A new translation with notes, of the third satire of Juvenal [microform] : to which are added, miscellaneous poems, original and translated

m .

HENRY

/ViEMOEEAM

U. BRANDENSTEIN

THIRD SATIRE

OF
JUVENAL.

NEW TRANSLATION

WITH NOTES,

OF

THE THIRD SATIRE

Of

JUVENAL.

,Y

TO WHICH ARE ADDED,

MISCELLANEOUS POEMS.

ORIGINAL AND TRANSLATED.

NEW-YORK : — PRINTED FOR E. SARCEANT, NO 39 WALL-
SIRET, OPPOSITE THE UNITED-STATES EANK.

1806.

UEMORfAD

, >

-t,'

CONTENTS.

Letter to the Author from a Jpiend . . . page vii.
Third Satire of Juvenal ............. 5

Notes on the Satire ............... 65

Lines addreiTed to .Mifs ***** ****** .... ioi

- to the memory of Cov/per ........ 10'*

- addrefled to the fafhionable part of my
young countrywomen ........... 106

---- young ladies who attended

Mr. Chilton's lectures ........... Ill

— — On Cowper ............... HQ

- - Written in November, 180.5 ....... 119

Verfes addrefied to a young lady, &c ..... 122

Lines to Petrofa . . . „ -

331
Anacreon, Ode xxxvn f ........... 133

vi CONTENTS.

Imitation of Anacreon's thirty-feventh Ode . . . 1S5

Anacreon Ode xxxix 137

Tranfhtion of a Chorus in the Prometheus of

^Efchylus 139

War Song from the Greek of Tyrtseus 142

Ode from the Spanifh 14-5

Tranflations from the " Jerufalem Delivered" . 14-8

Sonnet from Petrarch 158

II. From the fame 160

III. To Mifs 162

IV. To the fame 163

V 164

VI 165

VII. To William Cobbett, Efq 166

VIII i68

.££ 169

Tranflation of Cowper's Votum 170

Imitation of fome Stanzas of Lorenzo de Medici l7l

Triumph of Woman 173.

Concluding Sonnet , 191

LETTER FROM A FRIEND.

MY DEAR FRIEND,

When you imparted to me your defign of publifh-
ing a volume of poems, it occurred to my mind that
the ftyle of your poetry would not be conformable to
the poetical tafle which appears to be now prevalent.
In confequence of this thought, I fuggefted to you
the expediency of prefixing to your book a few pre
liminary reflections upon the condition of American
poetry; by which it might appear that you were con-
fcious of your departure from the ufual track of your
poetical brethren ; and that although you tranfgrefied
the American laws of verfe, your conduct did not pro
ceed from a contempt for all pofitive regulations, but for
fuch only as contravene the everlailing laws of reafon.
Although you were fenfible of the propriety of fuch
an introduction to your mifcellany, you complained
that a want of leifure prevented you from executing
the dcfign, and requefted me to undertake the per-

Vlll LETTER FROM A FRIEND*

formance in your ftead. It would be affectation to
detain you with proteftations of the unwillingnefs and
diffidence with which I at length entered upon the
talk. With regard to inclination ; I was prompted
to comply with your requefl, not only by the defire
of ferving a friend, but by the hope of lending fome
affiftance towards checking an increafmg evil. And
as to my want of ability to perform the talk enjoin
ed ; I was encouraged to hope that the feeblenefs
of my powers would be in fome meafure compenfa-
ted by the goodnefs of my caufe.

I originally intended to notice in a curfory man
ner the principal productions of our American mufc,
and to point out the leading features in each. But
when I was preparing to execute my plan, two con-
fiderations arofe to prevent me from proceeding in the
manner propofed ; the firft was, that almoft all the
productions which compofed our body poetic, bore
fo flrong a family likenefs to one another, that it
would be an unprofitable wafle of time to enter in
to a particular defcription of each individual. The
fecond preventing confideration was, that many of the
mod refpectable productions had long fince.been dead,
and that it would bear the appearance of irreverent
malignity to call up from their reft thofe who had
fo long been buried in oblivion. The conqu.eft cf
Canaan, Greenfield Hill, MTingal, The Vifion of

LETTER FROM A FRIEND. IX

Columbus, The Progrefs of Genius, and others which
might be cited, lived very harmlefsly, and fuffercd
little injury ; they offended no one, and no pcrfon felt
difpofed to offer violence to them ; and as they lived
peaceably, fo they died quietly. Let us not therefore
prefume to trouble their repofe. One general charac
ter appears to be flampt upon almofl all American po
etical productions, they feem to be the offspring of
minds faintly glowing with the fire of genius, and
unprovided with large ftores of wifdom acquired by
literary refearch or extend ve obfervation of mankind*
Nor ihould it be a fubject of any furprife, that our
country has rifcn to no great eminence in poetry •, the
vaft field for productive induftry which is open to the
great body of the community, prevents much attention
even to the mod ufeful learning *, no wonder therefore
that the ornamental parts of literature are neglected.
The grandeur of all die natural objects which meet
the eye in our country is certainly favourable to the
poetic emotions of an ardent mind ; and no doubt,
had the indications of poetic genius, which mufl have
appeared on various occafions among us, met with as
generous encouragement as has been beftowed upon
the genius for painting which fome of our country
men have difplayed, America would have been as
much diftinguifhed by the eminence of her poets- t"S
«tf her painters.

X LETTER FROM A FRIEND.

But though I feel fo much deference for the Fathers
of American poetry ; far different are the emotions
which are excited in my bread by a modern fet of min-
ftrels who are now thrumming their ill-tuned harps,
and pouring forth their unmeaning ftrains among us,
with increafmg applaufe. The tafle of our city in par
ticular appears to be growing every day more vitiated
with regard to poetry •, thofe verfes are here moft likely
to gain admiration which approach nearefl to the ftyle
of Delia Crufca and Anna Matilda, if we except thofe
which fome occafional circumftance renders interefting
to the public. There is a difficulty attending every at
tempt to criticife thefe late productions, of the fame
nature with that which prevents the demonftration of
an axiom ; they are fo felf-evidently bad that one is at
a lofs for more evident data by the aid of which their
badnefs may be proved. Yet effufions of this kind,
of various lengths, are daily heard and publicly ap
plauded. To illuftrate what has been aflerted, I will
adduce two or three examples of the poetry in queftion,
which have received the highefl encomiums ; and
notwithftanding the difficulty of preventing them from
eluding, like water, the critical grafp, I will en
deavour to examine their boafted beauties, and fet
forth their true merits.

There appeared a poem fome time ago, called " The
Power of Solitude," which has patted through two edi-

LETTER FROM A FRIEND. tf

tions, which was highly extolled in one of our public
prints, for feveral days fucceflively ; and which had a
tolerably extenfive fa!e in our city. The firft part be
gins in this drain :

" O'er the dim glen when autumn's dewy ray

Sheds the mild luflres of retiring day,

While fcarcc the breeze with whifpering murmur

flows

To hymn its dirge at evening's placid clofe :
When awful filence holds her fullcn reign,
And moonlight fparkles on the dimpled main }
Or thro' fome ancient, folitary tower
Difport loofe fhadows at the midnight hour :
Whence flows the charm thefe hallowed fcencs

impart,

To warm the fancy, and affect the heart ?
Why fwells the breaft, alive at every pore,
With throbs unknown, and pains unfelt before ?
Why turns the rcfllefs glance on every fide
In gmteful gloom, or melancholy pride ?
Touched by quick SYMPATHY'S myfterious fpring,
Thought's airy fpritcs in mazy circles wing,
O.i the fine nerves imprcfs a trembling thrill.
And move obedient to the wakeful will,
Till memory's trains in fwift fucceflion rife,
And round RETIREMENT blend harmonic dyes."
There are many readers of poetry who, if the vei fes

&li LETTER FROM A FRIEND.

be well tuned, and the expreffions glowing, pay no
regard whatever to the general fcope of the poem •, if
they can underftand a fentence, or half a fentence>
here and there, they deem this as much as is com-*
monly neceflary in order to relifh the beauties of verfe.
For perfons who thus enjoy the harmony of numbers,
it may be queftioned whether a more exquifite morfel
than this which I have felected could be chofen from
the whole compafs of Englifh poetry. We have here
" Autumn's dewy ray"; " The breeze with whifpering
murmur flowing to hymti its dirge" \ " Moonlight fpark-
ling on the dimpled main"; and other poetic ornaments
in profufion •, and all running into each other with the
greateft harmony of verification. But there are fome
who pretend to a tafte for poetry, who have heard
that no compofition, whether profe or verfe, can be
good which is devoid of meaning; thefe perfons, though
they j udge, very frequently, in the fame manner with
thofe mentioned before, would be much offended if
they were fufpected of not comprehending what they
admire. To fuch admirers of "The Power of Solitude1'
the following remarks upon the pafTage here quoted
are addrefled.

The Poet begins by afking fome queftions, to
which he prudently gives an anfwer himfelf ; for I
am certain it would have puzzled Apollo and the nine
Mufes to have hit upqn an anfwer refembling it. He

LETTER FROM A FRIEND. Xlli

demands why, when autumn's dewy ray (heds the
mild luftre of retiring day ; when awful filence holds
her fullen reign •, when loofe fliadows difport at the
midnight hour ; why, when thefe fcenes are prefent,
the bread swells alive at every pore, with throbs un
known, and pains unfelt before ? The answer is,
" Touched by quirk SYMPATHY'S myfterious fpring,
Thought's airy fprites in mazy circles wing,
On the fine nerves imprefs a trembling thrill,"
In other words, it is fympathy which caufes thought's ai~
ry fprites to fly in mazy circles, and to imprefs the nerves
with a trembling thrill. Now let us afk in turn, with
what thefe fprites of thought fympathize ? There muft
either be fomething which the poet has not revealed
with which they fympathize ; or it muft be with fome
of the objects or fcenes which are defcribed as warm
ing the fancy and fwelling the bread. That is, the
fprites of thought fympathize with a " dewy ray," or
a « whifpering murmur," or with " moonlight fpark-
ling on the dimpled dream -," a rational mind fympa-
thizes with the appearances of inanimate nature. This
fympathy muft indeed be produced by a " myfterious
fpring," which I believe the penetration of no mortal,
before our poet, ever difcovered. But thefe thoughts
after being fet in motion by fympathy, — " move obe
dient to the wakeful will ;" fympathy, therefore, ha$
no more to do than to give the firft fpring to thefe

Xiif LfeTTfeR FROM A FRIEND.

thoughts, and then they are left to the control of the
will. The thoughts of the human mind are not very
obedient to the will at any time, as the generality of
mankind can with forrow teftify j it is certainly
ftrange then that the thoughts of a perfon in fuch a fit-
nation as our poet defcribes can be obedient to his
will, while the hrpsft is fwplling, and alive at every
pore, with throbs unknown and pains unfelt before.
This fcene of mental diforder continues,

« 'Till memory's trains in fwift fucceflion rife,
And round RETIREMENT blend harmonic dyes/'
It would feem from thefe two laft lines, that our au
thor does not confider the trains of memory as belong,
ing to the airy and giddy fprites of thought ; fince
they blend their dyes round retirement in fo harmoni
ous and orderly a manner. This remark, however,
may be hypercritical.

The meaning which our author intended to convey
was probably this $ at the prefence of fuch fcenes as
are defcribed in the beginning of the poem, the heart
is moved with unufual fenfations ; confufed ideas arife,
which agitate jthe mind ; and laftly the furrounding
objects call to remembrance fome former circumftarb-
ces connected with them, upon which the mind repo-
fes in placid reflection. The obfcurity of a paflage
may arife from the very nature of its fubject, or from
ihe length and involution of its periods j both whidj

LETTLR FROM A IRIEND. IV

caufes of obfcurity fhould in poetry be avoided as
much as poflible ; but if a paflage, -whether the ex-
preffions be underftood in their literal acceptation, or
in the utmoft latitude which figurative language \v ill
permit, be utterly inexplicable by any other method
than conjecture, it certainly does not deferve the name
of poetry ; unlefs, as fome people imagine, fenfe is
not a neceflary ingredient in the compofitions of a poet.
As the chief object in reviewing the above quotation
was to point out its obfcurity, many inferior criticifms
have been neglected. We ought not however to pafs
over without animadverfion the crouds of epithets ;
the affected expreiBons, fuch as "To hymn its dirge",
the refllefs glance which turns on every fide " with
melancholy pride," and others -, and the licentious
exuberance of ornament with which the paflTage upon
which we have been commenting, and all the remain
der of the poem abound. But thefe are the beauties
which charm the prevailing tafte, and without which
a new production is in great hazard of meeting with
public difapprobation or neglect. The above paflage
has been chofen as the fubject of remark, becaufe up
on it the author appears to have bellowed the utmoft
efforts of his genius. I will clofe thefe obfervations
upon the " Power of Solitude," by requefting, that
fome one of thofe v,ho admire and underftand this
poem, will gratify the lefs difcerning part of die com-

B

XVI LEITER FROM A FRIEND,

munity, with an explanation of the fubjoined "
cation to the Spirits of the lighter Gothic Mythology."
" Aerial JUves, who fondly hovering round.
On filver fandals print hiftoric ground,
Who oft with witching mufic charmed his ears,
Danced in his fmiles, and ambufhed in his tears.
As grief or joy their tints alternate fprcad,
In floating vifions round your Darwin's head ;
Aerial Elves, at Oberon's golden lance,
"Who form in myftic ring the fairy dance,
Or, carrcd on meteors, thro the mazy night
In frolic circles wheel your amorous flight,
O'er the foft lips of artlefs beauty creep,
And paint ilrange fancies on the lover's fleep ;
Wind fweet your bugle horns, and fwiftly call
Memory's wild fpirits from the wizard's hall,
Bid them the fcenes of ancient worth reftore,
Chant glory's deathlefs deeds in epic lore.
With fportive fingers trill the Jiarp of time,
And wake reflection by theii powers fublime,
. Till raptured wifdom hear the facred lay,
And own meek SOLITUDE'S impreflive fway."
But light fugitive poems are those which at present
er.gage the generality of readers. From the multi
tude of these insect products of genius with which
our prefles swarm, I will select one which I believe
has excited more admiration than most of the ephem-

LETTER FROM A FRIEND. XV A

eral tribe. It was introduced to the public in Phila
delphia, accompanied with the following encomiums •,
" The very elegant verses of " Lodinus " to the fair
" invalid, difplay the mofl foothing tendernefs, and ma-
" ny a poetical beauty. They are entitled to the atter.-
" tion not only of the lady, who is fo highly greeted,
" but of men of tafte and fenfibility." Thefe verfe^
were reprinted in New- York, and their praifes public
ly re-echoed. The following are the verfes alluded to.
" On a beautiful young lady, whofe health was
impaired by the ague and fever.

" Dark minifter of many woes !
That lov'ft the fad viciditude of pain;
Now fhiv'ring mid antarctic fnows,
Now a faint pilgrim on Medina's plain —
Say can no form, lefs fair, thy view engage ?
Muft feeble lovelinefs exhauft thy rage ?
Oh ! mark the fah'ring ftep the languid eye,
And all the anguiih of her burning figh.
See the faintly ftruggling fmile ;
See refignation's tear, the while !
So to the axe the martyr bends his form ;
So bends the lovely lily to the dorm.
Still, though, fweet maid ! thy yielding bloom decays,
And faint, the waning tide of rapture drays ;
Oh may'ft thou fcape Grief's more envenom'd fmarr,
Nor ever know the ague of the heart i

XX LETTER FROM A FRIEND.

This " ague of the heart," by what follows, muft
be a diforder by which the heart is apt to be broken ;

" For, rifmg from the fun-bright plain,

The bended lily blooms again ;

But ah ! what life-imparting power

Can 'eer revive the broken flower ?"
It is common to hear of warm hearts, and of cold
hearts •, and we have heard of hearts burft with an-
guifh ; but, I believe, it was never before discovered
that a heart might perifh in a fit of the ague ; on the
contrary, it is ufually fuppofed that thefe cold hearts
are lead liable to fuffer violence.

Such are the productions which are held up for ad
miration 5 in which fcarcely a fentence can be found
which does not contain an abfurdity. But if antarctic
fnows," and " burning fighs," and " ftruggling
f miles," and " tides of rapture," and " fun-bright
plains," and " life-imparting powers," are charms
too powerful to permit an ordinary reader to perceive
the greateft defects. The metaphyfical poets, as they
are called, who flouriflied in England at the beginning
of the ferenteenth century, continually violated the
dictates of nature, and neglected the^harmony of their
verification, in the eagernefs of their fearch after
flrange turns of thought, and fubtle diftin&ions.
Thefe writers, though they could not claim the merit
of foothing the ear, of pleafmg the imagination,

LETTER FROM A FRIEND!

or of affe&ing the heart, at lead exercifed the under-
(landing. But the fafliionable rhymers of the prefent
day in America, feem to beftow no thought upon
any thing befides the mere drefs of their verfes ; if
they can procure from the wardrobe of poefy a fuffi-
cient fupply of dazzling ornaments, wherewith to
deck their intellectual offspring, they are utterly re-
gardlefs whether the body of fenfe which thefe deco
rations arc properly defigned to render attractive, be
worthy of attention j or whether it be mean and dif-
torted, and in ^danger of being overwhelmed by the
profufion of its ornaments. There are fafliionable
verfes of another kind which deferve notice, for faults
of greater importance than foppery of decoration, or
want of meaning. The verfes of this fpecies allure,
not by the gaudinefs, but by the lafcivioufnefs of their
drefs. To the admirers and imitators of Moore, the
Tranflator of Anacreon, who treat fo contemptuoufly
all who prefume to cenfure their indelicacy, I would
recommend the following paffage from an ingenious
writer, on the rife and progrefs of poetry.* " To
return, therefore, to the decaying ftate of the poetic
and mufical arts in ancient Rome : — As manners and
principles grew more profligate, along with the inor
dinate growing power and luxury of the empire ; fo

* Dr. Brwn.

XXli LETTER FROM A FRIENttf

the genius of the poetic and muftcal arts kept"pace witfe
them. We hear little of their being applied to the
education of ytuth, in any period of ancient Rome.
On the contrary ; poemy which in the days of ancient
Greece had been the handmaid of virtue, was now
declared to be the bawd of licentioufnefs ; and to write
immodeft verfes was held a blamelefs practice. Thus
the art funk fo low, that the name of poet was held
unworthy a man of age or dignity"

But, after all, it may be faid, why think fo ferioufly
of the influence which nonfenfical and immodefl ver
fes may have upon the community, while there are
already fubjects of cenfure fo much more important*
and fo much farther extended than any which can
ever be produced by a depraved tafte in poetry ? I
might offer an abftrufe argument to prove the advan
tages which would perhaps refult from the prevalence
of a tafte too pure to bear poetry, which tends, not to
moral, but merely to intellectual depravity. It might
be faid, that as fome logicians- imagine all truths ca
pable of being deduced by a circuitous operation from
any one truth, fo^the mind by acquiring any one vir-<
fue, be it merely a rational excellence, becomes better4
fitted to receive all other virtues. There is however1
too much fubtility in fuch reafoning, where .practical
inferences are to be deduced. With regard to the
moral impurity of the verfes in cjueftion, their irr.

LETTER FROM A FRIEND.

cliatc as well as their remote effe&s being injurious,
and the (mailed evil being capable of becoming great
in extent at leail, it is manifeft that thefe verfes are
not unworthy of animadverfion.

But to fpeak lefsabftractly, it is certainly as reafonable
for thofe who feel an intereft in literature, to be de-
firous of the mental improvement of thtir countrymen,
as it is for the politician to be proud of the conftitu-
tion of this country, and for the merchant to exult in
her extenfive commerce. And while we are making
advances towards perfection in all exterior accomplim-
ments, and encouraging a tafle for the fine arts ; we
fiiould be careful not to incur the imputation of cul-
t.vating thefe external graces at the expenfe of that
care which would have been more profitably beftowed
upon the improvement of our intellectual powers.

Another reafon which mould induce every true
lover of poetry to oppofe the prevailing corruption of
tafte, which,) from "what I can learn, is continually
encrcafing, is the contempt which fuch productions
as thofe under confideration, eventually excite in the
minds of men for the whole race of poets.

In the early ages of fociety, the characters of poet
and mufician were united ; and the bard enjoyed hon
ors nearly as great as thofe conferred on the fupreme
magiflrate. In procefs of time, the poet and the mu
fician became feparate characters, The mufician was

XXVi LETTER FROM A FRIEKD.

be addrefled, the feeling intended to be excited be one
of which human nature is fufceptible j that if an im
age be prefented to the imagination, its form be diftin-
guifhable ; and that if reafon be called upon, fome-
thing be exprefled which the mind can comprehend.

THE THIRD SATIRE

OF

JUVENAL.

ARGUMENT.

Umbritius, an Arufpex, and a friend of our author,
difgufted at the prevalence of vice, and the total dif-
regard of needy and unafluming virtue, is introduced
on the point of quitting Rome. The poet accompa
nies him fome little way from the city, when the hon-
eft exile, no longer able to fupprefs his indignation,
ftops fhort, and in a ftrain of animated invective, ac
quaints him with the caufes of his retirement.

This fatire is managed with wonderful ingenuity,
the way by which Juvenal conducts his friend out of
the city, is calculated to raife a thoufand tender ima
ges in his mind •, and when after lingering a moment
at the gate, Umbritius ftops to look at it for the laft
time, in a fpot endeared by religion, covered with
the venerable relics of antiquity, and in itfelf eminently
beautiful ; we are tempted to liften with uncommon
attention to the farewell of the folitary fugitive.

