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TRANSACTIONS AND PROCEEDINGS 


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| BOTANICAL SOCIETY. 


VOL. XV.—PART I. 


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EDINBURGH: 
PRINTED FOR THE BOTANICAL SOCIETY. 


MDCCOLXXXIV. Ss 


Along with the 2nd Part of “Hepatic Amazonice et 


Andinex,” completing the work, will be issued a short Intro- 


duction, mainly geographical, a Synopsis of the genera, an 


Index, and the remainder of the Plates, about 16 in number. 


TRANSACTIONS AND PROCKEDINGS 


OF THE 


POetANICAL SOCIETY. 


VOLUME XV. 


LIBRARY 
NEW YORE 


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EDINBURGH: 
PRINTED FOR THE BOTANICAL SOCIETY, 


MDCCCLXXXIV. 


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_ PRINTED BY NEILL AND COMPANY, EDINBURGH. 


HEPATIC AMAZONICE ET ANDINE 


QUAS 


IN ITINERE SUO PER TRACTUS MONTIUM ET FLUVIORUM 
AMERICA AQUINOCTIALIS 


A FLUMINIS AMAZONUM OSTIIS AD MARIS PACIFICI LITORA 
USQUE, NECNON A CATARACTIS FLUMINIS ORINOCT, 
CIS HQUATOREM, ADUSQUE FLUVII HUALLAGA 
CATARACTAS, LAT. 6°—7° AUSTRALI, 


ANNIS 1849-—1862, 


DECERPSIT NUPERIUSQUE DESCRIPSIT 


RICHARD SPRUCE. 


AUG 7- 1923 


CONSPECTUS HEPATICARUM 


SUBORDINUM, TRIBUUM ET SUBTRIBUUM.,; wera. 


Susorpo I JUNGERMANIACEA.* 


Vegetatio foliosa, in perpaucis frondosa. Fructus solitarius pedi- 
cellatuscapsularis quadrivalvis, rarissime irregulariter ruptus. Elateres 
sporis interjecti. Andrecia spicata, sepe amentiformia ; antheridia 
bracteis foliaceis suffulta, solum in paucis frondosis in caule sparsa 
vel seriata et ebracteata.—-p. 1-556. 


Tribus Il. JUBULE. 

Ramificatio ubique lateralis, scilicet ramis distichis, foliis solum 
lateralibus (nunquam posticis) adjectis, in plerisque infra-axillaribus. 
Folia semper alterna, incuba, complicato-biloba, lobulo inferiore 
minore vulgo inflato vel saccato. Folivla, sive folia postica, in 
omnibus ferme presentia, radicellifera; in paucis nulla (radicellis 
in tali re in caule biseriatis); in paucissimis duplicata (ie. biseriata). 
Flores & sepius diandri, in paucis monandri, solum in Myriocolea 
4-7-andri. Flores 9 monogynt, vel 1-4-gyni. Perianthium semper 
presens, liberum, a fronte plus minus compressum, 2—12-angulatum, 
raro teres, apice constricto breviter tubulare. Calyptra tam a peri- 
anthio quam a pistillidiis constanter libera. Capsula brevipes 
globosa, ab apice ad 3 solum 4-valvis, tertid parte inferiore solida, 
collum sive apophysin (revera pedicelli apicem dilatatum) sistente. 
Elateres monospiri, truncati, persistentes.—p. 1-308. 


Tribus Il. JONGERMANIEZ. 
Ramificatio varia, lateralis, vel ex parte (quoad ramulos floriferos 
precipue) postica ; raro omnes rami postici, rarissime alii etiam antici. 


* Caracteres literis italicis impressi majoris momenti sunt. 


= 


V1 . CONSPECTUS HEPATICARUM 


Folia in aliis incuba vel transversa, in aliis succuba, alterna vel 
opposita, forma valde varia, plerumque subexplanata vel concava, 
integra vel perszepe fissa, rarius autem complicato-biloba. Foliola 
aliorum generum constanter przesentia, aliorum perrara nullave. 
Flores 3 in aliis semper monandri, in aliis oligandri, in perpaucis 
polyandi. Flores 2 oligo-polygyni ; pistillidia 5-80, libera, vel in 
fructu calyptre plus minus alte adnata. Perianthium valde varium, 
complanatum, trigonum vel polygonum, raro perfecte teres, ore hiante 
vel constricto ; interdum plane vel ad speciem deficiens ; in paucis 
marsupium carnosum pendulum sistens.  Calyptra utplurimum 
libera, in aliis autem perianthio vel involucro adnata. Capsula 
globosa, oblonga vel cylindrica, ad basin usque 4-valvis, in paucis- 
simis irregulariter dehiscens. Hlateres in omnibus sere dispiri, raro 
monospiri vel 3-4-spiri, decidui, perpauci heteromorphi interdum in 
capsule fundo apiceve diutius persistentes, demum idem ac normales 
decidui. —p. 309-556. 


A. Lluteres normaliter dispiri. 
a. Ladicelle e foliorun lobulo orte. 


Subtribus 1. Raputya. Plante grandiusculie, prostrate, dichotome vel 
laxe pinnatee. Rami omnes laterales, infra-axillares. Folia iucuba, 
complicato-biloba, lobulo inferiore minore rhizophoro. Foliola nulla. 
Flores @ 1-8-andri. Perianthium a fronte semper fere compressum, 
interdum complanatum, ore lato truncato. Capsula tantum non 
omnium oblongo-cylindrica.—p. 313-325. 


b. Radicelle e cuule vel e foliolis posticis orte. 


Subtribus I]. Porettem. Plante elate speciosee. Caules e caudice re- 
pente radicelloso orti plumeformi-pinnati vel bipinnati, subarhizi, 
rans omnibus lateralibus intra-axillaribus. Folia incuba complicato- 
biloba, lobulo inferiore sat minore ligulato. oliola lobulis equi- 
magna, subinde rhizophora. Flores dioici: ¢ constanter monandri. 
Flores 2 in ramulo laterali valde abbreviato terminales (i.e. clado- 
yeni). Perianthium a tronte compressulum, trigonum, angulo tertio 
postico, 3-10-plicatum, ore laciniolato primum constricto demum hiante 
vel bilabiato. Calyptra libera. Capsula magna globosa, ad basin 
usque 4-valvis ; valvulis sepe basin versus incomplete disjunctis, urregu- 
lariter fissis.—p. 325-334. 


Subtribus IIL. Partiprex. Plante pro more elate, sepe pulchre colorate, 


SUBORDINUM, TRIBUUM ET SUBTRIBUUM. Vil 


albidee, flavicantes roseeeve, interdum sanguinee. Caules plerumque 
e caudice repente radicelloso, seepe etiam flagellifero, orti, pinnatim 
vel yage ramosi subarhizi ; rami vel omnes laterales vel alii postici, 
flore Q autem semper in caule vel in ramo laterali (nunquam postico) 
longiore brevioreve terminali. Folia incuba, transversa, vel succuba, 
foliolis (semper presentibus) subequimagna atque conformia, canalicu- 
lata, rarissime autem complicata, bi-plurifida, seepe eleganter ciliata, 
vel in lacinias capillares dissoluta. Florescentia in omnibus (Anthelia 
Juratzkana sola excepta?) dioica. Flores ¢ in succubifoliis mon- 
andri, in incubifoliis utplurimum diandri. Bractee 9 plurijuge, 
vel omnes liber, vel intime perianthio—interdum calyptre— 
adnate. Perianthium (ubi adest) a fronte parum vel vix com- 
pressum, carinis plicisve 3-10 percursum, raro ecarinatum, ore con- 
strictum vel truncatum, a bracteis intimis liberum vel in aliis generi- 
bus iisdem adnatum et obvelatum; interdum nullum. Calyptra 
libera, vel in aliis speciebus eperiantheriferis bracteis internis ves- 
tita. Capsula vel globosa valida pluristrata rectivalvis, vel cylin- 
dracea bistrata tortivalvis, valvulis interdum bifidis. Hlateres tenues 
dispiri.—p. 335-351. 

Subtribus IV. TriconantHe&. Plante pusille vel elatiores, e viridi 
pallescentes, raro luridze vel subrosez. Caules seepius prostrati vel 
procumbentes, vage vel pinnatim ramosi, aut dichotomi, flagellis 
posticis subaphyllis seepe adjectis. Rami foliosi laterales, vel alii— 
interdum omnes—postici ; florifert Q tantuwm non in omnibus postict 
solum in paucis Cephaloziis terminales ; in Anomoclada autem rami 
tam foliosi quam floriferi omnes antici. Folia alterna, raro opposita, 
succuba vel incuba, forma varia, ab apice—sepe lato, truncato—plus 
minus profunde 2-4-(raro ad 6-) dentata-lobatave, raro perfect integra ; 
in perpaucis complicata (lobulo postico minore); margine utpluri- 
mum integerrimo plano vel incurvo (nunquam recurvo). Foliola vel 
nulla vel parva; raro foliis haud multo minora iisdemque subcon- 
formia. Flores ramulo postico constantes ; vel (rarius tamen) in ramo 
laterali vel in ipso caule terminales, ¢ monandri, rarissime diandri. 
Bractee 9 plerumque trijugee et tristiche, in paucis distiche. 
Perianthium semper fere elongatum et angustum, trigonum, angulo 
tertio postico, raro ex angulis intercalatis 4-6-gonum, omnibus angulis 
exalatis et inermibus; a calyptra et involucro liberum (preter Anomo- 
clade bracteis intimis leviter adnatum, et Kantie cui marsupium 
calyptra intus concretum perianthii loco adest). Calyptra plerumque 
, parva, nisi in Kantia libera. Capsula seepissime oblonga vel eylin- 
drica, bistrata—in paucis generibus 4—5-strata, valvulis rectis, solum 
in Kantia contortis. Elateres tenues dispiri.—p. 351-416. 


Subtribus V. ScaranrompEx. Plante speciosee grandifolix, colore roseo 


VIL GONSPECTUS HEPATICARUM 


albido, vel flavido spe insignes. Caulese caudice repente orti, erecti 
vel devexi, subradicellosi, ramos paucos solum laterales proferentes. 
Folia alterna transversacomplicato-biloba, lobulo antico minore, margine 
utplurimum pulchre denticulata ciliatave, interdum etiam lobulata, 
facie supera nuda vel in aliis lamellosa pilosave. oliola in plurimis 
nulla, in paucis adsunt sat magna, biloba et incisa. Flores in caule 
terminales, dioici, raro paroici: ¢ di-polyandri. Bractee Q in 
plerisque foliis subconformes, magis equilobe.  Perianthiwm in 
typicis emersum; liberum, a fronte compressum, ore truncato seepe 
complanatum et decurvum, in aliis paucis minus compressum et 5- 
pluriplicatum; in genere Schistocheila Dum. (= Gottschea Nees.) 
autem nullum proprium, bracteis 3—4-jugis, caulis apici cavo tumenti 
adnatis, perianthii vicibus fungentibus. Capsula valida oblonga, 
interdum prelonga. Elateres dispiri—Subtribus melius forsan pro 
sequentis sectione habenda, habitu autem peculiari et foliis com- 
plicatis lobulo antico minore (nee postico ac in Radula, etc.) facile re- 
cognoscenda.—P. 416-419. 


Subtribus VI. EprcontantHe&. Plante rarius pusille, seepe elatiores vel 
robust, e viridi albicantes flavideeve, nune subluride, minus fre- 
quenter rosexe. Caules vel e caudice radicelloso repente assurgentes, 
tantum non omnes arhizi; vel prostrati et crebrius radicellosi; vage 
ramosi vel dichotomi, raro pinnati. am semper fere laterales, e foli- 
orum axilla media posticave orti, rarissime revera postici, Le. foliolis 
axillaria. Folia succuba vel transversa (nunquam incuba) alterna vel 
opposita, sat lata, integra, bifida vel 3-5-fida; margine in pusillis pro 
more integerrima, in elatioribus perszepe ciliata vel spinoso-dentata, 
basi antica seepe valide recurva. oliola plerumque nulla vel parva, 
raro majuscula; in aliis speciebus oppositifoliis (e.g. Lophocoleis, 
Chiloscyphis et Leioscyphis) utrinque cum folio adjacente in verti- 
cillum trifolium connata; in Plagiochilis oppositifoliis autem nulla. 
Flores dioici vel monoici, acrogent, rarissime hypogeni. Bractew. ¢ 
1-10-andre. Lractee Q 1-5-jugee, foliis plerumque magis incise, 
liberee vel in paucis perianthio plus minus alte adnate, vel denique 
perianthii incomplete monophylli vel plane deficientis vicibus fun- 
gentes. In generibus quibus marsupium perianthii loco adest bracteze 
interiores perseepe minute, marsupil os cingentes. Perianthium per- 
fectum normaliter a latere compressum, in aliis (superne saltem) com- 
planatum, anceps, apice preelato truncato vel bilabiato, suturis (antico 
et postico) seepe alatis, in lis autem quibus adsunt foliola majuscula 
perseepe trigonum, angulo tertio antico; in aliis denique magis inflatum, 
3-polygonum, raro teres, microstomum. Capsula seepius plus minus 
oblongata, pluristrata. Hlateres di- (rarissime mono-) spiri.—p. 419- 


523. 


SUBORDINUM, TRIBUUM ET SUBTRIBUUM. 1X 


Subtribus VII. Fossomspronte&. Plante foliosz vel sepius frondose, pro 


more prostrate, radicellosze; in Scalia autem basi rhizomatosé ramosa 
matrici adfixe, omnino arhize; subdichotome, speciebus frondosis 
rarlus postice subramosis. Caulis plerumque subplano-convexus, a 
frondis pagina bene definitus; vel preelatus, cum pagina utrinque con- 
fusus. Folia (ubi adsunt) succuba, sat lata, seepe carnosula, siccando 
flaccida. oliola, preter in Scalia, nulla. Frondes lineares vel obo- 
vate, integerrime vel serrulate, interdum pinnatifide, in Petalophyllo 
supra lamellose. Flores $ in caulis tota longitudine submarginales ; 
antheridia 2—dna, foliis viz velata ; in aliis tam foliosis quam frondosis 
in alveolis epidermidi opertis, utroque caulis latere ordinatis, 2-3na ; 
vel (in aliis) alveolis apertis monandris bractea minuta incurva suffultis 
recepta. Pertanthiwm mcomplete (solum in Pallavicinia pertecte) 
tubulare; in multis autem nullum adest. Calyptra raro parva, pler- 
umque elongata carnosa, ab involucro et perianthio libera, recepta- 
culo autem szepe plus minus alte concreta. Pistillida sterilia yel 
calyptre plus minus alte (interdum solo apici) adnata, vel super 
caulem seriata, nuda. Capsula in Typicis subglobosa, 2—5-strata, plus 
minus irregulariter dehiscens ; in § Leptotheceis cylindracea, 1-strata 
valuulis 4, regularibus, vel solum uno latere dehiscens. Elateres 2-4- 
(raro 1-) spiri, omnes simul, vel alii paulo tardius deciduii—P. 523- 
539. 


b. Elateres monospiri, utroque fine acutissimi ; pauci autem apicales 
breves rigidi diutius persistentes. 


Subtribus VIII. Merrzcerte®. Plante frondose, dichotome vel pin- 


natim ramos, laciniis linearibus; rami in altero genere (Anewra) 
omnes laterales, costa lata laxius cellulosa subtus radicellosa, pagina 
nulla vel perangusta, raro sat lata; in altero generi (Metzgeria) rami 
rarissime laterales et pinnati, floriferi omnes (interdum etiam eflori- 
feri) postici, radicellis e costa margineque, subinde etiam e tota super- 
ficie ortis. Genitalia utriusque sexus in ramuli abbreviati costa disticha ; 
pistillidia 2-20-juga, astyla; antheridia sepius magis numerosa, 
rarissime 4-sticha. Perianthium nullum. Calyptra magna clavata, 
carnosa, in Aneura sepius papillosa, in Metzgeria radicellis hirta. 
Capsula elongata, ad basin usque 4-valvis, bistrata. Elateres apicales 
fixi, cum ceteris liberis intexti, in penicillos quatuor supra capsulam 
apertam porrectt.—p. 539-556. 


Susorpo II. MARCHANTIACEZ, 


Frondes plus minus carnose, prostrate, late et indistincte costate, 
supra venoso-areolate, areolis pro more uniporosis, strato hypoporo 


x CONSPECTUS HEPATICARUM 


cavernoso ; dichotome, interdum frondulas posticas edentes ; subtus 
radicellis prelongis villose, inter radicellas paleis seriatis coloratis 
plerumque ornate. Ductuli hydragogi capillacei longissimi fasciculati 
canalem subter costam implentes, deinde per pedunculi canaliculos 
ad capitulum usque ascendentes. lores in omnibus fere dioici, 
acrogeni vel epigeni. <Andrecia vel peltata stipitata vel discordea 
subimmersa ; antheridia in alveolis solitaria. Capitula 2 pedunculo 
valido cum frondis costa continuo suffulta, 2-multiflora, orbiculata, 
hemispherica vel conoidea, plerumque lobata, subtus paleacea, intus 
locellata, locellis deorsum spectantibus.  Jnvolucrum cujusque 
locelli uni-pluriflorum vel nullum,  Perianthiwm devexum tenerum. 
eequaliter fissam, raro nullum. Pistillidia 2-12, in toro brevi 
biseriata. Calyptra tenuis, basi sola sepe persistente. Capsaula 
brevipes, globosa, unistrata, circumscissa, vel a vertice 4-8-fida. 
Elateres 1-5-spiri decidui.—p. 556-560. 


Susorpo III. RICCIACEA. 


Frondes cellulose carnose, strato cavitatum aérearum sub epi- 
dermide preeditz, utplurimum dichotome. /ructus evalvis, fronde 
plerumque immersus. Involucrum seepissime, perianthium semper, 
nullum. Capsula vel libera vel calyptra connata et confusa, globosa, 


trregulariter dehiscens. Hlateres nulli. Antheridia fronde immersa. 
p. 569-571. 


Suzorpo IV. ANTHOCEROTACEZE. 


Frondes molles, carnosule vel tenues, siccando flaccida, subtus 
radicellose epaleacew ; orbiculares, ambitu lobate, costa prelata 
cum pagina confusa; in Dendrocerote autem pinnatim fissz, lineares, 
costa angusta bene definita. Hpidermts eporosa, interdum cellulis 
gonidiiferis opacis punctata. lores monoici vel dioici, antici (i.e. 
epigeni). Anther/dia in alveolis supra frondem sparsis immersa, 
obtecta, solitaria vel pauca, raro plurima. Jnvolucrum corniforme, 
ore obliquo scarioso. Perianthium et calyptra nulla,  Odégonia 
solitaria nuda, intra cost substantiam nidulantia. Mructus pedun- 
culatus, s/iqueformis, bivalvis, columelld (sive dissepimento) percursus 


SUBORDINUM, TRIBUUM ET SUBTRIBUUM. Xl 


Elateres vel monospiri vel fibram solum flexuosam (nec spiralem) 
continentes.—p. 571-578.* 


* Synopses of the Genera in each Suborder, Tribe, or Subtribe, and of the 
Species in each Genus, will be found in their proper place in the body of the 
work. 

For an exposition of the principles on which this classification of Hepatice 
is based, see the author’s memoir ‘‘ On Cephalozia” (Malton, 1882). 


“ HEPATICA AMAZONICA ET ANDINA.” 
Part I. (pp. 1-808) published April, 1884. 
Part II. (pp. 309-588) published November, 1885. 


HEPATICA AMAZONICA ET ANDINA, 


Ordo HEPATIC. 
Susorvo L—JUNGERMANIACEZ.. 


Jungermaniee, Nees, Hep. Eur. IV. p. xix.; G. L. 
Say. oyn. Llep. p. 1. 

Fructus solitarius, capsularis, quadrivalvis, valvulis 
interdum fissis, rarissime lacerus. Llateres  sporis 
interjecti. Vegetatio aut foliosa aut frondosa. 


° 


Tribus —JUBULEZ, Dum. emend. 


Jubulece, Dum. Comm. bot. et Lejeuniacee, Dum. Syll. ex p. ; 
Jubulece, Nees Hep. Eur. III.; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 283. 

Plante elatz vel pusille, interdum minutissime, plerumque 
depresso-cespitosze pendulve, colore virente, albido, rufescente vel 
badio, raro roseo sanguineove, vix unquam aureo. Caules pinnatim 
ramosi, vel ex parte dichotomi ; rami omnes distichi, laterales, nullo 
postico. olia constanter alterna, incuba vel transversa, subtus 
lobulata, lobulo rarius subplano, plerumque inflato vel saccato, in- 
terdum bifido, subinde obsoleto, rarissime omnino deficiente. 
Foliola postica (sive stipule) in omnibus fere przesentia, in paucis 
nulla, in perpaucis duplicata. Florescentia dioica vel monoica 
(autoica, raro paroica). Andrecia spicata, persepe ramulo proprio 
amentiformi constantia ; bractez subequilobe diandre, rarius 1-vel 
3—4-andre. Gynecia in ramo longitudine normali, vel plus minus 
abbreviato, raro in ipso caule, terminalia. Jnvolucrum 9? bracteis 
1-plurijugis, foliis difformibus, planilobulis, constans. Pistzllidia 
1-4, longistyla. Perianthium liberum, a fronte plus minus com- 
pressum, 2—12-carinatum, carinis plerumque 3 (tertia postica) vel 
- TRANS, BOT. SOC. VOL, XY. A 


Ps FRULLANIA. 


4-6, raro pluribus (10-12); in paucis speciebus teres (carinis 
obliteratis), in paucissimis compresso-planum ; apice in mucronem 
tubularem abiens, demum valvatim fissum. Calyptra libera, in 
Lejunea tenuis, in Frullania carnosa, obovata pyriformisve, apice 
subregulariter bi-trivalvatim rupta. Pedicellus perbrevis, perian- 
thium 2-3plo (interdum vix) superans, apice in capsulam abrupte 
dilatatus. Capsula globosa, pro more tenuis, a media basi ad 4 
semicircumferentiz# usque integra, intus pallida, deinde 4-valvis, 
valvulis ovali-lanceolatis acutis, alternis subangustioribus, facie 
interna rufescentibus papilloso-spongiosis ; cellule exteriores sat 
magne et crassee, tesselate, pariete ad angulos vel solum ad latera 
(per intervalla) incrassato, interiores minus regulares, valde inzqua- 
liter papilloso-prominule, intus fibris maculisve coloratis (helicis 
reliquiis?) reticulate. Hlateres haud numerosi (16-200), capsule 
dimidio supero adfixi, anguste tubzeformes, stricti, persistentes, 
primum omnes deversi apiceque dilatato-truncato capsule basi insi- 
dentes, mediz longiores exacte verticales, laterales sensim breviores 
et subobliqui, omnes unispiri, rarissimo casu, helice fisso, pro parte 
2-4-spiri. Spore majuscule, globose, pressione mutua sepe poly- 
hedre, semper fere scaberule, tuberculatz vel verruculose. Pro- 
pagula, ubi adsunt, majuscula, disciformia, cellulosa. 


CoNSPECTUS GENERUM J UBULEARUM. 


A. Lobulus foliorum a caule plus minus dissitus, plerumque saccatus yal- 
ealusve, interdum evolutus et recurvo-canaliculatus. 

I. FrutiuanrA.—Rami intra-axillares, folii caulini basi imterna con- 
tigui, ab eodem liberi. Folia subtransversa, valida, pro m. integerrima ; 
cellule pariete incrassato, trigonis angularibus sat magnis. Foliola con- 
stanter preesentia. Innovatio subfloralis nulla. Flores 9? 2-4-gyni, 
bracteis plurijugis. Pedicellus cellulis 4-stratis concentricis (8 ¢. in 
sectionis diametro, 32 ¢. in circumferentia) subequalibus alternis con- 
flatus. Capsula facie interna papilloso-spongiosa. 

Il. Jusuta.—Rami laterales, folio unilobo, antico, ex p. in caule, ex 
p- in ipso ramo insidente, suffulti. Folia super caulem_ incurrentia, 
tenella, ciliata, cellulis subleptodermibus conflata. Foliola preesentia. 
Flores 9 1-4-gyni. Innovationes subflorales duz, opposite, altera 
earum raro deficiente. Bracteee unijuge, utraque innovationi ejusdem 
lateris adnata. Pedicellus cellulis oppositis bistratis, axialibus 4-seriatis, 
sectione cruciatis @, periphericis 16-seriatis minoribus, constans. Capsula 
facie interna sublvis, ad speciem porosa. 

B. Lobulus super caulem incurrens (idem ac lobus), incurvo-inflatus vel 
subplanus, interdum obsoletus. 

Ill. Leseungea.—Rami infra-azillares, folii caulini basi externa con- 


FRULLANIA. 3 


tigui. Folia oblique vel fere longitudinaliter inserta, plerumque tenera, 
integerrima, denticulata, vel dentato-ciliata. Foliola in plurimis specie- 
bus obyvia, in paucis nulla. Flores ? monogyni. Innovatis pes sub- 
florales, solitariz, vel binge et opposite, in plerisque adsunt, bracteis 
intimis adnate, in aliis autem carent. Bracteze uni-raro pluri-jugee, 
planilobe. Pedicellus idem fere Jubule, cellulis axialibus 4-seriatis 
(interstitiis formam crucis ostendentibus), periphericis 12- vel 16-seriatis. 
Capsula (pro more pallida) facie interna spongiosa. 


I. FRULLANIA, Raddi. 


Jungermaniogr. Etrusc. (1820) ; Nees, Hep. Eur. IIL; G. L. et N. 
Syn. Hep. 408. 

Plante pro more elatz, raro pusillee, depresso-czespitosee et strati- 
ficatze, sepe pendule, firmiuscule, colore raro viridi, plerumque 
rufescente badiove, interdum fere nigro, in paucis roseo tincto vel 
omnino sanguineo, haud raro nitido. Cawles validi teretes opaci, 
cellulis parvis conformibus pluristratis conflati, pinnatim ramosi ; 
rami foliis exacte axillares, basi tam lobo quam lobulo contigui, raro 
apice bifurci, altero ramulo ad involucrum ? abbreviato, altero 
interdum apice iterum (subinde iterumque) florifero ; innovatio vero 
subfloralis nunquam adest. olia basi brevi transversa (antice per- 
paulo sursum vergente) inserta, complicato-biloba ; lobus anticus 
major, oblique ovatus vel suborbiculatus—nunquam angustus—con- 
vexus, incubus, persepi basi antica semicordatus, integerrimus, 
rarius apice denticulatus; lobulus cucullatus, galeiformis, vel saccatus 
(campanulatus digitiformisve), haud raro evolutus ovato-lanceolatus, 
revera pro more bipartitus, lacinia intima (juxta caulem) parva 
minutave, triangulari, subulata styliformive. Cellule plerumque 
parvulz, in aliis minut, in paucis mediocres, in nullis magna, in 
omnibus fere subzquales, globoso-hexagone, pariete incrassato, 
trigonis ad angulos, interdumque (cellularum inferiorum) quoque ad 
latera, conspicuis. olium avillare (sc. ramorum insertionem ob- 
velans) quoad lobum ceteris foliis conforme, lobulo autem majore, 
distincte duplice, bifido vel ad basin usque partito, laciniis sube- 
qualibus vel caulinari imo majore. oliola semper presentia, sat 
magna, foliis tamen minora, orbiculata, oblonga, vel cuneata, basi 
seepe cordata vel crispato-auriculata, raro subdecurrentia, apice 
bifida (in perpaucis integra), e tergo radicellas breviusculas stellatim 
patulas rarius proferentia. Flores dioici vel monoici (raro paroici). 
Andrecia varie posita, sepissime ramulo abbreviato, globoso, oblongo 
vel cylindraceo constantia ; bracteze conferte, 2-(raro 3-4-)andre. 
Gynecia semper terminalia, acrogena vel cladogena. Bractew 2-5- 


4 FRULLANIA, 


jugs, foliis majores, lobulo majore et evoluto, sepe dentatz lacinia- 
teve, intime in aliis speciebus in cyathum altum, angulatum con- 
nate. Perianthia semper fere emersa, trigona, angulo tertio postico, 
vel tetragona, angulis posticis binis; facie antica convexa medio 
sepe sulcata, in aliis unicarinata, interdum—in subgenere Chonan- 
thelia, rarissime in aliis—e plicis interpositis pluriplicata-carinatave, 
in omnibus fere levissima, in perpaucis tuberculis squamulisve con- 
spersa; apice in rostellum tubulare (clausum) absuntia, demum 
valvatim 2-6-fida. Pistillidia 2-4na, longistyla.  Calyptra 
pyriformis obovatave carnosa, inferne sepe 6-8 cellulas crassa, 
apice dehiscente bi-triloba.  Pedicellus brevis, perianthio 2—3plo 
(vel vix) longior, validus, teres, siccando haud articulatus, cellulis 
breviuscule prismaticis, alternis (nec oppositis ad Lejewnece instar), in 
pedicelli diametro 8, sectione transversa hexagonis, nisi periphericis 
(sub 32-seriatis) subquadratis et paulo minoribus; pedicellus autem 
apice abrupte dilatatus, diametro 16 pluresve cellulas constans, 
sectione verticali semilunata, in capsulam transit.* Capsula globosa 
(ac in tribus diagnosi jam descripta) validiuscula, rufo-badia, 4-valvis. 
Elateres validi unispiri, casu rarissimo 2—4-spiri, in aliis speciebus 
30-36 cujusque valvulz, in aliis pauciores, Spore sat magne, 
rufe, tuberculis verruculisve asperule. 


Obs. The leaves of Frullania stand on a very small base, rarely half- 
embracing the stem, and are almost exactly transverse, their actual 
insertion being on the intersection of a nearly horizontal plane—trending 
slightly upwards in front—with the stem, placed vertically. There is 
no decurrence (or rather incurrence, from the fold upwards) of both lobe 
and lobule, which is an almost constant feature in Lejeunea. The postical 
lobule, folded in on the incubous lobe, and the auricle of the semicordate 
base which exists in most of the species, are quite free from the stem. 
The lobule in a good many of the species is nearly always bifid, having 
between the “lobule” (usually so-called, which is normally galeate, or 
saccate, and sufliciently large and conspicuous) and the stem a small 
plane process (interlobule or “stylus”) of a subulate or triangular form.t 


* Pedicellus vix unquam e perianthii apice, sed e carina (postica lateralive) 
infra apicem hiante emergens. Usque fere ad maturationem fructus com- 
pletam capsula cum suo pedicello (adhue brevissimo) formam obovato-obconi- 
cam monstrat, paulo serius turbinatam pyriformemve ; capsula autem exserta 
et dehiscente, pedicellus evenit cylindricus, apice in capsulam globosam 
dilatatus ibidemque facie supera (sive capsule basi interna) concavulus, 
ambitu quadratus, lateribus suis basin valvularum propriam sistentibus. 

+ I have sometimes, in accordance with the phraseology hitherto in use, 
spoken of the antical (or major) lobe as the ‘‘leaf,” but the minor lobe I 
always call ‘‘the lobule” and not ‘‘the auricle,” as usually in ‘‘Syn. Hep.” 
The latter term is needed for the ear-like dilatation at the antical base of a 
semicordate leaf, or at both basal angles of the cordate leaf that exists in a 
few species, chiefly of the subgenus Meteortopsis. 


FRULLANIA. 5 


The curious foliaceous disks, orbicular, obovate, or reniform in outline, 
found attached to the basal margin, or to the underside of the lobule, or 
sometimes of the underleaves of certain Frullanie Chonanthelie, are 
perhaps to be regarded as propagula, for they quite resemble the marginal 
propagula occasionally produced (but without any order) on the leaves of 
many other Frullanve and Lejewnew, and they certainly sometimes fall 
away and develop into separate plants. 

The leaf subtending a branch has the ordinary form and position, as 
to the antical lobe, but the postical lobule is larger, nearly always 
evolute, and more equally bifid, the segment next the stem being as 
large as that next the lobe—in Fr. replicata indeed much broader and 
rounder. In some species the segments are separate from each other and 
from the lobe down to the very base ; but the branch is always exactly 
axillary to them, touching the internal base of both lobe and lobelets 
at its origin : a character which affords one of the best distinctions from 
saan whose branches are uniformly contiguous to the external base of 
the leaf. 

Underleaves, or stipules, are constantly present, while in a few species 
of Lejeunca they are altogether absent. They are almost always broad, 
and at the apex bifid, very rarely entire. Radicles are produced, where 
needed, from the hilum at the middle base of the underleaf, as in other 
hepatics ; they afe usually short, dark-coloured, and stellately spreading, 
but are rarely seen except in species of prostrate habit. 

The female flowers are mostly acrogenous, but in some species the 
abbreviated branches bear only involucral leaves, or bracts, and the 
‘perianth with its included organs, so that the inflorescence must be con- 
sidered cladogenous. After reiterated examination I have come to the 
conclusion that no true subfloral innovation exists in any Frullania. 
The branches that occasionally arise a little below a flower that 
terminates a stem or branch, are ordinary branches, that would have 
occupied the same position had the axis from which they spring been 
prolonged indefinitely instead of determining with the apical flower. 
Two Andine species, Fr. flexicaulis, n. sp., and Fr. Sabanetica, G., are 
notable for such apparently-innovated stems, but in all other Frullane 
known to me they are of only accidental occurrence. 

The pistillidia vary in number from 2 to 4. It is doubtful if they are 
strictly limited to only two in any species, for wherever I have been able 
to examine a great many young flowers I have almost always succeeded 
in finding a few, at least, with 4 pistillidia. In the subgenus Meteoriopsis 
the flowers seem normally tetragynous. 

The calyptra is fleshy, as much as 6 or 8 cells thick below the middle. 
I know of but one species, Fr. leytomitra, mihi, where it is nowhere 
more than two cells thick. 

In conformity with the usage of preceding authors who have treated 
of the Jubulew, I have described the capsule as cloven into 4 valves, 
down only to a certain distance (about $ of the semicircumference), but 
entire at the broad pale fleshy base. It seems, however, more correct to 
regard this entire portion as the dilated apex of the pedicel, analogous to 
the apophysis of some mosses, by which name we may be allowed to 
designate it. The pedicel of the Frullanie is very constantly 8 or 9 
cells in diameter and 32 cells in circumference throughout its cylindrical 
portion, but the degree of dilatation of the apex varies in different 
species, being 16 or more cells across (on a horizontal tangent to the 


6 FRULLANIA. 


concave upper surface of the pedicel, #.¢., the inner base of the capsule). 
The apophysis has therefore the form of a shallow cup, only 2 or 3 cells 
in thickness where it joins the true base of the valves, but increasing to 
6 or 7 cells thick where it coalesces with the cylindrical stalk. The 
pedicel consists of pale thin-walled cells, which are 6-sided prisms, at 
first no longer than broad, but stretching out to two or three times the 
length on the emission of the capsule ; and they are alternate, so that in 
drying their ends do not form transverse articulations, as do the 
collateral and contiguous ends of the opposite cells in the pedicel of 
Lejeunea. The cells of the apophysis are conformable to those of the 
rest of the pedicel, but undergo no elongation. 

The inner face of the capsule is covered with an opaque reddish-brown 
cell-stratum, very uneven on its surface (papillose, and, as it were, 
spongy), reaching to the base of the true valves, and ending downwards 
in a slightly arched line (convex toward the axis of the pedicel), so that 
the four lines, meeting at their angles, form a square, which is the upper 
limit of the apophysis. laters and spores are developed in the capsule 
only so far down as this discoloured spongy surface extends. They do 
not grow out of it but are differentiated from the (apparently) homo- 
geneous cells which in an earlier stage fill up the capsule, as in other 
hepatic ; only, in the Jubulew the arrangement of the elaters and spores 
is on nearly vertical lines, whereas in most other Jungermaniacee it is 
on horizontal, or transverse lines. As the elaters are set symmetrically 
on the valves, from the apex down to at least midway of the capsule, 
and in the still unruptured capsule all trend downwards and converge 
on the apophysis—indeed are slightly adnate to it by their dilated. 
truncate extremity—it is plain they must be of various lengths, those 
inserted nearest the apex, and therefore lying nearest the axis of the 
capsule, being much the longest. The contained spiral fibre in each 
elater increases in size and tension until it has gained sufficient force to 
overcome the adhesion of the valves to each other, when the capsule 
bursts open, the spores are partly ejected, and the elaters, set free below, 
but still attached to the valves by their upper and narrower end, spring 
upwards and project beyond the apex of the capsule in the form of little 
brushes, one on each valve. 

The structure of the capsule and its contained organs is essentially the 
same in other Jubulee as in Frullania. In Porella (Madotheca), however, 
whose capsule has been considered to dehisce in a similar manner, the dis- 
eoloured inner surface, sporiferous throughout, extends downwards to 
the apex of the pedicel, which is either not at all or only slightly dilated ; 
but the 4 valves are rarely separated down to their base, sometimes 
indeed only halfway, and each valve is itself usually irregularly cloven 
(2-3-fid). This partial adhesion of the valves after maturity is seen 
occasionally in other genera. In Scalia andina, n. sp., the long, slender 
capsule is often truly follicular, bursting along one side only, and not 
quite to the apex ; but the sutures of the 4 valves are plainly traceable, 
and are sometimes here and there slightly gaping. 


The special characters of the subgenera and species of Frullania, as 
well as their aspect, habits, and geographical distribution, will be dis- 
cussed in their place, Although the central and typical species of each 
subgenus, taken alone, might seem sutliciently distinct to justify our 
raising the latter to the rank of genera, the outlying species of one group 


FRULLANIA. 7 


merge into those of the next so that no limit is assignable, and (in my 
judgment) it is best to preserve the genus Frullania entire, excluding 
only Jubula, which is truly sui generis.* 


CLAVIS SUBGENERUM. 


A. Perianthium in sectione 4-gonun, i.e., postice bicarinatum, interdum, 
e carinulis interjectis, pluricarinatum., 


i, CHONANTHELIA.—Caulis vage pinnatim ramosus. Foliorum lobulus 
grandis, plerumque apice solum cucullatus (galeatus vel probosci- 
formis), inferne planus, longe lingulatus. 


B. Perianthium in sectione 3-gonum, carina postica unica (raro 
yemina). 


_a. Perianthium tuberculis villis sywamulisve asperwm. 


2. TRACHYCOLEA.—Caulis vage pinnatus. Lobulus alte galeatus, basi 
truncatus. a 


b. Perianthium glabrum, sepe nitidun. 


3. HomorropantHa.—Caulis pinnatim decompositus. Lobulus minutus, 
conchzeformis vel saccatus, plerumque retroversus. Flores monoici, 
creberrimi, ramulis brevissimis seriatim secundis constantes. 
Perianthium suberostre. 


4. Merroriopsis.—Caulis longissimus, pro more pendulus, pinnatus vel 
bipinnatus, apice indefinite crescens. Folia profunde cordata, cauli 
circumvoluta ; lobulus erectus parvus tenui-cylindricus. Foliola 
angustiuscula, margine plano. Flores dioici, 2 cladogeni. Peri- 
anthium longirostre. 


5. THYopsIELLA.—Caulis ad Thujz instar concinne pinnatim ramosus, 
apice determinatus. Folia basi semicordata, lobulo cauli approxi- 
mato, seepius erecto, saccato, cylindraceo. Foliola ovali-rotunda, 
toto margine recurvo. Flores constanter dioici, in plurimis acro- 
geni. Perianthium rostellatum 3- (rarissime pluri-) carinatum, in 
paucis speciebus perfecte teres. 


6. DtastaLopa.—Plantz pusille, caule pinnato vel bipinnato, ramulis 
seepe microphyllis. Folia basi plerumque rotundata, vix semi- 
cordata, lobulo brevi saccato, a caule remoto, semper fere obliquo. 
Foliola subplana. Flores acrogeni, plerumque monoici. Peri- 
anthium rostellatum, interdum obcordatum, rarius pluricarinatum. 


* See, for much valuable information on the structure of the capsule, 
measurement of spores, &c., of the Jubulew, J. B. Jack’s Review of 
Dumortier’s ‘‘ Hepatice Europee,” in the Botanische Zeitung for 1877. 


8 FRULLANIA. [ CHONANTHELIA 


Suscenus L—CHONANTHELIA, S. 


Plante elatz humilioresve, molles, sepe flaccide, e viridi flavide 
fusciduleve, raro rubescentes, rarissime tote rufse, vage vel ineequa- 
liter pinnatim ramosve, prostrate, raro subceespitose vel stratificate, 
humiliores interdum plagas circumscriptas vel pulvinulos efficientes. 

Folia sat magna (‘75-2:1™™ longa, latitudine vix minore) sepe ovato- 
rotunda obtusissima, raro acuta subacuminatave rarissime apice 
subserrata, plus minus concava; lobulus magnus cauli sepius 
parallelus et subcontiguus, in plurimis apice solo galeatus—galea in 
aliis speceibus compresso-subplana-concavave, in aliis pluribus juxta 
orificium compressa, vertice arcuato autem tubuloso-inflata, quasi- 
uncinata, margineque externo ad speciem in rostrum proboscemve 
prominula—inferne explanatus sublingueformis basique interdum 
dentatus ; in paucis humilioribus totus galeatus, ore truncatus ; in 
omnibus fere quandoque evolutus. Cellule seepius parvule (diam. 
so-s's™™) pachydermes.—Folia alteri caulis lateri adnata—illa se. 
quibus foliola collateralia sunt—stylo parvo subulato, inter caulem 
et lobulum posito, seepe aucta. Stylus hic, foliis caulinis interdum 
obsoletus, involucralibus (s. bracteis) tanquam lobulus tertius minor, 
semper fere adest. 

Foliola seepe maxima, foliis vix minora, orbiculata, v. latiora quam longa, 
in elatioribus profunde cordata, in pusillis subminora plerumque 
angustiora, in omnibus fere breviter emarginato-bifida, in speciebus 
duabus interdum integra, in unica ad 4 bifida. 

Flores dioici vel monoici (autoici—raro paroici). Fl. 9 terminales (in 
unica specie quasi-laterales) seepe magni conspicui. Bractese (saltem 
intime) cum bracteola in excipulum obpyramidatum szpius alte 
connate, apicibus liberis patulis decurvisve seepe laciniatis, ciliatis, 
dentatisve, raro integerrimis, laciniis 1-3 utrinque inter bracteas et 
bracteolam interdum interjectis. Pistillidia bina. 

Perianthia primum tetragona, 7.¢. postice bicarinata, immersa emersave; 
aliarum specierum (elatiorum preecipue), plicis carinisve inter angulos 
primarios intercalatis, subequaliter 10-12-plicata; pusillarum 
seepius tetraquetra, vel 5-6-(rarissime 10-) carinata. Calyptra 
plerumque valida incrassata. Capsula globosa. 

Amenta g folium axillare raro superantia globosa oblongave ; bracteze 
majuscule 2-4-juge, rarissime ad 10-jugie, arcte equitantes 
di- (raro tri-) andre ; in florescentiis paroicis hypogyne 2-3-jugee. 

Hab. Ad arborum ramulos, rarius in cortice, interdum ad saxa, 
vel etiam in ipsa terra inter fruticulorum radices; pauce planitiei 
incole, vix unquam ab hominum habitationibiis remote; pleraeque 
monticole sunt, ad arbores domesticas, pomiferas preecipue, ad frutices 
in sepibus et in sylvis juxta semitas, necnon secus rivulorum ripas ubi 
pecora pascuntur, vigentes. 

Distr, Omnes species inter tropicos, raro etiam in zona temperata 
australi, crescunt, nulla (quantum scio) zone temperate borealis incola. 
Ipse in America wquatoriali 21 species legi, earumque 6 (Fr. gibbosa, 
N., Liojaneirensis, Raddi, tenera, 8., leptomitra, S., arietina, T., Orinocensis, 


CHONANTHELLA | FRULLANIA. 9 


S.) solum in planitie, vel in Andium radicibus, nusquam supra 600™ 
alt.; caeteras ommes in Andibus sylvaticis, inter 1400 et 3500™ alt. E 
speciebus prius descriptis quatuor, sc. Fr. hians, Arece, gibba, et arietina, 
per Americam tropicam australioremque, a Mexico ad Brasiliz et Chili 
confinia usque late diffuse ; alize nostra, hic primum descripte, postea 
forsan in terris etiam distantibus detectee fuerint. Ex Asia tropica 
et Africa australi species perpaucas cognovimus. 


Obs. The most important character of this group is to have the perianth 
normally 4-angled on the section, there being two postical keels in 
addition to the two lateral ones ; whereas in all the succeeding groups it 
is normally trigonous, with only a single postical keel. The transverse 
section is not square, but trapezoidal, the antical face being parallel to, 
but wider than, the postical, while the two lateral faces are oblique. All 
the faces are often depressed or concave, and in several of the larger 
species supplementary keels, or folds, obscure the primarily prismatic 
form, and render the perianth regularly 10- or 12-plicate. In a few other 
species the antical and postical faces (especially) are occasionally traversed 
by slight ridges for part of their length, so that the perianth becomes 
pluriplicate, but unequally, the four primary keels being always much 
more pronounced than the intercalated ones. 

A more obvious feature resides in the large, and often polyphyllous, 
involucres, of which the innermost bracts (at the least) are connate for a 
good height up with the intervening bracteole into a wide-mouthed 
obpyramidal vase, while their free apices are often deeply slashed, or 
ciliate, or toothed. 

We have no British species of this group, and only Fr. dilatata ap- 
proaches the smaller species by the galeate subhemispherical lobule, but 
by its trigonous scabrous perianth it really belongs to the following group 
(Trachycolea). The Chonantheliz are usually much larger than Fr. 
dilatata, from 1 to 4 inches long, sometimes as much as 6 or 8 inches, of 
a yellowish-green colour, rarely brownish, flaccid, vaguely branched, or, 
if pinnate, then with unequal branches, mostly short. They are usually 
prostrate, rarely stratified, but sometimes in pendulous tufts. The 
smaller species form circumscribed patches on the bark of trees, or 
cushions on the twigs. Leaves large, imbricated, usually roundish-ovate 
and very obtuse,—scarcely ever acute or toothed ; the large broad lobule, 
at the fold subcontiguous and parallel to the stem, is usually explanate 
in its lower half, and in a few species more or less cut or crispato-sinuate, 
but the upper portion is mostly galeate-semiglobose, but compressed, and 
sometimes almost complanate towards the orifice, at the arch turgid 
and subcylindrical, so as to resemble a curved horn or beak (whence, I 
suppose, Taylor’s name for one of the species, F’r. arietina). In a few of 
the smaller species the whole of the lobule is involved into a hemis- 
pherical reversed sac with a truncate mouth, without any explanate 
lower portion (or “appendiculus” as it is called in “Syn. Hep.”) In 
nearly every species the lobule is occasionally unrolled into an ovate- 
lanceolate lamina, or is merely hooded at the apex. 

The underleaves are often large—scarcely smaller than the leaves. 
broadly orbicular, and so deeply cordate at the base that the round 
auricles sometimes overlap each other ; bidentate or very shortly bifid at 
the apex—in a single species cloven to the middle,—in two other species 
occasionally quite entire. They are flatter than in most other Frullanie, 

TRANS. BOT. SOO, EDIN. VOL. XV. B 


10 FRULLANIA. [cuONANTHELIA 


and although sometimes beautifully crispate have not the strongly 
recurved or revolute margins of the Thyopsielle. The inflorescence 
is monoicous (autoicous, rarely paroicous) in a large proportion of the 
species, and dioicous in the rest. i 

I gathered in equatorial America 21 species of Frullania Chonanthelia. 
Only a few of them (about 6) are found in the plains and lower hills, and 
these I have never seen except near human habitations, or in cultivated 
ground, chiefly on fruit trees and palms, rarely on stones. At Para, 
near the mouth of the Amazon; at San Carlos del Rio Negro, and at 
the cataracts of the Orinoco nearly midway across the continent ; at 
Tarapoto, Chapaja, &c., in the eastern roots of the Andes ; their custom 
is still the same—to grow on Crescentia Cujete, Erythroxylon Coca, Guiliel- 
mia speciosa, and other domesticated trees, but never in the woods. 
They are nowhere abundant and rarely ascend to 600 metres above the 
sea. Two of them, at least, Fr. gibbosa and Fr. arietina, are widely dis- 
tributed in tropical America, from Mexico and the Antilles to South 
Brazil and Chil, but have everywhere the character of weeds. 

The larger and handsomer species are all montane or subalpine, as are 
also a few of the smaller ones, and occupy a zone on the slopes of the 
Andes between 1200 and 3500 metres, but do not reach the upper limit 
of the wooded region. Even these seem to cling to the traces of man 
and the domesticated animals, and prefer to grow on trees that border 
open grassy places where cattle graze in the hill-forests, or in large 
natural pastures on scattered trees frequented by cattle for their shade ; 
on bushes in hedgerows and at the fords of streams ; and by waysides in 
woods—sometimes partly on the ground among low shrubs (Vaccinia, 
&c.), Madothecas and other tall hepaticee, and mosses. One of the finest 
species is Fr. hians, L. et L., conspicuous for its large spreading deeply-cut 
involucres and 10-12-plicate perianth. The new species I have called 
blepharozia, ringens, spherocephala, and Campanensis are also remarkable 
plants, all agreeing with Fr. hians in the 10-12-plicate perianths but 
differing from it in the dioicous inflorescence, and among themselves chiefly 
in the involucres. The large inflated bracts of Hr. sphwrocephala are 
closely imbricated into a globose head, such as is not seen in any other 
Frullania. Fr. blepharozia is almost unique in the whole group in having 
the stem-leaves apiculate and sometimes serrulate at the point, while the 
bracts are beautifully ciliate, I found three of these species only on the 
western side of the cordillera (Chimborazo, Azuay, and the intervening 
valleys), but Fr, hians mainly on the eastern side. The latter is, however, 
widely distributed in tropical America—Mexico, West Indies, Caracas, 
New Granada, Ecuador, Bolivia, then passing eastward through the 
mountainous part of South Brazil to the very coast; but from the 
Amazonian plain it is quite absent ; nor did I gather it in the Peruvian 
Andes, where, indeed, I barely ascended above the lower limit of its 
range (1400™) near the equator. Specimens gathered by G. A. Lindberg 
in the province of Saé Paulo quite agree with my own from the Andes, 
The species reappears in the Malay Archipelago (Java, &e.) as a variety 
with much crisped stipules, apparently quite the same as one I gathered 
on the upper Pastasa. Jr. Arece, Spreng. (=r. Ecklonii, G. L. et N. 
Syn. Hep. 413, nec Spreng.), grows in the same situations as ’r. hians, 
and like it has monoicous inflorescence, but the bracts are less conspicuous, 
and are only slightly toothed at the decurvo-cucullate apex. The true 
Fr, Lcklonii, Spreng. (= Lr. Mundiana, L. et G. Syn. Hep. 772) is its 


CHONANTHELIA | FRULLANIA. 1 


Sonth African congener, and differs only slightly from it. Very few 
species of Chonantheliz are known to exist in Asia and Africa ; in strong 
contrast with their abundance in tropical America. 

One of the smaller mountain species, Fr. semiconnata, L. et L., may 
almost be considered a weed in the Quitenian Andes, for it prefers to 
grow in orchards, and especially on apple-trees, in lax tufts, along with 
Orthotricha and other mosses, in the uppermost cultivated region. A 
small form grows on old trees of Buddleva, &c., in groves frequented by 
cattle and sheep, up to 11,000 E. feet. 


I. Cuapocarpica.—Rami 9 brevissimt, bracteas solas (folia normalia 
nulla) gerentes. 


1. Fr. brachyclada.—Elata laxe subbipinnata dioica. F. laxe imbricata 
cordato-orbiculato-ovata rotundata; lobulus vix 2plo brevior ob- 
longus apice galeatus, basi explanata lobum parum transiens. Foliola 
foliis } breviora cordato-orbiculata breviter bifidula, segmentis suba- 
cuminatis. Br. 4~5-jugze acuminate subinciso-dentate ; bracteola 
utrinque alte connata perangusta ad $4 bifida sublaciniata. 


II. Acrocarpica.—Rami 9 breves longioresve apice solo florifert. 


A. Folia lobulo elongato, dimidio supero galeato cucullatove, infero expla- 
nato. Foliola sepius magna—interdum mazima—basi pro more cordatu. 
a. Perianthia 10-12-plicata, sepe invmersa. 
* Flores dioict. 

2. Fr. megalostipa.—Elata flaccida pinnata, pinnis perbrevibus. F. con- 
ferta cordato-orbiculato-oblonga ; lobulus magnus ligulatus apice 
galeatus, inferne in laminam basi rotundatam ultra lobum longe 
protractus ; cellule mediocres. Foliola foliis paulo minora oblato- 
cordato-orbiculata emarginata, dentibus acuminulatis, auriculis baseos 
maximis late imbricantibus (Pl. ¢ sola). 

3. Fr. Campanensis.—Elata dissite pinata. F. imbricata semicordato- 
ovato-rotunda, margine plicam versus sinuato-crispa interdumque 
subincisa ; lobulus plus duplo brevior angustus semioblongus infra 
galeam margine sinuato-incisus basi acuminatus lobum transiens. 
Foliola duplo breviora, preelata, cordato-reniformia integra, *raro 
brevissime bidentula, auriculis baseos dissitis. Br. 3-4-Jugze alte 
connate apice decurvee, intime foliis multo longiores, lobis omnibus 
acuminatis, anticis spinoso-ciliatis, posticis bracteolaque longilacini- 
atis. Perianthia anguste ovato-oblonga, prope basin excepta, tota 
longitudine 12-plicata. 

4. Fr. spherocephala.—Elata laxe pinnata. F. subdissita semicordato- 
oblongo-rotunda; lobulus angustus apice galeatus; c. parvee. Foliola 
4 minora orbieulata brevissime acute emarginata, basi profunde 
cordata, auriculis subcontiguis. Involucra maxima subglobosa ; br. 
3-juge arcte imbricate paleaceze concave, intime alte connatz, lobis 
acuminatis subdentatis, lobulis bracteoleeque segmentis acuminatis 
incisis, lacinulis 1-3 inter bracteas et bracteolam utrinque sepe inter- 
positis. Per. obovato-pyriformia supra medium 10-12-plicata. 

5. Fr. ringens.—Elata cuprea vel rufescens vage divisa, dein laxe pinnata. 
F. subcontigua late semicordato-ovato-orbiculata apice subcucullato 
obtusata, lobulus duplo brevior infra apicem galeatum in laminam 
rectangulari-oblongam basi 2-3-dentatam deorsum longe productus; 


1? FRULLANIA. [CHONANTHELIA 


ec. subparve. Foliola paulo minora cordato-ovato-orbiculata breviter 
emarginata, dentibus acutis, auriculis baseos magnis imbricatis. Br. 
8-4-juge distantes decurvo-secunde, intimie alte connate, lobis 
subacuminatis argute spinoso-dentatis, lobulis bracteolaeque segmentis 
tenulacuminatis integerrimis, laciniis 3 tamen utrinque inter bracteas 
et bracteolam interpositis. Per. bracteis equilonga subovato-oblonga 
tota longitudine 10-12-plicata. 

Fr, blepharozia.—Humilior, grandifolia tamen, laxe bipinnata. Folia 
imbricata semicordato-ovato-oblonga apice decurvo seepius acuta 
apiculatave; lobulus duplo brevior oblongus, basi 2-3-spinosus 
lobum paule transiens. Foliola vix duplo breviora ovato-rotunda 
emarginato-bidentula, apicemque versus plerumque utrinque 2-3- 
denticulata, basi subcordata. Br. 5—-7-juge, intime foltis plus 
duplo loygiores cum bracteola alte connate, lobis omnibus acumi- 
natis longiciliatis, laciniisque pluribus longis utrinque interjectis. 
Per. ovato-cylindrica, subfusiformia, 12-plicata, 


** Flores monoict. 


. Fr. hians.—Elata mollis bipinnata, ramis sepe elongatis. F. imbri- 
cata cordato-ovato-rotunda apice subcucullata ; lobulus haud duplo 
brevior linguzeformis apice uncinato-galeatus basi in laminam cris- 
pam basi 2-3-cuspidatam longe productus. Foliola 4 breviora 
cordato-orbiculata-reniformiave crispata brevissime emarginata, den- 
tibus acuminatis, auriculis baseos subcontiguis. Br. plurijugee 
maxim fere stellato-patule, intime in excipulum alte connate, 
lobis planis acuminatis longilaciniatis, lobulis necnon bracteole 
segmentis in lacinias plures longas tenuiacuminatas margine re- 
volutas ciliatasque fissis. Per, rectangulari- oblonga compressula 
12-plicata, 

8. Fr. Arece.—Elongata flaccida subbipinnata, pinnis brevibus. F. im- 
bricata cordato-ovato-rotunda apice decurva; lobulus vix dimidio 
brevior apice galeatus subplano-compressus, inferne ligulatus basi 
triangulari-acuminata lobum paulo transiens. Foliola $ breviora 
cordato-orbiculata, ad 4} emarginata, apicibus subacutis, auriculis 
baseos majusculis imbricatulis vel recurvis. Br. 4—5-jugee decurvee, 
intimee foliis vix duplo longiores preealte connate, lobis cymbiformi- 
concavis cuspidatis apice .pauciserratis, lobulis ineequaliter bifidis, 
segmentis (idem ac bracteole bifidee) caudato-acuminatis, margine 
recurvo integerrimis, raro lacinula una alterave interjecta. Per. 
cylindracea subcompressa 10—12-plicata, 


b. Per, 4(-5)-angula, faciebus lavibus vel (antica preecipue) 
carinulatis. Flores omniwm monorer. 


I'v. viminicola.—Robusta, humilis tamen, laxe bipinnata, ramis elon- 
vatis. FE. subimbricata divergentia cordato-oblonga rotundata; lobulus 
subduplo brevior angustus apice galeatus (vix uncinatus) inferne 
subplanus ligulato-oblongus, basi rotundata lobum vix transiens, 
Foliola superiora magna, foliis subbreviora, cordato-orbiculata, 
breviter (ad 4-4 alt.) emarginata, dentibus acutis, auriculis baseos 
wiajusculis, Fl. Q in ipso caule ramisque terminales; br. 3-4-jugee 
laxw, intima ultra 4 alt. connate, lobis cucullato-concavis apiculatis 
denticul: itis, lobulorum bitidorum br: acteoleeque seymentis lineari- 
lanceolatis, subulato-acuminatis recurvis, margine revoluto (laciniis 


CHONANTHELIA | FRULLANIA. 13 


10. 


Mle 


13. 


jnterjectis nullis). Per. subemersa oboyato-oblonga tetraquetra, 
facie antica 1-3-carinulata. War? bicolor. A typo differt fi. 
dioicis (?) foliis confertissimis apice lato recurvulis, lobulo apice 
distincte uncinato ; foliolis arcte imbricatis cordato-reniformibus. 
Fr. gibbosa.—Humilis laxe pinnatim ramosa. F. imbricata squarroso- 
patentia late cordato-ovata rotundata, margine supero recurvulo, 
complicata, plica devexa seepius diagonali ; lobulus magnus, inter- 
dum totus fere galeato-saccatus, pro more autem cucullatus vel 
omnino evolutus, basi nunquam ultra lobum protractus. Foliola 
foliis perpaulo minora cordato-reniformia sinuato-repanda vel 
paucidenticulata, emarginato-bidentata. Flores autoici, 2 ramo 
brevi longioreve insidentes. Br. 3-jugze, intimze foliis paulo majores 
subeequilobe, lobis rotundatis, lobulis obtusis interdum extus 
unilaciniatis ; bracteola utrinque alte connata bifida, segmentis 
semilanceolatis. Per. oblonga retuso-truncata rostellata 4-carinata, 
carinis rugulosis, lateralibus devexis.—Var. (?) densissima, robustior, 
magis regulariter subbipinnata, florese. paroica, sc. ramulis floriferis 
brevissimis, basi ¢, apice 9 ; bractearum lobulis subacutis ; per. 
apice subsensim in rostellum attenuatis. 

Fr. Riojaneirensis.—Majuscula flaccida inequaliter bipinnata. F. 
conferta profunde cordato-orbiculata apice decurva ; lobulus haud 
duplo brevior apice alte uncinato-galeatus, inferne oblongus rotun- 
datus cum lobo subconterminus. Foliola foliis paulo breviora 
cordato-reniformia brevissime emarginata, interdum integra, auri- 
culis baseos majusculis. Fl. ? ramo sepius brevi terminales ; br. 
plurijuge patule, intime foliis $ longiores, lobis abrupte apiculatis, 
lobulis integris bifidisve, bracteoleeque utrinque alte connate bifida 
seomentis subacuminatis integerrimis vel sublacinatis. Per. anguste 
oblonga alte 4-carinata, antice seepe 1—-2-carinulata. 

Fr. tenera.—Elongata pinnatim decomposita tenella. _ F. imbricata 
subplana semicordato-oblonga vel fere orbiculata ; lobulus magnus 
apice uncinato-cucullatus (vix unquam evolutus), appendicuto 
latiore basi rotundata lobum longe transeunte. Foliola dimidio folio 
majora late orbiculata ad vel ultra 4 bifida, segmentis patulis acutis, 
basi breviter cordata. Fl. autoici: Q bracteee 3-4-juge, intime 
foliis subsequales in excipulum ore dilatatum alte connate, inte- 
gerrime, lobis abrupte subacutis, lobulis subminoribus externe 
spina auctis bracteoleque segmentis acutis margine recurvis. Per. 
alte emersa anguste oblonga rotundato-truncata brevirostria alte 
4-carinata, facie antica 2-carinulata. Calyptra basin versus 6 c. 
crassa. 

Fr. leptomitra.—Pusilla elongata vage ramosa. F. subimbricata 
subsemicordato-oblonga, inferiora obtusata integerrima, superiora 
acuminulata apice serrata ; lobulus plerumque evolutus, raro apice 
uncinato-galeatus, basi lobum longe excedens. Foliola vix duplo 
breviora orbiculata, superiora cuneato-ovalia, apice ad }-} alt. 
bidentata, dentibus acutis. Jl. autoici. Br. 2 plurijugee decurvo- 
secunde, intime foliis vix duplo longiores breviuscule connate, lobis 
omnibus acuminatis spinoso-serratis, processu interbracteolari 
utrinque interposito; br. exteriores (5-6-jugz) lobis lobulisque 
acuminatis apice serratis. Per. emersa ovato-linearia alte obtuse 
plicato—5-gona. Calyptra tenuis, cellulam unicam, solum basin 
versus 2 cell., crassa. 


14 FRULLANIA. [cHONANTHELIA 


14. Fr. arietina.—Pusilla subpinnatim ramosa. F. subimbricata oblongo- 
ovatove-rotunda, subsemicordata, apice rotundata; lobulus haud 
duplo brevior apice insigniter uncinato-galeatus, infra galeam 
angustior subrhombeus, basi lobo subconterminus, haud raro totus 
evolutus, Feliola vix duplo breviora orbiculata ad }-{ emarginata, 
dentibus acutis, basi parum cordata. Fl. paroici, ¢ hypogyni. Br. 
Q 2-3-jugee, intime foliis sat longiores alte connatz, apice serrate, 
lobis apiculatis, lobulis (interdum bifidis) bracteoleeque segmentis 
acuminulatis. Per. subemersa oblonga tetraquetra, facie antica 
2-3-carinulata (in vars., carinulis utrique faciei adjectis, interdum 
8-10 carinata). Calyptra infra medium 4-6 cell. crassa. 

15. F'r. laxiflora.—Humilis laxe pinnata, pinnis brevibus subramulosis. 
F. subcontigua late cordato-ovata obtusa; lobulus duplo brevior 
apice alte galeatus, inferne oblongus canaliculatus lobo conterminus. 
Foliola haud duplo breviora ovato-orbiculata ad 4 obtuse bifida, 
dentibus subacutis. Br. 2-juge dissitsz, profunde bilobz, lobis 
acuminatis, supra basin posticam lacinia aucte ; bracteola basi sola 
connata, angusta, bifida, laciniis subulato-acuminatis sepisgime 
integerrimis. Per. vix emersa late ovali-fusiformia alte tetraquetra. 


B. Foliorum lobulus brevior, totus galeatus (compresso-semiglobosus) bast 
truncatus. Foliola mediocria, raro cordata. Per. tetraquetra, raro 
pluriplicata. 


a. Foliola breviter emarginato-bifida. 
* Flores monotct. 


16. Fr. semiconnata.—Humilis vage subbipinnata. F. imbricata semi- 
cordata rotundo-oblonga vel fere orbiculata insigniter concava ; 
lobulus plus duplo brevior late obovato-semiglobosus, ore truncato. 
Foliola 4 breviora obovato-orbiculata brevi-emarginata, dentibus 
acutis. Br. 2-3-juge, intime foliis haud duplo longiores alte 
connate, lobis obtusis apiculatisve. lobulis bracteoleque segmentis 
acuminatis juxta basin seepe sublacinulatis. Per. prelonga rectangu- 
lari-oblonga tetraquetra. 

17. Fr. subalpina.—Pusilla vage subramosa. F. superne increscentia 
subimbricata caviuscula late ovata rotundata ; lobulus plus duplo 
brevior subsemiglobosus, ore truncato. Foliola duplo breviora 
obovato-cuneata emarginata. Br. 3-jugee, intime foliis fere duplo 
longiores, (altera earum sola cum bracteola oblonga emarginata 
basi connata) integerrime fere equilobe, lobis anticis rotundatis 
posticis subacutis. Per. emersa pyriformia retusa 10-plicata. 


** Flores dioict. 


18. Fr. stenostipa.—Pusilla subramosa, Fr. semiconnate similis, differt 
florescentia ; foliis minoribus, lobulis sxepius cucullatis ore haud 
truncatis sed in laminam brevem deorsum protractis ; foliolis 
duplo angustioribus, ligulato-oblongis ; perianthiis pyriformibus 
5-carinatis. 

9. Fr. flammea.—Pusilla tenera inzequaliter pinnata. F. subimbricata 
late cordato-ovato-triangularia obtusa; lobulus majusculus galeatus 
cucullatusve, obliquus, ore truncato. Foliola parva late ovali- 
cuneata breviter acute bifida. Br. 1-2-juge foliis submajores 
subineequilobe, lobis acutis obtusisve. 


CHONANTHELIA | FRULLANIA. 15 


20. Fr. decidua.—Elongata subsimplex tenera ex parte denudata. F. 
subcontigua late cordato-ovata rotundata ; lobulus parvus galeatus 
suberectus, ore obliquo postice in dentem protracto. Foliola plus 
duplo breviora ovali-rotunda acute emarginata. 


b. Foliola ad 4 usque bifida. 


21. Fr. Orinocensis.—Pusilla, laxe subramosa. F. subimbricata semi- 
cordato-ovata rotundata; lobulus 4plo brevior, szpius evolutus, 
raro cucullatus. Foliola plus 3plo breviora cuneato-oblonga ad 
medium bifida, segmentis lanceolatis acutis. Br. 4-juge secunde, 
intime foliis sublongiores, lobis obtusis, lobulis zquilongis acutis 
basi lacinula auctis; bracteola ligulata vix ad 4 acute bifida. 
Per. subemersa oblongo-globosa postice bicarinata, carinis omnibus 
subrugulosis. 


1. FRULLANIA BRACHYCLADA, Spruce. 


Hab. M. Tunguragua, in arboribus, necnon in ipsa terra umbrosa. 

F17x1°55, lobul 95x -45, ¢ Ay; f'@ 1151-2, 10x11; br. 21x 1-25; 
Geto xk oo. 

Elata stratificata e pallide viridi rufescens ; caules 6-pollicares nigricantes 
laxe pinnati bipinnatique ; ramis sepe ab breviotis et 9. 

Folia laxe imbricata patula decurvula cordato-rotundo-ovata, obtusata v. 
sepius rotundata repandula ; lobulus 2plo fere brevior, cauli sub- 
contiguus subparallelusque v. basi subimbricans, oblongus apice 
galeato-saccatus, inferne in laminam longiorem, basi sinuato- 
repandam lobum perpaulo excedentem protractus margine recurvulus; 
cellule parvule aquilaterze subpellucide. 

Foliola dimidio breviora, cordato-orbiculata, subplana vy. undulata, apice 
breviter bifidula, segmentis patulis subacuminatis. 

Fl. dioici: @ quasi-laterales, ramulis brevissimis e caule ramisve 
oriundis constantes ; bracteze 4—5-jugze laxiuscule imbricate patulo- 
decurvul, intime foliis paulo longiores parce inciso-dentate 
lacinulatreve, ad medium complicato-bilobz, lobo suboblique ovato- 
lanceolato acuminato, lobulo vix breviore multo angustiore, basi 
triangulari, apice caudato-acuminato, margine valide recurvo ; 
bracteola utrinque cum bracteis plus minus alte connata, brevior, 
perangusta, ligulata, ad medium bifida, margine recurvo sub- 
laciniata. 


Fr. megalostipa, 8., huic sat similis, folia habet conferta, potius late 
oblonga quam ovata dicenda, lobulo multo longiore basi folium longe 
transeunte ; foliola magna multo latiora quam longa, auriculis basalibus 
maximis sese late imbricantibus; itaque pro specie distincta certe 
habenda. Involucra etc. non licet comparare, quum Fr. brachyclade 
flores 2 solos, Fr. megalostipe flores ¢ solos, tenemus. 


2, FRULLANIA MEGALOSTIPA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, fl. Pastasa ripis, loco Antombos, in fruticum 
ramiscum Jr. Brasilienst. Pl. ¢ sola aderat. 

F 18x16, lob 1°3x°6 (apice) x ‘85 (basi), ¢ 3); f'* 1°35 x1°6, 1:25x 
ifbaes 


16 FRULLANIA. [cHONANTHELIA 


Elata rufo-badia flaccida prostrata. Caules 3-6-pollicares flexuosi 
pinnati ; pinne perbreves (2-3™™ long) inferiores seepe mascule. 

Folia arcte imbricata horizontalia, apice decurva, cordato-orbiculato- 
oblonga, basi brevissima laterali, fere transversa, inserta, caulem 
antice late transeuntia ; lobulus dimidio brevior 2-3plo angustior, 
subligulatus, apice in galeam compressam rostratam, ore obliquo 
sinuato-crispulam, involutus, infra galeam sinuato-constrictus, deinde 
in laminam longiorem basin rotundatam versus sensim dilatatam, 
margine repando, ultra folii marginem longe protractus ; cellule 
mediocres subconformes zquilatere subpellucidée, pariete ad angulos 
incrassato. 

Foliola foliis fere equilata, breviora tamen, oblato-cordato-orbiculata, 
subplana, parum crispula, apice emarginata, sinu late triangulari, 
dentibus, acuminulatis incurvis, auriculis baseos maximis cetero 
folio fere zquialtis, orbiculatis, late imbricantibus integerrimis, hilo 
radicellarum brevium medio tergo posito. 

Flores dioici: Q haud visi. Amenta ¢ pinna folium caulinum sat 
excedente constantia, ovato-linearia subcompressa ; bracteee 8-10- 
juge arcte equitantes obtuse complicato-carinatee basi ventricose, 
lobis ultra medium connatis concavis, postico subminore acuto ; 
bracteolze adsunt parvee ovato-oblonge emarginate. 


A Frullania Arece florescentia dioica; amentis ¢ polyphyllis ; 
foliorum lobulo basi rotundato ; foliolis sublatioribus basi profundissime 
cordatis, certe distat. 


3. FRULLANIA CAMPANENSIS, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos, in monte Campana, ad saxa, alt. 1400™, 
F., .1°5 x 1:25, lob 6 x -25, ¢ ay; f'* 8x1:13; br 4:0 ; per 35x 11m, 


Elata, pallide olivaceo-viridis, flaccida prostrata. Caules 4-pollicares 
flexuosi intricati, basi parce divisi dein distanter pinnati, pinnis 
brevibus. 

Folia subimbricata apice decurva oblique semicordato-ovato-rotunda re- 
panda integerrima vel plicam versus sinuato-crispa obtuseque sub- 
incisa; lobulus 2}plo brevior semioblongus, apice uncinato-galeatus, 
inferne subplanus sinuato-incisus basique plus minus acuminato- 
protractus, cauli parallelus sed non contiguus; cellule parvule 
equilatersee pachydermes, inferiores sensim submajores. 

Foliola contigua cordato-reniformia, foliis fere duplo breviora sed parum 
angustiora, auriculis baseos mediocribus dissitis, margine recurvo 
subcrispulo repando, apice vel perfecte integra, rotundata retusulave, 
vel rarius brevissime bidentula, dentibus obtusis. 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales. Bracteee 3-4-juge laxiuseule, cum sua 
bracteola intermedia alte connatze, apice libero valide decurve, in- 
time foliis fere 3plo longiores, lobis oblique semicordato-ovatis 
acuminulatis spinoso-ciliatis; lobulis imo longioribus (interdum 
bifidis) acuminatis, bracteolaque (bifida vel non) profunde laciniatis. 
Bracteole exteriores cordato-orbiculate dentato-spinosee.  Alteri 
bractesre cujusque paris basi et altius adnatus est discus ovatus 
ovalisve, apice rotundato incisus, bractea 8plo brevior, textura 
tenyissima, Est quasi disculus f. caylinorum (quibus tamen raro 
adest) auctus, 


CHONANTHELIA | FRULLANIA. Ay 


Perianthia subimmersa anguste ovato-oblonga, basi tetragona, deinde ad 
apicem subtruncatum usque 12-plicata. 


Fr, Riojanetrensis, Raddi, cum nostra convenit foliolis magnis interdum 
integris (multo rarius autem), differt florescentia monoica ; caule duplo 
breviore ; foliis suborbiculatis, lobulo integerrimo basique rotundato ; 
bracteis fere semper integerrimis ; et perianthiis tetraquetris (nee pluri- 
plicatis).—F. Arece, Spreng., diversa est floribus monoicis ; foliolis majo- 
ribus semper distincte emarginatis, auriculis baseos magnis ; foliis lobu- 
lisque integerrimis ; bracteis apice cucullato solo paucidentatis ; &c.— 
Ff. ringens, 8., habitu tenuiore, folii lobulo basi 1-3-dentato (czetero 
margine integerrimo); foliolis ovato-orbicularibus, longioribus quam 
latis, emarginatis ; bracteis minoribus longe dissitis, laciniis 3 utrinque 
juxta bracteolam interpositis—F. sphwrocephala, 8., foliolis orbiculatis 
emarginatis profunde cordatis ; bracteis maximis in spheeram congestis, 
— solum dentato ; perianthio solum supra medium pluriplicato, longius 

istat. 


4, FRULLANIA SPHHROCEPHALA, Spruce. (Tas, I.) 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in sylvis montis Azuay, alt. 3000", e ramis 
pendula. 

# 1:4x1°2, 13x1-0; lob ‘8, ¢ 3,3; fi 10x10, “8x8; br 4-55 per 
3°5 x 2:0™™, 

Caules sub 6-pollicares laxe czspitosi pendulique, pinnati, pinnis dis- 

- tantibus breviusculis raro pinnulatis. 

Folia e viridi fuscidula subdissita, raro parum imbricata, patula apice 
decurva, oblongo-rotunda, basi semicordata; lobulus vix duplo 
brevior, cauli subcontiguus parallelusque, angustus, lineari-oblongus 
galeatus erostratus, deorsum in laminam planam vel subtortam pro- 
ductus ; cellulz parvee subzequales, pariete incrassato, 

Foliola distantia foliis subdimidio minora orbiculata fere plana, basi 
profunde cordata, auriculis vix imbricantibus, apice minutissime 
acute emarginata. 

Flores dioici: Q pauci, in caule ramisque primariis terminales. Bractezo 
sub 3-juge, foliis abrupte plus 3plo majores, flavidee paleaceze ven- 
tricoso-concavee, apice conniventes, in involucrum globosum arcte 
imbricate ; intime alte connate, lobis acutis subdentatis, lobulis 
paulo minoribus bracteolzeque segmentis plus minus acuminatis in- 
cisisque, lacinulis seepe interpositis ; exteriores liberee, plus minus 
incise, bracteolis magnis ovatis acuminatis profunde laciniatis, 
laciniis acuminatis sinubus gibbis. 

Perianthia immersa obovato-pyriformia subrostellata, basi tetragona, 
supra medium 10-12-plicata, plicis obtusis corrugatis, ore demum 
plurifida. 


Involucris maximis globosis paleaceis et perianthiis pyriformibus 

supra medium solum pluriplicatis, bene distincta species, 
5. FRULLANIA RINGENS, Spruce. 
Hab. in devexis montis Chimborazo, alt. 1200™, ad arborum ramulos, 
Heleox tt, I1x1-0, lob -6,*¢ J; f* 10x 9, 9x8; br 25; per 
SAI5) SQA Dees 

Elata pendula subcespitosa rufo-badia vel cuprea. Caules 3~-6-polli- 

TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. ' CG 


18 FRULLANIA. [ CHONANTHELIA 


cares flexuosi intricati, inferne vage divisi, divisiones elongate 
pinnate, pinnis subdistantibus simplicibus vel subpinnulatis. 

Folia inferiora vix contigua, superiora subimbricata, suboblique late 
ovato-orbiculata, apice decurvo-vel etiam involuto-cucullato obtu- 
sata, basi antica latissime semicordata, auricula semiorbiculata ; 
lobulus duplo brevior, cauli contiguus parallelusque, apice galeatus 
subrostratus, deorsum in laminam rectangulari-oblongam basi 2-3- 
dentatam, vel spina unica magna quasi-caudatam, longe productus ; 
cellulee subparvee fere conformes, pariete incrassato, 

Foliola paulo minora, dissita, ovato-orbiculata breviter anguste emargi- 
nata, dentibus acutis, basi profunde cordata, auriculis imbricatis, 
margine ubique plano. 

Flores dioici: @ in ramis longiusculis incurvis terminales. Bractez 
3-4-juge longe dissite decurvo-secunde, intime foliis duplo 
longiores, ad 4 alt. connate bilobs, lobis anticis subacuminatis 
parum cucullatis argute spinoso-dentatis, lobulis bracteoleeque ad $ 
bifide segmentis angustis tenui-acuminatis repandisve, laciniis 3 
acuminatis inter bracteolam et bracteas utrinque interpositis. Brac- 
teolz exteriores ovales bifidule parce spinoso-dentatee. 

Perianthia bracteis equilonga subovato-oblonga rotundato-truncata brevi- 
rostellata, ab ipsa basi 10-12-plicata. Calyptra obovata basin 
versus 6 cellulas, medium versus 4 cellulas, crassa, demum ad 
medium usque in valvulas 3 subzequales rupta, 


Obs. The leaf-lobule greatly resembles a slipper, covered only at the 
toe, or a lady’s stirrup. The female flowers are often very numerous, 
and, being borne on the ends of longish upturned branches, they give to 
the plant a chandelier-like aspect. The hooked secund bracts look like 
the lobed lip of some ringent flower. The outer bracts are gradually 
smaller than the innermost, and less toothed, and at about the 4th or 
5th pair from the perianth, the leaves are of the normal form, with 
saccate lobule and entire margins. 


6. FRULLANIA BLEPHAROZIA, Spruce. 


Hab. Pallatanga, Andium Quitensium, ad fruticum ramulos, alt. 1800™, 

F 16x12, 15x11, lob 8x5; css f* 9x8; br 4:05 0b7 as OERrner 
223 .xX die] nam, 

Mediocris, e pallide viridi ‘olivacea, laxe caspitosa. Caules 2-3-polli- 
cares flaccidi laxe subvage bipinnati. 

Folia ad 4 lat. imbricata horizontalia apice decurva, oblique semicordato- 
ovato-oblonga abrupte subacuta, subinde apiculata, raro obtusa, antice 
caulem transeuntia; lobulus duplo brevior, cauli approximatus 
parallelusque, oblongus, apice anguste oblique cucullatus (nec gale- 
atus), basi parum angustatus 2-3-spinosus lobum deorsum paulo 
transiens margine subrecurvus ; cellulee mediocres incrassatie, infe- 
riores medize subelongatee. 

Foliola vix duplo breviora ovato-rotunda anguste obtuse emarginato- 
bidentula, dentibus acuminulatis incurvo-conniventibus, apicem 
versus plerumque wutrinque 2-8-denticulata serrulatave, interdum 
integerrima, subundulata, basi breviter cordato-decurrentia, 

Flores dioici :?. @ terminales ; bracteee 5-7-jugee, decurve, intime foliis 
plus duplo longiores ad medium in excipulum connate ; lobis 
anticis oblique (v. semi-) ovali-lanceolatis acuminulatis apice in- 


CHONANTHELIA | FRULLANIA. 19 


curvis ceterum margine planis, inequaliter longe laciniatis ciliatise ; 
lobulis paulo brevioribus cum bracteole segmentis duobus lato- 
subulatis acuminatis subplanis pauci-longilaciniatis, processibus 
pluribus subulato-acuminatis inter lobulos et bracteolam inter- 
jectis. Bractez exteriores paulo sensimque diverse. 

Perianthia immersa ovato-cylindracea subfusiformia subsensim in ros- 
tellum attenuata, 12-plicata. 


F, hians pulchre diversa est florescentia monoica; foliis latioribus, 
apice rotundatis, basi postica crispatis, lobulo insigniter rostrato-galeato ; 
foliolis oblato-orbiculatis margine sinuato-crispatis ; mvolucri laciniis 
posticis margine valde revolutis. 

F. Campanensis, habitu florescentiaque similis, caules habet magis 
elongatos paucirameos ; folia rotundata, lobulo 2plo angustiore a caule 
dissitiusculo ; foliola reniformia dimidio fere latiora quam longa spe 
subintegra; bracteas longe breviores, minus laciniatas, Xe. 


7. FRULLANIA HIANS, Lehm. et Lindenb. 


Noy. et minus cogn. stirp. Pug. IV., 55; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 414. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, alt. 1500-2500": Banos in sepibus ad ramulos ; 
Tunguragua, in ipsa terra ad semitas, sociis Fr. Arece, Lichenibus 
Vacciniisque, pulcherrime ; Chimborazo, in arborum ramulis juxta 
tuguriola ; etiam in valle fluvii Pastasa infra Baiios, locis Agoyan, 
Antombos, &c. Specimina a cl. G. A. Lindberg in Brasilia australi 
lecta bene conveniunt. /'r. galericulata Tayl. Mst., a Rio Janeiro, 
forma minor videtur. Czterum per Americam totam tropicam, locis 
montosis, humidis et umbrosis, haud raro videtur. 

F185 x14, 15 x 1°3, lob 1:1 x °4, °75 x °3, ¢ Jy sf!” 115 x 1°35, 1:0 x12, 
9x10, "75x 1:0; invol 40 alt. ; per 3°5 x -8™™, 

Elata mollis e flavido rufescens, stratificata, procumbens pendulave raro 
suberecta. 

Folia imbricata patentissima, apice decurvo-cucullata, suboblique cordato- 
ovato-rotunda, antice caulem transeuntia, margine postico plus minus 
sinuato-crispa ; lobulus haud duplo brevior cauli subcontiguus paral- 
lelusque, sublingueeformis, apice galeatus valide rostratus, infra 
galeam crispato-constrictus, deorsum in laminam lobum transeuntem 
undulato-crispam 2-3-cuspidatam (altera cuspide medio margine 
posita, altera basali—vel seepe duabus dissitis, triangulari-acumi- 
natis); cellule parvule equilateree subpellucide, pariete incras- 
sato, marginales sub 3-seriat auricularesque ceteris paulo minores. 

Foliola foliis $ breviora pallida imbricata cordato-orbiculata-reniformiave, 
margine repando sinuato-crispa, apice brevissime emarginata, sinu 
obtuso, dentibus acuminatis recurvis, auriculis baseos (=folii 4) 
mediocribus rotundis contiguis vel imbricatulis. 

Flores monoici: ? in caule et in ramis primariis (seepe elongatis) termi- 
nales. Bractez pluri- (sub 7-) jugee, maxime, subconflatz, late fere 
stellatim patul ; intime ad medium usque in excipulum connate, 
lobis planis semicordato-ovatis sensim acuminatis longilaciniatis ; 
lobulis et bracteola segmentis plurifidis, laciniis sub 12 ineequilongis 
squarrose recurvis longe tenui-acuminatis revoluto-canaliculatis mar- 
gine plus minus incisis ciliatisve. Bracteze secundarie tertiarizque 
in excipulum minus altum connate ; lobis autem a primariis vix 


20 FRULLANIA. [CHONANTHELIA 


diversis laciniato-serratis ; lobulis bracteolaque magna ovali apice ad 
i bifida toto margine crispatis et longilaciniatis-ciliatisve. Bracteze 
exteriores in foliornm formam sensim transeuntes. Bracteola sexta 
suborbiculata margine crispata et plus minus dentato-spinulosa apice 
biapiculata ; septima subintegerrima foliolis conformis. 

Perianthia subimmersa compresso-cylindrica (rectangulari-oblonga) ros- 
tellata 12-plicata. 

Amenta ¢ pro more ramigena, folio axillari longiora, ovato-linearia ; 
bracteze 8-10-jugze parvulee arcte imbricatee, diandre. 

Var. crispa, §., foliis, lobulis, foliolisque margine pulchre sinuato- 
crispis, basi bispinosis. 

Obs. The long, almost teretely revolute laciniz of the bract-lobules, 
beset here and there with widely-spreading teeth, resemble elk’s-horns ; 
while the large, flat, sharp-pointed, and sharply-toothed (or spinose) 
antical lobes are widely different from the cucullate slightly-toothed 
bract-lobes of Fr. Arece. 


8. FRULLANIA AREC# (Spreng). 


Jung. Arece, Spreng., N. Entdeck. II1.,99 ; “ Frull. Ecklonii, Spreng.,” 

G. L. et N. Syn. Hep., 413 (nec Spreng. Syst. Veg. IV., 2, 324). 

Hab. In Andibus Quitensibus, alt. 1500-3000", haud infrequens ; 
Banos, ad pedem M. Tunguragua, in fruticum ramulis, cum Fr, 
hiante mixta; M. Guayrapata, inter Lejewneas serpens, &c. Per 
americam tropicam et australem ad Chili usque dispersa. 

F 20x20, 1°8x 1°55, lob 1°3X°5, ¢ ge—sh; f” 14x15, 12x13; br 
3°1-3°5 5 per 3°2 x 1°2, 3:0 x 1:1™™, 

Elata prostrato-stratificata, e viridi rufo-badia. Caules 2—5-pollicares 
flexuosi flaccidi pinnati et subbipinnati, pinnis brevibus ineequilongis, 
pinnulis seepe ad amenta ¢ redactis. 

Folia imbricata patentissima vel subdivaricata, cordato-ovato-rotunda, 
apice subcucullata, basi antica caulem late transeuntia ; lobulus vix 
dimidio brevior cauli subcontiguus ligulatus, deorsuam paulo ampli- 
atus, subplanus repandus, basi triangulari acutus vel subacuminatus, 
raro obtusus, lobi marginem paulo transiens, apice galeato-saccatus 
compresso-planus vel supra concavus (neque vertice inflato-unci- 
natus); cellule mediocres subsequilateree, pariete incrassato. 

Foliola imbricata foliis dimidio breviora, viridia, subplana cordato-orbicu- 
lata, paulo oblata, ad 4 alt. emarginata, sinu triangulari, apicibus 
acutis vel vix subacuminatis, auriculis baseos majusculis (=folioli 4) 
subrotundis, vel recurvis vel subplanis, contiguis vel imbricatulis. 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo (haud abbreviato) assurgente terminales. 
Bractese 4-5-juge laxiusculee decurvee, intime foliis vix duplo 
longiores in infundibulum preealte connate (antice tamen liberee et 
convolutive imbricata); lobis anticis late ovalibus cuspidatis apicu- 
latisve cymbiformi-concayis apice 3-pauci-serratis-denticulatisve ; 
lobulis inzequaliter bifidis, segmentis (idem ac bracteole anguste 
bifidee) caudato-acuminatis, plus minus recurvo-canaliculatis, rarius 
lacinula una alterave interjecta auctis. Bractese exteriores sensim 
minores apiculate subintegerrime, cum bracteola ovali-lanceolata 
apice anguste bifida minus alte connate. 

Perianthia cx involucri ore recurvo-hiante vix vel paulo emersa cylin- 


CHONANTHELIA | FRULLANIA. | 


dracea subcompressa obtuse 10-12-plicata, apice constricto obsolete 
rostellata. Capsula globosa. 

Amenta ¢ ad caulem et ramos primarios, folium axillare vix zquantia, 
ovato-globosa subcompressa ; bracteze 3-4-juge complicato-concavee 
pilobee, lobis fere semicireularibus apice rotundatis. 

Ad Pallatanga, in Andibus Quitensibus occidentalibus, adest forma 
minor, foliolis exacte fere orbiculatis, et bracteis cucullatis argute spinu- 
loso-dentatis. 

9. FRULLANIA VIMINICOLA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, alt. circiter 3000", ex arborum ramis pendula, a 
cl. JAMESON lecta. 

F 18x 1:25, 13x 1-0, lob 8x °35,¢ ays; fl 13x 1-4, 8x °75; br 3-0; 
aaa ic5); per 3:0 x 1-3, 2°6x 1-1", 

Robusta pusillave e viridi olivacea. Caules 1-4-pollicares laxe vage 
bipinnati, ramis paucis elongatis divaricatis. 

Folia subimbricata divergentia decurvo-cucullata valde oblique cordato- 
oblonga, apice rotundato repanda, basi antica caulem late tran- 
seuntia; lobulus subduplo brevior angustus ligulato-oblongus, 
apice alte galeatus et vel compresso-planus y. subinflato-uncinatus, 
dimidio infero subplanus rotundatus lobi margine subconterminus ; 
cellule parvule subconformes. 

Foliola inferiora mediocria, superiora magna, foliis subbreviora, superficie 
autem vix minora, cordato-orbiculata breviter (ad 4+ argi- 
nata, sinu triangulari, dentibus subacutis apiculatisve, auriculis baseos 
majusculis minusculisve reflexis v. conniventibus, 

Flores monoici: ¢ in caule et ramis primariis terminales. Bractez 

3—4-jugee laxze, intime foliis sat longiores, a basi ultra medium in 
excipulum campanulatum connate; Jobi late ovati abrupte acumi- 
nulati cucullato-concavi spinuloso- -denticulati, raro integerrimi ; 
lobuli bracteoleeque bifidee segmenta acuminata subintegerrima 
Squarroso-recurva, margine plus 1 minus revoluto. Bracteze exteriores 
minus alte connatie inque foliorum formam sensim vergentes. 

Perianthia subemersa obovato-oblonga, ex apice retusulo rostellata, com- 
pressula, tetraquetra, facie antica late I-carinata v. humiliter 2-3- 
carinulata. 

Amenta ¢ (perrara) folio axillari subzequilonga, oblongo-rotunda com- 
pressa ; bracteze 3-4-jugee turgid subeequilobe. (Plante mere 
foemineze frequentiores sunt.) 


Ab hae differt Fr. Arece, Spreng., caule longiore magis eleganter 
pinnato, ramis brevibus ; foliis majoribus latioribus subovatis ; foliolis 
basi grandi-auriculatis; precipue autem perianthiis cequaliter 12- 
plicatis. 

Var. bicolor (=Fr. excipulifera, S. Mst.). Humilis vage ramosa, A Fr. 
Jamesoni differt (an specifice ?) foliis valde confertis, dimidio supero 
rubescentibus, infero albidis, rotundioribus, minus concavis, margine 
apicis lati recurvulo, lobulo ‘latiore apice distinete uncinato- -galeato, 
‘basi lobum paulo transeunte ; ; foliolis arcte imbricatis, cordato-reni- 
formibus ; perianthiis vix emersis anguste ovato-oblongis ; demum 
floribus dioicis? Cum Fr. gibbosa foliis bicoloribus, margine recur- 
vulo (mec tamen squarrosis) paulo convenit, czeteris caracteribus 
preecipueque bracteis cuspidatis denticulatis satis differt—Hab. In 


Ap? FRULLANIA. [ CHONANTHELIA 


Monte Campana Andium Peruvianorum, ad ramos, alt. 1200™, ipse 
legi. 


10. FRULLANIA GIBBosA, Nees. 


G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 411. 


Hab. in planitie Amazonica rarius, arboricola et saxicola, semper juxta 
habitationes. Per Americam tropicam dispersa. 

F10x1:0; lob 65x °45, e253; f* 8x11; br 13; per 175 x 75e™: 

Humilis e viridi rufescens plagas latas vix stratificatas sistens. Caules 
prostrati arcte repentes implexique 1-2-pollicares laxe pinnatim 
ramosi. 

Folia plus minus arete imbricata squarroso-patentia, dimidio supero rufo- 
badia, infero pallida, convexula, margine supero tamen recurvulo, 
late cordato-ovata rotundata ; lobulus paulo brevior, ad basin cauli 
contiguus, plica recta vix unquam cauli parallela sed angulo sub 45° 
(in lobulis evolutis majore) devexa, alte galeatus (compresso-para- 
boloideus) ore fere truncato, vel plus minus late cucullatus, vel 
persepe evolutus oblique ovato-triangularis obtusus, basi interna 
nunquam ultra lobi marginem protractus; disculus (s. lobulus 
adventitius) parvus obovatus, ipsissima basi lobulo connatus, a foliolo 
collaterali semper liber; cellule parvule globoso-hexagonz subz- 
quimagne chlorophyllosx, pariete incrassato. 

Foliola imbricata, foliis fere squimagna, oblata, cordato-reniformia 
sinuato-repanda, raro grosse pauci-denticulata, emarginato-bidentata, 
sinu lunulari vel subacuto, dentibus subacutis raro apiculatis, 
margine recurvulo. 

Flores monoici (autoici): @ in ramo brevi longioreve terminales. 
Bractee 3-jugie, raro plures, intime foliis paulo majores suberectz 
complicate subzquilobse, lobo antico rotundato, postico obtuso 
margine recurvo interdum extus lacinia aucto; bracteola angusta 
utrinque alte connata bifida, segmentis semilanceolatis integerrimis 
vel grosse laciniatis. 

Perianthia semiemersa, oblonga vel obovato-oblonga retuso-truncata ros- 
tellata, 4-carinata, carinis rugulosis, lateralibus devexis, facie antica 
latiore unisulca; textura, e cellulis nucleo stellari (seepe intense 
rubro), pariete ecolorato diaphano ad angulos incrassato, pulchre 
tesselata. 

Amenta ¢ axillaria, folio caulino subequilonga, ovato-globosa ; bractez 
5-6-juge majuscule arcte equitantes equilobe diandre, raro 
triandre. 

Var. (?) densissima (Fr. densissima, S. Mst.). Robustior seepe bipinnata, 
pinnis inferioribus superioribusque brevissimis simplicibus, mediis 
longioribus pinnulatis, pinnulis seepe floriferis. Folia arctissime im- 
bricata squarrosa, margine recurvo, latiora quam longa, disculo 
majusculo orbiculato vel reniformi folioli auricule altere tergo (raro 
margine) adnato. Foliola arcte imbricata preelata, margine repando 
recurvo, basi Eons cordata, auriculis lunato-oblongis conniven- 
tibus. Ramuli floriferi brevissimi, basi ¢ apice 9. Bractewe 
3-jugee iis forme prioris similes, lobulis autem subacutis. Bracteze 

2~3-juge femineis sensim minores subequilobe diandre, 
bracteolis lineari-ovalibus bidentalis, hine basi bracteze connatis. 
Perianthia apice in rostellum subsensim attenuata.— Hab, In cortice 


CHONANTHELIA | FRULLANIA. 23 


et saxis in Andium radicibus ad Tarapoto, etiam ad S. Carlos fluvii 
Negro. Forsan e florescentia paroica a Fr. gibbosa diversa, amenta 
mere mascula autem interdum (sed rarissime) idem ac in priore 
inveniuntur. In utraque forma folia alterna sola disculifera, 
lisdemque foliola collateralia sunt. 


11. FRULLANIA RIOJANEIRENSIS, Raddi ? 


Frullanoides Riojaneirensis, Raddi, in Mem. di Mod. 1823, p. 37, et 1827, 
t.2,f. 4. Frullania ‘Sebastianopolitana, Lindenb., in Syn. Hep. p. 
412, 

Hab. Tarapoto, in Andibus Peruvianis, ad cortices, cum F’. gibbosa Nees 
mixta. Variis locis Brasiliz, Peruviee, imsule Trinidad, &c., fide 
Syn. Hep. auctorum I. ¢. 

HOI x 13,125. x 1°15, lob -°75 x45, ¢ ays f* 1:0x1-15, 9x11; br 
1°75 5 per 2°4x 1:0, 2°0x 1:0™™, 

Grandiuscula prostrata vix stratificata, flavescens flaccida. Caules 2-3- 
pollicares bipinnati, ramis inzequilongis pro more brevibus. 

Folia tenera arcte (ultra } lat.) imbricata horizontalia, apice valide decurva, 
cordato-orbiculata ; lobulus haud duplo brevior cauli parallelus et 
paulo dissitus, dimidio supero alte uncinato-galeatus, infero zquilatus 
planus basi rotundata lobi marginem vix superans, vix unquam 
(nisi ad ramos feemineos) evolutus; cellule parvule zquilatere, 
pariete incrassato, inferiores paulo majores pellucidioresque. 

Foliola conferta arcte imbricata, foliis paulo minora, cordato-orbiculata- 
reniformiaye brevissime (ad 5; alt. solum) marginata, sinu lato 
dentibusque subacutis, rarissime integra, caviuscula, auriculis baseos 
majusculis subrotundis reflexis raro conniventibus. 

Flores monoici ; 2 in ramo brevi, raro subelongato, terminales. Bracteze 
pa (5-9-) jugee ramum totum tenentes ; ; intime foliis dimidio 

ongiores, in excipulum 4-gono-obpyramidatum, antice lobis prelate 

imbricatis (nec connatis) ‘clausum, alte coalite ; lobis obovatis ex 
rotundo subapiculatis ; lobulis (seepe bifidis) bracteoleque segmentis 
triangularibus subacuminatis, margine apiceque late recurvis, inte- 
gerrimis raro sublaciniatis. Bracteee exteriores sensim minores, 
minus alte connate, lobulo autem semper evoluto. 

Perianthia emersa anguste oblonga sat compressa alte 4-carinata ex rotun- 
dato apice rostellata, facie antica lata convexa apicem versus spe 
1-2-carinulata. Calyptra duplo minor late pyriformis infra medium 
6 cell. crassa, superne sensim attenuata. 

Amenta ¢ axillaria folium paulo excedentia ovato-conica; bracteee 8-10- 
juge arcte equitantes subequilobe 2-andre ; antheridia globosa in 
stipite eequilongo cellulis uniseriatis conflato, 


12. FRULLANIA TENERA, Spruce, 


Hab. In Andium radicibus Peruvianorum, precipue secus fl. Huallaga 
ripas, locis Yurimaguas, Chapaja, Tarapoto, &e.; etiam ad fluvii 
Negro ostia (flum. Amazonum confluentis) et ad cataractam Maypures 
flum. Orinoco ; semper corticola, arbores domesticas diligens. 


F (sine lobulo) 1 ao 1-4, *85 x ‘65, lobulus 1:0 x °6, 6 x 35, ¢ Ay; f'* 9x ‘98 
‘55 x°5 5 br excipulum 14 alt, 18 ore latum ; 3 per 2°0-2°5 x 8mm, 


24 FRULLANIA. [cHONANTHELIA 


Tenella seepe pallida pellucidaque vel flavida, rarius e viridi olivacea 
rufulave, strato tenui effusa. Caules 1-38-pollicares pinnatim 
decompositi, ramis pro m. breviusculis. 

Folia plus minus imbricata—raro ad 4 lat usque—subplana apice 
decurvula, late oblique semicordato- oblonga rotundata, caulina fere 
orbiculata ; lobulus=lobi 3, apice uncinato- cucullatus vel anguste 
galeatus (probosciformis) deorsum in laminam latiorem acinaciformi- 
oblongam, margine interno (i.e. plica) cauli parallelo concavo vel 
fere recto, externo rotundato, sinuato-repandam, basi ampliata 
rotundata lobi marginem sat longe transeuntem protractus, vix 
unquam (nisi ad ramos floriferos) evolutus ; cellulee parvee, inferiores 
submajores, subeequilateree subpellucidee. 

Foliola subcontigua dimidium folium  excedentia planiuscula late 
orbiculati. ad vel ultra 3 bifida, sinu lato subobtuso, segmentis 
patulis subacutis raro subapiculatis, seepe inaequilongis, sinuato- 
repanda, basi breviter cordata. 

aes monoici; @ in ramo previ, raro longiore, terminales, _Bractese 

3- (4-) jugee, intimee foliis caulinis subsequales, in excipulum late 
obpyramidatum, ore patulum, alte (ad }#) connatze, lobis late ovato- 
triangularibus perabrupte subacutis, lobulis subminoribus acutis, 
externe spina auctis, subrecurvo-canaliculatis ; bracteola oblonga 
apice breviter bifida, segmentis acutis margine recurvis. Bracteze 
exteriores subminores, minus alte connate, forma simili ; bracteole 
anguste oblongie, apice erecte bidentule. 

Perianthia alte emersa anguste oblonga, ovatove-oblonga, rotundato- 
truncata brevirostria alte 4- carinata, facie antica 2-(raro 3-4-) 
earinulata. Calyptra perianthio plus duplo brevior globoso-pyri- 
formis, basi tubulari 6 cell., infra medium 3-4 cell. crassa, superne 
sensim attenuata, demum ab apice profunde bivalvis. 

Amenta ¢ ad caulem et ramos axillaria, seepe a fl. 9 haud remota, 
folio subbreviora oblongo-globosa ; bracteze 3-5-juge mediocres 
subsequilobee. 


Ad Tarapoto advenit forma condensata, foliis confertis subminoribus. 
Ad Chapaja altera forma flayida laxifolia, scepe fere plumeformi-pinnata, 
foliis iis ’r. Riojanetirensis vix minoribus, bene distincta autem lobulo 
inferne valde dilatato apice angustius cucullato-uncinato ; praecipueque 
foliolis minoribus multo magis distincte bifidis. Planta Maypurensis est 
sordide viridis, bracteasque fl. 9 habet seepe plurijugas, vel saltem folia 
omnia ad ramos foemineos lobulis evolutis instructa. 

Ab hae specie certe distat I’r. arietina, 'Tayl., florescentia paroica (i.e. 
floribus ¢ hypogynis) ; foliis subminoribus ‘angustioribusque, lobulo 
minore, appendivalo: angustiore quam galea (latiore in Fr, tenera) ; 
foliolis breviter (ad 3-4 alt. solum—nee ultra 1) bifidis ; bracteis fere 
constanter serratis,—F'r. Riojaneirensis, Raddi, perfecte diversa est statura 
submajore, preesertim foliolis magnis breviter em: einatis move omnino 
integnis. Descriptio tamen hujusce speciei in “ Synopsi Hepat.” pro- 
babiliter ex P. ad Fr. tenerwm spectat, saltem quoad “ amphigastri a foliis 
duplo minora,” qualiain I’r, Riojaneirensi vera nunquam vidi. Specimina 
a cl. G. A. Lindberg in Brasilia australiore lecta, a Gottscheo ipso ad 
Vr. Riojaneirensem relata, cum meis sub eodem nomine supradeseriptis ad 
amussim congruunt. 


CHONANTHELIA | FRULLANIA. 25 


13. FRULLANIA LEPTOMITRA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad pedem Andium Quitensium, secus fl. Bombonasa, in arboribus 
super Fr. replicatam parasitans. 

# 9% G5, lob evol “6x35, c J 5~f* 5x5, -55%°45 5. br 16; per 
Oe Ose aol x 10mm: 

Pusilla viridis, dein fuscidula, flaccida. Caules 2-pollicares prostrati 
vage ramosi, ramis 9 assurgentibus. - 

Folia subimbricata late patula subplana oblonga vel ovato-oblonga, basi 
antica subcordata caulem parum transeuntia, inferiora rotundata 
obtusatave repanda integerrima, superiora sxepe apiculata acuminu- 
latave apiceque serrata; lobulus sat magnus erectus svepissime 
evolutus ovatus acutus, raro apice alte uncinato-galeatus-cucullatusve, 
dimidio infero zequilatus (vel parum latior) late acinaciformis sub- 
planus lobum late transiens ; cellule subparve, annulo opaco intus 
cinctz, pariete subincrassato. : 

Foliola vix duplo  breviora orbiculata, superiora cuneato-ovalia, 
subplana, apice ad 41~-} obtuse bidentata, dentibus acutis spe 
conniventibus. 

Flores monoici: ? in caule ramisque terminales. Bracteze plurijugze 
laxze decurvo-subsecunde, intimee foliis fere duplo longiores patulee, 
lobis anticis ovatis acuminatis serratis vel subspinosis, lobulis paulo 
angustioribus revoluto-canaliculatis, ineequaliter bifidis vel saltem 
spina externa auctis, segmentisque bracteole bifidse utrinque 
breviuscule connate paucispinosis.—Bractez exteriores 5—6-jugee) 
sensim subminores, lobis lobulisque acuminatis serratis ; bracteolis 
subliberis cuneato-ligulatis, apice bifidulis serratisque. In aliis 
stirpibus videmus folia plurima infrafloralia subapiculata apiceque 
subserrata, lobulo evoluto acuminato instructa, in bracteas sensim 
vergentia. 

Perianthia emersa ovato-linearia—interdum preelonga,fere ovato-subulata, 
—ex apice rotundato retusove brevirostria, subcompressa, alte obtuse 
plicato-pentagona, subinde, carinula una alterave utrique faciei 
adjecta, 7-10-carinata. Calyptra duplo brevior, pyriformis, tenuis, 
basin versus 2 cell. superne 1 cell. solum, crassa, demum bifide 
rupta. 

Amenta ¢ cauligena, folio axillari sepius breviora, compresso-globosa- 
oblongave, bracteis 3-5-jugis. 


Planta pulchella, forsan pro var. Fr. tenere insigni habenda, differt 
autem foliis longioribus plerisque apice acuminulato serratis, lobulo - 
seepissime evoluto (in Fr. tenera fere constanter apice galeato) ; foliolis 
brevius bidentatis, superioribus subcuneatis ; bracteis minus alte connatis 
subspinoso-serratis ; preecipueque calyptra basin versus solum 2 (nec 6) 
cellulas crassa. 


14. FRULLANIA ARIETINA, Tay]. Mst, 
G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 413. 


Hab. Per sylvam Amazonicam et Andes inferiores (vix supra 500™ 
ascendens) haud infrequens, ad arbores cultas nusquam ab habita- 
tionibus remotas : San Carlos del Rio Negro, ad Crescentiam Cujete 5 
Tarapoto, ad Erythroxylon Coca; &c. 

TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. D 


a « 
26 FRULLANIA. [cCHONANTHELIA 


F 1-0x°8, 9x °8, 8x °62, lob 6x °3, ‘5x ‘25, ¢ A; fl 6x°75, 5x5, 
4x5; br 1°75—1°5 5; per 2°5 x 1:0, 2°0 x -8™™, 

Pusilla, magnitudine F’r. dilatate, virescens olivaceave, prostrata. Caules 
pollicares vel longiores, vage vel subpinnatim ramosi, implexi. 

Folia subimbricata, oblongo-vel ovato-rotunda, planiuseula, apice decur- 
vulo rotundata, basi subsemicordata ; lobulus majusculus cauli sub- 
parallelus et parum dissitus, dimidio supero alte galeatus (e vertice 
arcuato tubuloso-inflato decurvo proboscem, vel arietis cornu, simu- 
lans), infero angustior in laminam subrhombeam lobi margine sub- 
conterminam protractus haud raro perfecte evolutus subplanus ovato- 
triangularis obtusus acutusve; cellule parve pellucide, pariete 
incrassato, basales perpaulo majores. , 

Foliola subdissita foliis vix duplo breviora orbiculata, breviter (ad 4-4) 
emarginato-bifida, sinu subobtuso, dentibus acutis, margine plano, 
basi amplexante parum cordata. 

Flores monoici (paroici): @Q in ramo brevi longioreve terminales. 
Bracteze 2-3-jugee, intime foliis sat longiores in excipulum obpyra- 
midatum ore recurvo-patulum coalits, subinzequilobie, lobis anticis 
ovatis apiculatis serratis, raro integerrimis, lobulis (interdum bifidis) 
necnon segmentis bracteole breviter bifidee acuminulatis parce 
dentatis incisisve, vel fere integerrimis. Bracteze exteriores sensim 
breviores breviusque connate. 

Perianthia subemersa oblonga compressula 4-quetra, facie antica latiore 
obtuse 2-3-carinulata, raro faciebus lateralibus etiam posticaque 
carinulatis, rostello brevi ore subampliato. Calyptra pyriformis, 
basi 6 cell., medium versus 4 cell., apice 1 cell. crassa. 

Andrecia hypogyna—raro in ramuli 9 longioris basi ipsa posita ; 
bracteze’ ¢ 2-3-jugee foliis consecutivee, paulo breviores, aequilobe, 
diandree. Rami mere masculi rarissime adveniunt. 

Var. pluricarinata.—Laxifolia ; fol. lobulis plerisque evolutis ; foliolis 
interdum paulo magis profunde fissis; bracteis spinulosis; perianthiis 
7-10-carinatis-plicatisve-—Hab. ad San Carlos tl. Negro. 

Obs. In omnibus formis perianthii sectio trapezoideo-quadrangula 
semper invenitur, carinulis intercalatis multo minus elevatis quam 
quatuor carine primaric. 


Taylor would probably have included under his “ arietina,” not only 


the species above-described, but also Fr. tenera and gibbosa. I have speci- 
mens, gathered in Demerara by Dr Campbell, and named “ Fr. arietina” 
by Taylor himself, which are truly the normal form of Lr. gibbosa. 


15. FRULLANIA LAXIFLORA, Spruce. 


Hab, Andes Quitenses, in cordillera occidentali ad arbores pomiferas, 
loco Guatazi, alt. 2200"; in cordillera orientali juxta cataractam 
Agoyan supra saxa, alt. 1600™; ex Andibus Novo-Granatensibus, a 
cl. Ros. Cross lectam, varietatem pulchram habeo. 

F'1:1x9, lob 5-6, ¢ A5—py ; f* '7 x65 Or 15; per 15x 10=™ 

Humilis, strato tenui repens, atro-sanguinea, rufo-badia vel virescens, 
tenera. Caules 1}-8-pollicares pinnati, ramis laxis brevibus inter- 
dum pinnulatis. —. 

Folia dissita vel subimbricata convexa late cordato-ovata, basi antica 


CHONANTHELIA | FRULLANIA. 27 


caulem longe excedentia, apice subangustato obtusa rarius rotundata ; 
lobulus duplo brevior cauli contiguus et subparallelus, dimidio 
supero alte galeatus, infero lamina oblonga canaliculata lobum haud 
superante constans ; cellule subparvee eequilaterze, pariete incrassato, 
inferiores paulo majores. 

Foliola dissita foliis haud duplo breviora ovato-orbiculata ad } emarginato- 
bifida, sinu obtuso, dentibus subacutis, basi e margine recurvo 
angustata, raro subcordata. 

Flores monoici: ? in ramo brevi, raro longiore terminales. Bractee 
bijugee, laxee, longius inter se dissitz quam folia caulina, recte 
patule. vel decurvee, profunde hilobie, lobo ovato sensim: acuminato 
repandulo, lobulo fere longiore porrecto ovato-lanceolato acuminato 
valde canaliculato, basin posticam versus 1-laciniate ; bracteola basi 
sola connata anguste oblonga apice bifida laciniis subulato-acuminatis, 
integerrima rarius subincisa, 

Perianthia vix emersa ovali-vel obovato-fusiformia alte tetraquetra ros- 
tellata, facie antica sepe sulcata, demum 4-fida, valvulis lanceolatis 
cuspidatis. Calyptra pyriformis tenuis, solum basi tubulari 2 cell. 
crassa, demum bivalvatim rupta. Capsula in pedicello brevi arcu- 
ante, e perianthio lateraliter emergens, globosa 4-loba. Elateres 
validi rubri unispiri. Spore majuscule. 

Andreecia axillaria compresso-globosa oligophylla. 

Var. Crossii. Submajor pallide viridis tenerrima. Foliola submajora, 
basi distincte cordata margineque recurva, dentibus apicis sepe 
apiculatis. Hab. juxta Popayau. 


Fr. tetraptera Mont. (Syn. Hep. 429) nostree subsimilis, differt preecipue 
lobulis basi truncatis. 


16. FRULLANIA SEMICONNATA, Lindng. et G. 


Syn. Hep. p. 776. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad arbores preecipue pomiferas, alt. 1500-3400™ ; 
prope Quito, alt. 3000™, in hortis, ad truncos ramulosque Amygdala 
Persice, Pyri Cydonia, preecipue vero Pyri Mali, haud infrequens. 

Peel 2 x 1:0, lob -b, ¢ fyi J 6X 6, 715 X75, Or 18; per 
30 x 1:37", 

Humilis subcespitosa e viridi badia. Caules 2-3-pollicares tenues vage 
subpinnatim bis ramosi, inferne denudati. 

Folia imbricata valde oblique rotundo-oblonga, basi antica profunde 
semicordata caulemque late transeuntia, e margine toto incurvulo 
concava ; lobulus plus duplo brevior saccatus late obovato-semiglo- 
bosus, ore truncato ; cellule parvee equilaterze, subbasales medize 
multo majores, flavide, pariete ad angulos lateraque incrassato. 

Foliola foliis dimidio breviora contigua obovato-orbiculata, margine 
basali recurvo, apice brevi-emarginata, sinu dentibusque acutis. 

Flores monoici: 2 terminales. Bracteze 2—3-jugee majuscule, intime 
in excipulum alte connate, lobis anticis patulo-recurvis obtusis 
apiculatisve, lobulis ovatis acuminatis segmentisque bracteole breviter 
bifidee angustioribus basin versus seepe lacinula una alterave auctis. 

Pgrianthia magna, foliis caulinis fere 3plo longiora a basi subangustiore 
rectangulari-oblonga tetraquetra subcompressa, rotundato-truncata, 
rostellata, facie antica latiore unisulea. , 


28 FRULLANIA. | [cHONANTHELIA 


Andreecia lateralia, folium caulinum superantia ; bractez sub 5-juge. 

Var. suborbieulata 8., foliis foliolisque fere orbiculatis, bractearum lobis 
interdum tenui-apiculatis. Hab. infra Banos, in fruticum hortensium 
ramulis; in M. Altar, ad Buddleje truncos—Forma in Andibus 
Quit. a Jameson lecta folia habet submajora basi distincte sub- 
cordata ; alia perianthia inordinate elongata, in sicco fere subulata. 
—Forme a typo paulo divergentes in Mexico quoque a cl. Liebmann 
lectee fuerunt (V. Gottsch. Mex. Leverm.). 


Obs. Caulis teres, extus rufo-fuscus opacus, intus pallidus, cellulis 
pluristratis subequalibus conflatus. Cellule folii subapicales, necnon 
auricule anticze, lobuli et folioli, iis medii folii duplo saltem minores. 
Cellule paucee lobi mediam basin versus magne, flavidee, ocellum irregu- 
larem sistunt. * 


17. FRULLANIA SUBALPINA, Spruce. 


Hab. M. Pichincha, supra pagum Nono, alt. 3350™, in rupibus humidis 
supra alias hepaticas repens. 

H 75% *7,.l0b “3, 6 ay 3 [4X 3s br 133 per 8 x 102s 

Pusilla olivacea. Caules vix semipollicares arcte repentes vage subra- 
mosi rarius brevibus paucifoliis. 

Folia infima parva, superiora increscentia, subimbricata caviuscula late 
ovata, rotundata, basi antica dilatata caulem late transeuntia (neque 
semper semicordata) ; lobulus plus duplo brevior cauli subcontiguus 
galeatus subsemiglobosus, ore truncato; cellule parve squilaterze 
subconformes. 

Foliola duplo breviora dissita, basi retlexa apice incurva, obovato-cuneata 
emarginata, sinu triangulari foliolo 6plo breviore, medio tergo 
radicellifera. : ' 

Flores monoici: 92 terminales. Bracteze 3-juge, intime foliis fere 
duplo longiores recurve fere liber, ad medium usque bilobz, lobo 
obovato rotundato, lobulo perpaulo minore rhombeo subacuto ; 
bracteola oblonga—sepe subpanduriformis—emarginata, hinec cum 
bractea basi connata, hine libera. 

Perianthia bracteas superantia, pyriformia vel obovato-oblonga, retusa 
vel obcordato rostellata, compressula tetraquetra, carinulis utrique 
faciei superadditis 10-carinata-plicatave, carinis undulatis leevibus, 

Andreecia folium caulinum excedentia, bracteis sub 5-jugis. 


Fr, pluricarinata, Gottsch. Hep. Nov. Gran. 74, nostra certe per- 
affinis, differt sec. auctoris descriptionem foliis suborbiculatis ; foliolis 
contiguis ad } (nec ad } solum) bifidis; involucro inter lobulos 
et bracteolam utrinque lacinula aucto, cum bracteola alte connato. 

Fr. arietina, Tayl., cui etiam subinde adveniunt perianthia pluri- 
carinata, differt lobulis apice solo galeatis, basi in appendiculam gale 
eequilongam productis ; foliolis orbiculatis ; bracteis cum bracteola 
utrinque alte connatis, ete. 

Ir. semiconnata, L. et G., omnium affinissima, certe distare videtur 
statura elatiore ; foliis majoribus oblongo-rotundis nee ovatis ; foliolis 
fere orbiculatis, precipue autem bracteis in excipulum alte connatis, 
cuspidatis ; et perianthiis prelongis tetraquetro-prismaticis, carinis inter- 
calatis nullis. 


CHONANTHELIA | FRULLANIA. 29 


Obs. The perianths of Fr. subalpina are tetraquetrous, trapezoidal on 
the section, the antical face (which is much the broadest) being tripli- 
cate, and the other three faces traversed by a single medial fold, making 
the entire number of folds, or keels, ten, as in Fr. Arece and hians. Fr. 
arvetina, which has very rarely similar supplementary folds, differs 
essentially in the appendiculate leaf-lobule ; in other words the lobule 
is galeato-saccate in its upper half, while the lower half is a flat lamina, 
appended (as it were) to the sac. But in Fr. subalpina the lobule is 
sunply a galeate sac, with a truncate mouth, and no explanate 
appendage. 


18. FRULLANIA STENOSTIPA, Spruce, 


Hab. Pichincha, ad cortices, alt. 3000™. 

F ‘8x ‘65, lob 35, ¢ 74; f 6x °3, 55x °25; br 15; br’ 1.2; per 20x 
*Q5m™m™, 

Pusilla (pollicaris) viridis subinde rufescens, Fr. semiconnate aftinis, differt 
an specifice ? caracteribus sequentibus :— 

Folia minora subimbricata planiuscula, oblique cordato-oblonga-ovatave; 
lobulo lobo plus duplo breviore cucullato erostri, inferne in laminam 
brevem deorsum sensim angustatam protracto—raro galeato et fere 
eequaliter truncato. 

Foliola paulo breviora, plus duplo angustiora, ligulato-oblonga vel 
anguste cuneato-obvata—e medio margine utrinque valide recurvo 
ad speciem panduriformia, repanda, apice ad 4-1 alt. subacute bifida, 
segmentis acutis. 

Flores 2 dioici (?): Bractese 3-4-juge , intime (saltem) in excipulum 
obpyramidatum, alte connatz foliis subduplo longiores, fere 
equaliter bilobe, lobis oblongis acute acuminulatis repandis, antico 
recurvo, postico (lobulo) suberecto margine plus minus incurvo, 
basin internam versus-laciniato ; bracteola brevior ovato-lanceolata 
breviter bifida. 

Perianthia pyriformi-oblonga rostellata 4—5-carinata. 


Obs. Pauca exemplaria inveni, omnia mere fceminea, nulla monoica.— 
Fr. semiconnata tlores habet monoicos; foliorum lobulum galeato-saccatum 
ore truncatum ; foliola majora, tam lata quam longa, ‘suborbiculata ; 
perianthia fere rectilineari-oblonga tetraquetra. 


19. FRULLANIA FLAMMEA, Tayl. 
Tayl. Mst. in hb, Jameson. 

Hab. In Andibus Quitensibus prope Cuenca, ubi ad arbores legit JAMEson. 

F 85 x°75, lob °35 x °35, ¢ ay ; fi -40 x ‘35, br 1:0™, 

Pusilla, facie Fr. fragilifolie, atrosanguinea. Caules }-1-pollicares teneri 
implexi irregulariter pinnati. 

Folia imbricata dissitave late oblique cordato-ovato-triangularia obtusata 
obtusa vel raro subacuta ; lobulus plus duplo brevior, basi cauli 
contiguus, oblique ascendens, galeatus, oblongo-hemispheericus trun- 
catus—subinde apice solo cucullatus,4basi ad speciem in lamellam 
productus; cellule parvule, pariete incrassato, opacze, basales majores 
pellucide. 


30 FRULLANIA. -  [CHONANTHELIA 


Folia parva late ovali-cuneata breviter acute bifida, dorso gibbo radicel- 
larum penicillum gerentia, margine plano angulato, 

Flores dioici : 9 terminales digyni. Bracteze 1-2-juge foliis submajores 
suberectee ad 4 alt, bilobe, complicate, lobis acutis obtusisve 
canaliculatis, postico paulo minore, subrecurvo ; bracteola angusta 
(imperfecta solum visa). 

Amenta ¢ folio axillari breviora vel sublongiora ; bracteze 3-5-juge. 


Fr. Cuencensis Tayl., Lond. Journ. Bot. 1846, p. 406, in eadem vicinia 
lecta, differre certe videtur foliis foliolisque majoribus rotundioribus, 
margine recurvis. 

Obs. Fr. flammea, cum duabus sequentibus (Fr. decidua et Fr. Orino- 
censis) melius forsan inter Trachycoleas militaverint. 


20. FRULLANIA DECIDUA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in valle ke ad saxa. 
F 8x °7,°8x°6, lob 3-25 x ‘2, ¢ A, ; f'* 33x -3™™. 


Prostrata substratificata, ex atro rubella. | Caules 2-3-pollicares sub- 
simplices teneri pallidi inter se paralleli, seepe e foliis caducis fere 
denudati. 


Folia subimbricata vel dissita oblique patula late cordato-ovata 
asymmetrica, apice decurvo rotundata; lobulus subtriplo brevior, 
subobliquus, oblongus—interdum brevi-cylindraceus—galeatus basi 
tumcatus, vel perseepe solum apice cucullatus; cellule parvee rotund, 
omnes fere equimagne, paucee basin versus sensim submajores. 

Foliola dissita foliis plus duplo minora ovali-rotunda acute MASE 
dentibus acutis. 

Flores haud visi. 


Fr. flammea Tayl., colore similis, differt caule multo breviore, magis 
ramosa ; foliis solum obtusis, lobulo duplo fere latiore.—Fr. Cuencensis 
Tayl., foliolis majoribus et foliorum cellulis minutis densis in peripheria, 
magnis in centro, diversa est. 


21. FRULLANIA ORINOCENSIS, Spruce. 

Hub. Maypures fluminis Orinoco, in cortice. 

F 1:1.x ‘85, lob 3, e gy; fi °35x%°25; br 1°23 br'* “75x 253 per ox 
]:Omm , 

Prostrata rufo-sanguinea laxe intricata. Caules pollicares, validi, laxe 
subramosi. 

Folia subimbricata semicordato-ovata rotundata obtusatave ; lobulus sub 
dplo brevior seepissime evolutus ovato-subulatus lingulatusve, raro 
cucullatus, basi -cauli contiguus, superne angulo 30°—40° divergens ; 
cellule: parvee eequilatere subconformes subopacee. 

Foliola dissita foliis plus quam triplo breviora, latitudine caulem haud 
transeuntia, cuneato-oblonga, ad 4 bifida, segmentis lanceolatis 
sinuque acutis, fere planissima. 

Flores monoici: 9 terminales. Bracteze sub 4-jugee, decurvo-secunda, 
intime foliis sublongiores oblique ovato-oblongze obtuse, lobulo 
ejusdem longitudinis licet angustiore subacuminato acuto, integer- 
rim, basi autem (inter bracteam et bracteolam) lacinula dentiformi 


CHONANTHELIA | FRULLANIA. St 


auctz; bracteola hine cum bractea breviter connata, brevior, angusta, 
ligulata, vix ad medium acute bifida, segmentis erectis acutis.— 
Ramuli (sive innovationes) axillares alterni e quoque bractearum 
pari, intimo excepto, proferuntur. 

Perianthia subemersa oblongo-globosa inflata, parum compressa, antice 
subconvexa, postice bicarinata, carinis subrugulosis. 

Andrecia ramulo folium proximum vix superante constantia oblongo- 
globosa ; bracteze 4—5-jugee. 


Obs, Inter Fr. trinervis L. et L. varietates forsan jam antea enumerata, a 
typo tamen certe specitice differt. ; 

Fr. tetraptera Mont. Ann. Sc. Nat. 1838, nostre sat similis, differt foliis 
solum obtusis ; foliolis majoribus suborbiculatis, et bracteis dentatis. 

Fr. laxiflora §., habitu coloreque subsimilis, lobulum habet duplo 
majorem apice galeatum basi longe appendiculatum ; foliola duplo majora 
ad } solum bifida. 

Fr. inflata Gotts. Syn. Hep. 424, affinis videtur, differt autem lobulo 
majusculo a caule distante. (Amer. bor. habitat.) 

Fr. spicata L. et L. (e Brasilia) folia habet orbiculata ; foliola obuvata 

-apice solo bifida. 


Suscrenus Il.—TRACHYCOLEA, S. 


Plante humiles prostrate arcte repentes, plerumque in orbem radiatim 
dispositz, rarissime substratificatee, vage pinnatim ramose, viridiores 
quam cztere Frullaniz, deinde luride rufescentes ; perianthia seepe 
albicantia raro apice purpurascentia. 

Folia fragilia, seepe squarroso-recurva, oblique cordato-ovata rotundata ; 
lobulus plerumque parvus, alte galeatus, ore truncato, interdum 
explanatus, basi cauli contiguus, rectus v. subobliquus; cellule 
parvee subopacze, inferiores majores. 

Foliola dimidium folium fere semper excedentia, subrotunda cuneatave, 
breviter bifida, rarissime integra, subinde utrinque angulato-1-2- 
denticulata. 

Flores dioici: Q terminales. Bracteze paucijuge, intime foliis sub- 
eequilongee, lobulis bracteolisque pro more laciniatis. 

Perianthia emrersa seepe subobovata compressa tricarinata, interdum antice 
(rarius etiam postice) 1—4-carinulata, facie fere tota tuberculis, villis 
vel squamulis plerumque conspersa, rarissime subnuda. 

Andrecia primum globosa, serius plerumque elongata et subcylindrica ; 
bractez plurijuge diandre. 


Hab, Ad arborum truncos et ramulos seepeque ad saxa, locis montium 
inferiorum planitieique subsylvaticis, vix unquam‘in subalpinis. 


Distr. Species haud numerosze, nullo climate omnino exules. Una 
(Fr. dilatata) per zonam temperatam borealem vulgata, in Europa fere 
sola sui subgeneris est, altera specie, F’r. Jackii Gotts., foliolis integris 
insigni, rarissima; in America boreali autem alize pauce species in- 
veniuntur. In hemisphera australi temperata et frigida aliz species, 
omnes propriz, adveniunt ; ali plures terris tropicis proprie sunt, 
earumque una, F’r. squarrosa Nees, in America, Asia et Africa, tropica 
et subtropica, late distributa est. In America eequatoriali ipse solum 


ae FRULLANIA. [TRACHYCOLEA 


4 species, nullam vulgatam, inveni. /’r. squarrosa per sylvam Amazoni- 
cam et Andes inferiores dispersa est, nusquam ab habitationibus remota, 
seepeque Fr. gibbosa et arietina consociata, Czeteree 3 omnes zonam 
Andium sylvaticam inter 1200 et 2000™ alt. incolunt. Alize species in 
Mexico, Antillis, Brasilia, ete. habitant ; in Asia tropica et Africa tamen 
rariores videntur. 


In this subgenus, as in all the following ones, the perianth is typically 
trigonous, having two lateral and only one postical keel ; although in 
Trachycolea supplementary ridges (carinule) are sometimes added on at 
front and back ; it is moreover beset with tubercles, or papille, or leafy 
scales, which rarely become obsolete. In the tropical species it is nearly 
always whitish-green, rarely passing to dull purple at the apex, while the 
foliage is green, and not rufous, as in most other Frullanie. Our own 
Fr. dilatata is the type of the group, but is nearly always tinged with 
brown on both foliage and perianth. The species grow either in orbicular 
patches on stones and trees, or trail over other hepatic. Fr. squarrosa 
(like Fr. dilatata) is truly a weed, following the operations of men, and 
growing along with F’r. arietina and gibbosa throughout the Amazon 
plain and lower hills, only near habitations, where it is not uncommon 
on old calabash trees, but is seldom fertile. Of the other 3 species 
gathered by me in South America, two belong to the middle wooded 
region of the Andes and ascend to 1800™; the third to the plain, at the 
cataracts of the Orinoco. They are all very local, yet have a somewhat 
“trivial” custom, being never found in the depths of the forest but 
preferring deserted clearings and such like places. In this respect they 
agree with Chonanthelia, one species of which, Fr. Orinocensis, also 
approaches them in character, but differs essentially in the 4-(not 3-) 
angled perianth. 

Fr. squarrosa is not only tropical American but is found also in South 
Africa, in continental India and the Malay Islands, and in Australia. 
Fr. ericoides Nees, which is scarcely distinct from the preceding, is also 
common to the three continents, and has been found in some of the 
Oceanic Islands. A few other species are described from the southern 
hemisphere, some from as far south as New Zealand and Cape Horn. In 
Europe, besides Fr. dilatata, we have.one, or perhaps two, species. North 
America, with Fr. dilatata, has F’r. eolotis, Pr. Virginica, and two or three 
others. 

All the species of Trachycolea part rapidly with their colouring 
matter when moistened, and tinge water yellowish-green. 


22. Fr. squarrosa.—F. fragilissima recurvo-squarrosa cordato-ovata rotun- 
data, lobulo majusculo galeato. Foliola vix minora oblato-orbiculata 
angulata ad ' bifida, segmentis apiculatis. Br. lobulis laciniatis ; 
bracteola subdentata. Per. oblongo-obovata retusa, supra medium 
plus minus papillosa. 

23. Fr. squamuligera.—F. vix fragilia squarrosa late semicordato-ovata 
rotundata, lobulo minuto galeato. Foliola haud duplo breviora 
oblato-orbiculata brevi-emarginata, dentibus subacutis. Br. lobulis 
bracteolaque laciniatis. Per. oblonga rotundata, facie fere tota 

_  squamulis foliaceis vestita. 

24, Fr. latiflora.—F. vix fragilia subsquarrosa, lobulo parvo obtuse conico, 
Foliola fere duplo breviora obovato-rotunda ad } bifida, segmentis 


TRACHYCOLEA | FRULLANIA. 33 


subacutis. Br. integerrime, nisi pro lacinula una alterave in sinu 
inter lobulos et bracteolam connatam, Per. fere orbiculata alte 
triquetra, carinis rndimentarie alatis scaberulis, ceeterum levissima. 

25. Fr. hirtiflora—Tenella. F. haud squarrosa, valde inzequilatera semi- 
cordata obovato-oblonga rotundata, lobulo triplo breviore eylindrico- 
galeato. Foliola fere duplo minora cuneata utrinque 1-2-dentata, 
apice ad }-4 bifida, laciniis acutis. Br. lobulis basi externa, 
bracteolaque utraque basi, 1-laciniatis. Per. alte emersa obovata 
compresso-trigona, facie tam antica quam postica obtuse 4-plicata 
ubique papillis longis articulatis hirta. 


22. FRULLANIA SQUARROSA, Nees. 


Jungermania squarrosa N.in Noy. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. XI. ; Frullania 
squarrosa ejusd. Syn. Hep., 416. 


Hab. Per planitiem Amazonicam sparsa, semper juxta habitationes, ad 
arbores saxave ; etiam in Andibus occidentalibus, (Tarapoto Banos, 
etc.) ad 2000 metr. alt. ascendens. 

Hf “75.X +6, °7X°6, lob 4, 6 dy 3 f'* °6x°7; br 1:2; per 20x 1-2™™, 

Viridis, in plagas latas extensa ; caules implexi ope radicellarum arete 
repentes 1-2-pollicares pinnati, ramis brevyibus inequilongis, inter- 
dum subbipinnati. 

Folia fragilissima dense imbricata, margine supero recurvo-squarrosa, 
oblique cordato-ovata rotundata, lobulo majusculo cauli contiguo 
galeato, ore obliquo, interdum evoluto vel solum cucullato ; cellule 
parvee, medic subbasilares multo laxiores. 

Foliola foliis equimagna oblato-orbiculata planiuscula ad } acute bifida, 
segmentis apiculatis, basi angustissime subdecurrentia, margine 
sinuato-angulata, 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales. Bractez foliis majores complicato-bilobe, 
lobo integro, lobulo laciniato; bracteola oblonga bifida, lobis acu- 
minulatis repandis, angulato-dentatis vel incisis, utrinque supra 
basin 1-laciniata. 

Perianthia semiemersa oblongo-subobovata retusa rostellata, triquetra, 
carina postica prealta, facie antica unisulea (s. 2-carinulata), tota 
superficie, dimidio superiore, ad carinas precipue sparse tuberculosa 
vel brevi-papillosa. 


Ad San Carlos del Rio Negro advenit forma foliis fere orbiculatis, 
foliolis minoribus (=folii 2); eadem fere forma ad Bafios (montis 
Tunguragua). Cum F’r. squarrosa, a G. A. Lindberg in Brasilia australi 
lecta, bene convenit. 


23. FRULLANIA SQUAMULIGERA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in sepibus juxta cataractam Agoyan. 

F'1-25 x 11, lob -25, ¢ Ay; flt-7 x ‘8; br 18; per 3-0 x 1-2™™, 

Caules 2-pollicares prostrati debiles ineequaliter ramosi, subbipinnati. 

Folia inferiora fuscidula, superiora pallide viridia, vix fragilia, imbricata, 
squarrose patula, late semicordato-ovata, apice rotundata, auricula 
antica circinata caulem transeunte ; lobulus minutus, folio 5-plo 
TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN., VOL. XV. E 


3 FRULLANIA. [TRACHYCOLEA 


minor, suberectus cauli contiguus galeatus vel compresso-companu- 
latus ; cellule parvulee pallide opace, pariete sinuoso-incrassato, 
intus profunde stellate. 

Foliola contigua foliis haud duplo breviora oblato-orbiculata brevi- 
emarginata, sinu dentibusque acutis obtusisve, basi subangustata 
amplexantia. 

Flores dioici: Q in ramo seepe abbreviato terminales. Bracteze intime 
foliis diimdio longiores subpatule, lobo oblongo rotundato, lobulis 
bracteolaque angusta bifida connata laciniatis vel spinoso-serratis. 

Perianthia viridia semiemersa rectangulari-oblonga ex apice rotundato 
longirostria acute triquetra, antice obtuse 1-carinulata, facie tota 
(basi apiceque levibus exceptis), ad carinas preecipue squamulosa, 
squamulis pallidis foliaceis, subulatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, integris 
vel varie laciniatis. 


A F. laciniosa, Lehm.; ‘Syn. Hep. 415, insula Java oriunda, 
distincta lobulis parvis et perianthiis facie antica 1- (nec 3-) striatis. A 
F’. squarrosa Nees differt foliis dimidio majoribus vix obliquis, lobulis 
duplo minoribus ; foliolis pro ratione multo minoribus brevi-emarginatis 
(nec ad 4 usque bifidis) ; perlanthiisque dimidio longioribus squamosis 
(nec solum papillosis). 


24, FRULLANIA LATIFLORA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad cataractam Maypures fluminis Orinoco in cortice. 

F 8x °66, lob -2-25, ¢c Jy; fle 4x °4, 5x55; br 9; bre 9x85 
(explanata) ; per 16 x 15mm. 

Viridis prostrata subimplexa ; caules pollicares vage ramosi. 

Folia (parum fragilia) imbricata, plus minus squarroso-recurva, oblique 
cordato-ovata rotundata; lobulus fere 4plo brevior cauli sub- 
contiguus galeatus (obtuse conicus v. extinctoriiformis) ore hori- 
zontali ; cellule pallidee sed opacee parvulee subconformes. 

Foliola contigua foliis fere duplo breviora obovato-rotunda ad } obtuse 
bifida, segmentis subacutis, subplana undulatave, basi margine 
leniter reflexa unde subcuneata videantur, integerrima vl 
(superiora (augulato-denticulata. 

Fl. dioici: 2 terminales; bracteze intime foliis c. vix longiores carinate, 
bifidee, lobo antico paulo majore obtuso, lobulo ovato-lanceolato sub- 
acuminato ; bracteola utrinque altiuscule connata, (lacinula una 
alterave in sinu) carinata bifida, segmentis forma magnitudineque 
lobulorum, 

Perianthia foliis fere duplo longiora albida obovato-orbiculata triquetra 

_carinis dilatatis compressis rudimentarie alatis, ala eroso-denticulata, 
ceterum levissima nec papillosa; facie antica vel convexula vel 
l-carinulata, postica loco carinee unice validee adsunt raro carine 
3 minores. 


I’. squarrosa, Nees, huic peraffinis, differt lobulis subduplo majoribus ; 
ore obliquo; foliolis multo latioribus dentibus apiculatis, et perianthiis 
oblongis tuberculosis. 


TRACHYCOLEA | FRULLANIA. 55 


25, FRULLANIA HIRTIFLORA, Spruce. 


Hab. Banos, ad pedem montis Tunguragua, alt. 1800", in imis truncis et 
saxis. 

F ‘9x °6, lob 3-35, ¢ Js; f 5x °3; br 1:25; per 2°5 x 1:25™™, 

Tenella pallide viridis. Caules pollicares prostrati implexi vage vel 
subpinnatim bis terve divisi. 

Folia tenera subimbricata convexa obovato-oblonga rotundata, valde 
inequilatera, basi antica semicordata caulem late transeuntia ; 
lobulus 3plo fere brevior cylindraceo-galeatus, basi cauli con- 
tiguus, subobliquus ; cellule parve pallidze opacule, omnes fere 
eequimagne. 

Foliola subdistantia foliis fere duplo breviora cuneata, ad 1-3 acute 
bifida, laciniis acutis, medio margine utrinque angulato-1—2-dentata, 
radicellis rubris stellato-patulis. 

Flores dioici: @ terminales. Bractez intime foliis majores, brevissime 
connate, lobo superne recurvo rotundato integerrimo, lobulo 
acuminato repando basi l-laciniato; bracteola bifida, segmentis 
acuminatis repandis v. subincisis, basi utrinque seepe 1-laciniata. 

Perianthia alta emersa obovata compresso-trigona ex apice retuso longe 
rostellata, facie tam antica quam postica obtuse 4-plicata-striatave, 
papillis longis (villisve) seepe hamatis ubique (ad liras preecipue) 
hirsuta, demum apice trifida. Villi 8-cellulas longi, cellulam 
unicam, vel basin versus 2- (rara 3-) cellulas lati. 


Fr. Lindbergiana, G.! Mex. Leverm. p. 240, in adnot.,a cl. G. A. 
Lindberg in Brasilia australi lecta, differt foliis foliolisque latioribus sub- 
orbiculatis, lobulo multo majore (=+-% folii, nec solum 4 ac in nostra) ; 
inv olucris serrulatis spinulosisve ; et perianthio ovali-triquetro esulcato, 
quamvis tam hirto quam Fr. hirtiflore.—F. tuberculata L. et L. cum 
nostra foliolis parvis cuneatis angulato-dentatis fere congruit, distincta 
tamen foliis parum inzequilateris, oblongis nec obovatis, cellulis basalibus 
magnis in orbem dispositis, et perianthiis esulcatis minus papillosis. 


Suscenvus II].—HOMOTROPANTAA, S. 


Plante robustz speciose tripinnatz stratificatie. 

Folia conferta patulo-decurva, siccando devoluta, cordato-suborbiculata, 
lobulo minuto concheformi, cucullato vel szpius clavato-saccato, 
cauli contiguo, in plurimis reflexo ; cellule mediocres intus 6- 
sinuatee. 

Foliola conferta foliis vix minora orbiculata yel subreniformia emargi- 
nata, raro integra, 

Flores monoici creberrimi, ad ramos ramulosque laterales, fceminei 
assurgenti-secundi. Bracteze 9 5-jugz, intimze foliis sat’ majores, 
lobis latis acutis subintegerrimis, lobulis bracteoleeque libere seg- 
mentis acuminatis plerumque laciniatis, 


36 FRULLANIA. [ HOMOTROPANTHA 


Perianthia breviuscula ovali-trigona, utroque fine angustiora, apice vix 
rostellata. Calyptra inferne 2c. crassa. 
Andrecia folio axillari sublongiora ; bracteze dense plurijugze. 


Hab. Ad arborum et fruticum ramules in terris calidis. 

Distr. Species perpaucee cognitee, neque adhuc inter se bene definite, 
regiones equatoriales, orientales praecipue, habitant; earum una (in 
ditione Amazonica unica) per terras intertropicales totas dispersa, . 
habitationum viciniam pro more diligit. 


Obs. The few species composing this group have a peculiar habit, 
from the robust tripinnate stems and numerous lateral secund perianths 
The large leaves and stipules are not unlike those of the Chonanthelve ; 
but the minute leaf-lobules—usually reflexed and appressed to the stem 
—are widely different. In the trigonous perianths it agrees with 
Trachycolea, Meteortopsis and Thyopsiella, from all of which it is 
separated by the monoicous inflorescence and by other characters. ’r. 
replicata, Nees in Mart. Fl. Bras. (published afterwards in ‘Syn. Hep.’ 
as Fr. Thuillertia Mst. specific name of Schwaegrichen’s) is found all 
round the world, in countries on and near the equator; and like F’. 
squarrosa, gibba, and a few others, probably owes its wide distribution 
partly to the involuntary agency of man, from its almost invariably 
clinging to the twigs of the domesticated shrubs (such as Crescentia 
Cujete) which accompany him in his migrations. Specimens from 
Ceylon, Sumatra, ete., quite correspond to my S. American ones ; nor 


can I safely distinguish them from Javan specimens of Fr. nodulosa, 
Nees. 


26. FRULLANIA REPLICATA, Nees. 


Jung. replicata Nees in Mart. Fl. Bras, ; J. Thuilleri Schwgr. Mss., 
“Syn. Hep.” 434. 


Hab. In sylva Amazonica hic illic sparsa, habitationibus vix unquam 
remota, arborum domesticarum ramos infestans, locis Pardé; fl. 
Ramos, Bombonasa, Uaupes, ete., ripis. 


F 1-25 « 1-25-14, lob 15, ¢ dy 3 fl? 12X12; br 205 per 18x 9mm, 


32> 


Caules 3-pollicares validi, e rufo nigrescentes, arcte tripinnati, horizon- 
taliter stratificati intricative. 

Folia viridia, «tate fulva rufave dense imbricata patulo-decurva late 
cordato-ovata fere orbiculata, seepius latiora quam longa ; lobulus 
minutus, ad caulem ramosque galeatus, cucullatus vel solum 
cochleatus, oblique divaricatus, ad ramulos clavato-saccatus subrecte 
reflexus caulique contiguus 5 cellulla mediocres eequilatere, e pariete 
valde nodoso-incrassato intus 6-10- (seepius 8-) sinuatee, subconformes, 
inferiores perpaulo majores, 

Foliola imbricata foliis fere aquimagna orbiculata decurrentia, ipsa basi 
subcordata, apice emarginata sinu triangulari, dentibus acutis vel 
subapiculatis, ad axin profunde canaliculata, alis superne valde 
reflexis. 

Flores monoici crebi: ? laterales, plerique ramuligeni, pauci ad ramos 
prinarios, nulli ad caulem, assurgenti-secundi. Bractes sub 5-juge, 
infine minute equilobe, superiores sensim majores late patentes 


HOMOTROPANTHA | FRULLANIA. 37 


ineequilobee complicate, intime lobo lato subacuto subintegerrimo, 
lobulo duplo minore bracteolaeeque liberze segmentis acuminatis 
laciniatis. 

Perianthia vix emersa ovalia trigona erostria, angulis apicem versus 
oreque scaberula. Calyptra perianthio vix duplo brevior obovato- 
pyriformis 2 cell. crassa, demum apice ineequaliter bivalvis, Capsula 
in pedicello brevi vix emersa, rufa spherica profunde 4-fida, valvis 
recurvis. Elateres elongati angustiusculi, spiram tenuem laxe 
torquatam includentes, 

Andreecia ramigena subglobosa vel late ovoidea, folio axillari: longiora ; 
bractew plerumque plurijuge confertissime. 


Ad fl. Uaupés adest forma foliolis valde confertis reniformibus, 


bractearum lobulis bracteolisque margine undulato-crispis subinteg- 
errimis. 


Obs. The female branchlets are decidedly lateral, chiefly on the 
secondary branches, less frequently on the primary, never on the stem. 
They often alternate—springing first from one side of the branch, then 
from the other,—but as they all arch upwards, they seem, at first sight, 
to be seriate along the upper face of the branch. 

The leaf covering the base of each branch (leafy or floriferous) is wider 
than the rest, and more symmetrical, while the lobule is frequently 
evolute and the interlobule is enlarged (oblong, acute) and subtends the 
underside of the branch.—This interlobular process is usually quite 
wanting to normal stem-leaves. 

The different form of the cauline and ramuline lobules seems to 
almost break down the difference between F’, replicata and the K. 
Indian F’, nodulosa Nees. 


Suscenus IV.—METEORIOPSIS, S. 


Plante elatz stratificatee rufescentes vel fere atre. Caules pro more 
penduli longissimi laxe pinnati bipinnatique, ramis breviusculis, 
apice ad Meteorii (generis Muscorum) instar indefinite crescentes. 

Folia dissitiuscula, basi profunde cordata convolutivo-amplexantia, sub- 
triangularia pro more acuminata integerrima opaca ; lobulus 3-8plo 
brevior cauli appressus (erectus) tenuis cylindricus, rarius evolutus ; 
cellule parvee seepe subelongate, pariete incrassato. 

Foliola foliis subduplo breviora anguste gblonga bifida, alis interdum 
recurvis, Margine ipso autem plano. 

Flores dioici: @ in ramulo brevissimo insidentes, quasi-laterales. 
Bractez 3-4-juge, intime foliis plerumque sat longiores, profunde 
bifidee complicatse inzequilobze, lobis omnibus pro more acuminatis 
serratis laciniatisve, raro subintegerrimis ; bracteola libera segmentis 
subulatis. 

Perianthia trigona longirostria leyvia. Calyptra inferne 4 c. crassa. 

Andreecia vel ramulo folium axillare subexcedente constantia vel rarius 
in ramo terminalia, 


Hab. Ad arborum ramos et.folia necnon ad saxa in sylvis montium 
tropicalium opacis, ad crinis pulcherrimi instar longe pendula, muscis 


38 FRULLANIA. [ mereortopsis 


simili habitu (Meteoriis, Phyllogoniis, etc.) perseepe consociata ; rarius 
etiam ad filices. 

Distr. Species paucee nobis cognitee inter tropicos totius orbis vigent. 
Tpse in Andium Quitensium et Peruvianorum devexis sylvaticis 4 
species solum legi, quarum una, Fr. atrata Sw., a Mexico et ins. 
Antillarum ad Brasiliam australem dispersa est. 


Obs. Melius forsan pro subgeneris sequentis sectione habenda, differt 
autem a Thyopsiellis cladocarpicis caule indefinite elongato, foliis basi 
utrinque cordatis (nec solum antice semicordatis) caule circumvolutis, et 
foliolis angustis. 

The few species composing this group inhabit only the dampest hill- 
forests in tropical America, growing on rocks and the branches of trees, 
from which one of them, Jr. atrata Sw., depends in huge masses, 
sometimes half-a-yard long, and too bulky to be grasped in the arms. 
Its black-purple hue is often relieved by the admixture of mosses of 
similar pendulous habit, especially bright-green Meteoria, and silvery or 
golden Phyllogonia. It is found from the West Indies and Mexico to 
Southern Brazil and Peru, but I never met with it (nor with any other 
of the group) in the plains; wherefore I suspect that it has been 
erroneously indicated as growing on the Amazon and Orinoco. 

With Meteoriopsis might have been combined the cladocarpous species 
of the following subgenus (Zhyopsiella) ; the latter, however, differ in 
the definite stems and consequently more compact habit ; in the semi- 
cordate leaves (not equably cordate, or auricled on each side of the base) 
which are not convolute when fresh ; and in the much larger and wider 
underleaves, with recurved or reyolute margins. Otherwise, along with 
Meteoriopsis, they might rank as a mere section of Thyopsiella. 


27. Fr, atrata.—Atro-rubens longissima laxe subbipinnata. F. cordato- 
ovata acuminulata acuta, lobulo 4plo breviore tenui, ce. mediis 
elongatis. Foliola (=folii §) ovali-lanceolata breviter bifida segmentis 
acutis. Br. intime foliis duplo longiores acuminate subserrate 
recurve. Per. vix emersa ovato-fusiformia sensim longirostria. 

28. Fr, atrosanguinea.— Priori similis, flaccidior, colore saturate sanguineo ; 
foliis solum acutis—interdum obtusis, cellulis conformibus ; foliolis 
majoribus ; br. folia vix equantibus haud acuminatis, lobulis ciliato- 
laciniatis ; per. emersis ex apice lato abrupte longirostribus, differt. 

29. Fr. Perwviana.—Pallide viridis. F. cordato-ovata triangularia 
acuminulata, margine interdum lenissime recurvulo, lobulo 3plo 
breviore sepe evoluto. Foliola 2plo breviora oblonga ad 3 bifida, 
segmentis acutis. Br. foliis longiores, lobis inciso-serratis, lobulis 2- 
plo angustioribus prelongis segmentisque bracteole complicate 
sublaciniatis. Per. ovali-fusiformia rostello praeelongo solo emersa. 

30. Fr. aculeata.—Atro-rubens minus elongata. FF. biauriculato- 
cordata triangularia setaceo-acuminata, lobulo praeminuto tenui, c. 
omnibus elongatis, Foliola plus duplo breviora lineari-oblonga ad 
4, bifida, segmentis subulato-setaceis. Br. foliis longiores bracteolaque 
bipartite, segmentis longe setaceo-acuminatis subintegerrimis. Per. 
immersa triquetro-fusiformia longissime rostrata. 


27. FRULLANIA ATRATA (Sw.). 


Jung. atrata Sw, Prodr, Flor, Ind, occ, 144; Frullania a. Nees, ‘Syn. 
Hep’, 464. 


METEORIOPSIS | FRULLANIA. 3 


Hab. In Andium Quitensium sylvis montanis, supra montes Tunguragua 
et Guayrapata precipue, alt. circiter 3000™. ex arborum ramis pendula; 
in planitie nusquam vidi ; ad flumina Amazonum et Orinoco tamen 
in ‘Syn. Hep, (per errorem ?) indicata est. Caterum, in montibus 
totius fere Americe tropic haud raro ocurrit. 

F 12x°9, lob -3, ¢ d-; ff °75x°35, “75x35 br 25-30; per 
Zo x foe, 


Caules longissimi, pedales vel etiam bipedales, capilliformes, laxe 
symmetrice pinnati et bipinnati, in fasces magnos nigrescentes 
pendulos coacervati. 

Folia subimbricata dissitave e rubro atra opaca cauli circumvoluta late 
cordato-ovata acuminulata apiculatave acuta integerrima interdum 
repandula; lobulus 4plo brevior cauli contiguus parallelusque 
tenui-cylindricus ; cellule parvee, mediz subelongate, ceeterze sub- 
quilaterze, pariete incrassato. 

Foliola dimidio folio longiora ovali-lanceolata (ex alis recurvis lineari- 
oblonga videntur) breviter bifida, sinu tenui, segmentis acutis margine 
recurvis. 

Flores dioici: @ in ramulo valde abbreviato terminales, quasi laterales. 
Bractew 3—4-juge, extime parvee, intime foliis caulinis 2plo et ultra 
longiores, basi erectse, apice plus minus squarroso-recurve liber 
subserratee complicato-bilobe, lobis oblique lanceolatis acuminatis, 
lobulis bracteoleque complicate laciniis apice suvuiatis.  Inira 
florem pro more adveniunt folia 1-3-juga minuta normaliter saccato- 
lobulata. 

Perianthia vix emersa nigra anguste ovato-fusiformia trigona in rostellum 
longum subsensim attenuata. Calyptra duplo brevior, brevi- 
pyriformis albida, infra medium 4 ¢. crassa, apice demum ineequaliter 
4-valvis. Pedicelius perianthio vix longior, infra perianthii apicem 
rima laterali emergens, albiaus opacus, cellulis angustis conformi- 
bus conflatus. Capsula globosa rufo-badia, profunde 4-valvis, cellulis 
bistratis, exterioribus latioribus intus nodosis, interioribus fibra 
spirali carentibus ; elateres capsula vix duplo breviores, valvularum 
dimidio supero adfixi, late unispiri, demum (capsula evacuata) 
devexi. Spore magne elateribus plus duplo latiores angulatz 
rufo-tuberculose. 

Plante mascule tenuiores. Andreecia ramulo minuto constantia, oblongo- 
globosa subcompressa folium axillare paulo excedentia; bractew 
3—juge. 

Obs. The 9 flowers are secondary branches of the distantly bipinnate 


stem, so much shortened that all the leaves on them are (mostly) to 
be accounted bracts. 


28, FRULLANIA ATROSANGUINEA, Tayl. in hb. Jameson. 


Hab. in monte Pichincha, ubi plantas 9 et ¢ legit beat. JAmEson; 
ipse in montibus Tunguragua et Guayrapata sterilem solum legi, 
too, lob 5x15, ¢ g@—iss J 13x85 br 15; per Bax -75, 

rostellum °35™™. 
Caules penduli pedales debiles flexuosi, laxe et fere simpliciter pinnati, 


ramulis perraris, (cum foliis) sanguineo-rubentes, apicibus novellis 
flavidi. 


40 FRULLANIA. | METEORIOPSIS 


Folia dissita cauli circumvoluta cordato-ovata, acuta apiculata vel sub- 
obtusa, basi fere symmetrica, auriculis rotundatis, postica submajore 
e sinu (cauli contiguo) lobulum folio 38ple breviorem erectum 
clavatum compressulum proferente ; cellule parve subconformes 
subeequilaterve, pariete incrassato, foliolorum pallide elongatze. 

Foliola foliis haud multo breviora pallida ovato-lanceolata, subacuta 
breviter (ad }) bifida, alis recurvulis, segmentis contiguis acutis 
subplanis. 

Flores dioici: @ laterales. Bracteze intime foliis caulinis subminores 
inequilobe, lobo ovali apiculato - acuto, lobulo ovato - lanceolato 
acuminato ciliato ; bracteola bracteis eequilonga laciniato - ciliata 
complicato-biloba, lobis lanceolato-subuiatis flexuoso-acuminatis. 

Perianthia semiemersa obovato-oblonga, subtriplo longiora quam lata, ex 
apice lato abrupte longirostria, demum trifida. Capsula globosa 4- 
partita vix emersa. 

Amenta ¢ ramigena, folio axillari duplo longiora oblonga compressula ; 
bractew 6-jugee arcte equitantes cymbiformes, lobis subeequalibus 
semilunato-obovatis ultra medium connatis. Bracteola unaalterave, 
parva biloba, ad amenti basin adest ; caters bracteole obsolete. 


A F. atrata certe diversa videtur habitu flaccidiore, colore sanguineo ; 
foliis majoribus haud acuminatis—interdum obtusis, cellulis mediis haud 
elongatis ; foliolis longioribus ; bracteis longe brevioribus, lobis haud 
acuninatis, lobulis ciliato-laciniatis ; preecipue autem perianthio ex apice 
lato rotundato longirostri. 


29. FRULLANIA PERUVIANA, Gottsche. 
G. L. et.N. ‘Syn. Hep.’ 465. 


In M. Guayrapurina Andium Peruvianorum, e rupibus arboribusque 
pendula, necnon in filice repens. “ Peruvia,” ‘Syn. Hepat.’ 1. ¢. 

#YOx7, “85x 6, lob 33 f* 5x3; 4x23 4x 718s br Lee 
°85, rostellum 6 ; ¢ gy—-2A5™™- 

Caules usque ad 12 pollices longi, tenuissimi, in caespites magnos, pallide 
virides flavidosve pendulos imbricati, laxe bipinnati, ramulis sepe 
fere capillaceo-attenuatis. 

Folia dissita suboblique cordato-ovato-triangularia acuminulata apicu- 
latave acuta, basi antica caulem late transeuntia convolutiva, 
cterum subplana, vel margine lenissime recurvulo; lobulus 3plo 
brevior semper fere evolutus subulatus, raro saccatus subeylindricus 
cauli subcontiguus; cellule minutule subelongate flexuose pellucide, 

Foliola duplo breviora distantia oblonga (subduplo longiora quam lata) 
planiuscula, basi vix cordata, apice ad vel ultra 4 bifida, sinu segmen- 
tisque anguste triangularibus acutis. 

Flores dioici : 9 ramulo brevissimo constantes, seepe crebri. Bracteze sub 
5-jugee, interne foliis sat longiores suberectee profunde biloba com- 
plicatee, lobis omnibus tenui-acuminatis, anticis lanceolatis subinciso- 
serratis, lobulis imo longioribus duplo autem angustioribus, seg- 
mentisque bracteole angustee ad 4 usque bifidee complicate (basi 
cum altera bractea connate) laciniatis. 

Perianthia pallida ovali-fusiformia alte obtuse trigona sensim rostrata, 
rostello praelongo solo emerso. 


METEORIOPSIS | FRULLANIA. 41 


30. FRULLANIA ACULEATA, Tayl.., 


Lond. Journ. Bot. 1846, p. 407 ; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, prope Cuenca, pl. ¢ (JAmEson in hb. Hook.) ; 
in M. Chimborazo, alt. 1500™, ad ramulos legit R. Spruce pl. 9 cum 
perianthiis, m. Aug. 1860. In insulis Galapagos legit DaRWwIN. 

F 18x°7, 16x °6, lob 2-25, c As; f'*-8x°3; br 25-3-:0; per 22x 
1D ac 

Elatiuscula e rubro atra stratificata seepe pendula. Caules 3-6-pollicares 
tenues fragiles laxe pinnati subbipinnative intricati. 

Folia laxe imbricata late patula siccando sepius falcato-subsecunda, e 
basi biauriculato-cordata concavo-amplexante triangularia, in acumen 
subulato-setaceum flexuosum attenuata ; lobulus sub 8plo brevior 
tenuis cylindricus cauli appressus basi bifidus ; cellulee 75™™ longe, 
latitudine dimidio minores, rectangulares rhomboidezve, omnes fere 
zquales, paucissime basales subrotunde. 

Foliola plus duplo minora dissita lineari-oblonga ad 4 bifida, segmentis 
subulato-setaceis, basi perpaulo latiora subcordato - amplexantia, 
ceeterum subplana. 

Flores dioici :2 in ramo primario valde abbreviato terminales. Bractez 
confertze subappresse, intima majuscule libere bracteolaque 
bipartit, laciniis omnibus subequimagnis longe setaceo-acuminatis 
integerrimis vel supra basin posticam unidentatis. 

Perianthia immersa triquetro-fusiformia equilatera longissime rostrata 
demum apice trifida. 

“ Andreecia lateralia sessilia oblongo-rotunda ” (Tayl. 1.c.). 


Planta omnium Frullaniarum quam maxime singularis! aspectu 
Hypnum elodes potius quam ullam hepaticam referens. 


Suscenus V.—_THYOPSIELLA, 8. 


Elata stratificata, procumbens, erecta vel seepe pendula, pinnata 2-3- 
pinnatave, eleganter thyoidea, rufa pallidave, raro virescens nigres- 
censve, caule determinato nec indefinite prolongato. 

Folia imbricata patula, in sicco perseepe convolutiva, concava in plerisque, 
margine toto incurvulo, in paucis planiora margine (saltem postico) 
recurvulo, semicordato-ovata-oblongave seepe abrupte apiculata, raro 
acuminata vel mutica, pro more integerrima ; lobulus cylindraceus 
cauli subcontiguus et fere semper parallelus—raro parum divergens 
—szpe evolutus ; cellule plerumque parve, pariete incrassato. 

Foliola in plerisque dimidium folium subexcedentia, ovali-rotunda (e 
margine toto recurvo ad speciem spatulata) breviter bifida, apicibus 
seepius acutis, basi decurrente szpissime utrinque auriculata crispa- 
taque ; in paucis cladocarpicis majora oblata planioraque, interdum 
subintegra. 

Flores omnium dioici: 2 utplurimum in caule vel in ramo longiusculo 
terminales, in paucis ramulo brevissimo constantes (quasi-laterales). 
Bractez 3-5-juge bilobe (complicate vel solum concave) pro more 
acuminatz, lobulis bracteolisque seepissime spinulosis laciniatisve. 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV, F 


42 FRULLANIA. [THYOPSIELLA 


Perianthia plerumque emersa elongata rostellata, vel 3-carinata vel (in 
paucis) ecarinata cylindrica, in paucissimis pluricarinata, lzevia. 
Calyptra infra medium 4-6 cell. (rarissime solum 2 cell.) crassa. 
Capsula globosa. 

Andrecia ramigena, ramulo brevi compresso-globoso vel oblongo con- 
stantia ; bracteze 3-6-jugee arcte equitantes subequilobe diandre. 


Hab. Subgenus revera sylvestre, hominum vestigia pro more effugiens, 
nullis terris exul, in tropicis montanis sylvestribus valde frequens, in 
temperatis in planitie quoque degens, arboricolum et saxicolum. 

Distr, Ipse in America equatoriali 13 vel 14 species, omnes in 
deyexis Andium sylvaticis inter 330 et 4000", nullam in planitie 
Amazonica, legi; earum una (Fr. Brasiliensis), valde varians, per 
Americam tropicam in montibus ubique inventa est, alize paucee jam 
ante in Nova Granata, Mexico, etc., a Lindigio, Liebmanno aliisque lectz 
fuerunt ; plereeque tamen nove videntur. Ceeterze plurime species ab 
auctoribus jam ante descripte in terris tropicis et subtropicis Americz 
precipue crescunt, aliz autem in Asia et Africa necnon in insulis 
Oceanicis indigene sunt. In Europa species 3 v. 4 habemus, quarum 
una, fr. Tamarisct, in tota zona temperata boreali dispersa est. 


Of all the subgenera of Frullania this is the most widely distributed 
and the richest in species, of which all have the same somewhat rigid 
feather-like habit, and convex shining foliage as the common Fr. Tamarisct 
of our trees and rocks, recalling a branch of Arborvite. They grow in 
dense depressed patches, usually of a reddish hue—rarely pallid or black- 
ish—scarcely ever greenish. The plants are rarely shortened to an inch, 
and sometimes reach 6 or 8 inches in length, and they are regularly and 
closely bipinnate—rarely simply or triply pinnate. The leaves are mostly 
semicordato-ovate, more or less concave, especially at the apex, which is 
usually abruptly apiculate—rarely acuminate or muticous, very rarely 
serrulate. The small lobule is almost contiguous to the stem throughout 
its length ; normally it is a slender conico-cylindrical sac, but very often 
it is evolute and lanceolato-subulate. A minute process (“stylus”) is 
sometimes interposed between the lobule and the stem, but is oftener 
obsolete. Leaf-cells small, often subelongate (rhomboidal), with thickened 
walls, distinctly sinuate within. The underleaves are always longer 
than half the leaf, broadly oval—very rarely wider and reniform or 
orbicular, shortly bifid, with the margin in most species strongly 
recurved all round, often narrowly cordate—or rather sinuato-biauriculate: 
—at the base, the auricles sometimes projecting laterally (subhastate) ; 
in one species (fr. bicornistipula) they are nearly as large as the leaves, 
reniform, nearly entire, but with a slender horn-like process at each 
angle of the widely retuse apex. The inflorescence in all is dioicous ; 
the 9 flowers terminal on primary or secondary branches, in a few 
species quasi-lateral (cladogenous). Bracts in 3 to 5 rows, mostly free, 
larger than the leaves, acuminate and often dentate or laciniate, especially 
as to the lobules and bracteoles. Perianth elongate, normally trigonous 
—unicarinate beneath ; but in a few species it becomes inflated and 
cylindrical, losing all trace of keels, and at the apex is abruptly narrowed 
into a long tubular beak. In two S. Brazilian species, the trigonous 
perianth becomes pluricarinate, by the addition of intermediate keels of 
slighter elevation. 

The Thyopsille axe all truly wild plants, and as a rule avoid the 


THYOPSIELLA | FRULLANIA. 43 


proximity of man. Yet they are not so often found buried in the depths 
of the forest as bordering mountain-streams, where they form a broad 
horizontal fringe on each side of the twigs of bushes and trees, or creep 
over and hang in tufts from branches and rocks. On bushy, stony 
hill-sides in the Andes, and on old lava streams scantily clad with a 
shrubby vegetation, where they are alternately exposed to a burning sun, 
and cooled and moistened by clouds that are rarely absent from the 
mountain-side for many hours together, as well as by the frequent heavy 
rains, is where they seem to most luxuriate. From the Amazonian 
plain they are apparently quite absent—unless a few exist near the sea- 
board, as they do farther north in the Guianas, and to southward in 
Brazil ; but from the mouth of the Amazon to the base of the Andes I 
did not meet a single species. In ascending the Andes the cladocarpous 
species are the first to appear, at about 400 metres, and they ascend no 
higher than 1600 metres. They are fine large-leaved plants, and at first 
sight look more like Madothecas than Frullanias. Low bushes of a Pilea, 
on the western declivity of the conical hill of Lamas, in the Peruvian 
Andes, are almost completely overrun with Fr. madothecoides S. and 
a large Lejeunea (L. devoluta 8.); Fr. bicornistipula grows both on the 
eastern side of the equatorial Andes (cataract of Agoyan, 1600™) and in 
the red-bark woods of Chimborazo, at 1200", on the western side, 

The acrocarpous species begin to appear on the slopes of the Andes at 
about the height where the cladocarpous species disappear, and probably 
extend upwards to the limit of arborescent vegetation, although I do not 
seem to have gathered any above 3500 metres. Fr. Brasiliensis (includ- 
ing its subspecies F’r. cylindrica, and several varieties) is as widely and 
commonly distributed in the mountainous parts of tropical 8. America as 
Fr. Tamarisci in Europe, and is still more variable, but always preserves 
its perfectly smooth cylindrical perianth. Absent from the great plains 
of the Amazon and Orinoco, it abounds in the middle wooded region of 
the Andes, on both sides of the chain, and all through the mountains of 
South Brazil, as well as in the West Indies and Mexico. Along with it, 
in the Peruvian and Quitenian Andes, grows Fr. strobilantha S.—a 
beautiful species, with acuminate leaves, and involucres that simulate 
fir cones, from the large turgid, chaffy, closely-packed bracts with 
recurved points. 

I gathered some fourteen species of Thyopsiella in the Andes, but the 
total number of known species in the world reaches perhaps thrice that 

‘number. Fr. Tamarisci occurs throughout the north temperate zone, 
but scarcely overpasses its limits. Abundant in Europe, it is much rarer 
in America, where it is partially replaced by an allied species, Wr. Asa- 
grayana. We have besides it in Europe two or three other species ; 
N. America and the Atlantic islands furnish a few more ; but the great 
bulk of the species are tropical, especially S. American and Malayan. 
A few Cape species have been identified with Indian, but it is doubtful 
if any Asian and American species be really identical ; and the Austra- 
lasian species seem all peculiar. 


I. Crapocarpica.—Flores 2 quasi laterales, ramulo brevissimo constantes. 
—Forsan melius cum subgenere antecedente (Meteoriopst) conjungende, 
distant autem species caule determinato, nec indefinite prolongato, et 
foliolis magnis latis. 


31. Fr. bicornistipula.—Elata subtripinnata. F. magna semi-cordato- 


44 FRULLANIA. [ THYOPSIELLA 


oblonga abrupte cuspidata apice subdentata, lobulo minutissimo 
sepe basi subealearato. Foliola maxima reniformia subintegra apice 
late retuso ex utroque sinus angulo cilium corniforme proferentia. 
Br. subequilobe basi ciliatee, lobis lanceolatis acuminatis idem ac 
bracteole bifidee segmentis inciso-dentatis. Per. imimersa fusiformia 
tricarinata. 

32. Fr. formosa.—Tripinnata. F. arcte imbricata oblique semicordato- 
oblonga subapiculata, lobulo minuto digitiformi, vel seepe evoluto, 
c. mediis parvis. Foliola sat magna oblato-orbiculata basi subcor- 
data, apice ad 4 bifida, segmentis subapiculatis. Br. bracteola- 
que bifidee ciliato-laciniatee, laciniis crispis interdum iterum 
lacinulatis. 

33. Fr. madothecoides.—Elata bipinnata. F. semicordato-ovata subapicu- 
lata raro* mutica, lobulo semper evoluto, c. mediis mediocribus. 
Foliola foliis } breviora oblongo-orbiculata subdecurrentia apice fere 
ad 1 bifida, segmentis acuminulatis, margine utrinque 1-vel pauci- 
dentata. Br. spinulosze, bracteola ciliato-laciniata. 


II. Acrocarpica.—TF lores 2 in ramo longiore, sepe iterwm ramoso, 
terminales. 


A. Folia margine postico recurvo, antico incurvo. 
a. Perianthia apice saltem trigona. 


34. Fr. strobilantha.—Elata bi-tripinnata. F. cordato-ovata subacuminata 
apiculatave, sepe apicem versus serrulata, lobulo parvo, caulino 
semper evoluto. Foliola $ breviora ovato-oblonga cordato-amplexi- 
caulia, apice ultra } bifida, laciniis acuminatis acutis recurvis. Br. 
3-juge magne ventricoso-concave paleacee subzquilobe, lobis 
acuminatis interdum apice serrulatis ; bracteola magna orbiculato- 
ovata, basi turgida, apice breviter bifida, laciniis angustis perseepe 
integerrimis. Per. vix emersa ovali-fusiformia, supra medium 
trigona, demum profunde 5-fida, laciniis apice coherentibus. 

35. Fr. Beyrichiana.—Bipinnata. F. cordato-ovata apiculata, lobulo 
majusculo seepius evoluto. Foliola late oblonga ad 4 fere bifida, 
segmentis acutis, basi utrinque auricula crispa aucta. Br. 3-jugze foliis 
paulo majores profunde complicato-bilobe, ad sinum 3-laciniate, 
lobis omnibus tenui-acuminatis ; bracteola oblongo-lanceolata 
carinata ultra 4 bifida, segmentis sublaciniatis. 


b. Perianthia cylindrica, omnino ecarinata. 


36. Fr. tubiflora.—Humilior arcte bipinnata. F. fere divergentia oblique 
ovato-lanceolata brevi-acuminata, apice seepe subdenticulata, lobulo 
parvo raro evoluto, Foliola oblonga basi breviter biauriculata, apice 
ad } bifida, segmentis acutis. Br. 5-jugze laxe decurvo-secunde, 
intime magne concave vix ad 4 bifide, subintegerrime, lobis 
bracteoleque segmentis pungenti-acuminatis. Per. prelonga apice 
demum. 5-fida. 


B. Folia toto margine plus minus incurvo, exindeque concava. 


a. Perianthia normaliter cylindrica ecarinata. 


37. Fr. Brasiliensis—Elata subbipinnata. F. semicordato-oblonga, 
ovatove-oblonga, rotundata apiculata, rarissime mutica, lobulo 


THYOPSIELLA | FRULLANIA. 45 


4plo breviore. Foliola haud duplo breviora late oblonga breviter 
bifida, segmentis apiculatis, basi utrinque sinuato-auriculata, 
margine toto valide recurvo. Br. foliis $ longiores subequilobe, 
lobis subacuminulatis, posticis idem ac bracteole segmentis sub- 
spinulosis laciniatisve. Per. alte emersa longirostria demum 
plurifida. 

b. Perianthia trigona. 


38. Fr. closterantha.—Gracilis bipinnata. F, subimbricata divergentia 
semicordato-ovalia abrupte apiculata, lobulo cauli contiguo vel 
seepissime evoluto. Foliola majuscula obovato-oblonga breviter 
bifida, segmentis acutis, basi anguste biauriculata. Br. iis Br. Brasili- 
ensis subconformes. Per, alte emersa tenui-fusiformia valde obtuse 
trigona rostellata ore demum 4~-6-fida.—Var. Canelensis. Elata 
tenuis tripinnata. FF. vix imbricata oblongo-rotunda apiculata, 
lobulo 3plo breviore fere semper evoluto. Foliola fere duplo 
breviora late oblonga ad } bifida, segmentis acutis, basi sinuato- 
biauriculata. Br. foliis longiores, lobis acuminatis, lobulis duplo 
minoribus bracteoleeque segmentis angustis laciniato-ciliatis. 

39. Fr. rigescens—Elata robusta inequaliter 2-3-pinnata. FF, arcte 
imbricata semicordato-oblongo-rotunda obtusata cum apiculo minuto, 
auricula antica magna crispa, lobulo minuto seepius evoluto. Foliola 
majuscula orbiculata, basi parvi-biauriculata, apice ad } bifida, 
segmentis subapiculatis. Br, confertissimz, lobis longe apiculatis 
spinulosis, lobulis bracteoleeque magne segmentis longissime flexuoso- 
laciniatis. Per. alte emersa fusiformia, supra medium obtuse 3—4- 
gona, sensim rostellata.—Var. mollicula, magis regulariter pinnata, 
foliis paulo angustioribus, foliolis conformibus, bracteis autem 
pro more integerrimis, bracteola raro lacinia una alterave aucta ; 
perianthiis longe tenuioribus triplo longioribus quam latis. 

40. Fr. clandestina.—Elata valida 2-3-pinnata. F. subimbricata semi- 
cordato-orbiculata minute apiculata valde concava, lobulo fere 4plo 
breviore nunquam evoluto. Foliola magna cordato-orbiculata basi 
subcrispula, apice emarginata, sinu lato triangulari, segmentis 
prelatis acutis. 

41. Fr. Sabanetica.—Elongata pendula laxe bipinnata. F. subimbricata 
semicordato-ovato-oblonga subacuta tenui-apiculatave, margine 
supero involuto, lobulo tenui interdum evoluto. Foliola haud duplo 
breviora subrectangulari-oblonga ad } bifida, margine basi recurvo. 
Br. maxime foliis fere triplo longiores subintegerrimz, lobulis 
bracteoleeque profunde bifidee segmentis tenuissime acuminatis. Per. 
emersa nigricantia fusiformia trigona, carinis lateralibus devexis. 

42, Fr. flexicaulis.—Elata pendula valde flexuosa inzequaliter pinnata. 
F. subimbricata late cordato-ovata apice valde decurvo rotundata, 
mutica, lobulo tenui cylindrico-companulato. Foliola ovato-oblonga 
angulato-repanda, ad } bifida, segmentis acutis, basi obtuse sub- 
hastata. Br. lobis ovatis obtusatis subintegerrimis, lobulis bracteol- 
eeque segmentis longe acuminatis crispato-laciniatis. Per. alte 
emersa nigricantia obovato-oblonga triquetra subtruncata longi- 
rostria, 

43. Fr. hematocysta.—Nigro-sanguinea subpinnata. F. late imbricata 
late cordato-ovata brevi-acuta subapiculata concava, lobulo majusculo 
erasse cylindrico paulo divergente. Foliola orbiculata subdecurrentia 
emarginata, dentibus acutis, margine infero valide recurvo, 


46 FRULLANIA. [ THYOPSIELLA 


31. FRULLANIA BICORNISTIPULA, Spruce. (Tas. II.) 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad pedem montis Tunguragua juxta fl. Blanco 
ostia et in montis Chimborazo devexis occidentalibus, alt. 1500™, in 
arborum ramulis. 

F23x1:3, 20x11, lob 15-2, ¢ dy; f'* 15x20, 1-4 x0Seeie ae 
br! 2°25 x1:0; per 2.0 x "75™™, 

Elata pendula olivaceo-virens rufulave. Caules 3-6-pollicares im- 
bricati bi-tripimnati, ramis dissitiusculis. 

Folia imbricata divergentia subplana oblique semicordato-oblonga vel 
subovata abrupte cuspidata, apicem versus paucidentata, angulata, 
vel integerrima, basi antica caulem longe transeuntia, postica 
sinuato-lobulata, margine toto lenissime recurvula; lobulus pre- 
minutus folio 12-15plo brevior, cauli subcontiguus parallelusque, 
basi in calcar breve seepe productus ; cellule parvule subelongate 
opace, pariete incrassato intus 6-sinuato, subequimagne, infime 
sole cxteris multo majores discoloresque. 

Foliola imbricata maxima, latiora quam longa, reniformi-orbiculata, 
rotundata, retusula vel late subemarginata, ex utroque sinus angulo 
cilium corniforme #™, longum, cellulis 7-8 uniseriatis conflatum, 
rectum v. curvatum, proferentia, fere planissima, solum juxta basin 
canaliculatam amplexantem margine recurvula. 

Flores dioici: 9 crebri, ad ramos primarios, raro ad secundarios, nun- 
quam ad ipsum caulem, ramulo abbreviato constantes, quasi-laterales. 
Bracte 5-6-jugze, suberectee conferte, intimeze foliis paulo longiores 
brevissime connate ad 3 bilobe, lobis lanceolatis acuminatis 
equilongis, postico angustiore, ipsa basi ciliis paucis longis ornate, 
dein brevi spatio integree, ad lobos profunde inciso-dentatie ; bracteola 
longe cuneato-oblonga ultra + bifida, eodem modo ae bractez inciso- 
dentata basique ciliata ; br. inferiores sensim minores liberze minus 
dentatee, lobulo tamen evoluto, infima minuta sola nonnunquam 
saccifera vel etiam ad solum sacculum redacta.  Pistillidia 2. 

Perianthia immersa, inferne rufa apice pallida, fusiformia tricarinata 
sensim rostellata brevia, demum trifida. Calyptra subglobosa tenuis, 
dimidio inferiore 2 cell. crassa. Capsula globosa, stratis cellularum 
duobus conflata. Elateres a medio valvularum ad apicem usque 
sparsi, persistentes elongati utrinque truncati late unispiri, plerumque 
nudi, folliculo dissoluto. Sporee maxim, elaterum diametro 4plo 
latiores, flavee angulatee pulchre rufo-tuberculate, tuberculis humili- 
bus erebris eequidistantibus. 


32. FRULLANIA FORMOSA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad pedem Andium Quitensium orientalem, secus fluvium Bom- 
bonasa, in arborum ramulis. 

FOX 7, 0b 1D, ¢ ays fe OX efor Loo 

Elata rufo-badia horizontaliter patula. Caules 3-pollicares tripinnati, 
frondem triangulari-plumeeformem sistentes. 

Folia arcte imbricata, subplana, apice decurvula, valde oblique oblonga 
abrupte acuta interdum minute apiculata, basi antica profunde 
semicordata (auricula subrotunda); lobulus minutus  conico- 
cylindricus cauli proximus et subparallelus, sepe evolutus lanceo- 


THYOPSIELLA | FRULLANIA. ; 47 


latus canaliculatus, cellule parvee, plures inferiores majores dis- 

coloresque. Folia ramea ramulinaque longius apiculata, lobulo 

semper perfecte voluto. 
Foliola imbricata foliis eequilata, breviora tamen, oblato-orbiculata, ad 

+ bifida, rima angusta, segmentis subapiculatis planiusculis, basi 
subcordata amplexicaulia margineque ibidem tam recurvo ut spath- 
ulata videantur. 

Flores dioici: Q quasi-laterales secus caulis ramorumque primariorum 
apicem oriundi, crebri, assurgenti-secundi. Bracteze 5-jugze conferte 
recurvo-patule complicate subequilobe, intime folus $ longiores 
acuminulatze, bracteolaque bifida toto fere margine pulchre ciliato- 
_laciniate, laciniis flexuosis aliis iterum lacinulatis ; bracteze exteriores 
sensim minores pariter laciniatz. 

Perianthia (valde juvenilia) trigono-prismatica rostellata. 


Pulcherrima species, Fr. ulotriche Tayl. et Fr. Deppit G. subsimilis, 
nulli autem arcte affinis. Habitu Wr. replicatam, Nees. magis refert, 
differt praecipue lobulis erectis nec reflexis. 


33 FRULLANIA MADOTHECOIDES, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos, in monte Lamas, alt. 750™, ad fruticum 
ramulos. 

#18 X 1:2, 1°65. 171, lob °6, ¢ aya 5 f 11x 85™, 

Caules 3-5-pollicares, horizontales pendulive stratificati, bipinati, aliis 
ramis elongatis, aliis brevissimis foemineis. 

Folia pallida flavo-virescentia vel etiam albida, solum ramorum apicem 
versus subrufa, imbricata, subdivergentia, planiuscula, medio parum 
concava, margine postico toto recurvulo, semicordato-ovata sub- 
abrupte acuta obtusulave, plerumque brevi-apiculata raromutica, 
auricula antica oblonga subcircinata ; lobulus cauli contiguus semper 
evolutus folio triplo brevior subulatus canaliculatus ; cellule medii 
folii parvulze subelongatee pellucide, basin versus sensim majores 
intus sinuate, secus marginem minores subeequilateree. 

Foliola $ minora imbricata oblongo-orbiculata vel subquadrata vix ad 
medium usque acute bifida, medio margine utrinque grandius- 
cule 1-2-dentata, segmentis apicis planis acuminulatis integerrimis 
vel externe angulato-dentatis, basin versus profunde canaliculata 
marginibus recurvis, basi ipsi utrinque subsinuata parum decur- 
rentia. 

Flores dioici : 2 crebri in ramulis abbreviatis ad caulem precipue, rarius 
ad ramos primarios, terminales. Bracteze 3—5-juge, interiores in- 

*  erescentes recurvo-patulz bipartite, lobo ovato sensim acuminato 
margine interno basin versus paucilaciniato, raro toto fere spinuloso ; 
lobulo paulo minore ovato-lanceolato spinuloso bracteola oblonga ad 
3 bifida, laciniato-ciliata. Pistillidia 4-longius-cula intra perianthium 
valde juvenile lageniforme semirecepta. 


Obs. Stirps pulcherrima, inter Thyopsiellam et Meteoriopsin fere media. 
Fr. Griffithsiana Tayl. (e Brasilia australi) quoad flores Q cladogenos 
ete. affinis, folia habet multo minora valde concava, margine toto (basi 
excepta) recurvulo ; folia suborbiculata basi hastato-cordata, segmentis 
apicis alisque valide recurvis. Quum nostratis perianthia nondum cog- 
nita sunt, anne eodem modo plurisulca dubium remanet. 


48 FRULLANIA. [ THYOFSIELLA 


34. FRULLANIA STROBILANTHA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad fruticum ramulos secus fluvium Pastasa, 
infra Banos, alt. circiter 1500" ; Andes Peruvianos, ad arbores et 
rupes montis’ Campana, alt. 1200-1500™. 


F15x°8, lob 15-5, cay 5 fl* 10x ‘75 ; br 3-2 longer 5 per 35x 1'5™™. 

Caules 2-4-pollicares in cespitem densum seepe suberectum_ stratificati, 
bi-tri-pinnati, seepe plumeformes, ramis subdivergenti-decurvulis. 

Folia e pallide viridi rufo-badia, interdum albescentia, fere horizontalia, 
in sicco cauli plus minus circumyoluta, e basi cordata ovata suba- 
cuminata acutissima sepeque tenui-apiculata, integerrima v. apicem 
versus serrulata, margine infero toto recurvo, supero anguste in- 
curvo ; lobulus parvus cauli approximatus et subparallelus, fol. 
caulinorum semper evolutus lanceolato-subulatus canaliculatus, 
ramulorum saccatus breviter conico-campanulatus v. subeylindricus 
ore bifidus ; cellule parvee subelongatze, inferiores mediz longiores 
discoloresque. 

Foliola foliis dimidio breviora subimbricata ovato-oblonga, basi lata cor- 
dato-amplexicaulia, apice ultra 4 acute bifida, laciniis acuminatis 
acutis recurvo-hamatis, alis recurvis, toto medio carinato-canaliculata. 

Flores dioici: @ in ramo brevi longioreve terminales, sepe cum in- 
novatione. Bractes 3-jugze rufo-flavide paleaceze basi ventricoso- 
concave arcte imbricatee, apice squarroso-recurve, intime folia 
plusquam duplo excedentes, liber, subzqualiter bilobee, lobis 
breviuscule tenui-acuminatis integerrimis vel ad acumen serrulatis, 
interdum supra bracteze basin posticam lacinula aucti ; bracteola 
magna orbiculato-ovata acuminata, basi turgida, apice breviter 
bifida, laciniis tenui-subulatis serrulatis vel persepe integerrimis. 

Perianthia ovali-fusiformia inferne teretia supra medium obtuse trigona 
acuminata sensim longirostria (rostello solo sepe emergente), demum 
ab apice profunde 5-fida, laciniis lanceolato-subulatis apice sepe 
cohzerentibus. 

Andreecia in planta tenuiore creberrima, oblongo-globosa, folio axillari 
longiora ; bracteze 4-7-jugee iis Fr. Brasiliensis simillimee. 

Obs. I at first thought that this might be the true F’r. macrocephala L. 
et L. in Lehm. nov. et minus cogn. stirp. V., p. 20, but the description in 
‘Syn. Hep.’ p. 460 makes no mention of the large turgid chaffy bracts, 
imbricated so as to resemble a fir-cone ; nor of the fusiform perianth, 
tapering gradually into a trigonous beak, whose point barely peeps out 
from the involucre ; nor of the acuminate segments of the underleaves, 
which in the Synopsis are described simply as “ ovalia, bifida, laciniis 
revolutis.” 


35. FruLtuania Beyricuti, L. et Lindenb. 
Syn. Hep. 460. 


Hab, Andes Peruvianos, in M. Guayrapurina, alt. 900™, supra folia 
emortua filicesque: pl. ? sola, sterilis. Brasilia (Bryricn). Peruvia 
(Porpria). Silla de Caracas (Mortt2). 

F11x°75, lob °45, ¢ py 3 f* 8x °55 3 br 15; br* 12x oe 

Prostrata rufescens. Caules 3-pollicares nigrescentes, bipinnati, ramis 
late patulis (angulo axillari sub 80°), frondem lanceolatam sistentes. 


THYOPSIELLA | FRULLANIA. 49 


Folia imbricata patenti-decurvula, cordato-ovata ex subacuto apice 
apiculata, basi valde inzequalia antice longius supra caulem descen- 
dentia et transeuntia, margine repandulo postico recurvulo; lobulus 
fere triplo brevior, raro  saccatus ovali-cylindricus, plerumque 
evolutus lanceolato-subulatus; cellule parvule elongate: flexuose 
subpellucidee, pariete incrassato. 

Foliola vix $ breviora late oblonga fere ad 4 bifida, sinu segmentisque 
acutis, basi utrinque in auriculam sinuato-crispam oblongam producta, 
margine toto anguste recurvo. 

Flores dioici:?in ramo primario terminales, semper fere innovatione 
ramosa suffulti. Bracteze conferts suberectze foliis longiores com- 
plicate ad 4 alt. bilobse; lobi antici lanceolati tenui - acuminati 
angulati fere integerrimi; lobuli parum minores caudato-acuminati 
basi laciniis 3 aucti; bracteola libera (bracteis inclusa imbricataque) 
oblongo-lanceolata complicato-carinata ultra medium bifida segmentis 
angustis sublaciniatis spinosisve. 


Fr. tubiflora 8. folia habet magis acuminata, bracteas (in ramo Q 
incrassato) dissitas homotropas haud caudato-acuminatas. 

Obs. The leaf subtending a branch is obliquely cordate—the antical 
auricle being slightly larger than the postical—and the lobule is repre- 
sented by two narrow lanceolate leaflets, whereof the outer is connate at 
the very base with the lobe and also with the inner and smaller leaflet : 
both are internal to the large lobe, or leaf proper. 


36. FRULLANIA TUBIFLORA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in valle fluvii Pastasa, loco Antombos, alt. 1500™, 
ad ramulos, cum Fr. Brasiliensi et strobilantha. 

F'-9x ‘5, lob -2,¢ g—-sb3 f* 6x4, 4x 2; br 20x14; br™ 1:9 1-25; 
per 35 x 1.3m™™, 

Subpusilla, e rufo-purpureo nigrescens. Caules 1} -pollicares arcte 
bipinnati, ramis brevibus. 

Folia subimbricata fere divergentia oblique ovato-lanceolata, basi anguste 

- semicordata, apice sensim vel subabrupte breviter acuminata ibidem- 
que spe angulata vel subdenticulata, margine supero anguste 
incurvo, infero recurvo; lobulus plus 4plo brevior cauli parallelus 
et subcontiguus conico-cylindricus, ore obliquo; cellule fere minutulee 
elongate flexuoso-rhomboidee, pariete valde incrassato, plures inferi- 
ores multo majores. Folia ramulina sensim multo minora, eorum 
lobulo tamen caulinorum eequimagno, apice sepe distincte serrulata. 

Foliola } minora subimbricata subappressa, oblonga (ramea angustiora) 

-@ margine toto anguste recurvo ad speciem rectangularia, basi 
breviter biauriculato-cordata vix sinuata, apice ad vel ultra } sub- 
obtuse bifida, segmentis acutis. 

Flores dioici: 9 in ramo superne incrassato terminales; bracteze 5-jugee laxie 
decurvo-secundee (folia Sendinere haud male simulantes),intime foliis 
duplo longiores ovatze valde concave vix ad $ bifidee, segmentis haud ~ 
longe sed acutissime acuminatis repandulis, postico sat minore 
inzegualiter bilobo vel medio margine spina aucto; bracteola late ovalis 
ad medium fere bifida, segmentis tenul-acuminatis integerrimis. 

Perianthia alte emersa, foliis fere 4plo longiora, cylindracea levissima ex 
apice rotundato rostellata, demum breviter 5-fida. 

Fr. macrocephala L. et L. perianthia (ac im nostra) ecarinata-ovata vero, 
nec cylindrica—habet; foliis longe acuminatis primo visu differt. 

TRANS. BOT. SOC, EDIN. VOL. XV. G 


50 FRULLANIA. [ THYOPSIELLA 


37. FRULLANIA BRASILIENSIS, Raddi. 
Crypt. Brasil. in Mem. di Modena, t. xix. 


Hab. In Andibus Quitensibus et Peruvianis sylvaticis, alt. 1000-2500, 
sat frequens, ad arborum et fruticum ramos. 

F 10x ‘6, lob 1°5, ¢ Ao—gy; f'* 65 x 5; br 1°5; per 2°75 x "75™™, 

Elata rufescens stratificata, procumbens y. ex p. pendula. Caules 3-6- 
pollicares bipinnati v. pinnatim decompositi. 

Folia subimbricata, angulo fere recto divergentia, subplana v. caviuscula, 
e basi obliqua semicordata (auricula antica circinata) oblonga, apice 
rotundato apiculata; lobulus 4plo brevior cauli contiguus cylindricus, 
sepe evolutus subulatus canaliculatus ; cellule subminute opace, 
pariete incrassato, subbasales medize multo majores discolores v. fere 
concolores. 

Foliola haud 2plo breviora contigua late oblonga basi sinuato-con- 
stricta longiuscule auriculato - cordata—vel subsagittata—apice ad 
4-4 alt. bifida, segmentis apiculatis cucullato-recurvis, margine 
toto anguste valide recurvo. 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales; bracteze 3-4-jugze, intime f. caulinis dimidio 
majores suberectee parum ineequilobe, acuminulatee vel solum acutee 
apiculateeve, lobis anticis dente uno alterove spinulosis, lobulis cum 
bracteola plus minus alte connata parce spinuloso-dentatis lacini- 
atisve. ; 

Perianthia bracteas fere duplo superantia, basi rufa apice albido-viridia 
flavidave, e basi conica cylindracea ecarinata, ex apice turgido 
rotundato longirostria, demum ore plurifida. Calyptra basin versus 
6-cell. crassa, superne sensim tenuior. Capsula globosa exserta. 
Pedicellus cellulis pluristratis conformibus constans. 

Amenta, framigena folio axillari longiora compresso-globosa, basi foliis 
paucis rudimentariis stipata; bracteze propriz sub 6-jugee arctissime 
equitantes subopposite, fere dolabriformes subturgidee aequilobe, 
Antheridia bina majuscula tenuissime pedicellata. Bracteole lineares 
bidentate hinc v. seepe utrinque bracteis connate. 

Obs. In montibus totius Americ tropicee valde abundat. Fr. Brasili- 
ensis; in planitiebus mullibi (quantum scio) invenitur. Varietates 
innumeras cognoscimus; sequentes tres ipse legi. 

Var. cylindrica (Fr. cylindrica Gotts.) subvar. Lindigii Gotts. Hep. N. 
Granat. 77. Folia ovata ovatove-oblonga, apice valide decurvo 
subobtuso minute apiculata. Foliola submajora fere orbiculata. 
Bractez svepe basi liberze, bracteolaque margine laciniatee. Perianthia 
apice demum 3-5-fida. Hab. Andes Quit. juxta fl. Pastasa, loco 
Loca del Rio Verde. Cum exemplaribus Novo-Granatensibus a Lindigio 
lectis, in herb. amicissimi Lindbergii asservatis, perfecte congruit.— 
Forma heterocalyx adest perianthiis maturis fructiferisque, aliis ultra 
bracteas vix emergentibus, apice v. etiam fere a basi obtuse trigonis 
triplicatisve sensim rostratis, aliis (in eadem stirpe) forma cylindrica 
elongata normali. Talia perianthia abbreviata pro more in caulis 
apice corymbose congesta sunt. 

Var. elegantula 8. Tenella eleganter bipinnata, vel magis elongata ramis 
paucioribus ineequilongis. Folia semicordato-ovata ovatove-oblonga 
apice parum decurvo acuta obtusave—nunquam apiculata, Foliola 
basi perobseure biauriculata. Flores @ ad ramos ramulosque superi- 
ores terminales, creberrimi; bractearum lobuli bifidi sublaciniati— 


THYOPSIELLA | FRULLANIA. 51 


interdum fere «qualiter 4-fidi; bracteolee segmenta integerrima vel 
sublaciniata. Perianthia iis F, brasiliensis conformia, apice demum 
sub 8-fida.—Hab. in montibus Chimborazo et Azuay.—Pro specie 
propria fere habenda. 

Var.! robusta 8S. Elata rufo-badia-nigrescensve. Folia submajora apice 
fere cucullato minutissime apiculata v. sepe mutica. Bractese 
integerrimz vy. subspinulosze. Perianthia alte emersa fusiformi- 
cylindrica apicem latum versus obscure trisulea.—Hab. in monte 
Tunguragua. 


38. FRULLANIA CLOSTERANTHA, Spruce. 


Hab. In fl. Pastasa ripis, ad fl. Verde ostia, alt. 1400™, ramicola. 

F 8x ‘55, lob °35, ¢ 35, f ramea ‘5, lob 15; f -6x°45,-7x°55; br 146— 
2°05; per 4:0 x 1:0™2. 

Plantz graciles 1}-3-pollicares, facie Ir. Brasiliensis var. elegantule, 
concinne bipinnate et in frondem latam expansive. 

Folia subimbricata planiuscula vel concava divergentia, oblique semi- 
cordato-oblonga-ovaliave, ex abrupto apice apiculata—ramea apiculo 
longiore cuspidata ; lobulus fere semper explicatus subulatus, raro 
{ramulorum) conico-cylindricus erectus folio plus triplo brevior ; 
cellulee parvee, pariete incrassato. 

Foliola sat magna (=folii {—2) obovato-oblonga, basi anguste hastatim- 
cordata, margine toto valide recurvo, apice ad 3-4 bifida, segmentis 
reeurvis apiculato-acutis. 

Flores dioici: 2 terminales. Bracteze 3-4-jugee arcte imbricata concave, 
is Fr. Brasiliensis sat similes, intime cuspidato-acuminatee paucispine, 
lobulo inqualiter bifido; bracteola cum altera bractea leniter 
connata—vel seepe adnata, nempe intra ejus marginem eidem adfixa— 
ovali-lanceolata, ad 4 fere bifida, subspinosa, segmentis acuminatis. 

Perianthia primum subinclusa demum alte emersa, foliis 4-5-plo longiora, 
tenui-fusiformia, haud teretia sed valde obtuse trigona, apicem sensim 
rostratum versus magis distincte trisulca, demum ore 4-8-fida. 
Calyptra plus duplo brevior, inferne cellulis 4—5-stratis conflata. 
Pedicellus sat longe exsertus, demum (capsula globosa evacuata) 
deflexus. 


Obs. Anne eadem ac Fr. triquetra L. et G. Syn. Hep. 780, in Mexico 
lecta; que tamen nomini male respondet, quum perianthia haud 
“triquetra” descripta sunt, sed “ovata apice valde attenuata, dorso ad 
apicem vel sulcata vel obsolete carinata ventre obtuse unicarinata.” 
Eperianthii forma, caule simpliciter pinnato, ete. diversam speciem 
censerem.—Fr. Triane G. Hep. Novo-Granat. p. 79—a cl. auctore in- 
complete descripta—differre videtur foliis breviapiculatis, et bracteis 
solum apiculatis—nee cuspidato-acuminatis, ac in nostra.—Fr. Bey- 
richiana, foliis margine postico recurvis—nec toto ambitu incurvis, 
facile distincta. 

Var. hylonoma S.—F 1:0x ‘7, lob °3; f -65 x °55, -4x ‘32°; br 13x °45; 
br’ 1:2 x -6™".—Elatior pendula 3-6-pollicaris tripinnata. Folia 
majora, brevius apiculata, lobulo pro ratione minore semper fere 
evoluto. Foliola foliis duplo fere breviora oblonga basi sinuato- 
biauriculata. Bracteze minores quam in typo, lobulis idem ac 
bracteolze segmentis laciniato-ciliatis—In monte Abitagua sylvee 
Canelos, ad arbores, sterilis. 


52 FRULLANIA. [ THYOPSIELLA 


39. FRULLANIA RIGESCENS, Spruce. 


Hab. In monte Lamas Andium Peruvie, alt. 750™, inter fruticulos ad 
terram saxosam. 

F 12x1-°0, lob 2, ¢ 4-sy; f'* °75x ‘8; br 18-20; per 30x 1-:0™. 

Elata badia sioaparacrehre rigidula dense suberecte czespitosa. Caules 
3-4-pollicares, 2-3-pinnati, ramis ramulisque valde ineequilongis, his 
seepe decurvo-squarrosis. 

Folia confertim imbricata semicordato-oblongo-rotunda apice decurvo 
obtusata minutissime apiculata, auricula antica magna margine 
crispa; lobulus posticus minutus (lobo 6plo brevior) semper fere 
evolutus subulatus, rarissime secus ramulornm apicem  saccatus 
conico-cylindricus ; cellule parvee, plurime basin versus majores 
discolores (,4,"™, flavide). 

Foliola majuscula imbricata orbiculata, basi abrupte angustata deorsum 
in auriculas duas parvas producta, apice ad } usque acute bifida, 
segmentis late ovatis acutis subapiculatisve, margine subrecurvo. 

Flores dioici : 9 terminales in ramo svepe brevi. Bracteze 5-juge confer- 
tissime appresse, intimee foliis sub-majores concavee subconnatz vel 
liberze, lobis ovatis acutis longe apiculatis spinulosis, lobulis (szepe 
bifidis) ut et segmentis bracteole magne ovate bifidee acuminulatis 
laciniatis, laciniis longissimis flexuosis. Bracteole exteriores bifidee 
dein profundissime laciniatze vel potius pinnatifidee. 

Perianthia alte emersa fusiformia, a basi ultra medium subteretia, superne 
obtuse 3-4-gona, vel melius 3—4- plicata, sensim in rostellum attenuata 
(i.e. apice subulata), demum 4-fida. 

Ramus § interdum elongatus, innovando 2-4-florus. 

Var. mollicula. Tenuior, mollior, magis zqualiter bipinnata. Folia 

- laxiora sublongiora. Bracteze pro more integerrime ; bracteola raro 
lacinia una alterave armata—In monte Campana, Lamas parum 
distante. 


FRULLANIA CLANDESTINA (M. et N). 


Lejeunea clandestina M. et N. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1836); Fruilania el. G. L. 
et N. Syn. Hep. 457. 


Hab. Rio Verde (Pastasa) ad frutices, cum F. Brasilienst. Planta ¢ sola. 
F9x'9, cts; f 75x85; lob f, :25™™, 


Elata valida e pallido rufescens, 4-5-pollicaris, bi- et sub tri-pinnata. 

Folia subimbricata oblique semicordato-orbiculata vel-subovato-orbiculata 
(tam lata quam longa) concava, margine toto incurvulo, apice sub- 
cucullata minuteque tenui- apiculata ; ; lobulus fere 4plo brevior cauli 
contiguus parallelus, semper saccatus ovalis; cellule parvee rhom- 
boideo-oblonge toto ambitu valde incrassate, intus 6-sinuatee, fere 
vacuze, basin versus paulo majores discoloresque. Lobulus nunquam 
evolutus, tectus.—Folia ramea longius apiculata, lobulo pro ratione 
majore ovali-conico ; omnia siccando convolutiva. 

foliola perpaulo minora oblato-orbiculata, basi lata cordata suberispula 
non autem sinuata, apice brevi-emarginata, sinu late triangulari 
obtuso, segmentis prelatis apiculato-acutis sed e margine toto re- 
curvulo mutica videantur, a basi ad apicem usque late unisulea, 


as 


THYOPSIELLA | FRULLANIA. 53 


Amenta ¢ ramulo brevi (ad ramos primarios secundariosve) constantia, 
folio axillari sublongiora ; bracteze 3-5-jugze arcte equitantes navicu- 
lares subzequaliter bilobze, lobis late semilunatis acuminulato-acutis. 

Cum descr. F. clandestine Syn. Hep. congruit quoad folia, foliola 
magna brevissime emarginata, etc.; in illa tamen lobulus interdum 

evolutus invenitur, quod 1 in nostra nunquam vidi. 

Quum tamen omnes Frullanie eodem modo plus minus variabiles, vix 
pro distinctione habendum est. 


41. FRULLANIA SABANETICA, Gottsche. 
Hepat. Novo-Granat. p. 76. 


Hab. In monte Guayrapata Andium Quitensium, ad ramulos. In 
Andibus Granatensibus ad Sabaneta a cl. Linpie antea inventa. 

HAG -75, lob 3, egw 3 f* “75x55 br 3:0; per’ 3-6™™, 

Ceespitoso-pendula e viridi rufo-atra; caules 3—-6-pollicares laxe bipin- 
nati. 

Folia subimbricata ovato-oblonga, basi semicordata, ex subacuto decurvo 
apice tenui-apiculata, margine supero anguste involuto; lobulus 
4plo brevior tenuis cauli subcontiguus fereque parallelus clavato- 
eylindricus, interdum _ evolutus lanceolatus acuminatus ; ; cellule 
parvee opacee subelongatze intus conspicue 6-sinuate, inferiores sensim 
majores. 

Foliola subdimidio minora subimbricata rectangulayi-oblonga—e media 
basi canaliculata alisque ibidem recurvis subcuneata videntur—apice 
triangulari ad } acute bifida, laciniarum margine anguste revoluto. 

Flores dioici: Q terminales. Bracteze sub 4-jugze distiche subrecurvo- 
patulee, intime foliis fere triplo longiores liber, lobis anticis tenut- 
acuminulatis, lobulis ut et bracteolee profunde bifidee segmentis lobis 
eequilongis tenuissime acuminatis, e margine revoluto canaliculatis, 
integerrimis vel basin versus unidentatis. 

Perianthia magna emersa e rufo nigrescentia fusiformi-prismatica trigona 
compressa, facie antica convexa medio sulcata, angulis lateralibus 
devexis. Perianthium juvenile basi_ viride, apice ruberrimum, 
maturum tamen totum nigrescens. Calyptra pyriformis, dimidio 
infero subeylindrica 6 cellulas crassa, ibidem papillis paucis intus 
aucta (ad Kantie Trichomanis fere instar), apice demum bi-raro tri- 
valvis. Pedicellus perianthio subduplo longior. Capsula ad } semi- 
circumferentize usque fissa; valvulee facie interna papillis inwequi- 
longis consperse. 


Cum descriptione cel. Gottschei, 1. c. et preecipue cum dimensionibus 
datis bene congruit ; solum quoad foliola plante Lindigiane “ ovato- 
rotunda” paulo differat. 


42. FRULLANIA FLEXICAULIS, Spruce. 


Hab. In Andibus Quitensibus loco non citato (JAMESON), in monte 
Mulmiél, alt. 3000™, supra frutices vetustos, ipse legi. 


F 1:1x1-0, 1°2x 1°15, lob :35—°4x ‘15, ¢c AA; f'™ 8x65, 6 x-4; br 


a 


L5-1°7, br’ 16X11; per 25x 115, #5 x 2-0mm, 
Rufo-nigricans badiave, apice virescens, cespitoso-pendula. Caules 3-4- 


Dt FRULLANIA. [ THYOPSIELLA 


pollicares penduli, flexuosi, inequaliter pinnati, pinnis brevibus, aliis 
pinnulatis, floribundi. 

Volia dissita v. subimbricata valde decurva—siccando convolutiva, late 
cordato-ovata rotundata, vel fere orbiculata, mutica, repandula, antice 
caulem late transeuntia ; lobulus cauli contiguus, folio 3plo brevior 
cylindrico-campanulatus, ore compresso rotundato-bilabiato ; cellule 
parvee pachydermes subpellucidee, paucee inferiores majores. 

Foliola paulo breviora, dissita, ovato-vel cuneato-oblonga ad } bifida, 
rima angusta, segmentis subacutis, subcarinata, alis recurvis, margine 
ipso subplano repando, basi decurrenti-amplexantia, sinuato-subhas- 
tata. 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales. Bracteze 4-jugze, intime foliis sat majores, 
liberee, lobo ovato rotundato obtusatove concavo integerrimo vel 
interne unidentato, lobulo angustiore inzequaliter bifido bracteolaeque 
subrhombee carinats seementis longe acuminatis profunde laciniatis, 
laciniis tenuibus flexuosis seepe iterum lacinulatis. 

Perianthia nigrescentia alte emersa, ovali-fusiformia vel subobovata, alte 
triquetra, ex abrupto subtruncato apice valde longirostria, carinis 
lateralibus valde devexis. 

Fr. paradoca, L. et L. (Syn. Hep. 463), quoad bractearum lobulum 
lacero-ciliatum nostre aflinis, differt lobo antico magno apice acute 
dentato, et fol. caulinorum lobulis crassis.—Ir. ulotricha, Tayl., Lond. 
Journ. 1846, p. 405 (Syn. Hep. 780) differt foliis longioribus, oblongo- 
oyatis et bractearum lobo acuto.—F’r. Deppit, Gottsche, e terris Mexicanis, 
fronde multo magig, dilatata, pinnis tripinnatis, gaudet ; lobulo multo 
altiore (=lobi 3, a ubi explanatus invenitur, lobo equialto), lobulis 
involucri solum serrato-dentatis. 


43. FRULLANIA H&MATOCYSTA, Spruce. 


Hab. Pallatanga Andium Quitensium, alt. 1800™, ad arbores. 

eS 100 G, iC ae sy? aD ec 

Cespites depressi lati nigro-sanguinei. Caules 2—3-pollicares stratificati 
pinnati vel subbipinnati, ramis brevibus inequilongis. 

Folia late imbricata suboblique late cordato-ovata triangulari-acuta 
apiculatave, decurvo-concava ; lobulus duplo brevior, crasse cylin- 
dricus vel subclavatus, ore obliquo cauli subcontiguus, dein angulo 
sub 30° divergens ; cellulze mediocres equilateree, pariete incrassato, 
medi intus intense coloratee, ad auriculam anticam minores ecolor- 
ateque. 

Foliola contigua dimidio folio longiora orbiculata, basi subdecurrente 
caulem amplexantia, apice breviter emarginata, dentibus acutis con- 
niventibus, medio canaliculata, margine inferne valide recurvo. 

Flores ? 

A Fr. flexicauli, 8., subaffini, differt foliis acutis, lobulo majore et 
crassiore, et foliolis duplo fere latioribus. 


DIASTALOBA | FRULLANIA, 50 


Suscenus 6.—DIASTALOBA, S&. 


Sectio (s. subgenus) Frullaniw, habitu proprio pusillo tenello, 
preecipueque foliis minus profunde fissis (unde lobulus haud ex ipsa 
folii basi sed ad folii altitudinis {-} oritur, cauleque seepissime divergit) 
distincta. 


Plantz pusillz rufescentes, raro viridulee, arcte repentes, sparse (in F’r. 
exilt procumbentes  substratificatee) pinnate bipinnatzeve, aliis 
ramulis seepe microphyllis. 

Folia imbricata tenuia subplana vel caviuscula, ovata (raro semicordata) 
rotundata vel seepe apiculata integerrima, ab apice ad 3—? bi- (tri-) 
loba ; lobulus a caule dissitus pro more obliquus, brevi-cylindricus— 
raro” galeiformis, interlobulo triangulari sepe adjecto; cellule 
plerumque parve, pariete incrassato, raro paucee inferiores majores in 
ocellum aggregate. 

Foliola $ folium subequantia, subplana, seepe angusta, raro rotunda, ad 
dy. raro ad 3 bifida, segmentis acutis, integerrima. 

Flores plerumque monoici: @ terminales. Bracteze 2-5-jugee, com- 
plicatee, ad Scapanie instar distiche patule, apice solo decurvule, 
increscentes, intime foliis plus duplo longiores, paulo ineequilobee, 
lobis omnibus szepius acuminatis, lobulis idem ac bracteolee bifidee 
segmentis plerumque plus minus incisis raro integerrimis. 

Perianthia pro plantulis magna pyriformia, interdum obcordata, triquetra, 
rostellata, rarissime (e. carmis lateralibus ut videtur duplicatis) 
5-carinata, in uniea sp. pluricarinata. 

Bractee ¢ 3-4-juge, vel ramulo proprio compresso-globoso tenentes, 
vel medio ramo foliis consecutive. 


Hab. In cortice, perseepe alias hepaticas, Frullanias precipue, in- 
festans. 


Distr. Species sub 25 cognovimus, in terris tropicis australibusque 
totis dispersas, unicam (fr. Carolinianam Sull.) in America boreali 
temperata, nullam in Europa. Ipse "perpaucas legi, alias in sylvis 
Amazonicis, submaritimis preecipue, alias in Andibus inferioribus, vix 
supra 1500™ alt. ascendentes. 


A. Flores monoict. 


44, Fr, exilis—Rigidula plumeformi-pinnata. F. imbricata oblique ovata 
abrupte minute apiculata, lobulo 3-4plo breviore clavato-oblongo 
dissito cauli subparallelo; c. minute, paucz subbasales magne. 
Foliola duplo breviora orbiculata fere ad $ bifida. Br. 3-juge, 
intime lobulis bracteoleeque segmentis acuminatis, basi 1-2 
laciniatis. Per. majuscula subpyriformia triquetra abrupte longi- 
rostria. 

45. Fr. compsotera.—Caules debiles pinnati, aliis ramis microphyllis. F. 
imbricata ovato-rotunda, lobulo triplo breviore distante subobliquo 
clavato-oblongo, ¢. parvulis. Foliola duplo minora subrotunda 
angulata fere ad + bifida, segmentis acutis. Br. 5-jugee, intime 
lobulis subacuminatis basi subdentatis ; bracteola longe oblonga 
carinata ad 4 bifida, segmentis subacuminatis, integerrima. Per. 
subemersa pyriformia rotundata longirostria triquetra. 


3! FRULLANIA. [ DIASTALOBA 

| Fr. obcordata.—Parvula tenera pellucida subpinnata. F. arcte imbricata 
late elliptica suborbiculatave, lobulo distante diagonali clavato 
papuloso. Folola parva subovata ultra } acute bifida. Br. intimee 
distiche patulze subineequilobee, lobis apiculatis interdum subserratis ; 
bracteola profunde bifida integerrima. Per. subemersa obcordata 
triquetra rostellata.—Brasilia. | 

46. Fr. subtilissima.—Gracillima subbipinnata, ramis raro microphyllis. F. 
subimbricata ovata acuta, lobulo dissito obliquo longe oblongo 
pellucido-reticulato, ¢. parvis subbasalibus majoribus discoloribus. 
Foliola plus duplo breviora lanceolato-oblonga ad 4 acute bifida. 
Br. 3-jugee, intimee lobulis bracteolaque bifida incisis. Per. pro 
plantula maxirha pyriformia triquetra retusula brevirostria. 


B. Flores dioice. 
[ Fr. myosota.—Hook. f. et Tayl. Lond. J. Bot. 1844, 393. Crebre pinnata, 
pinnis plurimis microphyllis. F. subrotunda valde concava, lobulo 
clistante parvo brevi-clavato valde obliquo. Foliola cuneato-rotunda 
ad 4 bifida, segmentis acutis. Br. bijuge integerrime, lobis 
omnibus cuspidatis. Per. magna pyriformia alte 5-carinata.—Nova 
Zeelandia. | 
47. Fr. duricaulis.—Caules rigidi opaci laxe pinnati. F. prelate orbiculata 
mutica, lobulo distante brevi-cylindrico obliquo. Foliola angusta 
lineari-oblonga ad 4 bifida. 


44, FRULLANIA EXILIS, Tay]l. 
Lond. Journ. Bot. 1846, p. 405 ; ‘Syn. Hep.’ 778. 


Hab. Cirea urbem Pard, variis locis, insula Marajé, etc., nusquam a mari 
remota, in arboribus, preecipueque palmarum truncis. Guiana 
anglica (hb. Greville). 

F 6x°45, lob 15-2, ¢ yzio-dh; fi 38x °4, °25x°25; br 1°2°; per 
TS x< ga 

Pusilla rufo-fusea stratificata ; caules 13-pollicares procumbentes crebre 
pinnati, seepe plumeeformes, ramis breviusculis apice attenuatis, 
decurvo-subsecundis, siccando julaceis. 

Folia imbricata (caulina ad 3, ramea ad $ lat. usque) late oblique (vel 
subsemi-) ovata, basi subcordata, ex apice subobtuso decurvulo minute 
apiculata ; lobulus 3—4plo brevior a caule dissitus, clavato-oblongus, 
cauli parallelus v. apice divergens ; cellule: minute et minutissime, 
pariete valde incrassato, 10-12 inter folii basin et lobuli orificium 
ceteris multoties majores, centro pellucidie, ocellum sistentes. 

Foliola foliis subduplo breviora subimbricata orbiculata (ob marginem in- 
ferum recurvum ad speciem late cuneata), fere ad 4 acute bifida, 
laciniis divergentibus acuminulatis. 

Flores monoici: 9 terminales. Bractec sub 3-juge, intime foliis duplo 
majores subineequilobee, lobis subacuminatis, posticis bracteoleeque 
ad 4 bifidee segmentis acuminatis basi ipsa 1-2-laciniatis, ceeterum 
integerrimis. 

Perianthia pro plantula majuscula subemersa rufa subpyriformia, vel e 
basi obeconica oblonga, triquetra, abrupte Jongirostria, faciebus 
omnibus concavis. Calyptra duplo brevior pyriformis tenuiuscula, 
basin versus 2 cell., medio supero solum 1 cell. crassa, ab apice ad 
medium usque ineequaliter 4-valvis. 


DIASTALOBA | FRULLANIA. 57 


Amenta ¢ rami apicem mediumve tenentia ; bracteze foliis consecutiva, 
sensim minores, 3-4-juge, equitantes subsequilobee. 


Obs. Folium a basi ad }-4 ejus longit., i. e. ad sacculi insertionem 
usque, plica perangusta (pro lobuli parte basali habenda) auctum. 
Cellule subpellucidze, utriculo seepe collapso lineari sinuato, medize Ay™™ 
long, axiales omnes elongate, ceeteree marginem versus multo minores 
(2>-z40™) subrhombe, ocelli basalis magnz magis pellucidee. 


45. FRULLANIA COMPSOTERA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad fl. Pastasa superiorem, alt. 1500™, in arbusculis, 
supra alias Frullanias repens. 

7x5, lob “2; c 3; f* 35 x °35; br 15 x "75, br 1°25 x °6; per 1:65 x 
9; caps “65, elateres *4™™, 

Pusilla, e viridi rufescens. Caules }-1-pollicares prostrati debiles 
pinnati, ramulis plus minus microphyllis. 

Folia imbricata patula decurvula oblique ovato-rotunda mutica, rarissime 
subacuta, repandula; lobulus a basi ad lobi alt. 4 usque ad plicam 
angustissimam—medio processum triangularem proferentum, vel 
non—redactus, dein liber lobo triplo brevior clavato - oblongus 
incurvus, cauli parallelus vel plerumque suboblique ascendens, 
subinde evolutus lanceolatus; cellule pleraeque parvulee eequilateree, 
pariete ad angulos incrassato. 

.Foliola subimbricata foliis duplo minora subrotunda ad $ fere acute 
bifida, segmentis acutis, margine angulato-repanda raro utrinque 
unidentata. 

Flores monoici: 9 terminales. Bractee 5-juge distiche patule, arcte 
imbricat, sensim increscentes, intimz foliis duplo longiores com- 
plicatze ad medium fere bilobee; lobus ovali-lanceolatus acuminulatus 
subintegerrimus ; lobulus paulo brevior duplo angustior oblique 
triangulari - lanceolatus subacuminatus basi sepe subdentatus ; 
bracteola hinc breviter connata, anguste oblonga complicato-carinata 
ad 4 bifida, segmentis subacuminatis, integerrima vel utrinque 1- 
dentata. 

Perianthia subemersa pyriformia apice rotundato longius rostellata 
triquetra, faciebus lateralibus canaliculatis. Capsula in pedicello 
perianthio duplo longiore majuscula globosa pallide ruta, valvulis 
ovali-lanceolatis recurvo - patulis, intus papulosis et ab apice ultra 
medium elateribus elongatis unispiris obsitis. 

Amenta gcrebra cauligena, folio caulino duplo breviora, compresso- 
globosa; bracteze 3-jugee arcte imbricate concave, lobis subsemicir- 
cularibus ad apicem fere usque connafis. Adsunt bracteole. 


Fr. gymnotis Mont., proxima, folia habet orbiculata, superiora apiculata; 
bractearum lobulos serratos. 

Fr. subtilissima Lindenb. foliis duplo minoribus ovatis interdum sub- 
acuminulatis ; foliolis multo angustioribus lanceolato-oblongis ; lobulis 
bractearum incisis serratisve, distat. 

Frullania myosota Tayl. hb.! (in ins. Auckland, supra Madothecam 
arctissime repens, ab Hook. f. lecta), nostra aflinis, magis robusta est, 
valde ramulosa, ramulis plurimis microphyllis, paucis normaliter foliosis 
apice floriferis (2). Folia pellucida subrotunda valde concava mutica, 
lobulo parvo brevi-clavato distante valde obliquo. Foliola cuneato- 


TRANS. BOT, SOC. EDIN., VOL, XY. H 


5S FRULLANIA. [ DIASTALOBA 


rotunda ad 4 acute bifida, segmentis acutis. Flores dioici. Bractez 
bijuge foliis sat majores, lobo elongato obovato-ligulato, lobulo angustiore, 
omnibus lobis apice ineurvo cuspidatis; bracteola angusta profunde 
bifida, segmentis rectis subulatis acuminatis, hinc connata. Perianthia 
magna pyriformia, basi attenuata, compressula alte 5-carinata, facie antica 
lata depressa. 

Obs. The perianth seems to have become 5-angled (from 3-angled) by 
the duplication of the lateral keels, for all five keels belong to the convex. 
postical face ; while the broad, plane, or depressed antical face is entirely 
ecarinate. 

Fr. myosota is referred by Mitten, in Hooker’s Handbook of the New 
Zealand Flora, to Fr. ptychantha Mont. The latter is, however, described 
by himself, and by the authors of the ‘Syn. Hepat.’ to have obovato- 
cuneate leaves.and a 9-plicate perianth, and must therefore be distinct 
from the “ Fr. myosota” I had trom Taylor himself. 

Fr. pentapleura H. f. et T. (Handb. Fl. N. Z. 537) might seem, from the 
name, to be the same as our Fr, myosota, but is in reality far removed by 
the semi-orbicular leaf-lobules. 


46. FRULLANIA SUBTILISSIMA, Lindenb. 


Syn. Hep. 443 ; Fr. atrata 6 subtilissima M. et. N. Ann. Se. 1840, p. 333. 

Hab. Ad fluvii Negro cataractas, in cortice ; etiam ad Caripi, prope Pard, 
supra Lejewneas repens (R. 8.) Guiana Gallica (LEPRIEUR). 

F °35x°'25, lob :15, ¢ Aas fi °15x 08; br “8-9 longa; br**. 
"75 x ‘45 5 per 115x°6; caps °3™™, 

Gracillima rufeseens, tenui strato arcte repens. Caules pollicares laxe 
pinnati et subbipinnati, ramis brevibus, raro superne microphyllis. 

Folia pellucida subimbricata patula decurvula oblique ovata abrupte sub- 
acuta vel brevissime acuminulata, basi antica dilatata caulem haud 
transeuntia ; lobulus ad } lobi altitudinis adstans obliquus saccatus 
elongato-oblongus pulchre reticulatus, processu_ triangulari inter 
lobulum et caulem plerumque interjecto ; cellule parvee, pariete 
incrassato intus sinuato, pellucidee, subbasales paulo majores longior- 
esque coloratee. 

Foliola plus duplo breviora, caule vix latiora, lanceolata vel rectangulari- 
oblonga, fere plana, ad 4 acute bifida, segmentis acutis. 

Flores monoici : 2 incaule ramisque terminales. Bracteee 3-jugee sensim 
increscentes, intimee foliis plus duplo longiores erecto-patulee compli- 
catee paulo ultra $ bilobie, lobis oblongis subacuminatis, lobulo paulo 
minore grosse inciso ; bracteola hine cum bractea connata cuneato- 
oblonga, ad 4 bifida, segmentis subacuminatis, margine incisa, 

Perianthia foliis plus triplo longiora rufa pyriformia retusula brevi- 
rostellata alte acute trigona, demum triloba. Capsula foliis fere 
equilonga globosa, profunde 4-fida, ad medium usque ab apice 
elateribus validis obsita. 

Andrcecia ramulo brevi plerumque constantia. 


Obs. Ir. subtilissima Syn. Hep. eadem species videretur, descripta est 
autem “ foliis cordato-ovatis,” “lobulis horizontaliter vel oblique a caule 
distantibus,” quum in nostra folia basi vix cordata, lobulique etiamsi 
obliqui nunquam horizontales. Quoad involucrum serratum ete. sat 
bene conveniunt. 


DIASTALOPA | FRULLANIA. 59 


47, FRULLANIA DURICAULIS, Spruce. 


Hab. Caripi, prope Pard, in aliis hepaticis supra truncos repens. 
F +45 x°55, lob “15, ¢ Js 3 fit -2x-1™™, 
Pusilla purpureo-badia. Caules pollicares validi rigidi opaci (rubri) 
flexuosi laxe pinnati et subbipinnati, ramis brevibus, nullis micro- 
. phyllis. 
Folia dissita vel subimbricata caviuscula oblique suborbiculata, latiora 
quam longa, mutica, antice caulem transeuntia, vix semicordata, ad 
# biloba ; lobulus 3-plo brevior obliquus brevi-cylindricus curvulus, 
processu triangulari inter lobulum et caulem ; cellule fere minutule, 
inferiores paucee majores discoloresque. 
Foliola plus duplo breviora, caulo vix latiora, lineari-oblonga ad } bifida, 
~ -segmentis erectis subacutis, basi recurva apice incurvantia. 
Flores haud visi, sine dubio dioici. 


. Fr. Martiana G. Syn. Hep. 448, nostree ob folia transverse orbiculata 
similis, differt lobnlis clavatis et foliolis ovatis. 


Il. JUBULA, Dumort. 


Jubula Dum. Syll. 36 (1823), § 1.. Jubulotypus, excl. § 2. 
Ascolobium. Frullania, Raddi; Nees et Syn. Hep. 

Plante speciose virescentes elatiuscule prostrate implexe et sub- 
stratificate, dichotome vel pinnatim ramosz. Cellule caulis 8 in 
diametro, c. corticales sub 32-seriate, facie quadrate vel rectangu- 
lares, internis vix diverse nisi breviores et opaciores. Folia majus- 
cula incuba bipartita ; /obus anticus sat latus planus, ad lineam 
diagonalem super caulem incurrentem insertus, pro more pulchre 
dentato-spinosus ciliatusve ; /obulus minutus saccatus, a caule spatio 
sub 5 cell. distans, replicatus patensve, basi externa spina tenui 
calearatus (in var. inermis), haud raro evolutus lanceolatus acu- 
minatus; cellule parvule mediocresve subequilatere, ambitu opace, 
pariete autem tenni. Foldwm axillare (ad rami originem) ex p. caule, 
ex p. ramo insidens ; lobulus 0 vel (ubi revera adsit) a lobo distans, 
ramo solo accretus. Foliola duplo breviora, plana, subrotunda, 
bifida, paucispina integerrimave. Fores monoici: ? innovationibus 
duabus oppesitis—raro una sola—suffulti. Bractew unijuge com- 
plicatee ineequilobe, utraque innovationi subflorali adnata, a bracteola 
bipartita carinata liber. Pistillidia tenuia, perseepe solitaria binave, 
rarissime 3-4-na. Perianthia trigono-obpyramidata, vix rostellata, 
ubique inermia. Calyptra napeformis, dimidio infero late tubularis 
2 vel 3 cell. crassa, supero abrupte subglobosa tenuis. Pedicellus 


60 J UBULA. 


perianthio subduplo longior, sat crassus, tener, cellulis oppositis 
bistratis 20-seriatis—axialibus majoribus 4—seriatis (interstitiis crucis 
figuram ostendentibus), corticalibus parvulis 16-seriatis oblongo- 
tabulatis conflatus ; apice autem in capsule basin insigniter dilatatus, 
carnosus pallidus, pedicelli apophysin (forma sphere segmentum) 
sistens, vertice ipso (7.¢., facie supera) cellulis quadratis pluriseriatis, 
al lineas diagonales cruciatas ordinatis constans. Capsula globosa, 
a basi ad + (vel ad 4 fere) semicircumferentiz—sc. ad apophysis 
apicem usque—integra, deinde quadrivalvis ; valvule rufo-badiz 
valid recurve, tota fere facie interna (subrugosa) elateriferee ; cellule 
valvularum bistrate, exteriores tabulate pachydermes, incrassationes 
validas ad latera monstrantes; c¢. strati interioris multo minores, 
compress, toto ambitu flavido-incrassate, cavitate pellucida, unde 
valvule poris magnis perforate videantur. Elateres 50-56 cujusque 
valvul, prelongi tenuiusculi, basi angusta adfixi, apice lato truncato 
obtuse quadrato, helice sat valido arctius contorto, folliculo tenuissimo 
cito dissoluto. Spore elateribus duplo latiores, minute tuberculose. 
Andrecia ramulis spiceformibus constantia; bractese diandre. 

Habitatio et Distributio. Species unica, sat variabilis, hucusque 
cognita in saxis humectatis umbrosis crescit. In Hibernia austro- 
occidentali clarissima Miss Hurcuins eam primum reperit ; nuperius 
in Britanniz variis locis, juxta oras occidentales, inventa est, necnon 
in America boreali, subtropica precipue (Virginia, Carolina, Mexico). 
Per terras tropicas totas dispersa videretur, rara tamen. Ipse prope 
Killarney Hibernie etiam ad pedem montis Tunguragua Andium 
Quitensium legi, 


» This fine genus is certainly distinct from both Frullania and Lejeunea, 
and is in some respects intermediate between the two genera. It agrees 
with Lejewnea in the bracts of the female flower being adnate to sub- 
floral ramuli (or innovations),—a character not found in any Frullania ; 
also in the incurrent (not transverse) leaves, whose spinoso-dentate 
margin quite recals the subgenus Odonto-Lejeunea, and has no parallel in 
frullania ; nor are there distinct trigones at the cellular angles, as in every 
Frullania. The pedicel agrees exactly with that of Lejewnea in consisting 
of two concentric strata of conterminous (not alternate) cells, arranged so 
as to form a cross on the transverse section of the pedicel (4 axial, and 16 
stnaller peripheral series of cells); only the apex of the pedicel is more 
dilated than in any Lejeunea, shewing a quadrate, plane, or slightly 
concave surface, traversed by a great number of diagonal lines (the limits 
of the quadrate cells) crossing at right angles. On the longest diagonals, 
viz., those joining the basal angles of opposite valves, I have counted in 
a capsule of inordinate size as many as 32 cells, and they are never fewer 
than 22; besides a few minute thickened cells set at each angle, like a 
gusset, with the effect of preventing any rupture of the apophysis below 


J UBULA. 61 


the valves. But in Frullania the cylindrical portion of the pedicel con- 
sists of four concentric strata of alternating cells (7.e., there are 8 cells on 
the diameter of a section), and no cruciate arrangement is traceable. 
Jubula agrees with Frullania in the axillary ramification, the saccate 
lobule, and the mono-tetragynous @ flowers. It has one character not 
found in any species of either Frullania or Lejewnea, viz., the presence 
of an antical elobulate leaf at the insertion of every branch, seated partly 
on the stem, partly on the branch, corresponding to the similarly posited 
leaf in Bazzania, Blepharostoma, &c. 


1, JuBsuLA HurcHinst& (Hook). 


Jungermania Hutchinsie, Hook. Brit. Jung. t. 1; Engl. Bot. t. 2480 ; 
Jubula Hutchinsie Dum. Comm. 212. 


Hab. per insulas Britannicas, semper fere ad super humectatas. Kzl- 
larney, variis locis (DS* Hurcuins, Tayior et ipse, &c.) Ballina- 
hasig prope Cork (W1Lson); Dolgelly, Wales (RALES, WILSON, &c.) ; 
in spelunca ad oras Dunoon, Argyle (GourLin et Lyon). Ejusdem 
speciei varietates proveniunt ex America boreali (Mewico, &c.), necnon 
ex Andibus equatorialibus et insulis Malayanis. 

F 16x11, 1:1x0°8; lob -25x°1; ¢ Ay —-ss; fl “8x °8, 8x °7, 65x "755 
°6x°6; br lob 1°8x 1-0; br'2 16; per 19x95; bro 55™™, 

Majuscula, leete viridis, prostrata, tegeticulas latas sistens, raro substrati- 
ficata. Caules 1—3-pollicares, laxe et subflabellatim ramosi, ex parte 
pinnati, ex parte dichotomi, subgeniculati, ramis 9 sub flore inno- 
vando furcatis, raro innovatione unilaterali auctis. 

Folia subimbricata subplana, late oblique ovata, apiculato-acuta cuspi- 
datave, basi excepta, argute spinoso-dentata, ad marginem anticum 
precipue, spinis 2-12, pro more brevibus triangulari-acuminatis, 
interdum lengioribus et ciliiformibus, ad folia ramea paucis raro 
nullis, basi antica dilatata non autem cordata, caulem haud perfecte 
obtegentia, postice ad lobuli insertionem sinuata; lobulus a caule 
spatio 4-5 cellularum dissitus, eidem subparallelus (processulo brevi 
rarissime interposito) saccatus, brevi-digitiformis, lobo 5-6 plo brevior, 
basi externa (ore) cilium sub 5 cellulas longum ad calcaris instar 
deferens, haud raro evolutus subulatus lanceolatusve acuminatus ; 
cellule parvulee, ad angulos haud (vel lenissime) incrassatee, sub- 
pellucide, inferiores subelongatze, lobulum versus latiores discolor- 
esque. Folia inferiora minus, superiora (florem 2 versus) magis 
dentata. Folia axillaria (se. que ramos subtendunt) subantica, 
ceteris latiora, magis symmetrica, late subcordato-ovata acuminu- 
lata, vel integerrima vel subspinosa, lobulo nullo, rarius parvo-denti- 
formi evoluto. Ad floris 9 dichotomiam nullum folium axillare 
adest. 

Foliola subrotunda subplana, basi acute decurrentia, apice ad 3 usque 
bifida, segmentis cuspidato-acuminatis, conniventibus, margine spinis 
paucis Jongis ciliata vel inermia. 

Flores monoici: 2 in ramo terminales, ex innovationibus oppositis sim- 
plicibus, bracteis basi adnatis, dichotomiales. Bracteze intime foliis 
sublongiores, profunde bilobe, complicatze, lobis oblique lanceolatis 
acuminatis spinosis laciniatisve, postico duplo (vel perpaulo) minore ; 
bracteola fere bipartita carinata, lobis tenuiacuminatis spinosis, Folia 


62 J UBULA. 


bracteis proxima lisdem parum diversa, lobulo majusculo evoluto, 
&c., conformia, ad quartum par usque; folia tamen quinti paris infra 
florem lobulo saceato plerumque gaudent. 

Perianthia foliis duplo longiora, pyriformia, vel potius anguste obpyra- 
midata, alte tricarinata, faciebus depressis vel antica medio obscure 
carinulata, apice rotundato-truncato obscure rostellata, demum trifida, 
ubique leevissima. 

Amenta ¢ spiculis cauligenis folium collaterale plus minus excedentibus 
constantia ; bracteze sub 6—jugee, foliis plus duplo breviores, laxiuscule 
equitantes, late emarginato- pilobz, inferne turgide, lobis subacu- 
minatis conniventibus, inferiore subminore, integerrimis raro denticu- 
latis; bracteole parvee oblongie ad $ bifida ; : antheridia bina, 


JuBULA HutcHinsi& (Hook.) var. PINNATA, S. 


Hab. in sylva Canelos, ad pedem montis Tunguragua, in saxis humectatis, 
socio Mnvo rostrato. 


F 1:2x°85, lob 1-15; ¢ Ao—-as; f' caulina 6x “75, ramea 5 x °455 per 
2-4 x 125mm, 

A planta hibernica typica differt caule stricto, laxe pinnato, pinnis 
brevibus, fertilibus solis furcatis, colore lurido, &c. Folia basi distinete 
semicordata superne 6—8-spinosa-ciliatave, spinis sc. pro more 5 ad mar- 
ginem anticum, | ad posticum, 1 ad apicem; lobulo minuto (duplo minore 
quam in typo) obovato, ore ecalcarato. F oliola eaulina latiora quam longa. 
Habitus, e caulibus clongatis strictioribus, certe diversus ; caracteres 
tamen a ‘typicis parum discrepant. Lobulus minutus ecalcaratus etiam 
in forma Javaniea, etc., inventus est. Forsan eadem erit ac Fr. ciliata 
Lg. et Gottsche, Syn. "Hep. 775 (pro varietate Hr, Hutchinsie quoque 
habenda ?), in Andibus Mere a Moritz lecta; quum tamen cum descrip- 
tione data minus bene convenit, hoc non ausim asseverare. 


Var. SULLIVANTH, Spruce. 


Frullania Hutchinsie Sull. Muse. Allegh. 271. 
Hab. ad rupes humidas in Carolina et Virginia (SULLIVANT!) 


Humilis, lurida, subdichotome ramosa. Folia nisi pro apiculo terminali 
(neque constanter presente) inermia :—raro advenit ad ramorum apicem 
folium unum alterumve obsolete dentatum; lobulus pro ratione major, 
inflatus, ecalcaratus. Foliola integerrima.—Vars. Javanica et Mexicana 

“Syn. Hep., inter hane formam et typum exacte fere medic sunt, foliis 
nune integerrimis nune paucidentatis ludentibus, lobulo utplurimum 
ecalcarato. Quare pro speciei valde variabilis varietatibus jure habendas 
censeo. 

After repeated examination of numerous forms of J. Hutchinsie, J am 
compelled to conclude that they constitute but a single very variable 
species. The most striking varieties are those above described. Its dis- 
tribution confronts us with a problem not easy of solution. In various 
localities along the western coasts of England, Wales, Scotland and 
Ireland it grows in some abundance, and fruits freely. Elsewhere in 
Europe it has not yet been met with ; but what we regard varieties of the 
same species exist in the warmer parts of North America, and in regions 
adjacent to the equator all round the globe. The question then arises 


LEJEUNEA, 63 


whether the British Isles may be its original home, or rather some spot 
in the torrid zone:—a question into which I have not here space to enter, 
and J must relegate to a separate memoir the results arrived at by col- 
lating the parallel instances of a great many other species of plants. 


III. LEJEUNEA, Libert. 


Ann. gén. se. phys. (1820); Dumort. Comm. bot. p. 111; G. L. 
et N. Syn. Hep. p. 308, ex p.—Bryopteris Nees.—Thysananthus 
Lindenb.—Ptychanthus Nees.—Phragmicoma Dum.—Omphalan- 
thus Lindenb. et N.—Frullanic sp. Nees. et Mont.—Jungermaniv 
sp. auctorum. 

Plante plereeque tenere, pusilla, alize preminut, pauce robusta; 
pro more tenui strato repentes, ali species autem stratificatee, alia 
cxspitose et assurgentes penduleve, colore in plurimis pallido, 
albescente vel flavo-viridulo, interdum autem badio luridove, rarius 
letevirente, vix unquam rubescente. Cawles teretes, tenuiculi, 
rarius sat validi, pinnatim ramosi, raro plumeformes, aliquando ex 
parte (raro ubique) dichotomi, rami omnes infra-axillares, sc. foliorum 
basi externa contigui. olia alterna complicato-biloba, ad plice 
basin inferius decurrentia, deinde sursum incurrentia; lobi sat lati 
vel angusti, anticus major, incubus, ad lineam diagonalem vel fere 
tectam—rarissime subtransversalem—super caulem incurrens, posti- 
cus (/.e., lobulus) simili modo insertus, incurvus et ventricosus, 
raro planus, margine valde vario, integerrimo, plus minus serrulato 
denticulatove, interdum dentato-spinoso-ciliatove, rarissime laciniato, 
superficie levissima, vel e cellulis convexis papulosa, interdum muti- 
culata, raro echinata. Cellule in plerisque subeequilaterze, mediocres 
parvuleve, aliquando minute, pro m. leptodermes, trigonis angu- 
laribus raro conspicuis; in paucis speciebus ¢c. majores, ceteris 
parvis interposite, in ocellum subbasalem, raro in lineam mediam 
aggregate, in paucissimis per totam paginem equaliter sparse. 
Foliola in omnibus fere preesentia, in. perpaucis nulla, in divisione 
priore (Holostipe nob.) integra, in posteriore (Schizostipee nob.) 
bitida, magnitudine formaque in diversis speciebus valde varia, 
radicellas pallidas fastigiatas, raro stellatas, a tergo proferentia vel 
ealva. lores dioici vel monoici (rarissime paroici), Andrecia 
plerumque ramulis amentiformibus pallidis constantia, haud raro 
tamen in caule ramove posita, foliis normalibus consecutiva ; bractee 


64. LEJEUNEA, 


subequilobe diandre—rarissimo casu triandre—in paucis autem 
(Dicranolejeuneis, Drepanolejeuneis et Cololejeuneis) monandre. 
Rami feminei raro simplices et vel brevissimi vel in aliis speciebus 
elongati; seepius ramulo infraflorali (innovatione)—vel ramulis 
duobus oppositis—simplicibus vel iteratim innovando-floriferis, aucti. 
Bractee foliis caulinis plus minus diverse, planilobulatze, bracteola 
subequimagna interjecta (in Cololejewnea deficiente) ; bractea intima 
(saltem) —vel utraque in floribus dichotomialibus—innovationi (ubi 
adest) adnata, ab axi florifera vix non omnino libera; ubi autem ramus 
2 simplex est, bractew plurijugz adveniunt. Perianthium a bracteis 
liberum, leptoderme, rarissime perfecte teres et subcylindricum, vel 
compresso-planum, plerumque pyriforme a fronte subcompressum 
et in aliis trigonum, in aliis 4-5-gonum, in paucis pluricarinatum, 
angulis carinisve levibus vel vario modo armatis, apice interdum 
in cornua auriculasve productis, vertice perianthil ipsius pro m. 
rostello turbulari aucto. Piéstillidiwm constanter solitarium, stylo 
tenui longe persistente. Calyptra subduplo brevior obovata tenuis, 
in speciebus robustioribus autem basi constricta subcarnosa, demum 
apice subregulariter 2—3-valvis,  Pedieellus brevis pallidus, ad 
maturitatem perianthio solum 2—3-plo longior, teres, cellulis stratis 
duobus concentricis (4 cell. in diametro, 12 v. 16 in longitudine) 
constans, in sectione transversa cruciformis; cellule leptodermes, 
axiales 4-seriate majuscule, periphericee minores 12-v, 16-seriate, 
omnes in stratis ordinibusve horizontalibus (16 v. 20 cujusque 
ordinis) sdificate, ita ut pedicellus in sicco plerumque nodoso- 
articulatus, ad nodos geniculatus vel non, evenit; superne autem 
in capsule basin abrupte dilatatus est, apice ipso (subquadrato) 
cellulis laxis cruciatis (ad diagonales intervalvulares 12-v. 16-nis) 
constans. Capsula globosa, eadem fere structura ac. Frullane, 
pallida tamen, utplurimum tenera, valvulis in dehiscentia recurvis, 
demum autem (capsula evacuata) tam siccis quam humectatis per- 
spe in floris Zilii candidi formam conniventibus ; strato interiore 
albido flavidulove, superficie inequali et ad speciem spongioso, vix 
ad valyularum basin usque protracto. Elateres a capsule apice ad 
vel paulo ultra dimidium inserti, persistentes, pro m. pallidi, tenui- 
cylindrici, apice dilatato quadrato-rotundo ; helice tenui plana, sim- 
plice, raro bipartita, arctiuscule, vel interdum valde indistincte torta, 
20-200 cujusque capsule, Spore magna (diam, y';-9'5"") @ viridi- 


LEJEUNEA. 65 


badiz, globose v. oblong, pressione mutua polyhedre, tuber- 
culose.* 


The genus Lejewnea, reconstituted as above, to contain all the strictly 
monogynous Jubulew, is well distinguished ‘from Frullania by (1) the 
branches being contiguous to the outer base of the leaves, 7.¢., infra- 
axillary ; (2) the usually rhomboidal or ovate lobule being either plane or 
ventricose, but never (as in Frullania) either galeate or “inversely saccate 
—shaped like a bell or a glove finger—except in the very rare case of the 
British L. calyptrifolia and 3 or 4 allied tropical species, where the lobule 
(larger than the lobe !) is lengthened out into the shape of-a hollow 
horn or club ; (3) the monogynous ? flowers; (4) the innovations, where 
present, as they are in the great majority of the species, being adnate 
to the 9 bracts ; (5) the pedicel cruciate on the section, only 4 cells (not 
8) across, quasi-articulate when dry and mostly geniculate at the joints. 
There are other differences of minor importance. Its diagnosis from 
Jubula I have already indicated under that genus. 

It is only in the robuster species that the stem of Lejewnea is com- 
posed of many layers of nearly homogeneous cells, as in Frullania. In 
nearly all the more delicate species the cortical layer is of wider and 
more pellucid cells (oval on the section) than the axial layers. Thus, 
in L. lunulata (Web.) the stem has a distinct cortical layer of about 10 
series of large pellucid cells, whereof those of the antical and postical 
faces are broadest. The inner, or axial cells are thrice as slender, 
hexagonal on the section, and in 3 concentric layers, so that the 
whole stem is 8 cells across. In “. leta, L. et L., the stem is only 
6 cells across, the large cortical cells 7- or 8-seriate, and the thrice nar- 
rower interior cells about 30-seriate. These are typical cases. In the 
very minute species the axial cells are fewer. As the leaves are in all 
cases an extension of the outermost layer of the stem, or branch, where 
the cortical cells are larger than the inner, the texture of the leaf also 
is comparatively lax. 

While every branch is infrafoliar at its origin, neither the suprajacent 
leaf nor its collateral underleaf is at all modified by the branch, which 
may correctly be said to subtend the leaf, instead of the leaf subtending the 
branch, as in Frullania, Porella, Lepidozxia, and other pinnately-branched 
genera, where the axillary leaf is distinctly modified. 

The lowest point of the complicate leaf is the base of the fold. In two 
of the more conspicuous subgenera, Archilejewnea and Odontolejeunea, each 
leaf is inserted on the stem on two lines meeting below at an angle, re- 
sembling a narrow letter V, and diverging but slightly from parallelism 
to the axis of the stem—the lobule on the lower line, the lobe on the 
upper, and (although usually much larger) not ascending higher on the 
stem than the lobule, but at the antical base abruptly dilated and semi- 
cordate. This indeed is the typical mode of leaf-insertion throughout the 
genus, with such differences as are induced by the lobule being very much 
smaller than the lobe, or becoming obsolete, and sometimes by the nearly 
transversal insertion of the lobe on the stem. The latter character i is, 
however, very rare, and is never so marked as obtains throughout the 
genus Frullania, if we except the small subgenus Cololejeunea, where the 


* De habitatione et distributione Lejeunearum videas post subgenerum 
descriptiones. 


TRANS. BOT, SOC, EDIN. VOL. XV, I 


66 LEJEUNEA. 


leaf is inserted on an exceedingly narrow base, the fold is often nearly 
parallel to the stem, or is not unfrequently flattened out, and the lobule 
yroper is represented by a marginal tooth some way above the base of the 
bat or is quite obsolete. 

The leaves are infinitely more varied in outline than those of Frullania, 
being in some species broader than long, in others narrow and almost’ 
subulate ; and although quite entire in more than half the number, yet 
Jeaves toothed in various ways—sometimes even ciliate or spinose—are 
frequent ; while in Drepanolejeunea palmifolia, Mart., they are so deeply 
Jaciniate as to be almost pinnatifid. The smooth surface, prevalent in 
most Lejeune, becomes scabrous in certain subgenera, and in a few is even 
echinate or setulose, e.g., in the Cololejewnea calcarea of Europe and its 
Javanese ally CL venusta, Lac.; also in Trachylejeunea acanthina, Spruce, 


from the Andes, and 7’r. papillata, Mitt., from New Zealand. 

It is in the subgenus Odontolejeunea nob., with its large spinoso-dentate 
leaves, recalling those of a Scapania, that we find the nearest allies of 
Jubula. Some species, indeed, have leaves so like those of J. Hutchinsie 
that were it not for the large and nearly flat lobule—as contrasted with 
the small saceate lobule of Jubula—they might on a merely cursory view 
be referred to that genus. Other features common to both have been 
already pointed out. 

Modifications of the lobule in Lejewnea, although useful for distinguish- 
ing species, are rarely available as subgeneric or sectional distinctions— 
for the organ itself is liable to become obsolete in many species, and in 
all is variable in size—except in the case of the horn-like lobule of L. calyp- 
trifolia and its allies, and in the subgenus Ceratolejewnea, where the 
lobules of the two lowest leaves on a branch—rarely of any upper leaves— 
are swollen out into a large kidney-shaped bag, involving the diminished 
lobe, and perforated in the centre of the depressed upper face. This 
curious structure is found to have originated in the lobule having been 
chosen as the nidus of certain minute insects, whose eggs or larve are 
occasionally found within the sac; but as it is limited to certain species 
of the group, where it is a constant feature, while from others it is as con- 
stantly absent, and in a few it exists in only a limited degree ; as more- 
over, I have occasionally seen these abnormal sacs in all stages without 
any occupant, and have noted an initial enlargement of the lobule while 
both leaf and branch were still so young as to be quite rudimentary ; I 
cannot doubt that the “utriculi” (as they have been called) have in many 
cases become inherited, and are as necessary to be taken into account in 
describing a species as any other part of the plant. This is a parallel case 
to that of the ant-inhabited sacs of T'ococa and other Melastomacee.* In 
a few species of Lejewnca the lobule is itself bilobed, but the segment next 
the stem is very rarely styliform, after the manner of Frullania. 

The texture of the leaves is thinner and tenderer than in Frullania, 
and corresponds more to that of Jubula. The cells are mostly subeequi- 
lateral hexagons (in reality short hexagonal prisms) and of medium size, 
or rather small ; scarcely ever to be called large, but not unfrequently 
minute. The leaves of certain species are, however, ocellate near the 
hase by the interposition of a group of larger cells ; very rarely are similar 


* IT may have to return to this subject when I come to treat of the probable 
origin and use of the inflated or saccate leaf-lobes which occur normally in 
Lejeunea, Frullania, and a few other genera of hepatice, 


LEJEUNEA. 67 


large cells arranged in a beaded line, like the “false nerve” of Frullania 
Tamarisci ; or, in the subgenus Stictolejewnea, solitary, and scattered over 
the leaf at equal intervals, as in the dotted leaves of a Hypericum. Tri- 
gones, so constantly present at the angles of the cells in Frullania, are 
comparatively rare in Lejeunea. The cells of the lobule are much smaller 
than those of the lobe immediately overlying them, so that one cell of 
the latter will sometimes cover 3 to 5 cells of the former. 

The underleaves are either entire (Holostipe) or bifid (Schizostipw)—a 
most important difference, dividing the genus into two primary, and for the 
most part strictly definite groups, each of which includes many natural 
subgenera. The Holostipe belong almost exclusively to the tropics and 
southern hemisphere, only a single species (L. Mackazz) reaching our own 
shores, and two or three others the southern states of N. America. 
Although far less numerous in species than the Schizostipe, they are divi- 
sible into several well-marked groups. The underleaves show several 
other modifications, the principal of which are constant in each subgenus. 
A small and very natural subgenus, Cololejewnea nobis, has the under- 
leaves altogether absent, even from the involucres; but tufts of radicles 
are (or may be) produced at the base of every leaf. A still more remark- 
able group, consisting of two small subgenera (Diplasiolejeunea and Coluro- 
lejeunea) has duplicate underleaves, one to each side-leaf. I know of no 
parallel case in any other genus of hepaticee. Radicles are often copiously 
developed on the underleaves of all prostrate Lejewnea, especially of those 
that inhabit living leaves of trees. In Odontolejewnea they spread out in 
the form of a closely-rayed star, but in most other subgenera they are 
fascicled, or brush-shaped, and in the robuster species, with assurgent 
stems, are rarely present except on the creeping caudex. 

The inflorescence is about equally divided between monoicous and 
dioicous. It is paroicous in only a very few, chiefly of the robuster, 
Species; autoicous almost throughout some subgenera that are mainly 
foliicolous ; dioicous in most species of certain ramicolous subgenera of 
cespitose habit, and in a few species of several others. The andrcecia in 
a few subgenera exist solely in the form of minute whitish catkins ; in 
others they are terminal or medial on the branch or stem, the bracts 
being continuous with the normal leaves and scarcely differing from them 
in size, but nearly equilobed, and rather cymbiform than complicate ; in 
many subgenera, however, both forms co-exist, sometimes on the same 
plant. The ¢ bracts are diandrous in the great majority of species, 
the interpolation of a triandrous bract being exceedingly rare ; a few 
subgenera, however, are constantly monandrous, as already indicated in 
the generic character, and in one subgenus (Harpalejeunea) the antheridia 
are either solitary or twin in nearly every species. The antheridia 
are globose, and the stipes slender; where there are two together, 
one is larger than the other and overarches it on a longer incurved 
stalk. 

The 9 flowers are always terminal on a branch, or (very rarely) on the 
mainstem. The flowering branch, whether long or short, may be either per- 
fectly simple, which is the case in comparatively only a few species, or ¢nno- 
vant, 7.e., continued by an innovation originating immediately beneath the 
perianth, and in many cases itself again and again innovated and floriferous 
at each successive apex. The singular feature in Lejewnea is that the iner- 
most bract is always attached (adnate) to the innovation, and is quite free 
from the floriferous axis except at the antical basal angle. This kind of 


68 LEJEUNEA. 


inflorescence has usually been considered lateral, in the “Synopsis Hepati- 
carum” and elsewhere. In reality it is a sort of uniparous, or mono- 
tropous cyme ; for a very little observation suffices to convince us that 
the flowering branch terminates with the apical flower, and that its 
apparent continuation is a lateral branchlet, often taking nearly the 
same direction. In some cases the innovation (as it truly deserves to 
be called) diverges considerably, and then its true origin is obvious. 
Not unfrequently there are two innovations, one adnate to each lateral 
bract, and thus a dichotomous inflorescence is generated. A simple ? 
branch is rarely found in the same subgenus as an innovant one, but 
there are cases where the two types of structure must necessarily stand 
side by side; where two species agree so nearly in every other respect 
that they cannot possibly be placed in different subgenera. Such cases 
exist in the groups I have called Prionolejeunea, Trachylejeunea, and 
Leptolejeunea. 

Where innovations are present, the true bracts are mostly reduced to 
a single pair ; but when absent, the bracts may be considered plurijugous, 
the lower ones passing insensibly into normal leaves, if the 2 branch be 
long enough to bear any such. In all cases the bracts are leaves, modified 
in much the same way as in Frullania, except that they were never 
united into a cup-like involucre. They are indeed rarely exactly oppo- 
site, so that although one of the pair may be connate with the intervening 
bracteole, the other will remain free from it ; and it is only in Drepano- 
lejeunea and Leptolejeunea that I have seen both bracts commonly so united. 

The usually pyriform and abruptly rostellate perianth goes through 
many phases of form, for a full description of which I must refer to the 
descriptions of the subgenera, some of whose most important characters 
are drawn from them. Ina few species it is as perfectly flattened as that 
of Radula ; in a good many others it is much compressed, but with a 
more or less salient postical keel, or with two or more keels ; in others, 
we find it keeled also in front, and almost regularly pentagonal; in a 
few others pluricarinate, and in a very few, perfectly terete and ecari- 
nate. The keels may be either a simple fold, acute or obtuse, or they 
(especially the lateral ones) may have a salient wing, which is often 
toothed, or spinose, or ciliate; and in a good many species they are 
dilated at the apex into an auricle or an ascending horn. In some 
species the perianth goes on growing after fruiting, especially at the base 
(so as to become spuriously stipitate), and assumes a purplish tinge, in 
which the calyptra participates. 

The pistillidium is uniformly solitary—a character not known in any 
other genus of foliose hepaticee, and the slender style is persistent. 
The calyptra is above half the length of the perianth, and nearly as — 
wide, obovate or pyriform, thin in texture throughout, or incrassated only 
at the very shortly tubular base. In dehiscence it is sometimes bivalvular 
at the apex, and often trivalvular, with one valve narrower than the 
other two. 

The pedicel, when full grown, is very little exserted, being only twice 
or thrice as long as the perianth. It is cylindrical, and is built up of 
cells in regular horizontal tiers. A transverse section shows 4 large 
axial cells, each the quadrant of a circle, so that their adjacent walls take 
the form of a cross; and 12 (or 16) smaller peripheral cells, 3 (or 4) ex- 
terior to each axial cell. And now we have to note a curious correlation 
of structure, not easily to be explained. In the Holostipe, or entire- 


LEJEUNEA. 69 


stipuled Lejewnee, the pedicel is 16 cells in length, 7.¢., it consists of 
16 superposed tiers of cells; each tier contains 20 cells (4 inner, 16 
outer); and the apophysis (the dilated apex of the pedicel) has on its 
cruciform upper surface 16 pairs of square-headed cells on each diagonal. 
But in the Schizostipe the pedicel is but 12 cells long; each tier has 
only 16 cells, and the dilated apex is only 12 cells across. It is true that 
the Holostipe are, as a rule, more robust than the Schizostipe, and both 
stems and all appendages consist of more cells ; yet there are a few robust 
species of the latter which still preserve the same proportions in the pedicel. 
The numbers given above are the normal ones, and (as in the struc- 
ture of every other organ) there will be exceptions; but the following 
are all I have hitherto noted.—In L. robusta, Mitt., one of the largest 
species of the genus, in the centre of the 4 series of large cruciate cells 
a row of very slender cells is interposed, thus making the pedicel 5 
cells (instead of 4) across, although the peripheral cells are still the 
normal number, 16. In L. inflewa, Hpe., one of the Schizostipw, stead 
of the usual 12 rows of peripheral cells, I have once found 13; the 
odd row of cells interposed between two groups of three rows each. 
In some of the minuter species one can make out only 10 or 11 tiers 
of cells in the length ; and in the Holostipw the tiers sometimes fall 
one or two short of 16; but these aberrations are rare. In the dilated 
head of the pedicel the number of cells is more apt to vary than in 
the cylindrical portion; and the cells filling the quadrants between the 
diagonals are by no means so distinct, or so clearly attributable to the 
pedicel, as in Jubula. The inner base of the capsule is indeed often 
partially torn up, when the elaters are released from it, and they in their 
turn sometimes leave their annulated heads sticking to it. 

The cells composing the pedicel are all formed before the capsule bursts 
through the calyptra, after which there is no further addition to their 
number, and the pedicel attains its full length by the elongation of the 
cells, so that, from being at first broader than long, they speedily become 
thrice as long as broad. In this process the end-walls of each tier of cells 
undergo no change, but the vertical walls are much attenuated and in 
drying collapse, leaving a nodose articulation, and in the more delicate 
species a flexure or geniculation, at the top of every tier. In several of 
the robuster species the cells of the pedicel offer more resistance to lateral 
shrinkage, and in the dried state the pedicel remains nearly or quite 
smooth. 

The capsule is uniformly globose, much paler and tenderer than that 
of Frullania, and in the smaller species often white when empty. 
Respecting its structure I have not much to add to what I have already 
stated in the description of the tribe and genus. It is cloven at maturity 
into 4 oval-lanceolate valves, down to about 3 of the semi-circumference, 
rarely to as much as #. The valves are strongly recurved at the moment 
of dehiscence, and retain that position in a few of the more robust species ; 
but in the great majority, when the spores are ejected, the valves close 
again and slightly overlap each other, so as to resemble the petals of a 
white lily. The outer membrane of the valves consists of large thickish 
cells, more or less rhombic in general outline, though sometimes 5- or 
6-angled, and strongly sinuate within from the nodosely-thickened walls ; 
except the marginal cells, which are oblongo-quadrate and only half the 
size of the inner. The endothecium is either whitish or slightly tinged 
with yellow or brown. It consists of smaller, thinner, more elongate 


70 LEJEUNEA. 


cells, with irregularly thickened walls, in a single stratum, or partly— 
especially towards the middle of the valves—in two or three strata; and 
it does not reach down quite to the base of the valves. In all cases the 
surface is unequally papillose, and as it were, spongy.* 

The elaters are almost exactly like those of Frullania in form and 
position, but they vary greatly in number, even in the same subgenus, 
although apparently constant in each species. In Bryopteris filicna 50 
have been counted on a single valve, in Br. diffusa only 30; and some of 
the minuter Lejewneew have only 6 or 7—some even only 5—on a valve. 
The included fibre is simple— very rarely bipartite—thin, broad, and 
rather closely twisted; in a few species, however, of which our L, calearea 
is one, the most powerful instruments fail to show any twisting, but only 
an undulation, The Spores are large, globose (;™™ in diameter) or 
oblongo-globose (34; x 35 or x ay™) , polyhedral by mutual pressure, but 
losing their angles “when steeped long enough ; the sporoderm tubercu- 
lose or warty; the nucleus greenish in the fresh state, but turning yellow- 
brown. 

Many dioicous and some monoicous species are, when sterile, repro- 
duced by gemme or “ propagula,” which are round or oval disks (quite 
like the first growth from the spore of Anthoceros t), springing from one 
or more mar ginal cells of the leaves, and increasing in size mainly by the 
bisection of their peripheral cells until they become 6 or more cells broad, 
when they develop a minute branchlet with a pair of rudimentary leaves 
from their margin, and drop off, to begin a separate existence. Adventi- 
tious ramuli are rarer, but are produced occasionally, even in the minutest 
species, ¢.g., in those of the subgenus Drepanolejeunea, where they spring 
from the surface of the leaves, or from any part of the branches. They 
bear very minute leaves, often reduced to the basal sac. 

The subdivision of this vast genus, whether into so-called genera or 
into sections, has not hitherto been attempted on the basis of a thorough 
study and comparison of all the species. The few “genera” separated 
from it by the authors of the ‘Synopsis’ are like morsels chipped off a 
block of marble, and reduced to something like symmetry, but leaving 
the remainder a somewhat rude conglomerate, although it really includes 
many other well-marked groups—some of them of greater value than 
those already struck off—and admits of being divided throughout into 
natural subgenera (or genera, for those who prefer to so re gard | them). I 
will briefly review the genera carved out of Lejewnea by the authors of the 
‘Synopsis,’ premising that all have entire underleaves except the last 
(Omphalanthus), which comprises both holostipous and_ schizostipous 
species. 

Their first genus, Bryopteris—previously proposed by Nees (Hep. Eur. 
ITI.) asa subgenus of Frullania—is a natural group enough, distinguished 
by the robust closely-pinnate stems (with subopposite branches) springing 
from a creeping caudex ; the 9 flowers on very short and perfectly simple 
ramuli ; the trigono-fusiform perianths ; the very numerous elaters, and 
other characters. An aberrant member is Br. diffusa, which is dicho- 
tomous throughout, except that the branches are still pinnulate with the 
? flowers as in the type-species, Br. filicina (Hook.), to which the leaves, 


* Of Archilejeunca nine n. sp. I have noted: Capsula facie 
interna crebre papillosa, papillis plurimis brevibus, aliis autem in pilum fere 
elongatis. 

+ Cf. Hofmeister, on the Higher Cryptogamia, Tab. i. 


LEJEUNEA. 71 


perianths, &c., also closely correspond. The Oriental Br. fruticosa, Lg. et 
G., however, I have been obliged to separate as a distinct subgenus, for 
the 2 branches are innovant, sometimes forked, and the perianths 
obcordato-triquetrous, with cristate keels and one or two ridges added on 
to front and back. 

A Bryopteris of Nees (Br. spathulistipa), anda few new species, consti- 
tute the genus Thysananthus, Ldng. in ‘Syn. Hep.’ The character on 
which it is mainly founded—the fringed keels of the trigonous perianth— 
is neither very strongly marked nor very constant; but the plants have 
another and more important character, viz., the presence of flagella—not 
postical but lateral branches, attenuated and subaphyllous at the decurved 
and rooting extremity, which brings them into close relationship with 
a group, consisting of Lejewnea auriculata, Wils. (=Phragmicoma versi- 
color, Lehm. et Lg.), Phragmicoma humilis, G. (=Phr. repleta, Tayl.), 
Phr. ligulata, Nees, and a few others, mostly relegated in the ‘Synopsis’ 
to Phragmicoma, but some to Lejeunea. These all agree with typical 
Thysananthus in habit, rooting flagella, lingulate leaves, repeatedly and 
closely innovant inflorescence, and trigonous perianths ; and only differ 
in the entire underleaves and perianths. To this group I have applied 
the name Mastigolejewnea, on account of the flagella, which scarcely exist 
elsewhere in Lejewnea. 

The next genus is Ptychanthus, comprising several species, all Oriental 
(chiefly Malayan) except one South American, Ptych. Theobrome, n. sp., 
found by myself on cacao trees near Guayaquil. Their aspect is almost 
of Bryopteris, but more laxly pinnate, and with more distant leaves. A 
more essential difference resides in the 7—10-plicate perianth, and in the 
branches being at least once—sometimes repeatedly—innovant, and 
floriferous at each successive apex. 

