATZ 
suspects  that  the  author  wrote  D11X.     Cushan  is  elsewhere  the  name  of  a  tribe  30 
connected  with  Midian;  Num.  12,  i,  cf.  Ex.  2,i6ff.;  Hab.  3,7. 

(13)  im,  sing.,  with  63,  KAU.,  Bu.  (Comm.};  Jit  larvi,  which  might  be  referred  to 
the  allies ;  but  the  change  of  number  after  "pi  is  harsh.  5  makes  the  preceding 
verbs  also  plur. 

(16)  nVB  "3ty.    Many  codd.  have  Vit9;  false  correction.  35 

(17)  At  the  end  of  this  verse  Jit  and  all  the  Versions  have:  "iNtt  NV13  P'S  \bty\  which 
may  be  regarded  as  an  anticipation.    Dr.  FuRNESS  makes  the  very  probable 
suggestion  that  it  is  a  misplaced  gloss,  originally  meant  to  explain  the  words 
3nbn  Yp3  nbnn  nio-'i  in  v.  22. 

(18)  JH   nnittn   "Wtl   nj?n;    (<i   TOU?   cpepovra<;   (-rrpoaqp^povTa?,    aipovra?)    rd   buupa.  40 
DOORN.  suspects  that  nnilin  \SB?ll  is  a  gloss. 

(19)  D^DDn.    According  to  HlTZ.,   a  false  gloss  which   has    displaced  the   original 
D^Xi ;  so  also  in  v.  26. 

vtyfc  W1,  so  JH(!)ALLp  (in  doublet)  (ESH,  cf.  5;  (GVN  al.  I,  who  take  the  preceding- 
command   as  addressed  to  Eglon,  render  causatively;    DOORN.,    Bu.  [but  see  45 
Comm],  and  WINCKLER  would  accordingly  emend  KS"1'1.- 

(20)  After  •pbN  C5  adds  pacnXeO  =  "[ban,  which  may  have  been  accidentally  omitted; 
cf.  v.  19  [BU.,  Comm]. 

At  the  end  of  this  verse,  05  +  EY^UJU  ^YYu?  ctuxoO,  gloss. 

(21)  '111  Tins  n^BH.    (6  praem.  KCU  ^Y^vefo  aua  TUJ  dvaarfivai  (aurov),  following  which  50 
DOORN.  and  Bu.  emend  imps  <ini"i. 

(22)  JH  asm  Dl  ^S"1!;  6  direi0r|veYKev,  i.  e.  K3S1,  adopted  by  Bu. 
For  a  gloss  to  v.  22a  see  note  on  v.  17. 


28  -«fi3«@-s<»  3f**&3**  *>§^Sf»s**~-  2,5—22 


sense,  oO  irpoo~0r|(TUJ  TOO  ineroiKfiaai  TOV  Xaov  8v  eTira  TOU  e'Huuaai  (e'HoXoGpeOoai) 
ai)TOU<;.    This  is  apparently  the  translation  of  an  interpolation  in  the  Heb.  text 
used  by  (5,  meant  to  bring  out  more  clearly  the  fact  that  not  all  the  peoples 
were  left;  DooRN.,  n«smr6  VHDK  IPX  nj?n  wb  rpix  xb;  ^  v.  21. 
nns^,  so  DRUSIUS,  STUDER,  BERTH.,  S.  DAVIDSON,  DOORN.   M  wwb,  which  -5 
may  be  mutilation  of  an  original  DriX3  GWSb  (Num.  33,55)  or  D3'*lX3  BBWb  (Jos. 
23,13);  but  it  would  be  hazardous  to  emend  the  text  after  these  passages.    (5 
eic,  auvoxac;,  £  in  angustias,  in  pressura,  3  hostes,  Ct  ^p^ob,  read  (or  conjectured) 
n^sl?  or  D'lIX1?,  £/:  D2DX  niSl  Num.  33,55b.    Abulwalid,  connecting  O'lS  with  11X, 
interpreted  /r<s^.y,  snares;  so  FRIEDRICH  DELITZSCH,  comparing  Assyr.   qaddu  10 
[initial  S  not  certain;  might  be  t].    HOUB.  renders  venatores,  tacitly  reading  Ds"i^ 
(cf.  rrre  Ex.  21,  13;  i  Sam.  24,  12).    GRATZ  conj.  DTSS1?. 

(5)  Jtt  DS33.    The  true  name  of  this  place  was  probably  D'X33n;  cf.  2  Sam.  5,23f.  ; 
ip  84,7,  where  (5  renders  as  here,  KXauOuiuv.  The  place  cannot,  however,  be  the 
same  which  is  meant  in  Sam.    STU.  thinks  that  D'33  is  perhaps  the  same  as  \\h»  15 
ni33  Gen.  35,8;  HlTZ.  connects  it  with  the  X33n  ptty  ^  84,7,  which  he  locates 
near  Beth-el. 

(6)  M  inbniV  B^X;  (OCsBsN  aL  £  e'KaaTO<;  eic;  TOV  olxov  aurou  Kai  e'xaaToc  ei?  Trjv 
K\ripovo|niav  aurou;  so,  omitting  exaaro?  2°,   C5ALI'P<E  and  (with  etc;  TOV   CMKOV 
auToO  sub  obel.^  5H.  2O 

(9)  JllffiAZO  Din  nion.  In  Jos.  19,50;  24,30  mo  'n,  and  so  some  codd.  of  itt,  3S, 
and  a  few  codd.  of  6  here.  GEDDES,  STU.,  Ew.,  BERTH.,  al.  regard  Din  as  a 
transcriptional  error;  on  the  contrary,  it  is  the  true  name,  and  DID  either  an 
accidental  corruption,  or  more  probably  an  intentional  transposition  to  remove 
a  word  which  might  suggest  sun-worship  (JUYNBOLL;  so  also  Bu.,  Coming;  cf.  25 
the  variants  in  Is.  19,  1  8  Din,  Din  and  Din  [see  Crit.  Notes  on  Isaiah,  p.  153,  1.  36]; 
a  few  codd.  and  the  Soncino  Bible  of  1488  have  Din  in  our  verse,  as  in  1,35  above. 

(13)  by^b  MBp'11;  £1  and  Versions,  I'DST'i,  but  13J?  in  this  sense  is  not  construed  with  b. 
This  emendation  is  suggested  by  Jer.  44,3;  cf.  Jer.  7,9;  11,13.17;  Hos.  ii,2,&c.; 
Yiajn  is  the  result  of  unintentional  conformation  to  v.  11.  30 
byib.    ©ABsLLPNVn  Tfj  BaaX,  as  often,  e.  g.  3,7  (COCsBs  #/.);  a  kind  of  Greek  Qere, 
the  reader  substituting  ou0xuvr|,  as  in  the  Heb.  text  HBb  sometimes  takes  the 
place  of  byi,  c.  g.  Hos.  9,10.     ffiV0    TUJ  BaaX.     Cf.  DlLLMANN's    paper,    Ubcr 
Baal  mit  dem  weiblichen  Artikel,  in  the  Proceedings  of  the  Berlin  Academy, 
1881,  pp.  601  ff. 

nintPJ^  sing.;  M  and  Versions,  niintfj?1?  plur. 

(14)  &  ni_30^,  sc.  JHVH;  ©ACs  xai  drr^bovTO,  3  vendiderunt;  see  on  v.  16. 

(15)  Jtt  on1?  isv.    <5  xai  dE^eXiipev  OUTOU?;  KAUTZSCH,  BUDDE,  al.  conj.  IS)!. 

[After  1X0  an1?  15T1  Bu.  (Comm^  conjectures  that  the  words  nw  bx,  1pJ>^1  have  been 
accidentally  omitted;  they  are  an  indispensable  part  of  the  schema,  and  are  pre-  40 
supposed  by  DnpX3O  in  v.  18.] 

(16)  .fit  DiytPVI;  C)  xai  laujaev  a()Tou<;  Kupioc,;  editions  of  J  also  have  the  sing.  verb. 
(18)  onipmil.    In  2T  pni  is  the  usual  translation  of  fnb;  here  perhaps  a  late  doublet, 

or  gloss  (A  05  codd.,  among  them  I9-59N 

(21.22)  ^tt  'iai  niD3  ]ytb  jno11!  ywin11  atj?  i»x;  (i>  iLv  KaT^Xiuev  'InaoO?  (®v  +  ui6<;  Nami  45 
t'v  rfj  Yfl)  xai  aqpnKev  TOU  ueipoiaai  K.T.^.;  reading  ni'l  (v.  23;  3,1)  in  place  of 
no11!.    The  expression  in  <H  is  unusual  ;  if  ntt'l  were  the  true  reading  we  should 
suspect  that  it  was  a  gloss.     On  the  other  hand,  if  v.  22.  is  by  a  different  hand 
from  v.  21,  m11!  (scil.  nw)  is  necessary  to  it. 

(22)   D3  Ftibb  nin"1  ^ll;  M  ^ll,  which  would  require  us  to  correct  03  to  33;  so  (sing.^  50 
(533;  Jttms  H3  T-SD,  as  in  Is.  6,  13  ;  63  ,  19  (see  GlNSB.,  Introd.,  c.  viii.),  which  reading 
occurs  sporadically  in  codd.,  and  is  adopted  by  HOUB.,  STU.,  DOORN.,  al.    It  is 
more  probable,  however,  that  the  error  lies  in  nin"  "pi  (haplography). 


i,3o  —  2,3  -~**3-<©-g(»  ^fu&geer  •$§-©>»BS*>-  27 


(30)  bbna,  some  codd.  bbm.    (5  Evamaau,  Atuuava;  AZO  NaaXaX. 

(32)  "D»V.    Jit  codd.  3PV  ;  similarly  in  v.  33  ;   f/i  (<33  (GRATZ).  —  [At  the  end  of  the 
verse  BU.  (Coining  restores  IBmn^  Vr  «b  "3.] 

(33)  V.  33b  is  regarded  by  DOORN.  as  a  gloss,   dictated  by  national  vanity;   similar 

ly  35b-  5 

(34)  ""IDxn,  without  variation  here  and  in  v.  35;  also  in  (5  Jos.  19,48.    As  throughout 
this  chapter  the  author  uses  the  name  Canaanites  for  the  native  population  of 
the  land,  it  is  a  natural  surmise  that  in  vv.  34.35  "ntssn  has  supplanted  an  origi 
nal  "Oyasn,  perhaps  through  a  working  back  of  the  error  in  v.  36. 

13m  xb  "O.  05  Jos.  19,47  Kcd  OUK  euuv  auToix;  =  (nuro)  x!?l;  preferred  by  Bu.  and  Ki.   10 

(35)  Din  im.    Some  codd.  Din,  as  also  in  8,13;  Jos.  19,19.   (5V  dv  TUJ  6'pei  TUJ  oarpa- 
KuObei  (tenn),  with  the  doublet  dv  TUJ  juupaivujvi  (Din);  others  TOU  (aupaivtuvcx;,  or 
TOU  bpuuuivoc;  (Bhn). 

ill  epl"  m  T  naani;  05  (SH  j/^  0A?/.)  adds  dm  TOV  A|uoppaTov,  which  may  be 
genuine  (Bu.);  Jos.  19,47  dn'  aurou?  (Ki.).  15 

DO1?  on!?  V.Tl,  as  in  v.  33,  with  <BVN  a/.  3;  Jlt©AL  ottb  1VT1. 

(36)  <H  nty&T  ybona  a^-ipv  nbyofi  noxn  bnn.   ©ALLP(ESH  (6  'Ibouuaioi;  «^  obel.}  TO 
opiov  TOU  Auoppaiou  6  'Ibouuaio?;  a   doublet  in   which  the  true   and  the  false 
reading  are  combined,  as  often.     The  restoration  of  s»nxn  was  suggested  by 
HOLLENB.,  and  is  adopted  by  Bu.,  Ki.,  and  KAU.    HOLLENB.  himself  preferred  20 
to  follow  <BA  al.  more  closely,  and  read  "IDINn  nDXn  bnil. 

ybon;  M  jj^onfi,  but  the  terminus  ad  qucin  is  required;  the  a  of  Jll  is  dittogram 
of  the  final  D  in  D^lpJ?.  05ALP(E  diri  Tfjq  -rr^Tpai;,  correction  of  euro  suggested  by 
the  context. 

25 

(1)  bKrva  "?«;  Jit  D'Oin  bx  (v.  5);  03,  with  substantial  unanimity,  <Lm  TOV  K\au6uujva 
Kai  £TTI  Bai0r|X  Kai  ^TTI  TOV  OIKOV  laparjX;  in  SH  the  critical  signs  are  confused,  but 
were  no   doubt  meant  to  athetize  all  after  K\au6uujvct.     GEDDES  inserts  rvi  bx 
^«"i»\    ZIEGLER  rightly  saw  that  D^Sn  bs  was  an  interpolation  from  v.  5;  d-rri 
TOV  oTxov  I.  an  erroneous  doublet    or  gloss  to  the   preceding  words  (cf.  (5  in  30 
1,23).   WELLH.  therefore  restores:  ^xr,11!  ^«  h&*n  p  ni.T  ^xbo  by^.    Bu.,  Ki.,  and 
GRATZ,  on  the  contrary,  think  that  bxw  JV2  bx  is  genuine  (omitted  by  honuvo- 
teleutoti);  Bu.  further  suspects  that  b«W  n^  is  an  editorial  correction  of  «pv  fl'S; 

if  this  were  to  be  adopted,  we  should  prefer  to  emend  further,  «pv  n^3  nx,  as 
in  1,  22.  35 

nbj>X1,  iH  n"?yx.  The  future  is  impossible  in  the  context  (cf.  the  following  N^NJ); 
a  clause  has  been  accidentally  omitted;  the  XpDB  is  perhaps  evidence  that  a 
lacuna  was  recognized  by  the  Masoretic  editors,  as  it  was  by  the  translators  of 
(gVN  (Tcibe  X^Yei  Kupio<;)  5.  STUDER  (alt.  vptyn)  and  BERTHEAU  supply  ••meN  ; 
BOTTCHER  conjectures  10SJ  DD2  "nina,  or  n^J?K  IttSI  D2n«  TnpS  lips  (^  Ex.  40 
3,i6f.;  Gen.  50,24);  DOORN.  adopts  this,  only  putting  for  the  last  two  words 
nbjJKl  [so  also  Bu.,  C0mm.],  which  gives  an  unimpeachable  sentence  and  sense. 
<SA  al.  Kupioc;  dvepipaaev  .  .  .  dariYorfev  .  .  .  ujjaoaev  .  .  .  ei-rrev,  cf.  05  6,  16. 