ARGUMENT.

tVhat he fays may be arranged under the following
heads, that flattery and vice are the only thriving arts
at Rome ; that in thefe, particularly the firfl, foreign
ers have a manifcft fuperiority over the natives, and
confcquently engrofs all favor ; that the poor are uni-
verfally expofod to fcorn and infult j that the general
habits of extravagance render it difficult for them to
fubfift, and that a crowded capital fubjects them to
numberlefs inconveniences unknown in the country
(on the tranquility and fccurity of which he feelingly
dictates) •, he then adverts again to the peculiar fuffer-
ings of the poorer citizens, from the want of a well
regulated police ; thefe he illuftratts by a variety of
examples, and concludes in a ftriin of pathos and
beauty, which winds up the whole with fingular

effect.

Glford.

D. J. JUVENALIS

BATTRA III. v. 1—8.

QUAMVIS digrefiu veteris confufus amici>
Laudo tamen vacuis quod fedem figere Cumis
Deflinet, atque unum civem donare Sibyllse.
Janua Baiarum eft, et gratum littus, amami
Seceffus : ego vel Prochytam prsepono Saburrse.
Nam quid tarn miferum, et tarn folunt vidimus, ut non
Detenus credas horrere incendia, lapfus
Tectorum afliduos, ac mille pericula fsevae

THE THIRD SATIRE
OF JUVENAL, v. 1—12.

THO' griev'd to lofe my firm and ancient friend,
I praife his purpofe and his choice commend,
At lonely Cum:r, fix'd to place his feat,
And with one citizen the Sybil greet.*
To Baia; Curmc leads ; her flighted coaffc
Of many a f\veet and cool recefs can boaft ;
Tho', fooner would I make fome rock my home,
Than dwell amidft the crowds and noifc of Rome.
Can gloom or defert more alarm the mind,
Than all the terrors of the town combin'd ?
When flames wide-wafting burft and blaze around,
And houfes, ceafclefs falling, (hake the ground ?

* There was a temple at Cumsy dedicated to the Sybil.
C 2

D. J. JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V. 9 — 20.

Urbis, et Augufto recitanteis menfe poetas ?
Sed dum tota domus rheda componitur una,
Subflitit ad veteres arcus, madidamque Capenanv
Hie, ubi nocturnae Numa conftituebat amicae.
Nunc facri fontis nemus, et delubra locantur
Judaeis, quorura cophinus faenumque fuppellex*
Omnis enim populo mercedem pendere jufla eft
Arbor, et ejectis mendicat fylva Camaenis..
In vallem Egeriae defcendimus, et fpeluncas
Diffimiles veris ; quanto praeftantius eflet
Numen aquae, viridi fi margine clauderet undas
Herba^ nee ingenuum violai»ent inarmora toplium ?.

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 13~28.

And, while the dog-ftar glows with baleful light,

Where raving poets feize you and recite ?

Now ftopt my friend, when juft without the wall,

To wait the cart that brought his little all,

Where ancient trees diffufe a facred fhade,

And Numa nightly met th' Egerian maid ;

But now a miferable wand'ring train

PofTefs the fount, and confecrated fane ;

And fince the grove is let to fordid hire,

The mufes all indignantly retire.

Next, to Egeria's vale we flow defcend,

And mark the grots which art has drove to mend ;.

How vain her efforts— fure the nymph would feem

Far, far more prefcnt, if her gurgling dream

The frefh and verdant turf confin'd alone,

Nor marble dar'd pollute the native (lone..

D. J» JUVENAUS SATYRA III. V. 21 — -29,

Hie tune Umbricius quando artibus inqult honeftis
Nullus in urbe locus, nulla emolumenta laborum,
Res hodie minor eft here quam fuit, atque eadem eras
Deteret exiguis aliquid ; proponimus illuc
Ire, fatigatas ubi Daedalus exuit alas ;
Dum nova canities, dum prima, et recta fenectus>
Dum fupereft Lachefi quod torqueat, et pedibus me
Porto meis, nullo dextram subeunte bacillo.
Cedamus patria ; vivant Arturius- iftic ^

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 29 — 44.

Umbritius then (while forrow fwell'd my bread)
His rage and grief in manly drain expreft —
Since then my friend within this city's bound,
No room for honorable arts is found ;
Since dill I labour on without reward,
And none my merits or my toil regard •,
Whilft all my pittance gradual melts away,
Tomorrow lefs'ning what remains today ;
From vice and Rome I fly to that lone fliore,
Where wearied D^dalus his flight gave o'et.
While age not yet has filver'd o'er my head,
Not yet all traces of my youth are fled •,
While health and vigour dill my veins fupply,
And on no daff my dcady deps rely ;
Farewell to Rome — let thofe at Rome remain,
That vile, deceitful, mercenary train

10 D. J. J-UVENALIS SATYRA III. V. SO — 40.

Et Catulus : maneant qui nigrum in Candida vertuntj
Oueis facile eil redem conducere flumina, portus,
Siccandam eluviem, portandum ad bufta cadaver*
Et prabere caput domina venale fub hafta.
Quondam hi cornicines> et municipalis arenae
Perpetui comites, notaeque per opplila buccae,
Mimera nunc edunt, et verfo pollice vulgi
Quemlibet occidunt populariter : inde reverfi
Conducunt foricas : et cur non omnia ? cum fint
. ' Ouales ex humili magna ad faftigia rerum

Extollit, quoties voluit fortuna, jocari.

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 45 — 60. 11

Who praife or flander, flatter or attack,
And change the black to white, the white to black,
With equal eafe — Arturius thou remain ;
And ye who bear the dead, the kennels drain,
Farm rivers, ports, build temples, auctions hold,
Fame, honor, confcience, throw away for gold.
Thefe once were trumpeters, and gain'd renown
For ftrength of lungs, thro' ev'ry county town —
But now grown rich, die populace they court
By giving {hews, and murd'ring men for fport ;
From thefe returned, again their av'rice wakes,
Again the kennel drains, or farms again the jakes.
" * And why not every thing ? fmce thefe are they",
Whom fortune vifits with her brightefl ray 5
Are fuch, as in her wild and fportive mood,
She joys to raife above the wife and good.

*Gifford.

12 D. J. JU-VENALIS SATYRA 111. V, 41—48,

Quid Romae faciam ? mentiri nefcio : librum
Si malus eft nequeo laudare, et pofcere : motu«
Aftrorum ignore : funus promitere patris
Nee volo, nee pofluni : ranarum viscera nunquam
Infpexi : ferre ad nuptam quae mittit adulter,
Quae mandat, norunt alii : me nemo miniftro
Fur erit, atque ideo nulli comes exeo, tanquam
Mancus, et extinctae corpus non utile dextrae.

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 61 78. It

What fliould I do at Rome ? I cannot lie,
Nor laugh with folly, nor with vice comply ;
I cannot, if a book be bad, admire,
And, while I nod, extol the poet's fire ;
I ne'er have learnt the virtues of the toad ;
Nor know I what the rolling ftars forbode j
Tho' others may, I neither can nor will
Predict a father's death, nor boaft the (kill,
Th' adult'rers notes or prefents to convey,
*«* And bribe a matron's innocence away.**
(And tho' the world may deem my fcruples vain,)
No thief thro* me flagitious wealth mall gain ;
And hence I pafs my life in friendlefs gloom,
And walk unmark'd the crowded ftreets of Rome ;
But whilft the great my zeal and fervice (corn,
What virtues, say, the chofen friend adorn,
To whom they dare the (ecret foul reveal ?
The holy league, by mutual guilt, they feal ;

« *And bribe a virgin's innocence away".
D

14 D. J. JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V. 49 — 60.

Quis mine diligitur nisi confcius, etcui fervens

jEftuat occultis animus, femperque tacendis ?

Nil tibi fe debere putat, nil conferet unquam,

Participem qui te fecreti fecit honefti.

Carus erit Verri, qui Verrem tempore, quo vult,

Accufare poteft :' tanti tibi non fit opaci

Omnis arena Tagi, quodque in mare volvitur aurum,

TJt fomno careas, ponendaque pr^emia fumas

Triftis, et a m?gno Temper timearis amico,

Quir nunc divltibus gens acceptifiima noflris,

Et quos pruecipue fugiam, properabo fateri,

Nee pudor obftabit. Non poilum ferre Quirites,

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 79 9k 15

lie (hares the heart, in thefe polluted times,
Whofe confcience pants, with fecret, namelefs, crimes.
He owes you nothing, nor will e'er bcftow
"Who trufts a fecret 'tis no crime to know.
Him, who arraigns, when Verres felf thinks fit,
Will grateful Verres to his heart admit.
Not all the gold, that reds on Tagus' fliores,
Not all the gold, his dream in Ocean pours,
Should tempt thee to forego thy nightly reft,
(That boon unvalued of the guiklefs breafl)
And, whilftthy patron fears thce, truft thy Lte
To that feign' d love, which foon muft change to hate.
Mark now the wretches by the rich careft,
And whom, I freely own, I chief dctefl ;
I cannot bear (ye nobles fpare the frown)
Rome chang'd and funk into a Grecian town ^

16 D. J. JUVENALIS SATYRA 111. V. 61—74.

Grxcam urbem, quamvis quota portio facis Achaese ?
Jam pridem Syrus in Tiberim defluxit Orontes,
Et linguam, et mores et cum tibicine chordas
Obliquas, nee non gentilia tympana fecum
Vexit, et ad Circum juffas proftare puellas.
Ite, quibus grata eft picta lupa barbara mitraf
Rufticus ille tuus fumit trechedipna, Quirine,
Et ceromatico fert niceteria collo.
Hie alta Sicyone, aft hie Amydone relicta,
Hie Andro, illeSamo, hie Trallibus, aut Alabandis.
Efquilias, dictumque petunt a vimine collem,
Vifcera magnarum domuum, dominique futuri.
Irigenium velox, audacia perdita, fermo
Promptus, et Ifaeo torrentior : ede quid ilium

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 95-110 17

Yet fmall the portion is by Greece fupplied :

Orontes pours his vail and black'ning tide,

And whelms the Tiber, with his foreign waves :

His language, manners, minftrels, Itrumpets, flaves

He bears along. O Romulus behold -y

See foreign robes thy ruflic now infold ;

See ! on his naked neck, which oil befmears

The Circus prize, he now exulting wears.

From every Grecian town and Grecian more

In countlefs fwarms, the famifli'd natives pour ;

Rome, Rome, is fought by all the mingled band,

Who thick as locufts overfpread the land ;

Quick into palaces they work their way,

The minions firft, where foon as lords they fway,

Prompt, fluent, artful, treacherous and bold,

* No dangers daunt thorn and no ties can hold,

* No dangers daunt him, and no L:

JOHNSON' >fHu. wifhcs.

D -'

18 D. J, JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V. 75—84-.

EfTe putes ? quemvls hominem fecum attulit ad nos,
Grammaticus, rhetor, geometres, pictor, aliptes,
Augur, fchaenobates, medicus, magus ; omnia novit :
Gr^culus efuriens, in cselum, jufleris, ibit.
Ad fummam, non Maurus erat, nee Sarmata, nee Thrax,
Qui fumpfit pennas, mediis fed natus Athenis.
Horum ego non fugiam conchilia ? me prior ille
Signabit, fultus thoro meliore recumbet,
Advectus Romam, quo pruna et coctona, vento ?
Ufque adeo m'hil eft, quod noftra infantia cselum

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 1 1 1-126. 19

You fee this Greek ; fpeak, what (hall he become ?
Whoe'er you pleafe, is brought in him to Rome ;
Grammarian, Rhetor, Painter or Phyfician,
Carver, Cook, Aftronomer, Magician,
Hunger all arts and fcicnces beflows,
" *And bid him go to heav'n, to heav'n he goes ! "
Nor Moor, nor Gaul, nor Thracian was the wight,
Who thro* the fkies purfued his daring flight.
A Greek he was, in midft of Athens born.
What (hall I bear their ftate ? my honed fcorn
Mufl I fubciue ? (hall they who hither came
With prunes and rotten figs, now boaft their claim
To fign before me ; at the feftive board
Ufurp the couch that's neareft to the lord ?
And is it nothing, that my infant eye
Firft ope'd its lids upon a Roman Iky ?

* Drrfen.

20 D. J. JUVENAtlS SATYRA HIf V. 85-97,

Haufit Aventini, baccu nutrita Sabina ?''
Quid, quod adulandi gens prudentiflima laudat.
Sermonem indocti, faciem deformis amici,
Et longum invalidi collum cervicibus cequat
Herculis, Antcx;um procul a telluro tenentis ?'
Miratur vocem augultain, qua deterius nee.
Ille fonat, quo mordetur gallina marito.
Hue eadem licet et nobis laudare : fed illis
Creditur : an melior cum Thaida fuftinet, aut cum-
Uxorem comtcdus agit, vel Dorida nullo
Cultam paliiolo ? ir»ulier neinpe ipfa videtur,
Non perfona loqui : vacua et plana omnia dicas
Infra ventriculum, et tenui diftantia rima;

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 127-118. 21

And nothing, that beneath the Sabine (hade,
My childhood flouriuYd and exulting play'd ?
Profoundly fkill'd in flattery's potent art,
By well turn'd praife, they gain and keep the heart :
Extol the learning of the unlearn'd friend ;
The beauties of the gorgon face co.mncnd ;
The narrow neck and cheft, unbluftiing dare,
To all the ftveugth of Hercules coirpare ;
And at the fqueaking voice enraptur'd feem,
Whofe piercing tones furpafs the peacock's fcreanu
We too can flatter : True ; but who believes ?
\Vhat fcol fo ftupid, that our praife deceives ?
AVIiilil they, with cafe, aiTume each various psr t,
And, *11 diey fay, fccms infhnt from die heart.
The wife, the miftrefs or the undrefs'd fair,.
Behold they pcifonate ; cleceiv'd you fwear v
No actcr, but the woman's fclf is there. *

22 D. J. JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V» 98-111.

Nec tanien Antiochus, nee erit mirabilis iflic
Aut Strafocles, nut cum molli Demeirius Ho: mo.
Natio comoeda eft : rides ? majore cachinno
Concutitur : flet, fi lacrymas adfpexit amici.
Nec dolet : igniculum brumac fi tempore pofcas,
Accipit endromidem : fi dixeris, afluo^ fudat.
Non fumus ergo pares : melior qui Temper et omni
Nocte dieque poteit alienum fumere vultum *,
A facie jactare manus, laudare paratus,
Si bene ructavit fi rectum minxit amicus :
Si trulla inverfo crepitum dedit aurea fundo.
Pr&terea fanctum nihil eft, et ab inguine tutum :
Non matrona Laris, non filia vif go, neque ipfe
Sponfus levis adhuc, non filius ante pudicus.

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 114-159. '23

Yet here no mimes of note your \vonder raife,
And not a Greek but equal art difplays.
The patron laughs — a louder laugh replies :
He weeps — a torrent rufhes from their eyes :
Complains of heat — they fweat — demands a fire,
They fhiver, and their fliaggy cloaks require.
We quit the field : fuperior thefe we own,
Whofe hearts can never, by the face, be known,
Which fhifts at will, its well affum'd difguife,
And dill to fuit another's vifage, lief.
With thefe, we own, t'were madnefs to contend,
Who praife the coughing, or the belching friend,
At Folly's whims, their hands applauding raife,
Or on the freaks of Vice, with tranfport gaze.
Add, none are fafe from their infatiate luft,
Nor wife, nor fon, nor daughter can you truft ;

24? D. j. JUV&NALIS SATYRA in, v. 112-123,

Horum fi nihil eft, aviam refupinat amici.
Scire volunt fecreta domus, atque inde timeri.
Et quoniam coepit Gr^corum mcntio, tranfi
Gymnafia, atque audi facinus majoris aboil je,
Stoicus occidit Baream, delator amicura,
.Difcipu lumque fenex, ripa nutritus in ilia,
Ad quam Gorgonei delapfa eft pinna caballi.
Non eft Romano cuiquam locus hie, ubi regnat
Protogenes aliquis, vel Diphilus, aut Erimrmthus :
Qui gentis vitio nunquam partitur amicum,
Solus habet : nam, cum facilem ftillavit in aurem
Exiguum de naturse patriorque veneno,

THIRD SAT1RR OF JUVENAL. V. 160-175. 'J.5

None, none are facred ; and if these mould lack,
Your grandame's felf undaunted they attack —
Your fecrets next, with filent art, explore,
And foon are fear'd, altho' defpifed before.
And fince of Greeks we fpeak; next view their fchools;
Thence virtue iflues arm'd with all her rules —
Yon Stoic mark, in coarfeft garb array'd ;
His deareft friend that hoary wretch bi tray'd
And flew — a Greek, tranfport d from that fhore,
Wien the wing'd hack a pinion dropt of yore-
No place for Romans here, where Grecian i fway,
And drive the Patron's ancient friends away ;
And bear no rivals near their jealous throne,
But claim and govern all the friend alone.
Their pois'nous hints into his ear they pour,
And lo, I'm fpurn'd with infult from the door ;

26 D. J. JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V. 124-134,

Limine fummoveor : perierunt tempora long!
Servitii : nufquam minor eft jactura clientis.
Quod porro officium (ne nobis blandiar) aut quod
Pauperis hie meritum : fi curet nocte togatus
Currere, cum praetor lictorem impellat, et ire
Preecipitem jubeat dudum vigilantibus orbis,
Ne prior Albinam, aut Modiam, collega falutet ?
Divitis hie fervi cludit latus ingenuorum
Filius : alter enim, quantum in legione tribuni
Accipiunt, donat Calving, vel Catienue,
Ut femel atque iterum jfuper illam palpitet : at tu,

THIRD SATYRE OF JUVENAL. V. 176-19:. 27

My tedious flav'ry left without reward,

Since none a clients trifling lofs regard.

Trifling indeed ; for why the truth deny ?

What merits have we that we rate fo high ?

Scarce rous'd, you feize your cloak before the dawn,

But find your patron is already gone.

Long fmce awake, the childlefs matrons wait

The venal tribe, who crowd their early ftate.

The pro. tor hurries on, in anxious fpeed,

And bids his guards with brifkcr pace proceed :

Hafte left my colleague gain the firft falute ;

And they my flownefs to neglect impute —

Mark the rich flave with nobles in his train 5

Why they fo humble, or why he fo vain ?

The lavifli flave, undoubting, throws away

For one embrace, a tribune's ample pay i

28 D. J. JUVENALI* SATYRA III. Y. 135-1*6.

Cum tibi veftiti facies fcorti placet, hoeres,
Et dubitas alta Chionem deduceie fell£
Da teftem Romae tarn fanctum, quam fuit hofpes
Numinis Idiei : procedat vel Numa, vel qui
Servavit trepidam flagrant! ex aede Minervam :
Protinus ad cenfum, de moribus ultima fiet
Quijeftio : quot pafcit fervos, quot poflidet agri
Jugera, quam multa magnaque paropfide ccenat-
Quantum quifque fua nummorum fervat in area,
Tantum habet et fidei. Jures licet et Samothracum,
Et noftrorum aras ; contemnere fulmina pauper
Creditur atque decs, dis ignofcentibus ipfis.

YHIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 192-207 29

Whilft they, confounded by the price, retreat ;

Nor dare to hand the wanton from her feat —

Pure in his thoughts, unblemim'd in his life,

Your witnefs comes — his voice muft end the ftrife •,

Nor Numa's felf more holy, not the hoft

Of Cybele could brighter virtue boafl ;

Nor he who rufh'd intrepid through the fire,

And fav'd Minerva's felf ; what more require ?

What's his eftate, the judges firft demand j

Say, what his flaves, his equipage, his land ?

If rich, believe him ; but if poor, he lies ;

The wrath of heav'n, we know, the poor defpife.

What tho' he dare the angry bolts of Jove,

And all the gods atteft, his words to prove ?

Heed, heed him not, they cry, die wretch muft live.

And e'en the gods his perjuries forgive—
E 2

SO D. J. JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V. 14?7-157.

Quid, quod materiam prxbet caufasque jocorum

Omnibus hie idem ? fi fceda ac fcifla lacerna,

Si toga fordidula, et rupta calceus alter

Pelle patet : vel fi, confute vulnere, craflum

Atque receus linum oftendit non una cicatrix.

Nil habit infelix paupertas durius in fe,

Quam quod ridicules homines facit. Exe.it, inquit,

Si pudor eft, et de pulvino furgat equeftri,

Cujus res legi non fufficit, et fedeant hie

Lenonum pueri quocunque in fornice natl.

Hie plaudat nitidi pr«3econis filius, inter

THIRD SATIRE OP JUVENAL. V. 208-223. 81

Add, that the poor continual taunts provoke ;

No fool fo dull, but points at them his joke.

If foil'd the garment, or if fomewhat worn,

Or aukward patches fhow where lately torn,

Or thro' the op'ning fhoe the foot appear,

They gather round, and circulate the fneer.

O poverty ! of all thy num'rous ills,

This chief the foul with bitter anguifh fills -y

Contempt muft flill, with flruggling heart, be borne,

And laughing fools, with fafety, fhow their fconi.

Quit, quit thofe benches, angry Lcctius cries,

Thofe benches are the Knights', nay, quick arife.

Tis well, I yield, with rev'rence, I retreat,

That pander's fons may hold the vacant feat,

No matter from what flews firft fpawn'd abroad ;

Here let the wealthy crier's heir applaud.

32 D. J» JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V. 158-165,

Pinnirapi cultos juvenes, juvenefque
Sic libitum vano, qui nos diftinxit, Othoni.
Quis gener hie placuit cenfu minor, atque puellae
Sarcinulis impar ? quis pauper fcribitur hrcres ?
Quando in concilio eft ndilibus ? agmine facto
Debuerant olim tenues migrafie Quirites.
Haud facile emergunt, quorum virtutibus obftat
Res angufta domi. Sed Romse durior Ulis

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 224-239. 33

Let fencers here, and eflenc'd beaux be plac'd j

Fit arbiters to rule the public taflc !

Tis thus vain Oiho's pleafure is obcy'd,

Whole wifdom firft, the juft diftinction made —

Who e'er his daughter to a poor man gave,

Tho' wife, accomplifli'd, honeft, learn'd, and brave ?

When v/crc the poor e'er mention'd in a will,

Or call'd to aid the ^Edile with their fkill ?

