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THE TRIAL

DRAGOLJUB-DRAZA
MIHAILOVIC

STENOGRAPHIC RECORD AND DOCUMENTS FROM
THE TRIAL OF DRAGOLJUB-DRAZA MIHAILOVIC

BELGRADE 1946

PUBLISHED BY THE UNION OF THE JOURNALISTS' ASSOCIATIONS

OF THE
FEDERATIVE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA

THIS RECORD OF STENOGRAPHIC MINUTES TAKEN AT
THE TRIAL OF THE TRAITORS AND WAR CRIMINALS LED
BY DRAGOLJUB-DRA2A MIHAILOVIC, CONTAINS ONLY
THOSE PARTS OF THE INDICTMENT, THE EXAMINA-
TION, EVIDENCE AND OTHER MATTER WHICH RELATE
DIRECTLY TO .THE TRAITOR MIHAILOVIC.

INTRODUCTION

On June 10, 1946, before the Military Council of the Supreme
Court of the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia began the
trial of 24 traitors and war criminals, including the leading criminal
Dragoljub-Draza Mihailovic.

The trial took place in the Summer Hall of the Infantry Train-
ing School at Topcider, and lasted till July 15, when sentence was
passed. It was attended everyi day by hundreds of men and women
from Belgrade and other parts of the country. A total of about 30.000
persons attended this trial.

The accused were tried before the Military Council of the
Supreme Court of the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia,
composed of the President, Colonel Mihailo Dordevic and the mem-
bers of the Council, Lieutenant-Colonel Milija Lakovic and Lieute-
nant Mihailo Jankovic; the secretary was Lieutenant Todor Popadic
and the assistant judges, Major Niikola Stankovic and Major Ra-
domir ///'&

The prosecution was represented by the Deputy Military Pro-
secutor of the Yugoslav Army, Colonel Milos Minic, with his assistant
Captain Milos Jovanovic.

The accused were Dragoljub-Draza Mihailovic, Dr. Stevan Mo-
Ijevtf, Dr. Mladen %ujovicf Dr. Zivko Topalovic, Duro Vilovic, Ra-
doslav-Rade Radicf Slavoljub Vranjesevic, Milos Glisic, Slobodan
Jovanovid, Bozidar Puric, Dr. Momcilo NinciC, Petar %ivkovic, Radoje
Knezevic, Dr. Milan Gavrilovit, Zivan Knezevic, Konstantin Fottf,
Dragomir-Dragi Jovanovic, Tanasije-Tasa Dini6, Velibor Jonic, Dura
Dokii, Kosta AM/cJu, Bosko Pavlovic, Dr. Lazar-Laza Markovic and
Dr. Kosta Kumanudi, The following were tried in their absence: Slo-
bodan Jovanovtt and Bozidar Puric, premiers of the emigrant govern-
ment, Petar Zivkovid, Dr. Momcilo Nincic and Dr. Milan Gavrilovic,
ministers of the emigrant government, Radoje Knezevic, minister of

the court in emigration, Komtantin Fotic ambassador of the emigrant
government to the USA, Major Zivan Knezevic, director of the mili-
tary chancellery of the presidium of the emigrant government,
Dr. Zivko Topalovic and Dr. Mladen Zujovic, political leaders of the
Ravna Cora Cetnik organization, who had fled abroad.

All the accused were represented by counsel, as follows: Dra-
goljub-Draza Mihailovic, by the barristers Nikola Donovic and
Dragic Joksimovic; Buro Vilovic, by Dr. Milan Omcikus, barrister;
Dragoljub-Dragi Jovanovic, by Slavko Dukanac, barrister; Tanasije
Dinic, by Dr. Bogoljub Jovanovic, barrister; Velibor Jonic, by- Milan
Zivadinovic, barrister*, Duro Dokic, by Dragoljub Joksimovic, bar-
rister; Dr. Lazar Markovic, by Aleksandar Nikolic, barrister; Dr. Kosla
Kumanudi, by Dr. Friedrich Pops, barrister, all of which were chosen
by the accused themselves. The other accused were defended by
counsel chosen by the Court: Radoslav Radic, by Lazar Vucetic, bar-
rister; Slavoljub Vranjesevic and Milos Glisic, by Blazo Radovic, bar-
rister; Kosta Musicki, by Dorde Ciric, barrister; Bosko Pavlovic,
Radoje Knezevic, and Dr. Milan Cavrilovic by Slobodan Subotic, bar-
rister; Dr. Mladen Zujovic and Dr. Zivko Topalovic, by Nikola Ra-
dovanovic, barrister, Slobodan Jovanovic, by Milos Terzic, barrister;
Bozidar Puric and Petar Zivkovic, by Pavle Miljakovicf barrister;
Dr. Momcilo Nincic, by David Alkalaj, barrister, and Zivan Knezevic
and Konstantin Fotic, by Dragutin Tasic, barrister.

The trial of the traitors and war criminals in Topcider was
attended by more then 100 journalists of whom about 60 were from
abroad, representatives of all big world papers and agencies. Special
correspondents were sent by the agencies TASS, CTK", PAP, Reuter,
Associated Press, Agence France Presse, United Press, Overseas News
Agency, International News Service, the Jewish News Agency, Tele-
Press, the Albanian Telegraph Agency and the newspapers: Pravda,
Izvestia, London Times, Daily Worker, New York Times, New York
Herald Tribune, News Chronicle, Daily Express and others. In order
to facilitate speedy communication for the foreign journalists, who
had come from the USSR, Bulgaria, Poland, Czechoslovakia, the
United States of America, Great Britain, France, China, Hungary,
Roumania, Denmark and other countries, a special office for telegraph
and telephone service was established at Topcider.

The entire proceedings of the trial were translated into Rus-
sian, French and English, so that the foreign correspondents were
enabled to follow directly every word of the Court and the accused.
In this way the correspondents were able to send to their agencies

and editors their reports on statements and facts which had been
heard In Court a few minutes previously.

Special correspondents of the papers of all the People's Repu-
blics of Yugoslavia were also present.

The Belgrade Radio Station transmitted the whole course of
the proceedings, so that the entire country >and the world public could
listen to every word pronounced at this stupendous trial.

Many hundreds of thousands of persons throughout Yugoslavia
listened with the greatest attention to the transmission of the Topcider
trial, in workshops, institutions, houses and squares, in all towns and
villages.

INDICTMENT

THE ACCUSED AND THEIR DEEDS

The Deputy Military Prosecutor of the Yugoslav Army, Colonel
Milos Minic, after the trial was declared open, read the following
indictment:

Military Prosecution of the Yugoslav Army, Na 711/46, May
31st 1946, Belgrade, — to the Supreme Court of the Federative
People's Republic of Yugoslavia — Military Council, Belgrade.

On the basis of Art. 46 of the Law concerning the organization
of the People's Courts and Art. 14, item 2, of the Law concerning
Criminal Acts against the People and the State, and in accordance
with Art. 7 and Art. 19 of the Law concerning the Organization and
Competence of the [Military Courts of the Yugoslav Army, I submit
to this Court the indictment of the following persons:

1. Dragoljnb-Draza Mihailovic, born April 27, 1893, at Ivanjica,
son of Mihailo and Smiljana, maiden name Petrovic, Serb, Yugoslav
citizen, married, father of two children, before the war colonel of the
former Yugoslav Army, during the occupation promoted to the rank
of army general, was minister of war in the emigrant government and
chief of staff of the Supreme HQ of the so-called Yugoslav Army in
the Fatherland — now in prison.

2. Dr. Stevan Moljevic, bora January 6, 1888, at Rudo, son of
Jovan and Mitra, maiden name Babic, married, father of two children,
obtained his degree in law in Zagreb, Serb, Yugoslav citizen, before
the war lawyer in Banja Luka, during the occupation member of
the General Staff of D. M. (Abr. for Draza Mihailovic — Translator's
note) — now abroad.

3. Mladen 2ujovic, born January 5, 1895 in Belgrade, son of*
Jevrem and Danica, before the war an assistant lawyer in Belgrade,
Serb, Yugoslav citizen, absent — now abroad.

4. Dr. Zivko Topalovic, born March 21, 1886 at Uzice, son of
Perisa and Mihava, married, lawyer in Belgrade, Serb, Yugoslav citi-
zen, absent — now abroad.

5. Duro Vilovic, born December 11, 1889 at Brela, son of Duro
and Simone, maiden name Sasic, Croat, Yugoslav citizen, obtained
his degree in philosophy and theology, by profession a writer and
journalist, during the occupation member of the Central National
Committee of D. M. organization amd President of the Committee
for Propaganda — now in prison.

6. Radoslav-Rade Radic, born in 1890 at Jasavka, Banjaluka
District, son of Novak and Stoja, maiden name Spasojevic, merchant,
married, father of three children, Serb, Yugoslav citizen, during the
occupation Cetnik commander in Bosnia and member of the Central
National Committee of D. M. organization — now in prison.

7. Slavoljub Vranjesevic, born January 10, 1905 in the village
of Kravica, Srebrnica District, son of Dusan and Danica, maiden name
Kojic, farmer Yugoslav major, married, father of one child, Serb,
Yugoslav citizen, last function commander of the D. M. organization
in Western Bosnia — now in prison.

8. Milos Glisic, born February 27, 1910 at Uzicka Pozega, son
of Stojadin and Stanka, maiden name Bogicevic, captain of the former
Yugoslav Army, Serb, Yugoslav citizen, married, father of two chil-
dren, — now in prison.

9. Slobodan Jovanovic, born November 21, 1869 in Belgrade,
son of Vladimir and Jelena, bachelor, former professor of the Bel-
grade University, during the war and the occupation vice-premier
and later prime minister of the royal Yugoslav emigrant government
and deputy -minister of war, absent — now abroad.

10. Dr. Bozidar Purid, born February 6, 1890 in Belgrade, sou
of Luka and Milica, married, former official of the ministry of
foreign affairs, during the occupation prime minister of the royal
Yugoslav emigrant government, absent — now abroad.

11. Dr* Momcilo Nincic, born May 28, 1876 at Jagodina, son
of Aron and Pole, married, father of two children, Yugoslav citizen,
during the war and occupation -minister of foreign affairs in the
royal Yugoslav emigrant government, absent — now abroad.

12. Petar 2ivkovic, born January 23, 1879 at Negotin, son of
Rako and Sava, bachelor, Serb, Yugoslav citizen. Before the war he
was an army general and during the war and occupation member of
the royal Yugoslav emigrant government, deputy supreme com-
mander of the Yugoslav Army and at one time minister of war, absent
— now abroad.

13. Radoje Knezevic, born August 20, 1901 at Stragari, son of
Lazar and Mileva, maiden name Veljkovic, married, father of two

children, Serb, Yugoslav citizen, before the war professor in Belgrade,
during the occupation minister of the emigrant court, absent — now
abroad.

14. Dr. Milan Gavrilovic, born November 23, 1882 in Belgrade,
son of Uros and Agnjica, maiden name Vasic, married, father of twd
children, Serb, Yugoslav citizen, before the war councillor of lega-
tion in retirement and ambassador, during the occupation member
of the royal Yugoslav emigrant government, absent — now abroad.

15. Xivan Knezevic, born June 15, 1906 at Vranje, son of
Lazar and Mileva, maiden name Veljkovic, married, Serb, Yugoslav
citizen, before the war major of the Yugoslav Army and during

Colonel Mihailo £>ora*evicr president of the Council, and Lieutenant-Colonels Mllija
Lakovic (left) and Mihailo Jankovic (right), members.

the occupation secretary of the war cabinet of the royal Yugoslav
emigrant government, and military attach^ to Ambassador Fotic,
absent — now abroad.

16. Konstantin Fotic, born February 17, 1891 at gabac, married,
Serb, Yugoslav citizen, before the war deputy minister and plenipo-
tentiary minister, and during the occupation ambassador of the Yugo-
slav government in Washington, absent — now abroad.

17. Dragomir-Dragi Jovanovic, born July 27, 1903 at Poza-
revac, son of Ljubomir and Vilma, maiden name Draskoci, married,
father of one child, Serb, Yugoslav citizen, before the war chief of the
Belgrade Police, and during the occupation held the same post, and
was also Mayor of Belgrade, chief of the Serbian State Security
Department and special commissioner for the town of Belgrade and
the districts of Vracar and Grocan — now in prison.

18. Tanasije-Tasa Dime, 55 years old, son of Dorde and Para-
skeva, maiden name Jovanovic , born in Nis, Serb, Yugoslav citizen,
married, no children, before the war retired infantry colonel of the
former Yugoslav Army and ex-member of Parliament, during the
occupation special commissioner for Personnel, assistant to the com-
missioner of the interior, minister of the interior and minister of
social welfare — now in prison.

19. Velibor Jonic, born February 12, 1892 in the village of
Krnjevo, Orasija District, son of Krsto and Sofija, maiden name Velj-
kovic, married, father of one child, Serb, Yugoslav citizen, before the
war professor of the Military Academy and journalist, during the
war and occupation commissioner of the Ministry of Education and
later minister of education in Nedic's government — now in prison.

20. Duro Dokic, born at Uzice in 1874, son of Lazar and Kata-
rina, maiden name Lazarevic, married, father of one child, Serb, Yugo1-
slav citizen, before the war reserve army general, and during the
occupation minister of communication in Nedic's government from
3. X. 41 till the end — now in prison.

21. Kosta Musicki, born April 7, 1897 at Slavonski Brod, son of
Milan and Jelena, maiden name Mihailovic, married, father of two'
children, Serb, Yugoslav citizen, active colonel of engineers in the
former Yugoslav Army, during the war commander of the Serbian
Voluntary Corps and as such promoted to the rank of general — now
in prison.

22. Bosko Pavlovic, born April 7, 1892 at Jajce, son of Vukasin
and Katarina, maiden name Antras, married, father of two children,
Serb, Yugoslav citizen, before the war commander of the State Police
Guards in Zagreb, during the occupation deputy commander of the
Serbian State Guards and undersecretary of state in Nedic's govern-
ment — now in prison.

23. Dr. LazaHLaza Markovic, born September 21, 1882, in Bel-
grade, .son of Petar and Stana, maiden name Petrovic, widower, father
of one child, Serb, Yugoslav citizen, former minister in retirement
— now in prison.

24. Dr. Kosta Kumanudi, bora in 1874 in Belgrade, son of Dimi-
trije and Emina, maiden name Holcer, married, father of three
children, Serb, Yugoslav citizen, former minister — now in prison,

for committing the following criminal acts:

Dragoljub-Draza Mihailovic, for committing the following cri-
minal acts:

IN THE PERIOD FROM JULY TO THE END OF NOVEMBER 1941:

I. Mihailovic organized in occupied Yugoslavia a Cetnik orga-
nization (which he called » the Yugoslav Army in the Fatherlands)
and as soon as the struggle for liberation of the peoples of Yugoslavia

Military prosecutor Colonel Milos Minic reading the indictment; Captain Milos Jova-
novic, assistant prosecutor (right)

against the invaders began, he entered into collaboration with the
Germans and Italians and their servants and used his organization to
suppress the struggle for liberation of the peoples of Yugoslavia and
to commit countless war crimes of all. kinds.

2. In August 1941, Mihailovic, although he had come to an
agreement with representatives of the Valjevo Partisan Detach-
ment that the Cetniks and Partisans would not attack each other,

treacherously made a sudden attack on a platoon of the Valjevo
Partisan Detachment in the village of Planinica (near Mionica). In
this attack Mihailovic personally commanded the CetniKS, who killed
two Partisans, wounded several and captured a few.

3. At the time of the outbreak of the people's uprising in Serbia,
when the insurgents began liberating the towns, Mihailovic secretly
made contact with the traitor Milan Nedic. At Nedic's call, on August
29, 1941, the day of the formation of Nedic's Government — Mihailo-
vic sent a delegation to Belgrade consisting of Major Aleksandar
Misic and two high ranking officers, authorized to negotiate
and conclude an agreement with Nedic about the joint struggle
for the suppression of the people's uprising in Serbia. After the nego-
tiations, which lasted from August 29 to September 5, 1941, Mihai-
lovic's Delegation concluded with Nedic the following agreement:

a) Nedic, that is Nedic's government, and Draza Mihailovic
shall collaborate in the struggle against the Partisans with the aim
of annihilating them;

b) Nedic is immediately to extend financial help to Mihailo-
vic's organization so that Mihailovic may pay salaries to the officers
and non-commissioned officers and feed his army;

c) Nedic is immediately to appoint a liaison officer who will
be constantly attached to Mihailovic;

d) Nedic is to arrange with the Germans that Mihailovic and
his Cetniks shall not be persecuted;

e) after the formation of the armed detachments of Nedic's
government, Nedic and Mihailovic shall make a joint plan of opera •
tion for the purging of Serbia of the Partisans.

On the basis of this concluded agreement ;Mihailovic's Dele-
gation received financial help from Nedic and immediately returned
to Mihailovic's Headquarters in Ravna Gora.

On the basis of this agreement and acting upon the orders of
General Dankelmann who, on being informed by Nedic about the
agreement concluded with Mihailovic, approved of this agreement,
the German units of occupation did not take any measures again'st
Mihailovic and his Cetniks.

On the basis of this agreement, Pipan, Mihailovic's liaison
officer with Nedic, in the middle of September 1941, went to Mihai-
lovic's Headquarters together with the Deputy- Commander of Nedic's
Government Lt Colonel Marko Olujevic, appointed by Nedic as
liaison officer with Mihailovic's Headquarters. Olujevic carried with
him Nedic's operational plan for the purging of Partisans from Serbia,
in which the collaboration of Nedic's and Mihailovic's detachments in

the purging operations was provided for — but Olujevic fell into the
hands of the Partisans with this plan in his possession.

In the greatest secrecy, having entered into collaboration with
the quisling Nedic, Mihailovic carried out preparations for the sup-
pression of the liberation uprising in Serbia together with the invader
and Nedic. But, in order to conceal his premeditated treason, he
assured the Partisan representatives that his Cetniks would never
attack the Partisans and that he would enter Into the struggle against
the invader, but would do so at a time which he considered favour-
able. At the same time he organized the most active propaganda
among the people to the effect that they should not rise in arms,
that the uprising wjas premature, that »it is not yet time« for an
armed fight against the invader, that the invader would annihilate
the Serbian people by reprisals. By such propaganda, Mihailovic
wanted to intimidate and demoralize the popular masses who were
rising In arms against the invader. By such propaganda, Mihailovic,
was already at that time helping the Invaders who tried by all pos-
sible means to suppress the National Liberation uprising of the Ser-
bian people.

4. Although in September 1941, the general liberation uprising
embraced the whole of Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia, Hercegovina and
Lika, and the Partisan war spread more and more throughout Yugo-
slavia and some of Mihailpvic's detachments In Serbia began to join
the Partisans in the fight against the German invaders, In spite of
the fact that he had forbidden them to do so, yet even in suqh a
situation, he continued in the greatest secrecy to prepare for a general
attack against the Partisans and while working on this:

he took into his command a large number of Kosta Peca-
nac's commanders, who had openly entered the service of the Ger-
mans, as for example Budimir Cerski, Jovan Skava, Nikola Kalabic,.
Boza Javorac and others.

In September 1941 he issued orders to his commanders Miios
Glisic and V-ucko Ignjatovic to attack the Partisans in the liberated
town of Pozega and occupy it.

He permitted his officers Glisic and Ignjatovic and their detach-
ments at Pozega to disarm the Partisan couriers and smaller Part-
tisan groups, to stop trains running from Cacak to Uzice with
supplies of wheat to feed the population, and other transports
of arms and ammunition which were being sent from Uzice to the
front for the fighters who were waging fierce battles against the
Germans, to remove from a train the Commander of the First
Sumadija Partisan Detachment Milan Blagojevic, who was returning

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Fascimile of the report of the Cetnik commander, Zvonimlr Vuckovic, on the attack
" against the Partisans at Gornji Milanovac, November, 1941.

from Uzice to the front near Rudnik, and after cruel torture to kill
him — and he did not undertake any measures against Glisic and
Ignjatovic.

He allowed the Cetniks from around Kosjeric to attack
lorries transporting 150.000 rounds of ammunition from the
Uzice ammunition factory to the fighters who, in fierce battles,

were checking the penetration of German forces from Obrenovac
towards Valjevo through Posavina and Tamnava, in the first phase
of the First Enemy Offensive, and to the fighters who were holding
the blockade of Valjevo in sanguinary battles against the strong
German garrison of that town.

Since he could not prevent the liberation uprising in Serbia,
and fearing that he would remain completely atone and deserted
by^ the whole people, on October 26, 1941 Mihailovic concluded an
agrement with the Commander of the National Liberation Partisan
Detachments of Yugoslavia, Tito, regarding the joint struggle of the
Cetniks and Partisans against the invaders and their servants. But after
concluding this agreement he continued to prepare secretly a general
attack against the Partisans with the object of annihilating them,
and thus making impossible any struggle for the liberation of the
peoples of Yugoslavia.

Shortly after arrival at his headquarters of Major Zaharije
Ostojic and Mirko Lalatovic from abroad senjt by the emigrant
government and the Supreme Co-mrna-nd, and of the British
Captain Hudson sent from Cairo, Mihailovic issued an order on No-
vember 1, 1941, to the commanders of all his detachments to with-
draw all their units from the fronts facing the Germans and to launch
a general attack against the Partisans. Thus he violated the agre-
ement made with Tito which he had signed five days earlier. Miha-
ilovic issued this order after having already carried out the necessary
preparations for a general attack against the Partisans, and also in
accordance with the message which Hudson conveyed to him from
his (Hudson's) superiors and which read: >that Yugoslavs are to fight
for Yugoslavia and not transform the fight into a rebellion of com-
munists on behalf of Soviet Russian.

In accordance with Mihailovic'-s orders, all his detachments in
Serbia withdrew from the front facing the Germans, thus leaving the
road open to the German forces for their penetration into liberated
territory, and launched a general attack against the Partisans, as
follows. •

On the night between November 1st a<nd 2nd the Cetniks,
under the command of Glisic and Ignjatovic, attacked at Uzice the
positions called Tresnjica (only a few kilometers from Uzice), but
after heavy fighting they were beaten and then after a counter-attack
bj^ the Partisans they were driven out of Pozega.

On the night between November 1st and 2nd, Boza »Javorac>
(who had placed himself under the command of Glisic and Ignjatovic)

suddenly attacked Ivanjica, but after heavy fighting was routed and
put to flight by the Partisans.

On November 6 the Cetnik forces, who a few days earlier had
withdrawn from the front near Valjevo, thus opening the way to the
Germans into the liberated territory, made a sudden treacherous
attack first on the Partisan tank unit and artillery, which consisted of
tanks and guns seized from the Germans, destroying the tank
and artillery crew, and then attacked Cacak from all sides, but after
bitter fighting they were routed and withdrew in scattered groups
towards Ravna Gora, closely pursued by the Partisans and deserted
by an enormous number of their fighters;

The Cetnik detachment of Captain Racic launched another
attack on Uzice, but on the Crnokos position it was quickly smashed,
and fled in scattered groups towards Ravna Gora, deserted also by
a large number of its fighters.

The Cetnik detachment of Captain Nesko Ne-dic and Lt. Voja
Popovic attacked the Kolu'ba-ra Partisan battalion on the positions
of Bacevci — Krcmar — Prijezdic — Zarubi — Ravni (near Valjevo). This
battalion had been waging sanguinary battles for two monts in this
position against the Germans who tried to penetrate with strong
forces from Valjevo towards Uzice into the liberated territory; these
Cetnik forces were also routed after several days fighting.

In all other parts of Serbia also, wherever there were Cetnik
detachments, the Cetniks attacked the Partisan units, with the excep-
tion of the Cetnik Detachment of Father Vlada Zecevic and Lt.
Martitiovic, who abandoned Mihailovic and continued to fight
together with the Partisans against the invader.

The general attack of Mihailovic's Cetniks on the Partisans
was soon completely smashed. After the failure of the Cetnik attack
against the Partisans, Mihailovic continued the fight against the Par-
tisans, encouraged by the radio broadcasts of the Yugoslav emigrant
government which, even during the general Cetnik attack against the
Partisans, announced that Mihailovic was the only authorized repre-
sentative of the King and the emigrant government in the occupied
country and that all fighting forces should place themselves under his
command. When the situation became serious for him, when the
rapid deterioration of his detachments ensued, Mihailovic, by the
unanimous decision of his entire staff, went with his officers, Major
Aleksandar Misic, Colonel Branislav Pantic and Captain Nenad Mitro-
vid, to the village of Divci (10 km. from Valjevo) and at an inn
met representatives of jthe Germans: Chief of Staff of the
German Military Commander for Serbia, the Gestapo officer Cap-

tain Dr. Matel and several other high-ranking German officers. The
meeting was held in the greatest secrecy ' under the protection of
German armoured cars and a large number of German soldiers,
Through the British Intelligence Service Mihailovic informed the
emigrant government by radiogram of this meeting both before and
after the meeting was held.

5. On the same night, between November 13 and; 14, after this
meeting with the Germans, by Mihailovic's orders, his commander
Jovan Skava handed over some 365 Partisans to the Germans in the
village of Slovac (5 km. from Dived). These Partisans were captured
by the Cetniks by a ruse an the course of fighiting on various fronts,
and from Ravna Gora, where they were concentrated, they were trans-
ferred to the village of Mionica on November 13 and handed over to
Jovan Skava, Several days later, after being handed over to the Ger-

Draza Mihailovic on the prisoner's bench bows under the weight of his crimes as
they are being proved in the court,

mans, all these Partisans were shot, with the exception of 30 of them
who survived, after spending a long time in concentration camps.
6. Although on November -.20, 1941, an ' agreement ' regarding
a truce between the Partisans and the Cetniks was concluded by
Mihailovic's authorized representatives and the representatives of the
Supreme Headquarters of the Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia,

and although Mihailovic bound himself by this agreement to con-
tinue the fight against the invader in collaboration with the Partisans,
three days later, on November 23, 1941, when the second and main
phase of the First Offensive of German invaders against the liberated
territory had begun from Kraljevo— Kragujevac— Rudnik— Valjevo—
Ljubovija in the direction of Uzice, Mihailovic, after having- 'again
broken the agreement concluded with the Supreme Headquarters of
the Partisan Detachments, rejected the call of Tito to enter the fight
against the German forces which were penetrating into the liberated
territory, and issued an order to all his commanders that nowhere
and under no conditions were they to enter the fight against the
invader units which were attacking the liberated territory.

THE PERIOD FROM DECEMBER 1941 TO THE END OF
NOVEMBER 1942.

7, After the end of the First Offensive of the German invad-
ers, m the course of which superior German forces, with the
help of Nedic's and Ljoitic's detachments, succeeded in re- occupying
the liberated territory in Serbia, and forced the bulk of the Partisan
forces with the Supreme Headquarters of the Partisan Detachments
of Yugoslavia to withdraw towards San-dzak, a large number of
Mihaiiowc's commanders of detachments, after receiving instructions
from Mihailovic at a conference of commanders held at Ravna Gora
on November 30, 1941, went each to his own terrain and, acting
on instructions, »legalized« themselves with the invader. That is., they
entered publicly and openly into the service of the Germans, and
during the whole of 1942 participated together with the Germans and
Nedic'-s and Ljotic's detachments in numerous -battles against the
Partisan, -detachments, which had remained in Serbia after the with-
drawal of the bulk of the Partisan forces. These Mihailovic's »lega-
lized« detachments were armed, fed and clothed by the Germans, and
were used under their command in the operations against the Par-
tisans and also utilized as police forces, with the help of which tens
of thousands of arrests were made of Serb patriots who helped the
Partisans in the general people's uprising, and in addition to this",
these detachments committed mass murders of Partisan sympathizers.
Thus, the following Mihailovic commanders with their detachments
>IegaMzed« themselves: U. Predrag Rakovic at Cacak, Glisic and
Ignjatovic at Pozega, Pantelic at Loznica, 2ivan Lazovic in the Bel-
grade District, Captain Borivoje Rajkovic and Captain Mladenovic

at Kosjeric, Captain Mi tic, Matic, Budimir Cerski, Jovan Skava, Masan
Burovic and others.

Although these Mihailovic commanders and detachments by
^legalizing* themselves with the invader, came under Nedic's com-
mand, they continued to recognize Mihailovic's command and more
or less secretly were in constant touch with him, receiving and exe-
cuting his orders for the annihilation of the Partisans, submitting
reports on their work to him and receiving from him approval of
their actions.

Apart from the »legalized« detachments, Mihailovic had
several detachments in Serbia which did not openly place themselves
under the command of Nedic and the Germans, bui received arms
and ammunition from the Germans more or less secretly and openly
participated 'with the Germans, Nedic's and Ljotic's detachments and
Mihailovic's »legalized« detachments in fights against the Partisans.
These detachments handed over captured Partisans and arrested sym-
pathizers to the Germans, and together with the invader and his ser-
vants took part in the execution of numerous crimes against the civil
population in Serbia. Thus, for instance, in the fights against the Par-
tisans Mihailovic's comanders Captain Nesko Nedic and Lt. Voja Po-
povic participated in fighting around Valjevo during the winter
1941/42. Mihailovi-c was also constantly in touch with these detach-
ments, h6 gave orders to thern^ received reports from (them and ap-
proved their action.

It this period Mihailovic established connections with a large
number of Nedic's offkers who commanded the armed detach-
ments of Nedic's government, placed those officers under his com-
mand, and issued orders and instructions to them, received reports
from them and approved their work, although they still remained
under Nedic's command. Thus for instance Lt. Colonel Milan Kalabic
and Captain Radovan Stojanovic, who during the winter 1941/42 took
part in the operation against the Valjevo group of Partisan detach-
ments and in the Spring 1942 against the Po^arevac Partisan detach-
ments, placed themselves under Mihailovic's command.

Thus all Mihailovic's officers and detachments in Serbia in this
period, .acting upon his instructions and orders, openly entered the
service of the invader in the struggle against the National Liberation
Partisan Detachments and the National Liberation Movement in gene-
ral, except a very small number of his officers who, together with him,
m order not to get compromised as traitors, moved about, more or
less secretly, under the protection of his ^legalized* or »semi-lega-
lized« units and Nedic's detachments, which had also placed them-
selves under his command.

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Report of the Cetnik general staff officer Ivanisevic from Split on the cooperation of
the Cetnik commander Ilija Trifunovic-BircanJn with the Italians.

8. In December 1941, Mihailovic sent his officers Milivoje Ne-
deljkovic and Perhinek to Montenegro, with the task of establishing
contact -with the Cetnik commanders in Montenegro and Sa(ndz-ak,
that is, with General Blazo Dukanovic, Colonel Bajo Stanisic, Major
Dorde Lasic and Captain Pavle Doirisic, and to deliver to them his
instructions for fighting against the Partisans. Towards the end of
1941, these Cetnik commanders, organized their detachments with the
full help of the Italian invaders, and together with them participated

in the fighting: against the Partisans, receiving arms, food and pay
from the Italians.

In Sandzak towards the end of 1941, Mihailovic succeeded in
placing Sandzak Cetnik Detachments under his command. These, like
the Cetnik detachments in Montenegro, had openly entered the
service of the Italians and taken part in the fights against the Parti*
sans as early as November 1941.

In the winter of 1942, Mihailovic, in his radiograms dispatched
to the Cetnik commanders in Montenegro and Sandzak, announced his
approval of their action and gave them instructions to intensify the
struggle against the Partisans and to use »discretion« with the Ita-
lians, i. e., to cooperate with the Italian invaders in the struggle
against the Partisans.

9. In the autumn of 1941, Mihailovic sent to Bosnia and Herce-
govina his officers Major Bosko Todorovic, Lt. Mutimir Petkovic,
Captain Sergije Mihailovic, Lt. Momcilovic and others, not counting
Gendarmerie Major Jezdimir Dangic, whom he had already sent to
Eeast Bo-snia at the time of the uprising in Serbia.

Mihailovic appointed Major Bosko Todorovic commander of
East Bosnia and Hercegovina. Acting on Mihailovic's instructions and
orders, Major Bosko Todorovic entered into negotiations with the
Italian invader in Hercegovina in December 1941 through Captain
Mutimir Petkovic, the journallist Milan Santic and Dobrosav Jevdevic;
and in January 1942 Bosko Todorovic, Dobrosav Jevdevic and Muti-
mir Petkovic met with the OVRA (Organizzazkme volantaria repres-
siane antifascista) Captain Demateis, and concluded a written agree-
ment concerning the collaboration of Mihailovic's Cetniks and Ita-
lian invaders in the struggle against the Partisans.

Acting upon Mihailovic's instructions arid orders, his officers in
East Bosnia quickly succeeded in making an end to the cooperation
between the Cetniks and the Partisans in the struggle against the
invader and the Ustasas, and when the German punitive expedition
penetrated into East Bosnia in January 1942, Major Dangic ordered
all his detachments to withdraw from the fronts, thus opening the
way to the German punitive expedition and enabling it to penetrate
quickly into East Bosnia and inflict unexpected heavy blows upon
the Partisan Detachments; shortly after, he established contact with
the Gestapo Captain Dr. Matel at Banja Koviljaca, and immediately
after the meeting with that Gestapo 'representative, left for Belgrade
with the knowledge and approval of Mihailovic, in order to ask help
from Nedic and the Germans for the struggle against the Partisans
in East Bosnia.

The local Cetnik commanders In East Bosnia: Father Savo
Bozic, Cvjetin To did and others who put themselves under the com-
mand of Mihailovic's officer Captain Racic, who in December 1941,
had crossed into East Bosnia, concluded agreements with the Ustasa
authorities concerning collaboration, with the aim of annihilating the
Partisans, and together with the Ustasas fought against the Partisan
detachments an East Bosnia.

10. In the winter of 1942, Mihailovic's officer Bosko Todorovid
established contact through Radmilo Grdic, one of the leaders of the
Hercegovina Cetniks, with Ilija Trifunovic, called Bircanin, who orga-
nized the Ceitnik Detachments in South West Bosnia and Lika in the
closest collarobation with the Italian invaders, and who lived entirely
legally with his staff and worked at Split protected by the Italian
Carabinieri.

1.. At this time Mihailovic sent his officer Major Novak to
Slovenia. In close collaboration with the invaders and the quisling
»White Guard«, he organized the Slovene Cetniks -known under the
name of »Biue Guard«. Small in number, Mihailovic's units in Slove-
nia, under the command of Major Novak, openly collarobated with
the invaders and the Slovene quisling »White Guard*.

Having established contact in December 1941 and during the
first months of 1942 with almost all the Cetnik detachments in Serbia,
Bosnia, Sandzak, Montenegro, Hercegovina, Dalmatia, Lika and Slo-
venia, and after having put all these Cetnik detachments under his
command, although all of them openly collaborated with the German
and the Italian invaders and quisling forces of Nedic, Ljotic, Pavelic
and the Slovene »White Guard«, Mihailovic, at the peak of the Third
Offensive of the invader against the bulk of the Partisans forces in
Montenegro and Sandzak, left Serbia, and in May 1942 arrived on
Mount Zlatar in Sandzak, where he summoned the members of his
Supreme Command Major Ostojic and Major Lalatovic. On Zlatar
he was met by his officer Petar Bacovic with about 300 Cetniks from
East Bosnia.

Before his arrival on Zlatar, Major Ostojic, Chief of the oper-
ative, organization and intelligence department of Mihailovic's
Supreme Command, commanded all the Cetnik' forces which in the
Third Offensive of the invaders, together with the Italians, the Ger-
mans, and the Ustasas, participated in the battles against the Partisan
forces in Montenegro,, Sandzak and East Bosnia. After his arrival
on Zlatar, Mihailovic took over the command of the Cetnik forces,
endeavouring to bring about the annihilation of the bulk of the Par-
tisan forces. In the course of the operations Mihailovic was only a
few kilometres away from the sector of the front on the river Lim.

On this sector, the following Mihailovic forces fought against
the Partisans: the detachments of Vucko Ignjatovic and Miles Glisic:
from Serbia, of Petar Bacovic from East Bosnia, parts of the
detachment of Pavle Burisic from one part of Montenegro and one
part of Sandzak, »legalized« detachments of Captain Nikola Bojovid,
Vuk Kalaitovic, »vojvoda« Iraca and Rade Korda. Cetnik detachments
were helped in their operation by the artillery of the Italian units
which were in Plevlje, Prijepolje, Bijelo Polje and Priboj, while the
detachments of Glisic and Ignjatovic were supplied with arms,
ammunition, food and money by Nedic and the German invaders.
At Mihailovic's order all the detachments were placed under the
command of Milos Glisic, who was promoted commander of the Corps
by Mihailovic and commander of the Sandzak Cetnik detachment
by Nedic.

On the second sector of the front, on Mount Sinjajevina,
Mihailovic's detachments of Dorde Lasic, Pavle Durisic, Ivan Ruzlc
and -some Cetnik forces from Serbia participated in this offensive.
These forces of Mihailovic were supplied with food, arms, ammuni-
tion, mortars and helped in their operations with artillery by the
Italians.

On the third sector of the front in this offensive, Mihailovic's
detachments fought under the command of Bajo Stanisic, Jakov
Jovovic and Sima Mijuskovic (all of whom were under the command
of General Dukanovic, whose staff was with the Italian staff at
Cetinje). On this sector of the front Mihailovic's Cetniks on both
parts of the sector (Niksic— Golij a and Niksic— Savnik) were mixed
with Italian forces and they received pay from the Italians amount-
ing to 15 lire daily for each Cetnik as well as special rewards in money
or flour for every Partisan killed, and in addition to this, the Italians
supplied them with arms, ammunition and food, and helped in operat-
ions with their artillery, and treated wounded Cetniks in Italian
hospitals.

All the Cetnik detachments in the course of the Third Offensive
were being transported from position to position on Italian lorries
and the Cetnik commanders travelled from town to town in Italian

limousines.

In the middle of June 1942, pushing the Partisansjowards Bo-
snia, the forces of Bajo Stanisic and the Italians met with the Cetnik
forces of Father Perisic from Hercegovina and with Italian forces
from Gacko, and after the battle at Orlovac and at Gacko in July 1942,
they succeeded in driving the bulk% of the Partisan forces out of
Montenegro.

In the middle of July 1942, Mihailovic issued an order to Petar
Bacovic to attack Curevo (frontier of Bosnia and Sandzak) where
the main Partisan hospital with a great number of wounded was
situated. Bacovic was instructed to do this with all !the Cetnik forces
which he commanded, and they were supplied with Italian arms, am-
munition and food. Following this order, Cetnik detachments with
superior forces attacked Curevo and after bitter fighting captured it.
Thus Mihailovic personally issued an order for operations against the
Partisans. With this operation ended the Third Offensive of the inva-
der and the Cetniks, in the course of which the bulk of the Partisan
forces, during heavy fighting against the overwhelmingly superior
enemy, were forced to leave the liberated territory of Montenegro
and Sandzak, where the Italian invaders reestablished their authority
and gave Mihailovic's Cetniks full liberty of organization and action.

All the Cetnik detachments which together with the Italians
participated in the Third Offensive against the Partisans, collaborated
with the Italian invaders in obedience to the instructions and orders
of the accused Mihailovic.

When towards the end of the Third Offensive the Cetnik forces
from the sector of the front on the Lim river broke through to the
line Tara — Drina, there broke out betwen the Italians and the Cetniks
on the one side, and the Germans and the Ustasas on the other, a di-
spute as to who should hold Foca; in order that Foca might come
under the Italian occupation zone, in which the Cetniks enjoyed full
assistance from the Italians, Mihailovic ordered Pavle Durisic to go to
Cetinje and intervene with the Italians to insist that Foca come under
the Italian zone of occupation and under the Cetniks, and he ordered
his officer Glisic to go to Belgrade and ask Nedic to persuade the
Germans to cede Foca and order the Ustasas to withdraw from it.

Miihailovic's officer Petar Bacovic tried to take Fo£a by an
attack against the Ustasas who were there and thus solve the dispute
which had arisen. At the very beginning of the attack, however, Ba-
covic received an order from the Commander of the Italian division
»Pusteria« to retreat immediately from the line Vikoc — Hum; Ba-
covic immediately executed this order and according to the order of
the Italian commander of the division, released a certain number of
captured Ustasas, after having taken written statements from them
that they had been well treated and that all their arms had been
returned to them; he later sent these statements to the commander
of the ,,Pusteria" division and to Mihaikwlc.

12. In the course of the final and fiercest battles in the Third
offensive, Mihailovic reached the vicinity of Sahovici in Montenegro,

and then went over to Mojkovac, and on June 10 arrived in the
village Podgora under the mountain Durmitor in the vicinity of 2a-
bljak where the Italian units were stationed.

On July 13, 1942, Mihailovic went from the village Podgora
to Zimonj'ica Kula (Avtovac) in Herzegovina and there held a meeting
with the commanders and leaders of his detachments: Ilija Trifunovic,
called Bircanin, Petar Bacovic, Dobrosav Jevdevic, Pavle Ehirisic,
Father Perisic, Milorad Popovic, Captain Ivanisevic, Milan Santic, and

Mihaifovic's commanders with ihe invader (from left to right): 1.) Colonel Lucic,
2) Major Dangic, formerly of the Yugoslav Army, Cefnik commander, cooperaior with
ihe Germans and Nedic men, 3) Ilija Trifunovic-Bircanin, Mihailovic's commander for
Dalmatia, 4) Milorad Ljanovski, 5) Daka Tesanovic, Cetntk commander, and 6) Lieutenant
Ignjatovic. A German officer is shown by a cross.

Zaharije Ostojic. At this meeting Mihailovic apointed Bircanin Com-
mander of Dalmatia, Lika and West Bosnia and Captain Ivanisevic
Chief of Bircanin's 'Staff, also, Petar Bacovic commander of Herce-
govina and East Bosnia, Pavle Durisic commander of Montenegro up
to Niksic, Bajo Stanisic commander of Old Montenegro, and placed
Durisic and Stanisic under the command of General Blazo Dukanovic,
whom he had already appointed Commander of Montenegro. Mihai-
lovic knew that all these comanders of his had entered openly and pu-

blicly the service of the Italian invaders together with ail the detach-
ments which were under their command and that they had fought with
the Italian invaders against the Partisans.

At the meeting Mihailovic gave instructions to his commanders
both regarding the organization of the further fight against the
Partisans with the aim of annihilating them, and regarding coordina-
tion of their actions with the operations of the Italian invaders, orde-
ring them, as he put it, to »exploit« the Italian invaders in the fight
against the Partisans as much as possible.

On his return from Avtovac to Krs, Mihailovic met Colonel
Bajo Stanisic, whorft he had appointed Commander of Old Monte-
negro, who already on March 6, 1942, concluded with »il cokmello
capo di stato maggiwe signor Zeglioni,« a written agreement on
collaboration with the object of annihilating the Partisans. On
reaching Krs (about 14 km. from 2abljak), Mihailovic settled down
with his General Staff and radio stations not far from the village
Njegobude (2 km. from Krs) where the Headquarters of the Italian
division with units were situated. A short while after, he moved to
the village of Gornje Lipovo (7 km. from Kolasin) where were the
Italians and his Cetniks; his Headquarters remained at this village
all the time until his return to Serbia. At that time Hudson, now
major of the British Army, sent a request to Mihailovic to, as
he put it, "meet with Captain Burisic and Captain Stanisic and the
other leaders who so successfully fought against the communists
and liberated their country from them" ... so that "it would be
as beneficial as possible for your (i. e. Draza's — Prosecutor's
note) organization" . . . and "in what way your cause could best be
helped" (Mihailovic's cause — Prosecutor's note).

At the end of the Third Offensive when the Partisans, after
bitter fighting, left Sinjajevina, Mihailovic began to receive through
the emigrant Yugoslav government from abroad, assistance in arms,
ammunition, clothing, food, as well as in gold and paper money in
enormous quantities. He distributed all this material and money
to the commanders of his detachments who were anyway abundantly
supplied by the Italian invaders and who used the arms received
from the Italian invaders, or obtained from abroad through the
• emigrant Yugoslav government, exclusively in the fighting against
the Partisans in which they collaborated with the Italians.

13. On August 28, 1942, Mihailovic ordered his commanders
of East Bosnia, Hercegovina, Dalmatia, Lika and South West Bosnia
to launch an attack on the liberated Partisan territory in West Bosnia.
The plan for these operations was made by Petar Bacovic and Ilija

Trifunovic-Bircanin, with the assistance of Dobrosav Jevdevic, (who
from the beginning of 1942 till the capitulation of Italy, was the link
between Mihailovic and the commanders of the Italian occupation
units and organizer of the collaboration between the Cetniks" and the
Italians). After deciding upon a plan, Bircanin and Jevdevic met with

Cetniks handing over Mileta Okiljevtc, a Partisan whom they have taken prisoner,
to the Germans in Montenegro.

the command of the Italian units in order to work out a joint plan
for these operations; and together with the Italian officers they drew
up a plan according to which the operation was to be carried out
jointly by Cetndk and Italian units. This plan was carried out only in
October 1942. In these operations the forces of Mihailovic's comman-
ders Bacovic, Trifunovic, Father Dujic and others took part. The

units attacking from Hercegovina in the direction of Prozor — Bu-
gojno, were commanded jointly by Cetnik commanders and the
Italian lieutenant Vidiak. In the course of the operations and at
their termination Mihailovic regularly received reports from Bacovic,
Jevdevic and Bircanin and from these reports he knew of the colla-
boration of his units with the Italian invaders in the operations
(against the Partisans, and he gave his approval of such work of his
commanders, since in doing so they were only carrying out his in-
structions.

14. In the spring of 1942, through his officer Captain Racic
(who was on Mount Majevica with the Cetnik commander Father
Sava Bozic), Mihailovic placed under his command all the Cetnik de-
tachments in West Bosnia which were . united under the command
of Radoslav-Rade Radic. These Cetnik detachments concluded written
agreements with the Ustasas and Germans concerning the joint
struggle against the Partisans, as early as the spring of 1942, and
together with the Germans and Ustasas participated in the operations
against the Partisan forces, receiving arms and ammunition from
the Germans and Ustasas. Mihailovic was informed of all this through
Captain Racic, he approved of the action of Rade Radic and his
commanders, and in August 1942 he sent one of his officers to
Rade Radio's Headquarters, Major Slavoljuib Vranjesevic. In February
1942, when this officer left the command of Nedic's Gendarmerie in
Belgrade where he had been on duty up to that time, he placed
himself at Mihailovic's disposal and w<as appointed by Mihailovic as
Dangic's chief of staff and then as Botic's (Mihailovic'-s commander
in East Bosnia). Mihailovic appointed Vranjesevic as chief of staff
to Rade Radic and from that 'time he regularly received reports from
Vranjesevic through couriers and by radiograms, and sent him
orders for the operation against the Partisans, while fully aware of
the fact that Vracijesevic and Rade Radic and all their subordinate
commanders (Drenovic, Tesanovic, Misic and others) had openly col-
laborated with the Germans and Ustasas at Banja Luka in all the
operations against the Partisans.

15. With Mihailovic's knowledge and approval his commander
Pavle Durisic met, in early November 1942, at Kolasin, the Italian
Governor of Montenegro, Army General Alessandro Pirzio Biroli,
who with several other Italian generals was visiting Montenegro so
as to convince himself personally whether the Cetniks were every-
where loyal to the Italian invaders. Durisic organized a pompous
reception for Pirao Bdroli and before a solemn gathering greeted
him in a servile speech, and on November 7, 1942, informed Mihai-

lovic about it in a letter enclosing the text of his speech. He also
informed Mihailovic by letter that Pirzio Biroli knew that Mi-
hailovic's Supreme Command was in the village of Gornje Lipovo
and that Biroli had told him that the Italian units would hold ma-
noeuvres around Kolasin, but that they would not go further than
Donje Lipovo, and Durisic therefore assured Mihailovic that he should
fear nothing, that there was no danger, that the Supreme Command
could remain where it was, that all the radio stations could continue
their wonk unhindered and that he — Durisic — would be with the
Italian units which would hold manoeuvres in the direction of Gornje
Lipovo (where Mihailovic and his Supreme Command were situated).

THE PERIOD FROM DECEMBER 1942 TO THE END OF 1943

16. Mihailovic, as Commander in Chief, directed the opera-
tions of all Cetnik units from Montenegro, Sandzak, Hercegovina,
Bosnia, Dalmatia and Lika, which collaborated openly with the
Italians, Germans and Ustasas in the Fourth Offensive of the invader
against the forces of the Army of National Liberation, which lasted
from January 15 till the middle of April 1943.

Hitler himself ordered the Fourth Offensive and also outlined
the plan for the operations. By carrying out the Fourth Offensive,
Hitler wanted to annihilate the forces of the National Army and
in that way to consolidate Pavelic's Independent State of Croatia,
and later on, after the annihilation of the National Liberation
Army forces, to withdraw all the German divisions to the Eastern
Front, to mobilize manpower in Croatia and send it to Germany,
and also to create the possibility of sending Pavelic's troops to the
Eastern Front.

The plan of the Fourth Offensive was worked out at the
meeting of Hitler, Colonel-General Lohr and Pavelic, held in No-
vember 1942 at Hitler's Headquarters at Vinitza.

In December 1942 negotiations were carried on between the
Italian and German General Staff regarding the coordination of the
operations of the German and Italian units in the Fourth Offensive,
On January 3, 1943 a meeting was held in Rome between Colonel-
General Lohr, one of Pavelic's generals, the Italian generals Roata,
Robotti and Cavallero in the presence of Mussolini, and at this
meeting the plan for the Fourth Offensive was definitely settled.

For the operations in the first phase of the Fourth Offensive it
was decided to use the following German divisions: 7SS »Prinz
Eugen«, the 369- infantry division, the 717 Jager division, and the 718
reserve division. The Italian divisions: »Lombardia«, »Re«, and

»Sassari« were also to be used and two Ustasa brigades. The dispo-
sition of forces was: the 7SS »Pring Eugen« division on the Karlovac
sector, the 369th division together with two Ustasa brigades on the
Sisak— Sunja— Kostajnica sector, the 717th on the Sanski Most sector,
and the 718th (in reserve) in the neighbourhood of Zagreb; the »Lom-
bardia« division on the Ogulin sector, the »Re» division on the Vr-
hovine — Gospic — Lovinac sector, the »Sassari« division on the Gracac
— Knin sector. According to the plan all these forces were to surround
the National Liberation Army forces on the Bihac — Bosanski Pe-
trovac line and then tighten the ring until the annihilation of the
forces of the National Liberation Army was complete.

Simultaneously with the preparations made by the Germans
and Italians, Mihailovic was concentrating his units to attack the forces
of the National Liberation Army in West Bosnia.

IdTAI

MECTA

flAPAHffl

Aimnffwra ^

<W naprasana otnoi 4a

C I@P@M y Bora^a lipasa a

A communication from the Staff of the Paracin Cetnik detachment concerning their
returning fwo Germans who had been taken prisoners by the Partisans.

On January 2, 1943, he issued instruction No. 1 in which he
defined the positions of the units at the commencement of operations
as follows: the 1st Corps, 2000 strong under the comand of Major
Bjelajac in the environs of Otocac, the 2nd Corps numbering 2000
tinder the command of Father Dujic in the locality of Gracac, the
3rd Corps under the command of Major Bacovic, numbering 3000,
in the locality of Knin, the 2nd Kosovo Brigade, 600 strong, under
the command of Novak Mijovic, in the locality of Drnis, the 4th Co-rps

under the command of Colonel Bajo Stanisic, 300 strong, In the area
Donja Jablanica— Rama, the 5th Corps, 3000 strong, under the
command of Captain Bora Mitranovic, In the area Kljuc and Manjaca.
In addition Mihailovic provided a reserve numbering 4 — 5000 men
under the command of Pavle Durisic for this operation. To direct the
operations Mihailovic formed an Advance Section of his General Staff
headed by Major Zaharije Ostojic, the chief of the operative, organi-
zational and intelligence sections of his General Staff. For liaison with
the command of the Italian units at Susak, Mihailovic delegated Do-
brosav Jevdevic, whom he sent to Susak with the task of offering the
Italians participation of Mihailovic's forces in the Fourth Offensive,
Mihailovic sent Pavle Durisic to Cetinje to ask arms and ammunition
from the Italians and transport facilities for his troops.

Mihailo'Vic'is delegate Dobrosav Jevdevic, in negotiating with
the Italians, succeeded in obtaining consent from the Italian General
.Staff and Mussolini for the participation of Mihailovic's Cetniks in
the Fourth Offensive with the Italian forces.

When in the first phase of the Fourth Offensive heavy fighting
took place between the National Liberation Army forces and the
German, Italian and Ustasa units, beginning on January 15 and
lasting for three weeks, Mihailovic's Cetniks, according to his orders,
participated in the operations mixed with the Italian troops and
supplied by Italians with arms, ammunition and food. In the first
phase of the Fourth Offensive Mihailovic's forces operated from
Otocac, Gracac and Knin. The Cetnik columns attacked together
with the Italian columns from Ogulin In the direction of Slunj, from
VrhO'Vine In the direction of Bihac — Slunj communications, from Pe-
rusic in the direction of Koremca, from Lovinac tin the direction of
Udbine and from Gracac in the direction of Donji Lapac and Srb,
while the Cetnik forces, under the command of Bacovic, attacked
from Kniin in the direction of Bosansko Grahovo. Simultaneously
from the other side the Partisan forces were attacked by the "Prinz
Eugen" SS division from Karlovac in the direction of Slunj — Bihac,
by the 369th German division with two Ustasa brigades from the Stsak
— Kostajnica sector in the direction of Cazin — Bihac, and by the 717th
German division from Sanski Most over Grmec Mountain in the di-
rection of Bosanski Petrovac, and also by the Cetnik forces of Bora
Mitranovic.

However the plan of annihilation of the National Liberation
Army forces in the first phase of the Fourth Offensive suffered com-
plete failure, because in the heavy and sanguinary fighting against
the Germans, Italians, Ustasas and Cetniks the National Liberation
Army succeeded in preventing the enemy columns from encircling

them, and the main bulk of the forces of the National Liberation Army
retreated in good order, in the direction of Glamoc — Livno — Prozor.
Having passed into counter-offensive, they captured Prozor on Fe-
bruary 18, took Ivan Sedlo, occupied Dreznka, Jablanica and Rama,
forced the Neretva river near Jablanica and Rama, and with one
column attacked Konjic, while with another one they mopped up the
valley of the Neretva river to within ten kilometres from Mostar,
completely destroying the "Murge" division. Panic-stricken by
the counter-offensive of the National Liberation Army, the Italians
quickly transported to Moistar by train and lorries about 5000 Cetniks
under the command of Bajo Stanisic, with the knowledge and
approval of Mihailovic. In addition Mihailovic sent about 500 Cetniks
to the Prenj Mountain under the command of Major Radulovic, and
another 5.000 of his Cetniks under the command of Major Voja
Lukacevic (Cavalry Corps) to defend Konjic together with the Ita-
lians, Ustasas and one battalion of the German 718th division from
the attacks of the units of the National Liberation Army. At the
request of the Italians, although the second phase of the Fourth
Offensive was due to start on February 25, the Germans began ope-
rations four days earlier, as follows: the 7SS "Prinz Eugen" division
advanced towards Imotski, the 369th German division in the direction
of Kupres — Zvornjaca — Prozor, the 717th German division from Bu-
gojno towards Prozor and the 718th German division from Sarajevo
over Ivan Sedlo towards Konjic with the aim of encircling the forces
of the National Liberation Army and of annihilating them with the
assistance of the Italian and Cetnik units.

In this difficult situation for the National Liberation Army
units, Mihailovic issued an order to Colonel Bajo Stanisic, Major
Radulovic and Major Lukacevic to launch an offensive from Mostar,
Prenj, and Konjic in order to annihilate the former in the pocket of
the Neretva river. After short and bitter fighting, however, the
Cetnik offensive failed, in spite of the fact that the operations of
the Cetnik units were helped by Italian and German guns, mortars,
and troops, and in spite of the fact that the Cetnik units in the ope-
rations, at the request of Mihailovic and Major Ostojic, were helped
by German aod Italian aeroplanes which bombed the positions of the
Natioinal Liberation Army units, while they dropped arms, ammuni-
tion and food for Mihailovdc's Cetniks.

However, although the Cetnik offensive suffered defeat, and
accordingly the forces of the National Liberation, could have conti-
nued the advance towards Hercegovina and Montenegro, the units
of the National Liberation Army were obliged to return to the right

bank of the Neretva river, destroying all the bridges on the Neretva,
and to. retreat also from Dreznica, Jablanica, Rama, Konjic and Ivan
Sedlo towards Prozor, which was being attacked by the entire 717th
and 369th German divisions, threatening the hospital at Prozor which
contained 4.000 wounded.

Mihailovic then ordered the forces of Major LukaCevic, Major
Radulovic and Colonel Bajo. Stanisic to cross the Neretva and take
up positions on the banks of this river. He had reinforced them
with about 3.000 Cetniks under the command of Major Badovic, who
had arrived in Mostar from Knin with his forces, in Italian lorries.

Italians and Cetniks in Hercegovina photographed before their joint action against

the Partisans.

During this time the major forces of the National Liberation
Army routed the 717 German division in a fierce attack and forced
them to retreat from Prozor; and immediately after, the bulk of the
National Liberation Army, with the hospital md the wounded, pro-
ceeded again in forced marches towards the Neretva, where bitter fight-
ing took place between these forces on the 'one side, and the com-
bined forces of Mihailovic's Cetniks, Italians, Germans and Ustasas on
the other. In this fighting also, at the request Mihailovic and Major
Ostojic, submitted to the Italians through Dobrosav Jevdevic and
fo the Germans through Major Voja Lukacevic, the Cetnik units were
helped during operations by German and Italian planes, artillery aqd

mortars while the Italians and Germans supplied the Cetnik units
with ammunition, arms and food.

In spite of all this, the forces of the National Liberation Army
broke through the Italian, Cetnik, German, Ustasa front and forced
the Neretva river near Jablanica and Rama, so that the bulk of the
forces of the National Liberation Army, with the hospital, crossed
the river by a provisional bridge at Jablanica, and, waging fierce
battles against the enemy, penetrated into Hercegovina.

