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THE
UNITED STATES
M ed i cal Investigator.
THE MEDICAL SCIENCES.
CONSOLIDATION OF “THE UNITED STATES MEDICAL AND SUUGICAL
JOURNAL” (QUARTERLY, $4.00), VOLUME X., WITH “ THE
MEDICAL INVESTIGATOR (MONTHLY, $3.00), VOL¬
UME XII., COMMENCING JANUARY, 1875.
Vol. XI. —New Series.
CHICAGO :
DUNCAN BROTHERS, 131 and 133 S. Clark Street.
1880.
Digitized by C^ooQie
Copyrighted by Duncan Brothers,
1880.
Digitized by LjOOQLe
INDEX TO VOLUME XI.
A
About our life insurance compa¬
nies, 421.
A case of typho-malarial fever
complicated with acute pneu¬
monia, 416.
Acid, poisoning by Carbolic 299.
A clinical case, 50.
Acute and chronic diseases, 892.
Acute pneumonia and typho-mal-j
arial fever, a case of, 416.
Adhesive straps for counter exten¬
sion of fractured thigh, 57.
ASrated drinks, diuretic action of,
435.
A large fibroid tumor, 204.
Alcoholism, 230.
Allegheny county medical society,
regular meeting of, 190.
Alstonia bark, the, 179.
Amaurosis, prize essay on, 157.
An elementary text-book of ma¬
teria medica, 154.
An evil and its cure, 221.
A new health resort, 51.
A new remedy, 103.
An extensive burn, 390.
Antidotes in alternation, 101.
A peculiar experience in obstet¬
rics, 17.
A portion of bronchial tube
coughed up ; 322.
A powerful disinfectant. 218.
Around the college world, 28,131.
Arseniate of Gold, 303.
Art of singing. 100.
Association, Illinois Homoeopath¬
ic medical, 342.
Asphyxia neonatorum—aponoBa
syncope. 146.
A successful physician, 77.
A therapeutical materia medica,
286.
A trial case for testing the vision,
807.
B
Bandage, the post-partum, 127.
Barks, the Alstonia 179.
\ Birthday of Hahnemann, to the,
255.
Book department, 95,153, 208, 285,
330.
Boston university school of medi¬
cine, 289.
Bronchial tubes, a portion of
coughed up, 322.
Bronchitis, capillary and lobular
pneumonia, 259.
Burn, an extensive, 392.
C
Cancer sufferers, 174.
Can tapeworm be managed, 72.
Capillary bronchitis, and lobular
pneumonia, 259.
Carbolic acid, poisoning by, 299.
Carica papaya, notes on, 295.
Case from practice, 245.
Case of triplets, 206.
Cases from practice, 69, 140.
Cause of the occurrence of labor
at the close of the ninth month
of utero-gestation, 246.
Central N. Y. Homoeopathic Med¬
ical Society, Proceedings of the,
333, 436.
Characteristics of Sinapis alba,
803.
Characteristic symptoms of the
materia medica, repertory of the
156.
Children's department, 35, 61,110,
146, 247,266, 361, 377. 423.
Children, diseases of infants and
99.
Children in Cuba, management
of, 37.
Children, tobacco effects on—rem¬
edy Ignatia, 36.
Chlorate of Potash in typhoid
fever, 354.
Cholera infantum vs, entero-colit-
is, 361,377.
Chromotherapy, 349.
Chronic diseases, and acute, 392.
Climatology, scientific, 29.
Clinical case, 50.
Digitized by ^ooQie
4
Index to Volume XL
Clinical cases, 198.
Clinical memoranda, 140.
Clinical observations, 47, 69, 139,
198, 219, 276, 304, 350, 386. |
Clinical observations in Saint
Jacques’ hospital, 226.
Clinical therapeutics, 100.
Colchicum, extreme effects of 184.
College news, 28,181,210, 241,287,
323.
Cologne water, 145.
Commencement exercises, 242.
Commencement, Hahnemann Col¬
lege 211.
Commencement of Pulte medical
college, 323.
Commencement of the Chicago
Homoeopathic college, 324.
Companies, our life insurance,
320.
Constipation, 69.
Consultation department, 46, 90,
133,162, 208, 237,364.404, 461,492.
Consumption and diphtheria, Wy¬
oming climate, 350.
Convenient method of using Chlo¬
roform, 89.
Convention, international Homoe¬
opathic, 338.
Corneal ulceration, 87.
Corporal punishment, 84.
Counter-extension of fractured
thigh, adhesive straps for, 57.
Country, the modem city health¬
ier than the, 31.
Croup, membranous 118.
Croups compared, 38,63.
Croup, tracheotomy in, 84.
Cure for lead colic, 244.
Curvature of the spine, lateral,
w.
Curvature, spinal, nipped in the
bud, 36.
D
Diseases and their Homoeopathic
treatment, surgical, 286.
Diseases curable, tapeworm, 68.
Diseases of infants and children,
99.
Diseases, rest in nervous, 266.
Disease tendency and weather
provings, 51, 82, 315, 387.
Disinfectant, a powerful, 218.
Dissection of the orbit, 189.
Diuretic action of aerated drinks,
435.
E
Effects of tobacco on children—
remedy Ignatia, 36.
Elementary text-book of materia
medica, 164.
Entero-colitis, vs. cholera infan¬
tum, 361, 377.
Enuresis nocturnal—incontinence
of urine, 256.
Ephemeral paralysis, 44.
Essay on amaurosis, 157.
Evil and its cure, an, 221.
Exercises, commencement, 242.
Experience in obstetrics, a pecu-
culiar, 17.
Experience, some, 312.
Experience with diphtheria, 221,
319.
Experience with remedies in the
tropics, 297.
Experience with Sulpho-Carbolate
of Soda, 388.
Experience with rheumatism, 305.
Extensive burn, an, 392.
Extreme ^effects of Colchicum,
184.
Extremities, measuring of the
lower, 261.
Eve and ear department, 157, 262.
F
Death rate in the married and un¬
married, 205.
Deformities of the mouth, 209.
Development of taenia, 58.
Diabetes insipides, infantile, 256.
Diagnosis of pregnancy, 206.
Dilatation of the urethral urinal.
Facts, pharmaceutical, 215.
Fatty food and ringworm, 62.
Fever, thermometer in, 385.
Fibroid tumor, a large, 204.
Floral Guide, Vick’s, 99.
Fractured thigh, adhesive straps
for counter-extension of, 57.
Functional heart troubles, 330.
Diphtheria and consumption, Wy¬
oming climate, 350.
Diphtheria, experience with, 221.
Diphtheria, Homoeopathic treat¬
ment of, 153. I
Diphtheria. Sulpho-Carbolate of
Soda in, 422. I
G
Gynaecological department, 17,
122, 204, 245, 358.
Gynaecological manipulations, 180.
Gynaecological postural manipu¬
lations, 21.
Digitized by t^ooQie
Index to Volume XL
5
Haemoptysis foretold, 81.
Hahnemann commencement, 211.
Hahnemann, to the birthday of
255.
Health resort, a new, 51.
Heart case, notes on, 166.
Hereditary syphilis, 276.
Hernia, radical cure of, 143.
Homoeopathic college, commence¬
ment of the Chicago, 824.
Homoeopathic convention, inter¬
national, 335.
Homoeopathic medical association
Illinois, 342.
Homoeopathic medical society,!
proceedings of the New York
Central, 333. i
Homoeopathic treatment, interest-!
ing reminiscences of successful,
353.
Homoeopathic treatment of diph¬
theria. 153.
How to get near a sick baby, 423.
Hydrogenoid, syphilis us., 171.
Hygienic department, 371,427,488.
Larynx, tumors of the infantile,
105.
Lateral curvature of the spine, 49.
Lead colic, cure for, 244.
Life insurance companies, 320.
Lobular pneumonia and capillary
bronchitis, 259.
Longevity of medical men in
olden times, 103.
Longevity of the profession with
a moral, 355.
Lqwer extremities, measuring the,
Lycopodium, notes on, 493,
Management of children in Cuba,
37.
Manipulations, gynaecological pos¬
tural, 21.
Materia medica department, 101,
179, 295, 406, 493.
Married and unmarried, death rate
in the, 205.
Measuring the lower extremities,
251.
I
Ignatia a remedy for tobacco
effects in children, 36.
Illinois Homoeopathic medical as¬
sociation, 342.
Incontinence of urine, enuresis
nocturnal, 256.
Indiana Institute of Homoeopathy
445.
Indolent varicose ulcers, treat¬
ment of. 414.
Infantile diabetes insipides, 256.
Infantile larynx, tumors of the,
105.
Infantile therapeutics, 264.
Infants, tuberculosis in nursing,
38.
Innovations, popular, 358.
Interesting notes on yellow fever
in Cuba, 432, 488.
Interesting reminiscences of suc¬
cessful Homoeopathic treatment,
353.
International Homoeopathic con¬
vention, 338.
Insurance companies, our life, 320.
L
Labor at the close of the ninth
month of utero-gestation, cause
of the occurrence, 246.
Labor, on preparing women for.
Medical association, Illinois Hom¬
oeopathic, 342.
Medical education, 151.
Medical men in olden times, lon¬
gevity of, 103.
Medical society, proceedings* of
the New Yorx Central Homoe¬
opathic, 333.
Medical news, 60, 104,141,176,218,
253,292,331,366,409, 497.
Medicine, Boston university school
of, 208.
Medico-legal department, 151.
Membranous croup, 118.
Memoranda, clinical, 140.
Memorial, 441.
Modern city healthier than the,
country, 31.
Modern household medicine, 100.
Moral, the longevity of the pro¬
fession with a, 355.
N
Naja, 186.
Nervous diseases, rest in, 266.
Nerves, division of the optic and
ciliary 252.
Neurological department, 266.
New views on scrofula, syphilis
etc., 61.
Nipped in the bud, spinal curva¬
ture 35.
Notes on Lycopoium, 493.
Notes from practice, 175.
Digitized by ^ooQie
6
Index to Volume XL
Notes on carica papaya, 295.
Notes on the heart case, 106.
Notes on yellow fever in Cuba,
interesting, 432, 488.
Ninth month of utero-gestation,
causes of the occurrence of lab¬
or at the close of the 246.
Nursing infants, tuberculosis in
38.
O
Obstetrics, a peculiar experience
in, 17.
Ohio society, northwestern, 341.
Olden times, longevity of medical
men in, 103.
On gynecological manipulations,
130.
On membranous croup, 118.
On preparing women for labor, 27.
On the heart case*, 166.
On the therapeutics of pertusis,80.
Opium and its antidotes, 188.
Orbit, its dissection, 189.
Our life insurance companies, 320.
P
Pulte medical college commence¬
ment, 323.
Proceedings of the N. Y. Central
Horn. Med. society, 333. Scrofula, syphilis, etc., views on,
Pregnancy, vomiting of, 360. 61.
Pharmacy department, 215. Season hints about gastro-enter-
Proceeding of the Central N. Y. itis, etc., 425.
Homoeopathic Medical Society, Sheet gum and rheumatism, 411.
436. Sick baby, how to get near a, 423.
Pneumonia, lobular, and ciliary Sinapis aiba characteristics, 303.
bronchitis, 259. Skin diseases and perspiration,
Potency problem, 413. 203.
Paralysis, ephemeral, 44. Small pox, 220.
Peculiar experience in obstetrics, School ot medicine, Boston uni-
17. versity, 289.
Peri-utero vaginal malformations. Society, Northwestern Ohio, 341.
22. Society proceedings, 190. 338.
Pertusis, on the therapeutics of. Some experience, 312.
80. Spasm or rectum and throat, 68.
Pharmacuetical facts, 215. Spinal curvature nipped in the
Phlegmasia dolens, 122. bud, 35.
Physician, a successful, 77. St, Jacques' hospital, clinical ob-
Poisoning by Carbolic acid, 299. servations, 225.
Portion of bronchial tube cough- Stricture of the oesophagus, 59.
ed up, 822. Successful Horn, treatment, 353.
Post partum bandage, 127. Sulpho-Carbolate of Soda, 406.
Postular manipulations, gyneco- Sulpho-Carbolate of Sodaindiph-
logical, 21. theria, 422.
Popular innovations, 358. Sulpho-Carbolate of Soda, expert
Powerful disinfectant, 218. ence with, 318.
Practice, case from, 245. Surgical department, 57, 84, 105,
Practice, cases from, 69, 140. 143.
Pregnancy, diagnosis of, 206.
Preparing women for labor, 27.
Prize essay on amaurosis, 157.
Puerperal phlebitis, 122.
Pulse in the puerperal state, the
temperature of the, 100.
Punishment, corporal, 34.
R
Radical cure ot hernia, 143.
Ranunculus rec., some experience
with, 408.
Rectum and throat, spasms, of 68.
Regular meeting of the Allegheny
county medical society, 190.
Remedy for hydrophobia, 307.
Retention of urine, 247.
Repertory of the more character¬
istic symptoms of the materia
medica, 156.
Rheumatism and sheet gum, 411.
Ringworm and fatty food, 62.
8
Salycilic acid and the salycilates,
187.
Sanitary department, 29.
Scarlet fever, experience with, 148.
Scientific climatology, 29.
Digitized by ^ooQie
index to Volume XL
7
Surgical diseases and their Horn,
therapeutics, 208.
Surgical diseases and their Horn,
treatment, 285.
Surgical therapeutics, 95, 331.
Syphilis vs. hydrogenoid, 171.
T
Taenia, development of, 58.
Tapeworm diseases curable, 53.
That potency problem, 413.
The Alstonia barks, 179.
The art of singing, 100.
The commencement of the Chi¬
cago Homoeopathic college, 324.
The croups compared, 38, 63, 110.
The death rate in the married and
unmarried, 205.
The longevity of the profession
with a moral, 355.
The modern city healthier than
the country, 31.
The post-partum bandage. 127.
The radical cure of hernia, 143.
The temperature of the pulse in
the puerperal state, 100.
Therapeutical department, 47, 69.
139, 166, 198, 219, 275, 304, 350,
385.
Thermometer in fever, 385.
Tobacco effects on children, 36.
To the birthday of Hahnemann,
255.
Tour around the college world.
322.287, 241,210.
Tracheotomy in croup. 84.
Treatment of chronic indolent
varicose ulcers, 414.
Trichinosis, 236.
Tuberculosis in nursing infants,
38.
Tumors of the infantile larynx,
105.
Turkish love of water, 48.
Typho-malarial fever, complicated
with acute pneumonia, a case
of, 416.
V
Ulceration, corneal, 87.
Ulcers, treatment of chronic indo¬
lent varicose, 414.
Undertakers supplies, 298.
Unmarried and married,death rate
of, £05.
Urinal dilatation of the urethra,
89.
V
Vaginal new formation peri-utero.
Ventilation, 371.
Vick’s floral guide, 99.
Views on scrofula, syphilis, etc.,
61.
Vision, a trial case for testing the,
307.
Vomiting of pregnancy, 360.
W
Water, Turkish love of, 48.
Weather provings and disease
tendency, 51, 82,315, 387.
V
Yellow fever in Cuba, interesting
notes on, 432, 488.
Digitized by ^ooQie
Digitized by
THK
UNITED STATES
Medical Investigator
A SEMT-MONTHLT JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE.
New Series. Vol. XI., No. 1.—JANUARY 1,1880.— Whole No. 253.
Gynecological Department.
A PECULIAR EXPERIENCE IN OBSTETRICS.
BY J. D. W. HEATH, M. D., SHAWANO, WIS.
We are taught by all authors on obstetrics that the accoucheur is
seldom called upon to interfere with the process of nature, for the
great majority of cases are natural labors. Some physicians claim to
have practiced many years, and have never met an unnatural case,
and many upon these grounds condemn the use of forceps and the
process of manipulation. It is said that the most frequent position is
the presentation of the head, first position. “This is a clinical rule,”
as I have often heard Prof. Ludlam remark during his lectures, but
like all clinical rules is subject to exceptions, and during my first expe¬
rience in this locality, the exception proved to be the rule, “but it is a
poor rule that would not work both ways.” The following report is a
record of the cases occurring from April 24,1879 to Septeihber 2,1879
in my practice, as it is quite an unusual experience, covering a period
of four months, I give it for the benefit of those who may consider
the refinements of obstetrical practice more poetical than useful,
while others may be interested if not benefitted.
Case I. April 24. 1879, was called to attend Mrs. K., residing
twelve miles distant; found her almost exhausted; learned the fol-
Digitized by t^ooQie
18 A Pecul ar Experience in Obst tries. [January 1
lowing facts: She had been in labor about fifty-six hours; this was
the ninth child; never had any trouble before. Upon examination
found the abdomen distended, tympanitic, and very sensitive to the
touch ; introduced the catheter, but the result was only a small quan¬
tity of bloody urine. Owing to this result and the condition of the
patient, I suspected rupture of the bladder, hence gave an unfavor¬
able prognosis; the presenting part of the child was the arm and
shoulder, third position. I introduced the left hand, after giving the
patient a little Chloroform , seized one foot and brought it down. As
the woman was so nearly exhausted and labor pains had ceased, 1
delivered the head without waiting taking the precaution however, to
introduce the index finger of my left hand into the mouth of the child'
to accommodate the head to the parts. The secundines were duly
delivered without any trouble. The child was dead; the mother
expired in about twenty-four hours, with all the symptoms of diffuse
peritonitis. Sex of child male.
Case II. May 14. Mrs. K. Primipara, aged thirty-two. After she
had been in labor about sixteen hours the os was nearly dilated, but
the head did not seem to advance. I proposed the use of the forceps,
which met with the approval of the interested parties. Accordingly
l introduced them above the superior strait. At the expiration of an
hour I took them off, as I had accomplished nothing. I informed the
husband of the condition of affairs, whereupon he asked for counsel,
which was obtained. The doctor advised the use of Ergot , which was
used, and which increased the pains but the head did not advance.
I again tried the forceps but to no purpose. I suggested cephalotomy
as I was sure the head was too large, but council prescribed time and
Ergot. Five hours were given and plenty of Ergot. At this juncture
the patient was well nigh exhausted and something must be done. I
told the husband that I thought cephalotomy the only resort. All
being agreed this time we performed the operation in the usual
manner with great difficulty. The child was delivered after the
brain was discharged. The long diameter of the head was seven
and one-fourth inches, the shoulders measured seven and one-half
inches, both legs were deformed (talipes), and the cord was wound
four times around the left leg, the lumbar region presented a case of
spina bifida, the abdomen was not developed, while the chest was
hypertrophied. The placenta was adherent, and was delivered by
introducing the hand and peeling it off. The mother suffered from
Digitized by ^ooQie
1880 .]
A Peculiar Experience in Obstetrics.
19
an attack of endometritis following the delivery, but finally recovered
Sex of child male.
Case III. May 27. Mrs. W.. fourth confinement, footling presen¬
tation, third position. When the head was about to be delivered the
body was carried upward and toward the abdomen of the mother,
while the perineum was supported by the hand to prevent laceration.
The mother made a good recovery, but the child was dead when born.
Sex, boy.
Case IV. August 28. Mrs. S., seventh confinement. Labor was
natural, but as soon as labor was completed she was taken with spas¬
modic asthma, and had to sit up in bed to breathe; very severe case ;
did not want anything about her throat. The symptoms subsided under
the use of Lachesis. Good recovery. Sex of child, female.
Case V. August 29. Mrs. W., third confinement. When I
arrived she had been in labor for twenty-four hours, paihs quite
severe. Examination revealed arm and shoulder presentation, third
position. After getting the patient partially under the influence of
an anaesthetic ( Chloroform ), 1 introduced the left hand into the uterus,
and performed podalic version by seizing one foot. The delivery, was
completed, after the trunk was thus born, by the efforts of the mother
which was almost immediately. The child did not breathe at once,
but I succeeded in pounding the breath of life into him before the cord
was cut. The mother recovered without any bad symptoms. Sex of
child male.
Case VI. August 80. Mrs. H., primipara, footling presentation,
Third position. This labor was conducted as already described in the
former case. Sex of child female.
Case VII. September 2. Mrs. F., multipara. This case presented
a peculiar feature. Upon making an examination, I first round the
hand presenting, but by further exploration I discovered the breech
above it. I concluded to wait and see what nature would do, as I
could not return the hand as the labor had proceeded too far. The
child was bom after the manner of an ordinaiy breech presentation.
Sex of child male. Stillborn. This woman had also endometritis
but recovered nicely.
The following facts may explain why I had so many bapcases. These
unnatural cases were mostly among Germans who always depended
upon a midwife, unless “ something is wrong.” They are scattered
over a large scope of country, being from twelve to twenty-five miles
apart.
Digitized by ^ooQie
Ill
Gynaecological Postural Manipulations.
[January 1,
In the case of cephalotoray, the deformity of the child may be duo
to the fact that the uterine sound was used to restore a retroverted
uterus sometime during the early months of pregnancy by her former
doctor. Another fact worthy of notice is that all of the children
excepting one, were boys.
GYNECOLOGICAL POSTURAL MANIPULATIONS.
[The following letter from a lady friend may prove of interest and
profit, as it contains hints that are somewhat novel.— Ed.]
“ You ask me to give you all the details of Dr. S.’s treatment. It
would be next to impossible to do it, although you might get a few
ideas. Just his manner of treatment could only be carried out by a
specialist, one who gives his whole time, and then by a man of strong
muscular power. Many have tried to learn of the doctor, but he has
never found one yet that was willing or could continue the practice.
1 can only speak for myself, but he has every disease woman is heir to
and I suppose every one has a different treatment or partly so. In
displacement his success is in his hand. The index finger was taken
entirely off in the army. The little finger he has taught to lie flat in
the hand, then using the two fingers which are long, and of course
can reach almost to the throat, as some of the ladies say; well by that
means he can turn the uterus in any way and do anything with it. In
the first examination he with his thumb and finger runs up and down
on each sidettf the spine to see if there is any trouble there. Not
lightly but just as hard as one can bear, and harder too, sometimes,
then over the ovaries from the hips down very hard, I suppose to see
if there is any trouble there. Then over the bowels, the heart, etc.*
then with the fingers he finds out the trouble of womb, never using a
speculum. Then he uses the sound with the proper length of womb
marked on it. With me the womb was retroflexed, and in one minute
he turned it back, just about taking my life. It had become crooked,
not the neck but the top was turned, and then used the sound. He
said it could not pass half the distance until it was turned, and so it
could not as I could tell by the feeling. To show me he had it per¬
fectly free he would shake it, then he would hold it in place and the
patient puts one limb over his arm and he turns them on their face,
then puts it up and in place, and slaps with all his might on the lower
part of the back to shake it in front I suppose. Then must lie on the
face about twenty minutes and get up. This is in retroflexion; in
anteversion he puts them on their back.
Now when he comes to make the every day treatment that consists
in rubbing the womb, gently but firmly, putting it in place every
time, or as nearly as he can; if the cords are contracted he stretches
them, but I am sure I do not know how; he rubs the back down each
Digitized by ^ooQie
1880 .]
Peri-Utero-Vaginal New Formations.
22
side of spine, rubs the ovaries furiously, and across the stomach, saws
with a peculiar saw of the hand as if he would take the life, then he
rubs the womb and puts me on my face, slaps my back and that is the
last. He does use local applications with some, but his main success
is in the manipulation. With me he said the neck of the womb was
elongated and that it was of a spongy nature, that it was also called
bleeding uterus. I know that with one lady here he used on cotton,
Glycerine and Hydrate of Chloral . He said it was to drain the womb
to reduce congestion I suppose; he has used nothing of that kind
with me. He said tents would never have done me any good, although
he used them to dilate the mouth or cavity. He gives no medicine
for this trouble at all. For other things he will prescribe for his
patieuts. Then his great hobby, although it is not a hobby, is walking.
He says that it is the best and only thing to strengthen the muscles
and cords. The uterus is replaced everyday. The treatment given,
the patient lies either on face or back twenty minutes or longer, then
dresses and goes out to walk walking just as far as they can without
getting too tired, then increasing a little every day. Walking just all
they can. the more the better— he does not want them to stop for any¬
thing— walk they must. Of course without treatment they could not
do it. I walk between three and four miles a day, not at one walk,
but a few blocks at a time, then come in and rest on ray face twenty
or thirty minutes, and then am ready to walk again. I take about
four w T alks a day, some walk ten or twelve miles. The diet he wants
nutritious and good. Now this treatment goes through the menses
same as any other time, and then be does his patients the most good,
lie says everything is relaxed and he can lind out beflfer what the
patient needs, and help them more. It seems awful, and I doubt if
any other man would do it, but he says it must be done or they would
lose more than they would gain in two weeks. Supporters are his
utter aversion. Put the uterus right every day, strengthen by walk¬
ing and rubbing, is his idea, and he works hard.
There is something very queer about \jt all, and if anyone could do
just as he does there's money in it, for they come from everywhere,
and he does some wonderful cures. Yours truly, E.
PERI-UTERO-VAGINAL NEW FORMATIONS.
BY C. 8. MOBLEY M. D., PONTIAC, MICH.
Road before the Michigan Homoeopathic Medical Society
In preparing this paper it is not our purpose to offer a treatise on
pelvic inflammation, but simply to present in,an oblique, light theo-
etical and practical data, with some observations and deductions of
own.
We wish, therefore, in this connection to call attention to some
cellular tissue products, and also to give a summary of pelvic hsema-
tocele and thrombosis of the pelvic veins, and their relation to puru-
Digitized by LjOOQie
23
Peri-Utero- Vaginal Nvw Formations. [January 1,
lent, septic and cystic diseases of the peri-utero-vaginal tissues. The
adjacent vascular tissues are necessarily the site of physiological
hypersemia during the menstrual epoch, and during pregnancy they
are developed far beyond their normal size, the vaginal and pudendal
plexuses bulge forth turgid, deep-red, or purpl*. The hjemorrhoidal
veins are also frequently gorged with blood as a physiological con¬
comitant of menstruation.
From a hypothetical view, we might conclude, that in metritic
affections characterized by persistent hypersemia, in the presence of
an irritant, we should have prime conditions for the production of
pelvic inflammation, but considering the great number of these cases
comparatively few terminate in more than local, self-limiting, pelvic
inflammation. No doubt the number of cases that are unknown and
unobserved — even those terminating in purulent inflammation — are
vastly more numerous than those that are observed. In the post-
puerperal state, the body of the uterus is covered with a simple layer
of connective tissue, the placental site lacerated and uterine sinues
sometimes greatly dilated. This is considered as any other wound of
the connective tissue, and as Frankl says in a recent paper, “ It is
susceptible to any and all the accidents that befall such wounds.
Every wound bleeds at first, and when the vessels are closed there is
exudation of serum which permeates the meshes of the connective
tissue, and is here called lochia. This discharge continues precisely*
so long as it w r ould under normal conditions in any other wound, t. e.,
until new vessels have been formed and the wound has been closed
externally by connective tissue.”
From the similarity of the metamorphosis of the decidua men-
8trualis to the puerperal decidua, we infer that a similar process goes
on in the uterus at each menstrual epoch. These are physiological
processes, yet of such a nature as under favorable conditions to
develop pathological evolution.
In the non-puerperal uterus the site of deep-seated chronic diseases
have likely that decomposing menstrua retain in the displaced organ,
with its loss of epithelial investment should become a source of infec¬
tion, and at least aflfqct the infiltrated connective tissue, acting as a
ferment. Thus at each menstrual cycle we get a fresh increment of
connective tissue products, ultimately resulting in areolar hyperplasia,
hypertrophy, or even interstitial abscess. But cases are not always
self-limiting. The uterus is continually losing its tonicity and its
capillary vessels are closed by thrombi. In the presence of a septic
Digitized by
Google
I880.J Peri-Utero- Vaginal New Formations. 24
factor a thrombus undergoes suppurative inflammation, and breaks
down, tilling the adjacent vein with detritus mingled with pus. The
walls of the vein softeu, and are transformed into a yellowish slough,
this process may be limited to the uterine veins pr in the puerperal
state, after abortus and in parenchymatous metritis it may extend to
the pampiniform plexus, the iliac or the vena cava ascendens. Con¬
secutively may follow phlebitis, or if the lymphatics are involved,
phlegmasia dolens and systemic empoisonment. From thrombosis
of the uterine and pelvic veins we may have detritus producing
embolism of the superficial tissues of the extremities, producing
local sloughs and gangrene, embolic abscesses of the lnngs, liver and
kidneys, or passing through the pulmonary capillaries produce cere¬
bral embolism. From excessive inflammation post-partum in the
presence of an irritant, we may have pelvic cellulitis and peritonitis
entailing abscess of the pelvic cellular tissue. •
A pelvic hematocele may be absorbed or terminate in abscess, dis¬
charging into the rectum, vagina, peritoneum or bladder. We may
also have hsematoma of the vulva, in which as some affirm, the blood
effused into the cellular tissue may burrough far into the pelvis, or
even separate the superficial structures from the abdominal parietes
as far as the umbilicus; these are extreme cases. Commonly a
thrombus of the vulva varies from the size of a walnut to that of a
fist, or as Barnes states, it may be the size of a child’s head, reaching
far into the pelvis.
The smaller clots may be absorbed or give rise to suppurative
inflammation, in other cases a pyogenic membrane will continue to
secrete pus long after the sac is emptied, after which the sac is kept
open by lint steeped in Iodine , or as Thomas recommends by a
greased rag. Older writers employed a seton in the treatment of
these cysts. It might be useful in cysts of the vulvo-vaginal gland.
These cysts are more commonly situated in the recto-vaginal sep¬
tum, occasionally in the lateral sides of the vagina, and rarely in the
vesico-vaginal septum. They must not be confounded with labial
abscess or cystic degeneration of the vulvo-vaginal glands, and it is
well to bear in mind that vaginal hernia of the bowel, the omentum
and the bladder, have been mistaken for vulvar tumors. The follow¬
ing case may be of interest in this connection :
M. M., aged thirty, in 1871 suffered from a swelling of right labium
inajus, which suddenly appeared while stooping. For two or three
years it remained small and sometimes was not noticed, after which
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25 Peri-Utero-Vaginal JSriv Formations. [January 1,*
it grew slowly until June 1877. when it rapidly enlarged and gave
great pain. Free incision gave vent to nearly a half pint of cheesy,
foetid pus. A sound passed into the sac could be felt per vaginum at
the cul-de-sac, measuring nearly six inches. Sac healed from the
bottom apparently, but in August 1877, it having refilled was again
laid open and sound passed three and five-tenths inches. The most
persevering application of lint steeped in Iodine per Sulphate of Iron
with which the sac was packed, seemed rather to stimulate a rapid
growth of the cyst. The tumor now spread itself latterally, reaching
over Scarpas’ triangje, and the patient was very uncomfortable in any
position.
January 17, assisted by my friend, Dr. J. H. Smith, I dissected up
a triangular flap, defined by carrying an incision longitudinally
through the labial fold to the tuberosity of the ischium, and a second
incision from^he tendon of the pectinius to intersect at the.tuber¬
osity. The firm, strongly adherent tumor, required extensive and
careful dissectiou which was accomplished with the handle of the
scalpel and the nail of index finger. Free haemorrhage accompanied
the dissection through the very vascular parts, and the divided super¬
ficial external pudic gave us quite a jet, which was controlled by
torsion. The attachments were to the tuberosity of the ischium, the
sheath of the pectinius and the sheath of the femoral vessels in
Scarpas triangle. The sub-vaginal portion required that three and five-
tenths inches of the vaginal sheath be separted from the tumor. The
wound was dressed with lint saturated with Carbolized oil and a
drainage tube inserted, the integument was approximated by silver
sutures. An hour after a violent haemorrhage occurred which was at
once controlled by introducing a large Ferguson speculum into the
vagina, filled with snow and salt. This resource fulfilled the one effec¬
tual condition of equal pressure.
After four hours the wound was cleansed of all blood coagula, and
every strip of lacerated or torn., tissue clipped off with the scissors.
The wound was dressed twice daily with Carbolized oil and injected
with Hamamelis 1 in 5. The wound healed partly by granulation and
by first intention, without a trace of pus.
I have also a fatty tumor removed from this region in a woman
aged forty years; the tumor is the size of a fist.
In case labial abscess has discharge, we find a fistulous opening
with indurated edges, the sinus should be laid freely open and treated
as the primary cyst. Affections of the vulva are frequ ntlv over-
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1880.J
Pesi-Utero - Vaginal .— New Formations.
26
looked, notwithstanding their painful history. We have no doubt
much suffering could be spared newly married women by consulting
an intelligent physician on the occurrence of severe pain, which they
often bear in silence until labial abscess, phlegmonous inflammation,
or fissure become unbearable.
Inflammation of the peri-vaginal cellular tissue is rarely primary ;
sub-peritoneal, peri-metric effusions may burrow in the recto¬
vaginal wall and light up a peri-vaginal cellulitis. Again effusions
may occupy the vesico-vaginal septum. A thrombus in this site is
described as extending to and implicating the clitoris. Cystic tumors
of the vagina are said to be of rare occurrence. Scanzoni proves that
these neoplasms are not developed in the vaginal wall, but in the
peri-vaginal cellular tissue. Nearly ail of these new formations, we
think, result from submucous rupture of some veiu, or from inflam¬
mation of the fibrous layer of the vaginal sheath with multiple abscess.
This occurs most frequently in gonorrhoeal colpitis, but may compli¬
cate a simple or non-specific case.
From a survey of all the cases of new formations in the pelvic cel¬
lular tissue we have been able to find, we are confirmed in our opinion
that,
1. Peri-utero-vaginal new formations may be primary or resulting
from haematoma.
2. Purulent infiltration of the pelvic connective tissue may be con¬
secutive of thrombosis with a septic factor. It may be self-limited
from closure of the efferent vessels by normal coagula scaled with
healthy young connective tissue.
3. That a thrombus may disintegrate and till the vessels with detri¬
tus, producing multiple embolic abscesses and systemic empoison-
inent.
4. That septicaemia and embolia may result from haematoma.
5. That hematocele of small size are usually absorbed, while those
of large size are liable to suppurative inflammation.
6. That cellular tissue products may remain for years without
spontaneous evacuation.
7. That a pyogenic membrane may be developed, or a fibro-cystic
tumor may develop on the Lite of the hematocele, and become of
large size.
8. That the peri-vaginal cellular tissue may be the seat of primary
abscess, but generally the purulent infiltration is secondary. It may
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On Preparing Women for Labor. [January 1,
arise from blood effusions of the vulva dissecting far up into the
pelvis and suppurating.
9. That intra-peritoneal haeraatocele may discharge between the
recto-vaginal walls and open into rectum or vagina. Or they may
open into the uterus or bladder.
10. That many cases result in resolution, or thickening of the con¬
nective tissue, binding the vagina and cervix uteri by adhesions, or
the retro-verted or retro-flexed fundus uteri may be bound down by
connective tissue products.
ON PREPARING WOMEN FOR LABOR.
BY WALTER D. STILLMAN, M. D. COUNCIL BLUFFS, IOWA.
It hss become a habit with some physicians to give medicine to pre¬
pare a woman for labor. A remedy is usually selected and given to
every case alike. This remedy is Actea racemosa and is given twice
daily during the month before the expected labor. This practice to
be worthy of adoption must conform to the law of cure formulated
by Hahnemann. If it come under the head of specific practice, with
no adaptation of the remedy to the specific case, then it is barren of
good results and liable to produce mischief. In the proving of Actea
racemosa, given by Allen, there is no set of symptoms that indicates
its Homoeopathicity to the condition of pregnancy just before labor.
It seems to be a routine practice started by a theorist, and imitated by
others. I made trial of the practice in one case. The woman had
Actea racemosa one month before her labor. The os uteri was rigid
and unyielding, and labor was protracted thirty-six hours. In the
next confinement, five days before labor there were false pains and a
number of symptoms indicating Pulsatilla . A few doses of the 30x
dilution was given. When labor came on there was no rigid os uteri,
and the woman was delivered ot a fine child in two and one-half
hours.
This is only one case, but in the first instance the law of similars
was violated with a bad result. In the second case the law was fol¬
lowed with a happy result. The polypharmacy of the Old School is to
be avoided no less than the routinism.
I have heard that rigidity of the os uteri was liable to be produced
by the use of Actea racemosa , in large and freqently repeated doses.
Manifestly there is no specific treatment to facilitate labor. What¬
ever the case requires must be given and nearly all cases do need
Digitized by LjOOQie
1880.]
A round the College World.
28
some medicine, but the remedy must be selected for the individual
case, according to the law of cure.
It is earnestly hoped that every physician professing to practice
Hommopathy will not adopt such a plan of treatment. It is not
warranted by our principles and it has not the merit of success to
recommend it. To say that these cases have an easier labor is beg¬
ging the question. How do we know that in every instance where
this routine preparative treatment is resorted to, the patient would
not have had a happier termination, if the Homoeopathic remedy had
been given. We cannot be too careful in the matter. Homoeopathy
must not make concessions to the effete methods of the Old School.
We must adhere strictly to our principles, if we wish to realize our
most sanguine hopes of therapeutic excellence.
College News.
A HOUND THE COLLEGE WORLD.
HAHNEMANN MEDICAL COLLEGE OF PHILADELPHIA.
Philadelphia is a kingdom by itself, tenacious of its own ideas and
customs, and is as unlike New York as if it was thousands of miles
away, whereas it is barely a hundreu.
Homoeopathy has a strong hold in this city. Little did our octoge¬
narian Hering imagine, when he started the Allentown Academy of
Homoeopathy, that he would see nearly 200 students crowd into a
medical college, that carries the banner similia similibm curantur I
N or did his wildest fancy dream that its alumni would ever number
over 1000, and that our “ Quill ” would u waft the tidings all the
world around.”
We found the amphitheatre of this oldest Homoeopathic college
packed with a fine body of enthusiastic, earnest students. Dean
Thomas held them enrapt on the dry bones —and the sphenoid at
that! His table was loaded down with skulls, in all sorts of sections,
painted in a variety of colors, to show sutures, sinuses, arteries, artic¬
ulations, etc. As these were passed in panoramic view the sphenoid
came out a gay butterfly. This lecturer makes anatomy a most fasci¬
nating study, and we did not wonder at the esteem with which Prof.
Thomas is held by all the students.
Digitized by {jOOQle
29
Around the College World .
[January 1,
He paused abruptly, and our “ Quill ” became the centre of atten¬
tion. We tried to tell these embryo M. D.’s of the anatomical differ¬
ence between acid and alkaline children, how that the craniums of
the former are narrow between the ears, the bones thin and the
sutures gaping, while the alkaline heads are quite the reverse; how
this acidity increased the blood pressure to the brain, and conse¬
quently its size, giving us what is known as acquired hydrocephalus,
etc. At the close of this lecture we were beseiged with the inquiry,
“Where can we get your books ? We have inquired at all the book¬
stores. Bcericke & Tafel ought to have them but they don’t.'' We went
at once and arranged with J. B. Eippincott & Co., the largest book¬
sellers in Philadelphia, to carry a full line of Duncan Bros, publica¬
tions.
We made a tour of this college and found it well furnished and
equipped but much too small for the crowd of students. They pro¬
posed to build a new building and are looking for a site large enough
for both college and hospital. In the evening we met most of the
faculty and many of the profession at Dr. Thomas’ residence, and
spent a pleasant hour in social converse. Philadelphia has certainly a
fine body of Homoeopathic physicians. #
We picked up a few medical facts. Natrum carb. is a remedy for
headache that is worse in the sun. Dr. Martin gives the 200th, while
Dr. Morgan prefers the 1600th.
Dr. Martin found cases of dyspepsia that were relieved with soda
biscuit. These he cured with A’atrum carb. 200. For paroxysmal
cough (hooping cough), he had found thistle (Carduus arvense) a good
remedy. lie gave ten drops of the tincture. Dr. J. C. Guernsey gave
us the fact that Sulph. follows both Apis and Bell, beautifully. Prof.
H. N. Guernsey was absent in Europe.
Father Hering we found busy cross-examining a patient on the
direction of the pains. He spoke highly of Gregg’s Illustrated Keper-
tory — an idea that his cotere of workers had broached years before.
The second volume of Guiding Symptoms we were informed was in
press. The old man is as hale and hearty as any of the younger men.
May he live years yet to work for the cause he so dearly loves !
Prof. Morgan we found up to the eyes in his work on Spleen and its
Diseases. As we looked over the manuscript we were impressed with
the great value this work will be to the whole profession. It will be a
credit to our school to have the first systematic treatise on the spleen
yet written. It will incorporate all the new discoveries and histologi -
Digitized by ^ooQie
1880 .] Scientific Climatology. 29
cal data, as Dr. M. is in communication with all of the workers in this
field.
Phil, has some young physicians of promise. Dr. C. M. Thomas has
already made his mark in surgery. C. B. Knerr, A. Korndorfer, E. A.
Farrington, B. F. Betts, J. E. James, J. C. Guernsey, C. Mohr, and
others particularly impressed us.
Dr. Knerr promises us a new edition of Sunstroke before the sultry
days of summer come. We found a number of copies of Dr. Thomas,
book, giving full instruction how to make Post-mortem Examination.
We bought the whole edition and can supply this valuable work at a
small expense.
We found the profession here just launching out into specialties —
a division of study and labor that is necessary from the spread and
growth of medicine. Every city must have its pajdologist. Prof.
Morgan is quietly working in that department in this city. He is
talked of for that chair in the college. As 44 one-third of all diseases
belong to the age of infancy,” every faculty should have its piedolo-
gist. It will not do for Homoeopaths to neglect the babies.
There are three pharmacies here : Boericke & TafePs, and Kemble’s
— a recent convert from polypharmacy. Perhaps the first instance
where both the man and his drug store have been converted to Ho¬
moeopathy.
We regretted we had not time to visit all the physicians and points
of interest, but reserving some for another time, we bade the Quaker
City fc4 good-bye,” and were off 44 over the mountains.”
Editorial Quill.
Sanitary Department.
44 SCIFJS TLFIC CLIMA TO LOO IV”
In your December 1st, (78) number, is an article by Dr. James, upon
the above subject, to which I wish to briefly refer. And first, I would
heartily second his views that the physician 44 should understand the
constitution temperament of his patient * * * * and
then prescribe his climate-location as he would his Homoeopathic
remedy, with the greatest care and with the totality of the indica¬
tions fully in his mind.” I said 4 ‘ many eastern physicians do not yet
Digitized by ^ooQie
Scientific Climatology.
January 1,
have a very clear idea what the climate of Colorado can do for tbeir
consumptive patients,” which is not equivalent to the doctors asser¬
tion that I “ seem to have the idea that eastern physicians do not
know what class of consumptives to send to Colorado.”
My statement was made to correct the practice of sending, as is
now too frequently done, those who are obviously past all help and
whose cases will most likely be aggravated. This climate cannot cure
those, who, as one individual puts it, are “ dead up to the knees.”
The “ imprecations heaped upon this climate,” etc., that the doctor
speaks of hearing, are easily accounted for. It is common for
patients to tell us that their “ family physician ” east, charged them
to take no medicine out here, to ignore all physicians and let the
climate work its cure in its own time and way; and more, they are
often instructed to go into the mountains, as soon as rested, where
the altitude is from 7,000 to 9,009 feet.
The fact is, as a rule, only those in the incipient stage of consump¬
tion can stand it there, and they will often gain much faster in a
lower altitude. These patients not progressing toward a cure as fast
as they believe they ought to, begin to travel from poiDt to point,
to-day at an altitude of 6,000 feet, to-morrow at one of 12,000, and so
on, and wondering why they are not getting well. Finally they
return to their eastern home worse than w’hen they went away, hence
the “ imprecations ” which are heard against this climate.
The editorial note to the article corresponds with my observations
to some extent. The dry acid temperament will not generally begin
to improve as soon, nor will it improve as rapidly as the opposite or
hydrogenoid temperament. Noth withstanding this, however, all
kinds of temperaments improve and get well here, the weak as well
as the strong, but it is necessary in all cases that the strictest rules of
diet and exercise be adhered to.
I will call especial attention to the following points which are fre¬
quently ignored by invalids coming here and to their gre t injury :
1. If very feeble they should approach this altitude (6,000 feet
nearly) gradually. Three weeks should be consumed i reaching this
point from Kansas City or Topeka.
2. They should be cautioned against frequent changes of location,
for every change is virtually a change of climate, and requires
another acclimation process of from a few days in some cases to sev¬
eral weeks in others.
3. Impress upon patients about to come here the fact that it will
Digitized by ^ooQie
1880.]
The Modern City Healthier than the Country .
81
require time to effect a cure; few cases recover in a few weeks or
months, or in fact receive any permanent benefit if they return to
their homes after so brief a stay.
4. It is better that patients consult a physician on their arrival
here, for they will certainly get all kinds of advice to do this or that,
to take this or that medicine because somebody they know was helped
by it, and in this way a cure is often postponed or made finally impos¬
sible. The physician will give advice suited to the condition of each
patient, sending one to a higher, another to a lower altitude, or if the
case demands it, back to the eastern home again.
Meteorological observations in Colorado Springs for the month of
January, 1878, are as follows :
Mean barometer, 29.53; mean thermometer, 7 a. m., 17.96; mean
thermometer, 2 P. m., 39.13; mean thermometer, 9 p. m., 19.86;
maximum thermometer, 59.05; minimum thermometer, —5.; mean
humidity (error probably), 53.09: number of clear days, 16; number
of fair days, 10; number of cloudy days, 5; number of days in which
rain fell, 0 ; number of days in which snow fell, 4 ; total fall of
snow, li inches.
The above gives some idea of Colorado winters.
Colorado Springs, Coi. L. D. Coombs.
THE MODERN CITY HEALTHIER THAN THE COUN¬
TRY.
BT PHILO G. VALENTINE, M. D., ST. LOUIS, MO.
Read before the Western Academy of Homoeopathy, Cincinnati, May, 1878.
The science of medicine will ever be a field of fierce controversy,
its votaries ever plunging into channels of investigation naturally
adapted to each mental organization. Hence, the wide and multi¬
plied diversities of medical opinion found all through man’s develop¬
mental history.
In reference, however, to the science of hygiene, there is much,
more unanimity, and at this day, the study of modes and measures of
preventing disease is beginning to receive a portion of the attention
of thoughtful men, who had long sought in vain through the Phar-
macopcea for satisfactor; aids in restoring the sick.
The healing art was long thought to be the loftiest of the grand
triumvirate of the learned professions, and was supposed to receive a
Digitized by ^ooQie
# 32 The Modem City Healthier than the Country. Januauy 1,
special benediction from the divine Apollo, who presided equally
over music, medicine and the muses. But, now, the goddess Hygeia
is asserting her benign reign, and sanitary science is coming to be
accorded a recognition ; and the knowledge of fmv to prevent disease
is more sought for and more honorable than the knowledge of how to
cure. So then is he who discovered and taught the prevention to
variola, greater than he of the same country, who discovered the
circulation of the blood.
As diseases must have antecedent causes, sanitary science teaches
us to search for those causes, and having found them, it undertakes
to point out the way of removing them and preventing them, and by
so doing, protecting a populace or a people from the wide-involving
destruction of preventable diseases.
That the modern city is healthier than the country is a proposition
not likely to be accepted by many without adducing proof to fortify
so new a statement. Yet the position is a tenable one —though
statistical information is not attainable in a country so new as ours
on this subject —or on any other subject, one may desire to investi¬
gate thoroughly in the United States. The whole question of com¬
parative salubrity of any two regions, rests solely or nearly so, on the
condition of the atmosphere breathed; and the purity of the drinking
water used. It is then almost exclusively a matter of air and water
on which healthfulness depends.
By modern city, I mean the city of the period —the city of to-day
— as contrasting with the older cities, even within one hundred or
fifty years before the philosophy of underground drainage was little
practiced and still less understood. The modern city as soon as it is
large enough and wealthy enough, goes to work and inaugurates a
system of underground drainage, or sewerage, planned and built by
the most scientific civil engineers, who thoroughly understand the
practical workings of the laws of hydrostatics and hydraulics, and
the moisture absorbing properties of the different earths they are
likely to encounter in their excavations.
About this time and often before, the modern city takes measures
to supply its populace with wholesome drinking water, by means ol
extensive waterworks, aquaducts, piping, tubing, etc., leading into
every domicil within the civic incorporation, and conveying water
into every home.
The construction of sewers ample and plentiful, and the building
of water-works are the two most important duties of a city govern-
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1880 . The. Modem City HeaWiier than the Country. 83
* ment. Pure water bountifully used and properly and intelligently
applied, wiU make pure air , which is as much a physical animal neces¬
sity as wholesome water can be.
By country in this paper is meant all villages, towns, hamlets and
small cities not supplied with water-works, and which have little or no
underground drainage. Such places are dependent entirely for drink¬
ing water upon cisterns, artificial wells and natural springs; and for
drainage upon surface guttering wholly, to carry off the foul and
filthy surplusage, that constantly accumulates in the streets and
alleys, to render noxious every breath of air and to breed infectious
disease.
Now, why is the water impure in all country towns and places V
Because there are as many privy-vaults as there ;«re wells, or springs,
or cisterns, interspersed everywhere on every man’s premises, and
often twice or three times as many; as often several families will
patronize the same well or spring, but rarely the same privy. Often
one well in the highway will accommodate all the cattle, horses and
people of a whole street. Furthermore, the very presence of privy
vaults besides saturating the earth with human excrete and thus
contaminating all the water in the vicinity is obnoxious to the senses
and to comfort and to good health, by its poisonous effluvia poisoning
the atmospheric air.
In several cities, the privy-vaults not being in the earth, but com¬
municating directly with the sewers far beneath the surface, are
almost entirely free from any disagreeable or unwholesome surround¬
ings. Hence, my claim that by reason of an absence of privy-vaults,
and by reason of an underground conductor for all slops and waste
water, together with an abundant supply of pure drinking water, the
modern (or sewered) city is healthier than the country town or village
or small city.
The great prevalence and fatality of the zymotic diseases of diph¬
theria, scarlet fever and small pox in the interior towns and cities
during 1876 and 1877 corroborates my assertion. In no large city
except Chicago did thes9 diseases prevail, and only there on account
of the imperfect drainage of some parts of that great city, and by
reason of the impure water they had to drink for a certain period
w lien a freshet turned the current of their river the other way tempo¬
rarily.
This fact 1 got from the official report of the Board of Health of that
city, which 1 have here. Another reason why cities are more healthy
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34
Cvi'poral Punishment
[January 1,
than the country, is the absence to a great extent of malarial diseases
which so largely debilitate the inhabitants of the rural districts and
smaller cities. Even though the city may be in close proximity to
swamps and lowlands, and sluggish water-eourses, and may be
influenced more or less in all its diseases, by the miasm that satu¬
rates the circumambient air; yet there are certain elements floating
over the city and mingling with the air, that are antidotal in their
effect upon what is known or called miasm. Of course, there are
malarial diseases, but they are far less violent than in any other dis¬
trict, and more amenable to treatment.
These elements alluded to are thought to be the various products of
combustion, from the thousand of fires and chimneys and smoke¬
stacks, distributed everywhere throughout a citie’sjlimits. The cloud
of smoke that hangs like a pall over a large city, though disagreeable
in many ways, is, indeed, a great protection from malaria, which,
though not fatal in its immediate results, yet is so prostrating in its
continued effect as to give ultimate development to other severe dis¬
eases, that would probably never have been enkindled.
CORPORAL PUNISHMENT.
BY B. P. M VR8H, M. D., BLOOMINGTON, ILL.
My attention for a number of years has been called to injuries
caused by occasional cases of too severe or recklessly executed-pun-
lshment of school children. Foremost educators, while not believing
it expedient to prohibit corporal punishment, acknowledge that
injury, injustice, and sometimes death even do now and then occur
from its use. These senous results may arise from fright or from
concussion of the brain produced by merely jerking the child about,
or—the most frequent cause—inflicting the punishment upon the
child’s head. I have known death to occur solely from the fright,
although fatal results cannot likely arise except from immediate
blows upon the head. No one form of punishment is so dangerous
as boxing the child upon the ears. Not only is injury to the organ of
hearing often produced, but inflammation of the brain frequently
follows, and death has been the result. In the family this matter of
injurious methods of punishment is not by any means beyond our
influence if we will but take pains to inform the people upon the sub¬
ject. If corporal punishment is allowed at all in schools, its use
ought to be carefully guarded. No teacher should be allowed to pun-
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1880.]
Spinal Curvature Nipped in the Bud .
85
ish a child by ruddy jerking it about, by striking it anywhere on the
head, or with any instrument whatever, except it be flexible and
with smooth edges. These requisites are best fulfilled by a rubber
strap with rounded edge.
Moreover, no punishment should be permitted except it be inflicted
in the presence of a principal, another teacher, or a school trustee as
a salutary check upon undue temper or excitement.
Every case of corporal punishment should also be reported in writ¬
ing to the board of school trustees, stating the offense of the pupil
and the manner and severity of the punishment.
I have known the above rules adopted by a board of school com¬
missioners, to reduce the number of cases of corporal punishment
88 per cent, in one month, and the school continued meanwhile even
more orderly and satisfactory than before. I am about Collecting
statistics of serious and fatal injuries caused by corporal punishment,
and 1 write this article to request all the readers of The Investiga¬
tor to forward to me statistics and history of all cases that may have
come to their knowledge; state the date, place, name of child, char¬
acter of punishment and its results; also the offense for which the
punishment was inflicted. Add other points, history, etc., of time
and inclination suggest. I urge all to give the subject the little atten¬
tion needed, to write me the main facts, at least, of all cases they
have known, and thereby make the report more valuable. The
information thus obtained I will communicate through this journal.
Children's Department.
SPINA L CURVATURE NIPPED IN THE BUD .
The following case, though simple enough in itself, may possibly
be of service to some of your younger readers in demonstrating the
curability of lateral curvature of the spine without the use of those
baneful “ steel-supports ” now so commonly used, and so rarely with
benefit to anyone but the manufacturer:
Mary S., an intelligent looking child, about nine years of age, was
brought to me by her mother, who had for some time noticed her
getting round-shouldered ; but what had caused her still more alarm
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36
Tobacco Effects on Children.
[January 1,
was a peculiar prominence of the right shoulder-blade. A -slight
examination sufficed to show that the right scapula was not oniy
more prominent but also half an inch or more, lower than the left
one, the spinal column curving decidedly to the right. From the
large forehead and small cerebellum, so indicative of the “enceph¬
alic type,” I concluded that she was most likely one of those pre¬
cocious children, so frequently met with in our public schools, that
are crammed in order to display the excellence (?) of our present
system of education, and a few leading questions to the mother
elicited the information that she had very long lessons to learn, that
frequently kept her up till 9 P. m. Her food consisted principally of
tea and white bread, morning and evening, with a little meat and
vegetables for dinner. She never took much exercise, her time being
so occupied with her studies; she complained of frequent headaches,
restless, unrefreshing sleep and a general feeling of lassitude. I at
once insisted upon her only being sent to school during the former
part of the day, and allowed to play round the remainder; for food, I
ordered porridge and milk for breakfast, a little meat and plenty of
vegetables for dinner, brown bread and butter with milk in the even¬
ing, with a fair allowance of fruit. After a couple of weeks I
instructed her how to exercise her arms, so as to expand the chest and
bring the muscles of the back into active play, and lastlyl prescribed
Bell . 6, morning and evening. The result was most satisfactory, for
in about two months she had not only recovered her former health
and spirits, but her spine was straighter than ever. In this case.
Bell . 6 evidently acted well, but the cure must be quite as much
attributed to the combined influence of relief to the overtaxed brain
and nervous system, the use of more nourishing food and the invig-
oration of the weakened muscles by gentle but appropriate exercise,
accessories too frequently overlooked in the treatment of chronic
diseases. J. A.
TOBACCO EFFECTS ON CHILDREN - REMEDY 1GNAT1A.
An infant whose parents to external appearance healthy, was a
victim to canker* from its birth; the whole of the digestive tract
seemed to be affected. At the age of four months it was the most
perfect picture of marasmus I ever saw; no remedy given seemed to
have aught but a momentary effect. Thinking the case over to get
* See Aphthae, Diseases of Infants and Children.
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1880.]
Management of Children in Cuba.
37
at the cause of the trouble, the query came to me, has tobacco any
share in it. The father was an inveterate user of the “ weed,” both
chewing and smoking, in fact Was “ saturated“ always smoked
after going to bed ” so that the babe was exposed to the influence of
tobacco, even from the commencement of its germ life. Thought I
would try Iqnatia that has aggravation or bad effect of tobacco
smoke; gave Ignatia 30 and waited; saw a little improvement;
repeated the same, and had the father smoke his pipe elsewhere; the
result was a steady improvement from that time on. The babe got
about as healthy as one would wish to see, and has remained so up to
the present time, having been unusually free from the diseases inci¬
dent to childhood.
Some six years ago, a gentleman who was in Monroe, delivering a
course of lectures, came to my office one afternoon and said, “doctor.,
my lecture has ‘ gone up’ for to-night,” and judging by his appear¬
ance he was about the same as “ gone up ” himself, said he had been
in a store that was full of tobacco smoke ;” he laid down on the
lounge, for he was so weak he could not stand up. I gave him one
powder of Ignatia 30, and in less than ten minutes he was walking
the floor saying, he never felt better in his life.
Evansville, Wis. I. S. Sanborn.
MANAGEMENT OF CHILDREN IN CUBA .
You will notice that the mortality among infants is comparatively
small, but this is an extraordinary circumstance, generally it is greater
than among adults. We have here many medicinal plants, some
of which I am studying and will report in time to you. I have just
sent a report on yellow fever and a Cuban plant very effective in
curing that disease.
We feed our children who do not nurse from the breast, on cow’s
milk, goat’s milk, corn starch and arrow root. The method which
gives best results is the following : From birth till two months old a
four-ounce bottle with rubber nipple (which must be kept very clean)
full of half pure cow’s milk and half water every two hours . Must
be slightly sweetened with white sugar, and tepid. From three to
four months, a five-ounce bottle full of pure cow’s milk. From four
to fourteen months, an eight-ounce bottle of pure cow's milk every
three hours . At eight months, can be given occasionally a crust of dry
bread in the infant’s hand. After the fourteenth month the child
may be fed alternately on milk, bread and milk, broth, soup, rice,
etc., always allowing an interval of three hours between each meal.
This regimen (providing the milk be pure) will give strong, fat.
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38 The Groups Compared. [January 1,
healthy children who will never he troubled with indigestion, unless
they are naturally rickety.
I have no doubt that your works “ How to be Plump ” and “ How
to Feed Children ” if well translated, would meet with a ready sale in
Cuba, South America and Spain.
Santiago de Cuba. Jose I. Navarro.
TUBERCULOSIS IN NURSING INFANTS.
Alois Epstein tries to show that the hereditary transmission of
tuberculosis from parents to child is not the only cause of tubercu¬
losis in the child, and that in many a case it may be produced by an
infection of the child through the milk of a mother suffering from
tuberculosis. He then quotes seven cases, where autopsies revealed
microscopically tuberculosis in diverse organs; in children from ten
weeks to ten months. Two of them were born well by the mother’s
enjoyed good health, but they were nursed by women, whose children
died from marasmus, and in one of the nurses infiltration was
detected in the apex. The other infants had phthisical mothers, who
nurses their babes for a longer or shorter time. The phthisis of the
mother would suffice to physicians, like Vogel, to consider heredity
as the sole cause, but on the-contrary many physicians have observed
that reports of phthisical descendants, when nursed by a healthy
breast, do well, and when they sicken, they may succumb to a
chronic catarrhal affection of the respiratory organs, whereas chil¬
dren nursed by a tuberculous mother, become tuberculous as soon as
their respiratory organs become affected. S. L.
THE CROUPS COMPARED.
EXTRACT FROM PART V DI8EASE8 OF INFANTS AND CHILDREN-
Croupal cry, cough and voice belong to several diseases; as acute
laryngitis, chronic laryngitis, spasmodic laryngitis, membranous
laryngitis, diphtheritic laryngitis, and croupous pneumonia.
Laryngeal Catarrh —Simple Laryngitis without Spasm.
Acute laryngitis consists of simple erythematous or catarrhal inflam¬
mation of the mucous membrane of the larynx, unattended with
spasmodic closure of that organ. It is sometimes attended with
ulceration, but is unaccompanied by exudation of false membrane.
The frequency of the disease during infancy and childhood, is very
considerable, so much so, that not a winter passes without many well
marked cases. The disease occurs at all periods of childhood but
seems to be more frequent under than over five years of age. Of
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1880.]
The Croups Compared .
39
sixty-two well-marked cases met with in which the age was noted,
fifty occurred in children under, and only twelve in those over that
age. Of the former the great majority were under two years of age.
The disease is very apt to occur in the course of other maladies, and
particularly of measles, small pox, scarlet fever, bronchitis and pneu¬
monia.
Anatomical Characters.—In simple acute laryngitis the mucous
membrane of the larynx presents the usual appearance of mucous
surfaces when inflamed, namely, redness and thickening. It is also
somewhat softened. Ulcerations rarely, perhaps never, occur in
primary acute laryngitis. When present they are, with few excep¬
tions, referable to the tubercular or syphilitic cachexia. They are
small, and are situated on or up near the vocal cords. The inflam¬
mation in simple acute laryngitis usually extends over the whole sur¬
face of the larynx, and also to the upper part of the trachea. It may
be uniform, or more intense in one place than another, and like other
mucous inflammations is accompanied by more or less rapid prolifer¬
ation and exfoliation of epithelial cells. In most cases of simple
laryngitis, whether acute or chronic, the inflammation extends to the
fauces producing redness and thickening (though generally moderate)
of the mucous membrane which covers it. Examination of the fauces
therefore aids in diagnosis.
Symptoms .—The attack generally legins with a slight fever and an
alteration of the voice or cry. In infants the change in cry alone
exists, so that to detect the disease it is necessary to hear the child
cry.
In older children the same alteration of the cry is present, but there
is in addition a change in the voice consisting of various degrees of
hoarseness. These symptoms may be so slight as to be observed in
the cry only when it is strong and forcible, and in the voice so as to
strike the ear of one accustomed to be with the child; or they may be
so marked as to be heard in the faintest cry that is uttered, and to be
evident in the* voice in a moment to the most careless observer, or
there may be complete aphonia. They are often intermittent in this
form, and are generally most marked in the after part of the day and
during the night. Simultaneously with this symptom, or very soon
after, cough occurs. This is generally hoarse and rough, and early in
the attack, dry ; at a later period it usually becomes loose, and as this
change occurs loses its character of hoarseness. The frequency of
the cough is variable, but usually moderate; as a general rule it is
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40
The Croups Compared.
[January. 1,
most frequent in the evening, and early in the morning, particularly
in infants and young children. The disease is almost always pre¬
ceded and attended with some coryza, which, in the early stage is
marked by sneezing and slight incrustations about the nostrils, and at
a later period by mucus and sero-mucous discharges. The respiration
remains natural, except that it is sometimes nasal, and sometimes a
little accelerated. There is rarely any fever, or it is slight, and occurs
only at night. There is no pain in the larynx. In some cases, the
hoarseness of the cry, voice or cough scarcely exists, or it is but
slightly marked, and the only symptom is a dry, hard, teasing and
paroxysmal cough, which from its sound evidently proceeds from the
larynx and resembles very much that produced by the tickling of a
foreign body in the throat.
The symptoms of this disease instead of being of a mild character
just described, may be much more severe. The cough is more fre¬
quent, hoarse, troublesome and painful, from the scraping and tear¬
ing sensations it occasions in the larynx. The voice is more affected
becoming from husky, more and more hoarse, though it is very
unusual for it to become weak and whispering as in membranous and
severe spasmodic croup. The respiration is decidedly accelerated,
giving rise to slight dyspnoea and there is more or less fever, which is
most marked usually in the after part of the day and in the night.
The pulse is more frequent than in health, rising to 120 or 130 in the
minute; the skin is hot and dry; the child is thirsty, restless, and
uncomfortable. After a few days usually, the cough becomes loose
and easy and ceases to be painful. The voice loses its hoarse tone
gradually, the fever disappears, the appetite and gayety return, and
the child regains its usual health.
In nearly all cases of this form of laryngitis, there is found upon
examination of the fauces, more or less decided inflammation of the
tonsils, soft palate and pharynx.
Diagnosis .— The diagnosis is very easy. The hoarseness of the cry,
voice and cough, the redness of the mucous membrane of the pharynx
and the absence ot general symptoms will distinguish it from any
other affection. In somewhat severer cases of this form, in which
the cough is more frequent and harassing, the general symptoms
more strongly marked, and the respiration somewhat hurried and
oppressed, the attack at first view may present the appearance of
bronchitis or pneumonia, from which it is to be distinguished by
physical exploration. (Meigs & Pepper).
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1880.]
The Groups Compared.
41
Prognosis.— Simple acute laryngitis subsides in from one to two
weeks, occasionally it lasts three or four weeks before the cough
entirely disappears. Death, which is rare, is attributable to some
complication. (Smith).
The treatment of acute laryngitis consists in selecting the appro¬
priate remedy which is usually all that is sufficient. This remedy is
usually Belladonna. A croupal cry or cough is usually such an occa¬
sion of alarm, that those not versed in Homoeopathy sometimes resort
to an emetic, and thus complicate the case, giving us often bronchitis
as well. (See other forms).
Chronic Laryngitis.
Chronic laryngitis is much less frequent than the acute form. Its
anatomical characters are similar to those in other chronic inflamma¬
tions affecting mucous surfaces, namely, thickening, and more or less
infiltration of the mucous membrane; increased proliferation and
exfoliation of the epithelial cells, and increased functional activity of
the muciparous follicles.
In the adult, chronic laryngitis is dependent on the syphilitic or
tubercular disease. In the child it occurs not infrequently in connec¬
tion with tubercles in the lungs or bronchial glands. Such patients
are emaciated, and have the ordinary symptoms of tuberculosis. But
occasionally chronic laryngitis occurs in young children, usually
infants in whom there is no emaciation or other evidence of cachexia.
Smith mentions twelve such cases, mostly nursing infants. Some of
these bad mild bronchitis; but it was obviously subordinate to the
laryngitis. Their respiration was noisy and harsh, continuing of this
character day after day and week after week. The cough was also
harsh and loud, conveying the idea of thickening, and relaxation of
the mucous membrane covering the vocal cords. Their respiration
was not notably accelerated, and the blood was apparently fully oxy¬
genated, though the friends were often alarmed by the noisy breathing
and cough.
In this form of chronic laryngitis there is little expectoration, the
fever is slight or absent, the appetite remains unimpaired, and the
general condition of the child is good. There are from time to time
exacerbations, and occasionally improvement is such as to encourage
the hope of speedy cure, but in most cases there is no complete inter¬
mission iu the disease until final recovery. Recovery takes place in
from three or four months to one year. * * * *
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42
The Croups Compared.
[January 1,
This chronic laryngitis is to be distinguished from frequent attacks
of acute laryngitis, which are due to fresh exposures, and are accom¬
panied by the ordinary symptoms of the acute disease. It is to be
distinguished from protracted acute laryngitis by its longer duration,
the greater thickening of the inflamed membrane, and consequently
more noisy respiration.
Anatomical Lesions.— These consist of simple inflammation of the
raucous membrane, with its various effects. The membrane varies in
color between a deep-rose and violet-red, which may be either uni¬
form or only in patches. In severer cases, the tissue is at the same
time, softened or roughened and sometimes thickened. When red¬
ness, softening and thickening are present, the disease is confined to
certain parts, and commonly to the epiglottis and internal portions of
the vocal chords, but when redness alone exists, it usually affects the
whole of the larynx, and sometimes extends to the trachea. Cases in
whom ulceration is present are almost always secondary, generally
small, few in number, very superficial, linear in shape, and usually on
the vocal chords.
In the adult oedema of the glottis occasionally results from laryn¬
gitis, but in the child there is little danger this will occur, in conse¬
quence of the anatomical character of the larynx. In early life there
is but little sub-mucous areolar tissue in the larynx, and therefore less
sub-mucous infiltration or effusion during inflammation. The struc¬
tural changes occurring in the laryngitis of infancy and childhood
relate almost exclusively to the mucous membrane. (Smith).
There is also an obstinate, troublesome cough in children laboring
under this affection. This cough is harsh, rough, and so to speak,
tearing in its character. It often sounds, especially towards evening
and in the early part of the night, croupal in its tone. It is usually
very frequent, not so much, however, during the day as in the evening
and at night. It is very generally increased by the horizontal posi¬
tion, so that when the child is put to bed, it will begin to cough vio¬
lently and almost incessantly, and will continue to do so for one, two,
and even three or four hours. The cough is so constant and so severe
as to cause the greatest disturbance, not only to the patient (who will
toss in the most restless manner) but to the mother or attendants who
are excessively annoyed, and sometimes alarmed by its constancy and
obstinacy. Children who become subject to this species of cough,
often have repeated attacks during the cold seasons of the year, the
slightest exposure, sometimes bringing them on. During the day, the
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1880.]
2 he Croups Compared.
4S
child generally seems perfectly well, or at most merely a little pale
and languid, and coughs but moderately, but as soon as night comes
on, and especially when hs is put to bed, the cough begins and goes
on as described above. In some cases, this unusual susceptibility of
the laryngeal mucous membrane seems to be founded upon a con¬
genital or constitutional idiosyncrasy, in others it is the result of post
natal influnces, particularly insufficient clothing. (Meigs & Pepper).
In some instances the uvula is lengthened from relaxation of the
mucous membrane and thus provokes cough in the recumbent pos¬
ture.
Therapeutics.— In the acute form. Aconite, Bell., Brom., Cham.,
Bros., Hepar, Iodine, Ipecac, Loch., Merc., Senega, Spongia, or lartar
emstic are the chief remedies. For the chronic form, Argentum,
Arnica. Caust., Carbo veg., Bute., Phos., Puls., Rhus and Sulph. are the
principal ones. The indications are:
Aconite.— Nervous, feverish restlessness.
Arnica.— Child cries before it coughs {Bell, alter). Dry, short, con¬
stant cough. Traumatic cases.
Argentum— Dry, spasmodic cough; hoarseness and loss of voice.
Posterior wall of pharynx also swollen. Chronic form.
Belladonna.— The attack is ushered in suddenly in the afternoon,
or after lying down; face flushed, eyes injected ; swallowing difficult
and painful. Starting in sleep.
Bromine.— Much rattling in the larynx when coughing; hoarseness
and spasmodic closure of the glottis. Fair children.
Carbo veg.— Long-lasting case, seemingly dependent upon the debil¬
ity from insufficient nourishment. Tongue and fauces show a venous
stasis. (Compare Phos.)
Causticum.— Frequent attacks of suffocation during inspiration as
if some one grasped the throat, arresting the breathing for the
moment. Dry, hollow, hoarse cough. Chronic form.
t Chamomilla.— Not often indicated. The great distress of the child
seems to be out of all proportion to the real disease. Belief from
motion would suggest this remedy.
Brosera.— Attacks of suffocation. When hooping cough is about.
Cough made up of quickly succeeding barks which do not allow recov¬
ery of breath.
Dulcarr\ara.— (See Spasmodic Laryngitis).
Hepar.— Laryngeal catarrh, with rattling of mucus in throat which
is expectorated or dislodged with difficulty. The cough is loose but
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44
The Croups Compared.
[January 1,
still hoarse.
Iodine .— Has tightness and constriction about the larynx, with sore¬
ness and hoarseness; constant clearing of the throat; voice hoarse
and husky. Chronic form with ulceration. Dark children.
Ipecac is often misused, being given when not indicated. Catarrhal
form, with almost constant nausea.
Kali bich.— Chronic form, follicular laryngitis ; swelling of the
tissues and secretion of gray mucus. Worse towards morning, the
tough mucus causes gagging and strangling.
Kali tod.—Laryngeal irritation, dry cough; burning tickling in the
throat. Syphilitic or mercurialized cases.
Lachesis — Chronic form; very markedly worse after sleeping.
Child pulls at the throat. Hoarseness and dryness.
Mercurius.— Tongue large and flabby; much saliva; complicated
with angina faucicum.
Nitric acid.—Long-standing ; short, dry cough, continuing all day;
very troublesome when first lying down at night, but not waking the
child from sleep. Chronic, hoarse cough, without expectoration.
Petroleum — Coal oil tied about the neck is a domestic remedy.
Phosphorus.— Chronic weakness of the vocal organs; violent tickling
in larynx when speaking; dry, spasmodic cough, with constriction of
the throat.
Sanguinaria .— Acute form, dryness, soreness, swelling and redness.
Polypi of the larynx and nasal fossae.
Seneca— Copious accumulation of mucus in the air tubes.
Sulphur — Arterial and venous vascular irritability; great impressi¬
bility of the skin; rheumatic, herpetic, lymphatic diathesis.
[TO BE CONTINUED,]
EPHEMERAL PARALYSIS.
M. Jules Simon, at his clinic at the Hospital des Enfantes Malades,
draws attention to an affection to which he gives the name of Epheme¬
ral Paralysis, pointipg out that it is not to be confounded with Infan¬
tile Paralysis. It always has one of two causes. First, a powerful con¬
striction, as in one case it whs caused by a nurse seizing the child
roughly by the arm. Second, cold, as in one case in which it was
caused by sitting on a wet lawn. It Is accompanied by pain and
hypercesthesia. The prognosis is very good, recovery being both com¬
plete ana rapid.
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1880.J
Consultation Department.
45
Consultation Department.
CURE FOR WORMS.
What is the curative treatment of ascarides f Can any of your prac¬
tical readers give one V Case in hand of three years standing.
A. B. de Villeneuve.
GROUPING REMEDIES.
Editors are supposed to know everything, therefore I beg leave to
enquire why certain medicines are grouped together, instead of others
in Prof. Hoyne’s excellent Materia Medica cards, as there does not
appear any especial botanical, physiological or pathological connec¬
tion in them, and they are not in alphabetical order V D. S. K.
[We presume they are so grouped because they are similar in action
and are therefore better studied comparatively, but we turn the ques¬
tion over to Prof. Hoyne to answer.— Ed.J
COAL OIL IN GONORKHCEA.
In The Investigator for December 15, page 449, should read,
“ No emission of semen ” instead of 44 Urine.” You will find similar
symptoms in Dunham's Homoeopathy the Science of Therapeutics, on
page 323 and 327. For the benefit of J., page 449, please insert:
B. Kerosene 3viii.
Olive oil Mix.
Everybody ought to know what coal oil is, even a Homoeopathic
doctor. J. D. G.
41 DID THEY RUN V ”
Having seen an article published in l 1 he Medical Record of New
York, and copied in 1'he Detroit Lanret, and no doubt all of the Old
School journals have made .se of the same, I give it here, and ask
you if it is true: 44 The Medical Record says of the doctors in Memphis
in 1878. All the Homoeopaths ran away when the plague existed.” *
* * From Dr. S. J. Quimby’s report in your issue of Decem¬
ber 1, page 398,1 thought probably he might have been present in the
plague of 1878, also, if so, I would like to inform both of these journals
of the fact. Phil Porter.
Digitized by ^ooQie
46 Consultation Department. [January 1,
[The only one who left was Dr. Morse who came north to recruit
from the fever contracted while on duty.— Ed.j
CASE FOR COUNSEL.
Was taken in March 1874 with haemorrhage from the lungs. Had
four different haemorrhages within twenty-four hours, about two
spoonfuls at a time. Was confined to bed a week. I was very weak,
especially in the knee joints; for three months I was just able to be
about and work a little, part of the time. I then had five haemor¬
rhages within forty-eight hours, which caused my loss of voice, and 1
was confined to the bed for five months. I then improved a little so
as to be able to walk a little with two canes, but on account of mv
great weakness have not been able to sit up on an average more than
half an hour a day for now nearly five years, and cannot whisper but
little without suffering severe pain in the throat. My greatest suffer¬
ing is from the knees; they are more than weak. I can bear but
about half my weight on them and cannot sit up because the pain and
smarting in the knee joints is so extremely severe. I have had three
haemorrhages since the one that caused aphonia about five years ago,
all caused from overdoing in whispering too much or in walking too
much, I eat and sleep well; digestion fair; did have dyspepsia two
years ago, but am mainly cured of it, though am troubled some with
constipation, but my food gives me little or no increase of strength.
The cause of the haemorrhage in the first place was from over singing,
or it was generally thought that was the cause, and I feel confident
that it was. I have always followed the merchantile business, and at
the time of being taken my system was run down from confining myself
too close and too constantly indoors. I feel confident that I have
enough vitality to be well if we could only distribute and equalize it.
I can lift forty or fifty pound with one hand, but have not strength
enough in the knees to sit up an hour a day. I am thirty-four years
old: was twenty-nine when taken. W. O. Perry.
CASE FOR COUNSEL.
I desire counsel in the following case: The patient, a man aged
forty-nine, six feet high, weighs 205 pounds, brown hair and eyes, pre¬
sents generally a picture of health, has never had any serious illness,
nor venereal disease of any kind. Was married at twenty-one* Is a
lawyer in large practice. About six months ago all sexual instinct
left, and since has not had any sexual desire or ability to accomplish
sexual intercourse. Has never been guilty of excess of any kind.
Have treated him with P/ios., Nux v. and Phosphide oj Zinc .
R. Wilson Carr.
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1880.J
Clinical Observations.
47
Therapeutical Department
CL INICAL OBSER VA110NS.
REPORTS FROM THE FIELD OF PRACTICE.
Davis Junction, Ill., Dec. 2#.— Hooping cough is the prevailing
disease. Remedies used: JJrosem 3x, Cuprum met. 3x, Aconite 3x for
fever symptoms. M. J. Hill.
Mechanic Falls, Me., Dec. 24.—Typhoid fever has, as usual, pre¬
vailed here this season, but in a milder form, for which Baptisia has
done little in my hands, but its place is supplied by Rhus tox . which
acts very readily, likewise Opium when it is indicated.
W. Watters.
Kirwin, Kan.—The chief diseases are: Rheumatism, bilious,
intermittent and typhoid fevers, though but little of either, some
mumps, scarlet fever and diphtheria. The usual remedies, mostly in
the 3x have done good service. Had two cases of metastases of
mumps to the testicles. Puls, lx, internally, and Acmiite lotion exter¬
nally, cured speedily. N. B. Homan.
White House, Pa., Dec. 23.—We have been having some diph¬
theria at this locality with the usual good success. I treated twenty-
seven cases without any death. My Allopathic cotemporary only
lost seven out of forty similar cases during the same time, and some¬
times in the same house. Treatment mostly Kali Inch lx, three grains
in one glass of water, a teaspoonful taken in alternation with Merc,
jod. rub. lx or 2x, dry on tongue. Sometimes Kiiric acid . pure, one
drop to a glass of water instead of Kali b. In other cases Phyto. lx
alone would cure if indicated. I have more trouble with temporary
loss of vision that at times come on as a sequel. I do not know that
anything I tried improved the defect until it always gradually left.
M. Rudolph Cullison.
Santiago de Cuba, Island of Cuba, Dec. 15.—I herewith send
you the morturary report of our city during the past month. Deaths
from yellow fever, 7; anasarca, 1; old age, 7; aneurism, 3; consump¬
tion, 20; dysentery, 2; typhoid fever, 3 ; pernicious fever, 12; croup,
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48
Turkish love for Water.
(January 1,
1; hemiplegia, 1; cancer, 1: tetanus infantum, 4; cholera infantum,
8; antrax, 1; eclampsia puerperalis, 2; diarrhoea, 10; hydrothorax, 2;
bronchitis, 3; cerebral congestion, 2; cerebral anaemia, 1; delirium
tremens, 1; gangrene, 1 *, rachitis, 1; angina, 1. Total, 90. Of these
were: White, 44; colored, 46; children under seven years, 18;
adults, 72. We are enjoying delightful weather, what we call our
muter . We have had a few days quite cold for us, with the thermom¬
eter at 72.° You may form an idea of our cold weather by the follow¬
ing meteorological observations taken yesterday: Temperature ,
Fahrenheit, 80.6.° Atmospheric pressure , B. aneroide, 75.7; P. tension
22.6; dampness, 87. It will be observed that the mortality is compar¬
atively small for a place numbering 40,000 inhabitants. At this time
of the year our city is generally very healthy, and for this reason
would be an excellent locality for the sojourn of invalids who are
unable to bear the rigor of a northern winter. Of the 90 deaths, only
three of the patients were treated Hommopathically; the first of these
was a colored woman 98 years of age, who died during the first
paroxysm of pernicious intermittent fever; the second, a child of six
months, who came under Homoeopathic treatment on the seventh day
of diphtheritic croup. The last was a young man who appealed to
Homoeopathy during the last stage of consumption. These statistics
are not intended to prove the infallibility of our system. The above
is merely a plain statement of facts which cannot fail to demonstrate
the superiority of Homoeopathy. Jose I. Navarro.
TUHKISH LOVE OF WATEti .
A Turk, writes a traveler, thinks he can do nothing so grateful to
God and man as the set ting up of a fountain by the roadside, or in
the streets of the city, where the wayfarer and his animals may
appease their thirst and bless the name of him who provided for their
wants. Often in my travels I have halted beneath the shade of a
wide spreading plane tree to slake my thirst at the limpid waters of a
marble fountain, and to repose from the noonday heat. There is
always some edifying distich from the Koran, that Water is the
gift of God, and blessed is he who distributes it,” or thatWater is
the source of he alth and life,” etc. There is a practical piety in these
monuments of charity that speaks well for the benevolent disposition
of the Mussulman. The Turks are great consumers of water, and
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1880. J
Lateral Curvature of the Spine.
49
they are good judges of its quality and nice in what they use. The
favorite water that is sold at a para a glass in the streets is from Asia;
either from Tehamildja, on the mountain about Scutari, or from
Karakoulak, some ten miles up the Bosphorus, several miles inward
from Belcos. This is brought to the landing in barrels, on horses’
backs, put in barges, and in this way carried to Constantinople before
daylight. Notwithstanding the length of the journey, it is as clear as
crystal. The venders cry it as “ Bowz guiba ” — as good as ice. A
pacha will drain two goblets at a swallow. As water is said to have
fattening properties, the large draughts they take of it may be the
cause, in part, of the obesity to which both sexes of the Tui*ks are
subject.
[If more liquids were taken in this country, we would not see so
many spare, starved looking persons in our midBt. See How to be
Plump.— Ed.]
LATERAL CURVATURE OF THE SPINE.
A LECTURE BY J. MARTINE KERSHAW, M. D., PROFESSOR OF DIS¬
EASES OF THE BRAIN, 8PINE, AND GENERAL NERVOUS SYS¬
TEM, IN THE HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE OF
MISSOURI, ST. LOUI8.
Gentlemen: Having spoken to you of Pott’s disease and its
treatment by extension of the spine, and the consequent reparation,
and immobility of the diseased parts, I now call your attention for a
few moments to the subject of lateral curvature of the spine. I shall
make no extended remarks upon this disease, but direct your atten¬
tion especially to its treatment by means of proper gymnastic exer¬
cises. I do not think a confirmed case can well be treated otherwise.
The patient should at once, on beginning the treatment, be made to
swing the body, hanging by the arms, the feet clearing the floor.
The muscles of the arms should be developed by constant exercise
that they may permit of the body hanging as long as possible. By the
hanging of the body in the manner mentioned, the muscles of the
contracted side are relaxed, or at any rate there is a strong ten¬
dency in this direction as a result of this species of gymnastic exer¬
cise. I often time a patient noting the lengthof time he is able to
sustain the weight of the body bv hanging with the hands. One
in good practice will hang for several minutes. The swing back¬
ward and forward is good practice. Swinging from side to side as
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50
A Clinical Case.
[January 1,
also the rotary swinging movement, both these are good and tend
to overcome muscular contraction, and place the patient in a
condition favorable to the application of appatuses for the per¬
manent correction of deformities. The use of a swing—one rope
being several inches shorter than the other, the hand on the con¬
tracted side grasping the shortest rope — this is also a good means
of exercising the muscles of the trunk. I mention gymnastic exer¬
cises as a part of the treatment of lateral curvature of the spine,
because I do not believe you can successfully treat a confirmed case
without resort to such means. It is the foundation work upon w'hich
to build a straight back. By means of the proper muscular exercise
and the consequent relaxation of contracted muscles, the existence of
which will keep any spine in a state of deformity, by such prelimin¬
ary work, extending it may be over many weeks and months, we
place the patient in the most favorable condition for mechanical
treatment.
A CLINICAL CASE.
BY E. CAMPBELL, M. D., FAIRFIELD, IOWA.
Mr. Murry, a farmer, aged thirty-two, called at my office Dec. 10,
1878. Said he bad an ulcer on right thigh. On making an examina¬
tion, found a large sore of the right thigh (over the rectus muscles)
about two and a half inches wide by three in length. It was covered
by an irregular grayish scab an eighth of an inch thick. The surface
of the scab was composed of whitish scales; the scab was broken in
places and showed raw surfaces. He said five years ago he was
troubled with a constant itching of the right thigh; this continued
for two years, then small vesicles began to form ; these would break
and discharge a clear, watery fluid for several days; it then would
thicken, become yellow, and form a scaly crust. This would remain
on from two to four weeks, but as there was a constant itching, he
would often have the scab off in his sleep; but it would always
return in a short time. He had tried local applications but could not
cure it. I gave him Rhus tox. 3x and Sulph. 30x; three doses of Rhus
a day and a powder of Sulph. every night.
Dec. 29. Returned, no improvement; constant itching; gave
Graph. 4 and Ars. iod. ; a powder of Graph, in morning; Ars. tod., a
powder at night.
Jan. 21,1879. He is some better; gave him Graph. 4x, two powders
a day.
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1880.]
Weather Proving and Disease lendency.
51
Feb. 21. Is much better; the scab is half gone and the surface is
healed over nearly; no sign of vesicle forming where the scab has
fallen off; continued with same remedies.
March 21. Is still improving; all healed, excepting a place size of
silver dollar. Continues to take Graphs a powder at night.
April 21. Returned and said, did not need more medicines; gave
him Sac lac., a powder every night.
May 10. The surface of thigh is healed over, and excepting a
slignt bluish tinge is as sound as ever. Dismissed him with promise
to let me know if it ever returned. No return up to date, Dec. 26,
1879.
A NEW HEALTH RESORT .
Cannes, Nov. 28,1879.
Dear Sir : I have spent a good part of spring, summer and autumn
in the most delicious abode, where I am sure every invalid who have
wintered in the South of France, or in Italy, and who are too deli¬
cate to return to Paris, or Switzerland, may rest with benefit. The
living is as good as possible, for a country hotel, and the air very
pure. Caudalat (Gard) is the name of this place; it is built at the
foot of three green hills, protected themselves by very high moun¬
tains. It is only a mile from a little city ot 5,000 inhabitants (the
Vogans). The hotel, which has been built by my late friend Dr.
Verdiet, the proprietor of this establishment, afford large rooms well
ventilated. There is an hydropathic establishment and cold sulphur,
ferriuginous water, which gave the most beautiful result during the
time I stay in this place, peculiarly chronic rheumatism, skin diseases,
chronic eczema, etc. The nervous people, children and ladies who
don’t sleep in the southern climate, on accouut of the dryness of the
air, find quite a relief in this place. There are very nice and beauti¬
ful excursions in the neighborhood; the roads are very well’ kept;
hotels in abundance. Yours truly,
J. A. Clark.
WEATHER PROVING AND DISEASE TENDENCY.
BY BUSHUOD W. JAMES, A. M., M. D., PHILADELPHIA.
Meteorological summary for November, 1879, by C. A. Smith, Ser¬
geant signal corps, U. S. A. Highest barometer 30.587 (30th.) Lowest
barometer 29.472 (20th.) Average barometer 30.165. Monthly range of
barometer 1.115 in. Highest temperature 75 (12th.) Lowest temper¬
ature 91 (21st). Average temperature 44.7. Monthly range of temper-
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52
Weather Proving and Disease Tendency . [January 1,
ature 56. Greatest daily range of temperature 25 (29th.) Least daily
range of temperature 6 (30th.) Mean of maximum temperature 52.4.
Mean of minimum temperature 36.9. Mean daily range of temperature
15.5. Mean relative humidity 68. Total rainfall 1.38 in. Prevailing
direction of wind N. W. Maximum velocity of winds 40 (N. W. 20th
and 23d.) Total movement of wind 8,263 miles. Number of foggy
days none. Number of clear days 8. Number of fair days 15. Num¬
ber of cloudy days on which rain or snow fell, 6. Number of cloudy
days on which no rain or snow fell, 1. Total number of days on which
rain or snow fell, 13. Frost or freezing temperature occurred on 15
days. Light snow falls on 16th, 20th, and 29th, amounting in all* to
about 24 inches.
COMPARATIVE TEMPERATURE.
November, 1874, 41.8 inches.
“ 1875, 39.7
44 1876, 45.0 4k Average for) j««
44 1877, 46.6 “ six years, f
44 1878. 44.8 “
44 1879, 44.7 4 ‘
COMPARATIVE PRECIPITATION.
November, 1874, 2.32
1875, 5.40
44 1876, 7.31
44 1877, 5.14
44 1878, 2.19
44 1879, 1.38
Average for) „ Qa
six years. j
COMPARATIVE RELATIVE HUMIDITY.
November, 1874 61
44 1875 68
44 1876 V
44 1877 72
44 1878 66
44 1879 68
Average for) ^
six years, j ^
DISEASE TENDENCY.
The month commenced with a tendency to sudden deaths and cere¬
bral diseases, vertigo, neuralgia, headache and spinal congestions.
Haemorrhoids, bilious vomiting, enteralgia and herpetic eruptions
were among the earliest tendencies that followed. Then came con¬
gestions of the liver, a mild form of sore throat, croup and acute
laryngitis. After this, about the 8th of the month, fresh colds, with
coryza, earache and catarrhal inflammations. Rheumatism and neu¬
ralgia were also more prevalent. Immediately following was a con¬
tinuation of eruptions, while heart diseases were aggravated, and a
tendency to typhoid fever was more marked, and invalid suffering
more than usual from headache, vertigo, fainting spells and general
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1880 .]
Tapeworm Disease Curable.
53
debility. Spinal and cerebral congestions as would be expected, were
abundant, and dyspepsia depending upon nervous debility was very
frequently met with, also gastralgia and enteralgia accompanying
other diseases.
On the 13th, preceding a very cloudy day when an easterly and
southeasterly wind prevailed, we had an aggravation of most all of the
diseases prevalent, and a greater typhoid tendency and also hoarse
colds, croup and laryngitis. During the fall months this season, there
has been a more extended disposition to malarial fevers than for years
past, and November had its full share.
About the 15th and 16th, and for several successive days there was
an increased amount of spinal congestions, paralysis, vertigo, pulmon¬
ary congestions, diphtheritic sore throat, hepatic derangements and
diarrhoea. About the 21st there was an increased amount of sore
throat, laryngitis, bronchitis, and catarrhal fresh colds, attended with
cough and headache, more or less disposition to hoarseness, and this
disposition kept up until the end of the month. Conjunctivitis was
quite prevalent, while pulmonary diseases were on the increase during
the last few days of the month. Consumptives felt the atmospheric
influence and were much worse in all their symptoms. Pleurisy man¬
ifested itself and patients complained of being wakeful and much
disturbed during the night.
Comparing this month with October, we find that scarlet fever has
increased a little as well as diphtheria, while the cardiac, cerebral and
pulmonary disorders have shown a larger increase.
TAPEWORM DISEASE CURABLE.
BY ADOLPH LIPPE, M. D., PHILADELPHIA, PA.
It is a fatal error to proclaim that the tapeworm can be managed.’'
Our good friend, A. M. Piersons, M. D.. New York, publishes in The
United States Medical Investigator, March 1, 1873, p. 176, a
paper entitled ,k Management of the Tapeworm.” Dr. Piersons evi¬
dently would like it much better if he could write on “ The Cure (of
course Homoeopathic) of the Tapewormbut he finds himself off
the track, and discrediting the teachings of the master (which is just
now all the rage), he confesses openly to what sort of a management
his fashionable departure from the master’s teachings led him. We
have no doubt Dr. Piersons will read our remarks kindly, and do
better in future, or confess again.
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54
Tapeworm Disease Curable .
[January 1,
As Homoeopathicians, it behooves us to look for advice and for
information to the writings of the founder of our healing-art; to
look up precedents, as did Dr. Piersons, even to the number of thirty-
five, is almost a useless task, because we must treat individuals, and
not diseases or names of diseases, nor expel worms —even a tape¬
worm ; this sort of management belongs to the school of materialism
— the Allopathic school.
What do we find in Hahnemann’s writings V First and foremost, a
foot-note on page 24 of the fourth edition of the Organon (German),
page 88, fourth American edition, and on page 52 (14) of the fifth
American edition, and it reads thus: “The expulsion of worms in
so-called worm diseases has an appearance of necessity. But this
appearance also is deceptive. Some lumbrical worms are perhaps to
be found in many children, while the threadworm may be said to
infest many others. But all of these, as well as a superabundance
of one kind or another, invariably result from a general state of
unhealthiness (psoric), combined with an unwholesome mode of liv¬
ing. By improving the latter, and curing the psoric disease Homce-
opathically, which is most easily accomplished during the period of
childhood, no more worms will remain, and children cured in this
manner will no longer be tormented by them, while they are rapidly
reproduced in great numbers after the use of mere purgatives, even
if these are compounded with wormseed (Semen cince).
“ But what of the tapeworm ?” I hear them say, “ must not this
monstrous plague of mankind be expelled most forcibly V”
* w Indeed it is sometimes driven out, but not without terrible
sequences, and even danger to life. I would not burden my con¬
science with the death of so many fellow-men, whose lives have been
sacrificed by the use of the most debilitating, dreadful purgatives,
intended lor the tapeworm, neither would I be guilty of the pro¬
tracted illness, lasting for years, of those who escaped death by
purgation. Though continued for years, how often does this purga¬
tive treatment, so destructive to health and life, fail to attain its
object, or, if it succeeds, does not the tapeworm as frequently repro¬
duce itself V
“ What if this forcible, and often cruel and fatal method of expel¬
ling or killing these parasites were unnecessary ?
“ The various species of tapeworm are only found in cases of
psoric disease, and always disappear when that is cured. But
before such a cure can be accomplished, and during a comparative
state of health, they do not inhabit the intestines proper, but
ratner the remnants of food and faecal matter contained therein, liv¬
ing quietly as in a world of their own, without causing the least
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Tapeworm Disease Curable.
55
1880.]
inconvenience, finding their sustenance in the contents of the bowels.
During this state they do not come in contact with the intestinal
walls, and remain harmless. But if from any cause, a person is
attacked by an acute disease, the contents of the intestines become
and irritates the sensative intestine lining, thus increasing the
offensive to the parasite, which, in its writhing and distress, touches
complaints of the patient considerably by a particular kind of cramp¬
like colic. (In the same manner, the foetus in the womb becomes
restless, turns and pushes, while the mother is sick, but floats quietly
in the ainniotic fluid, without inconvenience to her, when she is well).
It is to be observed here, that the symptoms which manifest them¬
selves at this epoch, with persons who have the solitary worm within
them, are of such a nature, that often the smallest dose of the tincture
of the root of the male-fern speedily effects their eradication in a
Homoeopathic manner, because it puts an end to that part of the
malady occasioned by the disturbed state of this parasite ; the tape¬
worm, finding itself once more at ease, continues to exist upon the
intestinal substances, without incommoding the patient in any very
painful degree, until the anti-psoric cure is so far advanced that the
worm no longer finds the contents of the intestinal canal fit for its
support, and it voluntarily quits it forever, without any purgatives
being employed.”
Dr. Piersons says, 44 I do not believe one sentence of what Hahne¬
mann says about taenia. Were he now alive to re-write his foot-note
with the light furnished us bv the experiences of Kuchenmeister and
others, I believe he would leave out the psoric theory altogether, and
also the comparison to the foetus in utero.”
The fault-find ii g with Hahnemann ? s teachings has become 41 epi¬
demic,” and Dr. Piersons has also been attacked by this modern
mania. In what particulars Hahnemann is altogether wrong, so that
not one of the sentences of this foot-note should be believed, we do
not exactly comprehend. The psora doctrine? If the consecutive
propositions offered by Hahnemann in these sentences were unten¬
able now, then it might be practicable to upset his final deduction
that the tapeworm voluntarily and without purgatives quits a healthy
individual. Have Kuchenmeister or others found a 44 specific ” for
the various species of tapeworm ? If they had. Dr. Piersons would
have been more successful. If the tapeworm, after having been
forcibly driven out, did not now regularly reproduce himself, as well
as when Hahnemann wrote this foot-note, we might have good reason
to disbelieve his teachings, but he surely does come back. The pro¬
duction of tsenia, by giving specimens of cysticircus cellulosse or not,
has not the most remote connection with what Hahnemann says in
his foot-note.
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56
Tapeworm Disease Curable.
[January l,
When Dr. Piersons expresses his utter disbelief in what Hahne¬
mann says about the tapeworm, he very unfortunately only adds
involuntarily more evidence to Hahnemann’s foot-note when he
relates the very bungling method followed by him to expel his
patient's tapeworm. Is the child well now? As Dr. Piersons has
giyen us one case, we will return the compliment. In 1845 we were
consulted by J. Lillie, D. D., M. D., who suffered from a tapeworm.
In his library he preserved some thirty-six specimens of tapeworm,
every one of which had been forcibly expelled from him by all sorts
of cathartics, by turpentine, by the bark of Punica granatum , by
pumpkin seeds, and by every remedy ever recommended by profes¬
sional and unprofessional male and female quacks. The learned doc¬
tor knew the Organon of the Healing Art of Samuel Hahnemann by
heart, but the tapeworm was there, and might have been used by him
as an evidence against the teachings of the master. The learned
doctor was perfectly convinced that Homoeopathy was the only heal¬
ing art, and that by it alone he might —nay, should —be relieved of
this his only physical ailment. What were we to do ? We followed
the master, we wrote out carefully all the symptoms of which the
individual afflicted with the tapeworm suffered; none of them were
very severe disturbances in sensation and function, still they were
our guide ; we did not consult any precedents, as they might mislead
us. It took considerable time to find the anti-psoric remedy which
fully corresponded with all the characteristic symptoms of the
patient- the tapeworm was left to take care of itself, and leave as
soon as its quarters became distasteful to it. After many long hours
of patient research, we found that Kali curb, corresponded with all
the symptoms of the individual. He took two doses of Kali curb.
(Jenichen), one in the morning, the other in the evening, without
changing his already very simple and frugal unobjectionable diet.
Dr. Lillie was then probably forty years old, married, and had a large
healthy family. On the seventh day after he took the remedy he
complained of having had, for the first time in his life, very painful
nocturnal, involuntary, seminal emissions, leaving a very painful
erection. This not frequently occurring symptom did not belong to
Kali curb as far as it was known, but it was a positive evidence that
Kali curb, was acting on the patient. In after years this very symp¬
tom was cured also by Kali carb. % and should be incori>orated into our
materia medica. In the third week after Kali carb. had been taken,
the tapeworm —the largest specimen in the doctor’s collection —
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1680 .] Adhesive Sirups for Counter-extension , etc.
came away. Twenty-five years later, JDr. Lillie, then residing in the
Seven-Sisters’ Road. London, paid us a visit. Neither the tapeworm
nor any sign of the parasite had returned; he was cured This is one
case only, to be sure; but as Dr. Piersons, testifying to his individual
unbelief in the contents of the above mentioned foot-note, gives us,
as “ evidence” on which he bases his unbelief, but one case, we will
for the present be content to return only one case also. Our evidence
is a positive confirmation of the correctness and reliability of the
said foot-note.
We testify that we strictly followed Hahnemann’s teachings, and
they might be comprised in a short sentence; treat the individual,
the individual’s symptoms, and nothing else. The symptoms of the
individual will indicate that remedy best capable of assisting in his
restoration to health; if he lives irregularly, if his diet is unwhole¬
some, the diet must be changed of course. We offer positive affirm¬
ative evidence; Dr. Piersons offers negative evidence, which will not
stand the scrutiny of a cross examination, which we shall not inflict
on him for the present. In looking over the child’s symptoms, we
should have set down for further study, Merc. viv.< A toe , and Caust. %
and we should then have looked for more symptoms before deciding
on the remedy.
Surgical Department.
adhesive straps for counter-extension of
FRACTURED THIGH.
BY JOHN O. MORGAN, M. D., PHILADELPHIA.
I have failed to find any printed recognition, of late years, of this
method —not even in the recent paper of Dr. Hall, of Chicago, in
The Medical Investigator. It was introduced some thirty years
ago, by Prof. David Gilbert, of Pennsylvania College. It is applied
thus:
Two straps, two inches wide are cut (lengthwise of the roll) and
sewed to roller-strips, together with a tie from the shoulder to the
tuberosity, i. e., long enough to reach from the upper end of Physick’s
Dessau It’s splint, (than which there can be no better or more sue
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58
Adhesive Straps far Counter Extension, etc. [January 1,
cessful apparatus), or from any other fixed point, far above the
hip-joint, downwards to the tuberosity of the ischium. The end
of one of these straps is applied, posteriorly, to the tuberosity,
upwards over the sacro-iliac joint and back. The other, ante¬
riorly, overlaps the first end, rendering both secure from slipping,
and is carried upwards over the groin; the ends of the roller are
then tied to the upper end of the long splint, at any desired
tension. Then the plaster extension is applied to the foot, and
with the aid of the tape-measure, the perfect length of the limb
preserved at will, by daily and close attention, until the callus is firm.
I have used this repeatedly, and in simple fracture of the shaft of the
femur, without shortening, in any case. I can also corroborate the
frequent utterance of Dr. Wm. Norris, late Surgeon to Pennsylvania
Hospital, that “ in fractures of the shaft of the femur, in this hos¬
pital, we never have shortening.” So frequently have I seen him
measure the limbs, now twenty-eight years ago, that I can testify
that there is nothing but simple truth in his statement. The Gilbert
counter extension, however, they did not use; only the old perineal
band.
Physick's Dessault's splints, properly applied , with plaster counter¬
extension and extension, I have found every way superior to the
weight, pulley, etc. In a restless child of five years, the latter
afforded no security whatever, neither did Smith's anterior splint,
(so valuable in compound fracture of adults); hence, I at last fell
back on the above, having had to straighten a decided angulation of
the bone, produced by his leaning over the side of the bed to play.
The result was perfect, and I can show him to any skeptic, a tall
young fellow, now —without a trace of the lesion. Even in a frac¬
ture of the neck of the femur, in a boy of twelve years, the same
method was perfect in result; but later, the ligamentous union
yielded a little from walking on the limb. Nevertheless, he did duty
as an infantry soldier, throughout our late war.
Development of Taenia.— At a late meeting of the Parisian Academy,
a note by M. Kedon communicated experiments on the ribbon-like
development of cysticercus in the human subject. The writer swal¬
lowed cysts collected from human beings, and gave some to pigs and
dogs. Man alone offered a nidus favorable to the development of
these parasites, aud yielded cucurbita. This proves that the taenia
solium|may proceed from a cysticercus, and that the cysticercus of man
is not the same as that of the pig.— Med. Pr<ss and Citcular .
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1880.]
Stricture of (Esophagus.
59
STRICTURE OF (ESOPHAGUS.
BY WM, D. FOSTER, M. D., HANNIBAL, MO.
Read before the joint Convention of the Western Academy and the Missouri Insti¬
tute of Homoeopathy.
Cases of this malady are sufficiently rare to render them extremely
interesting. The remarks I have to offer are suggested by the only
one of this sort that has ever come under my observation. This
patient, aged ten, is now, November 1877, in fair health, but cannot
swallow anything except fluids, subsists chiefly on milk and coffee.
Two years previously had an attack of cerebro spinal meningitis, and
was treated Allopathically. During the course of this disease he had
two convulsions, in each of which it was thought he would die. At
the end of three weeks, being convalescent, he was attacked with
pneumonia. He survived all these, however, together with the treat¬
ment of the two Allopaths, but it was found that he swallowed fluids
with great difficulty, and quite impossible to swallow any kind of
solid food. That condition still remains. Prior to his illness his edu¬
cation had not beeu neglected ; he could read, write, knew the multi¬
plication table, etc., and was generally as w’ell advanced as the aver¬
age country boy of his years. Now he is mentally dull, has forgotten
all he knew, does not know any part of the multiplication table, and
is mentally considerably demoralized. He is slender, evidently ill-
nourished and has considerable disturbance of his digestion. Has
had ague all summer and fall at intervals, and has taken Quinxne per¬
sistently. The Quinine was not advised nor prescribed by me, but
taken in accordance with the custom of the country. In the treat¬
ment of this case I was associated with Dr. Chamberlain of Hannibal.
Physical exploration with gradual bougies developed the seat of strict¬
ure at a point corresponding with the middle point of the sternum.
The smallest instrument was first passed with some difficulty, but the
resistance gradually abated, and he is now able, February, 1879, to
pass the third in size, and can swallow all kinds of food. The bou¬
gies were first introduced once a week, beginning with the smallest,
then a larger and so on, until, after a period of six weeks, he was per¬
mitted to take the instruments home with him and use them every
two or three days, which he did without the slightest inconvenience.
For two years preceding the commencement of this treatment, this
boy has had attacks of vomiting, stomach rejecting any and every
kind of food or drink. These paroxysms would last for one or two
days, and recurred at intervals of one week or ten days, and they still
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60
Medical News.
[January 1,
persist to some extent though appearing at longer intervals. For the
vomiting he has taken Oxalate cerium , Nux vom ., Phos., and possibly
other remedies without satisfactory relief.
In a pathological point of view the case presents curious features of
speculation, he swallows all kinds of food with facility, but the
stomach fails to retain it, and it is ejected. The question might
indeed arise as to whether the whole train of sequences did not origin¬
ate in lesion of nerve structure, if not indeed the cerebellum itself.
It may be added that the boy is gradually improving though assimi¬
lation is yet very defective.
Medical News.
A happy and prosperous new year to all.
Modem philosophy is an able address under the title of “ Intellect or
Character,” by J. A. J. Kendig, before the Home Class of English
Literature.
Chlorate of Potassa.— Isambert & Hume have found that Chlorate
of Potassa is eliminate without any change in as much as 95 or 99
per cent, of the amount administered .—Medical Record.
Died.— B. Blythe, M. D., died at his residence in Owensville, Cler¬
mont Co., Ohio, after a short but painful illness, aged sixty-three
years.
Pregnancy.—A writer in the Bonn Archives of Medicine in view of the
danger attending pregnancy in narrow pelves, diseases of the heart
and lungs, etc., proposes sterilization, by obliterating the orifices of
the fallopian tubes. He does not state what is to become of the ova.
Aged .—I visited in Plover, a Mrs. Benson, aged ninety years, March
8,1879. She has the third dentition, and her hair, which has grown
the last year or more, is brown, the color it was when she was young.
Talks on the scenes of 1812 with the eloquence of a preacher. All her
faculties are good except hearing. Hardness of hearing. H. M. K.
The Camden Insane Asylum.— My appointment to the asylum did
not last as long as we hoped it would. Old School trickery and political
dirt being the factors in the removal, although the journals on the
other side, all try to cover up their meaness by charging it all to us.
S. J. Qunt.
Fat Bacon.—Dr. T. Lander Brunton is authority for the statement
that fat bacon is one of the most satisfactory things upon which to do
hard mental work. He says; “ The nervous system contains a very
large proportion of fat and we can well imagine that if fat be deficient
from the food, that system must neccessarily suffer.
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THE
UNITED STATES
Medical Investigator
A SEMt-MONTHLr JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE.
New Series. Vol. XI.. No. 2.—JANUARY 15. 1880.— Whole No. 264.
Children's Department.
NEW VIEWS ON SCROFULA, SYPHILIS , ETC.
“ Probably, before long, thanks to the investigations of Heubner,
it will be found that many of the conditions that are now recognized
as scrofulous, are really due to albuminoid or protoplasmic nutritive
changes, the result of arteiio-capillary constriction which originated
in syphilis. In due time, evidence will probably be forthcoming to
show that these changes also occur in the lymphatic system, and that
they are co-existent with the primitive state of foetal life.”
Referring to the diagnostic signs of hereditary syphilis as elucidated
by Mr. Hutchinson, who says: “I have seen the so-called scrofulous
development of the head and jaw, irregular and regular notched teeth
to be the essential outcome of hereditary syphilis, and 1 have likewise
seen them when no syphilitic taint could be detected, and this I know
to be the experience of a large number of observers.”
“ There is no man living who is sufficiently presumptuous to say
that there are no cases to be found where it is not a matter of ques¬
tionable certainty as to the condition being one of scrofula or syphilis.
How often do we see this statement verified in daily practice by the
result of treatment ? Our little patients have all the signs indicative
of scrofula. They are wasted, ill-developed, rickety, with enlarged
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Ringworm and Fatty Food.
[January 15 ,
abdomen, large cranial development, pinched features, prominent
under jaw, thick lips, irregular teeth, some notched others curvated,
squat nose, corneal opacities, congestion of the coats of the eyes, and
retinal exudations, hair fine and scant, ears large, spine distorted,
ulcerations of the skin and mucous membrane, intermittent diarrhoea
and enlarged cervical glands. But withal the intellect may be clear.”
How often do we have patients who do not improve, though we
affiliate our remedy never so closely ? We may fall back on the scrof¬
ula theory, and give Calc, or some other anti-psoric remedy, and still
our enemy baffles us, and all because we do not or can not recognize
the presence of a venereal taint. On this point the doctor says:
“ Get the iron bond of taint broken through, and the normal nutri¬
tive processes rehabilitated, and then the Cod liver oil , still not
only do an infinite amount of good, but effect an absolute cure. Such
then, being admitted, I will go a step farther and candidly say that in
my own opinion, scrofula is essentially the outcome of syphilis. *
* * * I feel sure that the growing weight of proof will be
found to favor this view. Should there be a point in pathology of
greater interest than any other, it is not so much the difference in
structure between gummatous, scrofulous, or amyloid growths, as the
assimilation which often exists between them and their prime factor,
syphilis.’'
RINGWORM AND FATTY FOOD.
Dr. Tilbury Fox, ( Lancet , Jan. 1878) states that many children
affected with ringworm of the scalp have a great aversion to fat in
any shape, and that the “ avoidance of fatty matter in their diet, or
its non-assimilation in the form of milk, meat, etc., has a potent
influence in leading to the development of a condition of nutrition
that is favorable to the occurrence of obstinate ringworm. Hence in
addition to medicine he advises Cod liver oil and as much Tatty matter
in the diet as the child will take.” We would recognize such aversion
as an important symptom, and select our remedy with a view to over¬
come it. Among the remedies which produce “aversion to fat food ”
are: Ang., Ars., Bell., Bry ,, Calc, c., Carb. an., Carb. veg ., Coldly Croc .,
Ci/cla., Bros., Hell., Hep., Meny ., Here., Nat. mur., Petrol ., Puls.,
Rkeum , Rhus , Septa, Sulph. Of these Ars., Bry ., Carb. an., Carbo veq.,
Colch „ Cycla., Dros., Hell ., Puls., Sepia. Sulph., have the symptom,
“ worse after eating fat food.”
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1880 .]
Spasmodic Laryngitis , etc .
es
2’i/E CROUPS COMPARED.
SPASMODIC LARYNGITIS. PSEUDO-CROUP. FALSE CROUP.
[CONTINUED FROM PAGE 44.]
This is the mo9t common form of croup. It sounds alarming but is
really not so. Children in some families, are more liable to this dis¬
ease than others, so that a hereditary tendency would seem to exert
itself in such instances. Exposure to cold, especially in cold, dry
weather, draughts, the inhalation of contaminated air and over¬
straining through excessive crying, also stand in a causative relation.
It is frequently an accompaniment of measles and hooping cough,
ulceration and new formations in the larynx, and is met with more
rarely in small pox, scarlet fever and typhoid. (Steiner).
Narrowness of the rima glottis and an excitable state of the
nervous 'system, both of which are common in early childhood are
predisposing causes. (Smith).
It attacks all ages, most frequently those children in whom the
eruption of the last molars is still in progress, but does not, however,
ipare older ones; while in small children, who still labor under the
effects of cutting the incisor teeth, the spasmodic form of laryngeal
affection, without any catarrh, is the most frequent variety. (Vogel).
Symptoms.— Spasmodic laryngitis begins abruptly. Singularly it
commences nearly always at night, after the first sleep, between ten
and twelve o’clock. The first attack usually occurs suddenly on the
second or third night after the patient has manifested the usual signs
of a cold. The child awakes from sleep with a sense of suffocation,
loud stridor in inspiration, a dull, barking, dry cough, alternating
with a doleful cry, the voice hoarse and toneless, active movements of
the accessory muscles of respiration, inspiratory sinking inwards of
the epigastrium and false ribs, slight cyanosis, great restlessness and
anxiety. Examination of the throat shows the presence of simple
catarrh without any croupous or diphtheritic membrane. The tem¬
perature is either normal or only slightly elevated. With proper
treatment the attack of laryngeal stenosis generally lasts but a few
hours; the stridor gradually diminishes and with it the dyspnoea;
the breathing becomes more quiet; moist rales make their appear¬
ance in the chest; the patient perspires and passes water more abund¬
antly ; and the drowsiness soon passes into a quiet slumber inter¬
rupted from time to time only by a hoarse, barking (or ringing,
croup-like) cough, which alarms the parents anew.
On the following morning the child is usually almost entirely well.
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64
Spasmodic Laryngitis , etc. *
[January 16,
and presents no symptoms except simple catarrh and slight hoarse¬
ness. In many cases the attack is not repeated, but not unfrequently
it returns the next night, without the course of the disease being
thereby rendered more unfavorable.
The so-called attacks of croup are very apt to recur with every
acute catarrh of the upper respiratory passages, and it is not uncom¬
mon to find children who are said by their parents to have had
croup ” half a dozen times. It is hardly necessary to say that in all
such cases the affection was merely catarrhal, since recurrences of
true croup are extremely rare. These attacks are merely an evidence
of unusual vulnerability of the respiratory mucous membrane in
children who are hereditarily affected, and such attacks are to be
regarded as important indications for subsequent medical treatment.
(Ziemssen).
The treatment of spasmodic croup has been so mixed up with that of
membranous croup and laryngitis (simplex) that the literature is very
unsatisfactory. The advice of Bcenninghausen to give Aconite ,
Spongia and Hepar is about as good as any routine treatment.
Croserio says: “ The first medicine to employ when the croup
declares itself, is Aconite; put three globules of the 18th attenuation
in a half-glass of water, and administer a teaspoonful every five
minutes; lengthening the intervals when the violence of the febrile
symptoms abate. Four or five hours after the commencement of the
use of this medicine, the force of this fever is diminished, the face is
not so red ; we may then give Spongia 30 also in half a glass of water,
a teaspoonful every half hour; increasing the intervals between the
doses in proportion as the violence of the cough and suffocation
diminish. Ordinarily, after a few doses of Aconite, the child goes to
sleep, and falls into a profuse perspiration, which we should take good
care not to interrupt; he awakes after an hour or two with a cough
which is much less violent; the violence of the disease is subdued.
When after twenty-four or thirty-six hours of the use of Spongia , the
cough remains hollow, we should give Hepar sulphur ; some physicians
recommend giving Spongia and Hepar alternately every two hours.
Sambucus is indicated when notwithstanding the diminution of the
cough, the suffocation continues. In this disease the greatest care
should be taken to avoid chills ; the child’s linen should not be
changed until the cure is complete, in order to avoid the relapses
which are so liable to occur.” (Homoeopathic Manual of Obstetrics,
p. 149).
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1880. J
Spasmodic Laryngitis y etc .
85
Aconite is the prominent remedy and often the only one needed,
needed as it corresponds to the spasm, the restlessness, the anxiety
and the fever that arises. One or two doses is all that is usually nec¬
essary. The children attacked with this form of croup are the nervo-
sanguine or bilious, i. e., the nervous active, while membranous
croup attacks lymphatic children as a rule. The more nervous the
child the longer the spasm (continues. The .Aconite picture may be
colored as follows: The child is in agony, impatient, throws itself
about, high fever, dry skin, dry and short cough, every expiration
ending with a hoarse, hacking cough. Loud breathing during expira¬
tion . From exposure to dry cold winds. The Aconite cases come on
in the afternoon or in the evening when the system is at its lowest.
Lobelia cases resemble those of Aconite with this difference; there
is more dyspnoea and the spasm affects the oesophageal muscles, imped¬
ing deglutition as well as respiration. Older children will describe a
sensation of a lump in the throat, (ipn.) but the constant ringing
cough, stridulous breathing and great anguish and fear of suffocation
distinguish the case from Ignatia or Aconite .
The Spongia cases occurs usually after the child has been asleep.
It awakes before midnight with suffocation and short, hard barking
cough. Slow, loud wheezing and sawing breathing between the suffo¬
cative fits. The children are nervo-sanguine. \
Bromine is sometimes indicated in spasmodic or suffocative croup.
The voice is hoarse, whistling, croupy; gasping for breath; much
dry, wheezing cough without much expectoration. Fair children.
Kali brom . is also sometimes indicated in spasmodic croup. Child
awakens suddenly from a sound sleep by a sense of suffocation, with
a peculiar ringing, dry, brassy cough and hurried breathing; the child
is agitated, face flushed, eyes suffused and bloodshot. After one or
two hours the child falls asleep and breathes easily and naturally only
to awaken again in a similar cough payoxysm; hypenesthesia of the
laryngeal nerves, followed by loss of sensibility in the larynx; hoarse-
ness extremely painful and disagreeable, hacking cough, with pale¬
ness of the face and compression of the head. Remission during the
daytime.
The Naja cases have clogging up of the larynx with thick mucus and
are not strictly due to spasm. It may be indicated where the spasms
has persisted. Then there will be constant tickling cough, hoarse¬
ness, gasping for breath for several hours ; breathing laborious. The
thick mucus Is raised with difficulty.
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<56
Membraneous Croup , etc.
[January 15,
Sambucus is indicated where spasm of the epiglottis complicates
the spasm of the larynx. During sleep after midnight the child is
attacked with quick wheezing, crowing, breathing, with suffocative
attacks. Frequent waking as if in a fright, with fear of suffocation ;
mouth and eyes being half open. Dry heat during sleep; profuse per¬
spiration only after awaking, dread of being uncovered.
Hepar is indicated after the spasm is relieved, and there is a loose
hoarse cough; worse towards evening, with a little fever, due to the
obstruction of the mucus.
A cold or warm water bandage about the throat often relieves the
spasm as promptly as any remedy. It may be used as auxiliary.
Care should be taken that the child does not get wet and take cold,
and the second state be worse than the first.
This form of croup ought to be relieved in about an hour, but the
fright of the attendants may serve to prolong it. The physician’s
first duty is to quiet the fears of all. If properly managed there is no
sequel®, but if Syrup of Ipecac (Hive syrup) is given, we will be apt to
have a bronchitis, or possibly a pneumonia to manage. Bryonia ,
Hepar , Ars. or Ipecac may then be indicated.
Membranous Croup. Pseudo - Membranous Laryngitis,
Cyanche Trachitis. Pseudo-Membranous Croup. Croup-
/ OUS LARYNGITI8. PSEUDO-MEMBRANOUS ANGINA.
The word croup is of English* Scotch origin, and originally signified
strangulation. This disease is an acute inflammation of the mucous
membrane of the larynx, attended with the exudation of false mem¬
brane, not connected with any special alteration of the blood crasis,
and though it may pass downwards into the trachea, never passes
upwards into the pharynx. (Meigs & Pepper). In diphtheria the
lesion is similar to that of croup, only with this difference, that in
croup the exudation takes place upon the free surface of the mucous
membrane, while in diphtheria it occurs at the same time vrithin the
tissues and thus produces necrosis and loss of substance of the mucous
membrane.
The male sex is more frequently affected than the female and it has
been observed that the Israelites are especially predisposed to it.
Strong, well-fed, hearty children are no more liable to croup than
those who are feeble, delicate or affected with other diseases. Hered¬
itary predisposition plays a certain part in its occurrence. In some
families membranous croup is comparatively frequent, while in others
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1880J
Membraneous Croup , etc.
67
it is unknown. It rarely occurs a second time and all reports of the
disease recurring three, five or ten times are fabulous, and refer only
to pseudo-croup which may attack a child frequently. The season of
the year, the weather and the nature of the soil are etiological factors,
and croup has been found to be most prevalent during cold, moist,
changeable weather, and in many instances the attack seems to be
immediately due to exposure £o sudden changes of temperature, or to
cutting north and northwest winds. Primary or true croup is not a
contagious disease. By secondary or symptomatic croup is meant that
form which occurs in the course of acute infectious or general consti¬
tutional dieases, pyemic processes, and other acute or chronic affec¬
tions. Of the acute exanthemata, measles is the one most frequently
complicated with laryngeal croup. This complication generally
occurs during the stage of desquamation, more rarely at the height
of the eruption. Pseudo-croup, when it occurs in such cases is
usually a prodromal symptom. (Steiner).
Anatomical Lesions,— The false membrane may cover the whole
mucous membrane of the larynx, and extend into the pharynx (?)
trachea and bronchia; or it may be confined to the larynx, either
forming a complete lining to the cavity of that organ, or consisting
merely of patches of various sizes, with intervals of mucous mem¬
brane destitute of exudation. In the larynx, trachea and even the
primitive bronchi it may appear merely as patches of various sizes,
with intervening spaces of vascular mucous membrane, but in the
smaller air passages it usually takes the form of complete tubes lin¬
ing the bronchus. In some cases such tubular casts may be formed
continuously from the larynx down to the minute bronchioles, com¬
pletely lining the air passages. The false membrane is commonly of
a yellowish-white color and from the fifth of a line to a line in thick¬
ness. Its consistence is generally considerable, and it is usually
somewhat elastic; the more white and fibrous varieties possesses a
degree of firmness and toughness that renders it difficult to tear the
membrane, or tease it out with needles. It is an almost invariable
rule, that the membrane lining the upper part of the air passages is
more white and firm than that found in the smaller bronchi; so that
it frequently happens, that on drawing out the firm, white, tubular
membrane lining the larynx, trachea and primary bronchi, it is seen
to terminate in branches which grow progressively softer, more yellow
an d purulent, as they become smaller and smaller. The free surface
ot the pseudo-membrane is usually covered with puriform mucus.
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68
Spasm of Rectum and Throat .
[January 15,
while the attached surface is adherent with various degrees of force
to the mucous membrane beneath. In the larynx and trachea it is
often necessary to employ a good deal of force to separate the exuda¬
tion from the mucous membrane, and innumerable little fibres are
seen passing from one to the other, as though they were processes of
exudation dipping into the minute orifices of the mucous follicles.
The false membranes consist mainly of fibrin blended with mucus
in various proportions. On microscopic examination they present a
more or less close fibrous basis, consisting of interwoven fine fibrils,
with imbedded cells in varying number; these cells presenting
the ordinary appearances of exudation corpuscles, being round,
granular and containing from one to three small nuclei. The mucous
membrane beneath the exudation, presents various shades of red¬
ness, or it is purplish, or ecchymosed and blackish. It is also swollen
and may be slightly softened or friable, and has a dull excoriated
appearance, though actual ulceration very rarely exists.
There is also vascularity, though usually to a less marked degree of
the bronchial mucous membrane at the points where no exudation
exists.
The lungs present some abnormal condition in the great majority
of cases. Bronchitis and pneumonia are frequent complications of
this disease *, and in addition there is often collapse of laiger or
smaller portions of lung-tissue from occlusion of some bronchus by
the pseudo-membrane. In other instances, or frequently in conjunc¬
tion with collapse of portions of the lungs, the violent respiratory
efforts induce either vesicular or even interstitial emphysema, espe¬
cially of the anterior borders of the lungs.
In the secondary croup of measles, the appearances are very si mi-
lar to those observed in primary cases, while in that of scarlet fever
the exudation is less consistent and less uniformly spread over the
diseased part. (Meigs & Pepper).
[to be continued.]
Spasm of Rectum and Throat. —Dr. Chamberlain reports in the
Med. and Surg. Reporter a case of infantile laryngismus produced by
a feather in the intestines. The child, aged five months, had suffered
two or three days from colic and then became hoarse, with signs of
croup. There was constipation. On examining the pouches of the
rectum a plug was removed covered with puriform mucus. So soon as
this plug, measuring over three inches in length, was removed the
symptoms of croup instantly disappeared. On dissolving the plug the
nucleus was found to be a white feather.
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1880.]
Constipation—Oases from J'ractice.
Therapeutical Department.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS.
REPOSTS FROM THE FIELD OF PRACTICE.
Princeton, Ill., Dec. 2».—We are having measles, tonsillitis, and
catdrrhs quite plenty, rheumatism also. The indicated remedy is not
wanting. Please state for encouragement, that I hold the positions of
town physician, and am member of, and secretary of the Town Board
of Health. H. N. Keener.
Greenville, Pa., Jan. 7.—Prevailing diseases are: (1.) Chills and
fever. (2). Bronchitis, and (3.) Pneumonia. Remedies used: (1.)
Sulph. acid , Ipecac , and Nux. (2.) Bell., Merc., Kali nit . (3.) Verat-
rum vif. and P/ios. S. B. Breed.
Waterloo, Ind., Dec. 31.—Prevailing diseases are: Scarlatina
and diphtheritic sore throat, and occasional rheumatic ailments.
Remedies used : Aconite, Bapt ., Bell., Merc. prot. or bijod ., Bry.,Rhus ,
Lachesis. A peculiarity of the diphtheritic trouble is almost invari¬
ably some troublesome sequel. One case enlargement of cervical
glands. Another a malignant erysipelas in the lower extremities.
Another a painful eruption of white blisters all around the margin of
the lips. The indicated remedy has readily controlled these sequelae.
Z. W. SnEPHERD.
CONSTIPATION.—CASES FROM PRACTICE.
Case I. Girl of four years, always constipated; cathartics gave
only temporary relief; a Homoeopathic physician was employed three
months but without benefit. The child’s disposition had become
changed from pleasant and patient, to irritable and passionate. She
was inclined to tonic spasms while using some of the remedies. I
suspected that Nux corn., low, had been steadily prescribed, and that
the tetanic action might be the result of such prescription. When I
was called, the parents were much discouraged. There was great dis¬
tress at stool, very great dread of a passage, crying and inclination to
jump up and run wildly about the room before defecation was com-
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70
Constipation—Cases from Practice. [January li,
pleted. I gave Graph . 30, in the morning, and Nux vom . 1,000 in the
evening. These remedies effected an immediate and permanent cure,
as three years have elapsed since, and there has been no return of the
troublesome symptoms.