Long fmce, fhonld they have fought fome diftant more,

And borne thefe infults and tliis fcorn no more.
7

*Throughout the world the mournful truth's confeft j

Virtue, by poverty's thick gloom opprefl,

Hardly breaks forth into her native day ;

Bat here, more darkling still, (lie gropes her way.

Life's nece Jary means here all are high,

The ftricteft care will fcarce the charge fupply.

* The mournful truth is every •where confefl.

JOHNSON.

34» D. J. JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V. 166-178.

Conatus : magno hofpitium miferabile 5 magno
Servorum ventres ; et frugi coenula magno.
Fictilibus ccenare pudet, quod turpe negarit
Tranflatus fubito ad Marfos menfamque Sabellam,
Contentufque illic Veneto duroque cucullo.
Pars magna Italbe eft, fi verum ad mittimus, in qua
Nemo togam fumit, ni^i mortuus : ipfa dierum
Feftorum herbofo colitur (1 quando theatro
Majeftas, tandemque redit ad pulpita notum
Exodium, cum peribnse pallentis hiatum
In gremio matris formidat rufticus infans ;
^Equales habitus illic, fimilefque videbis
Orcheftram et populum : clari velamen honoris,

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 24-0 — 255. 65

A frugal flipper, wretched lodgings hire,
And fervants1 board, enormous fums require.
Here earthen-ware we fcorn, but change the place,
And at the Sabine board, 'tis no difgrace ;
What e'er the difli, we relifli well the fare,
And coarfeft hoods, without a fcruple, wear.
Great part of Italy (the truth confefs)
Gives only to the dead the Roman drefs,
The fplendid gown — nay e'en on feftal days,
When theatres of turf again they raife ;
When the known farce again the ruftics choofe,
That flill their laughter, and loud mirth renews ;
While clings the infant to his mother's fide,
Scar'd at the maflc that opes the mouth fo wide ;
E'en then both rich and poor are cloth'd alike ;
Save that, the crowd with proper awe to ftrike,

36 D. J. JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V. 179-189.

Sufficiunt tunicoo fummis aedilibus albse.

Hie ultra vires habitus nitor ; hie aliquid plus,

Quam fatis eft : interdum aliena fumitur area.
Commune id vitium eft : hie vivimus ambitiofa
Paupertate omnes : quid te moror ? Omnia Romse
Cum pretio : quid das, ut Coflum aliquando falutes ?
tit te refpiciat claufo Veiento labello ?
Ille metit barbam, crinem hie deponit amati :
P ena domus Hbis venalibus : accipe, et iftud
Fermentuin tibi habe : pr.^ftare tributa clientes

Cogimur, et cultis augere peculia fervis.

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 257-272.

And prove their rank, the yEcliles drefs in white.
Bat here one glare of fplendor meets the fight ;

Splendor that few fupport ; but if oppred,
"We plunge our hands into a neighbors cheft.
This, this, the common vice we juftly call,
Ambitious poverty deftroys us all.
But why detain you ? All at Rome is bought,
And all we feek, mud with a bribe be fought.
A paflfmg nod (hall haughty CofTus deign ?
Produce the bribe, or not a (mile you gain;
The blacked crimes Veiento dares impute,
But mew the bribe, and lo, the wretch is mute.
This minion (haves his beard, this lops his hair,
The clients run, and all their prefcnts bear.
Tis thus the fav'rite fwells his growing ftore

Receiving dill, and aflcing dill for more—

F

38 D. J. JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V. 190-197.

Ouis timer, aut timuit gelida Proenefte ruinam,
Aut pofitis nemorofa inter juga Volfiniis, aut
Simplicibus Gabiis, aut proni Tiburis arce ?
Nos urbem colimus tenui tibicine fultam
Magna parte fui : nam fie labentibus obftat
Vilicus, et veteris rimae contexit hiatum ;
Secures pendente jubet dormire ruina
Vivendum eft illic, ubi nulla incendia, nulli

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. Y. 273-288. 39

For fince thefe flaves alone, the patron fway,

This is a tax we all are forc'd to pay.

Left fome old building by a fudden fall

Should crufh his frame, beneath the pond'rous wall,

What peafant fears at Tiber's lofty feat,

At Gubii or Pnrnefte's cool retreat ?

But 'midft continual dread, we dill remain,

Where feeble props the trembling vaults fuflain.

For thus, fo wife, fo provident their care,

The finking walls our mafter-ftewards repair ;

Then bid us reft and all our terrors end,

Whilft death and ruin o'ei our heads impend.

Quick, let us feek, my friend fomc quiet (hade,

Where no rude fears the midnight coucli invade.

4

No terrors hover round the throbbing head,
And drive you trembling from a refUefs bed \

40 D. J. JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V, 198-209.

Nocte metus. Jam pofcit aquam, jam frivola transfer!,
Ucalegon : tabulata tibi jam tertia fumant :
Tu nefcis : nam fi gradibus trepidatur ab imis,
Ultimus ardebit, quem tegula fola tuetur
A pluvia, molles ubi reddunt ova columbse.
Lectus erat Codro Procula minor, urceoli fex,
Ornamentum abaci j nee non et parvulus infra
Cantharus, et recubans fub eodem marmore Chiron ;
Jamque vetus Gnecos fervabat cifta libellos,
Et divina opici rodebant carmina mures*
Nil habuit Codrus : quis enim negat ? et tamen iilud
Perdidit infellx totum nil : ultimus autem

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 289-304. 41

No fudden flames difpel the gloom of night,
And pour their horrors on th' aftonim'd sight.
From the next houfe the burfting flames arife,

And mount in blazing volumes to rhe fkies ;

The tenants fly with all their hade can take —

The floors beneath you fmoke — nor ftill you wake j

For fmce its ravages begin below,

Your garret laft the raging pefl will know.

The wretched Codrus own'd but one (hort bed ;

Six little pitchers grac'd the cupboard head ;

Next thefe a jug, for ufe defigned, not fhow ;

A marble Chiron fpread his leangth below ;

In an old chelt the Grecian bards were laid,

Where mice, barbarian-like, fecurely prey'd.

Codrus had nothing •, thus the world would fay :

Yet all that nothing, foon was torn away —
F 2

42 D. J. JUVENALIS GATYRA III. V. 210-220.

cumulus, quod nudum et fruflra rogantem
Nemo cibo, nemo hofpitio, tectoque, juvabit.
Si magna Aflurici cecidit domus, horrida mater,
Pullati proceres, differt vadimonia pro. tor :
Tune gemimus caf us urbis, tune odimus ignem.
Ardet adhuc, et jam accurrit qui marmora donet,
Conferat impenfas : hie nuda et Candida figria j
Hie aliquid prceclarum Euphranoris et Polycleti j
Hie Afianorum vetera ornamenta deorum.
Hie libros dabit, et forulas, mediamque Minervam ;
Hie modium argenti : meliora ac plura reponit

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 305-322. 45

And dill the wretch's woes are not compleat ;

Cold, hungry, bare, behold he roams the ftreet,

Whild all, the mercy that he afks, deny,

And none a bed, or clothes, or food fupply —

But fhould Adurius' lofty palace fall ;

Grief fpreads around, and horror feizes all ;

Judice is flaid, the matron rends her hair,

And Knights and Peers their blacked garments wear—

The chances of the town then all bewail,

Then all at fires with double hatred rail.

Still flames the pile — when lo the flatterers haftc,

And pour their riches to fupply the wade ;

A nobler dome, with eager zeal, they raife,

One brings materials, one the workmen pays,

Statues, the boad of Greece, that dome adorn,

And ornaments, from Afian temples torn,

In gifts of ufe or luxury they vie,

.And book and vafes, plate and gold fupply ;

D. J, JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V.

Perficus orborum lautiffimus, et merito jam;
Sufpectus, tanquam ipfe fuas incenderit ades*
Si potes avelli Ciircenfibus, optima Sorjr,
Aut Fabrateriae, domus, aut Frufmone, paratur.
Quanti nunc tenebras unum conducis in annum !
Hortulus hie, puteufque breuis, nee refte movendus,
In tenues plantas facili diffunditur hauftu.
Vive bidentis amans, et culti villicus horti,
Unde epulum pofEs centum dare Pythagoreis.

tHIRD SATYRE OF JUVENAL. V. 323-338. 4-5

Thus by his lofs Afturius fwell'd his (lore,

Tho' known as richeft of the rich before.

And all fufped him author of the fire,

* " That burnt his palace, but to build it higher."

To leave the Circus fports, couU'tl thou endure,

In fome neglected burgh thou might'ft procure

A f\vcet retreat, at fmaller coft, than here

Thou hir'ft a dungeon for a fingle year —

There dreams gum forth, fpontaneous, from the ground,

And pour their rills with eafy lapfe around,

And cheer the plants, and freflien all the green ;

There live enamour'd of the peaceful fcene,

There feize the plough, and learn the ruftic's fkill •,

And there, well pleas'd, thy little garden till ;
Whofe frefh and wholefome herbs, I dare eng
Shall feaft an hundred like the Samian fage.

46 D. J. JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V. 230-242.

Eft aliquid quocunque loco, quocunque receffii,
Unius fefe dominum feciffe lacertae.
Plurimus hie a-ger moritur vigilando : fed ilium
Languorem peperit cibus imperfectus et hirrens
Ardenti ftomacho : nam quae meritoria fomnum
Admittunt ? magnis opibus dormitur in urbe.
Inde caput morbi : rhedarum tranfitus arcto
Vicorum inflexu et ftantls convicia mandrae
Eripient fomnum Drufo vitulifque marinis.
Si vocat officium, turba cedente, vehetur
Dives, et ingenti curret fuper ora Liburno,
Atque obiter leget, aut fcribet, vel dormiet intus :
Namque facit fomnum claufa lectica fenflra.

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 239 255. 4-7

However rjide and diflant the recefs,
'Tis fomething e'en one lizard to pofTefs —
Here rack'd with fumes by indigeftion bred,
The fick man lingers on a refllefs bed ;
In filent anguim rolls his fleeplefs eyes,
That dill glare round, when he exhaufted, dies.
Our rented houfes no repofe allow ;
The balm of fleep the rich alone can know ;
And this the fource whence fell difeafes flow.
Hark the loud waggons thund'ring thro1 the ftreet,
The brawls and curfes when their drivers meet.
Tumult like this the torpid Seal would wake ;
Nay ftupid Drufus from his (lumbers make.
Behold the rich man to the levee hafte,
By footmen borne, and in a litter plac'd,
Whilft as he moves the fervile crowd gives way ;
He reads or writes ; perchance excludes the day

48 D. J JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V. 24<3-253,

Ante tamen veniet : nobis properantibus obftat
Unda prior : magno populus premit agmine lumbos
Qui fequitur j ferit hie cubito, ferit aflere duro
Alter •, at hie tignum capiti incutit, ille metretam :
Pinguia crura luto, plana mox undique magna
Calcor, et in digito clavus mihi militis hxret.
Nonne vides, quanto celebretur fportula fumo ?
Centum convive ; fequitur fua quemque culina.
Corbulo vix ferret tot vafa ingentia, tot res
Impofitas capiti, quot recto vertice portat
Servulud infelix, et curfu ventilat ignem.

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 356-371. <<)

And takes his nap — yet reaches firfb the door j
While we, impeded by the crowd before,
And urg'd behind, with painful efforts ftrive,
And bruis'd and torn, beyond the time arrive.
Tho' preft, nay almoft trampled by the throng,
Up to the knees in mud I wade along ;
Sharp elbows gore, my head's afTail'd with blows
And foldiers' hob-nail'd flioes indent my toes.
See from the dole, what clouds of fmoke arife ;
Each to receive his dated portion flies ;
Each with his flave, an hundred guefls attend.
With head on high, and neck that fears to bend,
Dilhcs on dimes pil'd the flave muft bear,
(A weight that Corbulo could fcarcc uprear,)
Nor bear alone ; but run beneath his load,
Lsft all the dainties cool upon the road.

G

50 D. J. JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V. 254-265,

Scinduntur tunicx fartae ; modo longa corufcat,

Sarraco veniente, abies, atque altera pinum

Plauftra vehunt, nutant alte, populoque minantus.

Nam fi procubuit, qui faxa Liguflica portat,

Axis, et evcrfum fudit fuper agmina montem,

Quid fupereft de corporibus ? quis membra, quis ofla,

Invenit ? obtritum vulgi perit omne cadaver,

More animse : domus interea fecura patellas

Jam lavat, et bucca foculum excitat, et fonat unctia

Strigilibus *, et pleno componit lintea gutto.

Hire inter pueros varie properantur : at ille

Jam fedet in ripa, tetrumque novitius horret

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 372-387 51

Oppreft beneath the weight of elm or pine,
The pond'rous waggons move in dreadful line,
The beams immenfe with tott'ring motion go,
And threaten death on all who pafs below.
Behold that carriage heap'd with nutty flones ;
The buildings trembb and the pavement groans ;
Ye Gods ! the axle fails, and all beneath
Are crufh'd, and perim in promifcuous death —
Not e'en their mangled carcafes remain,
No member, joint, nor atom of the flain.
The body, like the foul, amaz'd you find,
Has fled, nor left a fingle trace behind.
His fellow flaves, meanwhile, exempt from care,
With fruitlefs hade, their fev'ral tafks prepare ;
While *he poor wretch, abruptly hurried down,
AwM by the terrors of grim Charon's frown,

* Thejlave •who was carrying f/\' fportuhi. Some Corn-
tnentators fttppofe the majlcr to be h<.re intended^ and indeed
the ob/curity of the original leaves fujficient rowi fir vari
ous conjectures.

52 D. J.JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V, 266-27$,

Porthmea, nee fperat ccenofi gurgltus alnum
Infelix, nee habet, quern porrigat, ore trientem.
Refpice nunc alia, ac diverfa pericula noctis :
Ouod fpatium tectis fublirnibus, unde cerebrum
Tefta fei it, quoties rimofa et curta feneftris
Vafa cadunt, quanto percuflum pondere fignent
Et latdant filicem. PofBs ignavus haberi,
Et fubiti cafus improvidus, ad ccenam fi
Inteftatus eas ; adeo tot fata, quot ilia
Nocte patent vigiles, te praetereunte, feneftrse.
Ergo optes, votumque feras miferabile tecum,
Ut fint contents patulas efFuudere pelves.
Ebrius ac petulans, qui nullum forte

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 388-103. 53

Now fits dejected, on the gloomy fliore,
Without .1 farthing to get ferried o'er.
Nor thefe the only dangers of the night ;
Behold our houfes — what a fearful height,
For pots to fall upon the pafTnig head.
Now broken jars, in garret windows fpread,
With mighty weight and force, defcending rufli,
Break the firm ftone, and all the pavement cruflu
II-j's madly thoughtlefs of impending ill,
Who leaves his home before he figns his will ;
Since death in ambufh lies, and marks his prey,
From ev'ry cafement, that overlooks the way.
Move flowly on, and breathe a wretched vow
That pans alone may pour their dreams below.
The drunken bully, ftrives to fleep in vain,

"Who feeks his couch, before his man is flain,
G 2

54? D. J. JUVENALIS SATYRA III, V. 279-287.

Dat pcenas •, noctem patitur lugentis amicum
Pelidtc, cubat in faciem, mox deinde fupinus ;
Ergo non aliter poterit dormire : quibufdam
Somnum rixa facit : fed, quamvis improbus annis,
Atque mero fervens, cavet hunc, quern coccina tana
Vitari jubet, et comitum longiffimus ordo,
Multum prai-terea flammarum, et aenea lampas.
Me quern luna folet deducere, vel breve lumen
CandeKr, cujus difpenfo et tempero filum,

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 101-H9.

Feels all the tortures that Pelides knew,
When raging Hector his Patroclus flew ;
When " * now fupine now prone the hero lay
« And fhifts his fides impatient for the day."
But fhould a brawl his third of blood appeafe,
He fhuts his eyes and drops afleep with cafe.
Yet e'en this madman runs no rifles for fame,
Tho' youth encourage, and tho' wine inflame.
The purple cloak, the num'rous train, the light
Of brazen lamps that diflipate the night,
And pour a fplendor thro' the darken'd ftreets,
He marks afar and prudently retreats ;
But I who wander by the lunar ray,
Or with a farthing candle grope my \vay ;
Whofe quiv'ring flame I tend with anxious care,
And drive to guard it from the rufhing air,

* Pope's Iliady B. 24.

D. J, JUVENALIS SATYRA HI. V. 288-299.

Contemnit. Miferoc cognofce procemia rixae,
Si rixa eft, ubi tu pulfas, ego vapulo tantum.
Stat contra, ftarique jubet j parere necefle eft :
Nam quid agas, cum te furiofus cogat, et idem
Fortior ? unde venis ? exclamat : cujus aceto,
Cujus conche, tumes ? quis tecum fectile porrum
Sutor et elixi vervecis labra comedit ?
Nil mihi refpondes ? aut die, aut accipe calcem :
Ede ubi confiftas ? in qua te qujcro profeucha .?
Dicere fi tentes aliquid, tacitufve recedas,
Tantundem eft : f eriunt pariter : vadimonia deinde
Irati faciunt : libertas pauperis hggc eft,

THIRD SATIRE OP JUVENAL. V. 4-20— 1:17. 57

1 fufrer ; as the coward ruffian knows,
His rage, I neither can nor dare oppofe —
The conteii thus begins •, if conteft call'd,
Where he deals blows, and I alone am maulM
Stand villain, Hand, he cries, and blocks my way ;
IL-'s drunk and flronger and I mud obey,
Speak, where have you been drinking mufty lees ?
What cobler ft rove your lordfhip's tafte to pleafe,
With fhcep's head and with onions pounded fmall ?
S.iy, in what beggar's nook for alms you bawl ?
In what dark cell or cave at night you lie ?
Nay quick, or take this kick or give reply.
Whether in filent fear you feek retreat,.
Or try to fpeak, Vis juft the fame, they beat,
And juftice then in mighty wrath demand,
And fwear by you the whole affair was plann'd.
Such, fuch the freedom that we wretches know,
And fuch the mercy our fuperi'jrs fliow ;

53 D. j. JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V. 300-309.

Pulfatua rogat, et pugnis concifus adorat,

Ut liceat paucis cum dentibus inde reverti.

Nee tamen hoc tantum mctuas : nam qui fpoliet te

Non deerit, claufis domibus, poilquam omnis ubique

Fixa catenatx filuit compago tabernae.

Interdum et ferro fubitus graflator agit rem,

Armato quoties tutre cuftode tenentur

Et Pontina palus et Gallinaria pinus.

Sic inde hue omne?, tanquam ad vivaria, currunt.

Qua fornace graves, qua non incude, catenae ?

THIRD SATIRE OF Jl'VEXAL. V. 438-1 V.. 59

Forgivene^ we, when injur'd muft implore,
Muft pr.iy when menac'd, and when (truck adore -,
And when the tyrant's wrath fatigu'd we find,
Mufl thank him, that he leaves a tooth behind.
Nor, e'en if treated thus you fcape at laft,
Difmifs all fears and think all dangers paft.
When noify (hops their midnight labors clofe,
And all exhaufted feck a (hort repofe,
Then fecret robbers (leal upon your reft,
Pick ev'ry lock and rifle ev'ry cheft ;
Perhaps, determined to fecure the prize,
Plunge the fwift dagger and prevent your cries.
Chac'd from their haunts the ruffians hither fly
Convinc'd that Rome will work and food fupply — •
So vail the number of thefe nightly foes,
With bolts and {hackles ev'ry furnace glows —

60 D. J. JUVENALIS SATYRA III. V. 310-319,

Maximus in vmclis ferri modus, ut timeas, ne
Vomer deficiat, ne marrse et farcula defmt.
Felices proavorum atavos, felicia die as
Scecula, qux quondam fub regibus atque tribimis
Viderunt uno contentam carcere Romam.
His alias poteram et plures fubnectere caufas :
Sed jumenta vocant et fol inclinat ; eundunr eft ;
Nam mihi commota jam dudum mulio virga
Adnuit : ergo vale noflri memor ; et queries te
Roma tuo refici properantem reddet Aquino,

THIRD SATIRE OF JtJVENAL. V. 454-468. 6i

The mines are wafted, and there's caufe to fear

A want of rakes and (hares will foon appear.
How bleft our anceftors ; how bled the times
That fear'd no tyrants, ami that knew no crimes.
When Rome, beneath her kings and tribunes reign,
Saw one fmall jail her criminals contain.
Much could I add, more reafons could I cite,
Tojuftify my hate, and urge my flight —
But now the wafted time forbids delay,
The fun declining (hoots a feebler ray,
The driver cracks his whip and fummons me away
Farewell, my friend, farewell ; yet ere we part,
I charge you bear me mindful in your heart ;
And oft as you from hated Rome repair,
To breath your own Aquinum's purer air,

H

:

62 p. j. JUVENALIS sATifRA in. v. 320-322.

Me quoque ad Helvinam Cererem veftramque Dianam
Convelle a Cumis : fatyrarum ego, ni pudet illas,
Adjutor gelidos veniam caligatus in agros.

THIRD SATIRE OF JUVENAL. V. 169-172. 63

From Cum.r, in my rullic garb arrayM,
I'll feck your bleak abode ; and if my aid
Your mufe allow, aififl your virtuous rage,
And roufe juft horror at an impious age.

