Author .
Title
Imprint.
19— «7872-2 aPO
DEPAETMENT OP THE INTERIOE-U. g, GEOLOGICAL SUKVET
CHARLES D. WALCOTT, DIEECTOK
TIMBER CONDITIONS
PINE REGION OF MINNESOTA
BT
Hv bI^'ayres
EXTRACT FROM THE TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL REPORT OF THE SURVEY, ]WI«-1<JOO
PART V, FOREST RESERVES— HENRY GANNETT, CEIIEF OF
DIVISION OF GEOCiRAI'HY AND FORESTRY
WASHINGTON
GOVEBNMENT PBINTING OFFICE
1900
SV'-,
U
TIMBER COXDITIONS OF THE PINE REdlON
OF MINNESOTA
II. ]!. AYKKS
•21 (iEOL, PT r> 4-3 "''■'
CONTENTS
Pasrft.
Bounilaries 679
Species 679
Tiiiiber trees 680
DistriVmtiou 680
Exi>laiiatifin of iiia[) 6S1
Kstiiiiates 682
Classification of forest latnl 684
Forest history 685
Fires 685
Fires on stump land 687
Fire protection 687
New fjnjwth 688
Value of stump land 688
675
ILLI STItATlOX
1'latk CXLIII. ^lap nf the piiu- rt'jfiiju uf JliniiL't-ota, showing flassifieation
of htm Is In atlas.
TIMBER CONDITIONS OF THE PINE REGION OF
MINNESOTA.
Bv H. B. Ayres.
BOUNDARIES.
The pine lands of Minnesota, as indicated by the earliest surveys,
extended to the State line on the north and east, while southward
they merged into the hardwood "park i-egion" along the southern
lines of Pine and Kanabec counties. Thence westward the irregular
border passed near Milaca, Little Falls, and Wadena to Frazer City
and northward to the western extnMuitics of Red Lake and Lake of
the Woods.
SPECIES.
The trees composing this forest are:
Sjx'ciexfoiiiiil ill pi III' region nf Minnesota.
White pine Pinus strobus Linn.
Jack i)ine Pinus di variaita ( Ait. I Du M<:int de Coura.
Norway or red i>ine - Pinus resinosa Ait.
Tamaraclc Larix laricina ( Du Roi ) Koih.
White eedar Tliuja dccideiitalis Linn.
Red cedar Juniperus viririniana Linn.
Black spruce Picea niariana ( MilL ) B. 8. P.
White spruce Picea canadensis (Mill. ) B. 8. P.
Balsam Abies balsamea (Linn. ) Mill.
Hemhick Tsuga canadensis (Linn. ) Carr.
Aspen Populus tremuloide.s ^lichx.
White poplar Populus grandidentata Jlichx.
Balm of Gilead Populus Ijalsamifera Linn.
White birch Betula papyrifera ilarsh.
Yellow birch Betula lutea Jlichx. f.
Hard maple Acer saccharum Marsh.
Red uiaple Acer rubrum Linn.
White maple Acer saccharinum Linn.
Basswood Tilia americana Linn.
Red oak Quercus rubra Linn.
Burr oak Quercus niacrocar]>a Michx.
White oak Quercus all>a Linn.
Scarlet oak (Quercus coccinea Muenchh.
H79
680 FORKST KESKRVKS.
Black ai*li Fraxinus nigra Marsli.
White ash Fraxinus americana Linn.
White ehn TJlmus aniericana T-inn.
Rock ehii ITlmuiJ raceniosa Thoiiia.".
Slipi)ery ehn Uhuuf piilnwcens Walt.
Iroinvood Ostrya virginiana ( Mill. ) Koch.
Hai-kberry Celtis occidentalis Linn.
Butternut Juglans cinerea Linn.
Hickory (pig nut ) Hicoria minima ( Marsh. ) Britton.
Black cherry Prunu.« serotina Ehrli.
TIMBKII TRKES.
The trees now used fnv lumlxT are. in order of the amounts cut:
Timlier trees in pine regioii tif Minnexuln.
1. White pine. 5. Jack pine. St. Yellow birch.
2. Norway pine. 6. White elm. 10. Hard Uiaple.
3. Burr oak. 7. Tamarack. 11. White poplar.
4. White spruce. S. Basswood. 12. Rock ehn.
Of these twelve, but three, white pine, No]-way pine, and tnirr oak,
have been of conimereial importance.
Tamaraek has been extensi\el_v used iov railway- ties. Cedar is used
in large quantity for poles, posts, and ties. A small amount of jack
pine is eut and sold with Norway pine as lumber and many ties are
made of it for branch railroads, but its principal u.se is for fuel.
Spruee and a small quantity of aspen are iLsed for pulp.
Yellow birch, hard maple, basswood. ash. etc., are utilized for lum-
ber when accessible, but trees suital)le for lumber are much scattered,
and nntil I'eceutly land owners or l)uyers have paid little attention to
hardwt)od.
^lost lumbeiincn ha\e igntired evi-rytiiino- l»ut pine, but some have
estimated it in cords as fuel.
DISTRIBUTIOX.
The trees have their preferences as to soil. sul)soil. and exposure,
but there is so little ditference in large areas and so much varietj' on
almost every iO-aere tract that, excepting the larger tracts of sandy
lands and muskegs, the classes are so intermingled that the}' can not
be differentiated on a map.
White pine, like all' other trees, grows best in deep, porous, moist,
fertile soil, and in this region the effect of the climate and the tires
have often enabled it to establish itself on the best of the land in com-
petition with species which in milder climate and freedom from tires
would have crowded it out.
While Norway pine and jack pine enjoy good soil, they find most
fa\(:)rable starting places on sandy and gravelly lands, occasionally
AYREs,] PINE RP:GI0N of MINNESOTA. 081
fire-swept, such as the triangular tract of which Sturgeon Lake is the
center and the large crescent-shaped area extending from Brainerd to
Red Lake.
Burr oak also likes a porous soil and is foiuid as a timber tree on
the l)orders oi the pine land and on alluvial banks and bottoms. On
shallow soils, with hard clay subsoils, this species becomes a scrub
oak, notably on the bowlder cla3^s west of Park Rapids. Basswood
and maple are found on the verj' best uplands. Yellow ))irch, red
oak, aspen, white birch, and others are found on the medium quality
or inferior clay lands. Tamarack thrives on the loamy borders of
swamps, while black spruce is seldom found on dry land, but usually
borders and reaches out slightly upon the muskegs.
Within the borders indicated the only natural treeless areas are
uui.skegs or swamps and tlie few small prairie openings or parks in
the western portion.
KXPTvAXATIOK OF IMAP.
A \'ery prominent feature of the Minnesota pine forest is its variety.
The so-called original forest, or the forest found by the earliest
whites, was a complicated patchwork of kinds and conditions due to a
great variety of surface and soil, to the ceaseless strife between the
thirty-nine species of trees composing it, and to the effect of ever-
varying lires. Incidentally, the white man has greatly increased this
variety of conditions by cutting, burning, and clearing.
Some of the lines between the differing classes of forest are sharp
and distinct, but most of them are indetinite. Some areas of each
class are extensive, but many of them are very small and irregular in
outline.
To make a map showing such small details and such interlapping
and l)lending areas is impractical, not oidy because of the impossibil-
ity of printing such a map, but also because of the expense of col-
lecting such minute data. Fui'thermore it would not be good policj'
to publish a statement of the amounts and exact locations of standing
timber which timber thieves could use. Therefore the information
collected has been generalized to show the proportions of original
forest remaining, the approximate amount of standing pine timber,
the areas of stump land, and the land burned before cutting.
In presenting this information on the map the principal color has
been used to represent the more important feature of the forest and
the subordinate colors to show as nearly as possible the proportion of
the classes they each represent.
For example, a township is reported as cut over, with 10,000,000
feet of pine left. This township is colored yellow and dotted with
green, the green representing not the exact location but the general
proportion of standing timber. Again, where lines in the forest are
682 FOREST RESKRVKS.
iiuk'finito, and classes blend oi" natural borders fade into one another,
the lines must on the map be drawn sharp in order to print them.
The details of the actual condition are thus lost, but the proportions
are belie\ed to be approximately correct.
An unavoidable source of inaccuracy lies in the fact that some of the
land has not been thoroughly explored and estimated. Some thirty
townships are yet unsurveyed. and while they have been looked over
in a general way by timbermen, the estimates do not coverall the land,
and are.intcndL'd to be less than the actual cut or '"safe estimates."
Fomier estimates of the amount of pine-log timber in the State liave
Ijeen small for the same reason. The amounts stated were the amounts
known, and a large discrepancy often occurred in making allowance
for the unexplored areas. It is quite possible that the present esti-
mate may prove less than the cut, especially if tires are efi'ectually
checked and natural growth be permitted to increase by normal annual
accretions the size of the trees now standing.
ESTI>IATES>.
In making up the present estimate it was found that the comity
i-ecords were of no' use. but were rather misleading, with the few
exceptions where special assessments had been made, as in parts of
Itaska. Hubljard. and Lake counties. Large areas were found assessed
at a uniform valuation, I'anging from i^l to §3 per acre, whether tim-
bered or stump land, pine, hardwood, or open bog.
The areas assigned to assessors are often so large that it is impos-
sible for them to make a proper estimate of timber with the fluids set
apart for their remuneration.
The reports of lumbermen and pine-land owners have been equally
unsatisfactory for s(>veral reasons. Their lands art> not in large, con-
tinuous tracts, l)ut are isolated selected 40-acre lots, chosen on account
of the pine on them from the lands vacant or purchasable at the time.
Being picked areas, they do not represent the average, and their esti-
mates can applj' only to the tracts on which thej' were made.
A serious difficulty was due to the great number of small holdings
and the distant residence of the owners. This, combined with their
tjusiness reasons for not making known the amount of pine on their
lands, has rendered the collection of data from the owners impractical.
Tlic most satisfactory class of information has been tinit furnished
bv criusers who have estimated standing timber or looked after cut-
ting in their several regions. The estimates obtained from them have
not in all cases been a summary of their own cruisings. Ijut are partly
rough estimates, based on their general knowledge, in order to cover
the intei-mediate ground they have not cruised.
The need of careful estimates and appraisals by township assessors,
in order to levy a just taxation and f miiisli accurate knowledge of the
AYKES.]
PINE REGION OF MINNESOTA.
683
forest, is keenly felt by the owners and other taxpayers as well as by
those who are studying the maintenance of the forest.
In the following table the attempt is made to show approximately
the amount of forest material left in the pine region. In preparing it
especial care was taken to a\'oid making estimates on an imperfect
basis, such as applying an average of lands held by one person (selected
areas) to any large contiguous area. O^^enings, swamps, sapling and
hard-wood tracts must be averaged with these selected areas to secure
a fair factor for the whole region.
Tahlf shniriiu/ timher I'cnmiainr/ in jtliw rrtjiini itf Mlnnesotfl.
Cook
Lake
St. Louis
Itasca
Beltrami
Norman
Becker
Ottertail
Wadena
Hubbard . . .
Cass
Crow AVing .
Aitkin
Carlton
Pine
Kanaljec
Millelacs ...
Morrison
Benton
Log timber (million ft. B.M.).
White
pine.
900
400
440
500
400
50
230
3
6
300
850
40
160
250
450
70
1.30
10
1
Norway
pine.
Hard
wood.
Pulp wood ( thou-
sand cords).
Spruce.
100
1,000
1,500
800
500
10
50
2
12
350
300
20
40
50
50
10
20
4
1
Aspen.
Fuel (thousand
cordsj.
Hard.
Total I 11,190
4,819
500
1, 000
650
3, 000
400
3, 000
200
1,000
5
1
30
5
80
.5
10
1
10
1 1
100
500
20
200
50
1,000
30
70
30
30
10
10
110
5
45
5
10
2,780
10, 328. 5'
1,000
3, 000
8,200
8,000
4,000
100
400
100
50
1,000
2, 000
2, 000
3, 000
500
400
200
100
130
2
5, 000
10, 000
18, 000
17,000
8,000
280
2,000
800
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
10, 000
2,000
3, 000
1,000
1,000
500
1,100
73, 680
900
1,000
2, 000
3, 000
2,000
20
5110
10
10
3, 010
5, 000
3,000
1,000
800
700
200
300
800
24, 250
In comparison with the estimate of standing timber made by the
Minnesota chief tire warden in his annual report for the year 1S96. viz,
white and Norwaj' pine, 20,666,475.000 feet B. M., the present esti-
mate for ISltO of 16,009,000,000 feet B. ^L is less by 4,257,475,000 feet
B. M. This difference is not far from the cut of the intervening years,
and as these two estimates were made independently by summing
detailed data collected by extensive canvass, it seems tliat the amount
of standing timber has been learned as accurately as possible by the
(;84
FORKST RKSKKVES.
methods onipl<)V«'(l. As .suggested elsewhtTc in this article, township
assessors might, iit small additional cost in making their assessments,
collect such data and make our knowledge of such lands much moi'e
accurate. The estimate would thus be revised with each asscs.sment.
CT.ASSIFICATIOX OF FOliKST T.,AX1).
'{"he following table serves to show the general condition of the for-
est with reference to cutting and burning, with the explanation that
about '.to per cent of the stump lands are burned and that much of
the .so-called virgin forest has been burned and is now in the various
stages of restocking. ]Much of this area is mere bru.sh. and some of
it is open slough, muskeg, or meadow, which it has been impracticable
tf) separate.
Large areas have been burned over and large amounts of log tim-
ber have been killed and lost, of which there is no record and no
evidence. The fires occurred years ago and these lands are now
classed as cut over, because the timber trees that survived have since
been cut.
Cltissiji-catioii of jored land in pine region of Minnesolii.
^■™--- ^o'fis"!'
KridWii to have
Stump laiiils. been burned be-
fore cutting.
Cook
Lake
Square miles.
1,277
2, 2.37
2, .520
3.744
924
20
lOS
None.
Sqttare inilfs. Sqiiarf; viiks.
4 240
90 230
1,.S10 2,232
1,160 .576
400 ". 160
Itasca
Beltrami
Norman
Becker
Ottertail
144
430
260
216
Not, rpcf»rded.
Wadena
None. 400 40
228 .500 324
.504 1.2KI) 400
Hubbard
Cass
Crow Wing
Aitkin
20
70
.5.5
63
20
,S2
10
None.
1,080 Not recorded.
1,,SOO Not recorded.
Carlton
Pine
Kanabec
Millelacs
Morrison
Benton
790
1,000
580
280
400
40
a 14
Not recorded.
Not recorded.
Not recorded.
Not recorded.
Not recorded.
Total
11,882
12, 684
(I Partly recorded.
AVKEs.i PINE REGION OF MINNESOTA. 6b5
FOKEST HISTORY.
Where undisturbed 1)}- cutting, tlie forest of to-day differs from that
of a hundred years ago only as affected directly or indirectly by tire.
The oldest woods are fire scattered, especially where composed of
young- or middle-aged pine, having large trees scattered among it.
These large trees have almost invariably been marked bv fire at a date
older than the younger portion of the forest.
In the so-called original forest the scarred veterans of old fires
standing high above the common woods form a prominent feature of
the landscape.
Only a portion of the old burns were restocked with pine, however,
for large areas severely burned and without seed trees were occupied
>)y aspen and birch and are as yet very scantily timbered.
FIRES.
Thus it is seen that fires are not a novelty in these old woods, but
have for hundreds of years been a prominent factor in their history.
