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THE STATE HOUSE
BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS
ELLEN MUDGE BURRILL
" 'Boston State House is the Hub of the Solar System '
— Oliver Wendell Holmes
[Second Edition]
PRINTED UNDER THE DIRECTION
OF THE SERGEANT-AT-ARMS BY
ORDER OF THE GENERAL COURT
BOSTON: WRIGHT AND POTTER PRINTING COMPANY
STATE PRINTERS : IS POST OFFICE SQUARE : 1905
THE STATE HOUSE
INTRODUCTION
THE State House Guide Book was originally
written at the request of the late Captain
John G. B. Adams, Sergeant- at- Arms, who
approved it only a few days before his death. The
first edition was printed by order of the General
Court of 1901, and the present edition, the second,
is now published under authority of chapter 18,
Resolves of 1905. If any inaccuracies are dis-
covered, the author will be very grateful if they
may be pointed out to her.
The book is arranged in four parts. In the
first it has been my endeavor to mention briefly
the various alterations in the State House since its
erection in 1795. The second guides the visitor to
the places of interest in and about the building.
The third part is confined to the political and mili-
tary record of those in whose honor a bust, oil
painting or statue has been placed in the capitol.
The fourth contains a list of the departments.
I am very happy to take this opportunity of ex-
tending my thanks to Mr. David T. Remington,
Intro-
duction
THE STATE HOUSE
Intro-
duction
Sergeant-at-Arras, under wliose direction tiie second
edition has been completed, to Mr. C. B. Tillinghast,
State Librarian, and the many others who have so
cheerfully and generously aided me in my research.
ELLEN MUDGE BURRILL.
Lynn, Mass., March 27, 1905.
THE STATE HOUSE
THE STATE HOUSE
The hill upon which the State House stands
was originally called Treamount, owing to the
" three little rising hills on the top of a high
mountain on the north west side of the town."
This "high mountain" extended from the head of
Hanover Street, south-westerly to the water beyond
the State House. It retained the name of Trea-
momit until used as a look-out where the colonists
' ' kept watch to foresee the approach of forrein
dangers, ■" when it was called Sentry Hill. After
the erection of the Beacon, in 1635, it received
the name of Beacon Hill. Of these " three little
rising hills " the first was called Cotton, after-
wards Pemberton Hill, the central peak Sentry or
Beacon Hill, the tliird peak West or Copley's Hill
and later Mt. Vernon, but for many years tlie
name of Beacon Hill has included the three jjcaks.
In accordance with a resolve of the General
Court, dated Feb. 16, 1795, Edward II. Itol)liins,
Speaker of the House of Representatives, Tliomas
Dawes and Chai-les Bulfinch Avere appointed agents
on the part of the Conuuonwealth, with autliorit}-
History
THE STATE HOUSE
History to erect, liuild iiinl liiii.^li ii ii(;\v .Stiile House for
the " accoiiinioihition of all the le<;islative and execu-
tive branches of ^^overnnuMit, on a spot of ground in
Boston, commonly called the Governor's pasture,
containing about two acres, more or less, adjoining
to his heirs, — provided the Town of Boston would,
at (Iieir expense, purchase and cause the same to
be conveyed in fee sim2)le to the Commonwealth."
The sum of £8,000 was allowed for the jjurpose.
The town purchased the property for £4,000, and
AMlliam Tudor, Charles Jarvis, John C. Jones, "Wil-
liam Eustis, William Little, Thomas Dawes, Joseph
llussell, Harrison G. Otis and Perez Morton were
appointed comiiiissioners to convey the " (Jovernors
pasture*' to the Commonwealth. The deed was
dated May 2, 1795. Charles Bulfinch was chosen
architect.
The corner-stone — on a truck, decorated with
ribbons — was drawn to its place hj fifteen white
horses, each with a leader, and was laid, with jjublic
ceremonies, July 4, 1795, by His Excellenc}' Samuel
Adams, Governor, assisted by M. AV. Paul Revere,
(J rand Master, K. W. William Scollaj', Deputy
(Jrand Master, and brethren of the Grand Lodge of
Masons. The structure was 172 feet front, 60 feet
deep, 110 feet high, including the dome, and cost,
as per resolves fi'om Feb. 16, 1795, to June 22,
THE STATE HOUSE
1799, $140,000. This sum included the cost of a
house for the Messenger to the General Court, which,
with land, amounted to $5,000, leaving for the State
House $135,000 (Auditor's report for 1849),
Thursday, Jan. 11, 1798, the General Court
assembled for the last time in the old State House,
State Street, where their sessions had been held
for fifty years, and at 12 o'clock, noon, having
been joined by His Excellency Increase Sumner,
Governor, and the Honorable Council, marched
to the new building.
In accordance with a resolve of March 10, 1831,
fire-proof rooms were added to the building, at a
cost of about $7,000. A resolve of Feb. 24, 1847,
appropriated money for the payment of expense
incurred b}' placing the ' ' Massachusetts coat-of-
arms " over the Speaker's chair in the House of
Representatives, agreeable to an order of the House
passed March 27, 1846. Fountains were erected
on the lawn in 1849.
For the better accommodation of the State Li-
brary and other departments, a resolve was passed.
May 20, 1852, providing for the appointment of a
committee of three ' ' to procure plans and estimates
for a fire-proof building to be erected in the rear
of the State House." April 27, 1853, it was voted
that a fire-proof building should be erected on the
north side, to be connected witli tlie main edifice.
History
THE STATE HOUSE
History and (lie sum of $00,000 was ai)|»r()])riiiUMl for lln-
payment of expenses of such erection. Tlie (Jov-
ernor, with the advice of the Council, was autlior-
ized to a])i)oint tliree commissioners who should
suj.erintend tlie erection of tlie structure, and
Charles II. Warren, President of the Senate, John
T. Heard and Samiael K. Hutchinson Avere selected,
a majorit}' entering upon their duties June 2, 1853.
The following month ]\Ir. Heard declined the
appointment and Adam W. Thaxter, Jr., was
chosen to fill the vacancy. The report of Jan. 26,
1855, is signed by these three gentlemen, but the
next report, submitted Feb. 20, 1855, bears the
signatiu"es of Joseph R. Richards, S. K. Hutchin-
son and George M. Thacher as commissioners.
Gridley J. F. Errant was the architect. Approi^ri-
ations were made from time to time, until, when
completed, the addition cost $243,203.86. In
consequence of alterations, a new coi'ner -stone was
provided, and the original deposit replaced Aug.
11, 1855, by M. W. Winslow Lewis, M.D., Grand
Master, and other officers of the Grand Lodge of
Massachusetts, in the presence of His Excellency
Henry J. Gardner, Governor.
Under a resolve of May 23, 1866, a commission
consisting of John H. Clifford, Ex-Governor.
Joseph A. Pond. President of the Senate, ^ind
dames i\I. Stone, Speaker of the House of Rep-
THE STATE HOUSE
resentatives, was appointed to "consider the whole
subject of remodelling the State House." Their
report, containing three plans, drawn by Mr.
Bryant and Alexander R. Esty, was referred to
the committee on State House of 1867, and it was
decided, June 1, that the Legislature should have
additional committee rooms, that certain alterations
and improvements sliould be made in the building,
as well as a general system of repairs, ventilation,
steam heat and increased cellar accommodations.
Mr. Pond and Mr. Stone were appointed commis-
sioners, Washburn & Son were the architects, and
the final cost was $270,256.96.
New seats were i^laced in the Senate and House
of Representatives in 1868. The House chairs
were sold in 1896, 1897 and 1898, the members
of 1894 having the first opportunity to purchase ;
the Senate chairs were sold in 1897 and 1898,
Senators of 1897 having first choice; and the
chairs in the Council Chamber were sold in 1898
to Councillors of the preceding year. Passenger
elevators were added in 1885, and many improve-
ments of a minor character were made from time
to time.
Commonwealth Building, No. 11 Mt. Vernon
Street, formerly the Way estate, was procured
under an act approved May 26, 1882, remodelled
and used by State departments until the winter of
History
THE STATE HOUSE
History 1900, wlicn it was razed, together with houses
Xos. 1-6 Mt. Vernon Street, that the land might
be included in the park.
On May 17, 1888, the Governor and Council
were authorized to actjuire the land bounded by
Derne, Temi^le, Mt. Vernon and Hancock .streets,
and a parcel of land east of Temple Street, be-
tween !Mt. Vernon and Derne ; also to discontinue
Temple Street between Mt. Vernon and Derne
streets. By this act $500,000 were appropriated,
and May 3, 1889, $130,000 additional were al-
lowed. An act of June 16, 1892, enabled tlie
commissioners to take land bounded by Derne and
Bowdoin streets. Beacon Hill Place and the State
House. June 9, 1893, provision was made for
taking Beacon Hill Place ; Jime 29, 1894, for tak-
ing the land bounded by Bowdoin, Beacon, Mt.
Vernon streets and land then owned by the Com-
monwealth ; also on June 19, 1901, for procuring
the estates Nos. 8-14 Mt. Vernon Street.
May 25, 1888, the Governor and Council were
allowed $5,000 to prepare a general plan for the
better accommodation of the State government,
and March 19, 1889, $2,500 were appropriated to
further jjei-fect said i)lan. A bill providing for
the enlargement of the State House was reported,
becoming a law June 4, 1889. To meet the ex-
penses incurred xmdcr this act, a loan, not exceeding
THE STATE HOUSE
$2,500,000, was authorized, and work was begun
under the direction of John D. Long, William
Endicott, Jr., and Benjamin D. Whitcomb, State
House Construction Commissioners. Upon the
death of Mr. Whitcomb, in 1894, Charles Everett
Clark was appointed a member of the commis-
sion, and upon the resignation of Mr. Long, Mr.
Endicott became chairman, with George W. John-
son as the third member.* The architects were
Messrs. Brigham & Spofford, but after March,
1892, Charles Brigham had entire charge.
The corner-stone of this new building was laid
Dec. 21, 1889, by Governor Oliver Ames, assisted
by John D. Long, chairman of the commission,
and the Grand Lodge of Masons, M. W. Henry
Endicott, Grand Master, Samuel AVells, Deputy
Grand Master. Jan. 2, 1895, the House of Rep-
resentatives convened in the old chamber, and the
following day moved to their new hall in the
extension. February 18 the Senate moved to
rooms Nos. 239, 240 and 241, pending alterations
in the State House ; April 8 they returned to their
old quarters ; and Jan. 6, 1897, convened in the
temporary chamber provided in the upper portion
of Memox'ial Hall. Jan. 5, 1898, they met for
the first time in the new chamber, — the room
History
* Mr. Clark died in 1899. Mr. Endicott and Mr. Johnson
completed the building.
THE STATE HOUSE
History formerly occupied Ijy tlu^ House of Representa-
tives,— and the old Senate chamber has since
been known as tlie Senate reception room.
The Governor, with the advice and consent of
the Council, was authorized on March 14, 1896,
to appoint a commission for the preservation of
the Bulfinch State House, who should thoroughly
examine the condition of the building, and report
the result, with their recommendations, to the
(ieneral Court. Charles A. Cummings, David H.
Andrews and E. Noyes Whitcomb, being chosen,
reported April 13, 1895. June 9, 1896, His Honor
Roger Wolcott, acting Governor, George P. Law-
rence, President of the Senate, and George v. L.
Meyer, Siieakor of the House of Representatives,
Avere appointed a committee to arrange for plans
for 2>reserving the Bulfinch State House substan-
tially in accordance with the report of the above
commission. The committee selected Arthur G.
P^verett as architect, with Robert D. Andrews as
his associate and Charles A. Cummings consulting
architect. The State House Construction Commis-
sion had charge of the work, and $375,000 were
appropriated to meet the expenses.
By an act approved Jmie 5, 1897, His Excel-
lency Roger "Wolcott, Governor, President George
P. Lawrence and Speaker John L. Bates were ap-
pointed a committee to consider and decide upon
THE STATE HOUSE
plans for furnishing the Bulfinch part. Mr. Everett
submitted drawings, specifications and designs, and
the State House Construction Commission were
directed to furnish the building in accordance with
the plans and under the superintendence of said
architect. The total expense incurred for preser-
vation and furnishing was $335,468.83.
The amount expended for the State House ex-
tension, land, furnishings, Memorial Hall and res-
toration of the Bulfinch front, including damages
on account of limiting the height of buildings, to
March 27, 1905, was $6,997,696.21. There are
about six acres in the park and the land ujion
which the State House stands. The dimensions of
the capitol follow : —
ft. in.
Height of Bulfinch front from ground to pinnacle, . 110
Depth of Bulfinch front, 60
Width of Bulfinch front, 172
Foundation of Bulfinch front above tide water, about 110
Length of extension, 401
Width of extension in rear 173
Height of extension in rear (to apex), .... 112 3
Widest part of extension, 212 6
History
THE STATE HOUSE
The
Dome
OBJECTS OF INTEREST
The Dome
To the stranger visiting the State House there
are many objects of interest. Approax-liing the
building from the south, the dome will first attract
attention. It is 53 feet in diameter by 35 feet
high, and in early times was simply painted.
Governor Nathaniel P. Banks, in his valedictory
address, Jan. 3, 1861, recommended that it be
gilded, but this was not accomplished until 1874.
It was regilded in 1888 and 1898, and during the
latter year 498 electric lights were placed around it.
The dome is accessible to the public whenever
the building is open, except during the sessions
of the Senate.
Shaw — Hancock — Webster — Mann
A memorial to Col. Robert G. Shaw* and the
Fifty-fourth IVIassachusetts Regiment, by Augustus
St. Gaudens, which was dedicated May 31, 1897,
stands on the Common, facing the State House.
The Fifty -fourth was tlie first colored regiment
recruited in Massachusetts. Colonel Shaw was
killed in the assault upon Fort Wagner, S. C,
July 18, 1863. The memorial was paid for by
voluntary subscriptions.
* See Appendix.
THE STATE HOUSE
Inscrip-
tion
INSCRIPTION ON THE FRONT OF THE
SHAW MONUMENT
ROBERT GOULD SHAW
COLONEL OF THE FIFTY FOURTH REGIMENT OF MASSACHUSETTS
INFANTRY BORN IN BOSTON OCTOBER X MDCCCXXXVII
KILLED WHILE LEADING THE ASSAULT ON FORT WAGNER
SOUTH CAROLINA JULY XVIII MDCCCLXIII
RIGHT IN THE VAN ON THE RED RAMPART'S SLIPPERY SWELL
WITH HEART THAT BEAT A CHARGE HE FELL
FOEWARD AS FITS A MAN
BUT THE HIGH SOUL BURNS ON TO LIGHT MEN'S FEET
WHERE DEATH FOR NOBLE ENDS MAKES DYING SWEET.