(2)  (5  has  a  considerably  longer  text:  Kai  uueic;  ot>  bia6r)aeCT0e  bia6r)Kr)v  TOIC;  dyKa- 
0n,uevoi(;  eii;  Triv  Y?lv  TauTrjv,  oube  Toiq  6eoT<;  auTujv  ou  jar)  irpoOKUvriariTe,  d\\d  45 
TO  YXuTTTa  auTujv  auvTpii|>aTe  Kai  T<X  OumaaTripia  OUTUJV  KaTaaKdipaTe  (<DL,  so  in 
substance  the  rest;  SH  oub^  ....  GuvTpiijjaTe  sub  obel.}.    GEDDES,  DOORN.,  and 
Bu.  think  that  this  is  the  original  text;  £&  has  been  abridged  or  mutilated.    Quite 

as  probably  (8  is  the  result  of  amplification  (in  Greek  or  Heb.)  from  the  parallels 
in  Ex.  34,12.13;  23,24.32;Deut.  7,2-5.25,  &c.   [Before  nnwinniD  in  Jit  we  should  50 
doubtless  have  in  good  Heb.  ^  rather,  as  Bu.  suggests;  whether  the  author  of 
this  patchwork  of  reminiscences  must  have  written  "O  is  not  so  clear.] 

(3)  iH©VNBm  nmx  anjN  »h;  6  rel.  £l£€.3H  (sui,  Obel\  with  variations  not  affecting  the 


26  -~«3«s-§<»  sfubgeer  «3-€>gj*~-  1,17—29 


(17)  E.  MEY.  regards  nBS  as  a  transcriptional  error  for  11J7,  the  correcdon  of  which 
found  its  way  into  v.  16;  see  above,  p.  25,  1.  32. 

(18)  M  min"  *O^1.    05  harmonizing,  OUK  £K\r|pov6un,crev,  which  is  preferred  by  J.  D. 
MICHAELIS,  and  adopted  by  ZIEGLER,  GEDDES,  DOORN.,  GRATZ;  DOORN.  ex 
plains  T3^1  as  a  transcriptional  error  for  13^  N!?I.  Joseph.,  mediating,  they  took  Ashke-     5 
Ion  and  Ashdod,  but  were  not  able  to  take  Gaza  and  Ekron  (Ant.  v,2,4;  £/!  v  ,  3  ,  i). 
At  the  end  of  the  verse  (5  adds  Kcti  (var.  oub£)  Trjv  ^AZoiTov  KUI  (oub£)  TCI  uepi- 
cnropia  aurfu;  (®LP  opia).    The  rendering  irepiairopia,  instead  of  8piov  or  opia  as 

in  the  preceding  instances,  betrays  a  different  hand,  and  makes  it  probable  that 
the  gloss  is  of  relatively  late  date  (DOORN.).  Cf.  Josephus  cited  above  (1.  6).  10 

(19)  P"iin!>  by  »b,  with  HOUB.,  STU.,  a/.,  cf.  <53£,  Jos.  15,63;  17,12;  M  tmin1?  »b.  The 
verb  "?3"  was  canceled  by  a  redactor  or  scribe  in  conformity  to  the  theory  that 
not  inability  but  unwillingness  prevented  the  expulsion  of  the  Canaanites;  cf.  v.  21. 
5  asr^*  Jl,  cf.  v.  27  £c. 

nr6  bll3  321  "2.    (5  (with  or  without  the  doublet  xai  apjaara  ffibrjpa  autoTc;,  cf.  3)  15 
OTI  Pr|XaP  biecrreiXaTo  auTOis;  cf.  (5LP  in  4,3. 

(20)  nt?»  131  i»K3.  Jos.  15,13  jnsnn^  mrr1  "D  !?«;  ^A  <5. 

(21)  3W1".    ^l  codd.  "3BM",  a  Qere  of  the  Oriental  schools. 

1W"Tin  Kb.  Jos.  15,63  nwmnb  .  .  .  1*73"  »b,  doubtless  the  original  text  of  J,  as  in 
v.  19  above.  Benjamin  (Jos.),  notjtedah  (Jud.),  is  also  original.  20 

(22)  ill  rpv  JV2  l^yi,  C  oi  uioi  luuanqp,  M  codd.  f]DV  "32;  adopted  by  DOORN.,  BER- 
THEAU,  Kl.;  see  also  on  v.  23.    The  change  is  not  grammatically  necessary,  and 
the  variation  of  (5  is  of  little  significance,  cf.  Jos.  17,17;  18,5. 

bsn'3,  one  word.  So  BAR  (see  his  note  on  Gen.  12,8);  according  to  GlNSB. 
this  is  the  orthography  of  the  Oriental  Jews.  25 

£1  nay  mm;  @ALLP  KCU  'louba^  |aeT'  auraiv.  Bu.  and  Kl.  conjecture  that  the 
author  (J)  wrote  DOJ?  yenn'l  ;  this  was  first  altered  to  min\  and  this  again  to  mn\ 
Bu.,  Conim.,  argues  that  Joshua  must  have  been  named  in  this  connection.  The 
present  text  may,  however,  be  the  result  of  abridgment  (cf.  v.  19);  mirf  for  nin" 
is  an  easy  error,  cf.  2  S  1  ,  12,  ill  and  ©.  30 

(23)  iH  /«n"23  *|DV  n'2  nvri.    The  text  is  not  exempt  from  suspicion  ;  in  Num.  13  .  14, 
where  the  verb  frequently  occurs,  it  is  found  in  Qal,  with  the  accusative,  and 
we  should  accordingly  expect  here  ^K1V3  ----  nuvi  (cf.  6VN  KCU  KctTeaK^ctvTO 
Bcu0r]X).     SCHARFENBERG  and  STADE  conjecture  niSM,  which  would  probably 
be  construed  with  by  rather  than  3  (cf.  however  2  Sam.  20,  15).    (B,  in  all  recen-  35 
sions,  has  beside,  or  instead  of,  this  verb,  KCU  irapeW(5a\ov,  z".  e.  131T1;  cf.  Joseph. 
Ant.  v,2,6.     For  *pr  JT3  (QALVn  a/.  have  oTKO?  lapar|X,  05Lp  uioi  lapaqX,   ©VN 
vac.-,  £&  codd.,  DOORN.,  «/.,  *)DV  "33,  as  in  v.  22.    The  subject  is  superfluous  after 

v.  22,  and  perhaps  came  in  only  by  accident;  cf.  <5  in  2,  i. 

(24)  ib  11D«"1.    Bu.  (Coming  suspects  that  before  these  words  13  HntfV  or  ttitntf'l  may  40 
have  fallen  out. 

(27)  EPiin  »b"\.    Jos.  17,12  ^"linb  .  .  .  ibr  Kb;  see  on  v.  19  above. 

'131  ]»y  JV3  n«.  There  is  some  lack  of  uniformity  in  this  verse,  "3WV  being  insert 
ed  before  the  last  three  names  but  not  before  the  first  two  ;  which  may  suggest 
the  suspicion  that  the  text  has  been  glossed.  45 

•OPV  Qere,  as  elsewhere  in  this  verse  and  chapter;  so  many  codd.  in  the  text. 
1X1,  as  in  Jos.  17,11   (cf.  21,32);    i  Kings  4,11;  cf.  1JH  r?  V  83,11;  so  &  codd. 
here,  against  the  Masorah.    The  orthography  is  confirmed  by  Phoenician  (CIS 
i,i,3,   1.  19),  Assyrian,  and  Egyptian  inscriptions.    $&,  here  and  in  three  other 
places  in.  5° 

(29)  4tt  1133  mp3  ^Jttsn  3»"l;  (5  +  KCti  df^veTo  (ctUTCu)  el?  cpopov,  adopted  by  GEDDES. 
Jos.  16,10  131J;  DO1?  VPI  mn  DVn  1J>  D"-IBK  31p3  "3J?33n  3»"1;  the  redactor  of  Jud. 
appears  to  have  abridged  his  source  (Bu.). 


1,15.16  -«H3«®-^»  3w&<J««  *>§•€>£**>-  25 


tried   to   express   (DOORN.,   BUDDE,  GRATZ,  KAUTZSCH);   M  here  and  in  Jos. 

15,18,  irWDm.    EWALD  conj.  WTDni  she  took  him  into  the  secret. 

m»,  with  ©V  al.,  also  ill  in  Jos.  15  ,  18;  iit(5AL  here  m»n  by  dittography  (SxUDER, 

DOORN.,  KAUTZSCH,  «/.).    The  article  is  defended  by  EWALD. 

naxni.    The  rare  word  is  variously  rendered  by  the  Versions  from  the  context;     5 

(5  dveponaev,  ^fOYfuIev,  iKpaEev,  &c.,  3  suspiravit.    GRATZ  conj.  pj?sni  (cf.  7>- 

miird  i6a).    Others  have  surmised  that  ©  read  or  guessed  nixni,  or  nasri.    [nax 

may  mean  to  press,  i.  e.  eindringen  in  4,21  and  /'«  z/z«  dringen  (Lat.  instare)  in 

1,14;    it  maY  be  identical   with   Jax.^  /#   importune   ((J,  ^^Js.  <J\  \M    <k*.£i3^ 

<jJl^o).    Transposition  of  liquids  is  not  exceptional.  —  P.  H.]  10 

(15)  .1313,  so  Jtt  and  the  Versions;  KROCHMAL  and  GRATZ  conj.  .1213. 

3Jan  nxiN,  as  in  Gen.  20,1,  to  remove  ambiguity;  M  3aan  yiN,  the  n  might  easily 
be  lost  before  the  following  article  (haplography). 

fi^,  a  sing,  is  required;  (5  Jos.  15,19  FuuXaG,  A  Jud.  FoXXaG;  M  rfril,  which  in 
Jos.  has  led  to  a  false  conformation  of  the  adjectives.    Canaanite  names  of  places   15 
with  fern,  ending  -at  are  frequent;  sec  e.  g.  DBS  v.  17,  and    14,1.     [In  DV3  n^i, 
where  ETC  is  supposed  to  be  explanatory,   the  plur.  is  preferred  by  BlL,  Coming 

(16)  rhy  n»o  ]rnn  ^pn  Dim,  so  Bu.  (R-S86,  Comm^\  M  ity  n»o  pn  "a^p  -031.  The  name 
of  Moses'  father-in-law  is  obviously  required;  <5VN  oi  uioi  loGop  ToO  Keivaiou  ;  Joseph. 
'loBopou,  'IdGpou;  ©LLp5H(£  Oi  uJoi  luufiaf?  K.T.£.  ((0Affi  luuap),  z.  e.  D3h,  Num.  10,29  20 
(J).    The  latter  is  supported  by  Jud.  4,11,  where  the  glcss  n»fi  ]mn  D2n  ^20  is  ' 
derived  from  our  passage.    The  sing,  verbs  in  ill  v.  i6b  make  it  probable  that 
^21  is  a  corruption  of  the  proper  name;  it  is  possible,  however,  that  we  should 
read  'Ul  2Dn  Sa21,  and  correct  the  verbs  in  i6b  instead  of  i6a,  in  exact  agreement 
with  <ps  al.  (KITTEL).    E.  MEYER  (ZAT  1,132.137,  n.)  conj.  nty  ne>»  ]nn  171,  25 
which  is  approved  by  KUENEN  and  Bu.  (ft-S,  p.  9;  but  cf.  p.  86).    STUDER 
conj.   ntPtt  |nn  asn  ''ail,  and  considers  'ap  a  gloss  which  displaced  the  proper 
name. 

miiT  ''an  n«.  05ALLpVn  «/.  SH<J  ^p^^  T0l^  uiou?  'louba,  z'.  ^.  b».  The  confusion 
of  ns  and  bx  is  abundantly  attested  in  Heb.  MSS  and  the  old  Versions.  30 

•ny  nntt;  M  ny  naaa  i»«  min^  nane,  which  is  manifestly  corrupt.  E.  MEY.  cancels 
T1J>  as  a  misplaced  marginal  correction  of  nBX,  v.  17;  but,  even  if  this  were  other 
wise  acceptable,  it  does  not  remove  the  difficulty.  The  various  recensions  of  (5 
all  have  ^ui  Karapdaeujt;  Apab,  which  would  represent  T1J?  TV1D2.  DOORN.,  Bu. 
(7?-5),  and  KAUTZSCH  adopt  this  reading;  and  for  the  rest,  following  <f}AL  al.  eiq  35 
Tr]v  gpruaov  'louba  TTJV  ouaav  dv  TUJ  VOTUJ  ^Trl  xaTapciaeuai;  A.,  restore  miiT  lino 
T1J>  111)33  "NPK  (^v  TUJ  VOTLU  erroneous  doublet  in  Heb.).  But  'louba  does  not 
belong  to  the  genuine  text  of  05;  it  is  lacking  in  03LPVn,  asterisked  in  <SH,  and 
stands  in  ©VN  in  a  different  place  (dv  TUJ  VOTUJ  'louba).  [Cf.  Bu.,  Comm.]  In  our 
reconstruction  it  is  supposed  that  3333  "itfK  is  a  gloss  to  Apab  (so  DOORN.),  the  in-  40 
trusion  of  which  in  the  wrong  place  occasioned  other  changes;  T>1D3  in  the  Heb. 
text  which  lay  before  the  6  translators  was  a  transcriptional  error  for  13103  as 
in  Jos.  8,24.  In  5H  the  obelus  stands  before  \  «y-^->)  the  corresponding  met- 
obelus  is  missing.  R6RDAM  and  LAG.  would  correct  this  to  ^x  _—  Jiiaa.tea 
;»l;  \llKAso,  —  whether  rightly,  is  questionable.  ZIEGLER  had  suspected  that  45 
11l»3  was  an  erroneous  doublet  to  3Ja:.  Another  possible  reconstruction,  follow 
ing  <5V  and  assuming  the  opposite  error,  is  mirr  3i33  1t?K  11J?  1110.  The  text  of 
the  whole  verse  has  suffered  so  greatly  that  it  is  impossible  to  feel  much  con 
fidence  in  any  of  these  attempts. 