Mihailowc tried again to halt the break-through of the Nati-
onal Liberation Army units into Hercegovina, by concentrating
strong forces on the positions at Cicevo and Glavaticevo. After a
sanguinary battle, however, at Cicevo and Glavaticevo, the National
Liberation Army units routed the Cetniks and very rapidly arrived
near Kalinovik where Mihailovic was with the Advance Section of his
Supreme Command and whence he commanded the operations. After
fierce fighting on the positions in front of Kalinovik, where Mihailovic
threw into the battle his last reserve of about 5000 Cetniks under the
command of Pavle Durisic, the Italo-Cetnik forces were beaten and
retreated to Foca. Mihailovic also, together with the Advance
Section of his Supreme Command, retreated to Foca, where he settled
down under the protection of the Italian forces which held that place.
Together with the Italian forces, Mihailovic hastily reestablished the
front on the Drina, and on that occasion he personally issued orders
as to which positions were to be taken by particular Italian units
together with his forces. But the forces of the National Liberation
Army quickly broke the Italo-Cetndk front on the Drina. After that
came the complete dispersal of the Cetnik units, and Mihailovic,
accompanied by a small party, escaped from Foca to Gornje Lipovo
(near Kolasin) where his Headquarters, with the foreign missions, were
situated. The forces of the National Liberation Army reached Monte-
negro through Hercegovina and Sandzak, in the middle of April, 1943.

Thus the joint plan of Hitler, Mussolini, Pavelic and Mihailovic
to destroy the forces of the National Liberation Army inlfthe Fourth
Offensive fell through.

Throughout the Fourth Offensive Mihailovic comma-nded per-
sonally or through Major Ostojic all Cetnik units which, armed with
Italian and German arms, participated together with the Germans
and Italians in the operations aimed at the annihilation of the forces
of the National Liberation Army. At that time the British colonel
Bailey, who was with Mihailovic's Supreme Command at Lipovo and
was fully cognizant of the plan and the development of the
operations which were being carried out by Mihailovic, said that the

Allies were preparing a landing on the Adriatic Coats for the Spring of
1943 and that "the communists should be liquidated" in order that
he might have a clear hinterland, and thus be able to take possession
of the Dalmatian Coast with his forces without hindrance.

Mihailovic, in the course of the operations, was also being
given moral and political support by the Yugoslav emigrant govern-
ment which, although informed by sources whose information could
not be doubted, that Mihailovic collaborated with the invader in the
struggle against the National Liberation Army, still developed a
big campaign in which it denied all reports that Mihailovic was
collaborating with the invaders and spread false news about the
struggle of Mihailovic against the invaders. At the same time it gave
him its consent to such collaboration by means of cipher messages
transmitted through the B. B .C.

The arms, ammunition and money which he received from abroad
through the medium of the Yugoslav emigrant government, Mihailovic
distributed to his units. Armed with Italian and German arms,
equipped with Italian and German equipment, they were carrying on,
together with the Germans and Italians and Ustasas, sanguinary
battles against the National Liberation Army. They also made use of
arms dropped by planes.

Bereft of his units, Mihailovic left Montenegro, and on
June 1, 1943, arrived in Serbia with his supreme command, his radio
stations, and an enormous quantity of gold which he had received
from abroad.

17. In Serbia in 1943, Mihailovic withdrew some of his de-
tachments from the towns, seeing that open collaboration with the
invader compromised his whole movement. However all his detach-
ments continued to collaborate with the Germans and Nedic's and
Ljotic's units in the fight against the Partisan detachments and units
of the National Liberation Army, and in the suppression of the Na-
tional Liberation Movement thus putting into effect the direc-
tives and orders given by him. For ex-ample, Captain Rakovic,
— commander of the 2nd Ravna Gora Corps and Lt Vuckovic —
commander of the 1st Ravna Gora Corps already in February 1943
met Kriiger, the German commander of Gornji Milanovac, in
the vicinity of Milanovac, and concluded an agreement that the
Germans should give them ammunition and that the Cetniks should
participate in the operations against the Partisans on Rudnik. The
Germans, at one time only, gave them about 5000 rounds, with which
Lt. Vuckovic supplied his units and then immediately participated in
the fighting against the Partisans near Rudnik.

Like Rakovdc and Vuckovic, all Mihailovic's other commanders
collaborated more or less openly with the Germans, in all actions
aimed at the annihilation of the National Liberation Movement
in Serbia.

Mihatiovic's commander, Father Dujic, with an Italian officer.

18. After the capitulation of Italy, all Mihailovic's detachments
in Slovenia, Lika, Bosnia, Dalmatia, Hercegovina, Montenegro and
Sandzak, (that is, what was till then the Italian occupation zone)
carrying out his directives and orders, entered into open collabo-
ration with the Germans. In these regions Mihailovic's Cetniks re-
ceived arms and ammunition from the Germans and participated
with ^hem in actions against the units of the National Liberation
Army.

Mihailovic's detachments in Bosnia, with the knowledge and
approval of Mihailovic, concluded a series of agreements with the
Ustasas and Germans on collaboration in the fight against the units
of the National Liberation Army.

Mihaiilovic's detachments in Serbia openly collaborated with
the Germans, Nedid's and Ljotic's detachments, the Bulgarian
occupation units, and units of the Russian White Guard Corps.

The arms and ammunition which Mihailovic received in 1943
through the Yugoslav government abroad, were used in the fighting
against the Partisans in which his units took part, together with the
Germans, the Bulgarian occupation troops, Nedic's and Ljotic's de-
tachments and the Slovene White Guards.

19. In November 1943, the Sixth German Offensive began,
and on Mihailovic's orders his Zlatibor, Javor and Pozega Corps
together with the Germans, as well a,s with Bulgarian units, Nedic's
and Ljotic's detachments, and units of the Russian White Guard
Corps fought in positions directed against the units of the Second
and Fifth divisions of the National Liberation Army, which had pene-
trated from Sandzak into Serbia in the direction of Uzice. At ;the
same time, in the course of the Sixth Offensive, Mihailovic's units
in East Bosnia and Sandzak participated, together with the Germans,
in operations against the forces of the National Liberation Army
and Partisan Detachments.

THE PERIOD FROM THE BEGINNING OF 1944 TO THE END

OF AUGUST 1944

20. In January 1944, Mihailovic issued orders to his units in
the Visegrad — Priboj sector, of which Major Zaharije Ostojlc was
in command, to attack the 2nd Proletarian Brigade together with
die Germans and Ljotic's men. From Major Ostojic he received regu-
lar reports about the operations of the units on this sector, and so he
knew that his units fought shoulder to shoulder with the Germans
and Ljotic's men.

21. On January 303 1944 Mihailovic issued an order to his
commanders £>urisic, Draskovic, Kalaitovic and Cvetic to attack,
together with the Germans and Ljotic's men, the units pf the National
Liberation Army near Priboj, Plevlje and along the Lim river. He
specially advised them to attack from the rear units of the National
Liberation Army at a time when they were fighting againsft the
Germans. In March 1944, together with the Germans and Ljotic's
men, his units carried out this order and participated in the fighting
against the units of the National Liberation Army. The commanders

of his units gave him daily reports of the -operations, and he was
thus authentically informed that they were collaborating with the
Germans and Ljotic's men.

22. In February 1944, Mihailovic ordered Pavle Burisic to
cooperate with the Germans in the operations in Sand^ak against
the units of the National Liberation Army. Durisic carried out his
order and fought with his units shoulder to shoulder with the German
units in Sandzak.

23. At the end of March or in the beginning of April 1944,
Mihailovicfs commander in Serbia, General Trifunovic, known as
Dronja, held a meeting in the village of Vranjici (in the District of
Ljubic near Cacak at the home of Colic, with the German agent Milan
Acimovic (president of the first commissary administration formed
immediately after the occupation of Serbia) and the Councillor of
the Administrative Staff of the German Military. Commander in
Serbia, the German Starker. He negotiated with Starker with the aim
of making an agreement with the Germans regarding the collabor-
ation in the fight against the National Liberation Army and regarding
the supply of arms and ammunition by the Germans to the Cetniks.
For these negotiations Mdhailovic gave orders to General Trifunovic,
and appointed the accused 2ivko Top al avid as negotiator (former
leader of the Socialist party, who in 1943 joined Mihadlovic and
became a member of his ^Central National Committee*). However,
2ivko Topalovic did not arrive in time and therefore the meeting was
held without him.

24. At the end of April 1944, according to Mihailovid's order,
General Trifunovic, 2ivko Topalovic and Captain Rakovic met again
with Acimiovic and Starker, in the village of Trbusani at the home of
Vladan Lukanovid, and continued the negotiations from the previous
meeting. Captain Rakovic made and submitted to Starker and Aci-
movic a list of arms and ammunition which he, Trifunovic and To-
palovic requested from j:he Germans.

• After this meeting Mihailovid's Cetnik detachments received
large quantities of arms and ammunition from the Germans.

25. At the end of April or in the beginning of May 1944, at
Mihailovic's^ orders, General Trifunovic held a meeting "with Dimitrije
Ljotic and Nedic's deputy Ilija Mihailovic, in the village of Brdani
(Ljubic District near Cacak) and concluded an agreement with them
regarding the collaboration of the Cetniks, Ljotic's and Nedic's men in
the fights against the National Liberation Army and Partisan De-
tachments. The agreement provided that Ljotic and Neddc should
supply Mihailovic's Cetniks with war material, that Mihailovic should

permit Ljotic to supplement his units by mobilizing younger men in
the villages.

26. When, in April 1944, the Second Proletarian and the Fifth
Shock division of the National Liberation Army 'penetrated from
Sandzak into Serbia in the direction of Valjevo, Mnhailovid gathered
together the following corps: the Javor, Pozega, Zlatibor, Valjevo,
Cer, the First Ravna Gora corps, two corps of the ^Mountain Guard*
and the Second Ravna Gora Corps. Placing them under the command

*'V* \.- .-V' >' *•%"*" -' '*M ^V^W*'*-' * * - %ir <t %

'/_.,^ u: A /i7;v^iv. .-/; . -': ' %r"

• :--/^V>^':v'^>?/' ^ * ••'-/ '•• ' - :•

The traitor, Rade Radic, Colonel of the Homeguards, Cernerf and General Slahl of the
German Army, during the offensive against Partisan units in Kozara* in July, 1942,

of Mirko Lalatovic a member of his Supreme Command, he threw
them into the fight against the 2nd and 5th division of the National
Liberation Army together with the Germans, Bulgarians, the Ljotic
and Nedic men and the units of the Russian > White Guard Corpse.
The task he set them was the annihilation of the 2nd and 5th division
of the National Liberation Army. During the operation his units were
crossing over with German lorries from position to position, and were
getting arms and ammunition from the Germans from Valjevo and
Uzice even at the front. They were sending their wounded to Ger-
man hospitals, and receiving food from the German kitchens. At that
time the Cetniks freely moved about in towns in which the German

garrisons were situated. In the course of the operations, his comman-
ders Racic, Viuckovic, Markovic, Radovic, Nesko Nedic, Kalaibic, Tu-
fegdzic and others constantly kept in touch with the staffs oif the
German, Bulgarian, Nedic, Ljotic and Russian White Guard units and
several times visited the positions at the front together with German
commanders.

In the course of these operations against the Second and
Fifth division Mihailovic was informed daily and in detail by radio
and by the reports of his commanders, of the development of ope-
rations and of the close collaboration of his units with the Germans,
Bulgarians, Nedic's and Ljotic'-s men and the Russian White Guard
Corps. Through Mirko Lalatovic, member of his Supreme Command,
Mihailovic commanded all operations and also issued personal orders
for these operations.

27. In Bosnia, during the Seventh German offensive against the
National Liberation Army, Mihailovic's Cetniks, under the command
of Major Slavoljtib Vranjesevic and Rade Radic, placed themselves
at the disposal of the Germans and, as they knew the terrain well,
served as guides for the German units in their operations. In addi-
tion to this, they attacked and destroyed small groups of Partisans
who, in the course of heavy fighting with the Germans, lost contact
with their main forces. Major Vranjesevic informed Mihailovic by
radiogram of all this and Mihailovic always replied to these reports:
that the chief aim was to destroy the communists (as he called all
the participants in the fight against the invader) and that discretion
should be used towards the invader and that he should be utilized for
the supply of arms and ammunition.

28. In the summer of 1944, Mihailovic established permanent
connection with the traitor Milan Nedic through Milan Acimovic. He
appointed Captain Predrag Rakovic as liaison officer with Nedic,
while Nedic, on his part, appointed Ilija Mihailovic (former member
of Parliament and member of the executive of the former » Yugoslav
National party«).

In the middle of the summer of 1944, Mihailovic's delegate Cap-
tain Rakovic came to Belgrade, where he stayed in the home of Milan
Acimovic, visited Nedic daily and coordinated the work of the armed
detachments of Nedic's Government and Mihailovic's units in the
struggle against the units of the National Liberation Army in Serbia,
which grew rapidly in strength and increased in number through the
influx of a large number of new fighters from the villages and towns.
Through Rakovic, Nedic sent arms and ammunition which he got
from the Germans to Mihailovic's units.

Shortly after the arrival of Captain Rakovic in Belgrade, Nedic
put him in contact with the German Commander for Serbia, General
Felber, and his Chief of Staff General Geitner, and from that time
Captain Rakovic maintained this contact between the German military
commander for Serbia and Mihailovifs Supreme Command, using it
to get arms and ammunition from the Germans and to coordinate
operations of German and Cetnik units in Serbia in operations against
the National Liberation Army.

Majors Bacovic and Lukacevic, on their return from Cairo after
the King's wedding, communicated a message to Mihailovic from the
British General Masterson, »to liquidate the communists as soon as
possible, and that afterwards more favourable conditions would arise
for us (i. e. for Cetniks — Prosecutor's note) and that they (the
British) would change their attitude, their propaganda, and their
policy towards us (towards Mihailovic — Prosecutor's note).*

At that time an American colonel McDowell, Chief of the Ame-
rican Military Mission to Mihailovic's HQ, landed at the airfield at
Pranjani (near Cacak). As soon as he met Mihailovic he said to him:
»We Americans are not interested in your fight with Germany. They
have to go out of Yugoslavia through the action of the Allies. It is
up to you to keep your hold on the people . . . America is helping
exclusively you and your movement in Yugoslavian. (Mihailovic's
movement — Prosecutor's note).

29. In July 1944, on Kopaonik, near Krasevac, Mihailovic gat-
hered a number of corps under the command of Major Keserovic and
the Fourth Group of Storm Corps under the command of Major Racic.
The Fourth Group of Storm Corps consisted erf two >guard corps*
under the command of Nikola Kalabic, the Second Ravna Gora Corps
under the command of Captain Rakovic and the Cer Corps. Mihailovic
placed Keserovic's units also under the command of Major Racic,
and he gave Major Racic the order to destroy, with all these forces,
in collaboration with the German punitive expedition, (this expedition
consisted of German, Bulgarian, Nedic's and Ljotid's units), the units
of the National Liberation Army and the Partisan Detachments which
had liberated the territory at Toplica and Jablanica.

In the course of operations, which developed in July and
August 1944 at Toplica and Jablanica, Mihailovic's units carried
out his orders and participated — together with German, Bulgarian,
Nedic's and Ljotic's units — in heavy battles against the units of the
National Liberation Army. A German Captain Weil was with Major
Kacic's Staff as liaison officer. He coordinated the Cetnik opera-
tions with those of the Germans and other quisling units.

In addition to this, Major Racic and Nikola Kalabic went on several
occasions to Krusevac to meet the staff of the German units, with the
object of coordinating a plan of operations and obtaining arms and
ammunition. Before the beginning of operations all Cetnik units
were supplied by the Germans with large quantities of arms and
ammunition.

30. With the knowledge of, and with instructions given by
Mihailovic, his staff in Belgrade collaborated with the Special Police

Cetnik commander Pavle Ourisic making a speech to the Cetniks in the presence of
General Pirzio Biroli, Italian governor of Montenegro.

and Dragi Jovanovdc. From April 1944, Mihailovic's commander of Bel-
grade, Sasa Mihailovic, placed under his command Dragi Jovanovic
and the whole Belgrade Police with the Special Police and a detach-
ment of the Serbian State Guards. Sasa Mihasilovic informed the
accused Dragoljub Mihailovic of this and was given instructions by
him that the followers of the National Liberation Movement in Bel-
grade should be destroyed. This collaboration lasted until the flight
of Sasa Mihailovic and the Special Police from Belgrade.

31. About August 20, 194-4, Mihailovic met the traitor
Milan Nedic in the village of Razana near Kosjeric, at night, in the
greatest secrecy. Mihailovic was accompanied by Major Mirko Lala-

tovic, Major Racic and Nikola Kalabic, and Nedic by General Damja
novic (Nedic's Chief of Cabinet) and Dragorair Jovanovic (Prefect
of the Belgrade Prefecture — founder of the Special Police and of
Banjica Camp). After the negotiatinos Mihailovic concluded an oral
agreement with Nedic, the contents of which are as follows:

a. Nedid's Government shall give Mihailovic financial help to
the extent of one hundred million dinars per month;

b. Nedic undertakes the obligation to obtain from the Germans
and deliver to Mihailovic 30.000 rifles, 3 million rifle and machine
gun rounds, 500 machine guns and 500 mortars.

c. Mihailovic guarantees to Nedic that these arms shall under
no conditions be used against the Germans, while Nedic takes upon
Mmself the responsibility for this before the Germans;

d. Nedic and his Government shall, in so far as the invader
permits, place all their armed formations under the command of
Mihailovic for the purpose of coordination of action against the
National Liberation Army;

e. Nedid's Government shall, in so far as it can obtain them,
deliver to Mihailovic an indefinite number of uniforms and footwear;

Mihailovic's officer Captain Predrag Rakovic was, by mutual
consent, appointed as liaison officer between Nedic and Mihai-
lovic. It was also settled by that agreement that Miiiallovic's com-
manders should not directly turn to Nedic for help in arras and other
equipment, as they did formerly. Mihailovic specially requested of
Nedic that the agreement should be kept in the greatest secrecy.

Immediately after the conclusion of this agreement, Mihailovic
received from Nedic through the latter's ^Serbian State Guards^
10.000 rifles and one million rounds of ammunition. The rifles and
ammunition were given to Nedic by the Germans, after he had
informed them about the agreement which he had made with Mihai-
lovic and after the Germans approved of it. In addition to this, Mihai-
lovic was given a hundred million dinars by Nedic, and about 20.000
uniforms. Everything that he received from Nedic or through Nedic
from the Germans, Mihailovic used for the improvement of the arms
and equipment of his units, which later, together with the Germans,
the Nedic and Ljotic men, fought against the units of the National
Liberation Army and Partisan detachments.

32. In August 1944 in the village of Rosci (Ljubic District near
Cacak), in. the vicinity/of the Caganj school, Mihailovic held a meeting
with the Chief of the Administration Staff of the German Military
Commander of Serbia — Neubacher. A member of his Supreme Com-
mand, Colonel Baletic and the American colonel McDowell were also

present at this meeting, as well as Milan Acimovic, Starker and Cap-
tain Rakovic.

In the -beginning of September 1944, Mihailovic met Starker
(Neu'bacher's deputy) in the vicinity of the village of Pranjani. The
American Colonel McDowell also attended the meeting. At this
meeting McDowell demanded of Starker that the Germans should
surrender exclusively to Mihai'lovic.

THE PERIOD FROM THE BEGINNING OF SEPTEMBER 1944
TO THE MIDDLE OF MAY 1945

33. When, in September 1944, strong National Liberation Army
forces penetrated Into Serbia from Montenegro, Sandzak and Bosnia,
Mihailovic's units fought on all the sectors, together with the Ger
mans, Nedic's and the Ljotic's men, to check further penetration of the
units of the National Liberation Army into Serbia.

On October 6, 1944, Mihailovic placed under his command the
whole of Nedic's »Serbian State Guards« — SDS. Mihaikmc's Com-
mander of Serbia, General Trifunovic, formed the »Serbian Shock
Corps« (SUK) from Nedic's SDS. General Trifunovic appointed Gene-
ral Radovanovic, former commander of the SDS in Belgrade, as Com-
mander of the SUK and, as his deputy, General Borivoje Jonic, former
commander of the whole SDS. Thus Mihailovic also took over the
command of the armed formations of the traitor Nedic, with the
aim of intensifying the struggle against the units of the National
Liberation Army which, in its victorious advance, was liberating the
country from the invader.

34. In the course of the operations in October and November
1944, Mihailovic's forces were defeated in Serbia, by the units of the

National Liberation Army, and Mihailovic, fleeing from Serbia, went
over into Bosnia with the remainder of his forces, after crossing the
Drina near the village of Badovinci (Macva). In their flight from
Serbia, his units, both those which fled with him and those which fled
with Nedic's SDS (called SUK by Mihailovic), and also his forces from
Sandzak and Montenegro, all withdrew together with the German
columns which were also fleeing from Serbia. His units, while retreat-
ing, fought together with the German units, against the units of the
National Liberation Army.

In the retreat towards Bosnia, Mihailovic again met with
Starker and Milan Acimovic, near the village of Draginje. The Ame-
rican Colonel McDowell was also* present at this meeting.

35. When Mihailovic gathered the remnants of his units in East
Bosnia, he established connection, through his officer Colonel Borota,

with the command of the German units In Sarajevo, and issued orders
to Colonel Borota to negotiate with the Germans, and to conclude
an agreement by which the latter would give his units arms, ammuni-
tion, medical supplies and food, while the Cetniks would help the
•Germans in fighting against the units of the National Liberation
Army which were attacking the German units and liberating the
country from the invader. In carrying out Mihailovic's instructions

Chief of the British Military Mission, General Armstrong, with Predrag Rakovic,

commander of the Second Ravna Gora Corps, At the trial Mihaifovic admitted that

Captain Rakovic was his Sink with Nedic and that through him he received for his

troops ammunition from the Germans.

Colonel Borota and also Nikola Kalabic, after successful negotiations
with the Germans, received ammunition, arms, food and medical
supplies, which were distributed to Mihailovic's men. All Mihailovic's
other commanders also received arms and ammunition from the Ger-
mans. In these last battles for the liberation of the country from the
yoke of the invader, his units, tinder his leadership, openly and
publicly participated in fighting against the units of the National
Liberation Army, thus helping the German invaders.

36. In the winter of 1944/45, Mihailovic twice met Starker in
the Sarajevo region. He had also met him and negotiated with him
previously.

37. In January 1945, Mihailovic had a meeting with the
Gestapo agent Gasparevic, who was sent by the Gestapo from Vienna
with a group of 60 men, trained at the Gestapo school in Austria for
diversionary acts, assassinations, sabotage and espionage, with the
task of crossing over into liberated Serbia to organize an espionage
network, and, with the help of a radio station which he brought
along with him, to send information to the Gestapo in V(ienna, and in
addition to this, to carry out sabotage, diversionary actions and various
terrorist acts. Mihailovic learnt from Gasparevic the sort of task
assigned to the latter by the Gestapo, and yet he agreed to 'transfer
Gasparevic's group through his channels into Serbia and to assign
30 of has men to that group. These men were trained in Mihailovic's
school as "commandos" (groups for espionage, diversionary actions
and sabotage). Mihailovic gave Gasparevic the task of maintaining
regular contact with him, and sending him information — and Gaspa-
revic agreed to carry out all orders which Mihailovic gave hdm by
radio. Through his own channels, Mihailovic sent Gasparevic's group
to Serbia, together with 30 of his Cetniks headed by Lieut. Nedelj-
kovic, and received from Gasparevic confidential telegrams, although
he knew that Gasparevic sent the same telegrams to the Gestapo in
Vienna. Mihailovic also sent instructions by radiogram to Gaspa-
revic. Besides Gasparevic's group, Mihailovic also sent to Serbia
and other parts of Yugoslavia mo>re of his »commandos« who, even
after the complete liberation of Yugoslavia, killed members of the
peoples' committees, looted village cooperatives and warehouses,
and private property.

38. Mihailovic's officers Col. Pavlovic, Mitic and Andric (who
were situated in his vicinity) through the Gestapo agent Schwarz,
who belonged to Gasparevic's group, sent a written request to the
Gestapo in Vienna that, on German territory, an illegal radio
station should be set up for transmitting Cetnik news, that
the Gestapo should send several instructors to Mihailovic'-s 'school
for the training of commando's, that, the Gestapo should send the
Cetniks five small radio stations, medical supplies and arms, that
the Germans should agree, when the German spring counteroffensive
began in the Balkans, to allow Mihailovic to occupy Serbia with
his forces and that, as compensation for all this, Mihailovic's units
would participate with the Germans in the operations against the
National Liberation Army.

39. In the winter of 1945, Mihailovic established contact with
Dimitrije Ljotic through the radio station of Doforosav Jevdevic, who
was at that time in the Julian March, and agreed that Ljotic should

a delegation to him to negotiate about the unification of all

Ljotic, Cetnik, and other quisling forces in the Julian March under
the command of Mihailovic. Mihailovic received Ljotic's delegation,
which consisted of General* Parac, who, before his flight from Bel-
grade, belonged to Mihailovic's Belgrade Staff, and LjoticTs private
secretary, Bosko Kostic, through whom Mihailovic maintained courier
connections with the emigrant government during the whole of the
occupation, through Major Peric in Istanbul. After negotiating with
this delegation Mihailovic accepted Ljotic's plan regarding the uni-
ting of all traitors in the Julian March under Mihailovic's command,
and sent his officers there, the generals Damjanovic (who was Medic's
Chief /of Cabinet until his flight from Belgrade), Sinisa — known as
Pazarac, and Ljuba Jovasnovic — known as Patak. For the command
of the units in the Julian March, Mihailovic formed the so-called
Advance Section of the Supreme Command, headed by general Dam-
janovic. On his instructions, the latter formed the so-called >§uma-
dija« Division out of Ljotic's ^Serbian Volunteers Corpse, (SDK),
the Cetniks of Father Dujic and Jevdevic and of quisling refugees,
and informed Mihailovic of this. Being in constant contact with
Mihailovic through radio stations, General Damjanovic participated
with his »Sumadija Division*, together with the Germans, in the
operations against the units of the National Liberation Army in the
Julian March. Mihailovic was in contact with General Damjanovic
right up to May 1945, when the units of the National Liberation
Army destroyed the remnants of Ms forces and he lost his radio
stations.

40. In March 1945, Mihailovic sent Janice Brasic to Zagreb. He
was a lawyer, who was with General Trifunovic's Staff, and was given
the task of establishing connection with Macek's followers, Arch-
bishop Stepinec and Pavelic. In Zagreb Brasic established connections
with Pavelic, Stepinec and Macek's followers. Towards the end of
March or at the beginning of April, Brasic returned from Zagreb and
reported to Mihailovic that Macek's followers requested Mihailovic
to appoint a delegation for negotiations, and that Pavelic requested
Mihailovic to come to Zagreb personally for consultation about the
joint struggle against the National Liberation Army. Mihailovic
appointed a delegation for negotiations consisting of Stankovic, an
engineer and member of his so-called Central National Committee,
and General Trifunovic. Mihailovic also sent Brasic two letters,
one for him personally in which he told him to inform Pavelic that
he could not come to negotiate because his commanders did not
agree that he should leave Ms units, but that he was sending two
delegates to negotiate with full authorization and to assure Pavelic
that he and his assistants would strictly observe the proposed agree-

merit, which his delegates would conclude with Pavelic. The other
letter was for Archbishop Stepinec, in which he appealed to the
latter to use all his authority with the Croat people in order that
the Croats should rise up together with Mihailovic against the »Bol-
shevik danger«.

WAR CRIMES

41. Through numerous circulars, communications, radiograms,
directions 'sent to all his commanders, as well as to some command-
ers in particular cases, 'beginning in the Autumn of 1941, Mihailovic
issued strict orders to annihilate mercilessly all fighters of the Na-
tional Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments, captured or
wounded fighters, all followers of the National Liberation Movement,
and everybody who helped in any way the National Liberation Army
and Partisan Detachments, calling all adherents of the National Libe-
ration Army in his messages, circulars and directions: communists,
Bolsheviks, UstaSa-Bolshevik bands, etc.

42. Mihailovic also issued ciders to his commanders to anni-
hilate the Moslems (whom he called Turks) and the Croats (whom
he identified with the Ustasas).

43. Mihailovic introduced the method of killing men without
trial 'and without any investigation of guilt. Death sentences ware
pronounced by him and he bestowed this right on all his commanders
of corps, brigades and battalions. Those who were sentenced to death
were placed under the letter »Z«.

44. For the execution of death sentences by the method of the
letter »Z« (the letter »Z« is the first letter of the word »zaklati«, which
means to cut the throat of, and the persons placed under this letter
were to be murdered), Mihailovic gave instructions that every one of
his brigades should form »Black Threes* who worked as conspirators.
By Mihai'lovic's instructions the commanders of brigades chose blood-
thirsty men for the »Black Threes*, who, when entering the »Black
Three8«, agreed to carry out every order without mercy, while in the
case of non-execution of orders they were to be shot. Mihailovic, what
is more, gave the »Black Threes« instructions how to cut throats.
The Chief of the Cetnik »Black Threes* was Mihailovic himself.

45. Besides his orders to the »Black Threes«, Mihailovic fre-
quently issued orders that every commander of the Corps should
organize flying brigades whose exclusive task was to clear their
terrain of Partisans (or as he says communists) and their sympa-
thisers and all other persons who did not agree with his organization
— and not to enter into any conflicts with the invader.

46. In accordance with Mihailovic's orders, his commanders, his
corps and brigades, his »Black Threes« and flying brigades perpe-
trated in the course of the war and occupation numerous war crimes
in all parts of Yugoslavia, in Serbia, Montenegro, Sandzak, Bosnia,
Hercegovina, Croatia (especially in Dalmatia and Lika) and in Slo-
venia; thus:

In November 1941, the Cetniks shot in the village of Brajicl
(Takovo District) at the place called Drenovi Vrh, some 500 captured
Partisans and adherents of the Liberation struggle. The place where
the Partisans were shot is not far from Ravna Gora where Mihai-
lovic's HQ were situated.

On the night of November 13 — 14, 1941, the Cetnik commander
Jovan Skava, by order -of Mihailovic, handed over about 365 Partisans
to the Germans in the village of Slovac (near Valjevo). The Germans
took them to Valjevo and shot them at a place called Krusik, near
the latter town.

In the beginning of November 1941, at a place called Ridovi,
in the vicinity of Kosjeric, Mihaalovic's commander Ajdacic slaught-
ered 13 Partisan followers including Jelena Subic-Gmizovic and
Mileva Kosovac, women teachers, whom the Cetniks violated, and
mutilated with red hot irons before murdering.

On November 4, 1941, near Ravna Gora, the Cetniks killed
about 30 Partisans, who were captured by a ruse. This number
included 18 girls, who had been sent to Uzice as nurses.

In December 1941, at Cacak, Mihailovid's Cetniks together
with the Germans shot 80 adherents of the National Liberation Move-
ment at one time.

In December 1941 in the Pozega District, the mixed German-
Cetnik corps on one occasion sentenced to death 12 Partisan
adherents.

In December 1941 and during January 1942 the Cetniks sla-
ughtered over 2000 Moslems — men, women and children from the
outskirts of Foca, Cajnice and Gorazde. These slaughters were perpe-
trated on the bridges across the Drina at Foca and Gorazde.

During the month of December 1941 and in the course of the
whole of 1942, iMihailovic's 'legalized11 Cetniks arrested and handed
over to the Germans in various parts of Serbia thousands of Partisan
followers who were shot by the Germans in the camps at Banjica,
Sabac, Nis, Uzice, CaCak and elsewhere, while in addition to this,
the Cetniks themselves killed thousands of Partisan followers, plun-
dered many villages, flogged thousands of men, and violated a large
number of women and girls from Partisan families.

On April 1, 1942, the Cetniks of Ra-de Radic killed 20 wounded
Partisans at Josavka among whom was Dr. Mladen Stojanovic, who
was seriously wounded.

In April 1942, the Cetniks of Lazar Tesanovic and Rade Radic,
(who placed themselves under the command of Mihailovic's officer
Captain Rasic) killed 70 wounded Partisans.

Towards the end of April 1942, Spasoje Dakic, commander of
Mihailovic's battalion in East Bosnia, killed the British major Terence
Atherton and one of his radio telegraphists — • a British sergeant.

In June 1942, Mihailovic's Cetniks burned down the hospital
with ten seriously wounded Partisans, near Gacko in the village of
Izgori.

In June 1942, Mihailovic's detachment under the command of
Captain Vladimir Bukic, took out of prison at Niksic 25 followers
of the iNational Liberation Movement and, together with the Italians,
shot them.

In August 1942, Mihailovic's commander Bacovic killed Rade
Bravica, judge, Toma Galep, Jova Lj'ubiibratic, Budimir Ukropina and
Tasa Kosovic, followers of the National Liberation Movement.

In August 1942, Mihallovic's Cetniks under the command of
Petar Bacovic, during the capture of Foca, slaughtered there and in
a group of villages, called Bukovica, about 100 Moslems, among
whom were about 300 women, children and old" men.

In August 1942, in the district of Ustikolina and Jahorina (East
Bosnia) Mihailovic's Cetniks, tinder the command of Zaharije Ostojic
and Petar Bacovic, slaughtered about 2.500 persons of Moslem faith
and burned down the village's.

In September 1942, at Makarska, the Cetniks of Petar Bacovic
killed 900 Croats, skinned alive several catholic priests, and burnt,
down 17 villages.

In October 1942, the Cetniks of Petar Bacovic, together with
the Italians who were under the command of Lt. Vidiak, killed about
2.500 Modems and Croats in the environs of Prozor. Among them
were women, children and old men. They also burnt a large number
of vilages.

In October 1&42, In the villages of Gata, Niklica and Cislo (all
villages af Dafanatia), the Cetniks of Petar Bacovic, together with the
Italians, killed 109 Croats who were sympathizers of the National
Liberation Movement.

In autumn 1942, at Dreznica (Hercegovina), the Cetniks from
the environs of Gacko, while moving towards Prozor, slaughtered
100 persons of the Moslem faith.

In December 1942, in the village of Brainci (Mrkaic — East
Bosnia) and in the neighbouring villages, the Cetniks of Mihailovic's
commander Rajko Celo-nja, killed 160 peasants and burned down the
village of Brainci and several other villages. Among the killed were
women and children.

In January 1943, Mihailovic's Cetniks killed Father Isakovic

and 18 other followers of the Partisans in the village of Banja (near
Arandelovac).

In January 1943, Major Cvetic slaughtered 16 captured Parti-
sans in the district of Uzice.

In January 1943, under the command of Komarcevic, Mihai-
lovic's Cetniks slaughtered 72 Partisan sympathizers in the Posava
District.

In January 1943, the Cetniks of Pavle Ehirisic killed about 400
men and about 1.000 women and childern of Moslem faith in the
Bijelo Polje District

In February 1943, the Cetniks under the command of Zaharije
Ostojic, Petar Bacovic, Pavle Durisic, Vojislav Lukacevic, Vuk Kalai-
tovic and others slaughtered 1.200 men, and 8.000 old men, women
and children in the districts of Plevlje, Cajnice and Foca. They looted
and burned down about 2.000 houses at the same time.

In the middle of July 1943, in the village of Cikoti (East Bosnia)
the Cetniks discovered 80 wounded men of the First Proletarian Divi-
sion. They took their arms, and the following day brought the Ger-
mans who killed and then burned them.

In July 1943, at Bisina (Birac), the Cetniks discovered 120
wounded men of the First and Second Proletarian Brigades and
handed them over to the Germans who shot them.

In December 1943, at Kolasin, the Cetnik commander Major
Petricevic shot 28 captured Partisans and 6 peasants, Partisan
followers.

In December 1943, in the village of Selevac (Belgrade District)
the Cetnik commander 2ivan Lazovic murdered 15 peasants, Par-
tisan followers.

In December 1943, the Cetniks slaughtered 137 captured Par-
tisans in the environs of Bosansko Grahovo.

In December 1943, the Cetnifcs slaughtered 28 captured Par-
tisans in the village of Ticevo near Drvar .

In December 1943, at Zeta (Montenegro), the Cetniks slaughter-
ed 8 peasant-delegates at the First Antifascist Assembly of Mon-
tenegro,

In December 1943, the Cetniks of Nikola Kalabic slaughtered

24 peasants, Partisan followers, in the village of Kopljari (near Aran-

delovac).

In December 1943, the Cetniks of Vuk Kalaitovic shot 18
Partisan followers in the Sjenica District (Sandzak).

In December 1943, in the village of Vranjic (Posava District,
Belgrade County), the Cetniks, under the command of Lt. Colonel
Miodrag Palosevic and Major Sveta Trifkovic, slaughtered 72 per-
sons, among whom were one child of two years, another of three
months. They castrated one of the victims. Besides this they plun-
dered large number of peasant homes.

From July 1941, to March 1943, Mihailovic's Cetnifcs, under the
command of Pavle Durisic, sentenced to death and shot about a
thousand Montenegrin Partisans and peasants, because they partici-
pated in the Liberation uprising in Montenegro.

On April 29, 1944, the Cetnik detachments of Captain 2ivojin
Lazovic, Major Svetislav Trifkovic, Nikola Kalabic, Dragutin Bojovic,
Sveta Bogicevic, Radovan Dokmanovic and Sveta Radicevic, in the
village of Drugovac (Podunava District — Belgrade County) slaught-
ered 73 persons among whom were 9 women. On that occasion
37 other persons were ill-treated and 220 houses were looted and
then burned down.

In April 1944, the Cetniks slaughtered 8 Partisan sympathizers
near Bajina Basta.

In May 1944, the Cetniks of Dragutin Keserovic discovered
a Partisan hospital at Jastrebac, and shot some 24 wounded 'men and
4 nurses there.

In May 1944, Cetniks from Majevica discovered a Partisan
hospital in Semberia and killed about 300 seriously wounded.

ki the summer of 1944, the Cetniks in the village of Balinovici
burned alive 2ivan Durdevic, a peasant from Balinovici, in the pre-
sence of 20 men, aod then killed his son.

In the beginning of August 1944, Dusam Radovic, known as.
Kondor, commander of Mihailovic's Zlatibor Corps, murdered two
American airmen of French origin, who were forced to* land by
parachute, near the Lim river.

In August 1944, the Cetnik detachment of Sveta Bogicevic
caught Sava Srerncevic, Konstantin Vojinovic, Ilija Radojevic and
IHja Jakovljevic, in the village of Sepci (Kragujevac District), and,-
after cruelly torturing them in order to force them to admit their col-
laboration with the Partisans, slaughtered all four of them.

59'

47. The crimes enumerated are only a small part of the crimes
which Mihailovic's Cetniks committed in all parts of Yugoslavia in
compliance with his orders and instructions.

In addition, tens of thousands of men were tortured and
flogged by Cetniks, while in Montenegro a special systefn of flogging
was introduced, utilising the »rogalj« (a kind of stake).

Mihailovic's commanders sent lists of the Partisan followers
to the invaders and quislings on the basis of which they were arrested
and shot. Mihailovic's Belgrade organization especially closely colla-
borated with the Special Police in the annihilation of the Partisan
followers in Belgrade.

(The prosecutor then read the indictment of all the other
accused persons).

On the 'basis of all that has been presented, I propose that
the Military Council of the Supreme Court of the Federative
People's Republic of Yugoslavia appoint a public trial and bring
before the Court the accused mentioned in this charge from the
custody of the Military Court of the Belgrade Command, and also
call upon the following to attend the public trial:

1. The Deputy Prosecutor of the Yugoslav Army.

2. Counsel for the Defence of the accused.

I also propose that all the proofs mentioned, in this indictment,,
which are enumerated in the lists appended to the indictment as a
component part of it, be set forth at this trial.

I also propose that this Court, on the basis of Article 15 item
3 of the Law concerning Criminal Acts against the People and State,
appoint Counsel for the Defence for the accused who are absent.

Finally, I propose that the Court, after the completion of the
trial and upon the examination of all the proofs, pass sentence accor-
ding to the Law.

ARGUMENTATION

All that has been stated in this indictment is supported by
written documents, testimonies, complete or partial confession by the
accused, or other evidence.

From the documents relating to the case the following can
be seen:

First, that the accused Dragoljub Mihailovic and his collabor-
ators for a short time secretly and then openly collaborated with the
German-fascist invaders in the fight against the Liberation Movement

of the peoples of Yugoslavia, Among Mihailovic's collaborators are
also the accused Slobodan Jovanovic and others who lived abroad
during the war enjoying the hospitality of the allied countries. They
also helped the invader in the suppressing of the Liberation struggle
of the peoples of Yugoslavia, although at first sight this seems para-
doxical. They helped the invaders by directing together with the
accused Mihailovic the traitorous Cetnik organisation. Under their
leadership this organisation openly collaborated with the invaders in
the struggle against the Liberation Movement of the peoples of
Yugoslavia.

Second, that the accused Dragomir Jovanovic, Tanasije Dinic
and other collaborators of the traitor Milan Nedic from the very
beginning of the occupation placed themselves openly in the service
of the invader, and formed an executive apparatus through which
they carried out the instructions and orders of the invader. They
helped the invader with all their might in the suppression of the
liberation struggle of the Serbian people.

Third, that the accused Mihailovic and his collaborators and
the accused Dragomir Jovanovic, Tanasije Dinic and others of Nedic's
collaborators, during the course of the occupation committed count-
less serious crimes of all k<inds.

Fourth, that the accused Lazar Markovic and Kosta Kumanudi,
guided by the same purposes as the accused Mihailovic and others,
helped the traitors and war criminals Mihailovic and Nedic,, being at
the same time exceedingly careful not to compromize themselves pu-
blicly either in their collaboration with the enemy or with Mihailtovic
and Nedic.

The work of all these servants and assistants of the invader
during the war and occupation was directed towards one and the same
purpose. Their common aim was identical with the aim of the German-
fascist invaders: suppression of the Liberation Movement of the
peoples of Jugoslavia.

In their endeavours to achieve their common purpose, the assis-
tants and servants of the invaders maintained mutual connection and
worked in close collaboration, while in the final phase of the war
and the occupation they formally and publicly united all their forces
in order to suppress the Liberation Movement in Yugoslavia which
was carrying on a heroic struggle against the enemy and all his
servants in the country.

This is why they stand today before the just tribunal of the
peoples of Yugoslavia and will have to give account of their treason-
able and criminal activity.

All the criminal acts of which Dragoljub Mihailovic and others
are accused have been proved by the mass of evidence contained in
the documents relating to their case.

It can be seen from the relevant documents that the work of
the accused Dragoljub Mihailovic, Stevan Moljevic, 2ivko Topa-
lovic, Slobodan Jovanovic and others was intended to render impos-
sible any liberation struggle in Yugoslavia and to annihilate in col-
laboration with the enemy the democratic and liberation forces, so
that, with the help of the invader, a regime of open dictatorship and
national oppression might be established, and even the extermination
of certain nationalities in various regions accomplished.

From the very beginning the accused Mihailovic, together with
the emigrant government, spread the propaganda that it was not yet
time for the struggle against the enemy, and that the moment for the
fighting would come when the Allied forces landed in the Balkans.
However, from the very beginning Mihailovic started to fight against
all those who arose in arms in the Liberation struggle against the
invader, thus spreading fratricidal war for the benefit of the Germans,
Italians, Bulgarians and Hungarians. Therefore, all the assertions which
Mihailovic and his clique made in this country and abroad that they
looked upon the Germans as their enemies and that they were only
waiting for a convenient moment to attack them, do not correspond
to the facts, because Mihailovic, from the very first, considered that
the moment was favourable for fighting against the forces of resist-
ance, and entered into collaboration with the invaders, remaining" in
collaboration with them right up to the capitulation of Germany. The
slogan of Mihailovic and his clique — that it was not time for the
fight against the invader, meant not only a fight againts the uprising
but also a direct link with the invaders and the realisation of their
policy, which was to make the peoples of Yugoslavia their peaceful,
obedient slaves who would not interfere in their plunder of the
country and in troop movements, and whom they could mobilize as
manpower and gun-fodder on the fronts against the Allies.

Mihailovic and Nedic usually justified their collaboration with
the enemy by pointing out the need of saving Serbian lives. The fra-
tricidal war, started by Draza Mihailovic for the Benefit of the enemy,
actually led to the annihilation of tens of thousands of Serbs, to mass
extermination of the Serbian people both by the enemy and Mdha-
ilovic's Cetniks together and by the Cetniks alone.

Mihailovic undertook the extermination of Croats and Moslems
under the pretext that this was a reprisal for the slaughter of Serbs

committed by the Ustasas, while In fact he collaborated with the
Ustasas against the Serbian and Croatian peoples.

Mihailoyic and the emigrant government in London usually
represented themselves, in their statements, as friends of the Allies,
especially of England and America. In this way, Mihailovic and the
emigrant government desired to achieve the following: first, to con-
ceal their collaboration with the invader from the Allied public; se-
cond, to mislead a part of the population of this country; third, to
ensure the legality and continuity of the emigrant government and the
monarchy in the eyes of the Allies; fourth, under the pretext that
they were carrying on a struggle against Bolshevism, to create abroad
a false impression that in Yugoslavia ft was not a question ,of a
struggle for liberation of the peoples against the enemy., but -of a
civil war, and on this basis to obtain support and justification for
their collaboration with the enemy.

It is therefore clear that Mihailovic, while collaborating with
the enemy, weakened the general war effort of Yugoslavia in the
struggle against Germany and her allies, and in this way weakened
the front of the Allied nations against the common enemy.

In the course of the investigation it was established that the
.accused Mihailovic committed, during the war and occupation, treason
towards his own country and that, from 1941 up to the end of
the war, he collaborated with the German-fascist invaders in the fight
against the National Liberation Movement of the peoples of Yugo-
slavia. Our peoples know this, since they witnessed with their own
eyes and experienced personally the traitorous work of the accused
Mihailovic and the Cetnik bands which he commanded. However, there
are people outside our country who assert that Mihailovic's collabor-
ation with the invader began only in 1944. The relevant documents,
however, contain conclusive proof that Mihailovic's cooperation with
the invader in the fight against the National liberation Movement
of the peoples of Yugoslavia began as far back as 1941, that it .began
first in Serbia and then it spread to the whole of Yugoslavia. His
collaboration with the invader was concealed in the beginning, but
by December 1941* Mihailovic had entered into open collaboration
while still endeavouring to save himself and his closest circle of of-
ficers from being compromised, although he placed all his armed
formations publicly and openly in the service of the invader. That
this Is true and undeniable, can be seen from the various quotations
taken from the e¥idence at hand, which we shall present here.

Speaking about the delegation which he sent to Nedic, Miha-
ilovi£ made the following statement to the examining authorities:

the end of August or beginning of September,
Zivojin Baric, ex-lieutenant-colonel of the Yugoslav army,
came to see me and brought me a letter from Nedic. The

letter was very short, only two lines, and In it Nedic invited
me to come to Belgrade to meet him. With the letter Dune
gave me an identity card provided by Nedic for the journey".
Further:

"Aca Misic told me: "You won't go". / had already,
decided not to. Then Misic said: "I'll go'\
And further:

"As far as I remember, the delegation left on August
29 or 30, and returned, I know this for certain, exactly on
September 6, 1941, in the evening."

The traitor Milan Nedic made the follwing statement to the
•examining magistrate concerning the negotations of this delegation
.and their result:

"The aim of this delegation was to establish contact
between myself and Draza, on the basis of the struggle
against the Partisans. They showed me an authorization signed
by Draza personally whereby they were empowered to nego-
tiate with me and take any necessary decision." Further:

'7 agreed to the collaboration with Draza Mihailovic
and promised to help him. This decision was reached during
the negotiations between myself and this delegation.** And
further:

"A written agreement between myself and this dele-
gation was not made in view of the fact that all three officers
in the delegation were my officers and very well known to
me, and I therefore considered that there was no need for a
written agreement, and they did not demand it

We agreed upon the following:

1. On collaboration between myself? L e. my govern-
ment and Draza Mihailovic in the struggle against the com-
munists, with the aim of annihilating them.

2. To give him immediate help in money so that he
might give salaries to officers and non-commissioned officers,
and also to enable him to buy food for Ms army.

3. Immediately to appoint a liaison officer who would
be constantly attached to Mihailovic's Headquarters.

4. To obtain through the Germans the "legalization**
of Draza Mihailovic and his Cetniks so that they might not
be persecuted by the Germans and might move about freely.

5. That after the purging or annihilation of the commun-
ists in Serbia, my government was to extend the necessary
help to Draza Mihailovic in order to suppress civil war in
Bosnia and Montenegro.

6. That after the formation of the government detach-
ments, which was already in progress, an operational plan
should be drawn up between myself and Draza Mihailovic, for
the purging of Serbia of the communists.

These were the main provisions of the agreement on
collaboration between myself and Draza Mihailovic".
Xedic continued:

"Of this agreement on collaboration the following
points were immediately carried into effect:

L I issued help in money — / can't remember how
much — and the delegation took it with them.

2. / immediately went to the Commander for Serbia,
General Dankelmann, and informed him of the arrival of the
delegation of Draza Mihailovic and the agreement reached.
I told Dankelmann that Draza asked for the legalization of
Ms Cetniks and himself, so that they might move about undi-
sturbed without fearing persecution, or getting shot by the
Germans, in order to launch the attack against the communists.
Dankelmann immediately agreed to this legalization, and gave
instructions accordingly to the German units.

3. I appointed staff Major Marko Olujic to serve as
liaison officer between myself and Draza Mihailovic.

Here I want to mention that Marko Olujic did not
immediately proceed to Mihailovic's Headquarters. I cannot
recall how much time elapsed before his departure to Mi-
hailovic, since he was captured en route to Suvobor by the
communists, together with the operational plan for military
collaboration between the government detachments and Draza
Mihailovic's Cetniks, for the purging of Serbia."
In his testimony, Nedic further declared:

'7 was informed that Draza approved of the entire
agreement, L e. the provisions of the agreement concluded
between the delegation and myself/'

Nevertheless, when the general people's uprising against the
Invaders and their servants broke out in Serbia, and when many of
Ms units demanded to enter into the armed struggle against the
enemy, Mihaitovtt was obliged to conclude a false agreement with

the Partisans on a joint struggle against the German, invaders.
Regarding the reasons which induced the accused Mihailovic to
order his units to enter the struggle against the Germans, the witness
Radoslav Buric says:

"Draza's captain Reljic explained to me, in the village
of Brajici, that Draza had actually ordered a general mobili-
zation and attack on the Germans, together with the Partisans.
Afterwards, when I asked Draza about this, he personally
declared that this was true, but that he had been forced to
enter the struggle against the Germans prematurely, because
the Partisans had begun an uprising, which would rally all
the people to them, and that he — Draza — would be left
* alone, Draza told me among other things that he had really sent
Zivojin Dune and Aleksandar Misic to Belgrade to talk to Nedic
and seek his aid, but he asserted that he did not tell iivojin that
he might remain with the Germans, nor did he tell Misic that
1 would remain as liaison officer with Nedic. When I asked him
why he wanted to talk with Nedic, Draza replied that he wanted
to make use of him" — (record dated April 23, 1946, page 3)
However, although on October 26, 1941, Mihailovic had con-
cluded a written agreernet with Tito, the Commander in Chief of the
National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia,
on a joint struggle of Cetniks and Partisans againts the invader, he
continued, in the greatest secrecy, to prepare for the annihilation of
the Partisans in Serbia. At that time, in the middle of October 1941,
Major Zaharije Ostojic and Mirko Lalatovic came to Ms Headquar-
ters. They were sent to Mm by the Command of the Yug«lav army
in emigration.

Shortly afterwards, on November 1, 1941, ignoring the agree-
ment concluded with Tito, Mihailovic ordered his forces to withdraw
from the front against the Germans and undertake an all-out attack
against the Partisan forces with the object of annihilating them.

The witness Radoslav E>uric says in connection with this order
issued by Mihailovic:

"On November 2, I received a stricly confidential order,
addressed to me personally by Draza Mihailovi£y saying that
I should immediately raise the siege of Kraljevo and attack
Cacak, which was in Partisan hands — (record dated April 23,
1946, page 3, written in the office of the public prosecutor of
the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia).
This order is mentioned in a note written by Mihailovic himself
in his diary:

"Only Duric is with the Partisans, Orders for lifting

blockade of Kraljevo shown to Molo; attack on Cacak post-
for three days, during which time I invited comman-
ders to sapper."

When the Partisan forces broke the attack of Mihailovic's
units on all sectors, and, pursuing the broken Cetnik detachments,
approached the immediate vicinity of Ravna Gora, Mihailovic
established contact with the Germans and met the German repre-
sentatives on the night of November 13 — 14, 1941. Mihailovid's
account of this meeting is as follows:

"I met the Germans in the second half of November
1941, I cannot exactly remember the date, in an inn at the
village of Diver.

(Mihailovic could not recall the exact date of the meeting but
by the testimony of witnesses it has been indisputably ascertained
that this meeting took place on the night of November 13 — 14, 1941
— Prosecutor's note).

"The Germans present were: Chief of Staff of the Com-
mander in Chief for Serbia. I cannot recall his name. The inter-
preter was a Volksdeutscher, a physician, who worked in the
Gestapo, as I learned later, in the office of Brandt — Section
for Draza Mihailovic. In addition to these two, there were ten
Germans altogether, all in the uniform of German officers.
I don't know their ranks.

/, Draza Mihailovic, Colonel Pantic, Captain Nenad Mi-
trovic and Major Aleksandar Misic (were present on the Cetnik
side — Prosecutor's note)".

*7 left Struganik with my party and proceeded
across Mionica, together with Aleksandar Misic. We stopped
our party before we arrived at the Kolubara River, and told
them to await our return. Misic and I walked alone up to the
bridge where we were met by Brana Pantic, Nenad Mitrovic
and professor Mantel We crossed over the demolished bridge
to the other side, and entered an automobile, which took us to
the inn at Divci. In front of the inn there were many German
soldiers It was late at night We were shown into the inn at
Divci and immediately sat around a long table. I sat opposite
the Chief of Staff of the Commander in Chief for Serbia. Aca
was on my left, Brana Pantic on the left of Misic, and on
my right sat Nenad Mitrovic, About ten Germans were also
sitting around the table.

Here I'd like to mention that the Germans were guard-
ing the road from the bridge to the inn with armoured cars
and motorcycles. This greatly surprised me."

In reply to the question of the Prosecutor, as to what time of
the night the meeting took place, Mihailovic answered:

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Report of Predrag Rakovsc »Frike^t concerning »Iegalizafion«c of Cefnlks by the Germansf

and Mihailovic's note at the foot of the report; »It is excellent workr Frlkej to be

given to cika Vasa«c (i, e. to Dragisa Vaslc).

'7 think about 9 p.m." — (all excerpts from Mihailovic's
Record, page 45 and 46).

During the same night November 13 — 14, 1941, Mihailovic's
commander Jovan Skava handed over 365 Partisans to the Germans

at the village of Slovac, 4 to 5 kilometres from Divci. The handing
over of the Partisans took place at about 11 p.m. and Skava,
with his detachment, escorted them to Valjevo in German lorriesi to-
gether with the Germans. Jovan Skava, examined as a witness, de-
dared to the examining; magistrate that he had delivered the caipt-
ured Partisans according to the instructions of Mihailovic, con-
veyed to him through his superior commander Daca Popovic.

After this; a truce was agreed on between the Cetniks and Par-
tisans and fighting was discontinued. According to this agreement
Mihailovic bound himself to fight against the Germans together
with the Partisans.

However, when towards the end of November 1941, the German
offensive against the liberated territory in West Serbia was under
way, Mihailovic violated the truce once more, by ordering his units to
proceed each to its own terrain without fighting the German columns
which were advancing towards the liberated territory. Mihailovic
makes the following statement about this:

»T/ze Germans launched an offensive against Uzice and
Cacak. Marshal Tito telephoned me, and that was our last
talk. The Marshal asked me what I was going to do in this
offensive, and then explained that he was going to accept
battle against the Germans. I answered that I could not engage
in a frontal battle, and that I had to return my detachments to
their terrain, and that I was left with about 200 men on
Ravna Cora. My detachments stole through the German lines
and went in the direction of their terrain, and the Partisan
forces took up the battle at Bukovi, Crnokosa, Ponikovica and
farther on across Zlatibor« — ( Mihailovic' s Record page 18),
But Mihailovic did not only limit himself to ordering his com-
manders to go each to his own terrain and avoid any action agaanjst
the Germans. He even instructed his commanders to »legalize« their
detachments with the Germans by placing themselves under the com-
mand of Milan Nedic and use all their means for the annihilation of
the Partisan forces which remained In Serbia after the withdrawal of
their main forces to Sandzak.

In connection with this the accused MiloS Glisic says:

>A conference of the detachment commanders and
Draza was held on Ravna Gora The commanders were present
in person. On this occasion Draza ordered contact to be made
with Medic's detachments in order to improve the situation.
He safef that the detachments still remained under his command,
and that this was only a temporary solution (I personally was

not present at this conference, but I was informed of it through
the commanders Manojlo Korac and Ignjatovic). I forgot to
state that Manojlo Korac came to our detachment a few days
before the attack on Uzlce. He came from the Visegrad region
and participated in the attack on Uzice. After this consultation
the detachment crossed Ravna Cora, spent one day in the vil-
lage of Ba, and then was received by Relja Dodor of the Ljig
detachment, spent several days convalescing theref and then
left for Belanovica, Manojlo Korac having contacted the
detachment and agreed that It should be placed under Kala-
die's command. In order to arrange this matter in the best pos-
sible way, young Nikola Kalablc went to his father. This took
place at the end of November 1941. At that time the question
of the ^Iegallzatlon€ of the Cetniks had not yet been discussed
nor was anything done in this direction. The ^legalization of
the Cetnik detachments, as well as the placing of them
under Nedic's command, was carried out in January 1942. The
detachment was >leg"alized« but it still remained under Draza's
commands — (G/is/d's record, 7.J.

Captain Predrag Rakovic, Mihailovic's commander of the First
Ravna Gora Corps* described In an undated report the manner in
which he had carried out the instructions he had received -from Mi-
hailovic at the above-mentioned conference. Rakovid's report is as
follows:

* After the meeting held on Ravna Cora on November
30, 1941, acting according to instructions received on the night
of November 30 — December 1, I proceeded with my detach-
ment from Kostunici, where I was on the terrain of the LJubic
District, which my sector. On December 1, early in the
morning, I reached Gornja Gorevnica. On that day, the 5th
Ljotic's Voluntary Detachment from Cacak, accompanied by
three German planes, reached the elementary school at Gornja
Gorevnica, and it was there that I met them. I approached
with a group of ten men armed with rifles which they aimed
at a platoon of volunteers, and when they saw I did not open
fire, we began a friendly conversation. The commander of the
5th Voluntary Detachment, Petrovlc, a corporal who was irregu-
larly promoted colonel during the occupation, asked me who
I wasr what I was doing there and where I was going. I ans-
wered that I had a detachment of 200 men with 20 automatic
weapons, which was the truth. I told him that my detachment
belonged to Colonel Draza and that I was the vanguard of his

detachments. When he asked me how manyt men Draza had, I
said that he had about twenty thousand armed men. Then Man-
sav left us and held a short consulation with his officers,
after which he asked me to proceed to reconnoitre the terrain
of Gornja Gorevnica and to purge it from communists. I pro-
fited from this, because the Cetniks mixed with the volunteers,
and supplied themselves with ammunition which was very
scarce, so that on leaving I might have even fought against
them . . .