Case II. A girl two years of age had symptoms similar to those
just mentioned in Case I, with the addition of haemorrhoids. JSscu-
lus 3x, and Nat. mur. 30, speedily and effectually removed them.
Case III. Boy aged two year?, always slender and delicate, bowels
constipated from birth, sore face, and offensive discharge from the
ear; had Allopathic treatment; took syrup of rhubarb and senna;
was obliged to take large doses, and even then, the remedy aeted
more upon the kidneys than the bowels, staining the urine badly.
Gave Sulph. 200, and Nux vom. 1,000 and failed. Then gave Calabar
bean and Glycerine as recommended by a writer in The Uniteu
States Medical Investigator, but with no benefit.
On closer examination, I found the abdomen distended, appetite
poor, nose inclined to run and weak ankles. These latter symptoms
suggested Calc. c"rb. Gave of this 200 in the morning, #dd Opium 200
in the evening, one dose each per day, with placebo powders between.
A few days ended the trouble. The child rapidly recovered from its
emaciation, and debility, and since then, (a year ago) has been healthy
and strong.
Case IV. Lady aged about forty-five years. Thirteen years ago
she had typhoid fever, and since then there has been severe constipa¬
tion. She would sometimes wait three weeks for a passage of the
bowels. Then she would take a cathartic, and obtain relief. The
case was somewhat peculiar in respect to the sphincter ani. Except
in a constipated state, fecal matter would pass at any time,.and could
not be controlled. Hence she was less miserable while constipated
than while the bowels were relaxed. Though cathartics were some¬
times a necessity, they nevertheless occasioned her great misery, as
she was always, while under their influence, obliged to go to bed,
suffering faintness and general malaise.
For this case, I gave JSulph. and Nux, but failed. Then I gave the
Calabar bean and Glycerine — Calabar bean , mother tincture, one drop
to Glycerine one ounce. Of this mixture the patient took four drops
three times a day. The effect was immediate. There has been no
constipation for many months.
Case V. Male child of seven months; always constipated, no very
marked symptoms, otherwise. Prescribed Plumbum 200 in the raorn-
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1880. |
Constipation—Cases from Practice .
71
ing, and Opium 200 in the evening. Several months have passed
since and there has been no further trouble.
But cases of constipation occasionally present themselves in which
there is scarcely the ghost of a chance of success in effecting a cure.
A person who has had no experience in the use of our remedies comes
for relief, having heard of some one who has been benefited. We
examine the case, possibly in haste, on account of a pressure of
engagements, and we do just what any physician of any school may
occasionally do, namely, give the wrong remedy. So the patient goes
away, takes his powders, expects a rush, is disappointed, and declares
at once that Homoeopathic treatment has no efficacy whatever.
Instead of trying again, he returns to cathartics, and finding tempo¬
rary relief, concludes that he must continue at times to resort to them.
Some of the most difficult*and unmanageable cases of constipation
I have met, are what in common parlance are termed bilious. There
are people who are naturally and habitually bilious. In spite of care¬
ful diet, they will, every few weeks, have a fallow complexion, and
headache, and myalgia, and constipation. I give Bry ., Merc., and
other well known remedies, with occasional benefit; but I am often
doomed to disappointment; and when the bilious patient finds him¬
self suffering from stuffing , 1 am willing for one, to allow him to take
just what he usually, then earnestly craves, something that will clean
him out. After that, his case becomes far more manageable than
when he is allowed to suffer on with a load of effete matter, sufficient,
if retained, to tax the lungs, kidneys and skin, to their utmost, and
thus for a time operate as a real source of danger to the individual.
Cases of atony, in persons well advanced in life, are sometimes very
difficult of cure. Indeed, they now and then, are not amenable to
any remedy within our reach. I use the Cascaxa sagrada , tincture
occasionally with excellent results. Ten or fifteen drops, in water,
taken immediately after dinner, aids digestion and opens the bowels
gently next morning. When used with caution, I do not find the
sequel of other laxatives; on the contrary, the bowels often seem to
be invigorated, and there is an approximation to a healthy condition.
Case VI. Child of three summers; very constipated; was fed freely
on figs and other similar food, in hopes of affording relief. There was
great distress during the passage of a stool. On inquiry, I found the
child had unmistakable worm symptoms. Gave Cina 200; no other
prescription was made. The bowels were at once restored to a nor¬
mal condition, and there was uo more complaint.
Red Bank, N. J. J. K. Cheesman.
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72
Can Tapeworm be Managed f [January 15,
CAN THE TAPEWORM BE MANAGEDf
BY A. M. PIERSONS, M. D., NEW YORK.
All who read Dr. Lippe’s article would have, gladly, I think,
excused him had he not quoted two pages of his own transalation of
the Organon of Samuel Hahnemann. The “epidemic of fault
finding ” has hardly reached me yet; but still I assert my unbelief in
the assertion (unproven of course) made by Hahnemann, viz.: “That
the various species of the tapeworm are only found in cases of psoric
disease, and always disappear when that is cured.” Because I
doubted this assertion of the master, I stirred the bile of Dr. Lippe. I
fail to see that he has proved me wrong in a single statement. He
theorizes beautifully and makes assertions equal to the master. Dr. '
Lippe was led astray by one word which he was pleased to empha¬
size, viz., experiences. The word I used, and as plainly written as any
other was experiments. And now since I was unable in my first paper
to make myself understood I will once more give the reason for my
disbelief, and doubt that I am any less a Homoeopathician for refus¬
ing to swallow every bolus whether prepared by a Lippe or a Hahne¬
mann.
The occasion which prompted my first paper on the tapeworm was
the following very caustic statement of Dr. E. W. Berridge. “ But
such treatment as is sometimes recommended in it, (The Investi¬
gator,) e. g. % Kamala followed by Castor oil for tapeworm, is not lib¬
eral but infidel, for it shows a want of belief in the principles of
Homoeopathy, and we leave the prescriber of this last Allopathic
remedy to read what Hahnemann says about the treatment of tape¬
worm in the introduction of his Organon .” This was thrust at Dr.
A. F. Randall. I justly found fault with this statement of Dr. Ber¬
ridge, first, because nine hundred and ninety-nine in the thousand of
firm believers in the law of similia treat tapeworm in general, just as
Dr. Randall had done, and for doing which he was so severely called
to account. Furthermore, Dr. Berridge did not give us any light, but
referred us to a place where I still find total darkness. (Organon intro¬
duction page 38, foot-note. Fourth American Edition.) Second: The
treatment recommended by Hahnemann, was tincture of male-fern
root; while he had just declared that the treatment should be anti-
psoric. Who has put male-fern among the anti-psoric remedies ? If
Hahnemann meant that the primary treatment miist be anti-psoric
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J
1880.] Can Tapeworm be Managed t 78
then aooording to his own assertion there should be no need of male*
fern root (which is not anti-psoric) for the worm would have already
left the patient. What I said before, and now say, is, that Hahne¬
mann talks of one thing, and does another. He talks of psora, and
says the treatment must be anti-psoric, and straightway gives or
advises tincture of male-fern root, which he nor any one else, even
Dr. Berridge, has thus far placfed in the catalogue of anti-psoric
remedies. He says, “ That often the smallest dose of tincture of
male-fern root speedily effects their (tapeworms) eradication in a
Homoeopathic (?) manner.” A moment ago in this self-same foot
note it was eradicate psora; now it is eradicate the worm. Nothing
seems plainer. If you can not do it one way, do it another is the
argument. What I said before and now again say is that Kuchen-
meister proved that a cysticercus cellulose develops into a taenia when
it Cumes in contact with the stomach of a man or a dog, and whether
or not that man or dog is of a psoric diathesis. Dr. Lippe says these
experiments have not the remotest connection with what Hahne¬
mann says, in his foot-note. If that be so then there is no such thing
as psora and there never was a tapeworm in existence. Hahnemann
says: “The different species of taenia are only found in patients
laboring under a psoric affection; and when the latter is cured they
instantly disappear.” Kuchenmeister proved that tsenia will grow any¬
where, wherever the cysticercus cellulos® are planted.
What I said before and now repeat, is that the burden of proof lies
with the devout followers of Hahnemann. When such a follower —
Dr. Lippe for instance — proves by repeattd experiments that cysticer¬
cus cellulose placed upon food which is eaten by men who are, by all
parties, believed tobe/re« from psora , and the experiments are failures ,
then and not till then will I believe Hahnemann’s assertion in his
celebrated foot-note. Again Dr. Lippe says: u If the consecutive
propositions offered by Hahnemann in these sentences were untena¬
ble now, then it might be practicable to upset his final deductions
that the tapeworm voluntarily and without purgatives quits a healthy
individual.” Which side is benefited by this statement? I shall
claim it for it is just my line of argument. Hahnemann says tape¬
worms are only found in psoric individuals. The case I reported was
not in any sense of the term of that class. Hence, why did he not
voluntarily leave her? How did he happen to grow and thrive on
such anti-psoric soil ? Dr. Lippe exultingly asks, “ Is the child well
now ? ” It would be no more impertinent for me to ask Dr. Lippe if
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74
Can Tapeworm be Managed f [January 15,
he killed his patient with Kali c. I plainly stated in my paper, and
now, six months later reaffirm, that the child is perfectly well. I
stated and now reaffirm that she lost all ner symptoms, trivial as they
were, immediately after the expulsion of the worm. I wish Dr.
Lippe distinctly to understand that in my reports of cases I speak the
truth; and it does not help his side of the argument'to raise the doubt.
Dr. Lippe speaks of my bungling method. I must say the bungling
was chiefly made while I was trying to cure the child of tapeworm by
the anti-psoric method or theory. I distinctly said this was the first
and only case which I had the opportunity of treating Homceopath-
ically. I am indebted to the doctor for one case in return. If I had
dared hope for anything from so high authority I had hoped for a
hundred from his great store-house instead of a paltry one, and that
one an intelligent HomoBopathic physician. Even this one teaches
me nothing. Dr. Lippe forgets to mention the potency which is cer¬
tainly an important item. Then a^ain, he gives us not a single
symptom. He says precedents may mislead. If so, then the same
rule should apply to diphtheria, scarlet fever, hooping cough or
typhoid fever. Is taenia a disease? If so, is the lesion organic?
Dr. Lippe’s patient “ was forty years old and had a large healthy
family.” This would prove him anything but psoric. Dr. Lippe
leaves the tapeworm alone. He prescribes for “ all symptoms of the
individual.” Hence any remedy, psoric or anti-psoric, is liable to be
used. If so what becomes of the assertion of the master that the
remedy must be anti-psoric ? Dr. Lippe gave his patient two doses
of Kali carb ., one in the morning, the other in the evening (symptoms
of patient and potency of drug omitted as they might mislead.) In
the third week the tapeworm came away, and twenty-five years later
had not returned. This, Dr. Lippe calls positive proof, and mine neg¬
ative. He says his “ evidence is a positive confirmation of the correct¬
ness and reliability of the said foot-note.” My patient has had no
return of tapeworm for one and a half years, which is just as good as
fifty; for if not reproduced in two months or so, any subsequent tape¬
worm must come from a new cysticercus cellulose. Hence my case
of rosy health and perfect cure with a small dose of Punka granatum is
just as positive confirmation of the incorrectness and unreliability of
the said foot-note.
Give us proof by not one, but many cases. The burden of proof
lies on the Hahnbmannian side. I need not give another case for
mine is precisely like hundreds of thousands of cases all of which
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1880.]
Can Tapeworm be Managed f
75
prove the same thing. It is one thing to assert, quite another to
prove. When Dr. Lippe asserts, as he does—and really seems to be¬
lieve it—that his patient, a gentleman of forty and always temperate in
matters of diet, after having taken two doses— one in the morning, the
other in the evening, (potency unknown) he complained of having had, *
on the seventh day after he took the remedy, for the first (V) time in his
life, very painful , nocturnal , involuntary seminal emissions , leaving a
very painful erection (italics all my own). I am ready to assert that the
doctor is sufficiently credulous to believe the “ moon a cheese.” That
he had the erection, emissions, etc., I do not pretend to deny. There
are many causes for such things; but to attribute the cause, as did Dr
Lippe, to two doses of Kali carb., of whatever potency seven days after
the remedy was taken is worse than ridiculous.
Again Dr. Lippe asserts that the tape-worm when forcibly driven
out regularly reproduces himself and surely does come back. This
assertion is against all “ positive ” proof to the contrary—against all
the experiences and teachings of which I can find a record, except his
own and Berridge and Hahnemann. I can give him a dozen cases of
“ positive ” evidence to the contrary. There is probably not a practi¬
tioner in the country who cannot give a (yes, many) positive proof of
the incorrectness of this assertion. If there ever was a case of appar¬
ent reproduction it was not a case of tenia-solium; or else the original
head was never expelled, which simply means that the expelling force,
castor oil, was applied too soon. Which, in turn, I believe is very often
the case. In my case there was no expelling force used. After the
punica granatum the bowels moved naturally the feces containing a
dead worm. He has never yet reproduced himself in that child and
never will. Dr. Lippe says his patient had thirty-six specimens which
had been taken away from him, from time to time, by all sorts of
quacks. What does that prove? Simply that not a single specimen
had a head on it. In my cases it has taken just about two months to
develope a worm from the head, if the neck be broken and the body ex¬
pelled, before segments will again appear at the anus. This would
give his patient just about six years to grow the specimens if he had
good luck, and in growing these headless specimens he might have
gone on indefinitely at the thankless task.
Dr. Lippe says to look up precedents to the number of thirty-five, as
did Dr. Piersons, is almost a useless task. When Dr. Lippe read my
paper—if he read it at all—he must have been very thick headed in¬
deed not to have seen the force of the argument. More likely he took
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76
Can Tapeworm be Managed f [Jantjaby 16,
this course to shield Dr. Berridge. The object of the task was, by plac¬
ing the two modes of treatment side by side just as I found them re¬
ported, to show to everybody at a glance that the Homoeopathic pre¬
scriptions contained nothing of which to boast, for not a sinyle one of
.them was reliable, Hence the absurdity of Dr. Berridge’s remarks.
Look our literature over as you will there is hardly a reported case of
tape-worm cured after the manner demanded by Lippe, Berridge and
the foot-note. Why is this? There should be thousands of them.
But now Dr. Lippe steps to the front and says he does not look at pre¬
cedents for they may mislead. Then why be so particular, in the
treatment of scarlet-fever and diphtheria, to give us all the symptoms,
the potency, the drug and its repetition? May they not mislead?—a
fool—yes.
Dr. Lippe succeeded in curing one case and hints at the cure of
many more. Has he ever failed? If so, how many times? The only
other doctor, with whom I am personally acquainted, who tried symp¬
tomatology on the tiipe-worm, lost his patient and the experiment
ended in the hands of a neighboring Allopath.
To the list of Homoeopathic cuivs I wishto add still another (not)
useless precedent, that of a cat cured of tape-worm by Aux ex>m., 4x a
dose every two hours, cured in three days and reported by Dr. French
in this journal for 1678. This beats Dr. Lippe’s time all to pieces; and
is valuable in that he relates potency, repetition, symptoms and time.
Lee no one for a moment suppose I have had a falling out with
Homoeopathy pure, simple and undefiled. Ike single remedy, often
the single dose and always the high potency—this is my creed . All I wish
to be understood, at present at least, and until many reasonable cases
to the contrary are reported, as believing, is that there are cases (tape¬
worm included) where Homoeopathy is as illy applied as if given to re¬
duce a dislocated femur or to remove the hook from the fish’s mouth.
This misapplication of the “ science of therapeutics ” does not, how¬
ever, u ake it a whit the worse for the science.
Finally—save his cheap quotations from the threadbare Pinafore-
Dr. Lippe asserts “ If a method has been found better than Hahne¬
mann’s method, there must be shown superior results,” Precisely l
Hahnemann and his devout followers have made many assertions ,
given as beautiful theories about the cause, existence and final exit of
the tape-worm; but in all these years have given us absolutely no re -
suits. Dr. Lippe out of his u forty year’s practice ” gives us now, when
pushed and aroused by me, one meager case, devoid of symptoms, and
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1880.]
A Successful Physician .
77
neglecting the potency of the drag, (they might mislead.) And yet
he and Dr. Berridge cry Hahnemann, Organon and Therapeutics.
Having been called to task by Dr. Lippe, as was Dr. Randall by Dr.
Berridge, I feel that we have the right to demand, through this journal,
cases of tape-worm patients, relieved of their parasites by potentized
remedies Homoeopathically prescribed, together with the symptoms of
the patients, repetition of the dose, power of the drug and length of
time required, sufficient to prove to all reasonable men the superiority
of this over the usual management. Had these same croakers and
faultfinders spent one quarter the time, which has been spent in tirade
and abuse, because some poor devils have not followed to the letter
the dogmatic assertions of the master, who gives us, so far as I can
learn, no proof that he ever cured a patient of tape-worm, then to-day
there would be infinitely better Homoeopathic talent with which to cope
with disease. “ Results,” gentleman, kk Results,” is the demand of the
hour.
24 E. 127th st.
A SUCCESSFUL PHYSICIAN.
“ I’ve been in twenty-four states and have seen a good many physi¬
cians,” said a well-to-do physician who has made his pile, “ and I
don’t understand why the most of them have such small practices.
Why west of Chicago I do not see a physician whose practice amounted
to over $8,000 a year I” We ventured the explanation that perhaps
there was not much sickness, and that every physician did not know
how to manage a practice. “Oh, 1 don’t think that is the reason for
there is always sickness and many of them are as smart men as I have
met in this country anywhere. But I discovered something that sur¬
prised me. I visited scores of physicians whose whole library I would
have no difficulty in carrying off at once! One leading physician of a
certain town did^not have a bound book, either in his office or house
that I saw, only a few pamphlets and journals. Others that I met did
not seem absorbed in their business. A man can not succeed unless
his profession absorbs him. I believe that there aie certain rules to
observe that will make any physician successful.”
If there are, then do tell us, so that we can give our readers the
benefit of your extensive observation.
“ The first is qualification. He should be better, or at least as well
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A Successful Physician.
78
[January 15,
informed professionally as those physicians of any school with whom
he must compete.
“ Second . He must have a taste for the practice of medicine, as I
have said, ‘it must absorb him.’ My father said, ‘Now if you do
not like medicine after you have tried it a year, quit.’ But I have a
perfect passion for the practice of my profession—I love it. . ^
“ Third. Everything about him should fairly represent him, viz.
office, library, dress, horses, etc. If he puts on airs, that is quackish.
Many a physician is misrepresented by poor surroundings, c. p., a
dirty office, a small, shabby library, careless habits, dilapidated turn¬
out, etc.
Ki Fou> th. He must be honest and upright in his dealings with all. In
other words be a man that will command respect. I always treat the
sick as I would be treated—following the golden rule.”
How about the deadbeats and the poor, those that can’t pay and
those that won’t ?
“ The poor, if I prescribe for them at all, I treat just as I would any
one. The Lord’s poor we always expect to treat. The devil’s poor
or poor devils in this city I should send to the public institutions, dis¬
pensaries, etc.
“ The fifth is energy, or the good old Saxon word ‘ force.’ I like that
word. Did you ever think how comprehensive it is. Health is neces¬
sary of course—a sick man cannot practice medicine with any success.
f “A man’s practice should absorb all his time. If he has a leisure
hour or evening he should spend it reading, keeping himself posted,
reading up on his cases, etc.
“These are the rules or principles I have followed, and I have always
had plenty of busines, yes many times more than I could do. I made
money (and invested it), and that on fifty cents a mile one way, and a
$1.00 a visit in our little town, and $10.00 for obstetrical attendance —
of course that did not include subsequent visits. I used to have
patients come from dfetant towns to be treated by me. My revenue
from that source alone was often $500 to $2,000 a year.”
It is perhaps needless to add that he is an energetic, pushing, honest,
earnest, well-informed physician. He is spending some time in the
medical institutions, and proposes every five years to visit the institu¬
tions in Europe. He kept his accounts in a business-like way. Here
is a copy of his “ bill ” which has a straight forward, earnest, finan¬
cial grip about it that patients appreciate. We will keep it in type a
short time for the benefit of those who would like some copies for
themselves. Nothing like a good bill properly presented.
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1880 .]
A Successful Physician ■
79
THE USUAL FEES CHARGED AT PRE8ENT ARE AS FOLLOW8I
Visit, City, ----- fi.no and country business after dark not
Visit and prescription, - - L25 less than 5U per cent, extra.
Visit and prescription to country Prescriptions unusually expensive,
the same, with mileage one iway. either in time or medicines, and surgi-
permile, ----- .50 cal and obstetrical attendance, are
Office prescriptions, - - - .75 charged extra.
City business between 10 p. m. and 6 A. m., I ** A11 accounts must be settled quar-
terl •.
80
On the Iheraveutioe of Pertussis . [Januaky 16,
“ I settle with my patients quarterly. If they have not the money. I
instruct my collector to have them sign the acknowledgement on the
bill, which at once transforms it into a negotiable note.
“ For country practice, the above seems to work to the satisfaction
of all concerned.”
We commend the observation given in this article to the careful
attention of the younger members of the profession.
ON THE THERAPEUTICS OF PERTUSSIS.
After a consideration of the dangerous complications of hooping-
oough, its often epidemic course and the tardy action of the usual
remedies recommended, the doctor was brought to examine Bolle’s
treatment. Acting upon the idea that in epidemics Of hooping-cough
the disease factor might be of a parasitic nature, Bolle had chosen a
parasiticide remedy, the Mercurius sublimatus , which he applied to the
numerous ulcers that occurred upon the glossal ligaments during the
course of the pertussis.
The discovery of the hooping cough fungus in the secretions of the
mouth, nose, larynx and trachea, and in the mucous discharge in cases
of the disease, brought later a fundamental basis for Bolle'a theory.
Considering these things, I chose for the treatment of the paroxysms
of hooping cough this year a complex proceeding. I gave to children
the Sublimate , from the third to the first trituration (always the last
for the older patients); and in alternation therewith, the proper
Homoeopathic remedy which most generally corresponded with the
usual symptoms of the disease; later, Lactuca mrosa was generally
prescribed in the first dilution.
As examples, I will relate the course pursued with the children of a
family, who, after they had passed safely through the measles the
latter part of last year, were, at the beginning of the new year,
attacked by hooping cough.
My experience with the different degrees of the disease, united in
one family, shows the difficulties of the treatment.
There were three girls, blondes, the eldest eleven years, the elder
seven years, and the youngest two years of age. The eldest girl was
slender, and suffered the most; the attacks came very frequently day
and night, and she vomited much mucus, but rarely any food. There
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1880..]
Haemoptysis Foretold.
81
bad developed a tolerably severe bronchial, gastric and intestinal
catarrh. There was also catarrh of the nasal and con j uncti val m ucous
membranes, and she had large defecations during.the night. Such
was her condition at the end of three weeks, when I was called to
attend her, as her physician, an Allopath, had taken no measures for
her relief.
In the two other sisters the mucous membranes were not so mor¬
bidly affected; the kidneys bore the brunt of the disease, as was
easily recognized by the diminished urinary excretion. The parox¬
ysms, however, occurred frequently night and day, and there was
vomiting of mucus and food. I prescribed two drachms of the third
trituration of the Sublimate and two drachms of the Lactuca virosa
first, of which the elder girls received more, and th youngest less, to
be given in alternation every two hours, but at night only after each
paroxysm.r^The result was decidedly favorable. In the eldest girl
the catarrh trouble'abated very soon, the appetite^increased, and the
night paroxysms, after two days, became muchjless frequent — owi6n
faustum. Vomiting still continued, but less severe. In the two other
girls the urinary secretion became regular, and the night paroxysms
soon declined in frequency, so that the mother could once more sleep
properly.
After two weeks the cough had lost its spasmodic character entirely,
the vomiting ceased, and soon after the catarrhal symptoms disap¬
peared. I have observed favorable results from the mixed treatment
in the second stage of several other cases of hooping cough. In the
first catarrhal stage, when there is not yet an evidence of a specific
cause, I adhere to the usual Homoeopathic medicines. In this Pulsa¬
tilla and Mircurius even, are often indicated. Whether the great
ulcer killers, Salicylic and Carbolic acids, have rendered any service in
hooping cough —tried as they have been —is to me unknown.— Uir-
schel's Zietschrift.
Haemoptysis Foretold.—M. Constantine Paul observed at the So-
ciete de Therapeutique. that a sure prognostic sign of haemoptysis is
found in the recurrent pulse. Jf, while the finger compresses the ar¬
tery, at the wrist, a pulse is felt in the hand, we may feel certain that the
jKitient will spit blood. ])uring the last ten >ears that he has paid
attention to the point, he has cometoregaid this sign ascertain —
Homoeopathic World.
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82
Weather Proving and Disease Tendency. [January 15,
WEATHER PROVING AND DISEASE TENDENCY.
BY BUSHKOD W. JAMES, A. M., M. D., PHILADELPHIA.
Meteorological summary for December, 1879, by 0. A. Smith, Ser¬
geant signal corps, U. S. A. Highest barometer 30.651 (13th.) Lowest
barometer 29.611 (6th.) Average barometer 30.184. Monthly range of
barometer 1.040 in. Highest temperature 61 (4th & 8th.) Lowest tem¬
perature 11 (27th). Average temperature 38.8. Monthly range of tem¬
perature 50. Greatest daily range of temperature 28(22d.) Least daily
range of temperature 6 (9th.) Mean of maximum temperature 46.2.
Mean of minimum temperature 31.3. Mean daily range of temperature
14.9. Mean relative humidity 76. Total rainfall 4.69 in. Prevailing
direction of wind S. W. Maximum velocity of winds 32 (N. W. 11th.)
Total movement of wind 7.964 miles. Number of foggy days none.
Number of clear days, 4. Number of fair days. 12. Number of cloudy
days on which rain or snow fell, 11. Number of cloudy days on
which no rain or snow fell, 4. Total number of days on which rain or
snow fell, 13. Frost or freezing weather occurred on 18 days. About
2$ inches of snow fell during the month. Faint thunder heard on the
11th.
COMPARATIVE TEMPERATURE.
December, 1874,
35.7 inches.
“ 1875,
34.7
u 1876,
25.5
tt
Average for
“ 1877,
40.6
ii
six years.
“ 1878,
34.5
" 1879,
38.8
COMPARATIVE PRECIPITATION.
December,
1874,
2.48
tt
1875,
3.37
tt
u
1876,
1.40
Average for
It
1877,
0.83
tt
six years.
tt
1878,
3.19
tt
tt
1879,
4.69
tt
COMPARATIVE
RELATIVE
HUMIDITY.
December,
1874
67 u
tt
1875
76 “
tt
1876
73 “
Average for)
tt
1877
73 “
six years. J
tt
1878
70 “
tt
1879
76 “
Digitized by t^ooQie
1880 .] Weather Proving and Disease lendency. 83
ANNUAL SUMMARY.
Date. Barm. Temp. B. Fall. B. Days.
1874 . 30.089 52.6 46.31 136
1875 . 30.059 50.3 40.12 154
1876 . 30.037 52.6 47.38 131
1877 . 30.048 54.2 37.26 113
1878 . 29.987 54.7 34.53 118
1879 . 30.773 53.1 36.75 128
Means. 30.948 53.0 40.39 130
DISEASE TENDENCY.
The temperature for December has been considered higher than the
average, and the average and humidity have been comparatively
greater than for several years. The result of these conditions has
been an unusual amonnt of croup, acute laryngitis, bronchial catarrh,
pneumonia and rheumatism throughout the entire month, while very
unfavorable depressing effects have been produced in the feeble and
aged causing quite a mortality under the captions of debility and old
age.
The increased number of cases of diseases of the heart has doubt¬
less been due to the prevalent depressing atmospheric influences.
In addition to the general prevalent type of tendencies we have the
more nominal ones to note as follows : At the beginning of the month
facial and dental neuralgia, coughs and hoarse colds, pharyngeal
sore throat and conjunctivitis.
Beginning about the 4th, diarrhcea, entertilgia and gastralgia also
angina pectoris and an increase of heart cases, and old heart cases
suffered more. Wakefulness at night was marked, and so were gen¬
eral debility, croup and catarrhal and diphtheritic lendency.
About the tenth we And tendencies to congestion of the lungs,
paralysis, low fevers, diphtheria, sore throat, epistaxis and cerebral
diseases; two or three days later we had an increase of diarrhoea with
some cholera morbus, a gastric form of fever, and pleurisy. These ten¬
dencies lasted for nearly a week, then we had an increase of hepatic as
well as gastric derangements attended with neuralgic pains and bil¬
ious vomitings; spinal congestions were more abundant with great
restlessness and wakefulness at nights. Then succeeded fresh colds
with coryza and catarrh, and a spasmodic form of bronchial cough.
Hsemorrhages were particularly noticeable and likewise hives. About
the 19th and 20th we had a greater tendency to lung trouble, conjunc¬
tivitis and spinal meningitis.
During a light snow and sleet storm on the 21st and 22d a rapid in-
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84
Tracheotomy in Croup.
[January 1.5,
crease of sickness was noticed, invalids were worse, and the mortality
rates for old people were increased. Languor, drowsiness, asthma,
depression of spirits, croup, pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia,
haemorrhages and headaches were the supervening tendencies and as
might be expected paralysis was a frequent result.
Very little change in the tendency, except an increase of neuralgic
pains occurred during the remainder of the month, except the dyspep¬
sia, the gastric, enteric and hepatic derangements induced by the ex¬
cessive indulgence of the appetite for confections and improper food
incident to the Christmas holiday season.
There was some scarlet fever prevailing throughout the month, and
at Germantown, a suburb of the city, of Rubeola, was uncommonly
prevalent.
Bryonia , Rhus tox.< and Belladonna have been three of the most
prominent remedies used during the month
Surgical Department.
TRACHEOTOMY IN CROUP.
»
BY J. G. GILCHRIST, M. D., DETROIT, MICH.
“ Tracheotomy for croup, or similar morbid action, is a somewhat
different operation in detail from that performed for other purposes
as the extraction of foreign bodies and the like.
“The first question to be decided, and one of some difficulty, is
whether there be toxaemia to a degree sufficient to prejudice the suc¬
cess of an operation, as well as whether the morbid action has invaded
the trachea or bronchia. Under either circumstances tracheotomy
should not be attempted; it may hasten a fatal termination. As
Erichsen says, speaking of operations in general, k in giving a patient
a last chance’ for his life ‘ we often take from him all that he had.’
The circumstances demanding it, and the promise of success good,
proceed as follows: Provide an ordinary scalpel, medium size, a
tenaculum, a director, artery forceps, ligatures, plenty of sponges,
hot water, and two hairpins bent into a double hook. It will be
necessary, also, to have a piece of tine gauze or cambric, soft and
unsized or starched. Usually the child will be more or less uncon-
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1880.]
Tracheotomy in Croup.
86
scious, at all events the sensibilities will be dulled; profound anaes¬
thesia will not be called for,'and if possible it had better be dispensed
with altogether. Pin a strong towel around the child, confining the
arms securely to the side, and have it held in the lap of an assistant,
the head will naturally be thrown back, fully exposing the neck. The
line of the incision in the integument had better be marked out before
beginning, and as ink or pencil marks are readily washed out or oblit¬
erated by the blood, lunar caustic had better be used. The line should
extend from the lower border of the thyroid cartilage, downward for
three inches or more, pinch up a fold of the integument, between the
finger and thumb of the left hand, and enter the curved bistoury on
the line for the incision as low down as possible. Push it upwards until
the point emerges, likewise in the line previously marked, as high up as
possible. Rapidly incise the fold thus transfixed. Inserting .the
director in the wound enlarge the incision upwards as far as is desired
to go, then carefully sponge the wound, and proceed no farther until
all haemorrhage ceases. When the bleeding has stopped, with the
handle of the scalpel, gently separate the muscles, break through the
areolar tissue met with in this region, and push the veins to one side
or out of the way. If the isthmus of the thymic, gland is in the way,
it may be divided, but it is better to avoid this if possible. The
larynx is now reached and will be found to be in violent motion*
‘pumping’ up and down. If any arterial twigs spring, secure them
by torsion, likewise the veins, if any are wounded and bleeding does
not soon cease, the trachea being laid bare, suspend all further pro¬
cedures until the haemorrhage has completely ceased, and the wound
is dry. The next step, is to open the trachea. This demands cool¬
ness, firmness and promptitude. Directing an assistant to hold the
lips of the wound asunder by means of the handles of two teaspoons
take the tenaculum in the left hand, and the scalpel in the light!
Hold the scalpel by the blade, the edge directed upward, and not
more than a quarter of an inch from the point exposed. Watching
for an opportunity when the larynx rtses, with a single firm and rapid
motion, hook the tenaculum in the intercartilaginous substance, and.
immediately insert the point of the scalpel into a similar space two or
three rings below that transfixed by the hook. Rapidly cut upwards
(never in the opposite direction) dividing two or three rings, throwing
the knife away, keeping the tenaculum still in position, insert the
bent hairpins, hooking them by the bent extremity one in each side
of the wound, the assistant applying that on the left side. Withdraw
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86
Tracheotomy in Croup .
[January 15 ,
the tenaculum quickly to avoid lacerating the parts—the handle of
the teaspoon to be likewise withdrawn — and secure the hairpin hooks
by tapes passing around the back of the neck. The breathing will
instantly improve, and the expression of the little patient will be cor¬
respondingly better. Now wet the cambric in warm water and apply
it over the opening. This must be kept moist as it supplies extra
moisture to the inspired air, and prevents the admission of irritating
floating substances.
“ The wound should be kept open until it is evident that there is
no extention into the larynx, and the morbid action is abating in
violence. As soon as this is evident, the hooks should be withdrawn,
and the wound closed by a circular bandage of the neck. When the
wound in the trachea has closed, that in the integument may be
drawn together by adhesive strips. It has occasionally happened that
a too early closing the integumentary wound has favored the forma¬
tion of an aerial fistula by imperfect closure of the tracheal wound,
for this reason leave the wound in the skin alone, until that in the
trachea has closed. The opening in the trachea will rarely require to
be kept open longer than twenty-four, or at most forty-eight hours.
No tubes should be used, they are often productive of mischief.
“ If the operation is not a purely improvised one, in place of the
hairpin hooks, two flat nickel-plated hooks may be made with an eye
to one end for the attachment of the retaining tapes.
“ The subsequent treatment will depend upon circumstances.
Ordinarily Aconite will be all that is required. Rumex has been found
useful when the entrance of air into the trachea caused spasmodic
coughing. When torsion has been applied to bleeding vessels, and
no ligatures left in the wound, there will be no difficulty in closing
the wound. Under other circumstances Calendula will be needed to
hasten repair.
“ The accidents that may occur are few and unimportant, in com¬
petent or careful hands. Haemorrhage takes the first rank, but need
seldom occur if the isthmus of the gland is not divided, and the tissues
are separated entirely with the fingers or handle of the scalpel.
Nearly all the veins, nerves, and other important structures are easily
held out of the way, and the occasion must be rather infrequent for
their division. Entrance of blood into the larynx should never
occur; the tracheal rings should not be opened until all haemorrhage
has ceased. The trachea, however, will speedily relieve itself of
coagula or such intruders, and no alarm need be felt.
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1880.]
Corneal Ulceration.
87
“ The operation per se is not a difficult one, sufficient anatomical
knowledge will render it easy. It is only in the case of those deficient
in anatomical knowledge, or who have not the requisite quickness
and firmness in manipulation, that there are any special difficulties.
The results, however, are not sufficiently flattering to recommend
its frequent performance. The aimost universal fatality attending
upon such cases, is no doubt greatly due to the toxaemia and not
strictly to the operation. Still lives have been saved, and as long as
the lungs are not seriously affected, the swollen bronchia invaded by
the exudation, or the blood loaded with carbonic acid gas, it is justifi¬
able, supposing all possible means for relief have been instituted,
and death seems imminent. Unquestionably many cases of failures
are due to delay, but remedies given upon Homoeopathic indications
are so generally curative, that conviction of failure ordinarily comes
too late for any hope of benefit from tracheotomy. The mortality
may be put as high, I think, as 80 per cent.”— From Part V. Diseases
of Infants and Children.
CORNEAL ULCERATION.
BY C. H. VILAS, A. M., M. D., PROFESSOR OF DI8EASBS OF THE EYE
AND EAR, HAHNEMANN MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL,
CHICAGO.
We select from our clinical record the following case sent by Dr.
E. S. Bailey, who has obligingly furnished the ensuing history :
C. D., aged thirty, brakeman on the steam railway. American.
Married. May 23,1879, he came to me, having suffered for ten days
with a gradually increasing pain in the right eye. He continued his
work until this morning. When he came to me his eye presented the
following appearances: Palpebral and orbital portions of the con¬
junctiva very much congested; epithelial layer of the cornea hazy
in portions; sclerotic zone of vessels round the cornea injected.
Has suffered two days with intense supra-orbital pain at night, and
marked photophobia. What threatened to be sthenic ulceration was
readily foreseen.
Gave Aconite 3x each half hour during the day, with a compress
applied at night, saturated with a solution of Calendula tincture. Atro¬
pine. , two grains solution, one drop in the eye several times a day.
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88
Corneal Ulceration.
[January 15,
Second day two opaque patches, one on the corneo-scleral junction,
and the other on the cornea, had made their appearance. Continued
same treatment with use of warm water to wash out the secretions.
Third day very rapid degeneration nf corneal tissue with large dis¬
charge of purulent matter. Gave Jielladonna.
This deeply injected condition of the blood-vessels continued and
together with rapid ulceration was the source of much alarm for the
following week. Pain, meantime, had materially lessened. Margins
of the ulcer were clean cut and ulceration constantly deepening.
Patient consented to go before the class of students at the Hahnemann
hospital.
The peculiarity of the margin of the corneal ulceration together
with the history of the case for twelve days lead me to the diagnosis of
CRESCENTIC ULCERATION OF THE CORNEA.
We ordered hot fomentations to be applied and Aconite 3x to be
given again for two days.
The hot fomentations were faithfully applied for five days,
at the end of which time the progress of the ulceration and the
destruction were entirely arrested. Then toilicea 6x and 200x were
given in alternation every two hours. The healing of the cornea from
below upward was rapid. In twenty-eight days from the onset of the
attack the patient resumed u his run ” on the passenger train.
On July 22d the patient came to the clinic. The large ulcer had
entirely healed, the small one on the centre of the cornea had dis¬
appeared. During treatment his general health improved greatly,
and he said that he had not been so well for months. The vision of
the recently diseased eye was perfect.
This case was an interesting one, in that it was a well marked case
of the dangerous crescentic ulcer. One horn of the crescent lay in
the inferior-temporal quadrant of the cornea, the other reaching to
the superior-nasal quadrant, the body of the ulcer lying in crescen¬
tic form between. The cure was prompt and marked, was accom¬
plished without perforation of the cornea, or any operation being
necessary.
Vaccination.— An idea of the relative efficacy of fresh lymph and
preserved lymph can be formed by the report of the army medical depart¬
ment. Of 10.358 soldiers vacciimatea wilh fresh lymph. 4,717 had a
perfect vaccine vesicle, 4,400 a modified one. Preserved lymph was
used on 17,269, with perfect success in 5,346 cases, and partial success
6,432. Thus it will be seen that witli the fresh lymph the failures were
119.8 per 1,000, while with the preserved lymph the ratio was 318.0.
Digitized by ^ooQie
1880. J Urinal Dilatation of the Urethra. 89
CONVENIENT METHOD OF USING CHLOROFORM.
I send you an item lor the readers of The United States Medi¬
cal Investigator. I think the method worthy of trial because it
diminishes the danger of the use of Chloroform , and certainly lessens
the unhappy after-effects of large doses, to say nothing of its econ¬
omy.
Having on one occasion a necessity to administer Chloroform in a
surgical operation, and by accident there b ing only about half an
ounce of the fluid at my command, I was obliged to devise means to
economize it. Dropping on a handkerchief placed in single fold over
the mouth and nostrils was inconvenient to the operator, and painful
to the patient wherever it touched the skin. Seeing a child’s rubber
band comb lying on the table, I made a frame of ii by tying the ends
together and stretching a corner of a linen handkerchief over it, I
sewed it by a cord making a smooth diaphragm, of such shape that it
rested securely on the nose, covering both nose and mouth, the teeth
of the comb allowing proper access of air through their interstices.
By carefully dropping the fluid on this diaphragm, five to eight drops
at a time, I succeeded in benumbing sensibility for nearly half an
bour with less than one-half an ounce. Since that I always use the
band comb diaphragm, and in minor operations And one or two draws
quite sufficient for the purpose.
Toronto. D. S. Oliphant.
URINAL DILATATION OF THE URETHRA.
Toward the end of the last century (says, the Sym. Med. Record ,)
Boenninghausen recommended this method of dilatation which he
claimed to be more easy and simple than that of bougies. To practice
it the patient must simply compress lightly the urethra behind the
glands with his finger whenever he wishes to urinate. The pressure
must be such that the urine cun only escape slowly, and after having
remained some time in the canal; as a necessary result the canal will
be more or less dilated through its entire length, in the constricted as
well as in the healthy portion. If this be repeated every time the
urine is voided, the same effects will gradually be produced as if the
bougies had been used, while at the same time the inconvenience
of the one avoided. M. Berenger Ferand has employed this method
in his practice, and the following are his conclusions regarding it:
Digitized by ^ooQie
90
Consultation Department.
[January 15,
1. Dilatation of the urethra by the urine, repeated at each urination
for a long time after a prolonged attack of gonorrhoea seems to pre¬
vent the formation of strictures.
2. In cases of moderate stricture it seems to have restored the nor¬
mal calibre of the canal, or at least to have restored it sufficiently to
render micturition easy.
3. After the operation of urethrotomy it will perhaps prove useful to
prevent, or at least to retard notably, the return of the constriction.
4. In cases of varicose dilatations at the neck of the bladder, or in
the membraneous portion of the urethra, it appears calculated to be
serviceable.
5. It seems to prove useful also in the case of partial or total hyper¬
trophy of the prostate in old men.
Consultation Department.
A CASE FOR COUNSEL.
• The patient is a child twenty months old, there is present in this
case total paralysis of the lower extremities, the flesh on the same is
flabby although the child has improved in flesh and general condition
under my treatment. I have given Ge/s., lgn. % and Nux ., three times a
day in the order named. S. B. T.
A SPHINCTER NOT A STRICTURE.
Permit me to say to Gr. J. W. that when he has the calibre to dis¬
tinguish between a sphincter and a stricture when it is described as
plain as I described it in my article of The Investigator of the 15th
ot October, it will be time enough then for me to answer his simple
question. J. K. Eberle.
FOR R. WILSON CARR’S CASE.
Kidder No. 4 battery current B. D., apply positive to the sacrum,
roll the parts in a wet cloth and apply negative to them for five
minutes three times a week; remove your positive to the base of the
cerebellum, and move your negative up and down the dorsal vertebrae
at the same sitting. Operate fifteen minutes. R. W. Nelson.
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1880.]
Consultation Department
91
PRURITUS VULVJE.
Will some of your kind and intelligent readers tell me what to do
for a case of pruritis vulvae of two years standing. It is evidently
neurotic, as there is no eruption nor redness until chafed, generally
worst on left side; worse from warmth either by exercise or in a
warm room, is not relieved by chafing, but she cannot forbear rubbing
because she has to do something. Sensation, crawling like very small
fine worms with intolerable itching. Nervous temperament, quite
fleshy, aged thirty-eight, general health good. H. Crater.
DR. CARR’S CASE.
Page 46, January 1st, Investigator. I would suggest that you
try Agnus c astus. Jahr says, “An absence of sexual desire with
flaccidity of genital organs, drawing along the spermatic cord, etc.”
Hempel says: “To prevent getting children a man took for three
months, morning and evening, twelve grains of the Agnus castus % by
which the sexual parts were weakened to such an extent, that not
only did the erections become deficient, but he lost his semen as he
intended, and never begat children.” Hence we recommend Agnus
castus for impotence with the absence of erections, etc. H. M. B.
cure for worms. (Vide “ Clinical Assistant.— Ascarides.) case
for counsel.
W. O. Perry, case for counsel. Tincture Senecio gracilis , two drops
in a tablespoonful of water before breakfast, dinner and supper, will
entirely cure your throat and haemorrhage. For the weak knees, Kid¬
der No. 4 battery, current A. D., place your feet in metal bathtub,
with a thin board under your feet, warm water enough to cover instep.
Apply the positive to the loins, negative in the water, increase the
power until you feel the current. Operate fifteen minutes every
night for a week, then stop; dry well with hard friction from hip to
feet. R. W. Nelson.
FEET HIGHER THAN THEIR HEADS.
On page 451 of your journal Dr. B. H. Cheney attempts to ridicule a
symptom to which attention was called by another physician, viz; “de¬
sire of pregnant women to have their feet higher than their heads”
and says that the symptom is not to be found in the first five volumns
of Allen.
Digitized by ^ooQie
92 Consultation Department. [January 15,
Look at Yol. Y. Ignatia; symptoms 73,91,124,131,415, 590, 608, and
768, (799).
We cannot have symptoms made to order but all the above show
that pains were relieved while lying on the back and seventy-three re¬
lief Trom having the head lower than the body. Many valuable symp¬
toms, as originally found in the materia medica, come no nearer to
what are recognized as “characteristics” than the symptoms referred
to, come to the condition given. Further—in Jahr’s Manual under
“Female Sexual Organs” the following is marked as cured: “Uterine
spasms with crampy pressing relieved by pressure, and in a recumbent
position .” (Italics mine).
But to cap all, in the Cincinnati Medical Advance* Dr. McNeil re¬
ports a case cured by Ignat. 30, where in a threatened abortion the
very condition at which the doctor laugl:s, was present. C. B. G.
HOW WILL “DIET RULES” INCREASE BUSINESS?
“Anything to increase my practice next year, But how will they
accomplish it ? By making the children sick that follow the rules. I
should think so from the advertisement, but n'importe.” R. W. N.
[Is it the careless people or careful ones that keep us busy ? The
careless parents lose their children, while the careful ones save theirs
for us to watch. Read “Diet Rules” carefully and you will see that “con¬
sult a physician” comes in about as often as it is possible without be¬
ing a direct advertisement. When they come to follow the “Rules” up
with the little book “How to Feed Children to prevent Sickness” you
will find plenty to do. Of course the physician is supposed to know
far more than the book about the food for individual cases, and here
will come the business. Mother after mother will want to know if
she is “ feeding baby right.” Get charge of “baby” and the family
and friends must follow sooner or later. This ir a flank movement
that will help win all the children—and future ^generations—to Hom¬
oeopathy. We hope none will overlook the importance of this food
question and its results. The fifty pages on “Foods” -in Vol I. Dis¬
eases of Infants and Children was prepared with great care, anticipat¬
ing just such a “run” on our “ food knowledge.” A word to all. Mas¬
ter the food question, scatter “ Diet Rules,” then send us ten percent of
the extra proceeds for 1880 and we will take a vacation, go “round the
world,” to study children feeding in all countries, and come back to
give it all away to increase your business “ boom.” Will you do it ?
—Ed.]
Digitized by t^ooQie
1880.]
Consultation Department,
93
TO AID HEARING.
“Is there anything better than the common ear trumpet for those
who hear with difficulty. I mean to attach to the ear?” C.
There are auricles that are worn in front of the ear. They are a
miniature trumpet and are so arranged that they can scarcely be
detected. The neatest device of the kind that has come to our notice is
well shown by the accompanying illustration:
The Apparitor Auris is a powerful aid
to the deaf in hearing, and has met with
marked success in England and the Conti¬
nent. Messrs. Geo. Tiemann & Co.,
have introduced it here at a price much
below that attained in England, and of
finer material and better workmanship.
They are made of sterling silver with
flesh-colored enamel. They are sold in
pairs, one for each ear, and so shaped that
they can be worn entirely within the con¬
cha, being almost unobservable on account
of their close fit and flesh color. The advantage of this instrument
over the well known cornet consists in having the canal elongated and
overbridged, so that sound entering the aperture (A) cannot diffuse,
but is conducted within the tunnel through the meatus auditorious
(B) to the tympanum. The price is $6.00 a pair in a neat case.
ANSWER TO W. H. N.
Investigator, Vol. X. page 451. As your patient has been a man of
intemperate habits, he may have dilatation, with or without valvular
disease of the heart; but it is more probable that that organ is impeded
in its movements by the pressure of excessive adipose. Since, how¬
ever, the smothering and palpitation only come on at night while
lying down it is probably that the fatty deposit would have given him
little or no trouble as yet, were it not for the use of tobacco. It is my
impression that in this case, hygiene can do more than medicine. In
the first place, let him cease smoking, and he will be apt to find great
relief. Then, in order to diminish the amount of fat, prescribe a
large amount of active, but never violent, exercise, and a moderate
diet, consisting in the main of fruits, vegetables (except potatoes),
lean meats, and a small amount of bread; but, above all, restrict the
amount of fluid taken into the stomach to the smallest quantity. He
Digitized by ^ooQie
94
Consultation Department
[January 15,
can hardly take too little. At the same time you cau give Sac. Jac., if
you wish. If no relief is obtained in a short time try Spongia (not too
low). To me at least a further account of the case would be interest¬
ing, with report of a thorough examination of the heart, and stating
condition of normal sounds, and, if any murmers exist, their time
with reference to first and second sounds, and exact location of their
greatest intensity. W. P. Armstrong.
LaFayette, Indiana.
NOTES ON REPORTED CASES.
The case of Dr. W. P. Armstrong (December 15th number), sug¬
gests some reflections.
1. No valvular first sound of the heart was heard; hence, no mitral
regurgitation was demonstrated.
2. This impossibility of hearing the valves is equivalent to “ muf¬
fled first sound.”
3. Heart-clot or pericardial dropsy is to be inferred.
4. Pericardial dropsy agrees with general dropsy.
5. Acute rheumatism was long previous—was slight—had caused
no sequelae—was probably, therefore, harmless to the heart, so long
after.
6. No inquiry into other causes of dropsy seerns to have been made
—no chemical or microscopical examination of the uriue, etc. Hence,
no differentiation from Bright’s disease was possible. Urine scanty
and dark.
7 The duration (previously) of illness, places the origin of it in the
spring, the catarrhal season.
8. He probably died of unrecognized catarrhal nephritis—subacute
Bright’s disease, involving the serous membranes, etc., atonic inflam¬
mation— hydropericardium, cedema of the lungs and anasarca result¬
ing.
O. S. H. Compare Bell then Lyc.
Dr. W. H. Hanfords’s Case.
The following remedies agree with the “ suffocation;” Spong, Digit,
Lachesis, Ijxctuca , Apis, Sambucus.
Spong , if on the moment of failing asleep.
Digit, awakes when gasping.
Lachesis awakes, struggling to free himself of everything which binds
the air passages; pushes himself up, out of bed covers.
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1880.]
Book Department.
06
Lactuca, —wakes suddenly and must bounce out of bed upon his feet.
Apis.— Thinks he shall not succeed in getting another breath.
bambucus.— Boused about 2 or 3, a. M.,with senses of stoppage of
air-tubes, as by phlegm. J. C. M.
Book Department.
Surgical Therapeutics. By J. G. Gilchrist, M. D. Chicago:
Duncan Bros. Third edition. Royal octavo. 600 pp. Price, $4.00.
In looking over this volume one is struck with the great progress
made in the treatment of surgical diseases since the first edition of the
work appeared ten years ago. The author has carefully gleaned the
experience of the profession, adding his own, and brought this edi¬
tion up to date at all points. We believe we cannot give a better idea
of the very practical character of this work than by quoting the
“ authorities and references : v
Adams, H. F. Berberis in Anal Fistula, 466.
Allen & Norton. Treatment of Exophthalinus, 376.
Andrall. Classification of Varix, 210.
Allingham (Eng). Phthisis and Anal Fistula, 466.
B^ehr, Bernhard. Digitaline , in Angina Pectoris, 218; Aurum, in
Bone Diseases, 262; Phos. ac.. in Bone Diseases, 268;
bilicea , in do., 266; Lycop ., in Lupus, 319.
Bailey, F. A. (Eng). Galium , in Cancer of Tongue, 153.
Baker, J. F. Treatment of Hernia, 431.
Bailhachk. Diagnosis of Syphilis, 564.
Bauer, Louis. Pathology of Tetanus, 191; Causes of Talipes, 236;
Cure of Talipes, 236; Cause of Rachitis, 250.
Bayes, (Eng). Hydrastis , in Cancer, 154.
Beckwith, S. R. Cicuta, in Tetanus, 193.
Beebe, A. G. Tumors Cured, 121, 154; Carbolic ac., in Cancer, 153
Beebe, G. D. Gangrene of Intestinal Hernia, 436.
Bell, J. B. bilicea , in Mammary Cancer, 390.
Bellows, A. J. bilico-Jluoride of Calcium , in Cure of Goitre, 369.
Berkeley, M. J. (Eng). Fungi in Disease, 19.
Betts, B. F. Nux vom ., in Mammary Cancer, 154.
Blake, E. J. Epithelioma Cured, 140; Hydrastis , in Scirrhus, 153.
Boileau. Hydrocotyl, in Lupus, 319.
Boyd, J. T. Aloes , in Anal Fistula, 466.
Brewster. Ovarian Tumor Cured, 121.
Brodie, Sir Benj. Prostatic Enlargement, 474.
Brown-Sequard. Cause of Bed-sores, 92.
Digitized by ^ooQie
96 Book Department . [January 16,
Butler, Jno. Galvanism in N®vi, 232; do., in Goitre, 378; do., in
(Esophageal Stricture, 363.
Callender, G. W. (Eng). Inflammation, 17 ; Inflammation of Lin¬
ing Membrane of Veins, 204.
Clark, C. G. Sulph ., and Ars., in Mammary Cancer, 390.
Clifton, A. R. (Eng), f/a/tum, in Cancer of Tongue, 153; Phytol .,
in Lipoma, 162.
Coburn, E. S. Chimaphil., in Cancerous Ulcer, 390.
Cohnheim. Nature of Pus-Cell, 46.
Cooper, R. T. Mur . ac., in Cancer of Tongue, 153, 345.
Coots. Calcification of the Heart, 217.
Corey, H. M. Cause of Death from Shock, 102.
Da nforth, Willis. Free Gas in Hernia, 435; in Intussusception,
442.
Day, Dr. Ozonic Ether in Lithiasis, 519.
Dudgeon. Ovarion Tumor Cured, 120.
Dunglison, R. D. Differential Diagnosis of Urinary Stone, 512.
Dunham, Carroll. Ovarian Tumor Cured, 121.
Durham, A. E. (Eng). Classification of Lupus, 313; Diagnosis of
Lupus, 316; Formation of Rhinolites, 326; Histology
of Nasal Polyp, 331.
Eggert, W. Lad i., in Anal Fistula, 467.
Erichsen, John (Eng). Cause of Ulceration, 62; Histology of
Encephaloid, 148; Character of Encephalitis, 308;
Syphilides of Tongue, 343; Differential Diagnosis of
Mammary Tumors, 389; Characters of Congenital
Syphilis, 567.
Flechsig. Decussation of the Medulla, 198.
Fleischman. Phosph ., in Encephaloid, 153.
Forcheimer, F. Epithelial Origin of Cancer, 134,139.
Fournier. Extinction of Chancroid, 549.
Franklin, E. C. Nature of Orthopraxy, 412; Treatment of Spinal
Curvatures, 422.
Frey, Heindrich. Nature of Leucocyte, 23.
Fruschi. Epithelioma Cured, 140.
Gallupe, W. Ovarian Tumor Cured, 121; Carboan ., in Cancer of
Breast, 154; Carbo an., and Coni., in Mammary Can¬
cer, 390.
Gant, Fred. James. Hydrarthrosis, 120; Characters of Cancrum
Oris, 346.
Garnsey, C. A. Ovarian Tumor Cured, 121.
Goullon, H. Iodine, in Bone Diseases, 264; Aurum, in do., 261;
Baryta , in do., 261; Bil, in do., 270.
Grauvogl. Calc ., in Bone Diseases, 262; Lapis albus,a Cause and
Cure of Bronchocele, 369.
Gregg, R. R. Phosph ., in Vaginal Condyloma, 162.
Gross, S. D. Extension of Encephaloid, 150; Nature of Melanosis;
152; Aphorisms in Cerebral Concussion, 304; Classifi¬
cation of Lupus, 313; Duration of Lupus, 315; Cal¬
cification of Nasal Polyps. 332; Histology of Hyper¬
trophy of Tongue, 340; Cause of Tonsilar Hyper¬
trophy, 354; Intestinal Irritation a Cause of (Esopha¬
geal Stricture, 357; Nature of Laryngeal Tumors-
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Book Department .
97
364; Origin of Hydrocele of the Neck, 377; Differen¬
tial Diagnosis of Meningitis and Myelitis, 399; Diag¬
nosis of Vertebral Caries, 420; Symptoms of Anal
Fissure, 460; Varieties of Anal Fistula, 463; En¬
larged Prostate, 472; Age in Lithiasis, 515; Cause of
Varicocele, 524; Gonorrhoeal Rheumatism, 543; Uni-
cistic Theory of S 3 r philis, 545.
Guernsey, H. N. Connection between Cancer and Phthisis, 142;
Sil., in Hydrocele, 530.
Guthrie, Sir Jas. Depressed Fracture of Skull, 303.
Hare, E. M. Phytol. , in Goitre, 373.
Hale. P. H. Ovarian Tumor Cured, 121.
Hartmann. Brucea, in Talipes, 238, 262; Manq. % in Periostitis, 265;
lgn., in Tonsilitis, 356.
Hawley. Ovarian Tumor Cured, 121.
Hewett. Prescott. Effusions into Arachnoid, 301.
Heitzman. Lactic ac.,1n Rachitis, 265.
Hklmuth, Wm. Tod. Report of Tumors Cured, 154; Alii cepa ., in
Neuritis, 171; Gallic ac., in Aneurism, 229; Hecla
lava, in Bone Diseases, 264; tiulph. ac., in Bone Dis¬
eases, 270; Ulceration of the Nose, 327; Hypertrophy
of Tongue, 341; Com., in Mammary Cancer, 391:
Sloughing of Intestines in Intussusception, 444; Get¬
tysburg Water in Stone, 518.
Hering, C. Treatment of Bed-Sores, 93.
Higgins, S. E. Elaps , in Epistaxis, 323.
Hall, G. A. Baryta c., in Lipoma, 129.
Holcombe, W. II. Asaf., in Caries, 260.
Holmes —Cootk. Classification of Ranula, 350; Endemic form of
Goitre. 369.
Hood. Lime , in Cancer of Breast, 154.
Holt, Daniel. Eux torn., in Spina Bifida, 411.
Hoynk, T. S. Baryta c., in Lipoma, 129.
Hughes, Richard (Eng). Lycop ., in Aneurism, 229.
Jackson, Mercy B. Ovarian Tumor Cured, 120; Lac/i., in Enceph-
aloid, 153.
Jahr, G. H. G. Angust., in Tetanus, 193; Treatment of Angina
Pectoris, 218; in Nasal Polyp, 333 ; JSit. ac ., in Pros¬
tatitis, 481.
James, D. Carbo an ., in Cancer of Uterus, 154.
Johnson, I. D. Ar*., in Ozcena, 328.
Johnstone, Athol. A. W. (Eng). Gout, 276; Characters of Tophi,
277.
Kafka. Iodine , in Prostatic Hypertrophy, 480.
Kidd, (Eng). Classification of Goitre, 371.
Kidder, T. H. U. S. Navy Pathology of Chancre, 559 ; do. of Bubo,
562.
Knickerbocker. Enchondroma Cured, 137.
Knott Electrolysis , in Naevi, 231.
XiEADAM, (Eng). Formation of Ovarian Cysts, 118.
XfiLiENTHAL, S. Treatment of Angina Pectoris, 218; do. of Dis¬
eases of the Nails, 291, Histology of Lupus, 316.
XiiSTER, J. (Eng). Chloroform a Stimulant, 101.
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98
Book Department.
[January 15,
Lorbachkr. Cundurango , in Ulcers, 74.
Malgaigne. Fragility of Bones, 252.
Marcy & Hunt. Uva ursi, in Prostatic Calculi, 482.
Maumene. Flvjwides as a Cause of Goitre, 369.
Medical and Surgical Histor of the War. Urinary Stone in
the Army, 517.
Mera. H. P. Arsen., in Anal Fistula, 467.
Miller, H. V. Ovarian Tumor Cured, 121.
Miller. C. C. Gonorrhoea in Animals, 560.
Moore, C. H. (Eng). Ossification of Arteries, 215.
Morgan, Jno. C. Crocus sat., in Fibroma, 131; Case of Epithe
lioma Cured, 140.
Nagel, Prof. Caffeine , in Hernia, 434.
Nicol. Phosph .. in Colloid, 153.
Noack & Trjncks. Mezer ., in Bone Diseases, 266.
Olin, B. C. Case of Pott’s Disease, 422 ; Arsen., in Lithiasis, 519.
Otto, A. W. Anatomy of the Antrum, 334.
Owens, Wm. Treatment of Anal Fistula, 466.
Ozanum. M. ilhod ., in Hydrocele, 530.
Paget, Jas. (Eng). Recurrence of Tumors, 114; Fibroid Cured, 127;
Histology of Myeloid Tumors, 134 ; Causes of Rachi¬
tis, 250; Causes of Mollitis Ossium, 251.
Pease, G. M. Ovarian Tumor Cured, 120; Lapis alb., in Goitre, 373.
Pennoyer, N. A. Equisetum in Hernia. 431.
Piersons, A. M. Ovarian Tumor Cured, 120.
Poland, A. (Eng). Statistics of Tetanus, 191 ; Weight of Urinary
Stone, 513.
Pollock, Geo. (Eng). Sloughing of Intestines in Intussusception,
444.
Pomeroy. Thos. F. Tumor Cured, 158.
Pucii. Inoculability of Chancroid, 551.
Raue, C. G. Oleum jec.. in Caries, 267.
Richardson, A. S. Sil, in Epulis, 136.
RocKWiTn, F. A. Cure of Hydrocele. 530.
Romack. Phosph., in Encephaloid, 153.
Romig, J. Corbo an., in Cancer of Uterus, 153; do., in Mammary
Scirrhus, 390.
Ruckert. Cepa. in Nasal Polypi; Kali nit., in do., 333,
Salter, S Jas. A. (Eng). Histology of Epulis, 351.
Salisbury. Gonorrhoeal Fungi, 535.
Scheeider, II. G. Con., in Mammary Scirrhus, 390.
Schlusler. Jacuranda. in Secondary Syphilis, 572.
Selfridgr, I. N. Sloughing of Intestines in Intussusception, 444,
Seward, F. W. Ovarian Tumor Cured, 121.
Simon, J. (Eng). Heat in Inflammation, 25; Fibrine in Inflamma¬
tion, 28.
Small. A. E. Ovarian Tumor Cured, 121.
Smith, Thos. (Eng). Characters of Onychia, 292.
Smith, H. (Eng). Symptoms of Piles, 447.
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1880.]
Book Department.
Squier, E. B. Fatty Tumors in Heart, 129.
Stone, Geo. L. Case of Pott’s Disease, 423.
Sumner, Chas. Ovarian Tumor Cured, 121.
Taylor, Geo. H. Causes of Muscular Contraction, 233.
Thayer, David. Carbo veg ,. in Epistaxis, 323.
Thomas, A. R. Dermoid Cysts, 119; Structure of Adenoma, 129;
Rarefaction of Bone, 241.
Thompson, A. Epithelioma Cured, 140; Con., in Cancer of Breast,
154; Ars., in do. of Face, 154: Sulph., in do., of
Uterus, 154; Con., in Mammary Scirrhus, 390.
Valentine, P. E. FicHc ac., in Spinal Affections, 407.
VanBuren & Keys. Crystallization of Uric acid, 514; Cure of
Chancre, 563.
Vaughn, Victor C. Physiology of Lithiasis, 514.
Walton, H. Haynes. Ocular Encephaloid, 150.
Wells, L. B. Are. tod., in Cancer of Uterus, 154; do., in Cancer of
Breast, 154.
Wells, Scelbehg. Gonorrhoeal Ophthalmia, 542.
Westfall, B. R. Gangrene of Intestine, 436.
Wilkinson, Jas. J. G. Hecla lav a, in Bone Diseases, 263.
Wilson, E. (Eng). Erythema, 36 ; Characters of Lupus, 317.
W right, J. S. Salix nig ., in Goitre, 373.
Woodward, A. W. Nit. ac ., in Mammary Cancer, 1*4.
Young, -. Ovarian Tumor Cured, 121.
Vick’s Floral Guide. Of the many guide and seed and plant
catalogues sent out by our seedsmen and nurserymen, and that are
doing so much to inform the people and beautify and enrich onr
country, none are so beautiful, none so instructive as Vick's Floral
Guide. Its paper is the choicest, its illustrations handsome, and given
by the hundred, while its colored plate is a gem. This work, although
costing but rive cents, is handsome enough for a gift book, or a place
on the parlor table. Published by James Vick, Rochester, N. Y.
« j 1880 is the nicest of all. Send for it and get all your lady
patients to do likewise.
Diseases of Infants and Children. Part V. $l.0u.
Another’installment of this interesting work is now ready. The
subjects treated in it are among the most serious the physician has to
meet,'viz., sore throat, catarrh, hay fever, diphtheria, spasmodic croup,
membranous croup, spasm of the glottis, paralysis of glottis, tumors,
atelectasis, capillary bronchitis, croupous pneumonia, lobar pneu¬
monia, etc. An immense mass of valuabl ■ material condensed into a
few pages. The appearance of this part is timely. Part VI will close
this valuable work. Those who have Parts IV and V, if in good con-
Digitized by ^ooQie
Book Department.
100
[January 16,
dition, can exchange them at their full value, for the bound volume
when it appears.
The Art of Singing. By Prof. F. Libber. Tianslated from the
German by F. Seeger, M. D. New York: Wm. A. Pond & Co.
Chicago : Duncan Bros. Price, $1.00.
Dr. F. Seeger has done the musical and medical profession great
service in translating this valuable work of Lieber’s. Our profession
will appreciate the chapter on hygiene of the voice, and will lead
them to hope for something more from Dr. S’s practical pen.
Clinical Therapeutics. By T. S. Hoyne, M. D. Part YIII
$ 1 . 00 .
This is another installment of a large collection of clinical verifi¬
cations of the therapeutic value of the following remedies: Lachesis ,
Laurocerasus , Plumbum , Stannum , Cimicifuga, AEsculus, JEthusa, Agar-
icus, Agnus, Ailanthus, Ccpa, Aloes, Ambra, Ammonium munaticum ,
Anacardium crudum and Antimonium tartaricum.
The Temperature and Pulse in the Puerperal State is
the title of a pamphlet by R. Ludlam. M. D., Professor of the
Medical and Surgical Diseases of Women in Hahnemann Medical
College, Chicago.
This is an analysis of a second fifty cases treated in the puerpera
wards of Hahnemann Hospital. It will be some time before the mass
of the profession will comprehend that the term puerperal state ”
means the same as the Anglo-Saxon “ lying in.” If any change is to
be made from the familiar, although inaccurate one of obstetrical,
why parturient should not have the preference we leave for gynaecol¬
ogists or the obstetricians to decide. This pamphlet will go far to
enlarge the list of diseases incident to parturition. The fact that the
temperature is a good index of the condition of affairs, ought to be
generally known and make the thermometer as generally used in
obstetric practice as it is in the management of typhoid fever.
Modern Household Medicine. A Guide to Mode of Recognition
and Rational Treatment (Homoeopathic, Hydropathic, Hygienic
and General) of Diseases and Emergencies Incidental to Daily Life.
By Charles Robert Fleury, M. D. London : E. Gould & Son.
Chicago: Duncan Bros.: 12 mo., pp. 616.
This is a small but comprehensive work for the people. Notwith¬
standing the singular title it is an out and out book on medical treat¬
ment of disease. The Hygienic and Hydropathic portions are not
very prominent. The first part of the work is devoted to general
Digitized by t^ooQie
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Antidotes in Alternation .
101
information which is very excellent; the rest of the work is devoted
to diseases and their treatment. Then come a list of remedies, bed¬
side directory, invalid dietary, etc.
This work reflects, no doubt, the practiee of the author, and is a
strong objection to most domestic works especially, as in this instance,
where pure tinctures are so often recommended, e. < 7 ., “ Dropsy of the
belly Liq. Arsenic tincture, etc.)” We should be afraid that the belly
would disappear with the dropsy. In spasmodic croup, if severe, the
throat is to be opened by a surgeon ! The mother is directed to have
the child’s skirts constrict the abdomen rather than be hung from the
shoulders. On the whole, the book is crude and peculiar, still it con¬
tains much that is valuable, and is a great improvement on Buchan,
that it is intended to supplant. We hope that this author will revise
this work in a future edition and give more domestic management
and less medical treatment. What can common people do with 190
remedies, including such dangerous agents as Prussic acid 1 st, Nitrate
of Amyl pure, Glonoine 1st, Strychince liquor, etc. Better give them
plain suggestions on how to care for the sick, and a few iimple reme¬
dies that they can use, in the absence of corupetefit medical advice.
Or it should be plainly stated, that, in the absence of a medical man,
the following treatment may be pursued. There should be an emphatic
line between domestic and medical treatment. These are the books
that should teach the people practical hygiene. The publishers part is
creditable.
Materia Medica Department.
ANTIDOTES IN ALTERNATION.
In the August 15th number of The Investigator, Dr. Eaton in
hl» article, “On Yellow Fever,” calls attention to the merits of
Homoeopathic treatment in this disease. “ It consisted,” says the
doctor, “of the giving of Pell, and Aconite in alternation (used by
various physicians in different attenuations and intervals, but very
generally in alternation.)” He observes that “ the effect of this treat¬
ment was certainly good.”
The question arises, how can two medicines which are the exact
Digitized by LjOOQie
102
Antidotes in Alternation.
[January 15
antidotes of each other be effective when given in this way? Is it
possible, as the doctor remarks, that “ these remedies antagonize eacli
other so that nature alone performed the cure; or did Aconite act to
overcome the Bell., and leave some energv to be exerted on the patient;
or did the Bell, overbalance the Aconite , and make that inert, and
have some strength left for the patient V But those physicians who
do not alternate have been as successful as those who do, therefore it
can not be said that nature unaided, as would be the case if the reme¬
dies antidote each other, performed the cure. Nor can it be true that
the cure is made by a balance of power after the antidotal action,
because the balance would not always be in favor of the same remedy
since they are not invaribly used in corresponding potencies. Some¬
times Bell. 3x and Aconite 30, are used and vice versa. If this theory
were true it would prove that the action of these two remedies is iden¬
tical. Some other explanation must be sought, and I think it may be
found in this simple statement: when two remedies are given in
alternation with good results, each has had time to produce its own pecu_
liar effect before the other has been administered. When Ipecac has cured
a case of vomiting, no one supposes that Nux vom. 30 or 200 by anti¬
doting Ipecac will re-establish vomiting. No one however much
opposed to alternation hesitates to give a remedy because its antidote
has previously been prescribed. Some drugs are supposed to remain
in the system for a great length of time, but physicians go on pre¬
scribing without any reference to this fact. Iron is found in the
blood, yet we get good results from Mercunus , Cinchona , etc.
Ipecac antidotes Ars. t but Hering says that ^4rs. follows well after
Ipecac. How can a remedy follow its antidote and yet be an active
agent in the cure of diseases V No one seems to find any trouble here
however. It may be said that a remedy may follow well after its
antidote, but not immediately after. Very well; but how long is one
to wait in a dangerous case, when the symptoms have so changed as
to clearly point out the remedy V
Every remedy has its own sphere of action. One acts especially
upon the heart, another upon the liver, another upon the kidneys, etc.
When a remedy has reached the organ or tissue upon which it acts,
and has spent its force, then it no longer has any power to antidote
another drug. Homoeopathic doses soon reach their seat of action,
leaving the digestive and circulatory system free from the medicine.
Therefore when time has been given for a remedy to be thoroughly
appropriated by the tissue for which it has an affinity, another remedy
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1880.]
Longevity of Medical Men in Old Times.
108
will then find a free and undisturbed course to its own destination.
Thus Belladonna and Aconite without loss of power may reach their
own fields of action, and produce their own effects. Let us hear more
on this subject, and if possible learn all the facts in relation to it.
Ashland, Neb. E. T. Cassel.
A NEW REMEDY.
In regard to the Sulpho-cyanide of Potassium my attention was first
called to it by a chemist who in making it said the workmen had
symptoms like a severe cold in the head and throat, frequent sneez¬
ing, at first dryness of the mucous membrane and then copious secre¬
tion, smarting and stinging in the throat and bronchial tubes; that
whenever he felt the first premonitions of a cold he always took a
little with great benefit. As you are well aware, Claude Bernard
states that the Sulpho-cyanide is one of the constituents of the normal
salivary secretion. I had only a few days before been reading this
and was struck by the co-incidence. I obtained some and gave it in
several cases with beneficial results. Of course I mentioned it to
physicians whom I met, Dr. T. S. Scales of Woburn, among the
number and he reported some cases to the Massachusetts Homoe¬
opathic Society, christening it “ Dr. Chase’s Sulpho-cyanide” I do
not think the parentage of the baby can belong to me, but perhaps I
may have helped a little at the delivery. I think it would repay the
profession if a careful proving should be made. I have taken it some
and developed some of the symptoms which I have mentioned.
H. L. Chase.
[We agree with Dr. Chase, and hope some of our scientific young
physicians will test it.— Ed.]
Longevity of Medical Men in Old Times.— We find in the Un.
Medicate note of a letter written in 1705, by Jean Jacques Baier, pro¬
fessor of medicine at Atladorf, under the title “De Longevitate
Medicorum.” He classifies the ages of 76 doctors of that day in the
following figures: From 70 to 79 years, 10; 80 to 89 yrs., 40; 90 to 99
yrs., 10; 100,1; past 100, 6; total, 76. Hippocrates lived to 104 years.
Leoniceue, 106, Rhodes, 120, Marcus Gallas, physician to Charles V,
to 129, and Averrhoes to 100.— Medical Press and Circular.
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104
Medical News.
[January 15,
Medical News.
H. L. Sook from Newark to East Rockport, Ohio.
Geo. K. Donnelly from Quincy, Ill., to Joseph, Mo.
Drs. Van Norman and Baker have removed their office from 238 to
201 Pearl Street, Cleveland, Ohio.
A Swindler.—We are informed that a man calling himself “M.
Picker, M. D.,” is travelling in the south pretending to represent us
and is receiving money from physicians under this pretence. We
have no person in our employ by this or a similar name, and the party
is undoubtedly a swindler. Beware of him and in the mutual interest
kindly extend this information to any interested, and oblige.
Yours respectfully, Codman & Shurtleff.
A Medical Prayer Union has been established in this country, the
members of which have agreed to pray for the profession, and all con¬
nected with it, physicians, colleges, students, hospitals and nurses,
every Wednesday. (St. Matt, xviii: 18.) Will you join us? We
believe God will pour out His Spirit in abundance in answer to our
united intercessions and that new means of usefulness will be given
us, so that through the profession in future, a far more abundant har¬
vest may be reaped for our loved Master, Jehovah Rophi, the Great
Physician. (St. Luke ix:2.) If you will unite with us kindly send
your name to the undersigned, and please to make the union known
to as many Christian physicians as possible.
Yours in the Master’s Service,
224 Ellis Avenue, Chicago. Miss Ella Breeaud.
Died— In Syracuse, N. Y., November 26th, A. D. 1879, of apoplexy
Harrison V. Miller, M. I). At the quarterly meetingof The Cen¬
tral New York Homoeopathic Medical Society , Dec. 18, A. D., 1879, Drs.
Hawley, Gwynn and Wallace, committee on Necrology, reported the
following paper, which was adopted:
Since death has taken away our friend and long time faithful secre¬
tary, Harrison Y. Miller, M. D., it is proper that this society,
while it realizes and respects his often expressed aversion to the usual
formalities of commemorating the dead, should put on record its
appreciation of his character and services. Therefore,
Resolved , That Harrison V. Miller, as our secretary for the last
ten years has been the life of this society, and has done more to extend
its influence and promote its usefulness than any other member.
Resolved , That as a man he commanded our respect for his integrity
and unflinching obedience to his own conviction; as a student, for
his diligence, fidelity and exactitude; as a physician, for his sympa¬
thetic kindness, faithful and cheering attentions and close prescrip¬
tions ; and, as a member of this society, for his uniform urbanity and
his enthusiastic disposition to work for all that could extend its
influence or advance the science of medicine.
Resolved , That to commemorate our respect for him, this tribute to
his character shall be put upon our minutes, and published in the
journals of the day.
Resolved , That we tenderly sympathize with his famiiy in their loss,
and give expression to such sympathy by sending them a copy of this
memento. (Attest.} C. P. JennIngs, Sec’y.
W Our readers will regret the loss from our ranks this able worker,
e believe that his memory will be dear to many as it is to us.—Ed.J
Digitized by ^ooQie
THE
UNITED STATES
Medical Investigator.
A SEMI-MONTHLT JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE.
New Series. Vol. XI., No. 3.—FEBRUARY 1, 1880.— Whole No. 266,
Surgical Department.
TUMORS OF THE INFANTILE LARYNX .
BY CHARLES ADAMS, 31. D., PROFESSOR OF THE PRINCIPLES AND
PRACTICE OF SURGERY AND CLINICAL SURGERY IN
THE CHICAGO HOMOEOPATHIC COLLEGE.
LRead before the Chicago Academy <,f Homoeopathic Physicians and Surgeons.]
Laryngeal neoplasms are of less frequent occurrence in children
than in adults. They, however, include the same varieties (cancer
excepted) and are discovered by the same or nearly the same symp¬
toms. The frequent occurrence in childhood of diseases in which
dyspnoea is a principal symptom, as croup, etc., leads quite often, we
believe, to this form of trouble being overlooked, but a careful obser¬
vance of some leading conditions should enable the practitioner to
differentiate in the diagnosis of these and other lesions of the larynx.
As regards the nature of the growths, the records of cases already
published show that about two-thirds of the entire number have been
papillomatous or fibroma papillare, about a tenth pure fibromata,
the remainder including myomata, adenomata, and cystomata in
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106
Tumors oj the Larynx.
[February 1
smaller proportions. The seat and form of the growth may have
important bearings on the development of symptoms, thus, a growth
not directly in connection with the vocal cords may if sessile attain a
considerable size before interfering with the voice, while a growth of
small size on the cords may produce complete aphonia. Occasional
dyspnoea or dysphonia may be produced by a pedunculated growth
becoming temporarily engaged in the vocal cords, or, sudden inten¬
sity of symptoms may occur from nearly complete obstruction of the
windpipe by the development of a growth beneath the cords. In the
cases of papilloma in adults, we find that over-exertions of the voice
in shouting, singing, etc., act as a powerful predisponent, the order
of conditions being hypersemia, catarrh, hypertrophy of vascular pap¬
illae. In children these growths seem in a majority of cases, to follow
any of the diseases of childhood which leave the larynx in a hypersemic
condition, as croup, diphtheria, measles, hooping cough, while it has
been already shown that many of these recorded cases are purely con¬
genital. Regarding the congenital nature of polyp of the larynx we
may say that Causit is the only author who has placed the subject in as
strong light as it deserves. Mackenzie, (Essay] on Growths in the
Larynx, London 1871) says:
“ The congenital origin of these growths, though very probable, can¬
not, however, be said to have been established, because, in the fatal
cases which have been brought forward in support of this view, the
patients did not die until they were a year or two old; and where a
laryngoscopic examination has verified the existence of a growth, the
little patient has always attained the age of three years or more. It
is very probable that cases of congenital neoplasm in the larynx do
occur, but there is not a single case on record where a still-born child
has been found to have a laryngeal growth, nor has such a growth
been found to exist within the first month or two of infant life.”
Perhaps the comparative rarity of examinations of the vocal appar¬
atus of new-born children may account for the absence of statistics
but Mackenzie in his table gives notes of several cases which are
headed congenital. Dr. Cohen in the last edition of his work (1879)
says, regarding laryngeal neoplasms: 44 Some are congenital, others
are developed in advanced life. My own experience includes cases
apparently congenital.”
Lennox Browne (Diseases of the Throat, 1878.) says these growths
“ may even be congenital.” Von Ziemssen (Cyclopaedia of Medicine,
Vol. VII, Article, Larynx) says, 44 the period of early childhood was
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1880.]
Tumors of the Larynx .
107
formerly regarded as possessing considerable immunity. On the
other hand Causit claims the specially frequent occurrence of laryn¬
geal polypi during the first years of life and even congenitally.”
Durham (Holmes System of Surgery) says: “ One case has come
under my observation in which it was evident that the growth had
commenced before or immediately after birth.”
Causit (Etude sur les Polypes des Larynx , Paris, 1867) beside collecting
particulars of over forty cases in childhood, has given a detailed account
of many cases of unmistakably congenital origin, and pointed out one
or two important signs for their recognition.
Prom the foregoing it will be seen that, save Causit, none of the
authorities quoted gives more than a slight allusion to the occasion¬
ally congenital origin of laryngeal polypi, and still less consideration
to the matter of their diagnosis.
We consider all cases in which the symptoms have been persistent
from birth, as fairly coming under the head of congenital, while those
following the diseases already mentioned may be classed as acquired.
We have no light on the question of causation in the congenital forms;
in the acquired, undoubtedly the catarrhal condition of the larynx is
the principle factor. The symptoms most characteristic are the dis¬
turbance of function as indicated by the character of the voice and
respiration. A careful review of fifty cases in children shows that in
every instance there has been more or less aphonia. In many of them
it has been complete, or varied only by an occasional utterance in a
shrill t.one y while in others it has been of an intermittent character.
Mackenzie (Op. cit.) refers to “a kind of dysphonia, which, when
present, is very characteristic of growth cases. The patient whilst
speaking in his natural voice, or in a slight hoarse or croupy tone
suddenly becomes completely aphonic, and again, after a minute or
two, recovers his hoarse or natural voice.”
The character of the respiration has been observed to be changed in
about one-half the cases before mentioned. In these the respiration
during the intervals between paroxysms of dyspnoea has been noisy
and jerky. Mucous rales over the larynx have been noted in some
cases, while in others the sounds have been described as flapping
(bruit de drapeau), gurgling and explosive, like cork drawing. As
the cases progress the intervals between paroxysms of dyspnoea
become shortened and the attacks themselves increase in intensity.
Attacks of croupal respiration may be precipitated by exposure, over¬
exertion, or change of position, their severity varying with the size
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108
Tumors of the Larynx .
[February 1,
and situation of the growth. Cough has not been noticed in a suffi¬
cient number of cases to constitute a symptom ot value. When
observed it has been croupal or from temporary embarrassment of
respiration, by a mobile tumor, paroxysmal. Difficulty of swallowing
as in adults does not show itself unless the tumor be attached to the
epiglottis or of such size as to project into the pharynx.
Pain in children cannot of course be precisely estimated, and as it
is not a constant or even frequent sign in adults, may be left out of
consideration.
Before proceeding to the consideration of the physical signs, we
may place under two heads the cases which call for an examination
by the laryngoscope.
1. All cases in which from birth, or a period soon following, there
are : Embarrassed respiration, persistent hoarseness, aphonia, com¬
plete or varied by occasional accessions of a high shrill voice.
2. Those cases in which any of the symptoms above enumerated
occur after croup, hooping cough, diphtheria, or the exanthemata in
early childhood.
The necessity for an early recognition of the exact nature of the
affection is manifest in a glance at the tables of Causit, Mackenzie,
Fauvel, and others, for in most of them, from the lack of knowledge as
to the seat and extent of the neoplasm no remedial measures were
adopted until repeated attacks of dyspnoea had exhausted the patient.
Under such circumstances tracheotomy having been resorted to as a
measure without alternative, although the operation has been prompt
to relieve the distressing symptoms, in numerous cases the child has
perished from sheer lack of recuperative power. An early appreci¬
ation of the exact condition of the larynx may enable the surgeon to
adopt other methods of operative treatment than tracheotomy, while
it is quite obvious that treatment by medicine, to be effective must be
given during the early history of the tumor.
The examination of the larynx in childhood is a procedure of some
difficulty, but with patience, skill and the confidence of the patient
may be accomplished even in cases of very young children. When
necessary an anaesthetic might be employed.
If a laryngoscopic image can be obtained, the diagnosis may be
clearly made and such measures adopted as best suit the case. Digi¬
tal exploration by means of the index finger is of no practical value in
children. The sounds heard on auscultation have already been
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1880.]
Tumors of the Larynx .
109
noted. A diagnosis has been made in several cases by the results of
microscopical examination of expectorated particles.
Should the laryngoscopic or other examination reveal the existence
of a growth, a choice of treatment may be open to the practitioner.
If the neoplasm be of small size and the papillomatous variety, the
patient not being in danger of suffocation, remedies may be given,
and for this purpose we should suggest the trial of Alumina , Caustxcum
Calcarea . Thuja , [Calc. phos. or Sanquinaria might be as serviceable
here as in polypi of the nose.J
If the patient be of sufficient growth to submit of manipulations
through the mouth, local applications of Acetic acid. Nitrate of Silver,
etc., may be made directly to the growth. This method has been emi¬
nently successful in a number of cases, but of course can only be
employed by an expert laryngoscopist. Removal of the growths
directly by suitable forceps can be accomplished with the aid of the
laryngeal mirror. The tube forceps of Mackenzie, or the antero-pos-
terior forceps of Fauvel will be found the best instruments for the
procedure. The gaivano-cautery has been used, but it must be borne
in mind that the larynx is exceedingly intolerant of burns, and much
risk is run of damaging the vocal cords by contact with the heated
wire.
The greatest difficulty will be found, however, in dealing with these
growths in the cases of children too young to undergo any sort of
operation through the mouth. In such cases the existence of a growth
being satisfactorily demonstrated by such symptoms as have been
pointed out, and examination, unless the growth is amenable to
treatment by remedies, the indication is to perform tracheotomy, the
patient to wear the tube until the removal may be accomplished
through the natural passages or by thyrotomy.
Too much stress can not be laid upon the injunction to operate early.
The attendant must not loose sight of the fact that tracheotomy
averts risk of death by suffocation , and in itself, is an operation of
slight gravity when properly done. On the other hand, study of
recorded cases shows that if the operation be postponed until after
repeated attacks of dyspnoea have exhausted the ability of the patient
to withstand the operative interference, it is only rarely successful.
An early tracheotomy puts the case under control of the surgeon, who
can subsequently adopt such measures as the age of the child or
development of the growth may demand.
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110
Membraneous Oroup , etc.
[February 1
Children’s Department
THE CROUPS COMPARED .
Membraneous Croup. Pseudo - Membraneous Laryngitis,
Cyanche Trachitis. Pseudo-Membraneous Croup.
Croupous Laryngitis. Pseudo - Mem¬
braneous Angina.
[continued from paoe «a.]
Symptoms — This disease generally comes on gradually , taking
four to eight days to become fully developed. Its first stage is attended
by few symptoms that could distinguish it from ordinary catarrh.
Slight fever, drowsiness, suffusion of the eyes, and Reflexion from
the nose, attend it. The respiration is not perceptibly disturbed, and
the cough, though frequent, presents no peculiar character. Thereis
besides, occasional complaint of slight sore throat, or of uneasy
sensation about the larynx, but so slight as scarcely to attract atten¬
tion, and not sufficient to cause any alarm.
The duration of this stage is very variable; nor is there any regu¬
larity in the mode of its transition into the second stage. In the major¬
ity of cases, the transition takes place gradually; but thirty-six hours
would seldom pass without the supervention of some symptom which
to the well schooled observer, would betray the nature of the coming
danger. Most symptoms may continue unchanged perhaps scarcely
aggravated, but a slight modification takes place in the character
of the cough', which now becomes attended with a peculiar ringing
sound, difficult to describe, but when once heard not easily forgotten.
This peculiarity in the cough very often precedes any change in the
respiration and may sometimes be so slight as scarcely to attract the
parent’s notice at the time, and to be remembered only when the full
development of the disease leads to inquiries as to how the attack
came on. Soon after this modification of the cough has become per¬
ceptible or even simultaneous with it, the respiration undergoes a
change. The act of inspiration becomes prolonged and is attended
with stridor. It often happens that these two pathognomonic symp¬
toms first come on, or at least first excite attention in the night, and
that a child who at bed time was supposed to ail nothing or at most
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1880.]
Membraneous Croup , tic.
U1
to hare a slight cold, awakes suddenly with ringing cough and strid-
nlous breathing, frequently in a state of alarm with marked dyspnoea.
Through the whole course of the disease, indeed, an obvious tendency
exists to nocturnal exacerbations and to remissions as the morning
approaches. In whatever manner these symptoms may have come
on, they will not continue for many hours, without being attended by
increase of fever, by acceleration and soon by difficulty of respiration.
The skin becomes hot and dry, the face flushed, the breathing hur¬
ried, the cough frequent, the pulse full and quick, the child dull, fret¬
ful and passionate. For a few minutes it may appear cheerful, may
turn to its playthings and breathe more naturally, though the pecu¬
liar respiratory sound never ceases altogether. Soon, however, the
dyspnoea returns with increased intensity; the whole chest heaves
with the inspiratory effort, which is more prolonged and attended
with great stridor. During it, perspiration breaks out at every pore
and the veins of the neck and face become greatly distended. Short
and forcible expiration follows, and after this state of dyspnoea has
lasted for some minutes, an interval of comparative ease succeeds.
The child now falls asleep exhausted; but during sleep, the sound
attending respiration is heard in an exaggerated degree. Though
the drowsiness is great, sleep is uneasy, and frequently inter¬
rupted by violent startings, in spite of which the child may still sleep
on. After some minutes he awakes in a state of terror, to pass
through another paroxysm similar to the preceding one, though more
severe. (West). The hoarseness increases and becomes more perma¬
nent. The cough which is at first shrill and short, becomes bark¬
ing, and after awhile completely toneless. When the patient cries
loudly, or has a violent fit of coughing there is still heard, however, a
hoarse, barking sound, which now and then change from a bass to a
high falsetto tone. (Steiner). This is due to the coming together
for an instant of the swollen vocal chords.
The cough does not increase in severity in proportion as the disease
advances; it is unattended by expectoration, or at most 'a little
mucus is spit up but without any relief. Although the paroxysms of
dyspnoea are not dependent on the cough, they are sometimes pro¬
voked by it, and the two or three inspirations next following an effort
of coughing are often attended with increased stridor.
There is almost always muoh eagerness for drink and deglutition is
generally well performed. The fauces are often red, though their
redness bears no direct proportion to the intensity of the croupal
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112
Membraneous Croup, etc.
[February 1
symptoms; and there is frequently considerable tenderness of the
larynx. The tongue is red at the tip and edges, but coated in the
centre and at the back with thick, white fur; the bowels are rather
constipated and the appetite for food is entirely lost.
As the diseas? advances^the paroxysms become less marked, or
rather the intermissions'grow less distinct and the child is constantly
engaged with the effort to breathe. The cough now sometimes ceases
altogether, and the breathing frequently becomes sibilant rather than
stridulous. The child throws its head back as far as possible, in
order to increase the capacity of the trachea; the chest is heaved
violently at each effort to inspire, during which its lateral region
becomes liattened, and all the soft parts of its parietes recede indi¬
cating the inadequacy of the attempt to fill them; the larynx is
depressed forcibly towards the sternum,'while the abdominal muscles
co-operate energetically in expiration. (West).
# This symptom depends upon the rarefaction of the air within the
thorax, when dilated during stricture of the glottis. When the air
within the chest becomes rariGed, the pressure upon the thoracic
surface of the diaphragm becoming far lighter than that upon its
abdominal surface, it yields, and is forcibly pushed upward, the
xyphoid and costal cartilages being likewise drawn in by the inspira
tion. This is easy of comprehension, if we only.; bear in mind the
mechanism of normal respiration. If the air can enter the air pass¬
ages with freedom, the diaphragm, upon contracting, causes its pars
tendinea to descend, but produces no incurvation of the ribs; for
their resisting power is far greater than that encountered by the dia¬
phragm in the elasticity of the lung, or in the feeble pressure of the
abdominal viscera.
If, however, the tendinous centre be drawn up by the rarefaction of
the air in the lungs, or if it be only fixed and hindered from moving
downward, the inspiratory contractions of the muscles of the dia¬
phragm must then of necessity, cause the arch of the ribs to curve
inward. (Niemeyer). In addition the face is heavy and anxious, the
eyes are dull, the lips livid, the skin dry and the extremities cold;
or clammy sweats bedew the surface. The respiration is hurried,
unequal and irregular and the pulse is very frequent and very
feeble. Though no remissions now occur, there are frequent
exacerbations, in which the child throws itself about and puts its
hand to its throat, as though to tear away some obstacle to the
admission of air, ' whilfe helpless hopeless agony is depicted on its
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1880.]
Membraneous Group, etc .
113
countenance. In the midst of these sufferings the patient dies, or
coma or convulsions come on and close the scene.
It is not always, however, that the last stage of croup is attended by
such distressing symptoms. The treatment employed may seem to
have mitigated the severity of the disease ; the restlessness may give
place to ease, the burning skin may grow moist, the respiration may
become tranquil, the cough loosen with but little clangor; expectora¬
tion may be easy, and a wheezing attended with a very slight croupy
sound, may be the only indication of the dangerous disease under
which the patient is suffering. This apparent amendment may con¬
tinue for a few hours, and then be succeeded by a return of all the
former symptoms, and soon be followed by death; or the mitigation
of the disease may be accompanied with great drowsiness, which*
l*)wever, does not excite alarm, since it is very naturally attributed
to the exhaustion, produced by the disease. During sleep, the res¬
piration is deep and tranquil, like that of a person in a sound slum¬
ber ; it is indeed attended by a kind of wheeze, but presents little of
the croupy stridor; and when awake the child is quite sensible and
even cheerful. After a time, however, it becomes difficult thoroughly
to arouse him ; the pulse grows more rapid, the moisture on the skin
changes almost imperceptibly to a cold clammy sweat, and convulsive
twitchings of the angles of the mouth occasionally disturb the repose
of the features. Silently but surely the exudation has been making
progress, and when the alarm is taken, it is too late; the stupor
deepens and the child dies comatose, or rouses only to spend its last
hours in the vain struggle for breath, and embittered by all the pain¬
ful circumstances which ordinarily attend the suffocative stage of
croup.
The diagnosis of croup is not difficult. The diseases which it may
be confounded with are: false croup, diphtheritic croup and croupoua
pneumonia. The gradual onset of the disease, the absence of sore
throat and of bronchial symptoms will serve to differentiate. The
morning is the best time to make the diagnosis.
The duration is from three to thirteen days. Death has occurred in
three days, but such cases are rare. Some contend that it takes nine
days to develop the membrane.
The prognosis of croup must always be guarded, since the disease ia
one of the most dangerous to which childhood is liable. Much depends
upon the patient being seen at an early stage of the disease; and the
prospect of recovery is generally very small if no treatment should
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114
Membraneous Croup , etc.
[February 1,
have been adopted until after the full development of the symptoms.
The presence of bronchitis, and, still more of pneumonia, adds
greatly to the dangers of the affection, and would induce us to form a
very unfavorable opinion of the chances of recovery. A second
attack is generally less serious* than the first; and cases in which
oatarrhal symptoms have preceded the seizure for several days are
more amenable to treatment than those in which the premonitory
stage has been short or altogether absent. Diminution of the dyspnoea
in the intervals of the cough — a louder and looser cough, attended
with expectoration or vomiting of muco-purulent matter, inter¬
mingled with shreds of false membrane —a less suppressed voice, less
anxiety and less restlessness — all indicate that the disease is abating.
Much caution, however, must be exercised in drawing a favorable
conclusion from a diminution of the severity of the symptoms until
such improvement has continued for twenty-four hours at least. In
all but the most acute cases of croup the remittent character of the
disease is very apparent; and it is well to bear in mind that the fatal
termination usually takes place with extreme rapidity, when an
exacerbation of the symptoms follows soon after a manifest remission
of their intensity. The symptoms of extinction of the voice, sup¬
pression of the cough, the change from stridulous to sibilant breath¬
ing, and increased difficulty of respiration, all show death to be
surely and speedily approaching. (West).
Treatment— In my experience when the catarrhal stage is not
arrested by Aconite or Hepar, or both, I give Kali bich. alone, or with
Acmite if there is fever for several days. If spasmodic fits occur at
night, Spongia is given. If the case grows no worse during its devel¬
opment but seems held in check, no change is made. I do not expect
much loosening of the cough for three or four days. Then if the case
increases in severity and no one remedy is clearly indicated (see
Brom. and Phos .), Teste’s advice to give Bryonia and Ipecac in alter¬
nation I have found serviceable. These cases are usually so clear
that there is little difficulty in selecting the remedy, and it should be
given persistently for days, for we are not treating a spasm to be
relieved in a few hours, but an organic disease.
The special indications for the remedies are as follows:
Aconite .— Inflammatory period; high fever, dry skin, restlessness ;
the child is In agony, impatient, throws itself about; dry and short
cough, but not yet wheezing, nor sawing respiration ; cough and loud
Digitized by ^ooQie
1880.]
Membraneous Croup , etc.
115
breathing during expiration, but not during inspiration; every expi¬
ration ending with a hoarse, hacking cough; after exposure to dry,
cold winds.
Antimonium tart.— Y oice weak and changed; hoarseness in the
morning; rapiu, short, heavy and anxious breathing; must be sup¬
ported in a sitting posture in bed; large quantities of mucus in the
bronchial tubes but no expectoration; tough secretion of mucus
from air passages; oppressed breathing and sensitive stitches in the
left chest; danger of suffocation from paralytic state of the lungs;
face cold, bluish, covered with cold clammy perspiration; pulse very
frequent; prostration; collapse ; severe forms of catarrhal croup.
Arsenicum.— Cough worse after midnight; the croup aggravates by
spells; between them, the child feels comparatively easy, though still
distressed; great prostration; restlessness; thirst, but the child
takes only a sip; bloated face, covered with cold perspiration; espe¬
cially suitable to children frequently affected with hives and nettle-
rash, where there is hoarseness; feeling of burning and dryness of
the larynx; cough, with sense of constriction and suffocation.
Cough worse after drinking. Great exhaustion ; least effort exhausts
the patient.
Belladonna.— Sawing, whistling breathing; frequent, barking,
croupy cough, skin dry and hot; face red; eyes congested; pulse
full, sharp and frequent; tonsils red and swollen; patches of mem¬
brane on the fauces; great restlessness and irritability. The cough
is hoarse, causing the face to flush.
Bryonia.— Tough mucus in the trachea, which is loosened only after
frequent hawking; scraping sensation in the lower portion of the
trachea, provoking a dry cough; voice rough and hoarse; hacking,
dry cough, from the upper part of the trachea; single, forcible, spas¬
modic shocks towards the upper part of the trachea, which is cov¬
ered by dry, tough mucus; cough, from a constant crawling upward
in the throat, followed by expectoration of mucus. It works well
after or with Ipecac.
Bromine.— Children with blue eyes and light hair. Spasmodic or
suffocative croup; hoarse, whistling, croupy voice, gasping for
breath; much dry, wheezing cough without expectoration; forma¬
tion of a false membrane in larynx and trachea; much,rattling in
the larynx when coughing, and hoarseness and spasmodic closure of
the glottis.
Causticum.— Catarrhal croup; sensation of rawness in the throat
Digitized by ^ooQie
116
Membraneous Croup , etc.
[Februa ry 1
when coughing, with sawing respiration; dry sensation in the air
passages; irritation to cough, with easy expiration; dry, hollow
cough with sore sensation in a streak down along the trachea, where
it pains on every fit of coughing and almost prevents breathing;
frequent attacks of suffocation during inspiration, as if some one
grasped the trachea, arresting the breathing for the moment.*
Cubebce False membranes thick and of dark shade, principally in
the larynx ; respiration noisy and ganting; sensation as if the head
was choked up, with heaviness of head, danger of suffocation; voice
harsh and wheezing ; cough with coryza and hoarseness; during and
after the cough cold sweat upon the chest and back with burning in
the abdomen; respiration impeded, difficult, with crepitant rales;
great fullness of chest; dyspnoea and sense of suffocation, barking*
•and croupy cough, with feeling as of a foreign body in the larynx;
throat dry and parched ; respiration hurried and noisy; face red and
pale by turns; contractive and pressive headache with drowsiness,
but without sleep ; uneasiness, anxiety, cannot remain in bed; con*
stant need to sw T allow the saliva to relieve the dryness and suffering
in the throat and larynx.
Hepar.— Croup after exposure to dry, cold wind, with swelling
below the larynx; great sensitiveness to cold air; red face, high
fever, hoarseness and rattling of moist mucus, which the child is
unable to get rid of, but still little or no difficulty in breathing;
aggravation after midnight or towards morning; sensation as if there
was a fishbone in the throat, or of internal swelling when swallow¬
ing ; stitching pain from ear to ear when swallowing or turning the
head. The child chokes with every coughing spell.
Iodine.— Black-eyed children; roughness, painful pressure and
stitches in larynx and pharynx, as if swollen; pain in larynx, with
discharge of hardened mucus; constriction and heat in the larynx ;
increased secretion of mucus in the trachea; dry, short and hacking
cough ; soreness of the throat and chest, especially w r hen in bed, with
wheezing pain in the throat and drawing pains in the lungs (the child
grasps throat and chest with his hands); hoarseness, the voice
becoming continually ,deeper; tracheal and bronchial croup, with
tendency to torpor; moist cough with expectoration; morning aggra¬
vation ; expectoration of large quantities of mucus, frequently blood
streaked; constant desire to cliauge position, without anguish. Plas¬
tic exudation. Coldness in the face of very fleshy children. Voice*
has a deep, hoarse, rough sound.
Digitized by L^ooQie
1880.]
Membraneous Croup , etc.
17
ipecac.—Catarrhal croup, convulsive evening cough; expectoration
of mucus, with metallic taste; spasmodic cough, with constriction
and danger of suffocation; shocks on falling asleep; rigidity of the
body, followed by jerking of the arms towards each other; nausea
and vomiting.
Kali bich — It suits best fat, chubby children; gradual and insid¬
ious onset; at first only slight difficulty of breathing when the mouth
is closed; as the disease progresses there is tever and increased diffi¬
culty of breathing, hoarse voice, constant cough at intervals; cough
hoarse, dry, barking metallic; deglutition painful, tonsils and larynx
red, swollen, covered with a false membrane, difficult to detach, with
expectoration of tough stringy mucus; finally breathing performed
only by the abdominal muscles and those of the neck and shoulders;
head bent backwards; breath offensive, diminished temperatures
prostration, stupor and death from asphyxia if not relieved. The air
sounds as though it was passing through a metallic tube.
Kaolin — Croup seated in lower part of larynx and upper part of
trachea; husky voice; metallic rasping cough ; paroxysms of suffo¬
cation. The child is very hoarse and breathes with difficulty.
Lachesis.— Croup in children subject to inflammatory rheumatism ;
decided aggravation after sleep, after a short nap; the children as it
were, sleep into the croup, and, when thoroughly aroused breathed
more freely; the child]*? cannot bear anything touching the neck;
patches of exudation in the fauces, extending downwards on pharynx
and larynx ; commencing paralysis of lungs; left side of throat par¬
ticularly affected; sensation as if there was something fluttering
above the larynx; cough excited by sensation as if a crumb of bread
were sticking in the throat, causing frequent hawking and swallow¬
ing. Arouses with a paroxysm of choking. Almost loses its breath
and is sometimes convulsed.
Lactic acid.—Dryness, scratching and burning in the throat; tear¬
ing in larynx and trachea with hoarseness; difficult expectoration of
gray, tasteless mucus, or so tough that air can hardly pass through it;
croup sound not heard.
Lycopodium.— Hoarseness remaining after croup or with it loose
cough in daytime and suffocative fits at night, or, in general, or when
suffocative fits alternate with free catarrh ; dryness in wind pipe with
hoarseness; feeling of rawness in the trachea with increased expec¬
toration of mucus; cough in the evening before going to sleep as if
the larynx were tickled with a feather, with scanty expectoration;
tickling cough; gray, salty expectoration and difficult respiration.
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118
On Membraneous Croup.
[February 1,
Phosphorus — Catarrhal and inflammatory state; painfulness of
larynx to touch; hoarseness and aphonia; shortness of breath; the
child is hoarse and croupy at night; better towards morning; croup
with tendency to relapse, especially in tall slender, nervous children.
When hoarseness remains after croup and when there is a tendency
to relapse.
Sanguinaria.— Pseudo-membranous croup; chronic dryness of the
throat with expectoration of thick mucus; aphonia with swelling of
the throat; steady severe cough without expectoration, with pain in
the head and circumscribed redness of the cheeks; tormenting,
exhausting cough.
Sponqia.— Children with fair complexion; great dryness of the
larynx, with short, hard, barking cough; embarrassed breathing, as
if the larynx and trachea became narrower; pain in the larynx when
touching it; slow, loud wheezing, and sawing breathing, and suffoca¬
tive fits with inability to breathe, except with the head bent back¬
wards ; sawing sound during remission; the child wakes with suffo¬
cation about the larynx on falling asleep early at night; always worse
>efore midnight and croup does not extend below the larvnx.
ON MEMBRANEOUS CROUP.
BY G. H. G. JAHR, M. D.
44 The treatment of membranous croup is not as difficult as is com¬
monly supposed, provided we do not lose our presence of mind, and
proceed coolly and with proper discretion.
4k At the onset of the disease, if the child loses its cheerfulness,
shows symptom of fever, passes a urine that looks as if it had been
stirred with flour, and utters the first characteristic sound of a bark¬
ing, ringing cough, the danger is not yet very great, for we may yet
have four or five, and even eight days before the really suffocative
symptoms belonging to the period of exudation, set in.
44 If, at this stage, we assail the little patient with big doses of
Bpongia , Iodine or Brom.. or even with these three remedies in alter¬
nation, in a purely empirical fashion, or with alternate doses of
Bryonia and Ipecac as was done by a Paris Homoeopathic physician
by the advice of a clairvoyant, and nothing more is done than to give
the medicines in increased quantities—if, in spite of this horrid
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1880.]
On Membraneous Oroup.
119
medication, the suffocative symptoms set in nevertheless increasing
in violence the longer this insane method is continued, there is indeed
little chance of saving a patient thus abused; and 1 have seen more
than one case where the child perished after this so-called Homoe¬
opathic treatment had been continued for a week, and the disease
had been “ borne down upon with the most massive doses”
In croup, likewise, success does not depend upon the quantity of
heroic remedies but upon their quality, that is to say, upon their
truly-specihc relation to the case before us, and, as far as I am con¬
cerned, 1 do not see why those who only believe in the saving power
of the most energetic remedies and doses, do not all at once pour a
whole bottleful of smoking Sulphuric acid into their patient’s throat;
this would not only burn all the pseudo-membranes but a good deal
more, and nobody could reproach them with not having acted with
sufficient energy.
“ In treating a case of croup, 1 generally proceed as follows: If I
am sent for at the commencement of the attack, I give Aconite 30,
three globules in a few spoonfuls of water, of which solution I give a
teaspoonful every three hours until the fever and the croups ringing
sound of the cough have disappeared, and it is evident from the reso¬
nance that the cough has assumed a catarrhal form. Aconite 3, ten
drops in half a glass of water, a dose once an hour till perspiration
sets in, to be followed by 2/epar, has been my rule.
“ But since experience has taught me that nothing is more insidious
than the first or inflammatory stage of croup, and it often happens
that, after the cough has almost entirely disappeared, and not a sign
of fever is any longer perceptible, and the children play about on the
floor and seem quite bright and cheerful, the disease sometimes
breaks out again, all of a sudden in the dead of the night, with every
symptom of exudation; I continue the Aconite even if the croupy
sound of the cough has been removed, at longer intervals, until the
cough is quite loose, and has been transformed into a loose mucous
cough, or a free catarrhal discharge from the nose has made its
appearance. In pursuing this course I have seen these two last-
mentioned changes, with whose appearance every danger may be
positively considered removed, set in on the second, third and fourth
day, and in other cases, where 1 was not sent for at the commence¬
ment of the attack, only on the eighth day of the disease, without
having had to use any other remedy than Aconite as long as the dis-
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120 On Membraneous Croup. [February 1. .
ease remained in its first stage and no suffocative symptoms had set
in.
If paroxysms of suffocation set in, but only at night, at long
intervals, and the little patient remain tolerably cheerful in the day¬
time, I continue and adhere to the Aconite until no more suffocative
paroxysms occur, and, if they cease, continuing the same medicine
until the disease assumes a catarrhal form as previously described.
“ If, in spite of the use of Aconite the suffocative paroxysms break
out again, but chiefly at night, and we may infer from this fact, not
that the exudative process is making full headway, and simply, as
Hering very properly observes, that the mucous lining swells up
evening and night in the form of nettle-rash, returning again to a
more normal condition in the daytime, I give Spongia 30 in the same
manner as I had given Aconite, more especially if the cough is dry
and ringing, and the inspirations have a crotcing sound, and con¬
tinue the Spongia as long as it seems to have a good effect; but if it
does not effect any improvement within twenty-four hours, and the
cough has a rattling, sawing sound, I change to hepar, which I
administer in the same manner as Spongia , continuing it as long as it
acts favorably.
“ If Htpar does not improve the case I then give Arsen. [Jahr
would have resorted to Kali bich. at this stage had he known its value],
not only if the children had been affected with nettle-rash shortly
before, but likewise if the weakness and anxiety during the parox¬
ysms reach a very high degree; after giving Arsen., the disease
sometimes remains stationary, so that Hepar , Bell., or Phospk. will
now complete the cure. If the patient does not come under my
treatment until the third stage has set in and exudation is under full
headway, patches of false membrane are raised, the patient looks
pallid as in death, and the face assumes a livid appearance during a
coughing tit, I resort either to Spongia , Hepar , or Kali bich. according
as the symptoms should indicate; and if neither of these remedies
effects the least sign of improvement in twenty-four hours, I have
recourse to Phosph., which has produced splendid effects in my hands
in this stage of croup.
“ I cannot sufficiently warn against the use of large doses in this
stage of the disease. Large doses, instead of promoting the cure by
absorption, as our small doses generally do, cause most generally a
detachment of the false membranes, which may not be a very bad
result as long as the disease is confined to the larynx, trachea and the
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On Membraneous Croup.
121
larger bronchi, from which the detached patches can easily be
expelled by cough.
“ But if the liner bronchial ramifications are invaded, as we know
from post-mortem examinations that they may be, the patient, even
if the membranes are detached dies nevertheless in consequence of
the stoppage of these delicate tubes by the detached membranes that
cannot be coughed up.
“ For this reason I never resort to Arsen, or Bryonia in this last
stage of exudation, since these two remedies, when given in diph-
theritis or pharyngeal croup, which is so nearly analogous to laryn¬
geal croup, only effect a detachment of the pseudo-membranes, but
not, like Phos. and Apis , their absorption.
“How rapidly the process of re-absorption goes on in these dis¬
eases, has been shown to me more than once in pharyngeal croup,
provided 1 had given the right remedy, and it is for this reason that I
do not despair of the good effects of Phos. even in the most extensive
croupy exudation.
“ As regards Apis, I have not yet had a chance to try it in croup ; I
would request my colleagues, if a case of croup comes to them in the
third stage, never to omit a careful exploration of the chest, in order
to ascertain how far the croupy exudation extends and to shape their
prognosis in accordance wiih the results of their examination.
“ If the more delicate bronchial ramifications are invaded and
Phos. does not help in a few hours, the case is beyond our means of
cure. Finally, if the croupy inflammation, in whatever stage it may
be, has been changed to a simple catarrhal irritation, and the follow¬
ing remedies have not yet been made use of, l give for fluent coryza,
Merc.; for dry cough, Cham., Bryonia, Aconite , or Ipecac; for the
hoarseness which sometimes remains for a long time, Phos., Hepar,
Bell., or Carbo veg.; if the hollow cough returns. Bell, or hpongia , and
for a long-lasting mucous expector ation, Hepar or Phos.
In the case of children disposed to a return of croup, if the fol¬
lowing remedies have not yet been used, I have obtained good effects
from Sulphur, Calc., and Phos., giving each remedy at long intervals.”
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122
Puerperal Phlebitis Phlegmasia Dolens. [February 1,
Gynecological Department
PUERPEHAL PHLEBITIS. PHLEGMASIA DOLENS.
BY PROF. J. C. CUMMIKGS, M. D. ST. LOUIS.
Read before the St. Louis Homoeopathic Medical Society.
I think the puerperal form of phlebitis a distinct disease from vari¬
cose veins of the earlier stages of pregnancy. The former is septicemic
in its origin, and is usually confined to one leg. It is an exceedingly
painful disease —and may prove fatal, and often leaves its effects for
months; developing ten days or two weeks after confinement, classi¬
fies it in the family of puerperal diseases. In order to get a clearly
defined idea of the cause of puerperal phlebitis, it is necessary to inves¬
tigate the allied puerperal diseases. For instance uterine phlebitis is
often the cause of phlegmasia dolens. Rockytansky gives among the
causes of these diseases, “ Defective and irregular contraction, and
involution of the uterus. Flabby condition of the womb, effects of
paralyses from exhaustion—or bad effects of instruments. The fundus
may be in an excessive state of contraction, whilst the inferior segment
is in a state of atony and collapse. Paralysis of the placental part of
the uterus, giving rise to haemorrhage several weeks after confinement.
Uterine phlebitis originates in the open mouths of the veins at the
insertion of the placenta; extending along the iliac and crural veins
to the cutaneous veins of the lower extremity.” Thus developing phleg¬
masia dolens. It is also the opinion of Dr. Robert Lee,“ that the inflam¬
mation commenced in the uterine branches of the hypogastric veins,
and from thence extended to the femoral trunk of the affected side.”
Though Drs. Lee and Watson are of the belief, “ that inflammation
of the iliac, and femoral veins give rise to all the phenomena of phleg¬
masia dolens. But its pathology is very far from being settled, accor¬
ding to Meadows. The lymphatic vessels and veins both being
obstructed add much to the gravity of the disease, as well as compli¬
cating its pathology. At one time the absorption of pus was thought
to be the prime cause of phlegmasia dolens, but Virchow has proven
that this cannot be the sole cause. According to this great authority,
pus cannot pass through a lymphatic gland, as pus —it is carried by
the lymphatic vessels into the lymphatic gland, there the watery por-
tains of pus pass through, while the pus cells form a cheesy mass
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Puerperal Phlebitis . Phlegmasia Bolens .
123
which may cause an inflammation, and breaking down of the gland
but this is a new inflammation, and the pus would be obstructed by
the next lymphatic gland. But as pus, it may come to the surface, or
find its way into some cavity, the bronchi or bowels for instance, and
be discharged in that way. The white corpuscles were for a long
time mistaken for pus, and as these corpuscles are often in great
excess during the parturient period, they readily give rise to the pus
theory of puerperal diseases. The psychological causes seem to be
ignored as far as I am able to ascertain the opinion of authorities on
this subject.
Yet we read of a prominent accoucheur, who was so unfortunate in
the great number of puerperal fevers in his practice, that he absented
himself from home for some time, and when he returned, before attend¬
ing a case of confinement, he bathed and dressed himself in new
clothes from head to feet; and yet his first patient had puerperal fever.
This does not prove that there was nothing in the patient herself
predisposing or causing the disease, but it does demonstrate that it was
not caused in this instance at least, by the doctor's clothes. It is
clearly shown by numbers of cases, that puerperal fever may be
excited by erysipelas, or vice versa. Then if puerperpal fever can be
caused in this way why may not phlegmasia dolens be caused in the
same way ? I think a very frequent cause is the attending physician
tearing away the placenta, and not waiting for the uterus to contract,
and throw it off, and close the patulous vessels at the same time.
Rupturing the perineum may be another indirect cause. I think it
more essential to know how to prevent diseases, than to cure them ;
and especially is it deeirable to know how to prevent a disease attended
with so much suffering as the one under consideration. It is nec¬
essary to keep away depressing influences, such as despondent people,
and injudicious subjects. Keep the mental sky always clear. The
close relation between the brain and stomach is known to all physi¬
cians. That between the mind and the uterus, has not been so closely
or often observed. We know that sudden shocks often kill the foetus
in utero; and they must injure the mother to a great extent. Of the
sequels, the most dangerous are blood clots lodging in the pulmonary
arteries. Simpson relates a number of such cases, the patients dying
suddenly two or three weeks after being able to walk about. This
may happen in non-puerperal cases. Paget reports seventeen such
cases. Simpson thinks •* that sometimes the natural plugs in the
veins are carried directly to the pulmonary arteries,” without there
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124
Puerperal Phlebitis Phlegmasia Dolens. [February
being auy phlebitis whatever. Phlegmasia dolens may be mistaken
for rheumatism. Blit the case following close after confinement, “the
pretematurally white, firm, hot and shining appearance of the limb,
sometimes only involving the calf of the leg; not pitting on pressure.
Tenderness along the course of the femoral vein. Loss of power of the
affected limb, and the high temperature compared with the other
members of the body,” will enable us to make a correct diagnosis.
The treatment is very unsatisfactory. Pulsatilla controls the inflam¬
mation of the veins slowly. Arsenicum relieves restlessness, and pros¬
tration, and prevents gangrene in many cases, aud is one of our best
remedies. Should mortification ensue, Lachesis and tiecale comutum
must not be forgotten. Dr. Meadows “first, envelopes the whole
limb in a hot turpentine stupe, to be repeated for half an hour, two
or three times a day, and the leg to be kept in the interval wrapped
up in hot linseed meal poultice.”
I think a better plan is to apply the hot turpeutine for ten or fifteen
minutes and then wrai» the limb with flannel saturated with fluid ex¬
tract of Hamamelis. The turpentine burns so the patient will not let it
remain long at a time, and if repeated too often, will blister the leg.
As the pain is confined mostly to the calf, it may be better to restrict
the turpentine to this portion of the limb. Also a very soothing, and
beneficial application suggested by Dr. Collisson, is a liniment com¬
posed of Chloroform , Glycerine and Rhus tox .
After the acute stage, a bandage applied from the toes to the hip,
will give great relief, and hasten recovery.
DISCUSSION OF DR. UUMMING’S PAPER.
Dr. Collisson—I think this is a subject of considerable interest. In
the treatment of this disease I have been successful with hot fomen¬
tations at first; and Chlorofoim liniment referred to.
Arsenicum is the main remedy internally. Pulsatilla has little ef¬
fect, until the condition is that, as known as milk leg. Veratrum veride
is good in the inflammatory stage.
There is much controversy on the pathology of this disease. My
theory is, that it is caused by the pressure upon the vessels in the lat¬
ter part of pregnancy, obstructing circulation in the lower extremities.
Patients usually complain of being lame in the limb, before the at¬
tack. I do not think it is caused by clots, or by tearing away the pla¬
centa, or by judicious use of instruments. I think it results from
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1880.]
125
Puerperal Phlebitis. Phlegmasia Dolens.
the slow, inflammatory condition which exists before labor, and some
fault in delivery or constitutional trouble may be added causes.
Dr. Comstock—I believe the disease is very frequently traumatic;
that many of the cases are the result of meddlesome midwifery. Few of
the doctors who graduated over twelve years ago, understood the
mechanism of labor. They committed many sins of omission and com¬
mission, and many post-partum troubles were the result of officious
examination. One of the common errors was the early rupture of the
membranes, which I think is a very unwise proceeding, but which
has been advised by high authorities. Only two years ago, two emi¬
nent doctors in a British medical society declared themselves in favor
of rupturing the membranes, when the os was dilated to the size of a
silver dollar. This opinion or instruetion as it really was, was pub¬
lished and was allowed to go unquestioned. In my practice, I very
seldom rupture the membranes, whatever may be the amount of the
dilatation, so long as the labor is progressing and the woman doing
well. I do not wish to be understood as saying that I never rupture
them, because I do, when I think I have a good reason: such, for in¬
stance, as paralysis of the uterus, from overdistention of the waters;
but I think it is better not to do it at all, unless actually necessary.
Another cause productive of much mischief at the present time, and
one indulged in by many doctors, and all midwives, is that of pulling
away the placenta, if it is not expelled within five minutes after the
birth of the child. All that is necessary in most cases, where there is
any delay in the expulsion of the placenta, is to excite contraction by
pressing the hand on the fundus of the uterus, without ever examin¬
ing to see if the placenta is coming away.
If necessary, I continue the pressure one half an hour, or an hour,
and I have the placenta delivered by uterine contraction if it is possi¬
ble. When this is done, there will be no subsequent trouble in ninety
cases out of a hundred.
As I have said, I think this disease, phlegmasia dolens often results
from traumatism. I think it may also result from improper involu¬
tion with deranged lochia. In nearly all cases there is a stoppage or
derangement of the lochia. Also a lingering labor might cause it.
In the treatment I have used Turpentine , //am., Chloroform liniment
and Aconite externally, and Ars., Aconite , Bell, and Mercurius inter¬
nally. It is a serious disease, and apt to be chronic.
Sometimes a pain in the knee lasts for years.
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126
\
Puerperal Phlebitis . Phleqmasia Dolens . [February 1,
Dr. Parsons—I would like to ask if peritonitis ever complicates this
disease ? and I would like to know whether Dr. Comstock ever uses
intra-uterine injections in its treatment.
Dr. Comstock—Where there is little or no lochia discharge with a
fetid smell, I use a solution of Phenol-sodique , a preparation of pure
Carbolic acid and Soda introduced by French pharmacists. I use it in
the proportion of from 1-50 to 1*100 with water.
When the os is widely open, there is no particular danger in injec¬
tions carefully given. Years ago I used simply warm water , Cha-
momila tea , or infusion of Cinchona.
Dr. Parsons—There are facts which indicate that phlegmasia does
not begin at the uterus; the dise «se generally seems to begin at the
bottom of the limb, and to extend upward.
Generally there is no tenderness at the femoral ring in the beginning
of the disease.
Inflammatory troubles ordinarily extend in the direction of the
circulation, and not against it. If this inflammation begin in the
uterus 1 should expect it to extend the other way. Still there are
cases that I have no doubt do begin there. Cases sometimes occur in
the non-puerperal state, that cannot be distinguished from ordinary
phlegmasia, except from the absence of uterine complications. Dur¬
ing the prevalence ot this disease, the secretion of milk is sometimes
diminished and sometimes not. It does not always begin with the
secretion of milk; it sometimes commences earlier; sometimes later.
In the treatment mentioned, nothing has been said about position.
I always elevate the limb in the puerperal or non-puerperal patient.
Less blood enters the limb, there are less pains, less exudation, and
less swelling.
In regard to the medical treatment, I have nothing to add.
Sometime since I read an account of a chronic case that was cured
by ligating the femoral artery; an operation also recommended for
elephantiasis.
Dr. Bahrenburg—I recall one case of milk leg; the woman had been
delivered twice with instruments. Her abdomen and leg had been en¬
larged for months; 1'urpentine and warm clothes were applied locally,
and Sulphur was given one week, and stopped for a week, then Sepia
was given. Phos. 3x was given to finish the case; the woman entirely
recovered, was delivered a third time, by a midwife, and has had no
subsequent trouble. She was formerly plethoric, but after the use of
the remedies, she was diminished in size.
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1880.]
The Post Partum Bandage.
127
"THE POST PAHTUM BANDAGE.”
RY R. D. CONNELL, M. D., COLUMBU8, OHIO.
This is the heading of an article in July 15th number, 1879, by R.
W. Nelson, which I wish to review. It would seem the doctor takes
the ground in favor of the bandage, if by his article we are to judge
him. The doctor starts out, that “ the uterus is a strong muscular
body containing within it the growth of the future species, until it is
ready to come forth, and live by its own vital organs; and as the
foetus grows, the uterus has to expand and its muscular power
increase developing; it is, therefore, as it were, constantly on the
strain.” Now I take exception to his conclusions as the act of gesta¬
tion is a natural process, as much so as the growth of man, and not
necessarily any strain, but development by laws of nature, and if we
are to draw any conclusions, better prepared to resist all outside
influences. Nature first prepares the house all through the natural
world, and we are to infer the uterus first undergoes the changes, and
the foetus afterwards, not the reverse, as the doctor would have the
reader to understand. Finally the process of evolution is complete,
nature’s work done if not interfered with, and the last stroke is to be
enacted ; there is a process of dilatation and contraction of the fibers
composing the uterus, and the contents expelled by it, with the aid
of the voluntary and involuntary muscles. From this he goes on and
states “ it is the same as any other overwrought muscle, while
though it may be able to sustain its tonicity, yet with a properly
applied bandage it can do it a great deal better.” Now I ask the
question, does nature provide herself with its needs? if so, are not
the uterus and parts prepared for their work ? And “no maybe”
about it, I answer yes. And only as nature is interfered with and
thwarted by doctors and nurses, meddlesomeness as weli as the
patients abuse of herself, do we have trouble. It being an abnormal
instead of a normal condition, a result ot nature's laws, and instead
of lack of tone we ought to expect and do get “ tone” as we never get
in overwrought muscles ; one is a natural phenomenon, the other is
unnatural. Now how, through w r hat process, does the bandage assist
nature to overcome the lack of tone of the parts if it should occur ?
Is it because, like physicing, bleeding, etc., having been the custom
of medical men in the past, who looked at all men who advanced a
new thought as quacks and fools ? Is that the reason ? If not, what
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128
The Post Partum Bandage.