3Bn  iH  so  aKBALSHfcScT;  (5  rel.  «3  A  1^1.  50 

'p^oyn  n«;  $&  nyn  n«;  0}N(t  have  the  doublet  ueTd  TOU  Xaou  AuaXnK.  HOLLENB., 
E.  MEYER,  KAUTZSCH,  restore  p'rtsy  DN;  Bu.  •'pbttyn  riN,  which  better  accounts 
for  the  article  in  4fl.  GRATZ,  rejecting  this  emendation,  conjectures  pyttttf  n«. 

Jud.  4 


24 

(1894);  but  many  contributions  to  the  correction  of  the  text  are  scattered  through 
the  exegetical  literature,  in  periodicals,  and  elsewhere.*  I  have  not  essayed  the 
impossible  task  of  recording  all  these,  nor  does  it  lie  in  the  plan  of  the  present 
series  to  do  so;  but  I  have  thought  it  proper  to  note  more  fully  the  conjectures 
of  earlier  critics,  such  as  HOUBIGANT  (1753),  UATHE  (1784),  ZIEGLER  (1791), 
and  GEDDES  (1797),  who  often  anticipated  corrections  which  are  now  generally 
accepted.  The  obvious  emendations  have  been  made  over  and  over  again,  in 
dependently;  claims  of  priority  are  nowhere  more  difficult  to  establish. 


I     (5)  pD  ^31N.    The  name  is  attested  here  by  £&  and  all  the  Versions;  (6  has  Abuw- 
(JeEeK  in  Jos.  10, 1  ff.  also,  where  itt  and  the  other  Versions  read  p"!2*  '31K.    WELL- 
HAUSEN  infers  that  pt3  ^IK  is  in  all  places  the  true  form  of  the  name ;  plX  '318 
in  Jos.  10  is  a  harmonistic  differentiation,  imitating  pIX  "O^O  (King  of  Jerusalem)   15 
in   Gen.  14.     But  pD   ^IN   is   a  wholly   anomalous   formation   (pt3,  name  of  a 
place),  while  p"!S  "OIK  is  normal  (pis  Xubux,  name  of  a  god),  and  is  supported 
by  the  analogy  of  pis  ^li.    It  seems  more  probable,  therefore,  that  the  latter 
is  the  original  form  of  the  name,  and  that  in  Jud.,  by  accident  or  design,  it  has 
been    changed   to   pl2   S31N.     Another  variation  is  Abum/iEe^ex   (Joseph.,  Steph.  20 
Byz.,  Procop.,  2  codd.  of  (5  in  Jos.  10,  i). 

pl33  fi5s6.59-i°8g)  probably  by  homceoieleuton.  The  topographical  difficulty  (see 
note  on  the  Translation  ad  loc.)  **  gives  room  for  the  suspicion  that  there  is  an 
error  in  this  name  also.  An  old  commentator  suggests  that  pt3  is  identical  with 
npS3  (Jos.  15,39).  Jos.  10,10.11  would  rather  lead  us  to  think  of  npiy.  This  2-, 
would  be  the  scene,  not  of  the  battle,  but  of  the  capture  of  Adonizedec;  note 
INXO'l  (<5VN  KdT^Xapov,  KdTeXdpocrav,  perhaps  influenced  by  v.  6),  and  cf.  Jos.  10, 17. 
V.  5a  would  be  in  place  after  v.  6a,  and  a  different  theory  of  the  composition  of 
vv.  4-6  would  be  neccessary.  —  BUDDE  (A-.S)  conjectures  that  in  the  original 
context  of  J  the  words  ran  '131  13  lon^l  D^PIT  ^0  pt3  ^IN  TIN  l«Xfi'l.  [If  pD  "31K  30 
be  the  original  form  of  the  name,  pD3  must  be  struck  out;  if  p~IX  "OIK  is  right, 
pt33  must  remain;  Bu.,  Coming 

TiBn  fiNi  '3^33.1  HN  \y\.  DOORNINCK  regards  these  words  as  a  marginal  gloss  in 
tended  to  follow  DT3  in  v.  4. 

(7)  rrsbo  D'J?3tr.    Perhaps  the  source  had  njDP  (KlTTEL).  35 

(11)  "?J>'1,  so  ffiv  al.  (K«i  dv^priaav),  and  itt  with  all  Versions  in  Jos.  15, 15;  A\  here  "j^l, 
(SALLp^H  ^TTOpeu9r|aav,  conformed  to  the  beginning  of  v.  10  (DOORN.,  HOLLENB., 
a/.). 


(13)  1300  ]Bpn  ittOJAL;  5H  \«a»  ^iw^-jL^;;  6/3,9:  (JVNC*BiLpVn  6  V£  U)T6pO  ^  sine  addit.   40 

(14)  njVDM,  as  the  context  seems  to  require,  and  the  Versions  in  various  ways  have 


*  BUDDE'S  Richter  (in  MARTl's  Kurser  Hand-Commentar,  1897)  was  published  after 
the  text  of  the  present  volume  was  in  type  and  the  manuscript  of  the  Critical 
Notes  was  in  the  Editor's  hands.  I  have  therefore  been  able  to  take  account  of 
the  valuable  contributions  which  BUDDE  has  made  in  this  work  to  the  restoration 
of  the  text  only  in  the  form  of  supplementary  notes.  BUDDE'S  earlier  work,  Richter 
u»d  Samuel  (1890),  in  part  previously  published  in  ZAT  ('87—  '88),  is  distinguished 
when  necessary  as  Bu.  (A'-.S');  the  more  recent  volume,  as  Bu.  (Com  HI.).  —  The 
emendations  in  KAUTZSCH'S  AT  are  cited,  not  in  the  name  of  the  translator  of 
Judges  (KITTEL),  but  in  that  of  the  editor  (KAUTX.SCH),  who  assumes  the  responsibility 
for  this  apparatus  (see  Zweites  Vorn'orl);  though,  doubtless,  most  of  them  were 
proposed  or  adopted  by  the  translator. 

**  SCHICK  (PEF,  Qu.  St.  '98,  pp.  20-231  would  find  the  site  of  Bexek  at  Kufiti, 
between  Bethlehem  and  Hebron. 


23 

ants  to  the  other  translation  ((Dv,  ed.  Romano}-,  but  it  would  be  comparatively 
easy,  if  we  possessed  a  few  accurate  collations  of  typical  manuscripts,  properly 
arranged. 

None  of  these  witnesses  exhibits  a  pre-Hexaplar  state  of  (6 ;  all  show  in  differ- 
5  ent  ways  and  degrees  the  result  of  revision  meant  to  bring  05  into  closer  conformity 
with  A\.  In  some  the  correction  has  generally  supplanted  the  original  render 
ing;  in  others  the  two  stand  side  by  side,  with  more  or  less  stylistic  accomoda- 
tion.  It  is  in  the  most  systematically  conflate  recension  that  the  most  of  the 
pre-Hexaplar  translation  has  been  preserved.  In  Judges  this  is  ©LP,  which  the 

10  testimony  of  Theodoret  proves  to  have  been  the  recension  current  in  Syria  in 
the  5th  cent.,  and  which  is  doubtless  of  Syrian  origin. 

From  the  Greek  translation  represented  by  ©ACsBsSrLLpVn  are  derived  the  Old 
Latin  (f ;  fragments  only),  the  Ethiopic,  edited  by  DlLLMANN  (<£),  and  the 
Hexaplar  Syriac,  edited  by  RORDAM  and  by  LAGARDE  (3H);  further  the  Ar- 

15  menian  and  the  Slavic  Versions,  which  are  not  used  in  the  accompanying  ap 
paratus. 

The  other  Ancient  Versions,  the  Latin  of  St.  Jerome  in  its  Vulgate  form  (3), 
the  Syriac  (5),  and  the  Jewish  Aramaic  Targum  (<T),  are  all  based  on  the  Pal 
estinian  Hebrew  Standard  Text  of  the  2d  cent.  A.  D.,  as  are  also  the  new  Greek 

20  translations  of  AZ0,  and  the  revision  of  6  after  these,  and  in  the  main  the  trans 
lation  found  in  (fiVBmN.  T-he  pre-Hexaplar  ffi  alone  represents  a  Hebrew  text 
older  than  the  official  revision  made  in  the  school  of  R.  Aqiba. 

The  text  presented  above,  in  accordance  with  the  plan  of  the  series,  is  the 
Masoretic  Text,  emended  where  it  seemed  necessary  by  the  aid  of  Heb.  MSS, 

25  the  Ancient  Versions,  or  critical  conjecture.  For  the  more  difficult  undertaking 
of  an  edition  of  the  Hebrew  Text  as  it  was,  say,  in  the  4th  cent.  B.  C.,  a  critical 
edition  of  (5  on  sound  philological  principles  is  indispensable;  such  problems  as 
it  presents  cannot  be  solved  ambulando.  In  the  Notes,  however,  the  editor  has 
indicated,  in  a  considerable  number  of  instances,  what  in  his  judgment  was  the 

30  earlier  reading. 

The  critic  of  the  Hebrew  text  of  the  Pentateuch  and  the  Historical  Books  is 
confronted  by  peculiar  difficulties  arising  from  the  composite  character  of  the 
narrative.  Many  of  the  faults  which  he  finds  in  his  text  are  not  due  to  the  errors 
of  transmission  which  alone  fall  within  the  province  of  textual  criticism,  but  to 

35  the  unskilful  combination  of  different  sources,  to  the  efforts  of  a  redactor  to 
connect  or  harmonize  his  sources,  or  to  subsequent  editorial  interference.  The 
task  of  the  textual  critic  is  not  to  restore  the  text  of  the  sources,  nor  even  of 
some  earlier  state  of  the  composite  work,  but  only  the  form  in  which  it  left  the 
hand  of  the  last  redactor.  Cf.  below,  p.  50,  1.  10;  p.  62,  1.  33. 

40  In  the  present  edition,  the  analysis,  and  the  redactional  changes  which  the 
higher  criticism  conjectures  to  have  been  made  in  the  text,  are  explained  in  the 
Notes  to  the  English  Translation  (1898),  by  which  the  Notes  on  the  Hebrew 
Text  are  therefore  to  be  supplemented.  The  exegetical  grounds  upon  which 
emendations  of  the  text  by  conjecture  often  rest  will  be  found  more  fully  set 

45  forth  in  the  author's  Commentary  on  Judges  (1895). 

The  most  glaring  inconsistencies  of  the  Masoretic  orthography  have  also  been 
emended  in  this  edition;  but  without  any  attempt  at  strict  consistency.  The  <> 
of  the  inf.  abs.,  the  Qal  active  participle,  and  the  fern,  plur.,  is  uniformly  written 
plene\  in  other  cases  the  prevailing  spelling  is  made  uniform.  These  departures 

50  from  the  Masoretic  orthography  are  indicated  by  «». 

The  only  systematic  attempts  to  employ  the  Versions  for  the  emendation  of  the 
Hebrew  text  of  Judges  are  the  dissertation  of  A.  v.  DOORNINCK,  Bijdrage  tot 
de  Tekstkritiek  van  Ricltteren  i.-n>i.  (1879)  ar>d  tne  Emendationes  of  GRATZ, 


on 


IN  FORMING  the  present  text,  the  following  editions  of  M  have  been  chiefly 
used:  —  JACOB  KHAYYIM  (Venice,  1525,  4  vols.  fol.,  with  the  Masorah)  in  the 
reprint  of  154?;  VAN  DER  HOOGHT  (Amsterdam  and  Utrecht,  1705,  which  has 
attained  the  character   of  a  textus  receptns]\   J.  H.  MICHAELIS   (Halle,   1720);     5 
RAPHAEL  KHAYYIM   (Mantua,    1742,    with  the   critical  commentary  of  NORZI, 
ns>nn:o);  BAR  (Leipzig,  1891),  and  GINSBURG  (London,  1894);  together  with  the 
Masorah  as  edited  by  JACOB   KHAYYIM   and   by  GINSBURG,   and   the    Masso- 
retisches  Worterbuch  of  FRENSDORFF  (1876);  also  the  various  readings  of  Heb. 
MSS  and  early  printed  editions  compiled  by  KENNICOTT  (1776)  and  DE  ROSSI   10 
(vol.  2,1785). 

Of  (5,  besides  the  fragments  of  AI0  collected  by  MONTFAUCON  and  by  FIELD, 
two  translations  have  been  preserved  complete  (see  LAGARDE,  Septuaginta-Studien, 
1892).  The  younger  of  these  is  represented  by  the  Codex  Vaticanus  1209  (ffiV)  ;  Cod. 
Mus.  Brit,  20,002,  collated  by  LAGARDE  for  cc.  I  -  5  (05^m),  and  a  considerable  group  1  5 
of  minuscules  (16.30.52.53.58.63.77-85.  131  .144-209.236.237  of  HOLMES  and 
PARSONS),  to  which  the  text  printed  in  the  Catena  Nicephori  (Leipzig,  1773) 
belongs  (®N).  From  this  version  is  derived  the  Sahidic,  fragments  of  which 
have  been  published  by  ClASCA  (d). 

The  older  Greek  translation  is  contained  in  all  the  remaining  MSS  so  far  20 
as  known.    Among  these  are  the  following  uncial  codices  :  Alexandrinus  (G>A), 
Coislinianus  (<&Cs  =  x  of  H-P),  Basiliano  -  Vaticanus  (C5Bs  =  XI  of  H-P),  Sarravi- 
anus  (<5Sr  =  IV  and  V  of  H-P),  and  many  minuscules. 