NOTES,

From the copious and learned obfervations of Mr,
Gifford, I have extracted a few notes, which feemed
neceflary to render the poem intelligible, to the mere
Englifh reader. A few paflages, which that gentle
man has translated, I have omitted ; and there are
alfo a few to which I have ventured to give an inter
pretation different from that which he has adopted.
I truft the reader will not do me the injuftice to fup-
pofe that I wifli to be confidered as the opponent or
rival of th;.t celebrated writer. His tranflation of
Juvenal is doubtlefs unequal, and in fome places
perhaps erroneous j yet, notwithstanding the malig
nant ftrictures of the Critical Reviewers and their ab-
furd preference of the very inferior verfion of Mr.
Marfh, it certainly deferves to be confidered a ntaf-
terly performance ; a performance to which, of all

living writers he alone was probably equal. The
II 'J

S NOTES.

verification, tho' fometimes harfh or licentious, is
generally fpeaking, free, varied, and harmonious 5 yet*
in contradiction to the tafte of mod readers, partaking
more of the energy and flow of Dryden, than the
melody and concifenefs of Pope. Englilh readers will
no longer be referred to the admirable imitations of
.Dr. Johnfon, as the only fources whence they can de-1
-rive a juft idea of the manner and fpirit of the Roman
Satirift •, the peculiar characteriftica of the poet, his
dignity, his vehemence, his profound horror of vice,
his burfts of uncontroulable indignation are happily
and almoft uniformly preferved in the tranflation of
Mr. GifTbrd ; the figures are fo well defined, the
colors fo vivid, and the expreffion fo flrongly marked,
that without injuftice we cannot apply to this tranfla
tion the celebrated and happy metaphor of Cervantes j
we cannot call it " the wrong fide of the tapeftry"— -
lihould indeed poflefs an abundant portion of that van
ity with which we are reproached as a national vice,
ihould I dare for a moment to think of entering the
lifts with fuch a poet as Mr. GifFord. I had no fuch
thought, the prefent tranflation was written merely as
an exercife in the art of verification. Were I in
England it ihould not be publimed, but as an Ameri
can production and ifTuing from an American prefs, I
was willing to believe that it was entitled to foine in-

KOTES, 67

diligence- I was alfo defirous to prove that it was
pofTible for an American to write poetry at lead with
fimplicity and purity •, without recurring to the aid of
barbarous and unauthorifed terms, unmeaning or ex
travagant epithets, harfh or inconfiitent metaphors.

Ver. 4th. « And with one citizen, &c." I have
in this line adopted the explication of Mr. Gifford,
the fenfe of the original feems to have been flrangely
miftaken by former tranflators.

Ver. 5th « To Baiae Cumrc leads, &c." The
introduction of this circumftance would probably ap»
p • ir to moft readers impertinent ; but Mr. Gifford
has happily explained the allufion. The commenta
tors not conceiving that the epithet " vacux1' could
with propriety be applied to a place which the poet
afterwards defcribes as the thoroughfare to Baiae, and
delirous to fave the veracity of their author, chofe to
divert the word from its proper meaning, and explain
it by " otiofae, quietac, non tarn plena; hominum quam
« eft Roma, £c." but of theie Mr. Gifford obferves
there uno need,. " a place may be uninhabited though
" numbers pafs through it daily, and this in truth, is
" what tlu author iatirically hints at -, that Bnix,
" which Seneca ^alls <( c!iverforium vitiorum," fh<-uki
" have fuch attract;:.^: for the Romanb, as to draw

68 'NOTES,

" them all to it, in defpite of the many delightful
K fpots in its vicinity, through which they were obli-
« ged to pafs, and of whofe charms, therefore, they
" could not be ignorant."

Ver. 14?. " When raving poets feize you and recite"
The following pafiage may perhaps occur to the reader :

Fire in each eye, and papers in each hand,
They rave, recite, and madden round the land.

POPE'S Pro. to the Sab.

And the ftill more humorous lines with which Horace
concludes the " Epiftola ad Pifones."

Indoctum doctumque fugat recitator acerbus
Quern vero adripuit, tenet, occiditque legendo.

I am inclined to think that both paiTages muft have
been prefent to my mind, when I wrote the above line,
though at the time, however flrange it may feem, I
was u&confcious of the fact — Indeed I am convinced,
that many of the imitations pointed out by bifhop
Hurd, in his admirable eflay, on the " Marks of im
itation in Poetry," were of this nature — That the au
thors were fecretly iufluenced in the choice of fenti-
ment or expreflion, by an indiftinct recollection of the
paflages, which he fuppofes them defignedly to have

/

NOTES. 6<J

copied. Martial has addreffed to one of thefe " reci-
tanteis poetoD," a very humorous epigram : after hav
ing perufed it, the reader will not be furprifed that
Juvenal has placed them in the climax of the evils
with which Rome was infefted.

Occurrit tibi nemo quod libenter :

Quod quacunque venis fuga eft, et ingens

Circa te, Ligurine, folitudo :

Quid fit fcire cupis ? nimis pob'ta es.

Nam tantos, rogo, quis ferat laborer ?

Et flanti legi?, et legis fedenti :

Current! legis, ct legis canenti.

In thermas fugio : ibnas ad aurcnl.

Piicinam peto : ncn licet natare.

Ad cccnam propero : tenes euntem.

Ah coenam venio : fugas fedentem.

Lafius dormio : fufcitas jacentem.

Vis, quantum facias mali, videre ?

Vir juftus, probus, innocens timeris.

You're anxious then, my v.rorthy friend, to kno\r
"Why, when you enter, all prepare to go ?
Why, when you walk, all clafles fhun to meet,
And folitude ufurps the crowded ftrect ?
You are, and all who once have met you know it,
You are, my worthy friend, too much a poet.

O KbTES.

A dang'rous fault, which, truft me, you fhould cure.

For who, the toils you alk, could e'er endure ?

Howe'er engag'd I feem, by day or night,

Heedlefs of time and place, you ftitl recite.

I feek the baths, but followed ftill by you ;

I fly to Tibur, and you ftill purfue ;

If I to fupper hafle, my courfe you ftay ;

If I at fupper fit, you drive away •,

Wearied to death, I fink, with fleep oppreft 5

You raife your voice, nor give a moment's reft.

Your hands, we own, are pure, your conscience clear;

We all refpect you, but alas, we fear.

Ver. 18. " And Numa nightly, &c." Livy tells
us, that, jufl without the walls of Rome, there was
a little grove, watered by a perennial fpring, which rofe
in the middle of it. To this, Numa, who had proba
bly contracted, in the privacy of his former life, a
love of folitude, which followed him to the throne,
uied frequently to retire : and here he feems, foon af
ter his acceffion, to have conceived the defign of turn
ing his darling propenfity to the advantage of his new
fubjects. For this purpofe, he gave out, that, in this
lonely recefs, he met the goddefs Egena, who furnim-
ed him from time to time, with the flatutes to be ob-
ferved by the city. A rude, and uninformed race of
warriors liftened with awe to the dictates of Heaven :

NOTES. 71

and Numa had the fatisfaction of feeing his inftitutions
not merely received, but revered. Livy's defcription
is fo pleafmg, that I cannot withhold it from the claf-
fical reader.

" Lucus erat, quern medium ex opaco fpecu fons per-
<c enni rigabat aqua, quo quia le perfxpe Numa,
<c fine arbitris, velut ad congreflum De;i , infcrebat ;
" Camcenis eum lucum facravit quod earum ibi con-
" filia cum conjuge fua Egeria efTent."

Verfe 25. "Sure the nymph would feem

Far, far more prefent if her gurgling dream/' &c.

Mr. Mafon in a note to his " Englifh Garden"
quotes thefe lines ts an honorable proof, that Juvenal
was uninfected by the corrupt tafte of the age in which
he lived. The lines which Mr. Gifford has quoted
from Ovid, fhow that he is entitled to a fimilar praife.
It is a circumftance worthy of remark that both Cicero
and Pliny Tvere great admirers of, the factitious an4
unnatural tafte which the two poets fo warmly repro
bate (See a note on the firft book of the E. Garden).

The following is the " exquifite defcription'* of
Ovid which Juvenal has fo happily copied. The tranf-
btion is by a friend.

« In extreme eft antrum nemorale receflu,

Arte laboratum nulla -, fimulaverat artem

-

72 NOTES.

t( Ingenio natura fuo : nam pumice vivo,
ft Et levibus tophis nativum duxerat arcum.
« Fons fonat a dextra tenui perlucidus unda,
(( Margine gramineo patulos fuccinctus hiatus.

Deep in the vale a fhady grot there lies,

Where nature's charms, untouch'd by ait, furprize $

For there, the Genius of the place alone

The pebbles rang'd and arch'd the living (lone ;

There, on the right, a bubbling fount is feen,

Of lucid wave, and bank of frefheft green.

Vcrfe 61. " What fhould I do at Rome I cannot
lie, &c." One of Martial's beft epigrams bears at
ftrong refemblance to this paflage of our author. My
friend has again obliged me with a tranflation. The
claflical reader will find a ftill better epigram on the
fame fubject. Lib. 3, 28.

Ad Fabianum.
Vir bonus et pauper, linguaque et pectore verus,

Quid tibi vis, urbem qui Fabiane petis ?
Qui nee leno potes nee commiflator haberi,

Nee pavidos, trifti voce, citare r^os :
Nee potes uxorem cari corrumpe, e amici :

Nee potes algentes arrigare ad vetulas
Venderc nee vanos circa Palatia fumos :

Piauuerc nee Cano, plaudere nee Glaphyro^

XOTES. i *

Unde mifer vives •, homo fid -s, certus amicus,
Hoc nihil eft ; nunquam fie * Phiiomclus eris

Hone ft and poor, in word and thought finccre,
"What bufinefs tell me, liaft thou Fabian, here ?
The pimp or fiatt'rers trade thou canft not ply,
Nor on thy pow'rs can aged dames rely.
Canft thou to mean and fordid gain defcend ?
Corrupt the wife of him who calls thee friend ?
The gaping crov, d with empty hopes deceive ?
Or low buffoons accoinplifli'd players believe ?
If not how live at Rome ? What thou art juft,
Wilt not defert thy friend, and break thy trufl ?
Fly, if thou wouldft not ftarve, the walls of Ro.ne,
And feek again thy quiet ruftic home ;
To virtues fucli as thcfe we (how no grace,
They ne'er will give you bread, or gain you place.

Ver. 65. " I ne'er have learnt the virtues of the
toad, &c " Frequent al'ufions are found in ancient
author^ to the poifonous qualities of the toad : but
" either our toad is r\ot the rana rubeta of the an
cient*?, or it has loft its deftructive qualities in this
country ; where it is generally underftood to be al-

I

* Phihmfltis ivns a celebrated pljyer on the harp
had amjjfcd an irninenfe forn.nc.

t NOTE?.

together innoxious. It is frequently alluded td by
Piiny, and once in ftrong terms, as extremely hcftile
to life. The compounders of thefe dofes, (and, as
Rabelais fays, there was a world of people at Rome
then, as well as now, that got an honed livelihood by
poifoning) might probably give out fuch a report, to,
C3iice.il the real fact ; but I ihould imagine the fu!>-
fiances they ufod were either vegetable, or mineral.
and of a much more fubtlc, and delete ious nature
than any thing the genus of toads could fupply. It
i? no great reflection, however, on our author, that he,
was ignorant of the fearer,."

GIF FOR i?t.

Ver. 83. " Him who arraigns when Verrcs felt'
thinks fit, &c."

O. CxciJius who h?A been Verres* qur. flor in Sicily,
and the accoaiplice of his crimes, demanded,, for very
obvicus rqafpns, to be preferred, as his acoufer, to
Cicero — liortenfius, who defended Verres, wa3 ;^t that
time Conful elect ; and M. Motellus, who was alf>
ilrangely attached to his intercft, had been defoliated
Pnctor. Had C^cilius been chofen the accuftr, it
w.:s intended that the trial of Verres fhould be deferred
until thefe mngiftrates hisd entered on the execution
pf their duties ; and in this cafe the acquittal of the
criminal was cor.fidersd as certaii:. (Vide in O. Cue-

KOTF.S. < .'>

ciliu n Dlv. et in Verrem Actio Pri. cap. 8. )

v. h:ch contains an account of a very curious negotia
tion (.13 the phrafe is) the object of which was to cL
the election of Cicero as ./Guile. Some perfons pre
tend that in all countries and in r.ll ages election > L.ivc
been conducted in very nearly a fi.nihr manner; but
i:i this country it feems we have found the fecret of
enjoying all the advantages of a popular government,
unalloyed by any portion of the evils. "Who flull
ilare to fay, that in this virtusus and enlightened coun
try the freedom of elections has ever been impaired, or
their purity polluted ?

Vcr. 09. « O Pvomulus behold,

See foreign robes thy ruflic now infold."
la this apodrophe to Rcrnulus the poet cbfcrvcs that
v.-hile the Greeks, &j. were worming themfelves i.iro
r.il places of pov/er and profit, the Romans once fo
unvjA-r.j.l for their rough and manly virtues, were
l!y taken up with the idle amufcments of the Cir-
I\^eter!a are prizes which the victors, in die
coutells of the Circus, cdentatioufly were round their
necks. And Ceroma is a mixture of cil, clay, and
bees-wax, with which the wrcdlers f.ncared their
neck and breads.

.CRD.

76

Ver. 116. " And bid him go to heav'n, to heav'n

he goes."

The poet here alludes to the flight of Dxdalus ;
and prefeiitly after explains himfelf more fully, by ob-
ferving that it was no barbarian who mad y attempt
ed a flight through the air ; but a Greek niediis natus
Athenis. He artfully adduces this inftance to prove,
that the prefumption and avarice of the Greeks would
lend them to any, the molt extravagant undertakings.

Ver. 131. "Extol the learning of the unlearnM friend.'*
Great indeed muft have been the (kill of the Greeks,
if they could fucceed by this method of flattery — A
very oppofite courfe is recommended by a modern mas
ter cf the art.

\Vould you by flatt'ry feek the road to wealth ?
Pufh not too hard j but ihde it in by ftealth.
Mark well your cully's temper and purfuit,
And fit to ev'ry leg the pliant boot.
Tell not the fpendthrift that he hoards with fenfe,
Tell not the mifer that he fcorns expence.
Nor praife the learning of a dunce profeft^
Nor fwear a floven's elegantly drefl.

KOTES. 77

Still let your lies to truth near neighbors be,
And dill with probability agree.

" Ars memiencli," of Lord II . Spencer.

Ver. HI. " The wife, the miftrefs, and the un-

dreft fair," &c.

The characters of women in ancient times, were al
ways reprefented by men. It was not until the reign
of Charles the fecond, if I am not mUlaken, that wo
men were introduced on the Englifli ftage.

Yer. 14-i. "The patron laughs — a louder laugh

replies."

The character of the flitterer is touched with great
force in thefe lines, which are however, exceeded,
at lead in humour, by the following :

Hamlet. Your bonnet to its right ufe : 'tis for the he^d.
(Jjrid. I thank your lordlhip 'tis very hot.

Hamht. No, believe me, 'tis very coKl, the wind is
northerly.

Cfrld. It is indifferently cold, my lord, indeed.

Hamlet. But yet, methiuks, it. ij very fultry and hot
f'ji mj i.. i]

i r

73 KOTES.

Qfrick. Exceedingly, my lord, it is very fultry as it
were, I can't tell how.

GIFFORD.

Ver. 149. " They fhiver and their fhaggy cloaks
require." Accipit endromidem. The endromis or
endromida was a thick,, fhaggy cloak, chiefly ufed in
the Gymnafia, and put on by the wreftlers, runners,
&c. after the performance of their violent exercifes to
prevent the effects of a fudden chill. Martial has an
epigram, (Lib. 4, ep. 19) in which he defcribes its
origin and various ufes j he concludes with faying :

" Ridebis ventos hoc munere tectus'et imbres."
In this involv'd the winds and rain defy.

Ver. 166. " Yon floic mark, &c."
This is meant for P. Ignatius who appeared, agaihft
his patron and friend Bareas Soranus accused of a
ccnfpiracy againft Nero. Tacitus (who defcribes-
tlie whole tranfaction) after a very pathetic account of
the accufaticn of Soranus and his daughter by Oflorius
Sabinus, proceeds to defcribe in his ftrong and impres-
five language the indignation caufed by the treachery
of Ignatius ; " Mox datus teftibus locus et quantum
miferecordix f-.vitia acculiitionis permcverat, tan turn
ir P* Egnatius teftis concivit. Cliens hie Sorani, et
tune emptus ad cpprimeridura amicurr, auctorita-

ts*OTES. •>

tern Stoics fectae praeferebat, habitu et ore ad ex-
pr'm^ndum imaginem honetli excrcitus, ceterim an-
imo perfidiofus, fubdolus, avaritiam ac libidinern oc-
cultans. Qux poftquam pecunia reclufa funt, dedit
exemplum praecavendi, quomodo fraudibus involutes,
aut fl igitiis commaculatos, fie fpecie bonarum artium
falfos, et amicitiae fallaces.

Tac. Ann. Lib. 16, 32.

Ver. 1 69. " Where the winged hack," &c.
Tarfus in Cilicia, where Pegafus was faid to have ftum-
bled, and dropt a feather from his fetlock. He terms
Pegafus a hack not (as Cafaubon obferves) from a
contempt of him whom the ancients had placed in hea
ven 5 but becaufe he mortally hated the Greeks.

GIFFORD.

Ver. 178, " Trifling indeed; for why the truth

deny, &c."

This (Mr. GifFord obferves) is touched with great force
by Martial. The following is the ep'gra IA (perhaps
the bed in Martial) to which Mr. Gi fiord refers. It
will not, I am confident, be faid that the fpirit of the
original has evaporated in the tranflation of my friend,

In Paulum.

Confulem et Salutatorem.
Cum U laurigeris annum qui fafcibus m.ras,

80 KOTES.

Man* falutator ILnina mille teras :
Hie ego quid fa iam ? quid nobis Paulle relinquib,

Oui de plebe Num. , denfaque turba fumus ?
Oui me refpiciat, dominum regemque vocabo ?

Hoc tu, fed quanto blandius, ipfe facis.
Lecticam, fel amque fcquar ? nee ferre rectfo :

Per medium pugnas fed prior ire lutum.
S. pius aflurgam recitanti carmina ? tu (las,

Et pariter geminas tendis in era manus.
Quid facial pauper, cui non licet efle clienti ?

Dimifit noftras purpura veftra togas.

When you, whom riches bhth and rank adorn,
.Salute a thoufand portals in a morn ;
What muft I do ? Say Paulus what remains
To us, the wretched crowd, whom this fuflains ?
To gain the patron's fmile, cr gracious nod,
1 11 call him, if he pleafe, a king or god -y
But then you praife, with fuch faperior art,
He frowns on me and gives to you his heart ->
Shall I on foot attend the patron's chair ?
It nought avails ; for ft ill I find you there.
You rufh the foremoft of the fervile train,
})a(h thro' the mud, nor heed the beating r^in.
What fhould the patron caoofe hi- v.-rfe recite ?
I rife, and lift my hands, and feign d-:lrght j

NOTES. 81

But you ne'er fit, your hands perpetual raife,
And mow your extafy a thoufand ways.
Our coarfe and humble gowns no longer dare
Contend, ye nobles, wi.h the purple's glare ;
At length, the poor havo loft their laft refource,
Diimifs d as clients, we muft itarve of courfc.

Ver. 196. " Not the hoft

Of Cybele could brighter virtue boaft."
In the 5t:h year of Rome the Sibylline books, being
confulted concerning the expiation of certain prodi
gies, directed that the goddefs Cybele (hou'd be brought
to Rome, from Pelfinus in Phrygia. Arr.bafludors
were accordingly fent to king Attains to procure the?
fucred (lone, which was dignified with the name of
" Mother of the Code." The ambafladors, in their
way to Afia, confulted the Delphic oracle, and were
commanded to lodge the goddefs, on their return to
Rome, with the molt virtuous man in the city ; and
this " mod virtuous rn.ui" was determined by the
Senate to be Scipio Nafficu. Speaking of this judg
ment of the Senate, Livy, with his ufual eloquence,
obferves, " Haud parv-j; rei judicium Senatuii tene-
bat, qui vir optimus in civititc efllt. Veram certc
victoriam ejus rei quifque fibi mallet, quam ulla imperia
honorefve, fufiragio feu Patrum feu plebia delatos*

02 NOTES.

P. Sclpionem, Cn. filium, ejus qui in Hifpania ceci-
derat, adolefcentem nondum quaeftcrium, judicave-
runt in tota civitate virum bonorum optimum efle.

Lib. 27. c. 14.

Ver. 198. "Nor he who rufh'd intrepid thro'

the fire," &c.

This \vas L. Metcllus, Pontifex Maximus, who, in a
dreadful conflagration which happened at Rome a few
years before the laft mentioned event, when the fire
had feized the temple of Vefta, and t'.-e virgin; de-
ferted its ventured liis life to fave the Palladium. One
ef his arms was difabled in the attempt and his fight
totally deftroyed, yet he effected his purpofe. Ovid
has feme pretty lines on the fubject. Faft. C, 4- -14?.

CIF5CRD.

The following are the lines to which Mr. GifFord
alludes, and furely they are fomething more than
pretty. The annexed tranflation is by no means lit-
teral, indeed the laft eight lines are more properly an
imitation.

lieu, quantum ti nuere Patres quo tempore Vefla
Arfit, et eft adytis obruta pene fuis j

Flagrabant fancti fceleratis ignibus igncs

Mixtaque erat flammae fiainma profana pix.

Attoiiitae flebant demiflb crine miniflrx :

Korr v 83

Abftuler?.t vires corporis ipfe timor.
iVuvoht i.i medium, et magna, " fuccurrite," vocc,

" No;i ell au \ilimi flere," Metellus ait,
" Pignora virgifltii fotalia tollite palmis ;

" NTo:i ei hint voto, fed rapicrd.i manu.
" Me miieum dubitatia ? ' ait, dubit.ire videbaf-,

Et p..vidas pofito procubuifle genu.
Il.'.urit ;,qms : tollcnfque manu^, " ignofcitc," dixlr,

" S^cra : vir intrnbo non adeunda viro.
« Si feel us eft, in me commiifi pcena redundet ;

" S't c. puis damno Roma foluta mci.''
D:\lt et irrupit ; factum Dca rapta probavit :

Pon^tficiTque fui munere tccM fult.

fait lib. 6. v. 437, 1.5'.