Phragmicoma was founded by Dumortier on a solitary species, Junger- 
mania Mackaw, Hook. As it stands in the ‘Synopsis’ it can only be 
described as an agglomeration of species of various distinct types, one of 
which (Mastigolejewnea) I have indicated above. Of the two sections into 
which the genus is divided in the ‘ Synopsis,’ the first, comprising those 
few species with a perfectly complanate perianth, such as Phr. Mackait, 
Phr. Guilleminiana, and Phr. Bongardiana, is truly a natural group ; but 
one of the characters assigned to it, “ Pedicellus capsule in planta exsic- 
cata levis,” is no character at all; for the pedicel in these species, as in 
all other Lejeunee, is built up of horizontal tiers of cells, which are 
lengthened out at maturity, and the resistance to shrinkage of the lateral 
walls is merely a difference of degree, leaving the dried pedicel nearly or 
quite smooth in several of the robuster species, and nodose at the join- 
ings of the tiers in all the more delicate ones. The definition of Ҥ 2, 
Ptychanthoides. Perianthium a latere compressum, carina dorsali una 
binisque ventralibus instructum. Pedicellus internodiis (post exsicca- 
tionem) tuberoso-geniculatus ”* is disfigured by two errors ; for the com- 
pression of the perianth is not lateral but frontal, as in every Lejeunea,— 
indeed as in all Jubulee ; and the pedicel in some of the species is as smooth 
as that of Phr. Mackaw. Moreover, the “perianth unicarinate above, 
bicarinate beneath,” along with roundish entire under leaves, exactly corre- 
sponds to a number of species that figure in the ‘Synopsis’ not as 
Phragmicome but as Lejewnew,—such as L. unciloba, Ldng., L. clypeata, 
Schwein., LZ. Leprieurit, Mont., &e. In Phragmicoma is included a 


* ‘Syn. Hep.,’ p. 294, 


2 LEJEUNEA, 


group (Acrolejewnea nob.), represented by many Oriental but few Ameri- 
can species, which has the rare character of the perianth being terminal 
on the stem, or on long branches, without any subfloral innovation. 
Another group (Brachiolejeunea nob.) has the terminal ? flower subtended 
by two opposite innovations, stretching almost horizontally, like a pair of 
arms, beneath the large pluriplicate perianth, and giving the stem (or 
branch) the figure of a crucifix. A few species attributed to Phragmi- 
coma belong more properly to Thysananthus, and others to Ptychanthus. 

The fifth genus, Omphalanthus, Lg. et N., I would limit to the “31, 
Amphigastriis indivisis” of the ‘Synopsis, which consists hitherto of but 
a single species, the Jung. filiformis of Swartz, of which J. geminiflora, 
Nees in Mart., Fl. Bras., is scarcely even a variety. It is perhaps the 
most widely distributed of any Lejewnea in the wooded mountains of 
tropical America, from the West Indies to Chili, but is absent from the 
Amazonian plain. Although it grows scatteredly, creeping over mosses 
and partly pensile, and is nowhere abundant, it 1s conspicuous from its 
long, brown, often nearly simple stems, its very large shield-like stipules, 
and its rather rigid, ovoid, eplicate perianths. A close ally of this 
species, although placed far apart from it (in Lejewnea) in the ‘Synopsis,’ 
is L. ovalis, Lg. et N., Peltolejewnea nob., which has the same slender ser- 
pentine stems, with very few short subopposite branches, the 9 flowers 1-3 
on a very short innovant ramulus, and broad scutate underleaves, so de- 
current or cut out at their insertion that the actual base is a parabolic or 
semielliptic line on the stem; but it differs essentially in the acutely 
5-gonal long-beaked perianths, those of O. filiformis being very obscurely 
trigonous when young but terete at maturity, with a depressed apex. 

The species placed in “3 2, Amphiqustris bifidis” have only a remote 
affinity with the first. The underleaves, although sometimes nearly 
equalling the leaves, are bifid at the apex—in only two species, by rare 
exception, entire—and, instead of being decurrent at the base for half 
their length, are usually cordate, with free auricles. The very small, 
tender perianths are not altogether eplicate (as at first described in the 
‘ Synopsis’), and, in the young stage at least, are distinctly 5-gonal at the 
apex. The authors, indeed, found themselves obliged ultimately to admit 
species with very distinctly angular perianths, eg., O. pterogonius, O. 
lusorius, &c., and to modify the generic character thus: “ perianthium 
apice obtuse subplicatum vel quinquangulum.” * The character thus 
extended would comprise (besides the so-called Omphalantht) nearly all 
typical Lejewnee with bifid stipules, including our own L. serpyllifolia. 
The true affinity of the species. of this second section, with minute, 
closely-set flowers on a wniparous cyme, and usually acuminate leaves, 
is with many of the Lejewner, 3 Acutifoliw of the ‘Synopsis, with which, 
therefore, I have combined them to form the subgenus Tacilejewnea. 

The five genera thus separated from Lejewnea comprise scarcely more 
than one-sixth of the monogynous Jubulew described in the ‘Synopsis,’ 
the whole remainder being consigned to Lejewnea, and divided into a 
number of sections and subsections, a few of which are natural groups, 
although in most there is a good deal of dislocation, nor do the species 
always correspond to the sectional character under which they are 
arranged. Thus, under “ 2 1, Phragmicomoidee, Perianthium a tergo 
compressum, Ventre convexo, &c.,” is placed No. 1; L. transversalis (Sw.) 


« «Syn, Hep.,’ Appendix, p. 746, 


LEJEUNEA. 73 


“ perianthiis lateralibus obovato-oblongis dorso concaviusculis ventre con- 
vexis, margine oreque inciso-ciliatis ;” and under “§ 2, Typice. Perianthium 
ambitu teretiusculo ventre lateribus tergoque etiam carinatis,” is placed No. 
35, L. lunulata (Web.) “ perianthiis lateralibus obovatis compressis ventre 
obtuse carinatis apice oreque spinuloso-dentatis.” A comparison of the 
descriptions of the perianths of these two species shows plainly how very 
near they are to each other. The perianth of L. lunulata is in fact as 
much compressed as that of L. transversalis, obtusely keeled beneath, 
and margined with a similar sharply-toothed wing; so that, on placing 
the perianths side by side, we at once pronounce them to belong to 
two closely-allied species, as they really do, although there are differ- 
ences of ramification and foliage amply sufficient to keep them apart. 

The species of Lejewnea are perhaps the most elegant and delicate of all 
hepaticee. They abound in the wooded plains and mountains of all 
tropical countries, but are rare and of few species in the temperate zones ; 
and they have been so seldom gathered by any one previously conversant 
with the order, that they have been less generally studied than most 
others. Careful observation of their habits, aspect, and structure, in their 
native forests, as well as in the cabinet, has led me to the conclusion that 
the entire genus is divisible, and ought to be divided, into subgenera. 
This task I have set myself, and how far or how well I have succeeded in 
performing it, I must leave to the judgment of others. I can at least 
claim that all my subgenera are natural groups, and (as nearly as I could 
make them) of approximately equal value. Some of them, indeed, seem 

.to me more distinct than most of those separated as “genera” in the 
Synopsis. I may instance Sfictolejeunea, which, besides the unique 
character of the leaves and other appendages being beset with pellucid 
dots, has the flattened urniform perianth dilated at each apical angle into 
large round auricles, often bordered with white, that give it a remarkable 
resemblance to the head and ears of that curious Andine rodent, the 
chinchilla. Odontolejewnea, also, is a very distinct and natural group, of 
whose affinity to the genus Jubula I have already spoken. 

Whoever shall carefully study these plants will plainly perceive that 
several of my subgenera of Lejewnea are equivalent to certain genera of 
Jungermaniee, of whose right to that rank no one seems to have any 
doubt: It follows that either some recombination is needed among the 
latter, or else that the genus Lejewnea should be broken up into several 
genera. Without venturing to decide this knotty point, I would suggest 
that although, when the hepaticze of the whole world, or of a notable 
portion of its surface, are under consideration, a good deal of subdivision 
may be found requisite ; for a local flora or a limited area, too many genera 
will tend to produce confusion rather than precision, especially where 
several of the genera are monotypic; so that, on the whole, it seems 
desirable to make our genera as comprehensive as possible. For the sake 
of reconciling both views of the question, I have named all my subgenera 
by prefixing to the word Lejewnea some characteristic term—thus, Sticto- 
Lejeunea, from the dotted leaves: Priono-Lejeunea, from the finely serrated 
leaves; Diplasio-Lejeunea, from the two-ranked stipules, &c. For groups 
previously separated as genera which I adopt, wholly, or in part, as sub- 
genera, I have retained only so much of the name as may conveniently be 
added on to Lejeunea, thus Bryo-Lejeunea for Bryopteris, Thysano-Lejeunea 
for Thysananthus, &c. This merely for uniformity; but, whether as 
genera or subgenera, it matters not which name, of each pair of synonyms, 
is adopted. 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. DIN. VOL, XV. K 


74 LEJEUNE& HOLOSTIP. 


CONSPECTUS SUBGENERUM. 
I. LEJEUNEX HOLOSTIP ( foliolis integris). 


§ 1. Caules bast ipsa matrict haustoriis fasciatis v. scopweformibus repentes, 
pro majore parte autem liberi, assurgentes pendulive, fereque arhizi, vel, in 
paucis spectebus laxe repentibus, hice illic radvcellost. Folia im plerisque 
integerrima, in paucis apice dentata. Perianthia varia. 

A. Folia vel punctata vel lineata (falsinervia). Per. compressa, wpice 
insigniter biaurita. 

1. Sricro-LesEuNEA. F. ete. e cellulis majoribus pellucidis, inter 

normales subzequidistantibus, punctata. 

2. NeuRo-LEsEUNEA. — F. e cellulis majoribus discoloribus uniseriatis 
(moniliatis) a basi adusque vel ultra medium quasi-nervata. 

B. F. cellulis omnibus subconformibus, nec punctata nec lineata. 

a. Rami 2 innovando-floriferi, pro more monotropi, raro 
primum dichotomi dein monotropr. 
a. Foliola orbiculata ovaliave dimidio infero in caule decurrentia. 

3. PELTO-LEJEUNEA. Per. pentagono-obpyramidata. 

4. OMPHALO-LEJEUNEA. Per. fere teretia ecarinataque. 

a,. Foliola basi sepius angusta inserta, nec decurrentia. 
* Per. argute 4-5-carinata, carinis rudimentarie alatis scaberulis. 

5. ARCHI-LEsEUNEA. F. rotundata foliolaque integerrima,’ lobulo 
majusculo rhomboideo seepius subplano integerrimo. 

** Per, 7-10-carinata levia. 
6. Prycuo-Leseunea. Caules elongati laxepinnati, flagellis0. F. acuta 
foliolaque apice plerumque spinulosa. 
*k* Per. trigono-prismatica. 
t Alu rami apice flagellari radicantes. Rami 9 valde 
confertiflori, monotropr. 

7. Mastico-LesEunra. Per. carinisinermia. F. foliolaque integerrima. 

7;. THYSANO-LEJEUNEA. Per. carinis spinosa. F, foliolaque apice 
spinulosa. 

tt Rami flagelliformes nulli. 

8. Denpro-LeseuNEA. Per, obcordato-oblonga triquetra, carinis later- 
alibus cristatis. Rami ? interdum dichotomi.  F. foliolaque apice 
argute serrata. 

b. Rami 2 simplicissimi nisbeilag 


ve} 


» Bryo-Leseunea. Elata plumeformi-pinnata v. 2-3-pinnata, in unica 
sp. iteratim dichotoma, semper autem cladocarpica, F. apice acu- 
minato serrata. Per. fusiformia triquetra inermia. 

ce. Rami Q simplicissimi sepe elongate. 
10. Acro-Leseunna. Vage ramosa. F. conferta obtusa integerrima. Per, 
v. 4-5-carinata v. 7-10-plicata, inermia. 

11. LopHo-Leseunra, » Laxe subpinnata. FF. subimbricata rotundata v. 

subacuta integerrima. Per. compressa 4-carinata, carinis late alato- 

cristatis. 
d, Rami 9 brevissimi, innovatione subflorali minuta 
stmplice aucti, 


LEJEUNEZ Ho.Lostir#. faa 


12. Puary-LeseuNEA. Elata, badia, serpentino-repens subramosa. F. 
magna late lingulata integerrima. Per. valde compressa, margine 
ciliata, facie postica subobscure carinulata, carinis paucispinis inermi- 
busve. 

13. ANopLo-LEJEUNEA. Humilis pallida. Per. vix compressa 5-carinata, 
omnino inermia. 


e. Caules ramique fertiles apice simpliciter v. seepius iteratim dichotome 
(brachiati), flore 9 in axillis, g sepissime hypogyno. 


14. Bracuio-LeseuNEA. Per. parum compressa 3-10-carinata inermia. 
F. fere semper integerrima. 

15. Homato-LEeseUuNEA. Per. valde compressa fere planissima, margine 
inermia. F. utplurimum apice argute dentata. 

16. Dicrano-LesEUNEA. Per. compressa, obcordata, margine ciliato- 
alata, postice convexa inermiaque v. subspinulosa. F. apice dentata. 


§ 2. Caules arctissime repentes, haustoria disciformia e cujusque foliolr 
bast proferentes. Folia foliolaque swpius toto fere amlnitu argute dentata. 
Perianthia obcordata valde compressa, dorso convexo levia, margine alato- 
cristata. 


17. Oponto-LEsEUNEA. Foliola apice integra, in 0. L. Peruviana sola 
seepe biloba. Flores omnium, 0. L. cherophylla excepta, dioici. 


II. LEJEUNEA SCHIZOSTIP (foliolis bifidis). 
21. Foliola folvis alternis tributa. 


A. Perianthia conpressa, antice ecarinata, postice wnicarinata, apice 
obcordata, margine sprnulosa. 


18. Priono-LeseuNEA. Pusillee. Folia acuta, margine (rarius etiam 
facie) muricuiata. Foliola parva bifida pro more integerrima, 
Rami 9 simplices v. innovantes. Flores perseepe monoici. 


B. Perianthia haud v. minus compressa, postice bicarinata, carina antica 
conspicua obsoletave ; in paucis turgida omnino ecarinata. 


a. Perianthia sepissime ad marginem et carinas armata—papillosa, nuri- 
culata, spinulosave, carinisque interdum apice horizontaliter spiniformi- 
dilatatis—rarius inermia. Plante pusille minuteve, raro mediocres. 
Foliola perseepe minuta, raro mediocria, in unica T'rachy-L. acanthina 
magna. 


* Foliola vel subrotunda ad medium circiter bifida, seqmentis subacutis ; 
vel late cuneata obcordato-emarginata-bilobave (in unica Harpa-L. holostipa 
integra), segmentis rotundatis. 


19. Crossoro-LEJEUNEA. Parvule, concinne depresso-ceespitosee mo- 
noice. Folia supra lobulum divergentia, acuta crenulata facie papu- 
losa. Foliola 2-plo breviora, seepe utrinque unidentata, ultra $ bifida, 
segmentis patulis subacuminatis. Rami 9 iteratim innovati ; 
bracteze complicatee parvilobulate subdenticulate. Perianthia sub- 
compressa 5-carinata, carinis ala incisa fimbriatis. Br. ¢ minus- 
cule diandree, 


7 


6 


LEJEUNEH SCHIZOSTIPA. 


20. Harpa-Leseunrna. Pusillee minuteve depresso-ceespitose, raniis 


0). 


seepe arcuatis. Folia hamata fornicatave plerumque subacuminata, 
interdum crenulata subserrulatave, leevia asperave, nonnunq. ocellata, 
lobulo majusculo turgido ; cellule minutulee leptodermes planie vel 
conico-prominule. Folola 3-7-plo minora, in aliis obcordato- 
cuneata, aliis rotunda ad 4 bifida. Fl. monoici vel dioici: Q in 
ramo brevi terminales, innovatione (plerumque simplice) suffulti ; 
bracteze lobulate raro complicate: subcrenulatie ; bracteola biloba, 
vel truncato-retusa. Perianthia seepe pro ratione maxima pyri- 
formia 5-carinata, carinis sepius scabris vel etiam spinosis. Amen- 
tula ¢ brevia tenuia; bractece parvie 1-2-andree. 
Srrepsi-LEJEUNEA. Prioris sectio (?) differt habitu robustiore, foliis 
apice decurvo-tortilibus; foliolis majoribus dimidium folium equan- 
tibus; perianthiis latioribus subulato-carinatis levibus; bracteis 
magnis seepe plurijugis. 


21. TrRAacHy-LEJEUNEA. Majusculee prostrate, in vivo pallide aqua 


replete, in sicco seepe fascidulee, caule valde tenaci colorato pinna- 
tim ramoso, ramis sepe arcuatis. Folia decurvo-fornicata seepius 
subacuta celluloso-crenulata-serrulatave, in unica specie spinosa, facie 
plerumque asperula, in paucis muricato-asperrima, seepe ocellata, 
lobulo parvo; cellulee mediocres parveeve subpachydermes. Foliola 
plerumque foliis 2-7-plo minora integerrima Vv. rari i 
in Tr. L. acanthina foliis fere majora spinosa. Flores omnium fere 
monoici. Rami 9 brevissimi, in plurimis simplices, in perpaucis 
innovatione simplice aucti; bractex elons gatee hamate denticulate 
lobulatze complicatee (vel non); bracteola angusta—raro latior—bre- 
viter bifida integrave denticulata (in 7’. L. acanthine argute bispin- 
osa). Perianthia seepe colorata subclavata rotundato-truncata com- 
pressa, carinis 5 tenuibus vel subulatis papillosis, in paucis speciebus 
tota facie aspera; in Tr. L. acanthina autem fere rotunda sublevis- 
sima. Bracteze ¢ paucijneze diandre. 


** Holiola bipartita, seymentis setaceis divergentibus (in L. palmifolia erec- 
tis); raro solum bifida, seymentibus subulatis. 
22. DrepaNno-LeEJEUNEA, Pusillee minutieve laxe reptantes. Folia dis- 


sita decurvo-hamata angusta (2—4-plo longiora quam lata) lanceolata 
acuminata seepe papulosa raro ocellata, crenulata subspinulosave (in 
Dr. L. palmifolia paucisque aliis pectinatim laciniata), lobulo fusi- 
formi turgido; cellule parvee vel subminute subleptodermes. Foliola 
minuta bipartita, cruribus setaceis, in Dr. L. hamatifolia solum bitida, 
eruribus subulatis. Flores omnium fere dioici: 2 in ramo_ brevi 
terminales, innovatione simplice suffulti. Bractee: foliis sat majores, 
concave (vix complicatée) subsequilobie spinulosee cum bracteola inter- 
media angusta bifida basi connate. Perianthia 5gono-obpyramidata, 
carinis raro inermibus plerumque superne spinulosis, apiceque spini- 
formi quasi-cornutis. Androecia longispica; bractee ad carinam 
celluloso-moniliatee, monandree. 
Lepto-LEJEUNEA. _'p usillee tenui strato in maculas seepe orbiculatas 
erescentes. Folia subdissita plana anguste oblonga rotundata suba- 
cutave, raro apice 2—3-fida, perseepe oc ellata, lobulo 2-4- -plo breviore 
subplano; ec. mediocres, pariete subincrassato. Foliola parva bipar- 
tita, cruribus setaceis (raro ad cell. unicam redactis). Fl. plerumque 
monoici. Rami 9 brevissimi sepissime simplices, in paucis inno- 
vatione -simplice aucti; bractese subeequilobie interdum. serrulate, 


LEJEUNEZ SCHIZOSTIPA. vith 


cum bracteola bifida alte connatee. Per. obpyramidata 5-carinata, 

carinis apice truncato-dilatatis subcornutisve. Br. ¢ paucijugie 

diandree, 

b. Perianthia swperne 4-5 angula, angulis apice in cornua erecta vel 
varie patula sepeque prelonga protractis. 


24. Cerato-Lejeunea.—Humiles vel sat robusta, seepe dense late depresso- 
ceespitose lurido-rufee plus minus nitide pro m. vage ramos. 
Folia paulo imbricata oblique ovata oblongave, apice decurvo (in 
sicco subinvoluto) varia, superiora seepius acutiora et. haud raro 
dentata—rarius toto fere margine serrulata—basi sxepius ocellata; 
lobulus parvus inflatus, ad ramorum basin autem perseepe cum lobo 
in utriculum magnum convolutus; cell.-parvulee v. fere minutule 
subplanee. Foliola in pusillis’parva ad § bifida, in elatioribus seepe 
magna reniformia apice bidentata, fere semper integerrima. FI. 
monoici v. dioici: 2 terminales, hinc vel utrinque innovati; bractez 
foliis subsimiles magis dentatee ; bracteola ovalis bifida. Androecia 
plerumq. ramulo proprio constantia brevi-v. longispica. 


ce. Perianthia in aliis ecarinata inflata, apice 4-5-cristata-auricula- 
tave vel inermia ; in alvis superne 4-5-anqulata, angulis levibus papulosisve. 
Rami 2 innovando-pluriflori, vel (in Macro-Lejeuneis) simplices uniflori.— 
Plante pallid daccide laxe texte, alice inordinate elongate. Folia 
seepissime acuta, lobulo perparvo nullove. Foliola magna mediocriave, 
in perpaucis parva. Bracteze pro m. denticulate. Amenta ¢ lateralia 
minuta incurva. 


25, Taxi-LesEUNEA.—Elatée humilioresve albido-virides pellucide, laxe 
pinnate, tenui strato repentes penduleeve. F. parum imbricata ovato- 
triangularia seepe subacuminata raro rotundata, apice serrata inte- 
gerrimave, lobulo perseepe obsoleto; cellule mediocres majusculeve 
leptodermes fere vacue. Foliola ;seepe magna raro parvula, basi 
cordata rotundatave, apice breviter—raro ad vel ultra 4—bifida. 
Florescentia (im omnibus?) monoica. Flores ? in ramo-iteratim 
innovando parvifolio seriatim secundi, quasi-laterales, raro ad 2-1 
redacti; bracteze lanceolatee pro more denticulate, lobulo parvo 
nullove; bracteola ovalis bifida raro integra, Perianthia seepe parva 
pellucida obconica vel pyramidata levia vel apice 4-5-cristulata. 

§ 1. Codonocolea.—Perianthia parva tenerrima obconica ecarinata vel 
ipso apice carinulas 4-5 (seepe cristatas) ostendentia.—Folia magna 
seepius apice serrata. Foliola seepe maxima cordato-reniformia, 
apice levissime emarginata v. etiam integra, raro bifida. 


§ 2. Pyramidocolea.—Perianthia submajora a medio—raro fere a basi— 
5-angula, angulis apice ecristatis.—Folia mediocria majusculave, 
rarius apice subserrata. Foliola foliis 2-3-plo minora, apice ad 3-4 
bifida. 

26. Macro-LiseunEA.—Tazxi-Lejeunee Codonocolew e perianthiis parvis 
inflatis apice solum corrugatis aftinis, differt ramis Q simplicibus 
unifloris innovatione carentibus, florescentia dioita, et foliis acuminatis 
sepe convolutivis.—Caules interdum inordinate elongati. Foliola 
maxima cordata. 


27. Or1con1o-LEJEUNEA.—Perianthia habet fere Codonocolearum nonnul- 
larum, fere teretia, apice solo carinata, carinis in auriculam erectam 
integram v. fissam—y. saltem in umbonem—protractis; mnecnon 


LEJEUNEA SCHIZOSTIPA. 


ramos Q utplurimum multifloros ; differt autem statura pusilla 
foliis ete. in sicco, difficillime emolliendis; foliolis parvis vel minutis; 
perianthiis pro m. involucro elongato immersis. suberostribus, 
calyptree stylo alte protruso rostellum simulante. 


d. Perianthia omnium carinata imermia, sepissime levia, ir paucis ad 


carinas tuberculosa. 


* Foliola maxima, raro solum majuscula. 


28. Hyaro-LesEuNEA.—Elatee speciose laxe texte tenerrime, valde 


hygrophore, pallide, in sicco sepe fuscescentes, Inodore, pro m. 
dense stratiticate, ramificatione varia ex parte dichotoma. Folia sat 
magna subimbricata semicordata acuta, raro obtusa rotundatave, a 
lobuli parvuli inflati apice divergentia, seepius celluloso-crenulata, 
facie subleevia; cellule mediocres convexule, pariete vix incrassato, 
Foliola seepissime maxima, paucis sp. integra, ‘plerisque apice biden- 
tata vel breviter bifida. Flores omnium dioici : ? inramo hine vel 
utrinque innovando szepeque prolifero terminales ; bracteze com- 
plicato-lobulatee subacuminatze seepius crenulate raro spinulosee ; 
bracteola obovata emarginata vel subbifida, in unica integra.  Peri- 
anthia pyriformia subcompressa 5-carinata, carinis fere leevibus apice 
rotundo-prominulis—in unica sp. insigniter auritis. Amenta ¢ spe 
terminalia brevia; bractez mediocres antheridia bina magna fo- 


ventes. 


29. Evosmo-LrsEUNEA.—Elatiuscule firmiuscule pallide flavideeve suay- 


eolentes, prostrate: vel pendulie, laxe pinnatim ramose. Folia im- 
bricata devexula semicordato-oblonga rotundata, rarissime acuta, 
asperula rarius levia, celluloso-crenulata ; cellulae mediocres par- 
veeve prominulie euttulatee, pariete ad angulos valde incrassato. 
Foliola foliis fere aquimagna cordato-remiformia- -orbiculatave, apice 
breviter bifida bidentatave. Flores omnium fere dioici: 2 im ramo 
iteratim innovando terminales; bractez complicate angustilobee 
integerrimie crenulateeve ; bracteola angusta (in unica sp. orbiculata) 
apice bidentata. Perianthia elongata alte 5-carinata, carinis levibus 
asperulisve. Bracteze ¢ pauci-plurijuge majuscule diandree. 


*™ Foliola mediocria parvave, raro minuta. 
Pycono-LesEUNEA.—Majusculee albicantes pellucidissimee subodore, 
arcte repentes subramosze. I. confertissima concava semicordato- 
oblonga rotundata, papulosa, interdum ocellata, lobulo vel mediocri 
inflato vel preelongo cylindrico-convoluto; cellule subparvee alte 
prominule, Foliola 2- plo breviora reniformia ad 4 + bifida. Rami 
2 innovandi; bracteee longee incurvee complicate: subinaequilobee 
acuninulate; bracteola lata bidentata vel integra.  Perianthia 
obovata turgida argute 5-carinata. Br. ¢ majuscule pauci-pluri- 
jugee. 


PoramMo-LEsJEUNEA.—Majuseule lurid prostrate. Folia subimbri- 
cata subplana rotundata recte complicata, lobulo majusculo plano, 
cellulis parvulis, Foliola dimidium folium subeequantia subrotunda 
ad 3-3 bifida, segmentis acutis. Rami Q breves, innovatione sim- 
plice nullave suffulti; bractese foliis subconformes. Perianthia 
4—5-gona, apice vel truncata vel carinis apice umbonato-prominulis. 


Br. d majuscule seepe plurijugee, 


LEJEUNEZ SCHIZOSTIPA. 79 


32, Curito-LeseunrA. Humiles depresso-ceespitose varie colorate, in 


sicco seepe luride rufescentes, eaule vage ramoso perseepe ramis 
microphyllis pinnulato. Folia nunquam conferta patentissima semi- 
cordato-oblonga rotundata papulosa, integerrima interdum celluloso- 
erenulata, lobulo semper preesente 3-4-plo breviore turgido; cellule 
parvee chlorophyllo copioso subopacie. Foliola 2-4-plo minora subro- 
tundaad $ bifida, subintegerrima, segmentis acutis. Ramus Q brevior 
longiorve, in plerisque simplex, in paucis innovatus; bracteze lobu- 
latee falcato-divergentes incurvee integerrimie; bracteola anguste 
ovalis breviter bifida v. integra. Perianthia rufa sat compressa, 
carinis posticis humilibus .obsoletisve spe in unam latam fere 
confluentibus, demum ore bilabiata. Calyptra aurantiaca. Bractex 
dg majuscule pauci-plurijuge 


33. Eu-LeseuNEA. Mediocres vel pusille, seepius virides vel albicantes, 


35 


pinnate vel vagee. Folia subimbricata vel dissita, ovata ovaliave 
obtusa rotundatave, in perpaucis acuta, integerrima vel raro celluloso- 
erenulata, lobulo seepius parvulo (interdum obsoleto) inflato vel sub- 
plano; cellule mediocres parvulve, seepius plan pro m. leptodermes, 
chlorophyllo parco. Foliola raro $ folium excedentia, plerumque 
2-3-plo (in sp. pusillis 4-7-plo) minora, ad 3-5 (rarius ad ? usque) 
fissa, segmentis pro m. subacutis, nunquam late obtusatis. Flores 
omnium fere monoici: @ terminales, innovatione (simplice vel pro- 
lifera) suffulti; bracteze foliis angustiores complicate, lobulo parvo 
nullove, integerrime ; bracteola plerumque angusta brevissime vel 
ad 4 usque bifida. Perianthia plus minus pyriformia compressula— 
in paucis magis compressa obcordatayue—5 carinata, carimis raro per- 
acutis, semper inermibus, levissimis vel perraro tuberculosis, An- 
dreecia semper fere ramulo tenui constantia, raro terminalia; bractez 
parvule raro plurijugee. 


34. Micro-LreseunEA. Eu-Lejeuneis Microstipis similes, minutiores. 


Folia minuta dissita integerrima vel celluloso-crenulata lobulo vel 
majusculo 4 folium equante (nunc obsoleto) vel lobo fere zqui- 
magno, cum eodem ad conch instar convoluto; cellule parvee 
minutzve (,-75"™™) sepe opacule. Foliola preeminuta profunde 
bifida, segmentis subulatis. Flores in omnibus fere dioici: 9 ter- 
minales innovati. Perianthia Hu-Lejeunce. 


22. Foliola nulla; haustoria cuique folio tribute. 


. Coto-LEJEUNEA. 


1. Physocolea, perianthiis turgidis argute 5-carinatis, rarissime fere 
ecarinatis.—Plantz pusille preminuteve fragiles vage v. raro 
pinnatim ramosee, caule ramisque ad foliorum insertionem 
geniculato-flexuosis. Folia dissita, basi perbrevi fere trans- 
versa, subrotunda et vel solum concava (nec complicata) lobulo 
vix ullo, vel margine postico toto fere incurvo conchoidea; in 
paucis angustiora acuminataque, lobulo mediocri normali; facie 
seepius papulosa rarissime muriculata; cellule parvee lepto- 
dermes pro m. obtuse (raro acute) prominule. Flores omnium 
fere monoici. Rami ? innovati; bracteze laxe foliis vix di- 
verse, raro complicate. Br. ¢ monandre, in unica C. L. 
calcarea interdum diandre. 


80 LEJEUNEZ SCHIZOSTIPA. 


2. Leptocolea, perianthiis valde compressis seepe obcordatis, postice 
convexis subobsolete 2-carinatis—Plante pusille, grandifolize 
autem, seepe rufescentes. Folia planiora sublingueeformia, 
normaliter parvilobulata. Bracteze foliis multo minores com- 
plicatie, altera minuta cequiloba. 


§ 3. Foliola duplicata, i.e., ewique folvo tributa. 


36. Drenasto-LeseuNEA. Pusillee grandifoliz rufescentes fragiles seepe- 
que tenuissime. Folia plana, insertione peraugusta, dein oblongo- 
rotunda, infra medium complicata, plica margine bidentata vel 
subulata-unidentata. Foliola cuneata bifida-partitave.  Bractec 
parvee complicatee subsequilobee. Perianthia oblonga preealte 5-cari- 
nata. : 

37. Coturo-LesEUNEA. A priore differt foliorum lobo inferiore (nec 
superiore) majore, apiceque in clavam cornuve convoluto-elongato. 
Bracteze minute integre seepe retusee. Perianthia campaniformia 
5-carinata, carinis apice brevicornibus. 


Preeter hos caracteres essentiales, liceat adducere alios, minus constantes 
quidem, utiles autem pro subgeneribus Schizostipis discriminandis. 

Plante elatiores sepeque grandifolie sunt Euosmo-Lejeunee, Hygro- 
Lejeune, plereeque Taxi-Lejeunee et Macro-Lejeunee, nonnullee 
Cerato-Lejeune et Potamo-Lejeunece. 

Pl. statura mediana: Trachy-Lejeunez, Cheilo- Lejeune, Pycno-Lejeunee, 
nonnulle Taxi-Lejeunee, Eu-Lejeunee et Cerato-Lejeune, pauce 
Colo-Lejeunee. 

Pl. pusille: omnes fere Priono-Lejeunee, plures Eu-Lejeunez, Cheilo- 
Lejeune, Otigonio-Lejeuneze, Lepto-Lejeunez, Colo-Lejeunese, Dip- 
lasio-Lejeuneve, paucee Harpa-Lejeunee. 

Pl. exiqgue minuteve: plereeque Drepano-Lejeunee, Harpa-Lejeunee, 
Micro-Lejeuneve, paucee Colo-Lejeunee. 

Folia acuta in Priono-Lejeunea, Drepano-Lejeunea, Crossoto-Lejeunea, 
in plerisque Harpa-Lejeuneis, Trachy-Lejeuneis, Cerato-Lejeuneis, 
Taxi-Lejeuneis, in nonnullis Macro-Lejeuneis, Otigonio-Lejeuneis 
et in paucis Eu-Lejeuneis ; obtusata rotundatave in ceteris fere 
omnibus. 

Folia bracteeque apice saltem denticulata serrulatave, vel margine toto fere 
celluloso-muriculata, in plerisque Priono-Lejeuneis, Trachy-Lejeuneis, 
Drepano-Lejeuneis, Cerato-Lejeuneis, Taxi-Lejeuneis, et im non- 
nullis Crossoto-Lejeuneis, Harpa-Lejeuneis, Lepto-Lejeuneis, Macro- 
Lejeuneis et Otigonio-Lejeuneis; in Trachy-Lejeunea acanthina 
spinosa, in Drepano-Lejeuncis nonnullis pectinatim laciniata. 

Folia bracteaque integerrima (vy. solum obscurius celluloso-crenulata) in 
plerisque Pyeno-Lejeuneis, Potamo-Lejeuneis, Cheilo-Lejeuneis, Eu- 
Lejenneis, Micro-Lejeuneis et Colo-Lejeuneis, Diplasio-Lejeuneis et 
Coluro-Lejeuneis, seepeque in Hygro-Lejeuneis et Euosmo-Lejeuneis. 

Folia luxe texta, cellulis mediocribus v. etiam majusculis—raro parvulis— 
pro m. leptodermibus, in omnibus Hygro-Lejeuneis, Taxi-Lejeuneis, 
Macro-Lejeuneis, Otigonio-Uejeuneis, Coluro-Lejeuneis, in plerisque 
Lepto-Lejeuneis et Eu-Lejeuneis. Folia reti spissiori, e cellulis vel 
minutis. vel pachydermibus, interdumve magis chlorophyllosis, in 
ceteris fere omnibus Schizostipis invenimus. 

Folia plus minus aspera, e cellulis obtuse, acute, v. etiam setoso-pro- 
minulis, habemus in Trachy-Lejeuneis et Pycno-Lejeuneis, in non- 


LEJEUNEA SCHIZOSTIPA. 81 


nullis Priono-Lejeuneis, Crossoto-Lejeuneis, Harpa-Lejeuneis, Cheilo- 
Lejeuneis (gradu minore), in paucis Drepano-Lejeuneis, Enosmo- 
Lejeuneis et Colo-Lejeuneis. In ceteris fere omnibus levia sunt, 
vel e cellulis' convexulis leniter papulosa. 

Foliola maxima (interdum foliis superficie equimagna v. etiam majora) in 
plerisque Hygro-Lejeuneis. Taxi-Lejeuneis codonocoleis, Macro- 
Lejeuneis, in nonnullis Cerato-Lejeuneis et in Trachy-Lejeunea 
acanthina. In ceteris mediocria, parva minutave. 

Foliola, quamvis normaliter bifida, in paucissimis speciebus integra inveni- 
untur, sc. in Harpa-Lejeunea holostipa, in Hygro-Lejeunce. speciebus 
3, in 2 Taxi-Lejewneis et in Cerato-Lejeunea unica. Bracteole integree 
minus infrequentes sunt, sc. in paucis Cheilo-Lejeuneis, Harpa- 
Lejeuneis, Hygro-Lejeuneis et Taxi-Lejeuneis. 

Rami } simplicissimi (s. cladocarpici), sine ulla innovatione, invenimus 
in Cheilo-Lejeuneis fere omnibus, in omnibus Macro-Lejeuneis (sub- 
genere speciebus paupere), in plerisque Trachy-Lejeuneis et Lepto- 
Lejeuneis, in multis Priono-Lejeuneis et in Potamo-Lejewnea poly- 
stachya. Tales rami haud semper perbreves sunt, e contrario in 
Cheilo-Lejeunea folia plurijuga infra florem terminalem haud raro 
ostendunt. In ceterum subgenerum speciebus omnibus adveniunt 
flores 2 in ramo brevi longioreve (rarius-in ipso caule) terminales, 
innovationem e basi proferentes simplicem vy. in plurimis iteratim 
innovando-proliferam. In Taxi-Lejeuneis rami 9 sunt parvifolii 
iteratim innovati, floribus confertis seriatim secundis ad speciem 
lateralibus. 


Bractee + constanter monandre in Drepano-Lejeunea et Colo-Lejeunea, 
in ceteris omnibus Schizostipis diandre nonnisi raro casu monandree, 
rarissime triandre. 


Suscenus I.—STICTO-LEJEUNEA, S. 


Plante elat, pulcherrime, e viridi albicantes fulveeve, corticola et rami- 
cole, seepe ultra matricem horizontaliter porrectes pendulve, in 
planum pinnate bipinnateve, seepe eleganter plumeformes, caule 
rufo nigrescenteve tenaci cellularum stratis plurimis conflato, foliis 
ceeterisque appendiculis e cellulis majoribus pellucidis inter normales 
sparsis ad speciem ocellatis porosisve. 

Folia sat magna imbricata subplana semicordato-oblonga rotundata inte- 
gerrima, lobulo preeminuto involuto sepe decurvo-corniformi ; cel- 
lula minutule firme licet leptodermes, trigonis nullis, subpellucide, 
inferiores elongate; ocelli ubique intervallis subeequalibus dissiti: 
omnes cellulze parum chlorophyllosz. 

Foliola imbricata, foliis zquimagna sed oblata, reniformia integerrima. 

Flores dioici: @ ad caulem v. ramum primarium, in ramulo brevissimo, 
foliis solum unijugis minutis infra florem stipato, terminales, inno- 
vatione brevi parvifolia simplice suffulti. Bracteze foliis fere duplo 
minores, complicato-bilobe, altera (interior) major, lobis inequalibus, 
altera minor, obcordata, lobis equalibus; bracteola obovata. 

Perianthia foliis caulinis sabeequimagna urniformia valde compressa 
apice profunde biloba, lobis (auriculisve) spathulato-rotundis planis 
exalatis, seepe scarioso-marginatis, postice humiliter obtuse unicari- 
nata, capsula emissa bilabiata. 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. L 


82 SrTicto-LEJEUNEA. 


Andrecia vel ramulum totum folio caulino sublongiorem, vel rami pri- 
marii apicem tenentia; bracteze 6-10-jugze arcte imbricate equaliter 
biloba. ; 

Inter Lejeuneas insignis, *solumque cum Platy-Lejeunea, e fl. 2 later- 
alibus, innovatione simplice suffultis, necnon bractea altera equiloba 
comparari potest; differt vero hee colore badio; caule flaccido pauci- 
rameo; foliis, etc. epunctatis; sed preecipue perianthiis margine ciliato- 
cristatis, apice exauriculatis. Revera Neuro-Lejeunee (quam videas) 
multo magis affinis est. 


Hab. In fruticum ramis, in sylvis opacis, secus rivulos preecipue. 


Distr. In sylva Amazonica fere tota, in Andibus humilioribus Peru- 
vianis et Aiquatorialibus, cordillere tam orientalis quam occidentalis, 
ipse legi. In tota America tropica, ab insulis Antillanis per Braziliam 
ad Chili usque, reperta est.—Stirpes mere Americane, in Oriente 
nondum vise. 


1. Sticto-LEJEUNEA SQUAMATA, 


Jung. squamata Willd. in Web. Prodr. 33. Lejeunea s. Nees, G. L. et N. 
Syn. Heb. 322. 


Hab. in fruticum ramulis secus rivulos, rarius in arborum cortice, per 
Andium: orientalium radices, nusquam supra 600 m. ascendens: locis 
Tarapoto, fl. Bombonasa, Pastasa, etc.; in planitie (quoad formam per- 
fectam) rarior: fl. Negro juxta montem Cocuz (inter Braziliam et 
Venezuelam litem), ete. 

F 1:2x°85, 1:1 ‘8, ‘8x °6; lob 1—*125; ¢ 3; f'* ‘8x12; bractew lob 
*8x°55; br 65x ‘55; per 1:05 x ‘9, auricule °35 x °5; caps *35™™. 


Elata, pallide viridis, albescens, raro rufescens, procumbens stratificata. 
Caules e caucdice repente fere liberi, arcte plumeeformi-pinnati et sub- 
bipinnati, ramis alternis, frondem 2-3 pollices longam, } poll. latam, 
ambitu lanceolatam, efformantes. 

Folia late imbricata subplana, tenuia, pellucido-punctata, patula, semi- 
cordato-ovata v. ovato-oblonga rotundata, basi antica caulem late 
transeuntia, postica sinuato-lobulata; lobulus minutus foliis 10-plo 
brevior ovoideus convolutus, sinu decurvus itaque quasi corni- 
formis, apice (occulto) acuto acuminulatove; cellule minutule sub- 
pellucide leptodermes, subeequilatere, inferivres subelongate. Inter 
cellulas normales interpositee sunt alice duplo majores —pellucide, 
annulo chlorophylli opaco in ambitu—ad ocellorum instar, cellulis 
normalibus 4 v. pluribus dissite, per totum folium sequaliter sparse. 
Eodem modo foliola, bracteze perianthiaque ocellata sunt. 

Foliola imbricata foliis eequimagna sed transversa, dimidio latiora quam 
longa, cordato-reniformia, apice lato recurva. 

Flores dioici: 9 quasi-laterales, in ramo primario secundariove brevis- 
simo terminales, innovatione simplice pro more brevi (foliis sub 5- 
jugis) suffulti. Folia rami ? infrafloralia minuta unijuga orbiculata. 
Bractez foliis multo minores complicate; interna (innovationi adnata) 
bipartita; lobis obovatis rotundatis, inferiore duplo breviore angus- 
tioreque, externa duplo minor obcordata, paulo ultra } emarginata, 
lobis subeequalibus semiobovatis. 


- Srrcro-LEJEUNEA. ; 83 


Perianthia foliis rameis submajora caulinis vix «quimagna urniformia 
valde compressa, apice profunde obcordato-biloba, rostello perbrevi 
in sinu, lobis in auriculas spatulato-rotundas reniformesve, planas 
sed non alatas, albo-marginatas dilatatis, postice carina parum ele- 
vata percursa. Calyptra pyriformis tenuis, cellulis unistratis con- 
flata, ad perianthii sinum attingens, demumn inequaliter trifida. 
Capsula globosa (emersa mihi non visa). _ 

Piante ¢ cum @ mixtie, paulo tenuiores magisque ramos. Amenta 
ramulum totum, v. rami primarii.apicem tenentia. Bractez sub 10- 
jugee, foliis duplo minores, julaceo-subimbricatze, eymbiformi-com- 
plicatee, obtuse, ad } fissee, equilobe, antheridia bina foventes. 
Adest bracteola obovata duabus bracteis infimis adscripta, bractez 
autem superiores bracteolis omnino carent. 

Obs. Folia ad 4-4 lat. imbricata, tenuia et quasi vitrea, subopaca tamen, 
apice albido-scariosa. Rami seepe tam conferti ut folia ramorum vicinorum 
contigua vy. subimbricata fiunt. Caules tenaces rufescentes subcompresso- 
teretes, cellulas sub 12 in sectionis diametro monstrantes; cellule sub- 
conformes elongatie, corticales coloratee opacee magis chlorophyllosex, 
interiores pellucide. 

The normal arrangement of the 2 flowers is as follows:—From the 
outer base of the lowest leaf in the interval between two consecutive 
branches on the same side of the stem springs a 9 branch, abbreviated 
to a single pair of minute leaves and their accompanying foliole—all of 
which are suborbicular and entire—below the involucre. Adnate to the 
inner and larger bract, and diverging at a small angle from the axis of 
the 9 flower, grows out a slender innovation, bearing usually only 5 
pairs of ‘small leaves, but sometimes more elongate. 


The form above-described, which 1 consider the perfect state of the 
plant, is the var. y Neesii of G. L. et N. in Syn. Hep. Their var. & is the 
following :— 

Var. macrior (= « Willdenoviana et «* ocellulata Syn. Hep.) differt a 
typo statura minore; caule minus regulariter pinnato; ramis sepe 
plurimis consecutivis abbreviatis floriferisque; foliis etc. minoribus, 
caulinis fere elobulatis, lobulo rameorum magis distincto, in situ 
corniformi, arte explanato quadrato-rotundo.—Hab. prope Pard et 
act fl. Negro superiorem. 


2. Sticto-LEJEUNEA KunzEANA, Gottsche. Tas. III. 
L, squamata W. 8B Kunzeana G. in Syn. Hep. 322. 


Hab. in M. Chimborazo radicibus occidentalibus, e ramis pendula, alt. 
1000m.—In Peruvia et Chili legit. cl. Pépric. 


#13x°8; lob 15; cA; f*% 8x1:1-12; per 15x1-2™™. 

AS. L. squamata, valde affini, diversa videtur caracteribus sequentibus. 

Elatior, 6-9 pollicaris, e pallide viridi fulva. Caules, e caudice repente 
subdiviso, a matrice liberi, nigri, in planum ramosi, bipinnati, ramis 
ramulisque dissitis frondem laxam nec plumeformem efformantes. 

Folia parum (ad }-3 lat. solum) imbricata, oblonga (nec ovata) basi antica 
alte semicordata; lobulus convolutus lageniformis, deflexus, cauli 
contiguus parallelusque (ad Frullanie replicate instar). [Lobulus 
L. squamate decurvus est, sed a linea horizontali parum divergit 


84 Sricto-LEJEUNEA. 


cornuque simulat.] Cellule multo majores, ocelli tamen minus con- 
spicui nec tam symmetrice disposita ac L. squamate. 

Foliola fere conveniunt, lateribus tamen incurva, [nee apice recurva ut in 
L. squamata]. 

Perianthia longiora sunt, auriculis valde dilatatis pulchre albo-marginatis, 
contigiis vel etiam paulo imbricantibus. 


Obs. The branches and branchlets are several pairs of leaves apart, 
which leaves room for from 2 to 4 fertile ramuli between two consecutive 
branches; whereas in L. sguamata more than one is never seen. ‘The ? 
flowers are found on the primary branches more frequently than on the- 
stem, but in L. sqwamata are wholly confined to the latter. 


Suscenus Il.—NEHURO-LEJEUNEA, BS. 


A Sticto-Lejeunea differt statura humilore foliis foliolisque minoribus ; 
caule flexuoso minus regulariter pinnato; foliis divergentibus, e cellulis 
axialibus magnis pellucidis moniliatis, falsinerviis (nee tota superficie 
punctatis, sicut in Sticto-Lejeunea), lobulo sat conspicuo recto; foliolis 
minoribus late cuneatis; floribus 9 in ramo longiore terminalibus 
(dichotomialibus); bracteis foliis submajoribus, fere conformibus ; peri- 
anthiis cuneatis obcordato-bilobis (auriculis oblongis complanatis anguste 
alatis), valde compressis, facie antica planis, postica bicarinatis, carinis 
subalatis. 

Sticto-Lejeunea folia habet tota superficie punctata, flores 9 quasi- 
laterales (cladogenos), bracteas minutas, alteram earum equilobam, peri- 
anthium postice obtuse unicarinatum, margine carinisque exalatum ; itaque 
pro subgenere distincto habendam censeo, 

Hab. In arborum truncis vetustis, perseepe muscis filicibusque irre- 
pentes. 

Distr. Species hujusce subgeneris adhue cognite habitant: 1. L. catenu- 
lata Nees, in America septentrionali, super Hymenophyllum ciliatwm 
et Neckeram abietinam, Hook.; 2. L. Breuteliz, Gottsche, in Antillis; 3. 
L. seminervis, Spruce, ad fl. Negro in Brasilia boreali. 


1. NEURO-LEJEUNEA SEMINERVIS, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylvis fl. Negro superioris ad truncos vetustos; prope S. Gabriel 
et S. Carlos frequens. 


F 55 x 35; lob 15; ¢ Ay; ff 25x °25, 25 x 3; br ‘65% 455 br'* 55x45; 
per *9 x 65, 1-2 « ‘gum, 

Plante latissime effusee intricate, rufo-badia, lurid v. olivaceo-nigres- 
centes. Caules 14-pollicares procumbentes flexuosi confertim pinnati 
y. bipinnati, ramis invequilongis sepe brevibus, fertilibus pro more 
dichotomis. 

Folia arcte imbricata, angulo recto v. majore divergentia, decurva, falcata, 
oblique (vy. semi-) ovato-oblonga rotundata integerrima, a basi ad 4 
long. usque cellulis magnis uniseriatis vittata, vitta angulum sub 
70° cum caule efformante, basin versus sinuato-lobulata ; lobulus 
folio 3-4-plo breyior oyalis inflatus, margine incurvo, apice in dentem 


Nevuro-LEJEUNEA. 85 


linearem acutum involuto producto; cellule minute subsequilaterse 
guttulate, subchlorophyllose, limitibus sat validis, trigonis nullis, 
inferiores submajores oblongo-hexagon, vittee cellule ceteris col- 
lateralibus 23-plo majores ovales pellucide. 

Foliola contigua v. imbricatula, foliis duplo et ultra breviora, rotundo- 
cuneata plana, lobulos vix perfecte obvelantia. 

Flores dioici: 2 in innovationum dichotomia terminales—innovationibus 
raro solitariis, vix unquam proliferis. Bracteze foliis submajores, 
eadem fere forma, lobulo tamen explanato parvo ligulato diagonali ; 
bracteola subquadrata, angulis rotundatis, v. obovata. 

Perianthia alte emersa, seepe maxima, foliis plus duplo longiora com- 
pressa, obcordato-cuneata, apice profundissime emarginata v. potius 
biloba, lobis auriculisve rectis, late oblongis rotundatis complanatis 
rudimentarie alatis, obsolete rostellata, postice bicarimata, carinis 
humilibus interrupte subalatis conniventibus et in perianthii smum 
apicalem confluentibus. 

Plantz ¢ cum 2 mixtée, tenuiores, magis ramos. Amenta v. ramulo 
cauligeno constantia v. rami apice (rarius medio) posita; bracteze 
4-6-jugee majuscule subrotund subeequaliter complicato-bilobe, 


L. catenulata, Nees. (Syn. Hep. 323) folia habet apice eroso-denticulata ; 
foliola minora (“foliis triplo saltem minora”); innovationes semper uni- 
laterales ; perianthia duplo minora (“ lin. vix longiora”), tam lata quam 
1 ; ) 1 

onga. 


Obs. At S. Carlos Lej. seminervis encircles trees of 1 to 2 feet in dia- 
meter from the ground up to a great height, so that they look as if 
wrapped in dingy brown cloth. 


Susaenus II].—PELTO-LEJEUNEA, 8. 


Omphalo-Lejeunee certe peraflinis, tenuior tamen, fere capillacea, tenerior, 
colore pallido. Rami (seepe suboppositi) magis dissitiflori. Folia 
dissita, caule valde convolutiva, oblique ovata pro more acuta; lobu- 
lus eo Omphalo-Lejeuneze haud absimilis, plicee angulo tamen acu- 
tiore; cellule 4 minores, papuloso-prominule, trigonis nullis. Foliola, 
qualia O. Lejeune, cauli semiadnata, longiora tamen, anguste ovalia, 
planioraque. Florescentia utriusque sexus fere eadem ac Omphalo-L. 
Bractezee 2 foliis duplo breviores acuminate apice denticulate; 
bracteola apice bifida. Perianthia alte acute 5-gona longirostria— 
Ultimo caractere, pree aliis, ab O. Lejewnea distinguenda. 


Habitu Taxi-Lejewnee Pyramidanthe satis accedit, caules autem ceespitoso- 
penduli; folia firmiora, cellulis subduplo minoribus subopacis papu- 
losis; foliola perfecte integra dimidio infero cauli adnata; florescentia 
dioica, et perianthia valida alte 5-carinata, caracteres subgenericos 
amplos suppetunt. 


Hab. In montibus sylvaticis e ramulis pendula. 


. Distr. In Andibus Quitensibus (Chimborazo et Guayrapata) etiam in 
Columbianis (Merida), alt. 1200-3000 m., unica species mihi cognita 
rarius occurrit. 


86 PELTO-LEJEUNEA. 


1. PeLto-LEJEUNEA OVALIS, L. et G. Syn. Hep. 754. 


Hab. Ex arborum ramulis pendula,in montibus Andium SSLGIA NDE. SS 
Chimborazo et Guayrapata, alt. 1200-3000 m. 

F10x°6, lob 3; f"%8x5; cab; Or. lob 5; per 1:1x°6, 1°25 

x -gmm, 

Ciespites densi pallidi penduli. Caules 3-6-pollicares filiformes debiles 
pinnati parum radicellosi; rami breves distantes, alterni v. suboppo- 
siti, seepe floribus 9 innovando-secundis quasi-pinnulati. 

Folia vix imbricata primum erecto-patula dein decurvo-convolutiva, basi 
longissima sublongitudinali inserta (7.e. antice preelonge decurrentia), 
semicordato- -ovata, acutata vel leniter acuminata acuta (in var. obtu- 

sata), e cellulis prominulis tuberculata margineque repandula; lobulus 
3-plo brevior subrhombeus trapezoideusve anguste saceatus, plica 
angulum 30°-40° cum caule efformante, recta parum convexa, superne 
planiuseulus y. apice subacuto plus minus involuto; cellule minu- 
tule, firmes, subzequilateree, incrassatee, trigonis antem nullis, solum 
centro pellucidee, ambitu chlorophyllo opacze, inferiores sensim elon- 
catee flexuosze, omnes fere extus convexo-prominule. 

Foliola foliis fere equimagna subcontigua elliptica dimidio inferiore 
cauli adnata, basi utrinque rotundata, vel hine semicordata illine 
rotundata, plana v. lateribus recurva. 

Flores dioici. Rami 9 1-2-, v. 8- (raro 4-) flores paulo dissiti, revera ter- 
minales, ex innovationibus brevibus apice floriferis—rarissime ex 
parte dichotomis—ad speciem laterales, seriatimque secundi. Bracteze 
erectee appressee foliis caulinis duplo minores, ovato-lanceolate 
subacuminatze apicem versus erosulze denticulatzeve, lobulo perangusto 
adnato nullove; bracteola oblonga.v. obovato-lanceolata apice brevi- 
ter bifida, segmentis acutis obtusisve. 

Perianthia foliis subequilonga pyriformia—vel a basi brevi obconica 
obovata—apice obtusato longirostria, alie acuteque 5-gona, opaca, 
firma. 

Pl. ¢ simpliciores. Andreecia spiculis pallidis cauligenis, rectis vel sub- 
circinatis, f. canlinum subsuperantibus, constantia; bracteze foliis 
4-5-plo minores 3-5-jugie, raro plures, laxiuscule equitantes, saccatee 
y. potius galeiformes, ore emarginate v. integra, antheridia bina 
magna brevi-pedicellata foventia; bracteolee ovales vix decurrentes. 


Var. obtusata.—In M. Guayrapata; etiam in Chimborazo, sed rara. 
iP Tb x-6b: 0b 763 f' 7 Tilo x 6s ropa, : 
Forma major fuscidula, caulibus seepe subsimplicibus. Folia longiora 
obtusata—raro etiam rotundata—lobulo majore. Foliola elongata 
ovali-lingueeformia. 


Suzaenus LV.—OMPHALO-LEJEUNLEA. 


arias, Ldng. et Nees, Syn. Hep. 308, pro parte; Phragmicoma, 
Mont. Cent. I1.; Lejewnea, Mont. in @’Orbigny Voy. 
Plante elatze flaccidee flexuiose, prostratee penduleeve, flavescentes, parum 
ramos, ramis seepe suboppositis, caule apice elongato vermiculari, 


OMPHALO-LEJEUNEA. 87 


Folia subconterta erecto-patula valde decurvo-concava—interdum caule 
subconvolutiva, suborbiculata integerrima; lobulus majusculus sub- 
rhombeus caule incurrens subsaccatus, apice brevi incurvo; cellule 
parvulx plans pachydermes, trigonis maximis, centro pellucidee. 

Foliola foliis eequimagna orbiculata, “paulo latiora quam longa, dimidio 
inferiore cauli adnata, valde recurvo-concava. 

Flores dioici: ? ad ramos breves innovatos seriatim secundi, seepeve soli- 
tarii. Bractese foliis minores, lobulo parvo obsoletove; bracteola 
foliolis subangustior, emarginata. 

Perianthia paulo emersa, pyriformi-cylindrica, inflata ecarinata—juniora 
tamen obscure trigona—apice rotundato depresso demum 3—pluri- 
fida, laciniis inflexis. 

Andrecia spicam brevem cauligenam sistentia; bractece 6-juge, raro 
plures, parve, ultra medium bifidee subsequilobe. 


Hab. In saxis arborumque ramulis. 


Distr, Hujus subgeneris unica species cognita Americana est, per 
tropicos novi mundi late distributa, nullibi vulgaris; montes humiliores 
diligit, supra 2000™. vix ascendit, in planitiem rarissime descendit. 


1. OmpHaLo-LEJEUNEA FILIFORMIS (Sw. Prodr. p. 144, sub Jung.) 


Omphalanthus filiformis, N. et O. geminiflorus N. 


Hab. In saxis arborumque ramulis Andium Orientalium tam Peruvian- 
orum quam AZquatoriensium (M. Campana, Fl. Pastasa super, &c.) 
vix ad 2000 m. alt. usque; in planitie rara (caput fl. PROTO): 


Orel dab “25 5 ¢ gs 5 f'* 10173, 9x105; br. lob 8x6; br "6 
xD “per 13x 6, "75 x 6; amenta g 10-—1:'7™. 

Plante age Sokal hen pallid vy. flavidee, opacie, prostrate pendu- 
leve seepe in stratum densum protensz, in sicco interdum rufo- 
badize; caules flexuosi flaccidi parum ramosi, raro pinnati, ramis pro 
more brevibus alternis v. per paria approximatis. 

Folia late imbricata erecto-patula, basi media (ad plicam) acute decur- 
rentia—plica angulum x icordato- 
orbiculata vel-oblongo-rotunda, ex apice et margine postico valde 
decurvis cochleato-concava, a basi ad } subrecte complicata; lobulus 
eaule incurrens ovato-rhombeus subsaccatus, margine transverso in- 
flexo, raro plano,-medio unidentato (dente lobuli apicem sistente); 
cellule parvule subconformes, guttulate pachydermes, trigonis 
maximis, centro pellucide, chlorophyllo in annulum sinuosum con- 
gesto, fere planissimze, minute asperule. 

Foliola late imbricata, foliis eequimagna, oblato-orbiculata, e margine late 
recurvo convexa, ‘dimidio inferiore cauli adnata, facie interna, supra 
hilum rhiziniferum externum, profunde foveolata, rhizinis validis 
fasciatis. 

Fl. dioici: Q ad ramos perbreves, seepe oppositos, innovandos, seriatim 
secundi, 2 v. 3, v. haud raro solitarii. Bracteze foliis minores, 
dimidio inferiore complicatze, lobo obovato rotundato, lobulo angusto 
lineari-rhomboideo vy. obsoleto; bracteola longe brevior obovata 
orbiculatave, e margine infero recurvo spathulata, apice retusa v. 
triangulari- emarginata. 

Perianthia foliis breviora longiorave inflata, fere teretia parum compressa 
sordide rufa, opaca, strato cellulularam tamen unico constantia 


88 OMPHALO- LEJEUNEFA. 


obscurissime trigona, pyriformia, vel a basi obconica subcylindrica, 
apice rotundato. depresso, centro minute perforata, demum 3-pluri- 
fida, Jaciniis inflexis. Calyptra paulo brevior pyriformis, apice sub- 
regulariter 4-fida. 

Amenta ¢ in planta propria cauligena, crebra, globosa, oblonga v. spicata; 
bracteze 2-10-jugee foliis 2- plo et ultra minores, subconferte basi 
turgidissimee, profunde bifidee, lobis subeequalibus ovato-triangulari- 
bus obtusis. Inter Omphalanthum Jjiliformem, Sw. et O. gemini- 
florum, M. et N., nullum discrimen invenio. 


Flores 2 ad ramum brevissimum 1—2-vel 3-ni in una et eadem stirpe; 
ex innovationibus oppositis interdum dichotomiales. 


Suscenus V.—ARCHLLEJEUNEA, Spruce. 


Plantie sat elatee speciosse rufescentes, raro subluride viridesve, in sicco 
tam forma quam colore parum mutate, ramicole et corticola, czas- 
pites v. plagulas dilatatas sistentes, raro aliis hepaticis muscisque 
consociate. Caudex longe repens, caules pro more assurgentes, v. 
ultra matricem (seepe fruticis ramulum) patulos stratificatosque v. 
pendulos, vage—rara subpinnatim—ramosos, ramis plerumque paucis 
inequilongis, in pl. 9 iteratim innovando-elongatis, raro dichotomis, 
subarhizos proferens. 

Folia magna (‘75-2°25"™)—in unica specie (clypeata) parvula—imbricata, 
subrotunda v. sepissime oblonga sublingueformia, valde obtusa 
Seas , nunquam acuta, integerrima ; lobulus majusculus (=folii 

44) subrhomboideus, acutus, apiculatus, ‘bidentulusve, margine (raro 
fotus) planus integerrimus, ad carinam subinflatus, neque vero sac- 
catus; cellule parvule mediocresve, raro majuscule, subconformes, 
leptodermes, v. pariete ad angulos subincrassato, pellucide, solum 
ambitu opacee. 

Foliola foliis subeequilata, breviora tamen, orbiculata v. reniformia, basi 
exciso-amplexantia v. cordata, integerrima, haustoria scopeformia 
rarissiine proferentia. 

Flores dioici, in paucis monoici: 9 in ramo iteratim innovando-prolifero 
terminales, rarissime (in speciebus paucis monoicis) e caulis apice 
dichotomo, florescentiam magnam, 9 vel ¢, in furca gerente, ad 
brachia monotrope innovanda seriatim secundi. Bractev foliis 
parum diversee, integerrime ; bracteola integra v. aliarum sp. 
breviter bifida. 

Perianthia emersa pyriformia pellucida, ex apice rotundato retusove 
(nunquam obcordato) rostellata subcompressa 4 (—5)-quetra—raris- 
sime antice posticeque 2-3-carinulata—carinis raro levissimis, 
plerumque ala rudimentaria interrupte limbatis v. saltem exas- 
peratis—nunquam tamen denticulatis ciliatisve. 

Andreecia rami apicem mediumve tenentia; bractese pro more plurijuge 
foliis paulo minores subineequilobe, diandree. 

[ Brachio-Lejeunca ab Archi-Lejeunea differt: ramificatione in plantis 
fertilibus tota fere dichotoma, in sterilibus seepe laxe pinnata; foliis sepe 
acutis, lobuli saccatt margine ‘transverso cren ulato ; folrolis seepe insigniter 
decurrentibus; florescentva normali paroica et cautoic a; bracteis denticulatis ; : 
perianthiis vi aro subse squaliter 4—5-gonis seepius 7-10- ~plicatis, carinis plicisve 
omnibus sublevissimis. | 


ARCHI-LEJEUNEA. 89 


Hab. In arborum cortice ramisque. Species humiliores interdum ad 
arbores pomiferas ; majores in sylvis, priecipue fl. Negro humilioribus, 
valde copiosze, in plagas prelatas horizontales ad fruticum ramulos 
diffusze, e colore rufo necnon statura elatiore insignes, raro aliis Lejeuneis 
commixte. A. L. Lepriewrit semper riparia palustrisve, interdum 
arborum ramis irrigatis adnata et ex p. fluitans. 

Distr. Per Americam tropicam ab insulis Antillis ad Peruviam austra- 
lem usque ; preprimis in sylva Amazonica (ubi 9 species legi) abundat. 
In Andibus humilioribus, vix supra 600™ ascendens, provenit A. L. 
florentissima, S.; alteras duas species, L. porelloides, 8. et L. crispisti- 
pula, §., alt. 1000™, semel vidi. Ex America septentrionali unicam 
speciem (L. clypeata, Schwein.) habemus. Alize paucie species adveniunt 
in insulis Antillis et Brasilia, quarum 2 (vel plures) etiam in Africa 
australi habitant. Singula species Asiatica etiam in Brasilia et Peruvia 
lecta est. Potissimam subgeneris expansionem in America australi esse 
ex his plane patet. 


§ 1. MonorRoPELLA: ramis 2 monotrope tnnovandis ; florescentia (in 
L, Lepriewrti excepta) dioica ; perianthii carinis pro more scabris. 


A. Dioice, rufescentes. F. basi semicordata. 
a. Bracteola distincte bifida. 


1. A. L. porelloides. Elata. F. maxima elongata lingueformia recte 
complicata. Foliola suborbiculata. Br. foliis subbreviores ; bracteola 
elliptica ad 4 bifida. Per. vix emersa longe 4gono-obpyraimidata, 
facie antica 1-3 carinulata, postica 2 carinata, margine carinisque 
posticis angustissime alato-repanda. 

2. A. L. unciloba. Pr. minor. F. late oblonga sinuato-complicata. Foliola 
oblata reniformi-orbiculata valde recurvo-cochleata, Br. foliis longi- 
ores; bracteola obovata breviter bifida. Per. emersa pyriformia 
4-carinata, carinis levibus v. subasperis. 

3. A. L. badia, F. semicordato-ovato-oblonga, lobulo magno. Foliola 
late cuneato-orbiculata. Br. foliis equilonge ; bracteola magna 
lanceolato-oblonga apice angusto brevissime bifida. Per. subim- 
mersa cuneato-pyriformia compressula postice alte bicarinata, margine 
carinisque rugulosis. 


aa. Bracteola wpice lato rotundata emarginatave. 


4. A. L. recurvans. F. laxe imbricata oblonga, margine antico late re- 
curvo, subrecte complicata, lobulo magno (=f. 4) inflato. Foliola 
suborbiculata recurvo-cochleata, Bracteola obovata subacute emargi- 
nata. Per. emersa pyriformi-oblonga compressula 5-carinata, carinis 
asperulis. 

5. A. L. crispistipula, F. late imbricata ovato-elliptica subplana profunde 
sinuato-complicata, lobulo plus duplo breviore subplano.  Foliola 
reniformia margine sinuato-crispa. Bracteola ligulato-oblonga obtuse 
subemarginata. Per. alte emersa pyriformia compressa, postice 3- 
carinata, antice 1-3-carinulata, subleevissima. 

6. A. L. rufa. F. confertissima semicordato-orbiculata, obliqua et oblata, 
lobulo 3-plo breviore subplano. Foliola majuscula reniformia fere 
duplo latiora quam longa, apice valde recurva. Bracteola prelate 
cuneata rotundato-truntata. Per. subemersa cuneata compressula 
acute 4-carinata (facie antica carinulata), carinis obsolete tuberculosis.. 

TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. M 


90) ARCHI-LEJEUNEA. 


Bb. Monoice, pallida lurideve. F. bast haud semicordata. 

7. A. L. Lepricurti.  Elata lurido-viridis F. subcontigua falcato- 
oblonga, lobulo 5-plo breviore subplano, Foliola oblato-orbiculata. 
Br. foliis minores; bracteola obovato-oblonga rotundata. Per. alte 
emersa pyriformia, apice depressa, subcompressa 5-carinata, carinis 
seabris. 

+ A. L. clypeata. Pusilla albido-viridis. F. subimbricata semiovata 
celluloso-crenulata, lobulo 3-plo breviore subplano. Foliola quadrato- 
rotunda. Br. foliis majores; bracteola rectangulari-oblonga retusula: 
Per. late obovata rotundata, antice leviter 1-, postice alte 2-3-carinata, 
carinis scabris. [America bor. ]. 


§ 2. DIBRACHIELLA: ramis 2 pro more apice primum ditropis (brachiatis) 
dein monotrope*innovandis; floribus monotcis; perianthiv carinis levisst- 
mMUs, 

8. A. L. florentissiina. Foliorum lobulus lobo plus 2-plo brevior. Foliola 
lobulis «equilonga subrotunda. Per. pyritormia longirostria. 

9. A. L. Criigeri. ¥. Jobulus lobo 5-plo brevior. — Foliola foliis 3-4-plo 
minora subreniformia. Per. brevirostria. 


1. ARcHI-LEJEUNEA PORELLOIDES, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylvis tl Negro et Uaupes, preecipue in sylvis humilioribus 
“caatingas” dictis, ad fruticum ramulos; frequens in San Carlos 
vicinia. In Andibus Peruviz, alt. circiter 1000™, rara. 

F295 x 125; lob °75x°5; ¢ sys [7 13x13, 10x 1-25; br 20ebr 
270x105 per 2:0X 0:8™™. 

Elatarufo-badia. Caudex in matrice seepe longissime repéns, pedalis, caules 
2-6-pollicares liberos assurgentes pendulosve—vel perseepe horizon- 
taliter patulos—substratificatos, vage vel subpinnatim ramosos, ramis 
ineequilongis interdum iteratim innovando-proliferis, proferens. 

Folia maxima confertim imbricata, horizontalia vel decurvo-secunda, 
plana, siccando fere immutata, e basi semicordata oblique elongato- 
ovato-oblonga, sublingueformia, rotundata obtusatave, margine 
antico plano, postico supra medium apiceque recurvo basin versus 
incurvo; lobulus 3-plo brevior ovato-rhomboideus acutus applanatus 
(nec inflatus); cellule mediocres vel majuscule, versus mediam 
basin ampliores, lobuli tamen minutule ceteris 2-3-plo minores, 
omnes subsequilaterie, pariete subincrassato, facie interna subrotunde, 
minute sinuatee autem, granis chlorophyll paucis. 

Foliola tenera subplana late imbricata, foliis equilata subduplo breviora, 
lobulos tegentia, orbiculata—in formis minoribus sepe basi subquad- 
rata subcuneatave—apice rotunda retusulave, margine recurvula, a 
basi ad medium fere usque impresso-canaliculata. 

Flores dioici; 9 in ramo innovando-monotropo—rarissime dichotomo-— 
terminales. Bractez foliis caulinis subbreviores lobo ligulato obtu- 
sato, lobulo paulo breviore dimidio fere angustiore subappresso tri- 
angulari-lanceolato vel late subulato; bracteola aquilonga elliptica 
vel elliptico-lanceolata ad 4 anguste bifida, segmentis subobtusis, 
acutis vel raro subacuminatis, seepe tortellis—Folola infrafloralia 2 
vel 3 pro more emarginata. 

Perianthia bracteis subeequilonga, raro longiora, pyriformia (potius longe 
tetragono-obpyramidata), 24-plo longiora quam lata, subcompressi, 
ex apice retuso brevirostria, facie antica apicem versus humiliter 1- 


ARCHI-LEJEUNEA. 9] 


(raro 3-) carinulata, postice alte bicarinata, carinis marginalibus 
posticisque angustissime alatis repandisque vel subtuberculatis. 
Andreecia in planta tenuiore magisque ramosd, terminalia vel medium 
ramum tenentia, julacea; bracteze sub 10-jugie foliis consecutive sed 

duplo minores, inflate, parum inequilobe, diandree. 

Var. longiflora, Spruce, minor, magis compacta, sepius subdichotoma. 
Folia breviora. Foliola fere duplo minora cuneato-orbiculata. Peri- 
anthia pro ratione majora emersa obovato-oblonga vel obpyramidata, 
angulis repando-cristulatis, facie antica superne 3-carinulata ; alia 
magis elongata, fere lineari-oblonga, carina anticé singula, pentagono- 
prismatica.—Ad fl. Negro, juxta S. Gabriel et S. Carlos. 

Var. andina, Spruce, perianthiis haud raro postice asymmetrice 1-carinatis, 
sc. vel altera carina obsolet& vel carinis 2 posticis approximatis in 
unam latam dorso subplanam quasi confluentibus.—In M. Campana 
et Guayrapurina, corticola. 


2. ArcuiI-LEJEUNEA UNCILOBA, Lindenb. 
Syn. Hep. 331. 


Hab. In arborum vetustarum cortice, raro in ramulis, secus flum. 
Amazonum (Pard, Santarem, Obidos, etc.); necnon per totum fl. 
Negro (S. Gabriel, S. Carlos, etc.). Eandem speciem habuerunt cl. 
auctores “Syn. Hep.” e Brasilia, Peruvia et Mexico (necnon e C. 
Bonz Spei ?). 

F'1-0x0°8, 1:05 x °75; lob 35x °3, 3x -25; ¢ Jy; fi 6x9, 6x "75, 

woawos.un 2b: per 1:5 x 1-0, 1:5 x 75 

Procerula depresso-ceespitosa substratificata flavida vel rufo-badia. Caudex 
in cortice longe repens, caules subliberos 1—-2-pollicares vage ramosos 
—interdum decompositos—flaccidos proferens. 

Folia confertim imbricata planiuscula vel seepius decurvo-concava, solum 
basi antica recurvula, late semicordato-oblonga, rotundata, subabrupte 
sinuato-complicata ; lobulus triplo brevior ovali-rhombeus acutus 
apiculatusve appressus fere planissimus; cellule parvulee subcon- 
formes pellucide, pariete ad angulos precipue incrassato, intus plus 
minus distincte plurisinuate, chlorophyllo in annulum congesto. 

Foliola imbricata, 4 folium superantia, dimidio latiora quam longa, lobu- 
los totos obvelantia, oblato-orbiculata reniformiave, basi excavato- 
amplexantia, e margine toto recurvo cochleata. 

Flores dioici: 2 terminales, cum innovatione (raro prolifera). Bracteze 
folia excedentes, ad 3 usque bifida, lobo oblongo rotundato, lobulo 
seepe v1x breviore, angustiore tamen, acuto vel acuminulato; bracteola 
obovata breviter acute bifida. 

Perianthia foliis dimidio longiora, pyriformia, rostellata, compressa, 
antice depressa apicemque versus interdum 1-carinulata, postice 
bicarinata, carinis levissimis vel obsolete tuberculosis, raro magis 
asperis, demum apice 3-4-fida; cellule superiores pulchre guttulate, 
longitudinaliter seriatze, quasi moniliate. Calyptra totum perianthium 
replens, pyriformis, apice subzequaliter 4-fida, valvula quart& ceeteris 
sublatiore (valvulis 2 connatis constante). 

Andreecia in ramis basilaria, media, apicaliave, spicata; bracteze foliis 
sensim minores 6-20-jugie; antheridia bina magna, altero longius 
stipitato. 

Plantula in terris Amazonicis late dispersa, sat variabilis, Forma 


92 ARCHI-LEJEUNEA. 


grandiolia adest juxta Obidos et ad fl. Caipuraé, lobulo margine supero 
rotundato, apice in supremis foliis apiculato-acuto, in inferioribus autem 
solum abrupte acuto vel etiam rotundato.—Altera forma, e fl. Uaupes, 
foliola hic majora lobulos obvelantia, illic per intervalla minora lobulorum 
apices haud attingentia, habet. Ad Manaos fl. Negro advenit forma 
pusilla, lobulis seepe diminutis, foliolis magnitudine variis; altera ad 
Para, in Mastigobryo repens, elongata, foliolis minoribus, lobulos raro 
obtegentibus.—Forme insigniores sunt : 

Var. intermedia, floribunda. Lobulus dimidium folium fere zequans 
foliolis parvulis raro obvelatus, acutus nec apiculatus. Perianthia postice 
distincte bicarinata, carinis approximatis inferne ol)tusis—quasi in unicam 
latam confluentibus—solum apicem versus magis argutis; margine plus 
minus scaberula, interdum grosse subserrata.—Cuript, prope Pard, in cortice. 

Var. unicarinata. Lobulus parvus, folio 4-5-plo brevior, acutus. Peri- 
anthia magis compressa, apice rotundata vel obcordata, carinis posticis 
parum prominulis sepissime in unicam obtusam coalitis, margine sub- 
leevissima.—Pard, in cortice. 


3. ARCHI-LEJEUNEA BADIA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad ramulos foliaque viva in “ caatingas” fluvii Uaupes. 
F 155 x10, 18x 1:05; lob 55°35, °7x ‘5s ¢ aes fl -7 K-75, “8x15; 


br. lob 18x “7-8; br'® 20x 1-05; per 1°95 x 1-05™™, 

Elatiuscula, badia. Caules 1-14-pollicares, e caudice longe repente, ultra 
matricem horizontaliter patuli, ramosi, substratificati, ramis confertis 
iteratim proliferis monotropis. 

Folia dense (ultra $ lat.) imbricata, semicordato-ovato-oblonga, sublingue- 
formia, apice decurvo obtusata—raro subacuta rotundatave, margine 
antico late recurva, postico subrecte complicata ; lobulus magnus = 
folii 2, vel (raro) dimidium fere folium equans, planiusculus, semi- 
ovato-rhomboideus apiculato-acutus, minime foliolo proximo obve- 
latus sed ultra ejus orbem longe protensus; cellule subparvule 
pellucids subconformes, pariete ad angulos et media latera insigniter 
incrassato. 

Foliola dimidio folio subeequilonga late cuneato-orbiculata-reniformiave 
recurvo-convexa, ad basin profunde foveolata—nec longe canaliculata 
qualia in affinibus, 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales, innovatione prolifera suffulti. Bracteze foliis 
equilonge, erectee, ad # vel fere ad basin usque complicato-bitide, 
lobis lanceolatis acutis, superiore plus minus acuminulato, inferiore 
paulo breviore duplo angustiore longe tenui-acuminato; bracteola 
imo longior, perianthium subsuperans, lanceolato-oblonga, apice 
angusto incurvulo brevissime (ad 4) acute bifida, segmentis acuminu- 
latis. 

Perianthia subimmersa, cuneato-pyriformia, compressula retusa subrostel- 
lata, antice depressa obscure carinulata, postice alte bicarinata (carinis 
subapproximatis), angulis omnibus rugulosis. 


Archi-L. recurvans, §., priori e foliorum margine antico recurvo aftinis, 
tenerior, colore clariore, est; differt etiam foliis laxe imbricatis, lobulo 
majore, cellulis submajoribus; sed preecipue bracteola multo minore apice 
Jato solum emarginato, et perianthio emerso. 


From the base of the fold, which is the lowest point of the leaf, the 


ARCHI-LEJEUNEA. 93 


base (or insertion) of the lobe and lobule is along two nearly contiguous 
lines parallel to the axis of the stem, on whose surface they ascend to 
nearly an equal height, the lobe very slightly higher than the lobule. 


4, ArcHI-LEJEUNEA RECURVANS, Spruce. 


Hab. Per fl. Negro totum ad arbuscularum ramulos foliaque, praecipue in 
sylvis “caatingas” circa S. Gabriel et S. Carlos. 

Fi4x°-9; lob -7x°4); cy; f'* 6x7; br. lob 15x75 br'* 12x65 per 
I Gpaccp a. 

Pallide rufa. Caudices longe repentes caules subramosos szepe prolifero- 
innovatos horizontaliter ultra matricem patulos stratificatosque pro- 
ferentes. 

Folia laxe imbricata, patula, sicca subtortilia nec autem decurvo-secunda 
nec convolutiva, tenuia pellucida, semicordato-oblonga ovatove-ob- 
longa, obtusa vel rotundata, a basi ad medium usque complicata, 
biloba, margine ad lobuli apicem vix (vel non) subsinuata, margine 
antico toto late recurva; lobulus magnus = folii $, ovato-rhomboideus, 
inflatus, et vel totus involutus vel ad plicam ventricosus margine tamen 
subplanus, apice longiusculo acutus vel seepissime incurvo-apiculatus ; 
cellule mediocres subsquilatere pellucide, margine lato subopaco 
cincta, fere vacuee, inferiores sensim multo majores pellucidioresque. 

Foliola lobos vix dimidios velantia, foliis duplo et ultra breviora, sub- 
contigua, rarius subimbricata, reniformi-orbiculata (sed e margine 
toto recurvo subrotunda videntur) perpaulo latiora quam longa, basi 
excavato-amplexantia minime autem cordata. 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales, innovatione (seepe monotropo-innovando- 
prolifera) suffulti. Bractes foliis perpaulo longiores profunde com- 
plicato-bilobze, lobo oblique ovali acuto obtusove, lobulo 3-plo minore 
lanceolato subacuminato; bracteola obovata emarginata, sinu apici- 
busque subacutis, margine repando. 

Perianthia emersa, pyriformi-oblonga retusula brevi-rostellata, compres- 
sula, antice depressa—raro apicem versus carinulata—postice acute 
bicarinata, carinis omnibus subalato-asperulis = pellucida, cellulis 
vix elongatis conflata. 


A L. uneiloba Lindenb. certe distincta, preecipue foliis longioribus 
laxioribus pellucidioribus, margine supero recurvo-subsquarrosis, siccando 
subsquarrosis subtortilibus, lobulo duplo fere majore inflato; bracteola 
solum emarginata; demum perianthii carinis semper exasperatis. 


5. ARCHI-LEJEUNEA CRISPISTIPULA, Spruce. 


In arborum vetustarum cortice secus fluvios Negro et Uaupés, locis Vana- 
uaca, S. Gabriel, Panuré, &e.; in M. Campana Andium Peruviano- 
rum. 

F 8x6; lob -3x‘13; ¢ gy; f™ *4x°6; br. lob 115x°4; bre Ox*75 : 
pero xX ge™. 

Tenella rufula laxe czespitosa. Caules e caudice repente assurgentes parce 
et subfastigiatim ramosi, pollicares. 

Folia late imbricata ovato-elliptica rotundata subplana, basi antica dila- 
tata vix semicordata, integerrima subrepanda, paulo intra medium 
profunde abrupte sinuato-complicata, plica recta; lobulus $ folium 
vix equans, subplanus lineari-rhomboideus v. fere rectangularis, mar- 
gine interno cauli parallelo, apice acuto apiculatove; cellule parvule 


94 ARCHI-LEJEUNEA. 


eequilatero-hexagone, inferiores sensim submajores, marginalesminores 
quadrate. 

Foliola subimbricata, foliis 2-plo breviora, Jobulos haud perfecte obte- 
gentia, reniformia, basi excavato-amplexantia, margine pulchre sin- 
uato-crispa. 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales, innovatione semel prolifera suffulti. Bracteze 
foliis dimidio longiores, ad % bilobze, lobis ligulato-oblongis obtusis 
rotundatisve, postico subduplo minore; bracteola obovato-oblonga 
retusa v. obtuse emarginata, margine subcrispula. 

Perianthia foliis caulinis fere duplo longiora pyriformia subrostellata 
compressa, postice 3-carinulata, antice humilius 1-3-carinulata, 
carinis marginibusque sublevissimis. 

Planta ¢ illi L. uncilobe sat similis, minor tamen, tenerior, magis con- 
cinna. Androecia spiceeformia, in summo (raro medio) ramo posita, 
elongata; bracteze 8-12-jugée, equitantes ventricosée fere ad medium 
usque bilobee, lobis obtusatis, postico paulo angustiore. 

Sectio perianthii junioris supra medium facta, monstrat 3  carinas 
posticas subapproximatas, carinula inter has et marginales utrinque inter- 
posita; in facie antica carinulam unicam vel sepius 3 minus distinctas ; 
ex quibus, carinis marginalibus altioribus adjectis, perianthium 8-10- 
carinatum plicatumve evadit. 


6. ArcH1-LEJEUNEA RUFA, Spruce. 

Hab, Ad fl. Amazonum prope Santarem et Obidos, in cortice vivo. 

F'-9x1°0; lob 3x25; ¢ po-zy; f'* 55x10; br 1:25; br’ 1-25x1-2; per 
ico xegun 

Mediocris rufescens effusa. Caules repentes, in plagule margine elongati, 
distanter breviter ramosi, czeterl pollicares apice assurgentes parce 
ramosi, unifariam innovati. 

Folia confertissima subdeeurva valde oblique semicordato-orbiculata, 
latiora quam longa, antice caulem late transeuntia, postice sinuato- 
complicata; lobulus=folii 4 (ramorum=f.2) rhomboideus subplanus 
acuminulatus; cellule parve equilateree subpellucide inferiores 
submajores. ; 

Foliola imbricata reniformia, fere duplo latiora quam longa, margine 
supero valde recurva. a 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales, innovatione spe prolifera suffulti ; folia sub- 
floralia sensim majora, foliolisque rotundioribus; bracteze proprize 
foliis caulinis fere dimidio longiores obovato-oblongée obtusee, lobulo 
subbreviore acuto; bracteola eequilonga prelate cuneata, angulis 
rotundatis, integra. 

Perianthia subemergentia f. caulino 4 longiora cuneata, apice rotundato- 
truncato-subretusove tenui-rostellata, postice alte bicarinata, antice 
l-carinulata, margine carinisque obsolete tuberculosis.— Perianthia 
sectione trapezoidea, facie antica medio elevata (carinulata), posticd 
fere equilata planissima, angulis omnibus peracutis. 


unciloba differt foliis densissimis, latioribus quam longis; foliolis 
- 4d. : ee te hy ao 
prelate reniformibus; bracteola apice truncato integra (nec bifida) ; 
demum perianthio breviore magis cuneato quam pyriformi. 
7. ArcHI-LEJEUNEA LEepRIEURI, Mont. ? 
In G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 319; A. L. potamophila, Spruce, Mst. (1854). 


ARCHI-LEJEUNEA. 95 


Hab. In arborum radicibus ramisque inundatis, ad fluminis Amazonum 
tributarios boreales, fl. Negro et Casiquiari preecipue, frequens. 
Planta revera riparia, imo interdum subfluitans. In sylvis palustri- 
bus Guian Gallic invenit LEPRIEUR. 


7a 55 lob 152; cD: f@ 3x35; br 6; br 63 per 12x 7mm. 


Elata sordide viridis, lurida seepeque limo obruta, prostrata parum strati- 
ficata. Caules 2—4-pollicares, ramificatione crebra sed irregular, 
raro pinnata vel subbipinnata. 

Folia parum imbricata vel solum contigua, apice dissita, subplana, mar- 
gine supero incurva, falcato-oblonga rotundata (forma fere eorum 
Omalie trichomanoidis), recte complicata; lobulus 5-plo brevior—in- 
terdum minutus, linearis subplanus, basi supra caulem incurrens, sinu 
in lobum sensim abiens ; cellule parvulz subconformes leptodermes, 
chlorophyllo copioso in annulum congesto subopace, medio pel- 
lucidee. 

Foliola dissita, foliis 2-plo minora, oblato-orbiculata-obovatave. 

Flores monoici: 9 in ramo spe brevi terminales, innovatione simplice 
proliferave suffulti. Bracteze foliis minores, lobo anguste obovato 
rotundato, lobulo duplo breviore rhomboideo acuto, vel minore et 
oblique triangulari; bracteola obovato-oblonga rotundata integra. 

Perianthia foliis duplo fere longiora, turbinata pyriformiave, apice 
depresso rostellata, subcompressa, 5-carinata—rarissime postice 3-cari- 
nata, antice leviter 2-carinulata, carinis omnibus subalatis asperulis- 
que. Calyptra perianthium fere implens, ovalis, apice inzequaliter 
3-valvis, infra medium incrassata cellulis 2-3-stratis constans. Pedi- 
cellus obscure noduloso-constrictus haud geniculatus. Capsula 
globosa; elateres preelongi valvulas fere aquantes. 

Andrecia polyphylla, medium ramum spe tenentia; bracteze foliis con- 


secutive, paulo breviores, subinzequaliter complicate, concave, apice 
bilobe. 


Obs. Cum L. Leprieurii, Mont. descriptione 1. c. haud exacte convenit 
—quoad staturam nostratis majorem et folia falcata praecipne—eandem 
speciem tamen censeo.—Forsan etiam eadem est L. parviflora, Nees, a cl. 
Martio ad flumen Amazonum lecta, cui tamen adscripta sunt folia ovato- 
oblonga, lobulo minuto triangulari subnullove; ceeterum nostra minime 
“parviflora” est, quum perianthia longitudinem 11™™, attingunt. 


L. clypeata, Schwein. (Virginia, Sullivant M. Allegh. no. 262) nostrz 
aflinis, differt statura pusilla; colore albido-viridi; foliis minoribus semi- 
ovatis obscure subfalcatis; foliolis longioribus quam latis; bracteis g 
paucijugis. 

Specimina L. Lepriewrit pulcherrima, ramis foliisque Randie Ruizir 
ex parte adnata, ex parte libera et in aquis fluitantia, ad fluv. Casiqui- 
ari legi; alia in ipsa terra inundata vigebant. Itaque in schedis meis 
hance speciem primum appellavi Lejeuwnea potamophila, Mst. 


8, ARCHI-LEJEUNEA FLORENTISSIMA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad fruticum ramos, in planitie Amazonica rarior (Caripi prope 
Parad); in Andium radicibus, precipue secus rivulos, magis frequens 
(Tarapoto, etc.); etiam ad fl. Ventanas prope Guayaquil, in Theo- 
bromate). 


96 ARCHI-LEJEUNEA. 


F 10x °75, ‘9x °65; lob’4x°4;¢ 35; br 75; br'* 6x°4; per 10x°6; cal 


pat 

Pusilla virescens, siccando flavida raro rufula. Caules e candice repente 
suberecti 1-14 pollices longi parce (raro symmetrice) bipinnati, 
ramique primarii iteratim innovando-proliferi, monotropi—raro 
primum dichotomi, florescentia maxima, ¢ vel @, in axilla, brachiis 
monotropis. 

Folia subimbricata subplana, oblique oblonga ovatove-oblonga, szepe fal- 

cata, obtusata rotundatave, medium versus sinuato-complicata ; 

lobulus 4 folium fere eequans ovalis, in situ tam convoluto-inflatus 
ut fere linearis videatur, apice incurvo-bidentatus, dente supero lon- 
giore subulato, vel (in var.) muticus; cellule parvule pellucide, 
pariete ad angulos incrassato, chlorophyllo parco, inferiores sensim 
muinores. . 

Foliola foliis plus duplo breviora dissita subrotunda, interdum retusula, 
plus minus recurva vel etiam squarrosa. 

Flores monoici: Q creberrimi ad ramos innovando-proliferos terminales, 
quasi seriatim secundi. Bracteee foliis subbreviores ligulato-oblongee 
obtuse, lobulo longe minore plano apice sublingulato, interdum ad 
dentem oblique triangularem acutum redacto ; bracteola ovalis apice 
repandula. 

Perianthia foliis subequilonga, pyriformia subcompressa longe rostellata 
alte 5-carinata, carinis levissimis vel rarissime rudimentarie alatis, 
antica humiliore, demum apice 4-fida, valvulis cuspidatis. Calyptra 
paulo brevior pyriformis, brevistipitata, tenuis (solum ipsa basi 
cellulis bistratis conflata), demum apice equaliter trivalvis, longistyla. 
Pedicellus paulo exsertus, siccando obscure noduloso-constrictus 
haud geniculatus. Capsula globosa albida profunde 4-fida, valvis 
recurvis ; elateres pauci longiusculi prope valvularum apicem, juxta 
margines preecipue, inserti. 

Andreecia vel terminalia vel ad caulem inferiorem lateralia, longispica 
julacea; bracteze plurijugze foliis caulinis sensim subminores, laxius- 
cule complicato-turgide, breviter bifidee, lobo superiore paulo majore. 

Var. «. monotropa, caule apice simplice—rarissime furcato—flore 9 magno 
terminal, ceeteris floribus 2 ad ramos innovando-monotropos, fl. ¢ in 
jisdem ramis terminalibus ; foliorum lobulo apice bidentato—raro 
unidentato muticove.—Perianthia ad ramorum innovationes interdum 
tam numerosa quam foliorum juga, seepe autem dimidio solum 
numero sunt.*.—Tarapoto, ad frutices secus rivulos ; Caripi, prope 
Para, ad arbores pomiferas.— 

Var. f. calliandra, caule elatiore, apice furcato-cymoso, spica mascula 
maxima erecta in furca; foliis magis falcatis, lobulo apice in folium 
transeunte sine ullo dente terminali; perianthiis elongatis tenui- 
pyriformibus.—Prope Guayaquil, ad fluvios Ventanas et Daule, in 
cortice. 

* Capsula hujus var. in notulis meis sic descripta est. Valvule } capsule 
semicircumiferentie sequantes, lanceolate recurvule. Cellule strati exterioris 
tesselate, subrhombee, parietibus valvule marginibus subparallelis (nisi mar- 
ginales minores subquadrate) ad angulos columnis validis fulcitis, membrana 
secundaria valde sinuosa; cellule interiores subequimagne crebre papillose, 
papillis plurimis brevibus, aliis autem in pilum fere elongatis. Elateres pauci, 
subapicales, valvulis subequilongi, angusti, apice in annulum obtuse quad- 
ratum dilatati, helice simplice pertenui arctiuscule contorta. Spore magne 
tuberculose, 


ARCHI-LEJEUNEA. 97 


Obs. The Para plant is the same as that from eastern Peru, and differs 
from that of Guayaquil, at the western foot of the Andes, in the leaf- 
lobule having an incurved tooth at the apex, and mostly an adjacent 
smaller tooth on the upper margin; and in the terminal (or axial) flower 
on the main stem being usually 2, while the end of each branch bears 
a short ¢ spike, beyond the two, three, or more 9 flowers that are set 
along the branch. But many plants of both forms are purely female, 
without any male spike. 

Montagne’s figure of his L. Aubertana in Sagra’s History of Cuba, t. xix. 
f, 3, is not unlike our plant, but the leaves are said to be subrotund. 


9, ARCHI-LEJEUNEA Crucert, Lindenb. 
In G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 319. 

Hab. Pard, in cortice (R. 8. 1849). In insula Trinidad invenit CRUGER. 

Pe 7oax55, lob “15,0 3; f* 2x3, 25°35; br 6; br'* “6x 353. per 
ai tec 

Mediocris, rufescens ; caules pollicares, parum ramosi, 

Folia contigua vel subimbricata, late patula fere divergentia, oblique 
oblonga rotundata, basi antica subdilatata obscure semicordata, postica 
subsinuato-complicata ; lobulus 5-plo brevior semiovato-rhombeus 
inflatus, sinu brevi, apice subobtuso plerumque incurvo occultoque ; 
cellule subzequilateree pellucidee, annulo opaco cinctze, mediz 3™™. 

Foliola 3-4-plo minora orbiculato-reniformia subsquarrose patentia. 

Fl. monoici: 2 in ramo homotropo-innovando terminales ; bractez foliis 
minores ovales subacute fere ad basin usque bifid, lobulo parvo 
lineari v. sublanceolato; bracteola anguste oblonga retusula. 

Perianthia alte emersa foliis subdimidio longiora, pyriformi-oblonga, duplo 
et ultra longiora quam lata, apice rotundato brevi-rostellata, antice 
earinulata, postice alte bicarinata, subleevissima. 

Andreecia caulem ramosve terminantia seepe longispica; bracteze majus- 
cule (foliis caulinis sensim minores) complicate, basi ventricose, apice 
breviter bilobz, lobis obtusatis subineequalibus. 

L. florentissima habet lobulum dimidium fere folium zequantem ; foliola 

duplo fere majora, tam longa quam lata, &c. 


Suspeenus VL—P7TYCHO-LEJEUNEA. 


Plante ramicole erectze penduleve virides, siccando seepe pulchre flavee. 
Caules 3—4-pollicares, caudice brevi repente orti, laxe pinnati—raro 
ex parte dichotomi—laxifolii, arhizi; rami semel pluriesve innovati, 
1—pluriflori, fceminei, innovatione apicali tamen sepissime mascula; 
flagella nulla. 

Folia subplana, siccando fere immutata, elongata, acuta apiceque seepissime 
serrulata spinulosave, raro integerrima, parvilobulata ; cellule medi- 
ocres parvuleve leptodermes chlorophyllosz zquilateree oblongeve. 

Foliola foliis duplo breviora quadrato-rotunda subreniformiave, apice 
truncato retusove spinuloso v. integerrimo, 

Flores monoici: Q ad speciem in ramis laterales—revera in innova- 
tionibus successivis terminales—raro dichotomiales. Bractez foliis 
minores angustiores, lobulo sublongiore, serrulats rarissime integer- 
rime, bracteola integra v. breviter bifida. 

TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. N 


98 PrycHo-LEJEUNEA. 


Perianthia emersa oblonga obsolete rostellata compressula, 7—10-plicata, 
plicis obtusis (primum, ut videtur trigona): in speciebus orientalibus 
omnibus zqualiter symmetriceque 8- v. 10-plicata. 

Amenta ¢ longispica, bracteis majusculis. 


Hab. et Distr. Unicam speciem americanam cognitam prope Guayaquil 
ad Theobrome truncos legi; ceeteree 6-vel plures insulis Malayanis, rarius 
Indiz peninsula, incolee. 


Ptychanthus, Nees, Hep. Eur. III. p. 211; Syn. Hep. 289. 


Mastigo-Lejeunea, 3 Thysano-Lejeunea, differt caule firmiore valde denst- 
folio, raro equaliter pinnato, aliis ramis decurvis flagellaribus ; foliis e 
margine late incurvo faleatis, siccundo caule cireumvolutis ; cellulis minu- 
tulis insigniter incrassutis; foliolis plus minus cuneatis, apice lato lunu- 
latim exciso spinulosis ; fl. 9 juxta caulis ramorumque apicem innovantem 
confertis ; bracters foliis majoribus serratis spinosisve ; perianthis triquetro- 
prismaticis, carinis ala serrulata laciniatave auctis.—Unica species Ameri- 
cana, M. L. plicata Spruce, perianthiis 6-8-plicatis ad Ptycho-L. accedit ; 
ceteris caracteribus autem recedit: se. ramificatione vaga, aliis ramis 
flagellaribus; foliis subfalcatis valde obtusis; dioicis; bracteis integer- 
rimis. 

Ptycho-Lejeunea Theobrome. Autoica et paroica, elata dichotoma; rami 
spicis ¢ pinnulati. F. semicordato-ovata subobtusa, superiora 
subapiculata, lobulo minutissimo. Foliola duplo breviora sub- 
cordato-rotundo-quadrata, subtruncata, fere integerrima. Bracteze fl. 
2 foliis plus duplo breviores, lobis acutis, raro apice 2-3-dentatis, 
inferiore longe minore. Per. oblonga obtuse 7—9-plicata. 


+ Ptycho-Lejeunea suleata (Ptychanthus sulcatus Nees). _Robusta pinnata ; 
rami vel simplices (seepeque apice masculi) vel dichotomi, flore ? 
sterili in furea, altero flore plerumque fertili ad quemque ramulum 
(ultra florem recte innovando-continuum). FF. semicordato-ovato- 
oblonga ex subrotundo apice apiculato-acuta repandula integerrima, 
lobulo 4-5-plo breviore apice cum lobo acuminato-conflnente. F's 
duplo breviora orbiculari-reniformia, apice recurvulo subretusa re- 
pandulave. Br. ultra $ complicato-bilobe acute, lobulo lineari- 
rhomboideo. Per. a basi conicé rectangulari-oblonga, subcompressa, 
10-plicata.—J ava. 


+ Ptycho-Lejeunea Javanica (Ptychanthus Javanicus Nees). Robusta pin- 
nata; rami seepe decurvi, in sicco subcircinati. F. semicordato- 
ovato-oblonga sensim acuminata acuta, apicem versus dentato-ser- 
rulata-spinulosave, toto margine leniter incurvo, lobulo minuto 
subinfllato, FI! vix duplo minora subquadrato-orbiculata, basi sub- 
cordata, apice rotundo-truncato toto crebre spinuloso. Br. foliis 
subeontormes, duplo fere breviores. Per. oblongo-turbinata, alte 
10-carinulata.—Java, Sumatra, &e. 


F19x1:1, lob -25, ¢ do; f'@ "L:0'x 1°05. 67, 115s per lds bes 


Var. Moluccensis (= Ptychanthus Molucccensis Lac.) F. magis abrupte 
subacuminata; minus arvute dentata, margine postico toto involuto 
(lobulo obsoleto) antico plano,.—Celebes, &c. 


Var. intermedia (Ptychanthus intermedius G.). F. solum acuta sub- 
serrulata, lobulata (idem ac in typo). F'!* haud diversa, nisi pro 
apice solum denticulato.— Java, 


Prycuo-LEJEUNEA. J9 


t+ Ptycho-Lejeunea semirepanda(Phragmicomasemirepanda Nees). Robusta, 
ex p. dichotoma. F. suboblique semicordato-oblonga, acuta acuminu- 
latave, superne dentata subspinosave (ramorum raro integerrima), 
lobulo 5-plo minore subovato inflato. F' recurva, obovato-orbiculata, 
apice rotundato-truncato repanda vel denticulata. Flores Q dicho- 
tomiales; br. foliis sublongiores, acute, superne dentato-serratze, lobo 
semiobovato, lobulo duplo breviore lineari. Per. obovato-oblonga 
compressa 8-plicata.—Java. 


1. PrycHo-LEJEUNEA THEOBROMA&, Spruce. 
Hab. ad fluvium Ventanas prope Guayaquil, in Theobrome ramis. 


F18xX1°3, 2°0X 1-2 (ramea), lob 2, ¢ dg 5 f° x7; br lob 14°75 per 
16x73 br gf -6™™, 


Elata pallide viridis. Caules 3--4-pollicares suberecti iteratim dichotomi, 
ex parte spicis masculis pinnulati, steriles tamen laxe pinnati. 


Folia subimbricata semicordato-ovata, basin versus latiora, superne sensim 
angustata, apice decurvo subobtusa, abrupte acuta vel superiora 
subapiculata, integerrima vel terminalia apice angulata, margine 
postico subincurva basique minutissime complicata, plica angusta 
folio 10-plo fere breviore; cellule parvulee paulo elongate, omnes 
fere subconformes, Folia caulina breviora latioraque, ramea 
longiora. 

Foliola dissita, vel superiora contigua, foliis 25-plo breviora, rotundo- 
quadrata, basi subcordata, apice lato subtruncato repandula, a basi 
ad medium late sulcata. 

Flores monoici: 9 cymosi, nempe flore majore in caulis apice furcato 
terminali, floribus 1-3 utrinque ad innovationes oppositas (brachiatas) 
seriatim secundis. Bracteze foliis plus duplo breviores, ad basin fere 
bilobee, lobis lingueeformi-lanceolatis plus minus acutis, raro apice 
2-3-dentatis, inferiore longe minore angustioreque; bracteola ovata 
late emarginata vel breviter bifida, vel apice inzequaliter 3-dentata, 
complicata recurva. 

Perianthia emersa viridia oblonga, sectione obtuse trigona, facie antica 
biplicata, lateralibus uni-biplicatis (unde perianthia 7-9-plicata 
evadunt) laevissima vix rostellata. Capsula globosa. 

Andreecia vel ramulis cauligenis constantia, longispica, vel ramos 
foemineos terminantia; bracteze 10-plurijugze foliis triplo breviores 
equitantes complicato-bilobz, parum inflate, lobulo postico angus- 
tiore. Ramuli interdum solum ex parte masculi; foliis inferioribus 
superioribusve caulinis conformibus. Raro flos foemineus cum suo 
perianthio ramulum masculum terminat (florescentia paroica !). 

L. florentissime §. subaftinis, triplo elatior est; folia foliolaque duplo 
majora, illa plerumque acuta, lobulo fere obsoleto, haee subquadrata 
basique subcordata; perianthia (pro foliorum ratione) longe minora, 
oblonga (nec obovata,) pluriplicata. Andreecia nunquam in caule 
terminalia speciosaque (ac in L. florentissima) videntur. 

Cum Ptychanthis veris orientalibus habitu, ramificatione laxe pinnata 
textura, etc. bene convenit; a plerisque differt foliis foliolisque integer- 
rimis (dum in Pt, Javanica; Moluccensi, etc. superne argute dentata 
sunt), quo caractere tamen Pt. sulcatus N. (e Java) equaliter gaudet. 
Distinguenda hee ultima foliis ex rotundo apice integris: foliolis lati- 


100 PrycuHo-LEJEUNEA. 


oribus quam longis; bracteolis apice integris; periauthiis equaliter 10- 
plicatis. 

Flores Q Ptychanthi Javanict (zeque ace Pt. Moluccensis, intermediique, 
que mere prioris varietates videntur) in ramo brevi terminales, inno- 
vatione simplice mascula suffulti; P#. sudcate autem in ramo primum 
furcato, dein alternatim innovando positi sunt, eodem fere modo ac in 
nostra Ptycho-Lejeunea Theobrome. 


Suscenus VII. 


MASTIGO-LEJEUNEA, 8. 


Phragmicoma Syn. Hep. p.p.; Thysananthus N. Syn. Hep. 


Elatiuscula, late depresso-czespitosa, apice virescens, inferne fulva fusces- 
censve. Caudex longe repens denudatus subramosus, seepe multi- 
caulis. Caules 1-3-pollicares validi assurgentes parum ramosi, vel 
subregulariter pinnati; alii rami apice florentes, innovando-prolongati; 
alit (pauci) flagellares parvifolit decurvt radicantes. 

Folia mediocria (0°9-1'7™™ longa) conferta, humida distiche pectinatim 
patula, sicca pro more decurvo-convoluta, plus minus lingueeformia, 
apice triangulari subacuta obtusave—raro rotundata vel apiculata, e 
margine toto postico (apice excepto) late incurvo subfalcata, seepeque 
ad speciem ligulata; lobulus 3-4-plo brevior, lineari-rectangularis 
rhomboideusve subinflatus, margine plano integerrimo, apice acuto 
bidentellove; cellule plerumque parvee minutuleeve pariete Incrassato 
utriculo sepe constricto, subopace pellucideve, inferiores majores 
magisque elongate. 

Foliola foliis paulo (raro duplo) breviora, plerumque sublongiora quam 
lata, cuneata—basi angusta, apice dilatata—retusa vel late emarginata, 
integerrima vel apicem versus subdenticulata. 

Flores monoici vel dioici: 2 in eaule ramove, apice iteratim monotrope 
innovato, terminales, ad speciem seriatim secundi, conferti—inter- 
dum creberrimi—rarissime dichotomiales. Bractez foliis subeequales, 
acutiores, integerrime vel serrulatie, lobulo in aliis obcordato-bifidulo; 
bracteola angustior, emarginata vel breviter bifida. 

Perianthia sepius emersa, prismatico-triquetra, pyriformia obovatave, 
raro linearia, apice obtuse truncato rostellata, carinis vel nudis vel 
plus minus alatis, ala in paucis latiuscula et laciniata vel ciliata, in 
unica duplicata; rarissime, plicis ad latera interpositis, 7-10-pli- 
cata-carinatave. Calyptra perianthio sat brevior rufa firmiuscula, 
clavato-pyriformis, ab apice ultra medium in valvulas 3, quarum 
duas sublatiores ovales, tertiam lanceolatam, dehiscens. Capsula 
subglobosa ultra dimidium quadrivalvis; valvule pallide rufz re- 
curvulz facie interna papillosa et ab apice ad } longit. elateribus 
tenuibus unispiris, apice dilatato-truncatis, sparse obsite. Pedicellus 
perianthio parum longior, ex ejusdem carina postica apice hiante ex- 
trusus, pallidus crassus, cellulis majusculis cylindricis collateralibus 
21-seriatis (5 in diametro, axialibus uniseriatis) conflatus, siccando 
ad cellularum apices nodoso prominulus, ad internodos constrictus, 
quasi-articulatus, non autem geniculatus. 


Obs, This subgenus divides naturally into two sections, viz. :— 
lL. ‘LriGono-LiseuNEA (= Phragmicome pays, “Syn. Hep.”). 
2. Trysano-Lusnunna (= Vhysananthus Lindenb. et “Syn. Hep.”) 


MAstiGo-LEJEUNEA. 101 


These agree in habit; in the almost constant-presence of flagella ; 
in the closely-set leaves, which are lingulate or ligulate—or at least 
appear so from a wide incurvation of their postical margin ; in the 
cuneate, retuso-truncate or emarginate underleaves ; in the repeatedly 
innovant 9 stems or branches, and in the trigonous perianth. But 
in 
Thysano-Lejeunea the leaves and underleaves are often. finely denti- 
culate or spinulose, and the triquetrous perianths spinose at the 
winged edges; whereas in 

Trigono-Lejeunea, leaves, underleaves and perianths are quite 
entire. 

These are the only tangible differences, except a slightly closer 
texture in Thysano-Lejeunea, and they can scarcely be regarded as 
more than sectional. 

If, however, for the sake of retaining the name Thysananthus, 
which has already been applied by Lindenberg to one of these 
groups, we prefer to regard each group sub-generic, then our first 
section will stand as Mastigo-Lejeunea proper. 


Mastico-LesEUNEA normalis. 
(sive T'rigono-Lejewned), 

Hab. In arborum cortice, raro in saxis; planitiem diligit, neque in 
montes nisi humiliores ascendit. 

Distr. Tres species in regione Amazonica et Subandina degunt, qua- 
rum una, M. L. awriculata (Wils.) in planitie solum ad fl. Amazonum 
ripas observavi; in Andium Peruvie radicibus paulo frequentior est ; 
per orbem terrarum autem in terris tropicis et subtropicis late distributa 
est, primum in America boreali extratropica a cl. DRUMMOND inventa ; 
ex Indiz orientalis diversis locis, sub nom. Phragmicome. versicoloris 
Lehm. et Lg., lectam habemus. Ceeteras duas species ad fl. Negro et 
Orinoco legi, Alize paucee species in regione paleotropica crescunt, e9., 
Phragmicoma humilis Gottsche et Phragm. ligulate. Kurz. 

A. Perianthia triquetra, faciebus levibus vel raro carinuld und alterdve 
percursis. 


1. M. L. auriculata, Monoica. Caules parce innovando-floriferi. — F. 
abrupte acuta obtusave. Br. lobo subacuto, lobulo sepius rotundato. 
Per. emersa pyriformia tenuirostria. 

[M. L. humilis (G.) Dioica? Caules subpinnati, ramis seepe dichotomis. 
F. obtusata raro abrupte subacuta. Br. lobulo retuso subobeordatove. 
Per. emersa obovato-oblonga, alte triquetra vel (carinula postico- 
laterali adject&) asymmetrice 4-carinata.—Java.—A M. L. wuriculata 
wore separanda. | 

2. M. L. innovans. Monoica. Caules creberrime innovandi, fl. 2 con- 
fertissimis. F. apice semicirculari rotundata. Br. lobo rotundato, 
lobulo obeordato. Per immersa obcordato-obovata triquetra, faciebus 
leevibus. 

[|M. L. ligulata (N.; L. et Ldng.) Dioica, Caules inferne pirnati, superne 


102 MastiGo-LEJEUNEA. 


bis terve dichotomi, floribus 2 in dichotomiis necnon ad brachia 
monotrope innovanda. F. ligulata obtusa vel ‘abrupte subacutas 
lobo sepe subapiculato. Br. lobulo in apicem lanceolatum longe 
protracto. Per, tricarinata, levia, facie antica unisulea.—Pulo 
Penang. Banca.) 


B. Per obscurius trigona, carinulis utraque facie adjectis 7-10-plicata. 


3. M. L. plicatiflora. Dioica. F. oblongo-lingueformia subfalcata ob- 
tusissima. Br, lobis angustis obtusis. 


1. Mastico-LEJEUNEA AURICULATA, Wils., in Drummond’s Mosses of 
S.S8., No. 170. Phragmicoma versicolor, L. et L. Syn. Hep. 297. 


Hab. In sylva Amazonica, prope Santarem et Obidos, super cortices, 
etiam prope Pard et in Andibus Peruvianis ad alt. 800™ usque. 


F 1:05 x ‘8, °9x°7, lob °3, ¢ gs—ps 3 f* 6x ‘5, “75x 65 ; br. 10; br'* 8x 
76s perdb x <75™™. 

Late laxiuscule ceespitosa, inferne olivacea fuscave, surculorum apice 
tamen semper ascendentes, basin versus denudati et subfastigiatim 
ramosi, ramique superne prolifero-elongati. Adsunt etiam stolones 
pauci flagelliformes parvifolii apice decurvo radicantes. 

Folia dense imbricata, ad Bazzaniz instar distiche deflexa, suboblique 
semicordato-ovata (e margine infero toto incurvo subtalcata) apice 
triangulari subobtusa v. abrupte acuta, complicato-biloba, ad lobuli 
sinum spe crispata; lobulus 3-plo brevior linearis v. dimidiato- 
ovatus, apice brevi acuto sepius obliquo, involutus v. fere explan- 
atus; cellule superiores minutule, inferiores sensim majores, omnes 
subrhombeee incrassatee subopace. 

Foliola foliis dimidio breviora late cuneato-oblonga, retusula, tota longi- 
tudine insigniter canaliculata. 

Flores monoici: Q@ secus ramorum apicem seriatim secundi—revera in 
ramo iteratim innovando-prolifero terminales. Bracteze foliis sub- 
wequales, lobo ovali subacuto recurvulo, lobulo 2-plo breviore rhom- 
boideo rotundato rarissime emarginato; bracteola obovato-oblonga 
emarginata carinata. 

Perianthia folia plus minus superantia pyriformia triquetra tenui-rostel- 
lata, carinis leevissimis—rarissime ale fragmentis asperulis—postica 
interdum duplicata. Calyptra obovata tenuis, perianthio satminor. 
Capsula globosa subdepressa,—Perianthia aliquando utraque facie 
varinulé und alterave aucta, de modo ut ad L. plicatifloram accedit 
species. 

Andreecia in rami primarii medio apiceve posita; bractew pro more pluri- 
juge laxiuscule. 

Specimina Drummondiana archetypa (Mosses of 8. 8. 170) a nostris 
laud discrepant nisi statura paulo minore et perianthiis brevioribus ultra 
bracteas vix emersis. 

L. 248 hb. (Santarem) eadem est, in hac tamen lobulus margine supero 
vepe angulato-2—3-crenulatus invenitur. 


Var. virens (Mastigo-L. virens, Mst, hb. L. 502). In Andibus Peruvi- 
anis humilioribus sat frequens, vix supra 800™ alt. ascendens, locis Tara- 
poto, Tavalosos, Mt. Guayrapurina, etc.; necnon in palme trunco ad 
fluvium Guama prope Pard.—Forma insignis, vix pro specie propria 
habenda, differt a typo; statura majore; foliis margine supero magis 


MASTIGO-LEJEUNEA. 103 


incurvo-appressis, lobulo bidentulo; foliolis oblatis reniformibus; bracte- 
arum lobulo subrotundo emarginato; perianthii carinis fere constanter 
alatis—ala 2-5 cellulas lata.—Folia inferiora plerumque rotundata, supe- 
riora apice triangulari obtusata rarius abrupte subacuta; lobulus sepe 
semiovalis, utrinque sensim angustata, sinu preelato obliquo, plica ultra 
lobulum verum transeunte. Foliola seepe late obcordato-cuneata—vel 
fere obcordato-reniformia, alis late recurvis. 

Inter formas hujusce speciei probabiliter enumeranda est Phragmicoma 
teretiuscula, L. et G., Syn. Hep. 745 (Gottsche, Mex. Leverm. 175) que 
vix differt nisi foliis sublongioribus. Phr. iuliformis Nees Syn. Hep. 
298, plane valde aftinis est, si non eadem. 

Phragmicoma repleta, Tayl.! Mst. (Madras: Wight in hb. Hook.—speci- 
mina ab ipso Lindenbergio ad Phr. versicolorem L. et G. redacta) eadem 
certe videtur ac Phr. humilis, Gotts.! (Java: hb. Lindberg). Heee autem 
vix differt a Lejeunea auriculata nisi statura minore, lobulo foliorum in- 
curvo-apiculato, perianthiisque preealte triquetris. 

In omnibus formis, jam supra memoratis, caules vidimus ad ramos 
novellos pulchre virides, basin versus plus minus fuscescentes. 


2. Mastico-LEJEUNEA INNOVANS, SPRUCE. 
Hab. Ad arborum truncos propre Panuré fl. Uaupes. 


#V25% 9; lob *5X°25; cs f* 75x75; br. lob 1°6 x -75, lobul 1-1 x°7; 


bria 1°3 X °6 3 per 1:25 x *75™™, 

Elatiuscula badia procumbens. Caules 2-pollicares implexi vage ramosi, 
ramique iteratim (ad 10ies) innovando-proliferi, innovationibus 
mono- (raro hetero-)tropis pauci-confertifoliis 2—3-floris ; alii rami 
apice attenuato decurvo radicantes. 

Folia densa, patula, concava siccando haud arcte (vel vix) convolutiva, 
falcata late semicordato-ovato-oblonga insigniter rotundata—apice 
semicirculari, basi subdecurrentia, margine postico late sinuato- 
incurva, complicato-biloba (plica ultra lobum protracta); lobulus folio 
24-plo brevior, semiovato-rhomboideus-rectangularisve acutus, medio 
margine unidentatus, solum ad plicam inflatus, ceeterum planus 
appressus; cellulee minutule subrhombez, incrassate, pulchre pel- 
lucidze, inferiores sensim majores. 

Foliola imbricata, } folium superantia, late rotundo-cuneata-obovatave, 
retusula, repandula integerrima, a basi ultra medium canaliculata. 

Flores monoici: 2 creberrimi, seriatim secundi, terminales,—ex inno- 
vationibus quasi-laterales. Bracteze foliis majores recurvo-falcate, 
ad 2} bilobze; lobus oblique obovato-ovalis rotundatus incurvo- 
canaliculatus; lobulus fere eequilatus, dimidio brevior, subrotundus 
vy. late oblongus, subrevolutus, apice lato insigniter obcordato-emar- 
ginatus: bracteola obovato-lanceolata oblongave, duplo longior quam 
lata, retusula, marginibus plus minus revolutis. 

Perianthia subimmersa obovata triquetra, apice subobcordato brevissime 
rostellata, carinis valde compressis exalatis, raro obsolete alato- 
repandis. Capsula globosa 4-partita vix exserta. 

Amenta ¢ ramulis propriis constantia, folio caulino plus minus longiora, 
plerumque 2 v. 3 ad cujusque innovationis primariz basin fasciculata, 
polyphylla, julacea, decurva; bracteze parvee usque ad 20-jugee. 


The stems and branches sometimes mnovate as often as ten times, each 


104 Mastico-LEJEUNEA. 


innovation diverging slightly from the direction of the one preceding. 
In reality the innovations are double that number—cor more—for each 
main innovation has 2 (rarely 3) perianths at the apex, So near as often 
to touch each other; yet each upper perianth terminates an additional 
innovation, so short that it has only a single pair of leaves below the 
tlower. 

The calyptra in this and other allied species is rufous, clavato-pyriform, 
of firmish substance, and splits for the emission of the capsule regularly 
into 3 valves, whereof two are broader and oval, the third lanceolate; 
they are all obtuse, and are separate to or below the middle of the calyp- 
tra. This plainly indicates that the calyptra originates in the union of 
a pair of leaves, with their intervening foliole, precisely as the perianth 
does. 


3.- MAstigo-LEJEUNEA PLICATIFLORA, Spruce. 

Hab. In arborum cortice ramulisque, in sylvis fl. Negro humilioribus 
precipue (San Carlos) etiam ad fl. Orinoco cataractas (Maypures), 
rarius ad saxa prope Tarapoto Andium Peruvie. 

F 145x°85, 1:2x8, 1:0x°6; lob 3x°15; ¢ AA; f* 6x ‘65, “6x “75, 
4x °45; br 1°55 br 1°-4x1°0; per 15x 9, 15x -75™™. 


Late prostrato-czespitosa, vix stratificata, rufo- vel fusco-badia, apice vire- 
scens. Caules, e caudice longe repente subdiviso, 2-3-pollicares 
tenuiusculi horizontales pendulive vage ramosi, ramis pro more 
brevibus sepe prolifero-elongatis, raro dichoto mis, interdum assur- 
gentibus, aliis deflexis, subaphy llis microphyllisve, radicantibus. 

Folia plus minus imbricata, angulo recto divergentia, subdeflexa, siccando 
convoluta raro patentia e marginis postici inflexione subfalcata, ob- 
longo-ovatove-lingueformia, obtusa rotundatave, subrecte compli- 
eato-biloba ; lobulus 4-plo brevior ovato-rhomboideus subacutus, ad 
plicam inflatus, ceterum planus appressus, margine interno (siniis) 

cauli parallelo; cellule parvulz subopacze subelongatee thombeo- 
hexagon pachydermes, subbasales medi laxiores pellucidioresque. 

Foliola subduplo breviora, imbricata, subrotunda, v. cuneato-rotunda, 
raro reniformia, apice reflexo retusa obcordatave, margine basi re- 
curva, a basi ad 4 alt. canaliculato-impressa. 

Flores dioici: Q terminales, raro e dichotomia, innovatione pleramque 
unilaterali prolifera suffulti, Bractes foliis longiores, ultra # bifidee, 
lobo oblongo-lanceolato-ligulatove obtuso, lobulo subconformi duplo 
breviore ; bracteola magna late oblonga retusa emarginatave. 

Perianthia vix emergentia, pyriformia ‘oblongave, rotundato-truneata 
obsolete rostellata subcompressa, utraque facie 2-3-carinata, carinis 
marginibusque sublevibus raro rudimentarie alato-rugosis. 

Andreecia medio caule ramove posita; bracteze plurijuge foliis consecu- 
tiva paulo breviores confertioresque, subsequaliter bilobz basi turgide, 
diandre. 


Perianthia normaliter apicem versus 10-plicata, plica tamen una alte- 
rave laterali aliquando obsoleta, 7—-9-plicata fiunt. E plica media postica 
ceteris subvalidiore, perianthium in sectione trigonum evadit; ex quo, - 
necnon e foliis linguzformibus opacis, lobulo rhomboideo margine plano 
appresso; foliolis retusis, basi brevi insertis (unde facile solutis) affini- 
tatem aliquam cum Thysano-Lejeunea patet, majorem autem cum Mastigo- 
Lejeunea, e.g. cum M. L. auriculata (Wils.). 

Ad S. C arlos del Rio N egro adest var. tenuissima, elongata, subdicho- 


Mastico-LEJEUNEA. 105 


toma, foliis oblique ovalibus plerisque rotundatis, foliolis late emarginatis 
repandulis. 

Phragmicoma ligulata, Kurz! (in ins. Banca a Kurz lecta) valde affinis 
est, foliolaque fere exacte conformia. Folia autem duplo longiora quam 
lata, ligulata, interdum subacuta; bracteola angustior carinato-complicata 
eroso- repandula, Perianthia nondum vidi, sec. cl. Lindenberg autem 
tricarinata sunt, caeterum eplicata. 


Suspcenus VII.*—THYSANO-LEJEUNEA. 


Sive Mastigo-Lejeunea, § Thysano-Lejeunea = Thysananthus, Linden. 
Sp. Hep. = Bryopteris, Sp. Nees. 


Hab. Ad arborum humiliorum przecipue truncos ramosque in terris calidis 
eequinoctialibus. 

Instr. Th. L. amazonica, S., per totam planitiem Amazonicam fere tri- 
vialis, habitationum viciniam diligit, in montes nusquam ascendit, 
neque ad Andium pedem oceidentalem visa fuit. Th. L. dissoptera, 
Spruce (Thysananthus comosus, Syn. Hep. quoad stirpem Americanam) 
solum e Guiana anglica possidemus. Tertiam speciem, Th. L. ptero- 
bryoides, 8., haud sine dubio hue relatam, quum plantam masculam 
solum vidi, ad Andium pedem orientalem inven. Quarta species, 
e descriptione videretur, Lejeunea cognata, Nees, e Brasilia allata, 
mihi adhuc ignota.—In regionibus paleotropicis multo magis nume- 
rose videntur species, quarum ipse examinavi Thysananthus comosus, 
Lindenb.! (typus), Th. spathulistipus, Ldng., convolutus Ldng., reni- 
lobus, G.: omnes insulis Malayanis incolas ; alizeque paucz orientales 
enumerantur.—Tres species Novo- Zelandicas, a cel. Taylor ad Thy- 
sananthum adscriptas, e descriptionibus vix congeneres censerem. 


Obs. This group has few representatives in equatorial America, but one 
species, Th. L. amazonica, is perhaps more frequent than any other Lejewnea 
on the Amazon and its tributaries, where it occurs as a weed on old Cala- 
bash and other trees, planted near dwellings. I thought, at first it might 
be a form of Thysananthus comosus, Lindenb., but having now examined 
in Hooker’s herbarium the original specimens on which. “that species was 
founded, I find it quite distinct. Lindenberg’s “ species,” indeed, com- 
bines the characters of two distinct species—the one American, from 
Guiana, the other Asiatic, from Pulo Penang and New Guinea. A careful 
study of Hooker’s specimens has convinced me that the eastern plant, 
Th. L. comosa, Ldng. vera, is a different species from the western, which I 
call Th. L. dissoptera, n. sp. (See below, after Th. L. amazonica.) 

The eastern tropics would seem far richer in species of Thysano-Lejewnea 
than the western. All the oriental agree with the American species in 
habit and texture ; in the form and armature of the perianth ; the crowded 
leaves and flowers ; the very acute and usually toothed leaf-points ; and 
the cuneate emarginato-truncate under-leaves, usually toothed upwards. 
Th. L. spathulistipa differs from all the American species in having the 9 
branches usually dichotomous. 


A. Caules elati, pro more laxe inequaliter pinnati. Folia foliolaque con- 
ferta, apice minute serrulata vel integerrima ; cellule subplane. 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XY. oO 


106 THYSANO-LEJEUNEA. 


Thysano-Lejeunea amazonica—Monoica. F. ovato-lingueeformia, pun- 
genti-acuta subapiculatave. Foliola duplo breviora, late cuneato- 
obovata emarginato-truncata ; angulis subapiculatis, margine supero 
subserrato. Br. lobo acuminulato subserrato, lobulo ligulato acuto 
apice denticulato; bracteola superne serrulata, breviter. bifida, seg- 
mentis acuminulatis. Per. sublineari-prismatica, carinis apicem suba-. 
latis denticulatisque, 

2. Th. L. dissoptera. Dioica? <A priore differt foliis ovali-rotundis ab- 
rupte apiculatis; foliolis dimidio majoribus apice seepius rotundatis ; 
br. spinulosis, lobulo subrotundo apice 2-3-fido; perianthio obovato, 
carinis latiuscule bialatis, alis duplo laciniatis. 

[Th. L. comosa, Ldng: Dioica? <A prioribus duabus differt foliis den- 
sissimis ovatis, apice cucullato abrupte apiculatis, lobulo minuto; 
foliolis majoribus oblongo-cuneatis (apice ac in Th. amazonica); 
br. lobulo oblongo- rotundo subbifido, toto margine laciniato-serrato; 
bracteola integra (nec bifida) margine subduplo inciso-serrata; per. 
carinis longiciliatis—Nova Guinea. Pulo Penang.| 

[Th. L. convoluta, Ldng. Dioica, robusta fuscidula, fastigiatim ramosa. 
F. conferta subtransversa, arcte incumbentia vel subpatula, sem- 
cordato-ovata ex rotundo apice minute apiculata, integerrima, cymbi- 
formi-concaya, toto margine inflexo; lobulus 5-6-plo brevior planus 
semiovatus subacutus; cellule parvulze obscure, utriculo lneari 
sinuoso. F!* paulo breviora, plus duplo angustiora angulato-denti- 
culata.—Java. | 

[Th. L. reniloba, Gottsch.? sub Phragmicoma. Dioica, majuscula fusco- 
badia pinnata et subbipinnata, ramis omnibus fere apice decurvo flag- 
gellaribus. F. conferta distiche divergentia semicordato-ovata 
apiculata, integerrima apiceve angulato-denticulata, toto margine 
antico valide recurvo, postico dimidio inferiore late incurvo, superiore 
late recurvulo (unde folia insigniter torta videntur); lobulus 5-plo 
brevior, subplanus, late semiovatus, apice minute bidenticulatus; 
cellule parvulee oblong, basales multo longiores laxioresque. 
Foliola sublatiora quam longa, cuneato-spathulata, apice lato rotun- 
dato, retusulo excisulove, “minute denticulata.—Banca (Kurz !). 
Cum nomine Gottschei male congruit. | 

[Th. L. spathulistipa, Ldng. Dioica, majuscula, flavida, dichotome ramosa 
et flabellata, rarius sttbpinnata. Folia imbricata patula semicordato- 
ovato-oblonga peracuta acuminulatave, apicem versus dentato-serru- 
lata, e margine postico late incurvo, antico recurvulo, falcata; lobulus 
4-plo brevior linearis acutus bis infle -xus; cellule parvulee elongate. 
Foliola cuneato-obovata, e margine basin versus recurvo ad speciem 
spathulata, apice exciso- truncato dentato- -spinulosa, Br. foliis longi- 
ores, bipartite, lobo grosse serrato, lobulo laciniato; bracteola 
obovata- oblonga apice late emarginato spinoso-serrata. Per, obovato- 
cuneata triquetra retusa brevirostria, carinis supra medium crista 
laciniato-ciliata auctis.—Ceram. Java. Mauri itius. | 

B. Caules humiles plumeformi-pinnati. F. foliolaque toto fere mar- 

gine orgute serrulata; cellule papuloso-prominule. 

3. Th. L. pterobryoides. Dioica. Caudex validus longe repens, caules 
plures stipitatos frondiformes edens. 


THYSANO-LEJEUNEA AMAZONICA, Spruce. 


Hab. Per totam planitiem Amazonicam, in sylvis humilioribus praecipue 
recentioribus, ad fruticum ramulos raro etiam ad truncos. 


THYSANO-LEJEUNEA. 107 


F171, 15x °8, 1:35 x ‘85; lob 35x15; c Jn; f' 75 x°7, (7x8; 
br 1-4; br'* 14x °8; per 2°0 x “7mm, 


Elatiuscula, fuscidula, apice virescens, ceespitoso-stratificata. Caudex longe 
repens ramosus denudatus. Caules 1-3 pollicares assurgentes rigidi- 
usculi nigrescentes, pinnatim subramosi, raro symmetrice plume- 
formi-pinnati; alii rami devexi microphylli radicantes. 

Folia confertissima pectinatim patula convexa, siccando caule arcte cir- 
cumvoluta, suboblique ovato-oblonga linguzeformia e margine postico 
valide sinuato-incurvo subfalcata, pungenti-acuta seepe subapiculata 
integerrima, v. superiora apice angulata v. etiam subserrulata; lobu- 
lus 4-plo brevior linearis v. anguste rectangularis apice bidentellus, 
e folii margine incurvo seepe absconditus, plica longe ultra lobuli 
apicem transeunte; cellule: minutule pellucidee rhomboidee v. 
rhombeo-hexagone insigniter incrassate, nucleo angusto sinuato, in- 
feriores sensim multo majores. 

Foliola imbricata dimidium folium equantia late cuneato-obovata, e 
margine subbasilari recurvo spatulata, a basi fere ad medium im- 
presso-canaliculata, apice lato emarginato-truncata, sinu lunulato 
subacutove subintegerrimo, angulis apiculato-acutis, margine apices 
versus repando v. obtuse subserrato. 

Flores monoici: 2 in caulis ramive apice monotrope innovando 2-3-ni 
conferti, foliis solum unijugis inter duos flores consecutivos inter- 
positis; innovatione terminali seepe elongata foliosa apice iterum 
innovando-florifera. Bracteze foliis subsequales, complicato-bilobz, 
lobo forma foliorum acuminulato subserrato, lobulo dimidio v. duplo 
breviore ligulato acuto apice denticulato; bracteola equilonga longe 
cuneato-obovata carinata breviter acute bifida, segmentis acuminu- 
latis, supra medium serrulata. 

Perianthia subemersa 2-3-plo longiora quam lata, a basi brevi cuneaté 
triquetro-prismatica—raro subobovata, facie antica convexa medio 
unisulea, margine valde devexa, carinis acutis apicem versus per- 
anguste alatis denticulatisque vel spinulosis, dentibus dissitis subu- 
latis v. brevioribus haud raro obsoletis, apice rotundato-truncato 
minute rostellata. 

Andreecia ramulos terminantia; bracteze sub 6-jugze laxiuscule foliis sub- 
breviores, lobulo majori involuto. 

Thysananthus comosus Lindenb.! Syn. Hep., (Guiana, hb. Hook.—ex- 
empla typica—Thysano-Lej. dissoptera Spruce) certe distincta videtur, 
colore rufo-badio; caulibus elatioribus seepe bipinnatis; foliis ovali-rotun- 
dis abrupte apiculatis; foliolis dimidio majoribus, eadem forma ac 
Thysano-L. amazonice, apice tamen rotundatis vel obscure retusulis—nec 
insigniter lateque exciso-emarginatis ; bracteis magis spinulosis, lobulo 
subrotundo apice 2—3-fido; bracteola breviter bifida, segmentis acuminu- 
latis, spinoso-serrulata; perianthiis obovatis, ab apice ultra medium latius- 
cule trialatis, alis bilamellatis, lamellis bis laciniatis. 

Thysananthus comosus Lindenb.! Syn. Hep. lc. (Nova Guinea, hb. 
Hook. ete.—alia exempla typica) tertia species erit. Folia habet omnium 
densissima, oblique ovata, apice decurvo-cucullato abrupte apiculata sub- 
denticulataque; lobulum minutwm folio 6-plo breviorem; foliola dimidio 
majora oblongo-cuneata, apice exciso denticulata; bractearwm lobulum 
oblongo-retundum apice subbifidum, toto margine laciniato-serrato; bracteo- 
lam foliolis parum diversiformem (nec bifidam) margine autem subduplo 
inciso-serrato; perianthia (juvenilia), apice carinisque crebre longiciliata. 


108 THYSANO-LEJEUNEA. 


Obs. The composite species “ comosus ” was founded by Lindenberg on 
the two forms above described, and his description in Syn. Hepat. com- 
bines the characters of both. I have examined the type-specimens in 
herb. Hook., named by Lindenberg himself, and find them abundantly 
distinct.—If the oriental plant is to be regarded the true “ comosus,” 
then the Guiana plant may bear the name Thysano-Lejeunea dissoptera 1 
have given it above. 


2, THYSANO-LEJEUNEA DISSOPTERA, Spruce. 


Thysananthus comosus Lindng. Syn. Hep. 288, pro p. “ Guiana”: hb. 
Hooker! (Ipse nusquam leg). 


F13x1:1; lob 35, ¢ Jy; f* &X°85; br 1:4; per 15x10; ale 25% 
late. 

Elata procumbens. Caules 3-pollicares ineequaliter pinnati v. bipinnati, 
‘amis nonnullis (inferioribus precipue) devexis microphyllis radi- 
cantibus. 

Folia rufo-badia conferta decurva oblique ovali-rotunda abrupte apicu- 
lato-acuta, margine postico late incurva (unde subligulata vide- 
antur) nec raro subdenticulata ; lobulus 4-plo brevior angustus semio- 
vato-linearis, ad apicem usque cum lobo confluens, vel dente brevi 
prominens, inflexus involutusve ; cellule parvule iis L. amazonice 
conformes, 

Foliola late imbricata foliis dimidio breviora, prelate cuneata, paulo latiora 
quam longa, e marginis inferioris recurvatione subspathulata, apice 
rotundato raro obscure retusulo denticulata, a basi ultra medium 
impresso-canaliculata. 

Flores dioici: 2 rari, terminales, innovatione simplice v. parce prolifera 
suffulti. Bractez foliis perpaulo longiores suberectze; lobo longe 
oblique ovato subacuminulato apice margineque postico subspinuloso; 
lobulo vix ad lobi } alt. usque cum eodem connato dein libero, 
lobo duplo breviore subrotundo apice bifido (raro 3-fido), segmentis 
acutis, margine toto spinuloso; bracteola eequilonga ovali-cuneata, 
breviter bifida, segmentis acuminulatis, spinoso-serrulata. 

Perianthia apice vix subemersa, obovata, trigona, ex apice subemarginato 
brevi-rostellata, angulis ab apice ultra medium latiuscule alatis, alis 
duplicatis, utraque bis laciniata, lacinulis hamatis; facie antica inter- 
dum obscure obtuse biplicata, lateralibus 1-plicata; plicé una alter- 
ive raro apice cristulifera. Calyptra paulo brevior angustiorque 
ovali-pyriformis demum apice 3-fida. 


+ THYSANO-LEJEUNEA Comosa (Lindng.). 
Thysananthus comosus, Lindng.! Syn. Hep., p. parte. 

Hab. Pulo-Penang (hb. Hooxsr!). Nova Guinea (hb. LINDBERG!). 

F 15x 1-0, lob 25; ¢ gy—ady 3 [11x 7; “br 2:0™™, 

tobusta rufo-badia. Caules bipollicares inferne fastigiatim divisi, dein 
pinnati, aliis pinnis decurvis microphyllis apice radicelliferis. 

Folia arctissime imbricata, concava, in sicco julaceo-convolutiva, oblique 
ovata, apice decurvo-cucullato abrupte apiculato-acuta seepeque sub- 
denticulata, margine postico involuto basi minute complicato; lobulus 


THYSANO- LEJEUNEA. 109 


folio 6-plo brevior, subrotundus vel seepius semiovatus, integerrimus, 
truncatus vel confluens; cellule valde obscure, medi elongatze 
(utriculo collapso), folii mediam basin versus majores discolores- 
que. 

Foliola appresso-imbricata, foliis paulo minora, oblongo-cuneata, apice 
retuso excisove subdenticulata, tota longitudine profunde sulcata, 
margine laterali tam reflexo ut spathulata videantur. 

Flores dioici: @ ex innovationbus subrecte continuis seriatim secundi. 
Bractez foliis majores, ad 3 bifidee; lobo late semiovato subacumi- 
nato superne serrulato; lobulo dimidio breviore, perpaulo angustiore, 
oblongo-rotundo, apice seepe subbifido, toto margine laciniato-serrato; 
bracteola foliolis paulo longior, magis sulcata undulataque, a basi 
fere subduplo-inciso-serrata. 

Perianthia (valde juvenilia) triquetra, apice carinisque ciliis longis fim- 
briata. 


3. THYSANO-LEJEUNEA PTEROBRYOIDES, Spruce. 


Ad fluvium Pastasa, alt. 400™™, in arborum ramulis: planta mascula sola, 


rara. 
War 7, lob -25¢ 2; f'* 55x 6; br g-6x 5mm, 


Caudex longe repens validus nigrescens parvifolius, demum fere denudatus 
nisi pro radicellis hypogenis. Caudex j~-1-pollicares assurgentes, 
arcte plumeformi-pinnati, frondem ovatam sistentes, pinnis alternis 
confertiusculis raro pinnulatis. 

Folia pallide viridia, ad 4 imbricata, plana, siccando immutata, suboblique 
semicordato-oblonga abrupte subacuta, apicem versus, vel (ramea 
precipue) toto fere ambitu, ineequaliter serrulata et submuriculata, 
margine postico toto incurvula basique involuta; lobulus minutus, 
folio 7-plo brevior ad pliculam inflatam redactus, vel in foliis rameis 
magis distinctus et semiovatus; cellule minutule subopace, guttu- 
late, papuloso-prominulz, marginales conicze, subbasales duplo longi- 
ores pellucidee. 

Foliola imbricata, foliis plus duplo breviora, late cuneata, basi subcordata, 
apice lato truncato profunde emarginata, sinu plerumque triangu- 
lari, angulis acutis, margine toto fere minute vero argute et subdupli- 
cato-dentato-serrulata, alis recurvulis. 

Flores dioici: @ (haud visi). 

Amenta ¢ rara, ramos normales terminantia (nec ramwo proprio con- 
stantia). Bractez sub 5-jugee, foliis caulinis duplo et ultra minores, 
equitantes parum inflate complicato-bilobse, lobis rhomboideis 
obtusis serrulatis, subeequilongis, inferiore duplo angustiore; anthe- 
ridia binata stipitata; bracteole anguste oblong retuso-truncate 
apice serrulate. 


Planta elegantula tenella, dubie affinitatis, Thysano-L. amazonice certe 
similis, habitu, foliolis cuneatis emarginato-truncatis, cellulis minutis 
elongatis, pariete (inferiorum precipue) incrassato, etc. ; differt heec foliis 
magis confertis, terminalibus solis apice subdenticulatis, lobulo longiore 
thomboideo, floribus monoicis, ete. In plantis LZ. amazonice sterilibus 
adest frequenter eadem ramificatio plumeformis-pinnata ac in nostra, 
minus densa tamen, aliisque ramis flagellaribus.—Thysananthus spathu- 
listepus Lindenb. forsan magis affinis erit, caulibus sterilibus flabellato- 
pinnatis, foliis apicem versus dentato-serrulatis, foliolis apice insigniter 


110 THYSANO-LEJEUNEA. 


excisis dentato-spimulosis, conveniens ; ceteris caracteribus autem di- 
versus. <A ceteris Thysano-Lejeuneis omnibus differt nostra foliis in sicco 
planissimis—nullo modo cauli convolutivis. 

Dendro-Lejeunea (= Bryopteris fruticosa L. et G.) affinis est florescentia 
dioica, ramificatione pinnata, flagellorum absentia, spicis masculis termi- 
nalibus, foiorum foliolorumque forma, directione serraturisque, necnon 
cellulis minutis; differt caule elongato multo laxius pinnato, foliis foliolis- 
que apice solo serratis, illis vittatis, his oblongo-rotundis, cellulis (vitte 
exceptis) imo minutioribus. 

Ptychanthus javanicus, Nees, nostra subsimilis quoad caules pinnatos 
et folia apicem versus argute dentato-serrulata, lobulo minuto; distincta 
est foliolis apicem rotundato-truncato solo crebre spinulosis, ceeterisque 
caracteribus. 

Cum Bryo-Lejeunea convenit nostra ramificatione crebra pinnata, foliolis 
toto fere margine argute dentatis, etc.; differt rams alternis, spicis ¢ ter- 
minalibus, foliis siccando planis nec convolutivis, etc.—Denique, dum 
fructificatio ignota remanebit, melius (meo judice) inter Thysano-Lejewneas 
militaverit. 


Suspcenus VIII.—DENDRO-LEJEUNEA, S&S. 


Subgenus, in unica specie, Bryopteris fruticosa, L. et G., ins. Javee incola, 
fundatum, caule elato bipinnato, ceet., bryo-Lejeunee fere conforme, 
differt ramis 2 innovando-proliferis, seepe dichotomis (nec brevibus 
simplicissimis); foliis tota fere longitudine vittatis (e cellulis mediis 
elongatis, ceteris cellulis minutissimis) ; perianthiis obcordato-oblongis 
triquetris margine cristatis, utraque facie 1-2-carinulatis.—Ad Dicrano- 
Lejeuneam accedit, sed differt habitu robustiore ; foliis vittatis ; foliolis 
apice emarginato-truncatis arguteque dentatis; bracteis grandilobu- 
latis, bracteola bifida; perianthiis triquetris faciebus carinulatis.—A 
Thysano-Lejeunea distat flagellorum defectu; foliis foliolisque apice 
argute serratis, illis vittatis; perianthiis obcordatis; caeeterum tamen 
eidem valde attinis: foliorum forma; foliolis emarginato-truncatis; 
bracteis spinoso-serratis; perianthiis triquetris margine cristatis; ideo- 
que wgrius separanda.—Ptycho-Lejeunea differt caule ete. multo minus 
rigidis, minus ramosis; foliis subplanis evittatis laxe cellulosis; 
perianthiis seepius «equaliter 7-10-plicatis, plicis omnibus exalatis 
leevissimis. 


Dendro-Lejeunea fruticosa (Ldng. et G.) 


Bryopteris fruticosa, L. et G. Syn. Hep. 737; Br. filicina var. fruticosa, 
eorund, 285, 


Hab. in insula Java monte Sajira (BLUME); ins. Mauritius (STEBER). In 
hb. cl., LinpBere vidi. 

F' 11x 6; lob 2; c. medii fol Jy, ¢ vitte 2; f 6x5; bractee lobus 
18x85 br? W8.x "60% wer 2d 02m, 

Caules (e caudice repente denudato) frutescentes, 5-pollicares, nigrelli, 
penduli, in planum ramosi, ineequaliter bipinnati et ex parte dicho- 
tom. 

Folia e flavo olivacea, subimbricata, oblonga subacuminata acuta, a basi 
ultra ? longitudinis cellulis magnis elongatis pellucidis vittata, apicem 
versus argute serrata, margine postico medio incurva, basi complicata ; 


DrENDRO-LEJEUNEA. bila 


lobulus folio 5—-G-plo minor, rhombeus, involutus et subsaccatus (unde 
ovoideus videtur), sinu exciso-acuto, plica ultra sinum excurrente; 
cellulz minutissimz, opacze, subeequilaterze, seepe subquadratee, supe- 
riores paulo longiores quam lati, leptodermes, fere plane. cuticula 
papillulosa, vittee autem 3-4-plo longiores intus plurisinuatie. 

Foliola dimidium folium parum superantia, subimbricata, oblongo-sub- 
rotunda, apice emarginato-truncato parce et argute dentata. 

Flores dioici: 2 in ramo terminales, innovatione unilaterali, vel duabus 
oppositis, suffulti. Bracteze foliis longiores, erectee, ad basin fere 
usque bipartitee, lobo oblique ovato-lanceolato sensim acuminato, 
supra medium spinoso-serrato, dentibus sursum hamatis, lobulo duplo 
minore subangustiore, apice subtruncato acute 3-4-fido; bracteola 
equilonga lanceolato-ligulata, apice breviter bifida, segmentis acu- 
minulatis, margine toto fere subduplo inciso-serrata-spinosave. 

Perianthia altiuscule emersa, a basi obconicA rectangulari-oblonga, com- 
pressa, triquetra, facie anticé 2-carinulata, lateralibus minus distincte 
1—2-carinulatis, apice obcordata brevirostria, margine supero laciniato- 
cristata, laciniis hamatis, cristulis rudimentariis quoque ad carinam 
posticain carinulasque adjectis. Calyptra valida, perianthio brevior 
angustiorque, clavato-turbinata (basi obconica, apice globosa). 

Andreecia in planta propria, in ramis terminalia, longispica. Bracteze ¢ 
sub 10-juge, haud confertz, foliis sat minores, ad } bilobe, inflato- 
complicate, lobis oblique ovatis apiculatis acuminulatisve acutis 
integerrimis vel subdenticulatis, inferiore paulo minore; antheridia 
magna binata globosa, stipite tenui equilongo suffulta; bracteolee 
ubique obviz, patule, oblongo-cuneate acute bidentate, apicem 
versus 1-3-denticulatze. 


Suscenus IX.—BRYO-LEJEUNEA. 


Frullania subg. Bryopteris Nees, Hep. Eur.; Bryopterts N. et Ldng. Syn. 
; Hep. 284. 


Plant elate 3-12-pollicares robuste, olivacez vel nigro-badixw, raro 
virides flavideve, czespitose stratificate. Caules e caudice repente 
radicelloso erecti pendulive, validi nigrescentes; in typicis (Pinnatis) 
plumeformi-pinnati, ramis suboppositis, deinde bi-vel etiam tri- 
pinnati, ramique arhizi, siccando julacei ; in Dichotomis iteratim 
dichotomi; ramulis 9 in omnibus brevibus simplicissimis siepe 
crebris. 

Folia plus minus imbricata distiche patula, siccando convoluta, magna 
(1°5-2°1™™), subduplo longiora quam lata, semicordato-ovata acuta 
accuminatave, apice serrata; lobulus 3-5-plo brevior, raro minutis- 
simus, inflatus vel subplanus, paucicrenulatus integerrimusve ; 
cellule superiores parve vel fere minut subelongate, inferiores 
autem majores duplo longiores (vittam medio folio interdum sis- 
tentes) convex planzeve. 

Foliola foliis subduplo breviora subquadrata, apice late rotundato argute 
dentata. 

Flores dioici, raro-monoici: 2 ramulo brevissimo laterali constantes, 
innovatione nulla; bractexe 3-6-jugse, intime foliis sublongiores 
complicato-bilobe inciso-serrata, lobis acuminatis, antico lanceolato, 


112 Bryo-LEJEUNEA. 


postico lineari; bracteola angusta complicato-carinata serrata, apice 
plus minus profunde bifida. 

Perianthia vix emersa fusiformia alte triquetra Inermia. 

Amenta ¢ ramulo tenui (ramigeno) folium collaterale excedente con- 
stantia ; bracteze 5-10-jugee diandre. 


Hab. In arborum truncis, rarius in saxis; Br. L. diffusa e ramis 
pendula; omnes monticol raro in planitiem descendentes. 


Distr. Species circiter 8 descripte sunt, omnes Americe tropice 
montibus humilioribus, a Mexico et Insulis Antillis ad Peruviam et 
Brasiliam australiorem indigenz, quarum unica etiam in ins. Java lecta 
est. Ipse in Andibus Aquatorialibus species 4 (1 novam), vix supra 
1500™ alt. ascendentes inveni. 


A. Pinnate. Caules regulariter pinnati v. 2-3-pinnati. 


1. Bryo-L. fruticulosa. Caules 3-4-pollicares arcte plumzformi-pinnati. 
F. apice pauciserrata, lobulo 3-plo breviore inflato fusiformi. Foliola 
sublatiora quam longa. Br. ovatze acuminate; bracteola ad 4 bifida. 
Amenta ¢ brevispica, bracteis 4-5-jugis. 

2. Br. L. tenuicaulis. Caules pedales distanter pinnati et bipinnati. 
F. apice magis serrata, lobulo 5-plo breviore subplano ; cellule in- 
feriores elongate medio papillate. Foliola (ramea praecipue) fere 
duplo longiora quam lata. Br. filiformi-acuminatie; bracteol aangusta 
ad 1-1 bifida. 

3. Br. L. longispica. Caules 6—9-pollicares distanter bi-tri-pinnati, ramis 
apice seepe flagellaribus. F. apice grosse pauciserrata, lobulo pre- 
minuto folio 20-plo breviore Foliola oblongo-rotunda, Amenta 
longispica, bracteis 10-jugis. 


B. Dichotome. Caules iteratim dichotomi ; rama floribus 2 sepe pinnu- 
lati. 


4. Br. L. diffusa. 


1. Bryo-LEJEUNEA FRUTICULOSA, Tayl. 
Lond. Journ. Bot., 1846, p. 382. Syn. Hep. 737. 


Hab. Tarapoto, Andium Peruvianorum, in saxis ; etiam in monte vicino 
Guayrapurina ad arborum truncos, alt. 400-800™, In sylva Ama- 
zonica secus rivulum Gwuayaguaca, fluvio Pacimoni tributarium, 
truncicola. Ins. Sancti Domingo (hb. Hook). 


F 15 x 95, lob °5, cell. infer. ay—ds, super. 4; f'* "75 x °75, ‘8x °85; br. 2 
2°4 x 1°5 (explanate) ; br’* 2°3x 1:0; per 2°3x 1:0™™. 


Caudex in matrice ope radicellarum suarum plus minus longe repens, 
divisus, caules 3-4-pollicares, arhizos erectos subpendulosve imbri- 
catos edens. Caules nigrescentes validi stricti arcte plumeeformi- 
pinnati, frondem longe lanceolatam basi magis angustatam sistentes; 
rami medii semipollicares, omnes subcontigui, per paria approximati 
—quasi oppositi—stricti vel leniter arcuati, angulo 80°-90° patentes, 
ramulis floriferis, Q vel 4, seepe pinnulati. 

Folia olivaceo-viridia confertiuscula, ad 4 imbricata, patula—siccando 
valde devoluta, unde caules ramique julacei videntur—suboblique 
semicordato-ovata acuta, apice subserrata, dentibus 7 vel paucioribus, 
terminali acuminulato, infra medium involuto-complicata; lobulus 


Bryo-LEJEUNEA. 113 


triplo brevior, angustus, lanceolato-fusiformis, apice in folium sensim 
abiens, margine incurvo integerrimo vel obscure 3-crenato-undu- 
latove : cellule superiores parvee opace parum elongate, inferiores 
majusculz, duplo longiores quam late, subpellucid, omnes planius- 
cule. 

Foliola dimidium folium subexcedentia, imbricata, late cuneato-rotunda, 
apice alte rotundato argute dentata, marginibus lateralibus recurvis 
(unde magis cuneata evadunt), hilo radicellari nullo. 

Flores dioici: @ in ramis (raro in ipso caule) laterales, ramulo valde 
abbreviato constantes, innovatione nulla suffulti. Bractee 3-jugee, 
erecto-appresse, apice subpatule secundeve; extime minute ineequa- 
liter bifida, bracteola oblonga breviter acute bifida integerrima; inti- 
mz foliis multo longiores, ad medium usque bifidee, lobo lanceolato 
acuminato laciniato-serrato, lobulo zquilongo sed nuultoties angus- 
tiore lineari tenui-acuminato canaliculato; bracteola libera angusta 
complicato-carinata, ad medium usque bifida, laciniata, dimidiis 
lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis, margine recurvo. 

Perianthia bracteole exacte equimagna, rufa, fusiformia, duplo longiora 
quam lata, ex apice rotundato-truncato obsolete rostellata, alte tri- 
quetra, antice convexa szpeque unisulca, carinis lateralibus valde 
devexis. Calyptra obovata, stylo elongato tenui coronata. Capsula 
globosa breviter exserta. 

Amenta @ in planta propria, in ramis primartiis lateralia, folio contiguo 
paulo longiora. Bracteze 4-5-jugee, julaceo- imbricatie, foliis duplo 
breviores, inflato-complicatz, suboblatz, breviter bilobe, lobis acu- 
minulatis denticulatis, postico subminore; bracteolz cuneato-obovate, 
apice emarginate subdentataque. Antheridia 2 , Stipitata. 


Folia foliolaque ad caudicem repentem parva integerrima, illa lata 
cuspidata, hee oblato-quadrata. Radicelle e foliolorum basi ortz, nume- 
rose, validee rufescentes, apice dilatato vel 2-3-fido viscid, pro more 
breviuscule, inter se liberze divergentesque. 

Ad Tarapoto adest var. condensata, saxicola, flavida, fronde breviore et 
latiore, foliis confertissimis minus serratis, foliolis contra argutius dentato- 
serratis. 

Forma secus fl. Pacimoni caput lecta folivrum lobulos habet minores, 
ceterum cum typo sat bene convenit. 

Bryo-L. tenuicaulis, Tayl., triplo longior est, multo laxius pinnata 
(intervallis ramorum consecutivorum foliis sub 5-jugis repletis); foliorum 
dentibus duplo numero, cellulis minutioribus inferioribus papillosis ; 
foliolis perszepe angustioribus ; bracteola ad 4 solum bifida. 

Bryo-L. filicina ‘(Sw.); Jungermania Alem Sw., Hook. Muse. Exot. 
. 142, facie Bryo-L. fruticulose persimilis, certe diversa est florescentia 
monoica cet. caract. Exemplaria fertilia examinavi e Mexico (LIEBMANN) 
et ex Antillis (HusNor). 


2. Bryo-LEJEUNEA TENUICAULIS, Tayl.! 
in G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 285, 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in sylvis montanis, alt. 1200-1500™ ; Chimbo- 
razo, ad arborum ramulos; Antombés,ad saxa. In sylvis juxta Esme- 
raldas legit JAMESON. 


F 2:0 x 1°3; lob 4x ‘25, ¢ 3; f'* caulina 1:15 x 1-0, ramea "9 x *55, °8 x °45, 
br 2°0; br'* 18x 5mm, 


Caules pedales validi nigrescentes, stratificati et subintexti, pinnati vel 
TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. Ee 


114 Bryo-LEJEUNEA. 


subbipinnati; rami distantes, suboppositi, pollicares et longiores, 
apice flagelari-attenuati. 

Folia subimbricata semicordato-ovata, apice sensim acuta vel subacumi- 
nulata serrata, dentibus sub 14, 7 cujusque lateris—raro latere postico 
paucioribus—margine postico infra medium inflexa, basi subrecte 
complicata; lobulus 5-plo brevior fere planus semicircularis vel semi- 
obovatus, apice sinuato-transeunte; cellule superiores minutulee, 
plane, axi transversa vel obliqua, pariete valde incrassato noduloso, 
basin versus duplo longiores subpellucidze extus in medio papillam 
prominulam gerentes. 

Foliola imbricata dimidio folio longiora, subquadrata, apice rotundato 
argute dentato-serrata, margine basin versus recurvula, brevissime 
decurrentia; ramea oblonga duplo fere longiora quam lata. 

Flores dioici: Q (juveniles solum visi) ad caulem et ramos primarios 
quasi-laterales. Bractez pluri- (5-6-) jugz, plures exteriores minute, 
intimee foliis eequilonge, profunde (ad +) bipartite, lobis lanceolatis 
(postico 3-plo angustiore) in acumen filiforme recurvum attenuatis, 
varie inciso-serratis; bracteola linearis longe acuminata, apice ad 4-4 
bifida, segmentis seepe forficatis, alis recurvis. 


Cum exemplaribus Jamesonianis ad amussim convenit; etiam (sec. cl. 
Mitten) cum Swartzianis Jungermannie filicine Sw. Heee ultima autem, 
fide Hook. Muse. Exot., t. 142, multo minor est, ramis crebrioribus, foliolis 
dimidio folio longe minoribus. De florescentia auctor mentionem haud 
facit, quum tamen in ejus fig. 1 videantur ramuli minuti qui andreecia 
simulant, probabiliter monoica est, eadem ac in planta Swartziana origi- 
nali, fide Gottschei, Hepat. Novogranat. p. 61, necnon in exemplis Mexi- 
canis et Antillanis meipso visis. 


3. Bryo-LEJEUNEA LONGISPICA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos, in M. Guayrapurina, alt. 1000™, ad arbores 
vestustos: planta mascula sola visa. 


F 2:0x ‘95, 1:°9x ‘9, lob 0°71; ¢ Ao: f™ caulina 8x°7, ramea °55x°3; 
br ¢ lobt -6 x°3™™, 


Caules 6—-9-pollicares, e caudice repente penduli, cespitosi, distanter pin- 
nati vel inzqualiter sub bi- et tri-pinnati, nigrescentes; rami sub- 
oppositi, 1-15-pollicares, apice spe flagelliformi-attenuati; ramuli 
pauci, alterni, pro more ad amenta ¢ redacti. 

Folia virescentia, contigua vel perpaulo imbricata, duplo et ultra longiora 
quam lata, oblique semicordato-ovato-oblonga acuminulata, apice 
grosse pauci-serrata plana, margine postico medio recurvo, basi ex- 
planato; lobulus minutissimus, folio 20-plo brevior, semi-oblongus, 
egre conspicuus; cellule parvee opace subplane, medi plures 
basalesque ceteris duplo longiores et subpellucidee, costam latam 
simulantes (ad Jung. albicantis instar). 

Foliola imbricata, foliis 24-plo breviora, oblongo-vel quadrato-rotunda, 
apice lato rotundato grosse dentato-serrata, a basi ad medium fere 
usque canaliculato-impressa; ramea, pro latitudine longiora, pauci- 
serrata-incisave. 

Amenta ¢ ramulos secundarios sistentia, foliis duplo longiora, tenuia cur- 
vula. Bracteze sub 10-juge, ultra 4 complicato-bilobse, parum in- 
flatee, lobis ovato-lanceolatis subacuminatis subintegerrimis, inferiore 
paulo angustiore margineque externo anguste revoluto. 


Bryo-LEJEUNEA. Ae 


4. Bryo-LEJEUNEA DIFFUSA (Sw.). 


Jung. diffusa Sw. Prodr. Fl. Ind. Oce. 144; Bryopteris diffusa Nees in 
Syn. Hep. 286. 

In sylvis umbrosis, ad rivulum Marona-yacu, prope Tarapoto, etiam ad 
Tauat prope Pard, ex arborum ramulis pendula. In America tropica 
tota, Brasilia preecipue, hic illic inventa est. — 

F21x1:2, lob ‘75-9 (ab ipsa bast ad acuminis apicem), ¢ 3;-h; f'* 1 
15x 1 “0; per 2°2x°75 (explan. x9); br. lob 2°0'x °85 3 br'2 1-5 x -4™™, 


Caules e caudice breviter repente penduli, 6-12-pollicares, pluries (seepe 
6-ies) dichotomi, angulo dichotomiz subrecto, equaliter foliosi, ramis 
in planta fertili seepe floribus pinnulatis. 

Folia olivaceo-viridia subimbricata late patula parum deflexa, siccando 
arete convolutiva, oblique ovata apiculata v. brevi-acuminulata 
acuta, integerrima vel rarius apice grosse paucidentata, antice semi- 
cordata, auricula oblonga caulem transeunte, postice medio incurvula 
basi subrecte complicata; lobulus planus folio triplo fere brevior, 
rhomboideus vy. sublanceolatus, acuminatus 3-5-laciniatus, lacinia 
media longiore (acumen sistente), a caule liberus (7.¢., haud super 
caulem incurrens); cellule majuscule (j,-;4 ™™.) superiores 
minores, inferiores sensim majores, subpellucidz, omnes epapillate, 
pariete ad angulos mediaque latera toruloso-incrassato. 

Foliola dimidium folium vix superantia, imbricata, quadrato-oblonga, 
alia basi parum angustata, apice rotundato-truncata grosse serrata, 
basi excisa anguste longiuscule decurrentia, medio brevi spatio cana- 
liculata. 

FL. dioici: ¢ laterales, ramulos breves, folia parum superantes, sistentes. 
Bracteze sub 6-juge, extime minute, inequaliter bifida subplane, 
bracteolis rectangularibus emarginato- bifidias intime foliis sube- 
quilongze, basi erectze apice patulz, ad # usque bifidee, lobo ovali- 
lanceolato acuminato, lobuloque Sean et multo angustiore 

_lineari acuminato inciso-serratis-spinosisve, laciniis spe “iterum 
denticulatis spinosisve ; bracteola minor libera angusta, lineari- 
lanceolata complicata, alis recurvis, inciso-serrata, apice breviter 
bifida, sermentis acuminatis. 

Perianthia foliis sublongiora rufa linearia triquetro-prismatica, carinis 
lateralibus valde devexis levibus, apice rotundato-truncato brevi- 
rostellata.—Planta ¢ mihi adhuc ignota. 


Suseenus X.—ACRO-LEJEUNEA, S. 


Phragmicoma, Syn. Hep. pro majore parte. 


Lopho-Lejeunee (cujus descriptionem videas) ramo fertili simplice unifloro 
arcte affinis, foliis quoque et foliolis majusculis integris sat similis; 
differt autem perianthiis parum compressis et, vel 4-5-carinatis, vel 
(plicis intermediis adjectis) 7-10-plicatis, carinis plicisve omnibus 
exalatis pro more levissimis; necnon bracteis grandilobulatis. 


Hab. In arboribus et saxis; in America tropica raro extra planitiem 
visa, 


116 ACRO-LEJEUNEA. 


Distr. Per sylvam Amazonicam, ad fi. Orinoco cataractas usque, species 
2, A. L. torulosa L. et L. (cujus forma luxurians est L. polyphylla, Tayl.) 
et A. L. marsupiifolia n. sp. sparsius occurrunt. Prior in Brasilia et 
Guiana late dispersa est; alize species in insulis Antillis, se, L. lingue- 
folia, Tayl.! et L. Domingensis, Tayl.; aliz in Brasilia australi, se. Phrag- 
micoma polycarpa, Nees et Phr. iuliformis Nees, inventze sunt. Ex insulis 
Asiaticis (preecipue Malayanis) plures species tenemus, omnes cum Ameri- 
canis, ramo fertili simplice sepe elungato, perianthio plicato, cet. carac- 
teribus, arcte adnectas: sunt Phr. fertilis, Nees! Phr. tumida, N. et M.! 
Phr. Hasskarliana, Gotts.! Malaccensis, Tayl.! Peradeniensis, Mitt. ! ete. 


A. Pervanthia 7-9-carinata. 
1. A. L. torulosa. Fol. lobulus 3-4-denticulatus, dentibus opacis. 


B. Perianthia 5- (raro 4-vel 6-) earinata. 
a. Flores monoict. 


2. A. L. marsupiifolia. F. aceumbentia recurvo-squarrosa ovato-elliptica 
valde sinuato-complicata; lobulus magnus saccatus, margine appresso 
integerrimo. Foliola imbricata late reniformia margine toto recurva. 
Bracteola maxima spathulato-orbiculata integra. Per. obovato- 
cuneata, carinis posticis altis margineque scaberulis. 

[A. L. linguefolia (Tayl.) Pusilla. F. decurvo-concava oblongo-rotunda 
subrecte complicata; lobulus 3-plo brevior solum ad carinam inflatus, 
margine unidentato. Foliola cuneato-reniformia apice recurvula. 
Bracteola oblonga, emarginato-bidentata, dentibus acuminulatis in- 
tegerrimis. Per. obovata apice obtuse 5— (4-) carinata, carinis levi- 
bus.—Ins. S. Domingo. 

| A. L. Peradeniensis (Mitt.) Robusta. F. concava semicordato-rotunda, 
recte complicata; lobulus parvalus angustus convolutus.  Foliola 
arcte imbricata reniformi-cuneata, apice recurvo retusa. Bracteola 
ligulato-oblonga breviter bifida, segmentis acuminulatis denticulatis. 
Per. obovata superne alte 5-carinata leevia.—Ins. Ceylon. ] 


b. Flores dioici. 

(A. L. Hasskarliana (Gottsch.) Robusta. F. semicordato-ovato-rotunda 
coneava recte complicata; lobulus 24-plo brevior anguste convolutus 
apice grosse bidentatus. Foliola magna oblata obcordato-cuneata, 
apice profunde emarginata. Br. maxim vix complicate, lobis 
acuminatis; bracteola obovato-oblonga breviter bifida, segmentis 
acuminulatis, Per. obovato-oblonga subcompressa postice bicarinata. 
—Java. 

(A. L. fertilis (Nées). Tenuiuscula. F. semicordato-ovata subrecte com- 
plicata; lobulus magnus subplanus, margine transverso apice 2- 
dentato. Foliola foliis fere 3-plo breviora, prelata, reniformia, apice 
recurvo retusa. Br. maxime vix complicate lobis acuminatis ; 
bracteola oblongo-rotunda carinata apice subtruncato varie dentata. 
Per. obovata turgida pellucida postice obtuse bicarinata.—Jns. 
Malayanis, | 

(A. L. terminalis Spruce. Pusilla. F. minus densa, late semicordato- 
ovato-triangularia, sinuato-complicata ; lobulus magnus subplanus, 
margine 3-crenulato. Foliola orbiculato-reniformia retusula. Br. 
foliis longiores concave (haud complicate) breviter bilobw, segmentis 
acutis; bracteola orbiculata integra. Per. subemersa obovato-oblonga 


AcrRo-LEJEUNEA. Ley 


turgida obtuse 5~6-carinata.—Ins. Malayanis. Sub nom. Phragmi- 
coma ciliaris Nees in herb. Lindbergii visa a qua tamen valde 
diversa. } 


1, Acro-LEJEUNEA TORULOSA (L. et L. !). 
Phragmicoma torulosa L. et L.! in Syn. Hep. 294. 


Hab. In arborum cortice sylvee Amazonice, prope Pard; ad fl. Negro, 
locis Punta de Paricatuba et Cerro de Cawapuna (Venezuele); ad 
cataractas Maypures fluminis Orinoco. 

Bisse) 7x5; lob “4x15; ¢ aay 3 [4x 5; br. lob 12%°8; 
be at-05'x.-7 ; per 1°25 x 6 ™™. 

Late depresso-czespitosa, pusilla concinna rufo-badia tenera. Caules 1- 
2-pollicares vage ramosi—interdum subdecompositi—ramiqué sic- 
cando julacei, vel inferne foliis squarrosis exasperati; alii rami de- 
curvi apice subaphyllo sepe radicantes. 

Folia densissime imbricata late patula accumbentia, oblique semicordato- 
rotundo-ovata, apice: vel brevi-triangulari obtuso vel rotundato ; 
margine postico toto late incurva, medium versus subrecte compli- 
cata; lobulus duplo brevior, oblique ovatus oblongusve, ad plicam 
inflatus parum saccatus, margine transverso rotundato 3—4-denticu- 
lato (dentibus v. concoloribus v. opacis), medio supero lobo appressus, 
sinu in lobum sensim transiens—raro apice brevi acuto prominens; 
cellulee subconformes parvulze pellucidee incrassatee. 

Foliola foliis eequilata, subduplo breviora, orbiculato-reniformia retusula, 
planiuscula tenuia, basi exciso-amplexante haustorium e radicellis 
pluribus patulis validis simplicibus ferentia. 

Flores dioici et monoici: ¢ in ramo brevi longioreve terminales, inno- 
vatione nulla suffulti. Bracteze foliis fere duplo majores, patule, 
coneavee ad } alt. bilobee, laxe complicate, lobo obovato rotundato, 
lobulo fere equilongo duplo angustiore ligulato sepius retuso ; 
bracteola oblonga, ob apicem truncatum fere rectangularis. Folia 
subfloralia 3-4-juga ceteris caulinis sensim majora, bracteisque 
propriis subconformia. 

Perianthia vix emergentia oblonga rotundato-truncata brevi-rostellata, 
compressa, antice 2~4-carinulata, postice 3-carinata, carinis fere 
leevissimis v. scaberulis. Capsula vix exserta, depresso-globosa, pro- 
funde 4-fida. 

Andreecia szepissime in planta propria, (adveniunt etiam in eadem ac 
gyncecia), v. ramum totum tenentia v. medio caule posita; bractec 
plurijuge foliis parum breviores, lobulo eo foliorum vix majore 
sed turgidiore. 


Folia vetustiora seepe margine supero recurvo-squarrosa, novella tamen 
(siceando preecipue) julaceo-convolutiva. 


Phragmicoma torulosa L. et L.! Guiana: (Hb. Hooker). Statura pusilla, 
foliis confertis, lobulo 3—4-denticulato, textura tenera laxe cellulosa, 
perianthio plicato, etc., cum nostra bene convenit; differt solum foliis 
submajoribus rotundioribus, in sicco magis convolutivis.* 


* This is the original specimen on which ‘Lindenberg founded the species 
*torulosa.” The lobule is as distinctly denticulate as in my own plant, 
whereas in Syn. Hep. it is said to be quite entire, which prevented me (at 
first) from recognising the species. 


118 ACkO-LEJEUNEA. 


_ Var. polyphylla (L. polyphylla Tayl.! Lond. Journ, Bot., 1846, p. 390; 
Syn. Hep. 751). “On coffee-trees at Parad. J. L. R.” in hb. Hook.). 
Certe ad eandem speciem pertinet; differt solum statura elatiore; ramis 
longioribus; foliis confertissimis, lobuli crenulis magis numerosis (5-8, 
nec 3v. 4 solum) interdum tamen obsoletis; foliolis prelate reniformi- 
bus. Hane formam ipse legi ad Caripi prope Para; et in monte 
Cauapuna fl, Negro subvarietatem atro-purpuream stellato-ramosam, 
ramis pinnatis, pinnis brevibus, facie fere Firullanie gibbose. 

Phragmicoma fertilis Nees et Phr. Hasskarliana Gottsche, stirpes Ja- 
venses, floribus 2 acrogenis czterisque cataracteribus plane congeneres 
sunt ; lobulos foliorum tamen habent apiece solum_ bi-denticulatos et 
perianthia 5-carinata. 

Obs. By a different, but almost equally natural arrangement, L. 
torulosa might be grouped along with L. bicolor, of which it has the 
lurid blackish colour, varying here and there to yellowish, or blanched ; 
the crenulate lobules and the pluriplicate perianths. L. bicolor, how- 
ever, differs in the innovant dichotomous stems; the acute or acumi- 
nate leaves; the decurrent and biauriculate folioles; the serrulate 
bracts; and the regularly 10-plicate (not 7—9-plicate) perianths. 


2. AcRo-LEJEUNEA MARSUPIIFOLIA, Spruce. 

Hab. S. Gabriel, jaxta fl. Negro cataractas, in arborum ramulis. 

i -95'x ‘65, lob’ *4x°3,-¢ ay3 fF 5x °75 br 101K" 3 br TliccOper eT 
on 

Humilis subczespitosa purpurascens, siccando rufo-badia. Caules }-1- 
pollicares vage ramosi sat robusti, basi repentes, dein et rami 
assurgentes. 

Folia confertissima accumbentia, lateraliter recurvo-squarrosa patenti- 
aque (nec imbricantia) late ovato-elliptica obtusa vel seepius rotun- 
data integerrima, infra medium valide sinuato-complicata; lobulus 
plus duplo brevior subrotundus vel late ovalis insigniter saccatus, 
dimidio supero tamen inflexo-appressus integerrimus, plica ultra 
lobuli sinum transeunte; cellule: mediocres, apicales minores, sub- 
basales majores subelongatee, omnes subpellucidee. 

Foliola foliis sublatiora, duplo fere breviora, imbricata reniformia repan- 
dula, apice lato margineque laterali tam recurva ut in situ quadrata 
appareant, medio profunde depresso-foveolata. 

Flores monoici: 9 in ramo brevi longioreve, constanter simplice, ter- 
minales.  Bractez foliis submajores profunde bilobse, lobo antico 
obovato-lanceolato plano, postico subminore late lingulato margine 
late recurvo; bracteola seepe maxima spathulato-orbiculata subplana 
integra. 

Perianthia vix emergentia late obovato-cuneata rotundato-truncata, 
compressula, antice depressa (raro medio 1-carinulata) postice 
alte bicarinata, carinis omnibus compressis scaberulis obscure alatis. 

Andrecia in ramulis terminalia—raro medio caule ramove posita ; 
bractea: sepius paucijugee confertee complicato-bilobs parum ventri- 
cose (minime deorsum saccate), lobo obovato, lobulo duplo breviore 
angustioreqyue rhomboideo triangulari-acuto plano. 

A L. torulosa vecedit lobulis haud crenulatis et perianthiis solum 4-5- 
carinatis. In speciebus orientalibus, Phragmicoma fertili N., Phr. 
Hasskarliana G., ¢. a. Invenimus perianthia solum 4—5-carinata, istaeque 

pecics omnes sine dubio verwe Acro-Lejeunee sunt. 


LopHo-LEJEUNEA. 119 


Suseenus X1.—LOPHO-LEJEUNEA. 
Lejeunee species Syn. Hep. 


Mediocris, rufescens, raro virescens, siccando seepe fuscidula, in plagas 
densas spe latas effusa, raro stratificata, in arborum cortice, ramu- 
lisque, nec raro aliis hepaticis muscisque irrepentes. Caules 1—2- 
pollicares pinnatim ramosi; rami inquilongi spe assurgentes, alii 
apice indiviso florigert. 

Folia 0°5-1-0™™ longa imbricata, subdistiche patula, apice solo decurva 
plus minus oblonga raro subrotunda, interdum subfalcata, pro more 
rotundata raro subacuta, semper integerrima; lobulus mediocris, in 
una eademque specie major et minor, inflato-saccatus (rarius sub- 
planus) apice v. acuto incurvo v. sepe lato obtuso in lobum sensim 
transiens; cellule parvule—in unica specie fere magnee—paulo in- 
crassatee, subplanze. 

Foliola pro more magna, raro tamen folia equantia, reniformirotunda, 
planiuscula. 

Flores monoici rarius dioici: 2 in ramo brevi longioreve terminales, 
sine ullainnovatione. Bractez foliis caulinis majores serrulatee—raro 
laciniatz lobulo parvo,‘interdum subnullo; bracteola magna sepius 
orbiculata patelliformis apice lata integra. 

Perianthia plerumque emersa pyriformis turbinatave sat compressa, 4-cari- 
nata, carinis omnibus siepissime late alatis, alis profunde laciniato- 
cristatis. 

Andreecia longispica, ramum totum v. ejus apicem solum tenentia. 


Platylejeunea, quoad species minores, Lopholejewnew sat similis, differt 
habitu serpentino; caulibus pro more elongatis paucirameis; foliolis 
decurrentibus; floribus 9 minutis, ramulo brevissimo laterali constantibus, 
semper tamen innovatione parva suffultis ; bracteis minutis fere equaliter 
bilobis ; perianthio parvo magis compresso, aliarum imo complanato—mar- 
gine plus minus laciniato-ciliato, faciebus (postica precipue) apicem 
versus pro more carinulatis cristulatisque. 


L. harpaphylla 8. facie Lopholejeunee persimilis, differt perianthiis obeor- 
dato-triangularibus triquetris, carinis fere levibus valde rudimentarie 
alato-scaberulis; necnon foliorum lobulo eroso-crenulato; bracteolis apice 
angusto bidentalis. Probabiliter subgenus proprium constituerit, sociis 
L. Crescentie L. et G., L. Lehmanniana G., e. a. perianthiis trigonis a 
Lopho-Lejeunea eeque ac ab Acro-Lejeunea distinctum. 


Hab. In arborum cortice vetusto seepeque in fruticum ramulis, raro 
in rupibus, aliis Lejeuneis plerumque consociata ; extra planitiem haud 
visa. 


Distr. Species sub 12 adhue recognite regionibus tropicis omnibus 
disperse ; in America ab Antillis et Mexico ad Brasiliam australem ; 
in oriente per insulas Malayanas et Oceanicas. In sylva Amazonica— 
nullibi in montes ascendentes—4 species legi, quarum 1 (L. L. Sag- 
reana Mont.) in insula Cuba, in Guiana, etc., crescit, ejusque var. 
cyclostipa ad ostia tam fl. Amazonum quam fl. Nigri Africz; altera, 
L. L. subfusca N. etiam in Chili (?), Java et Mauritii insula inventa 
est. Eidem subgeneri probabiliter adscripta est L. plicatiscypha H. f. 
et T. e Nova Zelandia. 


120 LopHo-LEJEUNEA. 


A. Perianthia postice bicarinata. 
a. Monoice. 


1. L. L. Sagreana.  F. apice rotundata, sinuato-complicata, lobulo valde 
saceato. Foliola magna, rarius etiam parvula, cordatu-reniformia 
orbiculatave. Br. elobulatze late obovate denticulate ; bracteola 
maxima orbiculata integerrima. Per. vix subemersa obovato-cuneata 
4-carinata, carinis late alatis, alis laciniatis, laciniis denticulatis. 

L. L. Miilleriana. F. seepius acuta, lobulo variabili nune turgido 
nune angusto v. subobsoleto. Foliola orbiculata reniformiave. 
Br. fere elobulate ovate acute serrulate; bracteola orbiculata inter- ” 
dum apice bidentula, margine recurvulo. Per. altiuscule emersa 
pyriformia 4-carinata-alataque, alis inequaliter inciso-serratis. 


bo 


a. a. Dioice. 

3. L. L. subfusca. F. late et subfaleato-oblonga rotundata, lobulo 3-plo 
breviore rectangulari convolutivo v. minuto. Foliola oblato-orbicu- 
lata. Br. distincte lobulate, lobo obovato denticulato, lobulo lineari 
rhomboideo; bracteola oblougo-rotunda integerrima. Per. sub- 
emersa obovata 4-carinata-alataque, alis breviuscule laciniatis. 

[L. L. eulopha, Tayl. F. cordato-rotunda.  Foliola foliis imo majora, 
fere duplo latiora quam longa. Br. distincte lobulate laciniato- 
ciliate ; bracteola maxima “orbiculata argute spinosa. Per. vix 
emersa pyriformia 4-carinata-alataque, alarum laciniis iterum lacini- 
olatis. Oceania.) 


i 


B. Perianthia postice unicarinata. 

4. L. L. harpaphylla. Tenella monoica. F. falcata ligulato-oblonga 
acuta obtusa rotundatave. Foliola subrotunda, alia retusa emargin- 
atave. Perianthia obcordato-cuneata triquetra, carinis lateralibus 
interrupte subalatis. 


1. LopHo-LEJEUNEA SAGR#HANA, Mont. 
In Sagra Hist. de Cuba, Bot., 464, t. 18, f. 1. 


Hab. In sylva Amazonica ad Andium radices usque frequens, in arborum 
truncis, ramulis, foliisque sat frequens, seepe aliis Lejeuneis conso- 
ciata, ad fl. Negro cataractas in scopulorum lateribus. In America 
tropica tota hand rara videtur. 


P7-% 6,771 X55 lob 215s eae; f 25'x 
‘85 x °85 (laciniis Sera oe 


“73. br *8x 65; br’ -8x- 8b ner 


Majuscula rufo-badia, plagas prostratas sistens. Caules 1-2-pollicares 
debiles pinnatim ramosi, ramis pro more brevibus spe floriferis, 
dense implexi. 

Folia imbricata patulo-decurva valde oblique semicordato-oblonga sub- 
rotunda, alia fere rhombea (angulis tamen rotindatis) repandula 
integerrima, sinuato-complicata; lobulus 3-4-plo brevior ovoideus in 
caule alte incurrens inflato-saccatus, apice mutico raro acuto; cellule 
parvule pellucidz subincrassate, marginem versus sensim minores, 
prope basin submajores. 

Foliola foliis perpaulo minora, sed oblata, cordato-reniformia subplana 
integra integerrimaque ; in ramis elongatis seepe haud latiora quam 
longa, subrotunda. 


‘LopHo-LiJEUNEA. 121 


Flores monoici! ? in ramo brevi longioreve terminales, sine ulla innova- 
tione. Bractez foliis submajores spathulato-obovate-rotundve, toto 
margine denticulatie, elobulatee; bracteola latior orbiculata patelli- 
formis (medio concava margine late explanata) integerrima. 

Perianthia vix submersa obovato-cuneata valde compressa antice depressa 
postice bicarinata (spatio intercarinali convexulo), carinis omnibus 
(lateralibus precipue) alato-cristatis, ala profunde laciniata, laciniis 
late subulatis, seepe falcatis, denticulatis, ad 15 cell longis, 8—9-c. 
latis, alee cellulis autem duplo minoribus quam ceteri perianthii. 

Andreecia ramulo julaceo constantia, v. in ramo longiore terminalia ; 
bractea 6-10-jugee laxiuscule majuscule turgide spe intense 
badive. 


Var. 2, amazonica: talis ac supra descripta, per totam sylvam Amazonum 
typica est. (=. cyclostipa, Tay]. !) 

Var. 8, Montagnet ; laxa elongata tenuior, foliolis subminoribus et solum 
contiguis v. etiam subdissitis, vix basi cordatis—Fl. Negro superior, 
ad truneos. Eadem est planta Cubensis Montagnei origmalis, 

Var. y, pusilla, semipollicaris; fol. lobulo valde variabil; perianthii 
laciniis serratis.—San Carlos et Obidos, ad arbores pomiferas. 

Var. 0, grandiloba, sc. lobulo dimidium folium fere zequante, subrhombeo 
obtuso parum inflato. Folia perianthia, etc., typicis conformia. S. 
Carlos, im cortice. 


Obs. In hae specie, czeterum sat variabili, perianthium, nisi pro alarum 
dentibus apice subprominulis, ab involucro constanter celatum est.* 


2, Lopno-LesJEUNEA MULLERIANA, Gottsche. 


Hab. In sylvis fl. Amazonum et Negro, in cortice vetusto sepeque in 
fruticum ramulis, aliis Lejeuneis consociata, locis Caripi pr. Pard, 
S. Gabriel et S. Carlos fl. Negro, ete. 


F 6x45, 55x°4; lob 3-25-18-0 ; ci; f 35x °4, 3x35; br 9x 
pee 5 xX -75.5 per 1-1 x "75™™, 

Rufo-badia olivaceave, repens, interdum subczespitosa. Caules 3-1—polli- 
cares Insequaliter pinnatim ramosi, valde intricati, ramis seepe assur- 
gentibus. 

Folia ad 4-4 Jat. imbricata, patentia, oblique oblonga ovatave, interdum 
basi semicordata, apice sepe valide decurvo abrupte acuta obtusave 


* Pulchra species L. Sagracane affinis, paulo robustior—Brachio-Lejeuneam 
bicolorem subequans—est LEJEUNEA EULOPHA, Tayl.! in Lond. Journ. Bot., 
1846, p. 387, in Ins. Pacificis a NIGHTINGALE lecta, cujus descriptio sequitur. 
Caules subramosi, pro parte dichotomi. Folia imbricata decurvo-concava, e 
basi constricta inflato-lobulata cordato-rotunda, laxiuscule areolata. Foliola 
foliis imo majora, reniformia, duplo fere latiora quam longa, margine supero 
recurvo. Flores dioici: ? terminales, vel e dichotomia (ramulis suboppositis 
tamen hand bracteis ipsis utrinque adnatis sed e foliorum proximorum basi 
externa oriundis), vel in ramulorum apice simplice insidentes, sine lla innova- 
tione. Bractez foliis majores, ultra medium bilobe, spinosxe vel laciniato- 
ciliate, lobo semioblongo obtuso, lobulo breviore multo angustiore laneeolato- 
triangulari acuto; bracteola maxima orbieulata—e margine recurvo ad speciem 
spathulata—toto margine argute spinosa. Foliolum infraflorale apice spinu- 
losum. Perianthia vix emersa, pyriformia, compressula 4-carinata, ad carinas 
apicemque alata, alis profunde laciniatis, laciniis iterum laciniolatis sepeque 
bifidis. 

TRANS. BOT. SOC, HDIN. VOL, XV. Q 


$22 LoPHo-LEJEUNEA. 


raro subapiculata—aliquando fere omnia rotundata—infra medium 
sepissime complicata, ad pliez apicem valide sinuata v. fere recta; 
lobulus folio subtriplo brevior, variabilis autem, nunc valde turgido- 
saccatus, nune perangustus fere cylindricus (transversalis) nune 
demum obsoletus, muticus; cellule parvule pellucide, pariete in 
angulis et in medio latere subincrassatie. 

Foliola foliis vix duplo breviora, subdissita, orbiculata vel seepius reni- 
formia, basi amplexantia, cellulis minoribus marginata. 

Flores monoici: in ramo brevi longioreve simplicissimo terminales. 
Bractez foliis dimidio longiores ovate acute superne plus minus 
serrulatee, angustissime complicate (vel non), lobulo lineari perszepe 
obscleto; bracteola orbiculata, apice pro more rotundato retusulove 
rarissime breviter bidentulo, margine toto anguste recurvulo obsolete 
denticulata. - 

Perianthia f. caulinis subduplo longiora pyriformia v. subcuneata, rotun- 
dato-truncata subrostellata, valde compressa, antice depressa, postice 
bicarinata, margine carinisque ala grosse Ineequaliter inciso-serrata 
fragili auctis. 

Andrecia teretia ramulo szepius toto constantia; bracte plurijuge laxi- 
uscule equitantes complicato-concavee, foliis subduplo breviores, apice 
breviter subinzqualiter bilobe, lobis acutis obtusisve, antheridiis 
binis. 


Folia vel abrupte acuta vel in fl. 2 vicinia precipue minute apicu- 
lata, ramorum sterilium tamen pleraque rotundata, 


3. LopHo-LEJEUNEA SUBFUSCA, Nees? 
Enum. Pl. crit. Jav. 36; Syn. Hep. 315. 
Hlab. F\. Casiquiari, in arborum truncis inundatis, supra muscos repens. 


F 55x°5, lob 18; ¢ medie 35, marg. go; f'* 35x °4, br lob -65x°4; 
br! 6 x 5mm, 

Pusilla rufo-fusca prostrata. Caules $-pollicares parum ramosi. 

Folia perpaulo imbricata late oblonga subfaleata rotundata, basi antica 
semicordata, recte complicata; lobulus 3-plo brevior subreetangularis, 
ex involutione semiovatus, apice brevi occulto, sepe ad plicam par- 
vam redactus; cellule mediz mediocres parum elongate pachy- 
dermes subpellucidee (annulo chlorophylli subangusto), marginales 
fere duplo minores unde folia subopaco-marginata, 

Foliola 4 folium superantia—-hic illic autem multo minora—oblato-orbicu- 
lata subintegerrima. 

FI. dioici (?): Q in ramo breviusculo folioso terminales. Bracteze foliis 
paulo longiores, complicate; lobus oblique obovatus denticulatus— 
alter obtusus alter acutus; lobulus paulo brevior multo angustior 
lineari-rhomboideus, apice lanceolato denticulatus ; bracteola ob- 
longo-rotunda integerrima. 

Perianthia subemersa triangulari-obovata rotundato-truncata brevi-rostel- 
lata valde compressa, postice bicarinata—carinis apice conniventibus, 
spatium lanceolatum includentibus, marginibus carinisque fere a 
basi laciniato-alatis, laciniis breviusculis denticulatis. 

(Andreecia nulla inveni.) 


A L. Miilleriana differt floribus dioicis ; foliis latioribus, cellulis paulo 


LopHo-LEJEUNEA. 123 


majoribus; bracteis distincte lobulatis, lobo latiore; denique perianthiis 
latioribus minus alte emersis.—Quum specimina perpauca habui, de flores- 
centia minus certus sum. Probabiliter a L. Méilleriana haud bene 
diversa erit, et tam una quam altera ad L. subfuscam, pro varietate, re- 
ferenda.—Forma Le}. subfusce N. typica, primum in terris Malayanis in- 
venta, postea etiam e Chili allata fuit, fide cl. auct. ‘Synopseos Hepati- 
carum,’ 


4. LopHo-LEJEUNEA HARPAPHYLLA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad flumina Amazonum (Santarem), Negro (S. Gabriel et S. Carlos), 
Uaupés (Panuré), Bombonasa, etc., constanter in cortice, ramulorum 
preecipue. 

F 10x 6, ‘9x ‘55, lob 4-5, c sy—gs; fit 5x5, 55x55; br 105K +4; 
bee 10x 6; per 1-1. :8, 1-1 x -65™™. 

Tenella pallide viridis pellucida, siccando fuscidnla. Caules pollicares 
subrepentes, ramis assurgentibus inequilongis, pro more brevibus, 
subbipinnati. 

Folia subimbricata oblique et subfaleato-oblonga ovaliave obtusata rotun- 
datave, raro superiora acuta, basi antica rotundata angustave—raro 
semicordata, postica decurrente, recte complicata; lobulus duplo 
brevior semiovatus folii medium versus sensim (sine ullo dente 
prominente) transiens, subplanus, eroso-crenulatus; cellulae mediocres 
(basales sensim majores, marginales duplo minores et quadratz) 
subelongatz, pariete ad angulos et media latera incrassato, chloro- 
phyllo parco. 

Foliola subimbricata, superiora sensim crescentia, dimidio folio eequi- 
longa, rotundo-quadrata-obovatave, retusula—raro emarginata—re- 
panda subplana, inferiora radicellas longas in fasciam colligatas 
proferentia, superiora pleraque arhiza. 

Flores monoici: ? in ramis seepe elongatis terminales, sine ulla inno- 
vatione. Bractez foliis caulinis sublongiores erecto-patentes oblique 
lanceolate acute, a basi ad medium usque plica perangusta auctee; 
bracteola zequilonga, latior, ovali-lanceolata obtuse carinata, acuta 
bidentulave. Foliolum infraflorale bracteola paulo brevius, constanter 
bidentatum. 

Perianthia subemersa pellucida obcordato-cuneata compressa, antice de- 
pressa vel parum convexa, postice alte anguste unicarinata, apice in 
rostellum planum abeuntia, margine interrupte subalata, vel solum 
angulata, vel superne dente uno alterove obtuso armata. 

Andreecia caules et ramos terminantia; bracteze plurijuge, foliis sensim 
minores, complicate, basi sola ventricose, planilobee, lobo obtusato, 
lobulo duplo angustiore paulo breviore lineari-rhomboideo sub- 
acuto. 


Forma breviloba, foliis subeontiguis minoribus ligulato-oblongis apice 
variis, lobulo ad plicam 6-plo breviorem semilanceolatam redacto, peri- 
anthio alte emerso, advenit prope 8. Gabriel. 

Forma longiloba, foliis magis confertis, plerisque rotundatis, rectioribus, 
ad vel ultra medium in lobulum involutis, ad fl. Uaupés lecta fuit. 


Tertia forma, minor, tenerrima, foliis plerisque acutis, prope Santarem 
habitat. 


oy 


124 PLATY-LEJEUNEA. 


Suscenus XIJ.—PLATY-LEJEUNEA, 8. 


Elata, arborum ramulis foliisque repens, dein pendula, saturate badia v. 
rufo-badia. Caules 1-6-pollicares et longiores, serpentini flaccidi 
inzequaliter pinnati, vel pinnatim divisi, apice seepe longe sim- 
plices. 

Folia magna (1°3-2°6™") parum (raro dense) imbricata, siccando fere im- 
mutata, horizontaliter patula, apice tamen margineque antico sepe 
incurva, postico plus minus recurvula, unde ex ovato-oblongo ligu- 
lata videntur, rotundata obtusave, rarius apiculata, integerrima, 
basi sinuato-complicata; lobulus parvus turgidus seepe cucullatus ; 
cellule majusculee mediocresve subpellucidé pariete incrassato. 

Foliola foliis sat breviora, seepe autem latiora, obovato-orbiculata v. 
reniformia, retundata retusulave integerrima. Haustoria e radicellis 
valde numerosis fastigiatis—sepe ex parte colligatis—scopeeformia. 

Fl. dioici, raro monoici; 2 ramo brevissimo, foliis minutis 1- (raro pauci-) 
jugis infra bracteas stipato, insidentes, innovatione brevi parvi- 
paucifolia semper suffulti. Bracteze minute, foliis 2-4-plo minores, 
obcordato-bilobz, complicate, lobis exacte (v. fere) sequimagnis; 
bracteola angusta, apice retusa v. tridentata, raro Difidula. 

Perianthia ultra bracteas emersa, f, caulinis tamen semper sat breviora, 
oblonga obovatave, apice rotundata, retusa, obcordatave, rostellata, 
valde compressa, margine toto, v. saltem supero, inciso-timbriata- 
ciliatave, facie postica apicem versus valde humiliter 1- 2- v. 3- 
carinulata, carinis spinoso-alatis inermibusve, interdum papillis 
pilisve sparsa, vel omnino nuda, antice subplana inermia raro sub- 


spinulosa. 
Andreecia v. terminalia, v. ramulo proprio constantia, leptostachya, 
polyphylla. 


Hab. In arborum truncis ramulisque, imo in foliis vivis, perseepe aliis 
hepaticis et muscis irrepentes, sylvas planitiei et montium humiliorum 
densas humidas diligentes. 

Distr. Species 8 vel 10 adhue cognitee omnes Americee tropic incole, 
earum unica (Pl. L. transversalis) etiam in Australia et ins. Hawaii 
inventa est, nulla tamen Asiatica. 5 species a meipso lectee per sylvam 
Amazonicam et Andes inferiores (tam occidentales quam orientales) 
solum ad alt, 1200™ usque, babitant. 


A. Dioice. 
a. olia rotundata. 


1. P. L. subrotunda. ¥. confertissima late semicordato-ovata; lobulus 4- 
plo brevior bifidus, segmento inferiore majore cucullato, superiore 
rhombeo plano. Foliola magna late imbricata reniformia, fere duplo 
latiora quam longa, breviter decurrentia retusa, toto margine recur- 
vulo, basin versus foveolata. Br. lobo antico subminore. 

2. P. L. teniopsis. F. parum imbricata praelonga semicordato-ovato- 
oblonga, margine antico incurvula, postico valide recurva; lobulus 
6-plo brevior cucullatus. Foliola subimbricata reniformia longe 
decurrentia apice retuso recurvula, medio unisulea. Br. lobo antico 
subminore. Per. obovato-cuneata, margine supra medium inciso- 
ciliata, dorso obsolete Dicarinata pauciciliataque. 


PLATY-LEJEUNEA. 1145) 


b. Folia apiculata. 


3. P. L. Hobsoniana. F. vix subimbricata ovato-ligulata, lobulo minuto. 
Foliola orbiculata longe decurrentia. Per. obcordato-elliptica, mar- 
gine fere toto alata longissimeque ciliata, postice subspinosa, antice 
fere inermia. 


B. Monoice. 


4. P. L. vincentina. F. imbricata ovato-oblonga abrupte apiculata raro 
mutica. Foliola imbricata reniformia. Per. obovata margine supra 
medium ciliata, postice alte convexa medioque dense ciliata. 

5. P. L. pogonoptera. F. subimbricata ovato-ligulata rotundata. Foliola 
obovato-orbiculata contigua. Per, oblonga, postice magis distincte 
2-carinulata, margine carinisque alata denseque spinoso-ciliata. 


1. Puaty-LEJEUNEA SUBROTUNDA, Hook. 


Jung. subrotunda, Hook. in Kunth. Syn. pl. equin., v. 1. p. 41. 
G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 312. 


Hab. Ad fl. Negro cataractas, in truncis putridis, socia L. Sagrwana. 


F1:3x1:05; lob -35; c 35; f'* "7x12; br. lob. sup. 65 x °38, mf. 8 x “5; 
[ip aie BY 


Badia late dense implexo-cespitosa. Caules 1-2-pollicares, seepe tota 
longitudine matrici arcte adhzerentes, vage subramosi, ramique sepe 
valde ramulosi, ramulo perbrevi, paucifolio, 9 v. neutro, e folii fere 
cujusque axilla egrediente, eidemque subzequilongo. 

Folia confertissime imbricata late oblique semicordato-ovata, apice valide 
decurvo rotundata, margine supero incurvulo appressa, infero leniter 
recurvulo ante lobulum profunde sinuata; lobulus fere 4-plo brevior 
ovalis subbifidus, segmento inferiore majoreque subrotundo apice 
cucullato, superiore parvo rhombeo subplano; cellule parvule pel- 
lucidee, ambitu opacee, rotundo-hexagonz, pariete incrassato. 

Foliola late imbricata foliis fere equimagna, sed fere duplo latiora quam 
longa, a basi breviter cuneato-decurrente reniformia, apice late 
retusa, margine toto recurvula cellulisque parvis uniseriatis subopacis 
marginata, basin versus facie interna foveolata, externa umbonata, 
et ex umbone radicellas fasciatas, apice parum divergentes. pro- 
ferentia. 

Flores dioici: @ ramulis brevissimis insidentes quasi-laterales innovatione 
parva suftulti. Bracteze foliis subduplo breviores, obcordato-bilobee, 
complicate, lobis subzequalibus, v. antico paulo minore, obovato- 
trapezoideis; bracteola minor oblonga apice bifida bidentatave. 


Obs. The short ramuli are usually female, rarely neuter. In some stems 
they spring from nearly every leat-axil, and each bears a Q flower, with 
only 1 or 2 (rarely more) pairs of minute leaves beneath it. Adnate to 
the outer bract, springs an innovation, at a very acute angle, bearing few 
smallish (but not minute) leaves. The bracts are complicate and so 
shortly bifid that they are best described as obcordate, with a deep sharp 
emargination. In the outer bract (which widely imbricates the inner) the 
upper (antical) lobe is very slightly the smaller, leaving a narrow rim of 
the lower lobe visible all around the free edge, when the two are pressed 


126 PLATY-LEJEUNEA. 


together ; whereas in all other Lejeune the upper lobe of the bract is 
always larger than the lower. The inner bract is either quite symmetrical, 
having the two lobes exactly equal, or the upper lobe is smaller, as in the 
outer bract. 


2. PLATY-LEJEUNEA THNIOPSIS, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylvis fl. Amazonum, preecipue humilioribus, ramulis foliisque 
Vivis adrepens seepeque longe pendula; locis: Pard, S. Gabriel et 
S. Carlos, Yurimaquas, fl. Bombonasa, ete. 

F 26x15, 2°0x 15; lob 4x3; ¢ dy; f'*15x1'8; br 7 et 5 longe; per 
Poe pene 


Elata rufo-badia, strato tenui late repens. Caules 6-pollicares et longiores 
debiles, pinnatim ramosi, aliis ramis brevissimis floriferis, aliis elon- 
gatis fere simplicibus seepe pendulis. 

Folia parum imbricata subdivergentia, siccando vix mutata, maxima, 
semicordato-ovato-oblonga, rotundata vel truncato-rotundata, basi 
caulem late transeuntia, margine antico apiceque incurvula, postico 
(basi apiceque exceptis) valide recurva, prope basin profunde sinuato- 
complicata; lobulus sub 6-plo brevior paraboloideus (axi cauli paral- 
lela, plica transversa) cucullato-concavus muticus; cellule majusculie 
subeequilatere, pellucida, ambitu subopacee, pariete ad angulos 
mediaque latera incrassato, inferiores submajores. 

Foliola subimbricata foliis subminora sed latiora, reniformia longe decur- 
rentia, apice retuso recurvuloque repanda, a basi fere ad apicem 
usque sulcato-canaliculata. 

Flores dioici: 2 ramulo brevissimo, cum perianthio folium caulinum vix 
aquilongo, terminales, innovatione minuta suffulti. Bracteé foliis 
4-plo minores obcordato-bilobee, lobis complicatis subeequalibus, vel 
postico subminore ligulatoque; bracteola tenera angusta ligulato- 
cuneata apice truncato obtuse 3-dentata. 

Perianthia parva obovato-cuneata rotundata retusave brevirostria valde 
compressa, Margine supra medium inciso-ciliata, aliis ciliis seepe pre- 
longis hamatis, facie posticé convexuld carinis 2 valde approximatis 
cito in unam obtusam confluentibus, pauciciliatis, percursa. Calyptra 
perianthio 4 brevior obovata, infra medium 2 ¢. crassa, apice irregu- 
lariter rupta. 

Andreecia subjulacea ramulis micro-polyphyllis constantia, rarius rami 
apicem solum tenentia. Bracteze cymbiformi-concave ultra 4 bilobee, 
lobis semiovatis (margine externo subrecto) antico rotundato, postico 
vix minore obtuso. 


Obs. Folia, e margine infero recurvo, supero incurvo, tota fere longi- 
tudine equilata videntur, sive ligulata et subfalcata. Cellule foliorum 
subplane, bractearum @ et 2 distincte convexo-prominule, perianthii 
trigonis pulchre pellucidis. - 

sractea interna major est quam externa, basique innovationi perbrevi, 
foliis parvis bijugis preeditee, adnata est. 

Forsan eadem species erit ac L. granulata, Nees in Mart. Fl. Bras. I., 
p. 852; Syn. Hep. 311; quum tamen nihil dixerunt cl. auctores de 
foliorum marginis postici recurvatione insigni, nec de perianthii ciliis 
posticis, ad illam referre non ausim. Florescentiam hujus sectionis sub 
silentio omnes auctores relinquunt. 


PLATY-LEJEUNEA. Lay 


3. Praty-LEJEUNEA Hopsontana, Lindenb. 
Syn. Hep. 313; Gottsche, Mex. Leverm. 181. 


Hab. Chimborazo, in sylvis ad 1200™ alt., e ramulis foliisque pendula ; 
etiam in Mexico et ins. 8. Vincentii. 

PF U9x 1:3; lob -075, ¢ oy 5 f 125x123 br 9% °75 brs 9x55 per 
IG} Xe SAS 

Elata flaccida olivacea badiave, primum repens dein pendula. Caules 
4-6-pollicares, flexuosi, inzequaliter pinnati. 

Flora basi sola imbricata, superne dissita, subplana, divergentia, oblique 
ovato-ligulata ex obtuso apiculata, margine postico infra medium 
recurvulo longiuscule decurrente basique ipsa minutissime lobulata; 
lobulus plus 20-plobrevior, margine plerumque incurvus; cellule pel- 
lucidze majuscule. Folia interdum basi antica anguste semicordata. 

Foliola foliis paulo minora, imbricata, orbiculata, ob alas longe decurren- 
tes subspathulata, repanda, apice rotundata vel subretusa, medio haud 
profunde canaliculata, caterum fere planissima, vel margine leviter 
incurvo foliis appressa, basi ipsa hinc longius sensimque decurrentia. 

Flores dioici. Ramuli 9, cum suo perianthio, folium caulinum proxi- 
mum vix zquantes, basi foliis unijugis minutis ovalibus, foliolo 
interposito rotundo, stipati. Bracteze toliis duplo breviores—alteri 
innovationi minuta microphylla basi adnata—complicatee parum 
inzequilobe, lobis abrupte acutis, postico subminore; bracteola ligu- 
lato-oblonga, a medio recurva, apice breviter bifida, segmentis acutis 
obtusisve. 

Perianthia foliis breviora obcordato-obovata-ellipticave valde compressa 
rostellata, fere ab ipsa basi ala profunde ciliato-laciniata cireumeincta, 
facie antica convexula levia nisi marginem versus spinulis paucis 
obsita, postica convexo-carinata medium versus spinis setisve plurimis 
armata.—Cilia marginalia ad semimillimetrum longa, 12 vel etiam 
16 cellulas longa, basi 2 v. 3 cell. lata. 


L. Hobsoniana typica (Syn. Hep. 1. c.) vix differt nisi foliolis margine 
recurvulis et bracteola solum emarginata. 


A L. Vincentina et L. pogonoptera certe diversa videtur: caule 4-plo 
elatiore; foliis vix imbricatis longioribus (lingulatis) longe decurrentibus 
planis minutissime lobulatis; foliolis planis orbiculatis decurrentibus; 
floribus dioicis ; bracteis majoribus acutilobis ; bracteola bifida; peri- 
anthiis margine longissime laciniato-ciliatis. 


Obs. The perianth is rather thickly and widely set with hair-like pro- 
cesses about the middle of the back, but smooth near the top and bottom, 
and there is a thin crest of cilia on each side of the medial group, on a 
raised line (carinula) parallel to and near the margin. 


4, PLaty-LEJEUNEA VINCENTINA, Gottsche. 
Hab. Prope Guayaquil, in cortice Theobromatis Cacao preecipue: rarius. 
Ex ins. 8. Vincentii primum alata. 
F 1:25 x1:0; lob 3; ¢ 35; fl “75 x ‘95; br (explan.) ‘6 x °45; br °55 x °3; 
fet Koo 


Pusilla, prostrata rufo-fusca. Caules pollicares subramosi flaccidi. 
Folia ad 4 imbricata horizontalia, apice deflexa, ceeterum plana, oblique 


128 PLATY-LEJEUNEA. 


ovato-oblonga ex rotundato apice brevi-apiculata, raro mutica, basi 
complicata, plicé transversa; lobulus 4-plo brevior cucullato-inflatus 
—in situ fere globosus; cellule mediocres pachydermes pellucidie 
annulo opaco cinctie. 

Fohola plus dimidio breviora imbricata reniformia basi exciso-subde- 
currentia, alia apice retusula, fere plana v. recurvo-convexula, 
solum ad ‘pilum radicelliferum externe gibba. 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo_ brevissimo terminales, innovatione pauci- 
folia suffulti. Bracteze foliis duplo breviores obovato-oblonge, 
obcordato-bilobee, segmentis rotundatis, laxe complicate, carinate, 
altera (interior) submajor, ad carinam papilloso-subalata ; bracteola 
obovato-oblonga retusula. Ramulus fertilis infra florem szepissime 
folium unicum minutum inequaliter bilobum gerit, foliclo adjecto 
minuto nullove. 

Perianthia f. caulinis subminora obovata subobcordata antice depresso- 
plana livia, postice alte convexa (e carinis duabus, inferne dissitis, 
apice conniventibus, in unam altam prelatam coalitis), margine a 
medio saltem hamato- ciliata, ciliis 4-6 ¢. longis, postice ad convexi- 
tatem supra medium ciliis dense conspersa. Calyptra paulo minor 
tenws pyriformis. 

Amenta ¢ ramulis caule inferiore insidentibus, folio caulino paulo 
longioribus, constantia; bracteze mediocres 6—7-jugze haud confertee. 


L. pogonoptera differre videtur foliis minus confertis longioribus con- 
stanter muticis; foliolis orbiculatis nec reniformibus ; perianthiis oblongis 
magis regulariter ciliatis; anne tamen specifice ? 


Piaty-LEJEUNEA POGONOPTERA, Spruce, 


Hab, Prope Pard, in cortice cum aliis Lejeuneis; ad fl. Huallaga Peruviee 
orientalis, supra Neckeram undulatam repens. 


F1:35'x 95, lob ‘2-3, cde 3 f'* “1x1 x “75 X “75; br “55 X°55s brieeoceos 
per 1:0 x ‘9™™ (ciliis exclusis). 


Humilis, sat robusta, rufa, prostrata. Caules 1$-pollicares parum 
ramosi, apice seepe mascull. 

Folia ad } lat. imbricata, late patula et vel incurvula vel a basi ad 
apicem usque leniter recurvula (exindeque subconcava a fronte 
visa), semicordato-ovato-ligulata repando-rotundata, basi recte com- 
plicata; lobulus folio 4-6-plo brevior alte semiovatus inflatus, ad 
sinum in folium quasi acuminato-transiens; cellule majuscule 
hexagon plane pellucidee, ambitu opacie, inferiores perpaulo 
majores. 

Foliola duplo fere breviora, contigua, obovato-orbiculata subdecurrentia, 
margine toto recurva, raro radicellifer ra, 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo brevissimo terminales, innovatione brevi 
parvifolia suffulti.  Bractese foliis triplo fere minores orbiculatee 
complicate; ab apice ad 4 bilobee, lobis eequalibus obtusis; bracteola 
angusta obovato-cuneata retusa. Ramus 9, cum suo perianthio, 
folium caulinum vix sequat. 

Perianthia bracteis duplo longiora, oblonga, apice rotundato retusulove 
brevirostria, valde compressa, ‘antice “depressa leevia, postice gibba 
bicarinata, margine carinisque dense spinoso-ciliatis, ciliis 6-10- 
cellulas longis, basi 1-2 cell-latis patulo-adscendentibus hamatisve. 


PLATY-LEJEUNEA. 129 


Calyptra perianthio vix minor, unicam cellulam crassa, infra apicem 
breviter transverse rupta. 

Andrecia spicata in caule ramisque terminalia — perseepe ramulo 
feemineo suffulta—julacea circinata strictave; bracteze 6-plurijuge, 
foliis duplo minores equitantes, inferne parum turgescentes, ad 
medium bilobz, lobis subequalibus, antico obtuso, lobulo perpaulo 
miore acuto. 


Obs, Carine perianthii posticze in planta Paraensi humiliores sunt, 
interspatio levi; in Huallagensi altiores, interspatio spinis squamulisve 
paucis obsito. 


Suscenus XIII.—ANVOPLO-LEJEUNEA, S. 


Habitu, ramificatione, foliorum foliolorumque forma, floribus 9 quasi- 
lateralibus brevi-innovatis, Platy-Lejeunee sat contormis; differt autem 
statura humiliore, colore pallido, bracteis submajoribus parvilobulatis, et 
(pre aliis) perianthiis turgidis, paulo compressis, supra medium altiuscule 
5-carinatis perfecte Inermibus. 

Hab. unica species ad fl. Negro, in cortice, supra alias Lejewneas repens. 


1. AnopLo-LEJEUNEA HERPESTICA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad fluminis Negro cataractas, in cortice. 

#10x-8, lob -4,c 3; f'* 5x7; br 9; br* 6; per 10x e™. 

Majuseula pallida prostrata. Caules fere bipollicares flexuosi pinnulati. 

Folia subimbricata late patula decurvula infra medium complicato-biloba, 
plica fere transversa, recta vel subconcava; lobus oblongo-rotundus, 
basi antica semicordata caulem velans; lobulus plus duplo brevior 
semiellipticus—fere semicircularis—cucullato-concayus, apice in lobi 
marginem sensim transiens; cellulz mediocres omnes fere conformes 

uilaterz pellucide fere vacuze, pariete incrassato. 

Foliola dissita, foliis fere zequilata, duplo tamen breviora, cuneato-reni- 

’ formia repanda tenuia fragilia, radicellas fasciculatas apice subpatentes 
gerentia. 

Flores dioici: in ramo brevi, foliis sub 3-jugis vestito, terminales, 
innovatione brevi simplice—raro prolifera—suffulti. Bractez foliis 
paulo minores erecto-patulze oblique ovales apice eucullato obtuse, 
basi cum lobulo parvo oblongo complicate; bracteola cuneata trun- 
cato-retusa (in floribus sterilibus seepe latior apiceque subbifida). 

Perianthia (vix matura) subemersa cuneato-pyriformia brevirostria com- 
pressula, medio supero altiuscule 5-carinata, carinis repandis imer- 
mibus. 


Suscenus XIV.—BRACHIO-LEJEUNEA, S. 


Phragmicome species Syn. Hep. 

Hapitu, statura, etc. Homalo-Lejewnee persimilis. Florescentia typica 
probabiliter eadem, sc. monoica (autoica et paroica), sepe autem ex abor- 
tione dioica.—Plantz 9 eodem modo brachiato-dichotome, steriles tamen 
elongate laxe pinnatie, ramis alternis. Folia fere constanter integerrima, 

TRANS, BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. R 


130 BRACHIO-LEJEUNFA. 


lobulo magno, seepe=folii $, margine 3-7-crenulato, crenulis pro more 
opacis, raro obsoletis. Bracteze aliarum sp. alate, seepe integerrime. 

Perianthia parum compressa, 3-10-carinata-plicatave—primum (ut vide- 
tur) 3-4-gona, plicis intermediis adjectis, in aliis sp, 8-10-plicata fiunt. 

Homalo-Lejeunea Mackaii et Brachio-Lejeunea laxifolva nexum prebent 
inter has duas sectiones, vix pro subgeneribus distinctis habendas ; quum 
in L. Mackaii folia integerrima obtusissima inveniuntur, contra affinium 
indolem; in L. laxifolia perianthium, carinis posticis interdum tam 
approximatis obtusatisque ut in unicam latam fere confluunt, exinde 
trigonum evadit, itaque ab eo L. Mackaii paulo discrepat. 

Hab. In arborum truncis ramisque, raro in rupibus vel in ipsa terra 
inter lichenes, cespites depressos pluristratos seepe pendulos efficiens ; 
semper monticola mihi visa. 

Distr. Per Andes sylvaticos Columbianos, Quitenses et Peruvianos, alt. 
600-3500", nullibi in planitiem descendens; etiam in terris montosis 
Brasiliz australioris, insularum Antillarum et Mexico. Ipse 2 species 
solum legi, quarum una, /?. L. bicolor in regione neotropica prelate distri- 
buta est.—Alias paucas species americanas cognovimus; aliz ex India 
orientali (preecipue ex insulis) proveniunt. 

A. Perianthia 4- (3-) plicata. 
1. Br. L. laxifolia. Fl. ¢ hypogyni. F. semicordato-ovata acuta apicu- 
latave. Foliola orbiculata. 
2. Br. L. securifolia. Fl. ga 2 dissiti. EF. obovato-securiformia obtusata. 
Foliola cuneato-rotunda, 


B. Perianthia 10-plicata. 
3. Br. L. bicolor. 


1. BRAcHIO-LEJEUNEA LAXIFOLIA, Tay]. 


Phragmicoma l. T. in pl. Jamesonianis; Mitt. in Lond. Journ. Bot. 
1881. 


Hab. In Andibus Quitensibus sylvaticis, alt. 2000-3500 m., ex arborum 
ramulis pendula: Pangor ; Guayrapata, etc.; Pichincha in stillicidiis. 

F 1:3 x 14 (lobulo incluso); lob 65; ¢f,; f'**8 x °8, 6x “6; br 1:0-1:2; per 
NED Xisig Liao io 

Subceespitosa rufo-fusca. Caules 1-3-pollicares, sat ramosi, steriles laxe 
pinnati, fertiles plus minus dichotomi. 

Folia imbricata, supra plicam decurrentem erecto-patentem divergentia, 
oblique semicordato-ovata-oblongave, apice valde decurvo (in sicco 
convoluto) acuta subapiculatave, margine antico toto (in sicco pree- 
cipue) peranguste recurvulo; lobulus duplo brevior obtriangularis, 
a plicam subinflatus, ad marginem appresso-planus_ transversus 
cellulisque 3 prominulis opacis tricrenulatus; cellule parvulz, pariete 
ad angulos inerassato, inferiores sensim submajores, marginales fere 
minute quadrate. 

Foliola contigua v. subimbricata foliis dimidio vy. duplo breviora orbicu- 
lata, basi anguste breviter decurrentia ibidemque marginibus valide 
recurva. 

Flores monoici (paroici): Q dichotomiales. Bracteze foliis breviores 
erectee compliato-bilobee, lobo obovato-cuneato acuto obtusove in- 
teyerrimo vy. apice subdenticulato, lobulo minore ligulato lanceolatove ; 
bracteola cuneato-ligulata rotundata, 


BRACHIO-LEJEUNEA. isd 


Perianthia plus minus alte emersa clavato-oblonga rotundato-retusove- 
truncata brevirostria, subcompressa, antice depressa postice obtuse 
bicarinata, carinis seepe approximatis v. etiam in unam confluenti- 
bus. 

Antheridia solitaria in foliorum bracteas 9 proxime sequentium—basi 
paulo magis inflatorum—axillis. 

Var. obliquata, pallidior, tenerior. Folia preelata valde obliqua, margine 
antico posticum duplo et ultra excedente, margine postico toto late 
incurvo unde folia bis complicata videntur; lobulus ante sinum in 
dentem subulatum protractus. Bractese acuminulate ; bracteola 
apice recurvo late emarginata sinu lunulari. Perianthia subinflata, 
postice magis distincte bicarinata—Ad pedem montis Tunguragua, 
juxta pagos Baiios et Puela. 


2, BRAcHIO-LEJEUNEA SECURIFOLIA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad pedem Andium Quitensium occidentalem, a cl. JAMESON lecta. 
(“Phragmicoma corticalis,” Mitt. in schedis). 

F' 1-0-9 x ‘8; lob 45°33 cah—sk 3 f 5x5; br 15; br'*10x°43; per 
ox 75o". 

Pusilla subceespitosa flavescens tenella. Caules pollicares iteratim dicho- 
tomi, raro etiam subpinnati. 

Folia confertiuscula laxe accumbentia concava oblique late obovata, 
fere securiformia, apice cucullato valde obliquo obtusata rotundatave 
raro subacuta, basi decurrenti-subsaccata ; lobulus 2-plo brevior 
rhomboideo-rotundus vy. subquadratus pauci- (2-3-) crenulatus, ad 
carinam inflatus, dimidio supero inflexus appressusque; cellule iis 
L. laxifolie conformes dimidio tamen majores. 

Foliola subimbricata foliis duplo breviora cuneato-rotunda raro retusula 
basi angusta excis penicillum radicellarum proferentia. 

Flores monoici: 2 dichotomiales. Bracteze foliis dimidio longiores sub- 
angustiores acutee, complicato-bilobz ; lobulus lineari-rhomboideus 
planus apice abrupto elongatove acutus ; bracteola ligulata, apice 
lato recurvo truncato-rotundata. 

Perianthia vix subemersa pyriformi-oblonga apice rotundato-truncato 
brevi-rostellata, subcompressa, antice unisulca, postice obtuse bi- 
carinata, leevia, rufo-badia. 

Amenta ¢ medio caule posita; bracteze paucijugee, foliis caulinis con- 
tinue, iisdem paulo breviores, lobulo magis inflato majoresque. 


B. L. laxifolia, Tayl. differt statura majore, foliis semicordato-ovatis 
perseepe apiculatis acuminulatisve laxioribus, distiche patulis (nec late- 
raliter accumbentibus), foliolis majoribus orbiculatis, perianthiis longi- 
oribus clavato-pyriformibus, floribus ¢ perichetium 9 proxime sequen- 
tibus (i.e. paroicis). Arcte aflines tamen sunt.—Phragmicoma corticalis 
L, et L. longius recedit peranthiis 7-plicatis ceterisque caracteribus. 


3. BrACHIo-LEJEUNEA BICOLOR, Mont. 


L. bicolor Mont. in D’Orbigny Voy. Crypt. 66. Phragmicoma b. Nees in 
Fl. Bras.; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 294. 


Hab. In Andium devexis sylvaticis, tam orientalibus quam occidentali- 
bus, alt. 600-2500 m. “(Lamas ; Tunguragua ; Chimborazo). Brasilia, 
Trinidad, Mexico (Syn. Hep.). 


12 BRACHIO-LEJEUNEA. 


F165x1:1 (x 1°35, a lobule bast mensa); lob “7; ¢ ao-ds; ft 9x1'15, 
115x115; br 20x15; 674 1:2x1:05 per 13x "/5E 

Elata, fusco- et fulvo-badia, sieacene caules ee 3-5-pollicares 
nigricantes parce pinnati et subbipinnati, ramis 2 pro more dicho- 
tomis. 

Folia imbricata patentia semicordato-ovata apice decurvo abrupte acuta 
apiculata v. acuminulata, integerrima vy. suprema apice subserrulata, 
basi caulem paulo transeuntia, subsinuato-complcata; lobulus plus 
duplo brevior triangularis appressus, basi alte incurrens (cum lobo 
sacculum compresso-ebconicum efformans), margine transverso sub- 
convexo 5-crenulato, crenulis cellulam unicam opacam sistentibus; 
cellulae parvulee subconformes eequilaterze v. parum elongate, subcon- 
vexee, pariete ad anculos sat incrassato, utriculo interdum collapso. 

Foliola imbricata cuneato-reniformia-orbiculatave, decurrentia, basi ipsa 
biauriculata, auriculis semicircularibus v. falcato-oblongis conniven- 
tibus, margine supero rotundata valideque recurva. 

Flores dioici: 2 dichotomiales. Bracteze foliis majores biloba, vix com- 
plicatz, lobis late oblique ovatis sensim subacuminatis acutis serrulatis 
ad carinam latiuscule semiovato-alatee, lobulo duplo breviore intra 
lobi marginem insidente; bracteola longe brevior obovato-cuneata 
integerrima, apice rotundato recurvulo. 

Peri: unthia subimmersa oblonga obtusa compressa lcngirostria, a basi ad 
2 alt. levia, dein ad apicem usque alte 10- plicata, plicis undulatis, 
rostello e cellulis 6-seriatis constante quasi 6-striato ore subdilatato. 

Flores ¢ medio ramo basive positi; bracteze plurijugee foliis proximis 
paulo breviores, lobulo submajore magis inflato; antheridia bina 
supraposita longe stipitata. 

Var. conferta Syn. Hep. Valde densifolia, caule rufo ; foliis obtusis v. 
abrupte acutis (nec acuminatis) recte complicatis, lobulo sublongiore. 
ad plicam subinflato; foliolis latioribus brevioribus.—In M. Lamas, 
ad fruticum ramulos. 

Var, Chinantlana, Gottsch. Mex Leverm. Folia laxe imbricata angus- 
tiora sensim longe acutata subacuminatave, basi decurrentia et sub- 
saceata. Fololalongiora basin versus crispula, auriculis majusculis. 
Bractee anguste lobulatee plerumque explanate, dorso plus minus 
late alatee; bracteola obovato-ligulata apice lato emarginato-bifida, vel 
etiam ad 4 fissa, sinu triangulari. Perianthie 
M. Chimborazo, e ramulis pendula.x—Cum planta Mexicana, 1. e¢. 
descripta, bene congruit. 

Exemplaria typica LZ. bicoloris in hb. Hook., a Swainson in Brasilia 
lecta, minora sunt, foliis inferioribus obtusis, superioribus solis acutis, 
Foliola e marginis recurvatione interdum subquadrata videntur, expla- 
nata tamen eandem formam habent ac in nostra. 


Wel, 


Suncenus XV.—HOMALO-LEJEUNEA, S. 
(= Marchesinia, Gray, = Phragmicoma, Dumort). 


Elata rufescens badiave raro apice virescens. Caules, e caudice brevi 
repente spe cito dissoluto, 2-6-pollicares, suberecti pendulive, 


HoMALO-LEJEUNEA. 133 


stratificati, iteratim dichotomi; raro basin versus ramo unico, pau- 
cisve brevibus suboppositis, interdum masculis subpinnati, fere 
arhizi. 

Folia magna (1:2-2°0™™) plus minus imbricata plana decurvave—raro 
subsecunda—semicordato-ovata raro rotundata, plerumque acuta 
acuminulatave, margine apicem versus denticulata vel etiam argute 
spinoso-dentata—in perpaucis integerrima—basin subdecurrentem 
versus sinuato-compliata ; lobulus parvus, folio 4-7-plo brevior, 
basi szepe subinflatus, caeterum planus appressus, margine transverso 
seepe alto rotundato 1—2-denticulato, raro integerrimo, in paucis sp. 
4-crenulato; cellule mediocres subeequilateree fere plane leptodermes 
subpellucidee. 

Foliola sat magna, foliis subduplo breviora, raro eequimagna, orbiculata 
reniformiave, basi v. cordata v. decurrentia, margine integerrimo v. 
toto fere spinuloso. Rhizina rarissima stellato-patula, apice trifida. 

Flores dioici vel monoici (autoici et paroici): Q dichotomiales. Bractez 
foltis pro more vix equilonge, angustiores, profunde bifidee, lobo 
superne spinuloso (in unica sp. integerrimo), lobulo parvo integerrimo; 
bracteola obovata, rotundato-truncata emarginatave, apice saltem, 
vel tota, argute dentata (in Mackaii integerrima). 

Perianthia magnay. imomaxima, paleeformiav. subobovata, fere planissima 

facie postica in paucis obscure obtuse unicarinata—apice rotundato- 
truncato v. sepius obcordato brevirostellata, margine integerrima 
repandula raro obsolete alata. 

Andreecia rarius medio caule, foliis caulinis continua, szepe infra florem 
feem., vel in furecarum apice posita; bracteze pauci—plurijuge; 
antheridia solitaria, raro bina.—Interdum antheridia intra bracteas 
floris 2 ipsissimas inventa sunt. 


Hab. In arborum ramis, raro ad rupes; omnes fere species Ameri- 
canze monticole, 


Distr. Species 4 Americanas hucusque cognitas, omnes in Andibus 
vequatorialibus, rarius et vix supra 1800 metra—L. Bongardianam ad 
montium pedem prope Guayaquil—ipse legi. Si pro quinta specie 
LL. siliculosam Wils. Mst. habueris, hee in Columbia solum a PURDIE 
lecta est. H. L. paleflora n. sp. a meipso in M. Chimborazo inventa; 
HI, L. robusta Mitt., primum a cl. JAMESON lecta, per Andes Quitenses et 
Peruvianos mihi hie illic obvia fuit. H. L. Guilleminiana Mont. et 
Bongardiana L. et L. a Mexico ad Brasiliam usque distribute sunt.— 
Species extra-americana insignis est H. L. Mackaw Hook., insulis Britan- 
nicis haud rara, nuperius etiam in Italia inventa. Species pulchra 
africana est H. L. excavata Mitt., ad fl. Nigrum lecta; asiaticam nullam 
cognosco. 


A. Foliola integerrima. 


a. Folia pro more integerrima. Monoice. 


1. Homalo-L. Guilleminiana, Elata. F. semicordato-ovata, inferiora apice 
rotundata, superiora acuta, lobulo 4-plo breviore margine 4-dentato, 
dentibus plerumque opacis. Foliola foliis eequilata, dimidio breviora, 
orbiculari-reniformia, basi longe decurrentia. Flores 9 semper dicho- 
tomiales ; bracteze apice denticulate ; bracteola late spathulata, 
apice rotundato spintloso-denticulata. Per. obovata vel rectangu- 
lari-oblonga, planissima, retusa emarginatave. 


134 HoMALO-LEJEUNEA. 


{Homalo-L. siliculosa Wils. Ms. Pusilla. Folia angustiora. Foliola 
basi subcordata. Bracteola linearis subserrata emarginato-bifida,— 
Columbia}. 

[Homalo-L. Mackait Hook. F. subsemicordato-ovato-rotunda, omnia 
obtusissima, lobulo margine sinum versus dentibus 2 opacis aucto. 
Foliola duplo breviora, basi neyue cordata nec decurrentia. Flores 
2 pro more dichotomiales, interdum innovatione unilaterali sola 
suffulti. Br. integerrimee. Per. obcordato-obovata.—Insulis Britan- 
nicis. | 

b. Folia superne. serrata spinosave. Dioice. 


2. Homalo-L. Bongardiana. Tenella. F. erecto-patula subplana dimi- 
diato-ovato-oblongi, apiculata apiceque subserrulata, lobulo 6-plo 
breviore suplano. F' foliis vix duplo breviora, quacdrato-orbicu- 
lata, seepe retusula, basi decurrentia. Br. subacuminatee superne 
grosse serrate; br! ovalis emarginato-bifida, dimidio supero serru- 
lata. Per. magna rufa cuneato-obovata retusa longirostria. 

3. Homalo-L. paleflora, Priore duplo major. F. a basi brevi saccata 
divergentia subplana crispula ovato-oblonga obtusata acuminulatave, 
superne argute spinoso-dentata, lobulo 6-7-plo breviore inflato. 
F'2 foliis vix duplo breviora, cordato-orbiculata ad basin decurren- 
tem sepe biauriculata. Br. argute spinulose; br'* longior obovato- 
cuneata emarginata subduplo spinoso-dentata. Per. paleeformia, 
fere planissima, emarginato-truncata rostellata. 

[ Homalo-L. excavata Mitt. F. decurvo-concava, oblongo-rotunda minute 
apiculata apice subdenticulata, lobulo plus duplo breviore plano. 
I's foliis imo majora, breviora vero latiora, reniformi-rotunda, recurvo- 
convexa, Br. foliis subeonformes; br!* obovato-spathulata brevissime 
bifida, segmentis apiculatis, toto apice subdentata. Per. obovata 
rotundata rostellata——Ad fl. Nigrum Africee (BARTER). ] 


B. Foliola (aque ac folia) spinuloso-denticulata. 
4. Homalo-L. robusta. Flores paroici. 


1. Homaio-LEJEUNEA GUILLEMINIANA, M. et N. 
Phragmicoma G., Mont. in Annal. Se. Nat., 1841, p. 128. 


Var. cardiantha, Spruce. Hab. In Andibus Quitensibus ad arborum ramu- 
los, alt. circiter 1500 m., locis Pallatanga, Antombos, riv. Chasudn 
(Chimborazo), ete.; Brasilia (GUILLEMIN); Venezuela (Moritz). 

F 2°0x1:5; lob 5 x°453 ¢ sds; f'* 13x15, 111 x1°3, ramea “75 x '8 ; 
br. lob 2°15 x 1°25; br’* 1°8x 1°5; per 3°5 x 2-0™™, 

Robusta, badia vel e viridi rufa, stratificata, seepe pendula; caules 3—4- 
pollicares densifolii, basi prostrata autem denudati, validinigrescentes 
superne 2-4-ies dichotomi, angulo dichotomiarum subrecto. _ 

Folia magna imbricata patula, apice decurvo-cucullata, a basi semicordata 
ovata ovatove-oblonga, inferiora rotundata superiora abrupte acuta 
(ramea subapiculata) integerrima, subrecte complicata, plica recta 
angulum 45° cum caule efformante; lobulus 4-plo brevior appressus 
fere planus subtrapezoideus, apice cum lobo abrupte confluens, mar- 
gine rotundato 4-dentato, dentibus cellula unica tribusve (opacis 
sepeve pellucidis) constantibus; cellule mediocres planz pellucide, 
chlorophyllo parco, trigonis nullis, inferiores sensim majores longior- 
esque, marginales fere duplo maiores. 


HoMALO-LEJEUNEA. 35 


Foliola imbricata, foliis equilata plus dimidio breviora, orbiculato-reni- 
formia, undulato-retusa, insigniter convexo-recurvula, integerrima, 
basi longe attenuato-decurrentia, a media basi fere ad apicem usque 
unisulca, plerumque arhiza. Foliolum infraflorale ceteris majus, 
orbiculatum subdenticulatum tota longitudine sulcato-carinatum. 

Flores monoici et dioici: ? terminales in dichotomiis. Bracteze ramulo 
novello adnate, foliis sublongiores appressze oblique oblong acute, 
apice denticulatee, ultra $ bilobee, lobulo angusto lineari apice libero 
lanceolato; bracteola paulo brevior late spatulata, apice lato rotun- 
dato spinuloso-denticulata, inferne laxe texta. 

Perianthia magna, alte emersa, basi rufo-badia apice albida, anguste 
obovata—alia rectangulari-oblonga—planissima, decurva (ad Sca- 
pane instar) apice lato obcorcato emarginatove brevirostria, margine 
subincrassato repandulo leevissimo. 

Andrecia ramulis tenuibus julaceis, ex inferiore caule ortis, constantia ; 
bracteze pauci-plurijugze foliis 2-3-plo breviores, lobulo turgido lobo 
dimidio minore. Antheridia e reliquiis solitaria viderentur.—Plante 
unisexuales frequenter adsunt. 


Planta nostra cum descr. ‘Synopseos’ et Gottschei ‘ Mex. Leverm. 171,’ 
satis bene congruit, differt autem a speciminibus Montagneanis in hb. 
Hook. (sine loco natali) caracteribus tanti momenti ut hee ultima pro 
diversa specie fere habenda. Quum autem dubius sum, in presenti 
varietatem “apiculata” appello, a typo diversam statura duplo minore ; 
colore pallidiore; foliis planioribus, swperioribus longius apiculatis apiceque 
sepe angulato-denticulatis ; lobulo majore (=fere 4 folii) haud omnino 
tecto, apice breviter truncato; foliolis fere planis reniformi-spatulatis 
repandis; bracteola ovali apice ad + acute bifida, segmentis acuminulatis 
serrato-dentatis. 


Note.—These specimens of Montagne’s are possibly from the original 
station (“ Mt. Corcovado a cl. Guillemin lecta”), yet they differ more from 
the ‘Synopsis Hep.’ description than do my own Andine ones. In all 
the forms the lower stem-leaves are obtuse or even rotundate, the upper 
acute or apiculate, and the leaves of slender branches have a longer 
apiculus. My plant differs from the description in ‘Syn. Hep.’ chiefly in 
the obcordate, or emarginate perianth; and from Montagne’s plant by the 
broad entire (not bifid) bracteole.* 


2. Homato-LEJEUNEA BonGcarpiana, LL. et Lindenb. 


Syn. Hep. 318; Phragmicoma B., Lindenb. op. cit. 740. Homalo-L. 
Radula, Spruce Mst. 


Hab. Ventanas prope Guayaquil, in Cacao ramis. 


F 12x°8, -9x°5, lob -2, ¢ J; f'* "75x “75, 65 x ‘65, °5 x °4 (ramea); br 
ix 00, L275; OF 1X8, Weld X73 per’ 2b S14 


Tenella pulchella, pallide viridis, caulibus badiis, perianthiis magnis rufis. 


* Homalo-Lejeunea siliculosa, Wils. in hb. Hook. (sub Jung.), ad Salanga 
Columbix, a Purdie, anno 1836, lecta, ad Phr. Guilleminianam a cel. Taylor 
relata, mihi diversa videtur ; statura pusilla; foliis angustioribus, magis dissitis, 
ad lobulum solum imbricatis, lobulo minore tecto; foliolis subrotundis repandis, 
basi subcordatis, vel hine semicordatis, hinc breviter decurrentibus (nee utrinque 
longe decurrentibus ac in L. Guilleminiana); demum bracteola lineari sub- 
serrata apice emarginato-bifida, 


136 HoMALO-LEJEUNEA. 


Caules 3-2-pollicares erecti pendulive bis terve dichotomi (angulo 
subrecto), laxe stratificati. 

Folia laxe subimbricata, erecto-patula, fere plana, semicordato-ovato- 
oblonga, basi antica dilatata subsemicordata, apice apiculata acu- 
minulatave et plus minus serrulata (dentibus pro more 3-4), basi 
postica subdecurrente recte complicata; lobulus minutus folio 6-ies 
brevior linearis subplanus subintegerrimus; cellule 34, mm. subcon- 
formes chlorophyllosee subpellucidee. 

Foliola dissita, superiora sola contigua v. subimbricata majoraque, foliis 
vix duplo breviora quadrato-orbiculata, apice undulata seepe retusula, 
basi profunde excavato-decurrentia, raro ibidem in lobulos breves 
obtusos liberos producta. 

Fl. dioici: Q terminales in dichetomiis; bractese patulee foliis equilongee 
paulo angustiores subacuminate acute supra medium grosse serrate, 
ad 3 bifidee, plica angusta sublinearis apice elongato-acuta; bracteola 
subequimagna ovalis v. ovali-lanceolata, apice recurvo emarginato- 
bifida, sinu triangulari, segmentis apiculatis, a medio serrulata, 

Perianthia magna foliis 2-plo et ultra longiora, rufa, cuneato-obovata, 
complanata, ex apice lato retuso longius rostellata, antice planissima, 
postice obsolete carinata fere plana, margine integerrima parum 
angulata, demum bilabiata. Calyptra = per 3, subpyriformis (a basi 
ad medium angusta, teres, dein subabrupte dilatata, ovalis) valida, e 
cell. stratis 2 confecta, demum apice triloba, lobulo medio minore. 
Capsula pallida majuscula, in pedicello longiusculo corrugato exserta 
profunde 4-fida, valvulis recurvulis 5-6 striatis apicem versus elateri- 
bus longis obsitis. 


3. HomMALo-LEJEUNEA PALAZFLORA, Spruce (Tas. IV.). 


Hab. In Andibus Quitensibus sylvaticis, alt. circiter 1500™, e ramis pen- 
dula, devexu occidentali in monte Chimborazo, orientali ad Antombos 
juxta fl. Pastasa. 

F 2-25 x 1°35 (lata ad lobuli apicem), lob °35, ¢ Js; f 1:°25x 1:2, 1:35 x 
1°35; br 2°0x103 br* 24x18 5 per 40x 20mm, 

Elata pallida, e viridi rufula. Caules 4-6-pollicares iteratim dichotomi, 
angulo furcarum subrecto. 

Folia subplano-disticha perpaulo imbricata, siccando crispula et quasi 
dissita, sublongitudinaliter inserta, basi brevi spatio saccata suberecta, 
dein abrupte subdivaricata (infra lineam horizontalem divergentia) 
semicordata-ovato-oblonga obtusata vel abrupte acuminulata, superne 
argute spinoso-dentata, dente uno alterove apicali seepe longe majore; 
lobulus 6-7-plo brevior semioblongus subinflatus, margine transverso 
subrotundato sinum versus obscure unidentatus ; cellulee mediocres 
pellucidee leptodermes subconformes, 

Foliola foliis fere eequilata, vix duplo breviora, subcontigua, cordato- 
orbiculata repandula integerrima fere planissima, basi profunde ex-~ 
cavata pro more in auriculas parvulas subcirculares lunatasve deor- 
sum producta. 

Flores dioici(?): @Q dichotomiales. Bracteze foliis minores profunde 
bifidee, semiovali-lanceolate subacuminatee argute spinulosze, lobulo 
parvo angusto rhomboideo, vel lineari in apicem subulatum producto, 
integerrimo; bracteola bracteis longior, obovato-cuneata, late emargi- 
nata, profunde et subduplo spinoso-dentata. Foliolum infraflorale 


HomaAuLo-LEJEUNEA. 137 


ceteris caulinis multo majus, orbiculatum, toto fere margine spinu- 
loso denticulatum. 

Perianthia alte emersa, foliis fere duplo longiora, paleeformia, (a basi brevi 
triangulari rectangularia), fere planissima, postice obscure convexula, 
apice emarginata-truncata rostellata, margine apicem versus nonnun- 
quam obsolete alata, leevissima. 

Andreecia nulla invenire potui. 


A L. robusta, Mitt. differt floribus dioicis; foliis laxe imbricatis, apice 
argute spinosis, lobulo multo minore ; pracipue autem foliolis integer- 
rimis, ipsa basi decurrente biauriculatis, i.e. cordatis. 

Ad Antombos adest forma pallide viridis laxa, foliis plane dissitis apice 
pauciserratis, lobulis minutis interdum subobsoletis ; foliolis hine auri- 
culatis, hinc longe sensim decurrentibus, auricnla nulla. 


Obs. Where the plants cross one another, or an intermixed hepatic or 
moss, the underleaf puts forth at the crossing a many-rayed star of radi- 
cles, each split at the top into about three papilla, which adhere closely 
to the object they overlie; but unless the stems come into contact with 
anything they emit no radicles, although the brownish hilum at the 
middle base of the under leaf is always present, and is doubtless ready to 
exert its root-bearing function whenever required. 


4, HomMaALo-LEJEUNEA Rosusta, Mitt. 
In Hook. Journ. Bot. (1851), 


Hab. In Andibus Peruvianis et Quitensibus, alt. 1200-2500, ad saxa 
arboresque ; Pichincha, in descensu occidentali, ubi primum invenit 
JAMESON, postea ipse legi, et in monte Campana, ad pedem m, Tungu- 
ragua juxta Banos, ete. 


F 1:9x1°5, lob 4, ¢ Ay; f'* 8 (a media basi, 1:1 ab angulo decurrente) 
pete or 1S x 1°05; br 1°8x1-35; per 30-40 x 1°7™™, 


Elata badia stratificata. Caules 3-6-pollicares validi parce dichotomi vel 
brachiatim divisi—steriles interdum pinnati, ramis paucis brevibus 
suboppositis. 

Folia conferta—plus quam dimidio imbricata—szpe ad Mastigobryi instar 
disticho-deflexa, a basi complicata suberecta ad lobuli apicem abrupte 
divergentia, semicordato-ovata, truncata, acuta vel (superiora) apicu- 
lata acuminulatave, margine postico toto fere, antico apicem versus, 
spinuloso-denticulata, basin versus sinuato-complicata ; lobulus 5-plo 
brevior subplanus semi-obparabolicus, margine transverso repando 
vel bidenticulato; cellule majuscule equilateree pellucide, pariete 
tenui. 

Foliola duplo fere breviora late imbricata, late orbiculata, vel cuneato- 
orbiculata, basi brevius longiusve decurrentia ibidemque crispula— 
interdum hine parviauriculata, toto margine (basi excepta) spinuloso- 
denticulata lateque recurva. 

Flores monoici (autoici et paroici): ? terminales, innovationibus duabus 
oppositis suffulti. Bractese foliis caulinis vix breviores ab apice ad 
3 alt. bifidee, lobo oblique lanceolato subacuminato superne subdenti- 
culato, lobulo minuto rhomboideo apiculato; bracteola magna obovato- 
cuneata subtruncata vel late emarginata, margine toto fere argute 
spinulosa; omnes bractes: basi macula magna flavida notate, 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN, VOL. XV. 8 


138 HoMALO-LEJEUNEA. 


Perianthia maxima, foliis duplo longiora, fulva, a basi brevicuneata rec- 
tangulari- oblonga, valde compressa, fere plana, ex apice emarginato 
longirostria demum bilabiata, margine repandulo levi. 

Andreecia vel ramulum terminantia, flore 2 in ipso apice nullove, bracteis 
¢ 2-4-jugis, vel in medio caule posita, bracteis plurijugis foliis con- 
secutivis. Bracteze hasi naviculares subturgidze ultra 4 bifidee, lobulo 


lobo duplo breviore ovato-lingulato acuto. Antheridia magna, singula, 
raro binata. 


Obs. In specimens gathered on Pichincha the very apex of both stem 
and branches is minutely bifid, with a monogynous 9 flower in the fork. 
The next 2 or 3 pairs of leaves below the ? bracts contain antheridia— 
solitary, rarely twin; and very rarely a solitary abortive antheridium 
occurs In the axil of each 9 bract. The branchlets of each fork finally 
lengthen out and flower at the apex, like the first branches. 


Suscenus X VI.—DICRANO-LEJEUNEA, 8. 


Caules e caudice prostrato tenui ramoso, cito dissoluto, ascendentes pendu- 
live cawspitosi elatinsculi (1—4-pollicares) graciles flexuosi, fere arhizi, 
pinnati, pinnis alternis distantibus—hine swepe pro parte deficientibus 
—superioribus iteratim dichotomis, flore 2 in furcis. 

Folia majuscula (*75—-1‘6mm.) parum imbricata decurva, siccando involuta, 
semicordato-ovata, subtriangularia, acuta, apice argute jee Mate loli 
serratave, raro integerrima, ad plicam decurrentia; lobulus (=1-$ 
folii) inflatus, margine seepius unidenticulatus, apice v. dentiformi v. 
confluente; cellulee mediocres parvuleeve pachydermes pellucide, 
utriculo pro more collapso. 

Foliola foliis subduplo breviora—in unica sp. fere equimagna—oblonga, 
rotunda, reniformiave, decurrentia integerrima, radicellas fasciatas 
apice subdivergentes (nec in orbem radiantes) perraro proferentia. 

Flores monoici (paroici)—interdum dioici (?): Q dichotomiales. Bracteze 
foliis raro longiores, lanceolate acute spinulose ciliateeve, minutis- 
sime (vel non) lobulatee—in unica sp. lobulo magis distincto, carina 
alata; bracteola latior, longius ciliata, apice integra v. emarginato- 
truncata. 

Perianthia emersa obcordata compressa brevirostria, margine alata cilia- 
taque, postice late obtuse unicarinata, vel rarissime carinis 2 sub- 
spinosis percursa. [Perianthium revera in dorso primitus bicarin- 
atum est, carinis obtusis basi haud longe dissitis, superne conniventi- 
bus, apiceque confluente 1—-(raro pluri-) spinis inermibusve, fructu 
autem maturato, obsoletis, indeque perianthium dorso alte convexum 
ecarinatum videtur.] Calyptra perianthio fere duplo brevior pyri- 
formis tenuis rufula, ultra medium in valvulas 3 regulares, tertia 
paulo latiore, fissa. Capsula globosa tenuis pellucida, ultra $ quadri- 

ralvis, cellulis bistratis, externis magnis quadrato-hexagonis, internis 
intus nodosis seepe ex parte dissolutis. Elateres pauci subapicales, 
cujusque valvyule sub 6 (utrinque 3), e cellulis valvularum mar- 
ginalibus, ceeteris duplo mimoribus quadratis, orti, preelongi, capsula 
haud multo breviores, unispiri, apice lato truncati. 

Andreecia hypogyna; bractee foliis rami fertilis parum mutatis con- 
stantes, monandre. 


DICRANO-LEJEUNEA, 139 


Cum Odonto-Lejeunea convenit perianthiis obcordatis, ala ciliata spino- 
save marginatis, et foliis dentatis; certe tamen distat caulibus a matrice 
liberis czespitosis; foliis decurvis in siceco involutis solum apicem versus 
(nec toto fere margine) dentato-serratis, lobulo turgidiore; foliolis semper 
integerrimis, radicellis (perraris) penicillatis, nee in discum expansis ; 
florescentia paroica; floribus 2 constanter dichotomialibus; bracteis ¢ 
foliis conformes monandris (nee multo minoribus diandris, ac in Odonto- 
Lejeunea). 

Hab, Ad arborum ramulos, rarius ad rupes vel in ipsa terra sub fruti- 
cum umbra, in regione Andium Aequatorialium media sylvatica, inter 
1000 et 2500 m. alt. 


Distr. Subgenus extra Andium juga, a Mexico ad Boliviam usque, 
adhue haud visum, speciebus sub 7 constat, quarum 4 (3 novas) ipse 
legi. 

A. Foliola foliis subduplo minora. Folia patentia. 
a. Foliola longiora quam lata. Perianthia margine alato pauct- 
longiciliata. 
1. Dierano-L. axillaris. Per. dorso late unicarinata subinermia. 
2. Dicrano-L. hypoacantha. Per. dorso bicarinata, carinis inciso-ciliatis. 
b. Foliola latiora quam longa. Per. ad alam crebre breviuscule ciliata, 
dorso alte carinata mermia. 


3. Dicrano-L. ciliatiflora. 


B. Foliola foliis fere equimagna reniformia. Folia supra lobulum 
divergentia-devoluta. 


4, Dicrano-L. circinnata. Per exalata, apice minute pauciciliata, fere 
complanata, dorso inermia. 


1. DicRANoO-LEJEUNEA AXILLARIS, Mont. 


Ann. des Se. Nat. 2 Ser. V. p. 59. 

Hab. In Andium Aequatorialium devexis sylvaticis, tam orientalibus 
quam occidentalibus, in sylva Canelos, super montes Tunguragua, 
Chimborazo, Azuay, ete., alt. 1000-2500 m., ad arborum ramulos 
rarius ad rupes. Peruvia (Hb. Mus. Par.). Mexico (LErBorp). 

PEE > Fox 5; lob3; ¢3,; f* 6x35, 5x3; br “8x -4; br 65x 


? 
453 per 19x 1:2, 15 x 1-2, 12 x 10mm, 

Elata ceespitosa erecta pendulave rufu-badia-fulvave. Caules 2—4-polli- 
cares flaccidi pinnati, ramis distantibus superioribus iteratim dicho- 
tomis. 

Folia contigua vel subimbricata, a basi turgid plieaté suberecta patentia, 
semicordato-ovata, seepe fere dimidiata vel subtriangularia, apice 
valde decurvo (in siceo convoluto) argute 3-vel paucidentata; lobulus 
subtriplo brevior ovatus, convexo-siccatus, margine unidentato api- 
ceque triangulari incurvus ; cellule parvulee equilateree, pariete ad 
anculos (rarius etiam ad media latera) incrassato, utriculo perseepe 
collapso, pellucide. 

Foliola foliis vix duplo breviora, oblonga rotundata retusulave, decur- 
rentia, media basi dorso mammillé, interdum glutinosa, raro radi- 
cellas fasciculatas, proferente, preedita, alis recurvis. 

Flores monoici: 9 dichotomiales (primum terminales, innovationibus 


140 DICRANO-LEJEUNEA. 


duabus valde rudimentariis suffulti). Bractez foliis subbreviores 
plane lanceolate, altera elobulata, altera lobulo dentiformi inflexo 
aucta, bracteolaque oblonga supra medium dentato-spinos-cilia- 
teeve. 

Perianthia foliis longiora, basi anguste cuneata plus minus elongata, dein 
obovata, apice obcordata medio mammillata, compressa, margine 
alata, ala supra medium laciniato-ciliata, sine ciliis 1-4 cell. lata ; 
ciliis utrinque 7-10, 4-8 cell. longis, inferne c. 2, superne 1, latis, 
varie hamatis; antice subplana, postice convexo-carinata (revera 
obtuse bicarinata, carinis approximatis superne conniventibus) api- 
ceque vel nudo vel cilio uno alterove auctis. Calyptra pyriformis 
tenuis. Capsula globosa. 

Antheridia in ramorum @ foliorum precipue superiorum axillis solitaria 
magna globosa longistipitata. Folia (s. bractez) czteris foliis caulinis 
haud diversa vel solum basi paulo magis ventricosa. 

In the lobules, and sometimes in the perianth, are occasionally found 
from 1 to 3 orbicular lens-shaped bodies the size of the antheridia but 
whitish and opaque. They have a minute marginal umbo, but no stalk. 


2. DIcRANO-LEJEUNEA HYPOACANTHA, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylvis Andium Quitensium occidentalibus ad Pallatanga, alt. 
2000 m.: ramicola. 


F 11x °8; lob 25; css; f* 5x35; br 10x ‘5; br'*10x'6; per 15x 
1-0™™, (ciliis tnclusis). 


L. azillari affinis, differt colore virescente; foliis abrupte acutis obtusisve 
apicem versus (raro toto fere margine) inzequaliter serratis (dentibus 
5-8), plica cum margine postico fere recte continua, lobulo angustiore 
integerrimo in lobum sensim transeunte; foliolis subminoribus; in- 
vationibus florum @ interdum solitariis nec oppositis; preecipue 
autem perianthiis basi brevissime angustatis, margine fere a basi 
longiciliatis, postice bicarinatis, carinis (vel saltem altera) ala inciso- 
ciliata auctis. 


Obs. The perianth furnished with two winged and ciliated keels at the 
back makes this plant seem, at first sight, very different from L. axillaris, 
whose perianth has only one broad and usually unarmed keel underneath; 
but in reality this one keel arises from the confluence, in mature and 
postmature perianths, of two obtuse keels, standing not very widely apart 
below and uniting above, a little below the apex of the perianth, where 
they are usually armed with a single spine or cilium; and (very rarely 
indeed) one of these keels will have two or three additional subapical 
spines.—The narrower and less saccate lobules may arise from the fact 
that hypogynous antheridia are much rarer in L. hypoacantha, although 
the inflorescence is the same as in L. avillaris. A form of the latter from 
Mt. Azuay, with normal perianths, has the leaf-lobule almost as in L. 
hypoacantha, but the marginal teeth are fewer, larger, and sharper. 


3. DickRANO-LEJEUNEA CILIATIFLORA, Spruce. 


Hab. In monte Tunguragua, alt. 2400" super arborum ramulos. 
F1:4x°2, lob 3, ep; f@ °75 x 85; br 1:°25x ‘9; bra 11x11; per 21x 
1°44™m, 


Badia, sat robusta; caules 1-2-pollicares, basi sola matrici adfixi, dein 


DICcRANO-LEJEUNFA. 141 


liberi, patuli pendulive, distanter pinnati, ramis brevibus semel vel 
iteratim prolifero-dichotomis. 

Folia paulo (vix ad }) imbricata, subdivergentia, late suboblique semicor- 
dato-ovata, subtriangularia, apice decurvo apiculato-acuta ibidemque 
pauei-serrulata vel integerrima, supra basin posticam valde sinuato- 
complicata; lobulus 5-plo brevior, decurrens saccatus oblique com- 
presso-obconicus, margine transverso subplano sinum versus grosse 
bidenticulatus; cellulz subpellucidie, chlorophyllo in annulum con- 
gesto, subconformes, mediocres, folii apicem et marginem anticum 
versus minores, subbasales laxiores. 

Foliola imbricata dimidium folium parum excedentia, orbiculata, paulo 
latiora quam longa, alis a media basi (ubi radicelle affixee sunt) 
longé supra caulem decurrentibus, basi ipsa rotundatis cordatisve, 
mnargine supero recurvula. 

Flores monoici: 2 in dichotomia terminales; bracteze foliis subbreviores 
appressze, sese late imbricantes, ovales (fere symmetrice) acute su- 
perne plus minus serrulate subspinuloszeve [lobulo ad processum 
minutum subulatum, 4 cellulas longum 1-2-cell. latum, lobo basi 
intra marginem adnatum, redactu]; bracteola orbiculata subspathulata 
medio concaya alis plus minus recurvula, integerrima. 

Perianthia alté emersa, foliis canlinis multo longiora, obcordato-pyriformi- 
oblonga rostellata, antice profunde unisulca, postice alte obtuse 1- 
carinata, margine al&é supra medium (raro feré ab ipsa basi) crebre 
breviuscule ciliata cincta, carina postica levi. (Ala sine cilis 3 cell. 
lata; cilia 3-6 ¢. longa, basi 2 c. superne 1 c. lata). 


Flores autoici et paroici; andreecia vel in ramulo subflorali terminalia, 
vel infra bracteas floris 2 posita; bracteze ¢ paucijugze, foliis vix diverse, 
solum lobulo turgidiore. Antheridia solitaria magna. 


Pulchra species! a L. Cipaconea Gottsche (in N. Granata lecta) diversis- 
sima. L. Mexicana Lindenb. Syn. H. 325, subsimilis folia habet acumi- 
nata semper integerrima, et perianthia parum armata. 

4, DIcRANO-LEJEUNEA CIRCINNATA, Spruce. 


Hab. Tunguragua, ad terram inter Ericeas, alt. 2500™. 


1g 


Cespites elati densissimi, pallidi badiive, siccando fuscescentes; caules 
3-6-pollicares, suberecti, flexuosi, arcte fastigiati, parce pinnati, ramis 
brevibus alternis dissitis, fertilibus furcatis. 

Folia tenuia tenera imbricata, e basi semierecta, angulo recto’ diver- 
gentia, valde devoluta, circinnatave, semicordato-ovato-oblonga, sub- 
triangularia, acuta, superiora acuminulata, sepe apiculata v. apiee 
denticulis 3-5 serrulata, infra medium sinuato-complicata; lobulus 
folio plus duplo brevior, ovalis, compresso-saccatus, subplanus, basi 
longitudinali cauli incurrens, margine obliquo integerrimo y. seepius 
(sinum versus) denticulo cellulam unicam opacam sistente auctus; 
cellule mediocres pellucidz intus annulo chlorophylli tenui cincte, 
membrana secundaria conspicua, trigonis majusculis. 

Foliola foliis subzequimagna imbricata reniformi-orbiculata, media basi 
altiuscule excavata (decurrentia), ad latera valde incurva caulem 


142 DICRANO-LEJEUNEA, 
amplexantia basique rotundata plicato-crispa, apice lato tamen angus- 
tissime recurvula, margine toto cellulis parvis quadratis limbata, 
anculata integerrima. 

Fl. dioici: 9 terminales, e rami dichotomia. Bracteze foliis longiores, ad 
2 usque complicato-bilobee, ad carinam rectam ala fere semicirculari 
auctze; lobi oblique lanceolati acuminulati superne sparse denticu- 
lati; lobuli duplo breviores angustioresque rhomboidei acuti; 
bracteola bracteis paulo brevior, ovalis, apice rotundato grosse 
serrata. 

Perianthia vix emersa obovata subobcordata obscure rostellata fere com- 
planata, postice parum convexa inermia, margine infra apicem ciliis 
paucis (utrinque 4-6), minutis, 3-4 c. longis, sparse obsita. 


Adyeniunt in altero cespite plant graciliores magis ramose, aliis ramis 
brevioribus julaceis, foliis lobulo turgidiore instruetis, antheridiis autem 
orbatis, anne igitur masculze? 


Suscexus XVII.—ODONTO-LEJEUNEA, S. 


Plante speciosee, sat elatee v. pusillee, prostrate et radicellis suis, in 
haustoria disciformia radiatis, arcte repentes, flaccidze rufo-badiz, raro 
in pusillis albicantes, vage ramos, raro subpinnate, ramis ineequi- 
longis interdum assurgentibus. 

Folia magna—in speciebusetiam pusillisseepe majuscula—O'5—2:0™™ longa, 
laxiuscule imbricata, plana undulatave, in sicco seepissime recurva, 
in paucis crispata, subdimidiata subfalcata, paulo longiora quam lata, 
in majoribus pro m. late obtusa, in pusillis saepe subacuminata, mar- 
gine toto (v. ex parte) argute spinoso-dentata, vel saltem (in pusillis) 
muricato-serrulata; lobulus=fohi }—4, raro minutus, rarissime sub- 
obsoletus, subplanus raro involutus, margine v. integerrimo v. den- 
ticulato, dentibus interdum cellula unica opaca terminatis; cellule 
mediocres y. parvule (j:—3;"™™) subeconformes subplanie, pariete ad 
angulos interdum etiam ad media latera incrassato. 

Foliola foliis 2-8-plo minora, seepius orbiculata, apice rotundato integra, 
raro emarginato-truncata, in unica L. Peruviana integra sepiusque 
bifida in eadem stirpe, fere semper dentata, in paucis utrinque sagit- 
ato-hastatove-spinosa, haustoria disciformia basi proferentia. 

Flores dioici—in unica sp. monoici: ; 9 in caule ramove terminales, inno- 
vatione (seepe prolifera) suffulti. Bracteze foliis minores angustiores, 
lobulo minuto nullove; bracteola lata apice rotundata, raro subemar- 
ginata—solum in L. Peruviana interdum bifida; omnes ad foliorum 
instar seepissime dentate. 

Perianthia plus minus alte emersa, cuneata v. obtriangularia, apice lato 
fere semper profunde obcordata—raro solum truncata retusave—ros- 
tellata, valde compressa, postice lata unicarinata, margine toto vel 
saltem dimidio supero alata, ala vel spinoso-dentata vel (in pusillis) 
denticulata spinulosave. 

Amenta ¢ ramulum totum vel ejus apicem solum tenentia, tenuiuscula ; 
bractee pauci-plurijugee laxiusculee diandree. 

Hab. In arborum preecipueque Palmarum humiliorum foliis vivis, 
spe etiam in filicibus, vix unquam in corticibus saxisque. 


OpoNtTO-LEJEUNEBA. 143 


Distr. In sylvis Amazonicis et Andinis ad alt. 2500™ usque sat fre- 
quenter occurrunt, speciesque 10 legi; aliz in insulis Antillis et Guiana 
invent sunt; nulla species (quantum scio) Asiatica adest, 1 autem 
Africana (L. tortuosa L. et L.) et 1 (L. Sieberiana G.) in Mauritii insula. 


A. Foliola integra—in unica specie truncato-emarginata. 


§ Folia margine dentibus magnis paucis, sinubus pro more lunulatis, 
armata. Bractew subelobulate. 


a. Foliola basi cordata sagittatave, margine plerumque dentata.—Plante: 
elatiores. 
a’. Flores dioict. 

1. Udonto-L. lunulata. Rufo-badia flaccida siccando crispa vage ramosa. 
F. semiovata subfaleata rotundata—raro spinoso-acuta—toto ambitu 
spinoso-dentata, dentibus posticis paucioribus (sub 4) majoribus, 
sinubus valde excisis, margine postico incurva basinque versus com- 
plicata; lobulus 3--5-plo minor ovato-quadratus, ad plicam convexo- 
saccatus, margine plano, apice subintegerrimo. Foliola f. 3-4-plo 
minora orbiculata basi subcordata vel rudimentarie hastata, apice 
denticulata basin versus spinulosa. Br. f. duplo minores ovato- 
ovales acutz dentate basi obsolete complicate; bracteola late ellip- 
tica dentata. Per f. subbreviora obcordata brevissime rostellata, toto 
margine late alata, ala crebre inciso-spinosa. Andr. longispica. 
Var. angustiflora, subminor, valde innovando-prolifera, foliis magis 
equidentatis, perianthiis preelongis apice parum emarginatis. 

2. Odonto-L. caleorata. Subpinnatim ramosa siccando crispa. F. diver- 
gentia subdimidiato-ovato-oblonga rotundata, superiora subacuta, 
margine fere toto sub:equaliter serrato-vel spinuloso-dentata, sin- 
uato-complicata, plica recta transversa folio 4-plo breviore; lobulus 
subplanus appressus tectus ovato-trapezoideus apice acuminulatus vel 
exciso-2-3-dentatus. Foliola subduplo breviora cuneato-rotunda, 
basi prelonge sagittata margine toto dentata spinosave. Br. foliis 
multo minores ovate acute spinulose basi minute sinuato-compli- 
eatee ; bracteola subrotunda spinulosa. Per. alte emersa cuneato- 
oblonga, truncato-rotundata vix obcordata, longirostria, rostello apice 
spinuloso, margine late alata, ala arcte ciliato-spinosa, 


3. Odonto-L. rhomalea. Robusta inequaliter ramosa, aliis ramis assur- 
gentibus, siccando crispatissima. F. arete imbricata rotundata, 
margine toto equaliter spinuloso-denticulata sinuato-complicata ; 
lobulus 3-plo brevior triangulari-ovatus subacutus crenulatus, crenulis 
cellulam unicam opacam sistentibus. Foliola plus duplo breviora 
cuneato-reniformia apice lato integerrima, basi utrinque minus longe 
sagittata spinoso-paucidentataque. 

a’, Flores monoict. 