The coming of the whites and the general distribution of trappers
and "couriers du bois" through the woods by the Hudson Bay Com-
pany and the American Fur Company 100 to 140 years ago seem to
h-Ave been prolific of fires, for a very large proportion of the trees of
the older uniform forests are 100 to 1-10 years of age, and uuist have
started during that period. Later fires, especially those of 1840 north
of Red Lake, those of 1860 and 1878 northeast of Tower, and the gen-
eral fire of 189-4, have been very destructive, and since lumbering began
large areas untouched by the ax have been reduced by tire to brush
land, on which stubs and stumps of the former forest are abundant.
In the Seventh Annual Report of the Geological and Natural
History Survey of Minnesota. Prof. N. H. Winchell says:
During the seasKin [1878] all i)artit'H cdiniected with the survey have liad oi'casion
to uute the frequent and wanton destruction of the native forests by fire. It is esti-
mated that annually ten times as nuich pine is destroyed in the State as is cut by all
the mills. A large part of the triangle north of Lake Superior has been thus dev-
astated. The State has lost in this waj* more than as much pine as now I'eniains.
On the western Ijorder of the pine forest from Red Lake to Becker
County and southeastward to Brainerd, fires have been frequent and
severe. In this region pine is usually found in clumps that have
escaped the killing fires. The trees in these clumps are scorched and
partly killed, while the intermediate areas are open and brushv, with
many remains of large pine trees. The amount of pine log timbei
lost by these fires has been enormous, even within the memory of
lumbermen. Where accessible, much of the log timber can be used
immediately after being killed by fire, but in remote and undeveloped
territory losses have been very heavy, as the timber killed has neces-
sarily been wasted. Only a sTuall proportion of such losses has been
68n
FOREST RESERVES.
o-:timiitt'd <)i- rcoordt'd, but the foUowinjf notes illustrate some of the
dauiaire:
Damage from fire m pine region of Minnesota.
Date.
Locality. ' Killed.
1889
1894
1894
Various firet'
T. 144 X..R.39 W...
T. US X.,R.38 W...
T. 149 X.,R. 38 W...
T. 143X.,R.,S7 W...
T. 145X.,R.38 AV...
T.144X.,R.37\V...
T. 145X.,R.37 \V...
T. 146X.,R.37 W...
T. 146X.,R.38W...
T.144X.,R.31 W...
T. 144X.,R.32W...
T. 144X.,R.30W...
T.144X.,R.29AV...
T.144X.,R.27 W...
Feet B. M.
25, 000. OOO
9, 600, 000
55, 740, 000
105, 000, 000
10,000,000
165, 000, 000
55, 000, 000
97, 000, 000
25, 000, 000
122, 000, 000
22, 000, (X)0
70, 000, 000
45, 000, 000
90, 000, 000
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do
Do...
Do
Do
In these 14 townships there has been a known loss of 836 million feet,
which to-day would have been worth on the .stump §>3, 344,000. or an
average of some §1240,000 to each township.
Fires ha\e been very destructive in the northern part of the State
also. A large proportion of the area north of Red Lake and eastward
to Lake Superior (.several thousand square miles) has been reduced to
brush land, and several thousand acres are now bare rock on which
dead stubs and partly burned roots show that timber once grew. The
areas burned over, killing the timber before cutting, are now undeter-
minable. Those now known and shown on the map are but a fraction
of the whole. The area of these amounts to about 4, 760 square miles.
There is no way of closely estimating this amount. Roughly, it may
be assumed that this land averaged probably 2,00() feet per acre, or
1,280.000 feet per square mile. The amount killed was probably 8
billion feet.
In considering the damage by fires it should be remembered that
only a small portion of severely burned lands are soon restocked with
timber trees. This fact is illustrated by the condition of the old forest,
most of which was probably seeded on burns. The yield on such land
seldom exceeds 10,000 feet B. M. per acre (though 100,000 feet have
been cut on exceptional acres), and there are large areas that do not
average more than 1,000 feet per acre. Some 14,00() square miles of
original forest in the northern part of the State will not average 3,000
AYREs.] PINE REGION OF MINNESOTA. 687
feet of pine per aer(% iind it is proliable thut tlie iiverage yield for the
■whole pine region has been about this figure. The difference between
this figure and 10,000 feet per acre, which would be only a moderate
possible stand for white and Norway pine, may with reason be attrib-
uted to the effect of fires.
FIRES ON STUMP LAND.
Stump land is seldom found unburned. It is roughl}' eistimated that
!K) per cent of the cut-over land in the State has been overrun by tire.
In such burning mo.st of the seeds, seedlings, and seed trees are killed.
Whert> tiri's have been moderate and some seed trees survived, a new
stand of pine sometimes appears, but where severe the fires are fol-
lowed by aspen, birch, scrub pine, or brush.
The loss in liurning stump land is usually greatly underestimated.
Much of the land immediately after cutting has many saplings, which
in a few years would make timljer and seed trees. Fires kill these
and render the land nonproductive, or at least greatly reduce the
product.
Perhaps the best way to estimate the damage is to consider the dif-
ference between fairly stocked land yielding 10,000 feet per acre and
fire-swept land yielding nothing. About one hundred j'ears are
required to produce a crop of 10,000 feet per acre. This means an
average annual growth of 100 feet B. M., or 4:0 cents' worth of log
timber, per acre each year, besides fuel, etc. This amount, though
small, is in contrast with lands going delinquent for taxes, the com-
mon rate of taxation being about "i cents per acre. In the pine
region of the State there are about 1,000,000 acres of land on which
taxes are delinciuent.
In tabulating the delinquent lists it is quite noticeable that a great
proportion of deliiKjuent lands are in the old pineries, where soil
is light. The delinquent lands in Cass County number 116,000 acres;
in Crow Wing County, 08,000 acres, and in Millelacs County, 80,000
acres. Where exhausted forests and collapsed real estate booms have
both occurred the highest proportion is found, as in Carlton County,
where the delinquent lands amount to 10t),000 acres, or nearly 20 per
cent of the area of the county.
FIRE PROTECTION.
The present system of fire protection is unquestionably a great check
upon fire, but the few years that have passed since its inauguration
are not sufficient to show exactly what its effect will be after the fear
of the people, excited by the fires of 1891r, subsides and a very dry
season occurs. The present .sj'stem is too much under local influence.
688
FOREST RESERVES.
XKW GUOWTIl.
On burned stump liiiid the principal stock is aspen. Among this
are white hirch and send) pine, witli other species and hrush in mix-
ture. The reappearance of white and Norway pine on severe burns
is rather unusual.
VAJA'P: ok .STl'.Mf I.AXI).
In considering the A'alue of stump land, a comparative \ iew of the
areas cut over, the areas improved, and the areas on which taxes are
delinquent serves to show the waste or misuse of land that miufht l)e
growing timber until needed for agriculture.
Comparatife lahh' f<hfKrin{/ use of stump hind in the pine refpon of Mimteifota.
Couniy.
Cook
Lake
St. Louis . . .
Itasca
Beltrami . . .
Bei:ker
Ottertail
AVadena
Hubbard ...
Cass
Crow "Wing .
Aitkin
Carlton
Pine
Kanabec . . .
Todd
Millelacs . . .
Morrison . . .
Benton
Areas of 1 .Areas cut
pine forest. ' over.
Areas
assessed as
improved.
-Vreason
which taxes
are delin-
quent.
Stfuare miles. St/uare miUs.tSquare miies. Square miles.
4 '
1,520
2,380
5,860
5,430
.5,040
720
260
460
1.000
2,990
550
1,900
860
1,400
522
280
580
400
40
I
Total .32,192
M
1,810
1,160
400
430
260
400
500
1,260
1,080
1, 800
790
1,000
580
280
400
400
40
12, 684
I). 42
8.84
19.62
.39
131. 40
.55. 23
117.19
9.30
33.40
11.5.00
6.70
1.35. 10
73. 35
15.
134.
113.
.31.
((99.
68
37
62
60
28
a 35.
25.
179.
103.
110.
163.
i i .
16.
121.
SO.
35.
56
62
30
a Mostly agricultiiDil.
AYREs.] PINE REGION OF MINNESOTA. (l89
It should be remembered that not all the improved lands are assessed
as improved; only those that have been deeded from the Government.
On the other hand, in the forest the areas of improved lands not
deeded are very small; seldom over 3 acres; merely a garden patch.
With this table it would be very interesting to compare the areas of
entered lands and to note the great discrepancy between the amount
of forest land bought or entered (much of it '"honiesteaded") by indi-
viduals and the amount actually improved liv agricultural use.
Of Ihe land from which the timber has Ijeen cut off 90 per cent is
burned over and lies waste, while the remainder is utilized in agri-
culture.
If forest land is to be farmed, the farming should begin immediately
after cutting, as with such practice the land would not lie idle, and
that would be the easiest time to clear the land.
21 GEOL, FT 5 44
INDEX.
A.
Pagy.
AbbotsButle, Oreg,, forest coiidiiionsnear. 309-311
plate showing view near 22G
Abies amabilis. Sec Fir, lovely.
Abies concolor. See Fir, white.
.\bies grandis. See Fir, silver.
Abies lasiocarpa. See Fir, alpine; balsam.
Abies magniiiea, plates showing 570
See aim Fir, California red.
.A.bies nobilis. See Fir, noble.
Acer circinatuni. See Maple, vine.
Acerglabrum. See Maple, dwarf.
Acer macrophyllum, range and occurrence
of 155
. See also Maple; Maple, Oregon.
Adams, Mount. .S'cc Mount Adams.
Alaska cedar. Sec Cedar, .Vlaska.
Alder, paper-leaf, range and occurrence of . 542
Alder, white, range, size, and occurrence
of 533-534,543
.■\lnus oregona. rate of growth of 109
.\lnus rhonibifolia. See Alder, white.
Alnus tenuifolia. Sec Alder, paper-leaf.
Alpine flr. Sec Fir, alpine.
Alpine-iir type, composition and character
in Sandpoint quadrangle, Idaho .594
Alpine hemlock. See Hemlock, alpine.
Alpine-hemlock type, composition and
character of, in Cascade Range Re-
serve 259-265
American River, Cal., plate showing views
of South Fork of 536
Arbor vitse, PaciHe, amount in Sandpoint
quadrangle, Idaho 595
See also Cedar, red.
Arbutus menziesii. See Madroiia.
.\sh. plate showing 139
range, size, quality, and occurrence of. . 105
rate of growth of 108
Ashland Butte, Orcg. See Siskiyou Peak.
.\shland quadrangle, Oreg., map showing
classification of lands in In atlas
.\shland Reserve, Oreg,, area of 13
boundaries of 472
general description of 472-474 '<
Aspen, areas covered by 42 '
size .of 43
See also Aspen, quaking.
Aspen, quaking, range, size, quality, and
occurrence of lO-j-106
rate of growth of 109
See also Aspen.
Atanum River, Wash., timber conditions in
walersliedof 122-123
Ayres, H. B., report on Lewis and Clarke
Reserve, Mont., by 27-80
report on timber conditions of the pine
region of Minnesota 1173-689
work of 15, 22
Page.
Badger Creek, Mont., deadwood in valleyof 62
estimate of cutting near 63
timber in valleyof 5,s
Bald Mountain, Wash., burn on 134
Bald Mountain quadrangle, Wyo., ela.ssifl-
cation of lands in 598-600
map showing land classification In atlas
Balsam, amount in South Fork of Flathead
Valley, Mont 70
areas covered by 42
size of 43
Set: also Fir, alpine.
Barnard, E. C, paper on forest conditions in
Fiirtymile quadrangle by .V.17
paper on land classification in Coos Bay
quadrangle by .576-577
paper on land elussification in Roseburg
quadrangle by 577
Battlement Me.sa Reserve, Colo., area and
date of establishment of 13
Bearberry, rate of growth of 109
Bear Prairie, Wash., section in yi
BeaverCreek, Mont., deadwood in valley of. 62
Bighorn Reserve, Wyo., area and date of es-
tablishment of 13
Big River, Wash., view of .spruce on 202
Big trees, character of forest in groves of. .529-530
groves in Yosemite quadrangle, Cal 526-
527,572,573
na mcs ( >f 527-529
plates showing 574
range and occurrence of ,526, 543
size and age of .531
Big Trees quadrangle, Cal., classification of
lands in 549
map showing clas.sification of lands. . In atlas
stand of timber in 21
Birch Creek, Mont., deadwood in valley of. 62
estimate of cutting on 63
plate showing view on South Fork of . . 78
settlement on ,54
timber in valley of .53
Bitter cherry, range, size, and occurrence of, 542
Bitterroot Reserve, Idaho-Mont., area and
date of establishment of 13
Black Cottonwood. See Cottonwood, Ijluek.
Blackfoot River, Mont., plate showing jam
of logs in 35
Black hemlock. See Hemlock, black.
Black Hills Reserve, S. Dak. -Wyo., area and
date of establishment of 13
Black Leaf Creek, Mont., deadwood in val-
ley of 132
Black Mesa Reserve, Ariz., area and <late of
establishment of 14
Black oak. See Oak, black.
Black oak, California. See Oak, California
black.
691
692
INDEX.
Page.
Blue Creek. Cal.. plate showing California
red fir near o'S-'2
Blue spruce. See Spruce, blue.
Brown, Mount, See Mount Brown.
Bull Run Reserve, Greg., area and date of
establishment of 11
Bumping River, Wash., eharaeter of valley
of 92
('.
Calaveras grove, Cal.. names of big trees
in 527-529
plate showing view of 52S
California black oak. ^Vr Oak. California
black.
California live nak. .svrOak, California live.
California red fir. See Fir, California red.
California rock oak. See Oak, California
rock.
California scrub oak. Sec Oak, California
scrub.
California torreya. Sec Torreya. California.
California white oak. Sec Oak, California
white.
Camp Creek Pass, Mont., plate showing view
near 42
Canyon live oak. See Oak, Canyon live.
Carbon River, Wash., arable land in valley
of 91
Cascade Lake, Cal., plate showing view of.. 538
Cascade Range, Oreg., altitudinal range of
species on eastern slope of 2-13-244
un western slope of 242-243
climatic conditions on eastern slope
of 234-235
on western slope of 232-233
relative proportions of species on east-
ern slope of 238
on western slope of 237
topographical features of eastern slope
of 228-231
of western slope of 219-228
Cascade Range Reserve, Oreg., age, dimen-
sions, and soundness of trees in,. 274-275
amount and distribution of timberin. 265-274
area and date of establishment of 14
boundaries of 29:3-2%
climatic conditions in and adjacent
to 231-235
forest fires in 276-293
forest types in and adjacent to 244-265
geographical distribution of species in
and adjacent to 238-242
logging operations in and adjacent to. . . 276
range of species in and adjacent to .. 242-244
report on Ashland Reserve and 209-498
species found in and adjacent to 235-238
summary of estimates of timber in .. 474-477
summary of work in 18-19
topographic features in and adjacent
to 219-231,296-297
Cascara sagrada, range, size, and occurrence
of 535,543
Cedar, amount in Olympic Reserve, Wash.. 154
amount in Seattle quadrangle. Wash.. 580
amount in Tacoma ijiiadrangle. Wash. 578
Page,
Cedar — Continued.
areas timbered by 42
maps showing distribution of 48, atlas
plates showing 1S4, 192. 200, 206
rate of growth of 24
size of 43
Cedar, .\laska. amount in Mount Rainier
Reserve, Wash 127
range, size, quality, and occurrence of 104, 155
rate of growth of 108
Cedar, incense, age, and reproduction of. 521-522
amount in Cascade Range Reserve, Oreg.,
and adjacent regions. 267,474,478,496,497
areas timbered by 241, 521
map showing distribution of 240
range of 243, 244, 521, &48
size and (Hialityof 275,521,548
Cedar, red, amount and percentage in Coos
Bay quadrangle. Oreg .i77
amount in Mount Rainier Reserve,
Wash 127
map showing distributiun of 104
range, size, quality, and occurrence
of 103-104, 155
rate of growth of 108
.Set' aim Arbor vita^, Pacific.