Wlint boding fenrs the chiefs of Home difmsy d,
Whr.t time the flr.n 3 on Ve!l:i s t(?n:p'.' prey'd,

' .t the goddeiV (lirir.e, and dread ibode i
A .1 jnidii pure fires \vith fireo u:ilio:y ^1. . v'J.
TI 'vefl: by woo, and fev'.M \v,th horv'.d clrc.n',

virgins feel their ilr^n^tli and course flei! :
V\ i.,-»v. Il-jintr's hi^V.-pripfl in vcicc of thunder cr!
" To w ep is not to lave, ye virg: o rii^,
<( O lick let tlie fat.il pledge be hence conveyM ;
" Votir h-.i .'.i1 > .. , uid not your pray'rscan aid.
« Wi-t Hill uamov'd :" Un-nov'dhe fees tho:;i Hill ;

i/ ; ' u.-r, Qt motion, voice, atid will.

84 KOTES.

« If, goddef , in thy fhrine I dare intrude,

" Thy facred fhrine, which man ne'er yet has viewM,

" And thou fhouldft deem the generous zeal profane,

" On me alone, thy gather'd vengeance rain ;

" Let Rome be fav'd ; is all my vows require."

He faid, and rufhing thro' the circling fire,

The pledge from flames and Rome from ruin freed,

And gods and men approved th' heroic deed.

Ver. 206. " Add that the poor continual taunts

provoke/' &c.

Dr, Johnfon, in his imitation of this pafTagc, has fur-
pafled even the fpirit and energy of the original. Often
as the reader may have perufed thefe lines, I am furs
he will not object to my tranfcription of them.

By numbers here, from fhame and cenfure free,
All crimes are fafe but hated poverty j
This, this alone, the rigid law purfues,
This, this alone, provokes the fnarling rnufe ;
The fober trader at a tatter*d cloak
Wakes from his dreams, and labors for a joke \
With brifker air, the filken courtiers gr:ze,
And turn the varied taunt ;i. thoufand ways.
Of all the ills that harafs the diitrefl,
Sure the mod bitter is a fcornful jcft •,
Fate never wounds fo deep a generous heart
As when a blockhead s infuit points the dart.

NOTES. $?>

Ver. 2 14-. "O poverty of all thy numerous ills," &c.
Mr. GifFord has quoted a paflage from Crates, one of
the writers of the old comedy, which contains a thought
very fimilar to this of our author ; not having found a
tranflation of this frag-v.ent in the very entertaining
collection, with which Mr. Cumberland has embellinV
ed the pages of the Obferver, the reader will excufe the
following attempt.

Of all the ills that wretched man afflict,
The ills of poverty fure gall the mod ;
Let nature form you awful, wife, fevere,
Yet poverty (hall change you to a fool,
And male the butt of ridicule and Jcorn.

Or in rhyme thus :

Of all the ills we wretched mortals know,
Sure poverty is charg'd the mod with woe \
Tho' nature with her nobleft gifts adorn,
If poor you're doom'd to ridicule and fcorn.

Notwithstanding this fentiment has been adopted by
Juvenal and improved by Johnfon, I mutt be allowed
to queftion its juftnefs. In the bread of him who
poflefles a proper confcioufnefs of his own merit, and
a true fenfe of his own dignity, the laugh of fools can
excite no emotions but thofe of pity and contempt.

K

86 NOTES.

Ver. 218. Quit, quit thofe benches, angry Lectius

cries, &c.

In the 685th year of the city, L. Otho procured a law,
by which feparate feats in the theatres, were affigned
to the knights. This diftinction, which was exceeding
ly odious to the poorer clafTes at Rome, had been lately
revived by Domitian and overfeers appointed to enforce
its obfervance. Martial gives us the name of one of
thefe officers.

« Quadringenta tibi non funt, Choereftrate, furge,
" LECTIUS ecce venit : fta, f uge, curre, late."

Lib. 5, 26.

Ver. 249. " When theatres of turf again they raife, &c."
The Romans had, for a long time, no other than tem
porary theatres, fo conflructed that the people were ob
liged to (land; left, as Tacitus obferves, the convenience
of fitting fhould induce them idly to fpend whole days
at the fpectacle. They were afterwards contrived more
conveniently •, but continued to be built of light mate
rials, and merely for the occafion, until Pompey erected
a fuperb one of hewn ftone. It feems, however that
thefe temporary ftructures were fometimes ufed even
in the time of Juvenal.

« Ovid has a charming picture of the fimplicity of
paft t imes, in thofe edifices ; which he artfully contrafts

NOTES. 87

with the luxury and magnificence of the prefent."

" Tune neque marmoreo pendebant vela theatre.* &c.
v Ars Amandi, lib. 1. v. 103.

«« rhen> from the marble theatres, no veils

•« Wav'd lightly in the fun ; no faffron fhowcrs

" Bedrench'd the ftage with odours. Oaken boughs,

" Lopt on the fpot, and rudely rang'd around

" By the glad fwains, a leafy bower compos'd —

" Here 'midft the fimple fcenery, they fat,

" Or on the green-fward, or the flowing turf,

" Artlefsly piled j while their rough brows were

crown'd
« With garlands, fuch as the next tree fupplied.1'

GIFFORD.

Of thefe beautiful lines of Ovid, my friend, for the
fake of the lovers of rhyme, has given me the follow
ing tranflation.

No veils were then o'er marble ftructures fpread •,

No liquid odors mower' d round the head *,

The n eareft grove fupplied its choicell green,

And cluft'ring branches form'd the artlefs fcene ;

Rude feats of turf, in order rofe around ;

Where fate the fwains, with many a garland crown'd.

Ver. « E'en then both rich and poor are cloth'd
alike."

88 NOTES.

-Similemque videbis

Orcheftram, et populum,"—

In the divifions of the Roman Theatre (for thofe of
the Greeks were different,) orcheftra fignified the
place where the dances were performed : it was next

the pulpitum or ftage, but not on a level with it j and,
as affording a good view of the actors, was ufually
frequented by the fenators, who had chairs placed
for them there. In his feventh fatire, Juvenal makes
his poet borrow thofe chairs to accommodate his audi
ence at a private houfe :

" Quaeque reportandis pofita eft orcheftra cathedris."

Our ruftic theatre had no fuch orcheftra of courfe •,
and Umbritius here ufes the word figuratively for the
fpace neareft the actors, where the wealthier villagers
fat.

In the next line the poet purfues the contrail be
tween the luxury and extravagance of Rome, and the
frugality of the country : there the meaneft of the
people affifted at the theatre dreflcd in white ; here
the ^Sdiles only, under whom the plays were acted,
and whofe importance is, according to cuftom, ironi
cally magnified.

It is fingular that this mould have efcaped Dryden j

NOTES. 89

•clari velamen honoris,

" Sufficiunt tunica) fummis -didilibus alba?."
He renders

" In his white cloak the magiftrate appears,
" The country bumpkin the fame livery wears."

Which is directly contrary, not only to the intent, but
to the words of his author.

GIFFORD.

>

Ver. 264-. « A pafling nod fhall haughty Coflus

deign."

The original is infinitely more humorous ; Quid das ut
Cosfumaliquandofalutes ? What will you give that Cos-
fus may fome times permit you to falute him ? In de
fence of my own inaccuracy, I can only plead the ex
ample of former tranflators. It has been fuggefled
to me that " falutes" refers to the attendance of the
client at the levee ; for which falutare is the appreci
ate word ; this may poflibly be the cafe, but in no tran-
flation, that Ihavefeen, is the paflage thus interpreted.

Ver. 268. " This minion fhaves his head, this

lops his hair."

It was cuftom of the wealthier Romans to dedicate
the iirft {having s of their beard, and pollings of their
K 2

90 NOTES.

hair, after they arrived at a flate of manhood to
deity. Thus Suetonius and Dio tell us, among a va
riety of other inftances, that Nero inclofed his in a
golden pix, adorned with pearls, and offered it with
great ftate to the Capitoline Jove. The day this was
done by the rich, was kept as a feftival, and prefents
were expected from relations, friends, and clients, as
on their birth days, &c. This, however, is not what
provoked the fpleen of Umbritius : he complains, and
juftly too, that thefe prefents (hould be exacted from
the poor dependant, not only when his patron, but
when his patron's minions, firft polled and fhaved ! He
is indignant, that it (hould be neceflary to pay them
tribute, as he calls it •, fmce, poffefling the ear of the-
lord, no means of accefs were left the client, but
through the good pleafure of thefe proud flaves^
which could only be purchafed by prefents,

GIFFORD.

Ver. 295. "For thus^fo wife fo provident their care,
The inking walls our mailer ftewards repair."

. -. — — « nam fie labentibus obftat

Villicus, et veteris rimag contexit hiatum."

This feems to me, the mod obfcure and difficult paf-
fage in the whole poem j it is thus rendered by Mr.

NOTES. 91

" For thus the ftewards patch die river wall,
" Thus prop the manfion, tottering to its fall."

But what ftewards ? If this tranflation be correct
I muft own myfelf unable to comprehend the allufion.
By "villicus" 1 fuppofe,that Juvenal means the prefect
of the city, whom in the following fatire he defignates
by the fame term.

modo pofitus villicus urbi.'

By this interpretation the ftrict connexion of the
pafTage with what precedes becomes evident.

Ver. 308. " nor (lill you wake,

For, fmce its ravages begin below,

Your garret laft the raging peft will know."

" Tu nefcis •, nam fi gradibus trepidatur ab imis,
Ultimus ardebit," &c.

The pafiage is given thus by Mr. Gifford :

" •" up, ho ! and know

That when th' impetuous peft begins below,
The topmoft ftory foon becomes its prey," &c.
But this is certainly wrong, the meaning of Juvenal is,
that the height of the houfes was fo great, that the un
fortunate tenant of the garret might be wrapt in ileep,

92 KOTEfc

while the (lories below were in flames. The words
" nam fi gradibus trepidatur ab imis," &c. are expla
natory of " tu nefcis." The conjunction « nam",
which (as it is always caufative) clearly proves this to be
the cafe, is omitted in the tranflation of Mr, Gifford.

Ver. 310. « Juft ice is it aid, the matron rends her

hair,"

We have here a very accurate defcription of a public
mourning for any fignal calamity. The women laid
afide their ornaments j the fenate put on black ; the
courts of juftice deferred all bufmefs, &c. That all
this would be done on fuch an occafion as the prefent,
may be reafonably doubted ; — and yet if we duly at
tend to the ftate of Rome in our authors time, we
fhall not be inclined to fufpect him of much exaggera
tion •, for to be rich and childlefs gave the perfon fo
circumftanced the utmoft confequence.

GIFFORD.

Ver. 324?. " And all fufpect him author of the

fire."

Martial has the fame thought on a fimilar erent, ex-*
pr efled with no lefs elegance and brevity.

" Empta domus fuerat tibi, Tongiliane, ducentis :
« Abftulit hanc nimium cafus in urbe frequens*

NOTES. 93

fc Collatum eft dccies. Rogo, non potcs ipfe videri
" IncendiiTc tuam, Tongilianc, domum ?"

The fmgular art with which the poet contrails the
different fates of Codrus and Aflurius, has not, I truft,
efcaped the notice of the reader ; any more than the
dexterity with which it is made conducive to the great,
indeed the fole, object of the fatire.

GIFFORD.

Ver. 3 iO. "Tis fomething e'enone lizard to poflefs."
" We alked Dr. Johnfon" (fays Bofwell, in his amu-
fmg life of that author) " the meaning of that expres*-
fion in Juvenal, umus dominum lacertoe. Johnfcn, J
think it clear enough ; it mean-* ''S much ground as
one may have a chance of finding a lizard upon."
And fo it does ! and this, the Doctor might have
added, is very little in Italy.

GIFFORD.

Vcr. 3 13. " In filent anguifli rolls his fleeplefs eyes."

In the following quotation, the reader will recog^
nize the " energy" of Lucretius •, it is taken from his
defcription of the plague at Athens.

Quippe patentia cum totas ardentia nocteis
JLumina verfarent occulorum expertia foma

9» KOTES.

For their broad eye-balls, burning with difeafe
Roll'd in full flare, forever void of fleep.

GOOD.

Ver. 353. " Whilft as he moves the willing crowd

gives way.1'

We have here another lively picture of the mifery at
tending the great inequality of fortunes in a ftate fo
conftituted as that of Rome. The rich rapidly, and
almoft without confcioufnefs of impediment, moving
to the levees of the old and childlefs ; while the poor
whofe fole fupport probably depended upon their early
appearance there, are hopelefsly ftruggling with "dan
gers and difficulties that fpring up at every ftep to re
tard them.

GIPFORD.

Ver. 360. " And foldiers hob-naiPd fhoes indent

my toes."
« et in digito clavus mihi mihtis haeret."

The following is Lubin's explanation. "Id eft cal-
"ceus, multis clavis fuffixus, digito pedis mei infigitur."
Boileau has imitated this whole paflage in his fixth
Satire.

" L'un me heurte d'un ais , dont je fuis tout froiflj
Et d'un autre coup mon chapeau eft renverfe". &c.

NOTES. 95

Ver. 363. " See from the dole what clouds of finokc

wife."

The dole, sportula, was the portion ef meat received
by each client who accompanied his patron home from
the forum. The poet obferves, that each of thefe cli
ents was followed by his kitchen, and as it farther ap
pears, preferved fome ftate at home ; it is probable
that his view here was to expofe the meannefs and av
arice of the rich, who were content to fwell the train
of the vain or ambitious, and to exact the dole in confe-
quence of it, to the manifefl injury of the poorer claim
ants, in whofe favor the diftribution was firft inftituted.

GIFFORD.

Ver. 375. " Behold that carriage heapM with maf-

fy ftones. "

This feems to be an oblique attack on the phrenzy of
the emperors for building; as it was chiefly for their
ufe, that thefe immenfe beams, mafTes of ftone, &c.
were brought to Rome. Juvenal, however, lived to
fee the evil, in fome degree, leflened, at leaft, if we
may credit Pliny, who celebrates Trajan (Paneg. c. 2)
for his moderation in this refpect. Here is the paflage,
and it is a very pertinent one. He firft commends him
for being tam*parcus in xdificanfo qttam diligent in tucn-
do • and he immediately adds : Itaqiic nw ut ante im-

S6 NOTES."

manium "transvectlone saxorum tirlis ted A quattuntur :
Stant secure domusy nee jam templa nutantla.

GIFFORD.

Ver. 388. « Without a farthing to get ferried o'er."
The ancients believed, that the fouls of the deceafed
could not crofs the Styx, without paying a trifling fare
to Charon, for their paflage 5 this they were careful to
put into the mouths of their dead friends, previous to
their being carried out for interment. This idle notion,
the Romans borrowed, together with other fooleries,
from the Greeks : it does not indeed appear to have
been general ; but the vulgar, who every where adopt
ed it, adhered to the cuflom with the mod fcrupulous
pertinacity, and feared nothing fo much as being con-
figned to the grave without their farthing.

Lucian frequently fneers at this fancy : and our au
thor who, amidft his belief of a future ftare, had fenfe
enough to mark the folly of the prevailing fyftem, ev
idently points his ridicule at the monftrous abfurdity
of the practice.

GIFFORD.

Ver. 40 1 . " The drunken bully ftrives to fleep in vain

Whofeeks, &c."
There is a furprifing fimilarity between this paflage,

VOTES. 97

and one in the Proverbs of Solomon. " Enter not
into the path of the wicked, and go not in the way of
evil men : for they flecp not except they have done
mifchief, and their reft is taken away except they caufe
fometo fall. ' Chap. 4. 14.

The picture which follows ; the hurnorous, but
ftrong and indignant, picture of the miferies to which
die poor were expofed by the brutal infolence of de
bauchees, roaming in queft of objects on whom :o ex-
ercife their cruelty ; is no exaggeration of our author's ;
grave hiftorians have delivered the fame account.
Thus Tacitus, in his life of vero •, who, by the way,
appears to have been one of the firft difturbers of t]\z
public peace. " In the garb of a (lave, he roved thro'
the ftrects, attended by a band of rioters, who offered
violence to all that tell in their way. In thefe mad
frolics he was fometimes wound, d ;" not with impuni
ty, however, for it appears that Julius Montanus was
put to death, for repelling his infults.

GIFFORD.

Ver. 4-68. « In my ruftic garb array'd."

In the interpretation of the word caHgafus, I follow the
opinion of Mr. Ireland, who fuppofes " caliga to
mean a country (hoe, as diftinguilhed from a town
flioe." This interpretation confifts with the general
drill of the fatire, and the preference which Umbritius
L

98 NOTES.

gives, in every inftance, to the country. The con
cluding obfervations of Mr. Gifford, are conceived
with tafte and exprefled with elegance and precifion.
" There is fomething, he remarks, exquifitely beautiful
in the conclufion of this fatire ; the little circumftan-
ces which accelerate the departure of Umbritius, the
tender departure of his friend, the compliment he in
troduces to his abilities, and the affectionate hint he
throws out, that in fpite of his attachment to Cumae,
he may command his afliftance in the noble talk in
which he is engnged, all contribute to leave a pleafing
impreflion of melancholy on the mind, and intereft
the reader deeply in the fate of this neglected, but
virtuous and amiable afcetic."

ADDITIONAL NOTES.

Ver. 83, " Him who arraigns when Verres felf

thinks fit," &c.

« Carus erit Verri qui Verrem tempore, quo vult
" Accufare poteft."

I am afraid no commentator will juflify the trans
lation I have given of this paflage, The follow
ing is the note of Lubin : « qui novit Verrem furem

ADDITIONAL NOTES. i)0

efle ilium Verres in fummo pretio, quamvis invitus
habebit : timcbit ne ab illo prodatur," and the trans
lation of Mr. Gilford, conveys the fame idea. Yet as
I have had the temerity to give a new interpretation,
I may as well attempt to fupport it : In the firfl place
I am inclined to believe that the phrafe " quo tempo-
re" always refers to fome particular period, and is ne
ver ufed indefinitely. \Ve cannot therefore tranflate
the fentence, " He who can accufc Verres, at any
" time that he may think proper, &c." but mull ne-
ceflarily render it : " He who will accufe Verres at
" that particular time, when Verres himfelf wiflies to
" be accufed," &c. alluding to that historical anecdote
•which I have given in the former note on this vcrfe.
In the next place, I think this interpretation is more
confident with the general purport of the paflage, die
fubftance of which may be thus comprefled : " At
" Rome the poor are almofl entirely dependant on the
" great, how then mould I continue to live there, who
« neither know, nor would practice the arts by which
" alone their favor is to be acquired. Honorable fer-
" vices meet with no remuneration ; he alone who will
" aflift them to commit or conceal their crimes, may
« hope to (hare their wealth j but however great and
« tempting be the reward, do not at the expence of the
" peace and tranquility of your mind, purchafe a favor
u fo precarious and fo dangerous."

106 ADDITIONAL NOTES.

Ver. 193. " Nor dare to hand the wanton from
her feat."

Ladies of a certain defcription at Rome, were ac-
cuflonied to feat themfelves on lofty chairs, that the
adorers, who approached, might have a fuller and more
leifurely view of th eir charms j or in the coarfe lan
guage of Ferrarius : " Ut accedentes fcortatores vena-
ff lem mercem attentius confiderarent."

Ver. 453. " That fear'd no tyrants, and that knew
no crimes."

This language is too bold, it may be faid, even for
Juvenal to have employed, and I muft own that it can
not be juftified by the letter of his text : yet I am con
vinced from his allufion to the mode of government
which prevailed in thofe early and happy ages, that he
meant to fuggeft the comparifon, which I have open
ly exprefled. In confirmation of my opinion, I find
that Rigaltius in his difiertation " De Satyra Juvenalis"
quotes this paflage, amongft others, in proof of the
erect and independent fpirit of the Satirift j they do in
deed difcover, (as he exprefles it,) « ingens retinendae
« libertatis defiderium."

ORIGINAL POEMS.

LINES ADDRESSED TO MISS *

NOW warm, Apollo, with the Poet's fire

A youth, who ne'er has touch'd the Mufe's lyre ;

Unform'd by art, and uninfpired by love,

Ne'er taught his words in meafur'd drains to move :

O aid him now with (kill, to hold the rein,

He ne'er will mount your Pegafus again.

While to the God, I thus addrefs'd my pray'r,

A fudden voice I heard, or feem'd to hear :

Prefumptuous youth, reflrain awhile thy flight,

Be ftill content to read, ftill fear to write ;

Yet if the Fair command the votive lay,

Attend, and what the God (hall dictate, fay.
L 2

102 ADDRESSED TO MISS ***** ******.

0 may thy modeft worth, fweet girl, foon find
Its beft, its fole reward, a kindred mind •,
May fome bleft youth (reprefs all vain alarms)
Have fenfe to know, and heart to feel thy charms ;
Then (hall thy virtues all their force difplay,
Then (how confpicuous in their brighteft day.

I fee thee now, the mother and the wife,

Grace all the duties of domeftic life j

With looks of love, yet mix'd with gentle awe,

1 fee the little circle round thee draw.
Thy precepts all, an eafy entrance find,
And grave indelibly the tender mind.

What care to guard their unfufpecting youth f
What (kill to guide their infant thoughts to truth 1
If chance, while thus engaged, thy lord furprife,
Joy fwellshis heart, and lightens from his eyes fy
With grateful love he {trains thee to his breaft :
Above all riches and all triumphs bleft —
He ceas'd t* infpire ; the mind no longer glows,
Reduc'd henceforward to mere humble profe.

LINES TO THE
MEMORY OF COWPER.