THE STATE HOUSE
IftMcrlit-
llon
INSCRIPTION ON THE P^AR OF THE
SHAW MONUMENT
TO THE FIFTY FOURTH • OF MASSACHUSETTS
REGIMENT INFANTRY
THE WHITE OFFICERS
TAKING LIFE AND HONOR IN THEIR HANDS CAST IN THEIR LOT
WITH MEN OF A DESPISED RACE UNPROVED IN WAR AND
RISKED DEATH AS INCITERS OF SERVILE INSURRECTION
IF TAKEN PRISONERS BESIDES ENCOUNTERING ALL THE
COMMON PERILS OF CAMP MARCH AND BATTLE.
THE BLACK RANK AND FILE
VOLUNTEERED WHEN DISASTER CLOUDED THE UNION CAUSE
SERVED WITHOUT PAY FOR EIGHTEEN MONTHS TILL GIVEN
THAT OF WHITE TROOPS FACED THREATENED ENSLAVE-
MENT IF CAPTURED WERE BRAVE IN ACTION PATIENT
UNDER HEAVY AND DANGEROUS LABORS AND CHEERFUL
AMID HARDSHIPS AND PRIVATIONS.
TOGETHER
THEY GAVE TO THE NATION AND THE WORLD UNDYING PROOF
THAT AMERICANS OF AFRICAN DESCENT POSSESS THE
PRIDE COURAGE AND DEVOTION OF THE PATRIOT SOLDIER.
ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY THOUSAND SUCH AMERICANS
ENLISTED UNDER THE UNION FLAG IN
MDCCCLXIII MDCCCLXV.
I KNOW NOT MR. COMMANDER WHERE IN ALL HUMAN HISTORY
TO ANY GIVEN THOUSAND MEN IN ARMS THERE HAS
BEEN COMMITTED A WORK AT ONCE SO PROUD SO PRECIOUS
SO FULL OF HOPE AND GLORY AS THE WORK COMMITTED
TO YOU.
GOVERNOR ANDREW.
70
THE STATE HOUSE
Just west of the building, on Beacon Street, is
a tablet marking the site of the famous John
Hancock house.* Upon the terraced lawn are
bronze statues of Daniel Webster, f by Hiram Powers,
and of Horace Mann.f by Miss Emma Stebbins.
The statue of Webster was erected in 1859, by
the Webster Memorial committee; unveiled Sept.
17, 1859. This was the second statue executed
by the sculptor, the first having been lost at sea.
The statue of Mann was dedicated July 4, 1865 ;
the funds were contributed by school children and
teachers of Massachusetts in 1860 ; the pedestal
was furnished by the State.
Major General Joseph Hooker
A bronze equestrian statue of Major General
Joseph Hooker f stands in the park, near the Bea-
con Street entrance. It was jDurchased by the
Commonwealth under authority of chapter 43, Re-
solves of 1896. The man is by Daniel Chester
French, the horse by Edward C. Potter.
The pedestal is of granite from Stony Creek,
Connecticut. Upon the front is the coat-of-arms J
of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, surrounded
by a wreath of laurel, while directly above appears
the name " Hooker."
* The Hancock house was erected in 1737 ; removed in 1863.
t See Appendix, t The coat-of-arms was modelled by Mr.
French.
Hancock
^Vebster
Mann
Hooker
THE STATE HOUSE
Hooker
In 190;} tl)e Lcj^isliiture authorized the governor
and council to arrange for the dedication of the
statue. It was unveiled at nine o'clock on the
morning of June 25, 1903, in the presence of a
large number of guests. General Hooker, ever
on the alert, is portrayed, sitting on his charger,
ready to start at a moment's notice, and one fully
realizes his intense devotion to the cause for which
he fought so nobly.
The statue was presented to the Commonwealth
by His Honor Curtis Guild, Jr., Lieutenant Gov-
ernor; it was unveiled by Master Joseph Hooker
Wood, grand-nephew of General Hooker, and was
accepted by His Excellency John L. Bates, Gov-
ernor. Later in the day there was a parade, in-
cluding soldiers and sailors of the Army and Navy
of the United States, together Avith the Massachu-
setts Volunteer Militia, veterans of the Mexican.
Civil and Spanish American wars, and many others.
It Avas reviewed at the State House by John L.
Bates, Governor and Commander-in-Chief, with his
staff.
The battleships Indiana and Texas, torpedo-boat
destroyers Chaunee}', Dale, Bainbridge, Barry and
Decatur, with the Hartford, were anchored in the
luirbor in lionor of the event. In tlie evening
formal exercises were held in ^Mechanics Hall,
Governor Bates presiding. The oration was de-
THE STATE HOUSE
livered by Brigadier General Charles P. Mattocks.
Addresses were also made by Lieutenant General
Nelson A. Mies, Major General Oliver O. How-
ard and Major General Thomas L. Rosser.
Devens — Banks
In the park, east side, is a bronze statue of
Major General Charles Devens,* by Olin L. Warner,
ordered by the Legislature of 1891. A statue of
Major General Nathaniel Prentiss Banks,* by
Henry H. Kitson, will probably be placed in posi-
tion during the summer of 1905. It was authorized
by chapter 79, Resolves of 1897. The site chosen
is north of the Beacon monument, and the statue
will face that of General Devens.
The Beacon
The Beacon was erected under an order of the
General Court of the Colony, March 4, 1634-35,
— « ' It is ordered, that there shalbe forth with a
beacon sett on the centry hill at Boston, to give
notice to the country of any danger, & that there
shalbe a ward of one pson kept there from the
first of April to the last of Septr., & that upon
the discov'y of any danger, the beacon shalbe
fired, an allarum given, as also messengers pres-
ently sent by that towne where the danger is dis-
cov'ed, to all other townes within their jurisdiccon.'"
* See Appendix.
Hooker
Devens
Banks
The
Beacon
THE STATE HOUSE
The
Beacon
A si)ace on tlio top of the hill, six rods square, was
reserved by the town for the monument, with " pas-
sage from tlie Common thereto." The Beacon
was a tall pole or mast, and projecting from one
side was an iron crane supporting an iron pot.
Tlie mast was 2)laced on cross-tim])ers witli a stone
foundation, was supported by Ijraces and i)rovided
with cross-sticks serving the j^urpose of a ladder
for ascending to the crane. Governor Bernard
said the Beacon was rebuilt " without his consent"
in 1768. It remained until removed by General
Gage in 1775, when a "small square fort" was
built on the hill. Soon after the evacuation of
Boston, March 17. 1776, the tow-n erected another
pole, nearly in the centre of the British fort ; this
was blown down in a storm, Thursday, Nov. 26,
1789.
A monument, from the design of Charles Bul-
finch, was erected in 1790 by a number of the in-
habitants to " commemorate that train of events
which led to the American Revolution and finally
secured Liberty and Independence to the United
States." This was a plain Doric column, about
60 feet high, built of brick, covered with stucco,
with foundation and mouldings of stone. The fol-
lowing spring it was surmounted by a " large
eagle of wood, gilt, supporting the American arms."
The column was enclosed " bv a fence of rails, in
THE STATE HOUSE
front of which were benches for the accommoda-
tion of those who ascend the hill." A wooden
efSgy of the eagle is now over the President's
chair in the Senate chamber.
Aug. 10, 1811, the town of Boston sold to Sam-
uel Spear and John Hancock the land on which
the monument stood, being 6 rods square origin-
ally reserved in 1634-35. The hill was dug away
and the column taken down and destroyed, but
the four slate tablets in its base were preserved
in the State House, and are now in the stone
reproduction which was erected by the Bunker
Hill Monvxment Association in 1898. The new
monument was formally presented to the Common-
wealth June 17, 1899. Its dimensions are exactly
the same as those of the original, and the eagle
is an exact copy of the original drawings for the
wooden eagle upon the Bulfinch monument.*
The inscription upon the bronze tablet in the base
was prepared by Charles W. Eliot, President of
Harvard College.
IN 1634 THE GENERAL COURT CAUSED
A BEACON
TO BE PLACED ON THE TOP OF THIS HILL
IN 1790 A BRICK AND STONE MONUMENT
DESIGNED BY CHARLES BULFINCH
REPLACED THE BEACON
BUT WAS REMOVED IN 1811
WHEN THE HILL WAS CUT DOWN
IT IS NOW REPRODUCED IN STONE
BY THE BUNKER HILL MONUMENT ASSOCIATION
1898.
* Report of Bunker Hill Monument Association, 1899.
3/
The
Beacon
Inscrip-
tion
THE STATE HOUSE
Inscrip-
tions
TABLET UPON THE EAST SIDE
TO COMMEMORATE
THAT TKAIN OP' EVENTS
WHICH LED
TO THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
AND FINALLY SECURED
LIBKKTV AND INDEPENDENCE
TO THE UNITED STATES
THIS COLUMN IS ERECTED
BY THE VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTION
OF THE CITIZENS
OF BOSTON
M D C C X C.
TABLET UPON THE SOUTH SIDE
STAMP ACT PASSED 1765. REPEALED 1766.
BOARD OF CUSTOMS ESTABLISHED 1767.
BRITISH TROOPS FIRED ON THE INHABITANTS OF BOSTON
MARCH 5. 1770.
TEA ACT PASSED 1773.
TEA DESTROYED IN BOSTON DECEM : 16.
PORT OF BOSTON SHUT AND GUARDED JUNE 1. 1774.
GENERAL CONGRESS AT PHILADELPHIA SEPT: 4.
PROVINCIAL CONGRESS AT CONCORD OCT: 11.
BATTLE OF LEXINGTON APRIL 19. 1775.
BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL Ji:NE 17.
WASHINGTON TOOK COMMAND OF THE ARMY JULY 2.
BOSTON EVACUATED MARCH 17: 1776.
INDEPKNDANCE DECLARED BY CONGRESS JULY 4. 1776.
HANCOCK PRESIDENT.
THE STATE HOUSE
Inscrip-
tions
TABLET UPON THE WEST SIDE
AMERICANS
WHILE FROM THIS EMINENCE
SCENES OF LUXURIANT FERTILITY
OF FLOURISHING COMMERCE
& THE ABODES OF SOCIAL HAPPINESS
MEET TOUR VIEW
FORGET NOT THOSE
WHO BY THEIR EXERTIONS
HAVE SECURED TO YOU
THESE BLESSINGS.
TABLET UPON THE NORTH SIDE
CAPTURE OF HESSIANS AT TRENTON DEC: 26. 1776.
CAPTURE OF HESSIANS AT BENNINGTON. AUG: 16. 1777.
CAPTURE OF BRITISH ARMY AT SARATOGA OCT: 17.
ALLIANCE WITH FRANCE FEB: 6. 1778.
CONFEDERATION OF UNITED STATES FORMED JULY 9.
CONSTITUTION OF MASSACHUSETTS FORMED 1780.
BOWDOIN PRESIDENT OF CONVENTION.
CAPTURE OF BRITISH ARMY AT YORK OCT: 19. 1781.
PRELIMENARIES OF PEACE NOV: 30. 1782.
DEFINITIVE TREATY OF PEACE SEPT: 10. 1783.
FEDERAL CONSTITUTION FORMED SEPT: 17. 1787.
AND RATIFIED BY THE UNITED STATES 1787. TO. 1790.
NEW CONGRESS ASSEMBLED AT NEW YORK APRIL. 6. 178!
WASHINGTON INAUGURATED PRESIDENT APRIL 30.
PUBLIC DEBTS J'UNDED AUG : 4. 1790.
THE STATE HOUSE
Doric
Hall
Doric Hall — Washington
Relics
And
rew
War
Entering the State House from Beacon Street,
the visitor first steps into Doric Hall. Here are
marble statues of George AVashington,* first Presi-
dent of the United States, by Sir Francis Chantrey
(1826), given to the Commonwealth Nov. 26, 1827,
by the Washington Monument Association, and of
Governor John A. Andrew,* by Thomas Ball (1870),
unveiled Feb. 14, 1871, the gift of private citizens
as a memorial of the affectionate regard in which
the people of the Commonwealth held her distin-
guished son. The latter statue was paid for out
of a surplus of $10,000 remaining after the bronze
statue of Edward Everett, now in the Public Gar-
den, was completed.
Here also are two brass cannon, consecrating
the names of Maj. John Buttrick and Capt. Isaac
Davis, "whose valor and example excited their
fellow citizens to a successful resistance of a su-
perior number of British troops," at Concord bridge,
April 19, 1775 ; two brass cannon captured in the
war of 1812; a tablet f in memory of Charles Bul-
finch, architect; a tablet f "to commemorate the
preservation and renewal of the Massachusetts
State House ; " a tablet J to George Luther Stearns.
* See Appendix, t See page 25. t Placed in position in 1903.
THE STATE HOUSE
TABLETS
IN MEMORY OF
CHARLES BULFINCH OF BOSTON
THE FIRST NEW ENULAND ARCHITECT
BORN 17C3 DIED 1844
EDUCATED AT HARVARD COLLEGE
AND BY FOREIGN TRAVEL
CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD OF SELECTMEN
FROM 1797 TO 1818
A PERIOD OF GREAT IMPROVEMENTS
FROM 1818 TO 1830
THE ARCHITECT OF THE CAPITOL
AT WASHINGTON
AMONG HIS IMPORTANT DESIGNS WERE
THE FIRST THEATRE IN BOSTON 1793
THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE HOUSE 1795
THE FIRST CATHOLIC CHURCH IN BOSTON 1803
FANEUIL HALL ENLARGED 1805
UNIVERSITY HALL AT HARVARD COLLEGE 1814
THE MCLEAN ASYLUM AT SOMERVILLE
1792 AND 1817 AND THE
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL 1818
A GRAVE MODEST JUST AND CHEERFUL MAN
OF SIMPLE HABITS CLEAR INTELLIGENCE
HIGH PRINCIPLES AND GENTLE JUDGMENTS
Tablets
TO COMMEMORATE
THE PRESERVATION AND RENEWAL
OF THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE HOUSE
DESIGNED BY CHARLES BULFINCH
BEGUN IN 1795
AND FINISHED IN 1798
IN 1896
AFTER THE COMPLETION OF LARGE ADDITIONS
A THOROUGH RECONSTRUCTION OF THE INTERIOR
OF THE ORIGINAL BUILDING
WAS UNDERTAKEN
TO PRESERVE FROM DECAY
AND FROM DESTRUCTION BY FIRE
A NOBLE PUBLIC WORK
THE INTERIORS OF THE COUNCIL CHAMBER
THE SENATE CHAMBER
AND THE HALL OF REPRESENTATIVES
WERE KEPT UNCHANGED
THE RECONSTRUCTION WAS FINISHED
IN 1898
THE STATE HOUSE
Doric
Hall
a merchant of Boston, "commemorating the part
taken by him in securing the enlistment of colored
troops and the other valuable services rendered by
liim to the United States and to this Commonwealth
in the war of the rebellion ; " two memorial tablets
of the Washington family, presented to the Com-
monwealth in 1861 by lion. Charles Sumner.