4. Odonto-L. cherophylla. Majuscula inzequaliter bipinnata. F. laxe im- 
bricata patentia oblique ovata rotundata dentata subrecte complicata; 
lobulus fere 3-plo brevior decurrenti-saccatus, apice plano 3-dentato. 
Foliola f. vix 3-plo minora cordato-orbiculata integerrima v, subden- 
ticulata. Br. parvee ovales acute dentate obsolete lobulate; bracteola 
ovali-rotunda valde concava integerrima. Per. f. vix breviora 
cuneato-oblonga subemarginata, postice altiuscule carinata, margine 
(basi excepta) ala angusta spinuloso-denticulata cincta. 

b. Foliola basi rotundata decurrentiave, integerrima. Species humiliores, 
grandifolie tamen, omnes drovce. 


144 ODONTO-LEJEUNEA. 


5. Odonto-L. 10-dentata. Rufo-badia subpinnata. F. subcontigua oblongo- 
rotunda antice apiceque argute spinuloso-dentata, dentibus sub 10, 
lobulo nullo y. perparvo. Foliola 3-plo minora subspathulato- 
rotunda. Br. laxee foliis vix diverse; bracteola oblonga truncato- 
rotundata. Per foliis dimidio longiora obcordato-triangularia, margine 
superiore alata, ala spinis longis utrinque 8-10 armata. 


6. Odonto-L. hapalochroa. Pallida tenerrima subramosa. F, late semiovato- 
oblonga rotundata, superne angulato-dentata, dentibus paucis (sub 5) 
recte complicata, lobulo 3-plo breviore incurvo. Foliola 3-plo_bre- 
viora orbiculata. Br. foliis minores semiobovate denticulate elobu- 
late ; bracteola obovato-rotunda. Per. cuneata truncata retusulave, 
apicem versus alata, ala utrinque 3-laciniata. 


22. Folia angustiora e cellulis marginalibus prominulis muricato-serru- 
lata, nunquam valide dentata. Bractew (altera saltem) lobulate. 
Plante pusille dioice. 


7. Odonto-L. Surinamensis, Albescens crebre subpinnata eequaliter foliosa. 
F. imbricata semicordato-ovata falcata abrupte acuta minute denti- 
culata et (ramea precipue) muricato-serrulata, lobulo 4-5-plo breviore 
inflato. Foliola 3-plo minora squarroso-recurva orbiculato-reniformia 
integerrima. Br, f. breviores semiobovato-lanceolats acute serru- 
latee parvi-lobulate, bracteola obovato-rotunda retusula, Per. longe 
obcordato-obconica valde compressa, margine superne complanato 
spinulosa vel fere inermia. 


8. Odonto-L. stachyclada. Rufo-badia vage ramosa, aliis ramis brevibus 
aliis elongatis parvi-confertifoliis. F. subcontigua plana subfalcata 
semioblonga vel semicordato-ovato-oblonga acuta obtusave raro 
acuminulata, badio-marginata, submuriculato-denticulata v. fere in- 
tegerrima, lobulo minuto involuto; ramorum spiceeformium minora 
conferta ovato-lanceolata magis denticulata. Foliola 4-5-plo minora 
reniformia vel subquadrata rotundato-truncata, raro obcordata, in- 
tegerrima. Br. foliis subminores ovales acutée serrulatee, altera lobu- 
lata; bracteola obovato-obcordatove-orbiculata. Per. emersa cuneata 
late truncata, margine supero paucispinulosa v. subinermia. 


9. Odonto-L. truncatula. Rufo-badia czespitosa, subpinnatim ramosa, 
ramis apice circinatis. F. subimbricata decurvo-falcata semiovato- 
lanceolata acuta acuminulatave argute muricato-serrulata, lobulo 
plus duplo breviore convoluto. Foliola inferiora parva, superiora 
increscentia 4 fol. subeequantia, squarrosa, subquadrata, apice lato 
exciso-truncata integerrima vel secus flores 9 denticulata. Br. foliis 
subeequales spinulose, altera elobulata; bracteola suborbiculata 
cochleata integerrima. Per. obcordato-spatulata profunde emargi- 
nata, margine subintegerrima, 


B. Foliola pro more distincte bifida. 


10. Odonto-L. Peruviana. Dioica rufo-badia, longe repens subbipinnata. 
F. subimbricata subfalcato-semiovata rotundata subacutave, margine 
antico apiceque spinuloso-denticulata, lobulo triplo minore trans- 
verso ovato-trapezoideo inflato. Foliola inferiora parva, superiora 
inerescentia orbiculata recurvo-cochleata denticulata, ad 4-4 (raro 
ad 4 usque) bifida, rarissime integra, Br. foliis multo minores lance- 
olate serrulatee brevilobulate; bracteola ovalis denticulata bifida in- 


ODONTO-LEJEUNEA. 145 


tegrave. Per. obcordato-triangularia valde compressa supra medium 
anguste serrulato-alata. Andr. longispica, 


1. OponTO-LEJEUNEA LUNULATA, Web. 


Jung. lunulata, Web. Prodr. 33. Lejeunea 1. G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 
336. 


Hab. In sylva Amazonica, ad folia viva, haud infrequens; Tawaté prope 
Parad ; San Carlos et San Gabriel fi. Negro, etc. Per Americam 
tropicam sylvis calidis dispersa, a Mexico et Antillis ad Brasiliam 
australem. 

F1-4x°9, lob 3, cs; f'* 55 x 6, 35x35; br 75; br? "7 x ‘5; per 115 x 
1:05 (spinis inclusis) 1-1 x -9™™, 

Majuscula rufo-badia arcte repens, siccando e foliis recurvis valde crispa. 
Caules $—2-pollicares vage ramosi. 

Folia subimbricata plana vel seepius subtortilia crispulave, semiovata 
acinaciformia plerumque rotundata, toto ambitu grossiuscule spinoso- 
dentata—dentibus posticis paucis, sub 4, sinubus latis profundis, 
medio precipue, anticis crebrioribus minoribus—margine postico in- 
curva basinque versus complicata; lobulus 5-plo brevior subquadra- 
tus ovatusve subsaccatus (ad plicam rotundatus), margine applanatus 
sinumque versus vel truncatus vel obsolete dentatus vel denique 
sensim in lobum majorem transiens; cellule mediocres subconformes 
equilateree pellucide. 

Foliola foliis 3-4-plo breviora orbiculata, basi breviter sinuato-decurrentia, 
rarissime cordata vel rudimentarie hastata sagittatave, margine pauci- 
denticulata, plana vel recurvo-convexa. 

Flores dioici: 9 in ramo terminales, innovatione spe prolifera suffulti. 
Bracteze foliis duplo minores ovato-ovales acutze dentatee, basi minute 
inflexe vel non; bracteola late elliptica, medio concava, margine ex- 
planata dentata. 

Perianthia foliis caulinis subbreviora, late obcordata, brevissime rostel- 
lata, compressa, postice obtuse carinata, toto margine late alata, al& 
crebre spinosa incis&ve, spinis exclusis 5 cellulas lata. 

Andreecia ramum totum vel solum ejus. apicem tenentia; bracteze pluri- 
jug laxiusculz, ovate, a basi ad # alt. convoluto-complicatee, mar- 
gine dentate, Jobulo in lobum sensi transeunte. 


Obs. The postical margin of the leaves has usually only four teeth, 
and the gap between the second and third tooth is so wide and deep— 
extending to nearly one-third the length of the leaf—that it looks as if a 
piece had been cut out artificially. 


Var. angustiflora (Odonto-L. angustiflora, 8. Mst.). A typo differt ramis 
pluries innovando-proliferis; foliis duplo fere brevioribus (*85 x *6™™.) 
oblique oblongo-subrotundis subacutis obtusisve magis equaliter 
dentatis, lobulo haud saccato (plica transversa); bracteis lanceolatis 
erebre argute spinulosis; perianthiis foliis duplo fere longioribus 
(1°5 x -9™™) anguste obovato-oblongis retusis subemarginatisve. Ad 
fl. Bombonasa. 


Obs. The fertile branches, although short, innovate many times, there 
being only a pair of leaves between two consecutive ? flowers, which 
stand alternately right and left of the branch, 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. TE 


146 ODONTO-LEJEUNEA. 


2. OponTo-LEJEUNEA CALCARATA, Mont. (?) 


Phragmicoma calearata, Mont. Ann. Sc. Nat., 1843, p. 261 (2); Lejeunea 
lunulata y calearata, Syn. Hep. 326. Odonto-Lejeunea chelidonura, 
Spruce Mst, 


Tab. In sylva Amazonica, precipue secus fluvios Negro et Bombonasa, in 
foliis vivis, raro in cortice. In Andibus ad 1200™, alt. ascendit 
supra M. Campana. 


F 14x 1-25, lob ‘6 altus, 35 latus (ad plicam), c 33; f'* °85x ‘8 (calcaria 
35); br 95 br’? -75x°8; per 1°35 x 1:05™™. 


Majuscula rufo-badia prostrata arcte adrepens, Caules 1-2-pollicares 
vage ramosi, vel in plagule ambitu distanter subpinnati, plerumque 
sparsi, raro in densum stratum intexti. 

Folia magna ad + lat. imbricata, angulo recto divergentia, subplana— 
siccando sepe recurvo-crispula, late oblique ovata oblongave, fere 
dimidiata, apice rotundata vel superiora acutiuscula, margine toto, basi 
antica lata caulem transeunte excepta, argute serrato-vel spinuloso- 
dentata, dentibus «equidistantibus, 2 supra plice apicem ceteris seepe 
majoribus, margine infero a medio incurva basinque versus sinuato- 
complicata; lobulus plus 2-plo brevior subplanus et appressus anguste 
ovato-trapezoideus, basi (i.e. plicé) recta subtransversd, axi cauli 
parallel, acuminulatus ssepeque apice 1-vel pauci-dentatus; cellule 
majuscule subconformes hexagons, trigonis ad angulos conspicuis. 

Foliola foliis vix duplo minora cuneato-orbiculata, toto margine distanter 
dentata spinosave—quasi polygona, angulis in dentem productis— 
basi profunde sagittato- (rarius hastato-) bifida, se. utrinque in calcar 
prelongum acuminatum deorsum protracta. 

Flores dioici: Q in ramis primariis terminales, innovatione simplice pro- 
liferave suffulti. Bractez foliis longe breviores ovate ovalesve acute 
spinulos, basi ipsa anguste sinuato-complicate (vix lobulate); 
bracteola subrotunda concava spinulosa. 

Perianthia folium caulinum subzequantia, cuneato-oblonga truncata—vix 
obeordata, longirostria (rostello apice spinuloso), valde compressa, 
antice depressa, postice obtuse carinata, margine fere a basi late 
alata, ala superne arcte spinoso-serrata-ciliatave (sine spinis 3-5- 
cellulas lata). 

Andrecia ramos terminantia spiceeformia; bracteze plurijuge haud con- 
fertz, foliis 2-3-plo minores, ovales, acute serrate, ad 4 bifidee, lobulo 
arcte involuto anguste fusiformi antheridia bina fovente. 


Ad rivulum Cauapuna prope 8. Carlos, in foliis, formam legi minorem, 
magis ramosam, pinnatam sterilem, foliis equaliter argute dentatis, lobulo 
rhombeo; foliolis profunde (fere inciso-) dentatis, calearibus baseos pre- 
longis, c#eterum foliolum subeequantibus, rectis vel paulo divergentibus. 

Juxta fl. Bombonasa, in folio, aderat forma elata, tripollicaris, rufo- 
fulva, inequaliter pinnata bipinnataque, foliis magnis magis divergenti- 
bus; perianthiis crebris pro planta parvulis, apice demum bilabiatis, labio 
postico subinde ad carinam hiante. 

Eodem loco, in cortice, aderat altera forma, vage ramosa, foliis fere tam 
Jatis quam longis, semicordato-ovato-rotundis, minus argute dentatis ; 
foliolis prelatis margine polygonis—angulis submuticis—solum basin 
versus paucispinis, calcaribus prelongis margine interno (juxta caulem) 
dente reflexo auetis; perianthiis parvis folia haud excedentibus; cum 


OpoNTO-LEJEUNEA. 147 


descriptione Montagnei, lc., “foliis suborbiculatis, amphigastriis basi 
utrinque spinoso-dentatis cweterum integerrimis,” sat bene convenit. 

Odonto-L. calearata, in omnibus suis formis, ab Odonto-L. lunulata 
mihi distincta videtur foliolis magnis argute dentatis bast sagittatis ; 
lobulis multo altioribus quam latis; perianthiis apice fere truncatis, 
rostello longo ore fimbriato mucronatis. 


Obs. I have never seen an authentic specimen of Montagne’s Lejeunea 
calearata, and as he himself in the ‘Sylloge’—his latest work—concurred 
with the authors of the ‘Synopsis’ in regarding it a mere variety of L. 
lunulata, | am doubtful if the plant above described be the same. My 
plant I believe perfectly distinct from L. lunulata, especially by the 
sagittate under-leaves, produced at each basal angle into a long sharp spur, 
or spine, and not unlike a swallow’s tail, or the tailed wings of a Papilio, 
whence the name I gave it many years ago, Lejewnea chelidonura. 


3. ODONTO-LEJEUNEA RHOMALEA, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylva Canelos, ad Rio Verde fl. Pastasa affluentem, alt. 1400 m., 
in ramulis. 

F20x16,1:8x15; lobuls plica ‘6—5, alt °75-6; f"* 85 x 1:1; ¢ 3A—™. 

Robusta rufo-badia, in sicco valde crispa. Caules 2-3-pollicares repentes, 
ramos inzequilongos subdivisos, alios assurgentes, edentes. 

Folia arcte (ad 2 lat.) imbricata semicordato-ovata rotundata margine 
toto serrato-vel spinuloso-denticulata, basi antica caulem transeuntia, 
sinuato-complicata, plica recta transversa folio plus 3-plo breviore; 
lobulus planissimus subobliquus triangulari-ovatus, angulato-crenatus, 
crenulis 4 v. 5 cellulam unicam opacam sistentibus; cellulz mediocres 
equilatere, versus folii medium basinque majores. 

Foliola foliis plus duplo breviora, a basi cuneata sagittata reniformia, 
apice lato undulato-crispo integerrima, basin versus spinuloso-dentata, 
dentibus utrinque 4-5, infimo magno. Foliola caulis ramorumque 
repentium discum radicellarum magnum gerunt, ramorum assur- 
gentium tamen arhiza sunt. 


Ceteris affinibus robustior, siccando crispatissima, foliis maximis latis- 
sime imbricatis haud falcatis, lobulo toto margine distanter crenulato 
(nee apice solo 2-3-dentato, ac in L. lunulata) et foliolis apice preelato 
crispo integerrimis solumque prope basin dentatis, facile distincta species 
videtur. JL. calcarata folia habet laxius imbricata fere dimidiata, lobulo 
eodem fere ac L. lunulate, et foliola rotunda basi longius sagittata margine 
toto spinosa. 


4. ODonTO-LEJEUNEA CHEZROPHYLLA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos et Quitenses: Tarapoto, in foliis vivis, necnon in 
Bryo-Lejeunea diffusa repens, alt. 600; Tunguragua, in arborum 
foliis, alt. 2100™, 

F13x1°0; lob 5; ¢ dy; f'*-55x°55; br’* -9x°65; per 1:2 x ‘gam, 

Prostrata, sat robusta, rufo-badia, siccando crispa. Caules bipollicares, 
ineequaliter bipinnati, plus minus intricati.. 

Folia laxiuscule imbricata, angulo 60°-80° patentia, late oblique ovata 


rotundata, basi antic& lata caulem obtegentia, convexa, subcrispula, 
margine circumcirca fere dentata, postico valide late decurva basinque 


148 ODONTO- LEJEUNEA. 


versus complicata; lobulus folio triplo fere brevior, saccatus decur- 
rens, subovatus, apice plano rotundato exciso-tridentatus (dentibus 
cellula unica opaca szepe apiculatis); cellule parvule subconformes 
pellucide. 

Foliola foliis vix triplo minora, orbiculata, basi cordata, auriculis parvis 
sinuato-reflexis rotundis, margine integerrima vel obsolete denti- 
culata. 

Flores monoici: 9 in ramis terminales, innovatione brevi rarius iterum 
florifera suffulti. Bracteze foliis longe breviores, ovales acutee den- 
tatee, basi postica minute inflexee vel non; bracteola ovali-rotunda 
suborbiculatave, concavissima, margine toto late recurvo integer- 
rimo. 

Perianthia emersa, f. caulinis vix breviora, cuneato-oblonga, subobcordata, 
compressa, brevirostria, postice altiuscule obtuse carinata, margine 
ab apice ad ? longit. usque anguste alata, ala spinuloso-denticulata, 
(sine dentibus 3 cellulas lata), rostello integro. 

Andreecia ad caulem et ramos lateralia, spiceeformia, folio collaterali sub- 
equilonga ; bracteze sub 6-jugee, subineequilobe ; lobulo = lobi 2, 
involuto-inflato; lobo subacuminato, acuto rariusve obtuso, integer- 
rimo; antheridia bina. 


A beautiful and very distinct plant—apparently the only monoicous 
species among the Odonto-Lejeunew. The leaves are so widely incurved 
at the postical margin, especially towards the apex, that they become 
almost funnel-shaped. 


5. ODonTO-LEJEUNEA 10-DENTATA, Spruce, 


Hab. Ad fl. Bombonasa in sylva Canelos, alt. 600", in Iriartew pinna; 
Chimborazo, alt. 1200™, in filice. 


F -85x°6, lob 1; ¢ dy; f'* 25°25; br 8; bre 55x °35; per 12x 
10mm, 


Pusilla rufa prostrata. Caules pollicares subpinnatim ramosi, ramis 
brevibus. 

Folia pro plantula magna paululum imbricata subplana suboblique 
oblongo-obovatove-rotunda, margine antico apiceque argute spinu- 
loso-dentata, dentibus sub 10, 3 vy. 4 cellulas longis, basi 2 v. 3 cel- 
lulas latis, postico integerrima raro minute 1—2-spinulosa, basi seepius 
levissime vel obsolete inflexa; lobulus (quando raro adest) parvus 
ovatus subinflatus, apice vel mutico transeunte vel apiculato-acuto; 
cellule majusculee subconformes pellucidee. 

Foliola plus triplo minora, distantia ovali-rotunda, paulo longiora quam 
lata, e basi decurrente subspathulata, integerrima. 

Flores dioici: 2 in ramo innovando-prolifero terminales (ad speciem 
laterales). Bracteze foliis parum diverse, basi parvilobulate (vel 
altera non); bracteola foliolis duplo major oblonga vel ligulato- 
oblonga truncato-rotundata subretusave integerrima. 

Perianthia foliis dimidio longiora obcordato-triangularia, angulis apicis 
rotundatis, rostello brevi in sinu, valde compressa, postice late con- 
vexo-carinata, margine supra medium alata, ala 2-3 cellulas lata 
longispina, spinis utrinque 8-10 sub 5 cell. longis, subulatis seepe 
hamatis. 


Plauta pulchella, est quasi L. uwnulata nana, ab illa tamen distinctis- 


ODONTO-LEJEUNEA. 149 


sima. Odonto-L. hapalochroa certe distat statura minore, textura tener- 
rima; foliis lobulo majusculo auctis paucidentatis; perianthiis truncatis, 
utraque ala solum 3-spinosa. 


6. OponTO-LEJEUNEA HAPALOCHROA, Spruce. 
Hab. Andes Peruvianos, in M. Guayrapurina, supra filices, alt. 900™, 


F'1-0x°8, lob °3, ¢ sh—sty 5 f'* °85 x 35; br “755 per 11x °9™™ (spinis in- 
clusis). 

Pusilla pallida tenerrima, Caules vix ~ poll. longi parce divergenti- 
ramosi. 

Folia magna pellucida contigua vel subimbricata, late semiovato-oblone» 
rotundata, supra medium angulato-dentata, dentibus paucis (sub 5) 
dissitis, basi postica recte complicata; lobulus lobo ter brevior 
angustus incurvus inflatusve, apice triangulari obtuso; cellule 
mediocres zquilaterse leptodermes, inferiores sensim majores. 

Foliola foliis triplo fere breviora distantia suborbiculata integerrima, 
basin versus haustorium radicellarum disciforme gerentia. 

Flores dioici: ? terminales, cum innovatione. Bracteze appresse foliis 
minores semiobovate apice denticulatz, lobulo 0; bracteola obovato- 
rotunda. 

Perianthia f. caulina parum excedentia cuneata truncata retusulave brevi- 
rostria valde compressa, antice subplana, postice carinata, margine 
supra medium alata, ala utrinque 3-spinosa vel potius 3-laciniata. 


7. OponTo-LEJEUNEA SURINAMENSIS, Mont. 
Ann. Sc. Nat. XV., 110; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 329. 


Hab. F\. Bombonasa, in filice et palmarum pinnis necnon in saxis irri- 
guis; Fl. Uaupés, in Marantacee folio. In Surinamo lesit Sprirz- 
GERBER. 

F 6x °43, 5x35, 4x°B, lob 125—l, ¢ gk; ft 2x 25, 15x 25; br 4; 
i 3D x “25.: per °6 x “35™™, 

Pusilla albescens. Caules {-pollicares repentes crebre pinnati et subbi- 
pinnati, ramis assurgenti-arcuatis. 

Folia imbricata semicordato-ovata dimidiata, apice decurvo oblique ab- 
rupte acuta, margine antico rotundato toto, postico subrecto solum 
apicem versus muricato-serrulata, prope basin involuto-complicata ; 
lobulus 4-plo brevior subhorizontalis ovatus inflatus exciso-acutus ; 
cellule parvee pellucidee eequilateree, inferiores laxiores, subapicales 
multo minores et conico-subprominule, 

Foliola subdissita, foliis triplo minora, squarroso-recuryva, orbiculato-reni- 
formia integerrima, basi discum radicellarum magnum ferentia, apice 
rotundata (nec retusa). 

Flores dioici: 2 in ramo terminales, innovatione suffulti. Bractes foliis 
breviores semiobovato-lanceolate acutze, Iobulo 4~5-plo breviore 
angusto; bracteola obovato-rotunda interdum retusula. 

Perianthia f. caulinis eequilonga, anguste obcordato-obconica, valde eom- 
pressa, antice subdepressa, postice late obtuse carinata, auriculis 
apicis profunde emarginati subrotundis complanatis margine spinu- 
losis vel subinermibus, rostello e sinu brevissimo, 

Andrecia longispica, ramulum totum vel saltem ejus majorem partem 


150 OpDONTO-LEJEUNEA. 


tenentia. Bracteze plurijuge, contigue vel subdissite, foliis 4-plo 
breviores subrotundo-inflate carinate apice breviter subinzequaliter 
bilobe, diandree. 

Colore albo, foliis minoribus acutis crebre denticulatis, areolatione 
longe densiore, etc. etc., a L. hapalochroa longe distat. 

Folia caulina aliquando paucidentata, fere integerrima; ramea contra 
arcte muricato-serrulata.—Carinee perianthii postica revera due sunt, 
basi late dissitee, superne sensim conniventes et in sinum apicis obcor- 
dati confluentes, ita ut carinam unicam latam sistere viderentur. 

Ad saxa fl. Bombonasa irrigata advenit forma robusta dense depresso- 

cxspitosa, longe simplicior; foliis magis elongatis interdum subobtusis ; 
ceeterum cum ‘ty po congruit. 


8. OpontTO-LEJEUNEA STACHYCLADA, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylva Amazonica secus fluvios Negro, Uaupés, Aripecuré, ete., in 
arborum palmarumque foliis preecipueque in filicibus; juxta Mandos 
in cortice. 

F 5x ‘33, lob O75—'1, ¢ 35; f'@ *1 x15; br 45 K-25; br’ °35 x 35 ; per 6 
x “4, °5 x °4mm, 

Pusilla rufo-badia laxe repens. Caules 4-}-pollicares vage vel pinnatim 
ramosi, aliis ramis brevibus, aliis elongatis parvi-confertifoliis spicam 
mentientibus. 

Folia caulina subcontigua fere planissima semicordato-ovato-oblonga, vel 
sublanceolata, acuta, rarius acuminulata obtusave, margine preecipue 
antico distanter denticulata serrulatave, inferiora subintegerrima, 
badio-marginata, recte complicata—interdum ad plicee apicem in 
dentem ad speciem protracta; lobulus minutus folio 5-7-plo brevior 
subovatus subinflatus; cellule mediocres pellucidee, ambitu late 
opacee, marginales subprominule opaciores. Folia ramorum elonga- 
torum spiceeformium minora conferta ovato-lanceolata argutius den- 
ticulata. 

Foliola foliis 3-5-plo breviora, reniformia subquadratave, rotundato- 
truncata retusulave, rarius obcordata. 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales, innovatione brevi suffulti. Bracteze foliis 
subminores ovales vel ovali-lancealatz acutze, vel serrulate vel grosse 
pauciserratee, altera elobulata, altera (innovationi adnata) lobulata 
ad basin fere fissa, lobulo triplo minore lanceolato; bracteola subob- 
cordato-orbiculata concava integerrima. 

Perianthia subemersa, cuneata vel obtriangularia, apice lato truncata, 
margine supra medium paucispinulosa vel haud raro subinermia. 

Andrecia brevispica, vel ramulum cauligenum sistentia, vel in ramo ter- 
minalia; bracteze sub 5—jugze contignee compresso- -subglobose. 

Obs. Lobulus foliorum variabilis aliorum ramorum interdum folio 
solum 4-plo brevior. 


9. ODONTO-LEJEUNEA TRUNCATULA, Spruce. 


Hab. In Andium Quitensium radicibus, alt. circiter 1200™.: Mapéto, in 
sylva Canelos, ad arbores inter muscos (¢); Chimborazo, in filice (? ), 
sociis Odonto-L. surinamenst ae Lejewnets. 

F ‘65 x ‘4, ‘6 x °45; lob ‘30-25; ¢ 7y—7ay; f' 28x '35; br 65; br'4 35 x °4; 
per -75'% "6; <6 x60: 

Pusilla dense caspitosa rufo-badia. Caules semipollicares basi fasciculato-, 


OpDONTO-LEJEUNEA. 151 


ramosi, dein assurgentes subpinnati, ramis brevibus paucifoliis apice 
circinato-decurvis. 

Folia subimbricata patula decurvo-faleata semiovata vel semiovato- 
lanceolata, subacinaciformia, abrupte acuta acuminulatave, margine 
antico toto argute muricato-serrulata, postico, apice serrulato excepto, 
integerrima, infra medium sinuato-lobulata; lobulus 2-3-plo brevior, 
in situ anguste convolutus, subcylindricus fusiformisve, explanatus 
autem subrotundus, integerrimus; cellule parvule pellucidee, pariete 
ad angulos incrassato, inferiores submajores. 

Foliola plus duplo breviora, squarroso-recurva, subquadrata (paulo latiora 
quam longa) apice lato emarginato-truncata, angulis sinuque (per- 
brevi) pro more acutis, basi rotundata, margine integerrima ; superiora 
autem, florem ? versus increscentia, denticulata vel subspinulosa, 
suprema (i.e. bracteola) fere semper integerrima, 

Flores dioici: @ terminales, innovatione suffulti. Bractezee muricato- 
spinulosz, inzequilonge, altera libera foliis zequalis oblique obovato- 
lanceolata acuta, lobulo minuto lineari-rhomboideo aucta, altera 
duplo brevior lanceolata elobulata innovationi adnata; bracteola 
suborbiculata cochleato-concava repanda integerrima. 

Perianthia obcordato-spathulata, sinu apicali profundissimo, valde com- 
pressa, postice parum convexa, opaca, margine subincrassato in- 
tegerrima. 

Andreecia (juniora) apicalia, plerumque brevispica; bractez laxiuscule, 
subineequilobee, lobulo subacuto. 


Cum L. Surinamensi intricata crescit, difficile extricanda, facilius dis- 
tinguenda: colore badio; caule minus ramoso; ramis validioribus; foliis 
crebrius setuloso-ciliatis; foliolis squarrosis semper emarginatis, superiori- 
bus denticulatis; perianthiis apice inermibus, nec subspinulosis.—L. con- 
vecistipa, Gotts., differt foliis acuminatis, foliolis rotundis, perianthiis 
apice denticulatis.—L. truncatula L. peruviane e longinquo atfinis ! 


10. OponTo-LEJEUNEA PERuVIANA, L. et Ldbg. 
Nov. et minus cogn. stirp. Pug. v. (1833) 18; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 339. 


Hab. Per totam sylvam Amazonicam, ad arborum precipue palmarum 
folia, frequens ; in Andium radicibus orientalibus vix supra 600, 
alt. ascendit. 


F caulina 1°4x ‘8, ramea 1:0 x °65, “75x °6; lob 4-45; ¢ 3h; fl 5x 65, 
ena, One 75 <5: bri “6 x 35, per 95x -7, “9x -8E™. 

Elata rufo-badia late arcte repens. Caules 1-2-pollicares subbipinnati, 
ramis crebris pro more brevibus, validi, strato corticali cellulis 
magnis ovali-cylindricis 7-seriatis, stratis internis duobus e cellulis 
2-3-plo angustioribus elongatis, constantes. 

Folia subimbricata subfalcata semiovata—interdum basi semicordata apice 
decurvo rotundata vel oblique subacuta, margine antico apiceque 
spinuloso-denticulata (caulina obsolete, ramea argutius, insuperque 
margine celluloso-muriculata), postico integerrima incurvula infraque 
medium sinuato-complicata, ad sinum spe in dentem ad speciem 
devexa; lobulus subtriplo minor transversus ovato-trapezoideus in- 
flato-saccatus apice in folium sensim transiens; cellule mediocres 
equilaterzee pellucidee, marginem anticum apicemque versus multo 
minores, pauce supra basin sat majores interdum in ocellum 
aggregate. 


152 OpontTO-LEJEUNEA. 


Foliola caulina remota foliis fere 5-plo minora orbiculata denticulata, 
apice ad 3-} emarginato-bifida, raro integra; ramea multo majora, 
superiora folio adjecto sepe perpaulo minora, argutius denticulata 
fere ad 4 bifida; ommia ex alis recurvis cochleata, haustorium dis- 
coideum parvum pallidum gerentia. 

Flores dioici: 9 in ramo spe brevi terminales, innovatione simplice 
suffulti. Bracteze foliis multo minores lanceolate serrulatz basi 
breviter complicate, lobulo lineari-rhomboideo; bracteola ovalis sub- 
bifida integrave denticulata (in fl. sterili ad $ bifida.) 

Perianthia emersa obcordato-triangularia valde compressa, supra depressa 
subtus convexo-carinata vel solum gibba, margine supra medium 
peranguste alata serrulataque. 

Andreecia longispica ramulo tenui constantia; bracteee minute subcon- 


tiguie arcte complicate solum basi ventricose. 
Foliorum lobulus medio seepe in literee S formam sinuatus, 

Var. megalostipa, rufa planissima siccando hand crispata, foliolis (superiori- 
bus preecipue) foliis paulo minoribus ad 4 bifidis.—Hab, ad fl. Bom- 
bonasa et Uaupés. 

Ad eandem speciem pertinere videntur DL. foliorwm, Nees in Syn. Hep. 

326, et L. Chitonia, Tayl. in L. et L. op. supra cit. Pug. vill. (Syn. Hep. 

339) 


Supgenus XVITI.—PRIONO-LEJEUNEA, S. 


Plante pusilla, seepe albicantes, prostratie v. laxe reptantes. Caules vage 
v. subpinnatim ramosi, ramis pro more paucis. 

Folia parva parum imbricata decurvula sepissime acuta acuminatave, e 
cellulis marginalibus conicis crenwlata serrulatave, interdum facie 
muriculata; lobulus 2-6-plo minor inflatus, rarius obsoletus; cellule 
gy—sip™™, plerumque parvule, pellucide, pariete ad angulos subin- 

crassato, marginales (raro omnes fere) conice, subbasales seepe multo 
majores. 

Foliola parva minutave subrotunda fere semper integerrima, in pluribus 
adusque (in paucis ultra) medium bifida; radicella fasciatae peni- 
cillateeve—nunquam in discum radiantes. 

Flores in plurimis monoici, in paucis dioici, Rami 9 in aliis sp. brevis- 
simii simplices, in aliisinnovantes. Bractez foliis plerumque minores 
parvilobulatee, argutius denticulate spinuloseeve; bracteola bifida. 

Perianthia iis Odonto-Lejeunee sat similia, sc. obcordata compressa postice 
obtuse l-carinata, rarius tamen alata, plerumque margine solum 
muricato-spinulosa. 

Andreecia ramulo tenui cauligeno constantia, raro terminalia; bractes 
parvulee 2—20-jugee diandre. 


Obs. Odonto-L. Peruviana nexum cum Priono-Lejeunea preebet, differt 
autem statura elatiore; foliis magnis seepe argute dentatis; foliolis den- 
tatis, aliis bilobis, aliis solum emarginatis v, etiam (sed rarissime) in- 
tegris. 

Hab. In arborum foliis, ramis truncisque, sepe supra alias hepaticas 
repentes; planitiem et montes humiliores diligentes, 


PRIONO-LEJEUNEA. 153 


Distr. Species 16 vel plures cognovimus, omnes mere tropico-Ameri- 


canas (nisi LZ. microdonta G. etiam in insula Hawaii inventa), in insulis 
Antillis, Venezuela, Guiana et Amazonia frequentiores, in Brasilive Peru- 
vieeque austrinis (ut videtur) rariores. Ipse in sylva Amazonica et in 


Andibus orientalibus—vix supra 1200™ ascendentes 


— 


bo 


10 species legi. 


A. Rami Q brevissimi simplicissimi. 


a. Llores dioict. 


. Priono-L. fabroniefolia, Elongata parum ramosa flavescens. F. sub- 


contigua planiuscula ovata tenuicuspidata margine toto argute 
muricato-spinulosa, seepius elobulata. Foliola 4-plo minora bipar- 
tita, laciniis ovato-lanceolatis acuminulatis. Br. foliis minores 
acuminate spinulosve; bracteola lanceolata ultra 4 bifida, segmentis 
acuminatis, subserrulata. Per. obcordato-cuneata compressa, postice 
l-carinata, margine tenui superne muricato-denticulata. 


. Priono-L. muricato-serrulata. Pusilla, caule filiformi paucirameo. F. 


dissita lanceolata subacuta muricato-serrulata, lobulo mediocri inflatu 
nullove. Foliola 6-plo breviora profunde bifida, segmentis acutis. 
Br. foliis sublongiores acutilobze ; bracteola ad $ bifida obovato- 
lanceolata. 

aa. Flores monoice. 


3. Priono-L. recurvula. Pusilla flava laxe ramosa. F. contigua semi- 


ovato-lanceolata apice decurvo tortili acuminulata, margine recurvulo 
argute muricato-serrulata, facie levia, sinuato-complicata, lobulo 
3-plo breviore inflato. Foliola f. 3-plo breviora oblongo-rotunda ad 
4 bifida, segmentis acuminulatis. Br. foliis equales muricato-serru- 
late, lobo falcato-lanceolato subacuminato; bracteola cuneato-lanceo- 
lata ad } bifida. Per. emersa cuneata compresso-plana apice lato 
retuso muricato-spinulosa. Andr. brevispica. 


. Priono-L. denticulata. Submajor pallide flavescens inzequaliter sub- 


bipinnata. F. subimbricata decurva semicordato-ovata acuminulata 
muricato-denticulata apiceque subserrulata valde sinuato-complicata, 
lobulo 5-plo breviore inflato. Foliola 2-4-ple breviora suborbiculata 
ultra 3 bifida segmentis subacuminatis. Br. f. minores acute muri- 
cato-serrulate; bracteola obovato-lanceolata ad 4 bifida serrulata. 
Per. foliis caulinis sublongiora obcordato-spatulata valde compressa 
postice convexo- (raro acute) carinata, profunde emarginata, margine 
superne muriculato-dentata v. subspinulosa. Andr. siepe longi- 
spica. 


5. Priono-L. temnantha. Pusilla albida subfasciculatim ramosa, ramis 


arcuantibus. F. subimbricata fornicata late oblique] ovata acuta 
argute muricato-serrulata, lobulo 3-plo breviore. Foliola 4—6-plo 
breviora subrotunda ultra 4 bifida, segmentis acutis. Br. foliis sub- 
longiores iis L. recurvule fere conformes. Per f. fere 2-plo longiora 
cuneata recte truncata subretusave, margine superne muricata 
setulosave, postice altius carinata. Andr. brevispica, 


B. Rami Q semel v. iteratim innovando-elongati. 


b. Flores monotct. 


6. Priono-L. microdonta. Pallide viridis vage subpinnata. F. sub- 


imbricata decurva, interdum subfaleata, oblique ovata rotundata raro 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. U 


154 PRIONO-LEJEUNEA. 


subacuta, levia v. apicem versus muriculata, celluloso-crenulata- 
serrulatave, ocellata, subsinuato-complicata, lobulo 4-plo breviore 
inflato. Foliola sub 5-plo minora ovali-rotunda ad $ bifida. Br. f. 
minores serrulate profunde bilobee, lobo semilanceolato obtuso; 
bracteola obovato-lanceolata brevissime bifida. Per. f. sublongiora, 
cuneata retusa v. obcordata, postice convexo-carinata, margine superne 
muriculata. Andr. sepius brevispica. 
Priono-L. macrocardia. Priori proxima. F. parva planiuscula semi- 
ovato-rotunda subacuta rotundatave margine muriculata facie levia, 
exocellata, sinuato-complicata, lobulo turgido. Foliola 5-plo minora 
orbiculata ad } bifida. Br. iis prioris subconformes. Per. magna 
foliis fere 3- plo longiora cuneata apice profundiuscule emarginata, 
margine supra medium spinulosa. Andr. brevispica. 
8. Priono-L. leptocardia. Pusilla pallida pellucida tenera subpinnata. 
F. magna planiuscula fere semicircularia subacuta rotundatave, 
facie fere tota margineque argute celluloso-muriculata, recte compli- 
cata, lobulo majus sculo y. obsoleto. Foliola 4- plo minora subrotunda 
paulo ultra 3 bifida. Br. foliis minores muricato-denticulate, sub- 
elobulats; bracteola ovali-lanceolata ad 3 bifida. Per. foliis sub- 
longiora obcordato-cuneata fere complanata, margine supra medium 
ala 3-4 ¢. lata serrulata aucto. 


“J 


bb. Flores dioict. 


9. Priono-L. scaberula. Pusilla pallida pauciramosa. F. divergentia 
concava oblique ovata rotundata rarius subacuta, cellulis prominulis 
facie asperula margineque erosa serrulatave, valde sinuato-compli- 
cata, lobulo 3-plo breviore saccato, Foliola superiora } folii zquantia 
rhombeo-rotunda paulo ultra $ bifida. Br. f. sublongiores muricato- 
serrulate obovate concave parvilobulate ; bracteola obovato-rhom- 
boidea ad } bifida. 

10. Priono-L. asperrima. Minuta viridis fragilis subramosa. F, sub- 
erecta obovato-rotunda subconcava, margine toto faciebusque e 
cellulis alte acute prominulis asperrima, sinuato- complicata, lobulo 
3 f. fere equante turgido, Foliola minuta bipartita, cruribus subu- 
lato-acuminatis. Br. magne asperrime ad 3 bilobe vix complicate, 
lobo oblique obovato subacuto, lobulo parvo; bracteola ovali-ligulata 
ad 4 bifida, segmentis acutis, 


(Videas etiam Priono-L. muricato-serrulata ad 3 A.) 


1. PrioNo-LEJEUNEA FABRONIZFOLIA, Spruce. 


Hab. In M. Campana, ad saxa, sterilis; Chimborazo, in arborum foliis, cam 
aliis Lejeuneis, fertilis; alt. circiter 13 300™, viget. 


F 5x ‘35; ¢ py; f 13; br-lobus °4 x °2, 55x ‘25; br'* 35 x 15, 4x °16; 
per "75 x 5™™, 


Prostrata, flavescens. Caules subpollicares fastigiati, subsimplices v. per- 
yp aulo ramosi, tenues, flexuosi. 

Folia subcontigna, fere plana, suboblique ovata ten margine 
toto argute muricato-serrulata-spinnlosave, pleraque elobulata, lobulo 
tamen (quando presente) brevi subovato inflato; cellule parvee sub- 
wquilaterw, paucee subbasales duplo majores fere in orbem disposite. 


PrIONO-LEJEUNEA. 155 


Foliola distantia foliis 4-plo minora bipartita, laciniis subdivergentibus 
ovato-lanceolatis acuminulatis, integerrima. 

Flores dioici: 9 in ramo brevissimo terminales, foliis parvis 1-2-jugis infra 
bracteas suffulti, innovatione nulla. Bractew foliis minores ultra 
medium bifidee; lobus oblique lanceolatus acuminulatus spinuloso- 
serrulatus; lobulus rhomboideus acuminatus lobo duplo angustior; 
bracteola lanceolata, vel anguste obovato-lanceolata, ad 4 vel fere ad 
medium bifida, segmentis acuminatis, parum serrulata. 

Perianthia emersa obcordato-cuneata, compressa, margine tenui supra 
medium inzqualiter muricato-denticulata, postice altiuscule obtuse 
unicarinata. 


Folia in pl. Campanensi subduplo serrilata—L. mucronata Lac. in 
“Syn. Hepat. Javanicarum” (in mantissa ad finem), e Venezuela, nostra 
ob “folia ovata denticulata piliformi-mucronata” proxima, differt foliis 
dorso tuberculosis, foliolis denticulato-ciliatis. 


2. PRioNo-LEJEUNEA MURICATO-SERRULATA, Spruce. 


Hab. In cortice vetusto, supra alias Lejewneas repens, ad fluvium Ramos 
flumini Amazonum tributarium, etiam ad Tauaé prope Para. 


F 3x15, lob -08, ¢ gy; fi 05; br -4; br 35 x -15™™, 


Pusilla pallide rufula prostrata; caules pollicares filiformes parce vage 
ramosi. 

Folia dissita erecto-patentia oblique lanceolata—interdum anguste ovalia 
obovatave—abrupte acuta, rarius obtusa, toto margine muricato- 
serrulata ; lobulus 4-plo brevior—aliorum ramorum solum 2-plo 
brevior, aliorum obsoletus—subovatus, basi turgidus, margine inflexo 
subtransverso, apice acuto; cellule minutule subelongatze, pellucide, 
ambitu subopace, pariete incrassato, planes convexwve, subapicales 
tamen marginalesque alte conico-prominule. 

Foliola distantia minuta, foliis 6-plo minora, subrotunda, profunde bifida, 
sinu lato sepe lunulari, segmentis lato-subulatis acutis. 

Flores dioici: ? in ramo brevissimo, folio singulo parvo folioloque infra 
bracteas stipato, terminales, innovatione nulla, vel rarissime brevi 
simplice, suffulti. Braztez folia subexcedentes complicato-bilobe, 
lobis lanceolatis acutis, inferiore duplo minore; bracteola obovato- 
lanceolata, ad 3 bifida, rima angusta, segmentis acutis. 

Obs. This very distinct species affords the only example I have met 
with of a normally determinate short female axis becoming occasionally 


(but very rarely) indeterminate, by putting forth an innovation beneath 
the flower, I did not succeed in finding perianths nor male plants. 


3. PRioNo-LEJEUNEA RECURVULA, Spruce. 

Hab. In fl. Negro sylvis juxta S. Gabriel, in cortice. 

F -4x°3, lob "13, ¢ fy: f™ °125x°'1; br 4; br’* 35 x °15; per “6 x °5™™, 

Pusilla, flava, subrufescens, prostrata; caules centimetrum longi, laxe 
ramosi. 

Folia contigua, falcato-subdivergentia, semiovato-lanceolata, apice decurvo 
tortili acuminulata cuspidatave, margine anguste recurvula, iInequa- 
liter muricato-serrulata, raro hie illic spinulosa, a basi ad 4 alt. cum 
lobulo connata, carina convexa obtusa, ad lobuli apicem valde sinuata ; 


156 PRIONO-LEJEUNEA. 


lobulus 3-plo minor ovatus inflatus exciso-acutus; cellule parvule 
(inferiores majores), valide incrassate, pellucidee, annulo chlorophylli 
angusto, marginales conice, ceeteree planze. 

Foliola distantia triplo minora oblongo- rotunda ad medium acute bifida, 
segmentis acuminulatis. 

Flores monoici: @ ramulo perbrevi constantes, innovatione nulla. 
Bracteze 1-jugie foliis eequales faleato-lanceolatee subacuminatee muri- 
cato-serrulatee, lobulo duplo minore angusto lineari-rhomboideo 
acuto; bracteola cuneato-lanceolata ad 4 acute bifida, serrulata. 

Perianthia emersa cuneata v. obtriangularia, retusa, subobcordata (obscure 
rostellata) conipressa, margine complanata, apice lato muricato- 
spinulosa. 

Amenta ¢ folium caulinum vix zequantia; bracteze paryule 2-6-juge. 


Species pulchra distinctissima, colore rufulo, foliis minoribus angusti- 
oribus acumine longiore tortili, margine toto recurvulo, argutius muricato- 
spinulosis, lobulo majore ; foliolis angustioribus ;_ perl nanthiis demum 
magis spinulosis. 


4, PrioNo-LEJEUNEA DENTICULATA, Web. 
Jung. denticulata Web. Prodr. 30; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 337. 


Hab. In sylvis fi. Negro, Uaupés, Casiquiart, etc. frequens, in cortice 
ramulisque, rarius in foliis vivis, semper fere super alias Lejeuneas 
vel Plagiochilas parasitans; ad pedem occidentalem montis Chimbo- 
razo, alt. 1000". In insulis Antillanis sat frequens videtur. 


F *65 x “45, °5 x 38, lob “1-15; ¢ Dy 3 f* “3x 3, 25x 26, 15 xb aemeoos 
mer 6D xX Gem. 


Mediocris, pallida, subflavida, tenuis. Caules pollicares filiformes flexuosi 
ineequaliter pinnati et subbipinnati, arcte repentes, intricati, ramis 
elongatis seepe subliberis arcuantibus. Radicellze vel fasciatee vel in 
haustorium scopreforme patentes, apice nodoso-ramosze. 

Folia parum (ad } lat.) imbricata, decurva, raro subplana, semicordato- 
ovata subi rbrupte brevi-acuminulata acuta, apicem versus erosula v. 
subserrulata, margine toto e cellulis prominulis muricato-denticulata, 
valide sinuato-complicata, supra sinum divergentia; lobulus folio 
sub 5-plo brevior ovatus inflatus, apice brevi incurvo, raro obsoletus; 
cellule parvee subsaequales, solum inferiores sensim majores, mar- 
cinales conicee, ceeterae convexe v. fere plane, omnes pariete ad 
angulos incrassato. 

Foliola dissita, foliis 2-4-plo minora, suborbiculata, ultra 4 acute bifida, 
segmentis acutis subacuminatisve, integerrima. 

Flores monoici: 9 in ramo brevissimo, foliis parvis unijugis nullisve, 
folioloque unico infra florem stipato, terminales. Bracteze foliis sat 
minores, complicato-bilobe, lobo oblongo acuto, lobulo longe minore 
rhomboideo; bracteola tenuis obovato-lanceolata ad 4 acute bifida; 
omnes margine muriculatee apiceque interdum serrulate. 

Perianthia f. caulinis sublongiora obcordato-cuneata-spathulatave, valde 
compressa, antice depressa postice convexo-carinata, apice profunde 
emarginata brevi-rostellata, margine supra medium sparse muricu- 
lato-dentata, interdum dente longiore hic illic interposito subspinu- 
losa, carina postica leevi rarissime aspera. 

Andrucia tenui ramulo constantia; bracteee 4-12-jugee foliis plus duplo 


PRIONO-LEJEUNFA. 157 


. 


minores confertee ovoideo-cymbiformes subinequilobe, ad carinam 
obtusam pellucide tubercnlose, diandree. 


Var. subintegerrima: tenuis laxifolia; foliis seepe elobulatis, e cellulis 
obtusioribus margine solum crenulatis vel integerrimis; perianthiis 
apice minus conspicue emarginatis. 


L. decora Tayl. ! in hb. Hook., ex insula Dominica, vix differt nisi 
bracteis spinulosis, perianthiisque superne pauci-longispinis. 


5. PRIoNO-LEJEUNEA TEMNANTHA, Spruce. 
Hab. M. Guayrapurina, in cortice vetusto, cum Lophocolea muricata, 


F 35 x -25, lob 13, c ay; f 08x 08, 06x06; br lob 5x °25: br’ -4x 
per GO xa 


Pusilla, albida, dein rufescens. Caules 6° longi, subfasciculatim ramosi, 
ramique spe arcuati. 

Folia subimbricata fornicato-decurva, basi ad lobuli altitudem usque 
insigniter constricta, deinde abrupte antice dilatata, late oblique 
ovata (subdimidiata), sensim abrupteve acuta, margine toto, basi 
constricta excepta, e cellulis prominulis argute muriculata; lobulus 
triplo fere brevior; cellule parvulz subconformes subincrassate 
pellucidz, marginales superioresque conico-prominule. 

Foliola distantia 4—6-plo breviora, subrotunda, paulo ultra medium bifida, 
segmentis acutis. 

Flores monoici; 2 ramulo brevi, sine ulla innovatione, constantes. 
Bractez interne foliis sublongiores, profunde bifidee, subcomplicate, 
lobo faleato-lanceolato acuto muriculato-serrato, lobulo multo minore 
lineari; bracteola cuneato-lanceolata ad 4 bifida, segmentis acutis, 
serrulata. 

Perianthia f. caulina fere 2-plo excedentia viridia rufave cuneata, apice 
fere recte truncata, v. subretusa, raro subobcordata, erostria, margine 
supra medium muricata setulosave, facie postica alte obtuse unica- 
rinata. Calyptra paulo minor tenuis apice inequaliter 4-fida. 

Andreecia ramulo folium axillare sublongiore constantia; bracteze medi- 
ocres sub 4-jugze. 


Statura humiliore, foliis solum acutis, margine muriculatis—nec 
acuminatis subserratis ; foliolis duplo minoribus ; perianthiisque angus- 
tioribus, haud apice profunde emarginato-bilobis, a L. denticulata certe 
differt. 


6. Priono-LEJEUNEA MICRODONTA, Gottsche. 
in Syn. Hep. 337. 

Hab. In sylvis flum. Amazonum primum legit cel. Martius ; ipse ad 
fl. Negro superiorem in filicibus (in T’richomane elegante et trichoideo 
preecipue), ad fl. Uaupés in formicarnm nidis, prope Pard supra alias 
hepaticas in truncis prostratis repentem. Fide cl. auctorum “Syn. 
Hepat.” etiam insule §. Vincentis et Hawaii incola est. 


F ‘6x °5, °5 x °42, lob 15-125, c. medie 34, marginales J;; f'* 125-1; 
br °55; br’* 4x ‘25; per “8x ‘5; amenta g1°3, br g 08™™, 

Pallide viridis prostrata intricata. Caules 1-1}-pollicares teneri yage 
vel subpinnatim ramosi. 


158 PRIONO-LEJEUNEA. 


Folia subimbricata patulo-decurva, seepius divergentia, interdum falcata, 
oblique vel subsemi-ovata rotundata, rarius apice triangulari obtusa 
subacutave, basi ipsa angusta, dein antice abrupte truncato-dilatata 
(sed non semicordata) subsinuato-complicata, margine e cellulis pro- 
minulis serrulato crenulatove; lobulus folio 4-plo brevior ovatus vel 
semiovatus inflatus, margine inflexo horizontali, apice acuto; cel- 
lulke mediocres hexagonée, marginales duplo minores quadratze et 
conico-prominule, basales 5-8 (in seriebus duabus) ceteris multo 
majores elongate pellucidee ocellum sistentes. 

Foliola foliis 4-plo minora ovali-rotunda ad 4 bifida, sinu segmentisque 
subacutis. 

Flores monoici: Q in ramo perbrevi terminales, innovatione—sepe , 
raro @—suffulti. Bracteze foliis minores ad 4 bilobee, lobo semi- 
obovato-lanceolato obtuso, lobulo angusto rhomboideo vel subrec- 
taneulari; bracteola obovato-lanceolata brevissime (ad 1) bifida, seg- 
mentis contiguis acutis. 

Perianthia altiuscule emersa, obcordato-cuneata, e smu parum profundo 
brevissime rostellata, compressa, antice subplana, postice late con- 
vexo-carinata, margine complanato supra medium apiceque Imeequa- 
liter celluloso-serrulata-crenulata-erosulave, demum bilabiata. 

Amenta ¢ vel ramulo tenui folium caulinum superante constantia, vel 
in ramis terminalia; bractese 3-7-jugee minute laxiuscule. 


Species valde variabilis, foliis nune margine fere levissimis, nunc ser- 
rulatis erenulatisve, basin versus distincte (vel vix) ocellatis; perianthiis 
margine vel argute vel obsolete muricato-serrulatis, rarius setosis vel 
subspinulosis. 

Ad S. Carlos, in Trichomane sp., legi formam foliis argutius serrulatis 
indistincte ocellatis; perianthiis subrecte truncatis, vix retusis—minime 
obcordatis, superne argute crebre muricato-serrulatis, muricibus cellula 
unica elongate cenica subulatave constantibus, raro 2 v. 3 cell. longis; 
andreeciis longispicis (bracteis 6—10-jugis). 

Altera forma ad S. Carlos, supra muscos repens, folia habuit rufa, facie 
superiore plus minus celluloso-muriculata ; perianthia apice subobcordato 
crebre spinulosa. 


7. Priono-LEJEUNEA MACROCARDIA, Spruce. 


Hab. In M. Campana, Andiam Peruvize, in cortice vetusto. 


F -35 x °3, lob 13, c A—A;; br -2; per 1:0 x 5™™. 


55 50 

Pusilla pallida dein fuscidula, L. micredonte et leptocardie valde affinis, 
sed differt: foliis multo mimoribus, latioribus, semiovato-rotundis, 
basi dilatatis subsemicordatis, apice abrupte acutis obtusisve raro 
rotundatis, obliquis (margine postico tamen rotundato, nee subrecto 
vel concavo ac in illis), subplanis celluloso-serrulatis, ad lobuli tur- 
gidi subsaccati apicem magis sinuatis; cellule, marginalibus conicis 
exceptis, subplanze, incrassate, 

Foliola minuta, foliis 5-plo mimora, caule vix latiora, orbiculata, ad 3 
bifida. 

Flores monoici: 9 in ramulo brevissimo terminales, innovatione (seepe 
¢@) suffulti. Bractese parvee profunde bilebee, lobo faleato semiovali 
muricato-denticulato, lobulo parvo lineari; bracteola obovato-lanceo- 
lata ad 4 fere bifida, 


PRIONO-LEJEUNEA. 159 


Perianthia pro plantula magna, foliis fere triplo longiora, anguste obcor- 
dato-cuneata, apice profundiuscule emarginata brevirostria, margine 
supra medium inzqualiter spinulosa, spinulis 3-4 cell. longis basi 
1-3 cell. latis, antice subplana, postice obtuse unicarinata con- 
vexave, 

Andreecia rami apicem—raro totum—tenentia; bracteze 4-6 juge. 


L. leptocardia folia habet duplo longiora, pro ratione angustiora, facie 
insigniter muriculata ; foliola duplo majora ovali-rotunda; perianthia 
tamen breviora foliis caulinis perpaulo longiora, distincte alata, minus 
profunde emarginata—Anne pro L. microdonte varietate habenda L. 
macrocardia 2? Statura minor, foliola minuta, preecipue autem perianthia 
magna distincte obcordata margine valide spinulosa vetant. 


8. PRIONO-LEJEUNEA LEPTOCARDIA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos, in M. Guayrapurina, supra filices, in M. Cam- 
pana ad cortices; in M. Chimborazo in tilice, cum aliis Priono- 
Lejeuneis implexa. 


F -65 x ‘50, lob -2, c Ay; ff °15x°'15; br 5-6; br’ -4 x -25, ‘3x18; per 
"7x5, BX .55mm, 


Pusilla pallida tenera pellucida, Caules j-pollicares prostrati pinnatim 
subramosi. 

Folia pro plantula magna subimbricata, late semiovata, fere semicircularia, 
abrupte acuta, obtusa, rotundatave, a basi constricta sublongitudinali 
antice valde dilatata, utraque facie (basin versus except4) margineque 
toto (basi postica excepta) argute celluloso-muriculata, infra medium 
recte complicata, plica subhorizontali; lobulus 3-plo minor semi- 
ovatus inflatus, apice occulto, interdum obsoletus; cellule parvule 
subequilaterze conico-prominul, basin versus tamen longiores sub- 
plane. 

Foliola foliis 4-plo minora, caule parum latiora, ovali-rotunda, ad vel 
paulo ultra medium bifida, subintegerrima. 

Flores monoici; @ in ramo perbrevi longioreve terminales, innovatione 
sepe ¢ vel 9—raro neutra—suffulti. Bracteze foliis minores ob- 
lique anguste spathulate obtusze muricato-denticulate, elobulatee 
vel altera parvilobulata; bracteola brevior ovali-lanceolata, ad medium 
bifida, rima angusta, segmentis acutatis. 

Perianthia altiuscule emersa anguste obcordato-cuneata, valde compressa, 
postice obscure unicarinata, supra medium ala pellucida 3-4 cell. 
lata serrulata crenulatave utrinque marginata, exindeque ad speciem 
spathulata. 

Andreecia brevia vel subelongata, ramulum totum sgepius tenentia; brac- 
teze sub 6-jugee—raro longe numerosiores usque ad 20-jugee. 


Ab hae certe differt L. microdonta foliis levibus sinuato-complicatis, 
lobulo subbreviore turgidiore; bracteis distincte labulatis; bracteola solum 
ad 3-4 bifida; perianthio postice altius carinato, apice parum emarginato, 
margine solum muriculato spinulosove (nec alato). 


9. PRioNo-LEJEUNEA? SCABERULA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad. fl. Negro juxta Marabitanas (pl. 2), fl. Uaupés ad Panuré 
(pl. ¢); in cortice vivo, aliis Lejeuneis immixta. 


160 PrRIONO-LEJEUNEA. 


F -4x-35, lob 125; ¢ py—de; fis 2°15, “15 x°15;. br “bs br ox 
95mm, 

Pusilla pallida prostrata. Caules }-}-pollicares tenues flexuosi pauci- 
Tame, 

Folia parum imbricata ad insertionem insigniter constricta (quasi-stipi- 
tata), ad Jobuli carinam semierecta, dein abrupte divergentia, decurvo- 
concava oblique late ovata, rotundata, obtusa, vel abrupte subacuta, 
celluloso-erosa-serrulatave, facie externa asperula, infra medium valde 
sinuato-complicata—margine supra sinum valde rotundato; lobulus 
folio 3-plo fere brevior, saccatus oblique ovatus, margine involuto; 
cellule parvule guttulate, pariete incrassato, nisi pro annulo chloro- 
phylli angusto pellucida, marginales superioresque acute, cater 
obtuse conico-prominule. 

Foliola inferiora dissita, superiora contigua increscentia, foliis duplo 
breviora, rhombeo-rotunda, paulo ultra } acute bifida, segmentis 
acutis. 

Flores dioici: 2 in caule ramove innovando-prolifero terminales. Bractece 
foliis sublongiores, suberectee obovate concavee, basi lobulo parvo 
lineari auctee; bracteola obovato-rhomboidea, ad } bifida, segmentis 
acutis, margine supero angulato: omnes muricato-serrulate. Peri- 
anthia ... . 

Andreecia ramulo duplum folium caulinum equante crasse julaceo con- 
stantia; bracteze foliis duplo minores 5—-8-jugze turgidee. 


Species dubice affinitatis, dum perianthia incognita restant, inter Priono- 
Lijeuneas, Trachy-Lejeuncas et Crossoto-Lejeuneas vacillans. 


10. Priono-LEJEUNEA? ASPERRIMA, Spruce. 


Hab. Tauat propre Pard, in trunco putrido, supra alias Lejewneas repens; 
ex aliis locis sylvee Amazonicee pauca specimina simili modo para- 
sitantia—semper foeminea steriliaque—carpsl. 


F 25°18, lob ‘1, ¢ gy 3 f'% ‘4-5 c. longa ; br 5; br'* -40--45 x -2™™., 


Minuta viridis prostrata, radicellis longis (paucis ad cujusque folioli basin) 
patentibus v. subfasciatis adfixa ; caules 4 pollicares filiformes vage 
pauciramei fragiles. 

Folia dissita subcontiguave, suberecta (axi a caule parum divergente) 
obovato-rotunda vel, ad lobuli apicem constricta, spathulata, medium 
versus profunde sinuato-complicata, subconcava, margine toto insig- 
niter muricato-serrulata, facie asperrima ; lobulus dimidium folium 
fere «equans, extus rotundatus, saccatus, late semiovatus vel fere 
hemisphericus, margine fere transverso incurvo apice occulto; celluls 
minutulz subpellucidée extus alte conico-prominule, pauce versus folii 
basin subplanee. 

Foliola minuta bipartita, cruribus conniventibus divergentibusve subu- 
lato-acuminatis, basi 2-3 cellulas latis, integerrima, levia. 

Fl. dioici: 9 terminales, innovatione suffulti. Bracteaee magne, foliis 
duplo longiores, patulee, apice incurvee, oblique obovate ovalesve, 
subacute, ad medium bifida, vix complicate, asperrima, lobulo 
parvo apice lanceolato; bracteola parum brevior ovali-ligulata ad 4 
acute bifida, segmentis acutis. 


Plautula pulcherrima, quoad foliola bicrura Drepano-Lejeuneis similis; 


(op) 
a 


PRIONO-LUEJEUNEA. 1 


guoad folia valde diversa, Priono-Lejeuneis et Trachy-Lejeuneis magis 
propingua; forsan pro subgenere proprio habenda. 


+ Prrono-LeJEUNEA SCHIMPERI, Gottsche in hb. Schimp. 


Hab. Mexico (Hb. Schimper, sine nomine collectoris). 


Depresso-ceespitosa albicans pellucida, magn. L. microdonte. Caules 
pollicares procumbentes elongati laxe pinnatim ramosi. 

Folia subimbricata tenuia tenera oblique semicordato-ovata subfalcata 
rotundata, rarius solum obtusa, decurvo-concava, e cellulis proni- 
nulis crenulata, vel caulina fere integerrima; lobulus 3-plo minor 
ovoideus turgidus; cellule majuscule, inferiores sensim majores, 
convexulz, ocello nullo. 

Feliola duplo minora rhombea ad 4 biloba, segmentis subacutis, medio 
margine utrinque interdum in dentem prominula. 

F]. dioici: 2 terminales, innovatione (seepe prolifera) suffulti. Bractez 
foliis 2-plo majores fornicatee, lobulo lobo duplo minore explicato, 
crenulate; bracteola vix brevior, foliolis subconformis. 

Perianthia emersa, obcordato-triangularia compressula incurva, subtus 
late unicarinata (e carinis 2 in unam lanceolatam confluentibus), 
margine complanato ineequaliter spinulosa setulosave. 

Andreecia cylindracea; bracteze haud conferte, majuscule, 2-andre. 


Suspcenus XIX.—CROSSOTO-LEJEUNEA, 8. 


Plante late depresso-ceespitosee parvule concinne amene-vel albido- 
virides, siccande tam forma quam colore fere immutatz. Caules sub- 
pinnati, ramis ascendentibus rectiusculis. 

Folia parum imbricata, supra plicam brevem divergentia, oblonga v. 
subovata, apice decurvo tortili acuta acuminatave celluloso-crenu- 
lata seepeque apice subdenticulata, facie subpapulosa; lobulus parvus 
inflatus, rarius obsoletus; cellule convexule interdum verruculose, 
pariete subincrassato, mediz diametro 4,—45™™. 

Foliola subsquarrose patula dissita foliis 2—(raro 3-) plo breviora cuneata 
v. suborbiculata, crenulata, ad 4—# bifida, sinu spe lato obtuso, 
segmentis acutis acuminatisve, nonnunquam utrinque medio uni- 
dentata. 

Flores monoici, ramo 2 innovando-prolifero homotropo. _Bractez folia 
subeequantes, integerrime y. seepius denticulate, complicate parvilo- 
bulatz; bracteola ovali-lanceolata ad j-} bifida, segmentis acumi- 
natis, denticulata spinulosave. 

Perianthia pyriformia subcompressa 4—5-carinata, carinis superne ald 
inciso-serrata spinulosdve fimbriatis. 

Amenta ¢ ramulo tenui cauligeno constantia, bracteis 3-6 jugis. 


Hab. In arborum truncis, tam vivis quam putrescentibus, im ramulis 
frequens, nunquam in foliis; per totam planitiem, in montibus nullibi 
visa. 


Distr. Species sub 6 nobis cognitz omnes neotropice, insulis Antillis, 
Guiana et Amazonia incole; quarum 3 (duas novas) ipse legi. L. 
Boryana Mont., antea ins. Dominica lecta, sylve Amazonice plurima 
loca habitat. 

TRANS. BOT. SOC. HDIN. VOL, XV. e 


162 CrossoTo-LEJEUNEA. 


A. Monotce. Foliola profunde (ad 3) bifida, segmentis subdivergentibus. 


1. C.-L. Boryana. F. semicordato-elliptica valide sinuato-complicata, 
lobulo 4-plo breviore turgido, cellulis papulosis minute verruculosis 
scaberula. Folola utrinque valide unidentata. Br. lobulo=}lobum. 
Per. subcompressa 5-carinata, carinis superne alatis, ala arete inciso- 
serrata-spinosave. 


2. C.-L. paucispina. F. ovato-oblonga recte complicata, lobulo parvo 
sepe obsoleto, levissima. Foliola utrinque sepius edentata. Br. 
lobulo lobo 5-plo breviore. Per. magis compressa 4 carinata, carinis 
apice peranguste alatis spinisque paucis valde deciduis armatis. 


B. Dioice. Foliola vix ad & bifida, segymentis incurvis. 


3. U.-L. torticuspis. F. oblonga subacuta, lobulo parvulo turgido. Foliola 
oblato-orbiculata. 


1. Crossoto-LEJEUNEA Boryana, Mont. 
Hab. In sylva Amazonica tota, secus fl. Negro pracipue, frequens, in 
truncis vetustis cariosisve, interdum etiam in radicibus emetsis; 
in montibus nullibi visa. In insulis Antillis. 


F 5x ‘25, lob *18, ¢ 75, basales 3; f'* 3x °3, 25x °25; br 6; brie -5x 3; 
per ‘65 x “4mm, 

Pusilla viridis vel albido-viricis, dense depresso-czespitosa. Caules 4-1- 
pollicares prostrati, subpinnatim ramosi, interdum decompositi, 
ramis assurgentibus. 

Folia laxe imbricata vel solwia contigua, fragilia, divergentia, oblique 
semicordato-elliptica, apice sinuato-decurvo tortilive acuta vel suba- 
cuminulata—inferiora interdum obtusa—celluloso-crenulata, alia 
superne obsolete denticulata, facie (ad sacculum precipue) papu- 
losa, margine postico infra medium profundissime sinuata dein com- 
plicata; lobulus folio 4-plo brevior ovatus saccato-inflatus exciso- 
acutus raro obsoletus; cellule parvule, pellucide guttulate, con- 
vexule et minute verruculosee, pariete subincrassato, marginem 
anticum versus minores, ad et infra medium duplo majores pellu- 
cidioresque. 

Foliola foliis vix duplo breviora, subdissita, squarroso-patentia, late 
cuneata, profunde (ad #) bifida, sinu lato triangulari vel lunulari, 
laciniis subangustis acuminatis, extrorsum utrinque valide 1-dentata, 
interdum subcrenulata 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo seepe brevi, innovando-elongato, raro tamen 
iterum florifero, terminales. Bractez foliis sublongiores patulze 
bilobe, lobis acuminulatis inteyerrimis vel denticulatis, antico 
lanceolato, postico subduplo minore trapezoideo vel obtriangulari ; 
bracteola appressa ovali-lanceolata ad medium fere bifida, segmen- 
tis acuminatis, denticulata vel subspinulosa. 

Perianthia subemersa, pyriformia vel obpyramidata, subecompressa, ex 
apice subretuso rostellata, 5-carinata, carinis superne late alatis, 
ala crebre spinosa vel inciso-serrata. 

Andreecia ramulo brevi, folio collaterali eequilongo, constantia; bractez 
3-5-juge, laxiuscule, foliis caulinis subduplo minores. 

Yar. concinna. Folia magis conferta, ad } lat. imbricata, siccando valide 
deeurva, magis acuminulata, margine supero haud raro dente une 


CrossoTo-LEJEUNEA. 163 


alterove majusculo aucta. Foliola subimbricata, laciniis extus 
valide unidentatis—quasi ineequaliter bilobis—margine eroso-subden- 
ticulata. Perianthia contra minus armata sunt.—Hab. Fl. Uaupés. 


2. CrossoTo-LEJEUNEA PAUCISPINA, Spruce, 


Hab. Fl. Negro, in truncis putridis ad S. Gabriel et riv. Cauapuna; in 
arborum ramulis ad fl. Bombonasa. 

F “75x °5; lob 2-08; cay; f' °3x °35, 3 x °25, 25 x 25; br. lob “6 x °25; 
br ae 253) per 1-0 x “5™™, 

Tenella viridis, interdum pallida v. subolivacea late repens. Caules 1-2- 
pollicares debiles pinnati et subbipinnati, seepe valde intricati, ramis 
inequilongis. Folia parum imbricata subplana oblique ovato-oblonga 
abrupte acuta acuminulatave rarius minute apiculata, obtusa, rotunda- 
tave, integerrima vel lenissime celluloso-crenulata apiceque eroso- 
denticulata, subrecte complicata; lobulus parvus, folio 4-10-plo 
brevior basi decurrens quadratus (sed e margine incurvo ovoideus) 
seepe subobsoletus; cellulee mediocres subzequilateree leptodermes, 
centro pellucidee, ambitu opacee, plane, marginales autem ceteris 
multo minores interdum subprominule. 

Foliola dissita, } folium vix equantia late cordato-orbiculata profunde 
(ad #) bifida, segmentis subdivergentibus acuminatis, utrinque medio 
margine 1-dentata v. seepissime integerrima. 

Flores monoici: 2 in ramo brevi, seepe iteratim prolifero (subtrifloro), 
terminales. Bractez foliis subbreviores oblique lanceolata: margine 
antico denticulate v. seepe grosse 3-dentatee, lobulo 5-plo breviore 
rhombeo lingueeformive; bracteola minor oblonga v. ovali-lanceolata 
ad 4 bifida, segmentis acuminatis. 

Perianthia foliis longiora obconico-pyriformia sat compressa, apice obcor- 
dato brevirostria, antice depressa postice bicarinata, margine carinis- 
que apice subalatis parce spinosa, spinis valde deciduis, 

Andrecia brevispica cauligena, folio breviora v. sublongiora; bractez 
3-6-jugee parvee. 

Var. rufescens : foliis omnibus distincte lobulatis; perianthiis longioribus 
subclavatis; andreeciis seepe elongatis.—Ad fl. Bombonasa. 


A L. Boryana certe differt caule longiore regulariter pinnato ; foliis 
parvilobulatis ad lobuli apicem vix sinuatis, cellulis leptodermibus; 
foliolis orbiculatis; perianthiis multo minus cristatis. 


3. Crossoro-LEJEUNEA TORTICUSPIS, Spruce, 


Hab. In fl. Negro sylvis, ad S. Gabriel, aliis hepaticis irrepens; secus riv. 
Taruma, ad arborum ramulos; pl. ? sola sterilis. 

F 65x45, 6x °4; lob “1-15; ¢ gy; fl 3x 35, 2x °3; br. lob “5mm, 

Pallida, siccando rufo-fusca, prostrata. Caules 1-2-pollicares flexuosi 
pinnatim ramosi, intexti. 

Folia subimbricata, a basi plicata patente, subdivaricata, oblique late 
oblonga ovatove-oblonga, interdum basi subsemicordata, apice de- 
curvo tortili subacuta, raro apiculata v. rotundata (ramea longiora 
acutioraque), margine fere toto celluloso-crenulata, apicem versus 
angulata v. subdenticulata; lobulus 4-6-plo brevior decurrenti-sac- 


164 CrossoTo-LEJEUNEA. 


catus turgide ovatus apice inflexo occulto; cellule parvul pellucida 
cuttulate, pariete parum incrassato, marginales obtuse v. acute pro- 
minule, ceeterzee subplane. 

Foliola dissita subsquarrosa foliis 2-3-plo breviora, oblato-orbiculata 
subcordata, apice incuryo fere ad } bifida, segmentis acutis acuminu- 
latisve, subcrenulata. 

Flores dioici: 9 in ramo terminales, innovatione suffulti. Bracteze foliis 
breviores, erecta, undulato-crispze, ad 4 complicato-bilobe, grosse 
denticulate v. subspinulosz, lobis lanceolatis subacuminatis sub- 
zquilongis, inferiore duplo angustiore ; bracteola aquilonga ovali- 
lanceolata ad 3—-} bifida, segmentis incurvo-tortilibus acuminulatis, 
denticulata. 


Forsan a L. tnvoluta G. Syn. Hep. 350, diversa, cui adsunt folia “ ovato- 
acuminata,” braetearum lobuli breviores truncati, et bracteola utrinque 
bracteis connata. Species heece dus transitum ad Strepsi-Lejeuneam et 
Harpa-Lejeuneam prebent. 


Suspcenus XX.—HARPA-LEJEUNEA, &. 


Plantee pusille pallide virides, post siccationem difficillime emollite, 
depresso-ceespitosee. Caules tenues, tenaces tamen nec facile rupti, 
arete repentes, vage v. subpinnatim ramosi, ramis seepe assurgentibus 
apice decurvis. 

Folia laxiuscula seepissime divergentia hamataque v. saltem fornicato- 
concaya (solum in L. spinulzflora subplana) oblique ovata, longiora 
quam lata, plus minus acuminata, raro obtusa rotundatave, integer- 
rima v. celluloso-crenulata serrulatave, leevia, v. cellulis (superioribus 
precipue) obtuse acuteve prominulis exasperata, lobulo majusculo 
turgido, rarissime obsoleto, aucta; cellule parvee v. etiam preeminute 
(go-aym™) seepius leptodermes, subpellucide, in aliis speciebus pauce 
suprabasales ceeteris majores subvacue ocellum sistentes. 

Foliola minuta foliis 3 -7-plo minora, vel (in Cardiostipis) cuneata obeor- 
dato-emarginata bifidave, segmentis rotundatis, vel (in Cyclostipis) 
rotunda, ad } bifida, segmentis acutis obtusisve—in unica sp. integra. 

Flores in Cardiostipis omnibus dioici, in Cyclostipis plurimis monoici: 9 
in ramo brevi terminales, innovatione plerumque simplice, raro 
iterum innovante, suffulti, rarissime dichotomiales. Bracteze lobu- 
late, raro complicate, solum concave carinateque (in Cardiostipis 
ad carinam alatee) integerrime v. celluloso-crenulate-serrulateve, 
rarissime denticulate; bracteola angusta biloba—in paucis sublatior 
et truncato-retusa-emarginatave. 

Perianthia seepe pro plantula maxima, 2-3-plo longiora quam lata, pler- 
umque pyriformia, parum compressa, 5-carinata, carinis levibus v. 
celluloso-scabris, in paucis spinoso-alatis, brevirostria. 

Andrecia amentulis cauligenis folium proximum subsuperantibus con- 
stantia, rarissime in ramis terminalia; bracteze seepius paucijugee 
parve, 1-2-andre, 

Hab. In sylvis opacis humidis, tam planitiei quam montium, in cortice, 
rarius in foliis vivis et in truncis putridis, fere constanter aliis hepaticis, 

Frullaniis et Lejeuneis preecipue, irrepentes. 


HarpPA-LEJEUNEA. 165 


Distr. Per totam sylvam Amazonicam adusque juga Andium subal- 
pina (alt. 3000™.) obvize, nusquam copiose, e minutie facile praetervise. 
Species 20 legi (13 Cyclostipas, 5 Cardiostipas, 2 Strepsi-Lejeuneas).— 
L. ovata Tayl., species Europea unica, idem ac congeneres Austro- 
Americane, in Frullaniis seepe parasitans—nune autem rupestris—in- 
venitur. E tota America tropica et australi, ad Cap. Horn usque, aliz 
plurimze species descripte sunt, se. L. stricta L. et G., L. semiscabrida G., 
L. Leiboldiana G., L. Raddiana Lindenb., L. Schlimiana G., L. Neesia 
Mont. ete. Ex Asia tam continentali quam insulari nullam (quantum 
scio) speciem tenemus; paucas tamen ex insulis Mascarenis, se. L. Deles- 
sertt Mont., L. conformis Mont., L. trichomanoides M. et N., et ex ins. 
Auckland 2, nempe L. latitans H. f. et T. et L. Mimosa Tayl. 


§$ 1. CarptostIPa, foliolis cuneato-obcordatis-bifidisve, angulis segmentisve 
obtusissimis. Flores omnium dioici. Bractee m omnibus, L. pilitera ex- 
cepta, ad carinam alate. 


A. Foliola apice solum retusa emarginatave. 


1. H.-L. diaphana. Pallida pellucidissima. F. subimbricata late semi- 
ovata obtusata valde fornicata; lobulus 2-3-plo brevior turgidis- 
simus; ¢. parvule subprominule.  Foliola foliis 3-4-plo breviora 
cuneato-rotunda retusa. Br. hamato-incurve acute lobulate vix 
complicate, ad carinam angustissime alate; bracteola ligulata sub- 
emarginata. Per. obovato-oblonga rotundata longirostria, alte 5-cari- 
nata. 

2. H.-L. Cinchone. F. subimbricata arcuata semiovalia obtusa suba- 
eutave valde sinuato-complicata; lobulus fere 3-plo brevior ovato- 
fusiformis; ¢. parve plane. Foliola foliis 5-plo breviora cuneato- 
reniformia retuso-emarginata. Rami @ sepe dichotomi. Br. 
maxime erectz subcomplicate, ad carinam alate, lobo subacuto, 
lobulo paulo minore seepe emarginato; bracteola obovato-oblonga 
subtruncata. Per. alte emersa pyriformia argute 5-carinata, carinis 
peranguste alatis apiceque spinis 2 y. 3 armatis. 

| H.-L. ovata. F. subimbricata hamata falcato-lanceolata—rarius ovato- 
lanceolata—sensim acutata subpapulosa, basin versus parvi-ocellata 
sinuato-complicata; lobulus fere 3-plo brevior turgide ovoideus papu- 
losus; cellule minutule subopace. Foliola 5-plo minora prelate 
obcordato-triangularia, sinu lato angulisque obtusis. Br. foliis 4 
longiores incurvee complicate ad carinam subalate, lobo lanceolato 
acuto, lobulo breviore obtuso; bracteola obovato-cuneata fere ad 4 
emarginato-bifida, segmentis rotundatis.—Europa. | 

[ H.-L. parasitica. Est quasi L. ovate forma minor. F. planiora ovato- 
triangularia acuminata acuta, ocellata, subrecte complicata; lobulus 
major, + folium excedens, ovato-fusiformis. Foliola is L. ovate fere 
conformia.—Amer. Austr. ad Cap. Horn]. 

3. H.-L. ancistrodes. Pellucida flaccida. F. imbricata falcato-divergentia 
ovali-lanceolata acuminata acuta, acumine uncinato, obscure crenu- 
lata, ocellata, valde sinuato-complicata; lobulus 4 folium fere eequans 
anguste ovoideus ; cellule parvule. Foliola foliis 2$-plo minora 
late obcordato-cuneata carinata, sinu lunulari, angulis obtusatis. 
Fl. @ dichotomiales. Br. foliis fere duplo longiores incurve com- 
plicate, ad carinam anguste alate, lobo acuminato, lobulo minore 
obtusato y. apice bifido; bracteola basi utrinque cum bracteis con- 


166 HaArpPA-LEJEUNEA. 


nata, cuneato-oblonga ad 1—} acute bifida, segmentis obtusatis. Per. 
vix emersa obovata alte 5-carinata apice depresso brevirostria, carinis 
parcissime papulosis. 


B. Foliola ad } usque biloba. 


4. H.-L. tenuicuspis. Viridis vel coerulescens. F. dissita hamata diver- 
gentia, valde oblique ovato-lanceolata cuspidato-acuminata, vix sub- 
crenulata, ocellata, valde sinuato-complcata ; lobulus plus 3-plo 
brevior turaidus raro obsoletus; cell. minutule subprominule. 
Foliola minuta, f. 8-plo breviora, late obovata subacute biloba, lobis 
rotundatis divergentibus. Br. parum incurvee foliis 4 majores com- 
plicate, ad carinam obscure alate acuminate, lobulo obovato- oblongo 
exciso-truncato; bracteola obovato- lanceolata emarginato-biloba, lobis 
rotundatis. . 

5. H.-L. pilifera. Pallida pellucida. F. subimbricata planiora oblique 
ovata, ex apice acuto piliformi-cuspidata, ocellata, valde sinuato-com- 
plicata; lobulus 4-plo brevior saccatus; cell. minute. Foliola foliis 
6-plo minora subrotunda subacute biloba, lobis rotundatis. Br. foliis 
} majores subincurvee complicate exalatie, lobo ovali cuspidato medio 
margine antico unidentato, lobulo minore apice dentato; bracteola 
ligulato- oblonga, ad 4 bifida, sinu segmentisque acutis, subdenticu- 


lata. 


32. Cyctostipa, foliolis suborbiculatis, ad $ bifidis, segmentis acutis 
rarius obtusis; in unica sp. integris. Br. exalate. 


A. Foliola perfecte integra. 


6. H.-L. holostipa. Dioica, minuta. F. subdissita fere erecta obovata 
fornicato-concava; lobulus magnus (=4 folii) turgidus fere hemi- 
sphzericus; cellule preminutee,. Foliola 3-4-plo minora 8-10. lata. 
Bracteola obcordato-orbiculata cochleata. Per. subturbinata turgida 
acute 5-carinata leevissima, 

B. Foliola usque (v. fere) ad medium bifida. 
Fl. dioict. Per. levia inermiaque. 

H.-L. megalantha. Minuta. F. distantia suberecta oblonga rotundata 
v. subacuta, celluloso-crenulata, subsinuato- -complicata; lobulus =4 
folii turgide saccatus; ¢. parve subplanse, marginales prominule. 
Foliola 4- -plo minora subrotunda segmentis acutis. Br. foliis duplo 
majores, lobis obovatis subapiculatis subdenticulatis, postico paulo 
minore; bracteola spatulato-ligulata ad } bifida, segmentis acuminu- 
latis, utrinque l-dentata. Per. maxima obovata turgida alte 5- 
carinata leevia. 

8. H.-L. galeata. ¥. caduca subimbricata tenerrima galeato-concava 
oblique semicordato-ovata obtusa raro subacuta valde sinuato-com- 
plicata; lobulus sub 4-plo brevior inflatus; ec. parvulee subplane. 
Br. foliis 4 breviores fragiles, lobo late oblong integerrimo, lobulo 
parvo ; bracteola lanceolato- oblonga ad 4 bifida, Per, alte emersa 
obconico-pyriformia, supra medium argute 5-carinata. Amenta 
d minuta lateralia. 

b. Fl. monoict. Perianthii carine e cellulis prominulis tuberculose 

muriculateve, in aliis speciebus spinis armate. 


9. H.-L. erectifolia. Minuta. F. subcontigua erecta oblonga basi apice- 
que rotundata recte complicata; lobulus = 4 folii inflatirs apiculatus; 


10. 


Ve 


13. 


14. 


15. 


16. 


WES 


HaArRpPA-LEJEUNEA. 167 


cellule preminute convexule. Foliola 3-plo minora ovali-orbicu- 
lata, segmentis subacutis. Br. foliis majores, lobo obovato; bracteola 
obovata breviter bifida, segmentis obtusis. Per. maxima pyriformia 
compressa 5-carinata levia. Andr. terminalia. 

H.-L. subspatulata. F. subimbricata fornicata, a basi angusta spatu- 
lata rotundata obtusave crenulata, valide sinuato-complicata; lobu- 
lus 3-plo brevior saccatus ; c. mediocres, marginalibus exceptis sub- 
plane. Foliola 6-plo minora, segmentis subacutis. Br. foliis 4 
longiores eroso-serrulatz, lobo semiobovato; bracteola late oblonga 
ad ¢ bifida. Per. subimmersa, pyriformi-oblonga superne 5-carinata, 
carinis papulosis apice prominulis. 

H.-L. gomphocalyx. F. divergentia late semiovata abrupte acuta 
crenulata sinuato-complicata; lobulus 4-5-plo minor saccatus: 
c. parve, subapicales marginalesque prominule, cetere plane. Br. 
foliis minores, lobo lanceolato acuto ; bracteola lineari-cuneata ad 4 
bifida, segmentis subacutis. Per. alte emersa lineari-prismatica com- 
pressa 5-carinata, carinis crebre papillosis. 

H.-L. trachygona. F. ovata subacuminata subcrenulata sinuato- 
complicata; lobulus 4-plo brevior inflatus, foliorum inferiorum sub- 
obsoletus; c. parve, marginalibus exceptis, subplanz. Foliola 5-plo 
minora obovato-rotunda, segmentis subobtusis. Br. foliis subminores, 
lobo lanceolato; bracteola cuneato-lanceolata ad } bifida, segmentis 
subobtusis. Per. alte emersa pyriformia compressula 5-carinata, 
carinis compressis crebre papillosis muriculatisve. 

H.-L. asprella. F. prelate semiovata acuta, facie margineque muri- 
culata, valde sinuato-complicata; lobulus 4-plo brevior inflatus; 
cellule parvulz conico-prominule. Foliola 6-7-plo minora subro- 
tunda, segmentis subacutis. Br. foliis subminores vix complicate, 
lobo obovato-lanceolato; bractecla longe cuneata bifida. Per. alte 
emersa clavato-pyriformia tota facie supra medium crebre acute 
muriculata. 

H.-L. diversicuspis. F. supra lobulum erectum hemisphericum 2-4- 
plo breviorem (ad ramos interdum obsoletum) divaricata late ovata 
obtusata raro acuta, pulchre reticulata submarginata, supra medium 
erenulata; c. parve pellucide. Foliola 4-plo minora, segmentis 
acutis. Br. foliis equilongz, lobo ovali acuto; bracteola angusta 
cuneato-lanceolata ad 4 bifida, segmentis acutis. Per. emersa pyri- 
formia compressula, carinis rudimentarie alatis inequaliter crenu- 
latis. 

H.-L. paratropa. FF. divergentia late ovata abrupte acuminata 
acuta vix crenulata valde sinuato-complicata; lobulus 3-plo brevior 
decurrens saccatus; ¢c. subparve. Foliola 4-plo breviora cuneato- 
obovata vix ad 4 bifida, segmentis obtusis. Br. foliis minores, 
lobo obovato-lanceolato acuto; bracteola cuneato-ligulata vix ad 4 
bifida, segmentis subobtusis. Per. alte emersa clavata alte carinata, 
earinis tuberculosis apice paucispinulosis. 

H.-L. spinuliflora. F. longe distantia subplana oblonga sepius ro- 
tundata, obsolete lobulata; c. subparve plane. Foliola foliis €-7- 
plo minora oblonga, segmentis late subulatis. Br. foliis subequales, 
lobo obovato-lanceolato; bracteola oblongo-ligulata breviter bifida, 
segmentis acutis. Per. emersa pyriformia subcompressa, carinis 
spinis hamatis armatis. 

H.-L. acanthogona. F. e lobuli parvi (folio 6-plo brevioris) saccati 
apice divergentia, late semieordato-ovata, obtusa subacutave; 


168 Harpa-LEJEUNEA. 


lobulus 6-plo brevior v. obsoletus; ce. mediz mediocres, omnes 
subplane. Foliola 7-plo minora, segmentis subacutis. Bracteze 
foliis 2-plo minores vix complicate, lobo ovali acuto; brac- 
teola anguste oblonga vix ad 4 bifida. Per. alte emersa cylindrico- 
oblonga compressula supra medium 5-carinata, carinis spinoso- 
cristatis. 

18. H.-L. blepharogona. FF. patula late semicordato-ovata rotundata 
sinuato-complheata; lobulus plus 3-plo brevior semiovato-rhombeus; 
c. parve subplanz. Foliola 3-plo minora ovato-orbiculata, seg- 
mentis falcato-lanceolatis subobtusis. Br. foliis subminores sub- 
denticulatz, lobo obovato rotundato ; bracteola cuneato-lanceolata 
ad + bifida, segmentis subacutis. Per. emersa obovata turgida pre- 
alte 5-carinata, carinis ciliato-spinosis. 


§ 3. SrrepsI-LEJEUNEA, fere pro subgenere peculiari habenda, a ceteris 
Harpa-Lejeuneis differt habitu robustiore ; colore flavido ; folvis apice acu- 
minato decurvo-tortilt subdenticulatis, cellulis validioribus, pariete insigniter 
incrassato ; foliolis multo majoribus, dimidium folium equantibus; andreciis 
conspicuis, bracteis magnis, sepe plurijugis. Flores monoici. 


19. H.-L. inflexa. F. pellucida, c. mediis—3,™". Foliola sinu depresso, 
segmentis subacutis. Amenta ¢ longispica. 
20. H.-L. Gabrielensis. F. opaca, c. gs. Foliola plana, segmentis obtu- 


satis. Amenta ¢ brevispica. 


ae 


1, Harpa-LEJEUNEA DIAPHANA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad fluvium Bombonasa, alt. 400™, in folio vivo, cum Frullania 
Beyrichiana. 


F 55x °4,°4x°3; lob 15; ep,5 f@°18x'13; br -75x 55; br* box 2: 


per fo x sum. 


Pusilla pallida pellucidissima reptans. Caules } poll. longi vage ramosi, 
ramis superne sensim parvifoliis. 

Folia subimbricata—ramulorum seepe dissita—late semiovata obtusata 
insigniter fornicata; lobulus triplo (foliorum rameorum vix duplo) 
brevior ovoideus turgidissimus, neque ad plicam deorsum saccatus 
vero iterum inflexus loboque appressus; cellule parvule equilatere 
leptodermes convexul valde diaphane, chlorophyllo parcissimo. 

Foliola dissita, foliis caulinis 3-4-plo breviora, appressa, cuneato-rotunda 
retusa. 

Flores dioici: Q terminales, innovatione-suffulti. Bracteve foliis dimidio 
longiores falcato-decurvee subacutz, carinatee—vix complicatee—cari- 
nayue angustissime alate; lobo oblique ovali; lobulo vix duplo 
breviore, 3-5-plo angustiore, tota fere longitudine lobo connato, 
apice solo in dentem brevem extante; bracteola brevior angusta ligu- 
lata, apice recurvo retusa emarginatave. ; 

Perianthia vix emersa pellucida obovato-oblonga subcompressa alte 5-cari- 
nata, ex apice rotundato longius rostellata. 


Pulchra species cum nulla alia confundenda; foliolorum forma, necnon 
bracteis alato-carinatis, cam Harpa-Lejeuneis Cardiostipis plane collo- 
canda. 


HARPA-LEJEUNEA. 169 


2. Harpa-LEesEuNEA CincHon#, Nees. Syn. Hep. 342. 


Hab. In M. Tunguragua, alt. 2000-2500m., corticola. In cortice Peru- 
viano (Pauckert in hb. Hampe). 


F ‘4x28 (sine lobulo) x ‘35 (cum lob.) ; lob 15; ¢ dy; f™ 08x12; 
br (lob) *8 x °4; br'* 5x °35 per 1:2 x -5™™, 


Pusilla pallida dense stratificata subcaespitosaque. Caules pollicares, basi 
subdenudata repentes, dein arcuato-assurgentes, foliosi, vage ramosi 
seepe decompositi, ramis tamen paucis, dissitis, aliis dichotomis. 

1 olia laxe imbricata, basi assurgentia, apice devexa, sacculo basali ademto 
semiovalia v. semicircularia, subacuta vel seepius obtusa, margine 
antico rotundato basi semicordato, postico ab apice fere ad % long. 
usque recto horizontali, dein valde sinuato et in sacculum ovato- 
fusiformem, apice brevi (lobulo vero) acuto occulto patenteve, con- 
voluto ; cellule parvee pellucide guttulate subincrassate plane, 
chlorophyllo in sieco annulari. 

Foliola distantia, foliis 5-plo minora, subplana, late cuneato-obovata 
reniformiave (latiora quam longa) late retuso-emarginata, angulis 
rotundatis. 

Flores dioici: in ramorum dichotomiis, raro innovatione solitaria suf- 
fulti. Bracteze maxims, foliis 2-plo majores, erect, dimudiato- 
ovales, altera acuta altera obtusa, ad $ complicato-bilobe, ad plicam 
anguste alate, lobulo } breviore angustioreque rotundato szepe mar- 
ginato; bracteola bracteis longe brevior obovato-oblonga rotundato- 
truncata repandula subplana. 

Perianthia emersa, f. caulinis 3-plo longiora pyriformia, v. fusiformia 
(basi attenuata), ab ipsa basi argute pentagona—vel potius pentap- 
tera—angulis alé angust&é 2. crass limbatis, apiceque spinis 2 v. 
3 subulatis recurvulis (cornua simulantibus) armatis. Calyptra 
magna tenuis. 


Planta pulchella, ex habitu et floribus dichotomialibus ad Hygro- 
Lejeuneam catinuliferam plane accedens, ceteris caracteribus valde 
diversa. 


3. HAarpA-LEJEUNEA ANCISTRODES, Spruce. (Tas. V.) 


Hab. Quisapincha, prope Ambato; etiam super montem Tunguragua, 
alt. 3000™., in arboribus vetustis, supra Lejeuneam catinuliferam 
repeus. 


Wa xcco0, 100 “2, ¢ A> f'* 2x23) br lob “9x5; br “Tox; per 
ee as 


Pusilla pallide viridis fragilis flaccida; caules {-pollicares prostrati pin- 
natim subramosi, ramis ¢ furcatis. 

Folia tenerrima pellucida imbricata, falcato-divergentia, oblique ovali- 
lanceolata acuminata acuta, acumine decuryo-uncinato, caulem antice 
late transeuntia, integerrima vix obscure celluloso-crenulata, valde 
sinuato-complicata; lobulus $ folium fere equans, anguste ovatus 
inflatus acutus, apice tamen seepissime involuto; cellule parvule 
leptodermes, chlorophyllo parco in annulum congesto, paucee (4-6) 
basin versus duplo majores vacue in ocellum plerumque aggregate. 

Foliola subcontigua dissitave, foliis 2}-plo breviora, late obcordato-cuneata, 
subcarinata, sinu lato lunulari, angulis obtusatis. 


TRANS. BOT. SOC, EDIN. VOL, XV. Mi 


170 HARPA-LEJEUNEA. 


Fl. dioici: 2 terminales, innovationibus 2 oppositis suffulti. Bractee 
foliis fere duplo longiores, patule decurvee, paulo ultra medium 
complicato-bilobee, ad carinam_peranguste alate, ad sinum devexe; 
lobi antici oblique lanceolati subacuminati acuti subintegerrimi; 
lobuli paulo breviores, sat angustiores, rhomboidei obtusati, alter 
sublatior seepe bilobus; bracteola paulo brevior, bast utrinque connata, 
cuneato-oblonga ab apice ad 1-4 alt. acute emarginato- biloba, seg- 
mentis obtusatis, 

Perianthia vix emersa, obovata, alte 5-carinata, apice depresso brevi- 
rostellata, carinis apice rotundato-prominulis papillaque una alterave 
vix scaberulis. 

Andrecia cauligena, f. caulino equilonga, compresso-globosa ; bracteze 
2-3-jugee majusculee. 

L. stricta L. et G. (Syn. Hep. 756) nostra certe proxima, differre videtur 
caule stricto} foliis minus decurvis ovatis acuminatis; foliolis minutis; 
perianthiis brevioribus.—L. ovata Tayl. (a qua vix distincta videtur 
L. stricta) a L. uncinata diversa est foliis validicribus opacis, apice 
breviore vix acuminato, lobulo minore sed turgidiore, cellulis dimidio 
minoribus, ocello minore (2 cell. constante); foliolis duplo minoribus 
oblatis; bracteis conformibus duplo fere minoribus, basi utrinque cum 
bracteola connatis; innovatione floris feeminei unilaterali. 


4, HARPA-LEJEUNEA TENUICUSPIS, Spruce. 


Hab. In arborum truncis fl. Negro inundatis, seepe cum aliis Lejewneis 
immixta: pl. Q sterilis. 


FAx% 2+ lob 125; © dys f °05%°07 3 br. 0b 6x25 5 bre 4 eee 


Pusilla, viridis, eee ecerulescens, siccando sublurida. Caules 4- 
pollicares, vage ramosi, ramis seepe elongatis flaccidis. 

Folia dissita, patula, apice insigniter hamato- ‘deeurva, valde oblique ovato- 
lanceolata cuspidato- -acuminata, cuspide sub 5 cell. longa, le. (basi 
2c.) lata, repanda, integerrima v. parum celluloso-crenulata, basin 
versus (sub lobuli margine) ocellata, a basi (cum lobulo) saccata 
extus valde convexa semierecta, abrupte divergentia; lobulus plus 
3-plo brevior late semiovoideus turgidus, margine inflexo parum 
obliquo, apice acuto occulto, raro obsoletus; cellule minutule vix 
paulo incrassatie subprominulee ambitu opacie, ocelli 2 v. 3c. cellule 
ceteris duplo majores vacue. 

Foliola minuta foliis 8-plo breviora, oblato-obovata, ad 4 fere subacute 
biloba, lobis divergentibus rotundatis. 

Flores dioici: @ in ramo seepissime perbrevi—raro longiore—terminales. 
innovatione unilaterali brevi simplice suffulti. Bracteze erecto-patule, 
subplane (parum incurvee) ad } complicato-bilobee, celluloso-crenu- 
late, obiter subdenticulatee, ad carinam acutam vix rudimentarie 
alatee, lobo longe oblique lanceolato subacuminato raro subcuspidato 
acuto, lobulo fere duplo breviore obovato-oblongo exciso-truncato ; 
bracteola sat brevior, obovato-lanceolata emarginato- biloba, sinu sub- 
acuto, apicibus rotundatis. 


Harpa-LEJEUNEA PILIFERA, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylva Amazonica, hic illic in cortice, rara vel ob minutie preeter- 
visa, semper aliis hepaticis, Lejewneis preecipue, irrepens : Caript prope 


HARPA-LEJEUNEA. 171 


Parad; 8S. Carlos del Rio Negro; Marona-yacu prope Tarapoto, alt. 
600™,, in Bryo-Lejeunea diffusa. 


F 4X °2, cuspis "1-125, lob *1, ¢ gy; f* 07 x:07; br. lobus ‘6 x -3™™. 


60 % 

Pusilla pallida pellucida, Caules }-pollicares, vage vel subpinnatim 
ramosi, arcte repentes. 

Folia vix ad lobulum usque imbricata, subplana vel decurva, oblique 
ovata, basi lata vix semicordata, ex apice acuto longe_piliformi- 
cuspidata (cuspide 7 v. 8 cellulas longa) supra basin valide sinuato- 
complicata; lobulus 4-plo brevior, ovatus saccatus, margine apiceque 
involutus; cellule minutulee subconformes leptodermes, fere vacuz, 
2 v. 3 inferiores (sub lobuli margine) czeteris duplo majores ocellum 
sistentes. 

Foliola distantia minuta, foliis 6-plo minora, subrotunda, medio 6 cellulas 
lata, apice subacute bifida, segmentis rotundatis. 

Flores dioici: @ in ramo brevi terminales, cum innovatione simplice. 
Bractez foliis dimidio majores, seepe incurvee, ad 4 complicato- 
bilobxe ; lobo antico oblique ovali plus minus cuspidato, medio 
margine antico sepius unidentato, rarius etiam subdenticulato ; 
lobulo duplo breviore angustioreque, apice vel spinuloso-tridentato 
vel acuminato et varie subdentato; bracteola brevior ligulato-oblonga 
ad } bifida, sinu segmentisque acutis, margine repando vel sub- 
denticulato. 


L. L. Delessertii Mont., Dominicensis Mont., Owaihiensis Gottsch. et 
cuspidata Gottsch., omnes ut videretur nostre aftines, foliola habent multo 
majora, in L. cuspidata etiam acutiloba. 


6. Harpa-LEJEUNEA HOLOSTIPA, Spruce. 


Hab. Pard, in cortice, supra Frullaniam ewxilem Tayl. aliasque hepaticas 
repens; etiam ad Caripi aliisque locis flam. Amazonum ostiis prox- 
imis. 

F 3x2, 25x18; lob 125; c¢ dy; fl 08x 08; br 4x °3; br! -25 x25; 
mer O° Xs, 


Minuta, viridis, laxe effusa. Caules }~}-pollicares tenues flexuosi, in 
matrice paralleli, subsimplices v. parce vageque ramosi. 

Folia subdissita fere erecta (axi 4 caule parum divergente) assurgentia 
fornicato-concava obovata, rotundata, dimidio inferiore toto cum 
lobulo in sacculum magnum valde turgidum (fere hemisphzricum), 
margine involutum, convoluta, dimidio superiore (lobulo ademto) 
fere orbiculata, cochleata; cellule preminute leptodermes con- 
vexulee, ambitu opacee, centro pellucide. 

Foliola foliis 3-4-plo minora, distantia, rotunda integra, 8-10 cellulas 
lata. 

Flores dioici: @ in ramo terminales, innovatione simplice suffulti. 
Bractez foliis majores obovato-rotundze concave, ad ? bifidee, lobulo 
parvo lineari explanato; bracteola bracteis brevior obcordato-orbicu- 
lata cochleato-concaya. 

Perianthia emersa obovata subturbinata, vix compressa, in rostellum sub- 
sensim angustata, acute 5-carinata, leevissima. 

Andrcecia in ramis plerumque terminalia, raro basilaria; bracteze pauci- 
(sub 4-) juge, foliis caulinis imo majores, oblique ovato-rotund com- 
plicate turgidee apice subeequilobe. 


172 HARPA-LEJEUNEA. 


Foliolis perfecte integris a ceteris omnibus sui subgeneris distinctis- 
sima.—Brachio-Lejeunee laxifolie, Tayl. ex longinquo subaftinis—Melius 
forsan, cum H. L. erectifolia et megalantha, inter Micro-Lejewneas mili- 
taverit. 


Harpa-LEJEUNEA MEGALANTHA, Spruce. 


Hab. S. Carlos del Rio Negro, in arbore vetusta, supra alias Lejewneas 
repens. 


F-25915, -25x:195, lob °125, ¢ 3; f™ *05; br (expluata) OK 4s 
br’ -4x°2 5 per 6 x ‘35, °55 x ‘25™™, 


Minuta pallida ; caules }-pollicares, filiformes, vage ramosi, implexi. 

Folia longe distantia suberecta (axi a caule "paulo divergente) oblonga 
obovatave rotundata, obtusa, vel abrupte acuta, basi rotundat fo-saccata, 
margine celluloso-crenata, medio subsinuato-complicata ; lobulus 
i dimidium folium) fere hemisphzericus, margine incurvo tamen 
suboliquo, turgidus, apice plerumque occulto, vel. conspicuo et exciso; 
cellule subconformes, parvie, pellucide, marginales papuloso-promi- 
nulz. Folia ramea nune elobulata, nune (in ramis elongatis) ad 
sacculum basilarem solum fere radacta. 

Foliola minuta folio 5-plo minora, caule haud latiora, subrotunda, ad 
medium subacute bifida. 

Flores dioici: Q terminales, innovatione (plerumque simplice) suffulti; 
bracteze maxim, foliis duplo majores, divergentes, obovate sub- 
apiculato- -acute et sepius hic illie angulato-denticulate, breviter 
(ad 4) bifidee parum complicates, lobulo “plus minus breviore angus- 
re jue; bracteola spathulato-ligulata ad 7 solum bifida, segmentis 
patulis acuminulato-acutis, saepe utringue j-dentata, 

Perianthia magna, foliis plus 2-plo majora, pellucida fuscidula, pyri- 
formia, vix compressa, alte 5-carinata, carinis sublzevissimis, rostello 
obsoleto. 


Aflinis L. erectifolie cui tamen sunt flores monoici; folia exacte erecta, 
cellulis preminutis opacis; foliola dimidio majora; bractearum minorum 
lobus obtusus integerrimus ; bracteola obovata obtusiloba integerrima, 
et perianthia sat compressa. 


8. Harpa-LEJEUNEA GALEATA, Spruce. 


Hab. In M. Campana Andium Peruvianorum, ad saxa, alt. 1200™; etiam 
in M. Chimborazo, ad corticem. 


F6 x5, 5x55 lob 183 ¢ gy; f* 15; br 4; per 13x°b, xe 


Poses e pallide viridi olivacea, plagas latas densas efformans. Caules 

1-pollicares flexuosi tenaces pinnatim ramosi subprostrati valde 

Pplece basin versus, e foliis caducis v. eorum Icbulis solis relictis, 
plus minus denudati. 

Folia subimbricata assurgentia—caulina seepe squarrosa—basi angusta 
subtransversé inserta, unde facile soluta, fornicato-concava v, potius 
galeata, tenerrima, pellucida; valde oblique semicordato-ovata, apice 
deflexo obtusa rotundatave, raro subac muta, antice caulem late trans- 
euntia, basi postica valde sinuato- complicata, lobulo sub 4-plo 
bre vir ovato inflato, dente apicali conspicuo; f. ramea caulinis 
seepe 2-plo minora; cellule parvulee subaequimagne subplane. 


HaArpa-LEJEUNEA. 173 


Foliola foliis fere 4-plo minora, subrotunda, vix ad 4 usque bifida, seg- 
- mentis acutis subobtusisve. 

Flores dioici: 2 in ramo brevissimo terminales, innovatione brevi sim- 
plice suffulti. Bracteze foliis $ breviores, fragiles, late oblonge, 
lobulo parvo plano; bracteola lanceolato-oblonga ad 4 bifida. 

Perianthia alte emersa, foliis duplo longiora, obconico-pyriformia—demum 
elongata, clavata, quasi-stipitata—brevirostellata, supra medium alte 
argute 6-carinata, carinis complanatis leevissimis. 

Andrecia cauligena, folium collaterale subeequantia, bracteis 3-4-jugis. 


Plantula singularis, e foliis arcuatis galeatis, basi valde constrictis 
ibidemque seepe ad sacculum solum redactis, unde spatulata viderentur. 


9. Harpa-LEJEUNEA ERECTIFOLIA, Spruce. 


Hab. F\. Uaupés, in arborum ramis, supra Archi-Lejeuneam porelloidem 
repens ; etiam ad fl. Negro in Radula pseudostachya. 

F -25 x -125, lob -125, c 3; f'* 075; br -325; per “6 x °35, “75 x 35mm, 

Minuta pallide viridis prostrata Caules }-pollicares tenuissimi vage vel 
pinnatim ramosi. 

Folia contigua vel subdissita, fere longitudinaliter inserta, erecta (axi 

majore cauli parallela) oblonga, utroque fine rotundata (margine 

postico antico duplo fere longiore), recte complicato-biloba, ad cari- 
nam moniliato-papulosa; lobulus cztero folio subzequilatus, duplo 
brevior, inflatus, margine involuto, apice exciso-apiculato porrecto 

v. occulto; cellule minutissimz conformes opacee leptodermes guttu- 

latze papuloso-prominule. 

Foliola foliis triplo minora, valde diaphana, ovali-orbiculata, ad 4 bifida, 
sinu segmentisque subacutis. 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo brevi terminales, innovatione  suffulti. 
Bractez foliis majores obovatze obtuse, lobulo duplo breviore line- 
ari-rhomboideo acuto; bracteola obovata breviter bifida, segmentis 
obtusis. 

Perianthia pro plantula maxima, foliis triplo longiora, pyriformia 
subcompressa, postice bicarinata, antice apicem versus leviter cari- 
nulata, carinis repandis levibus—demum (fructu emisso) basi elon- 
gata, subinfundibulata. Calyptra rufa ovali-fusiformis stipitata. 
Capsula globosa pallida. 

Andreecia in ramis terminalia, spicata; bracteze 3-5-juge subrotunde, 
cellulis prominulis scabree, submuriculate. 


Plantula facile distincta, affinitate inter Harpa-Lejeuneas et Micro- 
Lejeuneas media, melius forsan cum his collocata. Facie et magnitudine 
L. holostipa simillima est, cui tamen adsunt foliola perfecte integra, 
folia obovata, perianthia alte 5-carinata, etc. Planta Negrensis lobulum 
apiculo longiore recto donatum habet. 


10. HArpA-LEJEUNEA SUBSPATHULATA, Spruce. 


Hab. In Andium Quitensium radicibus, juxta fluv. Bombonasa, in 
cortice. 


F -45 x°3 x ‘2, lob 18, ¢ 35; f* 075; br -65x-4; br -35x°3; per "5X 


25mm, 


Pusilla albescens, siccando fuscidula. Caules semipollicares repentes 


174 HARPA-LEJEUNEA. 


subpinnatim ramosi, ramis confertis assurgenti-arcuatis subeespi- 
tosis. 

Folia subimbricata assurgentia, dein fornicato-decurva, ex angusta basi 
obovata spathulatave, rotundata obtusatave, celluloso - crenulata 
(varius-serrulata), infra medium valide sinuato-complicata; lobulus 
folio vix triplo brevior semiovatus saccatus, margine obliquo invo- 
lato, apice abscondito; cellule mediocres subpellucide, inferiores 
sensim majores longioresque, submarginales sole in conum obtusum 
acutumve prominule, 

Foliola foliis 6-plo breviora, subrotunda, ad } bifida, sinu segmentisque 
subacutis. 

Flores monoici: ? in ramo perbrevi—raro longiore, vel in ipso caule 
terminales, innovatione simplice suffulti. Bracteze foliis caulinis 
dimidio majores, ab apice ad ? alt. bilobee, complicate vel sepe 
non, muricato-erosule, lobo semiobovato vel semispathulato acuto vel 
obtuso, lobulo angustiusculo lanceolato; bracteola duplo fere minor, 
late oblonga, ad 4 bifida, sinu latiusculo subacuto, 

Perianthia subimmersa, anguste pyriformi-oblonga, supra medium 5- 
carinata, carinis papuloso-cristulatis, apice umbonato-prominulis— 
quasi rudimentarie cornutis. 

Amenta ¢ ramulo foliis caulinis longiore constantia; bracteze plerumque 
5-jugee, raro pluri-(10—20-) jugie. 


Foliis paulo densioribus, parum divergentibus, seepe assurgenti-subse- 
cundis, valde concavis, rotundatis obtusatisve, crenulatis; bracteis maxi- 
mis; perianthiis parvis subimmersis; androeeciis longispicis; etc., a L. 
tenuistipula plerisque aliis ejusdem subgeneris differt. 


11. Harpa-LEJEUNEA GOMPHOCALYX, Spruce. 
Hab. Ad fluvium Negro, supra fl. Casiquiart ostia, in cortice. 


F 5x °4,°4x 35, lob. 1, ¢ po—gy; f *08x.08; br -4; br’ 35x15; per 
1:0 x 3mm, 

Albida vel pallide viridis, siccando fuscescens, flaccida prostrata. Caules 
semipollicares teneri ineequaliter pinnati vel subbipinnati, ramis as- 
surgentibus arcuatis. 

Folia paululum imbricata, supra plicam basalem semiverticalem diver- 
geutia, valde decurvo-fornicata, late oblique semiovata abrupte acuta, 
margine toto celluloso-creuulata; lobulus folio 4-5-plo minor, de- 
currens, inflatus, ad plicam convexus, margine (ex involutione) 
transverso, apice occulto; cellule parvee subsequilatere pellucida, 
marginales obtuse prominul, caeterse subplanie, vel pauce superi- 
ores convexulze, ocello nullo. 

Foliola minuta, foliis 5-6-plo breviora, rotunda cuneatove-rotunda, ad 
medium bifida, segmentis obtusis. 

Flores monoici: ¢ in ramulo brevi terminales, innovatione simplice 
suffulti. Bractece foliis minores appressee ultra medium bifid, 
lobo oblique lanceolato acuto, lobulo lineari apice subulato; bracteola 
lineari-cuneata ad 4 bifida, segmentis acutis obtusisve. 

Perianthia alte emersa, foliis caulinis duplo longiora, lineari-prismatica 
vel subclavata rotundato-truncata brevirostria, compressa 5-carinata, 
carinis crebre papillosis. 

Andreecia ramulo brevi, folio caulino equilongo, constantia; bractese 3—- 
4-juge. 


HARPA-LEJEUNEA, nA 


Ab hae distat Harpa-L. trachygona textura firmiore (minime flaccida) ; 
foliis caulinis subelobulatis, rameis subacuminatis, minus distincte crenu- 
latis; perianthiis brevioribus (pyriformibus nec claviformibus), carinis 
altioribus asperrimis. 


12. Harpa-LEJEUNEA TRACHYGONA, Spruce. 


Hab. In monte Pingullu, supra pagum Tavalosos Andium Peruvianorum, 
in cortice. ; 

F 4x °3, ‘43 x °35, lob -1 v. 0,¢ Ay; f'@ 08x :08; br. lob 35x :15; br@ 
one HeT, (OO) Xx OL. 

Pusilla czespitoso-procumbens, ex olivaceo-viridi rufula; caules }-polli- 
cares flexuosi Ineequaliter pinnati, ramis seepe arcuatis. 

Folia parum imbricata late patula apice decurvula (ramorum fornicata) 
oblique ovata acuta subacuminatave repandula celluloso-subcrenu- 
lata, caulina basi obscurissime complicata (vel non), ramea caulinaque 
superiora plerumque abrupte sinuato-complicata; lobulus folio 3—4- 
plo brevior subovatus extus rotundatus; cellule subconformes parvee 
pellucidee leptodermes, 

Foliola distantia, minuta, foliis 5-plo minora obovato-rotunda fere ad 
medium bifida, segmentis subobtusis. 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo perbrevi terminales, innovatione simplice 
suffulti. Bracteze foliis subminores, appressee, ad medium bifide, 
acute, lobo lanceolato, lobulo parvo lineari-lanceolato; bracteola 
cuneato-lanceolata, 3-plo longior quam lata, ad } acute bifida, seg- 
mentis acutis. 

Perianthia alte emersa, foliis dimidio majora, pyriformia, compressula, 
pellucida, brevi-rostellata, 5-carinata, carinis compressis crebre muri- 
culatis papillosisve. 

Amenta ¢ cauligena, folio caulino equilonga; bractez 4-jugee, mediocres, 
1-2-andre. 


13. HARPA-LEJEUNEA ASPRELLA, Spruce. (Tas. V.) 


Hab. In M. Guayrapurina, Andium Peruvie super truncos putridos. 

BF -4X% 35; lob 1; ¢ 45; fi 06; br 385; per “6 x *25™™, 

Pusilla, albescens, late dense czespitosa. Caudex repens matrici arcte 
adfixus, caules 1—4-poll. fastigiato-caespitosos arcuantes parum ramosos, 
raro subpinnatos, edens. 

Folia subimbricata valde hamato-decurva a basi angusta prelate semi- 
ovata acuta, facie margineque celluloso-echinata-denticulataque, basin 
versus valde sinuato-complicata, lobulo 4-plo breviore ovato inflato; 
cellule parvule zequilateree, omnes fere insigniter conico-prominule, 
marginales anticze sensim minores, subbasales submajores planio- 
resque. 

Foliola minuta foliis 6-7-plo breviora patula subrotunda ad 4 bifida sub- 
acuta. 

Flores monoici: @ terminales, cum innovatione. LBractez foliis sub- 
minores bilobe, raro complicate, lobo obovato-lanceolato, lobulo 
parvo lineari; bracteola elongato-cuneata bifida. 

Perianthia alte emersa, f. caulinis dimidio longiora, anguste clavato- 
pyriformia, seepe subfusiformia, i.e. apicem versus in rostellum brevem 
sensim attenuata, tota facie supra medium, ad carinas precipue, 
crebre acute muriculata. 


176 HARPA-LEJEUNEA. 


Andreecia subcylindrica tenuia ; bracteze 3-6-jugze ; antheridia solitaria 
binave (altero minore). 

Pulchra species, L. subspatulate §. affinis, valde distincta tamen, pree- 
cipue perianthiis ex involucro parvo alte emersis, foliisque asperrimis.— 
A L. tenuistipula L. et G. certe distare videtur foliis facie fere tota 
echinatis, cellulis submajoribus; foliolis preeminutis; perianthiis angus- 
tioribus valde exasperatis. L. semiscabrida G. in Hep. N.-Granat. 60, 
habet folia subapiculata, solum dimidio supero echinata; foliola obcuneata 
extus utrinque unidentata, 


14. Harpa-LEJEUNEA DIVERSICUSPIS, Spruce. 

Hab. Ad fluvii Negro cataractas, in cortice, cum aliis Lejewnets intricata. 

F -3x°3, °3x°‘25, lob ‘08-12, ¢ 4-35; foliola -07—08; br 3; br'4 
25 x 125 ; per 45x25, +5 x 33mm, 

Minuta pallida, siecando fuscidula, dense czespitoso-repens. Caules 3-} 
pollicis longi tenues fragiles subramosi, ramis Inzequilongis. 

Folia parum imbricata valde obliqua, a plica basali suberecté divergentia, 
late ovata obtusa vel abrupte acuta, raro leviter acuminulata, inter- 
dum rotundata, repanda, superne celluloso-crenulata integerrimave, 
pulchre pellucido-reticulata, infra medium profundissime sinuato- 
complicata; lobulus folio 2-4-plo brevior subhemispheericus, margine 
transverso involuto; cellule pellucida parvee subpachydermes, mar- 
ginales minores subquadrate subopacze. 

Foliola distantia, foliis 4-plo minora, subrotunda, ad medium bifida, 
segmentis acutis. 

Flores monoici; Q in ramo primum brevi, demum innovando-elongato, 
terminales. Bracteze foliis equilongee ad #2 bilobe, lobo oblique 
ovali acuto, lobulo oblongo learive; bracteola angusta cuneato- 
lanceolata ad 4 acute bifida, segmentis erectis acutis. 

Perianthia foliis majora emersa pyriformia compressula 5-carinata, carinis 
papillosis interdum rudimentarie alatis. 

Andreecia cauligena, folinm collaterale subexcedentia; bracteze 3-4-jugee 
turgidie, foliis duplo breviores. 

Folia, nisi pro lobulo turgidissimo, seepe fere plana, alia apice hamata, 
caulina fere semper lobulata, ramulina lobulo nune ad pliculam planam 
redacto, nune magno folio vix duplo minore. 

A L. paratropa S. certe distincta est minutie; foliis plus minus obtusis 
—nunquam distinete acuminatis; perianthiis brevioribus (haud clavatis), 
carinis superne scabridis sed non spinulosis; preecipue autem foliolorum 
segmentis acutis. 


15. Harpa-LEJEUNEA PARATROPA, Spruce. 


Hab. In M. Campana Andium Peruvianorum, cum L. galeata aliisque 
Lejeuneis, in cortice. 

F 4x °35, lob 125-15, ¢ pg; f'* ‘1x :075; br °3; brit 25 «O85 ner “6'x 
25mm, 

Pusilla olivaceo-viridis, post siccationem valde flaccida. Caules prostrati 
intrivati, 4-1-poll. longi. tenues flexuosi, vage pinnatimve ramosi. 

Folia contigua dissitave, a basi semierecta divergentia, late oblique 
ovata abrupte acuminata acuta, obscure celluloso-crenulata valde 


Harpa-LEJEUNEA. V7 


sinuato-complicata; lobulus subtriplo brevior saccato-decurrens sub- 
ovatus convolutus, apice occulto; cellule subparvee pellucide, infe- 
riores sensim majores. 

Foliola foliis 4-plo minora cuneato-obovata vix ad medium usque bifida, 
segmentis obtusis patulis. 

Flores monoici; 9 in ramo brevissimo terminales, innovatione simplice 
suffulti. Bracteze foliis minores, oblique obovato-lanceolatze acute, 
ad medium bifidee, lobulo angusto lineari; bracteola foliolis duplo 
major, cuneato-ligulata vix ad medium bifida, seementis subobtusis. 

Perianthia alte emersa, foliis caulinis dimidio longiora, clavata, brevi- 
rostria compressula anguste 5-carinata, carinis papuloso-scaberulis, 
aliquando (nec constanter) apice pauci-spinulosis. 

Andreecia ramulo brevi cauligeno, folio subsequilongo, constantia, ovato- 
oblonga; bracteze parvule sub 4-jugee. 


A L. galeata, S.—seepe in eodem ceespite vigente—distincta florescentia 
monoica; foliis acute subacuminatis subcrenulatis, et perianthiis apice 
scabris spinulosisve. 


16. HARPA-LEJEUNEA SPINULIFLORA, Spruce. 


In fluvii Casiquiari ripis, supra Lejeuneas (L. Sagreanam aliasque) in 
cortice repens. 

sae ax VO, Cae: fF 05; br? 3 x"1; per 6 x 25mm 

Pusilla pallide fuscidula. Caules 3-pollicares filiformes parce et subpin- 
natim ramosi, aliis ramis elongatis. 

Folia longe distantia, angulo 70° patentia, subplana, oblique oblonga 
obovatave plerumque rotundata, basi obsoletissime complicata; cel- 
lule parvulee pellucidz subconformes. 

Foliola minutissima, foliis 6-7-plo breviora, latitudine caulem haud ex- 
cedentia, oblonga, ad $ bifida, segmentis late subulatis (3 cellulas 
longis basique latis). 

Flores dioici (?}—@ in ramo brevi terminales, innovatione suffulti. 
Bracteze foliis subzequales, oblique obovato-lanceolate vix ad medium 
bifidee, parvilobulate ; bracteola oblongo-ligulata breviter bifida, 
sinu segmentisque acutis. 

Perianthia bracteis dimidio longiora, pyriformia rotundata subretusave 
rostellata, antice 1-carinulata, postice 2-carinata, margine carinisque 
spinoso-cristata, spinis hamatis 3-4 cellulas longis, basi 1-2 cell. 
latis, valde decidius. 

Andreecia haud visa. 


Obs. Inter congeneres paulo aberrans est, e foliis planis rotundatis; 
perianthiis spinosis autem Harpa-L. blepharogone aliisque plane ac- 
cedit. 


17. Harpa-LEJEUNEA ACANTHOGONA, Spruce. 


Hab. In M. Tunguragua, supra truncos putrescentes. 
F 6 x °35; lob 1; c. medi@ gos; f'* 08; br -3; br'*-3 x 15; per “75 x 35 
(spints inclusis)™™. 

Pusilla, olivaceo-viridis, prostrata, intricata. Caules 2-3™ longi flexuosi 
laxe cellulosi, tenaces tamen, laxe pinnati, pinnis subsimplicibus. 
Folia subcontigua, e basi brevi saccaté semierecta subdivergentia, decurvo- 

concava, alia planiuscula, late oblique semicordato-ovata subtri- 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. Z 


178 HARPA-LEJEUNEA. 


angularia, abrupte acuta obtusave raro obtusata, ad lobuli junctionem 
subsinuata; lobulus 6-plo brevior saccatus, margine sinuato-incurvo 
subtransverso, haud raro subobsoletus; cellule mediz medioeres, 
inferiores sensim majores, submarginales multo minores, omnes sub- 
eequilateree subincrassatee parum chlorophyllose fere planissimee. 
F. ramea duplo fere minora. 

Foliola minuta, foliis 7-plo minora, orbiculata, ad medium bifida, sinu 
segmentisque subacutis. 

Flores monoici: 2 in ramo brevissimo terminales, innovatione brevi 
longioreve suffulti. Bracteze parvie, foliis 2-plo minores, appresse, 
bilobe vix complicate, lobo oblique ovali acuto, vix ad medium 
usque cum lobulo lineari-lanceolato connato; bracteola libera anguste 
oblonga, vix ad $ usque acute bifida. 

Perianthia alte emersa, foliis caulinis longiora, cylindrico-oblonga superne 
parum latiora, compressula, supra medium 5-carinata, carinis spinoso- 
cristatis-alatisve, apice breyi-rostellata. 

Amenta ¢ cauligena, f. caulino subequilonga, tenuia; bracteze 5-6-juge 
minutulee. 


L. paratropa, 8. (e M. Campana), subsimilis, folia habet multo minora 
valde sinuato-complicata acuminata, lobulo pro ratione duplo majore; 
foliola majora cuneato-obovata haud ad 4 bifida, segmentis obtusis ; 
denique perianthia clavata, carinis solum scaberulis v. (rarissime) pauci- 
Spls. 


L. diversicuspis (e fl. Negro), foliola fere eadem ac L. acanthogone habet; 
folia tamen duplo minora, ad lobuli apicem profundissime sinuata, lobulo 
majore fere hemispheerico; bracteas foliis equimagnas; perianthia pyri- 
formia ad carinas solum submuricata. 


18. Harpa-LEJEUNEA BLEPHAROGONA, Spruce. 


Hab. In monte Azuay, alt. 3000", in arborum ramulis, supra Tayloriam 
laciniatam S. repens. 

F 5 x°4, lob +15; ¢ A-Fo3 f% 18x15; br 4; br’? -4x-2; per “75x 4mm 
(sine cilits); cilia 15™™ vel 8 c. longa. 

Pusilla virescens; caules 4-4 pollicares, ineequaliter subpinnatim ramosi. 

Folia dissita, superiora autem ramulinaque subimbricata patula decur- 
vulo-concava, late oblique semicordato-ovata rotundata, sinuato- 
complicata; lobulus rhombeus apiculato-acutus, inflatus et e marginis 
inflexione ovoideus; cellule parvee vix incrassatee subopace, sub- 
plane, inferiores sensim majores, 

Foliola foliis 3-plo minora ovato-orbiculata ad v. paulo ultra 4 bifida, 
sinu obtuso, segmentis falcato-lanceolatis subobtusis. 

Flores monoici: 9in ramulo perbrevi, foliis 0-1l-jugis stipato, imnova- 
tione simplice tamen aucto, terminales. Bractewe foliis subminores 
laxe complicato-bilobie, subdenticulatie, lobo obovato-rotundo, lobulo 
duplo minore subquadrato; bracteola cuneato-lanceolata, ad 4 bifida, 
segmentis subacuminatis acutis. 

Perianthia majuscula emersa obovata, subpellucida, ex apice retuso brevi- 
rostellata, prealte 5-carinata, carinis ciliato-spinosis, ciliis ad 8 ¢. 
longis, inferne 2 ¢. latis. 

Amenta ¢ lateralia, folio caulino breviora; bracteee sub 3-juge. 


L. acwithogona (¢ Tunguragua) differt statura majore; foliis sub- 


HARPA-LEJEUNEA. 179 


majoribus pro more subacutis, lobulo minore; foliolis minutis (plus 
duplo minoribus); bracteis subintegerrimis, angustioribus, lobulo lineari- 
lanceolato; demum perianthiis angustioribus subcylindricis, solum supra 
medium carinatis, carinis ala in spinas latiusculas incisa auctis. 


19. StREPSI-LEJEUNEA INFLEXA, Hampe. 
in Lehm. Pug. vil, p. 22. Syn. Hep. 350. 


Hab. In fl. Negro sylvis, ad fructicum ramulos, necnon ad arborum 
radices irrigatas, rarius in cortice vetusto. Etiam in Surinamo et 
Antillis. 

F:55x°4; lob ‘1-15; ¢ Aas; f :25-3; br 55; brie 5x5, 5x45; 
Deieo x OT. 

Majuscula mediocrisve, e pallide viridi flavescens, late eifusa denseque 
subceespitosa. Caules pollicares pinnati bipinnatique, ramis assur- 
gentibus inequilongis aliis polyphyllis. 

Folia ad lat. $v. ultra imbricata, subdivergentia, semicordato-ovata, apice 
decurvo tortili acutata acuminatave, papulosa, margine celluloso- 
repanda angulataque, superiora interdum apice grosse subdenticulata, 
margine postico subrecto solum ad lobuli apicem sinuato; lobulus folio 
4-5-plo brevior rhomboideus triangularisve subacutus inflatus, mar- 
gine parum incurvo; cellule parvee guttulate pellucide alte convexo- 
prominul, pariete incrassato, trigonis conspicuis, intus 6-sinuatee 
ambituque anguste opace. 

Foliola contigua aut subimbricata, foliis subduplo breviora, basi brevi 
inserta (unde facile soluta), orbiculata, angulata, ad 4-5 bifida, sinu 
valde obtuso depresso, segmentis subacutis incurvis, raro radicelli- 
fera. 

Flores monoici; Q in ramis longiusculis—interdum in ipso caule— 
terminales, innovatione simplice, rarius iterum innovando-prolifera, 
suffulti. Bracteze foliis subeequales, paulo augustiores, subincurve, 
acuminate, grosse repandee v, subdenticulatee, ultra ? bilobee, parum 
complicate, lobulo angusto apice lineari obtuso; bracteola majuscula 
orbiculata v. late elliptica incurva, apice ad + solum obtuse bifida, 
seementis acuminulatis conniventibus. 

Perianthia majuscula foliis dimidio longiora pyriformia compressula 
rostellata acute 5-carinata, carinis rudimentarie alatis undulatis 
repandulisque subleevibus. 

Andreecia magna crebra, rami apicem vel totum fere tenentia; bractece 
pluri- (ad 15-) juga, majusculze, foliis paulo minores, ad § fissae, fere 
equilobee, turgide papulose erosula. Ramum ¢ vidi supra andree- 
cium denuo ramosum, aliis ramulis masculis, aliis normaliter foli- 
osis. 


20. StrePsI-LEJEUNEA GABRIELENSIS, Spruce. 
Hab. S. Gabriel, fluvii Negro, in cortice. 


L. inflece similis et forsan ejusdem varietas; differt autem statura 
subminore ; foliorum cellulis minoribus (,4-45"™") opacis; foliolis sub- 
minoribus fere planis, segmentis obtusatis; bracteola angustiore ad 4 acute 
bifida; perianthio minore fere turbinato subobtuse 5-carinato; amentis ¢ 
multo brevioribus folio caulino paulo longioribus, bracteis solum 3-5-jugis 
laxiusculis; (bracteola 9 38 x *28™™), 


180 TRACHY-LEJEUNEA. 


Suscenus XXI.—TRACHY-LEJEUNEA, 8. 


Plant robustiuscule, raro pusille, albicantes, siccando sepe fuscescentes, 
pro more dense stratificatee, in vivo semper aqua replete, post sicca- 
tionem haud facile emolliende. 

Caules prostrati pinnati bipinnative, valde tenaces, interdum purpurei 
sanguineive; rami ineequilongi, seepe assurgentes dein apice attenuato 
decurvi. 

Folia imbricata, plerumque pellucida, decurvo-fornicata longiora quam 
lata, seepius subacuta obtusave, rarius rotundata v. subacuminata, 
nonnunq. in eadem stirpe varia, margine e cellulis prominulis crenu- 
lata serrulatave, in unica sp. apice spinosa, facie raro sublevia, pler- 
umque asperula, in paucis muricato-asperrima, basin versus recte vel 
sinuato-complicata ; lobulus sub 4-plo brevior, raro subobsoletus; 
cellule in plurimis mediocres (;—3™™ diam.), in paucis parve— 
subbasales seepe duplo majores ocellum sistentes—pro more obtuse, 
rarius acute, in 7. L. papillata subulato-prominule, pariete plus 
minus incrassato, chlorophyllo haud copioso. 

Foliola subrotunda in pluribus parva minutave, foliis 3-7-plo minora, 
in paucis $ folium subequantia, integerrima vel rarius spinulosa— 
in unica foliis imo majora spinosaque—in omnibus levissima, ad 4-3} 
(raro ultra) bifida, segmentis acutis. Radicellee patentes valide apice 
nodoso-ramose. 

Flores in omnibus—T7. L. acanthina excepta—monoici. Fl. 2 ramo bre- 
vissimo constantes, innovatione in plurimis nulla, in perpaucis brevi 
simplice suffulti. Bracteze folis longiores, angustee, lobulatie, seepe 
faleatee hamateeque, plerumque muricato-serrulate denticulate- 
que—raro spinulosee; bracteola libera lineari-cuneata v. ovalis—raro 
orbiculata—rima angusta ad 4—} (raro ultra) bifida, interdum integra, 
seepe denticulata, in L. acanthina argute subduplo-spinosa. 

Perianthia (nonnunq.-rufula vy. etiam sanguinea) seepe angusta, clavato- 
pyriformia rotnndato-truncata rostellata, plus minus compressa 5-cari- 
nata, carinis tenuibus tuberculosis papillosis v. muriculatis, interdum 
subalatis, in paucis sp. tota facie exasperata; in 7. L. acanthina 
autem fere rotunda sublaevissima. 

Amenta ¢ ramulum brevem cauligenum, rarius rami longioris apicem 
solum tenentia; bracteze 38-6 juge parvee diandree, 


Cheilo-Lejeunea differt precipue cellulis chlorophyllosis subopacis, 
minus et nunquam acute prominulis; foliis semper rotundatis; bracteis 
integerrimis ; perianthiis compressis incurvis, demum bilabiatis, carina 
antica subnulla, posticis seepe humillimis, nunquam exasperatis. 

Harpa-Lejeunea distincta est minutie, caule breviore tenuiore minus 
pinnato, ramis 2 constanter innovatis; foliis perseepe acuminatis, lobulo 
majusculo, cellulis duplo minoribus; bracteis rarissime denticulatis; peri- 
anthiis interdum ad carinas spinoso-alatis. 

Hab. In truncis prostratis putrescentibus, in saxis vel in ipsa terra 
quartzosa, raro in cortice vivo vel in filicibus ; in planitierum sylvis 
humidis vulgate, in montibus rarissimee. 

Distr. In sylva Amazonica, ad il. Negro, Uaupés et Casiquiari praecipne, 
valde frequentes conspicuzeque, paucis speciebus autem constantes; unica 
species in Andibus Peruvianis, alt. circiter 1000™ viget. Ipse 6 species 
legi, omnes (ut videtur) novas. Ceeterze species eidem subgeneri refer- 


TRACHY-LEJEUNEA. 181 


end perpauce videntur, nisi e descriptionibus difficillime recognoscende; 
2 in ‘Syn. Hep.’ definitas haud sine dubio citare ausim, se. L. oblongifolia 
L. et G., in cortice Cinchone lecta, et L. oculata G. ex insula Hawai. 
L. papillata Mitt. autem, species Novo-Zelandica pulcherrima, certe huc 
referenda, nostre T. L. acanthine peraftinis. 


A. Ramus 2 simplex. 
a. Foliola maxima, foliis imo majora, spinosa. 


1. T. L. acanthina. Dioica. F. arcte imbricata ovalia acuminulata, 
facie insigniter tuberculosa, margine celluloso-erosa apiceque pauci- 
spina. Foliola cordato-orbiculata ultra } biloba. Bracteola foliolis 
subconformis subduplo spinosa. Per. fere orbicularis subacuta valde 
compressa alte 5-carinata fere levissima. 


b. Foliola dimidium foliwm subexcedentia. 


2. T. L. asperiflora. Robusta seepe ceespitosa. F. parum imbricata 
falcato-divergentia semioblonga, apice decurvo rotundata v. subacuta, 
papulosa, lobulo sub 4-plo breviore. Foliola subcordato-rotunda ad 
vel ultra 4 bifida. Br. foliis longiores parum complicate inequi- 
lobe; bracteola ovalis ad } anguste bifida, segmentis acuminulatis. 
Per. emersa clavato-pyriformia 5-gona, tota facie cellulis prominulis 
exasperata, 


c. Foliola folits 2-5-plo minora. 


[T. L. papillata. F. subcontigua semiovato-lanceolata subobtusa margine 
facieque cellulis subulato-prominulis asperrima, lobulo plus duplo 
breviore levi. Foliola 4 folio subminora ovalia ad 4 bifida subspinu- 
losa tenuissima levissima. Bracteola ovali-lanceolata breviter biloba 
spinulosa. Per. alte emersa pyriformi-oblonga, basi excepta, tota 
facie setulosa, alte 5-carinata.—N. Zelandia.] 

3. T. L. pellucidissima. F. late semiovata rotundata, interdum subacuta, 
erosula serrulatave, basi ocellata, lobulo 4-plo breviore. Foliola 
3-4-plo breviora ovalia ultra 4 bifida utrinque sepe 1-dentata. 
Br. oblong muricato-serrulate anguste lobulat; bractecla oblonga 
apice bidentula. Per. subemersa pyriformi-oblonga subcompressa 
5-carinata, carinis scaberulis interdum peranguste alatis. 

4. T. L. pandurantha. Caules validi rufi pinnati, ramis arcuatis, F. 
semiovato-oblonga sepius obtusata ocellata eroso-denticulata facie 
leviuscula, lobulo 5-plo breviore. Foliola lobulis eequilonga sub- 
rotundata vix ad 4 bifida. Br. denticulatee, lobulo duplo breviore ; 
bracteola ovalis obtusa integra v. bidentata. Per. vix emersa pyri- 
formia compressula, ante apicem latum constricta, alte 5-carinata, 
carinis alatis denticulatis. 


B. Ramus 2 innovatione auctus. 


5. T. L. Aquarius. Priori similis, arctius pinnata, ramis seepe parvifoliis, 
foemineis innovatis. F. acutiora—ramea subacuminata—apice ser- 
rulata, facie muricato-aspera. Per. magna alte emersa clavato-pyri- 
formia, inferne teretia, superne compressa alteque 5-carinata, carinis 
subalatis, tota facie aspera. 

6. T. L. immersa. F. ovata subacuta angulata crenulataque, lobulo 0. 
Foliola 3} folium vix equantia orbiculata ad } bifida. Br, foliis 
multo longiores lanceolate crenulats denticulateeque minute lobu- 


182 TRACHY-LEJEUNEA 


latee; bracteola oblonga subacuta integra minute denticulata. Per. 
immersa pytiformi-oblonga supra medium 5-carinata, carinis papil- 
losis. 

1, TRACHY-LEJEUNEA ACANTHINA, Spruce. (Tas. VI.) 


Hab. In Andium Peruvianorum montibus humilioribus circa oppidum 
Tarapoto, alt. pease supra saxa et truncos prostratos. 


F 6x °35, lob 153; ¢ fe3 f*°5x'5; br 9; br’ “65x °7 5 per boxeboaes 


Plant procumbentes, dense implexo-ceespitosze, albicantes, in sicco inter- 
dum fuscescentes. Caules 3-}-pollicares flexuosi ineequaliter sub- 
pinnati, basi sola radicelliferi, ramis assurgentibus arcuatis. 

Folia opaca, dense imbricata, late patula fere divergentia, apice fornicato- 
decurva, oblique ovalia oblongave acuminulata, apice inzequaliter 
dentato-spimosa, v. inciso-2-3- -dentata, dentibus cuspidatis, basin 
versus sinuato-complcata, facie tuberculoso-aspera, margine toto 
celluloso-erosa; lobulus 4-plo brevior ovatus inflatus, apice exciso- 
acutus; cellule parvulz subopace parum elongate, insigniter papu- 
loso-prominule, ad angulos valde incrassate, trigonis maximis, 
chlorophyllo parco cum cystis oleiferis curvulis anguste ovalibus 
raro subrotundis—in sicco interdum absorptis dispersisve—mixto. 

Foliola imbricata foliis parum breviora, latiora tamen superficieque foliis 
etiam majora, cordato-orbiculata, ultra 3 biloba, lobis acutatis; mar- 
gine toto externo dentato-spinosa, spinis utrinque sub 5, integerrimis 
vel szepe denticulatis. 

Flores dioici: 2 in ramo brevi longioreve terminales, innovatione nulla 
suffulti. Bracteze foliis dimidio longiores ad 4 complicato-bilobe, 
falcato-decurvee, lobo oblique ligulato-oblongo acuminato apice spinu- 
loso, lobulo parvo subulato spinuloso; bracteola foliolis paulo major, 
conformis, fere ad $ biloba, lobis tenui-acuminulatis, subduplo inciso- 
spinosa-ciliatave. 

Perianthia bracteola paulo minora, fere orbiculata, utroque fine subacuta, 
apice brevi-rostellata, basi paulo magis angustata, valde compressa, 
alte tamen 5-plicato-carinata, carinis ‘fere levissimis solum e cellula 
hic illic prominula repandulis. 

Amenta ¢ ramulum, folio caulino duplo longiorem, v. totum vy. ejus 
apicem solum tenentia, ovoidea; bractese 2— 4. -jugee, equitantes, cymbi- 
formi-complicatie, fere ‘add bilob, lobis dimicdiato-ovatis, antico sensim 
acuminato serrulato, postico + breviore triangulari-apiculato, anthe- 
ridia bina in gremio foventes. 

Obs. Notabilis est Trachy-Lejeunea acanthina ob perianthia fere levis- 
sia inermiaque foliis asperrimis spinosis nupta.  Foliolis maximis 
spinosis differt a ceteris omnibus Trachy-Lejeuners. Omnium specierum 
nostre proxima, quanquam abunde distincta, est L. papillata Mitt. in 
Hook. f. Handb. Fl. N, Zealand, p. 533, cujus descriptionem videas ad 
pedem.* 


* Lejeunea papillata Mitt. 1. c. (N. Zealand, ad filicum frondes: SrncLamn! 
in hb. Hook.)—Pusilla tenella, Z. ovata Tayl. paulo major. Caules semi- 
pollicares vage ramosi, ramis pro more brevibus. Folia subcontigua dimidiato- 
ovato-lanceolata falcata obtusa vel abrupte subacuta, margine facieque externa 
tota fere insigniter setoso-papillosa, sinuato-complicata; lobulus lobo plus duplo 
brevior ovali-fusiformis lwvissimus; cellule parvule extus subulato-prominule, 
paucwe subbasales laxiores subplane, lobuli autem minores planissime. Foliola 
4 folium vix equantia, ovalia ad medium bifida, segmentis acutis, margine 


TRACHY-LEJEUNEA. 183 


Primo visu inter Priono-Lejeuneas collocanda, sed perianthia postice 
distincte acuteque bicarinata vetant.—Priono-L. mucronata Lacoste. (in 
Venezuela lecta) nostre ob folia muriculata subafhinis; foliis abrupte 
tenui-apiculatis, foliolis ovatis profunde bifidis solum denticulatis, et 
(pre aliis) perianthiis obcordatis postice 1l-carinatis margine ciliatis, 
differt.—Priono-L. denticulata Sw., ob ramulos Q haud innovatos, folia 
subacuminata denticulata facie asperula paulo accedit; statura tamen 
lhumili, foliolis integerrimis, et perianthiis obcordatis compresso-subplanis 
margine serrato-alatis, longius distat.—Odonto-L. Peruviana Lindenb. 
foliola habet seepe magna bifida serrataque, fere ac in nostra, structura 
tamen cellularum, ramo ? prolifero, forma perianthii, etc, recedit. 

Lophocolea fulvella Tayl. (sub Chiloscypho) e Cap. Horn, et L. Gayana 
Mont. (sub Chiloseypho) e Chili, quoad habitum, folia foliolaque dentata, 
cum nostra Lejewnea singulari modo congruunt, generice tametsi longe 
distant. 

2. TRACHY-LEJEUNEA ASPERIFLORA, Spruce. (Tas. VII.) 


Hab. In sylvis humilioribus fluvii Negro prope S. Carlos, et fl. Uaupes 
juxta Panuré, in terra arenosa inter filices (Schizwas aliasque) qua- 
rum stipitibus irrepit. 

F ‘6 x °5, lob 15 x 125, ¢ pas; f'* 35 x°4; br. lob. aut 65 x°3; bra 55 
x oo, per 8 x30; 10x °4™™, 

Pallida, sat robusta, prostrata vel haud raro eczespitoso-erecta, Caules 1- 
2-pollicares flexuosi parum ramosi, seepe ramulis ? pinnulati, radi- 
cellis suis flabellatis arcte repentes vel inter se adhzerentes. 

Folia subimbricata falcato-subdivergentia, apice decurvo hamata, semi- 
cordato-ovato-oblonga rotundata, rarius abrupte obtusa vel sub- 
acuta, margine eroso-repanda, basin versus recte vel subsinuato-com- 
plicata; lobulus 4-plo brevior ovato-rhombeus inflatus, apice acuto 
incurvo; cellule parvule prominule valde pellucide, ambitu anguste 
opacie, sinuoso-hexagone, pariete ad angulos insigniter incrassato. 

Foliola foliis vix duplo breviora, contigua vel subdissita, subcordato- 
rotunda, paulo latiora quam longa, ad medium—raro ultra—bifida, 
sinu triangulari, segmentis acutis, carinata, seepe squarroso-patentia, 
margine repandulo. 

Flores monoici: ¢ in ramo brevissimo, basi foliis parvis solum unijugis 
stipato, terminales. Bractez foliis sublongiores valde falcatze involu- 
teeque ad 4 bifidee (nec semper complicate), lobo ligulato-oblongo ob- 
tusato, lobulo duplo breviore anguste lanceolato acuto; bracteola 
ovalis ad } bifida, segmentis acuminulatis contiguis forticatisve. 

Perianthia majuscula, basi a bracteis demum subremota, clavata abrupte 
subacuta—rarius rotundata—obscure rostellata, subcompressa, 5- 
gona, tota facie (ad angulos praecipue) cellulis alte prominulis exas- 
perata, demum apice 2—5-valvia. Calyptra dimidio brevior pyri- 
formis apice demum bivalvis. 

Andreecia ramulo cauligeno sistentia, vel in ramo longiore—raro in ipso 


eroso-spinulosa, ceeterum levissima, tenuissima fere vitrea. Flores monoici: 
@ in ramo brevissimo terminales, innovatione nulla. Bractez foliis minores 
oblique ovales ineequilobe ; bracteola ovali-lanceolata apice breviter biloba: 
omnes spinulose. Perianthia alte emersa pyriformi-oblonga, basi conica levi 
excepta setulosa, alte 5-carinata, carinis compressis apice rotundato-truncatis, 
Amenta g ramum brevem terminantia; bractex paucijuge majuscule turgid 
sublieves. 


184 TRACHY-LEJEUNEA. 


caule—terminalia, longispica; bracteze 5-12-jugze majuscule turgide 
diandrz laxe imbricate. 


Species insignis distinctissima, nisi pro perianthiis subzequaliter 5- 
gonis scabris inter Cheilo-Lejeuneas militaverit. 


3. TRACHY-LEJEUNEA PELLUCIDISSIMA, Spruce. 


Hab. In cortice vetusto semiputrido juxta S. Carlos del Rio Negro, pre- 
cipue secus rivulum Cauvapuna frequens; etiam ad Marabitanas, et in 
fl. Caipura (fl. Trombetas tributarii) ripis. 

F6x°5, lob *15—2, ¢ d-dh: fl 15x °125, 2°15; br “75; br'* 6x 35; 
per °8 x 5mm, 

Albescens tenera valde pellucida laxe depresso-ceespitosa. Caules in . 
matrice arcte repentes, sepe subparalleli, inferne subpinnati, apice 
longe simplices, ,aliis ramis assurgentibus apiceque decurvo radi- 
cantibus. 

Folia subimbricata decurvo-patula late semiovata rotundata, obtusa, vel 
abrupte subacuta, facie tuberculosa muriculatave, margine postico 
recto vel concavo integerrima, antico rotundato. apiceque minute 
muricato-denticulata, basi suabdecurrente complicata; lobulus 3-4-plo 
brevior ovato-fusifurmis inflatus, apice brevi involuto; cellule 
mediocres valde pellucide fere vacue, granis chlorophylli perpaucis 
sparsis, raro in annulum incompletum angustum congestis, pariete 
ad angulos vix minute incrassato, conico-prominule obtusee—mar- 
einales autem multo minores et acute, basales 6-8, cellulis mediis 
duplo longiores, in ocellum aggregatee. 

Foliola dissita, foliis 3-4- plo breviora, ‘ovalia rhombeave, ultra dimidinm 
acute bifida, seomentis angustiusculis subacuminatis, margine 
suberoso, medio utrinque szepius obtuse unidentata. 

Flores monoici: 9 in ramo brevissimo, basi foliis parvis unijugis (raro 
pluribus) stipato, terminales. Bracteve foliis longiores, falcata, ad $ 
complicato-bilobe, lobo oblique semiovali subacuto muricato-serru- 
lato, plica triplo angustiore lineari-rhomboidea, apice libero (ae. 
lobulo) lanceolato; bracteola oblonga brevissime bifida, interdum 
integra. 

Perianthia foliis longiora pyriformi-oblonga vel subclavata, compressula, 
apice rotundato-truncato obsolete rostellata, antice 1—carinata, pos- 
tice alte 2-carinata, carinis muricato-asperis, interdum supra medium 
anguste alatis. 

Amenta ¢ crebra, elongata, ramuluin totum vel ejus apicem solum sis- 
tentia; bracteze 4 L0-jugee majuscule turgidee. 


famus fertilis rarissime parum elongatus invenitur, ramulumque 
minutum, foliis 2-3-jugis vestitum—interdum masculum—profert. Ra- 
mulus autem iste pro innovatione nullomodo habendus, quam ab in- 
volucro foliis 1-2-jugis dissitus est. 


9. TracHy-LEJEUNEA PANDURANTHA, Spruce. 
Hab. In a Negro, Uaupés, ete. sylvis, supra truncos putridos, frequens. 
F 75x ‘55, lob °15; ¢ py; f °15 x15; br 1:0.x«°7%5 br? “75. xi:5; per’ Bbnx 
55, “83x °7 ath 


tobusta, flavida, prostrata, late denseque stratificata, semper aqua repleta. 


TRACHY-LEJEUNEA. 185 


Caules 2-pollicares, intricati, flexuosi, rufi purpureive, validi, tenaces, 
strato corticali e cellulis 7-seriatis magnis oblongo-quadratis pellu- 
cidis, stratis 2 v. 3 interioribus e cellulis multo angustioribus, conflati, 
inzequaliter pinnati, ramis arcuato-flexuosis seepe apice attenuatis. 

Folia rigidiuscula, paulo (vix ad 7 lat.) imbricata semiovata-oblonga sub- 
falcata, apice decurvo v. fere involuto rotundata obtusatave—ramo- 
rum interdum subacuta, facie subleevissima, margine fere toto minute 
eroso-denticulata, basi antica dilatata sed non semicordata, postice 
subrecte complicata, plicd fere recta v. parum convexd, sensim 
in folium abiens; cellule mediocres pellucida, hand incrassatie, sub- 
conformes, paucis (3-6) ad folii mediam basin ceteris duplo majori- 
bus in ocellum congestis, subplane, solum marginales obtuse 
acuteve prominulee. 

Foliola minuta, caule haud latiora, foliis 5-plo breviora, subrotunda, 
vix ad 4 usque anguste bifida, segmentis acutis integerrimis. 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo brevissimo, foliis sub 2-paribus (infimis 
minutis) vestito, terminales, innovatione nulla suffulti. Bracteze 
foliis majores, faleatee, incurvo-concavie, eroso-denticulatee, lobo 
valde oblique ovali obtuso, lobulo 4-plo angustiore sub 2-plo breviore 
acuto acuminulatove; bracteola brevior ovalis obtusa, apice vel 
integra vel seepius brevissime anguste bifida. 

Perianthia vix emersa, f. caulinis tamen sublongiora—demum elongata— 
rufa sanguineave, pyriformia compressula paulo infra apicem latum 
rotundato-truncatum subconstricta, adeo panduriformia, alte 5-cari- 
nata, carinis alé 4—5-cellulas lata, apice muricato-denticulata, tota 
fere longitudine auctis, marginalibus valde devexis. 

Andreecia cauligena, foliis sublongiora tenuia; bractese 4—6-juge parvee 
vix contiguze compresso-subglobosee turgide apice subineequaliter bi- 


lobee. 


Trachy-L. pellucidissima differt teneritate, pelluciditate, ramificatione 
sparsiore ; foliis brevioribus fere planis, facie plus minus scabris; foliolis 
solum 3-4-plo (nec 5-plo) minoribus, ultra $ bifidis; perianthiis infra 
apicem haud constrictis, carinis peranguste (vel seepe non) alatis. 7'r.-L. 
Aquarius ramo fertili innovato et foliis asperrimis longius distat. 


5. TrRacHy-LEJEUNEA AQUARIUS, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylvis precipue humilioribus ad flumen Negro superius vulgata, 
ubi ad truncos semiputridos plagas magnas densas albidas, semper 
aqua repletas, efformat. 

F 55x °45, lob -15; ¢ 4; f'% 125-15; br 8-10; br 45x33; per 
ES xno, 

Caules 3-pollicares procumbentes intricati rufescentes, validi tenacissimi, 
haud facile rupti, strato corticali e cellulis magnis pellucidis 7-seriatis, 
stratis internis 3 v. 4e cellulis multoties angustioribus, conflati, arcte 
pinnati, ramis seepe parvifoliis eleganter decurvis. 

Folia confertiuscule imbricata, late dimidiato-ovata subfaleata, apice 
devoluta, caulina abrupte oblique subacuta, ramea acutata v. subacu- 
minata, omnia e cellulis prominulis facie muriculata, margine den- 
ticulata apiceve serrulata, caulina recte, ramea sinuato-complicata, 
lobulo 4-plo breviore convoluto-inflato; cellule: parvee, (subapicales 
minute,) cuttulate, extus conics, paucee suprabasales magne elon- 
gate in ocellum coacervate, omnes parietibus subincrassatis. 

Foliola minuta foliis sub 4-plo minora, subrotunda, ad medium bifida. 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL, XV. 2A 


186 TRACHY-LEJEUNEA. 


Flores monoici: @ in ramo brevissimo terminales, innovatione simplice 
parvifolia, seepe arcuata, interdum apice mascula, suffulti. Bracteze 
foliis fere duplo longiores, vix ad 4 biloba concavee (haud com- 
plicatee), valde decurvee devoluteeve acutee, facie externa valde exas- 
peratee apice subdenticulate, lobo obovato-ovali, lobulo multo minore 
angustiore lanceolato linearive; bracteola duplo fere brevior obovato- 
lanceolata brevissime bifida, seementis obtusis, denticulata. 

Perianthia magna f. caulinis fere triplo longiora, rufa sanguineave clavato- 
pyriformia apice lato subtruncata, facie ab ipsa basi e cellulis magnis 

sy is™™.) tuberculoso-aspera, inferne fere teretia, superne sat com- 
pressa alte 5-carinata, carinis tenuibus, vel alatis, vel non, asperulis. 

Amenta ¢ sat robusta cauligena, folia caulina 2-plo superantia, alia in 
ramulo longiore terminalia; bracteze 5-10-jugee, cymbiformes, fere 
ad 4 bilobe, lobis anguste ovatis subobtusis, inferiore paulo breviore 
angustioreque; antheridia bina, 


6. Tracuy-LEJEUNEA IMMERSA, Spruce. 

Hab. Yurimaguas, fluvii Et ee in cortice. 

F 6x°5, 65x °52, ¢ sya f 25x33 br 1:0x°4; br’ 6x4; per 
6 x -3mm. 

Pallide viridis siccando fuscidula, prostrata, plagas circumscriptas efficiens; 
caules pollicares flaccidi sat ramosi, ramis implexis subassurgenti- 
bus. 

Folia subimbricata oblique ovata abrupte subacuta raro subapiculata, 
angulata vel erosula, celluloso-crenulata, basi obsolete complcata 
(lobulo 0); cellule majusculee pellucidee subelongatee. 

Foliola dissita dimidio folio minora orbiculata, paulo latiora quam longa, 
ad medium bifida, sinu segmentisque acutis, integerrima, subcon- 
cava. 

Fl. monoict; Q terminales, cum innovatione simplice; bracteze foliis multo 
longiores, suberectee, oblique lanceolatee, contortee, celluloso-crenu- 
latee et subdenticulatee vel etiam subincisie, prope basin complicate, 
plicAé minuté lineari apice subulaté; bracteola minor (folia caulina 
cequans) oblonga vel subrotunda abrupte acuta rotundatave ttegra, 
plus minus denticulata. 

Perianthia inclusa pyzifor mi-oblonga subretusa rostellata vix compressula, 

supra medium 5-carinata, carinis papilloso-cristulatis. 

an a 6 cauligena, folio zquilonga breviorave ; bracteae mediocres 

O-Juge. 


A L. pellucidissima differt ramis foemineis innovatis, foliis elobulatis, 
cellulis submajoribus, foliolis fere duplo majoribus, bracteis magis denti- 
culatis incisisve, bracteola denticulata, et perianthiis ad carinas insigniter 
papilloso- (muriculatove-) cristulatis. 


Suncenus XXII.—DREPANO-LEJEUNEA, 5. 


Plante pusille minuteve, virescentes fulveeve, in aliis hepaticis (pree- 
cipue Lejewneis) laxe reptantes, spe vix perceptibiles, raro in plagu- 
Jas densiores intricatee. Caules tenues sed tenaciusculi, laxe pinnatim 
vel swpius vage ramosi. 


DRrEPANO-LEJEUNEA. 187 


Folia dissita, primum assurgentia dein apice valide decurvo-hamata, 
elongata, 2-4-plo longiora quam lata, pro more oblique lanceolata 
acuminata acuta—raro latiora ovataque—lobulo ovato-fusiformi tur- 
gido (raro obsoleto) aucta, margine (antico preecipue) spinulosa erenu- 
latave, in paucis speciebus insigniter pectinatim laciniata, levia 
papulosave; cellule parvee vel fere minute subconformes—raro paucee 
subbasales majores ocellum sistentes—pellucide, pariete vix incras- 
sato. 

Foliola minuta, in sp. Austro-Americanis a basi integra brevissima cuneata 
biparita, cruribus 3-5 cellulas longis late divergentibus (in unica L. 
palmata erectis); in L. hamatifolia, Europea, solum bifida, basi 
integra altiore, cruribus brevioribus. 

Flores dioici, in perpaucis monoici: 9 in ramo brevi terminales, innova- 
tione simplice suffulti—in unica L. campanulata in caule ramove 
iteratim innovando-florifero. Bracteze foliis longiores seepeque multo 
latiores bilobee concave, vix complicates, lobis parum ineequalibus 
spinulosis; bracteola angusta seepe subovalis spinulosa, ad }—% bifida, 
segmentis acuminatis, pro more cum bracteis altiuscule connata, 

Perianthia ssepius emersa 5-gono-obpyramidata, rostellata, carinis in per- 
paucis inermibus, in plurimis superne spinulosis apiceque in cornu 
breve subhorizontale pungens dilatatis. 

Andreecia longispica; bracteze majusculee contiguee rotundo-naviculares 
subeequilobee, ad carinam e cellulis exstantibus pulchre moniliato- 
papulosee, monandre. 


Hab. Species Amazonicz et Andinz in foliis vivis, filicibus, et licheni- 
bus repens, necon alias hepaticas infestans, nunquam in cortice; species 
unica Kuropzea autem in fruticum cortice et in rupibus crescit. 


Distr. In America eequatoriali 8 species legi, quarum 6 Andium juga 
sylvatica, alt. 1000-3000™ habitant, 2 solum in planitie visee, earumque 
1 (L. palmifolia N.) in sylvis flum. Amazonum borealibus, super truncos 
prostratos, ad arborem pedem, etc. viget, semper autem caulibus suis 
tenacibus implexo-ramosis, foliorumque laciniis uncinatis, alias Lejewneas, 
Bazzanias, etc. arcte amplectens, imove denique exstirpans. Altera species 
amazonica est L. capulata Tayl.! (quam nullo modo a planta Taylori 
originali, in Oware Africze lecta, distinguere possum): probabiliter inter 
“L. hamatifolie vars.” ‘Synopseos Hepat.’ jam enumerata. L. hamati- 
folia Hook. vera autem, Europe occidentalis, ins. Britannicarum preci- 
pue, incola, nusquam in America mihi obvia fuit. LZ. inchoata Meissn., ex 
ins. Antillis, certe eidem subgeneri pertinere videtur; alize species sunt 
L. Ternatensis G., tenuis N., tridactyla G., trematodes N., dactylophora 
N., muricata G., insulis Malayanis et Oceanicis indigenz, plereeque L. 
paliifolie arcte affines. 


§ 1. Folia margine antico pectinatim incisa. 


1. Drepano-L. palmifolia. Dioica: Per. urceolata 5-carinata, carinis apice 
rotundo-prominulis, tota facie cellulis prominulis papulosa, ceeterum 
inermia. 


§ 2. F. solum spinuloso-denticulata v. subintegerrima. 
A. Perianthia perfecte inermia. 


Drepano-L. anoplantha. Dioica. F. hamata semilanceolata acuminata 


188 DREPANO-LEJEUNEA. 


celluloso-crenulata, facie papulosa. Per. vix emersa turgide obovata 
brevirostria, ad carinas subpapulosa. 


B. Perianthii carine superne spinis, ciliis denticulisve armata, v. saltem 
apice tr cornu subulatum porrecte (i.e. unispine). 
a. Flores monovet. 

3. D.-L. longirostris. F. hamata semilanceolata acuminata obtuse spinu- 
loso-denticulata subpapulosa. Per. emersa, obovata sensim prelonge 
rostrata, alte 5-carinata, carinis apice dilatato subulato paucispinis, 
demum apice in valvulas 5 erectas fissa. 

b. Flores divict. 

4, D.-L. capulata. Minuta. F. distantia hamata ovato-subulata apicu- 
lato-acuminata, margine antico spinulis paucis nullisve, postico 
medio spina maxima deversa armata, cellulis subplanis. Per. emersa 
obpyramidata recte truncata brevirostria, carinis 5 altis apice in 
cornu acuminatum ciliatum porrectis. 

5. D.-L. lichenicola.  F. iis pr. similia, magis spinuloso-denticulata. Per. 
subimmersa rotundo-obovata brevirostria 5-gona, angulis parum 
prominulis subdenticulatis apice in cornua brevi-triangularia dila- 
tatis. 

6. D.-L. infundibulata. F. fere plana semiovata triangulariave acuta 
muricato-subserrulata. Per. maxima clavata brevirostria—demum 
(ore hiante) infundibulata—supra medium 5-carinata, carinis in 
subulam latam peracutam subhorizontalem apice dilatatis, caeterum 
inermibus. 

D.-L. campanulata. F. subplana hamatave anguste lanceolata acumi- 
nata subdenticulata, ad lobuli apicem subspinulosa. Per, vix emersa 
urceolata humiliter 5-carinata, carinis apice 2-3 spinis, demum (ore 
hiante recurvo 12—15-dentato) companulata, 

8. D.-L. planiuscula. F. subplana ovato-lanceolata subacuminata spinu- 
loso-denticulata. Per. subemersa urceolata, apice truncato clauso 
brevirostria, preealte 5-carinata, carinis superne in alam paucilacinia- 
tam dilatatis, 

[D.-L. hamatifolia ab omnibus prioribus differt foliolis solum bifidis (nec 
bipartitis), obtriangularibus, sinu apicis lato sublunulato, lobis brevi- 
subulatis basi 3c. (raro solum 2 ¢.) latis. F. iis L. capulate et 
lichenicole subsimilia, apice minus attenuata, spina posticd carentia, 
margine antico rude 3-4 dentata. Per. prxelonga pyriformia sensim 
brevirostria, acute 5-gona, carinis superne setoso-spinosove-alatis. 
—Britannia, &e. | 


~ 


1. DrEPANO-LEJEUNEA PALMIFOLIA, Nees. 
In Mart. Fl. Bras. I. 1, 366. Syn. Hep. 347. 

Hab. Ad flumen Amazonum fere totum, praecipueque secus ejus tribu- 
tarios boreales, fl. Negro, Uaupés, Casiquiari, ete., in truncis decisis, 
ad arborum pedem in rupibus, ete., semper fere supra alias Hepaticas 
(Pazzanias, Micropterygia, ete.) vel muscos repens. Cel. Martius 
primum invenit. 

F -4x°'3; lob ‘125; ¢ py; f' 08; br ‘5; bria 45x °25, 85x ‘25; per 6x 
omm, 

Pusilla, fulva rufescensve, prostrata, in tegeticulam densam intricata. 
Caules pollicares, parce et subpinnatim ramosi, tenues sed tenaces. 


DREPANO-LEJEUNEA. 189 


Folia dissita, a basi assurgente hamato-decurva, falcato-dimidiata, semi- 
ovata, in acumen late subulatum acutum sensim angustata, margine 
postico (concavo) integerrima, antico profunde inciso-ciliata—quasi 
pectinata—ciliis 5-10, mediis longioribus caulique parallelis (ramu- 
lorum tenuiorum nonnunguam ad dentem unicum magnum redactis), 
sinuato-complicata; lobulus folio 3-plo brevior, semiovatus turgidus, 
dente apicali incurvo abscondito; cellule parvule, subconformes 
(ocellis nullis) paulo elongatz subpapulosse, vix incrassatee, pellu- 
cide et fere vacuze.—In planta viva cellule foliorum paucee—soli- 
tarize vel lineatee—dense chlorophyllose, ceteris cellulis vacuis. 

Foliola minuta, basin fere adusque bipartita, laciniis subulato-setaceis, 
4-5 cellulis (plerumque uniseriatis) constantibus, erectis, parallelis. 

Flores dioici: ? in ramo brevi terminales, innovatione simplice suffulti. 
Bractez, fl. sterilium incurvo-conniventes, fl. fertilium suberecte, 
obovate, foliis submajores, ad 4 subineequaliter bifidee, vix compli- 
cate, seementis tenui-acuminatis laciniatis—fere pinnatifidis—laciniis 
subulatis subhorizontalibus ; bracteola oblongo-lanceolata, ad 4-5 
bifida, profunde laciniata, lobis valde attenuatis. 

Perianthia foliis dimidio longiora suburceolata (a basi conica ovato- 
oblonga) subretusa, rostellata, supra medium 5-carinata, carinis apice 
rotundo-prominulis, 2 posticis (v. omnibus) apice abrupte dilatatis, 
alas auriculasve fingentibus, tota facie papulosa, ad carinarum apicem 
cellulis pellucidis extantibus moniliata. 

Amenta ¢ terminalia elongata julacea; bracteze ad 20-jugee imbricata 
subzequaliter complicatze cymbiformes, lobis semiovatis acuminatis, 
ad carinam celluloso-moniliatee. 


2. DREPANO-LEJEUNEA ANOPLANTHA, Spruce. 


Hab. In M. Campana, supra Lej. porelloidem S. repens. S. Gabriel et S. Carlos 
del Rio Negro; necnon ad fl. Vaupés ripas in truncis vetustis. 

F -35 x ‘1; lob *125; ¢ AG; f™ 1; br °4; brit 35 x°2; per “4x 3mm, 

Pusilla fulva dense prostrato-ceespitosa. Caules 4—}-pollicares laxe 
pinnati v. subfasciculato-ramosi, ramique seepe elongati. 

Folia dissita assurgenti-subsecunda, apice deorsum hamata, suberecta (axi 
cauli fere parallelé) anguste semilanceolata acuminata acuta, facie 
papulosa, margine celluloso-crenulata, sinuato-complicata; lobulus 
3-plo brevior ovato-rotundus, e convolutione ovato-fusiformis, tur- 
gidus, margine inflexo cum caule angulum 45° efformante, apice 
obtuse recte prominulo ; cellule parvee pellucida subconformes. 

Foliola fere 4-plo breviora, appressa, cuneata, bipartita, cruribus 3-4 c¢. 
longis, basi 2, superne 1 ¢., latis, angulo subacuto divergentibus, 
basi folioli integra 2 cell. alta. 

Fl. dioici: @ in ramo seepe perbrevi, terminales, innovatione simplice 
suffulti. Bracteze foliis paulo longiores, multo latiores (arte ex- 
planatze snubrotunde), antice posticeque (mediante bracteola) basi 
connate, conniventi-concavee, vix ad 4 biloba, lobis haud complicatis, 
ovali-lanceolatis acuminatis pauci-spinulosis, lobulis perpaulo mino- 
ribus, altero breviore mutico; bracteola ovali-cuneata, ad 4—$ bifida, 
seomentis subacuminatis subspinulosis. 

Perianthia vix emersa turgide obovata altiuscule 5-carinata brevi-rostel- 
lata inermia, fere leevissima, solum ad carinas subpapulosa. 

Amenta ¢ terminalia; bractez paucijugee majuscule rotundo-galeiformes 


190 DREPANO-LEJEUNEA, 


compressulz ore truncato vix bifidule, ad carinam cellulis ex- 
stantibus pellucidis uniseriatis quasi moniliatee. 


Planta Uaupensis ¢ folia habet tenui-acuminata minus papulosa ; 
bracteas sublongiores (‘5™™), 


3. DREPANO-LEJEUNEA LONGIROSTRIS, Spruce. 
Hab. In M. Tunguragua, supra filices (Hymenophylla) repens, alt. 2400™. 


fF ‘4x 1S. = 35 lob “153 Cc wb fi ‘08; br ‘4; per “65 x4 ane 
inclusis), rostellum *15™™, 


Pusilla rufo-badia. Caules } poll. vage v. subpinnatim ramosi, ramis 
seepe ascendentibus, raro aliis superne parvfoliis. 

Folia subdissita pleraque assurgenti-subsecunda apice deorsum valide 
hamata, alia tamen (latiora) planiora solum apice decurvula, dimi- 
diato-lanceolata sensim acuminata acuta, margine (sepe valide re- 
curvo) spinuloso-denticulata, dentibus obtusiusculis ineequalibus, uno 
alterove supra lobuli sinum czeteris seepius submajore, subpapulosa ; 
lobulus fere 3-plo brevior ovoideus turgidus apice acuto occulto ; 
cellule parvulee parum elongate vix incrassatee parum chlorophyl- 
losee, suprabasales longiores vix autem in ocellum aggregate. 

Foliola minuta foliis 5-plo breviora bipartita, basi 2-8 ¢. alta, segmentis 
divergentibus 4-5 c. longis, basi 2 ¢., apice le. latis, radicellis in 
haustorium peltatum szepissime colligatis. 

Fl. monoici: @ in ramo sepe perbrevi terminales, cum innovatione 
simplice. Bracteze foliis caulinis subzequales utrinque alte connate, 
suberectee, ineequaliter bilobee, lobo subulato, lobulo subquadrato 
bifido, spinoso-denticulatee; bracteola brevior subrectangularis ad 4 
bifida, segmentis subacuminatis. 

Perianthia altiuscule emersa obovato-obpyramidata, alte 5-carinata, 
carinis sub apice horizontaliter dilatato subulato paucispinis, supra 
carinas in rostellum prelongum validum elongata, denum_ 5-fida 
valvulis tamen (cum rostelli laciniis lmnearibus) fere erectis. 

Andrcecia ramos terminantia; bracteee pauci-plurijugee majusculee com- 
plicato-naviculares, biloba, lobo anteriore submajore cuspide aucto, 
ad carinam plus minus cellulis pellucidis moniliate. 


4, DREPANO-LEJEUNEA CAPULATA, Tayl. 
In Lond. Journ. Bot. 1846, p. 394. 


Hab. Ad fl. Negro et Uaupés, in arborum foliis, imo in plantis herbaceis 
(e.g. in Dithyrocarpi sp.), seepe alias Lejeuneas infestans, 


#25 x 07, °2x°1, lob “1-12; ¢ Fy-do 3 (f"" 3c. longa;) br 3; per °35-"4 x 
3mm (sine spins). 


Minuta viridis effusa. Caules }-} poll. parum ramosi, raro subpinnati, 
ramis paucis elongatis. 

Folia distantia patula assurgentia apice valide hamata, ovato-subulata 
acuminata, apice tenui cellulas 3 uniseriatas constante, basi cum 
lobulo (duplo breviore, fere eequilato) in sacculum ovoideum apice 
obtuse prominulum convoluta, margine postico ad lobuli apicem 
spina maxima swepe deorstum spectante armata, caeterum subintegge- 
rimo, antico pauci-(sub 3-) spinuloso integerrimove, haud raro expla- 


DrREPANO-LEJEUNEA. 191 


nata, v. (lobulo obsoleto) cuneato-lanceolata fere ad medium usque 
bi-tridentata, dente spinave media longiore; cellule minute, ob- 
longo-5-6-gon, subplanze, subpellucidee. 

Foliola minuta, bipartita, cruribus subulatis 3-4 ¢. longis subdivergen- 
tibus. 

Fl. dioici: Q in ramo brevi terminales, innovatione simplice suffulti. 
Bractez foliis majores erectze altiuscule connate bilobee laxe compli- 
cate, ciliate v. saltem spinulose, lobo acuminato, lobulo truncato- 
bi-tri-ciliato; bracteola vix ad medium bifida, segmentis subacumin- 
atis, oblonga. 

Perianthia emersa, f. caulinis fere duplo longiora, obpyramidata late 
recte truncata brevi-rostellata, alte 5-carinata, carinis apice in cor- 
nua triangulari-acuminata ciliata—raro solum spinulosa—horizon- 
taliter dilatata. 

Andreecia terminalia, interdum longispica; bracteze subcontigua majus- 
culee rotundo-naviculares, carina celluloso-moniliatee. 


E. foliis “ singulari dente spinoso prope lobulum ad instar siee manu- 
brii armatis” certe eadem ac L. capulata Tayl., in Oware Africee a PALISOT 


lecta, videtur. De bracteis involucri ciliatis tamen cl. auctor mentionem 
haud fecit. 


5. DrepaNo-LEJEUNEA LICHENICOLA, Spruce. 
Hab. In M. Guayrapata, super lichenes (Stictas) repens. 


Facie, magnitudineque D.-L. capulate aliisque sat similis, diversa tamen 
caracteribus sequentibus.—Folia hamata, supra basin inflato-lobula- 
tam late falcato-subulata, apice tenui acuta, margine inequaliter 
spinoso-denticulata, dente supra-lobulari ceteris majore (ut in 
plurimis congeneribus) ; cellule subplanz subelongatze, ocelliformes 
pro more nullew.—Foliolorum crura latissime divaricata 3-4 c¢. 
longa.—F lores dioici.—Perianthia subimmersa rotundo-obovata-urce- 
olatave brevissime rostellata, 5-gona, angulis parum prominulis sub- 
denticulatis, apice tamen in cornua brevi-triangularia acuta parum 
assurgentia dilatata. 


6. DrRePANO-LEJEUNEA INFUNDIBULATA, Spruce. 

Hab. Chimborazo, in folio, cum aliis Lejewneis intexta. 

F 4x °25; lob 125; ¢ g4-A5; f :08; br -45; per 8 x -38™™, 

Pusilla, pallida, tenuis. Caules }-pollicares prostrati subramosi. 

Folia subdissita, fere plana, apice decurvula, a basi constricta abrupte 
dilatata, dimidiato-ovata—caulina latiora subtriangularia—subacu- 
minata v. solum acuta, hic illic muricato-serrulata, dente supra- 
lobulari interdum majore, subsinuato-complicata ; lobulus plus 3-plo 
brevior ovato-oblongus turgidus exciso-acutus; cellule minutule 
leptodermes fere vacuz parum elongate, ocelliformes nulle, 

Foliola minuta bipartita, cruribus setaceis 2-4 ¢. longis seepe valde 
divaricatis. 

Flores dioici; 2 in ramo brevi terminales, cum innovatione. Bractez 
foliis vix majores suberecte alte connate, ad } bilobe ; lobo lanceo- 
lato acuiminato, lobulo brevi truncato-bidentello, spinuloso-subser- 
rate; bracteola fere ad } bifida. 

Perianthia maxima, f. caulinis 2-plo longiora, clavata—demum (ore fisso, 


192 DREPANO-LEJEUNEA, 


paululum hiante) infundibuliformia—basi angusta, supra medium 5- 
carinata, carinis superne in subulam latam peracutam fere hori- 
zontaliter dilatatis, rostello breviusculo. Capsula paulo exserta, 


L. campanulata foliis latis subplanis affinis, differt perianthio multo 
breviore turgido urceolato, carinis apice spinis armatis, 

Anne eadem ac “ L. tenuis Nees” (S. H. 390, n. 199) quoad plantam 
Guianensem? A, L. tenui, typica, Javanica, tamen distincta videtur, 


7. DrEPANO-LEJEUNEA CAMPANULATA, Spruce. 


Hab. In M. Tunguragua, Chimborazo et Azuay, alt. 3000, super filices et 
arborum folia repens, seepe cum ge ee ee admixta, 


F5x°15, 4°08; lob °10-15; cb; f' 07; br ‘55; per 5 x -25™m, 


Pusilla pallida fulvave ; caules 4 eee ae valde intricato-ramosi, 
laxe pinnati et bipinnati, radicellosi, 

Folia dissita assurgentia, plus minus hamata v. solum apice decurvula, 
oblique anguste Janceolata sensim acuminata acuta subdenticulata, 
ad lobuli apicem subspinulosa, raro fere integerrima, margine plano 
v. recurvulo, subsinuato-complicata ; lobulus sub 4-plo brevior 
ovoideus turgidus exciso-acutus ; cellule parvee minutulzeve oblongo- 
hexagon subpellucide haud incrassate, marginalibus exceptis sub- 
planz, pauce inferiores majores vacuee, sparsee vel in ocellum agere- 
gate. 

Foliola 7-plo minora bipartita, segmentis angulo recto divergentibus 
subulato-setaceis breviusculis (3-4 ¢. longis). 

Flores dioici: @Q in ramo brevissimo, innovatione simplice suffulti ; 
raro in ipso caule (velin ramo) iterum prolifero, terminales. Bracteze 
erecto-hamatee, utrinque alte connate, foliis subeequilongse, Ineequa- 
liter ultra medium bilobee, subspinulos: e, lobo lanceolato-subulato 
acuto, lobulo subquadrato apice bidentato; bracteola angusta ad 4 
bifida, segmentis acutis. 

Perianthia vix emersa urceolata tenuia pellucida, minus alte 5-carinata, 
carinis apice 2-3-spinosis, demum—vel szepius ab initio—ore hiante 
recurvo inciso 12-15-dentato, companulata. 

Plante ¢ cum @ intexte, vix extricabiles. Androecia in ramis termin- 
alia; bracteze seepius plurijugee majuscule contiguee naviculares 
apice bifidee; lobis subacutis, antico paulo majore, ad carinam 
cellulis pellucidis extantibus muriculate, 


L. longirostris certe distineta erit: colore saturate rufo; foliis sublatiori- 
bus magis spinulosis valde hamatis, cellulis submajoribus; preecipue autem 
peri: anthiis longioribus longissime rostratis, carinis infra rostellum hori- 
zoutaliter dilatatis spinosisque, fructu egresso, fere clausis, rostello autem 
5-fido, laciniis linearibus suberectis. 


8. DrEPANO-LEJEUNEA PLANIUSCULA, Spruce. 
Hab. In M. Tunguragua, Guayrapata, Campana, ete., super arborum folia, 
lichenes, etc., seepe aliis Lejeunets consociata. 
F 5x3, lob 1-125; ¢ go—pg; f' °125; br 5; brit 45x °15 5 per -6 x 
*55™™ (lis inclusis) ). 


Pusilla, pallida viridisve; caules } poll. prostrati pinnatim ramosi, ramis 
assurventibus, aliis apice sensim minutifoliis. 


a 


DREPANO-LEJEUNEA. 19: 


Le% 


Folia dissita patentia dimidiato-ovato-lanceolata lanceolatave subacumi- 
nata acuta inequaliter spinuloso-denticulata, raro subintegerrima, 
pleraque subplana, pauca deorsum subhamata, subrecte complicata ; 
lobulus 4-5-plo brevior ovoideus inflatus, acuminulato-acutus; cel- 
lule minutule subeequilaterze leptodermes, marginalibus exceptis 
subplane, inferiores sensim longiores pauce (nullave) majores 
vacuee ocelliformes. 

Foliola 4-plo breviora bipartita, cruribus subulato-setaceis 4-5 ¢. longis 
angulo preelato, seepe 180°, divaricatis, 

Flores dioici: @ in ramo persxpe brevi termiinales, cum innovatione 
simplice. Bractez foliis subzequales, erectz, fere libere, biloba, vix 
complicate, subspinulose, lobo subulato-acuminato, lobulo multo 
breviore apice bidentato; bracteola angusta fere linearis apice bifida. 

Perianthia subemersa urceolata praalte 5-carinata, apice lato recte trun- 
cato clauso brevissime rostellata, carinis apice dilatatis alaque pauci- 
laciniata auctis. 

Andreecia terminalia seepe polyphylla; bracteze rotundo-naviculares sub= 
equaliter complicate: submtticee, ad carinam pellucido-muricate. 


L. inchoata Meissn. (Syn. H. 343) descripta est “foliis divergentibus 
sursumque Yersis,” .. . “amphigastriis ovato-triangularibus;” ceterum 
nostrati tam similis quod eandem speciem esse fere censerem. 


Obs. At Baiios, at the foot of Tunguragua, I gathered a form beset with 
a thick coating of adventitious ramuli, arising either from the leaves or 
(rarely) from the branches. They bear leaves redticed almost. entirely to 
the basal sac, beyond which the lobe projects as a small triangular denti- 
form limb.—The flagelliform branches of the normal state bear small 
pellucid ovate acute leaves almost or quite destitute of basal sac. 


Suscenus XXIIL—LEPTO-LEJEUNEA, S. 


Pisilla, matrici arctissime adherens, planissima, pallide viridis flavidave 
raro fuscidula; Caules }-1 poll. longi, sape in orbem radiati, pinna- 

tim ramosi. 

Folia horizontalia, dissita contigtiave, siccando immutata v. recurvo-crispa, 
pro more anguste oblonga, 2-3-plo longiora quam lata, rotundata, 
rarius subacuta, rarissime 2—3-cuspidata, integerrima v. rarissime hic 
illic paucidenticulata, recte complicata; lobulus 2-4-plo brevior rhom- 
boidevis subplanus interdum obsoletus; cellule mediocres, pariete 
subincrassato vel non; inferiores paucs perseepe duplo majores in 
ocellum irregularem ageregatie. 

Foliola parva bipartita, basi brevissime late cuneata, segmentis setaceis 
divergentibus, elongatis—raro basi altiora, cruribus ad cellulam 
unicam redactis. 

Flores monocici; in paticis dioici: 9 in ramo brevissimo terminales—quasi- 
laterales, innovatione in perpaucis brevi simptice, in plurimis nulla, 
suffulti. Bracteze foliis subequimagnee parum inequilobee, seepius 
obtuse, integerrimee vel serrulatee, cum bracteola lanceolata bifida 
alte connate. ‘ ; 

Perianthia emersa obpyramidato-5-carinata, carinis apice dilatato trun- 


TRANS, BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 238 


194 LEPTOU-LEJEUNEA. 


catis—interdum in cornu subulatum subhorizontale protractis, 
leevibus v. apice scabris. 
Andrecia ramulum totum vy. ejus apicem solum tenentia; bractez 
3-6-jugee foliis paulo minores laxiusculz, diandrie. 
Hab, fere constanter foliicola, in arboribus, raro etiam in herbis fili- 
cibusque; rarissime in ramulorum cortice. In planitie abundant, in mon- 
tibus humilioribus rariores, altioribus omnino exules. 


Distr. In sylva Amazonica, rarius etiam in Andium devexis tam occi- 
dentalibus quam orientalibus, paulo supra 1000™ ascendentes, 6 species 
legi, quarum 3 novas; ceterum L. elliptica L. et L. per Americam tropi- 
cam late dispersa est; L. polyrhiza Nees et crucianella Tayl. jam antea in 
Guiana Gallica et Anglica invente fuerunt. E regione paleotropica 
habemus L. vitrea Nees (Java, Manila, etc.) et L. elliptica (ex insulis 
oceanicis et Ceylon). 

§1. Rami 2 simplices. 
A. Flores monoict. 


1. L.-L. elliptica. F. oblongo-lanceolata obtusa v. subacuta basi parvi- 
ocellata ; cellule leptodermes. Foliolum infraaflorale parvulum 
cuneatum integrum. Br. cuneate ad } bifidee. Perianthia breviter 
obpyramidata, carinis truncato-cornutis integerrimis, 

2. L.-L. exocellata. F. obovato-lanceolata exocellata ; cellule pariete 
subincrassato. Foliolum infraflorale majusculum truncato-bicuspi- 
datum, Br. late lineares breviter bifide. 


B. Flores dioici. 


3. L.-L. ligulata. F. ligulato-oblonga fere 3-plo longiora quam lata. 
Foliolum infraflorale magnum pentagonum truncato-biapiculatum. 
Per. clavato-pyriformia, carinis apice in cornu subulatum dilatatis. 


§ 2. Rami 2 innovatione brevi simplice auctt. 

4, L.-L. polyrhiza. F. in sicco flavida rhomboideo-oblonga basin versus 
plerumque grandi-ocellata. Per. urceolata 5 carinata, carinis superne 
alzformibus, apice truncato (angulo externo peracuto) subspinulosis. 

§ 3. Fl. 2 ignoti. 


5. L.-L. crucianella. F. rhomboidea apice 3-cuspidata. Foliola bipartita, 
cruribus setaceis, altero seepe obsoleto. 

6. L.-L. trigonostipa. F. lanceolata acuta obsolete denticulata, ocellata. 
Foliola obtriangularia apice przlato truncato minute biapiculata. 


1. Lepro-LEJEUNEA ELLIPTICA (L. et L.) 


Jung. elliptica L. et Lg. in Lehm. Pug. V, 13; Lejewnea e. Syn. Hep. 403. 

Hab. In sylvis fl. Negro, ad arborum folia, frequens, precipue juxta 
cataractas.—Per Americam tropicam dispersa videtur, 

F -35x‘18; lob 1v0; ¢ 4; f* 32; br 3-35; dr'* 35x85 per 
35 x25; br f 15mm, 


Late effusa, tenuissima, pallide viridis, sicceando subfuscescens difficillime 
emollitura, Caules arcte repentes }-}-pollicares laxe pinnati, 


LEPTO- LEJEUNEA. 195 


Folia dissita subplana oblique oblongo-lanceolata (long.=2 lat.) v. sub- 
rhomboidea, obtusa v. subacuta, exocellata v. sepius ocello parvo 
subbasali quasi-perforata, recte complicata ; lobulus 3-plo brevior 
subrectangularis acutus subinflatus; cellule subparve valde lepto- 
dermes fere vacux, marginales paulo minores subquadratz, inferiores 
sensim submajores, una alterave ceteris duplo majore ocellum 
sistente. 

Foliola bipartita, basi integra brevissima cuneata; crura setacea tenuis- 
sima 3c. longa subdivergentia. 

Flores monoici: Q in ramo brevissimo terminales, innovatione nulla. 
Folium infraflorale unicum parvum subrotundum, foliolum par- 
vulum cuneatum integerrimum. Bractee f. caulinis subsequilongee 
cuneate ad } bifidee, lobis triangularibus acutis, postico subminore; 
bracteola basi utrinque connata linearis v. subeuneata breviter bifida, 
segmentis acutis: omnes integerrime. 

Perianthia vix emersa obpyramidata brevissime rostellata, 5-carinata, 
carinis superne sensim dilatatis apice truncatis acutis integerrimis. 

Andreecia ramulo cauligeno sistentia, raro ramum terminantia; bractez 
sub 3-juge laxiuscule foliis plus duplo breviores ovoideo-rotund 
subeequilobe. 


2. Lepto-LEJEUNEA EXOCELLATA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruviz ad Tarapoto, in foliis vivis. 


F -45x°25, lob “1 v.03; ¢ ge; fl ‘1; br. 3; per °5x‘3; andrecia 
4-5 x 4mm, 


Pusilla pallida in sieco subfuscescens, tenera, in maculas circumscriptas 
prostrata. Caules }-}-pollicares arcte repentes pinnatim ramosi. 
Folia dissita pellucida plana suboblique ovali-vel obovato-lanceolata sub- 
acuta, rarius obtusata, exocellata; lobulus rectus parvus rhomboideus 
incurvus, interdum obsoletus; cellule subparvee hexagonze, marginales 
quadratze, subobscuree, intus sinuatze, parietibus subincrassatis, paucee 
subbasales .ceteris sensim submajores neque in ocellum aggregate, 

omnes subplanz. 

Foliola distantia bipartita, disco radicellifero cum cruribus subulato- 
setaceis 4 cell. longis divergentibus constantia. 

Flores monoici: @ im ramo simplice brevissimo, folio unico parvo 
rotundo folioloque majusculo 5-gono-rotundo, apice lato truncato 
bicuspidato, stipato, terminales. Bracteze foliis $ breviores ligulatze 
v. lato-lineares subplanze (nec complicate) bracteolaque conformis 
basi connata apice breviter bifidze, segmentis erectis linearibus obtusis, 
integerrime. 

Perianthia emersa f. caulinis sublongiora obpyramidato-pyriformia, szepe 
ineurva, 5-carinata, vix rostellata, carinis superne sensim dilatatis, 
apice lato subhorizontaliter truncatis v. 2 posticis in cornua brevis- 
sima porrectis, sublzevissimis. 

Andreecia cauligena, pro plantula magna, ovato-globosa, compressa ; 
bracteze subtrijugee confertze foliis fere eequimagnze obtuse complicate 
eequilobze, brevissime bifidze, lobis dimidiisve fere semicircularibus 
obtusis ; antheridia bina magna, 


_ Alia specimina ex eodem loco bracteas habent magis profunde bifidas 
lobis subineequalibus, bracteola subacuta. 


196 Lrepro-LEJEUNEA. 


Forsan pro var. L, elliptice habenda, differt autem statura submajore, 
foliis interdum basi angustatis (i.e. obovato-lanceolatis), constanter exo-= 
eellatis, cellulis obscurioribus subpachydermibus, jfoiiole infraflorala con- 
spicuo pentagono bicuspidato, perianthio majore, bracteis perangustis, 


3. Lepto-LEJEUNEA LIGULATA, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylva Amazonica haud infrequens, circa 8. Gabriel fluvii Negro 
preecipue, raro fertilis. 

f’-4x +15, lob ‘1, o g™™; fi 3-4 cellulas longa; br 353; per 8x ‘*35™™. 

Pusilla arcte repens viridis, siccando fusca nigrescensve, haud facile emol- 
lienda. Caules in orbem diametro pollicarem radiati, subbipinnati, 
ramis sparsis, raro intricatis, 

Folia distantia patentia plana, siccando recurvo-crispula, ligulato-oblonga- 
lanceolatave, triplo fere longiora quam lata, obtusata, subrecte com- 
plicata; lobulus 4-plo brevior ovato-fusiformis inflatus; cellulee par- 
vulz subconformes 4-6-gonee, parum elongate pellucids (fuscidule 
tamen), chlorophyllo parco, pariete ad angulos et media latera sub- 
incrassato, 

Foliola distantia minuta bipartita, eruribus divaricatis subulato-setaceis 
3-4 cellulas longis, basi 2 cell. latis. 

Flores dicici: .2 in ramo perbrevi, foliis minutis unijugis (vel unico) 
cum foliolo magne diftormi, stipato, terminales, innovatione nulla. 
Bractez foliis caulinis subbreviores, obovate ad 4 bilobe, lobis 
obtusatis, postico paulo angustiore; bracteola utrinque cum bracteis 
altiuscule connata lanceolata ad } bifida, segmentis acuminulatis. 
Foliolum infraflorale (sive bracteola exterior) caulinis valde diversum, 
dimidium folium excedens, orbiculari-pentagonum, apice truncato- 
biapiculatum, textura firma subopaca. 

Perianthia alte emersa clavato-pyriformia, superne 5-carinata, carinis in 
cornua breviuscule subulato-acuminata patentia protractis, 


A L. polyrhize floribus dioicis, ramo 9 haud innovato, foliis lohulatis 
exocellatis, cornibus perianthii patentibus, bene distincta, 


4, Lepro-LEJEUNEA POLYRHIZA, Nees, 
In G. L, et N. Syn. Hep. 403, 


Hab. In sylva Amazonica, precipue ad fl, Negro superiorem, frequens, 
foliicola; etiam in Guiana Gallica., 

f 35 x "2, 23x15; ¢ Bh—dg; fi ‘15; br. lob. 35; br -35 x°13; per “4x 
Boman, 

Pusilla, viridis, siccando flavida, sat facile emotlitura, arcte repens. 
Caules 4-4 poilicares, pinnati et bipinnati, rami crebri—szepe eodem 
numero ac folia caulina—ramulique paucifolii, foliis ad singulum 
rainulum 8-5-juvis, 

Folia contigua patula (angulo axiali 70°) swbassurgentia, rhomboideo- 
eblonga subacuta v. seepius obtusata, plana, margine autem recurvulo 
repando opaco, ocellata; lobulus seepissime 0, ramorum rariu 
praesens, 4 folio paulo brevior, Hineari-rhomboideus apiculato-acutua 
subplanus; cellulase medize parvule pellucidee vix incrassatee, 2-1¢ 
inferioves duplo rmajores v sparse y. seepius in lineam maculamoO 


_ Lepro- LEJEUNEA, 197 


eollectee, marginales autem mediis 4 minores opacee; omnes parum 
prominule. 

Foliola bipartita: crura divaricata, fere horizontalia, setacea, cellulas 4-6 
uniseriatas (basi sola biseriatas) longa, ramorum breviora minus 
divergentia. Radicellee in discum radiate, seepe in mucum solute. 

Flores monoici: ? in ramo brevi, foliis 1-2-jugis vestito, raro longiore, 
terminales, innovatione brevi (foliis 2-3-jugis stipatis) suffulti. 
Foliolum inftraflorale ovale, ultra $ bifidum, segmentis acuminatis. 
Bractez foliis equilong serrulate, cum bracteola zquilonga lanceo- 
lata, ad 4 bifida, segmentis acuminatis, alte connate, bilobze sub- 
complicate, lobo ovali obtuso acutove, lobulo paulo breviore duplo 
angustiore apice bidentulo. 

Perianthia paulo emersa late obpyramidato-urceolata vix compressa 5- 
carinata, carinis superne aleeformi-dilatatis truncatis apiceque triangu- 
lari acuto v. subacuminato papillosis spinulosisve, apice ipsius peri- 
anthii conum humillimum sistente. : 

Andreecia ramos terminantia; bracteze sub 3-jugze laxiusculz foliis sensim 
minores cymbiformes inzequaliter bilobe. 

Ad 8. Gabriel advenit altera forma foliis minus conspicue ocellatis, 
margine pellucente vix recurvulo celluloso-erosulo, androeciis lateralibus. 


5. Lepto-LEJEUNEA CRUCIANELLA, Tay]. 
In Lond, Journ. Bot. (1846), p. 293. G. L. et N. Syn. Nep. 757. 


Hab. Mandos, ad fl. Negro ostia, in arborum foliis et filicibus repens. 
Demerara, in Redule sp. repens (fide Taylor). 

F “18 x “08, Joh -07™™, 

Minuta viridis, siccando fuscidula. Caules 4-pollicares arcte repentes 
laxe subpinnati. 

Folia dissita rhomboidea vel rectangulari-oblonga, apice plerumque 3- 
cuspidata, dente medio triangulari-acuminato vel late subulato, 
antico seepe obsoleto, recte complicata (vel non); lobulus vix triplo 
brevior rhomboideus planus vel convoluto-subinflatus, persepe 

_ _ nullus; cellulz parvulze subconformes subelongate. 

Foliola bi-(raro uni-) crura, interdum obsoleta; cruribus subulato- 
setaceis 4 cell. longis. 

Flores dioici: 2 non aderant. Andreecia in ramis terminalia subju- 
lacea; bracteze 3-5-jugee, foliis paulo breviores oyoidez mutica, 


6. Lepro-LEJEUNEA TRIGONOSTIPA, Spruce. 
Hab. Chimborazo, in arboris folio, aliis Lejewneis immixta, 
F 55 x ‘25, lob -18; ¢ 3™™. 


Pusilla tenuis flaccida, pallida, siccando fuscidula, Caules 4-pollicares 
prostrati laxe pinnati. 

Folia dissita patula fere plana lanceolata acuta hie illic cellula exstante 
erenulata denticulatave, recte complicata; lobulus 3-plo brevior, 
solum ad plicam inflatus, ovalis truncatus apiculato-acutus; cellule 
leptodermes, vix chlorophylliferee, paucee (sub 8) basin versus ezeteris 
longiores, vacuze, szepe in series 2 contiguas lineares congeste, 

Folicla minuta obtriangularia apice prelate truncato utrinque cellula 
unica parva apiculata, radicellifere—seepe tam foliola quam radi- 
cellz in mucum soluta. 


198 LEptTo-LEJEUNEA. 


Amenta ¢ f. caulino duplo longiora; bracteze laxe julaceo-imbricate sub 
6-juge subrotundo-saccatee compresse. 

Foliis L. stenophylle L. et G. Syn. Hep. 769, sat similis, foliolis longe 
diversa, 


Suscenus XXIV.—CHRATO-LEJEUNEA, 8S. 


Plants pusilla vel sat robust, colore lurido scepissime insignes, nitidze 
tamen interdumque quasi vernicosee, rufescentes, rufo-badize vel fere 
nigre, rarissime pallidee vel virescentes, post siccationem facile aqua 
saturandie, citoque iterum exsiccande, ceespites depressos, szepe latis- 
simos denseque stratificatos efticientes. Caules prostrati, vix unquam 
suberecti, ramis autem in paucis speciebus assurgentibus; sat validi, 
inzequaliter (raro symmetrice) pinnatim ramosi. 

Folia contigua vel seepius subimbricata, nunquam densa, apice plus minus 
decurva, in sicco insigniter fornicata involutave, oblique ovata ob- 
longave, aliorum specierum dimidiata subfalcataque, inferiora seepius 
obtusa rotundatave, superiora seepe subacuta, raro acuminata, apice 
v. integerrima v. (sepeque in eadem specie) dentata, raro toto fere 
margine serrulata, basi plerumque cellulis paucis magnis ocellata; 
exter cellule subparvee pellucidee, pariete fere semper tenui fusci- 
dulo; lobulus parvus minutusve inflatus, raro obsoletus, foliorum 
rameorum tamen 2 infimorum szpe maximus, imo totum folium in 
utriculum reniformem facie supera perforatum involvens. 

Foliola in pusillis parva, foliis caulinis 3-6-plo breviora, subrotunda, ad 4 
bifida, in elatioribus cordato-ovata-reniformiave, folii dimidium v. 
totum sequantia, apice pro more breviter bifida bidentatave, in omnibus 
integerrima vel rarissime utrinque 1-dentata (in L. Brasilienst, quam 
nondum vidi, “ denticulata” dicuntur). 

Flores in aliis monoici, in aliis dioici. Ramus ? brevis longiorve—nun- 
quam ad florem solum redactus—plerumque uniflorus, semper tamen 
innovatione, vel unilaterali vel duabus oppositis, auctus. Br. erectze 
foliis subsimiles, plerumque acutiores magisque dentate, lobulo ma- 
jore explanato; bracteola plus minus late ovalis bifida. 

Perianthia pro more emersa, urni-vel pyriformia vel obconica, 4- (raro 5-) 
carinata, carinis plerumque humilibus, seepe papulosis, ultra perianthii 
apicem truncatum brevi-rostellatum fere constanter in cornua breviora 
longiorave—interdum longissima—varie patula, protractis. Capsula 
subglobosa. 

Andreecia fere semper ramulo proprio constantia, raro terminalia, brevi- 
raro longi-spica; bracteze in paucis minutee, in plurimis majuscule. 

Hab. et Distr. In sylvis Amazonicis umbrosissimis, preecipue ripariis, 
valde frequens, ad arborum corticem, ramulos et folia viva, ad truncos 
inundatos (raro ad putrescentes) saxaque, plagas seepe preelatas, inter- 
dum pro aspectu funereo insignes, efficiens. In Andium montes 
humiliores raro et sporadice ascendit; in sylva Canelos autem, alt. 
1000-1500 m. species duas pulchras, ut videtur novas, reperi; in M. 
Chimborazo, eadem altitudine, speciem singularem, L. spinosam 
Gottsche, antea in insulis Antillanis inventam, legi. In tota 
America tropica abundare videntur species, in céeteris terris tropicis 
tamen multo rariores.—Bene dicunt cl. auctores ‘Synopseos Hepat.’ 
“Plante hujus sectionis inter se maxime congruz difficillime sunt 


CERATO-LEJEUNEA. 199 


dignoscende.” In sylvis Amazonicis formas innumeras maxima 
copia legi, easdemque iteratim examinavi, inter fere omnes tamen 
limites specificos mihi satisfaciendos frustra queesivii—E speciebus 
circiter 17 autem a meipso lectis 12 nove videntur. 
Obs. Cum hoc subgenere congruit pro majore parte Lejeunea § 3 Cera- 
tanthe Syn. Hep. p. 395 et seq. 


A. Foliola parva, foliis caulinis 3-6-plo minora, subrotunda, nunquam 
cordata.—Plantz pro more pusille, rufo-badiz, raro pallidze, nunquam 
nigricantes. 


a. Flores monoict. 
a. Caules symmetrice pinnati bipinnative. Folia siccando margine 
valide incurva exindeque ad speciem dissita. Utriculi magni 
erebri. Andrecia tenuispica, bracters minutes laxiusculis. 


1. C.-L. plumula. Folia faleato-divergentia, semiovata; superiora ramea- 
que subacuta, margineque fere toto argute serrulata, basi ocellata. 
Foliola foliis caulinis 6-plo breviora ovalia ad $ bifida. Bracteze 
serrulate; bracteola ligulato-oblonga breviter bifida subintegerrima. 
Perianthia parva subturbinata obscure 4-gona longicornia, cornibus 
erectis linearibus compressis. 

2. C.-L. megalophysa. A pr. differt foliis omnibus paucidenticulatis in- 
tegerrimisve, exocellatis ; foliois duplo majoribus; bracteola ovali- 
orbiculata; perianthii argute carinati cornibus perbrevibus patentis- 
simis. 

ay. Caules inequaliter pinnatim vel vage ramosi. Folia siccando 
apice valide decurva devolutave. Utriculi nulli, vel perrart 
parvique. Br. & majuscule confertiuscule. 


3. C.-L. cubensis. Caules subbipinnati, ramis assurgentibus. F. subfalcata 
divergentia fornicata dimidiato-ovata abrupte acuta, apice denticulata, 
basi ocellata, lobulo majusculo turgido. Foliola 3-plo breviora sub- 
orbiculata ad 3 bifida, segmentis acutis. Br. serrulate; bracteola 
lanceolata ad 4 fissa. Perianthia pyriformia 4-carinata, cornibus 
brevissimis erectis obtusis. Andreecia longispica.—Var. guianensis, 
foliis planioribus seepe obtusatis integerrimis, lobulo interdum obso- 
leto, br. seepe integerrimis. 


4. C.-L. rigidula, Caules elongati in planum laxe pinnati. F. obliqua 
(non prorsus dimidiata) acuta obtusave apice subserrulata, lobulo 
minuto obsoletove, obscure ocellata. Foliola 3-4-plo minora ovali- 
rotunda ad 4 fissa. Br. subserrulate; bracteola ovali-rotunda ad 4 
fissa. Per. obconico-oblonga, 4-carinata, cornibus patentissimis tenui- 
usculis czteri perianthii dimidium vix equantibus. Andr, medi- 
ocria. 


aa. Flores diotci. 


5. C.-L. commixta. Caules subelongati subbipinnati. F. subcontigua 
planiuscula oblique ovata obtusata integerrima planiuscula ocellata, 
lobulo 4-plo breviore conspicuo. Foliola vix 3-plo breviora ovali- 
rotunda ad 4 bifida. Br. subintegerrime; bracteola lanceolata ad 4 
bifida. Per. obovato-oblonga, carinis valde pellucido-tuberculosis, 
cornibus perbrevibus late patulis. 

6. C.-L. monticola. Caules czespitosi suberecti parum ramosi. F. iis L. 
cubensis var. guianensis similia, Foliola ovato-rhombea ultra $ bifida, 


200 CERATO-LEJEUNEA. 


seomentis peracutis. Br. majores. Per. majora urceolata, corni- 
bus brevi-conicis compressis fere horizontalibus. Andr. brevispica 
plerumgq, terminalia. 

7. C.-L. luteola. Albido-lutescens tenera, caule brevi repente paulo 
ramoso, F. oblique semicordato-ovata obtusata subintegerrima, lobulo 
inflato. Br. acute superne subserratee; bracteola subovalis breviter 
bifida, utrinque bracteis connata. 

& C.-L. caducifolia. Pusilla rufescens, caule vage ramoso ramisque 
tenuibus e foliis deciduissimis plus minus denudatis. F. subcontigua 
late semiovato-oblonga falcata, apice rotundo obttisove, margine re- 
pando celluloso-crenulato, ocellata; cellule minutule. Foliola 
4—5-plo breviora ovali-rotunda, seepe utrinque 1-dentata, ultra $ 
bifida. Ramus 9 sepe innovando-florifer. Br. integerrimee. Per. 
obovata truncata 4-5-gona, ecornia. 


B. Foliola pro more magna, + folium subequantia, nonnunquam maxima, 
foliis viz minora, sepe cordata, haud raro rentformia.—Plante robustiores, 
rufo-ferrugine-badizeve, aliz nigricantes. Fl 2 frequenter dichoto- 
iniales. 

b. Flores monoict. 


9. C.-L. Coarina. Rufo-badia, caule elongato vage ramoso. F. semi- 
cordato-oblonga seepius rotundata integerrima, raro apice subdenti- 
culata, exocellata, lobuloinflato. Foliolainferiora parvula, superiora 
foliis duplo (v. perpaulo) minora cordato-orbiculata ad 4 bifida. Br. 
foliis minores, subacute seepius integerrimee; bracteola ovali-orbicu- 
lata ad 3 bifida. Per. alte emersa clavato-oblonga truncata, supra 
medium 4-carinata, cornibus vel O vel brevissimis triangularibus 
patulis. Andr. f. contiguo paulo longiora. 

10. C.-L. variabilis. Ruto-badia raro nigricans. Caules insequaliter pin- 
nati et subbipinnati. F. late semicordato-ovata abrupte acuta inte- 
cerrima, lobulo inflato, ocello nullo, Foliola increscentia, superiora 
foliis vix duplo breviora, interdum sequimagna, cordato-ovata oblata 
ad 4 bifida, segmentis acutis. Br. f. breviores subacutee seepius den- 
ticulatee; bracteola ovalis vel suborbiculata ad 4 bifida, segmentis 
acuminatis. Per. obconica superne 4-5 carinata, cornibus elongatis 
subulatis patentibus., Andr. f. contiguo subequilonga—Var, sub- 
serrata, f. apice serrulatis, lobulo seepe obsoleto, bracteis subspinu- 
losis, perianthiis hrevioribus.—Var. saproxylophila, f. apice serrulatis, 
foliolis maximis, ad } alt. solum bifidis, br. acuminulatis inciso- 
serratis, per. cornibus fere horizontalibus. 

11. C.-L. rufo-pellucida. Rufa insigniter pellucida, F. dimidiata sub- 
divergentia, apice abrupte acuto argute v. subduplo serrulata, exocel- 
lata, lobulo inflato, Foliola superiora 4 f. superantia. Bracteze 
acuminulate argute serrulate, Per. obpyramidato-cylindrica, cor- 
nibus longis late patentibus, Andr. longispica. 


bb. Flores dioici. 


12. 0.-L. fuliginosa. Nigro-fusca. Caules elongati laxe subpinnati. F. 
inferiora dissita ligulato-oblonga, superiora subimbricata oblique 
ovato-oblonga rotundata, raro subacuta, exocellata. Foliola=4 fol. 
raro majora, orbiculato-ovata ad 4 bifida, segmentis acutis. 

13. O.-L. hylophila. Olivaceo-rufa. Cates vage ramosi vel ex p. dicho- 
tomi. F. subimbricata decurvo-concava subdivergentia, late semi- 
ovata rotundata subacutave integerrima exocellata, lobulo parvo 


CERATO-LEJEUNEA. 201 


saceato. Foliola variabilia foliis fere aquimagna vel rarius 2-3-plo 
minora, sinu baseos profundo, apice ad {—} bifida, segmentis subacutis. 
Br. serrulatz acute, v. altera obtusa; bracteola ovalis rotundave 
breviter bifida serrulata. Per. elongata obeonico-cylindracea, cornibus 
longis suberectis Andr. breviuscala.—Var. subdenticulata, foliis 
apice 2—3-denticulatis, foliolis subminoribus. 

14. C.-L. microrhegma. Rufo-fusca. Caules paulo ramosi. F. patentis- 
sima subfalcata subsemicordato-oblonga, apice rotundato serrulata, 
exocellata, decurrenti-lobulata. Foliola foliis seequimagna insigniter 
cordato-reniformia, apice rima brevissima solum 4 ¢. alta bidentula. 
Fl. 2 innovatione unilaterali. Br. spinulosz, lobulo obtuso; brac- 
teola ovalis apice bidentata basi constricta. Per. oblonga, cornibus 
preelongis suberectis. 

15. C.-L. maritima. Rufo-badia, dense depresso-ceespitosa. F. oblique 
semiovato-oblonga, apice seepius obtuso serrulata. Foliola subduplo 
breviora, superiora valde oblata reniformia, basi rotundata (nec cor- 
data), apice breviter bifida, segmentis acuminatis, Andr. longi- 
spica. 

16. C.-L. platyceras. Rufa. Caules inequaliter pinnati. F. late di- 
midiato-ovata subacuminata acuta, margine fere toto argute dentato- 
serrata, parviocellata, lobulo saccato. Foliola 2-8-plo minora orbi- 
culata ultra 4 bifida, segmentis acuminulatis, serrulata. Br. acute 
crebre spinuloso-serrate; bracteola ovali-lanceolata fere ad } bifida 
serrulata. Per. urniformia, carinis 4 papulosis, cornibus patulis 
brevibus latis plerumque subevolutis ore hiante crenatis. Andr. 
brevispica seepe terminalia. 

17. C.-L. spinosa. Rufa, fragilis. Caules prelongi parce ramosi. F. 
oblique semicordato-ovata subulato-acuminata acuta, margine postico 
apiceque spinuloso-serrata, lobulo minuto, exocellata. Foliola f. 
duplo breviora ovata ultra 4 bifida, segmentis tenui-acuminatis. Br. 
acuminate ciliato-spinos ; bracteola ovata profunde bifida, seg- 
mentis longissime acuminatis, integerrima. 


1. CeRATO-LEJEUNEA PLUMULA, Spruce. 


Hab. M. Guayrapurina Andium Peruv., ad filices (alt. 1000 m.); fl. Negro 
et Uaupés in arborum foliis ; e rarioribus. 


F ‘85 x°6 ; lob 13; ¢ dy; f'* 15x "12; br 55; per 55x °4; br J -1™™ 


Rufo-fuseca prostrata arcte repens. Caules 3-1 pollicares, pulchre 
plumeeformi-pinnati raro subbipinnati. 

Folia subimbricata falcata divergentia dimidiato-ovata obtusata v. 
abrupte acuta, basi antica dilatata subsemicordata, margine postico 
recto v. concavo in caulinis integerrima, antico rotundato supra 
medium apiceque angulata subdenticulatave, ramea tamen (caulinis 
duplo minora) margine fere toto argute serrulata, sinuato-compli- 
cata; lobulus parvus folio caulino 6-plo brevior ovatus inflatus 
exciso-acutus; cellule mediz parvulz, versns folii marginem anticum 
minores, versus posticum et inferiores majores, 3-6 prope basin ceteris 
duplo longiores in lineam ocellumve dispositee. Utriculi magni ad 
ramorum basin frequenter adsunt, globoso-reniformes, facie interna 
subimpressi centroque perforati. 

Foliola minuta foliis caulinis fere 6-plo breviora ovalia ad 4 bifida, 
laciniis acutis. 

TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN., VOL. XV. 2¢C 


202 CERATO-LEJEUNEA. 


Flores monoici: 2 in ramo brevissimo terminales, innovatione simplice 
suffulti. Bracteze foliis dimidio breviores complicato-bilobe, lobo 
obovato apice serrulato, lobulo subbreviore angustioreque lanceolato; 
bracteola ligulato-oblonga breviter bifida subintegerrima. 

Perianthia parva vix emersa badia obovata subturbinatave obscure 
4-angula, demum fere teretia; apice in cornua 4, reliquo perianthio vix 
breviora, linearia, ligulata clavatave obtusata compressa erecta v. 
conniventia, porrecta. 

Andreecia ramulo tenui constantia ; bractese 4-6-juge minute subdissite 
naviculares dorso papulosie. 


Forma riparia, illa preecipue e S. Carlos, minus eleganter pinnata; folia 
tam caulina quam ramea argute serrata, basi vittata, ocellatave. 

L. Splitgerberiana, Mont. (in Guiana lecta) caule bipinnatim decom- 
posito, foliis semtcircularibus viridi-hyalinis, et perianthio obconico corni- 
bus reflewis, a nostra distincta, ceeterum haud absimilis. 


2. CERATO-LEJEUNEA MEGALOPHYSA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad. fl. Negro cataractas et fl. Uaupés, in palmarum arborumque 
foliis. 


L. plumule colore rufo, caule arcte pinnato, florescentiaque monoica 
convenit, differt ceteris caracteribus. Folia late dimidiato-ovata 
abrupte acuta obtusave, apicem versus paucidenticulata, vel caulina 
subintegerrima, subrecte lobulata, lobulo minuto, cellulis inferiori- 
bus sensim majoribus, ocello proprio nullo. Foliola is L. plumule 
duplo majora, =} folii, vix ultra § bifida. Bractez pauciserrulate; 
bracteola ovali-orbiculata breviter bifida, Perianthia oblongo- 
urniformia minute rostellata, alte argute 4-5-carinata, carinis apice 
in cornua perbrevia patentissima subacuta vel truncato-denticulata 
dilatatis.—Utriculi magni crebri.—Folia qualia L. plumule insig- 
niter incurvo-canaliculata, unde planta crispula evadit, post sicca- 
tionem preecipue. 


. 3. CeRATO-LEJEUNEA CUBENSIS, Mont. 
Hist. physic. etc. de Cuba, 481, t. 18, f. 2. 


Hab. Per totum flumen Negro, in arborum truncis ramulisque, raro in 
rupibus. 

F 45x °35; lob ‘15; ¢ 
per ‘55 x *35™™, 


— Jy 3 fle 15 x15; br. lob 55 x ‘33; br'# 4x 2; 


Pusilla, caespitosa, e viridi rufula, sicca flavida. Caules 4—3-pollicares pro- 
strati ineequaliter subbipinnati, ramis brevibus assurgentibus arcuatis. 

Folia imbricata decurvo-fornicata subfalcata dimidiato-ovata oblique 
abrupte acuta, margine antico apice denticulata raro subintegerrima, 
subsinuato-complicata ; lobulus triplo brevior sat conspicuus sub- 
transversus semiovatus turgidus, rarissime ad plicam redactus 
obsoletusve; cellule fere minutulz pellucidee ambitu anguste opace, 
1-4 prope folii basin duplo longiores primum materia grumosa 
obscuratee, demum vacue. Utriculi nulli vel rarissimi. 

Foliola dissita folio 3-plo breviora suborbiculata, ad vel paulo ultra 
} bifida, segmentis acutis. 


CERATO-LEJEUNEA. 203 


Flores monoici; @ in ramo brevi longioreve terminales, innovatione 
simplice suffulti. Bracteze foliis sublongiores, ad ? bifida, compli- 
cate, acute, subserrulate v. grosse serrate, raro fere integerrime, 
lobis obovato-lanceolatis, inferiore breviore angustioreque ; bracteola 
lanceolata ad 4 bifida, segmentis acutis, integerrima. 

Perianthia vix emersa pyriformia subcompressa, marginibus acute 
carinatis, postice ventricosa obscure bicarinulata, apice in 3 v. 4 
umbones cornuaye brevissima erecta obtusa producta, demum 
3—4-fida. Capsula spheerica. 

Andreecia pro more longispica, ramum totum—raro ejus apicem solum— 
tenentia, julacea ; bracteze 4-10-jugze sat magne imbricatee. 


Prope Mandos fluminis Negro, in arboribus humilibus planitiei arenosi 
“Umirisil” dicti, advenit forma pulchella dense ceespitoso-stratificata, 
foliolis late ovalibus apicibus acuminatis. 


The ocellus near the base of each leaf consists normally of 2 (rarely 
more) enlarged cells, covered on their under surface with a grumous 
greenish waxy mass, which is easily removable and finally falls away, 
leaving the cells scariose, pellucid and nearly empty. It therefore pro- 
bably exudes from the cells, but whether it is a fungous growth, ora 
morbid state of the chlorophyl I am unable to say. 


Var. guianensis N. et Mont. (sp.), Mont. in Ann. Se. Nat. 1840. 


Hab, Pard, ad arborum truncos, cum Frullania exili Tayl., necnon per 
fl. Negro sylvas. 


Pro L. Cubensis var. habenda; differt autem caule longiori, szepe pollicari, 
in planum fere ramoso; foliis planioribus rotundatis obtusatisve 
raro subacutis, fere constanter mtegerrimis, lobulo 4-plo breviore 
haud raro obsoleto; foliolis foliis 4-plo minoribus; ramis ? seepe 
iteratim innovatis; bracteis integerrimis raro serrulatis ; perianthii 
cornibus perbrevibus quidem paulo distinctioribus quam in typo. 
—L. Martiana Gottsche, Syn. Hep. probabiliter pro L. quianensis 
forma habenda. 


4, CERATO-LEJEUNEA RIGIDULA, Nees et Mont. 
Ann. Se. Nat. 1840; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 371. 


Hab. In fl. Negro sylvis, adarborum truncos, ramulos foliaque viva, 
necnon in palmarum foliis, nunquam in truncis putrescentibus. 
Guiana Gallica (Leprieur). 

F-7x°5, 6x 43, D5 x°4; lob “1; ¢ Jays fl 215; br 6; br -4x 35; 
per “75 x°4 (lat. infra cornua) 4™™, 

Rufo-badia prostrata. Caules 2-pollicares tenues flexuosi laxe pinnati, 
ramis planis, raro subbipinnati, 

Folia parum imbricata subfalcata oblique semiovato-oblonga, apice ob- 
lique acuto obtusove subserrulata raro integerrima, subrecte com- 
plicata; lobulus minutus ovatus inflatus interdum obsoletus; cel- 
Tule parvulee pellucid, 5 v. 6 basin versus majores ocellum indis- 
tinctum efformantes. Utriculi rari. 

Foliola foliis 3-4-plo minora ovali-rotunda ad $-bifida, seementis acutis. 

Flores monoici: ? in ramo innovando terminales. Bracteze foliis subze- 
quales subserrulatie, lobis acutis obtusisve, inferiore duplo minore; 
bracteola ovali-rotunda ad } fissa. 


204 CERATO-LEJEUNEA, 


Perianthia subemersa obconico-oblonga 4-carinata-cornutaque, carinis 
papulosis in ztate subobsoletis, cornibus tenuiusculis late patenti- 
bus interdum fere squarrosis longitudine variis semper tamen czetero 
perianthio duplo brevioribus. 

Andreecia cauligena mediocria; bracteze sub 5-juge. 


Cerato-Lejeunee Cubensis, quoad foliola parva huic similis, differt caule 
longiore fere in planum ramoso; foliis planioribus obliquis, vix autem 
dimidiatis, raro subocellatis; sed preecipue perianthii elongati cornibus 
sat longioribus patentibusque, 

Foliola magnitudine valde varia, aliorum ramorum duplo minora, 
nunquam tamev magna qualia in L. variabili, ete. 

Specimina Guianensia ex herb. Montagnei minime rigida sunt, post 
siccationem tamen difliciliter emollitura.—L. ceratantha M. et N., nisi pro 
foliis densis, vix diversa videretur. 


5. CERATO-LEJEUNEA COMMIXTA, Spruce, 


Hab. Tarapoto, in Bryo-Lejeunea fruticosa Tayl. repens, cum L. plumula 
Spruce mixta. 

F 55x°4, lob 15; ¢ fe; fle 2153 per 6x 35™™, 

Rufo-badia, intricata, parum stratificata. Caules 4-1 poll. longi, in 
planum ramosi, arcte subbipinnati, ramis inzequilongis. 

Folia subcontigua oblique ovata (vix dimidiata) obtusata rotundatave 
integerrima planiuscula, basi antica dilatata non autem semicordata, 
ocello distincto cellulis 2-6 majoribus scariosis constante; lobulus 
vix 4-plo brevior conspicuus ovato-quadratus inflatus subsaccatus; 
cellule L. rigidula. 

Foliola vix triplo breviora ovali-rotunda ad $ bifida, segmentis acutis. 

Flores dioici; 2 in ramo brevi terminales, mnovatione simplice suffulti. 
Bractee foliis subeequilonge ultra 5 bifida, lobo anguste obovato- 
lanceolato obtuso, integerrimo, interdum apice angulato, lobulo paulo 
angustiore dimidio breviore lanceolato acuto; bracteola lanceolata ad 
+ bifida carinata, segmentis acutatis, integerrima. 

Perianthia parum emersa obovato-oblonga 4-carinata-cornutaque, carinis 
e cellulis extantibus pulchre pellucido-tuberculosis, cornibus per- 
brevibus late patentibus. 

Cerato-Lejeunca plumula, mixta, foliis dimidiatis falcatis, apice acutis et 
argute serrulatis, facile distincta.—C.-L. rigidula floribus monoicis; lobulis 
foliolisque subminoribus, his orbiculatis; perianthia cornibus fere brevi- 
oribus erecto-patentibus, diversa est.—C.-L. luteola colore pallido, tene- 
ritate; caule multo minus ramoso; bracteis acutis serrulatis; bracteola 
ovali breviter bifida grosse serrata, differt. 


6. CERATO-LEJEUNEA MONTICOLA, Spruce. 


Hab. In Andium Peruviee monte Guayrapurina, ad cortices vetustas, 


Cum L. Cubensi Mont. convenit statura pusilla, foliolis parvis (=folii #-4) 
&c., differt florescentia dioica et caracteribus sequentibus. Caules 
a basi brevi prostrata suberecti caspitosi parum ramosi. Folia 
angulo 60° patentia (nec divergentia) subdimidiata, margine postico 
recto basi recte complicata, lobulo parvo obsoletove, apice abrupte 


CERATO-LEJEUNEA. 205 


acuta subintegerrima. Foliola ovato-rhombea ultra 4 bifida, seg- 
mentis peracutis. Bracteee iis L. Cubensis multo majores, *7™™ longee; 
bracteola “6x °3™™. Perianthia majora, ‘9x ‘6™" urceolata com- 
pressa apice late truncato rostellata, 4 carinata, brevicornia, cornibus 
brevi-conicis compressis, apice rotundatis, late fere horizontaliter 
patulis. Androecia seepius terminalia brevia ovoidea, bracteis 3-5- 
jugis majusculis. 


7. CerATO-LEJEUNEA LUTEOLA, S, 


Hab. 8S. Carlos fl. Negro, in cortice vetusto: planta ? sola, sterilis. 

ease tob 1s 6a: f “15 x15; br “75; br"6 x“35e™. 

Ex albido lutescens vix rufula prostrata stratificata, pellucida tenera. A 
L. rigidula, affini, differt teneritate, colore pallido, florescentia 
dioica, caule brevi 4-pollicari repente paulo ramoso, ramis spe 
elongatis. Folia subimbricata arcuato-concava oblique subsemicor- 
dato-ovata rotundata obtusatave repanda integerrima, superiora raro 
apice obsolete denticulata; lobulus parvus inflatus; cellule subpar- 
vule fere vacue, pariete ad angulos subincrassato ; ocelli nulli, 
Bractez foliis submajores acutee superne parce grosse serrulatz, lobo 
ovali, lobulo breviore lanceolato ; bracteola subovalis breviter bifida 
apice grosse subserrata v. fere eequaliter 4-fida, utrinque cum bracteis 
connata. 


8, CeRATO-LEJEUNEA CADUCIFOLIA, Spruce, 


Hab. Manaos, supra fluminis Negro ostia, in cortice. 

F' -42,x-35 ; lob 075-15 ; cp; f'*°1x:1; br. lobus 6x ‘2; br's 3x15; 
per “45 x ‘25mm, 

Pusilla, rufescens, plagas latas densiusculas formans. Caules }-pollicares 
vage ramosi implexi, ramique tenues flexuosi, e foliis deciduissimis— 
foliolis solis, rarius etiam lobulis, persistentibus—ex parte denudati. 

Folia subhorizontalia contigua vel parum imbricata, late semicordato- 
oblonga, falcata, apice rotundato obtusove recurvula, margine undu- 
lato-repanda insuperque celluloso-subcrenulata, basin versus cellulis 
1-3 magnis ocellata; lobulus folio 3-6-plo brevior ovatus inflatus 
exciso-acutus, persepe deficiens; cellule fere minutule, iis ceeterum 
Cerato-Lejeunearum minores, subpellucide. Utriculi null. 

Foliola distantia, foliis 4—5-plo minora ovato-rotunda vel subrhombea, 
medio margine utrinque angulata v. raro unidentata, apice ultra 
medium bifida, seg¢mentis subacutis. 

Flores dioici: 9 in ramo spe iteratim innovando-florifero terminales. 
Bracteze foliis longiores complicato-bilobe, lobis planis lanceolatis 
acutatis integerrimis, postico subminore; bracteola paulo minor ob- 
longa vix ad 4 bifida, sinu segmentisque acutis. 

Perianthia foliis caulinis subequilonga obovata truncata brevi-rostellata 
4-5-gona, ecornia. 

Ab omnibus affinibus facile distincta ! 


9, Cerato-LeJEuNEA Coarina, Gottsche. 
Syn. Hep. 395. 
Hab. Ad rupes fluminis Negro cataractarum humectatas, necon ad arborum 


ramulos rivuli Cawapuna inundatos. (R. 8. 1853.) Ad fl. Coare 
ostia, flum. Amazonum afiluentis, legit cl. Marrrus. 


206 CERATO-LEJEUNEA, 


F 65 x ‘5, lob *125, c Ass; f'* 3 x °4,°35 x 45, -4 x °55 (in var.); br 55; 
br? “b X40 per LO Kae: 

Rufo-badia late prostrato-stratificata. Caules 2-3 pollicares vage ramosi, 
in parte inferiore amentis ¢ sepe pinnulati. 

Folia subimbricata patula semicordato-oblonga, apice decurvo subobliquo 
rotundata obtusatave, integerrima, basi subrecte complicata; lobulus 
5-plo brevior ovatus inflatus; cellule parve pellucide, parietibus 
fuscidulis, Utriculi nulli vel perrari. 

Foliola dissita vel contigua, foliis duplo breviora (in ramis fertilibus seepe 
4-plo breviora) cordato-orbiculata, paulo latiora quam longa, ad vel 
paulo ultra + fissa, segmentis erectis acutis. 

Flores monoici: 9 in ramo brevi terminales, innovatione simplice, raro 
prolifera, suffulti: rarissime e dichotomia. Bracteze foliis minores 
ultra medium bifida, lobo oblique obovato lanceolatove subacuto, 
lobulo rhomboideo; bracteola ovali-orbiculata ad 4 bifida, segmentis 
acutis seepe imbricatis; omnes repandule integerrime. 

Perianthia altiuscule emersa, foliis dimidio longiora, clavato-oblonga 
pyriformiave, supra medium 4-carinata, carinis apice vel recte trun- 
catis vel seepius in cornua rudimentaria horizontalia triangularia 
dilatatis. 

Amenta ¢ crebra cauligena, folium vicinum paulo superantia; bractese 
sub 5-jugee mediocres. 

Obs. In iisdem locis advenit altera forma, megalostipa, foliolis folia fere 
equantibus; foliis apice valde decurvo-concavis, interdum apice subden- 
ticulatis; perianthiis apice lato recte truncatis ecornibus, vel carinis later- 
alibus brevissime cornutis. 

In Syn. Hep. 1. ¢. perianthia (probabiliter juvenilia) ‘ ventricosa ” 
descripta sunt. 


10. CERATO-LEJEUNEA VARIABILIS, Lindenb. Syn. Hep. 399. 


Hab. In sylva Amazonica tota, preecipue juxta fl. Negro ripas, in arborum 
truncis, ramis, foliis, necnon in radicibus inundatis, etiam in filicibus 
etc., in saxis et in truncis putridis rarior; in Andibus vix ad alt. 
1000m. attingit. 

F 85x65, ‘8x ‘6; lob ‘1-125; ¢ a; f* 5x °6, °45x'5 3. br "5s per 
1°2x°45 3 cornua °254™m, 

Majuscula rufo-badia, seepe sublurida, raro nigrescens, pro more dense 
stratificata. Caules 14-3-pollicares prostrati insequaliter pinnati et 
subbipinnati. 

Folia imbricata late semicordato-ovata, interdum ovato-oblonga, apice 
decurvo abrupte acuta—v. inferiora rotundata—repandula integer- 
rima; lobulus minutus folio 6-8-plo minor inflatus; cellule sub- 
parvulz eequilaterze pellucide, inferiores sensim majores, ocello nullo. 
Utriculi adsunt. 

Foliola inferiora parva dissita, superiora increscentia subimbricata dimi- 
dium folium plus minus superantia, cordato-ovata, seepius oblata, ad 
} acute bifida, segmentis acutis. 

Flores monoici: Q in ramo terminales, innovatione unilaterali—raro 
duabus oppositis—suffulti. Bracteze foliis sat breviores profunde 
complicato-bifidee denticulate, raro subintegerrime, lobis subacutis, 
inferiore fere duplo breviore; bracteola ovalis v. fere orbiculata ad 4 
bifida, segmentis acuminulatis, interdum serrulata. 


° CERATO-LEJEUNEA. 207 


Perianthia emersa obconica supra medium 4- (5-) carinata, carinis in 
cornua plus minus elongata—semper cétero perianthio breviora 
subulata, obtusa acutave, plus minus patentia, stricta recurvulave, 
porrecta. 

Andreecia folio caulino subeequilonga v. parum longiora; bracteae 3-5- 
(raro 6-) jugee majuscule subimbricate. 


Ad fl. Negra cataractas in rupibus advenit forma caulibus elongatis 
parallelis, ramulis ¢ et spe arcte pinnulatis. 

Cum eadem, necnon ad fl. Orinoco cataractas, legi formam megalostipam, 
foliolis folia fere eequantibus cordato-orbiculato-ovatis—vix unquam sub- 
reniformibus.—Huice valde similis est L. cornuta Lindenb.! in hb. Hook., 
e Guiana, Syn. Hep. 399, differt autem foliis ocellatis, perianthii corni- 
bus longis perfecte erectis. “L. cornuta” ejusd.! hb, Hook., ex ins. 8, 
Vincentis, aliena est, dioica, foliorum lobulis omnibus insigniter inflatis. 


Var. subserrata, 8. 

In iisdem locis ac typus habitat, Differt foliis minoribus apice serrulatis 
(55 x *43™™), lobulo seepe ad plicam minutam redacto vel etiam 
obsoleto ; cellulis minoribus (,;—;5™™); bracteis magis serratis v. 
etiam spinulosis ; perianthiis seepe immersis. 

Var. saproxylophila, 8. A typo differt foliis apice serrulatis semper sub- 
acutis; foliolis maximis folia superficie equantibus apice ad + solum 
bifidis ; bracteis acuminulatis inciso-serrulatis, bracteola latior quam 
longa spinulosa fere ad }-bifida, segmentis acuminulatis ; perianthii 
cornibus fere horizontaliter patulis. A var. subserrata diversa iisdem 
caracteribus insuperque foliis cellulisque majoribus, lobulo semper 
distincto inflato. Hab. ad fl. Uaupés et M. Guayrapurina, in 
truncis putridis——Primo visu species distincta videretur, quum 
tamen in typo, necnon in var. swbserrata, foliola ad eandem stirpem 
nune majora nunc minora inveniuntur, foliaque apice nunc argute 
serrata nunc fere integerrima, omnes pro unica specie valde vari- 
abili habendas censeo.—In omnibus formis frequenter adsunt 
utriculi magni, ad ramorum basin bini oppositi; constant folio in 
sacculum concheformem reniformemve, facie supera depressum 
perforatumque, omnino convoluto.—In vars., magis frequentur 
quam in typo, flores dichotomiales inveniuntur, ramulis novellis 
interdum apice iterum floriferis furcatisque. 


11. Cerato-LEJEUNEA RUFO-PELLUCIDA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad San Carlos del Rio Negro, in arborum foliis, rarius in cortice et 
in truncis putridis. 

cso 6, “OS x5; o ay; f 45x65, 25%°3; br 555, br’ 45x 3 ; 
per “75x °3™™ (lat. nfra cornua mensa). 

Rufa sat robusta prostrata. Caules 1-2-pollicares pinnati et inzequaliter 
subbipinnati, ramis omnibus planis. 

Folia pulchre pellucida subimbricata subdivergentia, semicordato-ovata, 
falcato-dimidiata, margine postico recto vel seepe subconcavo, apice 
obliquo abrupte acuta, rarius rotundata, et plus minus argute— 
interdum subduplo—serrulata, basi sinuato-complicata ; lobulus 
4-6-plo brevior semper inflatus transversus semiovatus; cellule 


208 CERATO-LEJEUNEA. 


parvule pellucid, prope basin sensim multo majores sed non in 
ocellum congeste. Utriculi magni ad ramorum basin sepe adve- 
niunt. ; 

Foliola subimbricata dimidium folium pro more superantia—in aliis 
ramulis autem foliis 3-plo breviora, cordato-reniformia ad 4-4 bifida, 
rima 8 cellulas alta, segmentis apiculato-acutis, integerrima, supe- 
riora raro denticulo uno alterove armata. 

Flores monoici: ¢ in ramo_ brevi terminales, innovatione simplice 
suffulti. Bracteze foliis $ breviores bipartite argute serrulate, lobo 
ovali acuminulato, lobulo multo minore lanceolato; bracteola ovalis 
serrulata ad 4 fissa. 

Perianthia emersa obpyramidato-cylindrica longicornia, cornibus tenuius- 
culis cylindrico-subulatis strictis recurvulisve late patentibus. 

Andreecia crebra longispica ramulum totum, vel seepius rami longioris 
apicem, tenentia ; bracteze ad 12-jugee mediocres laxe imbricatze. 


A L. variabili var. subserrata habitu et pelluciditate primo visu 
diversa, ab eadem tamen egre definienda foliis apice argute subduplo 
serratis, lobulo semper inflato ; foliolorum segmentis apiculatis ; perian- 
thiis subcylindricis; andreeciis longispicis.—L. brasiliensis G. (ad flum. 
Amazonum a cl. Martio lecta, a me pretervisa) differre videtur foliis 
subacuminatis apice spinulosis; foliolis minus profunde cordatis distincte 
denticulatis serrulatisve, et perianthiis latioribus. Forsan utraque pro 
forma ejusdem speciei habenda. 


12, CeraTo-LEJEUNEA FULIGINOSA, Spruce. 


Hab, Ad fl. Negro et Uaupés cataractas, in arborum truncis et rupibus 
inundatis: semper sterilis et, ut videtur, mere mascula. 

F 75x ‘55; lob 15; czy; f'* °35 x 35™™, 

Prostrata nigro-fusca, fere fuliginosa, in plagas latas tenues extensa. 
Caules 2-pollicares paralleli inzequaliter subpinnati. 

Folia horizontalia patentia, inferiora dissita ligulato-oblonga, superiora 
subimbricata oblique ovato-oblonga subconcava, rotundata, oblique 
truncata, v. raro subacuta angulatave, basi subquadrata, margine 
repanda, sinuato-complicata; lobulus folio 5-plo brevior, ovatus 
inflatus; cellule subparvee, basin et marginem posticum versus 
majores pallidioresque, ocello tamen nullo. Folia cujusque rami 
duo infima seepe in utriculum reniformem, juxta caulem orificium 
lineare ovaleve mostrantem, omnino convoluta. 

Foliola subdissita dimidium folium subsequantia orbiculato-ovata, in- 
feriora minora ad 4, superiora submajora contigua vix ultra 4, bifida, 
sinu segmentisque acutis. 

Var. megalostipa, foliolis maximis, foliis vix minoribus, late ovato-orbi- 
culatis, basi indistincte cordatis, apice breviuscule bifidis—Ad saxa 
cataractarum humectatan—Cum eadem crescit altera forma foliolis 
inferioribus parvis, superioribus majoribus solum 4 folium sub- 
ceequantibus. 

A L. variabili differt colore nigrescente ; floribus dioicis ; foliis pro 
ratione longioribus, oblongis raro subovatis; foliolis ovato-orbiculatis, 
nunquam reniformibus, vix unquam cordatis. 

L. hylophila, pro florescentia dioica nostree similis, folia habet rufe- 
scentia, ovata; foliola profunde cordata, apice breviter bifida. 


CERATO-LEJEUNEA. 209 


13, CERATO-LEJEUNEA HYLOPHILA, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylva Amazonica haud infrequens, ad truncos vetustos et folia 
viva; Pardé ; lacum Quiriquiry fluvii Trombetas ; ad tluvios Negro et 
Uaupes, &e. 

(Trombetas). F' ‘5x +4; lob 1-08; c Ay; f'* 385 x °55; br 65; br'* “6x 
"4; per ‘9x 3-4; cornua °3™™, 

(Uaupes). F 8x °65, "7x °65; lob 1; ¢ gy; fie 5x6, °25x'2; br “75; 
Geib -6; per 1-1 x -6™™, 

Dense caspitoso-procumbens, ex olivaceo rufescens badiave. Caules 
1-1}-pollicares vage ramosi, interdum subdichotomi. 

Folia subimbricata subdivergentia decurvo-concava late semiovata (fere 
dimidiata, haud tamen falcata) apice obliquo rotundata—ramea 
superiora subacuta—integerrima, exocellata, valde sinuato-complicata; 
lobulus parvus, folio 5-8-plo brevior, saccatus, nunquam obsoletus; 
cellulz subparvee subpellucide. Utriculi nulli vel perrari. 

Foliola imbricata contiguave, foliis fere aquimagna—rarius 2-3-plo 
minora—latiora quam longa, cordato-reniformia, vel prelate cordato- 
ovata, basi profunde excisa, apice late rotundato ad }—+ bifida, seg- 
mentis contiguis acutis v. subobtusis, rima vix perceptibili: inferiora 
semper minora, superiora sensim increscentia, 

Flores dioici: 2 in ramo terminales, interdum dichotomiales, innovationi- 
bus simplicibus, vel altera iterum prolifero-dichotoma. Bracteze foliis 
sublongiores suberectze complicato-bipartitee apiculato-acutee—raro 
altera obtusa—subserrulatee, lobis lanceolatis, eequilongis, vel in- 
feriore breviore semperque angustiore ; bracteola ovalis vel fere 
rotunda, ad 1—} bifida, serrulata, segmentis apiculato-acutis. 

Perianthia foliis tere duplo longiora, obconico-cylindracea, 4~5-carinata, 
carinis papulosis in cornua sat elongata, pungentia vel subobtusa, 
erecta vel erecto-patentia protractis. 

Amenta ¢ cauligena, folium contiguum subsuperantia; bracteze sub 4- 
(raro ad 8-) juge majuscule galeiformes, apice subrostrate  bi- 
fideeque. 

Var. subdenticulata, foliis apice subacutis integerrimis v. rarius 2--3-den- 
ticulatis; foliolis subminoribus semper autem cordatis, perianthii 
cornibus interdum magis patentibus.—S. Carlos et S. Gabriel, in 
arborum foliis; Obidos et Panuré, in truncis. 


Probabiliter inter “ LZ. variabilis” formas a cl. auct. Synopseos Hep. 
inclusa, certe tamen diversa floresc. dioica, &e. L. cornuta Lindenb! e 
specim. ab ipso, monoica est, ideoque aliena. 


14, CeRaTO-LEJEUNEA MICRORHEGMA, Spruce. (Tas. VIII.) 
Hab. In sylva Canelos, e ramulis pendula, alt. 1000m. 
F 8x °65, ‘7x °6; lob 08-1; ¢ 3.4; f'* -95x°6, °75x°5; br. lob “75x 
45; br’* -6x°4; per 1:0 x4 (lat. infra cornua)™™. 
Elata, rufo-fusca nigricansve, flaccida. Caules 2-3-pollicares, fere nigri, 
paulo ramosi, ramis seepe brevibus. 
Folia subimbricata patentissima subfaleata, late oblique oblonga v. ovato- 


oblonga, basi truncato-semicordata, apice valide decurvo rotundato 
serrulata, decurrenti-lobulata; lobulus minutus plus minus tur- 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL, XV. 2D 


210 CERATO-LEJEUNEA. 


gidus ; cellule parvule pellucidee, inferiores sensim submajores, 
ocello nullo. Utriculi adsunt. 

Foliola foliis zquimagna, oblata tamen, insigniter cordato-reniformia, 
sinu baseos profundo, apice emarginato-bidentula, sinu solum 4 cel- 
lulas alto, angusto, dentibus cellula unica apiculatis, e margine toto 
incurvo concava. 

Flores dioici: 2 in ramo brevissimo terminales, innovatione simplice 
suffulti. Bracteze foliis subzequilongee suberectze profunde compli- 
cato-bilobze, spinulosz, lobo obovato-lanceolato acuto, lobulo 2-3-plo 
breviore oblongo obtuso; bracteola utrinque subconnata ovalis brevis- 
sime bifidula, basi breviter constricta quasi-stipitata. 

Periauthia emersa oblonga 4-5-gona longicornia; cornibus cztero peri- 
anthio vix brevioribus suberectis angustiuseulis. 


E foliolis con¢avis—nec convexis—apice fere integris, a plurimis Cerato- 
Lejeunets aberrat, L. hylophile et L. variabila var. saprowylophilee pro- 
xima, 


15. CeRATO-LEJEUNEA MARITIMA, Spruce. 


Hab. Caripi, prope fluvii Pardé ostia, in rupibus maritimis, rarius in 
truncis vetustis vicinis, plagas maximas densas efficiens. Planta 
mascula solum visa. 

F -65x°45; lob *1; cay; fl* 35x °5, 3x °55, -25 x 25, 15 x ‘155m, 

Rufo-badia, L. hylophile subsimilis, diversa ut videretur caracteribus 
sequentibus. #'olia semiovato-oblonga, obliqua sed vix dimidiata, 
obtusa, raro subacuta, apice serrulata v. saltem angulata; lobulo 
parvo ovato, aliorum: ramorum subgloboso turgidiore, rarissime 
obsoleto. Utriculi proprii nulli. Foliola foliis sub 2-plo minora, 
superiora szepe fere duplo latiora quam longa, breviter bifida, seg- 
mentis acuminulatis, bast rotundata nec profunde cordata (qualia in 
L. hylophila). In aliis ramis—vel etiam ‘in ejusdem rami apice 
elongato—aliquando adveniunt foliola longe minora, orbiculata, rima 
paulo profundiore. Andrecia crebra longispica, sat robusta, bracteis 
circiter 10-jugis. 

Cerato-L. platyceras certe distincta erit foliis acuminatis magis serratis, 
foliolis profunde bifidis nunquam reniformibus. 


Densely-stratified to the depth of half an inch, or even an inch, and 
absorbing moisture like a sponge. 


16. Cerato-LEJEUNEA PLATYCERAS, Spruce. 


Hab. In valle fl. Pastasa infra Banos, alt. 1500™., ad ramulos cum Frul- 
laniis, = ¢d ; in sylva ee in cortice, pl. 2 sterilis. 


FQ x ‘65, ‘7 x 55; lob 15-1 As f* 3x ‘3, 25 x ‘3, ‘2x 25; br “9x 55; 
brta 65 x: ars "per 10x 45 eu 75™™ cornibus inelusis). 


Robusta rufa prostrata. Caules 14-2-pollicares pinnati, flexuosi intricati, 
ramis brevibus inwqualibus. 

Polia subimbricata patentia late dimidiato-ovata, subsemicordata, apice 
decurvo subacuminata vel solum acuta, margine postico recto supra 
medium, antico fere toto apic eque, argute dent ito-serrata-spinulosave, 
subrecte complicata; lobulus minutus folio 6-7-plo brevior inflatus, 
aliorum Yamorum major saccatus et ad folia infima interdum in 


i 


CERATO-LEJEUNEA. PAS : 


utriculum majusculum dilatatus; cellule parvule pellncide, 2v. plures 
exteris duplo majores juxta folii basin in lineam occellumve congeste. 

Foliola dissita foliis 2-3-plo, in pl. 2 spe 4-plo minora, suboblato- 
orbiculata, adusque v. paulo ultra 4 bifida, segmentis acuminulato- 
acutis, sinu lato acuto, margine supra medium pauciserrulato raro 
integerrimo. 

Flores dioici: 9 in ramo brevi terminales, innovatione simplice suffulti. 
Bractez foliis zquilong bipartite, lobis lanceolatis acutis, crebre 
spinuloso-serratis, inferiore duplo angustiore et subbreviore; brac- 
teola minor ovali-lanceolata fere ad 4 bifida, serrulata, segmentis 
acuminulatis, basi utrinque cum bracteis connata. 

Perianthia subemersa urniformia subcompressa alte 4-carinata, carinis 
papulosis apice in cornua lata brevia recurvulo-patula—rarissime 
clausa oblonga compressa—plerumque plus minus evoluta, obconica, 
ore hiante inzequaliter lobulata crenatave, dilatatis. 

Andreecia in ramis terminalia, vel ramulum totum tenentia, robusta; 
bractez 5-jugze, foliis 2-plo breviores, imbricatze turgide. 


L. Filaria Tayl., ad Esmeralda a cl. JAMESON lecta, quoad folia valide 
dentato-serrata et foliorum segmenta acuminata nostree similis, differt 
foliis “rotundis obtusis.” 


L. Brasiliensis Gottsche, Syn. Hep. 398, facie et foliolis subserratis 
nostre similis, certe distincta est foliis solum apicem versus serrato- 
spinulosis ; foliolis magnis ad } solum bifidis, et perianthiis longicornibus. 

L. platyceras, quoad caules pinnatos et folia argute serrata L. plumule 
haud dissimilis, differt floribus dioicis ; lobulis plerisque inflatis (parvis 
tamen); foliolis multo majoribus subserratis; perianthii cornibus patulis 
plerumque evolutis, etc. 


Obs, Utricles—not very large—are present at the base of a few 
of the branches, but their place seems to be mostly supplied by 
several (rarely all) of the leaf-lobules on certain branches becoming 
more turgid, although not longer, than in the normal state. Any 
tenants these sacs may have contained have disappeared from my 


specimens. 
17. CERATO-LEJEUNEA SPINOSA, Gottsche. 


G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 402. 


Hab. in M. Chimborazo, alt. 1500™,in arborum truncis et e ramulis pendula, 
sociis Taxi-Lejeunets, Plagiochila bursata, etc. In insulis Antillis 
primum inyenta fuit. 

F 1:35 x ‘8; lob 15; ¢ de; f* °6x°45; br. lob 10x °5; br’? -85 x 4mm, 

Rufa, fragilis, aliis muscis arcte adherens. Caules 3-4-pollicares, sub- 
flexuosi, parce ramosi v. fere simplices. 

Folia subimbricata patentia, obliqua v. subdimidiata, semicordato-ovata 
acuminata acuta, margine antico 1-2-dentata, postico spinuloso- 
dentata-serratave, dentibus inequalibus, apicali pralongo subulato, 
basi minute sinuato-lobulata, lobulo folio 9-plo breviore saccato 
compresso-obconico margine transverso inflexo obscure denticulato; 
cellule subzequilaterze subparvule pellucidz, versus folii basin 
posticam duplo majores, versus Marginem anticum multo minores.— 
Lobulus foliorum rameorum e lobi majoris ratione caulinis major, duo 
infimi seepe magni involuto-inflati dimidium folium tenentes. 


217, CERATO-LEJEUNEA. 


Foliola subdistantia foliis duplo breviora ovata ultra } bifida, segmentis 
tenui-acuminatis, margine recurvulo integerrima. 

Flores dioici: in ramulis breviusculis terminales, innovatione simplice 
suffulti. Bractez foliis breviores bipartite, lobo ovato-lanceolato 
acuminato ciliato-spinoso, lobulo subbreviore multo angustiore lan- 
ceolato acuminato, (vel altero truncato-bispinoso) subintegerrimo ; 
bracteola ovata profunde bifida, segmentis longissime acuminatis, 
integerrima. 

Perianthia haud vidi, sec. cl. Gottsche le. sunt clavato-urneformia 4- 
cornia, cornibus magnis latis compressis. 


Suncenus XXV.—TAXI-LEJEUNEA, 8. 


Omphalanthus N. et Ldng. Syn. Hep. ex p.; Lejeunea Mont., 
Syn. Hep. ex p. 


Plante grandiusculze, strato tenui late repentes, albido-virides—nunquam 
rufulz fusceeve—laxe texte pellucide. Caules tenues flaccidi laxe 
pinnati subsimplicesve, primum repeutes dein seepe penduli apiceque 
indefinite evoluti ; rami 2 parvi-paucifolii iteratim innovandi, flori- 
bus secundis confertis onusti. 

Folia laxe imbricata contiguave, majuscula vel magna, in Codonocoleis 
circiter 1-2 (-9-1°6)™™, in Pyramidocoleis ‘8 (-6-1'1)™™ longa, tenera 
subplana, plus minus ovato-triangularia, pro more acuta subacu- 
minatave, in paucis rotundata, apice serrata integerrimave, lobulo 
basali minuto vel seepissime nullo; cellule mediocres (44—37™™) vel 
etiam majusculee (;5-4™™), leptodermes, endochromio parco pellu- 
cidie, plane vel marginales convex. 

Foliola mediocria, magna, vel etiam maxima—vix unquam parvula—in 
paucis folio equimagna vel imo submajora—integerrima vel solum 
celluloso-crenulata, breviter, raro ultra medium, bifida, rarissime 
integra. 

Flores omnium fere monoici*: Q ad ramulos innovatos terminales, 
quasi-seriati; bracteze pro more parva lanceolate seepissime denticu- 
latee, lobulo parvo nullove; bracteola ovalis bifida bidentatave raro 
integra. 

Perianthia pro more parva pellucida obconica vel obpyramidata, angusta, 
vix compressula, vel omnino ecarinata vel apice solo—vel denique 
fere a basi—5-carinata, plerumque rostellata, leevia vel ad carinarum 
apicem cristulata. 

Amenta ¢# lateralia, folio caulino breviora, seepe minuta, tenuia, oligo- 
phylla, incurva. MRarissime adveniunt amenta longiora in ramis 
terminalia. 

In sectiones duas dividenda est Taxi-Lejeunea, sc. 


1. Codonocolea, perianthiis parvis tenerrimis obconicis et, vel omnino 
ecarinatis inermibusque, vel ipso apice carinas 5 (seepe cristatas) osten- 
dentibus,—Folia magna seepius apice serrata; cellule interdum majuscule, 
ad 4" long. Foliola seepe maxima, ipsis foliis submajora, aliarum 


* Taxi-Lejeunee omnes, quarum fructus adhue cognovimus, monoice sunt. 
In perpaucis speciebus, cum Pyramidocoleis ex habitu simili hie collocatis, 
flores alterius sextis et perianthia ignota remanent. 


TAxI-LEJEUNEA. 213 


specierum autem sat minora; fere semper oblata, reniformia, basi pro- 
funde cordata, apice levissime emarginata, raro profundius fissa, rarissime 
integra. 

2. Pyramidocolea, perianthiis majoribus, foliis caulinis subeequilongis, 
fere a basi, vel saltem supra medium 5-angulatis-carinatisve, angulis vel 
Jevissimis vel solum papulosis—nunquam cristatis.—Folia mediocria 
majusculave, apice integerrima rarius subserrata. Foliola foliis 2-3-plo 
minora, basi vel rotundata vel subcordata, apice ad 4-3 (raro brevius) 
bifida. 

Hab, Codonocolee (Omphalanthi ‘Syn. Hep.’ ex p., valde diversee autem 
ab O. filiformi, quem pro subgeneris Omphalo-Lejewnew typo habui) ad 
arborum ramulos et folia viva, necnon ad filices, raro in cortice, montes 
tropicales sylvaticos ad alt. 2000™™ usque habitant, in planitie rarissime. 
Pyramidocolee (Lejeunee Acutifolie ‘Syn. Hep.’ ex p.) in truncis vetustis, 
seepe aliis hepaticis et muscis consociate, raro in ramulis, foliis, vel filici- 
bus, interdum in saxis vel in ipsa terra, vigent; planitiem sylvaticam et 
montes inferiores amant, paucee alt. 2000™ superantes, 

Distr. Codonocoleew sub 16 adhue descripte omnes neotropice videntur 
nisi L. wmbilicata Nees, e Java, et L. gracilipes Tayl., ex ins. Oceanicis. 
In Andibus Quitensibus 4 species legi (7. L. Chimborazensis, nova) 
quarum 7. L. sulphurea L. et L. etiam in planitie ad fluvios Bombonasa 
et Negro crescit: in ins. Antillis vulgata videtur. Pyramidocolearum 
species in libris definite sub 10, omnes (L. lumbricoides N., Javanica, 
excepta) neotropice, pleraeeque Mexican et Columbian, inter quas 
nominare liceat (haud sine dubio, ob speciminum defectum) L. acutangula 
N., L. Caraccensis Lindng., L. Beyrichiw Lndng., L. Gottscheana Lndne., 
L. assimilis L. et G., L. tenera Sw! Ipse in terris Amazonicis et Andinis 
9 species legi, omnes (ut videtur) novas, alias autem probabiliter cum 
Lejeuneis jam (incomplete ?) descriptis confusas, 


§ 1. CoDONOCOLEA. 
A. Per. apice ipso pentagona, angulis spinosis cristulatisve. 


1. T.-L. Chimborazensis. F. semicordato-ovata apiculata apicem versus 
spinulosa, laxe reticulata, lobulo 0. Foliola foliis fere duplo breviora 
cordato-ovato-rotunda, inferiora integra, superiora apice rima sub 5 
cell. alta bidentula. Perianthia cylindrico-campanulata superne 
obtuse 5-gona, angulis apice bispinosis. 

2. T.-L. pterogonia. F. ovato-triangularia subapiculata apice subserru- 
lata, minutissime lobulata. Foliola foliis eequimagna orbiculata pro- 
funde cordata, auriculis forficatis, apice ad 4-} bifida. Per. longe 
infundibulata teretia, apice pentagona, angulis laciniato-alatis, 


B. Per. ecarinata ecristataque, apice corrugato-inflexa. 
a. Foliola apice bidentula, 


3. T.-L. sulphurea, F. semicordato-triangularia apiculata, supra medium 
celluloso-crenulata, subelobulata. Foliola foliis } breviora cordato- 
orbiculata undulata, dentibus apicis 5c. altis. Br. serrulatae; brac- 
teola obovata ad } bifida. Per. obconico-clavata levia.— Var. ? 
pusilla, F. acuminulata subcrenulata, apice subserrulata. Foliola 
foliis fere duplo breviora cordato-subreniformia, latiora quam longa. 

4. T.-L. renistipula. F. magna subdivergentia ovato-triangularia sub- 


acuminata crenulata, apice dentato-serrata, margine postico crispata, 


214 TAXI-LEJEUNEA. 


minute lobulata, laxe texta. Foliola foliis imo majora cordato-reni- 
formia, dentibus apicis 4-5c. altis. Br. perianthiaque fere 7. L. 
sulphuree. 


b. Foliola ad 3 bifida. 


[ T.-L. leioscypha, G. F. late ovata abrupte apiculata integerrima parvi- 
lobulata. Foliola vix minora profunde cordato-orbiculata, laciniis 
apicis erecto-forficatis. Br. minutee bere. Per. minuta obconica 
reticulata, apice depresso plicatula.—Mezico. ] 

[T.-L.? wmbilicata, N.  F. late semicordato-ovato-oblonga fornicata, apice 
decurvo rotundata, lobulo 4-plo breviore, cellulis parvulis. Foliola 
minora cordato-reniformia, laciniis patulis, Br. foliis parum minores 
vix complicate, cum bracteola altiuscule connate. Per. longe pyri- 
formi-obconica subcompresso-teretia, apice depresso vix corrugato 
minute mammillata.—Anne melius inter Hygro-Lejeuneas collocanda ? 
—Java. } 


@ 2. PYRAMIDOCOLEA. 


A. Monoice. 
a. Foliola brevissime bifida. 


5. Taxi-L. dictyocalyx. F. acuminulata integerrima subelobulata. 
Foliola 2-3-plo minora, latiora quam longa, basi profunde cordata, 
apice ad 4} bifida. Br. subserratee. Per. subemersa clavato-oblonga 
alte 5-carinata pulchre reticulata. 


b. Foliola ad 4-3 usque (raro ultra) bifida. 
* Folia obtusata rotundatave bractewque integerrima. 


6. Taxi-L. crebriflora. F. subcontigua oblique subfaleato-oblonga sub- 
elobulata. J 3-4-plo breviora ad vel paulo ultra 3 bifida. Br. 
lanceolate obtusata elobulate; bracteola late lgulata breviter 
bifida. Per. obpyramidato-clavata supra medium 5-carinata, carinis 
subpapulosis apice lato truncato-rotundatis.—Var. arenicola, aliis 
foliis subobovatis; bracteola ovali ad 4 bifida.—Var. minutiflora, br. 
tam 9 quam ¢ minutis; bracteola 2 cuneato-oblonga ad 4 bifida. 

7. Taxi-L. tenax, Caules sat robusti tenaces. F. magna tortilia semi- 
cordato-ovata (raro subacuta); lobulus 5-6-plo brevior inflatus. 
Foliola plus 3-plo breviora suborbiculata ad 4 bifida, segmentis 
acutis obtusisve. Br. foliis duplo minores. 

[Taxi-L. tenera Sw.! Tota planta tenera fragilis. F. magna plana late 
oblique ovata, lobulo obsoleto. Foliola plus 2-plo breviora, segmentis 
acutis. Br. foliis multoties minores.—Jamaica.] 


** Folia, precipueque bractee, acuta acuminatave, apice 
perseepe subserrulata. 


8. Taxi-L. macrorhyncha, Caules decompositi. F. abrupte acuta raro 
rotundata, integerrima v. solum celluloso-subcrenulata, elobulata. 
Foliola 4-plo breviora paulo ultra $ bifida. Br. integerrimee, lobulo 
parvo vel 0; bracteola lanceolata ad ¢ bifida. Per. emersa pyri- 
formia longirostria. 

9. Tuxi-L. obtusangula. Parce ramosa, F. prelate semicordato-ovata 
acuta, apice raro subdenticulata, lobulo 5-plo breviore inflato. 
Foliola 4 folio majora cordato-orbiculata ultra 4 bifida. Br. sub- 


10. 


ike 


13. 


14. 


TAXI-LEJEUNEA. 215 


denticulatae, lobulatee; bracteola obovata ad 4 bifida. Per. clavato- 
oblonga rotundata apicem versus 5-gona demum fere leevia. 

Tan-L. florida. Pinnatim ramosa floribunda. F. subimbricata 
patentia late ovata subabrupte acuminulata integerrima, lobulo 
obsoleto. Foliola 2-plo minora ovato-orbiculata fere ad 4 bifida, 
Br. integerrime elobulate ; bracteola obovata, emarginato-bifida. 
Per. obovato- obconica, superne acute 5-carinata. 

Taxi-L. asthenica. Elongata pinnatim ramosa. F. tenuia late semi- 
cordato-ovato-triangularia acuminulata, apice v. acuta v. argute 
3-dentata, lobulo obsoleto. Foliola sub 3- -plo breviora late orbicu- 
lata ultra 4 bifida. Br. foliis breviores serrulate spinuloseve lobu- 
latee (vel non); bracteola oblonga ad } bifida. Per. clavato-oblonga 
alte 5-carinata. 

Taxi-L. Bombonasensis. Elongata bipinnata. F. tenera vix contigua 
late semicordato-ovata, alia subacuminata, alia obtusa, integerrima, 
lobulo obsoleto. Foliola foliis plus duplo minora orbiculata ultra 
4 bifida. Br. foliis breviores angulatze minute lobulate, antice sub- 
comnate } practeola obovato-lanceolata ad 4 bifida. Per. clavato- 
pyriformia retusula supra medium 5- carinata. 

Taxi-L. implera. Elongata vage decomposita. F. subimbricata late 
semicordato-ovata subacuta, integerrima vel apice angulato-denticu- 
lata, lobulo ad plicam minutam (raro subinflatam) redacto, Foliola 
2-3-plo minora paulo latiora quam longa ad 4 bifida. Br. foliis 
sublongiores anguste lobulate subdenticulate; bracteola oblonga ad 
4 1 bifida seepe utrinque 1- -dentata. Per. clavato- oblonga supra medium 
5-carinata, carinis apice rotundo-prominulis. 

—Var.! calliandra. F. seepe latiora magis imbricata. Foliola paulo 
ultra 4 fissa. Br. grosse serrate. Per. fere a basi carinata, carinis 
superne compressis alezeformibus subpapulosis. Andr. seepe preelonga, 
br. 20-jugis. 

—Var.! retiflora. F. magna rotundata v. superiora obtusa (nunquam 
acuta), lobulo minutissimo. Foliola fere 3-plo minora fere ad 
3 bifida. Br. foliis breviores subdenticulate. Per. breviuscula 
obconica reticulato-pellucida altiuscule 5-carinata, carinis apice 
prominulis. 


B. Dioice (speciebus monoicis haud certe affines). 


Taxi-L.?2 Tapajosensis. Albicans elongata subpinnata. F. apice 
rotundata subintegerrima, marginata, lobulo plo minore plano. 
Foliola 2-plo breviora elliptico- orbiculata fere ad ? bifida. Br. foliis 
minores integerrime, lobulo majusculo ; bracteola oblonga ad 
4 bifida. 

Taxi-L.? Paraensis. Subpinnata. F. flaccida semicordato-ovata acuta 
erosula, lobulo 8-plo  breviore subinilato, | c. pariete incrassato. 
Foliola 24-plo minora oblato-orbiculata ad 4 bifida. Br. andreecii 
paucijugze. 


1. Tax1-LEJEUNEA CHIMBORAZENSIS, Spruce. 


Hab. In montis Chimborazo sylvaticis, ad filices, alt. 1500™, 
Bao lO; 7 ue x 85, 85 x "75; c. medie +4, basales J, marginem anti- 


cum versus 3; br -9x°3; per “8x °3™, 


Pallide viridis, siccando flavicans, prostrata et ultra matricem in tegeti- 


culam horizontalem pendulamve protensa. Caules 2-3- -pollicares 


216 . TAXI- LEJEUNEA. 


arcte pinnati validiusculi, apice indefinite prolongati, alii ramulis 
floriferis (tam ¢ quam @ ) crebris bipinnati. 

Folia paululum imbricata plana, basi longitudinali decurrente inserta, 
semicordato-ovata, subtriangularia, apiculato-acuta—superiora rame- 
aque plus minus acuminata—apicem versus subspinuloso-denticu- 
lata, dentibus 3-9 (raro 0), tenuia pellucida, basi elobulata; cellule 
leptodermes fere vacue subelongate, mediz majuscule, mediam 
basin versus magne, submarginales sensim minores. 

Foliola contigua vel. parum imbricata, dimidium folium paulo super- 
antia, cordato-rotunda-ovatave, inferiora apice rotundata itegra, 
superiora caulina acuta seepeque minutissime bidentula, rima solum 
5 celluias alta; ramulorum fertilium autem duplo minora apiceque 
distincte breviter bifida. 