O Bard, of all that ever touch'd the lyre,
Sweeteil and moft unfortunate ; the heart
Whofe chords of fympathy, in unifon
To thy pathetic drain, with confcious joy
Forget to vibrate, of nature, virtue,
Truth, funplicity, has loft all relifh :
The heart, that for thy fufferings does not bleed
That knows thy cruel and peculiar fate,
And is not torn with pangs of trued grief ;
To the fell and gloomy favage, of blood
Infatiate, o'er whofe mind felf reigns fupreme,
Carelefs of others woes, may well belong ;
But inmate of the bread, can never be
Which focial life has foften'd. Happy they
Prevailing Bard, who with congenial foul

104 TO THE MEMORY OF COWPER1

Thy page peruse ; whofe thoughts, feelings, pafiions,
Prompt to thy great bidding move •, as thy mood
Thou chang'ft, and op'ft with fkilful hand the fprings
Whence Poefy her richeft treafures draws,
Now at the follies fmile, and now the guilt
Deplore, of man benighted : as Nature's
Varied fcenes thy magic pencil paints,
And bodies, warm as life, to fancy's view,
*Are partners of thy genuine raptures :
Thrice happy they, if in thy higher flights,
They ftill can follow thee, with wing unflagg'd,
And whilft the foul, exulting, fcorns the ties,
That hold to earth, and ftill by faith upborne,
Afcends, foar with thee fublime. Pure thy heart,
O Cowper, and thy page that purity
Reflects : no fceptic taunts of Ignorance.

* Thou kno <u?ft my pra'ife of nature •, moft fincercy
And that my raptures are not conjured up>
To serve cccaftons of poetic pomp,
But genuine, and art partner of them all.

Talk, book 1,

TO THE MEMORY OF COWPER.

The fruit, and Pride, here (hock the pious mind :

Nought here appears, from which th' ingenuous maid

Her modcO: eye, with blufh indignant, turns :

But he that can perufe thee, and not feel

The fparks of virtue, e'en though quencH'd theyfcem'd,

Kindle into flame, and mount within him,

Is a wretch forever loft, unworthy

Of the name of man : Vain were thy terrors,

Or if immortal blifs, incffabb,

Thou doft not now enjoy, the gates of blifs

To all of Adam's lace, are ever clos'd^

LINES ADDRESSED TO

THE FASHIONABLE PART OF MY

YOUNG COUNTRYWOMEN.*

Ye blooming nymphs, our country's joy and pride,
Who in the ftream of famion thoughtlefs glide.:
No modifh lay, no melting ftrain of love
Is here pour'd forth, your tender hearts to move ;
Yet think not envious age infpires the fong,
Rejecting all our earth-born joys as wrong :
Think me no Matron ftern, who would repreis
Each modern grace, each harmlefs change of drefs ;
But one whofe heart exults to join the band,
Where joy and innocence go hand in hand,

* This and the following pieces stibfcribed L were given
me by the friend who furnished the introductory Letter „•
tnoft of them have been already published either in the Port
F9liot or the New-Fork Evening Poft,

TO MY TOUNG COUNTRYWOMEN. 107

One who, while modefty maintains her place,
(That facred charm which heightens every grace)
Complacent fees your robes excel the fnow,
Or borrow colours from the painted bow ;
But dreads the threatened hour of virtue's flight,
More than the peftilence which walks by night.
Say, in thofehalf rob'd bofoms are there hid,
No thoughts which (liame and purity forbid ?
Why do thofe fine-wrought veils around you play,
Like mifts which fcarce bedim the orb of day ?
What mean thofe carelcfs limbs, that confcious air,
At which the modeft blufh, the vulgar ft are ?
Can fpotlefs minds endure the guilty leer,
The fober matron's frowns, the witling's fneer ?
Are thefe the charms which in this age refin'd,
Enfure applaufc, and captivate the mind ?
Are thefe your boafted powers, are thefe the arts
Which kindle love, and chain inconftant hearts ?
Alas, fome angry pow'r, fome demon's Ikiil
Has wrought this ftrange perverfity of will :

108 TO MY YOUNG COUNTRYWOMEN.

For fure fome foe to innocence beguiles,

When harmlefs doves attempt the ferpent's wiles,

True, fafhion's laws iier ready vot'ries fcreen,

And ogling beaux exclaim, Oh goddefs, queen !

But vile the praife and adoration fought,

By arts degrading to each nobler thought •,

A bafe-born Icve thofe notes of praife infpires,

That incenfe rifes from unhallowed fires.

If deaf while {hnrne and purity complain,

If rcafon's gentle voice be rais'd in vain,

Thofe flowers you cull with fuch inftinctive art,

Shall teach the charms that captivate the heart.

The flaunting tulip you reject with fcorn,

Its hues tho' brilliant as the tints of mora :

But fearch with care, for humbler flowers that bloom

Beneath the gvafs, yet fcatter fweet perfume j

The buds which only half their fweets difclofe,

*You fondly feize *, but leave the full blown rofe.

*Tbe reader ivho does not perceive the beauty and delicacy
of theje images^ is not qualified to receive much delight
from poetry. E.

TO MY YOUNG COUNTRYWOMEN. 109

Humble the praife, and trifling the regard,

Which ever wait upon the moral bard ;

But there remains a hateful truth unfung

Which bums the cheek, and faultcrs on the tongue ;

And which, if modefly dill hover round,

Each virgin bread, with forrow muft confound :

" Thofe graceful modes," thus fay your flattering beaux

" From ancient times and tafles refin'd arofe"

Difgrace not thus the names of Greece and Rome ;

Their biith-pl ace muft be fought for nearer home.

Shame ! (hame! heart-rending thought! deep fuiking.ftain!

That Britain's and Columbia's fair fhould deign :

Nay, drive their native beauties to enhance,

By arts firft taught by proftitutes of France.*

Oh modefly, and innocence ! fweet pair
Of dove-like fitters ! dill attend our fair.

* Dr. Barrow in his Treatife on Education^ vol. 2, p.
305, fays<> " Our young 'women are probably little aware
•< that the fashionable nakednefs of the prefcnt day, IUM
" frft adopted- in this country in imitation of the rcvo-
" lutianary proftitutes of France"

110 TO MY YOUNG COUNTRYWOMEN.

Teach them, without your heavn'ly influence,

How vain the charms of beauty, or of fenfe,

Inveft them with your radiance, mild, yet bright,

And give their fparkling eyes a fofter light :

Enchanting dimples on their cheeks bellow,

And bid them with a purer red to glow :

Let winning fmiles too, round thofe dimples gleam,

Like fportive moon-beams, o'er the curling ftream ;

And if refentment on the mufe attend,

From thofe me loves, and truly would befriend :

Tell them how cruel and urijuft their ire,

How pure the feelings, which thefe lays infpire :

How oft me fighs, thofe beauties to impart,

Which charm the foul, and meliorate the heart.

LINES

ADDRESSED TO THE

YOUXG LADIES

' WHO ATTENDED

MR. CHILTON'S LECTURES

IN NATURAL PHILOSOPHY
ANN. 180t— 5.

The beads, that roam o'er Lybia's defert plain,
Have gentler hearts than men who dare maintain
That woman, lovely woman, hath no foul,
They too feem drench'd in Circe's pois'nous bowl,
Who grant the fair may have a foul to fave,
But deem each female born an abject (lave.
Give me the maiden of unfetterred mind,
By thought and knowledge ftrengthen'd and reiin'd,

112 TO THE YOUNG LADIES WHO ATTENDED

A gift like this more precious would I hold,

Than India's gems or Afric's pureft gold.

Ye maids, whofe vows to fcience are addrefs'd,

If thus your minds be fafhion'd, thus impress'd,

With joy your courfe purfue, nor heed the while,

Envy's malignant grin, nor folly's fmile \

Trace nature's laws, explore the ftarry maze ;

Learn why the lightnings flafh, or meteors blaz%

From Earth to Heaven your view enquiring dart,

And fee how order reigns in every part :

'Tis fweet, 'tis wholefome to frequent this fchool*

Where all is beauty and unerring rule ;

But ftrain'd refearch becomes not well the fair,

Deep thought imparts a melancholy air,

The fparkling eye grows dim, the rofes fade

When long obfcur'd beneath the fludious fhade :

Suffice it for a tender nymph to ftray,

Where ftrength and induftry have clear'd the way,

To cull the fruits and flowers, which blefs the

Endur'd by Newton, Verulam, or Boyle.

MR. CHILTON'S LECTURES. 113

Yet all poflefs not fenfes to enjoy

Thefe flowers fo fair, thefe fruits which never cloy.

There runs through all things that our powers can note

A golden thread that links the moft remote,

There is a kindred feature to be trac'd,

In things moft oppofite, moft widely plac'd ;

In matter thus, refembance may be found,

To foaring mind, whofe movements own no bound,

For as a fluid vainly ftrives to fave

A heavier mafs from finking in its wave ;

So in the mind made up of trifles light,

All weighty truths, o'erwhelm'd, fink out of fighta

A while perchance, it may endure to feel

A fober thought's dread weight, as poliuYd fleel

Dropp'd gently on the water's face, feems loth

To fink, but 'tis repulfion holds them both.

Fair Science, how thy modeft cheeks would glow,
If dragg'd to view, in fafliion's puppet fhow,
'Midft fops and feathers, figns and painted cheeks,
Soft maiden bluflies, and itrange maiden freaks :
M 2

114? TO THE YOUNG LADIES WHO ATTENDED

'Midfl fickening pleafures, wearifome delights,
Days doom'd to liftnefsnefs, and fleeplefs nights
111 would'ft thou fare amidfl this gaudy train,
Where all is treacherous, tranfitory, vain !
No, no, the fair, who pant for joys like thefc,
Not wifdom's richeft ftores of wealth could pleafe,
Let Heaven and Earth, for them, be rul'd by chance,
No laws they heed, but thofe which rule the dance ;
Their eyes faft fix'd on earth, ne'er love to roam,
O'er all the fplendors of the flarry dome,
For them, no Itcirs e'er (hone (ince time began,
With half the glories of a fpangled fan.

To you, ye nymphs, infpirers of my fong,
No features here portray'd, I truft, belong j
But fliould I fee a girl at knowledge aim,
T>ecaufe Philofophy's a handfome name,
Or who would learn becaufe the fafhion's fo,
And beckon fcience as Ihe would a beau,
This truth the trifler from my lips fhould know :

MR. CHILTON'S LECTURES. 115

" When nature {hall forget her 'ftablifh'd laws,
" And chance take place of an omnifcient caufe,
" When every creature fome ftrange powers (hall know,
" That cleaves the air, or treads the earth below,
" When bees, forgetful of their wonted (kill,
« Shall idly flaunt, while butterflies diftill
« The liquid fweets, or build the curious cell,
" Then may true wifdom grace a fluttering belle."

L.

LINES
ON COWPER THE POET,

WRITTEN AFTER READING THE LIFE OF HIM

BY HAYLEY.

Sweet melancholy Bard, whofe piercing thought,

Found humbleft themes with pure inftruction fraught,

How hard for mortal fight to trace the ways

Of Heav'n, throughout thy life's myfterious maze j

Why was it order'd that thy gentle mind,

Which fancy fired, and piety refined,

Should in this guilty world be forc'd to dwell,

Like fome bafe culprit in his gloomy cell,

Rous'd from its due repofe by feverim dreams,

By goblin forms, by din of fancied fcreams ?

Why was that fertile genius wafte and chill'd

By wintry blafts, its opening bloflbms kill'd ?

ON COWPER THE POET. 117

A foil where Yemen's fpicy buds might blow,

And Perfia's rofe a purer fragrance know !

Why bloom'd fo late, thofe fweet poetic flowers,

Bleis'cl by no fummer's funs, no vernal fhowers,

Which in the autumn of thy days were rear'd

By friendfhip's dew, by fickle zephirs cheer'd ?

I hear a diftant feraph bid me " hold,

" Nor tempt high heaven with enquiries bold,

" Weak fighted mortal, canft thou not difcern

" What from unaided reafon thou mighfft learn ?

" Had /ortune's fun-beams cheer'd his early days,

" Amidfl the foft favonian breath of praife,

" Thofe fruitful virtues, which fprung up fo fair,

" Thofe bloflbms breathing odours on the air,

" By weeds of pride and vanity o'ergrown,

" Unheeded might have bloom'd and died unknown.

" Prefumptuous mortal, 'twould become thee well,

" On this thy fellow mortal's life to dwell ;

" For in his breaft, when rack'd by fiercefl woes,

" To queftion heav'n, no daring thought e'er rofe ;

118 ON COWPER THE POET.

" His actions vice and folly view with fhame,
" His precepts foul-mouth'd envy dares not blame,
« His well Jov'd image ftill calls many a tear —
«' His cherifh'd name all ages fhall revere.

L.

LINES

WRITTEN7 IN NOVEMBER, 1805,

The fiends of peft, that from their dark wings flied
Infectious poifon round, at length are fled :
Her ftreaming flag Hygeia waves on high,
And foars triumphant in a cloudlefs sky •,
She bids new fires the languid eye relume,
The faded cheek revive in freflier bloom :
She bids warm hope elate the fainting heart,
And pour the tide of life thro' every part.
Now crowding fails the harbour fearlefs greet,
Sounds with loud hum the late deferted flreet -,
A fmile of joy, each brighten'd vifage wears,
Nor (hews a fingle trace of recent cares,

120 WRITTEN IN NOVEMBER, 1805.

Nor thus with me : with anxious thought I turn

Where widows weep, and lonely orphans mourn j

Still on my fancy dwell the fcenes of woe,

Whence gum their tears, and lading forrows flow.

He, whofe ftrong nerves were brac'd with health at night,

Feels the fwift peft, before returning light,

A morbid yellow ipread o'er all the fkin,

Declares the pangs that rage and wafle within :

Death rolls a burning tide thro' every vain,

And drives his phantoms 'crofs the wilder'd brain :

Th' affrighted neighbors fly the tainted ground,

And horrid filence reigns o'er all around j

All aid is fruitlefs, vain is e^ery care

And hope foon yields to uncontrolPd difpair.

E'er the fhrill (hriek proclaims he is no more,

Th' impatient hearfe already haunts the door :

In a rude cheft, the corfe yet warm, is plac'd,

The hardened driver fpeeds with cruel hafte ;

In a loofe pit, the corfe yet warm, is thrown,

Deck'd with no turf, by no memorial known ;

WRITTEN IN NOVEMBER, 1805. l2

No rites are paid : no mournful train attends,

Nor o'er the grave, in pious anguifh bends

Such are the fcencs that fix the wandering mufe,
And the heart bleeds at what the fancy views :

And tho* the fears, which late appall'd my bread,
For thofe dear lives, in which my own is bleft,
Have ceab'd to act, a pious a\ve remains,
Which bows the foul, and o'er the fancy reigns,
Which turns, from fcenes of idle mirth, the view,
And gives to every thought, a folemn hue.

So when a florm collects, whofe gathered gloom
Lightnings alone, with fitful flafh, illume :
If chance, half blinded by the tranfient blaze,
O'er the wide heath, a peafant, fearful, ftrays :
Tho' paft the ftorm, he reach his cot unharm'd,
Not yet fubfide the thoughts, that late alarm'd,
And while hi , children joyful crowd his chair,
He lifts to God, who fav'd, the folemn prayer.

VERSES
ADDRESSED TO A LADT,

Who maintained that there is more happinefs in general
at an advanced period of life, than in childhood.

Thy dimpled girls, and rofy boys
Rekindle in thy heart the joys,

That blefs'd thy tender years ;
Unheeded fleet the hours away ;
For while thy cherubs round thee play,

New life thy bofom cheers.

Once more, thou tell'fl me, I may tafte,
E'er envious time this frame (hall wafte,

My infant pleafures flown.
Ah ! there's a ray of luftre mild
Illumes the bofom of a child,

To age, alas ! fcarce known t

ADDRrSSED TO A LADY. 123

Not for my infant pleafures pad

I mourn : thofe joys, which flew fo faft,

They too had many a ftain ;
But for the mind fo pure and light,
Which made thofe joys fo fair, fo bright,

I figh, and figh in vain.

Well I remember you, bleft hours I

Your fun-beams bright, your tranfient fhowcrs—

Thoughtlefs I faw you fly j
For diflant ills then caus'd no dread,
Nor car'd I for the moments fled,

For mem'ry call'd no figh.

My parents dear then rul'd each thought,
No blame I fear'd, no praife I fought,

But what their love beflow'd :
Full foon I learnt each meaning loot,
Nor e'ef the angry glance miftook,

For that where rapture glow'd.

ADDRDSSED TO 1 LADY.

'Twas then when evening call'd to reft,
I'd feek a father to requeft

His benediction mild :
A Mother's love more loud would fpeak,
With kifs on kifs (he'd print my cheek,

And blefs her darling child.

Thy lighted milts, and clouds, fvveet Sleep 1

Thy pureft opiates, thou doft keep,

•

On infancy to fhcd j
No guilt there checks thy foft embrace,
And not e'en tears and fobs can chafe

Thee from an infant's bed.

The trickling tears which flow'd at night,
Oft had thou day d, 'till morning light

Difpell'd my little woes ;
So fly before the fun-beams pow'r
The remnants of the evening fhow'r*

Which wet the early rofe.

ADDRESSED TO A LADY.

Farewell bled hours ! full faft ye flew,
And that, which made your blifs fo- true,

Ye would not leave behind ;
The glow of youth ye could not leave,
Cut why, why cruelly bereave

Me of my artlefs mind ?

The fair unwrinkl'd front of youth,
The vermeil cheek, the fmile of truth,

Deep lines of care foon mark ;
But can no power preferve the foul,
Unwarp'd by pleafu.e's foft controul,

Uumov'd by paflions dark ?

Thefe changes which o'ertake our frame,
Ahs ! are emblems of the fame ,

Which on our foul attend ;
Yet who reviews the courfe he'h run
But thinks where life once more begun,

Unfpotted it ihould end.
N 2

126 ADDRESSED TO A LADY.

Vain thought ! the evening's firm refolve
We break ere morning clouds diflblve,

1 hen boaft the life we'd led,
Would heav'n but infancy reftore :
Thus o'er an idle dream we pore,

But flight the waking deed.

Fond Mother ! hope thy bofom warms,
That on the prattler in thy arms,

Heav'n's choiceft gifts will flow :
Thus let thy prayer inceflant rife,
Content, if he who rule> the ikies,

But half the boon beftow.

« O thou, whofe view is ne'er eftrangM
" From innocence, preferve unchang'd

« Through life my darling's mind ;
« Unchang'd its truth and purity,
« Still fearlefs of futurity,

" Still artlefs, though refin'd.

ADDRESSED TO A LADT. * 127

« As oft his anxious nurfe has caught
« And fav d his little hand, that fought

" The bright, but treach'rous blaze :
" So may fair wifdom keep him fure
" From glitt'ring vices which allure

" Through life's delufive maze.

" Oh may the ills, which man surround,
« Like paffmg fhadows on the ground,

" Obfcure, not ftain my boy !
" Then may he gently drop to reft,
" Calm as a child by deep opprefl,

" And wake to ciidlefs joy.

LINES TO PETROSA,

charms, Petrofa, which infpire
Unnnmber'd fwains to chant thy praife,
Bid me too join the tuneful choir,
My faint and tim'rous voice to raife.

And though more lofty fongs invite,
Regard, for once, an humble fwain,
The warbling thrufh can oft delight.
More than the fkylark's louder ftrain.

Thy heav'nly form, thy virtues too*

In notes of praife afcend the fkies •,

To opening charms, which ftrike the view,,

Unceafing afpirations rife.

LINES TO PETRCSl.' 129

But midd thefc charms by all confeft,
One fault thy hopelefs fwains declare ;
A heart there dwell:; within that bread.
Which knows no love, which heeds no prayer.

Dcfpondent fighs, and notes of pain
Delight, they fay, Petrofa's ear :
To fue for pity were as vain,
As from the rocks to ask a tear.

Oh fenfclefs throng ! that callous bread
Proclaims her nature's favor'd child
While others pine, with love oppreft,
Her thoughts are free, her flumbers mild.

And all that foftnefs which gives grace,
And honor to the female heart,
Though didant from its wonted place,
She harbors in a nobler part.

130 JuINES TO PETROSA.

For though that heart to every found,
Which would companion move, be dull,
The foftnefs, which fhould there be found,

Kind nature granted to her skull.

L.

A SONG.

No more glows the weft, with the fun's parting beams,
The (hadows of even defcend o'er the fcene,
The moon, her mild light, thro' the blue heaven dreams,
And the filver rays tremble the branches between.

Tis here in this filent recefs of the grove,
Where the ftreamlet's foft voice alone meets the ear ;
Tis here that 1 wait, anxiouj wait, for my love—
And the leaves' gentle ruitle gives hoe p (lie is near.

I fee, thro* the tall trees, her fairy form glide,
A white flowing robe lightly veils o'er her charms,
While my eyes dill purfue her, (he darts to my fide—
With quick tranfport I rife, and am preil in her arms.

A SONG.

The vows, that fo often have pafs'd, I renew,
She hears, fhe approves, with a fweet trufting (mile,
And curft be the wretch, who,that fweet fmile, could view,
And a thought entert in of deception or guile.

I fwear by the light, which now foftens the grove,
That light fo propitious ! to lovers fo dear !
I woujd fooner lofe life, than lofe Anna' love —
I would fooner lofe life, th.in caufe Anna a tear.

ANACREON,

ODE 37,
BARNES' EDITION.

See Spring advance, with lightfome pace,
Joyful mien, and blufhing face !
Murk the Graces, in her train,
Scattering rofes o'er the plain !
As in his troubled ftream they lave,
See old Ocean fmooth his wave !
The bird that fled from winter's fight,
Returning fpeds his homeward flight ,
The darken d fun repairs his beams,

And now in all his fplendor flumes.
o

134< ANACREON — ODE 37.

No longer ftorms deface the year •,
Again the ruftic's toils appear ;
Frefh-fpringing flowers deck the vale,
And breathe a rich and fragrant gale ;
With leafy honors crown'd once mote,
The olive guards his rip'ning {lore ;
The gadding vine o'erfpreads the ground,
And weaves his flexile arms around ;
The grape, with purple juice, 'gins fwell,
The juice, whofe joys I love to tell.