That night, after reconnoitring the terrain, Marisav
invited me to go with him to Cacak and regulate the relations
of my detachment with the Germans . . . and on December 1,
1 proceded with him to Cacak . . . In short, that evening we
agreed that I would remain with my detachment on the terrain
in order to purge it from communists, which was in fact my
duty when I left Ravna Cora for my terrain.

At the beginning, as early as December, I clearly saw
the following: the aim of the Ljotic troops, supported by the
Germans, was first to collaborate with us until the destruction
of the communists, and then, with the aid of the Germans, to
liquidate our organization and our detachments. The annihil-
ation of the communists was necessary to me, to the Germans
and to the Ljotic troops, and so we united in this business and
became >a/ffes«. At that time I used to go to the com-
mander near Gornji Milanovac to submit reports to him. He
permitted me even to ^legalize* my detachment Through
Marisav I even succeeded in meeting the German commander
Fricke.Marisav, on his departure from Cacak, recommend-
ed me to Fricke, saying that it was best that I should take
Cacak over from him. On May 1, 1 took over the command of
the town of Cacak with my detachment, though I had not been
legalized. At the beginning Fricke could not tolerate me. I
assured him that I was legalized and under the command of
Nedlc, which satisfied him. . . Naturally, in such circumstances
I was obliged to go to Belgrade, and in the course of seven
days I was daily received by Ceka Dordevic, and three times
by Masalovic and Nedic. Even today I cannot but wonder how
I fooled them all and succeeded in legalizing a detachment of
150 men under my command. I was allotted the territory] of
Ljubte District with its headquarters at Cacak« . . .
OE the back of Capt. Predrag Rakovic's report Mihailovid per-
sonally wrote the following remarks': »Frike (pseudonym of Rako-

vie — Prosecutor's note) excellent work — to be given to Cika Vasa
— (nickname for Draglsa Vasic — Prosecutor's note).*

Thus In December 1941 Mihailovic ^legalized* his detachments

In Serbia. The »legalization« of Mihailovic's detachments was only
the formal aspect of his open collaboration with the enemy In the
struggle against the Partisans and the whole National Liberation
Movement in Serbia.

It is evident that, at the end of 1941, Mihailovic had already
passed from secret collaboration with the invader and the quisling
Nedic, to open collaboration in the struggle against the Partisans and
the whole National Liberation Movement From that time onwards,
till the fall and destruction of his organization, in 1942, 1943, 1944
and the first half of 1945, the collaboration between Mihailovic and
the German fascist invaders, as well as the Serbian, Croat and Slovene
quislings, namely Nedic, Pavelic's Ustasas and Rupnik's >\Vhite
Guards^, deepened and became ever-increasingly overt, until by the
end of the second half of 1944 and the first half of 1945, complete
unification of all the quisling forces in Serbia under the command of
Mihailovic (Nedlc's and Ljotic's detachments) took place, and Mihai-
lovic's connection and collaboration with the Gestapo and Pavelid
was carried out.

That this is true, is proved by numerous written documents
from different sources, mostly Cetnik, with the addition of those of
German, Italian, Ustasa and Nedic men, which are attached to the
indictment, as well as by a certain number of witnesses whom it is
proposed to examine at the public trial. We shall quote only a few
short excerpts from the relevant documents for the confirmation of
the statement on his open collaboration with the hirelings, from De-
cember 1941, up to the collapse and destruction of his organization.
The accused Milos Glisic, speaking about the collaboration of
Mihailovic's Cetniks in the Third Enemy Offensive against the Par-
tisan forces in Sandzak and Montenegro, described It as follows:

>l¥e received food from the Italians through Pavle's
man (Durisic — Prosecutor's note), and munition as well.
Ammunition was transported from Berane.€ (Glisic's record
page 10.). Further on he says: »We travelled on Italian lorries,
all men and commanders, (they travelled to Bijelo Polje —
Prosecutor's note), with Italian drivers and on these lorries-
we were transported from Prljepolje to Bijelo Po/je«. —
(Record as above). He continues: »/ know it was the Plevlje
garrison (Italian — Prosecutor's note) that participated with
its forces in the struggle against the Partisans in the course of
these operations. I don't know their strengths — ( same record).

Speaking about the collaboration between the Cetniks and Ita-
lians, in the Third Offensive, Major Bacovic writes in an undated
letter »To the Minister of the Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland —
General Draza Mihailovic«:

»TAe Cetnik detachments of Captain Pavle Durisic have
engaged for the last fifteen days In fierce battles with
the Partisans on the front around Mojkovac and Kolasin. . .
Captain Par/e Durisic now disposes of 2000 active Cetniks and
twice as many reserve troops. His active Cetniks are well armed
and well supplied. In addition to a great number of automatic
weapons, they have a large number of mortars and mountain
guns. Burisic has received arms from the Italian military
authorities. His active Cetnik detachments receive part of their
arms from the Italian authorities, as well as food and regular
pay. . .«

To the same Pavle Durisic, Mihailovic announces in a

radiogram:

^Number 21 for Pavle Durisic. »Mandusic« key 6, 7, 3f

8f . . . April 18, 1942. I have heard of your work and am very
glad you are so brave. My aim is to help you as soon as pos-
sible. This is debendent on a reliable link. I am sending you a
radio station through Lazarevic with directions and wave-
length. . . // contact is established I shall be able to inform
you immediately by plane, and drop alt necessary arms and
other material. Therefore find out and secure the necessary
terrain for the reception of material, which will be parachuted.
I hope I shall soon send you one of my officers for the
solution of all questions in connection with the action in Mon-
tenegro. It is essential that you continue on the same national
line. Purge communists wherever you can... It is necessary
that our right wing Mojkovac — Kolasin is secured. We intend
to send you aid in the direction of Brodarevo—Barica. The
first object of the action in Montenegro is to free the region
Savnik—Smjajevina of communists and render it safe, and
secure supplies for our army in Montenegro.

Pfan your present work according to this. Greetings.
General Mihailovic^.

Speaking on the situation in Hercegovtoa, Major Ba-covic in
his letter dated July 16, 1942, writes to Mihaitovic:

>AI/ the Cetnik detachments on the territory of Herce-
govim are legalized by the Italians, and receive food, arms

and ammunition. They receive no salary, but they are some-
times allotted small sums of moneys,

On the collaboration of the Cetniks with the Germans in 1942
there exist numerous documents. Here are some excerpts from these
documents:

»No. 3434 from Istvan, 5, XII, 42; 211 (Bacovic). Accord-
ing to the report of the commander of the Kladanj Brigade
dated November 26, bitter fighting has been raging for five
days between the Cetniks and the Partisans on Majevica. The
Cetniks are supported by the Germans, the Croat Home-Guards
and the Ustasas. One section of the Cetniks has joined the Par-
tisans, Racic has deserted Majevica and crossed to Serbia.
Numerical strength of the Partisans 8 to 10 thousand. The Par-
tisans have seized Bijeljina, Loparl broken through to
Corn/a Tuz/a«. — (Telegram from Major Bacovic to Mihai-
lovic).
Major Ostojic reports to Mihailovic:

>Ato. 3972 from 222, (Ostojic) 23. XII, No. 49: The situa-
tion in East Bosnia, sections Zvornik — Kladanj. Mltranovic and
Momcilovic report: Third and Sixth communist brigades on
Majevica have been defeated. They were attacked by the Ger-
mans and the Cetnlks from Majevica, Trebava and Ozren.«
The tetniks concluded a series of agreements with the Ustasas
In 1942. Their collaboration with Nedic's and Ljotic's men has already
been mentioned

There exist not only numerous documents from 1942 concern-
ing the open collaboration of Mihailovic and his Cetnik organiza-
tion with the invaders, but also a huge number of documents pro-
ving the fact that the collaboration of Mihailovic with the enemy*
and his servants in the country, in the struggle against the National
Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia, was con-
tinued and strengthened in the course of 1943 and 1944 and in the
first half of 1945.

In spite of all this, there are some people abroad who, in
defending Mihailovic, are really trying to defend themselves, — for
they extended moral, political and material help to Mihailovic in the
course of the war. They admit that >certain of Mihailovi£fs comman-
ders* collaborated with the invaders, but assert that Mihailovic himself
did not approve of such action on the part of his commanders and
that he personally never collaborated either with the invader or the
quislings. The documents attached to this indictment, however, when
presented at the public trial, will convince these people that facts

are ^stubborn things* and that they cannot be refuted by
any campaign, no matter how skilfully organized. They will show
that every person who helped Mihailovic, in any way or for any
reasons, helped the German-fascist invaders at the time of 'their war
against the great Allied forces and all the freedom-loving peoples) of
the world, who fought together for the annihilation of fascist Ger-
many and her allies. And here are some excerpts from document^.
which prove beyond question that Mihailovic personally; not only
approved of the collaboration of his commanders and troops with the
invader and other hirelings of the enemy, but even gave instructions-
to his commanders and units to collaborate with the invaders with
the aim of annihilating the National Liberation Army and the Partisan-.
Detachments of Yugoslavia.

In the course of the preparations which Mihailovic made for
the operations of the Cetniks during the Fourth enemy Offensive, in
one of his telegrams despatched to Major Ostojic, he issued the fol-
lowing order:

y>2428~222 (Ostojic) December 31, 1942: Bajo has*
already gathered 1200 men. Pavle has already gathered 3000
men. Bajo's men are at Ostrogf and Pavle's at Kolasin. Tetkicf
(The Cetniks' nickname for the Italians — Prosecutor's note)
say that the decision falls on January 2. So far they allow
movement to Niksic only. Pavle would not bother about what
movement they allow if the question of food, one million anc?
a half rounds, footwear and arms, was not still under discussion^
There is a particularly great shortage of footwear. Pavle, Iva-
nisevic and Rakocevic spent the whole night with me, working*
Today Rakocevic guaranteed that he will get food and s/2oes,
He is convinced that he will get these. Whether he gets them
or not, Pavle will set out, but it is better to be shod than to go*
barefoot Arrange contacts and all the rest in order to com-
plete the preparations. What about Plecas? Did you establish*
contact with Bjelajac and Mitrovic?

Mitranovic with 'the Dinara men could tear the Soviet republic
in two. Therefore Mitranovic should have the strongest forces*
in the action. If Pavle goes by land, he should go across SCepaxt
Polje. It is very likely that he will ride . . . «
In this telegram Mihailovic, among other things, mentions that
the Italians announced that on ^January 2 the decision will be taken*-
This was the decision of the representatives of the German and Italian
General staff made on January 3, 1943, at the meeting in Rome, on
the launching of the Fourth Offensive.

As evidence of the attitude of Mlhallovic's Cetniks and Mihai-
lovic himself in the Fourth Offensive of the invaders against the Nati-
onal Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia, we
quote several extracts from the investigation material
Jevdevic informs Major Ostojic:

»JS& 423 from Istvan (Bacovic), JMs 40. 78. L 1943 — ;
Today permission arrived from Rome for the Montenegrins to
go across Hercegovina. Our troops will be allowed to move
when the Montenegrins start from Prozor. Our direction is
Grahovo — G/amoc. The Italians give food, staff for the radio-
station, supplies and medical staff. They are keeping Bjelajac
for a special action they are carrying out with him in order to
purge Lika. The Germans and the Italians are cutting off the
retreat. To our men they give 100 rounds per soldier and one
thousand machinegun rounds to every machine gunnerf as well
as ten heavy mortars with three thousand grenades. The com-
mander of the army declared that he admired our army and
would supply it with everything. The organization of the libe-
rated zone was left to us. Today / leave for Hercegovina. My
passport is in order, and I am taking with me a radio-telegrap-
hist from the submarine. — Jevdevii.*
Major Ostojic writes to Jevdevic:

>To Jevdevic: I beg you [to obtain most urgently an
order through the Sixth Corps to the effect that the Tauri-
nense division from Plevlje across Foca should supply 5800
Cetniks from the territory of the Governor of Montenegro who
have arrived at Kalinovik. These include the forces of: Buri-
sic, Veskovic, Ruzic and Glumac. Branko.€
Major Ostojic writes to Dobrosav Jevdevic:

>Lukacevic only had on the left bank 700 orthodox
Christians and 400 Moslems. The Moslems scattered after the
first encounter, so that only our men remained.

Demand that the Italians hold out at all costs only until
tomorrow noon, because by noon tomorrow Vojo will receive
reinforcements, 1500 Montenegrins* and will then undoubtedly
check the communists.

Let the Italians bomb the communists ceaselessly and
ask for help from the German column from Bradina. Tell LuJca-
cevic, who has introduced himself $s Capt. Nikola Dnjic, deputy
for Jovanovic, that he must at all costs hold the line: Zlatar —
Konjic—Paklena — Gorfevac — Borasnica — Gsofeac, for which he
will receive a reinforcement of 1500 men tomorrow noon-.

// by chance Konjic shoud fall, organize a supply of food
and ammunition to be dropped to our men, 500 of them, in the
of Borcevina near the village of Bore/, near the church,
and later, at Cicevo. The sign will be two sheets folded into a
rectangle in the direction of the wind. This is indispensable,
for men without food and ammunition cannot fight, and this
would be terrible. I hope that Voja will hold out until the
arrival of reinforcements, because he is a first-class officer and
fighter, but has worked with strangers.

Our troops march daily in the direction: Miljevina —
Kalinovik — Glavatifevo — Bora; see to it that they are not
bombed. Reply immediately. Branko.«

Captain Lukacevic In a letter to Major Ostojic (»Crka Branko«)
writes In his report of February 23, 1943, from Konjic:
»Dear Cika Branko,

Just as I had finished writing yesterday's report in
the village of Dzep, I received an urgent call from Vukcevic
and the Italian command in Konjic to come to their aid, because
on February 22, during the day, the Partisans broke through
the defence line of Vukcevic, captured both Gornja and Donja
Bjela and severed communication between Glavaticevo and
Konjic.

I left Dzep speedily with the Zagora battalion and my
suite, got to the road and followed it into Konjic, where 1
encountered real panic.

After the soldiers had rested a bit, I went and carried
out a short-distance bombing attack against the Partisans, who
were located between Bijela and Ljubinja . . . The battle lasted
contlnously from 1 a. m. to 4 p. m. I believe that by nightfall
we will hold out in our original positions . . .

The Italian command last night showed me a radiogram
sent by Jevdevic, in which he asks that I leave as soon as pos-
sible in the direcion of Jablanica, because the situation of the
Italian garrison there is critical . . .

Because of the situation in Bijela !and environs of Konjic,
I was unable to carry out any movement whatever in the direct-
Jon of Jablanica.

To make up for this I reported that the Italian garrison
should hold out, and that I was coming . . .

Yesterday about 10 a. m., 22. II, a Germano-Croat (L e.
UstaSa — Prosecutor's note) column arrived at Konjic. It started
out in the direction of Pazaric — Tarcin — Sedlo — Bradina —
Brdani — Podorasac — Konjic.

/ saw the commander of this German column on the eve
of Its departure for a night attack, and got the following
information from him.

The direction of his column from Konjic is to be Rama
— Jablanica — Mostar. In addition to this column, another Ger-
man column is advancing from the direction Pazaric — Tarcin.
The direction of this second column is approximately parallel
to flie direction of the first column. One strong German column
is advancing in the direction of Donji Vakuf — Prozor — Aloster.

Both the first and second German columns suffered
serious losses in the battles on Ivan and Bradina. The

second German column seems to up somewhere

along the line Lepovci — Sale.

Have received your orders moment. I see that we
agree In general and that you are of the

of the Germans, but as I have already written to you, with
these small forces and by efforts I repulsed

the first onrush of the Konjic and Bijela.

Since Jablanica has already fallen, there is no for

me to hurry, and I am my In so far a/ 1

spend tomorrow in collecting my forces, particularly I am

now receiving so many reinforcements, so that, the

day after tomorrow, 25, //., / shall a general counter-

attack.

According to reports which are in, we inflicted

serious losses upon the Partisans last and today. My work

Is hampered because every and ! rush to Konjic

and bolster up the morale of the Italian command, who shame-
fully lose it when I am not present.

With faith In God — for and

Draza leads us to glory and freedom! Konjic, 231143,

at 4A5 p. ui., Commander Capt Voj. S. Lukacevic. (signed).

Jevdevic insist upon the dropping of and

ammunition by plane since this garrison is lacking in them.<

This was the attitude of Mihailovic's Cetniks during the Fourth

)ffensive of the enemy against the Army of National Liberation and

} artisan Detachments. As proof of this there are also several of Mihai-

ovic's letters. 28/111/43 Clka £>oka (Mihailovic — Prosecutor's note)

mtes to Branko (Major Ostojic) in his own hand:

»Dear Branko,

We can have n& better line than the Drina — Piva as a
defence line. We must defend it with strong forces who have

a high morale. Although not abandoning flying brigades, we
will content ourselves with a reduced number of them. In addi-
tion to those of Momcilovic, which have crossed over, I think
that at present one unit of at most 300 well-chosen men, should
be sent from Mratinja to Durevo, but these should not be
Mratinja men as they are to remain at their positions, and
only furnish the former with guides.

The communists by now must be preparing something,
after the blow they received; the following are the pos-
sibilities:

1) They might prepare plans for crossing over; in this
case they would be out of reach of artillery fire. This means
from Brod, and Brod itself, and then to the south and from mid-
way between Foca — Ustikolina and thence northwards. As new
22 (Italian — Prosecutor's note) troops have not yet arrived,
take care that from Ustikolina downstream they do not bypass
us and compromise such a good line of defence.

2) They may content themselves with the success achieved
up to now and carry out forcible mobilization on the ter-
ritory won. In this case Cetnik warfare should prevent this.

3) They might attempt to cross over into East Bosnia
— this is most probable, but this possibility requires further
reflection.

It is necessary as 50017 as possible to transport peasant
men and women to the other side and \offer them good rewards
to find out what is happening there, and inform us as soon
as possible on all these matters.

It is urgently necessary to make fortifications along the
banks and continue them all along the line. Care should be
taken to defend the river itself.

To undertake the most active propaganda among the
menf particularly emphasizing that the communists are con-
nected with the Turks and that there are few Serbs among
them, the rest being Turks and Ustasas., To point out their con-
nection with the Germans.

On the first communication line form a new supply
column with at least 150 pack-horses. Two groups of pack-
horses, could be organized at Ipsar and at the mouth of the
Slatina river, so that unloading may be carried out and the
horses changed. For this, very efficient and particularly ener-
getic officers should be appointed, so that the supply service

runs

You said that you had two reserve brigades for the
whole sector from Ustikolina to Scepan Polje. Are there no
more of them?

It is well that you ordered a resolute defence on the
present positions. The morale should be high now.

If they appear on the cliffs, they should be strongly
engaged by the 22 (Italians — Prosecutor's note) — yesterday
they helped well.

The evacuation of the population, if it wants to be eva-
cuated, should be carried out via Cajnice, PlevIJe and further
to Kolasin, and we can later take if over to Hercegovina.

You can remain theref Arrange everything that is neces-
sary for the best defence and reconnaissance on the other side.
Telegrams are Just being received. As soon as we de-code them
we shall send them to you.

28. Ill, at 9.10 hours. Greeting. Cika (Uncle) Doka^,
In another letter dated 11. p. m., April 7, 1943, in Mahailovic's
handwriting, Mlhailovic told Major Ostojlc In which position he
should place an Italian company. Here is an extract from this letter:
»Dear Cika Branko,

Quiet down Voja and tell him who was in that xcolumn*,
but see to it at any rate that Mb 22 (Italians — Prosecutor's
note) send as quickly as possible to the right bank of the Dra-
gacevo river, at least one company, which should be placed
above the sawmills. It is not necessary to cross it for the mo-
ment. The terrain is suitable for the closing up of that line.
During last night I noticed the fires lit by the refugees. Some
of our forces should also be sent there. It would be best to
find about 50 and LazarevM there.

Report what measures you have taken.

7. IV. 23 hours, Cika £)ofca«,

Ostojlc answered this letter from Mihailovid, on April 8 at
0.5 a. m. Here is Ostojlc's answer;

»Dear Cika Bokaf

I have already sent a report to Voja the fugitives

whom you noticed today and explained it to him.

.Nb 22 (Italians — Prosecutor's note) reports that a bat-
talion was sent towards the Dragacevo river. He reports that
at twilight this battalion went behind the patrols. During the
night I shall send 50 men in the direction of the saw-mils,

Momcilovic reports that the Bolsheviks again tried to
cross the Ustikolina, but they were repelled and the crossing

prevented. The battle began at 8.45 p. m. I ordered him to report
to me through 22 (Italians — Prosecutor's note).

April 7 at 11.40 a. in. Greetings, Branko«.
At the bottom of the letter was written In Draza's handwri-
ting, in red pencil:

»/ understand. Thanks. It should however be ascertained
whether battalion 22 (Italians — Prosecutor's note) actually
went to the Dragacevo river.

8, IV. 0.5 Cika Boka.«

. u

teliwle of Ifie jlrsf parf of ihe letter of Mrhailovic io Colonel Bajo Stanisic during
fte Fourth ofensive ,n wfiich the Cefniks fought joinity with the Germans, Italians and
Umm cmmsf *e Army of Hationa! Liberation, Mihailovic confirms that he personally
directed flie 0|>erofions of the Cefniks through Branko (Zaharije Qstojtc) and that no
order was issued without his permission.

Facsmife of the second part of fhe letter fo Bajo Sfanisic containing Instructions that

he should utilize fhe invader in fhe struggle against fhe Army of National Liberation.

Mihailovic signed the letter »cika Doka«j this pseudonym is found in many of his

leftersj he used if in order fo hide his treacherous work.

As can be seen from the above telegrams, Mihailovic's com-
manders did not collaborate with the Germans on their own. They
received instructions and orders for such collaboration from Mihai-
lovic. In the investigation material there is a great number of tele-
grams which Mihailovic sent to his commanders land In which he con-
tinuously repeats the same thing: our chief enemies are the com-
munists (as he called all the members of the National Liberation Mo-
vement), we cannot fight simultaneously against all enemies; the
Germans, the invaders and Nedic's Serbian State Guards should be uti-
lized, we must only be careful to do it secretly; as far as possible,
because the people condemn open collaboration with the invader.
»Try to get arms discreetly, use careful tactics, etc.«

In an undated letter Mihailovic writes in his own hand} to
Dobrosav Jevdevic:

»Take full initiative in developing the organization and
armed forces, but always} keep in mind that the people will not
stand any »legal« work. (Answer to Aera — Jevdevic with sig-
nature »your 1Q01», i. e., Draza).

As can be seen from the above passage from Mihailovic's! let*
ter, he himself draws Jevdevic's attention to the fact that »legal«, d. e.,
public aind open collaboration is harmful and compromising. He
gained this experience in the course of his collaboration with the
Invader. Therefore, when he gives instructions for collaboration he
tries to disguise them. >

In a circular to all the commanders Mihailiovic gives the fol-
lowing instructions:

» . . . It is necessary to do it in this way, as whoever
attacks the Germany is directly helping the communists, and
thus making the situation more difficult for our forces. There-
fore, all armed action against the occupation forces should be
discontinued until I give further orders. We must remem-
ber that we have a great number of enemies. We cannot fight
against all of them simultaneously. Our chief enemies now are
the communists...* (Mihailovic's telegram JMb 708 to> all his
commanders dated May 7, 1944).

Then there is Mihaiilovic's telegram to* Major Ostojic (JSTg 600

dated 1. V. 1944):

»... Utilize. No. 77 (Germans — Prosecutor's note) as
much as possible in order to succeed more easily . . . «
Then Mihailovic's telegram to Jevdevic Ws 611, dated May

2, 1944:

» . . . Utilize the German offensive in Gorski Kotar«.
In the material collected for the Inquiry there are many
similar telegrams from Mihailovlc. Such were his disguised instruct-
ions for collaboration with the invader against the National Libera-
tion Army and Partisan Detachments, which he sent to his command-
ers. And here are examples of the way In which Mihailovic's comman-
ders »utilized<£ the invader.

One of Mihailovic's commanders reports to him:

»JVo. 786 from Ras-Ras (pseudonym of Kalabic — Pro-
secutor's note) No. 711, dated 16. L 1944. On Javor at Kusic and
Katie fighting continues between the communists on th& one
side, and Cetniks, field guards, Germans and Bulgarians on the
other. There are about 3.500 communists. They, are encircled
and should now be finally defeated.^

Here is another example. Mihailovic's commander for Serbia,
General Trifunovid, reports to him:

^Telegrams 468 and 369 received. Details on the situa-
tion, from the intelligence service, received at 4 in the evening:
communists are at Divcibare. They captured the village of Mio-
nica on Subjel mountain. Communist attacks repelled in direct-
ion of Bukovo. Kalabic and Ajdacic fought at Bukovo. There
was fighting on the front from Bukovo to Povlen and from
Bukovo to Razana. Also on Subjel and Previja. Disposition of
forces: Field Guard at Mravinjci, Kalabic at Bukovo. From
Bukovo to Razana, Ajdacic. At Razana one battalion of Ger-
mans and Kalabic's men. At Kosjeric our forces and one bat-
talion of volunteers (Ljotic's — Prosecutors^ note). At Seca
Reka one brigade of Rakovic's and Germans. At Varda one
battalion of Russian White Guards and one battalion of volun-
teers. Af Dub, one battalion of Germans and one battalion of
volunteers. In the area: Razana — Subjel — Kosjeric several
wounded Partisans captured. Ajdacic's losses: one wounded,
one killed and 10 captured. Rakovic and Jankovic: one killed
and one wounded each. In order to avoid confusion, I did not
give any orders concerning this since you are giving instruc-
tions. . .< (telegram from Hans No. 648 and 649 of May 5, 1944).
Nesko Nedic reports to Mihailovic:

^From Gar-Gara (Captain Nesko Nedic) No. 85 dated
May 5, 1944: Forces under my command took the defensive on
the line Bacevci and Kosjeric, L e.f — Valjevo corps with some
Germans hold the left bank of Grac in the heights of Lipa — •
Ravan. At this place all communist attacks were repulsed

yesterday. Ajdacic, with some Germans, Is closing up Bukovik
Razana postitions. In the Razana — Kosjeric area there is a bat-
talion of Germans. Njegovan's brigade, as reserve, holds Div-
cibare. Rakovic's corps is at Kosjeric to carry out offensive.
N»86. — < Continuation. My idea is to create, with support of
Germans, strong protection of Bacevci — Kosjeric line, until
the forces are rallied, and conditions for an annihilating blow
created, then to destroy the First, Second, and finally Third
division. With this object in view, the front against the second
division is today on the defensive, while a new division from
the west is being attacked by a battalion of Germans, and by
three battalions of Ljotic's men, and we are waiting for it. An
attack with engagements is being launched today against the
Fifth division.

Continuation, No. 98 of May 6: I am proceeding today

towards the west with an offensive group, while our right wing

still remains on the defensive at its position at Teskovice. A

volunteer regiment with a battalion of Germans is pushing the

Partisans from Mravinjci towards Radanovci. It seems that the

Second and Fifth division must proceed to the south in the \area

of Tara, and perhaps even towards Bosnia, to be reinforced and

to rest, for they are badly, beaten and have little ammunition.

Two German motorized battalions stand on the road to the

north of Kosjeric ready to cross oven to the area of Jelova

Gora if the Partisans start penetrating towards the south. The

Germans look upon us with suspicion and I am on the watch.«

In the beginning of. 1945, when Mihailovic found himself in a

difficult situation, he openly demanded arms and ammunition from

the Germans — just as, in the (beginning of April 1943, he had asked

for them from the Italians — obliging himself to participate with the

Germans in the operations against the National liberation Army. Here

is one of his telegrams sent to his officer, Colonel Borota:

»M> 645 dated 7. //. 1945, from General Headquarters;
urgent and personal: Through Doder inform JSfb 11 of the fol-
lowing: (N° 11 are Germans — Prosecutor's note) All promises-
concerning ammunition are not yet fulfilled. For this reason
forces from Serbia cannot participate in the action against Tuzla
and in general cannot take part in any action. The forces 'from
Serbia have the impression that delivery is being intentionally
held up, and that in this way Jsfe 11 is deliberately, helping the
communists. All successful work regarding the communists
depends exclusively on ammunition which NQ 11 should give as.

We should not like to spoil our relations. Inform us urgently

of the results and the date of delivery. Consignment to be

handed over to us at Rudanka railway station. . . — C/ca.«

From one of the telegrams It can be seen that Mihailovic

warmly received a diversionary-terrorist-espinage group, which the

Gestapo -sent from Vienna, after It had finished Its training, with the
task of crossing over Into Serbia to carry out diversionary, terrorist
and espionage acts. Mihailovic reports to Colonel Borota:

>Ns 8 from General Headquarters, January 14, 1945:
Call Colonel Pavlovic (commander of all Mlhailovlc's diver-
sionary-espionage-terrorist groups called »commandos« Prose-
cutor's note) and with him establish contact with Gara (Caspar
revic — leader of the group sent by Vienna Gestapo — (Pro-
secutor's note), / repeat with Gara; inform Pavlovic that I have
nothing against receiving the men under the command of Gara
at our headquarters' Colonel Pavlovic should take special
instructors from Gara in order to utilize their experience. Hold
a meeting with Gara, but it would be useful if Colonel Pavlovic
were also present. . . • — C/ca.«

These few excerpts are sufficient to prove the seriousness of
the treason committed by Mihailovic In the most critical days of war
and occupation, when our peoples were carrying on a life and death
straggle against the German-fascist Invaders and their servants and
helpers. And when, at the public trial, the whole of the investigation
material Is discussed, then the really treacherous character of one of
the most perfidious traitors known In the history of the peoples of
Yugoslavia will appear In Its true light. It will then be clearly seen
that Mihailovic and the whole of his organization were nothing but
a kind of >fifth columns of the German fascist Invaders and that
fundamentally there was no essential difference between Mihailovic
and the quislings Nedic and Pavelic.

All during the war and occupation, Mihailovic, constantly
inspired and helped . by reactionary circles abroad, especially In
England and America, fought exclusively with the aim of suppressing
the liberation movement of the peoples of Yugoslavia. In this
struggle he continuously collaborated with the quislings and the
invaders.

Further, Mihailovic is not only a wicked traitor to our peoples,
but also an especially wicked war criminal. In the Investigation mate-
rial, attached to the indictment, there Is a large file with numerous
documents of horrible war crimes committed by Mihailovid's military

UPAFH qHKA WKO I

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1942

of Islvan (Pefar Bacovic) fo Cika Doka (Draza Mihailovic) concerning the coope-
raiion of BIrcanm and Jevdevic wifh the Italians,

formations and terrorist bands, who acted according to instructions
and orders issued by Mihailovic.

In the course of the occupation, Mihailovic created a system
for -the committing of war crimes, a system of militarized banditry,
which -differed from ordinary banditry only In the fact that the crimes
were committed by organizations formed as military bodies which
were linked and centralized, and subordinated to the will of the sup-
reme leader, the supreme commander. We shall quote a few typical
circulars, instructions and orders of Mihailovic from numerous similar
documents contained in the investigation material, from which it will
be seen what a system of militarized banditry the accused Mihailovic
had created.

Mihailovic gives Instructions in a telegram to Majors Racic and
Bacovic:

>JYo276 dated August 18, 1942, to Borde (Racic — Prose-
cutor's note) and Istvan (Bacovic — Prosecutor's note):

It is very important and absolutely necessary to defeat
the communists so that no trace of them is left. They have
undertaken a campaign against us, because they are furious at
being almost completely wiped out in the country . . . «
Further, Mihailovic issues orders in a circular to all the com-
manders in Serbia:

»As 921 dated March 2, 1943. Circular to everybody in Serbia.
There are only few communists left in Serbia. In West
Bosnia we are annihilating them daily. In bitter despair Com-
rade Tito calls upon the people to join the uprising, and for
that reason individual small groups have re-appeared. !f there-
fore, most energetically demand and order that everybody on
Ms own territory annihilates the very last remnants of the com-
munists, and informs me about it by March 25. Let us prove
to these blackguards that they have nobody among the people,
and that their onlyi weapon is their lying propaganda. I em-
phasize that there are areas where there is not a single com-
munist, and where the commanders are worthy of their duty*
For this annihilation use the Serbian State Guard to the utmost
For the execution of this task make contact with the neigh-
bours^

In a telegram Mihailovic sends an order to Pavle DuriSc
(Duzepe):

»JSfs 2033 dated May 9, 1943, to Duzepe:

Send your demand for Ruzic Ihrough Radulovic. My
opinion is that the communists should be annihilated by attack-

ing on all fronts. Bacovic is advancing from Ravnl towards
Piva and through Sutjeska towards Scepani Polje. He has cap-
tured Kalinovik, Major Keserovic has taken over the w/jo/q
area on the right bank of the Lim river and in a few days he
will purge it from all sympathizers. We shall liquidate what is
not good and shall do it at once.«
He further gives orders to his commander He-He:
>JVTs 171 dated 25. IX. 1943, for He-He:

Your number 966 — 969 link. Continue purging your areas
of communists. Through propaganda win over the Toplica
people to our cause. Purge the area of sympathizers by means
of the Black Threes. . .«

And further, Mihailovic in a telegram sends an order to- his
commander Emil:

»N°511 dated Nov. 18, 1943, to Emil: — I received all your
telegrams regarding the carrying out of actions, against the
communists (jsfe 193 to 205). I agree with the suspension <pf the
commander of the second flying brigade, as the sole obstacle
to a definite liquidation of the communists. I am very satisfied
that you have broken through to Jastrebac and that you have
established contact with Keserovic. Very energetic work on
purging the area not only of communists but also of their
helpers is very necessary now. . .«

While reading these telegrams one should bear in mind
firstly, that Mahailovte always refers to all the members of the Nati-
onal Liberation Movement as »communists«, and especially the fight-
ers of the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of
Yugoslavia.

Secondly, from the telegrams quoted it can -be .seen that Mihai-
lovic explicitly orders the execution of sympathizers and helpers of
communists, i. e. the civilian population, who followed with sympathy
and helped as far as it could the heroic struggle of the National Liber-
ation Army and Partisan Detachments against the fascist invaders
and their servants in the country.

And thirdly, it should not be forgotten that the investigating
material contains hundreds of similar documents.

For the execution of such instructions Mihailovic formed within

his organization special instruments: the »Black Threes«, and the

>Flying brigades^. The chief of the »Black Threes* in Yugoslavia was

Mihailovic himself. Here is what he says about the »Black Thiteefc«.

^Threes for the application of the letter Z (first letter

of the word »zafclatk — to cut the throat of — Prosecutor's

note) carry with them as an identification sign a clover leaf
with four petals made of grey cardboard. Inform the neigh-
bours. Cica.

Ne 640 dated Sept 21, 1942, Draza's telegram:
. . .»0/ice a man is marked with the letter Z it is never
removed . . . Greetings, C/ca«.

Draza's telegram NQ 646 dated Sept. 22, 1942:
». . . Chief of the Threes in Yugoslavia warns the Threes
that they are too bold and open in their approach and that
they should, on the contrary, attack from the rear. . .« (Mihai-
lovic's telegram to the president of the Yugoslav government
Slobodan Jovanovid in which he explains what the »Black
Threesc are.« — M> 116, 321 of July 27, 1942.).
There was not a single Cetnik brigade which did not contain
several »Black Threesc who- worked exclusively according to orders
given by commanders of brigades. According to the 'structure of his
organization, Mihailovic had brigades in almost all the districts of
Serbia, Montonegro, Sandzak, Bosnia, Hercegovina, Lika, etc. In each
district several >Black Threes« functioned. In many towns Mlhailo-
vic's »Black Threesc also functioned with the full support of the
quisling police and the condescending tolerance of the invader. The
»Black Threes^ were composed of specially chosen sadistic and blood-
thirsty types. Thus Mihailovic established a special mechanism for
slaughtering all the adherents of the National Liberation Movement.
Mihailovic's >Flying brigades* had the same tasks as the >Black
Threes^ and, in addition, they had to purge the terrain of small
Partisan groups. Here is what Mdhailovic's telegrams say about this:
> . . . The task of the ^Flying brigades€ is to definitely
purge their terrain of communists and their sympathizers
and other elements destructive to our organization, in so far as
this has not already been done. To avoid conflicts with the
invader, brigades should live outside of inhabited places, in
huts, and should frequently change their quarters€. (Mihailo-
vic's general instructions — telegrams NQ 2293 of May
29, 1943).

Mihailovic's orders for the killing of ^communists and their
helpers^ were executed not only by the >Black Threes^ and >FIying
brigades^, but also by all his corps, brigades, battalions and com-
panies.

From beginning to end,' having set up Ms organization as; a
P-an-Serbian organization — as an armed force of the Pan-Serbian
reaction, Mihailovic inspired his organization with chauvinistic hatred

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9 .feSpyapa 1944

Report of the Vojvodina Cetnik Staff to Mihailovic, and his note.

against the Croatian people and the Moslem population, 'and
against the other peoples of Yugoslavia. Among the Serbian people,
he and his helpers, both those in the country and those in emigration,
especially the Pan-Serbian reactionaries in the emigrant government^

constantly instigated chauvinistic hatred against the Croats and Mos-
lems, accusing the whole Croatian people and the Moslems of the hor-
rible massacres of the Serbian population, which were really carried
out by the fascist servants — Paveltc's Ustasas.

We quote only a few excerpts from the documents contained
in the investigation material, in order to demonstrate how Mihailo-
vic's »Black Threes^, »Flying brigades^, corps, brigades, etc, executed
his instructions.

Major Zaharije Ostojic reports to Mihailovic:

^Yesterday I completed the action as far as Ustikolina and
Jahorina ridge. Ustasas well beaten. According to details obta-
ined, about 500 dead and about 1000—2000 Moslems slaugh-
tered. All the troops good fighters, but much better plunderers,
except Par/e. The fall of Foca had a good effect, Moslems
fleeing in masses to Sarajevo. Ordered troops to return home
and am since yesterday at Kalinovik solving other questions
with Istvan and Jevdevic. Now they are satisfied. 1002*.
(Telegram .Nl> 466 of August 23, 1942).
Bacovic informs Mihailovic.

»/ have returned from my trip through Hercegovina.
Four of our battalions, about -900 men, set off on August 30
via ljubusko, Imotsko, Podgora, and reached the sea at
Makarska. 17 Ustasa villages burnt 900 Ustasas killed. Several
catholic priests skinned alive. For the first time after the down-
fall, our flag hoisted by the sea, and Draza Mihailovic cheered.
Our losses very small.* (Telegram JVT° 544 of September 4,
1942). Jesa Simic sends a telegram to Mihailovic:

>JRas' units in fights with the Reds had no losses, while
they had four dead. Karadorde in the village Banja slaughtered
eighteen outstanding and hardened Reds. Purging still con-
tinues in the direction of Darosava. Dom is ill, he is receiving
injections; units on terrain are energetically pursuing the
Reds. Greetings. Dr$Jca< — (Telegram js& 804 of January
15, 1943).
Mihailovic's commander Dal-Dal reports to him:

»We caught fourteen alive and slaughtered them. Rein-
forcements reached our men later, 150 men from Grahovo
and 200 from the Strmnica Brigade. The battle continued day
and night in storm and snow. And while I am writing this
to you, our men are driving the communists over Stoziste
and Grahovo towards the village of Ticevo in the direction of
Glamoc. In this battle so far we have killed 93 communists,

while 28 were caught alive and slaughtered.*. — (Telegram
NO 12692 of Dec. 17, 1943).
And further:

»We lost there three fighters and 2 rifles, and captured
4 machine guns, 11 rifles and 140 communists, among whom
were 7 Serbs and all the rest were Croats. Our fighters let 3
Serbs go home and all the rest they slaughtered and threw
into a pit. Our fighters say that they are incorrigible and
completely corrupt, and that they died unrepentant.« —
(Telegram N° 12627 of December 17, 1943).
Lieutenant-Colonel Radojevic Informs Mihailovic:

»Since the Serbian outcast's helped the proletarian scum
in certain villages, I ordered the liquidation of entire families,
the burning of homes and whole villages in which the Parti-
sans find shelter. This I have ordered because we have lost the
best of our nationalists on account of the outcasts of our
people«. — (Telegram NO 13007 of December 28, 1943 froim
Georgije).

In his report marked strictly confidential, JNPe 23 dated January
I, 1943, Mihailovic's commander Pavle Durisic informis him:

»To the Chief of Staff of the Supreme Command — at
the front The action on the right bank of the Lim river in
Bjelo Polje district is finished. It was executed exactly accor-
ding to plan. The result of this battle is:

1) The following Moslem villages entirely destroyed:
(Sector: Plevlje, Sjenicaf Pec and Kolasin):

Voljavac, Gubavaca, Radijelja, Usakovici, Presecenik,
Baturici, Donji Vlah, (Plevlje region), Murovici, Solja, Rado-
jeva Glava, Pobratici, Medise, Donja Kostenica, Stublo, Vrh,
Zmijinac, Sipovice, Negobratina, Osmanbegovo Selo, Dupljati,
Jasen, Kostici, Kasevar, Ivanje, Godijevo, Zilica, Gornja Crnca,
Gornji Radulici, Vrba, Crkalj, Kradenik, Sipanje, Licani,
(Sjenica — Pec sector). In all 33 villages.

2)Losses of Moslem fighters about 400, women and chil-
dren about WOO.

The commander of the Kladanj Brigade, Second-Lieutenant
Stevo Vojnowc Informs the commander of the Ozren military Cet-
iilk corps:

» . . . The battalions have been sent back to pursue the
criminals and to catch them. We killed everyone we laid our
hands on, In the place where the crime took place, killed about
10 persons and burned the villages. In the reprisals the Vlase-
nica Brigade took a particularly prominent part, especially

Rajko Celonja with his battalion. According to him and his
men, about 150 were killed, both men and women, while on
all sides the flames of the burned villages rose to the sky . . . <

Pavle Burisic in Ms report of February 13, 1943 -informs
Mihailovic:

»To the Chief of Staff of the Supreme Command: The
action in P/ev/je, Cajnice and Foca districts against the Moslems
has been carried out. The operations were executed exactly
according to orders. The attack began at the appointed time.

MihaJfovJcfs commander, Colonel Bajo Sfanisic (left), Italian Governor of Montenegro,
Pirzio Biroli, and Bishop Joanikije arriving at a ceremony.

AH the commanders and units carried out their tasks satisfac-
torily. On the night of the 7th of this month our detachments
had already reached the Drina river, so that the battles were
mostly finished on that day, and then followed the purging
of the liberated territory. All Moslem villages in the three above
mentioned districts are entirely burnt, so that not one of their
houses has remained undamaged. All property has been
destroyed except the cattle, wheat and hay. In certain places
the collection of fodder and food has been ordered so that we
can set up warehouses for reserve food for the units which

have remained on the terrain in order to purge It and to search
the wooded areas, as well as to establish and strengthen the
organization on the liberated territory. During operations,
complete annihilation of the Moslem population was under-
taken, regardless of sex and age.

Victims . . . among the Moslems, about 1200 fighters and
up to 8 thousand other victims: women, old men and children...«
Bacovic informs Mihailovic in a telegram:

»/ have burned entire villages, I have 170 prisoners. I
am executing the people by shooting every day. . .« (Telegram
JSTs 2960 from Istvan for 570, JMb215, April 2, 1943).
Mihailovic trained this savage band of robbers, who did not
shrink from any crime. In addition to massacre, burning of villages
and plundering, Mihaiilovic's Cetniks committed acts of violation. His
commander Luj informs him:

»/f was daylight and my eyes are to be trusted, for my pride
as a man and as an officer in the Guards does not permit me to
fall so low in these difficult days. Milos violated a communist
girl and then killed her. I did not report him, because I consi-
dered it was not the time to make reports about such things
and that this was no reason to remove him as detrimental A
detailed report follows«. (Telegram JVfe 10,460 o-f Novem-
ber 1943).

The following note was written by Mihailovic's »legailized«
corps commander Milos Glisic:

^Imprisoned communist women are used . . .«, and on
the other side of the notebook is the phrase: »Communist wo-
men are used for sexual purposes. . .« (This is Glisic's note-
book for 1941).

Mihailovic did not shrink from liquidating parachutists who
were forced to land from damaged Allied planes. Nerre is an
example. In telegram JSfe 467 dated December 10, 1943, Mihailovic
issued -an order to Hugo (Bora Mitranovic):

»/n connection with jour 'number 137, -we inform you
that 'both parachutists are spies of the worst kind... Court-
martial them immediately. They came to work against us. This
is the charge 'against them«.

Following the line given J>y Mihailovic, his commanders com-
mitted espionage for the benefit of 'the invader, collected details on
the attitude and opinion of patriots .and 'reported regularly to the
quisling police or to the invader, and often %sked the invader to shoot

a certain number of the followers of the National Liberation Move-
ment. Here are several examples:

Capt. Vignjevic (Azed) in telegram JV§ 314, dated January 4,
1944, Informs Mihailovic:

»Today / received from Disa Jovanovic a list of com-
munists in Pozega, which was composed at your orders. I im-
mediately forwarded it through the proper channels to the
right quarters^.

Capt. Rakovic (Frike) in telegram 2550. Jsfs 110 dated March
23, 1943 Informs Mihailovic:

> . . If a soldier of the invader should be killed in this
area the houses are not all to be burned, but only those belong-
ing to Partisans, who are listed, and only Partisans should be
killed*. (Rakovic concluded these terms with the German com-
mander of Goraji Milanovac — Prosecutor's note).
Sava Vukadinovic (Dra-Dra) in telegram JST® 9861 dated April
22, 1943 reports to Mihailovic:

> . . . For flie murder of Bajo (Stanisic — Prosecutor's
note) and Blazo (Dukanovid — Prosecutor's note) / have asked
our men in Podgorica to appeal to the Germans, through Arsa
Petrovic, to shoot 300 communists released from the prison at
Bar, who were again arrested in Podgorica^.
The Cetniks in the Italian zone of occupation received consider-
able sums of money, from the Italians for each Partisan killed. Here
is an example:

»The Headquarters of the Zeta Flying Detachment JV«
321, May 13, 1943, Danilov Grad. To the commander of the
4th Cetnik battalion Capt Spiro Stojanovic — Danilov Grad.
For the killed deserter and rebel, the communist Jagos Kontte.
the sum of 30.000 (thirty thousand) lire has been paid out as
a reward by the treasurer of the »Ferr arac division.

As the killing of the above mentioned man on January
14, 1943, was carried out by the men of the 4th Cetnik Bat-
fa/ioi3 with gendarmes attached, and by some peasants- send me
immediately a list of persons who participated in his capture
and killing, including gendarmes and militiamen, in order
that the allotted rewards may be distributed to them. Com-
mander CoL Bajo Stanisi£, s/gnecfc.

From these various short excerpts, taken from the detailed
investigation material regarding the war crimes committed by Draza
Mihailcwftc tod his organization, at can be stated without exaggeration
that, io view of the brutality and gravity of the crimes com-

mitted, and In view of the enormous number of victims, Mihaiilp-
vic may be classed among- the most notorious criminals of this war;
undoubtedly he is not far behind either the quisling Nedic or Pavelic.
As leader of the Cetnik organization which committed
these countless grave crimes, Mihaiiovic bears criminal responsibi-
lity for each particular crime committed by each and every adherent
of his organization, even if many of the perpetrators of these crimes
who belonged to his organization, were unknown to him, Thfe prin-
ciple has also been adopted by the International Court in Niirnberg
which is trying the German-fascist war criminals.

Photograph taken af Dvori, near Bjeljma, on September 28, 1944; 1) Mihaiiovic,
2) Colonel McDowell of the American Army, 3) Mustafa Muialic, and a group of Ustasas,

Mihaiiovic is responsible for all these actual crimes, and for
each individual crime, as an accessory, because they were com-
mitted by organizations which were subordinate to him (Black Threes,
Flying brigades, etc.) and which only carried out his directions and
orders. Therefore Mhafiovic in reality committed all these crimes
indirectly through Ms organizations, through men who comprised
those organizations. Between him and the perpetrators of the crimes
there existed a relationship of the absolute subordination of the per-
petrators of the crimes towards him, which relationship made possible
tbe application of severe measures on the part of Draza Mhiailpvic

against any member of his organization who dared to refuse to
carry out an order Issued by him. Of course, this does not mean that

perpetrators of specific crimes are not criminally responsible, for
only feeble-minded persons and children are not held responsible
before the law. And the Cetnik criminals do not belong to this cate-
gory. On the contrary they were fully aware of the nature of the cri-
mes they were comitting, but they committed them nevertheless, for
they were imbued with furious hatred against the adherents of the
National Liberation Movement, with inflamed chauvinistic hatred
against the Croats and Moslems, instilled in them by Mihailovic and
his helpers In directing the Cetnik organization.

Moreover, Mihailovic is criminally responsible as the creator of
the criminal system of militarized banditry, which after the liberation
of our country, became just common banditry. Mihailovic is the direct
perpetrator of this crime. It is graver thae any specific crime, howe-
ver serious, because all specific war crimes are only the result of the
putting into practice and consistent application of militarized banditry.
Together with Mihailovic his collaborators are also held
responsible, both for treason and for war crimes, namely: the accused
Stevan Moljevic, Mladen 2ujovic and 2ivko Topalovic, because^ as
leaders of Mihailovic's so-called Central National Committee, they
collaborated most closely with Mihailovic in directing the Cetnik
organization. This can best be seen from excerpts taken from the
evidence given by Mihailovic to the examining magistrate. This read
as follows:

^Telegrams from abroad were typed in one copy, each
of which we read together (this refers to Moljevic, Dragi§a
Vasic, and Mladen 2ujovic — Prosecutor's note) and they also
received copies of all telegrams from the interior. After stu-
dying the telegrams, they would return them to me for destruct-
ion. In this way, they were informed of the contents of all tele-
grams from the interior of the country and abroad, regardless
of their military or political nature.

Written reports which were sent from the terrain were
submitted to them for consideration if they were of a political
character; they retained reports of a purely political nature,
but If they contained any military matter they would return
them to me.

I had no secrets from these three men, nor did I hide
anything from them. We worked together on the telegrams,
in the same room and as far as other written work was con-
cerned, everyone worked according to his own branch in his

own room. Be/ore or after work, we would discuss matters

together and all work was the result of our common effort. «

(Page 131 and 137 Mihailovic's record).

To the question asked by the examining magistrate as to whet-
her Moljevic and 2ujovic were kept informed of military operations,
and whether he asked them for their approval on these questions also,

Mihailovic answered: —

»/ have said that I never hid anything from them. As
far as I know they never disagreed with me in military ques-
tions either «. Page 132 Mihailovic's record).
In answer to the question of the examining magistrate as to who

decided general lines of the policy towards the Partisan Movement,

Mihailovic replied:

»[/p to the time of the congress at Ba, this policy was
laid down by Vasic, Moljevic and Zujovic«. (Page 133 — Miha-
ilovic's record).

In connection with the proclamations which were published in
the press, Mihailovic said: —

»They were the result of common efforts.«
Finally, speaking about relations of the Executive Committee
of the so-called Central National Committee, and the Supreme Com-
mand, Mihailovic says:

»These were two parallel institutions. The Executive
Committee was the supreme political body, and the Supreme
Command was the supreme military staff. Both institutions
were united in my person. Both these institutions, under the
conditions of war, coordinated in the fullest sense of the word,
and such was the situation in my organization that the activities
of the Supreme Command and of the Executive Committee
supplemented and helped each otheri

The Supreme Command could take action, for it had at
its disposal military power, but, in this case the Supreme Com-
mand bore full responsibility, and the Executive Committee
could threaten to resign, which exerted pressure on the Com-
mander, so that he had to take into account the attitude of
the Executive Committees (Page 135 Mfyailovic's record).
I answer to the question as to whether opposing viewpoints,
in connection with military actions of the Cetkiik organizations,
occurred between Mm and his supreme command and the Executive
Committee of the Central National Committee, Mihailovic replied:

>JVo. Unanimity existed in our work*. —

Preuzvisenosti,

Preplavivsi Srbiju I dru^e srpske pokrajine,
Icoiministicki val od nekoga vremena zapljuskuje i one^po-
krajine,koje nastanjuje krvatpki narod. On se sve vise
sir! i, narocito poslednjib dana, preti da preplavi i
te krajeve, onako isto kako je to bio slue a j u Tninuloj
godini sa srpskim krajevima. Prilikom prve audijencije,
kojom ste donosiocu ovoga plsma ucinill cast* imao je OB
prilike da obavesti Vasu Preuzvisenost o svima nevolja-
ma i patnjama,sto ih je komunizam prouzrokovao srpskome
narodu u toku rsAVoliko minulih meseci.

Osecajuci u ovim 5asovima potre"bu da, pored
ostalih, i Vasoj Preuzvi^enosti, kac duhovnome vodji ior-
vatskoga naroda, skreiaem paznju na wve strahote eventu-
alnog konranistickog osvajanja iirvatskoga prostora; men!
je Sast da u prilogu 4ostavin> Vasoj Preuzvisenosti je -
dan memoar a kome sn izlozena moja gledista na sadalnjj
vojni i politick! polozaj. Donosilac ovoga pisma "bice
Vasoj Ekselenciji na raspolozenju za eventualna dal.ia
obavestenja,

Bez obzira na sve one momente i okolnosti,
koji STI nas ill koji bi nas mogli deliti, ja smatram za
svoju duznost, da zamolim i Vasu Preuzvilenost, da xilo-
2i sav svoj uticaj i sve svoje napore u cilju aktivira-
nja svih nacionalnih snaga larva tskoga naroda u "borbi pro
tivu bolj^evizma. Upucujuci Vam ovu molbu, ja gelim da
verujem,da ce Vasa Preuzvisenost, iduci stopama svojiis.
velild h prethodnika, odgovoriti sv±m onim Istorljalclm
duznostima i zadatcima,koji se pred Vasu Preuzvisenost
postavljaju u danasnjim teskim vremenima. Jer, od pra-
vilnoga shvatanja tih duznosti i zadataka sa strane Va-
Se Preuzvisenosti zavisice i mesto, sto ce gm istorija
3iriscanstva»a napose Iirvatskoga naroda, Vasoj PreusrviSe-
nosti^dodeliti.

U torn verovanju i nadi% ja preporucujen Va§oj
naklonoj paznji donosioca ovoga pisma i molim Vaiu
visenost, da i ovom prilikom primi izraze moga
po§tovanja.

Vrbovna Komanda, 15 aprlla 1Q45-

armii ,^c± , general

<Wl*&4>.

Hjegovoj Preuzvigenosti '

d-ru A10JZIJU S f E P J F C U,
nadbiskupu zagrebaSkom i metro-
politi larvatskom *

Zagreb

Facsimile of Mihoitovrc's letter fo Archbishop Stepinec concerning the question of
cooperation against the forces of the National Liberation Movement.

100

In answer to the question put by the examining -magistrate as to
whether the members of the Executive Committee of the Central
National Committee were acquainted with the work of Mihailovic's
commanders and his representatives in various staffs, Mihai-
lovic replied:

»/ have already declared that I hid nothing from them«.

From these extracts, taken from Mihailovic's testimony, it can
best be seen that the accused Moljevic and 2ujovic were Mihailovic's
closest collaborators in directing the Cetnik organization in
what was fundamental and essential, that is, in deciding the general
line of policy of Mihailovic's Cetnik organization which is expounded
in detail in -the indictment, and which, in practical application, was
essentially the policy of multilateral collaboration with the invader,
both military and political, in the struggle against the National Libe-
ration Movement. This is obvious, despite the efforts of the Cetnik
propaganda, at home and abroad, to cloak their treason with empty
slogans.

Towards the end of 1943, the accused 2iivko Topalovic entered
the circle of Mihailovic's closest associates in the administration of
the Cetnik organization. He made every effort, to a great extent suc-
cessfully, to entice a certain number of promiment members from
almost all the former political parties (Democrat, Radical, Yugoslav
National Party and others) to collaborate with Mihailovic. Topalovic
thought that he would save Mihailovic — who was compromised as a
collaborator with the enemy, both at home and abroad — by engaging
politicans who considered that they still had a certain authority
among the people and abroad, although they had not contributed1
anything to the National Liberation Struggle against the enemy.

After the congress of the representatives of the Cetnik organ-
ization and a considerable number of leading figures from former
political parties, held in the village of Ba at the end of January 1944,
Topalovic remained at Mihailovic's Headquarters as a member of the
>Committee of Threes chosen at the congress in Ba, and, like Molje-
vic, he collaborated most intimately with Mihailovic in leading the
Cetnik organization during the period of its open, collaboration with
the invader in the struggle against the National Liberation Army and
Partisan Detachments, up to his departure abroad.

After their departure abroad, 2ujovic and Topajoydc continued
their collaboration with Mihailovic, maintaining it throughout by means
c>f radio communication. In agreement with Mihailovic they formed
the so-called Central National : Committee abroad, this continued to
collaborate with Mihailovic and various Yugoslav emigrants on all

101

questions connected with the development of the political situation* in
Yugoslavia.

During the war and occupation the accused Slobodan Jova-
novic, Bozidar Puric, Momcilo Nincic, Petar 2lvkovic5 Radoje Kne-
zevic, Milan Gavrilovic and Zivan Knezevic, although abroad, also col-
laborated with Mihailovic and his other intimate associates in the
country in leading the Cetnik organization. Most aspects of this col-
laboration are set down in the indictment

It may be asked, why are only the above mentined persons in
the emigrant Government accused as collaborators of (Mihailovic in
administering the Cetnik organization, when the emigrant Govern-
ment included other persons who held cabinet positions. To this que-
stion we can only answer that during the course of the present
Inquiry, documents were found which incriminate them, and which
confirm that they collaborated with the enemy, through Mihailovic.

Therefore they, together with Mihailovic, must bear their share
of legal responsibility for treason against our peoples during the war
and occupation and for the grave war crimes committed by the
Cetnik organization, led by Mihailovic, Slobodan Jovanovic and
other intimate associates of Mihailovic In the leadership of the orga-
nization. Their criminal responsibility is that of abettors and accom-
plices in the act of collaboration with the enemy against the peoples
of Yugoslavia, and in the war crimes committed by the Cetnik orga-
nization and by Mihailovic as Supreme Commander of this orga-
nization.