[February 1,
is? What are the physiological conditions? In what way does it
assist to tone the parts, or rather in what way may it not overcome
the tone ? The doctor makes the broad assertion, but we want pronf
or at least a plausible reason ; perhaps a “ properly applied bandage ”
will let him out, by applying it for instance to the bedpost. fcl Para-
ceteses abdominis ” he gives as proof; let us see. In that trouble
we get a weakened condition, a want of tone, a flabby state of all
internal organs; they are being supported by the fluid, that being
held in place by the walls of the abdomen. It is now removed, and
until the parts accustom themselves to the change there is to that
extent collapse; in the other the opposite is the result. You have a
uterus in the natural condition weighing one and one-half to three
ounces, now weighing from one and one-half to three and one-half
pounds, filled with the richest blood the system is able to give; the
bowels are also working with increased vigor as well as all internal
viscera, instead of an increased , you wish a diminished action and
must get it, if the patient does well, a condition to continue to the
end of absorption. Therefore, there is no comparison in the two
states or conditions, the results to be obtained in one case will not
answer for the other. With one decreased muscular strength, the
other increased; also that it will expel clots and prevent others form¬
ing.
I again ask how ? Let us for a moment consider the anatomical
relation* of the parts. In health you have the fundus of the uterus
about level with the brim of the pelvis looking downwards and back¬
wards at right angles with the superior strait held in place by the
round, broad anterior and posterior ligaments. The three last set of
ligaments only folds of the peritoneum; the other or round set of
nervo-muscular fibres passing downwards and forwards and lost in
the labia majora; the bladder in front, the rectum behind. What
are the conditions to be aimed at and what are the conditions to
fear? In the first place, is it not to get perfect contraction and tone
of all ligaments ? and in the last to prevent all misplacements and
weaknesses ? If the first is desirable, will you b * as likely to have
favorable results by mal-position of parts as without? Can nature
work as readily interfered with as without ? And does the bandage
so interfere with nature’s work ? Let us see. The walls of the
abdomen are increased, the amount of adipose tissue in the omentum
the same, the uterus very much enlarged as in fact all internal organs
for the reason they have had the economy of two beings to provide
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The Post Partum Bandage.
129
for instead of one. The bandage is applied, it is over a cavity, the
result of expulsion of foetus«and appendage; parts are loosely placed
in opposition but the bandage is drawn tighter and tighter, and as a
result the parts brought closer and closer until all the parts are
crowded into each other; the uterus is thrown into a distorted
mass ; perhaps, at its mouth a pouch is formed, or it is crowded
against the neck of the bladder, and retention of urine follows to still
occupy space and push the uterus back against the rectum, which in
turn refuses to pass its contents; one complication paving the way
for another. Where are your clots? The way for their escape is
prevented, being held in uterus by conditions mentioned, the uterus
made unnecessarily large, contraction prevented, and as a result
hsemorrhage follows, only to increase the troubles already too great.
But I think I hear some one say, apply the bandage so as to press
up, instead of downwards; if pressure is made at all, the parts all
being yielding they must yield in every direction. And I here deny
that any bandage will do anything else than what I have stated.
Some may press worse than others, but all press so as to crowd the
whole contents of the abdomen together and out of place, instead of
lying loosely as nature intended, so as to get rest for the reabsorbed.
Man comes in with his wisdom and sets nature on the back seat and
attempts to drive for her, by the world’s wonder, ”the bandage.”
But how about the patient’s feeling ? They feel so much more com¬
fortable for a time; that may be so, for there is quite a change ;
before, the parts were snug together; now, loosely placed one with
the other, but just as nature intended. And it is no more of an
argument than giving Morphia , being a friend in disguise, an enemy
in the end.
But its power to reduce the form, the popular belief handed from
mother to child, from doctor to patient, is too absurd to be laughable.
That a person can get reabsorption by any such means, but lay it on
the camel’s back not properly applied.” Well said, for if applied at
all it is true, and the sooner the medical world drops such an idea the
sooner will it command respect from those who reason from cause to
effect, for the bandage can only force the uterus down into the pelvis
when it ought to ride above, for a time producing prolapsus, indura¬
tion, and hypertrophy, with all their train of misery and suffering.
And as to enlarged form, all will not be alike, some will be larger
than others, for the reason reabsorption and contraction of muscular
system as well as the adipose tissue is not carried on to as full an
Digitized by t^ooQie
130
On Gynaecological Manipulations. [February 1,
extent, but if my reasoning is ri^ht, they all will be smaller than if
we use the bandage, for it can only weaken and distort as far as itjis
possible for such a thing to do it. And I think experience of those
who do not use the bandage will demonstrate the fact, at least that is
my experience in cases I have noted. And all hail the day when it
will not only be “ fashionable ” but the only practice in the human
family as in the animal raoe, to discard the old time honored and
much “ improperly applied bandage.”
ON GYNAECOLOGICAL MANIPULATIONS.
In the last number of The Investigator, pages 21 and 22, is an arti¬
cle on “ Gynaecological Manipulations,” which in my opinion requires
a careful scrutiny, if not a total dissent from the method of treat¬
ment therein explained.
If such “ manipulations ” are not a part of a trick to act upon the
credulity of innocent patients, then, in my judgement, the practice of
medicine does not furnish any. What absurdity for a doctor to man¬
ipulate a lady patient in that manner and claim that he is “ stretching
the contracted cords ” of the “ uterus!” It is plain enough that by
this means and the “ rubbing ” further described that “ doctor” must
have spent a good share of his efforts on the clitoris and external
genitals with what result can be easily imagined.
Such a“ doctor” may pass for a time as a -‘powerful magnetic
healer ” but he is a fraud. They sometimes come this way and man¬
ipulate many patients for a time. They are called “ paw doctors ” and
their popularity is not lasting. If, as your correspondent says, “ many
have tried to learn of the doctor but he never found one yet that was
willing to continue the practice.” It is a credit to his students and
their sex as men.
Whatever the “ success ” of that doctor may be, I hope he will find
no imitators in our school of practice.
A case in point: Some time ago a medical acquaintance treated a
young lady for prolapsus by these, or similar, manipulations. Each
time she experienced a sensation which, as she described it, seemed
“ like a streak of lightening going through her.” The patient is said
to have made, together with medicines, a speedy recovery, but on the
parents of the patient being informed of the method of practice, it was
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1880.]
Around the College World.
181
considered abuse, and the doctor censured by them and his profes¬
sional colleagues.
If no better adjuvants to the treatment of our patients than this
can be found, it is best to discard them all and adhere to the old
land-marks. E. R. E.
College News.
AROUND THE COLLEGE WORLD.
CLEVELAND HOMEOPATHIC HOSPITAL COLLEGE.
Cleveland is an enterprising, independent city. VVe arrived as they
were extinguishing the electric lights that render Monument Park as
light as day. This is an innovation characteristic of the city that has
the second Homoeopathic College in the world; established in 1849,
having added to our ranks over 1,000 physicians.
Professor Sanders and pleasant family gave us a very cordial wel¬
come to his elegant home. He has a very choice practice but took
time to show us the sights.
The new hospital looms up as the central figure in Cleveland. It is
certainly a model in its way. Professor D. H. Beckwith, who has
made hospital construction a special study, took great pride in point¬
ing out to us its peculiar features. The arrangement differs entirely
from anything of the kind we ever visited. It’s chief features are the
ventilation. heating and isolation possible. It is more like a large
convenient home than a hospital. It was not quite completed. Prof.
Beckwith promised us a full description of this model hospital.
One of the conveniences we found in friend Beckwith’s very con¬
venient office is for numbering prescriptions so that he can tell the
remedy always. Here is his list of remedies with their sign number :
1
JEsculus hip.
12
Arnica.
22
Bryonia.
2
Atropine.
13
Apis, met.
23
Bichro pot.
3
Acid mur.
134
Apocynum , c on.
234
Cactus grand.
4
Acid mtric.
14
Arsenicum.
24
Calc. curb.
5
Acid phos.
15
Aurum.
244
Calc. acet.
6
Acid sul.
16
Aloes.
24$
Calc. phos.
7
Aconite.
17
Baryta c.
25
' Camphor.
8
Alumina.
174
Baptisia tine.
26
Cannabis .
9
Ant. tart.
18
Belladonna.
27
Cantharis.
10
Ant. crud.
19
Bromine.
28
Capsicum.
11
Ammon c.
20
Borax.
29
Carbo a.
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132
Around the Colleqe World.
(February 1
30
Carbo. v.
53
Glonoine.
81
Phospfamts.
m
Caulophyllum
534
Hammelis.
82
Platina.
31
Causticum
54
Jiepar sul.
83
Pulsatilla.
32
Chamomilla.
55
Helleborus.
84
Plumbum.
33
China.
55*
Hydrastis.
85
I* rot kg.
34
Chelidon.
56
Hyoscyamus.
85*
Prinos.
35
Gina.
57
Ignatia.
86
Podophyl.
35*
Cinnibaris.
58
Ipecac.
87
Rhus. tox.
36
(heat a,
59
Iodine.
88
Rheum.
37
Oocculns.
594
Jod. of Dot.
89
Ruta.
as
('affi a.
59|
Irts vir.
90
Sabina.
39
Gin nonton.
60
Kali ettrb.
91
tSanyumari.
40
('ole hie urn.
61
Kreasotum.
92
Santonine.
40*
Clematis.
62
Kali Inch
93
ISambucus.
41
Colocynthi.
63
Lachesis.
94
Secalc.
42
Comum.
54
Ledum.
95
iSepiu.
42*
Copuivn.
64*
Leptandra Hr.
97
tiilicea.
43
Cuprttm.
65
Lycopodium.
98
Spigelia.
43*
Coral, rub.
66
Laurocerasus.
99
Spongia.
44
Crttcus. sat.
67
Loljeliu.
100
Stannum
444
Croton tig.
674
Macrotin.
101
Staphysagria .
45
JJigUalis.
69
Mercurius sol.
102
stramonium.
45*
Jrioscorea.
70
Mercurius cor.
103
Sulphur.
40
isroseia.
70*
Mercurius den.
103*
Succinum.
47
Dulcamara.
71
Mercunus viv.
104
Terebinth.
47*
Eupatonum.
71*
MercuHus dul.
106
Thuja o.
48
Euphrasia,
73
Mezereum.
107
Urtica u.
49
Felix mtts.
76
Katrum mur.
108
Verat alb.
51
Fe rum.
77
Kux vom.
109
Vervt vir.
51*
(jelsennum.
79
Opium.
110
Zincum.
52
Graphites.
80
Petroleum.
Prof. Baxter piloted us through the convenient college building.
We were arrested by the fascinating lecture by Prof. J. Edwards
Smith on Salts, their chemical composition and microscopic appear¬
ance.
We were introduced to the large fine class of 150 earnest men and
women, and we must make “a speech.” What better illustration
of the neecessity fora good knowledge of chemistry than in the study
of Alkaline vs. Acid Children and their food. Acidity means decay,
so the effort of the physician is to get his thin scrawny acid children
into a plump alkaline state. We sketched the chemical difference and
tried to make a point, that while the selection of the food was guided
by con f raria, the selection of the remedy was governed by similia .
Adhering to contraria was conclusive proof that our Allopathic friends
are not out of hygiene—children in therapeutics governed by their
“ tastes.”
By the way Prof. Smith is a microscopic hero of no small repute. He
is known in all microscopic circles in all countries as being able to get
out of a microscope more than was deemed possible. It is well known
that a revolution has taken place in microscopes. They are cheaper
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1880 .]
Consultation Department .
138
and better. A1-6 objective is now more valuable for work than a
1-16 or 1-26 was years ago. This is a saving to the buyer of from $50
to $100 or more. Prominent in bringing about this change has been
Prof. Smith, who championed the cheap and effective lenses and who
44 fought objectives ” with the most noted in the land. He has pre¬
pared a work, “ How to See with the Microscope,” that tells all about
this subject. It will be a practical work and one that every physician
should read, as it differs from any book yet printed. We have arranged
to publish it.
Prof. Jones followed with an interesting clinical lecture. Clinics
abound in this college. Two dispensaries furnish plenty of material.
The ladies, under the skillful management of Prof. Bigger, conduct
one very large dispensary. The faculty promised our readers some
clinical lectures, which will doubtless be interesting as well as valu¬
able.
Cleveland has two pharmacies, Witte’s and Pettet’s. Enterprising
Witte manufactures Sugar of Milk. Pettet is well known as the 44 Fdc-
cine Virus man.” Cleveland has an able body of earnest Homoeopath-
ists. The medical atmosphere is stimulating. Quill.
Consultation Department.
ANSWER TO CASE.
In answer to Dr. deVillenenvue’s case of ascarides I would ptate
that Ether has never yet failed me when given by enema in the pro- •
portion of from one to three minims to eight ounces of water. I think
that if the operation is thoroughly performed it will never fail; other¬
wise it should be repeated in about fifteen or twenty days.
M. R. Culliso?
ANSWER TO CASE.
Page 90 January 16th Investigator, 1880, case for counsel by S. i>
T. There is nothing given in this case by which one could select the
remedy with any degree of certainty. The time the child has been
paralyzed does not appear. Nor does he give us the probable cause of
the paralysis. I should mistrust some spinal trouble, and would call
attention to Bhus tox , Hypericum per. Calcarea carb. or Cate. phos.
E. L. Roberts.
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134
Consultation Department .
[February 1
“ CURE FOR WORMS.”
In reply to A. B. de Yilleneuve’s request for a remedy for “ ascar -
ides,” I would state that I have obtained more satisfaction from
Urtica urens than from any other of our remedies. Five or ten drops
1st dec. attenuation, according to the age of the patient, given at one-
dose, will ofteh afford relief for months ; and if repeated at long inter*
vals, would frequently seem to remove the trouble altogether.
J. A.
BENZOIC ACID IN ENURESIS.
Allow me to thank J. W. M. for information on page 114 February
number. Not being able to get the tincture I used the first decimal
trituration three or four grains in half a glass of water. A teaspoonful
every three hours, cured a girl of sixteen who had “always wet the
bed,” and secured me the lasting gratitude and the future practice in
the family. Several Allopathic physicians (V) had given the case up.
It took a month to cure her. Long Island.
THE ASTHMA CASE
for council in December 15th number, calls for Argentum nitricum, but
it should be given not lower than the 30th. “ Short breathing with deep
sighs; much oppression; violent attacks of dry spasmodic asthma, forc¬
ing him to rise and walk about.” “ Spasms of the respiratory muscles;
great constriction and stitches in the epigastrium; cannot talk; drink¬
ing suffocates; even a handkerchief before the nose impedes breathing ;
agony, thinks of killing himself.” “Awakes with attacks of suffocation.”
see that invaluable work — Guiding Symptoms — which should be on
the shelves of every Homoeopathic physician. We all owe a debt to Dr.
Hering which we cannot pay and the least we can do is to buv his
books to show that we appreciate his self sacrificing labors for nearly
fifty-four years. C. B. Gilbert.
ascarides.
On page 45, of The Investigator, Jan. 1,1880, A. B. deV.,asks.
u What is the curative treatment for ascarides? ” my treatment and
cure, is, to stop the cause, and treat the effects. It is an observed fact,
that they breed once in four weeks or every moon. If removed from
the patient there are none to breed. If the patient is not fed food that
produces the pest , there, will be none. First stop the use of all candies,
sugar, and sweets of all kinds, feed three times a day, and no luncheon,
on good wholesome food. Give Teucrium. 2x dilution No. 35 pills four
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1880 .]
Consultation Department.
135
times a day for two months. When the child complains. “ Turn them
up,” and the mother or nurse can remove the u winters,” with the
finger, then drop a few drops of sweet oil and use a little salt and water,
and when they bite again, remove them and so on till the child is
relieved which operations may have to be repeated for two or three
nights, when all will be well till four weeks, when the same treatment is
necessary. I have never had to repeat but twice usually once.
W. W. French.
8TJGAR IN DIPHTHERIA.
Did you ever use white sugar as a topical application in diphtheria?
Paget says, I believe, “ that in fibrinus exudates the deposit is thrown
out from nucleated blastema ” and “ cellular exudates from nucleated
cells” following the law of the greater the supply, the poorer the qual¬
ity, where the exudate is very profuse it is a soft plutaceous mass, can
hardly sustain its vitality, so portions of it die, and, like other cell
matter, suffers putrefaction; and in this putrifying state, there is
plenty of room for the micrococcus, etc., but as common white sugar
will destroy excessive granulation and “ melt away proud flesh ”
better than any thing I have tried, why can it not destroy, this
exuberant cell growth that comes from the same nucleated cell but
with diminished vitality, and by so doing destroy the “ Pyine ” prin¬
cipal that poisons the system by absorption more and more. Do not
understand me as thinking this a local disease, it is a haem atoxic dis¬
ease and by its specific influence causes an inflammation of the throat
This deposit (excretion) is a result of this inflammatory process, and
the putrescence, a result of the low vitality of the matter exudated,
and the low vitality is due to the abundant formation, and what a
splendid nidus for “ Micrococcus ” to bask under the swaying branches
of the “ Penicollium Glaucum,” or to serenade Mrs. Bacteria, who has
been rocked to sleep upon a pus cell or playing hide and seek within the
darkened borders of the “diplosporium fuscum ” with the gentleman
from New York. With a microscope, these Exudates are called
u tritoxid ” how natural that a hybocarben should destroy and sugar I
believe is the thing, of course it is conjecture , and I ask your attention.
I have only treated three cases after this plan, all recovered. They all
liked the sugar the first two or three days then it made their throat
smart and needed some coaxing to take it. This may be an old idea but
I have never beard of it. It is certainly worth trying with sugar at ten
cents a pound and funerals a hundred dollars apiece. C. W. H.
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136
Consultation Department .
[February 1,
WHAT WILL CURE V
My wife aged fifty, medium height, plump, hair dark, eyes blue,
weight in health from 180 to 196 pounds, not much inclined to corpu¬
lency ; temperature nervo-sanguine; appetite not very good ; bowels
at times costive, at other times about normal. She has practiced
midwifery for the last twenty years, up to about the last five months.
She had to stop, on account of her flooding after each case attended
to. Her menses have been irregular for the last four or five years;
sometimes every two weeks, sometimes every three, scarcely ever,
going to the fourth ; at times she w r ould almost flood to death, without
any warning. For the last two and a half years her feet and legs
would swell up to her knees, in daytime, would go down partially at
night. I concluded it was the change of life working upon her.
In September 1878, she had an ovarian abscess of each ovary ; both
broke and discharged their contents into the abdominal cavity; she
immediately became delirious; a cold death-like perspiration set in
immediately over the entire body. Her pulse ran up to 140 beats per
minute; her heart’s beat could be heard in any part of the room;
she vomited a green bile every time any fluid was drank. We
reduced the heart’s action with the cold sheet and other seemingly
indicated remedies; we succeeded in taking her through that trying
ordeal of septic poisoning. She enjoyed moderate good health during
last winter up to June; we discovered a sort of a pitted ulcer on the
anterior left half of the cervix and os uteri, which has grown slowly
at each monthly, becoming very small under my treatment between
the monthlies, but in spite of my best treatment will increase again
in size at the month. Her menses are at present regular every four
weeks; when they come they last about six days. The ulcer projects
about from one-half to three-fourths of an inch ; it has a granulated
head ; some of the first pits filled up with granulation and healed up ;
other granulations appear to remain about the same. For the last three
months at the menses she has had a severe, ovarian neuralgia; pains
from either and both ovaries, direct to the sacrum. The left is some¬
what enlarged and indurated and remains so from one month to the
next. There is now a small lump, growing and increasing in size,
about opposite and on the left half of the promontory of the sacrum
and on the edge of the same; she complains of a constant, dull,
aching pain in the same. Her urine at those times almost dries up t
with a constant desire to pass more; when she does pass a little prob¬
ably not more than two or three tablespoonfuls, she complains of a
Digitized by ^ooQie
Consultation Department,
1
terrible pressure at the orifice of the urethra; uriue voided, at times
clear as usual, at another passage in perhaps one hour, a grayish pus¬
like sediment will be deposited on the vessel; no two voidings are of
the same color at times. Perhaps I might do better if it was not the
wife of my youth that I have to treat. Now any one of our school
that can and will assist me with their counsel, stating medicines,
potencies, etc., Will confer a lasting favor. The results will be
reported through The Investigator. H. C. Hullinoer.
CASE FOR COUNSEL.
Mrs. S., widow aged forty-nine, medium size, good form, brown
hair and eyes, nervo-bilious temperament, has been ailing for a num¬
ber of years. Complains of a bad feeling in her head and the whol e
length of her back, and by spells an undescribable feeling all over
which may last but for an instant, or at times it lasts for an hour or
two, and when it does is accompanied by terrible headaches which
extends from the eyes all over the head and down the spine, and at
the same time a disagreeable feeling in the stomach, sometimes
amounting to a severe pain. (Ant, crud. relieves this pain). Appe¬
tite good, bowels regular, urine normal in appearance but has not
been subjected to critical tests. Generally sleeps well nights, but
is miserable as soon as she wakes. Can not confine herself to
reading, writing, work, or even close thinking without causing*
such a confused feeling in her head, blur before the eyes, and an
“ indescribable feeling ” (she calls it) all over. Her gait is somewhat
impaired; walks like a drunken man, seems as if she would tip over;
her feet and lower limbs feel queer, not really loss of motion or
sensation, but feel as if they were not hers. Has been under Allo¬
pathic treatment for past ten years, for the pains in her head and
back. Has had her back blistered the whole length with Cantharides T
Tartar emetic, etc.; has had it painted with Iodine and cupped, etc.
(No benefit). Previous to ten years ago she had used freely for a
long time a hair dye, made of Sugar of Lead , Cantharides and Sulphur.
One other symptom I forgot to mention, an intolerable itching at the
anus, which troubled her mostly just at night for which she found no
relief until she used locally Hydrate of Chloral dissolved in water 1 to
50. Has been under my treatment for about two months, and the
best indicated remedies so far have only given palliative relief.
Opinions in regard to diagnosis, prognosis and treatment would be
thankfully received. Has the hair dye anything to do with the pres¬
ent troubles ? J. E. S.
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138
Consultation Department
[February 1
“MALE LEUCORRHOEA.”
Is there such a thing as male leucorrhoea? Mr. E., has been under
my care for a long time, troubled with what our physicians call “ male
leucorrhoea.” My patient is a man aged thirty-eight years, rather
under medium hight, very chunky and weighs a hundred and eighty
pounds, hair dark brown, clear eyes, clear healthy features,
very actively engaged in his business, not the least inclined to hypo¬
chondriasis, or sedentary habits; principal vocation, speculator, or as
we call it in the west, “ trader.” He has been married thirteen years.
During the war, and while in the service, had a slight attack of gon¬
orrhoea. When he came home, had a very bad case of what I suppose,
from the description, to be gonorrhoeal ophthalmia, and was cured in
“ the good old way,” by blistering the whole length of the spinal col¬
umn. Never was adicted to self abuse in any shape, is perfectly tem¬
perate in everying except using tobacco, (chews all the time.) Has
had several severe attacks of urethral calculi, with all the excru¬
ciating pain that could possibly accompany such a disease; and when
it would attack him it lasted from two to three months at a time, by
the help of the “regulars.” Has always been treated by Allopathic phy¬
sicians, except the last four years, he has been under my care and has
not suffered from the urethral calculi since I first treated him for it.
Ever since he has had the urethral calculi, he has been troubled with a
discharge more or less all the time, like he had chronic gonorrhoea.
The discharge is yellow, sticky and puslike; and there is always
some of it to be seen at the end of the peni9. Is it male leucorrhoea,
and what is the remedy? I have used Cannabis sativa , also injected
Calendula, and Hydrastis can . in connection with a thorough hygenic
treatment. I forgot to mention that, he has a burning sensation at
times, seeming to be from the neck of the bladder to the end of the
penis, also a symptom as of a bug crawling in the region of the prostate
gland. He has always been troubled with pin worms. Biding horse
back will very much aggravate the discharge and pain. His wife has,
ever since she was married, been troubled with leucorrhoea, sometimes
very bad; this is the symptom that his old physicians hinged their
diagnosis, and they may be correct, what say you?
E. M. Harrison.
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1880 .]
Clinical Observations .
13
Therapeutical Department
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS.
REPORTS FROM THE FIELD OF PRACTICE.
Shenandoah, Pa., Jan. 13.—We are having a very open winter
which is hard on chronic pulmonary cases; have scarlet fever, malig¬
nant type. Aconite, Bell. and Carb. ammonium , cure most of cases.
Wishing you a happy New Year. E. C. H.
Monticello, Ind., Jan. 16.—Healthiest season known for years.
Many suffering from severe colds at presert. A few cases of pneu¬
monia scattered over a wide range of territory. Remedies indicated:
Aconite, Bell ., Bry. alb., Phos. J. B. Dunham.
Mechanic Falls, Me., Jan. 20.— Prevailing diseases are: Bron¬
chitis, pneumonia and tonsillitis. Remedies used: Aconite , Bell.,
Bryonia, Merc, and Sulph. W. Watters.
Brinton, Utah, Jan. 16.—Prevailing diseases are: Pneumonia,
influenza. The health of our country is generally good, with the
above exceptions. Remedies used for the first. Gels., Bapt., Phos.,
Verat. vir. For the second, Allium cepa , Euphrasia , Verat. vir.
H. C. Hullinger.
Swanton, Vt., Jan. 20.—We are having what is called an u open
winter,” scarcely any snow as yet; changes in the weather are very
8udden,a great deal of south wind accompanied by rain. The pre¬
vailing diseases are colds, with more or less sore throat, and in some
cases diphtheritic deposit. Two children have died with the croupous
form of diphtheria. One, a boy nine years of age. son of an Allo¬
pathic physician; the other was a child, aged four years. This form
of the disease seems to prove fatal in the majority of cases. Can
any one recommend a satisfactory treatment in these cases V
C. J. Farley.
Great Belt, Pa., Jan. 23.— The prevailing diseases are : Diph¬
theria, malignant and mild; many cases of the latter are made
malignant and fatal by Allopathic medication; this time only five
died out of ten children in one family. I lost my first case out of
nineteen, or rather I was selected to prescribe for this fatal case. In
an active practice of nearly seventeen years this is the only loss in
Digitized by t^ooQie
140
Notes from Practice.
[February
diphtheria. The nineteen are recent cases. Scarlatina came ushered
in with fourth patient in a family having diphtheria; the scarlet
color warned me on first sight. P. S. Duff.
CASES FROM PRACTICE.
CASES OF DIPHTHERIA (four).
Fauces vivid red color; deposits, thick grayish-white exudation;
loss of strength; chills; nasal discharges; pain in the limbs and back;
brilliant eye; dry hot skin; no appetite; dyspnoea; membranes
formed into casts. Pulse quick and feeble. Remedies, Rapt., Merc,
cyan., Phyt., Kali. perm. Temperature, 99° to 104°.
CASES OF DIPHTHERITIC SORE THROAT (eight Cases).
Fauces dark red, motly hue; deposits, muddy-grayish exudation;
full strength; light catarrhal fever; pulse full, but small; pain in
head and throat; tonsils swollen; bowels confined; cool skin; depos¬
its reappear when gargled off and bleed, deeply eaten in ; pain in ear.
Temperature, 90° to 94°. Recovery, 97° to 98°. Remedies, Ars. chin,
3x, Bell, lx, Phyt., Kali perm, gargle.
3 Aqua pura ?iv ( Cochl. parv.
tip. Fermenti *j (omn. quadr. hor.
DIPHTHERITIC SORE THROAT.
Complication cum rotheln, Ars chin., Rhus tox. Temperature, 94*
to 97°; cum scarlatina. Bell, lx, Aconite lx, Phyt. lx. Temperature,
91° to 104°. (Four cases). J. I. O. Meade.
CLINICAL MEMORANDA.
Cicuta viresa has proven very useful to me in cases of neuralgia at
the nape of the neck, with tendency to drawing of head backward and
of dull occipital headache, both of which are so common in malarious
districts. It has for a long time been my intention to write out a com¬
parative study of this remedy and its relative, Conium maculatum, but
want of time prevents. The latter drug was styled by Bernitz and
Goupil some years ago, 4 *the opium of the female genital organs,” and
although it has become something of an aphorism to Homoepaths that
it is " especially suitable for old men,” so far as my experience goes it
has seemed to be equally a remedy for woman m various disorders of
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Medical JV«.io
the sexual system, notably multiform ovarian disturbances, and cases
of mammary tumors at their beginning. Several cases of the latter, of
suspicious or at least doubtful i character have entirely disappeared
under the use of the Conium , and this with no local or other treatment
whatever, except the injunction to prevent pressure of the clothing,
pads, etc., upon the gland. It may be said that these tumors were
shown to be benign by the result, and very likely they were. But the
appearance of any “ lump ” in the breast is certain to give the patient
no little anxiety, and she is very glad to be rid of it.
I have always used the 30th, or a higher potency of these remedies,
and am governed by the concomitant symptoms in their choice.
B. H. Cheney.
Medical News.
Banquet.— The third annual banquet of the Alumni Association of
the Homoeopathic Medical College of Missouri will be held on the
evening of the college commencement, March 11. Desired informa¬
tion may be obtained of the secretary.
W. B. Morgan, 3726 N. 10th St., St. Louis.
Drs. C. T. & M. C. Harris has removed from Ypsilanti, Mich. ,to
Syracuse, N. Y., on account of climate. Dr. H. is author of The
ifurse. a practical man, and a Large addition to the fraternity of
Syracuse.
HomoeopcUky Ahead.— Quite a breeze was created in the California
Legislature when the name of C. W. Breyfogle, M. D., came up for
confirmation as member of the State Board of Health, but Homce-
opathy came out ahead on a vote of 25 to 11 to confirm the Governor’s
appointment.
Bureau of Pcedology .—The bureau of paedology of the American
Institute of Homoeopathy, has selected the “ Diseases of the Diges
tive Apparatus,” for papers and discussions, at the meeting in Mil¬
waukee next June. The following is the order of arrangement, viz :
W. H. Jenney, M. D., of Kansas City,Mo., Chairman, acute gastritis,
causes, anatomical characteristics and diagnosis: W. A. Edmonds,
M. D., prevention and treatment of same: J. C. Sanders, M. D.,
stomatitis, causes, diagnosis and anatomical characteristics; A. M.
Cushing, M. D., treatment and prevention of same; B. J. McClatchey,
M. D., gastromalacia, anatomical characteristics, causes and diag¬
nosis ; W. Danforth, M. D., preventive and treatment of same; T. C.
Duncan, M. D., thrush, anatomical characteristics, causes, diagnosis
and treatment; S. P. Hedges, M. D., gangrene of the mouth, ana¬
tomical characteristics, causes, diagnosis, prevention and treatment.
Mary A. B. Woods. M. D., dietetic rules to be observed in the treat¬
ment of diseases of the digestive organs.
The Homoeopathic Mutual Life Insurance Company .—This company
have now arranged to issue policies on good lives from $100 to $10,000.
We believe the fluctuations in real estate the last few years have
demonstrated that life insurance is the surest investment a man can
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142
Medical flevcs.
[February 1
make for his family. Cambered real estate is not a very desirable
legacy. “ Life policies of $100 to $1,000 with short payments” is a
feature that every physician can commend to his patrons. This com¬
pany has issued a lot of valuable pamphlets that we can freely dis¬
tribute to help our business, and we ought to reciprocate by helping
the only Homoeopathic Life Insurance Company.
The “ Index Catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon Generate Office ”
I am advised, is in the hands of the printer, and the first volume is
expected to be out the last of December 1880, to-be distributed only to
public libraries, institutions, and those who have contributed largely
to the Library, and as it will be but a little additional expense, while
in type to strike off a larger edition for a more extended distribution
I would suggest that every physician immediately write their mem¬
ber, asking Congress to make an additional appropriation for a larger
edition under a hope that they may be fortunate enough to obtain a
copy of this valuable publication, believing they can in no other way
.further the objects of said distribution better. ]>. S. Kimball.
Died. — As we go to press we are called upon to record the sudden
death from diphtheria of our colleague, W. H. Woodyatt, M. D., who
is well known to our readers. We esteemed Dr. W. as an earnest,
noble, kind-hearted gentleman, a thoroughly scientific physician, and
an oculist of the first rank. We deeply lament his loss and unite
with the family and friends in mourning for our brother. A fuller
notice will appear in our next.
Dr. W. Doolittle.—At a meeting of the Monroe County Homoe¬
opathic Medical Society, the following was adopted:
In commemoration of the death of Willard Doolittle, M. D., secre¬
tary of this society, it is proper that our expression of esteem and
sorrow be placed upon the minutes, therefore.
Resolved , That this society has sustained the loss of a member who
has commanded our respect as a man of unswerving morality and a
gentleman of character.
Resolved , That we recognize in him the elements of a true physi¬
cian ; among the foremost of which was faithfulness to his calling,
even to the sacrifice of his life, which occurred by his assiduous
attendance on a case of diphtheria.
Resolved , That with deep sympathy for his widow and child, we
extend to them all the aid and protection in our power to render.
Consolidation. —I would suggest that the American Homoeopathic
Journal and others be consolidated with The United States Med¬
ical Investigator and make that a weekly, and raise the price
accordingly, because one good reliable journal is worth three or four
small ones, and will give far better satisfaction to all subscribers.
Try it and see if it can be done. S. R. B.
[Much in little space is the order of the day. Some years ago we
consolidated the Chicago journals into one, and tried to effect the
same plan with others. No sooner is one journal out of the field,
however, than up springs another, and the new journal, like a new
baby, attracts attention for a time. The stringency of the times
brought into the field several cheap journals and carried others out.
We have always tried to conform to the times and average wishes of
our readers, and have therefore increased the size of our journal for
this year about 200 pages, but shall not call this a new volume.
Nothing would suit us better than to make The United States
Medical Investigator a weekly, t. e., double the size, at $5.00 a
year. If 1,000 of our subscribers say “ go ahead,” we may take the
risk next year. The profession can easily consolidate the journals, if
they will concentrate on two or three of our own journals. The pro¬
fession can make our journals what they choose. —Ed.]
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THE
UNITED STATES
Medical Investigator
A SEMX-MONTHLX JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE.
New Series. Vol. XI., No. 4.—FEBRUARY 15,1880.— WhoU No. 266
Surgical Department
THE RADICAL CURE OF HERNIA.
BY J. G. GILCHRIST, M. D., DETROIT, MICH.
It has become quite an established principle in surgery, to avoid
any instrumental interference in the case of ancient incarcerated
hernia unless it should become strangulated. The authorities are quite
' unanimous in the matter, and it is only under somewhat exceptional
circumstances that they admit the propriety of operative treatment.
A case has recently occurred in my practice, which in addition to
possessing several important therapeutic indications, will well serve
to illustrate the fact that ()ld School authorities should not be con¬
sidered as implicitlv to be relied upon when our materia medioa
enables us to convert what to them would be a defeat into a brilliant
victory; to ward off recognized dangers, and to reduce the inevitable
sufferings to the minimum of intensity. None who have intelligently
pursued the art of surgery can doubt the potency of our remedies in
the various concomitants of traumatism; even the dreaded peri¬
tonitis becomes something very manageable. It is not that such
experience is novel in my practice, or that others have not similar
opportunity that the case below is reported, but that we may add
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144
The Radical Cure o( Hernia. [February 15,
something to the experimental knowledge of the Homoeopathic
therapeutics of surgical conditions. For some years the writer has
refrained from reporting “cases” in. the journals, but on looking
over his case book for the past year, find such a wide field had been
covered, and so many lessons of value were deducible therefrom, that
the rule has been broken, and the firstjcase falling under the eye has
been selected for comment.
Case. Jacob K -, aged forty; residence Detroit. Two years
since, when working at his trade, that of a stone-mason—he felt a
sudden pain in the left inguinal region, followed by a swelling, prov¬
ing a hernia. A truss was prescribed, but owing to some defect in
its construction, it failed in its object, and the tumor became con¬
stant, and was pronounced incarcerated hernia. The tumor for a
time increased in size, and ultimately entirely incapacitated him for
work. Many surgeons of repute examined the case, and all declined
instrumental treatment unless strangulation should occur. He vis¬
ited Germany, and met with no better success, the surgeons whom
he consulted likewise declining interference. In October 1879, he
came under the professional care of my esteemed friend and col¬
league, Dr. Jas. D. Craig, of this city, who called me to the case in
counsel. It was determined to attempt an operation for the reduc¬
tion of the hernia, and at the same time endeavor to prevent a recur¬
rence of the protrusion. November 6, 1879, with the assistance of
Drs. J. D. Craig, and Wm. M. Bailey, the following operation was
performed. The tumor was on the left side, and measured thirteen
inches in its long circumference, and eleven in the short. A long
incision was made, reaching from the external ring to the base of the
scrotum, and the tunics, which were intimately blended together by
plastic adhesions, were successively raised on the director and
divided. The hernial tumor was found to be composed of omentum
and mesentery, and not only firmly attached to the surrounding
parts, but even to the columns of the inguinal ring as well. The
adhesions were all broken up, mostl> with the handle of the scalpel
and the fingers, and the protruded intestine returned within the
abdominal cavity.
The hernia being thus reduced, there was revealed what before had
been concealed, a large hydrocele, with the walls of the vaginal
tunic quite thickened. The sac was opened by a long incision,
removing an eliptical portion of the tissue. One or two points of
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1880.]
Cologne fVater.
145
suture with carbolized cat-gut were now introduced, and a single
stitch placed in the ring to reduce the size of the opening. The
haemorrhage was trifling, but one vessel, a branch of internal pudic
— requiring ligation. The external wound was loosely approximated,
and held by a few stitches of silk.
At the close of the operation the pulse was 65, and the tempera¬
ture 3° below normal, or' 95.6. The parts were covered with a com¬
press wet with dilute Hypericum , and the same remedy given inter¬
nally, at intervals of two hours. As is usual in all cases in which I
have used the Hypericum, which is a constant practice — there was
entire absence of pain, notwithstanding the incisions were made in
extremely sensitive tissues, according to Andrall (Copland’s Med-
Diet.), and the incision of the abdominal rings is known to be
(Lister) exquisitely painful. On the fourth day, the scrotum was
enormously enlarged, of a dark color, and the left side of the penis
correspondingly affected. The pulse was 105, and temperature 101°.
Under Arsenic this condition rapidly improved, and pulse and tem¬
perature remained normal until the eleventh day, when there was
another rise to a slight degree, and suppuration became pronounced.
The abscess was evacuated, and to the close of the case, on Dec. 5,
1879, improvement was uninterrupted. There is some slight tend¬
ency to protrusion of the hernia, but in other respects the condition
is all that could be desired, and better than many would have expected
or even hoped for.
The particular points of interest in this case are: The freedom
from pain following the employment of Hypericum; the favorable
result of an operation generally deemed unwarrantable; the value of
Arsenic in traumatic gangrene, or threatened gangrene; and the
scientific character of Homoeopathic therapeutics, which furnishes
data, in the majority of instances, for an accurate prognosis.
Cologne Water.—A case is reported in the Brit. Med. Jour, where
a lady in perfect health had some cologne water spilled in her nasal
passage, pharynx, larynx and trachea. On the second day there was
two small ulcers on the pharynx, and in four days time a perfect cast
of the larynx, trachea, and left bronchus was expectorated with imme¬
diate relief. The nasal mucous membrane was also covered with
membrane which was not cast off until the seventh day.
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J46
Asphyxia Neonatorum, etc.
[February 15,
Children’s Department.
ASPHYXIA NEONATORUM— APNCE A-SYNCOPE.
This is a condition in which the respiratory muscles after delivery
do not contract at all, or only imperfectly. It may be due to three
causes, viz., apnoea, asphyxia and syncope.
Apncea or want of breath is perhaps the most common form of
defective respiration and is usually diagnosticated asphyxia apoplec¬
tics. The child presents a red bloated face; mouth blue, body warm
and red with mottled spots here and there. The infant is large and
well developed.
In asphyxia proper, or asphyxia suffocatoria, respiration is obstructed
from the profuse amount of mucus blocking up the nasal passages, or
larynx. The face and lips are blue, eyes protrude. There may be
partial respiration at first, but from inhaling some of the discharges
with the first rush of air the bronchial tubes become finally closed,
especially if the nurse does not facilitate the ejection of the mucus.
The cry in these cases is hoarse and rattling. The children are usu¬
ally large and fat.
Syncope or faintness is really due to impeded or arrested circulation.
This form of suspended respiration is found in cases of compression of
the cord, rupture of the cord, or premature separation of the placenta,
as in multiple births. Prolonged and forcible contractions of the
uterus may bring about this faintness. In a case of triplets ail wer©
born in a state of syncope from prolonged labor. The last was beyond
the power of resuscitation.
Treatment .—The management of each of these forms of asphyxia
will radically differ.
In apnoea proper, asphyxia, apoplectica, the pressure of blood to the
brain is so great as to produce stasis of the blood, and paralysis of the
respiratory muscles. Allowing the cord to bleed will often relieve.
Placing the body alternately in hot and cold water will tend to con¬
tract and relax the capillaries, and thus relieve the pressure upon the
brain, and at the same time stimulate the respiratory muscles to
contract. In these cases respiration is ushered in, usually, with a gasp.
Artificial respiration by placing the child alternately in the sitting
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1880.]
Asphyxia Neonatorum, etc .
147
and recumbent posture, should be resorted to. Blowing into the
mouth and thus forcibly dilating the air vesicles will help to start the
respiratory act. Pounng cold water over the head sometimes works
nicely.
In the suffocative form where mucus obstructs the air passages at
any point, this must be removed before the normal entrance of air
will be facilitated. The finger may be introduced into the glottis and
the occluding mucus removed. Holding the child by the heels will by
the force of gravity tend to clear the larynx and trachea. Blowing
into the mouth, after having put a drop of Alcohol on the tongue, may
stimulate absorption of the mucus, and contraction of the air vesicles
and lesser bronchi.
In a case of triplets still-born, the author was enabled to start res¬
piration in two of them by blowing in the mouth about six times a
minute. The third infant was exsanguinated, from, I think, exfoli¬
ation of the placenta some time before birth. A more rapid labor
would doubtless have saved this child, although they were all less
than eight month foetuses.
One precaution should always be taken; Not to blow too forcible
into the mouth of the child. A catheter passed into the trachea may
be used. Eberle, p. 79, records a case of rupture of the air cells by
this means. The steady respiration of health should be simulated.
Vogel says: If we succeed at all in saving an asphyxiated child, we
usually accomplish it in one or, at the most in two or three hours.
The management of apparent death from syncope demands prompt
recourse to position. The child should be suspended by the heels asin
syncope from anaesthesia, until the face becomes turgid by the force of
gravitation filling the capillaries of the brain, then artificial respir¬
ation should be resorted to for a few moments, then if the face
becomes pale, again the head should be lowered and artificial respir¬
ation again protracted until the normal respiration is fully established.
If the cry is feeble, it will be best to keep the head dependent, as we
would in a case of severe haemorrhage in childbed. Gravitation must
help keep the brain properly supplied with blood, until the system has
manufactured enough to make up the loss, or if there has been no loss
until the nervous energies are fully recovered, and the nerve centres
properly supplied with their appropriate food by a steady current of
blood.
Aconite should be given when the child is hot, purple, pulseless and
breathless or nearly so. Apoplectic form.
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148
Experience with Scarlet Fever. [February 15,
Belladonna would be preferred when the face is very red and the
eyeballs injected, pupils dilated. Apoplectic form.
China will be called for in cases of syncope or where profuse
hfemorrhage has been the cause.
Tartar emetic .—In the suffocative form where the child is pale and
breathless, although the cord still pulsates.
ipecac is recommended by Hartmann in these cases.
Camphor may be given instead of either of the above remedies,
and especially in cases from syncope, also after Tartar emetic .
The efforts at artificial respiration should be persevered in for some
time. Cases are on record where success has occurred after two
hours constant effort.
Signs of returning life are: Slight twitchings and tremulous
motions around the mouth, contractions of the pectoral muscles,
which at first may be very slight, returning warmth and redness of
the lips, motion of the froth at the mouth, and at last audible respir¬
ation.
In these cases of asphyxia respiration is usually feeble for some
time. Then it should be treated as directed under the head of Asthe¬
nia or General Feebleness, p. 127, and Atelectasis .—Part V. Diseases
of Infants and Children.
EXPERIENCE WITH SCARLET FEVER.
If there is one disease that demands ability, patience, quick per¬
ception, sound judgment, and close surveilance that disease is scarlet
fever, and especially does it annoy the physician of limited experi¬
ence ; the various forms, the varied surroundings, the rapidity of. its
changes, the dangerous sequelae, all combine to make it dreaded by
the lay people and profession.
How are we to treat it ? Some say, “ select the similimum ana
prescribe it highotherfi, “ select your remedy and give it low
others give Bed., Apts , Cinnaharis , or Chloride of Lime or Carbolic add,
or a thousand and one other things that they have used, and thought
good, and in many cases too many of these things are tried for the
welfare of the patient.
I have had a large experience in the treatment of this dreaded dis¬
ease. I have not had the universal success that many claim to them-
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1880.]
Experience with Scarlet Fever .
149
selves for some of the little sufferers have died while under my treat¬
ment, as I believe they will under any form of treatment where the
type of the disease is anything like severe. Now, I claim that it is
next to impossible to select a perfect similimum in many cases; the
ignorance of the nurse, the impossibility of the little patient describ¬
ing its peculiar sensations and conditions, render “ guessing ” at a
portion of the picture necessary.
I expect to receive some censure, and perhaps severe criticism from
some; and perhaps be ostracised as a Homoeopathic physician. I am
not writing this to those who know more about the treatment of
scarlet fever than I, but for those who know less, so I beg you,
seniors and professors, to “draw it mild,” should you after reading
the article, kick over your table and curse your hostler because such
stupid fellows write for the magazine; use your own plan, and those
who do not know, will thank you if you will tell them.
Assuming that I write this to the juniors, let me say : Do not try
to cure scarlet fever in a day ; do not try to “ break it upyour
province is to guide it to a successful termination; you will find
indicated in the beginning. Bell ., Apis, Ailanthus , or perhaps Aconite ,
which will be easily determined by objective symptoms.
Aconite 3x.~ Case of a very mild type, or if roseola prevailing ;
rash, if it has appeared, is rough, or irregular; rarely indicated
except at the beginning.
Apis 3x.— Absence of thirst, skin smooth, slight blushes in patches,
or small, red spots coming and going; spots about the size of a bean
with moderate gastric catarrh, or diarrhoea.
Belladonn a.— General indications: Rash smooth and livid; con¬
gestion to head; delirium moderate, restless, nosebleed, etc., in
scarlatina anginosa.
Ailanthus glandulosa 6x.—Very violent gastric catarrh; violent
and continued vomiting; speedy development of the rash; rash livid
or dark; great prostration.
One of these medicines is usually selected to begin with, contin¬
uing the one selected every two or three hours, as long as the patient
is no worse, and conditions remain the same; should an infiltration
of the cellular tissue of the neck take place, Rhus tox . will relieve ; if
glandular enlargement, Merc, sol ; if diphtheritis supervene, Merc,
prot.\ giving these remedies in connection with the one selected at
the beginning, and as long as the patient is no worse, I am happy;
watching for unfavorable symptoms and divergence from the normal
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160
Experience with Scarlet Fever. [February 16,
run, the first indication of diphtheritis is the thin, watery discharge
from the nose; it has no smell and attracts no attention from the
nurse, unless inquired after; this is usually controlled by .Kali bich.
2x; if not controlled in twenty-four hours, give Arum tryph. 3x,a capi¬
tal remedy in scarlatinal coryza. If constant pain in the ear, evinced
by crying and moaning continuously, gi ye Pulsatilla; if spasmodic
pain in ears, evinced by screaming at intervals, and reaching to the
ear, Kali bich ., or Silicea. When the rash begins to peel off, give
Sulph. 30th every three or four hours; or, if infiltrated cellular tissue,
give Rhus tox. in alternation with Sulphur; if cervical glands very
bard. Baryta carb. 6th trit.; if the pulse remain frequent, watch your
case closely, you may be sure there is some sequela to come; the
sequelae most likely to present are, dropsy, pericarditis, or oedema
pulmonum. Cardiac complications require the same treatment as if
not in sequence of the fever.
Dropsy.— I begin the treatment as soon as oedema of the face pre¬
sents, with Arsenicum 3d to 30th, according to age and constitution,
and continue it at intervals, through the whole case. Other remedies
are given notwithstanding.
Apis mel.— Absence of thirst; waxy paleness; red spots on the
body 3x, 2 or 1, until it makes an impression on the case, then higher.
Helleborus nig.— Scanty brown unne, smoky color; rolling of the
head, or lifting it up from pillow.
Apocynum can.—Great thirst, drinking at once large quantities of
water; ascites or anasarca; urine scanty, usually not a bad color.
Colchtcnm.— Urine bloody, or very dark, like coffee.
Now do not forget Zincum met. in the course of the case, one of the
most valuable remedies, where the brain seems threatened or
invaded, evinced by the expression of the face; pearly whiteness
around the mouth ; starting, jerking of limbs, or twitching of single
muscles; screaming in sleep; constant motion of feet.
If pulmonary oedema, I should think of Orotal. hor. or Jaborandi.
This latter ought to be a grand remedy.
Regime. —You will meet this monster in the mansion and hovel; in
places where everything they wished for can be had by asking.and
where there is not enough to keep a well child comfortable. With
the one, you will have to see it is not stuffed with good things to its
disadvantage, or over-fed on articles allowed; with the other, that
they have sufficient support; give them milk and water, as a beverage,
or the juices from stewed dried apples, which, being slightly acid,
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Medical EduCativtX.
*51
i 860 .]
coagulate and remove the mucus accumulated in the fauces; do not
keep them too much wrapped up, and bathe them sufficient for clean¬
liness.
For the violent coryza, during and after a severe attack, Arum
tryph. is the best remedy. Smoked bacon, if not too salt, rubbed
over the child, will relieve the terrible itching which deprive the
patient of all sleep. Ole Moses.
Medico-Legal Department.
MEDICAL EDUCATION.
BT PROF. J. 8. MITCHELL M. D. PRESIDENT OF THE CHICAGO
|HOM<BOPATHIC COLLEGE.
Education is the panacea for human woes. In the evolution of man
we are at times on the crest of the wave again in the trough of the
sea. Some snik, others gain the crest of the succeeding wave and so on
until they reach a firm foundation. It must not be argued because
some who have had every advantage of education are lost that it has no
power to save. The papers chronicle that one graduate of Vassar
sadly fell from the noble state of pure womanhood, but it does not
change the fact that the influence of the higher education of woman
Matthew Vassar provided affects favorably this whole nation. If any
thing really lifts a man above his fellows it is education. Emphati¬
cally is this true in medicine. Who are the men in our annals who
have left their impress upon these times. What do our medical
biographies teach? Clearly and by overwhelming data that they were
men who had thorough preliminary education and whose medical
studies were well pursued. I interested myself one day in the
biography of Homoeopathic physicians of the United States I found
such the case with nearly all of national reputation or sectional.
These are the men who lead our thought, who devise new instru¬
ments, who open new fields of diagnosis, who methodize the intricate
maze of therapeutics, who venture upon new operations, who unfold
the wonders of chemistry, who develop and simplify histology and
throw new light on disease by divining its causes.
It is true of all schools of medicine. Tell me what a man has done in
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Medical Education.
[February 16,
162
medicine and I will tell you by that alone what his previous training
was. I believe in all kinds of education. I respect the self educated
man. I even respect the educated thief above the common pilferer. I
mean educated in his profession not the back slider. What a man does
let him do well. It was a shrewd thing in him who saved his life
when he bad accidentally fallen among a gang of counterfeiters by
claiming to be a prince of the craft. They would have killed him
that his secret might perish. DefJy tossing a bogus coin that was
cleverly made he told how much better he could fashion one. They
demanded urgently who he was. Uttering the talismanic name of the
most celebrated of all counterfeiters the effect was such that he did
not even have to endure a test and soon escaped.
The sentimentalism over great criminals has its main spring higher
than appears superficially. The world respects ability. The present
danger to our institutions is the ability which now a days often char¬
acterizes fraud. But the reaction from this will come. It is only a step
which has to be as a prelude to another utterly different.
In this country where a flat-boatman may one day be president
every man is in the line of promotion. There can be no doubt if the
advantages of such conditions in hastening the onward march of civil¬
ization. If we traoe the history of medical education in this country
we shall see that it has followed inevitably the genius of our institu-
tions.
At first, quite servilely, we made our medical schools after the
fashion of our English ancestors. The two colleges, one at New
York and the other at Philadelphia, which existed before the
revolution, were patterned after the University of Edinburg. They
required preliminary examination. Three years’ study and one
course ectures gave the Bachelor’s degree; another full course
admitted a candidate twenty-two years old to examination for
the doctorate. Medical education began to change with the com¬
mencing prosperity of the great nation. In the early part of the
century we commenced what was most emphatically the American
plan. The attentive student of history must learn that it is useless to
stem the tide of popular sentiment. The country was growing with
marvelous rapidity. Medical schools also grew in numbers to corre¬
spond. In 1825 there were sixteen, in 1860 about forty, now there are
seventy-five, unless new ones were established last evening. This is
exclusive of some thirty which have been organized and discontinued.
With this large number came a marked lowering of the standard.
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1880.]
Medical Education.
m
Preliminary qualification was no longer required; a short term of
study was demanded; examination was less severe. To make a long
story short, 75,000 graduates have triumphantly held diplomas certi¬
fying they were learned in medicine and surgery — since the begin¬
ning of this era in American medical education. One great disad¬
vantage it is claimed of this era, is the rapid multiplication of
medical schools.
The same may be said of other educational institutions. Denom¬
inational colleges have sprung up rapidly. Normal schools abound
in many districts. Each state fosters its own educational inter¬
ests. We have only 343 universities in the United States, Ohio
leading with thirty-four. President White, of Cornell, in an address
delivered at Detroit, pointed out very clearly the disadvantages of
our many colleges.
Who is to limit them ? To whom shall we entrust the right to say
no more shall be established? Even if this could be, would it
be wise ? Would concentration into two or three or a half dozen
schools after the European methods be well ? Competition, not
co-operation is our guiding principle; it is unquestionably develop¬
ing. The two Old School medical colleges in Chicago result in better
teaching; the same may be said of the two Homoeopathic colleges.
Faculties are roused to their best energies by competition ; it may be
assumed that in the long run the best will succeed. Temporary suc¬
cess may follow very questionable methods, but still water runs deep.
The strong, practical, honest sense of the profession will find the
right in time. The disposition to multiply inordinately will be kept
in check by the certain actual difficulties that attend the establish¬
ment and maintainance of a medical college. Time, labor, and
money are required; these are not long forthcoming minus success.
A weak college, and one on poor foundations will soon be numbered
among the things of the past.
We can trust to the survival of the fittest. We have just entered
upon the third period in the history of American medical colleges;
it is a hopeful one; there is no denying the fact that a deep under¬
current has set in in favor of a higher standard. It cannot be stayed.
It will increase steadily until it is a torrent. The colleges that keep
pace with it will alone stand ; the others will drop by the wayside.
One of the features of the new era is a disposition to return again
to legislative interference. Whether that will aid us or not, depends
upon the honor and intelligence of those to whom these vital inter-
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154
Medical Education .
[February l5<
eats are entrusted. Anything that interferes with liberty is to be
deprecated. When, however, license usurps its place —it is sompe-
tent and advisable for the state to interfere. It seems hardly neces¬
sary to refer to the fact there is such a thing as civil rights. The
public weal requires due protection of its health. A course pursued
by a medical college that jeopardizes this must and will be reached by
the strong arm of law. When this great commonwealth of Illinois,
which, beginning in the rich rolling prairies about this beautiful
little city of its northern limits, slopes down like one grand terrace to
the caves along the Ohio, grants a charter to a medical college, it is its
people who really act. No matter whether the charter calls for
specific action in the party of the second part or no. The implied
obligations are binding. They are simply that the college shall give
to its students a fair education, not after the highest standard, but
after the one ordinarily recognized. It is always easy to determine
that. Woe to the college that does not regard this plain truth.
We hear much said about the cause of Homoeopathy. What is
Homoeopathy V The science of therapeutics, t. e., the science of
medicine, for there can be no scientific application of remedies until
we are versed in diagnosis, pathology, and in fine, all departments
of medicine. The immortal '^Carroll Dunham has clearly shown us
these relations. I accept then for Homoeopathy the broad, definition
scientific medicine. It follows that just so far as our colleges impart
high education, they advance Homoeopathy; just so far as they
degrade medical education they discredit Homoeopathy. We may ask
ourselves here what should be the relation of the profession and socie¬
ties towards our colleges ? The answer is a more fostering interest.
The colleges on their part should be more open to the general pro¬
fession not run in any sense as conclaves. Their methods should be
more closely scrutinized. They should be more related to each other.
Plans might be adopted similar to those in classical colleges of
friendly contests in an intellectual way. As doctors, we need more
outside stimulus in our lives. The lawyer comes in contact with
men with keener, more incisive minds than his own and he
grows. If we could have state society meetings every week we
should develop much faster than we do. Let student life begin
with more competition, more direct contact of mind with mind.
Give us more public examinations. Let the profession interest itself
to attend them. Then instead of judging from a rose-colored
announcement which college to attend, the student would be more
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Book Department.
1880.J
163
likely to select the one where the best teaching was to be found.
Above all let our medical instructor remember the grandest words
of Daniel Webster:
* h If we work upon marble, it will perish ; if we work upon brass,
time will efface it; if we rear temples, they will crumble in the dust,
but if we work upon immortal minds, we engrave on these tablets
something that will brighten through all eternity.”
Book Department.
Homceopathic Treatment of Diphtheria. By De Forest
Hunt, M. D., Grand Rapids : Eaton, Lyon & Co. Chicago: Dun¬
can Bros.: 12 mo,, 102 pages,$ 1.00.
Perhaps no disease has been more frequently written up than diph¬
theria. Some works are clinical, some didactic, some partial essays,
and some deal only with its theraputics. Good as all these works are
they do not satisfy the profession, chiefly because they are not system¬
atic, thorough and progressive. Any one who has been in active prac¬
tice for the last fifteen years well knows that no disease has differed so
much in its symptoms from year to year, as this one. In 1877 the
dyspnoea from the pharyngeal inflammation was the most serious phase
of the disease, while in 1879 and 1880 muscular atony seems the dan¬
gerous feature. While Bell . was a prominent remedy in 1877, Arsen -
icum Kali , Lack, and Gels .are prominent remedies this year, especially
during convalescence.
The author of this little work has dissected the subject something
after the method in Ziemssen’s Cyclopaedia, and as the various parts
are briefly treated it makes the w.trk seem disjointed. The symptoms
of the remedies are given as in the materia medija without regard to
order of appearance or type of the disease. Singular that Belladonna
is omitted altogether. Our first, and we believe most value remedy,
except Merc, bijod in this disease. We do not wish to say that this
work is of no value for it is a useful compilation. There are a few
errors we would like to see corrected, e. g. where astute Wagner is
charged with esteeming croup and diphtheria as “ identical.” The
point he makes is that the croupous form and membraneous croup are
identical, which clinicalexperiencecorroborates. We have confirmed
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/
164 Bodk Department. [Fbbrtjary 16,
the experience of Dr. Bennet on this point. Another point is that the
tongue presents no characteristic appearance. The broad, flabby,
beef-steak tongue, carrying a brown coat is to us very diagnostic, and
serves to distinguish from sore throat or tonsillitis, which has a broad,
flabby, pale tongue. We know of no disease that needs more careful
diagnosis, or more prompt treatment. Our management is usually to
give Bell., then Merc, bijod or other remedies as indicated. Sustain
with liquid food, like beef tea, and above all enjoin strict quiet. We
believe that no one can read this little work without proflt.
An Elementary Text Book of Materia Medica : Character¬
istic, Analytical |and Comparative. By A. C. Cowperth-
w aite, M.D. Professor of Materia Medica in the Homoeopathic Med¬
ical Department, State University of Iowa. Chicago : Duncan Bros.
8 vo., Cloth $3.50. Half Morocco $4.50.
We received some days ago a copy of this really valuable work from
the publishers, Messrs. Duncan Pros. The book pleases the eye for
the paper and print are good and the typographical errors not very
numerous. Taken altogether it is just the book needed by the
student of Homoeopathy. The characteristic symptoms of one hun¬
dred and forty-flve remedies are given, and in the main we have no
fault to find with them, bnt our good friend Cowperthwaite will pardon
us if we offer a few criticisms. What the author terms “ grand
characteristics” are printed in italics. The moment, however, a symp¬
tom becomes a “ grand characteristic ” of a dozen remedies it is value¬
less as a diagnostic point. Vertigo is marked as a grand characteristic
of Aconite, Apis., Bry„ Oycl., Dig., etc. Why not also a “grand char¬
acteristic of Bell., Chin., Nux. vovn. and a number of other remedies
which we always think of before Aconite V
We notice many symptoms mentioned as grand characteristics which
are entirely new to us. Under Nalr. mur ., for instance, grand charac¬
teristic, “ inflammation, redness and lachrymation of the eyes.”
Why not Aeon., Bell., etc? “ Violent unquenchable thirst ” is another
grand characteristic of this remedy, mentioned by the author. This
we have always considered one of the best indications for Aconite or
Arsenicum. The Batr. mur. patient has thirst, usually, but it is sel¬
dom violent and unquenchable. We notice the omission also of one
of the most important characteristics of Natr. mur., viz., chronic sen¬
sation as of a hair upon the tongue,—a symptom which Prof. S. A.
Jones analyzed aud explained fully some years ago.
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1880.J
Book Deportment.
How easy it would be to practice Homoeopathy if one could place
entire reliance upon a grand characteristic like this, for instance :
Millie acid , “ Diphtheritic membrane on tonsils and fauces extending
to mouth, lips and nose.” Why not Met'c., Kali, bi ., etc V
Under Mercurius we find grand characteristics starred and double
starred, but no explanation of this marking is vouchsafed to the
reader.
Under Hheum we find, ik Cool sweat on face (Ferat),” which is really
misleading to a student as Veratrum has “ Cold perspiration on the
forehead.” We also find “ Child smells sourish,” and look in vain for
the symptom under Hepar.,—which only has fci sour smelling stools.”
Our old friend C'ale. carb. y is presented under a new name, viz.:
Calcarea ostrearum, which may be proper but we all rather like to have
old friends retain the same name through life. What is really
the most characteristic symptom of this drug is bodily thrown over to
£ilicea, viz.: the head is wet from profuse sweating at night.
Taking the examples we have mentioned and a few others that
might be criticised, and all that can be said against tbe work is told.
It is undoubtedly, we repeat with emphasis, the best book on the sub¬
ject for the student. T. S. Hoyne.
This book is the work of a thoroughly consciencious Hahnemannian.
It has been compiled carefully from what the author considers as trust¬
worthy sources, and will be of value to the student and busy physi¬
cian who has not time in ordinary cases to study the great Encyclo¬
paedia of Materia Medica.
It differs somewhat from the several other volumes which have
been written to satisfy the demand for something like a “ boiled down
Materia Medica.” The author prefaces each remedy with a brief
general analysis of its method of action, its tissue and organic affin¬
ities. Then come the u Mind,” “ Brain;” and other portions of the
body after the old Hahnemannian schema. At the end we find the
conditions of aggravation and amelioration, and finally the “ Thera¬
peutic range.”
If any one symptom resembles a symptom possessed by other remedy
or remedies—they are mentioned in parenthesis. This is a good
. plan, for it facilitates the student in his hunt for affinities. We find
the general and special characteristics are usually well chosen. They
are the time honored ones, verified by the best men of our school.
The chief thing to regret about the book is that it contains only 145
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book Department .
[February 15,
156
remedies, and that many of them could have been omitted and others
of more real value put in their places. But as no two physicians
place the same estimate upon the same 100 medicines, this can be
excused. In this work there are symptoms which cover all those to
which “ flesh is heir to,”—if they are reliable. Who shall say they are
not V Until every physician who reports verifications of symptoms is
a master of the natural history of disease, we shall never know
whether our symptomology is to be relied upon or not.
Take it all in all, I would rather place my faith on the symptoms
here given than those of any other author.
But I could not practice Homoeopathy with this text book alone. I
should teel lost without Allen’s Encyclopaedia. It would have
improved it if a copious clinical index had been appended.
Typographically it is better gotten up than'many other works recently
issued and is an houor to the publishing firm of Duncan Bros, it is a
large octavo of 400 pages, on good paper and fair type, a little too small
for any but young, sharp eyes.
The whole shows that Western authors and publishers can, if they
try, compete with those of the East. E M. Hale.
Repertory to the More Characteristic Symptoms of the
Materia Medica. Arranged by C. Lippe, M. D. New York:
Bedell & Bro. Chicago; Duncan Bros. 8vo., pp. 322. Cloth $4.50.
The first expression on seeing this book is 44 its a small book for the
money.” The next will be after using it “ there is a great deal in it
for the size.” The paper is thin and the type is fine. It is solid gold
and like gold is done up in a small compass. Unlike many books from
Gotham it is not an armful of paper, but whether the profession will
appreciate the gold currency is a question. We say this so that the
work will not be misjudged.
We are informed that this work is based on the reper tory to the
manual published in Allentown in 1838 by C. Hering. To this have
been added selections from Boeninghansen’s works, Father Lippe’s
Materia Medica and the works of Bell, Guernsey, Hering and Jahr.
This is in fine, a selected or characteristic repertory. It is therefore
reliable as far as it goes. As this is the first repertory that has ap¬
peared for years it is worth while to explain what place a repertory fills..
Some think that it is an index, clinical or symptomatic and are disap¬
pointed. It is to many 44 a puzzle ” that they cannot put together,
therefore with a large mass of the profession repertories are very
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1880.]
Amaurosis.
157
unpopular. Well what good are repertories any way ? Repertories are
comparative, condensed materia medicas. To illustrate; what other
remedies besides Aconite has vertigo as a prominent condition. To
find out in the materia medica, (unless it is a comparative one like the
Elementary Text Book), we turn to remedy after remedy to find which
has a vertigo. Well how do they differ, all vertigos are not alike ?
Again we go through the book and compare them. All this has taken
much time and more patience than many physicians possess. With this
repertory we turned to sensorium, (an obsolete physiological term),
and on page 17 find “ vertigo ” and six columns of variations, causes
and conditions by which we may make comparisons and selection of
the remedy that has the similar vertigo. We may take this symptom
as the key to the remedy and then turn to the materia medica and com¬
pare this remedy with our case. Or we may look up in the repertory
two or three more prominent symptoms of our case and perhaps find
that we have three remedies to compare in our materia medica before
we can select the simile. It will be seen that the repertory can be a
great help to the physician who desires to select the similar or Homoeo¬
pathic remedy for his cases.
Repertories were more used in the early days of certain symptom¬
atic prescribing than in the subsequent era of similar pathological
guessing. • *
i
Eye and Ear Department.
PRIZE ESSAY ON AMAUROSIS.
Note.— In accordance with my custom, as Professor of Diseases of
the Eye and Ear in the Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital, of
Chicago, of annually offering a prize for the best essay on some sub¬
ject within my department, the subject of Amaurosis was selected for
the title of the essay for the session of 1878-79. Dr. J. G. Russell, now
of Chicago, was the successful competitor, furnishing the following
essay. While by no means exhaustive of the subject and sometimes
erroneous, it Is well written and presents an interesting subject so
condensed as to repay a perusal.—C. H. Vilas.
Amaurosis, as its Greek derivation signifies, is obscure vision; so
also might we say that the term itself is obscure in meaning. At
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158
Amaurosis
[February 15 ,
least it is very inclusive and vague in the medical literature of the
present day. Although many times it may be regarded as a disease
per se, yet again in other cases it might be used, and very appropri¬
ately singly as an adjective; in fact it is often a symptom of other
diseases and dyscrasiae. The term amaurosis, practically signifies
loss of vision, partial or total. The expression, amblyopia is some¬
times used to express the former condition; it is the first stage of the
amaurotic condition. It seems to us that in the present state of oph¬
thalmic literature that we need seldom employ such an inclusive expres¬
sion, but be able to assign in nearly every case, some existing cause
for the impairment of vision. Various different names and expres¬
sions have been used at different times to express this same condi¬
tion, as black cataract, nervous blindness, optic anaesthesia, etc.
Various classifications are made of the causes of the amaurotic
condition. We mention but one classification, constitutional and
local. These causes may be predisposing or exciting, functional or
organic. In making this classification we appreciate the fact that it
is not admitted or at least not in accordance with the views enter¬
tained by authors that we have reviewed, they generally, confining
the causes to morbid changes within the eye, extra-ocular, or to
causes within the cranium, intercranial. And whenever this condi¬
tion of amaurosis exists .from causes constitutional as diabetes,
drugging, poisoning, pregnancy, etc., it is regarded, and correctly*
simply symptomatic. From views that we have expressed above we
would as soon regard amaurosis resulting from retinitis merely as
symptomatic as when it resulted from a toxical condition of the
blood.
CONSTITUTIONAL CAU8ES.
Among these we mention as most prominent repeated and pro¬
tracted determination of the blood to the head and eyes by unusual
physical and mental exertions; pregnancy, violent vomiting; mastur¬
bation, unbridled anger, grief and other passions, abuse of stimu¬
lants, suppression of natural and habitual secretions, excessive
indulgence in venery, abuse of different stimulants such as. Opium.
Lead , Belladonna , Hyoscyamus , Stramonium , etc., abuse of bitter medi¬
cines as Quassia , Chinchona, Chamomilla , Chicory^ etc.; exercise in hot
sun; general debility, derangement of digestion; the depressing
emotions and the pressure of tumors upon the blood vessels of the
neck in such a manner as to prevent the return of blood to the brain.
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Amaurosis.
159
LOCAL CAUSES.
We include among these, morbid growths within the orbit; mechan¬
ical injuries of the eye; sudden transition from darkness to bright
light; lightning; frequent use of optical instruments, like the tele¬
scope and microscope; exostosis within the cranium; sanguineous
effusion upon the brain; injuries of the head. We might make
another classification which perhaps would give us a broader view of
the etiology of the affection.
Fvrtt.— Predisposing. Among these, hereditary disposition, dark
eyes; forced mental or physical exertion ; excess of passion ; pregnancy
and the puerperal state; habitual stooping; indigestion; abuse of
stimulants; suppressed discharges, menstrual derangement; gout,
rheumatism or scrofula; retrocession of eruptions; habitual constipa¬
tion; chronic diarrhoea; typhoid fevers; use of snuff; long con¬
tinued grief; nursing long continued; leucorrhoea ; masturbation ;
excessive use of sight on minute objects or in a bright glaring light;
strumous ophthalmia.
Second—Exciting. Very bright light, working with minute objects
by lamp or gas lights at late hours, strong shocks of electricity, as
lightning; long-continued over excitement of the eye; mechanical
injuries producing contusion, or concussion of the retina; Belladonna
or poisonous fungi; epileptic or other convulsions; apoplexia or
paralysis; injuries to fifth pair of nerves; hypochondriasis; accumu¬
lation of bile; fright; neuralgia with or without carious teeth; drying
up of old ulcers; cessation of menses; typhoid fever or scarlatina;
metastasis of gout or rheumatism ; syphilis; and abuse of Mercury.
DIAGNOSIS.
Amaurosis is generally distinguished from cataract by the loss of
sight being sudden or partial, presenting the appearance of fly-spots,
or motes covering parts of an object. In cataract, difficulty increases
very slowly, and loss of sight is proportionate to the opacity of the
lens, and sight is better in a dim light; while in amaurosis the loss
of sight is greater than the disturbance would warrant, and sight is
better in the morning after a refreshing sleep, and in a good light.
Pupil is generally circular, movable and not dilated in cataract. In
amaurosis it is immovable, not quite round and dilated. On examin¬
ation. we find in cataract a convex grayish opacity immediately
behind the pupil. In amaurosis, a concave, dirty, smoky, opacity deep
in the fundus of the eyes, sometimes absent. In amaurosis, with
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160
Amaurosis.
[February 16,
glaucoma the opacity is concave, but deep in the fundus, and nearly
always of a greenish shade. In incipient cataract it is grayish. In the
former the eyeball is firmer than natural. In the latter it is of the
usual firmness. In the glaucomatous form loss of sight progresses
slowly, occupying several years. In cataract sight rapidly declines.
SYMPTOMS.
The partial or total loss of sight which particularly characterizes
this disease is principally dependent upon a diseased condition of the
optic nerve and retina, although other structures occasionally parti¬
cipate in the disease. Amaurosis occurs at all ages, and in both
sexes, but is most common at cessation of menses in females, and at
the age of forty or fifty in males. Amaurosis may be perfect or
imperfect. In the former there is total loss of sight. In the latter, par¬
tial loss'of sight. In former patient cannot distinguish day from night;
in the latter the patient sees as through a gauze, or but halt of the
object, or double, or only when the eye is in a particular position
with respect to the object. The signs of the approach of the disease
are, pain in the forehead and temples, diminishing with the advance
of the amaurotic condition, and ceasing when it has become com¬
plete; vertigo, weakness, and cloudiness of vision apparent when
looking at distance and minute objects; abo sparks and motes or
muscte volitantes float before the eyes annoying the patient and impair¬
ing sight; in reading and writing, a stronger light than usual is
demanded. After these precursory symptoms the loss of vision
becomes gradually more complete, until after months or years there
remains a condition of settled and more or less perfect amaurosis. In
other instances the disease advances with rapidity, and terminates in
a partial or total loss of sight in a few days, and it is not uncommon
for it to occur instantaneously, leaving the patient in profound dark¬
ness. When either of these latter conditions obtains, there are gener¬
ally few signs which indicate the presence of so serious an affection.
The principal symptoms would be only a dilated and movable pupil,
and a loss of contractile power in the iris, and occasionally a slight
strabismus. But these symptoms are not always present. The shape
of the pupil is not quite round. We sometimes meet with the affec¬
tion in an intermittent form depending upon a peculiar state of the
system, as in pregnancy, disordered menstruation, hysteria, etc. It
is a point worthy of note that black eyes are far more subject to
amaurosis than blue or gray eyes. Baer supposes that where one blue
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1880.]
Amaurosis.
161
eye becomes amaurotic, at least twenty-five or thirty black ones
suffer.
PATHOLOGY.
First, amaurosis is perhaps always dependent upon some physical
change in the structure of the eye, though this is not always percepti¬
ble on dissection. Functional amaurosis, says Baer, proceeds from
direct depression of the vital sensibility of the eye, or from inordinate
excitement, and consequent exhaustion of this property. Mackenzie
thinks that in all these cases there is a certain degree of organic
derangement, even when dissection <Joes not reveal it.
Second, congestive or inflammatory state of the retina and adjoin¬
ing parts; varicose state of the vessels; unusual injection of the
minute arteries of the adjoining coats of the retina; complete retin¬
itis; exudations of lymph under the choroid: inflammation of the
external surface of the sclerotic coat, injection of the choroid and
adhesions of the retina to it; thickening morbid density of the retina,
change of color and ossification or wasting, of the retina.
Third, “ the optic nerve may be compressed or otherwise affected
by structural changes in parts contiguous to it.” (Coplands Vol. I.)
Fourth, diseases of the brain or its membranes may cause amau¬
rosis by impeded functions of the optic nerves, although the structure
of these nerves be uninjured. The most common of these are:
Organic lesions of the pineal and pituitary glands, sanguineous and
serous effusion, tumors, abscesses, softening of the brain.
PROGNOSIS.
f Whenjthe cause of the disease is evident, and one which can be
removed, the patient young, constitution good, partial or entire recov¬
ery may be looked for. When it has suddenly been induced; the pupil
being more nearly the natural form, and the eyeball not altered in
structure, the prognosis will be more favorable than when the^pupil is
fixed in a state of either expansion or contraction, or when the eyeball
is either soft or preternaturally hard, or when the back part of the eye
presents a greenish opacity. When the attack is sudden there may be
disease in the brain. If the symptoms have been developed in succes-
sion.there maybe a tumor, cyst or exostosis within the cranium, and in
all such cases, the prognosis must be unfavorable; and also in cases
where the cause has been long in operation, the loss of sight gradual
the constitution is much impaired, and the cause cannot be speedily
removed.
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162
Consultation Department.
TFebruary 15 ,
Amaurosis depending on morbid growth within the orbit or cranium
is considered incurable. A favorable prognosis may commonly be
entertained in those recent cases which depend on congestion of the
optic nerve, retina or thalami nervorum opticorum, arising from
general plethora, suppressed menstruation, or haemorrhoids. The
effect also of mechanical injuries, laceration, contusion and blows
upon the eye, it may frequently be cured.
TREATMENT.
This must of course depend upon the cause of the amaurotic condi¬
tion ; in one case drugs, in another electricity, may be employed;
and in all, as far as practicable, the state of the patient’s health
should be attended to. This can be done best by individualizing each
case and choosing the proper Homoeopathic remedies. The remedies
deserving of particular attention in this affection are as follows:
Aurum mur .—Sudden attack after scarlet fever and during child
bed, with cold perspiration, small pulse, quick, irregular breathing.
Belladonna.— After suppressed scarlet eruptions, with cerebral
symptoms.
Gelsemium .—With desire for light after apoplexy, congestion of the
head.
Nux vomica—In consequence of habitual use of intoxicating drinks.
Phosphorus .—Previous illusions of sight, and after sexual excesses.
Secale cor — With photophobia; suppressed secretion of tears;
stitching pain in the eyes; dilated pupils; blue and fiery dots flying
before the eyes.
Sulphur— After suppressed itch.
Veratrum vir .—Immense circles of green color around the candle,
which on closing the eyes turn red; vertigo; after loss of vital fluids.
Zincum — Suddenly coming and going, with headache; contracted
pupils.
Consultation Department.
PRURITUS VULV.E.
H. Crater will find his case is suffering from “ ascarides.” Give
rectum injections of Carbolic acid one to thirty in water, and apply
hot poultices of tansy leaves to the parts. R. W. Nelson.
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1880 .)
Consultation Department.
163
MALE LEUCORRHCEA.
E. M. Harrrison, in number tor February 1, 1880, asks some ques¬
tions in reference to “ male leucorrhoea.” I presume the term means
urethritis, acute or chronic. Like leucorrhoBa in women, there is a
cause; in this case I think careful exploration will show some pros¬
tatic trouble (as hypertrophy), or a vesical stone, probably from the
retention of the “ urethral ” calculi referred to. By all means interro¬
gate the prostate and sound for stone. J. G. Gilchrist.
WHAT WILL BE THE KFFECT ?
Will some one of the readers of The Invbstig vtor please inform
me what the effect will be on the system from giving Chloroform , one-
half drachm administered at once ? Will it injure the constitution by
administering by inhalation so as to bring the system under the
influence of it once, twice or three times per day for two or three days
and then every other day for two or three, then two or three times
per day again for-six months, will it constipate the bowels ?
M. D. Lane.
ANSWER TO CASE.
For Dr. Hullinger’s case on page 136 Medical Investigator we
advise one single dose of Thuja cm. (Fincke), and then wait. Give this
dose to the patient in the morning as soon as she rises, dry upon the
tongue eight or ten small pillets. Patient must not use coffee or tea
during the treatment. Chocolate or cocoa can be used if liked, and
also milk freely if it agrees with the stomach. Must give up practice
for the prese t and use moderate exercise outdoors. Better walk
than ride, if former is not overdone. When we say wait after the one
dose we mean wait, giving the drug ample;time to declare its action.
C. Carleton Smith. *
MORE WORMS.
I have a patient affected with ascarides since his birth, he is now
thirty-four years old and still constantly suffering with that terrible
itching, awaking nervous and worn down ; have tried ipecac, Feral.
Lycop . Gina, Merc. cor. Calcarea, Ignatia , Ratanhia— high and low. As
long as he is under the influence of either he is no more annoyed with
the itching, but as soon as he stops a day or two the intolerable itching
comes hack. Have given also Indigo. Please let me know the late
pathology of ascarides with its curative treatment.
A. B. de VlLLENE VUE.
[ Will Dr. Lippe “ draw a bead ” on this?—E d.]
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164
Consultation Department.
[February 16 ,
18 IT TRUE?
“ The return of frost was the signal for the return of the Memphian
Hahnemannians to their unfortunate city. When the plague set in
the HomooBopaths found it convenient to retire, notwithstanding the
boast of their ilk that similia similibus is effectual, even to the curing
of yellow fever. Of the forty-six resident regular physicians thirty-six
stood manfully at their post, and some of them went to their reward.”
—Michigan Med. News.
If the above is true we ought to known it. Let us have unimpeach¬
able testimony from the Memphis Homoeopaths themselves. Let
them defend themselves. Give us your names gentlemen.
A. F. Randall.
FOR J. E. 8.’S HEADACHE CA8E.
The case of J. E. S., in The Investigator, page 187, is one that
needs early relief or it will end seriously. The patient is evidently
suffering from cerebral congestion and possibly the spine is also con¬
gested. The symptoms given are rather meagre, but they point to
Kali brom. and SSecale comutum as the principal remedies. It may
be necessary in this case to use the constant electric current, and in
that case I would advise the doctor to get Dr. Butler’s Work on Elec¬
tro-Therapeutics and study it. Of course she should avoid everything
that would tax the mental powers, such as reading, thinking deeply,
etc., and should on no account use stimulants of any sort, particularly
anything of an alcoholic nature and Opium. J. D. Craig.
CASE FOR COUN8EL.
A lady, aged thirty-six, black hair and blue eyes, below medium
* size, weighs from ninety- five to one hundred and ten pounds, married
fifteen years but never had children. Fifteen years ago she became
constipated and would go a week without defecation. Later diar¬
rhoea would follow constipation until she was constantly troubled with
diarrhoea and constipation alternately. The last five years she has
been troubled with diarrhoea most of the time, though it checks up
occasionally and sometimes becomes constipated. Discharge is quite
thin and brown colored. Has griping pains before bowels move and
then feels easy but very weak. When diarrhoea is bad a watery leucor-
rhoea sets in which checks when bowels are better. Diarrhoea and
leucorrhoea go together. At present diarrhoea comes on in the morning
before daylight is better remainder of day. Has constant tickling in
Digitized by ^ooQie
1880. | Consultation Department. 165
4
throat with cough. At times has throbbing pain over right eye. Has
aching pains in region of liver and pain along the lower inner angle
of both shoulder blades. Bowels and feet generally cold. Tongue
clean and appetite fair. Has taken considerable medicine but not
much physic. W. H. Hall.
MORB TAPE WORM EXPERIENCE.
“ Is tenia a disease V” It seems to me to be as much a disease as
any foreign substance in the body might be called a disease, and the
only way to cure the disease is to remove the foreign body when the
cure will take place spontaneously, and there can be no health while
this foreign body remains disturbing the equilibrium of the system. I
agree with Dr. Pearson's articlejin January 15th number. Patient, a
man twenty-six worked in wire mills, began to run down, pain and
distress in stomach and bowels, passed segments of tape worm, food
did not do him much good, ambition gone. Here is the prescription
and the result:
B. Punica gratum radix ib ss.
Aqua Ojii.
Boiled down to two pints, to be taken in two doses one half hour
apart. With last dose take
$. Jalapa 3j.
Oleum anise gtt v.
To be taken on an empty stomach. This patient took this at one dose.
In one hour he had one hundred and nine feet of tape worm, head and
all.
This was over a year ago, has had no signs of tape worm since, is
now well and hearty. Does not result justify the treatment ?
D. 6. Shelden.
CASE FOR COUNSEL.
Mrs. B. aged about twenty-seven, had about six years ago an attack
of erysipelas and was treated Allopathically, had local applications of
Sugar of Lead water. After getting over the erysipelas her hands began
to show unmistakable evidence of lead poison, and are now much dis¬
torted, the wrist and finger joints being decidedly in the condition
noticed in lead poison cases; the strength of fingers and whole hand
generally is greatly diminished, she handles her fingers awkwardly and
uncertainly. About a year after the erysipelas she was married. Has
had one child, now about two and one-half years old. Child at birth
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166
[February 16,
Note |
on that Heart Case .
was pretty large, still she had a comparatively easy labor, no rupture
occurred. Befoie the birth she had her full share of sexual instincts
and desires, but since then has lost them all—she dreads and even has
a sickening aversion to an embrace—this has become worse gradually
and she experiences positive pain at such times. Even the slightest
touch of the clitoris produces pain which she cannot describe. The
clitoris appears to be very small and shrunken, in fact can scarcely
be detected at all. Her husband, a most exemplary man, has res¬
pected her condition and for many months has entirely abstained
from sexual intercourse.
About five months ago, after getting worn out in attendance upon
her sick mother, she had a severe attack of ovarites, (right side), was
delirious for two days but made a good recovery, but with an exten¬
sive external and internal ulceration of os and cervex uteri. The dis¬
charges from this was acrid and excoriating. Three or four local
applications of fluid extract of Hydrastis , together with Kali tod. 30th
a few doses followed by Bell. 200th, have entirely cured this ulcerated
condition, and she now is in pretty good health generally. There
remains however the dread of sexual intercourse, which both she and
her husband are anxious should be removed. Suggestions will be
thankfully received. “ P.”
Therapeutical Department.
NOTES ON THAT HEART CASE.
On page 04, (January 15th number), Dr. J. C. M. bestows some
thoughts on an article of mine published in the number for December
15th (page 432), in which I have described a case of mitral regurgita¬
tion with suppressed murmur in the last stage. Such criticisms are
often beneficial, as they tend to stimulate, us to closer study and
greater care. The numbered sentences in quotation marks are his.
“ 1. No valvular first sound of the heart was heard; hence no
mitral regurgitation was demonstrated.”
Now the valvular element of the first sound is produced by the clos¬
ing of the mitraljand tricuspid valves, but .mostly the mitral, the tri¬
cuspid being but faintly audible. This is a fact now universally rec-
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1880 .]
Notes on that Heart Case.
167
ognized, and I trust, needs no proof. The sound produced is in all
probability the direct result of the sudden tension of the valves and
chordse tendinis, as the former dose and arrest the backward How of
blood at each ventricular contraction. If, now, the mitral valve does
not close perfectly what is the result V Evidently the sudden tension
is diminished and the sound correspondingly modified, while we have
an accompaniment, a systolic apex murmur from mitral regurgitation.
If the valves do not close at all, but, in consequence of their crippled
condition, merely make a stiffened awkward movement in the direc¬
tion of the opening, there is no sudden tension and consequently no
valve sound, while the murmur of mitral regurgitation takes its place.
The murmur is then said to be substitutive. Accordingly, the presence
and not the absence of the valvular first sound, would have argued
against the existence of mitral regurgitation. As further evidence,
permit me to quote: u Mitral lesions impair the mitral portion of the
valvular element of the first or systolic sound, other things being
equal, in proportion to the extent of the injury to the mitral valves,
which the lesions have occasioned.” (Flint, Diseases of the Heart,
p. 231). Again, speaking of mitral regurgitation when the valve is
utterly incapacitated. 44 In such cases the systolic or rellux murmur
is substitutive, in other words, xt replaces the first sound , or by depriv¬
ing it of its valvular elements reduces it to a simple impulse sound.”
(Hayden Diseases of the Heart and Aorta, p. 233).
44 2. This impossibility of hearing the valves is equivalent to muf¬
fled first sound.” Genuine 44 muffled first sound ” is perhaps most
frequently met with in pure hypertrophy of the left ventricle. Con¬
sidered alone, however, it possesses but little diagnostic value.
44 3. Heart-clot or pericardial dropsy is to be inferred.” Heart-clot
is far more frequently found on the right side than the left; (Hayden,
Schroetter), and in that case would only serve to intensify the first
sound, both (mitral) valvular and muscular. It is more likely to occur
during the last few hours of life, and, in fact, generally hastens the
fatal end. 44 Muffled first sound ” would hardly suggest pericardial
dropsy without failure of the mitral valve, as in that condition the
valvular element predominates over the muscular. If the valvular
element is feeble the muscular element is more so. 44 On auscultation
the heart sounds are heard dear and distinct , but not loud,” (Forther-
gill, pp. 247-8).
44 4. Pericardial dropsy agrees with general dropsy.” Very true,
but general dropsy is a natural, and, I might say necessary consequence
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168
Notes on that Heart Case .
[February 16,
of the general venous congestion arising from the complete failure of
the tricuspid, which in this case was consecutive to mitral failure.
“ 5. Acute rheumatism long previous—was slight—had caused no
sequelae—was probably, therefore, harmless to the heart so long
after.”
You will see by my article that I did not say it had left no sequel®.
Rheumatic endocarditis is very commonly unrecognized, and is not
usually a dangerous affection, save through its sequel®. These
sequel® consist of such distortion of the valves, and most frequently
mitral, as to give rise to obstruction or regurgitation, or both. If
regurgitation alone results the patient will, in most cases, suffer little
or no inconvenience for some time at least, and many live for years
without any knowledge of the existence of any cardiac difficulty. In
fact, it is not usually recognizable at this stage except by a physical
examination. The left ventricle very soon becomes sufficiently hyper¬
trophied to enable it to meet the increased demands upon it without
effort; hence there is no palpitation and dyspnoea. Sooner or later,
however, dilatation comes to predominate over the hypertrophy, and
the heart struggles and palpitates, especially upon exertion, but is
unable to carry the blood away from the lungs; these become
engorged with the blood, there is ever increasing dyspnoea which is
worse when lying down and often even compels the patient to sit
up. This pulmonay stagnation interferes with the emptying of the
right ventricle, and it in turn becomes dilated and somewhat hyper¬
trophied, and finally the tricuspid valve gives way, the blood regurgi¬
tates into the right auricle ana even into the ven® cav®, and we
have pulsation in the veins with everv contraction of the right ven¬
tricle, and engorgement of the entire venous system with impairment
of function in every organ of the body, and yellow-jaundice skin. The
pressure upon the veins is so great that general dropsy ensues; first
in the feet, and afterwards extending upwards until death comes to
the sufferer’s relief. During this time the kidneys have not only par¬
ticipated equally with the other organs in the impairment of function
from the general venous congestion, but even previous to the tri¬
cuspid failure, there has been some deficiency in the amount of urine
secreted, in consequence of the diminished arterial tension from fail¬
ure of the mitral valve and left ventricle. After the.tricuspid fails the
arterial tension of course becomes still less, while that upon the veins
is increased. If at any time the heart walls can be strengthened, the
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Notei on that Heart Com.
1880 .]
arterial tension* upon the kidneys is increased with a resulting
increase in the quantity of urine.
Such, in brief, is the history of a case of mitral insufficiency result¬
ing from rheumatism, and I suppose I need not substantiate it by any
quotations. The fact that the acute rheumatism occurred several
years previous will then have no weight as against my diagnosis.
Again speaking of rheumatism ; “ I am much more inclined to side
with Vogel and others who do not recognize any such distinctions
between severe and slight cases as regards their influence on cardiac
complications,’ (Rosen tine, Dis., of Endocardium, p. 85). My own
experience has- been similar.
“8. No inquiry into other causes of dropsy seems to have been
made—no chemical or microscopical examination of the urine, etc.
Hence no differentiation from Bright’s disease was possible. Urine *
scanty and dark.” The patient and friends had no knowledge of any
renal symptoms ever having been present with the exception of the
scanty and highly colored urine, which, they said, first showed itself
after the dropsy began. This symptom, as we have already seen, is a
natural consequence of heart failure, and, although it had in all
probability, been present to a limited extent before the giving way of
the tricuspid valve, it had at that time escaped their observation.
“ 7. The duration (previously) of illness places the origin of it in
the spring, the catarrhal season.” No more appropriate time could
be found for the over-worked left ventricle to lose its compensatory
power and give way in ever increasing dilatation, with consequent
palpitation on exertion, pulmonary engorgement, and dyspnoea.
Observe, then, that in my description of the case I said: “ The patient’s
illness had been of several months duration, the first symptoms
observed having been shortness of breath, with palpitation on ^exer¬
tion.”
“8. He probably died of unrecognized catarrhal nephritis/—sub¬
acute Bright’s disease, involving the serous membranes, etc., atonic
inflammation— hydropericardium^ oedema of the lungs and anasarca
resulting.” The italics are his, although hydropericardium is a com¬
mon attendant of the last stage of cardiac'disease, the amount of fluid
in this case was certainly not great. When the quantity of fluid in
the pericardium is considerable, the impulse is generally imperceptible
except when the patient is either lying on the face or sitting up with
a more or less forward inclination, and then only the apex is percept¬
ible, while in this case, although apparently feeble, it could as well
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Notes on that Heart Case . [February 15 ,
when the patient was leaning back on pillows, be distinctly felt over
a large space extending from near the sternum to considerably
beyond the left nipple, thus showing extensive enlargement of both
ventricle8,which is a natural consequence of valve failure.
In Bright’s disease the first symptoms would most likely have been
renal, as pain and tenderness over one or both kidneys; in this case
the first symptoms were cardiac , the : symptoms of beginning heart
failure end of valvular insufficiency, palpitation on exertion, dyspnoea
etc. In Bright’s disease, the dropsy would likely have begun about
the eyes or perhaps the genitals; in this case it began in the feet and
extended upwards, as in cardiac disease. InBright’s disease the skin
would have been pale and waocen (Buckner and others ); in this case
it was of a very decidedly jaundiced hue, as in the last stages of valve
ular disease. In short, the entire history of the case, and the totality*
of the-symptoms at the time of the examination, in my judgement,
fully warranted the diagnosis which I then made, and would be com¬
pelled to make now. The only difficulty would be found in the
absence, at that time, of the systolic apex murmur, for; “ Murmur is
the most distinctive, the only pathognomonic sign of mitral regurgita¬
tion.” ( Hayden, p. 980). But my article in the number for Dec. 15th
was not written as a positive evidence of the occasional suppression
of a murmur in the last stage of valvular disease, but merely as a
reminder of such suppression, and in order to remove, if possible, a
fruitful source of error not only in diagnosis and prognosis, but
especially in therapeutics. That tricuspid failure and cardiac debility
occasionally cause the murmur to cease (the regurgitation still per¬
sisting ), there can be no doubt. “ Murmurs often become audible
when the heart’s action is improved by treatment which were pre¬
viously inaudible,” (Forthergill, p. 96). Again : “ Another fact must
not be overlooked, and that is the absence of murmurs in left side
valvular disease after the tricuspid valve has become affected.” (Same
p. 375).
I do not doubt that had Dr. J. C. M., been present with me at the
examination he would have arrived at^the same diagnosis as myself.
Distance is often responsible for errors, and mistakes in diagnosis are
made at a distance of a thousand miles when they would not have
been made at the bed-side.
LaFayette, Ind. W. P. Armstrong.
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1880.1
Syphilis vs. Hydrogenoid.
171
SYPHILIS VS. HYDBOQENOID.
In the August 15th number of The United States Medical
Investigator, a correspondent quotes a case of his own, which he
styles hydrogenoid, and finds fault with Dr. von Grauvogl with regard
to his theory of hydrogenoid, because our writer had not been able
to cure a certain case of chronic gohorrhoea of seven years standing,
on the very theory of hydrogenoid. He asserts, by the way, that his
patient had all the symptoms given by Grauvogl as indicative of the
so-called hydrogenoid constitution, which was claimed to be the soil
on which gonorrhoea flourished, and whereon syphilis would not
develop, etc.
To that I would make the following reply: The evidence of a
hydrogenoid constitution is by no means furnished by the mere asser-
ion that the patient was the bearer of such a constitution, so long as
the correspondent does not state precisely the essential symptoms of
the same. The simple fact of an existing gonorrhoea, either acute or
chronic, is not sufficient proof in itself of the real existence of such
a disposition. Grauvogl never maintained that the “ flourishing of a
gonorrhoea,” as the writer expresses himself, would occur exclusively
on the soil of a hydrogenoid organism. On the other hand, Grauvogl
declared explicitly that the lues gonorrhoica or general infection of the
human system, by means of the gonorrhoeal or sycotic poison, may
only take place in a decided hydrogenoid organism.
A stricture of the urethra of a small or large calibre is per se no
sign whatever of a universal infection , nay, it is as such solely a local
affection , and requires a local treatment either by medicinal or
surgical remedies, and does not depend at all upon a general
causa morbifica. Therefore, Natrum sulph. and Thuja , the vaunted
specific agencies for the hydrogenoid constitution, as well as the
general sycotic infection, could not display the least curative power
towards that obstinate case of a urethral stricture; and even suppose
that a hydrogenoid condition was actually given, the Natrum sulph.
would surely have cured it without touching the local suffering. If
the patient had been laboring still by the evident symptoms of a
hydrogenoid nature at the time when the article above mentioned was
written, it should have been impossible for him to “ contract syphilis
three times within two years” for he could never have performed such
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Syphilis vs. Hydrogenoid.
[February 16,
a feat once, and still less three times. By the strict term syphilis , I
comprehend, according to modern pathology, the indurated primary
ulcer and indurated bubo, with or without secondary or tertiary
appearances; the soft chancre or chancroid with its consequences
being definitely excluded therefrom, belonging as it does, together
with the gonorrhoeal virus, to the term sycosis , in accordance with the
terminology ruling in our Homoeopathic profession.
In a logical point of view the case presents this aspect: The
patient was either affected with the hydrogenoid constitution for some
time, and was afterwards cured of it by the appropriate medicines,
or he was never possessed of it during the whole period of his seven
years’ treatment, so that he was fairly enabled to contract syphilis
three ^ times within two years, and thus to exhibit to the professional
and unprofessional world the astounding spectacle of a real master
on the royal road of syphilis. We need not be so very stingy with
the'epitbet of a master , as Webster in his famous Dictionary defines
this expression; “a man highly skilled in his occupation, art, science,
etc.” The*predicate of infallibility is not required at all for a master.
Therefore Hahnemann and Grauvogl are rightfully called masters;
others may also claim this honorable title in medical science and in
our Homoeopathic department, although with a grain less distinction.
However, in the particular skill of contracting syphilis three times in
two years like a regular foreman or contractor, under so unusually
trying and at times even maniac circumstances, the palm may justly
be attributed to that distinguished laborer — the hydrogenoid or oxy-
genoid , or somewhat confouuded, though not altogether infallible,
desperate master-workman of syphilis.
Beading “ Mills’ Elements of Logic,” without properly digesting
such reading, is certainly of no consequence. Logic must be studied
profoundly; a mere reading of it, like a novel or story, is very far
from being sufficient. A great deal more important, however, than
all the theoretical study of logic , is an intellect well educated by a
classical training of several years’ duration, so that the reasoning
mind may possess some instinctive intuition and correct sensation , as it
were, of the manifold laws of thinking in the abstract {in abstracto ),
without being exactly conscious of the various theoretical rules
thereof. Such an instinctive intuition and correct tender feeling of the
reasoning power may be exclusively acquired by a long-continued
exercise of the mind and its vehicle—the cerebral substance.
At this juncture I can not avoid referring to an article published on
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1880.
Syphilis vs. Hydnrogenoid.
178
page 896 of December last of this periodical under the caption of
“ Saltiness,” by a contributor signed twith the initials D. K. M.
Citing a couple of sentences printed on page 467 of a former number,
which contain a very sample of confused thinking and high falutin
writing in a striking illogical manner, he puts the most pertinent
query: “ Why is it* our journals are filled with such nonsensical
jargon ?° Endorsing every word of that frank and outspoken writer,
I would venture to give the appropriate answer to it in these humble
and unassuming words: “ But then ho one ever.hinted to the author
of the article of ‘ Hydrogenoid,’ nor to the composer of the article of
‘Saltiness’” in the person of our respectable colleague, J>. K. M.,
the essential and only pathological reason ol such medico-physical
phenomena. Kota thorough search of this subject alone, but also a
superficial glance at it, shows in anlunmistakable manner that at the
bottom of those mental disorders are spread out nothing else but
strictures of the brain of large and small calibre , which are frequently
more obstinate and difficult to cure than the strictures of large and
small calibre of the urethra of the male sexual organs. Hence the
various writing of big and little articles in our journals, arising from
such a source and presenting the palpable nature of cerebral strictures
in the light of pathological anatomy.
In all foreign countries without exception, a physician must invari¬
ably undergo some classical learning of several years, before he is
admitted to the professional study at a high school, in quite the same
way as a candidate of other learned professions, jurisprudence,
theology, etc. A student of medicine, who has occupied himself
with the study of Latin, Greek, and the critical reading of its
authors, of mathematics, logic and philosophical sciences, etc., is at
any rate much better qualified, in the average, than a tyro, who has
never exercised his brain in a particular way, and who has been
engaged in manual labor, or has been inactive most of the time pre¬
viously.
In like manner a person set to hard physical work about the years
of twenty, the^flrst time in his life, will not be able to endure the
same degree of muscular strain and show as much dexterity as a man
who has been,[ performing the same, or a similar kind of physical
labor, for some years previous.
In view of such facts, it is quite easily explainable, why a dis¬
tinguished „pro;essor of Hahn mann College once remarked in a cer¬
tain article of his, printed in this journal, that he would oftentimes
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■ * •
174 Cancer Sufferers. [February 15, •
make the greatest efforts to raise some students to the rank of physi¬
cians, with very little or no success. If the words are not exactly
identical with his utterance, they would surely convey that idea.
Now it is self-evident that our prominent colleague, like the rest of
all teachers of the Homoeopathic and other colleges within the United
States, should be spared an immense amount of labor, if he together
with the whole numoer of medical teachers had to deal exclusively
with students of such a mental cultivation as to be found in all
foreign countries unexceptionally.
Regarding the quantity and quality of the vast number of some
sixty thousand examined medical practitioners in this country, it is a
serious matter of the gravest importance, involving the dignity and
livelihood of the medical profession, as well as the welfare of suf¬
fering mankind, to take into rational consideration, without delay,
whether steps ought not to be taken directly, to reduce gradually that
disproportionate and enormous number of the followers of Escula-
pius, and by so doing to elevate the educational standard of our
medical schools and physicians simultaneously.
According to reliable statistical reports, there are about three times
as many examined physicians on the sacred soil of this country as in
Great Britain and France, four times as many as in Austria, five times
as many as in Germany, in a comparative proportion to the popula¬
tion. One-half as many colleges and doctors of medicine as we
actually have already, the former with twice as much time for prac¬
tical teaching, and the latter with twice as much learning in general,
might promote the dignity and material interest of the medical pro¬
fession, and also protect at the same time the people afflicted with
sickness, in a by far more satisfactory manner.
Chicago, January 1880 . Mbdicus.
CANCER SUFFERERS.
BY J. B. DUNHAM, M. D., MONTICELLO, IND.
Having in a comparatively short period of practice met with an
unusual number of cancers, and having felt how utterly helpless we
are in the treatment of this malady, 1 have decided to ask that you
request such unfortunates to send me their address. I in return will
send them a list of printed questions, the same to be returned to tne
as soon as possible. The ultimate object of thus collecting from
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1880.]
Notes from Practice,
175
numerous cases will be to discover the prodromic symptoms. A con¬
sumptive diathesis may be discerned before tubercles are present in
the lungs. A scrofulous constitution makes its presence known even
in the early stages by unmistakable symptoms. But with a cancerous
diathesis it is different. Such a condition is only spoken of after the
cancer makes its appearance and at a stage, in the previously occult
malady, where the meat skillful can only hold the enemy in check for
a time by severing one of his many arms. And yet the grim monster
often evacuates one field, but to intrench himself more stongly in a
less accessible one. At present all we know is to remove in the most
practicable manner this objective symptom. May we not, however,
by careful study of a large number of cases, during years, be enabled
to destroy the enemy ere he has begun his final work of destruction ?
This is no advertising dodge to enable us to gain the addresses of
cancer patients; but a bona fide attempt on our part to study these
cases for the benefit of posterity. Of course, I as well as you, shall
treat these cases if they are presented in the best and only manner
known at present, viz., by a removal of diseased parts in the most
practicable manner. Any information gained through this source
that may be of general interest will with pleasure be placed before
you in this journal.
NOTES FROM PRACTICE .
SICK HEADACHE.
I have been quite successful of late in mitigating and often in
breaking up altogether sick headache by prescribing Qelsemium semp
2x on the approach of premonitory symptoms. In the majority of cases
however, Nux. v. gives me the greatest satisfaction, particularly is this
true in the male who is in the habit of using tobacco, strong tea or
coffee. Ipecac has served me well in many cases where nausea and
vomiting were present. Sepia and Silicea in some conditions with the
female work admirably.
NURSING SORE MOUTH.
Mrs M. applied through her father for medicine for the above com¬
plaint. I sent her Eupat. are. Sx Baptisia 3x. In a large majority of
cases these remedies are sufficient for a cure. I am in the habit how-
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176
R
ever if the easels anyjway complicated of prescribing as a wash Hydr.
can.
DUMB AGUE.
I always cure and that speedily with a few powders of Nux in SaU2x.
CHOLERA INFANTUM.
Child eighteen monthswas taken with nausea and vomiting, rice
water evacuations, cold extremities, cold sweat on forehead and to all
appearances, death was not far off. A few doses of Arsen, and Verat-
rum vir . changed the condition at once, and the child made [a rapid
recovery. F.
Medical News.
Hahnemann Medical College Commencement will.be held February 27,
Prof. Hawkes valedictorian.
O. C. McDermott , M. D., oculist, of Milwaukee goes to Cincin¬
nati to succeed Prof. Wilson.
Prof. T. P. Wilson , has removed from Cincinnati to Ann Arbor to
accept the chair of Theory and Practice. The Advance is still at Cin¬
cinnati.
Prof. Chas. Gatchell has resigned his chair in the Homoeopathic
Department of Michigan University, (and the triangular fight) and
returned to Milwaukee to resume the practice of medicine.
Who are the Secretaries.—Can you give me the address of the secre¬
tary of the Western Academy of Hommopathy, also of the American
Institute of Homoeopathy ? C. C. Pillsbury.
C. H. Goodman, M. D., St. Louis, is secretary of the Western Acad¬
emy, and J. C. Burger, M. D., of Pittsburg, of the American Institute.
Married.—Dr. Solon Ross, a graduate of Chicago Homoeopathic
College, 1879, was married to Miss Lena Follette, at the residence of
her father, Dr. Follette, of Normal, Ill., Feb. 10. About forty friends
were present. Dr. Ross and his bride goes to Beloit, Kansas, where he
locates, going into partnership with. Dr. Gliddon. In this double
partnership we wish the dootor much success.
J. H. Buffam, M. D., resident physician of the New York Ophthal¬
mic Hospital, has been elected as Prof, W. H. Woodyatt’s successor
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1880 .]
Medical Neva.
in the Chicago Homoeopathic College. We cordially extend to Prof.
Bnffam a western welcome. Our readers are familiar with his name
in connection with the monthly reports of the Ophthalmic Hospital.
We are sure they will be pleased to read some of his valuable glean¬
ings from experience.
Dr. Brown Sequard delivered a course of lectures in Chicago under
the auspices of the Chicago Medical Press Association, on Paralyais
and Convulsions, as effects of diseases of the base of the brain.
While they might be peripheral at times he thought they were chiefly
centric. His treatment consisted of counter irritants, e. </., electricity,
actual cautery, etc., and large doses of Strychnia . From one-thirtieth
to one-tenth of a grain, and in some cases keeping the patient rigidly
stiff for days. Produce spasm to cure spasm, that is crude Homoe¬
opathy surelv! His treatment is based on his theory of the disease.
When some of these acute observers or sage reasoners, having aband¬
oned the law of diet—contrana—rediscover the law of cure— similia
—and enter the study of our provings, they will find that there are
many remedies for these symptomatic affections.
Prof. W. H. WoodyatVs death, as was announced in our last,
occurred suddenly January 31. His illness was brief, beginning as
tonsillitis, it rapidly assumed the malignant type of diphtheria and he
died from heart failure. Dr. W. came to Chicago in 1871 and was our
first Homocepathic oculist. His zeal, scientific acumen and genial
good nature drew about him a host of friends both in and out of the
profession. At our society meetings he always had something new,
practical and scientific on remedial action. He was a close student of
medical effects and had collected a mass of data that would cover
Homoeopathy with glory in the field of ophthalmology. Fortunately*
these are all carefully recorded in his case books and we hope will be
given to the profession as a monument more enduring than marble.
He was one of the founders of the Chicago Homoeopathic College. At
a meeting of the Faculty of the Homoeopathic College held at the
college building, Prof. Mitchell, president of the college,’'presided,
and the following resolutions, presented by a committee consisting of
Robert N. Tooker, Julia Holmes Smith, and Edwin M. Hale, were
unanimously adopted:
“Whereas, The Chicago Homoeopathic College has met with the
loss of one of its founders and most effectual workers: and
“ Whereas, We desire to publicly testify to his manifold virtues,
his true, genial and earnest manhood: therefore,
“ Resolved, That in the death of Dr. Woodyatt the medical profes¬
sion of the city and country has met with a great and irreparable loss;
that science must mourn a most valuable investigator, and truth an
honest defender.
“ Resolved , That the suffering and needy can rarely find so'kind and
skillfull a friend and surgeon, and that the beneficiaries of the college
must share our grief.
“ Resolved , That in the loss of our beloved colleague we have the
happy memory of a most genial companion, an honest and enthusias¬
tic co-laborer, a staunch and unflinching friend of all good, a physician
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Medical News.
178
[February 15
in the truest and best sense of the word, a Christian gentleman, a
thoroughly true man.
“ Resolved , That one consolation in this our hour of deep bereave¬
ment is in the blessed recollections of the life of our brother, so brief,
yet so rich in fruitage ; like the Christian philosopher, he met the king
of terrors, being busied when the summons came, as was his daily
wont, in humane, beneficent, public-spirited, noble actions.
“ Resolved , That we must count ourselves richer that we may have
the right to mourn.
“ Resolved . That we extend to the bereaved widow, family and
friends of our departed brother our most heartfelt condolence, with
the assurance that we will emulate his virtues and revere his memory.
Resolved , That a copy of these resolutions be presented to his
widow, and be published in the daily papers.”
The students of the Chicago Homoeopathic College held a meeting
to take suitable action in reference to the death. of Professor Wood-
yatt. Mr. H. K. Winne was in the chair and Mr. Adams was Secre¬
tary. A committee was chosen, consisting of Miss Chapin, Mrs.
Hotchkiss, Miss Hannah, and Messrs. H. Towne and C. G. Fuller, to
prepare resolutions which were adopted, as follows :
Whereas, Our beloved teacher, W. H. Woodyatt, M. D., has been
removed from us by death ; therefore be it
“ Resolved , That in our loss we miss a teacher who was ever pains¬
taking and earnest, ever ready with words of encouragement and
friendly kindness, to make more plain the lessons which he taught us;
that science has lost a devoted student and mankind a noble Christian
whose life was but the reflection of the golden rule of that greatest of
all Teachers; and be it further
u Resolved , That as a token of the esteem and admiration we bore
for him, aud as an expression of our feelings for her to whom the bur¬
den of this sorrow is greatest, we extend to the widow and family our
heartfelt sympathies in this common sorrow.
“ Resolved , That a copy of these resolutions be presented to them
and to each of the daily papers.
The funeral services took place in Union Park Church. A large
number of friends, the faculty, and students of the Chicago Homoeo¬
pathic College and the profession in a body, paid their last tribute to
the deceased.
At a meeting of the Clinical Society of Hahnemann Medical Col¬
lege the following resolutions of respect to the memory of Dr. W. H.
Woodyatt were ad >pted:
Whereas, Having learned of the recent death of Dr. W. H. Wood¬
yatt, of this city, an ex-professor in the Hahnemann Medical College
and Hospital, be it
fc ‘ Resolved , That in this dispensation of Divine Providence the prof-
fession has sustained a severe loss, and recognize that youthful prom¬
ise and professional capacity are no safeguard against the shafts of
the great destroyer; and be it also
“ Resolved That we hereby tender our sympathies in this bereave¬
ment to his afflicted family and friends, and to the medical profession
at large: and
“ Resolved , That a copy of these resolutions be furnished to the
family of the deceased, and also for publication in the daily papers
and the medical journals.
The Chicago Academy of Homoeopathic Physicians and Surgeons
also passed resolutions of respect to him of whom a correspondent
remarked: “ Death chose a shining mark this time, sure.”
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THK
UNITED STATES
Medical Investigator
A SEMt-MONTHLT JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE.
New Series. Vol. XI., No. 5.—MARCH 1,1880.— Whole No. 267.
Materia Medica Department.
THE ALSTON 1A BARKS .
Considerable interest is manifested in Pharmaceutical circles in
regard to a new remedy introduced from Australia and offered as a
substitute for the Cinchona alkaloids, under the name of Australian
Fever Bark. It is obtained from the alstonia constricta, a tall
shrub found in Queensland and in New South Wales, belonging to
the natural order apocynaceae. It is reported to be a common remedy
for malarial diseases
among the natives of New
South Wales, and as hav¬
ing been used as a substi¬
tute for hops in the manu¬
facture of beer in Aus¬
tralia, where it is also
used as an anti-periodic
by the aborigines. Some
confusion also exists, as
another species of alstonia
(A. scholaris), found in the
Philippine Islands, Java
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180
The Alstonia Barks.
[Mabch 1,
ward as a medical agent within a few years. This is, perhaps,
hardly surprising, as the latter species is also recommended as an
anti-periodic. The Pharmaceutical history of the former since its
introduction into the United States, is quite fully given in an article
by Chas. Mohr, in the American Journal of Pharmacy for August,
1879, who states that Prof. Scudder, of Cincinnati, first called the
attention of pharmacists in this country to the article, and that he
[Prof. S.] obtained it from parties
who intended to make it the basis
of an “anti-periodic” nostrum.
Dr. Mohr states that as a micro¬
scopic examination of the bark re¬
vealed a wide difference from A.
scfyolaris, he subjected the sub¬
stance to a chemical examination
with a view of obtaining an alka¬
loid or other characteristic constit¬
uents of the drug. “ The alcoholic
extract, precipitated with ammon¬
ia, gave a brown flocculent precip¬
itate, freely soluble in ether. The
ethereal solution left on evapora- Fig * 2 * Al8tonia Scholaris *
tion a yellow, amorphous, very bitter substance, slightly soluble in
water, readily soluble in alcohol, Chloroform , diluted mineral acids,
and Potassic hydrate. All its solutions are highly fluorescent, the
blue color appearing by transmitted light, even in solutions highly
diluted. Concentrated Nitric acid dissolves the dry substance with
a deep red color, turning yellow when heated. These reactions
are in all instances the same as those peculiar to Alstonia , the alka¬
loid discovered by F. v. Mueller and Pummel in the bark of Alstonia
constricta , and leave no doubt as to its identity with that organic
base.”
In the extract of the bark by Hydrochloric acid , Dr. Mohr found
another principle insoluble in Ether, alcohol. Chloroform, and Potassic
hydrate. The solutions of this substance are not fluorescent or bitter
and as they are not precipitated by Mercurio-potassic iodide, Platinic
chloride, or Tannic acid, he infers it is a Glucoside. To confirm his
investigation, he submitted a piece of the bark to Sir Joseph Hooker,
who informed him that it was, as he supposed, the bark of Alstonia
constricta. It is proper in this connection to add that the correctness
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1880.]
The Alstonia Barks .
181
of y. Mueller and Hummel’s results were disputed by Hesse, who
expressed the opinion that the supposed Alstonia was a mixture of
other substances, and that still more recently Oberlin and Schlagden-
hauffen have announced the isolation of two alkaloids, one crystal-
lizable and the other amorphous, from the bark in question. This
alkaloid, for which they propose to retain v. Mueller’s name, alstonia,
exhibits the characteristic blue fluorescence and the bitter taste of v.
Mueller’s Alstonia and similar solubilities, but crystallizes in silky
Fig. 3. Transverse section of A. Constricta.
c. Bundles of bast cells.
d. Parenchyma.
tufts of brilliant, colorless, isolated or stellate crystals. The amor¬
phous alkaloid of these investigators was left on the spontaneous
evaporation of the mother liquor of Alstonia , and it is suggested by
them that it bears the same relation to the crystallizable alkaloid that
Quinine does to Quinia, and for which they propose the name alston-
icine.
The accompanying engravings (figs. 1 and 2) represent very faith¬
fully the appearance of the barks in question. The most noticeable
peculiarity of A. constricta is the presence of a very unequal layer of
cork cells, giving a deeply furrowed and fissured external surface,
comparable in this respect to the bark of the pine family. Beneath
the cork is a layer of liber containing numerous bast cells, arranged
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182
The Alstonia Barks.
[March 1,
somewhat in regular bundles, (fig. 3c) both in shape, which approaches
a square or oblong, and the position of the budles, in rows, which are
separated by parenchymatous tissue (fig. 3d.) The individual bastcells
are strongly thickened in successive layers, giving them a striated
Fig. 4. Vertical section or A. Constricts.
(I. Rapides.
e. Bundles of bast cells.
/. Parenchyma.
ppearance, which is quite striking when viewed in transverse sections
under polarized light, and sometimes pitted. The ends are united
proscenchymatously, and the bundles are accompanied by numerous
short prismatic crystals (fig. 4d.) Many of the parenchyma cells can-
tain granules of starch, which are tolerably regular in size, averaging
probably between 1-1600 to 1-2000 in., in diameter, as well as shape
and which shows a cross under polarized light.
The bark of A. scholaris shows nearly the same structure under the
microscope, but the bast cells are not grouped with any regularity in
any of the specimens examined by the writer, and the individual bast
cells have a considerably greater diameter. Certain of the bast cells
show a central cavity, and probably fill the office of lactiferous ducts.
(See Sachs’ Text Book of Botany, p. 112.) Many of these are filled
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1880.]
The Alstonia +**rks.
183
with a reddish substance, probably resinous, as it soon dissolves when
the section is placed in alcohol. This, like the Australian bark, con-
Fig. 5. Transverse seci i n of A. Scholarls.
/ • and ducts.
h. Parenchyma; some cells containing starch.
tains starch, and along the bundles of bast are chains of raphides
resembling in shape and size those shown in A. constricta.—The Drug-
qisV Review , Chicago.
OBSERVATIONS BY E. M. HALE, M. D., PROF. OF MATERIA MEDICA IN
THE CHICAGO HOMOEOPATHIC COLLEGE.
The above article from the Druggists’ Review is of special interest
at this time from the fact that many physicians of our school are using
a medicine labelled Alstcnia constricta. Those who are familiar with
the history of the introduction of this drug will remember that the
first sample of Alstonia bark which appeared in this country was sent
to me by Dr. Cathcart, of Australia, who stated that it was called by
the natives “Bitter Bark,” and by the English “Native Quinine
Bark.” Dr. Cathcart said it was useful as a substitute for Quinta, and
that the package of the bark which he sent me was named by a resi¬
dent botanist, “ Alstonia constrtctu.”
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184
Extreme Effects of Cotckicum.
[March 1
At that time I had never seen any mention of the Alstonia , and
could not do otherwise than adopt the name Dr. C., Rave it. My'recol-
lection of the appearance of the bark he sent me is that.it resembled
(fig. 2), in the above, and not at all like (fig. 1). It may be that the bark
I had wastaken from the young branches and therefore would not show
the cork portion figured in No. 1. In fact I believe Dr. C., maintained
that the bark was taken from young branches or shoots. I do not con¬
sider, however, that there is any essential difference in medicinal
effect, aa both species belong to the same genus , and both are used as
“ anti-periodics ” and “tonics.” There is probably the same differ¬
ence that is to be found in the various species of Cinchona .
No provings of Alstonia have been published although Ilunderstand
several fragmentary ones have,been made. But on inquiry at the
various pharmacies I find that a good deal .of it is used, and that pur¬
chasers claim to get good effects in agnes and debility ■ from exhaus¬
tive diseases. I have only used it in the loss of appetite , gastric irrita¬
bility. prostration, and nervous exhaustion of persons addicted to
alcoholic liquors. I should not be surprised if it came to rival the
celebrated “ specific for drunkenness,” Cinchona rubra , so much
abused of late. (It is not generally known that Hahnemann first
recommended Cinchona rubra for^the effects of drunkenness, if indi¬
cated by the symptoms. The same indication if followed by Homoeo¬
paths will enable them to cure the results of drinking with smaller
doses.)
EXTREME EFFECTS OF COLCU1CUM.
[The following will be most valuable just at this time to many of
our readers for the place for Colchicum in Rheumatism is here clearly
set forth.]
On the 24th of November last one of Montreal’s street arabs stole
from an express wagon a large bottle, which eventually found its way
into the house of a man who resided in miserable quarters.
It was pronounced to be wine, and on the night of November 25th
some seventeen persons were called in. This bottle was again pro¬
duced, and being placed to the nose of experienced ones was again
pronounced wine, when a carousal began. In half an hour the con¬
tents of the bottle disappeared, all being drunk, except a few ounces
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1880.]
Extreme Effects of Colchicum.
185
which were carried away by one of those who had partaken, for the
purpose of treating a friend. Very shortly after, those who had
drank it began to grow ill, and no wonder, for the contents of the
bottle were Vmum colchici and was on its way to the General Ho spi-
tal when it was stolen. It was not till the next morning (November
26th] that medical assistance was called in to one of the sufferers,
and as no history of the drinking was given, a correct diagnosis was
not made. It was noon of the same day when information of what
had occurred reached the police authorities, who at once furnished
them with medical assistance. Dr. Major was taken to the sufferers,
who at this time were seventeen in number, and he assumed charge
of all the cases, assisted by several other medical men. By evening
seven deaths occurred; the remaining ten happily have got over it. Dr
Major has published the cases at great length in the Canada Medic a
and Surgical Journal . As they are exceedingly interesting we give the
following resume of the symptoms:
fcfc In from forty-five minutes to one hour and a half after taking the
wine, vomiting ensued. The contents of the stomach were at first
rejected, then bile or mucus; afterwards a fluid similar to ‘’rice water”
of cholera.
When the amount of poison taken was very great, the purging
came on simultaneously with the vomiting,—but if only a small quan¬
tity, comparatively speaking, had been swallowed, the evacuation of
the bowels was delayed for several hours. The passages were first the
natural fasces, then bilious stools, next rice water,”—a very large
amount of frothy, slimy secretion, compared by one of the patients to
clean soap suds. In no case was there any blood to be found. The
vomiting continued until the last moment in the fatal cases, and the
bowels were emptied involuntarily. Cramps were severe in the stom¬
ach, bowels and legs. Severe pains were felt in the knee joints in
some, and in two cases very marked in the left shoulder, so much so ?
indeed, as to be a continual cause of complaint, and avoidance of lying
on the left side. Rubbing was frequently demanded for relief. In the
majority there was numbness from the elbow to the wrist; cramps of
the fingers, especially the second finger, in one case extreme numb¬
ness of the thumbs under the nails. This latter peculiarity was pres¬
ent even for twenty-six days after. In the case of the boy, there was
great pain between the shoulders. The features (twenty-four hours after
the accident) were pinched and drawn, lips and nose blue, as also the
lobes of the ears. The eyes were congested, pupils dilated slightly
voice hoarse and husky, and pain was experienced in speaking.
Feet and extremities icy cold, also were the hands and arms. The
rest of the body had a clammy feel, but was below the normal temper¬
ature. The pulse was rapid, 125 to 145 or more in the minute, small,
compressible, intermitting, and at times imperceptible at the wrists,
though it could be found at the elbow with some trouble. The tem¬
poral arteries were difficult of detection, even the carotids required
patience to distinguish. For several hours before death they were
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185
Naja.
[March 1
almost pulseless, the heart’s impulse was not to be felt over the chest,
and even with difficulty heard on applying the ear to the chest wall.
The sound might be likened to a blowing sound, or a murmur, or to a
heart heard at a very great distance, or through a stone wall, both
sounds lapsing into one.
Respiration was full and easy, and was well maintained throughout.
The pulse respiration ratio was borne out throughout.
The sufferers were sensible to the last and throughout. One case
terminated with a slight convulsive effort. All sat up before dying,
falling”back in less than an instant. No headache was complained of
Muscular strength was retained. They were all able to sit up, lift a
cup to their lips, or even walk.
They were perfectly sleepless. In two recoveries there appeared a
pustular eruption on the face and lower extremities, resembling in its
character poisoned wounds.
[Dying from paralysis of heart probably.]
JXAJA.
Please allow me, through your journal, to call the attention of the
profession to the fact, that we have now a new and reliable supply of
the very valuable drug, Naja. It has been prepared by Messrs.
Thompson & Capper, Homoeopathic chemists ot this town, in the
same way, and with the same care, as our recent supply of Orotalus
was, with, however, this slight difference, that in the case of Crotalus
the original stock was the pure venom in its naturally liquid state,
received direct from the fang of the living snake in this country ;
whereas, in the case of Naja the original stock has been the pure
venom, that has been received and dried on glass in India, and
brought to this country in small glass tubes carefully sealed.
In the case of Crotalus the venom was, with the assistance of Dr.
Drysdale, Dr. Proctor and Mr. Isaac Thompson, received in small
glass vials direct from the fangs of the living snakes, and immedi¬
ately mixed with equal quantities of pure Glyc&Hne. This was after¬
ward, and before any dilutions were made from it, tested by injecting
a few drops of it underneath the skin of rabbits, birds and mice;
death, with the usual symptoms was the result within a few minutes.
This preparation was then entrusted to Mr. Isaac Thompson, of the
firm of Thompson & Capper, who added Glycerine to it so as to make
the proportion one of the venom to nine of the Glycerine , in order to
make sure of preserving the venous free from decomposition;
Glycerine being the best menstruum for preserving animal sub¬
stances from decomposition. This preparation of one in ten was
called tincture, as the strongest officinal preparation; and it is the
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1880.]
Salicylic Add and the Salicylates .
187
preparation mentioned under that designation in the Pharmacopoeia,
second edition, p. 123; and it is the preparation from which all our
dilutions of Crotalus are now, or ought to be made.
As an assurance that Glycerine preserves the venom potent, even i.:
a less proportion than one in nine, I may mention that a few days ago
I injected underneath the skin of a dog a few drops of some that I
have had for five years; half venom and half Glycerine , and death,
with the usual symptoms, was the result.
In the case of Naja we have had two supplies of the dried venom,
one was presented to Messrs. Thompson & Capper by Dr. T. H.
Ramsbotham, of Leeds; and which was presented to him by a 41 med¬
ical friend who received it direct from the secretary of the Snake
Poisoning Commission’ in Calcutta;” the other was received by
myself direct from Surgeon Edward Nicholson, of the Army Medical
Department and author of an excellent treatise on Indian Snakes,
and which he himself collected and brought over to this country.