Cedar, white, amount and percentage in
Coos Bay quadrangle, Oreg 577
ChamEecyparis nooikatensis. See Cedar,
Alaska.
Chelan quadrangle, Wash., classification of
lands in 581-582
map .showing land classification In atlas
Cherry, bitter. See Bitter cherry.
Chokecherry, western, range and occur-
rence of 535, 543
Cispus Range, Wash., plateshowing view of 142
Cispus River, Wash., arable land in valley of. 92
section in valley of 92
timber conditions in watershed of 115
Classification of lands 563-601
Clearwater River. Mont., settlement on 55
Sec also Swan-Clearwater Valley.
Cloud Peak quadrangle, Wyo., classifica-
tion of lands in 600-601
map showing land classification In atlas
Coffee berry, range, size, and occurrence
of 535,543
Coos Bay quadrangle, Oreg., land classifica-
tion and stand of timber in 57tW577
map showing land classification In atlas
Cornus nuttallii. See Dogwood, Pacific.
Cosumnes River. Cal., plate showing view
of South Fork of 546
Cottonwood, areas timbered by 42,105,155
range, size, and quality of 105,155
rate of growth of 109
See also Cottonwood, black.
Cottonwood, black, range, size, and occur-
rence of 533, 543
Sec also Cottonwood.
Cow Creek, Cal., plates showing forest
near 510, 514
Cowlitz River, Wa^h.. burns near 134
mineral spring on 95
timber conditions in watershed of 114
INDEX.
693
Page.
Cowlitz Valley, Wash., .section in 91
Coyote Creek, Cal., plate showing view of.. .550
Coyoteville, Cal.. plate showingview of 5-16
Crab apple, rate of growth of 109
Crater Lake, Oreg., description of 222
Crescent, Lake, Wash. .S'cf Lake Crescent.
Crow Creek Pass, llont., reproduction on.. 49
P.
Dardanelles Creek, Cal., iilate showing view
near 51(5
Dardanelles quadrangle, Cal., classification
of lands in 550
map showing cla.ssilication of lands. . In atlas
stand of timber in 21
Dayton quadrangle, Wyo., classification of
lands in .597-.59S
map showing land classification Inatlas
Dearborn Creek, Mont., deadwood in valley
of 62
estimate of cutting on 63
plate showing view of burn on 46
settlement on 55
timber in valley of ,58
Dearborn Mount. See Slount Dearborn.
Deep Creek, Mont., deadwood in valley of. . 62
See also South Fork of Deep Creek.
Depuyer Creek, Mont., settlement on .5.5
See a!so North Fork and South Fork
of Depuyer Creek.
Dodwell, Arthur, work of 17
Dodwell, Arthur, and Ki.xon, T. F.. report
on Olympic Reserve from notes
by 14.5-208
Dogwood, Pacific, range, size, and occur-
rence of .533, .543
Dogwood, western, rate of growth of 109
Douglas spruce. Sec Fir, red.
Dungeness River, plate showing view near. 196
Dwarf maple. See Maple, dwarf.
E.
Elbow Lake, Mont., plate showing view at. 76
Elk Creek, Mont., deadwood in valley of... 62
Ellensburg quadrangle. Wash., classifica-
tion of lands in 580-581
map showing land classification In atlas
El wha River, Wash. .plate showing view on. 184
Engelmann spruce. .sVc Spruce, Engel-
mann.
F.
Falls Creek, Mont., deadwood in valley of. 62
estimate of cutting on 63
Fencing timber, species used for 546
Fir, plates showing 184, 186, 192, 198, 202
Fir, alpine, areas timbered by 101, 241, 594
plates showing 98, 132
range of 101, 243, 244
rate of growth of 24, 107
size and quality of 101
See also Fir, mountain; Balsam.
Fir, California red, range, size, age, repro-
duction, and occurrenceof .537-638, 543, 548
I'age.
Fir, great silver, rate of growth of 23
Fir, lovely, amount in Mount Rainier Re-
serve, Wash 127
range, size, quality, and occurrence of. lOO-lOl
rate of growth of 107
Fir, mountain, amount in Mount Rainier
Reserve, Wash 127
See also Fir, Alpine.
Fir, noble, amount in Cascade Range Re-
serve, Oreg., and adjacent regions.. 267,
474,478,496,497
amount in Mount Rainier Re.serve,
Wash 127
areas timbered by 100. 240
map showing distribution of 240
plate showing 276
range of 100, 243, 244
rate of growth of 107
size and quality of 100, 275
Fir, red, age and reproduction of 520
amount in Cascade Range Reserve,
Oreg., and adjacent region 267,
474,478,496,497
amount and percentage In Coos Bay
quadrangle, Oreg .- 577
amount in Lewis and Clarke Reserve,
Mont ...-. 44
amount in Mount Rainier Reserve,
Wash 127
amount in Olj-mpic Reserve, Wash 154
amount in Sandpoint quadrangle,
Idaho 595
amount in Seattle quadrangle. Wash ... 580
amount in Tacoma quadrangle. Wash . . 578
areas timbered by 42,
103, 1.55, 240, .525-526, 587-590
maps showing distribution of 94, 248, atlas
plates showing 44, 50, 74, 78, 96, 110, 130, 256
range of 103, 155, 243, 244, 525, 543
rate of growth of 22-23, 108
.size and quality of 43, .59, 103, 275, .526, 548
See also Red-tir type.
Fir, silver, amount in Olympic Reserve.
Wash 1,54
areas timbered by 42
maps showing distribution of 48, atlas
plate showing 206
Fir, subalpine, range and occurrence of 155
Fir, white, age and reproduction of 524
amount in Cascade Range Reserve,
Oreg., and adjacent regions 267,
474, 478, 496, 497
amount in Mount Rainier Reserve,
Wash 127
areas timbered by 101, 155, 240, 523
map showing distribution of 284
range of 101, 1.5,5, 243, 244, 523, .543
rate of growth of 107
size and quality of 101, 275, 523-524
Fir, yellow. 5feFir, red.
Fires, causes of 49, 134-136
damage from 49, 60-61 , 67, 72, 77-78
effect of 50, 62, 72, 280-293, 557-559
oVigin of 278-2S0, .559-560
precautions against 560
694
INDEX.
Page.
Fish Lake, Orcg., description of 225
Fish Lake Keserve. Utah, area and date of
establishment of 14
Filch, C. H., paper on land classification in
Sonoru quadrangle by 569-^71
paper on land classilk-ation in Yosemite
qimdrang^le by 571-574
report on woodland of Indian Terri-
tory by 603-C72
work of 19, 22
Flathead Reserve, Mont., area and date of
establishment of 11
Flathead River. Mont. See Middle Fork
and South Fork of Flathead.
Ford Oeek, Mont., deadwood in valley of. 62
settlement-^ on 54
Sff also North Fork of Ford Creek.
Forest reserves, map showing national
parks and In atlas
names, locations, and areas of 13
public sentiment toward 06O-.WI
summary ui work on 13-21
Forest trees, table showing rate of growth
of 22-25
Forest type, conditions determining com-
position of 245
Forks Prairie, Wash., plates showing forest
near 184,186,198
Fortymile quadrangle, Alaska, forest con-
ditions in 597
map showing land classification In atlas
Fraxinns oregona. Sec Ash.
Gallatin Reserve, Mont., area and date of
establishment of 14
Gannett. H., paper on classification of lands
by 563-601
summary of forestry work in 1899-1900
by 9-25
Gerlo Creek. Cal., plate showing view of... 540
Gila Reserve, N. Mex., area and date of
establishment of 14
Glacier Point, Cal., plate .showing view
from 572
Goat Mountain, Wash., altitude of 88
Iilatesshowing views from 136,138,140
v<»lcanic activity on 96
Gordon Pass, Mont., plate showing view
near 76
Grand Canyon Reserve, Ariz., area and date
of estiiblishmcnt of 14
Gray pine. Sec Pine, gray.
Grazing, effect of 140-143, 552-557
Great silver fir. See Fir, great silver.
Growth of forest trees, table showing rate
of 22-25, 107, 109
HhU Dome, Cal., plate showing view of 672
HamiU<m quudrangle, Mont. -Idaho, map
showing land t'las.sification IiT atlas
topographic features and classification
of lands in .596
Page.
Hemlock, amount in Mount Rainier Re-
serve. Wash 127
amount in Olympic Reserve. Wash lot
amount in Taeonia quudrangle. Wash.. 878
maps showing distribution of 48.98, atlas
plates showing... 1,%.192, 198.200, 202,204,206
range, size, quality, and occurrence
of 101-102. 1.T.5
rate of growth of 23. 107
Hemlock, alpine, amount in Ca.scade Range
Reserve, Oreg., and adjacent re-
gions 267,
474,478,490,497
area.s timbered by 241
map .showing distribution of 248
plate showing 270
range of 243,244
size and quality of 27.5
Stf <iho Alpine-hemlock type.
Hemlock, black, range, size, age, reproduc-
tion, and occurrence of . . . 539-&10, »13, .>18
Hemlock, mountain, amount in Mount
Rainier Reserve, Wash 127
areas timbered by 42, 102
plate showing .- go
range, size, and quality of 102
rate of growth of los
Hemlock, Patton, map showing distribution
of 40
Hemlock, western, amount in Cascade
Range Reserve. Oreg., and adjacent
region 207,474,496,497
areas timbered by 241
map showing distribution of 240
range of 244
size and quality of 27.5
Holland Creek, Mont., settlement on 55
Holland Lake. Mont., plate showing view
near 70
Hood, Mount. .Set Mount Hood.
1.
Incense cedar. See Cedar, incense.
Indian Territory, map showing extent and
distribution of woodlands In atlas
report on woodland of 003-672
summary of work in 21-22
timber conditions in T. 1 X., R. 1 E 063
in T. 1 X., R. 2 E 666
in T. 1 X., R. 3 E 666
inT.lX.,R.4E B66
in T. 1 X., R. .5 E 667
in T. 1 X., R. 6 E 667
in T. 1 X., R. 7 E 667
in T. 1 X.. R. 8 E 021, 667
inT.l X.,R.9E 622
in T. 1 X., R. 10 E 622
in T. 1 X., R. 11 E 022
in T. 1 X., R. 12 E 623
inT.l N.,R. 13 E 623
inT.l N.,R. 14 E 623
in T. 1 X., R. 15 E 624
inT.lX.,R. lOE 624
in T.l X..R.17E 624
in T.l X.,R.]» E 025
INDEX.
095
Indian Territory — Continued. Page.
limber conditions in T.l X.. U.H) K 025
inT.l X.,U.20E G26
in T. 1 N., R. 21 E 625
inT.lN.,R.22E 620
inT. 1 N.,K.23E 62B
in T. 1 N., R. 21 E 626
in T. 1 N., R. 25 E 626
' in T. 1 N., R. 26 E 62(;
in T. 1 N., R. 27 E 627
in T. 1 N., R. 1 W 661
in T. 1 N. , R. 2 W 661
in T. 1 N. , R. 3 W 661
in T. 1 N., R. -i W 662
in T. 1 N., R. 5 VV 662
inT.lN.,R.6W 662
in T. 1 N., R. 7 W 663
inT.l N.,R.8W 663
inT.lS.,R.l E 668
in T.l S.,R.2E 668
in T. 1 S., R. 3 E 668
in T. 1 S., R. 4 E 669
in T. 1 S., R. 5 E 670
inT.lS.,R.6 E 670
in T. 1 S., R, 7 E 671
inT.lS.,R.8E 610,671
inT.lS.,R.9E 611
in T. 1 S., R. 10 E 611
in T.1S.,R.U E 611
in T. 1 S., R. 12 E 612
in T. 1 S., R. 13 E 612
in T. 1 S.,^. 14 E 612
in T. 1 S., R. 15 E 613
in T. 1 S., R. 16 E 613
in T. 1 S. , R. 17 E. . . -■ 613
in T.l S.,R. 18E 614
in T. 1 S., R. 19 E 614
in T. 1 S., R. 20 E 614
in T. 1 S., R. 21 E 614
in T. 1 S., R. 22 E 615
inT.l S.,R. 23 E 615
inT.l S.,R. 24 E 615
in T. 1 S., R. 25 E 615
inT.l S.,R. 26 E 615
in T. 1 S., R. 27 E 616
in T. 1 S., R. 1 \V 658
in T. 1 S., R. 2 \V 658
in T. 1 S., R. 3 \V 658
in T. 1 .?.. R. 4 \V 658
in T. 1 S., R. 5 \V 659
inT.lS.,R.6\V 659
inT.lS.,R.7\V 659
inT.lS.,R.8 W 660
in T. 2 N., R. 1 E 665
in T. 2 N., R. 2 E 666
inT.2 N.,R.3E 066
-in T. 2 N.. R. 4 E S66
inT.2N.,E.5E 667
in T. 2 N., R. 6 E 667
in T. 2 X., R. 7 E 667
inT.2X.,R.8E 621,667
in T.9X.,R.9E 622
inT.2 N.,E. 10 E 622
in T. 2 X., R. 11 E 622
in T. 2 X., R. 12 E 623
inT.2X.,R. 13E 623
in T. 2 X.. R. 14 E 623
Indian Territory— Continued. I'age.
timber conditions in T. 2 X., R. 1.') E 624
in T. 2 N., R. 16 E 624
inT.2N.,R.17E 624
in T. 2 N., R. 18 E 625
in T. 2 N., R. 19 E 625
in T. 2 X., R. 20 E 625
in T. 2 X., R. 21 E G25
in T.2X.,R.22E 626
in T. 2 X., R. 23 E 626
i II T. 2 N., R. 24 E 626
ill T. 2 X., R. 25 E 626
in T.2X.,R.26E G26
ill T.2X.,R.27E 627
in T.2X.,R.l \V 661
inT.2N.,R.2 \V 661
in T. 2 X., R. 3 \V 662
inT.2X.,R.4 W 662
in T.2X.,R.5 W 662
in T. 2 X., R. (J \V 662
in T. 2 X., R. 7 \V 663
inT.2N.,R.8 W 663
in T. 2 S. , R. 1 E 60S
in T.2S.,R.2E 668
in T. 2 S., R. 3 E 668
in T.2S.,R.4E 609
in T. 2 S., R. 5 E 670
in T. 2 .S., R. 6 E 670
inT.2S.,R.7 E 671
in T.2S.,R.8E 610.671
i 11 T. 2 S. , R. 9 E Oil
in T. 2 S.. R. 10 E 611
inT.2S.,R.ll E 611
in T. 2 S., R. 12 E 612
in T. 2 S. , R. 13 E 612
inT.2S..R.14 E 612
in T.2S.,R.15E 013
in T. 2 S., R. 16 E 613
in T.2S.,R.17 E 613
in T. 2 S., R. 18 E 614
in T. 2 S., R. 19 E 614
in T. 2 S., R. 20 E 014
inT.2S.,R.21 E 614
in T.2S.,R.22E 615
inT.2.S.,R.23 E 015
in T. 2 S., R. 24 E 015
in T. 2 S., R. 25 E 615
in T. 2 S., R. 26 E 016
in T. 2 S., R. 27 E 616
inT.2S.,R.lW 6.58
inT.2S.,R.2\V 058
inT.2S.,R.3W 658
in T. 2 S., R. 4 W 658
in T. 2 S., R. 5 W 659
in T. 2 y., R. 6 W 6.59
in T. 2 S., R. 7 W 659
in T. 2 S., R. 8 W 660
inT.3X.,R.l E 665
in T. 3 X., R. 2 E 666
in T. 3 X., R. 3 E 666
in T. 3 X., R. 4 E 666
in T.3X.,R. 5E 667
in T. 3 X., R. 6 E 667
in T. 3 X., R. 7 E 667
in T. 3 N., R. 8 E 621, 668
in T.3X..R.9E 622
in T. 3X..R.10E 622
696
INDEX.