The Washington tablets are of bluish gray sand-
stone, and are exact fac-similes of the originals
which mark the resting places of Lawrence and
Robert W^ashington, * the last English ancestors of
George Washington, our first President. The origi-
nal stones are in the parish church of Brington,
near Althorp, in Northamptonshire, England. Earl
Spencer, the proprietor of Althorp, sought out the
quarry from which, more than two centuries ago,
those tablets were taken, and caused the fac-similes
to be made, which he presented to Mr. Sumner.
The largest tablet is in memory of Lawrence
Washington. Above the inscription, carved in the
stone, are the arms of the Washingtons, with the
arms of the Butlers impaled. The other stone is
of Robert Washington and his wife Elizabeth.
The inscription is on a small brass plate, set in
the stone. On a separate brass plate beneath the
• Lawrence was father and Robert uncle of John Washing-
ton, the English emigrant to Virginia, who was great-grand-
father of George Washington.
S«
THE STATE HOUSE
inscription are the arras of the Washingtons without
any addition but a crescent, the mark of cadency
that denotes the second son. These have the com-
bination of stars and stripes, sometimes supposed to
have suggested our national flag.
Under authority of a resolve approved April 6,
1861, the tablets were placed upon the marble
floor in Doric Hall, within the railing in front of
the Washington statue, and remained there until
the reconstruction of the Bui finch front. The
statue formerly stood in an alcove a short distance
north of its present position.
The architecture of Doric Hall is described in
its name and the style remains unchanged, thus
preserving the time-honored proportions as designed
by Charles Bulfinch.
The Commonwealth has been fortunate in secur-
ing the jDortraits of a large number of her gov-
ernors. Sixteen are mentioned on pages 28 and
29, and reference will be made to the others when
describing the executive department and the old
Senate chamber.
Doric
Hall
THE STATE HOUSE
Doric
Hall
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From portrait i)ainted in 1847, from life, by
W. A. Wall, in possession of Marcus Mor-
ton of Newtonville. Purchased under chap-
ter 89, Resolves 1899.
Painted in 1849, from life. Purchased under
chapter 89, Resolves 1899.
Copy of painting by Mr. Vinton, in C.roton
Public Library, and from life. I'urchased
under chapter 89, Resolves 1899.
Painted in 1900, from a daguerreotype taken
in 1854. Purchased under chapter 89, Re-
solves 1899.
Painted in 1890, from life. Presented by Mr.
(iardner in 1893.
From photographs. Purchased under chapter
89, Resolves 1S99.
From photograph. Presented by John F.
Andrt^w of Boston, in 1895.
Painted in is.i:!, from portrait by Frederick P.
Vinton. Presented by A. (}. Bullock and
Mrs. Klvira Hazard Bullock of Worcester,
in 1895.
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Walter M. Brackett, .
Frederick P. Vinton, .
William Willard, .
Jean Paul Selinger,
Daniel J. Strain, .
Darius Cobb, ....
Horace R. Burdick,
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1843-44,
1844-51,
1851-63,
1854-55,
1855-58,
1858-61,
1861-66,
1866-69,
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George N. Briggs, .
George S. Boutwell,
Emory Washburn, .
Henry J. Gardner, .
Nathaniel P. Banks,
John A. Andrew,
Alexander H. Bullock, .
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THE STATE HOUSE
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Doric
Hall
THE STATE HOUSE
Spanish
American
War Flags
Spanish American War Flags
The ceiling of the passageway in the rear of
Doric Ilall contains a skylight with "Liberty" in
the centre, surrounded ])y the names of the repub-
lics of Hellas, Helvetia, Florence, Venice, Genoa,
Iceland, Holland, Andorra, San Marino and Rome.
At one side is the seal of " Mattachusets Bay in
Nova Anglia ; " at the other that of " Plimouth Nov
Anglia."
The large bronze case contains the flags of the
volunteer regiments and Naval Brigade of Massa-
chusetts in the Spanish American Avar, returned to
the custody of the Commonwealth through His
Excellency Roger Wolcott, Governor, Saturday,
Oct. 14, 1899. They were placed in their present
position July 31, 1901. The flags* are twent}--one
in number, as follows : First Regiment Hea\-y-
Artillery, one United States and one State flag;
Second, Fifth, Sixth and Ninth Regiments Infantry,
one United States and one State flag each ; Eighth
Regiment Infantr}', tlu'ee United States and two
State flags, and one United States Regimental
color ; Naval Brigade, one flag each from the
U. S. S. " Prairie, " " Catskill," " Lehigh,"' " Inca "
and "Governor Russell."
* state flaps, white; U. S. Regimental, blue. All flags are
silk except the Naval, which are bunting.
THE STATE HOUSE
Grand Stciircase Hcill
Directly to the north is the Grand Staircase Hall
of Pavonazzo marble. As one looks through the
alcoves toward Memorial Hall the effect is very
beautiful. The stairs at the right lead to the
Senate and those opposite to the executive depart-
ment.
The balcony, formed by the third floor corridors,
is surmounted by twelve Ionic columns, which are
said to be among the finest in the world. The
windows in the south wall are emblematic of
manufactures, commerce, education, fisheries and
agi'iculture. Carved in the marble at the head of
the stairs is the seal of the Colony of Massachu-
setts, 1628-84, also the present oflicial seal.
The paintings upon the north wall, entitled
' ' James Otis making his famous argument against
the "Writs of Assistance * in the old Town House
in Boston, in February 1761," "The Boston Tea
Party" and "Paul Revere's Ride," are by Robert
Reid.
Grand
Staircase
Hall
Historical
Paintings
Reid
» The Writs of Assistance -were general search-warrants
which allowed the king's officers to enter warehouses or
dwellings to search for and seize foreign merchandise, on
which a duty had not been paid. These writs were first issued
in Massachusetts. Their legality was questioned and the
matter was brought before a court held in the old Town
House, as described.
THE STATE HOUSE
Historical
Painting
Reld
Writs of Assistance
Otis is represented at the moment when he was
saying: "T will to my dying day oppose, with
all the powers and faculties God has given me,
all such instruments of slavery on the one hand
and villainy on the other as this "Writ of Assist-
ance is." The room is flooded with the flickering
light from the great open fire, while through the
windows, against which the snow has drifted,
comes the cold blue light of the late afternoon of
that winter's day.
John Adams, in a letter to William Tudor,
written fifty-six years after the event, gives his
recollection of the scene in part as follows : "The
scene is the Coimcil Chamber in the old Town
House in Boston. The date is in the month of
February, 1761. That council chamber was as
respectable an ajjartment as the House of Com-
mons or the House of Lords in Great Britain, in
proportion, or that in the State House in Phila-
delphia, in which the Declaration of Independence
was signed, in 1776. In this chamber, round a
great fire, were seated five judges, with Lieutenant
Governor Hutchinson at their head, as Chief Justice,
nil arrayed in their new, fresh, rich robes of
scarlet English broadcloth ; in their large cambric
bands and immense judicial wigs. In a comer of
THE STATE HOUSE
the room must be placed as a spectator and an
auditor, wit, sense, imagination, genius, pathos,
reason, prudence, eloquence, learning and immense
reading, hanging by the shoulders on two crutches,
covered with a great cloth coat, in the person of
Mr. Pratt, who had been solicited on both sides,
but would engage on neither, being, as Chief
Justice of Xew York, about to leave Boston
forever."
In the same letter, Mr. Adams, characterizing
the arguments of counsel, says: "But Otis was a
flame of fire ! With a promptitude of classical
allusions, a dejith of research, a rapid summary
of historical events and dates, a profusion of legal
authorities, a proiihetic glance of his eye into
futurity, and a torrent of impetuous eloquence, he
hurried away everything before him. American
independence was then and there born ; the seeds
of patriots and heroes were then and there sown,
to defend the vigorous youth, the non sine Diis
animosus infans. Every man of a crowded
audience ajjpeared to me to go away, as I did,
ready to take arms against writs of assistance.
Then and there Avas the first scene of the first act
of opposition to the arbitrary claims of Great
Britain. Then and there the child Independence
was born. In fifteen years, namely, in 1776, he
grew up to manhood, and declared himself free."
Historical
Painting
Reid
THE STATE HOUSE
Historical
Paintings
Reld
The Boston Tea Party
A colonial tax of three pence on a pound of
U'.ii had l)eon levied by Parliament, which the
colonists refused to pay. Several vessels were
anchored in Boston harbor waiting for their cargoes
to be unloaded. Meeting after meeting had been
held by the colonists to discuss the condition of
affairs, until finally, in the early evening of De-
cember 16, 1773, Samuel Adams, addressing an
assembly iu the Old South Church, said, — " We can
do no more to save the country, '" and almost
instantly a shout was heard, a Avar-whoop sounded
and forty or fifty men, disguised as Indians,
hurried to Griffin's wharf, boarded the shijis and
emptied the tea into Boston harbor. ^Ir. Reid's
painting represents these "Indians" on a ship in
the stream, throwing the tea overboard. In the
background are warehouses on the Boston shore.
Paul Revere's Ride
In 1774 General Gage relieved Thomas Hutch-
inson as governor of the Colony and troojis were
sent here to enforce certain laws which had been
enacted by Parliament, but the people moved
steadily on their course and made preparation for
the struggle which they knew must come. A large
quantit}^ of stores had been deposited at Concord,
THE STATE HOUSE
and in April, 1775, it was rumored that General
Gage was determined to destroy them. On the
18th the British troops embarked from Boston.
Tlie following quotation is from Longfellow's
jwem : —
* * * " If the British march
By land or sea from the town to-night,
Hang a lantern aloft in the helfry arch
Of the North Church tower as a signal light, —
One, if by land, and two, if by sea ;
And I on the opposite shore will be,
Ready to ride and spread the alarm
Through every Middlesex village and farm.
For the country-folk to be up and to arm."
Paul Revere rowed to the Charlestown shore, and
* * * " watched with eager search
The belfry tower of the Old North Church *
And lo! as he looks, on the belfry's height
A glimmer, and then a gleam of light!
He springs to the saddle, the bridle he turns,
But lingers and gazes, till full on his sight
A second lamp in the belfry burns! "
Then he started on his famous midnight ride to
Lexington and Concord. The artist represents him
dashing through a village street, rousing "the
country-folk to be up and to arm."
While Mr. Reid's first painting is notable for
its fire-light effect, the group on the deck of the
ship, in ' ' The Boston Tea Party, " is illuminated
by the light from a lantern in the hold, and again
Historical
Painting
Reld
THE STATE HOUSE
Historical
Painting
Reld
ill " l';ml Kcvere's Ride," one can see the face of
Kevcre, as well as the lij^ures of the yeoman and
his wife, lighted by the rays from an invisible
lire-place.
Tills series of paintings is completed by two
small panels, the one at the left showing a
medallion of John Hancock, while on the other is
a portrait of Samuel Adams. Forming the back-
ground are four flags Avhich were used by the
Massachusetts colonists before the stars and strii)es
were accepted. In the left panel is a "Revolu-
tionary" flag (blue, union white, with the cross of
St. George and pine tree), and a "Rattle-snake"
flag (rattle-snake in corner, motto "Don't tread on
lue, " — drawn from a flag now in existence in
Philadelphia and used at the Battle of Bunker
Hill) ; in the right panel a white flag with pine
tree in the comer and motto "An appeal to God,"
also a red flag, blue union, with crosses of St.
Andrew and St. George. The latter represents the
flag familiarly known to the colonists as the
"Union" flag (Union Ensign established in 1707).
A three-cornered hat, battle axe, palm leaves,
etc., are also visible.
Note. The painting of James Otis arguing against the
Writs of Assistance was opened for public inspection Janu-
ary 1, 1902; The Boston Tea Party and Paul Revere's Ride on
December 5, 1904.
36
THE STATE HOUSE
Brigadier General Thomas Greely Stevenson
A memorial to Brigadier General Thomas Greely
Stevenson,* f of the Twenty-fourth Massachusetts
Infantry will be ijlaced in the Grand Staircase Hall.
It will be a figure of General Stevenson in high
relief, the orderly and horses in very low relief
and might be entitled " The Commander on the
picket line." General Stevenson has dismounted,
advanced on foot and stands holding his field-glasses.
The memorial will be of bronze by the sculptor,
Bela L. Pratt, and will be located upon the east
pillar as one passes into Memorial Hall. It is the
gift of the General's friends and admirers, and of
the Brigadier General Thomas Greely Stevenson
Memorial Association who were granted permission
by the governor and council March 22, 1905, to
place the memorial in the State House (chapter 20,
Resolves of 1905).
Civil War Records — Schouler
In the Adjutant General's Department, west side,
may be found the records of Massachusetts soldiers
and sailors in the Civil war; also a portrait of
William Schouler,t Adjutant General, 1860-66,
Ijy Thos. C. Corner, presented by James Schouler
Aug. 5, 1899.
* Killed at Spottsylvania May 10, 1864. t See Appendix.
Stevenson
Civil War
Records
THE STATE HOUSE
Memorial
Hall
Battle
Flags
Memorial Hall — Civil War Flags — Historical
Paintings
Nearly in tlie centre of llif Imildiii;^ is .M(,-niorial
Hall. Sixteen i^illars of Siena niai'ljle snpport the
circular gallery. The dome i.s surrounded by a
heavy bronze cornice environed by the eagles of
the Republic, and above them, in cathedral glass,
i.s the crest of the Commonwealth, encircled, within
laurel wreaths, by the seals of the other twelv*?
original states.
Within four niches are the battle flags carried
]jy iNlassachusetts volunteers during the war of the
rebellion. By General Order No. 9i of the War
Department, issued May 15, I860, the volunteer
regiments and batteries, when mustered out and
discharged, deposited their colors with Brevet Col.