Flores monoici: 2 crebi, 3-6 ad quemque ramum seriatim secundi, 
quasi laterales, revera terminales, cymosi, ramo iteratim innovando 
(monotropo) insidentes. Bracteze foliis plus dimidio breviores lan- 
ceolatee ligulateeve acuminate subintegerrime, seepe* basi antica 
connate; bracteola tamen libera late ligulata ad 4 i bifida, segmentis 
acuminulatis, 

Perianthia parva subimmersa cylindrico-campanulata, triplo fere longiora 
quam lata, inferne teretia, superne obtuse pentagona, angulis apice 
bispinosis (spinis rectis vel varie curvis), perianthii ipsius apice 
truncato, depresso vel parum elevato, demum trifido vel irregulariter 
rupto. 

Amenta ¢ minutissima scorpioidea, folio caulino collaterali multoties 
breviora; bracteze sub 6-jugze orbiculatee concave, apice biloba, an- 
theridiis binatis. 

Lejeunea debilis Mont.! (Omphalanthus d. L. et Lg.), e specimine authen- 
tico in herb. Hook., certe distincta, caule flaccido; foliis lobulo distincto 
parvo inflato auctis, apice solum angulatis vel paucidentatis ; foliolis 
foliis vix minoribus (aquilatis sed perpaulo brevoribus), apice ad } usque 
fissis. 


2. TAxI-LEJEUNEA PTEROGONIA L. et L. 


Tungermania pterogonia L. et L. in Lehm. nov. ete. pugill. VI. 1834. p. 44. 
Syn. Hep. p. 306. 
Hab. Andes Peruvianos in M. Campana, Quitenses ad fl. Pastasa (alt. 


1400"); utrobique e ramis pendula. Antea in Mexico et Peruvia 
inventa est; vidi etiam specimina ad Caldas Brasiliz a cl. G. A. Lind- 


berg lecta. 
F 11x 1-0, ¢ gy-vky ft V1 x11, 10x 1-0; br °7 x °3; per ‘9x 35mm, 


Elata alieeyiniiis tenui strato repens dein dependens. Caules 6-polli- 
cares, interrupte pinnati vel subsimplices, flexuosi, ramis pro more 
brevibus. 

Folia subimbricata preelate ovata vel ovato-triangularia acuta apiculatave, 
apicem versus pauciserrnlata (dentibus sub 4), basi antica late 
semiccrdata (auricula rotundo-circinata), postica minutissime lobu- 
lata; cellulae mediz mediocres, basin posticam versus majores, sub- 
marginales multo minores, omnes leptodermes subplane. 

Foliola foliis a quimagna orbieul: ata, basi profundissime cordata, auriculis 
rotundis forficato-imbricatis, apice rima perangusta subobtusa ad 

1_1 alt. fissa, segmentis acutis. 


TAXI-LEJEUNEA. Pail 


Flores monoici: 9 in ramulis microphyllis, simplicibus vel pinnulatis, 
seriatim secundi quasi-laterales. Bractez foliis caulinis sat minores, 
forma varie, oblong vel ovato-lanceolatee superne plus minus 
serrate; bracteola oblonga ad + bifida pauciserrulata. 

Perianthia folio caulino breviora tubiformia vel anguste infundibuli- 
formia, inferne teretia, apice pentagona, angulis alatis, alis apice in 
cornua laciniato-ciliatove-cristata porrectis. Sectio perianthii juve- 
nilis transversa media subovalis, distincte obtuse pentagona. 


Obs. The leaves and underleaves on the fertile branchlets are only one- 
third the size of those on the stem, but of similar form, and there is only 
a single row of them below the flower on each innovation. 


3. TAXxI-LEJEUNEA SULPHUREA, L. et L. 


Jungermania sulphurea Lehm, et L. in Lehm. nov. etc. Pug. V. (1833) p. 
14. Lejewnea s. Syn. Hep. 307. 


Hab. Ad pedem Andium Quitensium secus fl. Bombonasa, in ramulis 
supra muscos repens, etiam ad folia viva. 


F10x9—8, ¢c 3; f* ‘7x ‘7; br “8x3; per 1:0 x ‘55, -9 x “65mm, 


Pallide viridis, siccando interdum flavicans, prostrata pendulaque, tenuis 
flaccida pellucida. Caules 3-pollicares intricati subpinnati, ramis 
brevibus szepe fcemineis. 

Folia subimbricata, basi lata longitudinali inserta, semicordato-ovato- 
triangularia, rotundata vel ex obtuso apiculata, medio supero cellu- 
loso-crenulata-serrulatave, apice distincte serrulata, dentibus ine- 
qualibus sub 7, basi postica minutissime inflexa, vel non; cellule 
majuscule equilaterze vel suboblong leptodermes, basin versus sen- 
sim laxiores, marginales superiores prominule. 

Foliola foliis + breviora subimbricata, raro subdissita, cordato-orbiculata 
undulata, rim& brevissima 5 cellulas solum alta apice bidentula, 
dentibus contiguis forficatisve acutis. 

Flores monoici: Rami ¢ breves parvifolii innovando-pauciflori. Brac- 
tex foliis 1 breviores lanceolatze acute serrulate elobulat, vel altera 
parvilolobulata; bracteola obovata repanda serrulatave apice biden- 
tata, raro integra. 

Perianthia foliis caulinis vix breviora, (duplo fere longiora quam lata) 
obeonico-campanulata—rarius clavata vel subcylindrica—eplicata, 
apice dilatato corrugato-inflexa demum lacero-lobulata. Capsula 
parva globosa. ; 

Amenta ¢ ad caulem, raro etiam ad ramos, foliis obtecta iisdemque 
multo breviora, decurvo-circinata; bracteze minute 3-5-juge. 


Obs. In plagule ambitu rami arcte bipinnati parvifolii, florescentiis 
erebris, masculis precipue, onusti interdum videntur. In talibus ramis 
folia multo minora angustiora subacuminata et validius dentata sunt, 
ita ut, si non e caule typice folioso plane orta fuissent, ad speciem 


alienam pertinere viderentur. 


Var. subintegristipula, minor, ditissime florifera, floribus 2 sepe in 
caulis ipsius apice innovando terminales, interdum fl. ¢ mixtis vel alter- 
nantibus; foliis subabrupte acuminulatis; foliolis paulo latioribus quam 
longis, aliis perfecte integris, aliis rima 4 cell. alta bidentulis—Ad fl. 
Negro cataractas, in cortice, cum aliis Lejeuneis. 


TRANS, BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XY. 25 


218 TAXI-LEJEUNEA. 


4, Taxt-LEJEUNFA RENISTIPULA, Lindenb. 
G. L. et N. Syn. Hep., 308. : 

Hab. In sylva Canelos, ad ramulos. 

F 1:6 x 1:25; lob .08; c. med. }-sb, marg. Je; f* 121-4, 1°25 1°6; br 
12% 4, °8x"°35; br" 10x 6; “8x "5: per 11 4b 

Pallide viridis pellucida tenuis, majuscula. Caules 3-6-pollicares, strati- 
ficati, vage vel pinnatim divisi, ramis stepe innovando-floribundis, 

Folia caulina magna (ramorum, precipue fertilium, duplo minora) ad 4 
imbricata, longitudinaliter inserta, patulo-divergentia, planissima, 
suboblique ovato-triangularia acuta vel subacuminata, apice dentato- 
serrata, dentibus 3-5, toto margine celluloso-crenulata, basi antica 
semicordata, margine postico a basi ad medium usque crispata et 
subincurva ‘(rugis sub 3), basi ipsa minutissime complicata, plica 
folio 20-plo breviori subquadrata plana; cellule majuscule pellucide 
subequilaterze, marginales mediis triplo minores pulchre promi- 
nule. 

Foliola imbricata magna, foliis etiam majora, paulo oblata, cordato-orbi- 
culata reniformiave, subplana, auriculis baseos tamen medio uni- 
plicatis, apice rotundato subretusove minutissime bidentula, rima 
solum 4-5 cellulas alta, dentibus conniventibus, margine toto 
pulchre celluloso-crenulata. 

Flores monoici: in ramis iteratim proliferis seriati, assurgenti-secundi 
conferti (ad 5-6 cujusque rami); bractez erectee foliis caulinis sub- 
duplo minores, variabiles tamen, alteraque duorum semper breviore, 
anguste lanceolatee subacuminatee supra medium subserratee, a basi 
ad 4 alt. anguste complicatee, plica lineari acuta; bracteola obovata ad 
4 (vel vix) bifida, segmentis acutis, apice dentato-serrata integerri- 
mave. 

Perianthia subemersa albida tenera clavata, teretia, apice rotundato sub- 
corrugata, 24-plo longiora quam lata, demum clavato-campanulata, 
apice rupta plurifida, segmentis inflexis vel seepe deciduis. 

Andrecia ad caulem, folio longe breviora, ovoidea, bracteis arcte imbri- 
catis mediocribus cymbiformibus. 


Melius pro Taxi-L. sulphuree varietate crispifolia grandistipula, quam 
pro specie propria habenda. 


5. Taxi-LEJEUNEA DICTYOCALYX, Spruce. 

Hab. Tunguragua, in arborum vetustarum cortice, alt. 2300, 

F 11x93 10°75, lob 1, ¢ ay; jf °55x°65, 4x5; br Sh x4 Bre 

°8 x ‘6, per 1:0 x *46™™. 

Pallide viridis flaccida, strato tenui effusa. Canles pollicares parum 
divisi subpinnati. 

Folia paulo (ad }) imbricata, angulo 70° adscendentia, e basi longitudi- 
nali, late semicordato-ovata subabrupte acuminulata acuta, acumine 
breviusculo vel foliorum superiorum longiore decurvulo, integerrima, 
basi anticé caulem late transeuntia, posticé angustissime inflexo- 
complicata (vel vix); cellulee mediocres pellucide fere vacue, 

Foliola dissita, foliis 2-plo (inferiora sub 3-plo) minora, profunde cordata, 
oblato-ovata vel suborbiculata, apice rima brevi (ad }-4 alt.) fissa, 
segmentis apiculato-acutis conniventibus, alis recurvis, 


TAXI-LEJEUNEA. 219 


Flores monoici; ? terminales, cum innovatione simplice, raro in ramo 
prolifero seriati. Bracteze erectee foliis subbreviores lanceolatze 
acuminulatz subserrate vel fere integerrime, ad medium bifida, 
lobulo perangusto apice lanceolato; bracteola late oblonga rotundata 
brevissime (raro ad 4 usque) bifida, apicibus acutis. 

Perianthia foliis caulinis subzequilonga clavato-oblonga rotundato-trun- 
cata brevi-rostellata, fere a basi alte 5-carinata—paulo compressa, 
pellucida reticulata leevissima. 

Amenta ¢ folio caulino duplo breyiora, incurva; braeteze sub 5-jugex 
minute pallide. 


Taxi-L. obtusangula, huic habitu persimilis, differt foliis subminoribus, 
solum acutis (nee acuminatis) distincte lobulatis; foliolis magis profunde 
(ultra 4) et valde obtuse bifidis; perianthiis minus alte carinatis supra 
medium constrictis. 

Taxi-L. florida, foliis minoribus vix semicordatis; foliolis minime pro- 
funde cordatis, apice fere ad mediwm bifidis ; bracteis integerrimis et peri- 
anthii carinis papulosis differt. 


6. Tax1-LEJEUNEA CREBRIFLORA, Spruce. 

Hab. 8. Gabriel fluvii Negro, in arborum foliis. 

F 10x75, 11x °85, ¢ sh—ds 3 flt 35x °45; br “6 X°75 per 85x 35™™, 

Late laxe repens pallida tenerrima crebre florifera, Caules pollicares et 
longiores bipinnati. 

Folia subcontigua, longitudinaliter fere inserta, oblique subfalcato-oblonga 
rotundata, basi minutissime inflexa; cellulee mediocres cequilatere, 
ad marginem posticum basinque majores, omnes valde diaphane. 
Folia ramea longe minora. 

Foliola dissita foliis 3-plo breviora oblato-orbiculata, ad vel ultra dimi- 
dium bifida, sinu triangulari, apicibus acutis. 

Flores monoici: 9 in ramulis iteratim innovatis seriatim secundi. Bracteze 
foliis } breviores, ligulato-lanceolate elobulate; bracteola late ligu- 
lata breviter bifida. 

Perianthia foliis caulinis breviora, subemersa, obpyramidato-clavata com- 
pressula, supra medium (vel fere a basi) alte 5-carinata, carinis sub- 
lzevissimis apice lato truncatis, rostello perbrevi. 

Andreecia ramulo tenui incuryo, folio collaterali subbreviore, constantia; 
bracteze 4—9-jugze parvee cito marcescentes. 

Var. arenicola. Folia minora seepius dissita, basi longe decurrente omnino 
elobulata, cellulis submajoribus.—In fluminis Orinoco arena, infra 
Esmeralda. 

Var. minutiflora. Foliola foliis 4-plo breviora. Bracteze fl. 2 minute 
parvilobulate. Perianthia carinis apice rotundato-truncatis. An- 
dreecia minuta, bracteis 2-jugis—Ad S. Gabriel, cum typo, in Gym- 
nopteridis fronde. 


Taxi-L. impleca 8. a priori distat caule crassiore ; foliis duplo fere 
minoribus, basi latioribus, apice angustioribus seepius subacutis, arctius 
reticulatis; foliolis vix ultra } bifidis; perianthiis brevioribus minus alte 
carinatis, carinis apice rotundo-prominulis (nec truncatis). 


220 TAXI-LEJEUNEFA. 


i 


7. TAXI-LEJEUNEA TENAX, Spruce. 

Hab. Caripi, prope Pard, in saxis maritimis, sterilis. 

F' 11x -95; lob 2; ¢gh3 f 35 x85; br-65;. br’? “6 xem 

Late depresso-cespitosa, viridis, siccando flavescens. Caules intricati, 
2-pollicares tenaces, subcompressi, strato corticali cellularum majorum 
sectione compressarum pellucidarum, stratisque 2 v. 3 concentricis 
cellularum 3-plo angustiorum, constantes, vage ramosi, ramis valde 
inzequilongis, rarius subpinnati, pinnis interdum floriferis. 

Folia subimbricata dissitave plana v. seepius decurvula, haud raro torta, 
late semicordato-ovata, rotundata obtusave, rarius subacuta, integer- 
rima, basi minute complicata; lobulus 5-6-plo brevior involutus, 
nunquam obsoletus ; cellulase mediocres subpellucidze leptodermes, 
solum ad angulos parum incrassate, inferiores majores, submargin- 
ales plures multo minores. 

Foliola foliis plus 3-plo breviora suborbiculata, ad medium bifida, 
segmentis acutis v. obtusis, seepissime radicellifera. 

Flores monoici (steriles solum visi): 9 in ramo brevi semel bisve inno- 
vando-prolifero terminales (quasi seriatim secundi). Bractez foliis 
fere duplo minores, forma varie, plerumque altera latior oblique 
ovata obtusa, altera lanceolata acuta, lobulo angusto lineari pler- 
umque aucte; bracteola ovali-lanceolata vix ad medium usque 
bifida ; omnes bractez integerrime. 

Amenta ¢ lateralia, folio caulino breviora, oblongo-subglobosa ; bracteze 
2-3-jugee majusculz. 

L. tenera, Sw.! Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occid. (ex ipso in hb. Hook.) fragilis 
est, nostra tenuior ; foliis sparsioribus, tam latis quam longis, obsolete 
lobulatis ; foliolis dimidio majoribus ; bracteis longe minoribus ; habitu 
tamen et foliis magnis valde similis. 


8. TaxI-LEJEUNEA MACRORHYNCHA, Spruce. 

Ilab. Tavalosos Andium Peruvianorum, alt. 800", in filice. 

KF 6x°4, 6x45, ¢ gh; f™°125 «125-175 ; br 5x12; brit 4x 155 
per *65 x °35, rostellum *1™™, 

Pusilla tenuis viridis arete repens intricata. Caules $—? pollicis longi, 
inordinatim decompositi, ramis brevibus. 

Folia subimbricata contiguave, basi laté longitudinali subdecurrente 
inserta, oblique ovata abrupte acuta apiculatave—raro obtusa rotun- 
datave—integerrima vel celluloso-subcrenulata, elobulata; cellule 
mediocres parum elongate convexule pellucidissime. 

Foliola foliis 4-plo breviora distantia subrotunda, ad vel infra medium 
bifida, segmentis ovato-lanceolatis acutis. 

Flores monoici: 9crebri, in ramo brevissimo terminales, innovatione 
iteratim prolifera vel simplice suffulti. Bracteze foliis breviores sub- 
erectze anguste lanceolate acute, basi parvi-lobulatee (vel altera non) ; 
bracteola lanceolata breviter (ad +) bifida, segmentis acutis, tenuis- 
Sima. 

Perianthia foliis sublongiora clavato-oblonga vel pyriformia longirostria 
subcompressa 5-carinata, carinis apice rotundis vix prominulis 
obscure subpapulosis, demum 4-fida, lobis cuspidatis. 

Amenta @ lateralia folio collaterali saepius longe breviora; bractesw 1-3- 
(raro usque ad 5-) juge, 


TAXI-LEJEUNEA. 220 


Obs.—The ? branches are rarely uniflorous—very mostly they are 
repeatedly floriferous, one or two pairs only of leaves intervening between 
two consecutive flowers. This character, and the usually acute leaves, 
have induced me to place the species in Tawi-Lejewnea rather than in 
Hu-Lejeunea, to which its humble stature assimilates it. 


9. Tax1-LEJEUNEA OBTUSANGULA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad fluvium Guamd, prope Pard, in palmarum truncis. 


#87, lob “15, ¢ p53 f'* 45% 55; br “75; br -6x-5, 6x°43 per 
HEI 4b, 10x “452, 

Prostrata, matteolas latas sistens, pallide viridis, ad ramos rufescens. 
Caules 1—-2-pollicares parce vage ramosi. 

Folia inferiora subdissita, superiora ad 4 lat. imbricata majoraque, 
patentia plano-decurvula, longitudinaliter inserta, praelate semicor- 
dato-ovata, subabrupte acuta, integerrima vel rarius apice angulata 
subdenticulatave, basi antica caulem late transeuntia, postica recte 
complicata; lobulus folio 5-plo minor semiovatus inflatus apice 
incurvus; cellule mediocres plane pellucidie, marginales convexulz. 

Foliola imbricata dimidium folium superantia (inferiora minora dissita), 
cordato-orbiculata-subovatave, paulo latiora quam longa, ultra 4 
obtuse bifida, sinu fundo lato lunulari, segmentis acutis inequi- 
longis. 

Flores monoici: @ rari, in ramo brevi terminales, innovatione simplice 
—raro iterum florifera—suffulti. Bracteze foliis minores, erect 
lanceolatze acute crispulee, obtuse denticulatee integerrimeeve, a basi 
ad $ alt. lobulo lineari auctze; bracteola obovata ad 4 acute bifida, 
segmentis acutis, ' 

Perianthia emersa, foliis caulinis longiora, clavato-oblonga, supra medium 
constricta, apice dilatato rotundata, inferne teretia apicem versus 
5-gona, angulis vix carinatis, demum apice fissa totaque fere longi- 
tudine teretia. 

Andreecia brevia tenuia; bracteze paucijugee. 


Quoad ramum @ plerumque uniflorum inter Hu-Lejeuneam et Tazi- 
Lejeuneam exacte media est. Taxi-L. asthenica, specie aftinis, foliis 
obsolete lobulatis; foliolis minoribus haud cordatis, sinu apicis acuto; 
ramis ? multifloris, etc., distincta est. 


10. Taxi-LEJEUNEA FLORIDA, Spruce. 


Hab. In valle Leito Andium Quitensium, ad arbores, alt. 2500™. 

F8x°‘7, ¢ dey; f'* 35x °4; br 55x °3; per “8x 38mm, 

Tenella ceespitosa saturate viridis valde floribunda. Caules subsemi- 
pollicares procumbentes implexi, pinnati vel subbipinnati, ramis 
superioribus confertis, inferioribus sparsis. 

Folia parum imbricata, ad angulum 50°—60° patentia, subplana, oblique 
late ovata subabrupte acuminulata acuta, basi antica dilatata caulem 
paulo transeuntia, postica decurrente lobulo 0 vel obsoletissimo; 
cellulze mediocres leptodermes pellucide. 

Foliola foliis duplo minora ovato-orbiculata ad medium fere bifida, sinu 
triangulari subobtuso, segmentis acutis, basi rotundata vel obscure 
cordata. 


222 TAXI-LEJEUNEA. 


Flores monoici; @ ad ramulos microphyllos seriatim secundi, pauci 
(1-3) ad quemque ramulum. Bractez foliis dimidio breviores erecté 
oblong vel semiobovate apiculate obtuszeve, lobulo nullo vel 
minutissimo; bracteola obovata emarginato-bifida. 

Perianthia subemersa obconica clavatave minute rostellata, alte 5- 
carinata, carinis papulosis; primum ab ipsa basi carinata, demum 
turgescentia fere teretia, solum apicem versus 5-carinata, carinis 
apice rotundatis nec prominulis. 

Amenta ¢ lateralia, folio caulino collaterali breviora, oblongo-rotunda, 
bracteis 3-jugis majusculis, vel longiora, bracteis 5-jugis. 

Foliis, bracteis bracteolisque, omnibus integerrimis, a plerisque Tas- 

Lejeuneis diftert. 


11. TaxI-LEJEUNEA ASTHENICA, Spruce. 


Hab. S. Carlos del Rio Negro, in “ caatingas,” ad arborum truncos ramos- 
que; Tarapoto, secus rivulos, supra alias hepaticas repens, alt 
600™. 

Fe8x°8, “75x 68, ¢ fy; f™ 3x35, *2x-2, 15x15; br “7x35 per 
O94, *7 x Bee. 

Pallida pellucida flaccida, repens, ex parte pendula. Caules 1-3-polli- 
cares tenuissimi pinnatim ramosi, ramis pro more brevibus. 

Folia contigua vel paulo imbricata, angulo 70° patentia, plana vel de- 
euryo-secunda, longitudinaliter inserta, late semicordato-ovata apice 
decurvo acuminulata acuta vel sepius 2-3-dentata, basi obsolete 
lobulata; cellule: mediocres pellucidze subconformes. 

Foliola inferiora parva distantia, foliis 5-plo minora, superiora solum 
24-plo minora, cordato-orbiculata, ad medium fere bifida, sinu seg- 
mentisque acutis. 

Flores monoici: 2 in ramis ramulisque homotropo-innovandis seriatim 
secundi. Bracteze foliis subminores oblongo-lanceolatz, apice trifidee 
vel subspinulose, basi lobulo minuto inflexo digitiformi aucte; 
bracteola oblonga ad 4 bifida paucidentata. 

Perianthia subemersa subcylindrica vel anguste obconico-pyriformia, 
medio supero 5-carinata, carinis minus altis apice rotundato-subpro- 
minulis, minute rostellata. 

Andreecia folio caulino longe breviora; bracteee minutw sub 3-jugee. 


12. Taxi-LEJEUNEA BoMBONASENSIS, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad pedem Andium Quitensium, secus fluvium Bombonasa, in cor- 
tice. 

F 9x9; ¢ py; fit 4x °4; br 8; br’* "75 x °35; per 65-75 x “3m™. 

Late laxe repens, tenella virescens. Caules bipollicares tenues bipinnati; 
rami invequilongi seepe florescentiis Q et ¢ pinnulati. 

Folia contigua vel subdissita, fere longitudinaliter inserta subplana, late 
suboblique semicordato-ovata, subacuta obtusave, alia leviter acumi- 
nata, basi postica lenissime incurva vel omnino eplicata; cellule 
mediocres eequilaterze subpellucide. 

Poliola distantia, foliis plus duplo minora, orbiculata ultra medium bifida, 
segmentis subacutis. 

Flores monoici: 9 ad ramos ramulosque abbreviatos terminales, basi 
innoyationem plus minus iteratim floriferam proferentes (unde 


TAXI-LEJEUNEFA. 275 


laterales et seriatim secundi viderentur). Bracteze foliis subbreviores 
lanceolate obsolete denticulate angulateve, antice brevi spatio seepe 
connate, lobulo minuto quadrato; bracteola obovato-lanceolata vel 
subrhomboidea ad medium bifida, segmentis acutis. 

Perianthia vix emersa clavato-pyriformia retusula obscure rostellata, in- 
ferne teretia supra medium 5-carinata, leevia, post capsulam emersam 
basi seepe elongata quasi-stipitata. 

Andreecia ad ramos sparsa brevia spiceeformia recta; bractese 3-6-jugze. 

Anne inter Tazi-L. implexe varietates enumeranda? Differt autem 
foliis majoribus latioribus; foliolis praecipueque bracteolis magis profunde 
fissis. 

13. TaxI-LEJEUNEA IMPLEXA, Spruce. 


Hab. In arborum cortice ad fluvii Negro cataractas, necnon secus fl. 
Huallaga juxta Yurimaguas et Tarapoto. 

Peapeiolu x 6, € sx; f'* "3X30, “2x "2; br. “7; per “15 x30. 

Pallide viridis tenera prostrata. Caules 1-2-pollicares subpinnatim 
decompositi implexi. 

Folia subimbricata plana, oblique vel fere longitudinaliter inserta, late 
semicordato-ovata abrupte acuta vel subacuminulata—raro rotun- 
data—integerrima vel apice angulari-denticulata, basi decurrente 
angustissime inflexa, lobulo minuto inffato vel subnullo ; cellule 
parvule subconformes eequilatere pellucidee. 

Foliola sub 3-plo breviora orbiculata (suboblata) ad 4 acute bifida, seg- 
mentis acutis. 

Flores monoici: 2 ad ramulos microphyllos seriatim secundi (revera in 
innovationibus perbrevibus successivis terminales). Bractez foliis 
subeequilonge lanceolatze subacuminate subdenticulate, anguste 
lobulatee vel non; bracteola libera oblonga vel cuneato-lanceolata 
ad 4 anguste bifida, segmentis subacuminatis, utrinque uni-pauci- 
denticulata. 

Perianthia subemersa clavato-oblonga brevirostria vix compressula, 
superne altiuscule 5-carinata, carinis apice rotundo-prominulis sub- 
leevibus. 

Amenta ¢ lateralia, folio collaterali plus minus breviora—rarissime in 
ramo terminalia—tenuia deflexa; bracteze 5-8-jugz parvee. 


Var.? callistachya 8. Folia seepe latiora densiora. Foliola paulo ultra 
i fissa. Flores 9 sepius in ramis normalibus, iteratim proliferis—rarius 
in ramulis parvifoliis—positi. Bracteze undulatez parce grosse serrate. 
Perianthia fere a basi carinata, carinis superne insigniter compressis ala- 
formibus interdum papulosis. Andreecia nonnulla valde longispica, 
bracteis ad 20-jugis— Ad fl. Negro cataractas cum typo. 

Var.? retiflora S. Major albescens. Folia apice rotundata, superiora 
interdum solum obtusa—nunquam acuta. Perianthia obconica altiuscule 
5-carinata pellucido-reticulata. Bractez integerrime vel grosse subdenti- 
culatzee—Ad Yurimaguas juxta fl. Huallaga. 


14. Taxi-LEJEUNEA TAPAJOSENSIS, Spruce. 
Hab. Ad fluminum Amazonum et Tapajos confluentiam, in ramorum 
cortice. 
Hepa op, lob 1, ¢as3 7 “4x35; br. b; br 4K 25o™. 
Albescens tenuis arcte repens. Caules 2-pollicares subpinnatim ramosi, 
ramis brevibus, subparalleli, 


224 TAXI-LEJEUNEA. 


Folia paulo imbricata late semicordato-ovato-oblonga, rotundata integer- 
rima, raro subangulata, margine toto cellulis parvis quadratis limbata, 
basi brevissime inflexa, plica folio 7-plo breviore rhomboidea acuta 
plana vel subinvoluta; cellule ;5™™ pellucide, inferiores sub- 
majores. 

Foliola foliis duplo breviora orbiculata vel late elliptica, profunde (fere 
ad 2) bifida, sinu segmentisque subacutis, cellulis lis foliorum duplo 
minoribus. 

Flores dioici: ? ad ramos monotropo-innovandos (raro parvifolios) seriati, 
pauci (sub 2); bracteze (juniores), foliis longe minores ovales obtusze 
profunde bifide, lobulo lingueeformi acuto; bracteola minor oblonga 
ad 4 acute bifida, apicibus acutis. 

Perianthia deerant. 


Foliolis fere bipartitis distincta. Forsan Hygro-Lejewnea erit. 


15. TAxI-LEJEUNEA PARAENSIS, Spruce. 

Hab. Caripi prope Para, in arboris vetustz cortice. 

F “75 X°6; 85 X°715 5.lob “1.¢ ay gf" “3 Ks00" 

Elatiuscula, prostrata pallide viridis; caules 1—14-pollicares intricati paulo 
subpinnatimque ramosi. 

Folia flaccidula subdecurva subimbricata, oblique semicordato-ovata, apice 
vix obliquo sensim brevi-acuta, basi subrecte complicata, lobulus folio 
fere 8-plo brevior, foliorum caulinorum ad pliculam angustam re- 
dactus, ramorum subinflatus; cellule ..™™, subpellucide, annulo 
angusto opaco cinctee, parietibus incrassatis, convexo-prominule (unde 
folia margine celluloso-erosula). 

Foliola foliis 24-plo minora, orbiculata, paulo latiora quam longa, ad 
medium bifida, segmentis subacutis. 

Fl. dioici, Andreecia (rudimentaria) cauligena, minutula, bracteis pauci- 
jugis. 


Suscenus XX VIL—MACRO-LEJEUNEA, 8. 


Subgenus, Taxi-Lejeuneis Codonocoleis e perianthiis parvis inflatis ecarin- 
atis, apice solo corrugatis, affine, differt ramulis 9 simplicissimis 
unifloris et florescentia dioica.—Caules interdum inordinate elongati, 
flaccidi simplices pinnative, seepe florescentiis pinnulati. Folia pler- 
umque convolutiva acuminataque, raro obtusa. Foliola persepe 
maxima cordata. Cellule mediocres parvuleeve vix incrassate. 

Hab. et Distr. Ad arborum truncos, ramulos foliaque, etiam ad saxa, 

in montibus tropicis sylvaticis, ad alt. 3500™ usque. Species 4 hucusque 

cognite sunt, se. L. pallescens Mitt. et L. apiculata Spruce, ex Andibus 

Quitensibus et Peruvianis; L. lineata L. et G. ex Antillis (etiam ex ins. 

Borboniz 2); et L. prominula Gotts. ex Andibus Columbiz. 

1. Macro-L. pallescens. Prelonga pallida. F. dissita erecto-patentia con- 
volutiva semicordato-ovata acuminulata integerrima, raro apice sub- 
denticulata, lobulo triplo breviore inflato y. obsoleto. Foliola foliis 
fere wquimagna, breviora, late cordato-ovata ad 4 bifida, segmentis 
erectis acuminulatis. Br. foliis plus duplo minores subzequilobze 
serrate; bracteola cuneato-lanceolata vix ad 4 bifida. 


Macro-LEJEUNEA. 225 


2. Macro-L.subsimplex. Sordide viridis flavidave. F. subimbricata diver- 
gentia subplana semicordato-ovata ex rotundo apiculata celluloso- 
crenulata, lobulo 6-plo breviore inflato. Foliola eequimagna cordato- 
reniformia ultra } bifida, segmentis acuminatis. Br. foliis sub- 
breviores subeequilobe integerrime ; bracteola obovata vix ad 4 
bifida. 

[Macro-L. lineata. Sordide flavida. F. subimbricata divergentia falcata 
cordato-lingulata obtusa, lobulo parvulo valde ventricoso fere glo- 
boso. Foliola plus duplo breviora ovato-rotunda ad 4 bifida, seg- 
mentis acutis. Br. foliis longiores valde falcatse anguste lobulate ; 
bracteola solum emarginata. Per. cylindrica subcompressa ecarinata 
apice quadrangula.—Ins. Antillis. ] 


1. Macro-LEJEUNEA PALLESCENS, Mitt. ! 
In Hook. Journ. Bot. (1851), p. 360. 


Hub. Andes Quitenses in montibus Guayrapata, Tunguragua, ete., in mM. 
Azuay fertilis, ex arborum ramis pendula.—In herb. Hook. adest, 
prope Quito a JAMESON lecta. 

F 16x°7, 1:0x°6; ¢ pay; fl 1:0x°9, 6x6; br 5-6 longe; per 

, x 

Pallide viridis flavidave flaccidissima substratificata; caules 4—9-poll. 
longi tenues subsimplices, raro subpinnatim ramosi, ramis dissitis 
inzequilongis, aliis brevissimis floriferis, Q vel ¢. 

Folia dissita v. vix imbricata, tenuia, erecto-patula, convolutiva, basi longe 
decurrentia oblique semicordato-ovata, subabrupte acuminulata acuta 
integerrima v. apice angulata raro subdenticulata, basin versus sinuato- 
complicata; lobulus lobo 3-plo brevior, v. minutus, raro obsoletus, 
ovato-rhombeus inflatus, apice acuto inflexo raro explanato; cellule 
mediocres parvulve, leptodermes zequilaterze pellucide, fere planis- 
simee, inferiores sensim majores. 

Foliola subimbricata foliis sat breviora seepe autem latiora cordato-ovata 
ad y. paulo ultra } bifida, segmentis acutis acuminulatisve parallelis 
v. forficatis, auriculis baseos majusculis subimbricatis v. recurvis, 
lateribus insigniter incurvis. 

Flores dioici: 9 cauligeni ramigenique minuti, f. caulino breviores, inno- 
vatione nulla suffulti; bracteze bijugee, exteriores minute, interiores 
foliis plus duplo minores, vix ad 4 usque bilobee, lobis ovali-lanceo- 
latis acutis serratis, inferiore subangustiore; bracteola cuneato-lan- 
ceolata, fere ad 4 bifida, segmentis subacuminatis, serrulata, hinc cum 
bractea basi connata. 

Perianthia f. caulinis subduplo breviora, obconico-pyriformia, inflata 
levissima, apice rotundato-depresso obscurissime 4—5-umbonulato, 
ore minuto, rostello nullo. Calyptra vix brevior tenuis, apice irregu- 
lariter rupta. Capsula globosa. 

Amenta ¢ in planta propria robustiore (!) cauligena, f. caulinis sub- 
longiora decurva albida; bracteze 6-10-jugee parvee subconfertee valde 
concave bilobze, lobis subeequalibus ovatis obtusis. Bracteole ovales 
apice bifidee. 


The 9 flowers are terminal on very short ramuli, which never 
innovate, and have only oue pair of minute leaves (or bracts) below 


the involucre proper. These ramuli are often pretty copiously 
TRANS, BOT. SOC. EDIN, VOL. XV. 2F 


o~) 


226 Macro-LEJEUNEA. 


scattered along the stem and branches; they spread horizontally and 


distichously, and thus differ essentially from the multiflorous 9 
branches of Taxi-Lejeunea, 


2, Macro-LEJEUNEA SUESIMPLEX, Mont. 
Ann, des Sciences Nat, (1843). 
Hab. Andes Peruvianos, in mentibus Tarapotensibus, ad saxa. 
#65 x 55; lob +1; ¢ ay; f'* °55x°7; br 55; br -5 x -35™m, 


Prostrata substratificata, sordide flavida viridisve; canles 2-3-pollicares 
parum ramosi, flaccidi, ramique elongati, simplices v. floribus ? 
pinnulati, supra 3 cellulas lati, 

Folia subimbrieata, a basi brevi semierectA saccat4, abrupte divergentia, 
subplana, late oblique semicordato-ovata, ex apice inequilatero- 
rotundato (margine postieo convexiore) subabrupte apiculata acuta, 
apiculo 3-4e, longo, basi 2-3c. lato, margine toto celluloso-crenulata, 
antice sub apice denticulo sepe aucto; lobulus folio 6-plo brevior 
inflatus margine transverso inflexo, apice occulto; cellule mediocres 
ad angulos perpaulo inerassate, granis chlorophylli oblongis in annu- 
lum angustum opacum congestis, ceeterum pellucide, simum versus 
subelongatie, 

Foliola cordato-reniformia, auriculis baseos majusculis, apice vix ultra 4 
bifida, segmentis contiguis acuminatis, 

Flores dioici: ramuli 9 simplicissimi laterales, folia caulina perpaulo 
excedentes, foliis infra-foralibus minutis 1- (raro 2-8-) jugis. Brac- 
tee propriz foliis subbreviores acute integerrime, lobis lanceolatis, 
postico paulo breyiore duplo angustiore; bracteola obovata vix ad 4 
bifida, 

In monte Campana inveni formam tenuiorem magis et subpinnato- 
ramosam, foliis angustioribus, foliolis duplo minoribus suborbiculatis; 
quoad flores @ ceterosque cataracteres typo supradescripto omnino con- 
formem, Mensura partium sequitur: 

F ‘65 x °45, lob 1; ¢ #5; fi? 3x °3, 385 x 135mm, 


L. pallescenti et subsimplict plane aftinis est L. lineata L. et Lg.! (in 
hb. Hook,—ex insula S. Christophori) quoad florescentias laterales sim- 
licissimas et perianthia leyia ecarinata; differt foliis falcatis obtusis, 
ishals fere globaso,—In ‘Synopsi Hep.’ L. subsimplea descripta fuit folias 
omnino elobulatis, unde eandem esse ac meam Andinam primum non 
recognovi; postea autem in Exsiceatis Antillanis Cl. Husnoti eandem 


vidi, Gottscheo nominatam, foliis lobulatis cet, char, plante Andinze 
perfecte conformem, 


Suscenus XXVII,—OTIGONIO-LEJEUNEA, 8 


Plantul perianthiis fere teretibus, apice solo carinatis, carinisque in 
alam auriculamve, integram vel fissam, ultra perianthium recte productis; 
necnon e foliis laxe textis, seepe elobulatis ad T'aai-Lejewneas Codonocoleas 
accedere viderentur; yalde diverse autem statura pusilla, foliis ete. post 


OTIGONIO- LEJEUNEA. 220 


siccationem tardissime emollituris, foliolis parvis, interdum minutis, 
ramis 2 haud parvifoliis (quamvis seepe multifloris tanquam in Taz7- 
Lejeunets), perianthiis pro more immersis.—Hu-Lejeuneis Parvistipulis 
quoad vegetationis organa majorem. similitudinem habent; perianthiis 
levibus apice solo carinato-auriculatis, calyptrz stylo protruso ad spe- 
ciem longirostratis (rostello vero subnullo), longius divergunt.—0O. L. 
5-umbonata, pro perianthii carinis superne distinctioribus, apice autem 
solum in umbones prominulis, ab 0.-Lejewneis typicis recedit; specimina 
tamen aquam tardissime imbibunt, czterisque caracteribus omnino cum 
O.-Lejeunets convenit. Huic peraflinis est Hu-Lejeunea Tarapotensis, nex- 
umque inter Hu-Lejeuneas et Otigonio-Lejeuneas bene prebet.—Quoad 
perianthium apice 3-5-cornntum-auriculatumve affinitatem aliquantulam 
cum Cerato-Lejewnea monstrat; auriculz autem semper plane, nec con- 
volute (quales in C.-Lejeunea) sunt. Cerato-Lejewnea differt insuper 
statura majore, colore lurido, textura firmiore, presentia foliorum in 
utriculum magnum convolutorum, denique perianthiis. 


Hab. et Distr. In sylvis tropicis densis ad truncos vetustos preecipueque 
ad putrescentes. Extra sylvam Amazonicam—ubi 5 species rarius et 
sporadice occurrunt, in Andibus supra 500™ alt: haud ascendentes— 
nullibi quantum scio inyente. 


1. 0.-L. xiphotis. Dioica? F. rotundata raro subacuta, lobulata sub- 
crenulata. Foliola fere 4-plo breviora ultra 3 bifida, segmentis 
acuminulatis. Br. foliis submajores subzequilobz acute crenulato- 
serrulate; bracteola ovalis fere ad 4 bifida. Per, subimmersa pel- 
lucida ovalia, carinulis apicis in auriculas erectas lanceolatas ple- 
rumque integras productis. 

2. O.-L. schizotis. Monoica. F. majuscula, omnia rotundata integer- 
rima, pleraque elobulata. Foliola 5-7-plo minora ad 4 bifida, seg- 
mentis acutis. Br. foliis multo minores inzquilobz; bracteola 
ligulata ad } bifida. Per. emersa pyriformia, apice 4-5-carinato- 
auriculata, auriculis 2-3-laciniatis conniventibus. 

3. 0.-L. acanthotis. Dioica, F. semicordato-ovata subacuta suberenulata 
lobulata. Foliola 3-plo breviora ad 4 bifida, segmentis subacuminatis. 
Br. foliis majores inzquilobe grosse serrulate; bracteola ovali- 
lanceolata subserrulata ad 4 bifida, segmentis tenui-acuminatis. 
Per. immersa clayato-pyriformia carinata, apice in auriculas 3 y. 4 
erectas ligulatas (summo apice 3-spinulosas) producta. 

4. 0.-L. cyrtotis. Monoica. FF. rotundata, ramea subacuta, elobulata. 
Foliola plus 3-plo minora ad 3 bifida, segmentissubobtusis. Br, foliis 
zequilong integerrimz, altera elobulata; bracteola ovalis breviter 
bifida. Per. immersa clavato-cylindrica, carinis apicis in cornua 
brevi-subulata porrectis. 

5. 0.-L. 5-wmbonata. Monoica. F. abrupte acuta, inferiora rotundata, 
sepissime elobulata. Foliola subtriplo minora ad $ bifida. Br. 
foliis longiores crenulatze subserratz parvilobulat; bracteola obovato- 
lanceolata bidentata. Per. immersa pyriformi-oblonga supra medium 
5-carinata, carinis apice in cornua (umbonesve) brevissima obtusa 
porrectis. 


1. Or1conto-LEJEUNEA XIPHOTIS, Spruce. 
Hab. Tauat, prope Pard, in cortice. 
F -38 x30, lob 09, css; f'* ‘1x 125; br. lobus “4x15; br'* *4%-25; per 
aX °25™™, 


228 OTIGONIO-LEJEUNEA. 


Pusilla pallida repens, aliis Lejewnets intricata. Caules semipollicares 
vage subramosi, apice seepe longe simplices. 

Folia subimbricata subdecurvo-concava, basi angusta inserta, late dimi- 
diato-ovata, vel cuneato-obovata, rotundata—raro abrupte acuta, 
parum celluloso-crenulata, margine postico supra lobulum recto vel 
subconcavo basin versus recte vel subsinuato-complicata; lobulus 
folio 4-plo brevior turgide ovoideus, sinu excisulo, apice seepius 
occulto; cellule parvule zquilatere pellucida. 

Foliola distantia, foliis 4-plo fere breviora, subrotunda, ultra medium 
acute bifida, sinu lato, segmentis subdivergentibus acutis acuminu- 
latisve. 

Flores dioici (?): Q in ramo brevissimo terminales, innovatione suffulti. 
Bractez foliis sublongiores, perianthium obtegentes, ad % compli- 
cato-bilobe, angulate et celluloso-crenulatee—raro etiam hic illic 
subdenticulatee, lobis lanceolatis acutis subaequalibus vel inferiore 
angustiore; bracteola ovalis vel longe obovata, vix ad medium 
anguste bifida, segmentis acuminulatis. 

Perianthia subimmersa parva pellucida, ovalia ovatave, subteretia, solum 
apicem versus 4—5-carinata, carinis apice in auriculas lanceolatas linea- 
resve, integras vel 2-3-fidas erecto-conniventes protractis; infra 
auriculas constricta, apice pertusa erostria. Calyptra pyriformis 
capsule zequilonga, stylum e perianthii orificio ultra auriculas exser- 
tui apice gerens. 


2. OTIGONIO-LEJEUNEA SCHIZOTIS, Spruce. 


Hab. In fl. Negro et Uaupés ripis, ad truncos inundatos etiam ad pro- 
stratos putrescentes. 

F7x°5, c. sh; f 1x07, 15x 1; br -5; br’? 4x °13; per 65 x 35; 
br d 1-"15™™, 


Pusilla viridis in stratum tenue effusa. Caules 3—}-pollicares, repentes, 
sat ramosi vel etiam decompositi, ramis paucifoliis. 

Folia contigua vel parum imbricata, assurgentia plana longitudinaliter 
inserta, oblique oblonga, vel (basi subdilatata) ovato-oblonga rotun- 
data elobulata, alia subfaleata; cellule mediocres, centro pellucida 
ambitu opacze, inferiores sensim majores. 

Foliola distantia, cauli appressa eodemque vix latiora, foliis 5-7-plo 
minora, ovata, ad 4 bitida, segmentis lanceolatis acutis. 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo seepe iteratim innovando-prolifero terminales. 
Bracteze f. caulinis multo minores, ab apice ad 4 solum bifide, dein 
complicate ; lobo ligulato-oblongo rotundato-truncato, lobulo lineari- 
rhomboideo apice libero triangulari-lanceolato acuto; bracteola ligu- 
lata breviter (ad 4—} alt.) acute bifida, segmentis acutis, 

Perianthia f, caulinis subeequilonga, pyriformia teretia, solum apicem 
versus 5-carinata, carinis 4 (vel omnibus) apice cristato-auriculatis, 
cornutisve, cristé in lacinias 2 vel 3 subulatas conniventes fiss4, 
rarius subulé unicé constante, vertice convexo perforata (orificio 
minuto vix tubulari), stylo fructus maturati pralongo alte protruso 
ad speciem rostellata. 

Amenta ¢ crebra ramulo tenui constantia, plerumque folio collaterali 
longiora; bractew 5-7-jugw minute (foliis 5-plo brevieres), com- 
presso-galeformes, apice acuminato-subrostrato seepius integra. 


OTIGONIO-LEJEUNEA. 229 


3. OTIGONIO-LEJEUNEA ACANTHOTIS, Spruce. 


Hab. San Carlos del Rio Negro, in cortice. 

F 55x 5, 55x °5; lob.-125, ¢ 2; f'* ‘2x °25, 18x °18; br. lobus -8 x “35; 
eee ex 4; per “7 x -25™™. 

Pusilla prostrata pallide viridis. Caules }-pollicares bipinnatim sub- 
ramosi intricati. 

Folia subimbricata subplana horizontaliter patula, obscure falcata, semi- 
cordato-ovata abrupte subacuta, margine plus minus celluloso- 
erosula apiceque seepe angulata denticulatave, basi sinuato-compli- 
cata; lobulus 5-plo fere brevior late semiovatus inflatus, margine 
ineurvo ; cellule parvule pellucidissime, pariete trigonis parvis 
subinerassato, inferiores longiores latioresque vix autem in ocellum 
aggregate. 

Foliola distantia, foliis triplo minora, orbiculata, ad medium bifida, 
segmentis subacuminatis, acutis. 

Flores dioici: 2 terminales, innovatione simplice proliferave suffulti. 
Bractez foliis majores complicato-bipartite, lobis lanceolatis acutis 
grosse serrulatis, inferiore paulo (vel duplo) minore; bracteola ovali- 
lanceolata, ad 4 bifida, segmentis tenui-acuminatis, serrulata vel 
subintegerrima. 

Perianthia bracteis immersa, clavato-pyriformia teretia (ecarinata), apice 
in auriculas 3 vel 4 erectas ligulatas (apice divaricato-3-spinulosas) 
protracta. Calyptra perianthium replens, pyriformis, stylo protruso 
coronata. 


Otigonio-L. xiphotis differt foliis dimidio minoribus concavis integer- 
rimis basi angustis (nec semicordatis); foliolis minoribus magis profunde 
bifidis; bracteis duplo minoribus integerrimis; perianthiis ovalibus apice 
carinatis, carinis in auriculas lanceolatas pro more integras protractis. 


4, OTIGONIO-LEJEUNEA CYRTOTIS, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad fl. Cauapuna, fluvio Negro tributarium, in truncis prostratis. 

F “75x °65, “75x °5; lob 0; em. sh; f' 2°15; br °75 x35; br 
abaro)-8 Per. OX 50, 79 X icon, 

Otigonto-L. xiphotis perafiinis, differt caracteribus sequentibus. Pallidior, 
tenerrima minus ramosa. Folia ovato-oblonga rotundata, ramea 
superiora spe obtusa subacutave; cellule submajores (medi 
majusculz, margines versus mediocres) leptodermes ambitu anguste 
opace. Foliola submajora ovali-rotunda orbiculatave ad 4 bifida, 
segmentis acutis obtusisve. Fl. ? in ramo brevissimo terminales, 
innovatione parva sumplice foliosa, v. persepe g, sutfulti; bractez 
longiores, ligulato-lanceolats plerumque acute, altera elubulata, 
altera lobulo perangusto lineari a basi ad medium aucta; bracteola 
longe brevior ovalis apice breviter bifida. Perianthia immersa 
(demum, basi elongata, subemersa) clavato-cylindrica compressula 
truncata brevi-rostellata, subteretia, solum apice ipso 4-5-carinata, 
carinis in cornua brevi-subulata porrectis, fructu egresso aperta, 
obeonica, ore 10-dentata. 

Amenta ¢ f. caulino breviora tenuia, seepe in ramulo dimidio inferiore 
nudo terminalia; bracteze 4—5-jugee parvee subconfertee—In ramulis 
raro adyeniunt folia lobulo brevi aucta. 


OTIGONIO-LEJEUNEA. 


ho 
© 
(<x) 


5. OTIGONIO-LEJEUNEA 5-UMBONATA, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylva Amazonica, variis locis, preecipue secus fl. Negro, necnon 
in Andium radicibus ad Tarapoto; nusquam frequens, semper in 
cortice vetusto vigens. 

F 6x °4,°5x°35, lob 1-2, c Jab; fit 125-2; br 8x3, 9 x °35, °7K 3; 
br "6X35; per “75 X°3, ‘55 K"25™™. 

Pusilla viridis albicansve prostrata, matrici arcte adherens, tenuis, tener- 
rima, post siccationem haud facile emollitura. Caules 3-4-pollicares 
vage ramosi, interdum decompositi, ramis paucifoliis. 

Folia basi sola imbricatula, subplana, oblique (vel subsemi-) ovato- 
oblonga, abrupte acuta obtusave, inferiora seepe rotundata, margine 
pulchre celluloso-crenulata vel (rarius)-serrulata, plerumque elobu- 
lata, lobulo presente tamen ovato folio 3-5-plo breviore ; cellule 
mediocres valde diaphanz fere vacue, pariete tenuissimo, inferiores 
sensim majores, marginales obtuse—rarius acute — prominule, 
ceeterze subplanee. 

Foliola distantia, foliis 4-plo minora, fragilissima, rotunda, ad 4 bifida, 
segmentis acutis subobtusisve. 

Flores monoici: @ terminales, innovatione florifera, ¢ vel 9—raro 
neutra—interdum iterum innovata—suffulti. Bractez foliis dimidio 
longiores suberectie, ligulato-oblongee-lanceolateve acute obtuseeve 
celluloso-crenulatee insuperque (sed rarius) grosse subserratz, basi 
anguste complicate (vel non), lobulo minuto lineari, seepe nullo; 
bracteola oblonga vel ovali-cuneata integra, retusula, vel breviter 
bidentata (in fl. sterili ad medium fere fissa). 

Perianthia immersa, clavato-obconica vel anguste pyriformia, ex apice 
depresso insigniter conico-rostellata, subcompressa, inferne ecarinata, 
supra medium 5-carinata, carinis apice umbonato-prominulis— 
cornua rudimentaria obtusa, raro subacuta, fingentibus, cellulic 
extantibus dissitis pellucidis papillosis; demum, fructu egresso. 
obeconico-campanulata, ore hiantia. Capsula globosa, in pedicellc 
geniculato exserta. 

Amenta ¢ rami apicem, rarius totum tenentia, flori ? adjecta dissitave ; 
bracteze 3-4-jugee—raro usque ad 10-jugee—majusculee, 

Otigonio-Lejeunea 5-wmbonata inter hoe subgenus et Hu-Lejeuneam 
medium locum tenet, melius forsan ad posterius referenda.—Hu-Lejeunea 

Tarapotensis, perianthiis ad carinas apice prominulas papillosis, nostree 

affinis est; differt foliis majoribus omnibus rotundatis integerrimis ; 

foliolis pro ratione minoribus; bracteis foliis sat brevioribus (nec multo 
longioribus); demum perianthiis ab ipsa basi (nec apice solo) carinatis. 


Supcenus XX VIJL—HYGRO-LEJEUNEA, S. 


Plantze elatee speciosee tenerrimee laxe textee valde hygrophore, recentes 
pallidee, in sicco seepe fuscescentes. Caules erecti, vel ex parte re- 
pentes ex parte penduli, seepe dense stratificati, varie ramosi, ramis 
2 swpissimo dichotomis, planta 2 tamen steriliumque laxe pinnatim 
ramosi, ramis interdum microphyllis. 

Folia magna, ‘6-1:5™ longa, ‘45-1:1™ lata, subimbricata, semicordata, 
plus minus acuta, raro obtusa rotundatave, lobo a sacculi basalis 


HyGro-LEJEUNEA. 23 


apice seepe angulo recto divergente, lobulo inflato interdum parvo 
nunquam obsoleto, inteverrima v. seepius celluloso-crenulata; cellule 
mediocres (z4)—3;™™), leptodermes vy. ad angulos paulo incrassatie, 
plane v. seepius convex (unde folia facie papulosa, margine crenu- 
lata, evadunt.) 

Foliola in plurimis maxima, foliis equimagna v. etiam majora—in paucis 
subminora—latiora quam longa, plus minus reniformia; basi sepius 
cordata; apice in paucis speciebus perfecte integra, in pluribus bre- 
vissime bidentula, in paucis aliis ad }—4 (in nulla ad $) usque bifida; 
omnium sp. concava (lateribus incurvis), apice solo interdum re- 
flexula, integerrima v. crenulata. 

Flores constanter dioici, fominei innovatione unilaterali, vel seepius 
duabus oppositis, haud raro proliferis, suffulti, Bracteze complicato- 
lobulat acute acuminateeve integerrime v, crenulatée v. raro spinu- 
lose; bracteola seepius obovata emarginata bifidulave, solum in L. 
reflecistipula integra. 

Perianthia (in paucis observata) longe pyriformia subcompressa 5-carinata, 
carinis sublevissimis, apice rotundato prominulis—in L. pentotantha 
insigniter auritis. 

Amenta ¢ parva, spe in ramulis terminalia; bracteze 5-jugse antheridia 
bina magna foventes. 


Ab Euosmo-Lejeuneis differant Hygro-Lejeunce (ceeterum, habitu, foliolis 
magnis, etc. sat affines) odoris absentia, textura laxa; ramis 9 persepe 
dichotomis; foliis pro more majoribus tenerioribus acutis, cellulis pro m. 
leptodermibus ; foliolis interdum integris; bracteis @ subspinulosis; 
perianthiis magis compressis, minus alte carinatis. 

Hab. semper arborea, plerumque ad ramulos, rarissime ad folia viva, 
nunquam ad truncos putrescentes, in sylvis equatorialibus tam planis 
quam montium editiorum, ; 

Distr. In America 13 species legi, omnes fere in jugis Andium sylvaticis 
ad alt. 3500™ usque, quarum 2, L. reflexistipula L. et L. et L. devoluta n. 
sp., interdum in planitiem descendunt; 2 aliz, sc. L. matteola n. sp. et 
L. intexta n. sp. planitiei propriz videbantur. Alize plures Lejewnew ab 
auctoribus descripte huc referende videntur, tales sunt L. Loxensis G., 
L. Huanucensis G., L. Dominicensis Mont., L. cordistipula L. et G., L. 
cordifissa Tayl., L. flavicons G., L. Sullivanti G., L. hygrophila G., L. 
Choachina G., etc. etc., omnes neotropice; paleotropicee autem sunt L. 
Lindenbergii G. et Montagnet G., e descriptionibus ad idem subgenus 
referende. 

A. Foliola integra. 


a. Fl. 2 sepissime dichotomiales. 


1. H.-L. catinulifera. Pusilla. F. rotundata integerrima, lobulo bis im- 
plicato $ folium fere eequante. Foliola fere duplo breviora, sub- 
cordato-reniformia rotundata cochleata. Br. cum bracteola connate. 
Perianthia cbtuse carinata, innovationibus duabus suffulta. 

2. H.-L. patellifere. <A pr. differt minutie, caule sparso; foliis obtusatis 
papulosis, lobulo semel implicato ad plicam turgidissimo ; foliolis 
orbiculatis planis; bracteis duplo minoribus liberis; perianthiis alte 
carinatis, innovatione unilaterali. 

3. H.-L. Spongie. lata tenerrima. F. obtusa v. subacuta, papulosa 
erenulata, lobulo 5-plo breviore. Foliola foliis equimagna prelate 
reniformia retusa planiuscula. Br. liberee. 


232 HyGRrRo-LEJEUNEA. 


b. Fl. 2 in ramo innovando seriatim secundi. 


4. H.-L. reflexistipula. F.lobulo minuto. Foliola foliis eequalia majorave 
prelate reniformia apice recurva. 


B. Foliola apice brevissime bidentula. 

5. H.-L. Pastasensis. F. late semiovata falcata oblique acuta apiculatave, 
raro apice denticulata; lobulus 3-plo brevior subplanus. — Foliola 
foliis breviora, fere cequilata, cordato-orbiculata, ad 4 fissa, dentibus 
apiculatis. Innovationes unilaterales. Br. f. breviores serrulate, 
lobis lanceolatis acuminatis; bracteola obovato-lanceolata ad } fissa, 
segmentis acutis. 

+ [H.-L. cerina L. et L.  F. semicordato-ovata acuminulata angulato- 
repanda celluloso-crenulata, lobulo parvo turgido. Foliola foliis 
imo majora, reniformi-rotunda subcordata rim& apicali 5-7e. alta 
vix ad } bitida— Brasilia, Mexico.] 

6. H.-L, devoluta. F. late semicordato-ovata apice devoluto obtusata, 
raro subacuta, subcrenulata, lobulo vix triplo breviore subplano. 
Foliola fere duplo breviora cordato-reniformia, rima apicis 2—4c. alta, 
margine toto recurvula. Innoy. plerumque opposite. Br. denticu- 
latee, lobis ovato-lanceolatis acutis ; bracteola obovato-ovalis ad $ 
fissa. Per. subimmersa oblongo-pyriformia compressula, carinis 5 
apice latioribus umbonato-prominulis. 

7. H.-L. fulva. F. fragilia supra lobulum 5-plo breviorem saccatum 
divergentia, semicordato-ovata obtusata subcrenulata. Foliola vix 
minora orbiculato-reniformia basi profunde cordata, apice ad 4 fissa, 
crenulata. 

C. Foliola apice ad t-4 alt. bifida. 


H.-L. pentotantha. F.supra basin saccatam patula cordato-ovata, apice 
valde decurvo tenui-acuminulata, crenulata, lobulo 3-plo minore. 
Foliola vix minora, profunde cordato-orbiculata, ad 4 bifida, seg- 
mentis apiculatis. Br. foliis longiores ovales subacuminate laciniate; 
bracteola suborbiculata crispata, ad 4 bifida, sublaciniata. Per. 
emersa obconica supra medium obtuse 5-gona, angulis apice in auri- 
culas maximas dilatatis. 

H.-L. prionoides. Pallida tenerrima. F. divergentia semicordato-ovato- 
lanceolata acutata sinuato-complicata, lobulo 5-7-plo breviore saccato. 
Foliola foliis superficie majora, prelate cordato-orbiculata, ad 4 bifida, 
segmentis obtusis. Fl. 9 dichotomiales. Br. foliis subco nformes; 
bracteola foliolis similis, ad 4 autem bifida. 

10. H.-L. heterocheila. F. subdivergentia semicordato-ovato-oblonga 
acuminato-bispinosa, lobulo minuto. Foliola foliis paulo minora 
cordato-subreniformia ultra 4 bifida, segmentis apiculatis. 

ll. H.-L. rotundifolia. F. supra basin saccatam suberectam divergentia, 
late semicordato-oblonga rotundata subcrenulata, lobulo 3-plo_ bre- 
viore. Foliola foliis eequimagna cordato-reniformia ad 4 bifida, 
seymentis apiculatis. FI. 9 dichotomiales. Br. acute angulate; 
bracteola obovato-rotunda emarginata, segmentis contiguis acutis. 
Per, emersa clavato-oblonga valde compressa 5-carinata. 

12. H.-L. impleca. F. semicordato-orbiculata erosula, lobulo 6-plo bre- 

viore vix inflato. Foliola vix minora cordato-orbiculata, ad vel ultra 

1 bifida, segmentis divergentibus acuminulatis. Innovationes fl. 

unilaterales. Br, obtusatze; bracteola suborbiculata fere ad 4 bifida, 

segmentis suberectis obtusis. : 


od 


el 
—o 


HyGro-LEJEUNEA. 2aa 


13. H.-L. Matteola. F. divergentia rhomboideo-oblonga rotundata, lobulo 
preminuto. Foliola fere equimagna cordato-reniformia vix ad 5 
bifida, segmentis contiguis apiculatis. Innovationes fl. 2 uni- 
laterales. Br. acute; bracteola obovata fere ad } bifida segmentis 
contiguis acuminatis. 


1. Hy@ro-LEJEUNHA CATINULIFERA, Spruce. 


Tab. Andes Quitenses in nemoribus subalpinis, alt. 3000-3500 m., supra 
pagum Quisapincha, ad filices et folia emortua; in montibus Altar 
et Mulmél, in truncis vetustis. 

F -9x°65; lob -4x°15; cm. Ay-dk; fl 55x °75, 5 x 65; br. lob 1:3 x 6, 
10x ‘5; br’ 1:0x -4—"5; per 1°6 x 65, 1°4 x °65™™. 

Pusilla, pallide sordide flavida rufave tenera czespitosa. Caules 1-1}- 
pollicares pinnatim v. subfastigiatim ramosi, ramis_breviusculis 
assurgentibus erectisve, aliis paucis elongatis microphyllis. 

Folia densiuscule imbricata, basi angusta inserta, patentia v. erecto- 
patentia, decurvo-concava, semicordato-ovata rotundata, fere dimi- 
diata, medium versus sinuato-complicata, lobulus plus duplo brevior 
inflatus ovalis obtusus acutusve, subsaccatus, bis introflexus tamen, 
unde anguste fusiformis videretur; cellulae mediz mediocres zquali- 
ter hexagone subleptodermes pellucide, marginales minores subqua- 
drate. 

Foliola subcontigua 4 folium superantia subcordato-reniformia-orbicula- 
tave, concava, margine toto incurvo, apice rotundato v, leniter re- 
tuso. 

Flores dioici: ? crebriusculi sed plerumque steriles, terminales, innova- 
tione unilaterali v. szpissime binis oppositis suffulti. Bractes 
erect foliis longiores ad } bilobze, lobo subovali obtusato, lobulo 
longe minore ligulato subtruncato; bracteola utrinque connata ovalis 
obtusa v. obtuse apiculata v. denique leniter emarginato-bifida.— 
Foliolum supremum infraflorale ceteris multo majus, orbiculatum 
subemarginatum. 

Perianthia alte emersa pellucida, clavato-pyriformia plus duplo longiora 
quam lata, compressula, rotundato-truncata rostellata, antice 1-cari- 
nulata, postice obtuse 2-carinata, demum ore in lobulos 5 cuspidatos 
i levia. Calyptra oblongo-globosa perianthii dimidium inferiorem 
replens. 


Inter Hygro-Lejeuneas et Archi-Lejeuneas fere media; teneritate, foliolis 
basi cordatis et perianthii carinis levissimis magis ad priores, foliis bracte 
isque integerrimis ad posteriores, accedit. Neque a Brachio-L. laxifolia 
Tayl. longe distat; habitu necnon floribus 9 normaliter dichotomialibus 
eadem; differt foliis rotundatis, lobulo haud crenulato, et foliolis cordatis 
incurvo-concavis—nec basi decurrente recurvis (qualia in B. L. laxifolra). 
—L. Loxensis Gotts. nostree certe affinis, folia habet acuta, foliola rotunda 
subplana. 


The leaves are very concave, or, when seen from above, convex, so that 
in the dried specimens they have a bullate appearance; this, and their 
pale colour, the narrow twice-infolded lobule, and (above all) the cordato- 
orbicular stipules, suffice to distinguish the species from Archi-Lejeunea 
unciloba and all its allies. 

The microphyllous branchlets are not male spikes, but possibly indi- 
cate a tendency to revert to a former monoicous condition. 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV, 2a 


234 HyGro-LEJEUNEA. 


2. Hycro-LEJEUNEA PATELLIFERA, Spruce. 

Hab. In fl. Pastasa ripis infra Banos, supra Frullanias repens alt. 1600. 

F 65 x ‘5, lob ‘3-4; ¢ Je; f'* 25 x--35; br °6; brs 6x ‘25; per ‘9x -4mm, 

Minutiuscula sparsa pallide viridis tenerrima. Caules }-pollicares fragiles 
vage ramosi, ramis brevibus subeequifoliis interdum arcuatis. 

Folia imbricata concava subfornicata, valde oblique ovata late obtusata 
(forma fere cordis humani), celluloso-crenulata subpapulosa, medium 
versus sinuato-complicata; lobulus vix duplo brevior rectangularis 
rhomboideusve subacutus, ad carinam rotundatam valde inflatus 
cornu bovinum simulans, margine autem lobo majori appressus; cel- 
lulz fere majuscule subconformes, subpellucide, chlorophyllo sat 
copioso, pariete ad angulos paulo incrassato. 

Foliola plus duplo breviora subdissita suborbiculata, fere plana, apice 
rotundata retusulave. 

Flores dioici; 2 in caule ramisque terminales, innovatione szepius iterum 
florifera suffulti. Bractez foliis caulinis subminores ad $ bifidee laxe 
complicate, lobo obovato-lanceolato rotundato, lobulo longe breviore 
anguste triangulari obtuso subacutove; bracteola lanceolata vel sub- 
cuneata, angusta, apice rotundata, basi utrinque connata. 

Perianthia subemersa anguste obpyramidata vel subpyriformia vix com- 
pressa alte 5-carinata, carinis sparse celluloso-tuberculosis, ex apice 
retuso brevirostria demum 5-fida. 


H. L. catinulifera 8. certe distat statura multo elatiore, caulibus ceespi- 
tosis validioribus; foliis majoribus vix papulosis, textura paulo densiore, 
lobulo bis implicato ; foliolis majoribus latioribus quam longis insigniter 
cochleatis; floribus ? ssepissime dichotomialibus; bracteis duplo longi- 
oribus; perianthiis obtuse carinatis. 


3. HyGro-LEsEUNEA Sponcta, Spruce. 


Hab. In monte Tunguragua, ad arborum ramulos, pl. 9 sterilis; pl. ¢ 
in eodem monte supra Leioscyphum Liebmannianum repens: alt. 
2400, 


F 1:05 x 85 (cum lobulo); lob 2 (ad plicam mensus); ¢ #5; f* *8x 1:15, 
‘7 X1:1; br. lobus ant. 1°3 x °8—9; br’ 1:2 x -Qmm, 

Elata pallida tenerrima, siccando badia fuscidulave. Caules pollicares 
vel longiores e caudice brevi repente undique radiantes et in molem 
subglobosam diametro bipollicarem congesti, parum ramosi, vel sub- 
dichotomi, vel seepe ramis brevibus—aliis floriferis ( ) aliis sterili- 
bus parvifoliis—pinnulati. 

Folia ad 4 lat. usque imbricata patenti-divergentia, late oblique subsemi- 
cordato-elliptica ovato-ellipticave, apice decurvulo obtusa, rarius sub- 
acuta rotundatave, toto margine e cellulis prominulis crenulata, 
repandula, basi antica caulem excedentia, postica sinuato-complicata; 
lobulus parvus, folio 5-plo brevior, subovatus, convoluto-turgidus; 
sinu excisulus; cellule mediocres conformes cequilaterze leptodermes 
pellucide, utraque facie convexe. 

Foliola foliis eequimagna sed latiora quam longa, imbricata subplana, 
reniformia vel potius late obtuseque emarginata, angulis rotundatis, 
basi vel subcordata vel undulato-truncata, nec decurrentia, margine 
repanda crenulataque—quasi moniliata, e cellulis marginalibus 
cwteris multo minoribus in conum obtusum promiaulis. 


HyGro-LEJEUNEFA. 235 


Flores dioici: 2 ad ramos primarios ramulosque terminales, innovationi- 
bus duabus oppositis—raro una sola—suffulti, Bractez foliis 
longiores, ab apice ad # complicato-bilobze, lobo antico obovato-ovali 
subacuto, lobulo subduplo minore linguzeformi apice seepe subemar- 
ginato; bracteola obovata subspathulata undulata repanda, apice in- 
equaliter subacute emarginata. 

Planta ¢ tenuior magis-pinnatim ramosa. Amenta crebra, ramulo foliis 
caulinis plus minus longiore constantia, vel ejus apicem solum 
tenentia; bracteze 5-8-jug, foliis plus duplo breviores, arcte equi- 
tantes, breviter subeequaliter biloba, dimidiis ovato-ovalibus con- 
cavis, gremio antheridia bina magna foventes. 


L. Sullivantii Gottsche, Mex-Leverm. 196, in adnot., nostra valde 
similis, ramificationem habet irregularem, folia hyalino-viridia ovalia 
subacuta, lobulo imo minore (= lobi 3-4); bracteolas minores (‘75™™ 
longee); ceterum, quoad partium magnitudinem texturamque, foliolorum 
forma, ete., certe proxima. 


Obs. L. Spongia forms globose tufts, like sponges, pale green without, 
white within, and always saturated with water, on the twigs of low trees 
(Clethre, Weinmannie, &c.) on mount Tunguragua, at 8000 to 9000 Eng. 
feet. 


4. Hycro-LEJEUNEA REFLEXISTIPULA, L. et L. 
In Lehm. Pug. V (1833); G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 335. 


Hab. Ad arborum truncos et ramulos, in sylvis humilioribus precipue, 
prope 8. Gabriel fl. Negro et Tarapoto Andium Peruvianorum (alt. 
600™). Habitat etiam in Serra d’ Estrella Brasiliee (BEYRICH). 


F “75x °‘7,°6 x ‘5, lob 1-08, ¢ AY; f “6 x 1-0, 55 x °85; br °75; br'* -7x 
45; per 1°0 x ‘5™™, 


Elata tenerrima albida, siccando flavescens fulvave, raro fuscidula, denso 
strato effusa vel subpendula. Caules 2-3-pollicares intricati flaccidi 
pinnatim ramosi, ramis hic illic confertis, pro more brevibns mono- 
tropo-proliferis. 

Folia ad 4 lat. imbricata, angulo recto divergentia, late oblique semi- 
cordato-ovata, plana decurvulave, inferiora rotundata, superiora 
obtusata vel abrupte subacuta, margine crenulata, basi sinuato-com- 
plicata; lobulus minutus, folio 6-9-plo brevior, rhombeus decurrens 
inflatus, apice seepius occulto; cellule mediocres equilateree con- 
vexule, pellucidee, chlorophyllo sparso vel in annulum tenuem 
congesto, pariete ad angulos et media latera incrassato. 

Foliola arcte imbricata, foliis multo—interdum duplo—majora, subbre- 
viora sed dimidio—duplo latiora, reniformia, apice lato reflexo in- 
tegra, rotundata retusulave, basi ad insertionem alte excavata (i.e. 
longe lateque decurrentia), margine crenulata, tergo plerumque 
arhiza. 

Flores dioici: 9 in caule ramove subrecte innovando-prolifero termin- 
ales, igitur quasi seriati, rarius in ramo brevissimo unifloro, inno- 
vatione simplice subjecta, nunquam ex dichotomia. — Bractez (fl. 
sterilis foliis longiores, fl. fertilis breviores) erectee angulate crenula- 
teeque, ultra} bilobe, lobis complicatis obovato-lanceolatis subacutis, 
postico paulo minore; bracteola obovato-cuneata retusa. 

“Perianthia altiuscule emersa pyriformia vel subclavata compressa 5- 


HyGro-L&rJEUNEA. 


tae) 
Go 
(or) 


earinata, carinis levibus vel angulato-scaberulis apiece latiusculis, 
anticaé minus alta; post fructus emissionem varie rupta. 


Hygro-L. Spongia, huic affinis, differt colore in sicco nigrescente ; 
ramificatione plante Q dichotoma; foliis duplo fere majoribus ellipticis, 
lobulo paulo majore; foliolis pro foliorum ratione multo minoribus, apice 
emarginato-retusis; bracteis inequilobis, lobulo duplo fere minore. 


5. Hyaro-LEJEUNEA PASTASENSIS, Spruce. 


Hab. In fl. Pastasa ripis, juxta fl. Blanco ostium, alt. 1500™ in arborum 
ramis. 


F 15x11 (lat. ad lobuli apicem mensa); lobulus *55 (ad plicam), °4 
(juxta caulem); ¢ 33; f'* ‘9x 1-0, rima ‘1; br 1:0 x :4™™, 


Pallide flavo-viridis, zetate subfulva, prostrata intricata. Caules 2-polli- 
cares inzequaliter pinnati et subbipinnati, apice elongato simplices. 

Folia subimbricata supra lobulum divergentia, late semiovata, scalpelli- 
formia, apice decurvo subabrupte oblique acuta perseepeque minute 
apiculata, margine repanda integerrima vel apice paucidentata, infra 
medium subsinuato-(vel fere recte) complicata; lobulus 3-plo brevior 
semiovatus subplanus, basi brevi cauli adnatus, apice acutus; cellulz 
mediocres, omnes fere conformes. 

Foliola subimbricata foltis breviora vix angustiora, cordato-orbiculata 
planiuscula, apice reflexo brevissime (ad }) obtuse bifida, dentibus 
apiculatis forficatis, margine angulata. 

Flores dioici: @ (juniores) in ramis brevibus innovando-proliferis ter- 
minales. Bracteze complicato-bilobze, lobis lanceolatis subacuminatis 
serrulatis, inferiore subbreviore duplo fere angustiore; bracteola ad 
4 bifida, segmentis acutis. 


Differt a L. rotundifolia Mitt. foliis parum (neque longe et anguste) 
decurrentibus, apiculato-acutis, lobulo basi breviore inserto; foliolis apice 
ad 4 solum (nec ad 4) bifidis; cellulis minoribus; demum innovationi- 
bus unilateralibus nec oppositis. 


6. Hyaro-LEJEUNEA DEVOLUTA, Spruce. 


Hab. Lamas, Andium Peruvianorum, alt. 700™, et S. Gabriel fl. Negro, 
in fruticum ramis. 


F 1:15 x 1:0, ‘95 x ‘85; lob ‘5 x ‘38, 25 x ‘2, ¢ gf; fle 65x °9, 5x 65; 

br 1:05; bri 1-0.x ‘6; per “95 x “65™™. 

Elatiuscula pallida, siccando fuscidula, tenerrima, in vivo semper humida. 
Caules bipollicares prostrati pendulive implexo-stratificati, anguste 
pinati vel subbipinnati, ramis inzequilongis, aliis dichotomis. 

Folia tenuia imbricata divergentia late semicordato-ovata apice decurvo- 
involuto obtusata rotundatave—raro abrupte subacuta, celluloso- 
subcrenulata, sinuato-complicata; lobulus 2-4-plo brevior subplanus 
(plica tamen subconvexa) late ovatus rotundato-truncatus; cellule 
parvulz subconformes, sat crasse, pariete tenui, chlorophyllo par- 
cissimo, subplana, marginales autem convexulz. 

Foliola imbricata, foliis duplo fere breviora, paulo angustiora, cordato- 
reniformia, apice brevissime emarginata—rima solum 2-4 cellu- 
las alta—dentibus acutis conniventibus, subplana, celluloso-sub- 


Hycro-L&JEUNEA. 237 


crenulata, margine toto (apicis preecipue) recurvulo, basi externa 
fasciam radicellarum linearem proferentia. 

Flores dioici; @ in ramis primariis, necnon in ipso caule, terminales, 
plerumque ex innovationum dichotomia, raro innovatione unica 
(simplice proliferave) suffulti. Bracteze foliis subminores profunde 
bilobz complicate, lobis subineequalibus, vel fere equalibus, 
oblique obovato-lanceolatis acutis angulato-denticulatis—raro spinu- 
losis, lobulo apice haud raro bidentato; bracteola obovato-ovalis ad 
i bifida, segmentis acutis conniventibus, distanter angulato-denticu- 
lata spinulosave. 

Perianthia subimmersa oblongo-pyriformia vix rostellata 5-carinata, 
carinis apice latiore rotundo-prominulis levissimis. Calyptra pyri- 
formis, perianthio duplo fere brevior, stylo ultra perianthium alte 
emerso. 


Lejeunea cerina L et L.* (Syn. Hep. 391) folia habet minora, acute 
tenui-acuminulata, lobulo turgido; foliola, pro foliorum ratione, majora, 
lateribus valide incurvis, rima apicali 5-7 cell. alta.—L. reflexistipula 
L. et L. differt foliis longe minoribus subplanis; foliolis contra pro 
ratione multo majoribus, apice perfecte integris, basi haud cordatis; 
bracteis minus dentatis; bracteola apice integra, nec bifida; perianthiis 
alte emergentibus. 


7. Hy@ro-LEJEUNEA FULVA, Spruce. 


Hab. Banos, ad pedem montis Tunguragua, in arborum radicibus, 
F -8x°6 (sine lobulo); lobul *15-2; ¢ a5; f* “6x *75™™. 


Procumbens, dense stratificata, fulva. Caules 2-3°™ longi, paralleli, 
flaccidi, parum ramosi, seepe ramulis parvifoliis deciduissimis pin- 
nulati. 

Folia contigua v. parum imbricata, fragilia, a basi brevi erecta, cum 
lobulo in sacculum parvum semiparaboloideum coalita, subdiver- 
gentia, semicordato-ovata-oblongave, apice decurvo obtusata, margine 
parum celluloso-crenulata; lobulus 5-plo brevior, margine trans- 


* Lejeunea cerina L. et L.! Pug. V. (1838) p. 16; Lejewnea longiuscula 
Tayl.! in hb. Hook. et in Lond, Journ. Bot. (1846) p, 394.—Hab. in Brasilia 
et Mexico. 

Majuscula pallida tenera; caules breves parum vageque ramosi. Folia 
imbricata late patentia decurvula, semicordato-ovata acuminulata, apice brevi 
tenui acuto, margine toto celluloso-crenulata angulataque, basi sinuato-compli- 
cata, lobulo 4-5-plo breviore turgido acuto ; cellule medioeres pellucide pariete 
incrassato. Foliola foliis imo submajora reniformi-rotunda, basi subcordata et 
alte incurrenti-excavata, lateribus valide incurvis, apice rima 5-7-cellulas alta 
vix at 4 longitudinis fissa.—F °8 x ‘55, lob °2-"15, ¢ 35; f'% “65x ‘8mm, 

Plantam Taylorianam autotypam, in monte Corcovado Brasilie lectam, 
examinavi; eadem est ac Z. cerina, male tamen descripta, quum foliola super- 
ficie folium totum superantia, “‘dimidiam [solam] folii magnitudinem super- 
antia,” descripta sunt. 

Lejeunea cordifissa Tayl.! Lond. Journ, Bot. (1846) p. 395.—Hab. Brasilia ; 
Demerara; etiam ad pedem Andium Quitensium prope Esmeraldas (Ha//). 
Secundum exemplaria Brasiliensia a priore differt colore sordide viridi, lobulo 
duplo minore, et foliolis (maximis) apice ad 4-3 fissis.—Forsan he omnes, 
nostra Z. devoluta inclusa, pro L. cerine formis habende, 


HyGro-LEJEUNEA. 


| we) 
Se) 
Co 


verso ; cellulee parvulee incrassate, intus sinuatz, annulo chloro- 
phylli angusto circumdatee, ceeterum pellucide, convexule. 

Folia ramulorum 2—4-plo minora, magis concava, foliolis seepe pro ratione 
majoribus. 

Foliola foliis vix minora, subcontigua orbiculato-reniformia, basi pro- 
funde cordata, apice ad 4 solum acute bifida, celluloso-crenulata, 
lateribus incurvis. 

Flores nullos invenire potui. 


8. HyGro-LEJEUNEA PENTOTANTHA, Spruce. 


Hab. In montis Chimborazo devexis occidentalibus sylvaticis, alt. 1500", 
ad ramulos foliaque viva. 

F ‘75x ‘6, lob 25, cAj—ps ; f 65 x °65; br 9; br 85x "75; per 11 x4 
(infra auricilas) x 1:0™™ (auriculis inclusis). 

Repens flaccida e viridi fusca. Caules 3-4° longi, tenues flexuosi 
simplices vel parum ramosi, ramis brevibus suboppositis. 

Folia contigua, basi cum lobulo in sacculum semiconicum, folio triplo 
breviorem, connata, supra lobulum patentia, suboblique cordato- 
ovata, apice valde decurvo tenui-acuminulata, margine insigniter 
celluloso-crenulata ; cellule parvulze subconformes convexule, 
pariete ad angulos subincrassato, annulo chlorophylli angustiusculo. 

Foliola foliis vix minora, imbricata orbiculata, concava, basi profunde 
cordata, apice ad 4 bifida, rima angusta, segmentis acutis apicula- 
tisve, margine celluloso-crenulata. 

Flores dioici: 2 in ramo terminales, innovatione unilaterali, vel duabus 
oppositis, suffulti. Bracteze foliis longiores, ab apice ultra 4 bilobe, 
subcomplicatee, lobis oblique ovalibus, subacuminatis undulatis sub- 
laciniatis, postico plus minus minore; bracteola fere orbiculata, basi 
breviter angustata, ad } bifida, valde undulato-crispa, parce laciniata 
spinosave. 

Perianthia emersa obconica, supra medium obtuse 5-gona, angulis apice 
in auriculas maximas ovales compressas subdivaricatas dilatatis. 
Calyptra valida rufula, perianthium (sine auriculis) perfecte replens, 
apice varie lobata. Capsula in pedicello brevi articulato exserta, 
albida, globosa, ad basin fere usque quadrifida; elateres pauci prope 
valvularum apicem inserti, conniventes. 

A L. Dominicensi Mont. et L. cuspidata G. (Syn. Hep. 351) differt 
foliolis profunde cordatis, segmentis apiculatis (nec transverse rotundis, 
segmentis obtusis vel subacutis); praecipue autem perianthio apice insig- 
niter 5-auriculato, Nota.—Auriculee perianthii clausze sunt, bilamellate 
—nec lamella singula constantes, ac in Oligonio-Lejeunew speciebus. 


9. HyGro-LEJEUNEA PRIONOIDES, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad Rio Verde, fl. Pastasa affluentem, alt. 1300™, 
supra alias Lejewncas et Krullanias repens. 

F °75x°35; lob 1-15, c de; f'* 5 x ‘6, 55 x 65; br. lobus 8 x °5, ‘8 x "35; 
bri“ 6 x°75; foliolum wnfraflorale ‘7 x ‘9™, 

Prostrata pallide viridis tenerrima. Caules 2-pollicares inaqualiter 
subpinnati. 

Folia divergentia, plana vel apice torta, raro decurvo-secunda, basi sub- 


HyGro-LreJEUNEA. [ 239: 


imbricata, apice dissita, ovato-lanceolata acutata vel subacuminata 
acuta, basi antica semicordata caulem transeuntia, postica sinuato- 
complicata; lobulus parvus, folio 5-7 plo brevior, ovatus saccatus, 
apice subacuto occulto conspicuove ; cellule parvule equilaterve 
pellucidz leptodermes, inferiores mediz submajores. 

Foliola late imbricata, maxima, folia superficie excedentia, oblato- 
cordato-orbiculata, ad 4 acute bifida, segmentis ovatis obtusis, basi 
radicellifera, lateribus incurva. 

Flores dioici: 2 in caule ramove terminales, innovationibus 2 (minutis) 
oppositis suffulti. Bracteze foliis parum diverse, ad #4 alt. usque 
bilobe, lobulo lobo duplo breviore explanato, oblique oblongo 
rotundato ; bracteola foliolis mediis major, eadem forma, ultra 4 
bifida, segmentis ovatis obtusis; foliola duo, florem proxime 
sequentia, bracteol4 imo majora, solum ad 4 fissa. 

Perianthia (valde juvenilia) 5-carinata glabra. 

Andreecia in caule ramisque terminalia; bracteze 3-8(raro pluri) -juge, 
foliis sensim paulo minores, lobulo cum lobo in formam navicularem 
complicato, apice triangulari acuto. Antheridia binata maxima. 


Lejeunea undulata I. et G. Syn. Hep. 768; Gotts. Mex. Leverm. 200, 
nostre plane affinis, folia habet breviora, ovata, ex acumine seepe apicu- 
lata ; foliola foliis duplo fere minora, basi minus distincte cordata, 
segmentis autem ac in L. prionoide obtusis. 


10. HyGro-LEJEUNEA HETEROCHEILA, Tay].! 
Lond. Journ. Bot. 1846, p. 394. Syn. Hep. 768. 


Hah. In M. Chimborazo, alt. 1500™, ad arborum ramos (R. 8.)—Antea in 
M. Pichincha lecta (JAMESON). 

F 13x °8, lob 125-2, c. medie 35, inferiores 75; f'* 85x 1:0™m, 

Elata flaccida flavo-viridis, effusa vel pendula. Caules 3-pollicares, 
parum ramosi, ramis primariis elongatis, ramulis brevibus. 

Folia magna, contigua vel lobulos solos imbricantia, angulo fere recto 
divergentia, oblique semicordato-ovato-oblonga, vel-ovato-lanceolata, 
acuminato-bispinosa, nempe extra apicem acute acuminatum dente 
minore acuminulato antice aucta, ceeterum vel integerrima vel denti- 
culo obtuso in medio sinu apicali interjecto, basi sinuato-complicata, 
lobulo minuto, folio 7-10-plo breviore, triangulari inflato; cellule 
mediocres pellucide, plurime suprabasales laxiores majusculz. 

Foliola imbricata, foliis perpaulo minora, cordato-orbiculata, subreni- 
formia, paulo ultra $ anguste bifida, segmentis subcontiguis apicu- 
lato-acutis, lateribus plus minus incurva. 

Flores nobis adhuc incogniti. 


Hygro-L. prionovdes S. diversa est teneritate ; foliis angustis lanceolatis 
apice simplicibus; foliolorum segmentis obtusis. 


11. Hye@ro-LEJEUNEA ROTUNDIFOLIA, Mitt.! (Tas. IX.) 
In Hook. Journ. Bot. (1857), p. 359. 


Hab. Ad arborum ramulos, in valle fluvii Pastasa, secus fl. Verde, alt. 
1300™. In devexis occidentalibus montis Pichincha (JAMESON). 

F 135x105, 1:25x-9; lob -4--45x 25; ¢ AL; f 110x135, 9x15; 
pre tsbr* 10x 8; per 1b «7m, 

Pendula flaccida pellucida albescens, dein flavicans fulvave. Caules 4-6- 


240 HyGro-L&EJEUNEA. 
& 
pollicares simplices vel pinnati; rami brevissimi furcati, florem 9 in 
furea gerentes, brachiis innovando-2-3-floris. 

Folia magna tenerrima paulo imbricata subplana, supra plicam sub- 
erectam divergentia, late semicordato-oblonga apice decurvulo rotun- 
data, obscure celluloso-crenulata, sinuato-complicata; lobulus 3-plo 
brevior, basi supra caulem alte incurrens, saccatus, quasi semi- 
pyriformis, margine transverso plano erosulo; cellule majuscule 
subconformes pellucidée fere vacuze. 

Foliola imbricata, foliis eequimagna sed oblata, cordato-reniformia, ad 
insertionem alte excavata, apice rima angusta ad 4 bifida, segmentis 
apiculato-acutis—-haud raro ipso apice connatis, margine celluloso- 
crenulata. 

Flores dioici: @ in ramo perbrevi terminales, innovationibus binis 
iteratim innovatis suffulti. Bracteze foliis subbreviores, erecta planze 
angulatee ultra $ complicato-bilobee, lobo spathulato-lanceolato sub- 
acuto, lobulo paulo breviore duplo angustiore ligulato-lanceolato 
acuto; bracteola obovato-rotunda brevissime emarginato-bifida, seg- 
mentis conniventibus acutis. 

Perianthia emersa subclavato-oblonga, valde compressa, 5-carinata, supra 
medium sensim constricta (unde panduriformia) apice tamen lato 
truncata. 

Planta pulcherrima, siccando haud nigrescens, more L. Sponge alia- 
rumque Hygro-Lejeunearum, 


12. Hy@ro-LEJEUNEA IMPLEXA, Spruce. 

Hab. S. Carlos del Rio Negro, in trunco vetusto. 

F ‘65x °6, lob 1, ¢ de; f'* 5x65; br 6-65; br’ 6x -6™™, 

Prostrata, plagas latas intricatas fuscescentes sistens. Caules bipollicares 
flaccidi flexuosi vage vel subpinnatim ramosi. 

Folia ad 4 lat. imbricata, plana tenuia valde decidua, profunde semi- 
cordato-orbiculata, raro subovata, integerrima vel cellulis prominulis 
erosula, basi antica caulem late transeuntia, postica sinuato-compli- 
cata, plica transversa; lobulus parvus folio 6-plo brevior triangularis, 
margine obliquo incurvo ; cellule mediocres pellucide, ambitu 
anguste opacee, pariete subincrassato. 

Foliola imbricata, patentia vel squarrosula, foliis vix minora, oblato- 
cordata, laxe pellucide areolata, apice lato ad 4 vel fere ad 4 bifida, 
sinu late triangulari acuto, segmentis divergentibus acuminulato- 
acutis. 

Flores dioici: 9 in ramo brevi terminales, innovatione parva suffulti. 
Bracteze foliis equales ultra dimidium complicato-bilobe, lobis sub- 
dimidiatis, antico ovali obtusato, lobulo subminore et duplo angus- 
tiore; bracteola equilonga suborbiculata ad 4 fere bifida, rima 
angusta, sinu depresso, segmentis subobtusis. 

Hygro-L. Matteola, quoad foliola magna huic sat similis distincta est 
foliis multo angustioribus subrhomboideis laxius areolatis; bracteis acutis, 
bracteola angustiore. 


13. Hycro-Leszeungea Marrrona, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad flum. Amazonum, in arborum cortice, prope Pard et secus 
canalem “ Parand-miri dos Ramos” dictam. 


Hycro-LrEJEUNFA. 241 


F “7 x °45, lob “1, ¢ dk; f' °55 x °65; br “7; br’ 65 x 4mm, 

Rufo-viridis fragilis, in plagas latas densas prostrata. Caules 1—2-polli- 
cares vage vel subpinnatim ramosi. 

Folia paululum imbricata divergentia subrhomboideo-oblonga rotundata 
vel subtruncata, basi antica semicordata, postica minute sinuato- 
complicata; lobulus folio 7-plo brevior, saccatus, margine transverso, 
plica angulum 45°-50° cum caule efformante; cellule fere majusculee 
subconformes, eequilateree, pellucida, annulo chlorophylli latiusculo, 
pariete ad angulos seepeque ad media latera incrassato. 

Foliola subcontigua, foliis fere equimagna sed oblata, cordato-reniformia 
vix ad 4 bifida, rima angusta, segmentis apiculatis contiguis vel 
forficatis. 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales, innovatione suffulti. Bracteze foliis sequi- 
longze complicato-bilobee, lobis acutis, antico ovali, postico longe 
minore lanceolato; bracteola obovata ad $ fere anguste bifida, seg- 
mentis subacuminatis. 


Supcenus XXIX.—HUOSMO-LEJEUNEA, 8S. 


Plante elatiuscule, tegeticulas latas densas ambitu seepe pendulas effi- 
cientes, albescentes, odore Rosz rubiginosze jucundo scatentes, in 
sicco flavide rufescentesve, perianthiis insigniter rufis. Caules 
tenues laxe pinnatim ramosi, interdum subsimplices apiceque fere 
sine limite evoluti. 

Folia mediocria (‘5—85, rarissime 1°0™™ longa) subimbricata, rare con- 
ferta, devexa vel subplana late semicordato-oblonga rotundata, raris- 
sime subacuta—in unica subapiculata—sublevissima integerrimaque 
vel szepius celluloso-asperula-crenulataque, lobulo parvo folio 4-8-plo 
breviore inflato; cellule mediocres vel parvee (;,—3,™™ diametro) 
planz vel obtuse prominul guttulate, pariete incrassato, trigonis 
maximis. 

Foliola foliis subeequimagna, solum in #. L. laxiuscula sat (interdum ad 
duplum) minora, cordato-reniformia-orbiculatave, breviter (ad 75-4) 
—raro ad 4 usque—bifida. 

Flores omnium fere dioici; 9 terminales, innovatione (raro prolifera) 
suffulti. Bracteze pro more foliis subbreviores, lobis seepe angustis 
acutis integerrimis crenulatisve raro falcatis ; bracteola subduplo 
longior quam lata bidentata, solum in JF. L. longiflora orbiculata, in 
nulla integra. 

Perianthia emersa, duplo longiora quam lata, subpyriformia rostellata, 
parum compressa, alte 5-carinata; subleevissima vel ad ecarinas 
aspera. 

Amenta ¢ varie posita, bracteis pauci—multi-jugis majusculis turgidis 
subineequilobis diandris. 


Hab. In truncis vetustis putrescentibusve, in foliis emortuis et filici- 
bus, ad fruticum pedem ramulosque, raro in saxis vel in ipsa terra arenosa, 
planitiei silvas diligentes, parum supra/montes scandentes. 

Distr. Species 6 Amazonice, quarum 5 nove videntur (speciebus autem 
antea descriptis difficiliter extricandis) onmes in planitie vigent, earum- 
que 2 etiam in Andibus orientalibus, vix ad alt. 1000™ usque, ascendunt; 


TRANS. BOT, SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 24 


242 EvosMo-LEJEUNEA. 


in Andium declivibus occidentalibus nullam vidi.—Aliz 10, vel plures, 
ab auctoribus descriptee, plereeque neotropicee, sc. L. coronalis G., L. opaca 
G., L. amena G., L. elegans G., L. vermicularis Ldnbg., ete. etc.; una 
etiam (si rite hue relata) L. rufescens Ldnbg. insulam frigidam australem, 
Staatenland, habitat. Pauce paleotropicee sunt, quarum L. trifaria N. 
ab amazonica L. longiflora Tayl. vix diversa videtur. Hee ultima 
hominis vestigia sequitur, fereque pro stirpe triviali habenda est. 


A. Monotce. 


1. Euosmo-L. longiflora. F. divergentia oblonga rotundata repanda, 
lobulo 4-plo breviore. Foliola foliis equimagna cordato-reniformia 
ad 1-1 bifida. Bracteola cordato-suborbiculata brevissime bifida. 
Per. pyriformi-oblonga argute 5-carinata leevia. 

| Euosmo-L. trifaria N. A pyr. differt statura minore; f. lobulo minuto; 
foliolis basi solum subcordatis; bracteola obovata.—J ava. ] 


B. Dioice. 


a. Foliola apice bidentula. 


bo 


Euosmo-L. fragrantissima. F. ovato-oblonga obtusa raro subacuta 
crenulata apiceque interdum denticulata, lobulo 8-plo breviore. 
Foliola foliis equimagna cordato-reniformia apice ad 75-3} fissa. 
Bracteola elliptica ad 4 bifida, Per. oblonga alte 5-carinata, carinis 
tuberctilosis. 


b. Foliola ad 4-3 bifida. 


Euosmo-L. laxiuscula. F. oblongo-rotunda repandula abrupte sinuato- 
complicata, lobulo 4-plo breviore. Foliola sat breviora cordato- 
orbiculata, ad 1—} bifida, segmentis patulis acutis. Bracteola longe 
oblonga ad } bifida. 

Euosmo-L. suaveolens. F. suborbiculata basi cordata, lobulo 4-plo 
breviore. Foliola fere equimagna cordato-orbiculata angulata ad : 
bifida, segmentis erectis acuminulatis. Bracteola elliptica ad 
bifida. 

5. Euosmo-L. subcrenulata. ¥F. ovato-rotunda subcrenulata, lobulo 5-plo 
breviore. Foliola vix minora reniformi-rotunda ad $ fere bifida, 
seomentis subacuminatis. 

3. Luosmo-L. comans. Caules longissimi capilliformes. F. ovato- 

oblonga apiculata repanda facie papulosa; lobulo fere 4-plo breviore. 

Foliola paulo minora late cordato-oblonga angulata, apice ad % 

bifida. 


w 


ie 


wt) 


NS ao 


~ 


1, Evosmo-LEJEUNEA LONGIFLORA, Tayl! 
Lond. Journ. Bot. 1846, p. 396.—G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 763. 

Hab. Caripi aliisque locis prope Pard, in truncis vetustis; fl. Negro, circa 
S. Gabriel, ad ramulos, rarius ad truncos, in “ caatingas”; S. Carlos, 
in Crescentiea Cujete ramis; Tarapoto, Andium Peruy., ad rivulorum 
saxa, supra Macromitrivm repens. 

F 65x ‘45; lob 15; © ay; f'* 6x°75, 55x65; 4x6; br *5—G; bre 
55% 5D; per 9x °45mm, 

Repens pendulave substratificata albescens, siccando flavescens fuscidu- 
lave, odore Jung. bicrenate aromatico scatens. Caules 1—4-pollicares 


EvosmMo-LEJEUNEA. 243 


intricati pinnati v. subbipinnati, ramis ineequalibus pro more dis- 
tantibus. 

Folia subplana decurvave plus minus imbricata, a plica basali brevi sub- 
erecta divergentia, oblique semicordato-oblonga rotundata, antice 
caulem transeuntia, celluloso-repanda; lobulus 4-plo brevior obtri- 
angularis (cum lobi basi sacculum compresso-obconicum efformans), 
margine transverso incuryo, apice brevi 1-2-dentato; cellule parvule 
cuttulate pellucide vy. subopace, pariete incrassato trigonis maximis, 
parum prominule. 

Foliola maxima, folia equantia majorave, imbricata cordato-reniformia- 
orbiculatave, concava, apice breviter (ad +} solum, raro ad 4 usque) 
bifida, sinu angusto latioreve, segmentis apiculato-acutis, repanda. 

Flores monoici: @ ad ramum abbreviatum innovando-proliferum. termi- 
nales. Bractee foliis subminores complicate, lobo ovali-lanceolato 
acuto obtusove, lobulo longe minore apice brevi lanceolato ligulatove; 
bracteola suborbiculata concava, apice rima perbrevi angustaque 
bitida, segmentis apiculato-acutis. 

Perianthia semiemersa seepe rufescentia pyriformi-oblonga, apice rotun- 
dato-truncato rostellata, 5-carinata—alia (in eadem planta) minora, 
alia majora—carinis tam argutis ut 5-alata viderentur. Calyptra 
pyzriformis rufa, basi purpurascens. 

Andreecia cauligena, seepe crebra, folium collaterale subsuperantia; bracteze 
sub 5-jugee turgide subinequaliter bilobze. 

Var. rupicola, foliis prelate cordato-ovalibus fornicatis, celluloso-erosulis 
angulatisque; foliolis maximis duplo latioribus quam longis solum 
ad 4 fissis; perianthiis brevibus.—Plantee raro monoice, sepius uni- 
sexuales preecipue masculee.—In rupibus ad fl. Negro cataractas. 


L. longiflora a L. trifaria Nees! (ex ipso in herb. Hook.)—stirps Ja- 
vanica—parum (et vix specifice ?) distat, statura elatiore; lobulis subma- 
joribus; foliolis magis profunde cordatis; bracteolis suborbiculatis.—L. 
coronalis Gotts. (ex ins. Antillis) foliolis rotundo-quadratis—nec cordato- 
reniformibus—certe differre videtur.—Altera species Tayloriana, nempe 


L. repens T., l.c., a L. longiflora egre separanda est. 

Obs. Of Taylor’s L. longijlora, I have part of the original speci- 
men, given me by himself, and marked (by the collector) ‘ Hab. 
Trees. Para. Collected March 1841. T. L. R.” Taylor’s geography 
was therefore in error when to the published description, he ap- 
pended the locality ‘Cincinnati in Prov. Ohio.” (Lond. Journ. 
Bot. et Syn. Hep., ll. ec.) 


2. Evosmo-LEJEUNEA FRAGRANTISSIMA, Spruce. 


Hab. In fluvii Negro sylvis, ad rivulum Tarwmd super Hymenophylla 
frondes, ad San Carlos in truncis putridis; in cacumine montis 
“ Cerro Pelado” dicti (alt. 800") prope Tarapoto Andium Peruvian- 
orum, ad frutices necnon in ipsa terra inter Selaginellas; in sylva 
Canelos Andium Quit. supra Plagiochilam cristatam repens. 

F 85x °6, 8x5, lob ‘1, ¢ gy; fit 6x85, 55 x °75 ; br. lob 8x °4; br 65 
x °5; per ‘9-10 x ‘55™™. 


Elata albescens, ad folia novella interdum rubescens, siccando flavida, 


44 EvosMo-LEJEUNEA. 


cxespitoso-erecta vel procumbens, odore Rose rubiginose insigni scatens. 
Caules 3-4-pollicares crassiusculi, cellulis 3—-5-stratis conflati, paral- 
leli, ope radicellarum inter se arcte adherentes, apice elongato inde- 
finite evoluti, basi marcescentes, parum ramosi, interdum subpinnati, 
ramis brevibus. 

Folia subimbricata fere longitudinaliter inserta, angulo recto vel sub- 
divergente patula, oblique semicordato-ovato-oblonga, apice decurvo 
obtusa rotundatave, rarissime subacuta et obtuse denticulata, facie e 
cellulis prominulis papuloso-scabra, margine crenulata, basi minute 
sinuato-inflexa; lobulus folio 8-plo brevior triangularis incurvus apice 
subexplanatus; cellule parvulz suboblongate guttulatee convexule, 
pariete incrassato, trigonis magnis, chlorophyllo in annulum subo- 
pacum congesto. 

Foliola imbricata—raro solum contigua—foliis eequimagna cordato-reni- 
formia (long. vix = #lat.) apice ad ;4,—$ alt. solum fissa, rima angusta, 
segmentis acutis, margine (laterali precipue) late incurva. 

Flores dioici: Qin ramulo terminales, innovatione recte continua spe 
iterum prolifera suffulti. Bracteze foltis equilongz angustiores 
profunde bilobz complicate, lobo semioblongo-obovatove, lobulo 
duplo breviore anguste lgulato obtuso; bracteola elliptica vel obovato- 
cuneata ad 4 bifida, segmentis oblique acuminatis acutis. 

Perianthia foliis paulo majora, a basi obpyramidata oblonga compressula 
rotundato-retusa, brevissime rostellata, alte 5-carinata, carinis subero- 
sis tuberculosisve, demum basi elongata quasi-stipitata, clavato- 
oblonga, carinis preealtis, ore subtrifido. Calyptra vix brevior ovalis 
rufa. 

Andreecia cylindracea, totum ramulum vel szepius ejus apicem solum 
tenentia; bracteze 5-10-jugze diandre. 

Var. condensata, foliis arcte (ad $ lat.) imbricatis valde convexo-decur- 
vis, utraque facie papulosis; foliolis prelate cordato-reniformibus, 
fere lunatis, e basi profunde excisa utrinque decurrentibus.—Andes 
Peruviee, in M. Campana ad folia emortua; in M. Guayrapurima cum 
Mastigobryis consociata. 


3. EvosMo-LEJEUNEA LAXIUSCULA, Spruce. 
Hab. Caripi, prope Pard, in cortice. 
¥ -5x°4, lob -125, ¢ dy; fie *3x°3, ‘35x35, 3x 35; br “75; br 55x 


35mm, 


Albicans, in sicco flavida, prostrata, matteolas laxiusculas sistens. Caules 
1—2-pollicares flexuosi subramosi, raro subpinnati bipinnative. 

Folia subimbricata, a basi complicata semierecté abrupte divergentia, 
apice decurva, semicordato-oblongo-rotunda, celluloso-repandula, 
facie subpapulosa, ad lobuli apicem valde sinuata; lobulus folio 4- 
plo brevior, subovatus saccatus, apice incurvo acuto; cellule parvee 
subopace cuttulatee, intus ovali-rotunde, trigonis conspicuis. 

Foliola foliis dimidio saltem breviora, subimbricata, cordato-orbiculata, 
subinde patilo latiora quam longa, ad 4-4 acute bifida, segmentis 
patulis acutis, 

Flores dioici: 9 in ramo brevi terminales, innovatione suffulti. Bracteze 
foliis longiores, falcato-ineurvee, ovali-ellipticee, plerumque obtuse, 
ad } alt. biloba, lobulo angusto apice lanceolato; bracteola oblonga, 
duplo fere longior quam lata, contorta, breviter bifida, segmentis 
acutis erectis forficatisve. 


EvosMo-LEJEUNEA. 245 


Perianthia (juvenilia) pyriformia, argute 5-carinata. 

Obs. Ad S. Gabriel fluvii Negro formam in Plagiochila reptantem legi, 
foliis (-45 x -4™™) rotundioribus, lobulo adempto suborbiculatis vel cordato- 
orbiculatis; foliolis (3 x°35™™) paulo ultra 4 bifidis, sinu triangulari. 

Ab Euosmo-L. longiflora T. certe differt flor. dioica, foliis rotundioribus; 
foliolis distincte minoribus magis profunde fissis; bracteola angusta (nec 
orbiculata). LZ. elegans Gottsch. Syn. Hep. 364, diversa erit “ foliolis arcte 
imbricatis, transverse rotundis” (nec cordatis), folis subequimagnis ; 
cveteris caracteribus autem a nostra parum recedit. 


4. EvosmMo-LEJEUNEA SUAVEOLENS, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylva Amazonica ad Caripi prope Pard, in palmarum truncis; in 
Andibus Peruv. inferioribus circa Tarapoto et Lamas, ad fruticum 
radices ramulosque. 

F 65x °65, 5x °5; lob 1-125; ¢ Age; fl 55x 65, 5x6, 4x °4; br 
7 bria -65mm, 

Albescens, siccando flavida olivaceave, opaca pellucidave, prostrata. 
Caules 1—2-pollicares, in tegeticulam latam texti, filiformes, debiles, 
subpinnati, ramis paucis brevibus inzequilongis. 

Folia subimbricata tenuia, plana vel apice subdecurva, ad plicam sub- 
recta, angulum 30°-45° cum caule efformantia, supra plicam fere 
divergentia, orbiculata—raro subovata—utrinque cordata (antice ad 
ipsam basin, caulem late transeuntia, postice ad lobuli apicem), 
integerrima; lobulus parvus folio 4-6-plo brevior ovatus triangu- 
larisve brevi-acutus inflatus; cellule parvee conformes subzequilateree 
euttulate, convexule, ad angulos insigniter incrassate, annulo angusto 
opaco cinctee. 

Foliola foliis fere equimagna subimbricata, cordato-orbiculata, concava 
subangulata, apice ad 4 bifida, segmentis contiguis v. parum dissitis 
acutis acuminulatisve, interdum subcarinata. 

Flores dioici: Q in ramo brevi terminales, innovatione simplice suffulti. 
Bractez foliis subeequilongse oblique oblongze obovatzeve rotundate 
raro acute, lobulo duplo v. ultra breviore anguste rhomboideo acuto; 
bracteola elliptica ad 4 bifida, segmentis obtusis apiculatisve. Peri- 
anima. 2 5. 

Amenta ¢ ovata v. oblongata, ramulum totum v. ejus basin solam 
tenentia ; bractez 5- (raro pluri-) jugse majuscule magnzeve tur- 
gidee. 

L. clausa Mont. et N. (Syn. Hep. 365) folia habet obtusa, “sinu leni 
complicata;” amphigastria solum contigua (nec imbricata) ad 4 fissa. 
De toliolis insigniter cordatis pl. nostree nihil 1. ¢. dicitur.—L. opaca 
Gottsche (Syn. H. 362) a L. clausa haud diversa videretur. 


Although I found plants of both sexes, Isaw no fruit. The male 
plants at Tarapoto were 15 miles away from the females at Lamas, 
and 2000 miles from those of Caripi—either distance far too great 
to allow of impregnation ; and if plants of either sex occurred in 
the intermediate spaces, I did not fall in with them. 


5. EvosMo-LEJEUNEA SUBCRENULATA, Spruce. 


Hab. S. Gabriel, in cortice, cum Cerato-Lejeunea Cubensi. 


246 EvosMo-LEJEUNEA. 


F -65 x ‘6, 65 x °55, lob -125; ¢ a; f'* 55 x “7, +45 x “6™™ 

Late reptans, intricata, pallida dein rufula, tenella. Caules sesquipolli- 
cares parum et subpinnatim ramosi. 

Folia ad 3 late imbricata, horizontaliter patula, assurgentia, apice decurva, 
semicordato-ovato-rotunda oblongave, repanda, celluloso-subcrenu- 
lata, supra lobulum abrupte devexo-rotundata; lobulus 5-plo brevior 
parum decurrens, trigono-ovoideus brevissime apiculatus, inflatus; 
cellulz mediocres subconformes, ad angulos incrassate, guttulate, 
subpellucide, annulo chlorophylli Jaxo angusto, perpaulo pro- 
minulee. 

Foliola foliis seepe vix minora, oblata tamen, subreniformi-rotunda, sub- 
undulata, suberenulata, ad medium fere biloba, sinu triangulari 
obtuso, segmentis subacuminatis acutis, basi paulo decurrentia (nec 
cordata), margine repanda crenulataque. 

FL dioici: ¢ terminales (imperfecti); bracteze paucijugze, ovoideo-cymbi- 
formes. 

6. Evosmo }-LEJEUNEA COMANS, Spruce. 


Hab. 8. Carlos del Rio Negro, in sylvis humilioribus, ad arborum radices, 
preecipueque e ramulis foliisque plagulis latis dependens. 

F 55 x ‘4, lob ‘15, ¢ gs—;_ f'* 4x °35™™. 

Albicans, siccando flavescens; caules 6-pollicares et longiores, capillacei, 
tenaces tamen et opaci, flexuosi, subsimplices vel parum ramosi, 
ramis elongatis cum caule pendulis. 

Folia perpaulo imbricata, angulo 60° patentia, rigidiuscula, fornicato- 
decurva breviter ovato-oblonga, basi semicordata caulem tegentia, 
apice abrupte et plerumque apiculato-acuta, celluloso-crenulata, 
complicata, plica recte decurrente; lobulus folio 4-plo fere brevior 
ovato-rhomboideus inflatus, nargine incurvo, apice acuto; cellule 
subparvee parum elongate guttulatee convexule subopace, granis 
chlorophyll plerumque sparsis. 

Foliola fois paulo minora, imbricata, subappressa, late oblonga, basi 
profunde cordata, subundulata, margine angulata, apice vix ad 4 
bifida, rima angusta, segmentis acutis, rarissime radicellifera. 

Flores . 

Planta formosa dubie aflinitatis ad L. longifloram Tay]. paulo accedens; 
forsan melius cum L. duriuscula e. a. inter Cheilo-Lejeuneas colloc- 
anda. L. vermicularis Lindenb., “‘caule elongato filiformi, foliis 
deflexo-convolutis” nostre sat similis, differt foliis orbiculatis haud 
acutis, lobulo apice subuliformi, et foliolis rotundis, nec cordatis. 
(Syn. Hep. 367.) 


Suscenus XXX.—PYCNO-LEJEUNEA, 5S. 


Plante majuscule prostrate: arcte repentes albescentes, teneré pelluci- 
dissimee subramosee, ramis inzequilongis. 

Folia arctissime imbricata decurvo-concava late semicordato-oblonga 
seepius rotundata, lobulo v. mediocri inflato v. pralongo et in cylin- 
drum convoluto, papuloso-scabra integerrima, interdum ocellata; cel- 
lulee subparvie lepto-v. pachydermes facie alte prominulie. 

Foliola subduplo breviora, latiora quam longa, remiformia, ad vel ultra 4 
hifida, sinu Jato segmentisque acutis, 


Pycno-LEJEUNEA. 247 


Flores monoici vel dioici: Q terminales, innovatione simplice v. iterum 
innovata suffulti. Bracteze foliis longiores incurvo-conniventes com- 
plicato-bilobee, lobis subinzequalibus acutis acuminulatisve, integer- 
rime, interdum ad carinam alate; bracteola lata bidentata v. 
integra. 

Perianthia emersa obovato-pyriformia turgida vix compressula brevirostria 
argute 5-carinata sublevissima. Calyptra rufa. Capsula globosa 


magna, 
Andreecia ramigena, seepius terminalia; bractez pauci-plurijuge majus- 
cule. 


Obs. Affinitatem habet cum Huosmo-Lejewnea, ex odore leniter suavi et 
foliolis majusculis, longe diversa tamen habitu, foliis confertissimis pellu- 
cidissimis ete.; etiam cum Trachy-Lejeunea e foliis papillosis interdum 
ocellatis, a qua distat foliis preelatis confertissimis, foliolis multo majori- 
bus, perianthiis levibus, etc. Cheilo-Lejeunea statura minore, cellulis 
obseuris (e chlorophylli annulo opaco) et perianthiis compressis demum 
bilabiatis magis remota est. 

Hab. Insylvis planitierum densis, ad arborum corticem, interdum alias 
hepaticas infestans. 

Distr. Subgeneris mere tropici ipse solum 2 species legi, se. L contigua 
Nees, jam antea in Mexico, Brasilia et Guiana (imo in ins. Mascarenis ?) 
lecta, et L. macroloba Mont. (a qua vix differt L. callosa Ldnbg.) e Guiana 
allata. Alize paucze species, sc. L. Hampeana Ldnbg., L. inflata N. ete. 
neotropice sunt; L. trapezia N. e Java habemus. 


1. Pyeno-L. contigua. Monoica. Folia ocellata papulosa, lobulo 4-plo 
breviore ovato inflato. Foliola segmentis acutis. Bracteze lobo 
subobtuso, cum bracteola integra bidentulave basi connate. 

2. Pycno-L. macroloba. Dioica. Folia exocellata praalte papulosa, 
lobulo paulo breviore in cylindrum convoluto. Foliola segmentis 
apiculatis. Bractez ad carinam alate, lobis acuminulatis; bracteola 
libera breviter bifida. 


1. Pycno-LEJEUNEA ConTIGUA, Nees. 
In Mart. FI. Bras. I., p. 360. G. L. et N. Syn. H. 362. 


Hab. Fl. Amazonum, prope Pard, Santarem et Obidos, necnon ad fl. 
Negro cataractas, in cortice. 


F -63x°5, lob 15-2; ¢ a; f' -25x°35; br ‘8-45; br’ "7x ‘5; per 
Tax apa 

Albescens, pellucidissima, plagas circumscriptas lis Radule complanate 
similes efficiens. Caules $~1-pollicares, ineequaliter pinnatim ramosi, 
matrici arcte adheerentes, implexi, ramis zequifoliatis, raro plus minus 
microphyllis, 

Folia arctissime imbricata, assurgentia, insigniter fornicato-concava (mar- 
gine toto incurvulo), late semicordato-oblonga—alia paulo latiora 
quam longa—szepe subrhombea, angulis rotundatis, repandula, facie 
papulosa margine postico sinuato-complicata; lobulus folio 4-plo 
brevior anguste ovatus inflatus, apice acuto seepe involuto; cellule 
parvulz zquilaterze pellucide, 4-10 basin versus duplo majoribus 
vacuis, vel sparsis vel in maculam collectis, ocellatee, omnes (margin- 
alibus exceptis) papuloso-prominulz, leptodermes, granis chlorophylli 
(oleiferisque, elongatis seepe flexuosis) cellule ambitu, vel hic illic, 


248 PycNo-LEJEUNEA. 


sparsis.—Folia caulina minus imbricata, ramea tamen valde con- 
ferta. 

Foliola imbricata foliis 2~plo—in var. vix 2-plo—minora, oblato-rotunda 
y. subreniformia, fere ad $ biloba, sinu lato triangulari segmentisque 
acutis. 

Flores moneici: Q in ramo seepe brevi terminales, innovatione simplice 
suffulti. Bracteze foliis longiores subpatulee incurvo-conniventes, 
complicato-bilobe, lobo oblique oblongo subobtuso, lobulo sub- 
breviore lanceolato lingulatove acuto, cum bracteola obovato-spatu- 
lata integra vel seepius emarginato-bidentula, dentibus conniventibus, 
basi coalitee. 

Perianthia subemersa vel immersa obovato-pyriformia, vix compressa, 
brevissime rostellata, apicem versus argute 5-carinata subleevissima, 
fructu emerso turgida, carinis fere obliteratis, apice 4-fida; e calyptra 
rufa inclusa:flavida videntur, apice tamen scariosa et quasi vitrea. 
Calyptra magna perianthium fere implens, sessilis, pyriformis apice 
valvatim 4-fida, valvulis inzequilatis acuminulatis, antica sublatiore 
stylo persistente coronatéa Capsula magna globosa ad ? usque in 
valvulas 4 lanceolatas fissa. 

Andrecia inramis brevibus interdum parvifoliis terminalia, vel ramulo 
solo constantia, ovoidea; bractez sub 4-jugée, sat magne, turgidee. 


Var. latifolia. F °75x°8, lob 125; f'* 4x -6™™.—Major, robustior. 
Caules bipollicares, aliis ramis superne attenuatis, aliis tota longitudine 
microphyllis. Folia majora, oblata, fere reniformia, rarius ocellata; 
lobulus contra minor, folio 6-plo brevior. Foliola dimidium folium sub- 
excedentia, margine subangulata, segmentis apiculatis acuminulatisve. 
Bracteola apice ad }-+ fissa (in flore steril).—Plantze perssepe unisexu- 
ales.—Curipi propre Pard, in cortice. 

Var. parvula, rigidula, folii lobulo longiore.—Santarem et San Carlos. 

Obs. Pycno-L. contiqgua foliis confertissimis inter Lejewneas Schizostipas 
fere unica est, solumque cum L. macroloba et affinibus conjungi potest. 


2. Pycno-LEJEUNEA MACROLOBA, Mont. 
Ann. des Sc. Nat. 1843, p. 260. G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 359. 


Hab. Ad fl. Negro et Uaupés, in cortice ramulisque, saepe aliis hepaticis 
irrepens. 

F 1:05 x °8,°8 x °65, ‘75x °6; lob. 55; ¢ gape ; fle 5 x 65, “4x °6; br 1-1 x 
*Bbs Orl* Vl x 9D, 20s pen 10d x bom. 

Repens, dense stratificata vel sparsa, albicans, siccando interdum fusces- 
eens. Caules validi 1—-2-pollicares inordinatim ramosi, seepe iteratim 
innovandi monotropi. 

Folia tenera arctissime imbricata divergentia late semicordato-oblonga- 
ovatave apice decurvo rotundata obtusatave, margine postico ultra 
medium v. fere ad apicem usque in lobulum cylindricum (explicatum 
lato-linearem) apice in folium oblique vel sensim transeuntem con- 
voluta—carin&é interdum bis implicatéa—facie papuloso-scabra; cel- 
lulie parvulee pellucidee equilateree subconformes, extus in conum 
obtusum alte prominulee. 

Foliola imbricata foliis zquilata sed duplo breviora, reniformi-rotunda, 
basi subcordata, apice ad 4-4 acute late bifida, segmentis apiculato- 
acutis incurvulis; subfloralia majora minus profunde fissa. 


Pycno-LEJEUNEA. 249 


Flores dioici: @ in ramo sepe iteratim prolifero terminales. Bractez 
foliis subeequilonge incurvo-cucullatze ad 4 bilobee, ad carinam alate, 
lobis oblongis vel semiovalibus acuminulatis, raro obtusis, postico 
minore; bracteola ovato-rotunda vel fere orbiculata, apice breviter 
bifida, segmentis apiculatis incurvis. 

Perianthia bracteas haud superantia pyriformia parum compressa brevi- 
rostria, alte 5-carinata, carinis subpapulosis, e calyptra rufa inclusa 
rufescentia, revera albida apice scariosa. 

Andreecia in planta tenuiore longioreque; bracteze plurijuge majuscule 
inequaliter complicato-bilobz inflate, vel ramum totum vel ejus 
majorem partem tenentes. 


Forma typica ad fl. Uaupés et riv. Cauapuna erescit. Var. exalata : 
foliolis undulato-crispis, utrinque supra medium angulatis, obtuse uni- 
dentatis vel etiam sublobulatis ; bracteis ad carinam exalatis.—Juxta S. 
Carlos et S. Gabriel. 


Suscenus XXXI.—POTAMO-LEJEUNEA, 8. 


Euosmo-Lejeunee habitu staturaque sat similis, diversa autem colore 
lurido; odoris absentia; foliis margine postico cum plica fere recte con- 
tinuo (nec ad plicze apicem valide sinuato), lobulo majusculo subplano 
(nec minuto turgido), foliolis solum 4 folium equantibus (nec seepissime 
subzequimagnis), basi haud cordatis.—Flores ? in ramo brevi terminales, 
innovatione simplice (in unica specie nulla) suffulti. Perianthia apice 
sepius vel truncata vel carinis valde rotundo-prominulis. 

Potamo-L. temnantha, habitu, colore lurido, et perianthiis truncatis ad 
Cerato-Lejeuneam transitum preebet, certe tamen distincta utriculorum 
defectu, foliorum lobulo planiore, et cellulis pachydermibus ambitu late 
opacis.—Inter Cheilo-Lejeuneas militaverit, praecipue quoad P. L. poly- 
stachyam, ramulis 2 simplicissimis Cheilo-Lejewneis plurimis conformem, 
nisi perianthia alte 5-carinata, haud bilabiata, obstavissent. 

Hab. et Distr. Constat subgenus speciebus solum 3, ad truncos fluvi- 
orum Negro et Uaupés irrigatos a me lectis. Forsan L. Coarina G., ad fl 
Amazonum superius inventa, in ‘Syn. Hep.’ ad Ceratanthas adscripta, 
quarta species constituerit; pro tempore eandem inter Cerato-Lejewneas 
collocavi. 
A. Ramulus 2 simplex, innovatione nulla. 


1. P.-L. polystachya. Monoica, robusta, ramulis ¢ et 9 scepe arcte 
pinnulata. F. semioblonga-ovatave rotundata, lobulo plus duplo 
breviore subrectangulari; cellule leptodermes. Foliola vix=folii 
dimidium, late obovata ad 4 bifida. Br. erecto-incurvee falcata, 
lobo oblongo rotundato; bracteola ligulato-oblonga, brevissime bifida, 
Per. pyriformi-oblonga, carinis lateralibus posticisque altis apice 
rotundo-prominulis. 


B. Ramulus 2 innovatione auctus. 


2. P.-L. temnantha. Monoica, subpinnata fragilissima. F. late patentia 
subfalcata oblique oblonga rotundata, lobulo 4-plo breviore rhombeo 
subinflato v. fere plano; cellule parvule intus late opace, pariete 
incrassato. Foliola fere 2-plo breviora oblongo-rotunda ad 4 bifida, 
Br. acute; bracteola ovata breviter bifida. Per. turbinato-oblonga 
apice quadrato-truncata. Andr. longispica. 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. NDIN. VOL. XV. eT 


250 PoTAMO-LEJEUNEA. 


3. P.-L. riparia. Dioica, a pr. differt lobulo majore planiore; cellulis 
subpellucidis; foliolis orbiculatis, segmentis subacuminatis; br. lobo 
obtuso; bracteola magna ovali apice brevissime bidentula subden- 
ticulata; per. obovato apice rotundato; andr. brevispicis. 


1. PotaMo-LEJEUNEA POLYSTACHYA, Spruce. 


Hab, Ad arborum radices ab aquis fluvii Uaupes cataractarum irrigatas. 

“75 x °5; lob 3x °125; c ay; f 35x °385; br 65; br'* 6x -2; per ‘9x “6; 
andrecia 1-0- 2°0; br Gg om: 

Robusta luride purpurea, in plagas magnas densas diffusa. Caules 14-2- 
pollicares subrecti parallel stratificatique, basi parum divisi, deinde 
longe simplices seepeve ramulis floriferis, ¢ et 9, crebre pinnulati. 

Folia contigua vel subimbricata, raro dissita, late semioblonga vel sub- 
ovata apice plus minus decurvo rotundata, a basi ultra } recte com- 
plicata; lobulus plus duplo brevior subrectangularis planiusculus, 
rarius inflatus, sinu lato, apice subacuto rotundatove; cellulee parvee 
subconformes subplane, annulo chlorophylli lato opaco circumdatee, 
centro pellucide. 

Foliola dimidium folium fere equantia, paulo dissita, late obovata, ad } 
bifida, sinu segmentisque abrupte acutis. 

Flores monoici, ramulis brevibus constantes. Ramulus 2 sub 4-phyllus 
simplicissimus (innovatione nulla), Bractese foliis caulinis breviores 
erecto-incurvee, vix ad 4 bilobie, lobo falcato-oblongo ligulatove 
rotundato, lobulo duplo breviore ’angustioreque lingueeformi acuto 
obtusove; bracteola fragilis ligulato-oblonga apice cucullato brevis- 
sime (vix ad +) bifida, segmentis abrupte acutis obtusisve. 

Perianthia emersa pyriformi-oblonga, apice depresso obsolete rostellata, 
subcompressa, antice depressa apice carinulata, postice argute bi- 
carinata, carinis glaberrimis. Calyptra subsequilonga sed angustior, 
rufula fusiformis. 

Amenta ¢ ramulum julaceum, folium caulinum 2-3-plo superantem 
sistentia; bractese 5-10-jugee, parvulee, evymbiformi-complicatee, bi- 
fidee, lobis ovatis, inferiore paulo minore acutioreque; bracteolze 
oblong emarginato-bifidee. 

Obs. EK ramis @ simplicibus melius forsan cum Cheilo-Lejeuneis 
militaverit, diversa autem habitu robusto et perianthiis haud compresso- 
bilabiatis. 

2. PotamMo-LEJEUNEA TEMNANTHA, Spruce. 


Hab. Saé Gabriel, in truncis fl. Negro inundatis. 
F°75 x °5; lob 2; ¢ ay; f'* 4x '35; br 6; per *7 x 4mm, 
Majuscula, luride purpurascens siccando fere nigra, fragilissima, late 
effusa. Caules 14-pollicares, insequaliter subpinnati, prostrati. 
Folia parum imbricata, angulo 80° patentia, oblique oblonga subfalcata, 
apice decurvo rotundata subtruncatave repandula, recte complicata; 
lobulus 4-plo brevior subrhombeus inflatus raro subplanus obtusus, 
interdum obsoletus; cellulee parvulze subconvexe pariete ad angulos 
valde incrassato, annulo opaco lato cincte, inferiores majores sub- 
elongate. 

Foliola vix duplo breviora dissita oblongo-rotunda ad 4 usque acute 
bifida, segmentis acutis obtusisve. 

Flores monoici: 2 in ramulo abbreviato terminales, innovatione simplice 


PotaMo-LEJEUNEA. 251 


(rarissime iterum prolifera) subtensi. Bracteze foliis minores, lobis 
planis subacutis, majore elliptico-lanceolato, minore diagonali ligulato- 
lanceolato equilongo brevioreve; bracteola ovata breviter bifida: 
omnes integerrime. 

Perianthia f. caulino subequilonga, subturbinato-oblonga urceolatave 
brevi-rostellata compressa, postice bicarinata, antice depressa carinu- 
lata, apice truncata, carinis celluloso-papulosis apice lato insigniter 
quadratis. 

Andreecia ramulis tenuibus julaceis 6-polyphyllis constantia. 

E colore lurido, perianthiis truncatis (non autem cornutis), ad Cerato- 

Lejeuneam certe accedit. Cerato-L. Coarine G. in Syn. Hep. 305, sub- 

ailinis, distinctissima tamen videtur. 


3. PotaMo-LEJEUNEA RIPARIA, Spruce. 


Hab. In fluvii Negro superioris ripis, ad truncos riparios inundatos. 

F-7x°5, *5x°35; lob 3x15; ¢ gy—gk; fit 35 x ‘35, ‘3x °3; br °65; bria 
“65 x °5; per “7 x °5™™, 

Rufo-lurida, prostrata, laxe stratificata; caules pollicares rectiusculi per- 
paulo ramosi, ramis pro more brevibus, 

Folia subplana parum imbricata, a basi fere ad medium usque complicata, 
plica recta angulum sub 80° cum caule formante, supra plicam sub- 
divergentia, subfalcata, oblique late oblonga rotundata repandula 
integerrima; lobulus } folii subequans subrectangularis vel semi- 
ovato-rhomboideus parum inflatus, sinu subexciso, apice acuto 
seepeque in dentem producto; cellule parvule subguttulatie limitibus 
latis trigonisque pellucidis, nucleo pellucido, granis chlorophyllicis 
subsparsis raro in annulum rufulum aggregatis: facie fere plane vel 
convexulze. 

Foliola subdissita, } folium equantia, suborbiculata, paulo ultra 4 acute 
bifida, lobis acutis seepe subacuminatis. 

Fl. dioici: Q in ramo breviusculo terminales, innovatione brevi simplice 
parvifolia suffulti. Bractez foliis vix equilonge, ad } bifida com- 
plicatze, lobo ovali obtuso, lobulo lanceolato acuto seepe lobum fere 
wequante; bracteola magna ovalis acuta, apice ad ;',-$ bifida, seg- 
mentis acutis plerumque tam contiguis ut bracteola integra videretur 
raro revera integra, superne angulata y. etiam paucidenticulata. 

Perianthia parum emersa obovata, apice rotundato brevi-rostellata, sat 
compressa, antice carinulata, postice bicarinata, carinis omnibus 
celluloso-subcrenulatis. d-Keeled 

Amenta ¢, in pl. propria, vel ramulum proprium vel rami apicem 
tenentia; bractese 4—5-jugee majuscule, cochleato-complicate, apice 
brevissime et fere zequaliter bifidee, subimbricatee. 

L. temnantha, huic omnium proxima, differt flor. monoicis ; lobulis foliis 
4-plo brevioribus; perianthiis apice tetragono-truncatis, &c. 

L. polystachya fl. monoicis, Q innovatione carentibus, ¢ amentis ad 
caulem creberrimis, perianthio levissimo, carinis apice rotundo- 
prominulis, &c., differt. 


Suscenus XXXII.—CHEILO-LEJEUNEA, §&. 


Plantze humiliores, raro pusilla, nunquam robusta, dense depresso-czespi- 
tose, recentes albidw, virescentes, flavide vel seepius rufuls, in sicco 


De CHEILO-LEJEUNEA. 


plerumque luride rufescentes, perianthio insigniter rufo, calyptra 
aurantiaca. Caules prostrati, in aliis speciebus rarius, in aliis fere 
constanter, ramulis mierophyllis pinnulati; caeterum vage ramosi 
vel subpinnati, ramis szepe assurgentibus. 

Folia subimbricata, nunquam conferta, supra plicam fere semper subfal- 
cata, patentissima divergentiave, ambitu plus minus semicordato- 
oblonga, rotundata, rarius obtusa, integerrima vei rarius celluloso- 
crenulata, seepius papulosa, lobulo turgido*3—4-plo breviore, nunquam 
obsoleto; cellule parvule, raro fere minutz, convexo-prominule, 
ambitu e chlorophyllo late opace, pariete ad angulos precipue 
pellucido. 


Foliola folii -} equantia, subrotunda, ad medium usque bifida, segmen- 


tis acutis, integerrima angulatave. 

Flores monoici vel dioici. Rami ? in plerisque breves longioresve sim- 
plicissimi, nunquam innovantes; in paucis innovatione simplice 
(varo prolifera) aucti. Bracteee liber distiche divergentes falcata: _ 
concave (parum complicate) integerrime, ad 4 bilobe, lobo fere 
semper rotundato, lobulo multo angustiore acutv; bracteola anguste 
subovalis breviter bifida seepeve integra. 

Perianthia late pyriformia sat compressa 4—5-carinata, carinis posticis 
pro more humilibus demum obsoletis vel in unam latam fere conflu- 
entibus, ore bilabiatim rupta, rostello brevi vel plane nullo. 

Andreecia varie posita—haud raro in ipso eaule v. in ramo primario ter- 
minalia—brevia longiorave; bracteis majusculis turgidis. 


Hah. In arborum precipue ripariarum cortice, raro in truncis prostratis, 
nunquam in foliis vivis, haud raro autem supra muscos reptantes; 
per planitiem sylvaticam ubique obvi, in montibus semel vise. 


Distr. Ad fl. Amazonum ejusque tributarios (preecipue boreales) 10 
species inveni (8? novas); quarum unica in Andes Peruvianos humiliores 
ad 1200" ascendit. Aliz species, jam antea descript#, omnes (ut 
videtur) neotropice sunt, a Mexico ad Brasiliam vigentes, in Antillis 
rariores, quarum nominare liceat L. confluens Ldnbg., L. xanthophylla 
Ldnbg., L. adnata Kze., L. parvistipula L. et G., L. Magnolia L. et G. ? 
L. Melastomalis L. et G., ? L. lurida Ldnbg.—L. duriuscula Nees, e 
Guiana, et L. phyllobola Mont. ex ins. Cuba, etiam in sylva Amazonica 
legi. 


A. Flores 9 tnnovatione nulla suffultt. (§ HAPLOcLADA). 
a. Monoice. 


1. Cheilo-L. ancogyna. Albida flavescensve subramosa, aliis ramis seepe 
microphyllis. F. subimbricata divergentia subfaleata semiovato- 
oblonga rotundato-truncata, lobulo 4-5-plo minore inflato, cellulis 
parvis subplanis. Foliola f. 4-5-plo minora ad 4 bifida. Ramus 9 
ae tins v. elongatus, simplex. Br. foliis majores, lobo obtuso; 
bracteola ovali-ligulata bidentula integrave. Per. obcordato-turbi- 
nata compressa postice obtuse bicarinata, demum fere leevia apiceque 
bivalvia. Andr. varie posita, bracteis 4-6-jugis. 

2. Cheilo-L. rosco-alba. A pr. distincta statura majore, ramis sepe 
elongatis neque microphyllis; f. semicordato-oblongis, lobulo 4 
folium fere equante planiusculo; foliolis duplo majoribus; bracteola 
anguste oblonga bifida; perianthiis pyriformibus longirostribus. 


CHEILO-LEJEUNEA. 250 


b. Dioice. 
b,. Foliola foliis subduplo minora. 


3. Cheilo-L. Panurensis. Majuscula lurido-viridis prostrata. F. conferti- 
uscula subdivergenti-falcata oblonga rotundata papulosa, lobulo 4- 
plo breviore inflato. Foliola 4 folio longiora rhombeo-rotunda fere 
ad 4 bifida. Andr, medio caule posita. 

4. Cheilo-L. assurgens. Pusilla pallida rufulave, caule prostrato, ramis 
assurgentibus breviusculis. F. subimbricata patentissima falcata 
oblique oblonga rotundata sublevia, margine postico concavo ad 
plicam tamen recto et subhorizontali, lobulo prioris. Foliola f. 
duplo breviora subrotunda ad 4 bifida, superiora submajora sape 
angulata. Br. 2 f. fere duplo longiores, ad 3 bifidee: bracteola obovato- 
lanceolata ad 1 bifida. Per. ... 

5. Cheilo-L. heteroclada. Gyrandiuscula albida et rufo-badia tenera pro- 
strata vage ramosa seepeque ramulis microphyllis pinnulata bipinnu- 
latave. F. imbricata decurva late semicordato-ovata rotundata ob- 
tusatave, subrecte complicata, lobulo 3-plo breviore inflato, cellulis 
parvulis subelongatis. Foliola plus duplo breviora oblato-rotunda 
fere ad $ bifida, superiora submajora ad 4-1} fissa. Br. foliis fere $ 
longiores, lobo rotundato; bracteola elliptica breviter bifida raro 
integra. Per. emersa rotundo-pyriformia suberostria sat compressa 
postice altiuscule bicarinata. 


b,. Foliola folvis 3-4-plo minora. 


6. Chetlo-L. decidua. Mediocris, olivaceo-rufa, vage ramosa, ramis ex 
parte denudatis. F. decidua subimbricata subfalcata oblique oblonga 
rotundata sinuato-complicata, lobulo 3-5-plo breviore decurrente 
saceato. Foliola distantia suborbiculata fere ad 4 acute bifida. 
Br. foliis minores, lobo rotundato; bracteola oblongo-lanceolata apice 
cucullato bidentata. Per. emersa obcordato-pyriformia submutica 
postice obtuse bicarinata demum fere leevia. 

7. Cheilo-Lejeunea papulosa. Pusilla subrufa czespitosa, ramis assurgenti- 
secundis seepe parvifoliis. F. imbricata subplana falcato-divergentia 
oblique oblonga rotundata insigniter papulosa margineque crenu- 
lata subrecte complicata, lobulo 3-plo breviore inflato. Foliola fere 
prioris. Br. foliis fere duplo majores, lobis vix complicatis acutis; 
bracteola obovato-lanceolata ad + bifida. 


B. Flores 2 innovatione suffultt. (§ NEOCLADA). 
a. Monoice. 


8. Cheilo-L.-nanodes. Minutula czespitosa vage ramosa. F. imbricata 
concava fere semicircularia abrupte acuta obtusave subpapulosa recte 
complicata, lobulo subduplo breviore inflato, cellulis fere minutis. 
Foliola folio 4-plo breviora rotunda vix ad 4 bifida. Br. foliis fere 
duplo majores complicato-concave breviter bilobe, lobo rotundato ; 
bracteola ovali-lanceolata ad 4 bifida. Per. vix emersa late pyriformia 
subcompressa, antice carinulata, postice 2-carinata. Andr. terminalia 
brevia, bracteis 3-jugis. 


b. Dioice. 


9. Cheilo-L. phyllobola. Pusilla rufula dense czspitosa, caule subpinna- 
tim ramoso, ramisque swpe subdenudatis, ramulis raro microphyllis. 


254 CHEILO-LEJEUNEA. 


F. fragilia subimbricata subdivergentia, semicordato-subrotunda 
repanda subrecte complicata, cellulis minutulis. Foliola plus duplo 
breviore late ovalia repandula, vix ad 4 bifida. Br. foliis multo 
majores; bracteola oblonga brevissime bifida. Per. subemersa late 
pyriformia valde compressa, carinis posticis demum obliteratis. 
Andr. varie posita, bracteis 5-jugis. 

10. Cheilo-Lejeunea duriuscula. Pr. similis, robustior, sordide flavida. 
F. subimbricata patula fornicata semicordato-oblonga angulata sinu- 
ato-complicata, lobulo 4-5-plo breviore turgido, cellulis subparvis. 
Foliola f. 2-3-plo breviora, superiora increscentia, late ovalia fere ad 
4 bifida. Br. foliis vix longiores; bracteola oblonga ad 4-4 bifida. 
Per. late pyriformia compressa, carinis lateralibus posticisque altis. 
Andr. terminalia, bracteis 3-jugis. 


1, CHEILO-LEJEUNEA ANEOGYNA, Spruce. 

Hab. Ad fl. Negro, Uaupés et Casiquari, sat frequens in cortice vetusto. 

F 6x45, 55 x°4; lob “1-13; ¢ pps; fit 15195, 125x125; br 
"6—"13 brea 15s, per 8 X55, “65 xb. 

Albida, pallide viridis flavescensve, arcte adrepens et in stratum tenue 
effusa. Caules }—-1-pollicares tenues flaccidi, vel paralleli pauciramei, 
vel intricate ramosi, aliis ramis seepe microphyllis. 

Folia subimbricata divergentia, seepe subfalcata, late dimidiato-ovato- 
oblonga, rotundato-truncata, v. subrotunda, repandula, subrecte com- 
plicata; lobulus folio 4-5-plo brevior ovato-rhomboideus inflatus, 
margine incurvo, apice truncato-acuto; cellule parvule subplane, 
ambitu late opacze, pariete ad angulos incrassato. 

Foliola distantia, subrotunda v. rhombeo-rotunda, foliis 4—5-plo minora 
(superiora tamen increscentia) ad 3 usque acute bifida, segmentis 
subacutis. 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo brevissimo longioreve—raro in ipso caule— 
terminales, sine ulla innovatione. Bracteze foliis submajores distiche 
patule decurvee profunde bilobze, lobo semiovali obtusato raro sub- 
acuto, lobulo parvo lineari subulatove; bracteola longe brevior ovali- 
ligulata apice bidentata vel integra obtusataque. 

Perianthia subemersa rotundo-vel seepius obcordato-turbinata brevissime 
rostellata, sat compressa, antice convexula, postice obtuse bicarinata 
y. seepissime carinis in unam latam subconfluentibus, levibus vel 
subpapulosis, demum bilabiata, labio postico interdum fisso. Calyp- 
tra parva perianthio duplo brevior, demum apice 3-loba. 

Andrecia in ipso caule vel in ramo terminalia, raro ramulum lateralem 
sistentia, linearia; bractesze 4-8-jugee laxiuscule ventricoso-saccate, 
f. caulinis duplo breviores. 

Var. subsessilis, caule seepe subsimplice, andreeciis fere constanter in caulis 
apice positis, floribus 2 ramulo brevissimo constantibus.— S. Gabriel. 
Riv. Cawapuna. 

Var. macroclada, caule ramosiore, andreeciis ramigenis, floribus 9 in ramo 
plus minus elongato terminalibus.—S. Gabriel. Il. Uaupés et Casi- 
quiarr. 


2, CHEILO-LEJEUNEA ROSEO- ALBA, Spruce. 
Hub. In sylva Amazonica, ad fl. Caipuré, in palmarum truncis. 


F 8x-55, 7x ‘5, lob “3x1, ¢ Ay; f' 35x35; br'* 5x2; per “75%, 
5x °3gmm 


CHEILO-LEJEUNEA. 255 


Prostrata seepeque in orbem supra matricem radiata, albo-viridis, in 
ambitu interdum roseo tincta. Canles semipollicares vage ramosi 
implexi, ramis valde inzquilongis, aliis flexuosis polyphyllis, raro 
apice, rarissime tota longitudine, attenuatis parvifoliisque. 

Folia subimbricata, angulo recto divergentia, oblique subsemicordato- 
oblonga, apice decurvulo rotundata vel subtruncata, a basi ad medium. 
fere usque complicata; lobulus lineari-rhomboideus, margine paulo 
incuryo, sinu exciso, apice acuto; cellule parvule, ambitu late opace, 
centro pellucide, inferiores sensim majores. 

Foliola dissita, dimidio folio paulo minora, orbiculata, ad medium fere 
bifida, sinu lato triangulari segmentisque acutis. 

Flores monoici: ? in ramulo, sepe brevissimo diphyllo, nunquam inno- 
vante, terminales. Bracteze foliis dimidio minores, ultra medium 
bilobee, lobo acinaciformi-oblongo rotundato incurvulo, lobulo lineari- 
linguzeformi acuto; bracteola lanceolato-oblonga breviter (ad 545-4) 
emarginato-bifida. 

Perianthia paulo emersa, pyriformia longirostria compressa, antice con- 
vexa, postice convexa et supra medium bicarinulata, demum (fructu 
magno repleta) turgida lzvissima, capsulé emiss4, bilabiata, labio 
postico raro apice fisso. 

Andreecia varie posita, vel in medio caule ramove, vel in ramuli basi 
apiceve; bracteze foliis consecutive, vix minores, 4—6-jugze turgide. 


A Cheilo-L. aneogyna distat statura majore; foliis submajoribus basi 
cordatis; lobuli foliolaque 2-plo vel fere 3-plo longioribus; ramis ? 
semper brevissimis; perianthiis longirostribus. 

L. leucophylla Lindenb. (Syn. Hep. 369) differt foliis subrotundis; foliolis 
foliis 3-4-plo minoribus; perianthiis acute 5-angulis. 

L. contigua Nees, subattinis, distincta est foliis confertissimis et peri- 
anthiis subeequaliter 5-carinatis, necnon ramis ? proliferis. 


3. CHETLO-LEJEUNEA PANURENSIS, Spruce. 


Hab. Panuré, fi. Uaupés, in truncis prostratis. 
F -65x°4, lob 15; ¢ Js—dy3 f@ 35 x B5™, 


Lurido-viridis, prostrata. Caules 1-2-pollicares, parum ramosi; alii 
rami ex p. parvifolii. 

Folia 4-4 lat. imbricata—inferiora interdum conferta—basi (ad lobuli 
apicem usque) fere horizontalia parum ascendentia, dein divergentia, 
subfalcato-oblonga, antice semicordata, facie papulosa, margine re- 
panda subecrenulata, apice subfornicata vel fere plana; lobulus plus 
4-plo brevior convoluto-inflatus ovoideo-oblongus acutus; cellule 
parvulz, ad angulos incrassatee, intus sinuate annulo opaco latius- 
culo cinctz, subconformes, guttulate, convexo-prominule. 

Foliola vix duplo minora, imbricata, rhombeo-rotunda, fere ad 4 bifida, 
sinu segmentisque subacutis. 

Ck ot an 

Andreecia in medio caule ramove posita; bracteze sub 4-juge majuscule 
turgidee. 

Foliis majoribus, magis elongatis, papulosis, et foliolis majoribus imbri- 


c 


catis, a L. heteroclada S. differt. 


256 CHEILO-LEJEUNEA. 


4, CHEILO-LEJEUNEA ASSURGENS, Spruce. 


Hab. San Carlos del Rio Negro, in, cortice. 

F -4x°3, lob °1, ¢ ay; br “75, brit 55 x -25; f 2x2, -2x -25mm, 

Pusilla pallescens rufulave depresso-ceespitosa; caules -$ pollicares pro- 
strati, imeequaliter subbipinnati, ramis assurgentibus pro more 
brevibus paucifoliis, aliis parvifoliis. 

Folia perpaulo imbricata patentissima falcata oblique oblonga rotundata, 
basi antica aliquando semicordata, margine postico concava ab apice 
ad lobuli sinum usque, dein complicata, plica recta et vel horizontali 
vel parum decurrente; lobulus folio 4-plo brevior rhomboideus in- 
curvo-intlatus (exinde subovoideus), margine apiceque (subacuto) 
plerumque conspicuis; cellule parvee medio pellucide ambitu opacee, 
guttulate, suk elongate, paucee suprabasales nonnunquam (nec semper) 
duplo longiores quam late, omnes subplanze. 

Poliola dissita, foliis duplo breviora, subrotunda, ad medium usque bifida, 
sinu subobtuso depresso, segmentis acutis, superiora (versus fl. 9 ) sub- 
majora sepeque angulata. 

F]. dioici: Q in ramo brevi longioreve terminales. Bracteee distichz 
falcato- -patule, foliis fere duplo longiores, obovato-oblongze rotund, 
ad # bifidee (nee semper complicatie), lobulo lineari lingueeformive 
subacuto; bracteola obovato-lanceolata ad 1 bifida, segmentis con- 
tiguis subacutis, seepe in fl. sterili convolutiva, 

Perianthia . ... . 

L. papulosa differt foliis margine postico recto v. subconvexo, facie mar- 
gineque papulosis, lobulo submajore saccato; foliolis duplo minori- 
bus, ete. 


CHEILO-LEJEUNEA HETEROCLADA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad fl. Negro juxta S. Gabriel, 8. Carlos, ete., etiam ad fl. Caipurt 
fluvio Trombetas eee in truncis preecipue inundatis. 

F 55x °45, lob "15-2, ¢ de; fle -2x 25, 25x°3, 28x 34; br °75; bris 
6x 35; per “7X 2. amenta g 6 x"45™™, 

Grandiuscula, albida et rufo-badia tenera; caules bipollicares radicellis 
fasciatis arcte adrepentes, vage ramosi seepeque ramulis microphyllis 
pinnati et bipinnulati. 

Folia subimbricata (ad }—yrarissime ad 4 lat. usque), decurva, obscure 
falcata, late semicordato-ovata rotundata—raro solum oblique obtusa 
—repanda, s subrecte complicata ; lobulus sub 3-plo brevior ovato- 
rhomboideus, inflatus acutus; cellule parvule paulo elongatee con- 
vexuls subconformes, intus flexuosee, ambitu late opace, pariete ad 
angulos subincrassato. 

Foliola inferiora subdissita foliis fere 3-plo breviora oblato-rotunda sub- 
angulata ad 4 fere bifida, superiora vix 2-plo breviora ad 4-} solum 
bifida, segme ntis subacutis, 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales in ramo brevissimo—raro longiore vel in 
caulis ipso apice, innovatione nulla suffulti. Bracteze foliis dimidio 
fere longiores, patentissimze vel falcato-divergentes ligulato-oblonge- 
obovateve obtusze vel rotundatee, vix ad i bifidee, ‘lobule ligulato 
duplo fere angustiore apice lanceolato subacuto; bracteola elliptica 
subplana ad 4 bifida—in fl. fertili brevissime bifida, interdum integra 
—segmentis contiguis acutis. 


CHEILO-LEJEUNEFA. 257 


Perianthia foliis duplo fere longiora, late pyriformia—interdum sub- 
rotunda—erostria, sat compressa, antice carinulata, postice altiuscule 
bicarinata subleevissima. 

Andreecia ovato-oblonga, vel ramulo toto vel ejus apice solo constantia; 
bracteze 3-5-jugee majusculee turgidee subzequilobee. 

Var. subandina Spruce.—In M. Campana, alt. 1200™, ad cortices; etiam 
super Cerro Pelado, alt. 600™, in saxis. 

F-6x°5, 5x4; lob -1—125; ¢ a; fi ‘25x ‘35, “3x38; per 8 (1°2) 
“soon 

Caules bipinnati, ramis inzequilongis, plurimis microphyllis. Folia sub- 
divergentia semicordato-ovato-rotunda, lobulo 5-plo fere breviore 
interdum breviapiculato; cellule folii marginem versus multo 
minores. Foliola ad +4 bifida, simu segmentisque obtusis. Peri- 
anthia rufa, alte carinata, demum elongata et quasi-stipitata, bi- 
labiata. Calyptra perianthio sat brevior, pyriformis.—Forsan pro 
specie propria habenda. 


6. CHEILO-LEJEUNEA DECIDUA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad fluvium Caipura, fl. Trombetas affluentem, flum. Amazonum 
tributarium, in cortice. 

FT xb, 45 x35, lob 125, c s; f'* 15°18; br ‘5-6; br? 5 x -25; per 
Vinh. os caps “3™™, 

Mediocris, ex olivaceo-viridi subrufa. Caules pollicares prostrati flexuosi 
rigidiusculi (viminei) vage ramosi, ramis assurgentibus flexuosis, 
seepe e foliis deciduissimis plus minus denudatis. 

Folia paulo (ad ¢ lat.) imbricata decurvula parum falcata, oblique oblonga 
rotundata, basi antica ampliata non autem semicordata, postica 
sinuato-complicata; lobulus folio 3-5-plo brevior triqueter saccatus, 
ad plicam rectus (f. rameorum tamen semiovatus inflatus, plicé sub- 
conyex4), apice acuto seepius occulto; cellule mediocres zequilaterali- 
hexagon, ambitu late opacee, pariete ad angulos incrassato, folii 
marginem anticum apicemque versus multo minores. Folia ramea 
seepissime decidua, vel eorum lobulo solo persistente. 

Foliola distantia, foliis 3-4-plo minora, suborbiculata, ad 4 fere bifida, 
sinu segmentisque acutis, 

Flores dioici: 2 in ramulo brevissimo cauligeno terminales, innovatione 
nulla suffulti. Bracteze foliis minores subfalcato-patulee semioblongee 
rotundate, ad 4 long. bifidee, complicate vel non, lobulo lineari- 
lanceolato-acuto; bracteola oblongo-obovatove-lanceolata, apice bre- 
vissime fisso rotundata seepeque cucullata, 

Perianthia foliis caulinis sublongiora, flavida, opaca, fragilia, obcordato- 
pyriformia-cuneatave valde compressa, mutica vel solum minute 
umbonulata, antice subdepressa, postice obtuse bicarinata, fructu 
egresso turgida, carinis fere obliteratis, ore bilabiata. Calyptra duplo 
fere brevior rufa sessilis pyriformis. Capsula globosa haud alte emersa. 


Cheilo-L. phyllobola, foliis deciduis nostra analoga, ramo fcemineo inno- 
vato, ete. longe distat. L. lurida Lindenb. (Syn. Hep. 379) pluribus 
notis conformis, differt foliolis obovatis profunde bifidis, praecipueque 
florescentia monoica. L. heteroclada 8. aliis ramis microphyllis; foliis 
persistentibus brevioribus late semicordato-ovatis; foliolis superioribus 
multo majoribus breviter fissis; bracteis magnis; perianthiis postice alti- 
uscule bicarinatis, distincta est. 

TRANS, BOT. SOC, EDIN. VOL, XV, 2K 


~ 


258 CHEILO-LEJEUNEA. 


7. CHEILO-LEJEUNEA PAPULOSA, Spruce. 


Hab. Mandos, ad fl. Negro ostia, in cortice. 

Ff 35 x25, lob 12, ¢ 5: f* 08 x08, 1 X12". 

Pusilla subrufa ceespitosa. Caules }-pollicares prostrati subpinnatim 
ramosi, ramis assurgenti-secundis, pluribus plus minus parvifoliis 
fragilibusque. 

Folia imbricata subfalcato-divergentia subplana oblique oblonga rotun- 
data celluloso-crenulata subrecte complicata; lobulus 3-plo brevior 
ovato-rhombeus inflatus subsaccatus, apice incurvulo acuto; cellule 
parvee opacee—solum centro pellucidee—papuloso-prominule scaberu- 
leeque, pariete subincrassato. 

Foliola distantia, foliis 4-plo minora, orbiculata, ad medium usque bifida, 
segmentis subacutis. 

Flores dioici: 9 in ramo pro more brevi terminales—seepe ramulo hine 
vel utrinque, distante tamen neque bractez adnato, suffulti. Bractec 
(fl. sterilis) foliis duplo fere majores, divergentes, apice incurvo- 
cucullatee, fere ad 4 bifidee, lobulis vix complicatis conniventibus 
acutis, postico multo angustiore, bracteola obovato-lanceolata ad 4 
bifida. 


Obs. What seem to be innovations are not such, for they are not 
adnate to the bracts, and indeed arise from the outer base of the 
leaves next below the bracts. They are either solitary (unilateral) 
or a pair (opposite), and sometimes are altogether wanting. 


8, CHEILO-LEJEUNEA NANODES, Spruce. 

Hab. Santarem, fl. Amazonum, in cortice. 

F 25x18, lob “1-125: ¢ gls3 f! 07x ‘07; br. Ll. “4x °25; br “35 x -18; 
per “4x *3m™m, 

Pusilla—fere minuta—badia depresso-ceespitosa. Caules 4-pollicares vage 
ramosi, ramis arcuatis, seepe superne sensim parvifoliis. 

Folia imbricata assurgentia concava semiovata v. fere semicircularia 
abrupte acuta obtusave, raro rotundata, repandula, facie subpapulosa, 
recte complicata; lobulus 4 folio fere equilongus subtransversus, 
inflatus oblongo-ovoideus, margine interno latiusculo quasi-truncato, 
apice brevi-dentiformi; cellule subminutee, subconvexulie, intus 
annulo opaco cinctee, parietibus perpaulo incrassatis. 

Foliola minuta foliis fere 4-plo brevior rotunda vix ad 4 bifida, segmentis 
subacutis. 

Flores monoici (rari): ? in ramo terminales, innovatione interdum pro- 
lifero suffulti. Bracteze foliis fere 2-plo minores, distiche patule, 
vix decurvee, concayee complicate: breviter biloba, lobo oblique 
obovato subrotundato, lobulo angusto lineari acuto; bracteola ovali- 
lanceolata, ad 4 bifida, segmentis subacutis. 

Perianthia bracteis equilonga, luride rufa, late pyriformia, brevi-rostellata, 
subcompressa, antice apice carinulata, postice 2-carinata, carinis sub- 
lwvissimis, demum bilabiata. 

Andrecia ramum terminantia; bracteze 3-jugze foliis equimagnie turgid 
subsequilobie. 


AL. phyllobola et duriuscula certe differt florese. monoica caeterisque 


CHEILO-LEJEUNEA. 259 


caracteribus; a L. parvistipula L. et G. (e Mexico) caule foliisque duplo 
fere minoribus, foliis subdimidiatis seepe acutis, bracteis obtusissimis. 

L. discoidea L. et L.! (ex ins. 8. Vincentis, hb. Hook.) nostra statura 
pusilla ete. sat similis, differt foliis dimidiato-ovato-oblongis, lobulo folio 
4-plo minore, cellulis solum parvis; foliolis } folium zquantibus ad 4- 
solum bifidis; demum perianthio turbinato-globoso argute 5-carinato.— 

L. myriantha N. et M. (e Guiana Gallica) folia habet orbiculata toto fere 
longitudine complicata ; foliola submajora breviter fissa, et perianthia 
obcordata acute pentagona. 


9, CHEILO-LEJEUNEA PHYLLOBOLA, Mont. 

Hab, Ad fl. Amazonum, in cortice, minus frequens quam L. duriuscula. 

F -35 x ‘25, 35 x °3, ‘38 x ‘35; lob 1; ¢ gs—gh; (f"* *15 x 125) br 6; br'* °55 
Meoe, per (x4; andr -65™™. 

Pusilla pallide rufula, dense depresso-ceespitosa. Caules subpollicares 
vage v. subpinnatim ramosi, flexuosi, seepe foliorum lobis majoribus 
deciduis subdenudati, ramulis raro microphyllis. 

Folia fragilia quasi-vitrea apice subscariosa, parum imbricata, subdiver- 
gentia seepeque assurgenti-recurvula, subsemicordata, rotunda vel 
late oblonga et rotundata, celluloso-repanda, subrecte complicata ; 
lobulus vix 4-plo brevior ovatus subsaccatus apice brevi incurvo; 
cellulee minutulz subconformes pulchre guttulate, centro ovali- 
globosee pellucide, annulo opaco eadem forma vel leniter 6- 
sinuato in peripheria, pariete pellucido ad angulos incrassato. 

Foliola dissita, foliis plus duplo breviora, late ovalia v. rhombeo-ro- 
tunda, vix ad 4 usque acute bifida, repandula, segmentis patulis 
obtusis, acutis v. subapiculatis. 

Flores dioici: fl. Q in ramo brevi, vel in ipso caule, terminales, inno- 
vatione (seepe prolifera) suffulti. Bracteze foliis multo majores late 
distiche patule, vix ad $ complicato-bilobze, lobo semiovali obtusato, 
lobulo multo angustiore lineari v. rhomboideo; bracteola oblonga 
solum ad # (in fl. sterili ad 7) emarginato-bifida, sinu segmentisque 
subacutis. 

Perianthia foliis caulinis duplo longiora assurgenti-recurva rufula late 
pyziformia valde compressa, antice l-carinulata postice bicarinata, 
carinis posticis humilibus demum fere obliteratis, fructu egresso 
bilabiata, rostellata, levissima. Calyptra rufa, perianthio sub- 
brevior. 

Amenta ¢ seepius in rami apice terminalia, quin etiam medio caule 
proveniunt, turgide spicata folio caulino subduplo longiora; bractez 
5-jugee majuscule cymbiformi-complicate ultra medium bifid, 
segmentis obtusatis erosulis. 

Var. turgidula 8., paulo robustior, foliis submajoribus vix unquam 
caducis, lobulo submajore; bracteis (altera saltem) acutis; bracteola 
ad 3 v. fere ad 4 bifida, segmentis subacuminatis; perianthio viridi 
turgescenti-pyriformi, primum compresso et humiliter 4—5-gono, 
demum inflato fere tereti, post capsulam emersam raro bilabiato, 
apice autem 3-5-valvi.—Hab. prope Para. 


10. CHEILO-LEJEUNEA DURIUSCULA, Nees. 
in Syn. Hep. p. 364. 


Hab. In sylva Amazonica, precipue versus fluminis ostia, ad Para, 


260 CHEILO-LEJEUNEA 


Caripi, ete., ad tluvios Aripecurt et Catpurt fl. Trombetas affluentes, 
in cortice, sepe Plagiochilas et muscos intestans; ad fl. Negro rarius. 
Etiam in Guiana (CURIE; LEPRIEUR). 


F 6 x°4, 45 x °38; lob 125; c 95; f' 3x25, ‘2x2; br ‘5-6; bra 5x 
‘353 per Ox Oe, 


Pallide sordide viridis flavidave, siccando seepe subrufa badiave, parum 
odorata, in tegeticulas latas densas prostrata. Caules 1-14$-polli- 
cares flexuosi rigiduli, subpinnatim ramosi,ramis sparsis ineequilongis, 
aliis (vel in toto vel ex parte) parvifoliis, 

Folia subimbricata patula fornicato-decurva suboblique semicordato- 
oblonga subrotundave, rotundata, angulata vix obscure crenulata, 
sinuato- -complicata; lobulus 4—5- plo brevior turgide ovatus, apice 
incurvo brevi acuto; cellule subparve, submarginales multo 
minores, subelongate (inferiores preecipue) outtulatie convexule, 
pariete incrassato, “medio pellucidie, ambitu late opacze. 

¥oliola dissita vel subcontigua, foliis 2-3-plo breviora, superiora sensim 
majora, late ovalia rotundave, fere ad 4 bifida sinu pro more an- 
gusto segmentisque acutis. 

Flores dioici: ? in ramo terminales, innovatione (sepe microphylla) 
suffulti. Bractez foliis subsequilongee distichze subfalcatze oblique 
oblonge rotundatee—altera rarius acuta—ultra medium  bilobe, 
lobulo} vario, angusto, seepe lineari-ligulato; bracteola oblonga ovalisve 
convolutiva ad 4-4 bifida, segmentis acutis incurvo-conniventibus. 

Perianthia subemersa rufescentia late pyriformia at compressa, apice 
rotundato-truncato retusulove rostellata, 5-carinata, carinis posticis 
lateralibusque altis leevibus, demu bilabiata. 

Andrcecia in planta propria ad ramos terminalia; bracteze majusculze sub 
3-juge. 

Planta e fl. Aripecuru bracteas habet longiores lanceolatas, alteram 
acutam acuminulatamve. Altera e fl. Caipur u, floribunda, foliis plani- 
oribus, bracteola segmentis obtusis, a typo parum discrepat. 


Suspcenus XXXIII.—HU-LEJEUNEA, S. 


Plante mediocres vel pusilla, tenellee am magne nee robustee— 
leete, pallide v. flavo- virides, albicantesve, raro “subolivacese, nun- 
quam (nisi raro acd perianthia) rufee, siccaudo parum mutate flavi- 
dieve, strato tenui v, densiore late repentes, raro ex p. assurgentes. 
Caules tenuiusculi pro more pallidi fragiles, pinnati vel vagi, 
rarius ex parte dichotomi. 

Folia majuscula paryave “35—9™™ (in plerisque “6—-7™™.) longa, paulo 
(nunquam dense) imbricata v. dissita, subplana, in paucis concaya, 
basi plus minus dilatata longitudinalique inserta, ovata ovaliave, 
rarius subrotunda, raro basi semicordata, apice obtusa rotundatave, 
rarius acuta, Vix unquam acuminata, integerrima v. in paucis e cellu- 
lis marginalibus prominulis sube renulata, recte v. subsinuato-com- 
eg “lobulo seepe parvo, v. in sp. pusillis obsoleto, in perpaucis 
} folium «quante superanteve, inflato, in paucis subplano; cellule 
medize pro more mediocres Ayn) rarvius parvee v. fere minu- 
tule, rarissime majusculze, omnes subconformes, subplane, raro 


Evu-LEJEUNEA. 261 


papuloso-(nunquam conico-) prominule, leptodermes, trigonis per- 
parvis nullisve, chlorophyllo parco. 

Foliola foliis 2-3-plo—in sp. pusillis 4~7-plo—minora, raro majuscula, 
in nulla foliis ipsis equimagna, subrotunda vel late ovalia, raro 
subangustiora, fere vy. usque ad 4 bifida—in paucis sp. ad # usque 
—laciniis ovatis lanceolatisve perraro subulatis, pro more subacutis, 
nunquam late obtusatis, integerrima v. rarissime utrinque 1-dentata. 
Haustoria fascize-vel seope-formia. 

Flores in plurimis monoici, in paucis dioici: in ramo, raro in ipso 
caule, terminales, innovatione simplice, v. (aliarum specierum) pro- 
lifera, suffulti, raro dichotomiales. Bracteze foliis subsequilongz. 
angustiores, suberectee—necdecurvo-hamatz nec distichepatentissima 
—integerrimee, pro more lobulatze, lobulo,parvo, raro nullo; bracteoli 
seepissime libera, angusta—2-3-plo longior quam lata—in perpaucis 
fere tam lata quam longa—apice brevissime v. ad 4 bifida. 

Perianthia *35-1°1™™ longa, plerumque emersa, plus minus pyriformia 
obovatave, rostellata, paulo compressa—in perpaucis magis com- 
pressa apiceque obcordata, 5-carinata, carinis raro peracutis, in ple- 
risque leevissimis, in paucis subtuberculosis. 

Andreecia perseepe ramulo tenui cauligeno constantia, rarius in ramo 
terminalia; bracteze pauci-raro pluri-juge, parve, im paucis sp. 
majusculze, in nulla foliis equimagne, diandre. 


Hab., in zona tropica fere semper arborea, raro rupestris, sepe in foliis 
vivis, palmarum precipue, et in filicibus, haud in truncis putridis nisi 
supra alias hepaticas et muscos; in zonis temperatis autem perseepe ru- 
pestris, nunquam foliicola. 


Distr. In America eequatoriali 30 species (plerasque novas) legi, 
quarum 11Megalostipas, omnes montanas vel etiam subalpinas, in Andi- 
bus inter 1500 et 3500™ alt. crescentes, preter Hu.-L. flava Sw., species per 
totam planitiem sylvaticam dispersa, in Audibus nullibi ad 1500™ usque 
ascendens. Microstipe erant 6 species, quarum 4 in planitie solum 
observavi, ceteree 2 in Andium radicibus alt. 500™ vix attingentes ; 
Planilobe 7 species, quarum 2 in Andibus, ad alt. 2200™ usque, supra 
suffrutices vigebant; czeterze solum in planitie, truncos vetustos et filices 
diligentes, earum una, Hu-L. inundata n. sp., cum ejus var. fontinaloides, 
ad arborum truncos ramosque fluviorum Negro et Uaupés irrigatos, 
seepe barbam pendulam sistens, Hydropogon fontinaloides Hook. fluvio- 
rum vicinorum Casiquiari et Orinoco simulans. Cardianthe speciebus 
sub 6 constabant, omnes in planitie Amazonica vigentes, una sola etiam 
in Andium radicibus vix supra 500™ alt. visa fuit. 


Eu-L. serpyllifolia, cam varietatibus suis in hemispheera boreali late 
dispersa, “‘ cosmopolitana” ab auctoribus dicta, in America equatoriali 
mihi nullibi obvia fuit. Specimina tropico-asiatica in herb. Hook. sub 
nom. L. serpyllifolie asservata, L. flave var. (=L. thymifolia N.) ex p. 
videntur. Species 3 v. 4, L. serpyllifoliew arcte affines, in Europa et 
America boreali temperata crescunt, inclusa L. flava, extra tropicos solum 
ad Killarney Hiberniz inventa.—Aliz plurime Hu-Lejewnee in libris de- 
criptee sunt, maxima parte America tropica indigene, pauce Africane, 
Indice, Malayane vel Australasice., 


Subgenus in 4 sectiones, sequente modo distinguendas, dividendum: 


262 Ku-LeJEUNEA. 
* Per. parum compressa distincte 5-carinata, apice rotundata retusar 
(neque obcordata). 
+ Folia lobulo inflato. 
§ 1. MecaLostips, foliolis 4 folium subequantibus, in paucis majoribus 
minoribusve, subrotundis, ad 4-4 bifidis. Pl. seepe elatiuscule. F. rotun- 
data obtusave, In perpaucis acuta. 


§ 2. Microstip&, foliolis foliis 3-8-plo minoribus, sepe subcuneatis, raro 
fere rotundis, semper ultra medium bifidis, in paucis fere bipartitis. P). 
omnes pusille. 

tt Folia lobulo subplano apice seepe subulato, interdum ad dentem planwm 
fere redacto, in paucis obsoleto. 

$3. PLranttop#®. Pl. plurime pusille tenerrime, interdum  elon- 
gate. 

** Per. sat compressa curinis 2 posticis humilibus carinuld anticd sepe 
subnulld, apice obcordata. 

$4. CarpiantHa&. PI. pusillee mediocresve. F. lobulo parvo nullove. 
Foliola parva, in unica sp. majuscula. 


§ 1. MEGALOSTIPA. 
A. Fl. monoict. 
Folia rotundata obtusatave. 


1. Bu-L. megalostipa. F. late semicordato ovata subpapulosa, lobulo 
magno 4 fol. excedente; c. g—™™ diam. Foliola foliis paulo 
minora fere ad 4 bifida, segmentis subacutis. Bracteola bracteis sub- 
connata ad } bifida. Per. subemersa obovato-pyriformia tenui- 
rostria alte 5-carinata. Andr. polyphylla. 

2. Bu-L. cyathophora. Pusilla. F. ovata rotundata raro subacuta, lobulo 
duplo breviore; ¢. 34. Foliola foliis vix duplo minora ad 4 bifida, 
segmentis subobtusis. Bracteola obovato-oblonga ad 3 bifida. Per. 
emersa obovata ecarinata, rostello turbinato insigni. Andr. oligo- 
phylla. 

[ Lu-L. Sinclarii Spruce MS. Majuscula albicans. IF’. subfornicata pree- 
late ovata subsemicordata, apice varia, seepe subacuta, raro rotundata, 
lobulo vix duplo breviore, cell. L. flavew. Foliola f. duplo minora 
subcordato-ovali-rotunda ad 4 bifida, segmentis acutis. Bracteola 
lanceolata breviter bifida, basi utrinque connata. Per. alte emersa 
pyriformia, alte argute 5-carinata.—N. Zelandia.] 

3. Bu-L. leucophea. Elongata albescens. F. supra lobulum 4-plo brevi- 

orem divergentia, semicordato-oblonga, c. j,™". Foliola paulo 

minora cordato-ovato-rotunda, vix ad 4 bifida, segmentis subacutis. 

Bracteola obovato-lanceolata vix ad 4 bifida. Per. alte emersa 

clavato-pyriformia brevi-latirostria compressula superne alte 5-cari- 

nata. Andr. minuta crebra. 

1, Bu-L. flava. Majuscula, albicans flavidave. F. oblonga, rarius ovato- 

oblonga rotundata, lobulo 3~-7-plo minore, ¢. parvulis. Foliola 

2-3-plo minora, superiora increscentia, ad 4—} bifida, segmentis acutis 
obtusisve. Bracteola cuneato-lanceolata obovatave, ad 4-4 bifida. 

Per. plus minus emersa pyriformia subcompressa 5-carinata, carinis 

humilibus subobtusis. 

[Bu-L. serpyllifolia Dicks. F, obovata vel oblongo-rotunda, rotundata 

raro solum obtusa, lobulo sub 3-plo (raro solum 2-plo) minore, cell. 


Nw 


w 


Eu-LEJEUNEFA. 263 


mediocribus. Foliola 2-.3-plo breviora orbiculata ad 4 bifida, seg- 
mentis acutis obtusisve. Bracteola cuneato-lanceolata ad 4 bifida. 
Per. emersa obovata v. obovato-oblonga compressula acute 5-cari- 
nata.—Zona temperata boreal. | 

5. Hu-L. hebetata. EF. majuscula concava semicordato-ovata subpapulosa 
angulato-repanda, lobulo plus 5-plo breviore, e¢. mediocribus. 
Foliola plus duplo minora late ovata ultra $ bifida, segmentis obtu- 
satis, margine recurvulo crenulato. Bracteola ovali-rotunda ultra 4 3 
bifida. Per, emersa pyriformi-oblonga subcompressa argute 5-cari- 
nata. 

6. Eu-L. leptalea. Elongata tenuis pinnatim ramosa_pellucidissima. 
Folia decurrentia ovato-oblonga obtusata, lobulo 3-plo breviore inter- 
dum apiculato, c. parvis, inferioribus autem duplo majoribus. Foliola 
2-3-plo minora subrotunda ad 4 bifida, segmentis subacutis. Brac- 
teola ovalis breviter bifida. Per. alte emersa pyriformia humiliter 
5-carinata. 

Eu-L. cochleata. Subolivacea. F. subdissita late semicordato-ovata 
rotundata, raro obtusa, cochleato-concava, margine postico apiceque 
recurvula, lobulo vix 3-plo breviore, ¢. parvis subconformibus. 
Foliola fere 3-plo minora concava, fere ad 4 bifida, segmentis obtusis. 
Bracteola oblonga vix ad j bifida. Per. pyriformi-obovata alte argute 
5-carinata. 


b. Folia omnia v. pleraque acuta. 


8. Hu-L. flagellaris. Elatior laxe bipinnata, ramis apice seepe flagellari- 
bus. F. concava late semicordato-ovata, superiora subapiculata, 
inferiora seepe obtusata, lobulo 4-plo breviore, cellulis mediocribus, 
Foliola duplo breviora orbiculata vix ad 3 bifida, segmentis acutis. 
Bracteola cuneato-lanceolata fere ad 4 bifida. Per. alte emersa pyri- 
formia alte 5-carinata. 

9. Eu-L.ramulosa. Pusilla, ramulis microphyllis pinnata. | F. dimidiato- 
ovata subacuminata, lobulo 6-plo breviore. Foliola 3 folio longiora 
ad medium bifida, segmentis subacuminatis. Br. fere sequilobz; 
bracteola subrotunda ultra 3 bifida, segmentis acuminulatis. Per, 
alte emersa pyriformia altiuscule 5-carinata, carinis subtuberculosis. 


B. Flores dioici. 


[Eu-L. pulvinata L. et Ldng. Pusillaalbida. F. erecto-patentia concava 
oblongo-rotunda, lobulo 4-plo breviore. Foliola paulo minora sub- 
orbiculata ad 3 bifida, segmentis obtusis. Bracteola ovalis ultra 4 
bifida. Per. turgide obovata brevirostria humiliter 5- gona.— Brasilia, 
Peruwvia. | 

10. Eu-L. cladobola. Pusilla pulvinata pinnata, ramis parvifoliis deciduis. 
F. subplana ovato-lanceolata obtusata, lobulo 5-plo deo C, 
mediocribus. Foliola paulo breviora ovali-rotunda ad 4 1 bifida, seg- 
mentis subcuspidatis. 


Obs. Lejeuneas alias paucas dioicas legi, facie Hu-Lejewnew preeditas, ob 
perianthii defectu autem haud certe ad hoc subgenus revocandas. 
§ 2. Microstipa, 


11. Bu- L. humefacta. Elongata pinnata, ramis pro m. paucis brevibus, 
seepe floriferis (¢ vel °). F. late semiovata rotundata, lobulo fere 


264 Evu-LEJEUNEA, 


4-plo minore. Foliola fere 4-plo minora subrotunda, segmentis sub- 
obtusis. Br. foliis breviores, vix ad } bifida, paulo ineequilobee; 
bracteola ligulata ad 4 bifida. Per. emersa late pyriformia rotundato- 
truncata subcompressa. 

12. Eu-L. filipes. Elongata laxe pinnata, FF. parva ovali-rotunda, 
lobulo 3-plo breviore interdum obsoleto. Foliola 5-6-plo breviora 
rotundo-quadrata, segmentis triangularibus acutis. Br. foliis eequales, 
ad 2 bifidee, lobulo paulo angustiore; bracteola lanceolato-ligulata ad 
1 bitida. Per, altiuscule emersa pyriformia subretusa subcompressa 
alte carinata. : 

13. Eu-L. Carolensis. Tenuissima subramosa. F. late oblonga obova- 
tave, lobulo 3-4-plo breviore. Foliola 4-plo minora subsquarrosa 
cuneata, segmentis patulis subulatis basi 3 c. latis. Br. foliis sub- 
eequales, lobulo parvo; bracteola ligulato-oblonga vix ad 3 bifida. 
Per. emersa anguste pyriformia rotundata longirostria sat compressa. 

14. Eu-L. Coffee. Laxe subpinnata. F. subfalcato-oblonga, lobulo 
obsoleto. Foliola 6-7-plo minora bipartita, segmentis suberectis 
basi 2 ¢. latis. Br. foliis breviores profunde bifidse ineequilobe; 
bracteola longe lanceolata fere ad 3 bifida. Per. pyriformia subcom- 
pressa obtuse carinata. 

15, Hu-L. prorepens. Pinnatim ramosa.  F. late ovato-oblonga, lobulo 0. 
Foliola 4-plo breviora cuneata profunde bifida, segmentis basi 3-4 c. 
latis. Br. foliis sublongiores, lobulo minuto nullove; bracteola 
cuneata breviter bifida. Per. subemersa cuneato-obpyramidata com- 
pressula. 

16, Hu-L. Obidensis. Vage ramosa, F. late ovata rotundata obtusave, 
elobulata. Foliola 3-plo breviora subrotunda ultra } bifida. Br. 
foliis subminores elobulate; bracteola cuneato-lanceolata vix ad 3 
bifida. Per. subemersa pyriformia subcompressa, carinis apice trun- 
cato-prominulis. 


§ 3. PLANILOBA. 


A. Foliola sepe angustiuscula, profuicde bifida. 


17. Eu-L. inundata. Tenuis seepe valde elongata, ramulis ¢ et 2 crebre 
pinnulata. F. angusta ligulato-ovalia rotundata, lobulo 2-7-plo 
breviore cuneato trapezoideove subulato-apiculato. Foliola 3-plo 
breviora angusta, caule vix latiora, segmentis suberectis subulatis. 
Br. parvee breviter equilobie; bracteola ligulata breviter bifida. Per. 

parvula obovata ab ipsa basi argute 5-carinata, carinis subpapulosis. 

18. Mu-L. suffruticola. 'enerrima laxe pinnatim ramosa, ramis 9 inter- 
dum dichotomis. F. late ovato-oblonga rotundata, lobulo 4-5-plo 
breviore subquadrato apice ligulato, ¢. parvulis. Foliola vix duplo 
breviora oyali-rotunda, segmentis faleato-conniventibus. Br. parvee 
paulo ineequilobee ; bracteola obovato-lanceolata ad 4 bitida. Per. 
emersa obovata compressula 5-carinata. 

19. Bu-L. solanicola. Pusilla florentissima, pinnatim ramosa, ramis brevi- 
bus. F. oblonga rotundata, lobulo 3-4-plo breviore rhomboideo 
apice subulato. Foliola 2-plo breviora ovata, laciniis late subulatis 
incurvis basi 4c. latis. Br. foliis subminores paulo inaquilobie; 
bracteola oblongo-cuneata ad } bifida. Per. subemersa valde dia- 
phana subturbinata turgidiuscula acute 5-carinata. 

20, Hu-L. Artocarpi. Pusilla, priori similis, diversa foliis late ovatis, 


Evu-LEJEUNEA. 265 


lobulo ovato-quadrato subacuto; foliolis superioribus increscentibus, 
laciniis lanceolatis basi 6c. latis; bracteis foliis equimagnis, bracteola 
lanceolato-oblonga; per. alte emerso, obconico-pyriformi, compres- 
sulo, 

B. Foliola rotundiora solum ad 4 bifida. 


21. Eu-L. setiloba. Pusilla tenella subramosa. F. oblonga obtusata, 
lobulo minuto ad dentem subulatum 4c. longum fere redacto. 
Foliola fere 4-plo minora oblonga, segmentis acutis. Br. foliis eequi- 
longze, lobis fere sequilongis, inferiore duplo angustiore; bracteola 
lanceolato-oblonga ad 4 bifida. Per. subemersa globoso-pyriformia 
alte 5-carinata. 

22. Eu-L. muscicola. Pusilla vage ramosa. F. late ovata subrotundata, 
plica basali minuta dentem 1-2e. altum proferente. Foliola 6-plo 
breviora rotunda. Br. foliis breviores parvilobulate; bracteola ovali- 
lanceolata brevissime bifida. Per. emersa pyriformi-oblonga 5-cari- 
nata, carinis subpapulosis. 

23. Eu-L. subsessilis. Flaccida tenerrima subpinnata. F. majuscula late 
ovata abrupte subacuta obtusave obscure crenulata, lobulo subnullo. 
Foliola 4-5-plo minora. Fl. @ in caule fere sessiles, innovatione 
simplice suffulti. Br. foliis 2-plo minores, lobulo subnullo; brac- 
teola ligulata apice bidentata. Per. emersa brevi-clavata longirostria 
5-carinata, carinis apice truncatis. 

24. Bu-L. Tarapotensis. Tenaciuscula. F. majuscula ovato-oblonga sub- 
falcata, lobulo subnullo. Foliola foliis 4-5-plo minora. Fl. in 
ramulo brevissimo terminales, innovatione simplice. Br. parve, 
altera parvilobulata, altera elobulata; bracteola cuneato-oblonga 
bifida basi utrinque connata. Per. alte emersa, obconico-pyriformia 
subcompressa brevirostria, carinis apice rotundo-prominulis papu- 
losis. Br. ¢ monandre. 


9 4. CaRDIANTHE. Per. sat compressa, carinis 2 posticis humilibus, 
carinula antica sepe subnulla, apice obcordata. Pl. pusille mediocresve, 
omnes monoice. F. lobulo parvo nullove. Foliola parva, in unica sp. 
majuscula. 

A. Foliola rotunda ad 4 bifida. 

25. EHu-L. cordiflora. Majuscula. F. late ovato-oblonga rotundata recte 
complicata, lobulo 4-plo breviore. Foliola vix duplo minora, seg- 
mentis subobtusis. Per. obcordato-pyramidata sat compressa postice 
humiliter bicarinata, margine interdum obsolete alata. Andr. cauli- 
gena, br. 5-jugis. 

26. Hu-L. Cauapunensis. Tenella decomposita. F. falcato-oblonga rotun- 
data subsinuato-complicata, lobulo sub 4-plo breviore. Foliola 4-plo 
breviora rhombeo-rotunda, segmentis acutis. Bracteola angusta 
cuneato-lanceolata ad 4 bifida utrinque 1-dentata. Per. magna 
obcordato-cuneata valde compressa tenuirostria. Andr. terminalia, 
br. 3-jugis. 

27. Hu-L.? siccata. Pusilla vage ramosa. F. semiovata rotundata ob- 
tusave subpapulosa crenulata, lobulo 5-plo breviore. Foliola 4-6-plo 
breviora, segmentis subobtusis. Br. perparvee crenulatee; bracteola 
ovalis breviter bifida. Per. alte emersa obovata compressa, apice 
subtruncata raro subobcordata, carinis papulosis. 


B. Foliola angustiora ultra 4 bifida. 
28. Hu-L. drymophila, F. ovato-oblonga rotundata raro subacuta, lobulo 
TRANS, BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV, 21 


266 Iiu-LEJEUNFA. 


4-plo breviore nullove. Foliola 3-plo breviora squarrosula ovali- 
cuneata, segmentis subulatis basi 3—4c. latis. Per. emersa obcordato- 
cuneata compressa, interdum rudimentarie alata, carinis posticis 
obtusis demum in unam latam subconfluentibus. 

29. Eu-L. orbicularis. Caules in stratum tenuem orbicularem effusi. F. 
ovato-oblonga rotundata obtusatave, lobulo obsoleto. Foliola 4-plo 
breviora ovata, segmentis basi 3c. latis. Per. alte emersa pyriformia 
compressula subretusa (parum obcordata) carinis posticis valde ob- 
tusis. 

30. Eu-L. limbata. Caules sparsi subpinnati. F. oblonga rotundata 
marginata, lobulo 5-plo breviore nullove, cellulis sat magnis (;;™™), 
submarginalibus plus duplo minoribus. Foliola 3-plo minora ovali- 
subcuneata, laciniis basi 2-3c. latis. Br. foliis minores. Per. alte 
emersa triangulari-pyriformia rotundato-retusa sat compressa. 


1. Ev-LEJEUNEA MEGALOSTIPA, Spruce. 


Hab. In M. Guayrapata Andium Quitensium, alt, 3000™, cum Lejeunea 
laxifolia Tay]. in arborum ramulis repens. 


F -75 x ‘6, 1:05 x ‘9, lob °4, ¢ Fy—-sy; fle 6 x °6; br ‘8-9; per 1:1 x 6™™. 


Pallida pellucida prostrata. Caules $-1-pollicares tenelli pinnati, in- 
terdum ramis microphyllis pinnulati. 

Folia subimbricata late oblique semicordato-ovata, basi antica caulem 
late transeuntia, apice rotundata raro triangulari-obtusa, facie sub- 
papulosa, margine obscure crenulata, subsinuato-complicata; lobulus 
majusculus dimidium folium subexcedens ovatus inflatus, apice 
libero plerumque involuto; cellule fere minutule equilatera, 6- 
(dein 5-8-) gonee, solum folii marginem versus subquadratee, limi- 
tibus pellucidis haud inecrassatis, centro pellucide, ambitu latius- 
cule opacee, papuloso-prominule. 

Foliola magna, foliis seepe eequilata paulo breviora, orbiculata vel ovato- 
orbiculata, ad medium fere usque bifida, segmentis patulis sinuque 

-acutis obtusisve, basi subcordata, margine incurva. 

Flores monoici: 2 terminales, fere semper dichotomiales, innovationibus 
(vel altera saltem) iterum floriferis. Bracteze foliis subeequilongee 
complicato-bilobe, lobis obtusis, antico ovato-rhomboideo, postico 
multo angustiore ligulato; bracteola bracteis basi subconnata spathu- 
lato-obovata ad + anguste bifida. 

Perianthia foliis sublongiora obovato-pyriformia compressula plicato- 
5-carinata rotundato-truncata tenuirostria, carinis vix subpapu- 
losis. 

Andrecia ramulo tenui constantia vel ramum terminantia; bractez 
plurijugee. 


A ceteris omnibus Lu-Lejewneis foliolis magnis aliena, Huosmo-Le- 
jeuneis aflinior; ab his tamen diversa aspectu, textura, odoris absentia, 
foliis grandilobis, ete. 


Obs. In some stem-leaves of the ordinary size, the lobule is larger 
and more inflated, and contains two narrow-oval bodies—not anthe- 
ridia, but pups, either of some minute coleopterous insect or of one 
of the apide. Those I saw were battered, but I could make out they 
liad rudimentary legs. 


Eu-LEJEUNEA. 267 


2, Ev-LEJEUNEA CYATHOPHORA, Mitt. 
In Lond. Journ, Bot. (1851). 


Hab. Pichincha et Tunguragua, alt. 2500-8000", utrinde supra Lejeuneam 
laxifoliam Tayl. repens. 

F 6x4; lob -3; ¢ 3—sy; f'* 85x 35; br “65; br’ 55x 3; per 85x °4, 
rostellum *15™™, 


Pusilla viridis. Caules }-pollicares parce vage ramosi. 

Folia paulo imbricata subplana horizontalia oblique ovata rotundata, 
raro obtusa subacutave, repandula, integerrima, medio infero subsinu- 
ato-complicata; lobulus=4$ folium anguste ovato-fusiformis valde 
involutus, apice occulto; cellule mediocres pellucide leptodermes, 
chlorophyllo parco annulari. 

Foliola subcontigua foliis vix duplo minora, subrotunda, ad } bifida, 
sinu segmentisque obtusis, raro acutis, plana. 

Flores monoici: @ terminales, innovatione (seepe prolifera) suffulti. 
Bracteze foliis parum longiores oblique ovatze obtuse profunde 
complicato-bifidee, lobulo parvo obliquo ligulato rotundato; bracteola 
obovato-oblonga ad $ bifida, sinu segmentisque acutis. 

Perianthia emersa pellucida obovata inflata, ecarinata, ex apice depresso 
rostellum turbinatum apice minute perforatum proferens. Capsula 
subglobosa. 

Andreecia ramulis folio caulino sublongioribus constantia; bracteze 3—4- 
Jugee. 

Obs. The cells of the rostellum are ranged vertically, and are trans- 
versely oblong, becoming wider where the globose head of the turbinate 
rostellum is widest, so that the lines formed by their lateral juncture 
resemble meridians of longitude. The whole apparatus is a miniature 
copy of the horn, or “lantern” of Fulgora lanternaria, and becomes 
eyathiform only when ruptured by the emission of the capsule. 


3. Eu-LEJEUNSA LEUCOPHA, Spruce. 
Hab. In ramulis ad Rio Verde, fl. Pastasa affluentem, alt. 1500™, 


F “75 x°5, lob “18-2; ¢ 3; f* .55x°5; br -6; br* 6x °35; (fl. aadll. br 
eet LOX -55))5 per “9 x -35™™. 


Albescens, pellucida, tenerrima, prostrata pendulaque. Caules 2-polli- 
cares flaccidi pinnatim ramosi, ramis pro more brevibus dissitis. 
Folia subimbricata subplana, basi saccata angulo 45°, a lobuli apicem 
fere recto, divergentia, oblique semicordato-oblonga—vel-ovato- 
ovalia, rotundata v. obtusata; lobulus inflatus, folio 4-plo brevior, 
margine (ex involutione) transverso, apice occulto; cellule parvule, 
equaliter subincrassate, marginem versus multo minores, prope 
basin majores. 

Foliola magna, foliis equilata, vix 4 breviora, profundiuscule cordato- 
ovato-orbiculata, vix ad 4 obtuse bifida, segmentis acutis obtusisve. 

Flores monoici: 9 in ramis terminales, innovatione simplice suffulti, 
aro dichotomiales. Bracteze foliis subminores—floris axillaris 
tamen majores—profunde biloba, complicate ; lobis lanceolato- 
oblongis rotundatis, lobulis multo minoribus subligulatis obtusis 
v. altero acuto; bracteola obovato-lanceolata haud al + usque 
bifida, segmentis subacuminatis. 


268 Evu-LEJEUNEA. 


Perianthia alte emersa, clavato-pyriformia, rostello brevi latiusculo ore 
subampliato coronata, compressula, superne alte 5-carinata, demum 
ab apice 4-valvia, valvulis apiculatis, apiculo sublineari cellulas 5 
longo, ¢. 2 (apice ipso ¢. 3) lato. Calyptra paulo brevior pyriformis 
basi attenuata. 

Amenta ¢ minuta albida crebra lateralia, f. caulino subduplo breviora, 
incurvula, late ovoidea, compressa; bracteze 3-5-jugee confertee. 


Foliis foliolisque magnis, his pro ratione etiam majoribus basique 
valde distincte cordatis; amentis ¢ semper minutis; perianthiis altius 
carinatis, rostello latiore, a L. flava certe distincta species videtur. 


4, Eu-LEJEUNEA FLAVA (Sw.) 


Jungermania flava Sw. Prodr, Fl. Ind. Occ., 144. Lejewnea flava G. L. 
et N. Syn. Hep, 373.—L. thymifolia Nees, Syn. Hep. 372 (pro 
parte). 

Hab. In arborum cortice radicibusque, necnon in foliis vivis, rarius 
in herbis (Aroideis, Musaceis, etc.) et filicibus, interdum ad rupes, 
per sylvam Amazonicam vulgata, in Andium radicibus vix supra 
1300™ ascendit. Per Americam tropicam late dispersa, montes 
tamen altiores effugiens. In India orientali tam continentali quam 
insulari; etiam in Europa occidentali (Hibernia, prope Killarney) 
inventa est. 

F 6x38, 5 x°3, °45 x ‘35; lob 1-08; c. medie J ,— Ps 5 f* 35 x °3,°3 x -25, 
2x ‘2: br ‘8—5; br'* -6 x °2; per 1°2x °4, "75 x°3, ‘65x “4m. 

Viridis vel albo-viridis, siccando flavida, vel (in var.) albida, siecando 
immutata vel flavida, tenella, tegeticulam latam densam sistens 
vel sparsa. Caules 4-2-pollicares vage ramosi vel pinnati, ramis 
fertilibus monotropo-innovandis vel dichotomis interdum ascen- 
dentibus. 

Folia contigua vel subimbricata, ad plicam erecto-patentia dein sub- 
divergentia oblique oblonga vel ovato-oblonga rotundata concavula 
basi subdecurrente complicata; lobulus parvus folio 5-7-plo brevior 
triangulari-saccatus, margine inflexo transverso vel subascendente, 
apice brevi acuto plerumque occulto, raro obsoletus; cellule parvule 
subplanz pellucidie, pariete ad angulos subincrassato (vel non), aqui- 
laterze, inferiores subelongatee. 

Foliola inferiora minora distantia, superiora majora contigua foliis vix 
duplo breviora ovali-orbiculata orbiculatave—interdum subovata— 
ad 4, raro ad 4 usque, ab apice bifida, segmentis subobtusis acutisve, 
vel altero acuto altero breviore obtuso, rima pro more angusta, 
basi rotundata—raro indistincte cordata, 

Flores monoici: @ in caule ramove subrecte innovando-prolifero— 
raro dichotomo—terminales. Bractez foliis subaequilongze vel ma- 
jores, complicate, ultra } bilobee, lobis obtusis, antico lanceolato 
ovalive, postico breviore duplo angustiore ligulato; bracteola angusta 
cuneato-lanceolata, carinata, ad 4—raro ad 4—bifida, segmentis 
acutis. ; 

Perianthia viridia, paulo emersa, pyriformia vel pyriformi-oblonga, ex 
apice rotundato vel solum obtuso brevirostria, compressula, antice 
depressa medio carinulata, postice subobtuse bicarinata, levia—alia 
fere wqualiter pentagona; post capsulam emissam seepe basi elongata, 


Tu-LEJEUNEA, 269 


quasi-stipitata. Calyptra tenuis obovata. Capsula ovato-globosa in 
pedicello longiusculo exserta. 

Andreecia vel ramulo foliis caulinis breviore, bracteis 3-v. 4-jugis con- 
stantia; vel in ipso caule ramove terminalia longispica, bracteis 
6-10-jugis laxiusculis turgidis pro more parvulis. 


Speciei tam late distribute formas innumeras legi, limites tamen inter 
illas frustra queesivi, plurimis vix pro varietatibus (meo sensu) habendis. 
Solum in duas cohortes, sive subspecies, primo visu omnes se divi- 
dunt, se. 

1. flava (typica) ad arborum radices, in truncis vetustis et in rupibus 
habitans, colore in vivo amcene-vel flavo-viridi, in sicco fere semper 
flavescente; foliis oblique oblongis, nunquam semicordatis; foliolis 
raro ultra + alt. bifidis, basi rotundatis; bracteola angusta seepe triplo 
longiore quam lata. 

2. albida, in foliis vivis vel supra alias hepaticas reptans, colore tam re- 
cente quam post siccationem albicante; foliis vel oblongis vel sub- 
ovatis—hasi latioribus interdum semicordatis ; foliolis seepe ad dimi- 
dium usque bifidis basi minus raro subcordatis ; bracteola latiore— 
vix duplo longiore quam lata. 


Forme intermediz inveniuntur, que nexum completum inter has 
duas cohortes preebent.—Ad subsp. euflavam pertinet torma longicaulis, 
caulibus elongatis subramosis, ramisque parallelis stratificatis plagas latas 
in scopulorum facie ad fi. Negro cataractas, necnon ad arborum vicinarum 
pedem, efficiens. Folia dissitiora subfalcata. Amndreecia seepius termi- 
nalia longispica. Czespites unisexuales adveniunt, alii tamen plantas 
monoicas cum unisexualibus mixtas monstrant.—Forma dichotoma, flori- 
bus 9 fere constanter ex innovationum oppositarum furca ortis, crescit 
in M. Guayrapurina (alt. 900™) et ad S. Carlos fluvii Negro, in corticibus. 
Huic forme adsunt foliola interdum submajora, 4 folium subsuperantia. 
—Forme pusille variis locis vigent; earum una, ad Caripi prope Pard 
lecta, intermedia est quoad caracteres inter euflavam et albidam.—He 
omnes forme foliolis gaudent ab apice pro more ad 4 altitudinis solum 
bifidis; in eodem cespite tamen sepe adveniunt plantz quarum foliola 
ad 4 usque fissa sunt.— Planta Hibernica typica est, cum Swartziana 
originali bene conveniens, quoad colorem flavovirentem, foliola magna ad 
% fissa, ete. 


Subsp. albida quoque polymorpha est, formasque plures, inter se parum 
diversas, induit. Ad fl. Negro, in Muse folio carioso legi formam platy- 
stipam, foliolis paulo latioribus quam longis (3 x*85™™), bracteis foliis 
caulinis brevioribus. Forma subacutifolia, foliis plerisque (ac in typo) 
rotundatis obtusatisve, superioribus tamen interdum abrupte subacutis, 
czeterum nullo modo a typo diversa, crescit in fl. Negro sylvis super gramina 
(Pariane sp.) Forma parvi-angustifolia, recens albescens, siccando flavida, 
foliolis cordato-orbiculatis, nec aliter a typo diversa, habitat in trunco 
vetusto ad Caripi prope Pard. 


Obs. As several very distinct species are found in herbaria under the 
name “ Lejewnea flava”—even Lindenberg having sometimes given a form 
of the very distinct L. denticulata for it—I add a few diagnostic marks 
which may aid in identifying it. Although it runs into many forms, 
none of them are widely apart, and scarcely merit being called varieties. 
The two “subspecies” I have described above are better distinguished by 
their colour and place of growth than by any structural character; the 


270 Evu-LEJEUNEA. 


yellowish-green form growing chiefly about the roots of trees and shrubs, 
on old trunks, and on shaded rocks, not often mixed with other species ; 
the whitish form almost invariably on living leaves of trees, and even of 
herbs, where it is often accompanied by other foliicolous Lejeunce. 

In typical specimens, especially of the subspecies albida, the leaves on 
the main stem—or, at least, on its lower half—have the lobule decurrent 
at the fold (which is usually straight—not convex) at an angle of about 
45°; and incurrent (or obliquely ascending at the incurved free upper 
margin, at about the same angle; whence the upper margin of each lobule 
is in a line with the lower margin (the fold) of the next lobule on the 
opposite side of the stem, so that the outlines of the lobules form, as it 
were, a series of W’s, written consecutively across the stem. 

In the upper leaves of the stem, and in nearly all the branch-leaves, 
the lobules are more turgid (rounded at the fold), and their upper margin 
more incurved—more nearly transverse; so that their outlines are not 
quite continuous with those of the leaves on the opposite side of the 
stem. 

In all forms of the species the leaves are obliquely oblong, narrowed 
at the insertion, then suddenly dilatated at the antical base, but not 
wider there than at the middle, so that they are rarely to be called 
somewhat ovate, and still more rarely semicordate. 

Medial leaf-cells smallish (,—,"™ Im diameter) nearly equal and equi- 
lateral, those towards the apex being very slightly smaller and towards 
the base slightly elongate; all pellucid, containing little chlorophyll, and 
with the walls very slightly (or not at all) thickened at the angles. 

Underleaves usually cloven to the middle (especially in the subspecies 
albida), but often to only 4 of their length; the deepest sinuses being 
acute, the shallowest obtuse: both states occasionally found on the same 
plant. The segments, mostly subobtuse, are often decidedly acute, and 
it is common to find the two segments of unequal length—the shorter 
being obtuse, the longer acute. The largest and best formed underleaves 
are just half the length of the adjacent leaves—rarely a little longer and 
never much shorter. Their normal form is orbicular—sometimes slightly 
lengthened (oval), at others slightly widened (oblate), more rarely sub- 
ovate. 

Inflorescence monoicous, the 9 flowers being terminal on the branches, 
or even on the stem, and subtended by a simple or repeatedly proliferous 
innovation—or sometimes by a pair of opposite ones. Unisexual plants 
are not infrequent, but rarely occur apart from normal monoicous ones. 
Bracts about as long as stem-leaves, in fertile flowers—but sometimes 
much longer in sterile flowers—complicato-bilobed, with obtuse lobes, the 
autical lobe lanceolate, the postical only half as wide and usually shorter. 
Bracteole usually narrow lanceolate—varying to cuneato-lanceolate and 
obovate, and wider in the white than in the yellow varieties; in fertile 
flowers it is cloven to about the middle, but in sterile flowers more 
deeply. 

Perianth very slightly emersed, green, pyriform, rounded at the apex, 
and with a rostellum of moderate length, slightly compressed, obtusely 
bicarinate at the back, and very slightly keeled along the middle of the 
depressed upper face, all the keels perfectly smooth. After the emission 
of the capsule, the perianth often becomes enlarged, subclavate, and, as 
it were, stipitate, by the lengthening of its base. Capsule ovato-globose, 
on a longish geniculato-articulate pedicel of 12 tiers of cells. 

Androcia are either a short ramulus, bearing only 3 or 4 pairs of bracts 


Eu- LEJEUNEA. 24 


—rarely more; or are terminal on the branches—or even on the stem— 
aud are then often elongate, having 10 or more pairs of smallish laxly- 
imbricated diandrous bracts. 

The chief variations of L. flava are already indicated above. The Irish 
form (=L. Moorei Lindberg. Hep. in Hibernia lect. 1875)—first found 
near Killarney by Mackay,* and recently by Lindberg and Moore—is 
quite the same as the West Indian, as represented by Swartz’s own 
specimens in herb. Hook. It belongs to the yellow-green form, although 
one of Moore’s specimens has whitish plants intermixed; and it has the 
large underleaves cloven to about the middle, with usually obtuse seg- 
ments,—or with one segment longer and acute, the other shorter and 
obtuse, as is frequent also in 8. American specimens. And it is to be 
noted that some states of L. serpyllifolia have quite as obtuse underleaves 
as L. flava. The large form of serpylli,olia, growing in North Yorkshire 
(Mowthorpe Dale, etc.), has them often very obtuse, but subacute ones 
are also present. The var. cavifolia, as represented by Stabler’s West- 
moreland, and some of my own Pyrenean specimens, has also often very 
obtuse underleaves. 

A few easily-observed characters usually suffice to distinguish every 
form of L. serpyllifolia Dicks. from L. flava Sw. (1) The size is smaller 
and the colour more rarely yellowish; (2) the leaves rounder, and with 
a much longer and more turgid lobule, sometimes equalling half the leaf; 
(3) the cells larger (,4,™™ in diameter, against ~,—3,™™ in L. flava); (4) 
the underleaves variable in size, generally smaller than in L. flava, 
always cloven quite to the middle, and with the segments oftener acute, 
(although in some forms obtuse); (5) the perianths rather shorter, acutely 
5-carinate, (whereas in every form of L. flava the keels are very slightly 
raised, and obtuse). 

As to L. thymifolia Nees (Syn. Hep. 372), Gottsche admits it to be a 
composite species, as it stands in ‘Syn. Hepaticarum.’ Only the Javan 
and Indian specimens (he says) should be called by that name. The 
plant from Serra de Estrella (Brazil), gathered by Beyrich, is a form of 
L. pulvinata; and that from Madeira (perhaps also the Mexican plant) 
belongs to L. flava. (Mex. Leverm. 218.)—Whether there be, even in 
India, any “ L. thymifolia” distinct from L. flava is doubtful, for I have 
examined Javan specimens of the former, named by Nees himself, and 
could find no character to separate them.—The plant published as ZL. 
thymifolia N. by Mitten in Hooker’s ‘ Handbook of the N. Zealand 
Flora’ not only does not agree with the original description, but the 
specimens show it to be distinct also from L. flava and serpyllifolia. I 
have given its spec. char. above, and add here a few diagnostic marks: 
Eu-Lejeunea Sinclairia 8. (=“ L. thymifolia N.” Mitt. 1. ¢.) a L. flava et 
serpyllifolia foliis fornicatis prelate ovatis—fere triangularibus—seepius 
subacutis; lobulo magno 4 folium excedente; bracteola utrinque cum 
bracteis connata; perianthii carinis prealtis compressisque, bene dis- 
tincta est. 

5, Eu-LeJEUNEA HEBETATA, Spruce. 
Hab. In sylva Canelos, juxta fl. Pastasa, supra Odonto-L. rhomaleam 
parasitans. 


* The Eng. Bot. figure of ‘‘Jung. serpyllifolia,” t. 2537, April 1, 1813, 
made from specimens gathered at Killarney by Sir T. Gage, is so much more 
like L. flava than L. serpyllifolia that I suppose it may really be that 
species. 


ata Eu-LEJEUNEA. 


F -8x°6; lob 15; ¢ a; fi 35°35, 3.x ‘355 br “7 x“ Sona oee 
pe rT 1:0 x ‘45mm, 

Tenella pallide viridis leniter fuscescens. Caules semipollicares laxe 
subpinnati, aliis ramis brevibus subparvifoliis. 

Folia subimbricata majuscula late patentia concava oblique semicordato- 
ovata, fere dimidiata, rotundata obtusatave, subpapulosa angulato- 
repanda, basi recte complicata; lobulus plus 5-plo brevior subrhom- 
beus acutus incurvo-inflatus; cellule mediocres subconformes pel- 
lucidee, pariete valido ad angulos vix incrassato. 

Foliola plus duplo minora patentia late ovata carinata, ultra medium 
bifida, segmentis anguste ovatis obtusatis, margine recurvulo repando- 
crenulato. 

Flores dioici (?): 9 in caule ramove terminales, innovatione hine v. 
sepius utrinque suffulti. Bracteze foliis subminores profunde (ad 4) 
bitidee, lobo faleato-ovali obtuso angulato, lobulo parvo, altero rhom- 
beo altero ligulato; bracteola ovali-rotunda ultra 4 bifida, segmentis 
contiguis subacutis. 

Perianthia emersa pyriformi-oblonga—demum stipitato-elongata fere cla- 
vata—brevirostria, subcompressa, argute 5-carinata, carina antica 
humiliore, leevia. 

A L. serpyllifolia Dicks. differt foliis valde obliquis distincte semi- 
cordatis, lobulo minuto; foliolorwm segmentis obtusissimis, et perianthio 
longiore. 

6. Ev-LEJEUNEA LEPTALEA, Spruce. 


Hab, Andes Quitenses: in arborum truncis, socio Hypno scarioso Tayl., 
ad montis Altdr latera, alt. 3350m., loco Hacienda de Titarcin. 

F 5x :45, 45x38; lob -15 (2 ad plicam mensus); ¢ 7; f'% 2x2, 
15x °15; br (lob) -4x°2; per 75 x -4m™, 

Laxe cespitoso-prostrata, pallide viridis, tenerrima, foliis valde deciduis. 
Caules 4—1-pollicares tenues pinnati, ramis brevibus ineequilongis, 
v. subbipinnati, ramulis seepe parvifoliis (lobulo dimidium folium 
sequante). 

Folia parum imbricata, subpatula, a basi lata decurrente oblique ovato- 
oblonga obtusata; lobulus folio 3-plo fere brevior ovatus subinflatus, 
ad plicam convexus, apice exciso-acutus v. in apiculum brevi-subu- 
latum porrectus ; cellule parvee pellucidee eptodermes subplane, 
inferiores (a folii basi ad medium fere usque) subduplo majores 
seepeque vacue, ocellum magnum rotundum sistentes. 

Foliola foliis 2-3-plo minora, dissita, subrotunda, ad 4 bifida, sinu obtuso, 
segmentis acutis subobtusisve. 

Flores monoici (7): 9 in ramulo brevi terminales, innovatione simplice 
microphylla suffulti. Bracteze foliis paulo minores appressee com- 
plicato-bilobse, lobis oblongo-ligulatis, postico duplo breviore, triplo 
angustiore; bracteola ovalis breviuscule bifida, rima angusta. 

Perianthia bracteis fere duplo longiora pyriformia subrostellata sub- 
eequaliter 5-carinata, carinis humilibus acutis, demum apice 2-5- 
fida. 

Andrecia.... 

Habitu L. flave, distincta tenuitate; foliis caducis magis decurrentibus, 

cellulis superioribus minoribus, inferioribus multo majoribus, lobulo 

majore planiore sepius apiculato; bractearum lobis ligulatis; ete.—De 
inflorescentia niinus certus sum, quum andreecia invenire non potui. 


Evu-LEJEUNEA. Qe 


7. Ev-LEJEUNEA COCHLEATA, Spruce. 


Tab. In M. Tunguragua, ad arbores supra lichenes repens; in M. Chim- 
borazo supra folia viva. 

F *4x°3, -4x°35; lob 15; ¢ ps—h; f''15x«°15; br °4; brit 35x 2 
fone los Mer = x Amn 

Prostrata, ex olivaceo virescens. Caules pollicares, laxe pinnatim ramosi. 

Folia vel dissita vel subcontigua, raro subimbricata, patentia, late oblique 
semicordato-ovata obtusa vel seepius rotundata, cochleato-concava, 
Margine postico tamen supra lobulum apiceque ad conche orificii 
instar recurvula, basi sinuato-complicata; lobulus vix 3-plo brevior 
inflatus subrotundus sed tam convolutus ut late ovoideus videatur, 
apice acuto incurvo; cellule parve subconformes, subplanee, lepto- 
dermes ad angulos vix subincrassate, pellucide, ambitu tenuiter 
opace. 

Foliola foliis triplo fere minora patula suborbiculata concava, fere ad 
medium usque acute bitida, segmentis obtusis raro acutis. 

Flores monoici et dioici: 2 terminales; ramus fertilis v. brevissimus, 
foliis 0-3-jugis infra florem stipatus, v. raro elongatus polyphyllus; 
in plurimis exemplis innovatione simplice, in paucis prolifera, auctus. 
Bractez foliis subzquales, ultra medium bilobz, lobo ovali obtuso, 
lobulo minore diagonali triangulari-lingueformi; bracteola oblonga 
v. obovato-lanceolata, vix ad + acute bifida, segmentis acutis. 

Perianthia pyriformi-obovata, brevissime rostellata, alte argute 5-carinata, 
pellucida, demum szepe basi elongata. Calyptra pyriformis tenuis. 
Capsula ovali-globosa in pedicello longiusculo geniculato-articulato 
exserta. 

Amenta ¢ prope caulis basin posita, ramulo tenuiusculo f. caulina sub- 
duplo superante constantia; bracteze 3-6-jugze mediocres. 

L. patens Lindberg (Hep. in Hibernia lect.), paulo major est, pallida, seepe 
albicans; foliis supra lobulum insigniter divergentibus, totis concavis, 
margine postico apiceque haud recurvis, cellulis subprominulis; peri- 
anthiis que magis obpyramidatis quam obovatis, mihi diversa videtur. 


8. Eu-LEJEUNEA FLAGELLARIS, Spruce. 


Hab. M. Chimborazo, in arboris folio, plurimis aliis Lejewneis consociata. 

F *65x°5; lob “15; ¢ 3; f® 33x°38; dr 53 br -45x°3; per 
el i a 

Albicans, prostrata; caules pollicem longi, laxe bipinnati, ramique apice 
seepe flagelliformi-elongati, sensim parvifolii, necnon (sed rarius) 
ramulis parvifoliis pinnulati. 

Folia subimbricata patula, decurvo-concava, late semicordato-ovata ab- 
rupte acuta subapiculatave, inferiora caulina tamen haud raro 
obtusata, basin versus subsinuato-complicata, cum lobulo 4-plo bre- 

viore, apice brevi acuto, in saccultm parvum involuta; cellule 
subconformes mediocres vix incrassatze planiuscule, intus annulo 
endochromii angusto opaco cinctee. 

Foliola dissita foliis duplo breviora oblato-orbiculata, vix ad medium 
usque subobtuse bifida, segmentis acutis. 

Flores dioici (?): 9 in ramo brevi parvifolio terminales, innovatione tenni 
simplice (nec prolifera) suffulti. Bracteze foliis breviores, appressee, 
lobis vix ad 4 usque coalitis, complicatis, lanceolatis acutis, inferiore 
subminore; bracteola cuneato-lanceolata, fere ad medium bifida. 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 2M 


274 Tiu- LEJEUNEA. 


Perianthia alte emersa, luride rufa, pellucida, pyriformia vel_oblongo- 
fusiformia, alte 5-carinata, obscure rostellata. 


Obs. Adveniunt frequenter ramuli parvifolii, amenta male formata 
mentientes; anne igitur florescentia, in statu perfectiore, monoica }— 
Habitus fere L. flave robustioris. —Rami flagelliformes stricti rigidiusculi. 
—F foliis subacutis ad Taxilejeuneas accedit, differt ramo fertili semper 
unifloro.—L. Choachina G. et L. hygrophila G. (Hep. Novo-Granat., 62, 
63), nostre certe valde aflines sunt, differunt tamen ramorum flagelli- 
formium defectu; prior preeterea, folia habet apice reflexa, bracteas foliis 
longiores, bracteolam ovatam ad 4 bifidam, flores monoicos, &c.; posterior 
foliola basi cordata, etc. 


9. Ev-LEJEUNEA RAMULOSA, Spruce. 


Hab. Banos, ad pedem montis Tunguragua, in cortice, cum Fabronia 
andina Mitt. consociata; etiam ad arbores in sylvaticis montium 
Chimborazo et Altar: alt. 1800-3300™, 

F 6x °'4; lob'1; ¢ sh; ff 4x °25, 35x -2; folia ramulina *25-125; br 
"65 x "35 br’ “Bix “5; per 10x -622. 

Pusilla pallide viridis pellucida. Caules }—}-pollicares fragiles repentes, 
plus minus ramosi, seepe ramulis elongatis microphyllis pinnati, vel 
etiam bipinnati, ramis assurgenti-ceespitosis. 

Folia contigua vel subimbricata dimidiato-ovata sensim acutata sub- 
acuminatave, plana, basi recte complicata; lobulus 6-plo brevior 
semiovatus subinflatus—foliorum rameorum pro ratione major magis- 
que inflatus; cellule pellucidissime subplane, mediocres, inferiores 
sensim majores. F. ramulina 3-5-plo minora ovato- lanceolata; sup- 
rema tota fere convoluta, ws L. minutissime sat similia. 

Foliola subimbricata, dimidium foliam excedentia, ovalia, ad 4 obtuse 
bifida, segmentis suberectis acutis vel subacuminatis, 

Flores monoici: 9 in ramo brevi terminales, innovatione simplice suffulti. 
Bractez foliis vix sublongiores erectz, ‘add bilobee, lobis acutis sub- 
integerrimis, antico lanceolato, lobulo subbreviore ligulato- lanceolato 
( cum altero lobulo connivente); bracteola appressa sbrotunda, ultra 
4 anguste bifida, segmentis acuminulatis. 

Perianthia alte emersa pellucida pyriformia vel pyriformi- -oblonga, obso- 
lete rostellata, parum compressa, altiuscule 5-carinata, carinis cellula 
hic illic exstante subpapulosis. 

Amenta g vel ramulo tenui cauligeno toto, vel ramuli microphylli apice 
solo constantia; bracteis sub 5-jugis. 


10. Ev-LesEUNEA CLADOBOLA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad pedem montis Tunguragua, juxta pagum Baios, alt. 1800", in 
saxis arborumque radicibus. 

F 55 x ‘35; lob 1-12, ¢ py; f'@ -4x°3, “4x 25mm, 

Pusilla albido-viridis, proc sen in pulvinulos alte stratificata. Caules 
subse smipollicares plus minus pinnati, ramis perssepe parvifoliis 
decidwis. 

Folia contigua vel subdissita, acute patentia (angulo axiali 40°-60°) oblique 
ovato-lanceolata obtusata—subinde elongata sublinguaeformia—sub- 
plana decurvulave, basin versus fere recte complicata et cum lobulo 
5-plo breviore in sacculum triangularem connata; lobulus acutus 


Eu-LEJEUNEA. OTe 


seepe apice incurvus; cellule mediocres equilatere pellucide, chloro- 
phyllo pareo, subleptodermes, fere planissimee, 

Foliola subcontigua foliis vix dimidio breviora ovali-rotunda ad medium 
usque bifida, seementis acutis cuspidatisve conniventibus, caulina 
radicellifera, ramulina sepius calva. 

Flores ? 

L. pulvinata Lehm.! (ex ipso in hb. Hook.) nostra subaffinis, folia 
habet confertiuscula concava oblongo-rotunda, cellulis parvis ; foliola late 
imbricata, breviora sed latiora, segmentis obtusis. 


11. Eu-LEJEUNEA HUMEFACTA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad arborum truncos fluvii Negro aquis inundatos. 

# A535, lob 125, c dy; f'* °125 x1; br 4; br'* 35x15; per 55x 
Am 

Pusilla pallide viridis prostrata effusa. Caules $-] poll. longi subparalleli 
pauciramei, ramis pro more brevibus seepe masculis vel foemineis. 

Folia parum imbricata late semiovata rotundata, basi antic& subsemi- 
cordata, postic&é recte complicata; lobulus semiovatus subinflatus 
folio 4-plo minor, apice incurvo conspicuove, raro obsoletus; cellule 
parvulz subconformes, pariete subincrassato, pellucide. 

Foliola distantia, foliis 4-plo fere minora, paulo ultra medium acute 
bifida, segmentis subobtusis. 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo perseepe brevissimo terminales, innovatione 
brevi subparvifolia suffulti. Bracteze foliis subbreviores erecto- 
patule breviter (vix ad 4) bifidze, lobis rotundatis obtusisve subeequi- 
longis, postico plus minus angustiore; bracteola ligulato-oblonga 
24-plo longior quam lata, ad 4 bifida, sinu segmentisque acutis, non- 
nunquam utrinque unidentata. 

Perianthia emersa late pyriformia, subretuso-truncata brevirostria com- 
pressa, antice carinulata, postice bicarinata, carinis sublevissimis. 

Andreecia lateralia cauligena, folio subequilonga; bracteew 2-3-juge 
majuscule turgidee. 

L. radicans L. et G. (Gottsche, Mex. Leverm. 223), affinis, differt foliis 
angustioribus (-28--42™™ longis, *22—-28™™ latis) solum obtusis, 
foliolisque paulo minoribus (= folii 4-4). 


12. Ev-LEJEUNEA FILIPES, Spruce. 

Hab. Prope Tarapoto Andium Peruvianorum, supra Porelle sp. repens. 

F 3x ‘25, 25 x °2, f. ramea 15 x ‘1, lob-1, ¢ a4; f 05; br -3; bre 2x1; 
per 55 x35, 45 x 3™™ 

Pallide viridis pusilla. Caules tenues flexuosi elongati 4$—1-pollicares, 
ex parte repentes dein assurgentes pendulive, distanter subpinnati, 
ramis pro more brevibus szepe prolifero-divisis. 

Folia subcontigua dissitave decurvula vel plana (superiora ramorum seepe 
sensim minora) oblique ovali-rotunda, margine subundulata integer- 
rima, apice rotundata obtusatave, subsinuato-complicata, lobulus 
decurrenti-subsaccatus ovatus, margine apiceque incurvus, folio 3-plo 
brevior, seepe ad pliculam redactus v. etiam obsoletus; cellule pellu- 
cidee parvul, apicales multo minores, inferiores sensim majores. 
Folia ramulina duplo minora pleraque elobulata. 


276 Evu-LEJEUNEA. 


Foliola distantia, caule haud latiora, foliis 5-6-plo breviora, rotundo- 
quadrata, ultra medium bifida, sinu lato, segmentis triangularibus 
vel late subulatis acutis. 

Flores monoici: ? terminales, innovatione simplice proliferave suffulti; 
bracteze foliis subeequilongse, appressee, oblique lanceolate ad % 
bifidee, lobulo lingulato-lanceolato, apicibus obtusis; bracteola lan- 
ceolato-ligulata ad 1 solum bifida, segmentis acutis. 

Perianthia altiuscule emersa pyriformia apice subretuso brevirostellata, 
subcompressa alte 5-carinata levissima. Capsula parva globosa, 
demum in pedicello elongato siccando filiformi articulato exserta. 

Amenta ¢ folio caulino subequilonga, raro in ramo terminalie; bractez 
mediocres 3-5 juge. 


L. Carolensis differt caule breviore, foliis tamen majoribus, foliolis 
duplo majoribus, bracteola fere ad medium bifida, et perianthio angustiore 
longirostri, carinis humilioribus. 


13. Eu-LesJevnEA CAROLENSIS, Spruce. 


Hab. San Carlos del Rio Negro et ad fl. Uaupés, in foliis vivis cum Hook- 
eria Patrisie, 


F °4.x ‘35, lob -125, ¢ 35; f'* 1x1; br -4; br’ -33.x°13; per “65 x -35™™. 


Pusilla pallida effusa tenuissima. Caules 4 poll. longi parce et subpin- 
natim ramos. 

Folia dissita vel subcontigua pellucida oblique late oblonga, vel sub- 
rotunda, vel subobovata rotundata, sinuato-complicata; lobulus 3-plo 
brevior subdecurrenti-saccatus turgide ovatus, apice incurvo in 
folium plerumque sensim abiens; cellulee mediocres pellucidissime 
hexagonz, marginales minores quadratee. 

Foliola 4-plo minora distantia, seepe squarrosa, cuneata, ultra medium 
bifida, segmentis subdivergentibus subulatis acutis basi 3 cell. latis. 

Floresmonoici: 9 terminales cuminnovatione. Bracteee foliis subeequi- 
long oblique oblongo-lanceolatee subacute vel obtusze, lobulo sat 
minore linguzeformi subobliquo; bracteola brevior valde pellucida 
ligulato-oblonga vix ad medium bifida, sinu segmentisque acutis. 

Perianthia folia dimidio superantia anguste pyriformia rotundato-trun- 
cata retusulave longirostria, sat compressa, antice depressa carinulata, 
postice bicarinata. 

Andrecia brevia turgida, seepius in ramis terminalia, raro lateralia; 
bracteze 2-jugee majuscule. 

Var. minor, foliis paulo angustioribus subfalcatis.—NS. Gabriel, in cortice. 


14. Ev-LesJrunea Corre®, Spruce. 
Hab. San Carlos del Rio Negro, in Coffee arabice foliis vivis. 
F 5x35; ¢ gs—dy; f'% 075, br °35; br’? 3x1; per 6x ‘3mm, 
Pusilla pallide viridis arcte repens; caules }-} pollicares laxe subpin- 
natim ramosi. 
Folia subcontigua a lata basi longitudinali oblique oblonga, nonnulla 
subfaleata, rotundata raro solum obtusa, obsolete lobulata; cellule 


mediocres oblongo-hexagonz leptodermes, medio pellucida, in 
ambitu latiuscule subopace. 


Evu-LEJEUNEA. pap ef 


Foliola minuta, foliis 6-7-plo breviora, bipartita, segmentis suberectis 
subulatis basi 2 cell. latis. 

Flores monoici: ? terminales, innovatione simplice suffulti. Bractee 
foliis breviores dimidiato-obovato-lanceolatz obtuse profunde bifidee, 
lobulo altero breviore rhomboideo-lanceolato, altero (innovationi 
adnato) longiore subulato acuto; bracteola anguste lanceolata fere 
ad medium bifida, segmentis acutis. 

Perianthia alte emersa, foliis caulinis paulo longiora, anguste obpyrami- 
dato-pyriformia, compressa obtuse 5-carinata, apice rotundato sub- 
retusove brevi-rostellata. 


15. Ev-LEJEUNEA PROREPENS, Spruce. 
Hab. Ad fluvii Huallaga cataractas, supra filices. 
F 45x °35, c Js; f'* °1-"15; br °5; per 6x 3™™. 


Minuta albido-viridis tenera tenuissima arcte repens. Caules }-4-polli- 
cis longi pinnatim ramosi. 

Folia contigua plana, e lata et sublongitudinali basi late ovato-oblonga 
rotundata, lobulo nullo; cellule subzquales parvule leptodermes. 

Foliola parva, foliis 4-plo breviora, caule vix latiora, cuneata profunde 
bifida, segmentis lanceolatis subulatisve, basi 3 vel 4 cell. latis, 
subdivergentibus. 

Flores monoici: 2 in ramo brevi—raro in ipsius caulis apice—termin- 
ales, innovatione simplice suffulti. Bracteze foliis sublongiores 
obovato-ligulate, altera elobulata, altera lobulo minuto lineari basi 
aucta; bracteola cuneata breviter bifida, segmentis acutis. 

Perianthia parum emersa obpyramidato-cuneata brevirostria compressula 
5-carinata, carina antica humiliore, carinis lateralibus apice lato 
rotundo-prominulis, fructu maturato turgescentia, demum (capsula 
egressa) collapsa, ore bilabiata. Capsula majuscula ovata. 

Andreecia ramos terminantia—rarius ramulo proprio constantia ; bractez 
sub 3-juge. 


16. Ev-LesEUNEA OBIDENSIS, Spruce. 

Hab, Ad fluminis Amazonum ripas prope Obidos, in cortice. 

P 65 X65, “5 x°4, c fs; f -2.% 25; br 5 x *2; per “65 x °35™™, 

Pusilla tenella viridis late effusa. Caules }-pollicares vage ramosi re- 
pentes, ramis assurgentibus, aliis parvifoliis. 

Folia subcontigua majuscula plana,e lata basi late ovata vel ovato- 
rotunda obtusa rotundatave, basi subdecurrente obsolete compli- 
cata; cellule mediocres pellucide fere equilateri-hexagone lepto- 
dermes, granis chlorophylli parvis vel in annulum angustum 
viridem congestis vel sparsis. 

Foliola distantia, foliis triplo breviora, subrotunda, ultra medium bifida, 
segmentis lanceolatis acutis, radicellas plurimas divergentes pro- 
ferentia. 

Flores monoici: @terminales innovatione simplice, raro prolifera— 
interdum cum duabus—suffulti. Bractez foliis subminores anguste 
obovato-lanceolatze obtuse elobulate ; bracteola minor cuneato- 


lanceolata-ligulatave vix ad medium usque anguste bifida, seg- 
mentis conniventibus acutis. 


278 Evu-LEJEUNEA. 


Perianthia folia sequantia pyriformia vel subclavata, apice truncato 
brevirostria (rostello demum quinquefido) subcompressa, supra 
medium—vel tota fere longitudine—5-carinata, carinis apice ro- 
tundato paulo prominulis. 

Andrecia ramulum cauligenum folio breviorem sistentia; bractes 3-juge 
parve. 


L. pyriformis L. et G. (Mex. Leverm. 225) persimilis videretur, foliis 
autem subyerticalibus, et foliolorum laciniis acuminatis diversa. “ Sto- 
lonifera” dicitur, in nostra tamen rami parvifolii vix pro stolonibus 
habendi. 


17. Eu-LEJEUNEA INUNDATA, Spruce. 


Hab. In arborwm ramis et rupibus graniticis, aquis fluviorum Negro et 
Uaupés inundatis, in cataractarum vicinia preecipue. 


F10x°6, 1:25x ‘7; lob °45 (ad plicam *35); ¢ 35; f °85x°1, °875 x1; 
br ¢ °4; br 2 5 x 35 (explanate); per 6 x *35™™. 


Caudex tennis, matrici arcte adrepens, subdivisus, demum denudatus, 
caules prostratos pendulosve parallelos $—-1-pollicem (in var. 3 pol- 
lices) longos, florescentiis utriusque sexus crebre pinnulatos, raro 
bipinnulatos, edens. Ramuli floriferi cuique folio basi adnati, ¢ cum 
Q sepissime alternantes, hi (9) cum suis perianthiis folium collate- 
rale vix eequantes, illi (¢) foliis equilongi vel sublongiores. 

Folia subimbricata vel dissita, erecto-patentia patentiave, plana ligulato- 
ovalia vel subovato-elliptica rotundata, duplo fere (im var. triplo) 
longiora quam lata, a basi ad 4-3 alt. complicata, dein biloba; lobu- 
lus 2-4-plo brevior, planus, cuneatus vel anguste triangularis, in 
apicem late subulatum acutum seepe longe porrectus, interdum _bre- 
vior et obtusus, margine supero unidentato muticove; cellule 
mediocres, paulo longiores quam late leptodermes. 

Foliola dissita, foliis triplo breviora, caule vix latiora, linearia vel anguste 
cuneata, ab apice ad 3 usque bifida; segmentis suberectis subulatis 
obtusiusculis, basi 4 cell. latis; radicellis suis albidis ad caules adja- 
centes arcte adherentia, seepe tamen arhiza. 

Flores monoici. Rami 9 brevissimi, innovando 1-3-flori, flore unico 
tamen (rarissime altero) fertili. Bractez foliis duplo breviores erecto- 
patentes cuneato-oblongee complicate, ab apice at } bilobe, lobis 
subequalibus ligulatis rotundatis; bracteola angusta, forma varia, 
sepius subligulata breviter bifida. 

Perianthia subemersa parvula brevi-pyriformia vel obovata, erostria, vix 
compressa, ab ipsa basi argute sed non alte 5-carinata, carinis 
papulosis apice subrotundo-prominulis. Capsula globosa exserta, 

Andrecia lateralia ovata, plus minus elongata; bractez seepius 3-5-(raro 
usque at 10-) jugze, late ovatee complicato-concaye, apice vel rotun- 
date integraeque, vel breviter bilobée, lobis rotundatis. Antheridia 
bina, altero svepe deficiente. 

Var. sazorwm. (In saxis fluvii Negro inundatis.) Folia dissita late 
patentia, a basi ad medium usque complicata; lobulus folio solum 
duplo brevior angustiorque cuneato-trapezoideus rectangularisve, 
margine interno angulum fere rectum cum plica efticiente, supero 
subrotundato medium versus obtuse unidentato. 

Var. fontinaloides. (Tan. X.) (Formainsignis, Conomitriwm Julianumsimu- 


Evu-LEJEUNEA. 279 


lans in arboribus ripariis inundatis vigens; fluvio crescente fluitans, 
quando autem fluvium resorbatur in se, e ramis altis, barbze instar, 
pendula). Caules 3-pollicares et longiores. Folia distantia dis- 
tiche patula, triplo longiora quam lata, ligulata, apice ex aquarum 
erosione seepe semidestructa, profunde bipartita; lobulus parvus ad 
dentem folio 5-6-plo breviorem séepe redactus, vel haud raro obso- 
letus. Foliola minuta, caulem Jatitudine vix equantia, plerumque 
obliterata. Flores 2 rari; bractege haud raro subacute. Andreecia 
compresso-globosa, folio collaterali triplo breviora, bracteis sub 5-jugis, 
antheridiis binis. (= Lejeunea fontinaloides nobis olim in litt.), 


Obs. Preeter has formas, alias plures intermedias—nullam autem pro 
specie propria habendam—decerpsi.—Species distinctissima videtur, 
L. spiniloba L. et G. et L. oxyloba eorund. (Syn. Hep. 770; Gottsche in 
Mex. Leverm. 213) affines, certe differunt: foliis brevi-ovatis; foliolis 
multo majoribus (=4 folii), ovalibus; perianthiis levissimis. 


18. Ev-LEJEUNEA SUFFRUTICOLA, Spruce. 


Hab. Guataxi, Andium Quitensium, alt. 2200™, in suffruticibus (Malvaceis, 
Solanis, etc.) 

F “75 x 65, °8x°7; lob -15--2; c d=; f@ 4x3, 5x °4; br 5-6; br’2 5 
xD seper 975 xcAnm, 

Mediocris, pallide viridis tenuis tenerrima, procumbens, substratificata. 
Caules 1-1}-pollicares laxe pinnatim ramosi, ramis monotrope inno- 
vandis y. dichotomis, aliis brevibus parvifoliis. 

Folia dissita v. vix imbricata flaccida subplana, basi lata longitudinali in- 
serta, angulo fere recto patula, late oblique ovato-oblonga rotundata, 
sinuato-. zpanda, basi antica dilatata subsemicordata, postica subrecte 
complicata; lobulus 4-5-plo brevior subplanus, subquadratus, mar- 
gine sinuato, apice in lingulam obtusam protractus ; cellule parvule 
subzequilaterze leptodermes pellucidze, annulo opaco pertenui cincte. 
F. ramea 2-3-plo minora parum diversa, lobulis autem superioribus 
subinflatis. 

Foliola vix duplo breviora, subappressa, ovali-rotunda, paulo ultra me- 
dium biloba, sinu obtuso, ‘segmentis falcato-conniventibus acutis 
obtusisve. 

Flores dioici (?): $ in ramis terminales, innovatione unilaterali prolifera, 
vel duabus oppositis, suffulti. Bracteze foliis caulinis sat breviores 
inzequimagne erectz, ad medium bifidz complicate, lobis sublanceo- 
latis obtusatis, lobulis paulo minoribus, altero obtuso, altero acuto; 
bracteola angusta obovato-lanceolata vix ad medium acute bifida, 
segmentis acutis. 

Perianthia caulinis subequilonga pellucida compressula obovata, ex 
apice rotundato-retusulo brevirostellata, 5-carinata, carinis lateralibus 

___ posticisque altis. 

(Ad ramulorum apices adveniunt folia pauca parva subzequiloba, vacua 
tamen nec antheridiifera). 

L. oxyloba L. et G. (Gottsch. Hep. Mex. 214) differt foliis imbricatis, 
lobulo duplo majore; foliolis pro ratione brevioribus ; bracteis multo 
longioribus. 

L. nemoralis, sylvatica et montana G. in Hep. Novo-Granat., species 
inter se forsan nimis affines, nostrati lobulo plano congruunt, diverse 
autem foliis imbricatis, lobulo apice haud in dentem lingulatum pro- 
ducto, et (ut videtur) bracteis majoribus. 


280 Evu-L&JEUNEA. 


19. Ev-LEJEUNEA SOLANICOLA, Spruce. 


Hab. Tarapoto, Andium Peruvie, ad cortices Solanz fruticosi. 

F 6x °4, °5 x ‘35; lob 15x°15 ¢ dy; f* °3x°15; br °5; bra -4 x *125 5 per 
“fox 4am, 

Pusilla pallida uberrime fructifera. Caules 5™™ longi, pinnatim ramosi, 
prostrati, ramis assurgentibus paucifoliis. 

Folia contigua vel subimbricata plana pellucida oblonga ovaliave apice 
rotundata, basi recte complicata; lobulus 4-plo brevior rhomboideus 
vel subrectangularis, plerumque planus, sinu subexcisus, apice in 
dentem subulatum porrectus; cellule parvule, inferiores folii axin 
versus submajores et elongate. 

Foliola foliis duplo breviora, ovalia, ultra 4 obtuse bifida, segmentis 
acutis basi 4 cell. latis. 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo séepe iteratim prolifero—innovationibus sin- 
culis oppositisve—terminales. Bracteee foliis subminores erect 
complicato-bipartita, lobis zquilongis, antico ligulato-oblongo-obo- 
vatove obtusato, postico late subulato acuto; bracteola lanceolato- 
ligulata vel anguste cuneata, vix ad } usque bifida. 

Perianthia semiemersa pulchre diaphana pyriformia turbinatave, apice 
depresso brevirostria, supra medium alte 5-carinata, carinis posticis 
lateralibusque compressis acutis. 

Andreecia lateralia ovato-globosa; bracteze sub 5-jugee. 


20. Ev-LreseunEA ARTOCARPI, Spruce. 


Hab. San Carlos del Rio Negro, in Artocarpi edulis cortice. 

F-45 x °B5, lob “15 x 125, ¢ yy; fi 25 x2, °15, 2x15; br 45; bre -4x 2, 
per 7 x 4mm, 

Pusilla pallida, arcte repens, intricata; caules t-pollicares crebre ineequa- 
liter ramosi subbipinnati. . 

Folia subimbricata, plana, axi paulo ascendente, late oblique ovata rotun- 
data obtusatave recte complicata; lobulus majusculus (folio 3-plo 
brevior) ovato-quadratus v. subrotundus subacutus fere planus perpaulo 
inflatus; cellulee subeequilaterze 7,™™ tenues pellucida. 

Foliola contigua subdissita, flores 9 versus sensim majora, dimidiwm 
folium wequantia vel etiam superantia, ovali-rotunda, ultra medium 
bifida, segmentis lanceolatis acutis erecto-patulis 6 cell. basi latis; in- 
feriora subduplo minora, magis profunde bifida, segmentis angustiori- 
bus. 

Fl. monoici: & terminales, innovatione suffulti. Bractese foliis eequilonge 
oblique ovales ad medium bifida, altera sabminor obtusata, lobulo 
subrhomboideo, altera (innovationi adnata) major subacuta, lobulo 
longiore subulata; bracteola lanceolato-oblonga, ad $ bifida, segmentis 
contiguis forficatisve acuminulatis. 

Perianthia alte emersa obconico- pyriformia retusa vel subobcordata brevi- 
rostellata compressula, antice depressa 1-carinulata, postice altiuscule 
bicarinata, subpellucida leevissima., 

Andreecia sat robusta seepe longispica; bractese 5-8-jugee majuscule con- 
ferte turgide. 


Eu-L. solanicola folia habet longiora angustiora ovalia; foliola laciniis 
Jato-subulatis basi solum 4 ¢. latis; perianthiamagis acute carinata, 


Eu-LEJEUNEA. 281 


21. Ev-L&JEUNEA SETILOBA, Spruce. 

Hab. Manaos, juxta fluvii Negro ostia, in cortice. 

F 55x °4, *4x°3; lob 1; ¢ gy; f% 15 x°1; br °5; br -45.x°2; per 65x 
5; 4x 3mm, 

Pusilla pallida tenella prostrata. Caules } pollicis longi, paralleli vel 
subintexti, paulo et subpinnatim ramosi. 

Folia subdissita contiguave oblique oblonga ovaliave obtusata vel 
rotundata, basi angustissime complicata, plicd processum (lobulum 
verum) subulatum 4 cellulas longum, cauli parallelum fereque con- 
tiguum, proferente; cellule parvule equilatere pellucide subcon- 
formes, solum marginales quadratze subminoresque. 

Foliola foliis 4-plo fere minora, caule vix latiora, oblonga, ad 3 anguste 
bifida, segmentis lanceolatis acutis. 

Flores monoici: @ crebri, in ramo sepe perbrevi terminales, innovatione 
(raro prolifera) suffulti. Bractez foliis subaequales, subpatule, ultra 
4 bilobe, lobo obovato-lanceolato obtusato, lobulo subaequilongo 
duplo angustiore acuto; bracteola lanceolato-oblonga ad $ bifida, 
segmentis subcontiguis acutis. 

Perianthia subemersa turgide-vel globoso-pyriformia turbinatave, vix 
compressa, brevissime rostellata, pellucida, alte 5-carinata, carinis 
complanatis sublevissimis. Capsula in pedicello longo geniculato- 
articulato exserta. 

Amenta ¢ cauligena folio collaterali equilonga; bracteze 2-3-jugse majus- 
cule turgidee cymbiformes. 


Pulcherrima et distinctissima species, habitu Cheilo-Lejeuneew aneogyne 
similis, caractere longe divergens. Hu-L. muscicola, magis aftinis, folia 
habet lobulo dentiformi brevissimo fere obsoleto, cellulis submajoribus; 
foliola preeminuta rotunda; bracteas bipartitas, lobulo ad dentem redacto; 
bracteolam brevissime bifidam; perianthia angustiora.—Hu-L. leta L. et 
L. folia habet seepius acutiuscula elobulata; foliola ultra 3 biloba. 


22, Evu-LEJEUNEA MUSCICOLA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad flumen Amazonum juxta Santarem, m cortice supra muscos 
repens. 

#6 xX°5, *6x°45; cay; f 1x°'1; br 4-55; br'*°3x°15; per “65x °35; 
ci Om, 

Pallide viridis, tenera, matrici laxo czespite arcte adherens. Caules 
$-pollicares flexuosi vage ramosi. 

Folia dissita vel subimbricata, plana vel apice decurvula, late oblique 
ovata, rotundata rarius obtusata, basi antica dilatata (vix semicor- 
data), postica decurrente obsolete vel saltem angustissime complicata, 
plica medio dentem brevem obtusum 1-2 cell. altum proferente; 
cellulze mediocres pellucidz subconformes, marginales parum minores 
obscure crenulato-prominule. 

Foliola distantia minuta, foliis 6-plo breviora rotunda, ad medium bifida, 
segmentis acutis. 

Fl. monoici: 2 in ramo perbrevi terminales, innovatione parvifolia (szepe 
¢) suffulti; bracteze longitudine varie, semper foliis breviores, 
appressee, bipartitze, lobo oblique lanceolato obtuso, lobulo parvo 
dentiformi acuto, bracteola longe brevior, ovali-lanceolata, apice 
brevissime bifida, segmentis subacutis. 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 2N 


282 Evu-LEJEUNEA. 


Perianthia emersa, foliis caulinis tamen vix sublongiora, pyriformi- 
oblonga, parum compressa, apice rotundato-truncato obsolete rostel- 
lata, 5-carinata, carinis subpapulosis, demum (capsula egressa) sub- 
campanulata, ore breviter 4—5-fida. 

Andreecia seepius ramulum proprium, breviorem longioremve, sistentia; 
bracteze mediocres turgid 3-8-juge. 

L. L. glaucesentt G. et Chamissonis Lindenb. affinis, ab utraque di- 
versa. 
Var. palinicola 8. (Lu-Lejeunea palmicola, Spruce Mst.) 


Hab. Pard, in palmarum truncis, supra muscos repens. 

F 65 x °55; ¢ pe; f'4 15-15, -2 x °2; br 65; br’ 5 x°3; per 65 x4, bx “3; 
br g 125mm, 

A L. muscicola typica differt caule crassiore, fragili tamen. Folia omnia 
subimbricata, fere dimidiata, lobulo minuto triangulari rhombeove 
seepius mutico, interdum obsoleto; cellulee subcontormes, marginem 
versus sensim paulo minores, subbasales paulo majores, omnes sub- 
planze leptodermes pellucidee. Foliola paulo majora, vix ad medium 
fissa, segmentis obtusis. Bracteze lobulo perangusto lineari-lanceolato 
acuto, lobo duplo breviore; bracteola obovata, ad 4 fissa. Perianthia 
obovata, supra medium 65-carinata, vix rostellata, carinis superne 
dilatatis, rotundato-prominulis vix papulosis. Bracteze andreecii 
rigidiusculi seepe incurvi f. caulinis 5-plo minores subconfertze sub- 
rotunde. 


23. Eu-LEJEUNEA SUBSESSILIS, Spruce, 

Hab. F\. Bombonasa, in folio vivo. 

F 8x °75; ¢ sy; f* 2x‘2, 15x15; br. lobus -45x°1; br 35x"; per 
6x3; br fT, 

Pallida flaccida tenerrima. Caules pollicares prostrati vage vel sub- 
pinnatim ramosi, ramis pro more brevibus spe floriferis, paucis 
longioribus ramulosis. 

Folia parum imbricata majuscula subplana, basi elongata inserta, oblique 
late ovata abrupte subacuta obtusave obscure celluloso-crenulata 
integerrimave, obsolete lobulata; cellulee mediocres leptodermes fere- 
vacue, subplance. 

Foliola 4-5-plo minora rotunda ad medium bifida, segmentis acutis 
obtusisve. 

Flores monoici: 9 ad caulem v. ramum primarium in ramulo brevissimo, 
foliolo unico radicante foliogque unico parvo (nullove) stipato, ter- 
minales, innovatione brevi simplice suffulti. Bractez foliis sub- 
duplo minores ligulato-lanceolate obtuse subelobulate; bracteola 
ligulata tenerrima brevissime bifida v. fere integra. 

Perianthia emersa, f. caulino breviora, brevi-clavata parum compressula, 
longirostria, 5-carinata, carinis apice insigniter truncatis levibus. 
Amenta cauligena folio subbreviora tenuia rigidiuscula; bractes 5-8-jugee 

confertee f, caulinis 8-plo breviores turgid. 
Habitu cum Taxi-Lejeuneis convenit, ramo 9 autem constanter unifloro 
foliolis parvis distat. 


24, Ev-Lusnunna TARAPOTENSIS, Spruce. 
HTIah. Andes Peruvianos, juxta Tarapoto, ad arbores vetustas; etiam in 
montibus vicinis supra filices. 


Evu-LEJEUNEA. 283 


Fe5x 5; ¢ gs f 2x3, 15°25, 15x15; br 35-5 longe; per 
WoOx oo, 9x nm: 

Mediocris, pallide virens, siccando fuscescens. Caules }-pollicares pro- 
strati implexi pellucidi tenaces arcte radicati, vage ramosi, in cies- 
pitis ambitu pinnati, ramis ¢ cum ? sepe alternantibus, assurgenti- 
bus, sterilibus arcuato-decurvis. 

Folia subimbricata, rarius dissita, patulo-decurva vel varie undulata torta- 
que, obliqua, interdum subfalcata, ovato-oblonga v. semiobovata, 
rotundata, basi decurrentia, lobulo obsoletissimo v. 0; cellule medi- 
ocres parum elongate, leptodermes, sat crassx, parce chlorophyllosx, 
fere planissime. 

Foliola minuta, foliis 4-5-plo breviora subrotunda, spe oblata, ad 4 bifida, 
segmentis acutis obtusisve. 

Flores monoici: ¢ in ramulo brevissimo terminales, innovatione simplice 
suffulti. Bracteze parvee forma variz, sepius oblong ligulatieve 
obtuse, altera elobulata, altera lobulo parvo cum bracteola cuneato- 

_ oblonga bifida basi connato. 

Perianthia alte emersa anguste obconico-pyriformia, subcompressa, apice 
retusulo vy. subobcordato brevirostellata, 5-carinata, carinis apice 
rotundato-prominulo papulosis, fructu emerso campanulata 4-fida. 

Andrcecia tenuia oligo-polyphylla subincurva, seepissime ramulum totum 
tenentia; bracte confertee ovoideo-cymbiformes parum inwquilobe, 
antheridium solitarium magnum foventes. 


25. Eu-LEJEUNEA CORDIFLORA, Spruce. 

Hab. Fl. Uaupés, in Gomphie sp. folio. 

F -5x°4, lob 125; ¢ psy; fi 25x25, 3x35; br 55; br 45x -25; 
per 65 x °4™™, 

Mediocris, prostrata, pallide viridis, siccando subolivacea. Caules $-poll. 
vage subpinnatim ramosi, in plagulam densam intexti. 

Folia late patentia subimbricata, fere plana, apice decurvula interdum 
recurvula, late oblique ovato-oblonga rotundata, basin versus recte 
complicata; lobulus 4-plo brevior inflatus subovoideus apice pro more 
occulto; cellule parve subconformes vix incrassate, ambitu sub- 
opace. 

Foliola foliis vix duplo minora orbiculata, vix ad $ obtuse bifida, rima 
angusta, segmentis obtusis acutisve. 

Flores monoici: @ in caule ramisque innovando-proliferis terminales. 
Bractez foliis subzequales, complicato-bilobze, lobis apice variis seepe 
rotundatis, anticis lanceolatis, posticis duplo minoribus ligulatis; 
bracteola ovalis ad 4 bifida, segmentis contiguis forficatisve subacu- 
minatis, superne angulata v. subdenticulata. 

Perianthia subemersa obcordato-pyramidata, sat compressa, antice de- 
pressa, postice humiliter bicarinata, margine supero repandulo (raro 
rudimentarie alato), apice emarginato tenui-rostellata. 

Amenta ¢ cauligena folium superantia; bractee sub 5-juge majuscule 
laxiusculz. 


A L. flava perianthiis conspicue compressis, obcordatis, et foliis recte 
lobulatis certe distat, habitu tamen simillima. 


26. Eu-LEJEUNEA CAUAPUNENSIS, Spruce. 
Ad rivulum Cauapuna, fl. Negro tributarium, in arboris folic, cum aliis 
Lejeunets. 


284 Eu-LEJEUNEA. 


F 5x°4, 5x35, lob 1-15, ¢ sys f™ 15x °125, 125 x °125; br °5; br4 
"45 x15; per ‘8x 35, 7 x Agim, 

Tenella flavida, pellucida arcte repens; caules pollicares valde et vage 
ramosi. 

Folia contigua vel subimbricata faleato-oblonga v. ovato-oblonga rotun- 
data, basi subsinuato-complicata; lobulus ovatus subsaceatus, apice 
seepius inflexo occultoque, raro ad plicam parvam redactus; cellule 
mediocres pellucidze, marginales distincte minores quadratze. 

Foliola distantia subrotunda folio 4-plo breviora ad medium acute bifida, 
segmentis plerumque patulis acutis, medio margine exteriore angu- 
lata (ideo subrhombea), 

Fl. monoici: @ terminales, innovatione suffulti. Bractez foliis sub- 
equales oblique oblong rotundatee ad ? bifidee, lobulo triangulari 
subulatove acuto; bracteola cuneato-lanceolata, 3-plo longior quam 
lata, ad medium bifida, segmentis erectis subulatis acutis, utrinque 
medio unidentata, tenuissima. 

Perianthia pro plantula magna pellucida obecordato-cuneata valde com- 
pressa, tenui-rostellata, antice depressa postice bicarinata leevia, 

Amenta ¢ terminalia ovata; bracteze 3-jugie. 


Species pulchella !—L. drymophila, proxima, foliola habet bipartita et 
andreecia lateralia. L. Cawapunensis ab omnibus affinibus parvistipulis 
differt colore flavescente, perianthiis profunde obcordatis, simul ac foliolis 
rotundis ad dimidium solum bifidis. 


27. Eu-LEJEUNEA SICCATA, Spruce. 
Hab. Pard, in truncis putridis. 


Be GXGAD, 710X005) LOD) AoC ay} f IB x1, ‘1x1; br °4%°125; Bria 
*3 x15; per 65x ‘45mm, 


Tenella albida pellucida, post siccationem difficillime emollitura. Caules 
‘-pollicares arcte repentes vage ramosi, ramis paucifoliis raro elon- 
satis, aliis a matrice subliberis arcuatis. 

Folia ad tv. fere ad $ lat. imbricata late patentia, apice decurva, dimi- 
diata, semiovata, rotundata, rarius obtusa, basi antica dilatata sub- 
semicordata caulem late transeuntia, subpapulosa, margine celluloso- 
crenulata, subrecte complicata; lobulus sub 5-plo brevior fere trans- 
versus ovoideus; cellulee mediocres subconformes, ad angulos incras- 
satee, chlorophyllo parco sparso. 

Foliola foliis 4-6-plo breviora subrotunda ad 4 bifida, segmentis obtusis 
acutisve, 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo brevi terminales, innovatione (simplice v. 
prolifera) suffulti. Bractese perparve, foliis fere duplo minores, pro- 
funde bilobe, lobo lineari-oblongo acuto obtusove, lobulo multo 
minore subulato; bracteola ovalis breviter acute bifida; omnes 
bracteze crenulatie. 

Perianthia ex involucro alte emersa, foliis caulinis autem vix longiora, 
obovata compressa, antice depressa solum apicem versus carinulata, 
postice turgidiuscula bicarinata, margine supra medium. dilatata 
compressaque unde rotundato-truncata —raro subobcordate 
dunt, carinis omnibus cellulis pellucidis papulosis, rostello brevissimo, 
fructu egresso 3-labiata, labiis brevissime apiculatis, 

Amenta 2 caulige na, foliis breviora; bracteze sub 3-jugee laxe eequitantes. 


Evu-LEJEUNEA. 285 


L. Cauapunensis S. distincta erit foliis minoribus falcatis ; foliolis 
bracteolisque medio margine utrinque angulato-unidentatis ; perianthiis 
majoribus obcordatis insigniter pellucidis. 


28. Ev-LEJEUNEA DRYMOPHILA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad fl. Amazonum et preecipue ad fluvios Negro et Uawpés; necnon in 
Andium radicibus, ad alt. 500m. usque, locis Tarapoto et fl. Bom- 
bonasa ripis, in arborum cortice, raro in Melastomacearum Palma- 
rumque foliis vivis. 

Wax 3, 4°25; lob “1 v 0; ¢ oy 
35 X°13; per “6x °4m™. 

Pusilla pallide viridis, denso strato repens, tenuissima. Caules {—}-polli- 
cares vage v. pinnatim divisi, ramis subdivergentibus paucifoliis 
apice angustatis. 

Folia subcontigua, angulo axiali 70° patula, a basi lata late oblique (vel 
subsemi) ovato-oblonga, rotundata obtusave rarius subacuta; lobulus 
rectus folio 4-plo brevior ovato-rhombeus inflatus, seepe obsoletus; 
cellule mediocres pellucidee, chlorophyllo parco sparso, pleramque 
leptodermes, in pl. foliicolis autem ad angulos seepeque ad media 
latera incrassatee, subplane. 

Foliola foliis sub 3-plo breviora, squarrosula, ovalia v. subcuneata, ultra 
3 bifida, segmentis subulatis basi 3—4c. latis. 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo brevissimo terminales, innovatione simplice 
suffulti. Bracteze suberectee, foliis subeequilongze, oblique ovali-lan- 
ceolatee acute obtuszeve, ad 4 bilobe, complicate, lobulo longe 
minore lingulato v. subulato; bracteola longe lanceolata, fere 3-plo 
longior quam lata, ad 4} acute bifida, segmentis lanceolato-subulatis 
acutatis. 

Perianthia emersa, f. caulinis } longiora, obcordato-cuneata-pyriformiave, 
compressa rostellata, antice depressa, postice obtuse bicarinata (demum 
late unicarinata) margine subtuberculosa leviave, interdum apicem 
versus ala angusta 1—2c. lata, aucta. 

Andreecia folio caulino breviora (in var. longiora); bracteze 2—-3-juge 
parvee cymbiformes. 

Var. macrostachya (=L. macrostachya Spruce Mst.): ad fluvios Uaupeés 
et Bombonasa.—Magis ramosa subbipinnata; andreciis elongatis, bracteis 
5-18-jugis; foliorum cellulis subminoribus, 74—)™™. 


fe Ib e085 bre 45: brit 


29. Eu-LEJEUNEA ORBICULARIS, Spruce. 

Hab. Fl. Negro, ad Saé Gabriel da cachoeira, in cortice. 

Waa 2b: ¢ a; [2 “1 x 085 br 385 per 6 x -35™™, 

Pusilla albescens prostrata, plagas orbiculares sistens, floribunda. Caules 
4-}-pollicares, vage ramosi implexi, ramis paucifoliis. 

Folia subcontigua oblique ovato-oblonga rotundata obtusatave, basi postica 
minutissime inflexa, lobulo seepius 0; cellule: parvulee subconformes 
equilateree diaphane. Raro advenit folium unum alterumve lobulo 
rhombeo subinflato auctum. 

Foliola remota, foliis 4-plo fere minora, ovata, ultra 4 acute bifida, seg- 
mentis acutis subulatis basi 3 cellulas latis. 

Flores monoici: 9 terminales, cum innovatione. Bracteze foliis squi- 
long erectee, lobo obovato acuto obtusove, lobulo multo angustiore 
lanceolato acuto; bracteola ovalis breviter bifida, 


286 Evu-LEJEUNEA. 


Perianthia alte emersa pyriformia compressula, antice plana vel obscure 
carinulata, postice bicarinata, carinis obtusis (haud raro in unam 
latam confluentibus), apice rotundata retusave—vix obcordata— 
brevirostria, demum 2-3-valvia. 

Andrcecia terminalia et lateralia, follum caulinum subexcedentia, julacea, 
bracteis majusculis 5-jugis. 

Foliis minoribus paulo longioribus; perianthiis pro ratione majoribus, 
longioribus et minus compressis, apice haud obcordatis, a L. drymophila 
distincta.—L. trinitensis Lindenb. folia habet rotundo-ovata obtusa, brac- 
teas longiores et perianthia latiora subimmersa. 


30. Ev-LEJEUNEA LIMBATA, Spruce, 

Hab. S. Gabriel fl. Negro, in foliis vivis. 

F 5x-°4; lob*1; ¢ ds (marginales 3,); f* -18x°1; br 35; br’4 3x °125; 
per 65 X*5™™, 

Pusilla arete repens, viridis, siccando pallida. Caules pollicares sparsi, 
pinnati vel vage ramosi, ramis pro more paucifoliis, 

Folia subcontigua oblique oblonga rotundata—vel rhomboidea, angulis 
rotundatis— raro solam obtusata, margine repanda, basi decurrente 
lobulata (vel seepe non); lobulus 5-plo brevior oblique ovatus in- 
flatus; cellule pellucidissime, mediz fere majuscule, marginales 
plus duplo minores (unde folia marginata evadunt). 

Foliola dissita, foliis triplo minora, cauli appressa, anguste ovalia vel 
subcuneata, ultra 4 bifida, laciniis suberectis lineari-subulatis obtusis, 
basi 2-3 cellulas latis. 

Flores monoici: 9 in ramo brevi terminales, innovatione simplice suf- 
fulti. Bracteze foliis minores, ad basin fere usque bipartite, lobo 
oblique obovato ovalive obtusato, lobulo parvo lineari diagonali; 
bracteola angusta cuneato-ligulata, ad 4 acute bifida, segmentis 
acutis. 

Perianthia alte emersa, foliis caulinis longiora, diaphana (unde, e calyptra 
colorata, flavida videntur) turbinata vel late triangulari-pyriformia 
rotundato-retusa, brevirostria sat compressa, antice carinulata, postice 
bicarinata—rarissime margine subalata. 

Andrcecia in ramis terminalia; bractece 3-5-jugee turgidee. 


Teneritate, colore viridi; foliis rhomboideo-oblongis, cellulis margin- 
alibus minutulis quadratis (pro more discoloribus); foliolis foliis vix 
triplo minoribus; perianthiis diaphanis triangularibus rotundato-retusis, 
rostello brevi tenul, ab affinibus distincta. 


Supcenus XXXIV.—MICRO-LEJEUNEA, &. 


Eu-Lejewneis microstipis, habitu sat similis, differt statura imo humi- 
liore et caracteribus sequentibus.—Folia minuta ("15—-4™™ longa), Semper 
fere dissita, integerrima vel parum celluloso-crenulata, textura firmiore et 
densiore, cellulis 4-45", e chlorophyllo copioso seepius subopacis, lobulo 
semper fere majore magisque turgido, in paucis speciebus lobum fere 
wequante. Foliola segmentis constanter subulatis. I lorescentia omnium 
fere dioica; in Microstipis e contra omnes fere species monoice sunt. 


Micro-LeJeEuneEA. 287 


Hab. In cortice et in foliis vivis, rarius in saxis, seepe aliis hepaticis et 
muscis irrepentes; loca sylvatica tam planitiei quam montium dili- 
gentes. 

Distr. Species sub 16 hucusque cognitee omnes fere neotropice, una 
autem in insula Java (L. cucullata N.), altera (L. punctiformis Tayl.) in 
India, 2 in Europa occidentali et America boreali temperata (sc. L. ulicina 
Tayl. et L. diversiloba Spruce) crescunt. In Amazonia, et in Andibus, 
occidentalibus praecipue, 6 species legi, quarum una sola (L. lucens Tay].) 
antea descripta fuerit. 


A. Folia lobulo mediocri parvove aucta. 
a. Flores dioict. 


1. Micro-L. lucens. Albicans parce ramosa, interdum ramulis parvifoliis 
pinnulata. F. angulo 60° patentia ovato-oblonga subsemicordata 
apice rotundata, recte complicata, lobulo 2-3-plo breviore, nune 
obsoleto, c. 357. Foliola 2-plo breviora ovali-rotunda ultra 3 
bifida, segmentis late subulatis acutis. Br. parum ineequilobze obtuse 
acuteve; bracteola ovali-lanceolata bifida. Per. subemersa late pyri- 
formia turyidiuscula. 

[Micro-L. cucullata N. Pallide viridis parce et subfastigiatim ramosa. F, 
subimbricata, inferiora erectiora brevioraque, superiora angulo 70° 
patentia, ovato-rotunda, lobulo duplo breviore turgido interdum apicu- 
lato, « gsm". Foliola 2-plo breviora ovali-rotunda ad 4 bifida, 
segmentis subobtusis. Br. foliis multo longiores, lobo subrotundato, 
lobulo sat breviore angusto; bracteola ovalis vix ad } bifida. (Per 
emersa obovata compressa apicem versus 5-carinata). Java.] 

[Micro-L diversiloba S. Fulvo-viridis pauciramosa, caule ramisque fili- 
formibus subparallelis. F. subcontigua angulo 30° erecto-patentia, 
obovato-oblonga rotundata raro subacuta, lobulo 2-plo breviore sub- 
inflato acuto, interdum minuto obsoletove, c. g;™™. Foliola 4-plo 
minora subrotunda ultra $ bifida, segmentis acutis. Br. foliis sub- 
longiores, lobo subacuto, lobulo subzequilongo angustiore; bracteola 
obovato-lanceolata ultra $ bifida. Hibernia. ] 

2. Micro-L. subrufula. Rufescens subpinnata. _ F. dissita erecto-patentia 
ovato-lanceolata subacuta, lobulo vix 3-plo breviore inflato apiculato, 
ce. 35m. Foliola plus 3-plo minora ovata ultra 4 bifida, segmentis 
subulatis. 

3. Micro-L. perpusilla. Minuta pallida subramosa. F, dissita erecto- 
patentia ovato-triangularia subacuta, lobulo } folium superante sac- 
cato acuto, ¢, minutis. Foliola 4-plo minora profunde bifida, seg- 
mentis lato-subulatis. Br. foliis fere duplo longiores, lobo falcato- 
rhomboideo, lobulo duplo angustiore; bracteola late ligulata bifida. 

Micro-L. bullata, a priore differt foliis duplo minoribus ovatis obtusatis, 
lobulo lobum fere zquante, cellulis preeminutis; bracteis erectis, 
Perianthia alte emersa pyriformia alte 5-carinata. (Videas etiam ad 
pedem sectionis sequentis.) 

5. Micro-L. aphanes. Pallide fulva tenui-ramosa. F. subdissita late 
patentia ovata rotundata, lobulo 3-plo breviore turgido, ¢. parvis 
(5™™). _ Foliola minuta, foliis 7-plo breviora oblonga ultra 4 bifida. 
Br, foliis minores, lobis subequilongis, inferiore anguste lineari; 
bracteola anguste oblonga apice apiculato-bidentata. Per. subemersa 
obovata compressula altiuscule 5-carinata. 


aS 


288 Micro-LEJEUNEA. 


-b. Flores monoict. 


6. Micro-L. aphanella. Minuta rufa subcespitosa. F. distantia late 
patentia ovato-lanceolata subacuta subintegerrima, lobulo duplo 
breviore subinflato interdum obsoleto, cellulis minutulis planis, 
paucis ad carinam marginemque convexis. Foliola minuta 4 e. 
longa bipartita, cruribus subulatis. Br. foliis 2-plo longiores, acute; 
bracteola lanceolato-oblonga vix ad 3 bifida. Per. magna obovata 
turgida, carinis superne papulosis. 

7. Micro-L. pusilla, Albicans subpinnata. FF. subcontigua patentia 
ovato-ovalia rotundata valde sinuato-complicata, lobulo plus duplo 
breviore turgido, ¢. parvis. Foliola 4-plo minora cuneato-rotunda, 
vix ad 4 bifida, segmentis obtusis. Br. foliis zquales acute obtu- 
seve; bragtecls cuneato-lanceolata ad 4 bifida. Per. alte emersa 
pyriformia.subcompressa preealte 5- carinata lzvia. 


B. Folia fere tota convoluta, conchoidea. Dioice, 


[Micro-L. ulicina T. Viridis vage ramosa. F. subdissit arotundo-ovata 
concava sepius subacuta subpapulosa a basi ad #? alt., vel fere ad 
apicem usque, complicata, lobulo subangustiore acuto, cellulis minu- 
tulis convexis. Foliola 3-plo breviora ovalia ultra 5 } bifida, segmentis 
lineari-subulatis. Br. maxime foliis 2-3-plo majores, patulie, com- 
plicato-bilobee, ad carinam anguste alate, lobis acutis, inferiore sub- 
minore, erosulis vy. subdenticulatis; bracteola oblonga ad 4 bifida, 
segmentis acutis. Huropa.] 

4, Micro-L. bullata. Tenuissima subramosa.  F. distantia suberecta tota 
fere convoluta ovoideo-conchoidea, lobo obtusato, lobulo parum 
breviore subacuto, ¢. preeminutis convexis. Foliola minuta caule 
abscondita profunde bifida, segmentis lnearibus subulatisve erectis. 