Indian Territory — Continued. I'age.
timtier iimditions in T. 3 N..U. 11 E G22
in T.:iX.,R.12E 623
in T. 3 N.. R. 18 E 623
in T.:!N".,R.11E 623
inT.3X..R. IftE 624
in T.3X.,R.16E 624
inT.3N..R.nE 624
in T.3N..R.18E 625
in T.3X..R.19E 625
inT.3N..R.20E 625
in T.;iN..R.21E 625
in T.3N'..R.22E 626
in T.3N..R.23E 626
in T.3N..R.24E 626
in T.3X..R.25E 626
in T. 3 N., R. 26 E 627
in T.3N.,R.27E 627
in T. 3 N., R. 1 W 661
in T.3X.,R.2 W 661
in T. 3 X., R. 3 \V 662
in T.3N..R.4 \V 662
in T. 3 X., R. 3 \V ... 662
in T 3 X.. R. 6 W 662
in T. 3 N., R. 7 W 663
in T. 3 S., R. 1 E 668
in T. 3 S., R. 2 E 668
in T. 3 S., R. 3 E 668
in T. 3 S. , R. 4 E 669
in T. 3 S., R. 5 E 670
in T. 3 S., R. 6 E 670
in T. 3 S., R. 7 E 671
in T. 3 S., R. 8 E i;iO. G71
in T. 3 S., R. 9 E 611
inT.3S.,R.10 E 611
inT.3S.,R.ll E 611
inT.3S..R.12 E 612
inT.3S..R.13 E 612
in T.3S.,R.14 E 612
inT.3S.,R.15 E 613
inT.3S.,R.16 E 613
inT.3S.,R.17 E 613
inT.3S.,R.18 E 614
inT.3S.,R.19 E 614
inT.3S.,R.20 E 614
inT.3S.,R.21 E 614
inT.3S.,R.2-2 E 615
inT.3S.,R.23 E 615
in T.3S.,R.24 E 615
inT.3S.,R.25 E 615
inT.3S.,R.26 E 616
inT.3S..R.27 E 616
inT.3S.,R. 1 \V 658
inT.3S.,R.2 \V 658
inT.3S.,R.3 W 6.5S
in T. 3 S., R. 4 \V 659
in T. 3 S.. R. \V 659
inT.3S..R.6W 659
in T. 3 S., R. 7 \V 659
in T. 3 S.. R. 8 W 660
inT. 4N., R. 1 E 665
inT. 4X.. R. 2 E 666
in T. 4X., R. 3E 666
in T. 4X., R. 4 E 666
in T. 4N.. R. E 667
in T. 4 N., R. E 667
iuT. 4X., R. 7 E 667
Inflian Territor.v
timber eondi
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T.4X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X.
in T. 4 X
in T. 4 X
in T. 4S.,
inT.4S.,
inT.4S.,
inT.4S..
inT.4S.,
inT.4S.,
inT.4S.,
in T.4S.,
inT.4S.,
inT.4S.,
inT.4S.,
inT.4S.,
inT.4S.,
inT.4S.,
inT.4S.,
in T.4S.,
inT.4S.,
inT.4S.,
inT.4S.,
in T.4S.,
inT.4S.,
inT.4S.,
inT.4S.,
inT.4S.,
in T.4S.,
in T.4 S..
in T.4.S.,
in T. 4S.,
in T.4 S.,
in T.4S..
in T.4 S.,
in T.4 S.,
inT.4S.,
inT.4S.,
in T.4 S.,
inT.SX.,
inT.oX.,
iu T. 5 X
in T.o X
"ontinuiMi. Page.
tion.s in T. 4 X.. K. S E .. 622. 66S
,R.9E 622
. R. 10 E 622
. R. 11 E 622
,R. 12E 623
, R. 13 E 623
, R. 14 E 624
.R.15E 624
. R. 16 E 624
,R.17E 624
. R. 18 E 625
.R.19E 625
.R.20E 625
. R. 21 E 625
, R. 22 E 626
.R.23E 626
,R.24E 626
. R. 25E 626
. R. 26 E 627
,R.27E 627
.R.IW 661
,R.2VV 661
,R.3\V 662
,R.4W 662
R.5VV 662
,R.6W 662
,R.7\V 663
R. 1 E 668
R. 2E 668
R.3E 669
R. 4E 669
R.5E 670
R. 6 E 670
R.7E 671
R. 8E i;n.671
R. 9E 611
R. lOE 611
R.llE 611
R. 12E 612
R. 13 E C12
R. 14E 612
R. 15 E 613
R.16E 613
R.17E 613
R. 18E 614
R. 19 E 614
R. 20 E 614
R. 21E 615
R.22E 615
R.23E 615
R. 24 E 615
R.2aE 615
R.26E 616
R.27E 616
R. 1 \V 658
R. 2 W ■ 658
R. 3 W 658
R.4VV 659
R.5W 659
R.6W 659
R. 7 W 659
R.SW 660
, R. 1 E 665
,R.2E 666
,R.3E 666
, R. 4 E 666
INDEX.
697
Indian Territory — Continued. Page,
timber conditions in T. ■=. X.. R. .i E . . . 627, 667
in T..5X.,R.C E 627,667
in T. 5 N., R. 7 E 627, 667
in T. .5 N., R. 8 E 628, 668
in T. 5 N., R. 9 E 628
in T. .5 N., R. lO'E 628
in T. .=) N., R. 11 E 629
in T.5N.,R.12E 629
in T. .5 N., R. 13 E 629
in T.5N.,R. HE 629
in T. 5 X., R. 15 E 630
in T.5X.,R. 16E 630
in T. 5 N., R. 17 E v 630
in T. 5 N., R. 18 E 630
in T. 5 N., R. 19 E 631
in T. .5 N., R. 20 E 631
in T. .-i N. , R. 21 E 631
in T. .5 N., R. 22 E 631
in T. .5 X., R. 23 E 632
inT.5N.,R.24 E 632
in T. 5 N., R. 25 E 632
in T. 5 N., R. 26 E 632
in T. 3 X., R. 27 E 632
inT.5N.,R. 1 \V 663
inT.5X.,R.2 \V 663
inT.5N.,R.3 \V 663
inT.5X.,R.4 W 664
inT.5X.,R.5 W 664
in T. 5 X., R. 6 W 664
in T. 5 X., R. 7 \V 664
inT.5S.,R.l E 668
in T.5S.,R.2 E 668
inT.5S.,R.3 E 669
inT.5S.,R. 4 E 669
in T. 5S.,R.5 E 670
in T. 5 S., R. 6 E 670
in T. 5 S., R. 7 E 671
in T. 5 S., R. 8 E 616, 671
in T. 5 S., R. 9 E 616
in T.5S.,R.10E 616
in T. 5 S., R. 11 E 617
in T. 5 S., R. 12 E 617
in T.5S.,R.13E 617
inT.5S.,R. 14 E 617
in T.5S.,R.15E 618
in T. 5 S., R. 16 E 618
ip T. 5 S., R. 17 E 618
in T. 5 S., R. 18 E 618
in T. 5 S., R. 19 E 619
in T.5S.,R.20E 619
inT.5S.,R.21 E 619
inT.3S.,R.22 E 619
in T.5S.,R.23 E 619
inT.5S..R.24 E 620
in T.5S.,R.25E 620
in T. 5 S., R. 26 E 620
inT. 5S.,R.27 E 621
inT.5S.,R.l W 658
inT.5S.,R.2 W 658
inT.5.S..R.3\V 658
in T. 5 S., R. 4 \V 669
iuT.5S.,R.5 \V 659
in T. 5 S., R. 6 W 659
in T. 5 S., R. 7 W 659
in T. 5 S., R. 8 \V 660
inT.6X.,R. 1 E 666
ndian Territory— Continued.
timber conditions in T. 6 X., R.2
inT.6N.,R.3E
Page.
E C32
666
inT.6X.,R.4E
inT.6N.,R.5E
in T.6 X.,R.6E.
666
627
027
inT.6X.,R.7 E
G27
in T.6N.,R.8 E
628
inT.6X.,R.9E
628
inT.6X.,R.10E
628
in T. 6X.,R. 11 E
629
inT.6X.,R.12E
in T.6N.,R. 13 E .
629
629
inT.6X.,R.14 E
629
inT.6X.,R.1.5E
inT.6N.,R.16 E
inT.6N.,R. 17 E
630
630
630
in T. 6 N.,R. 18 E
631
inT.6X.,R.19E
631
in T.6 X.,R. 20 E . ..
631
inT.6N.,R.21 E
631
inT.6X.,R.22E
632
inT.6N.,R.23 E
632
inT.6X.,R.24 E
632
in T.6N.,R.25 E ..
632
in T. 6 X., R. 26 E
632
in T.6X.,R.27 E
633
in T. 6N.,R. 1 W
.... 663
inT.6X.,R.^2\V
in T.6X.,R.3 W
663
663
in T. 6 X., R. 4 W
664
inT.6N.,R.5\V
in T. 6 X.,R.6 W
664
664
.inT.6N.,R.7 W
in T.6S.,R. 1 E
664
669
inT.6S.,R.2E
inT.6S.,R.3E
669
CC9
in T.CS.,R.4 E
670
in T.6S.,R. 5 E
671
in T.6S.,R.6 E.
672
in T.6S.,R.7 E
672
in T.6S.,R.8 E
616, 672
inT.6S.,R.9E
616
in T. 6 S., R. 10 E
616
inT.6S.,R.12 E
617
inT.6S.,R.13 E
617
in T.6S.,R.14 E
617
inT.6S.,R.15E
618
in T. 6 S.,R. 16 E
618
in T. 6S.,R.17 E
618
in T.6S.,R. 18 E.
618
in T.6S.,R. 19 E
619
in T.6S.,R.2DE
619
inT.6S.,R. 21 E.
619
inT.6S.,R.22E
inT.6S.,R.23 E
619
620
in T.6S.,R.24E
620
inT.6S.,R. 25 E
620
inT.6S.,R.26E
620
inT.6S.,R.27 E
621
in T. 6S.,R.l W
660
inT.6S.,R.2W
in T. 6 S.,R.3 W
660
660
inT.6S.,R.4 W
660
inT.6S.,R.5 W
6G1
in T. 6 S. , R. 6 W
661
in T. 6 S., R. 7 \V
661
698
INDEX.
Indiim Territory— Continued.
timber conditions in T. 6 S., R. 8 W
inT.7N.,R.5E
inT.7N.,R.6E
inT.7N.,R.7E
inT.7N.,R.8E
r N.,R.9E
■N.,R.10E
■X.pR.llE
Pnge.
661
627
. 627
628
. 628
. 628
. 628
. 629
X.,R.12E 629
X..R.13E 629
X.,R.14E 630
X.,R.15E 630
X„R.lliE C30
X.,R.17E 630
X.,R.1SE 631
X..R.19E 631
X.,R.20E 631
X.,R.21E ; 631
N.,R.22E <'>32
N.,R.23E 632
N.,R.24E 632
N.,R.25E 632
N.,R.20E 632
X.,R.27E 633
N.,R.2\V 663
N.,R.3\V 663
inT.
in T.
in T.
inT.
inT.
inT.
inT.
in T.
inT.
in T.
iiiT.
inT.
in T.
inT.
inT.
inT.
inT.
inT.
inT.
inT.
inT.
in T. 7 N., R. 4 VV 664
inT.7N.,R.5\V.
inT.7N.,R.C\V.
inT.7N.,R. 7\V.
inT.7.S.,R.l E..
in T.7S.,R.2E
inT.7S.,R.3E
inT.7S.,R.4E
inT.7S.,R.5E
inT.7S.,R.6E
inT.7S.,R.7E
inT.7.?..R.8E
inT.7S.,R.9E
inT.7S.,R.10E
inT.7S., R.12E
inT.7S., R.13E 617
. . 604
664
665
.. 669
.. 669
.. 669
.. '670
.. 671
.. 672
.. 672
616, 672
.. 616
.. 616
.. 617
617
618
618
618
619
619
619
inT.7S., R.14E
inT.7S.. R.15E
inT.7S., R.16E
inT.7S., R.17E
inT.7i«.
inT.7S.
in T. 7 S.
inT.7S.
inT.7S.
inT.7S., R.23E
inT.7S.,R.24E
in T.7S., R.25E
inT.7S., R.26E
inT.7S., R.27E
inT.7S., R.l W
inT.7S., R.2 W
inT.7S., R.3VV
inT.7S.,R.4 W
inT. 7S.,R..5\V
inT.7S.,U.6\V
inT.7S.,R.7 W
inT.SN., R..TE 627
R.18E
R.19E
R.20E
R.21E 619
R.22E 619
620
620
620
620
621
660
660
060
660
661
661
661
inT.8X..R.0E .
inT.8X.,R.7E .
627
628
Indian Territory — Continued. Page.
timber conditions in T.KX..R.SE 628
in T. 8 X.. R. 9 E 628
inT.8X.,R. lOE 628
• inT.8X.,R.ll E 629
inT.8 X.,R.12E 629
inT.8X.,R.13E .. 629
inT.8N.,R.14E 630
inT.8N.,R.I.TE 630
inT.8N..R.16E 630
iuT.8N.,R.17 E 630
inT.8N.,R.18E 631
inT.8X..R.19E 631
inT.8X.,R.20E 631
inT.8X.,R.21 E 631
inT.8X.,R.22E 632
inT.8X..R.23E 632
inT.8N..R.24 E 632
inT.8X.,R.2.5E 632
inT.8N.,R.26E 632
inT.8N.,R.27E 6:«
inT.8N.,R.2\V 663
inT.8N.,R.3 W 663
in T.8N.,R.4W 604
in T. 8 X., R. 5 \V 664
in T. 8 N., R. 6 W 664
inT.8N.,R.7 W 665
inT.8S.,R.l E 669
inT.8S.,R.2 E 669
inT.8S.,R.3 E 670
inT.8S.,R.4 E 670
in T. 8 S., R. .1 E 672
in T. 8 S., R. 6 E 672
inT.8S.,R.7 E 672
inT.8S.,R.8 E 616,672
inT.8S.,R.9 E 661.672
inT.8S.,R.10 E i'.16,672
inT.8S.,R.ll E 672
lnT.8S.,R.12 E 617
inT.8S.,R.13 E 617
inT.8S.,R.14 E 618
inT.8S.,R.1.5 E 618
lnT.8S.,R.10 E 618
inT.8S.,R.17 E 618
inT.8S.,R.lS E 619
inT.8S.,R.19 E 619
inT.8S.,R.21 E 619
in T. 8 S., R. 22 E 619
in T. 8 S., R. -23 E 620
inT.8S.,R.24 E 620
in T. 8 S., R. 25 E 620
in T. 8 S., R. 20 E 620
in T. 8 S., R. 27 E 021
inT.8S.,R.l\V 060
in T. 8 S., K. 2 W 600
in T. 8 S., R. 3 \V 0«i
in T. 8 S., R. W 001
In T. 8 S., R. 7 \V 001
in T. 9 X., R. 5 E 033
in T. 9 X., R. E 033
in T. 9 N., R. 7 E 633
in T. 9 X., R. S E 633
in T. 9 X., R. 9 E 634
in T. 9 X., R. 10 E 034
inT.9X.,R.ll E 634
in T. 9 X., R. 13 E 635
in T. 9 X., R. 14 E 635
INDEX.
i\\)\)
Indian Territory— Continued.
timber conditions in T. 9 N.. R. 15 E . -
inT.9N.,R.16E
inT.9N.,R.17E
inT.9N.,R.18E
inT.9N.,R-19E
inT.9N.,R.20E
inT.9N,,R.21E
in T. 9 X., R. 22 E
inT.9N.,R.23E
inT.9N.,R.2-lE
)nT.9N.,R.25E
in T. 9 N., E. 20 E
inT.9N.,E.2-E
rage.