Francis N. Clarke, U.S.A., chief mustermg officer.
Forefathers' Day, Dec. 22, 1865, the two hundred
and forty-fifth anniversary of the landing of the
rilgrims at Plymouth, was selected for the return
of the colors to the State, and Maj. Gen. Darius
N. Couch was chosen commanding general. His
headquarters were established on Boston Common,
and before the pi'occssion started, these colors
were turned over to him by Colonel Clarke. The
flags of those regiments and companies, which had
filled their allotted term of service prior to May 15.
THE STATE HOUSE
were taken from the State House and delivered to
the several commands for use during the exercises.
As the regiments and batteries arrived at the
State House, the color bearers left the ranks and
arranged themselves upon the steps, while the
remainder filed to the groimds at either side.
Governor Andrew, attended by his staff and invited
guests, came down the steps to the j^lace designated
for the closing ceremonies. Prayer was offered
by Rev. Samuel K. Lothrop, D.D., then General
Couch delivered the colors to the governor, who
accepted them in behalf of the people and the
government, after Avhich the}' were placed in
Doric Hall.
Extract from Gov. Andrew's speech on receiving
the battle flags : —
These banners are returned to the government of the Com-
monwealth through welcome hands. Borne one by one out of
this capitol during more than four years of civil war, as the
symbols of the Nation and the Commonwealth under which
the battalions of Massachusetts departed to the fields, they
come back again, borne hither by surviving representatives
of the same heroic regiments and companies to which they
were intrusted. . . .
Pi-oud memories of many fields ; sweet memories alike of
valor and friendship ; sad memories of fraternal strife ; tender
memories of our fallen brothers and sons, whose dying eyes
looked last upon their flaming folds ; grand memories of heroic
virtues sublime by grief; exultant memories of the great and
final victories of our country, our Union and the righteous
cause; thankful memories of a deliverance wrought out for
human nature itself, unexampled by any former achievement
of arms; immortal memories with immortal honors blended, —
twine around these splintered staves, weave themselves along
the warp and woof of these familiar flags, war-worn, begrimed,
and baptized with blood.
39
Battle
Flags
THE STATE HOUSE
Battle
Flags
Dec. 22, 1894, six Hags wen; returned U) the
State, with public ceremonies. Five of these W(!re
recaptured Hags forwarded by the War Department,
at the governor's request, in accordance with
I'ublic Resolution No. 44, approved Aug. 27, 1«'J4.
A few other flags have been received from
various sources, nntil now there are 296, divided
as follows : —
Infantry flags and shattered staves (4), . . .213
Heavy Artillery, 15
Cavalry, 1"
Light Artillery, 43
Fourth Brigade Cavalry, 1
McLaughlin's Brigade, 1
Unknown, 4
Flag presented to Massachusetts by State of Mary-
land, 1
295
The colors were at first draped around the pillars
in Doric Hall, but on April 12, 1866, were ordered
placed in the niches on the north side of the hall
and in the sides of the recess occupied by the
Washington statue. In 1895 they Avere stored in
a fire-proof room, where they remained until placed
in jMemorial Hall, April 2, 1900.
Mr. Charles O. Eaton of Boston made all the
colors that were issued by the State to Massachu-
setts troops in the war of the rebellion, as well as
the Spanish American war, anil had the care of
them until his death, Oct. 16, 1903.
THE STATE HOUSE
The following list gives the number of colors
in Memorial Hall April 28, 1905, prepared chiefly
from a record compiled by the late Captain John
G. B. Adams, Sergeant-at-Arms . Flags known to
have been returned since Dec. 22, 1865, are men-
tioned in foot notes. All are silk unless other-
wise specified.
If a stor}^ of the battle flags of the civil war
could be written, it would be of great historic
value, because so many memories are entwined
around them, but no attemjjt has been made to
do so in this guide book, as space would not per-
mit, and yet, if publishing this list will aid in
promoting the return of any other flags of Massa-
chusetts regiments which may be in the possession
of individuals or associations, it will be sincerely
gratifying.
Battle
Flags
Si
THE STATE HOUSE
Civil War
Flags
BAl ILE FLAGS
Infantry.
United
States,
State.
Miscellaneous.
l8t Regiment,
2d
3d
4th
5th
Gth
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
3
4*
4J
2 white.
11 "
1 1 blue.
1 white.
1 " t
2 §
1 blue.
3 white.
2 shattered staves.
1 U. S. Regimental (blue).
( 1 green embroidered. §
\ 2 green.
1 U. S. Regimental (blue).
* Three U. S. flags were received from the Sixth Regiment
Association, by vote of April 19, 1900, and placed in Memorial Hall
April 10, 1901.
t The State flag was returned to the Commonwealth Oct. 30, 1894 ;
placed in the custody of the Sergeant-at-Arms Dec. 22, 1894.
} Three U. S. flags were received Jan. 12, 1900, from Benjamin
F. Peach, late colonel Eighth Regiment, M. T. M.; deposited in
Memorial Hall Feb. 5, 1900. One was presented to the regiment by
the sons of Massachusetts residing in New York ; one by the lady
friends of the Seventh Regiment, N. G. S. N. Y. ; one by the loyal
citizens of Baltimore, Maryland.
§ One State flag is white; the other white front, reverse green.
One green flag was presented to the regiment by the Irish citizens
of Boston ; the other by friends of the regiment. The embroidered
flag by the officers of the G3d, 69th and 8Sth N. Y. Vols., Irish
Brigade.
49
THE STATE HOUSE
BATTLE FLAGS
CivU War
Flags
Infantry.
United
States.
State.
Miscellaneous.
12th Regiment,
13tli
Uth
loth
16th
ITth
18th '«
19th "
20th
2l9t "
22d
23d
24th
2
1
1
2 t
2
3
2
5t
3
3
3
2
211
2 white.
2
1
1
2
3
2
3
2
2
1 white .
2 " II
1 State "Webster " (white).*
1 shattered staff.
1 shattered staff.
(See note on page 45.)
* The " Webster " flag was received by vote of the Twelfth Regi-
ment Association passed Jan, 20, 1898; placed in Memorial Hall
Feb. 28, 1900.
t One U. S. flag was returned by the U. S. Government (see page
40); placed with the other flags Dec. 22, lSt»4.
t One State flag was returned to Governor Alexander H. Bullock
Sept. 12, 1866.
§ One State flag was returned to Governor William L. Douglas
April 13, 1905, by the Confederate Memorial Literary Society of
Richmond, Va. ; placed in the custody of the Sergeant-at-Arms
the same day.
II One State flag was returned by the U. S. Government (see
page 40) ; placed with the other flags Dec. 22, 1894.
IT The colors were received by Governor Alexander H. Bullock
Jan. 27,1806.
43
r
THE STATE HOUSE
civil War
Flags
BAl ILE FLAGS
Infantry.
United
States.
State.
Miscellaneoos.
25th Kegiment,
2
1 blue.*
_
26th
2
2 white.
_ _ _
27th
2
1 "
_
28th
3
2 "
1 green, t
29th
3
1 "
-
30th
3
1 "
-
31st
3
2 "
-
32(1
1
1 "
-
33d
3
2 "
-
34th
1
1 "
1 U. S. Regimental (blue).
35th
2
2 U. S. Regimental (blue).
36th
2
2 white.
-
37th
2
1 "
-
38th
2
1 "
1 U. S. Regimental (blue).
39th
2
2 "
-
40th
2
2 "
1 U. S. Regimental (blue).
41st
1 "
-
42d
1 "
-
43d
1 "
-
44th
1 "
_
45th
1 "
- - -
* The State fla^ was presented to the regiment by several ladies
of Worcester in March, 1864.
t The green flag was presented to the regiment by the city of
Boston.
I
44
V
THE STATE HOUSE
BATTLE FLAGS
Civil War
Flags
Ikfantry.
Un
Sta
ted
State.
Miscellaneous.
46th Regiment,
47tli
48tli
49th
50th
51st
52d
53d
54th
55th
56th
57th
58th
59th
60th
61st
2
2
2t
2
1
1
1 white.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
(See note page 48.)
* One State flag was returned March 31, 1875.
t One U. S. and one State flag were returned by the U. S. Gov-
ernment (see page 40) ; placed with the other flags Dec. 22, 1894.
Note.— A State flag of the Nineteenth Infantry, captured in
Virginia in 1864 and rescued by Edward H. Bissell of Charlotte,
N. C, was received at the State House in March, 1867, but has been
missing ever since. It was found among the effects of Col. Nehe-
miah Brown, late Assistant Adjutant General. His nephew, Ralph
G. Brown of Marblehead, presented it to Governor Douglas April
18, 1905. On one side is the State coat-of-arma ; on the reverse a
pine tree, liberty cap and motto " God speed the right."
THE STATE HOUSE
civil War
Flags
BATTLE GUIDONS
Light Artilleet.
T'nited
States.
State.
1st Battery
-
1 red and white.
2d
-
1 red and white.
3d
1
-
-
4th
2
-
-
5th '
2
-
-
6th
2
2 red and white.
~
7th
2
1 red and white.
8th '
1
1 red and white.
9th '
3
1 red and white.
10th •
3
( 1 red and white.
\ 1 red.
11th '
3
3 red and white.
12th '
1
1 red and white.
13th '
1
1 red and white.
14th '
2
1 red and white.
15th '
1
1 red and white.
16th •
2
1 red and white.
/
46
^
1
THE STATE HOUSE
BATTLE FLAGS
ClvH War
Flags
Heavy Artillery.
United
States.
State.
Miscellaneous.
1st Regiment,
2d "
3d
4th
1st Battalion,
2 yellow.
1
1
1
1 "
2 U. S. guidons
(bunting).
2 U. S. guidons.
BATTLE FLAGS
Cavalry.
United
States.
State.
Miscellaneous.
1st Regiment,
2d "
3d
4th
5th
1st Battalion Frontier
Cavalry,
1
2
Sguidonst
1 blue.
1 "
1 "
1 "
1 "
1 staff, with a small
portion of blue
flag attached.
1 U. S. guidon.*
1 U. S. guidon.
* A recaptured U. S. guidon, returned to Gov. William L.
Douglas by the Secretary of War, — joint resolution of Congress,
approved Feb. 28, 1905, — and received by the Sergeant-at-Arms
April 4, 1905.
t One each, Cos. A, B, C, D, E.
THE STATE HOUSE
Civil War
Flags
BATTLE FLAGS
Fourth Cavalry Brigade, Dcpt. of the Gulf, 1 lifcht blue flag,
with cross sabres embroidered.
McLaughlin's Brigade, 1 dark blue bunting flag.
One II. S. flag, presented to Massachu.setts by the State of
Maryland, June 17, 1865. It has 35 white silk stars embroidered
in the Union.
UNKNOWN COLORS
No. 1. A U. S. guidon.
No. 2. A fragment of a U. S. guidon, with letters " Co. B "
and two embroidered stars. Nos. 1 and 2 are attached to one
stafif.
No. 3. A U. S. flag, badly torn; Union nearly all gone; no
lettering and the flag is not on original staff.
No. 4. A State color, but there is not enough left to designate
to which regiment it belongs.
Note. —A recaptured U. S. flag of the Fifty-seventh Infantry
was returned to Gov. William L. Douglas by the Secretarj- of
War, — joint resolution of Congress, approved Feb. 28, 1905,—
and received by the Sergeant-at-Arms April 28, 1905.
THE STATE HOUSE
^
The north and south panels contain paintings by
Henry Oliver AValker.
The Pilgrims on the " Mayflower " *
A group of Pilgrims is seen on the deck of the
"Mayflower," at the end of their long voyage.
Worn with suffering and fatigue, they are gazing
at the shore, which is at last in sight. The paint-
ing aims to represent the spirit of that moment.
The actual forms of the Pilgrims are not known.
There is thought to be in existence an authentic
l^ortrait of only one of them, but types have been
selected to represent, if possible, their physical
bearing. The spectator may fancy that he sees in
this assemblage the shapes of Brewster, Bradford,
Winslow, Carver, Standish and Alden.
Over their heads ai'e two angels bearing an open
Bible, and across the painting is the inscription,
' ' For the Lord is our defence, and the Holy One
of Israel is our King." (Psalms 89: 18.)
John Eliot preaching to the Indians t
The scene chosen by the artist is a spot on the
Charles River near Natick. John Eliot is shown
engaged in his life work of preaching the Gospel
to the Indians.
» Unveiled for public inspection May 29, 1902. t Exposed
to view April 8, 1903.
49
Historical
Paintings
Walker
THE STATE HOUSE
Historical
Paintings
Simmons
Tlio pointings in the east and west panels are
l)y Kilward Simmons.
Concord Bridge, April 19, 1775*
The first armed resistance to British aggression.
When General Gage dispatched eight hundred
men, under Lieutenant Colonel Smith and ^lajor
Pitcairn, to Lexington and Concord on the evening
of April 18, 1775, he thought his plans were im-
known to llu' patriots, but Dr. Joseph "WaiTcn had
been watching his movements and Paul Revere
was well on his way to arouse the inliabitants.
On the morning of April 19, Pitcairn reached
Lexington and found about seventy patriots there
to opijose his advance. He ordered them to dis-
perse but they refused and tlie first blood of the
Revolution was shed. The British troops kept on
to Concord and three companies were detailed to
guard the Xorth Bridge. Two companies of
pati-iots, under command of Major John Buttrick,
volunteered to dislodge the guard. As they drcAv
near the bridge the British fired and a general
action ensued, when the British retreated in con-
fusion. IMr. Simmons rej^resents the patriots
rushing down the road to dislodge the enemy,
while the red-coats can be seen in the distance.
» Exposed to view Dec. IS, 1902.
so
THE STATE HOUSE
The Return of the Colors to the Custody of the
Commonwealth, Dec. 22, 1865*
This represents the scene described on page 39.
Major General William Francis Bartlett
In the north-east niche is a bronze statue of
Major General William Francis Bartlett, f — the hero
of Port Hudson, — by Daniel Chester French.
Chapter 55, Resolves of 1901, provided that this
statue should be erected on the State House grounds,
but on April 29, 1903, the governor and council
voted that it should be placed in Memorial Hall,
as authorized by chapter 4 of the Resolves of 1903.
The statue was dedicated May 27, 1904, the
anniversary of the assault on the Confederate works
at Port Hudson, Louisiana. After the j^resentation
address by Lieutenant Governor Curtis Guild, Jr.,
Master James Dwight Fi'ancis, grandson of General
Bartlett, imveiled the statue and it was accepted by
(Governor John L. Bates in the presence of Mrs.