3r. magnee exalatee integerrime. Per. alte emersa pyriformia alte 
5-carinata. 


1. Micro-LEJEUNEA LUCENS, Tayl.! 
In Lond. Journ. Bot. (1846), p. 399. Syn. Hep. 764. 


Hab. Ad fluyium Guamd prope Pard, in palmarum truncis. Tarapoto, 
Andium Peruviz, ad arborum pedem. ‘“ Pard, in cortice” (T. L. R.! 
in hb. Hook.) 


F 4x32, 3x-2; lob “1-15; ¢ A—); ff °15x'1; br 5; br “bx 255 


b5 
per 5x “gmm 


Pusilla pulchre albicans late effusa, in sicco immutata haud facile emol- 
litura. Caules 4™™ longi parce et vage ramosi, interdum ramulis 
parvifoliis assurgentibus deciduis pinnulati. 

Folia subdissita subplana, angulo 60° a caule patentia, oblique ovato- 
subtriangularia—ramea ovato-oblonga—rotundata obtusatave, basi 
subsemicordata, subrecte complicata; lobulus 2-8-plo brevior sub- 
saccatus, subquadratus sed e convolutione ovatus, apice brevi vel in 
dentem longiusculum protracto, haud raro obsoletus; cellule parvee 
hexagonze subconformes lwevissime pellucidie, ambitu anguste opacee. 

Foliola subdissita, foliis plus duplo breviora, ovali-rotunda tenerrima 
vitrea, interdum utrinque unidentata, apice paulo ultra medium 
subobtuse bifida, segmentis late subulatis acutis, basi 3-4 cell. latis. 

Flores dioici: 2 in caule ramove innovando-prolifero terminales. Bracteze 
foliis sublongiores erect complicate, ad 4 fere biloba, lobis parum 


Micro-LEJEUNEA. 289 


inequalibus lanceolatis obtusis acutisve; bracteola vequilonga ovali- 
lanceolata bifida, segmentis acutis. 

Perianthia vix emersa late pyriformia brevirostria, parum compressa, 
5-carinata, carinis lzvissimis. 

Andreecia basin rami longioris tenentia julacea; bracteze 5-6-jugz foliis 
equimagnie turgid, lobulo dimidium lobum zequante. 


Planta Tarapotensis subminor est, foliis interdum subacutis, persepe 
elobulatis. 


2. Micro-LEJEUNEA SUBRUFULA, Spruce. 


Hab. Chimborazo, in arboris folio vivo, sterilis. 
F -4x +25; lob 15; ¢ ay; f*125 x 1™™. 


Pusilla repens rufescens. Caules semipollicares laxe subpinnati. 

Folia dissita erecto-patentia ovato-lanceolata subacuta subrecte compli- 
cata; lobulus vix triplo ovoideus inflatus apiculato-acutus; cellule 
parvee fere planissime ambitu subopacee, pariete vix incrassato. 

a ae foliis plus triplo minora ovata, ultra 4 bifida, segmentis subu- 
atis. 


Ab hae distat Micro-Z. perpusilla minutie, foliis duplo minoribus ovato- 
triangularibus, lobulo magno; foliolis plus duplo minoribus ; cellulis 
minutis. 


3. Micro-LEJEUNEA PERPUSILLA, Spruce. 


Hab. In monte Azuay Andium Quitensium, supra L. pallescentem Mitt. 
repens. 


F 2125; lob. 1256-15; ¢ 7, ; f'* :05; br (lob) :35.x -1™™, 


Minuta pallida. Caules 3™™ longi, parum ramosi. 

Folia dissita erecto-patentia ovato-triangularia-rhomboideave acuta ob- 
tusave, recte complicata; lobulus dimidium folium superans, sac- 
eatus, apice brevi acuto occulto; cellule minute subelongate planze 
pellucidze leptodermes. 

Foliola minuta, foliis 4-plo minora, profunde bifida, segmentis late subu- 
latis 3 cellulas (elongatas) longis, basi 3 c. latis. 

Flores dioici: 2 terminales, cum innovatione simplice. Bractez foliis 
duplo fere longiores complicatze breviter bilobee, lobo falcato-rhom- 
boideo, lobulo duplo angustiore lineari vel subcuneato; bracteola 
late ligulata bifida. 

Differt a Micro-L. pusilla floribus dioicis; foliis duplo fere minoribus 
subacutis (nec rotundatis), lobulo pro ratione majore, cellulis minutis ; 
foliolis angustioribus. 


4, Micro-LEJEUNEA BULLATA, Tayl.! 
Lond. Journ, Bot. 1846, p. 398. Syn. Hep. 767. 

Hab. In Andibus Quitensibus sylvaticis, locis Rio Verde ad pedem montis 
Tunquraqua; Chimborazo; Azuay; in ramis supra alias Lejeuneas, 
Frullanias, etc. repens: rara et rarissime fertilis, Insula 8. Vin- 
centii (GUILDING ! in hb. Hook.). 

F 1x07, ¢ 4453 f% 03-05; br °25; per 4x -Qmm, 

Pallida tenerrima prostrata sparsa. Caules }-pollicares filiformes parum 
ramosi, ramique flexuosi. 

TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 20 


290 Micro-LEJEUNEA. 


Folia distantia suberecta oblique ovata obtusata, cum lobulo conche- 
formi-concava, subpapulosa; lobulus folii # equans superansve, lobo 
eequilatus, bullatus, margine incurvus, apice brevi-acutus; cellule 
preminutz leptodermes pellucidze subprominule. 

Foliola foliis 2-3-plo breviora obovata, ad vel ultra } bifida, segmentis 
lato-subulatis acutis. 

Flores dioici: 2 terminales, innovatione suffulti. Bracteze foliis plus 
duplo longiores suberectse complicatze breviter bifida, lobis obovatis 
subineequalibus; bracteola basi utrinque connata oblonga bifida 
(manca solum visa). 

Perianthia foliis 4-plo longiora pyriformia rostellata alte 5-carinata leevia. 

Andreecia medio caule ramove posita; bractez sub 3-jugze, foliis majores, 
zequilobee. 

Obs, Specimina originalia Taylori in herb. Hook. haud differunt nisi 
foliolis paulo profundius fissis: ex ins. 8S. Vincentii proveniunt. L. 
punctiformis TayL, 1. c., ex India orientali, probabiliter conspecifica erit. 
L. perpusilla nostra folia habet duplo longiora perseepe acuta, foliola 
autem vix majora quam in L. bullata. 


5. Micro-LeJEUNEA APHANES, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad fl. Casiquiart, in truncis inundatis supra muscos repens. 
F 35 x ‘2; lob 125; ¢ ay; f* ‘05 x 04; br (lobus) °25; brie -2x +1; per 4x 


“3mm, 

Pusilla pallide fulva; caules 4} pollicares subramosi, ramique tenues 
elongati laxifolii. 

Folia dissita v. subcontigua, axi angulo 60°-80° patente, oblique ovata 
(in situ obovata videntur) rotundata, subrecte complicata, lobulus 3- 
plo brevior ovato-rotundus turgidus, apice acuto sepius occulto; 
cellule parvee leptodermes subpellucidee subplane. 

Foliola minuta, foliis 7-plo minora, caule occulta, oblonga vel obovata, 
ultra medium bifida, segmentis late subulatis acutis. 

Flores dioici: 9 in ramo breviusculo terminales, innovatione simplice 
suffulti; bractee foliis minores complicate, lobis oblique obovatis 
rotundatis (v. altero subacuto), lobulis subbrevioribus linearibus ; 
bracteola anguste oblonga apice apiculato-bidentata. 

Perianthia subemersa obovata subrostellata compressula altiuscule 5- 
carinata, carinis levibus. 

L. radicans i. et G., subsimilis, folia habet solum obtusa, lobulo in- 
terdum deficiente, bracteas ad apicem fere usque integras, et bracteolam 
foliolis conformem. 


6. Micro-L&sEUNEA APHANELLA, Spruce. 


Hab. Tn arborum cortice secus flumen Negro, haud infrequens, locis 
Mandos, Marabitanas, aliisque, ob minutiem facile preetervisa, 

F' 15 x 08; lob -08; c?d,; fit 07; br *3; br’* °25 x ‘08; per “4 x °25—"3™™, 

Minuta rufa dense ceespitoso-procumbens. Caules 3™™ longi fragiles 
flexuosi pauciramel. 

Folia distantia late patentia ovato-lanceolata subacuta, rarius obtusata, 
integerrima rariusve cellula una alterave extante subcrenulata, 
recte complicata; lobulus dimidium folium squans superansve, 


Micro-LEJEUNEA. 291 


ovatus subinflatus acutus, seepe nullus; cellule: minutule suboblongee 
subplane (ad plicam tamen convexul), medio pellucide, ambitu 
annulo chlorophylli lato colorato opace. F. ramulina interdum 
diminuta subzequiloba. 

Foliola minuta bipartita, cruribus 4 cellulas longis, basi 2 cell., apice 1 
cell. latis. 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo perbrevi terminales, innovatione simplice 
suffulti. Bracteze foliis duplo longiores appresse, ad medium com- 
plicato-bilobe, lobis lanceolatis acutis, inferiore subbreviore duplo 
ancustiore; bracteola lanceolato-oblonga vix ad 4 bifida, segmentis 
erectis subobtusis acutisve. 

Perianthia foliis triplo fere longiora, obovata vel turgide pyriformia 
brevirostria 5-carinata, carinis superne cellulis pellucidis exstanti- 
bus plus minus papulosis. 

Andreecia in ramis terminalia; bracteze paucee, 2 vel 3, majusculz rotundo- 
cymbiformes, apice bilobe. 

L. lepida L. et G. Syn. Hep. 766; Gottsch. in Hep. Mex. 224, nostra 
foliorum forma lobuloque vario sat similis, foliola habet majora ad } 
solum bifida; bracteas subzequilobas; bracteolam magnam ovato-rotun- 
dam, et perianthium levissimum.—L. cancellata Mont., foliis ovalibus 
obtusis grosse reticulatis, perianthiis cylindricis apice solo pentagonis, 
longius distat. 


7. Micro-LEJEUNEA PUSILLA, Spruce. 

Hab. Chimborazo, in arboris folio vivo, cum aliis hepaticis. 

EF °35 x °3 (lobulo incluso) vel x *2 (lobulo excluso); lob 15; ¢ 3; f'* ‘075 x 
eaieeo, Ore “3 xl; per “6x 3™™. 

Pusilla albicans pellucida. Caules 1° longi prostrati vage subpinnatim 
ramosi, ramulis subinde parvifoliis. 

Folia subcontigua, angulo 50°-60° patula, oblique ovato-ovalia rotundata 
obtusatave caviuscula, infra medium valde sinuato-complicata; 
lobulus plus duplo brevior ovatus turgidus, apice brevi acuto; 
cellule parvee pellucide. 

Foliola minuta, foliis 5-plo fere minora, caule vix latiora, cuneato-ro- 
tunda, apice vix ad 4 bifida, segmentis obtusis patulis basi 4 cellu- 
las latis. 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo brevi terminales, innovatione tenui suffulti. 
Bractez appressee foliis subsequilonge, profunde bilobze, lobis sub- 
inzequalibus lanceolatis obtusis acutisve; bracteola cuneato-lanceo- 
lata ad + bifida. 

Perianthia alte emersa pellucida pyriformia rostellata subcompressa 
preealte 5-carinata, apice demum in valvulas 5 apiculatas dehis- 
centia. 

Amenta ¢ cauligena, folio collaterali sublongiora; bracteze sub 3-juge. 


Lejeunee cucullate N., L. lucenti Tayl., et L. perpusille Spruce affinis, 
ab illis omnibus florescentia monoica distat--Ad Harpa-Lej-uneas e 
foliolis subeuneatis, segmentis breviusculis obtusis, accedit. 


Suspeenus XXX V.—COLO-LEJEUNEA, S. 


Subgenus, defectu foliolorum bracteolarumque absolute, a céteris 


292 CoLo-LEJEUNEA. 


omnibus Lejeuneis diversum, quoad foliorum formam sat variabile, in 
duas sectiones naturales (fere subgenericas) perianthii forma bene divi- 
dendum: sc. 


I, PHYSOCOLEA, perianthits turgidis argute 5-carinatis, rarissime fere 
ecarmnatis, 
II. Leprocouga, perianthiis valde compressis, sepe obcordatis, postice 
convexis carinisque 2 (demum subobsoletis) percursis. 


Physocolee caracteres pleniores sunt qui sequuntur. 

Plante pusill, alize preeminutz, prostpatee, plagulas tenues—vix unquam 
stratificatas—sistentes, raro ramis assurgentibus ceespitulosee. Caules 
fragiles subfasciculatim, raro pinnatim, ramosi, ramique geniculato- 
flexuosi, folium ad quemque flexuram proferentes. 

Folia sepius dissita, basi perbrevi fere transversa inserta, subrotunda 
ovaliave, ¥. margine postico fere toto incurva turgidaque, v. solum 
concava, cochleariformia, lobulo dimidium folium fere sistente v. 
ad dentem redacto; raro angustiora acuminataque, levia papulo- 


save, rarissime muriculata; cellule parvee (medi ~,—g,mm. dia- 


metro), fere semper leptodermes planz v. obtuse (raro acute) pro- 
minulee. 

Foliola nulla. Radicelle seepe cuique folio tribute, pauce, fasciatee 
penicillateeve. 


Flores monoici, rarissime dioici. Rami 9 innovati; bractez foliis vix 
diverse, inter se et a perianthio swepius dissite, raro complicatze, 
parvi-lobulatz vel non ; bracteola 0. 

Perianthia turbinata, raro longe pyriformia, turgida, alte 5-carinata (in 
unica sp. fere ecarinata) carinis seepius papulosis, raro muricatis, post 
capsulam emissam elongata et quasi-stipitata. 

Andreecia varie posita; bracteze seepe magne, pauci-multijuge, monandre. 

Leptocolea a Physocolea differt perianthii forma, necnon colore sepe 
rufescente, foliis planioribus oblongis sublingueformibus, lobulo normali 
parvo interdum fere obsoleto; bracteis multo minoribus complicatis, 
altera (minore) seepe fere sequiloba. 

Hab. Species Americ tropic plurimee foliicol filicicoleeque, paucee 
in arborum truncis ramulisque, preecipue inundatis; Europe in arborum 
fruticumque (Quercus, Ulicis, Callune, etc.) cortice, etiam ad rupes, in 
Lrullaniis perseepe parasitantes. 

Distr. In America eequatoriali 11 species legi, quarum 7 (omnes novee ?) 
ad § Physocoleam pertinent—una per totam continentis latitudinem, ab 
oris atlanticis ad pacificas usque, obvia, etiam in Andes sylvaticos ad alt. 
2000™ usque ascendit; caetersze omnes extra planitiem ‘Amazonicam haud 
vise. Ad § Leptocoleam referendee sunt species 4, quarum 2 antea inde- 
scriptee, omnes planitiicolee nisi C. L. micrandracia n. sp. in Andibus 
Peruvianis alt. 500™ semel inventa.—Aliz Colo-Lejeunew ab auctoribus 
descriptee sunt 10 (vel plures) species, sc. 3: L. minutissima Sm. (= L. 
inconspicua Raddi), L. calcarea Lib., et L. microscopica Tayl., insulis 
Britannicis (Hibernia preecipue), 2 priores etiam in Europa continentali et 
America bor. temperata, indigene; 4 vel 5 Americee tropice adscriptze et 
3 paleotropice, quae omnes iterata examinatione egent. 


I. PHyYsocoLEa. 


1. Folia basi postica lobulo tertio (stylove) minuto digitiforma wucta. 
[C. L. calcarea Lib. ¥. concinne disticha, facie muriculata, margine muri- 


CoLo-LEJEUNEA. 293 


culata denticulataque, recte laxe complicata, lobo ovato acuminato 
acuto, apice decurvulo, lobulo normali duplo breviore angustioreque 
subquadrato plano. Rami 9 brevissimi, innovatione simplice micro- 
phylla aucti. Br. foliis submajores quadrato-rotund bilobe, vix 
complicatze, valde muricatze. Per. turbinata v. ovato-oblonga, rotun- 
dato-truncata obsolete rostellata obtuse 5-carinata tota facie muricu- 
lata. Huropa.] 


2. Folia lobulo accessorio nullo. 


A. Flores diotct. 


1. C.-L. megalandra. F. disticha sed varie patula flaccida subrotunda, 
integra, haud complicata, margine postico fere plana vel late incurva; 
cellule subprominule punctulate. Andrceecia in caule terminalia, 
robusta julacea; br. plurijuge magne turgide, antheridium soli- 
tarium maximum foventes. 


B. Flores monoici. 


2. C.-L. turbinifera. Caules breves subfasciculato-ramosi. F. subimbri- 
cata obovata vel fere orbiculata retusa rotundatave, facie margineque 
papulosa minuteque scaberula, a basi alte complicata, plica lanceolata 
vix inflata. Fl. 9 in caule ramisque terminales, innovatione (sepe 
prolifera) suffulti. Br. dissitee foliis fere conformes, raro complicate, 
interdum apice bilobe. Per. turbinata turgida ab ipsa basi argute 
5-carinata ubique papulosa. Andr. in ramo terminalia; br. 3-5- 
juge. 

3. C.-L. myriandrecia. Caules elongati, ramulis ?, et preecipue ¢, crebre 
pinnulati. F. distantia elliptica rotundata obtusatave, margine 
postico fere toto (interdum bis) complicata sublevissima. FI. 9 in 
ramulo brevi innovato (interdum prolifero) terminales. Br. dissite 
eplicate infra apicem dente extante lobulate. Per. pyri-vel fusi- 
formia acute 5-carinata leevia. 

4, O-.L. gymnocolea. Caules basi fasciculatim ramosi. F. subimbricata 
seepe subsquarrosa late semiovata obtusata, haud complicata margine 
autem postico supra medium unidentata. Fl. 2 in caule ramove 
iteratim innovando-prolifero terminales. Br. distantes, foliis con- 
formes. Per. basi nuda, pyriformia subcompressa acute 5-carinata 
leevissima. 

[C.-L. minutissima Sm. Vage ramosa. F, distantia subrotunda tota fere 
longitudine complicata valde concava turgidaque subpapulosa, lobulo 
lobo perpaulo angustiore. Br. ? foliis duplo longiores late oblongee 
parum complicate, brevissime bilobze, lobulo postico duplo angustiore. 
Per. emersa turbinata pyriformiave compressula argute 5-carinata 
subleevia, interdum ad carinas cellulis pellucidis uniseriatis papulosa. 
Andr. ramis brevibus robustis constantia; bracteze foliis subminores 
majoresve cymbiformes valde papulosee monandre. Europa. | 

(C.-L. microscopica Tay]. Preminuta albida pellucida subramosa. F. dis- 
tantia ovoideo-fusiformia alte papulosa parum inzequiloba, lobo antico 
ultra posticum in apicem brevem subacutum, triangularem vy. brevi- 
lingueformem szpe prominente, Br. parum dissite foliis angus- 
tiores longioresque. Per. obovata obconicave ecarinata pellucida. 
FI. paroici. Hibernia. | 

5. C.-L. liliputiana. Minuta. F. distantia ovato-ligulata triplo longiora 


9 


quam lata, a basi ad % alt. tota convoluto-complicata, ultra plicam 


294 CoLo-LEJEUNEA. 


in apicem planum obtusatum producta. Br. foliis longiores ligulate 
ad + bifidee subzequilobe. Per. pyriformia 5-carinata, carinis apice 
rotundo-subprominulis. 

6. C.-L. ensifolia. Minuta albida pellucida. F. dissita falcata et hamata, 
anguste lanceolata acuminata 5-7-plo longiora quam lata, recte com- 
plicata, lobulo inflato f. 4-plo breviore (nullove). Fl. in ramo bre- 
vissimo terminales, innovatione interdum prolifera suffulti. Br. foliis 
subconformes, lobulo autem longiore. Per. subemersa obconico-pyri- 
formia supra medium 5-gona, angulis superne papulosis.—Var. pyg- 
mea, preminuta, foliis subplanis latioribus, ovato-lanceolatis; peri- 
anthii carinis apice rotundo-prominulis. 


II. Leprocorea. Per valde compressa, sepe obcordata, postice convexa cari- 
nisque 2 (demum subobsoletis) percursa. 


A. F, cellulis marginalibus subconformabus. 


7. C.-L. micrandrecia. Pallide viridis. F. contigua oblonga rotundata, 
ipsa basi complicata, plicd minut& margine dente setiformi aucta, 
subpapulosa. Br. minute. Per. obcordato-cuneata margine papu- 
losa ceeterum levia. Andr. ramulo minuto tenui cauligeno con- 
stantia. 

8. C.-L. obliqua. Albicans, F. subdissita seepe assurgenti-secunda oblique 
oblonga v. subligulata rotundata, margine facieque (apicem versus) 
scaberula; lobulus 2-4-plo brevior ovato-rectangularis, basi sola tur- 
gidus, apice bidentatus. Br. parvee complicate. Per. cuneata trun- 
cata obcordatave tota facie muricata. Andr. in ramis terminalia 
laxiuscula. 

9. C.-L. platyneura. Rufula. F. subimbricata ovato-linguzeformia rotun 
data antice celluloso-erosula, cellulis mediis pluriseriatis elongatis 
vacuis late vittata, ceeteris cellulis minutissimis muricato-prominulis; 
lobulus 3-plo brevior subtransversus ovato-fusiformis acutus. Br. f. 
breviores, altera (major) inzequiloba, altera fere zequiloba. Per. late 
cuneata rotundo-truncata, margine toto minute muriculata. Andr. 
spica brevi cauligena constantia. 

B. Folia margine, v. saltem apice, cellulis elongatis vacuts scarioso- 
limbata. 

10. C.-L. subscariosa. Rufescens tenerrima. F. imbricata semicordato- 
oblongo-rotunda apice scariosa, lobulo minuto szepe obsoleto. Rami 
@ brevissimi innovati, interdum biflori. Br. foliis multo minores. 
Per. late obcordato-cuneata postice gibboso-convexa ecarinata, mar- 
gine peranguste alata. Andr. brevia, v. ramulo constantia v. in 
caule terminalia. 

11. C. L. cardiocarpa. Viridi-rufa. F. imbricata ovato-oblonga obtusata, 
cellulis autem adventitiis scariosis seepissime acuminata; lobulus 
2-3-plo minor planus sublingulatus obtusus. Br. foliis fere aequi- 
magnie. Per, late obovato-pyriformia rotundata v. obcordata, postice 
alte convexa primum 2-carinulata. Andr. cauligena folio proximo 
sublongiora, 


1. Coto-LEJEUNEA MEGALANDRA, Spruce. 
Hah. In flam, Amazonum sylvis, juxta Obidos, in cortice vetusto. 


7 ~ lad ~ 
F 4x ‘35, 85 x °25, ¢ ay™™. 


Minuta, saturate viridis, dense late ceespitosa. Caules 2-3™™ longi ascen- 


CoLo-LEJEUNEA. 295 


dentes pellucidi, 3 cellulas diametro, simplices vel ramum unum 
alterumve edentes—rarissime longiores et subpinnati. 

Folia dissita vel subimbricata, basi brevi subtransversa distiche inserta, 
varie patula, flaccida et undulata, subrotunda concava repanda papu- 
losa, margine postico planiuscula vel plus minus late incurva, lobulo 
nullo; cellule parvule equilatero-hexagonz leptodermes convexule, 
tota facie verruculose (quasi punctulate) opace, demum pellu- 
centes. 

Foliola nulla. E cujusque folii basi profertur radicella una alterave 
prelonga—raro plures fasciculatze. 

Flores dioici: @ haud visi; andrcecia magna ovato-fusiformia, caulis 
dimidium superiorem tenentia; bracteze plurijugee, arctiuscule imbri- 
catee, inferiores foliis imo majores, superiores sensim minores, tur- 
gidee, margine postico toto late involuto antheridium solitarium 
maximum foventes. 


Forsan pro forma L. turbinifere juvenili, mere mascula, habenda; 
florescentia attamen dioica cum eadem conjungere vetat. 


2. CoLo-LEJEUNEA TURBINIFERA, Spruce. 


Hab. In arborum pomiferarum cortice in Andibus Quitensibus infra 
2000™. alt., locis Bawos, ad pedem M. Tunguragua, in Citri cortice, 
Loja et Guataxi; etiam ad Andium pedem occidentalem, loco Daule 
prope Guayaquil; ad fl. Amazonum ostia juxta predium Tauat; ad 
S. Carlos fl. Negro, in Artocarpi cortice. 

F -4x°35; lob ‘1 latus; ¢ 4k; br 45x ‘35; per ‘5 x °35, °65 x 45mm, 

Pusilla tenera viridis in plagulas densas effusa. Caules 1-4 pollicis longi 
fragiles pellucidi, subfasciculato-ramosi, ramique paucifolii arcte 
repentes subassurgentesve, ad foliorum insertionem geniculati. 

Folia plus minus imbricata, assurgentia, ex angusta et subtransversa basi 
obovata, cuneato-rotunda v. fere orbiculata, apice lato retusa rotun- 
datave, facie margineque papulosa, a basi ad medium vel fere ad 
apicem usque complicata, plica erecta lanceolata parum inflata seepius 
edentula; cellule subparvee eequilaterze leptodermes, insigniter con- 
vexo-prominule, scaberule, subpellucidee, chlorophyllo parco et v. 
sparso v. in cellulz centro congesto.—In ramis sterilibus frequenter 
adveniunt folia solum concava, margine postico gibboso-incurva, nee 
complicata, 

Foliola 0, adsunt tamen radicellz validee, solitariee v. paucz et fasciate, 
ad folii cujusque basin. 

Flores monoici et dioici: 2 crebri, terminales, innovatione parvifolia 
brevi simplice, v. longiore iterumque florifera, suffulti. Bracteze (vix 
propriz) alterne, inter se et demum a perianthio late dissite, foliis 
fere conformes, snborbiculat, raro subcomplicatee, v. apice ineequa- 
liter bilobe v. lobulo angusto explanato auctze; bracteola 0. 

Perianthia subemersa—demum alte exserta—turbinata, turgida tenui- 
rostellata, abipsa basi argute 5-carinata, ubique, ad carinas preecipue, 
papulosa. 

Andreecia ramum terminantia validiuscula, ovoidea compressula; bractez 
3-5 juge, haud arcte imbricatze, foliis minores sed latius complicate, 
monandre. 

L. epiphyta G. (Syn. Hep. 391.) differt foliis ellipticis (explanatis cor- 
datis), perianthiis parvis apice solo pentagonis, 


296 CoLo-LEJEUNEA. 


Obs. In the fold of the leaves I find sometimes as many as ten globular 
pale reddish bodies (eggs?), with a perfectly smooth thin coat or shell, 
containing only mucus. 


3. CoLo-LEJEUNEA MYRIANDRECIA, Spruce, 

Hab. Ad fluvium Uaupés, in imis truncis inundatis arenaque obrutis. 

F -3x-°2, lob :25, ¢ gy; br 3x ‘15; per 35x °15; andrecia -25—5™™, 

Pusilla pallide olivacea tenui strato late effusa. Caules filiformes 3-4 poll. 
longi, parum divisi, dein ramulis crebris brevibus—sepe floriferis, 
? vel ¢—pinnulati. 

Folia distantia, basi angusta transversa inserta, angulo 45° patentia, ellip- 
tica rotundata obtusatave integerrima concava, margine toto fere 
postico obtuse complicata; lobulus (potius plica) czetero folio duplo 
et ultra angustior, lanceolatus, seepe iterum implicatus; cellule 
minutule equilateree vel parum elongate, subplane, leptodermes, 
opace, chlorophyllo sat copioso cellule centrum versus coacervato. 

Foliola 0. Radicellee pallidee ineequilongze, paucee ad cujusque folii basin 
fasciculatee. 

Flores monoici: @ in ramulo brevi parvifolio, innovando seepeque iterum 
florifero, terminales. Bractez foliis caulinis equilonge sed angus- 
tiores, ovales, paulo infra apicem dente extante (lobulum sistente) 
auctee, vel non; altera seepe minor; bracteola 0. 

Perianthia parum emergentia pyriformia vel subfusiformia, brevissime 
rostellata, tota longitudine alte 5-carinata. 

Andreecia floribus 9 longe numerosiora, ramulo brevi constantia; bracteze 
3-8-jugee cymbiformes, apice rotundato brevissime bilobe. 


A Colo-L. turbinifera 8. differt caule elongato crebre pinnulato; foliis 
et preecipue bracteis angustioribus; perianthiis plus duplo longioribus 
quam latis—pyriformibus, nec turbinatis; demum cellulis dimidio minori- 
bus subplanis. 


Obs. There is no proper lobule, but the postical margin of the leaf is 
widely folded in, the fold being widest in the middle, and running to a 
point at each extremity, so as to be somewhat lanceolate. Sometimes 
the fold itself is again enfolded, along its middle, so that the leaves may be 
called “bis complicata.” 


4, Coto-LEJEUNEA GYMNOCOLEA, Spruce. 


Hab. In Calliandri surinamensis ramulis, aquis fuvii Bombonasa inun- 
datis. 

F ‘8x ‘625, °65 x °55, ¢ py; per “75 x *45™™, 

Pusilla czespitosa viridis. Caules }-}-pollicares, ascendentes, basi dense 
radicellosi fasciculatim ramosi; rami arhizi, 3 cellulas lati, pellucidi, 
simplices vel ramulosi. 

Folia imbricata vel dissita, distiche patula vel subsquarrosa, basi an- 
custa inserta, late semiovata obtusata, undulata, siccando crispata, 
margine postico supra medium unidentata (dente lobulum sistente, 
interdum nullo); cellule parvee wquilaterze conformes leptodermes 
valde chlorophylos«e.—Ad surculos elongatos aliquando adveniunt 
folia apice triloba vel heteromorpha, 


CoLo-LEJEUNEA: 297 


Flores monoici: @ terminales in caule ramove iteratim mnovando— 
prolifero. Bracteze propriz null, nisi folium perianthio proximum, 
innovationi ex parte adnatum, ceteris foliis paulo majus, pro 
bractea habendum. 

Perianthia basi nuda (i.e. a bractea subremota) foliis caulinis subzequi- 
longa, pyriformia subcompressa, tota longitudine acute 5-carinata, 
lzvissima, apice rotundato obsolete rostellata. Capsula globosa, 
breviter exserta. 

Andrecia spicam elongatam—raro breviorem—in ramo primario pro 
more terminalem sistentia; bracteze usque ad 20-jugze julaceo- 
equitantes late ovate ventricoso-concavye, apice brevissime ine- 
qualiter bifidee, lobis obtusis. Antheridia magna solitaria. 

Plantula singularis et exquisita, L. minutissime, turbinifere, e. a. certe 
affinis, sed distinctissima ! 


5. CoLo-LEJEUNEA LILIPUTIANA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad fluvium Casiqwiari, in arborum foliis vivis, supra alias Lejewneas 
repens. 

F 15 x ‘05, lob +1, ¢ a; br -2--25 x 07; per -25 x -15™™. 

Minuta pallida. Caules }-pollicares filiformes fragiles flexuoso-intricati, 
pauciramei, radicellosi. 

Folia distantia ovato-ligulata, triplo longiora quam lata, a basi ad % alt. 
tota latitudine convoluto-complicata—plica rarissime obsoleta—apice 
plano obtusata; cellulee subconformes rhomboideo-hexagonee parum 
elongatze pellucidze leptodermes. Foliola 0. 

Flores monoici: 2 terminales, cum innovatione. Bracteze foliis dimidio 
longiores suberectz ligulate, apice ad 4 bifidee, segmentis subequali- 
bus subacutis; bracteola 0. 

Perianthia subemersa pellucida pyriformia brevirostria vix compressa 5- 
carinata, carinis apice rotundo-subprominulis. 


A L. ensifolia distat minutie, foliis latioribus multo magis alte com- 
plicatis, bracteis subzequilobis, perianthii carinis lzvibus. 


6. CoLo-LEJEUNEA ENSIFOLIA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad fl. Negro, plurimis locis, in filicibus, preecipue Trichomanis spe- 
ciebus diversis, rarius in arborum foliis; ad S Carlos, in Parivoe 
legumine carioso. 

F 5x07, 1; lob 125-0; c 3-34; br lob 5 x +1; per 6x *4™™, 

Minnta, in plagas albidas flavidasve conferta. Caules 3-pollicares pro- 
strati vage et subfasciculato-ramosi, ramis interdum a matrice liberis 
arcuatis apice sensim parvifoliis. 

Folia dissita, assurgenti-secunda, falcata et hamata, anguste lanceolata 
acuminata, latitudine varia (4-10c. ubi latissima), seepe 7-plo longiora 
quam lata, pellucida, celluloso-subcrenulata, recte complicata; lobu- 
lus 4-plo brevior inflatus, fusiformis, seepe nullus; cellule mediocres, 
marginales subminores oblique rhombee, interiores oblonge 4-6- 
angulares, folii axi parallele, omnes parum prominule, leptodermes. 

Foliola nulla; haustoria interdum cuique folio tributa, penicilliformia, 


seepe tamen absentia. 
Flores monoici: ? in ramo brevissimo terminales, cum innovatione 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. Ye Fe 


298 CoLo-LEJEUNEA. 


perbrevi simplice—raro in ramo longiore innovato. Bracteze foliis 
subconformes bilobee (nee semper complicate) lobulo lobo duplo 
breviore lanceolato v. lineari; bracteola 0. 

Perianthia foliis sublongiora obconico-pyriformia rotundato-truncata ob- 
scure rostellata supra medium 5-gona, angulis apice carinatis sub- 
papulosis, demum aperta campaniformia. 

Andrecia in ramis terminalia; bracteze sub 5-jugze laxee foliis parum 
diversze, lobulo autem majore. 

Var. pygmea. Caules foliaque minora matrici arcte applanata. Folia 
ovato-lanceolata obtusa subacutave 10-12 cell. lata, lobulo triplo 
breviore nullove. Perianthia carinis apice altius rotundo-prominu- 
lis papulosis.—Mandos, in Adianti fronde; S. Carlos, in arboris folio. 
—Pro foliis planissimis latioribus, perianthiisque apice quasi 5-umbo- 
natis, probabiliter species propria erit. 


7. CoLo-LEJEUNEA MICRANDRE@CTIA, Spruce. 


Hab. Tarapoto Andium Peruvie in Acrostichi frondibus. 
F°8x°4, °75 x ‘5; ¢ oy; br 25; per 6x 4, 5 x 35mm, 


Pusilla prostrata arcte adherens pallide viridis ; Caules 3-pollicares sub- 
ramosi fragiles. 

Folia pro plantula magna, contigua v. subimbricata, plana, oblonga v. 
ovato-oblonga—alia longiora angustioraque subligulata—apice ro- 
tundata truncatave, margine subcrenulata, basi brevissime inflexa, 
plica plana triangulari medium versus dentem setiformem cell. 
3-5 longum erecto-patentem proferente; cellulee mediocres oblongo- 
4-6-conee leptodermes pellucide convexule. 

Foliola 0; haustoria quotquot folia, penicillata. 

Flores monoici: Q in ramo brevissimo, innovatione parva simplice suf- 
fulti, terminales. Bracteze minutie, foliis 3-plo breviores, ligulate, 
lobulatee, complicatze (vel altera non); bracteola 0. 

Perianthia obcordato-cuneata valde compressa, rostello perbrevi lato 
aucta, antice convexula apiceque obscure obtuse carinulata, postice 
humiliter bicarinata, carinis approximatis demum in unam latam 
confluentibus, margine papulosa. 

Andrecia cauligena minuta, folio proximo 3-4-plo breviora, bracteis 
3-4 jugis turgidis. 

Species pulchella distinctissima! L. Dozyana Lac. Hep. Jav. t. 12, affinis 
videretur. 


8. CoLo-LEJEUNEA OBLIQUA, Mont. et N.? Ann. Sc. Nat. a. 1843, 
p. 264.—Lejeunea erigens, Spruce Mst. 


Hab. In sylvis fl. Amazonum et pracipue fluviorum Negro, Uaupés et 
Casiquiari, ad arborum folia viva; in Andes quoque sed rarius as- 
cendit. 

F -85x°45; lob ‘25; c az; br °35; per 65 x 35™m, 

Mediocris pallida albescens flavidave, arcte adrepens scepeque alias Le- 
jeuneas infestans. Caules pollicares in orbem radiatim sed laxe 
ramosi, ramis pro more paucis elongatis. 

Folia flaccida pellucida, dissita, raro subimbricata, horizontalia vel seepe 
(post sieccationem precipue) assurgenti-secunda, basi perangusta sub- 


CoLo-LEJEUNEA. 299 


transversa inserta, oblique ovalia oblongave, interdum fere ligulata, 
seepe subdimidiata, apice rotundata, facie, marginem anticum apicem- 
que versus, necnon in ipso margine, scaberula, caeterum levia integer- 
rimaque, recte complicata; lobulus 2—4-plo brevior ovato-rectangu- 
laris basi turgidus; supra medium planus appressus, apice bidentatus; 
cellula mediocres, subleptodermes, inferiores sensim longiores, ad 
folii marginem anticum apicemque minores papilla brevi aucte, 
ceeterze subplane, 

Flores monoici: 2 inramo seepe iteratim innovando terminales. Bractez 
foliis plus duplo breviores complicate, lobo ligulato obtuso, lobulo 
sat minore lanceolato acuto, altera bractea longe minore; bracteola 
nulla. 

Perianthia emersa, f. caulinis breviora, cuneato-pyriformia compressa 
brevi-rostellata truncata v. obcordata, postice bicarinata (carinis 
demum in unam fere confluentibus) facie tota, ad margines compla- 
natos carinasque preecipue, cellulis in papillam alte conicam acutam 
elevatis exasperata. 

Andreecia ramos tenninantia laxiuscula; bracteze 6-10-juge, inferiores 
distantes inzequaliter bilobz, superiores sensim minores tote fere 
complicate. 

Var. levigata. Duplo minor; foliis angustioribus (45 x ‘2™™), lobulo in- 
flato-fusiformi; bracteis longioribus, perianthii carinis angustioribus. 
—Ad fl. Amazonum et Negro, necnon in M. Tunguragua (alt. 
2200"), 

Var. elobulata. Parvula, foliorum lobulo plane nullo.—Ad rivulum 
Cauapuna juxta Venezuele confinia borealia. 


The radicles leave the stem, from the base of each leaf, in a short 
cylindrical fascicle, then spread out into a disciform haustorium, as ir 
Odonto-Lejeunea. 

In the inflated base of one leaf I found seven closely-packed small 
spherical muriculate bodies, probably eggs. 


9. CoLo-LEJEUNEA PLATYNEURA, Spruce. 

Hab. 8. Gabriel, juxta fluvii Negro cataractas, in arboris folio vivo. 

F -4x°3, lob 125-15 x°1, c. medi p~o-ay; submarginales zA5; br 3x1; 
per -5 X 4mm, 

Pusilla pulchella tenuis rufula arcte appressa; caules 1}-pollicares parum 
ramosi. 

Folia subimbricata, angulo axiali sub 70° patentia, basi perbrevi affixa, 
oblique ovato-oblonga sublinguzeformia, rotundata, margine antico 
minute celluloso-erosula, postico subrecte complicata; lobulus sub- 
horizontalis, deorsum convexus, folio sub 3-plo brevior, ovato-fusi- 
formis subinflatus, apice exciso-acutus; cellule inferiores medieque 
multo majores subelongate vacue, nervum latum simulantes, sub- 
apicales et submarginales (plurium serierum juxta marginem anti- 
cum) minutissime guttulatee muricato-subprominule. 

Foliola 0, eorum loco ad cujusque folii basin adest haustorium. 

Fl. monoici: ? in ramis brevissimis terminales, innovatione paucifolio 
suffulti; bracteze foliis breviores, altera (innovationi adnata) ad 
medium bifida, lobo ligulato obtusato, lobulo rhomboideo subacuto 
lobo subzequilato sed breviore; altera bractea duplo minor fere xequa- 
liter bifida; bracteola 0. 


300 CoLo-LEJEUNEA. 


Perianthia emersa, foliis caulinis sublongiora, late ctneata rotundato- 
truncata vel subretusa, cum rostello perbrevi, compressa, antice con- 
vexula depressave, postice carinis 2 obtusis approximatis in unam 
latam demum confluentibus percursa, margine toto minute muri- 
culata. 

Amenta ¢ folio c. breviora longiorave, spicata; bractese 3-6-jugee com- 
presso-hemispherice., 


10. CoLo-LEJEUNEA SUBSCARIOSA, Spruce. 

Hab. S. Gabriel fl. Negro, in arboris folio. 

F “7x5, 65 x ‘5, lob 12; c Peay 5 br :25--5; per “6 x ‘5™™, 

Pallide rufescens tenerrima, arcte adrepens. Caules 4-pollicares subbi- 
pinnati, ramis brevibus. 

Folia pro plantula magna imbricata plana v. leniter decurvula oblongo- 
rotunda, basi antica anguste semicordata caulem obtegentia, apice 
scarioso-marginata integerrima, basi postica recte complicata, lobulo 
minuto trapezoideo subobtuso seepe obsoleto; cellule subpellucide, 
annulo opaco cincte, angulis perpaulo incrassatis vel non, mediz 
parvulz, basales sensim majores, folii margines autem versus multo 
minores, marginales ipse (apicales preecipue) deformate tenuissime 
elongate vacue. 

Foliola 0, haustorio tamen cuique folio tributo. 

Flores monoici; Qin ramo brevissimo terminales, innovatione perbrevi 
interdum iterum florifera stipati. Bracteee foliis multo minores, 
inter se valde inzequimagne, complicato-bilobe, altera lobis oblongis 
lanceolatisve pro more obtusatis, inferiore sat minore, altera bractea 
autem minor fere equiloba. 

Perianthia f. caulina vix eequantia, late obcordato-cuneata, valde com- 
pressa, apice emarginato brevi-umbonata, margine sublevissimo ala 
angusta raro aucto, facie antica subplana, postica gibboso-convexa 
sine ulla carina distincta. Capsula majuscula elliptico-globosa. 

Andreecia parvo ramulo constantia—raro in ipso caule terminalia; brac- 
tez sub 3-jugee parvee laxee turgide ovoidec. 


L. cardiocarpa Mont. certe differt foliis ovatis grandilobulatis; bracteis 
majoribus f. caulinis fere conformibus. L. platyneura §. foliis fere duplo 
minoribus immarginatis erosulis falsinerviis; perianthiis haud obcordatis, 
postice bicarinatis, margine muriculatis. 


11. CoLo-LEJEUNEA CARDIOCARPA, Mont. 


In Ram. de la Sagra, Cuba, etc.: Botanique, p. 476, t. 18, f. 4. Syn. 
Hep. p. 394. 
Hab. 8S. Carlos et S. Gabriel del Rio Negro, in arborum foliis vivis.  Pri- 
mum in insula Cuba inventa, nuperius a cl. LizBMANN in Mewico. 


F ‘65x °4, lob :2-"3, cq; br *4-"6; per 55 x -45™™, 


Pusilla prostrata, e pallide viridi rufula. Caules breves, 4 poll. longi, 
subramosi, ramis seepe confertis ineequilongis. 

Folia imbricata subplana ovato-oblonga obtusata, apice plerumque cellu- 
lis adventitiis elongatis scariosis vacuis 2—3-serlatis In acumen acu- 
tum protracta, ab apice ad $long., vel ultra, biloba, complicata; 
lobulus planus, loho 2-8-plo minor, sublingueformis obtusus, axi 


CoLo-LEJEUNEA. 301 


eauli fere parallelus; cellule parvule, apicalibus deformatis ex- 
ceptis, subconformes, acute hexagon paulo elongate leptodermes, 
ambitu interno anguste opacze. 

Foliola nulla nisi patella radicellifera ad cujusque folii basin. 

Flores monoici: @ in ramo iteratim innovando terminales. Bractez 
foliis paulo breviores, lobulo parum latiore, caeterum conformes; 
bracteola 0. 

Perianthia vix emersa late obovato-pyriformia valde compressa, rotun- 
dato-truncata-retusulave —interdum obcordata—-cum rostello per- 
brevi, antice convexula, postice primitus obtuse bicarinata, carinis 
approximatis, demum solum alte convexa ventricosave, leevia. 

Amenta ¢ folio caulino sublongiora julacea; bracteze 4—6-jugze majus- 
cule scariosee. 


Anne revera planta Montagnei, cui tributa sunt folia lobulo minore, 
angusto vel rotundato, et bractcolam semper presentem (Syn. Hep. 1.c.)! 
—Montagneus ipse autem dicit “amphigastrium [involucrale] nul- 
lum reperi.” 


Suscenus XXX VI.—DIPLASIO-LEJEUNEA, S. 


Plante pusillz pallide rufee, strato tenui arcte repentes. Caules 4—$-pol- 
licares fragiles parum ramosi. 

Folia magna tenuia subcontigua basi perangusta inserta, oblongo-ro- 
tunda, apice lato plana (nec convoluta) infra medium (interdum bis) 
complicata; plica lanceolata subinflata margine (apice) vel bidentata 
vel in dentem subulatum protracta; cellule parvule vel fere 
minute, subplane, pariete vel subtenui vel ad angulos mediaque 
latera incrassato. 

Foliola duplicata (¢.e. cuique folio tributa) foliis 2-4-plo breviora, late 
cuneata bitida-partitave, segmentis angustis acutis pro more diver- 
gentibus, radicellas fasciatas prodentia. 

Flores monoici vel dioici: @ in ramo brevi longioreve terminales, inno- 
vatione simplice proliferave suffulti. Bracteze parvee complicate 
subeequilobe; bracteola bifida (raro solum retusa) segmentis erectis. 

Perianthia oblonga parum compressa brevirostria preealte 5-carinata 
leevissima. 

Andreecia plerumque ramulo parvo constantia; bracteze 2-8-jugee parvee. 


Hab. In arborum foliis vivis et in filicibus, perseepe aliis hepaticis 
(preecipue Frullaniis) irrepens. Altera species Austro-americana supra 
planitiem parum ascendit, altera regioni Andium sylvaticee medi propria 
est. 

Distr. Species sub 7 cognovimus, terris tropicis austrinisque indigenze, 
quarum 5 Americanz, ab Antillis ad Brasiliam et Peruviam usque dis- 
persee, 1 Africana (L. Kraussiana Ldnbg.) et 1 Tasmanica (L. lyratifolia 
i ieb .). 


1. D.-L. pellucida. Dioica. F. basi simpliciter plicata, plica longe uni- 
dentata. Foliola bipartita, laciniis lanceolatis late divergentibus. 
Bracteola 9 foliolis subconformis, laciniis autem erectis. Per. ob- 
longa. 


302 DIPLASIO-LEJEUNEA. 


2. D.-L. replicata. Monoica.  F. basi bis implicata, plica apice biden- 
tula. Foliola cuneata ad 3-$ bifida, laciniis patulis, superiora 
majora subquadrata. Bracteola anguste oblonga ad 4 bifida. Per. 
magna fusitormi-oblonga duplo longiora quam lata. 


1, Drpias1o-LEJEUNEA PELLUCIDA (Meissn.). 
Jung. pellucida Meissn. in Spreng. Cur. post. in 8. Veg. 325.—Syn. Hep. 
393. 

Hab. In sylva Amazonica, ad arborum palmarumque folia, haud infre- 
quens, preecipue secus fl. Negro ripas; in Andibus vix supra 1000m. 
ascendit (M. Campana, Guayrapurina, &c.), in filicum frondibus et 
Frullaniis repens.—Hie illic per Americam tropicam dispersa. 

F -9x°75, ‘8x °65; lob 3-4; ¢ gy; f °3; br °35; per °6 x -4mm, 

Tenuissima, hyalina, pallide viridis rufescensve, arcte adrepens. Caules $- 
pollicares, parum ramosi, ramique ramulis 2 sepe crebre pinnulati, 
flexuosi, fragiles. 

Folia magna, contigua v. subimbricata, tenerrima, apice seepe scariosa, 
patentia, subplana convexulave, oblique obovato-vel oblongo-ro- 
tunda, basi ipsa angusta fere transversa, antice anguste semicordata, 
recte vel subsinuato-complicata, plica folio fere ter breviore ovali- 
lanceolata subplana v. gibboso-subinflata, margine medium versus in 
dentem majusculum subulatum (lobulum verum) protracta ; cellule 
subpellucidee, ambitu anguste subopacee, leptodermes, v. eequaliter 
subinerassatee, medize minutule eequilaterze, submarginales minutis- 
sime, subbasales breviores elongate, omnes subplanee. 

Foliola duplicata, foliis 3-plo breviora, bipartita, laciniis late divergenti- 
bus v. divaricatis, anguste ovato-lanceolatis, acutis, interdum sula- 
cuminatis, aliis angustioribus fere subulatis, margine repandis. 

Flores dioici: @ in ramulo brevissimo terminales, Innovatione pauci- 
(seepe parvi-) folia suffulti, rarius in ramo longiore iteratim inno- 
vato pseudo-laterales. Bracteze foliis fere 3-plo breviores, compli- 
cato-bilobee, lobis ligulato-rhomboideis, postico paulo angustiore 
subacuminato ; bracteole lacinize Janceolato-ligulatee erecto-con- 
tiguee. 

Perianthia f. caulinis subbreviora—raro sublongiora—oblonga, parum 
compressa, apice rotundato-truncata obsolete rostellata, argute 5- 
earinata, rufa levissima. Calyptra tenuis subsessilis. Capsula 
breviter exserta. 

Andreecia lateralia minuta; bracteee 2-3-jugee. 


In M. Campana adveniunt forme due, 1. foliorum plica perangusta, 
interdum ad solum dentem redacta; 2. foliis bullato-concavis margine 
postico fere toto involuto. 

L. unidentata L. et L!; Mont. Hist. &c. de Cuba, t. 19, f. 2; S. H. 392: 
parum diversa est foliolis brevius bifidis, segmentis subobtusis. _Spe- 
cimina in hb. Hook., ex ins. 8. Vincentis, ab ipsis auctoribus nominata, 
foliorum lobulos habent apice exciso-bidentatos, altero dente sat breviore. 
—Pro L, pellucide varietate habenda. 


2. DipLasio-LEJEUNEA REPLICATA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in sylvis, supra alias Hepaticas repens, alt. 1500- 
3000m., locis fl. Pastasa infra Banos, Guayrapata, Azuay, &e.; rara. 


DIPLASIO- LEJEUNEA. 303 


F 8x65; lob 4; ¢ A; fit -25x°2, -45x°4; br °65; drt -6x°3; per 


1-05 x ‘bam, 
Tenella, pallide viridis rufulave, prostrata. Caules fragiles }-}-pollicares 
subramosi. 


Folia dissita v. subimbricata; pro plantula magna, angulo axiali a caule 

atente, subconcava, a basi angusta subtransversa oblique suborbicu- 
ata, dimidio inferiore bis complicata ; plica (duplice) lanceolata- 
fusiformi, utrinque acuta, margine abscondito, arte tamen explicato 
apice exciso-bidentula ; cellule parvule equilateree subconformes 
pellucidee parum chlorophyllosee, pulchre incrassate, trigonis 8-12 
In cujusque cellule ambitu valde conspicuis, fere plang vel con- 
vexule. 

Foliola duplicata, increscentia, folio 4—2-plo breviora, subimbricata, cuneata 
v. cuneato- obovata—superiora majora subquadrata—basi rotundata, 
apice ad }-4 bifida, sinu late triangulari, segmentis patulis anguste 
triangularibus subacutis, fascia radicellarum medio dorso gerentia. 

Flores monoici: 9 in caule ramove, spe iteratim innovando-prolifero, 
terminales, erecti. Bractez foliis breviores, vix ad 4 usque compli- 
cato-bilobze, lobis subeequalibus lineari-oblongis obtusis retusulisve; 

bracteola anguste oblonga ad 4 bifida, laciniis acutis conniventibus. 

Perianthia foliis longiora fusiformi-oblonga subcompressa prealte 5- 
carinata (carinis aleeformibus), apice subrotundato tubulo perbrevi 
amplo aucta, levissima. Calyptra perpaulo brevior duplo angustior 
anguste ovali-fusiformis. Capsula globosa. 

Amenta ¢ ramulo, folio caulino sublongiore constantia-—raro in ramo 
terminalia—ovato-linearia; bracteze 6—8-jugee, foliis sat minores, 
equitantes, cymbiformes, lobo obtuso, lobulo paulo minore acuto. 


L. reflexiloba G. (Hep. Novo-Granat.); nostre ob folia margine bis 
introflexa sat similis, distincta est foliolis ovato-lanceolatis et bracteola 
apice integro rotundata retusave. 


The leaf is folded in at the postical margin, from the base to the 
middle, and the fold again folded in along its axis. Within the inner 
fold I often find one or two small globular reddish grains, without any 
apparent appendages. They are either eggs or the corpses of a Rotifer, 
like Philodina rosea. 


Supcenus XXXVII.—COLURO-LEJEUNEA. 
(Colura Dumort.) 


Cum Diplasio-Lejeunea convenit foliolis duplicatis, differt foliis lobo infe- 
riore (nec superiore) majore, apice elongato in clavam cornuve con- 
voluto, marginibus superne v. liberis v. connatis ideoque sacculum 
verum efformantibus. Cellule mediocres leptodermes subpellucide 
convex planzeve. 

Foliola sepius divergenti-biloba (ac in Dzplasio-Lejeunea), raro solum 
apice bidentata basi autem sagittato-biauriculata. 

Bracteze 9 minutz integre szpius retusze. 

Perianthia campaniformia, apice convexo primum clausa, demum hiantia, 
superne 5-carinata, carinis apice in cornua brevia conica subhorizon- 
talia dilatatis. 


304 CoLURO-LEJEUNEBA. 


Andrecia spiculis parvis cauligenis compresso-globosis constantia; bractee 
paucijugee diandree. 

Hab. Species Americanze in arborum foliis vivis, extra planitiem haud 
ascendentes; Europzea (unica) in cortice, raro ad rupes. 

Distr. E speciebus 5 nobis cognitis una (L. calyptrifolia Hook.), in- 
sulas Britannicas habitat; 3 (L. tortifolia Mont., L. sagittistipula Spruce, 
et L. ceratophora N.) Americam australem; 1 (L. corynephora N.) in- 
sulam Manila. 


A. Foliorum rostrum tubulare (marginibus consolidatis). 
[C.-L. calyptrifolia, Hook. F. rostro corniformi acuto. Foliola parva bi- 
partita, laciniis patulis lineari-subulatis. Huropa.] 
1. C.-L. sagittistipula: F. rostro claveeformi obtusato. Foliola 4 folio 
longiora ovato-rotunda apice bidentula, basi externa in auriculam 
bilaciniatam deorsum producta. 


B. Foliorum rostrum incomplete clausum (marginibus liberis vmbricatis). 
2. C.-L. tortifolia. F. ovato-lanceolata supra medium convoluta (bis 
compleata). Foliola foliis 3-plo minora bipartita, laciniis subulatis 
divaricatis. 


1. CoLURO-LEJEUNEA SAGITTISTIPULA, Spruce. 
Hab. San Carlos del Rio Negro, in folio vivo. 
F-8x°'4 (haud explanata); f' 5 x°375, dent. apic. ‘07 (3-4c. longi), d. 


basales “1-125; ¢ s4™™. 

Pallida, mollis; [caulem unicum pollicarem incompletum, ramo solitario 
donatum, habui. ] 

Folia ascendenti-patula, lateraliter patentia nee imbricata (confertiuscula 
tamen) subrecurva, claveeformia, basi concavo-complicata; lobo supe- 
riore plus 2-plo minore suboblongo, sinu lato concavo in lobum 
inferiorem transeunte; inferiore a basi fere ad dimidium margine 
anguste involuto, deinde ad apicem usque in sacculum ovalem com- 
pressum margine clausum apice obtusatum, dimidium folium superum 
occupantem convoluto; cellule leptodermes subpellucidee mediocres 
suboblongo-hexagonee, utraque facie papuloso-prominule.  Sectio 
sacenli apicalis 3-plo longior quam lata. 

Foliola imbricata, dimidium folium excedentia, ovato-rotunda, apice 
bidentula, dentibus 3-4 cellulis longis apiculatis, bast exteriore 
deorsum sagittatim hastatimve producta, biloba, lobis subacutis, altero 
seepe longiore folioli 4 aquante. Radicellee fasciatee. 

Planta maxime singularis perbella! 


2. Conuro-LEJEUNEA TORTIFOLIA, Mont. 
Ann. Sc. Nat. 1843, p. 265. 

Hab. Ad folia viva in sylvis fl. Negro, Uaupes et Pacimont. Guiana 
Gallica (Leprieur in hb. Mont.). 

F 13x °‘4 (explanata ‘6—-"7 lata), c 3; f'* (crura) °3™™, 

Flavescens, robusta, flaccida tamen, prostrata; caules pollicares flexuosi 
parum ramosi intertexti. 

Folia subdissita, seepius assurgenti-secunda varie flexa tortaque, oblique 
ovato-lanceolata, margine postico toto anguste inflexo-complicata, 


CoLuURO-LEJEUNEA. 305 


supra medium bis inflexa, (marginibus tamen liberis, nec ad L. 
calyptrifolie et sagittistipule instar agglutinatis) sicuti in tertio 
superiore subulam obtusam bi- (ex parte tri-) lamellatam sistentia; 
cellule subpellucide, limitibus latis subopacis, paulo elongatee, 
leeves. 

Foliola ad quodque folium tributa bipartita, laciniis folio 3-plo breviori- 
bus subulatis acutis basi 3 cell. latis divaricatis, disco radicellarum 
stipitato donata. 

Flores dioici: ? in caule ramove iteratim innovando terminales; bracteze 
foliis 2-plo breviores subplanz oblong rotundate tenues; (bracteola 
nulla ?) 


IlI.* MYRIOCOLEA, Spruce, gen. nov. 
(Sive Lejeunew subgenus 38.) 


Genus novum, cum Lejewnea, et precipue cum subgenere Taxilejeunea 
§ Codonocolea, quoad structuram perianthii, capsule elaterumque con- 
veniens, aliis caracteribus maximi momenti bene distinctum et proprium 
videtur. Differt enim precipue foliis transversis, omnino elobulatis; 
bracteis floris paroici semper fere solitariis, oligandris (nec diandris), 
antheridia scilicet 4-7 in gremio foventibus.—Speciei unice adhuc 
cognite—plantule perbelle et quam maxime singularis—descriptionem 
plenam adjicio. 


1. MYRIOCOLEA IRRORATA, Spruce. 


Hab. In Andium Quitensium radicibus orientalibus, alt. circiter 1000 
metr., in sylva primeva “Canelos” dicta, ubi ad ramulos fruticu- 
lorum (Cuphee sp., Myrtacearum, e. a.) aquis torrentis Topo, ad latera 
montium ignivomorum Cotopaxi et Llanganati oriundi, fluv. Pastasa 
defluentis, irroratos, sociis Hypno lowensi Hook. aliisque muscis 
hygrophilis, viget. 


Caulis sectio 6x'4, ¢3™™. F 3:0x2°4; ¢. basales 34-35, subapicales 
goes f'% °18 (lata), crura 15 et °2™™, Per 11x°4, ‘9x ‘4, c. medic 
alo; calyptra ‘8-9; caps. valvule *4x°15; elateres *2; spore &-,™™, 
Antheridia ‘04, stipes ‘0O8—10™™, 


Caudex perbrevis, sat crassus, compressus, radicellis copiosis albidis 
flexuosis matrici arcte adrepens, caules paucos fastigiatos, 2-4 centim. 
longos, omnino arhizos, pinnatim ramulosos edens. Caules virides, 
validi, tenaces, compresso-teretes, cellulis conformibus lineari- 
oblongis, sectione equilatere hexagonis, conflati, dissite foliosi et 
extra cujusque folii basin (paucis inferioribus exceptis) juxta ejus 
angulum posticum, ramum brevem (1-2™™ longum) proferentes. 
Rami inferne folia pauca (1-3) parva gerentes, dein decompositi, 
primum pinnati, ramuli autem brevissimi, cito in alios ramulos flori- 
feros dissoluti, infra flores seepe iteratim innovandi; sicuti flores, 
seriatim secundi et ad speciem laterales (revera cymulos uniparos 
sistentes) confertissimi, In capitulum 40-60-florem subglobosum, 
diametro 2-2}™™, evadunt. 

Folia pallide viridia, caulina maxima, disticha, alterna, spatio 2 ad 24m™™ 
dissita, basi transversé semiamplexante utrinque brevissime decur- 


TRANS. BOT. SOC, EDIN. VOL. XV, 2Q 


306 


CoLuRO-LEJEUNEA. 


rente inserta, obovata, inferne suberecta canaliculato-subcomplicata, 
supra medium recurvo-patula, late concava vel subexplanata et valde 
undulata, margine pulchre sinuato-crispa rarius hice illic incisula 
lobulatave, caeterum perfecte integra et integerrima, lobulo proprio 
omnino nullo. Adcaules steriles adveniunt folia confertiora, magis 
convolutiva, sese caulemque imbricantia. Folia caulina postice brevi 
spatio dissita, nunquam contigua imbricatave; antice autem folia 
proxima superiora margine anguste obtegunt, quare incuba dicenda, 
idem ac in ceteris Jubuleis. Folia ramea capitulorumque caulinis 
similia, nisi rotundiora, seepe multoties minora; ad ramulorum in- 
sertionem tamen seepe adstat folium majus, ad spathee instar capituli 
partem involvens. Cellule inferiores majusculee elongato-hexagon 
pellucidee fere vacuz; superiores submarginalesque sensim multo 
minores wquilateree, chlorophyllose, apicales basalibus triplo brevi- 
ores; omnes subplanzee—marginales vix parum convexulee—pariete 
crassiusculo, trigonis nullis. 


Foliola ad foliorum quodque par tributa, minuta, caule abscondita, foliis 


15-20-plo minora, subquadrata, ad medium bifida, segmentis Ineequi- 
longis acutis; seepe ad squamulam minutam triangularem redacta, 
vel etiam obsoleta. 


Florescentia paroico-polygama, nempe flores in capituli ramis primariis 


terminales plerumque fceminei, ceeteri omnes autem ad innovationes 
successivas terminales paroici. Bractea lateralis pro more unica, 
magnitudine valde varia, nune folio caulino conformis, neque multo 
minor, perianthium alte superans; nunc multoties minor, ipso peri- 
anthio duplo brevior, oblongo-rotunda retusa, margine vix crispula; 
antheridia plerumque 4 (quorum una alterave interdum. sterili) 
slobosa, pallide flava, pedicello plus duplo longiore tenui (cellulis 
uniseriatis conflato) arcuato suffulta, in gremio fovens. Raro ad- 
veniunt bractee 2, altera brevior, antheridiifera tamen. Antheridia 
haud raro plura, inveni enim 7, omnia perfecta, in unice bractez 
axilla. In folii eandem bracteam proxime sequentis axilla aderant 6 
antheridia abortiva, pedicello cellulis 2 vel 3 angustis, cellula magna 
elobosa terminato constantia. Bractea postica (sive bracteola), 
bracted laterali saltem duplo minor, tenuis, cuneato-ligulata, apice 
valde inzequaliter bifida vel solum hine angulato-unidentata, con- 
voluta, pistillidium solitarium breviusculum amplectens. Bractea 
lateralis primum convoluta, bracteolam cin perianthio rudimentario 
pistillidioque involvens; tum, florescenti& confecta, plus minus 
patens. Sub flore mere fcemineo, ceeteris floribus majore, axes flori- 
feras terminante, nulla bractea antheridiifera adest. 


Perianthia primum minuta, cordato-pyriformia, stylo pistillidii toto 


exserto, matura foliis caulinis subtriplo breviora, albida, clavato- 
prismatica, parum compressa, inferne obtuse 5-gona, apicem versus 
alte plicato-5-carinata, carinis apice oblique truncatis vel potius in 
cornua brevi-triangularia, arguta vel apice papilloso-2-8-denticulata, 
porrectis, rostello nullo, capsulé emergente medio apice rupta; cel- 
lulee mediocres elongato-hexagone, truncate, inferiores duplo 
longiores quam late. Calyptra paulo brevior, pyriformis, basi 
angustata quasi-stipitata, tenuis, cellulis unistratis laxis rhomboideis 
rectangularibusve conflata, demum apice irregulariter rupta. Capsula 
in pedicello nodoso-10-articulato pellucido exserta, oblongo-globosa, 
sporis repleta nigra, evacuata albida, vix ultra medium 4-valvis ; 
valvul lanceolate, e stratis cellularum duobus tenuissimis pellucidis 


CoLuURO-LEJEUNFA. 307 


subrectangulari-areolatis confectee. Elateres sub 20 (16-24), }™™ 
longi, 2 vel 3 utrique valvularnm lateri subapicali adfixi, persistentes, 
lineari-tubulosi, apice dilatati, fibram planam linearem sinuosam sed 
non spiraliter tortam includentes. Spores magne, plus minus 
oblongo-globose, pressione mutua polyheedre, asperulz. 


Obs. The habit of this plant is very peculiar, and unlike that of any 
other hepatic. From a short, prostrate caudex—adhering firmly by 
numerous long white radicles to twigs of small shrubs that grow on the 
rocky margin of the river Topo, a tributary of the Pastasa, and are per- 
petually moistened by the spray of its furiously-rushing waters—arise 
stout rootless stems, rarely much exceeding an inch in length, that are 
clad with large, distichous, transversely-inserted, obovate leaves, with 
crisped margins, entirely destitute of any trace of lobule, but accompanied 
by minute underleaves narrower than the stem and entirely concealed 
by it. From the base of each leaf (except a few of the lower leaves), and 
external to it springs a short branch, bearing a globose head of from 40 to 
60 minute whitish perianths. Anything more alien from the aspect of a 
Lejeunea cannot well be imagined, and great was my astonishment, on 
examining the perianths and fruit, to find them almost exact counter- 
parts of those of the subgenus Taxilejeunea. The inflorescence, however, 
is essentially different not only from that of every Lejewnea but from all 
other Jubulew, and it is only in the very young and still unrolled flowers 
that its nature can be accurately made out, for the male organs speedily 
fall away after fertilisation. A solitary convolute bract encloses not only 
several (4 to 7) antheridia but also the smaller postical bract (or bracteole), 
which in its turn involves the rudimentary perianth and its solitary 
pistillidium. The antheridia, by their globose form and slender arcuate 
stipes, recall the fruit of Phascum (Spherangium) triquetrum; and in the 
unopened bracts they are in direct contact with the stigmatic orifice of 
the pistillidium: an arrangement which apparently ensures self-fertilisa- 
tion. But the flower terminating each lateral axis of the capitulum is 
usually subtended by the bracteole alone, without any lateral bract or 
any trace of antheridia; yet it is always fertile and mostly larger than 
any of the other flowers. 


P.S.—On page 81, an important character of Stictolejeunea has been 
inadvertently omitted. After the description of the leaves should follow: 
“Folia axillaria (ad ramorum originem) cordata—haud exacte eequalia, 
auriculaé autem posticé paulo minore—neque solum semicordata, ac in 
ceteris foliis caulinis. Rami intra (nec extra) folii basin posticam inserti, 
quo caractere a ceteris omnibus Lejewneis discrepat et ad Jubulam proprius 
accedit. Folium axillare tamen pro more rami basin solum obvelat, 
rarius eodem leniter insidet.” 


By all essential characters of inflorescence and fruit Stictolejeunea agrees 
exactly with other Lejeunew Holostipe, viz., the monogynous ¢ flowers, 
the pedicel of 20 cells in each tier, the pale tender capsule, &e.—If any 
subgenera of Lejewnea merit more than others to be raised to the rank of 
genera, they are Myriocolea and Stictolejeunea. Nearly 30 years ago, after 
examining freshly-gathered specimens of the latter, and noting the ano- 
malous insertion of the branches, the symmetrically dotted leaves, and 
the curious flattened perianths, I entered it in my MS. as a distinct 
genus, and sent it to correspondents under the name Diotianthus Argus 
nov. gen. et sp. Finding later that the plant had already been enumerated 


308 CoLuRO-LEJEUNEA. 


among supposed varieties of Lejeunea syuamata in the “Synopsis Hepati- 
carum,” I had to quash my name; and for the subgenus the title I now 
adopt seems preferable. 


It is curious that, although Neurolejeunea has a compressed two-eared 
perianth not very unlike that of Stictolejewnea, the insertion of the branches 
is different, being conformable to that of normal Lejewnea. 


{Lector benevolus corrigat rogamus menda nominum sequentia. 


P. 145, lin. 10 ab inf. pro “ Priono-L.” lege “ Odonto-L.” 
P. 170, lin. 17 a sup. pro “ L. uncinata” lege “ L. ancistrode.” | 


oe 


Trans. Bot. Soc. Badin. Vol.XV. 


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TRANSACTIONS AND PROCEEDINGS 


OF THE 


BOTANICAL SOCIETY. 


VOL, XV.—PART II. 


oon 
SAwNNIT YAZ 
<j 


EDINBURGH: 
PRINTED FOR THE BOTANICAL SOCIETY. : 


MDCCCLXXXV, 


Tuer Author has been prevented by illness from completing the 
Introduction which it was proposed to issue along with the second 
part of his Memoir on the Hepatic of the Amazon and of the 
Andes of Peru and Ecuador. As the printing of the descriptive 
portion of the work, and of the plates (22 in number), has long been 
completed, it has been decided to issue Part II. without further 
delay. 

The work, as it stands, comprises, besides full descriptions of 
every species, notes under each tribe (or sub-tribe) and genus on 
the characters, habits, and distribution in equatorial America of the 
species comprised in it.. The world-distribution of the few widely- 
dispersed species is added, so far as the materials at the Author’s 
disposal enabled him to ascertain it. Synopses of the genera in each 
tribe, or sub-tribe, and of the species in each genus, or sub-genus, are 
also given, so that the work is technically complete. 

The additional matter on the physical features of the regions 
explored, and their connection with the vegetation—especially the 
hepatic vegetation—with critical remarks on certain of the genera 
and species, the Author proposes (if he is able to complete it), to 
present to the Botanical Society in the shape of a Supplement to 
the work. 


I a EN I ESE RR SOE 2ST Oo aS 


J UNGERMANIEA, 509 


Tribus Il.—JUNGERMANIEZ:. 


Caules foliosi, raro frondosi, vario modo ramosi; rami in aliis 
generibus et speciebus omnes laterales, distichi; in aliis tristichi, 
ramis posticis pro more aut floriferis aut radicelliferis; raro 
monostichi, sc. postici, omnes e caulis facie inferiore  orti; 
rarissime vel distichi, e caule antice et postice orti, vel tetra- 
stich. Folia quoad insertionem, formam et divisionem omni 
fere modo variabilia, nisi quod in foliis conduplicato-bilobis lobulus 
galeatus campanulatusve (ad Frullanie instar) in nullo genere, 
Lepidolena et Pleurozia exceptis, obvius est. Folia opposita in 
quibusdam generibus—vel in aliis vel in omnibus speciebus— 
adveniunt; in ceteris pluribus alterna, sunt pro more sat lata, 
subrotunda vel magis elongata, integra vel sepe bifida, lobis vel 
patulis vel complicatis, margine nudo vel dentibus ciliisve armato ; 
in aliis generibus autem palmatifida, segmentis nunc subulatis, 
nunc setaceis, nunc capillaceo-ramosis. oliola foliis pro more 
multo minora, sepe subconformia; in speciebus oppositifoliis 
cum utrogue folio collaterali connata; in plurimis speciebus 
normaliter deficientia. Florescentia in uno et eodem genere 
perseepe variabilis, autoica, paroica vel dioica, in paucis autem 
robustioribus constanter dioica, eg. Herberta, Bazzania et 
Plagiochila. Flores g semper fere spicati, sepe ad ramulum 
posticum relegati; haud raro vel terminales, vel in caulis 
ramive medio positi, Bractez 1-2-vel oligardre, rarissime 
polyandre. Flores 2 in aliis generibus constanter acrogeni, 
in aliis cladogeni, in paucis aliis nune acrogeni nunc cladogeni. 
Bractece in speciebus acrocarpicis foliis utplurimum subconformes ; 
in cladocarpicis autem seepe sat diverse, latiores, minus profunde 
divise, margine magis dentato incisove; in paucis generibus 
perianthio basi et altius adnate. Pistillidia plura, sepe sub 20, 
ad 80 usque inveniuntur, nunquam (nisi ex abortione) ad 4 sola 
redacta. Perianthia in plurimis presentia, forma varia, globosa— 
subulato-pyramidalia, nunc compresso-subplana, nunc plus minus 

TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 2R 


310 J UNGERMANIE. 


turgida et pro more angulata ; ore vel constricto, vel ab initio lato, 
hiante, integerrimo vel denticulato, ciliato, &e., perseepe lobulato. 
[In plurimis generibus perianthii anguli primarii ad carinam 
mediam anthophyllorum respondent (Hypogonianthee); in aliis 
sutura marginali anthophylorum constant (Epigonianthew). In 
Epigoniantheis solis invenimus frequenter perianthia ad angulos 
alata.] In paucis Jungermanieis perianthia omnino deficientia, in 
aliis vel cum involucro colligatum et confusum, vel incomplete 
evolutum, anthophylla 2 vel 3 parva sublibera sistens. Alia pauca 
genera (Marsupiocarpee) involucrum cum perianthio in sacculum 
carnosum pensilem concretum habent. Calyptra in plerisque 
obovata vel pyriformis, in aliis longa et angusta, in aliis globosa 
invenitur; nunc substantia pertenui nunc carnosa; aut perfecte 
libera aut (in paucis generibus) cum perianthio, vel cum recepta- 
culo, vel cum utroque, plus minus alte connata. Pedicellus ut- 
plurimum sat longus, ad maturitatem ultra perianthium alte exsertus, 
interdum brevis ; apice vix vel parum dilatatus, nunquam autem 
(ad Jubulearum instar) in apophysin tam latam et altam dilatatus 
ut capsula globosa solum ad 2 longitudinis fissa adpareat; cellulis 
alternis conflatus, in state flaccidus vel collapsus, neque (ac in 
Lejeunea) ad speciem articulatus. Capsula longitudine varia, 
spherica, ovalis, vel subcylindrica, bi-pluristrata, rarissime pro 
majore parte solum unistrata, cellulis strati intimi frequenter fibris 
semiannularibus fulcitis ; ad basin usque 4-valvis, valvule integre, 
rarius fissz, rarissime irreculariter ruptie, suturis autem basin versus 
aliquando inter se incomplete solutis; in plurimis generibus recta, 
in perpaucis spiraliter torte. lateres valde numerosi, tota facie 
capsule interna primum insidentes, capsula dehiscente omnes 
decidni ; vel pauci apicales basalesve, czeteris conformes vel diversi, 
paulo longius persistentes ; angusti, utroque fine tenuiores, tortiles, 
plerumque dispivi, interdum 38—4-spiii, casu rarissimo alii mono- 
spiri. Spore numerosissime, utplurimum preminute, in paucis 
sat magne, semper fere globose, leves vel scaberulee. 

The Jubulee seem to me equivalent to nearly all the rest of the sub- 
order Jungermaniacee. 'The structure of the capsule, and especially of 
the elaters, is unique among hepaticee. So great is their abundance and 
variety in eequatorial forests, that they constitute fully half the species of 
the entire hepatic vegetation. 

Jungermaniee are essentially distinct from Jubulew by the following 
characters. Female flowers polygynous. Pedicel not at all, or scarcely, 
dilated at the apex—never into a segment of a sphere constituting a solid 
apophysis, nearly half the height of the cavity of the capsule, asin Jubulee 


J UNGERMANIEZ. 311 


Capsule producing spores and elaters (the medial ones horizontal) on its 
entire inner surface, 4-valved down to the base (not merely to % of the 
semicircumference). Elaters dispirous—only by rare exception mono- 
spirous—deciduons, either along with the bursting of the capsule, or a few 
of them persisting a while longer. 

In the following summary of the characters of Jungermaniew I shall 
dwell mainly on those which (even where not prevalent throughout 
the tribe) help to distinguish certain of the genera from all Jubulee. 
Although a few of the genera conform to Jubulew in being distichously 
branched in only one plane, in a great many genera postical branches 
also exist, usually either shortened down to an inflorescence, g or @, or 
else bearing the rooting apparatus, along with rudimentary or obsolete 
leaves. In a few genera, postical branches alone are normally present, 
whether bearing flowers, or leaves or roots. Even antical branches are 
sometimes (but very rarely) seen. In Madula alone are the branches 
infrafoliar in insertion, as in Lejewnea ; in all other genera the lateral 
branches are axillary to the side leaves, and the postical branches to the 
under leaves, where present, or, where absent, are subtended by a tuft of 
radicles. 

Leaves very various in size, form, and insertion. In some genera 
incubous or transverse, in the great majority they are succubous. Several 
genera have opposite leaves in every species; in other genera some 
species have alternate, others opposite leaves; while in others every 
known species has alternate leaves. [But the leaves of Jubulew are 
invariably alternate ; and it is only inthe ? involucres of a limited 
number of species (chiefly of Frullania) that opposite and connate leaves 
(or bracts) are seen.] The leaves of Jungermaniew vary from broad and 
round to linear and even setaceous, from quite entire to deeply laciniate. 
Complicate leaves are typical in a few genera; but the feature which 
prevails throughout Jubulew of a conduplicate-bilobed leaf, with the 
smaller underlobe either inflated, or partially inrolled, or cucullate— 
sometimes even bell-shaped or cylindrical—is almost unknown in 
Jungermaniee except in the curious genus Lepidolena Dum. (= Polyotus 
G.) from the 8S. temperate and antarctic zones, in Pleurozia Dum. (= Phy- 
siotiwum N.) and in a few Radule. 

The under leaves go through much the same phases of form as the 
side leaves, and are sometimes, although smaller, more numerously 
divided (e.g. in Lophocolew) ; they are however more frequently altogether 
absent than in Jubulee. 

The leaf-cells show all the variations of structure found in Jubulee, 
and are sometimes much more elongate, the basal ones occasionally 
enclosing spiral or annular fibre. 

The ¢ inflorescence does not differ essentially from that of the Jubulee, 
and ranges through nearly the same limits, as to the number of the 
sexual organs, but it is often relegated to a pastical branch, such as exists 
inno Jubulee. Many genera have constantly monandrous bracts, and 
in several they are oligandrous—rarely to be called polyandrous, although 
I have seen as many as ten antheridia together in Gottschea laminigera 
Tayl. The bracts have often a supplementary lobule or incurved tooth, 
at the antical base, veiling the antheridia. Even the frondose genera 
have the antheridia usually subtended by a leafy scale. Ina few genera 
—some foliose, others frondose—the antheridia are not veiled by any 
side-leaves, but stand apart from the latter (where present) on the upper 
face of the stem, either quite naked or contained in little pits, and at 


312 J UNGERMANIES. 


first covered by the upper cell-layer of the stem, which, breaking away, 
leaves them exposed at maturity. 

The @ inflorescence is in some genera constantly acrogenous, in others 
as constantly cladogenous (quasi-lateral), and in a few genera both types 
coexist (e.g., In Radula, Cephalozia, Lophocolea, &c.). In “nearly all strictly 
cladocarpous genera, the 2) flowers are postical ; Porella, however, has 
them lateral.  Bracts in the acrocarpous species usually subconformable 
to the leaves, although often more divided ; in the cladocarpous species 
often very different : wider, either more numerously lobed or more cut 
at the margin. In a few genera the bracts—at least those of the inner- 
most whorl—are adnate to the perianth up to a greater or less height. 
The number of the 9 organs affords a notable distinction from Tubulee, 
the pistillidia being never solitary (as in Lejewnea) nor even so few as 4 
(which is the limit in Fr ullania) but always at least 5, and usually 
many more : in some species indeed as many as 70 or 80. 

The perianth, where present, corresponds to that of Jubulee in being 
formed by the marginal union of the innermost (and serotinous) whorl of 
bracts ; and, where angular, as it mostly is, the primary angles are 
usually (as in Jubulew) the medial fold (or keel) of those bracts ; but in 
certain genera the primary angles are not at the medial fold but at the 
connate edges of the bracts. In the former group (ypogonianthew), when- 
ever the angles are reduced to three, the third angle is undermost, or 
postical ; and if completely flattened, so that even that angle disappears, 
the flattening is frontal. In the latter (Hpigonianthee) the third angle 
is antical ; and where the two lateral anvles are replaced by a single 
postical angle, the perianth is flattened from the side. As a rule, it is 
only in the latter group that perianths exist with winged, or toothed keels. 

In a few genera : the perianth is entirely absent, or at least appears to 
be so. In ‘Leiomitra, Scalia, and Symphyogyna it is certainly wanting, 
and the involucral leaves are also perfectly free from the calyptra. In 
Trichocolea, Lepidolana, Schistocheila (Gottschea) &c., it is (if present) so 
closely soldered to the involucre as to be rarely distinguishable from it, 
and it is besides often adnate to the included calyptra. In Marsupella § 
Acolea the perianth is represented by 2 (or 3) small inner leaves, which 
are either quite free from each other or slightly connate, and are usually 
somewhat adnate to the involucre. In the curious pouch-fruited genera 
(of which no example is known among Jubulew) the perianth takes the 
form of a fleshy pensile sac, which in most cases buries itself in the 
earth or in soft decaying wood, but in Tylimanthus hangs among 
adjacent mosses. Several genera possess a character entirely unknown 
among Jubulew, viz, a perianth that is wide-mouthed throughout its 
existence, and therefore needs not to be ruptured for the emission of the 
capsule: such are Plagiochila, Scapania, Radula, Lophocolea, &c. The 
calyptra, as compared with the perianth, is of various lengths, being in 
some species scarcely at all shorter, but in others four times as short. 
Usually obovate, it is sometimes almost clobose; while in Radula it is 
so much elongated as to become cylindrical or clavate, as it is also in 
the gymnomitrous genera Scalia and Symphyogyna. It is very often 
narrowed at the base into a neck, so as to be pyriform or even turbinate. 
Where the perianth is absent the calyptra is fleshy, and so it is also in 
certain species of various genera provided with a perianth, although it 
may be free from both peri: ianth and receptacle. Where the receptacle, 
with the sterile pistillidia, is adnate to the calyptra, and carried up on it 
to a greater or less height, it adds one or more strata to the thickness of 


J UNGERMANIEA. 343 


the calyptra. This character of an inferior, or half-inferior calyptra 
occurring in several genera of Jungermaniee, is quite unknown in 
Jubulee. 

Pedicel of various lengths; in some genera (Porella, Ilerberta, 
Plagiochila, &c.) usually short, and very little emersed from the 
perianth, in all or most of the species; in others 60 or more cells leng, 
and varying in actual length at maturity with the state of the atmo- 
sphere, being always more ‘elongate when the weather is wet. The cells 
in contiguous longitudinal series are alternate, never opposite as In 
Lejeunea; although the pedicel of Cephalozia is of two concentric strata 
the inner of which consists of four series of cells, whose inner walls form 
a cross on the section, similar to that seen in Lejewnea. The pedicel in 
all this tribe is cylindrical at maturity, either only slightly or not at all 
enlarged at the apex; and is never, as in the Jubulew, dilated into a 
segment of a sphere, one-third the height of the whole globose capsule 
(into which it passes insensibly, and is usually considered to form an 
integral part of it). 

Capsule varying in the different genera from globose to cylindrical, 
often preserving nearly the same form and the same proportion of length 
to breadth throughout each genus. It is formed in almost every genus 
of at least two, put sometimes of several strata, whereof the outermost is 
twice (at least) the thickness of the inner strata, and consists of more 
regularly tesselate (subquadrate or subrectangular) cells. The cells of 
the innermost layer in many genera and species contain spiral fibre, 
very rarely perfect, but mostly reduced to half-rings (semi-annular) 
whose convexity is towards the axis of the capsule. In a few aberrant 
genera, of few species, the capsule is wholly (or in great part) unistratous, 
e.g., in Scalia. When ripe the capsule splits normally down to the base 
into four valves, which in a few species are again cloven, but unequally; 
rarely, and only in Fossombronia, is the dehiscence altogether irregular, 
and not (or only partly) along the valvular sutures. 

Elaters numerous—sometimes to be counted by thousands—produced 
on the whole inner surface of the capsule, usually slender and tortuous, 
narrower at each end (never truncate), and each includes two spiral fibres 
—rarely three or more—very rarely only one. When the capsule bursts, 
they mostly fall out all together, along with the spores. In some genera 
a few of the apical elaters, and in others a few of the basal ones, persist 
for some time after the bursting of the capsule, and retain a good many 
of the free elaters entangled in them, but finally fall away. These “ elater- 
holders,” as they have “been called, are usually (but not always) shorter 
and wider than the free elaters, and do not generally agree with them 
in the number of included spirals. They exist in some genera where 
they have not been noticed, as for instance in Herberta (Sendtnera). 

Spores very numerous, and usually very minute, in only a few genera 
equalling those of the Jubulew; nearly always globose. 


Subtribus I1L.—RADULEA. 


Platyphylle Nees in Syn. Hep. 252, pro p.; Jubulew N. Hep. Eur. 
EY. 
Plante pro more sat elatee, raro pusille, virides vel flavo-virentes, 


€ 


314 RADULEZ. 


emollite aquam cito flavido-tingentes, in cespites latos depressos arcte 
stratificate, vel e ramis pendulz, raro in arborum foliis vivis strato 
simplice repentes. Caules laxe pinnatim ramosi, vel ex p. (raro 
ab initio) dichotomi; rami omnes laterales, infrafoliares, folii basi 
externa contigui, vix leviter adnati. Folia magna, ‘75-3:0™™ 
longa, sat lata, alterna, incuba, integerrima vel solum angulata (in 
unica specie asiatica, autem, insigniter serrata) conduplicato-biloba, 
lobo inferiore minore plicam versus in mammillam radicelliferam 
elevato ; cellule parvee chlorophyllose plus minus opace. Foliola 
omnino nulla, nequidem ad florescentias. /7ores omnium fere dioici, 
in perpaucis paroici: 9 in unica sp. cladogeni, ramulo simplicissimo 
constantes; in ceteris acrogeni, basi innovatione singula, vel seepius 
binis oppositis suffulti. Bractee unijuge, foliis subminores, lobulo 
pro ratione majore eradicellifero, innovationi subjacenti parum 
adnate vel liber. Pistillidia 5-16. Perianthia tubseformia vel in- 
fundibulata, a fronte plus minus compressa, in aliis fere complanata, 
in perpaucis subteretia, rarissime carinata vel plicata, ore ab initio 
hiante subbilabiato et vel recte truncato vel crenato, raro 4-lobo. 
Jalyptra anguste ovalis brevicolla valida subopaca, stratis cellularurs 
tribus pertenuibus conflata. Pedicellus brevis, perianthium subdupla 
excedens, validus, cellulis 12-16 in diametro. Capsula flavida, plus 
minus elongata, plerumque ovali-cylindrica, triplo longior quam lata, 
solu in R. Gottscheana tam lata fere quam longa, ad basin usque 
4-valvis, valvulis integris bistratis ; cellule exteriores sat magne et 
altee, tesselate, pariete moniliformi-incrassato; interiores longe 
tenuiores, lineares flexuose, badiw, obscure transverse _ striolate, 
striis crebris tenuissimis obliquis, fibris semiannularibus autem ut 
videtur orbate. Hlateres prelongi tenues obtusi arcte bispiri. 
Spore magne globose minute tuberculose. Andrecia spicata, 
varie posita, plerumque in ramis terminalia; bractee 3-15-juga, 


equitantes, 1-2- (raro 3-) andre. 


IV. RADULA, Dum. emend. 


Nees Hep. Eur. IIL. 143; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 253 ; Radule § 1. 
Radulotypus Dum. Comm, Bot. 112 (a. 1823), Syll. Jungerm, 
38 (a. 1835). 

Caracter generis unici in caractere subtribus continetur. 

Hab. Ad arborum truncos ramosque, etiam ad rupes, raro in ipsa 
terra; unica species, in sylva Amazonica valde frequens, con- 


RADULA. 315 


stanter ad folia viva. Plereque planitiem et montes humiliores, 
paucze loca subalpina diligunt. 

Distr. Per orbem terrarum, in terris tropicis frequentiores. Ipse 
in sylvis Amazonicis et Andinis species 13 carpsi, quarum 8 
novas videntur. 


Radule are about equally abundant in the forest-plains of the Amazon 
and on the wooded slopes of the Andes; but are usually of different 
species, those of the plains rarely ascending the hills. Few of the 
montane species reach an altitude of 2000 metres, but two of the finest, 
f. ramulina Tayl. and Rk. Jamesoni Tayl. are-almost subalpines, growing 
sometimes up to 3000 metres. 

Radula is apparently separated by a wide interval from every other 
genus. It has one unique character, viz., the attachment of the radicles 
to the under lobe of the side leaves, and not to the under leaves, or the 
underside of the stem, asin all other hepaticze. In the branches spring- 
ing from the outer base of the leaves it agrees with Lejewnea, and with no 
other. It has also, like Lejewnea, complicate bilobed leaves, with the 
under lobe smaller than the upper; but this character it shares with 
Porella, Micropterygium and a few others. Radula flaccida, the only 
species that grows on living leaves of trees, is externally so like certain 
Lejeunee which prefer the same habitat as to be easily mistaken for a 
species of that genus, especially for one of those that have no under 
leaves ; but there the resemblance ends. In its most essential features 
it differs altogether from Leewnea ; ¢.g., in the polygynous @ flowers ; 
the macrostomous perianth ; the stout pedicel composed of 6 to 8 (not 
of only 2) concentric layers of alternate cells ; and (above all) the very 
numerous, long, slender, 2-spired deciduous elaters. 

In the European R&. complanata (Transoubat, Pyrenees) I find the 
capsule lined with a thin brown membrane down to the very base, even 
over the pedicel. This lining is of linear subflexuose brownish cells, on 
transverse section 4 or 5 times thinner than those of the outer layer, and 
there are certainly in some places 2 inner layers, both of which are apt to 
secede in fragments, although by no means so deciduous as in Porella. 
It seems elateriferous throughout, and the faint transverse strive of the 
cells are possibly the remains of an annular (or spiral) fibre. In R. ramu- 
lina (Quitenian Andes) the base of the capsule, over the pedicel-apex, is 
composed of large, pale, unequal-sided 5-6-angular cells,and is not covered 
by the continuation of the valvular lining, yet seems equally elateriferous. 


Suscenus L.—CLADORADULA. 


Flores 2 cladogeni, ramulo brevissimo simplice constantes. Capsula 
oblongo-globosa, perpaulo longior quam lata. 


1. &. Gottscheana. Elata laxe bipinnata. F. caulina ad basin fere usque 
bipartita ; lobo ovato-orbiculato ; lobulo duplo breviore, a caule 
sublibero, bifido (7.e. auricula equimagna aucto); cell. minutulis. Br. 
floris 2 lobis oblongo-lingulatis. Per. campanulata, quadrangula, 
parum compressa, ore 4-loba. 


oe LADULA. 


Supcenvus IIl.—ACRORADULA (sive RADULA typica). 


Flores Q in caule vel in ramo longiore terminales, hine vel utrinque 
innovatione suffultt. Per. elongata, plerumque valde compressa, raro (preeter 
al basin) teretia, rarissime carinis percursa. Capsula oblongo-cylindrica, 
triplo fere longior quam lata. 

A. Ramificatio ab initio dichotoma, ramulo singulo rarius hie illic 
interjecto; raro inferne subpinnata superne dichotoma. 

2. R. Cornucopie. Elata dichotoma. F. contigualonge decurrentia, lobo 
ovato-rotundo supra lobulum 3-plo breviorem triangularem inflatum 
patulo, c. parvis. Br. 2 minute, foliis 3-plo breviores. Per. cor- 
nucopieformia, teretia, ore dilatato recurvo. 

3. R. episcia. Majuscula, inferne laxe bipinnata, superne dichotoma. 
F. subimbricata late ovato-orbiculata caulem haud obvelantia, lobulo 
3-plo fere breviore rhombeo obtuso, c. minutulis. 

4. R. pallens. Mediocris, iteratim dichotoma. F. subimbricata parum 
divergentia, lobo late semicordato-oblongo rotundato, lobulo plus 
3-plo breviore subrhombeo obtusato, ¢. parvis. Br. foliis duplo 
minores. Per. tubeeformia recta subplana, basi sensim angustata, ore 
truncato brevissime 4-lobo crenulato. 

5. R. pseudostachya. Rigida parce subdichotoma, ramis e foliis superiori- 
bus semideciduis apice spurie spicatis. F’. opaca fragilia, lobo falcato- 
oblongo, inferne eum lobulo duplo breviore ovato-trapeziformi in 
saceulum complicato, supra lobulum valde divergente. Br. foliis 
eequimagne, 

6. Rk. pusillé. Tenuis, nisi pro caulis apice furcato, flore 9 in furca, 
seepe subsimplex. F. subimbricata, lobo oblongo-rotundo supra 
plicam late divergente, lobulo plus duplo breviore trapezoideo sub- 
acuto, ¢. parvulis convexulis. Br. Q foliis subequilonge. Per. 
tubseformia compressa subincurva, ore lato crenulato. 


B. Ramificatio magis minusve regulariter pinnata, ranvis autem persacpe 
sub flore 9 furcatis. 

R. flaccida. Tenella pinnata et bipinnata. F. subimbricata, subrecte 
complicata, lobo late ovato-oblongo rotundato subtruncatove, lobulo 
3-plo breviore rhombeo apice vario, interdum subacuminato, ec. 
parvis. Br. foliis breviores multo angustiores, Per. seepius pra- 
longa subclavata, ore 4-crenato, in var. breviora subcampanulata. 

8. Rk. wmazonica. Majuscula primum pinnata vel bipinnata.  F. 
imbricata subplana, lobo late oblongo rotundato supra lobulum 
rhombeum subacutum vix triplo breviorem falcato-divaricato, cellulis 
parvis. Br. foliis conformes. Per. a basi obconica lato-linearia com- 
presso-plana, ore bilabiato crenulato vel breviter 4-lobulato.—Var. 
Negrensis. Elata arctius pinnata, ramis @  brevibus, innovatione 
plerumque unilateralii—Var. Campanensis. Subbipinnata. F. 
utraque basi cordata. Per. breviora albida. 

R. riparia. Flata pallida. F. subimbricata patentissima ad plicam 


is | 


ue 
decurrentia, lobo semicordato-subrotundo basi caulem transeunte, 


lobulo 3-plo breviore subplano rotundo-rhombeo obtusato, ¢, parvis. 
Br. foliis subconformes. Per. clavata compressula basi longe 
attenuata, ore repando. 

10. R. Jamesoni. Elata Jaxe pinnata et bipinnata, F. contigua magna, 
lobo late semicordato-ovato basi antica caulem latissime superante, 


RADULA. By 


lobulo 2-3-plo breviore rhombeo, apice (interdum elongato) retuso 
vel obsolete 2-3-fido. Per... ... 

ll. R. ramulina. Elata flaccida flavida albicansve crebre pinnata et 
bipinnata, ramulis seepe brevibus microphyllis. F. magna subcon- 
tigua patentissima, basi cordata caulem utrinque latissime transeuntia, 
lobo oblique oblongo rotundato, lobulo vix duplo minore semicordato- 
rhombeo, medio margine externo apiculato, ¢. parvis.. Br. foliis 
duplo minores erectze appresse, lobis oblongis. Per. alte emersa 
aurantiaca compresso-clavata, ore repandulo. 

12. R. viridi—aurea. Majuscula tenera flaccida laxe pinnulata. F. late 
imbricata patulo-devexa, lobo semicordato-ovato-rotundo, basi 
caulem transeunte, lobulo 3-plo  breviore semicordato-rotundo 
caulem parum superante, c. parvulis. Per...... 

13. R. involvens. Elata flaccida rufo-badia laxe pinnata. F. subim- 
bricata supra basin turgide complicatam falcato-divergentia, facie 
papulosa, lobo semicordato-ovato-oblongo rotundato, basi caulem 
obvelante dimidio supero involuto, lobulo subtriplo breviore 
trapezoideo sepe bis implicato, cellulis parvis opacis, trigonis 
angularibus pellucidis. 


1, RApuLA GorrscHEANA Tayl. (Tab. XT.) 


Lond. Journ. (1846) ; Syn. Hep. 724, 


Hab, Andes Quitenses, alt. 1200™, ad arborum truncos ramosque in sylva 
Canelos et monte Chimborazo (fertilis) ; in arbuscularum ramulis ad 
S. Gabriel fluvii Negro (sterilis): R. 8. a. 1852-1860; ad fluvium 
Sabanilla prope Loja (Masser, 1869). Ins. San Domingo (hb. 
Dickson). 


F 16X13, 131-25, lob ‘85-65, f. ramulina -6 x *35, ¢ ay; br. lobus an. 
13x55 per 270x171; cal 1°35x°8 ; caps 1:0 x :75™™, 

Ceespites magni virescentes, inferne flavo-badii. Caules 6-9-pollicares, 
rufo-badii, laxe bipinnati, basi denudata sola matrici adfixi, dein 
recurvi subpenduli. 

Folia contigua, basi ipsa subimbricata, subdivergentia, caulina ad basin 
fere usque bipartita; lobus caule breviuscule incurrens, oblique 
ovato-orbiculatus repandus planus ; lobulus duplo brevior, a caule 
subliber, carina perbrevi decurrente cum lobo connatus, ovatus, 
caulem oblique transiens, basi externa in auriculam equimagnam 
reniformem recurvo-crispam, angulo subrecto extantem, dilatatus ; 
cellulee minutulee, ad angulos incrassatee, ambitu interiore lineam 
duplicem 6-sinuatam monstrantes. F.ramea paulo minora, minus 
profunde fissa, carina longiore, lobulo basi brevius auriculato ; ramu- 
lina triplo fere minora, oblonga, falcata, basi cum lobulo exauriculato 
in sacculum triangularem complicata. 

Flores dioici: @ in ramo perbrevi decurvo terminales, innovatione 
nulla suffulti. Foliarami 9 bi-trijuga; omnia pro bracteis habenda, 
intima appressa, ad ? biloba, complicata, lobis oblongo-lingulatis 
rhomboideisve, postico duplo fere breviore. 

Periatithia foliis caulinis paulo longiora, campanulata vel urceolata, 
parum compressa, ore hiante ad 4 longit. 4-loba, lobis crenatis crispis 
sepe recurvulis. Adveniunt quoque perianthia ad basin fere usque 
quadriloba, lobis duobus posticis subangustioribus; alia minus pro- 
funde fissa, angulis 4 (aliis vel omnibus cristatis) percursa. Calyptra 


= 


=perianthii $, turbinata, firma, demum apice disrupta. Capsula 
TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 28 


318 RADULA. 


perpaulo minor, oblongo-globosa, ad basin usque quadrivalvis. 
Elateres preelongi torti bispiri, utrinque obtusi. Spore magne, 
elateres diametro quadruplo excedentes, globose lzeves. 

Obs. The abnormal, quadrangular and quadrifid perianths, plainly 
show that organ to originate in two bilobed leaves. Where the sutures 
are cristate, it arises from the lobes being accrete, not exactly by their , 
edges, but with the edge of the one projecting a little beyond that of the 
other as a salient wing, or crest. 

In the Rio Negro plant the leaves slightly overpass the stem at the 
antical base, in that from the Andes they barely cover it, and that is the 
only tangible difference. 


2. Raputa CornucorL® Spruce. 


Hab. in montis Chimborazo devexis sylvaticis, alt. 1200™, e ramulis 
pendula. 

F 1:8 x 2°6, 2°0 x 2°5; lob -7 x 6; c Js; br 6-7; per 3°8Xx°6 (medio) X11 
{ore); caps 1-5 x °55™™, 

Elata rufo-badia, superne flavo-viridis. Caules 4-6- pollieares flacecidi, bis 
terve dichotomi, raro ramum alternum unum alterumve proferentes. 

Folia basi sola contigua, ad plicam longe anguste deeurrentia, supra 
lobuli sinum abrupte patula, oblique ovato-rotunda repandula; 
Jobulus, subtriplo minor oblique triangularis supra caulem alte 
incurrens et cum lobo saeculum dimidiato-infundibaliformem 
efformans, apice libero rotundatus, margine interno late incurvus; 
cellule parvee eequilaterae valde opacze. 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales, innevationibus oppesitis—raro una sola— 
suffulti. Bractea minute, foliis triplo breviores, lebis oblongis, 
inferiore duplo minore. 

Perianthia foliis duplo longiora, angusta, incurva, tubzeformia—potius 
forma fere cornucopiz, sc. e tubo longo clavato (pertecte tereti, nec 
compyesso) apice in limbum duplo latiorem recurvum undulatum 
(subinde hine emarginatum) dilatata. Capsula cylindrico-oblonga 
perianthio 24-plo brevior, in pedicello brevi exserta. 

Folia basi antica lata, haud vero semicordata, caulis dimidiam latitu- 
dinem solum velantia, media basi longe decurrentia, exinde utrinque 
supra caulem alte incurrentia, sacculum basalem semiobconicum effi- 
cientia. 


3. RADULA EPIScIA Spruce. 


Hab. ad fiuvium Pastasa Andium Quitensium, in rupibus umbrosis 
humectatis ad fl. Verde ostia, alt. 1400, etiam in spelunca Sicsi- 
huaico dicta, alt. 1800™. 

F 15 x 1-5, lob 55 x °55, ¢ gy. 

Majuscula flavo-viridis, denique subolivacea, prostrata. Caules 3-pollicares 
Jaxe bipinnati, apice subdichotomi; rami rubri flexuosi, inferiores 
prelongi. 

Folia contigua vel subdissita, late patula, complicato-biloba ; carina 
subrecté, angulo axillari sub 70°, ipsa basi subdecurrente; lobus 
oblique late ovato-orbiculatus subconcavus, caulem haud obtegens ; 
Jobulus triplo fere brevior planiusculus subrhombeus obtusangulus 
et (idem ace lobus) in caule alte incurrens; cellule minutule 
aequilatere leptodermes opacissimze.—Flores nullos invenire potul. 


RADULA. 319 


Var. opaciuscula S. Differt cellulis certe majoribus minus opacis, endo- 
chromio annulari. Folia olivacea, superiora flavida, oblique orbicu- 
lata, carina subconcava, lobulo plus triplo breviore rhombeo obtuso 
plano v. incurvulo.—F. 1°25 x 1:25, lobulus °35 x °35, ¢ gh™™. Hab. 
Andes Peruvianos in monte Campana. 


4. RADULA PALLENS (Sw.). 


Jungermania pallens Sw. Prodr. Fl. Ind. occ. 143. Radula pallens 
(Sw.) Nees, Syn. Hep. 256. 

Hab. in arborum cortice, ad fi. Amazonum ostia, loco Tauat; in Andium 
radicibus ad rivulum Marona-yacu prope Tarapoto,,necnon in 
monte Campana. Per Americam tropicam, in insulis Caribeis 
precipue, vulgata videretur. 

F 14x10, lobulus 4x 4; ¢ 35; br “75; per 30x10; cal 23x °8; caps. 
valvule 1°25 x -25™™, 

Mediocris, raro elata, flavo-viridis strato tenui creseens. Caulis 1-3-pol- 
licaris iteratim dichotomus. 

Folia subimbricata, parum divergentia, complicata, plici concava 
(sursum arcuante) basi anguste subdecurrente; lobus late oblique 
oblongus rotundatus repandus, basi subsemicordata caulem vix 
obtegens ; lobulus plus triplo brevior subrhombeus obtusatus subin- 
curvus ; cellule parvee prominule subopacze leptodermes. 

Flores dioici: Q dichotomiales. Bracteze foliis subduplo minores, 
lobulo apice magis protracto. 

Perianthia foliis plus duplo longiora, tubzeformia, recta, fere plana, basi 
sensim Jongiuscule angustata, ore truncato brevissime 4-loba, 
erenulata. Calyptra magna (= perianthii ?) longe pyriformis, basi 
attenuata, apice in lobos 3 breves inequales fissa. Pedicellus 
perianthio vix duplo longior, apice subincrassatus. Capsula longe 
oblonga; valvulze lineares obtusata, evacuate suberectee marginibus 
recurvis. 

Planta ¢ tenuior; andrcecia in ramis terminalia, tenuia julacea, bracteis 
6—jugis. 

Exemplaria ex insula Dominica, a cl. MontTAGNE sub nom. RF. pallens 
Sw. communicata, cum meis perfecte congruunt. Frustula ex ipso 
Swartzio, in Jamaica lecta, examinavi, que specifice diversa videntur, 
foliis majoribus, lobo suborbiculato. 


5. RaDULA PSEUDOSTACHYA Spruce. 


Hab. ad arborum ramulos in sylvis fl. Negro juxta S. Carlos. 

F 9x6 (supra lobulum) x ‘75 ab ipsa lobuli basi; ¢ As™™. 

Flavida arcte intricata depressa. Caules 1-14-pollicares, rigidi, basi 
repente ex p. denudati, superne a matrice liberi, parce et subdicho- 
tome ramosi; alii rami elongati, e foliis medio. disruptis (ad 
sacculnm basalem redactis) spicam masculam fingentes. 

Folia opaca fragilia convexa arcte imbricata, caulem antice vix obtegentia, 
postice cum lobulo duplo breviore ovato-trapeziformi (basi sub- 
longitudinali alte imeurrente inserto, apice brevi obtuso) dimidio 
infero in sacculum compressum complicata; plica convexa primum e 
caule angulo recto exiente, demde abrupte suboblique ascendente, ad 
carinam inflatam rhizophora; lobus falcato-oblon¢us supra lobulum 


320 RADULA. 


divergens, basi apiceque rotundatus; cellule minutule, ambitu 
late opacze, pariete ad angulos parum incrassato. 

Flores dioici: 2 seepius dichotomiales. Bracteze foliis vequales, suberectee, 
plica concava, lobis oblique oblongis, inferiore vix duplo breviore. 
Pistillidia pauca (5). 

Species distinctissima cujus flores invenire non potul. 


6. RADULA PUSILLA Spruce. 


Hab. ad radices Andium Quitensium juxta fl. Bombonasa, in cortice. 

F °85 x °6 (x ‘8 ab usa bast), lobulus °35 x 25; ¢ Ay; per 24x -9™™, 

Pusilla pallide viridis, strato tenui effusa. Caules pollicares subsimplices, 
apice florifero trifidi, sc. Imnovationes duas breves oppositas sub 
flore 2 proferentes; ceeteri rami (quando adsint) seepe florem @, 
cum innovatione unilaterali, gerentes. 

Folia subimbricata, basi ultra 4 alt. acute complicata, carinaé recta 
angulo 45° ascendentia, dein angulo 90° fere & caule divergentia ; 
lobus oblongo-rotundus; lobulus plus duplo brevior trapezoideus 
subacutus, cauli alte adnatus, margine interno cum carina angulum 
rectum formante; cellule parvee subsequilateree opacee prominule 
(unde folia celluloso-crenulata evadunt). 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales, innovatione suffulti; bracteze suberectie, 
foluis subzequales, lobulo paulo majore rotundato. 

Perianthia tubseformia (juniora subintundibuliformia) subincurva com- 
pressa, ore lato 6—7-crenulato. 

R. tenella Gottsche (Mex Leverm. p. 149, ad pedem), insula Trinidad 

a Criiger lecta, differt foliis ovatis, lobulis quadratis. 


7. RapuLA FLACCIDA Ldng. et G. ? 


Syn. Hep. 726 ; Gottsche, Mex. Leverm. 148 ?—Radula folvicola 
Spruce Mst. 

Hab. in sylva Amazonica ubique ad arborum folia viva, interdum ad 
herbas nobiliores (Marante, Caladii, &c. species), necnon in 
filicibus. In Andibus infra 600™ alt. desinit. : 

F 75x ‘65, °75x ‘75, 8x10, lob 2-3, ¢ Ay; br 6-7; per 2Cx'5, 
5°5 x “6mm, 

Tenella, viridis, strato simplice matrici arcte adrepens. Caules $-1 
poll. longi, pinnatim ramosi, ¢ cum @ spe intertexti. 

Folia subimbricata, plana, in sieco plerumque recurvo-assurgentia, late 
oblique ovato-oblonga rotundata, subtruneata, vel subretusa, basi 
antica subsemicordata, postica decurrentia, latitudine in infima basi 
longitudinem interdum superante, ad 4 altitudinis subrecte com- 
plicata ; lobulus subtriplo brevior, rhombeus, subplanus, ad mam- 
millam radicelliferam (plicee contiguam) convexus, raro conico- 
prominulus, apice acutus obtususve, subinde elongatus et suba- 
cuminatus ; cellule subopace, medize parvee, submarginales fere 
minute. 

Flores dioici: @ terminales, innovationibus duabus oppositis, raro una 
sola, suffulti. Bracteze 2, foliis breviores, multo angustiores, erecta, 
lobis rhomboideo-ligulatis, antico apice rotundato, postico $ breviore 
seeplus acuto. 

Perianthia bracteas 3—-4-plo superantia, anguste tubeeformia vel clavata, 
inferne fere teretia, superne compressula, ore subbilabiata 4—crenata ; 


RADULA. 321 


juniora elongato-campanulata, rarissime inveniuntur perfecte matura 
eddem forma. Calyptra claveeformis. Capsula oblongo-cylindrica. 

Andreecia in ramis terminalia teretia; bracteze 3-15-juge, equitantes 
concave subequilobe. 

Var. brachycalyx. Forma pulchra flavida bipinnata. Folia caulina valde 
recurvo-assurgentia, minus opaca. Perianthia brevia, lata, anguste 
obconica poculeformiave, aliis paucis autem normali longitudine 
immixtis. 

This is the only Radula which grows uniformly and solely on living 
leaves, whether of trees and shrubs or of robust perennial herbs, such as 
Aroids and Marants, or of ferns, It abounds throughout the Amazonian 
plain, from Para to the sources of the Negro and Orinoco, and to west- 
ward it ceases in the first undulations of the Andes, at Tarapoto in Peru 
and on the river Bombonasa in Ecuador: that is, below 2000 Eng. ft. If 
any described species, it can only be the Mexican R, flaccida L. et G., 
which grows on leaves of “ Psychotrie cujusdam,” and therefore in a warm 
climate, for no Pyschotria ascends the mountains. The leaves of R. 
flaccida, however, are said by Gottsche to be twice as long as broad (+ x 
4 lin., $ x } lin.) and to be merely obtuse, whereas our plant has them 
nearly, or quite, as broad as long, and occasionally the breadth at the 
very base is greater than the length, while the apex is widely rounded or 
subtruncate. These differences rendering its indentification with the 
Mexican plant doubtful, I have called it in my Mst. R. folvicola. 

I gathered specimens in perfect state in a vast number of localities, but 
after sedulously comparing them, I must reduce them all to a single 
species, which varies mainly in the length of the perianths and of the 
male spikes. When young the perianth is narrow-campanulate, but 
rarely preserves that form at maturity, and usually lengthens out until 
it assumes the shape of a trumpet or club, 3 or 4 times as long as broad. 
Where a great majority of the perianths stop considerably short of the 
normal elongation, we have the rare variety brachycalyx, which, however, 
differs in no other respect from the typical form. The ¢ spikes vary 
greatly in length, even on the same plant, and I have seen them with as 
many as 15 pairs of bracts, but never with fewer than 3 pairs. Parallel 
differences are observable in several other Radulw, and the length of the 
verianths, or of the ¢ spikes can never be relied on as aspecific distinction 
ntil the limits of its variation have been accurately ascertained.* 


8. RapuLta AMAZONICA Spruce. 


Hab. per sylvam Amazonicam ad arbores saxaque frequens. Caripi, prope 
Para, ad rupes maritimas. San Carlos, aliisque locis secus fl. Negro, 
in cortice. Ad fl. Orinoco supra cataractas, in cortice. 


F lobus 1°3 x 1°15, lobulus 5 K 5; c. yk 3 per 2°8 & 1:1™™, 
Fulvo-viridis, in plagas latas effusa. Caules circiter bipollicares, implexi, 
subflexuosi, laxe pinnati, pro more apice semel vel iteratim 


dichotomi ; rami inferiores breves simplices, rarius innovando- 
tioriferi. : 


* Ad fl. Bombonasa, in filicis fronde, Radule specimina prepauca legi, forsan 
ad R. tenellam G. Mex. Leverm. 149 referenda. . Pusilla viridissima fragilis. 
Folia haud recte complicata, lobo autem a plicwe apice plus minus divergente ; 
lobulo mammilla prealta conica instructo. Perianthia tenuia, ore crenata, 
longitudine varia. 


322 RADULA. 


Folia ad } lat. usque imbricata, supra lobulum divaricata, subplana, a 
basi (semicordata caulem transeunte) ultra $ complicata angulo 
plicam inter et caulem 45°-60°; lobus late oblongus, subfalcatus 
rotundatus repandulus ; lobulus triplo fere brevior, subrhombeus 
obtusus vel subacutus, planus, subappressus, solum ad carinam parur 
inflatus, basi in caule alte incurrens; cellule parvee conformes 
subeequilatero-hexagonee leptodermes convexulie, ambitu ex endoch- 
romio late opacze, solum in centro pellucidze——Mammilla radicellifera 
ad medium lobulum, juxta carinam, posita, humiliuscula. 

Flores dioici: 2 in dichotomiis. etiam in ramis monotropice innovandis 
quasi-laterales. Bractez foliis conformes, nisi pro lobulo longiore 
dimidium lobum zquante. 

Perianthia flavida foliis duplo longiora, subrecta, a basi brevi obconica 
lato-linearia, compressa, ore truncato bilabiata et vel repando-sub- 
crenulata Vel utraque facie medio breviter fissa exindeque 4-lobulata. 

Andrecia medio caule ramove posita, foliis consecutiva, vel ramulum 
totum sistentia ; bracteze sub 5-jugee, foliis vix minores, erectiores, 
dimidio inferiore sacculum oblongum erectum constantes, lobulo 
dimidium lobum superante apice ovato-rotundato. 

Var. Negrensis S. Major, 3-4-pollicaris flavida fulvave. Caules 
arctiuscule pinnati, raro subbipinnati; rami breves, medio (ad 
speciem) florem 9% gerentes, revera apice floriferi, innovatione recte 
continua prolongati. Hab. ad San Carlos del Rio Negro. 

Var. Campanensis S. Subbipinnata. Folia utraque basi cordata. 
Perianthia albida subbreviora, ore brevissime 4—5-loba et crenulata. 
Hab. M. Campana, in cortice, alt. 1200™. 

Obs. This is the commonest corticolous species of the Amazonian 
plain, yet I can nowhere find it described. The Mexican R. subinflata 
of Lindenberg and Gottsche seems the nearest, and many of its characters 
are the same; yet nothing is said of the strongly divaricate leaves—a 
marked feature of our species, distinguishing it from all other South 
American ones except ER. pseudostachya, nor are the perianths said to be 
compressed, whereas our plant has them much flattened, and (the short 
obconic base excepted) of equal breadth throughout, so as to be ligulate, 
or broadly linear, in outline. The lobule is slightly bullate at the root- 
bearing mammilla, but not so much so as in some other species, described 
in Syn. Hep., where it is not considered worthy of mention. 

Radula amazonica grows throughout the Amazon Valley, from the 
mouth of the Amazon to the cataracts of the Orinoco on the north, and 
on the south-west ascends the Peruvian Andes to about 4000 feet on Mt. 
Campana. It grows always on the bark of trees, whereas its near ally, 
R. riparia, grows on shady rocks by streams ; and R. flaccida Lind. et G. 
always on living leaves, whether of trees and shrubs, or of palms, or of 
perennial herbs and ferns. v. +f 

The variety Campanensis looks distinct, from the whitish perianths, but 
I can find no good character to separate it from the type. 


9, RADULA RIPARIA Spruce. 
Hub. Tarapoto Andium Peruviz, ad rapes umbrosas in rivuli ripis. 
F16 x 12,14 x 1°25, lobulus ‘5 x 5; ¢ dys per 30 x “75mm, 
Elata pallide flava snbstratificata. Caules 3-pollicares ineequaliter 


vjinnati, ramis 9 furcatis. 
Folia subimbricata--ramorum  sterilium  subdissita—patentissima vel 


RADULA. a2 


subdivergentia, a basi ad 4 alt. integra et complicata, plica concava 
decurrente (f. rameorum preecipue), dein biloba ; lobus late semi- 
cordato-oblongus vel subrotundus, basi caulem transiens, apice 
rotundato angulato-repandus ; lobulus rotundo-rhombeus subplanus, 
caule alte incurrens, obtusatus vel late retusus ; cellule parve 
equilaterze leptodermes opacee convexulz. 

Flores dioici: 2 dichotomiales ; bractez foliis perpaulo minores, vix 
diversze, patulze, 

Perianthia foliis duplo longiora, clavata vel anguste infundibuliformia, 
compressula, basi sensim longe attenuata, apice incurvulo repando- 
truncata. 

Planta mascula subbipinnata. Amenta vel ramulum totum vel ejus 
apicem mediumve solum tenentia, julacea ; bracteze 5-10-jugee, foliis 
duplo minores, a basi ultra medium erectz saceatze, apice oblongo- 
rotundo angulato vel subdenticulato patule ; lobulus vix duplo 
brevior rhomboideus obtusus. 

A. R. amazonica 8. differt foliis rotundioribus, ad carinam magis decur- 
rentibus, pracipue autem perianthio elongato basique longius attennato. 

R. subinflata Ldng. et G. lobulum habet inflatum acutum. 


10. RapuLta JAMESONI TayL 
Lond. Journ. Bot. (1846) p. 374. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, prope Pallatanga, ad truncos saxaque, alt. 2200™ ; 
M. Pichincha, terrestris in sylvis ad aggeres umbrosos, alt. 3000™. 
In arborum truncis montis Cayambe, alt. 3900" primum legit 
W. JAMESON. 

F. lobus 3°0x2°1, 1°8x1°7; lobulus °8 x “75, -7x°5; carina *8; c 3; dr. 
Ciiomae ; 

Elata czspitosa pallide flava flaccida. Caules 3-4-pollicares rubri, 
inferne nigrescentes, laxe pinnati et bipinnati. 

Folia contigua vel subimbricata, basi sola pro more obtecta, a basi com- 
plicato-saccata, carina subrecté angulum 45°-60° cum caule formante, 
in lobum magnum late semicordato-ovatum, auricula baseos caulem 
latissime transeunte, apice decurvo rotundatum, dilatata; lobulus 

_ 2-3-plo brevior, rhombeus, ad insertionem caule alte incurrens, 

* margine interno retusus vel obsolete 2~3-fidus, subplanus ; cellule 

-  -parvee eequilaterze leptodermes subpellucidee. 

Flores dioici: amenta ¢ tenuia julacea, ad ramos lateralia, folio 
collaterali subduplo longiora; bracteze 4-5-jugze, foliis multo 
minores, equitantes, a basi supra medium in sacculum cylindricum 
erectum conflate, deinde bilob, lobis oblongis, antico patulo, 
postico breviore erecto, Antheridia binata magna globosa, fila- 
mento longiore tenui arcuato suffulta. 

Lobulus foliorum rameorum. semicordato-rhombeus, caulinorum saepe 
apice magis protractus et lingueeformis. 


11, RADULA RAMULINA Tayl. 


Hab. Lond. Journ. Bot. (1846) ; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. p. 726. Andes 
Quitenses, regione sylvestri haud infrequens. M. Tunguraqua et fl. 
Pastasa, in terra inter fruticulos lichenesque, vel ad fruticum ramos, 
Bajos, in saxis umbrosis: pl. 2? fertilis. M. Cayambe, et M. 


324 tADULA. 


Pichincha, ad ramos, a cl. JAMESON priusquam lecta. Chuquiribamba 
prope Loja (G. E. MAssEr). 

F. lobus 3°0 x 2°3, lobulus 16 x 1:3, 2°00 x 14; ¢ 3h; ff ramulina 
*6—4™™ Jonga; br. 1-4; per 4:5 x 1°6™™; caps 2:25™™ longa. 

Elata czespitoso-stratificata pallide flava albicansve flaccida. Caules 
3-pollicares crebre pinnati, interdum bipinnati, ramis ramulisque 
pro more brevissimis parvifoliis., 

Folia subcontigua magna patentissima, basi brevi inserta, ultra dimidium 
biloba, complicata, utraque basi profunde cordata; carina subrecta 
angulo 60°-80° e caule extans; lobus oblique oblongus vel sub- 
obovatus—aliquando subrhomboideus—rotundatus, basi antica in 
auriculam faleato-semicircularem, caulem latissime transeuntem 
dilatatus, repandus; lobulus duplo (vel solum dimidio) minor, 
semicordato-rhombeus, obtusus subacutusve, auriculé basali latis- - 
sima caulem utrinque transeunte, medium versus apiculo lobulove 
aucta, ad carinam seepissime anguste alte inflatus, caeteroquin sub- 
appressus; cellule parve eequilateree convexule leptodermes, 
annulo angusto opaco cinctee.—Folia ramea caulinis 2-3-plo, ramu- 
lina 5-8-plo minora, imbricata, lobulo semicordato-quadrato magis 
inflato. 

Flores dioici: 9 in caule ramisque terminales, innovationibus duabus 
oppositis (raro una sola) suffulti. Bractez foliis caulinis duplo 
minores, perianthio appresse, ad } bifida, lobis oblongis, superiore 
rotundato, inferiore dimidio minore acuto. 

Perianthia alte emersa, bracteas triplo superantia, auwrantiaca, apice 
pallidiora, clavata vel clavato-poculeformia, compressa, ore truncato 
repandula. Calyptra magna=perianthii 3, anguste pyriformis. 
Pedicellus perianthio vix duplo longior. Capsula perianthio duplo 
brevior, rubra, cylindrico-oblonga, ad basin usque 4-valvis; valvulee 
siccando suberectee, marginibus recurvis. 

Andreecia ramo ramulove constantia, julacea; bracteze sub 6-juge, 
parvee, dimidio inferiore cauli adnatee et saccatee, deinde bilobe, lobo 
antico paulo majore falcato-oblongo rotundato, lobulo erecto. 

Obs. Perianthia pro more pulchre aurantiaca, in stirpe Banensi 
interdum virescertia, pralonga, inferne tenuiora; in Lojensi albida, 
latiora, elongato-campanulata tere appellanda. 


"12, RADULA VIRIDI-AUREA Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad pedem montis Tunguragua, juxta pagum 
Baiios, in cortice. 

F 17 x 1:5; lobulus’6 X ‘9; ¢ zy™. 

Majuscula prostrata, viridi-aurea-flavicansve, tenera flaccida, Caules 3- 
pollicares laxe pinnulati, raro etiam vage divisi. 

Folia confertiuscwa, ad dimidiam latitudinem imbricata, sepe margine 
eonidiis deformata, patulo-devexa, inferne complicata, carina plicave 
fere horizontali (angulo axillari 80°) recta, medio tumidula ; lobus 
oblique semicordato-ovato-rotundus, basi antica ‘aulem transiens ; 
lobulus lobo subtriplo brevior semicordato-rotundus, basi haud alte 
ineurrens, caulem perpaulo transiens ; cellule parvule equilaterse 
leptodermes opacie. 

Flores invenire non potul. ; 

A. R. Xalapensi Mont. et R. subinflata L, et G. facile distincta, f. 


RADULA. 3 


bo 


5 


quadrata Gottsch. et R. afinis L. et G., quoad colorem et texturam nostree 
sat similes, lobulo subquadrato distant. 


13. RADULA INVOLVENS, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in sylva Canelos, ex arboribus pendula vel super 
Plagiochilas reptans. 

F.1:25 x °9, lobulus -4—5 ; c¢ Ay™™. 

Elata flaccida rufo-badia. Caules tripollicares purpurascentes flexuosi 
laxepinnati, pinnis brevibus. 

Folia subimbricata, a basi turgid& (ad carinam arcuatam ascendente) 
faleato-divergentia; lobus oblique semicordato-ovato-oblongus ro- 
tundatus (sublingueformis), basi caulem obvelans, dimidio supero 
valide involutus, margine angulato-repando, facie subpapulosa ; 
lobulus triplo fere brevior trapezoideus, apice valde obtusangulus, 
seepe bis implicatus, carinam versus alte mammillatus radicellasque 
in fascias duas divergentes colligatas proferens; cellule parve 


convex valde opacee, trigonis autem magnis pellucidisad cellularam 
angulos interpositis. 
Ceetera haud visa. 


R. amazonice proxima, distincta tamen foliis ovato-lingueformibus 


involutis asperulis; lobulo haud quilatero, ejus angulo apicali 
preelato. 


Subtribus I]. PORELLEZ. 
Platyphylle Nees. Hep. Eur. pro parte. 


Plante elate speciose, virides, flavide badizve, interdum 
polite, czespitoso-erectee-penduleve, vel procumbentes et stratificatee. 
Caules e caudice repente radicelloso, in etate dissoluto, oriundi, 
robusti, cellulis sub 12-stratis (24 c. in diametro) conflati, subarhizi, 
plumeeformi-pinnati et bipinnati; rami omnes laterales, e folu axilla 
orti, basi tam lobo quam lobulo contigui iisdemque velati. olia 
magna, alterna vel per paria approximata, incuba, basi fere 
transversa inserta, complicato-bipartita, ad sinum nuda vel spe 
appendiculo deorsum spectante, integro vel fisso, aucta; lobus 
anticus major, patens, subovatus, apice lato integerrimus raro 
dentatus ; lobulus subduplo brevior suberectus ligulatus (late 
linearis) integerrimus vel dentatus, basi externa in aliis speciebus 
in caule longe lateque decurrens, ibidemque profunde incisus et 
erispatus ; cellule 4—,7™, sepius suboblongo-hexagone, ad 
angulos incrassate, inferiores interdum majores et discolores. 
Foliola ubique presentia, lobulis subconformia, pro m. paulo latiora, 
apice integra, basi integra vel utrinque ad lobulorum instar in 
cristam decurrentia, unde caulis in tergo ad speciem alatus vel 


squamosus evadit. lores omnium dioici: 2 cladogeni, ramulo 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 27T 


326 PORELLEA. 


perbrevi constantes, Lractece bijuge, raro plures, bilobe, foliis 
acutiores, margine semper ciliate denticulateeve ; bracteola apice 
integra vel subbifida. Perianthia emersa subovalia, a fronte com- 
pressula, preter ad basin leptodermia, sectione trigona, carinulis 
autem utraque facie sepe adjectis, ore primum subconstricto demum 
hiante sgpeque bilabiato, 10—20-laciniato. Calyptra plus duplo 
brevior, supera, globosa brevicolla carnosa (in’ P. ptilopst basi 
8-10c., superne 5c. crassa; in P. platyphylla inferne 4-, apicem 
versus 2-strata, cellulis minutissimis), basi pistillidiis sterilibus 
7-30 circumdata, apice demum bivalvis. Pedicellus brevis, peri- 
anthio solum duplo longior, validus, cellulis alternis 12-20 in 
diametro, apice subdilatato interdum ad 24c. latus. Capsula magna 
rufula globosa, ad basin usque 4-valvis; valvulee fissiles, demum 
pro more inequaliter trilobz, raro tota longitudine inter se dis- 
junctee, basi autem et paulo altius ad suturas integree. Cellulee 
exothecii sat magne et alta, 4-8-gone, superiores tam late quam 
long, inferiores oblong (subrectangulares), omnes columnis 
validis rubrofuscis ad angulos fulcite. Endothecium tenue, facile 
(seepe pedetentim) secedens, cellulis parvis, irregularibus, fibra 
pertenui inclusa obscure reticulatis vel plane vacuis, aliarum 
specierum 2—4-stratis, aliarum solum 1-stratis, conflatum. lateres 
numerosissimi breviusculi tenues 2-3-spini decidui. Sporce magnee, 
elateribus 3-5-plo  latiores, subglobose, asperule.  <Andrecia 
brevispica julacea, ramum totum vel ejus apicem solum tenentia; 
bractee confertee opposite, mediante bracteola cum  contrariis 
connate, turgiie, subinequilobee; antheridia constanter solitaria 
magna ovali-globosa stipitata. 


V. PORELLA, Dill. Hist. Muse. (1741). 
Lindberg, Utredning af Skadinaviens Porella-former (1869). 
Madotheca Dum, Comm. bot. (1823); G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 
(1844). 
Genus ad diem unicum, 

Hab, In sylvis montanis ad arborum truncos et ramos, necnon ad 
saxa, raro in terra inter fruticulos. 

Distr. Inter tropicos magis abundant species; in zona temperata 
boreali haud infrequentes ; ultra tropicum Capricorni autem 
multo varius eveniunt. In Andibus species sub 8, cum pluribus 
varietatibus, legi ; infra 600 metr. alt. autem et in tota planitie 
Amazonica nullam invenire potut. 


w 


PORELLA. PME 


Porella, placed by Nees and others in the same subdivision of the 
order as Radule, has really very few characters in common with it that 
are not shared also by several other genera. The only species of 
Radula that approaches it is R. Gottscheana, by the cladogenous ¢ flowers 
and the short capsule; while every other species is acranthous and has 
subcylindrical capsules three times as long as broad. Porella, however, 
differs from all Radule in the regularly pinnate and feather-like stems ; 
the azillary branches (not infra-axillary, as in Radula, but intra- 
axillary); the universal presence of underleaves, the basal angles of 
which, like the external base of the lobules, are often decurrent 
on the stem in the shape of a laciniate and crispate wing; the side leaves 
(especially on the branches) often subopposite; the bracts of the ¢@ 
spikes exactly opposite, and connate with the intervening underleat; 
the toothed or ciliated 9 bracts; the much shorter and usually less 
compressed perianth, at first constricted at the plurilaciniate mouth, and 
only becoming 2-lipped, or campanulate, by the extrusion of the fruit; 
the globose capsule, the valves of which are fissile, and in age unequally- 
lobed, but are rarely separate from each other down to the very base ; the 
smaller, shorter elaters, and the comparatively much larger spores. 


$1. Per. facie anticd 2-, posticd depressd 1-plicata, plicis carinisve sepe 

(in etate precipue) obsoletis, ore brevissime fissa, lacinulis sub 10, 

triangularibus, denticulatis spinulosisve, demum hiantia bilabiata. 

1. P. erispata. Frons mediocris lineari-lanceolata, pinnata vel subbipin- 
nata. F. conferta (ramea subopposita) ; lobo ovato-lingulato anguste 
rotundato, margine postico valde crispato basi parviauriculato, ad 
sinum 1-2-spino ; lobulo } breviore lanceolato-ligulato ; ¢. parvulis 
levibus, inferioribus mediis subduplo longioribus flavidis. F™ 
lobulis majora, cordato-linguzformia integerrima, superne recurva. 
Per. ovato-oblonga obtuse 3-carinata (antice ecarinata) ore truncato 
ciliolata. 

2. P. asperifolia. Caules sat elati, primum subdichotomi dein pinnati 
vel bipinnati. F. confertiuscula subfalcato-divergentia ; lobo ovato- 
lingulato rotundato, margine postico recurvulo basi crispulo et 
breviter 1-2-spino; lobulo 2-plo breviore ligulato, basi antica 
breviter hastato, postica longe bidentato; ¢. parvulis convexis 
seaberulis. F'* lobulis 2-plo latiora ovato-lingueformia rotundata, 
basi subdecurrente 1—4-spina. 

3. P. ptilopsis. Frons elata lanceolata bipinnata. F. magna subhorizont- 
alia vix imbricata, per paria approximata; lobo ovato-oblongo 
truncato-rotundato, margine infero recurvo; lobulo vix 2-plo 
breviore ligulato, basi externa sagittato et runcinato-ciliato; ¢. 
mediocribus subpellucidis. F'* subduplo breviora, basi utrinque 
decurrente runcinato-fimbriata. Per. alte emersa, antice obtuse 
2-plicata, postice late unicarinata, ore constricto minute spinuloso- 
denticulato, demum bilabiata. 

4, P. Miillert. Frons elata laxiuscule pinnata, pinnis longis. F. sat 
magna subdissita; lobo ovato-rhomboideo apiculato-acuto, apicem 
versus subdenticulato, basi integerrimo ; lobulo subtriplo breviore 
ligulato basi in cristam decurrente; c. parvulis. FF ligulata 
retusa, basi decurrente laciniato-cristata. 

5. P. squamulifera. Frons elata arcte pinnata angusta, ramis brevibus 
decurvulis apice parvifoliis. F. sat magna arcte imbricata, lobo 
late cordato-ovato caulem antice late transeunte, apice rotundato 


328 PORELLA. 


cucullato; lobulo haud duplo breviore obovato-ligulato basi in 
alam decurrente, ala in squamulas ovatas cucullatas fissa ; ¢. valde 
incrassatis. F* lobulis paulo latiora, basi hine in alam lobulatam 
decurrentia. Per. late ovalia compressa, antice demum (carinulis 
2 obliteratis) alte convexa, ore ineequilobulata et denticulata. 
§ 2. Per. superne saltem pluriplicata, demum campanulata, ore hiante 
10-, 15-vel 20-fida, lacintis denticulatis ciliatisve. 

6. P. acanthota. Elata laxe ineequaliter bipinnata. F. subcontigua 
patentissima, in sicco immutata; lobo semiovato-oblongo, basi ad 
sinum in auriculam laciniatam producto; lobulo $ breviore 
anguste ligulato, basi externa longispino-auriculato ; c. mediocribus 
suboblongis. F'* lobulis subequalia, basi utrinque in cristam 
laciniatam decurrentia. Per. alte emersa obtuse pluriplicata, ore 
15-fida, laciniis lato-subulatis acuminatis iterum lacinulatis. 

7. P. arborea. Frons elata pinnata lineari-lanceolata, ramis brevibus 
apice tenui decurvulis. F. conferta patulo-devexa undulata ; lobo 
semicordato-ovato obtuso, margine postico valde sinuato-crispo basi 
2-4-laciniato ; lobulo vix 4 breviore ligulato, basi externa in pro- 
cessum liberum incisum protracto; ¢c. parvulis, trigonis maximis. 
F lobulis duplo latiora, toto margine recurva, basi utrinque 
eristato-decurrentia. Per. superne 10-plicata, ad 4 laciniata, laciniis 
20, acuminatis ciliatis. 

8. P. brachiata. A pr. differt foliis minus imbricatis, parum crispatis ; 
lobo basi postica 1-2-ciliato; ¢. minutulis. F'* lobulis vix latiora, 
infra medium runcinato-ciliata, basi cristato-decurrentia, crist& valde 
laciniata. ; 


1. PORELLA CRISPATA. 


Jungermania crispata Hook. Muse. Exot. t. 143. 

Hab. Andes Granatenses, “in umbrosis montis Quindiu, ad radices 
Quercus granatensis” (Humboldt et Bonpland) ; ad Orchideas e Nova- 
Granata allatas carpsit cl. Webster, pl. g et 2 cum per.; in 
Andibus Peruvianis, ad rivuli Marona-yacu ripas, prope Tarapoto, 
ipse legi a. 1856. 

F 17 x 1:2, lobulus 1:05 x::35; f° 12 x 12, 1:2 x J-O2050e ero 
c. infer. 3;, super. 2, ; per. 2°5-3°0 x 1:3™™, 

Fulva, stratificata, magn. P. platyphylle. Caules 2-4-pollicares, e 
caudice repente intricato-ramoso subfolioso assurgentes, pinnati vel 
subbipinnati, pinnis breviusculis subdissitis, frondem  lineari- 
lanceolatam sistentes. 

Folia conferta, caulina alterna, ramea subopposita, bipartita; lobus 
oblique ovato-lingulatus, apice angusto rotundatus, basi antica 
dilatatus (vix semicordatus) margine postico insigniter sinuato- 
crispus, basi in auriculam parvulam ovatam obtusam vel acuminatam 
productus ; lobulus lobo dimidio brevior, plus triplo angustior, 
erectus, oblique lanceolato-ligulatus, repandus, basi interna (i.e. ad 
sinum) processo subulato hamato auctus ; cellule parvule subopacee, 
ad angulos subincrassate, nucleo in sicco collapso lineari-serpentino, 
inferiores medize autem duplo fere longiores, flavidee. 

Foliola lobulis sat majora cordato-lingueformia obtusata, supra medium 
recurvo-patula, margine laterali recurvo, caulina tam lata quam 
longa, ramea paulo angustiora. 

Flores dioici: Q pinna abbreviata constantes. Bractee subbijuge, 


PORELLA. 329 


interiores foliis caulinis haud minores, iisdem latiores, ineequaliter 
ciliolate; bracteola biloba, 

Perianthia emersa ovato-oblonga compressula obtuse tricarinata, ore 
truncato ciliolata. 

Andrecia brevispica, pinnam totam vel ejus apicem solum sistentia ; 
bracteze foliis breviores latioresque ventricosee; bracteole magne 
subquadratze, apice rotundato-truncato 4-crenate. Stirps Grana- 
tensis subminor est, arctius pinnata, foliorum lobo basi interna 
spinis seepissime binis deorsum spectantibus armato, quasi bicaudato 
(neque, ac in planta Peruviana, simpliciter caudato), 

Obs. Distinguished from the other crisped-leaved species by the leaves 
being nearly entire, and by the very broad underleaves, which are not 
decurrent and laciniate at the basal angles. Hooker’s figure and 
description accord so well with my plant that I refer it confidently to 
his Jung. crispata. It is true that the figure shows the underleaves 
obcordate, and so they are, but in appearance only, from the reflexion of 
the obtuse apex. Humboldt gathered the original specimens in the 
Andes, a few degrees north of the equator ; I mine a few degrees south ; 
in both cases, no flowers were observed. Mr Webster, however, has picked 
specimens off Orchid bulbs, sent to Messrs Backhouse from the highlands 
of New Granada, and on them I find flowers of both sexes and perianths. 


2. PORELLA ASPERIFOLIA, Spruce. 


Hab. ad arborum ramos secus rivulos prope Tarapoto Andium Peruvie 
orientalium, alt. 600™. 

FE. tobus 25x13, 2°1x1:2, lobulus 12x35, ¢ A; f@ 11x75; 
LOXs65am 

Elata, 6—9-pollicaris, olivaceo-viridis flaccida pendula. 

Caules vage vel subdichotome ramosi, ramis ineequaliter pinnatis. 

Folia arctiuscule imbricata subfalcato-divergentia, in basi fere ipsa 
bipartita; lobus oblique ovato-lingulatus rotundatus, margine 
antico repandus basi obsolete denticulatus, postico recurvulo basi 
minute crispulus ac breviter 1-2-spimus; lobulus duplo_ brevior 
ligulatus obtusatus repandus, margine antico subdenticulatus basi 
breviter hastatus semicordatusve, postico basi longius producto sub- 
bidentatus ; cellule parvule subzequilaterze concolores subopacee 
papuloso-prominule et subverruculose. 

Foliola lobulo vix equilonga, duplo latiora, imbricata ovato-lingulata 
rotundata, basi subdecurrente dilatata utrinque 1-4-spina vel 
angulato-serrata, a basi ad medium usque caulem arcte amplexantia 
ibidemque laxe pellucide areolata. 

Var. flavens, pellucida. Caules humiliores bipollicares laxe bipinnati. 
Folia breviora latiora. Foliola latiora seepe ovato-triangularia retus- 
ula, infra medium utrinque valide 2—4-dentato-spinosa.—Cum typo 
habitat. 

Madotheca divergens Ldng. et G. Syn. Hep. 731, Gottsche Mex. Leverm. 
164, caule dichotomo-bipinnato nostre subsimilis, differt foliis 
leevibus integerrimis, foliolis basi cordatis, ete. 


3. PORELLA PTILOPSIS, Spruce. 
Hab. in monte Tunqguraqua, ad saxa et truncos. 
F. lobus 2:1x1°4, lobulus 1°2x °35, ¢ sk—a,; f™ 11x55; hr 13; per 
Soe am: 


330 PORELLA. 


Elata pallide viridis stratificata ; caules 5-6-pollicares laxiuscule pinnati, 
pinnis strictiusculis ascendentibus floribus pinnulatis, frondem 
lanceolatam sistentes. 

Folia fere horizontalia, per paria approximata, parum imbricata, ad basin 
fere usque bipartita; lobus ovato-oblongus truncato-rotundatus 
repandus subangulatusve, margine infero toto plus minus recurvo ; 
lobulus vix duplo brevior, ligulatus, plus triplo longior quam latus, 
rotundatus vel subretusus, basi semisagittatim productus ibidemque 
runcinato-ciliatus, ceterum integerrimus planus cauli appressus ; 
cellule mediocres zquilateree pellucide, ambitu anguste opace, 
folii marginem versus sensim subminores. 

Foliola foliis duplo fere breviora, duplo longiora quam lata, appressa, 
ligulata, apice subrotundata subtruncatave, basi longe decurrente 
runcinato-timbriata. 

Flores dioici: 9 ad ramos primarios, rarius in ipso caule, laterales. 
Bractez bijugse, intime foliis plus dimidio breviores, paulo ultra 4 
complicato-bilobe ; lobus rhomboideo-lanceolatus vel semiovatus 
apiculatus distanter ciliatus; lobulus duplo minor lanceolatus 
ligulatusve ciliatus ; bracteola foliolis subeequimagna, paulo latior, 
ciliolata denticulatave. 

Perianthia alte emersa, bracteas triplo fere excedentia, late ovalia com- 
pressa antice obtuse 2-plicata, postice late unicarinata, ore angusto 
minute spinuloso-denticulata demum bilabiata. Calyptra paulo 
minor, obovata opaca, bilabiatim rupta. Capsula magna globosa. 
Elateres torti bispiri, utrinque subobtusi, diametro sporis globosis 
sublevibus triplo angustiores. 

Amenta ¢ ad ramos lateralia, folia duplo superantia, badia brevi- 
cylindrica julacea ; bracteze arcte imbricate, opposite, foliis multo 
minores complicato-concave bilobee, lobulo lobo duplo minore, cum 
bracteola interposita, lobuloque bracteze contrarie, in labium tri- 
lobum connato. 

Obs. Inter omnes Porellas Andinas pro perianthio microstomo insignis. 

Var. MACROPTERA (Porella macroptera Mst.). 

Cum P. ptilopsi sat convenit, differt autem fronde longiori (9-pollicari) 
angustiore, pinnis (tam pl. ¢ quam pl. 2) floribus crebre pinnulatis. 
Folia minora, magis opaca, cellulis subminoribus, dimidio supero 
leniter recurvula, margine postico a paulo supra basin ad vel ultra 
medium valide incurva. Perianthia ovalia, seepe facie antica alte 
convexa, quasi late unicarinata, alia (sulcé media interveniente) 
2-carinata, facie posticaé autem semper concava, e media concavitate 
prominula et 1l-carinata, basi et paulo altius cellulis 3-2-stratis, 
deinde ad apicem 1-stratis, conflata, ore parvo brevissime lobulata, 
lobulis 10-20 angustis ciliato-spinulosis conniventibus ; demum pro 
capsule emissione hine vel utrinque hiantia. Calyptra perianthio 4+ 
brevior, obovata, carnosa, basin angustam versus 8-10 cell. crassa, 
demum ineequaliter triloba, basi pistillidiis sterilibus sub 10 circum- 
data. Pedicellus breviter exsertus validus, cellulis 18-20 (sectione 
hexagonis) in diametro. Capsula subglobosa rufa, valvulis 4 
ineequilatis, demum vario modo fissis, dehiscens; exothecium 
cellulis squalibus oblongo-hexagonis (fere rectangularibus) sat 
crassis, ad angulos columnis flavo-fuscis fulcitis, caeeterum leptoder- 
mibus, constans; endothecium flavidum tenue, facile secedens, 
cellulis 2~3-(margines valvularum versus sepe solum 1-) stratis, 
majoribus, inequilato-4-7-gonis leptodermibus conflatum, capsule 


PORELLA. 351 


faciem internam (imo etiam ad pedicelli apicem) totam obtegens. 
Elateres sporeeque lis P. ptilopsidis conformes. 


4, PoRELLA MULLERI (Gottsche). 
Madotheca Miilleri Gottsch. Mex. Leverm. 153. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in valle Alausi, loco Lucmas, alt. 2000™, e ramis 
pendula, sterilis. Mexico, in monte vulcanico Orizaba (FR. MULLER). 

F. tob 20x11, lobulus -75x'3; c gy; f*% °85x°4. (sine bast 
decurrente). 

Elata pallide viridis. Caules 5-6-pollicares pinnati; rami dissitiusculi 
elongati subzequilongi, raro iterum pinnulati. 

Folia subdissita, ramorum contigua vel basi parum imbricantia, ad basin 
fere usque bipartita, ad sinum integerrima ; lobus oblique ovato- 
rhomboideus, abrupte oblique apiculato-acutus, basi antica semicor- 
datus, margine sinuato-repandus apicem versus subdenticulatus, 
margine postico infra medium recurvus sed non crispatus ; lobulus 
triplo fere minor, obliquus, angulum 30° cum caule efformans, ligu- 
latus vel lgulato-lanceolatus obtusatus, margine sinuatus, basi cris- 
tatim decurrens ; cellule parvule rectangulari-hexagonz subopace, 
ad angulos parum incrassatz, basales majores flavidee. Folia siccando 
margine postico valide convoluta. 

Foliola subimbricata ligulata retusa, basi in cristam plus minus laciniatam 
longe decurrentia ; alia media basi radicellifera. 

A P. ptilopsi differt ramis distantibus subsimplicibus, foliis apiculatis 
subdenticulatis, lobulis brevioribus subdivergentibus, ete.—Mad. Chilensis 
L. et Ldbg. distare videtur caule humiliore vage pinnato ; foliis arcte 
imbricatis integerrimis ; foliolis haud basi cristato-decurrentibus.—M. 
Miillert G. autem, Mexicana, ad amussim fere cum nostra Andina congruit. 


5. PORELLA SQUAMULIFERA, Tayl. 
Madotheca squamulifera Tayl. in Lond. Jour, Bot. 1846. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, prope Esmeraldas, ex arboribus pendula (W. 
JAMESON); in valle Pangor, ad rupes, alt. 2660™ (R. S. 1858). 

F. lobus 20x19, 1°8x 1:4, lobulus 13x°7; f 13x°8; c. wmferiores 3, 
submarginales 3,—4 ; squamulee -2™™, 

Elata, dense ceespitoso-stratificata badia, apice virescens. Caules e caudice 
repente 6—-9-pollicares validi crebre pinnati arhizi; rami breves, a 
medio caule superne sensim decrescentes, arcuato-decurvuli, apice 
attenuati, siccando julacei, simplices vel ramulo unico paucisve 
pinnulati. 

Folia arcte imbricata, convexa, ad basin fere usque bipartita; lobus late 
cordato-ovatus-ovalisve, antice caulem late transiens, e margine postico 
apiceque (rotundato) valde incurvis cucullatus, repandulus, raro hic 
illic denticulo armatus ; lobulus haud duplo brevior obovato-ligulatus 
rotundatus, suberectus, margine recurvulo, basi in caule longe de- 
currens ibidemque in sqvamulas subimbricatas ovatas amorphasve, 
integras bifidasve, cucullatas fissus ; cellulze inferiores majores flavidee 
pellucidze suboblonge, plures apicem marginemque versus duplo 
fere minores, subzequilaterze, opace, pariete omnium ad angulos 
valde incrassato. , 

Foliola lobulis equilonga, paulo latiora, imbricata, subappressa, ligulato- 


332 PORELLA. 


oblonga, margine toto recurvo integerrima nisi basi hine decurrente 
in lobulos squamulasve fissa. 

Flores dioici: @ ad caulem (raro ad ramos) laterales. Bracteze subbijuge 
raro plures, intime foliis equimagnee ad 4 complicato-bilobe, lobo 
semiovali, lobuloque angustiore, eequilongo fere, subdenticulate ; 
bracteola zequilonga late ovalis, apice truncatnlo preecipue denticulata. 

Perianthia foliis sat longiora, late ovalia, compressa, antice bi-postice 
uni-carinata, fructu maturando facie anticd alte convexa (carinis 
obliteratis), posticd concava, medio tamen in carinam obtusam 
elevata, ore ineequaliter lobulato denticulatoque, demum bilabiata et 
decurva. 

Exemplaria originalia Jamesoniana cum meis satis bene conveniunt. 
Folia margine postico valde incurva, basi ipsa tamen vel plana vel 
cerispula. Lobuli foliolaque basi in alam profunde laciniatam super 
caulem producta, laciniis squamulas mentientibus. Caulis aliter non est 
“squamulifera,” neque in hac specie nec in P. arborea ceeterisque. 


6. PORELLA ACANTHOTA, Spruce. 


Hab. in monte Azudy Andium Quitensium, ad fruticum ramulos. 


F, lobus 2:0 x 1:4, lobulus 1-4x °35 ; ¢ 3,3 f 1:1 (1'8 ad basin decurrentem 
usque) X°83; br 2°55 br’* 23x11; per 40x 2:1, lacinie 1°5 ; elateres 
$3 spore x-—s5™. 

Elata pendula virescens. Caules 6—9-pollicares, laxe bipinnati, ramis 
ramulisque subinzequilongis, apice seepe attenuatis. 

Folia subcontigua, angulo fere recto patula, siccando immutata, bipartita 
complicata, carina perbrevi arcuaté; lobus semiovato-oblongus, 
margine supero, basi subsemicordata obsolete denticulata excepta, 
fere recto, postico apiceque plus minus rotundato repando, basi (7.e. 
in sinu) in auriculam 2-5-laciniato-spinulosam protractus ; lobulus 
lobo 4 brevior appressus ligulatus (4plo longior quam latus) rotun- 
datus, basi externa in auriculam Jongam spinoso-fimbriatam pro- 
ductus ; cellulase mediocres parum elongate opacie, trigonis magnis 
ad angulos auctie, subbasales sensim majores flavidee. 

Foliola lobulis subsequimagna, subimbricata, ligulato-oblonga rotundata, 
basi (hine preecipue) in cristam laciniatam longe decurrentia, laciniis 
triangularibus acuminatis. 

Flores dioici: ? laterales. Bracteee bijuge, intime folia subexcedentes 
profunde bifida, complicate, obtusie, plus minus denticulato-ciliate, 
lobo semiovali, lobulo ligulato fere squilongo triplo angustiore ; 
bracteola ovato-lanceolata sublingulata rotundata ciliolata. 

Perianthia alte emersa, f. caulinis duplo longiora, ovalia compressa, 
obtuse subplicata, ore truncato subconstricta, demum campanulata et 
macrostoma, 15-fida; laciniis lato-subulatis acuminatis iterum lacinu- 
latis denticulatisve, longit. =% perianthii. Calyptra perianthio duplo 
brevior globosa valida opaca, cellulis minutissimis 5-stratis con- 
formibus conflata, demum bivalvis. Capsula magna globosa, e peri- 
anthio in pedicello perbrevi valido vix emersa, vix ad basin usque 
4-partita ; valvule fragiles, demum in lacinias 3 ineequales longitu- 
dinaliter fissee. Cellule bistratee, exteriores sat crasse, apicem 
valvulz versus tam late quam Jongwe, infra medium autem plus 
minus elongate, omnes leptodermes nisi ad angulos ubi columnis 
rubro-fuscis fulcite ; stratum interius facile (sepe pedetentim) 


PORELLA. 333 


secedens, tenerum, cellulis irregularibus, fibra pertenui inclusa 
obscure reticulatis, constans. Elateres parvuli tenues 2-3-spiri. 
Spore magne, elateribus 4—5plo latiores subglobose setulis minu- 
tissimis asperule. 

Caulis in hac specie compressulus est ; cellule parvee sub 12-stratee 
(24 in sectionis diametro), stratorum 4 vel 5 extimorum ad Palmarum 
instar opace, rufo-badize vel nigrescentes, pachydermes, sectione sub- 
elongate ; interne pallidee leptodermes, sectione subsequilaterie. 

Madotheca Brasiliensis Raddi, subaffinis, caules habet simpliciter 
pinnatos, folia late semicordato-ovata, auricula interlobulari galeata 
subsaccatave, lobulo subspinuloso ; foliola ovato-lingueeformia spinulosa 
(basi ac in nostra decurrentia et laciniata) ; bracteas laciniato-spinosas. 


7. PORELLA ARBOREA (Tayl.). 


Madotheca arborea Tayl.! in Lond. Journ. Bot. 1846. 


Hab. in sylvis Andium Quitensium, alt. 1500-3000", ad latera montium 
Tunguragua et Pichincha preecipue, ubi ad arborum ramulos pulchre 
viget. 

F, lobus 2:2 x 1°6, lobulus 16 x -4; ¢ 3-ss; f' (basi decurrente exclusa) 
15 x “75; per 2°0 x 2:0, 2:0 x 25,30 x ‘25mm, 

Elata fulva rufescensve. Caudex principio adest, prostratus, brevis, sub- 
ramosus, e foliis caducis cito denudatus, radicellis brevibus foliolorum 
reliquiis adnatis in matrice repens; fragilis est denique dissolutus, 
primum autem caules suberectos pendulosve profert. Caules 6-8°™ 
longi validi rufo-badii pinnati, frondem lineari-lanceolatam sistentes ; 
rami breves ($-1™) raro iterum subpinnulati, apice sensim attenuati 
decurvulique. 

Folia subopposita dense imbricata patula subdevexa undulata, ad basin 
fere usque bipartita; lobus oblique semicordato-ovatus sensim 
angustatus obtusus repandus, subundulatus, toto margine postico 
valde sinuato-crispus (sinubus sub 5), basi laciniis 2-4 subulato- 
acuminatis deorsum spectantibus auctus; lobulus vix dimidio 
brevior ligulatus subfalcatus obtusatus, basi interna subspinosus, 
externa in processum obtuse incisum vel ciliatum productus ; cellule 
parvulz pellucidz suboblongz, trigonis angularibus maximis, basin 
versus submajores flavidee. 

Foliola imbricata suberecta, lobulis subeequilonga, duplo fere latiora, 
late ligulata rotundata, toto margine recurva, utraque basiin cristulam 
sinuato-lobulatam super caulem decurrentia. 

Flores dioici: 2 in ramo brevi vel haud raro subelongato terminales. 
Bractz foliis subzequales, magis acute, lobulo longiore toto margine— 
lobo solum margine postico (interno)—dentato-ciliato-spinosove ; 
bracteola ovato-ligulata, emarginato-bifida, margine plano recurvulove 
ciliata. 

Perianthia late ovalia ore subconstricta, demum (supramatura) ex ore 
hiante compresso-campanulata, superne 10-plicata, apice ad 4 
laciniata, laciniis 20 (sce. 10, bipartitis) tenui-acuminatis ciliatis. 
Capsula majuscula globosa badia bistrata; cellule inanes, exteriores 
sectione transverse rectangulares, pariete valde incrassato, interiores 
minores teneres secedentes. Elateres elongati arcte bispiri obtu- 
sissimi diu persistentes. Sporee magne ovali-globose minute 
tuberculosie. 


Amenta ¢ ad caulem et ramos primarios lateralia, folium caulinum 


334 PORELLA. 


proximum plus minus excedentia, ovato-cylindracea, julacea; bractez 
opposite, foliis breviores latioresque, arctissime imbricatz, basi antica 
semicordata pro brevi spatio cum contraria connate, ultra 4 bilobe, 
lobulis posticis mediante foliolo conformi in laminam apice trifidam 
recurvam alte connate ; antheridia solitaria (cujusque sacculi bina) 
maxima ovali-globosa. 

Var. megaloura S. Robusta ; caules 10™ et ultra alti, seepe bipinnati. 
Fola magna valde crispata, solum obtusa vel etiam subacuta, ad 
sinum insigniter spinoso-appendiculata, lobulo utraque basi inciso. 
Foliola latiora, seepe rotundo-oblonga, basi decurrente magis laciniato- 
erispa.—Hab. secus fl. Pastasa, ad cataractam Agoyan in rupibus, ad 
Rio Blanco ostia in ramis; etiam in m. Tunguragua ad terram inter 
Vaccinia lichenesque. 

Var. oreopteris S. Robusta, elata—fere pedalis. Foliorum lobus margine 
postico a basi ad } recurvo, parnm vel non crispulus. Bracteze 
longiciliate.—Hab. in monte Pichincha ad ramos (W. JAMESON et 
R. 8.) ; quoque in m. Azuay a cl. JAMESON lecta fuit. 

Obs. In all the forms of this variable species the perianth is normally 
10-plicate, but the plicee are often irregular and inconstant in number ; 
the medial postical fold is however always the most prominent, showing 
the primitively trigonous form of the perianth.—I have taken as the type 
of the species the form which is most frequently fertile throughout the 
Quitenian Andes. Jameson’s original specimens are larger and often 
sterile, but shew no structural difference besides the leaves being less 
crispate. Mitten, on the faith of a specimen in Taylor’s herbarium 
named Mad. subciliata L. et L., has referred it to that species, from which 
it differs essentially in the underleaves having a caudate and laciniate 
prolongation at each basal angle, whereas those of M. subciliata are said 
to be “integerrima vel subdenticulata.” I cannot help suspecting some 
oversight in the description of M. subciliata (which was founded on a 
specimen of Jameson’s) ; for neither by Jameson nor myself has any 
Porella been gathered which has the leaf-lobule laciniato-caudate, yet 
lacks a similar appendage to the underleaf. 


8. PoRELLA BRACHIATA (Tayl.). 
Madotheca brachiata Tayl.! in Muse. Jamesonianis exsice. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ubi legit W. JAMESON (a meipso nusquam in vivo 
visa). 

Habitu et statura M. arborea J. congruit, differre videtur caracteribus 
sequentibus. 

Folia solum subimbricata semicordato-oblonga-ovatave, apice rotundata 
decurva, margine postico inferiore subcrispa, caeterum plana, basi 
posticé breviter 1-2-ciliata, anticaé subunidentata—raro (quoad lobum 
majorem) omnino inermia; lobulus lato-ligulatus oblique rotun- 
datus valde crispatus, basi interna laciniis 1 vel 2, raro pluribus, 
elongatis sagittatus hastatusve, extern& in appendiculum ciliis de- 
vexis fimbriatum dilatatus; cellule firme guttulate minutule 
(go—ay™™) valde incrassatee, marginales lobulorum et foliolorum 
magis opacee et crassiores. 

Foliola lobulis breviora, vix latiora, ovato-ligulata subrotundata, infra 
medium runcinato-ciliata, aliquando subhastata, basi in ala valde 
laciniata super caulem Jonge decurrentia. 

Cxetera non habui. A P. arborea egre separanda. 


PTILIDIEA. 335 


Subtribus IIIl.—PTILIDIE 2. 


Pitilidia Nees. Hep. Eur. I. 95; III. 99 (1833). Blepharoziece 
Lindberg Hep. in Hibernia lect. (1875). 

Plante pro more elatz, solum in Chetocolea pusille, ceespitosee, 
erectee, depressee penduleve; raro virentes, plerumque rufo-badiz 
flavideeve, alize roseze sanguineve. Caules validi, utplurimum 
e caudice repente, demum dissoluto, interdum flagellifero orti, vagi 
vel pinnati, interdum paraphylliis squamulosi; rami in plurimis 
omnes laterales, in paucis etiam postici. Radicelle vix ull nisi 
ad caudicem et flagella. Folia alterna, raro subopposita, in plerisque 
incuba vel transversa, in paucis succuba, plerumque magna, sat 
longa, 2-vel 4-fida, in aliis multipartita, semper fere (basi saltema) 
dentata vel ciliata, segmentis interdum capillaceo-ramosis, subcon- 
cava vel canaliculata, in Mastegophora autem et Lepidolena distiucte 
complicata ; in hac laciniz tam lobulorum quam foliolorum saccatze 
(ad Frullanice instar) seepe inveniuntur. Cellulw mediocres vel fere 
magne, raro parve, semper fere longiores quam late, minute scabree 
verruculoseve. oliola foliis subconformia, magis symmetrica 
tamen, equimagna vel parum minora. ores utriusque sexus vel 
in caule vel in ramis lateralibus (nunquam in posticis) terminales, 
omnium specierum (Anthelid unica paroica excepta) dioici. Bractece 
@ semper fere plurijuge, foliis magis fisse armateque, pro m. inter 
se subliberz foliisque sensim majores, intime autem aliarum 
specierum parve perianthio adnate. Prstillidia plura (16-60). 
Perianthia vel omnino nulla, vel cum bracteis intimis vestita et 
confusa, vel denique perfecte distincta et libera, subteretia vel 
plicato-carinata, carinis 3-10: quando rarissime ad 3 solis redactis, 
carina tertia postica. Calyptra pro m. parva, aut libera et pistil- 
lidiis sterilibus basi (vel sepe altius) obsita, aut involucro adheesa, 
apice ipso pistillidiifera. Capsula in pedicello breviusculo, raro 
elongato, vel subglobosa et rectivalvis, vel cylindracea et tortivalvis, 
valvulis haud raro fissis; 2—8-strata, strato intimo fibris semiannu- 
laribus persepe notato. lateres tenues bispiri, cito decidui, vel 
pauci basales longius persistentes. Spore minute globose. Andrecia 
terminalia brevispica; bractee 1—3-andree. 


This subtribe is only imperfectly represented by the genera and species 
of tropical America, the typical European genus, Ptilidiwm,* being 


* Ptilidium Nees. Hep. Eur. I. (1833)=Blepharozia Dum. Recueil (1835 : 
previously proposed by Dumortier merely as a subgenus of Jungermania). 


336 PTILIDIE. 


entirely wanting there; while the curious and elegant Lepidolena—so 
wonderfully “ mimicking” Frullania in its vegetative organs, but with a 
totally different fructification—does not begin to appear until some way 
beyond the southern tropic, and has its headquarters in the cooler parts 
of the south temperate zone. There can be no doubt of the close relation- 
ship of the plants I have combined in this group, their most obvious 
character being the equably tristichous, cloven leaves, whereof the postical 
are nearly, or quite, as large as the lateral, and are never absent in any 
species. The polyphyllous 2 involucres, always borne either on the 
apex of the stem or of a side-branch—never on a postical branch, although 
such branches exist in at least two genera—afford another good and very 
nearly constant character. For in the next subtribe (Trigonanthee) a 
postical inflorescence prevails through the great majority of the genera 
and species, even in cases where the leafy branches are all lateral, as they 
are in many Lepidozie. 

Characters, often esteemed of the greatest weight, break down when 
applied to this group. Thus T’richocolea, whose involucre, perianth, and 
calyptra are soldered into a long scaly cup, of which the constituent 
envelopes can rarely be discriminated except by careful dissection, is so 
exactly like Leiomitra in its vegetative organs, that without fruit the two 
genera are undistinguishable. Yet in the latter the calyptra is quite free 
from the involucre, and there is no monophyllous perianth at all. It is 
possible that too much importance has been assigned to adhesions of the 
floral organs, thereby obscuring our perception of what are really more 
obvious and important affinities. Nor are the adhesions so invariable as 
has been assumed ; for the calyptra of Trichocolea is sometimes free, or at 
least easily separable, from the involucre.* 

Again, Chandonanthus squarrosus and hirtellus (ef. Hooker, Muse. Exot. 
t. 78 and 79, under Jungermania) are so like Lepicolea pruinosa 'Tayl. (to 
be described below) in habit, in the scaly stems, and the deeply cloven, 
ciliated leaves (although the leaves are only once bifid in the former 
genus and twice bifid in the latter) that, in a natural arrangement, they 
must stand in the same group ; yet the leaves in Lepicolea are ineubous, 
in Chandonanthus decidedly suceubous. The pluriplicate perianths in 
the latter genus, added to other points of resemblance, plainly show its 
affinity to Anthelia; in which, however, the leaves are transverse ! 

Lepicolea pruinosa on another hand resembles our Mastigophora Woodsi 
in habit, colour, and in the way the leaves are cloven and ciliated, so that 
they might well be supposed congeners. The fruit and perianth of both 
species are hitherto unknown, and if M. Woodsiz should one day be found 
to possess an adherent involucre, it will have to be placed in Lepicolea. 
But if the perianth prove distinct from the involucre, I hardly see how 
the species can be kept apart from Ptilidium (= blepharoza Dum.) where 
indeed it was placed by Dumortier. The Mastigophore of which the 
perianth and fruit are known, have all only lateral (no postical) branches, 
on some of which the ? flowers are borne; and such branches are not 
always shortened down to flowers alone, but have often several normal 
leaves below the bracts (¢.g. in M. diclados): being, in fact, no shorter 
than the floriferous branches are sometimes seen in Ptilidiwm ciliare, so 
that it becomes difficult to assign any really valid distinction between 
Ptilidium and Mastigophora. 


* Of. Carrington on Trich. Tomentella in Hep. Brit., p. 40. 


PTILIDIE®. aah 


CONSPECTUS GENERUM. 
§ 1. Folia vel incuba vel transversa. Fl. $ 2- (raro \-3-) andrt. 


6. Isoracurs. —Elatiuscula, perseepe apice rubescens vel tota sanguinea, 
parum ramosa, aliis ramis posticis aliis lateralibus. Folia et foliola 
transversa decurvula canaliculato-concava bi-raro tri-loba, lobis pro m. 
brevibus evittatis, margine (basi saltem) dentato ciliatove. Bracteze (nisi 
in I. ripens?) plurijuge, intime in aliis speciebus minute ex p. perianthio 
adnate. Perianthia vel elongata teretia carnosa minute squamulosa, vel 
(in subg. Sendétnerella) breviora 3-5-carinata subleptodermia nuda. Capsula 

_cylindracea bistrata, valvulis spiraliter tortis integris. 

7. Herperta.—Elata rufo-badia paulo ramosa, ramis posticis, Innova- 
tionibus subfloralibus interdum lateralibus. Folia subincuba hamato- 
secunda angusta, multo longiora quam lata, basi interdum ciliata ceeterum 
integerrima, profunde biloba, lobis angustis acuminatis vittatis. Bracteze 
plurijugz liberz equitantes, ciliatee spinoszeve, insigniter bisulcz. Peri- 
anthia ad apicem fere usque bracteis velata, peranguste ovato-subulata 
3-carinata, carinis latis sulca exaratis, ore 6-fida. Capsula globosa 5-8- 
strata, valvulis rectis 2-6-fidis. Elateres basales caeteris longius per- 
sistentes, 

8. LeprcoLEa.—Elata sepius flavida, pinnata, caule interdum ramen- 
taceo; rami omnes laterales, apice frequenter attenuati. Folia incuba 
planiuscula, plerumque pulchre ciliata, profunde bis bifida, segmentis 
angustis evittatts, apice sepe capillaceis. Bracteze plunjuge parve, 
interiores perianthio adnate. Perianthia campanulata bractearum apici- 
bus liberis ramentacea. Capsula subglobosa 5-strata. Elateres basales 
ceteris longius persistentes. 


§ 2. Folia succuba. Flores ¢ 1-andrv. 


9. CHmtTocoLEaA.—Pusilla, facie Cephaloziw, radicellosa, vage ramosa, 
aliis ramis posticis, aliis lateralibus. Folia palmatifida imtegerrima. 
Flores ? in caule innovando terminales. Bracteze exteriores ciliato- 
multifidee ; interiores perianthio cupulato, ore longiciliato, adnate, apici- 
bus setaceis solis liberis, Calyptra... ? 

10. Letomirra.—Elata, pinnatim ramosa, e foliis capillaceo-multifidis- 
ramosisque ad speciem lanata. Flores 9 terminales, innovatione nulla 
suffulti. Bractez liber, intime foliis triplo majores, primum 10-12-fidee, 
dein capillaceo-ramosee. Perianthium omnino nullum. Calyptra ovali- 
globosa, ab involucro discreta, dimidio inferiore carnosa et pistillidiis 
sterilibus onusta. Capsula magna subglobosa 2-6-strata. 


VI. ISOTACHIS, Mitt. 
In Hook. Antarct. Voy. IL. 148; Gottsche Mex. Leverm. 104. 


Plante cespitose, plus minus elate, tenelle tamen, pallide 
virides, apice rubescentes, interdum tote rosez vel etiam sanguine. 
Caudex prostratus rudimentarie foliosus, interdum flagellifer, caules 
assurgentes simplices vel paucirameos proferens. Lam foliis posticis 
axillares; innovationes autem subflorales perszpe laterales. Radi- 
celle, albide vel rubre, solum ad caudicem et flagella adsunt. 


338 ISOTACHIS. 


Folia majuscula, sat arcte imbricata, transversa, parum incuba, plus 
minus decurvo-secunda, late oblonga ovatave subcomplicato-concava 
(melius canaliculata), apice sinu brevi lunulari—raro profundiore et 
acuto—emarginata, rarissime triluba, apicibus acutis vel altero obtuso, 
margine perseepe argute dentata ciliatave; cellule mediocres majus- 
culeve, subincrassatee, omnes fere sublongiores quam late, oblongo- 
quadrate hexagonzeve, mediz ceteris subconformes, nec ad Herbertce 
instar vittam sistentes. 

Foliola foliis subconformia, plerumque parum minora, exacte 
transversa et symmetrica. Floresdioici; 2 terminales. Bractee in 
plerisque plurijuge, inter se liber (in unica specie connate), foliis 
submajores, subconformes, nisi magis profunde 2—3-lobe inciszque. 
—TIntra involucrum in aliis speciebus adveniunt bractez plurime 
minute (sive paraphyllia) que posterius cum perianthio tolluntur, 
eidemque adnate apice solo prominent. Horum paraphylliorum 2 vel 
3 extima, tenera biloba integrave, interdum libera restant, bracteis 
propriis celata.—Pistillidia ad 16. Perianthia in plurimis elongata 
et angusta, conica, cylindracea, fusiformiave, carnosa, cellulis 3-6 
crassa, extus paraphylliorum apicibus liberis seabra, teretia vel apice 
solo trigona, demum subtrifida; in aliis autem breviora latioraque, 
tenuia vel parum carnosa, leevissima, a medio (saltem) 3—5-carinata, 
ore plurifida. Calyptra brevis, tenuis vel carnosula, dimidio inferiore 
pistillidiis sterilibus stipata. Cupsula in pedicello breviusculo, 8-cell. 
in diametro, basi calceolo ciliato infixo, exserta, majuscula, cylindracea, 
9-3-plo longior quam lata, bistrata, ab ipsa basi 4-valvis, valvulis in 
spiram unicam completam contortis; cellule exteriores tesselate 
vacue, interiores fibra spirali (ex p. deficiente) farcte. Hlateres 
bispiri. Spore leves. Andrecia in I. aneipite sec. cl. Gottsche 
ramulo tenui, bracteis monandris constantia; in J. erythrorhiza autem 
inveni spicam 4 terminalem, bracteis foliis conformibus 2-(raro 
l-vel 3-) andris. 

Subgenus 1. Isoracuis. Perianthium elongatum pluri-(5-6-) stratam 
‘scabridum, teres, apice solo trigonum demum trifidum. Folia apice 
pro m. solum emarginata. ; : 

Subvenus 2. SENDTNERELLA 8. Per. brevius, ovoideum, 3-5-carinatum, 
“cellulis unistratis, in altera specie 2-3-stratis, conflatum, levissimum. 

Hab. Terrestris et rupestris, in locis humidis montium. 

Distr. America, a Mexico et insulis Antillanis per Andium juga ad 
Caput Horn usque ; necnon in Nova Zelandia. Species typicee 2 vel 3in 
Andibus Granatensibus legit Lrnpia. J. serrulate (Sw.), stirpis e colore 
ruberrimo et foliis eleganter dentatis insignis, necnon J. erythrorhize L. L., 
exemplaria fertilia legerunt Husnor allique in insulis Guadalupa, Sti. 
Vincentii, &e. Ipse autem nullam, nisi subgeneris Sendtnerelle speciem 


ISOTACHIS. 339 


solitariam in Andibus Quitensibus inveni. J. (Sendtnerella) ripensis n. sp. 
perianthium habet latum, tota fere longitudine obtuse 5-carinatum, ore 
profunde 10-fidum, laciniis lanceolatis denticulatis ; folia foliolaque, idem 
ac in nonnullis Herbertis, bast spinosa. J. (Sendtnerella) erythrorhiza L. 
et L. medium fere tenet inter Jsotachin et Sendtnerellam, perianthio inferne 
3-2-cell. crasso, epapilloso autem, dimidio supero obtuse 3-4-plicato; foliolis 
medio margine utrinque grandidentatis, quasi 4-lobulatis. Cum Isotacht 
congruit capsula torta, duin capsula J. ripensis ignota adhue remanet. 

Herberta Gray (= Sendtnera Nees.) Sendtnerelle habitu et foliis tristichis 
subsimilis, pro m. longe robustior est, colore badio; foliis prelongis 
uncinatis, profunde bifidis, cellulis medianis linearibus vittatis ; peri- 
anthiis alte trigonis (carinis latis unisulcis) apice longe subulatis; capsule 
valvulis rectis bi-plurilobis.—Pleuroclada nob. et Anthelia Dum. genera 
Isotachi e longinquo affinia sunt. 


IsoTACHIS (SENDTNERELLA) RIPENSIS, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad rivulorum ripas montis Pzchincha. 

F165x*1:15; c 3-353; f@ 1:15x0°9; per 2.5™™, 

Czespitosa tenera e pallide viridi rufescens. Caudex brevis tenuis pro- 
stratus repensve ramosus, foliis rudimentariis et radicellis vestitus, 
flagella postica radicantia et caules assurgenti-erectos proferens. 
Caules steriles elongati, feminei breves, 4—-3-pollicis longi, infra 
perianthium terminale innovationes $—1-pollicares solitarias binasve 
laterales proferentes, ceeterum vel simplices vel ipsa basi subramosi ; 
ramis foliosis lateralibus, flagellaribus (paucis) posticis microphyllis 
radicelliferis ; praeterea arhizi. 

Folia caulina arete imbricata, imnovationum dissitiuscula, subincuba 
(linea transversali, vel antice subincurrente, cauli inserta) devexo- 
secunda, complicato-concava, basi turgida, ineequilateri-cordato- 
ovata, ad } usque bi- (raro tri-) fida ; lobis subeequalibus sinubusque 
acutis, raro obtusis; basi antica integerrima, postica 1-3-spina; 
cellule mediocres subconformes, oblongo-quadratove-hexagone con- 
vexule leptodermes, nisi ad angulos leniter incrassatee, endochromio 
parco pro parte in annulum tenuem opacum congesto. 

Foliola paulo breviora, transversa, fere squarroso-recurva, oblonga bifida, 
basi utrinque 1—3-spina. 

Flores dioici: Q terminales, innovatione suffulti. Bracteze 1-juge, foliis 
submajores, ad 4 bi-trifidee, plerumque serrulate, cum bracteola 
conformi szepissime altiuscule connate. Pistillidia sub 16. 

Perianthia (juniora) subemersa, ovoidea, obtuse 5-plicata, tenuia unistrata 
leevissima, ore constricto profunde 10-fida, laciniis longe lanceolatis 
7-10-denticulatis, e margine recurvo canaliculatis.* 

Obs. The innovations uniformly spring from the axils of the side leaves 
next below the bracts; but the rooting flagella are axillary to the under- 
leaves. The perianths consist of but one layer of cells, and there are no 
adnate scales or bracteoles on any part of them. 


* Forsan ad Sendtnerellam pertineat quoque Sendtnera? trifida Gottsch. 
Hep. Novo-Granat., sterilis solum adhue nota, cui adsunt folia omnia trifida, 
margine postico 3-pluridentato; foliola triplo minora trifida, utrinque pluri- 
dentata. 


340 HERBERTA. 


VII. HERBERTA, Gray. 


Nat. Arr. Brit. pl. (1821). Schisma Dum. Comm. Bot. (1823). 
Sendtnera Nees. in Syn. Hep. (1845). 


Plante proceriores, cespitosze, colore rufo-badio insignes, apice 
novello interdum flavide, in H. pensili albide, caudice repente 
flagellisque radicelliferee, ceterum arhize. Caules 3-9-pollicares, 
validi opaci, parum ramosi, assurgentes vel perseepe penduli, ramique 
apice persepe hamati. ami postici, sc. ex angulo folioli orti; 
adveniunt interdum sub flore ? sterili innovationes due laterales, 
opposite, unde caulis furcatus evadit; magis frequenter autem 
innovationes solitarize et postice sunt. 

Folia incuba vel fere transversa, magna, angusta, 2—4-plo longiora 
quam lata, tristicha:—postica, lateralibus conformia, vix minora— 
decurva et plus minus hamato-secunda, canaliculato-concava (vix 
subcomplicata), basi in aliis speciebus ciliata, ab apice ad $—? acute 
biloba, lobis eruribusve paululum divergentibus, sensim et longe 
acuminatis subintegerrimis, postico subangustiore; e cellulis mediis 
elongatis discoloribus vittata, vitta basi vel altius bifurca, furcis in 
erfirium apice desinentibus. Cellule parvee pachydermes scaberule 
subrhomboidex; vittee autem triplo longiores, lineares et (infime 
saltem) e fibra spirali inclusa plurisinuate. 

Flores Qioici: 9 terminales, capitati, innovatione (raro 2 vel 3) 
suffulti.  Bractee plurijugee, densissime equitantes, perianthium 
arcte amplexantes, tota longitudine tamen liberee, foliis dimidio vel 
duplo fere longiores, brevius tamen bilobe, ab ipsa basi profunde 
bisulcee et inter sulcas in carinam altam prominulee, margine, interdum 
ad apicem tenuem usque, ciliate spinoseeve. Pistillidia plura, ad 
24, sterilia ad calyptree basin persistentia. Perianthia apice solo 
emersa, angusta, 3-5-plo longiora quam lata, ovato-subulata vel 
anguste fusiformia, trigona, carinis sulca exaratis exindeque peri- 
anthia apicem constrictum versus 6-plicata videntur, ore ad } longi- 
tudinis 6- (8-) fida, laciniis ad bractearum loborum instar tenuibus 
armatisque. Loco carine tertize (postice) raro inveniuntur carinz 
due, approximate, unde perianthium inzequaliter 4-carinatum evenit. 
Culyptra libera parva obovata unistrata profunde trifida. Capsula 
magna globosa, in pedicello valido brevi longioreve exserta, 5—8-strata, 
omnibus stratis columnis fuscis crassis in cellularum pariete fulcitis, 
intimo fibris semiannularibus notato, 4-valvis, valvulis ineequaliter 
bipartitis—interdum ad 6-partitis. 


HERBERTA, 341 


Hlateres tenues dispiri, omnes decidui, alii autem in capsule fundo 
longius persistentes, Spore majuscule muriculate. Andrecia in 
spica brevi terminali; bractese paucijuge foliis subconformes diandre. 

Hab. In regionibus montosis ad saxa umbrosa arboresque. 

Distr. Per orbem terrarum disperse, nullibi copiosce, in Andibus 
autem sylvaticis, alt. 1200—3500", sat frequentes et ex arborum 
truncis ramisque czspitibus magnis dependentes, ad saxa rariores ; 
in planitie fluminis Amazonum nullibi visee fuerunt. E speciebus 
paucis hodie cognitis 4, 2 novas, legi. 

Herberta, e foliis prelongis, dicranis, decurvo-secundis, a ceteris 
fere omnibus hepaticis distat, et Hypnum uncinatum, H. commu- 
tatum, &e., vel Dicranum scoparium primo visu valde refert. 


Obs. In Herberta acanthelia and some other species of which I have been 
able to examine ripe fruit, the innermost membrane of the capsule is con- 
tinued over the apex of the pedicel, where it consists of lineari-fusiform, 
usually pointed cells, lined with semiannular fibre or sometimes with an 
unbroken spiral. I saw one case of a cell containing a double spiral. It 
was easily distinguished from the elaters by its much greater width, and 
the stouter laxer helix; besides by its being laterally connected with 
other similar cells into a continuous membrane. A few of the basal leaf- 
cells of some of the species are also lined by a spiral fibre, as was first 
poined out by Gottsche for H. juniperina. A good many elaters remain 
attached to the base of the capsule for a short time after it bursts, but are 
soon liberated; they are of the ordinary size and structure. 


A. Folia 4plo fere longiora quam lata. 


1. H. pensilis. Albido-viridis subsimplex, nisi pro innovatione sub- 
florali subindeque stolone uno alterove basali. F. fragilia dissita, 
distiche decurvula, subintegerrima, ab apice ultra 3 bicrura, basi 
integra ovato-oblonga, cruribus lineari-subulatis acutatis, cellulis 
vittee magnis ceteris concoloribus. Br. medio margine inciso- 
spinose. Per. ovato-subulata, laciniis apicalibus basi subspinosis. 

2. H. juniperina. Robusta flavida, in tate badia, subramosa flagellifera. 
F. imbricata deflexo-secunda ovalia, basi utrinque denticulata, ad 4 
bifida, cruribus lato-subulatis acuminatis, cellulis omnibus con- 
coloribus. Br. margine hamato-incisze, ab apice profunde bifide. 
Per, fusiformi-subulata, laciniis apicis basi hamato-incisis, 


B. Folia solum 2plo longiora quam lata. 

3. H. bivittata. Robusta fulva subramosa. F. confertissima, distiche 
devexa, late ovata, ad $ bifida, basi decurrente plerumque subciliata; 
cruribus semilanceolatis acuminatis vitta aurantiaca percursis. Br. 
ciliato-spinose, ad 4 bifida. Per. ovato-lanceolato-fusiformia, 
laciniis apicis tenuiacuminatis longispinis. 

4, H. acanthelia. Robusta fulva subramosa flagellifera. F. densa 
hamato-secunda, basin versus ciliata spinosave, minus distincte 
vittata, profunde (ad 3—}) bifida, cruribus longissime acuminatis. 
Br. basi longiciliatee, superne spinulose, ad 4 bifidee. Per. ovato- 
subulata, laciniis apicis caudato-acuminatis superne spinosis vel 
subintegerrinus. 

TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 2 U 


HERBERTA. 


bo 


1. HERBERTA PENSILIS (Tayl.). 


Sendtnera pensilis, Tayl. Lond. Journ. Bot. (1846). 

Hab. e yamis pendula in Audium Quitensium sylvis occidentalibus : 
Pichincha (J AMESON); Chimborazo (R. 8.). 

F 55 x i4, crura 3:0 x °3; c. mediz 4, laterales 4; br. 7:0 x 18; 
per 70x ome. 

Albido-viridis elata laxe czespitosa. Caules 6-9-pollicares penduli sub- 
simplices, innovando-elongati, interdum basi stoloniferi. 

Folia dissita tenuia fragilia distiche decurvo-patula (neque secunda) 
oblique ovate-oblonga canaliculato-concava; alis undulatis, postica 
dilatata caulem transeunte, integerrimis vel basi obsolete smuato- 
denticulatis ; ultra 4 biloba, lobis cruribusve subeequimagnis angustis 
lineari-subulatis canaliculatis, apice acutato subexplanatis; cellule 
medize pluriseriate lineares, laterales tri iplo fere breviores sinuatee, 
omnes concolores minute verrucosee. Folia 3-4 parium florem foem. 
proxime sequentium a basi ad medium valide paucispina. 

Foliola foliis paulo augustiora, recta, ceeterum conformia. 

Flores dioici: feem. terminales, cum innovatione. Bracteze plurijugee 
arete imbricata suberecto-appressee, foliis paulo majores firmioresque, 
medio margine externo inciso-spinosee, ceeterum subintegerrime vel 
sparse denticulate, cruribus tenuibus flexuosis margine recurvis. 

Perianthia involucro ie quilonga ovato-subulata 3- (apice 6-) plicata, apice 
ad 3 sexfida, laciniis iis bractearum conformibus, basi sola sub- 
splnosis. 

In sylva Canelos adest forma tenuis perangustifolia, crebre stolonifera, 
aliis flagellis folia parva sola, aliis etiam radicellas prodentibus. 


HERBERTA JUNIPERINA (Sw.). 
Jungermantia juniperina Sw. Fl. Ind. Occid. 


Hub. ad arbores in sylva Canelos et in M. Tunguragua, alt. 1800-2400™ 
(R. 8. 1857). In insulis Antillis et in Mexico quoque inventa est 
(Swartz, LIEBMANN, Wc.). 

F 4-0 x 1:15; c. medie 3, ; br 4°5; per 5°5 x 1:0, lac 2°3m™, 

Robusta flavo-viridis, inferne badia, in pulvinulos pendulos congesta. 

Caudex prostratus flexuosus flagellifer, caules 4—9-pollicares, plus 
minus pendulos, arhizos, paulo et subfastigatim ‘amosos, ramosque 
innovando-proliferos, proferens. 

Folia transversa imbricata deflexo-secunda ad $ bifida, dimidio inferiore 
ovali convolutivo-amplexicauli, laciniis lato-subulatis (postica sub- 
angustiore) inter se ad angulum acutum (20°-40°) divergentibus, 
sensim acuminatis acutis, subplanis vix fragilibus, margine basi ipsa 
utringue subtridenticulata, caetero integerrima vel (superiora pre- 
cipue) hic illic dentienlo armata ; cellule axiales elongate triplo 
fere longiores quam late, intus ob fibram spiralem inclusam 6-14- 
sinuatee, valde pachydermes, laterales 2-8plo minores subrhombez, 
omnes subpellucidz, cuticula minute verruculosa. 

Foliola foliis equimagna erecta, laciniis wequilatis, magis divaricatis. 

Flores dioici: @ terminales, innovationibus 1-3 suffulti (quarum altra 
plerumque elongata iterum prolifera) Bracteze plurijuge foliis 
perpaulo longiores, firmiores, saturatius coloratee, congestee decurvo-- 
squarrosulz profunde (ad #) bilobe, lobis canaliculato-suleatis, 
margine, basin versus priecipue, incise, dentibus varie hamatis. 


HerpBerra. 343 


Pistillidia ad 24 inveni, a basi ovali lineari-teretia, ore lobulis 
3 brevibus recurvis hiantia. 

Perianthia apice emersa fusiformi-subulata, 5plo longiora quam lata, 
alte 3-plicata, plicis dorso latis canaliculatis (unde perianthia 6-plicata 
viderentur), ab apice ultra } sexfida, segmentis recurvo-canaliculatis 
acuminatis, basi hamato-incisis. 

Syn. Sendtnera juniperina Endl. Nees; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 239; Gottsch. 
Mex. Leverm. 

Forma typica, Antillana et Mexicana, sec. cl. Gottsche folia habet 
magis armata, utraque basi 5-10-dentata, cellulis basalibus medianis 
15-22-sinuatis. Nostra pro var. andina habenda, cujus subvars. duas in 
eodem monte Tunguragua inveni: se. 

1. acutata, foliis basi subinermibus, cruribus potius acutatis quam sub- 
acuminatis appellandis; bracteis ad } solum (neque ad #) fissis 
minusque armatis. 

2. heteroclada, 2-3-pollicaris robusta, basi ramosa et crebre flagellifera ; 
foliis magnis latis confertissimis, vix tamen, vel basi sola, imbricatis, 
distiche vero patentibus et fere squarrosis, parum deflexis, cruribus 
latioribus brevioribusque.—In sylva Canelos forma parum diversa, 
ramos e basi alios elatos 9-pollicares subparvifolios, alios breves, 
foliis maximis (ad 6™™ longis) squarroso-patentibus, cruribus angustis, 
vestitos proferens, invenitur. 


3. HERBERTA BIVITTATA, Spruce. 


Hab, in monte Campana Andium Peruvianorum, ad saxa, alt. 1200™™. 

#30x1°6,2C@x1'1; ¢ 46; ¢ vittee 7;—; 67 5:0; per 50x 15™. 

Cxspites robusti fulvi. Caudex niger prostratus breviusculus flexuosus 
ramosus rudimentarie foliosus, radicellosus, parce flagellifer ; caules 
assurgentes, dein arcuato-pendulos, 3-5-pollicares, basin versus sub- 
nudos, superne densifolios, subramosos, proferens. 

Folia transversa confertissima distiche devexo-subsecunda, late ovata, ad 
ae laciniis semilanceolatis acuminatis acutis, parum canalicu- 
atis, margine planis vel apice recurvulis, utraque basi decurrentia 
et ciliis 3-4 (seepe obsoletis) aucta, ceeterum integerrima vel dente 
hamato uno alterove hic illic armata, ab ipsa basi vittis (ad nervorum 
instar) binatis, parum divergentibus, in laciniarum apice evanescenti- 
bus, aurantiacis, medio 3-4 cellulas latis, inferne sublatioribus, apice 
angustioribus, percursa; cellule parvee suboblongze pachydermes vix 
scaberule, intus sinuate, vittarum tamen 3-4-plo longiores, lineares, 
obscure sinuate, 

Foliola foliis paulo angustiora, symmetrica, bivittata, utraque basi decur- 
rentia fimbriataque. 

Flores dioici: foem. terminales, innovatione suffulti. Bracteze plurijuge 
arctissime imbricate foliis multo longiores, vix ultra 4 bilide, 
exteriores late canaliculate, interiores bisuleze, omnes corrugatie, 
margine inferne ciliis retrorsis, superne ad apicem usque spinis dis- 
sitis varie hamatis, armatze, lobis margine recurvis. 

Perianthia immersa ovato-lanceolato-fusiformia 3-gono-plicata, plicis dorso 
suleo exaratis, apice ad } fissa, segmentis tenui-acuminatis longi- 
spinis. 

In eodem monte adveniunt varietates due, sc. 

1. perissodonta, robusta, foliis preelatis undulatis, medio margine utrinque 

spina magna (lobulove) auctis. 


344 HERBERTA. 


sulpilifera, foliis angustioribus paulo ultra medium bifidis, cruribus 
subpiliferis, margine, basi ciliata excepta, inermibus.—Ommes forme 
foliis confertissimis anguste bivittatis conveniunt.—H. runcinata 
(Tayl.), ex insula Chiloe, folia caulina habet cordato-oblonga basi 
runcinato-dentata, quod in nostra solum in f. involucralibus obtinet. 


4, HERBERTA ACANTHELIA, Spruce. 


Hab, In sylvaticis frigidis montium Mulmél et Tunguragua, ad frutices 
et arborum truncos. 

F 4:0 x 2:0, 6°0 x 2°0; c. vitte ,4, laterales 3, ; br 9°0x3°5; per95x 20; 
cal 3°0™™ ; caps. valvulee 3°5™™ longee, cruribus °7 et 1:0™™ latis. 
Robusta elata fulva, ceespites magnos pendulos efformans. Caules 3-9- 
pollicares, e caudice ope flagellorum in matrice alte adrepente, 
arcuato-dependentes, simplices vel subramosi perseepeque prolifero- 
elongati. Flagella foliis minutis tristichis bifidis, is Cephalozie 
bicuspidate haud absimilibus, sparse vestita; radicellas e medio 
dorso foliorum, juxta sinum—neque e basi—fasciculatas proferentia. 

Folia dense imbricata decurvo-secunda, hamata, ovato-acuminata, con- 
cava, mMargine basin versus runcinato-ciliata, raro subspinosa, ab 
apice ad 3-7 usque bifida, cruribus lanceolato-subulatis longissime 
sensim acuminatis, apice tenui seepe incano obsolete denticulatis, 
canaliculatis, altero (postico) dimidio angustiore ; cellula mediz 
valde elongate pluriseriatee utrinque autem in cellulas parvas nor- 
males subrhomboideo-fusiformes sensim transeuntes (sicuti solum in 
cruribus vitta distincta apparet), omnes cellule valde pachydermes. 

Foliola fere equilonga, angustiora, paulo ultra 4 fissa, cruribus diver- 
gentibus, basi subcordata, auriculis brevibus hamato-ciliatis. 

Flores dioici: foem, terminales, cum innovatione. Bractez plurijuge 
confertissime, foliis dimidio longiores, ad 4} solum bifida, basi 
ciliis longis tortis, superne spinulis hamatis armate, bisulce et 
corrugatee, lobis a basi lata acuminatis, acumine caudiformi flexuoso 
seepe decurvo subintegerrimo. 

Perianthia vix apice ipso emersa, ovato-subulata, profunde 3-plicata, 
plicis profunde bisuleis valde corrugatis, ab ore ad } usque 6-fida, 
laciniis basi hamato-ciliatis apice caudato-acuminato spinosis sub- 
integerrimisve. Calyptra triplo brevior obovata albescens opaca, 
cellulam unicam crassa, demum profunde trifida. Capsula magna 
subglobosa, pedicello valido sat alte exserta, valvulis profunde 
bipartitis, cruribus (ad foliorum instar) inzequilatis. Elateres elon- 
gati tenues flexuosi, helice duplice impleti. Spore majusculee 
elateribus 4-plo latiores globose crebre muriculatze. 


VIII. LEPICOLEA, Dun. 


Recueil, &e. (1835) ; Leperoma Mitt. in Hook. Handb. N. Zeal. 
Fl. (1867); Sendtnerew sp. Syn. Hep. (1845); Jungermania sp. 
Hook. Muse. Exot. (1816), 

Plante, elate flavidee vel griseo-virentes, pinnatim ramose, ramis 
perseepe apice attenuato flagellaribus, omnibus lateralibus, 

Folia tristicha incuba sat magna, planiuseula (nee complicata), 


LEPICOLKEA. 345 


profunde bis bifida, laciniis angustis apice sepe capillaceis, margine 
(basin versus precipue) semper fere pulchre ciliatis ; cellu/w@ majus- 
cule subconformes scaberule. lores dioici:  ramulo perbrevi 
simplice constantes, yactew plurijugee, parvee, interiores perianthio 
adnate nonnisi apice libere.  Perianthia campanulata, propter 
bracteas aceretas ad speciem ramentacco-hirsuta. Calyptia 
Capsula (L. ochroleuce, fide cl. Gottsche) brevipedicellata, subglobosa, 
ad basin usque 4-valvis, 5-strata ; cellule stratorum 4 exteriorum 
pariete irregulariter incrassato, strati intimi fibras semicirculares 
monstrantes. lateres tenues dispiri; alii pauci capsule fundo 
adfixi, majores cylindrici, late wnispir7, demum cum _ ceteris 
elateribus decidui. Spore .... Andreecia . 

Hab. Ad arbores et saxa. 

Distr. Per tropicos et zonam temperatam australem sparse. 
L. ochroleuca, fide auctorum, neotropica, paleotrepica et australasica 
est ; anne autem una solf specie constans? Ipse in sylvis Andium 
Quitensium unicam speciem, antea a cl. Jameson inventam, leg. 
Sine dubio ad Zepicoleam referenda est, L. ochroleuce proxima, 
quamvis flores utriusque sexus adhue nobis latent. Quum de nulla 
Lepicolee specie fructum examinare mihi contigit, descriptionem 
capsule ete., a cl. Gottsche (Mex. Leverm.) mutuam sumpsi. 

Mastigophora Nees. differt perianthio ab involucro perfecte libero ; 
foliis bi-vel trifidis (nunquam bis bifidis) lobulo postico parvo et 
complicato ; foliis posticis minoribus, a lateralibus plus minus 
diversiformibus. 


1. LEPICOLEA PRUINOSA, Tayl. 


Sendtnera pruinosa, Tay]. in Lond. Journ. Bot. (1846), Syn. Hep. 722. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in monte Tunguragua, alt. 2500™, ad arborum 
truncos et in ipsa terra. In sylvis montis Pichincha (J AMESON). 

F et f 27 x16, 19x 1:25, 18x 10, ¢ Am™™, 

Elata robusta caespitosa flavescens, zetate fuscescens. Caules 6—7-pollicares 
suberecti pendulive apicem decurvo-circinatum versus seepe fastigiatim 
divisi, deinde bipinnati, pinnis subpollicaribus et vel iterum pinnatis 
vel ex parte dichotomis, pinnulisque apice attenuato decurvo-secundis. 
Caules ramique paraphylliis setiformibus, 4~-8-cellulas longis, basi sola 
2c. latis, rectis incurvisve, facie inferiore praecipue crebrius obsessi. 

Folia arete imbricata—terminalia densissima—incuba erecta concavula, 
suboblique ovato-quadrata, ad % usque bis bifida, laciniis lineari- 
subulatis capillaceo-acuminatis, toto margine—antico rotundato 
precipue—laciniata et longiciliata, ciliis flexuosis, seepe ramosis 
intricatisque, apice sepe canescentibus; cellule majuscule ovali- 
hexagon subprominule leptodermes subpellucide verruculose. 
Folia axillaria, e quorum gremio rami orti sunt, cordato-triangularia 


346 LEPICOLEA. 


acuminata, bicuspidata (nee quadrifida) ; quoad insertionem semi- 
anticam ceteris foliis conformia sunt. 

Foliola foliis eequimagna vel etiam sublatiora, imbricata, ad ? bis bifida, 
laciniis capillaceo-acuminatis, extimis sepe inzqualiter bifidis, 
mediis raro subtrifidis plerumque integris, margine toto Inequaliter 
longiciliato. 

Flores nullos invenire potui. 

Var. equabilis (Sendtnera wquabilis, Tayl. 1. ¢.), forma gracilescens, ad fl. 
Napo acl. JAMESON, ad fl. Pastasa (in sylva Canelos) a meipso lecta, 
folia foliolaque habet subdissita, minus longe ciliata, caules sparsius 
setulosos, et ramos seepe ex parte denudatos.—Pruina, a cl. Taylor 
descripta, forsan plantula parasita erit; paraphyllia contra omnino 
pretervidit. 


IX. CHAETOCOLEA, nov. gen. 


A Lepicolea differt statura pusilla, habitu Cephaloziew cujusdam ; 
foliis suceubis, foliolisque palmatifidis, margine integerrimis ; 
floribus 2 in ecaule innovando ferminalibus ; bracteis exterioribus 
ciliato-multifidis ; perianthio (ad Lepicolee instar macrostomo, e 
bracteis internis adnatis ramentaceo) ore longiciliato, ciliis conni- 
ventibus. Cum T7vichocolea foliis succubis convenit, longius autem 
distat minutie, foliorum laciniis simplicibus (nec ramosissimis) et 
perianthii distincti presentia.—Calyptra, capsula ete. ignota restant. 
Androecia in diversa planta terminalia, bracteis monandris. 

Hab, et Distr. Genus in die unica specie, meipso in sylvaticis 
Andium Quitensium lecta, constat. 


1, CH#TOCOLEA PALMATA, Spruce, (Tab. XII.) 


Hab, Andes Quitenses, in monte Twnaguragua alt. 2400—2700™, ubi sub 
fruticum umbra, super terram necnon ramulos foliaque emortua, 
latissime extenditur. Plante utriusque sexus immixte crescunt, 
florem autem fertilem invenire non potui. 


F’. caulina ‘8 ad *9™™ longa, lat. media ‘4 ad *5™™; lacinie *3 ad *5™m 
longa; f subfloralia 1:1 x 1:1™; foliola -4—-45 longa; cellule s4— 75 5 
pertanthii alt. 1:3, cireumf. 3°0, cilia ad *8™™, 

Tenella, rufo-badia, late laxe effusa. Caules semipollicares ascendentes 
tenues fragiles flexuosi, radicellis implexi, parce et subprolifero- 
ramosi. Rami plerique postici, intra folioli angulum orti, pauci 
foliis lateralibus axillares. Cellulee caulis in strata tria concentrica 
disposité, in series longitudinales sub 18 ordinatee, quarum corticales 
sub 10-seriate, ceeteris haud majores, parietibus autem validis opacis 
et coloratis, interiores leptodermes pellucidee, 

Folia suecuba, dissita, apicalia tamen conferta, pleraque late patula, e basi 
angustiuseulé diagonali cuneata, ad meditm usque palmatim 3-5-fida 
(seepius 4-fida) ; laciniis subinzequalibus subulato-setaceis divergenti- 
bus, basin versus cellulas 2 v. 3, superne unam solam latis; cellule 


CHATOCOLEA. 347 


superiores mediocres majusculzve oblongo-4—6-gonie, inferiores 
majores subrectangulares (,!;—y'5 X sp™), omnes ad angulos parum 
incrassatie, cuticula minute verrticuloso- striolata. 

Foliola foliis ‘duplo breviora, bis bipartita, laciniis setaceis, externis 
brevioribus, basin versus radicellifera. 

Flores dioici: 2 in caule seepe innovando-prolifero terminales, capitati. 
Bractez tristichie, plurijugee, exteriores foliis majures, latiores, ciliato- 
multifidie, ciliis 10-12, aliis ramosis; intimee perianthio adnate, 
multifidee, apicibus (laciniis) setaceis solum liberis. 

Perianthia subemersa cupuliformia, fere hemispherica, extus bracte- 
arum apicibus setoso-villosa, macrostoma, ore tamen cillis praelongis 
conniventibus fere clausa. 

Flores g in planta propria spicam terminalem sistentes ; bractew 
pancijugee, foliis equimagnie, 3-4-fidee, turgidee, monandree. 

Obs. Cum caulibus floriferis mixti sxepe adveniunt alii plures steriles, 
filiformes, foliis bi-trifidis et foliolis semel bipartitis vestiti, omnibus 
laciniis setaceis, iis Blepharostomatis simillimis. 


X. LEIOMITRA, Lindb. 
Hep. in Hibernia lect. p. 515 (1875); Trichocolee sp. G. L. 
N. Spec. Hep. 

Plante elatze speciose, plerumque denso cespite crescentes, 
pallide vel fulvz, e foliis capillaceo-multifidis ad speciem lanate. 
Caules validi erecti pendulive, rarius reptantes, subarhizi, pinnati 
vel bipinnati. Folia vel alterna vel subopposita, succuba, basi 
obliqua inserta, profunde 4 —7-fida-partitave, laciniis subulato- 
capillaciis plurifidis, sepe primum pinnatis, deinde  iteratim 
2-3-fureis ; lacinulis omnibus capillaceis, cellulis uniseriatis angustis, 
eylindricis vel truncato-conicis, minute verruculosis conflatis. Folia 
facie externa nuda, nisi quod in speciebus caule setoso gaudentibus 
folia caulina simili modo tergo setulosa inveniuntur. Joliola foliis 
subbreviora, pro m. sublatiora, bis bipartita, laciniis ad foliorum instar 
eapillaceo-multifidis. Joves dioici: ? in eaule, interdum etiam in 
ramis superioribus terminales, innovatione nulla suffulti. Bracte« 
sub trijuge, intime foliis triplo longiores, primum 10—12-fide, 
plerumque inter se liberee, extus setis furcatis obsite.  Pistillidia 
plurima. 

Perianthium proprium nullum. Calyptra ovali-vel pyriformi- 
globosa, involucro velata ab codem libera, semiinfera tamen, infra 
medium carnosa ibidemque pistillidiis sterilibus onusta. Pedicellus 
validus, plerumque breviusculus. Capsula magna subglobosa 
2-6-strata, cellulis intimis fibris semiannularibus repletis, ad basin 
usque 4-valvis. Hlateres sat longi, tenues dispiri decid. Spore 
minute, diametro elaterum parum excedentes, scaberule. Andrecia 
terminalia; bractez paucse, foliis subconformes, monandre. 


348 LEIOMITRA. 


Hab. Ad arborum truncos et saxa, raro in terra vel inter muscos 
reptantes, 

Distr. Pauce species adhuc cognitz in sylvaticis montosis zone 
torridee habitant. Ipse in Andibus 4 species (quarum 3 novas) legi. 

Trichocolea Dum. differt bracteis interioribus inter se et cum 
calyptra basi concretis, apice solo liberis ; calyptra clavato-obconica 
extus bractearum apicibus setoso-ramosis villosa; flore 9 seepius in 
‘aulis furea posito, Czeterum, quoad habitum, folia primum palmata 
dein capillaceo-muitifida, &e., a Letomitra parum differt. Hab. in 
paludibus zonarum temperatarum (Europa; Novo-Zelandia, &c.). 


§ 1. Caulis inter folia nudus, glaber. 


_ 


. L. tomentosa. Virescens fulvave plumzformi-pinnata, pinnis decurvis. 
F. conferta subopposita profunde 5-fida, limbo basali 2-3-cell. lato, 
cruribus bis trifidis, medio interdum pinnato. FL @ in caule et 
ramis paucis superioribus terminales, corymbulum sistentes. Br. 
intime ad }—% plurifidee, laciniis sub 12, limbo basali pluricarinato, 
ad earinas ciliato. Calyptra globoso-pyriformis. 

. L. flaccida. Virescens laxe pinnata, pinnis substrictis. F. subopposita, 
vix ultra dimidium 4-fida, limbo basali 3-6c. alto, cruribus omnibus 
pinnatis, pinnis 3-2-furcis. Fl. Q in caule, raro in ramis, termi- 
nales. Br. vix ad 4 fissze, laterales 10—12-fidee, media (br’*) solum 
4-fida. Calyptra globosa. 

L. sphagnoides. Elatissima, albida stramineave, pinnata et bipinnata, 
frondem linearem sistens. F. alterna densa 5-partita, limbo basali 
1-3c.-lato, cruribus pinnatis, pinnis hamatis 3-2-furcis, lacinulis 
ultimis omnibus (idem ac foliolorum) valde capillaceis. 


to 


nw 


§ 2. Caulis paraphylliis scaber. 

. L. paraphyllina. Flavo-virescens, laxe bipinnata, ciule paraphylhis 
setiformibus 2-3-furcis obsito. F. alterna, basi prelata inserta, 
caulina duplo latiora quam longa, profunde 7-fida, limbo basali sub 
6c. lato, cruribus primum verticillatim 3-5-laciniatis dein pinnatis 
vel bis 2-8-fidis. Fl. in caule terminales. Br. vix ultra 4 in lacinias 
10 fissee. Calyptra magna ovali-globosa. 


A 


1, LEfOMITRA TOMENTOSA (Sw.) 
Jungermania tomentosa, Sw. Fl. Ind. Oceid. 


Hab. in sylva Canelos Andium Quitensium, ad arborum truncos. (R. Ss. 
1857.) In insulis Antillis, frequens (Swartz, Husnot, &c.). 

F.10x'5; ¢ py; f °85x'8, 65x ‘5; frinvol. 3:0x1°3 (bast), x 3°8mm 
(apice). 

Pallide viridis vel fulva, in cespites suberectos pendulosve congesta. 
Caules 3-pollicares seepe subfureati, deinde plumeformi-pinnati, 
pinnis 5™™" longis plus minus decurvis. 

Folia conferta subopposita succuba (insertione ad angulum peracutum) 
late patentia, apice incurvo-crecta, oblique cuneata, profunde (ad 
$4) 5-fida, limbo hasali 2 vel 3 cellulas lato; segmentis bis trifidis ; 


LELOMITRA. 349 


laciniis haud in planum porrectis, media autem cujusque faseiculi 
paulo extante, setaceis apice capillaceo pungentibus. Segmenta 
secundaria media subinde pinnata, lateralia solum bierura. Cellule 
anguste rectangulari-oblonge, leptodermes, crebre minute verru- 
culosze, laciniarum tenuiores. 

Foliola foliis subbreviora, parum latiora, imbricata suberecta bis bipartita, 
segmentis subdivergentibus, eodem modo ae folii divisis, laciniis 
capillaceis intricatis. 

Flores dioici. Caulis ipse, perstepeque rami 2 vel 4 breves, suboppositi, 
caulis apici proxime orti, apice (in corymbuli 3—5-floris modum) 
florem 2 gerunt. Bracteze (s. folia involucralia) sub 3-jugee, inter 
se liberee, foliis caulinis triplo majores, magis fissee, intima ad 4—3 
sulum plurifida; laciniis ad 12, bis trifidis; limbo integro basali 
extus leniter pluricarinato et ad carinas ciliis bi-trifurcis obsesso. 
Caulis apice, pro calyptre basis constrictee et pedicelli basi bulbosi 
receptione, profunde excavatus. Calyptra involucro subduplo 
(subinde vix) brevior, globoso-pyriformis, apice demum irregulariter 
rupta, basi pro brevi spatio cum caulis orificio tubulari concreta, a 
bracteis tamen libera, juxta basin carnosa et pistillidiis sterilibus 
obsessa. Capsula magna globosa 6-strata. Elateres tenues elongati 
bispiri. Spore minut, diametro elaterum vix duplo latiores. 

In m. Campana advenit forma ejusdem speciei, fl. Q autem semper rami- 
genis, nunquam in ipso caule terminalibus. 


2, LEIOMITRA FLACCIDA, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylva Canelos, ad arbores vetustas, a. 1857. 

F 10x11, 1:1x1°3; ¢ 4;—4; f* 8x 1:3; br 2°5; cal 15x 1-5™™, 

Pallide viridis flaccida, muscis irrepens intricataque. Caules 3-pollicares 
laxe pinnati, pinnis brevibus subrectis. 

Folia per paria approximata alternave, late (fere squarrose) pateutia, basi 
haud dilatataé, parum obliqua v, fere transversali, inserta, cuneato- 
trapeziformia, antice multo longiora, apice vix ultra medium 4-fida, 
limbo basali antice 6-cell., postice 3-4 cell. lato, laciniis subulato- 
capillaceis, pinnatis, pinnis paucis 3-(2-)furcis, segmentis ultimis 
setaceis attenuatis sub 4c. longis; cellule magne, inferiores vix 
duplo longiores quam late, subpellucidee verruculose. Limbus 
foliorum rameorum basalis angustior, nisi pro latere supero obliquo, 
fere parallelogrammus. 

Foliola quadripartita (bis bipartita), limbo basali solum 1-2e. lato, foliis 
breviora latioraque, laciniis tis foliorum simillimis angustioribus, 
basi hinc—rarius utrinque—folio adjacente connata. 

Flores dioici; ? in caulis apice incrassato terminales, sine innovatione ; 
bracte intime foliis 2}-plo longiores, vix ad dimidium plurifid, 
extus setis apice 2-3-furcis crebris obsessee; laciniis bractearum 
lateralium 10—12, bracteole intermediz solum 4, iis foliolorum 
similibus. Calyptra (=bracteze #) globosa, basi sola intra caulis 
apicem recepta eidemque adnata, dein libera, inferne 3-4 cell. crassa 
ibidemque pistillidiis paucis sparsa, apicem ruptum versus sensim 
attenuata. [Pistillidia in fl. sterili ad 30.] 

Forma in M. Campana, in spelunca vigens, eadem est ac DL. flaccida, 
floribus ? tamen seepe in ramis abbreyiatis terminalibus. 


350 LEIOMITRA. 


3. LEIOMITRA SPHAGNOIDES, Spruce. 


Hab. ad arborum truncos et in terra vegetabili umbrosa, in monte 
Tunguragua, alt, 2500™, 

F llx 8, 9x 65; Wis Ox 9; Cc yo. 

Ciespites elati densi albidi stramineive. Caules 9-12-pollicares rigidius- 
culi erecti pendulive, pinnati et subbipinnati, frondem linearem 
sistentes; pinne spatio 5™™ dissita, sub 10™™ longe, decurvule, 
simplices vel plerumque ramulis 1-3 pinnulate, densifoliz. 

Folia arete imbricata alterna, ad insertionem diagonalem fere usque 
5-partita, limbo basali 1-3 cell. lato, cruribus pinnatis, pinis tri- 
bifurcis incurvo-hamatis, lacinulis capillaceis ad 8 cellulas longis; 
cellule magne, basales 2-plo, lacinularum autem 4-plo, longiores 
quam latee, pellucidie asperulie, 

Foliola’ paulo breviora, sublatiora tamen, 4-partita, laciniis mediis 
majoribus pinnatis, pinnis 2-3-furcis, lacinulis omnibus valde 
attenuato-capillaceis, 

In eodem monte advenit altera forma ejusdem speciei (ut videretur) 
caule breviore, 3-pollicari, robustiore, ramis confertis decurvo-secundis 
seepe simplicibus ; foliis vix tam profunde fissis. Utraque forma solum 
sterilis visa fuit. 


4, LEIOMITRA PARAPHYLLINA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in trunco carioso montis Guayrapata, alt. 3000" ; 
ad saxa umbrosa prope predium Antombos, 

Caulis sectio ‘85 x °6, cell. caulis 35; f. caulina 1°5 x 2°8, ramea 11x15; 
c. folit pe—ay; f® 13x15, 9x10; br 4:5 (alte); caps. 16x15; 
calyptra 3°0 x 2°5; elateres ‘45 —5; anth, *25™™, 

Laxe caspitosa, e pallide viridi flavida. Caules 4-pollicares laxe bipinnati, 
ramis ramulisque paucis dissitis decurvulis, validi, albidi, ubique 
inter folia paraphyllis setiformibus semel bisve 2-3-fidis obsessi. 

Folia succuba imbricata alterna, basi prelat&é subobliqué inserta, caulina 
duplo latiora quam longa, profunde 7-fida, limbo basali cellulas sub 
6 lato; laciniz assurgentes, basi 3-4-cell. late, subulato-capillacee, 
primum in crura 3-5 verticillatim divisee, deinde subpinnate vel 
bis tri-bifide, cruribus omnibus subdeflexis cellulis uniseriatis con- 
flatis apice sensim attenuatis; f. ramea minora, solum 5-fida, ceeterum 
subeonformia; folia omnia facie externa setis 2-3-furcis, basin versus 
precipue, sparsa; cellulee magni, subcylindrice, vix duplo longiores 
quam late, verruculosze, fere vacue. 

Foliola imbricata, suberecta, foliis paulo breviora angustioraque, profunde 
bis bifida, postea ad foliorum instar fissa, 

Flores dioici: 9 in caule terminales, sine ulla innovatione. Bracteze 
congeste, tres intimee foliis 3-plo longiores, in cupule formam verti- 
cillatee, liberse tamen, vel bracteola (media) hine cum _ bractea 
adjacente basi connata, vix ultra 4 plurifidee, laciniis ad 10, eodem 
modo ac foliorum divisis, extus setosee. Calyptra magna, libera, 
basi sola cum caulis orificio apicali concreta, ovali-clobosa, a basi ad 
medium usque inerassata et pistillidiis sterilibus plurimis onusta. 
Pedicellus 8—10™™ altus, involucrum solum daa superans. 
Capsula magna subglobosa, fere nigra, ad basin usque in valvulas 4, 
ovali-lanceolatas obtusas opacas bistratas fissa. Elateres elongati 


TRIGONANTHEA, Bay 


tenues bispiri. Spore minute, diametro eclateres vix excedentes, 
minute scaberule, 

Andreecia in caule ramisve terminales vel subterminales; bractec 
paucijuge, foliis proximis vix diverse; antheridia solitaria magna 
globosa stipitata. 

Cum typo advenit forma brevior, magis robusta, fulva, seepe simpliciter 
pinnata, foliolis plerisque 6-fidis. 


Subtribus IV. TRIGONANTHE 2. 
Spruce in tract. ‘De Cephalozia.’ Lepidoziew Lindberg, 
Hep. Hibern, ex p. Zvrichomanoidee N. Syn. Hep. ex p. 

Plante elatiuscule vel pusilla, interdum minute, prom. depresso- 
cxspitose, latas plagas sistentes; virides vel haud raro albicantes 
flavideeve, rarius badiz lurideve, in perpaucis speciebus roseo picte. 
Caules prostrati vel assurgentes, nunc validi, nunc tenuissimi, 
diverso modo ramosi; alii rami, floriferi pracipue—in quibusdam 
generibus omnes—postici; in unico genere Anomoclada rami 
foliosi et floriferi antici, radicelliferi postici, nullo lateral. Folia 
alterna, in perpaucis opposita, omnimodo inserta, omniformia fere 
inter setacea et orbiculata, raro ad squamulas minutas redacta, in 
Cephalozie subgenere Pteropsiella in limbum aleformem connata ; 
in paucis integra, in plerisque biloba, in plerisque aliis 3—4-lobata- 
dentatave ; margine integerrimo vel dentato, plano vel incurvo 
(nunquam, ut videtur, recurvo); cellule persepe majuscule vel 
mediocres, in perpaucis preminute. oliola in aliis nulla vel 
adventitia, in aliis parva minutave, in perpaucis (Lepidozie speciebus 
precipue) foliis lateralibus parum minora. lores in speciebus 
robustioribus semper fere dioici, in pusillis sape monoici (raro 
paroici); feminei vix non constanter in ramo hypogeno, brevis- 
simo vel longiusculo, in quibusdam Cephaloziis autem in ipso caule, 
terminales. Bructec trijugee vel pauciores, tristiche, rarissime solum 
distichze, foliis rarius conformes, seepe majores, magis fisse, intime 
interdum in cyathum plus minus alte connate, a perianthio autem 
libere. (In genere marsupialio, Kantia, bractese in etate etiam 
parve restant, squamiformes, marsupii orificlum circumstantes), 
Pistillidia 10-20. Perianthiwm (Kantie excepto) semper presens, 
tam ab involucro quam a calyptra perfecte liberum, trigonum—a 
fronte subplano compressulum, angulos duos laterales, tertium 
posticum ostendens—raro 3-6-gonum ; angulis plicisve constanter 
inermibus, superne argutioribus, unde peranthium (initio seepe hians) 
apice plus minus subulato-constrictum evenit, ore repando, dentato 


OFS 


ov2 PRIGONANTHELE. 


vel ciliato, raro laciniato. Marsupium Aantiw, “ perianthium ” 
sistens, pendulum, subcylindricum carnosum, radicellis  villosum. 
Calyptra plerumque, parva, pyriformis, seepe carnosula, in plurimis 
perfecte libera et supera, in paucis dimidio inferiore receptaculo 
(cum suis pistillidiis) adnata; in Kania cum marsupio alte concreta, 
ipso apice pistillidia sterilia gerens. Capsula in pedicello breviusculo 
vel elongato, sat magna, vix unquam subglobosa, pro more oblonga 
vel subeylindriea, ad basin usque 4-valvis ; valvule rectee-—solum in 
Kantia contorte—bistrate, in Lepidozia tamen et Bazzania 
4-5-strate ; cellule strati intimi semper fere fibris semiannularibus 
fulcite. Huteres. tenues dispiri. Spore minute globose sepius 
asperule. Andracia in plerisque specicbus amentulis hypogenis 
tenuibus constantia; in aliis autem ad ramos, raro ad caulem, 
spicam apicalem, mediam vel basalem sistentia, bracteis foliis norma- 
libus consecutivis. Antheridia normaliter solitaria, solum in 
plerisque Bazzaniis binata. 


This subtribe is, with very rare exceptions, well distinguished from the 
two preceding ones by the @ flowers being hypogenous, or postical, 
usually on a branch shortened down to the floral envelopes alone. Of 
genera already described, Porella, Lepicolea, &c., have the flowering 
branches similarly abbreviated, but laterally—not postically—inserted 
on the stem. The few aberrant species of Trigonanthee with lateral 
(pleurogenous) or acrogenous @ flowers belong mainly to the genus 
Cephalozia. 

Not only are the 2 branches mostly postical, but normally-leafy 
branches having the same origin exist in nearly every genus ; and in 
some genera all the branches—leafy, floriterous, and radicelliferous—are 
solely postical, e.g., in Kantia, Arachniopsis, Adelanthus, and in most 
Cephalozie. The unique feature of antical leafy and flowering branches, 
combined with postical rooting branches, and the entire absence of lateral 
branches, characterises the curious genus Anomoclada, whose inflorescence 
and fruit are almost exactly those of Cephalozia. 

The ¢ organs, in most Trigonanthew relegated to minute postical 
catkins, are less constant than the 9 to that position. Even in genera 
where the @ flowers are invariably postical, the ¢ flowers may form a 
spike terminating a lateral branch, as in certain Lepidoxie, especially the 
minuter species; or the androcium may be basal, medial or terminal on 
a branch, or even on the main stem, the bracts being consecutive with 
leaves of normal form, which is to be noted in several Cephalozee. 

The trigonous perianth (with the third angle on the underside), usually 
so constricted upwards as to end in a narrow pyramid, prevails nearly 
throughout the Trigonanthee. A fourth angle is added on in Mytilopsis, 
and occasionally in certain Bazzanie. In a few Cephalozielle supple- 
mentary angles make the perianth 3-6-angled, the number of angles 
varying often in one and the same species.* 


See, for a fuller account of the morphology of the perianth in Trigonanthew, 
the memoir ‘On Cephalozia,’ above-cited. 


TRIGONAN THEA. 353 


The equably tristichous foliage, which with few exceptions prevails 
throughout the Ptilidiee, bas no parallel in Trigonanthee, and rarely any 
approach to it. In Lepidozia the underleaves are in rare cases nearly as 
large as the side-leaves, but the constantly hypogenous fructification 
separates the genus from all Ptilidice. 


CONSPECTUS GENERUM. 
$1. Rami omnes hypogeni s. postict, rarissime in subgenere Cepha- 
loaiella ex p. laterales, Folia alterna. Antheridia normaliter solitaria. 
Capsule bistrate. 


A. Perianthium normale. Folia succuba v. subtransversa, foliolis 
(nist floralibus) perseepe carentia. 


11, AraAcHNtiopsis. F. capillacea, aliarum specierum unicrura, aliarum 
bicrura, cruribus ab ipsa basi distinctis. Fl 9 constanter cladogeni. 

16. CepHALOzIA. Caules omnibus fere prostrati tenelli, paucis subrobusti. 
F. sat lata (nunquam capillacea) integra bifidave, raro bipartita, 
margine integerrima in perpaucis dentata; rarissime nulla preter ad 
florescentias. Fl. 2 in plurimis cladogeni, in aliis autem ex p. clado- 
geni, Calyptra perfecte supera, pistillidiis sterilibus basi cireumdata. 

_ Caps. oblonga. 

17. ADELANTHUS. Caules e candice repente suberecti pauciramei flagelli- 
feri, apice subcircinati. F. sat magna et lata subrotunda decurvo- 
secunda, utplurimum argute dentata (ad Plagiochile instar, basi 
autem antica incurva—neec recurva), reti valido, folii mediam basin 
versus persxepe longiore vittam sistente. Fl. constanter cladogeni. 
Cal. semiinfera, dimidio inferiore pistillidiis sterilibus onusta. 

15. Myrinopsis. Caules e caudice rhizomatoso orti, cum foliis compresso- 
plani, frondem simulantes, solum e facie postica subramosi. F. arcte 
complicato-biloba, lobis valvulisve zqualibus, ad apicem usque con- 
natis. F!* nulla. Fl. cladogeni: ¢ monandri. Per. longum et 
angustum inferne 4-angulum, apice 6-8-plicatum longiciliatum. 
Caps. oblongo-eylindrica. 


B. Perianthium marsupium subterraneum sistens. 


19. Kantia,  F. incuba, foliolis majusculis ubique adjectis. 


§ 2, Rami foliosi et florifert antici, radicellifert postici. 
18. ANomMocLaDA. F. suecuba, foliolis adjectis. 


$3. Rami foliosi—interdum etiam masculi—laterales, unde caulis pin- 
natus dichotomusve evadit. Raro adjectus est ramus posticus normaliter 
foliosus et ramulosus. Rami radicelliferi (flagella) autem, ut et feminei— 
plerumque etiam masculi—postict ; floriferi simplicissimi. F. incuba. F™@ 
ubique presentia. Capsula valida, sepius pluristrata. 


12. Leprpozia. Caules pinnatim ramosi, sepe plumeformes, in paucis 
speciebus flagella postica proferentes. F. oblique ovato-subrotunda 
vel subquadrata, palmatim fissa, rarius partita, laciniis 2-6, seepissime 
4. F'* paulo minora, subconformia, symmetrica tamen. Fl. ¢ mon- 
andri. 

13. Bazzanta. Caules dichotomi, postice floriferi et valde flagelliferi. 
F. falcata angusta, oblique semicordato-ovato-liculata, apice truncato 


354 TRIGONANTHE. 


2-3-raro 4-dentata. F!* 2—4-plo breviora, subquadrata, apicepl erum- 
que 4-crenata-incisulave raro integra. Fl. ¢ diandri, raro mon- 
andri. 

14. MicropteRYciuM. Caules laxe pinnati, necnon e facie postica 
interdum subramosi et flagelliferi. F. (idem ac in Mytilopsr) com- 
plicato-biloba, ad carinam late alata, lobo inferiore sat minore. F'® 
2-10-plo breviora, apice 3-4-dentata-spinulosave. FI. g monandri. 


XI. ARACHNIOPNSIS, Spruce. 
in tractatu de Cephalozia, p. 84 (1882). 


Plante pusille confervoidez, griseo-vel cceruleo-virescentes, ad 
telaranee instar late intexte. Cazles filiformes, laxe corticati, 
postice ramosi et radicellosi. Folia capillacea stricta, cellulis cylin- 
dricis, 2-6plo longioribus quam latis, uniseriatis constantia et vel 
unicrura vel in aliis speciebus bicrura; cruribus ab ipsissima basi 
discretis, altero (antico) paulo inferius inserto. oliola subnulla. 
Flores 2 cladogeni; Jractee tristiche, 3—5-juge, 2—4-partite, laciniis 
capillaceis e limbo basali angusto ortis. Pistillidia sub 12. Peri- 
anthia prelonga, linearia, superne (saltem) trigona, ore longe 12- 
eiliato-laciniata. Calyptra tenuis libera. Capsula oblonga, ad 
basin usque 4-valvis, bistrata; cellule strati interioris fibris semi- 
annularibus (interdum subobsoletis) fulcita. Hlateres dispiri brevi- 
usculi, basales subbreviores et obtusiores. Spore minutule eodem 
ae elaterum diametro. Andrcecia acrogena, brevispica, bracteis 
monandris. 

Hab, et Distr. Loca umbrosa humida ad terram et ligna semi- 
putrida juxta fluvios Negro et Uaupés, in Brasilia boreali; in 
Andibus Peruvianis sylvaticis rarius. 

Blepharostoma, habitu subsimile, distat caule dichotomo, foliis 
tristichis, &e.; Micro-Lepidozia § Telaranea caule pinnato (ramis 
lateralibus), &e. 

$1. Folia wnterura. 


1. A. Pecten. Vioica minuta ecerulescens. Cautlis cellulis 5-seriatis— 
se, corticalibus 4-, axialibus 1-seriatis—conflatus. F. simplicia pec- 
tinatim patula longisetacea, cellulis 4 vel 5 linearibus constantia. 
Br, tristicle foliacese 4-partite. 


§ 2. Kolia bicrura. 


bo 


A. coactilis. Monoica pusilla e viridi grisea, in sicco albescens. Caules 
e cellulis 5-vel 6-seriatis conflati. Folia dissita; crura cellulis 6-10, 
subduplo longioribus quam latis constantia. Br. intime foliis paulo 
longiores, 2-3-partitee. Per. eylindracea 4—6-plo longiora quam lata, 
ore triplicata et longiciliata. 

3, A, dissotricha. Dioica, caespite densiore rigidulo vigens. Caules cellulis 


ARACHNIOPSIS. 395 
sub 12-seriatis conflati. Folia conferta ; crura subparallela, cellulis 
4 v. 5, triplo fere longioribus quam latis, conflata. Foliola ad cellulas 
2 minutas, transverse collaterales, redacta, radicellifera. Br. intime 
foliis triplo longiores 4-partitee. Per. lineari-fusiformia trigona, ore 
longe 12-ciliata. 


1, ARACHNIOPSIS PECTEN, Spruce (Tab. XITT.). 


Hab. Ad fluviorum Negro et Uaupeés cataractas, in terra rupibusque 
humidis umbrosis. Perichaetia perrara ad Catanacundnw tl. Guainia 
(i.e. fluviam Negro supra fl. Casiquiart ostia) inveni, perianthia 
autem nullibi. 

F -3—5™™ longa; c 2™™ longa; rami Q 1:2-2°0; br -8™™, 

Minuta ccerulescens depresso-ceespitosa. Caules }-1-pollicares filiformes 
ascendentes araneoso-intexti, parum radicelliferi, postice subramosi, 
ramique e cellulis 5-seriatis conflati; cellule se. corticales 4-seriate, 
quarum antice biseriate magne cylindric vacuse, posticee biseriate 
duplo minores; axiales autem solum uniseriate, anguste, sectione 
quadrate, chlorophyllose. 

Folia dimidio numero cellularum caulis faciei superioris, alterna, pectin- 
atim patula, parum assurgentia, wnicrura, setacea, stricta, cellulis 4 
vel 5, uniseriatis, cylindricis et 3-4plo longioribus quam latis, 
leevibus, parum chlorophyllosis, terminali parva, conflata. Foliola 
nulla. 

Flores dioici: 2 in ramo perbrevi, vel sublongiore, postico assurgente, 
terminales, innovatione nulla. Folia subfloralia (quando adsint) 
2-3-juga, szpe tristicha, uni-bicrura. Bracteze propriz capitato- 
congestee 3-4-juge, tristichee, patentes vel conniventes, foliis duplo 
longiores, exteriores liberee 4-partitee, limbo basali 3 cellulas lato, 
laciniis capillaceis, cellulis 6 vel 7 uniseriatis—aliarum ipsa basi 
biseriatis—conflatis ; bracteze 3 intimee basi inter se connate, altius 
integree, laciniis 4 vel pluribus. _Pistillidia sub 12, brevia. 

Obs. The cells of the stem are usually opposite (i.e., collateral) or nearly 
so, but towards the point of the branches the cortical cells of the upper 
face sometimes become alternate. The hair-like leaves spring from the 
junction of two consecutive eortical cells, and they stand (on each side of 
the stem) two—very rarely three—cells apart. In the structure of the 
stem and the position of the leaves there is great resemblance to Cephalozia 
monodactyla, but the other characters are widely different. 


2. ARACHNIOPSIS COACTILIS, Spruce (Tab. XITI.). 


Hab. Punuré fluvii Uawpés, in lignis putridis. S, Carlos del Rio Negro, 
supra vimina emortua. Etiam in Andibus Peruvianis, alt. 1200™ 
(var. captllacea). 

F 6-75; c 43 br ‘8; per 15-18 x °3, cilia 5; caps 5 x 95mm, 

Prostrata late effusa e viridi grisea, siccando albescens cinereave. Caules 
pollicares serpentini filiformes, cellularum 5-6 seriebus conflati, se. 
cellulis corticis 4-seriatis, axeos 1-2-seriatis et angustioribus ; 
perpaulo ramosi, ramis omnibus posticis. 

Folia plus minus dissita, angulo 50° patentia, cruribus 2, ab ipsa basi 
sejunctis, filiformibus flexuosis subdivergentibus constantia; cellula 


356 ARACHNIOPSIS. 


eujusque cruris 6-10, uniseriate, subduplo longiores quam late (in 
var. elongate) pellucidze fere vacuee. Foliola 0. 

Flores monoici: Q ramo brevissimo postico assurgente tristichophyllo 
constantes. Bracteze intime foliis paulo longiores bi-tricrures, 
eruribus subineequilongis inferne duplici cellularum serie conflatis. 

Perianthia involucrum duplo et ultra superantia, 4—6plo longiora quam 
lata, cylindracea, solum ore constricto triplicata et longe ciliata, ciliis 
sub 12. Capsula oblonga, vix subcylindrica. 

Andrecia in ramo terminales; bracteze paucijuge, foliis vix diverse, 
magis confertee, curve, monandre. 

Var. capillacea S. a typo differt foliis tenuissimis, cellulis preelongis, 
3-6plo longioribus quam latis, constantibus.—In monte Campana, 
ubi ad speluncarum parietes tanquam aranev telarum instar dilatatur. 

Var. filifolia 8. -Foliorum crura longissima (1°56-1'8™ longa), e cellulis 
10-14, duplo (raro triplo) longioribus quam latis, uniseriatis conflata. 
Perianthia prelonga (2°3 x ‘4™™) tereti-fusiformia, ore angusto 
triplicata longiciliataque. Bractese intime perianthio perpaulo 
breviores.—Forma insignis, cum normali mixta, ad Panuré crescit : 
forsan pro specie propria habenda. 


3. ARACHNIOPSIS DISSOTRICHA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad fluvium Uaupés, in rivuli ripis umbrosis arborum radices 
investiens. 

F 3-35; ¢ wy XxX doms; Or 10; per 18 x °35™™, 

Cxespites lati densi griseo-virides. Caules pollicares procumbentes 
intricati ineequaliter subpinnati, compressulo-teretes, cellulis strati 
corticalis 6-vel 7-seriatis magnis cylindricis vacuis, cellulis centralibus 
sub 6-seriatis multo angustioribus subchlorophyllosis; rami omnes 
postici, ad foliorum insertionem subdilatati; adveniunt etiam (sed 
rarius) flagella aphylla elongata flexuosa devexa, fasciculos rhizinorum 
parvos tristichos gerentes. 

Folia conferta patentia, longitudinaliter (vix oblique) inserta, ad basin 
usque bipartita, succuba—se. crure antico preeposito et paulo inferiore, 
posticum basi paulo (ad 4 lat.) imbricante; crura e cellulis 4 y. 5 
uniseriatis conflata, stricta, angulo peracuto inter se divergentia, vel 
parallela, quin etiam (sed raro) in unicum coadunata; cellule 
magne, triplo fere longiores quam lata, subcylindrice vel truncato- 
conicee, leeves, chlorophyllo parco in sicco ad cellule: utrumque 
finem congesto, apicales tamen minut ovales. 

Foliola ad cellulas duas minutas truncatas, caule exstantes, collaterales 
(foliolum rudimentarium bicrurum  referentes) redacta, parce 
rhizinophora. 

Flores dioici: 2 in ramulo perbrevi, foliis 0-3-jugis minutis normalibus 
basi stipato, terminales, assurgentes. Bractee trijuge tristiche, 
intimze majores, foliis caulinis triplo longiores, erectee, profunde 
4- fidee; laciniis capillaceis, inferne 2 cell., superne 1 cell, latis; 
basi indivisa 3-4 cell. alta, interdum processulo utrinque aucta. 

Perianthia foliis 5-6plo longiora, 5plo longiora quam lata, lineari-fusi- 
formia trigona, ore connivente longe 12-ciliata. 

Andreecia vel ramum totum vel ejus apicem solum tenentia; bractes 
foliis similes, magis confertie, assurgenti-secunde, monandre, 


LEPIDOZIA. 357 


XII. LEPIDOZIA, Dum. 
Recueil (1835) ; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 200 (1845). 


Plante elatiores, raro pusille, albido-vel flavido-virescentes, raro 
viridissimz, dense cespitose, cespitibus depressis, rarius erectis 
pendulisve. Caules in plerisque validi, pulchre plumeformes, 
pinnati vel bipinnati, facie postica fructiferi ; ramé fol/ost pro m. 
omnes laterales, plus minus deorsum arcuantes, interdum apice 
attenuato radicantes; rarius, et in speciebus pusillis precipue, 
accedunt rami postici normaliter foliosi, vel frequentius ad flagella 
radicellifera redacti. Folia incuba, parvula, in aliis speciebus pre- 
minuta, plerumque tam lata quam longa, valde obliqua tamen, 
margine antico multo longiore et magis rotundato, decurvo-concava 
vel fornicata, palmatim 4-fida-partitave, raro 5—6-vel solum 2-3-fida, 
laciniis subulatis, ceeterum integerrima vel basi antica paucis spinis 
armata, in paucis speciebus toto margine dentata; cel/ule spe 
parvule (2;—.™™ longz) quadrato-hexagone, inferiores subelongate, 
ad angulos vix incrassatze, cuticula seepe asperula; in Micro-Lepidoztis 
autem minutule oblongo-quadrate. oliola foliis subconformia, 
symmetrica tamen, in Hu-Lepidoziis perpaulo minora, in Micro- 
Lepidoziis autem foliis duplo minora. Flores dioici, in perpaucis 
(inprimis Micro-Lepidoziis) monoici: ? ad caulem, rarius ad ramos, 
hypogeni. Bractee 3-5-juge, appresse, concave, intime foliis 
plerumque subitriplo (in speciebus parvifoliis ad 8-plo) majores, apice 
2-4-fidee, margine denticulatz vel spinosa. P/stillidia 20 vel pauciora, 
sterilia in calyptre basi et paulo altius persistentia. Perianthia 
semper fere prelonga—in ZL. subdichotoma 30-plo longiora quam 
folia caulina(!)—ovato-subulata vel anguste fusiformia, superne obtuse 
trigona, in Hu-Lepidoziis carnosa, ore integerrimo vel denticulato, in 
Micro-Lepidoziis leptodermia, ore ciliato-laciniato. Calyptra 2—4-plo 
brevior, pyriformis oblongave, inferne carnosula, vel in Micro- 
Lepidoziis ubique tenuis, demum bilabiatim rupta. Capsula in 
pedicello valido pro m. breviusculo exserta, oblongo-cylindrica, inter- 
dum calyptra imo longior, ad basin usque 4-valvis, 2—4-strata ; 
cellule columnis parietalibus fulcite, intime fibris semiannularibus 
implete. Hlateres tenues bispiri. Spore minute, leves vel 
asperule. Andrecia sepissime ramulo tenui postico constantia, 
raro (et in Micro-Lepidozis precipue) in ramis lateralibus termi- 
nalia; bractee 5-10-juge, suborbiculate concave, apice plerumque 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 2X 


358 LEPIDOZIA. 


(idem ac bracteole duplo minores) bidentate ; antheridia solitaria 
magna pedicellata. 


Hab. Ad saxa arboresque, necnon in ipsa terra turfosa umbrosa, 
vel super muscos reptans. 

Distr, Nulla terra exules, in zona zquatoriali montes sylvaticos 
diligunt, planitiem calidam fugiunt. In Andibus Quitensibus et 
Peruvianis, inter 800™ et 3000™ alt., ad arborum truncos et radices 
valde abundant, ad saxa rariores. In planitie Amazonica unicam 
speciem, Z. Amazonicam nun, sp., in statu solum sterili, semel legi ; 
preter L. chetophyllam—speciem ambiguam, melius forsan pro 
genere proprio (Telaranea nob.) habendam—per totam planitiei 
sylvam, necnon in Andium radicibus dispersam. 


Subgenus I. Ev-Leprpoztia. 
(= Eu-Lepidoxia + Ptilo-Lepidoxia, Spruce in Journ. Bot. 1876). 


Plantz pro more elatze, czespitosee vel dense stratificatee, pinnate, plus minus 
plumzeformes ; rami foliosi in plerisque omnes laterales, in perpaucis 
sp. adveniunt etiam postici (rarissime flagellares). Folia ineuba, 
breviter, vel ad $ usque—raro ultra—quadrifida. Perianthia carnosa, 
2-4-strata, ore subintegerrimo denticulatove, raro subsetuloso.— 
Omnes species in America meipso lectze dioicze sunt ; omnes Andine, 
nulla Amazonica. L. veptans autem, Europzea, pauceeque alize monoicee 
sunt. 

§ 1. Foliis foliolisque bast pro more inermibus. 

1. L. laxepinnata Spruce. Elata albido-viridis semel bisve laxepinnati, 
ramis breviusculis seepe apice flagellaribus. FF. distantia patula 
planiuscula late oblonga, vix ad 4 fissa, laciniis triangularibus acutis ; 
cell. mediocres. F'* vix duplo minora, breviter 4-loba. Br. intimee 
eroso-ciliolatee apice bidentatee. Perianthia foliis 5-plo longiora 
tenui-fusiformia, inferne 2 cell. crassa, ore integerrima. 

2. L. cupressina Sw. var. tenvicuspis Spruce. Elatiuscula albescens dense 
stratificata, caule arcte pinnato, raro bipinnato, ramis decurvis apice 
seepe flagellaribus. F. densa ovato-subrotunda fornicata, margine 
antico valde gibboso-convexa basique semicordata, paulo ultra 4 4-fida, 
lac. triangularibus tenui-acuminatis, antica longiore ; cell. parvule. 
F'* fere cquimagna oblongo-rotunda ultra $ 4-fida, lace. capillari- 
cuspidatis. Br. intimze postice connatie, ad 4 4-fidee, lac. abrupte 
acuminatis, antice subspinosee. Per. foliis fere 5-plo longiora, ovato- 
subulata, bistrata, ore ciliolata. 

3. L. subdichotoma Spruce. Rufo-viridis, caule vimineo pinnato, pinnis 
subdichotomis. F. distantia minuta quadrato-subrotunda incurva, 
ad 4 3-4-fida, lac. subulatis subobtusis; cell. parvee. F!* minora 
quadrata ad 4 digitatim 4-fida. Br. foliis 6-8-plo longiores orbiculate 
concavissime, 3-4-apiculatee, margine subspinulosze. Per. pro foliis 
maxima, 30-plo longiora, lineari-fusiformia, apicem versus profunde 
trisulca, ore subintegerrimo. 

4, L. cwspitosa Spruce. Humilis virescens, caule pinnato, ramis 
decurvis, alits apice tenuibus, posticis (perraris) foliosis nec flagelli- 


— 


LEPIDOZIA. 359 


formibus. F. densiuscula incurva cuneato-subquadrata, basi antica 
dilatata, paulo ultra $ 4-fida, laciniis subsequalibus subulatis acutis ; 
cell. parvee. F'= fere conformia, subminora. Br. foliis vix duplo 
longiores, apice 2—3-dentate, margine subspinulose. Per. praelonga 
et angusta (9plo longiora quam lata) fusiformi-tubulosa, subteretia, 
3—4-strata, apice solo leniter trisulca, subintegerrima. 


§ 2. Folits foliolisque basi armatis. 


5. L. dendritica Spruce. Elatiuscula viridis, caule bipinnato dendroideo. 
F. caulina subcontigua, oblique ovato-triangularia, cucullato-con- 
cava, ad 4 fissa, laciniis subulatis acutis, basi subspinosa ; cell. parvee. 
F® subminora subquadrata ad } 4-fida, laciniis angustis vix acutis, 
basi subarmata. _ 

6. L. macrocolea Spruce. Elata viridis, caule tenui laxe bipinnato apice 
circinato, ramis breviusculis pendulis, nullo apice flagellari. F. 
caulina dissita, ramea subimbricata, subquadrato-ovata concava, ultra 
4, 4-fida, lac. acuminatis, basi hastata utrinque 1-3-spinosa. F* vix 
minora subconformia, magis profunde fissa. Br. ovato-orbiculate 
subdenticulate apice obsolete 4-spinee. Per. maxima, f. caulinis 12- 
plo longiora, 4-strata, ovato-subulata superne profunde trisulca, ore 
subintegerrimo. 

7. L. tenwicula Spruce. Mediocris pallida, laxe pinnata v. bipinnata, 
ramis brevibus. Folia dissita oblique ovata, basi antica semicordata 
1-2-spina, ultra 4 quadrifida, lac. acuminatis. F!* subminora, lac. 
lineari-subulatis obtusis, utraque basi 1—-2-dentata. 


Subgenus II. Muicro-Lepipozia. 


Plante pusille tenues, inter muscos reptantes vel depresso-ceespitose. 
. . ? . . . o 
Flagella postica in paucis sp. obvia. Folia transversa profunde fissa 
8 eae I y ie ze : 
partitave. Perianthia tenuia wnistrata, ore ciliato-laciniata. Species 
aliz monoice, alize dioice ; unicam ad fl. Amazonum, ceteras in 
Andibus inferioribus legi. 


$1. Folia basi ad cell. 2-4 alt. usque integra, laciniis utpluremum 
subulatis.  Bractee late wpice solo fissee. 


8. L. serpens Spruce. Pusilla pallida, caule semipollicari tenui vage 
subpinnato, flagellis 0. F. dissita cuneata ad ? trifida, pagina basali 
4 cell. alta, lac. acuminatis basi 3 v. 4 ¢. latis. EF! duplo breviora, 
lac. basi 2 c. latis. 

9. L. fusifera Spruce. Cvzespitosa, e viridi olivacea, caule pollicari laxe 
pinnato et bipinnato, flagellis posticis raris. F. imbricata oblonga 
3-4-partita (pagina 2 v. 3 ¢. alta), lac. lineari-subulatis basi 2 v. 3 ¢. 
latis. F'™ subminora ad basin fere usque 2-3-partita, lac. capillari- 
bus. Br. ovate appressee subdenticulate, apice recurvulo subacu- 
minato 2-3-fidule. Per. foliis 10plo longiora, unistrata, superne 
3-v. 6-sulca, ore in lacinias plurimas subulato-attenuatas fissa. 

10. L. amazonica Spruce. Minuta badia, caule 4 poll. longo paucirameo, 
raro subpinnato, interdum flagellifero. F. minuta confertiuscula 
patula, cuneata, 3-partita, pagina baseos 1-2 ¢. alta, lac. subulatis 
obtusis. F'* duplo breviora bipartita, cruribus capillaribus. 


§ 2. Folia in ipsa basi fissa ; crwribus vie ad 4 cellule basalis altitudinis 


360 LEPIDOZIA. 


usque connatis, capillaceis, cellulis majusculis uniseriatis conflatis. Bractee 

anguste 3-5-partite.—Habitus confirvoideus. (=TELARANEA nobis 

nov. gen. ?) 

11. L. chetophylla Spruce. Albicans flaccida pellucida, caule pollicari 
vage vel pinnatim ramoso, ramis lateralibus—paucis posticis (foliosis) 
interdum adjectis—flagellis 0. F. dissita (ramea contigua) 3-partita 
eruribus 4-7 cell. longis. F!* duplo breviora, cruribus (2 v. 3) 3 cell. 
longis, Per. magna tenuia fusiformi-subulata, supra medium trigona, 
ore longiciliato. 


1, LEPIDOZIA LAXEPINNATA, Spruce. 

Hab. Andes Peruvianos, in declivibus umbrosissimis montium Guay- 
rapuring et Campana, alt. 900-1200™, 

F 9x 6; 85 X ‘753 c aks; fi 55 x 455 45 x 74; Or 15x 15 per 
4:2 x °8; caps 1°25 x “25mm, 

Elata czespitosa albido-viridis. Caules 3-6-pollicares validi semel bisve 
laxepinnati, ramis dissitis breviusculis parum decurvis apice sepe 
flagellaribus. 

Folia caulina distantia, ramea magis approximata, late patentia, siccando 
haud appressa, subplana vel concava (non autem fornicata) late 
oblonga, breviter (vix ad } alt.) 4-fida, dentibus lobulisve triangu- 
laribus acutis subacuminatisve, sinubus acutis, basi utrinque rotun- 
data antice dilatata; cellule mediocres, quadrato-hexagone, fere 
vacue, pellucide. 

Foliola vix duplo minora, patula, apice in lobos 4 brevi-subulatos fissa. 

Flores dioici: @ postici; bracteze intime foliis duplo fere longiores 
ovato-rotundz apice breviter bifidule, margine eroso-ciliolate, 
exteriores minores apice 3-4-dentate. 

Perianthia bracteas fere 3plo superantia, tenui-fusiformia, apice constricto 
3-plicata integerrima, dimidio inferiore cellulas 2, superiore 1 c. 
solam crassa. Capsula brevipes oblongo-cylindrica, 

L. incurvata L. et G. Syn. Hep. 203; Spec. Hep. 21, t. 4 (ab Humboldt 
in Nova-granata lecta) a nostra differt statura humiliore ; foliis duplo 
minoribus paulo ultra 3 fissis, laciniis tam incurvis ut folia primo 
visu “integra vel apice crenata apparent.” 


2. LEPIDOZIA CUPRESSINA (Sw.), var. TENUICUSPIS. 
(Lepidozia tenuicuspis Spruce Mst.). 

Tfab. ad rupes arborumque radices, in montibus Campana et Guayra- 
puring Andium Peruvianorum, alt. circ. 1000™. 

F6 x “5; cds f* 6 x 5,4 x D3 br 18; per 40 xe 
“5mm, 

Albescens procumbens late denseque stratificata. Caules 1-2-pollicares 
confertim pinnati, raro apicem versus bipinnati, ramis apice decurvis 
sepeque attenuatis flagellaribus, stolonibus posticis nullis, 

Folia dense imbricata incurvo-fornicata ovato-subrotunda, margine antico 
valde gibboso-convexa, basi subsemicordata, postico subrecta, eroso- 
repandula, apice paulo ultra 4 quadrifida, sinubus subacutis, laciniis 
triangularibus tenui-acuminatis conniventibus, antica subangustiore 
longioreque ; cellule parvulee pellucidee subsequilateree—medize infe- 
riores submajores oblongo-hexagonze—convexule, pariete vix in- 
crassato. : 

Foliola foliis seepe equimagna, oblongo-rotunda, ultra 4 quadrifida, 


LEPIDOZIA. 361 


sinubus obtusatis, laciniis basi late subulatis, apice capillari-cuspi- 
datis, cuspide cellulas 6-10 uniseriatis constante. 

Flores dioici: foem. postici, seepe fasciculati. Bracteze intime foliis triplo 
majores, concave, basi mediante bracteola connate, ad 4 usque 
4-fide, laciniis abrupte tenui-acuminatis, margine antico (libero) 
subspinose ; pistillidia sub 20. 

Perianthia bracteas plus duplo superantia, ovato-subulata incurva, 
superne obtuse trigona, ore ciliolata, cellulis bistratis conflata. 

Amenta ¢ raro cauligena, seepissime ramorum apice flagelliformi later- 
aliter insidentia, incurva circinatave ; bracteze sub 10-jugze arctiuscule 
imbricate secunde ovato-rotund concave ad $ fere bifida, anther- 
idiis solitariis maximis; bracteole duplo breviores subquadrate 
breviter bifidee. 

Cel. Taylor suam Lepidoziam tumidulam instituit in caule bipinnato, 
ramis tumidis, foliis foliolisque valde concavis. Specimina originalia, ad 
Cromaglown meipso et TayLor lecta, folia habent densa, valde concava, 
caulem antice late transeuntia; foliola magna orbiculata concava, vix 
ad 4 quadrifida, laciniis cuspide brevi (1-4c. longa) auctis. Exempla 
anglica, nuperius (1881) ad Clougha prope Lancaster ab amico STABLER 
inventa, solum pinnata sunt, ramis perseepe apice flagellari-attenuatis ; 
foliis autem ete. cum stirpe hibernica perfecte conveniunt. Itaque, si 
L. tumidula pro specie propria, a L. cupressina diversa habenda, nostra 
L. tenuicuspis priori magis quam posteriori sine dubio accedit. Melius 
autem nobis videtur omnes tres pro speciei unica formis s. varietatibus 
habendum. 


3. LEPIDOZIA SUBDICHOTOMA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in M, Abitagua, ad arborum truncos, cum 
Scapania splendida. 

Peele. ¢ > 7 -l x 1; br'9 x 9, 1°70 x 10; per 4:5 x “6b; 
caps 1:25 X ‘5™m, 

Laxe cespitosa, e pallide viridi rufescens. Caules 1-2-pollicares suberecti 
pendulive flexuosi pinnati; rami decurvo-subsecundi, subdichotome 
divisi, ramulis sepe divergentibus, caulesque viminei rigiduli apice 
subattenuati non autem flagellares nec radicelliferi. 

Folia distantia minuta, quadrato-subrotunda incurvo-concava ad medium 
3-4 fida, laciniis suberectis subulatis subobtusis, mediis sublon- 
gioribus; cellule parvee quadrato-6-gonz subchlorophyllose. 

Foliola distantia paulo minora subplana quadrata ad medium 4-fida, 
segmentis contiguis subulatis obtusis digitiformibus. 

Flores dioici: 9 postici; bracteze 3-jugze appresse, intime foliis 6-8plo 
longiores orbiculate valde concave, apice 3-4-apiculate, margine 
hic illic subspinulose. 

Perianthia alte emersa, bracteis 5plo longiora, lineari-fusiformia obtuse 
trigona apicem versus profunde 3-sulcata, ore constricto subinteg- 
errima, cellularum stratis 2 conflata. Capsula 3}plo brevior, cylin- 
drico-oblonga rufo-badia. 

_E foliorum minutie caules ramique primo visu denudati videntur. 
Species affines distinguende: L. microphylla Hook. foliis palmato- 
quadripartitis; L. patens Ldnbg. foliis patenti-divergentibus cuneatis 
quadripartitis ; L. trichodes Nees, nostrati aflinissima caule arhizo et foliis 
inequaliter quadrifidis (minus profunde tamen), differt caule regulariter 
pinnatim ramoso; bracteis longilaciniatis; perianthiis brevioribus pyra- 
midatis; denique florescentia monoica. 


362 LEPIDOZIA, 


4, LEPIDOZIA CHSPITOSA, Spruce. 


Hab, Ad arborum vetustarum truncos in monte Tunguragua, alt. 2500™, 
et in sylva Canelos. 

Fx °45 5 ¢ ge 3 f* 35x35; br 8-10; per 45x 5m, 

Virescens humilis dense czespitosa. Caules pollicares tenues suberecti 
pinnati; rami decurvo-secundi, breviusculi, alii apice tenui flagel- 
lari ; stolones postici (perrari) foliosi ramosique, nullo aphyllo. 

Folia confertiuscula, basi late patentia, supra medium incurvo-erecta, 
cuneato-subquadrata, basin anticam versus rotundato-dilatata, mar- 
gine repandula, paulo ultra 3 quadrifida, laciniis subeequimagnis 
subulatis acutis subacuminatisve ; cellule parvee subopace, limitibus 
pellucidis haud incrassatis, cuticula minute tuberculosa. 

Foliola perpaulo minora 4- (raro solum 3-) fida, laciniis iis foliorum sub- 
minoribus. 

Flores dioici: foem. postici. Bracteze perianthio arcte appresse, tristichee, 
suborbiculate concave, apice breviter 2-3-fidule, margine hic illic 
spinulose, 4-5-juge, extime minute, sequuntur 3 vel 6 foliis majores, 
intimee paulo minores sunt, omnes bractec firmz pellucidee rectangu- 
lari-areolate. 

Perianthia maxima anguste fusiformi-tubulosa (9plo longiora quam lata) 
incurva subteretia, apice constricto solo leniter trisulca, denique 
breviter trifida, substantia firma, 3-4 cellulas crassa. 

Pl. mase. tenuior. Amenta ramulum posticum incurvum sistentia, laxe 
julacea albida. Bractez foliis rameis equimagnee late orbiculatee 
concave apice breviter bidentata, margine hic illic repande; brac- 
teolee duplo angustiores ovales apice bidentate. 

Species heecce in m. Tunguragua sat frequens facie aliquantum varia- 
bilis est, nune viridissima brevis rigidula arcte pinnata; nunc pallida 
tenera; in sylva Canelos longior et tenuior, muscis seepe consociata, in- 
venitur. 

A L. reptante certe diversa florescentia dioica, habitu firmiore ; caule 
magis plumoso, flagellis posticis nullis; foliis minoribus ultra 4 fissis, 
laciniis angustioribus, cellulis duplo fere minoribus ; perianthiis elongatis 
perangustis crassioribus. 


5, LEPIDOZIA DENDRITICA, Spruce. 


Hab. In monte Tunguragua, ad arborum pedem, alt. 2500", sterilis; 
etiam in sylva Canelos, alt. 1500™. 


F. caulina ‘8x7, ramea 6x'4; € ay; f caulina 6x45, ramen 
45 x 35mm, 

Mediocris czespitosa viridis. Caules bipollicares suberecti tripinnati 
dendroidei, rammis omnibus decurvulis, aliis breviusculis crassis, aliis 
attenuatis et valde parvifoliis. 

Folia caulina subcontigua cucullato-concava valde oblique ovato-triangu- 
laria, margine antico plus duplo longiore rotundato basi integerrimo 
vel 1-3-spinuloso, postico recto basi spinis 1 vel 2 aucto, vix “ultra 4 
quadrifida, laciniis subulatis acutis incur vis; cellule parve. F. 
ramea imbricata minus asymmetrica, ad 4 quadrifida, laciniis acu- 
minatis porrectis, hine vel utrinque basi subbispina. 

Foliola subminora subquadrata, ad 4 quadrifida, laciniis anguste subulatis 
vix acutis, basi hine vel utringue paucispina. 


LEPIDOZIA. 363 


L. tncurvata Ldnb. certe distat caule simpliciore, foliis distantibus sub- 
quadratis fere symmetricis, basi integerrimis; L. truncatella Nees. (ex 
Africa Australi) csule elongato laxe bipinnato, foliis omnibus imbricatis 
magis profunde fissis hine solum basi subspinosis, foliolis multo minoribus ; 
L. cespitosa (nobis) statura duplo minore, foliis minus obliquis, et preecipue 
foliolis ultra $ fissis basi inermibus. 


6. LEPIDOZIA MACROCOLEA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad terram et arborum truncos m** Tunguragua. 

F 6x °6, °4%°4; cas; f™ 6x6, 4x °4; br 15x13; per 65x10; 
caps 1°6 x *5™™, 

Elata saturate viridis late czespitosa, Caules erecti tenues 14-6 poll. 
apice circinati incrassati, laxe bipinnati, pinnis breviusculis pinnu- 
lisque (paucis, 1-4) pendulis. 

Folia parvula, incurvo-concava, caulina dissita, ramea subimbricata, sub- 
_quadrato-ovata ultra medium 4-fida, laciniis subulato-acuminatis 
repandis, sinubus obtusis, basi utrinque subhastatim dilatata, 
anticeque (raro etiam postice) spinis 1-8, seepe hamatis, aucta, vel 
interdum quasi 5-6-fida; cellule parvee subincrassate pellucide 
fere vacuze. 

Foliola foliis vix minora quadrata, magis profunde 4-fida, basi utrinque 
1-3-spinosa. ; 

Flores dioici: 2 postici; bracteze 3-4-jugse, concave appresse, intime 
foliis 3-plo majores ovato-orbiculares apice obsolete 4-spinz, czetero 
margine hic illic denticulate vel subspinulose. 

Perianthia maxima, } pollicis longa, f. caulina 12plo excedentia, ovato- 
subulata incurva, superne profunde 3-sulea obtuse 3-gona, ore sub- 
integerrima, substantia valida, e cellularum stratis 4 conflata, apicem 
versus ipsaque basi tenuiora solum 1-2 cell. crassa. 

L. truncatella Nees, L. et G. Sp. Hep. no. 23, t. 8, Cap. Bone Spei 
indigena, quoad folia basi antica subspinosa nostre aflinis, minus regu- 
lariter ramosa est; foliis imbricatis ad 4-4 solum fissis, laciniis latioribus; 
foliolis duplo minoribus solum ad 4 usque fissis. 


7. LEPIDOZIA TENUICULA, Spruce. 


Hab. In M. Tunguragua, ad arborum truncos. 

Hose ees f "4X30, “aX “2m, 

Ceespitosa suberecta flaccida pallide viridis. Caules 3-pollicares tenues 
laxe pinnati et subbipinnati, ramis brevibus decurvulis distichis vel 
subsecundis. 

Folia caulina dissita, oblique ovata, margine antico posticum duplo 
excedente basique semicordato-dilatato spina longa armato vel bi- 
spinuloso, ultra dimidium 4-fida, laciniis subulatis acuminatis acutis 
basi 3 (raro 4) cellulas latis; cellule parvule pellucide subquadrate 
v. parum oblongatze, pariete subincrassato, 

Foliola foliis minora incurvula 4-fida, laciniis lineari-subulatis obtusis, 
utraque basi obtuse 1—2-dentata. 

Folia axillaria ovata acuminata breviter bifida, segmentis subulatis 
conniventibus, basi utrinque bispinosa. Folia foliolaque ramea minora 
magis profunde fissa, laciniis solum tribus. 

Huic affinis est L. chordulifera Tayl., longe tamen tenuior. 


364 LEPIDOZIA. 


8, LEPIDOZIA SERPENS, Spruce. 


Hab. In M. Tunguragua supra Porellam arboream repens: pl. ¢ sola 
observata. 

F -35 longa; f 15; c 2-3,™™. 

Pusilla pallida sparsa. Caules $-pollicares tenues vage laxe subbipin- 
nati, prostrati, radicelliferi, flagellis nullis. 

Folia dissita patenti-incurva incuba (fere transversa) cuneata, ad ? 
usque 3-fida (raro 2-4-fida), pagina basali 4c.alta, segmentis subulatis 
acuminatis, basi 3—-4c. latis, antico longiore. 

Foliola duplo breviora lato-cuneata, ultra medium 3-4-fida, segmentis 
subrectis basi 2c. latis. 

Amenta ¢ cauligena, oblonga, virescentia; bracteze arcte imbricate 5-jugze, 
foliis fere majores, suborbiculate, breviter acute bidentate, con- 
cavissime, monandre. 

L. capillaris (Sw.) L. et G. Spec. Hep. 69, t. 11, f 1, differt foliis 
majoribus, laciniis obtusiusculis basi solum 2 (raro 3) cellulas latis; 
foliolis folia fere squantibus; bracteis ¢ subcomplicatis, 2-3-fidis, 
grosse subdenticulatis. L. fusifera S. folia habet imbricata, lacintis 
sublinearibus haud acuminatis; foliola majora ad basin fere usque 
3-partita; cellulas minores. 


9, LEPIDOZIA FUSIFERA, Spruce. 


Hab. in declivibus umbrosis montium Campana et Guayrapurina, alt. 
1000", in Andibus Peruvianis. 

F +25 x °125; ¢ 35; f@ br. inter. 13 x “753 per 2°4 x “7mm, 

Pusilla depresso-ceespitosa viridis olivaceave. Caules pollicares pro- 
cumbentes, basi subaphylli subdivisi radicelliferique, deinde laxe 
pinnati et bipinnati, intricati. Flagella postica subaphylla radi- 
cantia in medio caule raro obvia. 

Folia transversa, imbricata, late patula tamen, oblonga concava 3-4- 
partita (limbo basali integro 2-8 cellulas alto); laciniis lineari- 
subulatis, 7-10 cell. longis, 2 cell. (apice 1 solam cellulam) latis, 
antici tamen ceteris angustiore divergenti-erectaé; cellule minutule 
quadrate, pariete validiusculo, intus ambitu opace. 

Foliola subminora, angustiora, ad basin fere usque 3-(raro 2-)partita ; 
laciniis capillaceis erectis appressis, cellulis 8 vel paucioribus uni- 
seriatis constantibus. 

Flores dioici: 9 ramulo proprio postico constantes. Bractez sub 3-juge, 
magne, intime foliis 5plo longiores, ovatee concave appressee, apice 
recurvulo subacuminato brevissime 2-3-fide, margine subdenticulatee, 

Perianthia bracteas duplo superantia, e cellulis rectangulari-oblongis 
unistratis conflata, superne obtuse trigona et tri-vel sexsulca, ore 
sensim constricto plurilaciniata, laciniis subulato-attenuatis flexuosis. 

Amenta ¢ ramulo postico incurvo constantia; bractese 5-10-juge, foliis 
paulo minores, conferte, assurgenti-secundse, ovate: concavee bilobae— 
rarius apice ineequaliter 4-dentatee—basi antica bispinose, antheridia 
magna solitaria in gremio foventes. Bracteole parvee decidue. 

L. capillaris Sw., foliis minus profunde (solum ad 4-#) fissis, laciniis 
strictionibus; foliolis 3-vel seepe 4-partitis, laciniis lanceolato-subulatis ; 
bracteis apice laciniato-ciliatis ; perianthiis minus longe ciliatis, diversa.— 
L. gronatensis, Gottsche in Hep. Novogranat. 45, subaflinis, differt 


LEPIDOZIA. 365 


florescentia monoica; ramificatione vaga ; foliis solum 2-3-partitis, la- 
ciniis lanceolatis; ete. 


Obs. In consequence of the exactly transversal insertion of the leaves, 
and their concavity, they are in reality neither succubous nor incubous. 
Each leaf lies partly over and partly under the next upper leaf, when the 
stem or branch is laid flat; but stands exactly underneath it (like one 
cup under another) when the stem or branch is set upright. 


10. LEPIDOZIA AMAZONICA, Spruce. 


Hab. in solo rubro subquarzoso, sub fruticum umbra, ad Mandos, fl. 
Negro ostiis proxima: rara et solum sterilis. 

HAD: 6 as JF 08™™. 

Minuta badia prostrata intricata. Caules }-pollicares pauciramei—raro 
subpinnati, basi rhizomatosi flexuosi divisi subaphylli interdum 
postice flagelliferi; rami laterales basi subnudi. 