Among  the  latter,  three  well-defined  groups  are  easily  separated,  to  two  of  which, 
at  least,  the  character  of  recensions  must  be  ascribed;  vis.  codd.  19.108.118  25 
of  H-P,  whose  text  is  exhibited  by  the  Complutensian  Polyglot,  and  has  been 
edited  by  LAGARDE,  i883(«L);  54.59.75.82  of  H-P,  and  the  fragments  of  a  Leipzig 
uncial  palimpsest,  inedited  (©LP);  120.121  of  H-!',  represented  by  the  Aldine 
edition,  Venice,  1518  (<6V»).  A  fourth  group,  which  stands  intermediate  between 
(6Lp  and  <6L,  is  not  cited  in  our  apparatus.* 

A  complete  stemma,  exhibiting  the  filiation  of  these  MSS  and  recensions,  can 
not  be  made  from  the  collations  in  H-P,  in  which  the  internal  variations  of  the 
representatives  of  this  version  are  exhibited  (in  inextricable  confusion)  as  vari- 


*  For  an  attempt  to  distinguish  the  recensions  of  <g  in  Jud.  see  FRITZSCHE,  Liber 

Judicum  secundum  LXX  interpretes,   1867. 


21,11 — 25 


21 


nonnn  nat 
•ot  a^a"?  B"«  ny 


nn 


mya 
»K 
nr6  wipM  ]iB>n 


14  tin11! 

i»  p^aa1?  Dm  oym  :p  on^  i«so  «bi  nyba  t^ns  ^ao  vn 

1  6  anma^  nfcya  no  myn  ^apr  n»«<|ii  ihvnw 

17  «^i  p^aa^  HB^D  <ny 

i  s  ^aa  iya^a  ^  la^maao  a^a  an"?  nn^>  feia  «V  lanaxi  t 

19  aiDs»  -rf^a  mrr  an  nan 


i  an1?   5 
niry  *a 


ant  nn» 


n9po? 

21.3  ans«ii  :a^i3a  anan«i  vh 
as1?  anstoni  a-'anan  ]e 

22  1«  <)>nia«  i«as  ^  nvn  j 
in»«  »^K  i-np1?  «^  o  <) 

23  I«I»M  p^aa  saa  ID  M 
anyn  ns  laa^i  an'pna 

24  iN: 


nibhoa 


naisso 


aaaoi 
niaa  IKS^  a«  nam 
maao 


anna  an«  < 
ni^han  p 


15 


tana 


ann 


20 


20,26  —  21,10 


DP 


mm2  tont^  ^3  itotsn  ;mm 


s}2    ?3   in    :3in2O,26 

mty  i^jn  2"iyn  ny  Ninn  DV2  27 


ne">y  pnK  p  IJJ^K  p  orwai  :onn  o^tra  Dvtfxn  rns  piK  DPI  28 
DN  TIN  p^m  ^2  oy  n&n^1?  nK56  my  *p-oiKn  las'?  inn  ona-a 
5  !2S2D  ny2n  to 
:nys3 


nn  n^ss:  psi2  s: 
I  :ni^pon  bx  Tyn  p 


i  :nyin  Dnsy 
«inn  DVS 


mpo 


15 


ny 


^yn  p  ]Bty 


p 


"inon 


32 

noiii  no«  ^NI^  33 
ion  "?y22  iDiy^i  34 


36 

37 
38 

39 


n'py  mm  41 
v"?y  ny^i  ^D  42 


43 

ny  «  44 


25  D 


inns 


Kinn  nr3  2in 


3o 


ip.3 


n  nnyn  "?:> 
no*6  n 
3iyn  ny 


46 

^3o 
:^n  47 
sis  4s 
ny  nans  ny 
ty^i        2i 
oyn 


^  pyn  Hysan 


35  :nov  nio  nox1?  nsson  mm  •?«  n^y 
no  :"?«-I^D  nns  123^  ovn  yn:: 

rmi2»  on"?  nn 
nsson   mm   to    nby 

Him  nyn  npsw  :"?npn  9K  ny1?:  »3 
4o         >:2»  ^^«  *)to  n^y  D^itr  nnyn  ntr 

' 


nnjni  nn«i 


nrvn 


nyi3trn 


nns 
n  to 


7-6 

s 
9 


vyn  p  ipnan  3^  (P) 
21,7  (8) 


°5?n  ''^  20>a6  a) 
n^-ry  nnn  nrx  ni^poa      31  (T) 


19,25—20,25  -««8«<i**-  D»MW  «•€>•«*>-  19 


19  srKbi  orrya  aitsn  <)>nb  ifcyi  <jn>n<>8  wjn  <]n>n<>8 

na  awn  pirpi  ib  ybt?b  D^ssn  n«  «bi  :n«tn  nbain 

ipan  ny  n^n  bo  na  ibbym  nm«  lyri  pnn  c 

26  IPS  BP8n  rva  nns  bsni  npan  nusb  ntf  8n  «am 

27  iamb  riabb  8!n  fi'an  mnbn  nns^i  ipaa  n\ft8  Dp11!  m«n  ny  at?  n^>n«   s 

28  "oip  iT^  lowi   :«]on  ^j;  rn^  nsan  nns  n^s-M  NW^B  ntr«n  n:m 

29  in^n  ^«  ^n11!  nw-po^  1^1  »^8n  cp^i  T.onn  "?j 

n^nm  n'^y  D^B^'rposj^  nnn^i  wi^sa  ptn^i  n^D«on  n« 
t^s  bzb  n»8n  na  no^1?  n^ty  n^8  n^i«n  «^i>  :^KI»S  *?iaa     a 
<n?n  nvn  TJ?  nnso  >n«o  "?«i^s  ^n  n^j;  mnri  ntn  nana  nn\n:n  10 


:[]  ntn  nvn  ny  nnso  p8» 


2  ny  ^npa  bump  ^taaty  ^a<>  nyn  ^D  nus  ns^n^  :nss!?n  nins  ^8  15 

s  i^y  sa  p^a  ^a  1^0^^ 
4  ]V^  i  n8tn  njnn  nn\ii  na^« 

nnyaan 


6  o  ^8*i»s  n5m  ml?  baa  20 

.7  Dp^i  Jbbn  nsgi  nan  Dab  lan  b«n^  ^a.  naba  nin  :^8i»sa  nba:a  Vtyy 
9  nr  nnyi  nn^ab  »^8  *nw  «bi  ibns1?  t^^«  ibi  xb  n»8^  nn«  ty^a  Dj;n  ba 

bni^a  nst?j;  <nbyi>  nj;a:b  nt^yi  ntr«  lain 
ms  nnpb  naanb  rf?M  rf?*b  nsoi  bKntr  <iaaiy 
^«  ^a  *p8»i  jb«itysa  <>^v  1^8  nbain  baa  25 

12  n«tn  nynn  no  "tosb  ]Dsp  oisaty  baa  a'tW8  bx-\w  ^aaty  inbty^i  :onan 

13  nn^oi 


Drrrw  bipa  ybt^b  p^a  ^aa^  ia«  «bi  bKi^^o  ny>n> 
.  1  4  npsm  :b«n^^  ^a  oy  nonbob  n«^  nnya^n  nnyn  )»  p^a  ^: 

nab  ain  tf*w  ty^K  «]^8  nt^<on>i  nni^y  nnyno  8inn  msa  ]o^a  sia  30 

16  b8  ]a«a  ySvp  nr  bar  <>  mna  ^s«  mso  yatr  npsnn  nya:n  ^atr^o 

17  tysK  «i^8  nwe  yais  jo^ae  nab  npenn  b«i^  »^ 

is  no8^  D"n98a  I^X^T  ^Nn^a  i^y^  iD-vpM  :non^o  u>s«  nt  ba  ann 

n?nna  i:1 


ipaa    «i^  ^a  ioipM  :n?nna  <.T7y^>  35 
a  oy  ncnbob 
nyain  p  ]»^a 
22  ova   DP   laiy  IPS   oip»a  nonbo  "pyb   i 


23  mrra  i?8p^i  aiyn 


24  iaip^i  :-p?8  i^y  mn^  I»K>II  ^n«  ]o^a  ^ia  ny  non^o?  nt^j^  *pDi8n  io«^  40 


na  ova  nyan  ]o  nnxip    psia  «ssi  rit?n  ova 
nb«  b 


16  (7)        *        Dtoa?  20,'  (?)        *        i  net  20,6 


l8  -oJSO-gfr  DM9BW  «8-©»ej*>-  18,24—19,24 


pxion  n«i  nnnpb  wfey  IPN  snto  n«  -10*01  :  npyu  ^  i1?  no  na^o1?  18,24 
yot?n  to  p  'J3  vto  no*n  :"j^  no  ^«  ne«n  nt  noi  my  ^  noi  la1?™  ro 
laV"!  ;"j;v3  PBJI  -jtysi  ""nsDNi  t^Di  no  D^UK  naa  IJHB^  )s  uoy  "j^ip  26 
inp1?  noni  nrpa  to  am  )s»i  uoo  non  n^ptn  *a  na<e  NTT  Dam1?  p  ^a  27 
5  ny  ty  B^  "?y  i«3M  v?  ,Tn  IL?K  p>an  n«i  ns^o  n^  IJ^K  ^DDn»  n« 
npini  ^  ^so  )^«i  :t?«a  isntr  "isyn  n«i  ann  ^  nnis  DM  nc^ai  tspw  28 
n«  lia^i  aim  n^a"?  n^«    oj;n  «\m  m«  ny  nr6   s«  nani 


-'aN  p  DE>a  p  "i^vn  ntr  wip^  :aa  lai^i  "isvn  29 
n«  p  ^a  an"?  107^1 


:p«n  m*?;  DV  TJ;  s:in  tan      n^-»io  rn 
sa  nvn  ^»s  ^ 


in  ^naT3  i:       WK  \n^i      nty^a  ]^«     01  nnn  o^^a  ^n^i        IQ 
15  to  WNB  I'pm  wa^B  rfy  <*]y>tni  :miiT  on^  n^ao  iw^a  nts^«  i1?  np^i  2 
T^M  n^s«  Dp^i  :o^"tn  nyan«  «  D^  snm  mm-'  nn1?  nsa  to  n^a«  nsa   3 
n^a  -s-a^i  nn'i«n  nosi  ray  nyii  ^a^n1?  na1?  ^y  nai>  nnn« 
a»M  «Tiyin  sa«  i:n»vn  ia  prn'.i  nnsip1?  nofcn  myin  ^as  in«-i*i  4 
npaa  ra^at^M  ^^ain  ova  vm  :nty  li^^i  in^i  iba^i  ay 

ns^n  nnN^  on1?  ns  -p^?  nyo  linn  to  myin  •ON    fwi  r\ibb 
e«i  ^i  «:  toin  vrxn  to 


ova  npaa  oa^i  JDIT     i  atn  i^rnn 
nvn  nio:  ny  inonen^'i  ^aaV  «i  nyo  myan 
n:n  rnyan  sa«  lanw  i1?  no«'i  ny:i  wa^ai  xin  na^  ^  «n 
nnoatrm  •pa'?  ats^i  nrns  <Tiy>  ns7  «:2  )^<6>  <4-3-*>  aony1?  nvn 
na:  ny  «asi  ^-i  cp-'i  p^  ^\sn  na«  «^  t^nx^  ns^m 


12 


--^  nvm  DUS  ny  on  :ray  wasi  n^an  onran  nos  rayi  D^trn1  KM 
:na  r^i  n«rn  "aia\n  n^y  ^s  mion  «a  HD^  V:IN  to  lyan  ION 
;iriay;i  n^^n  toi^s  ^iaa  sb  niy«  c&^sa  Ty  ^N  IID:  ksb  vaiK  vto 
3o  jnona  w  nyaaa  i:^  nra^-pon  ininxa  nanpai  -no1?  nyi1?  TB«^  :nyaa  ny  13 

D^"I 
nyana 
•  12  Kim  nna«  ino  ^n«m  anya  mton  ]o  in'^yo  ]»  «a  ]pr  ^\s  mm  10 


ainna  n>;sn  tr«n  n«  NTI  visy  «toM  JTZT  ^a  mpon  ^IKI  nyaaa  17 
35  umK  nna»>y  vto  io«'i  :«»»an  ]'«i2i  ^n  ni«  ]ptn  tr^«n  IOKM  i^yn  is 
mins  nnV  n*a  ny  itoi  ^N  n^o  nna«  in  "nan^  ny  min^  nn^>  n^ao 
ty  Nispp  na  ]an  n^  jnn^an  VYIK  «]DNO  tr^s  ]s«i  "]S>n  ^H  <^>n^a  <"?>«i  19 
nan  b  mono  )^«  ^nay'ny  ny^i  •jnosbi  ^  ^  ]"i  nn^  DJI  wnran^ 
:^n  to   ainia   pn   ^y   -]-nonD   to   pi  -j1?   nV;^   ]prn   ty^n   "io«^  3 
40  n«  D^a^^o  non  Jinan  V;a«s<i  nn^i  ISHTI  nnicn1?  Sas;i  wa1?  in«sa^i  22.21 
ty  n^pB^no  n^an  n«  lap:  ^yba  sia  «n^ira«  Tyn  ^i«  rum 
to  «a  "mn  ^«n  n«  «sin  no«^  pin  ivan  "?ya  ty^«n  to 
«a  lynn  to  ^n«  to  nn^to  na«si  n^an  "?ya  iy^«n  nn^to  ss^  n-iyiii  23 
nbinan  ^na  nin  :n«tn  n"?a:n  ns  itryn  to  T,^a  to  ntn  ty^n  sa  ntr«  24 


17,5—  18, 

,n  rpa 

6  Dsa'3   jp'io"?  b  vn  viaa  nn«  T 

7  aw  an'?  rraa  ijn  vro  :at?jr  vrya  "^n  w*  hvnxy^  "jba  v«  onn 
s  rrwr  on1?  rvaa  "pyna  tr«n  "j^i  :nt?  13  Kim  ^  Kini  mim  nnst?aa 

9  aa^a  ^  TBNM  nam  miry1?  aa^a  rpa  iy  nns«  in  Km  Ksa^  nt^Ka  nub   5 

mins  nrb 


11  i1?  nyjn  %TI  ty«n  nx  natr       n    svi  :»  "]n;noi  nnja  "jn^i  D       «]oa 