IMITATION1.

AMERICAN SPRING.

See Spring advance, with changeful face,
Diforder'J mien, and trembling pace !
Now on the turf ihe loves to red,
And deck with op'ning flow'rs her bread ;
She moves, and verdure fpreads the ground,
She fmiles, and nature fmiles around :

But foon dark frowns her face deform,
She calls again the winter-itorm ;
He drives his blails acrofs the fcene,
And withers all its riling green.

136 IMITATION.

Now reigns the Sun, in perfect day,
And Earth, exulting, owns his fway ;
And now, mvolv d in clouds, retires,
And burns with ineffectual fires.

The fearful ruftic feeks his field,

Which hope fcarce tells, what crop (hall yield,

V/ith anxious look, regards the fky,

And hardly dares his labor ply.

The trees, fcarce flrew'd with leaves, appear.
And feern the coming blaft to fear :
No poet chaunts his " wood notos wild,"
Nor haunts the grove « rapt fancy's child."

Yet Spring, tho' changeful be thy face,
In every change thou haft a grace,
A grace, that in my partial eyes,
Excels the charm of Afian fkies.

AXACREON,

ODE 39,

BARNES* EDITION.

\V~hen I quiff rich generous wine,
I feel, at once, a glow divine ;
Poflefs'd with all the mufe's fire,
Strike, with rapid hand, the lyre.

"When I quaff the mantling bowf,
Care and grief defert the foul,
All anxious thoughts are put to flight,
As clouds before the morning light.

When the mantling bowl I quaff,
Jjlly Bacchus prompts the laugh,
Rolls me o'er midft fragrant flowers,
And fleeps in mirth the carelefs hours.
o 2

1S8 ANACREON ODE 39.

When I quaff rich generous wine,
A chap'et round my brows I twine
And fing to each enraptur'd gueft,
The pleafures of a life of reft.

When I quaff the mantling bowl,
The God of love invades my foul ;
I feel, I feel the fair one's charms,
And lofe my fenfes in her arms.

When in cups of ample fize,
The fparkling juice attracts my eyes,
I joy, where youth and wit invite,
To pafs in focial mirth the night.

* Remote from care and public flrife,
Thefe are the joys, which fweeten lifer
Thefe bleffings to my (hare ftill fall,
Tho' death may come, who comes to all.

TRANSLATION

OF ONE OF THE CHORUSES
IN THE

PROMETHEUS OF AESCHYLUS

Prometheus is reprefented as chained to a rock, by
the command of Jupiter for having conveyed fire from
heaven and taught the ufe of it to men : for having
alfo inftructed them in many ufeful arts, of which it
had been decreed that they (hould remain ignorant.
The chorus is compofed of Sea-Nymphs, who addrefs
him as follows :

Oh may no thought of mine e'er move,
The vengeance of almighty Jove !
Ne'er (hall my incenfe ceafe to rife,
Due to the powers who rule the fkies,

140 TRANSLATION.

From all the watery domains,
O'er which my father Ocean reigns ;
And till his towery billows ceafe
To roll, luliM in eternal peace,
Ne'er Ihali an impious word of mine,
I;i\;verence mark to power divine.

Lightly flew my former days,
With not a cloud to dim the rnys
Of hope, which promis'd peace to fend,
A. id golden pleafures without end.
Bat what a blaft now mars my blifs,
Prometheus, at a fcene like this.
While thus thy tortures I behold,
I [hudderat the thoughts fo bold,
Which could impel thee to withfland
For mortal man, Jove's dread command,

Where now the aid from mortals due
For all thy deeds of love fo true 2

TRANSLATION.

Alas ! their fhadowy ftrength is vain,
As dreums which haunt the feverM brain ;
Ah ! how fhouM fleeting {hades like thefe
Refiil almighty Jove's decrees ?

Such thoughts will rife, fuch drains will flow
Prometheus, at thy bitter woe.
How different was the drain I fang,
When round thy bridal chamber rang
The voices of the choral throng,
Who pour'd the hymeneal fong
To thee, and to thy joy, thy pride,
Hefione, thy blooming bride.

WAR SONG,

FROM THE GREEK OF

TYRTVEUS.

Habemus etiam Tyrttei illius reliquas, qui

« mares anhnos in martia bella
« Verfibus exacuit."

Omnes, de bellica fortitudine, de patrix amore, de
immortal! gloria virorum in acie ftrenue occumbenti-
um, quse timidis etiam audaciam addere poflent ; qui-
bus Lacaedsemonios debititatos jamdudum fractosque
aniino, ad certam fpem victorbe erexit.

LO\VTH, de Sac. Poe. Heb. Prselec 1, p. 16.

Spartans, roufe, your country calls,
Children, Wives, your aid demand ;

Curft the wretch, whom fear appals,
Save, oh ! fave your native land.

WAR SONG.

With foul-fraught ardor, feck the fight,
And (lied your blood, with proud delight,
Prefs forward, in compacted band,
And death prefer to ihameful flight.
Each advancing choofe his foe,

* Fix the teeth, and knit the brow,
Strain the finews, fwell the breaft,
Shake horror from the lofty creft ;

With ftrong ri^ht hand, the faulchion wield,
Set foot to foot, and fliield to ihield j

* Stiffen the ftneivsj fummon up the blood —
Now fit the teeth) and Jlrctch the noftrilt wide,
Hold hard the breath and b^nd up every fpirit
To his full height.

HEN. 5. A. 2, S. 2.

Before the publication of Dr. Farmer s EJfa^ this
coincidence might have been adJuced with fome plauftbility,
as a proof of Sh ah/ pc are's knowledge and imitation of the
ancients — It does indeed prove thut both pjcts Qbjcr<ued na
ture with equal accuracy.

-==<_

• WAR SON&,

As the foe approaches near,
Wrench his fword, or weighty fpear,
In mighty grafp, entwine him round,
And hurl him, ftruggling, to the ground,

Know, that the man, whofe facred fword
Is drawn to guard his native land,

Tho' forc'd from light, by Mars abhorr'd,

To wander o'er the Stygian ftrand,
Does not die ; tho' earth receive
His corfe, his glory (till (hall live ;
Tho' ftretch'd, and dull, and cold he lie,
He triumphs (till, and DOEO AOT DIE.

ODE

FROM THE SPANISH OF GARCILASO DE LA VEGA

How bled is he, who free from care
Inhales the country's wholefome air,

'Midft folitude and fhade ;
Who from his brenft each anxious thought
Drives far away, nor harbors aught,

That can his peace invade.

The haughty threfholds of the great,
Their crowded halls, and lordly ftate

No longer ho frequents ;
Nor on the falfe and flattering race,
Who hunger after power or place,

His indignation vents.

P

14-6 ©DE FROM THE SPANISH.

He's now no more oblig'd to feign,
To afk, to tremble, or complain,

As fuits the changing hour ;
But free in thought, in word, and deed,
Directs his fteps as chance may lead,

And dreads no lordling's power.

Thofe objects, that are wont infpire
So many breads with wild defire,

He views with calm difdain :
Carelefs alike of wealth and place,
He fcorns to join the fordid race,

A worthlefs prize to gain.

Beneath the oak or chefnut's (hade,
Whofe branches canopy the glade,

In mufing wrapt he lies •,
Or marks the quiet herds that rove
Wide fcatter'd thro' the neighb'ring grove,

And feafts his roving eyes.

ODE FROM THE SPANISH. 1*T

Thro* pebbly channels limpid flows
A itre.\m, which Toothing to repofe,

In murmur- glides along.
While birds who own no matter's fwny,
\Varble their fweet, tho' untaught ky,

And pour the varied fong.

With bufy hum the bee now plies
From tender flower to flower, and flies

With fragrant load oppreft —
While all that can compofe the mind,
The ruftling leaves, the whifp'ring wind,

Invite the foul to reft.

N.

TRANSLATIONS FROM TASSO.

The following tranflations from the u Jerufalem
Delivered," afpire to little more than the praife of
faithful, and indeed almoft literal interpretation, if
upon comparifon, they mould be found to convey a juft-
er reprefentation of the original, than the correfponding
paflages of Mr. Hoole's Verfion, the fupenority muft
be afcribed to the peculiar fitnefs of blank verfe, as
the medium of tranfiation, where the origin?.! is A>
remarkably diftinguimed by energy, majefty, and fim-
plicity of ft He ; qualities, v/liivn, it C^not be denied,
are more eafily attained or prefcrved in blank verfe,
than in rhyme. It muft, in a great meafure, be owing
to his choice of the latter, that Mr. Hoole is moft
deficient in thofe particulars, in which TaiTo chiefly
excels.* The fubject naturally fuggefts a remark,

* // may be objected that Taffo hlmf'lf made choice of
rhyme ; but it should be recollected, that the Italian octave
ftanza is fufceptible of nearly as m.ich eafe anl variety
' cu blank verfe.

TRANSLATIONS FROM T1SSO. H9

which modern readers and writers of poetry would
bear perpetually in mind ; it is, that Homer, Tuflb,
and M.iton, the inoft fubli ,,e and impreflive of poets,
are at the fame time the mod fimple in their ftyle,
and the moil fparing in the ufe of epithets.

God fends Gabriel to the city of Tortofa to com
mand Godfrey to aflemble and roufe to action the
Chriftian leaders, and to inform him of his appoint
ment to the chief command.

GilR. LIB. CAN. 1, ST. 13 15.

Thus (pake th' Omnipotent ; and Gabriel ftraight
Prepared to execute his dread beheiL
His angel form invifible, with air
He cloath'd, and to the fight obtufe of man
Subjecting, feign'd a human fhape and face,
Which (till celeftial majefty retain'd.
He feems, not yet a youth, nor ftill a child,"
P 2

150 TRANSLATIONS FROM TASSO*

And round his locks, a radiant glory plays ;
His wings, of pureft white, are tipt with gold,
Upborne on thefe, in fwifteft flight, he parts
The wind and cloud ; on these, fublime, he foars
O'er earth and fea, unconfcious of fatigue.
When thus array'd, the herald of the fkies,
Towards this low earth, obedient, bent his way ;
O'er mount Libanus firft, his rapid courfe,
On equal balanced wings upheld, he check'd j
Then down directed to Tortofa's plain
His flight precipitate. The glorious fun,
Now juft emerging from the eaftern coaft,
Was ftill, in part, beneath the waves conceal'd,
And Godfrey, as his pious ufe requir'd,
Addrefs'd his orifons to heav'n, when lo !
From th' eaftern fky, and with the rifing fun,
Tho' brighter far, the meffenger of Heav'n
Appear'd, and thus the chriftian chief befpake.

N.

TRANSLATIONS FROM T1SSO. 151

Armida having endeavoured, in vain, to prevent the
departure of Rinaldo from the enchanted Ifland, vents
her indignation in the molt paflionate exclamations
and returns to her palace vowing revenge on her faith-
lefs lover.

Impetuous thus, with interrupted voice,

She raves, as from the folitary fhore

She turns her fteps. Her wild difhevell'd locks,

Her rolling eyes, and face with rage inflam'd,

Declare the furies that pofleft> her bread.

Now to her pabce come, with direful voice,

Three hundred hellim fpirits (he invokes ;

The fun grows pale ; dark clouds involve the fky,

And ruming whirlwinds make the mountain tops ;

Lo ! from beneath infernal founds proceed,

And, frequent, thro' the ample halls are heard,

Hifles, and howls, and fhrieks, and fearful yells ;

O'er all a more than midnight darknefs broods,

Thro' which no mingl'ing ray is feen, fave when

The light'nmj's flam gleams thro'th' obfcure profound ;

152 TRANSLATIONS FROM TASSO,

The (hades at length difpers'd, again the fun,
While noxious vapours ftill opp/efs the air,
Reftores his pale, and yet uncertain light :
No palace now appears, not e'en a trace,
To mark the fpot where late it flood, remains.
As when in clouds fantaflic forms are feen,
Arid air-built piles of fhort endurance,
Which the wind difperfes, or the fun difTolves,
Or as the fancies of a fick man's brain,
So vanim'd quite the palace j nought remains,
But alpine rocks, in native horrors clad.

Ger. Lib. Can. 16, S. 68, 7 1,
N.

TRANSLATIONS FROM TASSO. 15$

Ifmeno, the Pagan Sorcerer, to deprive the Chris
tians of all means of repairing their warlike engines,
enchants the wood which had fupplied them with tim
ber, and from which alone it could be procured.

In a lone valley, from the chriflian tents

Not far remov'd, afcends a lofty wood,

Whofc clofe-rang'd trees, in ancient rudenefs wild,

O'er all around diffufe a fearful made.

Here, when the noontide fun (limes brighteft, dwell*

A fad. uncertain, glooming light* ; like that

Which doubtful breaks thro' Ikies by clouds obfcur'd,

When day to night fucceeds, or night to day ;

But when the fun withdraws his beams, here foon

Prevail impenetrable gloo.n, and night,

And horrors like th' infernil, which the fenfe

Opprefs with blindnefs, and appal the foul.

Hither no (hepherd e'er, no herdfman guides

* « A little glooming light much like a shade "

Spencer, Fairy Queen, Can. 11.

154» TRANSLATIONS FROM TASSO,

His flocks his herds or food or {hade to feek.
No trav'ller here, lave when bewilder'd, treads ;
But feeks a d: riant path, and marks with awe.
Hither, by night, the witching hags, in crowds,
Each by her paramour attended, come ;
They come by clouds upborne, this under ihape.
Of hideous ferpent, this of goat deform'd.
Shamelefs aflembly ! which the fhadow vain
Of fancied good, thus ufcs to allure,
With filthy (how, and vile, to celebrate
Its impious nuptial rites, and feails profane.
Thus flood belief ; and none that dwelt around
This dreaded wood, had ever torn a branch ;
Its facred (hades the Franks (for hence alone
Might they their engines rear,) firil dar'd invade.
Hither, of night the filence deep and apt
Awaiting, came Ismeno, on the night
Next that on which the tow'r, that threatening hung
O'er Siorv s walls, in flaming ruin fell,

TRANSLATIONS TROM TASSO. 155

And trac'd lr- , . ul the Tigris imprefs'd.

And now ungirt, with one foot bare, recelvM

Within the round, he mutterM forceful fpells ;

Thrice to the E.ilt his face he turn'd, and thrice

Survey'd the realms, where finks the fetting- fun ;

And thrice that w.md he (hook, with which the dead

Evoking from their tombs, he oft compels

*lo live and move again ; with naked foot

Thrice ftruck the ground ; then fhouting loud exclaim'd,

" Hear, hear, O ye, who from the (tarry fphere,

c< By founding ILhtnings, were precipitate

" Hurl'd down ; as well, ye,Jwho the ftorm excite,

«' A id tempelt, wand'ring habitants of air;

" As ye, who minifter to finful fouls

« The caufe of endlefs woe, inhabitants

" Of Erebus, I here invoke your aid •,

« And thine, dread king of Hades' flaming bounds ;

« Take in ftrict charge this foreft, and thefe tr ,>es,

" Which, number'd, to your care I now

156 TRANSLATIONS FROM TASSO,

« As to the foul, the body both abode

" Supplies, and vefture, fo fhall unto you

" Thefe trunks, that thus the Franks far hence may flee,

" At leaft the axe withhold, and dread your rage."

He faid ; and words fo horrible fubjoin'd,

As none but i pious tongue may da e repeat ;

At which the lights adorning the ferene

Of night fhine dimly ; and the troubled moon,

Her horns in clouds involving, difappears.

He then, enrag'd, with fhouts redoubled, cries :

" Invoked fpirits, do ye ftill refufe

" Your prefence ? whence this long delay ? perhapij

« Sounds yet more potent, more occult, ye wait ?

" Nor have I yet forgotten, thro' difufe,

" The fureft method of the direful art ;

« Still do I know, from mouth with blood defil'd,

" To fpeak that gre'At, that dreaded name, at which

«" Hell dares i ot deaf or obftmate remain 5

" Nor Pluto's felf be careieis to. obey.

TRANSLATIONS FROM TASSO. 157

« What thus? what thus?" Yet more he would have faid,
But ftraight he knew the charm comp etely form'd.
* Unnumber'd fpirits came and countlefs ; fome,
Who wand'ring dwelt amid the fields of air,
And fome, forth ifluing from the gloomy caves
Profound of earth, with tardy motion came ;
The high decree yet dreading, which their ufe
Of armed fight forbad •, but thus to come,
Did not prevent, nor in thefe trees to dwell.

GLR. LID. CAN. 13. S. 2 11,

N.

* Innnmerabill infniti. Several injlances cf the adoption
of this Italian idiom, if I am not greatly tnifakcn, are
to be Jcui.ci .?* A+utofi tlo 2 cantiOt readily tui n to the.
pajjages. Ed.

BONNETS— T

SONNET

FROM PETRARCH — I

Zefrotorna, e'l bel tempo rimena.

Now Spring returns, and lead her fmiling train,
And fpreads, o'er hill and vale, the living green ;
Again with mufic, wakes the woodland fcene,

And decks with flowers, of varied hue, the plain ;

The winds are hulh'd, and peace broods o'er the main,
The meadows laugh beneath the blue ferene,
O'er earth, air, fea, the power of love is feen,

And thrills through all that lives the pleafing pain ;
But not to me the genial fpting reftores
The joys, her prefence erft was wont infpire,
But wake*, to anguiih wakes, the fenfe of woe :

SONNETS — I. 159

Iti vain, her chirms on all around fhe pours,
Thee, Laura, ftill thefe cheerlefs eyes require,
And reft of thee, no gleam of pleafure know.

This exquifite fonnet has been imitated, and per
haps equilled, by Dra.iv.nond of Huwthornden, (part.
2, fon 7.) inde d all the fonnets of that admirable,
though neglected poet, are truly Petrarchian, and un
doubtedly the molt perfect which our language can
boafl. If we believe Mr. Good, the learned and po
etical tranflator of Lucretius, Petrarch is himfelf an
imitator. (Good's Lucretius, v. 1, p. 13.)

160 8ONNETS — IT.

ANOTHER FROM THE SAME.— It,

Pommlj ovilfol occlde ifarl e Ferbay &c*

Yes ! place me, where the fun, with hlafting ray,
Kills every herb ; or where perpetual cold
Has fix'd the feas, in icy mountains roll'd ;
Or mid bleft climes, that boaft the tempered day,
And perfect year, exalt to wealth and fway -,
Or let proud fortune every gift withold ;
* Let Death, with damp and murky wing infold ;
Or thro' each vein life's rapid current ft ray •,

* Seu Mors atrls circumvolat alls.

Hor. B 2, Sat. 1, L. 58.
Or Death's black iving already be difp/afd,
To wrap me in the univerfai shade : Pope.

SONNETS II. 161

Whether Oblivion fhroud, or Fame refound,
In heaven, on earth, or in th' abyfs profound,
Such as I was, ftill fuch (hall I be found ;
Still will I pour the deep, the heartfelt ftrain,
Still o'er my bread fhall Love, and Laura reign,
The fource of all my blifs, and all my pain.

The idea of this fonnet was evidently fuggefted by
the celebrated ftanzas, with which Horace concludes
the twenty-fecond ode of his firft book.

Pone me, pigris ubi nulla campis &c.

Drummond furniihes another fuccefsful imitation.

(Part 1. Son. 69.)

Q 2

162 SONNETS III.

TO MISS . Ill,

Tho* love be faid to have infpiring force,

And e'en in untaught breafts to wake the mufe,
That neither thoughts, nor words, doth then refufe,

But gives to flow of tender verfe the Courfe :

Yet in my faithful bread, tho' long the fource
Of love, fervent and pure, as e'er could boafl,
Themoft enraptur'd of Apollo's hpft,

Ne'er can the " cruel boy," this law enforce.
Ah ! wonder not, tho* apt on other themes,

The mufe mould here be mute ; to fpeak my love,
Thy merits to exprefs, a tafk fhe deems,

Which to attempt, would folly only prove —
Not Maro's felf could hope, in equal verfe,
Thy virtues, grace, and beauty, to rehearfe.

SONNETS — IV. 163

TO THE SAME.— IV.

O thou moft cherifh'd in my fecret heart,

With pureft zeal enftirin'd, and worfhipp'd there,
Still, dill I fee, as when compcll'd to part,

Thy trembling form — the wildly penfive air
With which thou bad'ft adieu — the big drops dart,

And courfe thy pallid cheek — thou breath' it a pray'r,
That he, who reigns above, will deign impart

His grace divine, and fave us from defpair.
What were my feelings then ? — to madness wrought,

Now, in convulfive glee, I laugh aloud —
Now, fix'd as marble, (land entranc'd in thought,

While woe's dark vifions on my fancy crowd ;

Till rous'd at length, " I cannot, muft not fhiy"— . *

Preft thy cold lips again, and rufli'd away.

SONNETS — V.

V.

« His virtues form' d the magic ofhisfong"

***•>-#**%

Cowper, afljrtor of the moral fong,

Thou England's glory, in degenerate days,
And juft inheritor of ancient praife,

How fhall I fpeak thy worth, nor do thee wrong ?

Unforc'd by art, in native vigor ftrong,
Thy pure, and fimple, and pathetic lays,
Replete with thought, and bright with fancy's rays,

Proclaim thee firit amid the tuneful throng •,

Yes ! in thy verfe a fecret charm we find,

A charm not taught, and ne'er attained by art,

At once it gratifies, and fills the mind,

And foftens, wakes, and meliorates the heart.

'Tis that we trace thy mind, and virtues here,

And that we know, and feel thee ftill fmcere.

•OXNETS —

VI.

O Burns ! when I perufe thy nervous page,
Where, fcenes adorn'd by genius' bnghteft
And pathos* fofteft tints, the fpirit views,
Feelings, at once of mingled fcorn and rage,
Will rife, againft the proud and felfifh age,
That wonder'd at thy wild unlctter'd mufe,
And while it prais'd, yet, niggard, could refuft
The proper meed ; nor rais'd thee to the ftage,
Where God and nature deftin'd thee to (land j

Whence had we fecn thy genius all difplay'd,
And dreaming fplendor o'er thy native land,

All thy bright foul, in warm effulgence ray'd ;
But left thee on bleak poverty's dark ftrand,
Where f weeps the furge, and chilling blafts invade

'166 SONNETS — 7LU

TO WILLIAM COBBETT, ESQ.