As four drops of the liquid venom yield one grain of dry residue,
these two supplies were separately dissolved in Glycerine , in the
proportion of one grain to three; so as to represent venom of the *
natural strength. These were then separately tested, by Mr. Isaac
Thompson and myself; of one of them as much as would represent
one-fifth of a grain of the dried venom was injected underneath the
skin of a cat, and of the other as much as would represent one grain
was injected underneath the skin of a dog. In the case of the cat,
death, with the usual symptoms, took place within fourteen minutes,
and in the case of the dog within ninety-five minutes. Glycerine was
then added to both so as to bring them up to one drop of the liquid
venom in ten — the tincture of the Pharmacopmia and corresponding
with that of Crotalus.
Liverpool, Eng. John W. Hayward.
SALTC1LIC ACID AND THE SALYCILATES.
Prof. See ( France Medicals) closes a long article with the following
resume:
1. As an antizymotic remedy the Salycilic acid stands below the
Carbolic , its only advantage being that it has no smell.
2. As an antipyrecticum it cannot be compared with Quinine , and it
failed entirely in variola.
3. It acts promptly and successfully in acute articular rheumatism;
two to four days suffice for a cure.
4. It acts well in simple chronic rheumatism, even in arthritis
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188
Opium and its Antidote.
[March I
nodosa, the painful paroxysm passes off quickly, the articular swell¬
ings decrease and motility becomes more free, though the disease
may have lasted for years, but the effection of the bone must not
have progressed too far.
5. It is the remedy for acute and chronic arthritis. It arrests
promptly the painful acute attacks, and articular fluxion, the redness
of the skin and the sensitiveness to touch disappears. Continued
treatment with moderate doses prevents new attacks in chronic
arthritis, the tophi decrease and cease to be inflamed, and even a case
may be possible without the least danger of metastasis to tne heart,
lungs, brain or stomach. The usual arthritic sediments in the urine
also disappear.
6. It may act favorably in facial neuralgia and sciatica.
7. Salicylate of Soda showed a calming effect in some spinal affec¬
tions. Continued too long, it may produce some debility.
Disagreeable manifestations are slight deafness and narcotismus,
showing itself by weakness; but they usually pass off by decreasing
the dose or by omitting the drug.— N. A. Jour . Horn.
OPIUM AND ITS ANTIDOTES.
The following is the concluding portion of Charles Richet’s paper
published in the Popular Science Monthly , March, 1878 :
Opium has its antidote; just as we can produce sleep, so too can we
produce sleeplessness by the employment of a mixed poison whose
effects are diametrically opposite to those of the other. The antidote
of Opium is coffee. One hundred years ago coffee was almost
unknown, but now there is hardly another beverage that is so widely
distributed. Every one has it in his power to judge of the effects of
coffee. For some persons it is a stimulus necessary for the perform¬
ance of intellectual work. In this it produces a state of insomnia;
taken even in weak doses it causes restlessness and anxiety, a sort
of feverish activity altogether different from the indolent activity of
Opium. Under the action of Opium the will seems to be lulled to
sleep and the imagination runs riot.
But under the influence of coffee the imagination is hardly stimu¬
lated at all, but there does appear to be excitation of the will. Did I
not fear being suspected of having a theory to defend, I would say
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1880 .]
Dissection of the Orbit ..
189
that the faculties of will and consciousness seem to be super-excited;
there is, as it were, a constant strain on attention and memory,
whereas in the case of alcohol, hasheesh, and Opium, there is a relax¬
ing of attention. Hence, coffee produces a true intoxication that
fatigues one Jar more than does the somnolent intoxication of Opium ,
but it leads to the same result. In striving to do too much, the mind
does less; under stimulation the will is impaired; and the perfect
equilibrium and the mental faculties is disturbed as well by excess as
by defect of will.
Coffee is said to produce cerebral anaemia, while Opium and alcoho
cause congestion; but this theory still needs confiimation. Never¬
theless, the part played by coffee in general nutrition is very well
understood. It retards organic combustion, and hence it is an aliment
cTpargue — a food-stuff that effects a saving of other food-stuffs. In
the normal state there is always going on within our tissues a multi¬
tude of chemical actions, the final result of which is heat production
and liberation of carbonic acid. This carbonic acid passes into the
venous blood, and the venous blood, on reaching the lungs, parts with
its carbonic acid. Thus the quantity of the carbonic acid is, to some
extent, the expression of the nutritive activity. Now, on taking
coffee, though no greater quantity of oxygen oe inhaled, and without
increasing the ration of food, the quantity of the carbonic acid is
reduced, and yet the amount of force is not lessened. As illustrating
this doctrine it is usual to cite a fact observed among Belgian miners,
who can perform a considerable amount of work almost without
food, their strength being maintained solely by the absorption of a
large quantity of coffee. Hence, coffee is a food-stuff which moder¬
ates nutrition by lessening the activity of the chemical transforma¬
tions incessantly going on within the tissues.
Dissection of the Orbit,— It often becomes necessary before the
dissection of the orbit is undertaken to inflate a collapsed eyeball. The
following method has been tried for more than a year. An oblique
incision is made through the corner with a sharp pointed scalpel,
large enough to allow a blow-pipe to pass through. The globe can
now be readily distended, for the obliquely cut inner lip of the section
becomes pressed like a valve against the outer wall, and shuts within
the imprisoned air. The eyeball remains tense and firm. The air can
be released if needs be, through the blow-pipe and the globe refilled so
jong as its walls remain moist.— Lancet.
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Society Proceedings.
REGULAR MEETING OF THE ALLEGHENY COUNTY
(PENNSYLVANIA) MEDICAL SOCIETY ,
FEBRUARY , 1880.
Dr. L. H. Willard, the essayist of the evening, presented the fol¬
lowing clinical cases:
PERFORATING WOUND OF THE PERINEUM.
Mr. G., on Decoration day of last year, while walking on the rail¬
road track, slipped and fell on his nates, striking on a railroad spike
which made a wound in the perineum in the exact position as that
made in the lateral operation for lithotomy. He went home, applied
for no assistance, but resumed his work at the Verona railroad shops
and worked until June 30th, never losing a day. His mother’s atten¬
tion was called to his feeble condition and lameness; and, on being
questioned, he told her of the accident. I was sent for and on exam¬
ination found the wound already mentioned. He told me that for
four days after the accident he had a great deal of pain in the peri¬
neum but could, with a little difficulty, void his urine. On the fourth
day there was a discharge of pus and blood after which there was no
pain but the urine came away through the wound. He applied cotton
waste to keep the parts free from soreness and to receive the urine.
Thinking an operation to pare the edges of the wound would be
useless, I told him to get on his hands and knees when urinating and
to keep on his back the greater part of the day. He obeyed these
directions and in two months was well. The catheter was introduced
on two occasions only.
RHEUMATISM —A CLINICAL CASE.
Miss B., aged seventeen, a weak, delicate girl, had a sore throat
about two weeks previously, since which time she has been on her
feet constantly, nursing her mother. She complained at first of
stiff ness in her ankle and wrist-joints. This continued for two days,
and on the morning of January 11th she was unable to leave her bed
on account of severe pain in her chest, which interfered with her
breathing but was not accompanied by cough. The pain was severe
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and agonizing, every movement caused an aggravation. Her left
arm and leg were painful and powerless, could move neither. Pulse
120; temperature 102°. She had a constant craving for water and
acidulated drinks; no appetite, but nausea and vomiting; diarrhoea,
had two passages in the morning; tongue coated dry, and covered
with a thick fur. Although the severe pain was situated over the
region of the heart its action was not disordered. The urine was
scanty and high colored.
Taking into consideration the pain on the least movement, the
great thirst, the scanty urine and quick pulse, I was induced to give
Bryonia 8 every hour, to apply warm cotton batting to the part
affected, and to allow her to have lemon-juice every half hour. The
manner of preparing the latter was to put a teaspoonful of lemon -
juice in a glass of water.
On visiting her in the evening I found no improvement; no desire
for food; pulse 130; temperature 103i°. Still thinking Bryonia to be
the remedy, I gave the 3d, every two hours, and every third dose
gave Arsenic for the diarrncea. Discontinued the use of lemon-juice
and gave, instead, barley water.
June 12. The patient slept very little during the night; has great
pain in the chest, more on right than on left side; no pain in other
portions of the body; the arm and leg are still powerless; pulse 120;
temperature 102°; could not tolerate any food; tongue dry and
furred ; sweetish taste; still some nausea; no diarrhoea; great thirst,
but unable to drink for fear of vomiting; great pain about the chest
(like pleurodynia), making breathing as painful as ever.
From some personal experience in regard to this painful affection,
I was induced to apply a tight fitting bandage around the chest to
prevent the movement of the intercostal muscles during inspiration.
It gave me great comfort when I used it, but in this case it did harm
and evidently caused more distress. The remedies given were Ars .
one dose and Puls . two doses, at intervals of one hour, the every
third dose during the afternoon.
On calling again I found that there was very little relief from the
pain; no diarrhoea. The bandage was removed and warm flaxseed
poultices applied to tbe chest. The diet was beef tea, two teaspoon¬
fuls every two hours, and the same quantity of water for thirst. As
the patient was showing signs of great weakness and prostration, I
desired counsel and my colleague. Dr. J. F. Cooper, visited her with
me in the evening. The pains had, by this time, considerably abated;
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temperature 1024°; tongue still coated with a thick fur; jactitation
of the muscles, making the arms and legs twitch ; thirst as great as
ever. The Puls, was changed for Bell., the other treatment being
continued. We concluded to try the essence of beef to sustain her
: trength, as there did not seem to be enough vitality to withstand the
disease unless she received more nutriment. Accordingly an enema
of a quart of warm water was thrown up into the rectum to clear it
of faecal matter, with directions, after the bowels had been moved, to
use an enema composed of a teaspoonful of Valentine’s Beef Extract
to ten tablespoon fuls of warm water.
The nurse after giving the injection of water and no movement of
the bowels occurring, gave the beef essence injection, the patient
retaining both. She slept moderately well through the night, and the
next morning she was a little stronger.
June 13. Continued the same remedies and gave as food a few
teaspoonfuls of oyster broth, and as a beverage three teaspoonfuls of
cider every two hours. Medicine every two hours. Used another
injection of a quart of water, and, in an hour afterward, the beef
essence. During the afternoon the same quantity of water as an
injection, followed by the beef essence, and at eleven o’clock at
night the beef essence alone. The pain about the chest improved.
Dr. Cooper thought he detected a valvular murmur in the evening,
which was very probable, as the patient had complained at intervals
of a sense of suffocation.
June 14. The patient slept better during the night; has had no
discharge from the bowels; pains in the chest greatly relieved; very
weak; temperature in morning, normal; in evening, 101°. Gave
injections in the same manner as they were given yesterday.
June 15. The patient complained of soreness in the throat.
She had spoken of this before, but, on examination, nothing but a
catarrhal dryness had been discovered. This morning, however,
there was a covering over the tonsils, uvula and soft palate, much to
my surprise. 1 discontinued the medicines she was taking and gave
Merc. jod. rub., 3d trituration, half grain doses every two hours.
Injections same as yesterday. There was less thirst and more appe¬
tite. The stomach would not tolerate more than four teaspoonfuls
of broth every two hours, but the bowels held all injections intro¬
duced.
For three days after this one quart of water was given in the
morning as an injection, and two injections of beef-juice, prepared
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as above mentioned. Her strength improved, and, as the tongue
gradually cleaned off, more food was given. The throat affection
readily yielded to the Merc . jod., with increasing supply of nourish¬
ment. The remedy was continued for three days, at increasing inter¬
vals, when Puls. B was substituted and continued until convalescence
set in. The Puls, was given for the flying pains about the body and
from the white coating on the tongue and pasty taste in the mouth.
From the time she received the first injection there was an interval
of twenty-eight days without any movement of the bowels, and at
intervals there were injections ot warm water given. When an evac¬
uation did occur, it was not produced by an injection, but an interval
of twenty-four hours bad elapsed, and then the passage was natural
and has been ever since, no constipation following. The heart’s
action is now normal and all the secretions have resumed their
normal tone.
I would call attention to the large amount of water taken as an
injection. The skin was hot and dry, without any moisture what¬
ever; there seemed to be a want of watery secretion in the system.
The injection was retained as well as the beef extract used for ali¬
mentation.
Dr. Cowley — Ranunculus might have been of service in this case.
It affords speedy relief in pleurodynia effecting both sides, but espe¬
cially the left. I have found rubber gum sheeting of service, wheie
the parts are especially painful and swollen. In one case I used the
gutta percha tissue. The bandage relieves the pain rapidly, and
reduces the swelling in a few hours. I keep it on for several hours,
when it frequently produces a sour smelling secretion in large quan¬
tities. I have used Aconite tincture and BeU. tincture externally,
with good results, where the general indications were for these drugs.
In one case with throbbing pains in toes and fingers, I gave Bell .
tincture applied externally and gave immediate relief. Afterwards
the pains became sharp, with heat and swelling of the right hand;
complained that these pains were more severe than any previous ones
had been. Aconite tincture was applied externally with relief. For
boring pains in the shoulders I give Aurum. Is there anything posi¬
tively known in regard to a diet in rheumatic diseases ? I have never
had occasion to use injections in this disease.
Dr. Willard— Ranunculus was not thought of in this case. The
thick furred tongue, no appetite, stomach symptoms prominent,
seemed to call for Puls . In an attack on myself, Puls, was the first
remedy to give relief, after Ranunculus and Veratrum had failed. In
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[March 1,
regard to a diet, no food is tolerated, especially in the early stage.
Acidulous drinks are generally agreeable and beneficial.
Dr. Cowley—In one case following scarlatina, although Ido not
think as the result of this disease, where the gastric symptoms were
marked. Ant. crnd. gave relief.
Dr. Childs —I have not used injections in cases of rheumatism. In
a case of angina pectoris where the attacks usually came on after
overeating, I used them with good results. The patient complained
of great thirst, nausea, vomiting, could not retain anything on the
stomach, constipation, no movement of the bowels for several days.
I ordered a warm water injection in the evening. Next morning they
reported that the injection had been retained, and there had not been
any movement of the bowels, but she did not have as much thirst as
before. I then gave an injection of a quart of water containing a
portion of molasses. This was also retained. We gave a quart of
water every twelve hours for six days, the entire amount being
retained. At the end of this time the bowels moved naturally and
she has bad no trouble since. The thirst was entirely relieved as well
as the sensitiveness of the stomach; she did not take any nourish¬
ment for f several days; she said she felt so comfortable she was
afraid to eat anything lest she might provoke a return of the nausea.
Finally I ordered some Alkathrepta, which was retained. This was
the first time I had seen injections allay thirst. In regard to acidu¬
lous drinks, I have found the diluted officinal Phosphoric acid in the
proportion of one to three (§j to aq. ?iij), to be of great relief in those
cases where acid as well as nutritive treatment seems desirable. In
pleurodynia I have used Cimicifuga and also Cham.; the latter when
the heart is effected in rheumatic cases. Would not use Phos. acid as
above when there was any danger of its interfering with the remedies
used. In the case of angina pectoris, Nux vom. failed, although of
service in former attacks. Aconite., Cham., hypodermic injections of
Morphia gave no relief. Cactus was the first remedy that seemed to
exercise any control.
Dr. Burgher—In rheumatism, acidulous drinks are undoubtedly of
benefit. In a great number of cases, where the patient is an&mic,
Ferrum chlor. will be of service. In persons with soft flabby tissue,
the Kalis are better indicated than almost any other remedy. Salicylic
add now a popular remedy, is of service according to my experience,
in strong robust persons with sanguineous temperaments. In cases
with relaxed fibre or delicate constitutions you will find little benefit
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Society Proceedings .
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from it. The application for a rubber bandage around the chest, in
cases of pleurodynia, is very good treatment in many cases. It con¬
trols the movement of the muscles if nothing more. I do not believe
that moisture of the skin follows from its use, as stated by Dr.
Cowley, but simply that the insensible perspiration which is con¬
stantly thrown off from the skin is retained. I much prefer cotton
wool, which permits perspiration to pass off, and forms a cushion for
the effected limb to rest on. If Aconite is the indicated remedy, you
can get its effects by the internal use, at proper intervals and in suit¬
able doses. In regard to Ranunculus , it is of value in pleurodynia, or
at least intercostal rheumatism, also Arnica where there is soreness.
For shooting pains in the shoulders I give Laurocerasus.
Dr. McClelland—Whether the disease is acute or chronic, I believe
it is very much like nasal catarrh, the chronic form of which is not,
as a rule, the result of so-called acute catarrh; nor is chronic rheuma¬
tism the result usually of acute rheumatism. As to the course of
acute rheumatism, whether the patient is under treatment or not, it
is said to be about six weeks. In very many cases of our own,
whether admitted or not, the duration is nearly as long. It is a dis¬
ease liable to frequent relapses. There is no doubt that the high
temperature can be brought down and the course cut short in a great
number of cases, but certainly not in all. In acute cases with high
temperature, Aconite is useful, but often fails. Hryonia used in its
well known indications frequently disappoints. These cases fre¬
quently shade off into indications for Arnica, a remedy which is more
frequently required than used. Sweating is quite a common symp¬
tom in rheumatism, and is without relief, also nightly aggravations;
in such cases Merc, is of service. I have been as often disappointed
in Rhus as in any other remedy. Pulsalilla in subacute cases. It has
many characteristics of rheumatism, such as, pains moving from
place to place, gastric irritation, coated tongue, no thirst. In chronic
rheumatism I use Arnica* Sulphur , Calc, c., Rhus. Caulophhyllum for
pains in the shoulders, in.addition to pains in small joints and nape of
neck. In arthritic rheumatism, Colch ., Arnica, and Ledum have been
the remedies. Dr. Hofmann has related a case before the society in
which Secate, given for the symptom, any heat produces aggravation
afforded relief. I had a similar case, where the patient would throw
off all clothing, although the parts were red and swollen. I gave
Secale which moderated the attack somewhat, when ledum removed
the entire trouble. In a recent attack the disease was promptly
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checked by Ledum. Injections are not altogether useless. Where
the stomach will not bear liquids, injections will relieve. I have
given as much as live quarts within two hours. It was retained, and
eliminated by the kidneys.
Dr. Cowley—Cotton wool not so good as rubber, according to my
experience, having tried both. I believe with Dr. Burgher that there
is an insensible perspiration. But I think the retention of this makes
a kind of vapor bath which proves beneficial. Where the local as
well as general symptoms point to Aconite, the external application of
the tincture hastens the relief. The same is tr ue with BeU ., Arnica
and Hamameli8. Where there are frequent relapses from slightest
exposure, I have used Camphor tincture externally. In one case after
the acute symptoms had subsided, and there remained constant
motion of the extremities Zinci valer. 3d trituration, in grain doses,
gave relief.
Dr. Hofmann—I have used wet bandages for the same purpose as
the injections, and if this did not answer I would use the latter. 1
have given Bell, for redness of the smaller joints, especially in chil¬
dren. Pulsatilla for troubles in the lower extremities.
Dr. Cooper — Where there is thirst before the injections are given,
it will generally cease after its use. A very small portion of the fluid
is returned, not only in cases of rheumatism but in other diseases. I
generally use the water of a temperature likely to be retained in the
bowels.
DISCUSSION ON DISEASES OF THE MONTH.
The regular monthly meteorological and mortality report was pre¬
sented, of which the following is the disease summary: The disease
list while made up to a great extent of sore throats, and catarrhal
troubles of respiratory tract, has also included a number of cases of
diphtheria, in some of a violent form; scarlatina and typhoid fever,
whooping cough in the majority of cases light, as also parotitis.
The death-rate for diphtheria and scarlatina has increased over that
of January, 1879. In the earlier part of the month the list was much
lighter than in the latter part of the month. The catarrhs and coughs
were increased about the 11th of the month, by a fall of temperature
and a northerly wind, and the former were aggravated and continued
by the cloudy mild weather with the east to southeasterly wiads
which followed. With this exception we have not been able to trace
any marked effect from climatic changes. The month differing in its
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weather characteristics over January, 1879, has probably modified the
disease list, producing less congestion of respiratory tract, and conse¬
quent coughs, so that the manifestations have partaken more of a
catarrhal form. The extreme temperature of last year was fatal to old
people, the mild weather of this month has been less trying.
Dr. Hofmann—Throat diseases have been frequent; a few cases of
diphtheria, but generally of a mild form. In one case, however, it
recurred three times. The cases of quinsy have received Kali jod. 3x,
when subacute, with soreness and very little redness of surface; relief
has followed with but few exceptions.
Dr. Cooper—Rheumatism has been frequent. Diphtheria moder¬
ate. Catarrhal troubles make up the majority of the disease
list. I have had some cases of acute tonsillitis. In one case Bdl.
was given, but no relief following Merc, was tried, from indications
present; still no improvement. I gave Apis but on the next morning
the throat was almost closed; no speech and scarcely any deglutition;
right side affected; soreness from the clavicle upwards; Hepar sulph.
relieved. Colch. and Bnus, have given me the best results in rheuma¬
tism. In the catarrhal troubles, Aeon., Bry. % Phyt., Merc., Bell., Puls.
In a few cases of pleurisy, Bry., in pleurodynia, Armca. In two or
three cases of parotitis with suppression, Puls ., was given.
Dr. Willard—Have had two or three cases of diphtheria with rather
a malignant form, and one with a fatal result. A young lady without
complaining of anything but a slight sore throat had an extensive
exudation in the throat when first seen. She began to be weak and
had a depressed action of the heart. I gave stimulant, viz: whisky
and beef tea. On the second day the pulse was better and the heart
more regular. Was able to eat some oysters. In the evening felt
better, and the action of the heart stronger. Phyt. , which she had
taken from the beginning was now changed to Kali bich., on account
of a ropy secretion. The next day she complained more of soreness in
the neck extending into the chest. Coughed up some bloody mucus
and sputa. On the fourth day there was complete prostration with¬
out any pain, which was followed by death in the afternoon.
In another case, about four years of age, there was lassitude, sleepi¬
ness, dry tongue with sore throat. Found a large exudation on the
right tonsil. Temperature 103° ; pulse 126. This case received Phyt.
The next morning the exudation was gone. In another case with
exudation on both limbs, with paleness; disease extending into fauces
temperature 103® ; Merc, jod., was given. A third case complained
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Clinical Cases.
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for some time. The throat looked red when examined in the evening;
but no exudation, Bell ., was given. The next morning the tonsils
were covered; temperature 103.5°. Gave Kali bich ., and the Lig.
Chlor calc., on account of bad odor from breath. The symptoms mod¬
erated in the throat and extended into the nostrils ; slight discharge
from the nose. Gave Nitric acid in alternation with Kali bich. The
lachrymal duct became closed with swelling of the lids, and suppura¬
tion was feared. Continued the remedies as before for another day; the
exudation then returned from the nose to the tonsils, Merc, jod., was
given and followed by some improvement. Ammon, carb ., was finally
given and seemed to benefit more than any other remedy. T. M. S.
Therapeutical Department.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS.
REPORTS FROM THE FIELD OF PRACTICE.
Brooklyn, Iowa, Feb. 24.— Prevailing diseases are: Diphtheria
and measles. Remedies used for diphtheria, Lachesis 7x and 200
throat and larynx sensitive to external pressure, inflammation and
deposit commenced on left side, prostration and fetor oris. Apis 4x
right side first affected, occasionally an accompanying rash. Gargle
of dilute alcohol in all cases. For measles. Gels.. Puls, and Bell, are
indicated. J. Fletcher.
CLINICAL CASES.
TRANSLATED FROM RIVI8TA OMIOPATICA, AUGUST, SEPTEMBER,
OCTOBER, 1679, BY T. M. STRONG, M. D., ALLE¬
GHANY CITY, PENN.
BILIARY CALCULI AND CHRONIC GASTRALGIA.
Signora M., forty-five years of age, nervous temperament, mother
of several children, had been for three years subject to intense pain in
the region of the liver and stomach, evidently produced by sub-acute
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Clinical Cases.
199
inflammation of the viscera. She had subjected herself to nearly
every form of treatment, but the only result had been the passage of a
large quantity of small biliary calculi, which occurred while taking the
mineral water of Chianciano. But the suffering was still present, and
led the patient to commit herself to the care of Homoeopathy. Upon
examination I noticed a sub-icteric color of the skin especially under
the orbits; tongue covered with a whitish streak at the base; saliva
viscous, and bitter taste in the mouth. The liver appeared firm along
the left border, and painful to touch ; here the patient had often felt a
sense of heat and burning, together with acute pain, of which she was
relieved by former treatment. At the present she suffered most from
a cramp-like pain in the stomach with a sense of weight, as of a stone
(so the patient expressed it), which was increased after taking the
smallest quantity of food, and followed by a sense of uneasiness, rest¬
less at night, with interrupted sleep, marked emaciation, etc. For¬
bidding the use of wine and coffee. I gave successively Aconite , Bella¬
donna, and Bryonia which were of advantage, also Nux. vom ., under
the action of which she passed a quantity of biliary calculi. The
remedies were given in the 30th dilution and was followed after two
months of treatment by restoration of health.
SCURVY AND PERIODICAL FEVER.
This patient was forty years of age, nervous temperament and of
good physical constitution. He was suffering from a well marked
and far advanced case of scurvy, succeeding a fever of a double tertian
type. I do not know what were the other causes, besides the severe
suffering of mind which might have cooperated in the production
of this dreadful disease, which had reduced the sufferer to a living
skeleton. The following symptoms were present. Face withered and
of a pale yellow color, countenance dejected, gums swollen, reddish
violet in color and easily bleeding, breath feted, no appetite, respira¬
tion at one time quick at another time oppressed, large red spots upon
the skin as if from extravasated blood. These appeared on the back,
upon the bones of the sacrum which were very painful, and on the
thighs and knees. Frequent pollutions of pure blood, slimy and feted.
Great weakening of the vital forces, so that the patient could not move
himself in bed, where he had already lain for a month, without assist¬
ance. Thirst, urine discolored, temperature of the body natural, cold
extremities, especially the lower where the legs were ©deraatous,
pulse slender and quick, great depression of spirits even to weeping,
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Clinical Cases.
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sleep agitated and interrupted, and always with sad dreams. The
antiscorbutic remedies administered had not been sufficient, and I
prescribed a nourishing diet, consisting of beef broth and roasted
meat; the latter he should at least swallow the juice, provided he
could not eat the meat itself. The medicine which I gave, in view of
total dissolutions of the secretions, was Rhus . tox. 12. The effect was
most favorable and the patient felt a renewal of life from day to day,
appetite restored and the strength recovered. On the twentieth day
of treatment an accession of fever of the double tertiau type manifes¬
ted itself. It began with thirst, then a severe chill followed by heat
alternated by chilliness, and accompanied with very great thirst and
headache. China was given undei which the attacks became shorter
and lighter and soon disappeared. This medicine also helped the
general condition of the patient, who was restored to health by the use
of Sulphur 30.
SPASMODIC OR CONVULSIVE COUGH.
This patient was seventy years of age, and had suffered with this
cough ever since childhood, at which time she had an attack of con¬
vulsive cough, or more probably whooping cough. The cough pre¬
sented at the time of consultation the following characteristics:
The attacks came on at the end of every summer, and was subject to
repeated aggravations, both day and night, through the entire
autumn, winter and spring, leaving her in repose only during the
summer and then re-commencing after the first rains of the hot sea¬
son. The most severe attacks were in the evening, soon after lying
down. They were provoked by a strong scratching in the larynx and
bronchi, and the violent shocks of the cough brought on strangulation,
flushing of the face, lachrymation, impeded respiration, and finally
a profuse secretion ot viscous serum. After these attacks the chest
remained numbed and as if bruised. These attacks notwithstanding
the length of time they bad existed, were becoming more and more
violent, so that the patient declared that they were becoming intoler¬
able. 1 prescribed Drosera rotund . 12, but without any hope of relief.
Although this happened at the end of winter, the disease began to
subside, and within a few days she was entirely free of this annoying
cough. In the succeeding autumn, it reappeared as in other years,
but was immediately relieved by the same remedy. Here we have a
patient rendered miserable for her whole life, for want of a reliable
curative indication, which the law of similars was alone able to
supply.
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Clinical Casts.
201
PLEUROPNEUMONIA FOLLOWED BY GASTROENTERITIS, AND THIS
BY PHTHISIS FLORIDA.
La Signora C., when about forty-five years of age was exposed to
the influence of an epidemic of pneumonia which was prevailing in
Rome at that time, and which was characterized by a tendency to
degenerate into a gangrenous condition, so that her life was in dan¬
ger. This occurred at the time when the patient was recovering
from a chronic malady, maintained by a psoric diathesis, and which
certainly constituted a dangerous complication with the disease
briefly mentioned above. The patient was attacked with a long
period of cold, followed by heat, flushing of the face, cough, oppressed
respiration, and acute pain in the upper part of the right chest, under
the second, third and fourth ribs. Percussion in this spot gave a dull
sound, and auscultation revealed bronchial breathing which extended
down towards the base of the same side of the chest. The respira¬
tions were frequently 36 in a minute, especially in the evening ; the
temperature was 38° R., and the pulse 110. In the long course of the
disease, namely in the second week, the inflammatory process which
seemed to decline iu the breast, extended into the abdominal viscera,
with acute pain in the epigastric region, right hypochondria and
umbilicus, and the long continued constipation was succeeded by a
diarrhoea which lasted a number of days. There was also an intense
thirst, mine scanty and red, restless at night and sleepless, with
marked debility.
This disease which made many victims in that year, especially in
those advanced in years, I believe to have been produced by the
influence of the epidemics which then prevailed, viz: whooping
cough, miliaria, diphtheria, scarlatina, parotitis morbilli, etc. In the
case of the present patient she had the good fortune to surmount the
acute stage, by means of the medicines opportunely selected, such as
Aconite, Bell., Bryonia, Bhus tox ., but she was not able to evade the
process of circumscribed pulmonary suppuration in the affected part,
which constituted a secondary malady, equally dangerous with the
first. In this state, in which the hectic fever was constant, the emacia¬
tion extreme, the cough troublesome, the expectoration greenish-
vellow and globular, she was seen by a physician who judged her case
hopeless. But contrary to general expectation. Phosphorus , Lycopodium
and Carbo veg., given in the 200th dilution, saved the patient, and
restored her to health, after three months sickness.
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202
Clinical Cases .
[March 1
SUICIDAL MONOMANIA.
II Padre Marcellino. Franciscan monk, came to me in 1867 and
reported that one of his order, of about thirty years of age, after
coming to Rome two years before had been seized with profound
melancholy; he always appeared sad and taciturn. Attempting
suicide by throwing himself from a window ten meters high, he
suffered a fracture of both legs. My services were requested for the
unhappy brother, who was confined to bed in consequence of the
injury, but was still in the same profound melancholy, and speaking
often of suicide.
I visited him and by degrees persuaded him to talk. His replies
to all my interrogations very concise and coherent. He had a sly look
and as if suspected. He often made exclamations and sighings, like
one oppressed with heavy misfortune, and frequently turned himself
towards the window of his room, repeating that there was no other
escape for him than to throw himself from there; as if he had not
already attempted it.
He bad not suffered from any severe illness during his life, nor had
he contracted any venereal disease; he presented, however, manifest
indications of an hereditary psoric diathesis, from which the hsemor-
rhoidal affection, and constipation bad often annoyed him. His moral
character had been excellent, but he was unfit for mental labor, and
incapacitated to sustain any physical fatigue or occupation. He had
been a prey to very great misfortunes, and was easily moved to
excitability, and irascibility. He was restless at night and slept very
little. I gave Sulphur 30 a dose every morning. With this remedy
was occasionally alternated Nux vom since he complained of a want
of appetite, tongue coated with a whitish streak, constipation. After
a month of this treatment the patient did not speak of suicide, the
appetite and the digestive functions were rendered more active, him
countenance was more serene, and his temper less irascible; never¬
theless he complained of feeling an internal anxiety which tormented
him at night. Mercurius sol . 12 was given, and under this remedy
health was restored, which continued for twelve years.
EXCESSIVE MELANCHOLY WITH TENDENCY TO SUICIDE, FROM
RETROCESSION OF THE VENEREAL ULCER.
Sig. N. N., aged thirty-five years, of good physical constitution, and
of sanguine and melancholic temperament, engaged in the profession
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1880.]
Skin Diseases and Perspiration .
203
of painting, was unfortunately infected with the venereal chancre,
which according to evil custom was by a surgeon cured by cauteriza¬
tion. From this period his mild temperament began to be disturbed
and sad, and this sadness increased daily, so that at the end of seven
to eight months, his disposition was quite agitated, irascible, jealous,
restless, unfitted for work, until he confessed to his friends, that he
was not able to endure a life of such anguish, and wished to end it
with suicide. This frequently repeated proposition, and the deplor¬
able state which the patient presented more visibly every day,
determined one of his friends to bring him to me for treatment. I
undertook the obligation unwilling, and remembering the above
mentioned circumstance, and the given symptoms I gave Lachesis 12.
The venereal ulcer reappeared after a few days treatment and was
treated without cauterization and with internal remedies alone.
After this most fayorable crisis the moral status of the patienl
changed as if from night to day, recovering its peaceful and joyful
character; so that he was very soon able to reassume the exercise of
his profession, and has enjoyed his wonted health from that time,
now some eight years.
SKIM DISEASES AND PERSPIRATION .
Le Progress Medicate , as quoted in the Scientific American , publishes
a communication from M. Arebut which describes a plan by which
the distribution and activity of the sweat glands of the skin may be
approximately mapped out. The method is as follows:
A piece of white paper is applied to the skin, and moistened in con¬
tact a few minutes. The sweat as it issues from the follicles, slightly
moistens the paper at points corresponding to their orifices. A dilute
solution of Nitrate of Silver is then brushed over the paper, and the
Nitrate becomes converted into Chloride from the Chloride of Sodium in
the perspiration. The Chiwide of Silver blackens upon exposure to
light, in this way mapping out the distribution, etc., of the sweat
glands. With the aid of this test paper, M. Aubert has studied the
secretions in nsevus ichthyosis, pelade, erysipelas, scabies, lupus,
favus, herpes, psoriasis, etc., and find that, as a rule, irritations of the
skin completely suppress the perspiratory secretion, and that even
when the irritation ceases, some time elapses before the secretion
reappears, in cicatrices many of the glands disappear, but those
which remain secrete more profusely than before .—Medical Press and
Circular .
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204
A Large Fibroid Tumor .
[March 1.
Gynecological Department.
A LARGE FIBROID TUMOR .
Mrs. B., aged fifty-five. About fourteen years ago when lifting a
heavy weight felt something give way in left side which caused pain
and weakness in that side. Some time afterward an enlargement was
discovered. Various physicians were consulted, among them Drs.
Weber and Scott, of Cleveland, Ohio, prominent Old School physicians.
A tumor was diagnosed, but advised never to have a knife or trocar
put into it, but let it alone. First saw the patient in December 1878.
She was enormously enlarged but able to walk around. Been grad¬
ually failing for the last year. Her lower extremities became oedema-
tous, her abdomen solid, no fluctuation, upper part of the body very
poor. Appetite good most of the time, extreme dyspnoea at times
with pain in the lower part of left lung, also in the stomach, finally
typhoid symptoms were manifested; her tongue became dark-colored
and cracked, and great restlessness, which became extreme the night
before she died.
A post-mortem was held three hours after death. The tumor was
found to nearly fill the abdominal cavity. The viscera being all dis¬
placed. The liver, stomach and spleen being crowded up into the
thorax, the spleen being enlarged to three times its natural size. The
tumor was ot the fibroid variety very firm and dense, and had the
appearance of growing in layers and of dark color.
A cavity was found in the upper portion where it had commenced
to break down, containing about a gallon of pus of a dark color and
somewhat granular in appearance, ground on the outside of the
tumor were several small cysts containing from one to two gills of a
transparent fluid. It was found attached to the fundus of the uterus
and adhered to the bladder; the left ovary could not be found, prob¬
ably absorbed into the mass of the tumor. The uterus and the right
ovary were very much atrophied; other adhesions were slight. On
removal the tumor weighed eighty-four pounds avoirdupois. This is
the largest tumor of which we have seen any record. Drs. Bigham
and P. E. Beech, (O. S.) assisted at the post-mortem.
" D. G. Wilder.
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1880.] The Death Rate in the Married and Unmarried.
205
TREATMENT DURING GESTATION.
In the January 1st, number of The Investigator, I noticed an
article from Dr. Stillman, “On Preparing Women for Labor.” I
agree with Dr. S. that the choice of remedies must come within our
44 Golden Rule.” 44 Similia Curantur,” and that 44 similia ” is often
required to sustain a normal condition of the system, for by a careful
diagnosis of the greater majority of our patients in gestation, we find
them suffering from abnormal conditions, which can be relieved, if
not arrested. I have in mind several cases that were benefitted by
treatment two or three weeks before parturition. One case only I
will mention; the lady who consulted me said, 44 If anything can be
taken to relieve me from the terrible suffering I have always experi¬
enced at parturition I pray you to make the effort.” She had five
children and two of the number were taken with instruments. With
them all she had suffered for hours. After hearing the history of her
sufferings, I felt it very doubtful about her getting any relief by
remedies, but after making a careful diagnosis, to give her Mitchella
repens , three times a day, and Aconite twice, giving the 3x dilution in
drop doses.
The result was satisfactory, and with only natural labor pains of a
few hours. I repeated the same treatment twice after, with the
same lady with satisfactory results. In other cases I have used Arnica
montana and Aconite , or Belladonna, as the diagnosis seemed to indi¬
cate with good results; and again have used only Am%ca mont. or
Belladonna alone, and had good results. I have found Belladonna
more often ndicated than any other remedy where the os uteri, was
ridged and unyielding. Pulsatilla or Viburnum sometimes, has been
the remedy indicated.
Terre Haute, Ind. M. D. Wilson.
THE DEATH RATE IN THE MARRIED AND UNMARRIED.
This was the subject of a paper recently read by M. Bertillion
before the Academy of Medicine in Paris. The results are based on
statistics derived from France, Belgium and Holland, and are as fol¬
lows : Of married men between the ages of 25 and 30, the death rate
was 4 per thousand, unmarried 10 per thousand, widowers 22 per
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206
Case of Triplets .
[March 1,
thousand. Of married and unmarried women the rate was the same,
viz., 9 per thousand, while in widows it was 17. In persons from 30 to
35, the death rate among married men was 11, the unmarried 5, and
the widowers 16 per thousand. Among the woman it was 5 for the
married, 10 for the unmarried, and 15 per thousand for the widow*.
Combining these figures gives the following result: Deaths among
men between the ages of 25 and 35—married 15, unmarried 15, widow¬
ers 41; women between the same ages—married 14; unmarried, 19 ;
widows, 32. These figures demonstrate that while in the case of men
the death rate was the same throughout the decade for married and
unmarried, there was a great fatality among the widowers. We may k
therefore, conclude that while the married state does not actively
improve the sanitary condition in men, the relapse into the unmarried
state is attended by a great fatality.
DIAGNOSIS OF PREGNANCY.
Professor Wm. Goodell, University of Pennsylvania, lays down the
following rule in examining for pregnancy : “ When the cervix feels
as hard as the tip of the nose, pregnancy does not exist; when as soft
as the lips, the womb most probably contains a foetus.”— Press and
Circular.
Spencer Wells places great reliance on the condition of the anterior
wall of th? vagina. After the second month it will be in a stretched
(tense) condition with partial or total obliteration of the anterior cul-
de-sac.
Have any of our readers verified the above ?
CASE OF TRIPLETS .
It was my good fortune to increase the census by three a few days ago.
All the children were living when bom but died within ten days.
Gestation had not reached the seventh month and the midgets could
hardly be expected to survive. The mother is making a good start
as this is her first attempt at baby farming. We may safely look for
quadruplets next time. The combined weight of the babies was ten
and one half pounds, clothing and all. 0
Farmington, III. T. J. Putnam.
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1880.]
Consultation Department.
207
Consultation Department.
MORE WORMS.
Dr. Lippe does “ draw a bead” on “more worms” page 168, under
Marum verum teucnura 36 and 57. Don’t be afraid of using it high. I
have seen several cases cured with this remedy 200th.
W. H. Leonard.
FOR W. H. nULL’S CASE.
Among the remedies to be studied m this case, Bry., Podoph., Aloes ,
Sulphur , Crot. tig.. Thuja and Chelid. maj. are quite prominent. All
have early morning diarrhoea. Bi'yonia has dark stool; Podoph. dark
green. I think Bry. has the preference. J. D. W. H.
for “ p’s.” CASK.
In “P.’s” “case for counsel,” I would suggest three remedies,
Causticum , Ferrum , and Graphites, given in the order named ; potency
from 3d to 200th; one dose per week until four doses are taken. If
unrelieved by Caust ., give Fer. same dose and way and then follow by
Graph. If there is virtue in our provings these three medicines will
cure, unless there is destruction of substance. G. W. S.
CASE FOR COUNSEL.
J. B. M. a deaf mute, twenty-two years of age, came to me from
Allopathic hands November 25, 1879. Had his leg crushed above the
ankle by the cars, two years ago; he was taken to the hospital, and
his leg was amputated six inches below the knee. It has never healed
properly. When he came to me there were several discharging ulcers
and more or less pain in the part. Under the influence of Sulphur ,
Calc, c., and Silicea , it looks much better, the ulcers are partially
healed and covered with thick scabs of desiccated pus. There is no
pain except in one spot on the left, or outer side of the stump, and
there only on pressure. Is there likely some spiculse of bone in that
spot? Or was the amputation probably improperly made? Or what
is likely the cause that it does not heal? It is no nearer healed now
than it was a month ago. What should be done for it? Answer soon.
R. T. Harman.
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208
Book Department.
[March 1
ANSWER TO CASE.
For W. H. Hall’s ‘‘case for couusel,” pp. 164-5, United States
Medical Investigator, No. 256. Place your patient in a half-
lying position on her back, with shoulders well raised and limbs
drawn up so that soles of feet rest easily on the couch ; this position
is essential to the complete relaxation of the abdominal integument.
Now standing or sitting in front of her right side, place both hands
on the abdomen, and, grasping the integument firmly but gently and
steadily roll (knead) the parts under your hands, following the colon
upward , on the descending portion , transversely on that portion, and
downward on the ascending colon, this treatment should be pursued
thirty minutes at a time, with some moments only of rest between,
and should be given once, twice, or three times a day. It promotes
in a high degree absorption of serum, and has been found curative in
very many cases of chronic diarrhoea. Please report results in this
journal. W. A. Knight.
Book Department.
All books for review must be sent to the Publishers.
Surgical Diseases and their IIomceopathic Therapeutics
By J. G. Gilchrist, M. D. Third edition. Chicago: Duncan
Bros. 8vo.: $4.00.
This work has reached us revised, and rewritten, and is a credit
to the author and publishers. The paper, type and style of binding
is of a class that places Duncan Br.is. in the foremost rank of medical
book publishers. Authors will find that this enterprising firm will
furnish a neat publication when they are supplied with the manu¬
script.
A work of this kind has long been needed by our profession.
Physicians of our school are often located remote from surgeons or
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1880.]
Deformities of the Mouth.
209
fellow physicians, thus deprived of the advantage of consultation and
are compelled to practice surgery, or rest under the ignomy that a
Homoeopathic physician can give pills but is not a surgeon.” Dr.
Gilchrist’s book supplies this class of our medical brethren with a
“ surgical therapeutics ” that contains the best known treatment of
surgical diseases. His description of these diseases are brief, concise
and in the main correct. The busy physician at a hasty glance can
find in this work the means of forming a correct diagnosis and learn¬
ing the appropriate treatment of the largest proportion of surgical
diseases.
The work is of value to experienced surgeons, as the author has
expended much time and patience in collecting surgical therapeutics
from the most reliable sources of this and the old country, in every
instance giving proper acknowledgement. He has ransacked the
journals of our school, carefully selected only reports of cures made
by physicians and surgeons whose experience and honesty make their
reports valuable.
The chapters on 44 Diseases of the Nerves ” and 44 Veneral Disease ”
are worthy of more than a passing notice. They contain many orig¬
inal ideas and furnish in my opinion the most complete selection of
remedies that I have ever seen. These chapters alone prove the
industry of the author in his efforts to advance the interest of surgi¬
cal science. We do not claim perfection in the work of Dr. Gilchrist
as there are sentences and expressions that had better be left out. But
as a whole, the work is written in a clear, simple and modest manner,
free from the wondrous cures ‘ 4 1 have made ” than any recent book
that I am acquainted with. It is with more than ordinary pleasure
that we receive the work among our books of surgery, as it is the
first instance where a Homoeopathic surgeon has furnished the pro¬
fession with a surgical therapeutics that ought to be at once read by
every practitioner of our school, and made a text-book in every col¬
lege. S. R. Beckwith.
Deformities of the Mouth.— Dr. Chandler, in the Boston Jour -
nal, says there is no cause so productive of malformation of the bones
of the mouth and irregularity of the teeth, as the habit of thumb¬
sucking during infancy, and recommends that such infants be dressed
in a loose night-dress without sleeves, and open at noth ends, thus
leaving the hands free to do anything but go to the mouth.
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210
Tour Round the College World .
[March 1
College News.
TOUR ROUND THE COLLEGE WORLD.
HAHNEMANN MEDICAL COLLEGE, CHICAGO.
Chicago in 1820, consisting of a few log huts and Indian wigwams,
and in 1880 stretching along the lake shore for twelve long miles,
and four in width, and this whole extent covered with immense
buildings and palatial residences, and teeming with many thousand
people, is but an index of the growth of Homoeopathy in the North¬
west.
It is not many years since a small tin sign swinging in indepen¬
dence, labelled “ Homoeopathic office,” was the first evidence in the
West of this most gigantic reform in medicine. That sign was pro¬
phetic. It became the office of Dr. D. S. Smith to propagate the
truth of similia, is now and will be while his venerable life is spared.
Long before there were physicians enough in this young and growing
metropolis to man a college he secured a charter for Hahnemann
Medical College. That astute statesman, E. A. Guilbert, M. D., then
of Elgin, now of Dubuque, was one of the prime movers in this
seemingly visionary venture. In 1859, the advent of Prof. A. E.
Small, an experienced teacher from Philadelphia, was the signal for
opening this new school. His skillful management and successful
teaching have been conspicuous from that day to the present. We
are pleased to chronicle the fact that this veteran physician is writing a
work on the Practice of Medicine, that, while it will be scientific and
up to date in all parts, will also incorporate the rich experience of the
author. Another pioneer, the father of clinical or object teaching in
the West was that careful observer and skillful diagnostician, Dr. R
Ludlam. His early teaching in physiology and clinical medicine has
given an impress to his lectures for twenty years, and to his work
on Diseases of Women, that has given it a wider sale than any pro¬
fessional work yet issued by our school.
These three men have moulded this school. Enthusiastically
Homoeopathic, scientific, practical and clinical, seem to be the
features that attract, while the low fees and short courses
undoubtedly help to impel “ the largest class that ever assembled in
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1880.J
Hahnemann Commencement.
211
one of our colleges ” to crowd its halls this term. There are about
forty ladies, the balance are gentlemen—an intelligent and enthusias¬
tic crowd of students. The building is large and well arranged for
its object, but is too small if the crowd continues. The hospital adja¬
cent with its flourishing dispensary furnishes ample material which
is skillfully utilized in the many clinics “ held every day the year
round.” Although the term is short every moment is occupied so
that “ we ” were not called on for a speech—much as the students
regret that they have no systematic lectures on diseases of children.
We were not privileged to hear all of the professors, nor to make the
personal acquaintance of all of the students, but we expect to hear
well of them and that their angelic labors will “ Echo down the cor¬
ridors of time.” More anon. Quell.
HAHNEMANN COMMENCEMENT .
The twentieth annual Commencement of the Hahnemann Medical
College and Hospital of Chicago, was held on the evening of February
26 in Hershey Music Hall, which was crowded to its utmost capacity
with the friends of the institution and its graduates. The platform
was occupied with the Faculty and Trustees of the College.
The exercises were opened with prayer by Bishop Fallows, after
which Prof. R. Ludlam, M. D., Dean of the College, read his annual
report, referring to the success of the institution as evidenced by the
long list of graduates, and the reputation to which it had attained.
The President, Dr. A. E. Small, then read his annual address, and
conferred the degree of Doctor of Medicine on the following :
Aug. W. Ackerman, L. E. Lee, Bradley B. Anderson, Adellon P.
Andrus, John Atwater, Clarence F. Barker, Jas. Barr, M. D., G. S.
Battey, L. H. Bradley, Will LeRoy Brett, A. B., Henry H. Boulter,
Geo. F. Clark, Ph. B., Thomas C. Clendening, G. W. A. Collard, M.
D., Calvin Edson Covey, Alex. K. Crawford, Clarence A. Daily, John
G. Dawson, Alex. C. Dockstader, Alexander Donald, J. C. M. Drake,
Jesse C. Fate, H. Fischer, Ed. H. Flint, Mrs. Amelia J. French, Emil
G. Freyermuth, Sophia M. Funk, Edgar Jay Gibson, Thomas Gilles¬
pie, 8ilas M. Gleason, Addie M. Goodnow, Paschal P. Gray, J. I.
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212
Hahnemann Commencement.
[March 1,
Groves, Margaret Hislop, Horace D. Hull, F. C. John (honorary),
Frank Ben. Johnson. Edward M. Kanouse, Samuel S. Kehr, J. Henry
Kimball, Alex. M. Kinkaid, Henry M. Kennedy, E. Leighton, M. D.,
(ad eund ), E. A. Lyon, Lucius McAllister, David McClellan, Mrs. H.
L. McCool, Walter A McDowell, Henry J. Martin, C. F. O. Miessler,
G. W. Mingos, Homer P. Mix, Phineas J. Montgomery, J. Christie
Morse, John 8. Nitterauer, James T. Ozanne, Rachel S. Packson,
John T. Palmer, Jr., Lyman R. Palmer, Harry Parsons, Charles S.
Penfield, E. Scott Pigford, Charles A. Pusheck, H. L. Reed, W. A.
Reed, Mrs. Belle Reynolds, George M. Rockwell, Eber H. Ryno,
Alvin P. Sawyer, George F. Shears, Hugh P. Skiles, Geo. E. Smith,
Melvin J. Stearns, Charles N. Stevens, Fred P. Stiles, J. J. Stoner,
M. D., B. Franklin Strong, H. R. Surles, M. D., O. G. Tremaine,
Robert F. Tousley, Charles C. Wakefield, Charles R. Ward, Edson
D. Wheeler, A. A. Whipple, M. I}., William H. Whitmore, Duron
A. Whittlesey, Elijah Wooley.
The valedictory address to the class was read by Prof. W. J.
Hawkes, M. D., on behalf of the Faculty. He classed the duties of
the young physician as those due to himself, his patients, and his art,
advising them as to each.
The college quartet then sang a class song, and the presentation of
prizes took place as follows: Prize of $25 for the best general exam¬
ination, L. H. Bradley, of Wisconsin; buggy case for second best
examination, Edson Wheeler, of Illinois; Small prize for the best
paper on haemorrhoids, J. C. M. Drake, of New York; Hall prize of
full set of amputating and trephining instruments for best surgical
examination, J. C. M. Drake ; Hoyne prize for best examination on
skin diseases, G. E. Clark, of Michigan; Ludlam prize, for best
report of women’s clinic, Walter A. McDowell, of Illinois; Coles
prize, for best dry preparation, L. R. Palmer, of Hlinois; Leavitt
prize, for best report of the obstetric clinic, H. D. Hull, of Michi¬
gan ; Fellows prize, for best neurological clinic; A. K. Crawford, of
Ontario, Can.; Lanning prize, for the best report of the children’s
clinic, A. K. Crawford; Yilas prize, complete set of cylindrical lenses
for best thesis on the anomalies of refraction and accommodation, M.
H. Boulter, of Illinois; Wheeler prize, set of physician’s examina¬
tion tubes, for best essay on urinary analysis, L. E. Allen, of Illinois;
Hawkes prize, for best prescriber in medical clinic, buggy-case, J. T.
Ozanne, of Wisconsin,
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1880.]
Medical N ws.
213
Prof. Vilas then announced that the position of House Physician of
the Hahnemann Hospital had been awarded to Dr. George T. Shears,
of Illinois, and that Dr. W. A. Paul, of Maine, had been appointed
assistant.
The exercises closed with the benediction by Bishop Fallows.
The Faculty and students, with their ladies, adjourned to the
Palmer House, where the night was ended with a banquet, speeches,
responses and songs.
Medical News.
Gnoscopine is the name of a new alkaloid of Opium.
Prof. Karl Rokitansky, the celebrated anatomist and pathologist, is
dead.
Indiana Institute of Homoeopathy will hold its fourteenth annual
session in Indianapolis in May next.
Balsam of Peru is the dressing applied to amputated surfaces in
Bellevue hospital, New York.
Brain is the name of an English medical journal devoted to all
things pertaining to the nervous system.
The Western Academy this year meets in Minneapolis .—The various
bureaux are at work on a least of good things.
Florence Nightingale heads the petition presented to the British
Parliament for the repeal of the contagious diseases acts. These acts
license prostitution.
The Northvoestem Academy of Medicine will hold its fourth annual
session on the first Wednesday and Thursday of May, 1880, in the
parlors of the Ogden House, Council Bluffs, Iowa.
Treatment for Tapetoorm.—Prot. Bouchut at the Children’s Hospital
in Paris digests tapeworm while yet in the intestine, by administer¬
ing a weak alcoholic solution containing one-thirty-fifth of amy¬
laceous pepsin.
Tympunities Intestinulis.—In a case of tympanities intestinalis fol¬
lowing ovariotomy the patient was completely inverted, and imme¬
diately there was a rush of the pent up gas, it being expelled with
remarkable force.
Alabama Supreme Court.— In the supreme court of Alabama the
decision has been made that “ a physician may be required to give
expert testimony in a civil or criminal suit without being paid for his
testimony as a professional opinion and upon refusal to testify may
be punished as for contempt.”
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214
Medical News.
[March 1,
Enlargement— The pressure of business has compelled us to enlarge
the manufacturing department of our pharmacy. In these days of
drug store competition we shall not sacrifice reliablity for cheapness.
Our aim is to call out such reports as this : “ We are highly pleased
with the fine quality of your goods.”
Influence of climate on the repair of wounds , accidental and surgical,
was the subject of a paper by M. Rochard, of the French naval
service. The temperature of the torrid zone exerts a beneficial effect
on the process of cicatrization, while in that of the frigid zone cica¬
trization is slow, and ulceration, erysipelas and angio-leucitis follow
slight injuries.
Still Another.—I was duly elected a member of the Board of Health
for this city, sworn in on Dec. 26, 1879, and received the following
notice: “ Chas. E. Pinkham, M. D.—Dear Sir: You are hereby
declared a qualified member of the Board of Health of the city of
Woodland, Cal. A. Nichelsbury, Clerk of Board of Health.”
Woodland, Cal., Feb. 18,1880.
Resident Physician.— The position of Resident Physician of the
Hahnemann Hospital in this city will be vacant July 1. There will
be a competitive examination for the position early in June. The
doctor will receive his board, lodging and washing, also thirty dollars
per month. Applicants may address
John H. Thompson, M. D., Secretary of Medical Board.
36 East 30th St., N. Y.
Illinois State Microscopical Society.— The regular meeting of the
State Microscopical Society of Illinois, for February, will be held at
the Academy of Sciences, No. 263 Wabash avenue, on Friday, the
27th inst., at 8 p. m. Dr. Lester Curtis will read a paper entitled k ‘The
Study of the Cell, with reference to the New Theory.” Dr. S. V.
Clevenger will read a paper on “ The Microscopical Examinations of
Tissues after the Administration of Mercury .” You are invited to be
present. E. B. Stuart, Secretary.
Alumni Association.- - The third annual meeting of the Alumni
Association of the Homoeopathic Medical College of Missouri, will
take place at the College, S. E. Cor. Tenth and Carr streets, on
Wednesday. March 10,1880, at 8 o’clock p. m. On Thursday evening,
March 11, the third annual Alumni banquet and reunion will be
given at the Windsor Hotel. The great interest already manifested
in these coming events, definitely assures a large attendance. Every
Alumnus is earnestly requested to be present to join in our annual
interchange of friendly greetings and fraternal hand shaking. Come
out and be with us, your old college mates, and rally around your old
alma mater. * A. S. Everett,
J. Martine Kershaw,
J. A. Campbell,
W. C. Richardson,
Executive Committee,
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1878.]
Medical News.
215
/Wed.—February 17, of apoplexy, aged eighty-one, at his residence
in Lawndale, Dr. Syene Hale, father of Drs. E. M. and P. H. Hale, of
this city. Dr. Hale was born in Alstead, N. H. His father did
service in the war of the revolution, and was in the battle of Bunker
Hill. He was a graduate of Dartmouth College, practiced medicine
in New Hampshire, removed to Ohio in 1837, where he practiced until
1855, when he joined his sons in Michigan and practiced with them
until they removed to Chicago. In 1866 he came to this city and took
up his residence in Oak Park, where he practiced his profession until
forced to retire by the infirmities of age. He leaves three sons and
two daughters. Dr. Hale was in active practice fiftv-five years;
twenty-five of which was in the Homoeopathic school, which he
embraced after seeing his sons in successful practice therein.
Bureau of General Sanitary Science , Climatology and Hygiene \n the
American Institute of Homoeopathy .— The special subject for discus¬
sion at the June meeting at Milwaukee will be Quarantine. The
divisions of the subject have been assigned to members of the bureau
and papers promised as follows : A. R. Wright, M. D., Buffalo, N. Y.,
(no paper).* 1. International Quarantine, Bushrod W. James, M. D.
2. National quarantine including the sea coast quarantine, Geo. M.
Ockford, M. D., Burlington, Vt. 3. State and local quarantine, W.
H. Leonard, Minneapolis, Minn. 4. Quarantine for refugees exposed
to an epidemic of any kind, by river, railroad or wagon way, D. H.
Beckwith, M. D., Cleveland, Ohio. 5. Disinfection of people, cargo,
and baggage in quarantine, W. S. Berley, M. D., Bath, Me. 6. Sum¬
mary of quarantine laws, rules and regulations of different commer¬
cial nations, E. U. Jones, M. D., Taunton, Mass. 7. The cordon
sanitare. Geo. A. Hall, M. D., Chicago, Ill. 8. Sanitation and loca¬
tion of quarantine stations, L. A. Falligant, M. D., Savannah, Ga.
9. Kinds of quarantine required for the different contagions, G. W.
Barnes, M. D., San Diego, Cal. 10. Quarantine of mailable and
circulating and easily transportable material, Lucius D. Morse, M. D.,
Memphis, Tenn. From these reports synopsis will be made and sub¬
mitted as a basis for discussion by the members of the Institute. All
the information that can be gleaned that is useful, new and novel
upon this topic is desired by the bureau.
Bushrod W. J vmks, M. D., Chairman pro tern.
N. E. corner 18th and Green Sts., Philadeldphia, Feb., 1880.
Memphis Homoeopaths.—In reply to the request of Dr. A. F. Randall
in The Investigator of February 15th, page 154.1 would state that
the Memphis Homoeopaths are amply able to defend themselves against
any aspersions however unjustly cast and from whatever source
originating. That portion of the extract from the Michigan Medical
Hews which relates to the Memphis Homoeopaths is in the main wrong
* A. R. Wright, M. D., having resigned < n account of ill health has no paper.
Dr. B. W. James was appointed to act in his stead.
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216
Medical News .
[March 1,
and entirely unjust as regards two members of the profession at least.
When the epidemic of 1878 broke out there were practicing in Memphis
four Homoeopaths Drs. J. G. Malcolm, L. D. Morse, I. V. Buddeke and
myself. Dr. Malcolm was a comparatively new comer to the city and
was in so much doubt as regards the location that he had never moved
his family from the North. Upon the approach of the epidemic every
thing presented such a gloomy outlook to him that he concluded to
abandon the field. Drs. Morse and Buddeke attended to business
promptly and faithfully until taken sick and physically unable to do
any thing more. They were both under my personal care and as soon
as able to travel left the city*upon my advice.
When Dr. Morse returned in the fall he was not really able to attend
to the necessary demands of his business. As regards myself I was
blessed with health, remained during the entire epidemic, and
attended faithfully to professional duties. As to the boast that “ sim-
ilxa similibus is effectual even to the curing of yellow fever” the proof
is ample and positive even from ‘-regular” sources as observed
during this period. Those physicians invariably had the best success
who administered sinqle remedies for specific indications.
The type of disease was exceedingly malignant. The general death
rate among the whites was about 75 per cent. I know of an Allo¬
pathic physician who was in the thickest of the fight and yet came
out with a loss of less than 30 per cent. He looked well to the nursing,
and as a rule avoided polypharmacy.
No sane man with any experience with the severer forms of yellow
fever will pretend that there is absolute cure for such a type in the
present stage of our therapeutical knowledge. No specific has been
found for its peculiar morbific poison in the same sense that Cinchona
antidotes the effects of marsh miasm.
What we do claim is that where Homoeopathic principles are faith¬
fully carried out in its treatment the patient experiences the greatest
degree of comfort and the death rate is reduced to the minimum point .
I would hereby add my testimony to the heroism of those Allopathic
physicians who remained to battle with the epidemic. No braver or
more devoted band ever enlisted in any cause. Well do I remember
the words of the lamented Avant during a meeting of physicians
early in the epidemic, said he, gentlemen there is no disguising the
fact I fear this disease. I would give ten thousand dollars were I
out of here, but I would not leave for one hundred thousand for I
fepl it to be my post of duty.” In t his spirit he labored and fell a victim
before the battle was half fought. Out of thirty-six physicians about
thirteen died and the remainder were all incapacitated for duty during
some period of the epidemic, except five or six. On the most severe day
only six or seven resident physicians could work. They made an
honorable record and as far as I am concerned am not ashamed of our
own.
Memphis, February, 1880. T. J. Quimby.
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THIS
UNITED STATES
Medical Investigator
A SKMT-MONTHLX JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE.
New Series. Vol. XI., No. 6.—MARCH 16,1880.— Whole No. 268.
Pharmacy Department.
u PHARMACEUTICAL FACTS .”
WHERE CAN WE GET RELIABLE REMEDIES?
Under the above heading I. G. Norance in the October number,
1875, professes to answer some queries of mine on page 132, but I fail
to see that any information is imparted, notwithstanding his fancied
acuteness. I do not profess to be a pharmaceutist, but I think if Lye.
mother tincture were an article of common use, our pharmacies
would indicate in their catalogue that it could be obtained, and
standard authors would know that it is prepared from something
besides the “ spores, which cannot be wetted or dissolved.”
He says that a tincture of Cup. met. cannot be made, and that I
ought to know it! The facts are these: Not long after commencing
the study of materia medica I nought a case and had it filled with
lowest potencies, at what I termed a drug store pharmacy, by direc¬
tion of an M. D. who patronized that institution. I gave the names,
but not the potency, and when I received my case, I had mother
tinctures of Cup. met. and Lye.
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218 A Powerful Disinfectant. [Makch 15,
He says, “ Buy from any reliable house and you will be sure to get
any preparation that is obtainable.”
Exactly ! my dear ignorance; that’s what I was driving at, myself!
He further says: “ I would suggest that he write to Dr. Hughes and
find out where he obtained it ( Naja ), if, as he says, he cannot obtain
it here.” “Hefty”!
I tried to get a low potency from two of our largest Western pharma¬
cies, and the lowest obtained was 6th and 9th. In regard to cheap
remedies, I tried to direct attention to the fact that however much
they may profess to make them according to Jahr & Gruner, etc.,
they are thoroughly unreliable and dear at any price.
To illustrate: I was, not long since, in an establishment which
sells tinctures and dilutions “ made according to the standard Homoe¬
opathic authorities, warranted to be as good as any made,” all for
eight cents, and triturations for twelve cents per ounce, and asked
for Silicea 3d. “ They had only the 2d, but would prepare some of the
3d in a few minutes ’’—which they actually did! I am ashamed to say
that following the example of older doctors I have heretofore bought
goods to a small extent of that firm. Shall we neglect our own phar¬
macies to buy cheap goods from those who avow their disbelief in the
efficiency of potencies ? A. F. R.
A POWERFUL DISINFECTANT.
Chloride of Lead is said to be the most powerful, safe and econom¬
ical deodorizer and disinfectant known. To prepare it for use, on a
small scale, for ordinary purposes, take half a drachm of the Nitrate
of Lead and dissolve it in one pint of hot water; dissolve two
drachms of common salt in two gallons of water and mix the solu¬
tions ; this forms a solution of Chloride of Lead.
A cloth wet with this, and hung up in a room filled with a fetid
atmosphere, will sweeten it instantly ; and the solution thrown into a
water-closet, sink or drain, or wherever the sulphite of hydrogen and
ammonium exists, or is generated, will produce the same effect. It
is not carbonic acid, but the sulphite of hydrogen and ammonium,
which are eliminated with the breath, and through the pores of the
skin, that makes people who are exposed to such an atmosphere so
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1880.1
Climcal Observations.
219
depressed, and which when highly concentrated develops typhus
poison.
Nitrate of Lead is in dry crystals, and is sold according to quantity,
at eighteen to twenty-five cents per pound, which would make several
hundred gallons of the solution of Chlonde of Lead. And if after
testing, it proves to be as effective as represented, let it be published
in every newspaper throughout the land.— Physician and Pharmacist.
Therapeutical Department.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS.
REPORTS FROM THE FIELD OF PRACTICE.
Elkhart, Ind. February 28.—Prevailing diseases now are pneumo¬
nia and bronchitis. Principal remedies in first stage are Verat. vir.,
and Ferrum phos. Have had several cases of true croup this winter.
All have recovered under Hepar ml ., 6, Spongia 200, or Sanguinaria
tincture. A. L. F.
Bremen, Ind., March 7.— Extremely healthy. Prevailing diseases,
neuralgia, a few cases of pneumonia scattered over a wide range of
territory, few cases of tonsillitis, and catarrh of head. Remedies used,
Aeon., Bell., Gels., Bry., Bap., for the catarrh, lod. cum. kali. jod.
Merc , bijo ., Lyc. W. M. B. O.
Terre Haute, Iud., March 7.—Measles are prevailing as an
epidemic. Remedies used, Aconite for fever, Pulsatilla for catarrhal
symptoms, and Kali bich ., for throat complications. A characteristic
for Kali., is pain from malar and zygomatic regions down to the
throat and neck mostly on right side of face. M. H. W yters.
Newton, Kansas, February 26.—The prevailing diseases here are,
in fall, typhoid or typho-malarial fevers ; winter, pneumonia, pleuro¬
pneumonia and diphtheria, with an occasional case of scarlatina or
erysipelas ;| spring! intermittent fever, fever and ague; summer,
infantile diseases, diarrhoea, cholera infantum, and dysentery. Reme¬
dies for the first Baptisia tincture to antidote and hold in check the
typhoid poison, which it does if taken in time, with Bryonia 3x, if
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220
GlimcaX Observations.
[March 15,
bowels are constipated, or Rhus. tox., if bowels are relaxed, and the
remedies otherwise indicated, and Arsenicum to support and strengthen
nervous system, and counteract tendency to cardiac and other local
paralyses. If case is persistent and obstinate I find the Salicylate of
Soda , one to two grains at 6, 8, and 10 a. m. and p. m., and cold com¬
press to bowels, with frequent sponging with cold water during exacer¬
bation of fever a very efficient and an indispensable aid to the treatment
in keeping down the temperature and pulse. Diet: beef tea, milk, rice,
oatmeal, or other gruels, invariably strained and exclusively liquid,
while there is any tympanitis or abdominal tenderness. For pneu¬
monia and pleuro-pneumonia Verat. vir. tincture in one quarter to one-
half drop doses to infants, and children under ten years, and one to
two drops to adults every hour, with Biyonia 3x. every hour between,
or Bell. 3x if there is much tendency to the head, if it goes on to the
second or third stage Tar. cm., 3x to 5x for Verat. vir. For diph¬
theria, mild cases, for last three years have invariably yielded to
Phytolacca 3x, internally and a gargle of the tincture, fifteen to thirty
gtt., in glass full of water every hour alternately. More serious cases
require Bell. 3x and Merc, bijod ., 2x alternately, or if there is a white,
tough, leathery membrane, Merc. cyan. 18x every hour alternately
with Bell 3x. If case is at all malignant with strong foetor oris, I
invariably give one to two grains of Sulpho-carbolate of Soda every four
to six hours to counteract septic poisoning in blood, and since begin¬
ning the use of this as recommeded by the late Dr. G. D. Beebe, dur¬
ing the malignant epidemic in the winter of 1875 and 1877 I have never
failed to get a marked benefit, and have lost no cases however malig¬
nant, using it as intercurrent, regardless of the treatment, rubbed up
with equal parts, pulv. Sac. alb. It is surprising to me with such
experience as this, to see that, Chicago physicians in such cases as are
reported in No. 2 February 15th of “ The Clinique” by Drs. Burt, Hall,
Yon Tagen, Talcott and Small, no mention is made of the use of this to
me, indispensable anti-septic agent. For scarlatina, simplex, Bell. 3x,
for more serious cases Aeon., Bell., Merc, bijod , Arsen, alb., and Bry
and Tar. em., as indicated. S. A. Nkwhall.
Small pox is on the increase in London, and the mortality from
whooping cough in the same city is greater than was ever before
known.
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1880. J
Experience with Diphtheria .
221
AN EVIL AND ITS CURE.
Have just finished second reading No. 156, February 15, United
States Medical Invesigator, and am prompted to say by way of
endorsement of the thoughtful words of Medicus on pages 173 and 174
concerning the classical prerequisites of a good physician, that I am
certain that our school has suffered much on account of the illiterate
votaries (or perhaps I should say practitioners) of it. Not that they
are more ignorant than an equal or even greater proportion of Old
School adherents, but being so much fewer in number it renders the
fact so much more noticeable. There are few small towns having
more than one Homoeopathist, while three to six or even more of the
opposite kinds are there. If half of the latter are more illiterate than
the Homoeopath, yet the other half, if superior to him, will be able to
create a prejudice against him and the cause he represents. But the
cure is in the hands of the profession so far as the future is concerned.
It is simply this: Refuse to take a student under your tutorship whose
education is not such as that you would be proud to publicly acknowl¬
edge him as your student. It is absurd to require a college
faculty to reject one whom we have fostered and encouraged and
forwarded as our pupil. I have aided one student who was a normal
graduate, to become, as he now is, a successful and highly honored
physician. I have dissuaded another by counseling him to procure a
classical education. He is now a P. O. clerk instead of a physician.
Let all M. D’s do likewise. Z. W. Shepherd.
EXPERIENCE WITH DIPHTHERIA .
BY S. A. NEWHALL, M. D., NEWTON, KANSAS.
Seeing several cases reported in the February Number of The
Clinique , of this much dreaded and often malignant disease, I feel
impressed to offer some criticisms upon the treatment reported, more
especially Case 4, by Dr. W. H. Burt: Miss L.,aged six’years, nervo-
bilions temperament, was taken January 9th with a chill, great ach¬
ing pains of the head, back and limbs, accompanied with a sore throat
and high fever. On the 10th her father called stating the above facts.
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222 Experience with Diphtheria. [March 15,
I sent Kali bich., with a promise that I would visit the child in the
morning.”
Now the reported symptoms given by this father are as exact a
similia of Phytolacca decandra as we ever get of a remedy, and in exact
accordance with the grand characteristics of this drug as given by Dr.
Burt in his Materia Medica, and also in exact accordance with cases
reported, (in T. G. Oehme’s Therapeutics of Diphtheritis, pages 25 to
58,) by Dr. Burt and others, as being treated successfully by this
remedy. The words in Oehme’s resume , “ chills, violent pains in the
head, back and limbs, accompanied by sore throat and high fever,” and
yet Dr. Burt says, “ I sent Kali bich.,” a remedy adapted to fat, light¬
haired children, and one whose pathoginesis does not include a symp¬
tom of the report, (see Burt’s M. M.), given by the father.
“January 11th at 11 a. m., found the patient with a very sore throat,
the whole back part of the mouth and fauces covered with a grayish
white, pseudo-membrane, and both nostrils completely occluded with
the exudation, the breath was excessively foetid, the pulse was 120and
the temperature 102.”
Still the similia is covered better by Phytolacca, (see Oehme’s, also
Burt’s M. M., page 407). “Grayish white pseudo-membrane, on
fauces, tonsils, and pharynx, excessive fetor of the breath, with high
fever, aching of the head, back and legs,” and still Dr. Burt does not
give Phytolacca decandra but gives Baptxsia and Mercurius cyan., both
in the second decimal, in water, alternately every hour. My experience
with Baptisia is that it is of no use in diphtheria, but indispensable in
typhoids with fetor oris.
The pathogenesis of Mercurius cgan. as given by Dr. E. M. Hale’s,
New Remedies, fourth edition, pages 252, Vol. I, and 193, Vol. II.,
teaches me that it is unsafe to use below the sixth dilution, or tritur¬
ation owing to its virulence as a poison, and I have used it invariably
in the 18th decimal dilution, and always alternately with Bell., 3x and
when indicated had no failure. The excessive salivation and other
results in this case convince me that the Merc. cyan., produced, patho¬
genetic effects, and lost the case, the child living till January 20th
shows there was vitality enough for better results.
Now for my reasons for this criticism. I have always had a high
opinion of Dr, Burt as an author and instructor in materia medica.
During the malignant epidemic of 1878 and 1877 our town suffered
severely. I returned from college at St. Louis, March 4,1877, and on
stepping from the cars was compelled to visit the child of a
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1880.]
Experience with Diphtheria.
228
friend, a little boy of four years, betore going home, found high fever
red angry inflammation of tonsils, and fauces, and pharynx, gave Bell.
3x and Merc, biniod 2xtrit., alternately every hour, next morning child
was very much better, enjoined quiet with diet of egg and milk, and
continued remedies. Contrary to instructions child was dressed, and
allowed to play around the room on the floor, till exhausted, took‘cold,
and relapsed into very malignant type with excessive fetor from the
breath.
He was a fat, light-haired child, remedies would no longer control
the disease, gave Kali bich., 8x and gargle of the same, lx in water,
grew worse, gave Are., 6x for gangrenous tendency, but child died on
the 11th day. I wrote for the Merc, cyan., 6x dil., and trit., to St.
Louis, but before getting it the mother, and brother two years old
were taken, the child, same temperament and disposition of his
brother, both uncontrollable and had to be carried or constantly
changed from one place to another and this one died too on the 11th
day. About the fifth day of this child’s illness I received the Merc.
cyan., 6x and with it H. C. G. Luyties sent me o e-half ounce of the
18x dil., saying that St. Louis physicians liked it very much and notic¬
ing in Luyties’ News, that Yillers insisted on using the 30x, and Hale
and Oehme warned against using it below the 6x, I used the 18x with
marked benefit in the mother, and slight relief in the child. I also
saw in Luytie’s Homoeopathic News , March 1877, the mention of the
Sulpho-carbolate of Soda , as an anti-septic in the blood. I had been so
busy with my graduating course that I had not read the controversy
among Chicago M. D.s on the use of the drug. But Dr. Beebe’s claims
seemed so reasonable that I went down town almost in despair of
finding it, but on going into the second and last drug store, and ask¬
ing for it, J. B. Dickey jumped up and said, “yes I telegraped to
Chicago last winter for it and got it, and these doctors (Allopaths) here
won’t touch it. I took it and began using it as an intercurrent remedy,
one to two grains every six hours, giving Bell., Kali bich., Ars., and Cap¬
sicum, alternately, regardless of it, and Kali bich., or Capsicum as a
gargle, as indicated, with marked benefit in every case where i used it,
and by this time I had twenty cases at once, fifteen of which were
caused by contagion from the two boys, and in no case did my reme¬
dies act with satisfactory promptness unless I used the Sulpho-carbo-
late to protect and cleanse the blood.
Now comes my use of the Phytolacca decand. 1 had never given a
dose of it in the world, had had unbounded success in every one of
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224
Experience with Diphtheria.
[Mabch 15.
twenty cases, among them my wife, daughter eighteen, and boy three:
and now another daughter nine years of age, nervo-bilious tempera¬
ment, was taken with chill, continued chills, violent headache or pains
in head, back and limbs, grayish pseudo-membrane on tonsils, fetor
from breath, gave Bell. 8x,and Merc, cyan,, 18x every hour alternately,
no improvement in twenty-four hours, but evident protection in blood
from the Sulpho-carbolate of Soda. Sharp, shooting pains from tonsils
into ears, tried the Mere, biniod , no benefit, disease slightly controlled
but strength failing notwithstanding the best nursing, ventilation,
and care, and plenty of nourishment, egg and milk, yet mv child was
going slowing but surely unless I could do better. In almost despair,
and desperation I took Oshme, Hale, and Burt, and under Phytolacca
decand ., I found thesimilia of my child’s case. I had one ounce of
the tincture of the green root that I had made two years before as an
experiment, and came near throwing it away repeatedly because it
was imperfectly filtered, but had as often set it away with a feeling
that it might serve me sometime, and now the time had come. I
made the 3x dil., and gave it every two hours, in water, and a gargle
made of thirty drops in a glass full of water every alternate hour.
Continuing the Sulpho-carbolate of Soda every six hours. There was
marked relief from the first dose, and in three days my child was out
of danger except from cardiac weakness from muscular paralysis,
which Ctn„ 3x and Ars., 3x alternately relieved promptly.
With this experience it surprised me to see such a report of a case
ffom Dr. Burt, the man who first brought the remedy before the pro¬
fession in the treatment of diphtheria; and during the three years
since I have treated probably two hundred cases, and ninety-nine out
of a hundred indicated, and were cured by, Phytolacca decand. And it
it is just as surprising to me that I see no mention made of the use of
the Sulpho-carbolate of Soda^ and all the arguments against its use, I
fail to see any claim that it had been tried as an intercurrent, anti¬
septic agent to aid other remedies by protecting the blood from
poisoning, as recommended by the late lamented Dr. G. D. Beebe.
This article has grown to twice the proportions I intended, but I
have said no more and not half that the subject demands, for if the
claims of Dr. Beebe for the Sulpho-carbolate of Soda are true, and my
experience teaches that they are, such men as Small, Von Tagen, Hall
Burt, Talcott, sending reports outto practitioners throughout the coun¬
try, youpg and old, should have tested it long ere this, and give the pro¬
fession the benefit of their extended experience; and an author and
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1880 .]
Clinical Observation* in St. Jacques ’ Hospital.
226
educator in materia medica should at least follow the “ similia ” and
text of his own teachings and those of others until they are thoroughly
tested and fail before departing from them as in this case.
S. A. Newhall.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS IN ST. JACQUES' HOSPITAL.
BY DR. JOUSSET, PARIS, FRANCE.
Translated from Bui. de la Soo. Med., Nov. 187V, by J. M. Strong, M. D., Allegheny,
Pa.
TYPHOID FEYER.
A young girl, suffering from gonorrhoea after several months’treat¬
ment, was admitted November 4th. The discharge was very abun¬
dant, and of a greenish color; the external genitals were inflamed.
Treatment, Cann. ind. tincture and frequent injections. This remedy
was continued for several days without any improvement in the disease.
On the seventh day she began to complain of headache, malaise, loss
of appetite. Remained in bed. This condition was followed by
slight pain in the abdomen which was slightly distended, profuse
sweat, thirst, eyes brilliant and moist, tongue white.
On the eleventh day the menses appeared and were profuse, twelfth
day abdomen more distended, painful on pressure in right iliac region
where a gurgling could be detected, thirst intense, slight diarrhoea.
Morning temperature, 101.3°. Evening temperature, 102.8°. Pulse 06.
Fourteenth day. Epistaxis, menstrua] flow still abundant, prostra¬
tion extreme, slight fall in the temperature.
Fifteenth day. Morning temperature 101.3°. Evening temperature
104°.
Sixteenth day. No improvement. Patient complains more of feel¬
ing tired than of any marked acute pain. No eruption. Bathed with
aromatic vinegar.
Eighteenth day. Morning temperature 101.4°. Evening tempera¬
ture 103°. Baptisia tinct ., had been given from the eighth day,
and was now changed to Sulphate oj Quinine. The temperature fell
on the first day, but returned on the evening of the second day to 104*
Twenty-second day. Insomnia. Patient complained of extreme
weakness, tongue white but not dry, thirst intense, trembling and
twitching of tendons. Pulse 80 to 90, quick. Very little deviation
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226 Clinical Observations in St. Jacques' Hospital. [March 15,
between the morning and evening temperature. Diarrhoea profuse,
Phosphor, acid ., 3. This was changed to Arsenic on the * following
day and was continued to the end of the case.
Twenty-eighth day. Bloody stools which had begun on the twenty-
seventh day. Stupor. Evening temperature lower than the morning.
On the twenty-ninth day the evening temperature was again 104.
The condition remained unchanged until death occurred on the thirty-
sixth day after admission.
CATARRHAL NEPHRITIS.
This patient about two weeks before her admission to the hospital,
in consequence of fatigue and exposure to cold, had been seized with
an acute chill, slight fever, and severe pains in the region of the kid¬
neys. She continued at her work, however, until the present date,
December 6th. For the last few days the pains in the kidneys have
been less, but to-day pressure upon the lumbar region revives them.
The quantity of urine voided is somewhat in excess of the normal
quantity, and contain slight traces of albumen. Cantharis 6.
December 8th. Pains in kidneys have almost entirely disappeared.
Complains of pain in the left side. Examination of the lung does not
reveal anything abnormal. Pains in the epigastric region, digestion
painful, occasional nausea. Nux. vom !, 12.
December 13th. No complaint except an acute intercostal neural¬
gia. Bry., 3. Cured.
ANGINA.
Has been suffering for three days with pain in the throat which was
ushered in by a severe chill. There is loss of appetite, vomiting. On
examining the throat we find an intense redness of the palate and arches
a small grayish white patch upon the left tonsil. The sub-maxil¬
lary glands are not engorged. Deglutition painful. Pulse 90. Even¬
ing temperature 102°. Bell, tincture. (December 7th).
December 9th. No fever. Pain in the throat less. Treatment con¬
tinued.
December 12th. Cured.
DIARRHGCA.
Case I. This patient was attacked about three weeks ago without
any known cause, with acute pains in the bowels, followed by a pro¬
fuse diarrhoea, the passages occurring as often as fifteen to twenty
Digitized by ^ooQie
1880.]
Clinical Observations in St. Jacques ’ Hospital.
227
times in twenty-four hours. The stools were liquid, yellowish and
without any blood. The attack had since its onset been characterized
by presenting on certain days a marked diminution.
Decembei 11th. Tongue white, thirst intense, appetite gone,abdo¬
men not bloated, but painful to pressure. Five stools to-day. Arsenic
3rd., trit. Under this remedy improvement was manifested, but an
aggravation occurring, Ipecac was given and then Veratrum alb ., but
without removing the disease. On the 30th Arsenicum was again
given and the diarrhoea ceased entirely. Discharged January 7th.
Case 2. This patient was seized about six weeks ago with a diar¬
rhoea, in consequence of a chill, which lasted live days, and after ceas¬
ing for some days, returned with renewed violence. He had four or
five stools a day. The stools were liquid, yellowish and without blood
and were accompanied with severe pains. Appetite good, thirst not
marked. No fever. Arsenicum 3. Cured.
ABSCESS OF THE BREAST.
This patient was confined about eight months before her admission
into the hospital. She had nursed her child for seven months when
she had an abscess in the breast which opened spontaneously at the
end of two weeks. At the present date there exists a second abscess
larger than the first. The abscess is superficial, the skin is red, tender,
with evident fluctuation, but without vrey deep induration. Com¬
plains of burning pains. No fever. Appetite good. Phosphor 6.
ERYSIPELAS OF THE FACE.
This patient was seized two days before with malaise and fever,
together with a slight redness upon the nose. During the period pre¬
ceding this manifestation, he had had a severe coryza, which had
given place to the formation of thick crusts in the nose. Several of
these crusts had been torn away by the patient, leaving small ulcers,
which were probably the point of departure for the erysipelas. The
redness increased rapidly and soon extended to the cheeks. On the
third day there was considerable swelling of the nose and left half of
the face, the skin was warm, glossy and distended; touch reyealed
induration at the limit of the redness. There was no engorgement of
the sub-maxillary glands. Pulse 108. Morning temperature 102.1°.
Evening temperature 103.6°.
Fourth day. The swelling and discoloration of the skin had
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228
Clinical Observation s in St. Jacques* Hospital. [March 15,
increased ; the right side of the face was involved, the eyelidsswollen.
Tongue coated white. Thirst active. Treatment, China . G.
Fifth day. The condition about the same with the exception of an
increase of temperature. The medicine was continued, gradual
improvement set in, and the patient seemed completely cured on the
ninth day. But on the fourteenth day the disease reappeared on the
left side of the face. The inner angle of eye and cheek were red.
Pulse 90. Evening temperature 104°. China was repeated.
Fifteenth day. Disease has extended to the right side of the face,
but the attack is not so severe as in the iirst instance. On the nine¬
teenth day the disease, which had gradually lessened, showed itself
only in a slight desquamation of the skin.
SUPPURATIVE PNEUMONIA.
This patient was seized two days before admission to the hospital
with a chill and severe pain in the left side, the result of exposure to
the cold while perspiring. In the evening of the same day he began
to cough which caused a pain in the side; the expectoration was very
abundant, the fever high, the appetite gone.
Third day. The respiration is very frequent and panting. The
cough was less frequent, but very painful. The expectoration was
less, the discharge being of a viscous nature, bitter, of the color of
currant jelly, and adherent to the vessel. Face red and covered wish
sweat. Cephalalgia severe. Tongue white, thirst active. Pulse
strong and full, 120 per minute. Morning temperature 104.5°. Per¬
cussion detected, a dullness in the lower two-thirds of the left lung,
greatest at the middle portion. No rales could be detected, bul a very
marked tubular murmur was present, as bronchophony. Evening
temperature 104.5°. Pnlse 120. Bryonia.
Fourth day. The pain in the side is less than in the evening before.
The murmur lessened. Respiration slower. Temperature 104°. In
the evening the patient was covered with sweat, thirst very active.
Pulse 130. Temperature 104.5°.
Fifth day. The patient is less oppressed. The expectorations are
less viscous, but of a prune juice color. Murmur always present, but
no rales. The tongue dry covered with a white coating. Perspiration
less. Morning temperature 102.2°. Evening temperature 104.3 Q .
Pulse 130. Bryoma was continued.
Sixth day. Passed a very restless night, with continued delirium,
trying to leave his bed. Skin bnrning hot, with but little moisture.
Digitized by {jOOQle
1880.JJ |, Clinical Observation in St. Jacques' Hospital. 229
Expectoration scanty, black greenish. Respiration very frequent,
panting. Pulse]small, filiform, quick, 130. Arsenicum 3rd. trit., was
alternated with the Bry. 3.
Seventh day. Patient died.
INFLAMMATION OF THE PAROTID REGION.
On the day before this patient applied to the hospital she had felt a
severe pain in the region of the parotid gland, followed almost
immediately by redness and swelling which progressed rapidly. On
the day of admission the swelling was of considerable size, the skin of
violet color, which extended to the cheeks, glistening and tense. Sub¬
maxillary glands tumefied, painful. Deglutition difficult. Pulse 112.
On the next day the infiltratred region retained an impression of the
finger for some minutes. Bell . tincture.
Fourth day. Fever active. Pulse 112, quick; deglutition painful.
Bell, tincture.
Fifth day. Redness extended to the sterno-cleido muscle upon one
side, and on the other side to the inner angle of the eye. Tension and
hardness excessive. Several spots show a deep violet color. No fluc¬
tuation can be detected. Fever high, thirst excessive. Pulse 116.
Sixth day. A small discharge from the ear, of pus mixed with
blood. The patient expectorates masses which contain the debris of
cellular tissue.
Seventh day. No change. Apis. 3.
Eighth day. Had a very bad night, skin of a violet color. Patient
seized with syncope and died.
ARTICULAR RHEUMATISM.
This disease attacked first the wrist and then the knees, which pre¬
sented some swelling and redness. At present the knees are the part
principally effected. The left is swollen, but without any traces of
liquid. Patient complains of attacks of palpitation. An indistinct
murmur is detected at the apex during the first beat. Appetite les¬
sened, thirst intense, tongue white, pulse 84, E. T., 101°, 3. On the
26th of December, tibio-tarsal articulations and those of the foot are
painful. On the external surface of the right foot, there is marked
swelling and redness. Clininnium sulph ., 2nd. trit. Improvement fol¬
lowed this remedy which was not changed till the 31st., when China
3d trit. was given.
Digitized by ^ooQie
230 Alcoholism . [March 15,
On January 11th for vague pains in the knees and feet when walk¬
ing, Rhododendron 12 was given. Cured.
Dr Gonnard gives his experience m diphtheria as follows: When
there is considerable swelling of the mucous membrane and tonsils as
well as the glands, Apis niel . Very little swelling, but an encroaching
false membrane, accompanied by a marked prostration, diarrhoea, and
a sensation of a foreign body in the throat, Lachesis. In a third case
without any marked characteristic symptom, Bromine was effectual,
used according to the method of M. Teste.
ALCOHOLISM.
A LECTURE BY J. MARTINE KERSHAW, M. D. PROFESSOR OF DIS¬
EASES OF THE BRAIN, SPINE AND GENERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
IN THE HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE OF MISSOURI.
Reported by Dr. W. B. Morgan,
Gentlemen : This is a disease of the general nervous system and
may either be acute or chronic.
Alcohol primarially affects the motor and secondarily the sensory
nerves. This may be stated of the general effects upon the nervous
system though in some particulars the distinction is not so apparent.
If a nerve be exposed and alcohol be applied to it, its motor power
below the point of application will be lost.
The first effects of alcohol in moderate doses is stimulant. The sys¬
tem of the person taking it is below par, he has a weak, feeble pulse,
poor digestion, is nervous, sleepless or depressed. Alcohol in moder¬
ate doses will remove these symptoms of debility and bring his sys¬
tem up to the health line; but if taken in excessive quantities it
becomes poisonous. When too much has been taken there is a reac¬
tion from its stimulating effect, the fingers, and it may be the tongue,
become numb, the muscles weak, with perhaps incoordinate move¬
ments, the face is flushed, the eyes water, there is mental confusion,
thick-tongued speech and finally delirium and coma.
Alcohol is eliminated from the system chiefly by the kidneys, but by
the skin somewhat. The habits and occupation of the person using
it have a great deal to do with his susceptibility to its influence. In
those individuals in whom the circulation is quickened and elimina-
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1880.j
Alcoholism.
281
tion accelerated by outdoor labor the susceptibility is least; while it
is greatest in those who are most confined to sedentary occupations
within doors. Anstie states that barbers and shoemakers suffer most.
Prominent among the causes that lead to the use of strong drink
are depressed emotions. As an instance of this I may call your atten¬
tion to a case I treated some years ago. A smart, well educated man,
an editor of one of the city papers had been unhappily married.
Relatives attempted to regulate matters, but as is generally the case
made them a great deal worse, and he was continually in an unsettled
turbulent condition. He came of neurotic family in which there had
been some insanity I believe, and his hard drinking and domestic
trouble made a very profound effect upon his nervous system. He
was first takeii to a hospital where he was treated with great quanti¬
ties of Chloral. This having no beneficial effect, he was removed from
the hospital and I was called to treat him. 1 found him suffering
from Chloral as well as alcohol poisoning. He was in a continual state
of terror; he was afraid to attempt to sleep without having th^ doors
open so that his friends could come in and rescue him from all kinds
of imaginary horrors. I treated him for some time with considerable
benefit to his general condition, but he would periodically go off on a
drinking spree and he finally became insane. He was confined in an
asylum, but was so violent they did not keep him there. He was
taken out and sent to an asylum in the east where he now is. This is
one of the many cases of alcoholism which end in insanity.
I have a lady in charge now who has been driven to drink by
family troubles. Her husband is dissipated, is out nights, has con¬
tracted a venerial disease, and she has become infected. She
acquired a gonorrhoeal affection of the eye, a very dangerous com¬
plaint, from using a towel previously used by her husband. I at once
sent her to Dr. Campbell and he succeeded in saving her eye, but
she thorougly hates her husband. I was called to see her on New
Year’s day. She had been drinking and at the time of my visit was
trying to eat. She had been quarreling with her husband just before
I arrived and was considerably excited. She got down on her knees
and begged me to save her from going crazy, and we had a difficult
time quieting her. When she is sober she is very ladylike and she
might reform if her troubles could be removed. As it is she takes to
drink for eight or ten days or two or three weeks at a time.
Another lady came to my office the other day to consult me concern¬
ing a matter that she said she had some hesitation in mentioning. She
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282
Alcoholism.
[March 15,
said the habit of using liquor had become so strong that she could not
stop. In response to my inquiry she said that her husband provided
well for her and was good to her with the exception of being some¬
what jealous. She was worried and excited by his throwing up to her
what he considered as her unbecoming conduct. She had first taken
stimulants when sick but had continued their use until she could not
stop. The idea of becoming a drunkard was horrible to her, and she
wanted help to overcome the habit.
Mental depression is a cause that leads many to drinking. Many
prostitutes drink because they are troubled with recollections of their
past lives and they desire forgetfulness, though but temporary.
Women have more conscience than men and do not become so cal¬
lous.
The lowest prostitute loves something or somebody. But the
greater emotional nature of woman drives her when she does take to
drink to the most desperate drunkenness.
I kpew another lady who would every little while drink hard for
two or three days. She belonged to a fine family, and when sober felt
terribly about her conduct. When under the influence of drink she
was a raving maniac, would go out in the street in her night clothes
and do all sorts of unwomanly things. Her family kept the matter as
quiet as possible and I, though I lived for several years in the same
neighborhood, never knew anything of it until I was called to treat
her.
Desire to get rid of pain is another cause that leads to drink. Neu¬
ralgia, sciatica, gastralgia, uterine pains and others are often relieved
by the use of alcoholic preparations. You know the effect of alcohol
on a depressed nervous condition.
Many drunkards are made by having first used alcohol on the pre¬
scription of physicians. Sometimes the habit is acquired by using
liquor as a stimulant in weakness, or for improving the appetite.
Business associations and its fatigues lead others to drink. Inherited
disposition explains many other cases.
Nervous diseases, like insanity, catalepsy, etc., and especially
drunkenness itself in the parents or, other ancestors may exert their
influence on the offspring by predisposing him to drunkenness. Not
unfrequently one parent is under the influence of liquor at the time
conception takes place. Of the influence of alcohol in inducing
mental derangement, I call your attention to the following from
♦Maudsley:
* Physiology and Pathology of Mind.
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1880.]
Alcoholum.
283
“The influence of alcohol upon the mental function furnishes the
simplest instance in illustration of the action of a foreign matter
introduced into the blood from without; here, where each phase of
an artificially-produced insanity is successively passed through in a
brief space of time, we have the abstract and brief chronicle of the
history of insanity. The first effect of alcohol is to produce an
agreeable excitement, a lively flow of ideas, and a general activity of
mind —a condition not unlike that which sometimes precedes an
attack of mania; then there follows, as in insanity, the automatic
origination of ideas which start up and follow one another without
order, so that more or less incoherence of thought and speech is
exhibited, while at the same time passion is easily excited, which
takes different forms, according to the individual temperament;
after this stage has lasted for a time, in some longer, in some shorter,
it passes into one of depression and maudlin melancholy, as con¬
vulsion passes into paralysis—the last scene of all being one of
dementia and stupor. The different stages of mental disorder are
compressed into a short period of time because the action of the
poison is quick and transitory; we have only to spread the poisonous
action over years, as the regular drunkard does, and we may get a
chronic and enduring insanity in which the above described scenes
are more slowly acted. Or if death cuts short the career of the
individual, and puts a stop to the full development of the tragedy in
his life, we may still not be disappointed at seeing it played out in
the lives of his descendants; for the drunkenness of the parent
sometimes observably becomes the insanity of the offsprings which
thereupon, if not interfered with, goes through the course of degen¬
eracy already described. It is worth while to take note here how
differently alcohol affects different people, according to their tem¬
peraments, even bringing forward the unconscious real nature of the
man; of one it makes a furious maniac for the time being; another it
makes maudlin and melancholic; and a third under its influence is
stupid and heavy from the beginning. So it is with insanity other¬
wise caused; the particular constitution or temperament, rather
than the exciting cause of the disease, determines the form which
the madness takes.”
I will here give the symptom of chronic alcoholism : After a per¬
son has been drinking sometime without any lasting bad symptoms
he will notice that he has tremors in the morning; his hands and
knees will shake. Then he will be unable to sleep. Next he will
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234
Alcoholism.
[March 16,
have buzzing in his ears and headache, specks and clouds before his
eyes, flashes before his eyes when falling asleep which frequently
precede hallucination and he will have attacks of vertigo. As his
disease advances there will be aggravation of all the symptoms, he
will have frightful dreams, and restlessness, inquietude, apprehen¬
sion, fearfulness and terror. About this time he will have morning
sickness and his friends will detect the peculiar bad breath of the
drunkard.
Emaciation does not generally follow alcoholism. The victims are
in a condition of apparent health and may appear to be fat, but the
flesh is soft and flabby — bloated. Red eyes and noses appear, and in
some cases hematemesis. Haemorrhoids are common. As the disease
develops sensory impairment becomes more marked, the intellect is
clouded, the individual becomes untruthful and viscious. Insanity,
dementia, apoplexy, or epilepsy may follow. I recently had a des¬
perately bad case in a printer who was subject to hallucinations. He
was sleepless, had tremors and terrors. I treated him for a time,
but not being able to place him under restraint, could not control
him as should be done with a case of that nature.
Delirium tremens may result from either acute or chronic alcohol¬
ism. The victim after experiencing many of the symptoms I have
mentioned, sleeplessness, terrible dreams, loss of appetite, tremors,
etc., becomes subject to hallucinations. Snakes, toads, rats, mice,
and bugs suddenly appear to him in his bed, his boots, on his clothes
or in his pockets, and fill him witli most unspeakable horror. Some¬
times he hears people call him names, or threaten him, or mock him
with laughter. Sometimes he has delusions of smell; he imagines
most offensive odors. Elis system is always in a depressed state; his
skin is cold and he perspires easily. The attack may come on while
he is drinking or during a sober interval. The popular notion that
an attack comes from abstinence on the part of a drunkard, I think
is fallacious. Incoherence is exhibited by the subject of delirium
tremens, he talks wildly and disconnectedly of strange subjects. He
suffers from great mental anxiety and is always restless, changing
from one chair to another, getting in bed and out, and going out of
doors and returning. If his body is quiet for a moment his eyes are
not, but continue to roll and stare about wildly. He may evince
great anger but it is commingled with cowardice.
At first there will not be delusion, but things go on until this state
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1880.1
Alcoholism.
235 •
is reached. It will then become necessary to hold the sufferer in bed,
his pulse will be found to be 130 or 140, his tongue will tremble, he will
gaze with staring eyes, and at length pass into a condition of pros¬
tration resembling typhoid fever. Convulsions may supervene and
death will end the scene. Patients suffering with delirium tremens
not infrequently collapse and die in two or three minutes. Another
condition produced by alcohol is acute mania. This is developed in
some who seldom drink, and many crimes are committed during its
continuance that are not comprehended by their perpetrators after¬
wards.
Melancholy with a tendency to suicide is another result of alco¬
holism.
Oynomania is a term applied to the disposition of many people to
resort to hard drinking periodically. Many of the best hearted men,
and those who between times are industrious, virtuous and honorable,
possess this disposition, and giving way at times to their inclination
let the worst elements of their natures run riot. Some authors think
this disposition is inherited, and it is stated that insanity has been
found to exist in very many families to which these individuals belong.
A weakness of the nervous system leads many to resort to drink, and
it certainly augments the pernicious consequences of intemperance.
The diagnosis of alcoholism is generally easy, but it should be
remembered that it developes conditions very closely resembling
those usually originating from other causes. Some of these conditions
resemble ordinary epilepsy, senile epilepsy, hysterical convulsions,
locomotor ataxia, paralysis agitans, lead poisoning, general paralysis
of the insane, etc.
The prognosis in old cases is not good. In others, if the cooperation
of the patients themselves and their friends can be secured, cures may
be effected.
* As a matter of interest, and bearing somewhat upon this matter, I
introduce the following table showing how alcohol diminishes the
chances of life:
Having reached
the age of
Has an avernge chance
of still surviving
| But the intemperate have an average
chance of surviving only
30
30
40
50
00
44.31 years.
36.48 „ !
38.79 „
21.25 „ [
14.38 „
15.53 y’rs, or 35 pr cent. 1
| 13 80 „ 88
11.62 „ 40 „
10.88 „ 51
8.94 ,. 63 „ J
of the duration
. of life of the
general popula¬
tion.
* Hamilton on Nervous Diseases.
Digitized by t^ooQie
236 Alcoholism, [March 15*
In the treatment the great end to be secured is the breaking off of
the habit.
The subjects ordinarily have little appetite and digestion is
imperfectly carried on then depending largely on their unnatural
stimulant for sustenance. If we wish to secure abstinence from
the stimulant we must improve the digestion and supply nutritious
food. Such patients should have beef and oyster soups, fish, meat
eggs, etc.
If the power of the stomach is so impaired that the system can not
be sufficiently nourished in the usual way, injections of soup, etc.,
may be used.
Some remedies act beneficially. In our school Byoscyamus , Bella¬
donna, Nux and Bryonia are favorites. The other school think that
Quinine in about one gr., doses, once or twice a day, does more good
than any other drug.
It is not always best to enjoin total abstinence at once. If a person
is depending mainly on liquor for sustenance, and this is suddenly
withdrawn while his system is incapable of appropriating sufficient
nutriment from food the result cannot be but disastrous. Such patients
shouid be allowed a limited quantity of liquor which should be
diminished gradually as their ability to digest their food and to sleep
increases. Moral suasion and intelligent management will cure
many cases.
Although remedies are of importance in overcoming the nervous
depression following the use of alcohol, the removal of the cause, as
already stated, ^absolutely necessary, and this can only be accom¬
plished in many instances by confining the patient to an asylum where
he will be under perfect control. Resolves and resolutions are made
to no purpose, and strict asylum control is the only means by which
many obstinate cases can be cured.
The Clinic reports that sixty soldiers of the garrison of Thromille
were taken sick with trichinosis, two of them dying. It was after¬
wards ascertained that the disease was contracted from the fiesh of
geese they had eaten.
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1880.]
Consultation Department .
237
Consultation Department.
MALE LEUCORRHCEA ?
E. M. Harrison’s case, page 138. His patient don’t care for the
name so he*is relieved and I suggest Fluoric acid, Agnus cast., as
Remedies to be studied for the case. “ Male Leucorrhoea ” may do for
the name of the condition, but I would consider it gleet , and gleet and
stricture most always follow improperly treated gonorrhoea, (especially
treatment with injections), sooner or later, even twenty years from the
original case. J. F. Edgar.
CASE FOR COUNSEL.
Mrs. G., married, aged forty-five, tall, spare, and dark complex-
ioned. Been'addicted to Opium habit for four years. At present.she
is using Laudanum of which she.takes about two drachms per.day.
Commenced treatment to-day,; stopped * Opium ^entirely and gave
Macrotin, 3x and Nux vomica 4x in alternation ’everyi two}hours.
Macrotin to antidote the Opium and Nux to meet certain stomach.and
bowel symptoms which are present to-day. Macrotin , Musk , and finally
Cojfea in higher dilutions, with intercurrent remedies fc to meet any
complications which may arise, was about the [line of treatment
which I have in mind. I should be pleased to receive suggestions
from physicians, who have experience in this class of cases. The
Investigator improves withjage. Of eight Journals which I take,
I consider it the best. nKeep up its standard. C. F.
scleroderma, what will cure V
I wish to call your attention to a very singular case which came to
me for treatment eleven weeks ago. I will.give a statement of the
case hoping some doctor will offer some suggestions that will benefit
the patient, aged two years and eight months. When about a year
old had a rash on the head, termed by the doctor attending, scaldhead.
Local applications were made and the rash disappeared. In July 1879
Digitized by ^ooQie
258
Consultation Department.
[March 15,
the feet became swollen and hard, not yielding to pressure. The skin
was found cold and rigid upon examination. Medical aid was sum¬
moned, but by reason of the singularity and rarity of the case were
puzzled at first to determine its character. The disease was finally
decided to be scleroderma, a disease seldom occurring and usually fatal.
The skin and underlying connective tissue appear hard like stone,
and is known in the papers as the Petrified Child. This hardening of
the flesh, which first appeared in the feet, spread over little Charlie
until the whole body was affected to a great degree, especially the
feet, legs, arras, hands and ears ; the hands, feet and knees were stiff,
rigid and iramoveable. Such was the condition of the patient when
brought to me for treatment.
My treatment has been Sulphur 40m, and Ars. 40m, alternately every
month, a powder a day. I also directed hot baths given daily. The
hardness of the skin and tissue is gradually subsiding and I am quite
hopeful of its recovery. G. H. Peck.
CASE FOR COUNSEL.
A lady aged thirty-five, weight one hundred, black eyes, black hair,
married, has borne two children, last seven years ago. Complains of
a dull heavy pain extending from occiput down the entire spine. At
times a feeling indiscribable which eventually centers in the cords of
the neck and upper vertebra, with extreme soreness in lumbar region,
also tenderness of the brachial and sacral plexus, which produces a
feeling of nausea in stomach, Nox., relieved. The pain in neck is
ameliorated by (Pliys. ven.,) and local application of Chloroform, also
heating.
Aggravated in the cold air, and in moving the head backward and
lateral motion, worse in the morning upon rising which gradually
wears away toward evening. Has been troubled with chronic rheu¬
matism for several years at times. Also troubled with chronic leucor-
rhoea for many years, with a thick yellow ichorous, offensive discharge
worse before than after menses. Menstrual flux regular, but in excess.
Urine varied, with a yellow sediment at one time, and perhaps the
next voiding of a wine color, or clear. Complains of a heavy pressure
in genitals in walking or standing. In connection with this a pain
and soreness of right chest seemingly at the subdivision of right bron¬
chial. Hawks up at times a tough white phlegm streaked with yellow,
can feel it tear away a spot very sore to the touch, size of a quarter
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1880.]
Consultation Department.
239
dollar, over the bronchia, Bry ., Phos ., Ail. g ., relieves. Cold air aggra¬
vates producing slight angina. Sexual intercourse produces a slight
flow or gush of blood lasting only a moment.
Assistant in counsel will please state medicine potency, etc.
W. M. B. Olds.
MERITS OF_’A SPIROMETER.
Is there not several spirometers, and which do you consider the
best? Are they reliable ? J. O. P.
There are several apparatuses for.testing the chest capacity; some
are made of tin. * In some you blow against a column of mercury.
In both of these we believe there is too much resistance loathe air. In
the latter it is really condensed air that raises the mercury, and it is
not therefore a true test of chest capacity. The neatest'spirometer
we haveseen is; Marsh’s.
In this the air is blown into a very elastic rubber,bladder that offers
no, more resistance than the
air cells themselves. When
inflated as much as the indi¬
vidual can, a tape is passed
about this rubber balloon mar¬
king the number of cubic
inches of air it contains. There are several points of advantage this
instrument possesses over others of the kind. First, it can be car¬
ried any where in the pocket.J ^Second, it\offers the.least resistance
to the expulsion of air from the lungs. This is greatly appreciated
by those whose lungs are very sensitive. Third, it is so much like a
toy that it coaxes those whose lungs are weak or contracted to blow
it up often. In many cases contracted lung capacity is the forerunner
of lung disease.' One. of the advantages of mountain air is that it
coaxes deep inspirations.This instrument in these cases will aid lung
expansion.; ^Fourth, it is, the cheapest. Fifth, the cost of repair is
trifling. If a rubber^bag^bursts or wears out, another can be had for
twenty-nve cents.
Of the .comparative advantages and reliability of .the, different
means of expanding the .chest we refer the, matter to , fck the chest
men,” especially Drs. Mitchell, Dowling, Gregg, Valentine, Buck,
etc., who have made this subject a special study, and who will be
pleased to answer through.our pages.
ir*
J
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Consultation Department.
|March 15,
CASE FOR COUNSEL.
Mrs. G., aged fifty-eight, nervous temperament, tall and spare,
menses ceased one year ago; has been afflicted with hydatid tumors
for the last four years; a little over two years ago she had
two Allopaths operate surgically; nearly a year ago she came
under my treatment requesting medical treatment alone. After
six months treatment of Calcarea carbonica 30, a dose every six
or eight weeks and such intercurrent remedies as seemed indicated
for relief of pains she commenced suddenly to have uterine haemor¬
rhage, and before I could arrive, had passed almost a chamber utensil
full of hydatids. Secale cor. tincture stopped the haemorrhage and
there have no more hydatids been seen, but there are more of them in
the uterus. Her symptoms (subjective) are, violent aching, burning,
throbbing pains in the uterine region extending into both hips, but
mostly into the left hip and partly down the left thigh. The pains
commence about 10 a. m. and cease entirely at about 4 or 5 p. m.,
occurring every day. She is compelled to lie down during the parox¬
ysms but is very restless. Pulse sometimes 104. I have noticed at
times a pulsation in the superficial veins of the forearm. During the
continuance of pains the urine is generally scanty, turbid and saffron
colored and voided frequently; in her free intervals the urine is
normal. There is a discharge of from one to two spoonfuls of blood
with little dark clots size of pumpkin seeds and shreddy skin-like
pieces, also a little yellowish-green matter during the day; some¬
times there is a bearing-down sensation in the pelvis. The bowels
when I first took the case were very badly constipated, stool was
almost impossible even with the aid of cathartics and enemata, out
Alumina 200 and Sulphur and Nux vom. have put them in good shape.
Appetite is good and digestion also; green fruit and canned fruits
only disagree, causing acidity of stomach. During the pains she is
peevish and cross at times, but that is evanescent as she likes to talk
and joke at intervals as it seems to help her misery. I have used
Arsen. 3x principally for relief of pains and I have found it better
adapted than any remedy I have tried; under its constant use tne
pains are Jess severe and she is almost free from them, but if she
ceases its use for two weeks they return. To-day I prescribed Secale
cor. tincture two drops ter die to aid in expulsion, having almost lost
faith in Calc. carb. There is a ringing in the ears and the eyelids are
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Tour Around the College World.
241
sometimes glued together in the morning. Criticism and suggestions
will be thankfully received. J. Fletcher.
College News.
TOUR AROUND THE COLLEGE WORLD.
HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE OF MISSOURI.
Badly used up from excessive work during February, the sickliest
month with us since July, we turned over our patients to four medical
friends, and winged our way southward to rest and resume our tour
among the “doctor factories.”
At St. Louis, we were piloted to the college building by Prof. Ker¬
shaw, where we found Prof. Cummings, with his able corps of assist¬
ants, among them Mrs. Dr. Pearman, nearly buried out of sight amid
the multitude of clinical cases. Such an abundance of material we
have not seen since we left the New York Ophthalmic Hospital. We
found some interesting children cases, and we must give them a talk
on “Acids and Alkalies.” The lectures had closed and they were
busy with examinations, but Prof. Cummings gave us his clinical
lecture hour to practically illustrate the value of our chemical division
of children cases. After giving an outline of why there is a prepond¬
erance of acid or alkaline juices in the digestive canal, we had a run
on tongues from the red denuded strawberry acid tongue of gastritis,
to the broad, pale, flabby alkaline one of catarrh, then we had a pan¬
oramic view of epidermis from the alkaline exudation of eczema to
the acid acne rosacea of inanition. We had a view of the croups in
these different classes of children, when the venerable form of Presi¬
dent Spaulding with a bundle of examination papers on physiology,
and the settled cloud of anxiety on the faces of our audience of expec¬
tant physicians, was the signal for a change of programme. Prof.
Spaulding has some views on the lymphatic system, (which we had
dubbed the bayou or back water system) that our readers will be
pleased to read. We were much pleased with the appearance of this
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242
Commencement Exercises.
i [March 15,
graduating class. For intelligence, interest and enthusiasm, they
compare favorably with any we have seen. We congratulated them
on having a live professor of paedology in friend Edmunds. In the
St. Louis Children’s Hospital we found some interesting cases. Good
Samaritan Hospital is under the ^are of our school. Friend Com¬
stock holds there an interesting gynaecological clinic weekly. Under
the efficient management of Dean Walker the college is taking rapid
strides to the front. Prof. Valentine reports a large increase of
students, and double the number of candidates for graduation of the
year before. “We were never in a more prosperous condition,” was
his enthusiastic report. Surgeon Parsons who recently sustained an
incomplete fracture of the tibia, was out on crutches, and off oper¬
ating for some medical friend. Prof. Richardson threatens to be
drawn out of medicine by his connection with the A. O. U. W. of
which he is recorder, and chief medical examiner, and the irregular
working of his heart. He has resigned from the college and is trying
to recruit his energies. Prof. Kershaw we found in elegant quarters
in the Winsor Hotel, busy preparing copy for the remaining parts of
his work on Diseases of the Brain and Nervous Systen, which we
shall push through the press as fast as possible. We found P*of. K. t s
office filled with apparatuses of all kinds for treating cases of his
specialty. One Miss with severe lateral curvature was being put
through gymnastics to develop the contractured muscles. This case
said he was the result of spinal irritation, a subject just beginning
to receive the attention it merits.
The two pharmacies, Luyties’ and Munson’s, we found running
under full head of steam. They represented business as “ booming.”
St. Louis has an able corps of Homoeopathic physicians, and we only
regret that we could not visit them all. Our stay was brief, but we
departed well pleased with the esprit du corps manifest. More anon.
Quill.
COMMENCEMENT EXERCISES.
The twenty-first annual commencement exercises of the Homoeo¬
pathic medical college of Missouri occurred March 11th at St. George’s
Hall, and were attended by an audience of about 600.
The exercises opened with an overtnre by Spieling’s Orchestra, fol¬
lowed by prayer by Bishop Robertson. The valedictory address on
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Commencement Exercises.
243
1880. J
the part of the graduating class was delivered by Charles W. Taylor,
of St. Louis.
The prizes for excellence in special branches were then awarded by
I. D. Foulon in a humorous address, during which he was frequently
interrupted by loud laughter and applause.
For excellence in materia medica, first prize, the Eckel gold medal,
given by Dr. Eckel, of San Francisco, was awarded to J. E. Miles of
St. Louis.
Second prize, a silver medal, to W. A. Smith, of Essex, Iowa.
For excellence in surgery, first prize, a silver medal, to W. A. Fors¬
ter, of Fort Scott, Ks. Second prize, silver medal, to VV. A. Smith, of
Essex, Iowa. Third prize, a work or medical therapeutics, all given
by Dr. S. B. Parsons.
For excellence in diseases of the brain and nervous system, a silver
medal, given by Dr. J. Martine Kershaw, to H. J. Dionysius, of St.
Louis.
For excellence in anatomy two volumes of the St. Louis Medical
Review , given by Dr. Valentine to W. A. Smith, of Essex, Iowa, and
S. R. Bebout, of Osceola, Kan.
Honorable mention was made as follows: Anatomy, F. T. Rumser
and F. W. Schaelhase. Obstetrics, II. J. Dionysius, and Mrs. Clara
Santer.
Materia medica, 11. J. Dionysius, Chas. W. Taylor and C. W. Kelly.
The diplomas were then awarded with a neat address by Dr. C. W.
Spalding, and was followed by the usual presentation of flowers to
the members of the class. The graduating class, is as follows:
H. V. Oldfield, of St. Louis; W. D. Gentry, of Wyandotte, Ks.; Chas.
W. Taylor, of St. Louis; W. A. Forster, of Fort Scott, Ks.; S. E.
Miles, of Boonville. Mo.; H. J. Dionysius, of St. Louis; J. E. Cooper,
of Northfield, Minn.; C. W. Kelley, of St. Louis ; Mrs. Clara Santer,
of St. Louis; C. B. Zeinert, of Baldwin, Mo.; C. B. Jordan, of
Wodena, Minn.; Frank T. Runner, of Chillicothe, Mo.; A. C. Potter,
of Clifton, Ks.; Martin Kirsch, of Peppertown, Ind.; W. P. Smith, of
Essex, la.; F. W. Schaelhase, of Tell City, Ind.; Luther O’ Rear, of
Marshal, Mo.; S. R. Bebout, of Osceola, Ks.; John Elder, of High
Grove, Mo.; Ernest Crutcher, of Nashville, Tenn.; A. M. Stearns, of
Essex, la.; Mrs. Margaretta Neff of Sigourney. Ia.; Mrs. Julia Lee,
of Greenville, Col.; Mrs. Jane II. Miller, of Moline, Ill., and H. L.
Porter, of Seneca, Mo.
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244 Commencement Exercises . [March 15 ,
The valedictory on the part of the'Faculty was delivered by Dr. S.
B. Parsons and was an exceedingly able effort.
Among the presents to the graduates was a handsome gold-headed
cane to W. D. Gentry, of Wyandotte, Kan., from Mrs. Dr. Com¬
stock, of St. Louis.
THE BANQUET,
After the benediction by Bishop Robertson the audience dispersed,
and the members of the graduating class, the faculty and their invited
guests proceeded to the Windsor Hotel, to participate in the third
annual banquet of the Alumni Association. A distinctive feature of
this otherwise elaborate and finely arranged repast was the absence of
wine, and the toasts were drunk in coffee and water, as follows:
“ Our Alma Mater,” response by Dr. Richardson.
“Success of the Alumni Association,” response by Dr. J. Martine
Kershaw.
“ Homoeopathy,” responce by Dr. S. B. Parsons.
“ The Graduating Class of 1880,” response by Dr. C. W. Taylor.
“ Our Lady Graduates,” response by Mrs. Dr. Lee.
“Memories of other days,” response by Dr. J. A. Campbell.
Dr. A. S. Everett, of Denver, filled the responsible position of
Toastmaster with his customary grace and dignity.
Resolutions of respect to the memory of Dr. Solon Grant, a member
of the Alumni, who died in this city recently, were read by Dr.
Richardson.
Spiering’s Orchestra furnished most enjoyable music during the
banquet, which was prolonged far into the morning hours.
The Alumni association held a meeting and elected the following
officers: Dr. A. S. Everett, of Denver, president; Dr. J. H. Moseley,
of Olathe, Kan., first viee-president; Miss E. E. Curtis, M. D., of St.
Louis, second vice-president; Dr. J. Martine Kershaw, of St. Louis,
secretary; Dr. C. L. Carriere, of St. Louis, treasurer; Drs. Richard¬
son, Campbell, Kershaw, Carriere and Uhlemiyer, of St. Louis, execu¬
tive committee.
In the Medical Brief the discovery is promulgated that Alum is the
best cure for lead colic.
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Cases from Practice.
346
Gynecological Department.
CASE FROM PRACTICE.
BY GEO. H. SIMMONS, M. D., LINCOLN, NEB.
I was called to see the following obstetrical case, about twelve
o’clock on the night of February 27th, and thinking it may not only
be of interest to the readers of The Investigator, but that I may
possibly learn something from some of them in regard to it, I send
it for publication. On arriving at the residence I found the woman
suffering from very great tenderness of the abdomen, the pain
increased by pressure. Breathing was short, and was vomiting con¬
tinually. I enquired of the nurse if she had had any pains, and the
anwer was in the affirmative. I gave Ars. 3x for the vomiting, which
stopped it immediately, and she had none afterwards. On making
examination I found the os undilated, or very slightly. Gave Adea
racemosa and waited half an hour, and there being no pain while I
was there, and on second examination, finding the 03 still undilated,
concluded the pains were “ false.” Ordered hot cloths applied to the
abdomen and left. Was called next morning about nine o’clock.
Found the os but slightly dilated, no pains, the tenderness slightly
improved. The pulse at both these visits was rapid but weak ; the
temperature at first visit 105°, at the second 104°. Returned to see
the woman at one o’clock, and found the os slightly dilated, and
some pain. I made an examination at my morning visit, and thought
it was a breech presentation, but at the afternoon visit found the
child in the second position vertex presentation. At four o’clock the
woman was sately delivered of a still-born male child, weight about
nine pounds. The child had apparently been dead at least forty-eight
hours. The labor was easy, no forceps used and everything seemed
to be promising. Placenta came away in forty minutes. I was called
early next morning, and found that same abdominal tenderness, and
the abdomen greatly enlarged. Pulse was about 140 but feeble ; tem¬
perature down to 100°. No urine had been passed for twenty-four
hours, and but little came away on application of the catheter, and
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246
Labor at the Close of the Ninth Month. [March 15,
that little was very high colored and hot. Made one visit again at
one o’clock and at six o’clock. The pulse was. becoming more feeble
each time and the temperature lower. The patient complained of
internal burning, and called for water often. She died at eight o’clock
that evening, and was conscious up to her death.
This is the history of the case after I took it. Seven years ago the
woman had a miscarriage of a seven months child, and came near
dying at that time, but from what cause I did not learn. Before I
took the case she had been under Allopathic treatment and had been
confined to her bed about two weeks. This is all that I could learn
of the case. I want to know the cause of her death. I diagnosed it
sepUc peritonitis. Was I right? I would like to have Prof. Ludlam
answer this question, either yes or no, if no more.
CAUSE OF THE OCCURRENCE OF LABOR AT THE
CLOSE OF THE NINTH MONTH OF
UTERO-GESTATIO N.
Prof. Alex. R. Simpson, in his introductory lecture {Edinburgh Med.
Journal , Dec. 1870), gives the following explanation of this: “ Since
the true nature of the decidual membrane came to be fairly under¬
stood, it was natural to seek in the changes which it undergoes for an
explanation of the cause of the occurrence of labor at the close of the
ninth month of utero-gestation. The search has not been fruitless.
For it has been found that, in the natural course of development, the
decidual membrane at this period has undergone a degree of fatty
degeneration which has brought it to the last stage of its existence,
when it would either require to be melted down and absorbed, or be
thrown off as a foreign substance. The same change occurs in it at
an earlier date, if through some disease an end be put to the life of
the foetus, and in such a case expulsion of the dead child does not
take place until the time has been given for the degeneration to occur
in the decidua, which leads to its being loosened from the uterine
parietes and reduced to the condition of a foreign body. The observa¬
tion of this phenomenon has led, by a beautiful induction, to the
employment of the simplest, safest, and surest means of bringing on
labor, by imitating the process of nature and producing an artificial
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Retention of Urine .
247
separation of the membrane from the interior of the uterus in those
cases where, to save the life of the child and to lessen the mother’s
risk, it is found needful to induce the labor prematurely.”— Medical
News and Library.
Children's Department
RETENTION OF URINE.
Nervous children who suffer much from flatulence and colic will
sometimes pass no water for more than twelve hours, on account of
which their attendants are thrown into the greatest anxiety. The
patients become very restless, cry fearfully, draw up their lower
extremities against the abdomen and take the breast but little; this
latter enables them to pass a long time without urinating. It is not,
however, a serious accident or disease unless the retention is pro¬
longed beyond six, twelve, or twenty-four hours, then it occasions
concern and alarm.
Treatment .— This affection is easily cured whether it proceed from
spasm or inflammation. The two chief remedies are Aconite and
Hyoscyamus. Hartmann’s management is: At the commencement
of the disorder a bath or injection per rectum of tepid milk is some¬
times sufficient to remove the difficulty. If milk should not be
handy, water may be substituted, taking care to mix a little bran in
the water that is to be used for the bath. While the cliild is in the
bath, the region of the bladder is to be rubbed with the hand in a
circular manner. If no urine should be voided after the lapse A
fifteen minutes, an injection may then be administered, which will
generally procure relief. This simple treatment is sometimes insuffi¬
cient and medicinal agents have to be resorted to. A little warm
linseed oil may be rubbed on the region of the bladder, after which
the parts may be covered with warm flannel. Or a flaxseed poultice
may be applied to the region of the bladder. If the child should be
very restless, if its motions should denote anxiety, if the body should
be very warm, and the dry lips and the thirst should denote internal
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348
|Retention of TJrine.
[March 15,
heat; if the face should be bloated and red, a small dose of Aconite
should at once be given in order to prevent the development of an
impending inflammation which might be attended with dangerous
spasmodic symptoms. In two hours all the danger is generally over,
and no other remedy is required. If convulsions, spasms, coldness
of the extremities should already have set in, it is undoubtedly
proper to give the Aconite , but it should be followed in half an hour
by a minute dose of Ipecacuanha , unless marked improvement should
set in shortly after the exhibition of the Aconite , in which case it may
be allowed to act longer than half an hour, until its action seems to
be exhausted. We may then either repeat the Aconite, or, if spas¬
modic symptoms should develop themselves, exlfibit a dose of Ipecac¬
uanha. [Hyoscyamus has been preferable in our experience at the
Chicago Foundlings’ Home].
It is my custom to avail myself of domestic remedies whenever I
can do so safely and profitably. In this affection I have frequently
used an infusion of the c >mmon parsley (Apium petroselinum) which
is used as a domestic remedy for this trouble in some parts of Ger¬
many. My indication was a frequent pressing on the part of the
child while it cried, as if it would press out something, after which a
few drops of urine were discharged with violent cries, and such a
violent twisting of the legs that the skin would almost be rubbed off
the ankles; for such a condition the parsley acted as a specific. The
same observation applies to the Rosa camna(wild briar, dog’s-rose)
likewise as an infusion, in teaspoonful doses; I have generally found
this remedy to afford much relief.
If the retention should be of* a spasmodic nature and be caused by
the children taking cold in consequence of being left with a wet
diaper on too long, other remedies will have to be given instead of
the former. I can only furnish general indications for the selection
of these remedies, and must leave the carefully individualizing
physician to decide whether one or the other remedy is to be used.
One of the principal remedies in this affection is PulsatiUa 30th
attenuation. It seems to be generally suitable to the inlantile organism
and in this case, responds more particularly to the exciting cause and
to the following conditions: Gentle character, very pale skin, a feel¬
ing of coldness which is characteristic in this disorder, low moaning
or piteous crying, expression of anxiety in the features of the child,
short and oppressed breathing; the heat or even the redness in the
region of the bladder, denoting inflammation, does not counter-indi-
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Retention of Urine.