12  :na^o  rvsa  M^  pva^>  iyn  i1?  NTT  ^n  T  n«  nans  x 

13  nnn  0^2  :]mo^  ^n  sb  n\n  sa  s!?  nin^  a^o^  S2  ^nyn^  nny 


ny  ^  n^Di  «*?  ^  nats^  n^ni  ib  trpao  ^nn  ea^  nnn 


2  n^i«  naton  nnnstyoo  p  sia  in1?^^  :n^ma  'psity^  ^taaty  -jina  Kinn 
roan  nijpn^  ^n«n  n«  ^^  ^n^«oi  nviso  b^n  sia  n^i«  onrapD 

3  DJ;  nan  :c{y  i^^i  n2^»  n^n  ny  D^BK  in  iN:n  p«n  n«  njpri  in1?  nn^w  15 
-l^^n  ••a  i1?  neaw  D»  mo^  si^n  nyin  ^p  n«  iTan  nom  na^o  n^a 

4  na^D  ^  n&y  ni  nb  on^6«  i»«si  :  ns  -]1?  noi  nta 


6  oaam  mn^  roi  m       12?  pvan 

7  naipa  n^w  oyn  ns  IKT«I  n^  i«asi  o^iwn  ntr^n  13^1  :na 


8  nn^n«  "?«  isa"1!  :  m«  nj;  nnV  )^«  nani  c^^a  nan 

9  rbyy\  <>oip  no«^i  :<asa^o=  on«  no  onsn« 

mm 

nw»a  DJ;  ^«  i«an  na«-i«aa  :p«n  n« 

nipo 


12  p  nina  «inn  mpab  i«ip  p  ^y  min^a  onys  nnpa  lin^i  iVy^ 

13  nu  iy  i«a^  nnss  in  otra  nayi  :nnr  mp  nn«  n:n  ntn  orn  iy 

^«  na«^  <«>p«n  n«  ^n1?  n^Si»nn  o^isn  ntyon  iiy^  .jna^o  30 
na  IVT  anyi  naeai  "TDDI  o^vn  IISK  nb^n  n^naa  »^ 


17  n^an  ij?^  :p  ^ 

«  inp1?  natr  i«a  p«n 


iiinn  ^«n  nwa  ^^i  ny^n  nns  a^i  jwom  nasan  n«i  a^Binn  35 


i  s  naoan  n«i 

19  I^D  "?y  -ji^  D^  tnnn  i    na»si   :n^«y  cn«  na  pvan 


i»an  a1? 


21  mpan  n«i  «]an  n«  ia^si  iai  liB^i  :nyn  anpa  «a^i  9osn  n«i  o^nnn  40 

22  TOK  n^r.aa  ity«  n^i«m  na^a  n^aa  ip^nin  nan  jan^iBb  iTnaan  n«i 

23  naw^i  on^D  inci'.i  p  ->ia  ^K  i«ip^i  :p  ^a  n«  ip^an^i  ipyw  aa^a  nsa  DJ; 


V*h   18.14  (a) 

jud.  3 


16 


<*{8*OW-  D19&U9  -M4>>ei»> 


16,10—17,4 


.  anrrn  n«  pnri  jwap  fby  BTIB^B  v"?«  no«m  vina  16 
rfrnn  nan  JW&P  bx  nb'bi  nowm  nna  yma  vb\  PK  imna  rrtyan  < 
BK  rj^K  "loin  nann  naa  ^  «a  rmn  nny  a^ata  st?«  nanni  u 
-into  wm  vrbm  na*6&  ana  nfc>ya  »b  I^K  sunn  BTiaya  ^no«s 
5  7*7?  BTIB^B  V^K  "IBNJTI  ana  impxm  a^ann  n^nny  n^n  nj?m  :m«n  12 
:  tains  vnwit  bj;»   npn:^i  -nnn  nt^v  a»«m  )i^»tr  13 
naa  ^  msan  D^TD  ^K  nnnni  sn  nVnri  nin  i 


n«rn 


?'1'?!  npm 


:m«n 


14 


ay 


np^n  ^  \HM  :^ni  ^ni  naa  ^  man  «^i  sn  n^nn 
n1?  "?D  ns  rib  nn  :m»V  itrsi  ism 


nt  16 

nnaia  17 


n«  n 
T^y 
ID  mrp 


w  n1?  Tan  sa  n^bn  «nni  :m«n 
b  n«  ^b  Tan  o  oysn  ib 
«npm  n^aia  ^y  ina^^m  :aTa  ^aan 
io«ni  n^yo  ins  ID^I  <>ma       ^n^i  wan  msbno 


sna  is 


19 


nn\T>«  pan"?  bna  nnr  nit1? 
nyn  m«v«  wvi  nia^« 
nann  I»KI  launs  ann»  n«i  wa^«  n« 


p  ims  H 
n«  ^^«»o« 

n^asn  80  n^am  : 


aan 


nn«  apa 

paa  n^an  I»K  "jinn 

nbn 
V.TI  ia  I^K  oyn  ^a  by]  a^anon  ^>y  n-'an  ^s^i  naa  B»I 


n« 


21 
22 
23 
24 


26 

27 

28 

29 
^ 

31 


35 


naa    «w 


s  p 


n« 


40  ••TO  fffir    «)Ban  n« 

nnyi  rnnp'? 
e«  nprn  vs 


'•arsa  nno«  aai 


nan  ,12001 


nn-n 


I  J,  I—  1  6,9  -«i««<»**-  D*»BW  •*M>»W*>-  15 


i5,«  ION*!  a^y  naa  irwK  n«  JWBP  ips*!  n^tsn  Yxp 

2  o  vruoN  >I"»N  .Ta«  n»*n  5«iab  .T-aN  una  sbi  rmnn 
T;  «i  \nn  naso  naia  naapn  nnin«  «bn  "jyncb  nasflN 

3  :nyi  a^y  ^K  rrtsM-y  -o  asnt?bB»  aysn  Wj?:  vwnw  anb  IBNM  :rpnnn 

4  DPI  ait  b«  nit  )s»i  on^Bb  np^i  o^yw  nwo  »^  "D^i  piytD»  1^1   5 
n  ' 


6  VWK  n«  np>  SD  ••ionn  )nn 

7  anb  i»«si  :ir«a  n^as  <no>  n«i  nni«  isi^^i  D^n^^s  ibv^i  invna^  mm 

s  ty  pity  om«  71  :VnnK  in^i  oaa  ^nopi  n«  ^  n«?D  pte^yn  a«  ppotf  10 
9 


min^o  L^«  a^eto  n^bty  vrvi  ni1?  n'^y  it^«a  ib  rvtoyh 
^S  wa  n^^-o  SD  nyT1  *6n  ji^fiti'1?  no«M  DB 
i1?  noNM  jan1?  wt^y  p.  si?  it^y  n^«3  an1?  itt«si  ii1?  15 


oa  vb  rasm  DT 
nbsm  inNip^  ij;nn  a^n^^i  ^n^>  nv  «a  «in  tyban  p 

nya  n^«  a^n^sa  rmvinr  by  nty«  a^nayn  m^nm  nur  nn 


monn 
nionn 


1  6 


18.17  «OSM  Pn    n»n  «inn  aipo    «np^  IT-O  snn       «i  nan    in-vaa  \TI  25 

nMtn  iT>i»nin  nywnn  n«  -jnay  n^a  r^ni  'nn«  IDKM  rmr  to  «ipsi  n«a 
19  'nba  ntr«  trnDsn  n«  o\nto  ypa^i  :a^-iyn  n^a  ^s:i  «»sa  ni»8  nnyi 
natr  «np  ]a  by  ^n^i  inn  a^ni  nt^i  as»  laoo  WSM 
jm»  nntoy  avwbs  ^a  b«nt^Tn«  BB^I  tntn  am  ny 

30 


mn  )IPOP  «a 

3  nb^tbn  ^n  ny  ]wop  aa»sti  nnwrini  <nan>  ipan  *n«  ny  i»«b  nb^bn 
nnan  ay  aya-'i  mwon  ^n^ai  Tyn  nyp  ninbia  m«M  nb^bn  ssna  ap^  35 
:)nan  sis  by  ip«  "inn  pan  to  aby^i  vsna  by 


n.4  'iia  n-'to  iby^i   :,T>bT  aopi  pity  bnia  n 

iniiia«i  ib  baii  nsai  bn:  mi  n»a  ^11  im«  sns  nb     otn  asntys  40 

6  nTan  ptyotr  to  nb^bn  na«ni  :*)aD  n«oi  fjto  ^«  ib  ]n:  i:ni«i  imuyb 

7  wnaN^  DN  JNPBP  n^bx  no«<ii  qni-iyb  ia«n  neai  bn:  ^ni  nea  ^  «i 
s  ^ia  nb  iby^i  :an«n  nn«a  Tiwm  wb 

:ana  ima«ni  ianh  vb 


14  -Kfrso-s^  D'BBitp  -^-©^eHo-  •  13,19  —  14,20 


mrrb  n»n  by  *?jn  nraon  n«i  n^yn  n:  n«  rmo  np*i  :^«^  Kim  13,  19 
mrr  isbo  Vrt  n»^n  naton  by&  an^n  niVya  vn  i^r^yb  w*b&&<n>  a 
iiy  *)Ds  K^I  :mnK  amis  by  Y?BM  own  maw  ntioi  naron  anba  21 
JKin  mm  *Kte  sa  rmo  yT  TK  int?K  bw  rmo  b 


5  lin^en    mrr  }>Dn      inty«      noKm  nr«i  n^n«  SD  nioi  mo  int^«      23 

n1?  K^ 


:ni.T 


nm«  inp  nnyi  n^ns  niaao  "niona  wan 

SI  3 


ton  o  ^b  np  nm«  YOK  b*  )ityoty  ION^I  nnyn 

15  D^nty^DQ  irpno  Kin  nwn.  SD  «sn  mnsa  ^D  iyT  «b  msi  raKi  pyya  4 

ixa^i  nnion  IJSNT  vaKi  II^D^  "Ti5."!  :^«"i^a  D^JW-O  DTIB^D  K^nn  nyai  n 

mns  nn  v^y  n^m  nnxnp1?  ixw  nm«  Tsa  nam  «nion  nsna  ny  6 


Tan 

nnnp1?  D^ 

20  "f?11!  rsa  "?«  imis>i  :  »am  m«n  nspa  nn»>an  my 
nspo  ^2  orb  Tin  K^I  iba«s<i  nn^>  jm  IISK  *?«i  raK 
ilyy^  p  o  nntwo  )ityoty  ntr  tyy^i  ntf  Kn  b&  irraS  nn^i  j  t^ain  mi  nnKn   s 
nn1?  IBKI  JWK  rn^i  n^yio  n^ty  inp^i   im«   DHIKID  M^  :omnan  12.11 
nntron  SDS  nyaty  ^V  nm«  n^n  nan  ns 


14 

e 
pino  «^  tpei 


25  in  x    DKI  :  «><«  s  >  no  13 

min  i1?  IIOK^  DH:Q  nis^n  n^tyi  n^no  o^iy  ^  on«  nnn:i 


30 


pi  noKm  ry  ]WD»  n»K  "jam  :<n>>n  i     nn«ip  li^in  16 
n:n  nb  IDK^I  »man  K^  ^i  ^ay  ^a^  »mn  m^nn  ^nan« 
35  \TI  nntron  on1?  rrn  I»K  DS»M  nyaty  vby  ^am  :TSK  ^  'man  *6  17 
iV  IIDX^I  :n»y  *tob  nvnn  lam  innp^n  ^  n1?  nn  sysatyn  ova  is 
ty  noi  »ano  pino  no  nvi^nn  «as  mtsa  7^a»n  nra  T 


nra 


40  i^m-'n  onKxe  Kb 

n«  np^i  tr«  n^ty  one  71  ]i^p»K  m  nin^  nn  vby  n^sni  19 

:v-^aK  n^a  by^  IBK  nn»i  nTnn  *vaxb  ms^nn  ]n^  = 

n^  nyi  ity« 


12,1—  13,  i8  -«4t8*«M+  B*ttW  4KM8»>-  13 


i2,«  *aaa  anbnb  may  yna  nns^b  na*n  miss  nayi  ansK  BPN  py»n 

2  BmbN  nnDs  na^i  :»«a  Tby  *ptw  "jma  -pay  robb  ntnp  Kb  libi 
onyt?in  «bi  D3<^»«  py?Ni  i«a  «^iay>  pay  ^ai  nsyi  ^«  VPTJ  an  t^« 

3  pay  ^a  te  may  w  ^aa  ••PBJ  na^si  y^ia  ^r«  -o  n«"i«i  :  BTB  vn« 

4  ba  n«  nns^  pap'i  pa  Bnbnb  ntn  am  sb«  Bivby  nabi  n^a  mrr  a:wi   5 


nnayo 
nnayo  b«  imantyM  im«  im«^  p  ia-6 


nya 


n«  ISB^I  yinn  p  via1?  *ran  nwa  B^^I  nsinn  n"?t?  nwa 

n^aa  lap^i  ]sa«  ne^  :Bsi^  15 


,2 

14.13  Dsia  a^yaiw  i1?  snsi  :s>hjp,Bn     n  p 


nna<3>  pny-jsa  nap^i  ^>»nynsn  7?n  )a  jnay  na^i  20 

is'^?^ 


i3,«  BTit^^B  Ta  niiT1  asm  mn11  si^ya  ynn  nwy^  hx-wr* 


2 

n  te  mn*1  "sbfi         :  2 


3  25 

4  ^a  ^a«n  tei  12^1  )".  Titrn  ^i  »*  ^bwn  nnyi  :p  m^i  mm  rn^ 


by  nby  *6  nniw  p  nn^i  mn  *jin  ^  :«etD 


mn  ^in  s?  IOKM  :     i^n  K?  IID»  n«i  «in  HID  ^«  in^n«ty  «i  30 
n\T<  a^n^K  TTi  ^  nxota  ba  ^asn  b«i  nattfi  ]«  ^n^n  ^«  nnyi  p 

maa  irijn  nnio  BV  ny 
no  linn  w^«  my  to 
maai  mt^a  natyr  «^m  naten  *?«  my  BNn^n  IN^D  «asi  mia 