Bartlett and family, a large company of civil war
veterans of the 20th, 49th and 57tli regiments,
state officials and other invited guests. After the
ceremonies in Memorial Hall, the more formal
exercises were held in the House of Representatives,
Historical
Painting
Simnions
Bartlett
THE STATE HOUSE
Bartlett
Busts
(Jovernor liatcs presidinj;, and tlic oration was
delivered Ijy Brigadier Cioneral Morris Schaff.
(Inscription)
WILLIAM 1 KA.Nf IS liAKTLETT
A VOLUNTEER IN THE <IVII« WAR
A MAJOR GENERAL AT THE AGE OF TWENTV-FfJUH
FOREMOST TO PLEAD FOR KECONCILIATION
BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH
HORN 1840. DIED 1876.
The statue is of heroic size. It represents
General Bartlett salutino: the colors, — wearino: the
old time army coat, with long-skirted dress coat
and high boots, with the sword and belt of the
mounted othe(!r, one hand grasping the hilt of his
sword, while in the other is the once familiar
army hat. In the niche at the right are the colors
of the 20th regiment in which he served as captain,
w^hile opposite are the colors of the 49th and 57th
regiments, both of which he commanded as colonel.
The pedestal is made of "Cippolino" marble
from Italy.
Ames — Russell — Greenhalge
In arched recesses may be seen busts of gov-
ernors : —
Oliver Ames, 1887-90. Modelled by Robert
Kraus in 1890 and presented by ]Mrs. Ames in
1900.
AVilliam E. Russell, 1891-94. Modelled by
Richard E. Brooks in 1893 and presented by friends
in 1897.
THE STATE HOUSE
Frederic T. Greenhalge, 189-1-96. Modelled by
Samuel J. Kitson in 1895 and presented by -citizens
of Lowell, Feb. 28, 1896.
Memorial Hall has cost to March 27, 1905,
$309,118.93. The floors of this and the Grand
Staircase Hall are inlaid with six varieties of
marble, — white Italian, Pavonazzo, grand antique,
Languedoc, Siena and Vei't Campan. The fire-
places in the Senate reading room and ofiice of
Clerk, House of Representatives, are made of onyx ;
the one in tlie ofiice of tlie President of the
Senate is black and gold Italian marble ; those in
the reception, reading and writing rooms. House
of Representatives, are Siena marble ; those in
the rooms of the Clerk of the Senate, Speaker of
the House, Committee on Rules and private room
of the House Clerk, are Rouge jasper. Several
other rooms have fire-places of Siena marble and
there is one of shell marble. The white marble
in the interior of the building is Italian ; the only
American marble is that on the exterior, which
was quarried in Lee, Mass.
Bust
Marble
Main Staircase — Colony and State Seals
Passing out of Memorial Hall and ascending the
main staircase, the visitor will notice a stained glass
window, containing reproductions of the various
oflicial seals of Massachusetts.
Seals
THE STATE HOUSE
Seals
Centre, seal of tlie Colony of Massachusetts, au-
thorized by its charter of March 4, 1628-29. In
April, 1629, the governor in England wrote tlie
colonists here that he had sent over "the Coni-
panyes scale in silver, l)y Mr. Saniuell Sharpe, a
passenger.'' This seal bears the device of an Indian,
and was the only one used for over fifty years, or
until the abrogation of the first charter, in 1684.
The next seal was furnished in 1686 by King
James II, while Sir Edmund Andros was governor.
This had two sides, both being represented in the
window. The armorial part consists of the royal
arms, but distinguished therefrom by adding the
words '< Sigillum Novae Angliae in America."'
Below are seals granted under the second charter
of the Province, — the first during the reign of
George I, the second about 1728, under George II.
On the accession of George III, his name was
substituted for the latter. These seals contained
the royal arms, with a motto pertaining to the
Province.
Still lower down is the seal adopted Aug. 5, 1775,
of an "English American holding a sword in the
right hand and Magna Charta in the left hand, with
the words 'Magna Charta' imprinted on it." The
coat-of-arms, which Avas used from the adoption
of the State constitution in 1780 until June 14. 1898,
is also reproduced. It is erroneously termed the
THE STATE HOUSE
great seal. At the left of the Magna Charta seal
is the personal seal of Governor Francis Bernard,
1760-69, and at the right that of Governor Thomas
Hutchinson, 1769-74 (acting governor the first two
years).
Under the second charter all commissions to
officers in the military service were issued imder
a pri^'y seal, bearing the personal coat-of-arms
of the governor. The seals were usually circular.
Several of these arms (the ai'morial portion) are
shown, and in addition to the dates, which appear
in the window, the names of the respective gover-
nors are given.
In the left section are the arms of the follow-
ing : —
Sir WUliam Phipps, 1691-94
William Stoughton (lieutenant governor, acting
governor), 1694-99
Richard Coote, Earl of Bellomont, . . . 1699-1701
Joseph Dudley, 1702-15
Samuel Shute 1716-22
In the right section : —
William Dummer (lieutenant governor, acting
governor), 1723-28
William Burnet, 1728-29
Jonathan Belcher, 1730-41
William Shirley, 1741-57
Thomas Pownall 1757-60
The seals of Governors Bernard and Hutchinson
have already been mentioned.
THE STATE HOUSE
Executive
Depart-
ment
Elxecutive Department — Council Chamber
The executive department occupies the west wing,
third floor. All Ihe governors elected under the
constitution of Massachusetts, except three, have
performed the duties of their office in these rooms,
the administrations of Jolin Hancock, James Bow-
doin and Samuel Adams having ended before the
completion of the Bulfinch State House.*
The visitor will enjoy seeing in tliis depart-
ment photograjjlis of the governors and councils
of several years; a portrait of Charles Bulfinch,!
architect ; a state flag bearing, in the upper left
hand corner, the following words: — "This flag
was sent to Iving's Mountain, N.C., at the request
of the committee on the Centennial Celebration of
the Battle. After its use there, it was returned
with the inscription it bears below." In the lower
left hand corner are the words: — "King's Moun-
tain Centennial, October 7, 1880." In addition
there is a portrait of Den3-s De Berdt, f presented
to the Commonwealth Jime 7, 1780, by Richard
Cary, Esq., and the coat-of-arms of the De Berdt
family, presented to (lovernor John L. Bates, by
William E. Merrill. Tlie portrait originally hung
in the Council Chamber of the old State House ; it
* During the alterations of 1896 and 1897 the governor and
council occupied rooms Nos. 240-242 in the extension, t See
Appendix.
S6
THE STATE HOUSE
was brought to the executive department in the
Bulfinch State House, was later removed to the State
Library and now, under an order of the Council
of July 16, 1902, has been placed in the execu-
tive department again.
The Council Chamber is of the Corinthian order.
The north wall is ornamented by the eaduceus and
caji of liberty, representing peace and freedom ; the
east wall by a golden star, representing Massachu-
setts,— one of the thirteen original states; the
south wall by the scale and sword of justice, em-
blems of executive power ; the west wall by the
arms of the Commonwealth. Wreaths of oak and
laurel complete the decorations. The walls and
ornamentations of this room are those originally
placed there by Bulfinch.
Portraits of nine governors, a colonial councillor
and a representative in Congress have been ar-
ranged upon the walls in the governor's depart-
ment.
Executive
Depart-
ment
Council
Ciiamber
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THE
STATE HOUSE
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THE STATE HOUSE
Senate
War
Relics
Senate Chamber
Passing through tlie ciisl corridor, the visitor
enters the Senate chamber, with its galleries formed
by Doric columns, tlie whole being surrounded by
Doric entablatures. The four flat arches, united by
a circular cornice above, form in the angles four
pendants to the dome. The pendants are adorned
with emblems of commerce, agriculture, peace and
war.
Over the President's chair are the National and
State flags, the gilded eagle already mentioned,
holding in its beak a large scroll with the inscrip-
tion "God save the Commonwealth of Massachu-
setts,"' and ujjon the north wall are the State arms.
Suspended from the south wall are tvvo muskets,
— a King's arm, cajjtured from the British by Capt.
John Parker on the morning of April 19, 1775, in
the battle of Lexington, — being the first firearm
taken from the enemy in the war for inde2)endence,
— and the firearm used b}' Captain Parker in that
battle, both bequeathed by Rev. Theodore Parker
(they were received Jan. 26, 1861, Governor
Andrew delivering an address . before a joint con-
vention of the Legislature*).
In the niches are busts of —
* Senate Journal of Jan. 2G, 1861, and Boston " Journal " of
Jan. 28, 1861.
THE STATE
HOUSE
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61
THE STATE HOUSE
Senate
Old
Senate
Chamber
111 lliis room tlie House- of Representatives held
its sessions from Jan. 11, 1798, to Jan. 2, 1895,
when new quarters were provided in the extension,
i'revious to 1867 there was no galler}' in the front
or rear of this hall. A balcony on each side, below
the gallery, reached by a short flight of stairs from
the floor, was used by members until 1862.* The
members sat in pews until the session of 1868,
when chairs were occupied for the first time.
These were arranged in straight lines on a level
floor. The following summer (1868) the floor was
raised and the seats arranged in circular form.
During the preservation and renewal of the Bulfinch
State House, it having l)een decided that the Sen-
ate should occui)y this chamber, the floor was
again made level and the seats arranged in a circle
for the convenience of the forty senators. The
Senate held its first session here Jan. 5, 1898.
Old Senate Chamber
The old Senate Chamber (now called the Senate
reception room), where its meetings were held
from Jan. 11, 1798, to Jmie 10, 1896, f is of Ionic
design, and occupies the east wing. The State
arms face the entrance. On the walls hang por-
traits of nineteen governors.
* I have been unable to ascertain when the balconies were
added, but it must have been previous to 1S.53, as they appear
on a plan of the " State House and enlargement," 1853-54, drawn
by Gridley J. F. Brj-ant. architect.
t Barring the interval from Feb. IS-April S, 1895, as noted
on page 11.
62
THE STATE HOUSE
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THE STATE HOUSE
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THE STATE HOUSE
riginal. Painted in 1823. Presented by " The
Republican Institution," May 16, 1874.
rom original by Chester Harding. Pur-
chased under chapter 80, Resolves 1899.
rem a picture painted from life by Francis
Alexander. I'resented by John Chandler
Bancroft Davis, New York, George Henry
Davis, Horace Davis, California, Andrew
McFarland Davis, Massachusetts, and John
Davis, Washington, D. C, in 1892.
rom original by Matthew Wilson, 1855. Pre-
sented by Mrs. Sarah Parker Clifford of New
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Portraits
THE STATE HOUSE
War
Relics
Ilcrt! is a inusket used Ijy Major Joliii I>utlrii-k
at tlu! North Uridyl;, ('onctord, April I'J, 1775, —
pn'sented to the Coninionwc^alth by his great-j^arid-
children James (1. an<l ^lartha 'M. IJuttrick of
Lowell, April 16, 1902 ; a drum l^eaten at the battle
of IJunker Hill. June 17, 177o, by Thomas Scott;
a Hessian hat, sword, gun and drum captured at
the battle of Bennington, August 16, 1777, — pre-
sented by Brigadier General John Stark, — and a
letter of acknowledgment to General Stark by
Jeremiah Powell, President of the Council, dated
December 5, 1777 ; a drum captured from the
British in the same l)attle, — the gift of Robert L.
Day of Melrose, January 28, 190-t ; a canteen, Avar
of 1812 ; a key to powder magazine on Captain's
Island, Cambridge ; a drum * carried and beaten
by Henry J. White, a drummer in Company I.
6th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infimtry, on
their march through Baltimore, April 19, 1)^61 :
a musket carried by Charles A. Taylor, a private
in Company D of the same regiment, who fell on
the march of that day. This musket, which had
been fired and the ramrod lost })robably in reload-
ing, was found in an adjacent house and given to
Wilson Post No. 1. G. A. R., of Baltimore, who
presented it to the Gth Regiment Association. At
* Presented to Governor Long, November 17, 1882, by Mr.
White.
THE STATE HOUSE
Lowell, April 19, 1881, the association presented
it to the Commonwealth through Governor John
D. Long.
There may also be seen in this room two flao-s,
— a regimental flag which Gen. W infield Scott,
U. S. A., gave to the only Massachusetts regiment
that fought in the Mexican war (this flag was one
of four jjresented to meritorious regiments in the
service of the United States during that war ; it is
green silk, embroidered, with the Xational coat-of-
arms in the centre, while above are thirty stars,
representing the numl^er of states then in the L^nion,
and below are the words : " Massachusetts Volunteer
Infantiy") ; the other is a United States garrison
flag which waved from the flag staff at Gen.
Ulysses S. Grant's headquarters, City Point, Virginia,
in the Civil war. It was given by General Grant
to his staff ofticer, Col. Amos Webster, in April,
1865, after the surrender of the Confederates at
Appomattox Court House, and he in turn presented
it to Roger Wolcott, Governor, through John D.
Long, Secretary of the Na\'y, January 26, 1898,
(the flag is of bunting and is thirty-six feet long) .
Li the corridor are group pictures of senators.
Continuing northward, the visitor enters the Senate
reading room (finished in white mahogany), where
may be found the oil paintings and photographs
designated on the following pages : —
War
Relics
Senate
Reading
Room
THE STATE HOUSE
Portraits
rem portrait by Gilbert Stuart.
Presented by Samuel C. Cobb,
Feb. 15, 1882.
ainted in 183;\ from life. I're-
sented by (Jen. Francis H. Ap-
pleton of Boston, May 2(), 1882.
rom life. Presented by Mrs.
Mary Lynch of I>igby, Nova
Scotia, April 23, 188ti.
ainted in lS5;i, from an engrav-
ing. Presented by members
of the Legislature in 1853,
(Private subscription.)
rom life. Purchased under
chapter 91, Resolves 1S95.
roiu life. Presented to the
Senate, Juno 3, 1901, by Wil-
liam B. H. Dowse.
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Chester Hardi
Charles Osgoo
Joseph Ames,
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THE STATE HOUSE
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THE STATE HOUSE
Senate
Great
Seal
Charters
Thence to the olVu-es of the rrcsiilent and ('h;rk.
In the hitter are two crayon portraits, — of Stephen
N. Clifford, Clerk, 1858-April 18, 1886, presented
by Augustus Marshall of Boston, in 188G, and of
E. Herbert Clapp, Clerk, 1886-88, the gift of Mrs.
Elizabeth G. Clapp, in 1898.