. 635
. G3G
036
. 630
. 036
. 637
. 037
637
. 638
638
. 638
. 638
. 638
inT.9N.,E.3\V 665
inT.9N.,R.4 W.
inT.9N.,E.5 W.
inT.9N.,E.6W.
inT.9N.,E.7\V.
inT.9S..E.lE..
inT.9S.,R.2E ..
inT.9S.,R.8E ..
665
665
065
665
669
669
, 672
inT.9S.,R.9E 672
, 072
072
021
621
621
621
621
633
inT.9S.,E.10E
inT.9S.,R.ll E
inT.9S.,R.23E
inT.9S.,R.24E
inT.9S.,E.25E
inT.9S.,R.26E
inT.9S.,R.27E
inT.10N.,E.5E
inT.10N.,R.0E 633
633
633
634
634
634
635
635
inT.10N.,R.15E 635
inT.10N.,R.16E
inT.10X.,R.17E
inT.!0N.,R.18E
inT.lDN.,R.7E ..
inT.10N.,R.8E..
in T.10N.,R.9E..
inT.10N.,R.10E.
inT.10X.,R.ll E .
inT.10N.,R.13E .
inT.10N.,E.14E .
inT.10N.,R. 19E
inT.10N.,R.20E
inT.10N.,E.21E
inT.10N.,R.22E
in T.10N.,R.23E
inT.10K.,R.24E
in T. 10 N., R. 25 E
in T.10N.,R.26 E
inT.10N.,R.27E
inT.10N.,R.4W
inT.10N.,R.5W 665
In T. 10 N., R. ^V 665
in T. 10 N., E. 7 W 605
in T. 10 S. , R. 2 E 069
in T. 10 S., R. 9 E 672
in T. 10 S. , R. 10 E 672
inT.10S.,R.24E 621
inT.10S.,E.25E 621
inT.10S.,R.26E 621
inT.10S.,R.27E 621
inT.llN.,R.5E 633
in T. 11 N., R. 6 E 633
inT.llN.,E.7E 633
inT.llN.,R.8E 634
Indian Territory— I'ontinued. I'age.
timber eondition.s in T. 11 N., R. 9 E . . . . 034
raT.llN.,R.10E 034
inT.nN..R.ll E 634
inT.llN..E.13E 035
in T. 11X.,E.14 E 035
inT.nX.,R.15E 636
inT.llX.,R. 16E 636
inT.llX.,R.17E 636
inT.ll X..R.18E 630
in T. 11 X., E. 19 E 637
inT.llN.,R.20'E 637
inT.llN.,E.21 E 637
in T. 11 X., E. 22 E 637
inT.llX.,R.23E 63.S
in T. U X., R. 24 E 038
in T.n X.,R.25E 638
in T. 11 X., R. 26 E 638
inT.nX.,R.27E 638
in T. 11 S., R. 27 E 621
inT.12X.,E.0E 633
inT.12X.,E.7E 633
in T. 12 X., E. 8 E 634
inT.12X.,R.9E 634
inT.12X.,E.I0E 634
inT. 12X.,R.12E 634
inT.12X.,R.13E 635
inT.12X.,R.14E 635
inT.12X.,R.15E 636
in T. 12 X., R. 10 E 636
inT.12X.,R.17E 636
inT.12X.,R.18E 636
inT.12X.,E.19E 037
in T. 12 X., E. 20 E 637
inT.12X.,E.21 E 637
inT.12X.,R.22E 637
inT.12X.,R.23E 638
inT.12X.,R.24E 638
inT.12X.,R.25E 638
in T. 12 N., R. 26 E 638
inT.12X..R.27E 638
inT.13X.,R.6E 639
in T. 13 X., E. 7 E 639
in T.13X.,R.SE 639
inT.l;iX.,E.9E 039
inT.13X..E.10E 640
inT.13X.,E.llE 640
inT.13X.,R.12E 640
inT.13X.,R.13E Ml
inT.13X.,R.14E 641
in T.13X.,R.15E 641
inT.I3X.,R.16E 641
inT.13X.,E.17E 612
in T. 13 X., R. 18 E 642
inT.13X.,R.19E 642
in T. 13 X., R. 20 E 643
inT.13X.,E.21E 643
inT.13X.,E.22E 643
inT. 13N.,R.23E 644
in T. 13 X., E. 24 E 644
inT.13X.,E.25E 644
inT.13X.,R.26E 644
inT.13X.,R.27E 645
inT.14X..R.6 E 639
inT.14X.,R.7E 639
in T. 14 X., R. 8 E 639
in T.14 X..R.9 E 039
700
INDEX.
Indian TiTrilnry — CoiUiiiucHt. Page,
timber conditions in T. U X., R. 10 E . . . ©40
inT. 14X..R.11 E MO
inT.H N'..R.12 E WO
inT.14N'.,R.13 E 6U
in T.14X.,R. HE Ml
inT. 14X.,R. 15E 641
inT.14X.,R.16E 641
inT.14X.,R.17 E 642
in T. 14 X.. R. 18 E 612
inT.14X.,R.19E 612
inT.14X.,R.20E 6J3
inT.14X.,R.21 E 643
in T. 14 X., R. 22 E 613
inT.14X.,R.23E 644
inT.14X.,R.24E 614
inT. 14X.,R.25E 614
in T.14X.,R.26E 644
inT.14X.,R.27E 645
inT.1.5X.,R.6E 639
inT.15X.,R.7E 639
inT.15X.,R.8E 639
in T. 15 X., R. 9 E 639
in T. 1.5 X., R. 10 E 640
inT. l.SX.,R.ll E 640
in T.15X.,R.12E : 640
inT.l.TX.,R. 13E 611
inT.15X.,R.14E 611
inT. l.iX.,R.15E 641
inT.15X.,R.lGE 6U
inT.15X.,R.17E 642
inT.1.5X.,R.18E 642
inT.l.iX.,R.19E 643
inT.15X.,R.20E 643
inT.15X.,R.21E 643
inT. I5X.,R.22E 643
inT.1.5X.,R.23E 644
inT. 15X.,R.24E 644
inT. 1.5X.,R.2.5E 644
inT. 15X.,R.26E 645
in T. 16 X.. R. 7 E 639
inT.16X.,R.SE 639
inT.16X.,R.9E 640
inT.16X.,R.10E 640
inT.l(;X.,R.ll E 640
in T. It; X., R. 12 E 640
inT. 16X.,R.13E 611
in T. 16 X., R. 14 E 6U
in T. IC X., R. 15 E 641
in T. 16 X., R. If. E 641
in T. 16 X., R. 17 E 642
in T. 16 X., R. IS E 612
in T. 16 X., R. 19 E 643
in T. 16 X., R. 20 E 613
in T. 16 X., R. 21 E 613
in T. 16 X., R. 22 E 644
in T. 16 X., R. 23 E 614
in T. 16 X.. R. 24 E 644
in T. 10 X., R. 25 E 544
inT.16N.,R.26E 645
in T. 17 X., R. 7 E 645
inT.17X.,R.8E 646
in T.17X..R.9E 645
in T.17X.,R.10E 645
inT.17X..R.ll E 646
in T.17X.,R.12E 646
inT.17X.,R.13E 646
Indian Territory — Continued. Page,
timber conditions in T. 17 X..R. 14 E ... 646
inT.17X.,R.15E 646
in T. 17X.,R.16E 647
in T. 17 X., R. 17 E 647
in T. 17 X.. R. 18 E 647
in T. 17 X., R. 19 E 648
in T. 17 X., R. 20 E 648
inT.17X..R.21E 648
in T. 17 X., R. 22 E 648
inT.17X.,R.23 E 649
inT.17X.,R.24E 619
inT.17X..R.25E 649
inT.17X.,R.26E 649
inT.lSX.,R.7E 645
inT.18X.,R.8E 645
• inT18X.,R.9E 645
in T. 18 X., R. 10 E 645
in T. 18 X., R. 11 E 646
inT.18X.,R.12E 646
inT.18X.,R.13E 646
inT.18X.,R. 14E 646
inT.18X.,R.15E 647
inT.18X.,R.16E 647
inT.lSX..R. 17E 647
inT.18X.,R.18E 617
in T. 18 X., R. 19 E 618
inT. 18X.,R.20E 648
in T. 18 X., R. 21 E 648
inT.18X.,R.22E 649
inT.18X.,R.23E 619
inT.18X.,R.24E 649
inT.18X..R.25E 649
inT.18X.,R.26E 650
inT.19X.,R.7E 645
inT.19X.,R.8E 645
in T. 19 X., R. 9 E 615
in T.19X.,R.10E 645
inT.19X.,R.ll E 616
inT.19X..R.12E 646
in T. 19 X., R. 13 E 646
inT.19X.,R.14E 646
inT.19X.,R.15E 647
in T. 19 X.. R. 16 E 617
in T. 19 X., R. 17 E 647
inT.19X.,R.lSE 647
inT. 19X.,R.19E 648
in T. 19 X., R. 20 E 648
inT.19X.,R.21 E 618
inT.19X.,R.22E 649
inT.19X.,R.23E 649
inT.19X.,R.24E 649
inT.19X.,R.25E 649
inT.19X.,R.26E 650
in T. 20 X., R. 12 E 646
in T.20X.,R.13E 646
in T.20X.,R.14E 646
inT.20X..R.15E 617
in T.20X.,R.16 E 617
inT.20X..R.17E 617
inT.20X.,R.18E 648
in T.20X.,R.19E 648
in T.20X.,R.20E 648
in T.20X..R.21 E 618
inT.20X..R.22E 649
in T.-20X..R.-23 E 649
in T.2t)N.,H.24E 649
/
INDEX.
701
Indian Territory — Continued. Page,
timber conditions in T. 20 X.. R. 25 E ... ti49
in T.20X.,R.2i;E 650
in T. 21 X., R. 12 E 650
in T. 21 X., R. 13 E 650
in T. 21 X., R. 14 E 6.50
in T. 21 X., R. 15 E tSO
in T. 21 X., R. 16 E 651
in T. 21 X., E. 17 E 661
in T. 21 X., R. 18 E 651
inT.21N.,R.19E 652
in T. 21 X., R. 20 E 652
in T. 21 X., E. 21 E 652
inT.21N.,E.22E 652
inT.21X.,R.23E 053
inT.21X.,R.24E 653
inT.21 X.,R.2oE 653
inT.22X.,E.12 E 650
in T. 22 N., R. 13 E 650
in T. 22 X., R. 14 E 6.50
inT.22X.,R.15E 651
inT.22X.,E.16E 651
inT.22X.,R.17E 651
in T. 22 X., E. 18 E 651
in T. 22 X., R. 19 E 652
in T.22X.,R.20E 6.52
in T. 22 X., R. 21 E 652
inT.22X.,R.22E 653
inT.22N.,R.23E 653
inT.22X.,R.24E 653
in T. 22 X., E. 25 E 653
in T. 23 X., E. 12 E 6.50
in T. 23 X., R. 13 E 6.50
inT.23X.,E.14E 650
in T. 23 X., E. i5 E 651
inT.23X.,R.16E 6.51
inT.23X.,R.17E 651
inT.23X.,E.18E 651
inT.23N.,E.19E 652
inT.23X.,R.20E 652
inT.23X.,R.21 E 6.52
inT.23X.,R.22E 653
inT.23X.,E.23E 653
inT.23X.,E.24E 653
in T. 23 X., E. 25 E 6S4
in T. 24 X., R. 12 E 650
in T.24X..E.13 E 650
in T. 24 X., E. 14 E 650
inT.24X.,R.15E 651
inT.24X.,R.16E 651
in T. 24 X., E. 17 E 651
inT.24X.,R.18E 651
inT.24N.,E.19E 652
in T. 24 X., R. 20 E 652
inT.24X.,E.21 E 652
in T. 24 N., E. 22 E 6.53
in T. 24 X., E. 23 E 653
inT.24N.,E.24E 653
inT.24X.,E.25E 654
inT.25X.,R.12E 654
inT.25X.,R.13E 654
inT.25X.,E.14E 654
inT.25X.,E.15E 665
in T. 25 X., E. 16 E (65
in T. 25 N., R. 17 E 655
inT.25X.,R.18E 6.56
in T.25X.,R.19E 6.56
Indian Territory — Continued. I'age.
timber conditions in T. 25 X.. R.20 E . . . 656
in T.25X.,R.21E 657
inT.25X.,R.22E 657
inT.25X.,R.23E 657
in T. 25 X., R. 24 E 6.57
in T. 25 X., E. J5 E 658
in T. 26 X., E. 12 E r 651
in T.26X.,R.13E 654
in T. 26 X.. R. 14 E 6.M
in T. 26 X.,E. 15E 655
in T.26X.,E.16E 655
inT.26X.,E.17E ....• 655
inT. 26X.,E. 18E 656
in T. 26X.,R.19E 656
inT.26X.,R.20E 6o6
in T. 26X.,R.21 E 657
in T. 26 X., R. 22 E 657
in T. 26 N., R. 23 E 657
in T.26X.,R.24E 657
in T.27X.,R.12E 654
in T. 27 X., R. 13 E 654
in T.27^.,E.14E 655
inT.27X.,E. 16E 655
inT.27X.,R.16E 655
inT.27X.,E.17E 655
in T.27X.,R.18E 656
in T. 27 X., R. 19 E 656
in T.27X.,E.2DE 656
in T.27X.,E.21 E 657
inT.27X.,E.22E 657
in T. 27 X., E. 23 E 657
in T. 27 X., R. 24 E 658
in T. 28 N., E. 12 E 654
in T. 28 X., R. 13 E 6M
in T. 28 N., E. 14 E 6.55
inT.28X.,E.15E 655
inT.28X.,R.16E 655
in T.28X.,R.17E 6.55
inT.28X.,R.18E 656
in T. 28 X., E. 19 E 656
in T. 28 X., E. 20 E 656
in T. 28 X., E, 21 E 657
in T. 28 X., E. 22 E 657
in T.28X..R.23E 657
in T. 29 X., R. 12 E 654
inT.29X.,R.13E 651
in T.29X.,R.14E 655
in T. 29 X., R. 15 E 655
inT.-29X.,R.16E 655
in T.29X.,R.17E 656
in T.29X.,E.18E 656
in T. 29 X., R. 19 E 656
inT.29X.,R.20E 656
jnT.29X.,R.21 E 657
in T. 29 X., R. 22 E 6.67
Jaclison quadrangle, Cal., ela-ssiiication of
lands in 549
map showing classification of lands. In atla.s
stand of timber in 21
Jeffrey pine, ^yc Pine. .Tetlrey.
Jesus Maria Creel;, Cal.. plate showing ef-
fect of fires and grazing on .626
Juniper Mountain, Wash., burn on i;J4
\
702
INDEX.
Juni|)erus occidental is. See Juniper, west-
em.
Juniper, westeni. area& timbered by.. 2-!l-242,540
range of 243,244,540,543
sizennd reproduction of 541
K.
Kaliiwa River, \Va?;li. .^>^ North Fork of
Kalrtwa River.