JtLITOR Of THE POLITICAL REGISTER — FII.

Cobbett ! altho' thy blind or envious foes

With bafe attempt, impeach thy honed fame,
And brand thee with each foul opprobrious name,

Still perfevere ; with fearlefs pen expofe

The " bold bad men" who caufe thy country's woes j
Still perfevere, with fix'd and condantaim,
Till every bread fhall feel the patriot flame,

Whence England's proud and ancient glories rofe.

Should thofe black clouds at length be over-blown,
Which menace ruin to thy native land,

The day mud come, when ALL thy worth fhall own,
And give the praife, thy zeal and cares demand,

•BOXNFTS — rn. 167

"When Factions felf no longer d are accufc,
And thou (halt g.iin a wreath from every Mufe.

Notwithstanding the prejudices which prevail fo ex-
tenfively in this country, I difdain to make any apology
for the aoove Sonnet. I ow.i, I cannot help feeling an
intereit in the fate of England j and I am firn.ly
pjrluidod, that no man, of common fenfe or candor,
can peruie with attention the writings of Mr. Cobbett,
an d not be convinced both of the integrity of his mo
tives, and the importance of hi$> c

90NNETS— -VIII.

VIII.

J, late efcapM the city's noifome air,

T he din of ccnr merce ard the bufy throng

"Who feek for wealth, by methods right or wrong,

And wafte their lives in toil, their fouls with care,

With joy, to nature's artlefs fcenes repair -,

Unfpent in breath, in new-born vigour ftrong,
O'er rocks, and rufhing ftreams 1 bound along.,

And e'en the mountain's higheft fummit dare 5

Awhile I paufe to catch a frefher gale,
Then to fome diflant field I dart away,

Plunge in the wood, the grove, or fhaded vale,
And loft in wild uncerum rapture ftray :

I feel n-y thoughts to nobler heights alpire,

And ftrikt, with bokltr haucl, the fouiuih^ lyre*

169

JONNETS IX.

IX

How fwcct to draw the fragrant breath of morn •,
To mark the fun's large orb majeftic rife,
While rapid dreams of light o'erfpread the (kics,

* And fleecy clouds in thoufand hues adorn !

How f\veet in fome romantic glen, that lies

Beyond the rage of noon, where ftreamlets, borne
Down broken channels in the rough rock worn,

Roll murmuring on, to reft and clofe the eyes !

How fweet, at eve, to climb the mountains height,
To fee o'er plains below the (hade extend,

And watch the progrefs of departing light,

At length, with flow and mufing ilep defcend,

And reach our cot, as falls a darker night ;
There meet the charms, w ich love andfriendfliip blend.

* The cloids in thoufand liveries dight.

L'ALLEGRO,

TRANSLATION OF COWPER'S VOTUM.

Cowper's Poems, v. 1, p. 284.

Ye dews of morn ! ye breezes wafting health !

Ye groves and green banks of the murmuring ftream

Ye turf-crown'd hills ! ye vales of cool recefs !

The fimple pleafures, that I once enjoy'd,

In my paternal fields, remote from art,

From fear remote, would but the fates reftore :

The world unknowing, to the world unknown,

How gladly would I fpend my future days,

And wait ferene and calm th' approach of age ;

And when my years, years not unbleft, have cloPd,

And death, with gentle fweep, has laid me low,

O may the fwelling turf, or filent (lone

Alone denote where I fecurely lie.

IMITATION
OF SOME STAXZAS

FROM THE

AM3RA OF LORENZO DE MEDICI.

O mifer chi tra 1'onde trova fuora, &c.

Unhappy he, who wand'ring far from fliore,

Amid the ocean's wafle, where night has fpread
Her thickeft glooms around, and tempefts pour,

And wreck their fury on his fencilefs head,
Expects the day, and flill by hope mifled,

Fancies the (hades of darkneL 'gin retire ;
Fancies he views the ftreaV s of paler red,

Which fpeak th' approach of the eternal fire,
That ftill far 'neath the waves, his brilliance doth attire.

172 IMITATION.

How different is the happy lovers* lot,

Ne'er point their wifhes to the coming day ;
All griefs difmified and anxious cares forgot,

Their thoughts tend folely to their amorous play ;
To them obfcure and tedious is the day,

And the fun lingers to conceal his beams •,
But night, with lightning-fwiftnefs, fpeeds her way *,

And oh ! far fliorter than the day it feems,
And fcarceit feems begun, when morning twilight gleams,

*STANZAS
OF A POEM

ENTITLED THE

TRIUMPH OF WOMAN.

CONTENTS.

Invocation — fecret aflembly of the ladies — charac
ters and fpeechesof feveral of the members Euphelia
rifes — dominion of man not founded on the advanta
ges of his corporeal frame ; many animals fuperior to
him in (Irength, fwiftnefs, &c. yet all have been tam'd
to his ufe or dread his power ; nor on any natural fu-
periority of his mental faculties ; but folely on the igno-

* There is a conftderable hiatus in the manufcript of this
poem ; should the pub.ic add " aide deflendus" it may p of-,
fibly be Jitpplied.

R 2

l74( TRIUMPH OF WOMAN.

tance in which woman is defignedly kept — knowledge
is p wer — neceflity of the cultivation of the mind —
prediction of the confequences which will refult from
fuch cultivation — applaufe and refolutions of the afiem-
bly — engagement of Mr. Chilton, &c. — wonderful
progrefs of the ladies in every branch of fcience— - .
alarm and terror of the beaux — concluCon.

O were I fkill'd in necromantic lore,

*And could employ the might of magic fpell,
Forth from his lowly bed, Dan Spencer hoar,

With rite of forcefull fway, would I compel j
In reverent accents pray the thade to tell,

Whence flow the charts that ft ill entrance the mind.
And give his fong all others to excel ;

Ah who thy lay infpir'd, what fairy kind,
All thy verfes fmooth'd, and every thought refin'd.

* . — — — O who can tell

7 he bidden power of herbs, and might of magic fpell.

Spencer, F. O. b. v, c. ii

TTUUMFIl OF \VOMAN. 1*5

The folemn epic trump like thee to found,

And roufe the giant War with mighty blaft,
While Horror, Rige, and Danger crowd around,

And Terror wildly glares, " in trance aghafl ; *
Of ancient deeds to tell and ages pad,

When lordly Chivalry maintained his fwny,
And each true knight, in burnifti'd mail yclafpt,

Rufh'd ardent forth, his fummons to obey,
While glory from their helms his brightefl beams did ray;

I dare not afk •, this envied height to tow'r,

And foar undazzled to the folar flame,
Is thine alone ; may " bale and bitter ilowre"

Purfue the wight, that would impeach thy fame ,
Enough, O courteous (hade, to gild my name,

Thy lefler praifes (hould'ft thou chufe impart,
The harmony, that Murder's fclf might tame,

The fimple graces that emove the hearr,
And happy negligence, that feems to fcorn all art-

176 TRIUMPH OF WOMAN,

Where Hudfon proud his mighty ftream outpours,

And fwells the ocean with his copious tide,
A fpacious city on his margin foars,

( f weftern realm the glory and the pride 5
What (lore of beauteous damfels here abide,

Who Love's fweet reign o'er every heart extend,
And fpread his triumphs round on every fide,

How mall my verfe compute ? or whom commend,
When for the golden prize, fo many fair contend ?

Not the fam'd rofes that in England blow,

Can boaft the vermeil tints and foften'd flufh,
That on thefe Damfels' cheeks are wont to glow j

Not fuch the luftre of Aurora's blufh,
If from the heart the lucid currents rum,

I , pell'd by anger or ingenuous fhame ;
The " foft embodied" fays, that fcarcely crufli

The waving grafs, whiles to the moon's pale flame,
Their feftive fports they hold, and rings myfterious frame*

TRIUMPH OF WOMAN. 177

Not with fuch grace, fuch airy lightnefs fleet,

As when thefe Dumfels, in the mazy dance,
Deceive the eye, with " many twinkling" feet 5

Who can refift that foft, that feraph glance,
That takes theravim'd foul, in pleafing trance,

^nd opes the joys of Eden on the mind ?
Let Fable now be filent, and Romance,

Not fpells like this amid their tales we find,
That thus fubdue the foul, and all the fenfes bind.

The vifions that enchant the poet's eye,

When youth is ardent, and when Fancy fways,
Tho' bright with colours of celeflial dye,

Tho' deck'd with infpiration's pureft rays,
Yet ne'er fuch tranfports of devotion ra'fe ;

Ne'er to fuch height of rapture lift the foul,
Nor match the charms, that here aflembled blaze ;

I feel tlieir influence now my bread controul,
And bid the ftream of verfe, its tide refiftlefs roll.

17B TRIUMPH OF \VOMAN.

Yet not thefe charms of perifhable grace,

Whofe fragrance and whofe bloom fo foon decay \
Not charms that Time hath licence to efface,

Should prompt, alone, my tributary lay •,
If not illum'd by that furpafling ray,

Which virtue poureth from her inward (brine,
My lyre, to found their praife, fhould not aflay ;

But here with beauty mental graces join,
And all the virtues bright with mingled luftre fliine,

Nor this their higheft praife ; but thoughts elate,

Which fcorn fubjection, and to rule afpire :
Which fcorn their fex's too dependant ft ate,

And plans of iunuvarion bold infpire ;
The love of fame, and freedom's holy fire

Here glow unquench'd in every female breaft :
Difdain of haughty Man, and generous ire,

On every female vifage, Hand confeft,
And frowns and threatning clouds each female browinveft.

TRIUMPH OF WOMAN. 179

AIi ! lovely woman, how fevere thy fate !

How joys the tyrant Man to caufe thy woe !
How many ways he fceks to gain thy hate,

And force the bitter tears of forrow flow !
Well may thy check with indignation glow,

A:iJ wjll thine eye, its angry lightning flafh ;
But now a fpeedy fall awaits thy foe,

Whom foon thy virtue from the height fhall dafli
OI All his pride, and wide fli.il! fpread the fatal crafh.

In all the regions of the varied globe,

(Where flames the fun, with unremitting ray,
And nature wears unchanged her fummer robe ;

Or where his beams fcarce dart the lingering day,
And on th' impaflive ice the light'nings play)

Woman the flave, ftill Man the lord we find ;
In camp and fenate ftill he bears the fway,

Wiiile (he (the privilege of thought refign'd)
To low delights, and mean domeftic cares is ftill confin'd,

180 TRIUMPH OF WOMAW.

But foon the Tyrant, in his turn, (hall mourn,

And bow his haughty neck to woman's rule,
While laurel wreaths her polifh'd brow adorn.

Tho' waters n antling in the ftagnant pool,
Kor cheer the fields, the fcorching air nor cool,

Yet, if releaf'd they fpread their dreams around,
(A fimile you'll fay of Homer's fchool)

With waving plenty laughs the teeming ground,
And fongs of grateful joy thro' all the vale refound.

And thus, when Woman {hall commence her re*gn,

Shall joyful earth the f«.t jd change approve ;
Then murderous War, with all t' e baleful train

Of vices, that the world triumphant rove,
Shall yield to Peace, and Harmony, and Love \

Again Aftnea from the ikies defcend,
And ne'er again her dwelling to remove ;

The paflions fierce their dying fury fpend;
And an eL o'ei our blu's, With (miles of rapture ber:

TRIUMPH OF WOMAN. 181

Mark avarice firft, with lean and fallow face,

And hollow eyes, of red and piercing glare ;
Loofe filthy rags his toil-bent form difgrace,

And hangs un kempt his foul and matted hair ;
His bofom feels one fole an d fordid care,

Vafl finning heaps of ufelefs drofs to pile,
Nor would he, from this drofs, a portion fpare,

For all the joys that bafk in beauty's fmile,
Or e'en the laurel wreath that waits Ambition's toil.

In league with him grofs ignorance is join'd,

Around whofe head eternal fogs do fwim,
Nathlefs his darknefs can he never find,

Nor careth for the Sun's enliv'ning beam ;
And tho' athwart the mift it fometimes gleam,

He (huts his eyes and will not take the light,
Nor will be waken'd from his ftupid dream ;

'Twould pity move to fee his wretched plight,
Yet laughs he aye, and feems a moft contented wight.

182 TRIUMPH OF WOMAN.

Thefe two here hold an uncontrolled fway,

And all before their fordid thrones do bend,
And all devotion at their altars pay •,

But whither, Mufe, unbridled doft thou tend,
Nor car'ft unthinking, whom thou doft offend ?

Certes, thy folly foon {hall work thee rue
Nor e'er repentance fhall thy raflmefs mend ;

God grant my terrors now may prove untrue,
And thou efcape the fangs of the enraged crew ;

" How hard the heart of proud oppreffive Man,

" How thick a mift involves his mental eye,
" How doth he mar our gracious Maker's plan,

" Which to his paffions vile he feeks to ply ;
" He fees your tears, he fees the burfting figh

" Rack your foft bofoms, yet unmov'd remains,
f( Finn as the oak, that rears his head on high,

" And ftands the monarch of the fubject plains,
" In vain, a tempeft blows, in vain, a deluge rains.

TRIUMPH OF WOMAN. 183

" Ah ! why has bounteous Nature thus fupplied,

" This dream exhaudlefs of obedient tears,
" If nought avaih to pour the willing tide ?

" What ray of hope our dark defpondence cheers,
" Since e'en our faintings, and hyderic fears,

" No longer touch the rugged iron bread
" Of man ? he deels his heart, he (huts his ears,

" To all our prayers however artful dred ;
" And all our efforts foils, the rod of i\vay to wred.
*****

* * * *

• * * *

Trembling ami ilcv.r the moded maid arofe,

One hand her fwelling bofom gently pred,
While all her face, with fudden crimfon, glows,

*And Hope and Fear ufurp, by turns, her bread ;
So o'er the greenfward, Nature's pleafant red,

Now dreams of light, with gentle waving, dray,
Now (hades of momentary darknefs red,

As flying clouds reveal or hide the ray,
Pour'd from yon golden orb, great regent of the day.

*The following attufiin, in one of Mr. Homes tragedies^
appeared to me to unite alm^ft e. ery excellence^

184- TRIUMPH OF WOMAN.

Awhile (he paus'd ! expecting filence reign'd ;

1 he firft faint accents on her lips expire *,
Again (he blufh'd ; but foon, frefh courage gained,

Diftinctly fpeaks, and all her fears retire ;
*So when the Zephyrs thrill their airy lyre,

And wake, with gentle breath, the confcious firings,
With gradual fwell, the trembling notes afpire,

(Sweet as the (train the bird of midnight fings,)
Till all the vale, with foft repeated echoes, rings.

Hope and Fear, alternate fw ay d his breaft9

Like light and shade upon a waving field,
Courfitig each other , when the flying clouds
Now hide, and now reveal the Sun*

^:re Cue analogy is remarkably perfect, not only between
light and hope, and bet ween darknefs and fear, but between
the rapid fuccejjlon of light and shade, and the momentary
nftticnces ofthzfe oppojite emotions ; and at the fame time,
the new image, which is prefented to us, is one of the mojl
beautiful andjlriking in nature.

Stewart's El. Phi. of the H. M.

page 308, quar- ed.

*So when the Zephyrs, &c. I ftncerely leg pardon of
the Critics, for calling the harp of JEolus the " lyre of
the Zephyrs.''

TRIUMPH OF WOMAN. 18

Woman, indeed, may boafc a right divine,

From Heav'ns own bounty flic derives her claim,
And whillt I live, (lull thought and deed of mine,

Aflert her rights and vindicate her fame ;
A nd ever, with loud voice, will I proclaim

Her as the lawful fovereign of the foul,
And while my veins fhali warm this vital flame,

E'en from the Northern to the Southern pole,
Unwearied will I try to fpread her juft control.

Nor you, ye fair, too proud, difdain the aid,

Which now I offer, with a heart fmcere,
Nor fcorn the poet, who has thus aflay'J ,

O'er vain revolting Man your fway to roar, ;
But to his verfes lend attentive ear,

A.ui with approving fmile rece'.ve the lay,
T'.ius from his bread difiblvc that icy fer.r,

Which binds the Mufe, long llruggling to the day,

Like fprinjing lark, ihe mounts, am! tune* her carol gay.
s

S861 TRIUMPH OF WOMAN.

\ '

Nor heed of witlings the malicious fneer,

Nor credit give, to th-ir aflertion bufe,
That fatire's hideous features would appear,

If torn the painted mask, that hides her face,
That even now, thofe features they can trace,

So ill the mask of praife is fitted on ;
A wretch were I, unworthy of your grace,

If this were true ; I own, I triiffc, that none
Will credit lies, more glaring than the noon-day Sun.

What ! I the fex deride, who round my heart

The filken cords of love fo ftrong have twin'd,
That from this durance I may never part,

Nor thefe fweet chains, with all my force unbind (
To truth's refulgent light, I v/een, mod blind

Is he, who fuch grofs folly dare maintain,
Beyond redrefs, corrupted is his mind,

Who could, with lie so foul, his conference (lain j
Of fuch low cenfurers, now fcorn I to complain ;

*

TRIUMPH OF WOMAN. 187

Ah ! who would dill the pulfe of youthly mind,

That with the hope of fame doth rcfllcfs beat •,
\Ylio with ^rave counfcl, or reproach unkind,

Would quench the flame of that celeftiai heat,
That warms the bofoms of the good and gre ,

And forces to contemn each forrow'd care,
And fhun the haunts where vice and fliamc do meet j

And yet I ween, there ftiil are men who dare,
This warmth and virtuous zeal, with madnefs to compare.

I grant, if lucre be the end of life,

And all our thoughts and c ires (hould thither tend,;
That {hould we mix in fuch ignoble ftrife,

And for fo mean, fo vile a prize contend ;
Then muit the lore of prudence all be ken'd,

And funk the light of the fupernal ray ;
Our finful nature by degrees to mend,

And climb the deep, where, mid ft eternal day,
F«dr virtue fits enthron'd, no more muft we aflay.

TRIUMPH OF WOMAN.

B.hold the flaves, whom avarice fubdues,

And drives, and goads, to unremitting toil *,
Mark, with what ftern delight the Tyrant views,

Their bootlefs labor, and exults the while
The wretches fuffer from his cruel guile.

For fplendid vifions ftill enchain the fijit
And mock their wifhes, and their efforts foil ;

What tho' the fiend their golden harveits blight,
Deluded and enthrall'd, they drudge from morn to night.

Belov'd of Heav'n, ye facred band, I hail,

Whofe virtuous breafts, the love of truth infpires j
Tho' Malice, Envy, mould your worth affail,

Tho' Poverty confine your large defires,
Your conftant purpofe ne'er Misfortune tires ;

Nor Woe extinguiflies the holy flame,
That whence it comes, ftill Heavenward afpires.

Ah ! why mould I reprefs the hope that Fame,
"Where yours me blazons full, may mark myhumblenpme.

TRIUMPH OF WOMAN. ISO

And hail ! ye mighty matters of the fong ,

Who e'en to thrilling rapture wake the foul \
To you the powers of magic fpcll belong,

For as ye lift, ye bear from pole to pole
The fpirit !apt ; now thundering torrents roll,

And dafh, and foam, impetuous to the plain —
H ave fcenes of Eden on my fenfes dole ?

Do Seraphs breathe that foft, entrancing (train ?
Ah I do r.ct dill the lyre, re found thofe. notes ajain.

But when diflblves the fervid fancy's dream,

To real life unwilling we return.
How vain all fublunary cares we deem !

How fcorn the limits of this tranfient bourne !
Miftaken youth ! thy facred duties learn,

And ftrive to fill the part, <!iat God has giv'n,
Tho* far more perfect blifs thy bofom yearn,

Know, 'tis our trial here that leads to heav'n,
He, that in floth repines, fhall never be forgiv'n.

190 TRIUMPH OF WOMAN.

And now my weaned hand, and wearied mind,

Demand repofe, and further toil refufe j
But mould Apollo round my temples bind

A garland, drench'd in pure caftalian dews,
The guerdon fair would vigour frefh infufe j

Perhaps, embolden'd by the voice of praife,
The Mufe might dare fome nobler theme to chufe,

The which adorn'd, a deathlefs name mall raife,
O'er Time's .unbounded fen, v/ith conftast fbmc, to blaze.

CONCLUDING SONNET.

Farewell ! bled fcenes, where Fancy pours her day,
And fheds a fofter, more romantic light ;
Where Beauty's living forms entrance the fight,

And fweeted mufic warbles from each fpray ;

Scenes, where the lonely bard is wont to dray,
And as your charms his warmed foul excite,
Paints what he fees in colors ever bright.

With flow reluctant ftep, I fhun your fway,

Bleil fcenes, farewell ! now folemn duties call ;
Now muft I mingle in the worldly flrife,

Of anxious care, of ceafelefs toil the thrall ;
And yet, mould Providence extend my life,

Once more emerging from the tranficnt gloom,

I'll quaff your fprings, and cull your faired bloom.

FINIS.

ERRATA.

Page 4, line 4, read amceni — 5, 11, where — 6, 6,
foenum — 8, camcenis — 10, 4, pnebere — 12, 3, pro-
mittere — 14-, 10, quse — 20, 10, comcedus — 22, 14,
bevis — 30, 5, recens — 38, 6, villicus — 4-0, 12, in-
felix — 4-1, 12, length — 42, 3, Afturi — 8, prseclarum
—43, 13, dome — 44, 3, Circenfibus — 13, feneftrae
111, 7, unfetter'd — 120, 1, not — 125, 1 7, were —
126, 3, lead— 128, 2, unnumber'd— 131, 8, hope—
142, 7, debilitatos.

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