In the evidence, there is sufficient proof to establish that the
accused Slobodan " Jovanovic and others, including Fotic, represented
a close clique among the Yugoslav emigrants, and that this clique kept
in contact with the accused Mihailovic, and exercized such Influence in
official circles of the Yugoslav emigrants, that It dictated to them its
general attitude in relation to the accused Mihailovic and his activity in
the occupied homeland , The attitude of this clique, according to the
evidence at the disposal of the Inquiry, coincided at all points with
the attitude of the accused Mihailovic: even more,, this clique gave
Mihailovic instructions for his work on matters pertaining to his
general line of activity, and various political, military and other
matters.

Thanks to" the influence of this clique, whose core was repre-
sented by the accused Slobodan Jovanovic land others, including Fotic,
the accused Mihailovic was given the rank of Minister of War in the
•emigrant government at the beginning of- 1943, when he had already
entered into open collaboration with the Invaders and other hire-

102

lings of the enemy, along the entire line. In June 1942, when Mdhai-
lovic was already completely compromised through his collaboration
with the Italians in the Third Offensive of the invaders against the
Partisans, through the influence of this clique, Mihailovic's staff was,
by a decree of King Peter P. V. K. N. 662, dated June 10, 1942, trans-
formed into the »Staff of the Supreme Command with all rights1 and
duties according to the Law concerning the Composition of Army and
Navy in War Time« and by decree V. K. N. 662 of June 10|, 1942,
Mihailovic was appointed »CMef of Staff of the Supreme Command
in the occupied fatherland«, »so that everything was now centered in
him«. Thus relations of the closest collaboration were created bet-
ween Mihailovic and the official circles of the Yugoslav emigration,
both regarding the activity of the Cetnik organization in this country
and the activity of the former official organs of the Yugoslav state
abroad, relations which obliged Mihailovic to follow the instructions
and orders of the Yugoslav emigrant government.

This collaboration was in no way fictitious, despite the fact
that Mihailovic was in an occupied country and the Yugoslav emi-
grant government was abroad, the chief connection being between
Mihailovic and the accused Slobodan Jovanovic, and others who main-
tained exclusive contact with Mihailovic. This link was maintained by
radio and by various other channels, through couriers. In this way
Mihailovic sent reports on his activity to the Yugoslav emigrant
government and received instructions from it, primarily from the
clique whose most influential members were the accused Slobodan
Jovanovic, Puric, Ninoic, Zivkovic^ Radoje Knezevic, Gavrilovic and
2ivan Knezevic. This clique entirely approved of Mihadlovic's activity,
commended him and did all it could to extend full help to him,
although it knew that he was collaborating with the enemy and had
committed serious war crimes against the peoples of Yugoslavia.

The general line of Mihailovic's activity and that of his orga-
nization was the result of the common consultations and decisions of
Mihailovic and Ms supreme political organ at his Headquarters on the
one hand, and the accused Slobodan Jovanovic and his companions
on the other. Here are several illustrations of this from the evidence:

Slobodan Jovanovic in Ms letter, marked ^strictly confidentiak
V. K? M» 409, and dated May 7, 1942, writes to the Minister of Foreign
Affairs, inter alia:

> . . . We are doing everything secretly and over the

radio so that premature actions on a large scale should not be

103

undertaken because of the futile and disproportionate number
of victims and horrible reprisals , . . «c

As can be seen it is the same policy that was advocated by.
Mihailovic from the first days of the formation of the Cetnik organ-
ization.

Further, Slobodan Jovanovic In his letter to- the Minister of
Foreign Affairs, marked »strictly confidentiak V. K. JVc 646, and
dated July 14, 1942, writes:

> . . . General Mihailovic has been given instructions to
begin an insurrection only in case of the landing of strong
allied forces in Yugoslavia, or in the case of the collapse of Ger-
many. In no other case and at no invitation of any radio sta-
tion at all . . .«

From this excerpt it can be seen that Mihailovic's policy — •
»it is not yet time for the straggle against the invaders ... a favo-
urable moment should be awaited ... it is not yet time ... we shall
start an uprising when the proper moment comes „ . . « — was not
determined by him alone, but was the result of the joint deci-
sion arrived at by Mihailovic and the accused Slobodan Jovanovid
and others.

As can be seen from these excerpts, Mihailovid did not decide
alone upon his course of action, but in consultation with the deciding
factors of the Yugoslav emigrant government. Against whom he was
to fight, whether to struggle against the invader or wait for the
>proper time*, or annihilate the Partisans — Mihailovic decided
all these questions in consultation with the accused Slobodan Jovanovic
and others.

The accused Slobodan Jovanovic, Puric, Mncic and others
praised and fully approved of Mihailovid's work, although they knew
well that he was collaborating with the enemy. Thus, for instance, the
accused Slobodan Jovanovic, in a telegram D.K.V.B. We 75 dated
August 6, 1942 says: i

»To General Mihailovic . „ „ / approve of your work, as
well as that of your collaborators, for the good of our people
and the resurrection of our fatherland, and I commend yon.
Establish similar organizations in all regions of Yugosla-
via. Supreme Commander Petar. — Jovanovifa
And Mihailovic informs Ms commander Bujic in a telegram
N° 194 dated January 16, 1943, to Bernard through Istvan:,

>/ am doing all in my power to prevent pro-
paganda.*. for the Partisans. The president of the govern-
ment, Slobodan Jovanovic, is undertaking the most energetic

104

measures to prevent this. Rest assured of this. For this reason
we should annihilate as soon as possible these hyenas among
our people . . . Have confidence in Slobodan Jovanovic and the
Supreme Command. Cica.«

However, the accused Slobodan Jovanovic and the others did
not satisfy themselves only wdth words of praise sent to Miihailovic.
They distributed the highest military order (the Karadorde Star) tio
Mihailovic's comanders: Pavle Durisic, Ilija Trifunovic-Barcanin, Jez-
dimir Dangic, Petar Bacovic, Vojislav Lukacevic, Major Ostojic,
Nikola Kalabic, Predrag Rafcovic, Zvonimir Vuckovic, Dobrosav Jevde-
vic, Father Dujic, Rade Radic, Slavoljub Vranjesewc, Dragutin Kese-
rovic, Capt. Racic and others, who openly collaborated with the Ger-
mans, Italians, Ustasas, Medic's -and Ljotic's men, the Bulgarian inva-
ders, the Russian »White Guards«, and other sworn enemies of the
peoples of Yugoslavia. In this way they helped them in all their mea-
sures and outrages aimed at suppressing the heroic National Liberation
Struggle of the peoples of Yugoslavia. On the other hand, they
discharged active officers of the former Yugoslav army, who, having
entered the ranks of the National Liberation Army 'and Partisan
Detachments, participated in the fierce fighting against the enemy
and their hirelings, fighting for the liberation of their fatherland.
Here is one such decree:

»The Presidency of the Government of the Kingdom of
Yugoslavia V. K. ; . . JVfe 809, dated July 3, 1942, London.

At the proposal of the Chief of Staff of the Supreme
Command N<> 231, dated June 9 and JVs 246, dated June 17,
1942? for having violated the military oath — for treason
against King and country, according to item b, Article 120,
paragraphs I and II of the Law concerning the Constitution of
the Army and Navy, —

/ order that the following persons be declared deserters
and their rank suspended:

1. Infantry CoL Savo Orovic; 2. Reserve Lt-CoL Veljko
Bulatovic; 3. Major of Engineers Branko Poljanac; 4. Infantry, Capt.
first class Arsa Jovanovic; 5. Infantry Capt. first class Velimir Terzic;
6. Infantry Capt first class Petar Cetkovic; 7. Infantry, Capt. first
class Rudolf P. Sremcek; 8. Infantry Lieut Mileta Dukic; 9. Infantry
Lieut Ratko'Martinovic; 10. Infantry Lieut Nikola Sekularac; 1L
Cavalry Col. Rade Avsic.

The President of the Ministerial Council and Assistant Minister
for the Army, Navy and Air force, Slobodan Jovanovic. —
(signed JL (The Official Gazette of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. —
Wartime edition M> 9. — London, Sept. 6. 1942).

105

In addition to this, as has been stated in the indictment, Slobo-
dan Jovanovic, Puric and the other accused sent Mihailovic enormous
sums of money from the state treazury for the needs of his orga-
nization. They also worked actively in supplying Mihailovic with
war material, in bribing foreign newspapers and radio stations
to popularize him as a hero fighting against the German-fascist
aggressors. They attacked the Partisans with lies and slander, as
being »an international band of criminals^. In short, everything that
has been said in the indictment concerning the accused Slobodan Jova-
novic, Puric and others is proved by a large number of -documents.

As can be seen from all that has been so far revealed concern-
ing the accused, they are all criminally responsible, together with
Mihailovic, as aiders and abettors of criminal acts of treason against
their fatherland and of war crimes.

The course of the trial will be followed with the greatest
attention by the broad masses of the people throughout our country.
The proceedings will be followed attentively by mothers and fathers
whose sons and daughters have been killed by the invaders' hirelings
in collaboration with the German-fascist criminals. The course of the
trial will be followed attentively by the surviving fighters who shed
their blood in the battles against the German-fascist invaders and
armed bands organised and led by the renegade hirelings of the inva-
der. It will be attentively followed by the surviving men and women,
boys and girls who have passed through the torture chambers of the
Special Police, through the Banjica prison camps and other places
of torture throughout our country. It will also be attentively followed
by the men of the plundered villages and towns, out of whose houses
the invaders and their renegade hirelings took everything that could
be carried away, leaving the owners and their families to starve.

And they will all expect the Court to mete out severe and just
punishment to these traitors and criminals.

In conclusion, I propose that the Court, after a thorough
examination of the accused and of all the evidence, should award to
each of the accused the punishment he deserves according to the gra-
vity of his criminal deeds, punishment severe and merciless for those
who have committed merciless and cruel crimes. In proposing this I
am only interpreting the thoughts and feelings of our peoples.

DEATH TO FASCISM — LIBERTY TO THE PEOPLE

EXAMINATION OF MIHAILOVIC

FACE TO FACE WITH PEOPLE'S

JUSTICE

A DELEGATION FROM THE ACCUSED MIHAILOVIC VISITED

MILAN NEDIC IN BELGRADE IN AUGUST 1941, AT THE TIME OF

THE FORMATION OF MEDIC'S GOVERNMENT

President: Accused Mihailovlc, you heard the Indictment, read
by the public prosecutor yesterday. You and your counsel had received
it previously. Have you understood the indictment?

Defendant (Draza Mihailovic): I have studied the indictment
which was handed to me a week ago, but the material contained in
my captured files is enormous.

President: Now, answer briefly the question of the Court.
You have received the indictment. Have you understood it or not?
If you have not understood certain passages, the Court will explain
them to you.

Defendant: I have understood the act of indictment.

President: Do you plead guilty?

Defendant: I cannot plead guity.

President: Do you plead guilty or not? It is a different question,
whether you can or cannot plead guilty.

Defendant: I do not plead guilty.

President: You don't plead guilty? The indictment accuses you
of treason and war crimes, of actions specifically mentioned in the
indictment. The indictment accuses you of forming the Cetnik orga-
nization in occupied Yugoslavia, and of giving it the title: > Yugoslav
Army in the Fatherlands Is that true or not? Or, to put it more
clearly, did you found the Cetnik organization which you named
> Yugoslav Army iq the Fatherland«?

Defendant: The name Cetnik came from the people, not
from me. --At -the very beginning I had- Cetnik units in. the Yu-

110

goslav army. It is true. It is in line with our war service regulations
that an army that is left without a front has to organize Cetnik
units.

President: Therefore you founded the Cetnik organization
which you named "Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland"?

Defendant: It is a Cetnik type of warfare until masses and
larger units can be used frontally.

President: The indictment says: "... that in August, after the
agreement with the representatives of the Valjevo Partisan detach-
ment, etc." When did you first come into contact with the Partisans?

Defendant: The first contact /with the Partisans took place after
the Soviet Union had entered the war. It might have been some
time after June 22, 1941.

President: Had you, at that time, talks with the Partisans or
their representatives?

Defendant: I had, and they were very long. We talked for
days. Dr. Jovanovic, a Valjevo dentist, first came to see me.

President: The details are not important.

Defendant: We had long talks on all kinds of subjects.

President: Did you agree not to attack each other?

Defendant: No. I never even thought of that.

President: What was the final result of your talks regarding
your mutual relations?

Defendant: To support each other. But I considered them
mere amateurs in military science, and that they were often apt to
be too hasty, which might have provoked serious reprisals.

President: That is quite possible in the first phase of organ-
ization. The Court would like to know whether you came to an
agreement with the Partisan representatives not to attack each other?

Defendant: It is absolutely true. Yes.

President: Was there any talk during these meetings about
the necessity of starting the struggle against the invader?

Defendant: I could not do anything with 26 men. At the time
of their arrival I was only beginning to organize, and I had to get
forces and arms. What I needed was time and I did not have it.

President: Did you consider it necessary to fight against the
invader?

Defendant: I was preparing for it I was preparing to fight.
President: All right, you were preparing. But at that time
both you and the Partisans were in that area. You negotiated with
Partisans, camt* into contact with them, and agreed not to attack

Ill

each other. It is natural that in such a situation the question of the
attitude towards the invader should arise. I shall be more explicit
Did you consider that you could fight the invader or not?

Defendant: At that time I was not able to fight. I had not
sufficient forces.

President: Did you consider it necessary to fight or not?

Defendant: I thought it was necessary.

President: Was it possible to fight?

Defendant: Well, it is possible to fight even with five men.

President: So you considered that It was necessary to fight?

Defendant: It was possible to fight. It was possible. But I
needed some more time to strengthen my detachments.

President: Did you consider that you could fight the invader
'with your forces or not?

The defendant avoids a direct answer.

President: When did you first have contact with the Partisans?

Defendant: After June 22.

President: You negotiated with them then and agreed not to
attack each other?

Defendant: There was no talk about it

President: There was no talk about it?

Defendant: Why should we attack each other? I received them
warmly.

President: I am going to remind you of what you said at the
examination.

Defendant: Excuse me, but I don't know what I said during the
examination, although I answered as best I could.

President: Well. Let me ask you, how were you treated during
the examination?

Defendant: The treatment was very good.

President: Were you ill-treated — Yes or no?

Defendant: No, not at all

President: Were yoo forced to give any statements?

Defendant: No.

President: Speaking of the examination, let me ask you a
question. Did the examining magistrate inform you of the offer of
certain American lawyers who wished to put themselves at your
disposal for your defence?

Defendant: He did.

President: Did you accept their offer?

Defendant: I refused it.

President: Did you refuse voluntarily or under duress?

112

Defendant: Voluntarily. I didn't wish to seek defence outside
my country.

President: So, quite voluntarily, you rejected the defence offered
from abroad by lawyers of the United States of America . . .

Accused Mihailovic, I shall take the liberty of reminding you
of a fact in which the Court is interested, and concerning which y'ou
have been asked a concrete question: Did you think, was it your opi-
nion, that it was time for the uprising, or that it was inopportune to
attack the German forces?

Defendant: August might have been the time for the uprising,
but only in one part of the organized territory.

President: Did you consider the uprising premature or not?

Defendant: I did not consider it premature.

President: I am going to remind you. You said: "I considered
the uprising premature, I thought that the time had not come to fight
the invader. I had already said earlier that I intended to complete the
organization of my forces and attack the enemy at an opportune
moment . . . «

Defendant: I agree with that now, "too.

President: Is your statement recorded exactly?

Defendant: It is.

President: It is true that you thought that the uprising was
premature, and that you considered it necessary to complete the or-
ganization of your forces and attack the enemy at an opportune;
moment. Did you give orders to your detachments, in so far as you
had them, to fight the invader?

Defendant: I did.

President: I am going to remind you of yow statements in
this connection. You answered: "I gave no orders to my detachments
to fight the enemy. I wass waiting for an opportune moment to begin
the uprising with all my forces". Did the examining magistrate record
this correctly or not?

Defendant: He recorded it correctly. But later I gave orders
to attack Gornji Malanovac, Stragari, Pozega and Cacak.

President: We shall come to that later.

Defendant: These were orders for attack. ,

President: The indictment accuses you of these attacks, because
they were directed -against the Partisans. .

Defendant: They were attacks against the Germans.

President: It is well-known - that Pozega was captured by the
Partisans.

Defendant: Opinions differ on- this.

313

President: There is no doubt about It, it is a fact. I am goin^

to remind you, if you have forgotten it. Is it recorded correctly, that
you never gave orders to your detachments to do anything against
the enemy, and that you considered the time for the uprising would
come only when the situation became favourable?

Defendant: It's recorded correctly.

President: When did you think this favourable situation would
arrive?

Defendant: It might arrive even before I expected it.

President: When did you think it would come?
Defendant: When the Germans started to evacuate our terri-
tories.

President: How?

Defendant: When they started to evacuate some of their forces.
President: And when would the situation be favourable, accor-
ding to you?

Defendant: When I, as a soldier, considered it favourable. It
would be favourable when I had sufficient forces, but the moment
might also come, when there were no sufficient forces available.

President: When did you think that you would have sufficient
forces to fight against the divisions of the invader.

Defendant: At the beginning I could not even think of it, but
when the Germans started evacuating the territories of Western
Serbia, we all jumped to arms.

President: When did the Germans begin this?

Defendant: I don't know the exact date. For instance, I re-
member the fall of Loznica. My units attacked Loznica at that time,
under the command of Major Misic, without my order.

President: (Reading from Mihailovic's statement): "I was
agreeably surprised when I heard that my men had attacked Loznica
in 1941, without my order." Well, when did the opportune moment
appear?

Defendant: The opportune moment appeared when we fought
together, the Partisans taking Uzice and I Cacak and Pozega. The
•moment arrived when the Germans started to evacuate some of
their forces.

President: You said that you would begin the struggle against
the invader when the moment was opportune. When was that oppor-
tune moment?

Defendant: The opportuneness depended on the strength of
my forces or the enemy forces.

114

President: You, therefore, said that you considered the time
was not ripe for the -uprising?

Defendant: It could -not be considered as an uprising in the
whole country.

President: According to your statement it was not premature.
When was that?

Defendant: I think that Loznica was attacked and taken about
August 1st.

President: Was it about August the 1 st?

Defendant: I do not know exactly.

President: Did you attack in August a company of the Valjevo
Partisan Detachment in the village of Planinica? And did you per-
sonally lead the attack against the Slavkovica Partisan Company?

Defendant: I did.

President: Tell us how it happened? At that time you were
negotiating with the Partisans and you agreed not to attack each
other. You considered that the time for the uprising was premature;
you were organizing your forces for the opportune moment, and
at the same time you attacked a Partisan company, although the Par-
tisans were your allies?

Defendant: I did not consider them as my allies. I would have
then attacked even my own men.

President: Tell us why you attacked the Partisans?

Defendant: I was defending the villages from plunder, and
this enabled me to have a stronghold on Ravna Gora.

President: You -said yourself that the company you attacked
was the Slavkovica Company.

Defendant: I attacked another company before, one belonging
to Pecanac (a Cetnik commander — Translator's note).

President: Why?

Defendant: It was looting.

President: Is Pecanac a plunderer?

Defendant: He is not, but his company is.
President: According to you, was Pecanac with his companies
a plunderer?

Defendant: Certainly.

President: Had the uprising begun in Serbia at that time?

Defendant: Not at that time,

President: I mean the end of August and the beginning of
September?

'Defendant: I am not able to remember dates and connect
events without concrete particulars.

135

President: What do you mean by concrete particulars? Did
you, at the time when you were negotiating with the Partisans,
protect former Yugoslav gendarmes?

Defendant: Yes . . . My idea was to try to win over all those
who carried arms, to penetrate into their ranks and try to bring
them to the forests. I succeeded in winning over Jovan Trisic and
in making a plan with him. He was captured, with that plan on him
and interned.

President: What was he?

Defendant: He was a gendarme commander, under the Ger-
mans. I managed to win him over, and persuaded him to cooperate
with me in building up my -organization and getting a great number
of men.

President: You made connections with the gendarmerie who
were then in the service of the invader?

Defendant: Exactly.

President: Did you have any contact with Nedic at that time?

Defendant: On Ravna Gora I received a letter from, I believe,
2ivojin Duric, in which he invited me in two or three words:
'Please come to Belgrade for" — I think — '"talks". 1 can only re-
produce the meaning of the letter. I did not go, and could not have
gone to Nedic, because in the course of the two years I was with
him he had twice punished me with thirty days of imprisonment I
had no respect for him and would not have gone. It happened that
Aleksandar Misic wanted to go to Belgrade, and so he went. It was
a decisive moment. He said: »Since you don't want to go, I will.c

President: Did you send a delegation?

Defendant: Aleksandar Misic went, and from the indictment
I see that 2ivojin fktric did not go. I think that Colonel Pavlovic
went, together with Aleksandar Misic.

Prosecutor (Colonel Minic): Please put it in the record.

President: It is in the record. What was the subject of the
talks of the delegation you sent to Nedic and what were the results
of the negotiations?

Defendant: There were no results, because Mi§ic spent three
days drinking in Sarajevo cafe with Jovan Nenadovic. He was late
coming back and I was anxious. It was not a delegation, but two
men sent to find out what Nedic wanted.

President: It is a delegation.

Defendant: Call it what you like, I never attached any im-
portance to it.

116

President: You were invited, but did not want to go, and sent
Misic and Pavlovic. Did they meet Nedic?

Defendant: They did. I received a report from Misic.

President: Did they come into contact with Nedic?

Defendant: They did.

President: Have you seen what the indictment accuses you of?

Defendant: I have seen it. But there was no agreement.

President: I am obliged, in your interest and in the interest of
actual truth, to draw your attention to the fact that the prosecution
puts forward as proof the reading of Milan Medic's statement at the
examination, in which he enumerates — word for word — the points
of the agreement reached between the delegation you had sent, on
the one hand, and Nedic on the other. And, 'as you have seen, this state-
ment speaks of an agreement to carry on a joint struggle against
the Partisans. Further, it provides for the giving of financial help,
the appointment of liaison officers between you and Nedic, and that
later a joint plan of operation should be drawn up ...

Defendant: Never.

President: I want to point out to you, that there is such a
statement made by Nedic.

Defendant: No; in spite of his statement.

President: I must remind you that the indictment states that
after those negotiations Marko Olujic was appointed liaison officer
at your Headquarters. Did Olujic come?

Defendant: He did not.

President: Did he start on his journey to you?

Defendant: Pipan was my Intelligence officer in Belgrade, and
he was to bring Olujic. Both he and Olujic were captured by the
Partisans at Ljig, and Olujic was shot.

President: What did Olujic have on him when caught by the
Partisans?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: The indictment states that they had a plan.

Prosecutor: I beg you to read tpage 35 of Milan Nedic's state-
ment at the examination.

President: Just to remind you. (Reads Milan Nedic's statement
about the connection established with Draza Mihailovic immediately
after the forming of Nedic's government, how Draza Mihajlovic's
delegation came to talk about collaboration, and how an agreement
for collaboration was reached. Nedic said that Mihailovic's delegates
*— Ms (Nedic's) officers).

117

Defendant: I don't know why they should be his officers. I
believe he knew Misic, but Tie did not know Pavlovic.

President: Let us clear up one more point. You thought that
the time for the uprising was not ripe.

Defendant: I do not know why you insist on this. Premature
may have different meanings. It may apply to enemy forces. If small
enemy forces remain, then it is not premature. When the enemy
withdrew some of his forces, I personally attacked Gornji Milanovac,
Stragari and Rudnik.

President: In what month?

Defendant: I destroyed the bridge over the Kolubara.

Prosecutor: It is well known when the attack on Milanovac
took place.

President: Think. You should remember the year and the
month.

Defendant: I can't remember. There were too many events so
that I was physically exhausted and I can't remember.

President: Was it in April 1941?

Defendant: I don't remember.

President: Did the Partisans fight?

Defendant: They were mostly doing sabotage work, and the
fighting was in Macva and Podrinje.

President: Were your attacks before that or after?

Defendant: The main fighting was in Macva and Podrinje, and
there was lesser fighting round Valjevo. Attacks were made on
Sabac, Loznica, Banja Koviljaca and Krupanj.

President: Did your Cetniks begin to fight against the invader
before the Partisans?

Defendant: I believe the Partisans first started the fight
against the invader.

President (dictates): The accused states; >I believe the Parti-
sans first started the fight against the Invader.c

Defendant: I think it started at Krupanj, I think it began
in Macva. At Krapanj there were Father Vlado Zecevic and Marti-
novic; they were Partisans.

President: Do you know what the Court is interested in? As a
soldier you perhaps consider that military operations should com-
mence when you have prepared your troops and have sufficient
forces from your point of view, to begin the battle. The Court is
interested in the following question: Who attacked the invaders first:
the Partisans or the Cetniks?

118

Defendant: It was in Western Serbia. The Partisans attacked
there first.

President: Please, defendant, now you have had time to
remember better the first moments. You said that the first attacks
against the invader were carried out by the Partisans in Posavina,
didn't you?

Defendant: Not in Posavina but in Macva. After that came
actions on a larger scale.

President: Then you consider that the beginning of the action
was the attack on the towns.

Defendant: Yes, that's right.

President: Well, did the Partisan guerilla warfare begin before
that of the Cetniks, did the Partisans first attack the invader?

Defendant: I have just said so, the Partisans were the first to
attack the towns.

President: What was the difference at that time? You have
just said that the Partisans were the first to start the struggle against
the invader, and that then came your action.

Defendant: I cannot say anything precise, one is connected
with the other.

President: Was it a difference of three, four, five or more

days?

Defendant: No, no it was a matter of a very short time, but
I cannot say anything precise.

President: (Requests this to be put in the minutes) The strug-
gle against the -invader was first started by the Partisans, It consisted
of guerilla warfare as well as of attacks on the towns.

Defendant: Yes.

President: It means that before the beginning of the Partisan
attacks on the towns, guerilla attacks by the Partisans had taken
place against the invader. Is that correct? Then comes the period
of your attacks on the towns. Is that right? The accused considers
that the attacks on the frowns were of great importance. These attacks
were first started by the Partisans, who first began fighting the inva-
der. After a short time his detachments began fighting too. Before
the beginning of the attacks on the towns, guerilla attacks had been
carried out, that is to say, at the time when the Partisans were car-
rying out attacks against the invader through guerilla warfare. As
the accused said: At the beginning, the Partisans first fought against
the invader. (The president then read the minutes of the examination

119

of Milan Nedic, which showed that Marko Olujic went to Draza Mihai-
lovic's Headquarters.)

Did you receive under your command at that time, certain
commanders of Kosta Pecanac, whom you called a plunderer? Did
you know that Kosta Pecanac had put himself completely at the
service of the invader?

Defendant: I knew it after his meeting with the Germans at
Rudnik, in which General Ljuba Novakovic acted as mediator. Before
then I had endeavoured to get into contact with him.

President: Did you receive any of his commanders?

Defendant: Yes, Keserovic and Nikola Kalabic came.

President: And Budimir Cerski and Jovan Skava?

Defendant: Never. Skava was in our rear. When Pecanac joined
the Germans, we tolerated him in our area, but ciid not establish
contact with him. He was farther away, in the direction of Kolubara.
President: Were you in touch with Boza Javorac?

Defendant: I tried three times. He would not put himself
under my command. Three times I sent a courier to Ivanjica, but they
tried to kill him. Boza Javorac put himself under my command only
for a short time, when we were in Montenegro, but when I returned
from Montenegro to Serbia he tried to sell me to the Germans for
700.000 dinars. It was then that he was shot.

President: Then it was only for a certain time. Did you order
your commanders Milos Glisic and Vucko Ignjatovic in September
1941, to attack the Partisans at Uzicka Pozega and to take Pozega
from the Partisans.

Defendant: In September 1941?

President: Yes, in September 1941. The indictment charges
you with ordering your commanders Glisic and Ignjatovic to attack
the Partisans at Pozega and to take it from them.

Defendant: No. I was certain that we had captured Pozega
and that a dispute had arisen. I was informed that we had captured
Pozega and that a new quarrel had broken out. Milos Glisic had
been caught and was going to be shot I sent a motorcyclist to
Uzice to ask for information. I received a desperate letter from
him saying that he was going to be shot After that Glisic was
released.

President: Did you order Glisic to attack the Partisans at
Pozega? I must remind you that Glisic is alive and his statements
differ from yours.

Defendant: That is his affair.

President: But we shall confront you with him.

123

Defendant: It will be a pleasure.

President: According to the indictment, you let Glisic and
Ignjatovic disarm the Partisan couriers at Pozega, take away from
the Partisans machine guns and rifles, transports with food for the
civilian population, transports of arms and ammunition which were
sent to the front for the struggle against the invader; and on one
occasion your commanders even took off the train the well known
commander of the 1st Sumadija Partisan Detachment Milan Blago-
jevic, and, after brutally torturing him, killed him.

Defendant: No, never.

President: How, never?

Defendant: Such permission or orders I never gave.

President: But is it not a fact that your commanders Glisic and
Ignjatovic disarmed the couriers, took off the trains food and ammu-
nition intended for the front, for the fighters against the invader?

Defendant: I do not know.

President: Where were you actually, at that time?

Defendant: I was on Ravna Gora.

President: Were you connected by telephone with Uzioka
Pozega?

Defendant: Yes, connection had been established.

President: Did Glisic submit reports to you?

Defendant: He could do so whenever and as often as he
wanted to.

President: Did he do it regularly?
Defendant: I cannot answer either yes or no.

President: Did you make inquiries about it?

Defendant: Yes, I did.

President: Well, when you tried to find out something about
Pozega, what was the result?

Defendant: I did not go to the town.

President: But you should have known of these things as the
commander . . .

Defendant: I was not only interested in Pozega . . .
President: What actually was the situation at Pozega?

Defendant: I was not very much interested in it I used to
inspect the fronts. I went several times to Milanovac and ordered
what was to be done from the point of view of operations. I also en-
deavoured to do away with the friction which had arisen.

President: What do you know about the murder of the Par-
tisan detachment commander, Milan Blagojevic?

121

Defendant: Now I do not know anything about it. I probably
knew of It at the time.

President: And can you by any chance remember who murd-
ered Milan Blagojevic?

Defendant: I know that Vucko Ignjatovic was accused of it.
He was accused of it, but whether he did it should have been esta-
blished by inquiry.

President: And who accused Vucko Ignjatovic?

Defendant: The Partisans did.

President: And did you take any steps against Ignjatovic?

Defendant: Certainly. I ordered an inquiry! into what had
happened?

President: And what were the results?

Defendant: I do not know.

President: I must remind you that you said something dif-
ferent at the examination.

Defendant: I have no intention of changing my statements
but I am saying what I can remember.

MESSAGE BROUGHT BY THE BRITISH OFFICER,
CAPTAIN HUDSON

President: You said this (reads): »It is a fact that I heard
that the murder was carried out by Ignjatovic. Capt. . .« After this
murder did you come into contact with Marshal Tito?
Defendant: Mitic came into contact Capt. . .

President: Who is this Mitic?

Defendant: He was a captain who was appointed as liaison
officer,

President: It means that Captain Mitic was the person who
maintained contact with the Partisan Headquarters at Uzlce! Do you
know that your Cetniks in the neighbourhood of Kosjeric attacked
some lorries which were carrying 150.000 rounds to the front.

Defendant: I know it now from the indicment

President: Did you ever conclude an agreement on collabor-
ation with the Partisans?

Defendant: Yes, it was a written agreement.

President: With whom and where did you conclude such an
agreement Did you ever conclude an agreement with the Partisans?

Defendant: Yes, I did.

122

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letter from Captain Hudson of the British Army fo Mihaibvlc, in which he asks for

a meeting with the Cefr»ik commanders and states that Great Britain is resolved to

give >100 per cent assistance* fo the treacherous Cetnik organizations.

123

President: But what sort of agreement, and when?

Defendant: I met Marshal Tito three times. The first time it
was in the house of comander Misic, and twice in the village of Brajici.
President: Did you, on October 26, 1941, conclude an agreement
with Marshal Tito on the joint struggle of the Cetniks and the Par-
tisans against the invader?

Defendant: I cannot remember the date, but I know I did.

Prosecutor: Can you remember the month?

Defendant: I cannot. That was most probably our last personal
meeting.

President: Was it in October?

Defendant: Let us say October 26. It can be proved, it was a
visit. It was shown at the Belgrade Exhibition, in the papers. As far
as I am concerned, if I say the 26th, I can assume that it is correct.

President: The Court does not ask you all that. Just say: yes
or no. Is it a fact that you concluded a written agreement with Mar-
shal Tito on joint collaboration against the invader? Do you remem-
ber the date?

Defendant: I cannot remember the date.

President: Was it at the beginning, the end or in the middle
of October?

Defendant: It might have been towards the end of October.

President: Were you visited by anybody at that time after the
conclusion of the agreement with Marshal Tito? In fact did Zarija
Ostojic visit you?

Defendant: Yes, he came. I thought it over. They came to me
— Zarija Ostojic, Lalatovic and Hudson.

President: Who is Hudson?

Defendant: A captain in the British Army,

Prosecutor: Please speak louder, I have not heard half of it.

Defendant: They came to me in the second half of October,
Major Ostojic, Manko Lalatovic, also a General Staff officer, and
an officer of the British Army, Captain Hudson. They landed near
Petrovac, and came to me through Montenegro, Sandzak and IMce,
to Ravna Gora. They had been sent from Cairo.

President: Did any of them bring you a message, and from
whom?

Defendant: They brought me first of all a message from the
Minister of War, Bogoljub Hie. In general, the messages which were
brought to me were rather obscure. In fact, they made fun of General
Hie himself, who scarcely gave them any messages. I got a message

124

from Hudson. It is the message found in rny files. It was a
message to the effect that in Yugoslavia a rebellion would not be
tolerated, but that the struggle should be waged for Yugoslavia and
not become a struggle of the communists for the Soviet Union.

President: Who said that?

Defendant: I got it from Hudson and through the wireless.

President: And did Minister Ilic give this message to Hudson?

Defendant: No. He got it from his authorities, the Near East
Command.

President: Was that an unofficial statement?

Defendant: I do not think so.

President: Why did Hudson come to you?

Defendant: He carne as liaison officer.

President: Between whom?

Defendant: Between the Near East Command and myself.

President: It means that he was officially sent to you?

Defendant: He maintained that Ostojic and Lalatovic had been
lent to him — that is how he put it.

THE ACCUSED MIHAILOVIC, IN NOVEMBER, 1941, ORDERED THE

CETNIKS TO WITHDRAW FROM THE FRONTS AGAINST THE

GERMANS AND TO ATTACK THE PARTSANS

President: After the arrival of Lalatovic, Ostojic and Capt.
Hudson, did you order your commanders to withdraw from the fronts
against the Germans and to start a general attack against the Parti-
sans? Do you know that on the night between November 1 and 2
the Cetniks, under the command of Glisic and Ignjatovic, attacked
Uzice?

Defendant: I do.

President: How did this attack of the Cetniks, under the
command of Glisic and Ignjatovic, occur when Uzice was held by
the Partisans?

Defendant: I think that Glisic and Ignjatovic did it on
their own.

President. Therefore, it is correct that Glisic and Ignjatovic
attacked Uzice, which was then held by the Partisans, tout you con-
sider that they did it on their own.

Defendant: That Is right.

President: Were you in touch with Glisic and Ignjatovic at
that' time?

Defendant: We had telephone communication.

125

President: Did they inform you of these events?

Defendant: He did not inform me of all these events until he
was chased out of Pozega. He meant to capture Uzice by surprise.

President: How did Vucko Ignjatovic fare in this battle, and
what was the result of the battle?

Defendant: He did not report to me until he had lost Pozega.

President: He informed you that he had lost Pozega, and what
steps did you take?

Defendant: I think I then asked to be connected with Uzice, or
Uzice asked to be connected with me. I talked to Marshal Tito.

President: What did you talk about?

Defendant: He requested me to stop the fight. I said I would
if Pozega was returned to me. Then came a negative answer, so I
said that in that case I would raise the siege of Kraljevo.

Prosecutor: I ask the President to put that on record.

President: I have already ordered this to be put on record:
"Order to raise the siege of Kraljevo."

Defendant: But Kraljevo could not be taken in any case.

President: Do you know that during the same night, namely
between November 1 and 2, while Ignjatovid and Glisic were
attacking Uzice, an attack on Ivanjica was being carried out by
Boza Javorac?

Defendant: I know it from the indictment, but I can say that
Boza Javorac was not under my command. Even when he came under
my command and when he was ordered to come to Montenegro^ he
never carried out the orders. He was not even with Pecanac, he was
independent

President: You said that you issued the order for raising the
siege of Kraljevo. Do you know that at that time your units attacked
Partisan tank units and artillery and killed the crews.

Defendant: Killed the crews? I never heard of it.

President: And did they attack the artillery?

Defendant: I had two guns, and I think there were two Par-
tisan guns too. They were commanded by an officer of mine. His
name was Deroko. He did not take away the guns, but his guns were
taken away from him on Ljubic, and he was killed.

President: In what direction did you send those units which
had participated in the siege of Kraljevo?

Defendant: They were directed towards Cacak in order to
captare it. I needed it.

126

President: The indictment states that your units, after abandon-
Ing the siege of Kraljevo, attacked Cacak.

Defendant: Well, yes; the fight developed and naturally . . .

President: It means that your units attacked Cacak, doesn't it?

Defendant: Buric did mot carry out the attack. I know that
for certain. That is true.

President: And did the units attack?

Defendant: After a few days, after some delay.

President: And did this attack on Cacak succeed?

Defendant: No, it did not.

President: It means that it was repelled by the Partisans?

Defendant: The attack was repelled, because the Partisans had
enough time to muster their forces. That is what Duric told me when
he came to see me at my Headquarters.

President: Do you know that Captain Racic's detachment car-
ried out the second attack on Uzice?

Defendant: I was against the attack on Uzice. Capt Racic was
not in the vicinity of Uzice. I ordered him to set out northwards,
towards Valjevo, and when the fight began, I ordered him to go
southwards towards Uzice.

President: Why was Racic ordered to move southwards?

Defendant: For the purpose of moving southwards.

President: Did you know about the fight of Nesko Nedic and
Lt. Voja Popovic against the Partisan Kolubara Detachment?

Defendant: They took part in it. I do not know the details.

President: At that time, in the other part of Serbia, did the
Cetnik detachments carry out attacks against the Partisan
detachments?

Defendant: I think at Gornji Milanovac. I remember that there
was a battle for the hospital, on the lower and upper floor.

President: Could you remember about what time you issued
the order to raise the siege of Kraljevo.

Defendant: It was in November, that is quite clear, only I do
not remember the date.

President: I do not insist upon it, I am only asking you whe-
ther it was in the first or second half of November?

Defendant: In the second half, for the withdrawal. After I had
spoken to Marshal Tito; on which occasion I asked that Pozega should
be returned to me mid that hostilities should then stop. As .he did not
agree to it I threatened to raise the siege of Kraljevo. Kraljevo
anyway could not be captured.

127

THE FIRST MEETING OF THE ACCUSED MIHAILOVIC WITH
THE GERMANS, IN NOVEMBER 1941

President: When and where did you meet the Germans in the
month of November?

Defendant: I met them in the second half of November, after
the truce which had been concluded between myself and the

Partisans. Then I consented because the punitive expeditions began

destroying and burning. The people had become afraid even before
that. I had no idea of doing this, but Branislav Pantic, who was sup-
posed to go to Homolje, arrived. He spent more of Ms time in Bel-
grade than in Homolje, carrying out intelligence service. Nenad Mitro-
vic and Matel, University professor, arrived with him. When they
arrived in Ravna Gora they insisted, in the presence of Vasic, Ostojic
and, perhaps, Branislav Pantic, that I should make a sacrifice, because
the people were afraid of being taken away and having their houses
burned down, and in order to prevent the further annihilation of the
people, who were innocent and had suffered because of us. In the end
I gave my consent. Shortly after, I had that meeting,

President: Where was this meeting held?
Defendant: At the village of DivcL
President: Where exactly at Divci?
Defendant: At an inn.
President: How did you come to this inn?

Defendant: I came from Struganik. I started at about 4 p. m.
It was just on dusk when we approached the bridge. I left my men
about 3 kms. from the bridge, Branislav Pantic, Nenad Mitrovic and

Matel, the go-between. I crossed the bridge which we had destroyed.
There I saw the German soldiers and a motor car. I got into the car
and went to the inn. Alexander Misic was with me.

President: Had you any protection?

Defendant: Yes, I thought they were the troops which had
been prepared for an attack against me.

President: Were they only infantry?

Defendant: There were also tanks. They must have been there
for our protection.

President: Did the action of the invader against the territory
liberated by the Partisans begin after your meeting at Divci?

Defendant: Did it begin at that time? I don't properly under-
stand the question.

128

President: Had you any contact with the Partisans and
actually with which of them in the time -between your meeting and
the German attack?

Defendant: The last talk with Marshal Tjito might have been
shortly after that, one or two days. The indictment says at was on
the 23rd. I think it may have been so because it was the last day the

Assistant to the Cetnik commander Savq Drenovic in company with members of the

Kuiturbund in Jajce.

Partisans were at Uzice. On that day Marshal Tito rang me up and
asked me: »What are you going to do?«

President: Did you ring Mm up, or did he telephone to you?

Defendant: I do not remember. He asked me: »What are you
going* to do?« I answered I was sending the detachments to their
areas, because the German troops were ready.

129

President: It means, after this written agreement about the
collaboration concluded In October there came a period of struggle. . .
Defendant: Then again an agreement . . .

President: And after that agreement the German attack
followed.

Defendant: Yes, but all that happened very quickly.

President: You said, when the offensive began Tito rang you
up and you had a talk with Mm.

Defedant: Yes, I thought that Tito might adopt the .-same
method of fighting.

President: What order did you issue to your units when the
offensive began?

Defendant: I issued orders separately to the detachments. I saw
the detachments and their commanders off, one after another,

President: On the occasion of the return of these detachments
to thedr areas, did you issue them orders to enter or not to enter the
fight against the units of the invader?

Defendant: I could not do that while they were withdrawing.

President: When Marshal Tito told you he would accept the
fight against the Germans did you tell him you could not engage in
a frontal battle?

Defendant: I was of the opinion he could not do so either.

President: Tell us whether you concluded the second agreement
with the Partisans in November, after your meeting with the Germans
at Divci?

Defendant: I think it was concluded on the 23rd» and the
meeting with the Germans took place later.

THE CETNIKS HAND OVER CAPTURED PARTISANS TO THE
GERMANS, THE ACCUSED MIHAILOVIC NOTIFIES THE
EMIGRANT GOVERNMENT OF HIS ATTACKS ON THE

PARTISANS

President: Is it true that • on the night of yctir meeting at
Divci, 365 captured Partisans were handed over to the Germans at
the village of Slovac and from there driven to Valjevo?

Defendant: It happened long before the meeting at Divci, and
It was like this. A number of Partisans were captured when the battle
began in the Mijonica area, Misic visited them and had a friendly
talk with them. I do not know exactly whether they were at Planinica.
At that time I had about 150 German prisoners, and I could not keep
them In Ravna Gora because of food. But I sent them to Pozega.
President: Were these Partisans taken to you?

130

Defendant: The indictment says so, but I did not see them.

President: And did you know they came to Ravna Gora to be
taken farther?

Defendant: I know, Misic told me he had visited them, and that
later on they were sent to Struganik where there were more stores,
and where they co-uld have food. Bogdan Brajevic sent them to Mijo-
nica later.

President: What cUd Bogdan do with them?

Defendant: He sold them, he did not hand them over.

President: Whom did he sell them to?

Defendant: He sold them to the Germans, at so much per head.

President: Were they shot?

Defendant: I only heard there was some shooting, but no-
thing else.

President: Was Skava one of your commanders at that time?

Defendant: He never was my commander.

President: I ought to warn you that there is a statement by
Jovan Skava, who was ordered to hand them over. Had you any
contact with the emigrant government in the period before the First
Offensive of the Germans on that territory?

Defendant: I had. I established contact on September 26, but
this first link was not good until Ostojic and Lalatovic arrived,
because we had no code by which we could communicate. But after
their arrival we had a link, but it was controlled by the British who
had the same code. That code was according to the book system;
when they came they took a book and tore it into two parts, one
part they kept for themselves and the other one they gave to me.
I used this code, but the command in Cairo had the same book. May
be Hudson himself did not know my code, but he might have had
another copy of the book he gave me.

President: Does it mean the link with the emigrant government
was carried out through the British Command?

Defendant: The British Command must have been informed of
everything I passed on.

President: Did you inform the emigrant government of events
and attacks?

Defendant: I did,

President: Did the emigrant government know about the
attacks and negotiations?

Defendant: Yes, it did. He informed it too because he always
lived near the radio station.

131

President: Did you inform the government about the conflict
with the Partisans, and the situation generally?

Defendant: Yes, I informed them of the conflict with the Parti-
sans, the liberated territory, and that the Germans had invited me to
meet them . , .

President: What was the attitude of the emigrant government
towards these matters?

Defendant: I am a soldier. Each word has Its own full meaning

for me. Politics never dntersested me. The first word I got from the
government concerning politics was what Hudson brought to me,
and that was, that Yugoslavia should fight for herself and not for
the Soviet: Urfon.

President: Was the emigrant government In agreement with
you, with your attacks on the Partisans.

Defendant: Perhaps. I did not inform it. These events were
insignificant.

President: Were you in contact with the emigrant government?

Accused: Yes, I was.

President: Did the government forbid you to attack the
Partisans?

Defendant: No, it did not.

Presdent: Did it order you to begin immediately to fight the
Germans.

Defendant: No, it did not.

Prosecutor: Please, put it on record.

THE LEGALIZATION OF THE CETN1K DETACHMENTS UNDER

THE GERMANS

President: After this period and after the German offensive,
at the time when the Partisan forces, under the pressure of the
German forces helped 'by Nedfc's detachments, were forced to
withdraw to Sandzak, did you hold a conference with the detachment
commanders at which you gave all the commanders the task of lega-
lizing their detachments?

Defendant: My men may have been at this conference, but it
was impossible for all of them to be there. I myself visited certain
detachments, and did not ask them to come to me.

President: Well, were certain detachments legalized? These
legalized detachments placed themselves under Nedid's command?

Defendant: Yes. They were.

President: It means they were fed and supplied by Nedic.

132

Defendant: Yes.

President: Did they, at the same time, maintain contact with you?

Defendant: I tried to use them for intelligence, and endea-
voured to get them out of the detachments to the forest, on the first
favourable occasion.

President: Here in the indictment Ratkovic's letter is mentioned.

Defendant: I have read it, but in this letter there is nothing to
prove that I had asked them to legalize themselves.

President: Where were your Headquarters after the First Offen-
sive? Where was Rakovic's Staff?

Defendant: In the Ljubic area.

President: Was it at Cacak?

Defendant: I think it was near Cacak. Not in Cacak itself.

President: Do you know this letter, sent in 1941?

Prosecutor: Do you want the original?

President: Well, this is the original. Let me remind you. This
is a report, the original report, which begins as follows: »After the
meeting held on Ravna Gora on November 30, 1941, he started out
with a detachment, after being given instructions. . .« You are
acquainted with the statement in the indictment, that is, that he said
he became the commander of Cacak and togeher with 150 Cetniks
legalized himself., i. e. that 150 Cetniks under Rakovic's command
lived at Cacak. Was Rakovic under your command?

Defendant: Yes, he was.

President: All the time?

Defendant: Once he and Voja Cvrkic were called to account
for preparing an attempt on my life. -

President: And later cm?

Defendant: He was legalized at Cacak for some time.

President: And how long did he remain under'your command?

Defendant: As long as he wanted to.

President: There is your own handwriting.

Defendant: I do not remember that matter.

President: Have a look. Is it your handwriting?

Defendant: Yes, it is.

President: Here is one of your messages of August 21, 1942,
sent as a circular to everyone which reads: ^Inform all the legalized
detachments of the following . . , «

Defendant: I had to put it so. I endeavoured to get some of
them back to the forests again* Some of them remained and some
returned, , - .

President: Had you such legalized detachments in other regions?
Defendant: I found a different situation in Montenegro.

133

President: And In Hercegovina?

Defendant: I said that I found a different situation along the
Coast.

President: Did you Issue Nedic's officers orders and Instruct-
ions, did you approve of their work, were there their commanders
who placed themselves under your command, or yours who put them-
selves under their command?

Defendant: There were my commanders who put themselves
under their command.

President: And were there any of *their commanders under your
command?

Defendant: There were. For instance Radovan Stojanovic, who
put himself under the command of Kalabic, then Ignjatovic*

President: Did you know that in Montenegro, at that time,
Dukanovid, Lasid and Durisic collaborated with the invader?

Defendant: I did not know it until I came to Montenegro.

President: Did you have detachments in Sandzak?

Defendant: From Ravna Gora I sent Lieut, Jovan Jelovac to
Sandzak, but I had no detachments there. The whole organization
was formed there.

President: Did you succeed, at the end of 1941, in putting al!
the Cetnik detachments in Sandzak under your command?

Defendant: No, I remember I sent Jovan Jelovac there. After-
wards I heard about Vuk Kalaitovic.

President: Did you know Dragisa Jovanovic?

Defendant: No.

President: He wrote a letter to you.

Defendant: I sent only Jelovtc there from Ravna Gora.

President: I am asking that, because the Indictment states it,
and Is supported by an original document proving that at the end of
1941, in November, you had the command there.

Defendant: It could hardly be called a command.

President: Well, did you Issue orders to the Cetnik comman-
ders in Montenegro in the spring od 1942 In which you approved of
their work, and gave them instructions about the struggle against
the Partisans and the tactics towards the Italians.

Defendant: I could not have issued them, I do not remember.

President: I shall remind you of your message No. 21 sent to
Pavle Durislc.

Defendant: I have read this message.

President: It ends: »Greetings — General Mihailovi£«.

Defendant: Even Ostojlc might have written the message.

134

President: What was Ostojic with you?

Defendant: He was the chief of the operative section.

President: In the autumm 1941, did you send your officers
Bosko TodoroviQ, Mutimir Petkovic, Sergije Mihailovic, Jezdimir
Dangic to Bosnia a>nd Hercegovina to work in that field?

Defendant: Yes, Jezdimir Dangic went there on his own. At first
he was in Nedic's service and was transferred to the frontier on the
Drina river as a gendarme officer, and he crossed over to Bratunac
during the uprising. I sent Lieut. Martinovic there, and when he was
at Bratunac, it was reported to- me that he had crossed over to Bosnia.
He joined me in this way. Bosko Todorovic came to me from Bel-
grade and put himself and his .brother 2arko Todorovic at my disposal.
Bosko proposed that he should create a detachment on Ko&maj, but
I had no money. When Bosko came to me I sent him towards the
Drina river. He was courier for the Uzice direction and once he entered
Uzice itself. He went as far as the Drina, Visegrad, and even further.

President: Did you send Bosko Todorovic, Mutimir Petkovic,
Jezdimir Da-ngic, and Lieut. Momcilovic to Bosnia and Hercegovina?

Defendant: I do not remember anything about Lieut. Mom-
cilovic . . .

President: Do you know that Bosko Todorovic entered into
negotiations with the Italian invaders in Hercegovina through Mutimir
Petkovic, the journalist Milan Santic and Dobrosav Jevdevdc, and that
in January 1942 he met Mutimir Petkovic and a Captain of OVRA,
(Organizzazione volontaria repressione antifascista) and concluded an
agreement with him?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: Do you know* that your commanders collaborated
with the invader at that time?

Defendant: I dcm't know.

President: Do you know that in January 1942 your commander
Jezdimir Dangic went to Belgrade?

Defendant: This is what happened to Dangic: He sent a letter
to me and asked me to allow him to go to Belgrade. On account of
this he came to Ravna Gora.

President: And why did he go to Belgrade?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: Do you remember the contents of this letter?

Defendant: No, I don't remember.

President: Did you know that the Cetnik commanders In East
Bosnia, Father Saw Bozic, Cvajetiii Todic, Rade Radic and others,
concluded agreements with the Ustagas in December 1941 in order to

135

fight for the annihilation of the forces of the National Liberation
Movement in this region?

Defendant: I didn't know that. I didn't even know that there
were any detachments under Father Savo Bozic, Rade Radic and Cvi-
jetfin Todic.

President: Would you like me to remind you of one thing, of
one of your telegrams, sent to >Johan«, in which you announced
that the Partisans had deserted the Srebrnica and Vlasenica District,
and that the Ustasas had entered Vlasenica on April 1. This telegram
also says: »Dangic is working in Belgrade. He is preparing help in
everything and will arrive soon. Laza left yesterday and will explain
to him orally. Cica«. Who is this Laza?

Defendant: Please, what is the date of this telegram?

President: April 3, 1942.

Defendant: That might be Laza Trklja, peasant.

President: And whose is this signature? — Cica?

Defzndant: It must be mine.

President: Then, it means that the telegram is yours, and you
say in it that: »Dangic is working in Belgrade, help is being prepared
and Laza has left*.

Defendant: (Remains silent).

President: Did Bosko Todorovic in the winter of 1942 establish
contact through Grdic with southwest Bosnia and Lika, and link him-
self with the Italian invader there?

Defendant: I received one or two letters from Bosko. He sent
them from nearer Bosnia, from the Driea, and informed me in these
letters about some laws, which was quite amateurish on his part, I
sent him some kind of answer. After that I lost sight of him till his
death. The radio connection was poor and I had no other connection.

President: Whom did you send to Slovenia for the setting up
of your organization?

Defendant: Karlo Novak, Staff Major, went to Slovenia.

President: Do you know that Karlo Novak openly collaborated
with the invader and the White Guard?

Defendant: His task was to >undermine« the White Guard, to
pass through the units and by Ms propaganda win over the men and
induce them to go to the forest. This was the idea, and we did this
with Nedlc" $ detachments, and with the Home Guards.

President: Where did you go after the end of the First German
Offensive in Serbia in December, after having sent your commanders
to different areas?

136

Defendant: I was in a very difficult position. I went to Rajac
and then in the direction of Gornji Milanovac. This was in January.
I was in the villages around Rudnik and Bukovik, and later I went
towards Kragujevac and passed through Gruza.

President: When did you arrive in Sandzak?

Defendant: I arrived in Sandzak in the spring of 1942. I went
over Cemerno and then to Golija. My assistants Lalatovic and Ostojic
asked me to go to Dragacevo, to make their situation easier. I went
to Dragacevo. I arrived in Sandzak, having crossed Zlatar.

President: Where were Lalatovic and Ostojic when you arrived
in Ziatar?

Defendant: Lalatovic came from Golija that morning. When
I left for Dragacevo, Ostojic went to the region of Nova Varos to
establish contact with Hasan Zvizdic, leader of the Moslems in the
Sjenica area. Ostojic went to the Nova Varos region to carry out
this task.

THE COLLABORATION OF THE CETNIKS OF DRAZA
{MIHAILOVIC WITH THE INVADER AND USTASAS IN THE
COURSE OF THE THIRD OFFENSIVE AGAINST THE

NATIONAL LIBERATION ARMY

President: Did you know that Rade Korda, Petar Bacovic,
and Pavle Burisic took part in the Third Offensive?

Defendant: I know now, but I did not know of it at that
time. I learnt the real state of affairs when I arrived in Montenegro.

President: Is it true that your units participated in the Third
Offensive together with the Italian invader against the National
Liberation Army?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: Did Pavle Durisic take part in it?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: And Petar Bacovic?

Defendant: I gave him the task of going from Zlatar to Heir-
cegovina,

President: Did he go directly there?

Defendant: Yes, he did, but he had skirmishes with the Parti-
sans on the way.

President: Had you known, before you read the indictment,
that Pavle Durisic collaborated with the Italian invader?

Defendant: After I arrived In Montenegro I found the situation
such as it was.

137

President: Who directed the operations in the Third Offensive?
Defendant: Ostojic.

President: Was he at that time still your chief of operations?
Defendant: Yes, he was.

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Oermans for ammunition for the struggle against the forces of National Liberation.

President: After you met Mm on Zlatar Mountain, how far
away were you from Ostojic?

Defendant: Ostojic came to me, and after a certain time I

went to Montenegro, and he came after me.

138

President: Which operations did Ostojic direct at that time?

Defendant: I think Ostojic did everything on his own. He
was absolutely acquainted with the situation and the way the work
was done.

President: Well, you still maintain that Ostojic directed the
operations.

Defendant: I think that he planned the whole affair in his
head. How and why I do not know.

President: Do you know that Pavle Durisic received food and
ammuniton, clothing and so on from the invader?

Defendant: I did not know anything about it.

President: Now, please, answer this question directly.

Defendant: In the indictment it is said that it was so, but
I think that the arms were in the hands of the people.

President: All right. Did you appoint commanders for -direct-
ing the sectors in different operations of the Third Offensive?

Defendant: I did not.

President: I warn you that the accused Glisic, who is held
responsible in the same indictment, says that you appointed him Com-
mander of the sector and subordinated him to Commander Lukacevic.

Defendant: I began to work only when 1 arrived in Mon-
tenegro.

Prosecutor: He said so in his former records.

President: I shall read Glisic'<s deposition.

Prosecutor: Comrade President, I notice that the present
answers of the accused disagree with the - answers he gave to the
examining magistrate.

Defendant: There are many things which I did not know then.
Now I have learned certain things,

President: I am only telling you what Glisic said at his
examination.

Defendant: Perhaps he had some interest in saying so.

President: I only remind you that you appointed him
commander.

Defendant: I did not even see him.

President: Do you know that in the Third Offensive, the Cet-
nik ^ troops, commanders, and higher officers were transported from
position to position In Italian lorries.

Defendant: 1 don't know.

President: Do you know that after you went to Montenegro,
the chief of your operational d&partment went by car to the south?

139

Defendant: I don't know.

President: How did you go? Did you go by lorry?

Defendant: No, I did not. The other part of the Staff, including
Vucko, Ostojic, Lalatovic, Hudson and another Englishman, went by
lorry.

President: Which way did Hudson and Lalatovic go?

Defendant: From the region of Nova Varos through Prije-
polje, Bijelopolje to Sahovici.

President: Whose territory was it?

Defendant: It was Italian territory. They passed through it
disguised as Nedic's troops.

President: You went on foot?

Defendant: Yes, I did.

President: You know that then, at the time when you left
Montenegro, a part of your Staff, Lalatovic . . ,

Defendant: No, I went before them.

President: You know that Lalatovic and Hudson went by car?

Defendant: The car arrived at the house at Sahovici. They
passed through the Italian garrison as Nedic's troops.

Prosecutor: What had Nedic got to do with Sandzak?

Defendant: Glisic and Vucko had detachments. I did not see
Glisic then at all. Vucko came and wounded me. I was wounded In
24 places.

Prosecutor: You did not shoot him?

Defendant: Ostojic wanted to do so, but I said >no<.

President: You say that Glisic and Vucko passed through the
Italian troops as >Nedic's men«. How w,as it possible?