Klamath Gap, Oreg., topographic features
of 220-221
Klamath Lake. Oreg. ,*^r Upper Klamath
Lake and Lower Klamath Lake.
Klaiimih quadrangle. Oreg., map showing
elassifieation o£ lands In atlas
Klickitat River, Wash., character of valley
of 92
mineral springs on 95-96
timber conditions in watershed of ... 121-122
I-
Lugging, price oi 545
Lake Crescent, Wash., plate showing view
on 1%
Lake Tahoe Reserve, Cal., area and date of
establishment of 14
boundaries of 506
classification of lands in 550
stand of timber in 21
Sec also Stanislaus and Lake Tahoe
reserves.
Litkf Tenaya, Cal.. plate showing view of. . 572
Lands, classification of 563-601
Lii Push, Wash., plate showing view at 186
Larch, amount in Lewis and Clarke Re-
serve, Mont 44
plates showing 44, 68, 74
Larch, Lyall, rate of growth of 25
Larch, mountain, areas timbered by 42
map showing distribution of 40
size of 43
Liirch, western, areas timbered by 41-42
map showing distribution of 40
rate of growth of 25
size of 43
Larix lyallii. See Larch, mountain.
1-arix occidentalis. .See Larch, western.
Leiberg, J.B.,pflper on forest conditions in
Sandpoint quadrangle 583-595
report on Cascade Range and Ashland
reserves, Oreg., and adjacent re-
gions 209-498
work of 18
Lewis River, W'ash., character of valley of. 92
timber conditions in watershed of 116
Lewis and Clarke Reserve, Mont., accessi-
bility of timber in 51-52
agricultural and grazing lands in 39-40
area and date of establishment of 14
boundaries of 35-36
climate in 53
cutting in 46-17
dead wood standing in 49
distribution of forest trees in 41-42
estimates of timber in 44
Page
Lewis and Clarke Reser\'e — Continued.
explanation of maps of 56
fires in 47-50
fish and game in 35
forest trees in 41
humus in 38
litter in 38-39
map showing land clasbificatiim In atlas
maps sho^\^ng distribution of trees
species 40. 48, 70
markets for timber from 52
mining in 53
rate of growth of tr*»es in 49-50
report on 27-80
reproduction in 49
rock found in 37
scenery in 55-56
settlements in 51-55
size and quality of timber in 42-43
soil in 37-38
suggestions for management of 52-53
summary of work in 15-16
topography of 3*5-37
undcrbrui^h in 45—16
young growth in 44-45
Libocedrus deciurens. See Cedar, incense.
Lightning, fires started by 136
Lillian Creek, Wash., plate showing view
near hwxd of 180
Ijly Creek, Cal., plate showing forest near. 510.
512,514
Limber pine. See Pine, limber.
Little Badger Creek, Mont., deadwoi>d in
valley of 62
plate showing view near 56
Little Butte Creek, Oreg., description of 225
Little White Salmon River, Wa.sh., charac-
ter of valley of 92
timber conditions in watershed of . . . 119-120
Live oak. California. Sec Oak, California
live.
Live oak, canyon. See Oak, canyon live.
Lodgepole pine. See Pine, lodgepole.
Longmire, James, reference to M
Longmire Springs, Wash., plate showing
view of 88
Love Creek, Cal., plate showing sawmill on. 526
Lovely fir. Sec Fir, lovely.
Lumber, uses and prices of 544-517
Lumbering, effect of, on forest growth . . . 551-552
Lyall larch. See Larch. Lyall.
M.
McDonald Peak, Mont., plate showing view
of 66
Madrofla. range, size, and occurrence of,. 155,
534,543
Maple, plate showing 130. 132
range, size, quality, and occurrence of. 105
rate of growth of 109
See also Maple, Oregon.
Maple, dwarf, range, size, and occurrence of. 542
Maple, Oregon, range, size, and occurrence
of 533,513
See alifo Maple.
INDEX.
703
Page.
Maple, soft, range and occurrence of Ino
Maple, vino, range and occurrence of 155
rate of growth of 109
Mariner, G. A., analysis by 95
Mariposa grove, Cal., plates showing views
in 574
Markleeville quadrangle, Cal., classifica-
tion of lands in 550
iiiup sliuwing classification of lands.. In atlas
stand of timber in '2\
Marsh willow. See Willow, marsh.
Marshall. R. B., paper on land classification
in Mount Lyell quadrangle .by... 574-.575
Middle Fork of Flathead VaUey, Mont.,
area burned in 47
cutting in >» (57
deadwood in 49, 07
estimate of timber in valley of 44
fires in 67
litter and humus in G6
plate showing view of 60
rock and soil in 65
topographic features of 65
tranportation facilities in 67
trees and timber in (^i^
underbrush in 07
ynimggroA\'th in 66
Miildle Fork of Stanislaus River, Cal., plate
sliowing views on 510, 512, 514, 516, 518
Middle Fork of Sun River, Mont., plate
showing view on 50
timber in valley of 58
Mill Creek, Oreg., plates showing views
near 250, 2.56
Mineral springs in Mount Rainier Reserve,
^^"ash 95
Minnesoti), map of pine region, showing
classification of lands In atlas
report on timber conditions of the pine
region of 67^-689
summary of work in 22
Minnesota pine region, classification of for-
est land In GS4
distribution of species in GSO-aSt
estimates of timber in 682-t.S4
explanation of map of 681-682
extent of 679
fires in 685-687
fire protection in 687
forest history of GSo
map showing olassifieation of lands.. In atlas
new growth in 688
species found in 679-ti80
timber trees in 6S0
value of stump land in 688-689
Mission Range, Mont., plate showing view
of 38
Missouri Riverdrainage, Mont., agricultural
land in 64
cutting in 62-63
deadwood in 49, 62
fires in 60-61
irrigation in 64
litter in 58
reproduction in. 61-^52
rock, soil, and subsoil in 57-58
Page.
Missouri River drainage — Continued.
topographic features oi 57
transportation facilities in 63-64
trees and timber in 58-60
water power in 65
young growth and underbnish in BO
Mokelumne River, Cal., plate showing vrew
on South Fork of 530
Montour Creek, Mont., plate showing viev/
on 64
Mount Adams, AVash., altitude of IG, 88
plates showing views of 140, 142
volcanic activity on 96
Mountain hemlock. Sr.e Hemlock, monn-
tain.
Mountain larch, y^rc Larch, mountain.
Mountain pine. Src Pine, mountain.
Slount Aix, Wash., al titiide of 88
Mount Brown, Oreg., volcanic activity near 221
Mount Dearborn, Mont., plate showing view
from 56
Mount Hood, Wash., plate showing -view of. 132
Mount Lycll quadrangle, Cal., map show-
ing classification of lands In atlas
topographic features and forest condi-
tions in 574-575
Mount Pitt, Oreg., composition of forest at
various altitudes on 261
effects of fires near 281
elevation of 221
plate showing views of 406
volcanic activity near 221
Mount Rainier, Wash., altitude of 16, 88
plates showing views of 88, 136
Mount Rainier Reserve, Wash., arable lands
and soil formations in 91-93
area and date of establishment of 14
boundaries of 87-88
caves in 96-97
climate in 89-90
coal indications in 93-94
commercial uses of timber in 127-128
cutting in 138-139
defects and diseases of timber trees in. 110
estimates of timber in 111-130
evidences of volcanic activity in 96
fires in 133-137
grazing in 140-143
humus in 132-133
litter in 132
logging conditions in 139
map showing classification of lands. .In atlas
maps showing distribution of species . . 98,
104,134
markets for watersheds in 128
mineral springs in 94-95
minerals and mining claims in 94
mountain parks in 97
rate of growth of timber trees in 106
plate showing range of tree species in. . 102
prices of lumber in markets adjacent
to 129-130
report on 81-143
restocking in 136-137
settlements and improvements in 140
summary of work on 16-17
704
INDEX.
Page.
Mount Rainier Reserve — Continued.
timbcrle>*s areas in 137-138
topopra])hie features of 88-S9
tree species in 9H-10G
underbrlLsh in 130-132
Mount St. Helens, Wasli., plate showing
view of 9>
Mount Stuart quadrangle, Wash., classifica-
tion of lands in .^0
map .showing land cla.s.siflcation In atlas
Mount Thielsen, Oreg., forest conditions
near 299,300
Mowieh River, Wash., arable land in valley
of M
N.
National ]>arks, map showing forest re-
serves and In atlas
Xtiehes River, Wash., timber conditions in
watershed of 124-125
Narada Falls, Wash., plate showing view of 90
Newcastle quadrangle, Wyo.-S. Dak.,cla.ssi-
fication of lands in GO!
map showing land classification In atlas
Nevada Falls, Cal., plate showing view of. . 572
Nisqually River, Wash., timber conditions
in -watershed of 113
arable land in valley of 91
Noble fir. ,S( c Fir, noble.
North Fork of Depuyer Creek, Mont., dead-
wood in valley of 62
timber in valley of 58
North Fork of Ford Creek, Mont., timber in
valley of 58
North Fork of Kalawa River, Wash., plate
showing timber on 186
North Fork of Rogue River, Oreg., plate
showing view on 276
North Fork of Sun River, Mont., estimate of
cutting on 63
plates showing views of 36, 58, 60
timber in valley of 58
North Fork of Tetoh Creek, Mont., dead-
wood in valley of 62
estimateof cutting on 63
plate showing mountains on 36
timber in valley of 58
North Fork of Tuolumne River, Cal., plate
showing views on 506
Nut pine. See Pine, nut.
O.
Oak. range, size, quality, and occurrence of. 106
Oak, black, size and occurrence of 519
Oak, California black, range, size, age, re-
production, and occurrence of. 532,543,548
ttak, California rock, areas timbered by 518
range, size, and character of 518
Oak, California scrub, range, size, and occur-
rence of 534-535, 543
Oak, California white, range, size, and oc-
currence of 518-519
Oak, California live, range, .size, and occur-
rence of 319,533
I'age.
Oak, tan-bark, range, size, and occurrence
of .'134,543
Olympic Re6er\'e, Wash., agricultural land
in 1.53-154
area and date of establi.shment of 14
iKiundaries of 1.51-1.52
detailed description of townships in.. 1.59-208
forest fires in 1.5.5-156
grazing lands in 157
humus in 156
litter in 156
logging in 157
logging facilities in 158
map showing classification of lands. . In atlas
mapsshowingdistributionofspecies. In atlas
mining in 157
navigation in 158
plants and shrubs in 155
reduction of 13
report on 145-208
roads and trails in 1.58
summary of work in 17-18
stand of timber in 154
timber trees in 155
topographic features of 153
underbrush in 156, 157
Oregon, climatic conditions in southern.. 231-235
maps of part of .southern, showing distri-
bution of species 240, 248, 284, 320, 440
timber conditions and composition of
forest in T. 2S S.. R. 5 F, 269,
297-299, 475, 476, 477, 479, 480, 481
inT.28S..R.6E 263,
299-300, 475, 476, 477, 479, 480, 481
inT.28S..R.6i- E 300-301,
475,470,477,479,480,481
inT.28S.,R.7 E 301,479,480,481
in T. 28 S., R. 8 E 302,479, 480, 481
inT.29S.,R.3 E 302-303,
475, 476, 477, 479. 480, 481
304-305,
475,476,477,479,480,481
R.5E 263,
305-306, 475, 476, 477, 479, 480, 481
R.7E 306,479,480,481
R. 8 E 306-307, 479, 480, 481
R.l E 308-309,
475,476,477,479,480,481
inT.30S.,R.2E 254,
309-311, 475, 476, 477, 479, 480. 481
in T.3;1S..R.3 E 312-314,
475,476,477,479,480,481
inT.30S.,R.4 E 311-315,
475,476,477,479.480,481
inT.30S.,R.5 K 315-317,
475, 476, 477, 479; 480, 481
317-318,
475.476,477,479,480,481
318-320,
475, 470, 477, 479, 4.S0, 481
R. 7 E 320, 479. 4S0, 481
R.8E 321,479,480,481
R. 9 E 321-322, 479, 480. 481
R. lOE 322-323,479,480,481
in T.29S..K.4 K .
in T.29t
inT.29S.
in T. 29 S.
in T.30S.
in T.30S..K. C K
ill T.SOf
. R. 11; E .
in T.30S.
in T. 30 S.
inT.30S,
in T..30S,
inT.30S.,R.ll E 323,479,480,481
INDEX.