«^  nani  pm  nty«n  inani  :  n»y  ]s«  35 
nn«  nwa  1^1  ap^i  i*te  ava  «a 

12  na  7""iai  «as  nny  nua  "iD«sti 

13  te  THOK  nty«  baa  maa  te  mm  -jKba  "ION^  nntyyai  nyn  astya  mm 

i  basn  *6  )^n  pia  «s^  n»«  baa  nats'n  nt#«n 
mm  "j«ba  te  m:o  no«<ii  natrn  nsnsis  n»«  ba  ba«n  te  n«at^  40 
1  6  «    ^nxyn  B«  niia  b«  m<m  "]«ba  laK^i  :a^y  na  T^sb  n^yii  *]m«  «: 
17  mm  i«ba  te  mia  IBK^  :[]  nabyn  mmb  nby  ntryn  a«i  -janba  ba« 
m  nab  mn^  «ba  ib 


«in  nirv  ^S'JD  '3  niao  J?T  x1?  ^  13,16 


12 


nny  pb  nnsr 
jnai  pisy 


^pt  nB8"i  : 


to 

'apt  ay  nn^      i  :nb>ya  p  -pana 
Bb  vim  ^D  ns  nns^ 
^  no 
np1?  SD 
nn^n  nnyi 
10  nns'  nc«  na  iV  ia*n  :p»y  s 


an« 


11,8—40 

itwo  nny  'to  an8a  n,s 
y 
to 

a8  ^s1 
BK 


ani8 


mi?  nn^y  inw  oyn 


12 
13 


nhvn  tn^i 


ny 


my  ^or1;  ID.  14 
s  n1?  «^»  16 

17 


nb8n  ^B  pma  ^8 

. 
ny 


mtao  8 
ntosn  tnxia  ^na  ]ii"i8  19 


nnyi  t 


pi  ps^ 


p  p"?2 


nn1?: 
by 


-aa 


^s  ay  an  ann 
ai  n^n^aa 
snn  nya  & 
s 
pay 


nn 


24 

^>a  n^ 
26 

27 
2s 

29 


0  pna  D8  "IB«SI  mns7  ma  nnss 
••aitra  ^nsnp1?  ^n^a  ^no  « 
pisy  ^a  "?8  nns^  nayi  :r6y  i.Tn 


nay  ny^:  HSSBBI  ny^a 


nyi  i^y  a-ntpy  n^aa  I8ia  nyi 

: 
35  n^haai  a^sna 


40 


annn 


n     n\m  ]isy  Mac  32 

nTa  mn^  ain^i  aa   vrkrk  33 

a  nsa  a^Bia  ^a8 

»s  ina  nam  irpa  ^8  n^sisn  nnss  «a^        34 
:na  18  ]a  <a>asB  A  ]' 
«n  j|i8i  •ony-on  yian 
73  n8  »nsSD  ^a8  vte  "ia«m 

i1?  nfcy  1^8  nn8  7DB  37 
nsin  nrn  nann  ^  nlry: 
pn^yii  ^aa8  il?ina  ty  3s 
:annn  ty  n^na  ^y  iam  n^niyii  39 
pn  -nm  <:^S8  nyT  81?  8\m  ma  itwt  ma 

niaa 


9,52  : 

54-53 

innnn 


57 


nns  ny  BWI  ia 


JIB  "3 


nn« 


nyan 


nya 


4.3 


nm 


p 


on1?  o 


n« 


n« 


vin« 


ntn  nrn 


15 


9  n 
^  n« 


12 
13 


16  n 

17  si 


n  n« 


n«i 


n« 


130 


min^a  D: 
mn1*  !?« 


n« 
^  si2  ipyn  n«o 


non  na  onina  i»« 


K  ipyn 
^i^1 
:ntn 


mm 


<>  25 


mm 


n«  ny^a  T?VI  nan  nato  p  wm 


rm 


35 


aits  p«a 
ny  pay  40 


na«n 


]a 


2  «? 

3  atys. 

4  '•aa  ifinV^i  D^O  \TI  nay 

n  nnp1?  lyba  ••apt  13^1  ^la*11  oy  )ifiy  sia  i&r6a  I 

6  :pay  "oaa  nonVai  i^p1?  la1?  »n« 

7  yna^  OK  rvaa  ^awi^m  ^niK  nnK:ty  DHK  vbn  ny*?a  ^apt^  nns^ 


10 

irva  ayi  byaT  ny  nrvfcy  n^anai  n&«3  am  :Nin  nasn«  sa  nstf  'bya  9,19 

PN  «sn  p«  BNI  :naa  «in  a:  nom  "[b^aNa  in&t?  nt'n  BWI  : 
rra&i  Bap  4y3B  PN  Nsm  Nibo  rra  n«i  nstf  sbya  n«  basrn 
n,^3K  -oso  at?  3tn  iTiN3  ib'i  ma"!  nnv  n:n   :-jb»<aN  n«  baNni  2. 
5  :WN 

nyn  nn  nvibN  nbtjn  :a^p  &6t?  5Sn^  ^y     O^SK  1^1        23.22 

ya   ^a^  24 


?3  n«  itri  annn  ^«n    y  Quango  DDty  s?ya      ID^I  :vn«  n« 
10  nte-aN^  ^i  Tna  nn^y  nay 

i«ssi  :DD^  ^ya  in  intsm  D3tra  naysi  vn«i  no>  p  tya  «n^        27.26 
te«M  an^n^K  n^a  isa^  D^iVn  ityy^i  -Dm  nn^oiD  n« 
may:  ^  DDty  soi  ibo^a«  ^  n<ay>  p  ^yj  -ie«^  :^a«  n 

n«  na^  n^ps  "?an  ^yaT  p 
n«  HTB«I  n^a  nm  ayn  n 
irn  *r<ay>  ]a  ^ya  nan  nK  n^yn  nt^  ^a 

n:n  no«V  no^>«o  'i^G^ax  *?« 
aym  nn«  rto$  mp  nnyi  :^^y  Tyn  n«  Qnsyt>  32 
Bym  Kin  nim  Tyn  Vy  ntDtrsi  asa»n  ^otrn  nnra  npaa  rrm  33 
20  qn^  «son  "«y«a  i1?  n^yi  7*?«  BS«»P 

nyans  nDty  by  m«^  nty  isy  n»«  oyn  bai  ^o^a«  np^i        34 
«  •«?»  Bym  ^o^a«  np^i  Tyn  iytr  nns  Tay^i  i<ay>  ]a  tya  «^^i  n1? 
annn  ^wie  TJ^  ny  nan  b^r  V«  i»«s<i  nyn  n«  by:  KTI  :a"i«on  36 
naib  bya  niy  «]B-vi  ja^i«a  n»vn  nns  annn  bs  n«  ^t  vte  37 
25  nos^  jB^iiiyo  pbx  Tino  «a  nn«  »«*n  p«n  "wae  ny»  nmv  ny  nan  38 
oyn  nr  «bn  linay:  ^a  ^Dsa«  ^o  na«n  ntrs  72  «IDK  n»»  ^t  V"?K 
nn^i  na{y  ^ya  ••isb  by:  «ssi  na  nnVrn  nny  «i  s^  n  »»riDNa  39 
a^'T>  nytyn  nns  ny  o^an  n^bn  ^B>I  visa  o:n  ibo^as  insnTi  41-0 


30  nsrn  ayn  n«  np^i  j'j'waNb  n*sn  mfcrn  ayn  KS^  nnnoo  \TI        43-42 
:B3!i  an^y  op^i  Tyn  ]o  KS»^  ayn  mm  «n^i  nnt^a  an«M  n^«n  ne6e6 
IB^D  D^snn  sitri  Tyn  nytr  nns  n»ysii  its^s  lay  nty«  o^snm  i^o^aw  44 
Tyn  n«  nD1?^  «mn  DIM  ba  Tya  onbi  -jbc^axi  :B«M  mlya  -IPN  ba  by  no 
tnbn  nynn  Tyn  n«  ^  :nn  na  TON  nyn  n«i 

35  "jb^aNb  n^i  :nna  b«  n^a  nns  b«  isa^i  ns^  bn:o  •'bya  ba  iyo^i        47-46 
ntyN  ayn  bai  Nin  ]iobs  nn  "jbo^aN  byM  :  DD{y  bn^o  ^bya  ba  isapnn  ^  48 
IMP  by  ater«i  nsly^  nssy  nDti?  nna11!  nsa  oiennpo  nx  "]b!^aK  np^  IPIN 
ba  aa  irnm  Piiea  it^y  nno  sn^y  nrvfcn  no  isy  ni?N  nyn  b«  ncN^i  49 
nN  an^by  w»n  nnsn  by  10^1  n,b»^K  nnN  iabsi  oivaip  trs«  nyn 

40  jn^Ni  P"N  ?)b«a  nDB'  bnjo  ^JN  bD  na  imo^  t?N3  nnsn 

n^yn  ^na  n^n  ty  bnaoi  :nnab^i  pna  )n^i  pan  bN  "jbo^aN  n,b^       -51.3 
u  by  ibyi  nnya  nan^i  Tyn  ''bya  ba^  nstyim  n^:«n  ba  not? 


28  (p)  Dlto?  9,24 


8,21—  9,  1  8  -«4i3«@-g<*  n 


8,21  n«  aw  pyna  Dpi  in-viaa  twa  ^  iaa  yasi  nn«  nip  ya&si  nat 

:anst?»a  -""IKED  15?K  otfinfcn  n«  np^i  yaofrc  nKi  nat 

22  v  "pa  p  aa  *pa  aa  nn«  aa  iaa  b^o  pjn  ' 

23  oaa  ^a  too'  *6i  naa  -«i«  ^DK  *6  pyna  on^K  "i»«si  :n°  TO 

jnaa  towy  m,T   5 

24  'Ota  ^  MP  nta  t^s«  ^  iim  n"?«ty  D3»  n^ 

na  not?  ID^I  n^n  n«  wns^  ]ni  pra  no«si  :nn 
26  ^  ant  m«B  j?au>i    ^«  b«tr  n^«  antn  sot 


27   «niy^   3  WPI  nis^a  rvya 
28 


vn  ]^"ii  nrpaa  a»M  t^«v  p     37  11 

31  iDty  n«  D^I  p  KM  DJ  ib  m^  D3^a  I»K  wi^si  nb  vn  man 

32  :an"iBj;a  va«  tsw  napn  naj?^  naio  na^a  PW  ]a  pyna  no^i  :^aK  15 

33  ^ya  nn1?  ia^i  nfynn  nnw  wt^i  ^KI»S  sia  m^i  pyna  no  I^«D  M^I 

34  VD  n^o  nniN  ^son  nn^K  mrr*  n«  ^KI^  sia  nat  vb\  :&rbvb  nna 

naion  ^>:o  P'jya^  n^a  DJ;  non  ifey  K 


B«  'n«  «  noat?   ysy  p 

2  oaa  b^»n  DD'?  a«s  no  mut  ^va  ^a  s:t«a  KJ  nan 
oan^ai  nsosy  sa  anian  nn«  I^K  caa  V^'o  n«  tyaT  si 

3  B»I  n^Kn  onann  "?a  n«  aat^  ^ya  b  ^t«a  vty  IOK 

4  nna  ^ya  n^ao  *]oa  n^atr  ^  wn^  :«in  WMK  noK  ^  *j^^a«  nn« 
n  i-«a«  n^a  KaM  :nn«  12^1  avn-vsi  n^pn  D^i«  •jteaK   nna 

p  nnv  nnp  nn«  pK  ^  tys«  ayap  ^37  sia  r 

6  nK  iast?os<i  D^I  Kite  n^a  fei  aa^  tyz  Va  IDD«SJ  :  sani  ^  )bpn 

7  TO^I   1^1   nnr^  n^^i   jna^a   n^«  ^aso<n'  ]ib«   DV  1^0^  -] 
yom  Dstr  ^j?a  ^K  lyttLy  anV  i»«s>i  Kip^i  ^ip  K^I  a^na  in 

s  na^j;  na«bo  m1?  noK^  i^o  nrvty  n^  a^j?n  ia^n  "]iVn  :n\-6K 

9  ^nD^ni  a^iKi  BVI^K  noa^  <i>a  ntr«  ^trn  n«  Ti^^mn  n^n  an1? 

n/  an1?  iBKni  ni^y  •'a'po  n«  ^  nasn1?  a^gn  noK^i  :a^j>n  by 

:a^yn  ^  jm^>   ••ns^m   naitsn  ^naian  nxi  ^pnn  n«  ^n^n=n  na«nn 
13.12  nK  vfrmn  pan  an'?  no«ni  twby  ^o  n«  ^b  isa1?  a^yn  noK^i  35 
14  ^K  B'syn  ^3  noKi  ja^yn  ^  yiab  ••na^m  a^asi  asn^«  nol?on 
OK  a^yn  b$  IBKH  noK^i  na^y  ^o  nns  ^ 
nBKn  p  t^K  sxn  )s«  a«i  ^sa  inn  IKS  aa^y 
1  6  naiB  a«i  ^e^aK  n«  D^om  ansb>y  a^nai  na«a  ax  nnyi 
17  aa^y  -«aK  an"?a  I^K  n1?  an^y  ns  "?ioaD  BKI  in^a  nyi  ^yay  ny  nm?y  40 
is  nrn  ^aK  n^a  by  nncp  nn«i  :)HD  TO  nan«  ^?i  naao  wbi  ns  ^M 
by  in»N  p  •jte'aK  nK  la^oni  nns  pK  by  wx  n-'yaty  vaa  ns  iainm 