Defendant: They were Nedic's men.

President: Did you know that at this period, during the Third
Offensive, the Cetniks on this territory received clothing and food
from the Italians?

Defendant: No.

President: And when did you learn about this?

Defendant: I can't remember. I saw it only in Bacovic's

telegrams.

President: Did you issue an order to Petar Bacovic In July
1942 to attack the Partisan forces at Curevo, where the Partisan
hospital was?

140

Defendant: This order was certainly issued by the Headquarters.
I issued the order that the last remnants which were near the Drina,
should be thrown back.

President: You just said that you did not take any part in the
Third Offensive, that Ostojic did everything.

Defendant: Till my arrival in Montenegro I had nothing to do
with it, but after I arrived in Montenegro I had.

President: When did you arrive?

Defendant: I arrived in Montenegro- on June 1st.

President: From June 1st onwards, did you lead the operations
in the Third Offensive?

Defendant: I cannot say. The connections with the troops were
neither strong nor stable. Ostojic was the man who directed all these
matters. As a matter of fact, I do not remember all these things.

President: Did you issue the order that the struggle should be
continued?

Defendant: Of course, that it should foe continued.

President: Well, you issued the order to Petar Bacovic to
attack the Partisan hospital?

Defendant: Not the hospital. The brigade was there.

President: Well, the brigade, with the hospital. At the end of
the operations of the Third Offensive did any dispute arise concern-
ing Foca?

Defendant: As far as I remember, after what I have read in
this material, Bacovic had a meeting with a certain Jakovljevic of
the former Austro-Hungarian Army, who asked what would happen
to us; should we be killed? I know that the detachments were
approaching Foca in order to attack alt at a convenient moment I was
never in favour "of keeping the towns in our hands, because I knew
that they were difficult to defend.

President: Did Bacovic carry out the order of the Italian

command at that time?

Defendant: I know he did from the fact that he let the
UstaSas in.

President: On whose order did Bacovic let the Ustasas in?
Defendant: The Italians must have given Mm the order, he did

not do it at my order.

Prosecutor: That means that he carried out the Italian order.

141

MIHAILOVICS COMMANDER OF DALMATIA, HERCEGOVINA,

LIKA AND WEST BOSNIA, BIRCANIN, RESIDES AT SPLIT UNDER

THE PROTECTION OF THE ITALIANS

President: When you went to Sahovici, you crossed Mojkovac?

Defendant: 1 came to Sahovici, and went further up, to the

village of Krstac, where I spent about ten days. Then I went to Lever
Mountain to the village of Podgora.

President: Were there Italian forces at Podgora?

Defendant: No, they passed through later. Some of the Staff
were at Negobudja village, and their forces passed through there.

Prosecutor: Negobuda is only two kilometres from Krstac.

Defendant: Yes, but on the rocky terrain it is at least half an
hour's walk.

President: Did you go from Podgora to Hercegovina?

Defendant: Yes, I went to a meeting with Bircanin.

President: Who was that?

Defendant: IHja Trifunovlc BirCanin. He was the president of
the National Defence Society.

President: Where was he then?

Defendant: He was In Split

President: DM he belong to your organization?

Defendant: From the moment we met, he belonged to my or-
ganization.

President: Who else attended this meeting?

Defendant: Bacovic, Dobrosav Jevdevic, Father Perisld, Milo-
rad Popovic, Captain Ivanisevic and two others, peasants, one of
whom was nicknamed >Kutlaca«.

President: What was settled at this conference? Did you appoint
commanders?

Defendant: Yes, I appointed Bircanin Commander of Dalmatia,
Lika and West Bosnia.

President: Where did Birfanin go from there?

Defendant: He went straight to Split, he was then seriously ill.

President: In whose hands was Split at that time?

Defendant: In the hands of the Italians,

President: Did you know that at that time, July — August 1942,
the Cetnik commanders in Dalmatia, Hercegovina, Bosnia and Lika
were collaborating with the Invader?

Defendant: I don't understand.

President: Did your commanders, say, Jevdevic and others,
collaborate with the Italians at that time?

142

Defendant: That Is the situation I found. I tried to alter it.

President: Did you do anything to change the situation?
Defendant: I asked, both through Hudson, and in my telegrams,
that 5000 meals should be provided for me, because in Montenegro
and also In Hercegovina the people were starving. The moment
I arrived I disliked the situation and I asked for comments on this
work over the radio.

President: Whom did you ask?

Defendant: I applied through the government, 'but I know that
it went to all the Allies and to our government.

President: Did you inform the government about this?

Defendant: I was not there. Hudson, however, who had a se-
parate cypher, was able to do so.

President: Did the emigrant government make any remarks
about your work?

Defendant: I did not get any answer.

President: Did the government approve of this work?

Defendant: I did not get any answer.

President: And how did you get food?

Defendant: I bought it.

President: How did you buy it?

Defendant: I bought it from the people.

President: Did you at that time, towards the end of the Third
Offensive, and later on, receive help from the emigrant government?

Defendant: Yes, I did. I dont know who sent it to me, whether
it was the emigrant government or England. I received plenty of
money. First, I received a 100 sovereigns, and later, large sums
of money,

President: How large?

Defendant: I have already said. It is difficult for me to say
it now. • 20.000 pounds in gold . . .

President: Was it in gold?

Defendant: In pure gold coins. Then I received at least 30 mil-
lion liras. All I received is noted in my books and as they have been
seized, you can best see it there.

President: Did the king send you any money?

Defendant: Yes, he sent me 9000 pounds in gold to be given
to the Cetraks.

President: Did you receive help in arms, ammunition and food?

Defendant: Almost all the arms which arrived were damaged
because the parachute strings were not strong, so they broke, and
often the 'Consignment was destroyed.

143

President: Did you allocate these supplies to your commanders?
Defendant: Of course I did.

President: How long did you remain at Lipovo village?

Defendant: I cannot tell now exactly, but I went down from
Sinjaja to Polje and Lipovo where I remained for a long time.

President: At Gornje Lipovo?

Defendant: Yes.

President: Who held Kolasin then?

Defendant: Pavle Durisic held Kolasin.

President: Were any Italians there?

Defendant: No, there were not.

President: Did he hold it by agreement with the Italians, or
had he captured it from them?

Defendant: His garrison was there.

President: Did he occupy it in the course of the fighting, or by
agreement with them?

Defendant: By agreement with the Italians.

President: What kind of Cetnik tribunal was there at Kolasin?

Defendant: I did not have anything to do with it in Monte-
negro, but I know that Dragisa Vasic and Moljevic went there. Some
people were tried, but I don't know who.

President: Did anybody else go from your Headquarters or
from the people around you?

Defendant: Hudson went.

Prosecutor: And what cases were tried?

Defendant: I think every tribunal tries whatever comes up
before it.

Prosecutor: Did they try cases of debt?

Defendant: No9 criminal cases.

President: Whom did they try?

Defendant: They tried the communists,

President: Was it a court martial?

Defendant: Our court martial had to do its work in two days
time, 48 hours maximum, and this court, since it lasted longer was
not a court martial, according to the law. I wanted to issue regu-
lations concerning this, but I knew that I had no right to alter laws.

President: But you said that you knew about this. (He reads a
passage from the indictment about the Cetnik tribunal at Kolasinl

Defendant: If I had more time to think it over I could give
you exact answers.

President: Did you know about the collaboration of Bajo Sta-
nisic with the invader when you were at Lipovo?

144

Defendant: Yes, I did.

President: Was it a mass collaboration and an open one?

Defendant: Pavle himself was not sure if the invader meant to
attack them.

President: Do you know that he received Biroli?

Defendant: I told you that I did not interfere in political mat-
ters, because the situation there was so bad that it could not be
improved.

President: What do you know about this reception, did Pavle
Durisic report to you?

Defendant: Certainly.

President: Were you told that you could remain undisturbed
and so on?

Defendant: We heard that the Italians were manoeuvering and
I ordered Lalatovic and the others to go to Gornja Moraca with the
other part of the operational Staff, without horses, along the path.

President: Did Pavle Durisic, report anything to you about
Ms meeting with Biroli? Did he tell you that -there were conver-
sations about how to carry on this collaboration secretly?

Defendant: I think that it was in the interest of the Italians to
catch me, because they were frightened of me.

Prosecutor: I ask the accused whether Djurisic was his com-
mander?

Defendant: Durisic and Stanisic recognized my command. For
me, as a soldier, the difficulty was that I began with 26 men and they
soon became commanders. Consequently, I was satisfied if they re-
cognized me.

Prosecutor: In the evidence it looks otherwise.

President: Do you know about Bacovic's action in August 1942?
About the link in the vicinity of Prozor — Bugojno, concerning the
preparations for the attack against the Partisan territory?

Defendant: The Cetnik units were not in the vicinity od Pro-
zor, those were the free Ustasa units.

President: Do you know that in October 1942 the forces of
Father £>ujSc fought side by side with the Italians?

Defendant: I know from the report they submitted that they
passed through the region of Imotsko on the way to Makarska, and
that they attacked the Ustasas at Prozor; I again say the Ustasas. The
Idea was, as I stated in my plan, that Pavelic's State of Croatia should
be attacked, as one of the aims was to destroy it.

President; What do you mean that Pavelic's State should be
The Italian invaders cooperated with you on the battlefield.

145

Defendant: I did not know that they were co-operating: with
our detachments; neither was I told that this co-operation with the
Italian units was agreed upon.

President: At the inquiry, you stated, just on this point,
that you remember that Ivanisevic, who was Chief of Staff with Tri-
funovic — Bircanin, informed you of the significance of the conver-
sations between the commanders of the Bosnian, Lika-Dalmatian, and
Hercegovinian detachments of the Yugoslav Army of Commander
Trifunovic-Bircanin and the commanders of the 18th Italian Army
Corps.

Defendant: But I did not know the contents.

President: Perhaps you did not know the contents, but were
you informed about the matter?

Defendant: That is right* I didn't know whether this work of
theirs was in connection with this letter, I didnt know.

President: Did you inform Bircanin that the bulk of the Par-
tisan forces was in the area Jajce — Glamoc — Donji Vakuf; that the
Headquarters of Marshal Tito was at Livno and that it should be
destroyed by a large-scale operation, with the approval and co-ope-
ration of the Italian forces?

Defendant: I don't know. From the documents which were read
to me, in which Bircanin speaks of a letter he received from me, it
is evident that I wrote something like this. If I saw this document now,
I could say, otherwise I do not know. I remember that this document
was shown to me, but I could not remember it now again.

President: Are you tired? If so, tell the Court.

Defendant: Yes, I am tired.

President: 15 minutes intermission.

President (after the intermission); The trial is resumed. Accused
Mihailovid, in the period from December 1941 till the end of Novem-
ber 1942, which we were discussing, did you maintain contact with, the
emigrant government?

Defendant: Yes, all the time.

President: Continuous contact?

Defendant: Communication by radio; parachutists arrived . . ,

President: They brought help — material — money?

Defendant: Yes.

President: Did they approve of your work at that time?

Defendant: They entirely approved of it. It was announced*
over the radio, through the B.B,C.

President: Over the radio?

146

Defendant: Though the B.B.C We maintained contact. I believe
they approved. I asked them to comment on my work.

President: The contact was continuous. There were no com-
ments. You say, you asked whether the Government had any com-
ments to make on your work.

Defendant: Yes, I did.

President: And what did they answer?

Defendant: I did not receive any answer to this question.

President: During this time, did you obtain approval for your
work from Slobodan Jovanovic?

Defendant: The telegram which was shown [is correct.

President: Did you receive any praise for your work?

Defendant: The evidence will show which work it concerns.

President: All right.

Judge Lakovic: Did you know that the Cetniks were collabor-
ating with the Italians?

Defendant: When I was in Montenegro, I witnessed this.

Judge Lakovic: Did you, as their commander, do anything to
terminate this collaboration or did you let it go on?

Defendant: I can't remember what I did. When I came to Mon-
tenegro I saw that they had a certain policy. I let '.them go on.

Judge Lakovic: Did Pavle Durisic and Bajo Stanisic live per-
manently in towns?

Defendant: Stanisic lived at Ostrovo and Durisic at Kolasin.

Judge Lakovic: Did he go to Cetinje, and when?

Defendant: He did; he went to the governor.

Judge Lakovic: Was general Dukanovic under your command?

Defendant: Yes, for special reasons. "

Judge Lakovic: Where did he live?

Defendant: At Cetinje. I had reasons for that

Judge Lakovic: And Governor Biroli was also living at Cetinje.
Against whom did your detachments fight?

Defendant: Against the Partisans.

Judge Lakovic: Were you aware that Rade Radic, your com-
mander for Western Bosnia, who had under his command eight Cetnik
detachments, fought side by side with the Germans and the Ustasas
against the Army of National Liberation?

Defendant: I didn't know that.

Judge Lakovic: Did Rade Radic come to you?

Defendant: He used to come.

147

Judge Lakovic. Did he report to you about his collaboration
with the Germans and the Ustasas?

Defendant: I don't know.

Judge Lakovic: He says that he reported to you about his
battles in Western Bosnia.

Defendant: I don't believe that he reported to me about that.

MIHAILOVIC APPROVES THE COLLABORATION OF HIS
COMMANDERS WITH THE INVADER

President: In consideration of the fact that the indictment Is
very extensive and that the discussion of the periods of the struggle
may be useful for the conclusions to be drawn, the Court has decided
to pass on immediately to questions concerning certain definite periods.
Comrade Prosecutor, you may ask questions, if you have any, with
reference to the first or the second period of the indictment.

Prosecutor: You declared before the Court that you had issued
no orders to your detachments to legalize themselves with the inva-
ders, i. e., to put themselves openly in the service of the invader.
I would like to show you a short authorization of yours, No. l!3a»
and I ask you whether this is your handwriting and your signature?
{The document is shown to the accused Mihailovif).

Defendant (Looks for a long time at the document): This is
my handwriting and my authorization.

Prosecutor (Takes the authorization): In this authorization
Draza Mihailovid allows Dura Ivotic to work at the Supreme Head-
quarters of the invader on condition that he keeps to the national line.
The authorization is dated October 12, 1942, and issued in the
>Free Serbian Mountainsc. Accordingly, did you order your com-
to get themselves legalized or not?

Defendant: No. This could have been only a special task. I mixed
my men into their ranks.

Prosecutor: Well. But you wrote on the back of this act,
speaking of the collaboration of Rakovic, »Prike works excellently*.
What does that mean?

Defendant: This is a specific matter.

Prosecutor: Did Glisic and Ignjatovic have special tasks?

Defendant: I don't think so,

Prosecutor: Did you appoint Glisic and Ignjatovic as corps
commanders?

Defendant: I learnt later that they were corps commanders.

148

Prosecutor: I shall produce documents and you will find your-
self later in an awkward situation.

Defendant: I don't know.

Prosecutor: I have listened attentively to the questions of
Comrade President, and you declared that Jovan Skava was not your
commander.

Defendant: He was not.

Prosecutor: I have documents to show that he was, and I am
going to prove to you that he was. You had placed him under the
letter »Z«. This is written in an original document of the emigrant
government in London. You had placed him under the letter »Z«
because he had betrayed Vojvoda Misic's son.

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: So you had not placed him under the letter »Z«
because of the 360 partisans?

Defendant: I did not want to say so because this went, through
the British service. I didn't want that anything like this be known.

Prosecutor: Here, I shall show you this document in order
to convince you.

President: I beg Comrade Prosecutor to show the document
to the Court and the Counsel.

Prosecutor: Did Jovan Skava make daggers for your Cetniks?

Defendant: I saw this telegram in the evidence, but I don't
remember having received it Let him work, I said, there will be
time to capture him. Later he fled, I don't know exactly where.

Prosecutor: How could you say, that there would be time to
capture him, when he was living with your troops and making
daggers? Do you remember how many Partisans you killed in your
attack against Planinica?

Defendant: Two were killed, and one of my men was killed
and one wounded.

Prosecutor: Do you remember that five Partisans were wounded
and do you know what happened to these five wounded?

Defendant: I don't know what happened to them.

Prosecutor: What did you do with the captured Partisans?

Defendant: I took them to Ravna Gora.

Prosecutor: Were they beaten?

Defendant: At the time of the fight, and when they surren-
dered, there was some trouble.

Prosecutor: Do you remember when the Germans and the gen-
darmes started firing at Ravna Gora? Was that as early as in July?
Ek> you remember what happened at Bukovi, when two Germans

149

were killed and 72 peasants were shot, which you so much deplored
at the meeting with the representatives of the Partisans?

Defendant: That was the case of those two Germans in a car.

Prosecutor: Did your forces do this at Bukovi?

Defendant: As far as I know it was not the Partisans. It
was somebody who did not belong to anyone.

President: Did the gendarmes, together with the Germans,
attack the Partisans in July and August?

Defendant: I don't think so.

Prosecutor: Then what did the gendarmes do?

Defendant: They were at first in small stations and we dis-
armed them.

Prosecutor: Where did you disarm them? Mention one station.

Defendant: On the Rudnik mountain.

Prosecutor: I shan't believe this until you prove it. Did the
Partisans disarm the stations? Did you protect the stations?

Defendant: I did. I was inducing the gendarmes to come to me.

Prosecutor: Did the gendarmes serve the Germans openly or
not in 1941?

Defendant: I don't think they did anything for the small salary
they got.

Prosecutor: Did Nedic serve the Germans?

Defendant: He did,

Prosecutor: And the gendarmes whom Nedic had appointed?

Defendant: They did not dare to leave the town,

Prosecutor: Did you inform the Partisans that you had esta-
blished connection with Tri§Ic?

Defendant: I wasn't bound to give Information to anybody,

Prosecutor: You were not bound to give information that you
had sent a delegation to Nedic?

Defendant: It wasn't of any importance.

Prosecutor: You remember that the Partisans were attacking

Ljig?

Defendant: They were.

Prosecutor: And Lajkovac?

Defendant: I don't know, 1 don't remember.

Prosecutor: Were you attacking when the Partisans attacked
Ljig? Did you fight against the Germans in July and August? Did
you order your detachments to attack the Germans?

Defendant: I did.

150

Prosecutor: In July — August 1941?

Defendant: I can't remember.

Prosecutor: Did the Partisans invite you to join the struggle
against the invader?

Defendant: I can't say.

Prosecutor: I must establish the fact that you do not want to
tell the truth.

Defendant: They told me what they were going to do.

Prosecutor: And what did they say?

Defendant: They told me that they wanted to cut telephone
wires and poles.

Prosecutor: Did they say that they were going to attack the
Germans immediately, without waiting. Speak the truth before the
Court

Did the Partisans say that they would immediately attack the
Germans ,and did they say that you should both attack the Germans
together?

Defendant: At that time, whom did I have at Ravna Gora?

Prosecutor: Well, that is another thing, those were your rea-
sons and we are going to speak about it later.

Defendant: We have been talking of many things, we have
been talking for three days.

Prosecutor: For the principal questions you had your notebook
and in it you jotted down the points on which you reached agree-
ment. I have at my disposal every possible proof.

Defendant: I cannot invent anything now.

Prosecutor: I repeat once more. The question is very clear;
did the Partisans propose that you should immediately start the fight
against the invader? Did you have any reasons for not starting this
fight?

Defendant: I had no reasons.

Prosecutor: Was it because you had too few troops or was it
perhaps because of the reprisals of the invader?

Defendant: What has to be done must be precisely determined.

Prosecutor: Tell us, when, in 1941, did you consider that it
would be a favourable moment for attacking the invader?

Defendant: The moment when I was strong enough or when1
the German garrisons had become smaller.

Prosecutor: When was that? At what time?

Defendant: At the time of the attack against Pozarevac.

Prosecutor: At what time?

Defendant: It is known, when Cacak and Pozega fell.

151

Prosecutor: When did you consider that the moment for the
attack had come? Be careful, the proofs will contradict you, they-,

SiSSS"

p A B H -^ TOPA

As early as November 1941, the Cetnsks were performing joint military actions with
the Italians. This document was wfrfen on linen In order that it might be sown into
clothes, and thus taken from Sartiok through the liberated territory around Uzice

% Ravna Gora.

will show that you did not couider even this moment favourable for
the attack. And before that did :QU have any link with our emigra-nu
through Constantinople?

152

Defendant: 1 had.

Prosecutor: Who was your link at Constantinople?

Defendant: Vasilije Trbic.

Prosecutor: And did you have any other link?

Defendant: You are thinking of Peric. Peric was the first link.
He sent 900.000 dinars, and I did not hear of him any more.

Prosecutor: Who gave you the money?

Defendant: I know that Sasa Mihailovic gave me 400.000 dinars,
and 500.000 dinars were lost.

Prosecutor: Did you order Glisic to rnop up the Partisans in
the direction of Uvac?

Defendant: I don't believe I gave such an order.

Prosecutor: You will see in the course of the proceedings.
Well, did you order Ekrnc to raise the siege at Kraljevo?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: What did that mean. Did that mean free passage
for the Germans?

Defendant: As a soldier I knew that I was not able either to
defend or to take Kraljevo.

Prosecutor: After raising the Kraljevo siege, where did the
forces go?

Defendant: They went towards Cacak.

Prosecutor: In this period, after raising the Kralj-evo siege and
up to the attack against Cacak, did your forces have any connection
with the Germans?

Defendant: Duric knows best about that, I don't know.

Prosecutor: I have proofs that you ordered the raising of the
siege.

Defendant: Perhaps.

Prosecutor: The conclusion of the collaboration agreement
with the Partisans meant that you obliged yourself to fight against
the invader.

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Did you receive arms and ammunitions?

Defendant: I got 500 rifles and I don't know how much
ammunition.

Prosecutor: You do not remember? 25.000 rounds.

Defendant: I don't remember.

Prosecutor: Mihailovic, you are /taking such pains to deny
things, that you will find yourself in /an awkward situation in the

cf the proceedings. I would Hty& to deal with just a few more
items from tie1 indictment Who wa/your chief of staff?

153

Defendant: Dragoslav Pavlovic.

Prosecutor: And his deputy?

Defendant: Ostojic.

Prosecutor: And before the arrival of Ostojic?

Defendant: Dragisa Vasic.

Prosecutor: Did you have any connection with certain political
circles in Belgrade?

Defendant: Yes, Dr. Vujanac, Vlasta Petkovic, Nikola Stojano-
vic, Slepcevic used to come to us; and I was in contact with Dragoljub
Jovanovic, professor of Belgrade University, through 2arko Todorovic.

Prosecutor: Did 2arko establish this contact?

Defendant: He used to come to me and speak of Dragoljub
Jovanovic. 2arko Todorovic's wife was Dragoljub's student at the
Law Faculty. 2arko Todorovic brought me two booklets by Drago-
ljub Jovanovic.

Prosecutor: Did Milos Sekulic usually come?

Defendant: He did.

Prosecutor: And what happened to him?

Defendant: He came to me, we had an appointment and he told
me that he would obtain a passport, I don't know whether forged or
not, and that he would flee to Turkey. He gave me 10.000 dinars on
behalf of his party,

DRA2A MIHAILOVIC'S CONNECTIONS WITH ZERVAS,
HORIA SIMA AND DAMJAN VELCEV

Prosecutor: When did you get into touch with Zervas?

Defendant: I sent an officer but he did not return.

Prosecutor: Had you given Mm any authorization?

Defendant: I think so.

Prosecutor: Did any one assist you?

Defendant: Mihailo Vemic came to Belgrade. He is a radio-
telegraphist and he told me of his plan for joining the Todt organi-
zation and in this way getting to Greece in order to escape. Whether
he did so or not, I don't know.

Prosecutor: Your evidence contains proofs that your connection
with Zervas was functioning.

Defendant: No. It was not. But there was something. I had
some messages through Mihailo Vemic, but I am not sure whether
they were written or not.

Prosecutor: And what was your connection with Muharem Bar-
jaktar?

154

Defendant: I tried several times to establish contact with him
but I did not succeed.

Prosecutor: With whom did you have connections in Albania?

Defendant: The only connection which existed was with the
Metropolitan.

Prosecutor: And among the Albanians?

Defendant: Prince Cer, a catholic.

Prosecutor: Was that a permanent connection?

Defendant: I don't know.

./.

Facsimile of the leffer of the traitor of the Bulgarian people, Gemef, to Draza AAihailovic,

Prosecnfor: And your connection through couriers?
Defendant: That existed. There was Radonic from Kuce.
Prosecutor: Did you send any money?
Defendant: I don't know. It is possible that I sent money.
Prbsecutor: And on whom did you rely in Kosovo and
Metohija?

Defendant: On the Kosovo Committee. There was a French-
man there.

Prosecutor: And among the Skipetars?

Defendant: Seri Kllpa. He wanted me to establish contact with
Barjaktar.

Prosecutor: Was Muharem in the service of the ItaEans?

. 155

Defendant: I think not. I wanted Crnoglavic to come to me
when he passed through Belgrade as a released prisoner of war. I*
went to his district.

Prosecutor: And who gave you the idea of establishing contact
with Muharem Barjaktar?

Defendant (Pause): I don't know.

Prosecutor: Did Muharem Barjaktar fight against the Albanian
Partisans?

Defendant: I know no details about his work.

Prosecutor: And about Zervas's work?

Defendant: I had no detailed knowledge of Zervas's work.
Perhaps I knew something because 1 had information from a certain
Greek. But nothing else. Nothing in writing. He did not write to me.

Prosecutor: And when did you establish connection with Horia
Sima?

Defendant: Never.

Prosecutor: There are documents which mention this con-
nection.

Defendant: The person who went there, did not go for that.

Prosecutor: You sent a report to the emigrant government
expressing the intention of establishing contact with Horia Sima. The
original document will be shown to you in the course of the pro*-
ceedings.

Defendant: Perhaps, I did not have it. A captain went to Kor-
nelije. I did not send Mm.

Prosecutor: All right. Did you have any other connection with
Rcumania?

Defendant: I tried with Manitu

Prosecutor: And?

Defendant: I don't know if I succeeded. I don't remember.

Prosecutor: And in Hungary?

Defendant: With General Ujszaszy.

Prosecutor: Did you establish connections with officials in the
Hungarian government?

Defendant: I don't know. I can* t reconstruct the events but I
can say something about it. When Urosevic escaped from a camp in
Hungary he was captured; afterwards he succeeded in escaping to
Turkey. The Hungarians were looking for connections there, but the
British service in Turkey advised them to find me on the terrain. And
they did their best when capturing this Urosevic, who informed me
of the situation.

156

Prosecutor: Your documents contain the report of your agents
that connection had been established with the Hungarian government.

Defendant: I cant say anything about that because I don'jt
know.

Prosecutor: All right. You were also trying to get into contact
with some persons in Bulgaria.

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: I ask you, with whom; what kind of contact and
upon what basis?

Defendant: These connections were with Damjan Velcev
who is now a member of the Bulgarian Government

Prosecutor: What did you say in the protocol?

Defendant: These connections were with Gemeto and Damjan
Velcev and with the Protogerov men.

Prosecutor: Where was Gemeto?

Defendant: In Cairo.

Prosecutor: Did he send you any letters?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Did you send him any reports?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Did you try to make an agreement, and on what
baas?

Defendant: I did. On the basis of a personal union between
Bulgaria and Yugoslavia under a common dynasty.

Prosecutor: Under which dynasty? The Coburgs?

Defendant: Under the Karadordevic dynasty.

Prosecutor: And on what basis did you negotiate with the
second group, and what group was this?

Defendant: It was not a fully valid agreement. The second'
group were the Zvenars, with Velcev.

Prosecutor: What was the basis of this?

Defendant: I knew that they wanted a military alliance and!
customs* union with us.

Prosecutor: Who was working on this?

Defendant Laza Trklja, Srbakof.

Prosecutor: Was there a committee?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: You established connections with Neco Trajkov?

Defendant: Yes, these were the Protogerov men. My evidence
contains data about that.

Prosecutor: And what were your connections with the Bulga-
rian occupation troops?

157

Defendant: With General Nikolov?

Prosecutor: What connections did you establish with the Bul-
garian occupation army's Headquarters at Mis?

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Letter from Mihailovic to Damjan Velcev.

Defendant: That was only an attempt I was expecting Italy's
capitulation. I wanted to seize control over the Bulgarian troops
in our country.

158

Prosecutor: And did your troops, together with the Bulgarian
occupation army, take part in the struggle against the Army of Nati-
onal Liberation?

Defendant: Only incidentally.

(The President asks the defendant whether he is tired and the
defendant replies in the affirmative. The President suspends the trial
for 10 minutes).

MIHAILOVIC'S CONNECTION THROUGH THE TURKISH CONSUL

IN BELGRADE

(After a pause of 10 minutes the trial is continued).

President: The trial is re-opened. Bring in the accused Mihai-
lovic. The photo reporters may* photograph for a quarter of an
hour from the moment of Ms entry. Comrade Prosecutor, you may

continue.

Prosecutor: When you came to Montenegro, can you remem-
ber where general Dukanovic was?

Defendant: At Cetinje.

Prosecutor: Did you appoint him commander of Montenegro?

Defendant: For certain reasons, I did. il said this during the pre-
liminary examination.

Prosecutor: Did he live at Cetinje freely, undisturbed?

Defendant: Completely.

Prosecutor: All right And now tell me this. We touched upon
this question some minutes ago. You had a connection through Con-
stantinople as early as Summer 1941. And you sent reports, didn't you?

Defendant: We were told to send reports in two envelopes.

Prosecutor: Did you receive instructions for the sending of
reports?

Defendant: I can't remember such things. Probably. I would

like to see a document of this kind.

Prosecutor: Can you remember from whom you got

instructions ?

Defendant: 1 can't. I must think it over. I think it was the Bri-
tish service. The British Intelligence Service, it seems, because when
Hudson came he brought a questionnaire or something like that.
Those were also the first radio connections through Radio London,
because we had no direct connections.

Prosecutor: Did you send your reports in accordance with this

159

Defendant: Hudson, or Marko, as we used to call him, asked
me questions and I replied.

Prosecutor: But before this, did you have any connections with
Constantinople?

Defendant: I believe so, but I can't remember.

Prosecutor: To whom did you address your reports?

Defendant: There were two envelopes.

Prosecutor: To whom did you address them?

Defendant: As a matter of principle, I did not want to recognize
the authority of anyone except the government, regardless of whether
the reports should come into the hands of the government or nor.
I was under British control and not one of my reports could go
through until I succeeded in creating a secret channel As a matter
of principle I considered myself a soldier of my government, with
no right to any policy contrary to it, with the exception that 1 had
another idea as to whom I could rely upon, and for that I paid dear.
I don't know if you understand me.

Prosecutor: I understand you well. But can you remember from
whom you got the questionnaire? From Hudson?

Defendant: I did not get it from Hudson. He kept it in his
hands, and asked me questions. I also had links through Turkey,
through the Turkish Legation in Belgrade. My aim was to establish
connections at any cost 2arko Todorovic succeeded in establishing
links through the American Legation. At first I tried to discover a
connection. I believed that the British had left at least one station?
but I was unable to find it.

Prosecutor: Here it Is (shows the defendant part of the record}.

Defendant: That is what it Is. I think that the Intelligence
Service had prepared these instructions, because they resemble those
which Hudson brought 1 had them "in my hand.

Prosecutor: I want you to answer the question, who brought
them to you,

Defendant: I can't remember. Possibly the Turkish consul In
Belgrade, possibly Dr. Sekuic from Belgrade: it might have been
Rapatec. He passed twice through our country.

Prosecutor: Who is Rapatec?

Defendant: He was a reserve officer, who was working for the
Intelligence Service, but who used the connections of the Catholic
cfiurch.

Prosecutor: Did he bring some money on one occasion?

Defendant: He did, but it was lost.

Prosecutor: For whom did he bring it?

160

Defendant: For Bircanin. Bircanin succeeded in sending infor-
mation of his existence and they sent to him a radio set, a storage
battery, and money by a submarine. All this was lost too.

Prosecutor: Did the government know that the money was
sent to Bircanin?

Defendant: The government and the British knew it. It haj>
pened before I succeeded in getting into contact with the British. Yes,
it may have been Rapatec.

Prosecutor: Perhaps Kostic?

Defendant: Not Kostic. He was a Ljotic man, I got a code,
but I didn't want to use it. I did not want to have anything to do
with him .». .

Prosecutor: Did you use Kostic for certain definite purposes?

Defendant: No, I did not trust him.

Prosecutor: 1 have at my disposal some telegrams from which
it is evident that you sent for Kostic . . .

Defendant: No, I complained against him in my telegrams. I
didn't trust him. General Bora Mirkovic perhaps. He was also work-
ing at that time. I know that he sent certain things to Acimovic.

Prosecutor: Did you give any answer to this questionnaire in
the course of the summer 1941?

Defendant: I did.

Prosecutor: Through Constantinople, didn't you?

Defendant: Yes, and there was the address of a Turk.

Prosecutor: Yes, of a Persian.

Defendant: Yes, the address of a Turk or a Persian.

FOUR DIRECT SECRET LINKS WITH THE EMIGRANT
GOVERNMENT

Prosecutor: All right. And now I would like to ask some more
questions. When were you promoted general?

Defendant: 1 had been asked the question, whether I would
agree to be promoted division general, I did not want to answer.
Formerly, as a lieutenant, I had been passed over. My comrades were
advancing. Josip Kostic passed me over. He was my enemy through-
out my whole life. I did not want to answer. Then >they urged me.
It was in January, when I was appointed Minister of War.

Prosecutor: You are slightly mistaken. It was on -December
15, Aad when were you appointed' War Minister?

Defendant: In January.

Prosecutor: In whose government?

161

Defendant: In Slobodan Jovanovic's.

Prosecutor: What government succeeded the government of
Slobodan Jovanovic?

Defendant: Dusan Sirnovlcfs government.

Prosecutor: When were you promoted to an army general?

Defendant: I don't know.

Prosecutor: Can you remember when the Supreme Command
had been transferred to our country, and when you were appointed
Chief of Staff of the Supreme Command?

Defendant: I don't know the time, but there Is a book about
It. I agree with the book. I was first asked if I would accept this
function and if this could be proclaimed. 1 said: Do so, if you need
to; for It was ail the same to me.

Prosecutor: What post did Lalatovic accept in your Supreme
Command?

Defendant: He had the task of maintaining connection.*
abroad, while we maintained internal connections. He had ten radio
stations. Pevec was in charge of technical connections with foreign
countries. We broadcast news abroad through our stations.

Prosecutor: Had the government its own stations?

Defendant: It had not.

Prosecutor: Was this in accordance with your wish?

Defendant: This was contrary to my wish. For me it was the
most important point that the code was different, It did not matter
then If a British station received It. There were four outside con-
nections.

Prosecutor: Did you succeed in establishing secret links with
the emigrant government?

Defendant: I did.

THE CONCILIATOR OF THE TRAITORS

Prosecutor: Now let us return to the meeting at Avtovac, In
the Zimonica Tower. This took place on July 13, 1942. Ill] a Trifit-
novic, Dobrosav Jevdevid, Captain Ivanisevic, Zaharlja Ostojic and
Milan Santic were present. Was there one of them who did not
openly collaborate with the invader?

Defendant: Zaharija Ostojic did not but the others did. Santic
is a civilian.

Prosecutor: But he played a certain part all the same.

Defendant: He used to go away and bring back things.

Prosecutor: Please explain to the Court, to myself and to
the Counsel, why you did not do anything to put a stop to this?

162

Defendant: I had no power.

Prosecutor: You mean to say you had no power, force or auth-
ority to give Pavle, Bajo or Bacovic the order: There must be no
m-jre collaboration with the Italians?

Defendant: There was another reason for their doing so. I have
already pointed this out, that I wanted to induce them to fight against
the Independent State of Croatia. There was a great difference
between Italian aims and the aims of Pavelid's Croatia.

Prosecutor: What effect did your suggestions have on Pavle
or Bajo? How did they react?

Defendant: They did their own work.

Prosecutor: Could you give them orders?

Defendant: Not at all, I could not even move them if they did
not want to move.

Prosecutor: When you saw what they were "like, why did you
not part with them?

Defendant: Because I wanted to get hold of them by other
artful means, so as not to lose them.

Prosecutor: What made you propose such high military decor-
ations for these men?

Defendant: It was a way of keeping them, and I did what
I could by means of giving money, too. Except for Bacovic, whom
I thought was honest, though I was mistaken, the others used that
money for themselves.

Prosecutor: When you asked the government to decorate any-
body, you used to say: I propose the following for decorations. And
you suggested that awards be made public in some cases and not
in others. You said it was not necessary to make public Durisic's and
Bajo Stanisic's awards. Why was that?

Defendant: I had to play the role of a patriarch who1 wished to
reconcile them. My messages considerably justify me. I played a con-
ciliatory role. Lots of my messages were intended to reconcile people
who were on bad terms with ione another. They got in each other's
way as regional commanders, and I played the role of a patriarch,
as I put it

Prosecutor: What do you mean by patriarch?

Defendant: They often quarreled among themselves and my
duty was to reconcile them... I have just forgotten what you
asked me.

Prosecutor: I asked you why did you demand certain names to
be public and others not?

t Defendant: The quarrels very often were so fierce that I tore
niy hair and went away, Lasetic was heavily wounded. He was at

163

Cetinje and I could not use him. I ordered that the decorations of
the three just mentioned should not be made public because I was
positive there would be objections.

Prosecutor: I am interested to know whether you were aware
that while you were at Lipovo, all your commanders were receiving
ammunition, food and other things from the Italians? Since your
commanders would not stop this collaboration, did the government
not say: »Stop, it can't go on like that!« Did you inform the go-
vernment of this?

Defendant: I "don't think so, but the British were at my Headqu-
arters and they knew everything. Nothing was hidden from them,
Col. Bailey could talk to any man who came to me. His room was
next to mine.

Prosecutor: But why did you forbid Robertson to send his
reports?

Defendant: He insulted me several times. He was difficult to
get on with. Twice he made excuses, and the third time when he
did come I refused to receive Mm.

Prosecutor: Was Major Hudson with you at the end of 1942?

Defendant: I think he was with me till 1943.

Prosecutor: Did he change duty?

Defendant: He had a lower position, because in 1942 Col. Bailey
came, and Armstrong arrived in 1943.

Prosecutor: And BOW answer the following question: Did you
ever give orders to any of your commanders to attack the Italians
and to wage an open armed struggle against them?

Defendant (Shaking Ms head): There were some fake attacks.
After the attack the Cetniks came to free the Italians and they took
their arms.

Prosecutor: Was there any open fighting, similar to the strug-
gle your units were waging against the Army of National Liberation?

Defendant: I can't answer straight off, it is too difficult, I
have no material at my disposal.

Prosecutor: Did your commanders openly collaborate with the
Italians in the towns?

Defendant: The troops were not near, and the commanders
took care not to be in their neighbourhood.

Prosecutor: I shall prove the contrary.

Defendant: Perhaps.

Prosecutor: Do you consider that collaboration with the Ita-
lians was treason? Did your commanders betray their people by it?
What do you think?

11*

164

Defendant: It was so. But I couldn't alter it.

Prosecutor: Who brought you the cipher in 1941?

Defendant: Hudson brought it, but it was not secret. The En-
glish knew It too. I asked for a secret cipher, because we shouldn't
wash our dirty linen In public. I asked the government to give me
a cipher. I did not succeed in getting it until I used other channels

Prosecutor: Did the government ask you, in the course of
1942, to attack the invader? Do you remember Slobodan Jovanovic's
telegram?

Defendant: I don't know.

Prosecutor: Can you remember the attitude of the govern-
ment? Were you allowed to attack the invader?

Defendant: The government was of my opinion: to wait for
a favourable moment.

Prosecutor: Is it true that in 1942 the government still consi-
dered it necessary to wait?

Defendant: Yes, till the moment of the decisive battle, i. e.,
the landing of the Allies or the capitulation of Germany.

Prosecutor: It means that your point of view wras identical
with that of the government?

Defendant: Absolutely identical. But individual actions were
not necessarily excluded.

RELATIONS BETWEEN BISHOP NIKOLAJ AND
DRA2A MIHAILOVIC

Prosecutor: Now I want to ask another question. When did
2arko Todorovic leave Belgrade?

Defendant: 2arko was arrested by the Gestapo in Belgrade,
and taken to Zagreb to be questioned about his activities in Croatia.

Prosecutor: And then he remained in Zagreb?

Defendant: He broke the window of his prison and escaped.
He spent several months there, worked there, and founded our or-
ganization.

Prosecutor: Who took over the contacts that 2arko was main-
taining with certain politicians? Did 2arko's wife do anything?

Defendant: 1 think she tried. The son of General Andelic,
military jugde, appeared as mediator. Two people appeared and
offered to take 2arko's place.

- Prosecutor: Your couriers were meeting in the house of a
woman?

Defendant: 1 know, but I can't remember the name.

165

Prosecutor: Cenic, Denic, what was the name? Did you have
contact in this period with a certain priest?

Defendant: In Slovenia I tried through Karlo Novak.

Prosecutor: Who sent you letters about Korac, was It Bishop
Nikola] ?

Defendant: Bishop Nikola] sent one letter by Mirko Trifu-
novic. I received this letter two years later. The man who was carryng
the letter had kept It. But I had other contacts. There was a man
who could remember every word which was said and who did not
talk. I spoke and everything was recorded in his brain.

Prosecutor: When did you first establish contact with leading
members of the Macek party? In 1941 or 1942? Did you know
Pinterovic?

Defendant: I had contact with Croatia via Budapest. It was
more difficult to get contact through Belgrade.

Prosecutor: Did you receive messages from Macek about his
attitude at that time?

Defendant: A certain Belanic came. He was Macek's man. !
sent a letter both to him and Kosutic, and gave them Instructions.

Prosecutor: And what was the answer?

Defendant: The answer was that he was not their represen-
tative. They were getting what they wanted out of me and were
not giving anything in return. It was in line with Mafiek's policy1.

Prosecutor; In that period?

Defendant: During those contacts.

Prosecutor: When did you meet Bajo first?

Defendant: When I, returned from Hercegovina.

Prosecutor: Bajo did not come to Avtovac?

Defendant: I met him on the road which leads from Savnik to
Lever Tara.

Prosecutor: How did you meet f>uric?

Defendant: Through Nedeljko Plecas, a parachutist who
came to Sinjajevina.

Prosecutor: When was that?

Defendant: In the autumn of 1942.

Prosecutor: Were supplies dropped to you while you were
on Sinjajevina?

Defendant: Supplies were dropped at the village of Stepac
and also in Montenegro.

Prosecutor: How did you distribute the supplies?

156

Defendant: Only limited quantities were received, and they
were given to the troops on whose territory the supplies were
dropped.

Prosecutor: That is to say that Pavle got the supplies? Was
Pavle fighting the Partisans then?

Defendant: When he got the material he was not flighting.
That was after my return.

Prosecutor: When did the Curevo operation take place?

Defendant: I don't know the date.

Prosecutor: Were the Partisan forces retreating to Bosnia
on account of Cetnik and Italian attacks?

Defendant: We were moving from place to place.

Prosecutor: Rarely or often?

Defendant About ten times.

Prosecutor: Did the supplies contain arms, too?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Can you remember that fighting broke out bet-
ween Cetniks and Partisans, when you received the first 'supplies on
Ravna Cora?

Defendant: I think that it was so.

Prosecutor: It was when Krupanj was attacked?

Defendant: No, before that.

Prosecutor: The President asked you a question which I would
like to ask, too. Did you send news abroad that fighting had broken
out? And what did the government reply?

Defendant: I don't know.

Prosecutor: You also sent news that the Partisans had been
driven out of Montenegro.

Defendant: Because I received such information. I received news
of a great number of shootings In Montenegro.

Prosecutor: That is also in your telegram. And what did
they answer? Did they say that you had made a mistake?

Defendant: I don't think they did.

Prosecutor: When did you first meet General Dukanovic?

Defendant: I think at Lipovo. I think I met him twice.

Prosecutor: Did you appoint him commander of Montenegro
before that?

Defendant: Before that, his deputy Lakovic came to me.

Counsel Joksimovic: Have you ever done anything which went
beyond the orders and intentions of the emigrant government
the occupation, or did you stick strictly to the orders and
Instructions of the said government?

167

Defendant: They had to understand my difficult situation.
My great difficulties, a ruined country, a country without anything,
the beginning — they had to understand it. Even if I had hidden
anything from them, the British service would not have done so.
We had two parallel services: information sent by me, and by the Bri-
tish Mission, which had absolute freedom of movement.

President: I shall return to the question of your Counsel. »Did
you act at all times on the Instructions of the royal emigrant Yu-
goslav government?

Defendant: I did. i am a soldier and they were the govern-
ment. I considered that I was appointed minister merely for pur-
poses of propaganda.

IN THE FOURTH OFFENSIVE AGAINST THE ARMY OF NATIONAL
LIBERATION SOME TWENTY THOUSAND OF MIHAILOVZC'S

CETNIKS TOOK PART

President: Accused Mihailovil, are you acquainted with the

operation of the invader, known as the Fourth Offensive?

Defendant: Yes, I am.

President: Tell us now what you know about the Fourth Offen-
sive. Which of your commanders, units etc. took part in it?

Defendant: Regarding my participation in this Offensive, the
centre of it was in Dalmatia. As early as winter 1942*1943 1 was
informed about the landing which was to be carried out on the
Dalmatian Coast, or rather? not on the Dalmatian Coast, but on our
Littoral. As a soldier, I estimated the possibility of a landing, and
I came to the conclusion that the most favorable conditions for
the landing were in Dalmatia,, near Spit, where there are several islands
which would make the landing operations easier. At that time the
Partisans began to attack Dalmatia. One thing was obvious, and
that was that I should keep my positions in Dalmatia. Under such
conditions, and in these circumstances3 I had. In my opinion, to defend
my positions in Dalmatia.

President: Tell us actually about the Fourth Offensive.

Defendant: This was the situation up to the Fourth Offensive.
Under such conditions and having gathered data, I Issued the plan
for operations on January 2. We carried on fighting in Dalmatia,
where Bacovic participated, but the other forces neither joined
it there, nor came to the positions which I assigned to them. In
the Fourth Offensive there was much disobedience, because Pavle
Durislc, who was asked to go to the region of Kalinovik as a re-

165

serve, instead of going there said, that on his way through Sandzak,
he would purge it of the Italian Militia and the Moslems. However,
he returned with the plunder and dissolved his units. The Partisan
offensive was to develop in the Prozor direction. Fighting was going
on. Bacovic passed through the Imotsko area, and finally came to

/I
m&ir$ne3H"*-

A document showfcg Mihailovic's cooperation with the invader. Beginning of the original
!e«er from BC,ka Ooka« (Draia Mihailovic) to »Cika Branko« (Zaharije Ostojic) on
fhe eve of the battle with the Partisans at the Dragacevska river

169

ITMU-* ttVMWi-
fL.. i 7 /

^f^ l*urv

...In the second part o! this feller (confirmed from p. 168} Mihaiiovic orders that
Nymber 22 {iialians) shoo!d send »by all meansa one of their companies to the

Dragacevska river,

Hercegovina. The most important thing for me was to keep Her-
cegovina, and I did not care at all about the intentions of the enemy.
As the Partisans were advancing In the direction of Jablanica, 1

370

171

wanted to preserve the area of Hercegovina, Sandzak and Monte-
negro. The fighting was developing. Ostojic really dircted the oper-
ations. He gave the orders. After this, I decided to go to the battle-
field itself, and for this reason I went through Lipovik towards Ka-
linovik. I went to this area but I didn't stay in the Headquarters there,
but I went in the direction of Bilinici with Pavle's troops, and later
I went back to Kalinovik and to the left, where 1 was in danger of
losing the line I had in Hercegovina. There the operations were
lead by Ostojic, because I had no time to occupy myself with these
matters, since I had really come to visit my troops and get acquainted
with the real state of affairs.

President: Did you, for the sake of direct leadership in these
operations, form a special staff at the general Headquarters, headed
by Zaharije Ostojic?

Defendant: This staff was sent later. It was attached to the
Supreme Command In order to direct the struggle, the operations
and the organization, and to be nearer to the terrain^ both in Bosnia
and Hercegovina, and also in other regions.

President: It acted according to your order Al» 1 of January
2, 1943. Which Corps were to take part in the struggle against the
Partisans under whose command, and with what numerical strengh?

Defendant: We had no details as to how many men the com-
manders could bring. The plan expressed only our desire. The First
Corps of 2.000 men was under the command of Bjelajac.

President: Is it true that the Second Corps fought under the
command of Bjelajac?

Defendant: I believe so. It is in the indictment and the order
bears it out I do not know how much Bjelajac really participated —
1 have no data about it. The Second Corps of 2.000 men, under the
command of Father £>u]Ic» in the region of Otocac, the Third Corps
under the command of Major Bacovic, 3.000 men, in the vicinity of
Knin, the Second Kosovo Brigade, 8.000 strong, under the command of
Novak Mijovic in the vicinity of Drni§, the Fourth Corps under the
command of Bajo Stanisic, 3.000 strong, in the area of Donja Ja-
blanica, the Fifth Corps, 3.000 strong, under the command of Bora
Mitranovic in the region of Kljuc and Manjaca. 1 do not believe that
the plan was executed. As a reserve, Pavle Durisic with 4 — 5.000
men, according to orders, was to be in the region of Kalinovik,
because I considered this region to be very important; when later
I wanted to retreat from Kalinovik, my idea was to take the Piva-
Drina line, because, from the military point of view, it is the strongest
and most favourable line.

172

President: You said that Major Ostojic personally led the oper-
ations of the Cetnlk forces in the Fourth Offensive.

Defendant: Major Ostojic led them.

President: Was Major Ostojic still Chief of your operative
section? *!

Defendant: Yes, he was. He represented a separate section,
which I sent from my Headquarters, in the beginning of December, to
the region of Kalinovik in Hercegovina.

President: In whose name did he command?

Defendant: In my name.

President: Did Ostojic inform you of the development of the
operations?

Defendant: Certainly, he did.

President: Did the commanders of the sectors and columns
also inform you?

Defendant: Telegrams arrived from all sides.

President: In the course of the Fourth Offensive did you per-
sonally issue orders to certain commanders?

Defandant: Perhaps,but very few.

President: How many of your units, do you think, took part in
the Fourth Offensive against the Army of National Liberation?

Defendant: I think, only very small parts (of Dujic's forces actu-
ally participated.

President: How many men participated, approximately?
Defendant: At a maximum 12 to 15.000 men.

THE CETNIK TROOPS ARE TRANSPORTED TO THE FRONT

AGAINST THE ARMY OF NATIONAL LIBERATION BY THE
TRAINS AND SHIPS OF THE INVADER

President: In order to transport and bring to the concentra-
tion area such a great number of men, you surely had to carry out
certain preparations. How did you transport your troops to their

positions?

Defendant: My desire was that everybody should get to his
place according to orders.

President: And how was it really done?

Defendant: As a fact, Bacovic transported his troops by ships.

President: Whose ships?

Defendant: The ships of the invader. He transported them to
Spit. Blaio Ekikanovic tried to do the same.

President; And what about the units of Bajo Stanisic?

173

Defendant: He went by train, I do not know where; the line
which goes through Treblnje.

President: In whose hands were the towns of Niksic, Trebinje,

and Mostar at that time?

Defendant: Niksic and Trebinje were in nobody's hands. Mo-
star was In the hands of the Italians.

President: And in whose hands was the railway?

Defendant: It was in Italian hands, but the staff was national.
(Laughter in the hall. The President rings the bell to warn the audi-
ence to keep silent).

President: Do you admit that the Fourth Offensive covered the
period from January 15 to the middle of April 1943?

Defendant: For me, it covered a much longer period. It lasted
till May.

President: What part did your delegate, Dobrosav Jevdevio,
play in the preparation of the Fourth Offensive and in the course of
the Offensive itself?

Defendant: He was an unbalanced sort of a man, whom nobody
could restrain. He did what he wanted. He came to Susak and sub-
mitted a report. His reports were useful, but his work, as a whole,
was very harmful. He could have been useful in the intelligence serv-
ice, but in his work he was very unfortunate for the organization.

President: During the battle on the Neretva was he on the
left wing; of your troops?

Defendant: The Italians were on the left.

President: And who was on the right wing?

Defendant: There was nobody on the right wing.

President: In the battle on the Neretva you had the Cetnik
forces of Voja Lukacevic on the right wing?

Defendant: He had no reason to go to Konjic. When the Neretva
fell into the hands of the Partisans, he had to hold the Treskavioa
Mountain and to defend the area which I needed for my defence; but
on his own he threw his forces on the Neretva.

President: Did Lukacevic come down to Konjic?

Defendant: He arrived at Konjic.

President: Who was at Koojic?

Defendant: The Italians were at Konjic.

President: Only the Italians?

Defendant: First the Italians, and then the Germans arrived
from the direction of Sarajevo.

President: Did it come to a struggle between Lukacevic and
the Germans?

174

Defendant: No.

President: Was there cooperation between Lukacevic and the
Germans?

Defendant: Yes, there was.

President: Were the German forces next to Lukacevic?
Defendant: The German forces were there when they arrived,
after the Kalinovik area fell.

President: I think much earlier, in February there was co-
operation between the Cetniks and the German forces?

Defendant: It is difficult for me to say anything about the
time. When I arrived at Kalinovik there was the greatest crisis. It was
in March or April, and only later the Germans began to arrive.

President: You say, you were informed about these ope-
rations, that you were on the whole informed . . .

Defendant: But they only told me what they wanted to, be-
cause all the main links were held by Ostojic, who jealously kept them
from me* thus trying to increase his influence.

President: Were you not informed, first in the course of the
Fourth Offensive, and later, upon your arrival, that the Germans were
participating with your forces there?

Defendant: Ostojic informed me, according to data gathered
on the terrain. I was informed about the Italian forces, which did not
engage in the fighting, and I was otherwise told only where eve-
ryone was.

President: You were told where everyone was. Did you see
the schedule of forces?

Defendant: The schedule was not clear to me.

President: You said that Ostojic informed you.

Defendant: About the course of the operations.

President: Did he inform you that the Germans were on the
right wing?

Defendant: I think not, because they were not there. They
arrived later, when Konjic was threatened, and this can be seen
from the letters Lukacevic sent to Ostojic.

President: Was it in the course of the Fourth Offensive?

Defendant: In the course of the Fourth Offensive.
^ President: Explain to the Court, how did it happen that at
Konjic the Cetnik forces, under the command of Lukacevic, met the
Italian and the German forces.

Defendant: Lukacevic and Ostojic did it entirely independently

and deliberately. .

President; How were the Cetniks armed in the Fourth Of-
fensive?

175

Defendant: With the arms they had earlier.

President: From whom did they receive the ammunition?

Defendant: From the Italians.

President: How were they fed?

Defendant: The question of the food was explained to me then.
Jevdevic took a lot of money with which to buy food. I gave money
in gold for this purpose. In the Kalinovik region there should have
been sufficient food,

President: Do you know that the Savoia planes dropped food
and ammunition?

Defendant: I know It from the indictment.

President: And did you see this?

Defendant: Nowhere in the region of Kalinovik.

President: And on the Neretva?

Defendant: It was near the garrisons. It was in the Konjic
region

11, 22, 33y 44, WERE CIPHERS FOR THE TROOPS OF THE

INVADERS WITH WHICH THE CETNIKS COOPERATED IN

THE STRUGGLE AGAINST THE FORCES OF THE ARMY OF

NATIONAL LIBERATION

President: In the correspondence of Ostojic, in his telegrams*
what do the following mean: 11, 22, 33 and 44?

Defendant: This was invented. It stood for: The Germans* the
Italians, the Ustasas and the Home Guards.

President: You said that 12.000 to 15,000 Ceteiks took part in
the Fourth Offensive. How were they armed, In addition to rifles?

Defendant: With light automatic weapons and mortars.

President: Had they enough ammunition?

Defendant: I think not.

President: Did they receive ammunition from anybody?

Defendant: Yes, they did.

President: And what did the Cetnlk units lack in the struggle?

Defendant: They had bad leadership. They did not act according
to my orders and ideas, nor according to order No. 1. They did what
they pleased.

President: How was the morale of the troops?

Defendant: I cannot give you any details about it. Among Du-
risic's troops the morale was good, the troops were in good condi-
tion, but those in Dalmatia lacked morale.

176

President: And those of Lukacevic, Pantic . . .

Defendant: Lukacevic could supply good troops, because it
depended on the commander. Mitranovic, never. Bjelajac was con-
stantly quarrelling on the terrain with Colonel Mitic. There were
traces of their conflict On the whole, it can be said, that the com-
manders were greatly responsible for the lack of morale, and the
struggle itself was not popular, although it had been during the Third
Offensive.

President: And how did the morale come to be so low?

Note from Mihailovic's files: Number 11 are Germans, 22 are Italians, 33 Usfasas,

44 Home Guards,

Defendant: I think that the struggle itself was not popular.

President: How do you mean — the struggle was not popu-
lar? Why?

Defendant: Certainly, because we were fighting each other.

President: Against whom did the Cetniks fight?

Defendant: Against the Partisans.

President: Did this influence their morale?

Defendant: It must have had an influence on it.

President: Before comming to fight were the troops told
against whom they were fighting?

Defendant: The indictment, perhaps, exaggerates in this respect;
but I consider that it was not concealed from the troops.

President: E>o you?

Defendant: Perhaps, some of them, certain commanders, on
their own responsibility, told them that they were going against the
Germans, instead of telling them against whom they went, and so ...
I would like to add this that I, being a soldier, would never deceive my
soldiers. This would be very wrong, for they would find out. In such
a case, a commander would achieve the opposite effect concerning
the morale of the forces, because he would lower the morale. It
would be a wrong and unmilitary act

177

President: In the course of the examination, you were shown a
document signed by Stanisic and Bacovic, from which can be seen
thar. there existed collaboration between 11, 22, and 33.

Defendant: I first saw it in that mixing up of troops.

President: And what do you think? Was there collaboration
or cooperation between the German troops and the Cetniks against
the Partisans in the Fourth Offensive?

Defendant: I think there was no other collaboration but that
of Voja Lukacevic, who arranged it on his own in that region. Other1-
wise, I didn't see any collaboration with the German occupation
troops.

President: And the participation of Drenovic?

Defendant: Drenovic was so far from me that I never came
into contact with him.

President: And did you know that he collaborated with the
Germans in that period?

Defendant: I learnt about it from the indictment, and in the
course of the examination.

President: Were you regularly informed about the advance of
11, 22, 33 and 44?

Defendant: I ought to have been, because I had to protect
my rear.

President: I must remind you, that you said the following at the
examination: "They also informed me regularly about the advance
of Nos. 11, 22, 33, and 44, all except for Drenovic, with whom I had no
radio contact.* Do you know that Bajo Stanisic collaborated with the
Germans in the course of the Fourth Offensive?