705
Oregon— Continued. Page,
timber conditions and composition of
forest in T. 30 .S., R. 12 E 32a-32J,
479, 480, 481
in T. 30 .S., R. 13 E 324, 479, 480, 481
inT.30S.,R.14E 324-32.5, 479, 480, 481
ill T. 30 S., R. 1 W 307-308, 479, 4S0, 481
in T. 30 S., R. 2 W 307, 479, 480, 481
inT.31S.,R.lE 326-328,
47.5, 476, 477, 479, 480, 481
inT.31 S.,R.2 K 32.S-329,
47.5,476,477,479,480,481
inT.31.'<.,K.3E 329-331,
475, 47B, 477, 479, 480, 481
in T.31 S.,U.4 E 331-333,
475,476,477,479,480,481
in T.31 .-^..R.oE 260,
333-334, 475, 476, 477, 479, 480, 481
ill T.31.'i.,R.6E 270,
335-336, 475, 476, 477, 479, 480, 481
in T.31 S.,E.6JE 336-337,479,480,481
in T. 31 S., R. 7 E 337-338, 479, 480, 481
in T. 31 S., R. 8 E 338, 479, 4.S0, 481
inT.31S.,R.9E 3*8-339, 479, 480, 481
in T. 31 S., R. 10 E. 246, 270, 3:39, 479, 480, 481
inT.31S.,R.llE. 246, 339-340, 479, 480, 481
in T. 31 S., R. 12 E 340-341, 482, 483, 484
in T. 31 S., R. 13 E 341 , 482, 483, 484
in T.31 .S., R. 14 E 341-342,482,483,484
in T. 31 S. , R. 1 W 325, 479, 480, 481
in T. 31 S. , R. 2 W 325, 479, 480, 481
in T. 32 S., R. 1 E. . 268, 343-344, 482, 483, 484
in T. 32 S., R. 2 E 344-345, 482, 483, 484
in T. 32 S., R. 3 E. . 2.53, 345-346, 482, 483, 484
inT.32S.,R.4E 269,
346-347, 475, 476, 477, 482, 483, 484
in T. 32 S., R. 5 E 260,
347-349, 475, 476, 477, 482, 483, 484
inT.a2S.,R.6E 349-351,
475, 476, 477. 482, 483, 484
in T. 32 S., R. 7 E 3.52-353, 482, 483, 484
in T. 32 S., R. 7i E a51-3.52, 482, 483, 484
in T. 32 S., R. 8 E 3.53, 4.82, 483, 484
in T. 32 S., R. 9 E 3.53-351, 482, 483, 484
in T. 32 S., R. 10 E 354-3-55, 482, 483, 484
inT.32S.,R.ll E 355,4,82,483,484
in T. 32 S., R. 12 E 3.5.5-3.50, 482, 483, 484
in T. 32 S., R. 13 E 3.56, 482, 483, 4Si
inT.32S.,R. I4E 3.57,4.82,483,484
in T. 32 S., R. 1 W . 2.52, 342-313, 4.S2, 483, 484
in T. 32 S., R. 2 VV 342, 482, 4.S3, 484
in T. 33 S., R. 1 E 3.58-3.59, 4.82, 483, 484
in T. 33 S., R. 2 E 3.59-360, 482, 4,83, 484
in T. 33 S., R. 3 E. . 2.53, 360-361, 4.82, 483, 484
inT.33S.,R.4E 361-362,
475, 476, 477. 482, 483, 4M
in T.33S.,R.5E 200,
362-364, 475, 476, 477, 482, 483, 484
inT;33S.,R.6E 364-366,
475, 476, 477, 4,82, 483, 484
in T.33S.,R. 7 E 367-368,482,483,484
in T. 33 S., R. 7i E 366-367, 482, 483, 484
in T. 33 S., E. 8 E 368, 482, 483, 484
inT.33S.,R. 9E.^ 369,482,483,484
in T. 33 S. , R. 10 E. 246, 369-370, 4,82, 483, 484
inT.33S.,R.llE 370,482,483,484
21 GEOL, PT 5 45
Oregon— Continued. Page,
timber conditions and composition of
forest in T.33S.,R. 12E. 371,482,483,484
in T. 33 S., R. 13 E 371-372, 482, 483, 484
ill T. 33 S., R. 14 E 372, 4.82, 483, 4.84
in T. 33 S., R. 1 \V 358, 482, 4s:!, 4S4
in T. 33 S., R. 2 W 357, 4,82, 4s;i, 4S4
in T. 34 S., R. 1 E 374, 485, 48(1, 187
in T. 34 g., R. 2 E 375,485, 486, 487
in T. 34 S., R. 3 E 2.53, 376, 485, 486, 487
inT.34S.,R.4E 260,
376-377, 475, 476, 477, 485, 486, 487
in T.34P.,R.5E 265,
378-380, 475, 476, 477, 485, 486, 4.87
inT.34S.,R.6E 3.81-383,
475, 476, 477, 485, 486, 487
inT.34S.,R.7E 383-381,485,486,487
inT.34S.,R. 7JE 383,485,486,487
in T. 34 g. , R. 8 E 384-385, 485, 486, 487
inT.34.S.,E.9E 385,485,486,487
in T. 34 S., R. 10 E. 240, 385-386, 485, 486, 487
in T. 34 S., E. 11 E 270, 386, 485, 486, 487
in T. 34 S., E. 12 E 387, 485, 480, 487
in T. 34 S., R. 13 E 387-388, 485, 486, 487
inT.34S.,R.14E 388,485,486,487
in T. 34 S. , R. 1 \V 373-374, 482, 483, 484
in T. 34 S., R. 2 W 372-373, 482, 4S3, 484
in T. 35 S., E. 1 E 390, 485, 4.86, 487
in T. 35 S., E. 2 E 253, 391, 485, 486, 487
in T. 35 S., R. 3 E 391-392, 485, 4.S6, 487
inT.35S.,R.4E 392-394,
475, 476, 477, 485, 486, 487
inT.35S.,R.5E 394-396,
475, 476, 477, 485, 486, 487
inT.35.S.,R.0E 396-397,
475,476,477, 485, 486,487
in T. 35 S., R. 7 E 398, 4.85, 486, 487
inT.35S.,R.7i E 398,485,486,487
in T. 35 S., R. 8 E 398-399, 485, 486, 487
in T. 35 S. , E. 9 E . . 248, 399-100, 485, 486, 487
in T. 35 S., R. 10 E 400, 485, 486, 487
inT.35S.,R.UE 401,485,486,4,87
inT.35S.,R.!2 E 401-102,485,486,487
in T. 35 S. , R. 13 E 402, 485, 486, 487
in T. 35 S., R. 14 E 403, 485, 486, 487
in T. 35 S., E. 1 W 3.89-390, 485, 486, 487
in T. 35 S., R. 2 W 389, 485, 486, 4.87
in T. 36 S. , R. 4 E. . 247, 404-405, 485, 486, 487
inT.36S.,R.2 E 40.5-406,485,486,487
in T. 36 S., E. 3 E 406-407, 485, 486, 487
inT,36S.,R.4E 269,
407-409. 475, 476, 477, 485, 486, 487
inT.36S.,R.5E 409-411,
47.5,476,477,485,486,487
ill T.36S.,R. 6E 411-413,
475, 476, 477, 488, 489, 490
in T. 36 S., R. 7a E 413, 488, 489, 490
inT.36S.,R.7b E 414,488,489,490
in T. 36 S., R. 8 E 414-115, 488, 489, 490
in T. 36 S., E. 9 E 248, 415, 488, 4.89, 490
in T. 36 S., E. 10 E 416, 488, 489, 490
in T. 36 S., E. 11 E 416-417, 488, 489, 49^*
in T. 36 S., E. 12 E 417-118, 488, 489, 490
inT.36S.,R.13E 418,488,489,490
in T. 36 S., R. 14 E 418, 488, 489, 490
inT.36S.,E.lW 404,486,486,4.87
706
INDEX.
Oregon — Continued. Page,
timber conditions and composition of
forest in T. 36 S., R. 2 W. 403, 48.5, 486, 487
inT.37S.,R.lE 420,488,
mT.37S.,R.2 E 420-421,488,
inT.37S.,R.3 E 421-422,488,
mT.37S.,R.4E
422-423, 475, 476, 477, 488,
inT.37S.,R..5E .'
423-125, 475, 476, 477, 488,
inT.37S.,R.6E
475,476,477,488,
inT.37.S.,R.7 E 426-427,488,
lT.37S.,K.8E 427,488,
lT.37S.,R.9 E 428,488,
lT.37S.,R.10E 428-429,488,
lT.37S.,R.ll E 430,488,
lT.37S.,K.ni E 429,488,
lT.37S.,R,]2 E 430,488,
,R.13E 430,488,
,R.14 E 431,488,
, R. 1 W 419-120, 488,
T.37S.,
T. 37 S.,
T.37S.,
T.37S.,
R.2 W 418-119,488,
T.38S.,R.l E 432,488,
T.38S..R.2E 432-433,488,
T.38S.,R.3E 433-434,488,
T.38S.,R.4 E 434-135,488,
T.38S.,R.5E 435-130,488,
nT.38S.,R.6 E 436-137,488,
nT.38S.,R.7 E 437-138,488,
nT.38S.,R.SE 438-439,488
nT.38S.,R.9 E 439,488
nT.38g..R.10 E 439-140,488
nT.38S<.,R.ll E 440-441,491,
nT.38S.,R.lU E 440,491
nT.38S.,R.12 E +11,491
nT.38S.,R.13 E 441,491
nT.38S.,R.14 E 442,491
n T. 38 S., R 1 W 432, 488,
nT.38S.,R.2\V 431,488,
nT.39S.,R.lE 443-144,491
nT.39S.,R.2E 444,491
n T. 39 S., R. 3 E 445, 491
nT.39S.,R.4 E 445-140,491
,nT.39S.,R.3 E.. 269,440-447,491
nT.39S.,R.6 E.. 2.>4, 447-448, 491,
n T. 39 S., R. 7 E 448-H9, 491
nT.39S.,R.8 E 449,491
nT.39S.,R.9 E 449,491
nT.39S.,R.10E 449-4.30,491
.nT.39S.,B.ll E 450,491,
nT.39S.,R.n;- E 450,491,
nT.39S.,R.12 E 450-151,491,
nT.39f>.,R.13 E 451,491
nT.39S.,R.14 E 451,491
n T. 39 S.. R. 1 W 443, 491
nT.39S.,R.2W 442,491
nT.40S.,R.lE 453-l.>l,491,
nT.40S.,R.2 E 4.>4-15.5,491,
nT.40S..R.3 E 4.55-456,491,
nT.40S.,R.4E 247,4.56,491,
nT.40S.,R.5 E 457-1.58,491
nT.40S.,l:.6 E 247,4.58,491
nT.40S;.,R.7 E 254,459,491
nT.40S.,R.S E 459-460,491
nT.40.S.,R.9 E 460,491,
489,490
489,490
489,490
... 251,
489, 490
... 2.56,
489,490
425-126,
489, 490
489,490
489, 490
489, 490
489,490
489,490
489,490
489, 490
489, 490
489, 490
489,490
489, 490
489, 490
4.S9, 490
489,490
4.89, 490
489,490
489, 490
489, 490
489,490
489,490
489,490
492, 493
492, 493
492,493
492, 493
492, 493
489,490
489.490
492, 493
492,493
492, 493
492, 493
492, 493
492, 493
492, 493
492, 493
492, 493
492,493
492,493
492, 493
492, 493
492,493
492,493
492, 493
492, 493
492, 493
492, 493
492, 493
492, 493
492, 493
492, 493
492, 493
492.493
492,493
Oregon — Continued. Page,
timber conditions and composition of
forest in T. 40 S., R. 10 E. 460, 491, 492, 493
inT.40S.,R.ll E 460-461,491,492,493
inT.40S.,R.12 E 461,491,492,493
in T.40S.,R.13 E 461,491,492.493
in T.40.S.,R.14 E 462,491,492,493
in T.40S.,R.14S E 402,491,492,493
in T.40S.,R.l VV . 253,452-153,491,492.493
in T. 40 S., R. 2 \V 451-152, 491, 492. 493
inT.41.S.,R.l E 464-165,494,495,496
inT.41S.,R.2 E 405-406,494,49.5,4%
inT.41S.,R.3 E.. 247,269,406,491,495,496
inT.41S.,R.4 E 406-107,494,495,496
inT.41 S.,R.5 E 467-108,494,495,4%
in T. 41 S., R. 6 E 468-169, 491, 495, 4%
inT.41S.,R.7 E 469,494,49.5,4%
in T. 41 .S., R. 8 E 469-170, 494, 495, 4fti
in T. 41 S., R. 9 E 470, 494, 495, 4%
in T.41S.,R.10 E 470,494,495,490
in T. 41 S., R. 11 E 470, 494, 495, 4%
inT.41S.,R.12 E 470,494,495,4%
in T.41S.,R.13 E 470-4n,491,495,4%
inT.41S.,R.14E 471,494,495,4%
in T. 41 S., R. 14J E 471, 494, 493, 4%
in T. 41 S., R. 1 W 463-464, 494, 495, 4%
in T. 41 S., R. 2 W 462-463, 494, 495, 4%
Oregon maple. See Maple, Oregon.
Ozette Lake, Wash., plates showing views
near lw.206
P.
Pacific arbor vitse. See Arbor vita, Pacitic.
Pacific dogivood. See Dogwood, Pacific.
Pacific plum. Sic Plum, Pacific.
Pacific yew. .SV*^ Yew, Pacific.
Paper-leaf alder. &« Alder, paper-leaf.
Parks, national, map showing forest reserves
and In atlas
Pattou spruce. See Spruce, Patton.
Pecos River Reserve, Ariz., area and date
of estitblishment of 14
Piceaalba. 6Vc Spruce, white.
Pieea engelmanni. :^i: Spruce. Engehnnnn.
Pieea sitchen^is, amount in Tacomn quad-
rangle. Wash .578
.Sec Spruce; Spruce, tide-land.
Pikes Peak Reserve, Colo., area and date of
estjiblishment of 14
Pine, gray, range, size, character, and occur-
rence of 617, 543
Pine, Jelfrey. range, size, age, reproduction,
and occurrence of 524-525. 543, 548
Pine limber, areas timbered by 41
map showing distribution of 70
size of 42
Pine, lodgepole, amount in Lewis and
Chirke Reserve, Mont 44
amount in Mount Rainier Reserve,
Wash 127
areas timbered by 41,99,240,537
map showing distribution of 440
plates showing 50, 62, 68, 72, 74. 276
range of 99. 243, 536. 543
rate of growth of 23, 107
INDEX.
707
Page.
Pine, lodjiei'ole. size. «ge. quality, and re-
pnnluetion of 42, 59, 99, 537
Pine, mountain, plate showing 98
rateof growlli of 107
range, size, quality, and occurrence of.. 100
Seeal^io Pine, white-bark; Pine, nut.
PineMountJiinanc) Zaca Lake Reserve. Cal..
area and date of establishment of . . 14
Pine, nut, areas timbered by 41
plate showing 50
size and quality of 42, 59
Sceattio Pine, mountain; Pine, white-
bark.
Pine, sugar, age, and reproduction of 522-523
amount in Cascade Range Reserve,
Oreg.. and adjacent region 267,
474,478,496,497
areas tm:bercd by 238-239, 522
map showing distribution of 240
range <»f 243, 522, 543
size and quality of 275,522,548
Pine, western white, range, size, age, repro-
duction and occurrence of 539,543,548
rate of growth uf 24
.See also Pine, white.
Pine, white, amount in Cascade Range Re-
serve, Oreg., and adjacent region... 267.
474,478,496,497
amount in Lewis and Clarke Reserve,
Mont 44
amount in Mount Rainier Reserve,
Wash 127
amount in Sandpoint quadrangle,
Idaho 595
areas timbered by 41, 98, 155, 239, 590-^94
map showing distribution of 48
plate showing 96
range of 98, 155, 243
rate of growth of 107
size and quality of 42, 98, 275, 548
See also Pine, western white-
Pine, white-bark, areas timbered by . . 239-240, 541
maps showing distribution of 70, 320
range of 243, 541, 543
rate of growth of 24
size and reproduction of 541-542
S€€ also Pine, mountain; Pine, nut.
Pine, yellow, age and reproduction of 520-521
amount in Cascade Range Reserve,
Oreg. , and adjacent region 267,
474,478,496,497
amount in Lewis and Clarke Reserve,
Mont 44
amount in Mount Rainier Reserve,
Wash 127
amount in Sandpoint quadrangle, Idaho 595
areas timbered by 41,99,238,520,585-587
maps showing distribution of 70, 134, 320
plates showing 38,
42, 44, 68, 72, 74. 78. 96, 246, 250
range of 99 242, 243, 520, 543
rate of growth of 23, 107
size and quality of 42, 99, 275, 520, 548
See also Yellow-pine type.
Pinus albicaulis. See Pine, white-bark;
Pine, mountain; Pine. nut.
Page.
Pinus flexilis. See Pine, Umber.
Pinus jeffreyi. See Pine. Jeffrey.
Pinus lambertiana. See Pine, sugar.
Pinus monticola. See Pine, white; Pine,
western white.
Pinus murrayana. See Pine, lodgepole.
Pinus ponderosa. See Pine, yellow.
Pinus sabiniana. Str- Pine. gray.
Pitt, Mount. See Mount Pitt.
Placerville quadrangle, Cal., classiti cation
of lands in 549
map showing classification of lands. In atlas
stand of timber in 21
Placid Creek, Mont., plate showing view on 46
Placid Lake, Mont., plate showing views at
and near 42.50.74
Pliun Creek Reserve, Colo., area and date of
establishment of 14
Plum, Pacific, range and occurrence of. . . 535. 543
Plummer, F. G.. report on Mount Rainier
Reserve, Wash., by 81-143
work of 16
Populus angustifolia. See Cottonwood.
Populus tremuloides. See Aspen; Aspen,
quaking.
Populus irichocarpa. See Cottonwood; Cot-
tonwood, black.
PortOrford quadrangle, Oreg., forest condi-
tions in 576
map .showing land classification In atla^
Prescott Reserve, Ariz., addition to 13
area and date of establishment of 14
Priest River Reserve, Idaho-Wash., area and
date of establishment of 14
Prunusdcmis-sa. SceChokechcrry, western,
Prunus emarginata. See Bitter cherry.
I 'run us subcordati*. Sec Plum. Pacific.
Pseudotsuga mucronata. See Fir. red.
Pseudotsuga taxifolia, amount in Seattle
quadrangle. Wash 580
amount in Tacoma quadrangle, Wash . 578
See (ifs'i Fir. red.
Ptarmigan Peak. M(tnt., plate showing view
of burn neur 46
Puyallup River, Wash., timber conditions in
watershed of Ill
Pyramid Peak quadrangle, Cal., classifica-
tion of lands in : 549
map showing classification of lands. . In atlas
stand of timber in 21
Pyrus rivularis. See Crab apple.