249
cate this drug; on the contrary, such symptoms belong to the primary
action of Pulsatilla on the organism, and are therefore additional
indications in the present disorder. A good many drugs are capable
of removing inflammatory conditions, although they are not, properly
speaking antiphlogistics. If we would classify drugs in this manner,
the sphere of action of many of our most valuable remedies would
be unnecessarily curtailed, and their usefulness in many cases sacri¬
ficed to a foolish prejudice. But the pathogenesis of Pulsatilla does
contain true inflammatory conditions, especially those of a catarrhal
and rheumatic character, and shows a distinct correspondence to
inflammatory affections of the mucous and synovial membranes,
tendinous and muscular sheaths, etc.
Ischuria being a very fiequent disorder among children, even of a
more advanced age, I will take this opportunity of speaking on the
subject more in detail. In catarrhal ischuria. Dulcamara 15th or 20th
attenuation is an excellent remedy, though it is more suitable to
larger than to small children. Larger children delight in wading
through pools of water and getting their feet wet. By this means
they will contract disease, especially retention of urine with
discharge of a few drops of urine only. Dulcamara will certainly
remove this difficulty, if there be a discharge of mucus from the
urethra, and the urine have a milky appearance and deposit a sedi¬
ment of white mucus. Though a few drops of urine keep discharg¬
ing all the time, the bladder is nevertheless full, the child experiences
a constant but ineffectual urging to urinate, and the moaning and
groaning of the little patient, the pressing on the bladder, and the
frequent drawing up of the legs denote great suffering which the
little patient is unable to define.
Another excellent remedy for catarrhal ischuria is Belladonna ,
although its primary action on the healthy organism does not contain
any very striking indications for the cure of morbid conditions of
the bladder. It has suppression of the urinary secretions, reten¬
tion of urine, with difficult emission of a few drops of urine at a
time ; but that which points more characteristically to Belladonna in
this disease, are the spasms and convulsions which frequently rouse
the child from a restless sleep, or set in on touching the bladder ever
so little ; in this case the spasms are sometimes accompanied by sing¬
ultus, or a violent contortion of the extremities which finally become
perfectly rigid. Ipecacuanha , Ignatia , and especially Byoscgamus
might likewise be serviceable in such cases; but when the above
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250
Retention of Urine.
[March 15
symptoms are partially induced by fright, and the child has a robust
plethoric constitution, with rush of blood to the head, bloated face,
hot and burning body, tormenting thirst, stertorous breathing during
sleep, with frequent starting as if in affright, Belladonna deserves a
preference over all other remedies.
Ischuria may be occasioned by pressure, contusion, by a fall, bruise
or some similar mechanical injury, in which case the sexual organs
become (edematous, the urethra looks red. there is pain in the region
of the neck of the bladder, and the pressing and urging to urinate
disappear when making pressure on the perinseum with the thumb.
This group of symptoms may likewise occur without any apparent
cause, but in either case Arnica 6th or 12th attenuation, will afford
speedy relief.
Rhus, 30th attenuation, may also be found useful when the dark
and almost bloody urine is discharged in drops, and there is some
difficulty of moving the lower limbs *, the disease was caused by a fall
or blow on the sacro-lumbar region. Pulsatilla should likewise be
thought of in such a case.
Some children contract a habit of playing with their private parts.
This is sometimes owing to the presence of worms especially in older
children, but I know positively that in many cases this habit is
taught them by their nurses. Among the many pernicious conse¬
quences of the premature excitement which is occasioned by this
abuse, retention of urine is one of more immediate occurrence. As
a matter of course, the abuse should at once be put a stop to, and
proper treatment be resorted to. If the above mentioned remedies
should prove ineffectual; if the excessive crying of the child during
the passage of a few drops of urine, the swelling of the pubic and
inguinal region, the sensitiveness of the hot scrotum to the touch,
the bloating of the penis should indicate the existence of acute pain;
if the body should be cold, the face pale and the little sufferer should
be tormented by excessive thirst, and yet be unable to swallow drink,
the higher attenuations of Cantharides will prove specifically adapted
to such a condition.
Cannabis is strongly recommended by some practitioners for such a
case. I am unable to say much either for or against this agent.
Difficulty of urinating, and pain with cries while passing a few drops
of urine, seem to be its principal indications in ischuria. The
inflammatory and consensual symptoms are but feebly developed.
In children of six months old, I have seen retention of unne
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Measuring the Lower Extremities
251
induced by brandy, which had been given the child for the purpose
of putting it to sleep. I have been called to prescribe for such cases*
without being acquainted with the exciting cause. There were no
spasmodic symptoms; the affection seemed to be ot a paralytic
nature, with symptoms of sopor; even when wide awake the child
did not seem to possess its usual brightness. The idea that hydro¬
cephalus might be approaching, did not satisfy me entirely, and all I
felt able to do, was to select a remedy in accordance with the symp¬
toms. I gave Opium , 6th attenuation, and rejoiced at the idea of
having cut off such a dangerous malady in its very germ. But in a
few days the same symptoms made their appearance. The child was
pale, stupid, the breathing was stertorous; the child could not be
roused; not even by the frequent retching and vomiting, or by the
periodically recurring-pressing and drawing up of the legs. As soon
as I found out the true cause of the trouble, Nux com., 30th attenua¬
tion, was given with speedy and complete relief. But not only is
ischuria caused by abuse of spirits,but also in other forms of ischuria
or strangury arising from cold, or a derangement of the stomach.
Nux vomica is a specific remedy ; for urinary affections are embraced
in the physiological action of this drug.
The above-named are the principal remedies which should be used
in this malady. In chronic cases, when the trouble recurs after the
least exposure, other remedies have to be given either alone or in
alternation with the foregoing. Such remedies are Sulphur , Sarsapa¬
rilla, Phosphoric acid . Lycopodium , Causticum , Sepia , Nitric arid ,
Plumbum.—From Part VI. Diseases of Infants and Children .
Measuring the Lower Extremities.— Dr. R. O. Cowling, of
Louisville, has adopted the following plan. “ The patient lying on
the floor or a table (a soft mattress will confuse any measurement)
the parallelism of the iliac spines and the proper extension of the
limbs being looked to, a point is taken on the umbilicus, and marked
with ink if necessary. Commencing at this point, the tape is carried
in turn a round the sole of each Joot and back again to the point of
departure. Care being taken to carry the tape around corresponding
portions of each foot, and in the same direction from within outward,
or vice versa on both sides. The difference between the two measure¬
ments thus obtained represents twice the amount of difference exist¬
ing in the length of the limbs.” This is a great advantage when the
difference is very small.— Medical Record.
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2S2
Division of the Optic and Ciliary Nerves. [March 16.
Eye and Ear Department.
DIVISION OF THE OPTIC AND CILIARY NERVES*
The division of the optic and ciliary nerves has lately been devised
by Schoeler, of Berlin, as a substitute for enucleation in sympathetic
ophthalmia. It is done under ansesthesia. An opening being made
in the conjunctiva over the rectus internus or externus, the muscle is
divided at its insertion in the sclerotic. The globe then; being con¬
veniently rotated, a pair of curved scissors is passed through the open¬
ing to the posterior part of the eyeball and the optic and ciliary nerves
severed. The haemorrhage is of course considerable; the blood
escapes into the cellular tissue of the orbit, the globe protrudes, and
there is subsequently severe ecchymosis of the eyelids. Under the
use of cold compresses for some days the blood is, however, absorbed,
and any ciliary irritation or tenderness in the other eye rapidly disap¬
pears,—the media through which the sympathetic irritation passes
being no longer in connection with it. The advantages of this pro¬
cedure over enucleation are chiefly these :
The expense and annoyance of an artificial eye are avoided.
If the., eye, left in its place, is atrophied, it makes an excellent
stump for the support of an artificial one.
In children, the removal of an eye changes the development of its
surroundings, and this operation offers a chance of escaping this dis¬
advantage.
Some patients might consent to this operation who would not to
enucleation, and thus preserve sight.
The outdoor exposure of the empty orbit, in the poorer classes may
be avoided.
The disadvantages are chiefly these :
There is sometimes considerable reaction and pain after the opera¬
tion, and the effusion of blood disappears slowly.
It is sometimes necessary to remove the eye subsequently, in con¬
sequence of the inflammation set up by the operation.
* Prom 44 AngeU on the Bye," fifth edition (supplementary issue) now in press.
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Medical News.
253
The operation may fail from a reunion of the severed ciliary nerves,
and in one instance the optic nerve has reunited.
It is therefore too early to determine the value of this procedure as
a substitute for enucleation. I think the tendency at present is to
adhere to enucleation.
Medical News.
Dr. G. E. Shipman sails for Europe April 7. He expects to visit
the children’s institutions and promises our readers some items of
interest.
Married— Dr. R. L. Hill, of Dubuque, Iowa, to Miss Mary J. Goff
March 12th at the residence of the bride. We wish the parties much
happiness.
Just out:—Another Edition of Volume I. of Diseases of Infants
and Children, is just out. Yol. II. will be ready in about a month
then won’t the editor sing “ Glory Hallelujarum?”
Marsh's Spirometer.— We advise our friends to tear out the adver¬
tisement of Marsh’s Spirometer and hang it in their office. They can
in that way call attention to it and sell a good many. A good dis¬
count to physicians.
New York Ophthalmic Hospital.— Report for the months ending Feb¬
ruary 29,1880: Number of prescriptions, 3.508; number of new
patients. 458; number of patients in the hospital, 16. Average daily
attendance, 146. Largest daily attendance. 210.
Chas. Deady, M. D., Resident Surgeon.
Lh\ J. H. Buffum , late resident surgeon of the New York Ophthal¬
mic Hospital having been elected to tne chair of Ophthalmology and
Otology in the Chicago Homoeopathic Medical College has succeeded to
the practice of the late Professor W. H. Woodyatt. Practice exclu¬
sively Eye and Ear. 90 East Washington St. Chicago.
Dr. T. C. Duncan will give, in Chicago, a third private course often
lectures to physicians on the Diseaseslof Children commencing. April
8th. This course will bear particularly on the differential diagnosis
of the diseases of infants and children, of the foods and of the reme¬
dies. These lectures will be abundantly illustrated by Clinical Cases,
specimens, and post mortem demonstrations. This will be an excel¬
lent opportunity for physicians to post themselves preparatory to the
summer campaign.
Dr. Woodyatt's provision for his family is a matter of interest.
When young and healthy he wisely insured for $6,000 in our Homoe¬
opathic Mutual Life Insurance Company. The following to Agent
Dr. Miller here tells its own good story: “ I wish to thank the Com¬
pany which you represent for the immediate payment of the insur*
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254
Medical News.
[March 15,
ance held by my late husband. Dr. W. H. Woodyatt, the full sum,
$5,000* cash having been received three weeks after his death, and
within one week from the mailing of the necessary “ proofs.
Respectfully yours, Clara L. Woodyatt.”
Institute Meeting at Milwaukee.— I have secured special railroad
rates on all roads leading into this city for physicians and their fami¬
lies, viz., the Northwestern, Milwaukee & St. Paul. Wisconsin Cen¬
tral, Lake Shore and Western. I get one fair and a fifth upon the
certificate of the general secretary. Full fare coming and one-fifth
fare returning. Arrangements are made with the proprietor of the
Newhall at $2.50 per day, also he tenders a banquet to all guests that
stop there. All other arrangements are in process of completion and
will be reported promptly. Meeting to convene June 15, and continue
four days, so Dr. Burgher writes me.
Yours sincerely, C. C. Olmstead, Ch’n Com. Arrangements.
Health Notes from Bowlins, Wyoming Ter. —I was forced to leave
Oregon and am up in the mountains of Wyoming. My wife is improv¬
ing rapidly. Little if any asthma, less cough and sputa than for
years, and gaining in appetite and adipose. There are numerous
living witnesses here, daily giving in their testimony to the virtue of
Wyoming climate as a cure for asthma and phthisis.' No question of
doubt, climate is the only sure remedy for the above diseases, and
Wyoming is ahead of her sister Colorado in manv points. Not so
hot in summer is one decided advantage. Warm climates not good
for lung troubles, too enervating and enfeebling. This is the future
great sanitarium of the world. This possesses all the advantages of
Minnesota, and none of its disadvantages. This is the dryest climate
in the world, an evidence to my mind that the bacteria theory won’t
pan out in diphtheria, for it is here and as prevalent as in Illinois. If
you desire, I can give your readers some desirable information about
this country. Yours truly. Geo. B. Sarchet.
[Our readers will be pleased to hear from the doctor.]
The Western Academy of Homoeopathy — Members will lose no time
in preparing their papers for the meeting of 1880 at Minneapolis in
June, and forwarding them to the chairmen of the various bureaux
in order that they may make their reports early to the general secre¬
tary. This session bids fair to be one of the most profitable afid
pleasant yet held. Extra efforts are being made in that direction.
The Association is now on a permanent basis and a future volume of
transactions will give evidence of the real work done. Bureau
statistics, registration, legislation, and education, chairman, R. L.
Hill, M. D., Dubuque, Iowa; bureau sanitary science, climatology,
and hygiene, chairman, B. Bell Andrews, M. D., Astoria, III; bureau
obstetrics, chairman, J. W. Hartshorne, M. D., Cincinnati, Ohio;
bureau clinical medicine, chairman. R. F. Baker, M. D., Davenport,
Iowa; bureau provings, chairman. D. T. Abell. M. D., Sedalia, Mo.;
bureau psychological medicine, anatomy and physiology, chairman,
H. B. Fellows, M. D., Chicago. Ill.; bureau pharmacy, chairman, L.
Sherman, M. D., Milwaukee, Wis.; bureau materia medica, chair¬
man, A. Uhlemeyer, M. D., St. Louis, Mo.; bureau gynaecology, chair¬
man, E. A. Guilbert, M, D., Dubuque, Iowa; bureau paedology,
chairman, W. A. Edmonds, M. D., St. Louis, Mo.; bureau ophthal¬
mology and otology, chairman, J. A. Campbell, M. D., St. Louis, Mo.,
bureau surgery, A. E. Higbee, M. D. Minneapolis, Minn. Applica¬
tions for membership and letters of inquiry can be addressed to the
General Secretary, C. H. Goodman, M. D.,
2,619 Pine St., St. Louis, Mo.
* * $1,000 more for the benefit of a sister.
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THE
UNITED STATES
Medical Investigator
A SEMIMONTHLY JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE.
New Series. Vol. XI., N.). T.-AI'lUL i, 1880.— Whole No. 259.
TO TiiA’ BIRTHDAY OF HAHNEMANN.
April 10, 1880.
Composed in German by Dr. R. J. M., translated by Dr. E. G. H. M.
Do you remember, when, in infant trials.
The sick bed was your lot for weeks and months ?
When pills and bottles, and a host of vials
Surrounded you, with compounds and crude drugs.
Your flourishing youth lost many hours of comfort.
Until a New School rose by Hahnemann ;
Compounds were banished, then, which caused discomfort.
Do you give thanks, do you remember him ?
Do you remember, when, on the lancet's bleeding,
Y our health and safety was supposed to rest V
When cups and leeches sucked without ceasing.
Your blood, so precious, from your veins and chest.
The master rose, who calmed the heat of fever
With Monk’s hood leaves, which acted like a charm ;
And thus the murd’rous bleeding ceased forever —
Mind well that healing art which does no harm !
Do you remember, when with calming pellets.
All furious ills he bravely fought away V
When he with eagerness experimented
That never failing cure, similia f ”
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256
Enuresis Nocturna. Incontinence o Urine .
[April
We do remember him, we praise him highly,
And render thanks to God for what he’s done.
Have others cast him out, we follow closely,
The teachings of our Master, Hahnemann .
Children’s Department
INFANTILE DIABETES INSIP1DES.
Diabetes insipides is a common symptom in children who take large
quantities of liquid, especially starchy food. Infants “ raised on the
bottle ” are especially liaole to profuse urination. Sometimes there
is an inflammation or irritation of the urinary organs that gives rise to
this annoying symptom. In some cases of spinal irritation profuse
urinati >n is the only objective symptom that will attract attention
specially if it occurs chiefly at night. Children who nurse or feed
freely at uight are apt to pass larger quantities of urine than those
limited to food during the day. As glucose is readily absorbed, this
may be found in the urine where starchy food is largely eaten. If the
food is salted too much it will cause frequent and profuse urination.
The treatment for this form of diabetes is both dietetic and remed¬
ial. If the child partakes largely of starchy food more milk, and
occasionally beef tea or soup, should be added to the food. The
quantity taken at night should be limited. If the food is given very
salty, the quantity of this should be lessened. The remedies given
under Bulimia, Enuresis, Spinal irritation, Indigestion, etc., should
be consulted. See Foods.— From Part VI. Infants and Children.
ENURESIS NOC1VRNA. INCONTINENCE OF URINE.
This may be only a symptom, or it may constitute an independent
disease. In the former case it is seen in children who are idiotic or
of deficient intellect, in the course of diseases of the brain and blad¬
der, and also in other serious affections; if the latter, the inconti¬
nence only occurs during the night, usually the bladder is emptied
only once, and that during the first three hours of sleep. It occurs
much more frequently in boys than in girls and may hist up to the
twelfth year of life — exceptionally even till the appearance of
puberty.
Etiology— The cause would seem to exist in deficient sensibility of
the nerves of the bladder, which is such that the irritation of the
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JQauresia Noctuma. Incontinence of Urine .
267
distension of the bladder is sufficient to excite the motor apparatus
but not to produce consciousness, and this occurs the more if the
sleep be very deep. This anaesthesia is sometimes the expression o
general debility, so that very generally, though not invariably the
enuresis is found in scrofulous and rickety children; or it may be
local, and the indication of some weakness of the bladder.
Indolent ulcers may form on the nates and lower extremities as the
result of urinous excoriations.
Treatment— As is the case with many other diseases of children, so
likewise this weakness; it seems to spring from a psoric, herpetic, or
scrofulous diathesis. Most children affected with this infirmity, have
a weakly constitution; they look pale, sickly, with blue margins
around the eyes, and other symptoms like those denoting the pres¬
ence of worms, which frequently give rise to this disorder. Since a
scanty, unwholesome diet favors the development of such a weak¬
ness, this explains its more frequent occurrence among the children
of the poorer classes when of a more advanced age, whereas among
the wealthier classes children of from three to six years are more
frequently affected by it. The following dietetic rules are indispensa¬
ble to a cure: Not much drink in the evening, no beer, tea, a mod¬
erate supper; children should sleep on horse-hair mattrasses, instead
of feather beds; the body should be washed with cold water every
morning, and then properly dried and rubbed off. The use of cold
water will diminish the excessive irritability of the sphincter vesic®,
and will enable the patient to retain the urine for the purpose of
accustoming the sphincter to a more vigorous resistance, and the
bladder to increased dilatation. The child should likewise be taken
up in the evening after a few hours sleep, and if it lie on the back, it
should be turned over on the side. As regards the treatment, Sulphur
30th attenuation, will be found to answer in most cases, giving at first
a dose every other day; after the lapse of eight days, one every four
days, gradually lengthening the intervals. If Sulphur should not
cure the trouble, we shall have to examine the case very carefully in
order to find some characteristic symptom for the selection of
another medicinal agent. This will sometimes be found to be some
out of the way symptom which had eseaped our attention. Pulsatilla
is suitable to children having slender frames, with blonde hair and a
mild disposition; it seems to be more suitable to girls than boys
Sepia 30 may likewise be considered under such circumstances, and
together with Pulsatilla , is moreover indicated by an excessive secre-
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258
Enuresis Nocturna. Incontinence of Urine. [April 1,
tioii of mucus from the pudendum. Graphites 30 may be useful when
Sulphur has proved ineffectual, especially when some cutaneous
eruption for which Graphites is indicated, is present. The same
remarks apply to Garbo reg ., Dulcamara , and Mercurius. Other reme¬
dies are Causticum , Natrum muriaticum, Belladonna , Cina, Conium ,
Hepar sulphuris, etc., to the pathogeneses of which the physician is
here referred. (Hartmann.)
Argentum met.— Too profuse flow of pale urine, especially during the
night.
Belladonna— Starting, restless sleep; moaning and screaming dur¬
ing sleep : glandular enlargements; involuntary micturition at night.
Calcarea carb.— Fat, flabby children, with red face, who sweat easily
and catch cold easily; frequent urination at night.
Causticum— Children with black hair and eyes, who pass urine
during their first sleep.
Cina — Frequent urging, with copious urination, all day, restless*
sleep all night.
Equisetum hyem— Enuresis by day or night; it acts well, when it
remains a mere habit, after the primary cause has been removed.
Kreosote.— Frequent urging to urinate, with copious pale discharge ;
wets the bed at night, wakes with urging from deep sleep, but can not
retain the urine; worse when lying down; better when walking or
standing. Teeth decay early.
Mercurius.— In children who perspire profusely, and whose urine is
high-colored, hot, acrid, sour-smelling, with sudden irresistible desire
to urinate.
Pttroleum.— Weakness of neck of bladder, urine drops out after
urination ; involuntary micturition at night in bed ; chronic blennor-
rhcea.
Plantago — Unusually free and profuse discharge of urine; noc¬
turnal copious enuresis, particularly when depending upon laxity
of the sphincter vesicae.
Selenium— Involuntary urination when walking; dripping after
stool or micturition.
Sepia.— Child wets the bed almost as soon as it goes to sleep, always
during first sleep; urging to urinate from pressure on the bladder;
frequent micturiton at night.
Silicea.— Involuntary micturition at night, especially in children
suffering from worms or chorea; weakness in urinary organs, con¬
stant desire to urinate.
Sulphur.— For pale, lean children, with large abdomen, who love
sugar and highly-seasoned food, and abhor to be washed ; micturition
copious after midnight.
Thuja— Involuntary urination at night, and when coughing; urin¬
ation frequent and copious.
Consult also remedies for disorders of the digestive apparatus and
nervous system. See Disease s of the Brain and Nervous System, by
J. M. Kershaw, M. D.-J6<d,
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1880.J
Lobular Pneumr/nia and Capillary Bronchitis.
259
LOBULAR PNEUMONIA ANv CAPILLARY BRONCHITIS
The variety of pneumon ia to which children under six years of age
are liable, is the lobular; after the sixth year the lobar or common
variety is most frequent. We have to deal to-night with lobular pneu-
m ^nia. This is an inflammation of the spongy texture of the lungs,
but instead of attacking one or more lobes, as in the common variety,
it is usually confined to single lobules scattered irregularly through
the lungs. These lobules are surrounded and isolated by healthy
lung tissue, though it very frequently happens that a number of lob¬
ules in close opposition are attacked, thus giving at one point quite a
large mass of diseased structure; but a typical case would present
each inflamed lobule hemmed in by a wall of healthy lung. Both
lungs are equally liable to be attacked, and the disease, when present
is usually found pretty well distributed over both lungs. The greater
number of these inflamed masses are found in the posterior part of
the lungs; this part being the most dependent, especially in the
infant, may account for the fact. The anatomical characteristics of
lobular pneumonia do not differ from those found in lobar pneumo¬
nia save that the inflamed lobules are not aggravated; that portions
of both lungs are usually attacked, and that a pleuritic complication
is less frequent. The disease runs through the three stages, inflam¬
mation, red and gray hepatization, if not checked in its course, in
precisely the same way that it does in the adult. This subject was so
well ventillated four weeks ago that we need not recur to it to-night.
The diagnosis of pure lobular pneumonia is usually not an easy task,
occurring at an age when subjective symptoms can not be made avail¬
able, we have to depend almost entirely upon objective ones, and
even these are often perplexingly deficient. It is seldom that one is
enabled to examine the sputa, and the cries and struggles of the
child frequently make auscultation and percussion very unsatisfac¬
tory. Then, too, the disease is often secondary and the symptoms are
masked and rendered obscure by the remnants ot measles, scarlatina,
hooping cough or some other primary affection. As soon as the local
inflammation is decided enough to bring the constitution into sym¬
pathy, the most prominent symptoms are fever, cough, hurried res¬
piration and pain. The fever is usually high, the pulse seldom
giving less than 120, and sometimes as many as 180 beats per minute;
the cough is at first short, dry and hacking; the number of respira*
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Lobular Pneumonia and Capillary Bronchitis . [April 1
tions per minute is often very great, 100 having been observed in
extreme cases, and they seldom fall below forty; the pain is probably
not acute but more of a sore, oppressive character. The child is usu¬
ally restless, the face is flushed and the temperature of the body is
considerably elevated. As the disease progresses the cough becomes
a little more loose, though it is never the loose, paroxysmal cough of
bronchitis, and we may sometimes be so fortunate as to see the sputa.
These, however, when seen are not so diagnostic as in the lobar
variety of the disease for in many cases they resemble those of bron¬
chial catarrh. The signs elicited by percussion and auscultation, are
in the early stages of the disease, vague and unsatisfactory; later
they may become more important. We are sometimes able to detect
some degree of dullness in circumscribed patches over the posterior
part of the lungs. But this mode of gaining information is often of
little avail for both sides of the lungs are usually similarly affected,
and we consequently lose our standard of comparison. Again, only
doctors and mothers know how hard it is to percuss even the posterior
aspect ot a sick baby. The ausculatory signs are not marked. We
seldom or never hear the crepitant rale, (or small bubling sound)
which is said to be heard during the whole course of the disease, over
some part of the lung. When speaking of capillary bronchitis, I shall
take exception to this statement. As the disease advances from bad
to worse, the symptoms change correspondingly, the cough, voice
and cries grow more feeble, the respiration becomes irregular, the
pulse small and weak, the extremities cold, the face pale or bluish,
and the patient dies; sometimes in a comatose condition, but more
frequently in convulsions. The prognosis, though sometimes unfavor¬
able is not often so in uncomplicated cases. It is a much less for¬
midable disease to contend with than is the one of which we are
about to speak.
CAriLLARY BRONCHITIS.
Capillary bronchitis — the peri*pneumonia notha, or suffocative
Catarrh of the older authors, is essentially an inflammation of the
lining membrane of the minute ramifications of the bronchial tubes.
The disease is limited to the two extremes of life, infancy and old
age. It may commence in either of three ways. First, it may be
added to a common bronchitis by the extension of the inflammation
from the larger tubes. Second, it may be added to pneumonia (either
lobular or lobar) by the extension of the inflammation from the lung
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Lobular Pneumonia and Capillary Bronchitis,
261
tissue and air cells. Third, the disease may be lighted up in the cap¬
illary air tubes themselves. Either of the first two is probably more
frequent than the third. The affection though not limited to any
particular portion of the lungs, is most marked in the lower and pos¬
terior parts. The anatomical characteristics, though somewhat mod¬
ified by location, are those peculiar to bronchitis in general, the
membrane is reddened, congested, swollen, and somewhat softened;
and a tough, viscid mucus is exuded which blocks up the minute air
passages more or less completely. The symptoms are such as we
would expect from a mechanical obstruction to the entrance of air
into their cells. We have accelerated pulse, rapid respiration, a pale
or livid hue of the lips and cheeks, an anxious expression of counte¬
nance. restlessness, dyspncea and cough. The skin is usually not
warmer than natural, for there is seldom any fever connected with an
uncomplicated case of the disejise. The type of the disease is depres¬
sion; the improperly aerated blood has a baneful influence upon the
nervous centres, and there is a constant tendency towards paralysis
of the pneurao-gastrics.
If the disease is to have a fatal termination, the mucous membrane
and skin become more and more cyanotic (though sometimes instead
of this bluish cast, the skin becomes perfectly white and wax like) the
sputa cease and the patient dies suffocated, but usually without the
painfully spasmodic action that so often accompanies a purely
mechanical closure of the air passages. The physical signs, are such
as we would expect to find, percussion gives no dullness or other
abnormal sound (it is therefore but a negative means of diagnosis.)
Auscultation gives the high fetched, whistling sound which is peculiar
to these min ite air tubes in a certain stage of inflammation. Some¬
times accompanying these whistling sounds but more frequently fol¬
lowing them we find the sounds that are to my mind the real diagnos¬
tic signs of the disease, the sub-crepitant rales. In speaking of
lobular pneumonia it was said that the most characteristic sign of
that disease was this subcrepitant rale. I said this not because I
believed it, but because every author to whom I had access asserted it.
I am convinced that in pure lobular pneumonia the sound we
should hear is the crepitant rale, and not sub crepitation which is
peculiar to inflammatory conditions of the small air tubes. I appre¬
hend that the reason why we do not hear crepitation, and why we do
hear sub-crepitation, is that we very seldom meet with a case in
which the inflammation is confined to the air cells, and the paren-
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262 Lobular Pneumonia and Capillary Bronchitis . [April 1,
ckymatous structure of the lobules; but that in a vast majority of
instances, the capillary tubes are implicated, and the moist bubbling
sounds so mask the liner crepitation as to make it unrecognizable.
I believe there may be such diseases as lobular pneumonia uncom¬
plicated by capillary bronchitis, and capillary bronchitis without
implicating the parenchyma of a single lobule, and these are the dis¬
eases I have tried to describe, but they must be extremely rare.
Every conceivable variety between these extremes is more common
than either extreme, and it is often very difficult to say under which
nomenclature a given case should be classed. In cases where there
is severe fever, very rapid breathing, and where the rales are not
heard pretty generally over the chest, but only circumscribed patches,
we may suspect that the pneumonic tendency predominates. While
in those cases in which there is little febrile action, greater tendency
toward depression, defective aeration of the blood, and consequently
threatened paralysis of the lungs, a somewhat paroxysmal cough,
sub-crepitation heard over nearly the whole surface of the lungs, and
some external symptoms of catarrh, we may feel quite safe in calling
the disease bronchial.
The prognosis in capillary bronchitis is always grave, very fre¬
quently unfavorable, but under the administration of carefully
selected remedies even those cases which appear most desperate
often recover. A scrofulous tendency increases the danger a hundred
per cent.
In the treatment of these diseases, I have not had a very extended
experience, having seen no more than ten or twelve cases in all. In
treating these cases I have used chiefly Aconite, Bryonia , Phos. and
Tart . em. I have used Lycopodium and Sulphur once or twice. In
the early stages of these diseases (and especially when the pneumonic
tendency predominates) Aconite will probably be found indicated
oftener than any other single remedy. Special symptoms are marked
fever, pulse and respiration rapid, and constant restlessness. This rest¬
lessness is to my mind the most characteristic indication for the
remedy. It is the restlessness of arterial excitement, and should be*
carefully discriminated from that which usually accompanies dys-
noea independent of febrile action. In the latter case some other
remedy would be very likely to be found more useful.
Bryonia is indicated in those cases where there is fever, cough and
pain, the pain is shown by the crying of the child after each attempt
to cough and by a seeming inability to nurse. But this group of
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1880. J
Lobular Pneumonia and Capillary Bronchitis .
263
symptoms alone would indicate Aconite as often as Bryonia; how
then shall we discriminate between the two? If the child is restless
and wishes to be moved about, or if it tosses about in bed, Aconite is
the remedy; but if it lies very quietly and does not wish to move or
to be moved. Bryonia will be found more useful, especially so if
there are occasional symptoms of chills.
Phosphorus has a well marked affinity for the lung tissue. In large
doses it causes engorgement which sometimes almost amounts to
hepatization. This points to its usefulness in the various stages of
pneumonic inflammation. Special indications are short, hacking,
distressing cough, either dry or with a thin frothy expectoration or
sputa composed of sanguinolent mucus or pus. There is a sensation
of oppression about the chest, and a full inspiration causes a feeling
of soreness and uneasiness. Low, typhoid symptoms appearing in
the course of the disease, would furnish still other indications for the
use of Phosphorus.
I can find no satisfactory evidence that Tart, emet when introduced
into the system in any of the usual ways, will cause inflammation in
any part of the lung tissue. The contrary opinion was held, by Mage-
nain and others, but on insufficient evidence. The drug frequently
acts as an irritant poison, but the irritation seems confined to the ali¬
mentary canal even when introduced hypodermically. But there is
another action of Tart, emet . which is of more importance to us in the
treatment of these diseases; and that is its narcotic, sedative or
depressing influence upon the nervous system, and especially upon
the pneumo-gastric nerves and ganglionic centres. From large doses
this depression may be so great as to constitute a semi-paralytic con¬
dition of the nerves upon which the movements of the heart and
lungs depend, and this, too, without causing enuresis, catharsis or
any other of irritant effects. Now, when in the course of a disease,
this condition is threatening (no matter from what cause), we have at
least one indication for the use of Tart. emet. The symptoms indica¬
tive of this condition are just those which we find in the advanced
stages of capillary bronchitis. The face is pale or livid, the lips pur¬
ple, the extremities cold, the circulation very feeble, respiration irreg¬
ular and interrupted, and the patient is on the point of suffocation.
In cases of this kind Tart. emet. will work wonders. “ I speak that I
do know,” for I have seen it open out these clogged air cells in a
most surprising manner. In acute inflammatory conditions of the
lungs, I believe that it is, to say the least, a waste of time to use the
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264
Infantile Therapeutics.
[April 1,
remedy, for we have others that are more specifically indicated, both
by the pathology and the symptomatology of the cases. But I do not
believe that we have any other remedy that will so often cover the
ensemble of symptoms and pathological conditions as it appears in
the later stages of capillary bronchitis. I have used the 3d tritura¬
tion of Tart . emet., but think I should use the 30th or 200th with just
as much confidence. F. A. L.
INFANTILE THERAPEUTICS.
BY T. C. DUNCAN, M. D., CHICAGO.
Read before the Joint Convention of the Western Academy and Ohio State
Homoeopathic Medical Society in Cincinnati, May, 1878.
The mass of the symptoms of the materia medica are subjective —
a few are objective. This accords with our method of diagnosis in
adults, that op ens with the question “ how do you feel V” We do not
realize how little we know u by sight,” objectively, till we stand
before an unconscious person or have a very sick infant to treat. I
presume all have felt, as has the writer, that they would give a good
deal to know our remedies by sight better. We all realize the
suspicion we place upon feelings. Although "feeling” is the first
wide-awake sense, still we depend on seeing as being far more
reliable.
In infantile therapeutics we deal almost exclusively with subjective
phenomena, for that reason many physicians find the treatment of
children so difficult. Nearly all our knowledge of other sciences is
gleaned by observation, or the observation of others and why that of
materia medica should be so largely subjective, or confined to the
sphere of the sensations, I am at a loss to determine, except it be for
the fact that in the long ago, feelings was the starting point of
reasoning. But in our day, inductive reasoning has, in a measure,
superceded deductive thought.
Be that as it may, the fact remains that we need more objective
knowledge of children, their diseases and their treatment, before we
shall better diagnose the disease, the food and the remedy. Children
are frequently dosed when they should be fed properly and more fre-
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Infantile Therapeutics.
266
quent; still should be treated when they are now stuffed. Infant
feeding is a wide deld — one into which we will not now enter.
Infantile therapeutics is one of the most important parts of medi¬
cine. Speaking of diseases of children, the venerajble Hufeland
remarked : “ This is a very important part of the practice of medi¬
cine, for one-third of all diseases belong to the age of infancy, and
they constitute a particular branch of the healing art, that requires a
special study. One may be a very good physician for adults, but a
very unsuccessful one in the treatment of children; for the differ¬
ence does not lie in a diminution of the strength of the doses, hut in
a different semiology, a modified pathology, requiring corresponding
therapeutics.” If this was true as regards Allopathic therapeutics of
infantile diseases, how much more true when we attempt to select
the simillimum for each case.
Never did I appreciate the force of this as I did some years ago,
when I took the medical care of the Chicago Foundlings’ Home with
fifty infants. I had prided myself on diagnostic acumen, but there I
soon learned that the art of diagnosis depends largely on the patient’s
history of his case and his present feelings. With no historic land¬
marks and no expression of feeling, I found myself considerably at
sea in making out the disease. When it came to selecting the remedy
I confess it was largely guess work. I set about studying children
and classifying them, and also looking up the objective symptoms of
their diseases and especially the observed symptoms of our remedies.
I have made a little headway in analyzing children, classifying their
diet and gathering some valuable therapeutic hints and indications.
Bearing in mind that therapeutics is a distinct science and no more
related to materia medica than pathology is to physiology, I have not
expected too much from pure symptomatology. One of the great
needs of the times is works on therapeutics proper of the various
diseases, incident to men, women and children.
Much of the therapeutics of infancy is clinical, i. e., developed by
practical observations, and these are found scattered through our
journals and domestic works chiefly, c. < 7 ., Gels . is put down as espe¬
cially adapted to little children — infants.
Belladonna.— Suitable for precocious children with blue eyes.
Cocculus, especially suited to nervous children of lively turn of mind
troubled with imaginary fears.
Sulphur— Child dislikes to be washed and bathed.
Calcarea.— Children self-willed and inclined to grow fat.
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266 Rest in Nervous Diseases. [April 1.
Silicea.— Especially adapted to rickety children, of sanguine
lymphatic temperament.
Mag. mur.— Slow dentition, with large, distended abdomen.
Iodine.-- Adapted to children with dark hair and eyes and dark
skin.
Bromine.— Adapted to light hair, blue eyes, and light skin.
Baryta carb — Scrofulous children that do not grow.
Staphysagria.— Pot-bellied children with much colic, and troubled
with worms.
Pulsatilla.— Enuresis, particularly little girls.
Kreosote.— The teeth decay as soon as they appear.
Phos. add.—Adapted to children that grow too fast.
Nux vom.— PoT children raised artificially. Cries after eating with
belching of wind.
Plumbum.— Enuresis with spinal irritation.
Neurological Department.
REST IN NERVOUS DISEASES.
BY N. A.. PENNOYER, M. D., KENOSHA, WIS.
Read before the Joint Convention of the Western Academy of Homoeopathy and
Missouri Institute of Homoeopathy, held in St. Louis, May 7,8, and 9,1879.
In the treatment of chronic diseases and with acute diseases we find
a great difference in their response to medication, and we are often at
a loss to account for the seeming slowness in progress with one
patient while another equally affected soon recovers. This difference
comes too often with a class of patients that we are most anxious to
show the benefits of our particular practice; and the tendency of the
laity and even the profession many times is to regard the fault as one of
the practitioner. For example, a well-to-do merchant is taken w ith
sciatica after an exposure to cold or dampness. The case apparently is
not a serious one, the pain while severe is not unbearable, the general
disturbance of the system is slight, temperature and pulse not high, per¬
haps symptoms of coldness prevail, am. the case after a few days pro¬
gresses favorably with a speedy promise of a full recovery. The
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Nest in Nervous Diseases.
267
progress, however, comes tn a stand-still and the patient goes about
suffering considerable inconvenience with a lingering dull pain which
stays. Remedies fail to make any impression and the patient drifts
around trying one thing and then another with no appreciable benefit.
The next case is a German mechanic or workman similarly taken
at first, hut he perhaps has more fever, his pain is keener, the sensi¬
tiveness more acute. In two or three days or at most a week, he
convalesces and is about his work, well.
In the first case we have an element besides the exciting cause. A
man full of cares and business transactions, who never leaves them,
and is always under a strain, how to increase his sales, how to over¬
come this obstacle or that, striving to over-reach his competitors in
£Be race for gain or reputation; the other takes the world as it
comes, works hard ten or twelve hours a day and then puts all aside
to enjoy the little comforts it may be his fortune to possess.
It is easy to see that this element is a nervous one. The nervous sys¬
tem has been under a tension which has been gradually and insiduously
gaining in intensity until a slight chili or a strain calls him to an
account. After going through the routine of the different schools of
medicine, the use of electricity, baths, etc., the case still drags and a
cure is not perfected.
It is here that iest is suggested as a means of cure or as laying a
foundation for remedial agents to work upon. We know well enough
that a person under the influence of any drug cannot be cured of
its effects until the poison is taken away; neither can a disease be
cured until the proper conditions of the nervous and physical systems
be insured. If the forces have been exhausted the powers of reaction
are in direct proportion diminished.
With the subject at hand it is intended to consider only the func¬
tional diseases of the nervous system that result from overwork of
body or brain, excitement, the excesses of social life,— as late hours,
fashionable calling, etc., that cause various forms of nervousness,—
such as hysteria, hypochondria, cerebral and spinal hypersemia and an¬
emia and the functional diseases of the pelvic and abdominal viscera.
Rest is defined as cessation of motion or action of any kind and
applicable to any body or being, as rest from labor, rest from mental
exertion, rest of body, or mind. A body is at rest when it ceases
to move. The mind is at rest when it ceases to be disturbed or
agitated. So that we shall speak of physical rest and mental rest.
Under the head of physical rest we include both the muscular and
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Rest in Nervous Diseases.
[April 1
nervous systems. In walking or using the arms, both the muscles
which contract and the nerves which stimulate the action lose in
power. A supply of nutriment or food combined with the life-giving
force sustains an equilibrium.
To a certain point exercise increases the supply of blood and con¬
sequent nutrition of the muscles, but with the class of patients we
have under consideration, we lind that exercise too often lessens the
supply of blood. For instance, on the principle that exercise will
warm the extremities, a walk is directed for those suffering with cold
feet or legs, and the result will be contrary to our expectations. Trac¬
ing the difficulty to the nerve centres, we find that the exertion causes
an excitement of the vaso-motor nerves, which stimulates contrac¬
tion and consequent diminished calibre of the bloodvessels —cutting
off their supply of blood —and coldness follows.
The remedy lies not in continued or increased exercise but in rest.
Dr. Badcliff, in bis lectures on cerebral exhaustion, speaks of the
danger of hemiplegia by walking exercise when rest should have
been observed with persons with jaded brains. That coldness of the
extremities from the exertion, and consequent increased hyperemia
of the brain followed, thus causing the lesion and paralysis, we may
reasonably infer. That irritation of the vaso-motor nerves in the
lumbar and sacral regions will produce cerebral hyperemia; and that
its removal by the inhibitory influence of the spinal ice-bag, as
directed by Dr. Chapman, will relieve the brain in hyperemic condi¬
tions, we have many times observed.
With persons suffering from nervous diseases, or those whose
vitality is lowered or impaired, daily exercise in the open air, as
riding or walking, with plenty of light and sunshine, is recom¬
mended. A patient who would give up and take to her bed would be
urged to make an exertion and keep up at the imminent peril of
being bedridden. It is only within a few years that rest in bed with
perfect quiet has been enjoined, and even this has been adopted with
the use of a considerable degree of passive exereise, manipulations
and electricity, so as to avoid the danger of waste from non-use of
the muscles. This with many cases is a most excellent treatment, as
Dr. Weir Mitchell’s experience has proven, but can not be used with
quite a number of patients—those in exceedingly sensitive and
nervous conditions —not at least until the excitement and tension
are relieved. Exercise, however slight in such cases, frequently
increases the nervousness and excitability. That perfect quiet in
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209
bed, excepting tbe changing of position a person will naturally take,
with no manipulations or earerctae, except it be by the rubbing of an
attendant after a sponge bath, can be continued for months with a
gain in flesh instead of waste, with the restoration of an equilibrium
of the nervous system, the writer has many times verified. The
tendency of nervous patients is to take too much exercise; to con¬
stantly change position, to get up and lie down, to do out of the way
things and keep in almost perpetual motion. When a patient feels
that she can not keep still, or that it is impossible to lie in bed, it is a
sure indication that she ought to be there. As the nervousness ia
controlled and quiet is assured, the best evidence that more exercise
is needed, is that they do not wish to move. As the difference
regarding the appetite, and its indulgence between acute and chronic
diseases, is that in t^e former it can usually be indulged, with the
latter it should in most cases be guarded, so with exercise and the
insistance of quiet, opposites are indicated. This of course is inde¬
pendent of what the patient may be educated to believe is best.
Rest means something more than cessation from labor. Many per¬
sons will dress early in the morning and remain up and about their
rooms, sitting in easy chairs most of the day, attending to little
duties, or do fancy work, with the belief that the object is attained;
but if the circulation is poor in the extremities with coldness, and a
tendency to numbness or hyperesthesia exists, with w eak or aching
backs, this will not do. The muscles of the back and body are
used to retain the sitting posture which require relief. Take
the strain from every muscle, pour as much nourishment into the
system as can possibly be assimilated, and the nerves that are
excited or exhausted will regain their equilibrium, the bloodvessels
become full of rich blood and no danger need be feared of waste
from non-use of the muscles. When such a condition has been
attained, which will be indicated by more quiet and restful sleep, a
gain in flesh, with warmth of the extremities, then exercise may be
given by rubbing, manipulation, or electricity, and later by walking
or riding. Should excitement follow, or sleeplessness ensue, it should
not be insisted upop or crowded. The nerves should be maintained
in as quiet and equable a condition as possible.
As a necessary adjunct of tbe rest treatment, a generous diet has
been alluded to. Dr. Weir Mitchell (Fat and Blood) shows the
large amount of food that can be taken and assimilated. Usually
three good meals with Koumiss or milk between and at bedtime.
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Rest in Nervous Diseases .
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no
making Qve or six times in taking food is prescribed, bat later the
lunches are dispensed with. In exceptional cases feeding by an
attendant is adopted.
As an agent of especial value in subduing Deuralgic pains, quieting
the nerves and equalizing the circulation, the spinal ice-bag has been
found particularly applicable. Worn on the dorsal and lumbar
regions of the spine, it will warm the extremities, relieve hyperemic
conditions of the brain, often inducing sleep, correct disturbances of
digestion, and at the same time serve the double purpose of giving
the patient something to do. It can be worn once, twice, or three
times daily, and from one-half hour to two hours at a time. In
paralytic cases—as hysterical paralysis—it may not be permissible;
with such cold bathing of the spine is useful.
We come now to speak of mental rest , which more properly comes
under the attention of the work of this bureau (Psychological Med¬
icine). Rest of the body, we have endeavored to show is necessary to
induce proper conditions of the nervous system, so rest for the mind
in the sense of freedom from agitation or disturbance is essential to
perfect physical rest. All the functions are so intimately associated
or dependent on one another,that a disturbance in one organ will
react upon another, and vice versa.
We know that mental troubles will cause uterine difficulties, and they
in turn will induce mental affections, so that the mind needs special
care in our treatment. How to attain quiet of the mind and replace
morbid thoughts with healthy ones, is of greatest importance. As rest
restores an equilibrium with the functions of the body, thus
relieving any reflex irritation, so must the mind be quieted, giving
the brain all the rest possible. Cares and responsibilities must be
removed, and different thoughts put in place, for as long as a person
is awake the brain is active, it is here that iD hysterica] and exceed¬
ingly nervous cases the question of sympathy has to be considered.
Whether the mental symptoms are to be considered as trifles, and
merely the result of physical causes and to insist upon the avoidance
of any manifestation of sympathy for them, or to consider the mental
condition as a trouble per se, and overcome fancies by a true sympathy
and appreciation of their condition, commands our attention. There is
no doubt but that both ways are successful. A certain class of patients
with small will power, who give up easily and like to prey on the
sympathy of their friends, may be best managed by a strict firmness
in management. With persons with strong will-power naturally, but
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Rest in Nervous Diseases.
271
who from any cause either hereditary or acquired develop severe neu¬
rosis. the opposite is essential. Too many patients with largely
developed brains, with fine intellectual endowments, the result of close
application, acquire nervous difficulties, and drift into certain morbid
conditions of thought, which prey upon them constantly and act
“ like the thorn in the flesh ” in continuing their difficulties, they
perhaps being too proud or sensitive or not having a suitable person
in full sympathy with them in whom to confide their troubles. It may
be some vision or fancy, some particular drift of thought, either about
themselves, their religion, their future life, love affairs, or disappoint¬
ments, or suspicious about their friends, that constantly hover over
them. Noise, or wind, or storm may aggravate the condition which
they may know to be wrong, but which nevertheless continues.
The physician who has the power to adapt himself to his patients
to enlist their confidence, sympathizing with them in their
sufferings may gain a control of the mind in no other way attainable.
If he is observant, he may see that the brain does not quiet, and may
suggest that such morbid thoughts are the cause of disquiet in many
instances and speak of the value of putting them aside, in either telling
some friend or their physician their troubles. As a child seeks its
mother to tell its petty grievances, which when once told, is instantly
cheerful, so with “children of a larger growth,” a fancied evil or
injury, a vision or morbid thought may be easily dispelled. We have
seen patients under intense excitement which had continued for a
long time, become quiet beyond expectation after thus relieving their
minds and having a word of sympathy and a simple explanation given
them. The mind once quieted, the patient will learn to avoid the
sources of disquiet and if troubled know how to find relief. With this
relief, hopefulness comes, the most essential thing for their recovery.
* Hahnemann says, %i The physician ought to make it his duty and his
delight to remove from the patient all those influences that might be
an obstacle to their cure, and especially in the case of chronic patients
he ought to shield them, to the best of his ability, against grief and
vexation.”
By sympathy we do not mean the giving up to the fancies of the
patient and allowing them to have their own way, nor giving by
word orllook an evidence of the slightest vacillation in the course we
ntend to pursue. The sympathy of fnends as expressed by anxiety
’Chronic Diseases, Vo'. I. p. 144.
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Rest in Nervous Diseases .
[April
and fear is of all things undesirable. Occasionally we find a relative
always hopeful aud unchanging in their bearing during severest trials,
that will go through a siege with a patient, but they are rare; so that
Dr. Wier. Mitchell’s plan of having friends and family entirely out of
the way and good nurses in their place is essential. The separation
from friends saves a knowledge of the downs of their sickness that
would bring anxious and discouraging letters and with them disturb¬
ance of the mind. Another influence in inducing quiet of both mind
and body, and which perhaps should have been considered with the
physical agencies, is darkness or subdued light. Its influence (nega¬
tive) is so great over mental conditions that we place it here.
It takes all kinds of people to make up this world. A certain class
of persons are in their best feelings when the weather is bright and
clear, the sunshine appearing to give them elasticity and strength.
Others on the contrary are more comfortable, have steadier nerves
and quieter brains when the days are less clear or even cloudy ; dark¬
ness or subdued light has the happiest effect with them. This latter
class comprises those with highly wrought nervous systems, with
whom bright light has an exciting, or more expressively stated, a rasp¬
ing effect. This recognized, the remedy lies in securing a proper pro¬
tection from the light. While the shutting up of patients in dark rooms
is contrary to the teachings of most physicians, it can be demon¬
strated as a correct method.
Hamilton in his treatise on Nervous Diseases is the only author
that directs a darkened room with rest in spinal anaemia, hysteria and
cerebral congestion, and cites a case of posterior spinal sclerosis as
greatly benefitted by rest in bed in a darkened room. The popular
objection to darkened rooms is that light is essential to maintain the
health of animal as well as vegetable life. This is true in health, but
in diseased conditions may not be so with both classes of life. A
nurse attending one of our house patients when told about the influ¬
ence of a dark room in quieting and building up the nervous system,
said that she could understand why it should be so, and added that a
plant which had commenced to wither and droop would die if given
more light and stimulated, but if put away in the dark and allowed to
stand for a while when taken out would then revive and grow strong
and healthy. This simile is a forcible, yet simple one, and we can well
profit by it. That a patient becomes more sensitive to light, more sus¬
ceptible to noise and external influences does not contra-indicate this
course. This transition state may be attended by symptoms of extreme
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Rest in Nervous Diseases.
273
nervousness, the result of freedom from restraint, but is almost invar¬
iably accompanied by hopefulness.
With systematic rest of body and mind comes calmness and self-con¬
trol, a self-control not forced or strained. Persons with weak wills
suffer frequent nervous or emotional attacks and it is nearly always
the result of frequent and perhaps slight over-taxing of their powers.
Such must be taught to reserve their forces, carefully avoiding any
excitement until a sufficient amount of latent force is developed.
Maudbley* in speaking c f the development of the will, says: “I
can not but think that moral philosophers have sometimes exagger¬
ated greatly the direct power of the will, as an abstract entity, over
the thoughts and feelings, without at the same time having taken
sufficient account of the slow and gradual way in which the concrete
will itself must be formed. The culminating effort of mental devel¬
opment, the final blossom of human evolution, it betokens a physio¬
logical development as real, though not as apparent, as that which
distinguishes the nervous system of man from that of one of the lower
animals. Time and systematic exercise are necessary to the grad¬
ual organization bf the structure which shall manifest it in full
function. No one can reason successfully by a mere effort of will to
think in a certain way, or to feel in a certain wav, or even, which is
easier, to act always in accordance with certain rules; but he can,
by acting upon the circumstances which will in time act upon him,
imperceptibly modify his character; he can thus, by calling external
circumstances to his aid, learn to withdraw his mind from one train
of thought and feeling, the activity of which will thereupon subside,
and can direct it to another train of thought and feeling, which will
thereupon become active, and so by constant watchfulness over
himself and by habitual exercise of will in the required direction,
bring about insensibly the formation of such a habit of thought,
feeling and action as he may wish to attain unto. He can make his
character grow by degrees to the ideal which he sets before himself.”
Following the author we learn not to expect too much from our
patients in controlling their nervousness, but to lighten the strain on
the will-power and in this way strengthen the foundations for its
future use. The muscles can not be strengthened by using them to
their utmost capacity, neither can the will-power be developed by
enforced strain. Its tasks must be suited to the endurance of the
patient and gradually developed.
* Responsibility in Nervous Diseases, pajre 273.
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Rest in Nervous Diseases .
[April 1.
One of the worst forms of nervousness or hysteria we have to con¬
tend with, is that with strong, and in some cases remarkably strong-
willed persons. Tho3e who perhips inherit their difficulties, with
brains and nerves always too active for the slight bodies they accom¬
pany. They are the precocious children which grow up with brilliant
intellects and aspirin? ambitions. The physical system does not
keep pace with the brain growth, and nervous troubles as insomnia,
dyspepsia, etc., and with girls disturbances of the menses with per¬
haps uterine displacements appear. Those with weak wills give up
early, and many of the so-called hysterical symptoms arise, but with
the strong-willed, ambitious person these disturbances of function
are unnoticed or willed down, until at last it may be after years of
strain, nature fails to perform the tasks asked of her, and a nervous
wreck is the result. We may not reasonably expect to restore such
to health, but much can be done to make them comfortable, and if
not strong, at least useful members of society. The rest treatment
in such cases has to be pursued for months, and perhaps with some
slight respite from treatment in bad cases for years, for the restora¬
tion is a matter of growth and can not in two or three months be
assured. It is here that we differ from Dr. Mitchell’s plan of eight
or ten weeks enforced quiet with all cases. With some this is suffi¬
cient, but with this class of nervous wrecks a few weeks of hot-house
growth can not replace the wear and tear of years. It is always
easier to go down hill than up, and, as well, easier for such patients
to break down than build up.
To summarize then we m ike the following deductions:
1. That rest is essential to perfect nutrition in those cases of
asthenia with excitability or exhaustion, in which marked disturb¬
ances of the circulation occur, such as coldness or ansemia of any
organ or part, or congestion or hyperaemia of another.
2. That nutrition and consequent retention or gain in tissue does
not depend in so great a degree upon motion or exercise as has been
believed, but upon the supply of blood to the tissues, and that such
supply can be best attained by restoring a proper equilibrium of the
nervous system.
3. That the negative influence of darkness or subdued light is many
times necessary to perfect rest, and we may add may be persisted in
until the object for its use is obtained.
4. That the attainment of self-control must be the result of evolu¬
tion or growth —certain conditions must be engendered for its
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Clinical Observation*.
275
proper support, when “ by watchfulness and systematic exercise of
the will such habits of thought and feeling may be insensibly
formed ” as will be consistent with a sound body and well-balanced
brain, and
5. That many mental conditions may be controlled by the
personal influence of the physician, by the power of ready sympathy
and of inspiring patients with hopefulness, making them feel that
their cares and burdens will be relieved and that everything will be
managed for their best good. When such control has been realized,
rest will be rewarded with peace and contentment, functional dis¬
turbances will be removed, and our patients will always remember
with full significance the proverb, “ Pleasant works are as an honey¬
comb. sweet to the soul and health to the bones.”
Therapeutical Department.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS.
REPORTS FROM THE FIELD OF PRACTICE.
Sellersburv, Ind., March 10.—We have had a very damp winter.
Throat troubles and erysipelas, etc., most prevalent. Rhus seems to
be the indicated remedy. . G. M. Covert.
Somerville, N. J„ March 11.—Decidedly healthy here — the
most that requires the physician's attention, is unpaid bills due him
— bronchial and laryngeal catarrh and a few cases of pneumonia.
Remedies: Lad i., Merc, bin.. Hydras ., Merc, sol., and for the latter,
Bry. and Tart. em. H. Crater.
Lime Springs, Iowa, March 15.—Prevailing diseases are: Colds
quite general throughout this vicinity, etc., also several cases of pneu¬
monia, etc., and some cases of fever, had nothing serous or epidemic
like. Remedies used: First. Aconite, Bryonia , and several other
remedies. Second. Aconite, Bell., Bryonia, Tart, em., Phos., Sulph.,
etc. In] most every case I have had, Phos. has been like a sheet
anchor, have given it as the chief remedy in nearly every case, but
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276
Hereditary Syphilis.
[April 1,
have received great benefit in using some one of the other remedies
in alternation with Phos ., when symptoms called for them, and the
result in my cases has been very satisfactory, both to me and my
patients. D. C. J.
HEREDITARY SYPHILIS .
BY J. A. COMPTON, M. D., INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
Read before the Marlon County H »rao 0 ooathic Me leal Society January 7, 1880.
The origin of syphilis is not known, although its fearful ravages
and consequent mortality—especially among infants —are facts
quite familiar to the medical profession. It matters not, as far as
the subject of this paper is concerned, whether it originated in the
army of Charles the VIII. during the seige of Naples, 1494, and from
thence spread over Europe and eventually over the entire globe, or
that it was of American origin and was first introduced into Spain
by Columbus in 1493, or, that it is of much older origin, which seems
more probable.
It was, however, first recognized as a distinctive malady during
the latter part of the fifteenth century. That it exists and is trans-
missable from parent to offspring is the important thing to know.
That syphilis could be transmitted by inheritance was believed by
Paracelsus and others, as early as the sixteenth century. Swediaur
claimed, in his treatise on Syphilis, published in 1801, that it might
be inherited from the father. The theory of its transmissibility has
been so thoroughly established within the present century, that it no
longer admits of a doubt. John Hunter was probably the last promi¬
nent physician to oppose it.
The offspring may inherit syphilis from the father or the mother,
or both parents. When the father, or the mother, or both parents
have signs of constitutional syphilis at the time of procreation
the offspring is almost sure to inherit the disease. When both or
either of the parents have previously had the disease, and supposed
to have been cured, showing no signs of it at the time of procreation,
their offspring may nevertheless inherit syphilis. When the mother
contracts the disease during gestation, prior to the seventh month,
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1880.1
Hereditary Syphilis.
277
the child is liable to be syphilitic, and especially is the foetus liable to
infection if constitutional symptoms obtain from the third to the
fifth month.
A mother being healthy, may give birth to a syphilitic foetus by an
infected father, and herself remain free from the disease. “ Infec¬
tion of the mother through the medium of the foetus was, according
to Mr. Huchinson, first noticed by Gardien (Traite des Accouch-
ment) in 1814, and is admitted by most recent writers upon venereal,
among whom may be mentioned Record, Diday, Depaul, Acton,
Harvey Taylor, Smith, and Belfour; it is by no means, however, to
be regarded as a necessary consequence of contamination of the
ovum by a diseased father; and, as in thirteen (18) cases reported by
Victor De Meric, a mother may give birth to a syphilitic child, and
yet never present the slightest evidence that she herself is infected.”
It sometimes happens that, where only one of the parents has had
syphilis, some of the children are infected and some are not. There
are cases on record where both parents, having well pronounced
syphilis at the time of procreation, and yet has a healthy offspring.
“The hereditary character of syphilis,” says Trousseau, “ as of all
other disease, is liable to so many exce tions, that it is necessary to
guard ourselves again.st the undue influence of previous conceived
opinions; and to bear in mind, that while in respect to hereditary
transmission, there is everything to fear, there may occasionally be
everything to hope for. It sometimes happens, that, under the most
unfavorable conditions, both father and mother being affected with
the pox in the most palpable manner, everything consequently con¬
spiring against the health of the foetus, it nevertheless comes into
the world free from disease.”
When may syphilis be transmitted to the offspring? Paternal
syphilis must be transmitted through the semen at the time of pro¬
creation, and it is but reasonable to suppose that the transmission of
maternal syphilis through the ovule or seminal liquor may also be
coeval with conception. When the mother becomes infected during
gestation, she will transmit the disease when it becomes constitu¬
tional. The mother may become infected through the medium of
the foetus, at the establishment of foetal circulation about the third
month. It is believed by many physicians that syphilis can be trans¬
mitted to the third generation,.and Huchinson claims to have verified
the fact.
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Hereditary Syphilis.
[April 1
Acquired syphilis may be primary or secondary. The foetus*
although well protected by a sebaceous coating, may be infected by
coming in contact with syphilitic lesion on the genitals of its qa other
in the act of parturition. It may be communicated by vaccination
or in many other ways, but the wet-nurse is the most fruitful source
of acquired syphilis. The danger of lactation of the unhealthy wet-
nurse has become proverbial. Sores or excoriations of the nipple or
breast, if the nurse be tainted with the disease will infect the nurs¬
ling ; and on the other hand, mucous tubercle or fissures upon the
lips or tongue of a contaminated infant may infect a healthy wet-
nurse.
ABORTION.
It has long been known that syphilis of the parents, and especially
of the mother, is a frequent cause of miscarriage. Trousseau says,
“ when you are called upon by a woman in whom premature labor
has become habitual, you would do wrong were you not to regard
venereal as among the probable causes of miscarriage.’' Three, four*
five, or even six miscarriages are not an infrequent occurrence. On©
author mentions thirteen consecutive miscarriages in a case under
his own observation. It is supposed — although it is impossible to
get the exact statistics — that about two-thirds of the pregnancies of
syphilitic parents result in miscarriage.
In maternal syphilis it is not an infrequent occurrence for several
consecutive miscarriages to be followed by ?l viable foetus at term ;
while on the other hand, in paternal syphilis, the first pregnancies
are less liable to be followed by the accident than the subsequent
ones. The more profoundly the parents are affected with the dis¬
ease at the time of procreation, the greater will be the deleterious
influence of the poison on the foetus, thus rendering the liability to
accident greater.
Syphilitic abortion is the result of the death of the foetus in utero,
which is liable to be cast off in a more or less putrid and offensive
condition. This accident may occur as early as the third month, but
more generally during the latter months of gestation, and not infre¬
quently nearly at term. A child doomed to syphilis may present the
symptoms at birth, or what is more common if born viable and at
term, they may not appear for some weeks, or months, or even years.
The later manifestations are usually at second dentition, pnberty
and rarely in old age.
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Hereditary Syphilis.
279
Diday has tabulated the time of the commencement of the symp¬
toms in 158 cases as follows:
Before the completion of the first month, 86; before the completion
of the second month, 45; before the completion of the third month,
15; at four months, 7; at five months, 1; at six months, 1; at eight
months. 1; at one year, 1; at two years, 1.
Those children born viable before or at term, having been badly
nourished in utero, are small, undeveloped, having an aged appear¬
ance, the rash or pemphigus generally perish soon with marasmus
and diarrhoea; while those born apparently healthy, having been well
nourished during their intra-uterine life, are usuallv strong and well
developed, showing no special signs of the disease at birth, but in a
few weeks — usually from three to six — symptoms of mal-nutrition
become apparent, the child gradually become mere delicate, a nasal
catarrh makes its appearance, followed in a few days by a cutaneous
eruption. 44 This eruption may be macular, or, as is more usual,
papular in character, and may be limited to a few bright papules
upon the buttocks, which rapidly assume the characteristics of the
mucous patches. Sometimes the entire body, but especially the face
is covered with large, flat papules, which have the perfect copper-
color, and here and there are coalescent. At the angles of the mouth
and eyes, in the neck, behind the ears, and in the inguinal folds they
take the form of moist papules and increase rapidly in size.” The
nasal catarrh runs into syphilitic ozcena,the passages becoming more
obstructed, the purulent discharges excoriating the upper lip and
nostrils.
An early symptom, one that usually appears before the eruption, is
the dingy color of the skin. M. Diday says, 44 next to this look of the
little old man, so common in new-born infants doomed to syphilis, the
most characteristic sign is the color of the skin.” This coloration of
a dirty-brown pigment which appears on the most prominent portions
of the face, and more or less on the body is a very important diagnos¬
tic sign. It looks as though it had been done by a novice —being so
irregular. It may be noticed on the forehead, nose, cheeks, eyebrows,
and chin, but at the internal canthis, under the nose, between the
under lip and chin it never appears. At the flexure of the body and
limbs.it is always wanting. When pemphigus obtains it usually
appears at, or within a few days of birth, and its points of attack are
usually the same, whether it appears as an early or subsequent mani¬
festation on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, fingers and
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Hereditary Syphilis*
[April 1
toes, from whence it may spread over the body. It commences by a
violet tint of the skin, on which large bull® form, filled with a sero-
purulent fluid, which subsequently burst, leaving an excoriated sur¬
face or form greenish yellow crusts.
u Pemphigus at birth is a precursor of death, but when it appears
for the first time some weeks after birth, it is a less unfavorable prog¬
nostic.” The usual visceral lesions are suppuration of the thymus
gland, lobular induration of the lungs, and cirrhosis of the liver, and
the epiphyseal lesion of the long bones. The recognition of heredi¬
tary syphilis is not usually attended with any difficulty in early child¬
hood ; the affection of the nasal mucous membrane, the papular or
pustular rash, and the peculiar aged appearance form a picture that
could hardly be misunderstood. A case might present, however,
where some or even all the above symptoms are wanting; the child
having been born well developed, and being well nourished. A few'
fissure or condylomata about the anus, or perhaps a copper-colored
stain or two, or a few moist pa pules being the only evidences of
hereditary syphilis. You will be greatly aided in your diagnosis,
however, if there are older children in the family showing traces of
the taint.
Among the subsequent signs, indicating the subject had, during
early life, symptoms of hereditary syphilis, the following are the most
typical: The characteristic physiognomy, interstitial keratitis or
cloudiness of the cornea, fine white linear cicatrices radiating from
the angles of the mouth or nostrils and the test teeth.” Interstitial
keratitis may be noticed as early as the third year, more commonly
the sixth, most commonly at puberty. The two upper central perma¬
nent incisors are smaller than natural and usually converge some¬
what or diverge a little. They are narrower on their border than at
the base, having a single broad notch in the cutting edge. The
prominence of the frontal protuberances accompanied by the flat-
bridged undiveloped nose, when well marked, will be readily recog¬
nized.
TREATMENT.
It is generally conceded that a proper treatment of a syphilitic
mother, during gestation, will not only mitigate the severity of the
infection of her offspring, but that it may prevent its transmission.
It becomes advisable, therefore, among your clientage, as a prophy¬
lactic measure, w'hen it may be known that either the wdfe or hus-
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Hereditary Syphilis .
281
band is suffering from or may have previously had syphilis, to treat
the mother during gestation.
When called upon to treat a case of congenital syphilis, after mak¬
ing your diagnosis, the first and not the least important thing is to
look after the hygiene and dietary. The little patient should be
placed in a healthy apartment, and should have plenty of fresh air
day and night, and should be kept very clean and be well nourished.
The importance of these measures will be sufficiently apparent if we
recollect that the moment the syphilitic element comes in contact
with the blood its immediate and constant effect on that fluid, is to
diminish the quantity of red globules in a very marked degree.
M. Grass! has shown that, in his analysis bf the blood of subjects
afflicted with constitutional syphilis. While the proper remedy will
have a tendency to check this disturbance in the process of hsema-
tosis, yet the child must be nourished or he will eventually perish
The wet-nurse is out of the question from her susceptibility to the
infection. The mother, however, is not subject to such objection.
Although she may show no signs of having become infected through
the foetus of a syphilitic father, during its intra-uterine existence,
yet her blood has been so impressed that she will be quite exempt
from its contamination during its extra uterine life. If the mother
furnish milk, it should be looked to that she be well nourished and
that her milk is good. She should not be allowed to do any hard
work or anything that will unduly heat her blood. Should she not
furnish milk, or only impoverished milk, the milk of the ass, goat, or
cow may be used, or, some of the prepared children’s food may be
tried, using that which best agrees with the patient. As infants
should be fed exclusively on milk for at least the first eight months,
and as cow’s milk is the most available for those deprived of breast
milk, I will give a few' hints in regard to its use. One cow's milk
should be used where it can be had, and it is better to be about the
age of the patient, and it is also better that it be fresh fiom the cow
at least twice a day — night and morning. By fiesh from the cow I
mean as soon as milked, before that peculiar volatile ] linciple, so
essential for its assimilation, which so soon escapes by its exposure
to the air. By the use of one cow’s milk the prevalent adultetation
of the dairy is avoided. You may, however, have acidity to deal
with, which, if not corrected, will be quite as bad for your patient.
Human milk is alwa>s alkaline, and cows milk to be assimilated
should be at least neutral. The blue litmus should be used to test
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282
Hereditary Syphilis.
[April 1,
where acidity is suspected; should the milk turn the blue litmus red,
you may add enough lime water to restore the blue. The presence of
excess of acid mav readily be determined also by the symptoms.
“ These are frequent hiccough, and apparent griping, especially after
food as evinced by the occasional cry, and it may be drawing up of
the legs. A loose motion generally follows, the color tending to the
green. There is also very generally vomiting present, and the ejected
matters have an intense acid odor.”
I have advised the use of lime water as a correction of acid milk,
which is all very proper while compelled to use such milk, but milk
should be sought without an acid reaction as lime water is injurious
to the stomach. This acid condition is avoided where the cow though
stall-fed is kept on good hay and fresh bran mash, and has plenty of
fresh water and has a clean apartment, wild hay, brewers’ lees, starch
refuse and sour slops produce acid milk. There is no trouble from the
milk of cows kept on good pasture.
MEDICAL TREATMENT.
If the foetus'be born apparently healthy, having been well nour¬
ished in utero, the disease may first make its appearance in the form
of a coryza, nursing will be greatly interfered with from stoppage of
the nostrils, the babe will nurse as long as it can hold its breath when
it will lay back and cry, and its mother will say it has the “snuffles,”
and she has already gieased the bridge of the nose and given onion
juice for cold without any relief whatever. A critical examination
about the anus and mouth may or may not show any other signs of
the taint. Syphilis should be thought of, however, and if the history
of the parents, in that regard be not known, it should be looked to,
and should you decide it to be a local manifestation of the taint.
Mercury is your remedy and I prefer the high, commencing with
200th. Should the 200 fail to give relief the 30th or even the 6th may
be tried, and if the coryza be relieved the foundation for a cure is
laid, and may be consummated without any other manifestation. I
will give a case of syphilitic coryza treated with Merc . rip. 200:
Cask. January 16, 1870, was called to see infant M., four weeks
old, suffering from coryza and too frequent greenish stools, without
any exanthema or indication within the buccal cavity of the syphi¬
litic taint, whose parents were greatly alarmed. The cause of their
alarm was this: Some two years before their first child had been
taken in the same way, at about the same age, and died of well pro-
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1880.]
hereditary Syphilis.
283
nounced syphilis before it was two months old. Their doctor (a very
able man in the Old School) had looked upon the case as simple coryza
and treated accordingly. Sore mouth was noticed in a day or two
which was followed by an eruption on various parts of the body
which the doctor pronounced to be syphilitic. I learned that the
father had contracted chancre, and had indurated bubo, about a year
before their marriage. The chancre was cured (?) and the bubo
yielded to treatment without suppuration. The treatment w r as both
constitutional and local. He had taken the constitutional treatment
a long while after the chancre was healed, and was supposed to be
free from the taint. I give this bit of history to show the importance
of an early diagnosis in syphilitic coryza that the disease may be
properly met at its outset. My patient got Merc. viv. 200 and no other
remedy or attenuation, and her mother got Merc. viv. 6 until the
coryza yielded, when I left off medicating the mother but continued
treatment of the child intermittently for some time. My little patient
is now a bright little girl of nine years and has never shown any
signs of the taint. Although this mother gave birth to both ol these
children without allowing any signs of having contracted the disease,
I learn she subsequently gave birth to a still-born infant, with well-
marked pemphigus since which her health has been poor.
You may not always be so fortunate in syphilitic coryza, though
you early appreciate the disease, as to hold the enemy in check or
vanquish him in his first local assault. He may raise bis hydra head
in the shape of some of the various exanthem which may have to be
met with other properly selected remedy or remedies. Or if the dis¬
ease should take a profound hold on your patient and still spend its
force in nasal cavity, your syphilitic catarrh run into ozcena with
bloody, corrosive discharge from the nose, Merc. car. might serve you
better. Should Jferc. cor. fail to stay its ravages, and the bony struc¬
ture become involved, Aurum may be called for. Other remedies
may be called for to meet special indications in syphilitic ozoena of
infancy, but the above will be found the main remedies. I will
give a case cured by Merc. viv. 200 that had been pronounced incura¬
ble by an Old School doctor:
Case. May 8, 1878, Arthur B., age about five weeks, had the fol¬
lowing symptoms: He had the pinched features, the dingy color of
the skin peculiar to the taint, and there were also numerous circular
patches on the lower part of the forehead, on (he lace and body, sur¬
rounded by a copper-coiored areola. The crusts were very like the
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284
Hereditary Syphilis.
[April 1,
tinea capitis but for the darker hue and areola. A scarlet patch
would be seen here and there on the dingy skin, which would become
fully developed in from twenty-four to forty-eight hours into these
crusts, from some of which a yellowish serum would exude. About the
genitals there was more or less excoriation and exudation. There
was coryza and mucous patches on the inner side of the lower lip.
The mother claimed to have enjoyed the best of health until she had
been pregnant about four months, when she had a leucorrboea, since
which her health had not been so good, although the leucorrhoea had
yielded readily to injections. At this time between four and five
weeks after confinement she still had considerable lochia which had
an offensive odor. The father had contracted syphilis before their
marriage, which had reappeared and been suppressed, but a short
time before she became pregnant. The parents fully appreciated the
difficulty and had frankly told their physician their suspicion, who
had told them that nothing could be done for the child, or rather that
the babe “ must die.” By the advice of a friend of Homoeopathy, I
was called. Believing the doctor’s diagnosis was correct, and with
this sorry picture before me, I feared his prognosis was too true. The
mother was given Merc . vn\ 6 and finally 200, and put upon plain
unstimulating diet, and was requested to drink a pint of milk warm
and fresh from the cow, night and morning. Under this treatment
she seemed to thrive and furnished plenty of good rich milk. She
became sound and well and has enjoyed the best of health since. The
babe was given Merc. viv. 200 every two hours, with a single dose of
Rhus tax. same attenuation at bed time, until there was manifest
improvement when the Rhus was discontinued and the Merc. viv.
given three times a day, and finally at longer intervals until the child
became the perfect picture of health, and I will add he still remains
so.
I believe the taint was thoroughly eradicated in this case, and
further, that he never can suffer any ill effects of the remedy used
in curing him. While I believe the mvus to be more frequently called
for than any other form of Mercury in congenital syphilis, I would
recommend Merc. sol. where the exanthem has an erysipelatous
appearance, and Jferc. c or. phagedsenic varieties. The Iodides 'of
Mercury [bin. and proto.) and the Iodide of Potash are good in scrofu¬
lous complications. JSitric acid , Thuja , Aurum, Kali bichromicum «
Arsenicum, Hepar sulphSulphur , and many other remedies may be
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1880.]
Book Department,
286
called for in complications. Nitric acid and Thuja , especially in
syphilitic excresence£ Nitric acid. Thuja , Kali hydriodicum and
others for the bad effects of Mercury.
Book Department.
AH books for review must be sent to the Publishers.
Surgical Diseases and their Homceopathic Treatment. By
J. G. Gilchrist, M. D. Chicago: Duncan Bros. 8vo: cloth $4.00.
The title of this work at once shows its object. Whatever tends to
increase our knowledge of surgical affections, and their treatment
with Homoeopathic remedies, demands due acceptance and consider¬
ation at the hands of the profession.
The author is well known as a former lecturer at the Ann Arbor
University, and the work he here presents is the embodiment of his
teachings while connected with that institution, and the culmination
of a plan that had occupied his thoughts for years.
The experience and observations of the entire profession are also
largely and carefully incorporated with the author’s, and clinical cases
from the highest and best authorties, are recited to demonstrate the
fact that incurable diseases are sometimes curable under Homoe¬
opathic medication, and to encourage those doubting, fainting hearts,
whose belief in the law of similia is very strong, but whose knowl¬
edge of the materia medica is very weak, and therefore, cannot
believe that certain pathological states are amenable to Homoeopathic
therapeutics. From the long list of ailments usually considered as
belonging to the surgical profession, have been chosen, many of the
more difficult and inexplicable ones, and which are generally looked
upon as curable only by surgical measures, and with each one given
clearly defined directions for the selection of the remedy applicable
to the case.
The pathology of the various diseases is not slighted in the general
history and description given of them, nor is causation disregarded
Each chapter gives evidence of close clinical observations and very
good therapeutics. One fact is quite prominent, that is its freedom
from hobbies. It contains a great many capital ideas and useful
therapeutic hints, each of which is worth, at the very least, one
Digitized by LjOOQie
280
Book Department.
[April 1,
dollar, thus making it of more value, especially to the busy practi¬
tioner, than the small price at which it can be purchased. The
present publication is another evidence of the progress of our school
as it fills an hitherto unoccupied niche, and is an additional reason
why it should be welcomed by the profession at large. The style of
binding, and its clear readable type, are characteristic ot the publica¬
tions issued by our energetic publishers, Duncan Bros, of Chicago.
S B. Parsons.
A Therapeutical Materia Medica, Containing the Chief
Symptoms and Clinical uses of two Hundred and Sixteen
Remedies, Arranged upon a New and Available Plan
for Study and Practice. By II. C. Jessen, M. D. Chicago:
Halsey Bros.; cloth, $4.50.
It is by insensible comparison and association that we obtain the
most useful and practical knowledge ; and the most available books
for study are those in which these two points are most prominent.
This is the central idea of Dr. Jessen's Therapeutical Materia Medica .
His grouping of remedies, his delineation of their symptoms and
the discrimination that he has shown in the choice of their more
prominent and peculiar features is such that we learn to know
them at a glance, as one insensibly recognizes the faces of his friends
among all the men and women in the world, without the trouble or
worry of learning anybody’s system of physiognomy, or without
being a portrait-painter himself.
This plan reduces the study of the materia medica to the common
level of our capacity, so that all can comprehend it, and can utilize
it, as we turn the object-lessons of life to the best account without
going crazy over natural history, transcendental philosophy, and all
that sort of thing. In these clean pages the subject has not been
denaturalized and trimmed to death. The groupings of remedies,
which are arranged side by side are not arbitrary, but bear a practical
and useful relation to each other.
Chief among the merits of this book is the tone and character
derived from the citation of authorities, which endorse and empha¬
size the text. For, say what we will, while our banks refuse to loan
money without good security, our patients can not afford to risk their
lives on advice that comes from nobody knows where.
We happen to know something of the ante partum history of this
book. We know that it was arranged and organized by one who is
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1880.]
Tour Around the College World.
287
seriously in earnest to do the best thing possible for his subject and
for the cause of Homoeopathy. We know that every word in this
volume was written and copied by his own hand six times before it
went to the printer, and that it has passed through the press with the
most careful and conscientious supervision. And we also know, that,
whatever the merits of other works upon the same subject may be,
thia book will be of excellent service in the consulting room and at
the bedside. R. L.
College News.
mUR AROUND THE COLLEGE WORLD .
PULTE MEDICAL COLLEGE AND THE CINCINNATI PROFESSION.
We arrived in Cincinnati the day after the commencment of Fulte
Medical College but we found the building open, clinics in progress
and students pressing around to learn all they could. The appetite of
students for medical facts is wonderful; “yes an appetite like a mow¬
ing machine ” as a friend expressed it and the digestive capacity of
an ostrich. That is what makes medical teaching so fascinating. We
found Prof. McDermott (Wilson’s successor) pointing out the interest¬
ing features of several eye cases in his enthusiastic way. We were
shown over the building by Dean )Buck and pointed to several
changes contemplated to make room for a still larger class next term.
This college occupies a large four story building, well fitted up and
excellently located for clinical advantages. Dr. Quirrel, resident phy¬
sician, is kept busy. As we rode into the suburbs behind Dr. Buck’s
spanking span of bays he told us the college was being reorganized
and the prospects looked most flattering. Upon the hill* at Mt. Au¬
burn we found friend Crank surrounded with children, and of course
he is a psedologist. He has quite recovered his health. Muriate of
Ammonia , Dr. Buck said, finally cleared out bis lungs, and milk and
cream punch built up his strength — proof to us that phthisis is
chiefly a disease of the lymphatics. By the way Prof. Buck is busy
on a. work on “ The Lymphatics: Their diseases and treatment.” We
do not know of any one in our ranks better posted on this much neg-
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288
Tour Bound the College World .
[April 1,
lected system. What is said in Diseases of Infants and Children, Vol.
II. pp. 535 — 577 is but a prelude to the attention this lymphatic system
is yet to receive.
Friend Eaton we found in the elegant office formerly occupied by
Prof. Bartholow. He entertained us right royally. At the Gibson Hotel
over our coffee he told us how gentlemanly he was treated by this man
who told us a year before that Homoeopaths were quacks.” “ Hom¬
oeopaths succeeds Allopaths ” of the rabid sort, that is the order of
events and will be. To avert that they have become more consider¬
ate. Dr. Eaton but a few years ago a prominent Allopath in Peoria
is an honest, enthusiastic convert and therefore commands the respect
of his Old School “ deluded friends.” We found him busy preparing
an elaborate work on The Medical and Surgical Diseases of Woman
and their Homoeopathic Treatment. Familiar with Old School works
on gynaecology he thinks our literature defective on this branch. With
Jahr, Leadam, Williamson, Guernsey and Ludlam, excellent works,
in the field, the appearance of another book will awaken greater inter¬
est in this branch. This new author has spent much time in the col¬
lection of material and when finished will, he thinks, be more complete
than any other yet issued. It is designed especially as a text book.
Father Pulte we found very feeble. He has been forty years in Cin¬
cinnati and is one of the oldest physicians. His reminescences of Allen¬
town Academy were very interesting. He said “ we ran it until the
money all gave out and then we stopped ” each member going to the
prominent unoccupied cities. His popular Domestic Practice has had
an immense sale—over 60,000 copies — and now has an annual sale
of about 1,600 copies.
We found the offices of Dr. S. R. Beckwith full of patients. Although
the busiest man we met in all our travels he promised our readers
cases from his surgical record. He is now we believe the oldest sur¬
geon in our ranks and has had a valuable experience. He furthur
offered to answer any questions of a surgical nature that our readers
might send us. When we can draw freely on the wisdom and experi¬
ence of Surgeons Beckwith, Gilchrist, Adams, and others, our Consul¬
tation Department especially should grow more and more helpful.
Prof. Owen we found at his elegant home. He*has been making
special study of diphtheria. He does not think it is properly under¬
stood. He reported some additional valuable experience with Nitrate
of Sanguinaria .
The two Pharmacies of Smith and Worthington we found full
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1880.]
Boston University School of Medicine .
289
of business. Courteous, skillful and able chemists, they merit, what
they have received, success.
Cincinnati has an able corps of Homoeopathic physicians and our sys¬
tem is well received by the people. We were surprised to learn that
there are only about thirty Homoeopaths in this city of about 300,000
inhabitants. If every house was canvassed with a copy of our Law
of Cure would’nt it make business lively for our physicians there —
and they would soon ask for help. The same is true of every other
place. Few of our profession seem to know how to “ work up busi¬
ness.” But of this more anon. Quill.
BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE.
The seventh annual commencement exercises of the Boston Uni¬
versity School of Medicine were held Wednesday, March 3, at half
past two o’clock. As usual on such occasions, there was a very large
attendance of the friends and relatives of the graduates and those
interested in the school; more, in fact, than could be seated in the
church. Upon the platform were the trustees of the University, the
facultv of the school of medicine, and a number of invited guests,
including his Excellency Gov. Long, Hon. Otis Clapp, Dr. Chajpber-
lain, of Worcester, Rev. William R. Clark, D. D., of East Boston,
and others.
The exercises were opened with music by the orchestra of the
Germania Band, and the invocation was offered by Rev. Wm.
Burnett Wright.
THE DEAN’S REPORT.
I. T. Talbot, M. D., the dean of the school, offered his annual
report, recommending the graduating class for the honors of the
degree of M. I). The class consisted of thirty-five members,—nine¬
teen men and sixteen women. The course of study, he stated, has
been and is being made more thorough, the present graduating class
having a more complete instruction than any previous class, and
being better prepared and equipped for their work. The college has
a dispensary attached to it, which last year gave out about 30,000 pre¬
scriptions, and the students are required to study into cases, and to
give a written report of the disease and condition of at least twenty
patients during the year. Feeling that there was need for a more full
course of study in medicine than it has been usual to give in the past,
the Faculty of the college have started a four years’ course, in con¬
nection with the present three years’ course, the first pupils in which
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Boston University School of Medicine.
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will graduate next year. Its success has been better than they hoped,
the number entering its classes constantly increasing. The address
closed with a brief review of the early struggles of the followers of
Homoeopathy against the severe and unmerited denunciations of the
Old School of physicians, contrasting it with the present day, when
its merits have secured to it a just recognition, even from its enemies,
and many of its, remedies and methods are used by the Old School
physicians, either knowingly, or as new discoveries which they do
not recognize as having been used by the Homoeopaths for years.
THE SALUTATORY.
Miss Stella Manning, of Marlboro’, delivered the salutatory address,
which after alluding to the past experiences and future hopes of the
. class, went on to describe briefly the methods of study, saying that
they felt seriously the need of more clinical instruction, which they
have not all the desired means of gaining, as the two great hospitals
of this city — the City and the Massachusetts General — are closed to
the female students of the Boston University School of Medicine.
The Faculty of the University last year petitioned the trustees of the
City Hospital to allow such students the privilege of visiting the
hospital, but after pondering over the matter for nearly a year, they
refused to grant it; so at present they must visit London, Paris,
Vienna, or New York to gain this experience. On behalf of future
students she asked those present, who were citizens and taxpayers of
Boston, to use their influence to procure them this privilege with
regard to the City Hospital.
THE DEGREES CONFERRED.
After some music by the band, the President, William F. Warren,
LL.D., conferred the degrees upon the graduating class. In his
address he spoke of their advance in study during the years they had
been in college, and impressed upon their minds the fact that in this
progressive age of the world they not only needed to start even with
the knowledge of the day, but to keep up even with it. To do this
requires constant work, and the progress of the next fifty years will
probably far outstrip that of the last century. To master this knowl¬
edge and keep in the advanced ranks of practitioners will require the
utmost effort. He then awarded diplomas to the following graduates:
Stephen Goodhue Bailey, A. M. Lowell, Mass.; Charles Wilson
Bresenham, South Abington, Mass.; Lucy Stearns Carr, Marblehead,
Mass.; Frances Henrietta Cole, Boston, Mass.; George Seymour
Cummings, Ashburnham, Mass.; Jane Smith Devereaux, Marble¬
head, Mass.; Ellen Louise Eastman, Woburn, Mass.; Alice Bird
French, Winchester, Mass.; George Howard Fulford, Lorraine,
N. Y.; Seth Vale Goldthwaite, Boston, Mass.; Mary Jane Hall,
Boston, Mass.; Susan Peckham Hammond, Killingly, Conn.; Amos
Lindsay Holbrook, Rockland, Mass.; Stephen Worcester Hopkins,
We 9 t Acton, Mass.; Henry Ames Jackson, Providence, R. I.; Lora
Coates Jackson, Philadelphia, Pa.; Charity James, Carlisle, Iowa;
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Boston University School of Medicine .
291
Joseph Melville King, Orrington, Me.; John Edgar Kinney, East
Wareham, Mass.; Stella Manning, Marlboro 1 , Mass.; Catherine Ann
Mills, Port Byron, N. Y.; Kate Gertrude Mudge, Lawrence, Mass.;
George Edward Norcross, Jamaica Plain, Mass.; Horace Packard,
West Bridgewater, Mass.; Charlotte Evans Page, Lowell, Mass.;
Frederick Bos worth Percy, A. B., Bath, Me.; Willard Osman Buggies,
Worcester, Mass.; Edwin Herbert Russell, Florence, Cal.; Julia Ann
Bray Bussell, Malden, Mass.; Samuel Green Sewall, A. M., Boston
Mass.; George Albert Slocomb, Millbury, Mass.; Charles Sullivan
Stanley, Lawrence, Mass.; Mary Elizabeth Webb, Peoria, Ill.; Emma
Jane Welty, Gettysburg, Pa.; Benjamin Herbert Young, A. B.,
Rowlea, Mass.
As the graduates stepped forward to receive their diplomas, they
were received with applause, and with a varying quantity of bouquets,
ranging from one or two up to a number which it puzzled some of the
more fortunate ones to carry gracefully at one time. Mingled with
these were occasional presents of a more substantial kind, such as
books, medicine cases, etc.
His Excellency Gov. Long was called upon for a speech, and res¬
ponded in his usual happy manner, speaking of the important place
filled in the community by physicians, and the value of well-instruc¬
ted, conscientious men and women in that profession. The speech
was greeted with loud applause.
THE VALEDICTORIES.
After this there was some more music, and then George A.
Slocomb, M. D., delivered the valedictory from the class, making
a pleasant, straightforward address, alluding in a kindly manner to
several of the classmates who were not present, and to the fact that
now the pleasant years of study were over, and the hard work of life
was to begin. All personal differences, if there were any, would be
sunk, and his classmates should remember only that they were class¬
mates, and however scattered over this broad continent they might
be, should continue to hold a friendly feeling toward each other, and
be ever ready, should there be need to extend a helping hand.
The valedictory from the Faculty was delivered by Prof. Conrad
Wesselhoeft. M. D., and in it he gave his young colleagues some very
good advice with regard to their conduct in life, and the impcytance
of conscientious work, and the avoidance of unscrupulous practices.
Last year provisions were made for prizes of essays upon several
subjects, and one of them, that of $30, for the best essay by a mem¬
ber of the graduating class upon the “ Germ Theory of Disease,” was
awarded to Stephen Goodhue Bailey, A. M., of Lowell. The others
will be awarded at the closing exercises of the school in June next.
The exercises were then closed with prayer by Rev. William R.
Clark, D. D.
RECEPTION IN THE EVENING.
In the evening the Faculty of the school gave a reception to the
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graduating class at Hotel Brunswick. About one hundred and fifty,
including the alumni, graduating class, Faculty, and a few invited
guests were present, and the evening passed very pleasantly. The
occasion was a purely social one. For an hour or more the guests
wandered through the parlors of the hotel, renewing old friendships
or taking leave of their classmates and teachers. About half-past
nine they proceeded to the supper room, where an informal and social
supper awaited them. After duly enjoying it, a pleasant dance
closed the evening’s entertainment. The exercises of the day and
evening all went off very pleasantly, and will long be one of the
bright spots in the memory of all who participated in them, and
especially so to the memories of the class whom it ushers into the
duties, pleasures, and sorrows of medical life.
Medical News.
The Spring Course of the Chicago Homoeopathic College will open
April 5.
Dr. B. Ludlam delivers his special course of lectures to physicians
on the Diseases of Women, as usual.
Our New Orleans friends are trying to have Dr. de Yelleneuve
appointed on the new state board of health.
Dr. S. W. Hopkins of West Acton, Massachusetts, succeeds Dr. A.
M. Cushing, at Lynn, who comes west on account of wife’s health.
The Alumni of the Homoeopathic Medical College of Missouri, will
please send full name and address to the undersigned.
St. Louis. J. Martin Kershaw, Sec’y.
Died .—March 26th, at her late residence in Paris, HI., Mrs. Abigal
Hoyt,Vife of Dr. P. B. Hoyt, after a long and painful illness due to
cancer of the uterus.
T. J. Putnam , M. D ., of Pittsburg, thinks that when Allegheny
County gets up a case of triplets, she ought to have the credit. Cer¬
tainly, and Dr. Thos. Putnam, of Farmington, Ill., does not desire
the honor. Beg pardon, gents!
Dr. M. Ayers and his partner .Dr. Mitchell had a run away, and Dr.
A. got two of his ribs broken and his buggy smashed. This forced
rest will give Dr. A. some time to complete his work on the Diseases
of the Rectum. “ No great loss but some small gain.”
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Medical News.
293
Consultation by Letter.— In reply to many inquiries from physicians
who would like my assistance in selecting the food and the remedy
for their many cases of sick children, I will say that if they will
follow “ How to Examine Infants,” I will help them to the best of my
ability. T. C. Duncan.
Pulte Medical College.— At a recent meeting of the Faculty, Prof.
J. D. Buck was elected Dean, Professor G. C. McDermott (who takes
Professor Wilson’s chair of eye and ear diseases) was elected Regis¬
trar, and Professor C. D. Crank, of Mount Auburn, was elected
Treasurer of the Faculty.
C. C . Olmsted , M. D., of Milwaukee, has been appointed Chairman
of the Committee of Arrangements, by the Wisconsin State Society,
and the Milwaukee Academy of Medicine. That means a jolly wel¬
come. Any members of the Institute that desire information as to
arrangements can correspond with him.
The Sixteenth Annual Session'of the Homoeopathic Medical Society of
Ohio , will be held in Cincinnati on Tuesday and Wednesday, May 11th
and 12th, 1880. It is hoped to make this session unusually profitable.
Your presence and contributions, theoretical or practical, will assist
in securing the desired object. J. A. Gann, M. D., Sec’y.
Dr. T. (7. Duncan's Private Course of lectures to physicians on the
Diseases of Infants and Children, will be opened with a public lecture
to the profession at the Grand Pacific Hotel. Terms for the course :
To physicians $10.00; to students free. This course will not conflict
with that given by Prof. Ludlam, nor by any other.
Bureau of PaedologyWestern Academy of Homoeopathy. —The fol¬
lowing papers are under promise for next annual session: Diseased
Breast Milk, by J. R. Haynes, M. D., Indianapolis, Ind.; The Insan¬
ity of Children, by J. Martine Kershaw, M. D., St. Louis, Mo.; Diph¬
theria, by A. S. Everett, M. D., Denver, Col.; Gastric Catarrh vs.
Gastritis, Acute and Chronic, by T. C. Duncan, M. D., Chicago, Ill.;
Diphtheria, by J. T. Boyd, M. D., St. Louis, Mo.; Enuresis, by W.
A. Edmonds, M. D., St. Louis, Mo. Respectfully,
W. A. Edmonds, M. D.,
Chairman of Bureau of Paedology.
Honors from the French Natum.— On the 23d of August last, M. Wad-
dington, the French minister of foreign affairs, addressed a letter to
Dr. A. B. De Villeneuve, of this city, to say that the Count d’ Abzac
had informed him, in confirmation of reports previously sent by M.
Bellagnet, acting consul at New Orleans, of the devotion shown by
Ihe doctor during the yellow fever epidemic of 1878. Designing to
recognize these services to the French people, he conferred upon the
talented young physician a gold medal. The medal was struck under
the direction of the department of foreign affairs, and lately
received by the donee. The medal is in gold and about the size of a
standard dollar. It is milled and reeded like a piece of money, apd
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[ April 1,
lias on the reverse the profile of the Goddess of Liberty, with an
inscription “ Republique Francaise.” On the face of the medal upon
the border may be read the words, “ Ministre des Affaires Etrangeres,”
and within, in a concentric circle, the words, “ Epidemic de Fievre
Jaune,” and below, “Nouvelle Orleans.” In the centre are the
words: A. M. Le Dr. de Villeneuve. Services rendus 1878.” The
medal is s spended fronl a brooch, with tri-color ribbons. Dr. De
Villeneuve is justly proud of this compliment from the French
government, and will preserve the medal as his proudest possession.
Contrarieties in Medicine.— “ Tifkins Thudd ” (the nom de plume of
an eminent Allopathic physician, if rumour tells the truth), writing
to the Isle of Wight Times , says: The system of Homoeopathy is very,
very far from perfect as a science, as there are amongst its practition¬
ers manv men of undoubted intelligence and skill, there are no doubt
facts observed which ought to be well considered and discussed. But
what happens? Why, the great guqs of thd profession —- because a
drug has been introduced by a Homoeopath — ignorantly decline to
recognize it, no matter who introduces it to their notice. I uphold,
sir, that there is no perfect system in medicine. All are most defec¬
tive, and therefore our professors, if they desire to be true to them¬
selves and to science, should be careful to examine into every authen¬
ticated fact, and if it be found useful or available, to adopt it, no mat¬
ter whence its source. But I am sorry to say that the bigotry which
exists in the medical profession is a bar to the advancement of medi¬
cal science. Should a man be honest enough to express dissent from
the stereotyped teachings of the big-wigs he is at once tabooed. An
Allopath will not meet a Homoeopath in consultation, although per¬
haps the latter, so far as scholarly and professional knowledge may
avail, is infinitely better and more enlightened than the former. I do
not myself, sir, incline absolutely to the practice of Homoeopathy,
although 1 feel convinced that there is much of great value in the
system, but I grieve to say that the medical journals, in their con¬
temptible bigotry, decline to publish even facts well authenticated,
unless said facts are quite within the correct mode of practice. Thus
many a valuable hint is lost. A few weeks ago a] doctor observed
some remarkable effects produced on a child apparently dying by the
administration of a certain medicine. The case was so interesting
that he sent it to one of the medical papers, in whose columns an
immense amount of so-called sanitary twaddle is gravely inserted
every week. Unfortunately for future cases of the kind, the drug used
was originally introduced by the Homoeopaths so that most enlight¬
ened and liberal paper declined to insert it. What wonder, therefore,
is there that such articles as u Medical Contrarieties” are written to
make doctors ridiculous, when they have so much bigotry in their
minds.— Public Opinion, England.
[Thudd’s will get a dose of Jalap the first thing he knows if he does
not let “ bigwigs ” alone in their bigotry.]
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THE
UNITED STATES
Medical Investigator.
A SEMIMONTHLY JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE.
New Series. Vol. XI., No. 8.—APRIL 15, 1880.— Whole No.2fi0.
Materia Medica Department.
NOTES ON CAKICA PAPAYA.
PAPAYA ITS SINGULAR PROPERTIES.
I send you a very interesting letter from an intelligent and edu¬
cated layman in Jamaica. The tree he alludes to is not the “ paw¬
paw ” of the United States, so well known in Ohio, Indiana, whose
edible fruit is so delicious to some palates, resembling a rich cus¬
tard. The name of our pawpaw is Asimira triloba” of which
there is a brief proving in Vol. X., Allen’s Encyclopedia Materia
Medica, observed by W. H. Taylor, M. D., on some children who ate
the unripe fruit. The symptoms were fever, sore throat and a scarlet
•eruption on the skin, and an obstinate diarrhea.
In Volume XV., page 167, of the North American Journal of Homoe¬
opathy , can be found an article from my pen on the “ singular proper¬
ties of Papaya vulgaris ,” which is probably the same tree mentioned
in the following letter. I got much of my information from “Nutall’s
American Flora.” There ought to De some medicinal use made of
/this tree it its alleged wonderful properties should be proven to
exist by carefully conducted experiments. There is reason to fear.
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Notes on Carica Papaya.
[April 15 t -
however, that the reputation of this tree, like that of the " Uphas’’
of Asia and East Indies may prove to be mere fable.
It is to be hoped that Mr. Reinke may personally verify the extra¬
ordinary statements which he makes. Science demands something
more than the “ universal belief ” of the masses. If I receive the
tincture in good condition I will distribute it to any physician who
may wish to make provings, or test its virtues in impotence, as sug¬
gested by the author of the letter. E. M. Hale.
the juice of the common pawpaw, (Carica papaya?)
1. Makes tough meat (if rubbed on) tender, in a few minutes.
2. It destroys virility. (The 30th ought to cure impotency). 3. It
dissolves worms into pulp. 4. Is said to dissolve the false mem¬
brane in diphtheria. 5. Is said to cure warts (at least makes them
sore). 6. Is probably curative for marasmus, and waste of muscu¬
lar tissue.
REMARKS BY A. S. MONRO, OF GEORGETOWN.
1. Take the healthiest horse and tie him to a pawpaw tree, no
matter what the length of the rope, and he rapidly loses his health
his power soon fails, and if a stud horse, he is rendered useless. One
of these trees adjoining a large stable'will render all the horses
unhealthy. Its action on other animals, as far as I am informed, is
precisely similar.
2. It softens steel. The old mechanics in the colony (before tem¬
pering by the forge was so well understood) used to drive their brit¬
tle chisels and plane irons into the pawpaw tree, and after a day or
two extracted them, and found them to answer ail the purposes of
their calling.*
3. With regard to tough meat, it is only necessary to wrap up your
meat, of whatever kind, in a leaf of this tree, for a few minutes. Or
if the tree is near, and the leaves high up, as is sometimes the case,
drive a nail into' the tree, and harg up your meat for a few minutes.
As an article of commerce, under this particular head, the juice
would be the only exportable part.
4. Children show a great partiality toward the seeds of the ripe
fruit. It is an excellent vermifuge. All the seeds contained in an
ordinary sized fruit (it is often as large as a very small pumpkin) if
perfectly ripe and soit, will not harm a child four or five years old.
•It is also a well known fact that steel driven Into the Quercus alba (White oak)
t ree will soon soften. Rn .
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Experience with Remedies in the Tropics .
297
Its anthelmintic properties are more rapid in their effects if the fruit
instead of being plucked, to ripen in the house, is left to ripen on the
tree.
ANOTHER EXTRACT.
Dr. Bouchut has ascertained that it dissolves the false membrane
which obstruct the throat ot a patient suffering from croup. Thia
substance is used in Brazil to give tenderness to very fresh meat.
Intestinal worms plunged into a solution of it are soon reduced to a
pulpy consistency. The famous savant Wurtz has analyzed Dr.
Bouchut’s new remedy, for the terrible malady which robbed Queen
Victoria last winter of her most interesting daughter, the Princess
Alice. E. E. Reinke.
EXPERIENCE WITH REMEDIES IN THE TROPICS .
Fairfield, Island of Jamaica, West Indies, Feb. 4,1880.
Dr. Hale.— Dear Sir: I who write this am a clergyman, the
superintendent of eighteen churches belonging to the mission of the
1 Moravians,’ on this island, and an American. I am well versed in
Homoeopathic therapeutics and practice a good deal as an amateur,
though I have no time for provings. In common with many others,
I admire and appreciate your labors with the “ new remedieswe
are particularly indebted to you for the light you have thrown on the
primary and secondary action of drugs. Here in the tropics it is
well illustrated by the action of the lower and higher dilutions of
Podophyllin and Leptandra . For the “ torpid liver ” so common here
the first decimal, or the pure tincture are capital; for dysenteries, the
30th. May I take the liberty to remark that for diseases based on a
psoric diathesis, the 30th (and higher) attenuations are alone calcu¬
lated. In many cases if given morning and evening for five days,
and a strict diet observed, the dose should not be repeated under six
months, and sometimes not under twelve. Only in this way has it
been possible for me to make some splendid cures in chronic cases,
cataract, ovarian dropsy, rickets, etc. Ordinarily I find the lower
potencies best for acute cases, but your law of cure must be observed
as e. < 7 ., Nux and Calabar bean . Some do not observe that the primary
action of certain remedies is like the secondary action of others, and
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Undertakers ’ Supplies.
[April 15,
the potency must be regulated accordingly. The subject is not yet
quite cleared up; I trust you may be able to remove the remaining
difficulties. But my object in sending this letter to you, though a
stranger, is, to say, that by this mail I take the liberty to send you,
for proving, a vial of the tincture of the common pawpaw of the
tropics. It has some extraordinary properties, as per paper enclosed.
I prepared it myself from the juice of the unripe (half grown) fruit
which contains most of the juice. I dare say that the leaves and
roots would have the same properties. It has a most extraordinary
property— universally known by intelligent people here—of mak¬
ing tender the toughest muscular fibre. I send it to you principally
for two reasons: First, its effect on muscular fibre; second, its
destruction of virility. If you find it worth while to report on it,
I should be glad of a copy per post of the periodical in which your
article is inserted. Yours truly,
E. E. Brinks.
UNDERTAKERS' SUPPLIES.
RECEIPTS NOT FOR PROMOTION OF LONGEVITY.
Bourbon Whisky.— Take a forty-gallon cask and to about seventeen
gallons alcohol add twenty-five gallons of soft or distilled water, and
two and one-half ounces Bourbon Essence (made from corn, rye and
Fusil oil) one drop of Green oil. Oil of Grapes= $2.00 to $2.25 per pound;
cut well in alcohol; one and one-half pint of white syrup, about
three ounces coloring or burned sugar; mix well and ’tisdone. Or
another way is for forty gallons take five gallons of good high flavored
Bourbon and balance of proof spirits and color, add syrup to give
smoothness and age.
Rye.— Same as above in strength; one and one-half ounce of
Essence Rye, one pint of syrup; mix.
Common Whisky— Reduce alcohol to thirty below proof, add one
drop Green oil and color. Gin, alcohol, or spirits as above three
ounces, one pint of syrup; mix well.
Jamaica Rum.— Spirits as above, three ounces of Jamaica Essence,
color dark, one quart of white syrup.
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Poisoning by Carbolic Acid.
299
8t. Croix Bum.— Same as Jamaica, only not color. Cognac Brandy .
Good pale. For forty gallons take two gallons genuine, balance
pure proof spirits, one-sixth of one ounce Green oil, one quart of
syrup, throw in one pound of raisins; color and mix.
Corn Brandy.— Forty gallon cask, reduce spirits to twenty below,
three ounces of Brandy Essence, and one and one-half pint of syrup ;
color dark and mix.
Tom or London Qin same as Hollond in proportions, only use Tom
Gin Essence and make very sweet.
All other liquors are made in a similar way, but judgment must be
exercised, of course, in mixing, as oils, essences, etc., are not always
of the same strength ; would say in addition that more or less of the
genuine in mixing is a great improvement, and that the necessary
• qualifications for a good mixer is to be a good “ head taster.”
R. S.
POISONING BY CARBOLIC ACID.
' Translated from Bui. de la Soc. Med., Nov. 187W, by J. M. Strong, M. D., Allegheny
Pa.
This patient, aged forty-one years, entered the hospital suffering
from a narrowing of the rectum, evidently of syphilitic origin. The
general health was good; there was no marked visceral lesion;
nothing to contra-indicate ^n operation. After a few days interval,
she was operated upon by the linear rectotomy method, habitually by
M. Verneuil.
Guided by his views upon the wounds of cavities, he administered
an injection of Carbolic acid for the purpose of disinfecting the trau¬
matic irritation, which he had created; only a portion of the jnjection
was returned. He hoped, by means of a sound extending into the
rectum, to obtain a slow and gradual drainage of the antiseptic
liquid which he had injected, and prevent any putrid absorption with
the rectal wound.
The patient had passed easily into the stage of anaesthesia, rallied
readily, answered questions addressed to her, and when placed in bed
soon fell asleep. One hour after the operation a second injection
-according to directions, was administered, of which but a part was
(returned. At this moment the patient presented a very singular
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Poisoning by Carbolic Acid .
[April 15^
state of somnolence, from which no excitation was able to arouse her.
Towards two o’clock of the afternoon interne in charge, found her
pulseless, the eye dull and sunken, no respiration; so that on first
view he thought her dead. As he had no precise knowledge of this
patient, he thought of Chloroform accidents, and used all the means
employed in these cases, and as strong injections, artificial respiration,
faradization of the diaphragm. These endeavors were not fruitless,
for the respiratory movements returned, the pulse became percepti¬
ble, and at the end of an hour the patient became conscious, and was
seized with vomiting which brought temporary relief. But at 4 p. m.,
she relapsed into the same syncopal stage, from which all efforts to*
arouse her were unavailing. At 6 p.m., she was in an almost com¬
plete comatose condition, interrupted only by inarticulate cries, and*
some convulsive movements of the diaphragm. The face was pal*-
and extremely cold, temperature 95° 1', pulse rapid, almost imper¬
ceptible, respiration irregular, interrupted by the diaphragmatic
spasms already mentioned.
A subcutaneous injection of Ether was given at hazard, in order
to combat the collapse and coldness of the surface, which the patient
presented; I tried every means to restore warmth, and prescribed a
potion of Acetate of Ammonia , of which she could only swallow a few
drops. In a few minutes bilious greenish vomiting began, which
were several times repeated, and were followed by marked ameliora¬
tion ; at 8 P. m., she could reply to questions addressed to her. The
temperature was 96° 7', respiration fuller and nearly at its normal
rythm. Nevertheless the condition of the patient did not relieve me
of anxiety during the night, on account of the persistent bilious
vomiting, and the extreme weakness. On the morrow, however, the
amelioration was more marked. The vomiting had not entirely
ceased, but was less frequent, the pulse was 85, and the temperature
99° 5'.
M. Verneuil in analysing the different symptoms which we have
mentioned, dismissed at once the idea of Chloroform as a cause, since
this has a very different appearance; he attributed the appearance of
these grave phenomena to the absorption of the Carbolic acid by the
mucous membrane of the rectum ; and indeed the special conditions
in the midst of which this poisoning took place, justified this diagno¬
sis. The idea of a peritonitis from perforation, which the nature of
the operation, and the character of the symptoms, had given rise to
in our minds, could no longer be sustained, in the presence of tlia
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1880.]
Poisoning by Carbolic Acid .
30T
absolute negative abdominal signs, and the evident amelioration
which the patient presented. It was evident that a part of the Car¬
bolic injections, which had been administered to the patient, instead
of escaping slowly, had been absorbed and had thus produced the
phenomena of poisoning. A still further proof w&s afforded, by the-
brown coloration, characteristic of the presence of Carbolic acid which
appeared in the urine.
On the following days improvement continued, with the exception,
of an eruption of pemphigus on the hands, face and ears, which did
not seem to be a necessary result of this proving. The local condition
of the wound had been good and the consequent fever very light.
This case is of interest, since it shows that Carbolic acid , employed
even in small doses, is far from being an inoffensive agent, and that
its employment should be withheld in certain cases. In looking over
for the purpose of determining this point, the authentic observations
published up to this date, and comparing on the one hand the results-
obtained experimentally by Messrs. Lemaire, Bert and Jolyet; and
on the other hand, the poisoning, arising from the ingestion, properly
so-called of this substance; we are convinced that the accidents pro¬
duced by the surgical use of Carbolic acid are real, but that they are
produced under circumstances and with clinical aspects entirely
different.
Relative to the mode of introduction of this substance into the
body, it is necessary to consider separately: First, the so-called
exposed wounds; second, lesions of serous or mucous cavities, or
accidental lesions; third, the respiratory mucous membrane.
The first are very seldom the cause of these attacks, and unless
the wound is very large, the absorption of Carbolic acid is not active
enough to produce the phenomena of poisoning; the only symptom
which we frequently notice in these cases, is the melanuria, the prog¬
nostic signification of which, has not yet been determined.
On the contrary, it is in the lesions of serous and mucous cavities
and in consequence of uterine or vesical injections, and in the wash¬
ings of fistulous tracts and the cavities of large abscesses, that these
accidents present their greatest frequency and exceptional severity.
As to the respiratory mucous membrane, the following experi¬
ment by M. Duret, would seem to demonstrate, contrary to the
experience of Lemaire, that Carbolic acid can be absorbed even to the.
point of producing toxic effects.
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Poisoning by Carbolic Acid .
[April 15,
While assisting M. Tarnier at an ovariotomy at Saltpetriere, M.
Duret had been exposed for an hour and a half to Carbolic acid
vapors, thrown with great force from an apparatus. At the end of
the operation he had been suddenly seized with intense cephalalgia
with a sensation of squeezing through all the head, nausea, inappe¬
tency. These phenomena continued all night together with an
inability for mental labor. Not being subject to migrane, he had
already experienced the same symptoms from a preceding operation
made under similar conditions, and he was led to attribute it to the
absorption of the Carbolic acid by the respiratory mucous membranes.
There is nothing to oppose this hypothesis, for in a number of cases
in which the accidents have arisen undoubtedly from the external
application of the Carbolic acid , the same morbid phenomena have
been observed.
As to the dose necessary to produce these toxic effects, it varies
according to the individuals, and especially according to the age and
sex of the patients. In the case of which I have spoken, the quan¬
tity of acid absorbed was about oue gramme (15 grs.); while among
infants, twelve centigrammes (1.70 grs.) are at times sufficient to pro¬
duce the poisoning; men present a very considerable resistance to the
influence of the poison. I will give briefly the most frequent forms
of this poisoning.
The first grave acute form is that of which we have just had an
example; it is characterized by a tendency to collapse, or by a com¬
plete coma, sometimes with convulsions, and finally by vomiting.
The second acute form but lighter consists only of the phenomena
of drunkenness, very evanescent. Finally there is a chronic form
which has but lately been noticed by Wolkmann and Sonnenburg,
and which properly speaking is not a true poisoning, but is developed
from the intolerance due to the too prolonged usage of the acid, and
is characterized by the fever, nausea, headache, a tendency to
adynamia and melanuria. All of these symptoms disappear on the
cessation of the dressings, and reappear as soon as they are reapplied.
Notwithstanding the authority of these authors, and the exactness of
the facts which they present, we believe they should be accepted with
some reserve, until they are confirmed by new observations.
In closing we would note the happy influence which the sub¬
cutaneous injections of Ether had to combat the collapse, which had
resisted all the other means employed. It is evident that a more
inoffensive antiseptic agent ought to be substituted in place of the
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1880.J
Sinapis Alba Characteristics .
80S:
acid , such as a dilute solution of Chloral , as M. Vemeuil did in this
case. We would not conclude from the preceding facts, that this
substance should be banished from surgical practice, but that it
ought to be used with caution when applied to lesions of surfaces.
(La France Medical).
ARSENI ATE OF GOLD.
Dr. D. S. Oliphant of Toronto, Canada, writes to Dr. E. M. Hale,
concerning his use of this remedy as follows:
“ I have found this remedy to be invaluable in catarrhal headache ,
caused by occlusion of the frontal sinuses, especially when caused by
chronic catarrh. The agony is relieved very shortly, and a cure soon
follows. I use the 6th decimal trituration, three grains in four table¬
spoonfuls of water; a spoonful four times a day. It is especially
useful in chronic catarrhal conditions when there is a syphilitic
taint.”
Dr. Hale reports that he has found it useful in some seven cases of
chronic gastritis, when there is red, cracked tongue, great thirst, hot
vomiting of drink and food, very soon after they are swallowed. He
advises it in cancer of the stomach or pylorus, or ulceration of the
stomach.
SIN APIS ALBA CHARACTERISTICS.
Disagreeable burning in the pharynx , extending through the oesophagus
to the stomach . Burning in the msophagus, with accumulation of
water in the mouth, compelling much spitting; worse after a meal.
Violent heartburn. Very acute bruised pain, even on slight pressure
in the pit of the stomach, just beneath the ensiform cartilage. Very
violent burning in the pit of the stomach . Pit of the stomach painful.
These symptoms produced by Sinupis alba , being numbers 33, 41,
58, part of 87, 91, and 98, Allen’s Materia Medica, I have relieved so
often with this remedy that I consider them very strong indications
for its use. In several cases there were also present ulcers on the
tongue, intense burning in the mouth extending into the oesophagus
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304
Clinical Observations.
[April 15,
and stomach. Some cases were very bad —even the mildest food
•causing great distress of a burning, smarting character. These
eymptoms are often found in chronic inflammation of the stomach,
where this drug does good work. I use the 2x trituration.
A. L. Fisher.
Therapeutical Department
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS .
REPORTS FROM THE FIELD OF PRACTICE.
New Albany, Ind., March 26.— No specially prevailing diseases.
Some hooping cough. Phosphorus is still the remedy.
A. McNeil.
Harlan, Iowa, March 26.—Prevailing diseases are scarlet fever;
treated forty-nine cases in less than three weeks; just starting all
recovered but one, which was attacked with violent vomiting and
severest form of tetanus, died in a few hours. Remedies indicated :
Bell., Lach ., Arum trip., Opium, Baptisia, Ars. from 3x to 200x.
Cartlich & Peterson.
Newton, Mass., March 29.—I have not lost a patient under twelve
years of age since November 1878, and but one (aged thirteen of
heart disease) in 1879 under thirty-six, and only one (typhoid fever)
in 1880, (aged nineteen), of 375 patients. I have had cases of almost
all kinds of sickness this winter ; not much diphtheria, and that
mostly catarrhal. Have used for diphtheria, chiefly, Baptisia 1st,
Biniodide of Mercury 1st dilution, (made by putting the crude in
alcohol) and Max. cyanide, Lach., Apis, Bell, occasionally. No gargle
and no external application generally. Edwin P. Scales.
Freeport, Ill., March 26.—Prevailing diseases are: Measles,
pneumonia, rheumatism and diphtheria, with a very few cases of
scarlet fever. Remedies used: In measles Gels, and Puls.; pneu¬
monia, Aconite, Bry., or Ipecac; rheumatism, Rhus or Bry diph¬
theria, Phytolacca, Lachesis, Apis, Arum trip., Carbolic acid 3x and
Mercury protoiodide; scarlet fever, Rhus tox. and BeU. I believe
-there is no remedy in the materia medica that will so surely prevent
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305
1880.J Experience with Rheumatism.
the much dreaded sequel® of diphtheria (paralyses) as the proper use
of Lachesis. J. H. B.
Wilkesbarre, Pa., March 28.—Pneumonia, scarlatina, measles,
infantile and articular rheumatism, typho-malarial fevers, catarrhal
■colds and bronchial complications, are the prevailing diseases for the
past two months. Veratrum vir ., Bdl, Bry., lihus , Oels ., Chclone
<jlab ., Ars. jod. and Lyc. have been the indicated remedies; Rhus tox.
Sx proving itself a specific remedy in several cases of infantile
rheumatism, while Chelone glabra tincture invariably clears up the
malarial cases where the patient has formerly been drugged with
'Quinine and frequently cures the patient without other medicine.
J. Arthur Bullard.
Newton, Kansas, March 31.—We are just now having an exten¬
sive epidemic of measles; although there are no malignant cases,
one or two have died from improper treatment, through errors in diag¬
nosis, by a certain “ Regular,” who treated one case for several days
for pneumonia, report says, even after the eruption came out, would
not admit that it was measles. I have had several cases complicated
with pneumonia, one with croup. Remedies, Bryonia 3x, Verat. vir.
tincture. Bell. 3x, as indicated. For croupy symptoms Bromium 6x,
or Spongia 3x prompt recoveries so far. In March 15th number of
The Investigator, page 224, twenty-third line from top, should
read Cim . 3x instead of Cin.; and in next paragraph, same page,
.after the words Sulpho-Carbolate of Soda” should read, tk and in all
the arguments against its use,” instead of, and all the, etc.
S. A. Newhall.
EXPERIENCE WITH RHEUMATISM.
February 24. Called six miles in the country to see a Swede man
who has been sick four or five days. I found a thin, spare man, with
very high fever, pulse full and bounding, 120 to the minute, with
great restlessness, still could hardly move on account of the pains
which be described as everywhere, with almost incessant cough and
great pain in left lung. Prescribed Aconite 100,000, one dose dry
immediately and Sac lac.; and if no better in ten hours, Rhus tox.
100 , 000 , one dose was left, and promised to call again on 26th, but
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806
Experience with Rheumatism.
[ArRiL 15,
owning to other engagements, was not able to do more than send him*
medicine on that day, and as the boy said it was very painful for him
to move, I sent one dose of Bry. 100,000.
On the 28th of February I made him a visit and found him laboring
under a curious compound of symptoms, and it really was quite a
question as to the indicated remedy. His form of disease had evolved'
itself into a most complete attack of articular rheumatism, with a.
tendency to heart. Pulse 110, but at times it would sink and then
rise again. Every joint on the fingers and toes was greatly swollen , and
the larger joints were not so much swelled as very painful to least
touch or motion , neither lying still nor motion seemed to relieve. Couldn’t
put out the tongue as it caught under the teeth . Tongue was coated
dark brown with bright red tip. Great pain in left lung and couldn't
lie on left side. Wanted to cough but couldn’t for pain. Urine very
thick and smelled badly, still free urination and no great pain in
region of kidneys. Had weak, faint spells very often, must be raised
up and fanned, or have the door opened , and these symptoms were
worse after each sleep. Delirium and stupid and seemed to be sinking.
In fact everything I could see pointed to Sulph. and equally so to
Lach. After due consideration, gaye him one dose of Suiph. 100,000
dry, and left one dose of Lachesis 10,000,000 to be taken at expiration
of twenty-four honrs if he was not better.
March 2. Found him considerably better; had taken the Lachesis.
Was relieved and could move his right foot and left hand without
help. His right hand was greatly swollen and very painful, also left
foot. Pain in lungs nearly gone. Had felt no better from first dose,
but fell asleep right after second, and slept twelve hours, and sweat
profusely a warm, stinking sweat which had continued at intervals to
date. Still he felt worse after every sleep , and his tongue looked more
bright red and would catch under front teeth. Gave him one powder of
four pills Lachesis 10,000,000 to be dissolved in six teaspoonfuls of
water. Dose, one teaspoonful night and morning and Sac. lac.
March 4. Found him sitting up talking and laughing, all the joints
nearly able for duty. Pain in lungs gone. Bowels which had been
costive had moved naturally. Urine clear and free from stink ; quite
natural *, appetite returning. Could use his tongue without catching
it on teeth, and in every respect convalescent. After cautioning him
as to diet and exposure to drafts, prescribed Sac. lac. and left him;
this was the last call.
Yesterday, March 8, he sent in a man to know if he could go out
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1880.1
A Trxal Case for Testing the Vision.
807
doors as he felt perfectly well and able to work. Advised him to
wait a few days longer. I have used the 30th and 3d potencies in
such cases many times and never saw any such results as this in so
very bad a case as his, nay, rather they would linger and linger and
linger till I got tired and sick of Homoeopathy as to rheumatic
troubles of any kind, but that is all changed now and I find it is very
amenable to pure Hahnemannian Homoeopathy.
Whitehall, Mich. G. H. Carr.
A TRIAL CASE FOR TESTING THE VISION.
INTENDED FOR THE GENERAL PRACTITIONER.
This trial case was designed by Drs. D. B. St. John Roosa and
Edward T. Ely, especially to meet the demand of physicians in gen¬
eral practice, to enable them to test the vision of any patient, to make
Fig. l
a careful diagnosis of some of the more common optical defects so
often met with, and give them the power to shield their patients,
to a degree, from the baleful influences of the ordinary country ven¬
der of spectacles.
It will be particulary useful to the family physician in the examina-
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A Trial Cast for Testing the Vision . [April 16 ,
tion of patients, who, without external evidence of disease, still com¬
plain of their eyes, and enable him to put them upon the road to proper
treatment. It is the duty of every physician to urge upon his patients
the proper care of their eyes, and thus to do his share toward mitiga¬
ting a large amount of suffering and loss of usefulness due to neglect.
Specially important is it, that the vision of young children in fam¬
ilies and schools should be tested in reference to myopia. If an early
diagnosis of this defect can be made, and the subject brought under
proper treatment, progressive short-sightedness and all its attendant
miseries can be largely prevented.
It is confidently believed that this case will, in the majority of
instances, meet all the necessary requirements.
Figure 1 shows complete case.
It contaius thirty-six pairs spherical trial glasses, convex and con-
cave (eighteen pairs each); they are numbered from 5 to 60, which is
nearly as large a range as is to be found in much more expensive peases.
A frame for holding the trial glasses, in which the glasses are held
firmly while in use, but can be easily changed, enabling the examiner
to make any desired combination. _
There is also a set of Jaeger’s test-types for near and distant vision,
and some general directions for use.
FlO. 2.
Figure 2 shows frame with glasses in place.
Messrs. Meyrowitz Brothers, have carried out the wishes ofIDrs.
Roosa and Ely in regard to this case. And, although the case is not
intended to take the place of any now used by specialists, it is thought
suitable for fulfiling the purposes already indicated, and that a more
ambitious plan would render it less generally useful. It is offered to
the profession at the low price of $12.00 so as to be within the reach of
all.
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1880. J Modifying Influences of Epidemic on Therapeutics.
800
MODIFYING INFLUENCES OF EPIDEMIC ON THER¬
APEUTICS.
The epidemic may be modified to a certain extent by endemic
influence.
“When the plague first broke out in the Indian army in Egypt, the
cases sent from the crowded hospitals of the 61st and 88th regiments
were, from the commencement attended with the typhoid or low
symptoms. Those which were sent from the Bengal battalion, when
the army was encamped near the marsh El Hammed, were all of the
intermittent or remittent type. The cases which occurred in the cold
rainy months of December and January had much of the inflamma¬
tory diathesis; and in the end of the season, at Cairo, Rhiza, Boulac,
and in crossing the isthmus of Suez, the disease wore the form of a
mild continued fever.” (Sir J. M’Gregor, Cyclopaedia of Practical
Medicine, Vol. II, p. 69.)
Dr. Bush tells us that in Philadelphia, when the yellow fever
appeared in 1798, “ the frequent absence of a yellow color lead to mis¬
takes which cost the city several hundred lives ” (Ibid.) “We must
carefully distinguish what may depend upon endemic influence; e.g .,
Nux vom. was, at a certain time, indicated for all toothache cases in
Leipzig, while Puls, was indicated in the cases in Lausitz and Coecu-
lus in Basle, and that in more than ninety per cent, of the patients”
(N. A. Journal of Homoeopathy Vol. I F, v. 302.)
In 1874, whooping cough prevailed severely in San Francisco, Calc.
and Verati-um was the epidemic remedy; while at Chattanooga,
Tenn., at the same time, it was promptly arrested by Ipecac. (Drs. G.
M. Pease and D. G. Curtis, Medical Investigator, Vol. XI, pp. 516-
517.
In 1873, when Memphis was being visited by cholera, then inflam¬
matory dysentery, then yellow fever and malarial fever, Philadel¬
phia’s chief diseases were cholera infantum and morbus (severe,) then
dysentery, and then intermittent typhus fever. New York reported
Veratrum diarrhoeas and Carbo veg. colics, closing the season with
Baptisia typhoids; while Chicago reported severe Veratrum cholera
morbus and infantum cases, then dysentery, and then typhoid (Med¬
ical Investigator, Yol. X.) The type of the remedies indicated was,
however, about the same.