Defendant: When he went to Mostar.

President: Where did he go?

Defendant: He went to Mostar. The Italian troops were there.
Bajo Stanisic went to Mostar without my approval, and at that time
the Germans came there.

President: Well, was he with the Germans then?

Defendant: Yes, only I do not know whether it was a coinci-
dence that he was at Mostar, when they arrived.

President: Do you know that in the course of the operations
of the Fourth Offensive, Bajo Stanisic asked the German airforce to
bomb the positions of the Army of National Liberation?

Defendant: Yes, I learnt it from the indictment.

President: You say that Bacovic transported his troops to
Split by ships.

Defendant: Yes.

178

President: Where and how did he go from Split?

Defendant: I do not know exactly, but I think that he went
towards Knin.

President: What transport did he use?

Defendant: Knin was in Italian hands. I think you have asked
me about it already.

THE DEFENDANT MIHAILOVIC DIRECTS THE OPERATIONS OF

THE CETNIKS AGAINST THE ARMY OF NATIONAL LIBERATION

IN THE FOURTH OFFENSIVE

President: Were you informed that the forces of the Army
of National Liberation, having crossed the Neretva near Jablanica,
had withdrawn towards Prozor?

Defendant: I cannot remember whether I was informed or not.

President: Cant you remember?

Defendant: No, I don't remember.

President: Do you remember the battle at Cicevo and Gla-
vaticevo?

Defendant: I was very intersted in that region. It seemed to
me a very dangerous direction. It was for this reason that Pavle's
reserve was to be sent there.

President: Do you know anything about the first part of the
Fourth Offensive?

Defendant: Very little.

President: How much?

Defendant: Very little as far as the movements of the German
forces were concerned, because, as can be seen from the indictment,
they were located far away, they could not even concentrate in
Sarajevo, Sisak — Zagreb — Ogulin were very distant locations. There-
fore I could not obtain details, especially as communication with
Western Bosnia was difficult and rare.

President: Were you informed that in the first phase the
Cetnik units participated with the Italian and German troops?

Defendant: I know Voja Lukacevic did.

President: In the first part?

Defendant: At first I had reports only about the work of
Bacovic and Father Dujic

President: Do you know any more details about the breaking
through of the Army of National Liberation towards Cicevo and Gla-
vati&evo In the direction of Kalinovik?

179

Defendant: That was on Jablanica. Andrija Veskovic was there
with part of the forces of Montenegro which were supposed to
defend the left bank of the Neretva. Fighting* developed. He was
absolutely inactive, and the crossing was made possible because he
did not properly secure the defence of the river. Later on LukaCevic
was also there. Andrija Veskovic and Lukacevic withdrew towards
Glavaticevo. Then Lukacevic separated from Mm and instead of hold-
ing Treskavica and Bjelinici he turned to the right towards Konjic,
from where he carried out attacks in the direction of Drezice.

President: When the forces of the Army of National Libera-
tion came to Cicevo and Glavaticevo and reached Kalinovik, where
were you?

Defendant: On the same day when the Partisans reached Bjeli-
nici I had come from Lipovo. I arrived the same day and wa« at the
head of my troops, proceeding in the direction of Bjelinici. I did not
know exactly where the Partisans were. When I was a few km* away
from Kalinovik, perhaps two hours after my departure, 1 came across
the Partisans, and 1 stopped there with 15 men, while Pavle came an
hour later. He deployed Ms forces, and started to attack. Heavy
fighting took place but neither of them succeeded in repulsing the
other. But that same evening Veskovic, who was situated on the right
wing near Obalj, was easily repulsed by bombs, as ! saw from
my position. Thus the position which had been established on the
line Bjelinici — Nevesinje was broken. I was then completely sepa-
rated from a!! forces located in the region of Hercegovina, near
Nevesinje.

President: Where did you go from there?

Defendant: To Kalinovik. I immediately saw the nature of the
manoeuvre which was being carried out through Lelija. I had been
all day at the observation post. This forced me to direct the entire
withdrawal towards Sarajevo. But on the way I changed my direction
and I went through Jabuka. Thus I arrived at IJstikolina and ordered
that the Bilja-Drina line should be held as the second line of defence,

President: How did you go from Lipovo to Kalinovik?

Defendant: I went by car past Plevlje.

President: And from there?

Defendant: I passed the night in the region west of Cajnice.

President: And from there? Where did you go from there?

Defendant: From there I went through Bukovica and through
Ustlkolina, then to Foca to a place on the left bank of the Drina. I
stayed in a house there and then set out for Kalinovik.

President: Where was Pavle Dtirisic at that time?

12*

180

Defandant: I found him west of Cajnice.

President: Let us go back to some other things. In the course
of the Fourth Offensive were you continually in touch with Zaharije
Ostojic, the chief of your operational section?

Defendant: Not in continual contact.

President: Did you issue any orders during the Fourth Offen-
sive?

Defendant: I could have only issued orders of an advisory
character. Otherwise I left it entirely to him to lead the operations
and whatever else he had to, do. And as I was dealing with very
important matters in the whole of the country, it was much better for
me to find out the real situation on the terrain and to draw my own
conclusions from it.

President: Did you issue orders to Father Dujic?

Defendant: Father Dujic very often tried to get in direct
touch with me, though he should have been in contact with Ostojic.
This is a principle of military command. Most probably/' he often
reported to me directly, but this was completely wrong.

President: Did yjou issue direct orders to Pavle Durisic, Ba-
covic, Stanisic and Jevdevic?

Defendant: There may have been some exceptions.

President: There is some contradiction here. When interrogated
you answered this question: "Yes, I issued direct orders to each
of the mentioned commanders, regardless of Zaharije Ostojic, who
was at Kalinovik."

Defendant: I have contradicted nothing 'by this, I have only
made it more detailed. There were certain cases of which I do not
know the details. There were certain orders which I issued; but Osto-
jic ought to have issued all the orders. It is clear even according to
the instructions.

President: Did you see tin the explanatory messages you re-
ceived from Ostojic and other commanders, that there existed
collaboration between the Germans, Italians and Cetniks.

Defendant: I can not be precise on this point, because, as
far as I received information about the enemy, I looked upon it as
information, as intelligence data which we needed, but I knew about
collaboration only as far as it referred to Jevdevic, who worked
on his own, and I did not know he was in such close contact with
Ostojic-

President: Well, you received particulars which you regarded
as Information, But you, as a soldier, had a map in front of you.

18!

Defendant: Yes, I used to enter everything on a map.

President: Did you see from the marked positions of the
Italian, Cetnlk and German troops that the wings touched and even
covered each other?

Instruciions from »cika f)oka« (Draza Mihaiiovid) to »Branko« (Zaharlje Osfojic) to ask

help from Number 22 (the Italians).

182

Defendant: According to the information I obtained, that
happened only after I left Lipovo. Till then there was no mixing
until their arrival on the terrain. There may have been some, but
only in Dalmatia.

President: Where were the Cetniks, who were wounded in the
Fourth Offensive, taken and tended?

Defendant: I had hospitals on that sector of the front. I had
my hospitals on the sector in which I was staying.

President: Name one of your hospitals?

Defendant: There was one at Kalinovik.

President: And another one?

Defendant: Afterwards there was one at Foca, and then at
Kolasin,

President: And who held Foca?

Defendant: It was in Cetnik hands. And above Foca, on
the right bank of the Cehotina river there was an Italian garrison.
Foca was held -by the Cetniks.

President: You say the Italians were on the right bank of the
Cehotina river.

Defendant: Yes, on the hill which is in the angle made by the
right bank of the Cehotina river and the Drina.

President: And who held that part of the town of Foca which
is on the right bank of the Cehotina river?

Defendant: I was not in the town itself and I was not informed
that anybody else was there except Ostojic's forces.

President: Do you think then that Foca was not held jointly
by the Cetniks and the Italians?

Defendant: Foca was not, but they might have administered it.
Whoever knows their troops, is well aware of their morale and knows
that they can be forced to remain where they are. And they were
there.

President: I remind you of your statements given at the exa-
mination, when you -said: »The Cetniks held the left bank of the
Cehotina river while the right bank was in Italian hands and the right
part of the town itself was held by the Italians and the left part by
the Cetniks*.

Defendant: That part of the town of Foca on the right bank
of the Cehotina river consists only of a few houses, while in the
main part of the town, on the left bank, were the Cetniks.

President: Do you remember a certain Kapetanovic?

Defendant: Kapetanovic was in Lika. I think he came after

the capitulation of Italy, or perhaps even earlier. I do not know
exactly. Kapetanovic replaced Bjelajac.

President: Was Kapetanovic one of the Cetnik commanders?

Defendant: Yes he was.

President: Do you remember his letter of November 7, 1943,
in which he informs you that the Cetniks of Plasko and Jasenica were
marching with the Italian units towards Slunj to attack the Partisan
forces, while the German and Croat troops were marching In the same
direction? from Petrinja and the Drina.

Defendant: I do not remember this letter.

President: Was Kapetanovic under your command?

Defendant: No, he was under Bjelajac.

President: Was Bjelajac under your command?

Defendant: He was, but I had no proper contact with him. He
was sent a radio station which did not work well

President: How did the Fourth Offensive develop after the
front on the Drina river had been established?

Defendant: The front was strong. We found the Italian garrison
on the hill 1 mentioned before. The disposition of oor troops was
carried out along the Piva and Drina rivers. Pavle suddenly proposed
to carry out manoeuvres towards Hercegovina through the very dif-
ficult terrain of Maglic and Volujak. I was very much against it.
However, he left for Volujak, leaving Veskovic, who was very incapable
as a commander. I considered that the dangerous points were those
south of Brod and round Ustikolina. I considered thai these were the
main points where the break through might occur. There ensued a
break through near Brod, where the front was weak Veskovic
absent. He was further away, above the bank. Then the retreat

and Veskovic's troops soon dispersed. Durisic returned to Scepan
Polje. When he came to the place where he had to launch the attack,
he did not carry it out, and hearing what was going on* he returned
to Scepan Polje without engaging in the battles either there or in
Hercegovina. After that we withdrew, with Oslojlc, towards Plevlje,
and formed a new front there. I left Ostojic there to continue the
work, and I hurried back to Lipovo where Colonel Bailey had asked
me to come. I somehow supposed the Germans were advancing to-
wards Novi Pazar and Sjenlca.

President: Who held the positions facing the Army of Nati-
onal Liberation on the right bank of the Drina river?

Defendant: The troops of Ustikolina headed by Voja Luka-
cevic held the right bank of the Drina river. On that lonely hill, on

184

the right bank of the Cehotina and Drlna rivers, there was a batta-
lion of Italian troops with a mountain battery, and thence to
the South, from the left bank of the Cehotina, the Cetnik forces wlere
located. Later on I learnt through official sources about the move-
ments of the Italians from Plevlje towards the right wing. I pointed
out that the wing near Ustikolina should be secured.

MIHAILOVIC INFORMS THE BRITISH MISSION AND THE EMI-
GRANT GOVERNMENT OF HIS OPERATIONS IN THE COURSE
OF THE FOURTH OFFENSIVE

President: Where was the plan, i. e., direction No. 17, drawn up?

Defendant: At Lipovo.

President: Who took part in drawing it up?

Defendant: I am not sure that I drew it up in the presence of
anybody, except Mirko Lalatovic. The others who used to come to
the headquarters, that Is Ivanisevic and Pavle Durisic, as can be seen
from the indictment, gave me Information about the state of troops
etc. But the instructions themselves had to be drawn up by me and
Lalatovic.

President: Who was informed beforehand about the operations
forecast in order No. 1?

Defendant: All the commanders concerned.

President: And those around you, I mean the persons
around you?

Defendant: I Informed nobody except my commanders.

President: Was Moljevic informed?

Defendant: He did not understand such things.

Presendent: All right, he did not understand, but did you
inform them when you drew up the order?

Defendant: It is possible. Moljevic, Vasic and Zujovic were
there. I gave them the substance of it in a few words.

President: Whom did you acquaint with the substance?

Defendant: I acquainted the British Mission? They knew about

the fighting.

President: Why did you inform the British Mission. Were you
obliged to do so?

Defendant: The Mission knew of it because they "had freedom
of movement and knew everything about the departure and "concen-
tration of troops. They were interested to know where the troops
went and it was easy to learn everything from our soldiers.

185

President: Whom did you Inform from the Mission?

Defendant: I was usually travelling with Colonel Bailey, and he
knew all about it.

President: Did you inform Colonel Bailey about attacks and
counter-attacks?

Defendant: I did, in so far as he was interested,

President: Did Colonel Bailey know that you were going to
the Neretva and why?

Defendant: He knew it.

President: Did he advise you not to go there?

Defendant: He didn't.

President: Were you in contact with the emigrant government
during the Fourth Offensive?

Defendant: We were always in contact.

President: Did you inform the government about it?

Defendant: I believe so. The files are in your hands. It can
be seen from the evidence.

President: Was the government helping you during the Fourth
Offensive. Did it approve of your actions?

Defendant: They approved of everything I did.

President: Do you know of the propaganda campaign of thj
emigrant government during the Fourth Offensive?

Defendant: I knew only what was broadcast by the BBC.

President: And how was it represented?

Defendant: We were using it as propaganda for our troops.

President: Was it correctly represented?

Defendant: I don't know all the details.

THE EMIGRANT GOVERNMENT SUPPLIES THE CETNIKS
WITH MONEY, ARMS, AMMUNITION AND FOOD.

President: Was the emigrant government acquainted with the
fact that the units of the Army of National Liberation pushed the
Cetniks back?

Defendant: I don't know,

President: Can you remember, on the whole, whether what
was happening on the terrain was correctly and truly represented, or
" misrepresented?

Defendant: I can say, that I felt that what was unfavorable
was not mentioned, but I cannot remember exactly.

President: Did the emigrant government during this period
send you arms, ammunition, money, food, etc?

186

Defendant: I know that money was sent and I know that they
sent arms, clothing and other things by plane from England. I had
to have men to organize reception. What was received I do not
exactly know.

President: Did the Italian artillery help the Cetniks when the
Army of National Liberation forced the Drina?

Defendant: Yes.

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facsimile of the report of 2ivan Knezevic, secrelary of the military cabinet, on the
conversation he hod with Refer Bowie, major in the service of Masterson, from which

It is seen that the emigrant government was informed of the cooperation of Mihailovic

with the invader.

187

President: Did you know that your detachments and certain
corps in Serbia were, at this time, in 1943, closely collaborating
with the Germans?

Defendant: No, I did not.

President: Are you acquainted with Rakovic's report about
meeting Kriiger and receiving 5.000 rounds from the Germans?

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Facsimile of the deductions of Zlvan Knezevic, secrefary of the Military Cabinet, offer
his conversation with Major Bowie. In his deductions Knezevlc criticises the government
lor not contradicting the reports about the collaboration of Mihailovic with the invader.

188

Defendant: I cannot remember.

President: He gave 5.000 rounds to Zvonko Vuckovic.

Defendant: I cannot remember this report.

President: Did you know that, after the capitulation of Italy,
your commanders entered into open collaboration with the Germans,
Italians, and Ustasas in Bosnia and Hercegovina, and in Serbia with
the Germans, Nedic's troops, Ljotid's detachments, Bulgarian troops
and units of the White Guard?

Defendant: If the enemy was in the vicinty, all the operations
which had to be executed were reduced to the defence of the
territory.

President: Was there cooperation between the Zlatibor, Javor
and Pozega corps with the Germans in November 1943?

Defendant: It is possible to say there was cooperation quite
accidentally. I have no maps nor reports to enable me to say now,
where everybody was.

President: Do you remember that during the operation's of the
Second Proletarian Division, which penetrated from Sandzak into
Serbia in the direction of Uzice, the Javor, Zlatibor and Pozega corps
attacked parts of the Second Proletarian?

Defendant: They were defending this boundary.

President: Did you know that Bulgarian units participated
in this?

Defendant: Yes, I did.

President: Did you know that Nedic's troops and units of the
Serbian State Guard took part in this operation?

Defendant: That I did not know.

President: Did you know that Ljotic's troops participated?

Defendant: Perhaps they did.

President: Did you know that the Germans participated?

Defendant: Yes, I did, but I did not know in what numerical
sirengh. They defended Uzice.

President: Then can it be concluded that there existed colla-
boration of the Cetniks, with the Germans and the Bulgarians, when
the Second Proletarian Division was crossing from Sandzak into
Serbia?

Defendant: I think there was no collaboration. It happened
by chance. I cannot explain it properly, as I have no exact schedule
of forces nor any maps.

Presfdeirf: Was there parallel action?

Defendant: You can say parallel action, but not collaboration.

189

President: Let us go back to the Fourth Offensive. Did Dobro-
sav Jevdevic inform you about his negotiations with the Italians in
which he obtained the consent of the Italian Genera! Staff to the
participation of the Cetnik units in the Fourth Offensive?

Defendant: I do not know of any consent of that kind. I would
never have agreed to it. I considered him a very bad man3 who did
anything he liked. My greatest mistake was that I did not get rid
of him somehow. But I could not. I should have done it somehow.
He did the greatest harm to me and to the whole organization, by
his behaviour.

President: How do you explain the fact that in the course of
the operations at Konjic your commander Voja Lukafievic, the Italian
troops, and* I think part of the 713th German Division found them-
selves together?

Defendant: Lukacevic brought it about entirely on his own,
and Ostojic knew and approved of it

President: Did you know that Ostojid and Lukacevic collabo-
rated with the Germans at that time? Perhaps not at that time.

Defendant: When this ended, 1 was in a position to investigate
the matter. During my journey from Lipovo to Kalinovik the crisis
occurred. When I arrived at Kalinovik my chief work was on the
terrain.

President: How did this contact at Konjic come about?

Defendant: It came about through the work of LukaCevid and
Ostojic

President: Was there collaboration, not only in Konjic, but
also further on the right wing, with the Germans?

Defendant: I do not know. Further to the right there ought
to have been Mitranovid,

President: Were you Informed* in the course of the Fourth
Offensive, when Lukacevic was at Konjic, and to the right of Konjic
on Ivan Mountain, that certain German units were coming from
Sarajevo?

Defendant: No, I was not.

President: Were you Informed that the German units clashed
with the units of the First Proletarian?

Defendant: I do not remember being informed about this, but
I was informed about the arrival of the Germans In Mostar.

President: Were you informed about the conflict of the Cetnik
units with the German column which accidentally came across them?

Defendant: No, I was not.

190

President: Were you informed about the collaboration of this
German column with your troops?

Defendant: I think, not.

President: And how do you explain the matter concerning
Lukacevic?

Defendant: It was his own decision.

President: Was Ostojic informed about this decision?

Defendant: Yes, he was.

President: Did he agree with it?

Defendant: Certainly.

President: Who led the operations?

Defendant: Ostojic.

Prosecutor: And the Commander in Chief?

Defendant: I was the Commander in Chief.

President: Do you know that after the capitulation of Italy,
in December 1943 and in the course of 1943, particularly after the
capitulation, the Cetnik detachments in Slovenia, Lika, Bosnia, Dal-
matia, Montenegro and Sandzak entered into completely open col-
laboration with the Germans?

Defendant: I cannot -say anything about it, unless I am shown
the evidence, seeing that this is on such a large scale, and covers
a large area.

President: This evidence will be shown in the course of the
trial. Did you know about the agreements of the Cetniks in Bosnia
with the Ustasas and the Germans, after the capitulation?

Defendant: I learned the details when I arrived in North Bosnia
towards the end of 1944. Otherwise, the links were weak, and my
commanders who were there, did not want these links, because they
wanted to be independent

JUDGE LAKOVIC: »AGAINST WHOM DID YOU USE THE ARMS
RECEIVED FROM THE EMIGRANT GOVERNMENT?* DEFENDANT

(MIHAILOVIC): » AGAINST THE PARTISANS«

Judge Lakovic: You have represented Jevdevic as a charlatan.
From the indictment, however, it can be seen that you entrusted him
with very important tasks. Even more, you appointed him as one
of your chief links, between yourself and the Italians.

Defendant: Never.

Judge Lakovic: It is in the documents.

Defendant: Please show them to me.

191

Judge Lakovic: If you considered him as such, why did you
propose that he should be decorated with the Karadorde Star? Did
you submit his name?

Defendant: Yes, I did. But there were reasons for it. Bir~
canin demanded it.

Judge Lakovic: You did not teli us quite clearly about your
personal collaboration and the orders you gave in the course of the
Fourth Offensive, for collaboration with the Italians. You are reserved
on this point; although it can be seen from the indictment and frum
the letter you sent to Branko Ostojic, which reads as follows: »If they
reach the ridge, give them a good reception. They helped us yester-
day* ... Is this right?

Defendant: Yes, but it refers to the artillery on the hill on
the right bank of Cehotina, which fired and defended itself. It may
not have been collaboration, but an intrigue arranged beforehand.

Judge Lakovic: You ^o on to say in the letter addressed to
Ostojic: ^Utilize Ara 11 (i. e. the Germans) so as to succeed in the
easiest way« . . .

Defendant: What is the date?

Jugde Lakovic: May 7, 1943.

Defendant: Please show me the original, so that I can remem-
ber the situation.

Judge Lakovic (after showing him the original): Is this your
telegram?

Defendant: Yes, it is.

Judge Lakovic: You stated that you were receiving arms and
ammunition from the government and the Allies frcrn abroad
Against whom did you use these arms and ammunition?

Defendant: Against the Partisans, against the Ustasas, against
the Germans, against the Ljotic troops.

Judge Lakovic: Against whom did you use this ammunition at
this time on Stenjevina?

Defendant: It was used against the Partisans,

^ANNIHILATE THE PARTISANS* — MESSAGE OF COLONEL
BAILEY, THE CHIEF OF THE BRITISH MISSION, TO MIHAILOVIC.

President: Comrade Prosecutor^ have you any questions, please?

Prosecutor: (to the defendant) Comrade Judge asked yen a
few minutes ago about this telegram. In the first place you outfit
to state whether it is your handwriting and then I shall put questions
to you. Is this your book of telegrams?

192

Defendant: Yes, it Is.

Prosecutor: You have just declared that you did not know
about the collaboration of your commanders with the invader at
the time of the Fourth Offensive, but this telegram contradicts you
(he reads) »Bajo already gathered 1.200 men. . . Pavle 3.000 men . . .
Bajo's men are at Ostrog, Pavle's at Kolasin . . . The Italians say that
on January 2nd ^the decision will be taken — permission for the move-
ment to Niksic . . .« Who needed this permission?

Defendant: Bajo.

Prosecutor: Well, were the Italians invaders?

Defendant: Yes, they were.

Prosecutor: Why did you ask permission from invaders?

Defendant: He asked for it.

Prosecutor: There are further mentioned 1,500.000 rounds,
and arms. From whom was this to come?

Defendant: From the Italians. He wanted to utilize this oppor-
tunity.

Prosecutor: Your telegram also says: » . . . Footwear is
particularly in poor condition . . . Pavle, Ivanisevic and Rakocevic
spent the night with me . . .« What was Pavle?

Defendant: Commander.

Prosecutor: He spends a whole night working with you and
asks the Italians for ammunition, and you do not know of it? What
was Ivanisevic?

Defendant: Ivanisevic was chief of Bircanin's staff.

Prosecutor: Where did he live?

Defendant: In Split.

Prosecutor: And who is the invader?

Defendant: The Italians.

Prosecutor: Did you know that Ivanisevic lived at Split where
the Italians also lived.

Defendant: Yes, I did.

Prosecutor: What was Rakocevic?

Defendant: He was nothing, actually.

Prosecutor: How could he be nothing, when in -your telegram
it says: > . . . Rakocevic guarantees that he will get food and foot-
wear.* From whom was he to get food and footwear?

Defendant: From the Italians.

Prosecutor: Did you establish contact with Mitranovic? >Mitra-
aovid is strong and he san tear the Soviet Republic in two.« What
did you call the Soviet Republic?

Defendant: The areas which you held.

193

Prosecutor: I did not hold them, the Partisans held them.
Which areas do you mean?

Defendant: Around Bihac.

Prosecutor: Do you need a map?

Defendant: No, I do not.

Prosecutor: Were your forces, according to your order N> 1,
directed against the »Independant State of Croatia« or, as you call
it, against the »Soviet Republicc. Did the Partisans attack you or
did you attack them:

Defendant: The order was given and later came the attack
against the Dinaric region.

Prosecutor: Who attacked whom there?

Defendant: I defended the Dinaric region^ because I wanted
to keep Dalmatia,

Prosecutor: The Dinaric region is not in Hercegovina. Is the
Dinaric region near Kolasin?

Defendant: No, 1 had to keep all the Littoral in my power.

Prosecutor: Here is your order As L Would you like to see
the Italian map, where the schedule of your forces is marked?

Defendant: I would like to see it,

Prosecutor: Is this a defence or an attack? You attacked, you
were not defending yourself. This is a real offensive.

Defendant: This came as a result of the attacks directed against
Dalmatia.
(The Prosecutor shows the to the Defendant who looks at it.)

Defendant: There is no explanation of the signs, red blue
ones, on the map.

Prosecutor: The red are the Italians, the blue are the Cetniks.
Is the schedule of your forces exactly according to your order?

Defendant: No.

President: Well, then?

Defendant: The Knin region is poorly shown here,

Prosecutor: This is only the first phase of the offensive.

Defendant: Near the Knin region I had only one corps, that
was Bacovic's, Near GraCac it Is not correctly marked according to
my order. Only Badovid's position is marked.

Prosecutor: You gave Mitranovic the task of tearing »The
Soviet Reptiblicc to pieces with Bjelajac.

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: All right. (He reads): »If Pavle does not want to
go across count rye — how else could he go?

194

Defendant: As can be seen from the telegram, he wanted to
go by train. Pavle did what he wanted.

Prosecutor: Let us now clear up the situation around Konjic.
You answered the President, quite clearly, that the Italians were at
Konjic and that the Germans arrived later?

Defendant: Yes, only later. Lukacevic was on the left bank
of the Neretva and he went there on his own, with Ostojic's approval.

Prosecutor: Were there battles around Konjic?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Did Lukacevic fight with the Italians and the Ger-
mans against the Army of National Liberation?

Defendant: Yes, he did.

Prosecutor: Did the German airforce help Lukacevic in the
operations?

Defendant: I don't know.

Prosecutor: Answer this question. Did the Cetniks liberate Her-
cegovina with the Italians, and did the Partisans then disturb you in
Hercegovina?

Defendant: (Keeps silent).

Prosecutor: Did your commanders collaborate with the Ita-
lians? Did your commanders participate with the invader against the
Army of National Liberation?

Defendant: Yes, they did.

Prosecutor: Did you know about it? You -stated and it is on
record, that you knew about this collaboration.

Defendant: I also stated, and I repeat it, that I could not pre-
vent this, though I tried by all possible means to prevent it. I could
not force anybody by the means that were at my disposal. I was
satisfied for them to accept my command so that I could later use
them when convenient.

Prosecutor: When did Colonel Bailey come to you?

Defendant: In December 1942.

Prosecutor: Did you acquaint the representative of the Allied
Mission with your plan of operations after you had made it

Defendant: Yes, I did. But I neither read the order to him, nor
gave it to him.

Prosecutor: From whom did you learn that the Allies would

laad?

Defendant: When Bailey came, I learned about it.
Prosecutor: He told you about it?

195

Defendant: Just in conversation. I cannot remember the details
of what he spoke about or what he said. That Is asking too much
of me.

Prosecutor: He came, introduced himself to you as a represen-
tative, and brought you a letter.

Defendant: He brought a letter.

% Prosecutor: You submitted your plan regarding the Partisans
to him?

Defendant: No, we first had a conversation about the invader.

Prosecutor: Did you tell him about the attack against the
Partisans?

Defendant: I do not know how, but he knew about It.

Prosecutor: Did he ask you to discontinue your attack
against the Partisans and to cooperate with them in an attack against
the invader^ In order to make the landing safer?

Defendant: Here I must be definite and I ask not to be objec-
ted to for something which looks improbable. I intended to establish
contact In some way, and went to the terrain to try to find some
means of contact. This may seem unbelievable to you, but I told him:
*I shall go and try* but I could not, because the fighting was very
bitter. He advised me differently. As the indictment has already stated,
he advised liquidation or annihilation of the communists.

Counsel for the Defence (Draglc Joksiinovic): The communists
or communism?

Defendant: The communists or communism, I do not quite
know. I ask the President, should this not be answered in secret
session?

President: In the Federative People's Republic of Yougroslavia
you can speak freely before the Court.

Defendant: He said: annihilate the Partisans.

Prosecutor: Annihilate the Partisans? Is that so?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Well, how did you understand It? Should we take
it as approval of your plan of attack?

Defendant: Absolutely.

Prosecutor: And he told you that the landing would take
place?

Defendant: When 1 came, I heard from him that the landing
was to be carried out In our Littoral

Prosecutor: Had Ms ^annihilate the Partisans* anything to do
with his Information that the landing would take place?

Defendant: He did not say so at the same time.

13*

196

Prosecutor: I know.

Defendant: He was a man who did not say everything at once,
but mentioned something now and again.

Prosecutor: And was your operation aimed at creating a clear
situation in case of a landing?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Did you explain it in your conversations?

Defendant: In the course of the winter of 1942 — 1943 I made a
plan. I foresaw what every corps should do.

Prosecutor: Does it agree with your order Ns 1?

Defendant: I believe you have it in the material under the
heading ^operational orders«. It was, directed against the invader, ela-
borated, duplicated and sent to all the higher commanders.

Prosecutor: We don't know about this. I wish I had such a
telegram, not that I am interested in the telegram itself, but for the
sake of an impartial investigation. But you know that all your files
are not in our hands.

Defendant: You may have the operational orders from Ravna
Cora. 1 believe you have them.

ABANDONED BY THE PEOPLE MIHAILOVIC FEEDS ON SNAILS

Prosecutor: All right, let us go back again to the Fourth
Offensive. You said that even during the Fourth Offensive you did not
know that your commanders were collaborating with the invader

and that you learnt it only in the Investigation material?

Defendant: Even if I had known, I would not have been fully
conscious of it, because of the situation in which I was and the suf-
ferrings through which I passed. How was it possible for me, consi-
dering the volume of the material, to know . . .

Prosecutor: And what did you suffer?

Defendant: Hunger.

Prosecutor: When?

Defendant: Last year.

Prosecutor: And how did you live, what did you pass through?
It might be interesting for the Co-urt? Where did you live?

Defendant: In the woods.

Prosecutor: In a house?

Defendant: No.

Prosecutor: Where then?

Defendant; Out of doors.

Prosecutor: Did yon have a pill-box or a hut?

197

Defendant: Sometimes I had, and sometimes I hadn't
Prosecutor: What did you live on?
Defendant: We bought food, but with great difficulty.
Prosecutor: Did you always have food usually eaten by men?
Defendant: For a time we ate only snails.
Prosecutor: Had you any money?

Defendant: I had. But I nearly died of starvation, in spite of
money.

Prosecutor: Well, this was in 1945? After the liberation?
Defendant: Yes.

MIHAILOVIC PERSONALLY ASKS FOR HELP FROM THE
ITALIANS AND GETS IT

Prosecutor: Please read these letters of yours. Is this your
handwriting?

Defendant: Yes, it is.

Prosecutor: This is Ostojic's letter and your remarks. Read
it. The other is a reproduction. Show it to the Counsel for the
Defence.

Defendant: 1 would like to see the other one once more.

Prosecutor: Do you admit that it is yours?

Defendant: Yes, it is mine.

President: He admits them as his. Documents 247 a) and b) are
undisputed.

Prosecutor: Your letter was written on April 7, at 1 1 p. m. 1 shall
read it all to you. (Prosecutor reads document A§ 247 a) in which the
Defendant asks .Vs 22 (the Italians) at all costs to send one of their
companies to the right bank of the Dragacevska river and to take
•up positions above the sawmills.) Now then, how are we to understand
this? You ask for an Italian company to be sent to the Draga-
cevska river!

Defendant: Pure intrigue.

Prosecutor: This letter was sent on April 7.

Defendant: But they were not under my command.

Prosecutor: Here is your other letter: (He reads the document
As 247 b) which shows that one Italian battalion was sent to the Dra-
gadevska river).

Just according to your order, Your order was executed.
That is by JA 22, by the Italians. This letter did not go to the
archives, you added your note to it. He reported to you 40 minutes
later at 11,40 p. m. You added your note to it and returned it at

198

0.5 a. m. on April 8. What does this mean? This means that your
order was carried out: Instead of the company you asked for, an Ita-
lian battalion was sent.

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: (reads the document, and when he comes across
the word »intr!gue« he asks the Defendant what Is the meaning of
the word).

Defendant: Through an intrigue you can achieve something
you need at a given moment.

Prosecutor: Now, one more question.

Counsel for the Defence (Joksimovic): Please let us have an
explanation of what he meant by »intrigue«.

Prosecutor: It is clear to every one of us what intrigue means
here.

Defendant: Intrigue in this case means, seize your chance,
your opportunity to carry on intrigues with the invader, in order to
accomplish something against the Partisans (murmur in the hall).

Prosecutor: I am satisfied with the answer. Are you? (Addres-
sing the Counsel for the Defense). (No answer).

President: Have you any more questions? Accused, do you feel
tired or can you go on?

Defendant: Yes I can go on.

HUDSON'S LETTER TO DRAZA

Prosecutor: The Court asked you a short time ago whether
you knew that Rakovic had collaborated with the invader in Serbia?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: I am asking you a definite question. Do you know
that Rakovic met the German commander of Gornji Milanovac, from
whom he got 5.000 rounds of ammunition with which he supplied
his unit?

Defendant: I don't remember.

Prosecutor: Did Rakovic collaborate with the Germans?

Defendant: He was for some time at Cacak. No matter who he
was, he rendered great services.

Prosecutor: To whom?

Defendant: To the organization, because he killed Father Bulic

Prosecutor: Did he fight against those who fought against the
Germans?

Defendant: That is another matter.

Prosecutor: Now, let us come back to the Fourth Offensive.
•Would the Germans and the Italians have needed more divisions ta

199

fight the Partisans If you had not taken part in that offensive? Who
would have held the Neretva if your units had left it?

Defendant: I would have never taken part In that business
if I had not needed the territory, which I had to hold.

Prosecutor: Did Jevdevic collaborate with the Italians?

Defendant: He collaborated fully.

Prosecutor: Did you order him to collaborate?

Defendant: I did not.

Prosecutor: In your instructions it is said that you i^ave him
some task.

Defendant: Yes, I know what task I appointed to him.

Prosecutor: (Reading this instruction") »Jevdevic will organize,
according to the movements of various corps* the medical service and
evacuation of sick and wounded in agreement with the respective
corps commanders under the conditions then prevailing.*

Defendant: That1 s right.

Prosecutor: Where did he live?

Defendant: I wanted to give him something to do, so that he
should not be in my way.

Prosecutor: What was his role in the Fourth Offensive?

Defendant: The role of a mediator,

Prosecutor: Was this collaboration of your commanders with
the invader known to the members of the Mission at your head-
quarters? Did Colonel Bailey, for instance,, know about it?

Defendant: I did not go to KolaSin. I never went into towns.
He went to Kolasin several times with his Mission.

Prosecutor: At the examination you declared that there were
some Italian soldiers at Kolasin?

Defendant: I don't remember.

Prosecutor: In that case they knew as much as you and per-
haps more?

Defendant: Their job was not so simple as all that. They knew
more than I. They had their agents. Milan Radonjlc was their agent
already in peacetime. I know old Montenegro very little,

Prosecutor: Did Hudson say to you during the operations:
>Listen, Mr. Mihailovic, your commanders down there are collabora-
ting with the invader*.

Defendant: He did not.

Prosecutor: Did the emigrant government know about it?

Defendant: I don't know. You have the report. They could
have known everything through the British service, because I had
no secret link at that time, and the British Mission was sending tele-

2CO

grams regularly every day. Everybody who came to see me, went
also to Colonel Bailey and spoke with him about everything.

Prosecutor: Did the members of these missions at your head-
quarters know that Pavle Durisic and other Montenegrin commanders
collaborated with the Italians during the Third Offensive?

Defendant: I think that was in the hands of Ostojic. That is
my belief.

Prosecutor: For instance; did Hudson know that Pavle Durisic
collaborated with the Italians?

Defendant: He could have come to that conclusion on the first
day of his trip to Montenegro.

Prosecutor: Why on the first day?

Defendant: Because he travelled by motor-car, although his
identity was hidden, together with an Australian and with the Ostojic
and Lalatovic group who came to Sahovici. They passed through two
garrison towns, Prijepolje and Bjelopolje. It is true that they had
false names and forged papers.

Prosecutor: And the numerous Cetniks in the lorries?

Defendant: Ostojic passed them off as Nedic's troops.

Prosecutor: They belonged to Glisic and Ignjatovic?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Did Hudson ask to see the commanders that time?

Defendant: He did. I know it from the indictment. The letter
was shown to me during the investigation.

of ihe telegram written personally by Mihaliovic to number 222. (Advance

Section of the Soj>reme Command, wrtich was under the direction of Zaharija Osfojic).

201

§<k-*ui-*ft~ ^

J^knrir^wy'C

Second part of the telegram (continued from p. 200) in which Mihailovic orders an
attack on the Moslems in the Cojnlce District.

202

1 T A B
IHMCKO- waHuaqKii x geTH*

CTD.fi OB. tJpOJ

stsfcssiSESSsssfcssifcssrSsS

13 $eGpyapa 1943

cpeay

air?

u™r MBM £3^^^^

je ycneo aa yuajcHc np^KO mmTe^ %^?lJUl*™aa*'a' Jefla»

-ss - ^ Jss-y -sss

Mapai KO^ ^cji^Mana OHO je Tanopetui cpymen. ^aaiaaajia je
OM HHEMX wHMKa Tano,4a cy 6nm npocTo n3ryo*.eHM.
MHfe|ffieHUHja onynaTOpa HS ii.ieBa&a H MajHH^a cacTojaia ce cai^o y TO*
a o{5es6e!>e&e an^BM^ rapn^soHa o^ onacHocTM ycjie!}e&a nanera na»

4e?asaH KBBeiiTaj no^nehy HsucwawHo y pe.samgw ca CBiwa

Report from Pavle Durisic, Cefnik commander, to Mthaiiovic, about wholesale massacres
of Moslem population in the districts of Cajnice, PSevIje and Foca.

203

Prosecutor: Whom did he want to meet, and why?

Defendant: It is difficult to say. I think he wanted to meet
Bajo Stanisic, Pavle Durisic and a third person whose name I
don't remember.

Prosecutor: Would you like to hear it?

Defendant: I would like that letter to be read as a document.
(Hudson's letter is shown to the Defendant. In this letter Hudson asks
to meet Stanisic and Durisic and »other leaders who- have so success-
fully fought the communists and liberated their areas from them*).

President: Is this Hudson's original letter, accused Mihailovic?

Defendant: Yes, absolutely the original.

Prosecutor: And the additions?

Defendant: The additions too.

Prosecutor: The letter shows that there was some disagreement
between you. Did Hudson condemn the collaboration of DuriSie and
Stanisic, and was that the cause of the disagreement?

Defendant: We had already had disagreements in Serbia. He
was that type of man. We quarrelled about trifles. I can't remember
what. They were quite small things. For instance, some petrol was
dropped by parachute; my chief signal officer took it by mistake.
He asked that the petrol be returned within five minutes. Such trifles
would lead to conflicts between him and myself.

Prosecutor: Did Hudson point out to you the collaboration
of your commanders with the Invader and was that the reason for
the conflict?

Defendant: No, it wasn't.

President: Defendant, are you tired?

Defendant: It will be easier for me to give answers after an
interwal.

Prosecutor (Alter recess): When the President asked you about
the collaboration of Voja LukaCevic with the Germans you said that
it was not collaboration but a parallel action. Is that true?

Defendant: It was accidental parallel action. But to Mm it did
not seem accidental because he went there.

Prosecutor: I should to read you a letter of Voja Lukacevic
which states:

> Yesterday the communists shelled Konjic, destroyed

Italian pillboxes and Inflicted fairly heavy losses on them. Last

night they shelled my positions with mor tars. Even more con-
fusion was created when a German or Italian plane bombed

the Italian Headquarters at Konjic. The Italians and Germans

204

do nothing without consulting me. Yesterday I formally gave

them orders for the taking up of battle positions around

Konjic«.

Defendant: The first letter in the indictment contains the same
thing.

Prosecutor: But here it is said that Lukacevic gave orders to
German and Italian units. Is it collaboration or accidental parallel
action?

Defendant: I don't know what word to use for it. You attach
so much importance to one word.

Prosecutor: I attach importance to the truth. Accidental parallel
action means that if the Partisans fight the Germans there is simul-
taneously a clash with the Cetnik forces. But here Lukacevic says
that he was giving orders to German and Italian units.

Defendant: In that case he did it on his own.

Counsel for the Defence (Joksimovic): Perhaps Lukacevic was
boasting?

Prosecutor: If Counsel for the Defence suggests answers to
the accused, we shall not be able to discover the truth.

President: I expect that the Defence will fulfil its duties.

Prosecutor: The Defence may suggest answers, but the docu-
ments are here. You say that this was accidental parallel action. Let
us see document K® 202. On page 4 of the original Lukacevic writes:
^Ammunition should, be dropped to me by plane. I shall

place this sign on the shool ground: a white sheet 0,45 m. wide.

It is the best solutions.

Who was to drop the ammunition by plane?

Defendant: I don't know with whom they were in contact.

Prosecutor: Did the Germans and Italians drop the ammunition?

Defendant: They did.

Prosecutor: Was that also accidental parallel action or col-
laboration?

Defendant: I did not know what Ostojic and Lukacevic
were doing.

Prosecutor: Lukacevic was a commander of yours?

Defendant: I have told you about my difficulties with my
commanders.

Prosecutor: In document N° 207 (it is also a letter from Voja
Lukafevic) Lukacevic says: »The ammunition dropped by plane is not
sufficient As the Kalinovik road is free, let Jevda as£...« W}io
is Jevda?

Defendant: Dobrosav Jevdevic.

205

Prosecutor: (Continues reading) »Lef Jevdevic tell 22 to ask
11 to lend us some.« Who is 22 and who is 11?

Defendant: 22 are the Italians and 11 are the Germans.
Prosecutor: ^Let Jevda tell 22, L ev the Italians, to ask 11,

i. e., the Germans, to lend us 300.000 to 500.000 rounds because we
are without ammunition. The attack is to begin on March 4, 1943*.
Were you at Kalinovik at that time?

Defendant: I was, but I don't remember the exact date. I came
in the evening, and two days later there was a retreat from that front.
Pavle's units, which came from Kolasin, were fighting. I came in the
evening. Nex day we fought. Ulog fell on that day. The front was
broken.

Prosecutor: Lukacevic says: »Tlie attack is to begin on March
4, 1943. 11 has to act according to my battle orders How was he
using the enemy?

Defendant: He was using the enemy to fight against the
Partisans.

Prosecutor: Who were the enemy?

Defendant: The Germans and the Italians.

Prosecutor: And what nationality were the Partisans?

Defendant: We were fighting each other.

Prosecutor: Did the Partisans get into contact with the Italians
and Germans during the Fourth Offensive?

Defendant: No.

Prosecutor: Did Voja Lukacevic betray his country?

Defendant: He did.

Prosecutor: What steps did you take against it?

Defendant: I didn't even know what was happening.

Prosecutor: You say you didn't know. Weren't you commander
in chief during the Fourth Offensive?

Defendant: I had that title, but the commander in chief was
Ostojic.

f A voice from the Court-room: ^Death to the traitors€)

President: Order in Court! Let the person who shouted stand
up. (A peasant stands up.) Please leave the Court-room. (As lie
leases the Court-room the peasant justifies himself by saying:
>! couldn't keep silent, he killed my sonc).

Prosecutor: Did Vojlslav Luka£evi£ go abroad?

Defendant: He did.

Prosecutor: With whom did he go?

Defendant: He went with Bailey, Bailey took him.

206

Prosecutor: Was Vojislav Lukacevic present at King Peter's

wedding;?

Defendant: He was.

Prosecutor: Did he come back?

Defendant: He did.

Prosecutor: Did he keep his command?

Defendant: He did.

THE RAVNA CORA CONGRESS IN THE VILLAGE OF BA WAS
HELD IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE AGREEMENT BETWEEN
MIHAILOVIC AND LEADING MEN OF FORMER BELGRADE
POLITICAL PARTIES, AND WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE
EMIGRANT GOVERNMENT

P/osecutor: When did Bircanin die?

Defendant: I don't know exactly when Bircanin died. He died

during the Fourth Offensive.

Prosecutor: Did you propose that Bircanin 'Should be decorated?

Defendant: I proposed it after his death.

Prosecutor: After his death? Bircanin openly collaborated with

the Italians?

Defendant: I am not convinced that he openly collaborated.
Prosecutor: Did Bircanin fight against the invader?
Defendant: I don't know what he did. He could not fight

because he was very ill.

Prosecutor: How could you, then, give him a function?
Defendant: I gave him an appointment, because he was there

and because of the situation which prevailed there.

Prosecutor: Do you know that Bircanin was guarded by

carabinieri?

Defendant: If he had had any sense, he would not have
allowed that.

Prosecutor: He allowed if, and he was one of your commanders.

Defendant: Jevdevic celebrated Bircanin's death by drinking,
because he hoped to take his place.

Prosecutor: Whom did you send to replace Bircanin?
Defendant: I sent Mladen 2ujovic.

Prosecutor: Did he continue the same work?
Defendant: He had Instructions to stop that work.

Prosecutor; Did he carry them out?

Defendant: He tried, but I don't know how far he was

successful.

207

Prosecutor: Did he continue to have talks with the Italian
general, as did Bircanin?

Defendant: I don't know.

Prosecutor: Was Moljevic with you at Kolasin?

Defendant: Yes. But he came to Kolasin, I think, in the late
autumn of 1942.

Prosecutor: Was he a member of your Central National Com-
mittee then?

Defendant: He was with Dragisa Vasic and belonged to the
Central National Committee.

Prosecutor: Did Moljevic go to Kolasin to attend a trial?

Defendant: Yes, I think that Dragisa Vasic and Hudson
went too.

Prosecutor: Hudson? You said that Bailey went?

Defendant: I don't know, I had nothing to do with it,

Prosecutor: Who was tried?

Defendant: I don't know. Some communists were tried.

Prosecutor: Communists? And Moljevic and Hudson, or Bailey,,
were present? Is that true?

Defendant: I think it is true.

Prosecutor: When did 2ivko Topalovic come to you?

Defendant: 2ivko Topalovic came to me when I was at Ora-
ovica in Western Serbia.

Prosecutor: Why did he come?

Defendant: He came with certain political leaders and represent-
atives, for talks.

Prosecutor: And what was decided?

Defendant: It was decided to hold a congress at Ba.

Prosecutor: Why did you need to hold this congress?

Defendant: I was very busy at that time. I saw that the former
political parties had lost a lot of ground, and that I could not count
on anybody's support. Therefore we elected a Central Committee
composed of men whom we knew had clean hands and were less
politically minded. We had men from various parties. Vasld was a
Republican, we had Vtijanac, and there were some Agrarians. The
moment had arrived. On advice from Serbia and from abroad . . .

Prosecutor: Whose advice?

Defendant: The government's. The moment had come to hold
the congress.

Prosecutor: Did you get a message from abroad in 1943 or-
dering you to attack the Germans?

Defendant: I don't remember having received a message.

208

President: (To the defence) Please, put your questions?

Counsel for the Defence (Dzonovic): Do you feel fit enough
to answer my questions?

Defendant: I can speak.

Counsel for the Defence: Who was the organizer of the Fourth
Offensive?

Defendant: I think the Germans. The indictment also says so.

Counsel for the Defence: What was the aim of the Germans?

Defendant: I think their first aim was to clear a wide territory
from the most important Partisan and Cetnik groups, there where a
landing might be expected, and then, they wanted to mix the Ita-
lians, whom they used as front-line troops, with their own troops,
because they could not trust the Italians to defend the coast against
an invasion. There was friction between the Germans and the Italians
about the holding of certain territories. They negotiated about this.
In such cases the Germans used to enter these territories and stay
there.

Counsel for the Defence: You said in the investigation that the
morale of your troops was very low because they felt they were
waging a fratricidal war. Did your commanders think so?

Defendant: During the investigation I limited myself to a
certain extent, and I said it depended on the commanders. The mo-
rale of the troops differed. I felt it especially when I was in Mon-
tenegro, where the morale was excellent. But when the battles were
fought, losses and withdrawals took place. The Partisans succeeded in
forming the troops in a way I did not expect, and carried out very
good and powerful guerilla manoeuvres, which caused us considerable
losses. These losses resulted in very low morale among the Cetniks.

Counsel for the Defence: Was your idea to take over the
territories from the Partisans, or to annihilate the communists as a
social doctrine?

Defendant: My idea was to defend Dalmatia while awaiting
a landing, because I thought that if I held it, the landing would
take place just there.

President: You haven't given a direct answer. Be precise.

Counsel for the Defence: I should like the accused to answer.
Because this was one of the most important ^points in the examination.
We want to know exactly whether he wished to take the power from
the Partisans on the territory, or whether he wanted to annihilate
communism and its representatives.

Defendant: No, not annihilation.

President: Are you talking about the Fourth Offensive?

2C9

Defendant: It was not annihilation, it was the gaining of
terrain.

Counsel for the Defence (Bonovic): In your letter to Bacovic
it is said: »Mop up the communists.*

Defendant: That is only a military expression. I mean to say,
that is only a kind of expression you use in orders, that is, when
you say — mop up — annihilate. It is said in every order. The orders
of the Partisans were similarly worded. To mop up means to i^ain
the terrain, to establish one's organization there.

Counsel for the Defence (Joksimovic): Accused Mihailovic,
yesterday and today you talked about the salxrta^e carried out by
your organization. Can you make a list of the sabotage carried out
by your organization during the occupation, not today, but for
later on?

Defendant: Yes I can. I must add that I paid special attention
to the railway tracks and to the Danube river, whose course is im-
portant and therefore 1 asked for mines. 1 had very good information
abuut the ships which were in the docks, 1 asked that they should
be bombed. I used to indicate the position of objects, and I can £ive a
list of all sabotage. I can also say that not a single train, especially
those running between Belgrade and Ni§, escaped plunder. (Laughter
in Court). The railway staff was loyal and organized. The rail way men
used to derail carriages so that later we could empty them. We took
arms, and everything else which was transported. Once we took
1.800 watches, (Laughter in Court). I say that only to show that we
did not know what the cases contained.

THE PART PLAYED BY GEORGE MUSULIX OF THE AMERICAN

"SRBOBRAN" GROUP

President: Do you know about the enemy operation called the
Fifth Offensive.

Defendant: I do not.

President: Do you know when the Fifth Offensive began.

Defendant: No, I don't. I think it began with the German
ring round Zelengora.

President: Against whom was this directed?

Defendant: Against the Partisans.

President: Were the Cetniks encircled too?

Defendant: The Germans encircled us as far as they could.

President: At the trial held last year, Keserovic and Lukacevic
said that they were coming to your assistance, and they boasted that

210

they had managed to escape by telling the Germans to go against
the Partisans. Where did you go then? When did Keserovlc corne
to you?

Defendant: I don't remember the date.

President: When did you go with Hudson to visit the Valjevo
front, before your meeting with the Germans at Divci, or after it?

Defendant: Much earlier.

President: Was the iirst conflict with the Partisans concluded
before Hudson's arrival?

Defendant: Which conflict?

President: In September, October?

Defendant: We had only one conflict, in November.

Prosecutor: And what about P-ozega?

Defendant: That happened during the liberation action, when
we attacked the towns.

Counsel for the Defence (Joksimovic): Was Hudson with you
constantly till the end of the Fourth Offensive?

Defendant: Yes, he was. Colonel Bailey arrived too.

Counsel for the Defence (Joksimovic): Was there anybody else
besides them?

Defendant: There were many of them, Lt. George Musulin
came to Serbia as an Englishman, He was in the First Corps. There
were other British Missions, attached to certain commanders.

Counsel for the Defence (Joksimovic): Were they attached to
certain commanders of yours?

Defendant: There were many of them.

Prosecutor: In connection with a certain question of the
Counsel for the Defence I should like the accused to give me an
answer: Whom did you call communists, in the course of the four
years of war?

Defendant: There is nothing insulting about it.

Prosecutor: Did you call all the Partisans that? Was such a name
in use? Was it your habit to call them so?

Defendant: I never stick to any habits.

Prosecutor: What did you mean, in your messages, by "Attack
the communists"?

Defendant: I meant the Partisan units.

Prosecutor: The Partisan units. It means you never thought
of annihilating communism as an idea?

Defendant: Never,

Prosecutor: The examining magistrate asked you whether the

collafo&ratkm' of Luka&vie,- Bajo Stanisic, Barisic, Dtijic, Ra-

211

dulovic and others In the course of the Fourth Offensive had. any

influence upon the morale of your men?

Defendant: It must have had.

Prosecutor: In what sense?

Defendant: In a negative one.

Prosecutor: Was the fratricidal war your units waged against
the Partisans the reason for the rout of your units In April?

Defendant: The reason was bad and poor leadership.

Prosecutor: Don't you think the other had some influence too?

Lieutenant George Musutin, member of the Annerican Military Mission, wearing a Celnik
cap with a royal cockade and with a beard, delivering a speech a! the Cetnik congress
at the village of Baf held with the knowledge and support of the Germans, From
right to left: 1) Draglsa Yasic, 2) George Musu!lnf 3} Dragoljub-Draza Mihaiiov!c«

4) and 5} unknown* 6) Sfevctn Moljevlc ond 7) 2ivko Topaiovjc,

Defendant: Yes, it had.

Prosecutor: When the capitulation of Italy was imminent, how
many days in advance, and by whom were you informed that it
was approaching?

Defendant: If you would remkid me, 1 could tell you.

Prosecutor: Where did Luka£evi£ go?

Defendant: He left with Bailey for Berane.

Prosecutor: What was their task?

Defendant: To win over the >Veneziac division to our side

Prosecutor: Who told you the capitulation would come?

14*

212

Defendant: Bailey.

Prosecutor: You mentioned George Musulin. When did he

come to you?

Defendant: In 1943.

Prosecutor: Did he come officially or as a private person?

Defendant: He came as a member of the British Mission, al-
though he was an American officer.

Prosecutor: Was he subordinate to the chief of the British
Mission?

Defendant: He was his subordinate, although he was not a
member of the mission.

Prosecutor: What was Musulin's duty in America?

Defendant: He belonged to the "Srbobran" group.

Prosecutor: Was he in contact with the "National Defence1'?

Defendant: He was.

Prosecutor: Where did his sister work?

Defendant: She was Fotic's secretary.

Prosecutor: What about Syde?

Defendant: He came with Armstrong.

Prosecutor: And when did Armstrong come?

Defendant: I somehow connect his coming with the attack on
Visegrad. If I knew when Visegrad was attacked I could tell you.

Prosecutor: Did you try to establish contact with the Parti-
sans at the end of 1943?

Defendant: On December 23, 1943, I submitted a written do-
cument to Brigadier Armstrong asking the British Government to
mediate between me and the Partisans. He promised me his help, but
on January 3 he informed me that the British Government did not

want to mediate.

Prosecutor: That was what Armstrong told you. How did he

get this order?

Defendant: By radio.

Prosecutor: Was there anything else? Was there anything else

that prevented you from establishing this contact?

Defendant: No, in my records there is nothing else.

213

THE CETNIKS, GERMANS, BULGARIAN FASCISTS, UOTIC'S AND

NEDIC'S MEN, AND THE UNITS OF THE RUSSIAN AVHITE
GUARD« CORPS FOUGHT IN THE SPRING OF 1944 AGAINST THE
ARMY OF NATIONAL LIBERATION DURING ITS OFFENSIVE FOR

THE LIBERATION OF THE TERRITORY OF SERBIA

President: Accused Mlhallovic, enumerate the corps and the
names of the corps commanders In Serbia at the end of 1943.

Defendant: The Zlatibor Corps with Raduvic Kondor; the Po-
zega Corps with Milos, I can't remember ...

President: Markovic?

Defendant: Miles Markovic; the Valjevo Corps with NeSko
Nedic; the Majevica Group with Radic; the Macva Corps with, ! think,
Vasic; the Cer Corps with Tufegdiic; the Avala Corps with Sveta
Trifkovic; the Koltibara Corps with Komarcevlc; the Rttdnik Corps
with Topalovic; the Homolje Corps with Ocokoljic; the Krajina
Corps with Plletic, the TImok Corps with Ljuba Jovanovic, called
Patak, the Varvarin Corps — I can't remember the name; the NiSava
Corps — • I can't remember the name.

President: Perhaps Mllanovic?

Defendant: I was trying to remember during the inquiry.

President: The Deligrad Corps?

Defendant: The Deligrad Corps with Branlmir Petrovid; the
Kopaonik Group with Keserovic; Gordic had, 1 believe, the Rasina
Corps. I don't know the names of the other corps.

President: The South-Morava Corps?

Defendant: The South-Morava Corps under Major Buric.

President: Go OB.

Defendant: The First Ravna Gora Corps with Vtickovie.

President: What Is Vufikovid's Christian name?

Defendant: Zvonlmir Vuckovlc. The Second Ravna Gora Corps
with Predrag Rakovic. There were corps south of Vranje In the
Presevo region.

President: Did a Javor corps exist?

Defendant: The Javor Corps with Cvetic The First and Second
Guard Corps with Nikola Kalabid.

President: And what were they called officially?

Defendant: H. M.-s King Peter II Mountain Guard.

President: Was there a Belgrade Corps?

Defendant: There were two Belgrade corps uader the command
of Sasa Mihailovlc I don't remember the names of the commanders.

President: Was there a Lepenlca corps?

214

Defendant: The Lepenica Corps with Dusan Smiljanic.

President: Were there any other corps?

Defendant: In Serbia, I cannot remember.

President: In January 1944, did you order your units on the
Visegrad — Priboj sector under the command of Major Zaharije Osto-
jic, to combine with the Germans and Ljotics men in attacking the
Second Proletarian Division?

Defendant: I can't remember this order.

President: Did your units take part in the fight against the
Second Proletarian Division during its passage from Sandzak to
Serbia?

Af the congress at the village o! Ba, Major Terzic, in British uniform, kissing the Cefnik
flag. Behind him is George Musulin.

Defendant: From Sandzak? They did.

President: Which corps were they?

Defendant: The frontier corps: the Pozega, Javor and Zlatibor

Corps.

President: Did Bulgarian units take part with your units in the
Brezovica battle?