Folia transversa confertiuscula, late patentia tamen, apice incurvula, cune- 
ata 3-partita; cruribus subulatis obtusis, 2 lateralibus majoribus 
dimidio infero 2 cellulas, supero 1 cellulam latis, crure antico 
breviore et angustiore cauli parallelo et subappresso; cellule 
minutule rectangulares vel subquadratz tuberculis asperate. Limbus 
folii basalis ad crura longiora 2 cellulas, antice tamen 1 cellulam 
solam, latus; crura lateralia 6—7cell. longa. 

Foliola duplo breviora caule velata, bipartita, cruribus 1 cell. latis, altero 
duplo fere breviore. Rhizina vix ulla nisi pauca ad caulis basin 
rhizomatosam. 

Obs. The underleaves are contiguous at the base, on the side of the 
longer segment, to the adjacent leaf, but distant from the leaf on the 
opposite side of the stem. L. capillaris Sw. has the leaves three times as 
long, less deeply cloven, and (like the underleaves) often 4-cleft; besides, 
like nearly all other tropical Lepidoziew, it is a mountain plant. L. 
amazonica is the only species known to me which descends very nearly 
to the sea-level within the tropics. It is scarcely necessary to add that 
our L. setacea seems abundantly distinct in the pinnate or bipinnate 
stems, the less deeply cloven leaves (only to within 3-5 cells of the base), 
the segments wider upwards, and the symmetrical 3-4-cleft underleaves. 


11. LEPIDOZ!A CHETOPHYLLA, Spruce. 
Telaranea chetophylla Spruce Mst noy. gen. 


Hab. in terra nuda humida sylvarum, rarius in truncis putridis, secus 
fluvios Negro, Casiquiari, Aripecuré, etc.; in Andibus Peruvianis 
rarior est, et in montibus Campana, etc. vix supra 1500™ alt. ascendit ; 
in m. Tunguragua et Chimborazo Andium Quitensium alt. 2500™ 
attingit. 

F-25—4™™ longa; cz, ; f'*1-2; br. int. 1:0; per 15 x ‘5; caps ‘5 x °3™™, 

Pusilla, e viridi albescens cinereave, pellucida, prostrata intricata. Caules 
repentes, pollicares, sat validi, compressuli, strato corticali cellulis 
8-10-serlatis magnis oblongis convexulis pellucidis, nucleo cellulis 
pormseriatis multo angustioribus subopacis (7 in caulis diametro 
ongiore, 4-5 in breviore) constante, vage, vel in cespitis ambitu 
pinnatim ramosi; rami breves laterales, rarissime adveniunt etiam 


366 LEPIDOZIA. 


postici, simplices vel interdum subdivisi, foliosi [flagellis aphyllis 
terraqne radicantibus nullis]. 

Folia transversalia, dissita, ad basin usque 3-partita, ramea subcontigua 
vel etiam conferta 2-3-partita; crura infima basi ad cellularum 
basalium 4 altitudinem solum connata, setacea, recta divergentiave, 
cellulis uniseriatis (vel ipsa basi biseriatis) constantia; cellule 
majuscule cylindrice, vix duplo longiores quam lata, subleevissimee, 
chlorophyllo parcissimo demum ad cellule extremitates coacervato. 
F. axillaria (que sc. rami axillam obtendunt) preelonga, semper fere 
unicrura, subulato-setacea. 

Foliola latitudine caulis, dimidia longitudine folorum, vel minora, 
2-(raro 3-) partita, cruribus erecto-incurvis cellulis tribus con- 
stantibus setaceis, basi radicellifera. 

Flores monoici:.? ramo brevi postico constantes, innovatione nulla 
suffulti. Bracteze 3-5-seriate, tristichee; intime foliis  triplo 
majores, 3-5-partite ; crura basi in limbum 2 vel 3 cellulas altum 
coalita, deinde subulata, inferne 2 vel 3 cellulas, superne 1 solam 
cellulam lata, vel laciniato-ciliata, vel bi-trifurca, vel solum basi 
unidentata. 

Perianthia magna, foliis 4-6-plo longiora, fusiformi-subulata, inferne 
subteretia, supra medium obtuse trigona et triplicata, ore constricto 
longiciliata, ciliis 12-18. Calyptra duplo brevior, tenuis ovalis, basi 
et paulo altius pistillidiis sterilibus (sub 9) obsita, demum bilabiatim 
rupta. Capsula magna subcylindrico-oblonga nigro-purpurea, ab 
ipsa basi 4-valvis. Elateres longiusculi bispiri utrinque attenuati. 
Sporz minute leves diametro elaterum latitudinem zquantes. 

Amenta ¢ ramum lateralem totum, vel sepius ejus apicem solum 
tenentia; bracteee sub 5-jugee, monandre, assurgenti-conniventes, 
ceeterum foliis vix diverse. 

Obs. Folia insertione revera transversa, nihilominus quoad imbri- 
cationem potius “succuba” quam “incuba” dicenda. 

Lepidozia nematodes (Gottsch. sub Jungermania, in Wright’s ‘Hepaticze 
Cubenses ’—haud L. nemoides Tayl., L. et Gottsch. Spec. Hep. tab 10)— 
nostre valde aflinis, diversa videtur flacciditate ; caule tereti 4-5-cell. 
lato; foliolis minutis solum 2c. longis; perianthio majore, superne 
dilatato, ore 24-ciliato. 

Species istee ad Arachniopsin nostram accedunt, quoad habitum filamen- 
tosum, &c., fereque pro genere proprio (Telaranea nob. herb.) habende. 
Differt Arachniopsis ramis omnibus posticis, foliorum cruribus inter se 
omnino liberis—interdum solitariis—foliolis nullis; itaque ad Cephaloztam 
proxime accedit, dum Telaranca a Lepidozia wegrius separanda. 


XII. BAZZANIA, Gray. 


Nat. Arr. Brit. pl. (1821). Pleuroschisma Dum. Recueil. (1835). 
Mastigolryum Nees. Syn. Hep. (1845). 


Caulis validus subteres, a fronte compressulus, iteratim furcatus 
(dichotomus), angulo fureze—in una et eadem specie sat constante— 
inter 30° et 100° ludente, seepe recto, vel plus minus acuto, raro 
obtuso (in B. divaricata, e. g.). Rami postici vel brevissimi et 
floriferi, vel seepe prelongi microphylli et radicellosi. Cellule 


BAZZANIA. 367 


caulis pluristrate, corticales internis conformes, magis opace, iis 
foliorum inferioribus sat similes nisi subminores. Folia incuba, 
alterna, in paucis opposita, basi plus minus imbricata, apice pro m. 
dissita, decurva, interdum (in sicco precipue) secunda, semper 
obliqua, plerumque falcata, subduplo longiora quam lata, a basi 
semicordato-ovata sensim angustata, in dimidio supero subligulata, 
apice plano semper fere truncato-tridentata—casu rariore 4-dentata 
vel subintegra—in perpaucis zqualiter bidentata, vel (in aliis 
speciebus) inzequaliter biloba; margine in plerisque integerrimo, in 
paucis basi postica spinoso dentatove. Axis folii margini postico 
propior, vitta cellularum majorum elongatarum, in seriebus 
6-12-dispositarum, notata; cetere cellule parve subzquilatere 
guttulate, plerumque sublevissime, pariete ad angulos insigniter 
incrassato. oliuwm dichotomiale anticum, ceteris longius, ovato- 
subulatum integrum. Joliola ubique presentia, foliis subduplo— 
raro 3-4-plo—breviora, caule sat latiora, appressa, plerumque sub- 
rotundo-quadrata, raro longiora, apice truncato persepe 4-crenata- 
incisulave, raro subintegerrima, margine integerrima vel subdentata ; 
in aliis speciebus basi cordata, auriculis interdum spinis armatis. 
Flagella subzequifoliata ; folia minuta tristicha ovata concava, apice 
bidentula, rarius solum apiculata tridentulave, juxta basin radicellas 
longas pallidas proferentia. JJores dioici, utriusque sexus cladogeni, 
ramulis posticis constantes. Bractee Q 3-5-juge, intime majores 
(foliis autem seepe subbreviores) arcte imbricatz concave, orbiculatie 
ovateve, rarius ovato-lanceolate, apice saltem lobulate, laciniatze, 
ciliateeve, subscariose, cellulis majusculis elongatis 4-6-gonis sub- 
vacuis constantes. Pistillidia 10-16. Perianthia ovato-subulata 
fusiformiave, 3—4-plo longiora quam lata preter ad basin subcarnosam 
leptodermia, primum ab ipsa basi tricarinata, carinis latis, sulea 
exaratis, exinde quasi 6-plicata, posterius—fructu maturato repleta, 
carinisque fere obliteratis—interdum subteretia, solum apice con- 
stricto trigona; ore in statu perfectiore ciliis longis, 12-15, peni- 
cellata. Calyptra perianthio duplo brevior pyriformis vel cylindrico- 
oblonga, basi quasi-stipitata 3-strata, pistillidiis sterilibus obsita, 
superne 2-strata. Capsula calyptra duplo brevior, oblonga, sub- 
cylindrica, sub 5-strata; cellule stratorum 4 exteriorum columnis 
parietalibus fulcite, extimi duplo majores tesselate, intimi (quinti) 
fibris semiannularibus notate. Hlateres tenues subobtusi, sporis 
minutis duplo angustiores. Amenta 3 folio postico axillaria, brevia 
incurva; bractee 5-raro ad 10-juge, ovate concave vel subcom- 


368 BAZZANIA. 


plicato-convolutze, apice truncate, bifidee, bispinoseeve, raro integre ; 
antheridia bina longistipitata, raro solitaria. 

Hab. Loca umbrosa, in sylvis montium preecipue, ad saxa, arborum 
truncos et ramos, necnon in truncis prostratis et putrescentibus, 
rarius in ipsa terra, plagas preelatas sistens, seepe super alias hepaticas. 
muscosque flagellis suis validis radicantibus reptans. 

Distr. Per orbem terrarum ; in zona temperata boreali speciebus 
solum 2 (ut videtur) constans; inter tropicos et in zona temperata 
australi, in Australasia pre aliis, formes numerosissimee—forsan ad 
species sane haud permultas referende—invente sunt. Ipse in 
sylvis Andium et flum, Amazonum species circiter 19 legi. 


Obs. Folia nunquam (ad Micropterygii instar) complicata, margine 
postico autem (nisi ipsa basi, ubi recurvula) leniter incurvula. In 
speciebus foliis apice ineequaliter bifidulis donatis (sc. B. anisostoma, 
inequilatera, &c.) heee incurvatio tali modo augetur ut folia canaliculata 
evadunt, itaque ad Micropterygium sensim accedunt. 


The species of this genus are a standing puzzle to hepaticologists. They 
are all so alike in habit and in their more obvious characters that a casual 
observer would unhesitatingly refer them to the same genus; but when 
we try to define the species, we find it difficult to assign them positive 
limits. Out of the wealth of material I amassed in the forests of the 
Amazon and Andes I could easily frame double the number of “species” 
here recorded. The forms I have grouped under the name Bazzania 
bidens, for instance, might seem to other observers equivalent to 3 or 4 
distinct species; but when I find West Indian forms differing slightly 
froin all these, but (like them) showing no character that I could account 
specific, I have concluded to let them stand as varieties of a single species. 
—Several Oriental species with opposite leaves are known, but only a 
single American, B. Peruviana (Nees.), which, singularly enough, I never 
gathered, nor have I been able to see a genuine specimen of it. 


§ 1. Folia apice bidentata. 


1. B. bidens (L. et L.) Subpusilla flavida rufulave. Folia parvula 
laxiuscula semiovato-lanceolata lineariave, dentibus apicis brevius- 
culis acutis. F!* 4 plo breviora subquadrata, apice 4-crenata-denti- 
culatave, interdum subintegra. Per. tenuia, tota longitudine trigona,, 
ore ciliolata—Var. vittata 8S. Folia breviora semiovata, cellulis 
mediis discoloribus distincte vittata—Var.? dissodonta 8. F. semi- 
ovato-ligulata, dentibus longis acuminatis, F!* solum duplo breviora, 
apice grosse 4-dentata, vel 4-fida, margine interdum utrinque 1-2- 
spina. [Potius species propria.|—Var. heterodonta 8. F. tridentata 
cum aliis normaliter bidentatis admixta. F"™ sursum crescentia, 
superiora late cuneato-quadrata longidentata. 


§ 2. Folia apice tridentata, raro etiam in eadem stirpe 2-vel 4-dentata, 
rarissime (¢ dentibus lateralibus obsoletis) apice subintegra. 


A. Foliola parva, foliis 2-5plo minora, basi haud (vel via) cordata. 
EF. basi vntegerrima. 


to 


8. 


10. 


10 


BAZZANIA. 369 


B. phyllobola 8. Pusilla tenuis parce divergenti-dichotoma, e foliis 
caducis pro p. nuda. F. parvula distantia ligulata, apice _ tri- 
bidentata, d. acutis; ¢. subeequimagne. FF! foliis 4plo breviora, 
apice subtridenticulata. Br. interiores foliis longe majores, apice 
profunde 3-4-laciniate. Per. paulo emersa, ovato-fusiforma, a basi 
ipsa fere trigona, ore 6-plicato breviciliato. Br. ¢ monandre. 

B. decidua 8. Mediocris tenuis parce et acute dichotoma. F. dis- 
tantia caduca, semiovato-trapezoidea, apice argute tridentata; c. 
mediane lateralibus paulo majores. F!* duplo minora auadrato- 
oblonga, apice crenulata. Br. intime foliis breviores, apice 2-3- 
ciliolatze. 

B. diversicuspis 8S. Mediocris parce dichotoma. F. majuscula subim- 
bricata subfalcata semiovato-lingulata subvittata, apice vel acuta 
(unidentata) vel subtridentata. F'* 3-4plo breviora quadrata, 
retusa vel obsolete crenulata. 

B. brasiliensis (N.). Mediocris, flavida vel virescens. F. subimbricata 
subfaleata oblique ovato-ligulata evittata, apice profunde 3-dentata, 
d. subacuminatis. F triplo minora, quadrata, apice truncato 
mutica vel 4-6-denticulata. Br. intimz apice 2-3-(media 4-) 
laciniatz. Per. ovato-subulata trigona. 

B. aurescens S. Mediocris viridi-aurea. F. subcontigua oblique 
obeuneato-ligulata subfaleata evittata, apice trifida, segmentis 
angustis cuspidulatis. EF" 2iplo breviora cuneata, apice sub 4- 
crenata, utroque margine 2-3-crenata. 

B. leptostipa S. Majuscula fulva acute dichotoma. F. (decidua) 
magna contigua subfalcata, apice 3-dentata, d. brevibus peracutis, 
basi antica $ caulem imbricantia. F'* vix triplo minora, appressa 
tenuissima quadrato-oblonga, apice vix crenulata. Br. foliis subz- 
quilonge, intime ovato-lanceolatz, apice trilaciniate. Per. 5plo 
longiora quam lata, anguste ovato-fusiformia, trigona, apice constricto 
sexfida. : 

B. viridissima 8. _Robusta iteratim divaricato-dichotoma. F. magna 
imbricata falcata longe semicordato-ovato-ligulata, apice argute 3-4- 
dentata, d. triangularibus peracutis, medio submajore, basi antica 
caulem transeuntia. F™ triplo fere minora, rotundo-quadrata, 
apice irregulariter 3-4-crenata, basi vix subcordata, vel semi- 
cordata. 

B. teretiuscula (Ll. et G.) Mediocris stratificata fulva anguste 
dichotoma (angulo 20°-40°) ; ramis apice hamatis, in sicco e foliis 
devolutis teretiusculis. F. majuscula subimbricata subfalcata semi- 
cordato-ovato-lanceolata, apice breviter 2-3-dentata, raro 1-dentata, 
basi caulem obtegentia. F'* dimidio folio subminora, quadrato- 
oblonga, apice sub 4-crenata. 

B. planiuscula (G. et L.) Mediocris fuscidula subdichotoma, F. 
sat magna subimbricata divergentia subfaleata semicordato-ligulata, 
apice argute trifida, d. anguste triangularibus peracutis, interdum 
denticulo armatis. F'* 3 folio subminora, quadrato-oblonga, apice 
truncato 4-crenata. 

B. Chimborazensis 8. Elata flavo-viridis laxe stratificata, angulo vix 
recto dichotoma. F. magna subimbricata falcata, semicordato-ovato- 
oblonga, margine supero subdenticulata, apice serrato-3-dentata, d. 
breviusculis apiculatis ; c. mediz pluriseriatz pallidee, ceeteris duplo 
majores. F* plus duplo breviora quadrato-rotunda, basi breviter 
subcordata, toto margine varie crenata erosulaque. 


370 BAZZANIA, 


B. Foliola magna, foliis solum (vel viz) duplo breviora, basi biauriculato- 
cordata. 


b. Auricule foliolorum prom. termes. F. basi plerumque inermia, in 
paucis subdentata. 


12. B. flavicans 8. Mediocris tenera parce dichotoma. F. magna sub- 
imbricata ovato-ligulata, apice trifidula, d. triangularibus, supero 
longiore, basi antica caulem subtranseuntia, postica crispula; c. 
medi lateralibus sensim duplo et ultra majores, trigonis maximis. 
F® duplo breviora, apice obsolete 3-4-crenata, basi breviter cordata. 

13. B. Vincentina (L. et L.) Elata fulva vel olivaceo-viridis pluries 
dichotoma stratificata. F. magna parum falcata semicordato-ovato- 
ligulata, apice tridentata, d. brevibus subapiculatis, medio dente 
multo majore ; basi antica caulem transeuntia, postica crispula, axin 
versus cellulis elongatis vittata. F'* duplo breviora suborbiculata, 
toto margine late crenata, auriculis baseos majusculis oblongis. Br. 
int. foliis sat breviores. Per. plus minus emersa fusiformia, apice 
ciliata.—Var. macrophylla §. foliis prelongis (8), per. maximis 
(4x 1™™).—Var. submutica 8. foliis apice vel triangularibus vel trun- 
catis et obsolete dentatis. 

14. B. robusta 8. Elata rigida dense stratificata iteratim dichotoma 
erebre flagellifera. F. magna confertissima, recentia et sicca decurvo- 
secunda, falcata, oblique cordato-lingulata, apice angusto 3-(4-) 
dentata, sinubus rotundatis, dentibus acutissimis subinde denticu- 
latis ; basi antica caulem obtegentia, postica crispula ét eroso-denti- 
culata. F* triplo fere breviora, oblato-orbiculata, toto margine 
crenulato-repanda, auriculis subrotundis crispulis. Per. semiemersa 
ovato-subulata ore longiciliata. 

15. B. heteroclada S. Elata albido-viridis stratificata, caule tenuiusculo 
peranguste dichotomo, stolones posticos foliosos et ramulosos— 
rarius flagellares—edens. IF. magna conferta secunda valde falcata, 
e basi ovali triangulari-ligulata, basi antica caulem obtegentia, 
postica dilatata 2-4-spina denticulatave, apice grosse 3-dentata, d. 
acutis. F' duplo minora quadrato-oblonga, apice breviter 4-fida, 
auriculis baseos planis decurrentibus. 

16. B. humifusa 8. Mediocris rufula reptans subacute dichotoma. F. 
majuscula subimbricata longe semicordato-triangularia apice argute 
3-dentata, d. lato-subulatis subapiculatis, basi antica caulem obte- 
gentia, medio lativittata, trigonis cellularum maximis. F! duplo 
minora subquadrata, apice 4-crenata, auriculis baseos rotundo- 
oblongis faleato-conniventibus. 


b,. Awricule foliolorum spinose. Folia basi spinis armata. 


17. B. ancistrodes S. Mediocris rufula dense stratificata iteratim dicho- 
toma. F. imbricata, valde oblique ovato-ligulata, falcata, apice 
breviter 3-dentata, dentibus acutis (altero ssepe obsoleto), basi antica 
caulem transeuntia, postica longe decurrente 2-3-spina, F* duplo 
breviora rectangulari-oblonga, apice subcrenulata, auriculis baseos 
magnis falcato-conniventibus paucispinis. 

18. B. spinigera S. Unumilis pallida fragilis subdichotoma. F. majus- 
cula arcte imbricata cordato-ovato-ligulata, valde gibboso-falcata et 
ineequilatera, apice 3-4-dentata, d. patulis peracutis, basi antica caulem 
vix obtegentia, postica dilatata subspinosa ciliataque. F® 3 folio 


— 


BAZZANIA, Big! 


majora ovato-oblonga, apice rotundato-truncato varie dentata, basi 
protunde cordata spinosa. 

19. B. acanthostipa S. Elata flavida semel bisve fureata. F. subimbri- 
cata tenera distiche patula subfalcata, valde oblique semicordato- 
ovato-ligulata, basi antica caulem transeuntia, postica ampliata 
4-spina. F!* 25plo breviora, cordato-quadrata 4-crenata, utroque 
margine 1-2-dentata, auriculis baseos conniventibus crispis 2—4-- 
spinis. 


1, BAzZANIA BIDENS Gottsch. et Lindenb. 
Mastigobryum bidens, G. et L. Spec. Hepat. 87, t. 15. 

Hab. Panuré fluvii Uaupés; Mandos et San Carlos fluvii Negro; Para 
flum. Amazonum ; etiam (var. vittata) in sylvis occidentalibus montis 
Chimborazo. In truncis vetustis cariosisve et in terra arenosa 
umbrosa viget. E Guiana Gallica habuerunt Montagne et Linden- 
berg. 

F'-85 x °38 (apice x 15); csy-73 f ‘2 x °25, 18 x 18; br. intime 
ie 0o; per 2:5 xX -Go™™, 

Tenuis, flavida rufulave, in plagas latas tenues prostrata. Caules 2-3- 
pollicares flexuosi, crebre flagelliferi, parum dichotomi, angulo 
dichotomiali subdivergente. 

Folia parvula alterna subcontigua vel subimbricata, subdeflexa’ parum 
falcata, semiovato-lanceolata-lineariave, repanda, apice angustiusculo 
subacute bidentata, dentibus peracutis suberectis, margine postico 
fere recto, antico basi rotundato caulem vero haud obtegente; cellule 
pellucide (trigonis magnis) medize paulo majores vix tamen vittam 
efformantes. 

Foliola distantia, foliis plus 4plo breviora, caule haud latiora, subqua- 
drata, apice plus minus 4-crenata-denticulatave, dentibus haud 
raro obsoletis. 

Flores dioici: Bracteze ? paleaceze appresste 3-4-jugee, concave, laxe 
areolate; extime minute subrotunde, laterales bi-(media 3-) 
dentate ; interiores majores ovate apice extimis conformes; intimze 
f.caulinis longiores ovato-oblongee, laterales apice bilaciniatee, media 
(major!) trilaciniata, lacinulis lateralibus seepe adjectis, czetero 
margine subdenticulato. 

Perianthia foliis triplo longiora, anguste ovato-fusiformia unistrata, ab 
ipsa basi trigona, apice breviter lacinulato-ciliata. Calyptra solum 
basi tubulari subcarnosa, cxeterum tenuis. Capsula anguste oblonga. 

Andreecia spiculas posticas incurvas pallidas, solitarias binasve, sistentes; 
bractez sub 5-juge concavee, apice bifide, seementis bidentellis vel 
iterum bifidis. Antheridia solitaria, rarius bina, Bracteole per- 
anguste oblongze truncate, superne subcrenulate. 

Var. vittata, foliis brevibus semiovatis, distincte vittatis, vitta cellulis 
majoribus flavidis 5-6-seriatis constante, paulo ante apicem evan- 
escente, foliolis parvis appressis obsolete dentatis. In M. Chim- 
borazo, cum B. Chimborazenst mixta. Ad B. divaricatam N. (Sp. 
Hep. Mastig. t. 5) accedit. 

Var. dissodonta S. (Bazzania dissodonta Spruce in Mst.). 

Folia subfaleata semiovato-ligulata longius bidentata, dentibus triangu- 
laribus acuminato-acutis. Foliola duplo majora quam in B. bidente 
typico, apice grosse 4-dentata, quasi bis bifidula, interdum ad 
medium fere usque 4-fida (raro solum 3-dentata), dentibus sub- 


BY ie BAZZANIA. 


acuminatis, margine utrinque 1-2-spina nudave. Folia sepissime 
decurvo-secunda rigidula persistentia, quando autem subexplanata 
inveniuntur tune valde caduca. In M. Campana Andium Peruvi- 
anorum. (F!*-4 x °35™m), 

Var. heterodonta S. A priori quoad folia—nisi rarissime tridentata—vix 
differt ; foliola tamen caulis apicem versus sensim crescunt, superiora 
late cuneato-quadrata longidentata. In M. Guayrapurina Andium 
Peruvianorum. 

Obs, Figura Mastigobryi bidentis, in Spec. Hep. t. xv, folia monstrat 
paulo longiora quam in nostra (typica) sine aliis differentiis. Forma 
longifolia quoque in insula Guadalupa legit. cl. Husnot. 


.2. BAZZANIA PHYLLOBOLA, Spruce. 


Hab. in M. Guayrapurina Andium Peruvize, ad arborum radices. 

F°9 x °3,°9 x °35; 3,7 ; f@ 2 x 2; br 15 x “75; per 2:0 x 6mm, 

Pusilla laxe stratificata fuscidula. Caules 2-3-pollicares intricati tenues 
flexuosi parce dichotomi (angulo lato) flagelliferi, e foliis caducis- 
simis seepe fere denudati. 

Folia distantia late patentia parum decurvula suboblique ligulata, apice 
truncato (interdum sublatiore quam basis !) tri-bidentata, dentibus 
subeequalibus acutis, sinubus subacutis ; cellule parve subeequimagne 
quadrato-hexagone, pariete parum incrassato. 

Foliola plus 4plo breviora, distantia, cauli equilata appressa, rotundo- 
quadrata, apice subtridenticulata. 

Flores dioici: 2 postici. Bracteze paleacece tenuissimz arcte appresse, 
intime folvis longe majores ovate acuminate complicato-concave, apice 
in lacinias, 3-4 preelongas erectas dissolute, margine subdenticulate. 

Perianthia emersa tenuia, foliis caulinis plus duplo longiora ovato- 
fusiformia, a basi fere obtuse trigona, ore constricto 6-plicato brevi- 
ciliata, demum plurilaciniata. Calyptra carnosa, paulo supra basin 
3 cell. crassa. 

Amenta ¢ foliis lateralibus sublongiora julaceo-trigona incurva; bractez 
prelate ovate convoluto-concave, apice’ anguste truncato 4~— (3-) 
dentate, subinde bis bifidule, antheridia solitaria magna foventes ; 
bracteolze minores trifidee vacuee. 

Forma foliorum, apice (nec basi) magis lata, et foliolis duplo minoribus 

a B. dissodonta facile distincta species. 


3. BAZZANIA DECIDUA, Spruce. 


Hab. in monte Tunguragua, ad arborum truncos. 

F1:0 x ‘6; c. media 3, laterales 72; f'* °5 x °4; br. int, °75 x °35™™, 

Czespites magni rufo-badii, apice virescentes, aules 3-4-pollicares 
tenues parce dichotomi, angulo furcarum acuto, sub 45°, 

Folia deciduissima distantia, decurvula dimidiato-ovato-trapezoidea, haud 
falcata, basi antica subsemicordata caulem haud obtegentia, apice 
oblique truncato acute tridentata, dentibus acutis ineequalibus, antico 
seepius majore; cellule subconformes (medianz perpaulo majores) 
subzequilaterse, subpellucide, ad angulos preecipue incrassate, 

Foliola dissita, quadrato-oblonga, foliis duplo minora, apice obscure 
3-4-crenulata vel solum repando-retusa, 

Flores dioici: 9 ovato-fusiformes, Bracteee sub 9, arcte appressee, 


BAZZANIA. 373 


intime foliis } breviores, ovato-lanceolate concave, apice 2—3-cilio- 
late vel bifidule; cellule majuscule rectangulari-4—5-v. 6-gonie, 
vacuee. Ceetera haud visa, 


Cum hac congruit B. phyllobola S.quoad folia decidua, differt autem 
foliis duplo angustioribus, basi haud cordatis ; foliolis plus duplo 
minoribus ; bracteis duplo majoribus. B. tridens Nees. distincta est foliis 
subimbricatis brevidentatis et foliolis minutis. 


4. BAZZANIA DIVERSICUSPIS, Spruce. 


Hab. Tauat, prope Para, supra filices repens. 

F16x°7, 13x °65; ¢ ss; f% “4x °4, “4x 35mm, 

Viridis, prostrata, laxa; caules 2-3-pollicares nigrescentes parce dicho- 
tomi, flagelliferi. 

Folia subdecidua subimbricata decurva subfaleata oblique semiovato- 
lingulata apice abrupte acuta v. subtridenticulata, dentibus lateralibus 
subobsoletis, raro rotundata, basi antica vix semicordata caulem sub- 
obtegentia, margine postico concavo; cellule subincrassatse, sub- 
pellucidze (ambitu interno subopac), medianz a basi ad dimidium 
folium duplo majores subelongatze vittam indistinctam efformantes. 

Foliola 3-4-plo breviora, quadrata, vel quadrato-oblonga, retusa v. obsolete 
3—4-crenulata, basi hine cum folii basi contigua (vix connata). 

B. tenera L. et G., quoad foliorum apicem diversiformem nostrze similis, 
certe diversa erit foliis multo minoribus brevioribusque. Cf. Spec. Hep. 

Way ts 1: 


5. BAZZANIA BRASILIENSIS (Nees). 


Mastigobrywm brasiliense G. et Lindenb. Sp. Hep. 85 t. 15. 

Hab. in Brasilia media et australi (Martius). In sylva Amazonica 
haud infrequens, secus fluvios Negro et Uaupés pracipue (R.s. 1849- 
1855) ; perianthia autem rarissima. 


F 16x °6 (x 3-35 apice); c Js; f* 5 x °4, 5K 45mm, 

Mediocris, flavida vel virescens, strato tenui procumbens. Caules 
2-3-pollicares dichotomi ; flagella creberrima, foliis minutis ovatis 
ovato-lanceolatisve integris apiceve 2—3-dentatis tristichis distantibus 
vestita, apice subaphyllo radicantia. Raro advenit ramus posticus 
furcatus normaliter foliosus. 

Folia subimbricata decurvula oblique ovato-ligulata subfalcata, utroque 
margine (basi anticd rotundaté dimidium caulem obtegente excepta) 
fere recta, repandula, evittata, apice oblique truncato profunde 
3-(raro 4-) dentata, dentibus acutis subacuminatis, sinubus acutis 
obtusisve ; cellulee mediocres pellucidee incrassatze, medianze perpaulo 
sensimque majores subelongate. 

Foliola triplo minora, contigua vel subimbricata, quadrata vel oblongo- 
quadrata, apice truncato vel mutica, vel 4-crenata-denticulatave, vel 
6-denticulata, denticulis alternis minoribus. 

Flores dioici: @ ramulo brevi postico sistentes. Bractezee 4—5-jugse 
appressee ovatee 2-3-fidee, laciniis subulatis, subciliolatee; bracteola 
intima bis bifida vel plurilaciniata, laciniis ciliiformibus. 

Perianthium emersum ovato-subulatum, subfusiforme, trigonum (apice 
in specimine jam disruptum). Calyptra inferne 2 v. 3 cellulas 
crassa, apice tenuis. 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. hese 


374 BAZZANIA. 


6. BAZZANIA AURESCENS Spruce. 


Hab. in declivibus saxosis umbrosis montis Guayrapurina Andium 
Peruvianorum. 

F'16 x °65 (apice x °3 -'35); ¢ ah-ds 3 f% 65 x ‘65™™, 

Mediocris, viridi-aurea, ceespitosa-stratificata. Caules tenues rufi flexuosi 
parum et subacute dichotomi. 

Folia contigua vel basi sola imbricatula, angulo fere recto divergentia, 
oblique obcuneato-ligulata, paululum falcata et decurvula, apice 
truncato trifida, dentibus rectis anguste triangularibus cuspidulatis, 
raro subdenticulatis, medio seepe submajore, basi antica rotundata 
(haud semicordata) } caulem velantia, margine repandula, basi postica 
vix subanrpliata, medio evittata; cellule concolores subpellucide 
valide incrassate, medic lateralibus sensim paulo majores, omnes 
euttulate et quasi-moniliate. 

Foliola dissita foliis 24plo breviora, cuneata vel late euneato-quadrata— 
subinde subrotunda—apice truncato sub 4-crenata, crenulis rotundatis 
seepeque apiculatis, margine utrinque grosse 2-3-crenata, basi excisa 
‘aro hine deorsum in dentem producta. 

A Bb. brasiliensi, cui proxima, distat foliis sparsioribus, dentibus longi- 
oribus cuspidulatis; foliolis submajoribus, utroque latere grosse crenatis ; 
erenulis apicis magnis plerumque apiculatis. 

LB. humifusa §. foliis eadem longitudine, apice in dentes 3 longos fissis, 
B. aurescente congruit; differt tamen foliis basi amploribus, antice caulem 
obtegentibus, vittatis; foliolis submajoribus basi cordato-biauriculatis, 
margine laterali haud crenatis. , 


Obs. The trigones at the angles of the cells are sometimes almost as 
large as the cells themselves; and the lumen (or cavity) of each cell being 
subcontiguous to that of the cell at each end of it, but widely separated 
from the lumen of the collateral cells, causes the cells to resemble strings 
of minute oblong pearls, alternating with rows of smaller, angular and 
yellowish beads (the trigones). 


7. BAZZANIA LEPTOSTIPA Spruce. 


ITab. In M. Chimborazo, in eodem cespite ae B. Chimborazensis 8. 

F 2:0 x 1-0, ¢ dy, ok, ds, f% 175 x 65, br 2°0 x 1:0 per 4:0 x 0°8™™, 

Fulva, laxe stratificata, pendula; caules 2-3-pollicares badii acute 
dichotomi flagelliferi, seepe ob folia decidua ex parte denudatt. 

Yolia decidua, contigua, perpaulo imbricata, subdivergentia, patula v. 
decurvo-subsecunda, subfalcata, oblique ovato-ligulata, apice truncato 
3-dentata, dentibus brevibus peracutis v. apiculatis, sinubus pleramque 
obtusis, basi anticé vix semicordata } caulem imbricantia, postica vix 
dilatata deewrrentia; cellule subpellucidee incrassatee, interiores 
pluriseriata sensim multo majores, concolores tamen nec vittam 
discolorem efformantes. 

Foliola subdissita appressa tenuissima, foliis vix 3plo breviora; quadrato- 
oblonga apice truncato vix obscure crenulata basi utrinque brevissime 
decurrentia, cellulis tenuibus oblongis reticulata. 

Flores dioici: 9 postici, bracteae suberectse concave, intima foliis 
wquilongee v. subbreviores, ovato-lanceolatie, tenues, rectangulari-reti- 
culate, apice trifidee, segmentis tenui-subulatis. 

Perianthia foliis subduplo longiora, 5plo longiora quam lata, anguste 


BAZZANIA. 375 


ovato-fusiformia, trigona (demum, fructu repleta, fere teretia) apice 
constricto 6-fida vix ciliolata. 

B. Brasiliensis, huic affinis, differt foliis subminoribus persistentibus ; 
basi sat angustioribus nec decurrentibus, apice magis profunde _fissis; 
foliolis minoribus patelis validioribus apice magis distincte crenatis ; 
bracteis plurifidis, laciniis ciliolatis. 


8. BAZZANIA VIRIDISSIMA, Spruce, 


Hab. In monte Campana, ad saxa. 
F' 2:3 x 1-0 (apice x 0°5); ¢ ss—7 ; f 8x -85™™. 


“2. oOo 

Robusta, viridissima, prostrata stratificata; caules 2-3-pollicares pluries 
(divaricato-) dichotomi flagelliferi. 

Folia imbricata (basi ad 4 lat.) parum decurva, falcata, subdivergentia, 
longe et oblique ovato-lgulata, apice oblique trunecato argute 3-(4-) 
dentata, dentibus triangularibus peracutis subapiculatisve, medio 
szepe submajore, basi antic& profunde semicordata caulem transeuntia, 
postica perpaulo rotundato-dilatata integerrima (haud crispula), 
czetero margine repandula. Cellule mediz lateralibus plus duplo 
mnajores Vix vittam formantes. 

Foliola triplo fere minora, rotundo-quadrata, apice truncato irregulariter 
3—4-crenata-denticulatave, margine subintegerrima, basi obscure 
cordata, v. semicordata, hine in auriculam parvam rotundam pro- 
ducta, illinc solum breviter decurrentia. 

Fl. dioici: amenta ¢ sola habui. 

B. Brasilensis, affinis, habet folia dimidio minora, basi angustiora (nec 
semicordata), flavida, pellucida, cellulis lateralibus majoribus ; foliola 
multo minora, longiora quanv lata, basi minime subcordata; habitus 
quoque valde diversus est. 


9. BAzZANIA TERETIUSCULA (Lindenb. et G.). 


Mastigobrywm teretiusculum L. et G. Spec. Hep. no. 49, t. 20. 


Hab. In M. Tunguragua, ad arborum truncos (R. 8.); Mexico (Lirs- 
MANN). 


F15x-75; ¢ Aa; f 65x 55mm, 

Mediocris, dense stratificata, fulva, apice virescens. Caules 3—4-pollicares 
tenuiusculi anguste dichotomi (angulo 20°-40°); rami apice spe 
hamati, siccando e foliis devolutis teretiusculi ; flagella erebra. 

Folia subimbricata decurvo-subsecunda—in sicco devoluta—subfaleata, 
semicordato-ovato-lanceolata, sublinguzeformia, apice oblique trun- 
cato breviter 2—3-dentata, dente postico seepius minore infraiipicali, 
raro apice lanceolata (i.e. solum unidentata), subcanaliculata, repan- 
dula, basi antica caulem obtegentia, medio evittata ; cellule pachy- 
dermes pellucide convexule, mediz sensim majores nec in fal- 
sinervum disposite. 

Foliola subcontigua, 5 folio subminora, quadrato-oblonga, apice truncato 
sub 4-crenata, basi excisa, margine repandula. 

Obs. Stirps Mexicana subminor est, foliorum dentibus magis acutis, vix 
autem specifice diversa. 

B. tridens (Nees ; L. et G. Spec. Hep. t. 14) Javanica, certe diversa est 
foliis planioribus angustioribus et foliolis minutis. 


376 BAZZANIA. 


10, BAZZANIA PLANIUSCULA (G, et Lindenb.). 


Mastigobryum planiusculum G. et L, Spec. Hep. 63 t. 12. 

Hab, Andes Peruvianos, in M. Campana, cum B. ancistrode ; in M. Guay- 
rapurina, B. bidente aliisque Bazzaniis implexa. E Mexico attulit 
LIEBMANN. 

F'1°8x°8 (apice x *4); ¢ de—-ds—ays f* “7 x 65, 6 x 6; br 1°3 x °6™™, 


2 


Mediocris fuscidula prostrata. Caules 2-3-pollicares, parce dichotomi, 
flagellis crebris validis reptantes. 

Folia (basi ad 4 latitudinis) subimbricata, plus minus decurva vel fere 
plana, angulo subrecto divergentia, subfalcata, a basi amplore antice 
semicordata postice paulo rotundata fere ligulata, vel ovato-ligulata, 
apice subobliquo argute trifida; dentibus anguste triangularibus 
acutis subacuminatisve, eequimagnis vel medio majore, haud raro 
hinc denticulo armatis ; cellule: subopacie, medize sensim submajores, 
lateralibus tamen concolores nec in vittam ordinatie. 

Foliola vix triplo minora subquadrata, apice 4-vel szepe 6-fida, dentibus 
hamatis cuspidatis, raro muticis, margine utrinque 1-—2-crenata, 
crenulis rotundatis acutisve, basi vix brevissime cordata. 

Flores dioici. Bractes ? erecto-patule tenerz pellucide, intime foliis 
sat breviores ovato-lanceolate, trifidee, laciniis erectis subulato- 
ee subdenticulatis. 


>. Chimborazensis, huic aftinis, folia habet submajora, minus ligulata 

d 7 ? 
me sat latiora, dentibus apicis brevioribus, margine superne subdenticu- 
lato; foliola valde irregulariter fissa, ex. p. crenata, ex p. incisula. 


11. BAzzANIA CHIMBORAZENSIS, Spruce. 
FHlab. ad arborum ramos in monte Chimborazo. 


F2ROxD15 oak 4-5); c. medic gs, laterales 35; ft °9x "75, 8x 75; 
brlel: pera ox ole, 


Elata, ex see pendula, flavo-viridis laxe stratificata. Caules 3-4- 
pollicares dichotomi (angulo vix recto) crebre flagelliferi. 

Folia subimbricata, falcata, parum decurva, semicordato-ovato-oblonga 
subtriangulariave, apice truncato serrato-tridentata, dentibus brevi- 
usculis triangularibus apiculatis, inferiore seepe minore, margine 
apicem versus apiceque erosula subdenticulatave, basi antica caulem 
obtegentia, posticd paulo dilatata; cellulie pellucidie parvee ad 
angulos incrassatee, medic pluriseriatie pallidie ceteris duplo ma- 
jores. 

Foliola contigua foliis plus duplo breviora quadrato-rotunda oblongave 
basi breviter subcordata, toto margine varie crenata incisulave 
insuperque minute erosula. 

Flores dioici: foem. postici. Bractew foliis minores tener pellucidie, 
intime ovatee apice in cilia longiuscula fissee. 

Perianthia foliis haud duplo longiora lanceolato-fusiformia, supra medium 
obtuse trigona, angulis canaliculatis, ore constricto subciliato, 


Mastigobrywm uncigerum Nees. Hep. Jav.; L. et G. Spec. Hep. 112, 
t. 19, differt foliis duplo brevioribus, dimidio supero linearibus, apice 
minus argute 3(-2)-dentatis, ceeterum integerrimis, cellulis omnibus 
subsequalibus. 


BAZZANIA. 377 


11. BAZZANIA FLAVICANS, Spruce. 


Hab. In M. Tunguragua, ad arbores. 

F 21x11 (x ‘55 apice); cAs—sy—ays f 1:0 x9, 1:05 1:05™™. 

Mediocris stratificata flavicans tenera; caules 2-3-pollicares parce 
dichotomi, decurvi, flagelliferi. 

Folia subimbricata plus minus decurva vel fere plana, siccando immutata, 
faleata, oblique ovato-ligulata, apice oblique truncato trifidula, 
dentibus acutis triangularibus supero spe longiore, basi antica 
caulem paulo transeuntia, posticd inflexo-crispula vix subdilatata ; 
cellule pellucide, medize sensim multo majores haud in vittam 
dispositee, incrassatee, trigonis maximis. 

Foliola duplo breviora, subimbricata, utrinque a foliis libera, rotundo- 
quadrata, apice truncato obsolete 3-4-crenata, margine integerrima 
vel obscure subcrenata, basi breviter cordata, auriculis rotundis haud 
conniventibus. 

A B. stolonifera Sw. certe diversa foliis haud decurrentibus et foliolis 
basi cordatis. 


13. BazzANtaA VINCENTINA (Lehm. et L.) 


Jungermania Vincentina L. et L. Pug. PL IV; Mastigobryuwm Vine. G. L. 
et N. Syn. Hep. 226; Sp. Hep. 71, t. 13. 

Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad arborum truncos et e ramis pendula in sylva _, 
Canelos juxta fl. Pastasa’ (alt. 1500™) etiam in M. Tunguragua, alt. 
2500™: Rr. s.; ad fl. Napo (Jamuson).*,Ex insula Sti Vincentii et 
Bolivia habuerunt cl. auctores Synopseos. 

F 25 x1:5 (apice x°8); c. media gy, laterales J3-s5; f! 1°25 x 1°25; br 
IGE per 2:9) x, lam 

Elata, valida, fulva vel olivaceo-viridis, prostrata stratificata. Caules 
3-9-pollicares badii nigrescentesve, ter quaterve dichotomi (angulo 
60°-90°), crebre flagelliferi. 

Folia magna subplana, rarius decurva, subdivergentia, basi ad 4-4 lat. 
imbricata, apice dissita, subfalcata vel fere recta, semicordato-ovato- 
ligulata—caulina sepe latiora et subtriangularia, margine antico 
inferne. rotundato caulem transeuntia, postico subrecto ipsa basi 
crispula, apice rotundato-truncato tridentata, dentibus brevibus sub- 
apiculato-acutis, medio dente multo majore triangulari, sinubus 
lunatis vel subacutis; cellule laterales parve pellucide guttulate, 
ad angulos incrassate, subeequilateree, medianz (subocto-seriatee) 
2-3-plo longiores nervum latum fingentes. 

Foliola foliis duplo breviora, caule triplo latiora, imbricata subplana sub- 
orbiculata—alia quadrato-rotunda—basi cordata, auriculis oblongis 
subrectis vel conniventibus, toto margine late (sub 8-) crenata, vel 
solum repanda. 

Flores dioici. Bractee 2 primum patule demum perianthio adpresse, 
scariose. elongato-reticulate, intime foliis dimidio—interdum duplo 
—hbreviores, ovate: acuminate apice plus minus lacinulato-ciliate 
subinde bilobee. 

Perianthia involucrum subduplo superantia, fusiformia, obtuse 3-plicata, 
demum ore 6-fida, laciniis apice vel piliformibus vel in cilia pauca 
brevia erecta fissis; basin versus 2-3-strata, supra medium unistrata. 
Calyptra duplo brevior basi 3-strata, superne 2-1-strata. Capsula 
oblongo-subcylindrica. 


378 BAZZANIA. 


Amenta ¢ postica, foliolo sublongiore suffulta, iIncurva crassa ovato- 
oblonga trigona; bracteze confertissimee 5—8-jugee orbiculate valde 
concave emarginate retuseve, diandrie; bracteolee subconformes, 
integree vel apice rotundato erosule. 

Var. macrophylla S. Folia elongata (3:°0x 1:8™™). Bracteze pro ratione 
breviores, ovato-orbiculatee. Perianthia maxima (4'0 x 1:0™™),—Ad 
fluvium Napo legit JAMESON. 

Var. submutica 8. Folia apice triangulari-truncata, vel bis retusula, vel 
denique obsolete 3—4-angulato-dentata. Foliola magna (1°65 x 
1°65™™"), auriculis baseos faleatis seepe imbricatis. Perianthia 
maxima (4°0 x 1°5™™),—In sylva Canelos (8. 8.) 


Obs. Folia basi postica crispata plerumque integerrima, rarius dente 
brevi uno alterove armata.— Foliola B. Vincentine in exemplaribus 
meipso lectse, et quoque in Antillanis a cl. Husnor basi distincte 
cordata; in ‘Spec. Hepat.’ descriptione “e basi cordata amplexic- 
auli” dicta sunt, quod tamen figurze tabulze citatze minime monstrant. 


14. BazzANIA ROBUSTA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad fluvios Negro, Uaupés et Casiquiart, in sylvis preecipue humili- 
oribus, super truncos vetustos rupesque necnon ad arbuscularum 
ramulos. 

F 2°5 x 1:25 (apice x *35-"4); c. mediw 35, laterales 35; f ‘9x°7, °9x°85; 
br’2'0s per 3'S xX 0'9™™. 

Robusta rigida rufescens dense stratificata. Caules 4-pollicares, iteratim 
dichotomi, crebre flagelliferi ; rami siccando uncinati, 

Folia arctissime imbricata, alterna vel (rarius) subopposita, decurvo- 
secunda, falcata, valde oblique cordato-lingulata, apice angustius- 
culo truncato argute tridentata, dente medio paulo majore—raro 
4-dentata, dente quarto infra-apicali—sinubus rotundatis, dentibus 
acutissimis interdum denticulatis, basi anticaé gibba caulem exacte 
obtegentia, postica subampliata parum recurvo-crispula et eroso- 
denticulata; cellule pellucidz intus 6-sinuate, pariete flavido ad 
angulos valde incrassato, medize majuscule Jateralibus sensim 
minoribus fere concolores. Folium dichotomiale integrum, e cordato- 
ovata basi sensim acuminatum. Folia flagelloram minuta ovata, 
apice 2~3-dentata, basi externa raro radicellifera, 

Foliola triplo fere breviora, imbricata, oblongo-ovatove-orbiculata, toto 
margine crenulato-repanda-erosulave, raro apice magis distincte 
tricrenata, basi cordata, auriculis subrotundis conniventibus margine 
sinuato-crispulis integerrimis. 

Flores dioici. Bracteee 9 subappressee, intima foliis subbreviores ovato- 
lanceolatee acuminate, apice in cilia erecta dissolute, concavee 
tenerrime. 

Perianthia foliis dimidio longiora, tenuia, plus 4-plo longiora quam lata, 
ovato-subulata, a basi fere trigono-plicata, ore constricto ciliis longis 
sub 15 in penicillum congestis ornata. Calyptra duplo brevior 
cylindrico-oblonga, basi quasi-stipitata ibidemque pistillidiis ster- 
ilibus cireumdata. Capsula calyptra duplo brevior, oblonga, sub- 
cylindrica. Elateres tenues subobtusi dispiri, sporis minutis sub- 
duplo angustiores. 


BAZZANIA. 379 


15. BAZZANIA HETEROCLADA, Spruce. 


Hab. in monte Guayrapurina, Andium Peruvie, ubi in declivibus 
umbrosis ad rupes arborumque pedem plagas latas densissimas 
efformat. 

F 2:0x1:2 (bast) X°65 (sinu) x35 (apice); ¢ So—sy; f' 9x75 br. int 
Ong maa. 

Albido-viridis dein rufula, stratificata, procumbens vel suberecta. Caules 
3-4-pollicares tenuiusculi anguste dichotomi (angulo sub 30°) ; 
necnon ramos posticos (e foliorum axilla ortos) foliosos floriferosque 
—flagella propria autem paucissima, brevia arcuata microphylla sub- 
radicellosa—proferentes. 

Folia conferta late imbricata, apice dissita, decurvo-secunda, valde falcata, 
e basi lata ovali sinuato-angustata, triangulari-ligulata, apice truncato 
grosse tridentata, dentibus brevi-subulatis acutis, basi antica sub- 
semicordata caulem obtegentia; margine postico incurvo, basi valde 
ampliata tamen recurvulo, sinuque grosse 2—4-spinoso vel solum 
denticulato ; cellule parve pellucids valde incrassate, medianz 
haud duplo majores in laterales sensim decrescentes (neque nervum 
fingentes). Folium axillare ceteris longius, ovato-subulatum in- 
tegrum. 

Foliola foliis duplo minova imbricata, quadrato-oblonga, apice breviter 
4-fida, dentibus rotundatis acutisve, margine undulato utrinque 
medium versus in dentem angulumve prominulo; basi subcordata, 
auriculis mediocribus decurrentibus integerrimis. 

Flores dioici: @ crebri, subinde in folioli axilla binati. Bractez arcte 
imbricate 4-juge tenuissime, intime foliis equilonge, ovato- 
lanceolatze acutatse anguste bifidee (media, 7. e. bracteola, trifida) eroso- 
ciliolata ; bracteze exteriores sensim minores, apice recurvule. 

Perianthia (valde juvenilia) 6-plicata, ore 12-laciniata, laciniis subciliatis. 

B. spinigera S. differt dentibus foliorum apicalibus divaricatis ; foliolis 

basi spinoso-auriculatis. B. Gottscheana Lindenb. (quoad stolones foliosos 

nostre similis) folia habet inferne angustiora et inermia; foliola apice 
subintegerrima. 


16. BAZzZANIA HUMIFUSA, Spruce. 


Hab. M. Campana Peruvis, in declivibus humidis ad terram sub fruti- 
culorum umbra, socio Sphagno Perwviano, sterilis. 

F 1°7 x°85 (apice) x°3); ¢ dy—gk; f™ “7x ‘7, °85 x “75™™, 

Rufula reptans stratificata. Caules 3-pollicares tenuiusculi parce 
dichotomi, angulo subacuto, flagellis perraris. 

Folia subimbricata subdeflexa, vix faleata, parum obliqua, longe semi- 
cordato-triangularia, apice angusto oblique truncato argute 3-dentata, 
dentibus lato-subulatis subapiculatis (supero paulo minore), basi 
antica caulem obtegentia, postica rotundata angulatave, raro in 
dentem obtusum porrecta; cellule pellucidze incrassate, trigonis 
maximis, laterales parvee, median plus duplo longiores pluri- (sub 
12-) seriate. 

Foliola foliis duplo minora subcontigua subquadrata, apice 4 crenata, 
basi cordata, auriculis rotundo-oblongis falcatis conniyentibus, raro 
hine prope basin unidentata. 


380 BAZZANIA. 


Var. olivacea. Folia interdum bidentata, normalibus tridentatis inter- 
posita, basi postica juxta caulem in auriculam parvam rotundatam 
vel unispinam protracta; foliolis seepe solum 3-dentatis——F' 1:25 x °6 
(apice X*125-25); ¢ oy-A; f 55x ‘5™™,—In eodem loco, cum 
Aneurts mixta. 

Mastigobryum Hookeri Ldng. (Spec. Hep. 77, t. 14) valde simile 
videretur ; folia tamen habet majora, minus longe dentata, et foliola 
apice grosse 4-6-incisa. 

In var. olivacea folia ramorum superiorum omnia fere bidentata seepe 
videntur ; ab omnibus? ormis autem B. bidentis facile distincta est foliis 
dimidio longioribus foliolisque basi distincte cordatis. 


17. BAZZANIA ANCISTRODES, Spruce. 


Hab. in monte Campana Andium Peruvie, ad rupes. 

F149 x 1:2 (apice x °4); ¢. inferiores 3, later. et super. Jg-2y; f% “9 x °6, 
ix Gow 

Mediocris rufula dense stratificata. Caules 2—3-pollicares, pluries dicho- 
tomi, angulo bifurcationis vario, flagellis paucis. 

Folia basi ad dimidium fere imbricata, apice dissita, insigniter falcata, 
valde oblique ovato-ligulata, apice oblique truncato breviter 3-den- 
tata, dentibus triangularibus acutis, uno alterove spe obsoleto, basi 
antica semicordata caulem subtranseuntia, posticé anguste ampliata 
longe decurrentia juxta caulem perseepe 2-3-spina, caeterum integ- 
errima repandula vel ad sinum subdenticulata; cellule pellucidee 
valde incrassatee, medize pluriseriate lateralibus sensim majores nec 
in vittam dispositee. 

Foliola foliis duplo breviora inbricata rectangulari-ovatove-oblonga. apice 
rotundato truncato crenulata repandave, margine subintegerrima, 
basi profunde cordata, auriculis falcatis conniventi-contiguis-imbri- 
catisve paucispinis, raro externe hastatim unispinis. 

Flores dioici: 

B. spinigera 8. huie certe peraflinis, differt foliis subbrevioribus valde 
gibboso-falcatis, dentibus apicis longioribus divergentibus, auricula postica 
magis spinosa; foliolis apice grosse bis bifidis (nec solum obsolete 
crenulatis). 

B. acanthostipa S.(e M. Campana) distincta habitu robustiore, colore 
flavido, foliorwm dentibus apiculatis ; foliolis tam latis quam longis, apice 
alte 4-crenatis, toto margine auriculisque spinosis. 

Mastigobryum arcuatum G. et L. Spee. Hep. 61, t. 12, quoad habitum, 
folia conferta uncinata, ete. nostree simile, differt foliis haud decurrentibus 
at basi gibbis; foliolis minus profunde cordatis basi integerrimis.—M. 
stoloniferum (Sw.), foliis decurrentibus ac in nostra, distincta est tam 
foliis quam foliolis integerrimis, his basi vix cordatis. 


18, BAZZANIA SPINIGERA, Spruce. 

Hab. in sylva Amazonica prope fl. Negro ostia, in rivali Tarwmd ripis ; 
etiam ad Panuré fl. Uaupés, ad arborum radices in sylvis humi- 
lioribus. 

F 16 x 11 bast (x °4 apice); f% ‘9 x 65; ¢ 7y™. 

Subhumilis, pallide flavo-viridis, fragilis, stratificata. Caules 1}-2- 
pollicares, parce dichotomi (angulo vix recto) flagelliferi. 


BAZZANIA, 381 


Folia arcte (ultra } lat.) imbricata, parum decurvula, ovato-cordatove- 
ligulata, insigniter gibboso-faleata, valde inzquilatera, apice 3- (raro 
4-) dentata, dentibus subineequalibus subdivergentibus peracutis, 
sinubus plus minus obtusis, basi antic& caulem vix exacte obtegentia, 
posticé valde rotundato-ampliata ibidemque paucispina, juxta caulem 
seepe 2-3-ciliata, angulo externo haud raro bastatim unispina ; 
ceetero margine undulato-repanda, postico (basi excepta) late incurva ; 
cellulee parvule pellucidé, pariete valde incrassato, trigonis seepe 
dimidiam cellulam excedentibus, guttulate, convexuli, inferiores 
mediz sensim majores subelongatz haud tamen in vittam dispositie. 

Foliola 4 folium excedentia, ovato-oblonga, apice rotundato-truncato 
varia, seepius bis bidentata, dentibus obtusis, acutis, apiculatis 
acuminatisve, basi profunde cordata spinisque paucis armata, inter- 
dum subhastata, juxta caulem sepe utrinque in spinam longam, 
cum spina contraria cruciatam, protracta, ceetero margine repanda 
vel subcrenata. 

Flores dioici. Bracteze 9 erecto-patule, foliis breviores, apice bifidee et 
ciliato-fimbriatz. 

B. robusta 8., ad eundem fluvium Uaupés lecta, differt foliis validis 
multo longioribus—vix autem latioribus—minus abrupte falcatis, basi 
postica minus lata solum eroso-denticulatis ; foliolis (pro foliis) breviori- 
bus, toto margine crenato-repandulis, auriculis baseos suborbiculatis 
integerrimis. 

Duz species, in Andibus Peruvianis lect, a B. spinigera differunt : 
B. acanthostipa 8. foliis magis elongatis, foliolis (pro ratione) minoribus 
quadratis ; 2. B. heteroclada 8. foliis majoribus, foliolis quadrato-oblongis 
basi inermibus. 


19. BAZZANIA ACANTHOSTIPA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos in M. Campana, ad saxa, aliis Bazzaniis con- 
sociata. 


F2:0 x 1°15, 2°2x 1:2; c. media infertores 35, laterales py; f' °85 x ‘85mm, 


Elata, erecta procumbensve, stratificata, pallide flavida. Caules 6-8- 
pollicares simplices vel semel bisve dichotomi, flagelliferi. 

Folia tenera distiche patula, parum decurvula, basi ad 4 lat. imbricata, 
subfaleata, valde oblique semicordato-ovato-lingulata, apice oblique 
truncato subacute tridentata, dentibus triangularibus apiculatis, basi 
antica caulem transeuntia, postico amplata ibidemque recurvula 4- 
spina, spina infima longiore supra caulem protracta; cellule pel- 
lucidee, trigonis maximis, mediz inferiores elongate lateralibus 
sensim duplo longiores nervum indistincte fingentes. 

Foliola 24plo breviora subcontigua cordato-quadrata, apice rotundato 
truncatove acute 4-crenata, crenulis oblongis rotundatis vel abrupte 
apiculatis, margine utrinque grosse 1—2-dentata, raro imermia, basi 
cordato-biauriculata, auriculis conniventibus imbricatis oblongis 
recurvo-crispis vario modo 2—4-spinis. 


B. spinigera diversa est foliis brevioribus insigniter arcuato-falcatis ; 
foliolis pro ratione multo majoribus, margine laterali integerrimis ; 
B. heteroclada statura humiliore, ramis posticis seepe foliosis ramulosisque, 
neque solum flagelliformibus ; foliis confertis apice longidentatis ; foliolis 
basi integerrimis decurrentibus, vix cordatis, 


MICROPTERYGIUM. 


ee] 
OO 
bo 


XIV. MICROPTERYGIUM, Lindenb. N. et G. Syn. Hep. 


Genus, habitu distinctissimum, ab affinibus Bazzania et Lepidozia 
fructificatione sola eegre dignoscendum, congruit enim florescentiis 
hypogenis czterisque caracteribus, nec differt nisi bracteis ? cari- 
natis, perianthiis ore longissime ciliatis, capsula prelonga cylindracea 
bistrata, et floribus ¢ constantermonandris. Quoad ramificationem 
autem foliaque differentias maximi momenti ostendit. Plante 
subpusillze in cespites magnos depressos crescunt. Caules plume- 
formi-imbricati, a caudice repente subaphyllo radicelloso orti, 
arcuantes, laxe pinnati ; rami laterales, foliis exacte axillares, cum 
foliis devexi; adveniunt etiam rami postici, perseepe ad flagella 
radicantia redacti, interdum ad caulis instar pinnati et foliosi. 
Folia incuba, equitanti-imbricata vel subdissita, celluloso-denticulata 
vel apice serrulata, profunde complicato-biloba, lobis fere vel usque 
ad apicem connatis, superiore majore, sutura cum inferiore longe 
intramarginali (unde folia ad carinam late alata evadunt). Rete pro 
m. densissimum, e cellulis conico-prominulis verruculosis exaspera- 
tum; solum in M. letophyllo laxius, cellulis subplanis levibus. 
Foliola ubique presentia, foliis 2-10plo minora, angusta vel sub- 
rotunda, apice 3-4-dentata-spinulosave. 

Hab. In sylvis calidis opacis ad truncos prostratos cariosos, rarius 
ad saxa vel ad arbores vetustas. 

Distr, Genus pulcherrimum solum in America tropica, equatoriali 
precipue, in die cognitum. In sylvis fluminis Amazonum et in 
Andium orientalium radicibus valde abundat. Species autem per- 
paucas cognovimus, in libris confusas et inextricabiles. Mzerop- 
terygium vulgare Nees in Syn, Hep. et in Spec. Hepat. Lg. et G. 
species plane composita est. Specimina sub nom. ‘“ Micropt. 
vulgare” a beato Montagne mecum communicata, pro typo Jung. 
Pterygophylli Martii (an recte?) habui. Jung. cymbifolia Lehm. et 
Lg., e Guadalupa allata, (ad Novum Eboracum per errorem indicata) 
mihi adhuce ignota restat. 


Obs. Mastigobrya 3, a cl. Lindenberg et Gottsche in opere suo prestan- 
tissimo ‘ Species Hepaticarum ’ descripta, se. M. anzsostomum L. et L, 
(e Nova Zelandia) ; M. inequilaterum L. et L. et M. echinatum G. 
(ex India orientali), ad Micropterygium e longinquo accedunt: foliis 
canaliculatis, apice ineequaliter bilobis, facie asperis, necnon foliolis 
apice trifidis ; distinetee autem foliis minime complicatis, perianthiis 
ipso ore solum denticulatis, &e., &e. Easdem pro genere proprio, a 
Mastigobryo (i.e. Bazzania) bene distincto, rite habendas censeo. 


MICROPTERYGIUM. 383 


1. M. parvistipulum. Parum ramosa, ramis oligophyllis. F. equitantia, 
ad basin fere usque complicata ; lamina superior triplo longior quam 
lata, ovato-lanceolata oblique acuta subserrulata, facie aspera; 1. 
inferior duplo angustior, lanceolata; ala laminz inferiori similis 
eequilonga, minus lata; cellule preminute, in conum truncatum 
asperulum prominule. F!* foliis 10plo breviora, cuneato-rotunda, 
apice 3—4-dentata integerrimave. -Perianthia trigona albida, ore 
longiciliata. 

2. M. Pterigophyllum. Vage ramosa, ramis polyphyllis. F. vix imbri- 
cata, ad basin fere usque complicata, serrulata, aspera ; 1. sup. duplo 
longior quam lata, sublingulata acutata ; 1. inf. vix duplo angustior, 
acuminata ; ala angustiuscula, longe supra folii basin desinens ; c¢. 
minutulz prominule et asperule. F'* foliis plus duplo breviora, 
suborbiculata serrulata, apice argute 3-dentata. Per. superne alte 
3-carinata, ore longissime ciliata. 

3. M. angustistipulum. Laxe pinnata, pinnis longiusculis. F. equi- 
tantia repanda asperula ; 1. sup. subduplo longior quam lata, ovato- 
oblonga, truncato-obtusata ; 1. inf. superiore plus duplo angustior, 
paulo brevior; ala lamin inferiori subequilata; ¢. praeminute 
prominulz asperule. F!* foliis vix duplo breviora, angusta, ovato- 
lanceolata, apice spinoso-2—4-dentata, raro integra. 

4, M. leiophyllum. lLaxe pinnata, pinnis pro m. brevibus. F. subequi- 
tantia subleevissima, apice truncato pauciserrata, ovato-oblonga, 
solum in dimidio supero complicata ; 1. inferior alaque 1. superiore 
plus triplo angustiores ; ¢. parvee planiusculz pellucide. F'* foliis 
duplo breviora, ligulato-oblonga, apice 3—-4-spinulosa. Per. omnium 
maxima, linearia, obtuse trigona, ore longiuscule ciliata. 


1. MICROPTERYGIUM PARVISTIPULUM, Spruce. 


Hab. in truncis prostratis cariosis ubique sylvarum ad fluv. Negro et 
Uaupés ripas, in nemore arenoso Umirisdl dicto prope Manaos 
preecipue, frequens. 

F. lam, sup “75 x ‘25, inf 7 x 15, ala 1™™ lata, c ,; f'* 07 x 08; bractez 
1°35 x ‘4-5 ; per 3:0 x 0°5, caps 1°0 x *B5™™. 

Pallide viridis, late czespitoso-procumbens. Caules 2™ longi, basi sub- 
aphylli radicellosi, dein arcuantes, folia distantia parva ovata 
acuminata alato-carinata gerentes. Rami laterales pauci, 3™™ longi, 
suberecti, plumeeformi-arcuati, ambitu. (cum foliis sub 15-jugis) 
lineari-lanceolati ; postici perpauci flagellares. 

Folia equitanti-imbricata planiuscula, leniter decurvula, angulo axillari 
sub 70° patentia; lamella superior oblique ovato-lanceolata, triplo 
longior quam lata, oblique acuta, basi semicordata, margine distanter 
serrulata necnon cellulis prominulis valde crenulata erosulaque, 
faciebus asperrima ; 1. inferior basi vix brevior, apice cum superiore 
contermina, lanceolata acutata, basi rotundata; ala lamelle inf. 
equilonga, angustior tamen; cellule preminute pachydermes 
angulato-rotundee-oblongeeve, in conum truncatum asperulum alte 
prominulz, carinam versus majores rectangulares. 

Foliola preeminuta, foliis 10plo breviora, caulivix zequilata, cuneato-rotunda, 
apice irregulariter 3-4-dentata raro subintegerrima, pro m. arhiza. 

Flores dioici: ramulus ? e caulis facie inferiore ortus, brevissimus, basi 
radicellis villosus. Bracteze 6, biseriate, appressee, 3 exteriores 
minute, interiores foliis duplo fere longiores, anguste ovato-oblonge, 


MICROPTERYGIUM. 


oo 
fora) 
TSS 


carinate, apice angusto bifidule longiciliateeque, ceetero margine 
distanter ciliolate, reti laxo elongato levi nonnisi apicem versus 
asperulo. 

Perianthia magna, ramis foliosis subeequilonga, albida lineari-subulata 
trigona, ore in cilia prelonga flexuosa pluritida, reti superne asperulo, 
inferne levi et valde elongato. Calyptra duplo brevior tenuissima, 
demum irregulariter rupta. Capsula magna cylindrico-oblonga. 

Amenta ¢ breviuseula incurva albida; bracteee 5-8-juge conferte 
pellucide ovato-cymbiformes, acumine breviusculo tenui spe 
bidentulo, margine hic illic denticulato. Antheridia solitaria. 


2. MicropreryaiuM PrERYGOPHULLUM (Mart.) 


Jungermania Pterygophyllum Nees in Mart. Fl. Bras. icon. t. 19; 
Micropterygium vulgare Nees, Lg. et G. Syn. Hep. p.p. 

Hab. ad truncos putrescentes in monte Guayrapurina Andium Peruvize. 
Guiana gallica (Montagne, hb.) 

F. lamina sup. 6 x°3, inf 5 x°18, ala -4x°08; f 25x25; ¢ gh-2 
br. intima 16x ‘55; per 35x °55, cilia 4-7 longa; cal 1°35 x °55 
caps 1:0 X35™™, 

Pallide viridis ceespitoso-procumbens, plagas magnas laxas formans. Caudex 
breviter repens subdivisus, radicellosus subaphyllus, caules pollicares 
assurgenti-arcuantes et flagella radicantia edens. Caules vage 
insequaliter ramosi; rami laterales pro more polyphylli, raro 
ramulosi; postici vel tota longitudine, vel basi sola radicelliferi, 
superne foliosi interdum ramulosi. Radicelle fasciculate, sub 6 
(4-12) in quoque fasciculo, e foliis minutis (squameformibus) 
tristichis ortie. 

Folia subdissita vel parum imbricata, late patentia, supra subtusque 
convexula, e cellulis prominulis scaberulis exasperata; lamella 
superior trapezoideo-lanceolata-lingulatave sensim acutata, margine 
supero rectiusculo solum basin versus late rotundato vel etiam sub- 
semicordato ; 1. inferior apice cum superiore contermina, basi sub- 
brevior, medio vix duplo angustior, lanceolata acuminata serrulata ; 
ala folio 4-plo fere angustior, longe supra basin desinens ; cellule 
minutule subpellucidee, rotundo-quadratie-hexagoneve, facie alte 
convexee coniceve, minute tuberculosee. 

Foliola subcontigua, foliis plus duplo breviora, suborbiculata concava, 
apice incisulo-3-dentata, toto margine subserrulata. 

Flores dioici: 2 ramulo brevissimo postico, basi polyrhizo, e caudice vel 
spe e caule folioso orto, constantes. Bractez 6, biseriatee appressee ; 
intima (postica) foliis caulinis triplo fere longior, oblonga acuminata, 
triplo longior quam lata, tenuissima, carinata, apice in cilia 3-4 pree- 
longa dissoluta, ceetero margine subciliata, reti elongato pelluci- 
dissimo ; bractea secunda sublatior firmiorque, minus ciliata; br. 
tertia paulo minor ; bractez seriei exterioris multo minores, extima 
minuta. 

Perianthia magna, involucrum plus duplo superantia, lineari-trigona 
subulato-acuminata superne alte plicato-tricarinata, apice connivente 
in cilia longissima ($™™") soluta, cellulis angustis, triplo longioribus 
quam. latis, fere vacuis, planis sed minutissime asperulis, conflata. 
Pistillidia ad 15 vidi: sterilia demum calyptree basiadnata. Calyptra 
perianthio triplo fere brevior, pyriformis pallida tenuis, cellulis uni- 
stratis ineequilateris 4-7-gonis constans, demum apice fisso bilabiata. 


MICROPTERYGIUM. 385 


Pedicellus validus brevis. Capsula magna cylindraceo-oblonga, triplo 
fere longior quam lata. 

Amenta ¢ in planta propria, ramum posticum breviorem longioremve 
terminantia, circinnata, julacea ; braceteze ad 12-jugee, imbricate, 
subrotund, cymbiformi-complicatze (arte explicate paulo latiores 
quam long), acuminulate bidentuleve, subdenticulate, valde 
pellucidee. Bracteolee oblongo-rotundze bifidulee ubique obvie. 


Specimina subnom. “Micropterygium vulgare Nees,” acel. Montagne 
recepta, ad hancce speciem spectant. Folia e cellulis alte et subacute 
conicis asperrima, toto margine serrulata et celluloso-erosa. Foliola 
quadrato-rotunda, apice subtridentata, valde celluloso-serrulata, ramorum 
tenuiorum oblonga ovaliave, bifidula. Perianthia omnino eadem ac in 
nostra. 

In M. Campana aderat forma dense late czespitosa, ex albido-viridi 
tufula; foliis confertis laxe complicatis cymbiformi-concavis abrupte 
acutis, lamella inferiore latiore, ovato-lanceolata, ala breviore, cellulis 
supra subtusque in conum truncatum verruculosum alte prominulis. 
(M. Campanense Mst.) 


3. MICROPTERYGIUM ANGUSTISTIPULUM, Spruce. 


Hab. ad saxa in M. Campana ceterisyue Andibus Peruvianis inferioribus, 
alt. circiter 1000™. 


F. lobus *6 x °33, lobulus 5 x °15, ala ‘5 x °125, ¢ <4, ; foliola °35 x 15mm, 


Ceespitosa pallide rufula. Caules vix pollicares, basi brevi repentes, dein 
assurgentes et arcuato-decurvi, vage vel laxepinnatim ramosi, ramique 
(seepius elongati) subzequifoliati, solum basi apiceque subparvifolii ; 
hic illic, basin versus preecipue, rarius e medio tergo apiceve, flagella 
pallida tenuia flexuosa centimetrum longa, primo visu aphylla sed 
radicellosa, proferentes. Alia flagella autem apice normaliter foliosa 
interdumque ramulosa. 

Folia pulchre disticha, eequitanti-subimbricata, arcte complicata ; lobus 
(s. lamina superior) duplo fere longior quam latus, oblique ovato- 
oblongus vel subrhomboideus, truncato-obtusatus, basi dilatatus 
subinde subsemicordatus, margine e cellularum tuberculis minutis- 
sime asperulo, superne angulato-repando rarius grosse subdenticulato ; 
lobulus (s. lamina inferior) dimidio lobo subangustior, eidem margine 
suo inferiore adnatus, haud tamen ad lobi ipsum marginem sed paulo 
intra (sicuti limbus alave lobulum superstet), paulo ante folii apicem 
sensim vel subabrupte desinens, margine superiore scaberulo repando ; 
ala semilunari-lineari-lanceolata, lobulo subaquilata. Cellule pree- 
minute, subguttulate, subquadratee rhombezve (medium folii versus 
distincte subhexagonze) parum prominule, tota superficie crebre 
minute tuberculose, unde folia asperula evadunt.—Folia flagellorum 
foliolaque minuta, subequimagna, distantia, squameformia, apice vel 
integra vel digitatim fissa ; radicellz (seepius 8), omnibus foliis adjectie, 
4-10-fasciculate, filiformes, pallide. 

Foliola dimidio folio sublongiora, concava, subappressa, vix imbricatula, 
ovato-ovalive-lanceolata, apice spinoso-bidentula vel 3-4-dentata, 
raro integra et acuminata. 

Flores dioici: 9 subbasales, ramulo brevi sistentes (imperfecti solum 
visi). 

M. Pterygophyllum, huic proxima, differt foliis foliolisque toto margine 


386 MICROPTERYGIUM. 


serrulatis, foliorum ala duplo angustiore basi longe breviore, foliolis paulo 
brevioribus suborbiculatis (nec lanceolatis). 


4, MIcROPTERYGIUM LEIOPHYLLUM, Spruce, 


Hab. per planitiem Amazonicam valde frequens, in sylvis primevis 
umbrosis ad saxa et arborum truncos tam vivos quam prostratos et 
putrescentes ; locis (Brasiliw) Caripi, Mandos, Taruma, S. Gabriel, 
fl. Uaupés, &c.; (Venezuele) Cocti, S. Carlos, &e. In Andibus 
orientalibus rarior est et vix supra 900™ ascendit. 


F'°85 x -43, lamina inf. "4x °25; fl" 4x 183 ¢ 3p 5 br. nt 15x °555 per 
4:5 x°*75; caps ‘75x °3™™, 


Pallide viridis pellucida, in plagas latas laxiusculas extensa. Caules 
3-4 ™ longi, validi, 8 cell. diametro, 20 cell. circiter circumferentia, 
arcuato-reptantes, intricati, basi subaphylli et flagelliferi, dein dis- 
tanter parvifolii laxepinnatim ramosi. Rami distantes, laterales 
simplices erecti, apice decurvi (in sicco circinati) oligo-(raro_poly-) 
phylli; postici pauciores, plerumque flagellares rufescentes flexuosi 
parce radicellosi, alii autem foliosi iterum ramulosi. 

Folia subimbricata decurvulo-secunda sublevissima, oblique ovato- 
oblonga, apice subrecte-rotundatove-truncato pauciserrato-dentata 
(dentibus 4-7), ceetero margine repandula integerrima, dimidio 
inferiore subplana vel caviuscula, superiore laxe et valde ineequaliter 
complieata; lamina postica folio duplo brevior, plus triplo angustior, 
semilanceolata, apicem versus 2-3-denticulata; ala laminz subcon- 
formis, integerrima; cellule parvee (pro genere majusculz) pellucide, 
subpachydermes, planiuscule, subrhombe, carinam versus longiores 
et rectangulares vel subhexagonze, endochromio parco. 

Foliola foliis duplo breviora, contigua, erecta, subconcava, ligulato- 
oblonga, apice 3—4-spinulosa, raro radicellifera. 

Flores dioici: 9 rari, in ramo brevissimo postico terminales. Bractese 
9, tristichee, appressee ; exteriores minutissime ; intima foliis 3plo 
fere longior, ligulato-oblonga, apice profunde inciso-ciliata, ciliis 
sub 4 latiusculis flexuosis subciliolatis, caetero margine subciliolata ; 
bractese duse proxime sequentes sensim minores, latiores, minus 
incisee: omnes tenues pellucidee obtuse carmatze. 

Perianthia maxima, bracteis triplo longiora, linearia obtuse trigona 
incurva levissima, apice subconstricto in cilia longiuscula torta 
soluta; cellulee anguste rectangulares. Calyptra plus duplo brevior, 
tenuis. Capsula elongato-oblonga bistrata; cellule strati exterioris 
oblongo-quadratie, pariete trabeculato, interiores fibris semiannulari- 
bus intus fulcite. Elateres longi, laxe dispiri, folliculo tenuissimo. 
Spore minute, diametro elateribus subminores, leves. 

Andrwcia tenuispica, varie posita, plerumque ramulum posticum totum, 
vcl ejus apicem solum tenentia, rarius in ramis lateralibus terminalia. 
Bracteze ad 10-jugee, parvee tenerrimee conferte: assurgenti-secundee 
orbiculatee concavissime eroso-denticulate, inferiores mutica, supe- 
riores acuminate. Antheridia solitaria globosa, in stipite equilongo. 
Bracteolee longitudine bractearum, lanceolate, utroque fine acu- 
minatie. 

Ad S. Gubriel fluvii Negro, in sylvis humilioribus ad arborum radices, 
advenit forma luxurians, densa, seepe bipinnata ; ramiis foliisque planioribus, 
his magis serrvatis, dentibus ad dimidium folium fere descendentibus ; 


MICROPTERYGIUM. 387 


foliolis ovalibus apice argute 3-4-spinis. Ad hane forman spectare videtur 
“ Mier. vulgare” Spec. Hepat. quoad jig. 4. tabule 21, foliolis apice autem 
4-ciliatis. 


XV. MYTILOPSIS, Spruce. 
Nov. gen. in tractatu “De Cephalozia” (a. 1882). 


Caudex brevis prostratus subdivisus rhizomatosus, cawles lineari- 
frondiformes arcuantes, subsimplices vel paucirameos edens, ramis 
omnibus hypogenis, aliis flagellaribus. Folia perfecte plano-disticha 
complicato-carinata subequivalvia, margine parum hiantia, valvulis 
lamellisve ad apicem usque accretis, carina superne angustissime 
alata ; cellule praminut pachydermes verruculose. Foliola caulina 
omnino nulla. ores cladogeni: ¢ amentiformes, bractee mon- 
andre. Bractee floris 9 2—3-jugze, tristiche, intime foliis sub- 
longiores, tenuissimz, obtuse complicate: bifidee subciliatee. Peri- 
anthium liberum elongatum leptoderme, inferne 4-(rarius 3-)angulum, 
apice 6-8-plicatum, ore longiciliatum. Calyptra libera tenuis. 
Capsula oblongo-cylindrica bistrata, cellulis internis vacuis. Elateres 
dispiri. Sporce tuberculose. 

Hab. et Distr. Unicam speciem adhuc cognitam locis cavis 
Andium orientalium Peruvie inveni. 

A Micropterygio distincta erit Mytilopsis defectu foliolorum, foliis 
eequaliter complicatis, structura perianthu, &e. &e. 


1. MYTILOPSIS ALBIFRONS, Spruce (TAB. xiv.). 


Hab. in montibus Andium Peruvianorum orientalium, alt. circiter 1000 
metra supra mare, haud infrequens, locis cavis umbrosis ubi ad folia 
emortua saxaque ceespites latos eflicit. Fructum rarissimum nonnisi 
ad fluvii Cumbasa caput reperi. 

Caules $-15™ longi, (cum foliis) 1:2™™ lati; f. lob. 65 x ‘3, ¢ 4; br “75 
ee; bE 9 Xd; per 2°0 x 0°6,) 1°35 x 0°55 cal 1-0-8; caps 8! x 
5; elat 25mm, 

Ceespitosa, albescens, albido-viridis, raro roseo picta, opaca, in sicco fulva, 
rigidiuscula et fragilis. Caudex prostratus flexuosus divisus rhizo- 
matosus et radicellosus, caules assurgentes erectosve, apice decurvulos, 
foliosos, solum basi brevi spatio subaphyllos, fertiles (eum foliis 20- 
27-jugis) frondem lineari-lanceolatam, steriles (cum foliis sub 40- 
jugis) linearem, sistentes, pancirameos edens. Rami omnes postici, 
alii breves ad florescentiam redacti; alii flagelliformes, folia minuta 
et radicellas gerentes, alii normaliter foliosi. 

Folia perfecte disticha, transversa, arcte complicata, marginibus parum 
hiantia, contigua vel subequitantia, arte explanata cordato-oblonga; 
lamellz lineari-rhomboide, fere equimagne, paulo ante apicem 
grosse unidentate, toto margine eroso-repandie et minute verruculosie; 
anterior dimidio inferiore posteriorem perpaulo superans et in alam 
perangustam (1-8 cell, latam) repandam ultra carinam protracta ; 


MYTILOPSIS. 


Oo 
io 2) 
io 2) 


cellule preminute subrotunde, intus 6-sinuate, carinam versus 
oblongo-hexagonz, omnes convexul, minute tuberculosze, pariete 
incrassato, trigonis magnis. Folia caulina apice valde fissilia, raro 
revera subbifida. F. flagellorum minuta cochleata bifida. 

Foliola caulina omnino nulla. 

Flores dioici postici: 9 e caudice, rarius e caule orti, interdum fasci- 
culato-2-3-ni. Bractez tristiche, bi-trijugee, 3 interiores foliis 
sublongiores, tenuissimz, ovate, obtuse complicato-concavee, ad $ 
bifida, segmentis tenui-acuminulatis, superne subciliate, reti laxiore 
elongato rectangulo et rhomboideo-hexagono vacuo; intima (brac- 
teola) paulo longior, ad } fissa, inciso-ciliata. Bracteze exteriores 
multo minores, late oblique ovate concave, apice integre bifidulzeve. 

Perianthia bracteas plus duplo excedentia, tenuia, anguste pyramidato- 
fusiformia,*inferne obtuse 3-vel seepius 4-gona, apicem versus 6-8- 
plicata, ore conniventi-clauso ciliis longis flexuosis fimbriata, textura 
bractearum. Calyptra paulo brevior ovalis tenuis. Capsula oblongo- 
cylindrica, vix duplo longior quam lata, pallide badia, bistrata ; 
cellule ad parietes laterales trabeculis paucis fulcite, strati interioris _ 
fibra semiannulari carentes. Elateres longiuscul, laxe dispiri, 
subacuti. Spore globose, elaterum diametro, tuberculose. 

Andrecia amenta tenuia postica arcuata sistentia; bractesze pauce 
orbiculate concave, apice bidentes, monandre. 

Obs. The branches spring from the middle of the under face of the 
stem. The leaves veil the stem with their cordate base both at front and 
at back, and their bases imbricate those of the opposite side of the stem ; 
so that the branches also are veiled at their insertion by the leaf-bases on 
both sides, but are not axillary to them as the pinnate branches of 
Micropterygium are. The @ branches, usually shortened down to the 
flower alone, are sometimes elongate and flagelliform, radicellose except 
at the flowering apex. 


XVI. CEPHALOZIA, Dum. emend. 


Recueil d’Obs. sur les Jung. (1835). Trigonanthus Spruce, 

Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (1849). Jungermanie sp. Syn. Hep.* 

Plante e prothaliio lineari filiformive, interdum ramoso, orte, pro 
more pusillze minuteve, raro majuscule, foliose—in unica specie 
frondosee—radicellosze, subramosz, ramis omnibus hypogenis (e facie 
caulis inferiore ortis), nisi in aliis speciebus subgeneris Cephalozielle 
quibus accedunt rami pauci (rarissime omnes) laterales. Folia 
succuba, in paucis subtransversa, sat lata, plus minus concava, vel 
subcomplicata, in plerisque subsequaliter biloba, in paucis integra, 
margine incurvulo—nullibi reflexo—integerrimo, rarius denticulato, 
Foliola foliis minora, in plerisque speciebus ex parte vel omnino 
nulla, ad florescentias autem semper presentia. lores dioici vel 
monoici (autoici, raro paroici); ¢ monandri, in amentis posticis, 


* Conf. etiam tractatum ‘On Cephalozia. Rich. Spruce, 1882.’ 


CEPHALOZIA. 389 


rarius in spicis terminalibus, positi. loves 9 in plurimis speciebus 
cladogeni, in perpaucis normaliter acrogeni, in aliis situ vario nunc 
terminales nunc postici. Bractew in capitulum congestz, tristiche, 
sepissime trijugee, bi- (dein 3-4-) lobse, inter se (saltem intime) 
sepe connate, a periantho tamen libere. Pistillidia 20, raro 
pauciora. Perianthiwm elongatum trigono-prismaticum (in subgenere 
Cephaloziella 3-6-gonum), ore truncato constricto varie fisso denti- 
culatove, raro integerrimo. Calyptra parvula, basi pistillidiis 
sterilibus circumdata. Capsula oblonga, ab ipsa basi quadrivalvis, 
bistrata, cellulis strati interioris fibris semiannularibus fulcitis: 
pedicello elongato tenui, cellulis in longitudine sub 60-seriatis 
conflato, suffulta. Hlateres dispiri decidui. Spore minute. 

Hab. Loca umbrosa et subhumida in sylvis et rivulorum ripis 
planitiei et montium humiliorum, ad terram, saxa, et preprimis ad 
truncos putrescentes. Loca aperta fugiunt, turbariis et sphagnetis 
exceptis, ubi inter muscos hygrophilos nidulant. Nullo climate nisi 
frigidissimo exules, species perpauce alpinz vel arctice in die 
cognite. 

Dist. In zonis temperatis, boreali precipue, magis frequenter 
adveniunt Hucephalozie et Cephalozielle ; sub equatore paucee 
species, isteeyue propriz, inveniuntur. Proto-Cephalozias, Pteropst- 
ellas et Alobiellas solum ex America tropica possidemus. Zoopsis 
habet tres species, alteram Amazonicam, alteras duas Australasicas 
et Malayanas. Odontoschismatis paucze species bene cognite cos- 
mopulitanz fere videntur, nullis terris nisi australioribus deficientes. 


Subgenus I. PROTO-CEPHALOZIA, Spruce, op. cit. (1882). 


Caulis nullus, nisi axiculus floris feminei brevissimus, ex ipso prothallio 
ortus. ractee foliacez tristiche profunde bilobe. Perianthia trigona, 
ore in 6 lacinias longas fissa. Andrecia in prothallii ramis nematoideis 
terminalia, spicata, bracteis minutis monandris. 


1. CEPHALOZIA EPHEMEROIDES, Spruce. (Tab. XV.) 


In sylvis fluvii Negro superioris, locis 8. Carlos et Catanacunami, ad terram 
umbrosam. 

Filamenta ‘8—-1°6™™ longa, eorundem cellule 73-3 longe, 7™™ late; br. 
Q 1°75, cellule ;5-1; per 2°5; caps 3 x °18™™. 

Minuta albescens acaulis, facie Ephemert equinoctialis Spruce. Protonema 
ceespitosum, filamentis confervoideis suberectis fastigiatis subdicho- 
tome ramosis constans. Cellule filamentorum uniserlatee—rarissime 
basin versus biseriate—vix duplo longiores quam late, pellucide 

TRANS. BOT, SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 24 


390 CEPHALOZIA, | PROTO-CEPHALOZIA. 


chlorophyllose. E filamentorum fasciculi basi oritur flos ? ; alia 
filamenta apice in amenta ¢ abeunt: florescentia igitur monoica. 
Bracte floris 2 trijugee tristichee confertz suberecta, intime majuscule 
bifidee-partiteeve integerrime, lamina basali ovata, laciniis subulatis 
apice fere capillaribus ; bracteola bracteis equilonga, magis profunde 
fissa ; cellulee magne tenues pellucide lineari-hexagone-parallelo- 
grammeve. Bracteze exteriores sensiin minores, conformes. 
Perianthia bracteas solum dimidio superantia, pellucida, trigono-subulata 
incurva, ore (tam sterilium quam fertilium) profunde (ad }-$) sexfida, 
laciniis tenuibus flexuosis capillaceo-acuminatis. Capsula parvula 
oblonga. 
Andreecia bracteis foemineis plus duplo breviora tenuia recurva ; bractez 
sub 10-jugee minute incurvo-secunde ovate bifidee monandre. 


Subgenus II. PTEROPSIELLA, Spruce. 
Pteropsiella Spruce in Journ. Bot. (1876). 


Plant sat robuste, pro filicula, Metzgerta vel Pallavicinia quadam 
facile preetervisee. Caulis validns, utrinque prelate alatus, revera frondi- 
formis, serpentinus, facie infera ramos alios trondosos, alios flagelliformes, 
alios floriferos proferens, folia autem nulla parte preter ad florescentias 
ostendens. Bracteew @ folia tristicha profunde bifida sistentes. Pert- 
anthium prelongum lineari-subulatum trigonum, leptoderme, _ ore 
6-laciniatum. Calyptra parva tenuis. Capsula oblongo-cylindrica 
ceeteraque omnino Cephaloziw. Andrecia amentiformia, postica, raro in 
ipso caule terminalia; bractece monandree. 


2. CEPHALOZIA FRONDIFORMIS, Spruce. (Tab. XVI.) 
Pteropsiella frondiformis S. in Journ. Bot. 1876. 


Hab. in aggeribus umbrosis, rivulorum ripis, truncis semiputridis, 
fructibus lignosis decisis, etc., ad fluvios Negro, Uaupés et Casiquiari, 
frequens, prope pagum San Carlos preecipue. 

Cellule frondis 3, -35°™, bractearum Wo" longe. Bractee intime 1:3 x °8; 
per 3°8x°7; cal 9x°6; caps “(5x'3; amenta g 15-20; br g 
“3 x <6) 

Frondes 1-2-pollicares olivaceo-virides prostrate: plance serpentine, ramos 
paucos posticos frondiformes simplices—raro iterum ramosos— 
edentes, basi ad solam costam redacte, deinde in laminam tenuem 
lato-linearem—hic illic constrictam adeoque inzequilatam—apice 
angustatam, dilatatee ; subtus per intervalla radicellas breves fasci- 
culatas, necnon flagella aphylla radicellis hirta demittentes. Caulis 
(costave) validus semicylindricus, supra planus 2-3-cellulas latus. 
Cellule caulis corticales 9-seriatee brevi-cylindricee subcompressee 
pellucidee, interna 2-3-plo angustiores sub 20-seriatee subopacee. 
Pagina frondis latitudine inaequalis, plerumque utrinque 4-6- 
cellulas lata, hie illic ad 12 cell. usque lata, margine crenulato-erosa ;. 
cellule majuscule elongato-4—6-gonze, in seriebus angulum 70° cum 
costa formantibus dispositee, pellucida, fere vacuee, leptodermes, in 
ztate subincrassate, marginales longe minores. 

Flores dioici: @ ramulo perbrevi, facie costee postica orlundo, sursum 
curvato, constantes. Bracteze 3-stiche, 3-4-jugee; intima multo 


PTEROPSIELLA. | CEPHALOZIA. 391 


majores liberze pallid pellucide elongato-areolate ovate, ultra 
medium bifid, laciniis tenuiacuminatis denticulatis spinulosisve ; 
bracteole bracteis conformes, dimidio minores vel fere eequimagne. 

Perianthia bracteas triplo superantia, incurva elongata lineari-subulata 
triquetro-prismatica, ore constricto 6-fida, laciniis capillaceo-acumi- 
natis subspinulosis. Calyptra perianthio 4-plo brevior ovalis tenuis. 
Capsula oblongo-cylindracea, ad basin usque 4-valvis, bistrata ; 
cellule exteriores tesselatee, columnis parietalibus hic illic fulcite, 
interiores fibris semiannularibus dissitis notatee. Elateres brevius- 
culi subobtusi dispiri, nonnulli basales ceteris breviores obtusati. 
Sporze globose, elateribus eequilatee, minute tuberculosee. 

Amenta ¢ postica—raro in frondis ipsius apice terminales—olivaceo- 
viridia, julacea; bracteze 10-20-juge, conferte assurgenti-secunde 
rectangulari-cuneatze breviter bifidee, segmentis frequenter in cornua 
brevia porrectis, concave monandre. Bracteolee pro more (nec 
semper) adjectse sunt: parvee, quadrate bidentate, dentibus cellula 
1-2 constantibus.—Plantz monoice raro adveniunt. 

This species is fond of growing on the decaying bark of old or prostrate 
trees. Luxuriant specimens were gathered on fallen pods of Parivoa 
excelsa. I found it once intermixed with male plants of C. integrifolia, 
from which its olive-green catkins at once distinguished it; C. integrifolia 
having them white, besides a distinctly leafy stem. 

The radicles originate in tubercles (of one or two cells) placed here and 
there on the underside of the costa; but even the tubercles are not 
developed unless radicles be needed for attaching the frond at that point. 
In the male spikes a few more cells are sometimes added on to these 
tubercles, which thus become underleaves, or bracteoles. The fronds, 
whether primary or secondary, often root also at the attenuated point. 


Subgenus III. ZOOPSIS, Hook, fil. (genus). 


Crypt. bot. Antarct. Voy. p. 55 (1846); Lindberg, Journ. Linn. Soc. 
(May 1872). R.S. in tract. cit. (1882). 

Plante minut prostrate cladocarpice, caule angusto frondiformi ad 
speciem (haud revera) aphyllo, laxe corticato, subradicelloso, paucirameo. 
Folia preminuta, sublongitudinaliter inserta 1-2-loba, lobis basi cellula 
singula (raro bina) magna constantibus, apice vel muticis vel cellula 
tenui unguiformi apiculatis. Foliola subnulla. Bractew foliis longe 
majores tristiche bipartite, laciniis subulatis. Perianthia pro plantula 
maxima, distincte trigona vel fere teretia, apice constricto profunde 


laciniato. Capsula etc. omnino Cephalozic. 


3. CEPHALOZIA MONODACTYLA, Spruce. 


In sylvis ad fluvii Negro cataractas, in terra nuda, preecipue ad cumulos 
a vermibus magnis suffossos; necnon in Lepidozia chetophylla 
parasitans. 

Rami 1-1°5™™ longi. Folia yg™™ longa. Caulis 75™™ latus. Cellule 
corticales, necnon foliares inferiores Jo, superiores 25™™. Bracteze 
int. 3-4; perianthia 1:0 x -2™™, 

Minutissima virescens, strato tenui effusa. Caules 5-10™™ longi fili- 
formes flexuosi, parum et substellatim ramosi, trigono-prismatici 
(supra plani, subtus carinati), cellularum seriebus 5 conflati ; cellule 
corticales vacue pellucidee, antice biseriate magne spheric (pres- 


392 CEPHALOZIA. [zoopsis, 


sione mutua angulatee) postice biseriate anguste rectangulari- 
oblong, axiales uniseriate tenuissimee chlorophyllose subopace. 
Rami omnes caulis facie postica orti, alii flagellares radicellosi 
subaphylh. 

Folia cellulis caulis binis dissita, distiche patentia, insertione exacte 
longitudinalia, cellulis solum 2, suprapositis (rarissime 1 vel 3) con- 
stantia; cellule pellucide parce chlorophyllose, inferior magna 
truncato-conica, superior 4plo minor incurva unguiformis, basi 
constricta. 

Flores monoici: @ postici (ramulo brevissimo constantes). Bractez 
1-2-juge 3-stichee, perianthio subtriplo breviores, liberee connateve, 
profunde bipartite, sinu obtuso, laciniis subulatis elongato-cellulosis. 

Perianthia pro plantula maxima, foliis caulinis 16plo majora (!) trigono- 
subulata, ore profunde 6-fida, laciniis ciliiformibus. Calyptra parva 
tenuis. Capsula oblenga. 

Rami ¢ ceteris ramis eequilongi, assurgentes: bracteze plurijuge secunde 
confertee suberectze subulate, cellulis 5-6 constantes, integre 
bifideeve, monandre. Bracteolas nullas vidi. 

Obs. The leaves never want the terminal minute hooked cell, which is 
very mostly imposed on a truncato-conical cell of four times the size, 
these two cells constituting the entire leaf. But sometimes there are two 
(in lieu of only one) basal cells, and then the leaf becomes subulate. 
This brings it into relation with C. micromera, whose leaves (consisting 
of about ten cells) sometimes lose one of the two apical teeth, and thus 
from bifid they become entire and subulate; but in other respects, and 
especially in the inflorescence and the structure of the stem, they stand 
widely apart. The long filiform leaves, or leaf-crura, of Arachniopsis 
forbid the placing of C. monodactyla in that genus, although it obviously 
approaches it. 


Subgenus IV. ALOBIELLA, Spruce, op. cit. (1882). 


Plante mediocres albicantes, facie (nisi pro foliis succubis) magis 
Kantie quam Cephalozie. Caulis postice ramosus, ramique foliosi—raro 
flagellares. Folia fere longitudinalia, distiche patula, plana, integra— 
vel alia integra, alia apice bidentella—laxe pellucide reticulata ; cellule 
majuscule magneve, subrectangulares, duplo longiores quam late. 
Foliola aliis speciebus prsentia, parvula, integra et bifida. Flores 9 
cladogeni; in unica specie acrogeni. bractee profunde bifide ; in unica 
C. acroseypha solum breviter 2—4-fide. Perianthia elongata, ab ipsa basi 
trigona, ore breviuscule fissa. Andracia vel spicata vel ad amenta postica 
redacta. 


§ 1. Foliola nulla. 


4. U. integrifolia. Dioica cladocarpa albicans nitens prostrata flagellifera. 
Folia fere longitudinalia subcontiguaoblonga rotundatasubtruncatave, 
rarissime apice bidentella, cellulis magnis oblongis. Br. bipartite, 
laciniis subulato-attenuatis. Per. alte emersa_lineari-subulata 
trigona, ore breviter trifida, segmentis apice 2—3-ciliatis. 

5. ©. macella. Monoica, facie C. bicuspidate formis macrioribus valde 
similis, distincta foliis planis ovato-triangularibus-trapezoideisve, 
apice rotundatis, retusis, oblique acutis (i.e. unidentatis) vel deni ue 
truncato-bidentatis, cellulis elongatis; bracteis bifidis, segmentis 
longe subulatis; per. ore breviuscule trifidis, segmentis 2-3-ciliatis. 


ALOBIELLA. | CEPHALOZIA. 393 


§ 2. Foliola foliis adjecta. 


6. C. acroscypha. Dioica acrocarpa pusilla tenerrima prostrata flagellifera. 
Folia subimbricata subplana ovato-oblonga-lanceolatave obtusata— 
raro retusa vel apice 2-3-crenata—cellulis majusculis elongatis. 
Foliola parva—superiora increscentia—subulata integra bifidave. 
Br. emarginato-2—-4-fide. Per. obtuse trigona, ore breviter 3-6-fida 
edentula. 

7. Husnoti. Dioica cladocarpa, a basi procumbente flagellifera erecta ; 
ramis fastigiatis, apice in sicco sepe hamatis. F. contigua patula 
plana lanceolata subacuta—rarissime bidentula, cellulis majusculis 
elongatis. F'* duplo breviora, linearia, ultra $ bifida. Br. carinate, 
ad } bifid, subdenticulate. Per, triquetro-prismatica, ore setulosa. 


4, CEPHALOZIA INTEGRIFOLIA, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylvis umbrosis fluvii Negro, supra cataractas, et fluvii Uaupés 
ubi in truncis prostratis putrescentibus, rarius ad aggeres umbrosos 
inter muscos, viget; etiam in Andibus Peruvianis super M. Cam- 
pana, alt. 1000™. 

F -4x°3 (in pil. sterili *8x°5); cellule ¥—)5; br 16x'6; per 25x 4, 
30 xX 5", 

Majuscula albido-viridis, margaritaceo-nitens, strato tenui late effusa. 
Caules 14-pollicares prostrati tenues subramosi, supra subplani, 
subtus conyexi, strato corticali pellucido induti; cellule corticales 
9-10-seriate compresso-cylindrice, interne 10-12-seriate triplo 
angustiores, sectione zequilateree. Rami omnes postici, alii flagelli- 
formes subaphylli radicelliferi. 

Folia vel dissita, vel subimbricata, vel szpissime valvatim contigua, 
longitudinaliter, vel (basi antica longius decurrentia) parum oblique 
inserta, oblonga rhomboideave, apice rotundata vel suboblique trun- 
cata, rarissime rudimentarie bidentata; inferiora superioraque sepe 
sensim minora (unde rami elongato-lanceolati fiunt); cellule magne 
oblongo-hexagonz leptodermes pellucide. 

Flores dioici: ¢ postici, ramo brevi constantes. Bractee 3-4-juge, 
intime variabiles, foliis 2-4plo longiores, lanceolate, ad 4 bipartite, 
basin versus angulatze, laciniis a basi late subulata longe sensimque 
attenuatis. 

Perianthia bracteas alte superantia, lineari-subulata-lanceolatave, trigona, 
ore breviuscule trifida, segmentis bi-trifidis, laciniis ciliiformibus 
inequalibus. Capsula oblongo-cylindracea, duplo longior quam lata. 

Amenta ¢ ramulo parvo constantia, albida, raro rami foliosi basin 
apicemve tenentia; bractee plurijuge conferte assurgenti-secunde 
parvee subquadrate emarginate, utroque apice cellula unica magna 
seepe apiculate, monandre. 

Obs. Plante foliis ex parte in frondem pinnatifidam plus minus alte 
connatis rarissime adveniunt.—Folium incubwin inter normalia succuba 
interpositum aliquando invenitur. Ceterum, nostra plantula, quoad 
aspectum, Calypogeiam (Kantiam) potius quam Cephaloziam refert. 


5. CEPHALOZIA MACELLA, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylva Amazonica, prope Santarem, ad fl. Tapajoz ostia, super 
ligna putrescentia in palude; etiam ad San Carlos del Rio Negro. 


394 CEPHALOZIA. [ ALOBIELLA. 


F 30x20, °25x'15; ¢ >;-yy; br 10x35; per 23x35; andrecia 
18; br ¢ 3™ 

Magnitudine C. bicuspidate, viridis, albicansve, tenuis, tenerrima, pro- 
strata laxe intricata. Caules pollicares flexuosi ramosi radicellosi, 
raro flagelliferi, inferne, vel hic illic, suabaphylli. 

Folia subcontigua explanata oblique ovato-triangularia-trapezoideave, 
apice vel oblique acuta (ie. unidentata), vel rotundata, vel retusa, 
vel denique truncato-bidentata; cellule majuscule leptodermes 
elongate, rectangulari-hexagonz, subchlorophyllose. 

Flores monoici: @ postici, ramo brevi triquetro constantes. Bractez 
3-juge, foliis 3-4plo longiores, intime ultra medium acute biloba, 
segmentis longe subulatis acutis integerrimis. 

Perianthia prelonga, foliis caulinis 8plo longiora, angusta fere linearia, 
ab ipsa basi trigono-prismatica, ore breviuscule trifida, segmentis in 
cilia 2 vel 3 fissis. 

Andrecia ramum totum vel ex parte tenentia; bractez foliis subequi- 
long vel sat minores, plurijugee, conferte, assurgenti-secunde, ad 4 
fere bifida, sinu acuto obtusove, segmentis subulatis erectis. 


6. CEPHALOZIA ACROSCYPHA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos, in declivibus arenosis umbrosis montis Guay- 
rapurina, socia Cephalozia Husnoti (G.). 

F 35x18; ¢ 33 ft 2x08; br 8x °55; per 12x°4; cal 35; caps 
GI n ox Laon 

Pusilla pallida tenerrima; caules 3-pollicares prostrati, hic radicellis 
fasciculatis, illic flagellis albidis, matrici adfixi, divaricato-subramosi, 
ramis posticis. 

Folia subimbricata late patula subplana, pellucida, ovato-oblonga-lance- 
olatave obtusata, raro retusula apiceve 2-3-crenata ; cellule majus- 
cule elongate subrectangulares, limitibus validis non autem incras- 
satis, intus annulo endochromii perangusto cincte, subplane. 

Foliola foliis fere duplo breviora subulata lineariave 4-5 c. longa, 1-3 ¢. 
lata, interdum bifida, haud raro amorpha obsoletave; superiora 
tamen increscentia sic uti in floris @ vicinia foliis solum paulo 
minora evadunt. 

Fl. dioici: Q in caule ramove elongato terminales, innovatione nulla 
suffulti; bracteze sub 3-jugee, exteriores in folia caulina normalia 
sensim transeuntes, intimz foliis 2plo longiores quadrato-oblonge 
apice inequaliter emarginato-bifide-quadrifideve; bracteola aqui- 
magna conformis magis symmetrica, cum bracteis subconnata liberave. 

~ —- Pistillidia 20. 

Perianthia, alte emersa, foliis 3-4plo longiora, 3plo longiora quam lata, 
lineari-oblonga obtuse obscureque trigona, ore vix subconstricto, 3-4 
fida, segmentis brevibus inzequilongis obtusulis. Calyptra 4plo fere 
minor pyriformis tenerrima, swpe basi cireumscissa et cum capsula in 
pedicello longo alte exserta. Capsula calyptra vix brevior, oblonga vel 
oblongo-globosa, vix longior quam lata, ad basin usque 4-valvis. 

Amenta pl. ¢ caulis ramive apicem tenentia; bracteee plurijuge, foliis 
paulo minores, magis erectze, a basi ad medium lobulo antico angusto 
ineari inflexo aucte, l-andre. Bracteola adsunt. 

Obs. Perianthium superne trigonum, angulo tertio postico nec antico ac 
in Jungermania; basi et perpaulo altius 3-2 cell. crassum, superne 
tenue. 


ALOBIELLA. | CEPHALOZIA. 395 


7. CepHatozia Husnott (Gottsche). 


Jungermania Husnoti G. in Husnot. Hep. Antillarum Exsice. (1868). 
J. lancifolia nob. in hb. (1855). 


Hab. In M. Guayrapurina Andium Peruvie ad vias cavas, alt. 1000™ 
(R. 8. Julio, 1855). Ins. Martiniea (Husnot. pl. ¢). 


F -8x°3 (18 cellulas longa, 14 lata); ¢ Js—sh longe, 7, late; f* -4x°1, 
35 X ‘1; per 1:0 x *5™™ (juvenilia). 

Late czespitosa flavo-viridis pellucida. Caules 3-pollicares, basi ipsa 
aphylla radicantes, dein decumbentes foliosi radicellosique, demum 
ascendentes suberective arhizi, flagella tamen valida e parte inferiore 
demittentes, vage subfastigiatim, raro subpinnatim v. flabellatim 
Tramosi, ramique siccando szepe apice incurvo-circinati, omnes (quoad 
insertionem) postici. 

Caulis parum compressus, fere teres; stratum corticale e cellulis 8-seriatis 
magnis pellucidis; cellule interne sub 8-seriatee angustiores, in 
caulis sectione annulos indistinctos efformantes. 

Folia plurijuga, paulo imbricata vel solummodo contigua, subassurgentia 
(siccando seepe inflexo-secunda), patula (axi angulum sub 70° cum 
caule efformante) oblique inserta, succuba, suboblique lanceolata 
subacuta, integra integerrimaque, repanda, rarissime apice biden- 
tula; cellule majusculee, duplo longiores quam latze, fere parallelo- 
gramme, planz, subleptodermes, parum chlorophyllose. 

Foliola foliis duplo breviora, linearia, caule angustiora, appressa, integra 
v. sepissime ultra medium bifida, laciniis erectis subulatis ineequi- 
longis. 

Flores dioici: Q ramulo brevi postico constantes. Bractez sub 5-jugee, 
extimz minut squamiformes, intimee foliis sublongiores, liber v. 
seepius inter se alte connate, ad 4 bifid, laxe complicate carinate, 
laciniis lanceolatis acutis recurvulis, medio margine utrinque angu- 
latze v. grosse subdenticulate; bracteola bracteis subzequalis minus 
complicata. Br. externze sensim minores, ovate, integrze, bifidulzeve, 
arcte imbricatze. 

Perianthia (valde juvenilia) triquetro-prismatica ore truncato subsetulosa. 
Pistillidia plurima (20++). 

Species maxime singularis, perbella, facie fere Schistostege ! 


Subgenus V. HU-CEPHALOZIA, Spruce, op. cit, (1882). 


Plante mediocres, raro pusille vel robustze, virescentes, rarius fulvee 
lurideve, interdum roseo pictee, Caulis plerumque mollis et fragilis, 
rarius rigidulus, in planum simplex vel rarissime: furcatus, postice plus 
minus ramosus, in paucis flagellifer. olia oblique inserta, seepe sat 
magna et lata, concava vel laxe complicata, margine integerrima, apice 
bifida; cellule pro m. majuscule, pellucidz, quadrato-hexagonz quadra- 
teve, sublevissimz. oliola (paucis sp. normalia) parva, integra bifidave. 
Flores dioici vel monoici, 2 in aliis speciebus constanter cladogeni, in 
aliis nunc clado-nune acrogeni; vel omnes fere acrogeni nec raro in ipso 
caule terminales. Bractew intime sat magne, 2—4-fidee, integerrime vel 
perszepe dentate, spinulose inciseeve. Perianthia fusiformia—interdum 
fere linearia—trigono-prismatica, ore constricto denticulata, setulosa, 
ciliata vel laciniata. Capsula plus minus oblonga, ceteraque ac in 


396 CEPHALOZIA. [ EU-CEPHALOZIA. 


prioribus subgeneribus. Andrecia spicata vel amentiformia, varie posita ; 
rarissime tamen hypogyna, bracteis ¢ scil. florem femineum proxime 
sequentibus. 

§ Foliola caulina presentia. 


8. C.micromera. Dioica cladocarpa minuta prostrata flagellifera. Caulis 
plano-convexus, cellulis corticis 6-seriatis, internis 4-seriatis, con- 
flatus, subramosus. F. subimbricata cuneato-quadrata ad $ acute 
bifida vel integra; segmentis subacuminatis, antico minore (sepe 
deficiente). #4 ad tuberculum cellulé unica, vel 2 collateralibus, 
constantem redacta. Br. bipartite, laciniis lanceolato-subulatis, 
altera interdum obsoleta. Per. magna ovato-subulata obtuse trigona, 
ore in lacinias tenui-subulatas profunde fissa. 

9. C. Serra. Dioica cladocarpa eflagellifera. Caulis plano-convexus, 
cellulis corticalibus 6-seriatis, internis 5-seriatis, conflatus, sub- 
ramosus. F. contigua plana ovato-quadrata breviter bifida, sinu 
acuto Iunatove, apicibus rectis acutis. F' foliis 3plo breviora 
oblato-quadrata emarginato-truncata. Br. ultra $ bifidee, laciniis lato- 
subulatis. Per. magna subulata superne obtuse tricarinata, ore 6-fida, 
laciniis capillaceo-acuminatis. 


§ 2. Foliola (preter ad florescentias) normaliter nulla. 


10. C. Crossii7. Monoica, formis C. bicuspidate tenellis primo visu sat 
similis, diversa autem flagellorum defectu; foliis angustioribus ultra 
3 bifidis, laciniis lanceolatis tenuiacuminatis; preesertim perianthio 
ore ciliis 7-8 cellulas longis insigniter fimbriato. 

ll. C. forficata. Dioica, C. conniventi Dicks. proxima, distincta foliorum 
sinu orbiculari, segmentis falcato-incurvis apice tenui fortficatis ; 
bracteis solum bilobis, liberis; perianthio cylindrico tereti, apice 
solo obsolete 3-vel 6-plicato, ore longiciliato; denique florescentia. 


8. CEPHALOZIA MICROMERA, Spruce. 


Hab. San Carlos del Rio Negro, in terra umbrosa humida. 

Rami 1-2™™ longi; f 15x'1; c gk; br ‘5-7; per 1x4; caps 35x 
“alisjah 

Minuta prostrata viridis; caules 3-4™™" longi, intricato-ramosi, interdum 
subpinnati, radicellosi, parum flagelliferi, saepe autem apice elongati 
vermiculares dissitifolii vel fere nudi; supra plani vel concavi, 
subtus convexi; cellulis corticis 6-seriatis majusculis pellucidis, 
axis 4-seriatis parvis subopacis. 

Folia subimbricata contiguave, basi obliqua (angulo sub 45°) inserta, 
subpatentia, cuneato-quadrata, ad medium acute bifida, segmentis 
subacuminatis acutis, antico minore, seepe minuto, vel omnino nullo 
(quando folium triangulare acuminatum evadit); cellule subglobosa 
vel parum elongate, mediocres, cujusque folii circiter decem. 

Foliola ad tuberculum rhizinophorum, cellula unicé (raro 2) constans, 
redacta. 

Flores dioici: 9 ramulo brevissimo constantes. Bractee trijuge tris- 
tichz, intimz foliis 4plo longiores erecto-appressee bipartite, segmentis 
lanceolato-subulatis integerrimis; una alterave bractea (postica 
precipue) sepe integra, nec bifida. 

Perianthia alte emersa tenera ovato-subulata obtuse trigona incurva, 


EU-CEPHALOZIA. | CEPHALOZIA. 397 


ore parum constricto 6-laciniata, laciniis subulato-attenuatis. Capsula 
5plo brevior, anguste ovalis. 

Amenta ¢ ramum totum tenentia; bractez plurijuge, foliis equi- 
magne, magis conferte, erectiores, segmentis longioribus ; bracteole 
rudimentariz. 


C. monodactyla S., foliis minutissimis, ad cellulas 2 (raro 3) redactis ; 
eaule cellulis solum 5- (nec 10-)seriatis conflato ; denique florescentia 
monoica differt.—C. pygmea S., florescentia monoica ; foliis distantibus, 
semper profunde bifidis, segmentis subulatis; cellulis duplo vel fere 
triplo minoribus ; bracteis denticulatis spinulosisve bene distincta. 


9. CEPHALOZIA SERRA, Spruce. 


Hab. Panuré fluvii Uaupes, supra ligna in humidis ; etiam ad fl. Negro 
cataractas in “ caatingas.” 

Sx 3; f* 1 x 125; c 3 Or. mt. 15 x 15; per 30 x -5™™, 

Cespites lati implexi, e viridi olivacei. Caules prostrati semipollicares 
vage ramosi, ramique semicylindrici, supra plani 2 cellulas lati. 
Stratum corticale caulis e cellulis 6-seriatis majusculis pellucidis 
formatum, seriebus nempe 2 anticis, 4 posticis; cellule interne 
minores, in series 5 longitudinales disposite. 

Folia longitudinaliter inserta, plana, exacte contigua v. perpaulo imbricata 
(itaque frondem continuam margine serratam simulant), ovato- 
quadrata, 7 cellulas longa, 8 cellulas lata, breviter bifida, sinu acuto 
lunulatove, apicibus rectis acutis ; cellule subzquilatere, 6-gone v. 
subquadrate. 

Foliola parva subsquarrosa, foliis 3plo breviora, oblato-quadrata emar- 
ginato-truncata, seepe ad limbum vix conspicuum redacta vel etiam 
obsoleta. 

Flores dioici : rami ? breves basi dense radicellosi. Bracteze sub 3-jugze, 
intime (2 laterales) foliis 5plo majores, appressee, cuneate, ultra 
medium bifid, laciniis lato-subulatis, integerrimz vel utrinque 
medio margine angulate, elongate cellulose ; intermedia (bracteola) 
paulo brevior ; br. 3 extimze minute emarginate ; 3 mediz magni- 
tudine formaque intermediz. 

Perianthia bracteis duplo longiora, subulata v. fere linearia, saepe 
hamata, superne obtuse triplicata, ore 6-fida, laciniis capillaceo- 
acuminatis. Capsula oblonga, vix duplo longior quam lata. 

Plante g amenta ramos fere totos occupantia; bractee plurijuge, 
foliis concolores, vix minores, subtransverse, conferte, secunde, 
monandre, subquadrate, sinu triangulari fere ad medium bifid, 
concave, nonulle lobulo antico dentiformi aucte, monandre v. 
sepissime vacue. Adveniunt etiam (sed rarius) amenta postica 
parva albida, bracteis paucijugis teneris monandris. 


10. CEPHALOZIA CrRossit, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Bogotenses, in rivuli arena juxta Popayan. Legit Ros. 
Cross, a. 1877. Ejusdem Cephaloziw, ut videtur, caules perpaucos 
steriles, cum Jungermania heteracria S. mixtos, prope Tarapoto, a. 1856, 
legi. 

Formis C. bicuspidate L. minoribus sat similis differt stolonibus nun- 
quam aphyllis et radicantibus; foliis angustioribus ultra 4 bifidis, 
segmentis lanceolatis sensim tenui-acuminatis—vel antico angustiore 


398 CEPHALOZIA. [nU-CEPHALOZIA, 


subulato, cellulis paulo angustioribus, 3,-35™™ longis ; bracteis semper 
solum bifidis fere integerrimis; perianthiis lineari-oblongis obtuse trigono- 
prismaticis, ore truncato hiante vel subconnivente longiciliatis, ciltis ad 
7-8 cellulas longis ; capsula breviore, oblonga vix subcylindrica. 

Cxespites densi intricati olivaceo-virides. Rami fertiles interdum elon- 
gati. Flores monoici: androecia medio caule ramove posita, foliis 
caulinis consecutiva, lis C. bicuspidate conformia. 


11. CEPHALOZIA FORFICATA, Spruce. 


Hab. In Andibus Peruvianis, alt. 1000-1300™, in ipsa terra supra M. 
Campana, in lignis putridis M. Guayrapurina. 

F ‘55 x °5 (basi) x *4 (ad sinum); ¢ sy-q53 br 8 x 6; per 2°0-2°5 x 65, 
cilia, 52". 

Pusilla pallide viridis prostrata, post siccationem difficillime emollitura. 
Caules pollicares flexuosi vage subramosi radicellosi eflagellares, 
compressi biconvexi, sectione ovali; cellule 3-strate, extime 
(corticales) sub 8-seriatee, interiores duplo angustiores, strati sub- 
corticalis 8-vel 7-seriatee, axiales circiter 5-seriate. 

Folia basi lata fere longitudinali inserta, antice decurrentia, contigua vel 
leniter imbricatula, patula plana, suboblique oblongo-rhombeove- 
rotunda, apice ad } altitudinis usque emarginato-bidentata, sinu 
lunari vel sepius orbiculari, dentibus falcato-conniventibus, apice 
tenui peracuto conniventi-contiguis vel etiam forficato-imbricatis ; 
cellule majuscule subzequilaterze crassiusculee leptodermes, fere 
vacue, marginales (anticee preecipue) ceteris submajores, apicales 
minute conice. 

Flores divici: @ in ramo perbrevi terminales. Bracteze trijugee tri- 
stichee, intimze multo majores, folia caulina dimidio excedentes, sub- 
appresse, liber, oblong, ultra medium bilobie, segmentis sensim 
acuminatis, laterales hinc, media (bracteola) utrinque medio margine 
dente obtuso auctee. 

Perianthia alte emersa, bracteas triplo superantia, cylindrico-tubulosa, 
apice solo obsolete 3-vel 6-plicata, ore abrupte constricto longiciliata ; 
ciliis longitudine foliorum caulinorum, cellulis 3 vel 4 uniseriatis 
linearibus, constantibus. 

Andreecia rami medium apicemve tenentia; bracteze foliis subminores 
plurijugie erecto-appressee concavo-canaliculatee ad medium bifide, 
segmentis  subacuminatis, monandre. Adveniunt plerumque 
bracteole parva, lineares amorpheeve, cellulis sub 6 biseriatis con- 
stantes. 

Jung. Sandvicensis Mont. (=J. crassifolia L. et G.) differt a C. forficata 
rigiditate, foliis ad 4 usque bilobis, lobis tenui-acuminatis pungentibus 
fere constanter strictis (nec conniventibus) ; perianthiis brevioribus tota 
fere longitudine obtuse trigonis, ore 12-ciliatis. 

“ Jungermania connivens Dicks.” (in Hookeri icone: Brit. Jung, tab. 15) 
cum nostra convenit perianthio longiciliato et foliorum sinu late lunulari ; 
insigniter discrepat autem florescentia monoica; bracteis connatis et 
digitatim $-5-fidis, et perianthiis anguste obovatis ; necnon foliorum 
segmentis (dentibusve} latioribus apice conniventibus nunquam tamen 
contiguis nec forficatis. 

Jungermania multiflora Spruce. (= J. connivens Dicks.” auctorum 
omnium fere recentiorum) folia habet minora, magis orbiculata, sinu 


CEPHALOZIELLA. | CEPHALOZIA. 399 


obtuso raro lunulari, segmentis conniventibus suberectisve, latioribus 
(antico basi 2—3-cell., postico 3-5-cell. lato), cellulis paulo minoribus ; 
bracteas foliis 3-4-plo majores sepe in excipulum alte connatas ; 
perianthia lineari-oblonga, ore solumdenticulata setulosave, setulis 1 vel 
2 cellulas parvas constantibus. 


Subgenus VI. CEPHALOZIELLA, Spruce, in op. cit. 


Plante pusille minutve, seepe supra muscos, vel alias hepaticas 
reptantes. Caulis pro plantula seepissime validus, cellulis corticalibus 
internis homomorphis, basi in plerisque subrhizomatosus, flagellis autem 
orbatus; rami foliost in omnibus fere postici, in perpaucis ex parte—in 
paucissimis normaliter—laterales. Folia inferiora succuba, superiora 
magis conferta et transversa, caulis latitudinem raro excedentia, perseepe 
cuneata, ad vel ultra 4 bifida, carinata, segmentis vel subcomplicatis vel 
divergentibus, integerrima subdenticulatave, raro spinulosa; cellule 
parve vel minute (diam. 4;—75™™) subquadrate. oliola (ubi adsunt) 
parva, integra bifidave, seepe in una et eadem specie nunc preesentia nunc 
obsoleta. lores 2 perseepe in ipso caule terminales, in aliis sp. cladogeni 
vel situ variabili. Bractew sat magne, tristiche, bilobze, lobis in plerisque 
denticulatis spinulosisve, laterales perseepe cum postica in cyathum alte 
connate. Perianthia plerumque angusta, acute prismatica, carinis raro 
solum 3, sepius 3, 4, vel 5 (raro etiam 6) in eadem specie, ore denticulato 
raro mutico. Capsula oblongo-globosa. Andrecia ipsius caulis, ramive 
majoris, partem sistentia, medialia apicaliave, bracteis foliis consecutivis 
haud minoribus, rarissime ad ramulum tenuem amentiformen redacta. 


12. CEPHALOZIA PYGMA, Spruce. 
Hab. Andes Peruvianos in M. Campana, ad terram umbrosam, alt. 1200. 
F -1—125™™ longa, bast 4 cell. lata; ¢ A>y—-dy; br °3; per 8x 2mm, 


Minuta fuscidula prostrata; caules 4™™ longi, vage subramosi, tenues 
opaci flexuosi parum radicellosi, flagellis nullis. 

Folia distantia, a basi plus minus obliqua v. fere transversa, subsquar- 
rose patula, plana, cuneata, profunde bifida, sinu acuto (30°-40°), 
eruribus subulatis subacutis basi 2 cell., apice 1 cell., latis, integer- 
rima; cellulz minute subparallelogramme subchlorophyllose, lepto- 
dermes. 

Foliola nulla, nisi ad involuera. 

Flores monoici: 9 ramulo brevi tristiche folioso constantes, seepe e rami 
6 facie postica orti, haud raro fasciculato-2-3ni; bracteze 3-jugee 
liber v. sepius alte coalitee, intime foliis fere 3plo longiores, ad 
dimidium solum bifid, laciniis acuminatis recurvis, subdenticulate. 

Perianthia alte emersa, magna, lineari-trigona, 4plo longiora quam lata, 
ore subconstricto setoso-denticulatia demum breviter 6-fida. 

Amenta ¢ caulis ramive apicem mediumve tenentia; bracteze foliis con- 
tinue, iisdem similes, paulo breviores latioresque, plurijuge, assur- 
genti-imbricatee suberectze conduplicato-concave, monandre; brac- 
teolis minutis subulatis adjectis, Raro advenit amentum ¢ ad 
ramulum parvum redactum, 

Var. spinuliflora 8. Folia sublatiora, lobo antico basi seepe 4 cellulas, 
postico 3 cell., lato, integerrima vel dente uno alterove obtuso armata. 
Bractee ad 4 usque connate, spinuloso-serrate, viridissimee.—In 
sylva Amazonica, ad fl. Uaupés, in Lejewnea porelloide parasitans. 


400 CEPHALOZIA. [ opONTOSCHISMA. 


Obs. A C. divaricata certe distat minutie, florescentia monoica, foliorum 
segmentis perangustis, etc. 


Subgenus VII. ODONTOSCHISMA, Dumort. (genus). 


Recueil, (1835); Lindberg, Not. F. et F. Fennica (1874) ; 
Spruce, Journ. Bot. (1876) et Tract. de Cephalozia (1882). 


Plante sat robust, virides luridesve, interdum rosez, raro albide, in 
plagas latas unistratas arcte intricatas effusee, vel super muscos palustres 
reptantes iisdemque persepe in cespitem densum implexe. Caules validi 
subteretes, vel prostrati vel per saltus arcuantes et a matrice liberi, ad 
nodos descendentes ope flagellorum radicantes; ramis foliosis posticis, 
cauli conformibus. Cellule in caulis diametro sub 8, corticales 20-22- 
seriate internis conformes et concolores. Folia basi diagonali vel fere 
longitudinali inserta, late ovata vel suborbiculata rotundata, retusa, vel 
rarius emarginata, pro m. concava et integerrima; cellule mediocres— 
minutule, equilatere, cuticula plerumque scaberula. oliola vel nulla 
vel minuta et rara. Flores 2 cladogeni; bractew tristiche, bifide, raro 
3-4-fide. Perianthia magna angusta, ore ciliata denticulatave, interdum 
clausa et rima lateralidehiscentia. Capsula cylindrico-oblonga caeteraque 
omnia Hucephalozie. Andrecia amentis parvis albidis posticis constantia, 
rarissime robustiora et terminalia. 


§ 1. Flores dioict. 


13. C. Sphagni. Dioica, caule elongato subzequifoliato, ope flagellorum 
arcuato-radicante, ramis gemmiparis nullis. F. patula vel secunda, 
ovato-rotunda-oblongave, rotundata retusulave subconcava opacula, 
cellulis mediocribus. F!* nulla vel perrara, minuta ovata integra 
bifidave. 

14. C. denudata. Priori proxima, subminor. Caulis basi subaphyllus, 
rhizomatosus, flagella villosissima demittens, deinde subramosus, 
ramique alii arcuati, utroque fine parvifolii, alii erecti superne sensim 
minutifolii et gemmipari. F. late ovata subpellucida. F'* ubique 
obvia, ad ramos gemmiparos superne increscentia, late ovalia integer- 
rima v. subdenticulata. 


§ 2. Flores monoict. 


15. (. obcordata. Humilis cladocarpa eflagellifera, caule elongato pro- 
strato subramoso. F. parva, fere longitudinalia, subcontigua plani- 
uscula obcordato-rotunda, cellulis minutulis. Andreecia postica 
amentiforma, subramosa, axi primaria sola mascula, aliis ramulis 
femineis, aliis neutris. 


13. CEPHALOZIA SpHAGNI (Dicks.), Spruce. 


Jungermania Sphagni Dicks. Crypt. Brit. (1785); Hook. Brit. Jung. 
t. 33, ex p.—Sphagnoecetis communis v. vegetior Nees in Syn. Hep.— 
Odontoschisma Sphagni (Dicks.) Dum.; Lindberg Not. Soc. F, Fl. Fenn. 
(1874); Spruce, Journ. Bot. (1876). 

Hab. In ericetis turbariis totius Europze Americzeque borealis temperate, 
Sphagnis et precipue Lencobryo glauco irrepens. In sylvis um- 
brosis humilioribus fl. Amazonum, precipue secus ejus tributarios 


ODONTOSCHISMA. | CEPHALOZIA. 401 


boreales, Rio Negro, Trombetas, &c., necnon per totam regionem 
graniticam fluminum Orinoco, Casiquiari, Uaupes, &c., ad arborum 
pedem radicesque exsertas, raro ad truncos putrescentes, seepe aliis 
hepaticis muscisque consociata easdemve infestans. 

egoueeGs, “Ox "7 3 6 ge 3 Or. mnt. “8x 35, 11 x"bs per 23x "7, 2:5 x5, 
2°0x°4; cal 1:0x°5 ; caps. valv 8x ‘25-3; br g 4x -Q™™ 

Prostrata, in plagas latas tenues effusa, vel super muscos palustres reptans, 
viridis, albescens roseave. Caules pollicares longioresque, tota fere 
longitudine zquifoliati, basi ipsa radicellis sepeque flagellis radi- 
cantes, postea sursum arcuantes matriceque liberi, flagello demisso 
(raro 2 v. 3) iterum iterumque radicantes arcuantesque ; e facie postica 
ramos equifoliatos, seepe subdivisos, paucos—parvifolios gemmiparos 
nullos—emittentes ; caeterum plus minus radicelliferi, raro arhizi. 
Flagella sat valida alba flexuosa omnino aphylla, radicellis trichoideis 
sparse densiusve vestita. 

Folia arcte (ad 4) imbricata, plus minus patentia vel seepe assurgenti- 
secunda, basi subobliqua, longitudinali fere, inserta, antice perpaulo 
decurrentia, suboblique ovato-rotunda vel late ovato-oblonga, rotun- 
data raro truncato-retusula, e margine toto incurvulo subconcava, 
cellulis incrassatis marginata, integerrima ; cellulze mediocres rotundo- 
hexagonee v. subquadratee, ad angulos incrassatz, minutissime verru- 
culos, ex endochromio copioso opace, solum ipso centro pellucide, 
foliorum vetustorum evacuate. 

Foliola preminuta, ad squamulam ovatam integram bifidamve redacta, 
hic illic sed preecipue ramorum apicem versus obvia, seepe tamen 
obsoleta nullave. 

Flores dioici, postici. Ramuli ¢ breves tristichophylli; bractez subtri- 
juge, interiores sensim majores, arcte imbricate, apice recurvule 
cuneato-oblongz, fere ad medium acute bifide, laciniis subine- 
qualibus acutis integerrimis, oblongato-pellucido-areolate (aliorum 
florum tamen magis opacze); bracteola intima sepe basin versus 
dente lobulove aucta, czeterum bracteis conformis. 

Perianthia foliis caulinis triplo longiora, albida subroseave, anguste fusi- 
formia subulatave, seepe subfalcata, obtuse trigona triplicataque, ore 
denticulata vel subciliata, vel valvatim vel (rarissime) circumscissim 
rupta. Calyptra perianthio plus duplo brevior, pyriformis, vel latior 
et obovato-globosa, tenuissima, cellulis unistratis valde inzequilateri- 
3-7-gonis pellucidis areolata, apice demum rupta laceraque, basi 
pistillidiis sterilibus ad 20 obsita. 

Capsula calyptra paulo brevior, pedicello elongato suffulta, cylindrico- 
oblonga, ab ipsa basi 4-valvis valvulis inequilatis rufo-badiis validis. 

Amenta mascula e caulis facie postica, basin mediumve versus orta, 
tenuia, albida, pellucida, incurva circinnatave. Bractez 10-12-juge, 
arcte imbricate, apice tamen patule, subsecundz, ovato-oblonge- 
ligulateve, cymbiformi-concavee, ad j acute bifid, segmentis obtusis. 
Antheridia solitaria magna globosa brevipedicellata, demum a basi 
ad apicem usque hine hiantia. Bracteole ubique obvie, bracteis 
duplo breviores lineari-ligulats, apice bispinulosee.—Unicum ex- 
emplum inveni caulis primarii apice in spicam masculam robustam 
viridem commutati ! 

Var. Europea: perianthiis apice valvatim dehiscentibus, valvulis (sub 6) 
plus minus incisis ciliatisque. 

Var. Amazonica : perianthiis apice integerrimo v. parum fimbriato con- 


402 CEPHALOZIA, [ODONTOSCHISMA. 


niventi-clausis, pro capsulz emissione rimainfra-apicalidehiscentibus, 
raro circumscissis v. valvatis. 


14, CEPHALOZIA DENUDATA (Mart.). 


Jungermania scalaris B denudata, Mart. Fl. Crypt. Erlang. (1817) ; 
Pleuroschisma (Odontoschisma) denudatum Dum. Syll. Jung. Eur. (1831) ; 
Jungermania Sphagni Hook, Br. Jung. Suppl. t. 2; Odontoschisma denu- 
datum (Mart.) Lindberg, Not. Soc. F. Fl, Fenn. (1874); Spruce, Journ. 
Bot. (1876). 

Hab, Ad arbores excisas et truncos prostratos putrescentes, rarius in ipsa 
terra turfosa saxisque vel in muscis reptantes, in montibus humi- 
lioribus totius fere Europe et Americze borealis, in Andibus 
rarissime (vide infra). 

F 85x ‘8; ¢ qh; f@ superiora 5 x°4; br'4 int. ‘9°55 per 24x -5™™ 

Ceph. Sphagni primo visu sat similis, paulo humilior, perseepe rubescens, 
colore magis in purpureum vel etiam in violaceum vergente (nec 
rubro-miniato sicut in 0. Sphagni). Caudex breviusculus, prostratus 
aphyllus, totus intricato-ramosus radicellosus, insuperque flagellis 
validis radicellis villosissimis matrici adfixus. Caules vix pollicares 
assurgentes arcuantes, arhizi, rarissime apice flagelliformi radicantes, 
subramosi ; rami seepe fasciculati, alii (normales) caulesque basi plus 
minus aphylli deinde, foliis ad medium usque sensim crescentibus, 
apicem versus simili modo decrescentibus, vestiti, ex quo rami (semper 
oligophylli) ambitu lineari-lanceolati evadunt ; alii rami erecti superne 
sensim parvifolii apice gemmipari. 

Folia eadem fere forma ac O. Sphagni, oblique late ovata vel ovato-rotunda, 
raro retusa subemarginatave, antice obscure decurrentia, subconcava, 
assurgentia—non tamen secunda ad O. Sphagni instar—pellucidiora ; 
cellule fere eadem magnitudine magis tamen incrassatee, cavitate 
minore ambitu distincte 6-sinuata, endochromio parciore, externe 
parum verruculose. Folia surculorum gemmiparorum suberecta 
subrotunda, apice varia, rotundata, subacuta, erosave. 

Foliola ubique fere obvia, ad caules minuta ovata squameformia, ad 
surculos gemmiparos insigniter aucta, superiora foliis adjectis 
wquimagna—siepe foliis caulinis mediis vix duplo minora—ovali- 
rotunda, subintegerrima. 

Flores dioici, iis O. Sphagni parum diversi, bractez fl. 9 intimee foliis 
mediis sequilonge, apice recurvo-squarrosie, bifidse, integerrimee v. 
denticulatie. 

Perianthia foliis 3-plo longiora, anguste fusiformia, trigona, pallida seepe 
infra medium purpureo-zonata, apice conniventi-clauso breviter 
fimbriata, demum irregulariter rupta, cellulis elongatis pachy- 
dermibus leevissimis conflata. Calyptra plus duplo brevior, pyri- 
formis, tenuis, demum bilabiatim rupta, basi et perpaulo altius 
pistillidiis sterilibus cireumdata. Capsula..... 

Amenta ¢ in planta propria, e caulis facie postica orta, albida tenera 
julacea, subrecta decurvave, nunquam circinnata ; bracteee pauci-vel 
seepe multi-(ad 20-) jug, iis O. Sphagni sat similes. 

Var. andina. Pulchre roseo-purpurea, sterilis. Cum planta Pyrenaica 
bene convenit, solum differt foliolis seepe apice erosulis v. etiam 
bifidulis biciliatisve. Ad surculos gemmiparos assurgentes folia 


ODONTOSCHISMA. | CEPHALOZIA. 403 


superiora sensim minora, foliolis subrotundis vix majora, lis plantee 
nostratis accurate convenientia. 

Hab. M. Campana Andinum Peruvianorum, ad terram humidam sub 
Ericearum umbra, sociis Jungermania heteracria, Spruce, et Sphagno 
Peruviano, Mitt—In Andibus nusquam alibi—in planitie Amazonica 
nullibi—inveni. 


15. CEPHALOZIA OBCORDATA, Spruce, op. cit. (1882). 


Hab. in arborum imis truncis fl. Casiquiari inundatis. 

F 35 x °4, -35x°3, 3 x 33 ¢ gh-aby 5 Or Y 385-4; br S 2; br. steriles 
354mm, 

Pusilla pallide viridis, strato tenui late effusa. Caules }-1-pollicares, 
prostrati virides opaci validiusculi subteretes, minute radicellosi, e 
facie postica parum ramosi, ramique seepe apice attenuato subaphyllo 
radicantes, flagellis propriis autem nullis. Cellule in caulis dia- 
metro sectione 7 vel 8; externze (corticales) pluri-(ad 22-) seriate, 
opacee incrassate ; interiores externis equimagnee vel etiam latiores, 

__ leptodermes pellucidee. 

Folia contigua vel subdissita, patulo-recurvula rarius subassurgentia, 
suboblique obcordato-rotunda obovatave, ad insertionem obliquam 
vel fere longitudinalem paulo angustiora ; cellule minutule, quad- 
rato-rectangularive-hexagonz, subopacie, centro pellucide, endo- 
chromio parco, extus parum prominule verruculoseque. Foliola 
nulla. 

Flores monoici: ¢ vel ramulo brevi proprio, e caulis facie postica 
exeunte constantes, vel ad spicam ¢ axillares: nempe ramulum e 
bracteze ¢ axilla ortum sistentes. Bractee 92 vix plures quam 
bijuge, foliis caulinis subequilongee, recurvo-patule ovales breviter 
bifidee—subinde trifide vel bis bifidae—lobis acutis, hine vel utrinque 
cum bracteola lanceolata ligulatave basi connate. 

Andreecia amentis posticis, seepe incurvis, semper fere ramosis, constantia. 
Bractez primariz sub 12-jugze, foliis duplo fere minores, orbiculate 
concave raro retusze, Julaceo-imbricate ; bracteolee nulle ; antheridia 
solitaria. Rami sunt alii fceminei ; alii neutri quorum folia (s. 
bractez steriles) erecto-reflexa canaliculato-equitantia, elongata, 
oblonga, apice obcordata bifidulave. ; 

Stirps singularis, facie formam Odontoschismatis Sphagni parvulam 
mentiens, flagellorum defectu distincta. Florescentia quasi-gynandra 
etiam in Cephalozia bicuspidata interdum invenitur. 


XVII. ADELANTHUS, Mitt. 


Journ. Linn. Soe. (1864) ; Spruce, Journ. Bot. (1876). 

Plante cxspitose, pallidz vel lurido-virides. Caules validi, e 
caudice repente ramoso radicelloso suberecti, apice sepius decurvi, 
simplices vel parum ramosi, prope basin autem flagella postica 
minutifolia radicellifera demittentes. Folia succuba—preter ad 
basin anticam decurrentem fere transversim inserta—sat magna, 
alterna (in unica specie opposita?) oblique rotunda ovatave, decurvo- 


404 ADELANTHUS. 


secunda, margine antico incurvo subintegerrimo, postico subplano 
sepissime spinuloso-dentato ; cellule majuscule—minutule, guttu- 
late, pachydermes, trigonis angularibus conspicuis, inferiores 
median ceteris 2-5plo longiores, discolores, in vittam dispositz, 
marginales minute opacule. ol/ola nulla vel perrara et minuta. 
Flores dioici, utriusque sexus cladogeni, postici. Bractee 2 tris- 
tichee, intima foliis subminores, apice bifide vel varie incise. 
Pistillidia 12-15. Pertanthia pyriformia fusiformiave, turgida, 
3-5-angula, ore denticulato. Calyptra paulo minor, carnosa, infra 
medium 3—6-strata, ibidemque pistillidiis sterilibus obsita. Capsula 
ovalis, 4-valvis, bistrata, czeteraque eadem fere ac in Cephalozia. 
Andrecia amentiformia; antheridia solitaria, rarissime bina. 

Hab. ad rupes umbrosas et arborum truncos vetustos prostratosve. 

Distr. Pauce species adhuc cognite in montibus tropicis, necnon 
in terris subantarcticis vigent ; unica Britannica, A. decipiens (Hook.) 
etiam in Antillis et in Andibus Quitensibus inventa est. 


Plagiochila Dum., habitu et foliis decurvis spinosis simillima, revera 
distinctissima foliis basi antica constanter recurvis (nec incurvis) ; 
perianthiis alatere compressis, macrostomis, bilabiatis ; pistillidiisabortivis 
a calyptra liberis, &e.—Cephalozia subg. Odontoschisma, magis aftinis, 
distat foliis assurgentibus (nec decurvis) pro more integerrimis; perianthiis 
constanter angustis et trigono-prismaticis ; calyptra parva, tenui, solum 
in ipsa basi pistillidiifera, &c. 


§ 1. Folia integerrima. 


1. A. Crossit. F. subrotunda, evittata, antice longe decurrentia. Br. 
apice integre vel 2-3-lobe et subciliate, cum bracteola ovata bifida 
ciliata connate. 


§ 2. Folia apice margineque postico spinulosa. 


bo 


A. decipiens. uride viridis. F. oblique orbiculata, antice longe 
decurrentia, basi obscure vittata, margine spinis paucis (1-3) armata. 
sr. foliis subminores, bifidee subintegerrime. Per. pyriformia 
turgida superne obtuse 3-5-gona. Cal. 3-strata. 

3. A. decurvus. Albicans. F. oblique ovato-rotunda brevissime decur- 

rentia, apice et margine postico argute spinuloso-dentata (dentibus 

15-20). Br. foliis zquales, apice varie lobatz et ciliate. Per ovato- 

fusiformia, obtuse 3-5-carinata. Cal. 4-strata. 


1, ADELANTHUS CrossII, Spruce. 


Hab. In Andibus prope Popayan, in rivuli arena, cum muscis, legit cl. 
tob. Cross, a. 1877. 

F 2:0 x 15,¢ gy-dg; br 1:0 x -9™™ (et latiores). 

Caudex repens brevis radicellifer subaphyllus, caules (plerumque soli- 
tarios) suberectos pollicares apice subuncinatos proferens. Stolones 


ADELANTHUS. 405 


e caudice et juxta caulis basin proferuntur, alii assurgentes foliosi 
alii decurvi microphylli radicantes. 

Folia pauca inferiora minuta distantia rudimentaria, cetera majora, 
subequimagna, laxe imbricata—stolonum dissita—decurvo-subse- 
cunda accumbentia, interdum apice reflexa, subrotunda vel oblongo- 
rotunda, apice rotundato vel rotundato-truncata, subconcava, basi 
antica longe decurrentia, margine incurvo, postica late abrupte 
rotundata vel subsemicordata, margine repanda; cellule: mediocres 
subeequilatero-hexagonze conformes, (marginales autem quadratée) 
chlorophyllose, pariete ad angulos incrassato. 

Flores dioici: ? caulis basin versus laterales, solitarii vel fasciculati. 
Bractee tristichee, 3-4-juge, in gemmam ovoideam imbricatie, 
extime minute, intime foliis duplo breviores, laterales saepe latiores 
quam long, altera (saltem) 2-3-loba, apice imeequaliter ciliato- 
fimbriatz, inter se et cum bracteola intermedia ovata bifida ciliata 
basi plus minus alte connatze; omnes bractez albidee tener laxe 
subrectangulari-areolate pellucidee. Pistillidia ad 25, robusta ovato- 
subulata truncata. 

Perianthia etc. haud visa. 

A. magellanicus Lindenb.!, ad fretum Magellanicum ab Hook. fil. 
lectus, diversus est foliis triplo brevioribus, oblatis (6 x °75™™), parum 
decurrentibus, media basi cellulis longioribus vittatis. 


2. ADELANTHUS DECIPIENS (Hook.), Mitt. 


Spruce in Journ. Bot. 1876. 

Jungermania decipiens, Hook. in Engl. Bot., t. 2567 (1813); ejusd. 
Brit. Jung., t. 50; Plagiochila decipiens, Dumort. Rec., 1, 15 (1885); 
G.L.N., Syn. Hep., 24; Adelanthus decipiens, Mitt. l.c. ; Odontoschisma 
decipiens, Lindberg Mst. in Hartm. Skand. FI. 11, 144 (1871); ejusd. in 
Not. Soc. F. Fl. Fenn., 362, (1874); G. et Rabenh. Hep. Eur. n. 474 
1871). 

Grabs = andina) in sylva Canelos et monte Tunguragua Andium 
Quitensium, alt. 1200-2400 m., ad rupes et truncos prostratos in 
umbrosis (R.S., a. 1857). 


Folia 2°5 longa (ab ipsa insertione antica), 2:0 a basi postica x 2:1 lata ; 
cell Jyh ; br. int. 15; per 3-4x15; br ¢ 5 x'4( x “75 explanate) ; 
G2 Zo 125, 13 x -13™™, 

Ceespites densi, luride virides, siccando fuscescentes, in vivo graveolentes. 
Caudices prostrati, intricato-ramosi, subtus radicellis villosi, fragiles, 
caules erectos ascendentesve fastigiatos edentes. Caules 1—1}-polli- 
cares nigrescentes validi, simplices rarius furcati subramosive, e facie 
postica stolones paucos flagelliformes plus minus minutifolios pler- 
umque radicelliferos proferentes, apice decurvuli. 

Folia inferiora minora subimbricata appressa, superiora majora magis 
conferta, decurvo-secunda—raro distiche patula—oblique inserta, basi 
antica longe sensimque decurrentia, dein oblique orbiculata, apice 
rotundata retusave, margine antico incurva, postico subplana v. 
leviter concava et vel integerrima vel medio distanter 1-2—3-spinulosa, 
spinulis postice directis, cellulis intensius coloratis marginata, media 
basi indistincte vittata. Cellule subconformes, majuscule, hexagone, 
intus subrotundz ellipsoidezeve, subpellucidee fere vacue, limitibus 
validis trigonisque maximis flavidis, marginales subquadrate valde 

TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 3A 


406 ADELANTHUS. 


pachydermes, omnes sublevissime. Foliola caulina nulla v. rudi- 
mentaria. 

Flores dioici: 2 ramulo brevissimo postico e caulis basi—raro e medio 
caule inter folia—oriundo constantes. Bractee sub 9, trijuge, tris- 
tichze, extime minim squameformes, intimee foliis paulo breviores, 
subrotunde, apice plus minus profunde bifide lacintis patulis, liberee 
vel basi subconnate, subintegerrime. Ramulus 2 apice pro pedi- 
celli receptione profunde excavatus, cavitate pyriformi. 

Perianthia foliis caulinis dimidio longiora, ex involucro alte emersa, 
anguste obovato-pyriformia turgida, superne obtuse 3-(raro 4-5-) 
gona, ore primum conniventi-clausa demum subtrifida, subdenticu- 

lata ciliolatave. Calyptra perianthio paulo minor, pyriformis, sub- 
stantia firma cellularum stratis 3 conflata apice demum irregulariter 
trifida, inferne pistillidiis sterilibus sparse obsita. In unica calyptra 
numeravi 12 pistillidia abortiva, eidem prope basin prcipue adnata, 
quorum tamen duo ad dimidiam, unum ad #4 calyptre altitudinem 
posita fuerunt. Capsulas, in meis exemplaribus jam decisas, nondum 
vidi. 

Amenta @ ramulos tenues albidos julaceos circinatos sistentia, caulis 
facie postica per totam longitudinem, sed preecipue basin versus, hic 
illic insidentia. Bracteze 12-jugze, v. pauciores, arcte imbricate, 
forma singulari subeymbiformes, vel potius cucullum reversum 
fingentes, valde concave et subsaccatee vix tamen complicate, parum 
ine quilatere, apice rotundato sxepius integre raro bidentule, pellu- 
cidissime areolate, antheridium solitarium magnum brevi-pedicella- 
tum foventes. Bracteolee ubique obvi bractearum dimidio numero, 
iisdem 2-4-plo breviores, subrotundze oblongeve, integerrime v. 
angulate, haud raro folio proximo superiore basi connate. 

Flagella, saltem in dimidio inferiore, folia rndimentaria minutissima 
tristicha distantia subquadrato-rotunda pellucida gerunt ; e cujusque 
folii basi externa profertur fasciculus parvus radicellarum tenuium 
fragilium ; folia versus flagelli apicem obsoleta nullave, radicellz 
copiosiores, evadunt. 

Caules validi: cellule 10-12 in diametro, corticales 30-36-seriate luridz 
opace ; interne vix angustiores subpellucide, in caule vetusto ssepe 
deficientes, cortice solo persistente ! 

Adelanthus decipens, Hook. (typicus), meipso ad Kenmare Sound Hibernie, 
lectus, humilior est quam Andinus. olia minora, seepius distiche 
patula, aliarum stirpium tamen decurvo-secunda ; alia ambitu sub- 
rhombea, acuta vel etiam acuminata apiculataque ; alia spinoso-bi- 
tri-lobulata ; omnia valde distincte marginata. Cellule subbasales 
ceteris paulo majores (neque tamen elongate—tales ac in ceteris 
Adelanthis vidende, unde folia vittata fiunt)—In stirpe Andina, 
nunquam folia vidi nec acuminata nec profunde incisa lobulatave.— 
In Cubensi, ill. Gottsche delineata (in Rabenh. Hep. Eur., n. 474), 
perianthia matura spatheformia, hine pro capsule emissione 
hiantia. 


3. ADELANTHUS DECURVUS, Mitt. Mst. 


Spruce in Journ. Bot. 1876. 

Hab. in montibus Guayrapurina et Campana Andium Peruvianorum, 
alt. 800-1000 in., ad arbores vetustas, legit R.S. pl. ¢,a. 1855; insula 
Antillarum Dominica legit Guinprine, pl. ¢ et 2 (hb. Wilson et 
Carrington). 


ADELANTHUS. 407 


Folia 1-2x 85, 1:0 x “75, 8x65; ¢ g5-,1,; bractee 9 1:0 longe; per 
29 x 11,13 x 0°9; br g °4 longa; br’*. 25 x +125; anth -125™™, 

Cwespites lati, ex albido flavicantes. Caudices prostrati, nigrescentes, 
tenues fragiles intricato-ramosi subaphylli, subtus radicelloso-tomen- 
telli, caules ascendentes et flagella demissa proferentes. Caules 
1-1}-pollicares, subrufi, simplices parcissimeve ramosi, ramique 
decurvi, siccando fere circinati, tenues vero validiusculi, basin versus 
—aliquando etiam apice attenuato—microphylli, ipsa basi subra- 
dicellosi, caeterum arhizi. 

Folia dissitiuscula, accumbentia, fere, transverse inserta, basi antica 
brevissime decurrentia, madefacta lateraliter patentia plane succuba, 
siccando decurvo-secunda appressaque unde incuba viderentur, 
oblique ovato-rotunda (ramea subobovata), margine antico rectiusculo 
toto fere anguste incurva integerrimaque vel apicem versus 1-2- 
dentata, postico rotundato spinuloso-serrata-dentatave, dentibus 
15-20 subinzequalibus divergentibus ; nonnulla apice subbifida. Cel- 
lule parvule subeequilaterze pellucidee, limitibus pallide flavidis 
validiusculis, ad angulos parum incrassatis, endochromio pallido, v. 
sparso v. in annulum congesto; marginales (anticze precipue) 
crassiores, transverse rectangulares; subbasales plurime medi 
exteris duplo majores, subelongatee, discolores, vittam fingentes. 

Flores dioici: utriusque sexus e caudice, vel caulium basi nuda, orti, 
postici. Bractee 2 sub 3-jugse, tristichee; intimee (laterales) f. 
eaulinis subsequimagnze, suborbiculatee, latiores quam longe, apice 
varie lobate, lobis imciso-spinosis ciliatisve; bracteola tamen seepe 
multo longior, anguste oblonga, superne parce spinuloso-denticulata 
apice ciliata. 

Perianthia alte emersa ovato-fusiformia (subinde breviora et subrotunda) 
turgida, obtuse 3-5-carinata, ore constricto ciliata. Calyptra 
(juvenilis, et cum capsula adhuc conereta) incrassata, e cellularum 
stratis 4 conflata, pistillidiis sterilibus obsita. 

Amenta ¢ tenuia albida incurva; bractez 3-8-juge, julaceo-imbricate 
tenerrimz suborbiculatee (multo latiores quam long) cochleato- 
concave, apice rotundato spinuloso-denticulate v. subintegerrime, 
margine antico toto in lobulum apice spinosum late incurvee involu- 
teve, singule antheridium solitarium magnum globosum, vel duo 
parvula, foventes. Bracteolee ubique adjectee, bracteis vix duplo 
breviores, cuneato-ligulate, apice breviter bifidee, segmentis apicu- 
lato-acutis, subdenticulate. 


XVIII. ANOMOCLADA Spruce, Journ. Bot. (May, 1876). 


Plante lignicole, dense depresso-ceespitose, serpentino-reptantes, 
ramos foliosos floresque utriusque sexus e caulis facie antica media, 
radicelliferos (flagella) e postica, proferentes. Folia magna, succuba, 
basi obliqua inserta, assurgentia, apice decurva, subtus crispula, 
integra, celluloso-erosula; cel/ulcee mediocres pellucide incrassate. 
Foliola ubique presentia parvula in mucum plus minus dissoluta. 
Flores dioici: @ ramulo brevi proprio antico constantes; bractece 
tristiche, trijuge, bifide, tres intime basi perianthio leviter adnata, 
duz antic basi connate. Pistillidia circiter 20. Perianthia 


408 ANOMOCLADA. 


magna anguste fusiformia trigona, ore subincisa. Calyptra parva 
tenuis. Capsu/a magna, valida, ab ipsa basi 4-valvis. Elateres 
elongati subattenuati bispiri decidui. Spore minutissime. Flores 
masculi amentulis anticis sistentes ; antheridia solitaria. 


ANOMOCLADA MUCOSA, Spruce, l.c. p. 134, tab. 178. 


Hab. in sylvis fluviorum Negro, Uaupés, Casiquiari et Atabupo primeevis, 
ad truncos prostratos putrescentes, sepe aliis hepaticis muscisque 
irrepens. 

Folia 1°5 x 1:3, 2°70 x 1:5; cellule 3; f* :25 longa; br* mt 11x04, 
16x05; per 40x0°5; cal 1:1x0°6; styl 2; caps 11x05; ped. 
sectio 35x 3; elat 4; spore ,45™™. 

Czespites lati depressi, albido-virides vel flavescentes, semper liquore 
mucoso suffusi. Caules 1-3-pollicares albidi tenaces, cellulis pluri- 
stratis opacis, corticalibus ceteris vix paulo latioribus, conflati; basi 
brevi spatio radicellis flagellisque rhizophoris repentes, foliis marcidis 
vestiti vel subnudi; dein a matrice liberi, arcuantes, densifolii, 
subtus radicelliferi nudive, statim devexi facieque postica flagella 
solitaria fasciculatave, valida, albida, subramosa, radicellis tenuis- 
simis flexuosis villosa, demittentes; postea iterum assurgentes 
arcuantes radicantesque, apice plerumque liberi foliosi, raro attenuati 
subaphylli radicelliferi ; facie antica ramos paucos assurgenti-arcu- 
antes simplices vel ad caulis instar ramosos ftagelliferosque pro- 
ferentes. Flagella nodulis minutis conicis tristichis distantibus 
(foliis rudimentariis) basi externa radicelliferis obsita ; noduli flagel- 
lorum apicem versus obsoletis, radicellze copiosiores evadunt. 

Folia valida nitida succuba, alterna vel per paria subapproximata, plus 
minus assurgentia, interdum secunda, undulato-convexa, apice 
decurvula, ad lineam obliquam angulum 30° cum caule efformantem 
lata basi inserta, late oblique ovato-ligulata, rotundato-truncata, seepe 
retusa, raro subemarginata, medio margine utrinque recurva 
exindeque panduriformia, basi postica semicordata ibidemque szpe 
tam gibba et crispato-sinuata ut caulis a postero visus cristatus 
videretur (ad Plagiochile cristate instar); cellule mediocres sub- 
conformes pellucidee, pulchre guttulatee, ovali-hexagonz, pachydermes, 
ad angulos insigniter incrassate, Intus 6-sinuate, endochromio parco 
in sicco sepius in cellule ambituse coacervato, extus perpaulo 
prominule, leevissimee. 

Foliola dissita foliis 6-8plo breviora, patentia, Jata basi utrinque 
decurrente inserta, late ovata, im acumen subulamve brevem 
producta ; inferiora plerumque tota fere in mucum soluta, itaque ad 
limbum angustum semilunatum redacta; superiora vix unquam 
perfecta, sed e margine apiceque plus minus dissolutis nune irregu- 
Jariter bifida, nunc quadrifida v. digitatim mrultifida, seepius tamen 
eroso-lacera videnda. Radicellae apice clavato-nodosie, rarius sub- 
divisee, e foliolorum basi raro proferuntur. 

Flores dioici: 9 ramulo brevissimo caulis facie antica medium versus 
oriundo constantes. Bractee trjuge, tristichee, infimee minutee sub- 
bifida ; supremze foliis subsequilongee, perianthii basi leviter adnate, 
a basi oblonga vaginante recurvo-squarrosie, ad medium. bifide, 
Jaciniis subacuminatis varie tortis angulatis subincisisve, duc 
anteriores plus minus alte connate, tertia postica (bracteolave) paulo 


ANOMOCLADA. 409 


angustior libera; bracteze mediz supremis sat minores minusque 
incisz ; omnes bractez pellucide elongate areolatze. 

Perianthia foliis fere 2-plo longiora, albida, pellucida, anguste trigono- 
fusiformia 8-plo longiora quam lata, superne obtuse triplicata, ore 
constricto breviter obsoleteve i incisa, leevissima, demum infra medium 
compresso-teretia, cellulis subrectangularibus conflata. Calyptra 
perianthio fere 4-plo brevior, pyriformis, tenuis (e cellularum strato 
unico) basi ipsa pistillidiis sterilibus sub 20 cireumdata, apice demum 
irregulariter bilabiatim rupta, labio altero stylo persistente rostellato. 
Capsula magna calyptre zquilonga, nigra, cylindrico-oblonga, stratis 
cellularum duobus constans, demum ab i ipsa basi 4-valvis, ‘pedicello 
valido suffulta. Elateres badii, elongati, tenues, utrinque perpaulo 
attenuati, spira duplice preediti, decidui, Spore minutissimee leves 
nucleate. 

Plante ¢ cum @ mixtre, tenuiores, pauciramese. Amenta antica, folio 
proximo breviora, tenuia, incurva albida. Bractez 8-juge, vel 
pauciores, foliis 4-plo breviores, tenerrime, suborbiculate, concave, 
lateribus incurvis, apice bilobe, interdum 4-lobe. Antheridia 
magna, solitaria, brevistipitata. Bracteolee ovate apice bidentate, 
supreme subrotundz bracteis vix minores. 


XIX. KANTIA Gray. 


Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. (1821). Calypogeia § B Amphigastriate 
Raddi (1820); Calypogeta Nees, Hep. Eur.; G. L. et N. Syn. 
Hep. 

Plante majuscule, depresso-ceespitose, pallide virides, olivacezve, 
raro badiz, in sicco sepe fuscescentes, prostrate vel apicibus (sepe 
gemmiparis) assurgentes. Caulis sat validus, in planum simplex, 
raro furcatus, postice ramosus et radicellis prelongis, apice clavatis 
vel ramulosis, villosus. Folia majuscula imbricata incuba, alterna 
plana vel convexula, oblonga—interdum duplo longiora quam lata— 
seepe subrhomboidea, integerrima, apice rotundata retusave, rarius 
acuta, bidentata vel biloba; ced/ule laxze, majuscule—rarius magne 
vel mediocres—equilateree vel oblongo-hexagonz. oliola ubique 
presentia, foliis subduplo minora, subrotunda, raro reniformia, apice 
integra, retusa bifidave, margine integerrima, rarius denticulata 
spinulosave, vel utrinque unidentata-lobulatave ; plerumque pellu- 
cida, seepe tenerrima et quasi vitrea Flores hypogeni, in foliolorum 
axilla nidulantes, 1—3-ni, dioici vel monoici (interdum paroici), flore 
medio (in monoicis) perseepe ¢, flore utriusque lateris ¢. Bracteve 
2 2-3-juge, tristichze, foliis multo minores, subrotunde, ovales, 
lanceolateve, integre vel 2—4-fidee, subconnatee, demum in marsupii 
ore cum pistillidiis sterilibus persistentes. Pistillidia sub 12. Mar- 
suptum (in perianthii vicem) pendulum, subterraneum, clavatum_vel 
subcylindricum, carnosum, pluristratum, radicellis hirtum, ore brac- 


410 KANTIA. 


teis persistentibus squamosum, intus papillosum. Calyptru paulo 
brevior, marsupio ad apicem usque fere adnata. Cupsula in pedicello 
valido (eodem diametro ac capsule) alte exserta, cylindracea, 3—4- 
plo longior quam lata, bistrata, cellulis strati interioris fibris semi 
annularibus fulcitis, ad basin usque 4-valvis ; valvulz lineares, striis 
3 vel 4 intensius coloratis percurse, in spiram unicam completam 
contortz, demum (sporis decisis) subexplanate. Elateres filiformes 
breviusculi subobtusi dispiri. Spore minute, eodem diametro ac 
elaterum, scaberulee.—Pistillidia sterilia calyptre apice insidentia. 
Hub. In terra umbrosa humida, etiam ad truncos putrescentes, et in 
muscis repentes, rarlus in rupibus. 
Distr. Tn tota hemisphera boreali proveniunt, majore copia autem 
sub zquatore in sylva calida Amazonica et in Andium radicibus 
orientalibus, ubi ipse 10 species, plerasque novas reperi. 


§ 1. Foliola apice rotundata obcordatave, vel ad summum levissime 
emarginata, apicibus rotundatis. 

1. K. cyclostipa S. Dioica prostrata, raro flagellifera. Folia rhombeo- 
oblonga truncato-rotundata-retusave, basi subsemicordata. Foliola 
=} folii, suborbiculata interdum obcordata. 

K. cespitosa 8. Dioica cxespitoso-erecta, sat ramosa, eflagellifera. Folia 
majuscula rhomboidea rotundata subretusave, cellulis transversis 
angustis insigniter marginata. Foliola ovato-orbiculata integra vel 
breviuscule emarginata. 

3. K. nephrostipa 8. Dioica prostrata eflagellifera. Folia oblongo-ligulata 

retuso-truncata. Foliola tplo breviora reniformia, apice subemar- 
ginata. 


bo 


§ 2. Foliola distinete bifida : 
a, rima apicali ad 1-1, in paucis ad foliolt 4 usque. 


4. K. parallelogramma S. Dioica elongata luride rufa dense intexta sub- 
flagellifera. Folia oblique ligulata, fere parallelogramma, truncata 
sepe retusa, cellulis mediocribus equilateris, trigonis ad angulos 
auctis, cuticula insigniter tuberculosa. Foliola plus duplo minora 
tenuissima, late ovata breviter bifida, segmentis cuspidatis subspinu- 
losis. 

K. mastigophora S. Dioica pallide viridis sat ramosa et flagellifera. 
Folia faleato-oblonga subtruncata, basi antica subsemicordata ; cellule 
mediocres suboblonge, marginales minores caduce. Foliola 5plo 
minora, tenuia, reniformi-rotunda, interdum subdenticulata, breviter 
bifida, segmentis subacutis obtusisve. 

3. K. rhombifolia S. Dioica pallide viridis flaccida laxe stratificata. Folia 
late rhomboidea plus minus acuta, rarissime bidentella, erosula, 
cellulis majusculis plerisque oblongis. Foliola 4plo minora cuneato- 
quadrata, ad 4 bifida, segmentis obtusatis. 

7. K. biapiculata S. Dioica olivaceo-viridis tenuis. Folia oblique ovata 
subdecurrentia repanda, apice angusto emarginato-biapiculata, cellulis 
majusculis zequilateris marginalibus minoribus. Foliola 3plo minora, 


or 


fap) 


KANTIA. rOBl 


late orbiculata, ad 4 bifida, segmentis bifidulis, margine utrinque 
1-2-denticulata. 


b. rima apicali ad 3-2 vel ad folioli basin usque fere protracta. 


8. K. leptoloma S. Paroica pallide viridis tenuis. Folia parvula rhombeo- 
oblonga subdecurrentia, celluloso-dentata, apice angusto biapiculata ; 
cellulis majusculis, marginalibus linearibus (caulis axi subparallelis) 
faleatis. Foliola 4plo breviora, profunde bifida, lobis bifidulis raro 
integris. Marsupia foliis subeequilonga villosa, pariete 6—8-strato. 

9. K. amazonicaS. Autoica albido-viridis sat robusta. Folia magna ovalia, 
subduplo longiora quam lata, emarginato-bidentata, dentibus acutis, 
rarius integra; cellulis magnis oblongo-hexagonis. Foliola foliis 
8plo breviora bifida, lobis divergentibus bifidulis. Marsupia foliis 
sat longiora cylindrico-conica villosula, pariete 2-3-strato. 

10. K. tenax S. Dioica pallide olivacea elata, radicellis validis repens. 
Folia magna ligulato-oblonga rotundata retusave, cellulis magnis 
longe hexagonis. Foliola foliis 5—7plo breviora, oblata, ad basin 
fere usque bipartita, lobis ovatis obtusis rotundatisve, raro acutis. 


1. KANnTIA CYCLOSTIPA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos, alt. 1000", in terra umbrosa humida montis 
Campana. 

F. 8x ‘65, °8x ‘5, ¢ Sah 5 f °4 x 455 br 5x 3mm, 

Rufo-badia prostrata. Caules pollicares parum ramosi equifoliati, ramis 
raro subflagellaribus. 

Folia parum imbricata, subplana, rhomboideo-oblonga, basi antica sub- 
semicordata, apice truncato-rotundata-retusave, raro emarginata ; 
cellule majuscule subplanz eequilatero-hexagonz vel suboblonge, 
marginales minores quadrate, omnes facie crebre tuberculose, ad 
angulos inerassate. 

Foliola contigua } folium equantia, ovato-orbiculata, apice rotundata vel 
subemarginata, plana pellucida, cellulis tenuibus elongatis, margin- 
alibus ad angulos externos prominulis. 

Flores dioici: @ solitarii (imperfecti). Bracteze $ folium excedentes, 
oblong concavee bifidule, aliis subulatis Immixtis. 

Andreecia solitaria, spiculam posticam incurvam sistentia; bracteze 6-jugee, 
latiores quam longze, complicato-coneavie, eroso-subbifide ; bracteolee 
foliolis subconformes angulato-denticulate. 

Var. celluloso-serrata, minor, fulva vel fuscidula, caule parum ramoso, 
radicellis validis folia 2-3-plo excedentibus repente. Folia minora 
(‘5x °35™™) typicis conformia; cellulz minores (5™™), asperule, 
marginales plus minus conico-prominule (unde folia serrulata 
evadunt). Foliola plus duplo minora (.2™™) orbiculata, apice 
brevissime obtuse bidentella vel integra nisi pro cellula hic illic in 
dentem prominula.—Forsan eadem ac Jung. cellulosa Spreng. 


No valid character separates this variety from the type, and some 
approach to the marginal cells projecting as teeth is seen occasionally in 
other species of Kantia. Whether it be the Jung. cellulosa Spreng. Syst. 
Veg. (= Mastigobryum cellulosum Ldng. Syn. Hep. 217, and Spec. Hep. 
t. 3) lam unable to say. It is certainly very like the figure just quoted, 
but in the description the leaves are called “ obovato-trapezoid,” which I 


412 KCANTIA. 


have never seen in the Andine plant. If it should prove to be the same, 
and to be not distinct from K. cyclostipa, then that name must give place 
to the prior K. cellulosa (Spreng.). 


2. KANTIA CHSPITOSA, Spruce. 


Hab. In sylva Canelos Andium Quitensium, alt. 1000™, ad arborum 
radices lignaque. 

FSX 75; f@ 6x6, 65x°7 3 ¢ ayes br 5™™ 

Ceespites lati olivaceo-virides, intus flavescentes ; caules erecti fastigiatim 
ramosi-—interdum ad speciem dichotomi, ramis autem omnibus 
hypogenis, parce radicellosis. 

Folia incuba majuscula, contigua vel subimbricata, plana sat valida, 
rhomboidea—duplo longiora quam lata—apice rotundata subretusave, 
basi postica longiuscule decurrentia, toto ambitu marginata ; cellule 
majuscule oblongo-hexegonze leptodermes chlorophyllose, margin- 
ales uniseriatee multo angustiores transversales subincrassate pel- 
lucidee. 

Foliola foliis plus duplo minora, dissita, ovato-orbiculata integra vel apice 
brevissime angusteque emarginata, cellulis pellucidis vacuis sub- 
rectangularibus, marginem versus flexuosis, areolata. 

Flores dioici: 2 hypogeni; bracte foliolis fere conformes, subminores, 
valde concave, apice integra vel leniter fisse. 


Obs. Grows around the base of trees and extends for a foot or two up 
the trunk in a continuous tufted olive-green mat. This habit gives it an 
aspect distinct from that of every other Kantia, and assimilates it, at first 
sight, to Lejeunea. The East Indian K. alternifolia (Nees) S.—figured 
=F ‘Species Hepaticarum’ t. 2 as a Mastigobrywm—must be a very near 
ally. 


3. KANTIA NEPHROSTIPA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad truncos putridos, etiam ad terram in rivulorum ripis, in sylvis 
fl. Negro Venezuele, locis San Carlos, Javita, &e. 

Pl2%'°7 5 ¢ dys; f@ 3x °453 br 9 5 x.25, 5 x -4mm, 

Prostrata, e pallide viridi badia rufescensve. Caules 1-2-pollicares vage 
subramosi implexi arcte repentes. 

Folia per paria approximata, superiora subopposita, subplana, angulo fere 
recto divergentia, basi ad } lat. imbricata, suboblique oblongo- 
ovatove-ligulata, basi subdecurrentia, apice lato retuso-truncata, 
(angulis rotundatis), margine repanda vel celluloso-crenulata ; 
cellule majuseule oblonge leptodermes, ex endochromio parco 
annulari pellucida, marginales minores. 

Foliola foliis 4-plo breviora, dissita, plana, reniformia, apice acute 
emarginata obcordatave, angulis rotundatis, e basi radicellas plurimas 
longas albidas flexuososas subdivergentes edentia. 

Flores dioici: 9 solitarii binive. Bractee suberecta 3-stiche 3-juge, 
angulatee denticulateve, inequaliter breviterque bifid, anguste, 
forma varie. Marsupia.... 

Amenta ¢ folio proximo sublongiora ineurva; bractes 10-jugee secunde 
ovato-rotundae concave breviter bifida ; bracteola minores sub- 
quadrate emarginatze. 


KANTIA. 413 


4, KANTIA PARALLELOGRAMMA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad fl. Uaupés prope Panuré, in declivibus umbrosis humidis ad 
terram, rupes, truncosque semiputridos, 

PUTX 6; ¢ sho; f* 45x °4, (5 x 85mm, 

In plagas latas prostrata, e rufo olivacea nigrescensve. Caules 3-pollicares 
dense intexti flexuosi parum ramosi, ramis assurgentibus elongatis 
seepe fere arhizis, nonnullis (rarissimis tamen) descendentibus flagelli- 
formibus radicellosis et subaphyllis. 

Folia parum imbricata contiguave, decurvula v. subplana, oblique 
ligulato-oblonga fere parallelogramma, truncato-rotundata retusave, 
plus minus repanda; cellule squilateree mediocres, facie interna 
rotundze annuloque angusto opaco cincte, ad angulos trigonis aucte, 
euticula crebre et regulariter tuberculoso-asperula. 

Foliola plus duplo minora ovato-rotunda v. ovato-oblonga, angulato- 
denticulata, breviter (ad }-4) bifida, segmentis erectis v. sepius 
conniventibus cuspidato-acuminulatis, subspinulosis, tenuissima 
fragilia (vitrea) elongato-cellulosa. 

Fi. dioici: ¢ spicule minut amentiformes e folioli axilla orte: bractez 
minut arcte imbricatz obcordato-orbiculate concave monandre. 
Bracteole adjiciuntur. 


Obs. Cellule caulis 8 in diametro, 20 in ambitu, corticales  scilicet 
rectangulares ‘O6—08™ Jonge, duplo triplove longiores quam late ; 
interiores eodem fere diametro multo longiores, pariete opaculo 
(tuberculoso ?) 


5. KANTIA MASTIGOPHORA, Spruce. 


Hab. in trunco putrescente ad rivulum Cauapuna, juxta San Caros del Rio 
Negro. 

F12x'8; cay; f 25x °4; br 5am, 

Pallide viridis prostrata. Caules 14-pollicares, in genere sat ramosi, 
ramique subequifoliati, radicellis repentes et intricati ; alii rami 
autem (neque pauci) flagellares subaphylli radicantes. 

Folia paulo imbricata subplana, axi angulum 70°—-90° cum caule efficiente, 
patentia, subfalcato-oblonga, rotundata, obtuse truncata, vel retusula, 
repanda et celluloso-crenulata, basi postica decurrentia, antica 
rotundata vel semicordata ; cellule mediocres subpellucidee oblongze 
vel subzquilaterze, pariete ad angulos incrassato, marginales minores 
fragiles seepeque deciduc. 

Foliola 5-plo minora reniformi-rotunda, vix ad 4 usque bifida, segmentis 
subacutis obtusisve, tenuia fragilia repanda, interdum subdenticulata. 

Flores dioici: @ postici, solitarii binative. Bracteze bijuge erecto- 
incurve, foliis,plus duplo breviores, ovales lanceolateve bifida, 
segmentis subacuminatis, grosse subserratz, liberae vel seepius basi 
vario mode connate. Fl. ¢ haud visi. 

K. parallelogramma &., caule flagellifero similis, differt colore lurido; 
ramis assurgentibus ; foliolis multo majoribus angustioribus bicuspi- 
datis subspinulosis. 


= 


6. KANTIA RHOMBIFOLIA, N. sp. 
Hab. In terra umbrosa ad fl. Bombonasa ripas. 


414 KANTIA. 


F 8x °65, c. inf. dy ft 2x 15™™. 

Pallide viridis, dein fuscidula, in plagas latas laxas prostrata; caules 
2-pollicares flaccidi parum ramosi. 

Folia contigua v. parum imbricatula, incuba, subplana, late patentia, late 
rhomboidea, angulo externo (inferiore) rotundata, apice acuta, apicu- 
lata, subobtusave, rarissime bidentella, margine e cellularum suturis 
subprominulis erosula (sed non limbata) ; cellule majusculz lepto- 
dermes subpellucidee, subelongate, paucee subapicales sat minores 
eequilateree. In aliis plantis adveniunt hic illic per caulem folia 
pauca consecutiva ceteris minora, Magis dissita, oblique triangu- 
laria. 

Foliola 4plo minora, caule hand latiora, subquadrata vel cuneato-quad- 
rata, ad medium bifida, segmentis obtusatis subineequilongis. 

Foliis immarginatis szepissime integris, foliolis solum ad medium usque 

bifidis, segmentis integris nec bitidulis, a K. leptoloma satis differt. 


7. KANTIA BIAPICULATA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos in monte Campana, sociis Odontoschismate denu- 
dato, Lophocolea nuricata, &e. 

BME B5 > C sia 5 Die ii) ga 

Prostrata tenuis e viridi olivacea; caules pollicares arcte repentes vage 
ramosi. 

Folia subimbricata decurvo-convexa oblique ovata parum decurrentia 
repanda, apice angusto emarginato-biapiculata, sinu lunulari acutove ; 
cellule majuscule sub:equilateree valde leptodermes pellucide, fere 
vacue, marginales minores. 

Foliola triplo minora dissita, late orbiculata, basi valde radicellifera, ad 
medium bifida, sinu preelato triangulari lunulatove, segmentis sub- 
acutis vel bifidulis, extus grosse 1-2-denticulatis. 

Flores dioici: Q hypogeni, (juveniles, imperfecti). Bracteze suborbicu- 
latee concave apice ineequaliter quadrifide. 

K. amazonica 8. folia habet multo longiora, apicibus solum acutis, 
cellulis oblongis subduplo longioribus quam latis ; foliola multo minora 
profunde bifida, &e.—K. peruviana (Nees) differt caule flagellifero ; foliis 
apice seepe integris ; foliolis parvis profunde bifidis, margine integer- 
rimis.—K. leptoloma 8. florescentia paroica ; foliis subrhombeis, e cellulis 
longis insigniter marginatis ; foliolis minoribus profunde fissis ; distinct- 
issima est.—K. arguta Mout., nostre sat similis, cellulas habet duplo fere 
majores ; foliola bipartita, segmentis in lacinias duas subulato-acuminatas 
fissis. 


8. KANTIA LEPTOLOMA, Spruce. 


Hab. in trunco carioso ad Panuré fluvii Uaupés. 

F °85 x65; ¢ Jy—sy X dy, marginales 45; f'2 x 2; br 35 x3; marsupiwm 
"BH «x (hmm, 

Pallide viridis tenuis prostrata, in matteolas laxas intexta, radicellis raris. 
Canles 1-2-pollicares teneri parum ramosi; rami postici, alii 
normaliter foliosi, alii parvifolii subflagelliformes raro apice 
radicantes. 

Folia incuba subplana, perpaulo imbricata, ad lineam fere longitudinalem, 
angulo postico subdecurrentem, inserta, rhombeo-oblonga-ovaliave, 
apice angustato acute biapiculata, sinu rotundato; apiculis brevi- 


ICANTIA. 415 


subulatis, 2—4-cellulas altis, acutis; toto margine e cellularum angulis 
extimis prominulis ad speciem dentata; cellule majusculze lepto- 
dermes, intus annulo pertenui opaco cincte, superiores azquilatere, 
medize inferioresque submajores oblong, marginales elongate 
lineares faleatee (extus concave) flaventes, folii limbum sistentes. 

Foliola distantia, foliis 4plo breviora, subrotunda, profunde (ad 3-32) 
bifida, segmentis bifidulis bidentulisve, raro integris et acutis. 

Flores paroici, e foliolorum posticorum axillis orti, fasciculati, 1-4ni, 
sepius 3ni. Bractez 3—4-jugze, foliis duplo minores, ovato- 
orbiculate, concave, ad } fere usque 3—-4-fidee, segmentis ineequalibus 
acutis, tenerrime, laxe elongate areolate ; bracteolee breviores sub- 
ulate, interiores sublatiores utrinque unidentate, vel subtrifide, 
raro plurifide. Ad bractearum axillas adstant antheridia solitaria 
majuscula globosa pedicellata; ad torum terminalem pistillidia 
10-12, vel pauciora, antheridio uno alterove subinde adjecto. 

Marsupia foliis equilonga, oblonga vel subpyriformia, extus radicellis 
longis fuscidulis villosa, stratis cellularum 6-8 conflata, ore obliquo 
bracteis congestis stipata: juvenilia solum visa, quibus neque 
ealyptra nec capsula aderat. 


Obs. Cellule folii marginales longitudinales, nec transverse quales in 
C’. laxa G, et L., C. cespitosa Spruce, aliisque speciebus inveniuntur. 


9. KANTIA AMAZONICA, Spruce. 


Hab. in umbrosis ad terram, locis Tauaé prope fl. Amazonum ostia, 
Manédos et S. Gabriel fl. Negro; annis 1849-1852 legi. 

F15x°9, 15x °6, f°2x °35; ¢ 3X ak, 7 x ak; Or '25-5 longe; marsup 
2°4x °55; caps 1°2x°4™™, 

Albido-viridis, tenui strato late effusa. Caules pollicares arcte repentes 
flexuosi vage ramosi. 

Folia subimbricata, angulo lato patula, apice decurvula, suboblique ovalia 
oblongave—subduplo longiora quam lata—apice rarissime integra 
plerumque emarginato-bidentata, sinu brevi acuto obtusove, dentibus 
acutis; cellule magn oblongo-hexagonze leptodermes pellucida, 
endochromio parcissimo. 

Foliola parva, foliis 8plo fere breviora, caule vix latiora, distantia, valde 
oblata, profunde bifida, segmentis divergentibus angustis bifidulis 
subacutis. 

Flores monoici, 1-3ni (laterales masc., medii feeminei). FI. fem. bractez 
foliis 3-6plo minores profunde 2-3-fidee, segmentis inzqualibus 
subulatis incurvo-uncinatis. Pistillidia plura perbrevia. 

Marsupia pendula, foliis dimidio longiora, cylindrico-conoidea, curvula, 
radicellis longis villosula, stratis cellularum 2 v. 3 conflata; ore hine 
eauli processu brevi adfixa, et bracteis et pistillidiis abortivis cireum- 
data. Calyptra (= marsup.) alte exserta cylindrico-oblonga, 4-valvis ; 
valvulz in spiram unicam completam convolute, lineares tristriate, 
demum explanatz substrictee, basi in discum caviusculum, cellulis 
4 magnis rhombeis, paucis minoribus subtrigonis circumdatis, con- 
antem oblique coalitz. 

Amenta mascula fl. fcemineo spe collateralia, albida brevia; bracteze 
3-5-jugee minute profunde bifida, segmentis acuminatis, seepe b si 
hine vel utrinque spina aucte, monandre. Accedunt bracteolee, 


416 KANTIA. 


Var. inequifoliata. Albicans pellucida, caule ineequifoliato, nempe foliis 
altero caulis latere deficientibus vel ad squamulas bidentulas redactis. 
Folia ovato-ligulata exciso-bidentula. Foliola seepe dimidiata, dimidio 
altero (folio rudimentario subjecto) obsoleto, vel ad processulum 
subulatum redacto.—Hab. in terra umbrosa fluvii Uaupés. Folia, 
semper sat longa, inaliis exemplis subobovata, in aliis rectangularia 
fere videntur. In omnibus folia hic illic minora, diversiformia, vel 
altero caulis latere fere deficientia, altera magna, inveniuntur. 
C. Miquelit Mont., e descriptione cl. auctoris huic affinis erit ; 
quandoquidem folia “ rotundato-bidentata,” et foliola solum “bifida” 
(nec bis bifida) dicta sunt, pro diversa specie habituram censeo. 
K. Sprengelii Mart. certe differt foliis tam latis fere quam longis 
(nec subduplo longioribus, ac in nostra), cellulis subduplo brevi- 
oribus ; foliolis multo majoribus ; bracteis 3 ad 4 solum fissis, &e. 


10. KAaNTIA TENAX, Spruce. 

Hab. In truncis prostratis putresc. in sylvis fl. Negro et Uaupeés, locis 
Umirisdl prope Mandos, Panuré, &c. 

F 2:0x1:0,15x°9; ¢ y4—h: f* ‘3™™ longa, lobi -25™™ late. 

Elata pallide olivacea prostrata, matteolas latas tenaces efformans. Caules 
2-4-poll. vage divaricato-ramosi, radicellis validis repentes. 

Folia patula subplana vix decurvula, seepe per paria approximata, perpaulo 
imbricata, ex insertione fere longitudinali oblique ligulato-oblonga 
v. subrhomboidea, apice lato rotundata retusave; cellule magne 
elongato-hexagon leptodermes pellucidee subchlorophylosi. Folia 
superiora sensim multo minora, unde rami sepe lanceolati videntur. 

Foliola dissita foliis 5-7-plo breviora, oblata ad basin fere usque bipartita, 
lobis divergentibus seepe recurvis ovatis ovalibusve acutis v. obtusis. 

Fl. dioici: Q postici seepe fasciculati; bractez foliis plus duplo breviores 
erecto-patule ovato-oblong ; bracteole breviter bifidee. 

K. amazonica subminor est, albicans, tenerior, ramis haud divaricatis; 
foliis minoribus ovalibus emarginato-bidentatis; foliolis subminoribus 
bis bifidis. 


Subtribus V. SCAPANIOIDEZ:. 


Caules e rhizomate repente aphyllo radicelloso orti, arcuati erective, 
pauciramei, ramis omnibus lateralibus, e folii axilla oriundis, nisi 
perraro adveniat innovatio una alterave sub-floralis e caulis facie 
postica orta. Ladicelle caulinz sepe crebre, semper fere colorate, 
rubre purpuresve, raro pallide. Folia alterna transversa, distiche 
explanata vel decurvula, sepe maxima, complicato-biloba, amplexi- 
caulia et ubi confertiora equitantia, utroque angulo basali carinaque 
brevissime decurrentia ; lobi inzequales, anticus (i.e. lobulus) minor, 
rarissime postico subequimagnus ; carina plicave semper fere acuta, 
haud raro alata; margine in omnibus fere pulchre denticulato, 
spinuloso ciliatove, interdum primum pinnatifido dein dentato ; 
facie supera in plerisque nuda, in aliis autem lamellata pilosave ; 
cellule magnitudine varie, cuticula scabra vel levissima. oliola 


~~ 


SCAPANIOIDE. 417 


in plurimis omnino nulla; in aliis Schistocheilis antem adveniunt 
sat magna, biloba, margine vario modo incisa. lores terminales 
dioici, raro paroici. Andrecia spicata; bractee di-polyandre. 
Gynecia sepe innovatione suffulta; bractee foliis subconformes, 
erectiores tamen, magis zquilobz ; in Schistocheila autem 3 vel 4 
pares, cum suis bracteolis, caulis apici turgido et cavo (perianthii 
vicibus fuugente) adnate, summi verticilli interdum in cyathum 
6—9-fidum connate. /istillidia sat numerosa. Perianthium, ubi 
adest, emersum, a fronte compressum, aut subinflatum et 5—pluricar- 
inatum. Calyptra ovalis pyriformisve, aut libera, tenuis basique 
pistillidiis sterilibus cincta; aut (in Schistocheila) adnata, apice 
pistillidia gerens. Capsula in pedicello sat alto, vel breviusculo, 
exserta, oblonga, interdum plus duplo longior quam lata, pluristrata, 
ad basin 4—valvis. /ateres dispiri capsulz parieti interno undique 
affixi. Spore parvule. 


Of this subtribe I gathered only a single species in equatorial America, 
of the same genus (Scapania) which in our northern clime is more abund- 
ant than any other, flourishing in rocky wooded dells and indeed where- 
ever there is the requisite moisture and shade. The species are mostly 
conspicuous from their size, tufted growth, beautifully toothed large 
leaves, and often for their colour, nearly every species having a roseate or 
purple variety ; but none of them equals in size the Scapania I gathered 
in the savage Forest of Canelos, on the eastern slope of the Andes, nor 
does any European species grow normally, as it does, on the trunks of 
living trees, although all luxuriate on fallen and decaying timber. 

Schistocheila Dum. (=Gottschea Nees), the southern analogue of 
Scapania, and still more remarkable for its large and beautiful foliage, is 
entirely absent from equatorial America, although a few species occur in 
the eastern tropics. In 8. America it does not begin to appear until we 
reach Patagonia and the southern parts of Chili, but its great home is 
in Australasia. To the same subtribe belong Schistocalyx Lindberg 
(=Jung. densifolia Hook., J. vertebralis Tayl., &c.) whose fructification is 
unknown to me; and Diplophyllum Dum., of which we have 3 British 
species, D. Dicksoni (Hook.), D. obtusifolium (Hook.) and D. albicans (L.), 
the last-named probably the commonest of all European hepatic, growing 
as it does at all elevations and in almost every possible variety of site.* 


* That D. Dicksoni is a true Diplophyllwm I cannot doubt. It has all the 
characters of the genus, and the pluriplicate perianth, the axillary branches, 
&e., are quite conformable to those of D. albicans. An allied species, D. 
argenteum (Tayl. hb.) from N.W. America, is an equally decided congener. I 
add a brief character. D. argentewm (Tayl.!) Spruce. Folia transversa, 
superiora equitantia, ad } complicato-biloba, lobis lanceolatis acuminatis, 
antico postico subequilongo sepius duplo angustiore, margine grosse serrata, 
basi crenulata. Br. 3-juge, confertissim, intimz suborbiculate ad $ 2-4-lobe, 
lacinulato-spinulose. Per. emersum ovali-fusiforme, ab ipsa basi obtuse 
12-plicatum, ore in cilia numerosissima flexuosa intexta fissum, quasi- 
tomentosum. 

Diplophyllum brings us into immediate contact with Lindberg’s § Sphen- 
olobus of Jungermania (=J. minuta, J. sxxicola, &c.), which, indeed, form 


418 ScAPANIA. 


XX. SCAPANIA, Dum. 
Recueil, (1835) ; Radula § 2 Scapania Dum. Syll. (1831), 


Genus unicum hujus subtribus meipso sub AXquatore lectum a 
ceteris generibus perianthio donatis distat perianthio compresso- 
plano, faciebus normaliter eplicatis, carinis aciebusve lateralibus ad 
anthophyllorum plicam, suturis antici et posticé haud perceptibili- 
bus, vel posticd in carinam humillimam elevaté; nullibi alata, ore 
lato truncato integerrimo, dentato, vel lobulato. Bractee ¢ 3—12- 
andre (usque ad 20-andre, Syn. Hep.)—De habitatione speciei 
Andine solitariz videas infra. 


1. SCAPANIA SPLENDIDA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in montis Abitagua cacumine pluvioso, alt. 
2000", ubi ad palmarum truncos viget. 

F. lob 55 x 3°3, lobul 4:2 x 3°3, 3°0 x 2°5 ; carina *8-1:0; ¢ py—szh 3 per 
8:0 x 3°7 ; cal 3:0 x 2-0; caps 2°75 x 1°25 ; sectio caulis *8 x “5™™, 
Cxespites elati laxiusculi pendul. Caules 3-pollicares, ramos paucos 
axillares cauli subparallelos, edentes, fere arhizi, nigrescentes, validi, 
subcompressi, sectione ovali, strato corticali proprio nullo, cellulis 
exteridribus minoribus coloratis (opacis), interioribus subpellucidis, 

omnibus parvis sectione fere eequilateris. 

Folia maxima albido-viridia basi purpurascentia parum imbricata fere 
horizontaliter patula subplana bipartita ; lobus suboblique ovalis 
rotundatus raro solum obtusatus basi postica crispulus caulem late 
transiens, toto margine minute crebre spinuloso-denticulatus ; lobulus 
subdimidio brevior, fere eequilatus, late rhomboideo-ovalis, obtusus v. 
abrupte acutus, subconcavus, margine spinuloso lobo appressus, basi 
antica dilatata suberispula caulem late transiens. Cellule inferiores 
elongatee, superiores submarginalesque fere sequilateree, parvule 
incrassate, minute 6-sinuate, cavitate ovali plus minus elongata 
subinde angulata, subopacee sublievissimee.—Insertio tam lobi quam 
lobuli est fere tranversalis, ad lineam arcuatam utrinque in caule 
subdecurrentem. Lobia basi ad +—1} altit. connati, sutura convexa 
(arcuata) fere horizontali vix alata. 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales; bracteze (sc. folia suprema) ceteris foliis 
parum diverse, minus patentes, basi perianthium arcte amplectentes, 
lobis paulo inzequilongis altius (fere ad 4) connatis, carina angu- 
lum cum caule acutum formante. Folia bracteis proxima in typum 
normalem sensim transeuntia. 

Perianthia alte emersa, bracteis vix duplo longiora, pallida, basi purpur- 


part of Diplophyllum as originally proposed by Dumortier. In this, as in 
many other cases, it is a merely artificial line which we are obliged to draw 
between two adjacent groups. The relationship of Scapania to Plagiochila 
seems to me by no means so close as it has been represented ; the distinctly 
succubous leaves of the latter, the entire absence of an antical lobule, the 
laterally (not frontally) compressed perianth, and other differences sufficing to 
separate them somewhat widely, notwithstanding the sharply-toothed leaves 
usual to both genera. 


SCAPANIA. 419 


ascentia, compresso-tubzeformia, ore complanato suboblique truncato 
pluri-(sub 15-) lobulata, lobulis ineequaliter spinulosis. Calyptra 
brevis pyriformis, basi pistillidiis pluribus obsita. Capsula badia 
calyptra vix brevior ovali-cylindrica, in pedicello perianthium haud 
duplo superantem suffulta, 4-valvis. 


Subtribus VI. EPIGONIANTHEA. 


Plante mediocres elateve, rarius pusille vel minute. Cavules vel 
e caudice repente microphyllo radicelloso assurgentes erective, spe 
robusti et normaliter arhizi, vel ab initio procumbentes prostrative 
radicellosi et foliosi; ramificatio seepe vaga, haud raro dichotoma, 
rarissime pinnata ; ram in omnibus fere plus minus exacte laterales, 
e foliorum axilla juxta angulum posticum—raro e media axilla— 
orlundi; in perpaucis postici, foliolis axillares. Folia succuba, raro 
(ubi confertiora) subtransversa, nunquam incuba, in plerisque alterna, 
in plerisque aliis opposita (raro utrinque cum contrariis connata, 
perseepe autem postice cum foliolo intermedio in verticillum tri- 
foliatum connata) ; ambitu orbiculata, ovata ovaliave, interdum sub- 
quadrata, nunquam filiformia, frequenter autem subdimidiata; in 
aliis integra, in aliis bifida, in aliis paucis 3-5-fida. Cellule ut- 
plurimum mediocres majusculzeve, vix unquam minute ; equilaterse 
vel oblonge. oliola raro sat magna et ubique preesentia; plerumque 
vel nulla vel parva et squamuleformia. ores acrogeni, in solum 
paucissimis cladogeni; in robustioribus constanter fere dioici, in 
tenellis et pusillis sepe monoici. SBractew 9 1—5-jugee, foliis sub- 
conformes vel magis incisz, subinde basi subconnate, vix unquam 
in cyathum coalitz ; in Nardia autem et affinibus perianthio plus 
minus alte adnatz ; in generibus marsupiocarpeis quandoque minute, 
inter se in coronulam duplicem triplicemve marsupil os cingentem 
connate, Pertanthium (ubi adest) alatere plus minus compressum ;* 
in aliis a basi vel saltem supra medium complanatum, ore lato trun- 
cato vel bilabiato, seepe dentato ciliatove, aciebus (antica et postica) 
subinde alatis ; in aliis trigonum (angulo tertio in fronte, 1.e. antico), 
ore hiante 3-6-lobum, angulis alatis vel nudis; in aliis turgidi- 
usculum, 3-10-plicatum-carinatumve (rarissime teres atque cylin- 
dricum) apice constrictum microstomum vel primum clausum demum 
valvatim ruptum. Calyptra plerumque tenuis, rarius carnosula, in 
plerisque libera basique pistillidiis sterilibus cireumdata; in paucis 
perianthio vel involucro adnata, apice solo pistillidia sterilia gerens, 


* Nisi in genere Marsupella ac in Jungermanice paucis speciebus, perianthio 
a fronte compressulo vel impresso donatis. 


420 EPIGONIANTHEA, 


Capsula in pedicello brevi vel seepius sat longo suffulta, raro spheerica, 
seepius oblonga vel subcylindrica, valida, 2-8-strata, ad basin usque 
4-valvis. Elateres dispiri, paucis ex parte vel tota longitudine 
monospiris raro adjectis. Spore parvule—minute. <Andrecia 
spicata, raro hypogyna, rarissime ad ramulum proprium relegata, 
plerumque in caulis ramive medio apiceve posita; bractez foliis 
consecutive, pro more minores, 1—-10-andre. 


In the subtribe Trigonanthee the leading character was to have the 
perianth flattened from the front, and its primary angles at the axis, or 
fold, of the three complicate flower-leaves; hence its trigonous form, with 
a flat front, an.angle on each side, and a third angle at back. But in the 
subtribe Epigonianthee the primary angles are at the marginal sutures 
ot the flower-leaves, and not at their axis ; so that where there are only 
two such leaves, and they are pressed together by their faces, a complanate 
perianth results, at right angles to the normal plane of the leaves, with 
one of its edges antical, the other postical, as in the large genus Plagio- 
chila. Where an underleaf exists and the flower-leaves are three, the 
perianth may be trigonous, with the third angle in front, as we see it in 
Lophocolea ; or it may still be complanate and ancipitous, if the underleaf 
be folded along the middle, so as to present only one edge at back, instead 
of two, of which we have an example in Levoscyphus. 

In all these genera the perianth is as wide at the mouth as in the 
middle, or even wider; but in some genera, of which Jungermania proper 
is one, it is constricted—or even before the protrusion of the capsule quite 
closed—at the apex ; never complanate, and rarely only trigonous; usually 
more or less inflated, and traversed by from 3 to 10 angles, or folds. In 
a few species, mainly of the subgenus Lophozia, the perianth is terete—or 
tereti-polygonal—so that it is impossible to say whether the compression 
is lateral or frontal, except in the very early stage, where it is mostly dis- 
cernible.* In Marsupella, however, the compression is decidedly frontal ; 
yet the genus is so closely related to Nardia (where the compression of 
the perianth is lateral) that, in a natural arrangement, it must perforce 
stand next to it, for Nature is continually overstepping our artificial 
limits. 

In Trigonanthew nearly every species has cladogenous and postical ? 
flowers; yet a few species of Cephalozia have terminal flowers, and some- 
times both terminal and postical on the same individual. In Epigoni- 
anthew, on the contrary, the rule is to have acrogenous @ flowers; yet in 
Chiloscyphus they are distinctly cladogenous, while, without flowers, the 
plants so much resemble Lophocolee—or sometimes Leiosceyphi—that it is 
often impossible to assign them to their proper genus. 

The leaves of Epigonianthee are succubous in every species. In Trigon- 
anther they are succubous or transverse in Cephalozia and its immediate 
allies, but incubous in all others, 

I have throughout endeavoured to collocate the Marsupiocarpous genera 
by the side of those which so nearly resemble them in every respect, except 
that their perianth is not a pendulous pouch, as to leave no doubt of their 
not-very-remote origin in a common ancestor. This is the natural method ; 
although it would doubtless be much easier, and is more convenient for 


* See also below the note to Jungermania cordifolia. 


EPIGONIANTHE:. 421 


an artificial conspectus, to treat of the pouch-fruited species as a family 
apart.—The term “ Geocalycee,” applied to these plants by Nees and 

ottsche, does not always correctly express their habit; for not all bury 
their pouches in the earth: Tylimanthus hangs them among adjacent 
mosses, and on the Amazon the pouches of Kantia are often buried in the 
decaying wood of the prostrate trunks on which some of the species love 
to grow. 


CONSPECTUS GENERUM. 
A. Perianthium normale, erectwm. 
a. Per. ab involucro liberum. 
* Per. constanter trigonum, macrostomum. Bractee g monandre. 
+ Acrocarpice: fl. 2 in caule ramove (raro abbreviate) terminales. 


21. LopHocotea. Caulis prostratus eequifoliatus, ramis prostratis vel 
assurgentibus. F. decurvula convexa, apice varia, sepius bifidula 
vel truncato-biapiculata, raro integra. * bifida vel plurifida. Per. 
pro m. oblongo-linearive-prismaticum, seepe trialatum, raro solum 
obtuse trigonum, ore trilabiatum, labiis bifidis seepe laciniatis. 

22. CLASMATOCOLEA. Pusilla, fragilis. Caulis brevis densifolius apice 
florifer, basi radicante ramos tenues arcuantes, folia parva dissita 
obcordato-cuneata gerentes, proferens. F. caulina assurgentia con- 
cava obovata rotundata retusave. Per. fragillimum obovatum, obscure 
angulatum, ore hiante 2—4-fidum. 


tt Cladocarpice : fl. 2 ramulo postico brevissimo constantes. 


23. CuitoscypHus. Folia et foliola iis Lophocolee subconformia ; flores 
autem cladogeni; bractezee 9 pauciores, solum 1-2-jugee, minute ; 
calyptra carnosa ultra perianthium spe protrusa. 


*% Per. a latere compresso-planum, anceps, macrostomum, normaliter 
eplicatum. Bractee g 1-10-andre. 


24, LetoscypHus. Folia opposita, cum foliolo majusculo bifido in verti- 
cillum connata, margine subintegerrima. Per. exalatum ore sepius 
edentatum. 

26. Piagiocuita. Folia utplurimum insigniter dentata ciliatave ; vel 
alterna foliolis nullis, aut parvis et inconspicuis, stipata, vel opposita 
foliolis omnino orbata. Per. ad acies (anticam precipue) frequenter 
alatum, ore semper fere ciliatum spinosumve. 


*** Per, turgidiusculum, scepissime plicatum; ore constrictum, subinde 
initio clausum, demum valvatim ruptum., 


+ Folia opposita, per paria connata. 


27. Syzyeretta. Plagiochile quoad foliaturam simillima, perianthio 
autem pluricarinato ore constricto distat. F!* nulla, 


+t Folia alterna. 


30. LiocHitmNna. Per. cylindricum arcuatum eplicatum abrupte micros- 
tomum. 

31. JUNGERMANIA. Per. forma varium, plerumque subovatum, tota 
longitudine, vel saltem apicem versus, plicis carinisve 3-10 percur- 
sum, rarissime eplicatum. F. integra, bifida vel 3-5-loba. T'* 
nulla vel parva, forma varia.* 


* Pro Jungermanice subgenerum caracteribus videas infra. 
TRANS. BOT. SOC, EDIN. VOL. XV. 3B 


EPIGONIANTHE:. 


rs 
bo 
bo 


b. Perianthiwm basi vel altius bractets adnatwm. 

32. Narpia. F. iis Hujungermanie similia, in Eunardia foliolis subulatis 
adjectis ; bracteis 2-5-jugis oppositis perianthio (immerso) alte 
adnatis ; perianthio indistincte 3-5-angulo, apice primum clauso. 
In subg. Eucalyx, bracteze 1-2-jugee, nonnisi interlores perianthio 
subemerso paulo adnate ; foliola nulla. In subg.? Apotomanthus 
foliola adveniunt majuscula lanceolata torta; per. emersum teres 
superne indistincte plicatum, ore truncatum, basi bracteis brevi 
spatio adnatum. 

B. “ Perianthium” marsupium pendulum, in terra radicans, vel in muscis 
substratis nidulans, in generibus Andinis semper in caule terminale, 
sistens. Folia succuba. 

a. Calyptra libera, pistillidiis basi sterilibus obsita. Folia opposita. 

25. CALypoGEIA. Pusilla, facie foliisque Southbye tophacee. F. con- 
fertissima tenerrima, utrinque per paria basi connata, prelata et 
obliqua, subintegerrima. Marsupium cylindricum, ore squamulis 
pro m. triseriatis cinctum. 

b. Calyptra cum marsupio conereta, apice solo libera et pistillidiis sterilibus 
onusta. Folia in Americanis alterna, 


28. TyLtrmanrHus. Caules elati, e caudice rhizomatoso orti, habitu 
Plagiochile. F. subdimidiata, margine antico recurva ; apice trun- 
cato emarginata, rarius rotundata, cum margine postico plus minus 
denticulata serrulatave. Marsupium cylindricum, ore subnudum. 

29. SympHyomirra. Prostrata, facie Liochlenew. F. lingueformia in- 
tegerrima, margine antico plana. Marsupium cylindricum, ore 
squamulis laciniatis in annulum duplicem connatis cinctum. 

33. AcrosotBus. Hunmilis prostrata, facie foliisque bifidis Jung. ventri- 
cosam mentiens. Br. magne plurilobe crispate. Marsupium sub- 
globosum, ore nisi pro pistillidiis subnudum. 


XXII. LOPHOCOLEA, Dum. 
Recueil (1835) ; Nees, Hep. Eur. (1836). 


Plante sat grandes, rarissime pusillee minutzve, molles et flaccida, 
virides vel albido-virides, nunquam rosez, in sicco flavide, badize 
lurideve, graveolentes raro fragrantes, strato pro more tenui perlate 
effusee. Caules radicellis crebris longis albidis repentes, eequifoliati, 
vage ramosi, raro subpinnati, sat crassi, in speciebus robustioribus 
stratis concentricis sub 7 conflati ; cellule parvee, extime quadrate 
vel oblong, interiores lineari-prismaticze. Rami vel prostrati et 
radicantes vel assurgentes suberective, omnes laterales vel postico- 
laterales (e folii lateralis angulo postico exeuntes), nullo flagellari. 
Folia sat magna tenuia, in omnibus Europeis alterna, in plurimis 
tropicis opposita, succuba, lata basi antice longius in caule decurrente, 
postice breviter arcuata inserta, oblique ovato-oblonga vel perszepe 
subtriangularia, apice lato truncato recte vel exciso-bidentata biapicu- 


LOPHOCOLEA. 423 


latave, raro perfecte explanata, plerumque convexa decurvulave, 
rarius recurvo-secunda; margine antico rectiore, basi precipue re- 
curvo, postico rotundato vel szepe rectiusculo, toto margine integer- 
rimo, vel in paucis plus minus serrulato, ciliato spinosove. Cellule 
majuscule mediocresve, raro parvee, leptodermes vel in aliis paucis 
ad angulos incrassate. Foliola ubique presentia, foliis 2—4plo 
breviora, cuneata vel subquadrata, in Alternifoliis bifida, interdum 
utrinque unidentata ; in Oppositifoliis pro m. 4—8-laciniata, laciniis 
sepe capillaceis, utrinque isthmo angusto decurrente cum foliis col- 
lateralibus connata. lores dioici vel monoici (rarissime paroici). 
Andrecia rami apicem mediumye, rarius totum tenentia; bractez 
plurijugee, parvee, superne recurve bifida, basi erecta antice lobulo 
turgido incurvo unidentato, antheridium solitarium magnum fovente 
aucte. lores 2 in caule et ramis (raro abbreviatis) terminales ; 
bractez subtrijuge, foliis parum diverse, submajores, magis fre- 
quenter laciniatz spinoszeve ; bracteolz paulo breviores, foliolis apice 
subconformes, plerumque liberz, vel basi solum cum altera bractea 
connata, Prstillidia 18-30. Perianthiwm emersum, trigono-pris- 
maticum, sepius oblongum 2-4plo longius quam latum, raro brevius 
et urceolatum, angulis (antico pre aliis) in speciebus tropicis perseepe 
dentato-alatis, in europwis semper fere nudis, cristulis facialibus in 
paucissimis interjectis; ore trifidum (trilabiatum), labiis bifidis 
persepe laciniatis ciliatisve; leptoderme, solum ipsa basi bi-(ad 
angulos tri-) stratum. Calyptra subduplo brevior obovata tenuis, 
demum apice lacera, basi pistillidiis sterilibus cincta. Capsula in 
pedicello alte exserta, plerumque oblongo-globosa, ad basin usque 
4-valvis, 5-strata; cellule strati extimi tesselate, sat crassz, pariete 
incrassato et columnis fuscis 3-6 fulcito, interiores tenuissime, 
intime fibris semiannularibus pro m. implete. Llateres elongati 
dispiri. Spore minute leves. 

Hab. et Distr. Lophocolee inter tropicos, locis umbrosis tam planis 
quam montanis abundant ; in zona temperata boreali etiam sat fre- 
quentes, paucas species autem, omnes ad § “‘ Alternifuliw” pertinentes, 
sistunt. In regionibus AXquatori vicinis Alternifolias solum in Andi- 
bus sylvaticis, nullibi infra 1000 metr. alt. vidi, in truncis ramisque 
putrescentibus et ad saxa; species autem heterophylle ad rivulorum 
saxa precipue crescunt. Bicornute, plantz speciose, foliis oppositis 
truncato-biapiculatis cum foliolo majusculo in verticillum connatis, 
in planitie et Andium radicibus, vix unquam ad 1000 metra ascen- 
dentes, super truncos putridos in plagas latissimas se extendunt. 
Plagiochiloides, foliis latis oppositis spinosis ciliatisve insignes, infra 


494 LOPHOCOLEA. 


regionem sylvaticam mediamnondescendunt. Microlophocolee, plant 
minute, foliis serrulatis ciliolatisve, interdum pilis papillisve scabre. 
Species paucas amplectentes, in truncis cariosis necnon ad ramulos 
foliaque viva crescentes, in sylvis calidis vigent; altera species, Z. 
tenerrima mihi, in Andibus subalpinis inter gramina et fruticulos 
lecta, fortasse aliena erit. 


§ 1. ALTERNIFOLLE. Folia alterna, vel utplurimum per paria approxt- 
mata, nec revera opposita. Foliola bifida, sepe basi utrinque dente aucta. 
Flores in sp. Andinis omnibus dioici, in Europeis autem adveniunt etiam 
parorer et autoici, 


A. Bidentate, foliis sinu plus minus profundo bidentata bilobave. 


1. L. diaphana. Majuscula tenera pellucida innovando-ramosa._F. hic 
majora illic minora, late ovata, sinu apicis rotundato, segmentis apice 
tenuibus. F'* 8plo breviora profunde bifida, laciniis angustis extus 
unidentatis. Br. foliisangustiores, margine postico sepe subspinose. 
Per. breviuscula triquetra subexalata, labiis bifidis laciniatis. 

2. L.coadunata. Parvula, caule haud innovato. F. subconformia ovato- 
oblonga, sinu vario, segmentis cuspidatis. F'* 3plo breviora bipartita, 
laciniis integerrimis vel basi unidentatis. Br. foliis latiores, magis 
profunde bilobe, integerrimee. Per. foliis 3-4plo longiora, latissime 
trialata, alis laciniato-ciliatis, ore breviter 3-labiata, labiis laciniatis 
bifidisve. 

3. L. foliicola. Tenera, eaule haud innovato. F. distantia rotundo- 
quadrata, ad 4 bifida, sinu rotundato, segmentis triangularibus 
cuspidatis. Fa 3plo minora profunde bifida, pro m. integerrima. 
Per. carinis lateralibus anguste alatis, antica exalata. 

4. L. blepharoptera. Pusilla subfasciculato-ramosa, ramis assurgentibus, 
innovando floriferis. F. ovata, sinu apicis rotundato, segmentis cus- 
pidatis. F! inferiora minuta, superiora increscentia, ad 4 bifida, 
hine vel utrinqgue unispina. Br. foliis conformes, margine sub- 
ciliate. Per, foliis 3plo longiora trialata, alis crebre ciliatis. 

5. L. Canelensis. A pr. differt caule minus ramoso ; foliis apice brevi- 
dentatis ; bracteis margine laciniatis integerrimisve ; ; perianthii alis 
laciniatis. 


B. Heterophylle. Folia in eadem stirpe apice varia pleraque rotundata 
retusave, alia emarginato-bidentata. 


6. L.aberrans. Pusilla tenera subinnovando-ramosa. F. oblongo-rotunda 
plerumque retusa. F' duplo breviora subsquarrosa ovalia ultra $ 
bifida seepius integerrima. Per. trigona subcampanulata, subexalata, 
labiis rude incisis. 

7. L. irrigata. Majuscula, sterilis, ramis paucis, seepe parvifoliis. F. a 
basi laté ovata retusa vel lunulato-bidentata. F'* 4plo breviora sub- 
quadrata, profunde bis bifida. 

8. L. brachydonta. LL. aberrante major, lurida. F. sat magna, inferiora 
retusa, superiora lunatim emarginata, apicibus acutis. F!® magna 
subrotunda ad 4 solum bifida vel quadrifida. 


2. Bicornutm. Plante clate speciose. F. opposita, postice cum foliolo 
subquadrato profunde 4-8-laciniato (rarissime solum 2-3-fido) connata, inter- 


LOPHOCOLEA. 425 


dum etiam antice subconnata ; ambitu subtriangularia, apice lato subrecte 
truncata, angulis in cornicula porrectis. Flores in omnibus (L. pycnorrhiza 
excepta ?) monoict. 


9. L. Martiana. F. subimbricata, triangularia, apice lato bispinosa, sinu 
rectangulari vel obtusangulo. F'!* 4plo fere breviora cuneato-quad- 
rata ultra $ 4-fida. Br. margine postico rude 3—-4-laciniatz ; br! 
apice truncato longe 4-spina, spinis mediis divaricato-bifidis. Per. 
trialata, alis lateralibus subdenticulatis, antica trispinosa. 

+ L. perissodonta. Caules elongati in plagas prelatas extensi, ramis 
floriferis semper fere brevibus. F. late imbricata, longe triangularia 
apice truncato-bispinosa, sinu lunulari, margine postico medio spina 
longa armata. F'!* subtriplo breviora, quadrata, apice ultra $in cilia 
4-8 fissa. Br. utroque margine spinis longis armate ; br'* apice 
4-spina, spinis mediis 2-3-fidis, margine longispina. Per, trialata, 
alis omnibus latis longispinis. 

10, L. connata. Cvzespites densi prostrati. F. densa longe triangularia 
subfaleata, apice truncato exciso-bicornuta, cornibus cuspidatis, mar- 
gine antico latissime recurvo, postico sub apice l-dentato, F'* 2plo 
minora subquadrata ad 4 exciso-bifida, laciniis subulatis apice capil- 
laribus. Br. foliis minores subconformes. Per. ovato-fusiformia 
trialata, alis latissimis superne spinosis. 

ll. L. pyenophylla. Rami fertiles breves simplices assurgentes, steriles 
prostrati elongati arcte radicantes. F. confertissima ovato-oblonga 
subrecte truncata, utroque angulo apicali in spinulam 3—4c. longam 
protracto, cellulis majusculis. F!* vix duplo breviora quadrata, apice 
dentato—4-spina. Br. margine antico unispine, postico 3-4-spine. 
Per. linearia triquetra vix subalata. 

12. L. pycnorrhiza. Prostrata, radicellis creberrimis matrici adfixa. F. 
densa ovato-rectangularia recte truncata retusulave, angulis rotun- 
datis, vel rarissime altero angulo breviapiculato. F!* 3plo breviora 
longe 4-spina. Br. foliis duplo longiores, marginibus rude pauci- 
dentatis. Per. sat magna ovata inflata, apicem versus trigona, exalata. 


§ 3. PLacrocuinorpes. - Plante elate speciosee. Folia opposita sepe 
late triangularia, subdimidiata, margine antico recto subintegerrima, 
postico subrotundato apiceque (angusto) spinis cillisve longis, 5-10 (raro 
pancioribus) armata. Foliola magna, utrinque connata, 4-8-laciniata. 
Flores dioici. 


13. L. columbica. F. alata basi semiovali-rotunda, antice integerrima vel 
1-2-ciliata, postico apiceque ciliis longis 6 vel 7 ornata. Fla4 
minora, hastatim 4-partita, raro 6-vel 7-partita. Br. ovato- 
orbiculatze, circumcirca longiciliate ; br'* ovalis ad } 4-fida, laciniis 
pinnatim ciliatis. Per. sat. magna, “urniformia, trialata, alis haud 
latis ciliatis, ore breviter trilobo ‘Jongissime ciliata. 

142)D: trapezoidea. F. ovato-triangularia, margine antico supra medium, 
postico toto apiceque 8-10-ciliata. F' duplo breviora ultra $ in 
cilia 6-8 subulato-setacea fissa, ubique margine subspinosa. ‘Per. 
ovata turgida obtuse trigona exalata (vel subalata), ore brevissime 
trilobo spinoso- laciniata. 

15. L. polycheta. F. densissima late triangularia, margine antico recto 
integerrima, postico subrecto valde sinuato-crispo profunde 6—8-spina, 
spinis seepe jterem spinulosis. F' paulo minora reniformia, margine 
sinuato-crispa, 5-fida, laciniis pinnatifido-spinosis. Br. foliis sub- 


426 LOPHOCOLEA. 


duplo longiores, validius armate. Per. cyathiformia, ore triloba, 
lobis spinosis ; extus cristis 12 (quarum 3 ad angulos primarios 
ceteris longiores sunt) ornata. 

16. L. thrausta. Priori habitu similis, fragillima tamen. F. longiora, 
angustiora undulato-crispa, apice emarginato- -bispinosa, margine 
postico dissite Dispinosa. F'* duplo breviora, ad medium 6-fida, 
laciniis integerrimis. 


§ 4. Microlophocolea. Plante minute. F. opposita vel alterna, sub- 
rectangularia, apice acute bifida, margine toto spinulosa ciliatave, interdum 
facie supera papilloso-pilosa. F' angusta, caule velata, bifida, lacinits sub- 
ulatis. Flores monoici vel diorct. 

17. L. muricata? ¥. minuta opposita, ad 4-} acute bifida, segmentis 
acutis, circumcirea crebre ciliata, facie’ supera pilis 2- Be. longis 
obsessa. ''* duplo breviora, superiora increscentia, ligulata, ad $ 
bifida, laciniis erectis, ciliata, utringque cum foliis connata. FL 
monoici: @ in ramo simplice terminales. Per. subclavata, 
juvenilia obscure trigona, adulta compresso-teretia, exalata, pilosis- 
sima. 

18. L. Liebmanniana. F. alterna, vix ad 4 bifida, toto fere margine 
serrato-ciliolata, facie levissima. Fla” 2 Aplo breviora bipartita, 
integerrima. FI. monoici et dioici: ramo 2 simplice. Per. maxima 
tubeformia tricarinata, carina antica serrato-alata, lateralibus sub- 
exalatis. 

19. L. tenerrima. F. alterna, rotundo-quadrata, ad } fere biloba, cireum- 
circa subspinulosa, flores @ versus 4-loba, lobis mediis bifidis. F'* 
duplo breviora ligulata ad $ bifida, basi hine vel utrinque unispina. 
Fl. dioici. Per. campanulata, obtuse trigona exalata. 


1, LOPHOCOLEA DIAPHANA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in truncis cariosis saxisque ad rivulorum ripas, 
locis Valle de Leito et Rio de Cusatagua, prope Ambato, alt, 2600", 
etiam in monte Azuay, alt. 3000. 

F 25x15, 16x1°4, 15x10; ek; f* 9x55; 5x3; br 25x 1-25; 
br 2 2: 5x10; per 40x 155, oO 20m 

Majuscula pallide viridis tenera pellucida, late laxe effusa. Caules 2- 
pollicares flexuosi plerumque Innovando-ramosi. 

Folia per paria approximata, hie majora subimbricata, illic minora 
dissita, late oblique ovata, apice plus minus profunde (ad 4, raro ad 
} usque) bifida, sinu rotundato, segmentis tenui-capillarive- acu- 
minulatis ; cellulae majusculee subeeauilateree leptodermes fere vacuz. 

Foliola foliis triplo breviora ovali-cuneata profunde bifida, laciniis 
subulatis acuminatis et vel inzequaliter bifidis vel extus dente auctis, 
hine solum cum folio subjecto decurrenti-connata. 

Flores dioici: 2 in ramo, aliquando innovando-prolifero, terminales. 
Bractez foliis aquilonge, ovate, symmetrice, ad 4 bifidee, segmentis 
capillari-acuminatis, seepius margine postico spinis paucis den- 
ticulisve armatie ; bracteola ovalis vy. ligulato-oblonga apice bifida, 
segmentis cuspidatis, margine unidentata v. repando-denticulata. 

Perianthia foliis vix duplo longiora oblongo-prismatica, triquetra, angulis 
exalatis vel (antico preecipue) ala angusta, hic illie deficiente, sub- 
spinosa inermive marginatis ; ore trilabiata, labiis bifidis laciniatis 
ciliolatisve, 


LOPHOCOLFA, 497 


Variat foliis interdum rotundioribus, apice magis coarctatis, et bracteis 
multo longioribus. Perianthia in forma Leitensi brevia, campanulata. 
Foliis ad L. cuspidatam, floribus dioicis ad L. bidentatam, magis 
accedit. 


2. LOPHOCOLEA COADUNATA (Sw.). 


Jungermania coadunata, Sw. Fl. Ind. Oce. 


Hab. super truncos putrescentes in sylvis Andium locis M. Tunguraqua, 
Campana, &c., alt. 1,200-3,000™. In trunco carioso Jamaice frigidi- 
oris (Swartz). In fretu Magellanico (HomBRon). 

F 15x1-0, 10x 65; ¢ ays; f@ 55x35; br’ 20x18, 20x15; 
per 40x 1°5, ala *5 lata; caps 1:°0x°6, 1:0 x °45 ; cal 1°7 x °75™™, 
Parvula pallida, siccando fuscescens, prostrata ; caules pollicares et 

longiores, vage parce ramosi, pro more paucifolii. 

Folia subopposita subimbricata oblique ovato-oblonga bidentata, sinu pro- 
funde lunulato, rotundato, raro subacuto, dentibus tenui-cuspidatis ; 
cellule mediocres subequilaterze leptodermes, fere vacue. 

Foliola dissita, foliis triplo breviora, cauli subzequilata subovalia, bipar- 
tita, segmentis subulatis basi 4c-latis, integerrima vel basi utrinque 
unidentata ; ramorum 9? florem versus increscentia. 

Flores dioici: @ in caule ramisque terminales, innovatione nulla 
suffulti. Bracteze intime suberectze foliis sublongiores, sat latiores, 
magis profunde bilobz, e margine late recurvo valde canaliculate ; 
bracteola magna, vel subquadrata, apice lato utroque angulo 
longispina, vel late ovalis ad 4 fere bifida, lobis acuminatis, medio 
margine utrinque unidentata ; bracteola exterior perpaulo minor. 

Perianthia involucrum duplo superantia, triquetro-prismatica, angulis 
latissime alatis, alis crebre laciniato-ciliatis, ore breviter trilabiata, 
labiis vel acuminatis et laciniatis vel anguste bifidis, lobulis sub- 
ulatis subintegerrimis. Calyptra plus duplo brevior, obovata, angusta. 
Capsula cylindrico-oblonga. 

Plante mascule, foemineis mixte, sat ramos, subpinnate, ramis 
elongatis tota fere longitudine antheridiiferis; bracteze confertius- 
cul, apice recurvo acute bifidee, basi antica lobulo triplo breviore 
subgloboso-inflato aucte, antheridium magnum solitarium foventes. 


Obs. In M. Tunguragua advenit forma foliis duplo minoribus, sinu 
interdum subacuto ; foliolis caule duplo fere latioribus, pro more pro- 
funde bis bifidis. 


Var. parallelogramma S. Folia rectangularia, vel parum obliqua et 
rhomboidea—ramorum @ basi paululum latiora ovato-rectangularia 
—ad } bifida, sinu interdum subacuto. Foliola caule haud latiora, 
bipartita, cruribus perangustis seepe bifidis.—M. Campana, ad saxa. 

Var. rivularis S. Folia solum acuta acuminulatave, sinu lunulato. 
Foliola 4plo minora vel bis bifida vel sepius apice 4-spinulosa. 
Perianthia angustius alata.—Tarapoto, in rivuli saxis emersis, 


Obs. In exemplis pulchre fructiferis, juxta Loja a G. E. MAssez lectis, 
calyptra nisi ipsa basi leptodermis, cellulis 4-7-angulis reticulata, apice 
demum lacera ; perianthium basi 2 cellulas—ad angulos 3 cellulas— 
crassa, ceterum tenue; capsula oblonga, subeylindrica, interdum 
longe ovoidea, 5-strata, stratis interioribus tenuissimis, corticali duplo 
crassiore ; elateres elongati bispiri; sporee minutee leeves, 


428 LOPHOCOLEA. 


3. LOPHOCOLEA FOLIICOLA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in M. Tunguragua, super folia emortua. 

F 12x 1-0, 105 x 9; ¢ gy; f ‘35 x ‘13, “4x35, 6 x “4; br 18; 
liye NA e tefayen 

Viridis, tenera, arcte adrepens; caules pollicares vage parce ramosi 
pallidi. 

Folia distantia varie patula, rotundo-quadrata, ad medium usque bifida, 
sinu rotundato, segmentis triangularibus cuspidatis; cellule parvule 
eequilatere pellucide. 

Foliola foliis 3plo minora, superiora increscentia, erecto-patula, lanceolata 
y. cuneata, profunde bifida, integerrima vel utrinque 1-spina. 

Fl, dioici : 9 terminales, sene tmnovatione. Bractez foliis majores acute 
bifidee recurvee ; bracteola cuneato-oblonga breviter bifida, apice sub- 
denticulata (vel non). 


Perianthia (valde juvenilia) triquetra, angulis lateralibus anguste lacini- 
ato-alatis, antica exalata, ore 3-labiata, labiis bifidis laciniatis. 

L. condunate certe affinis, ramo 9 haud innovando, perianthiis alis 
laciniatis auctis ; differt vero foliis subrotundis, profunde (ad 4) befidis, 
muito densius textis, et bracteola solum breviter bifida, utrinque inermi 
nec 1-spina. 


4, LOPHOCOLEA BLEPHAROPTERA, Spruce. 


Hab. in truncis putridis terraque Andium Peruvianorum sylvestrium, 
locis Tavalosos, Tarapoto et monte Campana. 

F13x°95; cok; f@ media 5x°5; br 2°0,15;5 br* 18x13, LAx 755 
per 45 x 2:0™™, 

Pusilla, e pallido-viridi ccerulescens, siccando rufo-badia ; caules 3-1- 
pollicares, basi repentes, subfasciculato-ramosi, ramique assurgentes 
seepe innovando-proliferi, paucifolii. 

Folia subopposita subimbricata convexo-recurvula oblique ovata exciso- 
bidentata, sinu plus minus profundo, dentibus cuspidatis sub- 
parallelis ; cellule ;™™ subeequilateree tenues pellucida. 

Foliola inferiora minuta, superiora sensim increscentia, sicut flores ? 
versus folia subjecta fere eequant, iisdemque utrinque isthmo angusto 
brevi connata sunt, lato-cuneata, ad medium exciso-bilida, segmentis 
subacuminatis, hine v. utrinque spina aucta, quasi ineequaliter 4-fida 
(3-fidave). 

Fl. dioici:  terminales, in ramo seepe (nec semper) innovando-continuo, 
Bracteee magnitudine valde varize, seepe foliis sat majores, inter se 
semper inzequales ; forma foliorum sed margine plus minus ciliate ; 
bracteola subbrevior cuneato-obovata, apice inaequaliter bi-trifida et 
subdenticulata ; bracteole: exteriores et foliola proxima magis sym- 
metrice bifida utrinque 1-dentata. 

Perianthia foliis plus 8plo longiora lanceolato-oblonga alato-triquetra, 
alis mediocribus inwqualibus erebre dentato-ciliatis-laciniatisve, ore 
3-labiata, labiis bifidis ciliatis. (Lacinize alarum haud raro iterum 
denticulate ciliateve). 

Var. flaccida, major, valde innovando-ramosa, ramis 9 ter quaterve pro- 
liferis. Folia flaccidissima, lata basi inserta, ramorum @ spe 
margine postico spinula una alterave armata. Perianthia longissima 


LOPHOCOLEA. 429 


(5°0-5:5™™ longa) alata, alis angustis latioribusve valde spinoso- 
ciliatis, ore profunde trilabiata, labiis bifidis ciliatisque.—Tarapoto. 

Var. cephalantha, minor, vix semipollicaris. Bractese oppositie, foliis 
multo majores tenerioresque in capitulum ovale congest, intime 
utroque margine (basi precipue) laciniis longis hamatis armate ; 
bracteola vix diversa, bracteis basi connata. Receptaculum alte 
convexum pistillidia 36 vel plura gerens.—M. Campana. 


5. LopHOCOLEA CANELENSIS, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in sylva Canelos, ad saxa. 

BUS x U1; ¢ dy 3 f'* 55°43; br 2:1; brs 2:1 x ‘Emm, 

Flavo-viridis prostrata laxe implexa; caules 14-pollicares vage subramosi, 
ramis ? assurgentibus. 

Folia alterna patulo-decurva oblique ovata, apice subangusto bidentata, 
sinu lunulato, dentibus acutis raro subapiculatis ; cellule mediocres 
equilaterze leptodermes fere vacue. 

Foliola dissita foliis triplo fere breviora cuneato-quadrata vel sub- 
rhombea, ultra medium subacute bifida, segmentis subulatis 
acuminatis, sepius utrinque 1-spinosa. 

Fl. dioici: @ terminales, innovatione sepe suffulti; bractexe foliis 
dimidio majores, apice bifidee, marginibus late subrevolutis laciniate 
integerrimeve ; bracteola magna, forma varia, subquadrata, ad 
medium laciniato-trifida, vel oblonga et breviter bifida, margine 
grosse paucilaciniata. 

Perianthia (valde juvenilia) trialata, alis mediocribus laciniatis, labiis- 
que latis grosse laciniatis. 

A. L. blepharoptera (cui ramis 9 innovatis convenit) foliorum dentibus 
solum acutis nec longicuspidatis, alisque perianthii grosse laciniatis 
(nec crebre ciliatis) differt. 


6. LOPHOCOLEA ABERRANS, Lindenb. et G. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, juxta fl. Bombonasa, alt. 500™, in terra humida 
umbrosa etiam in truncis putridis. In Mexico legit LizpMan, 

Wr Os 6 ays fs 4 x25, 55x33. br 125%"; br* 1:25x« 6; 
per 2°6 x -gmm, 

Pusilla tenera pallide viridis; caules pollicares prostrati foliosi radicantes, 
ramos ascendentes subsimplices vel bis terve innovando-proliferos 
edentes. 

Folia per paria approximata subimbricata patentia oblique oblongo- 
subovatove-rotunda; apice lato retusa, angulis rotundatis, raro 
truncata, rotundata, tricrenatave, rarissime ad ramulos parvifolios 
acute bidentata; margine late recurva (unde ligulato-oblonga 
videantur); cellule mediocres eequilaterze leptodermes subopace. 

Foliola dissita, foliis subduplo breviora, subsquarrose patula, ovalia, 
paulo ultra 4 bifida, sinu rotundato, segmentis acuminatis, integer- 
rima vel basin versus unidentata, hine isthmo brevi cum folio 
subjecto connata. 

Flores dioici: @ terminales, innovatione prolifera semper suffulti. 
Bractez bijugze, intime foliis submajores, eadem forma sed magis 
recurve, integerrime vel repando-crenate ; bracteola squilonga, 
dimidio angusiior, lanceolato-ovalis breviter (ad 1-3) bifida, seg- 


430 LOPHOCOLEA. 


mentis acuminulatis, bracteola exterior sat brevior, ad 4 bifida, 
medio margine utrinque sepius unidentata. 

Perianthia altiuscule emersa trigono-prismatica subcampanulata; angulis 
exalatis, rarius alé brevi angusta—szpe ad dentes 2 v. 3 prominulos 
redacta—auctis, ore trilabiata, labiis grosse inciso-dentatis, interdum 
bifidis. 

Obs. The Mexican plant differs from the Andine solely by the more dis- 
tinctly-winged perianth. The branches and innovations spring from the 
inner side of the postical basal angle of a sideleaf and from the conti- 
guous angle of an underleaf, being partially veiled at its origin by both; 
yet the branch base is never actually contiguous to the underleaf, but to 
the postical leaf-base, which is itself imbricated by the underleaf. The 
innovations arise from the leaf next below the two pairs of bracts, or 
(more rarely) from the axil of one of the outer bracts ; and they diverge 
considerably at each successive innovation from the primary direction of 
the axis, whether stem or branch. 


7. LopHOCOLEA IRRIGATA, Spruce. 


Hab. in rivuli saxis irrigatis prope Tarapoto Andium Peruvianorum. 

FAl5x125 egy; f@ °4x°45™. 

Majuscula fuscidula; caules bipollicares prostrati flaccidi flexuosi, 
ramum hie illic (sepe parvifolium) ex angulo folii lateralis postico 
edentes. 

Folia plane alterna, parum imbricata, horizontalia, basi lata oblique 
longitudinali inserta, ovata, apice varia, rarissime rotundata ; alia 
autem retusa, alia lunulato-bidentata, alia obsolete trilobulata, 
apicibus obtusis raro acutis; cellule mediocres subequilatero- 
hexagon leptodermes, annulo lato opaco intus circumdate. 

Foliola sub 4plo breviora, hine cum folio proximo decurrenti-connata, 
subquadrata, profunde bis bifida, laciniis subdivergentibus, crebre 
radicellosa. 

L. aberrans, huic affinis, habet folia basi angustiora, ambitu oblonga ; 
foliola pro plantula longiora semel bifida. L. rivalis Tay]. foliis e basi 
latissima, multo latioribus quam longis, &c. diversa erit. 


8. LopHOcoLEA BRACHYDONTA, Spruce. 

Hab. In rupibus fluvii Verde (fl. Pastasa affluentis) irrigatis. 

L. aberranti L. et G. affinis, major est, lurida. Folia majora, pauca 
inferiora retusa, superiora lunatim emarginata bidentatave, dentibus 
brevi-acutis, cellulis paulo minoribus magisque opacis. — Foliola 
duplo majora (8 x ‘65, ‘7 x °65™™) rotundiora ad $ solum bifida v. 
ineequaliter quadrifida, segmentis subulatis v. triangulari-acuminatis. 
sractese subrotunds, inzequaliter emarginato-bidentatz, seepe hine 
vel utrinque apicem versus spina armatze, toto margine hic illic sub- 
denticulate ; bracteola vix diversa. 

L. rivalis Tayl.! ex insulis Falklandicis, folia habet pro more dissita, 
tenuia, flaccida, multo latiora quam longa, basi latissima, apice 
rotundata retusulave. Foliola iis L. brachydonte conformia nisi ut 
subcuneata.—Forsan ad L. aberrantem propius accedit. 


9. LopHocoLeaA Martiana, Nees in Syn. Hep. 
Hab. in sylvis ripariis fluminis Amazonum ab ejus ostiis ad radices 


LOPHOCOLEA. 431 


Andium usque, super truncos cariosos, locis Tauat prope Paid, 
Nauta intra fines Peruvie, &c. (R. S.)—In sylvis fl. Amazonum 
aliisque Brasiliz provinciis legerunt Martius, Sexio, &e.; in 
Caribeis insulis MEIssNER, Husnot, &c.; in Mexico LIEBMANN. 

Peete i-Gec 355 f* 6x5; br 9 23x10; br 15x10; per 4x1; 
Ue 1h eae 

Robusta prostrata virescens, siccando rufo-badia vel fuscidula, floribunda ; 
caules 2-pollicares valde et subfastigiatim ramosi. 

Folia opposita subimbricata (basi ad 4 lat. solum, apice sat dissita) tri- 
angularia apice lato suboblique truncato bispinosa, spinis seepe sub- 
divergentibus, sinu subrectangulari raro latiore vel lunulato; cellule 
majuscule subzquilaterze leptodermes, endochromio in annulum 
tenuem opacum coacervato. 

Foliola foliis 4plo fere breviora, caule sublatiora, cuneato-quadrata, 
utrinque cum foliis subjectis decurrenti-connata, ultra dimidium 4- 
fida, laciniis tenui-subulatis, extimis longioribus patulis. 

Flores monoici: ? terminales, innovatione nulla suffulti. Bracteze sub 
trijugee, intime foliis parum longiores ovato-ligulate subfalcate apice 
lunatim truncato-bispinose, margine postico plerumque grosse 2-3- 
laciniatz ; bracteola foliolis 25plo longior cuneato-oblonga, apice Jato 
ad 4 longe 4-spina, spinis duabus externis majoribus subulatis 
acuminatis, internis divaricato-bifidulis. Bracteze bracteoleeque 
exteriores intimis sensim subminores, parum diverse. 

Perianthia foliis vix duplo longiora lineari-oblonga alato-triquetra, alis 
sub 4 cellulas latis, antica trispimosd, lateralibus solum repando- 
denticulatis ; ore profunde trilabiata, labiis bifidis profunde paucila- 
ciniatis. 

Amenta ¢ longispica, seepius ramulis tenuibus flori 2 vicinis constantia ; 
bractez plurijugee argute bifidz, basi antica in lobulum inflexum 
inflatum subrotundum denticulatum, antheridium singulum foventem, 
dilatate ; bracteole cum bracteis utrinque connate, magne, apice 
bifid, laciniis setaceis erectis, margine utrinque 2-3-spine. 

Var. elongata, 3-4-pollicaris, pauciramea pauciflora, sicca rufa. Folia 
opposita vel solum per paria approximata. Foliola latiora quam 
longa, 4-partita, sinu medio lato lunulato, laciniis divergentibus 
zquilongis, vel seepius extimis sublongioribus. Flores seepe in ramo 
perbrevi terminales, Bracteola intima apice lato 4-fida, laciniis 
subeequalibus, mediis apice bi-trilobulis.—Tauat. 

Var.? furcata, flore 2 sepe e dichctomia, i.e. innovationibus duabus 
oppositis suffulto. Innovationes illz apice vel feeminez iterumque 
innovando-prolongatz vel mascule determinateeque.— Fl. Aripecurt 
flum. Amazonum affluens. 

Var.? platyphylla. Folia paulo ultra $ lat. basi imbricata, recte ovato- 
triangularia, truncata, apice (triplo quam basi angustiora) ad angulos 
minute corniculata, margine postico distanter bispinulosa, rarissime 
inermia. Foliola utrinque connata, oblato-cuneata, apice lato 6-7- 
spina, spinis subparallelis, margine plerumque integerrima raro 
unispina.—F’ 1°8x 1°8 (bast) x ‘65 (apice); ¢ 35; f'* -8x-9™™,—In 
monte Guayrapurina, sterilis. Quum flores nullos inveni, forsan 
propria species erit, dioica. 

Obs. Caulis L. Martiane validus, subcompressus, sectione oyali 14 
cellulas diametro. Cellule corticales foliaribus sat minores, in caulis 
facie supera oblong v. subquadratz, in facie infera duplo fere minores 


4353 LOPHOCOLEA. 


magisque quadrate ; interiores, eodem fere diametro, corticalibus multo 
longiores, longitudine latitudinem 3-4plo excedente, sectione verticali 
lineari-rectangulares-rhomboidezve. 

Foliola utrinque insigniter decurrentia, insertione super caulem 
figuram alte parabolicam monstrantia, isthmo latiusculo cum utroque 
folio collaterali connata. 

Perianthia unistrata—solum in ipsissima basi bistrata. 


10. LopHocoLEA MARTIANA Nees. v. PERISSODONTA, S. 
(Lophocolea perissodonta, Spruce Mst.) 


Hab. in truncis cariosis per sylvam Amazonicam, juxta cataractas fl. 
Negro et Uaupés preecipue ; etiam circa Pard. 

F 2-0 longa, basi 1:2, apice ‘5, lata; ¢ do 3 f °7x°55; br 2°7-40x15; 
be cS & PAs per 50x Poa 

Robusta prostrata, pallide viridis, in plagas latissimas extensa ; caules 3-6- 
pollicares rufi flexuosi tota longitudine densifolii, valde implexi, 
radicellis copiosis arcte adheerentes, pauciramel, ramis pro more 
abbreviatis floriferis, nonnumquam bi-trifidis. 

Folia horizontalia plana opposita, late (basi ultra dimidium) imbricata, 
apice vix dissitiuscula, elongato-triangularia, apice truncato-bispinosa, 
sinu lunulari, spinis brevi-subulato-setaceis rectiusculis (sub- 
parallelis), margine postico perpaulo convexo medium versus spina 
longa (raro 2-3) armata; cellule majusculee fere equilateree sub- 
leptodermes subvacuee. 

Foliola imbricata, utrinque cum foliis alte connata, foliis fere 3plo 
breviora, quadrata, apice ultra medium in cilia 6-8 (4-8 cell. longa) 
ineequalia, plus minus curvula, fissa, margine supra basin bispinu- 
losa integerrimave media basi radicellas plures elongatas pro- 
ferentia. 

Fl. monoici: Q@ in ramo brevi paucifolio (raro tamen ad bracteas solas 
redacto) terminales, innovatione nulla; bracteze sub 3-jugee conferte 
erectae, intima magnitudine variabiles, foliis longiores brevioresve, 
apice bifidee, segmentis subulatis, utroque margine plus minus 
recurvo spinis longis hamatis armatz ; bracteola brevior, ligulato- 
oblonga, marginibus longispina, apice truncato dentato-4-spina, spinis 
mediis apice 2—3-fidis. 

Perianthia foliis 2}plo longiora, lineari-lanceolata 3-quetra, angulis ala 
latiuscula longispina, infra medium sensim angustata integer- 
rimfque, auctis, ore profunde 3-labiata, labiis apice bifidis dein 
incisis, laciniis omnibus longisubulatis. 

Ramo  collateralis, vel ex eodem ortus, advenit plerumque ramus 
brevis amentis & pinnulatus. Amenta folium paulo excedentia ; 
bractese parvee, sub 12-jugee, opposite connate, apice recurvo bifidee, 
basi antica in lobulum incurvum inflatum dilatatee, postica cum 
bracteola interveniente in sacculum coaliti. 

Distincta species videtur foliis longis, apice recte truncato bicuspidato- 
cornutis, medio margine postico wnicornibus ; foliolis apice plerumque 
8-ciliatis ; bracteis, bracteolis, perianthiique alis crebre longispinis. 

A beautiful plant, almost worthy to be regarded as a distinct species, 
although it cannot be denied that somewhat intermediate forms occur, 
uniting it with typical L. Martiana. The leaves are remarkable for 
having a large spiniform, or horn-like, tooth about the middle of the 


LOPHOCOLEA. 433 


postical margin. The type of the underleaves seems as follows: they 
are broadly cuneate—at the apex of the segments spreading widely beyond 
the stem—twice bifid, with rounded sinuses and subulate segments ; lateral 
segments longer and narrower, inner wider and 3-cleft or trispinous; and 
when all the divisions are nearly equal (as sometimes happens) we have 
an 8-ciliate or 8-spinose stipule. The bracteoles are on the same plan ; 
cuneato-quadrate, or oblong, cloven to about one-third into 4 subulate 
spines, whereof the two medial ones are 2-3-spinose at the apex. 

A smaller form grows at the cataracts of the Rio Negro, in which the 
leaves sometimes want the marginal spine, and the underleaves are 
commonly only 5-spinose. 


10. LOPHOCOLEA CONNATA (Sw.). 
Jungermania connata Sw. Prodr. Fl. Ind. Occid. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in sylva Canelos, ad truncos prostratos. Per totas 
insulas Caribzeas et in Mexico. 

F18x1-05; c35 f%-9x°5; br 16; br’*13x°85; per 4:0 x 1:2™™ (alis 
eaxclusis). 

Albido-viridis dense prostrato-czespitosa ; caules 1-1} pollicares vage sub- 
ramosa, ramis densifoliis subimbricatis. 

Folia opposita dense imbricata, basi vel paulo ultra medium sese obte- 
gentia, apicem versus dissita, subfaleata, longe triangularia, apice 
truncato exciso-bicornuta, sinu lunato rarius triangulari, cornubus 
divaricatis setaceo-cuspidatis, margine antico latissime decurva, basi 
longe decurrente cum folio opposito subconnata, integerrima v. raro 
margine supero apicem versus unispinosa; cellule subsequilaterae 
subchlorophyllose, leptodermes angulis parum incrassatis. 

Foliola imbricata, cum foltis subjectis alte connata, suberecta, foliis 2plo 
minora, subquadrata, ad medium usque exciso-bispina (rarissime 
3-spina), spinis subulatis capillari-acuminatis erecto-incurvis, sinu 
lunulato, integerrima vel aliquando utrinque 1-dentata. 

Fl. monoici: 2 terminales, v. perseepe ramulo brevissimo constantes, quasi- 
laterales; bracteze 2-3-jugze, parve, intime foliis minores eadem fere 
forma sed oblique emarginato-bispinos, recurvo-torte, postice seepius 
1-2-spinulosz : bracteola bracteis vix diversa, sed symmetrica et erecta, 
utrinque 2-spinulosa v. inermis. 

Perianthia alte emersa foliis plus duplo longiora, ovato-fusiformia trigona, 
latissime alata, alis superne dentato-spinosis, ore constricto 3-labiata, 
labiis brevibus bifidis in spinas subulatas implexas incisis. 

Amenta ¢ in ramo terminalia; bracteze pro more paucijuge, foliis duplo 
minores, basi lobulo inflato 1-dentato auctze, superne recurvo-squar- 
rosx, bifid, antice cum bractea opposita, postice cum bracteola parva 
bifida, in urceolum coalitee. 


A. L. Martiana diversa foliorum cornibus cuspidatis divaricatis, foliolis 
bifidis (nec quadrifidis), bracteola bifida (nec truncato—4-fida) et perianthiis 
latissime alatis. Cum L. connata 6 “ foliorum dentibus longioribus,” Syn. 
Hep. convenire videtur. 

In eadem sylva, ad fluvii Verde ripas precipue, adest forma foliis 
brevissime apiculatis, sinu vario plerumque rectilineo, interdum triangu- 
lari lunulatove ; foliolis subtriplo brevioribus profunde bifidis, segmentis 
divaricatis, subulatis rarissime iterum bifidis. Alteram formam (ejusdem 
speciei?) in truncis fl. Casiquiart et Pacimonz inveni, foliolis magnis 


434 LOPHOCOLEA. 


divaricato-bilobis, segmentis trifidis—ad spicas ¢ sepe 4-5-fidis ; cum 
autem flores nulli aderant forsan dioica erit, itaque diversa species. 


11. LopHOCOLEA PYCNOPHYLLA, Spruce. 


Hab. In M. Guayrapurina Andium Peruvie supra truncos putridos, socia 
L. Martiand. 

F1:25x10; ¢ dy; f™ 65x 6; br 18; br* 14x75 per 40x°75, caps 
xX om. 

Robusta, olivacea, late repens; Caules 2-pollicares vage ramosi, ramis 
sterilibus elongatis matrici arcte adherentibus, fertilibus brevibus 
ascendentibus. 

Folia opposita confertissima, basi ultra 4 latitudinem imbricata, ovato- 
oblonga stbtriangularia, marginibus subrectis perpaulo rotundatis, 
apice lato fere recte truncata, angulis in spinulam 3-4-cellulas longam 
vix patulam productis ; cellule majuscule subleptodermes, 6-gone, 
paulo elongate, fere vacuee. Folia tota longitudine sese imbri- 
cantia, ipsa basi ad ? lat. usque, apice perpaulo sed distincte obtecta 
nec dissita, 

Foliola foliis vix duplo breviora, quadrata, recurva, apice breviter (vix ad 
4 usque) dentato-4-spinosa, cum foliis utrinque alte connata (nec in 
caule decurrentia), spinis erectis subparallelis. 

Fl. monoici; ¢ terminales sine innovatione ; bracteze 2-3-jugz, interiores 
foliis submajores, apice magis profunde bidentate, margine antico 
medio l-spin, postico 3-4-spine ; bracteola lato-ligularis v. sub- 
cuneata, apice 2-5-(seepius 4-)dentata, hiuc cum bractea breviter 
connata. 

Perianthia alte emersa, foliis 3-4plo longiora, fere linearia, acute triquetro- 
prismatica, vix subalata, ore profunde 3-loba, lobis apice bitidis 
utroque margine laciniis 2-4 subulatis (spe implexis) armatis. 

Infra fl. 2 oritur ramulus brevis parvifolius apice masculus ; bracteze 
paucijugee, laxee, foliis sensim sat minores, monandre. 

A. L. Martiana differt foliis confertissimis apice brevissime bicornibus ; 
foliolis quadratis apice solo breviter recte 4-spinis; perianthis subexalatis. 
The ¢ ramuli—mostly solitary, sometimes two, opposite or alternate 

—spring either from the very base of the perianth, or from just beneath 

the bracts, or 3 or 4 leaves lower down ; but I have never seen a pro- 

liferous Q innovation. 


12. LopHocoLEA PYCNORHIZA, Spruce. 

F 13x10, 12x °8; ¢ py; f* 4x5; br 28x18; br 10 x05 per 
AO xX Lon: 

Hab. M. Campana et Guayrapurina Andium Peruvie, in truncis putridis. 

Rufo-badia in plagas densas prostrata ; caules 1-14 pollicares parum vage 
ramosi, subtus radiculis numerosissimis flexuosis longis arctissime 
adherentes implexique. 

Folia opposita dense (ultra 4) imbricata, decurvula, ovato-rectangularia- 
trapezoideave, recte truncataretusulave, angulis rotundatis—rarissime 
altero angulo in spinulam 1-3 cell. longam protracto; cellule medi- 
ocres, fere wquilateree, subconformes, leptodermes, endochromio opaco 
latiuscule annulari intus cinctee. Ad ramos tenues parvifolios sub- 
inde adveniunt folia truncato-bidenticulata. 


LOPHOCOLEA. 435 


Foliola subcontigua foliis 3plo breviora, ultra medium 4-spina, spinis 
lateralibus brevioribus, utrinque isthmo angusto folio connata. 

Fl. dioici (?): 2 in ramo terminales, sine innovatione: bractee foliis 
duplo longiores oblique ovato-oblonge truncato-bidentulz, margine 
(preecipue postico) dentibus paucis grossis incise ; bracteola plus 
duplo minor subrotunda bipartita, segmentis bifidis, laciniis sub- 
trifidis. 

Perianthia assurgentia emersa, foliis caulinis 3plo longiora, ovata inflata, 
apicem versus trigona, exalata, ore breviter trilabiata, labiis incisis, 
laciniis breviusculis, 2 terminalibus paulo longioribus. Capsula alte 
exserta oblonga, valvulis ruberrimis. 

Amenta ¢ apice v. medio rami posita; bracteze ad 10-jugz foliis sub 
duplo breviores, eadem fere forma, lobulo antico incurvo-inflato 
1-dentato adjecto. 


The plants are impossible to extricate without rupture, so firmly do 
they adhere to each other by the numerous strong radicles, and I do not 
satisfactorily trace the connection of the ¢ branches with the ? plants 
among which they were closely interlaced. 


13. LopHOCOLEA COLUMBICA, Gottsche. 
In G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 155. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in M. Tunguragua, ad terram sub Ericearum 
umbra; in M. Azuay, ad ramos. Specimina L. coluwmbice originalia 
in monte Pillin—a monte Tunguragua haud longe distante—a cl. 
JAMESON lecta fuerunt. 

F 25 x 2°5; ¢ dy; f* 15x17; cilta 8™™ (10 cell.) longa; br 3-5; br’ 3-0; 
per 5°56 x 4:5™™, 

Laxe ceespitosa, olivacea rufave; caules 3-pollicares seepius erecti, sub- 
flaccidi parum ramosi, ramis postico-lateralibus, 

Folia subopposita paulo imbricata decurvo-convexa, late semiovali- 
rotunda, v. subrhombea, basi lata obliqua inserta, margine antico 
recto integerrima v. cilio uno alterove ornata, postico rotundato 
apiceque longiciliata, ciliis spinisve omnibus 7-8; cellule majuscule, 
endochromio parco, trigonis magnis rutis. 

Foliola foliis cimidio minora, iisdem utrinque isthmo angusto connata, 
hastatim 4-partita, laciniis 2 mediis erectis parallelis, lateralibus 
horizontaliter patulis, omnibus setaceo-acuminatis integerrimis v. 
intus 1-spinosis, basi hine sublongiora spinulaque aucta.—Foliola ali- 
quando 6-(dein 7-) fidainveniuntur, laciniis lateralibus utrinque binis. 

FI. dioici: 9 terminales, innovatione suffulti; bracteze foliis majores ovato- 
orbiculate, toto margine longiciliate ; bracteola brevior ovalis ad 
medium usque 4-fida, laciniis pinnato-ciliatis. 

Perianthia foliis plus duplo longiora, urniformia, 3-gona, angulis ala 
mediocri ciliata auctis, nonnunq. ala brevi subciliata utrique faciei 
interjecta, ore truncato breviter trilobo ciliis longissimis barbata. 

Planta mascula tenuior. Folia solum 5-spinosa. Bractee ¢ paucijuge 
in rami apice confertz, antice lobulo brevi subquadrato 1-2-spinoso 
aucte. Antheridia magna brevi-pedicellata solitaria. 


L. Breutelic Gotts. vix diversa species videretur. L. Orbigniana M. et 


N. descripta est “foliis wndique et longe ciliatis;” forma tamen foliolorum 
nostrati bene convenit. 


436 LOPHOCOLEA. 


In eodem monte Tunguragua advenit var. parvifolia, omnibus partibus 
duplo minoribus. Cilia foliorum sub sex, 6-8 cellulas longa. Perianthia 
vel omnino exalata, vel uno solo latere ala angusta brevi aucta, compressa 
nec trigona. 

Cum priore adest altera var., longispina, major, foliis longissime dentato- 
spinosis, seepius apice truncato-2-3-spinosis. Perianthia argute triquetra, 
angulis lateralibus late alatis spinosis, antico angustius alato.—Caules 
interdum sub flore terminali innovationes sub 4 produnt. 

Var. angustifolia, tenuior. Folia sat imbricata angustiora, fere 
rectangularia—vel, basi paulo dilatata, ovato-rectangularia, longispina; 
spinis 5-8, antica sepissime obsoleta, Foliola 5-partita, laciniis cilii- 
formibus inter se patentibus. Androecia in ipso caule, medio basive 
posita ; bracteze 5-10-jugee, basi antica incurvo-lobulate, apice ciliate, 
lobulo ciliolato.—Hab. Andes Quitenses in sylva Canelos ad truncos 
putrescentes; Chimborazo, ad ramos; Andes Peruvianos, in M. Campana, 
ad terram bumidam cum Sphagno Peruviano. 


14. LoPpHOCOLEA TRAPEZOIDEA, Mont. 


In Ann. Sc. Nat. 1843, p. 251, t. 8, f£-2.—Syn. Hep. 155. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in montibus Chimborazo et Azuay, ad arborum 
ramos. Ins. Guadalupa, in cortice (PERROTET). 

F 16x10 (x1:3, spints inclusis); ¢ ds; f'* °75x10; br 21x20; 
br? 1X 15 3 per 45x 2°3™™. 

Tenuis, laxe stratificata, rufo-badia. Caules 2-8-pollicares flexuosi 
paralleli parum ramosi. 

Folia opposita, contigua vel subimbricata, fere plana, ovato-oblongove- 
triangularia, apice subangusto truncato-2-3-ciliata, caetero margine 
fere toto—vel antico (recto) solum supra medium—ciliata, ciliis 
omnibus 8-10; cellulee majusculee subeequilateree, ad angulos paulo 
incrassatee, endochromio annulum tenuem constante. 

Foliola foliis fere eequilata, duplo breviora, utrinque folio connata, sub- 
dissita, subrotunda, ab apice ultra medium ciliatim fissa, ciliis 6-8, 
subulato-setaceis, 2 mediis suberectis, ceeteris patulis. 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales, innovatione nulla suffulti. Bracteze foliis 
majores recurvee, late oblique ovato-oblong toto margine spinoso- 
ciliatee ; bracteola brevior oblonga (spinis exclusis), ultra dimidium 
4-fida, laciniis lateralibus angustioribus divaricatis, toto margine 
distanter spinosa, basi cum altera bractea breviter connata. 

Perianthia altiuscule emersa, bracteas plus duplo superantia, ovata 
turgida, obscurissime trigona exalata, ore subconstricto brevissime 
3-labiata, labiis spinoso-laciniatis. 

Cum descriptione figuraque Montagnei bene quadrat, unica differentia 

perianthio exalato; quum tamen eandem variationem in L. columbica, L. 

bidentata etc. videamus, pro specifica haud habenda est. 


15. LopHOCcOLEA POLYCHA&TA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad fluvium Pastasa superiorem, locis Antombos, 
Mapoto, aliisque sylvee Canelos, ubi ad saxa umbrosa humida 
cespites latos depressos format. 


Fo15x1°5; cee ff 1:01:25; br. mt. 25x25; per 4x 3mm, 


25 


Caules 1-2-pollicares, suberecti, subsimplices vel parce ramosi, ope 


LOPHOCOLFA. 437 


radicellarum e foliolorum basi postica exeuntium in czespitem 
densum arcte adherentes. 

Folia badia tenuia arctissime imbricata, opposita, basi prelata recta 
diagonali cauli inserta, patentia, triangularia, margine autico recto 
integerrima, postico subrecto vel vix rotundato valde sinuato-crispa 
profunde 6-8-spinosa, spinis tenui-cuspidatis, seepe divergentibus 
hamatisve, haud raro iterum spinulosis, apice truncato- Dispinosa 
(ad speciem cornuta); cellulee majuscule equilaterze, pariete valde 
incrassato, trigonis maximis, endochromio parco seepius annulari. 

Foliola foliis paulo minora, subreniformia, basi decurrente plerumque 
utroque latere foliis connata, toto ambitu sinuato- crispa, 5-fida, 
laciniis  pinnatifido-spinosis, spinis utrinque 3-5-nis recurvo- 
canaliculatis. 

Flores dioici: 2 terminales. Bractez subtrijuge, foliis vix duplo 
longiores, basi per paria connate liberzeve, subsquarrose, toto margine 
spinosee, spinis recurvo-canaliculatis implexis, cellulis inferioribus 
magnis (;4™™ longis) oblongo-hexagonis ; bracteole foliolis duplo 
majores subconformes, laciniis spinisque canaliculatis tortis im- 
plexisque armate. 

Perianthia emersa cyathiformia 4™™ longa, 7$™™ circumferentia, pris- 
matica, ore truncato-triloba, lobis spinosis, facie externa alis cristisve 
sub 12 (quarum 3 totam perianthii longitudinem percurrunt, caeterae 
paulo supra basin desinunt) flextioso- -spinosis ornata. Calyptra 
libera, apice irregulariter rupta. Pedicellus validus. Capsula ete. 
haud visa. 

Stirps inter congeneres distinctissima, Jungermaniam barbatam primo 
visu referens. 


16. LOPHOCOLEA THRAUSTA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in rupibus ad pontem Agoydn, muscis immixta. 
? 
F 20x15; ¢dp-sh3 fi V1 x 15™, 
iridis, ceespitosa ; caules suberecti parum ramosi n quam 
Viridis, t les suberecti osi, ramis nonnunqv 
fasciculatis 3—4-nis. 
Folia fragillima, opposita, subimbricata, patula, undulato-crispa semiovato- 
reularia, apice arginato-bispinosa, margi o ine 
triapeularia, apice em to-bi , Margine antico imermia, 
postico bispinosa, spinis dissitis basi latis ; cellulze subeequilaterze sub- 
opacee, vix incrassatee, endochromio sparso g eranulato. 
ola cum foliis utrinque connata, duplo iora n F 
Foliola cum foliis utring ta, dupl brevior , cum spinis latiora 
quam longa, ad medium sub 6-fida, laciniis subulatis acuminatis 
inter se divergentibus. 
E specimine incompleto L. polychzetse affinis videretur, 


17. LopHOCOLEA MURICATA, Nees? 
Lehm. in Linnea, IV: G. L. et N. Syn. Hep.?—Lophocolea pilosa, 
Spruce Mst. 
Ween 6 wy, ff 2X1, 25x 125); br -6 x35, br® “bx -2b. mer 
iD ee sae 
Hab. In M. Campana Andium Peruvige in arboris cortice vivo. Ad 


Caput Bone Spei (EcKLon). Mexico (LigBMANN). Novo-Zelandia 
et Tasmania (J. D. Hooker). 


Minuta albescens in plagas circumscriptas tenues effusa; caules breves 
TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. z.0 


438 LoPHOCOLEA. 


repentes foliosi, ramos assurgentes 5™™ longos pro more paucifolios 
edentes. 

Folia opposita antice posticeque (foliolo mediante) connata, semiverticalia 
subimbricata, recurvo-patula oblongo-rhomboidea vel fere rectangu- 
laria, ad 4-} acute bitida, segmentis acutis sepe conniventibus, 
margine toto crebre implexe ciliata, facie superiore, apicem mar- 
ginemque anticum versus preecipue, papillis piliformibus 2-5-articu- 
latis obsessa; cellulee parvee pellucide, inferiores rectangulari-6- 
gone, subapicales subrhombe, angulis haud incrassate, granis 
chlorophylli paucis rotundis oblongisve continentes, pleraeque 
superne in pilum productie. 

Foliola subdissita recurvula foliis duplo breviora, fl. Q versus sensim 
majora, ligulato-oblonga, ad medium bifida, segmentis erectis acutis, 
ciliata, epapillosa, basi utrinque foliis connata. 

Fl. monoici: Q terminales, innovatione nulla suffulti ; bractez foliis $ 
majores ligulato-oblongze, subobliquee, recurvee, apice bifidee ; brac- 
teola paulo minor appressa ovali-ligulata ad medium bifida, ciliata. 

Perianthia foliis fere 4plo longiora ovali-cylindrica subclavata a latere 
compressa, juvenilia obscure trigona, adulta compresso-teretia, pilo- 
sissima, ore subconstricto (vix plicato) vix ad f usque 3-labiata, labiis 
bifidis conniventibus ciliatis. 

Amenta ¢ ramum foliosum terminantia longispica ; bracteze sub 10-juge, 
foliis sensim minores, julaceo-imbricatee, basi incurvo-concavee, apice 
recurvo bifidee, margine ciliate, alternee, a bracteolis sublbere, 
monandre. 

L. muricata in Syn. Hep. descripta est foliolis papillosis et perianthiis 
ovatis plicatis ; ceeterum a nostra vix separanda. Omnino eadem vide- 
retur L. horridula Sande-Lacoste in ‘* Hep. Javanice.” 


18. LopHocoLEA LIEBMANNIANA, Gottsche. 
Mexik. Leverm. 113, t. 18; var. LEIANTHA, Spruce. 

BF 5x °35, 55 x 35; ¢ aoa; f@ °15; br 1:0; br’ 65x 35; per 20x “75, 
21x gem, 

Hab. Ad fl. Aripecura (fl. Amazonum trib.), in trunco vetusto ; etiam in 
Andibus inferioribus juxta Tarapoto. In Mexico invenit LIEBMANN. 

Minuta, albescens ; caules j-pollicares vage subramosi repentes, rami ? 
assurgentes paucifolii, steriles masculique magis elongati prostrati 
arcuantesve. 

Folia alterna subimbricata, patulo-decurvula, basi fere longitudinali 
inserta, fl. Q versus tamen subopposita magis obliqua v. fere verti- 
calia, suboblique rectangulari-oblonga, apice breviter (vix ad }) sub- 
acute bitida, sezgmentis triangularibus acutis. Margine toto fere vel 
saltem a medio ad apicem usque argute inzequaliter ciliolato-serru- 
lata; cellulee parvee subeequilateree subleptodermes, angulis solum 
paululum incrassaize, intus rotundo-4—6-gone, granis chlorophyll 
sat magnis in annulum plus minus coacervatis. 

Foliola canle haud latiora, foliis 3-4-plo breviora, ad basin usque bipar- 
tita, cruribus suberectis subulato-setaceis basi 2c. latis, integerrima, 
libera. 

FP]. monoici et dioici: 9 in ramo brevi paucifolio terminales, innovatione 
nulla; bracteze intime foliis suabduplo majores recurvo-canaliculatee 
paulo magis serrate ; bracteola minor (=br. #) lanceolato-oblonga 
ultra medium bifida subserrata. 