THE CHANGING NATURE OF EPIDEMICS.
The fact that has impressed careful observers mere than any other, is
the varying character of all the epidemic diseases. Sydenham, who
lived during the frequent epidemics of plague, says: “lam con¬
vinced that epidemic diseases differ from one another like the North
and South and that the remedy which would cure a patient at the
beginning of a year, will kill him, perhaps, at the close. Again, that
when, once, by good fortune, I have hit upon the true and proper
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810 Modifying Influences of Epidemics on Therapeutics. [April 16,
line of practice that this or that fever requires, I can (with the assist¬
ance of the Almighty) by taking aim in the same direction, generally
succeed in my results. This lasts until the form of the fever epidemic
becomes extinct and until a fresh one sets in. Then I am again in a
quandary and am puzzled to think how I can give relief.” (Sharp’s
Essay on Medicine, p. 23.)
The same changing character has been observed in the different
epidemics of cholera. In one epidemic, one class of symptoms have
been prominent while, in another, they have been less prominent.
Hahnemann, who lived during the vacillating period between the
plague and cholera epidemics, noticed this changing nature in the
lesser epidemics of remittent, intermittent, typhus fevers, etc. But
he soon found he had remedies by which to name and to cure them.
“When jEgidi visited Hahnemann in Marcti 1813 in Kothen, Hahne¬
mann remarked to him : “ You will have to treat a number of cases
of intermittent fever on the Rhine; please observe whether there,
also, as it does here, Natrum mur. corresponds to the epidemic con¬
stitution, and let me know it. If we regard the genius epidemicus
we accompJish more quickly and with less trouble the desired end
even in acute diseases, which usually are only efflorentia of the three
chronic ailments.’ JEgidi found it so. In one case, however, the
paroxysms came back again, although Natrum had relieved for a
while. Hahnemann, being consulted, advised Carbo veg. 20, because
this remedy had corresponded to the last year’s epidemic constitution,
and the relapse in the case might be considered merely as a continu¬
ation of the same. It cured at once. In another case, where the
intermittent paroxysms, one every eight days, had continued for two
and a half years, with swelling of the spleen and liver, and oedema of
the extremities, Hahnemann advised Cantharis 30, because, two and
a half years ago this remedy had been very efficient against the epi¬
demic constitution which prevailed then, and also because Cantharis
has the eight day type of the paroxysms. Cantharis broke the parox¬
ysms ; the remaining difficulties were cured by other remedies. Dr.
Stuler, in Berlin, collected likewise observations on the effects of
Sepia and Sptgdia as epidemic remedies, and all this was done ten
years before Rademacher’s 1 Erfahrungs Heillehre’ was published.”
(Internationale Horn. Press, Vol . II, p. 95.)
Hering says: “ Intermittents appear nearly every year in a differ¬
ent form. One year Arsenicum, another Belladonna, or Antimonium
crud., or Spigelia, Aconite in alternation with Ipecac , Nux vom., Ammon .
mur., Natrum mur.. Opium, Cina alone or in alteration with Capsicum,
or Capsicum alone, Menyanthes, Calcarea, Pulsatilla , Carbo animalis
or veg. Arnica alone or in alternation with Ipecacuanha, etc., curing
the fever in a few days.” (North American Journal of Horn., Vol. Ill,
p. 308.) In 1870 Dr. J. W. Hawkes, in Deleware, found Natium mur.
indicated in three-fourths of the cases, while next year it was called
for only a few times. In January 1871, Dr. C. Lippe of New York,
writes: “ The epidemic (intermittent fever) was cured this year in
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1880.] Modifying Influence of Epidemics on Therapeutics.
311
the most of the cases by Arnica. (North American Journal oj Hom. %
February , 1872.)
In no disease perhaps is this change in the genius epidemicus more,
apparent, from year to year, than in whooping cough. Hartmann
truly says: 44 Every epidemic of whooping cough is more or less dis¬
tinguished from those which preceded it and has, therefore, to be
treated in accordance with its own characteristic symptoms. This is
probably, the reason why Hahnemann’s specific Drosera has not pro¬
duced equally fine effects in all cases” (Diseases of Children, p. 357.)
In 1850 Corralltum rub. was the whooping cough remedy in Detroit,
Indianapolis, etc., (Drs. T. F. Pomeroy, W. Eggert, etc., in Med.
Invest.) In 1874 Drosera was the epidemic remedy in Lewiston, HI.
(Dr. Stillman, Med. Invest., Vol. XI, p. 59) and in Oregon (Dr. W.E.
Jones, U. S. Med. Invest., New iSeries , Vol. II, p. 102.) In April 1875,
Kali carb.i in powder, was the whooping cough remedy in Hacken¬
sack, N. J., (Dr. A. P. Macomber, U. S. Med. Invest., Vol., I, p. 375.)
The same changing character is also noticed in epidemics of
influenza. But as these are forerunners of the lesser and greater
epidemics they must necessarily be varied. In no disease perhaps
has this changing nature been more confusing than in scarlet fever
epidemics. Repeated failures have demonstrated that Belladonna is
not always the specifie. Dr. Lippe says: 41 The older practitioners
will well remember what an important remedy Ammon, carb. was in
the scarlet fever epidemic of 1840. Later, the same disease often
yielded to Capsicum and in turn to Nitric act'd or Lycopodium , and in
later years to Arum trif. or Apts mel. % etc.” (Med. Invest., Vol. X.
p. 171.)
In the winter of 1874 and 1875, BelladonncC was the epidemic remedy
in Tidioute, Pa., and especially in an epidemic of influenza in March.
In April, a severe epidemic of scarlet fever broke out, in which Bell-
adonna proved a valuable prophylactic, but not so satisfactory as a
remedy, as dropsical sequelae followed some of the cases. (U. S. Med.
Invest., Vol. I, p. 374.)
About the same time, this disease prevailed at Utica, N. Y., com¬
plicated with cerebro-spinal meningitis and diphtheria. Dr. L. B.
Wells, who proved Apts in 1850, detected its application to certain of
the cases attended with a sense of suffocation, 44 as if they could never
breath again,” and he adds: 44 Apts has been a better remedy in
scarlet fever than Belladonna.” From the reports from various
places, where the disease has been prevalent, it is noteworthy, that
when Belladonna has been given, Rhus, Mercunus or Apts, had also
been needed to complete the cure. In September, Dr. C. C. Smith, of
Philadelphia, reported great success with Apts, having no sequel®,
and no deaths. In New Albany, and in the fall months, intermit-
tents were complicated with the angina, and subsequently Dr.
McNeil reported Apis to be the chief remedy. The fall and winter of
1875 and 1876 being a hydrogenoid (wet) one, Apts was also found to be
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312
Some Experience.
[April 15,
the chief remedy in the scarlet fever epidemic in Louisville, Ky.
The physicians there avoided cold water and did not lose a case. (U.
S. Med. Invest., Vols. I, II, and III.)
(To be continued.)
SOME EXPERIEN CE.
When I commenced to practice medicine, it was with very strong
prejudice in favor of the lowest three or four attenuations, and when
I saw now and then in The Investigator a sarcasm aimed at the
high “ delusionists,” I smiled as lowly as—one of the Milwaukee
Academy, for instance. But I soon observed that in their reports
the high potency men generally exhibited a superior knowledge of
our materia medica, and their reports were the more valuable in that
they almost invariably prescribed but a single remedy. At length
I procured a few rememedies, Auo;, Sulph. and Rhus , in the 30th,
intending to experiment a little as I had opportunity.
Case I. S. S., strong built man, fanner, had lame back of seven
or eight years standing, received Rhus tox. low, and at first seemed a
little better, but finally stated that he did not experience any rel ef.
As he had given it a lair trial I was 41 up a stump,” for I was certain
that Rhus was the remedy. I happened to think of my Rhus 30, so I
gave him a vial of it, and when he reported it was with the startling
announcement that he 44 never had any medicine do him so much
good in his lifea complete cure was the result. To my unsophisti¬
cated mind, this looked like positive evidence, yet I was afraid to
repeat the experiment when there was anything at stake, ». e., in
acute cases, or when patient belonged to one of the 44 first families
and thinking that such extra shots were not made very often, con¬
siderable time elapsed before I had case two.
Case II. While attending a case of acute disease, my attention
was called to a girl of fifteen years, who had been much troubled
with 44 diphtheria,” which was burned out by one of our scientific
gents, without, however, preventing frequent attacks of sore throat.
8he had also a swelling of the thyroid gland that was very sensitive to
the touch, so that her dressmaker had numerous exhortations to care¬
fulness. I gave her one dose of Lachesis 200, with the result that not
long after the sensitiveness was relieved, and subsequently the swel¬
ling disappeared.
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1180 .] Some Experience. 818
Cask III. I indulged in the extravagance of a high potency pocket
case and shortly after prescribed for case three, a case of toothache,
that had annoyed for three weeks, night and day. Four doses of
C ham. 200 at first aggravated, and then cured.
Case IV. A woman, sore mouth, had Merc., Sulpk., Calc., in turn
without relief. Then noticed that the corners of her mouth appeared
to be ulcerated. JSatrum mur. HO cured promptly.
The logic of these and other like cases caused my unbelief to relax
a little; now I usually prescribe the 30th or 200th in chronic cases
and occasionally in acute diseases, although I must confess to a
lingering fear that in dangerous cases the high potency may not be
“ strong enough.” This is doubtless, partly because of the old skep¬
ticism that stubbornly refuses to be dislodged, and partly because I
am conscious that I have not a perfect knowledge of the symptoma¬
tology. Bv the way, isn’t this latter the reason why some of our
“ low ” friends so vehemently oppose the “ bottle-washing ” business?
For I have heard a professor say that he “ was never very good in
materia medica.” To the beginning physician who is, as I was,
skeptical, I write this experience, and Naamans would do well to
take counsel of their servants: u My father, if the prophet had bid
thee do some great thing, would’st thou not have done it ? how much
rather then, when he saith to thee, wash and be clean ?” But when
the claims of able, honest men are set aside with an u impossible,” I
answer, Bonaparte said that “ impossible was the adjective of fools.”
“ Behold, ye despisers, and wonder, and perish; for I work a work
in your day that ye will in no wise believe, though a man declare it
unto you.”
Case V. Mrs. P., about thirty-five, amiable disposition, came to
me from a distance to be cured of a tumor of the breast that had
given her much uneasiness for a year or so. In fact, I had prescribed
several times for an obscure pain in her breast, three or four years
before, with partial success. She had tried various remedies, and
becoming discouraged, she left the church of her choice and went
over to the “Latter Day Saints,” who had created considerable
excitement in her neighborhood by claiming to cure all manner of
diseases by the laying on of hands. Failing of relief there, her dis¬
tress took (the form of religious delusion; she had sinned away her
day of grace, and despaired of salvation. Her former pastor and
friends tried to reassure her, but all in vain. At times her mental
distress was terrible, she lost all regard for her family, and every-
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Some Experience.
[April. 1 a
thing else, was continually going from house to house, and the hus¬
band became convinced that he would be obliged to send her to the
State Insanse Asylum, as she could not be trusted alone, talking
of suicide, and desiring her husband to shoot her. October 24,1878,
I prescribed for her, but though she tried the medicine faithfully for
a month, was not in the least benefitted, and went home. During
the winter I heard now and then that she was growing worse. One
day it occurred to me to read up her case again. I sent March 3,
1879, three doses of Sulphur 200 and Placebos for two weeks more,
directing them to report when they were finished, at the same time,
sending a few powders of Puls . 30, telling them not to use them
without orders. While taking the Sulphur she felt much worse and
wished to discontinue, but kept on with the blanks, in a few days
felt better than she had done in three months, and not receiving my
letter she took the Puls . A complete cure resulted in a short time
the tumor, menstrual difficulties, and mental troubles having entirely
disappeared.
Case VI. About a month ago, Mrs. W., large, fleshy, sensible
looking lady came to me with this history: When nine years of age,
had an eruption on her head cured by external applications, but
some years after ulcers broke out on her leg; took Kennedy’s Dis¬
covery with benefit as she then thought, as hitherto she had had
“ lumps swell in her neck.” The ulceration healed. Five years ago
her last child was born, lochia stopped and she came near dying.
Has not been well since. Two years ago had terrible mental distress
without any assignable cause. Felt as if some dire calamity were
impending; as if she might lose her reason; would sit as if watching
for some one; forgetful; things looked strange ; did not want to be
spoken to. About a year ago began to have weak, faint spells, which
would last half a day if she attempted to perform her household
duties. Her hands and feet were sometimes bloated, upper lip would
suddenly swell, and her face would be swelled for three weeks;
urine some times dark and scanty, occasional pain in liver. A short
time ago, ulcers broke out on leg, and after being scientifically
treated for two weeks, meanwhile becoming worse and ulceration
threatening in the other leg, she came to me. The aforesaid mental
symptoms had been present from the first attack though in a some¬
what less degree. Gave Sulphur 200, three doses, and blanks.
Returned in two weeks to say that for a few days she felt much
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I860.]
Weather Proving and Disease Tendency .
816
worse, then improvement set in and she did not think any more
medicine was needed. The ulcers were healed, and she was in every
way greatly improved. A. F. Randall.
WEATHER PROVING AND DISEASE TENDENCY .
BY BUSHROD W. JAMES, A. M., M. D., PHILADELPHIA, PA.
Meteorological summary for January, 1880, by G. C. Smith, S. S.
Corps, U. S. A.: Highest barometer, 30.714 (29th). Lowest barom¬
eter, 29.559 (20th). Average barometer, 30.190. Monthly range of
barometer, 1.155 inches. Highest temperature, 63 (28th). Lowest
temperature, 19 (14th). Average temperature, 41.7. Monthly range
of tempo rat uae, 44. Greatest daily range of temperature, 23 (22d).
Least daily range of temperature, 7 (7th). Mean of maximum tem¬
perature, 48.6. Mean of minimum temperatures, 33.5. Mean daily
range of temperature, 15.1. Mean relative humidity, 55.0. Total
rainfall or melted snow, 1.51 inches. Prevailing direction of wind,
northeast. Maximum velocity of winds, 32 (W. 20th to 21st). Total
movement of wind, 6,678 miles. Number of foggy days, 2. Number
of clear days, 4. Number of fair days, 20. Number of cloudy days
on which rain or snow fell, 5. Number of cloudy days on which no
rain or snow fell, 2. Total number of days on which rain or snow
fell, 12. Frost or freezing temperature occurred on 12 days. About
2 inches of snow fell during the month.
COMPARATIVE TEMPERATURE.
January,
1875,
1876,
1877,
1878,
1879,
1880,
26.1 inches.
37.7 “
28.4 “
32.7 “
29.9 “
41.7 “
Average for
six years.
COMPARATIVE PRECIPITATION.
January,
1875,
2.83 inches.
1876,
1.52 “
it
1877,
2.62 "
Average for
•k
1878,
3.94 “
six years.
kk
1879,
2.78 “
kk
1880,
1.51 “
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316
Weather Proving and Disease Tendency . [April 16,
DI8EA8B TENDENCY.
During January, the average temperature has been high for a
winter month in this latitude, and the average rainfall and snow
greatly below the average for years past, while high winds were
absent, the highest being eighteen miles on the 13th. As a conse¬
quence I believe that the scarlet fever and -diphtheria have been less
severe in type. In my own observation of these two diseases, I have
found them worse in damp, chilly, cold and suddenly variable months
and especially if much wind prevails.
Patients who ride out in open vehicles or sit by an open window in
damp, windy weather, are apt to become affected with a sore throat
with whitepatches on the tonsils, and posterior part of the pharynx,
a new or modified form of disease, upon which I have written a
paper, calling attention to its characteristics and peculiarities. At
the beginning of the month heart diseases were peculiarly trouble¬
some, and rheumatism, bronchial catarrh, laryngitis and haemorrhages
were the main features.
Dyspepsia as a consequence of the Christmas holiday dissipations
was very common among all classes, as might be anticipated from
the custom of over loading the stomach and eating large quantities
of condiment and indigestible articles of food. Headache, gas-
tralgia, enteralgia and depression of spirits were the concomitants.
Then succeeded febrile attacks, congestion of spinal and cerebral
meninges, neuralgia and debility. Variola appeared the latter part
of November (after an absence of several years) in a few cases that
were discovered in the northeast part of the city near the shipping of
the Delaware front. How it was introduced no one seems to know,
though it is generally attributed to old rags for paper making, old
clothes, etc. The people, however, generally had themselves revacci¬
nated, and the disease has kept from extending to any degree, and is
rapidly waning. Nasal and pharyngeal catarrhs have been unusually
prevalent. There was some typhoid tendency, while bilious, splenic,
and gastric derangements continued throughout the month, and
nausea and vomiting were very general attendants. During the latter
part of the month, epistaxis, pneumonia, pleurisy, neuralgia, head¬
ache, diarrhoea, sore throat, rheumatism, paralysis, remittent and
malarial fevers have been the main tendencies. Chicken pox, scarla¬
tina, diphtheria, measles, mumps and hooping cough have prevailed
in a mild form, and have been confirmed by several medical observers
of the city.
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1880.]
Weather Proving and Disease Tendency.
817
WEATHER PROVNG FOR FEBRUARY.
Meteorological summary by C. C. Smith, Signal Service Corps, U.
S. A.: Highest barometer, 30.637 (8th). Lowest barometer, 29.163
(80th). Average barometer, .30.120. Monthly range of temperature,
29.163. Highest temperat ur e , - 67 ffirth) .^- Lowest temperature, 12
(20th). Average temperature, 39.1. Monthly range of temperature,
56. Greatest daily range of temperature, 24 (25th). Least daily
range of temperature, 6 (15th). Mean daily range of temperature,
17.3. Mean relative humidity, 68.4. Total rainfall or melted snow,
2.43 inches. Prevailing direction of wind, northwest and west. Maxi¬
mum velocity of winds and 48 miles from northeast to northwest (3d
and 23d). Total movement of wind 8,255 miles. Number of foggy
days, none. Number of clear days, 10. Number of fair days, 12.
Number of cloudy days on which rain or snow fell, 6. Number of
cloudy days on which no rain or snow fell, 1. Total number of days
on which rain or snow fell, 10. Frost occurred on 18 days.
COMPARATIVE TEMPERATURE.
February,
u
tl
tl
COMPARATIVE PRECIPITATION.
February,
«k
ti
«t
it
DISEA8E TENDENCY.
5.03 inches.
lS “ Yv 6 /v^ 0r )2.23.
2 19 u five years. j
2.4S “
34.0 inches.
36.9 “
36.6 “
29.9 “
39.1 “
Average for)
five years, f 36 * 8 *
Bronchial catarrh, rheumatism, typhoid fever, neuralgia, heart dis¬
eases, spinal congestions and pulmonary diseases have been the most
prominent during the month. At the beginning we had also some
sore throat, glandular swellings especially about the neck, dental
abscess, odontalgia and cephalalgia, croup and epistaxis. Then
nervous debility, neuralgic pains in different parts of the body and
aches and pains in right iliac region and above the ilium itself, hepatic
derangements, jaundice, general and local hydrops were marked con¬
ditions. Then diarrhoea with burning stools followed, heart diseases
were aggravated, and many aged people succumbed without apparent
cause.
Towards the close, apoplexy and paralysis were very noticeable
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Experience with Sulpho-Carbolate of Soda . [April 15,
tendencies, also wakeful nights. Nervous people were more restless
and excitable than usual. It closed with tendencies to diphtheritic
catarrhal and spinal forms of disease.
EXPERIENCE WITH SULPHO-CARBOLATE OF SODA .
On page 221, March 1880 of The United States Medical Inves¬
tigator, I was somewhat interested in reading the criticisms of Dr.
8. A. Newhall on Dr. W. H. Burt’s treatment of a reported fatal case
of diphtheria.
The doctors remarks on Phytolacca dec., I feel are pert and true and
I think its merits are fully recognized by Dr. Burt and by the profes¬
sion at large. Why Dr. B. did not give Phytolacca in the case, are
reasons best known to himself. I have no doubt that it seems to Dr.
Newhall. hundreds of miles away, and after the patient is dead and
buried that Phytolacca would have been the best affiliated remedy, and
it may be the best thing to do to give busy men such reminders, but
our friend Dr. Newhall shows his own position as a clear prescriber
by lugging in the Sulpho-carbolate of Soda as an intercurrent remedy
without a pathogenetic symptom to indicate its use, and in giving
“ Bell., Kali bich ., Ars. and Capsicum, alternately, regardless of it p«
223. I would like to ask the doctor what kind of hash this is ? The
doctor asks why such men as Small, Hall, Burt, and Talcott, and
others do not sanction the use of Sulpho-carbolate of Soda , and recom¬
mend it to the practitioners throughout the country, young and old.
For myself I would answer, some two years since I published my
opinion on, and experience with this much lauded antiseptic com¬
pound. In the first place we have never had any pathogenesis of this
remedy and it has never been prescribed by any one to my knowl¬
edge except on an antiseptic basis and this basis, founded on a suppo¬
sition that the remedy entered the circulation to antagonize some
morbific influence there. Chemists who have examined the action of
the gastric and other fluids of the body, upon this compound, say that
a chemical change does take place before it can enter the blood. It is
doubtless true that the remedy may have been given, just as the
Chlorate of Lime , Carbolic acid pure are given, and the patients recover
but this does not substantiate the fact that the recovery was due to
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1880.J
Experience with Diphtheria .
319
rthe Sulpho-carbolate of Soda. I do not question what others may have
done, but my experience has been unfortunate and unsatisfactory. I
have tried it in seventy-five cases of various grades of diphtheritis,
laryngitis stridula, tonsilitis, scarlatina and erysipelas, and the only
benefit gained from my own observation is the fact that in diphthe¬
ritis it seemed to prolong the stage of exudation, and in scarlatina
materially delayed the appearance of the eruption. I know from my
own experience it is not what it was supposed and hoped it would be,
sure prophylaxis against scarlatina and diphtheritis.
I have yet to learn of one well authenticated case of diphtheria or
scarlatina of an aggravated type that has recovered under the use of
Sulpho-carbolate of Soda alone, nor do I believe that it performs in
any sense the measures assigned to it. My opinion is not the hasty
conclusion arrived at by the observation of the .treatment of otherss
but by my own experience. This remedy was first published in our
Allopathic works, and like other compounds it was at first thought
would prove a panacea for all forms of zymotic diseases. It was
taken up by some able members of our profession. It was brought
into public notice at a time when great excitement prevailed
throughout the land in regard to the mortality of scarlatina. It was
tried by a majority of our practitioners, whose experience remains to
this date unwritten, unless it be in the fact that it is not mentioned in
the list of curative or prophylactic remedies, and that at the present
time is not mentioned or used by so few, is sufficient evidence of its
real merits. My high regard for my esteemed and beloved brother,
Dr. G. D. Beebe, not only a classmate, but also a warm professions
friend, induced me to try it. Had it come from a less authentic
source, I should have treated it with the same silence I give to many
compounds ot the present day.
Chicago. G. A. Hall.
EXPERIENCE WITH DIPHTHERIA.
Dr. Newhall’s article in The Investigator of March 15th, inter¬
ested me so much that I felt inclined to drop a word of encourage¬
ment to any physician who had therapeutically treated diphtheria
from the “ law of similia,” and thus arrest the pathological condition,
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320
Our Life Insurance Company.
[April, 16,
which must result, in the “croupous diphtheria ” or some sequel®^
which bring a[ fatal result, sooner or later. Why [not nip the septic
poison m the first stage of the disease, and thus avoid every or any
sequel® that might follow. I have found some forms of the /Sodiums
the best anti-septic, and since Dr. Beebe first called the attention of
physicians to his formula of Sulpho-carbolate of Soda, have used it
with results that have always been favorable, and have used it with¬
out regard to any other remedy indicated. I have found Lachesis the
remedy indicated, when the patient, complained of sharp, lancin¬
ating pains, a dose or two, relieved very soon. Indicated remedies,
as the “ similia ” is what we want in diphtheria. Dr. Newhall’s expe¬
rience, and the remedies used are almost identical with my own.
Oakland, Cal. Mrs. Dr. M. D. Wilson.
CUE LIFE IN SUM A ACE COMPANY.
[From various sources we have received inquiries concerning our
Homoeopathic Life Insurance Company. These we forwarded to
President Kellogg who kindly consents to tell us all about it.— Ed.]
Yours of March 31st is received, in which you propound to me sev¬
eral questions touching the history, growth and present condition of
Homoeopathic Life Insurance, which 1 will endeavor to answer
plainly and briefly. You ask :
1. How many Homoeopathic Life Companies are now in existence f
Our New York Company is now the only one in the United States
or in the world. It was chartered in April, 1868, and consequently is
just twelve years old. It has safely passed through all the perils of
dentition and the diseases of infancy, has been examined ” several
times by a parental government, and pronounced sound, and now,
like a sturdy boy just entering his ’teens, gives good promise of a
vigorous manhood or a long life.
2. What were the causes of the suspension of the other Homoeopathic
Companies?
This question doubtless refers to the fate of ‘Hahnemann’ and
* Atlantic ’ Life Insurance Companies. But so many other ‘ regular 9
companies have also come to grief during the past few years, that
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1880. J
Our Life Insurance Company.
821
the same general causes must have more or less affected all; causes
begotten by a period of great inflation, the natural results of which
were wreck and failure, intensified by six continuous years of “ hard
times.” But of one thing I am satisfied by personal investigation,
and that is, that the 1 Hahnemann ’ and k Atlantic’ were not obliged
to suspend, by reason of excessive mortality among their risks; That
was not the special cause of their failure, as was the case with some
companies I could mention. The Homoeopathic principle, on which
they started, was not at fault; but, according to their own state¬
ments, their failure was largely due to the lack of active co-operation
on the part of the Homoeopathic profession. I have heard the officers
of both companies complain, repeatedly and bitterly, of the apathy
of our physicians. They had counted upon a support and backing
which they did not receive. Therefore, they say after sinking over
$200,000 each in the endeavor to build up a company which should
demonstrate the advantages of Homoeopathic treatment by showing
greater longevity of its patrons, they abandoned the effort because
the profession, as a whole, held aloof and gave them no support.
This was the principal reason which they assigned for their lack of
success; and they warned me that the “Homoeopathic Mutual”
would receive the same lukewarm treatment at the hands of our
practitioners — and judging by my experience, I may say here, that
they were no false prophets, and that there is a great lack of esprit de
corps in our ranks. There are some noble exceptions, who are inter¬
ested in everything Homoeopathic, and who have heartily backed up
this one company; but the bulk of our brethren need to see some
direct pecuniary benefit to themselves, before they can be induced to
act. And those of them, who did interest themselves in aiding the
‘Hahnemann’ and ‘Atlantic,’ felt themselves so aggrieved and
injured, and with justice too, by the conduct and outcome of those
companies, that they have since held aloof from all co-operation with
this company. This class comprises many of the best men in the
profession, and it is their confidence which I desire especially to win;
and of them I would ask, whether the “ Homoeopathic Mutual,”
which has thus far fulfilled all its obligations promptly and to the
letter, which to-day has a surplus of $100,000 making the security of
its policies undoubted and ample, which has passed through these
six years of unexampled financial and business depression, and come
out even stronger than before, which has been so carefully and
economically conducted as to live through an ordeal which destroyed
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A Portion of Bronchial Tube Coughed Up. [April 15,
every other one of the twenty Life Companies which started out con¬
temporaneously with ours, in the “ flush times ” of 1868, which has
collected and published Homoeopathic statistics from every reliable
source, and freely distributed them for the propagation of our prac¬
tice and the benefit of our practitioners, is not such a company, with
such a record and history worthy of your earnest and cordial support?
If we have been able to do so much, with less than 10 per cent, of the
profession to aid us, how much more may we not do, if they all rally
around us ? This company would be like a “ city on a hillit would
loom up before the world, a standing monument of the truth and
vitality of our system of medicine. Thus much, Mr. Editor, for the
present. In my next, I will answer two or three more of your queries.
E. M. Kellogg, M. D.
A PORTION OF BRONCHIAL TUBE COUGHED UP.
BY DR. F. C. ECKLEMAN, ELKHART, IND.
Edward P., aged thirty-five called at office November 18,1879, for a
h®morrhage occurring on the street; at patient’s residence November
24, for another attack of the bleeding, very profuse, gave Gallic add
and Erqot; recurred every three to six days to December 25th which
was the last, at which time he coughed up a portion of bronchial tube
five inches long, with a bifurcation three or four inches from larger
end, each tube shortly dividing into numerous smaller ones, some not
larger than a cambric needle, free from lung tissue, but with a few
bronchial glands adherent.
Died January 7, 1880. Autopsy conducted by Dr. C. S. Frink,
assisted by Drs. Eckleman, Work, Pratt, Neal and Fisher. The left
lung was found adherent in places, the apex studded with tuberculous
masses and hepatized ; lower portion and back of the lung discolored
by hypostatic congestion, other portions normal. Right lung. Some
very firm adhesions, one surrounding an opening from a cavity in
apex; cavity was about three inches across, irregular in shape, and
showed quite plainly how a mass of lung tissue or a portion of bron¬
chus may be separated and coughed up. Such a mass containing por¬
tions of bronchi was found where the surrounding substance had
broken up leaving it isolated except by a very small attachment. The
Digitized by ^ooQie
1880.]
Pulte Medical College .
82S
cavity was surrounded by hepatized lung, filled with tuberculous
matter. Nearly the whole of the right lung was involved.
The stomach was distended and had the appearance of being some¬
what dilated and the coats thinned. Intestines, liver, kidneys and
spleen healthy. The heart, auricles, ventricles and aortic and
mitral valves normal, the pulmonary vein and pulmonary artery each
contain a firm clot, about six inches long. (The specimen of bron¬
chial tube coughed up, and microscopic specimens of the lung tissue
may be seen at Dr. Frink’s office.)
College News.
PULTE MEDICAL COLLEGE COMMENCEMENT.
The eighth annual commencement of Pulte Medical College was
held March 4th. The order of exercises was as follows: Prayer by
Rev. C. W. Wendte. Address by Rev. C. W. Wendte.
Mr. John P. Epply, president of the board, in a few neat words,
presented the trustees prizes, as follows: First prize, $65 in gold, C.
A. Oliver ; second prize, $60 in gold, Wm. C. Hastings.
Prof. J. D. Buck presented the faculty prizes in the order named, to
C. A. Oliver, W. L. Lusk and J. W. Means. The first special prize
offered by Professor J. D. Buck, for best notes and examination in
physiology, one copy of Foster’s Physiology, was awarded to the young
lady student, an undergraduate, Miss Stella Hunt, of Mt. Adams, Cin¬
cinnati. The third special prize, offered by Professor T. P. Wilson, for
the best notes on Theory and Practice, one copy each of Dunham’s
4 Therapeutics,” and 44 Materia Medica,” was awarded to W. L. Lusk.
The fourth special prize, offered by Professor Wm. Owens, for the
best report of his Clinical Lectures, one copy of Aitken’s Science and
Practice of Medicine, was won by M. R. French. The sixth special
prize, offered by Professor D. W. Hartshorn, for best examination in
operative surgery, one pocket case of instruments to J. A. Utter.
The seventh special prize, offered by Medical Advance Publishing
Company, for best report of ten clinical cases, cash $10, was awarded
to J. W. Means. A special prize for the best notes on intermittent
fever, offered by Professor T. P. Wilson, was won by J. A. Utter.
Digitized by
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824
Commencement of Chicago Homoeopathic College . [April 15,
The degrees were conferred by Mr. J. P. Epply, on the following
graduates:
J. Andrews, Geneva, Ohio; N. H. Bailey. Jackson, Mich.; R. 8.
Brigham, Cincinnati, Ohio; B. I. Barbee, Giove City, Ohio; J. T.
Ellis, Springboro, Ohio; W. H. Enos, Marine, Ill.; M. R. French,
Cincinnati, Ohio; A. J. Hammer, Shannondale, Ohio; T. A. Ham.
mond, Nunda, N. Y.; Wm. C.. Hastings, Pennville, Ind.; M. D.
Heath, Pa.; L. M. Kimball, N. H.; O. C. Link, Ind.; O. Lang,Detroit,
Mich.; W. L. Lusk, Battle Creek, Mich.; J. W. Means, Covode, Pa.;
C. A. Oliver, Santa Barbara, Cal.; S. J. Randall, Hartford, Wis.; F.
D. Sargent, Denver, Col.; J. A. Utter, Ind.; A. H. Vance, Spring-
field, Ohio; J. B. Wise, Minneapolis, Ohio.
After the commencement a banquet was held, which was highly
enjoyed.
THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE CHICAGO HOMOEO¬
PATHIC COLLEGE .
The commencement exercises of the Chicago Homoeopathic Col¬
lege were held in Hershey Music Hall, Tuesday evening, March 80.
There was a large audience present. Neven’s band discoursed fine
music. After prayer by Rev. Mr. Breeze, the president, J. S. Mitch¬
ell, M. D., delivered the annual address. The college year just clos¬
ing had been a most prosperous one. The college building had been
enlarged and refitted. The course had been graded, the instruction
given had been very thorough, and the attainments of the classes
commendable; 666 didactic lectures had been delivered 286 clinics
held. Fifty-two exercises in the microscopic laboratory, and twenty-
six in the chemical had been conducted, and some fifty lessons in prac¬
tical anatomy given, total 1090 college exercises. Each member of the
graduating class had in addition attended one or more cases of
obstetrics. The course was actually graded, the lectures to the differ¬
ent classes being given separately. This method is only possible
with a full corps of professors and the introduction of careful system
in the plan of instruction.
Prof. E. M. Hale delivered the valedictory which was catholic in
spirit, and of great value to those entering the profession of medicine.
A very interesting address on behalf of the class, then followed by
Digitized by ^ooQie
1880 .] Tour Around the College World . 825
Henry Sherry, M. D. The following candidates having passed care¬
ful written examinations were found eminently worthy the degree:
Robt. F. Adams, Wm. A. Bryd, Mary B. Bridges, Susan E. Bruce,
H. E. Colvin, Robt. H. Curtis, Jas. T. Dicks, Clyde E. Ehinger, Byron
C. Elms, B. Louise Heegard, Ezra Hoover, Isabella T. Hotchkiss,
George C. Howlette, May Ogden, Henry Sherry, C. Dawson Smith,
W. M. Stearns, Homer K. Winne, E. T. Woodworth, J. E. Bickley,
M. D., adeundum.
After the exercises the faculty students and alumni with invited
friends to the number of 150 repaired to the Palmer House where an
elegant banquet was served. Speeches and music made a most
enjoyable time, which was prolonged to a late hour. .
The spring class is the largest in the history of the college, and the
prospects for the next session, very flattering.
TOVR AROUND THE COLLEGE WORLD .
CHICAGO HOMCBOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE.
This is the eleventh and last college we can visit this season. We
have looked into the faces of over 1000 Homoeopathic students, and
can say that the coming generation of physicians, will, we believe, be a
credit to our school.
All of our colleges have been called into existence for some appar¬
ent good reason. The first was to teach Homoeopathy, the others to
meet the local demand, and the branches of state institutions, because
we demanded equal justice; but neither of these called the Chicago
Homoeopathic Medical College into being. In every college (and
throughout the profession), there are two classes. One that believes in
“ giving the fellows a good start in the shortest time, and then send¬
ing them out to work out their own success ” or failure, while the
other believes that college work cannot be too thorough, and are dis¬
gusted when they have advised three full years, and find their students
whisked through two short mixed courses. The desire to have large
classes and to be “ popular with the students ” are the two elements
that incline to “ slide them through easy. 9 ’ We know many profes¬
sors who quietly resigned rather than put their names to the diplomas
of those whom they knew were not competent to have the care of
human lives. But it is not often that this sort of protest takes
measures to remedy the evil by making provision for more thorough
work. In 1870 in Chicago the American Institute gave expression to
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m
Tour Bound the College World.
[April 15,
the quite general desire for “ more thorough education ” in clear
unequivocal language. In 1877 we find a college here organized on*
the basis of more thorough education. To accomplish this, courses
must be graded and the time extended.
We were curious to see its practical working as fully adopted this
year. The classes we found composed of about eighty very intellegent
ladies and gentlemen. Two lectures go on simultaneously, except
during the clinic hours, and every moment is utilized. The practi¬
cal advantages of a thorough chemical and microscopic drill we were
curious to see. The following valuable analysis of urine made by one
of the junior class, was handed us:
Color, pale; odor, offensive; specific gravity, 1022; appearance,
turbid; reaction, alkaline; solids, 48.4; water, 951.6; albumen, none;
sugar, small amount, (added to the specimen as a catch); blood,
absent. Deposits: Urates, present; uric acid, absent; phosphates,
present; chlorides present; pus, absent; grains urea per .pint, 220.
Normal urine. We were particularly pleased with this result, from
the fact that we had just witnessed an exciting contest, between four
Homoeopaths with an equal number of Allopaths, over an urinary
analysis. The Homoeopaths came out ahead.
Prof. Mitchell we found busy pointing out the differential features
of the chest diseases and their remedies, particularly of phthisis,
bronchitis and asthma. A mass of clinical material was utilized.
One case with neither cough, expectoration nor pain, came for examin¬
ation. A brother had died from consumption, but the only thing
found was diminished chest capacity, with some emaciation from
worry and hard work. Chest exercise and nutrition were the remedies
prescribed. We learned that Prof. Mitchell has a work on Diseases of
the Lungs and their Homoeopathic treatment under way, which will
fill a most important place in our libraries.
This college is centrally located and has extensive clinical advan¬
tages. Adjacent to the operating rooms are wards for patients. Piles
are here cured without operations, and gonorrhoea without injections.
The treatment is successful, being purely Homoeopathic. Prof. Adams
in his forthcoming work on Diseases of the Urinary Organs, will tell
us all about it. As a microscopist, surgeon and prescriber we do not
know of any one better qualified to give us a good work. Those
interested in this college conduct three flourishing dispensaries which
givei the finest opportunity to study the specialties. The clinic on
skin diseases is particularly rich, and Prof. Kippax bps epitomised
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1880.]
Consultation Department .
827
his experience in a practical Handbook on Diseases of the Skin, which
we shall give to the profession shortly. It will supply a great need.
Prof. Mitchell assured us that although the graded course would
give them a smaller graduating class this year, still the outlook was
most flattering. The students, we learned, were enthusiastic in their
admiration of the graded course, for they learned more, and easier,
than in the short mixed course.
Of the comparative merits of the two systems of instructions, as at
present adopted, more anon. Quill.
Consultation Department.
dr. j. flbtchrr’s case.
I advise Borax 3x and Berberris v. 3x, alternating monthly (com¬
mencing with the Borax) using the remedies higher each month.
D. A. H.
FOR DR. G. H. BECK’S CASE.
I should give Psorinum cm. (S. Swan’s) for one month, and alter¬
nate with Lac caninum cm, (S. Swan’s.) Also consult hay, bran and
tan baths, either of these twice daily. D. A. H.
ANSWER TO CASE.
Dr. C. P.’s case for counsel, p. 237, March 15, The Investigator,
add to your already well selected group of remedies, Plantago lm, Lac
caninum lm, Area samoa tincture, Hepar sulphur 3x, and you will
cure your patient. D. A. H.
EXPERIENCE WITH PETROLEUM.
I would like to ask “ through the columns of The Investigator”
those of our brethren who have had experience with Petroleum in ang
form , to report cases, and what preparation used.
W. C. Latimer.
CASCARA IN CONSTIPATION.
In regard to Cascara saqrada, the result has been very satisfactory,
when given in fifteen drop doses of tincture repeated twice or three
times daily, but in smaller doses it produced no effect whatever.
Have been expecting to see reports from physicians on this subject.
D. S. More.
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Consultation Department .
[April 15 ,
CASE FOR COUNSEL.
S. M. t aged 11 fly-five, much emaciated, a distinct tumor in the
region of the greater curvature of the stomach. At a point about
opposite the oesophageal orifice; has been troubled with pain in the
stomach for a year or more, also pain in back on left side just below
the ribs, which often caused him to sit up at night to relieve. Six or
eight months ago cold drinks began to cause water-brash and parox¬
ysmal pain in the stomach. Also aggravated by eating, worse at
night. Accompanied by a diarrhoea, which was worse in the mom-
sing, for this some friend prescribed a teaspoonful of white mustard
seed three times a day; this checked the diarrhoea and the result was
most complete torpor, never moving without aid, seemingly no inclin¬
ation to stool. At the present time, the pain is present the greater
portion of the time, described as a twisting, drawing pain. Aggra¬
vated by eating or drinking, frequent water-brash, constant eructa¬
tions of wind, which he describes as hot like a heartburn. No
appetite. No thirst, disinclined to move about. Has had slight
cough and recently a sore tongue and throat, with an unnatural red¬
ness, but this has been relieved except there is yet some roughness
and ten demess in the region of Steno’s ducts. Cannot lie well on the
right side feels as though something was pulling from the left, in the
region of the swelling; does not hurt to ride on horseback, can sleep
well when the pain will permit; pain often worse at night, bowels
swell up as if full of wind, no appetite, and even to think of eating
sometimes brings on the pain. Will some one suggest relief.
Robert M. Weir.
WHEN TO USE THE FORCEPS.
“How shall I know when to use the forceps ? ” I hear a dozen
answering in chorus. One says never, another says twice in forty
years, another uses them at the mother’s request, without Chloroform
merely to shorten a normal labor. I have read The Medical Inves¬
tigator for ten years, but still need answers to the following ques¬
tions : Will not strong pains detach the placenta ? How shall we
know when this has occurred ? How much dependence can be placed
on the cessation of motion, in deciding the second question ?
I have had two cases in ten years where strong normal pains during
four to six hours failed to engage the head in the superior strait.
Chloroform , forceps, hard pull,‘delivery — cord not pulsating! (Am
not absolutely sure about the pulsations in the first case in 1870.)
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1880.J
Consultation Department .
Mother had felt no motion for two hours. In the recent case the
heart was beating feebly, and by artificial respiration could be made
to beat rapidly; but when these efforts were stopped the heart
gradually sunk away, to be again revived as before. Still no natural
breathing could be produced, and being obliged to go to the mother
for a moment, on my return the heart was still. And here let me say
to a recent writer I think in this journal, who said that blowing into
the mouth was useless as it inflated the bowels, that one can blow the
bowels full, and then fill the lungs besides. I apply a cloth to the
face, having a hole over the mouth, then apply my mouth over this
hole, while I press the body with one hand, and hold the nose with
the other.
But I want to know if any one can tell me what to do next time.
Had I used the forceps two hours earlier, the children might now live
to call me blessed—or the opposite. But how could I know V Guern¬
sey speaks, (first edition, page 481) of the child being asphyxiated by
the detachment of the placenta, in breech presentations, may it not
also occur in vertex cases, as in the two I have mentioned V
NUMBERING MEDICINES.
Vol. XI, page 131, speaks of l)r. Beckwith’s numbers to be placed
on patients’ packages, to enable the physician to know the remedy
without referring to his book, and to prevent mistakes. The plan is
good, but the execution is not. Witness his numerous fractions, and
ask him how to provide for the 500 remedies which he has not num¬
bered. I have used numbers for ten years, and my plan was to take
a book of gilt labels (on purple glazed paper,) having the names of
nearly 700 remedies, ten on a page. The number can be ascertained
by the page. I have but few fractions. His Aconite is 7, mine 22;
Merc . 60,419; Nux , 77,458; Veratrum, 108,633; etc. I also give the
potency: 22.3; 410 oo; 633 m; etc. Also when we do not want the
patients to compare figures, take the word fish-tackle, the letters to
represent numbers. The above remedies would then be indicated
thus: u. s.; hflco; ass.m; etc. The figures 700 to 799 inclusive indi¬
cate placebo, 800 is alcohol, 1000 is water, etc., ad lib .
ON BOOKKEEPING.
How that I am writing, let me mention a form of bookkeeping
which has given me great satisfaction. Size of Faulkner’s, paper thin
and tough, 200 or 250 pages, use number 5 pencil, very sharp. Ordin-
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Book Department .
[April 15,
ary column for date; two narrow ones, the first for visits, the second
for other prescriptions; one for charges; and the rest of the page
blank. Or, if preferred, one other column for name of patient. Make
entries at bedside, and have no posting. When sending bills the foot¬
ing of the narrow columns will show what the charges are for — as per
advice of Investigator, Vol. X, page 429. Draw one line across
page to indicate that the account has no further money value. Have
book for list of bills sent. Page from book to book, not beginning at
one with each new book. In front of book have pages for index
Also few pages ruled as in Faulkner’s, to mark each day’s visits
enough to refresh the memory. With a three-fourth inch carpenter’s
gauge cut places for thumb to open index. To open at visiting list,
cut off lower comer of leaves, cutting one more from time to time, as
the pages are filled. Thus the treatment is always before the physi¬
cian, there is space for symptoms, (in new cases write across the full
width of the page), and the account is kept without any posting.
O. B. Bird.
Book Department.
All books for review must be sent to the Publishers.
Functional Heart Troubles. By Charles Kelsey, M. D. A
paper read before the New York Clinical Society at the annual
meeting, April 25,1879.
This little pamphlet contains a record of seven cases of what the
author terms “ over action ” of the heart, but most of which were, in
reality, examples of cardiac debility with deficiency and irregularity
of action; in other words, palpitation. Following these are several
pages devoted to general remarks on the history and treatment. He
places great stress upon the necessity of so radical a change in the
manner of living as to entirely remove the cause. If this has been
too active a life, as doing the work of two or three men, or too much
business excitement, as when staking one’s all upon a single issue
and awaiting the result, these habits must be abandoned, and at least
a more reasonable course adopted. Concerning the curative action of
medicine, he seems to take altogether too gloomy a view. On page 9,
he says: “ I know of no affection in which the uselessness of trust¬
ing to drugs is more strongly marked. A physician may run through
the whole range of tonics, nervines, and anodynes, and see the
patient steadily grow worse under his hand.” Possibly the doctor
might be benefitted by a careful study of this subject from a Homeo¬
pathic standpoint. W. P. Armstrong.
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1880 .] Medical New. 181
Subgical Thbbapetxtics. By J. G. Gilchbi8T, M. D.; Third
edition. Chicago: Duncan Bros. Cloth, $4.00.
The new edition of Gilchrist’s Surgical Therapeutics is a very read¬
able book, and one that contains much of value to the practitioner
who attempts the surgeons specialty. Its design is to give indica¬
tions for remedies and their administration, to successfully combat
such cases as strictly belong to the domain of surgery, without
recourse to the knife. The author has displayed no little ingenuity
in the arrangement of the material he has industriously taken from
all reputable sources, thus giving a resume of the literature of the
subject as well as the results of his own study and experience.
It does not seem probable that all of the readers of his work will
endorse all that has been written. For instance, in speaking of the
treatment of bone diseases, both as to the potency of the remedy and
kind of disease, (page 266), the author concludes by saying: “By this
means 1 have cured cases of all varieties of diseases of the bones, as
given in the text, and any attempt to confirm or discredit my clinical
experience, must only be made with the same agents given in the
same manner.” Refering to the text, some of the variety of diseases
named as cured are, caries, necrosis, exostosis, osteo-sarcoma, etc.
The authors experience with the last named and dreaded disease
has been most happy— if he has cured even one case without resort to
operative skill. It is not that we wish to call in question the author’s
statement, but rather that we may require in such cases, so widely
differing from the experience of many authors, that the evidences of
diagnosis may be given that the disease is unmistakable, and the
anxious surgeon may with greater confidence rely upon the therapeu¬
tic measures than to feel that a mistake in defining the characteristic
of the disease had been made. We can commend the book to the
practitioner and student. G. A. Hall.
Medical News.
Dr. H. M. Previn has entered into partnership with Dr. E. Parsons,
of Kewanee, Ill.
Note Beady .—Infants and Children, Vol. I., second edition, is now
ready. Price in cloth, $3.50.
A Paedoloqxcal Convention.—It is proposed to hold a P&dological
Convention in Chicago, June 14.
Removal — Dr. A. A. Whipple from Cuba, N. Y. to Quincy, Ill.,
where he takes the place of Dr. Moore.
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Medical News,
[April 15,
The Illinois Homceopathie Medical Association will hold its twenty-
fifth annual meeting this year in Chicago, May 18, 19, and 20. Every
member should have something to present. A lively and interested
time is expected. •
The Headquarters of the Western Academy of Homoeopathy at Min¬
neapolis, June 1,2, and 3 will be the Nicollet House, $(2.00 per day).
Board at the St. James, $1.50 per day. An excursion to Lake Minne-
touka, the Saratoga of the west, will be tendered the delegates and
members. A. E. Higbee, M. D., will deliver the address of welcome.
A circular will soon be issued by the committee of arrangements
giving full particulars. C. H. Goodman, M. D., Gen. Sec’y.
The Homoeopathic Medical Society of the State of Kansas.—The
twelfth annual meeting of the Homoeopathic Medical Society
of the State of Kansas will be held at Lawrence, Kansas, beginning
Wednesday, May 5,1880. Reduced rates have been secured on all of
the leading railroads throughout the state. A large attendance and a
profitable session is anticipated. A cordial invitation is extended to
the members of the profession generally to be present with us at this
meeting, not only of our own state but those of sister states as well.
J. H. Moseley, Secretary.
Died.— Dr. John Moore, of Quincy, Ill. It is my sad duty to inform
you of the death of my husband, Dr. John Moore, which occurred on
the 22d of March. His health had been failing for more than a year,
but he did not give up business until the 23d of December.”
Respectfully, Mrs. E. V. Moore.
Mrs . Dr. Hoyt.—A. tribute of respect to the memory of a noble
woman. Mrs. Hoyt has passed away ; a good wife, a kind and affec¬
tionate mother, a charitable neighbor; a Christian lady has been
called from earth to the spirit land. I had the pleasure of meeting
Mrs. H. first in May, 1877, at Indianapolis, subsequently at her pleas¬
ant and happy home in Paris, Ill. I recall with extreme pleasure and
the most profound sorrow, the October, 1879, meeting of the Homoe¬
opathic Medical Society of the Wabash Valley. It was my good
fortune to be her guest, and well do I remember how royally she pre¬
sided over that sumptuous repast. Little did I then think that the
tearful wail of stricken ones should so soon be heard. She has gone;
faded away like a mist at eve; passed as it were into the viewless air %
into the land of shadows and dreams, but not forever; she will come
again, bearing upon her brow a diadem of immortal glory, robed in
spotless white, the habiliment of angels, and in her hand a palm, and
upon her forehead the ensign of redemption through the blood of
Christ.
Fierce spirit of the glass and scythe ; — what power
Can stay thee in thy silent course —,
Or melt thy iron he art to pity—
On, still on, thou pressest, and forever I
Geo. B. Sarchet, M. D., Rawlins, Wyo. Ter.
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THIS
UNITED STATES
Medical Investigator
A SEMIMONTHLY" JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE.
Nmo Series. Vol. XI., No. 9.—MAY 1, 1880.— Whole No. 261.
Society Proceedings.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NEW YORK CENTRAL HO MCE -
OPATHIC MEDICAL SOCIETY.
At the quarterly meeting in Syracuse, N. Y., March 19, A. D. 1880%
Dr. Boyce, the President, read the 3d paragraph of The Organon,
and said: This contains the meat of The Organon. There is sym¬
metry in The Organon. In the 3rd paragraph, Hahnemann has con¬
centrated the whole Organon. From the 3d to the 71st all is
explanatory. In the 71st paragraph three questions are raised: 1.
By what means shall the physician know disease V 2. How shall the
physician learn the powers of medicine ? 3. How shall he apply the
medicine so as to cure ? The subject of to-day is the second question:
How investigate the nature of the medical powers of drugs V
Dr. Wells—The Organon needs close and careful study. It will
bear it, and will reward it. An Old School physician was writing
upon the different forms of quackery, designating Homoeopathy as
the last and greatest form of quackery. A Homceopathist, (recently
deceased) advised him to read The Organon through once carefully;
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384
Society Proceedings.
[May 1,
and, then, to read it a second time; and, then, to read it a third time,
giving time to the reading. He read it, began to experiment, and is
now a member of this Society.
Dr. Nash—Is it true that all the morbid symptoms of a drug must
be known before using it to cure disease ? Dr. Guernsey says: When
we are guided by key-notes, we often cure symptoms which have not
appeared in provings. We must be guided mainly by our provings.
Dr. Boyce—Paragraph 110 calls up something. It is said cases of
poisoning cannot furnish symptoms to guide us to success in practice.
Our pathogeneses are obtained by provings from small doses.
Dr. Hawley—Yes, in some cases. Opium produces intense sopor
and stertorous breathing. These symptoms in a patient would
suggest Opium to a physician.
Dr. Stow—Septic poisons, like Arsenic, are quick acting and
destructive. A case may compare closely with the poisonous effects
of Arsenic structurally, and still be curable.
Dr. Jones—Characteristic symptoms of destructive action being
present in a case, the case never gets well.
Dr. Boyce—That is true in nearly all cases.
Dr. MacPherson—Is our Mateiia Medica made up chiefly of prov¬
ings, with potentized drugs? c. q ., in Sulphur , the mid-day aggrava¬
tion ? The general provings have been of crude drugs, nearly all.
Dr. Boyce—What becomes of provings from potentized drugs?
They are not to be overlooked. Carbo veg. has no symptoms till
carried to the 3d attenuation.
Dr. Hawley—Symptoms of poisoning are cured by potentized prep¬
arations of the same drug. We rely upon toxical symptoms with the
utmost confidence, even upon symptoms produced by fatal doses.
Dr. MacPherson—The greater number of drugs are proved in large
doses of the crude preparation.
Dr. Nash—Some claim that symptoms from poisonous doses are not
as valuable as provings from doses which do not overpower the
organism, and disable it from reacting. Hence, the value of the
provings of SUex and the like.
Dr. Brown—Would like to ask a question. Can we rely upon the
provings, when the provers are of different temperaments ? Some
remedies are polychrests, and they hardly ever fail to give provings
which confuse us. A dozen remedies may have similar symptoms,
and it is hard to decide which of the sets to apply. Half of our
provers are nervous and sick.
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1880.J
Society Proceeding a.
385
Dr. Boyce—One class of physicians claim that they do not use any
remedies except those whose symptoms are toxical. They refuse to
be guided by symptoms obtained from potentized drugs.
Dr. Nash—A symptom rarely excited is not to be undervalued. It
may be of great importance.
Dr. Brown —Opium may put me to sleep. My brother will be kept
awake; and the next day he will be crazy.
Dr. Boyce—Which would you throw out?
Dr. Brown—Neither. We must note idiosyneracy at the bedside,
and select medicine accordingly.
Dr. Stow—You will always meet with a train of symptoms belong¬
ing to the idiosyneracy.
Dr. Nash—In either case, the Opium sleep, or the Opium wakeful¬
ness will be unmistakable. The crude dose can be so graduated as to
produce the same effect in both men. In the case of a woman sus¬
ceptible to Belladonna , Belladonna was indicated. The 3d was given.
She recognized it. Then, one of Fincke’s potencies was exhibited.
Her headache ceased in half an hour. She did not detect the Bella -
donna in Fincke’s preparation.
Dr. Wells—A child was sick with pneumonia. Aconite 6 was given.
It produced aggravation. Aconite 30 worked like a charm.
Dr. Nash—In a case of typhoid fever, Baptisia cm was given. The
patient grew worse rapidly, to the extent of involuntary movements of
bladder and bowels, with stupor. Dropped to Baptisia 3. Patient
improved at once. Then changed to the 200th. In four days the
child sat up.
Dr. Hall—Would ask, does not paragraph 112 of The Organon say
you cannot get an aggravation from a low potency ?
Dr. Boyce—It speaks of provings, not of treatment.
Dr. Hawley—We may mistake one man for another, because not
well acquainted with the two men. So with drugs resembling each
other very closely.
Dr. Gwynn—A difficult case will call from six physicians as many
different suggestions of remedies, and the patient’s chance would be
one in six.
Dr. Boyce—I would not venture an opinion in a difficult case with¬
out consulting my books.
Dr. Wells offered the following resolutions:
Resolved , That we see in the not distant future the dawn of a
brighter day for true Homoeopathy.
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Society Proceedings.
[May 1
Resolved , That we hail with satisfaction the more elevated tone of
our Homoeopathic Medical Literature in sustaining the doctrine of
Hahnemann that the law of similars is the fundamental principle in
therapeutics. The resolutions were seconded by Dr. Nash and others.
Dr. Wells—There is an improvement in the tone of our journals.
It began at the last meeting of The American Institute of Homoe¬
opathy.
At the request of Dr. Wells, Dr. Stow read from The Medical
Advance , an editorial from the pen of T. P. Wilson, M. D., the Presi¬
dent of the Institute. The editorial is of like tenor with the reso¬
lutions.
Dr. Hawley called attention to non-Homceopathic advertisements
in the American Homoeopath. Dr. Stow pointed to similar advertise¬
ments in the Cincinnati Medical Advance , and said, the profession
should remonstrate with our editors, and ask them to be consistent.
On the resolutions he desired to say: That the rejecting of any
symptoms from a pathogenesis because different temperaments are
affected differently by the same drug is to wield the club with which
the Eclectics among us would brain Homoeopathy. There is a
brighter day dawning. In a short time, those who now make Homoe¬
opathy the exception will take our side; and, those who make this the
rule, will stand together, and so unity will obtain in our school.
Dr. Swift—Attended the State Society at its last meeting. Was
gratified. Many able physicians were there. They are determined to
purge the society of its evil elements. The “Fowler Resolutions”"
were rescinded and expunged. Resolutions condemning high attenu¬
ations were voted down. It was determined to keep the Slate Society
a Homoeopathic Institution. The influence of the hostile element
was nil. A paper censuring the Central Society for its expulsion of
Dr. Doane was presented, and a request made that a paper be referred
to the Publishing Committee. That paper was withdrawn.
Dr. Wells—The committee on the Constitution did not throw out
the item which declares that the Homoeopathic law is the law of cure-
The leaving out of that item was without authority.
Dr. Hawley—The State Society, at its last meeting, nominated Dr.
Doane to the Board of Regents of the degree of M. D.
Dr. Swift— If half of the members here to-day had been there, that
matter would have been disposed of in a satisfactory manner. The
State Soeiety thinks well of the Central Society.
The resolutions presented by Dr. Wells were adopted.
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1880.]
Society Proceedings.
337
Dr. Hawley, from committee on publication of Dr. Jenning’s paper
reported that Boericke & Tafel will publish and distribute 6000 copies
for $72. A number offered to contribute each $-5, toward the amount;
more, if necessary.
Dr. Jennings—If the paper is really worth publishing, to issue it
in pamphlet form will provide material for the waste basket. To pre¬
serve it in permanent form, it were better to publish it in some one of
our journals.
On motion of Dr. Benson, the committee was instructed to procure
the publication in one of the journals of our school.*
On motion of Dr. Hawley, the Secretary, was instructed to send to
the Board of Regents of this State, also to Dr. Wright, President of
the Homoeopathic Medical Society of this state, the protest of this
society agaii st the recent action of the State Society in recommend¬
ing Dr. Doane to ths Board of Regents for the degree of M. D.; the
secretary to state the ground of said protest to be; that the said
Doane is not a Homoeopathist, and, therefore is not a representative
of Homoeopathy ; the secretary to send to said persons a copy of the
action of this society iu the expulsion of the said Doane; and, the
secretary to state that the vote upon this resolution is unanimous.
Dr. Hawley—Have a difficult case, and desire suggestions as to
treatment. The patient is a clergyman, sixty-nine years of age. The
8th day of November last, he was attacked with embolism of one of
the cerebral arteries. Was rendered insensible. Was not paralyzed
in the extremities. The 10th, he was able to say “ yes ” “ no but, he
recognized no one. The 12th, he appeared to recognize persons. Had
Quinine treatment. Three months ago he came under my care. Had
perpendicular half sight, seeing only the left half of things, or left
side of things. Could neither read, nor write. Lycopodium 77m, one
dose. In a week could read and write to some extent. In trying to
reach anything, he would fall short invariably. Bovista 3m was
followed by a little improvement. It was the nearest I could find to
suit the case. Physical vigor has increased, but his symptoms con¬
tinue. Asks childish questions. Is possessed with an inordinate
desire for coffee.
The patient. Rev. Mr. Willard, came in. He stated his condition:
Difficulty of hearing; confusion of mind; something like dizziness;
perceptions clear as ever; very forgetful; understands what he hears;
•This valuable paper will appear in the next Issue of The Unitec States Med¬
ical Investigator.
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338
Society Proceedings.
fMAY 1,
some points of a subject he can state clearly, other points with diffi¬
culty, loses the subject, forgets it; can generally, not always, recall
it; has an unnatural hesitation in speech. In the recent attack, lost
consciousness almost; lost the use of language; was unable to form
the words to express the ideas. Does not see objects in their true
places. Does not hear as persons do ordinarily; does not sound to me
in the right place; head has ringing, humming, buzzing in it; grow¬
ing less clear. The trouble in the head seems to be working down¬
ward. Have more vigor than three months ago, in general health;
can walk with less fatigue. It is now four months and a half since
the attack.
Dr. Boyce—It seems to have been an apoplectic attack. Probably,
paralysis always goes with embolism. No paralysis in this case. This
looks more like having been a congestion, an apoplectic attack, passive
congestion.
Dr. Hawley—Over eating will make him worse in the head. All
his life before this attack he has been subject to attacks of headache.
Eight years ago, he fell down a cellar, striking on his head.
Dr. Nash—Do as Dr. Lippe did in a case in New York city. A
stout bov. Right eye turned outward. Perspired profusely the
moment he shut his eyes to go to sleep. Dr. L., after studying three
hours, sent Conium. Study this case. I think of Natrum muriaticum m
Lithium has the symptom, cannot see the right half of an object.
Dr. Stowe—Dr. Lippe takes note of single symptoms. A woman,
sick many years. Old School treatment. She applied to Dr. L. He
prescribed. No improvement. He took notes. Accidentally he
found that she could not go down stairs, nor look down, without fear
of falling. He gave her one dose of Borax. She recovered.
Dr. Jennings—Arnica is worth studying in Mr. Willard’s case.
Ordered to begin with paragraph 146 at the next meeting.
Adjourned. Attest, C. P. Jennings, Sec’y.
INTERNATIONAL HOMEOPATHIC CONVENTION .
London, England, January, 1880.
Dear Colleagues : At the close of the 41 World’s Homoeopathic
Convention ” which met in Philadelphia in 1876, it was determined
to hold a similar meeting every five years in some principal city of
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Society Proceedings .
339
Europe or America; aud a general wish was expressed that the seat
of the next gathering might be London.
On this determination aud desire being communicated to the Con¬
gress of British Homoeopathic Practitioners meeting in Bristol, in
September, 1876, it was unanimously resolved that such a convention
should be held in London in 1881, and that the congress would under¬
take the arrangements necessary for the purpose. A committee, con •
sisting of the undersigned, was thereupon appointed to draw up a
plan of proceeding; and its report, which is herein enclosed, was
accepted at the Congress of 1877, and the committee re-appointed,
with instructions to obtain adhesions and contributions.
Report of the commitee appointed to make arrangements for hold¬
ing a World’s Homoeopathic Convention ” in London in 1881. Pre¬
sented to and adopted by the British Homoeopathic Congress meeting
in Liverpool, September, 1877.
Your committee beg to report that they have had several meetings ;
and after much consideration, and in conference with the lamented
president of the last convention. Dr. Carroll Dunham, have agreed
upon the following recommendations, which they present for the
acceptance of the present Congress :
“SCHEME FOR THE WORLD’S HOMOEOPATHIC CONVENTION, 1881.
“ 1. That the convention shall assemble in London at such time
aud during such number of days as may hereafter be determined.
“2. That this meeting take the place of the Annual British
Homoeopathic Congress, and that its officers be elected at the Con¬
gress of the preceding year; the convention itself being at liberty to
elect honorary vice-presidents from those foreign guests, and others
whom it desires to honor.
3. That the expenses of the meeting be met by a subscription
from the Homoeopathic practitioners of Great Britain; the approxi¬
mate amount to be expected from each to be named as the time draws
near.
“ 4. That the expenses of printing the transactions be defrayed by
a subscription from all who desire to possess a copy of the volume.
“ 5. That the convention shall be open to all medical men qualified
to practice in their own country.
“ 6. That all who attend shall present to the secretary their names
aud addresses, and a statement of their qualifications; and, if
unknown to the officers of the convention, shall be introduced by
some one known to them, or shall bring letters credential from some
Homoeopathic Society, or other recognized representative of the
system.
“(a). That members of the convention, as above characterized.
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340 Society Proceedings. [May 1,
shall be at liberty to introduce visitors to the meetings at their dis¬
cretion.
‘7. That the committee be authorized to enter into communica¬
tion with physicians at home and abroad to obtain
“ (a). A report from each country supplementary to those pre¬
sented at the convention of 1876, recounting everything of interest
in connection with Homoeopathy which has occurred within its
sphere since the last reports were drawn up.
“ (6). Essays upon the various branches of Homoeopathic theory
and practice, for discussion at the meetings, and publication in the
transactions; the physicians to be applied to for the latter purpose
being those named in the accompanying schedule.
“8. That all essays must be sent in by January 1,1881, and shall
then be submitted to a committee of censors for approval as suitable
for their purpose.
“9. That the approved essays shall be printed beforehand, and
distributed to the members of the convention, instead of being read
at the meetings.
“ 10. That for discussion the essays shall be presented singly or in
groups, according to their subject-matter, a brief analysis of each
being given from the chair.
“ 11. That a member of the convention (or two, where two classes
opinion exist on the subject, as in the question of the dose) be
appointed some time before the meeting to open the debate, fifteen
minutes being allowed for such purpose, and that then the essay, or
group of essays, be at once opened for discussion, ten minutes being
the time allotted to each speaker.
“ 12. That the order of the essays be determined by the importance
and interest of their subject-matter, so that, should the time of the
meeting expire before all are discussed, less loss will have been sus¬
tained.
“13. That the chairman shall have liberty, if he sees that an essay
is being debated at such length as to threaten to exclude later sub¬
jects of importance, to close its discussion.
• 4 14. That the authors of the essays debated, if present, shall have
the right of saying the last word before the subject is dismissed.
kk 15. That, as at the first convention, the subjects of the essays
aud discussions shall be :
“ (a). The Institutes of Homoeopathy.
“ (6). Materia Medica.
“(c). Practical Medicine.
“ (d). Surgical Therapeutics, including diseases of the Eye and
Ear.
“ (c). Gynaecology.”
At a subsequent meeting of the committee, it was determined that
the gathering shall be known as the “ International Homoeopathic Con¬
vention.”
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Society Proceedings .
841
The latter, viz., reports of progress and papers to be discussed at
the meetings, we are soliciting from individual physicians practicing
Homopopathically throughout the world. But we now request your
good offices towards interesting the readers of your journal in our
proposed gathering, by bringing the subject before them, and also
towards making it known to the Hommopathists of your country in
such a way as you may think best.
The exact time and place of meeting, with the office-bearers, etc.,
will be finally decided at the Congress we shall hold in September,
1880; and information thereof will be duly forwarded to you, and
published in all British Homoeopathic journals.
Hoping to hear from you ere long, and to find your services enlisted
in the <jause. we remain
Very faithfully yours,
R. E. Dudgeon. Chairman.
W. Bayes,
A. Clifton,
A. C. Pope,
R. Hughes, Secretary.
All communications to be addressed to the secretary. Dr. Hughes,
Brighton, England.
NORTH EASTERN OHIO SOCIETY .
The regular semi-annual meeting of the Homoeopathie Medical
Society of Northeastern Ohio, was held April 14 at the office of Dr.
Bierce, in Warren.
Members in attendance were Drs. Childs, Murdoch and Wilcox,
Akron; H. C. Royer, Massillon; G. E. Allen, Youngstown; D. E.
Crantz, Wadsworth; R. B. Johnson, Ravenna; R. T. Marks, Lee-
tonia; E. T. Allen, Dayton; Drs. Sherwood and Bierce, Warren; Dr.
Castle, Bristol. Dr. Royer in the chair; Dr. Childs, Secretary.
The election of officers for the ensuing year resulted as follows :
President.— H. A. Sherwood, M. D.
Vice President.— D. E. Crantz M. D.
Secretary. —DeWitt Wilcox M. D.
Treasurer.— R. B. Rush M. D.
Board of Censors.— Drs. Murdoch, Carter and Bierce.
Dr. Johnson read a paper on bemicrania; Dr. Childs on Constitu¬
tional Constipation; Dr. Johnson reported a clinical case, the patient
i
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Society Proceeding*.
[May 1,
being affected with an extensive ulcer of the scalp, involving both
tables of the parietal bone. The diseased bone being removed was
soon replaced by healthy growth and ulcer healed. The cases presen¬
ted were discussed at some length on the medical treatment and the
appropriate regiminal management.
Society adjoured to take dinner at the Clifford House, being guests
of Drs. Sherwood and Bierce. Resuming at 2.30 p. m.. Dr. Allen pre¬
sented a clinical report on “Meningeal Spasms;” Dr. Marks on
“ Threatened Miscarriage;” Hr. Murdock on “ Hydrothorax,” in which
the aspirator was used. Hr. H. C. Royer on Surgery reported a case
of rupture of perineum and urethra from falling astride a timber.
Urine being drawn by superpubic puncture with aspirator needle;
also a case of necrosis of lower third of femur, six inches of it
being removed.
Dr. Sherwood was elected delegate and Dr. Murdoch, alternate to
the meeting of the State Association, at Cincinnati, May 18th and
19th, next. Dr. Childs, of Akron, was elected delegate and Dr. Rush,
of Salem, alternate to the American Institute, at Milwaukee, in June.
The Society adjourned to meet at the office of Dr. Allen, Youngs¬
town, on the third Wednesday in October next.
ILLINOIS HOMiEOPATHIC MEDICAL ASSOCIATION.
(Continued from page 381.)
SECOND DAY —MORNING SESSION.
Association called to order by the president. The vice-presidents
were appointed to act as censors with Dr. Tooker. Communications
from Hi's. F. L. Bartlett, of Aurora. J. B. Gully, of Geneva, and E.
A. Guilbert, of Dubuque, were read by the secretary.
Dr. Tooker, bureau of physiology, read a paper on the germ theory
of disease.
Dr. I). S. Smith moved that Dr. T.’s paper be published in The
United St ate8 Medical Investigator. Carried. (See page 632.)
If the germ theory of disease is true, it proves the potency of our
remedies ; that powerful doses of poisonous drugs are not needed to
destroy these germs, for it is a fact that we do cure disease. At all
events, our patients get well. I read somewhere recently that bac¬
teria had been discovered in whooping-cough sputa, and we cure
whooping-cough.
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Society Proceedings.
343
Dr. Hedges—In conversation with Allopathic doctors, I have
found that they take the ground of the truth of the germ theory
of disease, and state that this theory alone is an answer to Hom¬
oeopathy.
Dr. L. Pratt —We may assume that a Homoeopathic remedy acts
upon the organization, and destroys the germ and cures the disease.
Dr. D. S. Smith—Dr. T. has placed the subject so far beyond our
reach. Believes that our remedies go far beyond the power of the
microscope. Every little pill is a little god.
Dr. Delamater — “ Gentlemen, you make assertions, but do not pre¬
sent scientific tests,” says the Allopath. Whatever we claim we
should prove.
Mrs. Dr. Harris—The Homoeopathic remedy puts the mucous
remedy in such a condition that thrparasite can not exist.
Dr. Duncan said — “ 4 And Herod was eaten of worms.” From that
day to this the worm theory of disease has been very prevalent. It
is interesting to glance at the various causes of disease given, viz.,
animal, vegetable, chemical, electric, dynamic and more recently
changed secretions. Looking at the close similarity of yellow fever
to Orotali8 effects, he was inclined to the chemical side of the ques¬
tion. He believed that some day our chemists would tell us the
changes in the atmosphere, that now causes one epidemic and again
another epidemic.”
Dr. Chapman, of Polo, thinks we have got this thing controlled
just about where we want it. (See Josh Billings).
Dr. Ludlam — Bureau of Gynaecology, no report.
Dr. Julia Holmes Smith read a paper on Diseases of Women.
Dr. Mitchell—I can not refrain from speaking of the excellence of
this paper. When we have the keen observation and accurate judg¬
ment of woman in this direction, mankind must be the gainer. The
doctor is right in naming neurasthenia as the foundation of many of
the sufferings of woman,
Dr. Cooke —Nervous diseases will find their conqueror in woman.
I predicted this ten years ago.
Dr. Duncan admired the report and suggested Ignatia for one of
the cases related, and hot water after meals —a valuable adjuvant in
chronic gastritis,
Dr. Tooker — A Scotchman made a tour of this country, and wrote
a book, speaking of the beauty of American women, but stated that
they were inferior to Scotch women in health. Due to eating too
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344 iSociety Proceedings. [May 1,
much pie. Americans when traveling live on newspapers and period¬
icals. The English eats his hammock of beef.
Mrs. Harris —A few doses of Sulph ., Nux and PodophyUtn over¬
come the trouble caused Dy false feeding. Believes in the dyspeptic
theory.
Dr. White —Spoke of a case that had continued for six months;
left half of face, throat and tongue neuralgic, sensitive to touch;
burning, tingling pains. Platxna 200 overcame the great hyper«s-
thesia. Wondered why others can not see the soreness of organs and
cervix. Followed by Ignatia 200, five pellets; six aggravated.
Dr. Hawkes —Glad to hear so much good Homoeopathy coming
from lady members. The doctor’s mode of treatment is correct.
Uterine diseases should be treated as other cases.
Dr. Hedges—Agrees with Dr. H. mainly, but thinks there are
cases of endo-cervicitis that must be treated by local means, after¬
wards treats for constitutional disturbance. Calc. phos. cured one
case.
Dr. Ballard — Cited a case of prolapsus uteri cured with one dose of
Ars. 61 m. Diagnosis and cure were proved by examination before
and after treatment. Agreed with Dr. Hawkes. 8hould treat cause,
not results.
Dr. Smith — Advocated local treatment, cleanliness and proper
feeding. Hope ladies will correct this evil of uncleanliness. Glad to
hear Dr. Harris speaks of PodopkyUin , which acts on the uterine
organs. Uses high and low remedies.
Dr. Ludlam — Glad to listen to the paper. Both of these extremes
are right and both wrong. I can not determine a disease of the
uterine organs without an examination. Not gifted with the keen
insight of Dr. B. Reporting cases treated without having examined
them is worthless testimony. Like reporting diphtheria cured with¬
out looking into the throat. Agrees with Dr. Hedges.
Dr. Harris —If every woman would take a hip bath daily of one
minute’s duration, few would be troubled with what is called female
weakness.
Dr. C. Mitchell of Bureau of Histology, presented a paper through
Dr. Delamater, entitled Chemical Experts.
Dr. Hedges—Should not be passed over slightly. It is a question
that should be studied. Examination should not be left to one man
alone. Does not believe that Colchicum can be found in the human
body three months after death, as has been pretended lately. Here-
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Entero-Colitis vs. Cholera Infantum .
361
Children’s Department.
ENTEROCOLITIS VS. CHOLERA INFANTUM.
BY T. C. DUNCAN, M. D., CHICAGO.
Read before the Western Academy of Homoeopathy at St. Louts.
When invited to make a report on diseases of children, for the
benefit of this Academy, I cast about for the most profitable, subject.
Being at the time up to the ears in the bowel troubles of children, I
naturally looked them over to see which it should be. I first thought
of taking up cholera infantum as an obsolete disease, but as I was
especially requested to report cases,make your report clinical,” I
confess I was puzzled, for I had only one case of cholera infantum
last season, and that was a clear case of mistaken diagnosis. We
will consider that case and compare it with one earlier recognized
and readily cured.
Case I. July 6,1878, a very hot day I was called to see Roy, aged
ten months, taken two days before with severe diarrhoea. Now has
profuse, green watery stools every hour. Vomited this morning so
they concluded the child was sick. To get a better idea of the case
we will investigate the situation. To our first question, “ What
are you feeding the child?” comes the answer, “ condensed milk.”
“ Why did you not nurse it ?” “ Because I had no milk for it.” The
next question is a mental question, “ Why had she no milk ?” She
volunteers an explanation. “ Had sore nipples and the milk seemed
to dry up ; growing less and less.” We see she is of light complexion,
tall, and well-formed, but her fat has a waxy look. This adipocere is
a degenerate fat, it is found in dead bodies. u When the human body
has been some weeks in water, it assumes this appearance.” As
human milk is chiefly an oily emulsion, containing much oelien, this
waxy stearin or palmative kind of fat is not favorable to the genera¬
tion of milk, hence we are not surprijed at the milk fountain drying
up in this case. The father of the child has a very similar constitu¬
tion. The mother might be called consumptive, not disposed to the
tubercular, but to the miliary form which would indicate feeble
action of the lymphatic or absorbent system. Under such circum-
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Entero-Colitis vs. Cholera Infantum.
[May 1,
stances we would not expect a very active nor vigorous growth. The
child was small at birth, much troubled with colic, and it grew with
difficulty. Tardy dentition, only six teeth. Various foods were tried
but it seemed to thrive best on condensed milk. For some time it
had been troubled with a heat rash indicating acidity of system. The
fontanelles were not closed, and even the saggital suture was open,
symptoms at any time suspicious, but at ten months diagnostic of
cranial effusion, hydrocephalus acquired. The excessive amount of
lactic acid in this sweet milk was dissolving the phosphate of lime
out of the child’s bones. The head was square on top but narrow
between the ears supported by a very small, long neck, indicating to
my mind a feeble hold on life. The frequent stools were at first
whitish, then yellow, and now greenish with tenesmus, notwithstand¬
ing this profuse diarrhoea the child was remarkably bright with a
pearly appearance of the eye. It all the time kept up a whining
moaning. It was some feverish, but this I attributed to the effect of
the extreme July heat and thick woolen clothes. Great thirst for
water. I diagnosed the case as cholera infantum setting in on hydro¬
cephalus acquired and gave them a grave prognosis. I was now
informed that two years before they had lost a child at six months
from teething after a six weeks sickness. That child was also bottle-
fed.
We have not time for the daily record of this case, but briefly, for
several days the diarrhoea persisted with fever, but upon Belladonna
and Arsenicum the disease was checked, but w T e could find no food
that it could assimilate, even beef tea was passed undigested. The
stools were chiefly green and the milk was changed so that it looked
like chopped spinage, or as a friend has aptly compared it to “ duck's
dung.” Sometimes when fed on cow s milk sweetened with sugar or
sugar of milk, it was grayish, more like “hen’s dung.” The next
burst of hot weather produced a decided relapse, the stools became
frequent, once in half an hour, profuse, green water, that soaked
through the diaper, leaving only a little mucus stain or rolls of* white
curd, sometimes streaked with blood. Vomited as soon as it eat and
had a high fever, hot head, flushed face and coma, but not profound
as there was twitching of the extremities, and it kept up a dis¬
tressing moan with an occasional sharp cry. Thirst very great, no
appetite. The urine was suppressed. A pis was given six hours
without effect. Looking upon the case as necessarily fatal and listen¬
ing to the promptings of humanity, to quiet the child I gave for the
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Enter o~Colitis vs. Cholera Infantum,
363
night, Opium tincture, three drops in water. It slept, had less fever,
perspired — the first since the first attack—stools less in quantity and
better in quality. But the addomen became hot, swollen. As there
was a chewing motion of the mouth, it was put upon Pod, with
decided relief. Again it slowly improved in general appearance and
seemed to do well for a few days on corn starch with a little milk.
Beef tea was formerly given now and then [with bad effect. It had
more or less fever at night, and the stools continued to resemble
“ duck’s dung ” with tympanitis of the abdomen. There was con¬
tinuous nervous restlessness. These symptoms gradually subsided
and the child seemed holding its own, but no food was really digested
— and everything was tried, giving some beef tea every day or two.
Finally the parotid glands began to swell, whether from mumps or
from the prostrated condition of the child, closing the orifices of the
ducts I don’c know. The effect of this swelling was to produce
fever, obstruction of the circulation to the head, coma with spas¬
modic jerking of the body. Head thrown far back. Abdomen again
became tympanitic, and in forty-eight hours after the sudden swel¬
ling of the glands, death closed the scene.
Now let us analvze this case a little to see if the diagnosis was
correct. The three most prominent symptoms throughout were the
green stools, the fever and the pain, or distress of the child—symptoms
not very prominent in cholera infantum. If we add to this another
fact that the fever kept pace with the violence of the disease, we get
the true expression of the disease that it must have been inflamma¬
tory in character—that it was entero-colitis and not cholera infan¬
tum.
The characteristics of cholera infantum are severe vomiting, pro¬
fuse diarrhoea, and tendency to collapse. Infantile cholera is as near
like cholera in the adult as it is possible to be. I do not now see one
case of cholera infantum where I formerly saw twenty. Every case of
simple diarrhoea is not due to teething as I used to think. Indiges¬
tion (gastric catarrh), gastritis and entero-colitis now absorb the mass
of cases of bowel troubles in children with me. But to return to our
case of supposed cholera infantum. Why was I misled ? The severe
vomiting, the aggravation with every burst of hot weather and sup¬
pression of urine were the misleading elements in the case. But
over against them I should have placed the previous diarrhoea, the
great distress of the child, the peculiar green lumpy,duck-dung stool,
the excessive thirst and lack of assimilation on dry diet.
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Consultation Department .
[Mat 1,
The stool of cholera infantum may be green and persistently so if
the weather is very hot (giving us enlarged liver) and if the bile is
constantly decomposed, the soda it contains attempting to neutralize
the large quantity of acidity in the intestinal contents. The stools
are acid at first, but as the spasmodic action of stomach and bowels
persist, the fluids thrown off becomes serious, alkaline, simple mucus,
or there may be empty gagging. Along with this condition of the
stool goes the prostration, which becomes more and more profuse,
and in all cases as a rule coldness rather than fever is present.
(To be continued.)
Consultation Department.
THANKS.
Case in Vol. VIII, page 392, of December 1879, signed J. A. D., and
was for counsel. It was answered in one of your journals. Allow me to
thank the doctor that responded. Dulcamara cured in one month.
J. A. Dunlap.
QUERY.
I have a patient. Young man of consumptive tendencies just
recovering from pneumonia. He has been for a year blowing a B flat
cornet. Will it injure his lungs ? Is band practice good or bad for
weak lungs? A. F. R.
WHAT SHALL I DISTRIBUTE?
Have you anything for distribution among the people that I could
purchase cheap by the hundred or thousand, to teach the people what
Homoeopathy consists of? We have “4000 inhabitants” who know
little of Homoeopathy . C. W. H.
[Yes, sir. The “ Law of Cure” put into every home would cause “a
talk ” that would attract attention and provoke controversy. Then,
for the intelligent obstinate ones give them a dose of “ Law of Simil¬
arity” to digest. That would fetch them over lively. Then put a copy
of “ Diet Rules” into the hands of every mother , present and prospect¬
ive, and you will capture them and the babies also. A hint to the
wise is q. s. — Ed.]
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Consultation Department.
366
STRABISMUS.
Some, and I b3lieve most cases of strabismus, are worse at one time
than at another, being especially aggravated by fatigue, either of the
mind, of the entire body, or of the eyes alone. In view of this fact,
will an operation which is sufficient to neutralize the average degree
of deformity in a given case, remove the deformity altogether, or will
it simply convert it into a very mild case of alternating convergent
and divergent strabismus ?
Granting that the strabismus can be entirely removed, will the eyes
be restored to their original appearance, the same as before the
deformity began, or will they still have a doubtful appearance ?
Will some of our oculists who know by extensive experience, and
close observation, oblige me by answering through The Inves¬
tigator. A.
CASE FOR COUNSEL.
E. W., male, aged twenty-eight, married, dark complexioned,
medium sized, melancholy disposition, despairs of ever being cured.
Three years ago while working on the railroad he was very much
exposed in wet and cold weather and suffered at various times from
coughs, colds and pleuritic pains. Since that time his health has
never been good.
At present he has the following symptoms: dull pain in upper por-
tian of left lung extending at times to back and across to the right
shoulder, no cough, no expectoration, no dulness on percussion, no
rales; respiration normal; contour of the chest full, after eating, pain
in stomach; bowels constipated; appetite good; bitter taste in mouth
in morning; feels worse in morning; headache at times; sleepless;
feels languid all the time; seminal emissions at night for four or five
days every month. Has no bad habits. Does not drink, chew, smoke,
use coffee or swear. Cannabis indxca 30x and Conium mac 12x cures
the spermatorrhoea for a time but it soon returns. I have given him
at various times Colocy . 4x, Hvdrastin 3x. flux vom. 4x, ISulph. 4x, and
30x, Podoph . 4x, Chelidon. 3x, Bryonia 3x, Chenopod. 4x, Cinchona ,
China , Rhus tox ., 6x, and Canth. 3x.
Will some one suggest a remedy for this case V I would be espec¬
ially pleased to hear from some high potency brother. Bring on your
remedies brethem and I will give them exactly as you direct. Be
careful to state potency, dose and repetition of dose. F. F. C.
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Medical News.
[May 1
Medical News.
Dr. S. R. Beckwith , has had a severe attack of erysipelas.
You a member of what committee? Paper in preparation. See
Society notices.
A Treatise on Sea Sickness by Dr. G. M. Beard is announced by E.
B. Treat publishers.
Pro/. Yandell of Somerville, contends that malaria is the chief
source of acute skin diseases.
The Illinois Homoeopathic Medical Association meets in Chicago
May 18. (See committees, p. 349.)
Removed.— F. H. Foster, M. D., Eye and Ear Surgeon, from 126 State
to 83 Madison Street, Room 7, Hershey Hall.
Dr. Alfred Walton from High Bridge to Perth, Amboy, N\ J.
The Fourth Annual Meeting of the MissouH Institute of Homoeopath y
will meet in Hannibal on Wednesday and Thursday, June 9th and
10th. A large and interesting meeting is expected.
Wm. D. Foster, Sec’y.
The Homoeopathic Medical Society of the State of Michigan , will hold
its eleventh annual session in the city of Jackson, on Tuesday and
Wednesday, May 18th and 19th, 1880. An unusually interesting
meeting is expected. R. B. House, Sec’y.
La Presse Medicate relates an instance in which death was caused
by the rupture of an aneurism of the right gastro-epiploic artery.
The patient, a very stout women was attacked with severe and cir¬
cumscribed pain in the abdomen, followed by collapse and death in
twenty-four hours.
Died.— April 21, Mrs. Dr. A. D. Bellamy of Grand Rapids. W©
sympathize with the doctor in this, his great loss.
Frederick H. Bradner , M. D., of Middletown, N. Y., died of Addi¬
son’s disease, on January 8, 1880. He had a policy of $2000 in the
“ Homoeopathic Mutual,” and his insurance was paid in full on Feb¬
ruary 12, 1880, less than three weeks after the proofs of death were
received.
The Homoeopathic Medical Society of the State of Ohio , will be held in
Cincinnati, on Tuesday and Wednesday, May 18th and 19th, 1880 ,
(instead of May 11th and 12th, as before announced.) All railroads
entering Cincinnati will issue tickets at excursion rates on the above
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1880.]
Medical News.
367
dates. The session promises to be unusually profitable. You may
expect the annual circulars soon. J. A. Gann, Sec’y.
The Western Academy of Homoeopathy will hold its session this June
on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday, the 9th, 10th and 11th, instead
of the 1st, 2d and 3d, as announced. This change is made at the
request of many delegates wishing to attend the American Institute
also, which meeting occurs on the 15th of June.
C. H. Goodman, Gen. Sec’y.
Bureau of Gynaecology — American Institute of Homoeopathy.— Subject
for discussion; Pelvic Cellulitis. Papers will be presented on its
Etiology and Diagnosis, by O. S. Runnels, M. D., Indianapolis ; Dif¬
ferential, by F. H. Krebs, M. D., Boston ; Prognosis, by R. Ludlam,
M. D., Chicago; Medical Treatment by C. Ormes, M. D., Jamestown;
Surgical by S. R. Beckwith, M. D., Cincinnati; Ovarian Tumor by B.
F. Betts, M. D., Philadelphia; Uterine Fibroid by C. P. Seip, M. D.,
Pittsburgh; Laceration of the Cervix Uteri by H. F. Biggar, M. D.,
Cleveland, O.
Whole Wheat Meal (in the shape of fine flour) has been a need that
none has recognized as of such great importance as has the medical
profession. We take pleasure in calling the attention of our readers
to the advertisement of the Franklin Mills Company, which appears
in this issue. This flour is a fine article, containing all the food ele¬
ments in the wheat, and from what we know of this company it will
continue to be uniform and reliable. Our western readers may
address W. Warren, 95 Fifth Ave., Chicago, where the flour may be
had at mill rates.
The Fourteenth Annual Session of the Indiana Institute of Homoeopathy
will be held in the parlors of Plymouth Church, at Indianapolis, Ind.,
May 25th and 26th, 1880. You are earnestly invited to attend this
meeting and present a paper on medicine or surgery, or report cases
from practice. The Institute needs your best counsel and most
hearty co-operation in its work of advancing the true practice of med -
icine in Indiana. Please send to me without delay the subject of your
paper for the coming session. A great many physicians have already
notified the secretary of their intention to be present and take a part.
A meeting of unusual profit is expected. Do not fail to come.
Moses T. Runnels, Sec’y.
The Northwestern Academy oj Medicine will hold its fourth annual
meeting on the 5th and 6th of May, in the parlors of the Ogden House,
Council Bluffs, Iowa. The indications for a profitable session are
flattering. Prof. A. C. Cowperthwaite will give a popular address on
Wednesday evening. Tne following is the list of bureaux and chair¬
men : Materia Medica, A. C. Cowperthwaite, M. D., Iowa City, Iowa ;
Surgery and Surgical Diseases, T. H. Bragg, M. D. f Hamburg, Iowa ;
Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology, J. F. Sanborn, M. D., Tabor*
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Medical News.
[May l,
Iowa; Obstetrics aud Diseases of Women, Bart. L. Paine, M. D..
Lincoln, Neb.; Paedology, W. H. Parsons, M. D., Glenwood, Iowa:
Ophthalmology and Otology, C. L. Hart, M. D., Omaha, Neb.; Clini¬
cal Medicine, O. S. Wood,M. D., Omaha, Neb.; Medical Education,
C. Starr, M. D., Nebraska City, Neb.; Thermo-Electric Treatment of
Diseases, C. M. Dinsmoor, M. D., Omaha, Neb., and P. W. Poulson,
M. D., Council Bluffs, Iowa. Papers can be sent to the secretary.
C. L. Hart, M. D., Pres., Omaha, Neb.
W. D. Stillman, M. D., Sec., Council Bluffs, Iowa.
State Microscopical Society.— The annual meeting of the State Micro¬
scopical Society of Illinois, was held at the Academy of Science, 263
Wabash Ave., Friday evening, April 23,1880. The treasurers report
showed a highly satisfactory financial condition, about $200 having
been paid in during the past year, while the expenditures were
less than $50. The following papers have been read before the
society since the semi annual meeting, last October. Recent micro¬
scopical work by Jas. Colgrove. The Microscopical Examination of
Signatures, by Lester Curtis. The Microscopical Examination of
Dust, by A. C. Thomas. A New Observation on the Histology of the
Foetal Lungs, by Lester Curtis. The Microscopical Examination of
Tissues after the Administration of Mercury , by S. V. Clevenger.
The study of the Cell, with Reference to the Nerve Theory, by Lester
Curtis. Plant or Animal ? A popular description of some of the
myogastric fungi, by the secretary. Notes on Micro-lithology, by A.
C. Clark. The Intra-ovular Life of the Chick, by C. H. Kimball.
The following gentlemen were elected : President, B. W. Thomas.
Vice President, Lester Curtis, M. D. Secretary, Prof. E. J. Bastion.
Corresponding Secretary, E. B. Stuart. Treasurer, W. H. Summers.
Trustees, Prof. E. J. Hill, Dr. S. J. Jones, Dr. F. W. Mercer, H. M.
Thompson and Chas. Boring. E. B. Stuart, Sec.
The Source of Infectious Diseases.— All of the infectious diseases
undoubtedly possess an original habitat , where it is probable they are
now as always capable of spontaneous origin in their primitive form,
whatever that may be. The difficulty of tracing disease-types through
varying localities, and among different people of the globe, have, up
to this time, prevented a precise knowledge upon the point, which
time may yet bring us. It seems tolerably certain, however, that the
several acute infectious diseases named below have the nativities here
attributed to them. The cholera has its home in India. The small¬
pox in the East. Known in China nearly 1,200 years before Christ.
The plague is an Oriental disease. Has a distinct geographical range.
The typhus fever has its birthplace in Ireland. The typhoid and
relapsing fevers have fixed centres in Ireland, Galicia, Upper Silesia,
and some provinces of Northern Italy. The milary fever is endemic
in a few provinces of France, Germany and Italy. Scarlatina is prob¬
ably native to Arabia. Epidemic dysentery has its home in the
tropics. The dengue originates in southern latitudes, with sharp geo-
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Medical News,
graphical limits. The yellow fever can be distinctly traced to the
Antilles. The chabalonga to Chili. The veruga to Peru. Certain it
seems that no general influence of exposure or even bad hygienic sur¬
roundings will establish the typical disease away from its local habi¬
tat, except through the penalties of hereditary.— Logan's Physics of the
Infectious Diseases.
The Annual Meeting of the Western Academy of Homoeopathy , and the
Minnesota St“te Homoeopathic Institute for 1880, will be held in Minne¬
apolis, June 9th, 10th and 11th, 1880. Everything points to a large
and enthusiastic convention of our very best men in the west. The
leading and representative men of our school in Chicago and St.
Louis, have promised to be here, and take an active part in the work
of the convention. The various bureaus are hard at work, already
have many important papers in hand, and more are promised. The
headquarters of the convention will be at the Nicollet House, where
ample accommodations will be furnished to physiciaus and their
families, at two dollars ($2.00) per day. The St. James Hotel, a
smaller, but newly fitted house, offer their accommodations for one
dollar and a half ($1.50) per day. The different railroads having a
terminus in this city, will furnish transportation at reduced rates.
Realizing that it is well, occasionally to combine fun with physic, the
committee will make arrangements for an excursion to Lake Minne¬
tonka—the Saratoga of the West—and a steamboat ride upon its
beautiful waters, to a point where ample refreshment will be in wait¬
ing. In addition, trips to the Falls of Minnehaha and Fort Snelling,
are being arranged for. Will you not make an effort to be with us V
We feel that it will be for your good to do so. To invigorate your
system, and to gratify your taste for the beautiful, Minneapolis has
no superior in the whole breadth of our land. Any further informa¬
tion may be promptly obtained, by addressing the chairman of either
committee.
D. M. Goodwin, M. D.
Chairman Executive Committee, Minneapolis, Minn.
A. E. Higbee, M. D.
Chairman of Committee of Arrangements, Minneapolis, Minn.
The Hahnemann Medical Association of Iowa.—Eleventh Annua
Meeting.—I am instructed by the executive board to announce that
the eleventh annual meeting of this association will be holden at
Waterloo on Wednesday and Thursday, May 26lh and 27th, 1880. The
local committee ot arrangements —Drs. G. F. Roberts, J. H. Crippen
and John Bickley — have selected as the place of rendezvous the well-
known Logan House, and for the meeting of the association, an
elegant society hall within a few steps of the headquarters. The
usual reception will occur on Wednesday evening, under the joint
auspices of the united and influential Waterloo brethren, and the
immediate direction of-the chairman of the local committee, Dr. Geo.
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Medical News.
[May 1
F. Roberto, and at the commodious surburban residence or* the latter.
The committee of arrangements request me to say that they and
their enthusiastic professional associates will spare no efforts to make
the forthcoming annual meeting fully as agreeable, and equally as
notable, as those which have preceded it. I know the men who
authorize these promises, and can say that they will fulfil them to the
letter. President Button, Vice President Hindman and Treasurer
Virgin, of the Executive Board, unite with me in renewing a cordial
invitation to all unafflliated physicians of the state, who are legally
qualified, to join us in this influential organization, whose benign
ends are the elevation of its membership and the advancement of the
cause. The executive board likewise earnestly invite the members of
the association to be present in force on this occasion, and to come
prepared with essays and contributions to the literature of the episode.
Aside from the papers which will be submitted and discussed, matters
of importance pertinent to the general weal ot our school will be pre¬
sented by our active committee of legislation. The entrance fee is
$3.00; the annual dues, $2.00. Members not intending to be present
are requested to remit their dues to the treasurer, Dr. W. T. Virgin,
Burlington, Iowa, before May 20th proximo. Applicants for member¬
ship must be graduates of reputable medical colleges. Petitions may
be presented by any of the officers or members, and must set forth the
full name, age, residence, date of graduation, and the title of the
alma mater of the candidate, and must be accompanied by the
entrance fee in order to entitle the aforesaid petitions to come before
the board of censors. The bureaux for the ensuing annual meeting
are as follows: 1 . Materia Medica and Provings: A. C. Cowper-
thwaite, chairman; E. Cartwright, G. H. Patchen, J. H. Drake, V. M-
Law and G. E. Cogswell. 2. Clinical Experience: J. D. Burns, chair¬
man; W. H. Pettit, F. Becker, E. H. King, Cordelia Hickox and H. P.
Button. 8 . Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children: C. H. Cogs¬
well, chairman; E. A. Guilbert, P. W. Poulson, D. R. Hindman and
£. H. King. 4. Surgery and Surgical Diseases: G. F. Roberto, chair¬
man ; J. H. Crippen, E. A. Guilbert, S. E. Nixon and S. B. Olney. 5.
Medical Education: A. C. Cowperthwaite, chairman; R. F. Baker and
W. T. Virgin. 6 . Anatomy, Pathology , Physiology and Hygiene: M. R-
Waggoner, chairman; V. M. Law, G. H. Patchen, E. H. King,
Clara Yeomans and E. Cartwright. 7. Medical Electricity: Cordelia
Hickox, chairman; H. P. Button, J. H. Drake and A. C. Cowper¬
thwaite. 8. Diseases of the Eye and Ear: A. C. Rockey, chairman; J.
H. Drake, H. W. Roberts, with the invited co-operation of Dr. A. E.
Smith, of Vinton. The bureau chiefs are earnestly requested to at
once address each one of their respective associates, and to urge upon
them the importance of preparing papers for presentation, and to
remind him to bring such papers fully prepared for the press, and
written on only one side of the legal cap used.
Edward A. Guilbert, Sec’y.
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UNITED STATES
Medical Investigator.
A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE.
Now Series. Vol. XL, No. 10.—MAY 15, 1880.— Whole No. 262.
Hygiene Department.
VENTILATION.
BY G. W. FOOTE, M. D., GALESBURG, ILL.
Read before the Joint Convention of the Western Academy and Missouri Insti¬
tute of Homoeopathy, May, 1879.
There is no subject in which physicians are, or should be, more
interested than in that of ventilation. The duty we owe to patrons
both sick and well, demands that we should direct their attention to
this all important science, for science it is.
No department of the science of health has called forth so much
discussion as this one and of none are the public generally less
well informed. The requirments of ventilation meet us at the door of
the sick room, at the entrance of the place of amusement, of the hall
of public discussion and legislation, and upon the threshold of schools
and churches. It is a subject that is attracting the attention of a
large body of the scientists of the civilized world, and is one regard¬
ing which there has been more diversity of opinion, than upon any
other of like importance, and practical bearing upon the every-day
life of the human race. The different theories upon which plans for
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Ventilation.
fMAY 15
ventilation have been based are almost innumerable. Only since a
comparatively recent date have the masters in this science, reached
anvthing like unity of vie* as to the nature of the object to be
attained, and the best means of effecting the attainment by a perfect
ventilation.
Ventilation and its complement drainage are corner stones of san¬
itary science, and of late the latter has attracted scarce less attention
than the former. So long as the truth of the golden maxim that,
public health, is public wealth, is recognized, so long must the inves¬
tigations of the science be judged as a necessity. The crowding
together of ten, twenty, or thirty thousand human beings upon each
square mile of earth is an entirely unnatural condition of life; and
to correct the evil thereby entailed will in all countries demand the
active efforts of scientific and educated men. Physicians therefore
have a double duty to perform, first to secure the correct condition of
living and therein prevent sickness; and secondly to alleviate and cure
such disease as results from causes beyond our control and foresight.
Our patrons need to have the economy of health, public and individ¬
ual, impressed upon them continually. The time is coming, nay
is already upon us, when the family physician will be called upon to
teach sanitary science as well as to treat the sick. He must not only
restore the lost health, but teach the individual how to preserve it,
and perfect it, by the every-attention to the laws of physical being.
There are few, very few comparatively of our public buildings
or private dwellings and places of business throughout the land in the
construction of which any attention has been paid to the conditions
of proper ventilation. Whatever of health due to a supply of pure
air the community may possess, may rather be ascribed to unlearned
carpentering and poor workmanship than to intelligent design and
skillful application of scientific knowledge. To the occupants of the
houses of the present day, the rattling windows, and ill fitting doors
are unrecognized blessings.
WHAT IS FOUL AIR V
A people cannot be too strongly impressed with a knowledge of the
fact that the repeated respiration for a length of time of the air con¬
tained in a close room charges it with carbonic acid gas, and the insen¬
sible exhalations from the body through the skin and glands, adds
still more poisonous compounds. Nor with the equally important
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Ventilation .
878
corollary that air thus charged is when inhaled the most potent of all
predisposing causes of disease; especially such as are termed zymotic
and which cause the terrible epidemics so dreaded in every commu¬
nity. Pure air is a mixture of oxygen, nitrogen and carbonic acid
gases, in the proportion of about twenty-three parts of the first,
seventy-seven of the second, and one tenth of one part of the last
named. Of these the first is essential to the preservation of animal
life and health, amd must be contained in the respired air in about
this proportion; other-wise evil effects must follow. The two other
gases named if not poisonous are at least inimical to animal life.
The office of this oxygen in removing carbon from the venous blood
is too well understood to.require explanation here.
The average amount of oxygen necessary to be supplied through
the lungs to each person in health is about one sixth of a cubic foot
per minute. To “ensure safety” three times this amount should be
provided for in all occupied rooms owing to the pollution of the
atmosphere arising from respiration and other causes. At each act
of respiration sixteen cubic inches of air are destroyed for breathing
purposes, and at the rate of fifteen to twenty inspirations per minute,
therefore, not less than three hundred cubic inches of air are ren¬
dered unfit for use by the human lungs, in that space of time; and in
one day the amount becomes enormous.
The expired air from the lungs is found to contain three and one-
half per cent of carbonic acid gas or in the space of one minute, an
average of twenty-seven and one-half cubic inches of carbonic acid
is evolved from each pair of lungs. This equals forty thousand cubic
inches of the gas in twenty-four hours, weighing three pounds, and
containing eleven ounces of solid carbon derived from the worn out
particles of the animal tissues, and thus ejected from the body. An
adult uses two gallons of air at each inspiration and at sixteen respir¬
ations per minute he uses over fifty-six thousand gallons per day. A
child respires more frequently and uses more in proportion than the
adult. To meet these requirements a large quantity of fresh air must
be supplied to ensure perfect decarbonization of the venous blood*
But were the air to be breathed free from all other poisonous matters
and simply thus surcharged with carbonic acid, while the oxygen is
correspondingly diminished, asphyxia must result.
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Ventilation .
[Mat 15,
FATAL EFFECTS OF FOUL AIR.
Several instances in illustration of this are recorded; the most
prominent of which occured in Calcutta in the year 1856.
The name of the “ Black Hole of Calcutta,” if not the whole series
of facts connected therewith is familiar to you all, and the death in
one night of one hundred and twenty-three men, out of one hundred
and forty-six confined in this dungeon, eighteen feet square, most for¬
cibly illustrates the necessity of ventilation and a supply of pure air
containing oxygen for the support of life. Scarcely less impressive
was the lesson taught, when seventy out of one hundred and fifty per¬
sons, shut up in a close cabin of the Irish steamer, London, expired in
a few hours from the same insufficient supply of oxygen. The life
processes are designed in accord with the constitution of the atmos¬
phere, the life processes of both animal and vegetable forms. The
health of these is very greatly dependent upon the normal condition
of that atmosphere, but unimpeded nature beautifully regulates the
supply and demand of the needed elements for either, and will not
suffer with tolerance the hindrance of outside and improper influ¬
ences. By the union of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, in
varying proportions and with comparatively unimportant additions of
other elements, all the proximate principles of animal tissues are
formed. Into the proximate principles, carbon largely enters. Con¬
stituting for instance fifty-three per cent fibrin, of which muscles are
mainly composed.
In the disintegration constantly going on in the animal organism
the liberated carbon is excreted mainly through the blood vessels and
lungs as carbonic acid gas and hence may be always found in the
venous blood. But if, through an insufficient supply of oxygen this
process is impeded and che blood becomes surcharged with carbonic
acid, the latter then acts as a poison, partially suspends brain and
nerve function, thereby retarding still more the proper action of the
lungs. There are other causes of atmospheric pollution than that of
respiration.
Loss of oxygen and increase of carbonic acid arises from the action
of the skin, likewise from open combustion of whatever kind or pur¬
pose. The combustion of the oil from one single lamp consumes as
much air, or rather oxygen, as does the respiration of one person. To
supply a good ventilation, signifies the supply of an abundance of
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Ventilation.
375
fresh air of the normal atmosphere, sufficient to meet fully the
requirements of all occupants of the building and for every moment
of time. This is necessary to health and long life, furthermore, air like
water should be in constant motion to remain pure, and when stag¬
nant from any cause rapidly looses its life and health sustaining qual¬
ities.
Let us then see to it that our houses, offices, barns and even our
out-houses are each and all well ventilated, and teach and encourage
our patrons to do the same. As windows are the principal means of
ventilation, as houses are now constructed, let them be used as such
and be so arranged summer and winter as to provide a current of
pure air from without, thus effectually preventing a stagnation of air
within. The proper means in which good ventilation may be
secured is not definitely settled. The diversity of opinion that exists
with regard to obtaining pure air is aptly illustrated by a scene in a
railroad car not long since. A controversy arose between woman pas¬
sengers, concerning the ventilation of the car they happened to be
riding in. One insisted that if a window was opened it would surely
result in her death by cold. The clamor grew until the remaining
passengers proposed as a desirable settlement that it should be
opened and kill one. then closed and suffocate the other.
Few persons realize how impure the air becomes in public halls and
school-rooms when occupied. A lecturer once declared that there
had been an accumulation of carbonic acid gas in the room to the
depth of four feet and by way of illustration placed a lighted candle
near the floor which was immediately extinguished by the foul atmos¬
phere. More than this, he actually dipped it up by the pailful. Car¬
bonic acid gas is much heavier than the normal atmosphere and
unlike heated air does not rise to the highest level, but rather like
water will flow to a lower one, or in a closed room will remain near
the floor as shown by the experiment just mentioned. Hence the
commonly received view that an opening of some sort at the top of
a room will ventilate it and carry off the impure air is erroneous, so far
as carbonic acid gas is concerned, and this is the atmospheric poison
with which we have most constantly to deal. But it may be forced
out and upward. Upon this principal is based the Ruttan system of
ventilation which when rightly arranged gives good results in this
direction and it is the only one that does.
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Ventilation .
[May 16,
RUTTAN’S SY8TEM OF VENTILATION.
I suppose al! here are acquainted with that system but it will per¬
haps be not amiss to refer to it more fully. This system consists in
warming a room by the diffusion of heated air conducted to it from a
furnace below. A chamber in which the furnace is placed is con¬
stantly supplied with air from outside the building, conducted to it by
means of a tube or pipe. Here it is warmed before being allowed to
enter the room above, which it does by means of other conduits, the
supply being regulated in quantity by means of registers, or valves
that may be opened or closed. An exit for the impure air is arranged
by means of a hot air pipe, or flue, which receives the air from the
room through an aperture at the floor and conducts it to the roof of
the building. When the heated air from the furnace enters the room,
a current will (if the heating capacity is sufficient) at once be formed
of this air to the ceiling of the room, causing a pressure from above
which displaces the cold air, and impure air below, forcing it to flow
out of the aperture near the floor and thence to the outside through
the before mentioned flue.
This flue also conducts the smoke and heated air which has passed
through the Are, and by means of which, the lifting of the impure air
from the room is facilitated. Upon the theory that impure air rises
instead of falling, the ventilator is sometimes placed near the top of
the room, or in the ceiling and connected with the flue, but such are
practically useless. It is time that a portion of the impurities result¬
ing from respiration may be thus discharged; but these are in general
of less importance than the heavier gases. Beside the carbonic acid,
the chief product of the process of respiration is the vapor of water
charged with effete animal matter. The vapor of water is much
lighter than common air and of course rises. While carbonic acid gas
is always invisible and inappreciable to the sense of touch, watery
vapor though generally so, sometimes in a cold day may be seen in
the form of white cloudlets, or congeals still more upon the beard or
other object forming water and even icicles. Defective ventilation is
no doubt the cause of the spread of epidemic diseases to a much
greater extent than the profession realize.
(To be continued.)
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Entero-Golitis vs, Cholera Infantum,
377
Children's Department.
ENTERO-GOLITIS VS. CHOLERA INFANTUM.
BY T. G. DUNCAN, M. D., CHICAGO.
Read before the Western Academy of Homoeopathy at St. Louts.
(Continued from page 364.)
Now let us look at what takes place in the bowels. Before I do that
let us recall the fact (developed by Brown-Sequard’s experiments) that
irritation of the quadrigeminal bodies in the brain produces persist-
altic action of the intestines and that irritation of the striated bodies
produces vomiting. We can now perhaps see farther into these cases
than we otherwise would, at least we can understand the empty retch¬
ing in the later stages of cholera infantum. If we remember that
the strait sinus of the brain commences between the quadrageminal
bodies and that the choroid plexus passes over and about the striated
bodies, and if this blood becomes poisonous, acting as an irritant we
have the condition for reflex diarrhoea and vomiting independent of
the condition of the bowels themselves. Perhaps a poisonous condi¬
tion of the blood is induced by the atmosphere, which has come to be
recognized as choleraic — a certain blue mist. This condition of the
atmosphere and great heat are looked upon as the predisposing causes,
but the exciting cause is as a rule some indiscretion in eating or
drinking; as forexample, articles that decompose in the bowels instead
of being digested, or cold drinks which arrest digestion and favor
decomposition. Whatever the cause may be, the rapid action of the
bowels is a characteristic phenomena. I am pleased to place before you
the actual results of cholera upon the intestinal mucous membrane,
through the kindness of my friend, Dr. I. N. Danforth, Pathologist,
and an authority on the microscope. He gave me these illustrations
for my book on Diseases of Children. (See opposite page).
He thinks and I believe similar results follow in true cholera infan¬
tum. Now what should cause this? Acidity? The blood and the
bulk of the secretions in a healthy child are alkaline.
Alkaline reaction is necessary to a large number of vital processes,
and this reaction is present without exception in all the animal fluids
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Fig. 1.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 4.
TUB EFFECTS OF A CHOLERA TORNADO.
Fig. 1 represents healthy villi, during- the interval of intestinal digestion. Fio.
2 represents a seetion from the middle third of the ileum of a man who died of
cholera in Chicago, 1873. Fig. 3. Section of the ileum six inches above theileo-
cffical valve. Fig. 4. Section immediately above the valve. The torn and ragged
appearanoe is no exaggeration : “ Not a single perfect villus could be found.”
Fig. 5 shows the cohering cells after being stripped from the villi; (a) considerably
broken and torn; (b), less so; (c), the entire cell-covering of a villus ‘'pulled off.”
Fig. 6. The intestinal contents being composed of fully-developed conoidal cells
half-grown conoidal cells, white blood corpuscles, altered red blood corpuscles and
multitudes of minute granules, all floating in serum. 280 diameters.
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kJntero-Colitis vs. Cholera Infantum.
379
which are actually contained in the circulatory system, or in the
closed cavities of the body. An acid reaction is found in very few
of the organic fluids which are employed either in the process of
digestion, or are discharged externally.
The following list shows the comparative frequency of alkaline and
acid reactions of the animal fluids. (Dalton):
Alkaline .—Blood plasma, lymph, aqueous humor, cephalo rachidian
fluid, synovia, fluids of the living muscular tissue, mucus in general,
milk, saliva, tears, pancreatic juice, spermatic fluid.
Acid.—Gastric juice, perspiration, mucus of vagina, urine.
If we take into account the carbonic acid exhaled with the breath,
we see that the excretions present universally an acid reaction.
Of all the internal fluids, the most essential is the plasma of the
blood, since it affords the materials for nutrition to the entire system;
and its alkaline reaction, which is distinctly marked, is found to be
invariably present, not only in the human subject, but also in every
species of animal in which it has been examined. This reaction of
the blood is necessary to life, since Bernard has shown (Liquides de
Organisme, p. 412), that if an injection of diluted acetic.or lactic acid
be made into the veins of the living animal, death always results
before the point of neutralization has been reached.
The alkalinity of the blood gives to it extraordinary capacity for
dissolving carbonic acid. According to Liebig, water with one per
cent, of sodium phosphate is enabled to absorb and retain twice its
usual proportion of carbonic acid ; and the other alkaline salts, as is
well known, have a similar dissolving action on this gas. Conse¬
quently the blood rapidly absorbs the carbonic acid which has been
formed in the tissues, and incessantly carries it away to be elimi¬
nated by the lungs.
If, however, the weather is hot and lowry (cloudy) the exhalation
of carbonic acid is impeded and the tendency is to a larger deleterious
proportion of acid, carbonic acid remains in the system. In the
child’s food may be found the causes of these diseases under con¬
sideration. Grauvogl found that one of the causes of green
stools was the large proportion of lactic acid in the blood dis¬
solving the phosphate of lime out of the bones. It doubtless unites
with the other alkaline bases in the system and robs the child of its
alkalinity which is so necessary to health. But green stools are not
characteristic of cholera infantum, but of the less severe disease
entero-coliti8. I think the decomposition of the oil and casein of the
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Entero-Cohtis vs. Cholera Infantum.
[May 15
milk (giving us another set of acids) are necessary to the production
of cholera infantum. The decomposition of the oil is easily recog¬
nized by its old cheesy odor.” The acid here is butyric. With this
decomposition of the fat we have the arrest of the digestion of the
nitrogenous elements of the food, and then follows their decomposi¬
tion also. (We can not go into the history of food or milk digestion
to-night, this you will find fully explained in the work on Diseases
of Children, I have the privilege to edit, perhaps more fully and
clearly than in any other work on the subiect). Here is a chemical
fact I wish to call your attention to :
“ When an organic substance containing nitrogen and carbon is
heated, those elements will not unite directly; but if heated with
alkaline potassium or sodium, out of contact with the air they
instantly combine to form Cyanogen C 2 N=bicarburet of Nitrogen,”
(Brand & Taylor, Chemistry, p. 278). It is a significant fact that
food (milk) decomposing in the intestine of a child on a hot day —
when the exhalation of carbonic acid is impeded — is very favorable
for the production of a cyanate.
Cholera and prussic acid poisoning are so very similar that many
have noted the fact. “ Dr. Horn, of Munich, believes that this is the
poison developed in the air and body, giving us cholera. He says if
a small quantity of Hydro-cyanate of Ammonia is added to the blood
the low forms of cholera (choleraic diarrhoea, choleraine) are pro¬
duced.” (Medical Investigator, 1874, April number). If the trans¬
formation of nitrogen giving a cyanate is necessary to the production
of cholera infantum, then my case was not this disease at all. For
the lactic acid effect upon the cranial bones, the miliary eruption and
the sour perspiration were too apparent to be mistaken. It was a
case of systemic irritation, which in the intestines took on conges¬
tion, then positive inflammation.
We might glance briefly at the anatomical lesions of entero-colitis.
Dr. J. Lewis Smith offers an analysis of the post mortem appear¬
ances in eighty-two cases of intestinal inflammation in children. The
upper part of the small intestine, embracing the duodenum and jeju¬
num, was found inflamed in twelve cases, while in fifty-one cases it
was free from inflammation, and of a pale color. The ileum was
inflamed in forty-nine cases, and the csecal portion, including the
ileo-csecal valve, was the part in which the inflammation was uni¬
formly most intense and to which it was often confined; in thirteen
cases there was no enteritis whatever, and in sixteen there was no
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Entero-Colitis vs. Cholera Infantum.
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inflammation of the ileum, so that the ileum was inflamed in all but
three cases where enteritis was present. On the other hand, in all the
cases excepting one, namely, in eighty-one out of eighty-two cases,
there were lesions indicating inflammation of the mucous membrane
of the colon. In thirty-nine the inflammation had effected nearly or
quite the entire extent of this portion of the intestines. In fourteen
it was confined to the descending portion entirely, or almost entirely;
in twenty-eight cases the records state that colitis was present, but
its exact location was not mentioned.
In the acute stage, the increased vascularity (inflammatory hyper¬
emia) may present itself as a uniform, more or less intense, redness
of the mucous membrane ; an appearance which may sometimes
exist in the duodenum, but far more frequently is observed in the
lower end of the ileum, and in the colon. More frequently it takes
the form of arborescent congestion, occurring in patches surrounding
the enlarged follicles. The peritoneal surface may also be more or
less vascular, and quite frequently there are little patches of redness,
ana arborescent vascularity corresponding to the bases of the inflamed
mucous follicles.
The thickening of the mucous membrane usually corresponds to
the degree of vascularity, and when the latter is but slight may be
scarcely appreciable; while in other cases, and especially when asso¬
ciated with much enlargement of the mucous follicles, and oedema of
the submucous tissue, the thickening is highly marked. The inflamed
portions of the mucous membrane are also more or less softened, so
that they can be detached from the subjacent coats more readily than
in health. In some instances, the softening is so extreme that it is
impossible to raise up the mucous membrane in strips at all. These
lesions are all most frequent and marked in the lower part of the
ileum and in the descending part of the colon. In addition to these
changes in the color, thickness, and consistence of the mucous mem¬
brane, the mucous follicles are prominently enlarged. In the normal
state the isolated follicles of the mucous membrane of the intestines,
in young children, appear as minute, grayish-white bodies, and pre¬
sent a grayish point, the excretory orifice, which is only visible with
the aid of a lens. In the course of entero-colitis, however, the morbid
development which they undergo, causes them to present the follow¬
ing characters: The isolated glands are enlarged, and seem, there¬
fore, more numerous than in the health^ condition; they appear in
the form of lenticular grains, seated in the texture of the mucous
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Entero-Colitis vs. Cholera Infantum .
[May 15,
membrane, sometimes projecting from its surface, sometimes not,
and in other instances appearing to be situated beneath it; the
excretory orifices of the follicles are often enlarged and tumid, and
easily distinguished under the form of a grayish or blackish point in
the middle of the gland; in other cases the orifice can not be distin¬
guished until slight pressure is made upon the crypts, when a drop of
turbid mucus may be seen exuding through the open point.
The color of the distended follicles is dull white, rosy or yellowish;
they are generally from one-third to two-thirds of a line in diameter.
Dr. Homer speaks of them in this stage of development as resembling
“ small grains of white sand sprinkled over the mucous membrane,
and about the size of a millet seed.” The agminated glands, or
patches of Peyer, are found in the same state of increased develop¬
ment; they are tumefied, and project above the level of the sur¬
rounding mucous membrane, and the orifices of the follicles are con¬
gested, so as to appear as dark points, giving to the patch a dotted,
punctated appearance, which has been compared to the freshly shaven
chin.
Microscopic examination shows the follicles distended with small,
rounded, granular cells, and imbeded in a luxuriant growth of simi¬
lar cells, which render it almost or quite impossible to draw the line
where the follicle terminates, and the surrounding tissue begins.
Ulceration usually appears to originate in the rupture of one of the
closed follicles, and the discharge of its softened contents into the
intestinal cavity. This is followed by the liquefaction of the inter¬
cellular substance, and the consequent liberation of the broods of the
minute cells into which the surrounding connective tissue has been
transferred. Hence results one of the punched out ulcers described
above. In the subsequent extension of the ulcerations by which
large irregular sinuous ulcers are produced, the progress seems to
take place chiefly in the submucous connective tissue, the superficial
part of the mucous membrane resisting the process until undermined
and its nutrition supply cut off. Hence arises the excavated under¬
mining character of the edges of the ulcers. From the anatomical
point of view, it will therefore be perceived that the morbid pro¬
cess, in the cases in which there is no ulceration, is essentially the
same as those in which ulceration is present. The one lesion is only
a later stage of the other. N ot unfrequentiy there will be found one
or more intussusception of the ileum. These are usually readily
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Entero-Colitis vs, Cholera Infantum,
883
restored, and have evidently occurred during the act of dying.
Smith has however “ in a few instances found intussusceptions which
sustained the weight of two feet or more of intestine, without being
reduced, and which from being in their interior more vascular than
the contiguous membrane, had probably occurred some hours or days
before death, but being sufficiently previous to allow the food to pass,
the symptoms of obstruction were lacking.”
The mesenteric and mesocolic glands are nearly always enlarged, the
most marked enlargement corresponding to the lower end of the
ileum, and the descending colon. The enlarged glands are of a pink
color, and rather more soft and succulent than normal.
Stomach— In a great majority of cases the stomach is quite healthy;
in a few instances, however, there may be found congestion of the
mucous membrane, slight enlargement of the mucous follicles, or
softening of the mucous membrane, probably cadaveric in most
cases.
Liver ,—Many authorities, apparently led by the presence of symp¬
toms supposed to indicate disturbance of the function of the liver,
have assumed that there is in most cases of entero-colitis some mor¬
bid condition of this organ, but extended observation has disproved
this view. Smith has published the result of thirty-two post mortem
examinations in regard to this point. Thus, he states : “ There was
no congestion or torpidity, or hyperactivity, or perverted secretion.
The size of the liver was in some cases very different in those of
about the same age, but probably there was no greater difference
than usually obtains among glandular organs within the limits of
health. In most of the cases the liver was examined microscopically,
and the only fact worthy of note was the variable amount of fatty
matter. Sometimes it was in excess, sometimes it was in mo. erate
quantity, or deficient, and sometimes in greater amount in one por¬
tion of the organ than another.”
The thoracic viscera present no constant or important lesion, though
in a certain proportion of cases there may be found more or less
hypostatic bronchitis, with collapse of portions of the lungs.
The brain presents no lesions dependent upon the disease, when
death occurs during the acute stage. When the case has been pro¬
tracted, and attended with much wasting of the solids and fluids of
the body the brain also diminishes in size, and there is frequently
found marked excess of subarachnoid effusion, in cases where the
fontanelles have closed, while, if these spaces still remain unossified.
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Entero-Colitis vs. Cholera Infantum.
[May 15,
they become markedly depressed. These appearances are, however,
purely passive in their character, and depend upon wasting of the
brain.
Some might think that it made little difference whether we could
accurately diagnose the case as far as treatment .is concerned, that is
true to a certain extent, but when we come to food it is very import¬
ant to know the condition the bowels are in. In cholera the most
serious effects is in the ileum, so we must choose food easily absorbed
and that high up — the higher the better. Milk will not do, although
easily digested it is absorbed low down in the bowels. To give a
cholera case milk alone will be to protract the case. Beef tea being
already digested and absorbed in the stomach, forms one of the best
of nutriments.
In entero-colitis it is too stimulating, we need a bland, soothing,
mu cilagous article like arrow root or milk porridge m small quanti¬
ties. No one would think of stuffing a person with inflammation of
the bowels or dysentery. I am quite confident that our mistaken
kindness in feeding this child was one cause in the way of recovery.
September 16. During a burst of hot weather (when astronomers
told us that Saturn was in apposition with the earth) was called to see
the child of Mr. C-, aged four months. It was vomiting and having
diarrhoea, frequent thin green stools, which on the second day became
slimy and streaked with blood. There was a high fever, restless,
uneasy sleep, with starting and crying out. Constant whining when
awake. Must be tended constantly. Could not bear to be laid on
the back, and would shrink when it was elevated by the feet, as in
changing its diaper. Passing much flatus, abdomen tympanitic, face
pinched, bluish and pearly appearance of cornea. An injected zone
seemed to be forming about the iris. This to me has become very
diagnostic of enteric inflammation. Child bottle-fed on Gerber’s milk
food. Was nursed for two weeks, but the mother was so feeble and
fussy that the milk disagreed (soured). The child was a little thing,
only six pounds, and had colic — as almost all small babies will have
till fleshy. No effort was made by the attending physician to correct
the mother’s milk by proper diet as might easily have been done.
Although the child is small it has a thick head between the ears and
a short neck, indicating to me a good grip on life. It was put on the
most infantile food except breast milk — arrow root with cream —
and the condition explained so that the child would be kept very
quiet. The remedies given were Belladonna 3 and Arsenicum 3 once
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Thermometer in Fevtr.
385
an hour. On the second day when the stools were bloody, Merc . was
substituted but child was worse, and it was put back on former reme¬
dies. In four days it was convalescent and was put on its former
diet in gradually increasing quantities. Comprehending the gravity
of the case, the happy father sent me a $20 gold piece as an evidence
of his appreciation of the result.
The hint I learned from this case was the value of a correct diag¬
nosis and proper feeding. In a therapeutic point of view it is always
well to recognize the true nature of the intestinal disease we have.
The inflammatory character of entero-colitis will need an inflamma¬
tory remedy. Prominent among these stand Belladonna and Arseni¬
cum, while the type of cholera infantum is that of prostration, that
phase of the disease should be kept in mind, to this Veratrum corre¬
sponds.
I hope I have made sufficiently clear the marked difference between
cholera infantum and entero-colitis, so that we will have more correct
and scientific reports. During 1877 there were only sixty-one deaths
reported from entero-colitis, while from cholera infantum there were
reported 530 deaths. I do not believe that there were a tenth of the
cases. If the health officer treated every case reported as cholera
infantum as true cholera, and disinfected the premises, we would, I
imagine, have more accurate reports in Chicago.
Do you know that in all our Homoeopathic literature I could find
only one article on this disease, and that is not very clear, but it is
the best I have seen. It was from our old friend Dr. W. H. Holcombe,
of New Orleans, and appeared in the old United States Medical and
Surgical Journal. This with much more valuable matter I have put
in my work on Diseases of Children.