Defendant: They did in that region, but they came later. I donj-t

know the precise distribution of their forces.

President: Let me remind you that you have said that you were
treated well during the inquiry and that you made your statements

215

Facsimile of »Branko's« (Zaharija Osiojic) letter Jo »Cika Boka« (to Draia Mihailovic)

in which he informs him that he has ordered Italian artillery to take action against

the Partisans by the river Drina near Ustikolina.

216

voluntarily. You said during the inquiry; »The Bulgarian units took
part bat I don't know their number«. Is that right?

Defendant: It is right. I have been thinking about the situar-
tion particularly because before I was not able to visualize it. At first
my units fought and defended their terrain.

President: Were there Bulgarian units with your units?

Defendant: There were, but they came later. I don't know the
distribution of their forces.

President: Can you remember who attacked near Ljubis?

Defendant: That would be the Javor Corps.

President: And the Zlatibor Corps?

Defendant: If it was repulsed at Zlatibor, it might have.

President: Did German forces combine with the Zlatibor Corps?

Defendant: Perhaps on that sector, but I don't know at what
distance.

President: Did Kondor inform you of the course of the opera-
tions?

Defendant: He certainly informed me; it is only a question of
which iperiod in January it was, because from January 23, to May,
I was not at the Headquarters.

President: Did you have radio contact?

Defendant: The Staff kept radio contact.

President: Were you kept informed by the Staff?

Defendant: I was very busy with affairs.

President: Where were the Germans and the Bulgarians during
the attack?

Defendant: At their garrisons.

President: At which garrisons?

Defendant: The Bulgarians at Pozega and the Germans at the
U2ice garrison.

President: And who was at Cacak?

Defendant: The Germans were at Cacak.

President: Did General Trifunovic inform you at that time
that the Germans were near Katie village and the Bulgarians near
Kokin Brod?

Defendant: I don't know. I am unable to remember such details.
General Trifunovic in January . . .

President: Very well, accused Mihailovic, do you deny a joint
action of Cetniks and Bulgarians?

Defendant: I don't deny it. That was a contingency which arose.

Prosecutor: Were you holding Pozega and Uzice?

Defendant: I did not hold the towns.

217

Prosecutor: Did you defend the towns from the Partisans dur-
ing your struggle?

Defendant: If they had first marched against Pozega and
Uzice, I would not have resisted them. I only resisted such attacks
of the Partisans which might deprive me of my territory. On this
territory, in 1944, I had an airport near Cacak on which American
airplanes were landing. Nobody could take our territory from ufc
except the Partisans.

President: Please answer definitely. In January 1944 during
the passage of the Second Proletarian Division from Sandzak to
Serbia, was there collaboration among Cetniks, Germans and Bul-
garians?

Defendant: Only by chance.

President: Were you informed of the course of the operations?

Defendant: Only in general

President: Can you remember the dispatch of Kalabic, com-
mander of the so-called »H. M/s Mountain Guard* copied down in
your book, and sent on January' 16, 1944, from Ras — Ras, which
reads as follows: >Near Kusi£ and Katie on the Javor Mountain a
fight is still going on between communists on the one side and Get-
niks, Field Guard, Germans and Bulgarians on the other. There are
about 3.500 communists. They are encircled and they ought to be
knocked out any moment c

Defendant: Kalabic was not there. 1 consider that the style
of a telegram should always be short; in the style and the compos-
ition of a phrase in a telegram details are often left out,
and thus* different conclusions may be drawn. This is an unhappy
coincidence.

Ffoseculor; Did Lukacevic attack Plevlje by your order?

Defendant: 1 should like to get things clear. When Lukacevic
went . . .

President: Why do you not say straight out: By my order or
without my order?

Defendant: I let him decide according to the situation.

Prosecutor: Did you order the attack on Plevlje?

President: In January 1944 did you order your commanders
DurisiCj Draskovic, Kalaitovic, Cvetic to make a combined attack,
with the Germans and Ljotic's men, on the milts of the Army of
National Liberation near Priboj and Plevlje?

Defendant: I cant remember this order. I was at the congress
at Ba, where I was very busy.

218

President: Whose forces were holding Priboj at the time of

the Partisans attack?

Defendant: I don't know. Probably the Italians.
President: Who else?
Defendant: I don't know.

odi/eda u o-Kaott/

ona^e ofeo o«4e

Mot Uluoio^a Hlw<totix5
mvtvov^e

^Q. afea «u>[vt^e«no da nooa

naaad.

tla noo«m -cvaoianfiu n^^ece oe
u iw-iXH, ono^o- koto- Dam u>

Letter from Mihailovic to Mafa Maficevic, Ustasa commander in the Vares region.

President: In the Inquiry you said Cetniks and Italians . . .
Defendant: There were forces which did not belong to us,

I can't remember any details. If I have said so, it must be true.

219

President: Which of your forces took part In the fighting in

April 1944, at the time of the entry of the Second Proletarian and
the Fifth Shock Divisions into Serbia?

Defendant: The frontier corps were repelled noriluvardk They
were the Javor, Zlatibor and Pozega corps.

President: I am not asking you which forces were repelled, but
which forces fought against the Second Proletarian and the Fifth Divi-
sions of the Army of National Liberation?

Defendant: I did not carry out any concentration of force.s but
the concentration came about by chance, owing" to the fact that cer-
tain units retreated from the outside from others came, in order
to defend their sector. First the Javor, Zlatibor and Pozega unit*
retreated and later there arrived from the north Racic, NeSko Xedic . . .

President: Please^ mention your corps.

Defendant: The Cer, Valjevo, Corps . , .

President: And the first Ravna Gora Corps?

Defendant: Yes.

President: And the PoZega Corps?

Defendant: 1 have already mentioned that,

President: With which of the invaders' farces did the Cetnik
units combine?

Defendant: When these ooits wt-re retreating towards mirth,
none of the invader's forces were engaged in the fight. The invader's
forces had only arrived.

President: Which?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: Do them. Think.

Defendant: It is in the indictment.

President: Also in the records.

Defendant: Units from the Valjevo garrison,

President: No, I mean what kind.

Defendant: They were chiefly motorized units.

President: Actually, whose units were these?

Defendant: German motorized units.

Prosecutor: We must not waste time. Simply German motor-
ized units.

Defendant: As you say.

Prosecutor: I would like to ask the question: When did the
Cetnik units attack the German detachments?

President: He has said that the Cetnik units combined with
the German motorized units,

220

Prosecutor: Some time before he said that the Germans
attacked his troops.

Defendant: It wasn't in their interest (Laughter in Court).

Prosecutor: Well, so everything is clear.

Defendant: Otherwise they would have been able to crush me
whenever they liked.

Prosecutor: Why wasn't it in their interest?

Defendant: I was engaged in fighting the Partisans.

Prosecutor: I beg you to explain this.

President: What interest had the Germans in defending you
and why had they no interest in attacking you?

Defendant: Because they were defending Valjevo and they
knew that the Partisans would certainly attack the garrison.

President: So, it wasn't in their interest. And had you any inte-
rest in attacking them?

Defendant: I could not have any because I wTould have beerf?
certainly beaten in that case.

President: Which of your units took part in the fight against
both the Second and Fifth Divisions?

Defendant: They came later. I think they were Ljotic's men,
but there was no direct contact between the front lines.

President: I ask you to tell me which and whose forces colla-
borated with the Cetniks in the fight against the Second and Fifth
Division?

Defendant: They were Ljotic's men.

President: You have said they were Germans and Ljotic's men.
Who else?

Defendant: I don't know whether there were Bulgarians.

Prisedent: Try to remember.

Defendant: There were probably also Bulgarians.

President: Probably?

Defendant: I think there were.

President: Were there also Nedic's men?

Defendant: That wasn't an army at all.

President: Were there any?

Defendant: Perhaps.

President: Were there any white guards?

Defendant: I see from the evidence that there were also white
guards.

President: When you were asked: >With what occupation forces
did the Cetniks cooperate ?« You replied: «I did not call them. Get-

221

mans, Ljotic's men, volunteers, white guards Xedic's men were
fighting together with the Cetniks against the Partisans^.

Defendant: Yes, together by chance.

President: Did they Tight together against the Partisans?

Defendant: Yes, they did and this Is seen from \e3ko NedicV
words: >The Germans look on me with suspicion, but I am herec.

President: Which of your detachments touk pan In the fiirhtinar
In the Ibar gorge?

Defendant: It may have been the Javor Corps.

President: Were they with the Germans and Xedlc's men?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: Did the Germans and the Bulgarians use of

" artillery and what force did they use against the Second and Fifth
Division of the Army of National Liberation?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: How and from where were the Ceinik units sup-
plied with ammunition?

Defendant: We enough ammunition.

President: I ask you how the Cetnik units were supplied
during the operations against the Second Fifth Divisions?

Defendant: We fiad enough ammunition.

President: I will remind you of what you said during the in-
quiry: »The Cetniks were supplied with ammunition and arms from
Valjevo and Cacak. 1 want to emphasize that this had nothing to do
with me because Mirko Lalatovic was commanding the operations
against the Second Fifth division.* Is this correct put into
the records without pressure?

Defendant: This is correct and put into the records without
pressure. But what I say is correct. 1 cannot remember details

President: In the opinion of the Court, details as to the source
of supply of the troops are important. How were your Cetnik units
transported during the fight?

Defendant: It was that certain units were transported by
lorries which Ratable had at his disposal

President: And where had Kalabic kept these lorries?

Defendant: He got them to the terrain of Rudnik and Kosmaj.

President: From where did he supply them with petrol?

Defendant: There was enough petrol. I think there is still hid-
den petrol near Cacak, that remained from 1941.

President: As far as 1 remember, all that was burnt or spilt.
I must remind you that Jesa Simic reported to you differently
this transport.

Defendant: I don't know! But I can say that Jevrem Simic . . .

President: Answer definitely. I do not ask you what kind of

a man Jesa Simic was, but were the Cetnik troops transported, and

-A
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Letter of »-Dr* Ske« (of LJeuienoni Jesa Stmic), Gestapo agent and Mthallovtc's comman-

der, to »ihe Chief Docfarc (to Draza Mihallovic) cancernirtg fbe disposition of German

and satellite forces. " •

223

by whose vehicles in the course of the operations against the Second
Proletarian and the Fifth Division of the Army of National Liberation.

Defendant: I know they were transported by the cars Nikola
Kalabic had.

President: I remind you of Jesa Simic's message informing"
you that ^the Germans last night transported Zvonko's troops to
Beia Reka«.

Defendant: I would not have believed such a report, even had
I received it

President: You were shown a message stating that Vudkovic,
after his meeting with Kriiger, received 5.000 rounds from the Ger-
mans, Why would you not have believed It? If Zvonko Vuekovic
received ammunition from the Germans for the struggle against the
Army of National Liberation why shouldn't he use their lorries?

Defendant: He would not have so.

President: Do you think it a fault of less importance to receive
ammunition and fight than to be transported by their lorries?

Defendant: I think he never used them. As a matter of fact I
did not direct these operations. 1 was only partly informed* but I
believed that the transportation was carried out by cars driven by
civilians.

Prosecutor: So you did not direct these operations?

Defendant: I had much -work to do because propaganda was
very important for me.

President: Who supplied your units with food?

Defendant: Nobody. At that time we had complete control
of the terrain and we used to buy food. We had our stores* and
supplied ourselves from them.

President: Was there sufficient food in that region?

Defendant: Each corps brought food from Its own terrain.

President: I want to remind you of Cvetic's message. Was he
one of your commanders called Bibi or Vivi? He reported to you
>The Germans give us food and ammuntionc. Did Cvetic inform you
of that or not?

Defendant: I was not Informed in detail. This is the first time
I have seen this message. I cannot remember whether he Informed
me or not. I was not at the Headquarters.

President: Where were the Cetniks, who were wounded in
battle, looked after?

Defendant: In Serbia we had many hospitals.

President: Were they treated at UZice and other towns?

Defendant: Some of them went where they liked.

224

President: Were the Cetniks, who were wounded in the battles
against the Second and the Fifth division of the Army of National
Liberation, taken to the towns held by the Germans and Bulgarians?

Defendant: I know only of certain cases.

President: Were they treated there?

Defendant: They were.

President: Were they illtreated or killed by the Germans?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: Did the Cetniks go to the towns?

Defendant: Yes they did.

President: Did the Germans illtreat them there?

Defendant: After propaganda had been carried out against me,
the Germans tried by all means to take advantage of this. They
thought I would join them.

President: Which of your commanders participated in the oper-
ations against the Second and the Fifth division?

Defendant: Kalabic, Rakovic, Milos Markovic, Zvonko Vuc-
kovic, Tufegdzic . . .

President: Who directed the operations?

Defendant: Mirko Lalatovic. He was the chief of my Operative
Section and directed the whole staff.

President: Did Mirko Lalatovic inform you about the course
of the operations?

Defendant: He did, only he could not inform me about events
in the whole country. He had to pay attention to 60 other stations
which I had throughout the country. He could only inform me
superficially.

President: Did you direct these operations, as well as Lalatovic?

Defendant: I cannot say either yes or no.

President: Or through Lalatovic?

Defendant: Perhaps I did through Lalatovic, but only as far
as my work allowed me to.

President: So, you admit the possibility that you directed
these operations against the Second and Fifth division through
Lalatovic?

Defendant: Yes I did, as far as I had the data. It is possible.

MEETINGS WITH THE INVADER, WITH ACIMOVIC, LJQTIC,
ILIJA MIHAILOVIC

President: What do you know about the meeting between
General Triftinovic, known as »Dronja«, commander of Serbia, and the

German Starker at Vranici?

225

Defendant: I have to correct a mistake I made accidentally
at the examination. As shown by the indictment I said that General
Trifunovic was not at Vranic. I thought it was Vranic, not far from
Belgrade. But as this was Vranici in the Ljubic District, it is true
that the meeting took place.

President: Tel! us all you know about this meeting.

Defendant: I received a report that a German, a representative
of the Austrians who wanted to separate from Germany, wished to
meet my representative. I ordered General Trifunovic to meet him.
Zivko Topalovic Is mentioned here, too. It's probable that he was also
present, but I do not know for sure. When General Trifunovic came,
he told me that he left when he saw that quite a different* question was
to be discussed.

President: Can you remember whether Milan Acimovic was
also present at the meeting between Trifunovid and Starker?

Defendant: He was,

President: Can you remember when this meeting place?

Defendant: It was after the Ba congress. And perhaps what Is
written here is correct I add that 1 an Incorrect statement

about this.

President: We noticed that you got mixed up. Did you order
Genera! Trifunovic to go to the meeting?

Defendant: I did.

President: What was General Trifunovic In your organization?

Defendant: He was commander of Serbia.

President: What was the subject of the talks?

Defendant: What I said. The talks were Interrupted when Tri-
funovic realized he had been for other reasons than
for which he had come.

President: According to Trifunovic's report was there any talk
of Germae-Cetfiik collaboration in the fighting?

Defendant: I only what Trifunovic: reported. That he had

broken up the meeting.

President: Was It not a short after this that the opera-

tions against the Second Proletarian and Fifth division of the Army
of National Liberation began?

Defendant: There is no connection.

President: Don't you see that this was a joint operation against
the Second and Fifth divisions? Was there another meeting between
Trifunovid, 2ivko Topalovic and Rakovic on the one hand, and
Starker and Acimovic OH the other?

226

Defendant: I see from the indictment that there was another
meeting with Starker at Trbusani. I did not know anything about

that meeting.

President: Can you remember it?

Defendant: I don't remember it.

President: You spoke about that meeting at the examination . . .

Defendant: It was the Vranici meeting. I said that I didn't
know about the Vranici meeting, thinking that it was Vranic in the
neighbourhood of Belgrade. I know that he was not then in the
Belgrade area, nor on Avala.

President: You got mixed up about Vranic,

Defendant: Yes, I got confused about the village of Vranic.

President: It was clearly put on record that you said it referred
just to this meeting . . . (Reads from the Minutes) »The meeting
at Miokovci near Cacak, at which General Trifunovic, 2ivko Topa-
lovid, Aciraovic and the Germans were .present* „ . . And you said
you remembered the meeting at Trbusani, at Easter, and you added:
>I think that was the meeting held at Miokovci . . .« Where is
Miokovci?

Defendant: Near Cacak.

President: How far from Vranjici?

Defendant: I do not know. I only .know I heard of it during
the examination. I did not remember it> otherwise I would have
said so*

President: Is -it true that a meeting took place between Trifu-
novic, Acimovic, Topalovic and Starker, towards the end of April,
at Trbusani?

Defendant: I do not think so. Maybe, but I don't know any-
thing about it.

President: Perhaps it happened without your order?
Defendant: I cannot remember.

President: What do you know about the meeting between Tri-
funovid, Diraitrlje Ljotic and Ilija Mihailovid?

Defendant: Perhaps it took place, I had no idea of it until
I read it in the indictment, only I tenow that Ljotic was to be killed.

President: At this meeting?

Defendant: No* he was asked by Kondor to attend it under the

pretext of bringing him to me*

227

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Declaration of Uslasa soldiers that Celniks treated tbem well.

President: When you Interrogated you spoke of this

meeting held In May 1944 between Trifunovid, Ljotlc5 and Mlhailovic:?
Defendant: Maybe,

15*

228

THE CETNIKS REPORT DURING THE ATTACK ON DRVAR IN THE

SEVENTH OFFENSIVE: "WE ENTIRELY OCCUPIED THE GRAHOVO

AND LIVAN VALLEYS THROUGH WHICH THE GERMAN

MOTORISED COLUMNS ARE PASSING"

President: Did you know that during the Seventh German
Offensive the Cetnik units collaborated with the Germans in Bosnia
against the Army of National Liberation?

Defendant: I have seen that from the indictment. I only know
that Vranjesevic maintained only very weak contact. He did not want
to maintain the contact.

President: With whom? With the Germans?

Defendant: No, but radio connection, because he wanted to be
independent as far as possible. His radio-telegraphist told me that he
did not want his accumulator to be refilled.

President: Do you consider that the Seventh Offensive against
the Army of National Liberation was only a trifle, not worth remem-
bering? What moment, what especially significant moment, was the
Seventh Offensive connected with?

Defendant: I think the fall of Banja Luka was during the Se-
venth Offensive.

President: And what do you think about the descent on Drvar?

Defendant: I do not know about it

Prosecutor: You sent news to the commanders that Marshal
Tito was killed.

President: That was important for the descent on Drvar.

Defendant: I thought it was important for the descent by the
Allies,

Prosecutor: Well, yes, your Allies: Germans and Italians.

President: No, we are speaking of the Seventh Offensive. Do
you know anything about the participation of the Cetnik units in
the Seventh German Offensive?

Defendant: No. As far as Drvar is concerned I don't know that
they participated.

President: And do you know about the operations on Drvar?

Defendant: It was largely featured in the press and it inte-
rested me.

President: Who was keeping connections with Bacovic in spring
1944, April, May, June, July?

Defendant: In January 1944, Baoovic went to Italy with Bailey.

President: And who remained in the Staff instead of him?

Defendant: His Chief of Staff. For the, moment I cannot re-
member Ms name.

229

President: Salatic?

Defendant: Yes, Salatic.

President: And when did Bacovic return from abroad?

Defendant: He came back just at the time when the
mission, under Armstrong's command, went away. Bacovic and Voja
Lukacevic came in one of the planes that landed at the Pranj^ani
airport

President: Did you receive any definite information from Ba-
covic's staff in May during the Seventh enemy Offensive?

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Report of the Cefnik commander, Fetor Bacovic, which sfiows that In 1941 fie approved
of the agreement between Cetniks and Ustasas in Foca,

Defendant: Certainly. I think so. Information was sent . . .
President: In your staff telegram book it is registered as No.
6898 from "Nar-Nar" . . . Who was Nar-Nar?

Defendant: >Nar-Narc was, 1 think, Salatic

President: His telegram No. 914 of May 25, 1944 reads: "Offen-
sive against Titofs Republic is being; continued successfully. The Ger-
mans launched It suddenly. We had planned It according to informa-

230

tion we received. We crossed the Dinara Mountains before them and
marched Into the Republic. Our main forces are attacking from Gra-
hovo towards Cicevo, Stakor and Staretina. We have entirely occupied
the Grahovo and Livanj Valleys, through which the German auto-
columns are passing."

Defendant: I do not remember the report I suppose it was so.
They wanted to take advantage of the situation and to win the terrain-.

President: Now then, accused Mihailovic, how do you explain
that in the Seventh Offensive, when, with the object of annihilation,
from five, six or seven directions, a concentrated attack combined*
with an air attack was made on Drvar — seat of the headquarters of
the Army of National Liberation and of the foreign missions, i. e. Ame-
rican, English and Soviet — the Cetniks -took advantage of this offen-
sive to gain terrain. What do- you think of such -an act?

Defendant: This is a matter which is noffi clear to me. If they
participated with the Germans, it would be a very wrong act I think
that by the date of the telegram it may be seen that it happened!
later, perhaps when the operations were finished.

President: But this telegram is dated May 29. I shall read it
again to you. The attack on Drvar was made on May 25, and this
is the 29th.

Defendant: It is a matter of days. If I am to give a definite
answer, I must know the position of the enemy, the position of both
of them, I think 'that it had to do with the winning of terrain, and
that it happened after the German offensive.

President: No. The struggles were still going on just here at
Cicevo.

Defendant: I do not know the details of this struggle.

President: (Reads the beginning of the telegram again).

Defendant: I consider that it was a question of winning the
terrain and if so, there was no real fighting between the Cetniks and
the Partisans.

President: I asked you what you call such an act of common1
action with the Germans.

Defendant: I would condemn such an act and I would call it
a bad act

President: And would it be collaboration with the enemy?

Defendant: It would be collaboration.

Prosecutor: And treason to the country? (The accused does
not answer) You don't answer this question?

231

SECRET MEETING OF THE ACCUSED MIHAILOVIC WITH THE

QUISLING MILAN NEDIC AT WHICH THE SUPPLYING OF THE
CETNIK UNITS WAS ARRANGED

President: What were your connections with Nedlc through the
mediation of Milan Acimovic in the course of the summer of 1944?
1 do not mean actually your persona! connections, but the connections
of your organization with the organization of Milan Nedlc?

Defendant: The organization in Belgrade killed Masalovic,
Nedics secretary, who was our bitter enemy and committed great
evil, persecuting everybody he could. He threatened us by saying
everything he knew about us. At that time General Damjanovlc came
from a prisoners' camp and informed me of this through the Belgrade
organization. He also informed me at the same time that he been
offerred the post of Nedid's secretary. In my answer I to

accept this post; he did so, and from that time onwards I knew every-
thing that was being in Nedic's cabinet.

President: I the material connection between your orga-

nization and Medic's.

Defendant: I had no material connection with him. I "under-
mined" the State Guard and attracted their rank and file to my side.

President: Was your commander Predrag Rakovid in Belgrade
at that time, in the middle of summer 1944?

Defendant: Yes, he was.

President: Was he with Milan Adimovid?

Defendant: I don't know whom he visited In Belgrade, 1 do
not know such details.

President: Did he go to Nedic?

Defendant: I know he went to Damjano¥ic.

President: Did Damjaaovld send you arms and ammunition?

Defendant: He sent me everything he get

President: What Damnjanovid?

Defendant: Damnjanovic was Medic's secretary.

President: Had you a meeting with DamnjanoviC! or with
Nedlc?

Defendant: There was a meeting with NedI6 of which I must
give my own version.

President: This is later. Was there an understanding between
you, DamEJanovic and Nedic?

Defendant: There was a purely secret understanding between
myself and Damnja&ovid.

President: Was Nedlc Informed of this?

232

Defendant: I do not believe he was.

President: Through whom was this contact established? And
what part did Acimovic actually play?

Defendant; I was rather indefinite about this at my examination.
I was indefinite, because this meeting came upon me unexpectedly.
I did not want it at all. It took place one afternoon, when I decided^
to come to the meeting to see what they wanted. At that time f was
in the village of Skakavci, and the meeting took place in the evening.
I repeat I didn't want it I really don't know what induced me to go.

President: Why did you want to attend this meeting?

Defendant: I wanted to make it as easy as possible for Damnja-
novic. To satisfy that fool. I said, I want to appease this fool.

Counsef for the Defence (Joksimovic): What fool?

Defendant: Nedic.

President: Who attended this meeting?

Defendant: Luka Baletic* Mirko Lalatovic, and Kalabic, Racic,
Damnjanovic and Nedic, are also mentioned here.

President: Did Dragi Jovanovic attend it?

Defendant: I do not remember his being there. If he had been
there, I would have recognized him when I was confronted with him
during the examination.

President: What happened during the negotiations. What had to
be decided at this meeting between you and Nedic?

Defendant: Nothing or, shall I say, everything. I needn't have
ever said a word to Nedic. I had everything in my hands. I took
everything I wanted from various places. I had already taken one
billion and a hundred million dinars from the National Bank.

President: What, then, was your definite aim ,at this meeting?

Defendant: Nothing. My desire was, as I ;said before, to appease
the fool and to make the work of Damojanovic easier in every pos-
sible way, and to get everything I could.

President: And what were the results?

Defendant: None. Those who arranged the meeting blabbered
something. And this meeting was brought about by Racic, who exer-
cized pressure on me. Well, I don't know whether Racic was really
the man who exercized pressure on me, or whether it was somebody
else through Racic. I only know that I finally decided to go to the
meeting, but I considered that I had made a mistake.

President: Did you reach an agrement that he should not di-
sturb you nor you Mm?

Defendant: I told him not to hamper me. But we didn't trust
eacb other.

233

President: What precisely was his promise?

Defendant: He very often denounced the Intelligence Service
and persecution often ensued. One could see from the quisling- press
that the persecution was very great and that he hampered me In this
way. Perhaps, he wanted to hamper Damn jano vie in his work.

President: Did Nedic promise anything? Did he promise
any help?

Defendant: I did not need anything. He only said that he would
give me money so that I should not take any more from the National
Bank. But I had already finished with the National Bank.

President: Did he undertake to give to- your units the same that
the "Serbian State Guard" and "Serbian Frontier Guard" were
receiving1?

Defendant: It may have been so. I only careful not to give
him anything. My conversation with Mm had to be empty, because
I thought 1 should not say anything; definite to him.

President: And what did you decide that he should give you?

Defendant: Nothing1. He offered money for the salary of my
officers and 1 told Mm that my officers no salary. ^

President: And equipment and clothing?

Defendant: He gave what his guard was receiving.

President: What do you mean?

Defendant: Our method was to send people Into Ljotic's and
Nedic's detachments to enlist voluntarily.

President: Now, please, you said at the Inquiry that Nedic
stated your units should receive everything the Serbian State
Guards and the Serbian Frontier Guards were receiving, that he would
supply your organization?

Defendant: It all comes to the same. I agree with the record.
It Is a question of the way I expressed myself. When I thought it
over, when I saw the Indictment^ my health had improved . . .

President: Still, let us make It clear. Did Nedic undertake to
supply your organization?

Defendant: To supply It. 1 believe that everything he said at
his examination was Invented.

President: Accused Mihailovid, answer the questions directly.
You like to deviate from the matter In hand. Did Genera! Milan Xedic
at the meeting held in August 1944, undertake to supply your orga-
nization with clothing, footwear, arms and everything necessary?

Defendant: I caoeot remember the details.

President: Is this statement of yours, which you gave, correct?
(He reads that footwear, etc. were promised).

234

Facsimile of letter from Colonel Bailey, chief of the British Mission with ihe Cefniks,
in which lie communicates to Mihatlovic a message from Zervas, traitor "of ihe Greek

people.

235

Defendant* That Is right. That was because we later transferred
men to the Frontier Guard^ and later they came out of It.

President: Since no conclusions whatsoever were reached at
that meeting, since It consisted of a barren conversation, what dldj
you need this meeting for?

Defendant: It was quite unnecessary. I believe that It happened
because I was bored at being pressed to do so, otherwise, there
no reason. I had no reason, because ! knew everything that Nedic
was doing. Damnjanovic informed me of everything. He was there
and informed me and I knew everything.

President: Who was appointed^ at the meeting^ as the agent to
receive these promised supplies?

Defendant: Rakovic was in contact with Damnjanovid, and he
spoke to Damnjanovic as soon as he became Nedid's secretary,

President: Did Rakovic go to Belgrade and did he stay there?

Defendant: Yes, he did.

President: Was he tinder your command?

Defendant: Yes, he was.

President: From whom did Rakovid receive instructions after
Ms arrival in Belgrade?

Defendant: I do not know whether he used to come to me. Hie
had instructions for keeping contact with Damnjanovid*

President: Who gave him Instructions?

Defendant: 1 gave them to him.

President: Was this connected with Rakovid's stay in Belgrade?

Defendant: He was not to stay in Belgrade, but to find
into Belgrade,

President: How?

Defendant: Secretly.

President: Did Rakovic live in Belgrade secretly?

Defendant" How do you mean?

President: How was it that he went to Belgrade without
off his Cetnik Insignia?

Defendant: It is by no rare among the Serbs, that

everybody carries out his own policy.

President: Did Rakovic report on his results?

Defendant: Probably.

President: Was any material help received?

Defendant: We introduced our soldiers into Nedid's detach-
ments got help,

President: this help delivered? In what way?

236

Defendant: We Introduced our men into Nedic's units and so
we obtained arms. We sent our men into their units and then took
from them the arms they got in those units.

President: And did you get it in any other way?

Defendant: I do not know.

President: I ask you this. It is on record that you said to the
examining magistrate: "There was a lot of material but I cannot
say in what quantities"; and later you said "it was transported in
trucks."

Defendant: It might have .been in trucks. We transported 30
Carloads of wheat by train to Bosnia, from the Central Wheat Office.
This was sabotage.

Prosecutor: For Bosnia, you say?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Was it after the arrival of Todor Perovic to
Nedic in Belgrade?

Defendant: I did not work with Perovic, but with Tomo Mak-
simovic.

Prosecutor: All right We shall confront you with him.

President: Did Nedic, at the meeting of which we spoke,
about August 20, 1944, undertake to arrange to supply you through
the Germans with considerable quantities of arms and ammunition?

Defendant: No such thing. I neither wanted him nor asked
him to undertake any such obligations. I only wanted him not to
disturb me.

President: Can you remember? This is a very important point.

Defendant: I know it is important, but there is no need for
me to remember.

President: Shall I remind you of what you said at the inquiry?
The examining magistrate asked you: "Did Nedic tell you, or better,
undertake, that he would succeed in supplying you, through the
Germans, with considerable quantities of arms and ammunition?
Your answer was: "Yes".

Defendant: It happens that at certain moments when I feel
tired I say "yes".

President: Are you tired now?

Defendant: No.

President: If you are tired we can have an interval.

Defendant: No, I am not

Prosecutor: Was that statement forced from you?

Defendant: No, not a single one of my statements was forced
from me. I have said so already.

237

Prosecutor: Does the accused remember, if he was tired at
the moment referred?

Defendant: It is all the same to me. ! can say — yes — now. I
say* as I think, as I remember.

President: No. If you feel tired, we can have ae interval.

Defendant: I don't want to delay your work.

Prosecutor: Let us have an interval.

Counsel for the Defence (Donoiic): It has not been made
clear: Did Nedic offer, promise, or undertake to help?

Defendant: In my opinion, there is no need for me to answer
this question of the Counsel I ask the President kindly to allow me to
say just a few words. Nedic and I were bitter enemies. As a colonel
I was twice given 30 days jail. Personally, I considered him absolutely
senile.

President: Ten minutes interval

AFTER THE MEETING WITH GERMAN

DELIVERED TO MIHAILOVIC

President: Let us continue about your meeting with Milan Nedic
in August 1944. Did Nedic promise you or undertake that he would
succeed in supplying you, through the Germans, with greater quan-
tities of arms?

Defendant: No.

President: 1 remind you that you answered "yes" to this ques-
tion at the investigation. Explain this contradiction to the Court.

Defendant: I did not ask to be supplied by the Germans.

President: And did he promise you?

Defendant: I did not ask.

President: Did he promise you? The Court you whether
Nedid promised or undertook this.

Defendant- 1 said I did not want anything from them . . .

President: Were you willing to receive supplies from the Ser-
bian State Guards?

Defendant: Always. That is why 1 took from them all the time.

President: Who supplied the Serbian State Guards with foot-
wear and clothing?

Defendant: The Germans everything.

President: Well, then, what is the difference?

Defendant: There is a difference. Because 1 took the arms
from those whom we organized.

238

President: Is It true that the Serbian State Guards and the
Serbian Frontier Guards were at that time supplied by the Germans
with food, clothing, footwear, arms and ammunition?

Defendant: Yes.

President: Were the arms of German origin?

Defendant: There were Yugoslav, Dutch and other arms.

President: Did they come from the hands of the Germans?

Defendant: Yes, they did.

President: How does it appear to you?

Defendant: It appears to me as a trick, in war trickery is allo-
wed, and everything is allowed.

President: Well, you said, as you expressed it, that you "under-
mined" the Guards, and that you could take anything.

Defendant: Yes, we could.

President: Then, why was contact with Nedic necessary at all?

Defendant: It was absolutely unnecessary.

President: What do you think about this act?

Defendant: It wras a very bad act, which could only- do me
harm.

President: Was the financial help which Nedic was to give
you, discussed at the meeting between Nedic and yourself?

Defendant: He said that we should not attack the National
Bank any more. He offered to pay my officers.

President: Did he offer or promise?

Defendant: He offered, and I laughed. We had taken a billion
and a hundred million dinars earlier.

President: Did he -offer a monthly contribution of one hundred
million?

Defendant: I didn't take seriously what he said. I did not need
money, I only answered that I didn't pay salaries to my officers.

President: And why did you ask money from the emigrant
government in the course of 1942, 1943?

Defendant: I asked for it, for other things, not for salaries.
With me no officers received salaries. There were the families of the
officers and soldiers, whom we suplied and helped with money.

President: After the conversation, did you receive a certain
quantity of arms from the Germans through Nedic?

Defendant: I received everything I was getting from Belgrade
through Rakovic, who really worked by my order with Damnjanovic.

President: Was it from the German stores?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: How many rifles did you receive?

239

Defendant: I do not know.

President: Large quantities? Approximately.

Defendant: I do not know.

President: Was it 2, 20, 30?

Defendant: No, 1 do not know exactly.

President: You received some.

Defendant: Some were received.

President: You see, you received 10.000 rifles.

Defendant: Perhaps, I do not know the number.

President: Do you think it possible?

Defendant: No, I do not know the figures.

President: Perhaps, 7, 11 or 15.000?

Defendant: Maybe 10.000.

President: How did you arrange to get 10.000 rifles from

Belgrade?

Defendant: They may have carried from Belgrade in trucks
which were for the transport of to the Serbian State

Guards.

President: How many troops had the Serbian State Guards?

Defendant: I think altogether.

President: This means that you shared the rifles equally.

Defendant: No, they probably the excuse that Danraja-

novic had to add 10.000 to the ranks of the guards.

President: How did Rakovic the from Belgrade, and

by what of transport?

Defendant: He could have so by supplying the Guards,

he could have sent by any of transport.

DRA2A MIHAILOVIC THAT THE AND

AMMUNITION HE WOULD

NOT BE AGAINST THE GERMANS.

President: (Reads the statement of Milan Nedid, given at his
examination, the meeting with the accused Draza Mihailovic,

concerning the supplying of the Cetniks with arms, ammunition, food,
etc.) I most show you what Milan Neciic says meeting:1

>Draza asked me to explain the general situation to him, and the
trend of future events,, and I ihe Germans were

and that they would to withdraw from our country, and I told

hin£ about the danger from the who were penetrating

from all sides, and that it was therefore necessary to form a Serbian

240

Front of my units and the Cetniks, in order that, thus united, we
might quickly and efficiently save Serbdorn and Serbia from the com-
munist attack. Draza listened to me and accepted my explanation.
He, for his part, said that he had good contact with London and

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Mihallovic expresses his joy af Ihe engagement of the former King Peter with a

Greek princess.

the English, and that he was receiving first-hand reports on the situ-
ation. Further, he said that the English would land on the Adriatic
Coast, that he would establish contact with them, and that they would
come into our country in order to keep peace and order. To the
question of the examining magistrate as to what Draza Mihailovic had

241

asked of him and what agreement was concluded, he replied: '"arms,
ammunition, money, clothing, footwear and food". We agreed to ar-
range for arms and ammunition through the Germans, since Rakovid
was also going to work on this, and Draza said that Rakovic was wor-
king in Belgrade and that he would inform him if the Germans would
give amis and ammunition. I do not remember now, how large the
quantities of ammunition were. I know that there were large quantities
of rifles, rifle and machine rounds, machine guns, mortars and

grenades, Draza gave me a list. Regarding money, it was decided
that my government should pay the non commissioned officers and
officers of Draza Mihailovic salaries amounting to a hundred million
dinars monthly. Further, we agreed that all the armed formations
of the government (Medic's government: "The Government of Nati-
onal Salvation") should place themselves under the of
Draza Mihailovic, for the of coordination in the straggle against
the communists. Draza Mihailovic, for his part, undertook not to use
the arms and ammunition, lie was to receive, against the Germans^.
To the question of the examining magistrate: » Which of the
agreement concluded between you Mihailovic were carried out
and to what extent?^ — he answered: »Ihe agreement was only
partially carried out. A hundred million dinars, footwear, clothing for
10.000 soldiers, and certain quantities of from the stores of
the Serbian State Guards were over. Regarding the and
ammunition, ! to Neubacher and him the list I received
from Draza. Neubacher that it was excessive.
Bosko Pavlovic, who worked In the presidium of the government,
went with Rakovic and the arms and ammunition. What
titles of arms and the Germans gave, 1 do not know.
I only know that Rakovic was not satisfied with the quantities
received. 1 that the Germans gave only What
do you say to this statement, given by Nedic at his investigation,
accused Mihailovic?

Impossible.

CAPTAIN RAKOVIC, OF THE ACCUSED MIHAILOVIC,

WITH MILAN

President: Well, 1 shall show you also the of Ora-

gomir-Dragi Jovanovlc, who the Court an entirely independent,

entirely on the matter. Regarding this

he the

did the between Nedid and Mihailovic

develop? ' Draza to Medic and said to him: >If you please?*

242

At this Nedic spoke shortly as follows: »Very serious times have come.
The communists are again beginning to exert pressure on all sides.
The Germans have no forces to resist them. Our national forces
are regularly giving unsatisfactory results. I have come to propose
that we unite efficiently and save' Serbdom and Serbia) from the
Red Scourge«. Draza Mihailovic gave a short answer to this: »I com-
pletely agree with you, the most Important factor, however, is absent
This is arms, arms, ammunition, ammunition. This is most Important
for us now. I have man-power, but I lack what I have just mentioned
and clothing as well. What can you offer me? I, for ;my part, can say,
that 50.000 rifles would not be enough, considering the number of
men I have.* One of the officers present added: »Even more.« Then
Nedic again began to speak and said: »I came here because I am
willing, that Is, my government and I are willing to help you«.

To the question of the examining magistrate as to what under-
standing on this was concluded between Nedic and Draza Mihailovic,
Jovanovid replied: ^Nothing was written, nor any agreement formally
composed, but Medic formulated an agreement on five points, which
Draza Mihailovic accepted. The following were the points of the
agreement:

1) The government places Immediately at the disposal of Gene-
ral Draza Mihailovic, for the salaries of the officers, -non commis-
sioned and others, 10,000.000 dinars, on condition that the plundering
of State Post Offices and other institutions is discontinued.

2) General Nedic, for his government, undertakes to arrange
with the Germans to supply immediately 30.000 rifles, 3,000.000 rifle
and machine gun rounds, 500 machine guns and 500 mortars.

3) General Mihailovic guarantees to Nedic and Nedlc guarantees
to the Germans that these arms will in no case be used against the
Germans.

4) He, Nedic, and his government, are willing, if the invader
will allow it, to place all the armed formations of the government
under the command of Draza Mihailovic, for the sake of coordinating
the action against the communists.

5) The government is willing to place immediately at his dis-
posal an Indefinite quantity of uniforms and footwear as far as they
can be provided."

"Within what period was this agreement to be put into effect"?
— this question was asked by the examining magistrate. Dragomir
Jovanovil answered as follows: >As far as money is concerned, a
hundred million dinars for August should be paid out at once, and oa
the fiist of every following -month, a hundred million dinars, Goocer-

243

nlng arms, at the request of all those present, September 10 was fixed as
the final date, on condition that gradual supplyng should begin at onces
and that the Germans should be Informed that in case they did not
deliver the arms by September 10 to the organization of Draza
Mihailovic, he would leave it to his commanders to provide them-
selves with arms as best as they could. Xedic answered that lie agreed
to this and that it would be well for their coordination and contact
that one delegate of Draza Mihailovic should be appointed, that he
should be all the time in Belgrade, receive ammunition, money and
the rest, and maintain contact with the government. Draza Mihailovic
declared that he agreed, and said that the delegate would come on the
following day. Captain Rakovic was appointed as delegate. Nedic
stated that after this all the requests of individual commanders were
to cease and that only requests corning throusjh the appointed dele-
gate were to be fulfilled, and the distribution of supplies left to
Genera! Mihailovic.*

"Was this between Draza Mihailovic Xedic carried

out?" Dragomir Jovanovic this question from the examin-

ing magistrate as follows: ,,I do not know. I know that a 100,000,000
dinars was out for August September. I know that

SjOOO rifles and a small quantity of machine guns were received from
the Germans, and over to Rakovic; but ammuni-

tion, I do not know, or whether there were any mortars. Colonel Bosko
Pavlovid, Acting Secretary of State, was with receiving

from the Germans and over to the of Draza

Mihailovi£, Rakovic. 1 know 20.000 uniforms were

for dinars, and that Rakovic."

To the as to whether the Germans in

advance the at he and Xedic were in

August 1944, Jovanovic the Germans were informed

immediately, but he Informed later.

Prosecutor: Will you President, the two

after that, they form a with thte

preceding one.

(Continues): "To the of the magis-

trate as to whether the Germans knew the meeting of Draza

Mihailovic and Xedic, and the — Jovanovid

answered:'1 The did not Nedi£'s departure

to the Mihailovic. Later, after Nedid

returned from the meeting, the Germans were informed by Nedic
both the and the itself. 1 know this, because

a few days later* 1 was with Xeubacher and he asked me about

16*

244

the meeting, I wanted to keep it secret, but he said: »A11 right, ytoti
need not tell me. I heard the details from Nedic." The examining magis-
trate asked: »Was this meeting and the agreement made with the
Germans, to be hidden from the people, and did Draza Mihailovic and
Nedic speak about it?" ,,Mihailovid particularly emphasized it and
drew attention to it", answered Jovanovic. "He insisted, particularly
that the meeting and the conversation should remain absolutely
secret.'*'

Prosecutor: Would you be so kind as to read the passage about
the arrival of Captain Rakovic.

President (Reads) »Some time after this meeting, Captain Rako-
vic, as delegate of Draza Mihailovic, arrived in Belgrade. He was
accompaned by an officer in civilian clothes, and another armed Cet-
nik; he himself was in peasant clothes, with a beard, with all the
badges and arms. I saw him attired in this way a few days later in
the Parliament bulding, with General Damnjanovic, and I was intro-
duced to him then." Accused Mihailovic, did you hear that?

Defendant: Yes, I did. Nedic attributed too much importance
to these conversations and to his explaining to me the general situa-
tion, and that the Germans would be defeated.

President: Here, actually the agreement is being discussed.

Defendant: I believe that "the only possibility is that Nikola
Kalabic, Racic and Rakovic arranged all these points, that it is possible
that such a thing existed, but I believe they acted without my
knowledge.

President: The fact is that such a meeting took place. Do* you
admit the possibility that Kalabic, Racic and Rakovic arranged it?

Defendant: I do. Racic said that meeting must be held.

President: How is it possible that Nedic's and Jovanovic's sta-
tements agree so fully?

Defendant: He could not remember such details. Judging by
his mentality, he could not remember them.

President: Did you insist upon the meeting being secret?

Defendant: Of course I did. I said: I am going to appease
that fool. I

Prosecutor: The Defendant says now that he insisted upon the
meeting: being held, and some time before he said he did not attend it.

President: Accused Mihailovic, how long did you live in Bel-
grade before the war?

defendant: I "was brought up in Belgrade.

^resident; Had you ever heard about Dragi Jovanovic?

245

Defendant: Yes, I had heard of him.

President: Did you see him before the war?

Defendant: No, never. I knew him only from the Quisling
papers.

President: Did you recognize him when he came to the meeting?

Defendant: No.

Prosecutor: The Court is in the possession of the records of
the exaraininatlon of BoSko Pavlovic who, in accordance with this
agreement, delivered ammunition to the accused.

Defendant: No, not to me,

Prosecutor: To your delegate.

President: Did your delegate receive the rifles according to the
agreement? Were you Informed about It?

Defendant: I don't know about the agreement, 1 know what
Damjanovic was to deliver to me through his skill work.

President: And what were the functions of Damnjanovic?

Defendant: To follow every step of Nedlc, to hinder him and
to keep us Informed of his activities.

President: What were his functions?

Defendant: He was Ms secretary, but really he was my

President: Do you think that a secretary can carry out such
Important matters without the knowledge of Ms superiors?

Defendant: If he could carry out the mobilization and strength-
en Nedic's guards, i. e., oar there, so that we got as
much as possible, then he could.

THE FORMATION OF THE OF

— RESULT OF THE AGAINST

THE AND

President: What was the Fourth group of Shock Corps, which
Is spoken In 29 of the indictment?

After the Second and Fith divisions left Serbia, 1
held a meeting of my commanders; I do not know exactly where, I
think in a village somewhere between Pozega and Cacak. Then I saw
from the proposals of certain commanders, that I should reorganize
the command, to to put it IE order, i. e., form the flying brigades
which at first had quite a different function, of which we shall
later, and from flying brigades to form the corps. The

first group of corps consisted of the Cer, Ravna Gora, and Zlatibor
corps, but I not about that because It is mentioned exactly

here. 1 think there were four corps, and three are mentioned here.

246

of ° tel^ram from Mihailovic, written in his own hand, in which he informs
Number 222 (the Advance Section of the Supreme Command) that the »Tetktci« (the
Kalians) should decide on January 2 about the disposition of the Cefnik forces

247

H^-
- !/

AIL. i^^^^^|t>4-^ o^^x^x^j f/^-/ ^a/e.1

' f i it i* I X /

tfi^-V*^, ^i44j8us> JX'fy*.

aj^^i

Enci of telegram from the preceding poge.

President: Was it the guards?

Those were two corps. This is a different

matter, I that I not do with a ter-

ritorial army, and 1 a army.

President; You had flying

Two corps can two flying brigades, L e., one

corps.

What did the fourth of comprise?

The corps of the guard: the flying

were formed Into flying corps. The Cer — Maftva, Majevica group,
with their flying brigades, to the First, Second, Third and

Fourth corps, which were not any The

the group of corps received

President: I asked you: Which corps entered Into the fourth
group of the shock corps?

The guard, the First and Second Ravna Gorar Zla-
tibor and Javor corps.

President: Which commanders corps?

Defendant: The commander -of the whole group was Rafic and
the Chief of Staff, Nesko Nedlc; it was really a whole army, but 1

248

did not want to use this name. The guard was led by Kalabic. Rakovic!
led one shock corps, and Keserovic another.

President: And who was the commander of the group?

Defendant: Racic.

President: And Zvonko Vuckovic?

Defendant: In 1944 he was not here.

President: When was the Fourth Group of the Shock Corps
formed?

Defendant: After the Second and Fifth Partisan division left
Serbia.

President: Where? At what place?

Defendant: It first went towards the Zlatibor region.

President: Where was the meeting of the commanders held, at
which this group was formed?

Defendant: In a village in the area of Pozega to the northeast.

President: At Dobrnja?

Defendant: At Srednja Dobrnja.

President: Did the formation of the Fourth Group of the Corps
come as the result of the experience gained in the struggle against
the Second and Fifth Proletarian shock divisions of the Army of Nati-
onal Liberation?

Defendant: I think it did. I felt earlier that I could not have
100.000 armed men In the whole country, whom I could not move-,
who were not mobile enough, but were, on the whole, stationary. In
order to avoid this, I was of the opinion that I should take younger
and unmarried men and form from them on all territories flying
brigades, which would be constantly under arms, and in thinking about
It, I later came to the conclusion that, since I had these brigades, I could
now form a shock corps, and since 5 could form a shock corps, I could
also form a group of shock corps, and this meant forming an army.
I purposely did not want to give it this name.

President: Did it come about as the result of your experience
In the stragghe against the Second and Fifth Proletarian divisons?

Defendant: Certainly, and besides, I had to prepare for future
events.

President: What was the task of the group of shock corps, put
shortly and definitely?

Defendant: The group of the shock corps was to fight, but be-
fore this it had to carry out another task, It had to bring the com-
manders to heel, and discharge those who were detrimental and
whom 1 could not dismiss earlier.

249^

President: Did the fourth group of shock corps begin to carry
out its tasks?

Defendant: It could not. At that time the Partisans were attack-
ing Toplica. Keserovic was driven Into an angle between the West
Morava and the Ibar. After this the group of shock corps was ordered
to go to help Keserovic ! considered that Raclc, as the leader,
Nesko Neslc, as an officer who had finished High School, would be
able to fight, and I sent them there and placed Keserovic under their
command. This hurt him greatly.

PRESIDENT: "IS THIS TREASON AGAINST THE PEOPLE?"
— DEFENDANT MIHAILOVIC: >IT IS FOR ME TO

SAY SO ... YES ... €

President: What was their task?

Defendant: Their task was to help Keserovic and win back the
terrain which Keserovic had lost.

President: Who gave them this task?

Defendant: I it to them.

President: To purge the terrain?

Defendant: Yes.

President: Which areas?

Defendant: To purge the terrain. It was the the

Ibar, all of Kopaonlk, and Toplica.

President: And Jablanica?

Defendant: Jablanica came in question later.

President: was to be purged, the purging

of the first area was completed?

The situation was developing in this direction.

President: Did you issue the order for the actions of the Fourth
group of shock corps?

Defendant: I was Informed of them. But they in their

operations quite freely. The of this group, Racic, had

complete freedom of action. I him directions, so to speak, from

time to time, bet they often did not follow them.

President: The chief directions for the action?

Defendant: No. They acted on their owe. I gave the order that
they should meet with the forces of fhiric, coming from the south,
when they occupied Toplica.

President: Do you remember at what In 1944 this opera-

tion took place?

Defendant: I cannot remember It exactly.

250

President: Perhaps April, May, June, July — spring, summer?

Defendant: I cannot remember the time.

President: Was it in summer?

Defendant: Yes, it was in summer. Here it says that it was
in July. I think that is right.

President: Were you informed about the intended direction
of the advance, and the action by Racic, i. e., the Fourth Group of
Corps, during the development of the operations?

Defendant: Probably. I cannot say anything now.

President: You spoke of it a minute ago.

Defendant: I said I was informed of the course of events, and
the results.

President: And that you helped them in giving directions.

Defendant: I helped them, i helped them concerning coor-
dination with the other corps, for instance the South Morava group,
and I told them to go in this direction and the others to go in that,
although they kept in direct contact with each other.

President: Did Keserovic and his forces take part in these
actions?

Defendant: Yes.

President: With what forces?

Defendant: I do not know the exact number, but he had two
corps, the Rasina and the Kopaonik.

President: Apart from the Cetnik forces, did Keserovic's forces
operate with any other forces in the struggle against the Partisans
in this operation?

Defendant: I think that in certain directions there were Ger-
man troops, but very few; and that later, when Racic returned from
the terrain, Ljotic's forces and others arrived on the terrain, Racic
left the terrain and went back.

Prosecutor: How did it happen then that the Germans mixed
with the Cetnik forces?

Defendant: I know that precisely. When Ljotic's men arrived,
Racic left the terrain and went to Zupa. At this moment the Parti-
san forces crossed the Kosovo. I knew it, and I was already informed
by our radio station in the Raska area. I ordered him to go- imme-
. dlately and keep Kopaonik in his hands. He remained at 2upa
however, and did not carry out my order. He lost a day, and then
he suffered very serions losses in the battles, on a foggy day. I am
speaking of the Fourth Group of Shock Corps. After this, without
any reason, he directed the military situation himself and did not
obey me. He went away, but he was in touch with the others, although

251

I never allowed the commanders to keep In touch with each other.
He received direct Information about the penetration of the Parti-
sans from the area of Zlatibor and elsewhere, left his terrain, and
without my approval, led the whole group. And I considered that he
ought to have kept Kopaonik.

President: At that time did some of the Germans go with
Racic's group?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: Was there a German liaison officer in Raiid's head*
quarters then?

Defendant: I didn't know about it.

President: Did you know that at the time of the of the

Cetnlk units of Keserovic and Racic against Toplica Jablanica,
the German — Ljotic — Bulgarian punitive expedition really started?
No, I had no knowledge of it Keserovic and
Racic advanced towards Toplica and, without completing the ope-
ration and although they put the Partisans in a very difficult
position, they left the terrain before they completely fin-

ished the operation and brought the breakdown of all

the Partisan units. Raeic returned took a rest at 2upa. 1 ordered
Mm to go to Kopaonik. He was a day Sate. So he suffered losses*
After this, he left the whole and without my went

in a different direction. All this had no sense.

President: Who Trstealk?

Defendant" Trstenik was without a garrison. It is a

town, I do not know at Trstenik then. Otherwise the whole

line of the Valley of the West Morava was by me.

President- You see9 Racic an order* 25,

1944.

Defendant: His order?

President; Yes. 1 your reply of

is In contradiction with an order. Let me It to you,, and

you will remember better, especially you were well Informed.

It Is said in it: "The Staff of the Fourth Group of the Storm Corps
O. No IS, August 25S 1944, Velika Drenova." Is that Krusevac?

Defendant: I don't know.

President; The order on: >To the of the First

Storm Corps . . .« The is and thtn: »Our

and the troops of Lieutenant Colonel KeseroYlc, with the support

of one German battalion, will attack in the early morning on the

the Fifth division, with the object of beatieg and routing it . . "

252

Did Racic only partially repel the Partisans and then return to Zupa
for a rest?

Defendant: He was not at Zupa.

President: And how do you explain the participation of this
German battalion?

Defendant: We are speaking of Kopaonik in June 1944, and
this was August. The operation lasted a month and a half. He first
went southeast, returned to Zupa, and received an order to go to
Kopaonik. He stayed behind and was beaten. Perhaps it took place
when he was forced back to Zupa.

President: But you see, from that moment he went again with
the German battalion.

Defendant: I do not know whether he went.

President: Here is the order.

Defendant: He did not want to go. I didn't know that he went
to 2upa again.

President: And what do you think of the participation of the
German battalion with Racic and Petrovic.

Defendant: This iis the first time I have heard of It.

President: Was this treason?

Defendant: Certainly. Racic took it into his head that he should
become the commander of Serbia. He was a brave fighter, but unable
to lead units. He afterwards inclined that way and I know that he
left Toplica and went to another region.

President: Was your commander of Serbia, General Trifunovic,
informed about these operations, and did he contribute anything to
them by collaborating with the invader, or coordinating his activity in
the direction in which the invaders were advancing?

Defendant: General Trifunovic was sent to east Serbia. I had
another idea. I thought of forming another storm group, when the
Partisans were taking Toplica and Kopaonik from Keserovic. I wanted
to transfer from the north the Timok, Krajina and Homolje men, and'
to form another group from them. But both the leadership and the
quality of the men were poor. They were originally to be sent to Top-
lica, and not the Fourth Storm Group. But when I realised their inef-
ficiency, I ordered the Fourth Storm Group to go to Toplica. General
Trifunovic had the task of uniting these forces. They were going very
badly. Miletic was the commander of this group, Ocokoljic the Chief of
Staff, Ljuba Jovanovic the commander of the corps. Miletic and Oco-
koljic did not get together, and this idea could not be carried out at
all,. He went to unite the Varvarin and Deligrad forces, and generally
to work in east Serbia.

253

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Report of Jevda (Dabrosav Jevifevlc) In which he fells MJbailovic ihaf be was informed

by the Italian Supreme Command of a general allack against the Partisans (the
Fourth Offensive). At the end is M;hai!ovic"s note: »Mirko (Lalatovjc) has answered

Jevtfaic*

President: Was Genera! Trlfunovlc the commander of Serbia?

Defendant; Yes.

President: He directed the operations. He ordered the
movements, lie the work with the Germans,

you. >First to Victor*:. Who Is Victor?

These were false names. 1 think was the Ni-

Sava group.

President: (Continues . . „ >! ordered Victor to

the for the action on Jastrebac and Morava, unless he had

already so.1 With the other forces he to the passage

across the Morava from Nis to Leskovac and, likewise, to find a way
of collecting arms and ammunition, because we had to the commu-
nists and we utilize the German action. I ordered to
launch such attacks against the communists as would best work in

254

with the actions of the Germans. I ordered Orel (Keserovic) to uti-
lize the action -of the Germans to come to Jablanica and Toplica, and
to place at his disposal the Knjazevac and Deligrad corps, as well
as to find a way of getting ammunition ... I ordered Minoo to help
Orel in the action on Jastrebac, etc.«

Defendant: I only gave general orders.

President: Well, accused Mihailovic, Racic, Keserovic, General
Trifunovic, commander of Serbia, Minco and the other commanders,
you see . . .

Defendant: As far as this goes, they received instructions from
me only for the principal work, and nothing else.

President: What principal work?

Defendant: For the principal work. Only where the operations
were to be carried out, and nothing else. It was like this: my
telegrams always gave general instructions.

President: Was the work done by Trifunovic, Keserovic, Racic
In the Spring 1944, and by Nesko Nedic, Zvomimir Vuckovic, Lala-
tovic; Ostojic — • was such work treason against the people?

Defendant: It was bad work.

President: Was it treason?

Defendant: This is hard for me to say.

President: Is it true?

Defendant: Yes, it is.

Prosecutor: Although I have not asked anything else to be put
on record, I ask this to be put down.

President: It has been put on record, because the stenographers

of the Court put down every word. It is on record.

THE POLICE HIRELING, QUISLING AND WAR CRIMINAL MILAN

ACIMOVIC, ORGANIZES THE MEETING OF THE GERMANS WITH

THE ACCUSED DRA2A MIHAILOVIC

President: In the beginning of September 1944, in the vicinity
of the village of Pranjani, did you meet Neubacher's delegate, Starker?

Defendant: Yes, I did.

President: Who arranged the meeting?

Defendant: Milan Acimovic

President: Which Milan Acimovic?

Defendant: From the commissar government

President: Had Milan Acimovic any functions in the Draza
MihailovM organization?