8,ni>  (3)  "nti?n  "ax  8,32 

Jud.  2 


8  -«B3«<9'8$-  D'BBItf  -^SJ>^J*«-  7,16—8,20 


n«  prw        7>i 

mm  ittyn  pi  win  saa&  nn^N  natw  :n^sn  "[inn  nn^i  n'pn  17 
toi  S3i«  ism  Tiypni  :]ifcyn  p  nt?y«  -HMO  rvm  nan&n  nspa  «a  is 

mrr?  amaNi  nanan  to  maoo  nns  na  nnsit?a  nnypni  sn« 
5  "j«  naia^nn  mb^sn  p«i  nanan  nspa  in«  nty«  tmn>  n«e^  pyn:  «3^i  19 


vnnn  ^«  nojn   jpyni  mn     »  i«npM  jripn1?  nnswn  Diw  21 
nnsiBM  mH&n*  »?s?  in^i  no»w^  in^  nanon  "73      vi  nino"?  22 


pi  n^«  pi  ^nsao    wity'1  P'N  py»w  :na^   y  nino    ?«  snsty  nv?  23 
m  nox1?  nns«  nn  'ran  pjna  n^  D^«^OI  jpa  nn«  IBTIM  nts>io  24 
a  pysn  JI-IM  n«i  ma  no  ny  o^on  n«  nn^  na^i  p 


n«         nty  ii»  nai  jTn  n«i  ma  rva  ny  anan  n« 


a>vj; 
tys« 

naa  nny  wtoy  no  an^K  i»«^i  Jnpma  in«  )iansi  pan  nnVn1?  na^?n  2 
n«  pa  nfc  n«  a\n^N  ]n:  nan^a  n?j;sa«  Tsna  ans« 
20  "iann  nana  i^yo  ann  nnst  TN  naa  nifey  <inte^  nai 


IOI  n^:y  ins 

on  nsB:y  o  ^aia  "IPK  Dyb  nn1?  nnaa  «:  ian  mao 

nat  fjan  mao  nty  <na«^  :pa  <Dte  V^1??1  n^1  '~ir|N  <T'">"1  6 
25  nm  nat  n«  nin^  nna  la1?  pjnn  na«<ii  ^n1?  -jKas^  ]w  sa  *]nsa  nny  7 

«T  nanan 


n«  yhK  Dit?a  ^awa  IDS?      liB  ^as?  na  naKs<i  :niaD  ^a«  9 

:ntn 

30  "?ao  nnman  to  rpx  *\wy  ntyona  nay  an^anai  ij^ipa  yaa^si  nan 
]iyna  "?y^  :ain  *jSw  t^K  *)^«  ante^yi  n«o  a^&vam  mp  -^aa  nano  n 
nvi  nanoni  nanan  n«  71  nnaa^i  naa1?  anpa  ............  "j"n 

nat  n«  ]HB  ^a  sat?  n«  na^i  nnnn«  *JTI^  yaobsi  nat  IDWI  :ntaa  12 
......  non^cn  p  »KV  ]a  pyna  a^i  nnnn  nanon  toi  yao^t  n«i  13 

35  n^apt  nsi  man  nt?  n«  i^«  ana^i  in^t^i  nian  ^a«a  lya  na^i  :.  ,  .  .  14 
nnsin  nt^K  ya^si  nat  nan  "ION^  nian  ^a«  "?«  «a^i  :»^«  nyatri  n^yat?  m 
^sy^n  7120*6  |na  sa  "]Ta  nny  yaaton  nat  «]an  IBN^  sn»v«  16 
n«  ana  «p**n  n^apnan  n«i  nanan  ^ip 


«i  nat    «  ia«si  :Tyn  ^a«  n«  ann^i  ^na    «ias     :o  n«i  18.17 
40  ••aa  isna  nn«  6a>  aniaa  7»a  II»«M  liana  nnann  ity«  n^a«n  »«V2««« 
:nan«  ^nain  «b  am«  nn^.nn  i1?  mn^  ^n  nn  ^»K  ^a  ^n«  IOK^  n^on  19 
nya  lamy  o  KT  ^a  nin  nyan  f]1?^  «^  nm«  ain  mp  maa  nn 


13V  8,4 


6,29—7,15  -one-***-  tWDiW  4M»«ei»»- 


6,29  v*v  p  pjrn  new  wpa^  ranTi  ntn  wri  nfey  so  injn  bx  wx  new 
b  n«  pna  ^  nbM  "pa  n«  Ksin  p«r  ^«  T-yn  nw«  new  :  ntn  nmn  nfcy 
31  vty  ney  TON  teb  BW  "lew  n^y  "i»«  mtf«n  ma  -01  *?yan  nare 
DK  -ipnn  ly  nev  T?  an^  TOK  w>w  pywn  nns  DM  byib  pann  on«n 
a  *?yan  la  aT  -i^x1?  ^vnT  wnn  ova  i^  «np^i  ta^  n-r  wn  &rb*  5 


34.33 

nnnw  itraN  pyn  nsitrn  vpn^  pyna  n«  n^ 

nn«  wn  DJ  pj?ri 

10 


36  :man  n»«a    «^^  n« 

37  p«n  te  byi  pi-na^  man  hy  rvrv  h&  n«  jnjia  n&sn  r»a  n«  :^o  ^ai«  mn 

38  mnioo  na»^  p  \TI  :man  itr«a  b«n^  n«  nsa  r^in  sa  vivn^  anh 

39  D^nVsn  V«  )ij;n:  nn«M  :D^»  "?sDn  ««»^o  man  p  ^o  V0'"1  n^n  ns  "ltsT<1 
Sj?"  anh  «i  w  maa  cyan  pi  tu  nDi«  nysn  IK  man«i  sa  "JBK  ini  b«  >  5 

»  anh  vn  «wn  n^Va  p  n%n^«  t^y^  J'TLO  n\n^  p«n  "to  tyi  ma1?  man 

:^B  n\i  p«n  te  ^yi  ma^>  man  ^y- 
Tin  ]^y  by  urn  in«  i^«  ayn 
nyn  an 


nyn 

4  oyn  Tiy  ]iyna  ^«  nim  TONM  :vwi  n^V«  ni^yi  ^K  n^i  nn^y  nyn 
nt  T"?N  n»«  i»«  n^m  D»  ^  WBIS«I  DsDn  ^«  an^«  run  an 
n^  «^  «in  "jay  ^  $b  nt  7^  n»i?  nw«  tei  *]ns  ^  «in 
n^on  p  iiit^^a  p^  IPN  te  pyna  ^>«  mn^  "io«^i  a^on  ^«  cyn  25 


6  mn^  cnoia  by  iyia  cyn  nn^  tei  tys«  m«»  ^»  []  D^ppbDn  IBDO 

7  nan«  yw«  n^ppVisn  B^KH  niso  e^^a  i^yna  bN  mn^  no«^i  J«[P 

s  DTa  ayn  <>»^>  nK  inp^i  na»vpttb  tr^s  ID^  oyn  bai  *jTa  ]HO  n«  ^n 

ty^«  te  n«i  nnwiDW  n«^  30 
nnnD  i1?  mn  i^is  nanai  pnnn 
:rv»a  vnni  ••a  nanoa  TI  Dip  mns  v*?«  i^i  «inn  n"?^a  \n^ 

nyatyi  :nan»n  "?«  *]iya  msi  nn«  TI  nrh  nn«  sn*1 
n^p  b$  nya  nisi  «in  TVI  nanoa  mn^i  71^  naptnn 
12  ^s  nn»a    a'l'?  nan«3  pDjn  o^&vi  onp  ^aa  bai  p^yi  ^nai  tnanoa  35 
«3  mVn  inyi1?  IBDD  ty«  nani  pyna  «a^i  taib  o\n  nsty  byw  Vina 
«asi  )ne  nan&a  -jennD  nnyiy  nnb  Ws  nani  vtcbn  Di^n  nan 
H  ain  DK  ^nba  n«t    « 


iT-a  o\T;«n  )na  ?«nti's  w$  ty«T>  ]a  ]iyia 
nano  b«  at»^  inn^i  nat?  n«i  mbnn  ISDD  ns  pyna  yb^a  40 

nano  n«  oaTa  nin^  )na  s 


8-e»ei*>*-  5,31—6,28 

nsp  <i>^n»v«i  mm  7a<iN  to  nato  p  5,31 


tyni  :BUP  yat?  p»  Ta  mm  Bam  mm  Tya  jnn^nt^  ua  it?yi  6,2.« 
anna  IS?N  nnnisn  nN  bx*\w  ua  on!?  it?y  p»  USB  tont^  ty  pna  T 

10  Dip  \>:n  p^yi  pa  nbyi  b»w  jnt  DN  mm  :nm»n  nNi  nnjjan  nNi  3 

nw  *6i  my  -jNia  ny  pNn  to  n«  in^nt^i  nn^v  ww  n^y  i^yi  4 

^13  ixavv  nn^n«i  ^y  on^poi  nn  ••D  mom  iwi  nty-i  ^«niy>3  rrnp  n 

i«»  ^«n^  ^^  :nnntj6  fisn  wm  ISDD  )^«  nn^o^i  nn'?!  yh  nm«'n>  6 

by  mn11  b«  b«nt^  si2  ipyi  ^D  \IM  :n^n^  "?«  ^s-iB"  sin  ipyt^  po  ^DD  7 

i5  mrp  no«  na  nr6  ics-11!  ^«i^  ^3  ^«  K^}  »••«  nin^  n^i  tp-p  nnfc  s 


ns  DD    nin«i  oa^so  nnw 

K  Da"? 


msjn  i^«  n?«n  nnn 

mrp  ^ste  i^«  «IM  :]no  USB  our£  nsa  n^tsn  taaw  iia  )iyn?i  12 
iyn:  v"?«  IBK^  :^nn  in:  i»j;  mrp  wi<  13 
nso  n»«  vni*6s}  !?a  ns.«i  n«r  to  unwtB 
mm  li^Bi  nnj;i  mn1  iiVj;rj  14 


25  UIN  sa  IK  no«^i  n^nn1?     K^n  )n»  ^ao    «n^  n«  ny^ini  nt  in'aa  IB 

nsa  16 
17 
18 

vimm  snn:o  ns  Tixsim  7*?«  ^">a 

3o  insa  Dt»  piom  toa  D^  nl^an  n«B  nap  nsw  D^V  na  t^vi  «a  pp^  19 
n«i  it^an  n«  np  <nins>  ^s^o  I^K  "ION^I  :tm  n^«n  nnn  ^K  r^«  NSW  3 
JIN  mm  IN^B  n^^i  :p  tyy^i  7-3^  pn»n  Jitn  tVn  yton  ^>N  mm  man  21 
nN  toNni  iwn  ]B  tr«n  ^ym  n^oai  nl^aa  ym  n^a  IITN  ni^an  nsp 


«m  mn^  -JNB  •'a  pyna  NTT  :vry»  ^n  mm  "JN^DI  nisan  nsi  nt^an  22 
35  :DUD  ^N  nus  mm  ^N'TB  WN"I  p  "?j;  sa  mns  TIN  nn«  pyna  IBN^I 
mm^  nato  ]ivii  aty  p>i  :mon  N^>  NTH  ^N  "]*?  Di1?^  mm  ^  IBN^I  24.23 

:ntjjn  sa«  niDj;a  laniy  ntn  nrn  iy  niVtr  mm  ^  Nip^i 
.  .  .  7aN^>  I^N  <]B>pn  is<n>  nN  np  mns  i1?  noN^i  Ninn  n^to  NTT        na 
i^j?  nt^N  nn^Nn  nNi  ^aN1?  I^N  Vyan  n?»B  nN  nonm  ........... 

4o  JIN  nnp^i  nanjtoa  ntn  nyan  trNi  by  •pn'rN  mn^  naro  nuai  ;  man  26 
bfy  pyni  npM  :man  iBf«  rn^Nn  ^ya  nSy  n^ym  ^tyn  nsn  27 
nNi  raN  n^a  nN  NT  nt^Na  \TI  mn11  V!?K  nan  ntrNa  t?ysi  mayo 
nato  YF\)  nim  ipaa  n^yn  ^iN  iB^a^M  :  nb^b  tyy^i  noi11  mtyy»  Tyn  28 
n:an  naton  "?y  n^yn  ^trn  isn  nNi  nmb  i^y 


5,4—30 


prn  i3jn  nyba  5,17 


mob  wsa  *p.n  oy 
rona  Vy  • 


is 


183  19 


ty  la 


10 


n  ion1?:  n^ty  p 
ny 


DID 


nnm 


20 


:n8on  mnpn 


23 


24 


PIT  26 


npno 


nnpn 


nsptra  )iVnn  nys  28 


35 


1331 
'•DVB 


29 


8^3 


40 


Dinom 


«1D"D      26 


am  n 


*  * 


n8"p 


nnhs 


ipoi  fy 
mrr  nipns  i-uv 


mm  my  my  12 
my 


nv»  t8  13 
v>  mn^  &yj 

nns8  ...  14 
p»\p  ..... 