Thermometer in Fever.— The Berlin Klin Wochen'ft details an
instance where the symptoms of fever were simulated. The respira¬
tion and pulse were voluntarily hastened and the temperature appar¬
ently raised by placing the thermometer in a fold of the night dress in
the axilla and moving the arm against the chest.
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• 386
Clinical Observations.
TMay 15,
Therapeutical Department.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS.
REPORTS FROM THE FIELD OF PRACTICE.
Monroe, Wis., May 4.— There was a good deal of diphtheria
here during the winter. Remedies used : Kali bi., Merc, protoid.
Phytolac ., and Ars . iod. were among the most useful.
H. E. Boardman.
Swanston, vt., April 30.—Prevailing diseases are pertussis, a
few cases of measles, and scarlet fever. Remedies used: (1.) Gels.
Bell., Ipecac. (2.) Acov., Bry., Puls. (3.) Aeon., Bell., Merc, protiod .
J. C. Farley.
Fairfield, Cal., April 20.—Weather here is cool and raining,,
with winds from south and southeast. Diseases most prevalent:
Catarrh of bronchial passages; also, some pneumonia. Remedies
mostly used: Gelsemium , Bell., Merc, sol, Bry. alb. and Fhosph.
G. W. Wilcox.
Manitowoc, Wis., May 12.—We have had a great deal of sick¬
ness here this winter and spring. Bronchitis, pneumonia, jaundice,,
diarrhoea and dysentery have been the principal diseases. Diph¬
theria has cropped out occasionally, and just now is quite prevalent,
so much so that some of the schools have closed on account of it.
The city has just re-appointed me city physician. “ Poor doctor
you know.” R. K. Paine.
Lyons Farms, N. J., May, 11.— The past fall and winter haa
been with us here remarkably healthy. Such few cases as have
come to our notice have been mostly such as required Bry. and
Lycopodium, one or both, but especially the latter in the more
serious cases. In fact, the range of this much overlooked and
(strangely enough) despised medicinal agent is something wonder¬
ful to even one familiar with the oft-times marvelous results to be
witnessed in the gravest of cases after the exhibition of the proper
Hommopathic remedy. Its depressing action being especially evinced
in the vegetative sphere, in a gradual undermining of the very
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citadel of life, this valuable polychrest should be better known
and appreciated by the members composing the Homoeopathic
profession than it is. We are satisfied that Arsenicum has been
frequently administered for a state of great bodily prostration
occurring in the later stages of many acute diseases where Lyco¬
podium should have been. In fact, the universally accepted
key-notes for Arsenicum,—frequent thirst for small quantities , and an
after-midnight aggravation—are of no uncommon occurrence in
these Lycopodium cases. Frequently, we have also an early after¬
noon rise of fever coupled with other symptoms such as would
lead us to think of Bellad. But especially to be noted is a per¬
nicious form of intermittent (congestive chill) appearing at 9, a. M.,
and continuing throughout the day—passing off about 5, p. m.
of the first day, without subsequent heat or sweat. The next one
anticipates by coming at 7 a. m. Cold nose , ihands and feet.
Look out for them. Belladonna seems to be contesting for the lead
with Lycopodium this spring. It bids fair to be the epidemic
remedy this coming summer from present appearances. To return
to Lycopodium , unless men are willing to throw overboard all mere
theorizing concerning the efficacy of the higher attenuations (200th
and upwards) they need not expect any very satisfactory results from
the administration of this remedv, even in the 30th,, in many
cases. J. E. Wjnans.
WEATHER PROVING AND DISEASE TENDENCY .
BY BUSHROD W. JAMES, A. M., M. D.,. PHILADELPHIA, PA.
Rtad Before the Hahnemann Medical Club of Philadelphia.
Meteorological summary for April, 1880, by T. F. Townsend, S. S.
Corps, U. S. A.: Highest barometer, 30.374 (28th). Lowest barom¬
eter, 29.543 (10th). Average barometer, 30.22. Monthly range of
barometer, 831 inches. Highest temperature, 81°(14th & 15th). Lowest
temperature, 29° (12th). Average temperature, 52.4°. Monthly range
of temperatuae, 52°. Greatest daily range of temperature, 31 (14th).
Least daily range of temperature, 5° (24th). Mean of maximum tem¬
perature, 62.2*. Mean of minimum [temperature, 43.4 U . Mean daily
range of temperature, 18.8°. Mean relative humidity, 57°. Total
rainfall snow, 2.43 inches. Prevailing direction of wind, southwest.
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388
Weather Proving and JJisease Tendency.
[May 15,
Maximum velocity of winds, 41 miles (W.30th). Total movement
wind, 96.24 miles. Number of foggy days, none. Number of clear
days, 14. Number of fair days, 8. Number of cloudy days on which
rain fell, 6. Number of cloudy days on which no rain fell, 2. Total
number of days on which rain fell, 10. Frost occurred on the 8th,
11th, and 12th. Solar halos on 22nd.
COMPARATIVE TEMPERATURE.
April. 1876,
44 1877,
44 1878,
14 1879,
44 1880,
49.1 inches.
50.0 44
55.9 44
49.1 44
52.4 44
Average for ) « o
five years. j 01
COMPARATIVE PRECIPITATION.
April, 1876,
1877,
1878,
44 1879,
44 1880,
2.16 inches.
2.66 44
2.55 44
4.21 44
2.43
Average for
five years.
DISEASE TENDENCY.
During April the mean daily range of temperature being about 18 v ,
the least daily range being 5 W , and the greatest daily range being 31°,
with a considerable amount of humidity, together with high winds
and more or less frost, caused most of the disease tendencies of
March to linger well on through April.
The general disposition of diseases of the entire month were
catarrhal influenzas, bronchitis, pneumonia, hepatic, gastric and
enteric derangements, neuralgia, rheumatism, especially lumbago,
albumenurea, measles, scarlatina, typhoid fever, and such skin
diseases as erythema, erysipelas and hives.
In addition to these we found in the early part of the month
that heart and nervous diseases were worse, and there was a
great disposition to languor, debility, headache, sorethroat, epistaxis
and hepatic disturbances, and renal complications, resulting, in
some cases, in the suppression of urine; then followed otalgia,
enteralgia, paralysis and a great disposition to dropsy.
During the second week hepatic and gastric derangements with
vomiting of bile, diphtheritic angina tonsilaris, diarrhoea, lumbago,
and nervous debility, with tired drowsy feelings, were more
prominent.
During the high winds of the 11th., which caused a great
amount of dust to fly in the atmosphere, we found an increase of
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1880.]
Weather Proving and Disease Tendency .
neuralgia, bronchial, laryngeal, and pulmonary congestions and
inflammations; sore throat and coughs were in this manner induced
also.
During the third week coryza, croup, debility, backache and
headache, erysipelas, otalgia and odontalgia, sorethroat and malar¬
ial fever were especially noticeable.
During the last week there was more sore throat, and it assumed
more of a diphtheritic character.
Asthma and bronchial cough, intermittent fever, epistaxis, ner¬
vous diseases, typhoid fever, diarrhoea were the other observable
tendencies.
OBSERVATIONS.
The sorethroat, and bronchitis, and pneumonia and some of the
rheumatic attacks were due to change of clothing from thick to
thinner garments which people make regardless of consequences
when the spring season sets in, whereas, the sudden and frequent
rise and fall of temperatures that always occur in this part of the
year, as well as in the autumn, are heedlessly overlooked. The
great disposition to lumbago, and albumenurea and renal diseases
is not so easily accounted for, as they have not been so prevalent
in former years. The typhoid tendency and general debility, and
nervous prostration were doubtless, in a great measure, due to the
“letting down ” of the normal physical tone of the human system
from the cooler months, to the more relaxing and enervating
atmosphere of spring; while people continue the same amount of
mental and physical toil during the twenty-four hours of the day
that they were in the habit of in winter, or even use additional
exertion in view of spring trades of every kind, household cleans¬
ings, movings and taking on various new duties in one way or
another.
This, over* burdening the now relaxed physical powers, doubtless
allows a loophole for the inroad of any of the prostrating fevers
and nervous derangements.
REMEDIES.
Coloqjnthis came into very general use for the umbilical colic and
neuralgic pains, and the painful diarrhoeas.
Belladonna met the erysipelas, the mild sorethroats, the epistaxis,
headaches and congestions resulting from fresh colds.
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An Extensive Burn .
|May 15,
Bryonia for the rheumatic and pleuritic tendencies.
Mercurius vivus for the diarrhoea in general.
Arsenicum for the eruptions and gastric troubles.
Sulphur also was quite frequently needed.
AN EXTENSIVE BURN.
During the month of February last, a case of an extraordinary
bum from lightning came under my care, and the healing of the
wounds under the treatment pursued was so satisfactory that it
seems to me worthy of publication.
During a severe thunder-storm the patient and another man were
working under the shed of a brick kiln. The shed was struck by
lightning, which ran down a post near which they were standing,
and leaving the post, struck first one and then the other man.
They were both knocked senseless and their clothes set on tire.
They both remained in this condition some minutes, and on com¬
ing to, found their clothes almost burnt off, and their flesh badly
burned. They so far recovered their senses as to be able to roll
in a puddle of water near by and put the fire out. I was called
to one of them within an hour after the accident, and found him
in a severe chill from the shock and cold. We undressed him and
put him to bed, and by the aid of external heat and small frequent
doses of whisky and hot water, soon brought about a re-action.
On examination I found he had a large burn on both shoulders,
and from the left extending to the elbow aDd over the entire left
half of the back, extending over the crest of the ilium to the
pubis, covering also the whole of the buttocks and between them
to the verge of the anus on both sides; it also covered the entire
outer half of the left leg and the dorsum of the foot. In addition
to this the charge exploded in his boot at the ball of the little
toe, tearing his boot to pieces and tearing his foot fearfully at
that point. The skin was burnt off over most of this surface,
the rest was blistered and in most cases the blisters burst open and
covered with the sand and dirt in which they had rolled. It may
safely be imagined that I was thoroughly alarmed for his recovery
from so severe and extensive a burn, the febrile reaction likely to
occur and the inflammation which would follow. The thing that
seemed to me most reasonable was a poultice, and I had immediately
made a poultice of ground flaxseed mixed with hot water and large
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1880.]
An Extensive Bum.
391
enough to encase the whole leg with others for the body and should¬
ers. These I allowed to remain for thirty-six hours before removal,
keeping them constantly wet from the outside with hot water. I also
put the patient upon Aconite internally, once every hour unless he fell
asleep. Under this treatment he was able to sleep considerable the
first night, and afterwards as much as he needed; the wounds on
removing the first poultice seemed almost entirely free from inflam¬
mation and covered with a nice coat of thick mucilaginous serum,
did not have any burning pain, and commenced the healing process
from the first. The pulse also kept in excellent condition and never
exceeded 100 and only reached that during one day.
We continued the poultice until the inflammation was entirely
gone, and ihen treated the wounds with Cosmoline. The inflammation
was entirely Junder control all the time, there was very little sup¬
puration at any time, the healing process began immediately and
continued steadily and in four weeks he was able to be dressed and
around the house with a cane.
His prompt recovery was the wonder of everybody, and can be
ascribed to nothing else but the prompt and beautiful action of the
flaxseed poultice and the internal treatment. It might be proper to
state that his fellow sufferer, who was not so badly burnt, was under
Allopathic treatment with whisky and Opium internally and linseed
oil and limewater applied on cotton to his bums; that he lay for
weeks in a burning fever, suffering intense pain with his bums; that
the inflammation spread steadily; that the suppuration was excessive
and prostrating, and that he to-day, while his mate of thirty years
greater age is now walking about in almost sound health, is lying
doubtful of recovery, worn out with pain and exhausted by suppur¬
ation and bad medication.
The flaxseed seems to me especially worthy of consideration, in
that it so completely controlled the inflammation while it protected
the parts, that it kept the sufferer free from the severe burning pain
that accompanies a burn, and that it promoted so quickly the healing
process.
While claiming nothing new or original in this treatment, I think it
is worthy a place in every physician’s memory and a trial in these
severe cases which one occasionally meets in practice.
T. M. Watson.
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Acute and Chronic Diseases.
' LMaY 15,
ACUTE AND CHRONIC DISEASES.
BY C. P. JENNING8, 8. T. D.
An Essay prepared by Appointment of The Central New York Homoeopathic
Medical Society, read at the Quartet ly Meeting in Syracuse, N. Y.,
Dec. 18, A. D. 1879, and Ordered to be Published.
Disease—what is it V It is common to look upon disease as an en¬
tity, a “ definite, concrete thing ” existing in the organism. A name
is set down over against it, and therapeutics is expected to remove
the morbid entity. Pathology traces disease to the abnormal action
of the walls and nuclei of the microscopic cells; and, it thinks it has
found in such abnormal action the nature of disease. It fails to see
that the disturbed function of cells is an effect, instead of being the
primary cause. It should ask the reason for the deranged action of
the cells; and. then, it would find itself face to face with a dynamic
force, invisible, intangible, known by its effects only, itself always
eluding us. Its essence remains an unsolved mystery. The very
name, disease, teaches this. Dis-ease, loss of ease; not a substan¬
tive thing, but a negative, although it brings to pass positive results.
The loss of ease is in itself an effect. Some occult force disturbs
the equipoise of the organism, and gives rise to a certain morbid pro¬
cess, more or less painful and damaging. We call the process disease.
The name is accepted universally. It cannot be displaced from medi¬
cal nomenclature. We must speak of diseases; but, we need not
allow ourselves to be misled by the error which lies in the name.
Though they are not concrete entitles, yet diseases are definite con¬
ditions of the organism ; and, these conditions admit of names, and
of general descriptions as types in pathology. We accept patholgy
as necessary to diagnosis, and to prognosis ; but, we know that the
same disease is not completely identical in different persons.
How distinguish between acute and chronic diseases V
Carroll Dunham thought that/ 1 from the standpoint of practice,”
“ a clear and well-defined distinction between acute and chronic dis¬
eases is not possible; ” that we cannot “ base such a distinction upon
the element of time alone, paying regard only to the duration of the
disease,” nor “ upon a pathological conception— i. e., upon the pre¬
sumed existence in the patient of some dyscrasia, diathesis, or
miasm.” He says, that in practice it is impossible to make the distinc¬
tion at the beginning of an illness. Many cases, which “ begin with¬
out any sign of miasmatic or dyscratic complication, often develop ’
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such complication ; at the outset regarded as acute, they *• prove in
their course to be unmistakably chronic.” (See Transactions of the
N. I. State Homoeopathic Medical Society, Yol. II., Art. V.)
Hartmann defines acute diseases to be “ sudden disturbances of the
vital force, characterized by the greater rapidity with which they
run through their course and by the powerful reaction which takes
place in the vascular system.” Concerning chronic diseases the same
author says, that they “ frequently arise from a disturbance of the
vital force, which is seated in the vegetative system.” Their begin¬
ning is scarcely perceived. They gradually prevail over the vital
force, “ so that it is only able to offer an inadequate resistance.”
(See Acute and Chronic Diseases, by F. Hartmann, M. D., Hempel’s
translation, New York, 1847, Vol. I., pp. 15, 46.)
Hahnemann defines acute and chronic diseases thus: Acute dis¬
eases “are rapid operations of the vital power departed from its
natural condition, which terminate in a shorter or longer period of
time, are always of moderate duration.” Chronic diseases “are less
distinct, and often almost imperceptible on their first appearance.”
They “ seize upon the organism, each according to his own peculiar
manner, and remove it by degrees so far from the state of health
that the automatic vital energy which is destined to support the
latter, and which is called the vital power, cannot resist but in a use¬
less and imperfect manner; and not being potent enough to extin¬
guish them herself, she is compelled to allow them to grow, until, in
the end. they destroy the organism.” (Organon, p. 72).
The distinction has reference to time. Acute, Latin, acutus , means
sharp, coming quickly to a point, or termination ; and, as applied to
disease, it describes the duration of the disease as limited; while the
term chronic, Greek, chronos , chronikos , is given to disease when
slow in its movement, and tending to a long duration.
“ Acute diseases (says Grauvogl) run their course, so to say, in the
track marked out by the bodily constitutions.” If an acute disease
change the bodily constitution, it has resulted in some form of chronic
disease.” (See Grauvogl’s Text Book, p. 291). When a disease has
compelled the organism to tolerate it, and adjust itself to it, it has
become chronic. Hence, a chronic disease tends to structural changes
even if there be no other change than the thickening of the cuticle
or of the mucous membrane over a small surface. Because of struc¬
tural changes there is diminished or augmented sensibility in chronic
diseases. Hence, also, they do not disappear of themselves ; they
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continue to increase in intensity, though slowly; they prevail not¬
withstanding vigour of constitution, and strictness of regimen.
Acute diseases are self-limiting. They tend towards a crisis. In the
crisis, either the patient dies; or, the disease is extinguished, and the
patient recovers; or, the disease passes into a chronic form.
Hahnemann speaks of “ chronic diseases which border on the
acute ” (Chronic Diseases, p. 161). To-day, we call them sub-acute.
It is to be said, that diseased conditions, though long-continued,
should not be called chronic, when they are due to causes from with¬
out the organism, and disappear upon said causes ceasing to act.
Can a satisfactory account be given of the causes of disease?
Generally speaking they may be classified as : (1.) Proximate. (2.)
Remote. Among the proximate causes of acute diseases are all those
speciiic miasms which produce such independent, idiopathic, self-
limiting diseases as scarlatina, rubeola, variola, etc. And many
diseases, both acute and chronic, are due to exposure, fatigue, ex¬
cesses, abstinences, and the like, causes over which men have some
control. There are proximate causes over which men have little or
no control, causes telluric, atmospheric, solar, and even asteroidal.
There are those who would add the adjective, lunar, to the list; and
not without reasons drawn from experience. Nor should we omit to
signalize improper medical treatment as a fruitful cause of chronic
diseases. Probably these are the most difficult of cure. Also, there
,are states of mind which beget disease of the body. Oftentimes,
acute diseases leave chronic diseases behind them.
Do these statements meet all the conditions of the problem ? Many
think that they do not; that, there are remote causes, which under¬
lie proximate causes, and make these proximate causes effective.
They conjecture that there is, in a majority of sick persons, a latent
constitutional dyscrasia, which predisposes them to disease. It may
be hereditary; or, it may have been acquired.
This conjecture is thought to be warranted by such facts as the
following :
1. A patient improves under a carefully selected remedy, and then
comes to a stand. The same remedy seems to be indicated, and it is
repeated; the improvement proceeds, but it moves more slowly, and
then it ceases. The same medicine seems to be indicated ; and yet it
fails to affect the patient. Why ? Or, a portion of the symptoms
disappear under the administration of a remedy; but, the disease
retains a firm hold upon the patient. Why? There may not be
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causes at extra; nor, change in the normal and mental feelings of the
patient; nor, medicinal aggravation; nor, any discoverable cause.
The inquiry after the cause is supposed to find an answer in the theory
of a latent dyscrasia.
2. Acute idiopathic diseases often yield promptly, while chron ic
affections prove obstinate against well-selected remedies. New symp¬
toms come to the front as old ones disappear. Why ?
3. The members of the same family are vaccinated with the same
virus, at the same time. Some of them improve afterwards in gen¬
eral condition, while others are harrassed with an eruption, or with
blennorrhQBas, or suppurations, etc. Why V Some specific contagion,
as scarlatina, muy seize upon all the children of the same family.
Some of them recover; some of them are left with chronic sequeloc ;
some of them die. The treatment has been skillful. Why the differ*
ence in the results V Some will answer, a latent constitutional taint
reposed in the organism, and the vaccine virus, or the contagion
waked it up.
4. A cause of disease acts upon many men at the same time, under
the same environment. Some of them sicken. Others have perfect
immunity. The causa occasionalis must needs find and concur with
an individual susceptibility. How shall we account for this suscepti¬
bility V An analogous fact is cited, that all parasites require a suit¬
able soil, or nidus. In the absence of this, they will not fasten upon
the organism; they cannot live in it. It is claimed that this is a fact
and that it points to a constitutional cachexia.
5. Dermal eruptions may be killed by topical applications; but,
the patient is liable to be attacked thereafter with other and severer
forms of disease. Ulcers, instead of yielding to local, and surgical
treatment, are made thereby liable to become phagedeenic. Dropsies
are not cured by removing the fluid. These facts show that such dis¬
eases are not purely local. They are the localized expressions of gen¬
eral affections of the organism. It is inferred by some that nearly all
chronic diseases owe their existence to a bad habit of the body.
6. In contagion there is, first of all, the moment of infection,
when the system takes the poison. This is followed by a period of
incubation, during which period the entire internal system is brought
under the power of the poison. The virus propagates itself, and
obtains control of the centres. The third stage is the disturbance of
the general health. This declares itself in symptoms objective and
subjective. The virus has extended its power from the centres to the
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periphery. The tendency is from within to without. The external
manifestations are secondary and vicarious effects of the infection.
They presuppose an inward empoisoned condition. Exhaust the
internal fountain-head of the disease, and you extinguish the out¬
ward signs of it. The infection having become general, the amputa¬
tion of a limb, whereon a malignant token of the infection may have
localized itself, will not heal the disorder. This series of facts is
thought to sustain the position that, by way of analogy, chronic dis¬
eases are manifestations of an internal infection of the system from
some miasm; that the inner feeds the outer; that as, in morals the
outward action is held to embody and index the inward disposition,
and no permanent cure of the outward evil life is expected until the
inward disposition be corrected, so external symptoms of disease are
sure tokens of constitutional derangement, and the cure is to be
accomplished by annihilating the internal disturber. Ablutions, cau-
terizings, setons, exsections will avail nothing towards healing a
contagion u instilled into the hidden fountains of life.”
Painful internal sufferings are often relieved by an eruption on the
skin; and, they return if the eruption be suppressed. Certainly this
fact suggests that the eruption is vicarious; that it is in the line of
cure, if a cure be possible; that the eruption is not a purely local
affection, but has an internal fountain-head. It is claimed that this
fact suggests also the probability that nearly all chronic diseases are
due to a constitutional miasm.
It is said, that, under favourable conditions, this latent miasm con¬
sists with a good degree of vigour and health; but, at any time,
contrary conditions permit it to rouse itself into action. Then, the
resulting disease is likely to be violent; convalescence will be tardy,
and easy of interruption; relapses will be difficult to guard against;
and, some enervating, if not disabling, chronic disease will settle
down, like an incubus, upon the patient. These results are out of
proportion to the proximate causes of the disease. It is inferred that
they belong to a deeply-seated, constitutional dyscrasia.
7. There are medicines which are polychrests. This fact is inter¬
preted to mean that a very large number of maladies, seemingly dif¬
ferent, have a principle of unity; and, that unity lies in one fountain
head; and, that fountain-head is a latent constitutional dyscrasia.
8. Syphilis and sycosis will yield to Homoeopathic remedies; but,
never do they tend to become extinct of themselves. Why should
other chronic ailments prove incurable, and grow worse, notwith-
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397
standing the exhibition of Homoeopathic medicines ? This is thought
to suggest the presence of a constitutional depravation lying back of
them, and sustaining them.
In looking for the principle which underlies such facts, many have
set forth this la^r, that almost all non-venereal, and non-toxic chronic
diseases are due to an internal psora. Hahnemann says: he observed
“ the non-venereal chronic diseases, even after having been repeat¬
edly and successfully removed by their known Homoeopathic rem¬
edy, continually reappear in a more or less modified form, and with
a yearly increase of disagreeable symptoms.” This led him to think,
“that the phenomena which appeared to constitute the ostensible
disease, ought not to be regarded as the whole boundaries of the dis¬
ease “ but that this ostensible disease was a mere fragment of a
much more deep-seated, primitive evil, the great extent of which
might be inferred from the new symptoms which continued to appear
from time to time.” He says: he “ became Convinced that the first
condition of finding out one or more Homoeopathic medicines which
should cover all the symptoms characterizing the whole disturbance,
was, to discover all the ailments and symptoms inherent in the
unknown primitive malady.” He concluded that this primitive dis¬
ease owed its existence to some chronic miasm . For as soon as it had
reached a certain height, it never yielded to the simple action of a
robust constitution, or to the best regulated diet, or mode of life.”
He fixed upon a previously existing itch as the cause of the persist¬
ence of seven-eighths of non-venereal chronic diseases. He says,
this may “ exist either with or without an eruption upon the skin.”
He claims that this theory led him to new successes in the combat
with inveterate chronic diseases; and, his successes confirmed him
in the belief that he had found the internal enemy which had baffled
him and his colleagues so long, and so mysteriously. (See Hahne¬
mann’s Chronic Diseases, Hempel's translation, pp. 19-21. Also, The
Orgauon, par. 80).
Hahnemann designates this latent miasm by the name of psora.
He calls it a kind of internal itch (Chronie Diseases, p. 21). He
speaks of the psoric eruption as having been reduced, in civilized
countries, in the 14th and 15th centuries A. D., “ to a simple mani¬
festation of the common itch ” (Chronic Diseases, p. 26).
Hahnemann’s doctrine, stated by himself with careful precision, is
this: “All non-venereal chronic diseases that can neither be cured
by regular diet nor favourable circumstances, which on the contrary.
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increase in the course of time, originate in psora ” (Chronic Diseases
p. 106, Note). He believed such a patient must have had itch-vesicles,
few or many, at some period of his life, although he cannot recollect
them, and even may not have been aware of the infection. He
believed it must have been communicated to him by contact, some¬
where, at sometime. He excepts all venereal diseases, all chronic
maladies arising from unhealthy modes of living, and all factitious
diseases arising from vicious medical treatment. He believed the
itch to be communicated with wonderful facility.* Hartmann says:
Hahnemann would ask his patient if they had ever had the itch. At
last, he would say to them, in a very positive manner, u You have at
some time had the itch.” A majority of the patients would reply in
the affirmative. (See Teste on Diseases of Children, Cincinnati
Edition, 1854, p. 174). He thought the itch-eruption to have been the
earliest form ot psora; and, that the vast majority of mankind had
had the itch.
Did Hahnemann identify psora with Scabies Acarif Many utter¬
ances look that way *, chiefly, his description of the itch in connection
with the statement of his theory of psora. He says, the itch may
present itself upon the skin as a transparent vesicle, which after¬
wards fills with pus; or, as a rash granule; or, as pimples; or, as
little scabs which have become scattered by means of friction. If
the patient be a child, he incessantly scratches the spot upon which
the eruption is seen ; if an adult, he complains “ of a voluptuously
itching eruption, (were it but a single pimple), which is especially
vehement in the evening and during the night, and becomes intoler¬
able unless it be scratched,” after which he experiences a burning
pain. (Chronic Diseases, 131). Other sayings of Hahnemann are at
hand, and they seem to set forth another doctrine. He says, that the
itch originates in an internal psora (Chronic Diseases, p. 61, Note).
He calls it one of the simpler manifestations of psora (Ibid., p. 26).
He calls tenia capitis , crusta lactea, herpes , etc., varieties of the itch
(Ibid., p. 49). He pronounced psora the basis of the itch (Ibid. p. 23).
He thought psora to be multiform ; a morbid miasm existing in the
body, coming to the surface in almost numberless varieties of erup¬
tion.!
• He says that “ Psora is the most contagious of all chronic miasms that “the
passive miasm taints the system, especially that of children, by simply touching
the skin that “ the injection by the psorlc miasm is more common, more cer¬
tain, more ea«y and more absolute than that by any other.” (Chronic Diseases, pp.
56,56).
t He attributes its appearance in so many diverse forms to its progress “through
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Hahnemann was not ignorant of the iSarcoptes hominis. He
described it before he published the Homoeopathic law. Probably,
he looked upon the itch-mite as the product, rather than the cause of
disease. He considered the ancient leprosy a variety of psora; also
the St. Anthony’s Fire, which harassed Europe during the Dark
Ages, he thought to be a form of psora; and that by means of a suit¬
able regimen these malignant varieties of psora had gradually taken
the mild form of scabies.
Carroll Dunham says : Hahnemann includes under the term, itch,
“ all eruptions which become moist on being scratched.” He quotes
Dr. Copeland as saying, that “ the ancients comprehended under the
names psora and scabies, besides itch, properly so called, eczema,
prurigo, lichen, and ecthyma.” Not till 1834 was the name scabies
or itch restricted to the eruption produced by the itch-insect (Trans¬
actions of The Homoeopathic Medical Society of New York, Vol. III.,
Art. xiii).
Raue understands Hahnemann to have given, under psora, a tout
ensemble of chronic cutaneous affections in general (Pathology and
Therapeautics, p. 826).
Lilienthal teaches, “ that the pith of the psora theory is not reputed
by the discovery of the acarus, nor by the generatic cequivoca, nor by
the propagation of the animalcule.” He affirms that Hahnemann
“ understood by the word psora and psora-dyscrasia that undefinable
contamination of the blood, so often found in our days that a healthy
offspring is a rara atns in our civilized age ” (Transactions of the
Homoeopathic Medical Society of the State of New York, Vol. VIII.,
pp. 449, 460).
Grauvogl reasons, that because the same diseases, which Hahne¬
mann declared to be sequels of scabies, are to-day still at work ; and,
the same remedies which he gave us under the name of antipsorica,
act favourably, and cure to-day yet the same series of diseases, there¬
fore the psora theory is true. He thinks psora has given rise to the
acarus and other vermin, and has not taken its origin from the
acarus. (See Text Hook, par. 306).
Hahnemann used the term psora in its most ancient senses.
Greek, psaoo , to rub; Hebrew, tzadey, to strike down, to prostrate;
hence, to be leprous. See Leviticus xiii. 44; xxi. 20; xxii. 4; 2 Kings
the organisms of millions of individuals in the course of some hunreds of genera¬
tions to the multiplicity of circumstances that contribute to the manifestation
of the great diversity; and to the infinite variety of individual constitutions
(Organon, par. 81).
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v. 1, 27; xv. 5. The Septuagint renders it psoora agria, a malignant
mange, a rough scabbiness. Gesenius thinks tzadey , is probably the
equivalent of ghadey , to scratch, to scrape. A commentator on the
Talmud (Jonathan by name), savs that the word, ledichith , represents
lichen. Plato calls the itch glukupikron , sweetly bitter. (See Hahne¬
mann on Chron. Dis., p. 25, Note.)
It is well to give a generous interpretation to the teachings of
Hahnemann upon this subject. It is difficult, however, to defend
him against the charge of having taught that the itch has been
communicated to nearly all the human race; and, that it is the cause
of seven-eighths of non-venereal diseases.
It is well to note that Hahnemann did not mean by psora an inher¬
ent natural adaptation in man to physical evil. Hahnemann was not
a Manichaean.
Concerning this theory of psora it must be said :
1. It is not universally accepted in our school. It is not an inte¬
gral part of Homoeopathy. Homoeopathy is not responsible for it.
Eminent men of the Old School taught this theory before Hahne¬
mann, notably Autenreith, and Hoffmann. Hahnemann did not
adopt the doctrine until some thirty years after he had announced
the Therapeutic Law. Long before he promulgated this theory, he
published remarkable cures of diseases which, in his after life, he
classed as psoric. As Europe was in a chronic state of war in his
time, probably the itch prevailed upon the Continent (Dudgeon’s
Lectures, Manchester Edition, 1854, p. 291).
2. One of the arguments greatly depended upon is utterly falla¬
cious. To say that chronic diseases are due to psora because anti-
psoric medicines cure them, is to beg the question. Hahnemann
settled upon Thuya and Nitric acid as the great anti-sycotics. To
infer that all diseases curable by these are therefore sycotic would be
illogical. And from the fact that certain medicines remove what is
supposed to be psora to infer that therefore all the diseases amenable
to these medicines are due to the psoric miasm, is reasoning in a
circle. •
3. The theory is closely allied with the humorism of Broussais. He
attributed all diseases to a depraved state of the humours of the
body, Hahnemann to a kind of latent internal itch. At best the
theory belongs to the domain of pathology. It seems to teach that
there is a materies morbi , a peccant humour lying in wait in the body;
that the psoric miasm is a substantive entity. Certainly it brings us
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no nearefr to the solution of the problem of disease. It does not
Teveal to us what disease is in its essence; and, yet, there is danger
that psora will be taken to be the Essential nature of chronic diseases.
At best, psora can be an effect only (be it sensible, or latent) of some
inscrutable dynamic disturbance of the equilibrium of the vital
forces. We should be chary of any theory which would be what
Teste calls a u blind, absolute and final submission of therapeutics to
the abstract speculations of general pathology ” (Mat. Med., Intro¬
duction).
4. The theory of psora is liable to interfere with the Therapeutic
Law. Hahnemann has taught us to trace diseases to dynamic causes;
to individualize every case of disease; and, to exhibit the similar
remedy, because drugs dynamically neutralize the dynamic causes of
disease. Only a dynamic force can counter-act another dynamic
force. Not the disease, not the psoric taint, is the ground of choice
in selecting a remedy, but the characteristic state of the patient.
According to Hahnemann “ without the most especial individualiza¬
tion, Homoeopathy has no meaning ” (Organon, par. 28, Note). The
theory of psora may lead a physician to prescribe for that miasm by
name, instead of adhering to the law of similars. Can any diseased
condition be treated successfully in any other method than according
to symptoms? By symptoms we mean all manifestations of disease,
both objective and subjective. If there be gathered up all the phen¬
omena in a case, not forgetting the concomitant, the anamnesis, and
the temperamant, and the mode of life; and, if the remedy be
selected according to the entire picture of the case, we obey the law
of similars. If the theory of psora lead us to choose the medicine
on general principles, we are at fault. The well-chosen medicine
cures, not because it sustains a certain relation to psora, but because
it meets the dynamical cause of the morbid phenomena.
Baehr regards the psora theory “ as a convenient means of getting
over difficulties that we do not know how to solve, and over which we
glide with vague generalities ” (Therapeutics, Hempel’s translation,
Yol. I., p. 187). If one adopts the theory, he should not allow it to
excuse him from a diligent search after the simillimum in every
serious case. The directions given by Hahnemann in the Organon,
par’s. 84-104, for tracing out an image of the disease in any given
case show him to have possessed “ the genius of observation.” He
was all eye, all ear, all nose, all touch—every sense was alert All
Homoeopathists should cultivate the same habit. This enables a
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physician to ascertain, by the totality of symptoms, what general
constitutional condition it is which issues in the abnormal action of
any given organ or organs; and, to address his treatment to the
dynamic cause of the affection.
5. Unquestionably there are diatheses, predispositions of the body
to certain diseases. There are dartrous, arthritic, and strumous dys-
crasiae. Psora can be classed with these. It has not been proven yet
that psora is the one all-comprehending fons et origo malt. Psora, in
the wide sense, is a physiological and pathological fact. The proof
does not suffice as yet that it is fundamental to nearly all non-venereal
and non-toxic chronic diseases. It is at least an open question. Wolf
believed sycosis to be a combination of syphilis with psora ; and that
psora is older than syphilis a poison of the human race, and a
continual source of chronic diseases (U. S. Journal of Homeopathy
for 1860, p. 783). This position is more extreme than Hahnemann’s.
Raue understands the essence of Hahnemann’s psora-theory to be*
that the affections of the skin “ are almost always tokens of some
internal derangements, hence their suppression is almost always fol¬
lowed by an aggravation of internal troubles. On the other hand,
internal complaints get better in the same degree that the morbid
process passes outwardly to the skin ” (Pathology and Therapeutics;
p. 606). To this moderate statement there can be little, if any
exception.
6. It cannot be denied that the suppression of cutaneous eruption*
is ant to be followed by diseases of a serious character ; and, that
these diseases tend to become chronic. The skin is in organic con¬
nection with all other parts of the body. The affection of the skin
is not a purely external efflorescence. It is an effort to eliminate an
internal malady. To throw it back into the system is likely to
intensify it, and weaken the power to eliminate it.'Suppressing it does
not change the essence of the disease. It will probably force itself
upon some noble organ. Hahnemann cites a large number of cases
from the annals of the Old School, sustaining this position (Chronic
Diseases, pps. 34-49) Many cases of exostoses, tubercles, degenera¬
tion of tissue, cysts, carcinoma, etc., have been traced to such a mode
of treating diseases of the skin. (See GrauvogPs Text-Book. Vol.
II., p. 221). But, is it therefore to be inferred that all forms of
chronic diseases had such an origin? Because a certain form of
hydrocephalus, or of phthisis, or of epilepsy has followed the sup-
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pression of scabies, is it right to conclude that all forms of these
diseases are due to suppressed scabies ?
And must we believe that all cutaneous affections are essentially
one ? May not each be distinct, having its own individuality, fol¬
lowed by its own peculiar chronic effects in the organism ? (See
•Gibbon’8 Lectures, p. 297).
Hahnemann’s belief that nearly all non-venereal chronic diseases
are born of suppressed itch, made him enthusiastic as to power to
prevent them by suitable treatment of the recently formed primitive
eruption. He claimed that this, with its internal psoric disease,
yields, in a few weeks, to a few globules of Sulphur (Chronic Dis¬
eases, p. 131). He adds the cautionary statement that this cannot be
done after suppression, even if the eruption re-appear. Suppression
renders the cure difficult (Ibid., pp. 127,128,135). Whether the acarus
is cause or product of the itch' whether prompt extermination of the
insect upon his first appearance will be followed by perfect health,
and whether the organism can be put into such healthful condition
that the acarus cannot remain in it and generate disease, these are
questions the future must solve. As yet they are in debate.
7. Notwithstanding all which may be said rightly against the
theory, nevertheless it was a splendid effort to generalize the phe¬
nomena of chronic diseases by referring them to three fundamental
sources. Hahnemann named syphilis, sycosis, and psora. Grauvogl
approximates unifaction of diseases by a three-fold classification of
bodily constitution, i. e., “ three distinct fundamental characters of
general tissue and blood-qualitiesthe hydrogenoid, “ distinguished
by an abnormal quantity of water, chiefly in the blood;” the oxy-
genoid, characterized “ by the increased capacity for oxidation of the
organic constituentsthe carbo-nitrogenoid, marked by the impeded
reception of ozone, and the favouring of the predominant formation
or retention of carbo-hydrogenoid substances in the organism ”
(Text Book, Vol. II., par. 307). The ©tological school, as represented
by Rademacher, classifies all remedies in three groups, copper and its
analogues, iron and its analogues, and nitrate of soda and its ana¬
logues. This school insists that, instead of stopping short with symp¬
tomatic groups and processes of disease, and giving them names, and
setting them up as objects of cure, physicians should “ trace back the
changeable phenomena and changing processes to their unchangeable
source,” and search for “ that law which contains the essential in the
contingent, the necessary in the changing” (Ibid., Vol. I., par. 165).
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All such attempts point in one direction, the referring of all chronic
diseases to dyscratic conditions of the organism, and the unifying of
all dyscratic states in one. If this be accomplished, it will be a
crowning triumph of pathological science. Also, it will be a signal
gain to therapeutics if it shall increase our ability to select remedies-
according to the law of similars. It will embarrass therapeutics if it
lead physicians to classify and prescribe remedies according to dys-
crasia. Diseases are not treated successfully by name.
Consultation Department.
ANSWER TO CASE.
For F. F. C.’s case in Vol. XI., page 365, would give flux cm
(Fincke) small powder at night and repeat only when improvement
ceased. M.
EXPERIENCE WITH PETROLEUM.
W. C. Latimer in the last number of The Investigator asks for
experience with Petroleum . I have been using that remedy steadily
with marked effect in the worst case of skin disease (eczema) I ever
had. Have been treating it some two months, case is nearly cured,
but not quite. Eruptions were moist, itching with otorrhcBa, etc. I
used the lowest potencies, the 1st, 2d and 3d, of my own preparation.
Thomas A. Capen.
ATTENUATED ATTENUATIONS.
I would like to ask Dr. G. H. Carr, if in his report of experience
with rheumatism, (April 15 Investigator, page 305-6), he means by
Aconite 100,000, the 4x, and Bhus tox. the same, also Bry. and Loch .
10.000,000, 7x, or does he mean the 100,000 and the 10,000,000 attenua¬
tion ; as I would like to know how far we have to stretch our imagi¬
nation as well as our credulity, to realize the extent of a pharmacy
capable of furnishing the 10,000,000th attenuation of several hundred
remedies. S. A. Newhall.
CA8E FOR CONSULTATION.—ELEPHANTIASIS.
April 10, 1880 patient visited me suffering from elephantiasis.
Fifty-two years of age, had been treated for the disease thirteen
years. Is very fleshy, which he attributes to previous arsenical
treatment. When he applied to me he had ulcer on left outer malleo¬
lus three inches in diameter, exuding very offensive discharge, and
intense pain in whole limb. Gave Graphites 6 trit. Ulcer became
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1880.J
Consultation Department.
406
healthy and limb somewhat smaller. At present the primary ulcer
is healed, but a number of smaller ones have made their appearance,
and improvement has ceased. I last sent Sulph . 30x, and have not
heard from him since, (he living 200 miles from me).
Dr. Ruby.
A CASE FOR CONSULTATION.—ECZEMA.
Mrs. E., aged forty-seven, nervous temperament, easily excited
during which time she forgets all hey ailments. Alternate gayety
and despondency; naturally very mirthful. Her mother had a form
of ecxema which annoyed her very much until blessed with offspring,
which seemed to have rid her of the disease, she never being troubled
with it afterward. She had three daughters, each had attacks, but
were easily cut short, the present patient being one of the number.
This Mrs. E. was annoyed most in warm weather, generally free from
it in winter. Was married, had a son who lived to be two years old,
and he manifested signs of the same disease, and during his life
his mother was relieved, but after his death the same train of
symptoms were presented. In former attacks Citron ointment would
suppress it, and at other times Calomel ointment , but for two years the
disease has remained the same, winter and summer, with slight
variations, such as oozing yellow {Graph.) water and then drying
down, followed by burning itching, most before retiring in the even¬
ing. Formerly it affected the face at times, but under the use of Nux,
Bhus, Graph., and some others, as characteristics could be ascertained
it attacks now only the back of the hands, extending to the end of
the fingers from the wrist. It is made worse by exposure to the open
air. If almost well, a relapse may be brought on by attending a
party and participating in the plays. She has been two years in
climacteric, menstruates very irregularly. Has flying pains peculiar
to that time. Has complained most of pains in the chest, principally
left side, also between scapulie, these were all relieved by Banunculus
bul. Then they appeared in the feet, relieved by Am., then in thighs,
and so shifting round. The last remedy used for the old disease was
Ban. bid. 30 internally, and Cosmoline with Ban. bul . tincture extract.
This made some change but not a cure. Patient is very energetic,
often going beyond her strength. Has no appetite for breakfast, has
to force down every bite, but can eat dinner and supper ; pains gen¬
erally worse at night. Has anyone anything to offer V W.
SCURVY—HELP WANTED.
I live and practice in western Kansas, where a large proportion of
the people are in poor circumstances, live in poorly ventilated houses,
have but few vegetables, but live principally on a coarse, salt meat
diet. Consequently quite a number of families in our vicinity are
afflicted with scurvy. About the 1st of February, 1880,1 was called
to see a [family, and found six of them afflicted with scurvy, which
had been running five or six weeks. The father, mother, and one
* Digitized by t^ooQie
406
Sulpho-Carbolate of Soda.
[May 15,
son have about recovered. I have generally succeeded in assisting
nature to effect a cure. But I have three cases in this family with
which I make little or no progress. First, Katie, aged twelve years,
slender build, grey eyes, light hair, face pale, mouth not much
affected, appetite poor, does not crave anything in particular, slight
epistaxis, had night sweats at first, bowels regular. The greatest
trouble seems to be a weakness in the knees and small of the back,
with great stiffness in her back and lower limbs. Knees slightly
swollen, but not much hardness of the flesh *, some blue spots on the
skin, mostly about the knees. The stiffness of lower limbs and back
gets steadily worse. A month ago she could walk some, but now she
has to be carried. I have been treating her for nearly three months,
was not called to see her until the disease had been running six
weeks. I have given Nux vom. 3x, Merc . 3x, Ait. cc. 3x, Are. 3x,
China 3x, Carbo veg. 12x, and Sulph. 30x occasionally as an inter¬
current remedy. Also recommended daily bathing and washing the
limbs with very dilute vinegar, exercise in the open air, and a sour
vegetable diet. Two little boys aged six and eight, brothers to the
girl, are similarly afflicted, but the gums are badly swollen, purplish
and raw ulcerated ; teeth loose, some have fallen out. Hoof of mouth
pale, breath very offensive. The father, mother, and son were very
similarly effected, and have about recovered under the above treat¬
ment, but I am discouraged in regard to Katie and the two little boys.
Now as I am a new beginner in the practice of medicine, and the
above described are charity cases, I would be very grateful to any of
my brother practitioners that will help me out by giving me the
means of cure through The Investigator. J. L. Short.
Materia Medica Department.
SULPHO-CARBOLATE OF SODA .
On page 318, April 15th number of The Investigator, is an
answer to my article in March 15th number, criticising Dr. Burt’s
report of a case of diphtheria, by Dr. G. A. Hall, of Chicago, in
which the doctor makes the remark that u Dr. Newhall shows his
owh position as a clear prescriber, by lugging in the Sulpho-Carbolate
of Soda as an intercurrent remedy, without a ^pathogenetic symptom
to indicate its use, and in giving Bell., Kali bich ., Are., and Capsicum
alternately, regardless of it,” and asks what kind of hash this is.
I think if the doctor will notice carefully, that he will see that my
meaning is that I use these remedies as indicated, either alone or
alternately, as the case requires, and that what I claim, and all I
* See The United States Investigator, VoL V., No. 4, p. 200, partial provings
of the Sulpho-Carbolate of Soda.
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1880. J
Sulpho-Carbolate of Soda.
407
claim for the Sulpho-Carbolate of Soda is, that it acts as an antiseptic
in the blood, protecting the blood from degeneracy by antidoting or
neutralizing, or destroying the poison of this malignant type of the
disease; whether it does this by killing “ septic germs,” or by arrest
of fermentation, or by any other chemical, physiological, patholog¬
ical or pathogenetic action, is merely theoretical, but my experience
is that it preserves the blood from degeneracy, whatever the charac¬
ter of this degeneracy may be, thus affording the system (what is
absolutely necessary to the sustenance of life) better alimentation
and nutrition than can be obtained without this or some other pre¬
servative agent.
The remedies best indicated, according to the “law of similia,”
have acted promptly in* several cases when aided by this agent after
having failed utterly to arrest the disease until this was given; and
this has never failed me (when given as soon as the fetor oris peculiar
to diphtheria was detected) in arresting the toxical effect of the dis¬
ease in the blood.
I do not claim or think that the Sulpho-Carbolate of Soda is of
any benefit in scarlatina or typhoids (in those diseases, especially in
typhoids , I find the Salicylate of Soda to have the same preserving
power by its antiseptic action in the blood that the Sulpho-Carbolate
has in diphtheritis). Neither do I believe either of them to be in any
sense a prophylactic to be given to a person in health, but simply to
be given in cases of malignant diphtheritis, or low typhoids, in suffi¬
cient quantity to preserve the purity of the blood by preventing
either putrefaction or fermentation and loss of its life-sustaining
power. In anwer to the question, “ what kind of hash this is ?” I
will say, it is the kind of hash I succeed in curing my patients with. I
have not and do not propose to set myself up as a clear or immacu¬
late prescriber; neither do I propose to allow the theories of men,
however learned or scientific, to prevent my using any remedy or
agent, or any two, three, or four in alternation; if I am thoroughly
convinced , I can benefit my patient more in that way than in any
other way that suggests itself, or is available at the time, and yet I
am as much in favor of a single remedy if it will cure my case as any
one. And I most certainly believe that Dr. Burt acted upon this
principle, and with the purest of motives in his treatment of the case
reported. My criticism was simply intended to draw out the opinions
of men who have the advantage of large hospital and clinical prac¬
tice, to test the qualities of these agents for the benefit of myself and
others who are isolated from those of our own school of practice.
After reading The Investigator for four years. I can see how easy
it is to cry out, hash, polypharmacy, and quackery, at every idea that
does not accord with our pet notions or theories.
I agree with Dr. Hall that the Sulpho-Carbolate of Soda alone will
not cure either diphtheria or scarlet fever; but I cannot go on and
reject it as an agent to preserve the purity of the blood and thus
sustain life, while the remedy or remedies indicated cure the disease,
simply because it does not look scientific.
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408
Some Experience with Ranunculus Recurvata. [May 15,
There are very many theories, such as the single remedy and single
dose, and the extreme and exclusively high attenuations that look
and sound very nice (no doubt to those who ride them as hobbies)
that facts at the bedside get away with every day.
I have not written anything and shall not write anything in any
spirit of controversy, sarcasm, or acrimony, as Dr. Hall seems to
infer, and I fully realize how easy it is to stand off and throw stones*
forgetting the material of which our own houses are built.
I wish further to ask Drs. Hall, Small, Burt, and Talcott, and the
profession generally , in the kindliest spirit, for information for myself
and others, if they have noticed in the Sulpho-Carbolate of Soda any
of the blood purifying or preserving properties I claim for it, whether
it be by antidoting specific poison, preventing putrefaction, fermen¬
tation, or any other degeneracy of the blood, and also what scientific
objection is there (if there be any) to thus using it when the best
indicated remedy fails to control the disease and arrest the tendency
to the maliguant type or form of the disease.
These leading men and educators that are connected with colleges*
or have access to large libraries (or are able to own them), or have
access to large hospitals and a large and varied experience should
remember that many physicians have few or none of these advan¬
tages and yet have to cope with these same diseases, and we take
medical journals to the full extent of our financial ability to get this
kind of information; and if the trumpet in these men’s mouths gives
an uncertain sound, (as the reports in the Clinique which I criticised
most certainly did), what are we to do but to arraign them and ask
them to explain. S. A. Nkwhall.
SOME EXPERIENCE WITH RANUNCULUS RECUR VAT A.
Some years ago, suffering from pains in the chest, from a slight
cold, as if sore, as from sub-cutaneous ulceration or rheumatic sore¬
ness of the inter-costal muscles, with stitches in the chest (right side*
I think) extending to the back; and, having no Ranunculus bulbosa ,
I took a dose of Ranunculus recurvata, and it relieved (cured) like a
charm: and, last year I had another like attack which one dose*
3d cent., cured promptly.
A few days ago I had a delicate, nervous female with these symp¬
toms, dyspeptic, constipated and inclined to vomit, and vomiting
frequently, together with “ external soreness of the chesty aggravated 6y
touchy motion % turning the body or raising the army with stitches through the
chest to the back and between the shoulder blades , sometimes running down
to the hip (right). I sent Ranunculus rec. and Ranunculus bulby with
directions to try the first, and after twenty-four hours, if not cured*
to alternate with the second. She took the first and was relieved
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1880.]
Medical News*
400
though not perfectly cured, and then alternated, and reported
twenty-four hours after, the most relief from the Ban. rec., which
she is still taking, and nearly well. It relieved her sleeplessness
and stitches in the liver extending up into the chest.
D. S. Kimball.
Medical News.
Minnesota.— Our city has just elected a Hommopath as city phys¬
ician, Dr. S. M. Spaulding. Score one for our side.
Pertussis.— Dr. Lauret Lamare treats pertussis with tincts. of Bry¬
onia and Drosera in 1 gramme doses.— Jour, de Therapeutique , May
25, 1878.
Wisconsin State Meeting.— The Sixteenth Annual Meeting of the
Hommopathic Medical Society, of the State of Wisconsin, will be
held at the Newhall House, Milwaukee, on Monday, June 14. 1880.
Location.—I am about to leave Rochester, Vt. The practice is
worth $1,500 per year. I would like to have a doctor here, and if one
comes will stay and introduce him. C. P. Holden.
Bemoved.— Dr. W. H. Sanders has removed his office from Central
Hall, cor. Wabash and 22d St., to his residence. No. 2721, Wabash
Avenue, near 2*th Street.
Dr. J. S. Daniels, from Seymour to Omro, Wis.
The Fourth Annual Meeting of the American Homoeopathic Oph-
thalmotogical and Otological Society will be held in the parlors of the
Newhall House, Milwaukee, beginning June 15th. Papers are prom¬
ised by leading specialists throughout the country.
H. O. Houghton, F. Park Lewis,
President. Secretary.
Change.— The time of meeting of the Missouri Institute has been
changed to Wednesday or Thursday, June 2d and 3d. The Annual
Address will be delivered by Prof. Philo G. Valentine, A. M., M. D.,
of St. Louis, in the Congregational Church, on Wednesday evening
at8o’clock. Subject: “Popular Errors touching Homoeopathy.”
Efforts to secure reduced R. R. rates are progressing.
Wm. D. Foster, Secretary.
A PcedologicaJ. Convention.— At the earnest request of many promi¬
nent physicians, the Chicago Paedological Society decided at its last
meeting in March to call a convention for the discussion of diseases
of children, to be held in Chicago, June 14, the day prior to the meet¬
ing of the American Institute at Milwaukee. All physicians inter¬
ested in this very important department of medicine are very cor-
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410
Medical News.
[May 15,
dially invited to be present and take part in the discussions. Reports
from Children—Programme Athrepsia; Foods for Children; Gas¬
troenteritis (Cholera infantum), and Entero-colitis (Summer com¬
plaint). The committee of arrangements will gladly receive contri¬
butions in writing from physicians who cannot be present, giving
observations and experiences on any of the subjects for discussion.
Many papers are promised from eminent physicians east and Europe.
T. C. Duncan, M. D., Chairman, Mrs. E. C. Manning, M. D.,
E. A. Ballard, M. D., S. P. Hedges, M. D.
Julia Caldwell, M. D.,
The Fourteenth Annual Session of the Indiana Institute of Homoeo¬
pathy .—-To the Hoosier Brethren The Fourteenth Annual
Session of the Indiana Institute of Homoeopthy will be held at
Indianapolis, May 25 and 26, 1880. The disciples of Hahnemann
in Indiana are urged to be present at this meeting. This Institute
is already the leading state medical organization in the west. Busi¬
ness of great importance will be transacted. The next legislature
of Indiana will undoubtedly pass a medical bill of some kind, and
unless the Homoeopathists throughout the state carefully guard their
interests, their rights as medical men will be encroached upon. An
effort is being made to have every energetic Homoeopathist in the
state become a member of the Institute. By thus uniting in thor¬
ough organization, we shall present the most formidable array against
•Old School tyranny. The so-called “ regulars” of Indiana entertain
the most bitter hatred against Homoeopathy and those who practice
it. We must force them to understand that we are both educated
and skillful in our profession. We must teach the public generally
the better way.” No physician in Indiana who has any love for the
cause will fail to do something to make this meeting a success. Do
not fear that your practice will suffer if you leave it a few days.
Shut up your office and put on the door “ Gone to Indianapolis to
attend the 14th Annual Session of the Indiana Institute of Homoe-
pathy.” Come prepared to read a paper on some medical subject, or
report one or more cases from practice, You will be well paid for
your time and trouble. Please send to the secretary without delay
the subject of your paper for the coming meeting. For information
concerning reduced railroad and hotel rates address Dr. C. T. Corliss,
Indianapolis, Ind., committee on arrangements. Dr. W. H. Taylor,
of Crawfordsville, Ind., will deliver the Annual Address. The fol¬
lowing gentlemen are the chairmen of the different bureaux: Sur¬
gery, C. S. Fahnestock, M. D., La Porte, Ind.: Ophthalmology and
Otology, M. T. Runnels, M. D., Indianapolis, Ind.; Epidemics, W.
H. Taylor, M. D., Crawfordsville; Sanitary Science and Climatology,
O. W. Eowen, M. D., Ft. Wayne, Ind.; Gynaecology, O. S. Runnels,
M. D. Indianapolis, Ind.; Obstetrics, C. T. Corliss. M. D., India¬
napolis. Ind.; Materia Medica, W. P. Armstrong. M. D., Lafayette,
Ind.; Clinical and Psychological Medicine, O. P. Baer, M. D., Rich¬
mond, Ind.; Diseasese of Children, A. C. Jones, M. D., Muncie, Ind.,
Microscopy, J. R. Haynes, M. D., Indianapolis, Ind. You are earn¬
estly requested to be on hand early and remain until all the exercises are
through so that no confusion may arise. For further information
regarding the proposed meeting address
Moses T. Runnels, Secretary .
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THE
UNITED STATES
Medical Investigator
A SEMI-MONTHLT JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE.
New Series. Vol. XI., No. II*—JUNE 1, 1880.— Whole No. 268.
Therapeutical Department.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS.
REPORT8 FROM THE FIELD OF PRACTICE.
Freeburg, Me., May 27.—Measles and scarlet fever have pre¬
vailed quite extensively here during the past six months. Puls, for
the first. Aconite and Bell, for the latter. Calc. carb. for the remain¬
ing throat affection have been indicated and proved successful. Low
dilutions used. W. C. F.
SHEET QZJM AND RHEUMATISM.
Some eight years ago I was a sufferer from sciatica, of a paroxysmal
character, of three weeks duration, effecting chiefly the crural nerve,
face of left thigh. The pain was continuous, but, in every twenty-
four hours I had an excruciating paroxysm; the first one lasting an
hour and three quarters, each succeeding one getting shorter, the last
one being only ten minutes, but equal in severity to any of its prede¬
cessors. At the expiration of three months, it made its entrance into
the world once more. Rheumatism in both shoulders followed the
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412
Sheet Gum and Rheumatism .
I June 1,
sciatica. While walking, the pain was aggravated, while sitting, or
lying, it was ameliorated, or it ceased. I could not lie on my right
side, because of a sensation as if the blood in the forearm was effer¬
vescing, and of a tingling, and itching, at the end of the right index
finger. Weary hours were spent in searching for similimums, and,
as a matter of course, some of the polychrests, and some of the semi-
polychrests were tried, perseveringly, in low and in high dilutions;
but no relief came. Liniments, strong and weak were tried, and
failed to relieve. Electro-magnetism was resorted to with no t etter
success. If I was disgusted by my failures, I trust the reader will not
be offended. If he has ever suffered from rheumatism, I know he
will not. It is said, necessity knows no law, and is the mother of
invention, and, 1 may add, of discovery as well.
The prime question with me was, what will relieve? When a man
is in mid-ocean, the ship is his best place; if the ship is wrecked, let
him take to one of the small boats, nf the boat is swamped, let him
take to a plank, or spar, or anything that comes in his way. This,
seemiDgly, was my case. I began to think, and, cogitated about as
follows: a sinapism is a counterirritant of short duration; vesication
is more profound, and as a general rule, brief in its influence, and
uncertain in its results. If I resort to a counter-irritant, I want
something that is gentle and persistent in its action. Sheet gum pre¬
sented itself to my mind as possessing these qualities, as well as con¬
forming to any inequality of surface. It will arrest any, and every,
exhalation from the part, and if not removed, you will have first
irritability, then sores. I tacked the gum on to flannel with soft
darning cotton, stitches half an inch long, applied the gum next the
skin, availed myself of sunshine, and in a few weeks my rheumatism
was gone. Since then I have used it in many cases of the acute and
chronic forms, without any medication, and the results are gratifying
in a high degree.
The knowledge of it has spread widely through this community,
and, into the rural regions. A few days ago I was told of a son of
Esculapius , an M. D. of the Old School, who was trying it upon him¬
self with marked effect. The chief dealer in the article, in this city,
told me that he had a regular call for sheet gum for the cure of rheu¬
matism. I can give a number of cases cured by the application of
gum, without any medication, but that would lengthen this article
very much, and I have aimed to guard against extreme brevity, or
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1880.1
That Potency Problem .
413
prolixity. Therefore, I have ignored the pathology of rheumatism,
and have not answered questions pertinent to the subject.
I have no doubt that the effect of the gum treatment will be more
efficient in summer than in winter. Gum is a bad conductor, and a
sensation of coldness is produced upon its application. In winter it
can be faced with the thinnest of gauze flannel, and act efficiently,
but, not so well as in summer. In inflammatory rheumatism it
should not be bound very tightly, as the parts are liable to swell, and
the pain would be increased. Sheet gum is not gum on cloth, but the
pure gum, exceedingly flexible. R.
THAT POTENCY PROBLEM.
BY A. E. SANDERS, AMITV, OREGON.
I see in the April number (p. 302) a communication from G. H.
Carr, on “ Experience with Rhumatism,” in which he says:
“ Feb. 24th called six miles in the country to see a Swede man, etc.
Prescribed Aconite 100,000, one dose, and if no better in ten hours,
Rhus tox. 100,000. One dose was left, and promised to call again on
26th, though did not go sent by boy Bry . 100,000, one dose *, on 28th.
called.” The case does not appear to suit Dr. Carr, so he “concludes
to prescribe Lachesis 10,000,000, one dose. Then, on March 2d gives
Lachesis, the same potency, which was all that was necessary for the
case.”
Now the point I wish to get at is this: How long does it take Dr.
Carr, or any other doctor , to make the 10,000,000 dil. of the powder that
was given on March 2d to be dissolved in six teaspoonfuls of water,
then give one teaspoonful of the mixture at a dose, how much Lache-
sis does he think his patient got ?
1 prescribe from the 3xto the 30x as a rule, though I have sometimes
as high as the 200x. But you figure the amount of a drug your
patient gets from the 30x dil., and you will see it takes no small
amount of figures.
I am asking for information, and I expect Dr. Carr to give it. Not
only information for myself, but other Homceopathists in the country
wish for the same, who I have talked with about tnis and other cases
that have been cured with the 5th or 10,000,000 dil. If Dr. Carr
intends for us to understand that he gave the 10,000,000th part of a
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414
Treatment of Chronic Indolent Varicose Ulcers . [June 1
gr- let him say so, but the way his article reads we understand it as
the 10,000,000 dil. I wish to try some of these attenuations, and
would be pleased to have Dr. Carr inform me what way he goes to
work to make them, if he makes them at all; if not, at what phar¬
macy he gets the 10,000,000 dil. In writing to a journal a man should
have a chance to explain himself, and I do hope the Editor of The
United States Medical Investigator will publish this. I have
seen so much of such trash (as I will call it) put into our journal, and
I must say the way it always reads to me, it is a dem lot of foolishness.
If Dr. Carr does not wish to explain to me how he makes the 10,000,*
000 dil., let some one else send a line.
TREATMENT OF CHRONIC INDOLENT VARICOSE
ULCERS .
BY F. F. CASSEDAY, M. D., STEVENS’ POINT, WIS.
There is perhaps no surgical disease, which presents itself to the
general practitioner for treatment, that so often resists the more
common remedial and local treatment, than the form of ulcer which
is the subject of this sketch. The treatment laid down by the books
varies from the exhibition of the indicated remedy alone, to specific
medication of every kind and description, with various kinds of
strapping and bandaging.
Before giving my treatment, a brief resume of the nature of the
indolent ulcer may be of interest.
They vary in shape being round, oval, irregular or they may change
from one shape to another during their course. They are generally
deeper than the simple, though the depth varies as much as the shape
and size. Edges are sharply defined and may be everted or inverted.
Granulations generally pale, small and few in number. Discharges
generally thin, but occasionally thick and offensive, while sensibility
varies from dulness to constant pain. The parts surrounding the
ulcer become thickened and indurated, and as the venous channels
become dilated they give to the surface that peculiar deep-red, blue
or purple color. A common complication of these ulcers is a vari¬
cose condition of the veins of the leg, in fact we may say a predispos¬
ing cause in the formation of ulcers. The theory that these forms of
ulcers are due to constitutional disease is an exploded one. True if
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1880.]
Treatment of Chronic Indolent Varicose Ulcers .
415
the blood is in an impoverished condition and lacking in its proper
elements any abrasion of the skin, ulcers included, may refuse to
heal, but these causes and conditions in the case of indolent ulcers,
are altogether according to the manner in which this blood is supplied
to the parts. The difficulty is not with the ulcer but with the sur¬
rounding parts, not in the quality of the blood but in the manner of
its supply. Again the agencies which retard a cure are not constitu¬
tional, but local such as exposure, filth, carelessness and muscular
exertion in the erect posture.
My treatment is to first cleanse the ulcer with a charcoal poultice
applied until dry. I make it as follows: Pulverize the charcoal
finely, mix in a little oat meal or graham flour and moisten sufficiently
to keep the whole together. After removing the poultice I apply
evenly all over the ulcer with a camel’s hair brush, pure Balsam
peru , and strap it tightly with adhesive plaster. Over this a woolen
bandage may be applied. Tight strapping is essential, not merely
laying the straps over the ulcer, but put it on hard and fast so as to
relieve the tension around the ulcer and thereby assist in establishing
a good flow of blood to the part. At the same time you may give
your indicated remedy.
If you have any cases, or know of any, of twenty to forty years
standing, try this treatment and you will cure them. I will give one
of my cases which may convince some skeptical brother.
H. D. M., aged sixty-two, in poor health, been afflicted for twenty
years with a chronic varicose ulcer situated on the anterior and
exterior aspect of the right leg,beginning at a point about three inches
above the external malleolus. It measured four inches in its longest
diameter, was of irregular shape, edges inverted, no granulations,
exuded a thick offensive discharge. Surrounding parts were of a
deep purple color, and were not sensitive to pressure. Pains at
night were very severe, compelling him to walk the floor all night for
relief. Treated his case as above and gave Sulpha 30x internally.
Improvement set in at once, and pain was entirely relieved. Tried to
keep him quiet and limb elevated, but it was impossible, for he per¬
sisted in hobbling around on his crutch and cane. In eight weeks the
ulcer was entirely healed, he threw away his crutch ana cane and
now walks as brisk as anyone without a limp preceptible in his gait.
If any of you can show any better results than that let us hear them.
There is no reason why these ulcers cannot be cured. Go at them,
gentlemen, and vou will surprise yourselves.
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416
A Case of Typho-Malarial Fever , etc.
[June 1,
A CASE OF TYPHO-MALARIAL FEVER COMPLICATED
WITH ACUTE PNEUMONIA.
Miss C., aged eight years, April 15th was taken with measles, hav¬
ing had them three ye**rs ago. Eruption came out very imperfectly
and disappeared the third day; she was only slightly indisposed, was
out playing the 17th, third day of measles, her mother being very
busy till late in evening; measles evidently suppressed, or at least
partially so.
I was called to see her the 18th at 10:15 a. m.; found first stage of
pneumonia, right lung, middle lobe; pulse 144, artery rather tense
and full; quick respiration, tongue coated white, more of typho-
malarial cast than pneumonia; slight abdominal tympanitis, harsh
cough; characteristic of suppressed measles. Bryonia 3x and Verat.
vir. lx alternately every half hour (in water) till fever was controlled,
then every hour; quite nervous; fat, light haired, blue eyed little
girl, very patient naturally. Diagnosis to friends, pneumo-tvphus,
with remark that it would probably locate in lungs, or bowels within
twenty-four to forty-eight hours, unless I succeeded in breaking it
up. During the night there was considerable cerebral irritation
with strong tendency to convulsions which her father controlled
with a few doses of Bell. 3x.
April 19,8:30 a. m. Pulse 120, temperature 102° ; more typhoid tend¬
encies ; 5 p. 3£. pulse 150, temperature 105:1; marked tympanitis and
gurgling in ileo-coecal region ; had given in morning Baptisia tinc¬
ture drop doses alternately with Bry. 3x and Ars. 7x in water every
half hour; now gave Salicylate of Soda one and one-half grains at 5
7 and 9 p. m. in milk, and ordered cold compress to bowels; at the
same time there was such acute pain in middle lobe of right lung
that I ordered hot fomentations applied continuously with marked
relief of pain. As Bapt. tincture would not control arterial excite¬
ment, substituted Verat. vir. tincture, one-fourth of a drop every
hour, with Bry . 3x and Ars. 7x every hour alternately, between doses
of Verat. vir. tincture. Making medicines every half hour, Verat. vir.
tincture every other dose, all in water kept cool. Peculiarity, pulse
was quick but artery was not tense enough to fully indicate Kerat. mr.
but too tense for Bapt. tincture; clearly and not large enough, and
yet too large y with soft tendency of artery to allow Aconite. There was
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A Case of 'Vypho-Malarial Fever , etc.
417
clearly defined three pathological conditions or effects in the system,
viz., specific typhoid poison , malarial poison , and pulmonary congestion
and inflammation, hence the medicines given. Bryonia and Ars. for
the pneumo-typhus constitutional treatment, and Bapt. tincture as
an antidote to typhoid poison; Verat. vir. tincture to reduce conges¬
tion and arterial and cardiac excitement, as well as to aid in reducing
temperature; and the Salicylate of Soda to prevent fermentation in
and preserve purity of the blood, and with the cold compress to
bowels to keep down temperature and prevent ulceration of intes¬
tinal glands.
April20,9:05 a. m. Pulse 132, temperature 104.1° ; had rested better;
no cerebral symptoms; pulmonary symptoms better, but tongue and
fcetor oris strongly indicative of typhoid, so much so that I felt justi¬
fied in substituting Bapt. tincture again for Verat. vir. tincture ; 5
p. m. pulse 132, temperature 104.6°.
April 21, 0:30 a. m. Pulse 120, temperature 103.5° ; 5:10 p. m., pulse
132, temperature 104°.
April 22, 9:25 A. M. Pulse 120, temperature 103.4° ; 5:45 p. M., pulse
132, temperature 104.1°.
April 23, 9:30 a. m. Pube 120, temperature I02f Q . All this time
under above treatment there had been steady improvement in the
pulmonary symptoms and condition, and I had predicted a prompt
giving way ot all the troubles; bowels were quiet and no urinary
difficulty, but this morning there was sudden prostration, coldness
over whole surface of body, and cold sweat on forehead. Gave Ars.
and Verat. alb. 3x alternately, every half hour, under which she
rallied promptly. In looking for the cause of this change, I detected
a very cold, chilling draught of air striking the bed and the patient in
right side of chest occasionally; had a south window closed but still
it continued; parents examined again and found a north window in
another room open, and a draught passing diagonally striking the
wall was reflected upon the patient; it was stopped but had done the
mischief, producing a fresh stage of congestion in right lung; 5:50
p. m., pulse 130, temperature 105°; rust-colored expectoration,
increased congestion and inflammation in right lung. Gave Verat.
vir. tincture one-half drop doses every hour with Rhus tox. 3x and
Ars. 7x as before , except giving three doses of Verat. vir. tincture
alone, half an hour apart, then alternating as before, continuing
Salicylate of Soda and cold compress to bowels, as the disease there
had not changed, there was no transfer or metastasis; 9:10 p. m.*
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418
A Case of Typho-Malarial Fever, etc.
[June 1,
Verat. vir. had promptly reduced pulse to 120 and temperature to
103.1°; continued same treatment through the night; patient slept
comparatively well every night from 8 to 2 or 3 a. m., between doses
of medicines, awaking pretty readily for medicines generally.
April 24,9:40 a. m, Pulse 120, temperature 101.5° ; Verat, vir, tinc¬
ture not controlling pulse, and not being so well indicated. Gave
Aconite tincture one-fourth drop dose instead, and Bapt. tincture
alternately as typhoid symptoms were on the increase; 5:10 p. m.,
pulse 120, temperature 104.1°; as patient becomes more nervous and
Aconite does not meet expectations, tongue more dark, and Bapt.
tincture for bowels, and Verat. vir. tincture for lungs seemed abso¬
lutely necessary to control disease, I gave Bapt. tincture one and one-
half gtts. at a dose, Verat vir. tincture one-half drop at a dose, and
Bry. 3x and Ars. 7x every half hour alternately, the Verat. vir. every
other dose, or every hour, all in water solution kept cool. Local
treatment as before to bowels, and hot fomentation (flannel wrung
out of hot water) to lung, with Salicylate of Soda at six, eight, and
ten, night and morning; 9:20 p. M. s pulse 125, temperature 104.2° ;
continued same treatment.
April 25, 9:25 a. m. Pulse 130, temperature 104.5°; partial anorexia
from first now complete; only nourishment she will take is a gill of
milk with the Salicylate of Soda powders in it; will take it as medi¬
cine, and one or two teaspoonfuls of strained oatmeal gruel two or
three times a day. Very marked tenderness over lower portion of
ileum and Peyers patches with tympanitis, strength failing but blood
well preserved and protected by the Baptisia tincture and Salicylate of
Soda , as shown by control of temperature, and foetor oris as well as
condition of arteries and tongue, neither taking on that low poisoned
condition so common in low typhoids, and yet the disease in both
lungs and bowels is persistent; 5 p. m., pulse 132, temperature 105° ;
artery rather more tense and increase of typhoid symptoms, increased
Baptisia tincture to two drops at a dose and Perot, vir. tincture to
three-fourths of a drop, continuing treatment otherwise the same.
Prognosis very serious; some irritation in rectum with desire for
stool ; directed injection of tepid water effecting passage of small
quantity of foecal matter, and a good deal of gas with marked relief.
Parents request counsel with a friendly “ regular,” agreed to; 9:10 p.
m., pulse 120, temperature 102°; symptoms all for the time more
favorable. The “ regular ” came in just as I was about ready to go,
agreed with me in diagnosis and in pathological condition, except
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A Case of Typho-Malarial Fever, etc.
419
that he ignored the tenderness in lower portion of the ileum, and
stated to parents that ulceration of bowels was very rare, and when
it did occur was in duodenum or upper portion of ileum, which I of
course could not concur in, his prognosis in the case was favorable as
was mine also since the improvement in the pulse and temperature,
he also advised continued use of Verat. vir., and also advised continued
use of sinapisms to botcels , which of course I could not agree to, and as
parents were decided Homoeopaths, they were with me; they wanted
counsel on diagnosis.
April 26,9:30 a. m. Pulse 120, temperature 104° ; descending colon
hard and distended with gas in left iliac region and impacted foecal
matter low down. Requested'mother to use injection of tepid water,
and if necessarry insert finger gently and remove impaction, which
she succeeded in doing, effecting the discharge of a large quantity of
gas and foecal matter which was creating inflammation of the colon
and rectum; 5 p. m., pulse 125, temperature 104.5°; 9:20 p. m., pulse
125, temperature 104.6°, with tight harassing cough which I feared
would increase danger in the ulcerated glands of the ileum. Gave
an occasional dose of Phos . 3x in water which quieted the cough
promptly.
April 27, 9:20 a. M. Pulse 110, temperature 102.5°; symptoms all
more favorable; 5:25 p. m., pulse 132, temperature 104.5°; 9:30 p. m.,
pulse 120, temperature 103,5° ; continued same treatment through the
night.
April 28, 9:55 a. m. Pulse 80, temperature 97®; reduced dose of
Bapt. tincture and Fera*. vir. tincture, one-half to be resumed if
fever arose in afternoon which it did, and doses were resumed again;
5:25 p. m., pulse 125, temperature 104.5° ; 9:15 p. m., pulse 111, temper¬
ature 101; reduced doses of Bapt. tincture and Verat. vir. tincture
one-half, and ordered but one powder Salicylate of Soda night and
morning, instead of three.
April 29, 9:15 a. m. Pulse 94, temperature 95.5°; stopped Salicylate
of Soda , reduced amount of cold applications to bowels. Still marked
tenderness and gurgling in ileo-ccecal region; 5:15 p. m., pulse 100,
temperature 98°; appetite improving; 9:15 p. m., pulse 90, temper¬
ature 98; no change in treatment, tongue improving in appearance,
better expression in face.
April 30, 9:45 a. m. Pulse 115, temperature 99.1.; no movement of
bowels since removal of impaction on the 26th; no motion through
from stomach since the 16th (two weeks); no inclination; 5 p. m..
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420
A Case of Typho-Malarial Fever , etc.
[June 1
pulse 90, temperature 98; 9.05 p. m. do.; the same medicines con¬
tinued in reduced doses, still ileo-coecal gurgling and tenderness of
glands in ileum, continued strictly liquid food.
May 1, 9 A . m. Pulse 90, temperature 98° ; at 5 and 9 p. m. the same.
May 2, 9:45 a. m. Appetite abnormally strong, slight distension of
descending colon, tongue dark yellow with typhoid fetor still present.
Baptisia tincture one-half drop doses, Verat. vir. lx, one drop doses
alternately with Nux vom. 3x and Ars. 7x with directions for injection
if bowels did not move by 2 p. m. She begged her mother to wait
until 5p. M.,a short time before when they moved naturally; 7:45
p. m. pulse 96, temperature 98°, iliac tenderness and gurgling very
slight.
May 3, 9:10 A. m. Pulse 96, temperature 98°.
May 4, the same; left her taking Baptisia tincture and Ars. 7x
every two hours, five drops in a half-glass of water, a teaspoonful at
a dose.
May 10 is convalescing nicely.
Now here is the single dose and the single remedy with a ven¬
geance. I think I see some of our scientific clear prescribers holding
up their hands in holy horror, and crying “ shades of Hahnemann,”
if not absolutely going into hysterics over such horrible shotgun
practice.
But I defy any man or set of men to find any one or two remed ies
that would have held that case in control, warded off the diarrhoea of
the second week, prevented the poisoning of the system and blood,
keeping the tongue from that dark or black cracked condition so
common to low typhoids. The indications and tendencies were all in
that direction, and the red, besotted expression of the face, and soft
flaccid condition of the tongue, and the bowel symptoms told me too
plainly to be mistaken, that the gentle yielding spirit would take its
flight if I did not arrest the disease. 1 watched carefully the symp¬
toms with unremitting vigilance, and tried repeatedly to withdraw
some of the remedies, but so sure as I did the symptoms for which
they were given would increase, and by God's blessing I broke the
disease abruptly at the end of the second week. Had she passed into
the third week, with the tendencies existing at the beginning of the
second week, she would certainly have succumbed.
8. A. Newhall.
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1880.]
About Our Life Insurance Company.
421
ABOUT OUR LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY.
Mr. Editor : Another of the questions you ask is :
What inducements do you make the profession to talk up your Company,
and get insurance and agents ?
Our inducements to get the profession actively interested in our
behalf, are both practical and sentimental. They appeal to the pocket
of some and to the esprit du corps of others, and easily can be and
often are conjoined. We are always ready to pay a fair price for new
risks, and the Company always pays for the medical examination.
This is the regular business part, of course; which requires no explan¬
ations for the laborer has ever been deemed worthy of his hire. But
what we want especially is the moral support of the profession at
large, because this is a Homoeopathic Company, identified with our
cause, devoted to its popularization and laboring for its advancement
both directly and indirectly. Whatever therefore tends to strengthen
the Company and bring it more conspicuously before the public eye,
is sure to redound to the benefit of the profession at large.
Besides; we have always had in view the accumulation of reliable
statistics as regards the comparative results of Homoeopathic treat¬
ment, and it is only by gathering in large numbers of insurants, and
noting, on a large scale the mortality of the two classes, Homoeo¬
pathic aud non-Homceopathic, that we can be sure to approximate
the exact truth. Our ratio, thus far, is largely In favor of our practice
by more than two to one. Exception can justly be now taken to it,
because it is drawn from the results of a few thousand cases only, and
therefore chance or accident may have largely to do with it. But if
we had one hundred thousand policy holders, no one could deny the
truthfulness of the tale which such a number would tell. Thus is
becomes the duty, as well as the interest of every Homoeopathic phy¬
sician to turn in to us as many good risks as he can, so as to enable us
to reach the large bases needful for the accurate and indisputable
generalization of facts. And it becomes also the duty and the inter¬
est of the profession to see that no doubtful or impaired cases obtain
their recommendation for a policy; but that all examinations be made
carefully and concientiously, with an eye to the welfare of our Com¬
pany. This is one reason,|of course, though not the only one, why we
prefer Homoeopathic Examiners; for it is possible that a professional
rival or opponent might feel himself justified in foisting a poor risk
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422 Sulpho- Carbolate of Soda in Diphtheria. [June 1,
upon us, at any rate, we want our friends to judge for us, and not one
antagonist.
Several striking instances have come to my knowledge, where the
agents of our Company have largely built up the practice of the Hom¬
oeopathic physicians of their district, in canvassing for risks, and
explaining why we offer lower rates to the adherants of our method
of cure, they become active advocates ;of Homoeopathy, and I
have known families to send ten, fifteen, and twenty miles for one of
our physicians, whose only reasons for so doing was because of what
they had learned from our agents in regard to the advantages of our
practice. They argued to themselves that if a Life Company had
been established with that as its basis and a large sum of money had
been staked upon its success, it must be true. This financial argu¬
ment, this appeal to the pocket, convinced many where nothing else
would; or if it did not convince them, it made them ready and desir¬
ous to give it a fair trial. An active canvasser himself an earnest
believer in our system, is sure to be a great aid to the Homoeopathic
physicians in his neighborhood, by predisposing in his favor all whom
he solicits and persuades to read our facts and figures.
Our inducements, therefore, Mr. Editor, for the profession to aid
our Company, appeal to their pockets, to their self-interest and to
their esprit du corps.
Can they ask anything more V Surely not; unless it be the positive
proof that the Company is thoroughly sound and strong; and worthy
of their hearty recommendation in every respect. This I will show in
my next. E. M. Kellogg.
SULPHO-CARBOLATE OF SODA IN DIPHTHERIA.
In the month of March 1 had several cases of diphtheria. March
16th number of your esteemed journal came while I was having my
first case. I had been treating said case about six or seven days; had
given the best remedies according to indications to the best of my
ability without seeming to gat the case any better. I began to be
almost discouraged, when my eye caught Dr. Newhall’s article upon
Sulpko-Carbolate of Soda. I began at once and gave as the doctor
said, one grain doses every six hours (as an intercurrent) continuing
the same remedies, and the result was gratifying indeed, as the
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1880.]
How to Get Near a Sick Baby.
423
patient began to improve at once, and made a quick recovery. Since
then I have had several cases, and in no case did I cure them as
rapidly as when I used Sulpho-Carbolate of Soda. After reading Dr.
Hairs article, I again tried the remedies without the Sulpho-Carbo-
late of Soda, and, as before, the case ran along a week without any
improvement. In this case there was almost complete aphonia;
patient lying with mouth open. The posterior nares seeming to be
filled with the pseudo membrane which completely filled the throat as
far as I could see, I continued the indicated remedies, Biniodide of
Mercury and Phytolacca and gave the Sulpho-Carbolate of Soda and
used Phytolacca as a gargle. Here again the effect was almost
instantaneous, my patient recovered at once. At first I felt it was a
kind of a “ hash,” but as Dr. N. says, “ if ‘ hash’ will cure my patient
surely and quickly that is what I want.” S. D. J.
Children’s Department.
HOW TO GET NEAR A SICK BABY.
I sent for, and received, Dr. Duncan’s pamphlet “ How to Examine
Infants ” and it is excellent.
But to many, and especially the beginning practitioner, how to han¬
dle the baby , or get near the child for physical examination , is something
they would like to know.
I have never heard it taught, or seen it illustrated, and have heard
more than one old practitioner complain that he could never handle or
make anything out of a sick baby. Now if I can offer in the follow¬
ing any good suggestions may be the babies will be thankful:
In entering the room of a sick baby (except in an extraordinary
case, such as convulsions, etc.,) I simply glance at the baby, be it in
the nurse’s arms or otherwise, and warm my hands carefully if it is
cool weather, and converse with the mother, or best informed attend¬
ant, direct to the case in hand, the condition as apparent to the
nurse; the length of time it has been sick, the supposed cause; all
concomitant symptoms—evacuations, etc., as outlined in Dr. D’s
pamphlet; in fact learn all I can, before attempting to approach the
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424
How to Get Near a Sick Baby.
[June 1,
baby, who by this time (if not in too much pain) has become inter¬
ested in you as something new or strange , and if in much pain, it is not
near as much afraid of you as it would have been when you first
entered.
I have been glancing at the child more or less all this time, but not
so as to irritate it, and if the mother or nurse has called the attention
of the child to me as The Doctor, and I have succeeded some heroic
prescriber, I request her not to do so.
I try to approach the child in an easy manner as if I was familiarly
acquainted—not with the u slap on the back and how are you hoss”
style, nor the “ snap of the fingers,” “ chirrupy,” “ pretty little darl¬
ing” styles, but with a magnetic power (so to speak) so that the baby
will Jeel that I am its friend and it is necessary for me to put my
hand on it or take it in my hands. And every one, and doctors too,
should know how to handle a baby.
It must always be remembered that infants have not a stiff and
strong spinal column, or sure governed poise of the head on the same,
and in picking the child up place one hand (generally the left) on the
chest, with the thumb under one arm and the little, or both ulner
fingers under the other arm while the remaining fingers can help
support the side of the head, letting the whole body lean slightly for¬
ward the other hand grasping the nates with the hollow of the palm
and thumb while the balance of the fingers support the back; this
latter especially when you have the other hand at the upper part of
the dorsal region, the fingers supporting the head, when holding the
child up before you leaning its body a little back of perpendicular.
In capillary bronchitis or any suspected chest affection, you can
hold the child’s chest to your ear both front and back or sides with
these two positions, and this can all be done quietly—walking about
a little if nescessary. Don’t persevere too long if the child frets—
but try again after awhile. Take time and get as true a picture of
the condition as you can, which is mainly objective, and if you do
this carefully and understanding^ (a baby tells no lies like adults
often do) you will be well repaid for the extra amount of time taken.
Notice the tongue or gums if possible when the baby is laughing—or
crying.
Do not prescribe on general principles for that is empiricism.
There is a differentiation between all remedies, and ft w in the materia
medica if you will study it out. Merc, cor ., sol., dulc., or Proto, are not
the same in their therapeutical action as the vivus , in any condition.
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^Season Hints about Qastro-En teritis.
425
Merc. proto ., biniodide, or cyn. cannot be used, “one as good as the
other,” in a given case of pharnyngeal or tonsillar affection. They
each have their special symptoms, characteristic for which they are
curative, and not as a professor of materia medica has generalized
the Mercury ’«—“ that one was good for the head—another for the
throat—another for glands—another for stomach—another for dysen¬
tery, etc..” “Merc, cor , as the best preparation for dysentery.”
Now I say that Merc, cor., will not releive a condition that has the
symptoms of Merc. tnY. Look in your “ Hering ” and see the differ¬
ence understood. J. F. Edgar.
SEASON HINTS ABOUT QASTRO-ENTERITIS, ETC.
BY T. C. DUNCAN, M. D.
Read before the Illinois State Homoeopathic Medical Association.
Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen of the Illinois
Homceopathic Medical Association : In casting about for a sub¬
ject to say a few words upon, I thought of many I would like to
present for discussion that would absorb all the time, but I have con¬
cluded to present a few suggestions on gastro-enteritis (cholera infan¬
tum) of children, occurring in early summer, and its treatment. Every
season has peculiarities like different diseases that we must take into
account. The early cases are indicative of the character of those of
the season. Already I have met a few cases of sharp attacks of gas-
tro-enteric trouble that seem prophetic of a sickly summer. I think
we will have a number of severe cases of gastro-enteritis (cholera
infantum) to manage.
Perhaps in no disease does so much depend upon proper feeding as
in this one, especially in its severe form. The indications for the
treatment will, I think, as a rule, be so clear that none of you can
mistake them. The sudden vomiting of everything taken into the
stomach will suggest Arsenicum. Possibly its adjuvants, Belladonna
on the inflammatory side, and Veratrum on the collapse side, may also
be needed. This chief remedy, Arsenicum , seems so sharply indicated
that it may aggravate, and will need to be given with caution and
perhaps in a higher attenuation than usual.
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426
Season Hints abovX Gastro-Enteritis.
IJune 1,
A hint about food I want to call attention to is in reference to the
prevalence of rheumatism, or, in other words, lithic acid retained in
the system, which seems to particularly interfere with the digestion
of caseine.
Last year I made the discovery, after sad experience, that the
attempt to feed cases of gastro-enteritis with milk was but adding
fuel to the dame. The same is true this year, only, I think, more so,
I have found that those cases recover most promptly where the
stomach is given absolute rest. A child will not starve if it goes six,
twelve, or even twenty-four hours without food. It will act hungry,
and to appease this water may be given in very small quantities.
Bits of crushed ice wrapped in a cloth are better, with a sip of water
now and then. Crust coffee with a dash of milk in it, or even a little
table coffee may be allowed if the child is old enough to take it. It is
with nursing babies where the greatest trouble will be to control the
feeding. Few mothers can resist the thirsty appeals of their infants,
but after a few severe vomitings after nursing they will conclude to
follow your advice, to give its stomach a rest. With babies fed on
cow’s milk it will be imperative to suspend the feeding for a time,
and then resume gradually and cautiously. It is useless, nay, harm¬
ful, to feed a child cow’s milk that vomits it in large curds. The
artificial foods will be called for frequently. I never prescribed them
so oiten as I did last season, and I expect to use them still more this
summer, chiefly because they are so easily digested. Corn-starch,
well cooked with scalded milk , will form a very excellent diet in many
of these cases. I emphasize scalded, for by that means we drive off
sulphuretted hydrogen gas and much of the free lactic acid that all
cow’s milk contains an excess of, which is frequently the cause of the
disease under consideration.
The particular point I want to emphasize is that such cases are
aggravated, rendered graved, and often fatal, chiefly from improper
feeding. Improper feeding is often the cause of the attack. The
frequency of rheumatic and erysipelatous attacks among children,
and the ease with which inflammations of the serous membranes have
been aroused during the cold months, particularly of the pleura, and
meninges of the brain, lead me to anticipate many cases of inflamma¬
tion involving all the coats of the intestines, and particularly of
their serous covering. I have already met cases where the inflam¬
mation apparently commenced in the serous membrane; at least the
sharp pain, distress, and lever indicated as much to me.
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Ventilation.
427
Enteritis uncomplicated is not often met with among infants
in private life. It is frequent enough among foundlings. Enteritis,
like meningitis, is a very grave disease in young children. I have
come to look upon the fever as an index that the attack may be pro¬
longed by extensive inflammation. The more severe the vomiting
the greater the prostration as a rule. The reaction is usually rapid.
Now give the stomach rest and direct attention to head off the fever,
and usually the attack is under control in twelve hours and the child
out of danger in forty-eight, a lingering diarrhoea being the only thing
needing further attention. A hint about the clothing: The severe
vomiting usually renders a change of clothing necessary, and we
find it in its night dress. While prostrate it should be warmly covered,
but when reaction sets in the clothes should be loose and light. A
young child rarely perspires; its fever does not abate in that way.
When seen early these cases are usually easily managed, but I
believe you will all agree with me that many of them may only come
to us after the disease is well established, or, worse yet, after the
child has been “ knocked in the head,” as it were, with some powerful
drug, Opium , Bromide of Potassium, and the like.
Hygiene Department.
VENTILATION.
BY G. W. FOOTE, M. D., GALESBURG, ILL.
Read before the Joint Convention of the Western Academy and Missouri Insti¬
tute of Homoeopathy, May, 1879.
(Continued from page 876.)
I am of the opinion that in the terrible epidemics of scarlet fever
and diphtheria, that occasionally decimate our cities the mortality
among children is very much owing to the imperfect ventilation of
sick rooms, and dwellings than is maintained. To this may be added
insufficient drainage. If this be true then in a proper attention tQ
these important factors of disease, we may expect to find the means
of almost wholly stamping out these scourges of children. But not
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Ventilation.
[June 1,
only the above mentioned diseases are induced and spread through
impure atmosphere, but almost any disease is influenced by the same
cause; more especially typhoid and remittent fevers; while catarrh
and catarrhal diseases may be almost wholly due no doubt to this
cause alone.
Why is it that the farmer anticipates the loss by death from disease,
of so few of his young stock ? Why is it that they are not a source of
anxiety lest sickness become epidemic among them, and destroy the
profits of many weeks of labor in caring for and feeding them ? His
children receive more patient care, are provided for with an ever
watchful attention, awaken his fondest solicitude for their welfare,
yet too often despite it all, they sicken and die. There must be a
cause for this more potent than the mere differences of animal organ¬
ization. Look at the mortality reports among children *, one third of
the deaths are at or before the age of two years. No doubt the feeding
of children has much to do with the mortality reported, but I have
equally small doubt that when the causes of disease are more thor¬
oughly understood, imperfect ventilation will be found to be the most
prolific source of epidemics throughout our country. One fourth of
the children born in London die before they are five years of age. Of
49089 deaths occuring among this class in 1846,14368 perished from dis¬
ease of the respiratory organs, polluted air being the probable great
exciting cause of these diseases.
Like results must ever follow like causes and according to statistics
there has been very little improvement since 1846, in the modes of ven¬
tilation. The air contains more or less of animal matter constantly
in suspension in the forms of infusoria and spores or seeds. In illy
ventilated rooms, in bodies of stagnant air, decomposition of these
matters takes place. Add to this the impurities already noted arising
from respiration and combustion, and we have a sufficient explanation
for the great mortality dependant upon diseases of the lungs. Nor
can your minds or the intelligence of the general public be too
strongly impressed with the fact that the continued respiration of poi¬
sonous atmosphere is the great predisposing cause of all diseases
dependant upon the fermentable matter finding access to the circula¬
tory system. Such diseases as are denominated zymotic, and to which
class belong those before enumerated. This is I think now undis¬
puted.
Says Carpenter “ As the presence of a small (excess) of carbonic
acid in the respired air is sufficient to cause a serious diminution in
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Ventilation .
429
the amount of carbonic acid thrown off and the oxygen absorbed, it
follows that those oxydating processes which minister to the elimination of
effete matter from the system must be imperfectly performed , and that an
accumulation of substances tending to putrescence, must take place
in the blood. Hence there will probably be a considerable increase
in the amount of such matters in the pulmonary and cutaneous exhal¬
ations, and the unrenewed air will become charged not only with
carbonic acid, but with organic matter in a state of decomposition
and will thus favor the (further) accumulation of both these morbific
substances in the blood, Instead of effecting the constant and com¬
plete removal of them, which is the chief office of the respiratory pro¬
cess to accomplish.” Doubtless you have all noticed the putrid and
offensive smell encountered in a room wanting in proper ventilation,
and crowded with people for any length of time. The room becomes
actually offensive in consequence of the exhalations from the bodies,
and the putrid emanations from the furniture and walls which the
fermentation caused by the heat sets free therefrom.
Such poisonous gas, (for it seems a misnomer to call it air) together
with the foul gases of sewers, cesspools and privies of thickly settled
cities and towns constitute the morbific agency, whence is devel¬
oped and spread zymotic disease. This offensive exhalation from the
body is no doubt produced by the imperfect oxidation effected in the
lungs as explained in the passage quoted from Dr. Carpenter.
When the oxidation of effete matter is as complete as it should be,
carbonic acid and water are the almost sole products of respiration,
while the urea and other resultants of disintegrated tissues are car¬
ried off through the kidneys, an incomplete oxidation however will
convert these same particles into those peculiarly offensive products
which characterizes faecal matter. The effect of the respiration of
such foul air is well illustrated by the various epidemics of cholera,
of which all present have read reports or have combated in actual
practice. I shall never forget the experience in the city of my home
a number of years ago when the cholera broke out among the Swedish
emigrants who poured into that place. Houses were scarce and many
persons were obliged to occupy single small rooms. The building
thus inhabited were constructed with no thought to ventilation. The
emanations from bodies and clothing in these rooms created a stench
terrible to physicians and nurses. The only way by which the spread
of the disease was arrested was by building shanties in other quarters
converting barns into places of human abode and separating the sick
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430
Ventilation.
[June 1,
and well as much as possible; thus affording a more adequate supply
of pure air to all. When this was done, control of the disease was so
far obtained, that deaths became few, although diarrhoea prevailed to
a great extent among this class of our citizens. To those who wit¬
nessed it, this epidemic very forcibly illustrated the terribly poison¬
ous nature of the exhalations, from the bodies and lungs when con¬
fined in places inaccessable to the general atmosphere, and withdrawn
from the purifying influence of the forces ot nature. The same exper¬
ience has occured in the history of work-houses, and prisons and in
the low dirty ill ventilated portions of cities, excepting that in some
cases it has been more fatal.
The epidemics that have so long held sway in Chicago, and some
other large cities can be traced to improper ventilation of school
houses and dwellings, coupled with defective drainage of the locality %
What more striking instance of the evil effects arising from the
cases under consideration can be adduced, than is presented by the
population of Iceland? The buildings occupied by these people, it
would seem, are constructed on purpose to kill off the inhabitants
especially the children. They are low, no provision whatever is made
for ventilation, one opening serving as window door and chimney, to
gain light and passage by and to permit egress to the smoke from tire
within, the roof leaking and with no floor but one of filth. One apart¬
ment serves for the occupancy both human and other animals. These
dwelling places too are almost always built near the sea where the
stench of dead and decaying fish and animals, left unburied adds to
the general disgusting surroundings. A more filthy set are not know n
than are these people. It would be expected that this state of things
would produce tuburculous disease, but neither consumption or scrof¬
ula exists among them ; nor is syphilis known. The infant mortality
however is something terrible, being as four out of five, the greater
number dying of trismus nascentium at from eight to fifteen days of
age, notwithstanding that the number of children bom is on an aver¬
age with that of other countries, yet the population does not increase
in a series of years and in some localities actually decreases.
That the cause of this mortality is due to the contamination of the
atmosphere by the filth amid which they live, is proved by the fact
that others of this people living in or near the city, who take better
care of their surrounding, live in better ventilated houses, and breathe
a purer atmosphere rear their children with scarcely a death. The
records of the Dublin Hospital up to the year 1872 exhibit a mortality
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1880.]
Ventilation .
431
of one child in every six, of this class of inmates, but after Dr. J.
Clark was placed in charge, he had a thorough renovation of the
building made, and better ventilation provided; whereby the rates of
death was reduced to one in twenty. Still later Dr. Collins took
charge of this hospital and further improved the means of ventilation.
During the seven years of his administration the deaths amounted to
no more than four or five a year. In the London work-house twenty
three of twenty-six children of inmates died yearly.
An investigation by the authorities resulted in the adoption of a
system of ventilation, after which the mortality was reduced from
twenty-six hundred to four hundred and fifty inmates annually.
From statistics gathered from all countries and climates, the purity
of the air breathed is found to be an essential condition for the main-
tainance of the power of resistance to the encroachment of disease by
the human organism. This department of sanitary science has failed
to receive the attention it should have done from the public, because
the effects of defective ventilation have escaped the observation of all
but the most careful investigators. Such is the extraordinary capa¬
bility of the human organism to accomodate itself to circumstances
and surroundings, that persons have lived, and do live for long
periods in illy ventilated rooms, without apparent suffering or ill
health in consequence thereof. But this immunity is apparent rather
than real, and the deception arises because of the insidious undermin¬
ing of the powers of the organism to resist morbific agencies while
the attention of the majority of persons is arrested only by positive
abrupt causes and facts.
When an epidemic of diphtheria, scarlet fever, or other diseases of
like character sweeps its victims by scores and hundreds into untimely
graves, humanity stands back appalled, but attributes the evil to
mysterious imponderable, and unappreciable agencies. They fail to
realize that for months, it may be for years, before the powers of
nature have been gradually succumbing to the fell influence of con¬
stant, and continued breathing of the air polluted by respiration, and
exhalation, and poisoned by the foul emanations of sinks, cess-pools,
and decaying particles of effete matter from whatever source sup¬
plied.
But it is impossible for any careful educated mind to investigate
the progress of any of these epidemics, without being led to realize
that the fatality of all zymotic disease is in direct proportion to the
degree of impurity of the air constantly inhaled. Nor can such
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432
Notes on Yelloio Fever .
[June 1,
observers fail to note that an atmosphere charged with the putrid
exhalations of lungs, skin, and glands of the human subject, when
crowded into rooms without sufficient ventilation, affords a nidus in
every way congenial to the development and spread of the zymotic
miasmata. Not even the emanations from faecal discharges, or the
decomposition of dead animal matter furnishes a more potent poison
than those mentioned as emanating from the living human body, when
not mingling freely with the out-door atmosphere.
Bearing in mind our duty as physicians to not only heal the sick, but
to preserve the health of our patrons, are we not remiss in that duty if
we neglect the means, whereby may be controlled the virulence of
those diseases called epidemic. The efficiency of preventive medicine
has been substantiated time and again, and the importance of a
knowledge of such measures as lead to this result can no longer be
doubted. I cannot then to strongly urge upon you, as medical men
to study this branch of sanitary science.
INTERESTING NOTES ON YELLOW FEVER IN CUBA.
BY PHIL. PORTER, M. D., JACK8GN, MICHIGAN.
* Being desirous of placing before my brother practitioners matter
pertaining to their profession, and at the same time a subject of gen¬
eral interest to the public, I herewith submit a brief extract of the
report of the committee appointed by the National Board of Health,
known as “ The Havana Yellow Fever Committee of the National
Board of Health of the United States.”
In compliance with instructions received, this commission was
organized by the election of Dr. S. E. Chailli as chairman, and Dr.
G. M. Sternberg as secretary, and by-laws were adopted for the
government of the commission.
An ample supply of apparatus and accessories for microscopical
and chemical work, and a full stock of photographic material was also
procured in advance of the time of sailing, and by the liberal policy
of the Board of Health the commission had been fully supplied with
everything necessary for carrying out the instructions given it. The
three medical members of the commission including Dr. Guiteras
(not mentioned before) with Mr. Rudolph Matas, clerk, and Mr.
Henry Maucel, photographer, sailed from New York, per steamer
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1880.]
Notes on Yellow Fever .
438
City of Washington , on the 3d of July and arrived in Havana on the
evening of the 7th.
Immediately after arriving in Havana the commission established
its office and laboratory in the upper story of the San Carlos Hotel,
where very suitable rooms overlooking the harbor, and conveniently
located with reference to the hospitals.
YELLOW FEVER IN HAVANA AND CUBA FROM 1761 TO 1880.
The year 1762 was a notable one to Havana since it was beseiged
and held by an English force of thirty thousand soldiers and sailors
for more than a year. In that year a yellow fever epidemic commit¬
ted destructive ravages, and it is not singular that many historians
should have committed the apparently inconsequent error of stating
that the disease first appeared in this notable >ear. However, ample
historical proofs have been secured to establish that the*first epidemic
occurred in 1761 and the second in 1762.
The temperature of Havana varies in different years from 77 Q Fah.
to 79°. The mean temperature of the hottest month varies from 82«
to 84-5° and the coldest month from 72° to 75-7° while the minimum
temperature is rarely as low as 50°. The maximum is as rarely 100 Q #
There are no records nor any recollections of frost having ever
occurred except on December 24th and 25th 1856. This of course has
no reference to the sparcely inhabited mountains, some of which
attain in the eastern’end of the island an altitude of more than 8,000
feet.
Notwithstanding the unquestioned influence of heat, yellow fever
is by no means always most prevalent when this is the greatest. From
Cuba to Guiana the disease has repeatedly prevailed with little sever¬
ity during the hottest summers and with great severity during the
winter.
DEATH RATE OF CUBA.
The actual sanitary condition of every place is best tested by its
annual death rate. I have taken from the report the statistics of
Havana for 1827 which was 26 per 1,000, in 1816, 24, in 1861,32 and in
1876-77 to 78,39.5. In 1877 Havana had 17,259 houses for about 206,000
civil and military population. From the table of the chief diseases
of the annual mortality, I have taken phthisis about 1,700, diarrhoea,
dysentery and cholera infantum about 1,500; yellow fever about
1,800; other fevers, chiefly malarial, about 600.
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434
Notes on Yellow Fever.
[June 1,
I think the above statistical facts abound in instructive suggestions
and unsolved problems. The frightful mortality bv phthisis is note¬
worthy, especially in connection with the fact that this mortality is
excessive among the residents and yet that consumptive invalids are
still sent from the United States to Havana. The statistics of mor¬
tality by phthisis began in 1872, and in every year since then, without
exception, the deaths by this disease exceeded those by yellow fever.
No fact could better illustrate the truth of Bowditch’s law, and at the
same time the truth taught by professional experience of the per¬
nicious influence on this disease of foul air and other sanitary con¬
ditions, especially when combined with subsoil moisture. If these
same conditions are the most potent factors in typhoid fever or if it is
a filth disease then it becomes inexplicable that this disease does not
commit far greater ravages.
The water supply comes from the river Almendaus; about four
miles west of the entrance to the harbor of Havana, by means of the
Lauga or water course (in truth a ditch) and the Aqueduct of Fer¬
dinand VII., also by the Vents or of Isabel II., which was begun
in 1859, has cost more than $3,000,000 and will require nearly as much
more to be completed. The water supply is totally insufficient. The
water of the Lauga flows for some four miles through unprotected
mud banks, the fluids from many houses drain into it, men and horse
bathe and dead bodies have been seen floating in it; but the impu¬
rity of this water supply is an evil slight in comparison to that
which results from the inadequate supply of water of any kind to
the whole population, when bathing becomes difficult and washing so
exorbitant that it costs from twenty to thirty cents in gold to have a
gentleman’s shirt washed, it is not strange that personal cleanliness
should be so neglected that an unusually large portion of the people
are offensive to the smell.
Most of the houses are one story and occupy very little space.
There are no storerooms, pantries, closets or other conveniences for
household supplies; but there are usually four groceries on the cor¬
ners of each square from which table supplies are procured at each
meal. The privy is almost a part of the kitchen; it consists of an
excavation which often extends several feet under the stone flags of
the court; it is never emptied until it will hold no more, which is
about every five or ten years. In juxtaposition to the privy is another
excavation to receive the filthy refuse water of the kitchen, laundry*
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1880.]
Diuretic Action of Crated Drinks .
435
and household generally. This refuse water is said to undergo a putri-
faction which renders it intolerably offensive.
The proportion of the civil and military population to the houses in
Havana is nearly twelve, to one. In the chief cities of the United
States, excluding New York, the number of persons to the dwelling
varies from 5.5 to 8.3.
It is estimated by experts in such matters that the sanitary engi¬
neer would require not less than $20,000,000 to correct some few of the
most glaring insanitary evils, such as have relation to the water sup¬
ply, the drainage, the sewerage, the paving of the streets, and the
harbor.
Passing over the subject of “ Origin of Yellow Fever in Ships and
Harbors,” the “ Disposition relative to America” and other matter
that space will not allow being introduced here, I come to the exami¬
nation of the blood in yellow fever.
In yellow fever, as in the specific febrile diseases generally, changes
in the constitution of the blood have commonly been believed to pro¬
duce the most important pathological result from the action of the
specific poison of the disease, and it is assumed that the poison must
exist in the circulating fluid, although in the majority of diseases it
has heretofore eluded microscopical and chemical researches. In
certain diseases, however, it is claimed that the presence of vegetable
organisms known under the general name of bacteria, which are found
in the blood or other fluids of the body, is an essential feature in the
etiology of the diseases in question. Many facts relating to the origin
and progress of yellow fever epidemics have induced a large number
of the physicians most familiar with the disease to anticipate the
discovery of a similar organism in the blood of patients suffering from
it. If there is any organism in the blood of yellow fever demonstra¬
ble by the highest powers of the microscope as at present perfected, the
photo-micrographs taken in Havana should show it. No such organ -
ism is shown in any preparation photographed immediately after collection.
(To be continued.)
DIURETIC ACTION OF CRATED DRINKS .
At the meeting of German naturalists and physicians, held recently
at Hamburg, Prof. Quincke, gave the details of a series of experi¬
ments he had made upon the amount of urine eliminated in the morn¬
ing after awakening, in a healthy person taking the same quantity of
food and drink at the same hours, but on alternate days, consuming
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436
Society Proceedings .
[June 1,
water charged with, and water free from, carbonic acid gas. The
drinking of the former was found to increase the discharge of urine
in the course of three hours from 7 to 21 per cent. The most proba¬
ble cause of this increase appeared to be that carbonic acid gas pro¬
motes absorption. Other experiments, in which the subjects drank
no water at all, on waking showed that the urine secreted in the
morning was lighter and clearer than the night urine, and there can
be no doubt that during sleep the secretion of urine is greatly dimin¬
ished, whilst it becomes very active during the earlier hours of the
day.— Lancet.
Society Proceedings.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE CENTRAL NEW YORK HOMCEO-
PATH1C MEDICAL SOCIETY.
AFTERNOON SESSION.
Syracuse, N. Y., December 18,187®. 1 o’clock p. m.— The central
N. Y. Homoeopathic Medical Society met, according to adjournment,
in the rooms of Wm. Hawley M. D.
Present: Dr. Boyce, the President, and Drs. Hawley, Kinne,
Hussey, Wallace, Gwynn, Jennings, Young, Benson, Stow, Bigelow,
Seward, Brewster, Rhodes, Eaton, Besemer, Chase, and Emeus.
Dr. Hawley was appointed Secretary pro tem. The Minutes of the
last meeting were read, and approved.
The rules were suspended, and the Society proceeded to elect a
Secretary and Treasurer in the place of the late H. Y. Miller, M. D.
Dr. Jennings was elected.
Drs. Hawley, Wallace, and Gwynn, were appointed a committee on
Necrology. Said committee presented the following paper:
Since death has taken away our friend, and long time faithful Sec¬
retary, Harrison Y. Muller, M. D., it is proper that this Society,
while it realizes and respects his often expressed aversion to the
usual formalities of commemorating the dead, should put o ord
its appreciation of his character and services Thereto
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1880.)
Society Proceedings.
487
Resolved , That Harrison Y. Miller, as our Secretary for the last ten
years has been the life of this Society, and has done more to extend
its influence and promote its usefulness than any other member.
Resolved , That as a man, he commanded our respect for his integ¬
rity and unflinching obedience to his own convictions; as a student,
for his diligence, fidelity and exactitude; as a physician, for his sym¬
pathetic kindness, faithful and cheering attentions and close precrip-
tions; and, as a member of this Society, for his uniform urbanity and
his enthusiastic disposition to work for all that could extend its influ¬
ence or advance the Science of Medicine.
Resolved , That to commemorate our respect for him, this tribute to
his character shall be put on our Minutes, and published in the Jour¬
nals of the day.
Resolved , That we tenderly sympathize with his family in their loss,
and give expression to such sympathy by sending them a copy of this
memento.
The paper was accepted, and approved.
The same committee presented a paper relating to the late E. A.
Munger, M. D. of Oneida County; which paper was accepted, and
reads as follows:
Since death has taken away a friend and esteemed co-labourer, and
pioneer of Homoeopathy in Oneida County, E. A. Munger, M. D., of
Waterville, we would add our word of appreciation of his character
and worth. Therefore,
Resolved , That in his death we have lost one of our most honored
and honorable members, and Homoeopathy one of its earliest follow¬
ers and truest advocates, one who always commanded the respect and
regard of his professional brethren, and of his townsmen and neigh¬
bours.
Resolved , That this tribute to his memory shall be entered on our
records, and a copy furnished to the daily Press.
Resolved , That we tender to his family and his friends our sincere
sympathy for them in their bereavement.
A letter from Dr. Wells of Utica, testifying to the worth of the late
Dr. Miller, was read, and placed on file.
The President stated the subject of discusion to be paragraphs 72-
108 of Hahnemann’s Organon. At the last meeting, Dr. Jennings
was requested to prepare a digest of the subject of these paragraphs,
viz: Acute and Chronic Diseases.
Dr. Jennings read a paper upon the subject. The Society returned
thanks to Dr. Jennings for the paper; and, ordered that a copy thereof
be requested for publication, in pamphlet form, under the auspices of
this Society, as representing the opinions of this Society upon the
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438
Society Proceedings.
LJtjne 1,
subject of the paper. Drs. Hawley, Stow, and Jennings were
appointed a committee to procure the publication of said paper.
discussion.
Dr. Stow—Is as Arm a believer in Homoeopathy to-day as ever, and
more so. Behind all chronic diseases, not produced by tangible
causes, there are dynamic cause ; and, to treat successfully, we must
confine ourselves to the Homoeopathic law. Vaccination has much to
do with the psora-theory. Doubts whether more injury has not been
done by vaccination, than good. Vaccination frequently sets up a
condition of things in the patient most unfavorable. At one time,
in many cases he knew of, vaccination was followed by phlegmon
The virus was taken from a perfectly healthy child. The child was
vaccinated with virus taken from a healthy cow. Vaccination gives
rise to eczema. In the late war, Vaccination being enforced in the
army, a prevalent Eczema was traceable to humanized virus. As to
the Itch, lotions may be used to exterminate the Acarus, provided
internal medication is followed up. Generally topical applications in
skin-diseases are hurtful.
Dr. Seward—Every case must be examined as to its symptoms,
and the remedy selected accordingly, without reference to any theory
of psora.
Dr. Hawley—In both acute and chronic diseases, the more entirely
he trusts himself to Hahnemann’s law of cure, the more successful he
is. The psora-theory is a theory. If it accounts for all the facts, it
is a good theory; but, theory will not help us. We must depend
upon the law of similars. Get the characteristics of a case, and the
characteristics of the drug covering the case; then give the minimum
dose, and you will cure your patient.
Dr. Boyce—Hahnemann states, in his work on chronic diseases,
that the dose should not be repeated until the effect of the dose
already given has been expended. Hahnemann went even farther
than this. He taught that, in chronic diseases, the same medicine
should not be repeated. The dose given has eliminated some of the
symptoms. Study the case anew, select a remedy, and you will
remove with it another set of symptoms. Thus proceeding, the symp¬
toms of the disease will be removed in sections. Have gentlemen
present, followed this plan ? Of late years, he has tried this plan, and
it has wiped out diseases that he never could touch before. In some
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1880.] Society Proceedings . 439
chronic diseases, has given three or four doses only during a year,
with good results.
Dr. Seward—Repetition of dose, in chronic cases which were
severe, has been very successful. In dropsies, after using Arsenicum
30 and lower, without effect, he has given the 200th, whereupon
improvement began immediately. Ovarian Dropsy, in a badly mer¬
curialized case, was cured by Arsenicum 41M, in solution, repeated
several times a day. A case of Ascites, badly mercurialized, received
no benefit from Arsenicum 200. The 41M was given, and it relieved
for a year. Then, Apis . 40M was exhibited, and the case recovered.
If, in acute or chronic disease, one dose is followed by marked relief,
it is best to wait.
Dr. Wallace—Had, a few years ago, a case of inveterate constipa¬
tion. The affection had existed from childhood. It was a BiTjonia
case, andBryonia had been given, low and high, without relief. Gave
her Bryonia 1 millionth, one dose. Relief was prompt, and her con¬
stipation has not returned.
Dr. Brewster—A case of violent spasmodic Croup was cured by
Aconite 200, one dose.
Dr. Bigelow—Agrees with the former speakers.
Dr. Boyce—A case of constipation, in 1866. A lady. She had for
years no evacuation, save when it was induced by cathartics or ene¬
mas ; and, then only by all the power she could summon in the
expulsive effort, with dispair of succeeding. Gave Alumina 200, with¬
out result. Alumina 23M cured her. She has had no more trouble.
Dr. Stow —Alumina has disposition to grasp the seat tightly when
at stool; perspiration breaks out; the patient almost despairs of
effecting a movement.
Dr. Boyce—A characteristic of Sarsaparilla is pain in the neck of
the bladder at close of urination, a chill starting from that point and
running up the back. A few powders of the 200th cured a case hav¬
ing these symptoms.
Dr. Hawley—A young lady has not had, for many years, an evacua¬
tion of the bowels without the help of enema or cathartic. Has
always suffered from Dysmenorrhoea. Five years ago she fell heavily,
her chair being pulled away as she was about to sit down. Confined
to the house for the last three years. Has never a desire for stool.
Is made aware that the rectum is filled, by a violent burning down the
4>ack, with chills running down the legs, the thighs being covered
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440
Society Proceedings .
[Junk 1,
with goose*flesh. At stool, is compelled to dig away the faeces with
the fingers. The excrement comes away in scybala, of .the size of
chestnuts; sometimes these are covered with slime. What is the
remedy V
Dr. Stow—Opium will relieve.
Dr. Boyce suggested Plumbum . Some one asked: Does not the
anamnesis point to Arnica V
Dr. Hawley—Have given Arnica , high. It has relieved the constant
burning in the back. The burning is present only when the rectum
is full.
Dr. Seward—A young man had typhoid fever. One morning, before
I saw him, he ate a piece of toast. After that, he knew little for
three weeks; but,he would pick out balls from the rectum, and tnrow
them on the floor. They sounded below stairs like stones falling on
the floor. Plumbum relieved this condition.
Dr. Hussy—Have never departed from the law of similars without
having occasion to regret it. Have the best success when using the
single remedy, and high attenuation. In acute cases, repeat the dose;
but, not so often as formerly. In chronic diseases, have best success
when a dose is left to expend its power before repeating it. Have had
good success in relieving obstinate constipation with one or two
doses of a carefully chosen remedy.
Dr. Boyce—Those who are beginning practice now cannot realize
how difficult it was, twenty-five years ago, to get hold of the idea of
the treatment of chronic diseases; difficult to understand that medi¬
cines must be left to exhaust their action before repeating the dose,
or giving another medicine. Dr. Hering, the most remarkable man
he ever met, gave him valuable instruction in long conferences at Dr.
Hering’s office. Also, Dr. Carroll Dunham.
Dr. Brewster—A week ago, visited an old lady. She has Sciatica
in left hip. The last few weeks, enormous swelling of the legs from
the knees down ; both legs have a feeling of great heaviness; parox¬
ysmal burning in the flesh; keeps moving her feet in alternation, up
and down, constantly; cannot bear the least weight on her feet; pain
in the hip prevents lying down to sleep; there is slight discoloration
of the skin. No chest trouble. Says she is well otherwise.
Dr. Seward—Chest trouble will develop before long.
Dr. Jennings —Arsenicum ought to help.
Dr. Brewster—She complains when sitting down, as if she were
sitting upon something hard, or, upon some wrinkle in her clothing.
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Dr. Boyce —Arnica is your remedy. That last symptom is character¬
istic of Arnica , and it must be met.
Dr. Hawley—Concerning miasms: it is said, that a contagion is
instantaneous in its action ; the whole system is pervaded by it. Its
expression upon the surface should not be interfered with : e. g.,
the chancre is an outlet to the syphilitic poison in the system. It
should be left, rather than be treated by repressive measures. In
Variola, the symptoms of the skin f6rm the goal which Nature
reaches in trying to eliminate the miasjp with which the system has
been impregnated.
Dr. Benson—Hahnemann’s view of psora is interesting and impor¬
tant ; but, our business in practice is with the law of similars. His
experience favours high potencies. Last summer, his own child, sick
with Cholera Intantum, and nigh unto death, was saved by Psorimm
42M.
Dr. Gwynn—Believe in high potencies, and the single remedy.
Adjourned to meet in same rooms, the third Monday of March, 1880,
at 1 o’clock, p. m. Attest, C. P. Jennings,
Secretary.
MEMORIAL.
BY J. S. MITCHELL, M. D.
Read before the Illinois State Medical Association.
On January 31,1880 one of the happiest homes in this wide city was
left desolate. It was a glorious winter morning; the sun shone with
wonderful clearness; the crisp air filled one with energy ; all things
else seemed pleasant; the streets were astir, and all was bustle, as is
usual at early morn in a great city.
But members of the profession looked each other in the face and
said,“ Woodyatt is dead:” So stunned, so shocked were we, that w r e
felt all the world ought to stand still and mourn. It was almost a
mockery that the busy hum of life should continue as was its wont
In the face of death, thoughts crowd quickly, not only to the dying
man, but to all within his sphere.
Who can explain such an event ? A young man, full of fruitage,
and richer promise still, earnest, noble and beloved, is suddenly
snatched away, no more in this world to be the pride and stay of his
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home, and a help to his fellows. Why should we try to solve this
problem V All through the ages human reason has struggled with it ;
and ail through the ages it has baffled finite minds. We say an hour
before death, it must not, and it cannot be. Vain speech, alas 1 He
is gone, is the next utterance. No pleading tears, no efforts, no skill,
nursing never so tender, no prayers avail against the inexorable.
All have traveled the same road, saint, king, plebeian. Well may we
say with Raleigh ‘ 1 0, eloquent and mighty death! What no man
has dared, thou hast done, * * * * with just two narrow words
#
“ hicjacet? ”
And so on this grand morning he came to our friend and profes¬
sional brother, W. H, Woodyatt. Never did King of Terrors strike
more unexpectedly. Of regular and most exemplary habits, shielded
from the night work, the loss of sleep, irregular meals, the incessant
hurrying to and fro of the general practitioner, of good physique and
previous excellent health, yet he was marked. Though only thirty-
five, he had seen much of life. Born at Brantford in the province of
Ontario, on the 12th of September, 1846; he enjoyed the advantages
of a common school education, and an excellent home. At thirteen
he commenced the battle of life, and from this tender age without
interruption fought it manfully and successfully. He entered the
office of the Montreal Telegraph Company, when about sixteen, and
at nineteen was manager of the company’s office at Kingston. Ere
long his ambition led him to seek another field. Entering the office
of Dr. H. C. Allen, at Brantford, he commenced the study of medi¬
cine. After due preparation he attended lectures at the Cleveland
Hospital College, where he graduated in 1869, one of the foremost
students in his class. After his graduation, he decided to prepare
himself as an aural and ophthalmic surgeon. With this $nd in view
he went to New York, and spent two years in close study of this
specialty, attending the clinics at Knapps, at the Manhattan Hospital
and the New York Ophthalmic Hospital. During this time he pur¬
sued his studies with great system and effectiveness. While follow¬
ing these investigations, he supported himself by working in the
office of the Associated Press in the city of New York. He soon
gained the reputation of being one of the most expert operators in
the United States. With the same deftness with which his dexterous
hand later wielded the delicate instruments of his specialty, during
the nights after the nation’s most exciting events when messages
flew thick and fast, Woodyatt could be trusted to take them with no
error or break. Whatever his hand found to do was done with skill.
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In 1871 he came to Chicago, soon after he was appointed lecturer on
Ophtholomogy and Otology at the Hahneman Medical College, and
gave his first course during the spring term of 1871. During the next
winter session in that institution, he gave the regular lectures on
Ophthalmology and Otology with such success that he was unani¬
mously appointed professor of this specialty. As a lecturer he was
distinguished for clearness, method and scientific accuracy. His earn¬
estness was a constant inspiration to students/ Always thorough and
scientific himself he was a firm believer in the urgent necessity for
improved methods of medical education. Firmly persuaded that in
a new college his views regarding the elevation of the standard of
medical instruction could be best carried out, in 1876 when the Chi¬
cago Homoeopathic College was established, he resigned his position
to take the professorship of the same chair in that institution. In
the organization and subsequent conduct of that college he was one
of the most active and influential workers and none more keenly feel
his loss than his colleagues on the faculty.
From the date of his first establishment in Chicago his practice
steadily increased. It could hardly do otherwise. As a physician he
was scientific, and noted for his great analytical powers. Every case
which presented itself to him was studied with the most conscientious
thoroughness. He possessed the soundest common sense. Exceed¬
ingly genial in his relations with his patients, few men are more
gratefully and pleasantly remembered by their clientelage than
Woodyatt. He enjoyed rare judgement for his years, and a frank¬
ness that was always attractive. One could send a case in his spe¬
cialty to him with the conviction that it was in the hands of a master.
It is greatly to be regretted that he left no systematic work upon
diseases of the eye, or ear. He had collected an immense amount of
material which would have afforded scope for a standard treatise that
would have been an enduring monument of his genius. Doubtless
had he lived much longer, such a volume would have been prepared.
All his cases were carefully recorded, and there is in existence a vast
amount of data that some friendly and able hand may yet place in
proper shape. Of his journal articles those on Physostigma and
Lilium tigrinum are undoubtedly the best, showing the most research
and intimate acquaintance with the minutise of his subject.
In all relations of life he was a man — in the full sense of the word
None excelled him in the depth and warmth of his friendships.
Addison says, “No blessing is comparable with the enjoyment of a
discreet and virtuous friend; it eases and unloads the mind, improves
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the understanding, engenders thought and knowledge, animates vir¬
tue and good resolutions, soothes and allays passions.” One cannot
rush into the friendship of such a man. It must grow and be mutual
and reciprocal.
I enjoyed Woodyatt’s friendship for years. Pardon the personality
of speaking of my own relation with him, it is one of the sweet remem¬
brances of my life. I loved him as a brother and shall never forget
the pang when the tender cords that bound me to him snapped. He
was one in whom you could rest, his staunchness inspiring the fullest
confidence. Earnest and enthusiastic as a co-laborer, true as steel
unfailingly affable, and faithful unto death, I am sure his host of
friends will endorse my sentiments, and with me never cease to
regret that our noble Woodyatt is no more.
As a citizen he was imbued with a grand spirit of devotion to
human interests. On all questions of public policy his views were in
accord with the true and great of this earth. He entered with zeal
upon the work of raising the standard of medical education because
he believed it for human weal. His last words to me were that he had
enjoyed his efforts in that direction. Nothing that concerned man¬
kind was foreign to him. This man so honored, so trusted, so beloved!
so fitted in every way to walk the earth and stay among us and help
us, had to die. He was taken with diphtheria a week before his death
Entering his office one day, there was a placard upon the private
room stating he was ill but would probably be down to-morrow. We
little thought then, of the shock so soon to follow. The disease was
of a malignant type. He suffered pain in swallowing to a degree
which is not common in diphtheria. On Wednesday I learned of his
serious illness, and hastened to his bedside—we then hoped he would
live.
Dr. Beebe had watched him with a brotherly care, and had left no
stone unturned, nor any effort of his rare skill to assuage his suffer¬
ings and insure bis recovery.
Delirium was an early symptom, and was of bad omen. As the
great dramatist has it, fca his poor brain, the soul's frail hiding place,
does by the idle comments that it makes, foretell the ending of mor¬
tality.” It ceased however, and the appearance of the fauces
improved. There was marked hoarseness, and the fatal laryngeal
complication appeared most to be dreaded. Suddenly with few
premonitory symptoms, and when solid improvement seemed about
to take place, cardiac failure occurred, and death was speedy.
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It was eminently characteristic of the man, that he should, looking
at his old friend Dr. Beebe, say calmly, “ Doctor, am I dying V ” and
then, in response to the not to be mistaken words re'ply, of I am not
afraid of death.” The rapid failure of the heart left little time for
comment.
Fain would we proffer to his sorrowing family all the consolation
in our power. He is gone but we can assure them that his memory
will always be as gentle as his own tender nature and that his earnest
royal spirit will never cease to animate his professional brothers.