Note. The first General Court, which was held under the
constitution, assembled in IJoston, Wednesday, October 25, 1780.
It held three sessions and was prorogued May 19, 1781. From
1781 until 1832 the political year commenced on the last
Wednesday in May. In 1832 the constitution was amended
so that the political year should begin the first Wednesday in
January.
Department of the Secretary of the Commonwealth
Still farther on, in the main ofBce of the Secretary
of the Commonwealth, is the great seal. In his
private office is the official representation of the
coat-of-arms, as drawn and emblazoned imder the
direction of the Secretary, William M. Olin, and
adopted by the Legislature June 14, 1898. There
are also here, safely encased in asbestos boxes, the
Colony charter of Massachusetts Bay, issued by
Charles I, 1628; the Province charter, by William
and Mary, 1692; explanatory charter, by George
II; the original constitution of the Commonwealth
and an attested copy, made in 1894, under Resolve
No. 58 of that year, the original having become
illegible in parts.
THE STATE HOUSE
In the archives division, fourth floor, are all the
executive and legislative records of Massachusetts.
Of especial interest are the military records of the
Narragansett war, the French and Indian campaigns,
the muster and pay rolls of the Revolution. There
is now a complete record-index from 1710 to 1783,
covering the years of the French and Indian and
Revolutionary wars. Here are also preserved the
records of the Governor and Company of 'Neyv
England, Avhich later became the records of the
General Court ; the original parchment treaties made
with the tribes of eastern Indians ; the original
depositions and examinations of persons accused of
witchcraft ; manuscript letters and papers of the
revolutionar}' period ; maps and plans of early
grants of townships and to individuals by the Pro-
vince and Commonwealth ; the State surveys of
1794 and 1830.
Archives
State Library — The Bradford History
The State Library will be fomid at the extreme
north. It has a collection of about 125,000 volumes,
including statutes of nearly all the countries of the
world, and, with the exception of New York, is
the largest State reference libraiy in the United
States. Here is the "History of Plimoth Planta-
tion,'' by Governor William Bradford, returned to
the Commonwealth from the library of the Consis-
State
Library
THE STATE HOUSE
Bradford
History
House of
Repre-
sentatives
torial and Episcopal Court of London, by the I>ord
Hislioj) of London, through the efforts of George
F. Hoar, United States Senator, and Thomas F.
Bayard, Ambassador at the Court of St. James,
and received in behalf of the Commonwealth by
His Excellency Roger Wolcott, Governor, May 26,
1897 ; also a portrait of Charles Sumner, United
States Senator, by Henry Ulke, — presented to the
Commonwealth in 1884: by James Wormley of
Washington, D. C. In the skylight forming a por-
tion of the ceiling of the reading room are the
memorable dates, 1620, 1775, 1861.
House of Representatives — The Codfish
Leaving the librarj^ and passing into the west
corridor, the visitor enters the reading and writing
rooms and post-office connected with the House of
Representatives. Beyond are the ladies' reception
room and Representatives' chamber, both finished
in white mahogany. The entire wall of the House,
from floor to gallery, is panelled. The gallery is
surmounted by ten Corinthian columns, and above
is the beautiful coved ceiling.* The coat-of-arms
and names of the counties are wrought in the glass :
upon the frieze are the names of fift^--one noted
men : —
* Frescoes by Frank Hill Smith.
74
THE STATE HOUSE
John Carver and William Bradford, the first two gov-
ernors of Plymouth Colony.
John Endecott and John Winthrop, the first two gov-
ernors of Massachusetts Colony.
Sir Henry Vane, governor of Massachusetts Colony in
1636 ; heheaded in England in 1662 for his devotion to
liberty.
Timothy Pickering, adjutant-general and quarter-master-
general on the staff of General "Washington, in the Revolu-
tionary war ; later postmaster-general, secretary of war and
secretary of state in Washington's cabinet, also senator
from Massachusetts.
Henry Knox, major-general in the Revolutionary war and
secretary of war in Washington's cabinet.
Benjamin Lincoln, major-general in the Revolutionary
war.
John Adams, revolutionary statesman ; first vice-presi-
dent and second president of the United States.
Nathan Dane, member of the Continental Congress of
1785-87, and author of the ordinance of 1787 which pro-
hibited slavery in the territories west of the Ohio River.
Josiah Quincy, statesman and president of Harvard
College.
John Quincy Adams, statesman and sixth president of
United States.
Daniel Webster and Charles Sumner, statesmen and
senators from Massachusetts.
Henry Wilson, statesman, senator and vice-president of
the United States.
John A. Andrew, governor of Massachusetts during the
Civil war.
Rufus Choate, orator and senator from Massachusetts.
Theophilus Parsons and Lemuel Shaw, chief justices of
the Supreme Court of Massachusetts.
Joseph Story, justice of the Supreme Court of the United
States.
Edward Everett, statesman, orator. United States senator
and governor of Massachusetts.
Wendell Phillips and William Lloyd Garrison, anti-
slavery orators.
House of
Repre-
sentatives
THE STATE HOUSE
House of
Repre-
sentatives
Horace Mann, educator.
Samuel G. IIo\v<(, educator of the blind.
Charles Allen, member of Congre.ss, and chief ju.stice of
the Superior Court of Massachusetts.
Charles Devens, major-general in the Civil war, attorney-
general of the United States and justice of the Supreme
Court of Massachusetts.
William F. Bartlett, major-general in the Civil war.
Rufus Putnam, brigadier general in the Revolutionary
war, and founder of the Marietta Colony in Ohio.
Benjamin Franklin, revolutionary patriot and scientist.
Nathaniel Bowditch and Benjamin Peirce, mathemati-
cians.
Louis Agassiz, naturalist.
William T. G. Morton, discoverer of the anaesthetic
property in ether.
Charles Bulfinch, architect.
Samuel F. B. Morse, inventor of the electric telegraph.
Alexander Graham Bell, inventor of the telephone.
George Bancroft, William H. Prescott, J. Lothrop Mot-
ley and Francis Parkman, historians.
Ralph Waldo Emerson, poet and prose writer. Nathaniel
Hawthorne, author. Oliver Wendell Holmes, poet and
prose writer. William Cullen Bryant and Henry W.
Longfellow, poets. James Russell Lowell, poet and prose
writer. John Greenleaf Whittier, poet.
John Singleton Copley, artist of ante-revolutionary
period.
William M. Hunt, artist.
Jonathan Edwards, William Ellery Channiug and Phil-
lips Brooks, preachers.
All the foregoing were sons of Massachusetts,
either by birth or adoption.
The Xational and State colors are gracefully
draped over the Speaker's chair; at the right i.'^
the United States shield ; at the left, the State coat-
re
THE STATE HOUSE
of-arms. Ojjposite the desk, between the two
central columns, is suspended the historic
Codfish
Wednesday, March 17, 1784, Mr. John Rowe
" moved the House that leave might be given to
hang up the representation of a Cod Fish in the
room where the House sit, as a memorial of the
importance of the Cod Fishery to the welfare of
this Commonwealth as had been usual formerly."
Possibly an emblem himg in the old State, or
Town, House, but as this structure was burned
Dec. 9, 1747, the codfish doubtless was destroyed.
The State House, in State Street, was erected in
1748, and although it is not known when the cod-
fish was restoi'ed, in a bill of 1773, presented by
Thomas Crafts, Jr., to the Province of Massachu-
setts Bay, the following item appears, — "To
painting Codfish ... 15 shillings."'
As moved by Mr. RoAve, the emblem was sus-
pended in the House, remaining there until trans-
ferred to the new State House, with the archives,
in 1798, and suspended in the House of Repre-
sentatives. March 7, 1895, it was ordered "that
the Sergeant-at-Arms be and is hereby directed
to cause the immediate removal of the ancient
representation of a codfish from its present position
in the chamber recently vacated by the House, and
Codfish
THE STATE HOUSE
Codfish to cause it to be suspentlfd in a suitaljle placf;
over the Speaker's ehair in tiie new chamber.'"
A committee of fifteen, iiinlcr the escort of John
G. B. Adams, Sergeant -at-Arni.s, proceeded to tiie
old chamber, when the emblem was lowered,
wrapped in an American flag, and borne to the
House of Representatives by four messengers. It
was painted by Walter M. Brackett, and April
29, 1895, was ordered to be hung opposite the
Speaker's chair. This was accomplished May 6.
The portrait of Henry H. Childs,* lieutenant
governor 1843, by Moses Wight, in the clerk's
office, committee on rules, was presented to the
Commonwealth by Henry C. Mernan, Aug. 30,
1901.
Leading from the west corridor, beyond tlie
House, are the offices of the Speaker and Clerk.
In the private room of the former are photo-
graphs of the gentlemen who have filled the
Speakers chair since 1780, and the list will be
found on pages 79 and 80.
* See Appendix.
THE STATE HOUSE
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1780-81
1781-82
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1782-83
1785-86
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THE STATE HOUSE
The memorial to Ex-Governor Roger Wolcott,
now being completed by the sculptor, Daniel
Chester French, is to be located in the arch on the
third floor, opposite the main staircase. It will
"consist chiefly of a portrait statue of heroic size,
representing Governor "Wolcott seated in the Gov-
ernor's chair. The statue will be mounted upon a
low pedestal of veined white marble, against a
mosaic or colored marble background, with a suit-
able inscription in bronze letters, and flanked on
either side by pilasters upon the front of which
will be sculptured, in white marble, figures repre-
senting the soldier and sailor of the Spanish war."
The corridors between the House of Repre-
sentatives and department of the Secretary of the
Commonwealth are lighted mainly from a stained-
glass window. In the arched panels of the ceiling*
appear the names of John Hancock, Samuel Adams,
Joseph "Warren and James Otis, patriot leaders in
the Revolution. These panels are also adorned
with emblems of education, science, commerce,
agriculture, machinery, peace and war.
Wolcott
In General
The first Sergeant-at-Arms was appointed in
183.5. Previous to that time the duties were per-
formed bv a Messenger to the General Court,
In General
* Frescoes by Frank Hill Smith.
*/
r
THE STATE HOUSE
In General
sonietime.-
called Doorkeeper. Li 1644 the first
I louse of
Deputies appointed a Doorkeeper, and
from that
year to the present the line has not
been broken, as the followini^- list will show: —
1644-51,
Samuel Greene, Doorkeeper.
1651-59,
Edward Micheson, Messenger.
1659-93,
John Marshall, Messenger.
1693-1713, .
James Maxwell, Doorkeeper and Messenger.
1713-15,
Samuel Maxwell, Doorkeeper.
1715-26,
John Flagg, Doorkeeper,
1726-48,
Richard Hubbard, Doorkeeper.
1748-50,
Abraham Belknap, Doorkeeper.
1750-86,
William Baker, Doorkeeper and Messenger.
1774-78,
(I'rovincial Congress), Jeremiah Hunt, Door-
keeper.
1774, .
(At Cambridge) (Provincial Congress), " Mr. Dar-
ling," Doorkeeper.
1786-1835, .
Jacob Kuhn,* Messenger.
1835-59,
Benjamin Stevens, Sergeant-at-Arms.
1859-75,
John Morissey, Sergeant-at-Arms.
1875-86,
Oreb F. Mitchell, Sergeant-at-Arms.
1886-1900, .
(October 19), John G. B. Adams,* Sergeant-at-
Arms.
1900, .
(October 24)-1901 (January 2), Charles G. Davis,
Acting Sergeant-at-Arms.
1901-1904, .
Charles G. Davis, Sergeant-at-Arms.
1904— .
David T. Remington, Sergeant-at-Arms.
The pay of Samuel Greene was "2s p day.
with diett & lodginge." Greene and Edward
]\Iicheson
served under the Massachusetts Bay
Company,
when the Court met in the old First
Church on "Washington Street ; John Marsliall
served under the Province, and was custodian of
the first
Pown House (built 1657) ; James ^lax-
well and
Ivichard Hubbard were messengers re-
* See Appendix.
<52
V
THE STATE HOUSE
spectively when the first and second Town Houses
were burned (1711 and 1747) ; Abraham Belknap
became custodian of the present " old State House " *
(Iniilt 1748) ; William Baker was evidently cus-
todian of the building during the siege of Boston ;
Jacob Kuhn served in the State Street building, as
well as the Bulfinch State House.
March 2, 1798, the agents were directed to build
a house for the Messenger. It was situated on the
easterly side of Hancock Street, No. 46, not far
below the present Hancock Street entrance of the
State House, and Mr. Kulin lived in it for many
years. Benjamin Stevens also resided there until
1848, but tlie property having been sold the pre-
vious year to the water commissioners of the
city of Boston, the Commonwealth purchased the
estate No. 12 Hancock Street, under a resolve of
April 13, 1847, and this was kept as the residence
of the Sergeant-at-Arms until ordered sold, April
G, 1859.
Portraits of the five oflicers who served from
1786 to 1900 may be found in the Sergeant-at-
Arms' depaitment. The crayon of Benjamin
Stevens was given by Charles Edwaixl Stevens,
and the oil paintmg of John G. B. Adams, Darius
In General
* The old State House was built within the walls of its pre-
decessor, erected iu 1713, and ou the site of the Town House of
1G57.
S3
THE STATE HOUSE
In General C()\)\), artist, was presented by the Sergeant-at-
Arins' appointees. May 6, 1901.
Those wlio are interested in heating and lighting
sliould visit tlie engine and dynamo rooms. A few
words only are necessary to show the progress in
tliis department. Tliere were tire-ijlaces originally
in the Bulfincli l)uilding, wood being used entirely
for fuel. Later on came stoves and open grates,
then hot-air furnaces. A hot-water heating appara-
tus was installed in the Bryant addition, and went
into operation in January, 1855 ; but it was not
until the alterations of 1 867-08 that the entire
State House was heated by steam. Doric Hall, the
House of Representatives and certain passageways
were first lighted by gas in 1849 ; the Senate, in
1851. The House was wired for electricity in 1883 ;
the Senate, a few years later; and when the ex-
tension was built, an electric plant, with 9,500
incandescent lights, was installed. In 1902 a coal
pocket was built under the park. It is 106' long,
76' wide, 19' 6" high at the centre. Basing the
cubic contents of a ton of coal at 32 cubic feet,
the pocket will contain 4500 tons.