HT  T30  si» 


oy  n3«^ 
pi3  5)3? 


neb  16 


24 


TD  nt 


4  -~>H3«©-§<»  D'BBltf  -m>»5J*>-  3,30—5,3 

tow  T  nnn  Kinn  ora  a«io  yjsm  :&?\s  atei  *6i  ^n  w»  bai  JOB?  ba  3 


ipan  noon  t^N  rows  BW  DTIBB  n«  71  n:y  p  "I§B#  mn  nn«i        3i 

5 


mm  onatn  :n&  iingi  mm  ^ya  yin  nwyV  tow  ^n  IB-WI        4,2.« 

n^ina  atsr  Kim  NID^D  was  n^  msm  ^o  n^«  )yia  -]"?»  pa* 
10  ^a  n«  |>nV  Kim  ^  "?t-ia  asn  nwo  y&r\  sa  mn^  •?«  ^«it?>  ->ia  ipys^i  3 

npma  ^«iLy^  4 


pi  noin  ]sa  mm  ion  nnn  na»^  «MI 
p  pna"?  «ipm  n^trm  JtasjyD'?  JVFMF  ^jn  n-«5«  i^y^i  D^BK  ina   6 
man  ina  nDtyoi  ^  ^snt^  ^n^s  niiT  nis  «^n  V^K  lowm  ^nsi  ^nj?o 
15  frii  ^«  7^«  snati>ai  :jftai  siaoi  ^nsi  ^ao  t^«  n^D^«  nn^y  ^y  nn'^   7 


lain  n«i  pa-1  «a^  n^  fcoo'c  n«  ]w^p  8 
xb  n«i  -"na^m  ^y  ^a^n  n«  pia  n^«  9 
"pin 

I'piat  n«  pia  pyn  :n^np  pna  ay 
20  -mm  :  mm  wy  "?ym  ITK  " 


n«  ntr«  n^ysa  )i«  ny     n«  BJI  ntris  )n»i"n  aan 

man  in  Dyisa«  p  pna  n^y  sa  KID>  n»^i  ;trnp  i3.I2 

nyn  Va  n«i  bna  aan  m«o  ytrn  iaan 
nr  •o  nip  pia  to  n»ai  io«m  :piyp  i4 

25  nnn«  w$  n^sto  nn^yi  inn  in»  pia  ITI  ^^s1?  KS11  mm  «^n  *]Ta 
SID^D  ITI  pna  MS^>  «  ninen  ^a  nxi  aain  ^a  n«i  SID^D  n«  mm  nmi  IB 
nahn  iy  runon  nn«i  aain  nns  <]Ti  pnai  n^jia  D^I  naaion  ^>yo  16 
v^ia  Di  NID^DI  nn«  ny  i«tyi  «^  ain  ^s'?  NID^D  mno  b  ^B^I  n^wn  17 
nan  n^a  ]m  nsn  -j%)  )^as  |sa  ai1?^  SD  Tj§n  nan  nty«  by;  bns  to 

30  arm  to  ^to  miD  ^IK  niio  vto  IOKW  «ID^D  n«ipb  ^  «sm  p"rpn  is 
^a  D^O  tsyo  «i  ^pBTi  mto  iass<i  :na^toa  ino 
nns  *i&y  (Tto  ia«<ii  nnoani  inpt^ni  a'jnn  >»x'i  n«  nnsm 
^rt  npni  :)s«  moKi  L^N  ns  ^n  i»«i  "jtotyi  xa*1  w»  DM  mm  bnsn  21 
ypnm  a-^a  vto  ««»am  rrra  naj?»n  n«  o^m  bn«n  im  ns  ian  n{y« 

35  n«  *)»n  pia  nim  :nbsi  ^jrv  nnn:  «im  p«a  nasm  inpia  in\n  n«  22 
typaD  nn«  ity«  ty^n  n«  ;|«i«^  -jb  ib  io«ni  i  t 

n«  «inn  ov>a  Q^nto  yia»i  nnpia  nmm  n»  ^B-M  «ID^D  mm  mto 


ID  ]^as  ns  imian  itr«  iy 
40 


Ninn  nva  ny^as  p  piai  mm  i^m  s,« 

5,5  toitra  myis  ylsa  2 

iaia  ny  aunna 


2,23  —  3.29 


2,23  rn^Kn  a^ian  nK  mm  ra^i  JK*?  QK  anm  nat?  iPKa  aa  na^  mm 

T»a  Dim  K?I  ina  npmn 


mm  man  TOK  a^an  nton 


2  TOK  pi  nante  moVb  to-it^  *aa  mrr  -  jya^  pi  MVi3  nian?a  ^D  n«   5 

3  in  new  vn>nm  tfrsrn  ••ayaan  fei  DTIB^B  ^D  nt?»n  :DIJTP 


4  nj;iV  ^«i^s  nw  an  niDi^»  vn^  tnon  «n^  nj?  ponn  ^a  ini? 
ai  :rwo  Ta  onn«  n«  •  ms  ntt'«  mn^  rtso  n« 
n«  inp^i  PDUTO  ^nm  ^nsm  nb«m  ^nn  ^visn  aipa 


10 


7  nayn  arrn«  mn^  n«  ina^i  nin^  ^a^a  pn  n« 
s  D-riyBh  ^a  n^a  QID»SI  V«ntyo  msr  «)«  nnn 
9  '•aa  ipyri  :nsa&?  nabty  D^Lyi  ^ia  n«  bxw  ^aa  naj?M  anna  DIN     a  JS 
rap  p  ^«^anj;  n«  nv^ri  ^«ijys  ^aaV  JW 
n«  BB^  mns  nn 

IT  tv^^  Q"»«  1^  n-'nvtyn  jtsha  n«  n^a 

nat? 


12  prn^i  mn^  ^pya  y-n  nityv     «n^s  ^aa  IB-WI  nap  p  ?«sanj; 

13  *jD«si  tmrr  ^ya  y-in  n«  i{j>v  sa  Vv  ^"i^s  ty  ^KIO  ^Vo  p^ajj  nw 

V  n«  <>Bn^  V«ity>  n«  71  ^  pbovi  p»V  ^^  n« 
-«aa  ipvn  tnaty  n^  na»'biy  a«^o  •jtos  p!?ajj  n«  ^«niys  ••aa  25 
•wn  p  «na  p  n?n«  n«  y^io  an^  mns  n^i  rnrr 

16  saty  nto  am  mn«  i1?  tyy^i  :a«i»  ^o  \fyyb  nnao  n^a  ^«i»s 

17  nnaon  n«  anp«i  na^  TT>  ^  v^iof?  nnrio  nnw  nan^  nDi« 
is  nyn  n«  nb^i  nnaen  n«  anpn^  nVa  n^«a  \TI  :[]  a«io  I 

19  sl?  ino  "ian  "io«s<i  ^a^an  n«  n^«  n^^Dsn  )»  a»  «im  jnnaen  ^iw-a  30 
3  Him  vto<  «a  mn«i  n^v  a^D^n  b  i^yo  i«ss>i  an 
ap'-i  7^»«  ^  Dsn^«  nan  T.HK  "itt«s<i  na1?  i1 

21  nypM  wo11  TT«  byn  annn  n«  np^i  ^«oly  T 

22  ijto  «^  ^  c[a]^anbn  nva  a^nn  naa^i  anVn  nn«  asan  aa  «'as<i  naeaa 
24.23  N2P  Kim  tPnya  ns^j?n  r\\rfn  naa^i  »namosn»  THK  «s^  :«  laaao  annn  35 

n«  Kin  7«o^  IK  n»«n  m^»va  nst?yn  nin^n  nani 
na  wpsi  n»byn  nin'n  nn«v3  iaa^«  nam  »ia  ny 

26  onanonn  ny  Btea  ninsi  :no  nsiK  ^&va  a.Ta'iK  nam  inns^i  nnsgn  n« 

27  nnsK  ina  isitya  ypn^i  i«na  wi  :nm^n  ID^I  a^^asn  nK  nay  Kim 

28  )na  o  nnK  I<>TI  D.T^K  IBKM  jan^as^  «im  inn  p  VKiir1  ^aa  isj?  HTI  40 
pTn  nnaya  n«  na^i  nn«  HTI  aaTa  a«io  n«  BD-OMN  nK  mns 

29  t^^K  a^K  rrtoyz  Ksnn  nya  a«io  nK  D;I  nay^>  ty^K  lana 


23  (3)  -INO  «"na  »•>« 


-«H8«o@-g<»  D'BBW  «§•©»»*>-  1,28—2,22 


pm  sa  VPI  1,29.28 

nua  ianpa  'ijjian  am  ina  atwn  ^iyian  n«  t?mn 
mpa  ^iyian  aan  ttni  ^a^r  n«i  pitap  'atw  n«  tsmn  *6  )"6iat  b 
n«i  aVns  n«i  pTx  sat?r  n«i  isy  ^aw  n«  t?mn  N*?  "itf«  500"?  wn  31 
5  p«n  'atsT  'iyian  nipn  n^«n  a»M  :»ni  n«i  p'DN  n«i  nnbn  nsi  rtD«  32 
ruy  nsa  iiaBM»<i  n«i  t?&t?  nsn  ^BM^  n«  »mn  *6  ^nsi  twmn  «b>  ^  33 
nn1?  vn  nij;  n^i  PBP  n^n  ^BNVM  ^n«n  ^ty»v  siViDn  aipa  n^i 


mnn  T  ^n  n«  •nbsn 

inn  rQ«6 

36 


15  s1?1!  ]«hn  Dn^mnnte  nsrn  p«n  ^^v^  nna  WIDH  s1?  nnsi 
DD"?  vm  DS^BB  am«  truK  «^?  ^mo«  nai  :nn^y  nxt  no  ^ipn 

nmn  n«  mn^  -j«^  1112  M^I  :^piai?  DD^J  I\T  Drrrfon  D^<-I>^  4 
«inn  Dion  ntr  isiM  nan  n'ri    n«  Dn  iNl^i  ^«n^  sin  ^D  ^«   n 


:p«n  n«  ntn1?  in^ni^  wx  btm^  s»  D^I  nyn  n«  ^in11  n^ah         6 

nn«  w  Dn«n  n»«  n^iptn  ^"  ^DI  y^in11  ^»s  ^D  mn^  n«  nj?n  nny^   7 

25     ins  na^i  :f?«i»^  rw?  n^«  ^n:n  nffp  niy>»  to  n«  ito  n^«     ^rr  s 


n«  utjn   tmn^  n«  ID^DM  an1? 


Din  ruoro  m?m    a»  inw  nnp^i  :tnv  n^jji  n«o  p  mn^  iay  pi  p  9 
in  np^i  rnnw  ^K  isosi  smn  "inn  ^o  DJI  :^v^  "in1?  psso  nns« 

mrv  nx  I^T  K^>  "itr«  nnnn« 
yn  ynn  n«  ^n^  si2  wn        12.11 

13 

ap^i 

Dni«  ID^I  asa»w  nsa  Dim    ntro  mn^  *)«  nn^i        H 
na  nn\n  nins  T«  iwr  i»«  ^aa  :ansa^M  "ie^  "i&y1?  niv  ^as  «^  a^aDB  10 
35  mrr  ap^i  nwo  anb  iss;  an'?  nin^  yat^i  nty«ai  mn1  "an  n^«a  njn^  16 
•nns  lit  ^a  lycjy  *6  an^BDW  ^«  Bii  :an^D'i»tr  TB  aiy^vi  B^BDW  17 

no  an^>  nnnt^i  ann«  a^nV« 
ny  nin^  n^m  a^&w  an1?  mn^  n^pn  -01   :p  itry  «*?  mn-1  is 

anpsiB  nin^  an^  ^  tsewn  ^B^  Va  an^w  I^B  ay^m 
40  n^K  nn«  na1?1?  ama«e  in^ntym  ia«>^  eswn  maa  rrm  tBiTpn-vm  19 
tntrpn  aaiTBi  an^VyjsB  i^sn  vh  an1?  mnntynto  anaj;^  ann« 

nrn  ^iin  nay  nt^x  jy  "iB^"11!  ^«itra  nin1*  *]«  "in^  = 
n^iDB  ^s«  ismrfc  ^ai«  «V  si«  a:  p"?ip^  iyB^  «"?i  ama«  n«  TMS  21 
an  anccwn  hvw  n«  aa  ntDi  )yB^>  :nbsi  y^in^  ary  n^«  a^n  22 


i,«  la1?  nby  ^o  10*6  m.Ta 


saa     «tn  ytinrr  nio  nn«  YP  g* 

2  ^nna  nan  ."6y  mw  m,T  10^1  na  pnVn^  n'pnna  ^ayaan  ^ 

3  non'jai  ^»aa  sn«  rby  vn«  pyoB6  min^  nofcw  :rra  p«n  fl 

4  rrttiT  tyM  •  yop  WK    ^i  "^>iua    HN  "OK  oa  ^na^rn  s:yaDn  1  1;      t 


pnsn  n«i 
ifb 
nnn 


n«  is'1!  n 

ah 

vn 


ptaa  pta  "OIK  n«  wso^i    '  v  ' 

rn*oi  vin«  IDTPI  pra  sai«  on 
nn^an  nnn^  maha  n^a^o  n^yaLy  pra  -OIK 


n  n«i  ain  ^  nia^i  am«  na^i 


aaam  inn 


W  ns  ISM  yan«  msp  D^as?  pan  nt^i  ]nana  atyvn  ••ayaan  ?«  rnirp 
n  nsp  nnp  n^as^  Tan  C^T  Tan  ^atyi11  "r«  DU>D  *^»M 

12  :,T^K^  ^na  noag  n«  ib  ^inai  ana^i  ISD  nnp  n 

13  :n^«^>  ina  no^j;  n«  ^  jrri  laoo  ]bpn  a^a  ^n«  rap  p  ^s^anj;  ma1?^  15 


sar\na  aaan 


nana  ^  nan  i1?  io«m  :      no  aba 


17 
is 


1  6  []  o  nnio  mins  saa  n«  nnonn 

n«  12^  vn«_pj;o^  n«  mm11  11  :<sp>oyn  n« 
;  n«  min^  na^i  :nonn  Tyn  nty  n«  «ipsi  amw 
19  mins  n«  m,T  \i^i  :a^iaa  n«i  pipy  n«i  a^na  n«i  p^pty«  n«i  a^iaa 
tonb  'ptia  aai  ^a  pogn  ^a^^  n«  »mn^  ^a^  *6  ^a  inn  n«  »>M 
3  :pa»n  ^aa  r\wbw  ns  D^D  t^in  n^o  iai  IITND  pan  n«  aba^  lan^i 

D^IT  a^v  sDia\n  n«i  25 

:nm  nvn  iy 
23.22      I  >«v      \  wi  :D»      ,Ti    »      nn 


21  p^aa  ^aa  n«  ""Dia^n  aty^i  p^aa  ••aa 


24  n«  «a 
na  am  '•B 

26  «ip^i 

27  n^rnaa 


n«  is11!  Tyn  «iao  n«  DNIM  non  ^oj;  la^yi  Tyn 
n^nnn  p«  t^^«n  -^i  nrS»  innBtfo  "?a  n«i 
n^a  ns  ntrao  tynin  K^I  :nm  arn  iy  aosy  sin 

aBM^  n«i  n^vaa  n 
rprnaa  nsi  nao  satyr  n«i  nwaa 


1,16  (a) 


Jud. 


2320 


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