Is there any compensation in the loss of such a man ? We may well
ask ourselves, what is there for him and what is there for us V For
him we can only say that faith helps us to believe “ all is well.” The
beautiful religion, which had been his consolation in life, teaches
that when we enter the spirit world, freed from all the trammels of
this life, free from all the clogs that hinder our progress here, we enter
that work which is best suited to our needs, and pursue it with a
pleasure such as cannot be derived from earthly labor. It is comfort¬
ing for us to think of our friend Woodyatt now, with brighter eye,
with more elastic step, and yet keener zeal, pursuing those investi¬
gations which, to him, were such a source of solid enjoyment when
on earth. For ourselves, there is also comfort. We are not left to
mourn such a beloved professional brother without something to
assuage the bitterness.
Dickens, who always touches tender chords says, “ When death
strikes down the young for every form from which he lets the panting
spirit free, a hundred virtues rise, in shapes of mercy, charity, and
love, to walk the world and bless it. Of every tear that sorrowing
mortals shed on such green graves, some good is born, some gentler
nature comes, and in the destroyer’s steps there spring up bright
creations that defy his power, and his dark path becomes the way of
light to Heaven. It is hard to take the lesson that such deaths will
teach, but let no man reject it, for it is one that all must learn, and is
a mighty universal truth.”
INDIANA INSTITUTE OF HOMOEOPATHY.
The fourteenth annual session of the Indiana Institute of Homoeo¬
pathy began May 25, 1880, at 9 o’clock, at Plymouth Church,
opening with prayer by Rev. O. C. McCulloch, the following physi¬
cians being in attendance, with Dr. H. W. Taylor, of Crawfordsville,
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Society Froceedmgs.
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president, and O. S. Rnnnels, of Indianapolis, as secretary : Drs. Wnu
L. Breyfogle, Louisville, Ky.; H. H. Baxter, Cleveland, Ohio, dele¬
gate from the Homoeopathic Hospital College of Cleveland; Jas. A.
Campbell, St. Louis, Mo., delegate from the Homoeopathic College of
St. Louis ; Samuel Maguire, Greensburg ; S. C. Whiting, Laporte *
G. W. Bowen, Ft. Wayne; P. B. Hoyt, Paris. Ill.; H. W. Taylor,
Crawfordsville; O. P. Baer, Richmond; T. C. Hunter, Wabash; A.
C. Williamson, Ft. Wayne; Z. Hockett, Anderson; J. W. Irons,
Logansport; J. Derx, Brookville; Levi Keehn, Milford; E. G. Frey-
ermuth, South Bend; Jos. A. Utter, Shannondale; W. S. Gee,
Anderson; J. C. M. Chaffee, Kentland; A. L. Monroe, Danville,
Ky.; J. M. Byler, Warsaw; C. M. Pickett, Albion; M. A. Staffords
Peru ; Samuel N. Caldwell, Pilot Grove; W. C. Condon, L. N. How¬
ard, Indianapolis; H. J. Needham, New Albany; A. Southworth,
Dublin; N. F. Canaday, Hagerstown; E. W. Dunlap, Plymouth;
J. M. Partridge, South Bend ; S. Dunlevy, Richmond; O. S. Run¬
nels, M. T. Runnels, J. A. Compton, J. R. Haynes, C. T. Corliss,
J. D. George, B. F. French, Indianapolis; M. M. Eaton, Cincin¬
nati, Ohio; J. N. Taylor, Crawfordsville; W. P. Armstrong, Lafay¬
ette; II. P. Holmes, Lebanon; J. F. McClain, Franklin; W. F.
Moore, Terre Haute; Wm. Owens, Cincinnati; W. II. Thomas,
Elkhart; W. R. Elder, Terre Haute; W. D. Hill, Greencastle; E.
P. Jones, Marion; P. H. Wright, Fairmount; O. C. Link, Rens¬
selaer; W. II. Brazie, Bristol.
COMMITTEES.
The chair appointed the following committees: Dr. T. C. Hunter
a committee of one on credentials; on invitations. Dr. C. T. Corliss ;
on president’s address, Dr. S. C. Whiting; on publicaton, Drs. M.
T. Runnels, O. P. Baer, G. W. Bowen. The committee appointed,
to revise the constitution and by-laws reported, and their report indi¬
cating certain changes was adopted. Dr. James A. Campbell, of St.
Louis, Mo., and Dr. H. II. Baxter, Cleveland, Ohio, reported as dele¬
gates from their respective colleges. Several proposals for member¬
ship were received. The president then delivered the annual address.
REPORT OF BUREAUX.
The report of the bureau of surgery, in which were several inter¬
esting papers, went over until next day. Dr. G. W. Bowen, Ft. Wayne*
chairman of the bureau of sanitary science, made a short report*
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Society Proceedings.
447
after which he read a paper on the “ State Control of Infectious Dis¬
eases,’’ which was referred to the publication committee. He also
read a paper, which was referred to the same committee, on u Malaria
vs. Brains.”
SHAKES VERSUS STATESMEN.
Dr. Bowen said:
We are all well aware that in some portion of our country a larger
percentage of men gain notoriety for superiority in their chosen voca¬
tion than in other parts of it. It is certainly worthy of analysis to tind^
if possible, the cause for this variation, whether diet, climate,society,
maternal influence or circumstances, have ought to do in this produc¬
tion. After a careful survey of the field for many years, the conclusion
has been forced upon me that the soil and climate have much to do
with it, or rather, that the evidence, mostly of a negative character,
that a malarial climate notably prevents cerebral development. An
excess of humidity is detrimental to the combined structure, whether
it be injected or absorbed, but more marked will be its effect if it is
absorbed, and that in a malarial climate, where it is introduced satu¬
rated with decomposed vegetation, to be borne around as a dead
weight, to disseminate its baneful effects, not alone on the physical
structure, but more especially to retard cerebral activity. In a high,
dry and arid atmosphere the blood is actually thicker, and if the diet
is judiciously richer in all of those elements that go to feed the brain
the work it can accomplish will be greater and the fatigue will be
correspondingly less. In a humid atmosphere, or where it is gener- *
ally moist, the absorption is necessarily increased, and there is an
excess which must render the blood thinner and less toxical or nutri¬
tive to supply the mental strain.
The doctor appeared to think that these malarial influences were
exerting their baneful effects in Indiana. He continued : fc * Where
is there a man that has gained the right to have his name engraved
on the scroll of fame in our state V None are there save the late
lamented Morton, and we all know his came there from the rebellion
— an accidental affair that was favorable to his promotion. Oh, for
an accident to t efall us, if it would lift us out of our mediocrity and
help us to gain the world’s applause! What book has ever been
written by a resident of our state that has brought credit to its
author or even moie than escaped being a stillbirth V Do our annals
of literature hold one single speech made by a malaria-saturated man
that is worthy of perpetuity or of being studied by some rising
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Society Proceedings .
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Demosthenes ? Is it not time that we seek to find some mental irri¬
tant, some means by which we can flagellate our intellectual faculties
until they generate or give birth to thoughts or acts that not only
ourselves, but others, may be proud of and hail as a God-send to
relieve this monotony and mental sterility ? Where good coffee has
been liberally used the greatest percentage of malarial symptoms has
materially lessened, and corresponding elevation of cerebral activity
could easily be observed, for it must and does contribute largely to
develop, aid and stimulate the whole mental fabric in its evolving of
thought or compulsion to acts. As yet, I have to learn of anything
as agreeable or more effectual in its antidotal properties to malaria
than that of coffee. Arsenicum as a medicine, will accomplish the
same object if it is judiciously given.”
SOIL AND WATKR.
Dr. Moses T. Runnels read a paper on the subject of ‘‘Soil and
Water Pollution of Indianapolis.” The paper was lengthy, abound¬
ing in facts and figures. No extract can do the paper justice.
There certainly is no subject of greater importance to the people
that that of pure water, and it is of this and the means of obtaining
it that the paper treats. Concerning the White river water he said :
“ Inasmuch as White river is used by the water-works as a source of
supply when the water in their wells gets low, and also in the time of
fire in the city, it was thought advisable to ascertain the condition of
the river water. Therefore, on April 30, 1880, a sample was drawn
from the river at the middle of the iron bridge at the foot of Wash¬
ington street. One litre contained: Total solid constituents, .36
grammes; organic and volatile matter v .032 grammes; chlorine, .105
grammes; free ammonia, .00072 grammes; albuminoid ammonia,
.00048 grammes. Fifty cubic centimetres of this water required
thirty-six drops of the permanganate of potash solution to render it
permanently red. The same amount of distilled water required but
eight drops of said solution to become permanently red. The micro¬
scope revealed sand, clay, legs and other parts of insects, foreign
matter of many kinds, and animalcules. This water is but little
better than sewage.” He adds : “ It is due to the water-works to
state that the water taken from the river is filtered through a bed of
sand and gravel about four feet deep.” He continued: “On May
18,1880, a sample of water was drawn from a faucet of Water-works
Company. The analysis revealed the following: Each litre con-
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Society Proceedings.
449
tained: Total solids, .84 grammes; organic and volatile matter, .48
grammes; chlorine, 0.47; free ammonia, .00008 grammes; albumin-
oid ammonia, .00024; nitrates and nitrites, a large amount. The
value of the above figures can best be understood when it is known
that pure spring water never contains over .000005 grammes of free
ammonia and .00002 grammes of albuminoid ammonia per litre. The
best authorities state that water is suspicious which contains
above .0001 grammes of albuminoid ammonia per litre, and over
.00015 grammes of albuminoid ammonia per litre ought to be con¬
demned absolutely.”
PARASITES AND PARASITIC DISEASES.
Dr. J. M. Partridge, of South Bend, read a paper on “ Parasites and
Parasitic Diseases.” He said: The subject of parasities and parasi¬
tic diseases seems not to have received from medical or scien¬
tific sources the attention its importance demands. Among the
people there exists a degree of ignorance on this subject as remark¬
able as it is inexcusable. Occasionally, the appearance of a tape¬
worm attracts the attention and excites the wonder of a whole
community, or the case of a child in convulsions is diagnosed by
some “semi-medical woman as a clear case of “ worm fits,” and the
diagnosis which ascribes all cases of convulsions to parasitic causes
is not a whit more unreasonable nor half as inexcusable as the scoff¬
ing reply of the doctor, that if children ever had worms they are a
part of the economy of nature and entirely harmless. Parasites infest
both the vegetable and animal kingdoms, and are doubtless trans¬
missible from one to the other. Carnivorous animals obtain their
parasites from their food—from the flesh of their victims. Diseased
or blighted vegetation is most likely to be infested with parasites.
The blight in plants is itself a parasitic disease. Pestilence and
famine go hand in hand. The pestilential diseases which famines
engender are due not so much to an actual scarcity of food as to the
unhealthy or diseased condition of the same. The law of migration
and development of parasites, although as yet but partially under¬
stood, is certainly full of the deepest interest and worthy of the most
profound investigation. There are thirty-one distinct species of par¬
asites found in man alone, some numerous, others rarely seen; some
monsters, others invisible except under the microscope. In the
development and migration of parasites it is noticed that they have
different forms in different habitations. They become sexually mature
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only in the open cavities of the body, as the alimentary canal. In their
immature condition they exist as larv® in the substance of the tissue,
and these larv® have not the power of further developing into
maturity until carried into the stomach of some other mammal. The
trichina spiralis is introduced into the human system by eating flesh
containing its immature larv®. It is found occasionally in most
warm blooded animals, but chiefly in the hog; and from this source
man is generally infected. The hog, no doubt, derives the parasites
from eating rats and mice with which sties are infested. When flesh
containing these encysted larv® is taken into the stomach the para¬
sites are liberated from their cysts by the process of digestion, and in
two days’ time have reached their adult or sexually mature condition.
In two or three days more the female brings forth an innumerable
brood of hair like larv® which immediately begin their work of
destruction by penetrating the intestinal walls, and seeking their des¬
tination in the muscles, which they probably reach through the circu¬
lation of the blood. Here their presence is most painfully realized.
Lacerating the fibres and penetrating the muscles, they gorge them¬
selves with flesh so that in two weeks from the time they were taken
into the stomach they have obtained their first form of development,
and now become encysted larv®. Here they must remain forever
dormant unless at some time taken into some unfortunate stomach,
there to be liberated and permitted to repeat the work of destruction
and death. In from three to six days after the infested food is eaten,
the victim is attacked with pain and tenderness of the stomach and
bowels, attended with vomiting and obstinate diarrhoea. This is the
first stage or period of intestinal irritation and perforation. In about
three days more are added the symptoms of fever, extreme lassitude
and loss of appetite. The parasite has now attacked the absorbent
glands, and this is the second or typhoid stage. Immediately follow
symptoms of pain, inflammation and swelling of the muscles which
the parasite has now attacked, and this is the third or rheumatic
stage. Cough and severe dyspnoea, with hectic fever and delirium.
The parasite has weakened the muscles of respiration and invaded
the lung tissue, and this is the fourth stage, that of typhoid pneumo¬
nia. There is but one more, and that is death, which is surely and
speedily reached.
In a sanitary point of view there is little to be done for this disease
except in the matter of prevention. On general principles, we would
suggest the prompt use of actiye cathartics to remove any parasites
that may remain in the alimentary canal. Sulphur as the great
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Consultation Department
451
destroyer of parasitic life should be freely used, both externally and
internally. Otherwise the various symptoms may be treated Homoe-
opathically as they appear.
The Institute then adjourned for the noon hour.
Consultation Department.
I*LEASE CORRECT.
In article, attenuated attenuations. May 15, 1880 Investigator,
page 404, please correct Aconite 100,000, the 4x, making it read the 5x.
S. A. Newhall.
SOUR CROUT FOR SCURVY.
Dr. J. S. Short (page 405-6, May 15th Investigator) give your
scurvy patients,each and all —sour crout to eat, every meal; and insist
on it. Then give whatever indicated remedy you may think best.
But insist on the sour crout (cabbage) and then report in The
Investigator. J. F. Edgar.
should a physician?
(1.) Should a physician give the name of remedy prescribed by him
to every patient that requests it; and is it a wise plan to tell any of
them ? (2.) Is a physician a public library , so as to tell every patient,
or is he merely called upon to help the suffering? (3.) Is it advisable
to sell family medicine chests. I would like to have professional
opinion on these questions. J. G. Achenbach.
answer to “a”—strabismus.
While many cases of strabismus are aggravated by fatigue, local or
general, the deformity is frequently directly due to some anomaly of
refraction. The convergent form is most common in those who are
hypermetropic or oversighted. Hypermetropia is a congenital short¬
ening of the globe; and while one so affected may have excellent
eye sight, perfect vision is obtained only at the expense of undue exer¬
tion of the accommodation. The accommodation increases as the eyes
are converged. The hypermetrope, therefore, in order that he may
see the more clearly will force the eyes to converge even while look¬
ing at distant objects. This may at first occur occasionally only, but
in time the squint becomes fixed. The axes of the globes may be
restored to their proper relation again by operative measures, but the
refractive anomaly must be also corrected or the deformity will recur.
• F. Park Lewis.
treatment of eczema.
In The United States Medical Investigator of May 15,1880,
I nptice a request over the signature of “■ W ” for suggestions in rela¬
tion to the treatment of eczema. The following treatment is the
easiest and shortest that I have ever known. Sapona viride, or ger¬
man green soap, it is made by chemists; it is not any of the soaps of
♦commerce, nor any of the toilet soaps. It is a soft soap, very tena¬
cious, and slightly green. Dissolve about the bulk of a pea in half a
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Medical News .
[June 1,
teaspooiiful of water, wash the part well, rinse thoroughly with clean
water, and anoint well with Cosmoline . If the part can be bandaged,
apply one as tightly as will be comfortable. Apply twice a day. The
solution can be made to suit the comfort of the patient. Internally,
give whal you deem best. Occasionally the old dead cuticle should
be removed with a sponge or cloth, and water. For dandruff and an
itching scalp, used as above, it is superior to any of the nostrums of
the day. L.
Medical News.
I'he New York Ophthalmic HospilaL— Report for month ending
April 30, 1880. Number of prescriptions, 3576; number of new
patients, 451; number of patients resident in the hospital, 22; average
daily attendance, 138; largest daily attendance, 171.
Chas. Deady, Resident Surgeon.
A Pcedological Convention . At the earnest request of many promi¬
nent physicians, the Chicago Paedological Society decided at its last
meeting in March to call a convention for the discussion of diseases
of children, to be held in Chicago, June 14, the day prior to the meet¬
ing of the American Institute at Milwaukee. All physicians inter¬
ested in this very important department of medicine are very cor¬
dially-invited to be present and take part in the discussions. Pro¬
gramme: Reports from Children Institutions; Athrepsia; Foods
for Children; Gastro-enteritis (Cholera infantum), and Entero-colitis
(Summer complaint). The committee of arrangements will gladly
receive contributions in writing from physicians who cannot be pres¬
ent, giving observations and experiences on any of the subjects for
discussion. Many papers are promised from eminent physicians east
and Europe.
T. C. Duncan, Chairman, Mrs. E. C. Manning,
E. A. Ballard, S. P. Hedges,
Julia Caldwell.
Western Academy of Homoeopaty and the Minnesota State Homoe¬
opathic Institute, m joint session at Minneapolis, Minn., June 9,10,
and 11, 1880. Officers Western Academy of Homoeopathy: Presi¬
dent, G. S. Walker, M. D., St. Louis, Mo.; First Vice-President, C.
H. Vilas, M. D., Chicago, Ill.; Second Vice-President, J. T. Boyd,
M. D., St. Louis, Mo.; Third Vice-President, R. L. Hill, Dubuque,
Iowa; General Secretary, C. H. Goodman, M. D., St. Louis, Mo.;
Provisional Secretary, H. W. Roby, M. D., Topeka, Kas.; Treasurer,
G. W. Foote, M. D., Galesburgh, 111.; Board of Censors, A. E. Hig-
bee, M. D. Chairman, Minneapolis, Minn.; R. F. Baker, M. D.,
Davenport, Iowa; Jas. A. Campbell, M. D., St. Louis, Mo.; P. G.
Valentine, M. D., St. Louis, Mo.; T. P. Wilson, M. D., Ann Arbor,
Mich. Minnesota State Homoeopathic Institute: President, A. E.
Higbee M. D., Minneapolis, Minn.; First Vice-President, E. Wal-
thers, M. D., St. Paul, Minn.; Second Vice-President, C. W. Crary,
M. D., Lake City, Minn.; Secretary and Treasurer, G. H. Hawes,
M. D., Hastings, Minn.; Corresponding Secretary, H. C. Leonard,
M. D., Henderson, Minn. Order of Business: The joint sessions
will be held daily from 8:30 a. m. until 12 m., and from 2 until 5 p. m.,
subject to the action of the two societies. All details will be made
known at the first joint session.
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1880.J
Medical News,
453
First Day — Morning Session.— The Academy will be called to
order at 8:30 a. m. by the president. An auditing committee and
committee on credentials will be appointed by the president. The
Academy will then adjourn to meet in joint convention with the
Minnesota State Institute. The joint convention will be called to
order by the president of the Academy.. A. E. Higbee, M D., Presi¬
dent of the Minnesota State Institute, will then deliver the address
of welcome. Response by G. S. Walker, M. D.. President of the
Academy. Reports and papers of the bureaux will be presented in
the following order unless otherwise arranged by the convention.
Discussion will follow the reading of the papers, each speaker being
limited to five minutes. Bureaux of sanitary science, climatology,
and hygiene, Western Academy, B. Bell Andrews, M. D., Chairman,
Astoria, Ill.; M. Ayres. M. D., Rushville, Ill.; A. E. Higbee, M. D.,
Minneapolis, Minn.: T. P. Wilson, M. D., Ann Arbor, Mich.; G. W.
Foote, M. D., Galesburgh, III.; W. Bailey, M. D., New Orleans, La.
Minnesota Institute, J. W. Routh, M. D , Chairman, St. Paul; C. W.
Putnam, Minneapolis; W. D. Leonard, M. D., Minneapolis, Minn.
Bureaux of obstetrics, Western Academy, J. W. Ilartshorne. M. D.,
Chairman, Cincinnati, Ohio; Minnesota Institute, C. W. Crary, M.
D., Chairman, Lake City; C. N. Dorion, M. D., St. Paul; Miss M.
Mason, M. D., St. Paul.
Ajtei'noon Session — Reports and papers of the following bureaux
will be presented : Bureaux of pyscnological medicine, anatomy,
and physiology. Western Academy, H. B. Fellows, M. D.. Chairman,
Chicago, Ill.; N. A. Pennoyer, M.D., Kenosha, Wis.; J. M. Kershaw,
M. D., St. Louis, Mo.; N. B. Delamater, M. D., Chicago, ill. Minne¬
sota Institute, C. D. Williams, M. D., Chairman, St. Paul; Miss A.
L. Hutchinspn, M. D., Minneapolis, Minn. Bureaux of materia
medica. Western Academy, A. Uhlemeyer. M. D., Chairman, St.
Louis, Mo.; T. Bacmeister, M. D., Toulon, III.; A. W. Woodward,
M. D. Chicago, Ill.; A. C. Cowperthwaite, M. D., Iowa City, Iowa;
D. Hubbard, M. D., Atchison, Kas.; F. Duncan, M. D., Osage,
Iowa; W. Eggert, M. D., Indianapolis, Ind.; P. G. Worley, M. D.,
Dubuque, Iov\a; D. B. Morrow. M. D., Cincinnati, Ohio; Jno.
Lillie, M. D., Kansas City, Mo. Minnesota Institute, W. H. Leonard,
M. D., Chairman, Minneapolis; E. Walther,*M. D., St. Paul; H.
Hutchinson, M. D., St. Paul; S. P. Starrett, M. D., Minneapolis.
Second Day — Morning Session.— The Academy will be called to
order at 8:30 a. m., to hear report of the board of censors. The
reports and papers of the following bureaux will then be presented :
Bureaux of surgery. Western Academy, A. E. Higbee, . D., Chair¬
man, Minneapolis; E. M. McAffee, M. D., Clinton,Iowa; J.T. Boyd,
M. D., St. Louis; G. A. Hall, M. D., Chicago; S. R. Beckwith,
M. D. Cincinnati; E. C. Franklin, M. D., Ann Arbor, Mich.; S. B.
Parsons, M. D., St. Louis; E. A. Murphy, M. D., New Orleans, La.;
J. N. Seidlitz, M. D., Keokuk, Iowa. Minnesota Institute, C. G. Hig-
oee, M. D., Chairman, St. Paul; J. A. Steele, M. D., Minneapolis;
D. M. Goodwin, M. D., Minneapolis. Bureaux of statistics, registra¬
tion, legislation, and education, Western Academy, R. L. Hill, M. D„
Chairman, Dubuque, Iowa; Wm. C. Dake, M. D., Nashville, Tenn.,
D. T. Abell, M. D., Sedalia, Mo.; T. C. Duncan, M. D., Chicago, Ill.;
L. Sherman, M. D., Milwaukee, Wis.: Petrus Nelson, M. D., Minne¬
apolis ; J. T. Boyd, M. D., St. Louis, Mo.; J. P. Willard, M. D., Jack¬
sonville, Ill.; R. F. Baker, M. D., Davenport, Iowa. Minnesota Insti¬
tute, W. H. Caine, M. D., Chairman, Stillwater, Minn.; D. Silliman,
M. . £>., Hudson, Wis.
Afternoon Session.— The session will open with reports and papers
of the following bureaux : Bureau of gynaecology. Western Acad¬
emy, E. A. Guilbert, M. D., Chairman, Dubuque, Iowa; T. G. Com¬
stock, M. D., St. Louis; Mrs. Samuel Harris, M. D. Galesburgh
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Medical A ews.
TJune 1,
Ill.; Mrs. Julia H. Smith, M. D.. Chicago, Ill.; G. S. Walker, M. D.,
St. Louis, Mo.: G. F. Roberts, M. D., Waterloo, Iowa. Minnesota;
Institute, G. H. Hawes, M. D., Chairman, Hastings: Miss A. L.
Swain, M. D., Minneapolis; E. M. Bangs, M. D., Red Wing.
Bureau of paedology,with reports and papers. Western Academy,
W. A. Edmonds, M. D., Chairman, Sc. Louis, Mo.; J. R. Haynes,
M. D., Indianapolis, Ind.; J. M. Kershaw, M. D , St. Louis, Mo.; A.
S. Everett, M. D., Denver, Col.; T. C. Duncan, M. D., Chicago, Ill.;
J. T. Boyd, M. D., St. Louis. Mo. Minnesota Institute. A. A. Camp,
M. D., Chairman, Minneapolis ; Miss A. Williams, M. D., St. Charles
E. H. Grannis, M. D., Menomona, Wis; W. D. Lawrence, M. D.,
Minneapolis. Bureaux of ophthalmaiogy and otology. Western Acad¬
emy, J. A. Campbell, M. D., Chairman, St. Louis, Mo.; C. H. Vilas,
M. D., Chicago, Ill.; T. P. Wilson, M. D„ Ann Arbor, Mich.; Petrus
Nelson, M. D., Minneapolis, Minn. Minnesota Institute, P. Nelson,
M. D., Chairman, Minneapolis; H. C. Leonard, M. D., Henderson;
bureau of pharmacy, Western Academy, Lewis Sherman, M. D.,
Chairman, Milwaukee, Wis.; T. C. Duncan, M. D., Chicago, Ill,; C.
H. Goodman, M. D.. St. Louis.
Third Day— . Morning Session .—Final report of board of censors.
Papers and reports of following bureaux : Bureaux ot clinical medi¬
cine, Western Academy, R. F. Baker, M. D., Chairman, Davenport,
Iowa; J. Harts, Miller, M. D., Abingdon, Ill.; C. W. Enos, M. D.,
Jerseyville, Ill.; W. C. Dake D. D., Nashville, Tenn.; E. McAffee,
M. D., Clinton, Iowa; G. W. Higbee, M. D., Sullivan, Ill.; J. T.
Boyd, M. D., St. Louis, Mo.; J. C. Cummings, M. D., St. Louis. Mo.;
G. H. Patchen, M. D., Burlington, Iowa; J. II. Moseley, M. D.,
Olathe, Kas.; L. D. Morse, M. D., Memphis, Tenn.; W. II. Blakely,
M. D., Bowling Green, Ky.; J. D. Buck, M. D., Cincinnati, Ohio.
Minnesota Institute, G. M. Humphrey, M. D., Chairman, Minneap¬
olis; Z. B. Nichols, M. D., Faribault; T. C. Schell, M. D., St. Paul;
D. H. Roberts, M. D., Owatonna. Bureau of fevers, Minnesota
Institute, A. D. Dornberg. M. D., Chairman,Mankato; J. N. Wheat,
M. D., Austin ; C. II. Glidden, M. D., Pine Island ; S. D. Spaulding,
M. D., Minneapolis; bureau of provings. Western Academy, D. T.
Abell. M. D., Chairman, Sedalia, Mo.; E. R. Jackson, M. D., Dubuque,
Iowa; C. J. Berger, M. D.. Booneville, Mo.; T. Bacmeister, M. D.,
Toulon, I1L; L. Hubbard, M. D., Atchison, Kas.; L. D. Morse, M.D.,
Memphis, Tenn.; Mrs. D. B. Pearman, M. D., St. Louis, Mo.; R. A.
McFarland, M. D., Orlando, Fla.; W. C. F. Hempstead, M. D., Oak¬
land, Cal.; W. H. Leonard. M. D., Minneapolis.
Aftenxoon Session —When the convention adjourns, the Academy
will then proceed with the reports of committees not previously
reported, unfinished business, new business, selection of time and
place of next meeting, election of officers for the ensuing year,
adjournment.
The sixth annual regular session of the Academy will be held at
Minneapolis, Minnesota, June 9,10, and 11,1880, in connection with
the Minnesota State Homoeopathic Institute. The sessions of the
convention will be held in Curtis Hall, which is admirably adapted to
the purpose, only a few r doors from the Nicollet House.
The headquarters of the Academy will be at the Nicollet House.
This hotel has reduced the regular rates to $2.00 per day to delegates,
members and families, and visitors to the convention. The St. James,
a good hotel, of small size, offers accommodations at $1.50 per day.
The fare on all railroads leading from St. Louis to Minneapolis,
from Chicago, via Milwaukee & St. Paul railroad, and on other roads
in other states, will be at excursion rates, equivalent to one full fare
going and one-fifth return.
Drs. A. E. Higbee and D. M. Goodwin, of Minneapolis, constitute
the committee of arrangements. They will answer all letters of
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1880.]
Medical News.
455
inquiry as to hotel accommodations, etc. They announce for the
special entertainment of members And delegates, an excursion on the
beautiful I/ake Minnetonka, to the Falls of Minnehaha and Fort
Spelling. The natural beauties of these regions are unsurpassed,
and seen under the auspices of cordial hosts and congenial company
will render this visit noteworthy in the history of the Academy.
Applications for membership should be Idled out and signed by two
persons already members, accompanied by the entrance fee ($3.00).
When elected the member is entitled to a certificate of membership.
Annual dues $3.00. A. E. IIigbee,M. I).. Chairman Hoard of Censors,
will receive all applications and furnish blanks for the purpose, per¬
sonally or by letter.
Capers on any medical subject from physicians, whether members
or not, will be welcome. They can be forwarded to the general sec-
retarv, who will place them with the chairman of the proper bureau.
There is every reason to believe this will be an unusually large and
enthusiastic meeting. Papers have already been announced from
some of the leading physicians of the west, and many more to come.
Make a special effort to be present.
On behalf of the committee,
C. II. Goodman, M. I)., Gen’l Sec’y.
The American Institute of Homoeopathy — For the benefit of our many
readers in the west who are not members we give the programme of
the thirty-seventh anniversary and thirty-third session of the Ameri¬
can Institute of Ilonueopathy which will beheld in Milwaukee, Wis.,
commencing Tuesday, June 15,1880, at 10 o’clock, a. m., and continu¬
ing four days. Headquarters, Newhall House.
The oflicersare: President, T. P. Wilson, M. D., Ann Arbor, Mich.;
Vice-President, George A. Hall, M. 1)., Chicago, III.; Treasurer, E.
M. Kellogg, M. I)., New York City, N. Y.; General Secretary. J. C.
Burgher, M. 1)., Pittsburgh, Pa.; Provisional Secretary, J. II.
McClelland, M. ]>., Pittsburgh, Pa.; Chairman of Hoard of Censors.
F. It. McManus, M. I)., Baltimore, Mil. Official Stenographer,Cyrus
It. Morgan, Philadelphia, Pa.
The sessions will beheld daily, from 0:30o’clock, a. m., until 1:30
o’clock, p. M., and from 8 o’clock until 10 o’clock, r. m., except as
otherwise stilted, subject to the action of the Institute.
On the lirst day anil morning session the Institute will be called to
order at 10 o’clock, A. M., by tne president, T. P. Wilson, M. 1)., who
will deliver the opening address. The president will then appoint an
auditing committee. The report of the committee of publieation,(the
officers of 1870), the treasurer, E. M. Kellogg, M. 1)., ot New York,
and a partial report of the board of censors, F. K. McManus, M. D.,
Baltimore, Md., chairman, will be submitted. These will be followed
by the report of the necrologist, II. D. Paine, M. I)., of New York.
The bureau of anatomy and physiology will then present its report
and papers. II. B. Van Norman, M. I)., Cleveland, Ohio, chairman.
Lewis Barnes, M. D., Delaware, O. Henry E. Spalding. M. D.,
iiingham. Mass. VVm. von Gottschalk. M. I)., Providence, R. I. J.
Albro Eaton, M. D., Brooklyn, N. Y. Caroline E Hastings, M. D.,
Boston, Mass. Pemberton Dudley, M. D., Philadelphia, Pa. J. C.
Anderson, M. D., Manslield, O.
The bureau of psychological medicine will then follow with its
report and papers. S. H. Tallcott, M. D., Middletown, N. Y., chair¬
man. C. G. R aue, M. D., Philadelphia., Pa. J. M. Kershaw, M. D.,
St. Louis, Mo. S. Lilienthal, M. D.. New York. A. C. Coperth-
waite, M. I)., Iowa City, Iowa. George F. Foote, M. D., Stamford,
Ct. John Butler, M. D., New York. J. D. Buck, M. D., Cincinnati,
O. Samuel Worcester, M. D., Burlington, Vt. W. M. Butler, M.
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Medical A/ews.
[June 1,
D., Middletown, N. Y. A. P. Williams, M. D., Ward’s Island.
New York City. The closing of this bureau will be followed by the
reports of delegates from state and county medical societies and
clubs.
The bureau of general sanitary science, climatology and hygiene
will present its report and papers at the evening session. Special
subject for discussion, “ quarantine.*’ Bushrod W. James, M. D.,
Philadelphia, Pa., chairman. “ International quarantine,” Geo. M.
Ockford, M. D., Burlington, Yt. “National quarantine, including
that of sea coastW. H. Leonard, M. I)., Minneapolis, Minn.
“ State and local quarantine I). II. Beckwith, M. D., Cleveland, O.
“ Quarantine for refugees exposed to epidemic of any kind, by river,
railroad or wagon-wayM. S. Briry, M. II., Bath, Maine. “Disin¬
fection of people, cargo and baggage in quarantine,” E. U. Jones,
M. D., Taunton, Mass. “ Summary of quarantine laws, rules and
regulations of different commercial nations,” R. E. Caruthers, M.
D.. Allegheny City, Pa. “ The cordon sanitaire,” L. A. Falligant,
M. D., Savannah, Ga. “Sanitation and location of quarantine sta¬
tions,” G. W. Barnes, M. 1)., San Diego, Cal. “ Kinds of quaran¬
tine required for different contagions,” Lucius D. Morse, M. D.,
Memphis, Tenn. “ Quarantine of mailable, circulating, and easily
transportable materials,” George F. Foote, M. D., Stamford, Conn.
“ Hygiene in its relation to the use of food and drinks.” On the
closing of tliis bureau, the reports and papers of the committee on
the law of cure, will be presented,by Thomas Morse, M. D., Phila¬
delphia, chairman. And of the committee on clinical thermometry
of puerperal diseases, II. N. Guernsey, M. 1)., Philadelphia,
chairman.
On the second day, morning session, the first business in order will
be the reports of Homoeopathic medical colleges in the United States,
to be read by the general secretary. Supplemental report of the
board of censors.
The bureau of materia medica, pharmacy and provings will fol¬
low with its report and papers. Special subject to be reported on
and discussed, “ the limits of drug attenuation and of medicinal
power, in Homoeopathic posology.” J. P. Dake, M. D., chairman.
I. The proof of drug presence and power in attenuations above
the sixth decimal: 1. As furnished by the tests of chemistry.; W.
L. Breyfogle, M. D. 2. As furnished by the spectroscope and
microscope; C. Wesselhoeft, M. I)., J. Edwards Smith, M. I). 3.
As furnished by the tests of physiology; T. F. Allen, M. D., Lewis
Sherman, M. D. 4. As furnished by analogy from the field of
impalpable morbific agencies; J. P. I)ake, M. D. II. The proofs
of medicinal presence and efficacy in attenuations above the sixth
decimal: 1. As furnished by the tests of clinical experience, in the
use of attenuations, ranging from the sixth to the fifteenth decimal;
J. F. Cooper, M. D. 2. As furnished by clinical experience, in the
use of attenuations, ranging from the fifteenth to the thirtieth dec¬
imal ; A. C. Cowperthwaite, M. D. 3. As furnished by clinical
experience, in the use of attenuations, above the thirtieth decimal;
C. H. Lawton, M. D., H. M. Paine, M..D.
The closing of this bureau will be followed by the report of the
committee on medical literature. Henry M. Smith, M. D., New
York, chairman. To be followed by the report of a committee on
a Homoeopathic dispensatory ; J. J. Mitchell, M. D., Newburg. N. Y.
The bureau of clinical medicine will occupy the evening session,
with the presentation of its report and papers. C. Pearson, M. D.,
Washington, D. C. This bureau has selected for papers and discus¬
sion, “scarlatina.” N. F. Cooke, M. D., Chicago, Ill., its history,
etiology and varieties; S. Lilienthal, M. D., New York, the diag¬
nosis and course of its varieties, progress and pathology; T. F.
Pomeroy, M. D., Detroit, Mich., contagious nature of, liability to
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1880.1
Medical flexes.
457
and exemption from, as to age and previous attack; J. P. Mills
M. D., Chicago, Ill., Dissimilarity to diphtheria and other cuta¬
neous diseases, O. P. Baer, M. D., Richmond, Ind., Belladonna
and other prophylactics, and for what varieties; influence of sea¬
sons, climate, etc.; A. Lippe, M. D., Philadelphia, Pa., treatment of
its varieties and symptoms.
The bureau of microscopy and histology. C. P. Ailing, M. D.,
Bradford, Pa., Chairman.' J. Edwards Smith, M. D.. Cleveland, O.
A. R. Wright, M. D., Buffalo. N. Y. C. Wesselhoeft, M. D., Bos¬
ton, Mass. W. II. Winslow, M. D., Pittsburgh, Pa. J. P. Geppert,
M. D., Cincinnati, O. The closing of this bureau will be followed
by reports of delegates from medical colleges and journals.
The third day will open its morning session with a supplemental
report of the board of censors, and the report of the committee on
foreign correspondence. W. II. Winslow, M. D., Pittsburgh, Pa.,
chairman. J. B. Bell, M. D.. Augusta, Maine. C. Neidhard, M.
1)., Philadelphia, Pa. T. S. Verdi, M. D , Washington, D. C. J.
A. Campbell, M. I)., St. Louis, Mo.
The bureau of obstetrics will be succeeded with its report, and
papers from O. B. Cause. M. I)., Philadelphia, Pa., chairman. S.
P. Burdick, M. D., New York, N. Y. W. C. Richardson, M. D.,
St. Louis, Mo. «T. F. Cooper, M. D., Allegheny, Pa. C. Ormes, M.
1)., Jamestown, N. Y. Susan A. Edson, M. D., Washington.!). C.
W. N. Guernsey, M. D., New York, N. Y. C. T. Canlield, M. D.,
Titusville, Pa. George B. Peck, Jr., M. D., Providence. R. I.
Millie J. Chapman, M. D., Pittsburgh, Pa. C. P. Seip, M. D.,
Pittsburgh, P.
The Bureau of Gynaecology will then present papers from S. R.
Beckwith, M. D., Cincinnati, Ohio, chairman; R. Ludlam, M. D.,
Chicago, Ill.; C. Ormes, M. D., Jamestown, N. Y.; George A. Hall,
M. D., Chicago, Ill.; F. Krebs, M. D., Boston, Mass.; B. F. Betts, M.
I)., Philadelphia, Pa.; W. P. YVesselhoeft, M. D., Boston, Mass.; C.
P. Seip, M. D., Pittsburgh, Pa.; M. II. Baker, M. D., Highland Park,
Ill.; O. S. Runnels, M. I)., Indianai»olis, Ind.
At the afternoon session the Institute is requested to assemble
promptly at 3 o'clock, and to adjourn at 8 o'clock, for the annual ban¬
quet and hop to be given by the proprietors of the Newhall House, in
honor of the Institute.
The Bureau of Paedology (children’s diseases) offers this diet: W.
II. Jenney, M. D., Kansas City, Mo., chairman , “Acute Gastritis,”
Anatomical Characteristics, Causes and Diagnosis; W. Edmonds, M.
D., ‘‘Prevention and Treatment” of same; J. C. Sanders, M. D.,
“ Stomatitis,” Anatomical Characteristics, Causes and Diagnosis; A.
M. Cushing, M. D., “Prevention and Treatment” of same; R. J.
McClatchey, M. D., “G;istroinalacia,” Anatomical Characteristics,
Causes and Diagnosis; W. Danforth, M. D., “ Prevention and Treat¬
ment” of same ; T. C. Duncan, M. D., “ Thrush,” Anatomical Char¬
acteristics, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment; S. P. Hedges, M. D.,
“ Gangrene of the Mouth.” Anatomical Characteristics, Causes, Diag¬
nosis, Prevention and Treatment; C. Mohr, M. D, “Gastritis of
Children, Prevention and Treatment;” Mary A. B. Woods, M. D.,
“ Dietetic Rules to be Observed in the Treatment of Diseases of the
Digestive Organs. The closing of this bureau will be followed by
lienorts of Delegates from public hospitals, infirmaries and dispensaries.
The Bureau of Opkthalmolrtgy , Otolwjy and Laryngology opens the
fourth day. F. 11. Boynton, M. D, New York, chair man ; F. Park
Lewis, Buffalo, N. Y.; J. H. Buffum, M. D., Chicago, Ill.; J.
M. Schley, M. I)., New York ; F. II. Foster, M. D., Chicago, 111.; D.
J. McGuire, M. D., Cincinnati, O.
Bureau of Surgery: N. Schneider, M. D., Cleveland, O., chairman;
S. R. Beckwith, M. D., Cincinnati, O.; E. C. Franklin, M. D., Ann
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458
Medical News.
[June 1.
Arbor, Mich.; L. II. Willard. M. D., Allegheney City, Pa.; J. H.
McClelland, M. I)., Pittsburgh, Pa.; J. G. Gilchrist, AI. D., Detroit,
Mich.; I. T. Talbot, AI. D., Boston, Alass.; W. T. Ileluiuth, M. D.,
New York: J. C. Budlong, M. D., Centredale, R. I.; J C. Minor, AI.
D., New York; W. M. L. Fiske, AI. D., Brooklyn. N. Y.: D. W.
Hartshorne, M. D„ Cincinnati, O.; George A. Ilall, Ai. D., Chicago,
Ill.; C. II. Von Tagen, AI. D.. Chicago, Ill,; A. G. Beebe, M. D., Chi¬
cago, Ill.: John E. James, AI. D., Philadelphia, Pa.; Charles II.
Thomas, M. D., Philadelphia, Pa.
The Bureau of Organization, Registration and Statistics: I. T. Tal¬
bot, M. D., Boston, Mass., chairman; Henry M. Smith, AI. D., New
York.; M. T. Runnels, AI. I)., Indianapolis. Ind.; Bushrod W. James,
M. D., Philadelphia, Pa.; Lewis Sherman, AI. £)., Milwaukee, Wis.;
P. G. Valentine, M. I)., St. Louis. AIo.; \V. N. Griswold, M. 1)., San
Francisco, Cal.; T. Frank Smith, M. D., New York.
Committee on legislation : T. S. Verdi, M. D., Washington, I). C..
chaimian . And that of the intercollegiate committee: J. I). Buck,
M. D., Cincinnati, O., chairman. Then will follow in order: Unfinished
business, new business, including selection of time and place for next
meeting, the election of officers and adjournment.
Physicians and members of their families attending the Institute,
can procure round trip tickets from Boston to Chicago, at excursion
rates , by way of the Pennsylvania Central and Pittsburgh. Fort
Wayne and Chicago Railroads, on application to Air. C. S. Ilalder-
man, passenger agent, 203 and 205 Washington Street, Boston; from
New York City, on application to Mr. Samuel Carpenter, 526 Broad¬
way; from Philadelphia, on application to Mr. J. N. Abbey. 1348
Chestnut Street; Baltimore, from Mr. Ed. S. Young; and from Pitts¬
burgh. from either the Provisional or General secretary. From Cin¬
cinnati to Alilwaukee, and retnrn, via Cincinnati and Chicago Air
Line, tickets on sale at C. H. & D. Offices, Cincinnati, for $15.00,
From Chicago, via Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway, regu¬
lar fare will be paid going, and one-fifth fare returning, on presenta¬
tion of certificate of Dr. C. C. Olmstead, Milwaukee, which he will
furnish to all p issing over this road, on their way to the meeting.
Arrangements have been made with Alessrs. J. F. Antisdel A Son,
proprietors of the Newhall House, to entertain the members of the
institute and those who accompany them, at the reduced rate of $2.50.
per day. Dr. C. C. Olmsted, Alilwaukee, chairman of the Local Com¬
mittee of Arrangements, will give his personal attention to securing
desirable rooms in advance, on application.
The physicians of the west appreciate the courtesy extended to them
by the Institute, in accepting their invitation to hold its next meet¬
ing in the beautiful city of Milwaukee. xYside from the social and
ethical elements of these annual gatherings, the fraternal greetingsof
old and the forming of new acquaintances and friendships; there are
many other inducements to the busy and care worn practitioner to
avail himself of these favorable and profitable occasions for relaxa¬
tion. The indications from the east, west, north and south, give
promise of an unusually large attendance. Delegates will be chosen
to represent the International Homoeopathic Convention, to be held
in London in 1881, and many topics of general interest to the entire
profession will come up in review; while the programme affords itself
abundant evidence that the papers and discussions will be able and
practical, and amply repay any progressive physician for the time
and money expended. Meet with us this time, and you will never
have cause to regret it. It will enable you to return to your home
with renewed vigor of mind and body, to put into practice your
accumulated knowledge, which will be to your patients a priceless
boon, and to yourself a lifetime joy. J. C. Buhuer,
General Sec’y*
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THE
UNITED STATES
Medical Investigator,
A SEMI-MONTHLY JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE.
, New Series. Vol. XI., No. 12.—JUNE 15,1880.— Whole No. 264.
Therapeutical Department.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS.
REPORTS FROM THE FIELD OF PRACTICE.
McPherson, Kas., June 5.—Prevailing diseases: Measles, scarlet
rash and intermittents. The usual remedies employed are : Aconite
3x and Gels. tincture for the first; Bell. 3x and Gels, tincture for the
second. In several cases of ague in children there was considerable
severe pain in stomach and bowels during the paroxysm, and Cedron
lx cured promptly. When some of the stages are wanting, Ars. 6x.
When there are fever blisters, Natrum mur. 30x. A. F. Watjoh.
Fall Biyer, Mass, May 27.—We have had a slight breaking out of
small-pox here, all confined to the French Canadians, which comprise
a population of 60,000. about one-twelfth of the inhabitants of this
place. I have been quite busy vaccinating. The cases of variola
were all taken to the hospital, so I had no experience in the treatment
of small-pox. I think the disease will lay dormant till the cold
weather, when it will again break out. We have in this city a lady
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Weather Proving and Disease Tendency. [June 16,
Homoeopathic physician, the first and only one ever here, also five
gentlemen who represent the school. Six all told. T. A. Capex.
WEA1HER PROVINGS AND DISEASE TENDENCY.
BT BUSH ROD W. JAMES, A. M. M. D., PHILADELPHIA.
Meteorological summary for May, 1880, by T. F. Townsend, Signal
Service Corps, United States : Highest barometer, 30.362 (15th).
Lowest barometer, 29.764 (16th). Average barometer, 30.065. Monthly
range of barometer, .598. Highest temperature, 96° (26th). Lowest
temperature, 36° (1st). Average temperature, 68.8°. Monthly range
of temperature, 60°. Greatest daily range of temperature, 34° (20th).
Least daily range of temperature, 11° (23d). Mean of maximum
temperature, 79.4°. Mean of minimum temperature, 58.5°. Mean
daily range of temperature, 20.9°. Mean relative humidity, 59.0°.
Total rainfall, 54 inches. Prevailing direction of wind southwest.
Maximum velocity of wind, 34 miles north (15th). Total movement
of wind, 8,367 miles. Number of foggy days, none. Number of
clear days, 15. Number of fair days, 11. Number of cloudy days on
which rain or snow fell, 4. Number ot cloudy days on which no
rain or snow fell, 1. Total number of days on which rain or snow
COMPARATIVE TEMPERATURE.
1876 60.9
1877 60.7 Average )
1878 61.0 for > 63.0
1879 63.6 five years j
1880 68.8
COMPARATIVE PRECIPITATION.
1876 4.45
1877 1.10 Average )
1878 3.29 for f 2.12
1879 1.22 five years )
1880 .54
DI8EA8E TENDENCY.
May, in this locality, has been more like a summer than a spring
month, it being extremely dry and warm. The thermometer marked
97° three successive days, 25th, 26th, and 27th, and to 93° on the 28th.
No great amount of electrical disturbance occurred. We would
fell, 6.
May
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Weather Proving and Disease Tendency .
461
naturally expect to find a great amount of cholera infantum, but it
appears that its season of occurrence had not arrived. Diarrhoea did
not prevail to any extent except at the beginning of the month when
there was some enteralgia with some looseness of the bowels, but not
connected with great elevation of temperature of the atmosphere.
Derangements of the liver and stomach, together with rheumatism,
plumbago) renal and cardiac diseases with an increase of spinal and
nervous diseases were the early tendencies.
There was following this, a tendency to typhoid fever, spinal menin-
gitis, erysipelas, erythema, urticaria, hives, sore throat, and haemor¬
rhages, especially epistaxis. The same character of rheumatism of
last month’s record continued more or less, in the shape of lumbago.
About the middle of the month, cerebral and cardiac diseases were
more numerous and more aggravated than previously, and the
typhoid tendency was then the greatest; there was also for about a
week, a very decided tendency to diphtheria, and especially of a
croupal form. Renal diseases were likewise worse, and an unusual
number of albumenuria cases were detected, and lumbar and dorsal
pains in the back were almost universal concomitants among the sick,
while headache, languor and nervous debility were very prominent
symptoms, with a great disposition to depression of spirits and enter¬
algia. During the hot, dry spell of the latter portion of the month,
sunstroke, cerebral and spinal congestions, general prostration, fainty
and drowsy feelings, and headache, erythema and eruptions upon the
skin of the neck and trunk, as would naturally be expected, were
very prominent and the cases abundant.
REMARKS.
I do not remember a month of May, heretofore, in which so much
hsemorrhagic tendency occurred. Epistaxis was not the only phase it
assumed, for menorrhagias were especially abundant. Metrorrhagias
as a complication with other diseases; menses coming too soon or
being too profuse, while accidental abortions and miscarriages and
floodings and leucorrhoeas were also remarkably numerous. While
there was quite an immunity from prostrating diarrhoea, there was
an increase of cerebral and nervous disorders, convulsions, paralysis
and apoplectic attacks being quite current.
It is probable that the increase of lumbar aches and pains, and the
greater number of albuminuria cases were somewhat due to renal
congestions and the influence that the diphtheritic tendency has over
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462
Life and its Ultimatum .
f J UNB 16,
the secretions, especially of urine, and the frequent production of
albuminuria from the atmospheric poisoning, from the diphtheritci
condition, or whatever it may be that causes the development of this
tendency at certain times in greater abundance than at others; for
sometimes the community will be free from it for weeks and then it
will appear suddenly after some electrical or atmospheric change and
probably for a week or two, assume a very aggravated form.
LIFE AND ITS ULTIMATUM , OR WHY OUR FOOD
SHOULD RE ORGANIC.
BY J. F. SANBORN, M. D., D. D. S., TABOR, IOWA.
The living principle is of too subtle a character for us to define ; or
to say by what law of the universe it was first called into existence, or
to describe by what law of matter, or force, it was first originated. It
is also equally beyond our design, to attempt to explain how matter
was first formed from the highly attenuated nebulous material to-
which the origin of the earth has been ascribed, in common with the
other planetary bodies, that compose the solar system.
We are content to ascribe their origin to the “Great First Cause,”
try to study the laws that govern their action, and their relationship
to each other, and advance some speculations as to bow this relation¬
ship is supported and maintained. Man would achieve but little in
science if he did not dare to attempt to work out problems that some
of the wisest of men have hitherto regarded as unsolvable.
Speculation then has its use. Cold reason may sift out the fallacies,
and scientific experiment, if she can, may follow in the difficult path
that we expect to tread as we follow our subject in its obscure road.
Anything of which our senses can take cognizance, is matter ; from
the most unchanging of the earth’s structure, to the most etheriai of
the gases that may enter into its composition. Anything that occupies
space is matter.
Matter may be divided into organic and inorganic: the latter may
exist from age to age, without change of its molecular | relations
except such as are occasioned by chemical action; the former is subject
to vital action, and the changes that take place in the organization of
all organic matter.
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Life and its Ultimatum.
468
Prof. Dana says: “In the foundation structure of the globe, firmness
and durability are necessary prime qualities, while in the living
structure, instability and unceasing change, are the marked charac¬
teristics.”
The stability of any substance depends on the simplicity [of the
compound, and the satiation of the atoms that go to make up ite
molecules. Quartz, for instance, is composed of Si. O. 2. wherein the
elements become mutually satisfied and neither seeks further alliance.
This is among the most simple in composition of all the mineral
substances of the earth, and is one of the most stable of all the varioua
compounds that enter into its structure. By the addition of an alkali
the compound becomes more complicated, and vastly more susceptible
to change. Silex is infusible by any heat less than that produced by
the compound blow-pipe; but with the addition of lime, soda or potash
or any combination of them, it readily fuses and forms glass.
A rock composed of silex and an alkali is known as granite, a
hard resisting rock, but readily destroyed by heat; as was shown by
the destruction of large buildings of this material, by the great fires of
both Chicago and Boston.
Vegetable structure is very differently composed from minerals.
The combinations are less in balance, and they are less enduring v
while the most marked characteristic of animal life, is its unceasing
change.
The finest mechanical subdivison of matter, is the molecule; and
the ultimate chemical decomposition of the molecule is the atom. The
character, number and relationship of the atoms determine the char¬
acter of the molecules. Force is that which occasions or arrests
motion. Matter and force are mutually dependent. Force is not
matter, but our only knowledge of it, is in its influence on and relate
ionship to matter. Wood is matter, and its growth is at the expense
of force. When it is consumed it is reduced to its original elements,,
and force or heat becomes apparent. Scientists are agreed that neither
matter nor force are ever annihilated. They may both be changed in
form, or manifestation, but are never lost. Light, as force, may] be
changed to heat, by the arrest ofuts motion.
Electricity is one of the best illustrations of force. It is a mode of
motion, and if arrested in its course,|is {changed to heat, ;as [is shown
by the electric discharge from the clouds {in its [passage to] the earth.
If a tree is in its course, it may follow that to the ground, but with a
retarded velocity, which is changed to heat sufficient to decompose
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Life and its Ultimatum .
[June 16,
the sap of the tree and change it into gas, or steam, and an explosion
is the result, that rends the tree more or less; or if it be a lightning
rod of insufficient size to convey the charge to the earth, the rod will
be fused. Wrought iron fuses at 3.240° Fahr. To effect this fusion
the rod is raised over 3,200° in less than a second of time, which is a
manifesto tation of force of which we can form no conception.
Force may be manifested as light, heat, electriciiy, magnetism,
gravity or attraction.
Life is a modified manifestation of force, and is the primary cause
that evolves the independent bioplastic activity of any organism.
Vitality is a latent state of life force, wherein the life force as
motion, becomes dormant, or inactive, as in the germ of a seed. As
life, there is motion, not a cessation ot that motion but a transfer of it
by the plant to the seed as it ripens; in the seed, it becomes vitality,
nr latent life force.
The vitality of the seed may remain dormant for an indefinite length
of time, but whenever favorable circumstances are presented to the
seed, it resumes its active condition as motion, thus changing
vitality to life; and when once motion is resumed, it must continue
until the seed is matured, thus changing its life activity to the latent
state, as vitality. Any cessation of life motion, before the seed
becomes matured, is death to the plant. Life then is a modification of
force, a mode of motion appertaining to organic matter, and bearing
the relationship to it that force does to the inorganic. Life then is the
inherent, independent power that orginates and carries on motion, as
life force; while inorganic matter, is dependent on external causes for
the force to originate and continue its motion. They are both forces,
but with this difference; in the organic life force, the power to move
is within itself; while that of the inorganic, is without or external; the
■one is independent, the other dependent. In neither is that force
perpetual. Where there is animal life, there must be a continual
supply of latent force in the form of food, in which that force is
stored up; then when this food becomes assimilated, the latent force
therein becomes apparent force, or life motion in the animal.
The vegetable kingdom, is the connecting link between the forces
of nature, and those of animal life.
“From nature's chain whatever link you strike.
Tenth or ten thousandth, breaks thefohain alike."
The sun is the primary source of force to the earth. Light passes
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Life and its Ultimatum .
465
from the sun at a velocity of 186,000 miles per second, which is the
highest manifestation of motion of which we have any knowledge.
As light passes through space as motion, it does not impart heat to
planetary space; as the temperature of space is supposed to be as low
as =80° below Fahr.
As soon as the light strikes the earth, it is arrested thereby, or
reflected therefrom, according to the angle that the light strikes the
earth. If direct, it is arrested and becomes heat, but if at an angle
to be reflected, it passes off into space again.
Ericson, the inventor of the monitors, and one of the most learned
engineers of our time, has estimated that the force generated as heat,
by the arrest of the sun’s rays, is equal to a horse power for every ten
feet square of surface. This force may manifest itself as light, heat
or electricity; each are more or less interchangeable, and plants util¬
ize them all in ultimating to themselves life force.
It is not to be presumed that vegetation uses from day to day all
the natural force that is generated; but be this as it may, a season is
considered favorable or otherwise, according to the amount of the
natural forces developed by sun-light.
Plants are as dependent on the natural forces for their develop¬
ment, as they are on the earth for plant food. It takes a sufficiency
of both, for their full growth. A mistake is often made, in allowing
too many plants to grow in a given space or too many weeds with the
crop; thus mutually dividing among the many, what should be
appropriated by a much less number, and thereby a less valuable crop
is raised.
Field crops do not grow well in the shade of trees, because the trees
arrest the sun-light motion, and appropriate the force, to the detri¬
ment of the plants that are planted in their shade, and as a conse¬
quence, they have not the energy to appropriate plant food in
sufficient abundance to become fully developed.
The parts of a vegetable as the seed, stem, leaves and root, are
food, in proportion to the amount of life force therein stored up.
For this reason, grain is more nutritious than hay. Fruit, as apples;
or roots, as potatoes are only about one-third as nutritious as wheat,
beans, or peas. The same fact is shown in the amount of heat pro¬
duced in the consuming of the grain, as compared with that of the
straw.
It is a well know fact, that food for plants, consists of inorganic
matter from the earth, and decayed animal and vegetable substances;
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A Pathological Specimen .
[June 16,
which on becoming elaborated furnish material in part for plant
structure. The sun furnishes the amount of heat, the necessary
amount of energy to elaborate the food, and to supply the vital act¬
ion, that shall mature the plant, and which in its own proper time
will store up the life force in the seed as vitality, for the use of the
future plant, to start the life action the next year.
Force is always at the expense of matter. Matter is always at the
expense of force. What ever grows, does so at the expense of force.
Whenever matter is disintegrated, be it by quick combustion, or
the slow process of decay, force will be developed. Involution, and
evolution, balance each other.
If the seed of grain becomes rancid, so much of the lateht life force
has been evolved as force, that the seed for the want thereof,
will not germinate.
(To be Continued.)
A PATHOLOGICAL SPECIMEN.
Monday evening I was called to see Mrs. B., and found her advanced
about four months in pregnancy, and complaining of bearing down
pains in back and over the uterus. She also informed me that the paina
had been increasing in intensity and frequency for four days, and
there had been considerable haemorrhage at different times. Upon
examination I found the os uteri dilated and very much relaxed. I
advised perfect quiet in the horizontal position, prescribed for her,
and left. Pains subsided and haemorrhage stopped after my departure,
but on Thursday they returned with renewed vigor, and the foetus
was expelled before I could reach the house. Upon examination I
found that the placenta, foetus and membranes had been discharged
entire and intact, with the exception that the chorion was ruptured
on one side sufficiently to exhibit the foetus enveloped in the amnion.
It is a beautiful specimen and shows the foetus, about five inches long,
floating in the amniotic fluid, with the cord wound around the neck,
thence passing through the attachment of the amnion to the placenta.
The external surface of the placenta is seen covered by the chorion
and decidua. Am now curing the specimen and will preserve it
entire. F. F. Casseday.
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Therapeutic Hints .
467
PRACTICAL NOTES.
H. L. of N., married has been under three of the best doctors there,
for five years, and steadily lost, in every particular. He is about
thirty-two, sandy hair and beard, small in size, has had chronic dys¬
pepsia, and obstinate constipation ; had lost all sexual desire; had not
indulged in three years; cold and chilly feelings; everything he ate
distressed him; was emaciated; anaemic; hands always cold, and in
fact, as they say, all run down. He had “no confidence in any doctor.”
When I first saw him, he was dieting on pepsin mixed with starch,
and a solution of Strychnia , given by Prof. B., of Gale. It was very
diflicult to hold him, as he had no confidence in any one. I kept him
on Nux 30, then Opium 30. After a few weeks he said there was a
slight improvement, but at the same rate, it would take ten years to
have bowels more natural. Then I gave him Cas. sang., fluid extract,
dose five to ten drops, three times daily. He soon reported that •* it
was the only thing he ever saw that helped him.” Bowels regular, as
a clock, and he has gained nine pounds. Since I saw him can eat
anything, and is satisfied. No change as to his animal nature.
J. W. M.
THERAPEUTIC HINTS.
Petroleum.— Eruption, sacro-lumbar region, looking like flattened
vesicles, filled with fat.
Chronic diarrhoea. With feeling of weakness in hypogastrium.
W.'s Case of Eczema.—D rugs u worse by thinking thereon.” Ear.
Dros ., Uelle.. Oleand., Plumb., Ran. bulb., SabadSpig., Spong., Staph,
She has had Ran . b.; hence Staph, is prominent, also Okand. Change
of life suggests Lack.
Inveterate eczema, Cicuta and Pix. liq.
J. L. Short's case of scurvy.— Try Kreasote, Sulphuric add. See also
Hahn. Monthly , O. S., Vol.; “ Congestive Diseases in the Army.”
Dr. J. Fletcher’s case suggests Rhus tox.
Dr. Old’s case is probably needing spectacles and Silicea .
Dr. Jousset's case in March 15th number. Dr. J.’s reputation as a
prfscnber must suffer eclipse, if these are criteria. On page 228, is a
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Remedy for Tapeworm .
[June 15.
case of 41 suppurative pneumouia.” The drug given was Bryonia ,
probably because three days had elapsed, and exudation begun. The
symptoms call emphatically for Aconite, notwithstanding, viz., fever,
currant-jelly-like sputa, headache, thirst, red face, very painful
cough. If Allopathic treatment had preceded, Nux vom. would be
preferable. Later, t. e., on the sixth day, the indications were clear for
Rhus tax., viz.; restless night (after Bi'yonia) delirium, trying to leave
his bed; skin bummg hot, with little moisture; expectoration black¬
ish; respiration frequent. The contintfance of Bryonia had been
only disastrous to date, yet was persisted in, with Ars. in alternation;
they could only do harm, and the patient died. (Two questions arise:
1. Who has not made the same mistake of giving Ars. when Rhus was
required. 2. What of the prospects for comparative mortality statis¬
tics V)
Parotid Inflammation.— This case got worse and worse on Bell.
tincture, for nearly a week. Died after one day on Apis 3. Cannot
your Chicago tyros beat that V
Articular Rheumatism. —Seems to have been a good cure; the
catarrhal nephritis case, also, perhaps. But the Typhoid fever case,
death and poor practice. M.
REMEDY FOR TAPEWORM.
I have been interested in the articles upon this subject in recent
numbers of The Investigator, and have decided to give my
remedy. I fail to see how potentized remedies are going to kill and
expel the worm, and I therefore take energetic means to rid the
patient of the offending material. I agree with the brother, who
gives Pomegranate , that it is an efficient means in some cases, but will
not do for all cases. The bitter taste of the Pomegranate and the
large quantity necessary to be taken, are strong objections against its
use. Very often sensitive stomachs will utterly refuse to retain it
and recourse must be had to some other remedy. The etherial extract
of Felix mas. was first used by Lutze, the tapeworm specialist, of
Beaunschwig, Germany, and discovered by analysis by two German
physicians. Lutze gives it as follows : Prepare two vials, No. 1 and
No. 2 ; No. 1 contains extract Filix mas 3iii, and vial No. 2 con-
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Society Proceedings,
469*
tains Oleum ricini 3ivss. The patient is directed to take a very light
supper the evening before taking the remedy. Before breakfast in
the morning, No. 1 should be taken, followed in two minutes by No. 2.
A cup of coffee may be taken Immediately after the medicine, to
remove the the taste if desirable. Here is a compact, efficient remedy
for an exceedingly obstinate disease, and it succeeds where Kousso
Kamela and Pomegranate fail. Remember in giving it, to prescribe
the etherial extract, not the fluid extract, solid extract or the tincture.
Any druggist who understands his business can make you an etherial
extract. Now brethren give this a fair trial before you condemn it,,
and report your cases through this journal. F. F. Casseday.
Society Proceedings.
NORTH WESTERN ACAD'EMY OF MEDICINE,
Council Bluffs, Iowa, May 5,1880. 11 a. m.
Pursuant to adjournment the North Western Academy of Medi¬
cine met in the parlors of the Ogden House, with president T. II.
Bragg in the chair. The minutes of the last meeting read and
approved as ammended.
The committee on incorporation reported.
Thursday morning was fixed for the consideration of this report.
The Board of Censors reported favorably on the application of Hrs.
A. E. Rockey, Iowa City, B. Pitman, Vilisca, Iowa; H.L. Poulson and
P. J. Montgomery, Council Bluffs, Iowa; J. S. Beattie, Salt Lake City,
Utah; B. G. Sneedaker, J. M. Holland, and Edward Lindsley, Salt
Lake City, Utah ; W. S. Norcrass Logan City, Utah; John Almanson,
Omaha, Neb., to become members, they were accordingly elected. Hr.
R. R. HanJy, of Sidney, Iowa, was invited to a seat in the academy.
Hr. Stillman moved that Hr. J. F. Sanborn, of Tabor, Iowa, be recom¬
mended to the Board of Censors as a;gentleman eminently fited by his
culture and attainments in science to a place on the roll of honorary
membership, the motion having received a second, was carried. The
board of censors reported favorably on the name of Hr. Sanborn who
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470 Society Proceedings. [Junk 15,
was thereupon elected to honorary membership. Adjourned till 2:30
p. M.
AFTERNOON SESSION.
Dr. C. L. Hart, President, in the chair. Dr. Bragg introduced
a clinic. Boy eight years old. One year ago was taken with
nasal catarrh. Discharge was at first excoriating, stringy, then yel¬
lowish, now of greenish plugs. The conjunctiva soon became
inflamed. There was a flow of hot tears, with photophobia.
Dr. Cowperthwaite thought the case should go to a specialist.
Dr. Hart said in similar cases the totality of the symptoms would
point to a constitutional dyscrasia.
Dr. Patton found a congestion of the conjunctiva, no granulations.
He would use a weak solution of Cup. sol . topically and Merc. viv.
internally.
Dr. Cowperthwaite would use Merc. corr. 30c preceded by a dose of
Sulphur cc,
Dr. Hart suggested Merc corr ., Conium and Kali bichrom. for study.
Dr. Stillman would, if after using the indicated remedy, an aggra¬
vation occurred, interpose a dose of Sulphur cc.; then proceed with
the indicated remedy in a higher potency.
Prof. Cowperthwaite, chairman of the Bureau of Materia Medica,
read a paper on the action of a few of our fever remedies, viz., Aeon.,
Baptisia , Bell., Qelsemium and Verat. vir. Aeon, is seldom indicated
in typhoid and malarious fevers. The converse is true of Qelsem .
Bell, is often indicated when Aeon, and Qelsem. are given. Baptisia
is useful in adynamic fevers. The face is dark red, hot, besotted
expression, dullness and confusion of mind exists; Verat. virid. has
not a great range of action. Useful in inflammatoy fevers.
From the bureau of surgery, Dr. P. W. Poulson reported a case of
psoas obscess that he succeeded in curing : remedies, Merc., Phos M
Aconite , Arsen, alb., Assafoet ., Lycopod.
Dr. Bragg read a paper on Surgery, its importance in therapeutics.
In the discussion that followed this paper, Dr. Paine remarked that
a fair proportion of Homoeopaths are surgeons.
Dr. Montgomery expressed like views.
Dr. Wood said that prosecutions for malpractice were very com¬
mon in Omaha—he had been sued twice within a year, still he did
surgery.
Dr. Stillman said it has been a current saying in the mouths of the
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Society Proceedings .
471
Allopathists that we do not fit ourselves for surgery ; that our study
is confined to therapeutics.
It is quite time that we come out of this state of martyrdom and
into a proper view of relations to our patrons.
Dr. J. F. Sanborn, from the bureau of physiology? read a learned
paper on “Life and its Ultimatum, or why our food should be
organic.
At 5 p. m. the Academy adjourned till 8:30 p. m., when Prof. Cow-
perthwaite delivered a popular address. After the lecture Mrs. Still¬
man invited the members and their ladies to a reception at her home.
After refreshments, President Hart delivered his address.
May 6th. 8:30 a. m.— The Board of Censors having reported favor¬
ably upon the applications of Drs. Corley, of Lincoln, Nebraska, and
L. W. Todd, of Neola, Iowa, for membership, they were thereupon
unanimously elected.
Dr. D. M. Pinkerton read a paper on Irregular Menstruation. Dr.
Paine read a paper on Leucorrhoea, by Dr. W. B. Larklee, of Pal¬
myra, Neb.
Dr. Stillman read a paper on the Place of Anaesthesia in Obstetrics.
Dr. H. L. Poulson read a paper on Diphtheria.
A paper was presented by Dr. J. Beattie, on the cause and preven¬
tion of diphtheria.
Dr. C. L. Hart read a paper on Sympathetic Ophthalmia. These
papers were briefly discussed, on account of lack of time.
It was ordered that the secretary read the papers of absent members
by name.
Dr. A. M. Cross on Diseases of the Skin.
Dr. C. Starr on Medical Education.
Dr. W. H. Parsons reported cases of diphtheria charabterized by
an ichorus discharge from the nose cured by Ammonium carb.
The following is the list of officers for the ensuing year:
Prk8id ent. —W. H. Parsons, M. D., Glenwood, Iowa.
Vice-President.— Bart L. Paine, M., D., Lincoln, Nebraska.
Secretary and Treasurer —W. D. Stillman, M. D., Council
Bluffs, Iowa.
Board of Censors.— Drs. P. J. Montgomery, Bart. L. Paine, P.
W. Poulson, O. S. Wood and T. H. Bragg.
Omaha, Nebraska, was selected for the place of meeting on the first
Wednesday and Thursday of May 1881.
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[June 15,
INDIANA INSTITUTE OF HOMCEOPATHY.
(Continued from page 451.)
AFTERNOON 8E8SION.
At 2 o’clock p. m. Dr. O. S, Runnels, chairman, reported for the
bureau of gynaecology, reading a paper on “ Laceration of the Cervix
Uteri,” explained by drawings and a showing of instruments used in
treating and avoiding such lacerations. Dr. M. M. Eaton, of Cincin¬
nati, Ohio, read a scholarly and well considered paper on “Ovaritis.”
Both papers were referred to the committee on publications, as were
papers from Dr. Geo. M. Ockford, Burlington, Vermont (contributed)
on the subject of “Pelvic Cellulitis,” and on “Hysteria,” by Dr. W.
H. Brazie, Bristol, the two last without reading. Dr. Joseph Howell*
of Richmond, then read a paper, and the afternoon sesssion closed.
EVENING SESSION.
At the evening session, W. R. Elder, M. D., of Terre Haute, read a
paper on “Renal Cancer, with pathological specimen,” and James A.
Campbell, St, Louis, Missouri, lectured on “Kindergarten vs. Eyes,”
which latter subject gave rise to considerable discussion, in which
Professor Tarbell, superintendent of the public schools. Professor W.
A. Bell, of the Indiana 8chool Journal, and Miss Alice Chapin, princi¬
pal of the Kindergarten school, who had been invited to be present,
participated.
KINDERGARTEN V8. EYES.
He said that myopia or near-sightedness seems to be one of the
penalties of civilization and high culture. In those nations or com¬
munities most advanfced in culture, which has been attained by close
study, do we find it most prevalent. In Germany, among the better
classes,Jit is the rule rather than the exception. In our eastern states
it is very observable, and is becoming more and more prevalent, dim¬
inishing in extent as we go west, until, in the border regions of the
western frontier, it is almost unknown. Thus do we see it stealing
upon us like a cloud.
Near-sightedness is rarely developed after the fifteenth year. From
the construction of the eyeball it will be seen that the posterior portion
is the weakest part, because it is unsupported there by anything but
the sclerotic coat, while at other situations it is strengthened by th&
muscles and their tendonous expansions. In childhood this extemaL
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Society Proceedings .
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sheath (which in adult life becomes firm and dense), whose office is
to give support and shape to the ball, is thin and yielding, like all the
other infantile tissues; hence any cause which may tend to produce
any change of shape in the ball, would be most active in childhood,
from this inherent want of resistance on the part of the sclerotic, and
it would necessarily manifest itself at the weakest point, or, as has
been above stated, at the posterior pole. Now let us take a glance
at the Kindergarten pupil at work. His little games and plays are
healthful in a high degree; they exercise the body, strengthen the
memory, cultivate the voice and brighten the comprehension. But
when this is over watch the little one. There he sits on a small bench
at a low table. Before him lies his work. See his attitude. With a
Needle in his band, his head bent over, he is carefully pricking little
holes along a tracing on paper This requires the utmost attention
and exactness, and taxes his little eyes to the utmost. Here he
braids little bright-colored bands of paper, There he sews with
colored silks along other fine tracings, until a beautiful flower stands
out. It is tiresome, but he is making something pretty for mama, and
he is a little hero. Yet what is the condition of his eyes during this
work, and what may be the result.
When we look intently at a near object both eyes are converged
upon the one point under observation. This convergence is brought
about by the action of the internal recti muscles. This, like all other
muscular action, tends to produce congestion. When we look upon a
near object the ciliary muscle is put upon a strain, which has also a
congestive effect. Again, when we look at near objects upon a table
or desk before us, the head is bent over and generally the body is
doubled up, preventing a freedom of action in the circulatory system;
and here are two other causes of congestion of blood to the head.
When the mind is active the brain has a larger blood supply, and thus
the eye is all the more apt to be in a congested state. And all of this
we find in our little Kindergarten worker.
The doctor gave sufficient figures to show that myopia was largely
on the increase in this country.
In one large'school in which the eyes of every scholar were carefully
examined with the ophthalmoscope, out of 1,000 scholars the eyes of
703 were found to vary otherwise than in refraction from the normal
standard. The session then closed.
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Society Proceedings .
[June 15,
SECOND DAY.
The Institute met at 9 o’clock, at Plymouth Church, with a larger
attendance than on the previous day. Papers were read and referred
to the committee on publication as follows: C. A. Fahnestock, M. D.,
“Surgical Diseases of Frequent Occurrence,” H.P. DeVol,M. D.,“Is
Medical Legislation Necessary to Regulate the Practice of Medicine
in Indiana?” Mrs. E. W. Dunlap, M. D., “The Rights of Women to
Practice Medicine.”
OFFICERS ELECTED.
The election of officers for the year then took place, resulting as
follows: President, O. S. Runnels, M.D., Indianapolis; Vice-Presidents,
W. Thomas M. D., Elkhart; S. C. Whitney, M. D. Laporte Secretary;
B. F. French, M. D., Treasurer; J. R. Ha>nes, M.D., Indianapolis; W.
L. Breyfogle, M. D., New Albany, Chairman of the board of censors.
The application of Dr. Potter, of Wisconsin, for membership was laid
on the table after a long discussion, in which it was shown that the
doctor had purchased his diploma of a western Homoeopathic college.
MEDICAL LEGISLATION.
The paper presented by Dr. DeVol on “Medical Legislation”
opened up a long discussion in which a number of members voiced
their fears that the Old School practitioners in the proposed medical
legislation would work an injury to Homoeopathy. That their hostility
but imperfectly concealed, was of such a character that they could
not be depended upon for fair play. Other speakers were of the
opinion that the Allopathic doctors meant fairly, and that it was to the
interest of all schools to unite in demanding the much needed medical
legislation. The following resolution was then adopted and the
morning session closed:
Resolved . That it is the sense of the Indiana Institute of Homoe¬
opathy that our state needs and demands such medical legislation as
will conduce to the more perfect protection of the life and health of
her citizens, and to this end committees on legislation be appointed in
each congressional district in the state, whose duties shall be the
promotion of speedy legislative action that shall be fair to all schools
and to all the citizens of our state.
AFTERNOON SESSION.
The following were announced as the committees on legislation
from the several congressional districts, in accordance with the
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Society Proceedings .
475
resolution passed at the morning session: First district, Metcalf. L.
S. Herr, F. S. Davis; second district, Drs. W. T. Branstrup, G. W.
Higbee; third district, W. L. Breyfogle, R. S. Brigham, A.
McNeil; fourth district, O. C. Evans, J. Derx, W. H. Becker; fifth
district, O. P, Baer, N. F. Canaday, A. Southworth; seventh district
M. T. Runnels, H. C. Morrow, J. A. Compton; eighth district, W. R.
Elder, J. N. Taylor W. Moor; ninth district, W. P. Armstrong, Z #
Hackett, H. P. DeVol; tenth district, O. C. Link, J. N.
Caldwell, J. C. M. Chaffe; eleventh district, T. C. Hunter, E. P.
Jones, E. W. Sayer; twelfth district, G. W. Bowen, C. M. Pickett,
A. C. Williamson; thirteenth district, J. M. Partridge, S. C. Whiting
W. H. Thomas.
The president appointed as a central committee to present the
matter to the legislature O. S. Runnels, C. T. Corliss, B. F. French
and J. R. Haynes.
On motion of Dr. Him ter, of Wabash, the central committee were
instructed to draw up a bill to secure the Homoeopaths equal rights
with the Allopaths and present it to the different district committees.
[PAPERS READ.
Dr. J.F. McClain, Franklin, read an interesting paper, subject u An
Anomaly in Obstetric Practice,” which was referred to the committee
on publication.
Dr. W. P. Armstrong, Lafayette read a paper on “ Lycopodium
characterizing it as one of the most valuable remedies in the materia
medica. Referred to the committee on publication.
A paper from Dr. Theo. Schultz, of Evansville, was read by. its
titles, “Thoughts on the reform of our Schools,” and referred for
publication.
HINTS ABOUT ACONITE.
Dr. H. H. Baxter, of Cleveland, O., read a paper on “Hints about
Aconite,” He said:
The inquiry raised in some of the journals and elsewhere by some
physicians, concerning the antidotes for Aconite poisoning, calls to
mind a little experience in this direction, and suggests the propriety
of calling attention to a very common error in connection with its use
in practice. It is a fact not generally known, or* if known, often for¬
gotten, that any vegetable acid will antitode and neutralize the effects
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Society Proceedings .
[Junk 15,
of Aconite . A fortunate recollection of this served me a good turn
about two years ago. A family, previously Allopathic in belief and
practice, concluded that homeopathy was the better system, and
formally made the change. They procured a work on Homeopathic
practice calculated for family use, and purchased the medicines
therein named, but most of them in the form of tinctures instead of
attenuations. Soon after one of the children, a little girl about ten
years of age, obtained the Aconite bottle and swallowed some of its
contents. The accident was discovered at once, but no attention was
paid to it, under the impression that all Homroopathic medicines were
perfectly harmless. Very soon, however, the child began to show
symptoms of sickness, which rapidly increased, when the parents
became alarmed and I was called in haste to see her. This was about
0 p.m. I found her sitting in a large arm-chair, with a most anxious
expression of countenance, face flushed, skin hot and dry, pulse 140
beats per minute. She complained of heat and soreness of the throat,
and heat and considerable pain in the stomach. There was also what
seemed to be an almost constant spasmodic action of the diaphragm
and stomach which was very distressing. It was a most peculiar
symptom—hiccough and apparently an attempt to vomit at the same
time. On being asked, she said she felt only a slight nausea. I could
not learn how much of the poison had been swallowed, and the condi¬
tion of the patient was such as to give rise to grave fears as to the
result. At my request they brought me what I was assured was pure
cider vinegar. I gave the patient about half a teaspoonful, undiluted.
In about ten minutes I gave ten drops, and after about twenty min¬
utes I noticed the frequency of the pulse had perceptibly diminished.
To be brief, in about one hour from the time of the first dose the child
was nearly or quite out of danger, the pulse had diminished in fre¬
quency to about one hundred beats per minute, the peculiar spas¬
modic action of the stomach had almost entirely ceased, and the
patient said she felt much better. I saw her again, three hours later,
and found her with pulse at about one hundred, skin moist, face
flushed, and some thirst; otherwise feeling pretty comfortable. She
was somewhat restless and feverish through the night, but in the
morning declared she was as well as ever, except a little weak.
This case is interesting, not because of any new or unusual features
it presents, but because it brings into startling prominence some facts
concerning our medicines which the familiarity of daily use leads us
to forget, viz.: That many of our most common remedies are deadly
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Society Proceedings.
477
poisons. Prescribing them daily, and almost hourly, it is hardly to be
wondered at that we lose sight of this fact. Aconite , perhaps more
than any other of the active poisons, is used in the form of tincture-
diluted in water, it is true, but still in quantities sufficiently large to
produce some unpleasant symptoms, especially in those peculiarly
susceptible to its influerce. If it be true that familiarity breeds
contempt, it is also true that familiarity and constant use beget care¬
lessness. I submit the suggestion that inflammatory fevers, for which
Aconite is prescribed, may be aggravated rather than benefited if
proper care is not exercised in the quantity given.
Aconite is one of the most deadly poisons, rapid and violent in its
action. In case of poisoning by it, no time is to be lost. Whatever
is done must be done at once, or all efforts to save the patient will
prove useless. The patient will either be dead or almost entirely
recovered in a few hours. Its action, though violent while it lasts, is
of short duration. The effect of one dose, even though a large one,
seldom lasts over twenty-four hours. The effect may be prolonged by
repeated small doses. Fortunately, it leaves no lasting or chronic
effect upon the system.
The power of acids to antidote the effect of Aconite is of consider¬
able importance from a therapeutic point of view. In the fevers to
which this remedy is Homoeopathic, thirst is an almost constant symp¬
tom. This is not unfrequently so violent that simple water does not
satisfy, or proves injurious. The most common expedient in such
cases is acidulated drinks—lemonade, jelly-water, etc. It is not sur¬
prising if no modification of the fever is observed from the use of
Aconite, under such circumstances. The use of acids in every form
should be carefully avoided, and even permitting fruits that are at all
acid, is of questionable propriety, when Aconite is being administered.
The fact that acids antidote or neutralize the effect of Aconite, sug¬
gests the inquiry whether other substances or medicines may not
have the same effect, and still further, whether or not two medicines
may not antidote or antagonize each other when administered at the
same time. This is a question which I will leave for the considera¬
tion of such as are in the habit of alternating.
Another thought suggests itself here as a sort of after-thought, viz.:
that Homoeopathic physicians should exercise a greater oversight over
family cases, and families known to possess them and those who keep
certain of our remedies always in the house, should be informed
of the deadly natures of some of these medicines, £hd of the mischief
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Society Proceedings .
[June 15,
that may arise from carelessness in allowing children free access to
these remedies. The impression which prevails among the people,
and seldom or never contradicted, that any quantity of Homoeopathic
sugar pills may be taken with impunity, is not only wrong as to facts
but tends to impress unfavorably those not familiar with their power
as curative agents.
PROPHYL AM IN.
Dr. J. C. M. Chaffee, Kentland, read a paper on “ Prophylamin ”
He said:
I would call the attention of this association to a fragmentary pro¬
ving of this compratively new drug. On January 10, 1879,1 took ten
drops of the Prophylamin in water. One half hour after taking the
same I experienced a smarting sensation of the tongue and fauces,
with much thirst; there was also a tingling of the fingers, a sensa¬
tion of numbness to such an extent that in attempting to pick up
anything it felt heavy, and I had to use great effort to retain the arti¬
cle within my grasp. This group of symptoms passed off at the expi¬
ration of three hours. I then took another dose of ten drops, and
experienced the above symptoms intensified with the additional
symptoms of great pains in the wrist joints, also great restlessness
and inability to stand upon my feet from the pain produced in the
ankle joints.
I took no more of the medicine, the tongue became broad and
flabby, the mucous membranes of the buccal cavity were pale, appe¬
tite gone, no desire for anything, became morose, with great desire to
be let alone; the pain in the joints was made worse by the slightest
movement. Twenty-four hours after taking the drug, was attacked
with diarrhoea; the stools were thin, watery and white.
I have prescribed this medicine in two cases of rheumatism, where
ordinarily I should have given Bryonia. I will call your attention to
one of these cases : Mrs. M., aged twenty-seven, was attacked
April 15,1880, with a feeling of malise and a desire for large quanti¬
ties of water; in attempting to sew, the needle felt so heavy that it was
with difficulty that she continued sewing. There was also a copious
diarrhoea which was very light in color, and pains in the ankle joints,
but none in the wrists; was unable to stand. Prophylamin five drops,
water four ounces. One teaspoonful every four hours if needed. In
eight hours after the first dose of the remedy was given the patient
was free from all untoward symptoms except the feeling of languor,
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Society Proceedings .
479
which gradually gave way; but one dose of the Prophylamin was
given. The second case was parallel and the result satisfactory.
MORE PAPERS.
Dr. W. H. Thomas, Elkhart, submitted a paper entitled “ A Few
Epidemic Causes, 79 which was referred to the publication committee.
Dr. G. W. Bowen, of Ft. Wayne, read a paper on “ Variola, its Pre¬
vention and Cure.” Referred. A paper with the title “Glio-Sar-
coma,” was referred, after being read by its author, Dr. W. O. Cattron,
of Valparaiso. Dr. C. M. Pickett, of Albion, read a paper entitled
“A Few Cases from Practice.” Referred.
Dr. E. M. Hale, of Chicago, contributed a paper on “ Laryngismus
Stridulus,” with an illustrated case, cured by Monobromide of Cam -
p/ior. The paper was a most interesting and important one, and will
be published in the transactions of the institute.
Dr. W. T. Branstrup, of Vincennes, read an article on " Health
and Instruction,” from Dr. B. W. Richardson’s recent address in
XiOndon. He said that he read the article for the reason that it would
be of more interest and do more good than anything he could possi¬
bly write.
DELEGATES CHOSEN.
The following gentlemen were chosen delegates to the American
Institute of Homoeopathy, which will meet in Milwaukee, June 15,
1880: Drs. O. S. Runnels and J. R. Haynes, Indianapolis; G. W.
Bowen, Fort Wayne; W. T. Branstrup, Vincennes; Dr. W. P. Arm¬
strong, Lafayette.
The Institute then adjourned to meet on call of the president and
secretary, next April or May.
WESTERN JOINT CONVENTION .
Minneapolis, June 9th.
This is one of the most pleasant of cities, and has the earnest bustle
of a genuine western town. The recent heavy rains while giving
everything a cheerful aspect, seriously affected traffic, washing out
bridges, and otherwise delaying trains so that the physicians were
late in arriving. The morning session was slimly attended.
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Society Proceedings.
[Junk 15,
The Western Academy of Homoeopathy and the Minnesota State
Homoeopathic Institute, convened June 9, 1880, at Minneapolis,
Minn. The session was opened by the Academy, which was
called to order by President G. S. Walker, M. D., of St. Louis.
Dr. James A. Campbell, of St. Louis was made secretary pro tern.
The president stated that the delayed trains had prevented many
delegates from arriving in time to hold the morning session, and
that the order of proceeding might therefore be somewhat changed
from the programme. He then introduced Rev. J. H. Tuttle, who
invoked divine blessing on their proceedings.
Dr. G. H. Hawes of Hastings, was elected provisional secretary,
and the following committees were appointed:
Auditing Committee—Drs. J. H. Miller, C. G. Higbee and W. A.
Edmonds.
Committee on Credentials—Drs. T. C. Duncan, G. W. Foote and
Mrs. M. B. Pearman.
The joint meeting was then convened, and Dr. A. E. High bee,
president of the institute, delivered the following address of welcome:
DB. HIGBEE’S ADDRESS.
Mb. President and Members of the Western Academy of
Homceopathy : Upon lips all unable to frame into fitting words
the warm welcome the heart prompts, has fallen the pleasant duty to
give utterance to you that Minneapolis, and Minnesota to-day extend
to each and every member of the Western Academy of Homoeopathy.
First, we greet you with the greeting that science extends to all her
followers, who labor for the advancement of human happiness. We
greet you in the name of that medical practice that has done so much
for the true advancement of medical science, whose banners are to
the front in every battle with the hosts of ignorance, prejudice and
superstition.
We greet you in the name of him who first gave to the medical
world a law, the revered and honored Hahnemann, whose followers are
to-day found in every land and every clime, are numbered by thou¬
sands and count among their patrons the wealth, beauty, and what is
far more gratifying and desirable, the intelligence of the land 1 We
welcome you with hearts as warm and hands as true as have ever met
you at previous meetings. To do more than this lays not within the
compass of human power. In the name of this young city, whose
years scarcely entitle to a vote, but withal a promising youth, bottle-
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Society Proceedings.
481
fed in early years, and even now largely nourished by patent food !
In the name of her citizens, staunch friends of Homoeopathy, in the
name Of her ladies and children, I bid you welcome.
** Beautiful i9 the sun, oh, strangers.
When you come so far to see us;
All our town in peace awaits you.
All our doors stand open for you;
You shall enter all our wigwams;
For the heart's right hand we give you.
Never bloomed the earth so gaily;
Never shone the sun so brightly,
As to-day they shine and blossom,
When you come so far to see us.”
Thus welcomed Hiawatha the stranger at his door, and so I wel¬
come you.
This is a progressive age; every man is delving into the depths of
his chosen work in search of that which has long laid hidden. The
onward rush of progress is as irresistible as that of the waters of the
mighty river that flows by us. He who lags is soon lost from the
ranks of the world’s laborers. In the city that to-day seeks to welcome
the stranger within her gates, you can see an example of the wonder¬
ful progress of the northwest. But little more than a score of
years had been recorded in time’s register since the Indian’s “tepee”
was the only hotel, and the open space about the council fire, roofed
by the heavens, was the only hall or opera house where to day stands
the city of Minneapolis. In those days your welcome here might
have been of a warmer kind, and thrusts far sharper than those given
in a debate on lx versus lm might have penetrated your cerebellum.
There must be some powerful and progressive influence that has
drawn this meeting together. Some of you come from where the
breezes of the Atlantic are fresh upon your cheeks, some from where
the snow capped peak9 of the Rocky Mountains look down upon you.
Others of you come from the land of the magnolia, where warmer
skies smile upon you.
What is the force that draws us together? Pleasure alone it cannot
be! Profit to the purse cannot by any rule be demonstrated, and
besides the avaricious doctor was never known to attend or assist at
a medical convention of any kind.
From every face before me comes the answer: “We come with an
earnest desire and strong purpose to help forward by concerted action
the great medical reform in its march to still greater victories than
those it now claims the honor of.”
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Society Proceedings.
[June 15,
From the small and despised beginning of a few scores of years ago.
Homoeopathy has reached out with ever-lengthening arms, until to-day
every land feels the benign influence that rational Homooepatby has
wrought in medical practice.
In our ranks to-day stand men whose well won reputation is world¬
wide ; men eminent in every branch of medical science, and year by
year these facts are receiving official recognition, and our physicians
are to-day filling some of the stations we are entitled to, and not
simply because we have a “theory and law,” but from our numerous
and distinguished patronage. Surely this is a stately tree to grow
from a few small globules.
A year and a month have passed since your last meeting in the
saintly city of the south ; long and weary months to many of yon no
doubt, as you have battled with a scourge worse than “ Attiila,” some
of the time, and a noble record you have made; some of you come
bearing laurels won in the glow and furnace heat of last summer ; all
glory to you, and honor to you all, and though sometimes you are
persecuted, remember that all discoverers in science, and reformers
in the art of healing, have had to suffer in direct ratio to the success
of their efforts. Let us then, as we meet from city to city in these
conventions, not only help one another by our deliberations, but as
workers together in the same profession, encourage, sympathize with
and strengthen one another, that we may go back to our chosen work
with renewed energy, and not only wiser and better, but also happier,
for having been here. Hoping that we may all be spared to meet
together in an unbroken band for many years to come, I again bid
you welcome to this land of the “ sky tinted waters. ”
The joint convention then adjourned, and the Western Academy
was called to order, and the report of the secretary read as follows:
St. Louis, June 5.1880:— To The Western Academy of Homoe¬
opathy— Your secretary reports the following work done by him
during his term of office:
That he has transferred to a book prepared for the purpose, the
constitution and by-laws of the Western Academy, as originally
adopted at the preliminary meeting held in St. Louis in 1871. That
he has failed to note any amendments made subsequent, finding no
record of the same.
That he has, as far as possible, placed in the same book, a correct
list of the members, of the ^Western Academy, alphabetically, for
reference.
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483
That he returned to the several writers the reports of the various
bureaux entrusted to him for publication, after the lapse of three
months; the committee on publication failing to secure within that
time subscriptions enough to publish a volume of transactions.
That he sent to eleven hundred and fifty physicians the circulars of
the Western Academy, announcing the meeting, bureaux, railroad
rates, etc., distributing them northwest and south, and to all the
home journals of the United States.
That he answered all letters addressed to him as secretary of the
Western Academy.
That he procured fifty copies of the certificate of membership, and
sent to the following members their certificates:
Drs. G. S. Schmidt, Effingham, Ill.; Wm. C. Dake, Nashville, Tenn.;
T. M. Triplett, Macon 111.; E. A. Murphy, New Orleans, Ill.; J. P.
Willard, Jacksonville, Ill.; L. A. Sernoris, Mount Pleasant, Iowa; B.
Bell Andrews, Astoria, Ill.; W. Bailey, Sr., New Orleans, La.; W.
Bailey, Jr., New Orleans, La.; J. M. Larrabee, Marysville, Nev.; W.
M. L. Breyfogle, Louisville, Ky.; A. C. Jones, Connersville, Ind.;
W. H. Blakely, Bowling Green, Ky.; J. P. Garvin, Alton, Ill.; S.
M. Fowler, Dubuque, Iowa; S. N. Saunders, Attica, Ind.; M. B. Pear-
man, St. Louis, Mo.; A. C. Co wperth waite, Iowa City, Iowa; W. L.
Hedger,*Warrensburg, Mo.; P. B. Hoyt, Paris, Ill.; E. A. DdCailbal,
St. Louis, Mo.; J. C. Cummings, St Louis, Mo.; W. G. Hall, St. Joe,
Mo.; C. W. Spaulding, St. Louis, Mo.; J. P. Frahue, St. Louis, Mo.
W, B. May, St. Louis, Mo.
Several certificates yet remain in the secretary's possession, belong¬
ing to members from whom no reply can be had from letters addressed
to them.
Your secretary would still further urge the active exertions of the
members of the Academy to increase its members, the entire list
amounting but to 150, the larger part of whom came from Missouri
and Illinois. It is believed with a little effort, many earnest workers
and valuable men can be induced to contribute yearly to the reports
of the Academy and become active members.
He would further urge the publication of an annual volume of
transactions, believing such a collection of reports would largely
increase the interest in the proceedings and induce many to contribute
who otherwise would not.
Finally, he deplores the professional necessities which keep him from
being present at Minneapolis, and lending his hands to making this
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Society Proceedings .
[Junk 15,
annual convention the great success it promises to be, asking indulg¬
ence for any errors during his term of office. Bespectfully submitted.
Dr. C. W. Crary, chairman of bureau of obstetrics, was not ready U>
report, except verbally. On motion it was voted that he be allowed
to report verbally. His subject was miscarriage. He stated that
there were many more cases of this kind than was generally sup¬
posed, and cited instances and treatment that called out an earnest
discussion of means of aresting the liability of some patients to such
unfortunate troubles. He cited a case of miscarriage at the second
month, when the membranes were cast off in spite of his best effort.
He called attention to the effect of Opium and its alkaloid in quieting
threatened miscarriage. When it was inevitable, he found that a
peeled lemon, pushed high up, would bring all away. A spirited dis¬
cussion followed.
Dr. J. Harts Miller, of Abingdon, Ill.—Would not call, in absence of
one menses, an appearance of membrane an evidence of miscarriage.
He cited one case that passed membrane, but thinks it was not preg¬
nancy. It was a mass of cysts.
Dr. T. C. Duncan, of Chicago—Moved that all present be invited
to take part in discussion. Carried.
Dr. Steele mentioned that he had tried hyperperdermic injections
of Morphia with great success, though this might not be considered
strictly Homoeopathic. Had many similar cases. Thinks gestation
may occur and foetus not appear among the membranes. Has quieted
these cases down with Morpine very easily, sometimes even after
abortion seems inevitable.
Dr G. W. Foote, Galesburg, Ill.—Did not know any course better
than cotton or a silk handkerchief or anything else when there was
some hsemorrhage.
Dr. C. thought Citric acid helped. Did not know where he got the
idea.
Dr. Humphreys described a case in which he used Morphine with*
out success, and the woman has become a Morphine drunkard.
Dr. Foote asserted that Dr. H. is responsible for that case, and that
there are remedies for such cases that are efficacious, and should be
used.
Dr. J. H. Miller sustained the position of Dr. Foote, and if the rem¬
edy does not act in one dilution another should be tried. In many
cases of miscarriage keeping the patient quiet is efficacious.
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Mrs. Dr. Harris inquired: u Isn’t this a question for temperance
societies V”
Dr. Pratt.—And medical societies, also ?
Dr. Duncan.—This discussion shows the necessity for more knowl¬
edge of the indications of remedies for the prevention of miscarri¬
age. Search our literature and see how meagre are the reliable hints
for the selection of the remedy.
Mrs. Dr. Smith supported the case of the one who uses Morphine , as
her own experience in the hospital has proven beneficial. In five or
six cases she had used it with benefit, but she was careful not to tell
the patient what remedy she gave. Hot water was also used with
benefit.
Dr. Steele rose and cited cases where one to three doses of Morphine
had been ample.
Dr. C. B. Gilbert, of Minneapolis—Related a case of threatened mis¬
carriage where the pains were spasmodic, face red. Bell. 200 relieved
so that she went on to full term.
Dr. A. E. Higbee.—Thinks Morphine may be the similia in some
cases.
Dr. M. B. Pearman, of St. Louis.—Uses Morphine 1st trit. and finds
the single dose efficient.
Dr. G. S. Walker, St. Louis.—For many years an Allopath. Gave
Morphine for some cases and it relieved, and in some not. Now uses
it. Morphine lx trit. in half a glass of water—dose every 20 minutes,
is quite as efficient for the tearing pains as a larger one, and produces
no after effects.
Dr. G. C. Higbee, St. Paul.—The trouble is, they want to have a
miscarriage, and do not follow our orders and keep quiet and get the
effect of the remedy, we can make them by Morphine , and so arrest
trouble.
Dr. L. Pratt, of Wheaton, Ill.—Protested against the use of Mor¬
phine. Delays result and blinds physician. Does not believe it heals
up the abortion. Get on as well without it. Had cases where Secale
helped. These and similar remarks were cheered by many members
who did not speak on the question.
Dr. Gilbert, of Minneapolis, referred to a case he had last Sunday
morning; didn’t need Morphine; thought its use not allowable in
Homoeopathic practice.
The president stated that owing to the limited time this discussion
must close to give opportunity for other business.
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Society Proceedings.
[June 15,
Voted that an evening session be held at 7:30.
Dr. Higbee, from the board of censors, reported the following list
of names, and recommended the election of new members, which
recommendation was unanimously adopted.
NEW MEMBERS.
C. W. Crary, Lake City Minn.; R. B. House, Tecumseh, Mich.; J. C.
Tucker, Minneapolis; Eugene Campbell,Fairfield, Iov^a; C. G. Higbee,
St. Paul; E. A. Guilbert, Dubuque, Iowa; J. A. Steele, Minneapolis;
W. H. Caine,Stillwater; G.F. Roberts, Waterloo, Iowa; J. Flanders
Beaumont, Minneapolis: Mrs. Julia Holmes Smith, Chicago; John T.
Bickley, Waterloo, Iowa; Mrs. L. M. Hurlbut, Portage, Wis.; Benton
Banton, Waterloo, Iowa; D. M. Goodwin, Minneapolis; G. H. Hawes
Hastings, Minn.; Charles [Griswold, St. Paul; Mrs. S. C. Harris
Galena, Ill.
Dr. Duncan, from the committee on credentials, reported the fol¬
lowing list of delegates from other states and associations ;
DELEGATES FROM STATE8.
T. C. Duncan, Mrs. Julia Holmes Smith, W. J. Hawkes, H. N.
Keener, J. H. Beaumont C. H. Vilas,, T. S. Hoyne, J. S. Mitchell,
H. P. Cole, L. Pratt, S. E. Smith, H. B. Fellows, R. Ludlam, Mrs.
Annie E. Bailey, S. P. Hedges, J. E. Gross, E. H. Pratt, M. B.
Campbell, Illinois; C. J. Berger, Mo.; A. E. Higbee, W. H. Caine,
H. Hutchison, Mrs. Adel Hutchinson, Minn.
DELEGATES FROM SOCIETIES.
Hahnemann Medical Society, of Hennepin county—C. B. Gilbert,
G. O. Sutherland.
COLLEGES AND INSTITUTES.
G. S. Walker and W. A. Edmonds, from St. Louis College of
Homoeopathy.
W. A. Phillips, from Cleveland, Ohio, College.
T. C. Duncan, from United States Medical Investigator.
Julia Holmes Smith, from Chicago Homoeopathic College.
THE JOINT SESSION RESUMED.
After acting on sundry matters of routine business, the joint ses¬
sion was again resumed, and took up the report of the bureau of psy¬
chological medicine, anatomy and physiology. Dr. C. D. Williams
of St. Paul, read a paper on the subject which consumed the time of
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487
the convention until the hour of adjournment arrived, 5 o’clock,
when a recess was taken until 8 p. m.
EVENING SESSION.
At 8 o’clock the joint convention was again called to order by the
president, who stated that any who desired would have an opportun¬
ity to pay their dues.
The following additional names were enrolled as members of the
convention :
N. A. Pennoyer, Kenosha, Wis.; S. B. Parsons, St. Louis; E. H.
Grannis, Menominee, Wis.; E. Cartwright, Decorah, Iowa; G. H.
Hawes, Hastings, Minn.; Chas. Griswold, St. Paul; J. B. Tucker,
Minneapolis; S. B. Sterritt.
Reports from the bureau of psychological medicine, anatomy and
physiology were continued.
Dr. Pennoyer, of Kenosha, Wis., read an essay on modern miracles,
having some reference to the so-called special dispensations of provi¬
dence, so often reported through the newspapers. These, the gentle¬
man claimed should be explained scientifically, rather than as the
result of prayer, and then proceeded to bring forward some forcible
reasons in substantiation of his assertion. The solution of the
so-called miraculous cures of the day, he concluded, lay whollv in
those who have become nervous wrecks obtaining absolute rest. Nat¬
ure’s laws had done more than prayer; and thought an attempt to
attribute these cures to any other cause did not promote the cause of
religion.
A paper was read by Prof. Hawkes, from H. B. Fellows, of Chi¬
cago, in which he described the case of a child attacked with a nerv¬
ous disease, neurasthenia, resulting in emaciation and weakness,
which finally produced hernia. He was unable to walk until four
and a half years old. He was treated with Fer. phos . and electricity,
and is entirely recovered.
N. A. Pennoyer read a paper on the beneficient effect of rest in
nervous diseases, stating that these are often brought on by over-ex-
citemeot, and a period of rest allows the system to recuperate suffi¬
ciently to throw off the disease. These papers were discussed by
Drs. Duncan, Edmunds, Hawkes, Humphreys, Mrs. Sarah Harris and
Miller. These discussions developed different opinions as to the
policy of changing one disease for another; on what constitutes hys¬
terica, and on action as opposed to rest in nervous cases.
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Interesting Notes on Yellow Fev~r.
[June 15,
Dr. Sterritt read a paper on provings, in which he gave the results
of various medicines on himself, one being Lapis alba , a remedy for
cancer, which produced symptoms about as bad as the disease.
W. C. Leonard also read one on Pedicularis canadensis , a remedy
for snake bites.
Dr. Hawkes suggested that a better way to prove remedies would
be to take them without knowing what they were.
Drs. Hoyne, Duncan, Leonard, Pratt and Roberts discussed the
symptoms reported, showing their similarity to other remedies, and
advising extreme care in making these provings.
Dr. W. H. Leonard reported his experience with Honey and Salt.
A paper received from the Woman’s Temperance Union was referred
The president stated that Thursday afternoon at 4 o’clock a paper
on the eye and ear is to be presented, and on motion of Dr. Higbee
it was resolved that the public be invited to attend. All the various
instruments in use in that branch will be exhibited and illustrated,
including the audiphone and dentophone.
(To be continued.)
Hygiene Department.
INTERESTING NOTES ON YELLOW FEVER IN CUBA.
BY PHIL. rORTKR, M. D., JACKSON, MICH.
(Continued lrom page 435.)
The report then shows how the collections were made and prepared
for examination, but I shall pass on to the “ Experiments upon Ani¬
mals ” without giving the details of the experiments. No symptoms
were produced in any of the animals, which can fairly be attributed
to the influence of the yellow fever poisou.
The clinical thermometer was constantly used for the purpose of
recognizing any slight febrile movement which might possibly occur;
also the blood was examined from time to time, and blood from a
yellow fever patient was injected to the amount of one and one-half
drachms.
The examination of the water of the harbor was also negative as
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Interesting Notes on Yellow Fever,
489
far as yellow fever is concerned; the specific gravity of the water near
the shore was found to be 10.22 at 84°F.
This water exposed in the laboratory in a wide mouthed bottle for
two weeks did not undergo any putrefactive change; after a heavy
fall of rain, however, the water became muddy in appearance seen in
mass, and the specific gravity fell to 1016 or even to 1005 in the vicinity
of sewers and places where the drainage from the streets made a con¬
siderable stream of fresh water. These specimens of low specific
gravity contained considerable amorphous mineral matter, vegetable
debris, and infusoria of various forms including spirilla, vibriones
and rod-bacteria.
The bacteria did not exhibit active movements, and doubtless had
been washed into the harbor from the streets and sewers. ,
Probably being fresh water species, their reproductive power, if not
their vitality was soon destroyed by the salt water.
The examination of the air in and about Havana is of a very inter¬
esting character. That yellow fever is usually contracted by respir¬
ing in infected localities, a poisoned atmosphere, seems beyond ques¬
tion ; and many things in the behavior of the specific poison of the
disease such as its portability, the tenacity with which it clings to sur¬
faces, clothing, etc., seem to prove that it is particulate.
In Havana various methods were resorted to for the purpose of
collecting the suspended matters in the atmosphere for microscopic
examination.
Common experience proves how quickly dust accumulates upon
exposed surfaces in dwellings, hospitals, etc., and Prof. Tyndall has
shown that in a closed apartment where there is no disturbance of
the atmosphere, all the suspended matters soon settle to the floor of
the chamber, leaving the air as free from particulate contents as if it
had been filtered through a cotton filter.
Upon tbe glass slips exposed in Havana in the yellow fever wards
of hospitals, in the laboratory of the commission, and on infected
vessels, the dust deposited was found to contain a variety of vegeta¬
ble organisms, and numerous extremely minute crystals, in addition
to the amorphous mineral and vegetable matters, epithelial cells, etc.,
which make up the greater part of the dust found anywhere.
Attention wits particularly attracted to certain slender glistening
acicular crystals radiating from little opaque masses, which were
especially abundant in the yellow fever wards and in the soiled linen
worn, of the military hospital. Subsequent observation in the United
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Interesting Notes on Yelloto Fever.
[June 15,
States have added to the interest which these striking objects
aroused when first seen. Soon after the return of the commission the
National Board of Health had a session in Washington, and several
of the members on returning to their homes took with them some
watch-glasses arranged in little boxes so that they could be conven¬
iently packed and sent by mail. These watch-glasses were exposed
in various places and returned to Washington for microscopic exam¬
inations of the dust deposited upon them. They were received in
good order, and had adhering to the concave surface of each glass, a
deposit of dust more or less abundant, according to the place of
exposure.
Seven boxes, each containing two glasses, were received from
* infected localities, two from Morgan City, Louisana, four from Cen-
treville, Louisana, and one from Bayou Boeuf.
Of these, six pairs of glasses had been exposed in the room occupied
by yellow fever patients, and one pair outdoors in an infected locality:
all of these glasses were found to have adhering to them a consider¬
able number of radiating acicular crystals exactly similar in appear¬
ance to those discovered in Havana. Eight boxes were also received
from places supposed to be not infected, viz., from Bellevue Hospital,
New York, and from Charity Hospital, New Orleans.
The watch-glasses enclosed in these boxes had been exposed in the
wards of these hospitals, and in the dead-houses and soiled linen
worn in the Charity Hospital. All were well covered with a deposit
of dust, and none of those from New York presented any appearance
of crystals. The glasses from New Orleans, however, had a few of
the acicular crystals described, and considerable number of prismatic
crystal exactly resembling crystals found in Havana upon glass slips
exposed in the laboratory and in the Military Hospital. Whether
these and the prismatic crystals are different substances or different
forms of the same substance, whether the one or both bear a casual
relation to yellow fever, whether they are in the atmosphere in
greater abundance during the prevalence of yellow fever without
being the true poison of the disease or whether they are entirely inde¬
pendent of this disease, are questions to be determined by future
investigations, but the facts already presented and the additional
fact that no description of figure of anything like these acicular crys¬
tals is to be found in the amply illustrated reports of Maddox, Cun¬
ningham, Miguel, and others make it imperative that the investiga¬
tion be pursued until these questions are answered. Crystals deposited
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1680.]
Interesting Notes on Yellow Fever.
491
from atmosphere are mentioned, both by Cunningham and Miguel
and prismatic crystals are figured by the latter writer which may be
identical with those of similar form found in Havana, but the elonga¬
ted, flexible, acicular crystals shown in photo-micrograph from
Havana and Morgan City, are so peculiar and striking, that these
careful observers could scarcely have failed to describe and figure
them, if they had found them during their researches. At first it was
a matter of doubt whether these slender glistening filaments were
vegetable or crystalline in character, until brought in contact with
water.
MORBID ANATOMY AND PATHOLOGICAL HISTOLOGY.
Twenty-two autopsies were performed and eighteen have furnished
material for histological studies.
The organs that have been prepared for examinations are: The
liver, stomach and intestines, the kidney, the supra-renal body and
the spleen, the spinal cord, the medulla oblongata, the mezo-enceph-
alon, the pneumo-gastric nerve, and the semi-lunar ganglion of the
abdomen, the heart and other muscles, the mesenteric glands and the
lungs.
The liver has been found always to be of about the normal size and
•consistency, its color in the majority of cases light; the hepatic cells
are found in a condition of cloudy swelling. Besides the fine albumen-
ous granulation, the fine cells show at times evidence of fatty degen¬
eration and pigmentary infiltration.
The large biliary passages are found patulous throughout, and the
smaller ducts present no evidences of catarrhal inflammation; so that
if any obstruction exists in the latter, it is due to the cloudy swelling
of the hepatic cells and the inter-lobular connective tissue.
It has been supposed that the jaundice may be due to diminished
pressure in the portal circulation, yet in spite of the depletion by
haemorrhage from the portal radicles, the inter-lobular veins are
found sometimes choked up with blood.
No microphytes have been found in the liver or in the blood con¬
tained in its vessels.
The stomach presents no evidences of inflammation. The proto¬
plasm of the epithelial cells is normal and the nuclei quite distinct.
There is no degeneration of the muscular coat. It is very difficult at
first, the source of the blood found in the black vomit. The reason is
this, that the tops of the ridges between the gastric follicles are
removed by post-mortem digestion, and it appears that the hsemor-
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Consultation Department .
492
[June 15,
rhages take place always, as far as they have been seen from the
loops of capillaries that rise into the ridges.
THE KIDNEYS.
In all cases the epithelial cells are more or less in a state of cloudy
swelling. In every kidney some tubules are met which appear to be
in a normal condition. In some, on the contrary, there are evidences
of catarrhal inflammation. No organisms have been found in the
kidney.
THE HEART.
The examination of this organ shows that there is no foundation for
the opinion that there is a fatty degeneration of the muscular fibre.
The heart is almost always found firmly contracted, and its consist¬
ency and color normal.
The semi-lunar ganglion, connective tissue of new formation is
here met with to a greater extent than in the tissues heretofore
described, but the nervous elements present no evidence of degenera¬
tion further than the cloudy swelling already described in other
organs.
Of the other portions of the nervous system which have not been
examined microscopically, it may be said that they present nothing
abnormal to the naked eye.
Consultation Department.
ANSWER TO CASE.
Please tell W. in Volumo XI, page 405, to give his patient Carbere-
tum sulphuric Sx, in water, four doses a day. No external application
of anything. U.
ANSWER TO CASES.
On page 405 of the May number of The Investigator, I find the
case of a Mrs. W. signed W. Juglans 3x, and Nux 3x in alternation
every three hours will meet the Indications. And for Dr. Short’s
case, Qels. 3x, Iqnatia 3x, and Nux 3x in alternation, three times a
day, and bathing the spine in salt water, rubbing from above down¬
wards. S. B. T.
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1880.]
Notes on Lycopodium.
493
ANSWER TO CASE OF SCURVY.
In reply to Dr. J. L. Short’s case of scurvy I have cured two very
bad cases with Arsenicum and Lachesis. Both of them had blue spot 8
on them from the size of a pin head to the palm of the hand. The
gums were revealed very bad and in a measure covered the teeth.
One case bled at the nose, mouth, bowels and bladder. I will suggest
to the doctor to give Lack. 3c., to 6 c. one, two or three times a day
for two weeks. Then, if necessary, give Ars. 3 to 30. If this does not
cure give Nat. mur . 200, c or upwards. Charles Davis.
Materia Medica Department
NOTES ON LYCOPODIUM.
BY W. P. ARMSTRONG, M. D., LAFAYETTE, IND.
Read at the fourteenth annual session of the Indiana Institute of Homoe¬
opathy, Indianapolis, Ind., May 26, I860.
This medicine has won some reputation as a remedy for dandruff
occurring in patches and accompanied by baldness, and in thick,
easily bleeding crusts upon the scalp, with oozing of foetid moisture.
In the intertrigo of infants, not only when occurring behind the ears
and between the folds of the neck, but more especially between the
thighs and about the genitals, it has often rendered good service.
In ophthalmia tarsi it should be used more frequently than it is, as
its provings present an almost perfect picture of this affection. It
has: Restlessness of the eyes and pressure in them; mucus in the
eyes, she must wipe them in order to see more clearly; much puru¬
lent mucus in the eyes with smarting pain; severe burning itching
in the eyes, especially in the canthi; ulceration and redness of the
eyelids; the water which flows from the eyes smarts and bites the
cheek; agglutination of the eyes especially at night, particularly the
external canthi; the evening light blinds her very much, she cannot
see anything across the table.
Here Lycopodium ranks next to Sepia. It should, however, be sup¬
plemented by the local application of Cosmoline or something similar,
in order to protect the inflamed edges of the lids from the air and the
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494
Notes on Lycopodium .
f June 15,
irritating discharges, and to prevent them from adhering together.
Lycopodium seems to be Homoeopathic to nasal catarrh with great
dryness and complete stoppage of the nose, or with excoriating dis¬
charge. Charge, in his excellent work on the diseases of the respira¬
tory organs, says, that the yellow color of the discharge is character¬
istic. Sense of smell exalted.
In the throat we have tonsillitis, beginning in the right tonsil and
afterwards going to the left; feeling in the throat as if too tight to
swallow; food and drink regurgitate through the nose; sensitiveness
of submaxillary glands with increased secretion of saliva. But it is
in diseases of the digestive sphere, including the liver, that it finds
its greatest usefulness. Marked symptoms in the pathogenesis are:
Tension and pressure in the hepatic region; pressive pain as from a
blow in the right hypochondriac region, aggravated by touch; the
liver is painful to the touch. As might have been expected from the
symptoms just given, it has proved itself one of our best remedies
in chronic congestions of the liver. Great appetite; hunger remains
even after eating, though the stomach and abdomen are full and
tense; loss of appetite; constant sense of satiety; sour eructations,
either complete or incomplete ; hiccough ; waterbrash; heartburn ;
nausea in the stomach with accumulation of water in the mouth;
acidity of the stomach ; digestion seems to proceed very slowly; dis¬
comfort in the stomach after eating a little ; cramp in the stomach,
which is much distended; pressure in the stomach as if over-dis¬
tended, after eating a little ; epigastric region extremely sensitive to
every touch. Distension of abdomen, with rumbling, relieved by the
emission of flatus; whole abdomen distended by flatulence after
stool; loud rumbling and gurgling in the abdomen; great fullness
and distension of the abdomen; sensation in the hypochondria as of
something drawn tightly around the body; whole abdomen, and
especially the epigastric region, sensitive to pressure, so that he can¬
not bear the clothes tight. Rectum contracted and protruding dur¬
ing stool; anus painfully closed; haemorrhoids painful to the touch:
either diarrhoea or constipation, but more especially the latter, with
hard, difficult stools. Lycopodium has done some excellent service
in cases of indigestion with the above characteristics. It has been
said that constipation must be a prominent symptom when it is indi¬
cated, but although constipation would be one more valuable indica¬
tion, its presence as a symptom is not necessary.
Case I. M. S., aged forty-three, farmer. Indigestion of several
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1880. J
Is'otes on Lycopodium.
495
years duration. Sour stomach, sour eructations, burning in epigas¬
trium ; bloating of stomach and abdomen; very unpleasant feeling
of fullness, more especially after eating; good appetite, but a few
mouthfuls sufficed to dll him to repletion; no constipation, bowels
somewhat inclined to be loose, yet not amounting to a diarrhoea.
Taking as a characteristic the peculiar feeling of fullness even after
eating ever so little, I gave him one dose of Lycopodium 200, and a
box of unmedicated pellets to be taken at regular intervals. The
result was that he was better the next day, and was very soon
entirely relieved of his troublesome symptoms, which did not return
for several months, if at all. He had no other medicine, and no
change was made in his diet or manner of living.
Case II. Mrs. C., aged thirty, pregnant six months. Dyspepsia
and constipation, constantly for several months. Without being
able to get a better description of the case than this, 1 sent Nux 8x,
which was of no benefit. The patient coming to see me about a
week later, I found the following symptoms: Acidity of the stomach,
sour eructations, heartburn, constant bloating; could eat but little at
a time because she had not room; constipation, a dry, hard, and
difficult 8tool every four or five days; considerable debility. Lyco¬
podium soon removed the constipation, and improved the general
condition, but the distension remained as bad as ever. Carbo veg. 30
was next given, and promptly and effectually removed the bloating
and the acidity of the stomach.
Why was it that Lycopodium , although able to cure the constipa¬
tion, failed to relieve the distension, while Carbo veg. very promptly
removed it V Right here these two remedies very nearly approach
each other, and how are we to distinguish between them in such
cases ? According to Hughes, the flatulence of Carbo veg. is chiefly
epigastric, while that of Lycopodium is mostly within the intestines.
This difference no doubt exists to a considerable extent at least, but
in this case the pregnant condition made it difficult to make that dis¬
tinction. I would mention another difference, and that is, that while
the flatulence of Carbo veq. is attended with many eructations, and
the emission of large quantities of flatus, in Lycopodium , although
we may have some eructations, the intestinal flatulence is, as a rule,
incarcerated.
In chronic cystitis, although not one of the most frequently indi¬
cated remedies, yet Lycopodium has its place to fill, and should not
be forgotten. Among its symptoms are: Cutting and burning in
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496
Notes on Lycopodium.
[June 15,
the urethra, during and after micturition; frequent desire to urinate;
ineffectual urging with bearing down feeling; urine dark , with red¬
dish sediment; urine contains much mucus; urine turbid, as mingled
with brickdu8t; red or reddish yellow sand in the urine ; urine burning
hot.
Case III. S. E., aged forty-three, merchant, unmarried. Inflam¬
mation of the base and neck of the bladder for one year. First
treated Allopathically. Urine nearly normal as to quantity, but
somewhat turbid, with reddish-yellow sediment after standing; no
albumen ; at times a good deal of mucus was passed at the close of
urination, and sometimes also a little blood; frequent urination,
accompanied and followed by burning pain in the urethra; constant
sensation of weight in the bladder; during the last ten days, consti¬
pation with slight degree of flatulence. Various remedies had been
used with but partial relief. Having observed that during the last
few days there was marked aggravation of all the urinary symptoms
at 4 o’clock p. m., and for two or three hours thereafter, I gave Lyco¬
podium 6th and 200 in alternation, which was followed by prompt
improvement in the urinary symptoms, but after five days the con¬
stipation still remained unchanged, and there had been no improve¬
ment in the other difficulty in the last two days. Still thinking that
I had the right remedy, I gave Lycopodium 30, to be taken every few
hours. This removed the constipation at once, and the urinary
symptoms were almost entirely relieved in two or three days, nothing
remaining but a slight sense of weight. At this point the patient
left the city and I have not seen him since.
Lycopodium has also been found useful in chronic diseases of the
respiratory organs, where there are dryness of the trachea with
hoarseness; night cough affecting the stomach and diaphragm,
mostly before sunset; tickling cough as from sulphur fumes in the
larynx; expectoration yellowish and purulent, or grayish and tasting
of salt; shortness of breath ; difficult respiration ; dyspnoea as if the
chest Were constricted by cramp; great oppression of the chest as if
too full, or with feeling of internal soreness; fan-like motion of the
alee nasi.
Case IV. Mary O’B., aged six years, had had whooping cough for
several weeks. Considerable dullness over lower part of right lung,
cough so violent and persistent as almost to produce suffocation;
expectoration moderate in quantity and grayish-yellow in color;
rapid and panting respiration; fan-like motion of the alee nasi very
Digitized by ^ooQie
1880.J
Medical News .
497
very marked; patient very, weak, not able to be out of bed, and
greatly emaciated. Taking the fan-like motion as characteristic.
Lycopodium 30 was prescribed. The little patient began to rally at
once and was soon out of danger.
Among the other diseases in the treatment of which this remedy
is sometimes useful, are some cases of pericarditis and pleuritis,
where the serous effusion shows a disposition to remain, general
dropsy, and rheumatic affections. The affections in which it is most
frequently required are chronic, and are accompanied by more or less
debility. Grand characteristics: The so-called liver spots; consti¬
pation with incarcerated flatulence in the intestines; groat feeling of
fullness even after eating a little; fan-like motion of the al® nasi;
sensation as of a coal of Are between the scapul®; the four o’clock
aggravation.
Medical News.
Removed.— Dr. J. I. C. Meade from Tunnel City to Taylor, Wis.
Dysmenorrhoea is of rare occurrence at sea.— Boston Med. Journal.
O. W. Palmer , M. 2>., has been elected City Physician of Spring-
field.
Paper lint is a substitute for the patent lint, is only half as expen¬
sive, and is more absorbent.
Homoeopathic Medical Society.— Semi-annual meeting in Brooklyn,
September 7th and 8th, 1880. Notice of the place of the semi-annual
meeting and of the other arrangements will be given hereafter.
H. L. Waldo, Recording Sec’y.
Dr. Piercers Favorite Prescription is made as follows: Savin tops,
10 grammes; Larch aqaric and Cinnamon , each 5 grammes; China
jaen (Ash cinchona bark) 10 grammes; boil with sufficient water to
make 220 grammes when strained. Dissolve in the filtrate Gum
arabic, 10 grammes; White sugar , 5 grammes; tinct. Digitalis and
Laudanum each 2 grammes; Star anise oil , 8 drops; 90 per cent. Alco¬
hol, 45 grammes.
The Western .Academy meeting at Minneapolis was a boom for
Homoeopathy in the Northwest. There was a good attendance, excel¬
lent papers and lively discussions. Th'e levee held by the Ophthalmic
Bureau, and the public meeeting, address and reception made an
impression that will be lasting for good. The officers elected are :
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498
Medical News .
[Junk 15.
C. H. Vilas, M. D., Chicago, President: E. M. McAffee, M. D., Clin¬
ton, A. E. Higbee, M. D., Minneapolis, M. B. Pearman, M. D.»
Vice-Presidents ; C. H. Goodman, M. D., St. Louis, R. L. Hill, M.
D. , Dubuque, Secretaries. The next meeting will be held in the
metropolis of the Northwest, Chicago, in separate session, then it is
understood that the meeting of 1882 will convene in Denver.
Homoeopathy in Iowa .—Homoeopathy is making rapid progress in
Marshall and adjoining counties, having fully doubled the number of
physicians during the three years just past, all of whom are having
successful practice. In order to better promote the advancement of
medical science according to the laws and principles of “similia
similibus curantur,” and also for better acquaintance a meeting is
called at Marshaltown, Thursday, July 8,1880, for organization of a
permanent local society, which shall have quarterly or half yearly
sessions of one day as is thought best. Such societies have been
formed at Cedar Rapids and Waterloo, and are doing much to
strengthen and popularize Homoeopathic practice. It is decided that
there be a few medical and surgical clinics on the day of meeting,
and that all members bring such patients as they can or wish. Profs*
Cowperthwaite and Rockey of the University College, promise to be
present at our first meeting. * * * *
L. E. B. Holt.
J. M. Thornton,
G. W. Williams,
Marshalltown.
Diseases of Women, by R . Ludlam, M . D. —Fifth edition, revised,
enlarged by the addition of one hundred and fifty clinical cases, and
profusely illustrated. The volume has been enriched by the addition
of a large quantity of new matter, by notes of many interesting
cases, by a much more abundant reference to the materia medica,and
by the fruits of a riper experience in the therapeutics of uterine dis¬
ease. It will also contain the most practical instruction that Prof. L.
can afford as an ovariotomist, and an operator in the department of
gynecological surgery in which he is so well known. Twenty years
of successful teaching, and thirty of practice as a specialist, and an
abundant experience as a lecturer and a thinker are sufficient guaran¬
tee, if any were needed, that the author will not permit this book to
lose its old prestige , but that it will be as new and as acceptable to the
profession in this new form as it was when it was first issued nine
years ago. This edition has been prepared with the greatest care and
conscientiousness, not for the mere purpose of making a book, but
with the desire and intention that its excellent reputation shall not
diminish but shall increase and extend from year to year. Prof. Lud-
lam’s Clinics and Special Courses on Gynaecology, which have beeu so
popular with so many hundreds of pupils and practitioners, will be
reproduced in this edition. It will be a new book. The cuts will show
the best instruments, and the text will tell when, why and how to use
them.
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