The remaining portions of the building are de-
voted to departments and committee rooms. In
one of the latter — Senate judiciary, Xo. 429, — is
a skvlio-ht on which have been painted the names
of Adams, Pickering, Webster, Cabot, Strong, Bates,
THE STATE HOUSE
Davis, Silsbee, Otis, Varnum, Mason, Hoar, Lodge,
Dawes, Foster, Dexter, Rockwell, Everett, Sumner,
Wilson, Boutwell, Gootllme, Washburn, Sedg^vick,
Rantoul, Winthrop, Choate, Dalton, Mills, Mellen,
Ashmun, Gore, Lloyd, — L'nited States senators
from Massachusetts. The door of this room con-
tains glass panels with 2)aintings of the " May-
Hower, Plymouth, December XXI, MDCXX" and
•'Arbella, Salem, June XH, MDCXXX."
Frederick P. Vinton has the contract for painting
the portrait of Ex-Governor W. ^Murray Crane; the
contract for the portrait of Ex-Governor John L.
Bates has not yet been awarded.
In General
THE STATE HOUSE
APPENDIX
Appendix JOHN G. B. ADAMS
Captain Xinetccntli Regiment ^Massachusetts
Volunteer Infantry, Civil war; Messenger to
Electoi-al College, 1868; insi)ector, Boston Cus-
tom House, 1877-78; postmaster at Lynn, 1878
— Dee. lo, 1884, (resigned) ; deputy super-
intendent Massaeliusetts Keformatory, 1885 ;
sergeant-at-arms Massachusetts Legislature,
1886-Oct. 19, 1900; commander-in-chief G. A.
K., 1893-94.
SAMUEL ADAMS
Clerk House of Representatives ; Colonial Leg-
islature, 1765-74 ; First and Second Continental
Congress ; signer Declaration of Independence ;
assisted in framing State Constitution, 1780;
jjresident Senate, 1781-86, 1787-88; Council;
Massachusetts Ratifying Convention, 1788: lieu-
tenant governor, 1789-94; governor, 1794-97.
OLIVER AMES
Senate, 1880 : lieutenant governor, 1883-87 ;
governor, 1887-90.
JOHN A. ANDREW
House of liei)resentatives, 1858; Republican
National Convention. 1860; "war governor""
of Massachusetts, 1S61-66.
NATHANIEL P. BANKS
House of Representatives, 1849-52:
1851, 52; Senate, 1874
peaker.
chairman State Cousti-
THE STATE HOUSE
tutional Convention, 1853 ; Congress, 1853-57,
1805-73, 1875-77, 1889-91 ; siJeaker iS^alional
House of ReiH-esentatives, 1855-57 ; governor,
1858-61 ; major-general. Civil war; U. S. mar-
shal, 1879-88 : presidential elector, 1892.
Appendix
WILLIAM FRANCIS BARTLETT
Captain Twentieth Massachusetts Volunteer In-
fantry, Civil war, 1861 ; colonel Forty-ninth
Infantry, 1862 ; colonel. Fifty-seventh Infantiy,
1863 ; brigadier general, 1864 ; brevet major-
general, 1865.
GEORGE S. BOUTWELL
House of Eepresentatives, 1842-44, 1847-50;
bank commissioner, 1849-50; governor, 1851-
53 ; State Constitutional Convention, 1853 ; Re-
publican Xational Convention, 1860; secretary
Board of Education, 1855-61; commissioner in-
ternal revenue, 1862, 63; Congress, 1863-69;
secretaiy of treasury, 1869-73 ; U. S. Senate,
1873-77 ; Codified Statutes at large, 1877 ; coun-
sel for L'nited States before French and Ameri-
can Claims Commission, 1880.
JAMES BOWDOIN
General Court, 1753-56, 1769 ; Council, 1756,
1769, 1770-74; president Provisional Coimcil,
1775 ; presided over State Constitutional Con-
vention, 1779; governor, 1785-87; Massachu-
setts Ratifying Convention, 1788.
JOHN Q. A. BRACKETT
Boston Common Council, 1873-76, president,
1876; judge advocate general, First Brigade
M.V.M., 1874; House of Representatives, 1877-
81, 1884-86 : speaker, 1885, 86; lieutenant
governor, 1887-90 ; governor, 1890.
THE STATE HOUSE
Appendix SIMON BRADSTREET
As.si>l:iiit jiulu^i' lirst court in the Colony, 1G30;
iiji^t'iit jiiul .secretary of Massacliusetts ; gover-
nor's assistant and conniiis.sioncr to the United
Colonies, lO/iO; a^^ent for Colonics in England,
l(i()2 ; deputy governor, 1678-79; governor,
1679-86; 1689-92.
GEORGE N. BRIGGS
Uegisdar of deeds, 1824-31 ; Congress, 1831-
43; governor, 1844-51; State Constitutional
Convention, 1863; justice Court of Common
Pleas, 1853-59.
JOHN BROOKS
( 'olonel in Revolutionary army ; major-general
Massachusetts Militia ; House of Representa-
tives; Massachusetts Ratifying Convention,
1788 ; Senate ; Council ; marshal and inspector
of revenue, 1795; adjutant-general, 1812-15;
governor, 1816-23.
CHARLES BULFINCH
Akciiitect. Designed the State House, City
Hall, Faneuil Hall and other buildings in Boston.
In 1817 went to AVashington, I). C. where he
drew plans and superintended the consti'uction
of the National Capitol.
ALEXANDER H. BULLOCK
House of Representatives, 1845-48, 1861-65;
speaker, 1862-65 ; Senate, 1849 ; commissioner
of insolvency, 1853-56 ; judge of insolvency.
1856-58; mayor of Worcester, 1859 ; governor,
1866-69.
ANSON BURLINGAME
Senate, 1852; member of convention for revising
State Constitution, 1853: Representative in Con-
gress, 1855-61; minister to Cliina, 1861-67,
THE STATE HOUSE
when he framed articles supplementary to the
treaty of 1858, which was China's first formal
recognition of international law, and was known
as the Burlingame treaty ; concluded in behalf of
China, treaties with United States, England,
Sweden, Prussia, Holland, Denmark.
WILLIAM BURNET
Governor of New York and New Jersey, 1720-
28; governor of Massachusetts, 1728-29; chosen
governor of New Ilamijshire, 1730.
BENJAMIN F. BUTLER
House of Representatives, 1853; Senate, 1859;
delegate to Democratic National Convention,
1860 ; major-general in the Civil war ; member
of Congress, 1867-75, 1877-79 ; governor, 1883.
HENRY H. CHILDS
House of Representatives, 1816 and 1827 ; State
Constitutional Convention, 1820 ; lieutenant gov-
ernor, 1843.
WILLIAM CLAFLIN
House of Representatives, 1849-53 ; Senate,
1860, 61 ; president of Senate, 1861 ; Republican
National Executive Committee, 1864-72; chair-
man, 1868-72; lieutenant governor, 1866-69,
governor, 1869-72; Congress, 1877-81.
JOHN H. CLIFFORD
House of Representatives, 1835 ; district attorney,
1839-49 ; Senate, 1845 ; attorney-general, 1849-
63, 1854-58 ; governor, 1853 ; president Sen-
ate, 1862.
DAVID COBB
Provincial Congress, 1775 ; officer of continental
army ; brevet brigadier general, 1783 ; judge
Appendix
THE STATE HOUSE
Appendix f'ourt of ( 'oiiuiioii I'Ica-, 17H4-!)(>: spoakor
House of Ue])resentativ<!s, \lH'J-[yA; Con^es.s,
1793-95; Senate, eastern district of Maine;
president Senate, 1801-05 ; eliief justice Hancock
('ounty (Main<!) Court of Common Pleas, 1803-
09; lieutenant governor, 1S09-10; Hoard of
Military Defence, 1812; Council, 1808-10,
1812-18.
JOHN DAVIS
Conuress, 1825-34; governor, 1834-35, 1841,
42;'U. S. Senate, 1835-41, 1845-53.
DENYS DE BERDT
A merchant of London engaged in American
trade ; agent for the colonies of Massachusetts
and Delaware at the court of Creat Britain
during the passage and repeal of the Stamp Act.
CHARLES DEVENS
Senate. I.s4s. 49; V. S. marshal, 1S49-53 ; brig-
adier general and brevet major-general in Civil
war; IJ. S. attorney-general, 1877-81; justice
Supreme Judicial Court, 1873-77, 1881-91.
REV. EDMUND DOWSE
Senate, 1S()9. 70; c-liaplain of Senate, 1880-.Tan-
uary 14, 1904.
JOSEPH DUDLEY
Deputy, 1673-75; commissioner to treat with
Narragansett Indians, 1675; assistant. 1676-85;
agent in P^ngland. 1682 : i)resident of Colony,
May 25-Dec. 20. 1686 ; Council, 1686 ; appointed
chief justice Massachusetts Suiterior Coui-t. 16s7 :
chief justice of New York, 1690-93; governor.
1702-15.
WILLIAM DUMMER
Lieutenant governor, 1716-30; acting governor,
1722-28, 1729-30; Council, 1738-39."
THE STATE HOUSE
JOHN ENDECOTT
Governor, 1629-30, 1644-45, 1649-50, 1651-54,
1655-65; Court of Assistants, 1630-34; con-
ducted exiiedition against Pequot Indians, 1636 ;
deputy governor, 1641-44, 1650-51, 1654-55;
major-general colonial troops, 1645.
WILLIAM EUSTIS
Revolutionaiy army ; with expedition against
insurgents in Shay's rebellion, 1786-87 ; House
of Representatives, 1788-94 ; Council, two
years; Congress, 1801-05, 1820-23; secretaiy
of war, 1809-12; U. S. minister to Holland,
1815-18; governor, 1823-25.
EDWARD EVERETT
Congress, 1825-35 ; governor, 1836-40 ; minister
to England, 1841-45 ; U. S. secretary of state,
1852-53 ; U. S. Senate, 1853-54.
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
Chosen clerk of Pennsylvania Assembly in 1736
and postmaster of Philadelphia in 1737 ; post-
master-general, 1753-54 ; colonial agent of
Pennsylvania in England, 1757-62, 1764-75 ;
speaker of assembly ; agent for New Jersey,
Georgia and Massacliusetts in Great Britain ;
Continental Congress, 1775-76 ;, president of
Pennsjdvania Constitutional Convention, 1776 ;
one of committee of live to frame Declaration of
Independence ; envoy from colonies to France,
1776 ; with Arthur Lee and Silas Deane con-
cluded treat}' with France, signed Feb. 6, 1778;
commissioned Febi'uary, 1779, first U. S. minister
plenipotentiary at the French court; with John
Adams and John Jay concluded with England
the treaty of Paris, Sept. 3, 1783 ; Council of
Pennsj'lvania, 1785 ; president of Penns3'l<'ania,
1786-87 ; Federal Constitutional Convention,
May, 1787.
91
Appendix
THE STATE HOUSE
Appendix THOMAS GAGE
(iovernor of iMontroal, 1760; coninianrlfr-in-
cliief of Hritish forces in North America, 176:5-
72, 1775; governor, 1774; returned to England
in 1775; general, 1783.
HENRY J. GARDNER
Boston Common Council, 1850-54; House of
Representatives, 1851, 52; State Constitutional
Convention, 1853; governor, 1855-58.
WILLIAM GASTON
City solicitor of Roxlniry five years; mayor,
1861-62; mayor of Boston, 1871-72; House of
Representatives, 1853, 54, 1856 ; Senate, 1868 ;
governor, 1875.
ELBRIDGE GERRY
Assembly of Massachusetts Bay, 1773; Provin-
cial Congress, 1775 ; Continental Congress,
1777-80, 1783-85 ; House of Representatives,
178b; U. S. Constitutional Convention, 1787;
Congress, 1789-93; commissioner to France,
1797-98; governor, 1810-12; vice-president
U. S., 1813-14.
CHRISTOPHER GORE
^Massachusetts Ratifying Convention, 1788 ; U. S.
district attorney, 1789-96; commissioner to
settle American spoliation claims against Eng-
land, 1796-1804; charge d'affaires. 1803-04;
governor, 1809-10; U. S. Senate, 1813-16;
presidential elector, 1817.
FREDERIC T. GREENHALGE
Lowell Common Council, 1868, 69; school
committee, 1871-73 ; justice police court, 1874-
84 ; commissioner of insolvency and mayor,
1880-81; city solicitor, 1888: House of Rejpre-
sentatives, 1885 ; Congress, 1889-91 ; governor,
1894-Marcli 5, 1896.
THE STATE HOUSE
JOHN HANCOCK
Selectman of Boston ; General Assembly of
Province, 1766 ; Council ; president Provincial
Congress, 1774-75 ; and of Continental Con-
gress, 1775-77 ; first signer of Declaration of
Independence ; major-general Massachusetts
militia, 1776 ; president State Constitutional
Convention, 1780 ; of Massachusetts Ratifjnng
Convention, 1788 ; first governor of Massachu-
setts under the State Constitution, 1780-85 ; also
1787-93.
Appendix
JOSEPH HOOKER
Captain First U. S. Artillery, 1842 ; Mexican
war; brevet captain, 1846; brevet major and
brevet lieutenant-colonel, 1847 ; brigadier gen-
eral U. S. Volunteers, 1861, and major-general.
May 5, 1862; brigadier general U. S. Army,
Sept. 20, 1862 ; commander Army of the Potomac,
1863 ; brevet major-general U. S. Army, 1865 ;
mustered out as major-general U. S. Volunteers,
1866 ; retired as major-general U. S. Army, 1868.
THOMAS HUTCHINSON
Selectman of Boston, 1737 ; House of Repre-
sentatives, 1737-38, 1740-49 ; speaker, 1746-
48 ; commissioner to adjust boundaiy between
Massachusetts and New Hampshire, 1740; to
treat with Indians at Casco Bay, 1749 ; Covmcil,
1749 ; justice Court of Common Pleas ; commis-
sioner to Albany Congress, 1754; lieuten-
ant governor, 1758-71 ; acting governor, 1760,
1769-71 ; chief justice Superior Court of Judi-
cature, 1761-69; governor, 1771-74.
JACOB KUHN
Assistant messenger to the General Court,
1781-86; messenger, 1786-1835; elected mes-
senger of convention that ratified Federal Con-
stitution, Jan. 9, 1788.
THE STATE HOUSE
Appendix MARQUIS DE LAFAYETTE (MARIE JEAN PALL
ROCH IVES GILBERT MOTIER)
Esjjoused causc! of AnuTii-ans at outbreak of
Revolution ; ai^poiutcd inajor-jreneral in Conti-
nental army, July 31, 1777.