Q-
Quaking aspen. See Aspen, quaking.
Quercus califomica. See Oak, California
black.
Quercus chrysolepis. See Oak, canyon live.
Quercus densiflora. See Oak, tan-bark.
Quercus douglasii. See Oak, California
rock.
Quercus dumosa. See Oak, California .scrub.
Quercus garryana. See Oak.
Quercus lobata. See Oak, California white.
Quercus morehus. size and occurrence of. . . 519
Quercus wislizeni. See Oak, California live
708
INDEX.
Page.
Qiiillayute Prairie, Wash., plate showing
view of 184
Qiiillayute River, plate showing \iew on. . . 186
K.
Rainier, Mount. Scr Mount Rainier.
Red eedar. See Cedar, red.
Red fir. Src Fir. red.
Red fir. California. Sec Fir, California red.
Red-fir type.eomposition and character in
Cascade Rantje Reserve. Oreg., and
adjacent region 251-259
composition and character in Sandpoint
quadrangle. Idaho 587-590
Redwood, rate of growth of 24
Rluimnus purshiana. Sec Bearberry.
Ri xon , T. F. . work of IT
Rixon, T. F., and Dodwell, Arthur, report
on Olympic Forest Reserves. Wash..
from notes by 145-208
Rock Creek, Wash., timber conditions in
watershed of 117-118
R(iek oak, California. Sec Oak. California
rock.
Rogue River, Greg., description of drainage
area of 223-225
plates showing views in valley of 250
plate showing view t)n North Fork of- . . 27G
Roseburg quadrangle, Oreg. .classification of
lands in 577
map showing land classification In atlas
Rubic-on River, (.'al., plate showing view of. 538
Salix lasiandra. Sfc Willow, marsh.
San Bernardino Reserve, Cal.. area and date
of establishment of 14
Sandpoint quadrangle, Idaho, classification
of lands in 595
estimates of mill timber in 595
forest conditions in 584-^594
map showing land classification In atlas
topographical features of 583-584
San Francisco Mountains Reserve. Ariz..
area and date of establishment of . . 14
San Gabriel Reserve, Cal., area and date of
establishment of 14
San Jacinto quadrangle, Cal., forest condi-
tions in 575-576
map showing land classification In atlas
San Jacinto Reserve, Cal., area and date of
establishment of 14
Santa Inez Reserve, Cal., area of 13,14
Scrub oak. California. Srr Oak, California
scr, 1>,
Seattle quadrangle. Wash., classilivation of
lands in 579-580
map showing land classification In atlas
Sequoia gigantea. Sec Big tree.
Shake timber, price of 545
Sierra Nevada, Cal., summary of work in... 19-21
Sierra Reserve, Cal., area and date of estab-
lishment of 14
Silver fir. See Fir, silver.
Page.
Siskiyou Mountains, Oreg.. plate showing
view of 226
topographic feature.*' of 226-227
Siskiyou i*eak. Oreg.. elevation of 226
Smith Creek, Mont., deadwood in valley of. 62
estimate of cutting on 63
plate showing view of mill on 44
timber in valley of 58
Snow, Oreg.. plate showing method of haul-
ing logs near 296
Snow Range. Wash., plate showing view of. 196
Soap Creek. Cal.. plates showing forestnear. 520
Soleduck River. Wa.^h.. plates showing
views on 184, 186
Sonora quadrangle, Cal., classification of
lands in 571
map showing classification of lands . In atlas
stand of timber in 20
topographic features and forest condi-
tions in 569-570
South Fork of American River, plate show-
ing views of 536
South Fork of Birch Creek, Mont., plate
showing view on 78
South Fork of Cosumnes River, Cal., plate
showing view of 516
South Fork of Deep Creek, Mont., timber in
valley of .58
South Fork of i)epuyer Creek, Mont., esti-
mate of cutting on 63
timber in valley of 58
South Fork of Flathead Valley, Mont..
agricultural land in 73
area burned in 47
deadwood in 49. 73
estimate of timber in 44
fires and reproduction in 72
humus in 69
irrigation and water power in 73
litter in 69
rock. soil, and subsoil in 69
topographic features of 68
transportation facilities in 73
trees and timber in 70-71
young growth and underbrush in 71
South Fork of Mokelumne River, Cal., plate
showing view on 530
South Fork of Stanislaus River. Cal.. plate
showing views on 508
South Fork of Teton Creek. Mont., dead-
wood in valley of 62
estimate of cutting on 63
plates showing views on 44, 54, 58
timber in valley of 58
South Gerl6 Creek. Cal., plate showing
view of 540
South Platte Reserve. Colo., area and date
of establishment of 14
Spokane quadrangle, Wash., classification
oflandsin 5S2
map showing land classification In atlas
Spotted Bear, Mont., reproduction near 49
Sprague River. Oreg., terrace near 231
Spruce, amount and percentage in Coos Bay
quadrangle, Oreg 577
INDEX.
709
Page.
Spruce, amount in Lewis and Clarke Re-
serve. Mont 44
amount in Olympic Reserve. Wash 154
amount in Taeoma quadrangle, Wash. . 578
map showing distribution of In atlas
plates showing 184,202,204
rate of growth of 24
See afofj Spruce, tide-land.
Spruce, blue, rate of growth of 24
Spruce, Douglas. .SVr Fir. red.
Spruce, Engelmann, amount in Cascade
Range Reserve. Greg., and adjacent
region 267, 474, 478, 496, 497
amount in Mount Rainier Reserve,
Wash 127
areas timbered by 41,102,241
size and quality of 43,59,102,275
plates showing 64, 100
range of 102, 243, 244
rate of growth of 24, 108
Spruce, Patton. rate ("f growth of 25
Spruce, tide-land, range, size, quality, and
occurrence of 102-103
See also Spruce.
Spruce, white, areas timbered by 41
Stampede Tunnel, Wash., temperature and
snowfall at 90
Stanislaus grove, Cal., names of big trees in 529
Stanislaus Reserve, Cal.. area and date of es-
tablishment of 14
boundaries of 506
classification of lands in 550
stand of timber in 21
Stanislaus River, Cal. See South Fork and
Middle Fork of Stanislaus River.
Stanislaus and Lake Tahoe reserves. Cal.,
agriculture and agricultural lands
in 511-512
character and distribution of species
in 517-544
character of forest in 514-515
compositi jn of forest in 516-517
effect of industries on reproduction in 551-557
forest tires in 557-560
forest land in 514
grazing in 510-511
lumbering and timber industries in.. 512-514 ;
mining in 509-510
report on 499-561
settleu.ents in 508-509
standing c immercial timber in 547-550
tables showing size and density of trees
in 548
topographic features of 507-508
uses and market prices of timber in.. 544r-547
water supply in 508
Steamboat Mountain. Wash., burn on 134 i
Storehouse Creek, Mont., plate showing
view of valley of 38
settlement on 54
Studding, price of 545
Sudworth. G.B., report on Stanislaus and
Lake Tahoe reserves by 499-561
work of 20
Sugar pine. Sec Pine, sugar.
Page.
Summit Creek. Cal., plate showing forest
near 518
Summit Creek, Wash., mineral spring on . . . 95
Sun River, Mont., deadwood in valley of. . . 62
settlements on 54
See also North Fork and Middle Fork
of Sun River.
Swan-Clearwater Valley. Mont., areas
burned in 47
agricultural land and grazing in 80
deadwood in 49, 79
estimate of timber in valley of 44
fires in 77-78
humus in 75
litter in 75
means of transportation in 79
reproduction in 78-79
rock, soil, and subsoil in 74-75
topographic features of 74
trees and timber in 75-76
water power in 80
young growth and underbrush in 76-77
Swan Lake,Mont.,platesshowing views of. 52,66
Swan River, Mont., plates showing forest in
valley of 38, 42, 54, 62, 68, 72
reproduction on 49
Sycan River, Oreg., effects of fires along ... 282
terrace near 230
T.
Tacoma quadrangle. Wash., classification of
lands in , 578-579
map showing land classification In atlas
Tamarack, amount in Mount Rainier Re-
serve, Wash 127
amountinSandpoint quadrangle, Idaho 595
plate showing 93
range, size, quality, and occurrence of.. 104
rate of growth of .' 108
Tan-bark oak. Sec Oak, tan-bark.
Tannum Lake, Wash., cutting near 138
Tatoosh Range, Wash., plate showing view
of 92
Taxus brevifolia. See Yew; Yew, Pacific.
Teton Creek, Mont., settlement on 54
See also North Fork and Soutli Fork
of Teton Creek.
Teton :^eserve, Wyo., area and date of estab-
lishment of 14
Thuja plicata, amount in Seattle quad-
rangle, Wash 580
amount in Tacoma quadrangle, Wash, . 578
See also Cedar; Cedar, red.
Tide-land spruce. See Spruce, tide -land.
Tieton River, Wash., cutting along 138
mineral springs on 95
plate showing view of headwaters of .. 138
timber conditions in watershed of ... 123-124
Timber, uses and prices of 128, 544-547
Timber trees, defects and diseases of 109-110
table showing rate of growth of 107-109
Torreya, California, range, size, and occur-
rence of 535, 543
Trabuco Canyon Reserve, Cal., area and date
of establishment of 14
710
INDEX.
Page.
Tsuga heterophyllrt. .Srr Hemlofk.
Tsuga mertensiana. amount in Tacoma
quadrunglu, Wash 678
.S(r atmlivm Iwk : Henilwk. western.
Tsuga pattoiiiaim. .S'/- Hemlock; Hemlot^k,
mountjiin.
Tsuga pattonii. .*y(Hcuil(X'k,alpiue: Hem-
loc-k. black.
Timiion oalifornifuni. St-e Torreya, Cali-
fornia.
Tuolumne River. Cal.. plate showing views
on North Fork of 506
Two Medicine Creek. Mont., deadwood in
valley of 62
f.
Uinta Reserve, Utah, arett and date of estab-
lishment of 14
Union Peak, Oreg.. altitude of 333
Umpqua divides, tireg., plale showing view
of summit of 226
Umpqua Mountain.s. Oreg., topographic fea-
tures of 227-22S
Upper Klamath Lake. Oreg., terraces near . 230
V.
Vernal Falls, Cal., plate showing view of. . . 572
Vine maple. .Sff Maple, vine.
W.
Washington, timber c{)ndilions in T.21 N..
R.oW 159
iuT. 22 N'.,R.5 W 159-160
in T. 23 X.. R.5 W 160-161
inT. L>:)X.,R.6 W 161
in T . 24 X. , R . 4 VV 162
in T. 24 X., R. 5 \V 162-163
inT.24X.,R.6W 163
in T. 25 X., R. 3 W 164
in T. 25 X., R. 4 W 164-165
in T. •25X..R.5 W 165
in T. 26 X., R. 3 \V 166
inT.26X.,R.4 W 166-167
in T. 26 X., R. o W 167
in T. 26 X., R. 6 W 168
in T. 26 X., R. 7 W 168-169
iuT. 26X.,R.12 \V 169
iu T. 26 X., R. 13 W 170
in T. 26X.,R. 14\V 170-171
in T. 27 X., R. 3 W 171
in T. 27 X., R. 4 W 171-172
in T. 27 X., R. 5 \V 172
in T. 27 X., R. 6 W 172-173
in T. 27 X., R. 7 W 173
in T. 27 X., R. 8 W 171
in T. 27 X.. R. 10 \V 174-175
in T. 27 X., R. 11 \V 175
in T. 27 X., R. 12 \V 176
in T. 27 X.. R. 13 W 176-177
in T. 27 X., R. 14 \V 177
iu T. 27 N., R. 15 W" 178
inT.28X.,R.3W 178
in T.28X.,R.4 W 179
inT. 28N.,R.5 \V 179-180
Page.
Washington, timber conditions in T. 28 X..
R.6W 180
in T. 28 X., R. 7 W 1,S0-181
in T. 2XX.,R.8 W 181-182
in T.28 N.,R.9 W 182
inT. 28X.,R.10 W 183
in T. -28 X..R. 11 W 183-184
inT. 28X..R.12 W 184
in T. 28 X., R. 13 W 185
inT.28X..R.14 W 185-186
inT.28X.,R.15W 186
inT. 29X.,R.S W 187
in T. 29 X.. R. 4 W 187-188
in T. 29 X., R. 5 W , 188-189
in T. -29 X.. R. 6 W 189
i n T. 29 X . , R . 7 W 1 89-190
in T.29X.,R.8 W 190-191
in T. 29 X., R. 9 W 191
iu T. 29 X., R. 10 W 192
in T. 29 X., R. 11 W 192-193
in T.29X.,R.12 W 193-194
in T. 29 X., R. 13 W 194-195
in T. 29 X.. R. 14 W 195
inT. 29X.,R.15 W 196
in T. 30 X., R. 9 W 196-197
in T. 30 X.. R. 10 W 197-198
inT.30X..R.ll W 198-199
in T. 30X..R.12 W 199
iu T. 30X.,R.13 W 200
inT. 30X.,R. 14 W 201
in T. 30 X., R. 15 W 202
in T. 30 X.. R. IC W 202-203
inT.31 X.,R.14 W 20S-2O4
inT. 31 X.,R.15 W 204-205
inT. 31 X., R. 16 W 205
i n T. 32 X . , R . 1 4 W 206
inT.32X.,R.15 W 206-207
inT.32X.,R.16 W 207-208
inT. 33X..R.14 W 208
Washington Reserve, Wash., area and date
of establishment of 14
Washougal River, Wash., timber conditions
in watershed of 117
Wawona, Cal.. plate showing view of .572
Western chokeeherry. See Chokecherry,
western.
Western dogwood. See Dog^vbod, western.
Western hemlock. See Hemlock. western.
Western juniper. S^r Juniper, western.
Western larch. See Larch, western.
Western white pine. See Pine, western
white.
White alder. See .\lder, white.
White-bark pine. See Pine, white-bark.
White cedar. .Sec Cedar, white.
White fir. See Fir, white.
White oak, California. See Oak, California
white.
White pine. See Pine, white.
White-pine tjiM?. composition and character
iu Sandpoint quadrangle, Idaho. . .590-591
White pine, western. .Sec Pine, western
white.
White River. Wash., timber- conditions in
watershed of Ill
INDEX.
711
Page.
White Salmon Rirer, Wash., timber cnndi-
tions in watershed of 120-121
White spruce. .See Spruce, white.
Williamson River, Oreg.. plate showing
view on 250
Willow Creeli, Mont., character of valley of. 68
reproduction on 49
settlements on .W
Willow, marsh, rate of growth of 109
Wind River, Wash., character of valley of.. 92*
timber conditions in watershed of llS-119
Y.
Yakima River, Wash., limber conditions in
watershed of 125-126
Y'ellow fir. Sec Fir, red.
Y'ellow piue. See Pine, yellow.
Y'ellow-pine type, composition and eharac-
terin Cascade Range Reserve. Oreg.,
and ad,iacent regions 24r>-2.'il
Page.
Yellow-pine type, composition and char-
acter in Sandpoint quadrangle.
Idaho 585-587
Y'ellowstone Reserve, Wyo.. area and date
of establishment of 14
Yew, rate of growth of 109
Seeafso Yew, Pacific.
Yew, Pacific, range, size, quality, and oc-
currence of 105, 53.5-536, .M3
See also Y'ew.
Yosemite National Park, Cal., plates show-
ing views in 570,572
Y'oseraite quadrangle. Cal., classification of
lands in 574
map showing classification of lands. . In atlas
.stand of timber in 20
topographic features and forest condi-
tions in 571-573
o
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