LOPHOCOLEA. 439 


Perianthia pro plantula mawima, foliis c. 4plo longiora, anguste obconica 
v. potius tubzformia, trigona, angulo antico anguste serrato-alato, 
laterali altero ala angust4 subserraté versus medium desinente per- 
curso, altero omnino exalato, demum fere teretia, ore dilatato 
breviter 3-labiata, labiis apice bilobis, margine sinuato-crispis ser- 
ratisque. 

Amenta ¢ (sepe in pl. propria tenuiore longioreque) ramum terminantia ; 
bractez foliis sensim minores sub 10-jugee alternie, conferte, basi 
lobulo turgido unidentato, antheridium solitarium magnum fovente, 
aucte, apice brevi recurvo bidentato vix serrulate. 

L. spinosa G., sterilis solum nota (ex ins. Hawai?) probabiliter dioica est, 
itaque a nostra sat diversa. 

Var. FIMBRIOLATA S. Folia ciliolata, ciliis 3-4c. longis. Floresc. semper 
monoica. Bractea intima sepe prelonga, dimidium perianthium 
excedens, ligulato-rectangularis, apice bifida, sinu triangulari, lobulis 
spinoso-acutis subdivergentibus. Perianthia perfecte levia, idem ac 
in stirpe Amazoniensi ; in typo autem Mexicano tuberculis sparsa 
videntur.— Tarapoto, in trunco carioso. 


LOPHOCOLEA TENERRIMA, Spruce. 
Clasmatocolea tenerrima nobis in Mst. olim. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in M. Pichincha, alt. 3000-8700", ad terram secus 
rivulos, sociis J. J. hyalina var. et subinflata. 

F°8x°6,°6x°5, °4x°33 ¢ Aya; £425 br 25 5 per (juv.) 20x12; 
caps “5™™. 

Pusilla }-pollicaris pallide viridis, czespitosa. Caules basi subramosi, 
ramis sterilibus arcuato-radicantibus, fertilibus brevissimis erectis. 

Folia assurgenti-secunda, alterna, subimbricata, rotundo-quadrata-rhom- 
beave, ad medium fere biloba, lobis acuminatis, toto margine parce 
spinuloso lacinulatove ; superiora (fl. @ versus) 4-loba, lobis mediis 
bifidis, laciniis omnibus subulatis ; cellule parvule hexagone, in- 
feriores subelongate, tenues, fere vacue. Folia ramorum sterilium 
minora, rhomboidea, apice 2—4-fida, ceeterum subintegerrima. 

Foliola foliis duplo breviora, caule subangustiora, ligulata, ad medium 
bifida, laciniis subulatis erectis ; superiora ramorum @ fperpaulo 
majora, basi hine v. utrinque unispina. 

Flores dioici: @ terminales, sine innovatione. Bractee foliis 3plo 
majores subrotund cochleato-concavee, apice inequaliter laciniate, 
exetero margine denticulate ; bracteola bracteis brevior, longe angus- 
tior, lanceolato-ligulata, ad medium biloba, lobis erectis acutis, 
spinulosa. 

Perianthia (juniora) immersa, campanulata, obtuse trigona, exalata, ore 
triloba, lobis paucilaciniatis. (Unicum maturum jam semidestructum 
vidi: calyptra tamen relicta, sat brevis, ovalis, crassiuscula, strato 
cellularum unico conflata. Capsula majuscula oblonga. 

This little plant is so disfigured by the apices of the leaves being dis- 
solved into propagula as to be difficult to describe. Its characters are 
somewhat anomalous. ‘The toothed leaves seem to place it near Lopho- 
colea Liebmanniana ; but neither that nor any other Lophocolea has assur- 
gent leaves, which point rather to the union of the species with Clasmato- 
colea. 


440 CLASMATOCOLEA. 


XXII. CLASMATOCOLEA, nov. gen. 

Plante pusille fragiles. Cazlis primarius brevis suberectus den- 
sifolius, e basi radicellosa—interdum etiam sub flore terminali— 
ramos tenues arcuantes parvi-dissitifolios, apice decurvo seepe radi- 
cantes, proferens. ol/a alterna, assurgenti-subsecunda, plana vel 
concava, obovata, rotundata, subtruncata vel retusa ; ramea persepe 
obcordato-etineata. Fol/ola duplo breviora, heteromorpha, pleraque 
ovato-lanceolata integra, alia autem (superiora preecipue) bifida. 
Flores divici ; bractee ? foliis majores, parum diversiformes. Per¢- 
anthia pro plantula magna, fragillima, obovata vel subobconica, 
superne obscure (vel vix) trigona, ore hiante breviter 2-4-loba. 
Capsula oblongo-globosa, ceeteraque fere Lophocolee. 

Hab. et Distr. Specierum trium mihi cognitarum due habitant 
Andes Quitenses, ad terram umbrosam in regione superiore sylvatica ; 
tertia, C/. cunetfolia (Hook.) Spruce, hucusque solum sterilis visa, 
in montibus Hibernicis a cl. Dna. Hutchins primum inventa fuit. 


These curious little plants come very near Lophocolea, but are well dis- 
tinguished by the peculiar habit ; the assurgent leaves, with a plane 
antical margin—not convexo-deflexed, with the antical margin decurrent 
and recurved at the base (as in Lophocolea); the biform underleaves, 
mostly entire, but some bifid. The perianth, turgid and indistinctly 
carinate, is so fragile that the slightest touch breaks off the short un- 
equal lobes at the wide mouth.—I cannot doubt that the Irish Jung. 
cuneifolia Hook. Brit. Jung. t. 64, hitherto known only from sterlile 
specimens, is a true Clasmatocolea. Specimens gathered a few years ago 
on Mt. Brandon, by M‘Ardle, are so ike the arcuate barren shoots of Cl. 
fragillima, that until I compared them closely I thought them the same 
species. The Ivish plant (like the Andine) has both entire and bifid under- 
leaves, and was correctly so described by Nees from original specimens 
of Miss Hutchins’, although Hooker’s figure (1. ¢.) and the E. Bot. figure 
(t. 2700) show only bifid underleaves, 


CLASMATOCOLEA FRAGILLIMA, Spruce. 


In monte Tunguragua, inter folia emortua, cum Chetocolea palmata, 
Spruce, alt. circiter 2500™, 

F5x°4; ¢gy—es5 f@ (3°15; br 6; per 1:2 °9™™, 

Pusilla rufo-badia rigidula, fragilis tamen et fere vitrea. Caules semi- 
pollicares basi fasciculato-ramosi ascendentes, prolifero-elongati, 
Innovationibus aliisque ramis apice flexuoso seepe sensim parvifoliis. 

Folia alterna subdissita assurgenti-subsecunda obovato-quadrata cunea- 
tave, apice truncato retusa vel obtuse emarginata ; cellule parve 
eequilaterve valde incrassatee. 

Foliola late patentia, foliis vix duplo breviora—magnitudine autem 
variabilia—ovato-lanceolata acuminata integra, vel profunde bifida, 
hine vel utrinque basin versus dente armata. 


CLASMATOCOLEA. 44] 


Flores dioici: ? terminales, hinc—raro utrinque—innovatione seepe pro- 
lifera suffulti. Bracteze bijugee appresse, foliis latiores, retusee vel 
breviter obtuse 2-3-lobulatz; bracteola foliolis similis, solum latior. 

Perianthia alte emersa crassiuscula fragillima, basi saturatius colorata, 
obovata turgida, a latere parum compressa, vel ecarinata vel carinis 
duabus posticis subapproximatis pereursa, ore lato breviter 2-4-loba 
cito tamen rupta. 


Obs. Rami tenuiores, foliis obcordato-cuneatis et foliolis aliis integris 
aliis bifidis vestiti, Jung. cwnetfolie Hook. valde similes. 


CLASMATOCOLEA HETEROSTIPA, Spruce. (Tab. xx.) 


Hab. \n monte Pichincha, ad semitas umbrosas humidas, Jung. subinflata 
(nobis) consociata, alt. 2700-3400™; planta foem. fertilis. 

6x -5, 5x °35; ¢ eh; f@ 3x1; br* 8x4; per 18x “8mm, 

Pusilla subcaespitosa virescens, siccando badia, pellucida, tenerrima. 
Caules 4—1-pollicares, basi sola ramosi radicellosique, ramis fertilibus 
brevibus erectis, sterilibus longioribus tenuioribus arcuatis prostra- 
tisve, interdum apice radicantibus. 

Folia oblique inserta dissita vel subimbricata assurgenti-secunda, obovato- 
oblonga vel subquadrata, rotundata vel subtruncata, integerrima, 
subplana, caulium fertilium majora subconyolutiva, ramulorum 
parva sepe obcordato-cuneata ; cellule mediocres sequilatero-hexa- 
gone leptodermes pellucide, fere vacuee, marginales quadrate. 

Foliola dissita foliis vix duplo breviora patentia, anguste ovato-lanceolata- 
subulatave, obtusa acutave, vel perseepe (superiora precipue) apice 
angusto acute bidentula bifidulave. 

Flores dioici: foem. terminales, innovatione nulla suffulti. Bractece vix 
ullz nisi folia 2 suprema inter se et a perianthio dissita, ceteris 
paulo majora rotundioraque, interdum retusa; bracteola libera 
foliolis inferioribus plus duplo longior ovali-lanceolata obtusata 
bidentulave. 

Perianthia magna, folia triplo superantia, frag‘llima, clavato-campanulata, 
a latere compressula, ecarinata, solum apicem versus obscure tripli- 
cata, ore truncato hiante breviter 3-(4-) loba, lobis inaequalibus 
rotundatis—postico rarius acuminato—undulatis, sepe incurvis, 
interdum apice bidentatis, cito disruptis. Calyptra sat brevior 
anguste pyriformis tenuissima, Capsula breviter exserta parvula 
oblongo-globosa. 


Obs. Jungermania subintegra Tayl. est Lejeunea subintegra Gottsche in 
Syn. Hep. 376, cujus stipulee foliis majores sunt, ovate, apice rima vix 
perceptibili fissee ; mihi autem adsunt specimina sub nom. “J. subin- 
tegra,” e manu cl. Hookeri fil., in Insulis Falklandicis ab ipso lecta, quee 
exacte fere cum Clasmatocolea heterostipa nostra, habitu, colore, foliis, ete. 
conveniunt. Plant sunt mascule, elongate ceespitosee, subinde ramum 
unum alterumve (semper posticum) proferentes. Folia magis ovato- 
rotunda, subinde retusula, superiora tamen haud raro subquadrata. 
Foliola iis nostra plant simillima, apiceque eodem modo varia. An- 
dreecia medio caule posita; bracteze plurijugze, foliis consecutive, sub- 
minores, convolutivo-imbricate, basi antica lobulo incurvo inflato 
unidentato aucte. Antheridium unicum (solitarium?) inveni, ceteris 
bracteis jam vacuis. 


442 CHILOSCYPHUS. 


XXIII. CHILOSCYPHUS, Corda. 


In Opiz. Beitr. (1829); Dum. Sylloge Jung. (1831). 

Genus quoad organa vegetativa Lophocolew omnino fere conforme ; 
folia autem rarius apice bifida, plerumque rotundata integerrimaque, 
vel truncata et 2-3-spina. Foliola sepe ad Lophocolee instar 
laciniata, in aliis speciebus autem orbiculata reniformiave, margine 
dentata, apice vix bifila. Rami folios’ perseepe ex angulo postico 
foliorum lateralium oriundi, idem ac in Lophocolea ; feminei autem 
constanter postic?, foliolis axillares, brevissima atque simplicissime. 
Bractew 1-2-jugee, exteriores minute, interiores semper foliis sat 
minores, vario modo fisse. Pistellidia 5-30, sterilia libera. Perz- 
anthium parvum, obconicum vel campanulatum, solum superne 
trigonum, nunquam alatum, ore trilobum, lobis plerumque spinosis, 
postico sxpe bifido. Calyptra carnosa, inferne 4—8-strata, aut 
subglobosa et perianthio inclusa, aut clavata et alteemersa, Capsula 
in pedicello longo exserta, oblongo-globosa, sub 4-strata, 4-valvis. 
Andrecia iis Lophocolee subconformia ; in speciebus oppositifoltis 
semper amentis posticis minutifoliis constantia; in alternifoliis 
autem—se. in Ch. polyantho et ejus var. pallescente—caulis ramive 
partem mediam vel apicalem sistunt; bractee ¢ foliis consecutive 
et vix breviores, basi antica lobulo antheridium magnum velante 
auctze. 

Hab. et Distr.—In zona temperata australi, necnon in terris calidis 
Capricorni tropici vicinis majore copia crescunt Chiloseyphi ; in 
zona temperata boreali paucas species cognovimus ; in America sub 
Equatore speciem solitariam in Andium devexis orientalibus invenire 
potui. In terra rupibusque humidis et ad arborum truncos vetustos 
vigere solent. 


1, CHILOSCYPHUS POLYPLEPHARIS, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in spelunca ad Antombos (alt. 1500™); var. 6 ad 
arborum truncos cum Plagiochilis in monte Tunguragua, et in 
scopulis humidis montis Pichincha, alt. 2700™™. 

F15x°8, e973 f% °8x°8; br 1:25; br’ 16x°8; per 25x 1-0™™. 

Tenuis flaccida albido-flavicans depresso-ccespitosa. Caules prostrati ramos 
paucos 1—14 poll. longos ascendentes simplices, vel ramulis ¢ et ? 
pinnulatos, proferentes. 

Folia opposita subimbricata subplana, vel margine recurvula, caulina 
subtriangulari-ovata, ramea ovato-oblonga, apice truncato 1—3- 
cuspidata, a medio ad apicem spinoso-ciliata, ciliis omnibus sub 8, 
plerumque rectis ; cellule majuscule subcequilatercee leptodermes, 
endochromio annulari opaco excepto, pellucida. 

Foliola foliis duplo minora subdissita late cuneata, vel cuneato-reni- 


CHILOSCYPHUS. 443 


formia profunde 6—8-fida—quasi primum 4-fida, segmentis pro more 
bifidis—laciniis angustis spineeformibus, 

Flores monoici: % ramo postico brevissimo constantes. Bracteze bijuge, 
exteriores minute anguste, interiores follis sepius subminores 
oblong, toto margine spinosee, tenerve; bracteola longior, oblonga 
ultra medium bifida, segmentis angustis acuminatis squarrose 
spinosis. 

Perianthia foliis vix duplo longiora campanulata compressula exalata, ore 
breviter 3-labiata, labiis bifidis, lobulis ciliatis, ciliis longissimis, 
12-17-cellulas longis, erectis. 

Andrecia tenuia amentiformia, foliolis axillaria, foliis contigua et 
parallela, iisdem subsequilonga ; bractezee ad 10-jugee julaceo- 
imbricatee, vix confertee, oblougee, canaliculato-concave, apice digi- 
tatim ciliato-fidee, monandre; bracteols ovales, apice ciliate. 

Var. 8 speciosa 8, 

F 27x20, cilia 15, cellule 3; f 18x18; br 3:0x2'3; br 19x19; 
per 40x30; amenta g 1:0, br g 6-8™, 

Major; caules 2-3-pollicares. Folia duplo fere majora, latiora, toto 
margine, basi antica excepta, spinoso-ciliata, cillis sub 1&, ad 10 
cellulas longis, varie hamatis. Foliola magna, foliis solum dimidio 
breviora, toto margine Jongiciliata, ciliis 12-15. Amenta sepe 
opposita, singula binave ex utroque foliolianguloorta. —Diversaspecies 
videretur, cum typo autem sedulo comparata, ab eodem haud sepa- 
randa.—Planta Pichinchensis foliola habet preelata (1-0 x 1°5™™). 

Obs. The two male catkins, standing one on each side of an underleaf— 
more rarely four catkins, two on each side—with a vacant middle space 

(as it were for the reception of a female flower, which is obsolete) suggest 

an analogy with Kantva. 


XXIV. LEIOSCYPHUS, Mitt. 


In Hook. Antarct. Voy. P. 2, p. 134 (1853). Leptoscyphus 
ejusd. in Hook. Journ. Bot. ILL, p. 358 (1851). 


Plante pro more elatiuscul, late depresso-ceespitosze, radicellose, 
parum ramose ; rami postici, foliolis axillares ; innovationes autem 
postice et laterales. Folia succuba opposita, basi antic&é contrariis 
contigua, posticé, mediante foliolo, in verticillum trifoliatum connata, 
oblique oblonga rotundave, subdimidiata, apice rotundata retusave, 
rarissime subbifida, margine sepius integerrimo, antico recurvulo 
decurrente. Cellule parvulz vel mediocres, pariete ad angulos valde 
incrassato. ol/ola ubique presentia, foliis subduplo breviora, 
biloba vel bipartita, laciniis acuminatis ; utroque margine inferne 
1-3-spina vel integerrima. lures dioici: 2 in caule, raro etiam in 
ramis terminales, innovationibus tenuibus, seepe binis vel quaternis, 
posticis vel lateralibus, suffulti. Bractee unijuge, foliis subcon- 
formes, paulo latiores magisque armate. P/stillidia 12-16. Peri- 
anthium liberum, a latere compressum, oblongum, ad apicem fere 
usque xquilatum, vel superne paulo latius, inferne turgidiusculum, 


444 LEIOSCYPHUS. 


ore complanatum truncato-bilabiatum integerrimum vel incisulum, 
omnino eplicatum, rarissime (facie tertid posticd perangusta adjecta) 
obtuse trigonum. Calyptra pyriformis, basi pistillidiis sterilibus 
obsita. Caupsula altiuscule pedicellata, oblonga, 4-valvis (perfecta 
haud visa). laferes dispiri. Andrecia in caule ramove apicalia 
mediave, spicata; bractee sub 10-jugze, lobulo antico incurvo aucte, 
monandre. 

Hab, et Distr. Leioscyphi in montibus tropicis et australioribus 
haud infrequentes, in temperatis borealibus nondum (quantum scio) 
inventi fuerunt. In Andibus sylvaticis 4 species, ad terram inter 
folia emortua,, ad saxa humectata, raro ad truncos vetustos legi. 
Quintam speciem, a me prietervisam, legit amicus JAMESON. 


There can be no question of the close affinity of this genus to Lophocolea, 
especially to the opposite-leaved species. ‘The flattened, ancipitous 
perianth of Lezoseyphus is an essential distinction, except when (as 
happens occasionally in certain species) a narrow postical face is super- 
added, making the perianth obtusely trigonous, and thus far assimilating 
it to the perianth of Lophocolea, whose deeply 3-lobed mouth, with each 
lobe bifid and often laciniate, however, is widely different from the 
truncate and entire, or very slightly cut, mouth of the perianth of 
Leioscyphus. The ramification affords an additional distinction, for the 
branches of Leioseyphus are normally postical, rarely springing from mid- 
axil of an underleaf, but towards one angle of it ; and sometimes a pair 
arise from the same axil, diverging to opposite sides of the stem, then 
assurgent. The subfloral branches, or innovations, however, spring 
occasionally from the lower axillary angle of a side-leaf, or bract ; and 
there are instances of four collateral innovations, two from the axil of the 
underleaf, or bracteole, and one from the axil of each of the lateral bracts. 
—Southbya, nobis in Ann. Nat. Hist. 1849, the nearest ally of Lezoscyphus, 
differs by its humble stature; creeping stem, with numerous long 
radicles; underleaves in the typical species none, where present minute 
and either simple or bifid; but especially by the 9 bracts being adnate 
to the shortly-emersed ancipitous bilabiate perianth. Apotomanthus n. 
gen., to be described below, differs from Southbya mainly in its trigonous 
perianth. 


1. L. Liehmannianus. Elata. F. late oblique semicordato-ovata, rotundata. 
F'@ duplo breviora ovato-rotunda ad 4 bifida, laciniis a basi lata 
tenniacuminatis, basin versus utrinque sub 3-spina. Br. oblate, 
ceeterum foliis conformes ; br! oblonga, profunde bifida, juxta simum 
unispina, margine externo utrinque spinis longis sub 5 armata. 
Per. oblongo-cylindracea, compressa, ore truncato integerrima. 

2. L. Chamissonis. Humilis. F. late obovato-oblonga, rotundata, retusa 
vel bifidula. IF! duplo breviora ovato-lanceolata ad 4 bifida, integer- 
rima vel basi unidentata. Br' ovali-rotunda crispata brevissime 
bifida, infra apicem in angulum lobulumve externe prominula. 
Per. campanulata oblonga, compressa, ore in lobulos 5 obtusos 
crispatos incisa, 

3. L. schizostomus. Mediocris. F. dimidiato-ovalia rotundata. F!* sursum 
crescentia, inferiora foliis sub 4plo, superiora vix 2plo minora, 


LEILOSCYPHUS. 445 


lineari-oblonga, ultra 4 bifida, prope basin utrinque spina divergente 
armata. Br'* bis bifida, ceeterum foliolis conformis. Per. campanu- 
lata, compressa, ore truncato sinuoso-incisa. 

4. I. obcordatus. Mediocris. F. subsemicordato-quadrata, apice lato 
oblique emarginata obcordatave. F'" vix duplo minora bipartita 
laciniis subulatis tenuiacuminatis, utrinque basin versus bispinosa. 

5. L. fragilifolia. Elata fragillima. F. magna, minus exacte opposita 
oblique orbiculata concavissima. F!* paulo breviora, late cuneata 
profunde bifida, segmentis subbifidis. 


1. LeroscypHus LIEBMANNIANUS (L. et G.). 


Jungermania L., Lindenb. et G. Syn. Hep. 668; Gottsche Hep. Mexie. 
122. 

Hab. In M. Tunguragua, ubi alt. 2400-3000" sub Ericearum umbra 
pulchre viget; necnon in M. Pichincha. In Mexico legit LinpMann. 

F 1:0x°9, °75 x 62; ¢ ays 3 ft 55 x °4, 45x °4, Bx 255 per 2x 1-25; 
br’ 1-05 x “4 (vel x 1-0, spinis inclusis) ™™. 

Elata, late czespitosa rufescens. Caules 2-3-pollicares, erecti radicellisque 
suis intexti, v. prostrati, parum ramosi ; rami innovationesque (sub- 
florales) postici subparalleli. 

Folia subimbricata assurgenti-subsecunda, opposita, laté basi diagonali 
inserta, antice vix decurrenti-connata, postice foliolo mediante 
plerumque coalita, obliqua v. subdimidiata, late semicordato-ovata 
rotundata, integerrima, margine supero juxta basin recurvula ; cellule 
parvule equilatere, trigonis conspicuis incrassatee, pellucidee. 

Foliola subduplo breviora ovato-rotunda ad medium bifida, laciniis a 
basi lata tenui-acuminatis, margine inferiore utrinque sub 3-spina, 
spinis hamatis. 

Flores dioici: 2 terminales, innovatione unica, v. 2 oppositis, suffulti. 
Bractez 1-jugze, latiores quam long, et vix aliter a foliis diverse ; 
bracteola foliolis mediis duplo longior, oblonga, profunde bifida, 
segmentis tenui-subulatis, intus juxta sinum unispinis, margine 
utroque externo infra sinum 5-spinosa, spinis prelongis hamato- 
decurvis. 

Perianthia foliis duplo longiora, oblongo-cylindracea compressa ore 
deflexo fere recte v. subundulato-truncata, ancipita, ab apice utrinque 
brevi spatio fissa. 

Planta ¢ tenuior magis ramosa. Amenta ramum brevem ex parte 
tenentia, foliis normalibus paucis basi apiceque aucta ; bracteze ad 
10-jugee, foliis minores, arcte imbricatie, a basi ad medium complicato- 
lobulatz, lobulo turgido margine inflexo bidenticulato antheridium 
unicum magnum amplectente. : 


2. LitoscypHus CHAmISSONIS (L. et L.). 


Jungermania Ch. Lehm. et L. in Syn. Hep. 668. 

Hab. Andes Quitenses, in rivuli Cusatagua saxis prope Ambato. In 
Chili invenit CHAMISSO. 

Fo] x °75, °8x "753 ¢ gy-sl3 f% °35 715; br’* 10°75 5 per 1°8 x 1-Omm, 

Humilis czspitosa virescens, siccando fuscidula. Caules humiles semi- 
pollicares ascendentes radicellosi parum ramosi, aliis ramis parvifoliis. 

Folia subimbricata distiche patula vel assurgenti-secunda, a basi lata 
obliqua (vel inferiorum fere longitudinali) late obovato-oblonga sub- 
rotundave—alia latiora quam longa—apice rotundata sepiusve late 


446 LEIOSCYPHUS. 


retusa, raro breviter bifida, cellulis quadratis marginata; cztere 
cellule parvulee subconformes eequilatero-hexagonz subpellucide. 

Foliola dissita patentia, foliis duplo breviora, ovato-lanceolata, vix ad 
dimidium usque bilida, segmentis subulatis incurvo-conniventibus, 
integerrima vel rarius hine vel utrinque dente suprabasali aucta. 

Flores dioici: 2 terminales, seepius sine innovatione.  Bractez foliis 
longiores subeonformes tlaccidee ; bracteola ovali-rotunda undulato- 
crispa, apice brevissime bilida, infra apicem vel angulata vel utrinque 
parvilobulata, 

Perianthia foliis duplo et ultra longiora, campanulato-oblonga valde 
compressa, ore bilabiata et in lobulos 5 obtusos crispatos fissa. 


3. LEIOSCYPHUS SCHIZOSTOMUS, Spruce. 


Hab. In monte Campana Andium Peruvianorum, supra folia emortua 
repens. 

F 9x °65, 6x4; ¢ 5; f@ ‘25x ‘15, “5x '4; br 110K 105 5 br “8x75; 
per A Ax gun: 

Rufo-badia prostrata; caules 1-2-pollicares flexuosi eequaliter foliosi 
radicellosi, fere simplices v. ramos perpaucos necnon innovationem 
subfloralem posticos (ex angulo—vix ex media axilla—folioli ori- 
undos) edentes. 

Folia contigua vel subimbricata, opposita, angulo axiali 90° divergentia, 
basi breviuscula diagonali inserta, dimidiato-oblonga-ovaliave rotun- 
data repanda, raro oblique retusula, margine antico convexo basin 
versus recurvo-constricta, ceeterum subplana ; cellulz parvulee omnes 
fere equimagnee, subeequilateree, trigonis majusculis, endochromio 
parco, subpellucidee. 

Foliola subcontigua, sursum crescentia, inferiora foliis fere 4plo, superiora 
vix duplo, minora, lineari-oblonga v. cuneata, ultra medium bifida, 
laciniis subulatis acutis suberectis, basin versus utrinque spina laci- 
nulave divergente, foliolorum superiorum longiore inferiorum bre- 
viore obsoletave. 

Flores dioici: Q terminales, innovatione (raro iterum florifera) suffulti. 
sractee foliis majores, oblique subrotundee concavee repande ; brac- 
teola forma foliolorum, subduplo major, laciniis ineequaliter bifidis, 
prope basin utrinque seepius unispina, (Pistillidia fl. juniorum ad 
16 vidi.) 

Perianthia (vix perfecta) parum emersa campanulata vel campanulato- 
oblonga compressa ore truncato sinuoso-incisa-lobulatave. 

L. Liebmannianus folia habet latiora, semicordato-ovata ; foliola laci- 
niis tenui-acuminatis, basi utrinque 3-spinosa; bracteolam utrinque longe 
5-spinam; denique perianthium ore truncato omnino integerrimum. JL, 
Chamissonis foliis latioribus, obovatis vel subrotundis; foliolis et pre- 
cipue bracteola magna brevius bifidis, certe distincta videtur. 


4, LEIOSCYPHUS OBCORDATUS, Spruce. 


Hab. M. Pichincha, ad rupes: planta € sola. 

F10x ‘95; cay; f™ 6x 4mm, 

Rufo-badia procumbens subradicellosa. Caules 1}-pollicares parum 
ramosi. 


LEIOSCYPHUS. 447 


Folia subimbricata opposita, basi antic& subcontigua, posticd, mediante 
foliolo, connata, assurgentia, concava, subquadrata rhombeave, basi 
lata diagonali aflixa; antice subsemicordata leniterque recurvula, 
apice lato plus minus obliquo emarginato-bifidula obcordatave, lobulis 
rotundatis ; cellule subopace, squilaterze, subcontormes, trigonis 
maximis interpositis. 

Foliola vix duplo minora, subimbricata, incurvo-arcuata, profunde bifida 
vel bipartita, laciniis subulatis tenui-acuminatis utrinque basin 
versus subbispinosa, spinis seepe hamatis, haud raro etiam intra 
sinum bispinosa. 

Spicee ¢ juveniles ad ramorum apices adveniunt. 


5. LEIOSCYPHUS FRAGILIFOLIUS (Tayl.!) Mitt. 
Chiloscyphus fragilifolius, Tayl. in Pl. Jameson. (1848); Leptoscyphus fr. 
Mitt. in Hook. Journ. Bot. (1851). 


Hab. Ad arbores secus fluvium Napo (JAMESON et VILLAVICENCIO). 
[Specimina incompleta mihi adsunt. ] 

Elata badia fragillima. Caules 2-pollicares assurgentes subfastigiatim 
ramosi basi radicellosi. 

Folia magna imbricata per paria subecontigua—vix unquam basi connata, 
oblique orbiculata concavissima (externe visa bullato-convexa), basi 
antica subquadrata, postica semicordata ; cellule parvule trigonis 
magnis ad angulos fulcite. 

Foliola breviora, utrinque connata, late cuneata, profunde bifida, laciniis 
iterum bifidis, vel saltem spina magna externe armatis, triangulari- 
bus tenui-acuminatis, margine recurvis. 


XXV. CALYPOGEIA, Raddi. 


Calypogeia, § A Examphigastriate, Raddi in Act. Soc. Se. 
Moden. (1820). Gongylanthus Nees, Hep. Eur. Il. (1836). Gym- 
nanthe Tay]. Mst., pro p., in G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. (1845). Po- 
danthe Tayl. Lond. Journ. Bot. (1846). Lindigia Gottsch. Mex. 
Leverm. t. 20 (1863); Lindigina ejusd. Ann. Sc. Nat. (1864). 
Lethocolea Mitt. in Hook. Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. (1867). 

Plante perpusillz, in cespite depresso intricato crescentes, e toto 
habitu ; caule parum ramoso radicellis crebris repente; foliis suc- 
cubis confertis oppositis, utrinque connatis; florescentia 2 termi- 
nali, innovationibus binis tenuibus stipata, &c., Southbye nostre 
perfecte conformes ; distinguuntur fructu, loco perianthii assurgentis, 
in marsupio pendulo subterraneo incluso. Caules crassi, fragiles. 
Folia tenerrima, basi przlata diagonali inserta, oblique ovato-orbi- 
culata-oblongave, integerrima vel apice lato erosula incisulave. 
Foliola in plurimis nulla. Flores dioici. Involucrum e bracteis 
minutis pro more triseriatis, laciniatis, in annulos 3 connatis—sub- 
inde ad cilia redactis—demum marsupii os obvelantibus, constans. 
Pistillidia sub 12. Marsupium eylindricum pluristratum, intra 


448 CALYPOGEIA. 


orificium papillis internis articulatis fere clausum. Culyptra per- 
fecie libera, angusta, basi pistillidiis sterilibus obsita. Capsula... 
Andrecia caulem g totum sistentia; bracteee plurijuge, turgide, 
1—2-andre. 

Hab. et Distr. Species 12 vel plures hodie cognite habitant: 2 in 
Europa australi, ceetere in terris tropicis et austrinis; in Andibus 
2 species legi. In terra saxisque subhumidis umbrosis crescunt. 


CALYPOGEIA ONISCOIDES, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ubi in umbrosis montis Guayrapata supra terram 
et muscos adrepit, alt. 2700-3000". 

F 15x16, 15x13, f. ramea 9x‘9, *8x°9, ¢ posh 5 Marsupium 18x 
()gmm_ 

Pusilla albicans tenerrima depresso-ceespitosa. Caules }-pollicares prelati 
carnosi, radicellis crebris longissimis sordide albidis subtus villosi, 
apice solo assurgentes subarhizi, simplices vel subramosi, ramis seepe 
brevibus cemmiformibus. 

Folia pro plantula magna, confertissima, opposita, utrinque connata, 
longe oblique inserta, assurgenti-conniventia, late ovato-orbiculata, 
basi. subcordata exindeque ‘subreniformia, integerrima vel (termi- 
nalia preecipue) margine scarioso erosa ; cellule leptodermes pellu- 
cide, vel sube ‘onformes vel infra medium solum Zgo—b™™ diametro, 
supra folii medium duplo fere majores et scariosee. Foliola nulla. 

Flores dioici: 2 terminales, innovationibus binis minutis, oppositis vel 
collateralibus suffulti. Bracteze foliis longe minores 3-seriate, in 
conos 3 truncatos arcte imbricatos basique inter se leniter adnatos, 
conniventes ; seriei extime tres, plus minus connate, laterales tri- 
angulari-subulate, media subquadrata bifida; seriei mediz in 
annulum altiusculum irregulariter fissum connate ; Intimee minores 
teneriores ad basin fere usque in lacinias inzequales, subulatas, cilii- 
formes amorphasve fissie. 

Marsupia pendula (subterranea) cylindracea viridia, siccando badia, car- 
nosa, cellulis 8-10-stratis conflata, extus subpapillosa radicellisque 
setosa, facie interna orificium versus papillis longis articulatis fere 
horizontalibus obsessa. Calyptra perfecte libera, marsupio fere 
zquilonga, tenuis, cellulis unistratis conflata, basi pistillidiis paucis 
circumdata, apice bilabiatim rupta. Marsupia raro vidi binata, 
altero scilicet laterali, innovationis loco. 

Bractee pl. ¢ totam fere caulis longitudinem tenentes, foliis minores 
subconformes, ventricoso-concavie, arcte julaceo-imbricate. Anthe- 
ridia jam decisa non vidi. 

The leaves on each side of the stem arch over towards those of the 
opposite side, and are so densely imbricated as to simulate sheathing 
plates or sci les ; whence the plants resemble woodlice, or other small 
crustaceans, curled up and laid on their backs. 

Gottsche says his Lindigina granatensis has incubous leaves—doubtless 
by mistake, for his LZ. Lichmanniana is figured in Mex. Leverm. t. 20, 
with decidedly succubons leaves, and he considers the two species con- 
geners. The latter differs from my plant in the smaller ovate leaves, 
not arcuato-connivent so as to veil the upper side of the stem. 


CALYPOGEIA. 449 


CALYPOGEIA EUTHEMONA, Spruce. 


Hab. ad aggeres umbrosos, in montis Tunguragua radicibus, juxta pagum 
Baiios, alt. 1800™. 

Caulis sectio 6 x°3;. f 1:°3x°9, 3™™; mvol ‘5™™ latium. 

Pusilla viridis prostrata. Caules }-pollicares, sat lati, compressi, cellulis 
pluristratis conflati, radicellis crebris prelongis arcte adrepentes, 
simplices vel e floris 2 basi postica recte innovando-continui, raro 
ramum unum alterumve proferentes, flagellis nullis. 

Folia tenerrima confertissima, opposita basique antica subconnata, assur- 
gentia, oblique ovato-oblonga, apice recurvulo rotundata rarius retu- 
sula, angulata vel obsolete 2-3-loba ; cellule: mediocres leptodermes 
parum elongate, chlorophyllose, inferiores subposticee majores et 
vacue. 

Involucra 2 (juvenilia) terminalia truncato-conica, bracteis 3-seriatis, 
in annulos 3 angustos imbricatos connatis ; annulus extimus textura 
foliorum, ore repandus integer vel subtrilobus ; 2 interiores breviores 
tenuissimi, ore inequaliter plurifidi lacimative.  Pistillidia 12 
brevia cylindracea, receptaculo convexulo insidentia.—Cztera haud 
visa. 


Caulis infra florem 2 subgibbosus valde radicellosus, itaque in mar- 
supium serius deferri procul dubio videtur.—Lindigina Liebmanniana 
Gottsche, Mex. Leverm. 120 t. 20, differt foliis multo latioribus. In icone 
late ovata depicta sunt, obovata autem in textu descripta. 


XXVI. PLAGIOCHILA, Dum. 


Recueil (1835); Lindenberg, Sp. Hep. (1839-1844); Radule 
subdiv. 3, Plagiochila Dum. Syll. (1831). 

Plante speciose, plerumque elate, interdum pedales, raro pusille, 
cxspitose vel inter muscos reptantes. Caudex validus prostratus, 
subtus radicellis crebris pallidis rufisve matrici adfixus, vage divisus, 
foliis lateralibus brevibus truncatis demum marcescentibus sparse 
vestitus, hic illic caules erectos, assurgentes, horizontales, interdum 
pendulos proferens. Caules validi, rufi vel fere nigri, raro pallidi, 
cellulis angustis pluristratis, exterioribus stratorum 3-5 coloratis, 
internis pallidis, conflati, subzequifoliati vel e foliis inferioribus 
parvis truncis dissitis dendroidei, arhizi vel rarissime ad ramos radi- 
cellosi; plerumque dichotome ramosi, in aliis autem pinnati; rami 
omnes laterales, e folii axilla sepius juxta angulum posticum orti. 
Folia omnium fere magna, interdum maxima (1-8™™ longa) sat lata 
et pro more integra, colore varia, raro rosea, succuba, ad lineam 
anguste parabolicam, antice longius quam postice decurrentem, cauli 
adfixa, distiche patula vel devexo-secunda, in aliis opposita, in aliis 
plurimis alterna, obliqua, spe quasi-dimidiata, axi excentrico 
margini antico multo magis approximato quam postico; apice raro 


450 PLAGIOCHILA. 


acuta, plerumque rotundata vel truncata, valide dentata spinosave, 
raro integerrima vel subbifida; margine antico subrecto vel etiam 
concavo, basi longe decurrente saltem—interdum tota longitudine— 
recurvo revolutove, raro ab ipsa basi dentato ciliatove, plerumque 
solum sub apice paucidenticulato vel integerrimo; postico plus 
minus rotundato—interdum semicirculari—plano, vel in ipsa basi 
late reflexo, tota longitudine, vel tantum superne, dentato-spinoso- 
ciliatove, varissime edentato. Cellule mediocres vel majuscule, 
raro parvee, subsequilatero-hexagonee, vel solum inferiores (axiales 
preecipue) oblong, rarissime omnes elongate, trigonis angularibus 
semper fere sat magnis et conspicuis; cuticula sublevissima. 
Foliola in plerisque nulla, in aliis ad squamulas amorphas inor- 
dinatim sparsas redacta, in aliis autem ubique presentia, parva 
integra vel inzequaliter plurifida, laciniis sepius flexuosis. Flores 
in omnibus speciebus Americanis sub A®quatore vigentibus dioici. 
Andrecia spicata, linearia vel fusiformia, in plerisque Grandifoliis 
composita, flabellulum terminale subdichotome ramosum sistentia, 
bracteis minutis semper fere monandris; in Spinwlosis ceeterisque 
simplicia, terminalia mediave, bracteis parvis 1—2-andris vel majori- 
bus et 83-10-andris. Bractee ¢ plurijugze alterne, julaceo-imbricata, 
transverse, inferne erecte ventricoso-saccatve, utroque margine alte 
super caulem incurrentes ; apice libero erect patuleeve postice paulo 
magis quam antice dilatate. lores 2 vel in caule primario vel in 
ramis terminales, caule in prioribus semper fere iteratim innovato, 
innovationibus vel solitariis, monotropis, vel sepius oppositis, unde 
caulis dichotomus evadit. In posterioribus caulis, antequam in ramu- 
lorum apice flores @ profert, jam sat ramosus, vel pinnatus vel 
dichotomus, postea nunquam, vel semel (rarissime bis) sub floribus 
innovat. Bractew 9 1—4-juge, liberae, foliis majores et latiores, 
margine crebrius armate ; in paucis speciebus null propria, foliis 
supremis a perianthio subdissitis, cawteris conformibus, vix pro brac- 
teis habendis.  Receptaculum alte convexum, pistillidiis numerosis, 
(25-70) ore hiante seepe 3—5-spinosis, onustum, Perianthium pro 
m. emersum, bracteis involucri duobus intimis constans, sibi 
appressis, utroque margine connatis, vel, sutura alterius bractez intra- 
marginali, al& antici (interdum etiam postici) percursum, Peri- 
anthium igitur a latere compressum fit, forma szepe compresso- 
campanulatum, vel longius et obconico-cylindraceum vel clavatum, 
paulo incurvum, ore lato plus minus obliquo, truncato, rotundato, 
vel bilabiato, ad bractearum instar armato; suturis exceptis, ubique 
leptoderme. Fructu crescente (vel antea) basi turgidum, subinde 


PLAGIOCHILA. 451 


obtuse quadrangulum, solum apice compressum evenit ; plicis autem 
(nisi irregularibus in //. bursata et 2 vel 3 aliis) constanter 
orbatum. Foliolum florale posticum angustum interdum adest, vel 
tanquam ala interna intra perianthium adnata, vel utraque valvula 
margine connata, ita ut faciem perianthio tertiam suppetit, ad Lopho- 
colee instar. Calyptra a perianthio libera, duplo vel perpaulo 
brevior, globosa vel ovali-globosa, leptodermis preter ad basin ubi 
in collum breve carnosum, basi pistillidus sterilibus cireumdatum, 
perszepe constricta. Pedicellus validus, sub 10 cellulas diametro, 
ad maturitatem in omnibus fere brevis, perianthio subduplo longior; 
in Pl. aspleni‘oide et perpaucis aliis elongatus, subpollicaris. Capsula 
sat magna, globosa vel ovali-globosa, pachydermis, ad basin usque 
4-valvis, valvulis haud raro bilobis; paries e cellulis 3-8-stratis, 
quarum extimis duplo majoribus cubicis, columnis angularibus 
fulcitis ; interioribus tenuibus opacis fibra semiannulari (interdum 
ex p. obsoleta) farctis. Hlateres dispiri; inveniuntur etiam (in 
capsulz apice precipue) ex parte vel tota longitudine monospizi. 
Spore parve minutzve subleevissime. 

Hab. et Distr. Plantz pre aliis omnibus hepaticis sylvatice, inter 
tropicos et in zona temperata australi frequentes, in boreali rariores. 
In zonis temperatis rupicole et terricolz, in sylvis Amazonicis autem 
et Andinis semper fere arboricole, vel in truncis ramisque vivis, vel 
in prostratis putrescentibus vigentes ; dum paucee species ad rupes, 
vel in ipsa terra inveniuntur. De sua distributione speciali exposi- 
tionem pleniorem sub sectionibus proxime describendis inveneris. 


The species of this fine genus are notable for the presence of a stout 
creeping trunk, or caudex, densely radicellose on the underside, while the 
leafy stems that arise from it are, as a rule, quite rootless, except some- 
times at the very base. The caudex itself puts forth distant leaves, only 
one-third the size of the stem-leaves, attached by a broad base—decurrent 
on the upper side of the stem at an angle of 45°, on the underside shortly 
and narrowly arched—and sometimes reduced to a semilunate rim, but 
more commonly subquadrate, truncate or retuse, in some species rounded, 
and either toothed or entire. In age they usually decay long before the 
rest of the plant ; but sometimes a few such leaves extend also some way 
up the assurgent stems, giving the latter a tree-like aspect, and these 
are more permanent. The caudex is often subramose, in the same 
plane, some of the branches being occasionally rooting flagella. In the 
§ Heteromalle the erect stems put forth similar rooting stolons towards 
the base ; and sometimes leafless—or deciduously leafy—but rarely root- 
ing stolons up to the very top; but in all the other sections such stolons 
are very rarely present. 

The absence of rootlets from the stems and branches, although at first 
sight a constant character, is yet not without exceptions. Pl. tenuis 
Lindenb., in fertile specimens from Guadaloupe which I owe to the 


452 PLAGIOCHILA. 


kindness of M. Husnot, is constantly radicellose. The branches tend to 
become geniculate, and at the geniculations shortish pale radicles are 
developed, sometimes extending nearly to the apex of the branch. The 
Javan Pl. abietina N. puts forth radicles on the decurved attenuated 
apex of certain branches; so does the Nepalian Pl. semidecurrens L. et L. 
In a few species where the ascending apex of the caudex passes insensibly 
into a stem, the radicles may be continued a long way up the latter. In 
the European Pl. interrupta I find a prostrate stem, radicellose and small- 
leaved at the base, for a short distance, then slightly assurgent and 
branched, with the branches usually bare of radicles except when the 
decurving apices bring them into contact with the matrix, when they 
may emit a tuft of radicles. ‘lhe feature is not more marked than in 
Pl. tenuis; and.if, along with the monoicous inflorescence and the some- 
what flatter leaves, it be held sufficient to separate the species from normal 
Plagiochila, it can only be as a subgenus (Pedinophyllum Lindberg), but 
never as a member of the verticillate-leaved Leioscyphus, with which 
some authors have united it. 

Some plants, however, with distinctly rooting stems, which have been 
described as Plagiochilz, are plainly members of other genera. Pl. luxa 
L. et Lindn. Sp. Hep. t. 18, which I have gathered with ¢ flowers in 
the Andes, is a Tylimanthus, allied to T. saccatus (Hook. Muse. Exot. t. 6) 
Mitt.—To the same genus possibly belong Pl. amplexifolia Hpe. and 
Pl. comata, N., known only in a barren state—Pl. variegata Lindenb. Sp. 
Hep. t. 33, is a species of Syzygiella (nob. in Journ, Bot. 1876), allied to 
S. perfoliata (Sw.).* 

The branches of Plagiochile are uniformly lateral, springing from the 
leaf-axils, usually towards their postical angle, but sometimes (especially 
in the pinnately-branched species) adjacent to the middle of their base. 

Gemmz are rarely produced on the leaves of Plagiochile in the 
Amazonian plain and the slopes of the Andes, where there is almost 
perennial moisture ; but when trees and shrubs are cut down for a new 
plantation, and are allowed to lie until dry enough to be burnt, the 
mosses on their trunks and branches—no longer protected from the sun’s 
scorching rays by a leafy canopy—begin to shrivel up. Then the leaves 
of the Plagiochile disintegrate at the margin ; the loosened cells hang 
awhile in little masses, then fall away and are dispersed—some to renew 
their growth as distinct individuals. 

The marginal teeth or cilia, which are so marked a feature of the large 
leaves of Plagiochile, are uniformly acute, ending in a single sharp- 
pointed conical cell; and whenever a blunt tooth is seen it indicates 
either malformation or disease: the latter often induced by unwonted 
drought, or abstraction of essential shade, such as I have just described. 
Thus I am pretty certain that the figure of Pl. swrinamensis Sande-Lac., 
in Hep. Jav. Suppl. t. 20, has been made from a plant picked off a fallen 
tree in some new clearing in Dutch Guiana, which is indicated by the 
ragged edge and broken teeth of the leaves, such as exist in the perfect 
state of no Plagiochila. 

Propagula, in the shape of leaf-suckers—minute branchlets springing 
from the surface of the leaves, and each based on a single cellule—are 
frequent enough, and indicate a degree of moisture suflicient to check 

* Two Javan species, Pl. costata N. Sp. Hep. t. 26, and Pl. ciliolata N. 1. ¢. t. 
30, with large connate ovate ciliated underleaves and trialate perianths, are 
plainly nearer Lophocolea than Plagiochila, and should probably constitute the 
type of a new genus. 


PLAGIOCHILA. 453 


fertilisation and maintain the plants in perpetual sterility. The leaf- 
suckers empty the cell from which they arise, and often several adjacent 
cells, of chlorophyl. When the parent leaf is entirely decayed, the suckers 
that survive start off on a separate existence, and speedily assume the 
normal foliage of the species. Lining the roof of a cavern at the foot of 
the voleano Tunguragua I found a matted growth of leaf-suckers, bearing 
minute bifid or trifid leaves, and differing greatly from those of the parent 
plant, which is what I have called Pl. hypantra n. sp. Pl. macrifolia 
Tayl., in the Cinchona forests on the western slope of Chimborazo, and 
several other species occasionally put forth leaf-suckers. Nor is it only 
in the genus Plagiochila that these structures exist. Forty years ago, in 
the “Phytologist” for February, 1845 (vol. ii. p. 85), I described and 
figured the way Herberta adunca (Dicks.)—then called, but incorrectly, 
Jung. juniperina Sw.—puts forth minute adventitious ramuli from the 
surface of its leaves; and I have since then noted them in nearly every 
genus of hepatice, even in Lejeunea and Frullania. To whatever genus 
the mother-plant belongs, the leaf-suckers have always minute bifid 
leaves, so like those of a Cephalozia or Jungermania, that I suspect several 
supposed “species” of Jungermania, described in books from sterile 
frustula, found “intermixed with” or “growing upon” other and larger 
species, to be in reality mere leaf-suckers of those species. 

The characters of Plagiochila are so marked and peculiar that the 
genus cannot be confounded with any other. The perianth of Letoscyphus 
is similarly flattened at the sides, and truncate at the apex, but the 
opposite leaves are always connate with the large intervening underleaves, 
whereas the opposite-leaved Plagiochile never have any underleaves, 
those organs being confined to a few of the alternate-leaved species. 
Moreover the procumbent stems of Leioscyphus are always conspicuously 
radicellose, and the branches are distinctly postical, axillary to the under- 
leaves.—In the very rare cases where the perianth of Plagiochila becomes 
trigonous, by the addition of a narrow postical face, there are always the 
radicellose stem of Lophocolea, the large and conspicuous underleaves, the 
tristichous involucres of large bifid bracts, and the 3- or 6-lobed mouth 
of the perianth to distinguish the latter genus. 

The arrangement of species propounded by Lindenberg in his admirable 
monograph I have found in practice so intractable that I here propose 
another, which I hope may be found easier to work with, and more 
conformable to nature. With the full description of the genus I have 
already given, and the characters of the sections to follow, the student 
will need no further explanation. Besides the five sections here specified, 
a sixth (of which I found no example in my American travel) would be 
needed to contain a few species, including our Pl. asplenioides, the New- 
Zealand Pl. gigantea, and some others, which have large alternate leaves, 
long tubular perianths, and above all an elongated pedicel, sometimes 
exceeding an inch, whereas in all the other sections the pedicel is 
shortened down to at most twice the length of the perianth. 


Divisio I. CAULIFLORA, 


Caules e caudice prostrato assurgentes, erecti pendulive, 9 vulgo inno- 
vando-ramosi et vix aliter divisi, se. apice florentes et e foliorum involu- 
cralium axillis innovationem hine vel utrinque proferentes, innovationibus 
vel simplicibus vel denuo (sepe iteratim) mnovandis. 

TRANS, BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 3D 


454 PLAGIOCHILA. 


§ 1. SPINULOSZ. 


Species plerzeque statura aspectuque nostrati Pl. spinulose comparabiles, 
paucee pusillee, perpaucee subrobuste, colore e viridi rufescente vel rufo- 
badio. Folia in omnibus fere alterna, in perpaucis subopposita ; aut 
distiche patula aut (etiam in una et eadem specie) recurvo-secunda ; in 
plurimis sat elongata et subdimidiata, 2-4plo longiora quam lata, raro 
latiora ; basi ad speciem subcuneata nunquam recurvo-cristata ; margine 
pro more dentato-spinulosa, rarissime ciliata; cellule plerumque 
mediocres, in aliis speciebus oblong linearesve. oliola adhue solum 
in unica specie (Pl. bursata) observata. Perianthia in plerisque duplo— 
in paucis 3-4plo—longiora quam lata, rarius alata, ore spinosa raro 
ciliata. Andrecia in ramis media terminaliave; bracteis seepe plurijugis 
in aliis speciebus parvis 1-2-andris, in aliis majoribus ad 6-andris. 

Hab. In sytvis planitiei Amazonici et in Andium radicibus plereeque 
species ubique fere sat vulgares super truncos prostratos putrescentesque 
in latas plagas se extendunt, vel ad ramulos vivos muscis immixtze 
erescunt; alize multo rariores ad rupes et arborum truncos in Andium 
media regione sylvatica iInveniuntur. 

Obs. All the species of this section are liable to exchange their green 
for a reddish-brown hue, even when growing, and the latter pervades 
them when dried. The rufous perianth is an almost constant feature. 
A pure roseate colour I have not observed in any species. The fine 
Pl. bursatais notable for its metallic lustre, golden on the eastern, coppery 
on the western side of the Andes; as also for its narrow dicranoid leaves 
and their linear (almost hypnoid) cells, and for the many-leaved capituli- 
form involucres. 


A. Involucrate. Bractee Q 1-4 juge, perianthit basin amplectentes. 


1. Pl. bursata. Caules tenues longissimi innovando-elongati, vix aliter 
ramosi, F, nitida subdissita squarrosa, preelonga et angusta, scalpelli- 
formia, apice acuminato bifida vel 3-4-spina, cellulis linearibus. 
Br. 2-4-jugie ovatee confertee, toto margine subspinosee. Per. vix 
emersa clavato-campanulata turgida subplicata, ore compresso 
spinosa. 

. Pl. Tunguraquensis. Elata, iteratim innovata, plerumque monotropa. 
F. subimbricata, patula vel secunda, semiovata, apice subacuto 
3—5-dentata, cellulis inferioribus elongatis, superioribus magis eequi- 
lateris. Br. 3-jugee, rude subspinosze, foliis majores subconformes. 
Per. vix emersa, late campanulata, antice subalata, ore compresso 
spinosa. 

3. Pl. rutilans. Tenuis subinnovata, ceeterum vix ramosa. F. subimbri- 
cata semiovata, basi antica valide recurva longe decurrentia, margine 
postico supra medium apiceque rotundato longispinulosa.—Var, ? 
wquatorialis, Elongata, interdum ramulis microphyllis  efloriferis 
pinnulata. FF. apice 2-5-fida-spinosave, caeterum subintegerrima. 
Per. ore subrecte truncato spinosa. 


bo 


4. Pl. hypantra. Filiformis vage ramosa, interdum subpinnata. F, 
imbricata patula oblique oblonga, margine postico apicem versus 
apiceque 2-6-dentata; ramulina truncato-bidentata. 

5, Pl. Negrensis. Pusilla, iteratim innovanda, sepius dichotoma. F, 


dissita ligulato-oblonga, apice subtruncato argute 4-spinosa; c¢. 
mediocres. Br. adpresse circumcirca spinoso-dentatee. Per. sub- 
emersa, Gbovato-campanulata exalata, ore rotundato longiciliata. 


PLAGIOCHILA. 455 


6. Pl. Chinantlana. Priori major. F, subopposita subdissita, seepius 
secunda, semiovalia, margine basali utrinque valide recurvo, antico 
sub apice, postico ab ipsa fere basi spinoso-dentata, apice lunato- 
bispinosa, spinis omnibus 20-27. Per. obovato-campanulata, anguste 
alata, ore compresso bilabiato spinoso-ciliata. Br. ¢ hexandre. 

7. Pl. distinctifolia. Robustior, vage vel dichotome ramosa. F. subdis- 
sita patula et secunda semiovato-oblonga, e margine basali utrinque 
recurvo ad speciem cuneato-obovata, margine postico toto fere, antico 
sub apice, 18-25-spinulosa. Per. oblonga exalata, ore compresso 
bilabiato-ciliata. Br. ¢ monandre. 


B. Exinvolucrate. Perianthiwm basi nudum, bracteis propriis nullis. 
* Folia opposita. 


8. Pl. oresitropha. Robustiuscula, seepius iteratiminnovanda. F. densa 
secunda, prelate semiovata cordatave, margine antico revoluto sub- 
denticulata, postico (basi excepta) crebre spinulosa, d. omnibus 
36-40, c. fere majusculis. Per. oblonga exalata, ore compresso trun- 
cato ciliata. 

9. Pl. sylvicultriz. Caules parum ramosi. F. densa seepius secunda, semi- 
ovato-orbiculata, tam lata quam longa, margine antico sub apice, 
postico toto (basi excepta) argute spinoso-denticulata, d. sub 18, cel- 
lulis parvulis. 

** Folia alterna, 


10, Pl. simplex. Pusilla, caudice late repente multicauli. Caules sim- 
plices, furcati, vel superne fasciculato-ramosi. F. subsecunda late 
semiovata rotundata, margine utrinque basi valide recurvo, antice 
sub apice denticulata, postice a basi fere spinulosa, d. 16-22. Br. 
cireumcirea crebre spinulose, pro m. dissitz. Per. obovata, basi 
tetragona, ore compresso bilabiato crebre spinuloso-ciliata, 

11. Pl. gymnocalycina. Elatiuscula monotrope innovanda. F. imbricata 
vel subdissita, late semiovata rotundata, margine antico sub apice, 
postico toto fere argute 10-12-(vel pluri-) spinosa. Per. anguste 
pyriformia exalata, inferne tetragona, apice compresso subbilabiato 
longispina.—Var.? ciliato-dentata. Major, fol. dentibus ciliiformibus. 

12. Pl. chimborazensis, Robusta, ramis longis arcuatis. F. subsecunda 
imbricata, late semiovata sensim subacuminata, margine antico infra 
apicem, postico toto (basi excepta) spinuloso-denticulata, d. 12-24, 
aliis ciliiformibus. Per. .obconico-obovata, anguste semialata, ore 
compresso truncato ciliata. 

13. Pl. macrifolia. Tenuis, vage divisa vel dichotoma, interdum fas- 
ciculato-ramosa. FF. dissita angusta semiovato-lanceolata obtusa 
acutave, in var*. linearia, apice et margine postico breviter spinoso- 
dentata, d. 9-13, interdum ad 2 apicales solos redactis. Per. pra- 
longa et angusta, clavata, exalata, ore compresso subconstricto 
rotundato spinoso-ciliata, 

14. Pl. aerea. 'Tenuissima, monotrope innovanda, F. dissita patula, 
lanceolato-linearive-oblonga, acuta, antice subintegerrima, postice a 
basi fere longispina, spinis sub 8, apicalibus prelongis, Per. parva 
oblonga tetragona, ore compresso longispina. 


3 2. GRANDIFOLIA. 
Caules e caudice prostrato erecti pendulive, inferne simplices vel vage 


456 PLAGIOCHILA. 


subdivisi, apice florente innovandi, seepe dichotomi, haud raro ex in- 
volucro innoyationes 2-6-natas distiche proferentes, ex eo fasciculato- 
dendroideove-ramosi; rami eodem modo innovandi vel simplices. Folia 
magna, 4-7™™ longa, sat lata, in vivo seepius amcene viridia, siccando 
pallida, flavida badiave, neque rufa nec rosea; in speciebus Andinis 
semper opposita, vel saltem per paria approximata, basi postica lata ple- 
rumque semicordata, auricula vel recurvo-cristaté vel appressa, caulem 
et folia contraria imbricante, margine utplurimum longe ciliata spino- 
save, raro solum denticulata, rarissime integerrima ; cellule majuscule, 
in paucis mediocres, rarissime parvule. oliola constanter nulla. Peri- 
anthia semper bracteis involucrata, plerumque insigniter alata. An- 
drecia in plerisque speciebus terminalia, composita, eleganter flabellatim 
dichotoma, ramis tenuibus ubique bracteiferis, bracteis minutis monan- 
dris ; in perpaucis ad plantze ab initio dichotomz ramos apicalia media- 
nave, spicam fusiformem sistentia, bracteis majoribus polyandris (anthe- 
ridiis ad 10). 


Hab. Plantee in genere nobilissime, foliis ad quartam pollicis vel etiam 
ad tertiam partem attingentibus, seepe pulcherrime ciliatis, Andes sylva- 
ticos habitant, majore copia in regione temperata, inter 1500 et 2800 
metr. altitudine, adusque 3400 metra tamen ascendunt; unica specie 
excepta, secus fluminis Orinoco origines inventa, in planitiem nusquam 
descendunt. Loca umbrosissima diligunt, ubi ad arborum  truncos 
ramulosque, necnon sed rarius ad rupes, rarissime sub fruticibus in ipsa 
terra vigent. 


Obs. These fine plants present much uniformity of coloration, being 
when fresh usually of a pleasant green, verging on the one hand to 
yellow, on the other to olive, and are never (not even when dried) either 
rose, or red-brown, or golden; although Pl. conspicua approaches the 
latter tint. 


A. F. cirewmerrea dentata, spinosa, ciliatave, vel solum in ipsa bast 
untegerruma. 


15. Pl. procera. Elata densifolia. F. maxima opaca semicordato-ovata 
rotundata, crebre ciliolata, auricula basali recurva caulem longe 
superante. Per, immersa campanulata compressa spinoso-alata, ore 
bilabiato crebre spinoso-ciliata. Br, g¢ 8-10-andree, sub 10-jugie, 
rami medio apiceve posita. 

16. Pl. Pichinchensis. Elata parce dichotoma. F. maxima subpellucida 
conferta subquarrose patula, late semicordato-ovata, anguste obtusa, 
basin versus utrinque integerrima, caetero margine dentato-ciliata, 
ciliis haud numerosis (20-25), 3-10 ¢. longis, tortellis. Per. immersa 
oblongo-orbiculata bilabiata, labiis semiorbiculatis preelonge pauci- 
ciliatis, hine latissime alata. 

17. Pl. eximia. lata gracilis flaccida, infra fl. 9 terminalem (innovan- 
dum) sat ramosa. I. magna semicordato-ovato-oblonga, auricula 
minore appressa, margine toto crebre spinoso-ciliata, ciliis 4-8 cell. 
longis, cilio auriculari ad 12 ¢. longo. Per. immersa campanulata 
exalata, ore bilabiato ciliata. 

18. Pl. conspicua. Elatiuscula densifolia, inferne subramosa, apice sub- 
divergenti-dichotoma, I. magna semiovato-triangularia, basi sub- 
semicordata, basi ipsaexcepta ubique argute dentato-ciliata, ciliis haud 
numerosis 6-8 ¢, longis ; cellule: medize majusculee. Per, vix emersé 


PLAGIOCHILA. 457 


obovato-campanulata, ore compresso subconvexo longissime ciliata, 
hine vel utrinque latissime ciliato-alata. 

19. Pl. notidophila. Humilis, simplex vel semel innovata. F. mediocria 
semiovato-oblonga subtruncata, cireumcirea crebre spinoso-ciliolata, 
spinis 3-6 c. longis; c. mediocres. Per. immersa campanulata com- 
pressa, ore obliquo spinosissima. 

20. Pl. adiantoides. Mediocris, ex innovationibus iteratim dichotoma 
vel fasciculato-ramosa. “F. sat magna subimbricata semiovato- 
oblonga, basi subsemicordata appressa, basi excepta circumcirca 
longispina, spinis sub 30; c. majuscule. Per. maxima clavato-ob- 
longa compressa, anguste alata, ore bilabiato crebre longissime ciliata. 

21. P. virens.. Humilis tenella, semel bisve furcata. F. magna imbric. 
prelate semiovata rotundata, toto margine (antico medio excepto) 
spinulosa, d. 40-44, parvis; c. majuscule. Per. parum emersa, cam- 
panulata, ore bilabiata crebre (haud longe) ciliata, 

22. Pl. leptophylla. Mediocris, innovando-dichotoma, innovationibus 
seepe fasciculatis, ultimis aspergilliformibus. F. mediocria tenuwia 
prelate semiovata rotundato-truncata, basin versus integerrima, 
cxtero margive spinuloso-dentata, spinulis ineequilongis, apicalibus 
subulato-setaceis. Br. circumcirea laciniato-ciliate, cillis ad 16 ¢. 
longis. Andr. flabellatim dichotoma, br. monandris. 

23. Pl. Pacimonensis. Mediocris, caule (plante ¢) apice flabellatim 
dichotomo. F. mediocria semiovato-oblonga rotundato-truncata, 
margine (basin versus excepto) argute dentata, d. sub 28 late subu- 
latis 3-6 c. longis, basi 2-6 ¢, latis. Br. ¢ monandre. 


B. F. margine antico subintegerrima, postico apiceque pro m. armata. 


24. Pl. cultrifolia. Elata, caule supra medium iteratim 2-3-chotomo. 
F. magna tenera parum imbricata semiovato-triangularia, e basi 
antica longissime decurrente cultriformia, margine postico valide 
dentato-spinosa, spinis sub 20, ad ‘6™™ longis. Per. emersa oblonga 
compressa alata, ore bilabiato longicilata. 

25. Pl. macrotricha. Elatiuscula iteratim dichotoma. F. maxima sub- 
imbricata semiovato-oblonga subfaleata, margine postico apiceque 
spinis dissitis preelongis—aliis ad 10 c. longis—superne capillaceis 
armata. Per. emersa obconico-campanulata alata, ore bilabiato 
longissime ciliata. 

26. Pl. ensiformis. Elata subsimplex (sterilis). F. mediocria imbricata 
subsemicordato-ensiformia, duplo fere longiora quam lata, margine 
postico (auricula appressa excepta) dentato-spinulosa, d. omnibus ad 
20, plerisque parvis, folii apicis truncati autem 3 v. 4 majoribus 
spiniformibus. 

27. Pl. Notarisit. Robusta dichotoma vel fasciculatim innovata. F. 
maxima tenuia imbricata subplana, latissime semicordato-triangu- 
laria obtusata, dimidio supero spinuloso-dentata, d. 8-12. Per. 
emersa laxe bracteata, late campanulata, ore subtruncato longi- 
ciliata, prelate alata. 

28. Pl. Jamesoni. Elata subdichotoma. F. magna tenuia imbricata, 
distiche patula vel secunda, subsemicordato-ovato-oblonga, apice 
prelato rotundato spinulosa repandave, cxtero margine subin- 
tegerrima. Per. subemersa late oblique campanulata, ore compresso 
alte bilabiato minute crebre spinulosa, antice late alata. 

29. Pl. zygophylla. Mediocris dissitifolia subramosa, vix unquam sub 
flore 9 terminali innovata, stolones autem aspergilliformes ex in- 


458 PLAGIOCHILA. 


volucro interdum proferens. F. parvula subhorizontalia, per paria 
breviter connata, late semiovata, apice anguste truncato 0-3-dentata. 
Per. emersa oblonga, ore compresso suboblique truncato crebre 
setosa, utrinque alata. 

30. Pl. fuscolutea. Elata, sterilis seepe simplex, fertilis autem sub flore 
furcata. F. parvula conferta latissime ovata, basi postica valde 
recurvo-cristata, apice rotundata, truncata, retusa vel exciso-bidentata, 
cetero margine subintegerrima, Per. subemersa, late cupulato- 
campanulata, compressa exalata, ore subobliquo undulato-truncato 
integerrima. 


§ 3. HETEROMALLA. 


Cuules innovando-dichotomi (in unica specie pinnati) ramique apice 
plus minus Circinati; in aliis stolones flagelliformes prope basin, vel 
secus totam caulis longitudinem edentes. Folia etiam in vivo raro 
viridia, utplurimum fulva, rufo-badia vel nigricantia, imbricata, seepe 
conferta, recurvo-secunda, rarius fere plano-disticha, alterna, raro per 
paria approximata, in prima cohorte ciliata, in secunda inciso-spinosa ; 
cellule subeequilaterze, in diversis speciebus magnitudine valde diverse. 
Foliola caulina nulla, in perianthiis autem-interdum apparent cristulze 
2 vel 3 posticee, foliolum florale, simplex vel bifidum, sistentes ; cujus 
exempla habemus in Pl. oxyphylla et homochroma. Perianthia plerumque 
campanulata, minus frequenter bilabiata quam in Grandifoliis, Andrecia 
in ramis media terminaliave, anguste fusiformia, bracteis prom. 1-2-andris. 

Hab. Plagiochile quee caracteribus supra expositis inter se congruunt, 
in cohortes duas se dividunt. Prior species complectitur quee foliis haud 
raro explanatis—nec constanter secundis—basi seepe semicordatis, ad 
Grandifolias accedunt. Hee omnes in regione Andium sylvatica superiore 
habitant, inter 2000 et 2800 metra alt. preecipue, nec usquam infra 1500™ 
meipso vise fuerunt. Species secunde cohortis usque ad 1200™ descen- 
dunt et tam alte quam priores super montes ascendunt. Foliis valide 
recurvis, ad speciem rigidis, profunde incisis, colore lurido seepe in nigrum 
vergente, a ceteris congeneribus facile distincte ; caulibus apice insigniter 
circinatis Jamesoniam (inter filices) in mentem referentes. Heteromalle 
omnes minus raro quam czetere congeneres in ipsa terra vigent, sub 
fruticum, Ericearum precipue, umbra et inter folia emortua, sociis 
Jungermaniis, Lophocoleis et Polypodus florentes. 

A. Folia in una et eadem specie nunc decurvo-secunda nune plano-disticha, 
margine ciliata denticulatave. 

31. Pl. heteromalla. Robusta subdichotoma. F. majuscula imbricata 
late semicordata rotundata, circumcirca fere spinulosa, spinulis 
sub 40, basi postica lata recurvo-cristata. Per. maxima oblongo- 
ovalia, ore compresso bilabiata, labiis crebre spinoso-dentatis, antice 
subalata.—Var. latifolia. F. suborbiculata, antice dimidio infero in- 
tegerrima, basi postica appressa. Per. ore longispina, spinis sub- 
ramosis.--Var. densifolia. F. prelate semicordata, margine antico 
subrecta, basi postica recurva. Per. obovata. 

32. Pl. pachyloma. Mediocris subinnovata, ramis apice circinatis. F. 
conferta patula et secunda cordiformia rotundata, margine antico 
parum rotundato rufo-marginato integerrima, postico semiorbi- 
culari longe rufociliata, cellulis parvis. Per. emersa rufa late cam- 
panulata compressa ciliato-alata, ore rotundato-truncato inciso-ciliata. 

-Var., elatior, ramis substrictis, foliis pallidis concoloribus. 


33. 


34, 


35. 


36. 


37. 


38. 


39. 


40. 


41. 


42. 


PLAGIOCHILA. 459 


Pl. oxyphylla. Mediocris di-et tri-chotoma, ramis substrictis. F. 
subimbricata patula subconcoloria, semicordato-ovata apice spinoso- 
acuminata, margine antico recto integerrima, postico dentato- 
ciliata; c. mediocres. Per. vix emersa albida subcupularia, ore 
compresso rotundato crebre dentato-laciniata, antice spinoso-alata, 
postice bicristulata. 

Pl. permista. Mediocris simplex vel inferne pinnulata. F. laxe 
imbricata patula vel secunda late semicordato-triangularia obtusata, 
margine antico integerrima, postico distanter subspinulosa; ¢. par- 
vulz. Per. subemersa a basi cuneata oblonga compressa exalata, 
ore truncato spinulosa. 

Pl. increscentifolia. Humilis simplex vel semel innovando.fureata. 
F. conferta accumbentia devexa, basalia minuta, superiora sensim 
increscentia in bracteas majusculas transeuntia, oblique orbiculata, 
margine antico revoluto subintegerrima, postico inciso-dentata, 
dentibus spinoso-acuminatis retrorsis. Per. maxima emersa cam- 
panulata compressa subalata, ore truncato profunde incisa, 

Pl. homochroma. Mediocris, ramis iteratim dichotomis vel fasci- 
culatis laxifoliis, basi parvifolia. F. superiora sat magna opposita, 
semicordato-orbiculata, basi excepta, circumcirca dentato-ciliolata. 
Per. (juv.) cuneata bilabiata, labiis ciliatis. 

Pl. calomelanos. Elata debilis subsimplex nigrescens. F. maxima 
alterna semicordato-ovato-orbiculata, circumcirea fere crebre minute 
ciliata; c. medize majusculee, submarginales multo minores opaciores. 
Berar ia: 


B. Folia semper valide decurvo-secunda, pro more tnciso-spinosa. 


Pl. stolonifera. Elatiuscula subdichotoma vel fasciculata, stolones sub- 
aphyllos solitarios vel fasciculatos hic illic proferens. F. subimbri- 
cata late semicordato-ovata, margine antico subrevoluto integerrima, 
postico spinulosa ciliatave, spinulis sub 10, cellulis parvulis. Per. 
late campanulata subspinoso-alata, ore compresso subconvexo spinis 
circ. 20 armato. 

Pl. filicaulis. Tenuissima iteratim dichotoma subfastigiata. F. parva 
dissita decurvula late semiovata rotundata, margine antico subin- 
tegerrima, postico inciso-dentata, d. 6-10, c. mediocribus subopacis. 
Br. majores appressee margine toto fere longidentate. Per. cam- 
panulata, ore profunde inciso-spinosa. 

Pl. compressula. Mediocris iteratim dichotoma, basi flagellifera, 
apicibus insigniter circinatis. F. parvula subconferta patulo-recurva, 
cuneato-semiobovata, margine antico recurvo integerrima longissime 
decurrentia, postico profunde inciso-spinosa, spinis 7-12, duabus 
apicalibus preelongis, c. parvis. Br, majores late semicordate, ubique 
spinosee. Per. emersa, cuneato-companulata compressa exalata, ore 
lato rotundato multispina. 

Pl. centrifuga. Subpusilla, simplex bifidave, hic illic flagellifera. F. 
conferta, e basi erecta recurvo-secunda, ovato-orbiculata, margine 
antico valide recurvo integerrima, postico 4-10-spinulosa, apice 
bispinosa ; c. parvule. Br. multo majores plurispine. Per. emersa 
late campanulata compressa alata, ore rotundato-truncato crebre 
spinosa. 

Pl. fragilis. Elatior, iteratim dichotoma, ramis fastigiatis. F. majus- 
cula fragillima densissima secunda late semiovata, margine antico sub- 
revoluto apice bidentata, postico toto spinosa, spinis sub 16; c. parvule. 
Per. alte emersa campanulata exalata, ore compresso crebre spinosa. 


460 PLAGIOCHILA. 


43. Pl. pinnatu. Mediocris pinnata rigidiuscula. F. parva fragillima 
conterta, e basi erecta recurvo-secunda, oblique orbiculata, margine 
postico apiceque dissite spinosa, spinis sub 10; ¢. parve opacze, 
inferiores laxiores pellucide. Per. campanulata, ore laciniata. 


Divisio I]. RAMIFLORA. 


Caules vel iteratim dichotomi vel ex parte dichotomi ex parte pinnatim 
ramosi, raro ab initio 1-3-pinnati; flores ? in ultimis ramulis—rarius 
etiam in ultimis axillis—terminales ; itaque plante bene evolutee frondem 
flabelliformem, ambitu florentem, perseepe simulant. 


§ 4. FRONDESCENTES. 


Caules e caudice in arborum ramulis radicibusque, vel in saxis, longe 
repente erecti horizontalesve ; rami penduli, in planum ramosi, vel pin- 
natim ramosi vel dichotomi. Folia majuscula (2°5-4°5™™ longa) viridia 
flavida roseave, in unica specie insigniter glauca, alterna, haud valde 
conferta vel etiam dissita, raro basi cordata vel in cristam recurva; 
cellule pro more majusculze mediocresve (;};-74™™). 

Hab, Species omnes Americee Alquinoctialis vel riparize vel locorum 
impluviatorum diligentes; quarum 3 in planitie Amazonica, 2 in Andibus 
inferioribus, 4 denique in Andibus sylvaticis superioribus legi. 


A. Pinnate. Ramificatio pinnata, subinde decomposita, ramulis 
ultumis varius furcatis. 

44, Pl. amazonica. Late repens pinnata, colore seepe pulchre roseo. fF, 
magna vix imbricata tenuia, prelate semiovato-oblonga, truncata, 
basi plerumque semicordata recurva, toto margine longiciliata, ciliis 
ad 40. Rami 2 pro m. simplices. Br. margine antico replicate, 
inciso-ciliate. Per. alte emersa, e basi cuneata lineari-oblonga com- 
pressa exalata, ore truncato crebre ciliata. Var.? parvifolia. F. magis 
dissita, inferne utrinque subintegerrima. 

45. Pl. letevirens. Late repens bipinnata virens. F. mediocria, imbri- 
cata late semiovata vel semicircularia, margine basi utrinque valide 
recurvo, antico sub apice (rotundato)—postico toto—spinulosa, 
spinulis 10-12. Per. subemersa cuneato-campanulata, alata, basi 
turgida, ore compressa spinosa.—Var. Peruviana. Rufescens, foliis 
subdissitis siccando lineari-constrictis. 

46, Pl. impluviata. Elata, flabellatim subpinnata. F. mediocria late 
semiovata, margine antico longe decurrente integerrima, postico (basi 
caulem amplexante excepta) apiceque breviter spinulosa, spinulis 
sub 12. Per. emersa prelate campanulata late alata, basi subinflata, 
ore lato compressa crebre spinosa. 

47. Pl. montana. Elata semel—ter pinnata. F. mediocria imbricata 
tenuia semicordato-ovata rotundata, margine antico longe decurrente 
supra medium denticulata, postico (basi subrecurva excepta) 
apiceque spinulosa, d. omnibus sub 20, Per. alte emersa obovato- 
campanulata, late alata, ore lato compresso subrotundato breviuscule 
spinosa. 

48, Pl. flabellifrons, Elata pendula, pinnata vel decomposita. F. caulina 
maxima, ramea sensim minora, imbricata tenuia latissime semicordata 
rotundata, margine antico longe decurrente integerrima, postico 
apiceque spinulosa, spinulis sub 15, auricula basali semicirculari 
caulem late transeunte. Per. ..... 


PLAGIOCHILA, 461 


B. Caules ab initio dichotomt, solum in Pl. dichotoma 
ex parte pinnati. 


49. Pl. longispina. Elata glauco-viridis tenerrima, iteratim acute dicho- 
toma. FF. subimbricata subplana ovato-orbiculata circumcirca crebre 
longiciliata, ciliis ad 16 cell. longis. F!* parva irregulariter plurifida. 
Per. maxima cupulari-campanulata, valde oblata, basi inflata, ore 
rotundato compressa laciniato-ciliata. 

50. Pl. diversifolia. Elata pallide virens iteratim subrecte dichotoma. F. 
subdissita tenuia subconvexa semiovata, apice subtruncato 4-spina, 
margine antico subintegerrima, postico 5-9-ciliata. Ramuli 2 sim- 
plices clavati. Per. late spathulata, alte bilabiata, labiis laciniatis. 

51. Pl. zanthochroma. Tenuis flavida iteratim rectangulo-dichotoma. F. 
imbricata falcato-semiovata, 2-3plo longiora quam lata, recurvo- 
canaliculata (in sicco convoluta), apice subtruncato paucispina, mar- 
gine postico distanter dentato-serrata, d. omnibus 10-12. 

2. Pl. dichotoma. Mediocris flabellatim dichotoma vel ex p. pinnata. 
F. in sicco sublurida dissita, obovato-oblonga, apice rotundato— 
raro etiam margine postico supra medium—subspinulosa, d. 8-16. 
Per. oblongo-campanulata, alata, ore compresso bilabiato spinosa.— 
Var. patentissima, robustior, foliis minus dentatis, per. exalatis.— 
Var. (2) fluitans, caule interdum pedali, iteratim acute dichotomo. 
F. imbricata subrhomboidea integerrima vel solum repanda.—Var. 
rivicola, mascula, laxe pinnata, foliis oblongis apice paucidenticu- 
latis. 


on 
—) 


§ 5. CRISTATA. 


Plante pusillz vel mediocres, in vivo virentes aurezeve, rarissime rosez, 
depresso-ceespitosze, seepe ultra matricem (fruticis ramulum) utrinque hori- 
zontaliter patule. Caules e caudice repente in plerisque iteratim dicho- 
tomi, in paucis ex parte—raro ab initio—pinnatim ramosi, ubique densi- 
eequifoliati, ambitu seepe ditissime floriferi. Folia 2-3™™ (solum in duabus 
speciebus ad 4™™) longa, subduplo longiora quam lata, alterna, confertis- 
sima, semper fere distiche patula, e basi semicordata valde recurvo- 
cristata superne sensim angustata (unde rami cum foliis pulchre pectinati 
eveniunt), margine plus minus dentato-spinosa, raro ciliata; cellule 
omnium fere parvulee obscure, in Pl. thyoide et bryopteroide minores 

gs—s™™). Foliola in aliis preesentia, pro m. minuta, plurifida, in aliis 
omnino nulla vel saltem adventitia. Flores 2 in ramulis ultimis—rarius 
etiam in penultimis—terminales, innovatione suffulti vel perseepe non. 
Bractee 1-2-jugee, raro 3—-4-jugee, appressee, circumcirca armate. Peri- 
anthia obovato-vel oblongo-campanulata, ore laciniata vel longispina. 
Andrecia simpliciter spicata, in ramis terminalia basilariave ; antheridia 
1-4-na. 

Plagiochile § Cristate facie externa, ramis dichotomis pectinatim foliosis, 
et foliis angustis haud raro apice 2-3-dentatis Bazzanias haud male simu- 
lant, quamquam ab illis perianthii fabrica et preecipue foliis succubis 
longissime distant. Grandifolie, foliis basi seepe recurvo-cristatis cum 
Cristatis congruentes, distinct sunt statura elatiore ; caule primario apice 
florente, deinde dichotomo ; foliis oppositis, duplo majoribus, seepe pree- 
latis, haud pectinatim concinnis, cellulis majoribus, ete. 

Hab. In tota planitie Amazonica valde frequentes, in sylvis recentiori- 
bus (caapoetra in Brasilia, rastrojo in Venezuela dictis) preecipue, ubi ad 
arborum et fruticum ramulos, rarius ad truncos, rarissime ad ligna putre- 
scentia vigent. In Andibus ad arbores et saxa multo rariores, nusquam 


462 PLAGIOCHILA. 


supra 1500" alt. mihi obviz fuerunt; ibidem scilicet Grandifoliv regionem 
sylvaticam mediam et superiorem decorare incipiunt. 


A. Ramificatio ab initio dichotoma. 
* Foliola presentia. 


53. Pl. lamellistipula. FElatior parce divergenti-dichotoma, ramis longis 
arcuatis. F. semicordato-acinaciformia apice 3-6-spina, margine 
postico basi breviter 5-8-spina. F!* orbiculari-reniformia plurilaci- 
niata, facie interna lamellis lanceolato-subulatis percursa. Per. obo- 
vato-cuneata, utrinque anguste alata, ore rotundato longispina, 

54. Pl. thysanotis. Mediocris iteratim acute dichotoma, ramis strictis. 
F. semicordato-ovato-oblonga, apice truncato 4-5-spina, margine 
antico sub apice 1-2-dentata, postico spinuloso-serrata (nisi ad 
auriculam basalem ubi ciliata). FF parva 4-5-partita. Br. 2—4- 
juge arcte imbricate undulate. Per. obovato-campanulata sub- 
alata, basi turgida, superne compressa et 4-6-plicata, ore subtruncato 
40-spinosa.— Var. megalostipa, foliis magis dentatis, foliolis magnis 
reniformibus laciniato-ciliatis, ciliis 2 mediis longissimis.—Var. 
Jimbriata, foliis angustioribus preelonge ciliato-spinosis, ciliis auri- 
culee creberrimis hamatis. F!* majuscula ovata profunde pluriciliata, 
ciliis mediis preelongis. 

. Pl. fimbristipula. Mediocris simplex bifidave. F. semicordato-ovato- 
oblonga subfalcata, margine antico integerrima, postico subcrispo 
superne spinoso-dentata, ad auriculam cristata, apice truncato 3-4- 
spina. F! parvula oblata plurilaciniata, laciniis ad 15 ciliiformibus. 
Br. unijugee. Per. campanulata compressa exalata, ore rotundato 
dentato-ciliata. 

56. Pl. hypnoides. Mediocris dichotoma. F. patentia, in sicco sepe 
devexo-secunda, semicordato-ovato-oblonga, apice subtruncato 4—5- 
dentata, margine antico sub apice paucidentata, postico breviter 
dentato-serrata, auricula distanter dentata vel subinermi. F'!* parva 
semilunata plurifida. Br. bijugee laxiuscule, foliis paulo magis 
armatee. Per. oblongo-campanulata peranguste alata inferne quad- 
rangula, ore bilabiato compressa laciniis sub 60 brevibus armata. 

57. Pl. hortorwm. Fusilla tenera flabellatim dichotoma. <A Pl. hypnoide 
differt etiam foliis margine minus argute serratis, ad auriculam 
minorem autem setoso-dentatis ; foliolis vel perseepe nullis vel 
minutis ad basin usque in setas 6-8 partitis ; perianthiis latius et 
spinuloso-alatis ore pluriciliatis. 


on 
or 


** Foliola wulla vel perrara. 


58. Pl. florida. Pusilla tenella pluries dichotoma, in ambitu florentis- 
sima. F. subimbricata patentissima semicordato-ovato-ligulata, 
truncata, margine antico infra apicem, postico toto apiceque argute 
spinosa, spinis 15-20, aliis brevibus alis longioribus subulatis, ad 
auriculam tenuioribus. Br. bijugee valde spinose. Per. campanu- 
lata exalata, inferne turgida, ore compressa spinis magnis paucis 
Me 24) armata. 

Pl. venustula. Pusilla iteratim acute dichotoma. fF. imbricata semi- 
cordato-subscalpelliformia, margine antico sub apice obtuso, postico 
toto apiceque argute spinoso-dentata, d. sub 20, c. mediocribus. Br. 
1-2-jugee magne laxiuscule. Per. campanulata late alata turgida, 
ore parum compresso crebre laciniata. 


59, 


60. 


61. 


62. 


63. 


64, 


66. 


67. 


68. 


69. 


PLAGIOCHILA. 463 


Pl. rlizophila. Elata fastigiatim dichotoma. F. confertissima semi- 
cordato-ovata obtusa, margine antico revoluto distanter denticulata, 
basi longe decurrentia, postico (auricula integerrima excepta) denti- 
culata. 
Pl. disticha. Mediocris dichotoma vel subsimplex. F. parum imbri- 
cata—siccandosubdissita—semicordato-ovato-ligulata subfalcata apice 
truncato dentata, margine postico toto paucidenticulata ad auriculam 
subciliata. Per. (juvenilia) ore laciniata, laciniis paucis brevius- 
culis. 
Pl. depressa. Majuscula flaccida parum dichotoma. F. subplana 
imbricata semicordato-oblonga, apice rotundato-truncato dentato- 
spinosa, margine antico remote spinulosa basi longe arcuato-decur- 
rentia, postico ciliata, ciliis 3-8 c. longis, ad auriculam crebris longi- 
oribus. F! nulla vel rara, ad 3 crura filiformia redacta. 
Pl. hylacetis. Majuscula, caulibus simplicibus furcatisve densifoliis, 
seepe utrinque attenuatis. F. pro more pulchre rosea semicordato- 
ovata, apice rotundato spinosa ; margine antico revoluto basi longe 
decurrente ciliata, medio integerrima, apice subspinulosa : postico 
toto ciliata, ciliis ad auriculam creberrimis 10-12 ¢. longis, d. ciliisque 
omnibus sub 50. 

B. Ramificatio vaga, inter pinnatam et dichotomam ludens. 


Pl. cristata. Elata, ramis flexuosis vel incurvis seepe apice flagellari- 
bus. F. aurea anguste scalpelliformia, basi semicordata, apice seepius 
bispinosa, margine antico subintegerrina, postico spinuloso-dentata, 
cellulis elongato-hexagonis. 

Pl. gymnotis. Mediocris pellucida. F. imbricata semicordato-ovata, 
apice lato truncato 4-spinulosa, margine antico subintegerrima, 
postico dissite 3-5-spinulosa, auricula calva. F!® parva ad basin 
usque varie laciniata. Br. 2-3-jugz appressz. 


C. Ramificatio distincte pinnata. 


Pl. pensilis. Caules penduli praelongi semel bisve pinnati. F. densa 
semicordato-scalpelliformia, margine antico basi longissime decur- 
rente minute 3-spinulosa ceeterum integerrima, postico (ad auriculam 
preecipue) spinoso-ciliata. Br. prelate circumcirea crebre longi- 
spine. Per. compresso-poculiformia exalata, ore preelonge spinosa. 
Pl. oreocharis. Elata flabellatim pinnata vel bipinnata. F. densa 
late semicordato-ovato-oblonga, margine antico longe decurrente sub- 
integerrima, postico apiceque lato sparse denticulata. Br. unijuge, 
latiores quam longze, inciso-dentate. Per. campanulata tetragona 
exalata, ore lato bilabiato compressa spinosa. 

Pl. thyoides. Elata arcte pinnata. FF. conferta late semicordata 
obtusa, basi utrinque longissime decurrentia, superne spinuloso- 
denticulata, d. 6-12. F'* simplicia vel bi-tripartita, laciniis subulatis. 
Br. 2-jugee, foliis longiores, postice crispee et spinoso-denticulatee. 
Per. campanulata spinuloso-alata, ore preelato longispina. 

Pl. bryopteroides. Elatiuscula arcte bipinnata. FF. conferta semi- 
ovata obtusata, margine antico concavo sub apice bidenticulata, 
postico toto (basi recurvo-cristata excepta) argute spinulosa, d. sub 
15; cellule minutule. 


1, PLAGIOCHILA BURSATA (Desy.) 


Jung. bursata Desv. Journ. de Bot. 1824, p. 59; Plagiochila b. G. L. et 


N. Syn. Hep. 33. 


464 PLAGIOCHILA. 


Hab, Var. Andina, Andes Quitenses in sylva Canelos, ad arborum truncos, 
alt. 1500-1800: forma foliis aureis; etiam in descensu montis 
Chimborazo, alt. 1200: forma foliis badiis dissitis—Planta formosa 
cujus typus (foliis apice inciso-ciliatis, non autem bifidis) in Antillis 
primum inventa fuit. 

F 50x15, 5:25 1:0; ¢ -A x 4-4; per 50x 3-0™™, 

Caules 4-9-pollicares, in ceespites seepe pendulos congesti, tenues flexuosi, 
subsimplices et innovando-elongati, vel parce suberecte ramosi, 
ubique foliosi. 

Folia nitida, aurea vel badia, subimbricata vel dissita, squarrose disticha, 
prelonga, semiovato-lanceolata longe sensim acuminata (i.e. scal- 
pelliformia), apice profunde (ad +) inciso-bifida vel ineequaliter 
trifida, laciniis subulatis acuminatis, raro solummodo 3-4-spina, 
cxetero margine plerumque integerrima, rarius postice 1-2-denticulata ; 
cellule tenues, 7-77 longe, bis terve longiores quam late, pachy- 
dermes. 

Foliola (raro ubique preesentia) foliis 2-8plo breviora, subulata, flexuosa, 
apice integra vel bifurca. 

Flores 2 terminales, ex innovatione subrecte continua scepe ad speciem 
laterales. Bractece 2-4-jugee arcte imbricatee late ovatee acuminatee 
toto margine ineequaliter spinosee. 

Perianthia involucro subeequilonga, cuneato-campanulata vel subobovata, 
inflata subplicata, ore compresso incurvo oblique arcuato pluri- 
spina. 

Differt a ceteris omnibus fere Plagiochilis cellulis foliorum elongatis 
quasi-Hypnoideis, involucris capitatis polyphyllis et perianthiis sub- 
plicatis. Nostra var. Andina, ob folia apice bicrura Herbertam simulat. 


2, PLAGIOCHILA TUNGURAGUENSIS, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in M. Tunguragua, alt. 2100-8000", ubi ad 
arborum truncos magnis cespitibus viget. 

F 3°25 x 1°75; ¢ dy3 per-3°75 x 3°25™™. 

Caudex repens tenuis brevissimus. Caules elati, 4-6-pollicares, assur- 
gentes pendulive, iteratim (ad sexies) innovandi, vel monotropi vel 
ex parte dichotomi. 

Folia badia subimbricata, distiche patula vel plus minus decurvo-secunda, 
semiovata, apice subacuto pauci-dentata, dentibus brevibus 3-5, 
margine antico subrecto recurvo basi longe decurrente, postico con- 
vexo superne subrepando ; cellulee majusculee pachydermes, inferiores 
duplo longiores quam late, subapicales vix elongate, oblongse vel 
subrotundo-hexagonee. 

Flores 9 capitati, Bractece 3-jugze, foliis majores, grosse subspinoso- 
dentate. 

Perianthia parum emersa, late campanulata, compressa, hinc ala brevi 
lineari aucta vel exalata, ore spinoso-dentata. 

Species nobilis, cum nulla alia confundenda, involucris conspicuis ad 

Pl. bursatam accedens. 


3. PLAGIOCHILA RUTILANS, Lindenb. 
Sp. Hep. 47, t. 9:11. 
Hab. Ad arbores in sylvis Andium orientalium, alt. 1000--1200™ super 
M. Campana, &c. Etiam in Brasilia, Mexico, &¢., invenitur. 


PLAGIOCHILA. 465 


F 3:0x1°5, 20x 0°75; c Ay per (juv.) 2°5 x 1:0™™, 

Caules 3-pollicares penduli tenuiusculi ; parce innovandi, czeterum vix 
ramosi. 

Folia rufescentia imbricata vel subdissita, patula, semiovata; margine 
antico valide recurvo integerrima, basi longius decurrentia ; postico 
supra medium apiceque rotundato spinuloso-dentata, dentibus sub 
10 breviusculis ; cellule mediocres vix oblongatee pachydermes. 
Folia ramulina (ubi adsunt) angustiora, apice spe argutius 
5-spinosa. 

Flores @ terminales (pauci) innovatione hine vel utrinque suffulti. 
Bracteze sub-bijugze, foliis latiores, magis spinosee, media basi con- 
cava perianthio adpressze. 

Perianthia (immatura) haud emersa, obovato-campanulata, basi subtetra- 
gona, superne compressa, ore rotundato longe spinulosa, acie antico 
exalata (“ tenuiter alata,” Lindenberg). 

Var. equatorialis. Caules 6-pollicares et longiores, interdum ramulis 
microphyllis subpinnulati, apice tamen floriferi, sub flore innovati. 
Folia dissita, apice 2—5-fida-spinosave, caeterum integerrima raro 
margine postico 1-2-dentata; ramulina bicuspidata. Perianthia 
matura (3°75 x 2°0"™) oblonga vel subobovata, basi turgida tetragona, 
ore compresso subrecte truncato spinosa. 


Obs. Pl. pectinata Lindenb., ex exemplis Montagneanis, in insula 
Bourbon lectis, difficillime separanda videretur.—In devexis sylvaticis 
montis Tunguragua et juxta fl. Pastasa.—Forsan eadem ac Pl. divaricata 
Lindenb. lL. c. t. 32. 


4, PLAGIOCHILA HYPANTRA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses in spelunca Sicsi-huaico dicta ad pedem montis 
Tunguragua, etiam ad scopulos umbrosos in eodem monte et in 
sylva Canelos. 

Belibx 7p; 1-25x°6, 10x °5, "75 x37 3 ¢ —-ae™. 

Caules 14-3-pollicares, filiformes, prostrati, implexi, vage ramosi, sub- 
pinnati vel subdichotomi, eequifoliati. 

Folia fulva virescentiave, imbricata conferta, horizontaliter patula, convexa 
vel subplana, a basi obliqua oblonga vel semiovato-oblonga, acuta 
obtusave, margine antico subrecurvo integerrima, postico apicem 
versus apiceque spinuloso-dentata, dentibus 2-6, inzequilongis, medio 
plerumque multo longiore; vel spe (ramorum precipue) apice 
truncato-bidentata, dentibus acutatis rectis divergentibusve, ceeterum 
integerrima ; cellule parvule equilateree, ad angulos incrassate. 
Flores non habui. 

This plant lines the roof of a cavern called Sicsi-huaico (Sicsi, the Inca 
name of the Pampas-grass, Gynerium argenteum, and huaico, a cave or 
hollow) near the village of Banos, at the foot of Tunguragua, and occurs 
also on shady rocks in the same neighbourhood. I was unable to find 
flowers of either sex, yet I could not identify it with any species in perfect 
state growing near it, nor can I now safely attribute it to any described 
species. Old and decaying plants often get completely hidden under 
adventitious ramuli, growing from their leaves, and bearing minute bifid 
leaves that quite resemble those of a Cephalozia. While certainly allied 
to Pl. rutilans, it is possibly still nearer Pl. letevirens, to which the rami- 
fication and the rather closely-set leaves approximate it. 


466 PLAGIOCHILA. 


5, PLAGIOCHILA NEGRENSIS, Spruce. 


Hab. in sylva Amazonica ad truncos cariosos prope pagum Venezuelanum 
San Carlos del Rio Negro. 

F 2:0 x °75, 1°75 x "753 cag; per 2°5 x 1°55™™. 

Caules 2—pollicares intertexti teneri, in vivo subnigri in sicco rufescenti- 
badii, sub quater innovandi—szpius dichotomi, alii ex innova- 
tionibus unilaterabus ad speciem simplices et geniculati. 

Folia flavo-viridia dissita vel vix imbricata, linea subrecta diagonali cauli 
inserta, ligulato-oblonga vel potius rhomboidea, 2-3plo longiora 
quam lata, margine antico recurvulo subdecurrente integerrima, 
apice subtruncato argute 4-spina quadrifidave, spinis inequalibus, 
raro una alterave subpostica adjecta ; cellulee mediocres suboblongze. 

Flores 2 terminales plerumque dichotomiales. Bracteze 1-2-jugz foliis 
majores perianthio basi adpresse, toto margine postico spinoso- 
dentate. 

Perianthia subemersa obovato-campanulata, exalata, superne compressa, 
ore lato rotundato longe ciliata. 

Species pulchella, ab affinibus facile distincta. Pl. divaricata Lindenb. 
Sp. Hep. t. 32, caules habet subpinnatos, raro furcatos, bracteas foliis 
subconformes—interdum subminores—et perianthia cylindrico-oblonga 
ore angustiora. Pl. tenuis Ldnb. 1. ¢., forsan magis atfinis, folia habet 
duplo minora, apice ineequaliter 2-4-dentato-spinosa, 


6. PLAGIOCHILA CHINANTLANA, Gottsche. 
Mex. Leverm. p. 12, t. V. 


TIab. in montibus Mexicanis ubi a cl. LrEBMANN primum lecta fuit ; in 
Andibus Granatensibus juxta San Sebastian ditionis Caucane legit 
amicus R. CROSS, a. 1878. 

F30x2°0, 3:0x2°3; cyy; per 45x3:0™. 

Ciespitosa fuscescens. Caules e caudice prostrato suberecti vage subdicho- 
tomi 2-pollicares. 

Folia laxe imbricata vel subdissita subopposita semiovata vel semiovalia, 
patula vel seepius devexo-secunda, apice lunato-bispinosa, dentulo uno 
paucisve interpositis, utroque margine basi recurvo—interdum tam 
valide ut folia convoluta evadunt, antico subrecto sub apice pauci- 
dentato, postico rotundato ab ipsa fere basi ineequaliter spinoso- 
dentato, dentibus omnibus 20-27, 3-7 cellulas longis; cellule 
mediocres subeequilaterse, pariete ad angulos incrassato, inferiores 
suboblonge. 

Flores dioici: Q terminales, innovatione unica vel duabus (interdum 
iterum innovatis) suffulti. Bractece perianthio appresse, foliis 
majores et magis spinosie, 

Perianthia subemersa obovato-campanulata anguste alata (ala inermi) ore 
compresso bilabiato spinoso-ciliata. 

Andreecia seepius terminalia longe ovato-fusiformia ; bractea foliis con- 
secutive, sensim minores ovate concavie apice patente obtusatee 
muticee, vel oblique cuspidulate. Antheridia cujusque bractev 6, 
quorum 3 v. 4 precociora, subglobosa stipitata. 

Pl. oresitropha S., huic foliis suboppositis persimilis, diversa est foliis 
subsemicordatis, crebrius sed brevius spinulosis, apice obtusis ; preecipue 
autem perianthio alte emerso, vix involucrato, exalato, 


PLAGIOCHILA. 467 


7. PLAGIOCHILA DISTINCTIFOLIA, Ldnbg. 
Spec. Hep. I., p. 17, t.; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 30. 


Hab, ad truncos, prostratos precipue et putrescentes, in tota planitie 
eequatoriali, prope Paré Amazonum, Mandos Negrensium, &c. In- 
venitur quoque in Antillis, Brasilia et Guiana. 

F30x1°75, 2°75 x15; ¢ Am. 

Caudex tenuis longe repens subnudus. Caules 1-3-pollicares ascendentes 
intricati vage subramosi vel prolifero-dichotomi. 

Folia flavida vel rufescentia, subimbricata vel dissita, distiche patula et 
recurvo-secunda, semiovato-oblonga obtusa, basi (ramea praecipue) 
breviter cuneata et e marginibus ibidem recurvis ad speciem cuneato- 
obovata, margine antico infra apicem paucidentata, postico toto, basi 
excepta, argute spinuloso-denticulata, dentibus sub 20 (i.e. 18-25) 
late subulatis ; cellule mediocres subzquilateree, nisi ad angulos 
leptodermes. 

Flores 2 terminales, cum innoyvatione. Bractez foliis majores, magis 
profunde incisze, dentibus haud raro iterum denticulatis. 

Perianthia (juvenilia) immersa oblonga, ore compresso bilabiato ciliata. 

Andreecia spicata, pro more terminalia; bracteze plurijugee parve, dimidio 
infero erect saccatze supero squarrose patentes spinosee, monandree. 


Obs. The plant above-described was named from a Guiana specimen 
given me by Montagne, and purporting to be genuine, of Plagiochila 
distinctifolia Lg. (= Pl. patula var. 6 N.), but it agrees very imperfectly 
with Lindenberg’s figures and description, nor do the latter agree with 
each other. For, while the stem is described as “ iterato-dichotomous,” 
it is shewn in tab, III. fig. 1 (mat. size) with alaxly pinnate ramification, 
only some of the branches being forked, and with perianths terminal on 
both stem and branches, either with or without a unilateral innovation. 
Then the leaves are said to be four times as long as broad (1 x} lin.) 
with which none of the magnified figures agree, figs. 3, 8a and 8b shew- 
ing them only twice as long as broad. The leaves in fig. 2 come nearest 
to those of my plant in shape and cutting, and differ considerably from 
the rest of the figures. 

Gottsche in ‘ Mex. Leverm.’ acknowledges Lindenberg’s Pl. distinctifolia 
to be a composite species, but does not succeed in shewing to which form 
the name should be limited, He has separated one form, as a species, 
under the name Pl. trregularis G., but his “Pl. distinctifolia, Typus 
Mexicanus. . . ramis primariis iterato-dichotomis subdivaricato-ramosis- 
simis” differs more from my plant and Montagne’s than even Lindenberg’s 
description does. 

It is singular that I nowhere found fertilized female flowers, or even 
full-grown perianths, although the plant abounds in Amazon forests, and 
the prince’s-feather-like involucres are frequent and conspicuous. The 
European Pl. spinulosw is in similar case, for, although plants of both 
sexes are common enough, especially in the British isles, fruit has no- 
where been found. 


8. PLAGIOCHILA ORESITROPHA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos, in montibus Campana et Guayrapurina, ad 
truncos saxaque. 


F' 2:5 x 2:0, 3°25 x 2°75 5 ¢ As—s 5 per 3°75 x 270™, 


468 PLAGIOCHILA, 


Caudex repens ramosus exfoliatus. Caules 2—-3-pollicares, rufi, ascendentes, 
apice seepius iteratim innovando-floriferi, dichotomi vel (ex innova- 
tionibus unilateralibus) quasi simplices et geniculati. 

Folia rufescentia, subopposita, dense imbricata, decurvo-secunda, valde 
convexa, latissimesemiovata-cordatave obtusa, margine antico revoluto 
distanter denticulato basi longius decurrente, postico (basi recta 
excepta) crebre argute sed breviter spinuloso-dentata, dentibus 
omnibus numero 46-40; cellule mediocres, vel majuscule fere, 
equilatere. 

Flores 2 in caule terminales, innovatione suffulti; bractez (vix propriz 
et a perianthio dissitz) foliis conformes nisi paulo latiores. 

Perianthia emersa, basi subnuda, rufo-flava, oblonga, superne compressa, 
exalata, ore truncato ciliata. 

Foliis suboppositis, latioribus, basi seepius semicordatis, margine crebre 
spinulosis, a Pl. gymnocalycine distincta.—In iisdem locis advenit varietas 
claveflora, elatior, robustior, perianthiis clavato-oblongis ; a qua differt 
Pl. longiflora Mont. (e Chili allata) foliis alternis obovatis e perianthiis 
ore rotundatis. 


9, PLAGIOCHILA SYLVICULTRIX, Spruce. 


Hab. in planitie Amazonica prope San Carlos del Rio Negro, ad truncos 
prostratos, sterilis. 

F 2°25 x 2°4, 2°75 x 2°3, 2°5 x 2°25 ; ¢ Aye. 

Caudex repens tenuis intricato-ramosus. Caules erecti 13-2-pollicares 
rufi simplices vel subdivisi, ramis suberectis. 

Folia rufo-flavida swbopposita, dense imbricata, patula vel seepius decurvo- 
secunda, latissime semiovato-orbiculata, margine antico recurvo infra 
apicem subbidenticulata, postico toto, basi preelonga recta excepta, 
argute spinoso-denticulata, dentibus sub 18, brevibus; cellule 
parvulee eequilateree subopacze. 

Flores non aderant.—Foliis latissimis, interdum latioribus fere quam 
longis, minute opace areolatis, ab aflinibus distincta. 


10, PLAGIOCHILA SIMPLEX (Sw.). 

Jungermania simples Sw. Prodr. Fl. Ind. oce.; Plagiochila s. Lindenb. 
Sp. Hep. 54, t. 9. 

Hab. super truncos prostratos in Andium adicibus orientalibus ad 
Tarapoto, Canelos, &¢., nusquam (ut videretur) mm montes altiores 
ascendens ; in planitie ad San Carlos del Rio Negro legi. Etiam in 
ins. Caribeeis, Mexico et Brasilia observata fuit. 

F 20x 1:25; cs; per 30x13, 2°00 1:0™™. 

Caudex late repens subexfoliatus. Caules multi, subpollicares ascendentes 
simplices, furcati, vel apicem versus fasciculato-ramosi. ; 

Folia pallide rufula subimbricata recurvo-secunda, late semiovata rotun- 
data, marginibus basi tam recurvis ut folia cuneata appareant, antico 
apicem versus denticulata, postico toto fere apiceque argute brevi- 
uscule spinuloso-dentata, dentibus 16-22 ; cellule: mediocres eequi- 
laterce leptodermes. } 

Flores @ terminales, innovationibus oppositis perseepe suffulti. Bracteze 
1-juge, foliis latiores, toto margine crebre spinulose, perianthium 
basi laxe (vel vix) amplectentes. 


PLAGIOCHILA. 469 


Perianthia subexserta, obovata vel lanceolato-obovata, basi tetragona, 
superne compressa, ore complanata bilabiata crebre spinuloso-ciliata. 
Capsula parum exserta. 


11. PLaGIocHiInaA GyMNOCALYCINA, Lehm. et L. 


Jungermania g. Lehm. pug. pl. rar. V.; Plagiochila gymn. Lindenb. Sp. 
Hep. t. 10 et 31; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 32. 

Hab. ad truncos, prostratos preecipue et putrescentes, in tota planitie 
Amazonica, nullibi autem copiosa ; in Andium radicibus tam ori- 
entalibus quam occidentalibus magis frequenter et ad 1500™ alt. 
usque invenitur. 

F 25x 1:8, 1-91-23 ¢ sk; per 3-0x1°5, 33x 1-2m™, 

Caules 1—4-pollicares, e caudice prostrato, bis terve geniculato-innovandi 
vel alternatim subramosi, seepe penduli et intertexti. 

Folia rufo-badia caduca alterna, imbricata vel subdissita, recurvo-patula- 
secundave, late semiovata rotundata (ramea angustiora basi cuneata); 
margine antico recurvo decurrentia, infra apicem 1—2-dentata, postico 
apiceque argute spinoso-dentata, dentibus pro more 10-12, usque ad 
24 vero inveniuntur ; cellule mediocres eequilateree pachydermes. 

Flores 9 terminales, cum innovatione unilaterali. Bracteze unijugee, vix 
propriz, perianthio plus minus dissitee, recurvo-patulie, ceteris foliis 
paulo magis dentate. 

Perianthia basi subnuda et in caulem sensim angustata, pyriformia vel 
anguste obovata, exalata, inferne tetragona, apice compressa subbi- 
labiata longispina. 

Planta g magis ramosa, ramis apice bifidis vel fasciculato-ramulosis. 
Andrcecia spiceeformia tenuia ramulos totos fere tenentia, polyphylla; 
bracteze parvee, apice patulo sepius exciso-bidentatz, monandre. 

Var. ciliato-dentata S., elatior, dentibus foliorum longioribus ciliiformibus 
tota fere longitudine cellulis uniseriatis constantibus. Forsan pro 
specie propria habenda.—In M. Campana. 


12. PLAGIOCHILA CHIMBORAZENSIS, Spruce. 


Hab, Andes Quitenses, in monte Chimborazo, e ramis pendula, 

F 30x 1°75, 3°75 x 2°5; ¢ ae—ab 3 per 65 x 2°5™™, 

Caudices 3-6-pollicares rubri validi densifolii penduli. Caules (ramive) 
3-6-pollicares, arcuantes, seepius assurgenti-secundi, simplices bifidive, 
raro apice prolifero-furcati. 

Folia rufescentia, decurvo-secunda raro subpatula, imbricata, late semi- 
ovata, superne sensim angustata imo vero subacuminata, margine 
antico recurvo basi valde oblique decurrente infra apicem denticu- 
lato, postico (basi integerrima excepta) spinuloso-denticulato, denti- 
bus 12-24, parvulis, aliis tenuioribus ciliiformibus ; cellule: mediocres 
suboblonge. 

Flores 2 terminales. Bractez foliis vix diverse, suberect, perianthii 
basi adpressz vel ab eodem dissitz. 

Perianthia magna rufo-flava anguste pyriformia vel obconico-obovata, 
anguste obsoleteve semiaiata, ore compresso subrecte truncato 
ciliata. 

Est quasi Pl. gymnocalycine forma gigantea, differt autem foliorum 
forma valde diversa et singulari.—PI. longiflora Mont., subaffinis, foliis 
obovatis et perianthio ore rotundato distinguitur. 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 35 


470 PLAGIOCHILA. 


13. PLAGIOCHILA MACRIFOLIA, Tayl. in hb. Jameson. 
G. L. et N. Sp. Hep. 634. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses in montis Chimborazo descensu occidentali, in sylvis 
excelsis ad arborum ramulos, alt. 1200™™, 

F 25x1-0, 2°75 x 1:1: ¢ sy—-sy 3 per 4:0 x 1:25, 45 x 1:0™™. 

Caudex repens ramosus foliosus vel denudatus. Caules 2-3-pollicares, 
tenues erecti, vage divisi dichotomive, angulo furcee acuto; vel superne 
ramulos 3-6 fasciculatos apice floriferos edentes, vel denique laxe 
pinnati, ramis elongatis interdum ramulosis. 

Folia fulva fuscave, plus minus dissita, recurvo-patula-secundave, semi- 
ovato-lanceolata obtusa vel acuta, margine antico recurvo longiuscule 
decurrente apicem versus, postico toto fere apiceque spinoso-dentata, 
dentibus 9-13 breviusculis; cellulee mediocres, inferiores oblongate, 
superiores subeequilateree.—F. ramea angustiora subligulata. 

Flores 9 terminales innovate. Bractez propriz null. 

Perianthia flava prelonga, 3-5plo longiora quam lata, basi nuda, clavata 
vel anguste pyriformia, inferne tetragona, superne compresso-plana, 
exalata, ore subconstricto rotundato spinoso-ciliata. Capsula oblonga, 
in pedicello perianthium duplo excedente. 

Obs. In hae specie frequenter adveniunt ramuli epiphylli foliis minutis 
bicuspidatis ceeterum integerrimis vestiti. 

Var. angustifolia S. Folia 4plo fere longiora quam lata (3°25 x °75™™), 
lanceolato-ligulata, e marginibus basi recurvis cuneata, apice, margine 
postico supra medium et antico apicem versus spinoso-dentata. 

Var. Taylori S. Rami e foliis longe dissitis fragilibusque sepe primo 
visu subnudi. Folia linearia vel lanceolato-linearia, e marginibus 
basi recurvis cuneata, apice spinoso-bidentata, caeterum integerrima 
rariusve denticulo uno alterove postico armata. 

Habitant varietates cum forma perfectiore in eodem monte Chimborazo. 
Var. Taylori (= Pl. macrifolia Tayl. in London Journ. of Bot. 1846, 
p. 270; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. p. 634) etiam in monte Pichincha a cl. 
JAMESON, in sylva Llalla montis Azuay, alt. 2700", ab auctore in- 
venta est. 


Obs. Extreme forms of this might easily be taken for distinct species, 
but all limits break down on comparison of a large series of specimens. 
The ligulate branch-leaves of the first form are much narrower than the 
stem-leaves, but are quite like the stem-leaves of the second form. Only 
the third form—with narrow, almost linear leaves, entire except for 2 or 
3 sharp teeth at the summit—was known to Taylor, and only in the 
barren state. All the forms are notable for the long clavate perianths, 
standing out beyond the leaves, ze. destitute of any involucre; as in Pl. 
gymnocalycina and a few other allied species. 


14. PLAGIOCHILA AEREA, Tayl. 
» Lay 


Lond. Journ. Bot. (1846); Gottsche Mex. Leverm. 45, t. 10. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in M. Chimborazo, ad ramulos (R. 8.). Prope 
Quito (JAMESON). Mexico (LIEBMAN)). 


F 2:0x1°0, 2:0 x ‘75, 2:0 x 45; ¢ ay—py 5 per 25x 1:0™™. 


Caules 3-pollicares tenuissimi, prostrati, intricati, monotrope semel, bis 
terve innovandi, rarissime dichotomi. 


PLAGIOCHILA. 471 


Folia virescentia parvula dissita patula suboblique lanceolato-linearive- 
oblonga acuta, margine antico recurvo integerrimo, rarissime 1-—2- 
denticulato, postico a basi fere apiceque dentato-longispino, dentibus 
circiter 8, subulatis acuminatis, 2 vel 3 apicalibus spe prelongis 
unde folia 2-3-fida evadunt ; cellule majuscule, duplo triplove 
longiores quam lata, pachy dermes. 

Flores Q terminales , innovati. Bractew propriz nullee. 

Perianthia exserta, basi nuda, parva, oblonga obovatave tetragono-com- 
pressa, exalata, ore subbilabiato longispina. 

Ab omnibus Pl. frondescentis formis differt foliis margine postico toto 
fere nec solum apicem versus spinosis, dentibus longioribus, reti cellu- 
larum laxiore, denique perianthio exinvolucrato. A Pl. macrifolia foliis 
et preecipue perianthiis longe brevioribus distincta. Pl. tenwis Lindng. 
Sp. Hep. t. 10, habitu similis, diversa est foliis apice solo inciso-dentatis 
cetero margine integerrimis, et perianthio distincte involucrato. Pl. 
bursata longe distat statura multo elatiore, perianthio involucro poly- 
phyllo velato; solum accedit foliis angustis paucispinis et cellulis lineari- 
bus. 

15, PLAGIOCHILA PROCERA, Lindenb. 
Spec. Hep. t. 7; G. L. et N. Spec. Hep. p. 40. 

Hab. Andes Quitenses, in monte Tunguragua et in sylva Canelos, ad 
arborum truncos, alt. 1500-2400™™ (R.s. anno 1857, antea JAMESON 
in hb. Hook.) 

F 60x40, 5:25 x 3°25; cays; per... mm, 

Caules e caudice valido prostrato ad speciem subnudo erecti pendulive, 
5-6-pollicares, parce acuteque innovando-ramosi, densifolii. 

Folia viridia, flavida, fuscidulave, opaca, seepius conferta, opposita, distiche 
patula, ovata vel ovato-oblonga, basi late semicordata, auricula — 
magna semiorbiculari caulem latitudine duplo superante recurvo- 
cristata, apice rotundata, toto margine (nisi ipsissima basi) dentato- 
spinulosa-ciliatave, ciliis crebris (45-65), 3-8 cellulas longis, cellulam 
unicam latis, sepe hamatis; cellule medii folii mediocres sub- 
eequilaterze, submarginales autem multo minores seepeque discolores. 

Flores ? terminales. Bractez foliis majores, crebrius et longius spinoso- 
ciliate. 

Perianthia (juvenilia) immersa, campanulata, compressa, antice spinoso- 
alata, ore bilabiato crebre spinoso-ciliata. 

Planta ¢ pluries furcata, angulo dichotomiz recto, ramis apice mediove 
floriferis. Andrcecia spicata julacea anguste ovoideo-fusiformia ; 
bracteze sub 10-jugze, foliis sensin. minores, tenerrime, appresso- 
imbricate, oblique subrotundz ventricosee, muticee vel 1—2-denti- 
culatee—interdum 3-lobe. Antheridia cujusque bractezee 8-10, 
majuscula, pedicellata. 

Obs. Jameson’s original specimens, on which Lindenberg founded his 
Pl. procera, were probably ¢ gathered in the same places as my own; for 
Baivos, the locality cited by” him, is a village at the foot of 7 unguragua, 
between that mountain and the Forest of “Canelos, which begins a little 
lower down the same valley, of the river Pastasa. 


16. PLaGiIocHILA PICHINCHENSIS, Tayl. 
London Journ. Bot. (1846), p. 259; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. p. 645. 
Hab. Andes Quitenses, in fluvil Pastasa valle, supra montes Tunguragua 


472 PLAGIOCHILA. 


et Abitagua precipue, alt. 2000-3000", ad arborum truncos ramu- 
losque. In m. Pichincha primum legit w. JAMESON. 

F 65 x 4:25, 75x 5-0; ¢ 3—-sy; per 5°5 x 425mm, 

Caudex in cortice repens. Caules 5-6-pollicares, suberecti pendulive, 
parce et subdichotome ramos. 

Folia maxima flavida subopposita late imbricata, angulo recto fere 
divergentia, late semicordato-ovata, vel (auricula magna semiorbicu- 
lari excepta) ambitu fere triangularia, apice angustiusculo obtusa, 
basi parum decurrentia, basin versus utrinque integerrima, ceeteroquin 
spinuloso-dentata-ciliatave, ciliis haud numerosis (20-25) grandius- 
culis, 3-10 cellulas longis, basi 1-4 ec. latis, seepe varie directis sub- 
tortisve; cellule medii folii majusculz oblonge, apicales lateralesque 
subequilateree. 

Flores 9 terminales (dichotomiales). Bracteze 2-3-jugee, foliis paulo 
majores, conferte, basi postica latiores, gibbee undulateque, crebrius 
ciliate. 

Perianthia omnino immersa, oblongo-orbiculata, compressa, ad medium 
usque bilabiata, labiis semiorbiculatis dentato-ciliatis, ciliis preelongis 
paucis, hine latissime alata, ala 1°25™™ lata spinosa. Pedunculus 
perianthio duplo fere longior. 

Andrecia in ramis terminalia, seepeque etiam media. Bracteze oligandree 
foliis minutius crebriusque ciliate, ciliis ad 40. 

A Pl. procera differt foliis pellucidis vel medio solum subopacis, cellulis 
distincte majoribus, dentibus paucioribus irregularibus basin versus 
utrinque omnino nullis. 


17. PLAGIOcHILA ExIMIA, Mitt. in lit. 


Hab, ad arborum truncos in monte Tunguragua, alt. 2400™, 
F 50x35; ¢ dem. 

Forsan Pl. procere Ldnbg. mera varietas, differt autem sequente modo. 
Plante flavo-virides elate graciliores, magis flaccida, valde et subalter- 
natim ramos, innovationibus sub flore Q pro more solitariis. Folia 
paulo minora semicordato-ovato-oblonga, haud subtriangularia, auriculé 
sat minore (minime semiorbiculari) appress& rarius reecurva ; margine toto 
dentato-spinoso-ciliata, ciliis 60-70, 4-8 cellulas longis, peracutis (cellula 
apicali prelonga), alternis seepe brevioribus, cilio ad auricule con- 
vexitatem majorem ceteris multo longiore—ad 12 cell. longo. Bracteze 
crebre et preelonge spinoso-ciliatee. -Perianthium (juvenile) campanulatum 
bilabiatum ore ciliatum, ciliis mediocribus, omuino exalatwum.—Anne 
eadem ac Pl. flaccida Lg. Spec. Hep. 78, t. 16? 


18. PLaGiocHina conspicua, Tayl. in hb. Jameson. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in sylva Canelos et super montem Tunguragua, 
ad arbores, alt. 1500-2700 (R.s. 1857). In Andium devexis sylvaticis 
antea legit JAMESON. 

F 5°25 x 3°25 x 2:0; ¢ Ass; per 6:0 x 40mm, 

Caudex validus prostratus divisus, Caules 3-4-pollicares erecti pendulive 
densifolii, inferne simplices vel vage ramosi, superne dichotomi, 
angulo furcarum recto vel subdivergente, ramis interdum fasci- 
culatis, 

Folia aurea fulvave, crispula, subopposita, patentia, confertissima, longe 
semiovato-triangularia subobtusa, basi subsemicordata, auricula 


PLAGIOCHILA. 473 


rotundata minime vero semiorbiculari, margine antico valide recurva ; 
basi ipsa utrinque excepta, circumcirca argute dentato-ciliata, ciliis 
25-35, subeequalibus, 6-8 cellulas longis, basi 2-5 c. latis, subulato- 
acuminatis ; cellule majuscule subsequilateree, marginem folii 
anticum versus paulo elongatie, pellucidee. 

Flores 2 terminales (dichotomiales). Bracteze unijugee, foliis submajores, 
longissime ciliate, 

Perianthia vix emersa vel subimmersa, obovato-campanulata, ore sub- 
rotundato longissime ciliata, hine (vel utrinque) ala latissima ciliata 
percursa. 

A Pl. procera forma foliorum paulo diversa, auriculé tamen minore, 
minus rotundata, ciliis paucioribus longioribus, cellulis multo majoribus 
pellucidis, &c., distincta.—Differt a Pl. adiantoide colore flavido, folis 
confertissimis crispulis longioribus angustioribusque, ciliis magis 
numerosis, margine postico (basi excepta) fere recto, demum perianthio 
breviore multo latiore. 


19. PLAGIOCHILA NOTIDOPHILA, Spruce, 


Hab. ad rivulorum saxa in monte Guayrapurina Andium Peruvianorum, 
alt. 1000™. 

PS 75 X225; ¢ 3 per 25™™. 

Caudex repens subramosus caules plurimos 2-4-pollicares simplices vel 
semel innovandos edens. 

Folia olivaceo-viridia, subopposita, imbricata, planiuscula, apice de- 
curvula, dimidiato-ovato-oblonga obtusata truncatave, circumcirca 
(ad basin posticam preecipue) spinoso-ciliolata, spinis crebris (sub 50), 
3-6 cellulas longis, basi 2-3 cellulas latis, margine antico recurvo 
anguste decurrentia ; cellulze mediocres «equilateree opacule, 

Flores ? terminales. Bracteze foliis multo majores crebre lati-spine. 

Perianthia immersa (juvenilia ?) brevi-campanulata compressa exalata, ore 
obliquo spinosissima. 

Obs. Folia textura lis Pl. procere similia, oblique autem ovato-oblonga 
nec semicordato-triangularia sunt, ad basin ipsam posticam longe 4-5- 
ciliata nec integerrima, czteris dentibus brevioribus et pro m. latioribus. 


20, PLAGIOCHILA ADIANTOIDES (Swartz.) 


Jungermania adiantoides Sw. Fl. Ind. oce. p. 142; G. L. et N. Syn. 

Hep. p. 38. 

Hab. Andes Quitenses, in sylvis Cinchone ad pedem montis Chimborazo 
occidentalem, fruticum ramulos investiens, alt. 1000-1500™. Provenit 
etiam ex insula Jamaica ceeterisque Antillis, necnon e Mexico. 

F 4:0 x 2°5, 42°5x 2°55 ¢ Jp; per 675 x 2-5™™, 

Caudices validi in cortice repentes, caules 3-pollicares foliosos erectos 
pendulosve iteratim innovando-dichotomos vel (innovationibus 
duplicatis) fasciculato-ramosos proferentes. 

Folia sat magna virescentia flavidave tenuia opposita subimbricata 
patentia, semiovato-oblonga, subsemicordata, margine antico recurvo, 
postico sensim incurvo (unde folium medio canaliculatum videtur) 
folio suprajacenti caulique arcte incumbente, nec recurvo; toto 
margine (basi decurrente excepta) apiceque rotundato longe dentato- 


474 PLAGIOCHILA. 


spinosa-ciliatave, spinis ciliisve 30-32, subulato-acuminatis 7 cellulas 
longis, rectiusculis ; cellulee majusculz zequilatere pellucide. 

Flores 2 terminales (seepe dichotomiales). Bracteze unijuge . foliis 
majores, margine antico fortius recurvo, toto margine longius 
spinoso-ciliatee, ciliis ad 13 cell. longis. 

Perianthia maxima alte emersa, clavato-oblonga compressa, antice sub- 
anguste spinoso-alata, ore bilabiata, labiis rotundatis crebre longis- 
sime ciliatis, ciliis tenuibus rectis, 

Var. (?) aspergillifera S., tenella, caule seepe fasciculato-prolifero, Innova- 
tiones 2-6-nas, apice solo foliosas aspergilliformes proferente.—Hab. 
Andes Quitenses in sylva Canelos. 

Obs. Non dubitandum est quod ill. Swartzius sub nom. “Jung. 
adiantoides” plures species complexus est. EK suo herbario tres formas 
J. adiantoidis examinavi, omnes specie plane diverse: sunt. 

1. Frustula sesquipollicaria olivaceo-et fulvo-viridia. Folia exacte 
opposita, 3°5x2-0™™, ovato-oblonga obtusata, utrinque subde- 
currentia, ipsissima basi excepta, circumcirca longe spinoso-ciliata, 
ciliis 839-40, aliis hamatis, anticis minoribus et remotioribus—Cum 
Pl. adiantoide Lindenb. ac nostra supradescripta bene convenit. 

2. Caulis (subcompletus) bipollicaris nigrescens fastigiatim subramosus. 
Folia 3-0 x 2°5™™ subopposita subsecunda badia ovato-orbiculata, 
antice subdecurrentia, circumcirea fere minute spinuloso-denticulata, 
dentibus brevibus subinzequalibus, margine antico late valideque 
recurvo revolutove paucidenticulato; cellule equilaterze, omnes fere 
zquimagnee. Perianthia alte exserta compressa hamata, ad suturam 
anticam incrassata non autem alata, ore truncato minute denticulata. 
—Species forsan adhue nondeseripta, quum neque cum Pl. adiantoide 
nec cum Pl. macrostachya Lg. convenit. 

3. Frustulum pollicare bifurcum. Folia badia obscure per paria approxi- 
mata, 1-4 1°5™™, ovato-orbiculata subtruncata, margine hic illic 
brevi-pauci-denticulata. 


21. PLAGIOCHILA VIRENS, Spruce. 


Hab. ad fruticum ramulos juxta fl. Bombonasa, in Andium radicibus 
orientalibus (Junio, 1857). 

F 52x 4-0, c a; per 0x 4:0™™, 

Viridis tenella. Caules bipollicares apice semel bisve furcati. 

Folia pro plantula magna imbricata distiche patula prelate semiovata 
rotundata; margine antico recurvo breviuscule decurrente basi 
pauciciliolato, medio subintegerrimo, apicem versus spinuloso ; mar- 
gine postico toto fere apiceque .spinuloso, basi plerumque recurvo- 
cristato ; dentibus omnibus 40-44, parvis, 3-7 cellulas longis, basi 
dilatatis apice setaceis; cellule majuscule pellucidee aquilatere, 
ad plicam anticam paulo longiores, pariete subincrassato. 

Flores dioici: @ in furca ramisque terminales. Bractea appressze foliis 
perpaulo majores, subconformes, nisi pro margine toto spinuloso 
(d. 50). 

Perianthia vix subemersa campanulata ore compresso bilabiata, labiis 
erebre (haud longe) ciliatis, antice alata, ala angustiuscula pro more 
dentata. Capsula subglobosa, 


PLAGIOCHILA. 475 


22. PLAGIOCHILA LEPTOPHYLLA, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad fruticum ramulos juxta Tarapoto, in Andibus Peruvie, alt. 
500-1200™, 

F 40x30-3:5; ca; br g 15x-9™™ 

Caules e caudice prostrato assurgente 2-pollicares parce dichotomi, apice 
e flore 2 sterili innovationes utrinque 4 vel plures (pistillidia trans- 
formata) proferentes, ramulis seepe eodem modo proliferis, ultimis 
aspergilliformibus (sc. medio nudis, apice penicillum foliorum parvu- 
lorum gerentibus). 

Folia pallide viridia tenuia tenera subimbricata prelate semiovata 
rotundato-truncata, basi rectangula; margine postico, a basi longa 
recta integerrima, late rotundato et cum apice, margineque antico 
(basi paulo recurvo) supra medium, dentato-spinulosa ; spinulee 
27-30, breviusculee—alternee seepe breviores—subciliiformes, solum 
basin versus 2-3 cellulas late, apicales longiores subulato-setaceze ; 
cellule majuscule omnes fere subzequilatere. 

Flores dioici: @Q terminales. Bracteze toto margine profundissime 
laciniato-ciliatee, ciliis ad 16 cell. longis, foliis vix majores. 

Perianthia (valde juvenilia) ore longiciliata. 

Pl. ¢ caules apice flabellatim dichotomi, ramis tenuibus julaceis flavidis 
andrecia sistentibus. Bracteze foliis plus triplo minores, oblique 
ovate, basi ventricosa erectee, supra medium subpatule et inciso- 
spinosee, tenerrime. Antheridia solitaria maxima globosa pedicello 
tenui zquilonga. 

Foliis tennibus, pro longitudine preelatis, a Pl. adiantoide pluribusque 
affinibus facile distincta species. 


23. PLAGIOCHILA PACIMONENSIS, Spruce, 


Hab. Ad arborum truncos in ripis fl. Pacimoni et ejus tribut. rivuli 
Guayaguaca Venezuele australis: pl. g. (R. 8. Febr. 1854). 

F 38x28; ¢™™. 

Caudex validus repens nigrescens. Caules 3-pollicares longe simplices 
apice flabellatim dichotomi, ramis masculis. 

Folia e fulvo virescentia parum imbricata semiovato-oblonga rotundato- 
truncata, margine antico valide plicato-recurvo supra medium sub- 
dentata, postico toto fere apiceque argute dentata, dentibus omnibus 
sub 28 late subulatis—interdum fere triangularibus—pungentibus, 
3-6 cell. altis, basi 2-6 cell. latis ; cellulee majuscule suboblongo- 
hexagone, ad plicam longiores seepeque discolores. 

Flores dioici: ¢ in flabellam terminalem dispositi; rami amenta prelonga 
et tenuia—apice sepe in caudiculam nudam, vel foliis paucis minutis 
terminatam, protracta—sistentia. Bracteze fere minute imbricate 
ovato-lingueformes, basi erecta turgida convoluto-amplexantes ; 
dimidio supero recurvo-patule 1-vel pauci-spinose. Antheridia soli- 
taria ovali-globosa flava, pedicello tenui zquilonga. 


24. PLAGIOCHILA CULTRIFOLIA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in monte Chimborazo, ad fruticum ramulos, alt. 
1500™, 


476 PLAGIOCHILA. 


F 5:5 x 3-0, 4:5 x 2°0, 3° X 1°75 5 ¢ Sy— ps 5 per 5:0™™. 

Caules caudice repente 4-5-pollicares dendroidei, a basi tamen folios, 
supra medium iteratim 2—3-chotomi. 

Folia pallida flavidave tenera, subimbricata vel subdissita, opposita, patula, 
semiovato-triangularia-oblongave, acuta, e basi antica recurva late 
longissimeque decurrente cultriformia, margine antico apicem versus, 
postico ab ipsa basi fere, valide dentato-spinosa, dentibus sub 20, ad 
‘6™™ longis, subulato-acuminatis ; cellule majusculee suboblongee.— 
F. ramulina minora, basi longius integerrima, dentibus apicis pauci- 
oribus majoribus. 

Flores 2 terminales, seepius e dichotomiis. Bractez unijuge foliis sub- 
majores, Magis armatze. 

Perianthia emersa oblonga compressa, antice ala lineari spinosa percursa, 
raro exalata, ore bilabiato longiciliata. 

Obs. Basis foliorum decurrens cetero folio equilonga; ab hoe caractere 

a Pl. adiantoide et Pl. ensiformi facile distincta. A Pl. adiantoide differt 

insuper foliis ambitu subtriangularibus, apice acutioribus, dentibus lati- 

oribus, forma potius spinze quam cilii.—Pl. superba Nees distare videretur 
foliis dense imbricatis longiciliatis. 


25, PLAGIOCHILA MACROTRICHA, Spruce. 


Hab, Andes Peruvianos, juxta paguin Tavalosos ad rivulorum saxa, alt. 
900™. <A. Quitenses, in sylva Canelos ad rupes humectatas, alt. 
1200%, 

F 62x3°0,¢p:™™. In var. f 40x18, 35x15 3 per 3°5 x 1-5, 

Caudices late repentes validi implexo-ramosi. Caules 3—4-pollicares 
iteratim dichotomi, flexuosi, inferne subdenudati. 

Folia flavido-vel olivaceo-viridia, seepe maxima, late patula, subimbricata, 
semiovato-oblonga subfalcata ; margine antico integerrimo vel sub 
apice 1-2-dentato ad basin decurrentem recurvo, postico toto api- 
ceque (subtruncato) spinis 10-20 prelongis—aliis ad 10 cellulas 
longis—superne capillaceis varie directis armata; cellule fere majus- 
cule subsequilaterce pellucidee. 

Flores dioici: @ dichotomiales. Bractez foliis submajores, crebrius 
spinosee, ceeterum conformes. (Perianthia valde juvenilia.) 

Var. uumiLior. Bipollicaris, Folia minora margine antico supra 
medium subspinosa, postico longispina, spinis omnibus 14-22, basi 
2 vy. 3 eell. latis dein capillaceo-acuminatis; caulina magis, ramea 
minus (sed longius) spinosa. Perianthia emersa obconico-campanu- 
lata compressa, antice ciliato-alata, labiis ciliis erectis 1™™ v. 12 cel- 
lulas longis fimbriatis—Hab. in sylva Canelos. 

Ciliis foliorum paucis longissimis bene distincta species. Anne eadem 
ac Pl. superba Nees (Lindenb. Spec. Hep. 80, t. 17) quoad plantam in 
America tropica lectam? Australiensis autem, typica, distincta videretur 
habitu robustiore, foliis superne angustioribus, margine (antico preecipue) 
crebrius ciliatis. 


26. PLAGIOCHILA ENSIFORMIS, Tayl. 


Lond. Journ. Bot. (1846) p. 265; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. p. 643. 
Hab. Andes Quitenses (JAMESON), in sylva Canelos in stillicidiis (R. 8.) 


PLAGIOCHILA. ATT 


F 4:25 x 2°5, 4:0 x 2°25 5 ¢ Ay™™. 

Caudex repens ramosus, Caules 4-pollicares subsimplices adscendentes, 
basi microphylli. 

Folia pallide viridia opposita imbricata subpatula, subsemicordato- 
triangularia, e margine postico superne concavo ensiformia, margine 
antico recurvulo longius decurrente subintegerrima, postico (auricula 
incurvo-appressa excepta) dentato-spinulosa, dentibus parvis ad 20, 
apice truncato tamen dentibus majoribus 3-4-spinosa; cellulee majus- 
cul. 

Flores non habui. 

Pl. ensiformis, sicuti a Tayloro descripta folia apice subtridenticulata, 
ceterum integerrima, habet; czteris caracteribus cum nostrati congruit. 
—Anne forma Pl. Pichinchensis sterilis angustifolia ?—Pl. cultrifolia folia 
habet duplo longius decurrentia, paulo angustiora, longispina. 


27. PuaciocHinA Notarisil, Mitt. in litt. 


Hab. in sylva Canelos et monte Tunguragua, ad saxa humectata, hepaticis 
frondosis consociata, alt. 1200-2400. 

IE By Se 45; c so-is3 per 6:0><575m. 

Caudex prostratus divisus. Caules 5-pollicares validi rufescentes, inno- 
vando dichotomi vel, innovationibus cujusque lateris 2-vel 3-nis, 
fasciculatim et subflabellatim ramosi, ramis rectis rigidiusculis. 

Folia maxima pallide viridia tenuia imbricata, explanata fere, latissime 
semicordata subtriangularia obtusata, basi preelata antice decurrentia 
postice rotundata, supra medium, vel apice solo, spinuloso-dentata, 
dentibus 8-12, tenuibus, ineequilongis, rarissime circumcirea fere 
spinulosa ; cellulee majuscule subeequilateree pellucide. 

Flores 9 terminales (e dichotomiis). Bracteze foliis paulo longiores, 
unijugee erecte, basi a perianthio dissite, toto fere margine argutius 
dentate. 

Perianthia emersa, late campanulata vel suboblonga, ore truncato sub- 
bilabiato longiciliata, antice ala prelate spinosa aucta, in sicco haud 
raro a fronte, nec a latere, compressa. 

Andreecia flabelliformia, caulem comantia, ramulis plurimis, 18™™ longis, 
semel bisve furcatis vel subpinnatis, microphyllis constantia; bracteze 
saccate, cauli utrinque alte adnate, apice brevi patulo paucidentatee, 
1-2-andree. 

Heecce pulcherrima stirps differt a Pl. Jamesoni foliis prelatis obtusatis 

(nec rotundatis), auricula basali incurvo-appressa, nec recurvo-cristata, et 

perianthiis ex involucro emersis. 


28. PLAGIOCHILA JAMESONI, Tayl. 
Lond. Journ. Bot. (1847); Mitt. (1851). 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in sylva Llalla montis Azuay, ad rivulorum saxa 
alt. 2500™ (rR. 8. 1859); in monte Pichincha (JAMESON). 

F 55 x 3°75, 50x 3°5; ¢ Ay; per 50x 5:0m™, 

Caudices ramosi intricati. Caules 6-pollicares dichotomi vel vage ramosi. 

Folia magna. viridia tenuia, opposita vel plane alterna, imbricata, sub- 
semicordato-ovato-oblonga, apice preelato rotundato dentato-spinu- 
losa, denticulata vel tantummodo repanda, cetero margine integer- 
rimo vel postico uni-paucidenticulato, antico dccurrente recurvulo ; 
cellule majuscule subzequilatere. 


478 PLAGIOCHILA. 


Flores 9 terminales, seepe e dichotomiis. Bractez (vix propriz) foliis 
subconformes et perpaulo majores. 

Perianthia subemersa, late oblique campanulata, basi turgida, ore com- 
presso alte bilabiata, labiis rotundatis minute crebre dentato-spinu- 
losis, antice ala lata superne spinosa percursa. Pedicellus involucrum 
vix duplo superans. 

Var. secundifolia S.: a forma typica foliis secundis latioribus, basi pre- 
latis sed non semicordatis, margine postico repando-dentatis-spinu- 
losisve, differt—Hab, in saxis fluvii Pastasa irrigatis loco Antombés, 
alt. 1500™™. 


29. PLAGIOCHILA ZYGOPHYLLA, Spruce. (Tab. XVII.) 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad arbores in sylvis montium Azuay et Guayra- 
pata, alt. 2800-8000™, 

F 30x21; capa; br 40x 2°25; per 55x32, ala antica 1:0 lata, 
postica “25mm, 

Caules 3-pollicares subramosi, interdum ex involucro stolones minutos 
aspergilliformes proferentes. 

Folia subhorizontalia, patentia exacte opposita basique postica subconnata, 
paribus autem longiuscule dissitis, late semiovata apice anguste trun- 
eato 1-3-dentata rarius integerrima, basi antica recurva longe decur- 
rente, postica rotundata appressa vel recurvo-cristata; cellule 
majuscule pellucidse parum oblongatee, trigonis angularibus incon- 
spiculs, 

Flores 9 terminales, vix unquam innovati. Bracteze 1—2-juge, foliis 
longiores, apice margineque postico distanter dentate vel sub- 
spinosee, 

Perianthia ex involucro emersa, oblonga campanulatave, ore compresso 
suboblique truncato, vix rotundato, crebre setosa ciliolatave, a basi 
ad 2 alt. utrinque alata, alis superne spinulosis, anticd prelata. 
Capsula subglobosa breviter exserta. 

Obs. Prima facie genus Syzygiellam nostram valde refert, perianthio 
autem Pagiochile perfecto distat. A Pl. fuscolutea Tayl., specie proxima, 
differt foliis minus erectis, dissitijugis; praecipue perianthiis late alatis, 
ore crebre setosis (nec calvis). 


30. PLAGIOCHILA FUSCOLUTEA, Tayl. 

Lond. Journ. Bot. 1846, p. 263; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. p. 564. 

Hab. in monte gramineo Mulmél Andium (uitensium ad terram inter 
fruticulos; etiam super Tunguragua et Pichincha inter Ericeas et ad 
rivulorum saxa: alt. 2100-3300m, 

F 30x 3-0, 3°25 x30; ¢ ay; per 4:25 x 5:0m™. 

Caules 4—6-pollicares suberecti validi, «qualiter foliosi, subsimplices, 
fertiles innovando-fureati. 

Folia fulva, subopposita, contfertim imbricata, angulo 45° adscendentia, 
postice tam recurvo-cristata ut caules trialati viderentur, latissime 
suboblique ovata ovatove-orbiculata, apice rotundata, truncata, retusa 
vel exciso-bidentata, margine antico prelate recurvo longissime de- 
currente integerrima, postico undulato-repanda vel apicem versus 
yepando-denticulata, varo apice subspinulosa ; cellule majuscule 
eequilateree opace, trigonis angularibus conspicuis, 


PLAGIOCHILA. 479 


Flores 9 in caule terminales (dichotomiales). Bracteze foliis multo 
majores cordato-orbiculate concave, marginibus recuryis, apice 
magis denticulato. 

Perianthia subemersa, late cupulato-campanulata, compressa, hine ad 
medium usque fissa, exalata, ore subobliquo undulato-truncato 
integerrima. 

Spicze mascule cauligene, foliis consecutive, terminales medieve, lineari- 
ovoider. Bractez plurijuge confertee appressee ovato-rotunde ven- 
tricosz, apice brevi lato reflexule, integerrime. Antheridia 4-na 
globoso-pyriformia, alia in stipite subeequilongo, alia in  stipite 
triplo longiore, basin versus cellulis uniseriatis, superne 2—3-seriatis 
conflato. 


Obs. Folia in exemplaribus Jamesonianis meisque ad Pichincha lectis 
magis dimidiata sunt, subtriangularia, apice angustiora et constanter fere 
integerrima; aliter autem a forma e monte Mulmul supra descripta haud 
differunt. 


31. PLAGIOCHILA HETEROMALLA, Lehm. et Lindenb. 
Sp. Hep. 83, t. 18. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad arbores in montis Tunguraqua jugis sylvaticis, 

: alt. 2200-2800™. Peruvia et Chili (Sp. Hep. 1. ¢.) 

F 4:25 x3°0; ¢ sg; per 75 x 2:5-3:0™™. 

Caudex validus, late repens, denudatus. Caules 4-pollicares erecti 
cespitosi, vage vel subdichotome ramosi, inferne e foliis deciduis 
subnudi, ergo dendritici; rami adscendentes. 

Folia sat magna fulvo-badia tenuia, late imbricata, alterna vel solum 
per paria subapproximata, distiche patula vel decurvo-secunda, late 
semicordata rotundata, circumcirea fere spinulosa ciliolatave (spinulis 
40 et pluribus, 3-5 cellulas longis, aliis varie curvatis), basi antica 
longius oblique decurrentia, postica semicirculari recurvo-cristata ; 
cellule parvulz equilatere. 

Flores ? terminales, innovandi, seepe ex dichotomia. Bracteee unijuge, 
foliis parum majores latioresque, magis spinulose. 

Perianthia maxima, involucrum duplo excedentia, oblongo-ovalia, superne 
complanata, apice subdecurvo bilabiata, labiis rotundatis crebre 
spinoso-dentatis, acie antico anguste spinoso-alata raro exalata. 
Capsula in pedicello perianthium duplo excedente subglobosa, pariete 
valido opaco. Elateres pertenues flexuosi, plerique dispiri, intra 
capsule apertze valvulas diu persistentes. Spore minutee. 

Var. latifolia 8. Folia imbricata plano-disticha (nec secunda) semicordato- 
orbiculata, tam lata quam longa (4°25 x 4°25, 3°5 x 3°5™™.), margine 
antico subrecurvo supra medium dentata, postico toto fere breviter 
spinuloso-dentata, basi (7.e. auricula) plerumque plana, cauli appressa, 
dentibus omnibus 20-40; cellule submajores (3;™™). Perianthia 
5°5 x 3:°25™™, oblonga vel subobovata, valde compressa, ore rotundato 
longispina, spinis seepe subramosis, antice ad tertiam solam alata.— 
Anne species propria, Plag. acanthostoma mst. ? 

Var. densifolia 8, Folia latissime semicordata (4°5 x 3°25™™), non autem 
orbiculata, margine antico fere recto vel etiam concavo, auricula valde 
recurvo-cristata. Perianthia subobovata, subalata vel lobulo (alam 
supplente) cum sutura intus connato aucta—Habitant varietates 
eum typo in monte Tunguragua. 


480 PLAGIOCHILA. 


32. PLAGIOCHILA PACHYLOMA, Tay]. 
Lond. Journ. Bot. 1846, p. 267.—G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. p. 641. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in monte Tunguragua, ad arbores saxaque, alt. 
2100-2800", ubi magis frequenter quam quisqualis Plagiochila in- 
venitur ; in ceteris Andibus rarius mihi videbatur. 

F 2°75 x20; ¢ gg; per 3°75™™ longa. 

Caules 2-3-pollicares, erecti vel ascendentes, parce monotropo-innovandi 
vel dichotomi, ramique apice insigniter circinati. 

Folia tulva fuscescentiave, subopposita vel plane alterna, conferta et 
vel distiche patula vel devexo-secunda, exacte cardioidea, basi lata 
semicordata, apice rotundata; margine antico subrotundato fere 
stricto recurvulo integerrima, cellulis marginalibus 2-3-seriatis 
cxeteris minoribus rufulis elongatis pulchre limbata, basi decurrentia; 
postico semiorbiculari longiciliata, ciliis sub 30, rectis rufo-badiis; 
cellule parvee subsequilateree pachydermes. 

Flores @ terminales, imnovati. Bracteze foliis sensim submajores, oblate, 
erebrius ciliates, perianthio appresse. 

Perianthia emersa rufa late campanulata compressa, hine vel utrinque ala 
ciliata aucta, ore lato oblique rotundato-truncato inciso-ciliata, ciliis 
subulatis, pulchre rufis. 

Planta ¢ humilior, magis ramosa. Androecia tenuia, lineari-fusiformia ; 
bractee seepe plurijugee, parvee, basi turgida antice in auriculam 
incurvam dilatate, 1- (raro 2-) andre. 

Var, elatior, robustior, 4-pollicaris, magis et seepe fastigiatim ramosa, foliis 
patulis vel subsecundis, pallidis, cellulis omnibus ciliisque fere con- 
coloribus.—Ad verram inter Ericeas in monte Tunguraqua.—A Pl. 
homochromate ramis equifoliatis et foliis margine antico integerrimis 
diversa. 

Pl. pachyloma varies exceedingly in aspect. Some forms have pale, 
others rufous foliage; some have it so bent back as to become secund, in 
others it is spread out nearly flat. In all forms the leaves have the 
semicircular postical margin equably set with long brown or red cilia, 
and the nearly straight antical margin bordered with narrow reddish cells, 
which give it a cartilaginous look, although not really thickened, as 
Taylor’s name implies. 


33. PLAGIOCHILA OXYPHYLLA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in sylva Llalla montis Azuay, ad arborum truncos, 
alt. 3000™. 

F 20x16; ¢ ay; br 3°75 x25; per 2°5x3'5; caps 1°25 x 1:0™™. 

Caules suberecti bipollicares di-vel trichotomi, sub flore 9 interdum sub- 
pinnulati, ramis apice  strictis vix circinatis, aliis subbasalibus 
flagellaribus. 

Folia subimbricata, horizontaliter patula, raro secunda, concoloria vel 
obscure rufo-marginata, dimidiato-ovata, basi subsemicordata, apice 
spina recté subulaté acuminata, spinula altera subantica plerumque 
divergente adjecta, rarius apice subeequaliter bispinosa; margine 
antico recto late (sed non valide) recurvo decurrente integerrima, 
postico dentato-spinosa-ciliatave, ciliis basin versus crebrioribus, in 
toto margine 18 vel paucioribus, cellule mediocres, marginem 
apicemque versus sensim multo minores. 

Flores 2 terminales, raro dichotomiales. Bractese 1-2-jugee subappressee, 


PLAGIOCHILA. 481 


foliis majores et sat latiores, margine postico validius crebriusque 
spinoso-dentate, antico autem subrecto integerrime. 

Perianthia albida, vix emersa, subcupulata, apice compressa, ore convexo 
dentato-laciniata, laciniis crebris subulato-accuminatis, antice 
spinoso-alata, postice ala brevi vel cristulis binis inferne aucta. 
Calyptra perianthio vix duplo brevior, subglobosa, demum bilabiatim 
rupta. Capsula parum exserta oblongo-globosa 6—7-strata. Elateres 
tenues dispiri, seepe utroque fine solum monospiri. Spore elateribus 
paulo latiores subleeves. 

Andreecia tenuia lanceolato-fusiformia, ramulum totum vel ejus majorem 
partem tenentia. Bractez pauci-plurijugee, 1—2-andre. 

Obs. The two postical crests of the perianth, where they exist, seem to 
arise from the soldering on of an interposed underleaf to the two lateral 
anthophyls ; but such a floral underleaf is of very rare occurrence.—The 
species is certainly very near to Pl. pachyloma, but the habit is much 
slenderer, and the spinoso-acute, or acuminate, leaves, with much fewer 
marginal cilia, amply suttice to keep the two apart. 


34, PLAGIOCHILA PERMISTA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in montis Tunguragua rivuli saxis, cum PI. 
Fuscolutea Tayl. mixta. 

F 3°25 x 25, 4:0 x 3:0; ¢ sya 3 per 4:0 x 2°5™™, 

Caudex prostratus ramosus subaphyllus. Caules 2-3-pollicares suberecti, 
simplices vel inferne subpinnatim ramulosi. 

Folia flaventia alterna, laxe imbricata, distiche patula vel decurvo-secunda, 
late semicordato-ovata subtriangularia obtusata, auricula subrecurvo- 
cristata, margine antico recurvo decurrente integerrima, postico 
apiceque distanter denticulata spinulosave, dentibus ineequalibus 
divergentibus ; cellule: subparvulee eequilateree pachydermes. 

Flores 2 terminales. Bracteze foliis submajores magis spinulose. 

Perianthia subemersa, a basi cuneata oblonga compresso-plana, exalata, 
sutura antica tamen seepe incrassata, ore oblique truncato spinuloso- 
denticulata. 

Pl. oxyphylla 8. foliis spinoso-acutis et perianthio bialato a primo visu 
diversa. Pl. Jamesoni Tayl. var. homomalla, subsimilis, perianthium in- 
signiter alatum habet necnon folia opposita. 


35. PLAGIOCHILA INCRESCENTIFOLIA, Spruce. 

Hab. In monte Tunguragqua, ad terram inter lichenes, alt 2300. 

F inferiora 1:0x 1:0; ¢ 3 -ay;3 br 35x35 5 per 45x 4:5™™, 

Caules humiles subpollicares, e caudice tenui repente suberecti, basin 
versus flagella plura microphylla seepe edentes, apice floriferi, sim- 
plices vel semel furcato-innovandi. 

Folia rufescentia subtransversa, arcte imbricata devexo-secunda, e basali- 
bus minutis usque ad involucralia magna insigniter increscentia, 
oblique orbiculata (subdimidiata); margine antico decurrente revo- 
luto inferiora integerrima vel 1—2-spina, superiora paucispina ; postico 
vix decurrente inciso-dentata, dentibus f. inferiorum 8—10, superi- 
orum sub 20, retrorsum hamatis spinoso-acuminatis, 2 apicalibus 
longicribus (sinu altiori) seepe iterum denticulatis vel deutulis inter- 
calatis; cellule mediocres v. submajores subeequilatere guttulate, in- 


482 PLAGIOCHILA. 


feriores mediz majores subelongatie, trigonis valde conspicuis cir- 
cundatee. 

Flores dioici: fcem. terminales, e basi innovandi vel non. Bractee 
maxime, f. inferioribus triplo majores, erectee appresse, profunde 
INCc1se. 

Perianthia pro plantula maxima emersa compresso-campanulata, ore sub- 
recte truncato profunde inciso-dentata, antice subsemialata, ala 
angusta integerrima denticulatave, postice carinata vel ssepe tricari- 
nata, carinis basi plerumque cristato-alatis. 

Folia flagellorum seepe profunde bi- (subinde tri-) fida, laciniis divari- 
catis.—Eandem speciem ac. Pl. implexam (L. et G. Syn. Hep. ; Gottsche 
Mex. Leverm. 76, t. 13) censerem nisi quod in hac folia caulina haud 
eodem modo sursum crescentia et f. involucralia perianthiaque multo 
minora viderim.— Pl. uncialis Tayl. (e Cap. Horn) cum nostra statura 
pusilla et caule increscentifolio conveniens, distat caule fastigiatim dicho- 
tomo, flagellis subnullis ; foliis angustioribus, semiovato-triangularibus, 
margine postico ciliatis ; perianthio ore rotundato longispino. 


36. PLAGIOCHILA HOMOCHROMA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses in monte Tunguragua, ad arborum truncos, alt. 
2600". 

F 3-25 x 2°75, 2°75 x 2°53 ¢ Ay-ay™™. 

Caules 2-3-pollicares tenues nigrescentes, valde et dichotome vel subfasci- 
culatim ramosi; rami vario modo patentes nec in eundem planum 
porrecti, laxifolii, basin versus spe micro- (apice macro-) phylli. 

Folia badia, opposita, dissita vel parum imbricata, recurvo-patula, semi- 
cordato-orbiculata, basi excepta, cireumcirca dentato-ciliolata, denti- 
bus inequalibus, basi antica recurvula subdecurrentia; cellule 
majuscule «quilateree pellucidw, marginales ceteris concolores et 
perpaulo minores. 

Flores @ terminales. Bracteze foliis multo majores, sub 2-jugee, sese 
perianthiumque arcte amplectentes, vix magis crebre dentate. 

Perianthia (juvenilia) cuneata, breviter bilabiata, labiis ciliatis. 

A P. pachylomate differt ramificatione ; foliis magis dissitis, margine 
antico rotundato et ciliolato (nee subrecto, integerrimo), cellulis majoribus 
concolovibus ; bracteis pro foliis inferioribus maximis.—Caractere ad 
Grandifolias accedit, aspectu tamen omnino Pl. pachylomatis, cui etiam 
folia subopposita interdum adsunt. 


37. PLAGIOCHILA CALOMELANOS, Spruce. 
Plagiochila Saettonit Duby Mst.? 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in monte Tunguragua, super fruticulos (Hriceas 
etc.) sustenta, 


F 6°25 x 5:0, 75x60; ¢ xy™™. 

Caules 4-6-pollicares debiles flexuosi reptantes subsimplices. 

Folia maxima, tenera fusca, siccando fere nigra, alterna, seepius dissita, 
distiche patentia solumque convexo-recurvula, ovato-orbiculata, 
basi postica late semicordata plana caulem paulo superantia, cireum- 
circa fere erebre minute ciliata, ciliis 1-3 cell. longis plerumque 


PLAGIOCHILA. 483 


cellulam unicam basi latis; cellule subeequilaterze, mediz majuscule, 
marginales 2—3-seriatee multo minores saturatius coloratee. 

Fl. ? terminales, innovandi. Bractez foliis paulo majores. Cetera 
haud visa. 

Pl. pachylomati affinis sed ut videtur distinctissima. Ad Pl. Hookeria- 
nam torma foliorum accedit, differt caulibus subsimplicibus (nee fasci- 
culato-ramosis) caudice repente carentibus. Quum frustulum mancum 
stirpis Dubyani solum vidi, de ejus identitate cum plantula supradescripta 
minus certus sum. 


38. PLAGIOCHILA STOLONIFERA, Lindenb. et Gottsche. 
Syn. Hep. 655 ; G. Mexik. Leverm. 64, t. 11. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in monte Tunguragua, ad terram inter Ericeas 
etiam ad arborum truncos. 


F 1-75 x15, 15x 1-68; c dy; per 40x40, 2°5 x 25mm, 


Caules 3-6-pollicares, e caudice prostrato cito dissoluto oriundi, czespitosi 
foliosi flexuosi et vel vage ramosi, vel dichotomi, vel haud raro apice 
fasciculato-ramosi dendroidei, ramis arcuantibus, hic illic stolones 
subaphyllos, solitarios vel fasciculatos, v varie flexos proferentes. 

Folia badia, novella flavida, haud arcte imbricata, interdum subdissita, 
per paria approximata, decurvo-secunda, late semicordato-ovata ; ; 
margine antico subrecto subdecurrente integerrimo, recurvo vel peri- 
anthium versus revoluto ; postico dentato-spinuloso-ciliatove, denti- 
bus sub 10 (8-12) ineequalibus, duobus apicalibus seepe majoribus 
(unde folia exciso-bidentata evadunt) ; cellule parvule equilatere. 
Folia stolonum seepe cuneato-obovata, apice 3-spina, deciduissima. 

Flores 2 terminales, cum vel sine innovatione. Bracteze bijugee, erecto- 
appressee, foliis suabmajures, margine undulato-crispo argute spinoso. 

Perianthia late campanulata, hine subspinoso-alata, ore compresso oblique 
subrotundato spinoso-dentato, spinis circiter 20. 

Pl. fragilis Tayl., affinis, folia habet basi utrinque longissime decurren- 
tia, Inciso-spinosa, apice profunde bifida. 


39. PLAGIOCHILA FILICAULIS, Spruce. 
Hab. Andes Quitenses, in montis Twnguragua umbrosis ad terram. 
ele D. xX 1-05 65 5 Per. ses 


Caules 3-pollicares czespitosi erecti filiformes flexuosi iteratim dichotomi, 
raro vage divisi, rainis ascendentibus, aliis stoloniformibus e foliis 
deciduis seepe flagellaribus. 

Folia parva flavida caduca, dissita raro contigua decurvula late semiovata 
rotundata, basi plus minus cuneata, margine antico subrecto recur- 
vulo plerumque integerrima, postico inciso-dentata-serratave—raro 
mere spinosa—dentibus laciniisve 6-10, subulatis acuminatis; cel- 
lulz mediocres equilateree subopace. 

Flores 9 terminales (dichotomiales). Bractez bijugze, appressee, foliis 
multo majores, circumcirea fere longidentate. 

Perianthia (juniora) campanulata ore profunde inciso-spinosa. 

A Pl. aerea Tayl. differt perianthio distincte involucrato. Propior Pl. 
stolonifere videtur ; diversa tenuitate, colore pallido; foliis multo 


484 PLAGIOCHILA. 


minoribus, profunde incisis, deciduis non vero fragilibus, denique 
cellulis majoribus diversa. 

In eodem monte adest forma ejusdem (?) speciei, humilior, interdum 
fasciculato-ramosa, foliis magis devexo-secundis margineque antico 
validius recurvo. Perianthia vetusta suppetit, sat longa, obconico- 
cylindrica, compressa, dentibus apicis imperfectis. 


40, PLAGIOCHILA COMPRESSULA, Nees. 
Lindenb. Sp. Hep. t. 30; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. p. 54. 


Hab, Andes Quitenses, in Cinchone succirubre sylvis montis Chimborazo, 
ad fruticum ramulos; etiam in valle fluvii Pastasa, ad saxa et 
ramulos : alt. 1200-1500™ (Rr. s. 1857-1860). In cortice Peruviano 
legit Lucas. 

F175 x 1:0, 2515; ¢ 44 5 per 4:5™, 

Caules 1-3-pollicares, suberecti, laxe czespitosi, ter quaterve dichotomi 
vel (in var.) tetrachotomi, basi tenui aphylla flagella brevia saepe 
edentes, apice insigniter circinati. 

Folia parvula sordide flavida olivaceave confertiuscula distiche patulo- 
recurva valde convexa, cuneato-obovata-ovatave, plus minus 
dimidiata ; margine antico subrecto recurvo integerrimo, basi longis- 
sime decurrente ; postico rotundato profunde inciso-spinoso, spinis 
7-12 ineequalibus lato-subulatis seepe divergentibus, duabus api- 
calibus pro more prelongis ; cellulz parvee guttulatee opace. 

Flores 9 dichotomiales. Bracteze foliis majores, late semicordatze, toto 
margine spinose ; bracteola parva ovali spinosa svepe interjecta. 
Perianthia emersa, cuneato-campanulata, compressa, ore lato oblique 

rotundato multispina, exalata. Capsula oblonga. 
Folia siccando patula, nee appressa ac in Pl. fragili; margine inciso- 
spinoso Tayloriam laciniatam Spruce inter muscos referunt. 


41. PLAGIOCHILA CENTRIFUGA, Tayl. in hb. Jameson. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses (JAMESON in hb.) ; in sylva Llalla montis Azuay 
(rR. 8. Aug. 1859). 

F 20x 1-75, 1:75 X15 3 ¢ Jy 3 per 4.5™™, 

Caules 1-2-pollicares erecti dense czspitosi nigri simplices bifidive, 
flagella autem hic illic edeutes. 

Folia ex olivaceo fusca conferta, e basi erecté convexo-recurvula et secunda, 
suboblique ovato-orbiculata, antice paulo longius quam postice de- 
currentia, apice bispinosa, margine postico 4—10-spinulosa, spinulis 
breviusculis acuminatis, ant.co valide recurvo integerrima ; cellule 
parvulze subsequilateree pachydermes. : 

Flores 2 terminales. Bracteze foliis multo majores, plurispinee. 

Perianthia emersa late campanulata subcomplanata, hine alata, ala infra 
apicem in spina abrupte desinente, ore oblique rotundato-truncato 
crebre spinoso. 

Planta ¢ tenuior; folia caulina minora dissitiora suborbiculata, apice 
spinoso-bidentata, sinu lato, vel 8-5-angula, angulis spinuloso-apicu- 
latis. Andrcecia terminalia, rarius medio ramo posita; claveeformia ; 
bractese orbiculataee concave paucispinee, basi antica lobulo incurvo 
unispino act, 


PLAGIOCHILA. 485 


42, PLAGIOCHILA FRAGILIS, Tayl. 
Lond. Journ. Bot. (1848); Mitt. (1851). 


Hab. in monte Tunguragua, ad arbores necnon ad terram inter Ericeas, 
alt. 2100-2800™, etiam in M. Chimborazo, alt. 1500™. 

F 2-0 x 1:25; ¢ ay-s'5 5 per 50™. 

Caules e caudice prostrato tenui demum dissoluto orti, erecti, dense 
caespitosi, 1-4-pollicares, seepe pluries dichotomi. 

Folia badia, olivacea fuscescentiave, fragillima, confertissima, devexo- 
secunda, late semiovata-cordatave ; margine antico recurvo (siccando 
revoluto) decurrente apice ineequaliter bidentata, rarius unidentata, 
postico rotundato spinosa, spinis sub 16, lato-subulatis inzequalibus 
divergentibus (seepe ruptis) ; cellulee parvulee subrotundee guttulatee 
subpellucidee. EF. ramulina magis profunde bifida, raro_ trifida, 
utraque basi longissime decurrentia ita ut a latere visa cuneata 
videantur. 

Flores ? terminales (axiales), Bracteze foliis majores, toto fere margine 
spinosee. 

Perianthia alte emersa campanulata, exalata, ore compresso crebre spinosa. 

A Pl. compressula distincta caule robustiore ; foliis magis confertis 
fragilibusque, minus longe decurrentibus, dentibus breviorlbus numer- 
osioribusque, cellulis magis distinctis. 


43. PLAGIOCHILA PINNATA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in arboribus montis Tunguragua, alt. 2400™. 

NO% U0) 15 x 15°; ¢ 2m. 

Caules e caudice ad speciem nudo intricate ramoso erecti, bipollicares 
tenues rigidiusculi nigrescentes pinnati; rami 8-10-jugi alterni 
patentes curvuli, raro bifidi, 

Folia parva fulvo-badia fragillima conferta, e basi erecta recurvo-secunda, 
oblique vel semicordato-orbiculata, tam lata quam longa, margine 
postico apiceque distanter spinosa, spinis sub 10, inzequalibus, apice 
nonnunquam bicuspidata ; cellule parvee opacze, folii insertionem 
versus multo laxiores et pellucidee. Folia ramorum tenuiorum in- 
signiter bitida, caetero margine paucidentata integerrimave. 

Flores 9 terminales. Bracteze foliis majores longioresque, subconformes. 

Perianthia (juvenilia) campanulata, ore argute laciniata. 

Pl. alvetina Nees. et Pl. deflexirama Tayl., habitu nostrati simillime, 
folia habent multo angustiora. Pl. fragilis Tayl., magis aflinis, ramifica- 
tione dichotoma et foliis ovatis distincta est. 


44, PLAGIOCHILA AMAZONICA, Spruce. 


Hab. In tota planitie Amazonica sylvestri arborum ramulos necnon 
folia viva pulcherrime decorans ; in Andibus orientalibus multo 
rarior, supra 1200™ haud visa. 

F 45x3°5, 45x30; ¢ go-s 3 per 5°0 x 2°70™, 

Caudex subramosus, in arborum ramulis foliisque longe arcte adrepens, 
haud raro pedalis! Caules seepius ultra matricem in planum horizon- 
talem expansi, substratificati, 1-4-pollicares, pinnati ; pinne paucee 
pro more breves simplices, raro subramulosi vel innovando-furcati, 
prope basin parvifolii. 

Folia parum imbricata dissitave, alterna, patentia, viridia vel jucunde 

TRANS. BOT. SOC, EDIN. VOL. XV. 3F 


PLAGIOCHILA. 


re 
(o 4) 
for) 


rosea, tenuia pellucida, prelate semiovato-oblonga, truncata ; basi 
postica plerumque semicordata, auricula recurvo-cristata; antica 
recurva, apice explanata, toto margine longissime dentato-ciliata ; 
ciliis sub 40, ad 12 cellulas longis, basi abrupte dilatatis, folii basin 
anticam versus magis contfertis et haud raro_ bipartitis; cellule 
majuscule equilatere. 

Flores 2 plerumque in ramulis terminales, raro innovatione suffulti. 
Bracteze bijugee, perianthio arcte adpresse, margine antico fere 
replicato-recurvee, circumcirca profunde inciso-ciliatee. 

Perianthia (rara) plerumque in ramulis terminalia, e cuneaté basi oblonga 
(quasi lato-linearia) compressa exalata, ore truncato crebre ciliata. 

Andreecia longispica tenuia ; bracteze plurijugee monandre. 

Var? parvifolia. Folia seepius minora et subangustiora, magis dissita, 
basi utrinque subintegerrima, margine ibidem tam recurvo ut cuneata 
videantur, antice edentata vel paucidentata, Perianthia rarissima, 
etiamsi in eodem czespite, ad fluvii Negro cataractas lecto, cum plantis 
? inveniuntur plante ¢, magis pinnatim ramose, ramis andrceciis 
tenuispicis constantibus.—Hab. in planitie ad fluvium Negro, in 
Andibus ad montem Campana, alt. 1200™. Anne eadem erit hiecce 
varietas ac Pl. subplana Lindenb. Sp. Hep. t. 14; Syn. Hep. 37.2? 
Stirps autem a cl. G. A. Lindberg in Brasilia australi lecta, ad Pl. 
subplanam a Gottscheo ipso relata, diversa species est. Ut ut sit, 
nostra forma typica, cum perianthiis ad fl. Bombonasa lecta, forsan 
a forma parvifolia pro diversa specie habenda. 

Exemplaria Lechleriana (No, 2524a !) ad Tatanara Peruvie lecta, sub 
nom. “ Pl. suplana” distributa, a Pl. amazonica certe valde diversa, 
nostre Pl. leptophylle magis aftinia. 

45. PLAGIOCHILA L&TEVIRENS, Lindenb. 
Sp. Hep. 101, t. 20. Pl. rectangularis Tayl. in hb. Jameson. 


Hab. in arborum ramulis fluvii Bombonasa inundatis, ad pedem Andium 
Quitensium orientalem, alt. 400™; etiam in Venezuela boreali ad 
arborum radices rivuli Guayaguaca, fluvio Pacimoni attuentis, irri- 
gatas. 

F 2-5 x 2:0, 2°0 x 1°5, 1°75. 1:5; ¢ Ay; per 2°5 x 2°5™™, 

Cuudex in matrice longe prorepens, caules frondiformes horizontales 
emittens. Caules 2~6-pollicares, basi seepe flabellatim divisi, dein 
bipinnati, e ramis inferioribus preelongis in frondem triangularem 
rhombiformemve expansi. 

Folia viridia, interdum flaventia vel olivacea, rarius rufula, alterna im- 
bricata patentia, late semiovata, raro subsemicordata—caulina tamen 
fere semiorbiculata—mareginibus basi valide recurvis revolutisve 
parum decurrentibus, antico fere recto apice rotundato excepto 
integerrima, postico apiceque spinuloso-denticulata, dentibus 10-12 
brevibus inequalibus; cellule parvulie eequilateree subpellucidee. 
F. ramulina longe minora angustioraque, oblonga vel subobovata, 
superne vel apice solo paucidenticulata spinulosave. 

Flores Q in ramulorum apice insidentes, raro innovatione suffulti. 
Bractexe bijuge, foliis ramulinis proximis duplo longiores, perian- 
thium arcte amplectentes, basi postica valde ampliatee, argutius 
spinulosee. 

Perianthia subemersa, cuneato-campanulata, basi turgida gibba, superne 
compressa, hine (raro utrinque) alata vel semialata, ala integerrima, 
ore subobliquo spinosa, spinis confertis flexuosis. 


PLAGIOCHILA. 487 


Var. Peruviana, rufescens, foliis subdissitis siceando tam recurvo-con- 
strictis ut linearia viderentur. In Andibus Peruvise orientalibus, ad 
arborum truncos in humidis. 

Obs. In this species, all the leaves, of both stem and branches, have 
the margins so strongly recurved at the base that they seem cuneate, 
and the general outline of the leaf obovate, whereas when flattened out 
they are found to be widest near the base, z.e. obliquely ovate, or seri- 
ovate, rarely semicordate. Jn the variety Peruviana the whole plant has 
a rufous tinge ; the leaves are rarely at all imbricated, and in drying the 
margins are so strongly rolled back that the leaves seem widely-set and 
linear ; yet when expanded by moisture their form and toothing are not 
sensibly different from those of the typical form. 

A plant gathered on Mt. Campana has regularly, though laxly, pinnate 
stems, with sometimes as many as 12 pinnze on each side, and a pinna 
usually bears a @ flower, apparently about midway, in reality the upper 
half is a subfloral innovation. This peculiarity, and the rather narrower 
leaves, 5- or 6-toothed at the rounded apex but entire elsewhere, lead me 
to suppose it a distinct species ; but as | have only very young perianths, 
Iam unable to describe it fully. 


46. PLAGIOCHILA IMPLUVIATA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad saxa in umbrosis humidis montis Junguragua, 
pl. 9; etiam ad Pallatanga, pl. ¢. 

#26 X1°75, 1°75 x 1125 ¢ sy 5 per 3:25x40™™, 

Caudex repens brevis subramosus. Caules 4-pollicares flabellatim sub- 
bipinnati, vel ex parte subdichotomi, basi e foliis ad squamulas 
breves redactis ad speciem denudati, dendritici; ramis primariis 
paucis patentibus, infimis multo longioribus, 

Folia flavo-viridia imbricata patula vel subsecunda, late semiovata (ramea 
semiovato-oblonga) margine antico recurvo basi longe oblique decur- 
rente integerrima, postico apiceque brevi-spinulosa (spinulis sub 12) 
basi edentata caulem subamplexantia ; cellula mediocres subelongate, 
trigonis conspicuis intercalatis. 

Flores 2 terminales. Bracteve foliis majores semicordato-oblongze magis 
spinosee. 

Perianthia emersa oblato-campanulata, basi subinflata, apice latiora com- 
pressa rotundata crebre spinosa, antice tota longitudine alata, ala 
lata superne spinosa, interdum acie etiam postica alata. 

Planta ¢ tenuior, laxe bipinnata, ramulis interdum fureatis, apice flori- 
feris. Bracteze 7-10-jugze julaceo-appressie, tenerrime, elongato- 
ovales, basi turgidee, apice dentato-patulee. Antheridia 4-(raro 5-) na 
ovali-globosa stipitata.—Folia caulina rameaque subangustiora, seepe 
semiovalia, angulo 45° erecto-patenteia. 

A Pl. letevirente satis distincta videtur. Caules sunt robustiores, magis 
flabellatim divisi, ad ultimos ramulos latius foliati ; folia omnia semi- 
ovata, nulla rhomboidea, siccando parum mutata nec revoluto-linearia ; 
perianthia denique majora et multo latiora, spinoso-alata, ipso apice 
compresso-plana et insigniter dilatata. 


47. PLAGIOCHILA MONTANA, Spruce. 


Hab. in monte Campana Andium Peruvianorum ad saxa humectata, alt- 
1300", 
F 2-75 x 1°75, 30x19; cae; per 30x 2:25™™, 


488 PLAGIOCHILA. 


Caudex repens ramosus. Caules 4-5-pollicares, nigrescentes, basi e foliis 
rudimentariis ad speciem nudi, superne in planum fere ramosi, 
pinnati, bipinnati vel tripinnati, ramis inferioribus sensim multo 
longioribus, frondem triangularem sistentes. 

Folia viridia tenuia imbricata semicordato-ovata rotundata, margine antico 
recurvo longe oblique decurrente basi integerrima, supra medium 
sparse denticulata, postico (basi sola, subrecurvo-cristata caulem vix 
velante, excepta) apiceque spinuloso-dentata, dentibus circiter 20, 
parvis ; cellule parvulee ezquilateree.—F. ramulina duplo breviora, 
semiovato-oblonga argutius paucidentata. 

Flores 2 in ramis terminales. Bracteze unijugee foliis perpaulo majores, 
perianthio adpressze, undulatee, valide spinoso-dentatee. 

Perianthia terminalia, alte emersa, obovato-campanulata, superne com- 
pressa, ore lato subrotundato breviuscule spinoso-dentata, hine late 
alata, ala subspinosa. 

A Pl. letevirente foliis longioribus, dentibus marginalibus duplo numero, 
perianthiis majoribus spinoso-alatis differt.— PI. Stephensoniana Mitt., 
species Novo-Zelandica, aspectu et foliornm forma Pl. montane subsimilis, 
caules habet elatissimos, ramis crebrioribus magis densifoliis.—Pl. implu- 
viata S. distinguitur colore viridi ; foliis pro more subminoribus, basi 
haud semicordatis, margine antico integerrimis ; perianthiis ore crebrius 
et longius spinosis. 


48. PLAGIOCHILA FLABELLIFRONS, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses in monte Guayrapata ad ramulos.—Ramificatione 
ad P. letevirentem, tohorum forma ad P. proceram accedit. 

Caudex perbrevis (fere scutatus) caules plures imbricatos seepe pendulinos 
edens. Caules 2—4-pollicares pinnati, bipinnati, vel etiam decom- 
positi et in frondem flabellatam reniformem expansi; rami primarii 
tamen pauci (sub 4-jugi), inferiores seepe multo longiores. 

Folia subopposita, caulina maxima, ramea sensim minora (magnitudine 
media 3°25 x 2°5™™) imbricata patula, flavida olivaceave, tenuia pel- 
lucida, latissime semicordata, margine antico recurvo integerrimo 
basi longe oblique decurrentia, postico apiceque rotundato spinulosa, 
spinulis sub 15, brevisubulatis invequilongis, auricula semicirculari 
caulem late imbricante vel in cristam elevata; cellule 3,—4™", 
equilateree. Involucra juniora sola visa. 


49, PLAGIOCHILA LONGISPINA, L. et G. 


Syn. Hep. 642; Gottsche, Mex. Leverm. t. 10. 

Hab. Andes Quitenses, in montibus Tunguragua et Pichincha, ad terram 
sub Ericearum umbra; etiam ad montis Azuay latera, in sylve 
Llaila locis graminosis umbrosis; alt. 2400-2800". Mexico, in 
monte Orizaba putea a 


F 3°75 x 3:0, 25 x 2°55 ¢ Jy—qa 5 per 5°75 x 85m, 

Caules 3—4-pollicares ciespitosi flaccidi, nigri badiive, adscendentes, ter 
quaterve dichotomi, furcis valde acutangulis. 

Folia glauco-viridia, siccando flavida, tenerrima, parum imbricata, late 
patula, horizontalia sed convexula, oblique ovato- orbiculata, cireum- 
circa crebre ciliata, ciliis longissimis (ad ‘04™™ vel 16 cellulas longis, 
basi 2 v. 3e. latis, apice tenuissimis flexuosis), basi antica sensim 


PLAGIOCHILA. 489 


decurrentia, postica caulem vix obvelantia; cellule majusculie 
oblongo-hexagone. 

Foliola parva caule velata, subquadrata, irregulariter plurifida; hic illic 
autem, juxta ramorum basin praecipue, advenit foliolum majus ovato- 
lanceolatum ciliatum. 

Flores 9 terminales, raro innovati. Bracteze foliis vix majores, orbicu- 
latee creberrime ciliate. 

Perianthia alte emersa, maxima, cupulari-campanulata, multo latiora quam 
longa, basi inflata, ore rotundato vix obliquo compressa laciniato- 
ciliata. 

Obs. Folia paulo latiora, ciliis magis concinnis fimbriata, quam in icone 

Gottscheana, |. c. ; cum ejus descriptione autem bene quadrat. 


50. PLAGIOCHILA DIVERSIFOLIA, Gottsche ? 
Mex. Leverm. 47, t. 7 et 15. Pl. palmuleflora R. S. Mst. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, prope Pallatanga cordilleree occidentalis, alt. 
1800™, ad fruticum pedem in rivuli ripis. Prope Loja legit G. E.. 
MassEE; in Andibus Granatensibus Linpia ; in Mexico LIEBMANN. 

F325 1°75; cg; per 3°75 x 45mm, 

Caules subtripollicares, nigrescentes, laxe implexi, 3-5-ies dichotomi, 
angulo furcarum subrecto vel divergente, subinde etiam parce alter- 
natlm ramosl. 

Folia pallide viridia tenuia subdissita horizontalia convexiuscula, dimidi- 
ato-ovata, apice subtruncato sub 4-spina, margine antico recurvo in- 
tegerrima vel 1-2-ciliolata, basi longe oblique decurrentia ; postico 
5-9-ciliata, ciliis parvulis sursum directis ; cellule mediocres sub- 
equilatere pellucide. F. ramea subrhomboidea argutius incisa. 

Ramuli fertiles simplices, apice clavato-incrassati, in perianthii basin 
sensim dilatati. Bractee unijuge, perianthio dissite, foliis haud 
majores apice autem magis protunde incise. 

Perianthia late spathulata, latiora quam longa, nuda, complanata, alte 
bilabiata, labiis dentato-laciniatis, laciniis a basi lata sensim acumi- 
natis. 

Obs. Perianthiis forma palmule lusoriz, ramulo clavato insidentibus 
quasi-stipitatis, species insignis. Cum descriptione cl.,Gottschei haud 
perfecte quadrat, eandem speciem esse tamen censeo. Fructum matu- 
Tum nondum examinavi, fide Gottschei autem, 1. c. “elateres solidi 
MONOSPIRI! Sub microscopio speciem edunt, ac si fibra flava unica circa 
baculum flavum spiraliter convoluta esset.” 


51. PLAGIOCHILA XANTHOCHROMA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad arborum ramulos prope Bajos (R. 8.); In monte 
Pichincha (JAMESON). 

F 30x 1-25, 3°5x1°73 ¢ dy—y™™ 

Tenuis flavida, emollita aquam cito flavo-tingens, Caules e caudice brevi 
repente radicelloso tripollicares, rubescentes, flabellatim dichotomi, 
ter quaterve furcati, furcis rectangulis, ubique eequaliter foliosus. 

Folia alterna imbricata horizontalia late patentia, duplo vel fere triplo 
longiora quam lata, faleato-semiovata ex alis late recurvis canali- 
culata (in sicco convoluta et ad speciem dissita), basi decurrente 


490 PLAGIOCHILA. 


amplexicaulia, apice subtruncato breviter paucispina, margine antico 
concavo integerrima vel 1—2-denticulata, postico distanter dentato- 
serrata, dentibus omnibus 10-12; cellulee mediocres subconformes 
vix oblongate, pariete ad angulos parum incrassato. 

Flores utriusque sexus desunt. 


52, PLAGIOCHILA DICHOTOMA (Web.) 


Prodr. p. 133 (sub Jungermania); Lindenb. Sp. Hep. t. 13 et 17 ; 
G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. p. 35. 


Hab. Ad ramulos in sylvis ripariis humidis juxta flumen Amazonum, 
precipue ad pedem Andium orientalium secus fluvios Pastasa, Bom- 
bonasa, &e. Advyenit etiam e Brasilia australiore, insula Trinidad 
aliisque Antillis, Africa et India tropicis. 

F 2°75 x 1°63, 2°0x ‘9; ¢ ds; per 3:0 x°1:5™™. 


Caudex repens ramosus, caules subhorizontales 1-3-pollicares, flabelli- 
formi-divisi, ex parte pinnati, ex parte dichotom, raro fasciculato- 
ramosi. 

Folia pallide viridia vel fulva, dissita vel subcontigua, vix unquam 
imbricata, caulina obovato- (rarius ovato-) oblonga, apice rotundato—- 
raro etiam margine postico supra medium—spinuloso-dentata den- 
ticulatave, utroque margine basi subrecurva, antice decurrentia, 
dentibus 8-16, brevibus ; folia ramea angustiora, rhomboidea vel 
ligulato-oblonga, apice paucidenticulata raro solummodo repanda 
retusave ; cellulee mediocres suboblongee. 

Flores Q terminales, seepe dichotomiales; innovatione autem interdum 
unilaterali nullave. Bracteze foliis submajores, 1-jugze, toto margine 
subspinoso-dentate, perianthio appressee vel subdissite. 

Perianthia subemersa oblongo-campanulata, antice subspinoso-alata ore 
rotundato bilabiato spinosa. 

Var. patentissima (= P|. patentissima Lindenb. Sp. Hep. 64, t. 12). Viri- 
dior, seepe sublurida, magis robusta, foliis minus dentatis, perianthiis 
exalatis—Ad fluminis Amazonum afiluentes inferiores, Trambetas, 
Aripecuru, Ramos, &c. arborum radices ramosque inundatos in- 
vestiens. 

Var. fluitans 8. Caules 4-12-pollicares, foliosi, iteratim dichotomi, angulo 
furearum acuto. Folia imbricata, latiora, flavido-olivacea, omnia 
subrhomboidea, apice rotundato, truncato retusove integerrima, raro 
repando-undulata.x—Ad ramulos fluvii Casiquiari inundatos, socio 
Hydropogonte fontinaloide (Hook.) Brid., fluitans.—Forsan species 
propria = Pl. fluitans Mst. 

Var. rivicola S. Planta ¢. Caules ascendentes 2-3-pollicares, pinnati, 
ramis paucis longis simplicibus, rarius bilidis. Folia fulva tenuia 
latiuscule imbricata (2°5 x 1:6, 1-7 x 1:1™™) oblique oblonga ovatove- 
oblonga, apice rotundato pauci-denticulata, basi antica longe oblique 
decurrentia ; cellule »™" diametro, eequilatero-hexagone pellucide. 
Andrecia terminalia tenuispica.n—Ad rivuli saxa juxta Tavalosos 
Andium Peruvie. Planta mascula Pl. dichotome videtur, licet pin- 
nata nec dichotoma ; distat insuper a typo foliis magis imbricatis 
oblongis, nunquam nec obovatis nec rhomboideis. 

Obs. I have examined what purported to be an original specimen of 

Swartz’s Jung. patula, from Jamaica, which is exactly what I have con- 

sidered typical “ dichotoma.” It is very different indeed from the “ Plag. 


PLAGIOCHILA. 491 


patula” of “Spec. Hepat.,” where both figure and description are remote 
enovgh from anything I have ever gathered. Swartz, as is well known, 
preserved in his herbarium, and gave to his friends, sometimes two or 
more species under a name published in his Flora of the West Indies. 


53. PLAGIOCHILA LAMELLISTIPULA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos, in montibus Campana et Pingullu, alt. 1100™ 
ad arbores. 

F 30x15, 2°75x15; ¢ ay3 per 40 x 2°5m™, 

Caules e candice repente ascendentes 3-4-pollicares parce dichotomi, an- 
gulo furearum subdivergente, ramis longis arcuantibus subcircina- 
tisve, neque attenuatis nec flagellaribus. 

Folia fulva confertissima patula, sicea parum mutata, semicordato-acinaci- 
formia apice acuto truncatove 3-6-spina, margine antico rotundato 
basi recurvo integerrima, postico recto vel subconcavo medium versus 
sepius integerrima vel 1-2-denticulata, basi semicirculari breviter 
5-8-spina; cellule parvulee opacee subzequilatere. 

Foliola orbiculari-reniformia vel subpeltata, primum biloba, utroque lobo 
plurilaciniato, basi utrinque e laciniis divaricatis hastata, media facie 
interna squamulis 1-4, lanceolato-subulatis sublaciniatis aucta. 

Flores 2 terminales. Bracteze unijugze perianthio appress, foliis majores, 
spinoso-serratee undulate; bracteola foliolis paulo major, subcon- 
formis, perseepe perianthii tergo adnata. 

Perianthia subemersa obovato-cuneata, antice posticeque anguste sub- 
spinoso-alata, ore compresso rotundato longispina. 


Pl. hypnoide major, Pl. cristatam eemulans, ab his ceeterisque congeneri- 
bus foliorum forma foliolisque differt; ramis pectinatim foliosis facie 
externa myriapoda nonnulla simulat. 


54. PLAGIOCHILA THYSANOTIS, Spruce. 


Hab. Ad truncos, preecipueque ad arbuscularum ramos, in sylvis flum. 
Amazonum humilioribus et recentioribus, in iis pre aliis juxta fl. 
Negro ripas frequens. 

£2010, 2°2x 1:2; cell Pos; f'2°5 5 per 3:0x1°7, 35x 15mm, 

Caudex in cortice longe arcte adrepens. Caules 1—3-pollicares, liberi et 
a matrice (seepissime fruticis ramulo) utrinque horizontaliter patuli, 
stratificati, validiusculi stricti, in planum iteratim dichotomi, angulo 
dichotomiz acuto, frondes semiorbiculares flabelliformesve effor- 
mantes, ramique pectinatim polyphylli. 

Folia viridia vel flavida, ad vel ultra 4 imbricata, semicordato-ovato- 
oblonga, vel superne fere parallellogramma, apice truncato 4-5-spina, 
margine antico recurvo longe oblique decurrente solum sub apice 
explanato et 1-2-dentato, postico spinuloso-serrato, spinulis omnibus 
ad 30, illis ad auriculam semilunatam amplexicaulem vel reflexam 
ciliiformibus hamatis; cellule parvule equilateree ad angulos con- 
spicue incrassatee. 

Foliola parva 4-5-partita, laciniis flexuosis perangustis inzequilongis. 

Flores dioici: Q in ultimis ramulis terminales, rarius e dichotomiis, 
Bracteze 2—4-jugee sese perianthiumque arcte tegentes, foliis majores, 
undulate basi dilatatee, circumcirca inciso-serrate, dentibus varie 
directis. 


492 PLAGIOCHILA. 


Perianthia subemersa obovato-campanulata, inferne turgida, superne 4- 
(interdum 5-6-) plicata—rarius complanata, ore rotundato-truncato 
spinosa, spinis sub 40 subulatis haud preelongis, antice brevi spatio 
alata. Capsula magna ovali-globosa, in pedicello perianthium vix 
superante. 

Pro habitu et foliorum forma Pl. disticham L. et L. (Spec. Hepat. t. 33), 
valde refert; illa tamen certe diversa est foliis multo brevius spinulosis, 
auricula calva nec ciliata, et perianthio ore tenui-ciliato nee late laci- 
niato. 

Var. megalostipa, viridis, foliis paulo crebrius dentatis, foliolis magnis 
reniformibus (1°3 x ‘8™™) seepe bilobis profunde ineequaliter laci- 
niato-ciliatis, ciliis duobus mediis longissimis filiformibus.—Hab. 
ad fl. Cadpuré fl. Trombetas tributarium ; etiam ad Yurimaguas 
fluvii Huallaga in Crescentie cortice. 

Huic persimilis est, quoad foliola magna laciniata, Plagiochila Orbig- 
niana Mont. (Spec. Hepat. t. 20), cui tamen adsunt folia basi latiora 
longissime decurrentia, ad auriculam solum paucidentata neque crebre 
longiciliata. 

Var. fimbriata, robustior, foliis angulo acutiore patentibus, angustioribus, 
prelonge ciliato-spinosis, ciliis ad auriculam creberrimis hamato- 
flexuosis. Foliola majuscula (‘8 x*6™™) ovata in cilia plura pro- 
funde fissa, ciliis mediis preelongis filiformibus arcte articulatis.— 
Hab. ad fl. Negro superiorem intra Venezuelee fines, locis San Carlos 
aliisque. 

Forsan heeece varietas, idem ac prior, melius pro specie propria 
habenda. 


55. PLAGIOCHILA FIMBRISTIPULA, Spruce. 


Hab. in truncis putrescentibus cum Leucobryis &c. mixta, in sylvis humi- 
lioribus juxta fluvii Negro cataractas. 

F 20 1-0, 1°8 % *gQmm : IRE *8—-Qmm longa ; c gpm. 

Caules 3-pollicares ascendentes laxe caspitosi, simplices bifidive, apice 
seepe Incurvi. 

Folia pallida tenuia confertim imbricata semicordato-ovato-oblonga, 
subfaleata, margine antico valde concavo recurvulo longius deecur- 
rente integerrima, postico suberispo superne spinoso-dentata ad 
auriculam cristatam ciliata, apice truncato seepius 3-4-spina, dentibus 
omnibus sub 20; cellule parvulee wquilateree pellucide. 

Foliola plus duplo breviova, latiora quam longa, plurilaciniata, laciniis 
ad 15, ineequalibus ciliiformibus varie flexis. 

Flores 9 terminales, innovatione suffulti. Bractece unijugee, elongate, 
margine postico magis incise crispateeque. 

Perianthia subimmersa campanulata compressa exalata, ore rotundato 
dentato-ciliata. 

Pl. thysanotis differre videtur caule ramosiore; foliorum dentibus 
ciliisque magis numerosis; bracteis 2—4-jugis circumcirea inciso-dentatis; 
perianthiis superne semper fere plicatis. 


56. PLAGIOCHILA HYPNOIDES (Willd.) 


Hab. per sylvam Amazonicam, ad arbores preeprimis pomiferas, locis 


PLAGIOCHILA. 493 


Caript prope Pard; Manaos; Obidos; San Carlos del Rio Negro 
(in Coffee foliis vivis); &e. 

F 25 x 1:3, 2°1x1:4; ¢ A —ss 3 per 30x21. 

Late depresso-ceespitosa, flavida ; caules e caudice repente 1-3-pollicares 
dichotomi, pauciramei vel fere simplices, siccando apice seepe circi- 
nati, foliisque arcte decurvo-secundis. 

Folia imbricata, haud raro confertissima, angulo 70° patentia, semicordato- 
ovato-oblonga, apice rotundato-truncato 4-5-dentata; margine antico 
basi decurrente ad $ vel altius recurvo, sub apice 1—pauci-dentata ; 
postico fere transverso, recto vel medio concavo, toto breviter den- 
tato-serrato-spinulosove (d. omnibus 14—28, 4 cell. longis), auricula 
semicirculari reflexo-cristata distanter dentata interdum subcalva ; 
cellule parvule equilatere vel suboblongee plus minus opacee, 
pariete incrassato. 

Foliola parva semilunata, vel amorpha, plurifida. 

Flores 2 terminales, raro dichotomiales. Bracteze subbijugee, haud con- 
fertz, patulz, postice crebrius sed breviuscule dentato-laciniatze ; 
bracteolie foliolis paulo latiores. 

Perianthia emersa oblongo-campanulata inferne obtuse quadrangula, 
superne compressa, ore rotundato-truncato bilabiata plurilaciniata, 
laciniis sub 60 brevibus spe ciliiformibus, antice ala perangusta 
apice unispina tota fere longitudine percursa. Andrcecia in ramis 
terminalia—raro basilaria—ovoidea ; bractece paucijugee confertissime 
tenerrime ovate concave, apice patente dentate ; antheridia 4-na 
magna brevipedicellata. 

Jungermania hypnoides Willd. hb. 

Plagiochila hypnoides Lindenb. Sp. Hep. Plag. p. 37, t. 7 et 11. 

Nostra cum Pl. hypnoide, quoad stirpem Paraensem, |. c. depictam 
exacte convenire videtur. PI. serrata 8 surinamensis ejusdem operis, t. 30 
a Pl. hypnoide haud distinguenda ; Pl. serrata Rothii typica tamen (op. 
c. t. 6) foliis dimidio supero fere parallelogrammis certe diversa erit. 

Pl. Guilleminiana Mont. (e Guiana) forsan nil aliud esset nisi Pl. 
hupnoidis forma foliis paulo minus dentatis, auricula calva. Inter formas 
Pl. hypnoidis foliis magis dentatis gaudentes et Pl. plicatam Lindenb. & 
G. Mex. Leverm. t. 9, nullum discrimen invenio. 


57. PLAGIOCHILA HORTORUM, Spruce. 


Hab. Ventanas prope Guayaquil in Theobrome cortice. Fl. Caipura, flum. 
Amazouum tributarium, ad Mangiferam indicam et Citrum Aur- 
antiacum. 

20% 1505 ca; br: 25x 1:5; per 3:0'x2:0™™. 

Pusilla czespitosa viridissima tenera. Caules e caudice brevi repente 
1-1}-pollicares flabellatim dichotomi. Folia conferta, angulo 70° 
patentia, subhorizontalia, semicordato-ovato-oblonga rotundata trun- 
catave, margine antico longiuscule decurrente late alteque recurvo 
infra apicem 1—2-dentata, postico toto apiceque dentato-serrulata, 
dentibus omnibus sub 25, iis ad auriculam subreflexam setiformibus; 
cellulze subconformes parvul, pariete incrassato, 

Foliola nulla, vel parva et in setas 6-8 partita. 

Flores dioici: 2 terminales et dichotomiales. Bracteze intime dilatate, 
apice et margine postico dentato-spinulose, antico serrulate ; brac- 
teola vel 0 vel foliolis vix diversa. 


494 PLAGIOCHILA. 


Perianthia emersa oblongo-campanulata, inferne turgida, ore truncato 
rotundatove compressa pluriciliata, ciliis 60-64, breviusculis sub- 
flexuosis, antice a basi ad 3 alt., vel ad apicem usque, spinuloso- 
alata. Capsula magna ovali-globosa in pedicello perianthium vix 
duplo longiore suffulta. 

A Pl. hypnoide et serrata diversa statura humiliore, teneritate ; a priore 
foliis basi minus dilatatis, margine minus argute serratis.—Planta Ama- 
zonica a Guayaquilensi paulo differt foliis infra medium parum latioribus, 
auricula basi ipsa calva, dentibus paucioribus (15-20) ; perianthio longiore 
ovato-campanulato antice suturd elevata percurso, vix tamen alato. In- 
terdum adjicitur bracteola magna cordato-orbiculata breviter bifida mar- 
gine spinosa. 

. 58, PLAGIOCHILA FLORIDA, Spruce. 


Hab. ad arborum ramulos fl. Ramos, flum. Amazonum tributarii, irrigatos. 
Ad arbusculas juxta rivulos Andium Peruvianorum prope Tarapoto. 

F 20x10; css; br 3-0; per 32x30; caps 13x 1:1™. 

Viridis tenella, caule 2-pollicares pluries (ad 7-ies) dichotomo, ramis 
brevibus paucifoliis, terminalibus floriferis, nulio flore in furcis. 
Folia subimbricata, apice solo dissita, basi breviuscule decurrente excepta 
angulo fere recto patentia, semicordato-ovato-ligulata, truncata— 
superne fere rectangularia vel rhomboidea, margine antico subrecto 
inferne recurvulo superne plano et infra apicem 1—2-dentato, postico 
apiceque ineequaliter spinosis, spinis omnibus 15-20 pungentibus, 
aliis brevibus aliis longioribus subulatis, ad auriculam depresso- 
sinuosam sepe tenuibus hamatis; cellule parvule subpellucide, 
superiores fere eequilateree subleptodermes, inferiores oblongo-hexa- 

gone, pariete subincrassato. _ Foliola nulla. 

Flores dioici: ¢ terminales. Bractez propriz bijugee, foliis dimidio 
longiores subundulatz, basi dilatatee, margine plurispine, aliis spinis 
prelongis subulato-acuminatis varie flexis. 

Perianthia subemersa campanulata, inferne turgida, apice compressa, antice 
sutura elevaté percursa (vix subalata), postice seepe profunde hiantia, 
ore bilabiata, labiis rotundatis laciniato-spinosis ; spinis paucis, 
magnis, omnibus sub 24 (dentulis 3 v. 4 utrinque ad rimam in- 
comptis) seepe per paria subdivergentibus. Pedicellus validus cel- 
lulas 10 ecrassus, cellulis tamen tenuissimis (ex siccatione ?) sinuosis, 
perianthium perpaulo excedens. Calyptra perianthio $ brevior 
angustiorque ovali-globosa, demum lacera, basin versus 2 cell. 
crassa, ipsa basi pistillidiis sterilibus obsita. Capsula oblongo- 
globosa valida 4-valvis—valvula una alterave swepe biloba—stratis 
3 v. 4 conflata, strato intimo tenui (cellulis helice incompleto faretis), 
exterioribus sensim subcrassioribus (cellularum parietibus internis 
distanter trabeculatis nodosisve). Elateres longiusculi subobtusi 
arcte bispiri. Spore minute tetraedro-globose leves. 

Pl. serrata (Roth) folia habet basi sublatiora, margine brevius dentato- 
serrata, involucralia preecipue et perianthii orificium multo tenuius 
armata. 

59. PLAGIOCHILA VENUSTULA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos, in M. Guayrapurina. ad saxa et arborum 
truncos, alt. 900™. 
I 20% 1:0 2 ¢ ay : per 15x 1:0™™, 


PLAGIOCHILA. 495 


Caudex repens ramosus, caules liberos 1-2-pollicares tenues aqualiter 
foliosos, laxe stratificatos, seepe iteratim acute prolifero-dichotomos 
proferens. 

Folia pallide viridia imbricata patula, longe semicordato-ovata, subscal- 
pelliformia, auricula subrecurvo-cristata, margine antico recurvulo 
subdecurrente apicem versus bispinosa, postico ad ipsa basi apiceque 
(subobtuso) argute spinoso-dentata, dentibus omnibus sub 20, rectis 
hamatisve, apicalibus majoribus ; cellule mediocres suboblongz 
zuttulatee. 

Foliola nulla. 

Flores 2 dichotomiales. Bracteze 1-2-juge, foliis multo majores et 
magis profunde incisee, laxiusculz. 

Perianthia (vix matura) immersa, campanulata, turgida, ore oblique 
truncato crebre laciniato-dentata perpaulo compressa, hine late alata, 
ala apice spinulosa. 

Obs. A very pretty, delicate species, with somewhat of the habit of a 
pale form of Pl. dichotoma ; but in the scalpelliform leaves, with a sub- 
eristate auricle at the semicordate base, showing more approach to Pl. 
hypnoides and cristata; in reality distinct from all, and intermediate 
between the cristate and spinulose groups. The innovations arise usually 
from the very base of the perianth—more rarely from the axil of the 
le bracts ; and sometimes there is a pair on each side, making four 
in all. 


60. PLAGIOCHILA RHIZOPHILA, Spruce. 


Hab. ad arborum radices juxta fluvium Pastasa, alt. 1400™, in Andibus 
Quitensibus. 

F3-0x1°75, 22x15; ¢ hy™™, 

Caules elati, 4-pollicares, erecti, basi sola exfoliati, bis—quaterve dicho- 
tomi, ramis fastigiatis subparallelis apice sepe incurvis. 

Folia flavo-viridia confertissima, distiche patula vel recurvo-secunda 
semicordato-ovata obtusa, margine antico revoluto distanter denticu- 
lata basi longe oblique decurrentia, postico (auricula semilunari 
integerrima excepta) denticulata, hand crispa, apice subspinulosa, 
dentibus omnibus sub 20, parvis ; cellule parvule equilaterze pellu- 
cide. Foliola nulla. Flores non habui. 

Pl. Guilleminiana Mont.; Lindenb. Sp. Hep. t. 33; G. L. et N. Syn. 
Hep. 45 ; nostre subaflinis, caules habet breviores, ramis minus fasti- 
giatis ; folia haud conferta, basi minus decurrentia, margine nisi apicem 
versus subintegerrima. 


61. PLAGIOCHILA DIsTICHA, Lehm. et Lind. 


Hab. S. Gabriel da cochoetra, ad rupes inundatas. ‘Guiana et Sierra 
Leone” (Syn. Hep.) 

F 25x11, 20x10: ¢ fy-ps™™. 

Luride flavo-viridis in plagas latas prostrata ; caules 3-pollicares aqui- 
foliati, parum dichotomi vel fere simplices. 

Folia angulo subacuto patentia parum imbricata—siccando ad speciem 
dissita—semicordato-ovato-ligulata subfalcata apice oblique truncata 
dentataque, margine postico toto distanter denticulata, antico 
longiuscule decurrente basi recurvulo integerrima, dentibus omnibus 
sub 10, ad auriculam parvam subappressam ciliiformibus perpaucis 


496 PLAGIOCHILA. 


cellulze parvulze oblongo-hexagonze leptodermes subchlorophyllose 
Foliola subnulla. 

Flores Q terminales, innovatione plerumque solitaria suffulti. Bracteze 
foliis submajores, margine postico toto laciniatee. 

Perianthia (rudimentaria) ore laciniata, laciniis breviusculis haud 
numerosis. 

Habitus in sicco fere Pl. dichotome, a qua tamen sat longe distat 
species. 


62. PLAGIOCHILA DEPRESSA, Spruce. 


Hab. ad arborum truncos per fl. Negro totum, parcissime tamen obser- 
vata, locis fl. Tarumd, S. Gabriel, et sylva Javita (Venezuele). 

F 28x 1°8, 2°2x 1:3 (x 1:05, sine ciliis) ; ¢ 3,—35™™. 

Grandiuscula prostrata stratificata pallide fusca apice virescens. Caules 
2~-3-pollicares flaccidi parum furcati polyphyll:. 

Folia imbricata, recentia et sicca subplana, basi antica longe arcuato- 
decurrentia, dein late (ad angulum 70°-80°) patentia, semicordato- 
oblonga, apice rotundato-truncato argute breviuscule dentato- 
spinosa; utroque margine subrecto (ze. parum rotundato) antico ad 
2 alt. usque recurvo, ab ipsa basi spinulis parvis remotis armato, 
postico sub apice spinuloso, cxeterum ciliato, ciliis rectis haud con- 
fertis, nisi ad auriculam parvulam ubi crebris longioribus et in- 
eurvis ; dentibus omnibus sub 32, 3-8 cellulas longis. Cellule 
mediocres subconformes eequilateree ambitu late opace, pariete con- 
spicue incrassato. 

Foliola nulla vel parva, in crura 3 filiformia partita. 

Flores dioici: Q terminales, innovatione utroque latere—interdum binis 
—suffulti. Bracteze foliis consimiles nisi pro margine toto longius 
ciliato antice revoluto. Bracteola (ubi adest) semicircularis margine 
in lacinias ciliiformes dissoluta. Perianthia (valde juvenilia) ore 
bilabiato ciliata, antice subalata. 

Huic proxima est Pl. hylacatis Spruce, differt autem rubedine, foliis 
confertioribus, ciliis crebrioribus, basalibus (ad auriculam magnam 
preecipue) longissimis. 


63. PLAGIOCHILA HYLAC@TIS8, Spruce. (Tab, XVIII.) 


Hab. ad truncos putrescentes in sylvis primeevis secus fluvios Casiquiart 
et Uaupés. Pulcherrima species! 

F 3°75 x2°0 ; ¢ #y™™. 

Ciespites lati; caudices longe repentes, intricato-ramosi, matrici arcte 
adherentes, exfoliati. Caules assurgentes, 1}-3-pollicares, simplices 
furcative, rarius ramos perpaucos edentes, ramique densifolii, seepe 
basi apiceque attenuati, subinde in flagellum aphyllum abeuntes. 

Folia pro more pulchre rubescentia, arcte imbricata, distiche patula, 
semicordato-ovata, apice rotundato spinoso-dentata ; margine antico 
revoluto, basi longe decurrente ciliata, medio integerrima, apice sub- 
spinulosa ; postico toto ciliata, basi semiorbiculari_ amplexanti- 
decurrente longissime creberrimeque ciliata, ciliis millimetrum (vel 
cellulas lineares 10-12) longis, dentibus cillisque totius folii ad 50 
usque ; cellule parvulee aquilateree papuloso-prominule.  Foliola 
ex more nulla. 

Andrecia terminalia polyphylla. 


PLAGIOCHILA. 497 


64. PLAGIOCHILA crisTaTA, Sw. Prodr. p. 143. G. L. et N. Syn. 
Hep. p. 46. 


Habitat Andes Quitenses ad truncos in monte Abitagua, alt. 1500", 
F 40x15 2G qb-¢s™™. 


0 5 

Caules 4-6-pollicares e caudice repente erecti pendulive dichotomi sub- 
pinnative, ramis flexuosis incurvisve sepe in flagella abeuntibus, 

Folia pulchre aurea distiche patula elongato-triangularia scalpelliformia, 
basi profunde semicordata, margine antico subrecto subintegerrima 
longissime oblique decurrentia, postico subconvexo auriculaque semi- 
oblonga spinuloso-dentata, apice seepius bispinosa, dentibus omnibus 
20-30 ; cellule parvule elongato-hexagone vel subrectangulares, 
paucissimis vacuis exceptis chlorophyllosie, basales precipue utriculos 
plurimos primordiales foventes. Flores non habui. 


65. PLAGIOCHILA GYMNOTIS, Spruce. 


Hab. ad saxa juxta rivulos, socia Lejewnea longiflora Tayl., prope Tarapoto 
Andium Peruvianorum. 

F 21x15; ¢ py; br 30x20; br 11x 1-0, 

Flavo-viridis valde pellucida. Caules e caudice repente ascendentes 
bipollicares, ex parte pinnati, ramis oppositis, ex parte dichotomi. 
Folia majuscula imbricata late patentia convexa semicordato-ovata, late 
truncata apiceque dentato-4-spinulosa, margine antico recurvo in- 
tegerrimo vel sub apice unidentato, postico distanter 3—5-spinuloso 
spinulis latis acutis, auricula reflexa decurrente integerrima; cellule 
parvule omnes fere equilaterse, vel suprabasales parum oblonge, 

pariete ad angulos incrassato. 

Foliola parva ad basin usque varie laciniata. 

Flores dioici: ? terminales, hinc vel utrinque innovatione—simplice vel 
prolifera—suffulti. Bracteze 2-3-jugee arcte appresse foliis dimidio 
majores, margine antico revoluto paucidentato, posticoapiceque crebri- 
uscule laciniato-spinosis undulato-crispulis; bracteola intima majus- 
cula orbiculata margine laciniata, interdum extus lamellis spiuosis 
1-3 armata ; bracteola secunda parum minor ovalis. 

Perianthia (juvenilia) campanulata, ore compresso rotundato-truncato 
plurilaciniata, antice spinuloso-alata. 

Pl. flavescens L. et G. (Mex. Leverm. t. 17), subsimilis, folia habet 
longe crebrius dentato-spinosa. 


66. PLAGIOCHILA PENSILIS, Spruce. 


Hab. in monte Chimborazo, ad ramulos, alt. 1200™. 

F 4:0 x 2:0 (basi decurrente inclusa); br 3°5 x 3-0; per 4:0 3°5™™, 

Caules e candice repente penduli, preelongi, 6-pollicares, pinnati et sub- 
bipinnati, ramis dissitimsculis incurvis. 

Folia virescentia late imbricata, e basi profunde semicordata scalpelli- 
formia; margine antico subrecto inferne recurvo-sinuato integerrima, 
ipsa basi longissime decurrente excepté ubi minute 3-spinulosa, 
raro etiam sub apice unispina; margine postico, ad auriculam recurvo- 
cristatam preecipue, spinoso-ciliata, spinis 16-20 inzequilongis sepe 
hamatis, mediis brevioribus dissitis, apicalibus duabus seepe magnis 
(unde folia truncato-bispina evadunt); cellulee parvulze subeequales. 


498 PLAGIOCHILA. 


Flores 2 in ramulis terminales. Bractez foliis caulinis subbreviores, 
dimidio latiores, rotundate acuminateve, undulatie, toto margine, 
basi antica precipue, crebre longispine. Bracteola interdum adest, 
anguste oblonga, spinosa, cum altera vel utraque bracteze alte con- 
nata. 

Perianthia parum emersa compresso-poculiformia exalata, ore rotundato- 
truncato spinis preelongis subulatis armata. ; 

A Pl. cristata Sw., affini,, differt ramis apice nunquam flagellaribus; 
foliis latioribus, margine postico spinoso-ciliatis (nec solum spinuloso- 
dentatis), cellulis haud elongatis. 


67. PLAGIOCHILA OREOCHARIS, Spruce. 

Hab. Andes Peruvianos in monte Campana, alt. 1200™, ad arbores. 

F25x15; ¢py-sh; per 2°75 x 2°5™™, 

Caudex breviter repens, vel scutatus, multicaulis. Caules 3-4-pollicares, 
imbricati, basi seepius flabellatim divisi, dein pinnati vel subbipin- 
nati, aliis ramulis furcatis, floribundi. 

Folia arete imbricata amplexicaulia, distiche patula, late semicordato- 
ovato-oblonga vel subtrapezoidea, margine antico inferne recurvo 
longe decurrente integerrima vel apicem versus subdenticulata, 
postico apiceque (truncato vel rotundato) sparse denticulata, auri- 
cula magna subintegerrima vel spinulis varie flexis armata, dentibus 
omnibus 12-18, brevibus, ineequalibus; cellule parvule vix ob- 
longee. 

Flores 2 in ramulorum apice et dichotomia terminales. Bracteze uni- 
jugee, perianthio adpressee, valde dilatate, latiores quam longee, in- 
ciso-dentatie. 

Perianthia haud vel parum emersa, campanulata, tetragona exalata, ore 
lato valde obliquo compresso alte bilabiata spinoso-fimbriata. 

A Pl. hypnoide differt ramificatione pinnata, nec dichotoma; foliis lati- 
oribus et (ad auriculam preecipue) minus dentatis; bracteis 1- (nec 
2—-4-) jugis; perianthio latiore exalato, &c.; demum montes ascendit 
quando Pl. hypnoides planitiem relinquere non solet.—Ad Pl. implu- 
viatam et Pl. montunam inter Lrondescentes accedit. 


68. PLAGIOCHILA THYOIDES, Spruce. 
3: 


Hub. Andes Quitenses, ad fluvium Verde fluvio Pastasa confluentem, in 
arbustorum ramulis. 

F 22x12, 30x 20, 30x 225; ¢ dy; fl 75-1-0mm, 

Caules 4—5-pollicares validi erecti, basi simplices, dein pinnatim ramosi 
ramis vix semipollicaribus. 

Folia flavo-viridia, conferta, distiche patula, late semicordata obtusa, 
basi utrinque longissime decurrentia, apicem versus spinuloso-denti- 
culata, dentibus 6-12, brevibus, caeterum integerrima, margine antico 
revoluto, postico basi semicirculari crispulo; cellule parvee equilatere. 

Foliola triplo breviora, simplicia vel bi-tripartita, integerrima seu sub- 
spinosa, segmentis subulatis sensim attenuatis recurvo-canaliculatis, 
varie tortis involutisve et implexis, pellucidis. 

Flores 9 ad ramos terminales. Bracteze foliis longiores 2-jugee, postice 
undulato-crispe, margine ipso postico spinoso-denticulate. 


PLAGIOCHILA. 499 


Perianthia campanulata, ore prelato obliquo longispinoso-ciliata, hinc 
alata, ala spinulosa. 

P. deflexirama Tayl. (a JAMESON in M. Pichincha lecta) ramis pinnatis 
ac in nostra gaudet, differt autem absentia foliolorum, et foliis dimidiato- 
ovato-oblongis. P. abietina Nees, satis superque distincta foliis plus 
duplo miuoribus, toto fere margine dentatis et ciliatis, necnon foliolorum 
absentia completa. 


69. PLAGIOCHILA BRYOPTEROIDES, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos, ad arborum radices in monte Campana, alt. 
’ i} ’ 
1200™™, 
+ ° . 0A 1 
F 20x10, 19x 9; ¢ fy-Ae™™. 


Caudex prostratus ramosus, foliis denudatus, multicaulis. Caules 3-polli- 
cares, imbricati, arcte bipinnati, plumam ambitu lanceolatam fin- 
gentes, pinnis cujusque lateris usque ad 20, apice decurvulis ; alii 
basi in plumam bi-tritidam divisi. 

Folia conferta patula semiovata-cordatave obtusata vel rotundata ; margine 
antico concavo recurvo apicem versus bidenticulata; postico toto 
fere apiceque breviuscule argute spinuloso-denticulata, dentibus sub 
15, basi integerrima caulem imbricantia et ssepe recurvo-cristata ; 
cellule minutulz zequilateree opacee. Flores non aderant. 

Pl. thyovdes differt caule simpliciter pinnato; foliis longe decurrentibus, 
margine postico minus dentatis, basi crispulis ; denique preesentia foliol- 
orum. Pl. montana (inter Frondescentes) elatior est, frondem triangul- 
arem sistens ; foliis longioribus magis dentatis, cellulis majoribus. 

Obs. Species iste tres ultime foliis basi recurvo-cristatis certe cum 
Cristatis conveniunt, e ceteris caracteribus autem habituque melius forsan 
inter Frondescentes collocavissent. 


XXVII. SYZYGIELLA, Spruce. 
In Journ. Bot. (1876). 


Plante elatz speciose cespitose, e flavo-viridi rosez, rarius pur- 
pureo-sanguinee. Cuwules validi assurgentes parum ramosi, ramis 
lateralibus, e folii axilla versus angulum posticum ortis, subtus 
radicellosi, flagellis nullis. Folia magna, 3-4™™" longa, oblique 
inserta, succuba, opposita, antice posticeque basi contigua subcon- 
natave, ovato-triangularia, raro suborbiculata, margine antico recurva, 
basi postica ampliata, apice pro more ineequaliter bidentata, in aliis 
speciebus autem integra; vel alia integra, alia oblique unidentata, 
alia bidentella in una et eadem stirpe. Cellule mediocres equi- 
laterze incrassatee, trigonis angularibus magnis sepe intensius color- 
atis. foliola nulla nisi ad involucrum. lores dioici: §  ter- 
minales, fertiles innovatione nulla stipati. Bractee bijuge, foliis 
seepe subbreviores, interiores mediante bracteola bifida in cyathum 
10-vel pluri laciniatum, laciniis integerrimis spinulosisve, connatee. 


~ 


500 SYZYGIELLA. 


[ Folia subfloralia 3-4-juga, ceteris caulinis basi antica latiora altius- 
que connata, margine sinuata vel obsolete lobulata—anne olim antheri- 
diifera?] Pésti/lidia 20-30.  Perianthia maxima, ovata, turgida, 
apicem constrictum versus 4—5—8-vel 10-plicata. Calyptra parvula, 
dimidio infero subincrassata, supero tenuis. Capsula alte exserta, 
maxima, oblongo-globosa, valida, ad basin usque 4-valvis ; cetera 
Eujungermanie. Andrecia medio caule posita; bractee 3 foliis 
caulinis consecutive, subminores, paucijugee ; antheridia.... .« 

Hab. perseepe arborea, raro terrestris, Dzst7. in montibus Americ 
tropice, a Mexico et Antillis ad Chil usque; etiam in insula 
Java. 


Syzygiella, habitu, foliis margine antico valide recurvis, basi postica 
dilatata seepe recurvo-cristatis, Plagiochilas oppositifolias valde refert. 
Differt caule radicelloso ; perianthiis turgidis apice constricto 4-pluri- 
plicatis (neque compressis ancipitibus macrostomis eplicatis ad Plagio- 
chile instar). Alize species pro Jungermaniis, alive pro Plagiochilis, jam- 
pridem habende fuerunt; sc. J. J. perfoliata Sw., macrocalyx Mont., 
concreta G. Mex. Leverm. t. 19, Play. varvegata Lindenb. Sp. Hep. t. 33, 
&e. 

1. SYZYGIELLA PLAGIOCHILOIDES, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad rivuli saxa humectata, in monte Pichincha 
(pl. Q fertilis); etiam in monte Tunguragua et in sylva Canelos, ad 
truncos vetustos necnon in ipsa terra inter Ericeas; alt. 1500- 
SDU0m: 

F 38x30, 3°3x2°3 3 cays; per 6x4; cal 25x16; caps 3 x 2mm, 

Elata caespitosa arcuato-ascendens pendulave, e flavo-viridi rosea purpura- 
scensve ; caules 2-4-pollicares, ubique foliosi, ad foliorum bases 
posticas albido-radicellosi, parce ramosi; rami e foliorum axilla 
angulum posticum versus orti, fastigiati. 

Folia imbricata, distiche patentia vel seepius decurvo-secunda, opposita, 
antice posticeque basi brevissime connata, late oblique semicordato- 
triangularia, apice truncato-bidentata, sinu obtuso acutove, dentibus 
spini-ciliiformibusve subinequalibus, ceeterum integerrima repan- 
dula, margine antico recurvo basi subdecurrente, auriculé postic& 
caulem late transeunte seepeque recurvo-cristata ; cellule mediocres 
cequilateree pellucidee fere vacuse, pariete incrassato, trigonis con- 
spicuis. 

Flores dioici: Q terminales, fertiles innovatione nulla suffulti. Bracteze 
bijugee, foliis breviores latioresque, mediante bracteola parvula in 
involucrum duplicem, utrumque 10-vel pluri-laciniatum-plicatumque, 
laciniis integerrimis vel spinoso-subdentatis, alte connate, antice 
tamen liberee. [Vidi imo bracteam utramque 10-fidam, mediante 
bracteola 4-fida, in involucrum 24-fidum connatas.]  Pistillidia 
plura, 20-30.—Folia subfloralia 3-juga, ceteris caulinis sensim 
latiora basique altius connata, conferta, margine antico basin versus 
precipue sinuato-denticulata-spinulosave crispatula, postico repanda 
aliquando basin versus paucidenticulata. 

Perianthia alte emersa pallida ovata turgida, apicem obtusatum trunca- 


SYZYGIELLA. 501 


tumve versus 5-8-10-plicata, ore constricto denticulata demum pluri- 
fida. Calyptra plus duplo brevior obovato, basin versus pistillidiis 
20 vel pluribus obsita, basi ipsa 4 cellulas, paulo altius 2 cell., 
dimidio supero autem cellulam unicam crassa. Capsula maxima, 
ealyptra imo longior eandemaue apice cito rumpens, oblongo-rotunda, 
pedicello tenuiusculo longiusculo suffulta. 

Andreecia in planta propria, medio canle posita; bractez foliis caulinis 
consecutive, minores, paucijugee, basi erecto-ventricosa arcte imbri- 
cate, raro dente antico suprabasali auctz ; antheridia (fragmentaria) 
solitaria videbantur.* 

Var. densifolia 8., foliis confertis prelatis, basi tam antica quam postica 
altiuscule per paria connatis, apice oblique truncato-uni-bispinosis 
seepeve muticis et rotundatis, margine antico late valide recurvis.— 
In ascensu montis Tunguragua, ad truncos. 

Var. subintegra S., foliis subimbricatis apicem versus sensim angustatis 
obtusatis subacutisve, raro oblique bidentellis, basi subconnatis ; 
involueris pro more solum 10-fidis.—Zoja, ad arborum ramos, ubi 
legit MASSEE. 

Obs. The habit of this curious species is so exactly that of a Plagiochila, 
especially when (as is often the case) the leaves are decurva-secund, that 
before I found the perianths I placed it in that genus. The following 
species is still more like a Plagiochila, and at first sight would unhesi- 
tatingly be put along with the “cristate.” The presence in both species 
of a tuft of white radicles at the base of each pair of leaves suffices, along 
with the turgid perianth, 5-10-plicate at the mouth, to place them in a 
quite different genus, near to Jung. macrocalyx Montagne. 


2. SYZYGIELLA PECTINIFORMIS, Spruce. 

Hab. in sylva Canelos, in stillicidiis. 

F30xX1.75 Cye-zs™™. 

Cespitosa pulchre rosea purpureave ; caules 2-3-pollicares simplices fur- 
cative, subtus e foliis basi postica ampliatis recurvisque cristati (ad 
Plagiochile cristate instar). 

Folia conferta, pectinatum disticha, in planum patula decurvulave, oppo- 
sita sed non connata, longe semicordato-triangularia, a basi preelata 
sensim ad apicem angustum truncuto-excisove-bidentatum usque 
angustata, dentibus brevi-subulato-setaceis, integerrima vy. solum 
repanda angulatave ; cellule mediocres pellucide, trigonis conspicuis 
seepe intensius coloratis.—Flores haud inveni. 

A 8. plagiochiloide distincta erit foliis eequilongis duplo autem angusti- 
oribus, fere ab ipsa basi ad apicem usque sensim attenuatis, tam longis 
confertisque ut caules pectinati videantur. Quum autem planta sterilis 


solum adest, utrumque pro var. preecedentis, utrumque pro specie propria 
habenda, animo suspensus sum. 


XXVIIL TYLIMANTHUS, Mitt. 
In Hook. Handb, New-Zeal. Flora (1867); Gymnanthe, Tayl. in 
G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. pro p. (1845); Jungermania, Hook. 
Muse. Exot. t. 16; Plagiochile sp. auct. nonnull. 


* Sub flore perianthifero nulla est innovatio ; quando autem flos ? infer- 
tilis manserit, sub perichetio postice profertur ramulus unus alterusve brevis 
parvifolius, serius forsitan apice florifer. 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 3G 


502 TYLIMANTHUS. 


Plante elate, habitu exacte fere Plagiochile. Caules e caudice 
valido microphyllo, ramoso et flagellifero, assurgentes erective, sub- 
ramosi, tortelli, apice decurvi. Folia alterna succuba convexo- 
decurva, raro subexplanata, oblique oblonga, subdimidiata; apice 
raro rotundata, plerumque emarginato-truncata vel breviter biloba, 
margine apicali et postico plus minus denticulata serrulatave, antico 
ad Plagiochile instar recurvo et decurrente integerrima, reti majus- 
culo. Foliola nulla. Flores dioici, terminales. Bractece 9 subbi- 
juge, foliis multo latiores, apice fortius serrate vel plurilobe. 
Marsupium (perianthii vicibus fungens) pendulum, in muscis sub- 
stratis nidulans, carnosum (ore nudum, annulo coroniformi nullo 2). 
Culyptra ad apicem fere usque cum marsupio concreta, apice pistil- 
lidia sterilia gerens. Cupsula in peduncula prelongo exserta, cylin- 
drica, 4-valvis. lateres ete. mihi nondum visa. Andrccia spicata, 
antheridia 2-4na (‘‘complura,” Tayl.) 

Hab. et Distr. Pauce species adhuc descripte in rupibus humidis 
montium Americe tropice et australis, necnon in insulis Oceanicis: 
Tasmania, etc. vigent. Species solitaria meipso in Andibus lecta 
etiam in insulis Antillis inventa fuit. 


1, TYLIMANTHUS LAXUS (Lindenb.), Spruce. 


Gymnanthe lava G. in Husnot, Hep. des Antilles. Plagiochila laxa 
Lindenb. Sp. Hep. p. 68, t. 18. 

Hab. Andes Quitenses, in stilicidiis subalpinis montium Pichincha et 
Tunguragua, etiam in sylva Canelos. In insula Guadaloupe legerunt 
cl. Husnor me 

F 20x13, eds; br 9 20x2:3™™, 

Cwespitosa, fulvo-virescens. Caules 1-2-pollicares, e caudice prostrato 
vage diviso microphyllo radicelloso et flagellifero oriundi, assurgentes 
subr: amosi, sepe tortuosi, apice decurvi, Ysubtus hic illic radicellosi ; ; 
rami foliosi subpostico-laterales, basi vix sub folii angulo postico 
latentes ; flagella autem revera postica. 

Folia alterna succuba, plant efloriferze et mascule subimbricata, 
fceminee confertissima, valde convexo-decurva raro planiuseula, late 
dimidiato-oblonga vel oblique ovato-oblonga, apice rotundato trun- 
catove, bidenté ita bilobave (varius trilobulata), ad sinum parce denti- 
culata serrulatave, margine antico ad Plagiochile instar recurvo 
longius decurrentia integerrima, postico brevissime arcuato-decur- 
rentia integerrima vel eroso-repandula ; cellulase majusculee, omnes 
equilatero-hexagone ad angulos incrassatee, granulis endochromii 
paucis magnis in annulum coacervatis subopacie, basales magis pellu- 
cide sed non elongatee. Nonnunquam e folii margine proferuntur 
radicelle crebree capillares implexee.—Foliola nulla. 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales, innovatione nulla. Bractew subbijugee, 
foliis aequilongee, multo latiores, oblato-orbiculatee, margine imaequa- 
liter sub 5-lobe, lobulis acutis tortellis, sinubus depressis. Torus 


SYMPHYOMITRA. 503 


a apice caulis rotundato, pistillidiis sub 20 onusto, con- 
stans, 


Andreecia ovata juliformia, rami apice—raro medio basive—posita; 
bracteze pauci- (2-6-) jugs, arcte imbricata, foliis sensim minores, 
valde ventricose, apice lato brevi recurvulo 2-3-dentate ; antheridia 
2-4-na majuscula subglobosa stipitata. 

Stirps Husnotiana elatior est, tripollicaris; foliis sparsioribus, apice 
toto, ad postico supra medium, inzequaliter serrulatis. Csetera con- 
veniunt. 


XXIX. SYMPHYOMITRA, Spruce, 
in tract. “de Cephalozia,” (1876: nomen solum). 


Genus a Tylimantho egrius dignoscendum, calyptraque eodem 
modo in marsupio terminali adnata. Plante autem habitu Lio- 
chlenam potius quam Plagiochilam referunt, caudice repente nullo; 
caule prostrato radicelloso subflagellifere ; foliis lingueeformibus inte- 
gerrimis, margine antico subplano. Marsupiwm subcylindricum, 
ore squamulis minutis foliaceis biseriatis im annulum duplicem 
coroniformem connatis cireumdatum. Calyptra apice libero pistil- 
lidiis sub 20 obsita. Cupsula breviuscule pedicellata, subcylindrica, 
4-valvis vel sepius, duabus valvulis in unam connatis, 3-valvis. 
Bractee ¢ foliis caulinis consecutive, ventricose diandre. 


Hab. et Distr. Unicam speciem mihi hucusque cognitam in An- 
dium subalpinis ad rupes humidas inter muscos legi, m. Aug. 


1858. 
1. SYMPHYOMITRA GLOSSOPHYLLA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in rupibus montis Pichincha umbrosis humectatis 
supra pagum Nono, alt. 3000™. 


F 18x°8, 1:25x°9, 10x "75; cj;-gy; marsupium 2°0x1:0; br °5; cal 
1°5; capsule valvule 1°5™™. 


Pallide viridis, tenui strato repens. Caules }—1-pollicares, tota longi- 
tudine foliosi, subtus radicellosi basinque versus flagella radicantia 
deferentes, czeterum vel simplicissimi vel ramos perpaucos foliosos 
semiposticos edentes. 

Folia succuba alterna, raro per paria subapproximata, patula subplana 
recurvulayve, ovato-lingueformia, subobliqua vix subfalcata, integer- 
rima, caulium fertilium conferta longiora apice rotundata, sterilium 
breviora sepe retusa vel obcordato-emarginata; cellule majusculze 
pellucidx, oblongo-hexagone, trigonis angularibus fulcite, minut 
verruculose, parum chlorophyllosee, folii dimidio postico fere vacu 
majoresque, marginem versus minores rectang ulares, marginales ips 
quadrate. Foliola 0. 

Flores dioici: @ terminales, fertiles innovatione nulla, steriles tamen 
innovatione postica, suffulti. Folia subfloralia 2-3-juga transversa 
conferta appressa, czeteris foliis subconformia. 


HO4 SYMPHYOMITRA. 


Marsupium foliis parum longius, cylindrico-conoideum, pendulum, inter 
muscos vicinos radicans, stratis cellularum 6, tenuibus, conflatum, 
ore squamulis (bracteis) biseriatis tenuissimis ovatis subtrifidis lacini- 
atisve, basi inter se in annulum duplicem connatis, cireumdatum. 


Calyptra 2 brevior pellucida, cellulis equilateris bistratis constans 
YI 3 > | ) 


cum marsupio alte concreta, apice tamen libera ibidemque pistillidiis 
sterilibus sub 20 coronata. Pedunculus semuncialis. Capsula oblongo- 
cylindrica, ad basin usque fissa, valvulis (seepius solum 3) linearibus 
planis rectis. 

Andreecia in caulis apice mediove posita; bracteze foliis consecutive, 
paulo breviores, paucijugee, antice a basi ad medium usque incurve, 
ventricose, diandre. 

Var. latifolia,-humilior, }-pollicaris, amcene viridis, ramum unum alte- 
rumve e folii angulo infero, necnon flagella postica proferens. Folia 
latiora (1°5 x 1:25™™) apice rotundata, nunquam retusa, magis opaca. 
Calyptra a marsupio interdum separabilis, apicem autem pistillidia 
gerentia idem ac in typo.—Tunguragua, ad terram in umbrosis. 


XXX. LIOCHLANA, Nees. 
In G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 150 (1845). Jungermania auct. 


Caules prostrati, radicellis longissinis pallidis vel rubellis villosi, 
parum (e latere) ramosi, raro flagelliferi, in plagas latas intricati. 
Folia ovato-oblonga, sublingulata, apice rotundata retusulave, raris- 
sime subemarginata, decurvula, basi antica breviter decurrente levis- 
sime recurva, reti laxiusculo subopaco. oldola nulla. Flores dioici 
vel paroici: 2 terminales, innovatione sepius suffulti. Bractee 
]—2-jugee, foliis latiores, ceterum subconformes. Pistillidia 5-12. 
Perianthium primum pyriforme, maturum cylindricum, incurvum, 
omnino eplicatum, apice abrupte rotundato constrictum, ore minuto 
prominulo ciliolato. Capsula alte exserta, oblonga, 4-valvis bistrata ; 
cellule exteriores pariete trabeculato, interiores fibras semiannulares 
includentes. luteres dispiri. Spore globose minute, elateribus 
equilate. Andrecia solum in L. lanceolata hucusque observata ; 
bracteze ¢ hypogyne, foliis conformes, basi antica turgescente anthe- 
ridia 2—4na foventes. 

Hab. et Distr. Species solitaria, L. lanceolata (Huds.) N.,* antea 
cognita, per Europam late dispersa, paroica est ; duas novas, dioicas, 
hic descriptas, in Andibus orientalibus sylvaticis ipse legii—Genus 
forsan a Jungermania haud rite separandum, habitu autem peculiari 
et perianthio cylindrico siphonioideo ab omnibus Jungermaniis in- 
tegrifoliis facile dignoscendum. 

1. L. letevirens. Recens viridissima, flagellis nullis. F. oblique inserta, 
ovato-ligulata, subfalcata. 


* Spruce in Eng. Bot. Suppl. t. 2947. 


LIOCHLANA. 505 


2. L. picta. Flagellifera, ex albido-viridi rufescens, rigidula. F. con- 
ferta, fere transversa, breviora et latiora, oblique ovato-oblonga, 
cellulis ad angulos magis incrassatis. 


1. LIOCHLHNA LETEVIRENS, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in valle fl. Pastasa superioris, alt. 1500™, in terra 
supra vimina foliaque emortua humectata repens. 

F 35x21, 1:8x1:2; c. medie 4, apicales zs 5 per 2°0-3'0™™, 

Lete viridis siccando vix decolora, prostrata laxe implexa; caules 1-1}- 
pollicares radicellis rufo-ferrugineis repens, ramos paucos e foliorum 
axilla edens, flagellis tamen nullis. Radicellee longee ad lneam 
mediam posticam per totam fere caulis longitudinem insert, necnon 
e foliorum basi ipsa progredientes. 

Folia majuscula distiche patula, decurvula late (adj—3) imbricata subfal- 
cata ovato-oblonga-ligulatave, apice angustiusculo rotundata raro 
retusula, basi antica subdecurrentia ; cellule majusculee chlorophyl- 
lose longe hexagon, medi fere quadrate parallelogrammeyve, ad 
angulos minute incrassatee, granis endochromii magnis angularibus 

f-. cellule medio ambituve coacervatis repletee. (Folia dimidio longiora 
quam lata.) 

Foliolo 0. 

Flores dioici:  terminales, innovatione suffulti; bracteze foliis paulo 
latiores subinvolute apice retuse v. ineequaliter emarginate ; brac- 
teola 0. 

Perianthia arcuato-assurgentia, juniora pyriformia, matura foliis subeequi- 
longa cylindracea, ore constricto ciliolata. 

L. lanceolata (Linn.) colore seepius olivaceo-viridi lurido, foliis latioribus, 
florescentia paroica, et perianthio alte emerso differt. 


2, LIOCHL&NA PICTA, Spruce. 
Hab. In umbrosis montis Tunguragua, alt. 2000™, ad saxa terra obtecta. 


F 20x 1°65, 2°3x1°6, 23x18; c. med. inf. Jess, marg. gy ; per (juv.) 
IOC Oram. 

Plante parvule, albo-virides hic illic rufescentes, rigidule, fragiles tamen 
et opacee. Caules 4-pollicares prostrati, simplices v. parum ramosi, 
radicellis longis rubellis subtus villosi, basin versus flagellum radi- 
celliferum unum alterumve proferentes, apice assurgentes (siccando 
seepe circinati). 

Folia majuscula alterna, insertione fere transversa, antice subdecurrentia, 
distiche patula, arcte imbricata (ultra 5 lat.), plus minus concava, 
apice decurvula, suboblique late ovato-oblonga, rotundata retusulave 
raro emarginata, margine repanda integerrima ; cellule medize in- 
ferioresque majuscule oblongo-6-gonz sinuate, apicales margin- 
alesque minores subzequilaterze, omnes valde chlorophyllose (paucee 
basin versus insigniter opacze) ad angulos sat incrassatee. 

Foliola nulla. 

Flores dioici:  terminales, innovatione vix unquam suffulti. Bractez 
foliis paulo latiores, magis concave, emarginate, 1—2-jugee. 

Perianthinm (javenile) duplo brevius, pyriforme cylindraceumve epli- 
catum, apice constricto subfimbriatum, hine tota fere longitudine 
hians, pistillidia sub 12 includens. 


506 JUNGERMANIA. 


XXXI. JUNGERMANTIA, Rupp. Linn. 


Plante humiliores, rarius elate. Cazes in planum simplices fur- 
cative, in paucis iteratim dichotomi, in plerisque vage ramosi, ramos 
(paucos) laterales ex angulo foliorum postico proferentes; rami 
revera postici nulli vel rarissimi, flagellares autem radicantes aliis 
speciebus adsunt. Radicelle plerumque pallide, in speciebus habitu 
prostrato copiose, in czepitoso-erectis (preter ad basin) sparse vel 
subnulle, ol/a succuba, raro subtransversa, patentia, assurgentia, 
vel lateraliter accumbentia, sat lata, in aliis sp. integra, aliis biloba, 
aliis paucis 3-5-loba-dentatave; margine plano vel incurvo, nunquam 
recurvo, semper fere integerrimo raro denticulato ; reti mediocri, vix 
unquam laxo, raro minuto. oliola plerisque sp. carentia ; quibus 
adsunt pro m. parva, integra bifidave, raro subquadrifida. Flores 
dioici vel paroici: @ terminales, fertiles raro innovati, steriles szepe 
innovatione subflorali suffulti. Bractee raro plus quam bijuge, foliis 
subconformes vel magis incise, a perianthio libere, inter se inter- 
dum connate. Pistillidia plura (8-70). Pertanthia plerumque 
emersa, a latere compressula, vel teretia, in perpaucis a fronte sub- 
compressa, raro omnino ecarinata, semper fere (superne saltem) cari- 
nis 3-10—levibus, rarius asperis, nunquam alatis—precursa ; ore pro 
m. parvo, integerrimo vel denticulato, raro ciliato, quandoque tubu- 
lari, interdum primum clauso demum valvatim rupto; rarissime 
uno solo latere hiantia. Calyptra pyriformis ovalisve, tenuis, vel 
solum in ipsa basi carnosula, a pistillidiis sterilibus libera. Capsula 
alte—raro breviter—exserta, globosa vel oblonga, raro cylindracea, 
2-5-strata, 4-valvis, valvulis raro bifidis. Hateres dispiri. Spore 
minutul, leves vel scaberule. 

Hub, et Distr. In terra saxisque humidis umbrosis necnon in 
truncis putridis; in arboribus vetustis rarius, in cortice foliisque 
Vivis nunquam (quantum scio). Jungermaniw in zonis temperatis 
longe frequentiores, in zona torrida vix extra montes vigent. In 
planitie Amazonica speciem solitariam semel inveni; in Andibus 
species 9 nullibi copiose carpsi. 


Obs. Notwithstanding the amount of splitting and paring down which 
the genus Jungermania has undergone, what remains of it under that 
designation is still a somewhat incongruous assemblage of species. If 
the plants with roundish entire leaves be regarded the typical form, the 
cloven-leaved species may stand apart under Dumortier’s name, Lophozia, 
but only as a subgenus, for there is no constant peculiarity of the floral 
organs and fruit to support the solitary character derived from the leaves, 
and that character also fades away in such species as J. heteracria, which 
combines bifid with entire leaves on the same individual. 


J UNGERMANIA. 507 


Of some splits from Eujungermania, as distinct genera, or to be tacked 
on to previously separated genera, it may perhaps be asserted that they 
sever what nature never meant to be put asunder. Thus the Hucalyx of 
the excellent Lindberg, removed by him from Jungermania to be attached 
to Nardia, is plainly more nearly related to certain undisputed Junger- 
manie than to Nardia scalaris and its genuine allies. The adhesion of 
the 2 bracts to the base of the perianth, which is held to justify this 
transposition, is often very slight and variable in Hucalyx, and in some 
forms of Z. crenulata (Sm.) it disappears altogether. 

In Solenostana, as originally proposed by Mitten, the tubular mouth of 
the peristome is the sole character assigned to distinguish the genus from 
Jungermania, If that be so, then we have an exquisite example of it in 
J. spherocarpa Hook. (=J. lurida Dum.=J. nana Nees.=J. Goulardi 
Husn.). In a large series of specimens of J. spherocarpa now before me 
I note that the fully-formed but still unruptured perianth is constantly 
narrowed into a short apical tube, and that when ruptured by the ripe 
fruit it is almost as constantly regularly 4-cleft. The perianth of J. crenu- 
lata has rarely any approach toa tubular mouth ; but in that of J. gracil- 
lima (or Genthiana), which is scarcely more than a subspecies of J. crenu- 
lata, I often find a shortly-tubular mouth. The perianth is often far 
more distinctly beaked in J. J. Bantriensis, Hornschuchiana, and some 
other species, whose aflinity to the original Solenostoma is very remote 
indeed. The author afterwards added on to the generic character “ in- 
volucral leaves adnate to base of perianth,” which would make it partly 
coincide with Hucalyx; but, as it at present stands defined, it does not 
really represent any natural group of species. 

Jamesoniella, proposed by myself in 1876 as a subgenus, can only be 
regarded as a section of Jungermania proper. Whether the British Jung. 
Carringtonia Balf. be really a congener of Jamesoniella colorata (the typical 
species) is doubtful, and will probably remain so uutil fertile plants of 
the former be found. 

Lindberg’s subgenus Sphenolobus seems distinct so long as we look only 
at Jung. minuta and other typical species ; yet it passes insensibly into 
Lophoxia. The curious little plants I describe here under the sectional 
name Cephaloziopsis, might perhaps be united to Sphenolobus, but their 
habit is quite peculiar. The species I have called Jung. achroa is unique 
in its mode of branching, having some branches lateral, some postical, 
and others antical—springing from the upper face of the stem. The 
lateral branches are rarely axillary, but arise a little above the inner base 
of the adjacent leaf. (A similar supra-axillary branching is sometimes 
seen in Diplophyllum Dicksoni.) The somewhat complicate, and often 
toothed, leaves of J. achroa, and especially the presence of postical leaves 
(or bracteoles) in the involucre, although there are none on the stem, 
approximate the species to such Cephaloziw as C. dentata and C. Turneri, 
near which I at one time collocated it.* 


* When my memoir on Cephalozia appeared (Sept. 1882) I had seen only 
sterile specimens of the remarkable Jung. phyllacantha Mass., and misled by the 
obvious resemblance of its tristichous toothed leaves to those of Anthelia, I rashly 
referred it to that genus. The Jast sheet had barely left the printer’s hands 
when I received from Professor Massalongo fertile specimens of his plant, show- 
ing unmistakably that as to the perianth, calyptra, &e. it was a true Cepha- 
lozia, allied to C. dentata and C. Turneri, but, like them, having only lateral, 
and no postical branches ; in which particular they all differed from the typical 
postical ramification of Cephalozia. Thereupon I reviewed all my materials, 


508 J UNGERMANIA 


Anastrophyllum nob. is a very distinct group, and might take rank as 
a separate genus, were it not for the existence of J. Reichardtt and one or 
two other species, which bridge over the gap between it and Lophozia. 


Subgenus I. HUJUNGERMANIA. 
Aplozia Dum. Syll. et Hep. Eur. 


Folia orbiculata vel ovata, integra, interdum retusa, raro alia integra 
alia emarginata. Foliola vel seepissime nulla vel ubi adsunt perparva. 


§ 1. Caules determinati. F. succuba. Per superne saltem angulis 3-5 
(rarissime 6 vel 7) percursa. 

1. J. cordifolia, var. longifolia. Dioica, elata, suberecta, dichotoma. F. 
laxe convolutiva, a basi subcordaté ovato-lingueeformia obtusata, c. 
majusculis oblongis. [Per. ovali-fusiformia acuta compressula, solum 
apice obscure plicata. | 

2. J.amena. Dioica pusilla prostrata. F. ovali-rotunda caviuscula sur- 
sum increscentia, c. parvulis wquilateris. Per. oblonga 3-(raro 4-) 
plicata, ore constricto integerrima. 

§ 2. (JAMESONIELLA nob. in Journ. Bot. 1876). Caules elati, apice pro 
m. cireinato indefinite evoluti. F. (nisi pro bast antica decurrente) trans- 
versa, lateraliter accumbentia. Per. alte 6-10-plicata. 

3. J. colorata. Caules nudi. F. densa suborbiculata concava, cellulis ad 
angulos insigniter incrassatis. Br'* bracteis utrinque connata. Per. 
oblonga, 6-10-plicata, ore brevilobulata erosulaque. 

4. J. grandiflora. Caules squamulis subulatis conspersi. F. obovato- 
rotunda, margine antico valide incurva, cell. ad angulos parum in- 
crassatis. Br'*libera. Per. alte emersa ovato-subulata 6-plicata. 


1. JUNGERMANIA CORDIFOLIA, Hook. 
Brit. Jung. t. 32. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in cataractee arena montis Pichincha, alt. 4000™, 
sterilis. In tota Europa sat vulgata rarissime fertilis. 

F 215x153; ¢ 3™™. 

Var. longifolia. Cespitosa lurido-viridis. Caules 2-4-pollicares, erecti 
vel arcuati, arhizi, basi subaphylli, superne laxe foliosi, supra medium 
2-4-ies dichotomi, ramis fastigiatis parallelis, flagellis posticis nullis. 

Folia subimbricata, a basi subcordaté obliqua convolutivo-semiamplexi- 
caulia, subsecunda, ovato-lingueeformia obtusata rotundatave—rarius 
solum obtusa vel etiam subacuta ; cellulee majuscule subelongate 
fere vacue. Foliola nulla. 


Obs. In the slowness with which this plant recovers its form, when 
moistened after drying, and in the subsecund elongated foliage, it 
approaches a Scottish form of J. cordifolia, gathered by the late T. 
Drummond. Plants gathered in deep springs in the Pyrenees have 
similar dichotomous stems; but the leaves are broader, and nearer the 
form represented by Hooker (Brit. Jung. t. 32). 


and J concluded to retain those species and C. asperifolia Tayl. as a subgenus 
apart from Cephaloziella, which A bear the name PrionoLosus. It would 
perhaps be more convenient, and equally correct, to regard them as a distinct 
genus, into which might enter the Jung. achroa here described. 


J UNGERMANIA. 509 


Jung. cordifolia belongs to a small section of the genus which we may 
eall § Luride, consisting of 3 European species, J. J. pumila, riparia 
and cordifolia, all common in Britain, and all notable for the olive-green 
colour of the ovate-oblong, or somewhat heart-shaped leaves ; for the 
dichotomous, or lateral branching (with the addition of postical flagella 
in J. riparia) ; but especially for the perianth being compressed frontally 
instead of laterally, and having a furrow in place of a raised keel along 
the middle of the upper face. In J. pumila (which is paroicous, while 
the other two are dioicous), the perianth is fusiform, with a minute 
edentate orifice at the acute apex, beneath impressed (until inflated by 
the ripe capsule) with no evident folds, above obtusely 2-plicate with a 
narrow furrow between the folds ; this furrow is at the suture of the 
flower-leaves, and is eventually ruptured by the protrusion of the fruit. 
The perianth of J. cordifolia also is fusiform and acute, but less com- 
pressed (more nearly circular on the section), and only near the apex 
slightly plicate. In J. riparia the frontal compression is slight, but per- 
ceptible ; the mediantical furrow strongly marked, and bordered by two 
pronounced keels, or folds ; while beneath it has (at least) one broad 
prominent keel, making (with the marginal keels) the perianth strongly 
5-carinate. By the duplication of the postical keel, and sometimes of 
one or more of the other keels, the perianth may become 6-8-carinate, 
especially in the upper half. 


2. JUNGERMANIA AM@NA, L. et G. 
Syn. Hep. 674 ; Gottsche Mex. Leverm. 86 (cum icone). 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos, in declivibus umbrosis montis Campana, alt. 
1200™, socio Odontoschismate denudato ; Andes Quitenses, in monte 
Altar, alt. 2500™, forma pusilla, sociis Noteroclada, Calypogeia, 
ete. 


F 5x4, °3x°3; cass; per 10x °6, 9x55, “7 x 4mm, 


Pusilla pallide viridis prostrata. Caules 3-6™™ longi subramosi, tota 
longitudine pallide radicellosi, eflagelliferi.; 

Folia imbricata caviuscula—ramorum sterilium subplana—ovali-rotunda 
orbiculatave integerrima, alia obscure marginata, inferiora sensim 
minora ; cellule parvule zquilateree leptodermes, endochromio parco 
granuloso. Foliola 0. 

Flores dioici: 2 terminales, sine innovatione. Bractez paulo latiores 
quam long, subconvolutive, caeterum foliis conformes; bracteola 
vel parva ligulata vel seepissime nulla. 

Perianthia foliis 2-3plo longiora, rosea, oblonga vel brevi-cylindracea— 
pleraque superne obtuse triplicata, plicad tertia anteriore, pauca 4- 
plicata, plic&é quart& postica—ore constricto subintegerrima demum 
fissa. Capsula late ovalis. 


Obs. J. amena is said in ‘Syn. Hep.’ to have “surculi gemmipari tri- 
fariam foliati”; but these shoots must surely have belonged to an inter- 
mixed Odontoschisma ; for it is singular that the Peruvian J. amena grows 
along with Odont. denudatum, which bears precisely the same sort of 
gemmiparous trifarious-leaved shoots as in the Mexican plant are (wrongly) 
attributed to J. amena.—The latter is almost a miniature copy of the 
European J. lurida Dum. (=ZJ. nana Nees), differing in its slightly nar- 
rower leaves and oval capsule. 


510 J UNGERMANIA. 


3. JUNGERMANIA CoLoRATA, Lehm. 


Jung. colorata, Lehm. in Linnea iv., 366 ; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep., 86 et 
673. Jung. (Jamesoniella) colorata, Spruce in Journ. Bot. (1876). 


Hab. in monte Tunguragua, alt. 2500™., ad terram sub Ericearum umbra, 
foliis truticulorum decisis marcidis radicata, sterilis. Per Andium 
juga, a Mexico ad Caput Horn usque ; necnon in tota zona temperata 
australi, hic illic inventa est. 

HU-Qx 1:0, 12x14 3¢ 9,3 br LOS; per 13x 3825, 

Elata specioso dense late ciespitosa, e fulvo rosea, inferne badia. Caules 
6-10 cm. longi, vel altiores, a basi decumbente, nuda v. denudata, 
parce flagelliferé erecti, subflexuosi, apice stricto decurvulove inde- 
finite crescentes, polyphylli, simplices v. pauciramei, ramis fastigiatis 
axillaribus—e foliorum angulo postico, nee e caule extra foliorum 
bases, orti—nudi (haud squamulosi) perraro radicellosi. Flagella, 
ubi rarius adsunt, postico-lateralia breviuscula, valida, foliis rudi- 
mentariis radicellisque tenuibus albidis sparsa. 

Folia dense imbricata, decurvo-secundo, caulis faciem posticam latius 
quam anticam transeuntia, suborbiculata, incurvo-concava, toto mar- 
gine cum contrariis fere contigua, insertione subtransversa, basi 
antica sensim, postica abrupte breviuscule decurrentia, integerrima, 
substantia crassa, fragilia, punctato-areclata; cellulze mediocres, valde 
incrassate, trigonis maximis subopacis, facie interna 6-sinuate, endo- 
chromio parcissimo, cuticula pulchre crebreque verruculosa. 

Foliola pauca versus caules apicem (nec semper) inveniuntur: foliis 
multoties minora, perangusta, subulata acuminata. 

Flores dioici: & terminales, innovatione unilaterali—raro duabus 
oppositis—suffulti. Bracteze proprie unijuge, foliis subsequi- 
longze, dilatate et cum bracteola intermedia 2-4-fida in mem- 
branan plurilaciniatam, laciniis subulatis flexuosis sepe ruptis, alte 
connate, antice tamen liberze basinque versus ciliis sub 3 deversis 
armate. Folia subfloralia, bracteis proxime sequentia, varie sinuato- 
lobulata, alterna tamen, foliolo subulato trifido uno solo illorum 
connato. 

Perianthia bracteas paulo superantia, oblonga, profunde 6-10-plicata, ore 
parum constricto brevi-lobulata erosulaque. Czetera haud visa. 
Var. elatior : tota rosea, 15-20 cm. longa. Folia fragilissima, basi utrin- 
que fere eequaliter decurrentia, sicuti potius obovato-orbiculata sub- 
spatulata appellanda, minus concava, margine intensius colorato 

repanda, interdum apice subretusa. 

J. colorata, insulis Falklandicis ab Hookero f. lecta, iisdem duabus formis 
constat. Alize forme ab eodem detects sunt: 1. minor fere nigra, ad 
Cap. Horn ; 2. nigrescens, magis flagellifera, foliis valde homomallis. 


4, JUNGERMANIA GRANDIFLORA, 
Lindenb. et G. Syn. Heb., 673. Spruce in Journ, Bot. (1876). 


Hab. in montis Tunguragua regione sylvatica, ad terrain sub fruticulorum 
umbra sepe J. colorata consociata. Kandem speciem legit beat. 
Jameson in m. Pichincha; antequam in Chili a Cl. Gay inventa 
fuit. 

F10x°‘9,1:3x 1:1; ¢ pe; br 2:0 longe; br’* 1:05x°5 ; per 35x 1-0™™. 

Laxe cespitosa, badia, apice subrosea. Caules 8 cm. longi, a basi (rhizo- 

if ? bs ’ 


J UNGERMANIA. 511 


mate) tenui prostrata flexuosa denudata subdivisa flagellifera assur- 
gentes, flexuosi, apice decurvo-circinati, subsimplices, raro ramum 
unum alterumve proferentes, fere arhizi, squamulis tamen minutis 
subulatis setaceisve arcte articulatis sparse densiusve obsessi. 

Flagella postico-lateralia, subaphylla, radicellifera, e rhizomate orta; raro 
e medio caule proveniunt alia stoloniformia microphylla arhiza. 

Folia minus arcte imbricata, subpatentia, transversa, decurvo-secunda, 
oblique obovato-rotunda, apice incurvula, margine antico toto valide 
incurva, basi longe decurrentia, postico plana, rotundata, basi multo 
brevius decurrentia, integerrima. Cellule mediocres, leeves v. ob- 
scurissime verruculose, parum incrassate, intus ovali-5-6-gone, 
endochromio parco annulari. Foliola nulla vidi. 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales, innovatione brevi (spe bifida) suffulti. 
Bracteze unijugee, foliis sublongiores, ovato-lanceolate, varie laci- 
niatw : bracteola duplo brevior, libera, ovato-lanceolata subacumi- 
nata, medio margine utrinque 1-dentata-lobulatave. 

Perianthia alte emersa, foliis triplo longiora, ovato-subulata obtusa, alte 
6-plicata, plicis 2 anticis obtusioribus, omnibus obliquis subspirali- 
bus, ore subdenticulata. Ceetera desunt. 

Andreecia medio caule posita; bractez plurijuge, foliis consecutive, 
lisdem vix breviores, antice lobulo angusto tota longitudine cum 
bractea connato, margine incurvo spinis 1-3 armato, auctee. Anthe- 
ridia non aderant. 


Subgenus I]. LOPHOZIA, Dum. 
Syll. et Recueil; Jungermania ejusd. Hep, Eur. 


Folia suborbiculata vel subquadrata, bifida, in paucis 3-5-fida, inte- 
gerrima vel interdum denticulata. oliola vel nulla vel parvula et 
plerumque bipartita. Perianthia plerumque valide plicata, rarissime 
cylindrica leevissima. 


§ 1. Eulophozia. Plantee humiles elatioresve, sat grandifoliz, habitu 
J. J. ventricose et Bantriensis floree nostree. 


5. J. heteracria. Dioica, caule brevi prostrato, apice assurgente, pauci- 
rameo. F,. imbricata orbiculato-quadrata, apice varia, retusa, emar- 
ginata, vel breviter 2-3-fida, raro obtusata. F'* 3plo_breviora, 
angusta, bipartita, segmentis subulatis. Br. pralate concavee breviter 
2-3-fidee, segmentis cuspidatis. Per. emersa obconico-oblonga 
teretia, superne obtuse triplicata, ore longiciliato. 

6. J. subinflata. Dioica, humilis, subsimplex, a basi prostrata erecta, 
F. subimbricata, sursum crescentia, semicordato-ovato-rotunda, con- 
cava, ad } obtuse biloba, lobis subacutis. F'"0. Br. foliis sub- 
majores, altera interdum triloba; br!* seepius interjecta. Per. oblonga, 
inferne turgida, superne 6-plicata, ore constricto longiciliata. 


§ 2. Cephaloxiopsis. Plante pusille minutifolie, facie Cephaloziw, rami- 
ficatione autem diversa, perianthiisque, ubi solum trigonis, angulo tertio 
antico. F'* normaliter nulla. Fl. ¢ monandri. 


7. J. schistophila. Dioica, minuta pellucida tenerrima, caule a basi pro- 
strata assurgente simplice furcatove, interdum ramum posticum unum 
alterumve proferente, F. distiche patula, a basi angust& obovato- 
cuneata, vix ad 4 bifida, segmentis obtusatis, cellulis parvulis. F* 0 


512 J UNGERMANIA. 


Br. laxze obovato-orbiculate, breviter bilobe, br'* 0, Per. alte emersa 
linearia superne compressula 3-carinata. 

8. J. opacula. Dioica pusilla luride viridis tenerrima, caule plerumque 
dichotomo. F. dissita patentia cuneato-orbiculata ad $ bifida, seg- 
mentis ovatis obtusis, c. minutis opacis. 

9. J. achroa. Pusilla subscariosa, caule elongato arcuato ramoso, ramis 
plerisque lateralibus, aliis autem anticis, aliis (subaphyllis) posticis. 
F. cuneato-ovalia, laxe complicata, ad 4 bifida, segmentis acuminulatis 
repandis rarius serrulatis, antico duplo angustiore, c. mediocribus 
oblongis subvacuis. Br. tristiche subtrijuge, intime f. duplo 
majcres, recurvantes, subrotunde, ad$ bifida, spinosz ; br'* quadrato- 
oblonga spinulosa integra bifidave. Per. pyriformi-oblonga, 4-5- 
plicata, ore plurilaciniata, laciniis spinulosis. 


5. JUNGERMANIA HETERACRIA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos circa Tarapoto, alt 500-800™, in aggeribus are- 
nosis; necnon in fluvii Negro ripis juxta limites inter Brasiliam et 
Venezuelam. 

F1:0x1°0; ¢ sh; f® 25-4; per 2:0; caps 05™™. 

Depresso-cespitosa, pallide viridis albidave, interdum roseo picta. Caules 
semipollicares, prostrati, radicellis pallidis solo adfixi, apice assur- 
gentes, simplices vel stolonibus parum ramosi. 

Folia basi lata diagonali inserta, imbricata, assurgentia, caulium sterilium 
magis patentia, orbiculato-quadrata, retusa emarginatave, vel perseepe 
breviter bifida, sinu acuto obtusove, segmentis pro more rotundatis, 
rarissime tridentata vel perfecte integra et obtusata ; cellule medi- 
ocres equilatere leptodermes pellucide, chlorophyllo parco, margi- 
nales quadrate. Folia stolonum et innovationum minora, sepe 
acute bidentata. 

Foliola foliis subtriplo breviora, angusta, ad basin fere usque bipartita, 
cruribus suberectis patulisve subulatis, basi 2 cellulas, apice 1 c¢. 
latis, interdum basi dente hine v. utrinque aucta. 

Flores dioici: @ terminales, radicellis pralongis basi villosi, fertiles 
innovatione nulla suffulti, steriles nonnunquam innovati. Bractez 
1-jugee, foliis paulo majores, latiores quam longz, concave, breviter 
2-3-fide, segmentis seepe cuspidatis ; bracteola (intra bracteas) seepis- 
sime nulla, quando autem adest ligulato-oblonga, apice truncato 
digitatim 4-fida-ciliatave. Foliolum infraflorale ceteris paulo majus, 
conforme, cruribus subulatis acuminatis basi 4 c. latis. 

Perianthia foliis duplo longiora, juniora campanulata, ore hiante profunde 
laciniata ciliataque, matura obconico-oblonga, inferne teretia, superne 
obtuse triplicata, ore longiciliata demum rupta. Calyptra duplo 
brevior pyriformis. Capsula calyptra duplo brevior ovali-oblonga. 

Var. Peruviana, albicans, ramis brevibus fastigiatis densius ceespitosa. 
Folia sepius integra, rotundata retusave, raro adveniunt etiam 
bifida.—Lamas, prope Tarapoto, in rivuli arena. 


Var. Amazonica, foliis plerisque profunde obtuse emarginatis, foliolis 
autem bipartitis et perianthiis ore ciliatis, ibidem ac in typo. Stolones 
tam attenuati, folia tam angusta et bifida sunt ut melius pro Cepha- 
lovia quadam primo visu plantula deprehendatur.—Marahitanas. 

Notoscyphus Belangerianus (L. et L.) Mitt.; Gymnomitrium B. Syn. 

Hep.; quoad folia apice varia, foliola profunde bifida, segmentis erectis, 


J UNGERMANIA. 513 


et involucrum @ e caule prostrato abrupte erectum, basi valde radicel- 
losum, J. heterwcrie sat similis; perianthium verum tamen abest, ejus 
loco invenimus bracteas 2 magnas erectas, alte inter se connatas et cum 
bracteola interna tenerrima dimidio inferiore adnatas. 

J. heteracria forsan prope J. J. Kunzei et Hornschuchii collocanda; foliis 
autem nunc integris nunc apice bifidis &c., et perianthio ore ciliato plus 
minus hiante ab omnibus distat. 


6. JUNGERMANIA SUBINFLATA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in rupibus aggeribusque montium Tunguragua, 
Guayrapata, &c., alt. 2400-3000". 

F 6x °6,°8x°8; c 2; per 16 x*65™™, 

Ceespites lati densi e flavo virides, apice rufescentes. Caules 1-15™ alti, 
basi brevi prostrata subnuda flagella aphylla radicellifera deterentes, 
dein erecti flexuosi simplices vel bi-trifidi. 

Folia subimbricata, infima minuta, superiora sensim majora, lateraliter 
patentia, caulium fertilium erectiora accumbentia, magis increscentia, 
ovato-rotunda complicato-concava, basi antica breviter decurrentia, 
postica semicordata, apice ad 4 usque bifida, laciniis subeequalibus 
vel antica minore—acutis subobtusisve, conniventibus, sinu triangu- 
lari obtuso ; cellule parvule equilater, ad angulos subincrassate, 
marginales subquadrate. Foliola nulla. 

Flores dioici; 9 terminales, sine innovatione ; bractez 1-jugze, foliis sub- 
majores, appressie, ceeterum conformes, vel altera trifida ; bracteola 
(raro deficiens) bracteis 2-3plo minor, raro zquilonga, ovata ovalisve 
obtusata, plerumque cum altera bractea altiuscule connata. 

Perianthia emersa oblonga, plus duplo longiora quam lata, inferne turgida 
levia, superne obtuse sub 5-plicata, ore coustricto subdenticulata. 
Capsula oblonga. 

Andreecia medio caule posita; bractez plurijuge, foliis caulinis continue 
paulo minores, confertiuscule. 


J. conformis L. et G. (Syn. Hep. 665, G. in Mex. Leverm. 81) certe 
differt caule elatiore magis ramoso ; foliis ad 4 bifidis, segmentis ovato- 
lanceolatis apiculatis. J. adulterina G. in Hep. Novogranat. 23, caule 
sub perianthio semper innovato, foliis ultra 4 bifidis, &c. magis distare 
videtur. J. inflata, Huds., Europea, nostram habitu sat refert, caractere 
longe diversa. 


7. JUNGERMANIA SCHISTOPHILA, Spruce. 


In Andibus Peruvianis prope Tarapoto, alt. 600™, in rivuli rupibus humidis 
schistosis fragilibus (‘Triassicis). 

Fo-2x'1, 4x25; c ge; br 4-5; per 8x2, 1:00x-25; caps. valv. 
25 x ‘05™™, 

Minuta depresso-cespitosa pallide viridis pellucida tenerrima. Caules 
6™™ Jongi, tenues, basi breviter prostrati subramosi radicelliferi sed 
fere aphylli, dein assurgentes foliosi et fere arhizi, simplices vel 
ramum unum alterumve e facie postica proferentes, interdum furcati. 