JOHN LEVERETT
With expedition ao;ainst Xarrao;ansetts ; deputy
in (General Court, 1651-53, 1663-05; speaker
portion of tlie time ; colonial agent in Kn<j:land,
1655-62; Council, 1665-71; major-general
militia, 1063-73; deputy governor,
acting governor, 1672; governor,
justice Superior Court of Judicature,
colonial
1671-73:
1673-79
1702-08.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN
Appointed postmaster of New Salem, 111., 1833 :
House of Representatives, 183-1-35 ; elector on
Whig ticket when (ien. AVilliam Henry Harri-
son was candidate for president ; Congress,
1846, serving one term ; sixteenth president
U. S., 1861-April 15, 1865.
LEVI LINCOLN
A representative eight j^ears, between 1812 and
1822 ; speaker, 1822-23 ; Convention to revise
State Constitution, 1820 ; lieutenant governor,
1823-24; justice Supreme Judicial Court,
1824-25 : governor, 1825-34; Congress, 1836-
41; collector port of Boston, 1841-43; Senate,
1844, 45 ; president Senate, 1845 ; presided over
Electoral College, 1848; elector also, 1823, 1864.
JOHN D. LONG
House of Representatives, 1875-78 ; speaker.
1876, 77, 78; lieutenant governor, 1879; gov-
ernor, 1880-83 ; Congress, 1883-S9 ; secretiiiy
of the navy, 1897-Mtu- 1, 1902 (resigned).
94
THE STATE HOUSE
HORACE MANN
House of Representatives, 1827-33 ; Senate,
1833-37 ; president Senate, 183G, 37 ; seere-
taiy Board of Education, 1837-48 ; Congress,
1848-53.
Appendix
MARCUS MORTON
Clerk Senate, 1811-12; Congress, 1817-21;
Council, 1823; lieutenant governor, 1824-25
(acting governor) ; justice Supreme Judicial
Court, 1825-40 ; governor, 1840, 1843 ; collector
poi't of Boston, 1845-48 ; State Constitutional
Convention, 1853 ; House of Representatives,
1858.
BENJAMIN T. PICKMAN
House of Rejjresentatives, 1829-30 ; Senate,
1831-35; president Senate, 1833-35.
ROBERT RANTOUL, Jr.
House of Representatives, 1835-38; Board of
Education, 1837 ; U. S. district attorney, 1845-
49; U. S. Senate, 1851; Congress, 1851-52.
ALEXANDER H. RICE
President Boston Common Council ; ma3'or
Boston, 1855-56 ; Congress, 1859-67 ; Philadel-
phia "Loyalists" Convention, 1868; Republi-
can National Convention, 1868 ; governor,
1876-79.
GEORGE D. ROBINSON
House of Representatives, 1874 ; Senate, 1876 ;
Congress, 1877-84 (resigned) ; governor,
1884-87.
WILLIAM E. RUSSELL
Cambridge Common Council, 1882; alderman,
1883-84; mayor, 1885-88; governor, 1891-94.
THE STATE HOUSE
Appendix WILLIAM SCHOULER
House; of Kepnisentatives, 1844-47, 1849-52;
clerk House of Keprescntativcs, I808; StaU;
Constitutional Convention, 18');}: Senate, 1868;
adjutant-<!;(!nera], Ohio, 18.07; adjutant-general,
Massat'liusetts, 18(J()-(J6.
ROBERT GOULD SHAW
Captain Second Keginient and Colonel Fifty-
fourtli Regiment, j\Iassachusetts A'olunteer In-
fantry in tlie Civil war. The Fifty-fourth was
the first regiment of colored troops from a free
state; mustered into the United States service.
NATHANIEL SILSBEE
Congress, 1817-21; House of Representatives,
1821 ; president Senate, 1823-26 ; U. S. Senate,
1826-35 ; presidential elector, 1824, 1836 ; presi-
dent State Convention at Worcester, 1840 ; Tresi-
dential Convention, 1840.
REV. SAMUEL F. SMITH
Clergyman ; author of
Thee," etc.
My Countr}- "tis of
THOMAS GREELY STEVENSON
Major Fourth U. S. Infantry, 1861 ; colonel
Twenty -fourth Mass. Infantry, Civil war: pro-
moted to lirigadier general of volunteers. 1862;
commanded First division, 2sinth army cori)8,
1864; killed at Spottsylvania, A'a., Mav 10,
1864.
CALEB STRONG
General Court, during Revolution ; countv
attorney, 1776-1800; State Constitutional Con-
vention, 1779; Senate, 1780-80: Coimcil, 1780;
U. S. Constitutional Convention, 1787; Massa-
chusetts Ratifying Convention, 1788; U. S. Sen-
ate, 1789-96 ;' governor, 1800-07, 1812-16.
THE STATE HOUSE
JAMES SULLIVAN
Provisional Congress, 1775 ; justice Supreme
Judicial Coi;rt, 1776-82 ; State Constitutional
Convention, 1779 ; Continental Congress, 178-4-
85; Council, 1787; judge of probate; attorney-
general, 1790-1807; House of Representatives ;
commissioner to fix boundary between L^nited
States and Canada, 1796 ; governor, 1807-08.
CHARLES SUMNER
U. S. Senate, 1851-March 11, 1874; took part
in Free Soil Convention at Lowell, 1852 ; State
Constitutional Convention, 1853 ; abolitionist.
INCREASE SUMNER
Convention of 1777 ; State Constitutional Con-
vention, 1779 ; House of Representatives, 1776-
79 ; Senate, 1780-82 ; justice Supreme Judicial
Court, 1782-97; one of Commission on Revision
of State Laws, 1785 ; Massachusetts Ratifying
Convention, 1788; governor, 1797-99.
THOMAS TALBOT
House of Repi-esentatives, 1851, 52 ; State Con-
stitutional Convention, 1853; Council, 1864-69,
lieutenant governor, 1873, 74; acting governor
from May 1, 1874; presidential elector, 1876
and 1884; governor, 1879.
GARDINER TUFTS
House of Representatives, 1861 ; military agent
of Massachusetts at Washington, 1862-70 ; in-
spector of military hospitals and jjrisons for de-
partment of Washington, 1863 ; assistant provost
marshal, with rank of lieutenant-colonel, 1864;
treasurer Reformatory Prison for Women ; sujier-
intendent State Primary School at INIonson ; super-
intendent INlassachusetts Reformatory, 1884-91.
GEORGE WASHINGTON
Adjutant Virginia troops, 1751 ; lieutenant-colo-
nel, 1754 ; Virginia House of liurgesses and
97
Appendix
THE STATE HOUSE
Appendix ContiiKMitMl T'on^i^ress, 1774-70; coiiiniiinder-iii-
vh'n-l contiiuMitjil forces, 177o-H3; pnisident
Constitutional Convention, 1787; (Iciiuty from
Vir<>inia ; lirst ])r(^si(lent l'. S., 17h9-]7'J7:
lieutenant-general and coinniauder-in-ciiief of
army, 1798.
EMORY WASHBURN
House of Uepresentatives, 182(5-27, 1838, 1877;
Senate, 1841, 42; aide on staff of Covernor Lin-
coln, 1830-34 ; judge C'oiut of Common Tleas,
1844-47; Board of Education; governor, 1854.
WILLIAM B. WASHBURN
Senate, 1850; House of Uepresentatives, 18.54:
Congress, 1862-72; governor, 1872-]\Iay 1.
1874 (resigned) ; U. S. Senate, 1874-75.
DANIEL WEBSTER
State Constitutional Convention and presidential
elector, 1820; House of Representatives, 1^22;
Congress, from New Hampshire, 1813-17; fi'om
Massachusetts, 1823-27 ; I'. S. Senate, 1827-41,
184,5-50; U. S. secretary of state, 1841-43,
18.50-52.
HENRY WILSON
House of Representatives, 1841, 42, 1846, 18.50;
Senate, 1844,45; president Senate, 1851. 52;
State Constitutional Convention, 1853; V. S.
Senate, 1855-73 (resigned) ; vice-president
U. S., 1873-75.
JOHN WINTHROP
Deputv o-overnor, 1636-37, 1644-46; governor,
1630-34'; 1637-40, 1642-44, 1646-49.
ROGER WOLCOTT
Boston Common Council, 1877-80 ; House of
Representatives, 1882-85; lieutenant governor.
1893-97 ; (acting governor from March 5. 1896) ;
governor, 1897-1900. (S2)anish war governor.)
9S
THE STATE HOUSE
L
LIST OF DEPARTMENTS
(Arranged by Floors)
SUB-BASEMENT Room.
District Police :
Deputy Chief, Detective and Inspection Dept., . 1
Inspectors of Public Buildings and Factories ; In-
spectors of Clothing, • 2
Inspectors of Boilers, 3
Detective Department and Fire Inspectors, . North.
State Board of Insanity, Support Department, . G
State Forester, 7
Agent for Discharged Female Prisoners, ... 9
Chief engineer, 11
Bureau of Statistics of Labor :
Trade, Fisheries, Commerce and Agriculture di-
visions, 12
I)J^lamo and engine rooms.
BASEMENT
Civil Service Commission :
Exammation room, 15
Registrar of Labor, Ifi
Chief, District Police, 20
Board of Registration in Pharmacy, .... 22
Commissioners of Prisons, 24
Grand Army of the Republic,
Department of Massachusetts, .... 27
State Board of Charity :
Division of State Adult Poor, 32
Clerk of the Board, 37
Division of State Minor Wards 43
State Board of Insanity, 3H
99
Depart-
ments
THE STATE HOUSE
Depart-
ments
FIRST FLOOR «,,,„.
Controller of County Accounts, KM
Commissioner of Public Ileconls, .... 1(4
InspecUjr (Jeneral of Uitle Practice, .... Ids
Nautical Traininj; School Conimi.ssioners, . . 110
Adjutant General :
Military archives, Ill
Editors of I'rovince Laws, 1 1.">
Barber shop, 117
Secretary of the Commonwealth :
Shipping department, IIH
Matron, • . . I'Jl
Commissioner of State Aid and Pensions :
General office, l--'5
Pension department, 15>i
Board of Commissioners of Savings Banivs, . . 124
State Board of Conciliation and Arbitration, . . 12X
Harbor and Land Commissioners, .... l.'U
State Board of Agriculture :
General office, i;5<>
Cattle Bureau, 138
State Board of Health :
Chief engineer, 140
General office, 141
Gas and Electric Light Commissioners, . . . 14.")
Committee on "Ways and Means, House of Repre-
sentatives, 147
.Tomt committee on Ways and Means, . . . 147
Committee on Pay Roll, 147
Sergeant-at-Arms" department:
General office, 148
Registration of Legislative Counsel and Agents, . 150
Civil Service Commissioners, lol
Information room and public teleiihone, . . . loo
Board of Registration in Medicine, .... 159
SECOND FLOOR
Attorney-General,
Judiciary Committee, House of Representatives,
Joint Judiciary Committee, ....
THE STATE HOUSE
Room.
Treasurer and Receiver-General :
General office, 230
Standard weights and measures, .... 230
Auditor of Accounts, 232
Tax Commissioner and Commissioner of Corpora-
tions, 235
Commissioners on Inland Fisheries and Game, . 238
Committee room, 240
Committee on
Militarj" Affairs, 242
State House 242
Insurance Commissioner, 246
Committee on
Labor 249
Prisons, 249
Bureau of Statistics of Labor 256
Surgeon General , 259
Adjutant General :
War Records division 261
General office, 264
Doric Hall.
Spanish American War flags.
Grand Staircase Hall.
Memorial Hall.
Civil War flags.
]\Iain staircase.
Depart-
ments
THIRD FLOOR
Senate :
Chamber, South.
Reception room, ' Southea.st.
Reading room, Ea.st.
Clerk, 328
President, 329
Secretary of the Commonwealth :
General office 331
Public documents, 333
Corporation division, 334
State Library, North.
Committee on Libraries, In Library.
tot
THE STATE HOUSE
Depart- State Board of Education. .
ments Post and teleKrai)h oflico,
House of Representatives :
AVritiiig room, .
Reading room, .
Ijadies' reception room,
Chamber
Speaker, ....
Committee on Rules,
Clerk of the committee on Rules, ,
Clerk of the House, .
Executive department :
Private secretary to the Governor,
General office, ....
Council chamber.
West.
West.
West.
West.
3.->4
:«7
■.v,u
»J0
FOURTH FLOOR
Senate gallery
Legislative document division, .
Committee on
Counties,
Harbors and Public Lands,
Committee on
Roads and Bridges, ....
Totals,
Federal Relations, ....
Parishes and Religious Societies,
Ways and INIeans, Senate,
Judiciary, Senate, ....
Street Railways, ....
Rules, Senate,
Rules, Joint, .....
Mercantile Affairs, ....
Secretary of the Commonwealth :
Archives,
Committee on
Metropolitan Affairs,
Election Laws,
Public Service,
South.
424
425
42.5
420
42(!
428
42S
428
42*»
42tt
430
430
431
4»4
4.%
4:38
438
THE STATE HOUSE
Room.
Committee on
Public Health 43!)
Water Supply, 4aii
Public Lightuig, 440
Public Charitable Institutions, .... 440
Education, 441
Probate and Chancery, 441
Printing, 442
Gallery, House of Representatives, .... "West.
Reporters, 443
Committee on
Cities, 444
Liquor Law, 444
Elections, House of Representatives, . . . 445
Constitutional Amendments,
Railroads, 446
Banks and Banking, 448
Drainage, 448
Messengers, 449
Senate reporters' gallery, South.
Committee on
Agriculture, 453
Taxation, 453
FIFTH FLOOR
Cupola, South.
State Board of Health laboratory :
Food analysis, 501
Water analysis, 502
Committee on
Fisheries and Game, 505
Insurance, 505
Cafe', North.
Depart-
ments
The following departments have offices outside of tlie
State House : —
Massachusetts Highway Commission, Pemberton Building.
Metropolitan Park Commission, . 14 Beacon Street.
THE STATE HOUSE
Depart-
ments
Metropolitan Water and Sewerage
Commission:
(Jencral office 1 Ashburton Place.
Se\vera},'(! division, . Pemberton Building.
IJailroad Commissioners, . . 20 Beacon Street.
I'oston Transit Commission, . 15 Beacon Street.
Charles River Basin Commission, . 367 Boylston Street.
The committee rooms are permanently assigned, except
in cases of large hearings.
ro4
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