Folia distiche patula plana oblique inserta alterna, caulium sterilium 
subdissita equimagna, fertilium contigua vel subimbricata, superiora 
sensim increscentia et magis transversa, a basi angusté obovato-cune- 
ata vix ad medium usque bifida, sinu subacuto, segmentis subineequa- 


514 J UNGERMANIA. 


libus obtusatis, a basi ad sinum usque 8 cellulas longa, medio 8-10. 
lata, segmentis 4-6c. longis, 4~5c. basi latis ; cellule parvule parum 
elongate leptodermes fere vacuz, marginales vix convexule, tote 
cellule cujusque folii circiter 120, 

Foliola nulla, nec ad involucrum. 

Flores dioici (?): Q terminales, innovatione simplice nullave suffulti, in- 
terdum basi radicellosi. Bracteze foliis submajores laxe orbiculato- 
quadrate, breviter bilobz, lobis acutis obtusisve, postico majore. 

Perianthia alte emersa, bracteas duplo superantia, 4plo longiora quam 
lata, linearia, basi sensim angustata ibidenmque compresso-teretia, 
superne tamen sat compressa, obtuse tricarinata, carina tertid antica, 
postice plana convexulave, raro obscure bicarinulata, ore subinteger- 
rima. 

Planta perpusilla tenerrima facie Cephalozie fere gaudet, differt autem 
generice perianthio antice (nec postice) carinato et bracteolarum defectu, 
necnon flore feemineo constanter acrogeno, innovatione interdum suffulto. 
Solum minutie ab Eujungermaniis remota, quin etiam inter has peri- 
anthium aliquando solum trigonum invenitur, angulo tertio antico, e.g. 
in J. amena J. obovata, ete.—J. Doellingertti Nees, Syn. Hep. 104, in 
Brasilia ad arbores lecta, nostree ob exilitatem et folia obtusiloba certe 
proxima, perianthia habet ovali-campanulata, ore aperto repando-lobata 
(probabiliter rupta). 

Ad Antombos Andium Quitensium, in stillicidiis micaceo-schistosis, 
advenit plantula tenerrima, priori simillima quoad foliorum formam, 
caule tamem semper dichotomo diversa. Sterilis et eflorifera est, foliis 
jaxis distantibus. 


8, JUNGERMANIA OPACULA, Spruce. 


Hab. Guano, Andium Quitensium, alt. 2600™, ad rupes terra obtectas, 
sterilis. 

F 2x ‘2, 3x °3, 3x35: ¢ A—gy™™. 

Pusilla diffusa luride viridis tenerrima. Caules 6™™ longi, parce divisi, 
semel bisve furcati vel subpinnati, ramis omnibus lateralibus ; basi 
subaphylla sola radicellosi, flagellis nullis. 

Folia dissita patentia cuneato-orbiculata, ad medium usque bifida, obscure 
carinata, fere plana, lobis ovatis obtusis subdivergentibus; cellule 
minute eequilaterze leptodermes, chlorophyllo denso opace. Foliola 
nulla. 

A Jung. intricata L. et G. (Syn. Hep. 679 ; Gottsche in Mex. Leverm. 

93) certe distat. Facie Cephaloziw, ad hoc genus nullo modo referenda, 

quum ramis omnibus lateralibus nec posticis, gaudet. 


9. JUNGERMANIA ACHROA, Spruce. 
(Cephalozia achroa nobis olim.) 


Hab. In monte Tunguragua, ad terram umbrosam humidam, supra 
Aneure speciem repens, alt. 2200™, 


F ‘65x °43 Cog; Or 11x °85 per 12x 5™™, 
Pusilla pallida subscariosa. Caules pollicares, basi subaphylla repentes 
et radicellosi, dein arcuati et subramosi, apice seepe longe attenuati 
flavellares decurvi et radicantes. Rami foliosi (subarhizi) assurgentes 


J UNGERMANIA. 515 


plerique luterales, folii basin posticam versus orti—semper fere supra- 
axillares, neque ex ipsa folii axilla enati; alii rami anticz sunt, sc. e 
caulis facie superiore orti; alii postici, tunc vero plerumque ad 
flagella subaphylla redacti. 

Folia plus minus imbricata—inferiora subpatentia, superiora assurgenti- 
subsecunda—oblique inserta, cuneato-ovalia-obovatave, ad dimidium 
usque bifida, subcomplicata—raro fere explanata, lobis acuminulatis 
subacutis repandis erosulisve, rarius dentato-serrulatis, postico majore 
lanceolato, antico subduplo angustiore paulo breyiore anguste trian- 
gulari ; cellule mediocres oblongee pachydermes, plurime scarioso- 
pellucide fere vacuze, medianz autem pauciseriate a basi ad sinum 
usque endochromio replete subopacze. 

Foliola nulla. 

Flores dioici: 2 in caule ramove terminales. Bractez tristiche sub- 
trijugee recurvanti-patul, intimee foliis duplo majores, subrotunde 
ad 4 biloba, spinose, lobis inzequilatis ; bracteola intima sat minor, 
quadrato-oblonga spinulosa, interdum bifida, libera vel cum altera 
bractea connata, extima minuta. 

Perianthia pyriformi-oblonga subemersa (haud matura) late obtuse 4-5- 
plicata, ore in lacinias plures breves spinulosas setulosasve fissa. 
Amenta ¢ plerumque ramulum sistentia, raro in ramo terminalia ; 

bracteze plurijugze, foliis paulo minores, confertee, ventricoso-con- 

cave, lobis brevioribus magis serrulatis, basi antica dente arguto 

inflexo pro more auctz. Antheridia solitaria maxima brevipedi- 

cellata—Unicum exemplum monoicum, inter plurima dioica, in- 
veni. ; 

J. intricata L. et G. Syn. Hep. 685; Gottsche in Mex. Leverm. 99 ; 

differt foliis minoribus subzequilobis profunde bifidis magis serratis, ; 


Subgenus Il]. ANASTROPHYLLUM, Spruce. 
In Journ. Bot. (1876) p. 235. 


Plante sat elate, rufuscentes vel purpurascentes, assurgentes, parum 
ramose, subradicelliferee raro flagellifere. Folia majuscula, suceuba, 
assurgenti-secunda, ovata, concava, apice bifida (rarissime integra) ; seg- 
mentis inzequalibus, antico sat minore (in J. monodonte Tayl. obsoleto), 
pro m. acutis, seepe incano-cuspidatis, integerrimis vel denticulatis, 
basi antica interdum lacinula aucta. Cellule parvee subconformes ad 
angulos insigniter incrassatee, cuticula scaberula. Foliola nulla. Flores 
dioici: Q terminales, raro innovati. Bractee foliis magis profunde 
fissee (raro 3—-4-fidee) denticulateeque, subinde basi utrinque paucilaciniate. 
Perianthia roseo-purpurea, apice canescentia, maxima, preelonga, juvenilia 
subulata, adulta fusiformia vel inferne anguste cylindrica, apice longe 
pyramidalia, ab ipsa fere basi alte 3-, 5-vel 8-plicata, ore constricto fim- 
briata. Calyptratenuis. Capsula brevipedicellata sepe maxima, oblongo- 
cylindrica, raro subglobosa, ad basin usque 4-valvis, valvulis interdum 
bifidis. Flores ¢ 2—4-andri.} 

10. J. piligera N. F. conferta cordato-ovata, paulo ultra $ bifida, segmentis 
canescenti-apiculatis pro m. integerrimis, ¢. parvis oblongis. Br, 
parum majores denticulate. Per. lineari-fusiformia 5-plicata, ore 
incano-ciliata. 


1 See remarks on the distribution of Jamesoniella and Anastrophyllwm in 
the memoir ‘On Anomoclada,’ already cited. 


516 J UNGERMANIA, 


11. J. leucocephala. F. late subcordato-ovata, basin anticam versus lacinia 
aucta, ab apice ad ? bifida, segmentis subacuminatis canescenti- 
cuspidatis, c. minutulis oblongis. Br. multo latiores, utraque basi 
laciniis 2-4 hamatis armatie, lobis piliformi-acuminatis denticulatis. 
Per. maxima lineari-fusiformia alte 5-plicata, ore subconstricto incano 
breviter plurilaciniata. 

12. J. calocysta. Pusilla. F. late ovata ad 4 bifida, segmentis acutis vel 
subobtusis muticis, c. parvulis subeequilateris, trigonis magnis color- 
atis. Br. subconformes subdenticulate, segmentis subaristulatis. 
Per. preelonga et tenuia, obtuse 3-plicata, ore scarioso subciliata. 


10. JUNGERMANIA PILIGERA, Nees. 


In Hepat. Javan. 30; in Mart. Fl. Bras. I, 1, p. 341. G.L. et N. 
Syn. Hep. 81. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos, in saxis, imis truncis et in ipsa terra montis 
Campana, alt. 1200". In Insulis Malayanis et Oceanicis (BLUME, 
etc.). Brasilia australis (Marrrvs). 

F 17x13; lobus major ‘95; ¢ 353 br 19x14; per 3:0x°75; caps 
8 D4 “5mm, 

Late ceespitosa, ex olivaceo-viridi rufescens. Caules 1-3-pollicares, basi 
prostrati, dein assurgentes seepeque resupinati, pauciramei, sub flore 
Q innovati, ramis innovationibusque omnibus e caulis facie postica 
subradicellosa ortis, subincurvis. 

Folia rigidiuscula confertim imbricata succuba assurgenti-secunda cordato- 
ovata turgide conecava, paulo ultra dimidium acute biloba, lobis inz- 
qualibus (postico paulo majore) ovato-lanceolatis canaliculato-con- 
cavis, ex acuto apice apiculatis, apiculo setiformi canescente, inte- 
gerrimis, ‘raro apicem versus subdenticulatis; cellulee parvee sub- 
elongate guttulate, omnes subconformes. 

Flores dioici: Q terminales, seepe cum innovatione iterum florifera, 
3ractee foliis perpaulo majores, subconformes, semper denticulatee. 

Perianthia alte exserta, 4plo longiora quam lata, lineari-fusiformia, pulchre 
roseo-purpurea apice albida, inferne obtuse trigona, apicem versus 
5-plicata, ore pluriciliata, ciliis canescentibus flexuosis. Capsula 
oblongo-eylindracea dimidium folium subsequans. 

In eodem monte adest altera forma 3-pollicaris robustior pallidior, 
caule subsimplice flexuoso, foliis majoribus (2-0 x 1‘6™™) constanter den- 
ticulatis. 

Obs. In the axils of a few of the leaves next below the bracts of the 
female flower I observe from 1 to 3 small filaments, some with a clavate, 
others with a small round head. They are probably abortive antheridia, 
and indicate a prior paroicous condition of the inflorescence. 


11. JUNGERMANIA LEUCOCEPHALA, Tayl. 


In Lond. Journ. Bot. 1846, p. 272. Syn. Hep. 665. 
Hab. Andes Quitenses, in M. Tunguragua, ad saxa, alt. 2700™; in M. 
Cayambe, alt, 4200™ (J AMESON). 
F 21 %1°6 ; lobus major 16x12; ¢ A; br 23x23; per 60x13; caps 
2-25 x 1mm, 
Cwspitosa rufa, interdum purpurascens, Caules 14-2-pollicares, e caudice 
fragili repente orti, suberecti, parce et subfastigiatim ramosi, raro 


J UNGERMANIA. 517 


proliferi. Radicellee albidee tenues breves, vel ad lineam caulis 
mediam posticam continuam struct, vel in penicellum ad foliorum 
basin congestze. 

Folia alterna imbricata assurgenti-squarroso-secunda, late ovata, ab apice 
ad # alt. usque acute biloba, supra basin anticam lacinula inflexa 
subulata, raro bifida (ad ramos tenuiores nonnunq. obsoleta) aucta, 
basi ipsa subcordata amplexicaulia subobliqua vel fere transversa ; 
lobis ineequimagnis (antico minore) ovatis subcanaliculatis sensim 
acutatis, subacuminatis et in cuspidem albidam piliformem abeunti- 
bus ; cellule minute conformes subelongate cuttulatee subopace, 
pariete sinuato-incrassato. 

Flores dioici: Q terminales. Bractez 1-2-jugee suberectie, foliis sub- 
majores et multo latiores, profunde bilobee, utraque basi—antica 
preecipue, seepe etiam ad sinum—laciniis hamatis 2—-4-nis armatee, 
lobis canaliculatis piliformi-acuminatis denticulatis late undulato- 
recurvis. Bracteola nulla, nisi foliolum anticum, parvum, pinnati- 
fido-palmatifidove-fissum, extra bracteas positum. 

Perianthia pro plantula maxima, f. caulina triplo fere excedentia, rosea, 
lineari-fusiformia, alte obtuse 5-plicata, ore subconstricto canescente 
breviter multifida et irregulariter fimbriata. Capsula magna oblongo- 
cylindrica, ad basin usque 4-fida, valvulis in sicco tortellis. 

Planta ¢ gracilior. Andreecia terminalia subjulacea ; bracteze pro more 
paucijuge, foliis sensim subminores, basi turgide, ceeterum vix 
diverse, diandre. 


12. JUNGERMANIA CALOCYSTA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, prope Loja, ubi ad saxa cum Leptotricho gracili 
Mitt. legit cl. G. E. Masser. 


F 1-05 x ‘90, 1:0 x ‘80 ; lobi 5x 55; ¢ qh; br 11x'9; per 30x "75™™. 


Pusilla laxe caespitosa rufo-badia. Caules 3 pollicis longi suberecti sim- 
plices vel pauciramei, quandoque innovando-proliferi. 

Folia luxiuscule imbricata incurvo-subsecunda concava late ovata, basi 
amplexante haud cordata, apice ad medium usque biloba, lobis sub- 
ineequalibus ovato-triangularibus acutis vel subobtusis ; cellule par- 
vulze subzequilatero-hexagone guttulatee, pariete incrassato intus 
6-sinuato, trigonis magnis coloratis, basales paulo majores quadrate 
rectangularesve. 

Flores dioici: @ terminales. Bractes foliis vix longiores, subdenticu- 
late, apicibus auctioribus subaristulatis plerumque canescentibus ; 
bracteola nulla. Folia subfloralia aliquando apice canescunt. 

Perianthia alte exserta rubra, apice albida, 4plo longiora quam lata— 
juniora subulata, matura lineari-fusiformia obtuse triplicata, apice 
scarioso subfimbriata. Capsula oblongo-cylindrica. 

J. piligera Nees duplo major est, foliis ultra medium fissis, lobis incano- 
apiculatis, cellulis subminoribus ; perianthiis 5-plicatis, ore pluriciliato.* 


*T add a description of a curious species of Anastrophyllum, for specimens 
of which I am indebted to Mr Boswell, of Oxford. 


JUNG. (ANASTROPHYLLUM) SCHIZOPLEURA, Spruce. 


Sordide rubra elata cespitosa. Caules 2-3-pollicares, ramos paucos sub- 
posticos edentes, fere arhizi. olia subimbricata assurgenti-secunda, late 
cordato-ovata valde obtusata, convoluto-eanaliculata apiceque incurva, basi 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 3H 


on 
= 
(o/s) 


NARDIA. 


XXXII NARDIA, Gray. 
Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. (1821). Alicwluria Corda in Opiz. Beitr. (1829). 

Plante habitu et foliatura Eujungermaniis exacte fere conformes. 
Caules prostrati vel suberecti, radicellis seepe crebris pallidis rubrisve 
repentes vel intexti, ramis ex angulo foliorum postico ortis, flagellis 
nullis nisi interdum in N. compressa. Folia alterna succuba, vel 
ubi confertiora subtransversa, orbiculata reniformiave, integra retu- 
save, rarissime biloba, margine integerrimo ; ced/ule@ mediocres sub- 
equilaterwe, rarius incrassate, chlorophyllo granis oleaceis mixto, 
Foliola plerumque presentia, subulata lanceolatave ; in subgenere 
Eucalyce nulla. Flores dioici vel paroici: Q terminales, in statu 
sterili seepe innovati. Involucrum (in subg. Eunardia) urceolatum, 
caulis apice tumente cavo—bracteis 2—5-jugis oppositis, cum brac- 
teolis intermediis in tanta verticilla connatis et ex p. sibi basi 
adnatis (intimis saltem perianthio alte concretis) onusto—constans. 
Perianthium (in Eunardia) involucro obvelatum, eidem alte accretum, 
a latere compressulum, apice libero ovoideo conoideove obscure 3—5- 
carinatum, apice plerumgue primum clausum, deinde in lacinias 
plures valvatim ruptum. Calyptra libera obovata tenuis, basi pistil- 
lidiis sterilibus 10-12 cincta. Capsula pedicello breviusculo suf- 
fulta, ovali-globosa, valida, ad basin usque 4-valvis. lateres sat 
longi dispiri. Spore parvule asperule. Andracia spicata, in caule 
ramove apicalia mediave ; bractew 6-10-juge, 2—4-andre, foliis sub- 
conformes. 

Hab. In terra rupibusque humidis.—Distr. HLunardia, paucis 
speciebus constans, extra regiones boreales temperatas et frigidas 
nondum (quantum scio) visa. Hucaly«, in iisdem terris et in Aus- 
tralasia habitat; in montibus tropicis paucze species vigent, quarum 
una, NV. (Lucalyx) hyalina, etiam in Europa et America boreali sat 
vulgata est. Apotomanthus in insulis Antilis et in Andium media _ 
regione sylvatica crescit. 


postica valde ampliata, fragillima, guttulato-areolata, cellulis minoribus quad- 
ratis marginata. J. dioici: fem. terminales, interdum innovatione suffulti. 
Br. prelate erect, perianthium amplexantes ; bracteola aliquando inter- 
posita, oblonga, swpius hine connata. er, alte emersum anguste tubulare 
teres, obtuse 5-carinatum, inter carinas profunde sulcatum, inferne 2 cell. 
crassum rime laterali irrequlari dehiscens, apice subulato obtuso semper clau- 
sum,  Calyptra plus duplo brevior, ovalis inferne 2 cell. crassa. [Capsula jam 
decisa. | 

Foliis integris (nec bilobis) inter aflines anomala, solum cum J. involutifolia 
Mont. (e fretu Magellanico) comparanda ; cui autem adsunt folio ovata obtusa, 
basi hand cordata.—Hab, Madagascar (Hb. H. Boswell). 


NARDIA. 519 


Subgenus I. EUNARDIA. 


Foliola parva subulata preesentia. Perianthiwm immersum tenerum, 
obscure carinatum, involucro obvelatum eidemque inferne alte adnatum. 
(V. supra).— Hunardie nulla species eequatorialis mihi obvia fuit. 


Subgenus I]. HUCALYX, Lindb. Bot. Notis. (1872). 


Foliola nulla. Bracteew 1-2-jugee, interiores saltem perianthio basi 
adnate. Perianthiwm emersum (nec involucro velatum) sat validum, 
argute 3-8-carinatum, ore constricto interdum tubulari. 

1. N. hyalina. F. suborbiculata undulata. Sr. foliis duplo longiores, 
convolutive, duze interiores perianthio altiuscule adnate. Per. 
ovalia alte 4-6-plicata. 

2. N. callithriz. A priore differt foliis minoribus longioribus, cellulis 
subminoribus, bracteis minus alte adnatis, per. 3-5-plicatis. 


Subgenus III. APOTOMANTHUS, 8. 


Folia late orbiculata, apice rotundata emarginatave. oliola ubique 
presentia, majuscula, lanceolata, ad Harpanthi foliolorum instar torta. 
Bractee foliis subconformes, unijugze, interior saltem perianthio basi ad- 
nata ; br'* foliolis submajor, basi dentata. Perianthiwm subcylindricum, 
a latere compressulum, juvenile apicem versus humiliter 3-plicatum— 
plicis interdum rudimentarie alatis, in etate seepe obsoletis—ore hiante 
breviter 3-9-fidum.—Melius forsan pro genere proprio habendum, a Clas- 
matocolea, nisi pro bracteis perianthio adnatis, haud tam remotum. 


3. N. succulenta. F. latiora quam longa, retuso-emarginata. F!* utrinaue 
unispina, raro bi-triloba. Br. apice 3-4-lobulate. Per. superne 
obscure 2-(4-) plicata, plicis subalatis, ore triloba. 

4. N. tortistipula. F. tam longa quam lata, apice semper fere rotundata 
raro retusa. F'" integra. Per. ore obscurissime plicata, 6—9-loba. 


Obs. The generic character given above applies mainly to Hunardia 
alone, to which the other two subgenera are doubtfully united. For the 
sake of uniformity I place Hucalyxin Nardia, but, as I have stated above, 
I consider it would rank more naturally with the entire-leaved Junger- 
manic, to which in all other respects except the slight adhesion of the 
bracts to the perianth it is very closely related.—The subgenus A poto- 
manthus agrees with Nardia in the presence of underleaves, and the 
bracts are adnate to the perianth (although in a less degree); but the 
perianth, instead of being immersed and at first entire at the constricted 
apex, as in Hunardia, is considerably emersed, and in every stage wide- 
mouthed. This character, and the occasional interpolation of a bifid 
underleaf among the normally simple ones, indicate an approach to Clas- 
matocolea, already described ; although the latter has a very different 
habit, and bracts quite free from the perianth.* 


1. NARDIA HYALINA (Lyell). 


Jungermania hyalina Lyell in Hook. Brit. Jung. tab. 63. 
Hab. In sylva Canelos Andium Quitensium, alt. 400-1000™; necnon in 
m, Pichincha, alt. 3000; in arena saxisque rivulorum inundatis. 
Per Europam totam, et in insulis Canariis inventa est. 


* Fora comparative view of the characters which distinguish Nardia from 
Marsupella see Spruce ‘On Marsupella Stablert” in Husnot’s Révue Bryo- 
logique (1881), p. 92. 


520 NARDIA. 


F13x1:2,15x13; ¢s:; br 25x21; per 30x 1:0™, 

Ceespites lati, virescentes vel subrosei. Caules $—-1-pollicares nigrescentes, 
basi decumbente subaphylli, radicellis autem purpureis villosissimi 
et ramos paucos stoloniformes edentes, dein erecti subsimplices minus 
radicellosi. 

Folia subimbricata patulo-ascendentia, apice recurvula, siccando valde 
flaccida, suboblique orbiculata, basi antica subdecurrentia, plus minus 
undulata integerrima; cellule mediocres subeequilaterze chlorophyl- 
lose. Foliola 0. 

Flores dioici: 2 fertilis, innovatione nulla, sterilis nullé vel perrara, 
suffultus. Bractez foliis duplo fere majores convolutivee, duz in- 
time basi perlanthio alte adnate; bracteola 0 vel parva semicircu- 
laris. . 

Perianthia paulo vel alte emersa ovalia profunde obtuse 4-6-plicata, apice 
demum 4-6-fida, ore ipso integerrima. Capsula subglobosa. 

Plante’ ¢ caulis tota fere longitudine antheridiiferus ; bractez laxiuscule, 
antice dilatatee et incurvo-concave, diandre. [In planta Anglica 
bracteas 3-4-andras aliquando invenio; interdumque intra bracteas 
floris ¢ apicales genitalia foeminea (semper sterilia?) quod “ flores- 
ceutiam paroicam ” sistit, eandem ac in affini J. obovata. | 

J. callithriz L. et G., huic affinis, minor est, prostrata; foliis subdimidio 
minoribus, ovatis, semper fere longioribus quam latis, haud undulatis, 
cellulis minoribus; bracteis minus alte adherentibus. 


2. NARDIA CALLITHRIX (Ldng. & G.), Jungermania callithric L. et G. 
Syn. Hep. 673. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in m. Tunguragua, alt. 2000", ad terram et rupes 
humidas. Mexico (LIEBMANN). 

F [Ox D > a3—pmm. 

Viridis, prostrata. Caules 4-}-pollicares, subsimplices, radicellis crebris 
longissimis rubellis intertexti matricique arcte adhzerentes, spe 
versus medium incrassati. 

Folia pellucida imbricata patula concava vel subplana, ovato-rotunda, in- 
tegerrima, siccando flaccida; cellule mediocres equilateree subpel- 
lucid, marginales subquadratz. Folila 0. 

Flores dioici: 2 terminales, plerumque sine innovatione; bractez foliis 
sublatiores, interna saltem perianthio basi adherens. 

Perianthia subemersa ovata obtuse 3-5-plicata, ore constricto demum 
3-5-lacera. 

Amenta ¢ terminalia: bracteze paucijuge, ventricoso-concave, mar- 
gine antico subdilatate incurvuleque, diandre. 


3. NARDIA succULENTA (Rich. Mst.) var. Crossti. 


Hab. Andes Bogotenses juxta Popayan, in rivuli arena, Cephalozia Cross 
consociata. Cl. Ros. Cross invenit, a. 1877. 
F 13x18, 1:15x1-4, 10x12; ¢ pay, ¢. marginales py; f* 8x4; 
br 16x1°8; br4 13x ‘6; per 23x11; caps *75™™, 
Arcte cespitosa pallide viridis tenerrima. Caules suberecti simplices vel 
ramos perpaucos e facie subposticé proferentes, radicellis albidis 
longis crebris sibi matricique adfixi. 


NARDIA. 521 


Folia imbricata assurgenti-secunda patentia vel accumbentia, lined obliqua 
arcuata inserta, latiora quam longa, suborbiculata reniformiave retuso- 
emarginata, sinu obtuso, angulis rotundatis, margine obtuse angulata, 
facie subundulata (superiora precipue) ; cellule majuscule lepto- 
dermes, ad angulos vix subincrassate, subchlorophyllos, marginales 
subminores quadratie fere vacuze. 

Foliola $ breviora lanceolata sensim acuminata, torta seepeque recurva, 
utrinque infra medium dente spinave aucta—vel inequaliter tri- 
loba—rarissime subzequaliter biloba. 

Flores dioici: ? terminales, innovatione una alterave postica—interdum 
nulla—suffulti. Bracteze propriz unijugee crecte arcte appresse, 
altera (interior) basi ad {4 alt. usque cum perianthio concreta, altera 
fere libera, foliis paulo majores oblato-orbiculatee 3-4-lobulate vel 
pluri-crenatee, lobulis crenulisve crispis ; bracteola subbrevior foliolis 
subconformis major tamen, basin versus sepe dente uno alterove 
utrinque aucta. Folia infrafloralia 1-2-juga ceteris caulinis magis 
contferta latioraque apice seepe emarginato-triloba. 

Perianthia subemersa cylindrico-oblonga compressa truncata, apicem versus 
obscure 3- (4-) plicata, plicis suturisve interdum subalatis, ore indis- 
tincte 3-lobo dein grousse crenato vel lobulato, lobulis crispulis. 
(Unum perianthium vidi cui suture due posticee in alam angustam 
intra (nec extra) perianthium prominebant ; idem quod inter Plagio- 
chilas interdum accidit. Calyptra duplo brevior libera tenuissima. 
Capsula globosa sordide ruberrima, pedicello valido longiusculo. 

Andreecia medio caule posita; bracteze foliis consecutive subconformes, 
breviores autem basique ventricosee ; antheridia jam decisa. 

Syn. Jungermania succulenta Rich. Mst. in Lehm. et L. Pug. 1V.; G. L. 
et N. Syn. Hep. 84. 


4, NARDIA TORTISTIPULA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in scopulis humidis ad cataractam Agoydn, alt. 
iOOe™: 

F 1-25x1-25, 155x165, 2°0x2°0; chs ff 6...1:5 longa; per 
20x10; br’ 10x°5, 15x -7™™, 

Ceespitosa viridis pellucida tenerrima. Caules j-1-pollicares erecti vel 
procumbentes, basi radicellis intertexti, flagellis nullis. 

Folia alterna, inferiora parva, superiora increscentia, majuscula, assur- 
genti-subsecunda, late imbricata, suborbiculata, apice rotundata rarius 
retuso-truncata, concava integerrima repandula ; cellule majuscule 
quadrato-hexagonz leptodermes fere vacua, marginales subqua- 
dratee. 

Foliola foliis haud multo breviora, ovato-lanceolata sensim acuminata, 
vel lanceolato-subulata, torta et ex alis recurvis seepe canaliculata. 

Flores dioici: foem. terminales, steriles innovatione, fertiles nulla, suffulti. 
Bractez unijuge erecte, foliis vix majores, conformes, interior brevi 
spatio perianthio adnata; bracteola foliolis paulo major, lanceolata, 
hine unidentata, rarius subzequaliter bifida, basi perianthio leniter 
adnata. 

Perianthia tenerrima, juvenilia campanulata, ore hiante cellulis longis 
papilloso-crenulata, matura ovali-oblonga vel subcylindracea sub- 
teretia compressulave ecarinata, ore truncato vix parum plicata 
breviter 6—-9-fida edentata, semper plus minus disrupta. Capsula 
altiuscule exserta fere globosa tenera lurido-purpurea. 


a] 


525 ACROBOLBUS. 


li 


Andreecia medio caule posita; bractez plurijuge foliis consecutive, paulo 
minores, ventricose, antheridiis jam decisis. 


Ab hac differt Nardia succulenta (Rich.: typica, sec. specimina in in- 
sula Guadaloupe a cl. Husnot et L’Herminier lecta) statura submajore, 
foliis lateraliter patentibus omnibus emarginatis, cellularum pariete ad 
angulos valide incrassato; foliolis latioribus triangulari-ovatis, seepe 
obtusis, arcuato-incurvis magis canaliculatis; bracteis basi altius adnatis ; 
perianthiis semper fere immersis, obtuse sed sat distincte trigonis, angulis 
2 posticis interne in alam plus minus latam prominulis. Calyptra tenuis. 
Capsula subglobosa, in pedicello brevi (perianthio duplo longiore) suf- 
fulta, valvulis haud raro bifidis. Nardia succulenta var. Crossiz a forma 
typica differt foliis secundis vix tam profunde emarginatis, cellularum 
pariete minus incrassato; foliolis minoribus et planioribus ; perianthiis 
sublongioribus. 


XXXIII. ACROBOLBUS, Nees. 
In G, L. et N. Syn. Hep. p. 5 (1844). Gymanthe Tayl. Mst. 


Plante aspectu magnitudineque, necnon foliis bifidis, Junger- 
manice (Lophoziw) ventricosee vel sociw simillime. Caules prostrati 
radicellosi, simplices furcative, rarius ramum unum alterumve sub- 
lateralem proferentes. Folia succuba alterna subquadrata bifida— 
superiora interdum trifida—integerrima vel dente hic illic armata, 
reti mediocri. Foliola nulla. Flores dioici: ¢ terminales. Bractece 
1-2-juge, magne, plurilobee, undulato-crispatee. Prstillidia 10-22. 
Marsupium breve, obovato-globosum carnosum, ore squamulis nullis 
vel perraris et subulatis cireumdatum. Cualyptra marsupio ad 
apicem usque adnata, ibidemque pistillidiis sterilibus coronata. 
Pedicellus basi caleeolatus. Capsula oblonga (valde juvenilis solum 
visa), Androecia mihi ignota. 


Hab. et Distr. Species solitaria huic generi certe adscripta in 
terra inter muscos viget; in Hibernia australi a cel. Witson et 
TayLor primum inventa, serius in Andibus Quitensibus meipso 
lecta. 


1. AcropoLBus WILSONI (Tayl.) Nees. Syn. Hep. 5. 


Jungermania Wilson Tayl. Mst.; Gymnanthe Wilsont Tay). in Syn. Hep. 
192; Gottsche, Ueber die Fructif. Jungermanie Geocalycee, 38, t. 3, 
figs. 22-27. 

Hab. Var. Andinus S. in monte Tunguragua, ad terram inter caespites 
Anastrophylli leucocephali (‘Tayl.) repens. 

F. inferiora 1°5 x 1:2, swperiora 1°5 x 1°5, c. medi@ ay—-ps™™ 


25 he 

-allide viridis tenera. Caules semipollicares flexuosi prostrati, radicellis 

paucis albidis matrici adfixi, apice libero assurgentes, parum ramosi, 
interdum simplices, vel solum innovando-continui. 


ACROBOLBUS. 523 


Folia suceuba, oblique inserta ; inferiora subeontigua subquadrata, ad 4 
subacute bifida, angulata, segmentis divergentibus tenui-acuminatis 
acutis ; superiora inerescentia, magis conferta, latiora, laxe compli- 
cata, segmentis ineequalibus acuminatis, inferiore subrhombeo, supe- 
riore angustiore lanceolato-triangulari, margine crispata, angulata 
vel hie illie incisula, subinde basin versus utrinque hastatim uni- 
dentata ; cellule mediocres hexagonz, subleptodermes, endochromio 
sparso subopacee, folii mediam basin versus longiores, subrectangu- 
lares. 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales, demum innovatione suffulti. Folia sub- 
floralia latiora quam longa, amplexicaulia, seepius triloba, insigniter 
incisulo-crispa ; bracteze propriz juveniles, adhuc parve, profunde 
lobate. Pistillidia sub 10, receptaculo convexo purpureo insidentia. 
Ceetera desunt. 


Obs. In specimine Taylori archetypo, in monte Knockavohila Hibernize 
lecto, caulis pollicaris est, seepe furcatus. Folia ad $ (interdum solum 
ad +) usque biloba, lobis plerumque subacuminatis apiculo 3-4 cellulas 
longo auctis, sinu pro more obtuso, basi antica vix leniter recurvula ; cel- 
lule pariete tenui vel ad angulos vix incrassato. Bractez intime primum 
parve, demum magne, valde lobate laciniateeque, undulato-crispe. 
Marsupium obovato-globosum, valde carnosum, pariete 6—7-strato (calyp- 
tra inclusa, ad apicem usque marsupio adnata). Pistillidia 20 et plura, 
erecta, confertissima, subcylindrica, basi paulo dilatata. Pedicellus basi 
calceolo eyathiformi viridi 5-lobo receptus. 

Folia caulina, involucrum versus precipue, haud raro dente uno alte- 
rove marginali armata.—In receptaculo ? invenit el. Gottscheus pistil- 
lidia cum lobulis phylloideis (pistillidiis transformatis) mixta. 

This plant confronts us with a problem that admits of two solutions, 
and there are some others in similar case. The differences (which nearly 
always exist) between the tropical and the temperate form may to some 
observers appear adequate to justify their being held distinct species, 
while to others they will seem merely varietal ; although all will readily 
admit that, at some period more or less reraote, both forms have had a 
common ancestor. Jubula Hutchinsiw, Lepidozia eupressina, and Dumor- 
tiera hirsuta are some of the hepaticee, and there are several mosses, that 
leave us in the same dilemma. I have tried to decide all such questions 
from the evidence of structure alone, without any reference to geography. 
Thus, as to Acrobolbus Wilsoni, plants of the Andine form placed beside 
others of the European form, are in most respects so very like that, 
although the leaves of the former are more deeply cloven, and the 
segments are rarely so fine pointed, I cannot venture to separate them 
specifically. 


Subtribus VII. FOSSOMBRONIEA:. 


Plante vel foliose, post siceationem flaccid tenerrime, vel szepius 
frondosz ; prostrate, subsimplices vel dichotome, raro ramos (fron- 
dulas) e facie postica proferentes, rarissime basi rhizomatose. 
Caulis raro teres, plerumque subplano-convexus, in aliis tenuis, in 
aliis prelatus. Folia (ubi adsunt) succuba vel subtransversa, sat 
magna et lata, integra vel apice rude incisa. Frondes margine vel 


524 FOSSOMBRONIE. 


integerrime serrulateve vel sepe tam regulariter et profunde fissz 
ut segmenta pro foliis distinctis fere habenda (e.g. in Symphyogyna, 
Pellia, &c.) ; interdum lamellis longitudinalibus supra percursee. 
Foliolu nulla preter in genere Scalia (cui solo radicellee omnino 
absunt). Flores dioici, raro monoici. Antheridia brevistipitata vel 
subsessilia, in caulis facie tota fere supera margines versus posita ; 
in aliis generibus foliosis nuda, 2-5-na, foliis (caeteris foliis subcon- 
formibus) approximata, vel laxe obvelata; in aliis tam foliosis quam 
frondosis in alveolis, primum strato caulis corticali clausis, recepta, 
solitaria vel 2—3-na; in aliis frondosis alveoli monandri ab initio 
aperti sunt, bractea minuta incurva obvelati. Fores ? terminales, 
vel hic illic in caulis facie supera subsessiles, et vel involucrati vel 
in caulis apice excavato, involucri et perianthii vicibus fungente, 
absconditi. Bracteze (ubi adsunt) semper foliacex, interdum minute. 
Pistillidia paaca—plurima ; sterilia in fructu maturato vel libera 
vel calyptre adnata; adveniunt insuper in paucis speciebus alia 
pistillidia rudimentaria, extra involucrum in caulis facie longitudi- 
naliter subseriata. Pertunthium persepe nullum ; ubi adest fre- 
quenter, e phyllis postice vel utrinque inter se subliberis, incom- 
letum; in Pallavicinia autem perfecte tubulare. Calyptra raro 
, 2 
parva tenuis ; plerumque elongata, carnosa, ab involucro libera, cum 
toro genitali autem in aliis generibus plus minus alte concreta. 
Pedicellus plerumque sat crassus, raro brevis, interdum longissimus. 
Capsula in aliis subglobosa, in aliis subcylindrica, 1-vel 2—5-strata, 
4-valvis, rarius autem ad valvularum suturas omnes complete dehis- 
cens, nunc ab apice irregulariter vel pedetentim rupta, nune uno 
solo latere hians (ad speciem follicularis). lateres 2-(raro 1-4-) 
spiri, alii—nunc basales, nune apicales—a czteris perseepe diversi- 
formes et diutius persistentes. Spore utplurimum magne, leves 
vel asperrime, 
§ 1. FossoMBRONIE TYPICH. 

Plante foliose vel frondose. Perianthium (melius involucrum) incom- 
plete tubulare vel cyathiforme, phyllis vel postice vel utrinque breviter 
(vel vix) connatis. Pstillidia involucri plerumque pauca, aliis autem 
nudis in caule seriatis frequenter adjectis. Calyptra subglobosa. Capsula 
globosa vel ovalis, bi- (raro pluri-) strata, cellulis strati intimi fibras annu- 
lares vel spirales includentibus, regulariter 4-valvis vel seepe irregulariter 
et plus minus pedetentim dehiscens. Hlateres 2-4-spiri, rarissime mono- 
spiri, basales interdum breviores et subpersistentes, ceeteros plurimos 
normales in acervulum globosum diu tenentes. Antheridia in coste 
facie supera margines versus sparsa, foliis (ubi adsunt) vix velata ; vel in 
alveolis primum strato corticali opertis, demum detectis, nidulantia. 


7) 


34. Fossompronia. Pusilla, fragilis. F. subquadrata. Antheridia 


FOSSOMBRONIE. 525 


nuda, 2-3na. Per. campanulata, phyllis postice discretis. Capsula 
pedetentim rupta. Spore asperrime. 

35. NorErocnapA. Grandiuscula succulenta. F. subrotunda. Anthe- 
ridia solitaria, in pustulis primum clausis demum ruptis recepta. 
Per. compresso-cyathiformia, phyllis basi connatis, apice alte liberis, 
bilabiata. Caps. subregulariter 4-valvis. Spore leeves. 


§ 2. LEPTOTHECE. 


Vegetatio frondosa rara foliosa. Perianthiwm perseepe nullum, raro 
perfectum subcylindricum., Calyptra prelonga subcylindrica, pistillidiis 
sterilibus basi et altius—interdum solum in ipso apice—obsita. Capsula 
longipes, oblongo-cylindrica, unistrata, cellulis angustis vacuis conflata 
4-valvis, suturis valvularum demum sepius imperfecte solutis, sicusi 
dehiscentia frequenter solum unilateralis videtur. Elateres di- (raro ex 
p- mono-) spizi, alii in capsule apice dintius persistentes. Antheridia in 
foliosis laxe axillaria 2—5na; in frondosis in alveolis cost marginalibus 
nidulantia, solitaria, minute unibracteata. 


A. Foliose. 


36. Scatra. Caules basi rhizomatosi, radicellis omnino carentes. F. 
tristicha, subopposita. Per. 0. Cal. magna. Capsula subeylindrica 
seepe hine solum hians. 


B. Frondose. 


37. SympHyoeyNA. Fr. lineares dichotome, interdum serrate vel pinna- 
tifide ; costa angusta, filo axiali lignoso percursa. Fl. 9 vel termi- 
nales vel antici et subsessiles, minute involucrate. Per. 0. Cal. 
longissima carnosa apice pistillidiis sterilibus coronata. Capsula in 
dehiscentia quadrivalvis, valvulis interdum apice coheerentibus. 

38. PALLAVICINIA. A Symphyogyna vix discrepat nisi pro perianthii 
tubularis preesentia, et calyptra tenuiore solum infra medium pistil- 
lidia sterilia gerente. 

39. Monocirea. Frondes cuneate dichotome, costa prelata et crassa 
percursee. Fl. 2 terminales, in coste apice cavo absconditi, exin- 
volucrati. Per. 0. Calyptra compresso-cylindrica, apice bilabiata, 
inclusa. Capsula exserta oblongo-cylindrica, uno solo latere dehis- 
cens, demum fere explanata. 


Obs. The plants I have grouped in this subtribe are confessedly a some- 
what heterogeneous assemblage, and might perhaps have been better 
divided into two or even three subtribes; but the species I gathered are 
so few, and they belong to so few genera, that I profit by the very slight 
bond of union between them to join them in one. There is in none 
of them any distinct male spike, with proper bracts, but the antheridia, 
even in the foliose genera, stand along each margin of the stem, slightly 
or not at all veiled by adjacent lateral leaves, which are not sensibly 
modified in form, or more closely-set than ordinary stem-leaves; the 
antheridia are thus either quite unprotected, as in Fossombronia, or they 
are contained in little pits (alveoli) closed at first by the cortical stem- 
layer, which is finally ruptured to allow the contents of the antheridia 
to escape, as in Noteroclada, Pellia, &c. In some frondose genera the 
pits are open from the first, but partially veiled by small toothed bracts, 
which are often confluent along the margin of the stem (or costa) into a 
linear wing : e.g. in Symphyogyna, Pallavicinia, Blasia, &e. Sometimes, 


526 FOSSOMBRONIE. 


along with the antheridia, but slightly internal to them, stand rows of 
naked abortive pistillidia, as in Noteroclada and some Fossombronie ; 
which may be looked on as a paroicous inflorescence, limited only by 
the length of the stem. 

The Fossombroniew proper are distinguished from those of the follow- 
ing section by a globose or very slightly oval capsule of two (rarely of 
more) cell-layers, whereof the innermost cells include a spiral thread, 
either entire or broken up into rings. While most of the genera are 
frondose, there is no denying the existence of true leaves in Fossombronia 
and Noteroclada: a difference really of slight importance, as I have shown 
in my memoirs on Anomoclada and Cephalozia.* In the frondose Pellia 
epiphylla, P. calycina, &c., the frond is cut down sometimes nearly to the 
broad thin midrib into wide lobes (almost distinct leaves) which imbri- 
cate slightly at’ the edges; and the resemblance to Noteroclada is so close 
in the tleshy texture when fresh, flaccid when dry ; the antheridia enclosed 
in superficial pustules; the structure of the involucre (called a ‘‘perianth” 
in Noteroclada, but scarcely deserving the name); the inordinately long 
pedicel; the globose capsule, of tender consistence, so as to be sometimes 
imperfectly valvular in dehiscence, although not fragmentary as in os- 
sombronia ; and the elaters persisting for a while, gathered into a ball in 
the base of the capsule: that there is no disputing the near affinity of the 
two genera. 

The genera included in the 3 Leptothecee agree in one remarkable 
character, hardly found elsewhere in Jungermaniacee, viz. the long cylin- 
drical capsule of only a single layer of cells, which contain no spiral or 
annular fibre. The two genera of this section most closely allied, Sym- 
phyogyna and Pallavicinia (Blyttia Syn. Hep.), have been previously 
placed in distinct suborders, because in the latter there is a distinct peri- 
anth and none in the former: almost the only difference between them, 
and serving to show how very fallacious may be the reliance on a purely 

negative character, such as the gymnomitrous fruit of a hepatic or the 
gymnostomous capsule of a moss. 

The anomalous genus Scalia (Haplomitrium Nees) stands among Lepto- 
thecew purely by virtue of the form and structure of its capsule ; “but in 
its remaining characters it is almost as widely separated from ‘them as 
from all other hepatic (the eastern Rhopalanthus Lindberg, and Calo- 
bryum N. perhaps excepted).— Hooker has been taken to task for calling 
the elaters of Scalia Hookert (Lyell) monospirous, when they are di- 
spirous; but in reality, in the Andine as well as in the British species, a 
few elaters that remain attached to the apex of the valves for some time 
after the others are freed contain a helix of only a single thread; and it 
was doubtless these apical elaters alone that Hooker examined and 
figured, 

XXXIV. FOSSOMBRONIA, Raddi. 

In Act. Se. Soc. Moden. (1820); Lindberg Manip. Muscorum sec. 
in Notis. pro F. et Fl. Fenn. (1874). 

Plante pusille tenerrime, seepius pallida, inodore vel foetide, 


* The leaves in the solitary species of Noteroclada described below are con- 
siderably imbricated, but in Taylor’s N. conflwens they are either only slightly 
imbricated, or even merely contiguous, but never at all confluent, as 1 have 
ascertained by the examination of his original specimens, so that the specific 
name is not a happy one. 


FOSSOMBRONIA. 527 


strato tenui crescentes. Caules breves fragiles, simplices vel fureati, 
seepe innovando-continui, radicellis rubris (raro pallidis) longissimis, 
interdum compressis, repentes. Folia magna succuba, lata basi 
obliqua vel sublongitudinali antice decurrente inserta, subquadrata, 
sepe latiora quam longa, undulata, rarius plicata, apice lato lobu- 
lata sinuatave interdum subdentata; cellule sat magnee, inferiores 
in aliis speciebus 2-3-strate. oliola nulla. Flores dioici vel 
monoici: ¢ terminales. Bractew foliis submajores, conformes vel 
magis incise ; bracteola postica angusta raro adjecta est; in aliis 
speciebus adveniunt bracteze interiores, ad squamulas lineares re- 
dacte, perianthii angulis tanquam alas adnate. Prstillidia termi- 
nalia pauca (2 v. 3); inveniuntur autem alia sterilia plus minus 
rudimentaria, in caulis facie superiore sparsa. Perianthium cam- 
panulatum vel obpyramidatum, ore hiante lobatum ; sistit phyllis 
duobus, antice connatis, postice tota longitudine discretis margineque 
sese plus minus late imbricantibus. Calyptra libera subglobosa 
tenuis. Capsula brevi-pedicellata globosa bistrata, cellulis interiori- 
bus pro m. fibra annulari fulcitis, 4-valvis, dehiscentia autem irre- 
gulari, valvulis erosis apice cito caducis. lateres breviusculi obtusi, 
1-3-(plerumque 2-) spiri, cito decidui. Spore magne asperrime. 
Antheridia per 2 vel 3 seepe aggregata, aurantiaca, brevipedicellata ; 
subinde pistillidiis sterilibus consociata. 

Hab. et Distr. Species haud numerosz in terra humida, limosa 
vel paludosa precipue, vigent. Nullis terris absentes, in Europa 
frequentiores videntur. Ipse in Andibus orientalibus 4 species legi, 
omnes rariores. In planitie Amazonica speciem quintam ad fluvii 
Aripecuru ripas inveni; specimina autem sterilia, pauperrima, itaque 
ea nominare non ausim. 

A. Flores monoict. 


1. F. crassifolia. F. densissima, multo latiora quam longa, 3—4-plicata, 
margine sinuata, dimidio infero incrassata. Per obpyramidata, 
angulis alatis. Spore cristis, sub 24 in margine prominulis, ornate, 

2. F. tenuifolia. F. imbricata, paulo longiora quam lata, tenuissima, 
solum in ipsa basi 2-strata. Per. campanulata exalata. Spore 
cristis 18 in margine. 


B. Flores diotict. 


3. F. lophoclada. Caulis e foliis basi antica preelonge decurrente crispulis 
ad speciem bicristatus. F. oblique oblongo-quadrata, superiora 
obtuse bifida incisave. 

4. F. ptychophylla. F. late imbricata, magna, tenera, 2-3plo latiora quam 
longa, pluriplicata, ad speciem venosa. 


1. FossoMBRONIA CRASSIFOLIA, Spruce. 
Hab. Banos, ad pedein M. Tunguragua, in solo nigro humidiusculo. 


528 FOSSOMBRONIA, 


F 15x 2°3, 20x30; ¢ 5-y& (inf), ds (sup.); per 20x18; cal 13; 
caps 1:0; elat -25; spore 3;™™. 


o 

Subinodora pallide viridis, strato simplice effusa. Caules 5™™ longi cras- 
siusculi fragiles, simplices v. parum ramosi, seepissime arcuati apice 
decurvi, subtus purpurascentes, radicellis longis subpallidis adfixi; 
supra processubus minutis fuscidulis linearibus, 3 cell. diametro, 
(pistillidiis rudimentariis) seepe fere tota longitudine sparsi. 

Folia confertissima late imbricata assurgentia, forma irregularia multo 
latiora quam longa (i.e. basi latissima obliqné fere longitudinal i in- 
serta), antice dilatato-rotundata, postice margine subrecta, quasi 
dimidiato-obovata, crispato-3—4-plicata, plicis in sinubus marginali- 
bus parum profundis desinentibus, ceeterum integerrima, a basi ultra 
medium incrassata, media bast 3 cellulas crassa, utroque latere sensim 
attenuata, marginibus apiceque 1 solam cellulam crassa; cellule 
subbasales apic alibus duplo majores. 

Flores monoici: @ terminales, seepe binati; bracteze foliis similes, majores 
tamen. 

Perianthia foliis subeequalia, late obconico-campanulata, ore dilatato sinu- 
ato-lobulata recurvula, plus minus carinata (i.e. obpyramidata), ad 
carinas irregulariter foliaceo-alata. Calyptra paulo brevior oblongo- 
globosa tenuis, demum apice irregulariter rupta. Capsula calyptra 
paulo minor elobosa, pedetentim rupta, tenuis, pallida, spiris en- 
dothecii valde. imperfectis fulvis. Sporee magnze (,™™) subglobosze, 
alte cristate, cristis subradiatis, interruptis, parce anostomosantibus, 
acie unisuleis, sub 24 in spore margine prominulis. Elateres 3™™ 
longi, 2-(raro 1-3-) spiri, flexuosi, obtusi. Pedicellus 4™™ longus. 

Antheridia 2-3na, foliis superioribus antice approximata, lisdem vix 
axillaria, pistillidiis sterilibus consociata. 

F. Wondraczeki Corda, huic subaftinis, differt foliis tenuibus et sporis 
creberrime cristatis. 


2. FOSSOMBRONIA TENUIFOLIA, Spruce. 
Hab, Andes Quitenses, in monte Altar, ad terram umbrosum. 
F25x20; cps; br 25x32; per 30x25; ped -5™™ 


Viridis fragilis fere inodora. Caules 4-} poll. subramosi radicellis longis 
validis purpureis repentes. 

Folia assurgentia imbricata subquadrata rhombeave, apice lato plus 
minus sinuato-lobulata crispataque, tenuissima, cellulis unistratis, v. 
nonnisi ipsa basi bistratis, majusculis subpellucidis, inferioribus sub- 
elongatis, conflata. 

Flores monoici: 9 terminales in caule seepe iteratim innovando-prolifero ; 
bracteze foliis latiores magis sinuato-lobulatee. 

Perianthia subemersa cainpanulata, pro m. exalata, ore hiante recurvulo 
lobata, lobis subacuminatis. Capsula sporaeque fere eadem ac in FF 
crassifolia, iste autem minus arcte cristatee, cristis preealtis, parum 
anostomosantibus, sub 16 in sporse margine prominulis, 

Antheridia in caulis facie superiore nuda; “subinde iisdem mixta adve- 
niunt pistillidia panca sterilia, caulis apicem versus preecipue. 

F. crassifolia differt radicellis pallidioribus; foliis latioribus quam 
longis, inferne carnosis et ad speciem laticostatis; sporis magis crebre 
cristatis. 


FOSSOMBRONIA. 529 


3. FosSOMBRONIA LOPHOCLADA, Spruce. 


Hab. ac terram purpuream in humidis umbrosis montis Campana, in 
Andibus Peruvianis: pl. ¢ sola. 


F18x1°3 (basi x 2°0); ¢ —b™™. 


10 

Pallide viridis albicansye in plagas latas extensa. Caules semipollicares 
subsimplices, e foliis decurrenti-crispulis supra quasi bicristati, radi- 
cellis validis compressis (fascizeformibus) pulchre purpureis matrici 
arcte adfixi. 

Folia conferta horizontaliter patula suboblique quadrato-oblonga-rhom- 
boideave, apice truncato retusa, superiora obtuse bifida raro angu- 
lato-incisa, infra medium antice valde dilatata et decurrentia, ibidem 
sinuato-crispula; cellule magne leptodermes pellucide, superiores 
eequilatere, inferiores subelongatee. 

Flores dioici. Antheridia nuda, supra caulem transverse agegregata, 
2-3na, mediocria, brevipedicellata. 


4, FOSSOMBRONIA PTYCHOPHYLLA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in palude alpina montis Altar, loco Condorasto, 
alt. 3700™, ubi inter cespites Azorelle speciei pauca specimina legi, 
mense Jan. 1859. 


F 3:0-4:0™™ longa, 6:0-12°0™ lata ; c J,-3™™ longe. 


Caules pollicares simplices carnosi flexuosi, ope radicellarum purpurearum 
super czespites Azorellze erectos repentes (ad Odontoschismatis Sphagni 
supra Leucobrywm instar), apice eosdem subsuperantes et subincurvi. 

Folia magna albida tenera, siccando flaccida, late imbricata succuba, 
assurgenti-secunda, fere longitudinaliter inserta, valde oblata, 2-3-plo 
latiora quam longa, subrhomboidea, pluri-plicata, plicis angulum 70° 
cum caule efformantibus venasque fingentibus, margine ineequaliter 
lobata sinuataque ; cellule magne hexagonz parum elongate lepto- 
dermes, fere vacuze. 

F. intestinalis Tayu.! Mst. in G. L. et N. Syn. Hep., Ins. Auckland, 
Hookero fil. lecta, caracteribus sequentibus differt. 

Virescens, prostrata subramosa, 1-25-pollicaris, radicellis purpureis validis 
matrici adfixa. Folia longitudinaliter inserta imbricata succuba, 
distiche patula, nec secunda, paulo latiora quam longa (3 x 4™™) con- 
voluto-bullata, obtuse 3-plicata, plicis ad angulum 45° directis, mar- 
gine 3-5-angulato-lobata, angulis interdum apiculatis, ceeterum 
repanda ; cellule magn subpellucidee.* 


XXXV. NOTEROCLADA, Tayl. 
Hep. Antarct. in Lond, Journ. Bot. (1844). Androeryphia 
Nees in Syn. Hep. 470 (1846). 


Plante sat magne, succulents, e viridi purpurascentes, siccando 
fuscidulz flaccide ; caule prelato subsimplice radicellis longissimis 


* Corresponds with Taylor’s description—not so with Mitten’s, who calls 
the species ‘‘ minute $-} inch long”; whereas these specimens are six times 
as large, and decidedly robust. 


530 NOTEROCLADA. 


arcte repente. Folia magna, succuba, fere longitudinalia, plano- 
disticha, matrici adpressa, subrotunda integerrima, dimidio infero 
bistrata ; cellulis magnis subequilatero-hexagonis. oliola mulla. 
Flores utriusque sexus in eodem et in diverso individuo: @ ter- 
minales. Bractee foliis 2 subfloralibus, ovalibus ligulatisve, foliis 
proximis szepe absconditis, constantes. Perianthiwm (melius involu- 
cerum) apice caulis cavo cum phyllis duobus in cyathum a latere 
compressum, ore alte bilabiatum concreto, constans. Pastillidia 
plurima, alia intra involucrum recepta, alia minora externa super 
caulem subseriatim ordinata. Calyptra inclusa bistrata, ad apicem 
usque pistillidiis sterilibus (paucis) conspersa. Pedicellus longissi- 
mus. Capsula globosa, valvulis 4 subzqualibus (interdum minus 
regulariter) dehiscens, bistrata; cellule interiores fibris annularibus 
vel subspiralibus farctee. Sporw magne leves. Antheridiu in caulis 
facie supera, margines versus, sparsa, solitaria, in alveolis strato 
caulis corticali (demum disrupto) velatis immersa, ovali-globosa, 
subsessilia. 


Hab. et Distr. Species 3 adhue descripte, in terra humida um- 
brosa Andium, Brasiliz, Fuegize et Australasize vigent. 


1. NorEROCLADA LEUCORHIZA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in monte Altar, alt. 3000™, supra alias hepaticas 
foliaque emortua repens. 


Caules 1°7 lati, 0°5 erassi; folia 3°8 x 3:0; ¢ s4—-2 ; bractew 2°6 x 1°5, 6 x °35; 
per 6X gm (et minora); ped 50-80™™, 


Caules 1-2-pollicares preelati plano-convexi carnosi pluristrati, radicellis 
prelongis albidis arcte repentes, simplices vel subramosi. 

Folia magua, e pallide viridi purpurascentia, carnosula, siccando fusca, 
tenera flaccidaque, succuba, sublongitudinaliter inserta, late imbri- 
cata, perfecte explanata, apicalia sola assurgentia, suboblique ovato- 
rotunda inte gerrima, a basi ad medium usque, dimidiaque latitudine, 
e cellularum serie duplici conflata (quasi late costata), marginibus 
apiceque cellulis unistratis constantia ; cellule magne leptodermes 
parce chlorophyllose, subeequilatero-hexagonve, inferiores solee elon- 
gates. Foliola 0. 

Flores monoici et dioici: Q terminales ; bractece nullee nisi folia suprema 
—2-juga, cwteris foliis paulo (raro multo) minora ct angustiora. 
Perianthia assurgentia, apice caulis excavato cum foliis 2 floralibus in 
eyathum bilabiatum patulum connatis constantia, demum seepe irre- 
culariter 4—loba, tubo hine cristato vel non ; interdum tamen magis 
elongata, folia subduplo superantia, tubeeformia, valde compressa, 
apice sinuato-truncato breviter bilabiata, antice crista longitudinali 
percursa. Calyptra inclusa oblongo-globosa basi ipsa caulis orificio 
accreta, ad apicem fere usque pistillidiis sterilibus sparsa, eellularum 
serie duplici conflata. Pedunculus longissimus 2-3-pollicaris pel- 
lucidus fragilis. Capsula majuscula flavida globosa, fere ad basin 


NOTEROCLADA. 531 


usque subeequaliter 4-valvis. Elateres in fundo diu persistentes lon- 
gissimi dispiri. Sporze magne leves. 

Antheridia in caulis (pl. ? v. distinctee) facie superiore sparsa, seepe per 
paria foliorum basi approximata, in loculis prominulis conicis, pri- 
mum clausis, demum ruptis, solitaria, magna albida subsessilia. 

Pistillidia tenuia rigidula purpurascentia, in receptaculo Q sub 20, 
quorum unum fertile cito in calyptram transmutatur ; cetera sterilia ex 
parte calyptre basin circumstant, alia autem cum calyptra maturante 
tolluntur et in ejus superficie persistunt. Adveniunt etiam extra florem, 
super costam—interdum in tota sua longitudine—pistillidia sterilia nuda 
permulta, internis omnino conformia nisi parum minora; florem versus 
seepe cum antheridiis consociata, his autem costee marginibus magis 
approximata, 

Capsula bistrata est, strato externo crasso, e cellulis subquadratis, 
columnis angularibus fulcitis ; interno longe tenuiore e cellulis elongatis 
irregularibus, fibra spirali laxa interrupta repletis. Elateres bispiri, vel 
ad dimidium usque 3-spiri, alii plures in capsulee fundo alte convexo 
longius persistentes, ceteris autem homomorphi. Pedicellus cellulis 
pluristratis alternis conformibus conflatus. 

Obs. I cannot venture to combine this plant with Taylor’s Noteroclada 
confluens, of which I have an original specimen, gathered by Sir J. Hooker 
at Cape Horn. Besides minor differences, the leaves of N. confluens differ 
in being scarcely at all imbricated, broader than long, in about the same 
proportion (4 to 3) as those of my plant are longer than broad ; but they 
are thickened towards the middle base in the same way, and the stem is 
villous beneath with long white radicles, asin N. leucorhiza. Taylor calls 
the elaters of his plant “ brevissimi,” whereas in mine they are, as I have 
described them, “ longissimi.” 

At Marabitanas, the frontier town of North Brazil, I gathered on wet 
banks by the Rio Negro, along with Jung. heteracria n. sp., a Noteroclada, 
which I refer doubtfully to N. porhyrorhiza, guided mainly by its stout 
red radicles ; but the specimens are in such battered condition that I do 
not venture to describe them. 


XXXVI. SCALIA, Gray, Nat. Arr. Br. pl. (1821). 


Mniopsis Dum. Comm. Bot. (1823). Gymnomitrium Corda in 
Opiz. Beitr. (1829); Haplomitrium Nees. Hep. Eur. (1833). 

Caules validi suberecti, e rhizomate flexuoso ramoso, aliis ramis 
flagellaribus (arhizis tamen) orti, subsimplices, ramis foliosis paucis 
(ubi adsint) lateralibus. ¥olia magna subtransversa tristicha, per 
tria subverticillata, verticillis subdissitis ; f. lateralia late oblonga 
obovatave integra, repanda vel apice rude paucidentata; f. postica 
angustiora; cellule magne subzequilatero-hexagonz leptodermes. 
Flores dioici: @? terminales, polygyni. Bractew (vix propriz) a 
receptaculo sxpe remotiuscule, foliis paulo latiores, plerumque 
inciso-dentate. Perianthium nullum. Culyptra magna, subcylin- 
drica, multoties longior quam lata, leptodermis vel inferne carno- 
sula, basi et paulo altius pistillidiis sterilibus obsita, demum apice, 


532 SCALIA. 


vel uno latere, dehiscens. Capsula alte exserta fusiformi-cylindrica 
unistrata, cellulis vacuis conflata, 4-valvis, incomplete dehiscens, 
valvulis inter se (apice precipue) diu coherentibus. Llateres 
tenues arcte dispiri, pauci apicales autem monospiri ceteris diutius 
persistentes, omnes demum decidui. Spore minutule asperule. 
Antheridia in toto fere caule masculo bracteis dissitis apice incicis 
laxe vel vix operta, 3-5na, globosa aurantiaca brevistipitata. 

Hab. et Distr. Species unica Europea (in Anglia, Scandinavia et 
Germania boreali inventa) terram arenosam in ericetis habitat; species 
2 Americe tropic, altera Andina, altera Antillana (anne revera 
diversze ?) in arboribus putrescentibus vigent. 


1. Scania ANDINA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos, in monte Pingullu dicto, supra pagum Tava- 
losos, alt. circiter 1500™, ubi ad ligna putrida in locis cavis umbrosis 
humidis, sociis Anewris Muscisque viget ; Andes Quitenses, in sylva 
Canelos, ad truncos cariosos, alt. 1300". 


Caulis sectio ‘9x °65 ; folia lateralia 3°3 x 2°3, 35 x 3:0, f. postica 4:0 x 2:1, 
3°0*1:35 3 cpp 3 cal 90x12; ped 30-35 ; caps 45x10; elateres 
“6-75 ; spore gy ; cell. capsule zy X gy X gy™™. 

Caudex repens, ad 2 pollices longus, virens, validus flexuosus intricato- 
ramosus, aphyllus, arhizus, caules paucos pluresve, pollicares vel 
altiores, suberectos, plerumque simplices, raro subramosos—ad foli- 
orum insertionem obconico-incrassatos, necnon flagella breviuscula 
valida aphylla arhiza, apice mucoso matricem penetrantia eidemque 
arcte adhwrentia, edens. Cellulee caulis in diametro sub 18, omnes 
sectione fere equilate et eequilatero-hexagone, parce chlorophyllose, 
extimee 1-3plo longiores quam late, interne multo magis elongate 
pellucidioresque. 

Folia inferiora ad squamulas parvas semicirculares dissitas redacta, supe- 
riora sensim increscentia, viridia, patentia vel suberecta, insertione 
subtransversa, tristicha, subverticillata val saltem per tria collater- 
alia, sc. 2 opposita, magna, obovato-oblonga, rotundata, margine 
undulato vel subeequali integerrima, subplana pellucida ; cellule 
magne leptodermes hexagone subeequilateree, superiores paulo 
minores subquadratee. 

Foliola (s. folia postica) f. lateralibus paulo altius inserta—raro basi cum 
altero eorum connata—angustiora, interdum sublongiora, ligulato- 
oblonga rotundata.—Subinde folia dislocata evadunt et inter se fere 
eequidistantia (nec verticillata) ; plerumque autem intervenit spatium 
sat longum inter foliorum triada consecutiva. 

Flores dioici: Q in receptaculo terminali subnudi, foliis (vix bracteis 
appellandis) ceteris paulo majoribus latioribusque, interdum grosse 
angulato-dentatis, intermedio ligulato hine basi connato, laxe in- 
volucrati. Pistillidia plura. 

Calyptra nuda longissima, folia triplo fere excedens, clavato-cylindrica, 
apice in cupulam parvam corrugatam clausam (e eujus centro exseri- 
tur stylus brevis) dilatata, mollis, ad speciem carnosula, revera 


SCALIA. 533 


solum basin versus subincrassata, basi ipsa vel paulo altius pistillidiis 
sterilibus obsessa, in sicco corrugato-striata. Capsula in pedicello 
plus minus alto suffulta, calyptra duplo brevior, fusiformi-cylindrica, 
flavida rufulave, substantia firma, cellulis tamen solum wnistratis, 
elongatis subrectangularibus (pariete colorato corneo, fibris annulari- 
bus nullis); plerumque follicularis, uno solo latere dehiscens, val- 
vulis ad czeteras stuituras inter se coherentibus. Elateres prelongi 
tenues subobtusi arcte dispiri. Sub capsule apice adveniunt elateres 
pauci, ceteris subbreviores, late monospiri, inter quas alii plurimi 
elateres normaliter dispiri, a pariete jam soluti, intorquati longius 
restant, demum autem omnes decidunt. Sporee minutule, elaterum 
diametrum vix duplo excedentes, subglobose, verruculoso-striate. 


Obs. Caulis subdichotomus, vel saltem ramis omnibus lateralibus, raro 
tamen e foliorum axilla ortis. 


In the European Scalia Hookeri the capsule is sometimes cloven on 
one side only; rarely are all the valves completely separated, but mostly 
remain cohering at the apex even when free elsewhere. The capsule- 
wall consists of a single layer of cells, except at the apex, where an inner 
lining of thin cells is added. Several elaters are attached to this apical 
cupola, but they are equally long and slender as the others; they are 
either monospirous throughout, or dispirous below, but with one thread 
running out at about midway. All the other elaters are dispirous, and 
a good many of them are entangled in the apical elaters, with which 
they persist for a time, but soon fall away along with them. 


XXXVII. SYMPHYOGYNA, Mont. Ann. Se. Nat. (1836). 


Frondes vel prostrate, basi et per intervalla radicantes, vel e 
caudice prostrato radicelloso orte, suberectz, subarhize ; omnee 
lineares, parce dichotome, pagina unistrata, laxe reticulata, integer- 
rima, serrulata, vel pinnatifida ; costa angustiuscula, plano-convexa 
filo axiali lignoso opaco percursa. Raro adveniunt etiam rami postici 
fronduleve, subter costam primariam orti, flagella autem nulla. 
Flores omnium fere dioici: 9? antici, subsessiles, sc. coste facie 
supera insidentes. Bractee minute, 2—3-juge, tristiche, pleramque 
bifidee, vel laterales 3-5-fidee; intime in cyathulum (antice apertum) 
alte connate ; exteriores (ubi adsunt) angustz, intimis ad squamu- 
larum instar adnate. Pistillidia plurima (20-70). Periunthium 
nullum. Calyptra maxima prelonga subcylindrica carnosa pluri- 
strata, (strato extimo receptaculum cum calyptra maturescente sub- 
latum sistente), sepe mucosa, apice pistillidiis sterilibus coronata, 
demum irregulariter rupta. Pedicellus prealtus, basi calceolatus. 
Capsula calyptra subduplo brevior, subcylindrica, 4-8plo lorgior 
quam lata, cellulis unistratis lineari-quadrangulis vacuis conflata, 
4-valvis, valvulis sepe apice diu coherentibus. lateres tenues 
dispiri decidui. Spore minute. Antheridia ad costs margines in 

TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 31 


534 SYMPHYOGYNA. 


scrobiculis nidulantia, solitaria, brevistipitata, bractea squameeformi 
incisula fornicaté obvelata; omnes bracteze interdum in alam plus 
minus continuam connate. 

Hab. et Distr. Species adhue cognitz in terris tropicis et austra- 
lioribus crescunt, nulla in Europa; 4 in Andibus sylvestribus—una 
sola earum etiam in planitie—meipso lectz szepissime ripariz vide- 
bantur, in terra saxisque necnon in truncis prostratis rivulorum 
aquis humectatis vigentes. 


A. Frondes prostrate, cwudice repente nullo. 


1. S. Brasiliensis. Frondes integerrime. 

2. S. Brongmarti. Frondes pinnatifidee-partiteve. 

3. S. leptothelia. Frondes serratie. 

B. Frondes suberecte, e caudice repente orte. (= Hymenophyton Dum.) 
4. S. Hymenophyllum. Frondes distanter denticulatz spinuloseve. 


1. SyMpHyoGyNA BRASILIENSIS (Nees.) Mont. 
Jungermania Brasiliensis, Nees in Mart. Fl. Bras. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in M. Altar, ad aggeres umbrosos ; in M. Tungu- 
ragua, in declivibus humidis: alt. 2400". 

Fr. lat. 5:0; costa 1:5 x °35; ¢ sh—qs; wvol 1°5-2°5 alt.; cal 80x 1-25; 
ped 34; caps 40x11; br g'4x ‘6 (v. minores); anth °3 x °2™™, 

Prostrata, lurido-viridis, subinde, ad costam precipue, purpurascens. 
Frondes 3°™ longze, basi et hic illic radicantes, lato-lineares flexuosee, 
integerrime, simplices v. semel bisve furcatze, late costate; costa 
sectione semilanceolata, filo centrali lignoso tenui percursa; cellule 
limbi majuscule subeequilateree tenues subchlorophyllose. Frondes 
basin versus seepe postice sub ramose, sc. frondulam unam alteramve 
prodentes. 

Flores dioici: ? antici, e costa oriundi, pauci, solitarii, bracteé viridi 
breviuscula 3-6-fida, laciniis attenuatis interdum incisis, raro duplici 
suffulti. [Vidi etiam unicum involucrum e phyllis 6 liberis imbri- 
catulis, apice tenuibus, sublaceris, formatum. | 

Calyptra erecta, latitudine frondis longior, subcylindrica, carnosa, apice 
sensim rotundato pistillidiis sterilibus (20 vel seepe paucioribus) elon- 
gatis coronata, basi stipite brevi valido suffulta. Capsula 2plo 
brevior cylindrico-fusiformis rufa tenuis, cellulis elongatis unistratis 
conflata, longipedunculata, 

Planta ¢ tenuior; antheridia ad costee margines foveolatas inserta soli- 
taria disticha, subinde, seriebus 2 intermediis, supra costam adjectis, 
4-sticha, maxima obovato-globosa, brevissime stipitata, bracteé forni- 
cata latiore quam longf, apice lato 2-4-fida, subvelata, vix autem 
operta. 

Possibly the same as S. atronervia Tayl. (S. H. 787), found on Pallun, 
near Cuenca, by Jameson; but Taylor says the capsule has two layers of 
cells, and splits (incompletely) with many valves. 


2. SympHYOGYNA BroNnGNIARTII, Mont.! 
Ann. des Sc. Nat. (1843). 
Hab, ad terram umbrosam super muscos repens; in truncis prostratis 


SYMPHYOGYNA. 535 


cariosis; in rivulorum saxis arenaque etc., per Andes Quitenses et 
Peruvianos sat frequens: Chimborazo, Tunguragua, Lamas, ete. Ad 
alt. 3000™ usque ascendit; in montium radicibus et in ipsa planitie 
rarior: Panuré fluvii Uaupés, in terra; ad fl. Negro cataractas in 
monte Serra do Gama dicto. Crescit etiam in Mexico et insulis 
Antillis. 

Frondis lat. 6°5; laciniw 3:0 x 1:8; coste sectio 13x 0°3; ¢ Akh; br 18; 
calyptra 18-20 x 16 x 1:2; ped 40; caps 8°5 x 0°8; elateres 0'6™™, 
Pallide viridis tenera prostrata. Frondes bipollicares prostrate plane, 
radicellis longis pallidis hic illic, basin versus preecipue, matrici ad- 
fixee, bis terve dichotome, ramis divergentibus, lineares, pinnatifidee ; 
sinubus acutis rotundatisve plerumque profundis, ad paginee ? lat., 
interdum solum ad 4-4 lat.; segmentis approximatis rhomboideis 
oblique truncatis, raro rotundatis, repandis rarius angulato-denticu- 
latis; cellulee magnze subeequilaterze leptodermes parum chlorophyl- 
lose ; costa lata plano-convexa, sectione semilanceolata, e cellulis 
pluristratis, externis subopacis, conflata, filo lignoso tenui, infra 

dichotomias duplici, ad axim percursa. 

Flores dioici: 9 antici, costee facie superiore hic illic apiceque insidentes. 
Bractee minut, 3 interiores basi connate, bifidee; exteriores ad 
squamulas lanceolatas, ex p. interioribus adnatas, redactze.  Pistil- 
lidia plurima (ad 60 numeravi). 

Calyptra longissima, bracteas 10plo superantia, albida erecta, anguste 
tubulosa, compressula, cellulis 6-stratis pellucidis conflata ; papillis 
minutis, 2-3 cellulas longis, tota superficie, basin versus preecipue, 
sparsa, necnon strato denso mucoso tecta, apice pistillidiis sterilibus 
coronata. Pedicellus duplo longior pallidus tener, basi excipulo 
obconico obscure limbato receptus. Capsula calyptra 25plo brevior, 
lineari-cylindrica, rufa, tenuis, cellulis unistratis, linearibus pro m. 
truncatis, conflata, valvulis 4 liberis vel apice aliquamdiu coherenti- 
bus. Elateres elongati tenues dispiri decidui. Sporee minutz elateri- 
bus vix duplo latiores. 

Var. pinnatipartita: elatior, 3-4-pollicaris, seepe simplex vel semel fur- 
cata. Frondes ad costam fere usque pinnatipartite ; pinne basi sub- 
dissitz, superne latiores et subimbricatz, breviter biloba, vel 3-4- 
lobulatee, raro ex rotundato truncatove apice apiculate, margine 
angulatze et subdenticulate. Calyptra preelonga (22™™). Pedicellus 
60™" longus. (=Symph. pinnatipartita Mst., forsan pro specie ha- 
benda).—In trunco putrescente montis Guayrapata, alt. 2800™. 

Var. rigidiuscula, humilis, bis terve dichotoma. Pinnz subimbricatee, 
abrupte apiculate, denticulate. Bracteze laterales 3—5-fide, cum 
media 2-fida in cyathulum involucrale 8-12-fidum connate. Calyptra 
valde mucosa.—Tunguragua, in trunco carioso, alt. 2400™. 


3. SYMPHYOGYNA LEPTOTHELIA, Tayl. 
Lond. Journ. Bot. (1846); G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. p. 786. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, ad fl. Bombonasa in terra humida; pl. ¢ sola. 
Prope Casapi Peruviee detexit cl. Marurws plantas ¢ et 2, cum 
fructu. 

Frondis lat. 3:0; ¢ dy; anth -15™™, 


Prostrata pallida, ad costam purpurascens, siccando fusca. Frondes 
2-3 Jonge, radicellis pallidis longis compressis matrici basi pre- 


536 SYMPHYOGYNA. 


cipue adhzrentes, lato-lineares, plerumque furcatze, raro simplices, 
interdum ramum posticum proferentes, basin versus seepe rotundate 
(itaque stipitatze videantur), toto ambitu distanter spinuloso-serrate, 
dentibus antrorsum directis 2-3 cell. longis, basi 2 cell. latis ; costa 
lata, crassiuscula, subtus carinata, intus filo lignoso opaco percursa ; 
cellule majusculze subpellucidee. 

Antheridia in cost locellis parum profundis interrupte 2—4-seriatis soli- 
taria, majuscula subglobosa bracted parva bi-trifidé concava stipata. 
Subinde advenit bractea major, 2 bracteis connatis constans, anther- 
idia 2 (singulo tamen in suo proprio locello) obtegens. 

A S. Hymenophyllo fronde prostrata radicellosa distat, necnon (fide 

Taylori, quum fructum ipse nondum vidi) calyptra longe obovata. 


4. SympHyocyNA HyMENoPHYLLUM (Hook.) Mont. ? 
Jungermania Hymenophyllum Hook. Muse. Exot. t. 14? 

Hab. Var. heterogena 8. ad Tarapoto, in rival saxis irrigatis. 

Fr. lat 4:0; costa *7; cell 5; wmv 1:9; prstel “7™™. 

Viridis, siecando fuscidula. Rhizoma tenue repens radicellosum, plus 
minus alatum, Frondes suberectie, 5™ longs, bis bifida; lacinic 
seepe elongate, lineari-lanceolate, emarginatee, flexuose undulateque, 
valde distanter denticulatee spinuloseeve ; costa latiuscula tenuiuscula, 
3c. crassa, filo centrali lignoso valido dichotomias versus duplici per- 
cursa, subtus plus minus radicellosa; cellulee majuscule subequi- 
laterze subpellucidee. 

Flores dioici: @ ad fureas necnon hic illic ad medias lacinias, 3 circiter 
cujusque lacinize, positi, stipite perbrevi valido carnoso suffulti. 
Bractea ad medium usque 3-6-fida, laciniis subulatis caudato-acu- 
minatis incurvis, subinde hine vel utrinque basin versus 1-bidentata, 
extus bracteolis parvis adnatis forma varlis seepe lanceolatis integer- 
rimis v. subincisis aucta. Pistillidia plurima (50-60), preelonga. 

Obs. This agrees so well in its vegetative organs with Hooker’s figure, 

above-quoted, that it can hardly be any other species. As I did not find 
it in fruit, and have seen no fertile New Zealand specimens, I cannot 
venture to say whether Dumortier’s genus Hymenophyton, framed to con- 
tain Hooker’s Jungermania flabellata and J. Hymenophyllum, is tenable 
by any good character; for the 9 flowers springing from the forks of the 
frond, as in normal forms of those species, are combined in my specimens 
with lateral (antical) flowers, about 3 on each lacinia, as in typical species 
of Symphyogyna. The dendroid stems, arising from a creeping caudex, is 
a good prima facie distinction, but if no other exist, I suppose we must 
hold Hymenophyton to be a mere section of Symphyoqyna. Moreover, in 
the preceding species, S. leptothelia, the fronds, although quite like those 
of S. Hymenophyllum in texture and in the toothed margin, are prostrate 
and closely rooting, nor is there anything tree-like about them ; so that 
even that distinction fades away. 


XXXVI. PALLAVICINIA, Gray. 


Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. (1821). Dilana Dum. Comm. Bot. (1823). 
Blyttia Endl. (1840); Syn. Hep. (1846). 


Genus cum Symphyogyna convenit aspectu ; fronde valide costata 


PALLAVICINIA. 537 


(seepius autem facie postica ramosa, rarius apice fureata) ; situ antico 
florescentie tam ¢ quam 2; antheridiis solitariis, ad costa mar- 
gines uniseriatis, bracteatis; involucro ? eidem Symphyogyne per- 
simili, revera bracteis 2—3-seriatis, varie fissis, in cyathulum plus 
minus arcte connatis constante ; differt autem presentia pertanthw 
magni tubularis carnosi, ore ciliolati. Calyptra, eadem fere forma 
ac Symphyogyne, tenuior est, solum infra medium carnosula et 
pistillidiis sterilibus (sub 20) sparsa—nec apice ipso pistillidiis coro- 
nata. Capsula tenui-cylindrica, unistrata, valvulis 4 sepe incom- 
plete dehiscentibus. Llateres et spore cum iis Symphyogyne exacte 
fere congruunt. 


Hab. et Distr. Species forsan solitaria huic generi recte adscripta, 
per orbem terrarum rarius dispersa, loca humida umbrosa tam calida 
quam frigidiuscula diligit. 


1. PauuAvictnia LyELLit (Hook.) Gray. 
Jungermania Lyellia Hook. Brit. Jung. t. 77 
Hab. In humidis umbrosis ad truncos putrescentes saxaque, rarius in 
ipsa terra, in Andium orientalium radicibus sat frequens et fertilis : 
Canelos, Tavalosos, Guayrapurina, &c., raro supra 1000 metra ascen- 
dens; in planitie hic illic in statu solum sterili observata fuit—Stirps 
cosmopolitana, nullibi autem copiosa. 


Frondes 30 x 4-6; ¢ 7-4; coste sectio 85 x°35; invol. 9 1:5 altum; per 
100x1:3; ped 35; caps 4:0x°8, cellule } longe; pistill. 6; invel 


¢ “4=™ latum. 


Frondes in plagas latiusculas extens, vix stratificatee, pallide virides, 


flavicantes vel lurido-purpurascentes, subpollicares, simplices vel 
frondulas 2-4 e facie postica basin versus proferentes, obovato- 
ligulatze vel breviores et subovatie, apice emarginatz rarissime semel 
fureatee, basi sensim vel abrupte angustate radicellis villose (ideo 
caudicem repentem alatum simulantes), superne a matrice plerumque 
liberee arhizz, undulate, valide costate integerrime vel subserratz. 
Cellule paginzee magne oblongo-hexagone, leptodermes pellucide, 
fere vacuze. Costa plano-convexa, subtus alte rotundata, filo axiali 
nigro lignescente, cellulis pluristratis angustissimis constante, per- 
cursa. 

Flores dioici: @ antici, seepe 2 plus minus dissiti cujusque frondis costa 
medium versus insidentes. Bracteze in ivolucrum alte cupulare, 
fertile carnosum, sterile tenuius, ore in lacinias ciliiformes pluri- 
fidum, demum perianthii basin arcte amplectens, connate. Pistil- 
lidia 20, preelonga. 

Perianthium erectum lineari-cylindricum carnosum, inferne 5 cellulas 
crassum, ore subconstricto lobato-ciliolatum. Calyptra paulo brevior 
angustiorque rufula superne tenuis, a basi ultra medium 2-3. crassa 
et pistillidiis sterilibus sparsa, apice irregulariter rupta. Pedicellus 
elongatus, totam frondem excedens, pallidus tenellus. Capsula 
ealyptra duplo brevior, subcylindrica, 5plo longior quam lata, 


538 PALLAVICINIA. 


4-valvis, vel seepius, valvulis per paria apiceque coherentibus, solum 
2-valvis, tenuis; cellule unistratee lineares, apice szpe truncate, 
alize autem acute, fibra spirali omnino carentes. 

Plante ¢ tenuiores. Antheridia majuscula subglobosa stipitata, soli- 
taria, in scrobiculis frondis juxta costam seriatis nidulantia; bracteis 
ad cost margines utrinque in alam plus minus continuam, plurilo- 
batam (lobis spinulosis) connatis obvelata. 


Formas plurimas legi, omnes caracteribus minoris momenti a typo 
divergentes. Ad Sad Gabriel do Rio Negro forma adest frondibus pree- 
longis magis ramosis, per intervalla angustatis ad costam fere redactis, 
colore lurido. Involucrum ad basin fere usque pluripartitum, laciniis 
subpalmatipartitis angustissimis. In sylva Canelos advenit fronde basi 
longe repente ad costam redacta vel anguste alata; frondibus partialibus 
eodem modo inferne longe angustatis, quasi-stipitatis. 

Stirps Britannica (e specim. ab ipso Hookero!) cum Andina bene con- 
venit. Frondes fertiles breviusculee. Bracteee Q in involucrum altius- 
cule connate, palmatifido-laciniatie. 


XXXIX. MONOCLEA, Hook. Musc. Exot. (1820). 


Frondes validee cuneatie anguste dichotome, costa preelata et crassa, 
ad margines in paginam angustam sensim attenuata, subtus radicellis 
villosa, Flores dioici: 9 terminales, in laciniarum costa ab apice 
profunde excavata nidulantes, involucro proprio nullo. Pistillidia 
1-3, omnia fertilia: (sterilia nulla vidi, anne igitur adsint?) Calyp- 
tra libera, cavitati exacte sequilonga, compresso-cylindrica, apice 
demum labiis ducbus dehiscens. Capsula in pedicello longiusculo 
magna, oblongo-cylindrica, cellulis unistratis vacuis conflata, 4-valvis, 
hine tamen solum longitudinaliter dehiscens, valvulis ceeterum inter 
se coherentibus vel tantum ipso apice hiantibus. lateres longis- 
simi dispiri. Spore minutissime asperule. <Andrecia.. . 

Hab. Ad saxa rivulorum emersa, locis montanis umbrosis. Déstr. 
Speciei typicee, a Forster in insulis australibus lecta, ‘ Muse. Exot.’ 
1. c. delineate, exemplaria authentica nondum vidi. Nostra Andina 
cum Hookeri figura et descriptione satis convenit, si attamen diversa 
fuerit forsan ad M. Goltschei Lindberg, referenda. Monoclea tertia 
ex Antillis advenit, a me nonnisi in statu sterili visa, ex habitu 
autem distincta videretur. 


1. Monocied Forstert, Hook. ? 
Muse. Exot. t. 174. 


Hab. Andes Peruvianos, ad rivulorum saxa lignaque in monte Guayrapu- 
rind, alt. 1000™; Andes Quitenses, in saxis fluvii Pastasa irrigatis. 
Brasilia borealis, ad rivulorum saxa in monte Serra do Gama dicto 
prope fl. Negro cataractas. In Mexico invenit LimpMann. 

Frondis cellule ;—-4 ; costa 14 cell., limbus 4-1 cell. erassit.; cal 80x13; 
ped 15-380; caps 55 x 1°1, cell 4-1; elat 1:6™™. 


MOoNOCLEA. 539 


Prostrata, olivaceo-viridis, habitu Marchantioideo. Frondes 5-6%™ longe, 
ambitu subcuneatse, apicem versus subflabellatim bis dichotome, 
furcis valde acutangulis, inferne 10™™ late, superne furcas versus 
dilatatze, laciniis duplo angustioribus; carnose, obscure lateque 
costate, medio 14 cell. crass, marginem versus sensim attenuate, 
in ipso margine 1-4 cell. crass, supra leves nude, subtus radicellis 
prelongis appressis villose ; cellulz tenerz, superficiales magne 


oblongo-hexagonz opace chlorophyllose, interiores magis pellu- 
cide. 


Flores dioici: Fructificatio in laciniarum costa ab apice profunde exca- 
vata recepta. Perianthiwm nullum. Calyptra albida, omnino im- 
mersa, libera, ore inzequaliter bilabiato cum frondis apice contermina, 
centimetrum fere longa, tubularis, a fronte compressula, faciebus 2 
cell. crassa, utrinque margines versus sensim incrassata, ad acies 
5-7 cell. crassa. Pedicelli (seepissime bini) plus minus alte exserti 
pallidi crassiusculi. Capsula dimidiam calyptram excedens oblongo- 
cylindrica, rufo-fusca, erecta, curvula, facie convexa longitudinaliter 
dehiscens, interdum apice breviter trifida; cellulis unistratis magnis 
linearibus, truncatis acutisve, intus fibris annularibus crebris repletis, 
conflata. Hlateres longissimi tenues arcte dispiri, decidui. Spore 
elateribus vix duplo latiores, globose, minute asperulee. 

Andrecia non inveni. 


Subtribus VII. METZGERIEZE, 


Plante frondose, pinnatim vel dichotome ramosz, pinnis lacini- 
isve linearibus, in die solum e generibus duobus constantes. /rondes 
in altero genere (Aneura) carnose ; costa—lacinularum saltem, inter- 
dum etiam primaria—lata, intus valde laxe cellulosa, utraque facie 
cellulis corticalibus minoribus operta, pagina lineari plerumque alata, 
subtus plus minus radicellosa. In altero (Metzgeria) frondes mem- 
branacez ; costa ubique angusta, cellulis internis parvis, corticalibus 
magnis pellucidis, conflata ; radicellas e margine costaque—subinde 
e tota superficie, inferiore precipue, proferentes. lores dioici, 
rarius autoici, rarissime paroici. Ram floriferi breves, in Aneura 
laterales, in Metzgeria postici. Genitalia utriusque sexus in recep- 
taculo (i.e. ramuli costa abbreviata) disticha—solum in A. latissima 
organa 6 tetrasticha inveniuntur—subcontigua, 2-20-raro_pluri- 
juga; pistillidia plerumque pauciora, cylindrico-subulata, astyla ; 
antheridia sepissime in diversa stirpe, vel saltem in ramo distineto, 
globosa, majuscula, in Metzyerta stipite unicellulari insidentia, in 
Aneura in alveolis biseriatis sessilia. Pertanthium nullum. Calyp- 
tra magna subclayata, carnosa, ramuli fertilis limbo basi breviter in- 
volucrata, pistillidiisque sterilibus cireumdata, superne sxpius vel 
papillosa vel (in Metegeria) radicellis hirta. Capsula plerumque 
brevipes, subcylindrica vel ovalis, ad basin usque 4-valvis, bistrata, 


540 METZGERIE2. 


cellulis internis helicem plus minus completam, vel obsoletam, in- 
cludentes. lateres monospiri, utroque fine tenues peracuti, helice 
lata plana; alii autem apicales breves, rigidi, helice incompleta 
farcti, diutius persistentes et cum nonnullis normalibus intexti in 
penicillos quatuor porrecti: omnes demum decidui. Spore minute, 
leeves vel vix asperule. 


40, ANEURA. Frondes semper fere pinnatim ramosve, carnose, costa lata 
spe a pagina haud facile distinguenda, radicellis solum hypogenis. 
Flores in ramis lateralibus. Calyptra levis vel papillosa. Capsula 
subeylindrica. Andreecia alveolata. 

41. Merzcrerra. Frondes dichotome rarissime pinnatee, tenues, costa bene 
definita, radicellis ad margines, subter costam, seepe etiam ad paginam, 
plus minus pilose. Flores in ramis hypogenis. Calyptra hirta. Cap- 
sula ovalis. Andrcecia plana. 


The plants here brought together as a subtribe have almost as much 
right to be regarded a distinct tribe, separated from Jungermaniee by the 
constantly monospirous elaters, and by the distinctly distichous arrange- 
ment not only of the male but also of the female organs, on their several 
receptacles. There is, however, no dilatation of the apex of the pedicel 
comparable to that of the Jubulee; and the elaters, although mono- 
spirous, are not permanently fixed to the capsule by one extremity and 
truncate at the other, as in Jubulew. And as to their other characters, 
nearly all are paralleled in certain of the genera grouped under the 
previous subtribe, Fossombroniew ; while the habit is often very like that 
of Symphyogyna and Pallavieinia. 

The two genera, Anewra and Metzgeria, constituting the subtribe Metz- 
geriee, are themselves separated by such marked characters that some 
authors have relegated them to distinct tribes ; while in the ‘Synopsis 
Hepaticarum’ certain species of Aneura are confounded with Metzgeria, 
for want of observing the constant character of the purely lateral rami- 
fication of Aneuwra, whereas in Metzgeria all the flowering branches are 
postical. The inflorescence and fructification are, however, so essentially 
alike in both genera that in a natural arrangement the two must always 
stand side by side. [See further my remarks under Aneura.] 


XL. ANEURA, Dumort. 


Riccardia Gray, Nat. Arr. (1821) pro parte; Anewra Dum. Comm. 
(1823); Acrostolia Ejusd. Recueil. (1835); Pseudoneura Gottsch. 
Mex. Leverm. (1863). 

Plante late depresso-ceespitosee, carnosula, raro amoene virides, 
plerumque lurido-virides-purpurascentesve, in sicco seepe nigricantes, 
Frondes vel prostrate, radicellis matrici arcte adherentes, pinna- 
tifide ramos, ramis alternis; vel e rhizomate radicelloso ramoso, 
interdum. flagellifero, ort, assurgentes, bi-tripinnats, pinnis (pri- 
mariis saltem) oppositis, apice (in sicco preecipue) pro more decurvis. 
Caulis, sive costa primaria teres vel plus minus compressa, ubique, 


ANEURA. 541 


vel solum apicem versus—in plerisque nullibi—alata ; in his ultimis 
saltem pluristrata, cellulis subconformibus vel corticalibus sub- 
minoribus et brevioribus conflata. Pinne pinnuleque lineares, 
raro omnino exalate, plerumque medio late tenuicostate, utrinque 
limbo unistrato, vel ex p. bistrato, costa squilato vel angustiore, 
alate. Cellule limbi, idem ac costa superficiales, majusculee—par- 
vule, subzequilatero-hexagonze vel parum oblongate, plus minus 
chlorophyllosz ; cellulz costz interne 2—4plo majores elongato- 
hexagone, pro more inanes. ores dioici, rarius monoici. An- 
drecia ramulos abbreviatos sistentia ; costa ramuli utringue foveolis 
2-20, raro pluribus, uniseriatis—in A. latissima seepe biseriatis— 
antheridia solitaria magna globosa subsessilia foventibus excavata, 
limbo lineari crenato vel plurilobulato erecto-incurvo, involucri vici- 
bus fungente, utrinque obducta. Gynecia ramulos (in speciebus 
pinnatis seepe pinnulas 2 cujusque pinne infimas), masculis similes 
sed breviores, sistentia. Pustillidia ad costulam utrinque uniseriata, 
2-8-juga (in A. hymenophytoide usque ad 20-juga vidi) sessilia brevia 
subeylindrica astyla, unico (seepe terminali) fertili ; involucrum mas- 
culo simile, sepissime autem lamellis utrinque duabus ad costam 
usque incisis, segmentis exterioribus cum interioribus alternantibus, 
omnibus plerumque iterum laciniatis, laciniis angustis flexuosis, 
constans. (Ramulus ¢ ubi fertilis perseepe brevissimus; ita ut 
involucrum fructis, ad squame formam redactum—subinde deorsum 
gibbum, raro autem radicans—cum pistillidiis sterilibus calyptrae 
basin circumstans videtur.) Pervanthium nullum. Calyptra magna, 
plus minus clavata, carnosa, recens perseepe mucosa, in quibusdam 
papillosa, apice (in omnibus ?) papillis paucis magnis, liberis vel inter 
se in umbonem coadunatis, coronata. Pedicellus brevis cellulis 
axialibus 4-seriatis, corticalibus plerumque 12-seriatis, constans, basi 
calceolatus. Capsula magna, oblongo-cylindrica, angusta, plus duplo 
(in A. latissima 5plo fere) longior quam lata, ad basin usque 4-valvis; 
bistrata, cellulis lineari-rectangulis, interioribus fibra raro perfecte 
spirali, plerumque disrupta—annulari vel semiannulari—repletis. 
Elateres capsula 2-4plo breviores, prelate laxe monospiri, utroque 
fine capillacei; alii autem (eaterophor’) sub valvularum apice diu 
persistentes, breves, claviformes vel subcylindrici, spiram incomple- 
tam sepe annularem includentes, primum devexi, capsula aperta 
assurgentes et cum aliis multis elateribus normalibus intricati in 
penicillos 4 porrecti. Spore minutz elateribus vix zequilate, leves 
vel minutissime asperulee. 

Hab. Aneure, inter hepaticas preeprimis saproxylophile, etiam in 


542 ANEURA. 


terra humida umbrosa et ad saxa rivulorum vigent. Ubique terra- 
rum inventa sunt. In sylvis Amazonicis et Andinis ad truncos pro- 
stratos putrescentes, seepe muscis irrepentes, valde abundant ; species 
autem caracteribus difficillime eruende, propterea nullam Amazoni- 
cam cum Antillanis, etc. identificare potui. 


The existence of a costa, or nerve, in Anewra is undeniable, and in the 
robuster species the primary costa, or stem, is almost terete, and consists of 
many concentric strata, whose structure is not sensibly different from what 
obtains in other hepaticee. But the costa in the ultimate, and often in the 
penultimate, divisions of the frond usually becomes thin and broad, and 
(contrary to the normal proportions in other genera) the inner layers consist 
of much larger and more pellucid cells than those of the superficial layers, 
whose lateral extension—that of the upper surface especially—constitutes 
the wing or pagina which exists in nearly every species.—The transition 
from species usually (but erroneously) regarded as quite destitute of a 
nerve to those where its existence is undisputed is so gradual that the 
supposed genus Acrostolia Dum. (Pseudonewra Gottsch.), framed for the 
reception of the strongly-nerved species, is inadmissible even as a sub- 
genus. 

The ¢ and @ receptacles are abbreviated pinnules, or branchlets, 
having the same lateral origin as the efloriferous pinnules. Both anthe- 
ridia and pistillidia are solitary, and inserted in two rows, one row on 
each side of the upper face of the costa of the pinnules; the antheridia in 
little pits (alveoles) on the very margin, the pistillidia sessile a little 
within the margin of the costa; and they are partially veiled (involucrate) 
by the incurved, and often deeply laciniate, wings of the pinnule. I 
have not seen the two sexes united on the same receptacle, although that 
is said to sometimes occur in the European A. palmata ; but it is singular 
that, while the involucre of the antheridia is single, that of the pistil- 
lidia is usually double, or bilamellate, each of the twin lamelle being 
besides more deeply cut, with more numerous and narrower laciniz, than 
the ¢ involucre. Possibly, in some anterior synoicous condition of the 
Aneure, the outer of the two lamellae may have subtended the antheridia. 
The involucra that contain only sterile Q flowers are often very little 
shortened, and show the distichous arrangement of the pistillidia very 
clearly ; but where one of the latter has been fertilised, and has grown 
out into a calyptra, the short involucre surrounds its base like a cup, and 
although its duplicate character may be detected, the bilateral insertion 
of the sterile pistillidia that still adhere to its costa becomes indistinct. 
The antheridia vary from 2 to 12 pairs, rarely as many as 20 pairs, except 
in A. latissima n. sp.—the only species that has the antheridia mostly in 
a double row on each side of the costa—where they are sometimes very 
numerous. The pistillidia are usually fewer, from 2 to 8 pairs; but I 
have once found as many as 20 pairs in A. hymenophytoide n. sp. 

J. B. Jack* has given the name of “ Elater-holders” (Schleudertrager, 
or Elateren-triéger) to the short stout elaviform elaters that persist in the 
apices of the capsule-valves, and hold each a pencil of twisted intricate 
slender-fusiform free elaters in mechanical (not organic) attachment ; 
although all finally fall away, and leave the valves quite naked within. 


* In his Review of Dumortier’s ‘ Hepatic Europe’: Bot. Zeit. 1877. 


ANEURA., 543 


A. Frondes fere planissime, subtus ad costam latam tenuem (3, raro 4, 
cellulas medio crasswam) vie convexule. 


1. A. latissima. Dioica, prostrata, matrici ubique appressa, prelate ligu- 
lata sinuato-pinnatifida ; costa prelata, c. 3 medio crassa. Calyptra 
prelonga glabra nisi pro papillis paucis apicalibus. Capsula 5plo 
longior quam lata, cylindracea. Antheridia utplurimum 4-seriata. 

2. A. leptophylla. Monoica, pusilla pallida, flabellatim bis divisa, laciniis 
lato-linearibus tenuicostatis late limbatis. Calyptra clavata apice 
alte mammillata, sub apice papillosa. Antheridia biseriata. 

3. A. tenuicula. Dioica, pusilla pallida, vage sinuato-bipinnatifida ; costa 
sat lata, tenui; limbo inferne angusto superne cost eequilato. Calyp- 
tra clavato-cylindrica superne obscure tuberculosa, mammilla apicali 
cito caduca. 


B. Frondis caulis s. costa primarva alte plano-convexa, biconvexa, 
vel subteres. 


a. Costa ab ipsa bast plus minus late alata. 
* Frondes integerrime vel solum repande. 


4. A. amazonica. Dioica, pusilla rufescens inzequaliter bipinnatifida ; 
costa primaria plano-convexa 5 cell. crassa; pinnule lato-lineares 
celluloso-subcrenulatz, limbo utrinque cost subzequilato. Calyptra 
clavato-cylindrica papillosa, apice alte mammillata. 

5. A. pectinata. Monoica pusilla rufescens bipinnatipartita, pinnis sub- 
flabellatim pinnulatis ; costa primaria basi subteres, c. 8 in diametro, 
pinnularum tenuis, utringue late limbata. Calyptra sat magna, 
clavata, valde carnosa, solum superne subtuberculosa, mammilla 
apicali crassa. 


** Frondes subserrulate vel ciliolate. 


6. A. trichomanoides. .Dioica, mediocris, bipinnatipartita; caulis bicon- 
vexus, medio 8 ec. crassus, late interrupte alatus, ala interdum spinu- 
losa; pinnulz subcontiguz lato-lineares late alate, superne serru- 
latee. 

7. A. ciliolata. Dioica, elata, primum dichotoma, dein bipinnata; costa 
valida pluristrata, solum supra medium ala interrupta ciliata mar- 
ginata ; pinnulée lato-lineares, laticostate, anguste alate, toto margine 
ciliolatee. 


b. Costa primaria exalata, vel tantwm hie illic rudimentarie alata, pinne 
autem pinnuleque ubique alate. 


8. A. pallida. Dioica elata tenuis bipinnata; costa subplano-convexa ec. 
sub 8 crassa; pinnee dissitee breviuscule, medio 6c. crass ; pinnule 
3-jugee, 4c. medio crasse, limbo perangusto pellucido. Calyptra 
pyriformi-clavata parum tuberculosa. 

9. A plumeformis. Dioica elata robusta tripinnata, caule subtereti pluri- 
strato; pinnulz subcontigue lato-lineares, costa 3-4c. crassa, limbo 
4-6c. lato, reti laxiusculo. 

10. A. andina. Dioica humilis bi-tripinnata, caule compresso-tereti, ¢. 12 
in diametro; pinnz anguste alate, pinnule limbo utrinque cost 
subeequilato. Calyptra magna subcylindrica breviuscule papillosa. 

11. A. hymenophytoides. Dioica, humilis, palmatim pinnata; pinne 
paucee, raro furcate, lato-lineares, tenui-costate, cellulis marginali- 
bus parvis. Calyptra clavata, densius papillosa. 


544 ANEURA. 


12. A. lepidomitra. Dioica, elatiuscula bipinnata, caule biconvexo, 6—7e. 
erasso, hic illic subalato; pinnule paucijugee sublineares, late lim- 
hate, costa superne angustiore. Calyptra clavata squamulis mem- 
branaceis conspersa. 


c. Costa primaria pinneque omnes exalate, ramulis ultimis peranguste 
alatis interdum exceptis. 

13, A. macrostachya. Pusilla, A. amazonice similis, minor, divisionibus 
omnibus (laciniis ultimis exceptis) exalatis; spicis ¢ prelongis, &e. 
distat. 

14. A. cervicornis. Dioica, mediocris, rigidula, algoidea, tripinnata, ramis 
in sicco circinatis; caulis subteres pluristratus; pinnee omnes sub- 
exalate, pinnule attenuate. Calyptra magna clavata tuberculata. 
Spicee ¢ breves. 


1, ANEURA LATISSIMA, Spruce. 


Hab. in truncis cariosis juxta 8. Gabriel, fluvii Negro; etiam in ripis flum. 
Amazonum paulo intra fines Peruvie. 


Frons et lacinie 3-8" late ; cellule 7; andrecia 2-4; calyptra 6:0 x°8, 


29 
50 x°75; capsula 3:0 x 65, 2°25 x 5mm, 

Viridis flaccida in latas plagas prostrata. Frondes 2-3-pollicares, 4-4 
pollicis latee, plane, prelate ligulatee, sinuato-pinnatifidze, lobis latis 
brevibus, subtus radicellis alicubi matrici necnon inter se adherentes ; 
costa lata (=frondis 4), tenuis, 3 cellulas crassa; pagina 1-2 cell. 
crassa; cellulee magne elongatie leptodermes opacee. 

Flores dioici: 9 ramuloabbreviato constantes. Pistillidia pauca, squamula 
brevi emarginataé fimbriata suffulta. 

Calyptra prielonga, cylindrica, albida, tenuis (basi 3-4 cell., apice 2 cell. 
crassa) submucosa, apice papillis paucis longis patulis coronata, in 
sicco rugoso-striata. Capsula duplo brevior, cylindracea bistrata, 
cellulis internis fibra tenui perfecte spirali repletis. Elateres pree- 
longi (1:25™™), fere recti, fibra spirali lata simplice farcti. 

Plante ¢ amentis (sc. frondis laciniis transformatis) pinnulate ; amenta 
solitaria vel 2-3na; frondis latitudine paulo breviora, tota facie supera 
foveolata; foveole plurijugee, 2-4-seriatee, primum ad speciem clause, 
serius limbo angusto eroso assurgente marginate ; antheridia solitaria 
maxima subsessilia. 

Ab A. sessili Spreng. distat fronde pralata tenuissima, in sicco mem- 
branacea; calyptra apice digitatim papillosa; antheridiis seepe 4-seriatis, 
etc. 

2. ANEURA LEPTOPHYLLA, Spruce. 

Hab. San Carlos del Rio Negro (Venezuele australis) in arboris cortice 
carioso. 

Fr. lacinive -2-5™" late ; cellule interne 75, marginales j3,-—)5; calyptra 
15 ad 2:0 x 0°3 ad 0-4™™, 

Pusilla tenella albicans pellucida arcte stratificata. Frondes 4-4 pollicis 
longa, prostrate, flabellate, primum subpinnatifidee, pinnis paucis, 
superioribus basi preelatis dein palmatipartitis (quasi bis terve dicho- 
tomis), tenuissime, medio cellulas 3 (raro 4) crass; costa angusta, 
raro plus quam 2 vel 3 cellulas lata, infra laciniarum apicem sepe 
evanescens, limbo utrinque 8-5 cell. lato ; cellule medi (interne) 


ANEURA, 545 


magn oblongo-hexagone, marginales duplo minores ineequilaterz 
convexo-prominule (unde laciniz crenulate evadunt). 

Flores monoici, raro dioici: 2 ramo brevi sistentes, Involuerum an- 
gustum subduplex digitifidum, interius basi calyptre plus minus 
alte adnatum. 

Calyptra pallida clavata, inferne 4 cellulas, apicem versus 2 cell. crassa, 
apice alte mammillata, sub apice papillosa, caeterum sublevis. Cap- 
sula eylindrico-oblonga. 

Amenta ¢ ramulum abbreviatum sistentia; alveoli 8-jugi, limbo angusto 
incurvo involucrati. 

Aneura tenuicula certe differt florescentia dioica, fronde viridiore sinuato- 
bipinnatifida, magis valide costata, margine vix celluloso-crenulata, mam- 
milla calyptre decidua. 


3. ANEURA TENUICULA, Spruce. 


Hab. in truncis prostratis cariosis prope flum. Amazonum ostia, loco 
Tauat, etiam secus fluvios Negro, Uaupes et Huallaga. 

Frondis laciniz 0:4™™ late ; cell. costales {, marginales J" late; calyptra 
16x ‘4; capsula 55 x 25mm, 

Pusilla pallide viridis prostrata. Frondes 4™ longe, plane, vage sinuato- 
bipinnatifidee, costa primaria 5 cell. lata, medio 3-4 cell. crassa, limbo 
variabili inferne perangusto, ad lacinias breves autem coste zquilato, 
subpellucido ; cellule internz (costales) magne elongatz subchloro- 
phyllosz ; limbi marginales triplo minores, inferiores lineares haud 
prominulz, superiores subglobosze convexule. 

Flores dioici: rami ? breves; pistillidia sub 6 paria, conferta. Bractea 
fructis annulari-cupularis digitatim plurilaciniata. 

Calyptra clavato-cylindrica, albida flavidave, inferne 4 cellulas, apice 2 
cell. crassa, apicem versus obscure tuberculosa levisve, mammilla 
apicali cito caduca. Capsula alte exserta, cylindrico-oblonga, valvulis 
lineari-lanceolatis. 

Andreecia brevia, alveolis antheridiisque 2-6-jugis. 

Obs. Cellule interns 5—6-seriatx, unistratee—interdum duplo numero et 
bistratze, cellulis superficialibus 2~4plo minoribus tenui strato opertze ; 
limbus ad caulem inferiorem szepe subnullus, ad lacinias autem costie 
subeauilatus. Planta ad fl. Huallaga ripas lecta viridior est, magis 
elongata, serpentina, valde inzequaliter ramosa, arcte intexta. Stirps 
Uaupensis pallidior est, pinnatifida, laciniis cuneato-oblongis bifidis 
trifidisve. Plante g cum Q mixte, easdemque arcte amplec- 
tentes. 


4, ANEURA AMAZONICA, Spruce. 


Hab. per totam sylvam Amazonicam, in truncis prostratis semiputridis, 
frequens; sc. prope Pard; ad S. Gabriel et 8. Carlos in fluvii Negro 
ripis, &c. 

Lacime frondis -4—8™™ late ; cell. interne 7-5, marginales 3,; bractee 
2 3; calyptra 2:0 x 0-4™™, 

Pusilla, rufescens vel rufo-viridis, prostrata intricata et substratificata. 
Frondes j—1-pollicares inequaliter bipinnatifidee-partita-ve, interdum 
ex p. dichotome, latiuscule, plano-convexe, hic illic, sub laciniarum 
apice preecipue, tomentum radicellosum proferentes. Caulis ubique 


546 ANEURA. 


fere alatus, inter pinnas cuneato-dilatatus, ad axin sub 5 cellulas 
erassus. Pinnee opposite—superiores raro subalternee—alize seepe 
inordinatim elongate; pinnule pauce, lineares, repandz, parum 
celluloso-crenulate, apice obcordate, costa utrinque limbo eidem 
equilato vel angustiore marginata. Cellule laciniarum coste internze 
1-2-strate, cujusque strati sub 6-serlate, magne, elongato-hexagone, 
seepius acute, cellulis superficialibus duplo angustioribus, subequi- 
lateris vel paulo elongatis, in tenui strato obtecte; ce. limbi sensim 
minores equilaterze, ipsee marginales multo minores subquadrate 
convexule; omnes cellule leptodermes pellucide. 

Flores dioici: 9 receptacula linearia brevia vel elongata (1:°2™™), limbo 
incurvo utrinque subduplice, in bracteas ad costam usque fisso, cir- 
cumdata; bractez exteriores 3 vel 4, lato-cuneatze crenatee, interiores 
alternantes breviores subincise, supreme tamen (calyptram stipantes) 
ad basin usque plurifide. Calyptra clavato-cylindrica incurva papil- 
losa, apice alte mammillata. 

Amenta ¢ pinnulis inferioribus constantia ; alveoli ad 10-12-jugi; limbus 
incurvus crenato-lobulatus. 


5. ANEURA PECTINATA, Spruce. 


Hab. per totam sylvam Amazonicam a fluminis ostiis ad Andium Peruvie 
radices (alt. 1200™) usque; necnon secus fluvium Negro ad ejus 
origines usque: intra fines Venezuele praecipue frequens. 

Pinnule 10-15 x 4-5 ; cellule limlt 3 )—)5 ; calyptra 3:0 x °5 ; capsula 
ox oom, 

Pusilla, viridis vel rufescens, cxespitosa. Frondes 4-1 poll. longze ascen- 
dentes, imbricate, bipinnatipartitee. Caulis basi rhizomatosus ramos- 
que breves radicantes edens, ibidem compresso-teres (cellulis 8:8, 
vel 12:8 in diametris), superne dilatatus et plus minus alatus, ad 
pinnarum basin cellulis 15 in diametro transverso, 5 vel 6 cellulas 
crassus (interdum ad 22 x 11 cell. usque), supra pinnas primas paulo 
angustior sequitur. Pinne breves opposite conferte, flabellatim 
divisee—quasi bis terve dichotome, vel subpinnate ; pinnule laci- 
nizve sub 8, contiguee, lineares repande, costa tenui 4 cellulas, 
utraque ala 5 cellulas latis. Cellule alares majuscule vix elongate 
pellucide ; costales interiores superficialibus multo majores, caulis 
inferioris autem superficiales parum excedentes. 

Flores monoici: utriusque sexus pinnulas inferiores abbreviatas sistentes. 
Pistillidia floris 2 sub 8-juga, involucro digitatim plurifido utrinque 
limbata. Calyptra majuscula, superne parum tuberculosa, apice 
crasse mammillata, medio 6 cellulas crassa. Capsula 4plo brevior, 
cylindrico-oblonga, rufa, leptodermis ; cellule elongate, lineari- 
rectangulares, interiores spira plus minus incompleta farctee. Elateres 
helice simplice lata constantes, folliculo cito dissoluto. Sporee sub- 
globose leves elateribus eequilatie. 

Andrecia linearia, brevia ; alveoli sub 8-jugi monandri, involucro angusto 
incurvo crenulato. 

Caulis interdum ipsa basi prostrata tenuior, compressus, ramulosque 
compressos edens; ubi autem assurgit crassior est, subteres et lignosus.— 
Pseudoneura Bogotensis Gotts. in Hep. Novo-Gran., stirps ut videretur 
Jonge robustior, in Andibus alt. circa 2000™ viget ; nostra autem in ipsa 
planitie abundat montesque nullibi alte ascendit. 


ANEURA. 547 


6, ANEURA TRICHOMANOIDES, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in sylva Canelos, ad truncos vetustos. 


Caulis ‘75™™ latus; costa 5x ‘2; pinne 3°0™™ longe ; pinnule 1:0-1'8 
x5; cellule 4—™™. 


Tenella pallide viridis subprostrata dense stratificata. Frondes 23-3 
longee, ambitu lineares, bipinnatipartite ; caulis alte biconvexus, 
medio 8 cellulas crassus, sectione lanceolata, late alatus, ala inter- 
rupta—quasi in folia bina inter duas pinnas consecutivas divisa— 
interdum margine muricato-spinulosa. Pinnulz subcontiguee line- 
ares lineari-lanceolatzve pellucide, costa medio 3-4 cellulas crassa, 
limbo utrinque coste subsequilatus, cellulis 7—-8-seriatis majusculis 
oblongo-hexagonis (ad angulum 60°-70° cum costa ordinatis) con- 
stante, margine eroso-crenulato superne apiceque serrulato. Pinne 
pinnuleeque opposite, hee plerumque simplices, raro furcate. 

Amenta ¢ piunula cujusque pinne infima superiore abbreviata con- 
stantia, utrinque limbo incurvo profunde laciniato (laciniis lanceo- 
lato-subulatis) involucrata; alveoli sub 6-jugi. 

Aneura fucoides Gottsche in Husnot Pl. Antill. no. 205 (1868) duplo 
major est, minus confertim ramosa, caule omnino exalato, laciniis, apice 
precipue, magis argute serrulatis. 


7. ANEURA CILIOLATA, Spruce. (Tab. XIX.) 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in monte Mulmul, ad terram inter muscos sub 
fruticum umbra. 


Caulis 15™™ latus, 0-4™™ crassus ; pinne 4:0" longe ; lacinie 15 x 0°5, 
earum limbus 1-125, cellule ay™™. 


Elata, laxe czespitosa e viridi fulva badiave. Frondes 10-12™ alte, 
erect, semel bisve dichotome, ramis fastigiatis bipinnatis. Caulis 
dimidio inferiore exalatus, superiore anguste alatus. ala interrupta, 
velut in folia linearia semilanceolatave ciliata incisa ; costa lata 
subplano-convexa (sectione lanceolata 4plo fere longiore quam lata); 
cellule cost pluristratz, stratorum 3 vel 4 externorum pachydermes, 
rufo-badiz, interne pallidz tenues, triplo longiores quam late, sub- 
inde, pariete utroque fine dissoluto, in tubulum elongatum con- 
fluentes. 

Pinne dissite, opposite vel superiores dislocate et alternz, breves, sub- 
equimagne pinnatipartite, ambitu deltoidee; pinnule sub 3. -jugee 
suboppositz, infimze iterum divisee; omnes pinnulze lacinizeve lato- 
lineares, costa prelata tenuiuscula (medio 6 cellulas crassa), limbo 
angusto ineequilato pellucido ciliolato, ciliis 1-3 cellulas longis, sur- 
sum vel varie directis. Cellule limbi majusculee, oblique directze 
(angulo 50°) subelongatz, rectangulari-hexagone rhombeeyve, lepto- 
dermes, fere vacue. 

Flores dioici: ¢ amenta pinnulis duabus oppositis (cujusque pinne 
plerumque infimis) constantia; loculi antheridiaque biseriata 3—4- 
paria; limbus incurvus margine setosus ciliolatusve. 


8. ANEURA PALLIDA, Spruce. 
Hab. in monte Chimborazo, ad arborum ramos. 
Pinne 60x °5; pinnule 25 x:25-4; ¢. limbi 35; cal 3:06; caps 1:25 


eae 


548 ANEURA. 


Elata tenuis pallide viridis czespitosa. Frondes 6™ longee, ambitu lato- 
lineares, erectee penduleve, in planum bipinnate; caulis plano- 
convexus, sectione semilanceolata, vel supra leniter convexulé, medio 
8 cellulas crassus, exalatus vel hic illic angustissime alatus ; pinne 
subdistantes oppositze, medio 6 cellulas crassee ; pinnulze 3-jugee sub- 
oppositee, erecto-patentes, simplices, raro furcatee, anguste lineares vel 
lineari-subulatee, peranguste alata, costa 4 cellulas crassa, alis 2-3 
cell. latis, 2-1 cell. crassis; cellule alares et supracostales mediocres 
subzequilateree pellucidee, costales longiores latioresque subopace. 

Fl. dioici: 9 ad spicam brevem (pinnulam pinnarum infimam contractam 
sistentem) biseriati, involucro angusto in lacinias subulatas filifor- 
mesve hamatas utrinque obtecti, pistillidiis ad 12—jugis. 

Calyptra pyriformi-clavata, carnosula, tuberculis papillisve perraris con- 
spersa, apice angustiusculo mammillata. Capsula plus duplo brevior 
elongato-ovalis. 


Aneura plumeformis duplo fere elatior, longe robustior, colore fusco, 
caule subtereti tripinnato, pinnis pinnulisque confertis late alatis diversa 
est. 


9. ANEURA PLUMAFORMIS, Spruce. 


Hab. In monte Abitagua terrestris: pl. ¢ sola. 

Pinne 12-15™™ longe; pinnule 10-20 x 65; ¢ ps 3 amenta 2:°0™, 

Elata erecta laxe ceespitosa, basi sola radicans, firma, olivacea. - Caules 4- 
pollicares, nigrescentes validi subteretes, inferne simplices bifidive 
dein plumeformi-tripinnati; pinnee primariz opposite, inferiores 
minores dissitee, medi et superiores subaequimagnee, ambitu ovato- 
triangulares vel late deltoidee, plane: convexuleeve, pinnas vicinas 
subimbricantes ; pinnule lacinuleve omnes subcontigue, lineares 
planiusculie, costa 5-6 cellulas lata, 3-4c. medio crassa, limbo utrin- 
que 4-6e. lato pellucido ; cellule limbi subsequilateree majusculee 
ad angulum sub 70° cum costa ordinate. 

Amenta ¢ pinnulis duabus infimis cujusque pinne secundarie plerumque 
constantia, ceteris pinnulis angustiora carinata, supra costam pro- 
funde alveolata, utrinque limbo suberecto flexuoso-reticulato repando 
marginata; alveolee biseriatee 9-10-juge, antheridium singulum 
foventes. 

10. ANEURA ANDINA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes orientales sylvaticos, alt. 300-1500, vix ad mediam regionem 
sylvaticam attingens, ad truncos putrescentes haud raro, locis fluv. 
Bombonasa, montibus Campana, Guayrapurina, &e. 

Caulis sectio 5 x°3; pinne 4:0™™ longe ; pinnule 1:5-2°5 x -4—5 ; cellule 
Fy-ps, ¢ marginales poz; 5 calyptra 2°5 x 55, 3-0 x 6m, 

Cespitosa virescens, siccando nigrescens. Caules 1-1} poll, longi, sub- 
erecti seepe decurvi, compresso-teretes (cellulis 12 x 12 in sectione), 
exalati, basi divisi et rhizomatosi, dein bi-tripinnati; pinns oppo- 
sitee breves anguste alata basi 16 x 8 cellulas in sectione, medio 4-6 
cellulas crassze; pinnulee omnes lineares retusse, medio 3-4c. crasse, 
costa 4c. lata, ala utrinque 4-5e. lata; cellule: alarum mediocres sub- 
oblongo-hexagone subpellucidee, marginales parvule, 

Flores dioici: 2 perseepe binati, oppositi (se. pinnulis cujusque pinne 
infimis abbreviatis constantes). Involucrum in flore fertili brevis- 
simum, in lacinias paucas subulatas filiformesve fissum. 


: ANEURA. 549 


Calyptra magna, pinnis dimidio longior, cylindrica vel subclavata, albida, 
papillis breviusculis scabra, inferne 4-5 cell. crassa. 

Amenta ¢ binata, opposita, linearia; alveoli 8-20-jugi, ala utrinque in- 
curvulo crenulato obtecti. 


Aneura papillata G. duplo major est, calyptra papillis preelongis 
obsita, &ec., altiusque in Andes Granatenses (2100-2700™) ascendit. 
Anne autem nostra ab A. bipinnata Sw. revera diversa ? 


11, ANEURA HYMENOPHYTOIDES, Spruce. 
Hab. in cortice vetusto ad montis Campana latera, alt. 1200™. 


Frondis lacinice 2°0 x 6; cellule d5—z5 3 calyptra 2°0 x 45; capsula ‘9x4; 
elateres *25™™, 


Humilis rufula ceespitosa, Frondes }-? pollicis long, basi longe rhizo- 
matose torte et ramose ; alii rami breves radicantes, alii assurgentes 
arcuato-decurvi apice palmatipartiti (revera confertim pinnati, 
pinnis solum 1-3-jugis, simplicibus vel infimis furcatis); lacinize 
omnes solum 4 ad 6, rarissime plures, lato-lineares repandee, apice 
rotundatz emarginatzeve, costa tenui limbo utrinque subzequilato vel 
paulo angustiore alaté. Cellulee rhizomatis compresso-teretis (sec- 
tione elliptica, cellulis 12 et 8 in diametris) parvule subequilate, 
nisi superficiales subangustiores ; laciniarum costales 1—2-(basi 3-) 
strate majuscule oblongo-hexagon sub 6-seriatz, alares 6-seriate 
vel pauciores, oblique hexagonze, a costa ad marginem sensim dimi- 
nutee, marginales parvule: omnes subpellucidee. 

Flores dioici: @ in ramis (pinnisve) infimis spicati; spice fertiles 
breves, steriles sepe elongati multiflori (pistillidiis ad 20-jugis usque, 
biseriatis brevi-cylindricis opacis). Involucrum limbo utrinque 
duplice, incurvo, lineari ad costam fere usque in lacinias plurimas 
subulatas seepeque hamatas fisso, constans. 

Calyptra clavata, haud valde carnosa, ubique papillis brevibus obsessa, 
apice crasse mammillata. Capsula duplo brevior (exserta haud visa) 
ovato-cylindrica; cellule bistratee lineares acute, pariete laterali 
columnis brevi-subulatis crebre obsesso. Elateres ™™ longi, utrinque 
valde attenuati, helice lata laxe torta, folliculo obsoleto. Spore 
minutee, helici vix zequilatee, leves. 

Andreecia linearia, limbo involucri suberecto crenato, alveolis 6-14- 
jugis. 

A. andina distincta videtur statura duplo majore; fronde bi-tripin- 
nata; florescentiis 9 haud polygynis, &. Nostra habitu Hymenophyti 

Jlabellate &e. insignis. 


12, ANEURA LEPIDOMITRA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in monte Guayrapata, alt. 2800™, ad truncos 
putrescentes. 


Pinne 3:0-45™™ longa; laciniew 1:2-2°5 x °2; cellule limbt jy-s 3 calyp- 
tra 3:0 x 1°0™™, 
Frondes siccando rufescentes, 3-4°™ long, erectee procumbentesve, 


tenelle stratificatee, ambitu lineares vel superne paulo latiores, 
plan, bipinnatze. Caulis, sive costa primaria, ab ipsa basi hic illic 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 3K 


550 ANEURA. 


subalata, sectione lanceolata, medio 6-7 cellulas crassa; pinnee oppo- 
sitee, dissitee vel superiores subimbricatee, ambitu deltoideo-ovatee, 
pinnatipartitee, laciniis utrinque 3-5, angulo 45° patulis, subconti- 
euis, linearibus retusis emarginatisve, infimis seepe bifidis, aliis apice 
attenuato incurvo gemmiparis, tenuicostatis (costa pinnarum 4-5e. 
lata, 4-5c. crassa, laciniarum 4c.—apicem versus solum 2c¢.—lata, 
1-8c. crassa), hmbo 4-5e. lato, margine late crenato erosove; cellule 
magne subequilateree subpellucidee. 

Flores dioici: 9 pinnulis pinnarum superiorum duabus infimis abbre- 
viatis constantis; involucrum seepius ad squamas 2 digitifidas redac- 
tum, raro squamis exterioribus auctum. Calyptra pinnis sterilibus 
ferme eequilonga, clavata, sat crassa, apice alte mammillata, facie 
papillis pecnon squamulis membranaceis (seepe bifidis) conspersa. 


Obs. In eodem cespite advenit forma luxurians ejusdem (?) speciei, 
pinnis duplo majoribus flabellato-bipinnatipartitis, saepius imbricatis, 
laciniis confertis. Caules validiores, medio 10c. crassi, sectione anguste 
ovali, inferne rarius subalati. Calyptra paulo minus papillosa.—A. papil- 
lata G. in Hep. Nov. Gran. differt statura elatiore, pinnulis laticostatis 
integerrimis; calyptra longissima, papillis preelongis (squamulis nullis) 
obsita.—A. andina 8. ab A. lepidomitra parum distat, nisi caule ubique 
exalato et papillis calyptrae nunquam in squamulas foliaceas transmu- 
tatis. 

13. ANEURA MACROSTACHYA, Spruce. 
Hab. in truncis emortuis ad S. Gabriel del Rio Negro: planta mascula 
sola. 

Ab Aneura amazonica, affini, distat statura plus duplo minore, colore 
viridi-olivaceo opaco ; caule inordinatim bipinnato, flexuoso, ramis seepe 
brevibus, limbo vix ullo nisi ad lacinias ultimas; cellulis chlorophyllosis, 
ad caulis axin 5-stratis, ad lacinias 3-4-stratis, costalibus duplo angusti- 
oribus (3}™™") quam A. amazonice ; andreeciis seepe preelongis (alveolis 
ad 17-jugis) recurvantibus. 


14. ANEURA CERVICORNIS, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in monte Tunguragua, ad truncos putrescentes ; 
Pichincha, ad scopulos humectatos. 


Pinne ad ™ longa, basi 38" late, 13™™ crasse; pinnule *15™™ late ; 
cellule 32-7), ; calyptra 3:0 x 0°7; elateres *3--4™™. 


25 

Cyespitosa olivacea rufulave rigidula, facie algoidea. Frondes 14-4°™ longe, 
basi decumbentes subdivisze (vix rhizomatosie) dein erecta et laxe- (vel 
plumiformi-) tripinnatze, fertiles humiles, steriles elatiores. Caulis ex- 
alatus, inferne nigrescens, compressulus vel subteres, sectione oblonga 
cellulis 7-14 in diametro; cellule corticales parvule subpellucidee 
parum elongatee; sequuntur strata duo cellularum longiorum dis- 
colorum; cellule autem axiales pluristratee majores pellucidee lineari- 
elongate, pro majore parte prosenchymaticee. Pinna pinnuleque 
opposite vel alternse plerumque decurvo-secundee, in sicco saepe apice 
circinate, anguste lineares biconvexe; illa ad costam solam (sectione 
lanceolata) medio 7-8 cellulas crassam redactze ; hae (pinnulve) seu- 
sim angustiores et tenuiores, medio 4-cell. crassee, exalatee vel superne 
limbo solum 1-2c. lato alate, repandulee; cellule superficiales 
minores subopaci, interiores majores longiores et pellucidee. 


METZGERIA. 551 


Flores dioici: 9 spicam perbrevem, limbo laciniato utrinque involucra- 
tam, pistillidia sub 8-juga foventem, sistentes. Calyptra magna 
clavata, prope basin 6 cellulas, apicem versus 1-2 cellulas,-crassa, 
tuberculata, desquamans. Capsula multo brevior, subcylindrico- 
oblonga, endothecii cellulis crebre columniferis. Pedicellus brevis, 
cellulis 16-seriatis (se. corticalibus 12-, axialibus 4-seriatis) constans. 
Elateres prelongi laxe unispiri, utroque fine capillacei. Spora 
minut, elateribus vix equilatie. 

Amenta ¢ pinnulis pinnaruin infimis abbreviatis constantia, alveolis 
biseriatis sub 8-jugis excavata, limbo incurvo acute plurilobulato 
involucrata. 

A. prehensilis Tayl.! (Caput Horn, Mook. fil.) statura habituque nostra 
similis, diversa est tota fronde anguste alata (nec exalata). pinnis longe 
brevioribus, laciniis ultimis autem multo latioribus.—A. alcicornis Tay]. 
(ex eodem locv) pinnis pinnulisque prelatis gaudet. 


XLI. METZGERIA, Raddi. 


in Act. Soc.. Sc. Modene (1820); Lindberg, ‘ Monographia Meiz- 
gerie’ in Act. Soc. pro F. et F. Fennica (1877). 

Plante molles, albicantes flavideeve, rarius virides, prostrate, stra- 
tificatee vel in muscis laxe reptantes. Frondes lincares, dichotome, 
rarissime pinnatim divise, ramis autem floriferis posticis; radicellas 
pili-vel ciliiformes, solitarias vel 2—5-nas, subter costam necnon ad 
margines—interdum e tota facie infera, rarissime etiam e supera 
proferentes, vix unquam ubique nude. Costu bene definita, raro 
teres, plerumque compressula, sectione ovali, 4-11 cellulas in dia- 
metro breviore; cellule corticales majores et pellucidz, interiores 


" angustz acute subopace. Pagina, s. ala coste utrinque cellulas 


10-25 lata, unistrata, laxe texta, pellucida, seepe decurva, subinde 
undulata. ores dioici, rarissime monoici. IJnvolucra ? (s. bractez) 
ramum posticum abbreviatum, emarginatum obcordatumve, interdum 
ad annulum calyptre basin amplectentem redactum, sistentia, Pist- 
ulidia pauca, 2—5-juga, involucri costule distiche insidentia, brevia, 
astyla, sterilia. ad calyptre basin persistentia, Percanthiwm nullum. 
Calyptra clavata pyriformisve, carnosa, tota superficie, vel saltem 
dimidio supero, radicellis plus minus pilosa villosave. Capsula 
brevipedicellata, ovalis, ad basin usque quadrivalvis, bistrata; cel- 
lulz exteriores columnis rufis hic illic fulcite, interiores fibris annu- 
laribus omnino fere carentes. /ateres sat longi, utrinque capillacei, 
helice compressa arcte convoluta impleti, plerique cito decidui; alii 
autem (elaterophor?) capsule apici adfixi, breves, claviformes, fibras 
semiannulares includentes, inter se colligati, capsula dehiscente in 
cohortes 4 divisi, porrecti, cum elateribus nonnullis perfectis intri- 


552 METZGERIA. 


cati in valvularum apice diutius persistentes. Spore minute sub- 
levissime. Jnvolucra ¢ feemineis simillima, in formam globosam 
convoluta; antheridia sub 4-juga, globosa, stipite perbrevi cellulam 
unicam cylindricam sistente suffulta, in involucri costule utroque 
margine inserta. Propagula disciformia, unistrata, lis Lejeunee, 
Radule, Anthocerotis, &c. simillima, ambitu autem pro more radi- 
cellis fimbriata, 

Hab. et Distr. Locis umbrosis ad arbores saxaque, in terris tem- 
peratis sat frequentes, in calidis et frigidis rariores. In Andibus 
sylvaticis 8 species legi, quarum una (unica Amazonica!) etiam in 
planitiem descendit. In insulis Britannicis 4 species, primum a cl. 
Lindberg in opere supra citato bene definite, inveniuntur. 


§ 1. Pinnate. 


1. M. filicina. Frondes regulariter pinnatee vel bipinnatz, pallide pel- 
lucidee, costa valida, radicellis marginalibus solitariis alicubi perraris. 
Calyptra clavata setis (radicellis) longis sparsis armata. 

§ 2. Dichotome. 
A. Radicelle marginales 4-5ne. 


2. M. polytricha. Frondes acute dichotome tenuicostate, tota facie in- 
feriore radicellis hamatis setose. 
B. Radicelle marginales plerumque bine. 
a. Pagina inferior tota radicellosa. 
3. M. bracteata. Frondes acute dichotome, prelate, tennicostatee, 


undulato-crispee, subtus radicellis dense villosee. Calyptra clavato- 
pyriformis densissime setoso-hirta. 

4. M. fruticola. Frondes subacute dichotome, valide costate, utroque 
margine decurvo, subtus setis longis crebris villosze. 

5. M. leptomitra. Frondes angulo recto dichotome, margine decurvo 
radicellis binis brevibus minute ciliato, subtus ad paginam sparse, 
ad costam densius setulosee. Calyptra breviuscula, clavato-oblonga, 
subleptodermis, dense setosa, 

6. M. rufula. Frondes recte dichotome, furcis brevibus, planiuscule, 
tenuicostate, subtus ad paginam sparse, ad costam densius et longius 

pilose. 


b. Frondes subtus solum ad costam pilose, ad paginam calve. 


. M. leptoneura. Frondes acute dichotome, margine subrevoluto erebre 
longe ciliato, subtus preeter ad costam pertenuem setosam glabra. 

8. M. claveflora. Frondes peracute dichotome, ad marginem decurvulum 

et subter costa valida setosee, ceeterum glabree. Calyptra praelonge 

clavata, dimidio infero subnuda, supero crebre longisetosa. 


1. MerzcERIA FILICINA, Mitt. in Pl. Jameson. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in sylvis humidis, ad arborum et fruticum ramnu- 
los, frequens, locis Azuay, Tunguragua, &c., alt. 2000-3500™, 


METZGERIA. 553 


Frondis lat. 1:12, limbi utr. °5, costee 125; c 3k; br °8x°5; cal 1:5 x °75; 
= b) ? , 25 
caps °75 x ‘5; elat ‘3-47, 


Frondes 2-3-pollicares, pallide flavo-virides, basi tenui in vimine brevi- 
ter repentes, dein a matrice libere, horizontaliter patentes, substrati- 
ficatze, ambitu triangulares, pinnatipartite, pinnis ad angulum 
70°-80° patentibus, interdum apice subhamatis, raro subpinnulatis ; 
costa (ubique alata) valida, sectione elliptica, cellulis majusculis, axi- 
alibus pluriseriatis chlorophyllosis, cortivalibus fere vacuis cum limbi 
cellulis continuis et equimaquis; limbus unistratus pellucidus, uter- 
que cellulis(20 vel paucioribus in latitudine) majusculis subsequilateris 
convexulis leptodermibus conflatus. Radicellw longiuscule solitarize 
subter costam primariam raro adsunt, pinnarum autem hic illic sat co- 
piosw, necnon ad frondis margines; sub apice prehensili crebriores. 

Flores dioici: 2 postici, plerumque sub pinnarum axilla, rarius e medio 
inter duos ramos consecutivos, orti. Bractea reniformi-annularis 
convolutiva (calyptre basin demum amplectens) utroque margine 
ciliata, medio apice nuda. Subinde adjecta est bractea exterior, 
minor, longe angustior, simili modo ciliata. Pvstillidia pauca 
brevia. 

Calyptra assurgens anguste pyriformis vel clavata, sparsim longisetosa, 
valida, basi angusta 8 cellulas, apice 4 cell. crassa, superne papuloso- 
scaberula vel sublievis, apice demum irregulariter rupta. Capsula 
in pedicello brevi majuscula, badia, ovalis, ad basin usgue in valvu- 
las 4 lanceolatas subinquilatas patentes fissa. Hlateres plurimi 
elongati tenues monospiri, sub valvularum apice inter elaterophoros 
diu persistentes et in penicillum porrecti. Spor parvulz. 

Andrecia in planta diversa, subter costam hic illic sparsa, solitaria, bina 
ternave ; bractea (sive involucrum) obovato-ligulata (margine sub- 
lobata) in globi formam involuta convolutaque, membranacea, tener- 
rima, tenuicostata. Antheridia sub 4 paria, involucri costa utrinque 
insidentia, globosa, brevissime pedicellata. 

Var. bipinnata. Elatior, fronde late triangulari arcte bipinnata.—In 
monte Tunguragua. 


In hae ceeterisque formis frons primum inferne bi-trifida seepe videtur, 
divisionibus pinnatim ramosis. Calyptra interdum apice subequaliter 
5-loba. 


2. MrrzGERIA POLYTRICHA, Spruce. 
Hab. Andes Peruvianos, in M. Campana, ad saxa. 
Frondis lat. 2°3; costa 1; cell 3; setw *15—-2™™, 
Fulva, dense stratificato-ceespitosa. Frondes 14-pollicares, parce dicho- 


tome, angulo acuto (50°), latiuscule, margine parum decurvo pagi- 
naque tota inferiore setoso-pilose, setis cellulis 3-4plo longioribus, 
marginalibus 4-5-nis incurvo-hamatis, ceteris incurvis flexuosisve 
raro erectis, ad costam densis intricatis, ad paginam sparsioribus ; 
costa angusta, sectione quadrata, supra cellulis 2-seriatis magnis pel- 
lucidis operta; paginze cellulee majusculee eequilatere. 

M. myriapoda Lindberg. Monogr. (1877) frondem habet ob alas valde 
reflexas fere teretem; setas in frondis margine 3—6-nas strictas, in pagina 
foliacea vix ullas; costam multo validiorem; itaque distinctissima 
videretur. 


3. METZGERIA BRACTEATA, Spruce. 
Hab. Tunguragua, ad arborum truncos. 


554 METZGERIA. 


Frondis lat. 3:0; furce long. 8°0; ¢ ss—gh; sete *15—-25™™. 

Pallida, siccando fulva fuscidulave, ciespitoso-stratificata. Frondes 
14-pollicares, intricate, acute dichotome, costa tenui subterete per- 
currente, limbo preelato hie illic decurvo-sinuato-constrictove, unde 
frondes undulato-crispe evadunt, supra glabree, subtus tota super- 
ficie dense setoso-villosie, setis pagine cellulis 4-6plo longioribus, 
rectis incurvis: flexuosisve marginalibus 1-2-(raro 3-)nis; cellule 
majuscule subeequilateree subincrassatie fere vacuze. 

Fleres dioici: 9 crebri. Bractea magna incurvo-concava late oblonga, 
apice obcordata—haud raro in frondulam dichotome fissam elongata 
—fere constanter basi utrinque 4—5-laciniata-lobulatave, extus mar- 
gineque setosa. Pistillidia brevia, 3-vel 4-paria. 

Calyptra clavato-pyriformis, longitudine =caulis lat., densissime setoso- 
hirta, incrassata, basi 8-cell., medio 4—5c., crassa, demum seepe infra 
apicem circumscissa. Czetera haud visa. 

Forsan M. Liebmanniane Lind. et G. Syn. Hep. 505, proxima; cl. 
auctores autem speciem suam describunt subtus setulis brevibus pubes- 
cens, (dum in nostra facies postica, setis longis crebris obsessa, potius 
villosa dicenda,) setisque marginalibus solitariis (in nostra plerumque 
binis). 

Obs. The “bract” being cloven at the base, into 4 or 5 rudimentary 
lobules on each side, is the initial step of the wing (cr limb) breaking up 
into distinct leaves. 


4, METZGERIA FRUTICOLA, Spruce. 

Hab. Andes Quitenses, in monte Tunguragua, ad fruticum ramos. 

Fr, lat 2°0; cell }3™™. 

Viridis, prostrata stratificata intricataque. Frondes 3—4-pollicares itera- 
tim (sub quinquies) dichotomee angulo subacuto. (70°-80°); costa 
valida subteres, supra cellulis 4-seriatis operta, subtus setis crebris 
sat longis villosa; limbus utrinque millimetrum latus decurvus, e 
cellulis sat magnis prominulis subpapulosus, apicibus latiusculis 
retusis, margine setosus, setis binatis cellulis 2-4plo longioribus. 

Flores dioici: Q@ subter costam sparsi; bractea annularis, antice tamen 
biloba, costata, extus tota setosa. 

A. M. claveflora certe diversa fronde magis divisa, costa subtus villosa, 
cellulis majoribus convexis; bracteis tota facie inferiore setosa. 


5. MEvZGERIA LEPTOMITRA, Spruce. 

Hab. In Andibus Peruvianis et Quitensibus, alt. 500-2500™., se. ad Tara- 
poto, in montibus Campana, Tunguragua, &e.; necnon in planitie ad 
fl. Negro cataractas ; ad arborum ramos, rarius ad saxa. 

Fr. lat 1°5-2°0; cell py; cilia -1; cal 8 x 35™™, 

Viridis tenuis tenera prostrata substratificata. Frondes2-pollicares lineares, 
iteratim dichotome, angulo fere recto, furcis 10™ longis,—aliis 
autem perbrevibus, aliis subelongatis—latiusculee, margine decurvo 
minute setuloso-ciliate, ciliis binatis rectis brevibus, raro cellulis 
paginee duplo longioribus, subtus tota facie—ad paginam sparse, ad 
costam densius—setulose; cellulae majusculee parum elongate ; costa 
mediocris compressula supra ¢c, 2 operta. 


—_— 


METZGERIA. 555 


Flores dioici: Q sparsi, sepe e dichotomiis. Bractea ad squamulam 
parvam obcordato-reniformem ciliatam extus setosam redacta. 

Calyptra breviuscula, frondis dimidiam latitudinem vix superans, clavato- 
oblonga, tota dense setosa, setis longiusculis, tenuior quam in ceteris 
congeneribus, basin versus 3 cellulas, superne solum 1-—2c. crassa. 
Capsula globosa. 

Plantula sat variabilis, sequentes autem varietates probabiliter melius pro 
speciebus habenda. 

Var. brevifurca, pallida fulvave, zequaliter dichotoma, solum 1'1™™ lata, 
subtus preter ad costam perpaulo setosa. Furee 3°5™™ longe, 
valde convexie, utrinque sensim lateque decurvee, setis marginalibus 
2-3natis, cellulis subminoribus (,4™"). Calvptra longior, 1-5™™, 
pyriformis.—In M. Campana, ad saxa. 

Var. longifurca, viridis, furcis 10-22™™ longis, margine recurvo setis bina- 
tis armata, subtus nisi ad costam (fere villosam) subnuda; costa 
validior subteres intus cellulis perangustis sub 4-stratis conflata. 
Calyptra 1°3 x 65™™, obovato-pyriformis.—In M. Tunguragua (R. 8.), 
etiam ad fl. Sabanilla prope Loja (G. E. Masser). 

Var. angustifrons, viridis iteratim dichotoma, angusta (furcis 4-7 x 1:0™™), 
margine decurvulo setis binatis brevibus (raro solitarius) armata, tota 
facie inferiore setis sublongioribus—ad paginam plus minus sparse, 
ad costam dense—pilosula; cellule ;4—7™ subplanz; costa sat 
valida, teres, supra cellulis biseriatis velata, subtus alte rotundata, 
intus cellulis angustis 3-stratis conflata.—Tarapoto. 


6. METZGERIA RUFULA, Spruce. 


Hab. In M. Tunguragua, ad ramos. 

Frons 1°4—2:0-2°5™™ lata; cell. gy-yg™”. 

Pallide rufula stratificata. Frondes 1-2-pollicares eequaliter dichotome, 
furcis seepe brevibus 2-7™™ longis, latiuscule fere plans, utrinque 
parum devexe, undulatie, setis marginalibus 1—2-natis cellulis 3-5plo 
longioribus flexuosis; subtus ad paginam setis sparsis pilosulze, ad 
costam densius et longiuscule pilose; cellule majuscule parum 
elongate ; costa tenuiscula, compresso-teres, utraque facie c. 2—3-seri- 
atis operta. 

Flores dioici. Bractea Q longiciliata facie nuda. 


7. METZGERIA LEPTONEURA, Spruce. 


Hab. In M. Campana Andium Peruvize ad saxa. 

Fr. lat 15; cell 3; cilia -3™™. 

Fulvo-viridis, prostrata ascendensve, stratificata, Frondes 1~-2-pollicares 
lineares angustiuscul, iteratim dichotome, angulo acuto (40°-60°), 
furcis mediis 8™™ longis, toto margine tam valide recurvo revolutove 
ut duplo angustiores viderentur, ubique fere quilate, margine 
crebre longe setoso-ciliate, ciliis (=5 cell.) binis divergentibus, 
subtus preeter ad costam setosam glabra; cellule majuscule equi- 
laterze leptodermes, fere vacuee, papuloso-prominule ; costa supra 
subtusque 2 cell. lata, tenuis, compressa, axi cellulis solum 2-3- 
seriatis angustis constante. 

Flores dioici: 9 bractea brevis annularis, v. longior, emarginato-biloba, 
margine costaque setulosa, © Pistillidia 5-juga. 


~~ 


556 METZGERIA. 


M. hamata Lindberg, huic affinis, distat fronde latiore, et praecipue 
costa longe validiore cellulis axialibus sub 20-seriatis constante.* 


8. METZGERIA CLAVEFLORA, Spruce. 


Hab. In M. Azuay, ad arborum ramulos. 

Fr. lat 1°6 ; costa *15--25 ; cell ay; cal 1°6x°125-"15 ; sete cal 1-0; caps 
oH fp aise ti ee 

Pallide viridis flaccida pendula. Frondes 3-5-pollicares parce dichotome, 
angulo acuto (45°), furcis elongatis (ad 12™™) angustiuscule, margine 
decurvulo costaque subtus setosee, setis marginalibus binatis medio- 
cribus (cellulis paginze 4plo longioribus) ; costa lata compressa, supra 
cellulis corticalibus 4-seriatis operta, sectione ovali (altero diametro 
duplo majore), cellulis perangustis 5-stratis conflata ; cellule pagine 
majuscule subelongate leptodermes. 

Flores dioici. Bractea ad squamulam annuliformem longiciliatam redacta. 
Calyptra preelonga (=frondis lat.) clavata, carnosa dimidio inferiore 
cylindrica stipitiformis subnuda, superiore ovalis setis erebris pree- 
longis, apicalibus erectis, caeteris divergentibus, horrida. Capsula 
plus duplo brevior ovalis. 

Var. viscida. In sylva Canelos, ad saxa arboresque. Viridissima sub- 
viscida, subtus ad paginam hic illic puberula, setis crispulis. Calyptra 
preelonga, anguste clavata. 

Var. latifrons. Canelos, ad saxa irrigua, locis Antombos et ad fl. Bombonasa. 
Frondes duplo fere latiores (2°5-3:0™™), ad margines costamque subtus 
brevi-setulos ; costa etc. qualia in typo. 

Var. latissima. Pichincha, in scopulis humectatis. Frondes ad 4™™ late 
anguste dichotome, subtus hie illic pilosule, margine decurvo setis 
(cellulis 3-4plo longioribus) binatis ciliate ; cellule interdum duplo 
longiores quam latze ; costa preelata, supra cell. 4-5 velata, sectione 
anguste ovali, cellulis perangustis pluristratis conflata. (? Anne sp. 
propria: M. hygrophila Spruce.) 


Subordo Il. MARCHANTIACE/%. 


Vegetatio frondosa, prostrata. Frondes cellulis pauci-pluristratis 
conflate, late et indistincte costate, supra venoso-areolate, areolis 
pro more medio uniporosis, strato hypoporo cavernoso ; subtus radi- 
cellis prelongis fuscis, bifariam patulis, appressis plus minus villose, 
sepissime etiam paleis (foliolis) coloratis seriatis ornate, dichotome, 


* Species M. leptonewre proxima est M. atrichonewra Spruce, cujus descriptio 
hic sequitur. 

Fr, lat 1‘1; cell pg; cilia *15-"25™™. 

Pusilla sordide albicans tenera, laxe alte stratificata. Frondes pollicares, 
lineares, iteratim dichotomex (angulo 60°), margine valde recurvo fere 
reyoluto setis binatis (cellulis sub 5plo longioribus) cum contrariis decus- 
satis, ciliato; cellule minuscule squilateree valde papuloso-prominule ; 
costa pertenuis utraque facie cellulis biseriatis operta, subtus eadem ac 
pagina omnino nuda.—Bractea Q obcordato-reniformis tenuissima pellu- 
cido-reticulata longiciliata faciebus nuda.  Pistillidia pauca, 2-3paria, 
crassa. 

Hal. Nova Zelandia, super muscos repens. 


MARCHANTIACE. 557 


raro subsimplices, in aliis speciebus ramulos (frondulas) posticos 
proferentes. Utplurimum accedunt ductuli hydragogi, longissimi, 
radicellis vix crassiores, pariete nodulis internis hic illic fulcito, 
fasciculati, in canali longitudinali subter costam inclusi, deinde per 
pedunculi canaliculos ad capitulum usque protracti; alii autem cum 
radicellis mixti utrinque e costa patentes. Flores dioici, rarius 
monoici: ? e frondis apice vel e facie antica orti, in capituli vel 
pileoli formam aggregati. Capitula plerumque pedunculo valido 
cum frondis costa coutinuo suffulta, orbiculata, hemispherica, vel 
conoidea, raro integra, plerumque lobata vel profunde radiatim fissa, 
subtus plerumque paleis angustis barbata, intus locellata, locellis 
deorsum apertis. Jnvolucrum cujusque locelli bivalve, uni-pluri- 
florum, vel nullum. Perianthium deorsum oblique spectans, mem- 
branaceum, regulariter fissum, raro nullum. P%stillidia 2-12, 
biseriata. Calyptra tenuis, apice fissa, seepe basi sola persistens. 
Capsula brevi-pedicellata vel subsessilis, globosa, unistrata, cireum- 
scissa vel vertice 4—8-fida, raro regulariter 4-valvis. Hlateres 2—5- 
spiti, rarissime l-spiri, decidui. Spore szpe majuscule, sub- 
tetraedra, plerumque asperule. Andrecia vel peltata pedunculata, 
vel discoidea sessilia (subimmersa), raro costam marginantia ; anthe- 
ridia immersa, in alveolis solitaria, facie capituli frondisve supera 
poris dehiscentia, ovata vel lageniformia, lactescentia. Sceyphi gem- 
mipart obconici vel semilunati in aliis generibus adveniunt. 


CoNSPECTUS GENERUM MARCHANTIACEARUM. 
§$ 1. Involucra et perianthia semper presentia. 


42. MarcHanTiA. Paleze hypogyne utrinque 2-5-seriate. Pedunculi 
bi-tri-canaliculati. Capitula pluri-(5-11-)loba, radiata. Involucra 
2-5-flora. Perianthia apice 3-5-fida. Capsula stipitata, cellulis 
annulatis conflata, apice 4-8-laciniata. Andreecia alte pedunculata. 

43. FIMBRIARIA. Palez hypogynz 1-2-seriatee. Pedunculi 1-canalicu- 
lati. Capitula sub 4-loba. Involucra uniflora. Perianthium apice 
ipso diutius clausum, rimis autem lateralibus sub 8 (4-16) dehiscens. 
Capsula subsessilis, circumscissa, cellulis exannulatis. Andreecia 
sessilia. 

§ 2. Pertanthium nullum. 


44. DumMorTIERA. Frons tenuis subeporosa, epaleacea, strato hypoporo 
nullo. Pedunculi terminales elongati bicanaliculati. Capitula orbi- 
culata 2-8-fida, seepe setis hirta. Involucra uniflora, apice bilabiata. 
Calyptra persistens. ‘Capsula stipitata, profunde 4--8-fida. Andreecia 
brevipedunculata. 

45, Arronia. Frons carnosula, aliquando postice ramosa, subtus pale- 
acea, strato hypoporo presente, poris autem minutissimis. Pedun- 
culi frondis facie supera insidentes, solidi. Capitula parvula, ad 
centrum usque fissa, 1-4-loba. Involucra rima subverticali ab ipsa 


Or 


58 MARCHANTIACE, 


Y 


basi bivalvia. Calyptra decidua. Capsula subsessilis, cireumscissa 
vel apice dentibus dehiscens, cellulis exannulatis conflata. Andreecia 
immersa. 

§ 3. Involucrum et perianthium omnino nulla. 


46. Cievea. Frons tenerrima, distincte reticulata porosaque. Pedun- 
culus solidus. Capsula cellulis fibra spirali vel annulari impletis 
conflata. Antheridia in coste marginibus seriata. 


XLII. MARCHANTIA, March. fil. 
In Mém. Acad. Paris. (1713); Micheli Gen. (1729); Linn. &e. 


Frondes carnose, raro membranace, semper opace, seepe prelate, 
apice emarginate vel dichotome, ramis posticis nullis; supra reticu- 
late poroseeque, strato hypoporo presente; subtus paleis utrinque 
2_5-seriatis radicellisque vestite. Flores dioici terminales. Pedun- 
culi elongati, bi-(rarissime 3-)canaliculati. Capitula plus minus 
convexa, radiatim plurifida, raro subintegra, supra calva, subtus pro 
more paleis angustis barbata. Involucra pluri (2-5-)flora. Perianthia 
apice 3-5 fida. Capsula pedicellata, cellulis annulatis conflata, apice 
4-8-fida, laciniis plerumque revolutis, vel irregulariter dehiscens. 
Elateres 2-3-(rarissime 1-)spiri, Sporce mediocres—minute. An- 
drecia peltata, alte pedunculata. Seypht gemmipari obconici, ore 
plerumque incisi. 

Hub, et Distr. Species generis cosmopolitani omnes terrestres, in 
uliginosis, saxosis preecipue, et carbonariis habitant. In An- 
dium media regione, in terra vulcanica exusta ad fissurarum 
latera et in paludibus thermalibus, semper fere Funaria calve- 
scente consociatee, valde abundant: paucas species tamen in- 
venire potui. In montium radicibus unica (MZ. subandina n. 
sp.), in planitie Amazonica nulla, mihi obvia fuit. 


1. M. plicata? Frondes maxime subplanz tenues, supra minute et indis- 
tincte reticulatee poroseeque, paleis hypogenis utrinque 4—5-seri- 
atis. Pedunculus bicanaliculatus. Capitulum 9-11-radiatum, radiis 
linearibus. Involucri sub 5-flori valvulee margine bis laciniate. 
Perianthia 3-loba. Elateres 2—3-spiri. Capitula @ maxima, mar- 
gine ad } lobata. 

2. M. polymorpha. <A priore differt fronde humiliore, crasse carnosa, 
supra distincte reticulata et grandiporosa, subtus paleis paucioribus 
Jatioribus stipata; involucris triplo minoribus ; capitulis ¢ minori- 
bus spe margine subintegris. 

3. M. subandina. Fr. pusillee angustee tenuicule iteratim dichotome, 
reticulate: poroseque, paleis utrinque biseriatis oblique oblongis ex 
apice lato appendiculatis serrato-denticulatis. Pedune. tricanalicu- 
Jatus. Capit. parvulum convexulum profunde 9-radiatum, radiis 


MARCHANTIA,. 559 


lineari-cuneatis emarginatis. Invol. triflora, marginibus repanda. 
Per. 5-fida. Elateres l-spiri. Capit. ¢ ad centrum fere usque sub 
6-partita. 

4. M. chenopoda. Fr. humiliuscule dichotome, insigniter reticulate 
grandiporose, paleis utrinque biseriatis cuneato-rotundis appendiculo 
acuminato spinoso auctis. Pedune. bicanaliculatus. Capit. alte 
convexum integrum vel brevissime 4—5-lobum. Invol. 2-3-flora, 
marginibus ciliata. Per. 5-fida. Capit. ¢ 5-partita. 


1. MarcHantiA pricata, N. et Mont? 


Syn. Hep. 538.—M. vuleanica nob, in mst. 


Hab. per Andes Quitenses, alt. 1300-8000™ frequens, in montibus vul- 
eanicis Pichincha, Tunguragua et Carguairazo, preecipue, ubi ad 
hiatus terree profundos, swnjas dictos, in latis plagis viget. 

Pedunculus 40-60™"; capitulc 2 diam. 10; catervula involucrorum 
8x 5™™, valvule 65x30; per 23x13; call5x10; caps 70x10; 
elat -5™™. 

Frondes maxime, 10-12™ longee, 24-23 latze, in latas plagas arcte imbri- 
cate matricique adherentes, lato-lineares, semel bisve furcatee (angulo 
peracuto), apicibus profunde emarginatis, e viridi flavidee, tenues, 
tener ; supra subplane, minute indistincte tesselate, poris parvis 
parum distinctis, cellulis bistratis mediocribus (cavernis interpositis 
vix ullis) ipso margine solum unistratis; subtus radicellis fulvis 
longissimis e costa tenuiuscula oriundis villosee, necnon paleis albidis 
quasi-lamellosee. Paleze ad lineas e costa utrinque oriundas, sursum 
arcuatas, subparallelas, sat dissitas autem, seriatim dispositee, nempe 
4 vel 5 ad quemque lineam, imbricaté, perangustz, basi longissime 
decurrentes, apice libero ligulate obtuse. 

Flores dioici: 2 terminales. Pedunculus cum costa continuus, prelongus, 
bicanaliculatus, tota longitudine ramentis tenuibus subpilosus, vel 
nudus, basi ipsa tamen bracteis (paleis) paucis orbiculatis reniformi- 
busve tenuibus concavis stipatus. Capitulum symmetricum vel sub- 
excentricum, viride, profunde fissum, radiis 9-11 lineari-teretibus patu- 
lis decurvulis. Involucra tot quot radii (lobive), in molem grandem 
subglobosam conglomerata, bivalvia, multiflora, paleolis paucis pal- 
lidis subulatis stipata vel subealva; valvulz longe super pedunculum 
decurrentes, semiovales tenues plicatulee, hic illic striolis eoloratis 
punctate, margine lobulate, lobulis profunde laciniatis, laciniis 
tenuibus incurvis. 

Perianthia sub 5 cujusque involucri fertilia, subtransversa, obovato-ovalia 
3-loba, lobis brevibus subobtusis, pellucida albida. Calyptra dimidio 
brevior, ovali-globosa, tenuissima, infra apicem dehiscens. Capsula 
latitudine calyptree, globosa viridis fragilis apice irregulariter dehis- 
cens, cellulis unistratis elongatis, fibris annularibus impletis, con- 
stans. lateres prelongi utrinque attenuati bi-trispiri. Spore 
minute, elateribus haud latiores, globose leeves. 

Plante ¢ cum femineis mixte. Capitula longipedunculata maxima 
disciformia, ad 4 solum 9-11-lobata, radiis medio turgidis, lobis mar- 
gine apiceque tenuibus, subplanis decurvulisve. Paleze hypogens ad 
radiorum costam utrinque 2—4-seriate, arcte imbricate, ligulato- 
oblong rotundatz vel eroso-truncate, tennissime, sparsim punctate, 
subinde ductulis laxe venosee. Loculi lageniformes, apice tubulares. 
Antheridia longe ovata, acuta. 


560 MARCHANTIA., 


Scyphi obconici alte emersi, margine grosse serrati, extus minute papil- 
losi puberulive; solum in pl. ¢ visi. 


Eandem speciem, pedunculo longiore brevioreve ludentem, in plurimis 
lovis Andium Quitensium legi: sc. Lezto, ditione Ambatensi, in palude, 
cum fr.; ad cataractee Agoydn rupes, pl. ¢; altera forma in ejusdem 
fluvii Pastasa ripis, brevipedunculata, frondibus subtus insiyniter crebri- 
usque lamellosis; altera in rupibus ad fzo Verde fl. Pastasa affluentem, 
cum fructu. 


Obs. Capilliform dotted ducts (of the same calibre as the radicles, 
which are not dotted) stretch in fascicles, simulating veins, from the mid- 
rib on each side to the margin, parallel to the arcuate rows of lamelle 
and usually alternating with them; others not fascicled spread like 
venules in the interspaces. The frond is spotted beneath with numerous 
green dots, and from these the ducts seem to originate; as they certainly 
do in the scales of the male capitula, where they arise from submarginal 
dots and tend downwards, to the base of the scale. 

As I have seen no specimen of M. plicata, and only the barren plant 
is briefly described in ‘Synopsis Hepaticarum,’ I cannot be sure of its 
identity with my plant. If, however, it is really the same, then the name 
is not a happy one, for the fronds are only apparently (not really) plicate 
beneath, from the rows of paleze, running obliquely from the midrib on 
each side to the margin, projecting in ridges when dry. M. plicata is 
said to have the frond “subtus pilosula .... margine cartilagineo- 
denticulata,” in neither of which characters does it accord with my plant. 
M. lamellosa Hp. et G. agrees with it in the 1l-radiate calyptra, but 
differs essentialty in the ‘fronde crassiuscula canaliculata . . . . squamis 
marginalibus ovato-rotundis . . . pedunculo nudo.” 


2. MARCHANTIA POLYMORPHA, Linn. Sp. Pl. II. 1603. 


Hab. in palude thermali ad pedem montis Tunguragua; etiam per 
Andes Quitenses in terra volcanica (exusta) preecipue, seepe Funaria 
hygrometrica consociata, haud infrequens. 


Frons ad 10™™ lata; ped 20; capit 10; wmvol 1:5 x 2:0™™, 


Frondes 2-3°™ longi, dichotomi, lineares vel oblong, media costa 16 
cellulas, pagina juxta costam 8c., margine 4c. crassa, supra sub- 
elongato-areolatie, areolis pallide, interstitiis saturate viridibus, poris 
magnis albido-marginatis; subtus radicellosse et paleaceee ad M. 
plicate instar, paleis autem paucioribus et latioribus. 

Pedunculi paleis filiformibus flexuosis plus minus pilosi. Capitula pro- 
funde 10-radiata, radiis decurvis involucra brevia longe transeunti- 
bus. Valvulee involucrorum latiores quam long, margine profunde 
laciniate, laciniis rufis subulato-acuminatis laciniolatis. Pistillidia 
in involucri fundo conferta, ad rhachin brevem disticha, sub 6 paria, 
basi brevi globosa, stylo longo tenui terminata, paleolis (bracteis) 
paucis parvis multipartitis circumdata. Czetera deerant. 

Seyphuli medio lobo solitarii, majusculi, infundibulati, limbo lato patulo 
profunde crenato-serrato, crenulis apiculatis subspinulosis, extus 
puberuli. 


A stirpe vulgari Europea haud omnino distinguenda. 


MARCHANTIA. 561 


3. MARCHANTIA SUBANDINA, Spruce. 


Hab. In Andium Peruvianorum radicibus, juxta fl. Huallaga cataractas, 
in solo nigro tenaci, ubi sub graminum umbra plagas latas format. 


Pedunculus 20-30; capituli diametros 3-4; pedicelli 15; perranthia 1:0; 
capsule 0°5-0'7 ; elateres O°5™, 


Pusilla, luride viridis, apice purpurascens, prostrata substratificata. 
Frondes 4°™ longze, 2-3™™ late, lineares, subplane, iteratim ime- 
qualiter dichotome, apicibus subemarginatis, tenuiculie, supra elon- 
gato-areolat stomatophore, subtus medio pallida, margines versus 
colorate. Costa tenuis, subtus canali, fasciculum vasculorum crassum 
obtegente, percursa. Paleze hypophylle utrinque Liseriate, rose, 
tenuissime, late oblique subfalcato-oblonge, ex apice rotundato 

appendiculate, margine serrato-denticulatee. 

Flores dioici et monoici: Q terminales. Pedunculus elongatus striatus, 
ramentis paucis angustis, basalibus sublatioribus, obsessus, 3-canali- 
culatus. Capitulum parvulum subexcentricum, parum convexum, 
profunde 9-fidum, lobis lineari-cuneatis emarginatis, subtus palea- 
ceum. Paleze copiose roseze, pedunculi apicem necnon involucra 
obvelantes, forma varie, plereeque lanceolato-subulate, flexuosze 
laciniate. Involucra tot quot lobi, cum iisdem alternantia, duplo 
breviora, tenuia bivalvia, margine repanda, triflora, flore unico (raro 
altero) fertili. Perianthia late pyriformia tenuissima, apice inequa- 
liter 5-fida. Calyptra inclusa pyriformis tenuissima, infra apicem 
rupta. Capsula in pedicello calyptram paulo superante parvula 
globosa, rufa tenuis, cellulis unistratis intus trabeculatis conflata. 
Elateres elongati utrinque attenuati monospiri. Spore mediocres, 
tetraedro-globose, fulvee, scaberule. 

Capitula ¢ feemineis similia, ad centrum tamen fere usque fissa; lobis 
paucioribus (sub 6), linearibus crassis, subtus squamis purpurcis 
arcte imbricatis vestitis. Antheridia haud inveni. 


M. Berteroana L. et L., et M. papillata Raddi, huic subaffines, e descrip- 
tionibus distinctissime viderentur.—M. subandina ex elateribus mono- 
spiris inter congeneres singularis. 


4, MARCHANTIA CHENOPODA, Linn. Sp. Pl. II., 1603. 


Hab. In terra humida umbrosa, ad rivuli ripas precipue, necnon in 
tupibus saxisque humectatis, per Andes sylvaticos inferiores, vix 
supra 2000™ ascendens, sat frequens; in planitie calida nullibi visa. 
Insulis Antillis, necnon in Brasilia centrali australioreque antea in- 
venta fuit. 


Frondes 30-40 x 4—-5™™; areole 1™™ longe; palee 13x11; br 25x20; 
ped gomm, 


Sordide viridis, siccando albescens, subtus rubro-purpurea, substratificata. 
Frondes ter dichotome, ligulate vel cuneato-lgulate, apice emar- 
ginato-bifidee, margine repando-crenulatz ; supra subplane, insigniter 
tesselato-venose, areolis suboblongo-5—7-gonis, poris magnis albo- 
marginatis; medio sat crasse, pluristratee (costa autem vix definita), 
deinde ad margines sensim attenuatze, cellulis stratorum superiorum 
densis opacis, strati hypopori cavernis plerumque binatis. Radicellee 
pallidee praelongz creberrime, frondis apices versus autem deficientes. 


562 FIMBRIARIA. 


Palese hypophylle magne 4-seriate, bifarize, roseo-purpure, basi 
lata valde obliqua insert, oblique cuneato-rotunde, elongato-cellu- 
losee repando-denticulate, ex apice lato retuso appendiculam flavam 
ovato-lingulatam acuminatam spinoso-serrulatam proferentes. 

Flores dioici: 9 terminales. Pedunculus fronde paulo brevior, excen- 
tricus, tetragonus, antice subconcavus, ad angulos anticos alte cos- 
tatus, costis anguste tubulosis, postice convexus profunde bicanali- 
culatus; pilis sparse villosus, apice squamulis pluribus pendulis, 
aliis subulatis longe flexuoso-acuminatis, aliis filiformibus, stipatus. 
Capitula alte convexa, fere hemispherica, levia, margine crenulato 
integra vel brevissime 4-5-loba, cavernosa. Involucra 4y. 5, bracteis 
duabus receptaculo adnatis, inter se fere liberis, ventricosis, margine 
conniventibus pulchre ciliato-fimbriatis—ciliis plerisque e cellulis 
biseriatis formatis, apice bidentulis—tenuibus, elongato-reticulatis, 
intus sparse papillosis, constantia. Perianthia ovali-globosa, tenuis- 
sima, pellucida, albida reseo picta, primum clausa, demum apice 
inequaliter 5-loba. Pistillidia 10, vel plura, distiche conferta, 2 vel 
3 fertilia. Calyptra oblongo-globosa, pallide virens, validiuscula. 
Capsula subglobosa, calyptram fere exacte replens. 

Capitula ¢ femineis 2—3plo latiora, explanata, stellatim 5-partita, laciniis 
linearibus supra antheridiiferis subtus paleaceis. 

Stirps in Andibus humilioribus late dispersa variat fronde crassiore 
tenuioreve, semel vel iteratim dichotoma, pedunculo subcentrali vel 
fere laterali, ete. Ad Banos adest forma capitulo margine omnino 
elobulato, paleis involucralibus copiosis. In Rio Verde rupibus 
altera forma major, tenuis, paleis paucis pallidis, valvulis involucri 
pallidis breviciliolatis. 


XLIL FIMBRIARIA, Nees. 
in Hor. phys. Berol. 45, et Hep. Eur. 259; Syn. Hep. 555. 


Frondes plerumque carnosee et opacee, raro tenuiores et pellucida, 
supra plus minus distincte reticulate poroseque, subtus radicellis 
pilose et paleis paucis 1—2-seriatis squamose; apice emarginato vel 
innovantes vel fructiferse, raro dichotome; in aliis speciebus fron- 
dulas posticas stipitatas, sape floriferas, ¢ vel ?, proferentes. 
Flores dioici vel monoici. Peduncilus in caule, rarius in ramo, ter- 
minalis, brevis rarius elongatus, unicanaliculatus, subpilosus, apice 
paleis angustis pendulis barbatus. Cap/tulum hemisphericum vel 
fere planum, margine 4-lobum vel subintegrum. Involucra pler- 
umque 4 (1-6) tenuia brevi-tubulosa, ore lato subbiloba, uniflora. 
Perianthium plus minus emergens, seepe roseum vel violaceum, ovato- 
conoideum, apice breviter tubulare, primum integrum, demum rimis 
4-16 (raro pluribus) dehiscens, laciniis ipso apice plerumque cohee- 
rentibus. Calyptra pertenuis et fragilis, in fructu evanescens. Cap- 
sula brevissime pedicellata, globosa, unistrata, cellulis exannulatis, 
matura circumscissa. lateres breves 1-3-spiri. Spore magne, 


FIMBRIARIA. 563 


perisporio pellucido elevato-reticulato. Andrecia immersa, discoidea, 
antheridiorum loculis prominulis papiilosa, in speciebus monoicis 
seepe pone florescentiam ¢ posita, vel ramulis posticis relegata. 
Apparatus gemmiparus nullus. 

Hab. e& Distr. Species per orbem terrarum disperse, in Europa 
continentali haud rare, in insulis Britannicis autem nondum in- 
vent ; semper fere monticole, in rupibus humectatis, in rivulorum 
saxis, raro.in ipsa terra vigentes. In Andibus sylvaticis 3 species, 
quarum 2 videntur novas—in planitie Amazonica nullam—legi. 


§ 1. Frondes subtus purpuree. 


1. F, elegans? Frondes lineari-oblonge, postice subramose, carnosi, 
et opace, canaliculate, supra reticulate vel grandiporose, paleis hy po- 
genis subulatis acuminatis. Capitula longiuseuwle peduneulata, 
hemispheerica, breviter 4-loba, lobis crenatis. Per. emersa 8-10-fida. 

2. F. macropoda. Frondes ovato-oblonge, ramis posticis nullis, tenui- 
culx, subplanz, supra indistincte reticulate, paleis oblique triangu- 
laribus acuminatis. Capitula in pedunculo longissimo conyexa, 
demum plana, ad $ 4-loba. Per. 12-fida. 


§ Frondes supra subtusque concolores. 


3. F. Canelensis. Frondes elongate pellucide reticulato-venose, paleis 
biseriatis lanceolato-subulatis. Pedunculus brevis. Capitula hemi- 
spheerica, ad $ fere 4-loba. Per. 16-fida. 


1. FIMBRIARIA ELEGANS, Spreng.? 


Syst. Veg. IV., 235; G. L. et N. Syn. Hep. 561.—F. Quitensis nobis 
in hb. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in sylva Canelos, ad saxa humectata terraque 
obruta; necnon ad pontem Banos (fluvii Pastasa) in rupibus trachy- 
ticis humidis, cum Funaria Jamesont. 3 

Frondes 0°6™™ medio crasse ; ped 4:0-8:0 x 04; per 2°0x1:1™™, 

Frondes sub 2°%™ longze, 3-5™™ late, lineari-oblongie-obovateve emar- 
ginatee, canaliculate, margine elevato incurvo, sinuato-crenato, cris- 
pulo; supra albide, tesselate, poris magnis perforate ; subtus nigro- 
purpuree, strato corticali valido facile solubili; costa valida immersa, 
sectione late lanceolata, obtuse carinata, cellulis pluristratis angustis 
conformibus sectione zquilateris conflata, supra cellulis pluristratis 
duplo majoribus chlorophyllosis obtecta, subtus radicellas eompla- 
natas deferens. Palesze hypophylle paucz, rose. subulatee acumi- 
nate flexuosee. Stratum hypoporum subsuperticiale regulariter 
cavernosum. Frondes raro sub apice recte innovantes, seepe medium 
versus ramulum unum alterumve posticum, quasi-stipitatum, apice 
obcordato perseepe fructiferum, proferentes. 

Flores dioici?—? in ramulis, raro in ipsa fronde terminales, paleis 
paucis purpureis subulatis suffulti. Pedunculus fructts frondis lati- 
tudine duplo fere longior, purpurascens, apice e paleis pendulis 
albido-roseis, aliis subulatis acuminatis, aliis pluribus subfiliformibus, 
inferne e pilis patulis, subvillosus, cellulis angustis conflatus, striatus, 


564 


Hab 
Ped 


FIMBRIARIA. 


hine anguste canaliculatus, canali filis eadem longitudine, numerosis, 
tenuibus, exarticulatis, intus hic illic nodosis, repleto. Capitulum 
hemisphzricum, insigniter bullato-rugosum, breviter 4-lobum, lobis 
crenato-2-3-lobulatis. Involucra 4, lobis intus adnata, urceolata, 
membranacea, subbiloba, hiantia. Perianthia longe emersa, ovoideo- 
conica, plus minus roseo picta, profunde 8-10-fida, laciniis apice— 
seepe tota longitudine—coherentibus, canaliculatis. Capsula.... 


2, FIMBRIARIA MACROPODA, Spruce. 


. Andes Quitenses, in rivuli ripis montis Pichincha. 


50; capitula 5:0; per 2°0x1°3™™. 


Frondes imbricate, 2-3°" longze, 4-6™™ late, subplane, oblonge vel 


ovato-oblonge, rarissime dichotome, ramis posticis nullis, seepe ex 
apice bifido innovando-continue, tenuicule, subpellucid, margine 
elevato crenulato crispatulo; supra albide, anguste nigro-purpureo 
limbatee, indistinete et anguste areolate, poris paucis; subtus pur- 
puree, radicellosee, parce paleaceee, paleis subdissitis valde oblique 
triangularibus acuminatis abrupte acutis purpureis, apice concolori 
albidove; costa tenuis. 


Flores dioici: @ terminales. Pedunculus longissimus, frondes duplo ex- 


cedens, pilis tenuissimis flexuosis parce pilosus, apiceque subbarbatus. 
Capitula convexa, demum plana, bullata tamen, ad medium 4-loba, 
lobis eavis (saceatis). _Involucra membrana tenui lobis inclusa adna- 
taque constantia, uniflora. Perianthia subemersa capituli marginem 
haud attingentia, primum oblique pendula, demum_horizontalia, 
ovato-conoidea, ad medium 12-fida, basi albida tenuia; laciniis roseo- 
purpureis subulatis canaliculatis apice convergenti-connatis. Cap- 
sula brevipes, sordide purpurea, tenuis, fragilis, apice circumscissa, 
inferne irregulariter plurifida. Sporee magni tetraedro-globose, 
sporodermio laxe celluloso pellucido. 


Ab affinibus F. venosa L. et L., et I’. leptophylla Mont., distinctissima 
videretur. 


3. FIMBRIARIA CANELENSIS, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in sylva Canelos, ad rupes irroratas, aliis hepaticis 


irrepens. 


Frondes 5:0™™ late, 0°3 crasse ; costa ‘05 lata; ped 5:0; capit 2°5™™ dia- 


metro; per 2°0; elat 0°3; spore ys—yy™™. 


Frondes albescentes, subtus concolores, in sicco pellucida, teners, sub- 


plane, prostrate et stratificatee, 3-5°™ longee, ligulatee, hic illic seepe 
subconstrictee, sub apice emarginato haud raro recte innovantes, 
necnon frondulas posticas, seepe oppositas, longe stipitatas, obcordato- 
spatulatas, facie supera receptacula mascula seepe gerentes, proferentes, 
subtus radicellis pralongis crebris, e costa distiche patentibus, vil- 
losie, supra e strati hypopori cavernis quasi elongato-reticulate, poris 
tamen paucis inconspicuis. Cellule paginee parvule subpellucide, 
2-4-strate, ceteris stratis versus et supra costam adjectis. Costa vera 
opaca nigrescens, sectione lineari-oblonga, cellulis angustis conflata, 
subtus paleis dissitis biseriatis suberectis lanceolato-subulatis roseis 
obsita. 


Flores monoici: @ terminales. Pedunculus cum costa continuus, brevis 


FIMBRIARIA. 565 


hine canaliculatus, paleis paucis filiformibus sparsus, basi apiceque 
paleis sublatioribus involucratus. Capitulum parvulum hemispheeri- 
cum, supra bullato-rugosum, intus cavernosum, margine fere ad 
medium 4-fidum, lobis saccatis, ore rotundatis integris. Involucra 
membranacea sub-biloba. Perianthia alte exserta, ovato-conoidea, 
basi pallida tenera, apice ultra medium plurivalvia, valvulis 16 v. 
17, violaceis tenuibus firmis. Capsula globosa, supra medium cir- 
cumscissa, dein irregulariter breviter plurifida. Elateres breves 
2-3-spiri. Sporse magne globose, perisporio pellucido scrobiculato- 
reticulato. 

Receptaculum ¢ frondule posticze adnatum, ovale, convexum, papillis 
sub 4-seriatis obsitum, antheridiis jam pridem decisis. 


XLIV. DUMORTIERA, Nees. 


In Nov. Act. Ac. N. C. VIT. (1823); ejusd. Hep. Jav. et in Mart. 
Fl. Bras. Hygropyla Tayl. Linn. Trans. XVIL., p. 390, 
t. 15 (1835). 


Frondes dilatatz, tenues et molles, subdichotome vel ex apice 
emarginato innovando-continuz, supra venulis tenuissimis anasto- 
mosantibus obscure venulose, poris autem nullis vel obsoletis, strato 
hypoporo nullo; subtus epaleacez, radicellis prelongis arcte ad- 
pressis hirsute, ad speciem venose. lores terminales, dioici vel 
monoici.*  Capitula @ pedunculo elongato bicanaliculato, basi 
paleis indusiato, apice plus minus barbato, czterum levi vel setoso, 
suffulta, orbiculata, convexa vel subplana, 2—8-fida, setis hirta vel 
ealva. Involucra tot quot capituli laciniz, iisdem basi recepta, 
superne emersa, tubulosa, seepius setulosa, apice breviter bivalvia, 
monocarpa. Perianthiwm nullum. Calyptra inclusa obovata tenera, 
apice rumpens, persistens. Capsula brevipes subglobosa, profunde 
4-8-fida, laciniis demum pro m. revolutis. Zlateres prelongi, 2—3- 
spiri, vel ex p. 1-spiri, decidui. Spore majuscule globose asperule. 
Andrecia brevissime pedunculata, discoidea, subtus convexa, supra 
plana, locellis internis antheridia ovata apice constricto in papillam 
prominula includentibus. Apparatus gemmiparus nullus. 

Hab. et Distr. Species Dumortiere pauce bene cognite in rupi- 
bus humectatis necnon in glareosis humidis montium vigent ; per 
zonas temperatas et calidas rarius disperse, in frigidis (quantum 
scio) nondum invente. D. hirsuta (Sw.), in montibus sylvaticis 
Americe tropic valde frequens, etiam in Pyrenzis et in insulis 


* «Fructificatio utplurimum dioica, haud raro monoica, aliquando etiam 
androgyna, quoniam pedunculus idem receptaculo partim antherifero partim 
eapsulifero coronatur. In hoe casu notatu dignum est dum capsule vigent 
anther longe antea functe semper effcete.”” (Tayl. 1. c.) 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. onl 


566 DUMORTIERA. 


Britannicis inventa est, quoniam D. irrigua (Wils.)—forma D. 
hirsute europea, capitulo supra calvo (nec hirsuto)—quoque in 
Audibus crescit. 


1, DUMORTIERA HIRSUTA (Swartz). 


Marchantia hirsuta Sw. Prodv. Fl. Ind. oce. 145. Dumortiera hirsuta 
Nees, Hep. Eur. IV., 163. Hygropyla wrrigua Tayl. de March. in Linn. 
Trans. XVIL., 390, t. 15, f. 1. 


Hab. In scopulis saxisque rivulorum et cataractarum humectatis; in 
Andibus sylvaticis inferioribus magis frequens quam quisqualis 
Marchantiacea et perseepe fertilis: locis Chimborazo, Tunguragua, 
‘anelos, Campana, Tavalosos, &c.; in planitie solum ad Yurimaguas 
fluvii Huallaga et ad fluvii Negro cataractas visa.—In totis terris 
calidis et temperatis inventa est, pro more autem rarius. In Pyrenzis 
et in Hibernia pulcherrime crescit. 


Pedune. 20-30 ; capit 4-5 ; setw 15-2°0; cal 2°3x1°8 5 elat 0-'9™™, 


Frondes late vel flavo-virides, tenues prostrate, in plagas latas effusee, 
8-10 longee, ad 2™ late ubi latiores, lato-ligulatz, superne dilatate, 
plane, apice profunde emarginate, interdum dichotome ; supra 
subtiliter irreculariter reticulato-venose ; subtus ad costam radicellis 
prelongis tenuibus bifariam patulis, adpressis venasque simulantibus, 
hirsute ; cellulee majusculee tenues bistrate, costam versus 3—4-strate, 
superficiales papilloso-prominule (unde frondes in vivo insigniter 
velutin), strato hypoporo proprio nullo, poris nullis vel perraris 
et minutis; costa purpurascens, biconvexa vel supra fere plana, 
validiuscula, axi cellulis perangustis pluristratis constante-—Frondes 
haud raro subter costz apice iteratim innovantes, innovationibus 
spathulato-orbiculatis-cuneatisve, basi insigniter abrupteque angus- 
tatis. 

Flores dioici, raro heteroici. Pedunculus florescentize 9 validiusculus, 

‘eum frondis costa continuus, hine sulcis binis angustis exaratus, basi 
apiceque paleis angustis lineari-subulatis flexuosis, interdum valde 
numerosis, rarius perpaucis nullisve, stipatus, ceeterum nudus, raro 
setosus. Capitula orbiculata subconvexa, supra setis conspersa, 
rarius calya, margine sub 8-loba. Involucra tot quot lobi, mono- 
carpica, pauca fertilia, turgide tubularia, carinata, demum ab apice 
bilabiatim hiantia, extus longisetosa. Calyptra subaequilonga, obo- 
vata, chartacea, apice inequaliter triloba, persistens. Pedicellus 
calyptra subbrevior, sat crassus, basi rotundatus. 

Capsula semiemersa, globosa, rufo-badia, profunde 8-fida, laciniis 
revolutis apice plurifidis ; substantia tenuis, cellulis fibras annulares 
includentibus. Elateres preelongi, medio dispiri, utroque fine attenu- 
ato autem solum monospiri. Spore globose, elateribus diametro 
duplo latiores, tuberculose. 

Andreecia plerumque in distincta planta, brevipedunculata ; capitulum 
disciforme, margine rhizinis ciliatum, intus locellatum (juvenile 
solum visum, antheridiis nondum formatis). 

Var. irrigua (Tayl. sp.). Cum stirpe Hibernica ad amussim fere convenit, 
capitulis supra levissimis, etc.—In spelunca ad pedem montis 
Tunguragua. 


DUMORTIERA. 567 


Var. trichopus 8. Pedunculus tota longitudine setis longis squarrosis 
conspersus. Capitula supra hirsutissima. —Chimborazo, in scopulis 
rivulorum humectatis. 


XLV. AITONIA, Forst. 


Char. gen. pl. 147 (1776). Plagiochasma Lehm. et Lindenb. 
in Pug. pl. IV., 13 (1832); Syn. Hep. 511. 


Frondes humiles prostrate, haud crass, validze tamen, plerumque 
eanaliculate, ex apice emarginato interdum innovantes, vel subtus 
pauciramez ; supra exareolatz, poris nullis vel vix visibilibus notate, 
intus cavernose ; subtus purpurez, paleacez et radicellis longis cum 
ductulis punctatis mixtis villosee. ores dioici vel monoici. Pedun- 
cult 2 antici, pro more breves, striati, solidi, basi apiceque paleis 
angustis plus minus copiosis stipati. Capitulwm parvulum, pro- 
funde 1-4-lobum. Jnvolucra 1-4, capituli lobis adnata, tenuia, 
rima verticali vel valde obliqua in valvulas duas cochleatas abeuntia, 
monocarpa. Perianthium nullum. Calyptra decidua, ipsa basi 
autem nunc involucro nune capsule adherens. Capsula subsessilis, 
globosa, cellulis unistratis exannulatis conflata, vel apice dentibus 
dehiscens vel circumscissa, lateres breviusculi 2-4-spiri. Spore 
sat magne poly-(szepe tetra-)edrae, scrobiculate. “ Andracza in sinu 
apicis vel in media fronde immersa, muricato-papillata.” (Syn. 
Hep.). 

Hab. et Distr. Species sat numerosze in die cognitz locis saxosis 
rupibusque humectatis, rarius in ipsa terra vigent ; terris calidioribus 
magis frequentes, due autem Europam australem habitant, una 
Nove-Zelandiw propria est. In Andibus species 2, ut videtur 
novas, ipse legi. 

1. A. subplana. Frons linearis subplana, ramis hypogenis nullis, paleis 
parvulis uniseriatis. Involucra 1 vel 2, parce paleacea. 
2. A. lanigera. Frons obovato-oblonga canaliculata, subtus ramosa et 


radicellis ductulisque dense lanata, paleis hypogenis magnis bi- 
seriatis. Involucra 2 vel 3 et pedunculus dense paleacea. 


1, AITONIA SUBPLANA, Spruce. 
Hab. In rupibus humidis ad Antombos, juxta fluvium Pastasa, alt. 1800™. 


Frondes 15-20 x 4-5; ¢ 7.45; palee 15x11; ped 10; envol 2:0 ; palew 
inv. ad 2:0; caps 1°6; elat 03; spore am, 


Frondes vix pollicares, subimbricate, fere planissime, raro siccando mar- 
gine subinvolute, lato-lineares, emargiat, interdum furcate, supra 
ex albido glaucescentes, exareolate, minutissime porosee, subtus radi- 
cellosee et paleaceze, in etate tote rubescentes ; ; ad axin cellulas sub 
6 crass, utrinque sensim attenuate, ipso margine pagina tenui uni- 


568 AITONIA 


strata, cell. 2 v. 3 lata, limbate ; intus venoso-cavernose, cavernis sub 
6 cell. latis, 2plo—3plove longioribus. Cellule sat magne elongatze 
leptodermes. Pale hypophylle uniseriatee subimbricate, rosez 
apice albide, frondis latitudine multo breviores, basi lata trans- 
versa luserte, oblique triangulari-acuminatie, repande, infra apicem 
scariosum vel constrict vel non. 

Flores dioici: 2 antici, media fronde, vel apicem versus, orti. Pedun- 
culus brevis tenuis, basi nudus, apice paleis paucis pallidis angustis, 
longe subulatis acuminatis flexuosis barbatus. Involucra vel solitaria 
unilateralia vel bina opposita, pedunculi apice lata basi affixa, bi- 
valvia, rima obliqua fere verticali. Calyptra inclusa, involucro ex 
parte adnata, tenuis fragilis, pedetentim disrupta. Capsula paulo 
minor, subsessilis globosa, operculo margine digitato-fimbriato 
(laciniis’sub 16) cireumscissim dehiscens. Spore magne flavo-fuscee 
subtetraedree, perisporio pellucido cristatim reticulato. Elateres 
sporis 6plo longiores tetraspiri obtusi. 

Pl. Peruvianum Mont. differre videtur fronde canaliculata, subtus solum 
apicem versus squamosa; pedunculo plus duplo breviore basi paleaceo ; 
capsula apice dentibus dehiscens, nec circumscissa; elateribus solum 
dispiris. 

AITONIA LANIGERA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, juxta urbem Ambato in declivibus saxosis humidis ; 
necnon in rupibus trachyticis ad pontem de Banos dictum supra 
fluyium Pastasa, sociis Fimbriaria elegante, ete. 


Frondes 16 x 4-7; palee hypogene 2°2 x 2°0,¢. palearum 45; ped 20; invol 
& “a2 YI g hi 10 ’ 
15, paleew invol 4:0 x 3-5; caps 12 2; elt "25; spore i5™™. 


Frondes plagas latiusculas sistentes, prostrate, imbricata, anguste obovato- 
oblong, simplices vel furcatee, ramulos paucos posticos proferentes ; 
supra albescentes exareolate, e margine crenulato incurvulo (sic- 
cando involuto) subconcavee ; facie inferiore convexula nigro-purpureé 
ductulis preelongis filiformibus albidis, e tuberculis internis punctu- 
latis, costee medio tergo ortis, cum radicellis immixtis, dense lanate ; 
cellulis paucistratis parvulis equilateris conflate, intus late caver- 
nose. Paleze hypogense magnie rose biseriatee imbricatse appresse, 
oblique triangulares sensim acuminate, pulchre reticulate, parce 
perforate. 

Flores dioici (?): 2 in media fronde solitarii, vel bini subdissiti. Pedun- 
culus longitudine varia, basi apiceque paleaceus. Capitulum con- 
vexum pallidum tenne. Involucra 2 vel 3, oblongo-globosa, rima 
verticali bivalvia, valvulis tenuibus cochleatis. Paleze involucrales 
numerose, pendule, preelonge subulate sensim acuminate, basi 
rose, apice scariose. Calyptree tenerrime residua in involucri 
fundo persistentia. Capsula sessilis, involucrum fere replens, glo- 
bosa, virescens, fragilis, cellulis unistratis inanibus conflata, operculo 
al suturam plurifido dehiscens. Elateres breviusculi, sat crassi, 
obtusi, 4-spirl. Sporse magne flavee tetraedrae, aciebus compressis 
crenulatis, perisporio pellucido reticulato-scrobiculato, 


XLVI. CLEVEA, Lindberg. 
Musci novi Scandinavici in Act. Soc. pro F. et F. Fennica (1868). 
Ab Aitonia ete. distat fronde tenerrima, supra distincte reticulata ; 


CLEVEA. 569 


absentia involucrorum et perianthiorum completa; capsule cellulis 
fibra annulata vel perfecte spirali farctis; antheridiis in cost 
marginibus seriatis (nec in receptaculum collectis). 

Hab. et Distr. Specierum perpaucarum adhue cognitarum duas 
Seandinavicas descripsit cl. Lindberg. Altera species, Andina, sine 
dubio Europzis congener, infra descripta erit. Ommes ad terram in 
rupium fissuris crescunt, 


1. CLEVEA ANDINA, Spruce. 


Hab. Andes Quitenses, in terra rupium umbrosa humida juxta pontem 
fluvii Pustasa “de Banos” dictum, etiam loco simili prope Ambato, 
alt. 2000-2800", rarissime. 


Frondes 6-10 x 6™™ ; squame 153; ped 15-30; recept 2°0; caps 1:25: 
elat ‘25 ; spore 3™™. 


Frondes prostratee subimbricate tenerrimee pellucide, cuneato-subrotunde, 
emarginate furcateeve, margine crenulato siccando lenissime incur- 
vulo, pallidee purpurascentesve, pulchre viridi-reticulatz, areolis 
elongatis, poris obscuris, subtus squamosve et parce radicellosze, medio 
sub 6 cellulas crassee, intus cavernose. Squamee sparse, pauce 
margini proxime, ad axin plures et magis confertz, ex albido rose, 
anguste oblique triangulares, acuminate. Cellule frondis parvulee 
leptodermes pellucidee. 

Flores dioici (?): Q e frondis media facie superiore orti. Pedunculus 
perbrevis levis nudus. Receptacula epaleacea biloba; lobis sub- 
globosis dimidio supero carnosis cavernosis papulosis, inferne sensim 
attenuatis, ipso margine submembranaceis, fructum unicum in- 
cludentibus. Involucrum et perianthium omnino nulla. Calyptra 
subglobosa tenuissima, basi ipsa tamen in collum cupuliforme con- 
stricta et subincrassata, demum irregulariter bivalvis. Pedicellus 
brevissime cylindricus, basi in calceolum obconicum dilatatus. 
Capsula globosa viridi-badia fragilis, ineequaliter 7-8-fida, cellulis 
unistratis elongatis fibra spirali perfecta repletis conflata. Elateres 
mediocres trispiri, fibra tenui, folliculo seepe dissoluto. 


Cl. hyalina Lindberg, differt fronde angustiore, paleis serratis ; pedunculo 
apice paleaceo, capsula subsessili, 3—-5-valvi, cellulis fibra annulata farctis 
conflata. 


Subordo II]. Riccracres. 


“‘ Vegetatio frondosa cellulosa crassiuscula, epidermide distincta 
stratoque cavitatum aérearum epidermidi in quibusdam subjecto 
predita. Mructus evalvis, frondi vel impositus pedicellatus sessi- 
lisve, vel immersus, Jnvolucrum commune nullum ; proprium 
aliis utriculiforme apice perforatum, aliis nullum, Perzanthium 
nullum. Calyptra stylo evanescente coronata. Capsula vel libera 
vel calyptre connata, globosa, irregulariterrumpens. lateres uulli. 
Spore angulose. Anthercdia frondi immersa, orificio excretorio in 


570 RICCIA. 


frondis superficie papilliformi aut conico-subulato.” (G, L. et N. 
Syn. Hep. 592.)* 


XLVII. RICCIA, Mich, Nov. Gen, 


‘“« Frondes repentes, primitus radiatim e centro divisa, laciniis 
dichotomis, in dorso [supra] planis depressis aut canaliculatis, in 
ventre [subtus] convexis nudis squamatisve, epidermide distincte 
eporosa, strato cavitatum aérearum in aliis obvio aliis deficiente. 
Fructus frondi immersi, nec nisi rupta superficie (superiori inferi- 
orive) denudati, sessiles. Jnvolucra nulla. Calyptra cum capsula 
tenui coherens, stylo diu persistente acuto prominulo coronata. 
Capsula intra calyptram sessilis.” (Syn. Hep. 598.) 


1. R. lanigera. Frons tenuicula intus vix cavernosa, subtus Janata, 
orbiculata, ad centrum usque partita, iteratim dickotoma, laciniis 
angustis subcanaliculatis, Capsule solitarize. Sporee magnee elevato- 
reticulate. 

2. Rk. amazonica. Frons crystallina cavernosa, tenuicula tamen, paulo 
radicellosa, bis dichotoma, laciniis latis retusis, Capsule 2—5-nee. 
Spore minores muriculate, 

3. R. crassifrons. Frons carnosissima, cavernosa, supra ad speciem reti- 
culato-venosa, ad centrum fere usque fissa, iteratim dichotoma, 
laciniis late lnearibus retusis medio 10 cellulas crassis, parum radi- 
celliferis. Capsulee 1-2-ne. Sporee magne minute reticulato- 
scaberule. 


1. RiccIA LANIGERA, Spruce. 
Hab. in fluvii Ramos, flam. Amazonum tributarii, ripis limosis. 


Frondis radius 10:0; ramuli 15x 0'7 ; cellule 7; capsule 35-4; spore 
Se 
a0-20 = 

Frons pallide viridis, sicca immutata, orbicularis, diametro 2°, ad basin 
usque partita, ter quaterve dichotoma, furcis angustis linearibus sub- 
canaliculatis, medio cellulas 2 vel 8 crassa, marginibus tenuis, intus 
vix cavernosa, subtus radicellis lanata; cellulee magnee leptodermes 
pellucide. 


* T have so few species of this suborder to describe, and I have had so little 
oceasion to study those of other countries—notably southern Europe and 
western Australia, where they grow far more abundantly than on the Amazon— 
that I quote from the ‘Synopsis Hepaticarum’ almost literally the characters 
of the suborder and of the solitary genus (Riccia) of which I gathered any speci- 
mens. The definition of the suborder might require a little modification to 
exclude Sphwrocarpus Mich., probably also Corsinia Raddi. and Tesselina 
Dum. 

All the South-American species I found belong to the subgenus &icciella, 
having the capsules immersed near the wnder surface of the frond. Of a few 
additional species, gathered on muddy shores of the Amazon and its tribu- 
taries, the specimens are missing, having probably been thrown away when the 
parcels were first opened, as mere lumps of dried earth, which they doubtless 
much resemble. 


RICCIA, 571 


Flores 2 numerosi, juxta laciniarum axin subtus alte protuberantes, 
strato cellularum tenui obtecti, solitarii. Capsula magna globosa 
tenuissima. Spore magne angulari-globose, epidermide pulchre 
reticulata, reti alte prominulo (unde spore scabre evadunt) aciebus 
truneatis retusisve. 


RICCIA AMAZONICA, Spruce. 


Hab. in fluminis Amazonum ripis limosis juxta Obidos, ubi cum filicis 
prothallio mixta provenit, etiam ad ejus tributarium Parand-miri 
dos Ramos dictum. In Andium radicibus orientalibus ad fl. Hual- 
laga ripas, necnon prope vicum Tarapoto. 

Frons 6:0; cellule 75; capsule °38 x °25; spore s-3,™™. 

Frondes crystalline, cayernosze, orbiculares vel late cuneatze, bis dicho- 
tome, segmentis latis retusis, subtus radicellose ; cellule magne 
pellucidee, margine frondis tenui unistratee, ceeterum tristrate, caver- 
nis maximis interpositis. 

Flores dioici (?): 2 in alveolis 1-5-ni, in frondis facie inferiore promi- 
nuli. Capsule ovali-rotunde, tenerrime. Spore majuscule, angu- 
lato-globosz, scaberrimee (minute muricatee papilloseve). 

Altera forma adest, fronde latiore, laciniis semel fureatis prelatis, apice 


breviter bilobis seepeve 4-crenatis, fructibus magnis numerosis; conspeci- 
fica autem videretur. 


3. RICCIA CRASSIFRONS, Spruce. 


Hab. ad terram insulze fluvii Negro inundatee, paulo supra ejus ostia, socio 
Ephemero cequinoctiali Spruce. 

Frondes 10-0-8:0 x 1°5-1°2-0°6™™; cellule ~5; capsule 3x35; spore 
a5". 

Frondes pallide virides, in orbem expanse (radio 8-10™™) ab ipso fere 
centro fissee, ter quaterve dichotome, laciniis late linearibus retuso- 
truneatis, valde carnosee, medio 10 cellulas crassze, e cavernarum 
subsuperficialium interstitiis ad speciem venosee, angulo venarum 
peracuto, supra bullate vix concave, subtus alte convexe radicel- 
lisque paucis consperse. 

Fructus subter fronde alte prominuli, nigrescentes. Capsule solitariee, 
magnee—vel binate, parvule. Sporee magne polyhedre; epider- 
mide tenui, vix subpellucida, minute reticulata, parum scaberula. 

R. lanata 8. distincta est frondibus angustioribus, triplo tenuioribus, 

vix cavernosis subtus radicelloso-lanatis; sporis insigniter cristato-reti- 

culatis. 


Subordo IV. ANTHOCEROTACE:. 


Vegetatio frondosa, mollis, seepius laxe texta. Frondes plerumque 
orbiculares, margine plus minus profunde lobatz inciszeve, costa 
prelata cum pagina utrinque confluente et confusa; in aliis paucis 
autem pinnatim fisse, costa angustiore et bene definita, pagina 
utrinque lineari unistrata; in omnibus subtus ad lineam mediam 
radicellosee, supra eporose interdum autem e cellulis gonidiiferis 


572 ANTHOCEROTACE. 


opacis punctate. Pulee hypophylle nulle. Flores monoici vel 
dioici, antici; Q media fronde costave insidentes. IJnvolucrum 
assurgens erectumve, corniforme tubulosum carnosum, ore scarioso 
oblique truncato vel labiato. Perianthium nullum. Calyptra nulla. 
Archegonium oogonio solitario nudo intra frondis (coste) substan- 
tiam nidulante constans. Fructus pedunculatus capsularis (siliqui- 
formis) lineari-cylindricus vel anguste tetragono-prismaticus, raro 
fusiformis, bivalvis vel, sutura altera haud soluta, ad speciem uni- 
valvis, columella (sive dissepimento) axiali filiformi percursus. 
Elateres fibra simplice lata, vel perfecte spirali vel solum undulata 
et flexuosa, vel etiam geniculata et pedetentim rumpente, impleti. 
Spore primum in utriculis tetrasporis incluse, demum liberate, 
tetraédre, sat magne (diametro ;';-3';™™) facie externa convexa 


45 25 
(saltem) muriculate. Antheridia in alveolis—raro biseriatis, pler- 
umque in frondis facie supera inordinatim sparsis—immersa, primum 
strato superficiali operta, serius detecta, solitaria vel sat numerosa.* 


Obs. The chlorophyllose bodies—supposed analogues of the gonidia of 
lichens, and sometimes called by the same name—found in most species 
of Anthocerotes, especially in the cells of the uppermost stratum of the 
frond, Leitgeb thinks he has proved to be colonies of Nostoc. That they 
are aliens, or parasites, seems proved by their abundance in some species 
of Anthoceros, and their almost total absence in others. In Dendroceros I 
have noticed none in the substance of the frond; but the middle stratum 
of the three concentric strata composing the peduncle consists of cells 
containing a dark-green chlorophyl which is probably gonidioid ; and 
underneath the costa of the frond I find naked blackish tubercles, evi- 
dently parasitic, and possibly referable to some species of Nostoc. 

The inordinately large cells found in the leaves of certain Lejewnew and 
Frullanie, either grouped in ocelli or (as in Frullania Tamariset) arranged 
in moniliated lines, probably owe their existence to the presence of a 
parasite. They are at first filled with an opaque grumous matter, usually 
of a green colour, but changing to brownish or reddish, and finally 
exuded, yet clinging awhile to the under surface of the cell, which itself 
remains empty and pellucid. The curious circumstance is that although 
these eye-cells are caused (as I suppose) by the intrusion of an alien, they 
should exist only in certain species, while in others of the same genus 
they are uniformly absent; so that the ocelliferous tendency is developed 
only along certain lines, along with other characters deemed of specitic 
value. Fr. Tamarisci, which has the eye-cells arranged in a single 
moniliform row, simulating a nerve, and the allied Hr. germana, where 
there are no eye-cells at all, afford a striking and easily-accessible illustra- 
tion. 

CONSPECTUS GENERUM, 


48. Denproceros. Frons pinnatifida vel bipinnatifida, costa angusta 
* In Anthocerotis specie monoica, nondum bene determinata, ab amico 


STABLER juxta Levens Westmorlandie lecta, autheridia valde numerosa, 18-29 
in quoque alveolo, invenimus. 


DENDROCEROS. 573 


bene definita, paginz cellulis unistratis ad angulos insigniter incras- 
satis, gonidiis nullis. Capsula exserta. Elateres perfecte spirales. 
49. ANTHOCEROS. Frons orbicularis lobata laciniatave ad speciem 
ecostata, cellulis plerisque gonidiiferis. Capsula exserta. Elateres 
raro spirales, pro m. solum flexuosi. 
50. Norornyias. <A priore differt capsula subsessili apice solo emersa, 
elateribus geniculatis frustulatim disruptis. 


XLVIII. DENDROCEROS, Nees. 
Syn. Hep. 579. Anthocerotis sp. Raddi. Monoclea Hook. ex p. 


Frondes late lineares, pinnatiin ramos, insigniter crispatie : 
pagina tenuis unistrata, interdum in lacinias latas, folia simulantes, 
fissa, incrassationibus tetragonis ad cellularum angulos, gonidiis 
nullis ; costa perfecte definita, angusta, pluristrata, //ores monoici: 
2 sicut in subordinis caractere supradescripti. Capsula pedunculata, 
involucro exserta. lateres monospiri, perfecte helicoidei. Anthe- 
ridia in costa biseriata. 

Hab. et Distr. Species pauce huic generi recte adscripte in 
arborum cortice imo in foliis vivis vigent, extra zonam torridam 
forsan nullibi vise. 


1. D. crispatus. Frons semel bisve pinnatifida, laciniis linearibus sinuato- 
crispis integris, anguste costatis. Capsula linearis, involucro paulo 
longior. 

2. D. foliatus. A priore differt fronde plus duplo latiore, minus ramosa, 
late sed distincte costata, pagina utrinque in lacinias (folia simu- 
lantes) latas crispatissimas ad costam fere usque fissa ; capsula duplo 
longiore lineari-subulata. 


1. DENDROCEROS ORISPATUS (Hook. ?) Nees. 
Monoclea crispata Hook. Bot. Mise. I, 117, t. 27? 


Hab. In Andium Peruvie radicibus ad fluvii Huallaga ripas, juxta 
Yurimaguas et Tarapoto, arboricola. 

Frondis lat. 1:2 ; coste sectio 0°3 x01; ¢ 3-3 mvol 60x 0°43 ped 6-0; 
caps. valv. 8:0 x 0°3; elat. 4; spore 3.™™, 

Ameene viridis, czespitoso-procumbens. Frondes 2™ longze, assurgentes, 
bipinnatifide, laciniis brevibus lato-linearibus contignis vel subim- 
bricatis, insigniter sinuato-crispis, valide anguste costatis, apice (seepe 
furcato) truncato-rotundatis ; costa sectione semilanceolata oblongave 
medio 8 cellulas crassa subtus parce radicellosa, ad ramorum inser- 
tionem geniculato-subflexuosa ; cellule paginze unistrate mediocres 
quadrato-hexagonz, ad angulos incrassationibus tetragonis fulcite, 
intus flexuosee, endochromio copioso. 

Flores monoici: @ antici, e costa versus ramorum furcas oriundi. In- 
volucra primum brevia, apice tenui, fundo oogonium solitarium 
obelavatum foventia, matura lineari-corniformia erecto-incurva, ore 


DENDROCEROS. 


Ot 
~J 
r= 


hine in labium lingueforme protracta, papillosa, carnosa 6-strata. 
Pedunculus brevis, semper fere immersus, basi intra involucellum 
oblongum carnosum receptus, pallidus, cellulis tristratis (6 in dia- 
metro), intermediis chlorophyllosis (corpusculo opaco farctis) con- 
flatus. Capsula semiemersa, involucro longior, lineari-cylindrica, 
rufa, bivalvis; columella filiformis persistens. Elateres mediocres 
obtusi, fibra spirali preelata impleti. Sporee majuscule asperule. 
Antheridia in costee utroque margine uniseriata, sepe florem @ 
approximata, solitaria, subglobosa, brevistipitata, simgula e mam- 
milla alté apice demum ruptd, emergentia. [Adsunt etiam, subter 
frondem ad costam sparsa, corpuscula nigra globosa cellulosa, materie 
grumosa repleta: anne Nostocis species ?]. 

Var. simplicior, fronde semel pinnatitida, aliis ramis interdum furcatis.— 
Pard, in palmarum arborumque truncis; Chimborazo, in folio vivo 
(alt. 1200™).° 


2. DENDROCEROS FOLIATUS, Spruce. 

Hab. Ad arbores in sylva Canelos, loco Cuesta de Mapoto, prope fluvium 
Pastasa. 

Frons 5™™ lata; coste sectio 10-12 x 0°25 c. pagine z4—-s ; vol 8:0 x 0°63 
caps 15°0 x 0°45 ; elat 3-45 spore J™™. 

Robusta czespitosa viridis. Frondes 2™ longee, basi palmatim divisee dein 
pinuatifidee, laciniis brevibus prielatis simplicibus furcatisve; costa 
valida, lata, plano-convexa, medio 8 cellulas crassa, basin versus parce 
radicellifera; pagina utrinque 2™™ Jata, in “folia” subeequimagna 
late reniformia sinuato-lobulata insigniter replicato-crispa profunde 
(raro ad costam usque) fissa; cellule mediocres parvuleve, plerumque 
quadrat, interstitiis incrassatis tetragonis ad angulos fulcite. 

Flores monoici: 2 antici, infra costee apicem orti. Involucrum cylindri- 
cum, viscidum subpapillosum, medio 3 vel 4 cellulas crassum, apice 
hine in Jabium rectum protractum. Pedunculus paulo brevior, basi 
bulbosus. Capsula maxima, involucro duplo longior, basi sola im- 
mersa, cylindrico-subulata, rufa, bivalvis vel uno solo latere dehiscens. 
Elateres pallidi debiles, helice lata apice subevoluta farcti. Spore sat 
magne scaberule. 

Antheridia ad laciniarum costam subbiseriata, solitaria maxima stipitata, 
raro 2—3na et minora. 

Var. megalospora: fronde crispatissima, costa preelata rufescente, sporis 
maximis (4;-7-"™) sublievissimis; elateribus fragilibus minus, per- 
fecte spiralibus.—Antombos, in ripis ejusdem fluvii Pastasa. 

Obs. Dendroceros foliatus, with the frond cloven almost down to the 
midrib into broad imbricated laciniw, resembling separate leaves, is the 
analogue of Symphyogyna Brongniarti var. pinnatipartita, of Aneura 
trichomanoides, and of Metzgeria bracteata. —These species, and a few others, 
may almost claim the possession of distinct leaves, and, placed by the side 
of a Jungermania with longitudinally-inserted leaves, such as Cephalozia 
(Alobiella) integrifolia, show how easy is the transition from a frondose 
to a foliose stem. 


XLIX. ANTHOCEROS, Mich. Gen. (1729). 
Frondes plerumque orbiculares, radiatim lobate, planiuscule vel 
in centro depresse ; costa prelata cum pagina utrinque confluente et 


ANTHOCEROS, 575 


confusa ; cellule leptodermes, plereeque gonidiifere. ores monoici 
vel dioici. Capsula pedunculata exserta. Hlateres in paucis per- 
fecte spirales, in plerisque solum undulato-sinuati. Antheridia 
supra frondem sine ordine sparsa. 

Hab. et Distr. In terra nuda humidiuseula, in rivulorum saxis 
arenaque, etiam in truncis semiputridis. Regiones temperatas, 
rarius calidas, totius orbis terrarum habitant. In planitie Amazonica 
nullam inveni, in Andibus autem, alt. 500-3500", 5 species haud 
raro vigebant. Species Europe, Britannic precipue, investiga- 
tione accuratiore carent, 


§ 1. Hlaterwm fibra perfecte spiralis. Involucra elongata (7™™ longa). 
1. A. flavens. Monoica, fronde impunctata subcarnosa, medio 6-8c. 
crassa. Elateres breviusculi. 
2, A. callistictus. Dioica, fronde insigniter viridi-punctata membranacea, 
medio 3-4c. crassa. Elateres longiores. 


§ 2. Elaterum fibra solum undulata flecuosave, interdum geniculata et 
fragillima. Involucra breviora (1-5™™ longa). 

3, A. squamuligerus. Dioica, fronde subplana avenia, facie supera 
squamulis foliaceis polymorphis obsita. Involucra longiuscula car- 
nosissima. Spore majuscule sublevissime. 

4, A. venosus. Monoica, fronde sulcato-venosa, supra nuda. Involucra 
brevia. Spore parvulee subasperulz. 

5. A. Pichinchensis. Dioica, fronde avenia nuda, profunde pinnatifido- 
lobata. Elateres geniculati valde rudimentarii. Spore minut 
asperule. 


1, ANTHOCEROS FLAVENS, Spruce. 


Hab. super muscos in truncis putridis ad montem Pingullu, prope pagum 
Tavalosos Andium Peruvianorum. 


Frondes 10-20 x 10; cellule 35; wmvol 7x1; caps 40-42™™ longa; elat :25 ; 
spore z5™™. 


Frondes flavescentes, siccando vix mutate, leves, avenie et impunctate, 
imbricate, cuneato-rotunde-oblongeve, breviuscule lobate, lobis 
rotundatis crenato-lobulatis, carnosulz, medio 6-8 cellulas crass, 
utrinque ad margines usque sensim sensimque attenuate, cellulis 
majusculis pellucidis, omnibus subconformibus, nullis nucleatis. 

Flores monoici: @ antici, e medio lobo orti. Involucra depressa, parum 
assurgentia, longiuscula, subulata, truncata, carnosa, basi ipsa minute 
papillosa czeterum levia. Capsula in pedunculo parum exserto 
longissima, 4°™ et ultra longa, tenuis bivalvis. Elateres perfecte 
spirales, helice lata pallida laxe contorta. Spore parvule subglobose 
compressulz minute muriculatee. 

Alveoli masculi frondis margines versus sparsi, 1- (raro 2-) andri. 

Pulchra et distinctissima species, cum A. levi fronde impunctata con- 
veniens, diversa autem involucro elongato et elateribus perfecte 
spiralibus. 


A. callistictus noster, huic subaflinis, frondes habet tenuiores, crassi- 


76 ANTHOCEROS. 


on 


tudine ubique fere zquali, strato superficiali viridi-punctato, margine 
valde diverso quasi sinuato-denticulato-lacerove ; capsulas subbreviores; 
elateres majores ; sporas tamen subminores. 

Ad oppidum Lamas, a monte supracitato haud remotum, in rivuli arena 
advenit var. brachycarpa ejusdem A. flaventis, colore magis sordido, cap- 
sula quadruplo breviore (10™™ longa); ceteris caracteribus autem cum 
typo bene conveniens. 


2. ANTHOCEROS CALLISTICTUS, Spruce. 

Hab. In lignis fl. Bombonasa irrigatis, supra muscos repens. 

Fr 20 x 5-8; inv. 70x °5; ped 10; caps 30; elat 3-4; spore A.™™, 

Frondes subplanze leeves, virescentes, punctis Intense viridibus consperse, 
suboblonge, ineequaliter lobate denticulato-sinuateeque, enerves tenui- 
usculee, ubique fere equicrasse, margine vix attenuate, cellulis 3-4- 
stratis, superticialibus minoribus firmioribus viridibus, ceeteris multo 
laxioribus pellucidis fere vacuis, subtus parum radicellosz. 

Flores dioici: Q versus loborum apices orti. Involucra subelongata 
subulato-cylindrica curvula, Capsula in pedunculo  subexserto 
longissima involucrum siepe 4plo superans uni- (raro bi-) valvis. 
Columella valida. Elateres elongati, spiré unicé prelata tenui (per- 
fecta tamen) constantes. Spore parvee subglobose muriculate. 


3. ANTHOCEROS SQUAMULIGERUS, Spruce. 


Hab. In monte Pichincha, ad rivulorum saxa, aliis hepaticis immixta. 


Frons 25 x 12™™; squame 0'8-1:0™™ longe; invol 5°0x1°7; ped 25; caps 
30x0°5; elat 0°2; spore 3:™™, 

Frons prostrata viridis, longe obovato-oblonga, crenato-lobulata, carnosa, 
medio 6-8 cellulas crassa, utrinque sensim attenuata, subtus medio 
valde radicellifera, supra (medium versus pracipue) insigniter 
squamuligera, squamulis vix millimetrum longis, forma variis, line- 
aribus, subulatis, raro latioribus et subtriangularibus, integris vel 
varie paucilaciniatis, haud raro 2, 3 vel 4 in unam latam basi con- 
natis, medio 4-6 cellulas crassis, sursum inflexis; cellule frondis 
omnes subconformes, parvulee leptodermes, plerseque nucleo nigres- 
cente linear rotundove farctee. 

Flores dioici: in fronde apicem versus insidentes. Involucrum breve, 
validum, clavato-cylindricum, subpapillosum, inferne 10-12 cellulas, 
apicem versus 5-8 cell. crassum, Pedicellus involucro 5plo longior, 
validus, intus cavus (sporis elateribusque rudimentariis repletus). 
Capsula involucro 6plo longior, linearis, tetragono-prismatica, minute 
papulosa; angulis unisulcis quatuor (nempe 2 ad suturas laterales, 
2 utrinque in valvularum media facie) incrassatis, cellulis rigidis 
opacis bistratis, strato medullari (/) tenui interposito, conflatis. 
Elateres breves incompleti, fibra plana tortave subflexuosa haud heli- 
coidea. Spore majusculee angulari-rotunde, perispermo pellucido 
subleevissimo. 

Fronde squamuligera, involucro carnosissimo, pedunculo longissimo, 
necnon capsule structura peculiari inter congeneres insignis.—A. adscen- 
dens Li. et Ldng., in Australia lecta, fronde squamulosa nostre similis, 
involucra habet brevissima (millimetrum longitudine vix excedentia) 
membranacea campanulata. 


ANTHOCEROS. 577 


4, ANTHOCERUS VENOSUS, Lindenb. et G. 
Syn. Hep. 584; Gotts. Mex. Leverm. 
Hab. Tarapoto, Andium Peruviz, in rivuli arena. Mexico (LIEBMAN). 


Invol 2:0 x 0°6; ped 9°0; caps 10°0 x 25; elat 15; spore ~j-s™™. 


Pusilla viridis, siccando nigrescens. Frons prostrata suborbicularis, 
diametro 1-2, radiatim divisze, divisionibus obovato-oblongis 
rotundato-lobulatis, medio sulcé exaratis, necnon inter lobulos sul- 
catis, quasi utrinque depresso-2-3-venosis, inter venas bullatis et 
lineari-punctatis ; costa lata, cum pagina utrinque confluens, medio 
6-8 cell. crassa, subtus longe radicellosa; cellule: paginee mediocres, 
marginales 2-strate, costam versus 3-5-strate, strati supremi nu- 
cleata, interne seepius vacue. 

Flores monoici: @ antici, e lobis apicem versus orti. Involucrum breve 
cylindraceum, inferne 6-8 cell. crassum, ore truncato scariosum sub- 
integrum. Pedicellus alte exsertus. Capsula badia, involucro 5plo 
longior, tenuis, obtusa, bivalvis, columella tenui. Elateres breves 
plani, raro torti, vix unquam subspirales. Spore pro genere parve, 
angulari-globose, minute scaberule, 

Var. macrocarpa. Inv 35; caps. cum ped 40; elat -25—3™™, Paulo 
robustior, frondis divisionibus seepe subpinnatis vel ex parte dicho- 
tomis, laciniis brevibus latis crenato-lobulatis, suleato-venosa, inter 
venas valde convexa, subrotundo-punctata, strato hypodermi sub- 
cavernoso. Pedicellus capsulaque seepe longissimi. Elateres longiores, 
flexuosi, haud spirales. Spore subleevissimee—M. Guayrapurina. 

Var. brachyscypha. Inv 1:0-16x0°9; caps+ped 10-17x0°4; spore 

sm™™. Pusilla, late imbricata, floribunda, divisionibus canalicu- 

latis—quasi depresso-nervatis—venis lateralibus autem nullis; costa 

(= frondis lat.) seepe bene distincta, a pagina utrinque subabrupte 

divisa. Involucra perbrevia, ovato-cylindrica.—Banos Andium Qui- 

tensium. 


pala 


5. ANTHOCEROS PICHINCHENSIS, Spruce. 
Hab. In rivuli saxis montis Pichincha. 
Invol 2-3 x 111; caps+ped 30™™. 


A. venoso subsimilis distat florescentia dioica; fronde plana (nec sulcato- 
venosa) profunde pinnatifido-lobata, lobis szepe assurgentibus, pin- 
natis, medio 6 cellulascrassis. Elateres breves geniculati, seepe frag- 
mentarii. Sporz minute, scaberule. 


NOTOTHYLAS, Sull. 
Muse, Allegh. (1846). Carpolipwm Nees, Syn. Hep. 


Ab Anthocerote differt capsula subsessili, vix ultra involucrum 
apice paulo emersa, fusiformi vel ovato-oblonga, seepe in fragmenta 
transversim dehiscente ; elateribus haud spiralibus, geniculatis, 
pedetentim disruptis. [‘‘ Utriculi matricales monospermi” dicit cl. 
Nees, an recte?]—Melius forsan pro Anthocerotis subgenere ha- 
benda. 


578 NoTOTHYLAS. 


1, NoTOTHYLAS AMAZONICA, Spruce. 


Hab. in solo limoso sylvarum prope Tarapoto, ad Andium radices, necnon 
in fluvii Ramos, flum. Amazonum tributarii, ripis. 


Frondis radius 15:0™™; cellule 35; invol 3:0; capsula 3°5x°7; spore 


Frondes orbiculares subplane virescentes, radicellis brevibus matrici 
arcte adnate, profunde lobatie, lobis subimbricatis crenatis, medio 
sparse setulosis, tenues, intus hic illic gonidia viridia monstrantes ; 
cellule bistratee majuscule subconformes. 

Involuecra loborum axi insidentia, alia basi alia apici proxima, corni- 
formia, basi paulo latiora, depressa fere horizontalia, apice scarioso 
clausa demum rupta. Capsula basi bulbosa fere sessilis, cylindrico- 
fusiformis, decurvula, flavida, bivalvis, valvulis margine indistincte 
coloratis, inferne cellulis elongatis 3-5-stratis conflata. Columelle 
nulla vestigia invenire potui. Spore magne fusco-luteze angulato- 
rotund. Elaterum frustula pallida subquadrata amorphave. 


Obs. Planta ad fl. Ramos lecta duplo minor est, parce fructifera, capsulis 
autem sporisque typo conformibus. In utraque forma columellam frustra 
quesivi. Columelle absentia e capsulis supramaturis probabiliter evenit, 
ejus residua forsan cum elaterum frustulis mixta et confusa e capsula 
rupta simul ejecta. 

N. valvata Sulliv. in ‘Musci Allech.’ no. 289, a nostra egre distincta, 
differt statura minore ; capsulis infra medium paulo latioribus, ovato- 
cylindricis, superne late obtuse subulatis ; columella lata utrinque appen- 
diculata; sporis pallidis. NN. melanospora ejusd., quoad columellam vix 
diversa, specifice differre haud videtur. 


ERRATA. 


Page 3, line 3, for ‘‘innovatis pes” read ‘‘innovationes.” 


2? 15, 
» 21, 
» 23, 
» 24, 
“Je ) 47, 
23 59, 
» 61, 
» 68, 
OO. 
seo A2s, 
a Ae 
sate haa 
apie aes 
srenslads 
pe eliZ0, 
ao 270; 
aay HLOd, 
so ee 
io: 
a eeel4, 
ya aL, 
», 224, 
5) BGS 
eee 
», 240, 
ee 
305, 
Bees 306, 
Page 309, 
»» 921, 
=p. ode 
» 367, 
py ool, 
Be Ain 
» 415, 
 OD/, 


307, 
line 


? 
%? 
” 
” 
9? 
3? 


9 


” 


18, for ‘‘ad breviotis” read ‘‘abbreviatis. 
8 from foot, for ‘‘ Jamesoni” read ‘‘viminicola.” 
24 from top, for ‘‘marginata” read ‘‘emarginata.” 
14 from top, for ‘‘%” read ‘* 3.” 
3 from foot, for ‘‘folia” read “ foliola.” 
12 from top, for ‘‘ caulo” read ‘‘ caule.” 
13 from top, for ‘‘super” read “‘ rupes.” 
20 from top, for ‘‘ were” read ‘‘are.” 
20 from top, for ‘‘Caudex” read ‘‘ Caules.”’ 
9 from top, for ‘‘ Flora” read ‘* Folia.” 
7 from top, for ‘* pilum” read ‘‘ hilum.” 
8 from foot, for ‘‘ medio” read *‘ dimidio.” 
10 from foot, add ‘‘ (Tab. xxi.).” 
8 from top, for ‘‘temnantha” read ‘*cunetflora.”* 
14 from top, for ‘‘3” read ‘‘6.” 
17 from top, for ‘‘uncinata”’ read ‘‘ancistrode.” 
7 from foot, for ‘‘ quam” read ‘‘ quam.” 
11 from top, for ‘‘palmata” read ‘‘ palmifolia.”’ 
5 from top, for ‘‘ligulata” read ‘‘ obfuseata.”* 
6 from top, for ‘‘ Lejeune” read *‘ Lejeunea.” 
10 from foot, after ‘* 3” add ‘‘et 9 fertilis.”’ 
9 from foot, for ‘‘ apiculata S.” read ‘‘ subsimplex Mont.” 
16 from foot, add ‘‘(Tab. ix.).” 
7 from foot, erase ‘‘(Tab. ix.).”’ 
24 from top, for ‘‘implexa”’ read ‘* Rionegrensis.”* 
20 from foot, for ‘‘ Sinclarii” read ‘* Sinelairii.” 
12 from top, add “ (Tab. xxii.).” 
308 at top, for ‘‘CoLo-LEsEUNEA” read ‘‘ MyRIOCOLEA.” 
6 from top, after ‘‘caule” fas **solum.” 
5 from foot, for “ eee > ead “ perpauca.”’ 
15 from foot, for ‘‘ spinosa” read ‘‘spinose.” 
3 from foot, after ‘‘subobtusi” insert “ dispiri.” 
6 from top, for ‘ bastatim ” read ‘‘ hastatim.” 
4 from foot, for ‘‘autem” read ‘‘ stantem.” 
8 from foot, for ‘‘ Calyptra” read ‘‘Capsula.”’ 
14 and 18 from foot, for *‘ hypogyne ” read “hypogenx.” 


* Three specific names of Lejewnee occur in duplicate in the text, and one of each pair 
should be replaced by the corresponding name marked above with an asterisk. After the 
genus had been partially worked up, an interval of ten years passed ere the author 


resumed his labours on it ; 


use of. 


hence his obliviousness of certain names previously made 


INDEX. 


Acrobolbus, Nees, 522. 
Wilsoni (Tayl.), 522. 
Acrostolia, Dum., 540. 
Adelanthus, Mitt., 403. 
Crossii, Spruce, 404. 
decipiens (Hook.), 405. 
decurvus, Mitt., 406. 
Aitonia, Forst., 567. 
lanigera, 8., 568. 
subplana, S., 567. 
Anastrophyllum, S., 516. 
Androcryphia, N., 529. 
Aneura, Dum., 540. 
amazonica, S., 545. 
andina, S., 548. 
cervicornis, S., 550. 
ciliolata, S. (T. 19), 547. 


hymenophytoides, S., 549. 


latissima, S., 544. 
lepidomitra, S., 549. 
leptophylla, S., 544: 
macrostachya, S., 550. 
pallida, S., 547. 
pectinata, S., 546. 
plumeformis, S., 548. 
tenuicula, S., 545. : 
trichomanoides, S., 547. 
Anomoclada, Spruce, 407. 
mucosa, S., 408. 
Anthoceros, Mich., 574. 
callistictus, S., 576. 
flavens, S., 575. 
Pichinchensis, S., 577. 
squamuligerus, S., 576. 
venosus, L. et G., 577. 
Anthocerotacee, 571. 
Aplozia, Dum., 508. 
Arachniopsis, Spruce, 354. 
coactilis, S. (T. 13), 355. 
v. capillacea, S., 356. 
v. filifolia, S., 356. 
dissotricha, 8., 356. 
Pecten, S. (T. 13), 355. 
Bazzania, Gray, 366. 
acanthostipa, S., 381. 


Bazzania ancistrodes, S., 380. 
aurescens, S., 374. 
bidens (G. et L.), 371. 
v. dissodonta, S., 371. 
v. vittata, S., 371. 
Brasiliensis (Nees), 373. 
Chimborazensis, 8., 376. 
decidua, S., 372. 
diversicuspis, S., 373. 
flavicans, S., 377. 
heteroclada, S., 379. 
humifusa, 8., 370. 
leptostipa, 8., 374. 
phyllobola, S., 372. 
planiuscula (G. et L.), 376. 
robusta, 8., 378. 
spinigera, S., 380. 
teretiuscula (L. et G.), 375. 
Vincentina (L. et L.) 377. 
Blepharoziew, Lindberg., 335. 
Blyttia, Endl., 536. 
Bryopteris, Nees, 105. 
diffusa (Lev.), 115. 
Sruticosa, L. et G., 110. 
Sruticulosa, Tayl., 112. 
tenuicaulis, Tayl., 1138. 
Calypogeia, Raddi, 447. 
euthemona, S., 449. 
oniscoides, 8., 448. 


Calypogeia, Raddi, § 2 (Nees), 409. 


Carpolipum, Nees, 577. 
Cephalozia, Dum., 388. 
acroscypha, 8., 394. 
Crossii, S., 397. 
denudata (Mart.), 402. 
v. Andina, 8., 402. 


ephemeroides, 8. (T. 15), 389. 


forficata, S., 398: 
frondiformis, S. (T. 16), 390. 
Husnoti (G.), 395. 
integrifolia, 8., 393. 
lancifolia, S., Mst., 395. 
macella, 8., 393. 
micromera, 8., 396. 
monodactyla, 8., 391. 


INDEX. 


Cephalozia obcordata, S., 403. 
pygmea, S., 399. 
Serra, S., 397. 
Sphagni (Dicks.), 400. 
v. Europea, S., 401. 
v. Amazonica, S., 401. 
I. Protocephalozia, 8., 389. 
Il. Pteropsiella, S., 390. 
III. Zoopsis, Hook, f., 391. 
IV. Alobiella, 8., 392. 
V. Eucephalozia, S., 395. 
VI. Cephaloziella, S., 399. 
VII. Odontoschisma, Dum., 400. 
Cheetocolea, Spruce, 346. 
palmata, S. (T. 12), 346. 
Chiloseyphus, Corda, 442. 
polyblepharis, S., 442. 
v. speciosa, S. 443. 
Clasmatocolea, Spruce, 440. 
fragillima, S., 440. 
heterostipa, S. (T. 20), 441. 
2 tenerrima, S., 439. 
Clevea, Lindberg, 568. 
andina, 8., 569. 
Dendroceros, Nees, 573. 
crispatus (Hook ?), 573. 
foliatus, S., 574. 
Dilena, Dum., 536. 
Dumortiera, Nees, 565. 
hirsuta (Sw.), 566. 
v. irrigua, Tayl, 566. 
v. trichopus, S. 567. 
Epigonianthee, S., 419. 
Eucalyx, Lindb., 519. 
Fimbriaria, Ness, 562. 
Canelensis, S., 564. 
elegans, Spreng.? 563. 
macropoda, S., 564. 
Fossombronia, Raddi, 526. 
crassifolia, 8., 527. 
lophoclada, S., 529. 
ptychophylla, S., 529. 
tenuifolia, S., 528. 
Fossombroniex, 523. 
Frullania, Raddi, 3. 
aculeata, Tayl., 41. 
Arece, Spreng., 20. 
arietina, Tayl., 25. 

v. pluricarinata, S., 26. 
atrata (Sw.), 38. 

v. Bsubtilissima, M. & N., 58. 
atrosanguinea, Tayl., 39. 
Beyrichii, L. & Lindenb., 48. 
bicornistipula, S. (T. 2), 46. 
blepharozia, S., 18. 
brachyclada, S., 15. 
Braziliensis, Raddi, 50. 

». cylindrica, G., 50. 

subv. Lindigii, Gotts., 50. 


TRANS. BOT. SOC. EDIN. VOL. XV. 


Frullania Braziliensis— 

v. elegantula, S., 50 

». robusta, S., 51. 
Campanensis, S., 16. 
clandestina, Mont., 52. 
closterantha, S., 51. 

v. hylonoma, §., 51. 
compsotera, S., 57. 
cylindrica, Gotts., 50. 
decidua, S., 30. 
densissima, S. Mst., 22. 
duricaulis, S., 59. 

Ecklonii, &. L. et N., 20. 
excipulifera, 8. Mst., 21. 
exilis, Tayl., 56. 

flammea, Tayl., 29. 
flexicaulis, S., 53. 
galericulata, Tayl. Mst., 19. 
gibbosa, Nees., 22. 

». ? densissima, S., 22. 
hematocysta, 8., 54. 
hians, Lehm et Lindenb., 19. 
hirtiflora, S., 35. 
Hutchinsice, Hook., 62. 
latiflora, S., 34. 
laxiflora, S., 26. 

v. Crossii, S., 27. 
leptomitra, S., 25. 
madothecoides, S., 47. 
megalostipa, S., 15. 
myosota, Hook. f. et Tayl., 56. 
nodulosa, Nees, 36. 
obeordata, L. & L., 56. 
Orinocensis, 8., 30. 
Peruviana, Gotts., 40. 
replicata, Nees, 36, 
rigescens, S., 52. 

». mollicula, S., 52. 
Riojaneirensis, Raddi ?, 23. 
ringens, S., 17. 

Sabanetica, Gotts., 53. 
Sebastianopolitana, Lindenb., 23. 
semiconnata, Lindb. & Gotts., 27. 

”. suborbiculata, S., 28. 

sphrocephala, 8S. (T. 1), 17. 
squamuligera, S., 33. 
squarrosa, Nees, 33. 
stenostipa, 8., 29. 
strobilantha, S., 48. 
subalpina, S., 28. 
subtilissima, Lindng., 57. 
tenera, S., 23. 
Thuillerii, Schwegr., 36. 
tubiflora, S., 49. 
viminicola, S., 21. 

v. bicolor, S., 21. 

Frullaniz subgenera : 
Chonanthelia, S., 8. 
Diastaloba, S., 55. 


3M 


582 


Frullanie Homotropantha, 8., 35. 
Meteoriopsis, §., 37. 
Thyopsiella, S., 41. 
Trachycolea, S., 31. 

Gongylanthus, Nees, 447. 

Gymnanthe, Tayl., 447, 501, 522. 

Gymnomitrium, Corda, 531. 

Haplomitrium, Nees, 531. 

Herberta, Gray, 340. 
acanthelia, S., 344. 
bivittata, S., 343. 
juniperina (Sw.), 342. 
pensilis (Tayl.), 342. 

Hygropyla, Tayl., 565. 
irrigua (Wils.), Tayl., 566. 

Hymenophyton, Dum., 534. 

Isotachis, Mitt., 337. 
ripensis,S., 339. 

Jubula, Dum., 59. 

Hutchinsiz (Hook.), 61. 
Jubulee, Dum., 1. 
Jungermania, Rupp., 506. 

achroa, 8., 514, 

ameena, L. et G., 509. 

bursata, Desy., 463. 

callithriz, L. et G., 520. 

calocysta, S., 517. 

Chamissonis, L. et L., 445. 

coadunata, Sw., 427. 

colorata, Lehm., 510. 

v. elatior, S., 510. 

connata (Sw,), 438. 

cordifolia, Hook., 508. 

cupressina, Sw., 360, 

decipiens, Hook., 405. 

denticulata, Web., 156. 

denudata, Mart., 402. 

dichotoma, Web., 490. 

elliptica, L. et L., 194. 

flava, Sw., 268. 

Sfragilifolia, Tayl., 447. 

grandiflora, L. et G., 510. 

gymnocalycina, Lehm., 469. 

heteracria, S., 512. 

». Peruviana, S., 512. 
v. Amazonica, 8., 512. 

Husnoti, G., 395. 

hyalina, Lyell, 519, 

hypnoides, Willd., 493. 

juniperina, Sw,, 342. 

leucocephala, Tayl., 516. 

Mackaii, Hook., 134. 

opacula, S., 514. 

pallens, Sw., 319. 

pellucida, Meissn., 302. 

piligera, Nees, 516. 

plerogonia, L. et L., 216. 

schistophila, 8., 513. 

schizopleura, S., 517. 


INDEX. 


Jungermania siliculosa, Wils., 134. 


simplex, Sw., 468. 

Sphagni, Dicks., 400. 
squamata, Willd., 82. 
subinflata, S., 513. 
subrotunda, Hook., 125. 
succulenta, Rich., 520. 
sulphurea, Lehm. et L., 217. 
tomentosa, Sw., 348. 

Jungermaniacee, 1. 

Jungermanier, 309. 

Kantia, Gray, 409. 
amazonica, 8., 415. 
biapiculata, S., 414. 
cespitosa, S., 412. 
cyclostipa, S., 409. 
leptoloma, 8., 414. 
mastigophora, 8., 413. 
nephrostipa, 8., 412. 
parallelogramma, S., 413. 
rhombifolia, §., 413. 
tenax, S., 416. 

Leiomitra, Lindberg, 347. 
flaccida, S., 349. 
paraphyllina, 8., 350. 
sphagnoides, 8., 350. 
tomentosa (Sw.), 348. 

Leioscyphus, Mitt., 443. 
Chamissonis (L. et L.), 445. 
fragilifolins, Tayl., 447. 
Liebmanianus (L. et G.), 445. 
obcordatus, 8., 446. 
schizostomus, 8., 446. 

Lejeunea, Libert, 63-304. 
acanthina, S., 182 (T. 6). 
acanthogona, S., 177. 
acanthotis, S., 229. 
Amazonica, 8., 106. 
ancistrodes, S. (T. 5), 169. 
aneogyna, 8., 254. 

v. subsessilis, S., 254. 

v. macroclada, S., 254. 
anoplantha, 8., 189. 
aphanella, 8., 290. 
aphanes, S., 290. 
Aquarius, 8., 185. 
Artocarpi, 8., 280. 
asperiflora, S. (T. 7), 183. 
asperrima, S, 160. 
asprella, S., 175 (T. 5). 
assurgens, 5S., 256. 
asthenica, 8., 222. 
auriculata (Wils.), 102. 

». virens, S., 102. 
axillaris, Mont., 139. 
badia, S., 92. 
bicolor, Mont., 181. 
blepharogona, 8., 178. 
Bombonasensis, §., 222. 


INDEX. 


Lejeunea Bongardiana, L. & Lindenb., 


135. 
Boryana, Mont., 162. 
bullata, Tayl., 289. 
caducifolia, S., 205, 
calearata. Mont. ?, 146. 
calearea, Lib., 292. 
calyptrifolia (Hook.), 304. 
campanulata, S., 192. 
capulata, Tayl., 190. 
cardiocarpa, Mont., 300. 
Carolensis, S., 276. 
catinulifera, S. 233. 
Cauapunensis, S., 283. 
cerina, L. et L., 232. 
cherophylla, S., 147 (T. xxi.). 
chelidonura, S., 146. 
Chimborazensis, S., 215. 
ciliatiflora, S., 140. 
Cinchone, Nees, 169. 
circinnata, S., 141. 
cladobola, S., 274. 
clypeata, Schwein., 90. 
Coarina, Gottsche, 205. 
cochleata, S., 273. 
Coffee, S., 276. 
comans, S., 246. 
commixta, S., 204. 
comosa (Ldng.), 108. 
contigua, Nees, 247. 

». latifolia, S., 248. 

». parvula, 8., 248. 
convoluta (Ldng.), 106. 
cordiflora, S., 283. 
crebriflora, S. 219. 

v. arenicola, S,, 219. 

#. minutiflora, 8., 219. 
crispistipula, S., 93. 
crucianella, Tayl., 197. 
Criigeri, Lindenb., 97. 
Cubensis, Mont., 282. 

v. guianensis, N. & Mont., 

203. 

cucullata, N., 287, 
cuneiflora, S., 157. 
eyathophora, Mitt., 267. 
cyclostipa, Tayl., 121. 
cyttotis, S., 229. 
decemdentata, S., 148. 
decidua, S., 257. 
denticulata, Web., 156. 

v. subintegerrima, S., 157. 
devoluta, S. (T. ix.), 236. 
diaphana, S., 168. 
dictyocalyx, S., 218. 
diffusa (Sw.), 115. 
dissoptera, S., 108, 
diversicuspis, S., 176. 
diversiloba, S., 287. 


583 


Lejunea drymophila, S., 285. 


v. macrostachya, S., 285. 
duriuscula, Nees, 259. 
elliptica (L. & L.), 194. 
ensifolia, S., 297. 
erectifolia, S., 173. 
erigens, S. Mst., 298. 
eulopha, Tayl., 120. 
excavata (Mitt.), 134. 
exocellata, S., 195. 
fabroniefolia, §., 154. 
fertilis (N.), 116. 
filiformis, Sw., 87. 
filipes, S., 275. 
flagellaris, S., 273. 
flava (Sw.), 268. 

subsp., albida, S., 269. 
florentissima, 8., 95. 
florida, S., 221. 
fragrantissima, S., 243. 

v. condensata, S., 244. 
fruticosa (Ldng. & G.), 110. 
fruticulosa (Tayl.), 112. 
fuliginosa, S. 208. 

v. megalostipa, 8., 208. 
fulva, S., 237. 

Gabrielensis, S., 179. 

galeata, S., 172. 
gomphocalyx, S., 174. 
Guilleminiana, M. & N., 134. 

v. cardiantha, §., 134. 
gymnocolea, S., 296. 
hamatifolia (Hook.), 188. 
hapalochroa, S., 149. 
harpaphylla, S., 123. 
Hasskarliana (G.), 116. 
hebetata, S., 271. 
herpestica, S., 129. 
heterocheila, Tayl., 239. 
heteroclada, §., 256. 

v. subandina, S., 257. 
Hobsoniana, Lindenb., 127. 
holostipa, 8., 171. 
humefacta, S., 275. 
humilis (G.), 101. 
hylophila, S., 209, 

». subdenticulata, S. 209. 
hypoacantha, S., 140. 
immersa, S., 186, 
implexa, S., 223. 

v. ? eallistachya, S., 223. 

». ? retiflora, S., 223. 
implexa, 8., 240. 
inflexa, Hampe, 179. 
infundibulata, S., 191. 
innovans, S., 103. 
inundata, 8., 278. 

». saxorum, S., 278. 

v.fontinaloides,S.(T.10),178. 


Lejunea Javanica (N.), 98. 
Kunzeana, Gotts. (T. 3), 83. 


laxifolia, Tayl., 130. 
laxiuscula, S., 244. 
leioseypha (G.), 214. 
Leprieurii, Mont.?, 94. 
leptalea, S., 272. 
leptocardia, S., 159. 
leucophea, S., 267. 
lichenicola, S., 191. 
ligulata, S., 196. 
ligulata (L. et L.), 101. 
liliputiana, S8., 297. 
limbata, S., 286. 
longiflora, Tayl., 242. 
v. rupicola, S., 243. 
longirostris, S., 190. 
longispica, S., 114. 
lucens, Tayl., 288. 
lunulata (Web.), 145. 
v. angustiflora, S., 145. 
luteola, S., 205. 
Mackaii (Hook.), 134, 
macrocardia, S., 158. 
macroloba, Mont., 248. 
macrorhynea, S., 220. 
maritima, S., 210. 
marsupiifolia, S., 118. 
Matteola, S., 240. 
megalandra, S., 294. 
megalantha, S., 172. 
megalophysa, S., 202. 
megalostipa, S., 266. 
micrandrecia, S., 298. 
microdonta, Gottsche, 157. 


microrhegma, S. (T. 8), 209. 


microscopica, Tayl., 293. 
monticola, S., 204. 
Miilleriana, Gottsche, 121. 
muricato-serrulata, S., 155. 
muscicola, 8., 281. 

v. palmicola, S., 282, 
myriandrecia, S., 296. 
minutissima (Sm.), 293, 
nanodes, 8., 258. 
obfuscata, S., 196. 
Obidensis, S., 277. 
obliqua, Mont. & N.? 298. 

v. levigata, S., 299. 

v. elobulata, S., 299. 
obtusangula, S., 221. 
orbicularis, S., 285. 
ovalis, L. & G., 86. 

v. obtusata, 8., 86. 
ovata, Tayl., 165. 
paleflora, S. (T. 4), 136. 
pallescens, Mitt., 225. 
palmifolia, Nees, 188. 
pandurantha, S., 184. 


Lejunea Panurensis, S., 255. 


papillata, Mitt., 181, 182. 
papulosa, 8., 258. 
Paraénsis, 8., 224. 
parasitica, Tayl., 165. 
paratropa, S., 176. 
Pastasensis, S., 236. 
patellifera, S., 234. 
paucispina, S., 163. 
pellucida (Meissn.), 302. 
pellucidissima, S., 184. 
pentotantha, S., 238. 
Peradeniensis (Mitt.), 116. 
perpusilla, S., 289. 
Peruviana, L. & Ldbg., 151, 

v. megalostipa, 8., 152, 
phyllobola, Mont., 259. 

v. turgidnla, S., 259. 
pilifera, 8., 170. 
planiuscula, 8., 192. 
platyceras, S., 210. 
platyneura, S., 299. 
plicatiflora, S., 104. 
plumula, S., 201. 
pogonoptera, S., 128. 
polyrhiza, Nees, 196. 
polystachya, 8., 250. 
porelloides, 8., 90. 

v. longiflora, 8., 91. 

v. audina, 8., 91. 
potamophila, S. Mst., 94. 
prionoides, S., 238. 
prorepens, S., 277. 
pterobryoides, S., 109. 
pterogonia, L. & L., 216. 
pulvinata, L. et L., 263. 
pusilla, S., 291. 
quinque-umbonata, S., 230. 
ramulosa, 8., 274. 
recurvans, S., 93. 
recurvula, S., 155. 
reflexistipula, L. & L., 235. 
reniloba (G.), 106. 
renistipula, Lindenb., 218. 
replicata, 8., 302. 
rhomalea, S., 147. 
rigidula, Nees & Mont., 203. 
Kionegrensis, S., 240. 
riparia, S., 251. 
robusta, Mitt., 137. 
rotundifolia, Mitt., 239. 
roseo-alba, 8., 254. 
rufv, S., 94. 
rufo-pellucida, S., 207. 
sagittistipula, S., 304. 
Sagreeana, Mont., 120. 
seaberula, S., 159. 
Schimperi, Gottsche, 161. 
schizotis, §., 228. 


INDEX. 


Lejunea securifolia, S., 131. 


seminervis, S., 84. 
semirepanda (N.), 99. 
serpyllifolia (Dicks. ), 262. 
sétiloba, S., 281. 

siccata, §., 284. 

siliculosa (Wils.), 134. 
Sinelairii, S., 262. 
solanicola, S., 280. 
spathulistipa (Ldng.), 106. 
Spongia, 8., 234. 

spinosa, Gottsche, 211. 
spinuliflora, S., 177. 
squamata, Willd., 82. 

v. macrior, S., 83. 

v. Kunzeana, G., 83. 
stachyclada, S., 150. 
suaveolens, S., 245. 
subcrenulata, S., 245. 
subfusea, Nees ? 122. 
subrotunda, Hook., 125. 
subrufula, S., 289. 
subscariosa, 8., 300. 
subsessilis, S., 282. 
subsimplex, Mont., 226. 
subspathulata, S., 173. 
suffruticola, 8., 279. 
sulcata (N.), 98. 
sulphurea, L. & L., 217. 


%. subintegristipula, S., 217. 


Surinamensis, Mont., 149. 
teniopsis, S., 126. 
Tapajosensis, S., 223. 
Tarapotensis, S., 282. 
temnantha, S., 157. 
temnantha, S., 250. 
tenax, S., 220. 
tenuicaulis, Tayl., 113. 
tenuicuspis, S., 170. 
Theobrome, S., 99. 
torticuspis, S., 163. 
tortifolia, Mont., 304. 
torulosa (L. & L.), 117. 

v. polyphylla, S., 118. 
trachygona, S., 175. 
trifaria, N., 242. 
trigonostipa, S., 197. 
truncatula, S., 150. 
turbinifera, S., 295. 
ulicina, Tayl., 288. 
umbilicata (N.), 214. 
unciloba, Lindenb., 91. 

». intermedia, S., 92. 

». unicarinata, S., 92. 
variabilis, Lindenb., 206. 

». subserrata, S., 207. 

v. saproxylophila, S., 207. 
vincentina, Gottsche, 127, 
xiphotis, 8., 227. 


Lejeunee subgenera, 74. 

§ Holostipe, 74. 
Archilejeunea, S., 74, 88. 
Acrolejeunea, S., 74, 115. 
Anoplolejeunea, S., 75, 129. 
Brachiolejeunea, 8., 75, 129. 
Bryolejeunea, S., 74, 111. 
Dendrolejeunea, S., 74, 110. 
Dicranolejeunea, S., 75, 138. 
Homalolejeunea, S., 75, 132. 
Lopholejeunea, S., 74, 119. 
Mastigolejeunea, S., 74, 100. 
Neurolejeunea, S., 74, 84. 
Odontolejeunea, S., 75, 142. 
Omphalolejeunea, S., 74, 86. 
Peltolejeunea, S., 74, 85. 
Platylejeunea, S., 75, 124. 
Ptycholejeunea, S., 74, 97. 
Stictolejeunea, S., 74, 81. 
Thysanolejeunea, S., 74, 105. 

§ Schizostipze, 75. 
Ceratolejeunea, S., 77, 198. 
Cheilolejeunea, S., 79, 251. 
Cololejeunea, 8., 79, 291. 
Colurolejeunea, S., 80, 303. 
Crossotolejeunea, S., 75, 161. 
Diplasiolejeunea, 8., 80, 301. 
Drepanolejeunea, S., 76, 186. 
Eulejeunea, S., 79, 260. 
Euosmolejeunea, S., 78, 241. 
Harpalejeunea, S., 76, 164. 
Hygrolejeunea, S., 78, 230. 
Leptolejeunea, S., 76, 193. 
Macrolejeunea, S., 77, 224. 
Microlejeunea, S., 79, 286. 
Otigoniolejeunea, S., 77, 

226. 
Potamolejeunea, S., 78, 249. 
Prionolejeunea, S., 75, 152. 
Pyenolejeunea, 8., 78, 246. 
Strepsilejeunea, S. 76, 179. 
Taxilejeunea, S., 77, 212. 
Trachylejeunea, S., 76, 180. 

Lepicolea, Dum., 345. 

pruinosa (Tayl.), 345. 

v. equabilis (Tayl.) 346. 

Lepidozia, Dum., 357. 

amazonica, 8., 365. 
cxespitosa, S., 362. 
chetophylla, S., 365. 
cupressina (Sw.), 360. 

v. tenuicuspis, 8., 360. 
dendritica, S., 362. 
fusifera, S., 364.§ 
laxepinnata, S., 360. 
macrocolea, S., 363. 
serpens, S., 364. 
subdichotoma, S., 361. 
tenuicula, S., 363. 


585 


586 INDEX. 


Lepidozia— Mastigobryum Vincentinum, L. et L., 
J. Eulepidozia, 8., 358. 377. 
II. Microlepidozia, S8., 359. Metzgeria, Raddi, 551. 

II.* Telaranea, S., 360, 365. atrichoneura, S., 656, 
Lethocolea, Mitt., 447. bracteata, S8., 555. 
Lindigina, G., 447. claveflora, S., 556. 
Liochlena, Nees, 504. filicina, Mitt., 552. 

letevirens, S., 505. fruticola, S., 554. 
picta, S., 505. leptomitra, 8., 554. 
Lophocolea, Dum., 422. leptoneura, S., 555. 
aberrans, Lindenb. & G., 429. polytricha, 8., 553. 
blepharoptera, S., 428. tufula, S., 555. 
v. flaccida, S., 428. Micropterygium, Ldng.,N. et G., 382, 
v. cephalantha, S., 428. augustistipulum, S., 385. 
brachydonta, S., 430. leiophyllum, 8., 386. 
Canelensis, S., 429. parvistipulum, 8., 383. 
Columbica, Gottsche, 436. Pterygophyllum, (Nees), 384. 
v. angustifolia, S., 436. vulgare, N., L. et G., 384, 
coadunata (Sw.), 427. Mniopsis, Dum., 531. 
v. parallelogramma, S., _ | Monoclea, Hook., 538. 
427. Forsteri, Hook., 538. 
v. rivularis, S., 427. Myriocolea, Spruce, 305. 
connata (Sw.), 433. irrorata, S., 305 (T. xxii.). 
diaphana, S., 426. Mytilopsis, Spruce, 387. 
foliicola, S., 428. albifrons, S. (T. 14), 387. 
irrigata, S., 430. Nardia, Gray, 518. 
Liebmanniana, Gottsche, 438. callithrix, L. et G., 520, 
v. fimbriolata, 8., 439. hyalina (Lyell), 519. 
Martiana, Nees, 430. succulenta (Rich.), 520. 
v. elongata, S., 431. tortistipula, S., 521. 
». ? furcata, S., 431. I. Eunardia, 519. 
v. ? platyphylla, S., 431. II. Eucalyx, Lindberg, 519. 
v. perissodonta, 8., 432. III. Apotomanthus, S., 519, 
muricata, Nees ?, 437. Noteroclada, Tayl., 529. 
perissodonta, S. Mst., 482. leucorhiza, 8., 530. 
polycheta, S., 436. Notothylas, Sull., 577. 
pycnophylla, 8., 434. amazonica, S., 578. 
pycnorhiza, 8., 434, Odontoschisma, Dum., 400. 
tenerrima, S., 439. Omphalanthus, Ldng. et N., 86, 212. 
thrausta, S., 437. jiliformis (Sw.), Mont., 87. 
trapezoidea, Mont., 436. geminiflorus, Nees, 87. 
Madotheca, Dum., 326. leioscyphus, G., 214. 
arborea, Tayl., 332. umbilicatus, N., 214. 
brachiata, Tayl., 334. Pallavicinia, Gray, 536. 
Miilleri, G., 331. Lyellii (Hook. ), 537. 
squamulifera, Tayl., 331. Phragmicoma, Dum., 100, 115. 
Marchantia, March. fil., 558. bicolor, Nees, 131. 
chenopoda, L., 561. Bongardiana, L. et L., 135. 
plicata, N. et M.? 559. calcarata, Mont., 146. 
polymorpha, L., 560. ciliaris, Nees, 117. 
subandina, S., 561. corticalis, Mitt., 181. 
vulcanica, S. Mst., 559. excavata, Mitt., 134. 
Marchantiace, 556. Sertilis, N., 116. 
Marchesinia, Gray, 132. Guilleminiana, Mont., 134. 
Mastigobryum, Nees, 366. Hasskarliana, G., 116. 
bidens, G. et L., 371. humilis, G., 101. 
Brasiliense, N., 373. laxifolia, Tayl., 130. 
planiusculum, G. et L., 376. ligulata (L. et L.), 101. 


terctiusculuin, L. et G., 875. lunulata,v.calcarata, Mont.,146. 


INDEX. 


Phragmicoma Mackaii (Hook.), Dun., 
134. 

Peradeniensis, Mitt., 116. 

reniloba, G.? 106. 

semirepanda, N., 99. 

torulosa, L. et L., 117. 

versicolor, L. et L., 102. 
Plagiochasma, L. et L., 567. 
Plagiochila, Dum., 449. 

adiantoides (Swartz), 473. 

wv. 2 aspergillifera, S., 474. 
aerea, Tayl., 470. 

Amazonica, S., 485. 

wv. ? parviflora, S., 486. 
bursata (Desv.), 463. 

». Andina, 8., 464. 
bryopteroides, S., 499. 
calomelanos, S., 482. 
centrifuga, Tayl., 484. 
Chimborazensis, S., 469. 
Chinantlana, Gottsche, 466. 
compressula, Nees, 484. 
conspicua, Tayl., 472. 
cristata, Sw., 497. 
cultrifolia, S., 475. 
decipiens (Hook.), Ldng., 405. 
depressa, S. 496. 
dichotoma (Web.), 490. 

v. patentissima, S., 490. 

v. fiuitans, S., 490. 

». rivicola, S., 490. 
disticha, Lehm. & Lind., 495. 
distinctifolia, Lindbg., 467. 
diversifolia, Gottsche ?, 489. 
ensiformis, Tayl., 476. 
eximia, Mitt., 472. 
filicaulis, 8., 483. 
fimbristipula, S., 492. 
flabellifrons, S., 488. 
florida, S., 494. 
fragilis, Tayl. 485. 
fuscolutea, Tayl., 478. 
gymnocalycina, Lehm. & L., 469. 

v. ciliato-dentata, S., 469. 
gymnotis, S., 497. 
heteromalla, Lehm. & Lindb., 

479. 

. latifolia, S., 479. 

». densifolia, S., 479. 
homochroma, S., 482. 
hortorum, S., 482. 
hylaceetis, S. (T. xviii.), 496. 
hypantra, S., 465. 
hypnoides (Willd.), 492. 
hypnoides, Lindenb., 493. 
increscentifolia, S., 481. 
impluviata, S., 487. 
Jamesoni, Tayl., 477. 

vy. secundifolia, S., 478. 


587 


Plagiochila letevirens, Lindenb., 486. 

v. Peruviana, 8., 487. 
lamellistipula, S., 491. 
laxa, Ldng., 502. 
leptophylla, S., 475. 
longispina, L. & G., 488. 
macrifolia, Tayl., 470. 

v. angustifolia, S., 470. 

v. Taylori, 8., 470. 
macrotricha, S., 476. 

v. humilior, S., 476. 
montana, S., 487. 
Negrensis, S., 466. 
Notarisii, Mitt., 477. 
notidophila, S., 473. 
oreocharis, 8., 498. 
oresitropha, S., 467. 
oxyphylla, S., 480. 
pachyloma, Tayl., 480. 

». elatior, S., 480. 
Pacimonensis, 8., 475. 
palmuleflora, R. S. Mst., 489. 
patentissima, Lindenb., 490. 
pensilis, S., 497. 
permista, S., 481. 
Pichinchensis, Tayl., 471. 
pinnata, S., 485. 
procera, Lindenb., 471. 
rectangularis, Tayl., 486. 
rhizophila, S., 495. 
rutilans, Lindenb., 464. 

v. equatorialis, S., 465. 
Saettonii, Duby Mst.?, 482. 
simplex (Sw.), 468. 
stolonifera, L. et G., 483. 
sylvicultrix, S., 468. 
thyoides, S., 498. 
thysanotis, S., 491. 

v. megalostipa, S., 492. 

». fimbriata, 8., 492. 
Tunguraguensis, S., 464. 
venustula, S., 494. 
virens, 8., 474. 
xanthochroma, S., 489. 
zygophylla, S. (T. 17), 478. 

Pleuroschisma, Dum., 366. 

Podanthe, Tayl., 447. 

Porella, Dill., 326. 
acanthota, 8., 332. 
arborea (Tayl.), 332. 

v. megaloura, 8., 334. 

». oreopteris, S., 334. 
asperifolia, 8., 329. 
brachiata (Tayl.), 334. 
macroptera, S., 330. 
Miilleri (G.), 331. 
ptilopsis, S., 329. 
squamulifera (Tayl.), 331. 

Porellee, 325. 


588 


Protocephalozia, 8., 389. 
Pseudoneura, G., 540. 
Pteropsiella, S., 390. 

Ptilidiex, 335. 

Ptychanthus, Nees, 98. 
intermedius, G., 98. 
Javanicus, N., 98. 
Moluccensis, Sande-L., 98. 
sulcatus, N., 98. 

Radula, Dum., 314. 
amazonica, S., 321. 

v. Campauensis, §., 322 

v. Negrensis, S., 322. 
Cornucopie, S., 318. 
episcia, 8., 318. 
flaccida, L. et G.?, 320, 
Soliicola, 8., 320. 
Gottscheana, Tayl. 

317. 

involvens, S., 325. 
Jamesoni, Tayl., 323. 
pallens (Sw.), 319. 
pseudostachya, S., 319. 
pusilla, S., 320. 
ramulina, Tayl., 323. 
riparia, S., 322. 
tenella, G.2, 321. 
viridiaurea, S., 324. 

Radulex, 313. 

Riccardia, Gray, 540. 

Riccia, Mich., 570. 
amazonica, S., 571. 
crassifrons, S., 571. 
lanata, S., 570. 


(T. 


INDEX. 


11), 


Ricciacee, 569. 

Scalia, Gray, 531. 
Andina S., 532, 

Scapania, Dum., 418. 
splendida, S., 418. 

Scapanioidee, 416. 

Schisma, Dum., 340. 

Sendtnera, Nees, 340. 
equabilis, Tayl., 346, 
pensilis, Tayl., 342. 
pruinosa, Tayl., 345. 

Symphyogyna, Mont., 533. 
Brasiliensis (Nees), 534. 
Brongniartii, Mont., 534. 
Hymenophyllum (Hook.), 

536. 


leptothelia (Tayl.), 535. 
Symphyomitra, S., 503. 
glossophylla, S., 503, 
Syzygiella, S., 499. 
pectiniformis, 8., 501. 
plagiochiloides, 8., 500. 


Thysananthus, Lindenb., 100, 
1 
comosus, Lndng., 106, 107, 
108. 


convolutus, Ludng., 106. 

spathulistipus, Ludng., 106. 
Trichocolea, Dum., 347. 
Trigonanthee, S. 
Trigonanthus, 8 , 888. 
Tylimanthus, Mitt., 501. 

laxus (Lndng.), 502. 
Zoopsis, Hook. fil, 391. 


NEILL AND COMPANY, PRINTERS, EDINBURGH. 


SPECIES IN TaBuLis I.—XXII. pepicra.* 


TAB. 
Aneura ciliolata n. sp. ; ‘ : : ; XIX. 
Arachniopsis coactilis n. gen. et sp... : : : Seri, 
Pecten n. sp. : ; ; : XIII. 
Cephalozia (Protocephalozia) ephemeroides n. subg. et sp. . XV. 
(Pteropsiella) frondiformis n. subg. et sp. . : XVI. 
Cheetocolea palmata n. gen. et sp. : : ; 3 Gil 
Clasmatocolea heterostipa n. gen. et sp. : : : XX. 
Frullania bicornistipula x. sp. : ‘ : : i 
spheerocephala n. sp. ‘ : : I 
Lejeunea (Ceratolejeunea) microrheema n. sp. : : VIE: 
(Eulejeunea) inundata n. sp. var. fontinaloides : X. 
(Harpalejeunea) ancistrodes n. sp. . : “ Vi 
asprella n. sp. 2 : ; V. 
(Homalolejeunea) paleeflora n. sp. . : : RV: 
(Hygrolejeunea) devoluta n. sp... : 3 EXE 
(Odentolejeunea) cheerophylla n. sp. ; ; XXI. 
(Stictolejeunea) Kunzeana Gotts.  . : , Lae 
(Trachylejeunea) acanthina n. sp. . ; : Wak 
asperiflora nm. sp. . ‘ : VEE. 
Myniocolea irrorata n. gen. et sp. : ; : . XXII. 
Mytilopsis albifrons n. gen. et sp. ‘ F : : XIV. 
Plagiochila hylaccetis n. sp. . : : y : XVII 
zygophylla n. sp. . : : : : Danis 
Radula Gottscheana Tayl. —. : ; : ; XI. 


* To those who are familiar with the general structure of hepatice the 
figures mostly explain themselves. The abbreviated names of some of the 
organs depicted are the same as those that precede each specific description in 
the text, viz., r.=ramus ; f. =folium or folia ; f.c. =folium caulinum ; fr. = 
folium rameum ; f foliola; c.=cellule ; fl.=flos or florescentia ; inv. =in- 
volucrum; br. =bractea involucralis ; br'*=bracteola; p. or per.=perianthium ; 
cal. =calyptra ; caps. =capsula; el. =elater; sp.=spore. As the dimensions 
of the organs are given in the text, it will be seen, by comparing them with 
the corresponding figures, how much the latter are magnified. The central 
figure on each plate usually represents an entire plant the natural size ; only 
on the last two plates the unmagnified figure is at top. 


ES — 


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cals: 


Miuntern Bros imp. 


rd 


—— a lf 


ANEURA CILIOLATA 


Vantern Bros. map . 


OME VAV SNR eI OMOKG MLAS IAS MECN ME IE O Stl SVAN 


§ 
3 


GMassee adnatdel. E. Carter sc. 


4 


i 


G.Massee al natde. E Carter sc. 
; ODONTOLEJEUNEA CHA ROPHYLLA. 


4 


Mintern Bros 
i f y - 


e 
ap 
k 


5 
2 


 GMassee ad nat. del. E.Carter sc. ” 


a 


omy Ee 


- 
4 


——S 


VANCE 


5 00257 9587 


- IMAGED