Defendant: No, he had not

255

President: Was he perhaps on the Civilian Staff -of General
Trifunovic?

Defendant: Later, when he went to Bosnia in 1945,

President: And who put him on the Civilian Staff?

Defendant: General Trifunovid.

President: Was this in recognition of his previous work?

Defendant: No; it was something else,

Prosecutor: What else?

The Defendant to answer, but stopped

President: I think we shall discuss that at a later period. You
can make a note of it. (Addressing the Who attended

your meeting with Starker in 1944?

Defendant: In the beginning of September Milan Acimovic
came from Belgrade. He sent word to me9 and said Xeubacher wanted
to have a meeting with the American representative.

President: Which representative?

Defendant: With the representative of America.

President: What was his name?

Defendant: Colonel McDowell.

President: All right.

Defendant: 1 told him I would ask the Colonel, and I brought
Acimovic to Colonel McDowell. He told McDowell that Neubacher
wanted to have a meeting. Colonel McDowell me Neubacher
might come, that he to the meeting. He to Acimovic:

It is all right. A short after he given his for

Neubacher to come* Starker, by Acimovic, to the

meeting. We were at — McDowell,

myself and Starker.

President: What was the subject of your talks?

Defendant: The subject of the was, — 1 It In my

deposition ... I ask to me ...

President: We are here, near the end*

Defendant: Please, rue,

Prosecutor: Are you tired?

Defendant: I like to this.

Prosecutor: If you are tired, Just say so.

Defendant: 1 know it was. His tendency . . . Starker first

offered excuses for Neubacher, saying lie had to leave urgently
and that he could not to the His was that

Germany wanted to with the Allies. Our meeting

lasted three quarters of an hour. It was not long.

President: Did you have a meeting with Neubacher personally
.at Rosci village In August 1944?

256

Defendant: I could not receive him without McDowell who
was with me. Col. McDowell wanted Neubacher to come, and I could
not suggest any reason for opposing this meeting.

President: Explain this: Your just said: first Acimovic came
to you to arrange a meeting between yourself, McDowell and Neu-
bacher.,

Defendant: Yes, he brought an offer from Neubacher to the
American representative.

President: . . . Now, a few days later, the meeting took place,
and instead of Neubacher, Starker came and offered excuses that . . .

Defendant: That Neubacher had left for Greece.

Prosecutor: And who took the letter to Col. McDowell?

Defendant: There was no written offer.

Prosecutor: What did Acimovic take along with him?

Defendant: He todk an oral approval that he could come . . .

President: Well, here you have to explain something. You
say: This meeting was held . . . Did it happen unexpectedly?

Defendant: How do you mean unexpectedly?

President: You said that -it was arranged, unless I am wrong
(he reads to himself) It is not clear here either. You have given
the -same statement here as the one you gave at the investigation.

Defendant: I was not asked about Neubacher.

President: You were asked, and you gave a categorical answer.

Defendant: Yes, because really, if Neubacher had come, he
would have been received.

President: To the question of the examining magistrate: »Do
you remember the meeting held above the Caganj School, in April?«
You answered categorically: »It is an absurd invention, I never was
there«. At the investigation, weren't you influenced by the feeling
"that even if this meeting was held, it was bad, because Neubacher
was mentioned . . .?

Defendant: No, I think at the inquiry I gave the explanation
that Neubacher would have been received had he come.

President: You said, he would have been received by McDowell.

Defendant: Well, the same is said here.

President: Did this meeting take place?

Defendant: It is out of the question.

President: Accused Mihailovic, can you remember? ...

Defendant: I was shown the material concerning this. A cer-
tain meadow is mentioned ...

President: Do you know where Rosci is?

Defendant^! know, I was there.

257

President: Do you know where the school is?

Defendant: No, I was never in the Caganj School.

President: Well, then, did you see the meadow above the
school?

Defendant: 1 know exactly. I was at Rosci for a certain time.
It -is by the stream that flows towards Cacak.

President: Do you know a certain Vladimir Jovanovic?

Defendant: I cannot remember. Perhaps I do.

President: He worked as a police clerk.

Defendant: If I get more details, perhaps I may remember,

President: He was in the vicinity of your headquarters.

Defendant: I am not sure.

President: Regarding your meeting with Neubacher, we must
show you the deposition of the witness Vladimir Jovanovic, who is
now alive. He will be examined at the trial.

Defendant: I would like him to explain the meeting.

President: (Reads the deposition of Vladimir Jovanovic) »What
do you know about the meeting held above the Caganj School, and who
attended it?« — »This meeting«, answered the witness, »took place
somewhere in August 1944. I cannot say precisely when. Just before
the meeting I received a letter from the commander Rakovic, ordering
me to go immediately to the cross-roads at Trbusani, near Museva
Cafe, to meet the car in which Acimovic would come from Belgrade.
After they came, I was to take them in the twilight on the Prijevorski
road and bring them to the Caganj School, where they would wait
I 'acted according to the letter, I waited at the cro<ss-roads, where
two automobiles arrived before sunset. In the first car was Acimovic,
with a man whofti I did not know; but I learnt later that it was
Neubacher. In the other car was Starker, whom I knew, and with him
another man, unknown to me. They were all, even the driver, in
plain clothes. I informed Acimovic about everything Rakovic told
me. I sat in the first car, next to the driver, and took them to the
Caganj School. Here we were stopped by one of Rakovic's soldiers.
We got out of our cars and cnossed the street with this soldier, and
there Ra-kovic came to us and took us further. We went on for a
kilometre, came to a meadow and stopped there. In that meadow
we -met Draza Mihailovic and Col. Baletic. We exchanged greetings,
and all shook hands. I was a few metres away. The others, Draza,
Baletic, Acimovic, Neubacher, Starker and Rakovic, began to talk.
Immediately after this, we were told to withdraw, and s>o we did,
Rakovic Starker and myself, while Draza, Baletic, Neubacher and
Acimovic were left speaking. After a short time, I saw there men cross-

258

Ing the meadow and approaching the group where Draza was. It
was moonlight. One of the three stayed behind and the other two
hurriedly joined the group of Draza and Neubacher. These two were
the Americans, Col. McDowell, and his companion Captain Lalic, an
American too. Immediately after this, after the two joined the group,
one of them separated from it and joined us. This was Captain Lalic,
the others went on speaking with Draza, Neubacher and the others.
Captain Lalic began a conversation with Rakovic and Starker.

I heard in the car, from Rakovic, that McDowell was
the man who came to this meeting and remained with them. They
talked for a little over an hour. Then they -separated, in the following
way, one group — Draza, Baletic, McDowell and Lalic went toge-
ther, and the other group, we others, were joined by Rakovlic.

The next day I asked Rakovic what it was all about and
Rakovic said to me in the house toif Milojko Vucicevic at Prijevor,
that it had turned out well and that it was a good thing that Mc-
Dowell had spoken to Neubacher and asked that the Germans
should evacuate the territory and arm us. Neubacher answered, howe-
ver, that he could not do it on his own, but that he had to report
to Hitler, and would let us know later . . .«

Defendant: Although this would be in my favour, it is not true.

President: All right. Are you tired?

Defendant: We might have an interval.

DURING THE WITHDRAWAL OF THE GERMANS FROM SERBIA,

MIHAILOVIC FLEES WITH THEM BEFORE THE FORCES OF THE

ARMY OF NATIONAL LIBERATION

President: (After the interval) The trial is re-opened. Ten minu-
tes allowed for photographing.

Accused Mihailovic, where did the main Cetnik forces withdraw
to, during the arrival of the forces of the Army idf National Liberat-
ion in Serbia (in September 1944?

Defendant: I can reconstruct the situaiton of the Fourth Group
of the Storm Corps from memory. I was in the area around Pranjani. In
one direction, the Partisan forces were moving towards Jelova Gora.
Against this advance stood Racic, with the Fourth Group of the Storm
Corps. I was not expecting such a bad situation, when I suddenly got a
message from him asking me to take Ravna Gora at once because it
was necessary to retreat on the Bukovik Line, which was connected
with Ravna Gora. Before this, he had been badly beaten on Jelova
Gora, because he led the operations of the Fourth Corps badly. He

259

found himself in a narrow space where he suffered great losses from
mortar fire. In the meantime, in east Serbia, and in the area
round Deligrad, the armed units were retreating, and jdid not
offer enough resistance. In such a situation I decided to cross Ravna
Gora and to go into the area round Struganik. After certain expe-
riences I had with Racic, concerning the direction of operations, I
knew in advance that he was incapable of leading a hundred men,
although he was a brave man. Nesko Nedic, who was his Chief of
Staff, was a capable man, but an adventurer. With such a command,
nothing could be done. I possessed Ravna Gora with very small
forces, and that night, I left for Struganik, expecting to find him
there. However, he was already west of Valjevo. In view of this I
ordered a retreat in the direction of Draginje. My intention was

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Authorization from Mihailovic to Cetmk Captain Dura Ivetic to »Iegaiise« his detachment,

to transfer the whole of my Staff, by manoeuvering, behind (the
rear of the Fourth corps, because, being the staff, I was not a figh-
ting force. I came to Draginje by forced marches. The battle was
developing before me.

Prosecutor: Is this the Draginje, near Koceljevo?

Defendant: Draginje is to the north to Kosjeric. I went
towards Cer and came up behind the Fourth Corps in Macva. In
Macva he informed me: »I cannot hold out any longer. Cross the Drina
immediately, I am sending Tufegdzic's corps after you.« I crossed
the Drina, Tufegdzic's corps did n/olt. I then relied upon the Macva corps
of Leka Damnjanovic. During this time, all the operations failed.
I remember that he appeared in the area of Cacak,

President: Where did you withdraw with your troops?

Defendant: I told you. I crossed the Drina.

260

President: Did any units go in your direction, apart from the
Cetniks.

Defendant: In the indictment it says that the German troops
were there, but they were not, nor were the Guards, only my rear
and certain troops from the terrain, which were in Macva. I do not
remember the names of these commanders with their .small groups.
We crossed at Badovinci.

President: And the main Cetnik forces?

Defendant: The main Cetnik forces did not exist. There was
the Fourth Group of the Storm Corps of General Mirko Trifunovic.
In east Serbia Keserovic was in his place.

President: Where did you withdraw to?

Defendant: I ordered Trifunovic only to move from Cacak
towards the south.

President: Where did you withdraw to after that?

Defendant: Trifunovic informed me that he could not keep con-
trol over his commanders. They formed some kind of military council,
but they could not agree. They deserted Ivanjica, before small Par-
tisan forces. All this was converging towards Sandzak, although I did
not want to go from Serbia, because I knew, I had the information,
that the Red Army was only passing through. My one desire was-
no to fall into any awkward situation. They retreated alone, and
entered Sandzak. From General Trifunovic I received the following
report: »These are fugitives, one can do nothing with them«. At
this time Pavle established contact with Racic, a brief contact for
the sake of rallying their forces. Pavle called him to go to Monte-
negro where he had food for 50.000 soldiers, where there was every-
thing; but confusion arose between the commanders, in spite of their
military council, about what was to be done. Their withdrawal from
Sandzak represented a kind of refuge, without any command, after
the defeat. My idea and that of General Trifunovic was to take
them away from the road where the Germans were, for their units
often got mixed up with the German units. I ordered Trifunovic, who
informed me that these were fugitives, to direct them towards
Gorazde — Jabuka, into the areas where there were no troops of the
invader. I did not suceed in this. They withdrew into deficiency areas
where they could not hold fOiut. I decided to transfer them dnto more
fertile regions, towards Posavina. I ordered Trifunovic to transfer
all his forces from Serbia — they wanted to go to the sea — to
move them towards the north, and he did so. I first met them at
Knezina in the Rogatica District and I took them under my command.

261

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Report of fhe Cetnik commander Pavle Durisic to Mihailovic about the conclusion of
the action against the Moslem population on the right bank of Lim.

President: Do you -know that a Cetnik group was withdrawing,
headed by Pavle Durisic?

Defendant: Pavle, who did not obey me after his return from
the prisoners o"f war camp, put great pressure on me, to send all the
troops to go to Montenegro, because there was food. I told
him that there might be food for six days. Then it came to open
hostility between the officers and the commanders. I told them to
remain on their terrain.

262

President: And did Pavle Durisic withdraw?

Defendant: Contrary to my order," he withdrew with the
Germans.

President: Was it clear to you then that Germany was capi-
tulating?

Defendant: Absolutely.

President: Did you issue an order for a general attack against
the Germans?

Defendant: With the troops I had it was impossible.
Prosecutor: This was the favourable moment.
Defendant: Not at -all favourable. It (is easy to say that, but
one should understand the situation.

President: You said in the course of the trial that the favourable
moment was when the Germans began leaving our territory. And you
retreated with them, and during the retreat the Cetnik units fought
against the Partisans.

Defendant: I am telling what happened.

President: Is it true that the Cetnik units, on their way, while
retreating, fought against the Partisans, together with the Germans?

Defendant: That was very tad. The most important point is
this. Before this breakdown, Ostojic sent a telegram to me and asked
me to begin an action against the Germans and I answered him: »Act
according to the situations

President: Did the Nedic and Ljotic troops go across Sandzak
with the troops which were under the command of General
Trifunovic?

Defendant: All the Nedic troops, but not one Ljotic man. The
Nedic troops were reformed and came to Novi Pazar. General Trifu-
novic informed me that they wanted to go to Greece. General Tri-
funovic persuaded them to come there. They were formed in three divi-
sions: the First, Second and Third division. The First and the Second
divisions were composed of the Serbian State Guards, and the Third
division was the Frontier troop. They all formed the Serbian Storm
Corps.

President: Was the Serbian State Guard under your command
during the retreat?

Defendant: Not all of it. From these guards and the Frontier
troops we had previously formed the worst troops in the world. I
realized that later, when we tried to use them at Knezina for fight-
ing against the Partisans. I w-anted to take my troops into the area
of Spreca river. It was suggested to me that I should take my
troops there.

263

Prosecutor: Tell me, what suggestions did you receive?

President: When did the Serbian State Guards place themselves
formally under your command?

Defendant: Vl/hen they came to me in the Rogatica District.
Immediately after that I tried to reach the Spreca river, which was
miore fertile than Posavina. These troops, however, fled after the
first clashes. They caused a serious crisis among the other Serbian
forces, so that they came out of it with great losses. They went
further towards Zavidovici, surrendered to the Germans, and were
taken from there to Germany.

President: Tell us clearly; in 1944 during the penetration of
the forces of the Army of National Liberation into Serbia, vas there
collaboration or parallel action of the Cetniks, Nedic and Ljotic
troops and the Germans in the struggle against the Army of National
Liberation?

Defendant: Unless I have the disposition of troops I cannot
answer either yes or no to this question.

President: All right then. Do you 'know where Jelova Gora is?

Defendant: Yes, I do.

President: Do you know were Uzice is, and Karan?

Defendant: Yes, I do.

President: Do you know the Pozega — Visoka — Tresnjevica line?
Do you know Cacak?

Defendant: Yes, I do.

President: You see, on this front there are the Cetniks, the
Germans, the Ljotic and the Nedic troops.

Defendant: There are two lines here. The Cetniks are in the
last line.

President: Which is the first line?

Defendant: The first line is the communication line held by
the Germans, through Uzice, Pozega, Cacak, which they defended
strongly.

President: It says here: »Facing it, there were the forces of the
communists which penetrated into the Uzice area and held the Zla-
tibor District, the town of Po-zega and all the area west of Uzice up
to the Drina.«

Defendant: They held it

President: Explain to us from the military point view: Did
there exist on 'this side, facing the Army of National Liberation, a front
of two lines, composed of the Cetniks, the Germans, the Ljotic troops
and the Serbian State Guards?

264

Defendant: The Germans held -it; in the following way: .

President: Were there two fronts?

Defendant: No, there were not.

President: That's your opinion.

Defendant: I am explaining.

President: It is clear to everyone who knows his military ABC.

Defendant: I consider that 'the first line is of no importance to
me in the defence of the terrain which I wish to defend.

President: Did you wish to defend the terrain of Serbia?

Defendant: Yes, I did. The first line represented only a few-
points which by themselves represented points of resistance, but the
Partisans could always pass between them and attack Racic. It usually
happened that the Cetnik units were attacked first, with the intention
of occupying the terrain. In this case the first line consisted of several
paints of resistance held by the Germans, which were very difficult to
take because they were superior in armament both to us and the
Partisans, and the Germans, whenever they had to withdraw, took
their own line.

President: During the liberation of Valjevo by the forces of the
Army of National Liberation, who resisted the Army of National Libe-
ration at Valjevo?

Defendant: I think the Germans.

President: With whom?

Defendant: There were no Cetniks at Valjevo.

President: And around Valjevo?

Defendant: Racic was on Medvednik with his troops.

President: And after Jelova Cora and Medvednik, when did
the Cetnik forces pass through Valjevo?

Defendant: I don't know. -

President: When you had a narrow escape, half an hour before
the Army of National Liberation came, and your supply column was
left behind.

Defendant: That was part of the supply column. On Medvednik,
Racic defended his terrain facing Kosjeric. This was the southern boun-
dary of his terrain.

President: Now then, this was the first Valjevo line.

Defendant: Yes.

President: And who was at Valjevo?

Defendant: The Germans were at Valjevo.

265

President: Is it clear to you now, that the Cetniks defended the
German garrison?

Defendant: Not the garrison, because the German garrison at
Valjevo might have been defeated and Medvednik still hold out.

»I FORMED A JOINT STAFF WITH THE GERMANS«

President: There is a document enclosed, from which it can be
seen that the Serbian State Guards were formally placed under your
command much earlier than you admitted.

Defendant: I don't know.

President: Did you receive Steva Radovanovic, the commander
of the Serbian State Guards?

Defendant: Never. I never saw him before Knezina, in the Roga-
tica District.

President: Did he place himself under your command?

Defendant: I don't think so.

President: Did you form a new corps from his units?

Defendant: Trifunovic did this in Sandzak only.

Prosecutor: Why didn't you try Steva for the crimes he com-
mitted?

Defendant: There was plenty of time for that.

Prosecutor: So you waited?

President: Did you have any more meetings with Starker and
Acimovic during your retreat from Bosnia?

Defendant: At the village of Draginje in the second half of
September.

President: Was he accompanied by anybody?

Defendant: I don't know, but the first meeting is explained.

President: Was he accompanied by Milan Aoimovic?

Defendant: Neither at the first nor at the second meeting could
Acimovic have been present. This meeting was held at Draginj-e vill-
age, or rather, in a house to the soutii of the village. At this meeting
Starker submitted an elaborate survey written in pencil, and he tried
to read it, but he was very excited and could not translate it into
French properly. He began to critisize the Red Army.

President: Had you any other meetings with Starker?

Defendant: I had a meeting in the area of Srednji. I came to
Bosnia over Badovinci. I crossed all north Bosnia and descended to the
Sarajevo area, where he sent me a massage about the meeting in
November. I approved of it.

266

Mihailovic's telegram to >>Bernard« (Father Dujic) through »lstvan« - (Bacovic) about
the support which the emigrant government of Slobodan Jovanovic was giving to the

Cetnik organization.

President: November?
Defendant: I think November 1944.
President: And who sent you the message?
Defendant: I do not know how I received dt,, but I think it wa-s
through Borota.

Prosecutor: Who was Borota?

267

Defendant: Colonel Borota, commander of the corps in the area
of Sarajevo.

President: Was Borota in contact with the Germans at Sarajevo?

Defendant: No, he was not.
President: Did Borota visit Lohr?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: Did Borota get food, arms and ammunition for you,
from the Germans?

Defendant: No. I only know that he had a channel at Sarajevo,
through a certain village called Radinja, something like that.

President: You said something different at the investigation.
It is on record, that you were informed of this meeting . . .

Defendant: These are details I do not know.

President: Just this is not a detail.

Defendant: I'm not sure.

President: Perhaps the Belgrade organization informed you of
the meeting?

Defendant: Perhaps, most probably.

President: And how do you explain that the Belgrade organi-
zation could do this and where was it at that time?

Defendant: It could do it because it was in contact with me
by radio.

President: Where was your radio centre at that time?

Defendant: In Belgrade.

President: Was Belgrade liberated at that time?

Defendant: There were two radio stations of mine in Belgrade,
constantly, all the time from 1942 onwards. These were two secret
radio stations in Belgrade.

Prosecutor: Was one of them at the Special Police?

Defendant: I do not know.

President: Where did Starker come from, when he came to that
meeting?

Defendant: From Sarajevo.

President: Did he come from Germany to Sarajevo, or from
Sarajevo itself?

Defendant: From Sarajevo.

President: Did he come from Germany to Sarajevo, or from
some other direction?

Defendant: I don't know. I think he came from Zagreb.

President: Who else came to this meeting?

Defendant: Milan Acimovic.

President: In whose name did Starker come?

268

Defendant: He came in the name of their command in Zagreb.

President: Did he come in the name of Neubacher?

Defendant: Most probably. He was his representative even
earlier.

President: Why did Starker meet you?

Defendant: On a matter which greatly surprised me when I
heard of it, and which I am going to tell about in my further explan-
ation. I had the best opinion of my own men. But one group gave
me great trouble. On this occasion I learnt things that amazed me. Ba-
covic, using the signatures which I gave him on blank forms,, and I
actually did this, submitted to the Germans an offer with my signa-
ture, through Sarajevo, saying that the Cetnik organizations would
place themselves at the service of the Germans. They saw my signa-
ture, and Starker came and said: »We have received this document*.
He did not bring it along with him; if he had I would not have allowed
him to go away with such a forged note, but with my original signa-
ture. Starker asked: »Is this your wish?« and I said: »We were and
still are enemies. It is a sad coincidence that I am, like you, fighting
against the Partisans. This is a sad coincidence which I regret.«

President: Explain, when you and the Germans fought simulta-
neously against the Partisans? Was that collaboration?

Defendant: Call it what you like.

President: Answer the question of the Court. When you fought
against the Army of National Liberation together with the Germans,
was it collaboration or was it not?

Defendant: 1 had to defend myself.

President: Answer the question: when you fought against the
Army of National Liberation together with the Germans, was it col-
laboration or not?

Defendant: For me it was not. Whenever I was free, I always
tried to go into action. To defend myself.

Prosecutor: Why did you not defend yourself from the
Germans?

Defendant: They were on the terrain.

President: Did such facts help the invader?

Defendant: Yes, because it brought about a mutual fight.

President: Was this helping the invader?

Defendant: I did not think it was helping the invader.

President: And was it that in fact?

Defendant: Perhaps, but I did not think. It was not my intention
to help the dnvader.

269

President: Was it your intention, judging by the actual events,
by the facts which were developing, to help the invader?

Counsel for the Defence: It helped him.

President: Please, I must seriously warn the defence to keep in
order and not to do such things, not to act as prompters. It is, to say>
the least, incorrect. Was this helping the invader or was it not?

Defendant: No.

President: And when the invader fought side by side with you
against the Army of National Liberation? Did the invader help you
then?

Defendant: The invader took advantage of our mutual fight.

President: It can be deduced from this that you helped each
other, you and the invader, against the Army of National Liberation.

Defendant: I think not.

President: Was participation of the German battalion in the
Toplica offensive, collaboration with the invader?

Defendant: I did not want it.

President: Was this collaboration?

Defendant: The Partisans attacked the terrain which I held.

President: All right, they attacked it. Was this collaboration?

Defendant: My aim was not to take and control all the com-
munications. My attack was in the form of sabotage. I shared the
terrain. I had suggestions from the government and from the Allies,
»Hold out on the terrain, keep Serbia and when the Germans begin
to break down, attack«.

Prosecutor: Did you receive such suggestions from all the
Allies?

Defendant: It is in the indictment. Col. McDowell told me
to hold the terrain.

President: Who was Ljubisa Dordevic?

Defendant: Ljubisa Dordevic? I don't know.

President: Commander of the Serbian State Guards and Nedic's
Major. And who was Marko Muzikravic.

Defendant: Marko Muzikravic was the commander of the bri-
gade at Gruza.

President: And whom did the brigade belong to? Was it yours?

Defendant: Yes, it was.

President: On October 6, Ljubisa Dordevdc wrote to Muzikra-
vic (he reads) »Dear Marko, hold out for a little. German, aircraft
is bombing the area around Vrbava, there are sufficient arms and
machine guns. I have formed a joint staff with the Germans. The
Chief of Staff is comming to lead the Germans.« What was this?

270

Defendant: This was treason.

President: Was this collaboration with the invader?

Defendant: Yes, it was.

President: And was it collaboration when Nesko Nedic and
Racic fought with the Germans against Toplica?

Defendant: I didn't know of such a situation.

President: Was it collaboration when they went to Sandzak
with the Germans?

Defendant: I have explained that

President: The Court asks you whether it was collaboration
with the Germans?

Defendant: These were fugitives, no longer soldiers; my troops
were being pushed hither and thither, and in the general confusion,
intensified by propaganda, the commanders got out of hand and
began to follow their own high policy. This happens to every army
which is losing.

DEFENDANT MIHAILOVIC SENDS THE GESTAPO AGENT INTO
LIBERATED SERBIA GASPAREVIC TO ORGANIZE DIVERSIONS
AND ACTS OF SABOTAGE, AND TO MURDER PEOPLE WITH

NOISELESS RIFLES

President: When did your second meeting with Starker take
place?

Defendant: The second meeting was at Vucjak.

President: When?

Defendant: I think I have answered that — in April or the end
of March 1945.

President: Who else was with Starker?

Defendant: I do not know, nobody was there. He came un-
accompanied.

President: And Acimovic?

Defendant: Acimovic, yes.

President: Was it a German delegation, or were these his fol-
lowers? Who attended the meeting between you and Starker?

Defendant: Only, he and myself.

President: What was the aim of Starker's visit to Vucjak, and
what was decided at this meeting?

Defendant: He came to hand me an offer from Lohr, the com-
mander of the German troops in Yugoslavia. He brought me an offer
to hand to the Allies, to place himself at their disposal, with his

271

troops, and to separate Austria. In addition to this, he -drew my atten-
tion to the fact that I must communicate this matter under a' most se-
cret cipher, because Lohr was afraid he might be caught by the Ge-
stapo, as my cipher was compromised, because ithe cipher with the
English had been in use for several years. I answered as follows: »Thi-s
does not concern either myself, or my movement, or Yugoslavia. This
matter concerns Central Europe. Please send one of your represen-
tatives, who is authorized to speak from the radio station. After the
conversation, he will be at liberty to return any way he likes over
Partisan territory.« I sent it by radio.

President: This means that you did not inform the Allies of
Lohr's message.

Defendant: I said I did so.

President: Isn't it clear that you -did not send Lohr's message?

Defendant: I personally coded this telegram and sent it. I con-
sidered that something might come of it.

President: What?

Defendant: I do not know what.

President: Can it be concluded from it that in doing so, you
tried to keep Lohr safe?

Defendant: Never.

President: How do you mean never?

Defendant: Never. I left it to the Allies to judge it. •

President: To judge of what?

Defendant: Whether they needed it.

President: But you did not send Lohr's message /to the Allies
at all.

Defendant: I informed them in that way. I did not send any-
thing else.

President: It can be concluded from this that you concealed
the fact that you were protecting Lohr.

Defendant: I hid him from the Gestapo.

President: That means that you were protecting Lohr.
* Defendant: I am sorry that this expression should be used, but
I did not protect him.

President: Were you in contact with the Gestapo agent, th*e
leader of the terrorist group, Gasparevic?

Defendant: Yes, I was.

President: Explain your connection with him.

Defendant: Gasparovic appeared in the area of Sarajevo and
there he was received, with about 50 to 60 men. I said that he should
be received, because I was not at Sarajevo then, Iwas at Trebava/-

272

He came to Col. Pavlovic, who was authorized to form the command,
Gasparevic came, and I saw him only after he came there. My inten-
tion as -far as Gasparevic was concerned was, after I heard that he.
had arms, to use him until he crossed into Serbia, and after that to

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Petar Bacovic reports to »Cica« (to Mihailovic) on his visit to Cetnik units

in Hercegovina.

kill him and take over his men. For this purpose, I ordered a group
to accompany him. This was Captain Topalovic's group and Milovan
Nedeljkovic was also there. Topalovic attempted to disarm them
earlier and this caused a great quarrel. He should have waited a
little longer. Only Nedeljkovic remained, with a group of men he was

273

leading. Gasparevic had plenty of material. I did not want to u-sc
these men, because they were mostly men from war prisoners' camps,
who chose to return to their country in this way; and thus it canre
to this. My intention was to pass on the message to< Nedeljfcovic, that
Gasparevic should be killed when he crossed the Lim. The order to
that effect was issued to Topalovic, and he was to pass it on to
Nedeljkovic.

President: How did you come into contact with Gasparevic
and his group?

Defendant: I don't know exactly.

President: Through whom? Who brought you together?

Defendant: I think Acimovic could answer this. Gasparevic pre-
sented himself to me, when he came, as a renegade Ljotic man.

President: Did Borota perhaps bring you together?

Defendant: I don't know exactly.

President: I will remind you of your deposition at the investi-
gation. To the question: »How did you become connected with Gas-
parevic and his group« you answered: »Borota brought me in touch
with Gasparevic. As a matter of fact Borota informed me in a tele-
gram about the arrival of Gasparevic and his group from Austria,
and asked me whether I would receive Gasparevic.«

Defendant: Yes, that's quite right.

President: And now, what is right, what you said before,
or now?

Defendant: I cannot give you an exact answer. I can only
repeat, I was so much pressed with business. I must reconstruct how
things happened.

President: You know that you received him. Only a few facts
are left to be cleared up. Did Gasparevic inform you of the tasks
he was given before his departure from Austria to Serbia?

Defendant: He did not tell me everything. But Topalovic was
exactly informed.

President: Accused Mihailovic, -please say, did Gasparevic tell
you of the task he was given?

Defendant: No.

President: Did he tell you he had been given a task? . . .

Defendant: No. He explained things to me in this way . . .

President: I shall read to you the statement you made at the
investigation in answer to this question. »He was given by the Ger-
mans the task of commanding a terrorist group, to carry out diver-
sionary and sabotaging acts in Serbia . . . «

Defendant: It may be so ... I ...

274

President: Who brought you in touch with Gasparevic then?

Defendant: Borota.

President: Does it mean that the Germans sent Gasparevic to
Borota?

Defendant: Certainly.

President: Was Borota under your command?

Defendant: Yes.

President: What order was given to Gasparevic's group?

Defendant: I did not look at it. He told me about it at the
time when I was too busy. He said he had two noiseless rifles.

President: Had he any explosives?

Defendant: He had plenty of material.

President: What uniforms had Gasparevic's group?

Defendant: They had English and German uniforms.

President: Why did Gasparevic's group wear English uniforms?

Defendant: In order to cross Serbia more easily, to be better
received by the people.

President: Didn't that strike you as strange?

Defendant: The Germans obviously thought that Gasparevic's
group -should be dressed, not in German uniforms, but in English.

President: Does it mean that Gasparevic's group presented
itself to the people as English, or perhaps as appointed by the
English?

Defendant: They could not present themselves as such, because
they did not speak English, they spoke Serbian.

President: Was this according to the instructions of the
Germans?

Defendant: Probably.

President: Who provided the channel for the crossing of Ga-
sparevic and his group into Serbia? :

Defendant: He demanded to go across the Majevica terrain.

President: I ask you definitely: Who made the channel for
the crossing into Serbia of Gasparevic and his group?

Defendant: The channel was made by the staff of the com-
mander Dragoslav Topalovic.

President: Was he part of your command?

Defendant: Yes, he was in my command.

President: Did you order Topalovic to secure this channel?

Defendant: There was no strictly defined channel. He was sent
from one corps to the other, as on the Drina. He knew the situation
best

President: Did you give the order that they should be helped
and transported into Serbia?

275

Defendant: Yes, I did.
President: All right.

Defendant: But I issued the order that he should be killed.
Prosecutor: How can you prove it? You will have an oppor-
tunity to prove it if you can.

President: You said recently that you attached some of Topa-
lovic's men to Gasparevic.

Defendant: Yes, I did. Captain Topalovic as well He also went.

President: Under whose command was all this group?

Defendant: Under the command of Topalovic.

President: Can it be deduced from that, that Gasparevic was a
simple fighter?

Defendant: So long as he was allowed to live.

President: Was he an ordinary fighter?

Defendant: He led his group.

President: Did he have his group inside Topalovic's group?

Defendant: Yes.

President: Did you maintain contact with these groups?

Defendant: Perhaps I did.

President: Yes or no.

Defendant: Yes.

President: How?

Defendant: Through radio communication,

President: With Topalovic separately?

Defendant: No, it was like this: there was a code for Topa-
lovic, that is, only Topalovic had the code.

President: And had you a code with Gagparevic?

Defendant: I don't think so.

President: Remember, this is important.

Defendant: I don't think so.

President: Remember.

Defendant: I don't think so.

President: You said something quite different in the record.
Had you radio connection?

Defendant: Yes, I had.

President: And had you personally a code with Gara?

Defendant: Perhaps, probably.

Prosecutor: Was it a«n open telegram?

Defendant: I never communicated openly.

President: The telegrams were submitted to you at the investi-
gation.

18*

276

Defendant: There were several telegrams. Dragoslav Topalovic
received them.

President: Did you personally send these telegrams, with your
signature, to Gasp are vie?

Defendant: Perhaps.

President: Yes or no?

Defendant: I cannot say precisely, I would not like to con-
tradict the record.

Prosecutor: I think -it is clear to everybody. When a difficult
matter comes up, when Mihailovic's treacherous activity is in que-
stion, he can not remember anything.

IN THE COURSE OF DECISIVE BATTLES FOR THE LIBERATION

OF THE FATHERLAND MIHAILOVIC SENDS COMMANDOS

BEHIND THE FRONT TO DESTROY, KILL, AND MAKE

PROPAGANDA FOR THE KING.

President: Did you establish a school for commandos
anywhere?

Defendant: The first was at Srednjd and the second at Madrid.
We took over the latter after the retreat of the Ustasas. The com-
mandos were headed by Col. Pavlovic.

President: What did the commandos learn in this school?

Defendant: They learned everything necessary for commandos;
propaganda in the first place.

President: Well, and then?

Defendant: Handling arms.

President: What else?

Defendant: Diversionary groups to act entirely separately on
the terrain, and the most important aim of the commandos was that
their zones did not coincide with those of the corps.

President: All right, this is purely territorial. And the chief aim?

Defendant: To prepare our return to Serbia.

President: In what way?

Defendant: Through the inclination of the people, in the first
place.

President: You mentioned that they had to do diversionary
work. What, exactly?.

Defendant: Diversion could be made by hampering the roads,

President: How do you mean »hampering«?

Defendant: Hampering the traffic. They had to be fit for
everything.

277

President: Was the task of the commandos to destroy railway
lines, bridges?

Defendant: I did not think like that. I did not want to destroy
a single objective in my country; but they had to know everything.

Prosecutor: Were they given the task of beheading the mem-
bers of Peoples Committees?

Defendant: Such a task was never given by me.

President: Was Gasparevic under Topalovid's command? If
Gasparevic's task was diversion, sabotage and attempts against the
leaders, does it mean that he could not do any of these things without
Topalovic's order?

Defendant: He could not do anything without Topalovic's
order.

President: Under whose command was Topalovic?

Defendant: Under the command of the commandos.

President: And who was the commander of the commandos?

Defendant: Colonel Pavlovic,

President: And the commander of Pavlovic?

Defendant: Myself.

President: Did Gasparevic inform you through the code he
had with you, through his radio station, of his movements?

Defendant: I think the maximum I received was two to three
telegrams.

President: And did you answer the telegrams?

Defendant: I believe I did.

President: Please do not say »I believe« or »I do not believe«,
but yes or no.

Defendant: Yes, I did.

President: Did you send telegrams to Gasparevic informing
him of the situation?

Defendant: I would not have sent such telegrams to him. I
would have sent them only to Topalovic.

President: But still, you informed him?

Defendant: No.

President: To the question of the examining magistrate: »Do
you admit that you also sent Gasparevic telegrams informing him
of the situation?« — you said: »thafs right, I admit it.«

Defendant: I do not want to contradict myself.

President: Did you receive telegrams from Gasparevic, in which
he informed you of the battles between the Cetniks and the Partisans?

Defendant: Perhaps. I do not know the contents of these
telegrams.

278

President: Did you receive such telegrams?

Defendant: Yes, I did.

President: It is rather incomprehensible that you were in such
close touch with Gasparevic, and at the same time the order was
given for him to be killed.

Defendant: This was only a trick.

President: Was Gasparevic killed?

Defendant: He did not even cross the Drina, and later I lost
contact with him.

Prosecutor: Why did you not kill him at once?

President: Yes. That is a good question. Accused, when did you
learn that he was a Gestapo agent?

Defendant: I thought he was a Ljotic man. That was my belief.
He said that he came as a renegade Ljotic man.

President: Did he tell you that he had been through the divers-
ion school?

Defendant: No. He told me that he did not want to remain with
Ljotic, and that was why he came to us.

President: Were the forces of the Army of National Liberation
at war with the German fascists at that time?

Defendant: Yes.

President: Were you at the side of the troops on the German
fascist front?

Defendant: No.

President: Where were you?

Defendant: I was in Bosnia.

President: Were the Germans in Bosnia?

Defendant: I had' no troops there at all, except for the Bosnian
forces.

President: At that time, In January, February, March, you
knew about these battles on the Srem front, between the Germans
and the Army of National Liberation?

Defendant: I must have known of it.

President: How do you mean »must have known*?

Defendant: They were known to me.

President: Were you aware of the fact that the Army of Nati-
onal Liberation was exerting the greatest effort to drive the invadei
from the country?

Defendant: I was.

President: Were you aware of the fact that you were sending
the diversionary, espionage, Gestapo group of saboteurs, who hac

279

been through the Gestapo school, behind the back of the Army of
National Liberation which was fighting against the invader?

Defendant: That group could not do anything. I knew that it
would not execute any of its tasks.

President: Were you still aware that you were sending such
a group behind the Army of National Liberation lines?

Defendant: The soldiers were war prisoners and wanted to
return to Yougoslavia at all costs. I did not look upon these men
as Gestapo men. Only Gasparevic could be a Gestapo man.

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Authorization issued by Mihailovic to Captain Mihailo Vemic to establish contact with

Greek »national forces«.

President: Were you aware that by the departure of Topalo-
vic's group behind the lines, by sending Topalovic's group to the
rear of the front, which was fighting against the enslavers of your
country, you were sen-ding a group of men with the task of under-
mining, creating unrest and disorders, with the object of weakening
the front against the fascist invader?

Defendant: No, the front could not be weakened like that,
because no action was to be undertaken in Serbia. I wanted these
men to come to Serbia and prepare the return of the Serbian troops.

President: At the investigation you said that Topalovic's task
was to rally the Cetnik units.

Defendant: Yes.

280

President: Look here, if at this time a general mobilization for
the struggle against fascism, against the Germans, was being carried
out, and you send behind the lines men to organize units, to rally
fighters, who ought to be fighting against Germany, what would
that mean?

Defendant: It was a political struggle which had to be. It is
in the indictment itself; and after what I gathered from Col. Mc-
Dowell, I considered that my duty was to hold my position among
the people, and this did not mean engaging in any battle, a battle
which, so to speak, I could not engage in.

President: Then, what kind of propaganda was Topalovic enga-
ged in?

Defendant: I considered, that concerning the political organi-
zation, a compromise should be arrived at.

President: What was written in the leaflets, what slogans were
written?

Defendant: The King, and various slogans.

President: Please, mention them.

Defendant: I don't know them.

Prosecutor: And yooi forgot about the struggle against the
Germans. You considered that it was not yet time.

Defendant: I" did not forget.

President: You did not forget. Was there an order to Rakovic
to write slogans?

Defendant: I don't remember.

President: So, the only slogan was the King.

Defendant: Yes.

President: It is short, it can be written, and erased. All right.
Do you know that your commander Borota collaborated with the
Germans?

Defendant: No.

President: Shall I remind you of one of your telegrams? (reads)
»No 11 urgently announces the following: All requests for ammuni-
tion will be fulfilled and a delegate will be sent to arrange with you
that things be put in their place. They suggest that we throw the
troops on the terrain and destroy in the rear«. The telegram was
sent to you on January 25, 1945, that is when you were in Bosnia.

Defendant: I don't know.

President: You didn't receive such a telegram?

Defendant: No, I don't know about such l telegram.

President: Let me remind you of one of your telegrams, dated
January 13 which reads: » . . . N° 11 Command (which means Ger-

281

man) places at your disposal a group of 64 excellently armed sabo-
teurs under the command of Gara. I repeat Gara, with one ' or
two radio stations . . . already 29 have arrived in Sarajevo ... All are
Serbs . . . Gara informs me that they have placed themselves entirely
at the disposal of our organizations . . . Gara informs that he has
specialized teachers and he will place them at our disposal if we
want them . . . Gara wants an urgent meeting with me ... NQ 11
places himself at our disposal* . . .

Defendant: At this moment, January 13, I was not there. The
headquarters were in Sarajevo area and I was on Trebava.

Prosecutor: How is it that you were on Trebava, and the head-
quarters at Sarajevo?

President: And you said to us that you had established contact
through Borota.

Defendant: I don't know the details.

Prosecutor: Borota sent a telegram to yon and here is your
answer in short (he reads) » ... Call Col. Pavlovic and establish con-
tact with Gara . . . Tell them that I have nothing against accepting
Gara at our command. Col. Pavlovic is to accept the specialist
teachers. Let them be utilized . . .«

Defendant: The telegrams were sent through Lalatovic, who
received them, and he gave me only a summary of them and pro-
bably he sent the answers. I do not remember this telegram, because
he gave me only a summary. Borota informed me of one 'thing or
another and I sent the answer.

President: This means that both the one telegram and the other
are authentic. What would have happened to Topalovic's men and
to Topalovic himself, if they had not carried out their task of writ-
ing slogans, etc?

Defendant: That was provided for in the instructions to the
command. There was a special plan dealing with that

President: And what would have happened to them? Would
they be dismissed, or what?

Defendant: The order was in the files.

President: This is your order, N° 230, marked strictly confi-
dential: »The Chief of Staff of the Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland.
Order of January 13, 1945, for special tasks. On the territory of
Serbia it is urgently necessary to place at the disposal of the command:
of the royal commandos suitable persons, who will join as volunteers,
and who have the right kind of character and other moral qualities.
These persons must know that if they do not accomplish their tasks
they will be sentenced to death, so that people whose only object is

282

to return to Serbia cannot join. Chief of Staff, Army General Drag.
Mihailowc.« Did you kill people for not writing the slogan »The
King« ?

Defendant: In the instructions severe punishments are provi-
ded for. The intention was that the best men should be chosen as
commandos. There were many who really were not fit for this

THE LAST RESORT: AGREEMENT WITH LJOTIC AND THE
FORMATION OF THE CETNIK DETACHMENTS ON'
FOREIGN TERRITORY UNDER GERMAN CONTROL

President: Which troops had you under your command in
Bosnia, besides the Cetniks?

Defendant: There were Moslem units.

President: AH right. And were there the Serbian State Guards?

Defendant: They all fled with their commanders to the Ger-
mans, They went to Zavidovici and I received a letter from Radoiva-
novic sayftng that they had decided to surrender to the Germans.

President: And what about your link with the Ljotic men?

Defendant: I received Ljotic's proposal to place himself under
my command. My intention was to re-form the troops in Italy and I
expected an influx of men from the war prisoners' camps. The addition
of the former war prisoners would enable me to strenghthen the
troops, to unite them and bring them closer. I did not believe in
Ljotic's forces. Thus I would have a nucleus and thence I could, at a
given moment, undertake operations against Slovenia.

President: Did Ljotic offer to unite his forces with the Cet-
niks? Did you accept this?

Defendant: Yes, he offered this and I accepted it. I sent General
Jovanovic to Slovenia to receive these troops. I gavei him his
instructions.

President: Was this the so-called advance section of the
General Staff?

Defendant: Yes.

President: And whom else did you send?

Defendant: I sent General Jovanovic, Ocokoljic and Ljuba
Jovanovic-Patak.

President: And where were these detachments?

Defendant: I do not know exactly. Some were in Italy.

Prosecutor: Is the Julian March in Italy?

Defendant: Then, it was.

283

President: Where were they at iMilano or Padova or at some
other place, tell us.

Defendant: Across the former Yugoslav frontier.

President: It means the Julian March, Rijeka, Istiia, some-
where there.

Defendant: Yes.

President: This means that the unification of the Cetnik and
Ljotic forces under the command of General Darnjanovic was made
on foreign territory. Well, tell us, how did this Staff, and under what
conditions, find itself with the Germans on the territory of Italy?

Defendant: By every means. False papers were used; every-
thing possible; and we could get false papers.

Prosecutor: Did Ljotic also have false papers?

Defendant: No, he had not.

President: Please, be precise: who allowed them to use all
these means? And even to move into Italy?

Defendant: Ljotic did not use all these means.

President: This has nothing to do with Ljotic. Perhaps the
question has confused you. I asked you how and under what condi-
tions your Staff happened to find itself on the territory of Italy,
together with the Germans?

Defendant: I think it went by train.

President: Did you allow this?

Defendant: Yes, I did.

President: Wasn't it the last resort?

Defendant: Well, yes, it was.

Prosecutor: Was the Sumadija Division illegal?

Defendant: I didn't know it was called the Sumadija Division,

President: Which forces entered these groups?

Defendant: The forces of Dujic, Ljotic and Jevdevic.

MIHAILOVIC ADMITS COLLABORATION OF HIS COMMANDERS

WITH THE INVADER

President: When we sum up all that has been revealed to the
Court, that the Cetnik commanders in Bosnia,, in Lika, etc. collabor-
ated with the invaders, with the Germans, the (Italians, can you men-
tion to the Court a single one of your commanders who never col-
laborated with the invader?

Defendant: There were some.

President: Mention their names.

284

OEHOGORSKIH MAQIQRALIS3?A 12 PCPOOiRICA T.2&ZRS

sa svo;j« strane obaTeatqese

1) - Da ce TroditI beakompromisnu borbu protlv somtmisma i koau-
niata u Crnoj aori - tog najveceg meajttaBrodnog naprljstelj*

a), -.Todja Odreda CrnogorskUi Kacionalista iz Podgorica 1 B&lin®
X«te, Pukovnik Ba,1o J. Stanieie, bilo licno ill prako
osoba koja on delegira^ bit! u stalncra kontalrtu sa Glavnoaa
Komaadoni Italidanalclh Trupa u Crnoj earl za sve sporaziaae
izrodjenju aajednicke alccije u borbi protlr komuniama u
Crnoj Gori;

3) - Da ce iz pofcreta potpuno iakljuciti svalca politiku a jedino

ostaje borba protivu komuniama u Cmoj Gorl;

4) - Italijanake 2rupe odrz&vatce red i poredak u varoaima^

po selima oval zadatak ostavl^a se crnogorakim nacKmali®-
"bima. Sto se tlce siguriiosui komunHcacionlh arteri^a, spio-
razumno ce se podjeliti' aadatkej

5) ,- Cmogorski nacionalistl bez obzira na konacni isHod rat a,
' nece upotrebiti nikad p-rui'je firotiv i-calidansklli trroa.

Hz uzajamao poatovanje, povjerenje i lojalnost etriktao c<J mo
se pridrzaTatl primljenih obavezafc

Podgorica, 6, Ozujlca 1?42*

Foscimile of the original contract concerning cooperation between Bajo Stanisic and

the Ifalfans,

Prosecutor: Let him mention the names, and tomorrow I shall
lind. telegrams proving that they collaborated.

President: It is not enough to say that there were some. You
must mention the name and surname, the corps, and in what territory
they commanded.

285

Defendant: I cannot remember the names of the corps.
President: All right, if you cannot remember the names of the
corps, remember the names of the commanders.

Defendant: I can't remember their names just now.

President. I shall remind you of those you mentioned at the
investigation as your chief commanders, here, in Serbia. Mention
which did not collaborate. Piletic?

Defendant: No, he didn't.

President: Keserovic?

Defendant: He didn't either. (Laughter in Court).

President: Father Peiisic?

Defendant: I had no information about him.
President: Bacovic,

Defendant: From this evidence, I see he did.

President: Bjelajac?

Defendant: He did.

President: Glisic.

Defendant: He did not.

President: Voja Lukacevic.

Defendant: He did.

President: Durisic.

Defendant: He did.

President: Blazo Dukanovic.

Defendant: He did.

President: Bajo Stanisic?

Defendant: He did.

President: Nesko Nedic?

Defendant: Nesko Nedic belonged to the Fourth Storm Group.
He did.

President: Predrag Rakovic.

Defendant: He did.

President: Todor Gogic.

Defendant: He didn't.

President: General Trifunovic?

Defendant: He did.

President: Kalabic?

Defendant: He did.

President: Mladen Bojovic?

Defendant: He didn't

President: Sveta Trifkovic?

Defendant: He didn't.

President:, 2ivan Lazic?

286

Defendant: 2ivan Lazic belonged, I think, to Nedic's organi-
zation before he came there. He did.

President: Alexander-Sasa Mihailovic?

Defendant: I had no details before this indictment. I did not
know he had done these things.

President: You cannot say definitely?

Defendant: He did.

President: General Dukic?

Defendant: He did.

President: Komarcevic?

Defendant: I had no information about him.

President: And what do you think?

Defendant: I think he did not.

President: Nesko Nedic?

Defendant: He did.

President: Dragomir Topalovic?

Defendant: Never.

President: Zvonimir Vuckovic?

Defendant: He did.

President: Milo-s Radosavljevic?

Defendant: He didn't

President: Dragosl/av Racic?

Defendant: He did.

Prosecutor: Please, what does »he did« mean?

President: »He did« means he had connections with the invader,
and »he did not« means he had no connection with the invader. Dftmi-
trije Lazarevic?

Defendant: I do not know who that is.

President: Radovic-Kondor?

Defendant: He didn't.

President: Bora Mitranovic?

Defendant: He didn't.

President: Stevan Damjanovic?

Defendant: I had no data about him. He didn't.

President: Father Sava Bozic?

Defendant: He did.

President: Todor Cvijetin?

Defendant: If you count his connection with the Ustasas, then
he did. Otherwise, with the Germans, never.

President: Slavoljub Vranjesevic?

Defendant: I had no proof that he did.

President: So you are not sure about him. Borota?

287

Defendant: He didn't.

President: We have just read a telegram about it.

Defendant: I didn't know.

President: Had he contact or not?

Defendant: He had.

President: Sergije Mihailovic?

Defendant: I don't know. He was killed.

President: Jezdimir Dangic?

Defendant: He did.

President: Bosko Todorovic?

Defendant: I did not know that he did.

President: And did he?

Defendant: I am not sure.

President: Uros Drenoviic?

Defendant: I don't know. I had no contact with him.

President: Perovic?

Defendant: He didn't.

President: Rade Radic?

Defendant: He did.

President: Manojlo Peric?

Defendant: He didn't He was not a commander.

President: Petar Bacovic?

Defendant: He did.

President: Father Stevan . . . ?

Defendant: I thought he didn't.

President: And now?

Defendant: I think he didn't.

President: Jevdevic?

Defendant: He did.

President: Bdrcanin?

Defendant: He did.

President: Momcilo Bujic?

Defendant: He did.

President: Mlada 2ujovic?

Defendant: I don't know about him. I sent him to Dalmatia.

President: And where did he live?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: Bjelajac?

Defendant: He didn't.

President: Kapetanovic?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: Misic?

288

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Letter from Mihailovic to the Cetnik commander Bajo Stanisic about the »Kerensky
atmosphere« prevailing in Montenegro regarding the question of the annihilation of

communists.

289

Defendant: He did not work at all.

President: Karlo Novak?

Defendant: I had no information, I don't believe he did. He
was arrested.

President: Janjic?

Defendant: The one who was in Slavonia? He did.

President: Zarko Todorovic?

Defendant: He never did.

President: Alexander Nikolic.

Defendant: He did.

Glisic's Counsel: What about Glisic?

President: I asked about him at the very beginning. Do you
know if Glisic had contact with the invader? The Counsel wants to
know.

Defendant: Yes, he had.

President: (Addressing the Counsel) Are you satisfied?

THE CONNECTION OF THE ACCUSED MIHAILOVIC WITH

PAVELIC AND ARCHBISHOP STEPINEC FOR THE

PURPOSE OF A JOINT STRUGGLE AGAINST THE

NATIONAL LIBERATION FORCES

President: Now please tell me, accused Mihailovic, who is
Ranfco Brasic?

Defendant: I did not know Ranko Brasic until he came with
General Trifunovic. He was a lawyer from Belgrade.

President: From Belgrade? Was he at your headquarters?

Defendant: Not at mine, but with General Trifunovic. I had
never seen him until he came to see me one day, at Trifunovic's sug-
gestion.

President: Did you ever send the lawyer Brasic, to Zagreb?

Defendant: I did.

President: Who managed the sending of Brasic to Zagreb?

Defendant: I think Father Savo.

President: Why was Brasic sent to Zagreb?

Defendant: He himlself asked to go. He came with General
Trifunovic and he made the suggestion, as I needed very badly to
get in contact with Zagreb. He told me that it was not right that 1
should be so little in touch with (Macek, .and then he told me that he
could go to Zagreb. When I mentioned that he had a spot on his face'
— he had a big red spot — he said that he could go because he had
friends there and that he would certainly be able to live in Zagfeb.

290

I then allowed him ; to go to Zagreb. I gave him the task of establishing
contact with the Macek men and of renewing this contact because I
lost it when I went to Bosnia.

President: With which Macek men?

Defendant: With those who were with Macek; because there
were three kinds of Macek men?

President: Actually, with which of the prominent Macek men?

Defendant: With Kosutic, an engineer.

President: Was he to establish contact with anybody else?

Defendant: I probably gave letters too. I cannot be certain.
I often sent these letters to various former guard officers whom I1
had known before, and I specially gave him an introduction to
Nikola Canic, a lieutenant-colonel.

President: To which officers did you send him?

Defendant: To General Mirko Opacic and Avgustin Marie. I
said so at the inquiry.

President: And to Defar?

Defendant: Yes.

President: To whom else.

Defendant: The exact details are in my statement. I would ask
you to help me.

President: Perhaps to Ciril Dando?

Defendant: Yes.

President: Did Brasic go to Zagreb?

Defendant: Yes.

President: What report did he send in?

Defendant: He informed me that he had established contact
with the Macek men, that they were very vague, that they demanded
that the Central National Committee should send representatives for
talks and they also, demanded that they should be Serbs, and not
from other regions.

President: And what report did he submit to you regarding
contact with the former guard officers?

Defendant: I do not remember what he sent me. I only remem-
ber that, as he had to legailize his position,! he probably had contact
with Matija Canic, through his 'brother Nikola Canic. Matija was
in the Ustasa staff.

President: Did Brasdc ever go to Zagreb again?

Defendant: I gave the exact details at the investigation. He
used to come and go.

President: When he went for the^ second time, what was
his task?

291

Defendant: He had to carry on with the job. He had told me
that it w^as possible to create in the northern regions on the Slo>-
vene- Croatian frontier ... I had one idea, to bring the Home Guards
over to my side and to protect them, together with Macek's suppor-
ters; I gave them instructions in the course of 1943 through a special
delegate of Macek's men, ass to how they -should work.

Prosecutor; What was the name of this delegate?

Defendant: Belanic.

President: Did you send anybody to Zagreb, before Brasic, to
make contact with Macelk's men?

Defendant: I did.

President: Whom?

Defendant: Barac was to work, but he was not sent.

President: Perhaps you sent Predavec?

Defendant: I don't know who went first and who went later,
perhaps they went together.

President: All right. When Brasic returned from Zagreb what
'uniform was he wearing?

Defendant: A German uniform.

President: Did Brasic bring anything to you from Zagreb?

Defendant: I don't remember.

President: Was he to establish links with anybody else but
Macek's men and the Home Guards?

Defendant: With nobody else. Absolutely. The statements of
the indictment that he was told to establish connections with Stepinec
.and Pavelic, are untrue.

President: How, untrue? Explain.

Defendant: He was not given this task. Even if I had told him
lo establish connections with certain Ustasas, dt could only have been
in order to legalize his stay in Croatia. As he was in the intelligence
.service, I considered that all means were permissible to him.

President: Did he get in touch with the Ustasa headquarters?

Defendant: He did. It was not quite clear, but it seems he did.
I considered it normal for a man in the intelligence service to use
all possible means.

President: Did you send anybody else besides Brasic to Zagreb?

Defendant: Predavec went earlier. Others were to go, not to
stay in Zagreb, but to pass through there on their way to the place
where we were to organize General Trifunovic's headquarters, and
•with him was to be Vasa Ristic, Central Committee member. I don't
know whether engineer Stankovic was to be there too.

President: Did you isend Racic or Nesko Nedic?

19*

292

Defendant: Yes, that was it

President: In whose hands was Zagreb?

Defendant: In German hands.

Prosecutor: Did Nesko Nedic and Racic go there?

President: Yes. The accused says they did. But were the Ger-
mans and the Ustasas in Zagreb and what happened?

Defendant: Nedic and Racic insisted on going to demand the
surrender of the army from Lohr.

President: Did the army surrender?

Defendant: No. The collapse of Germany was obvious. That
was in April 1945. It was with this request that they went there.

President: What month was that?

Defendant: April 1945.

President: Had you any forces in Bosnia?

Defendant: Yes,. I had.

President: Was it >an act of military courtesy to ask the enemy;
to capitulate?

Defendant: I could not prevent it. It was no act of military
courtesy. They went because the break - 'down of the German army
was imminent.

Prosecutor (addressing the President): Please ask him what
they reported.

President: Let us first get this point clear. Did they surrender
to Lohr?

Defendant: They did not.

President: What did Nesko Nedic and Brasic report when they
returned from German-fascist Zagreb?

Defendant: That they had not succeeded.

President: Did they establish contact?

Defendant: They were in contact with Lohr's Chief of Staff.

President: Did Lohr know they were Cetniks?

Defendant: Certainly.

Prosecutor: And nothing happened, they just parted like good
friends.

Defendant: Yes, they did.

Prosecutor: They asked him to surrender and he answered:
»I don't want to«.

Defendant: Yes. just like that.

President: In March and April 1945 when you sent Brasic to
Zagreb, did you entrust him with the task of establishing contact
with Pavelic and Alojzfije Stepkiec?

Defendant: Never*

President: You were shown a letter which you sent, and which
is addressed »To His Eminence Dr. Alojzije Stepinec, Archibishop of
Zagreb and Metropolitan Bishop of Croatia — Zagreb.«

Defendant: I was shown it.

President: And what have you to say about this?

Defendant: It was not my letter.

President: Wasn't it?

Defendant: I have already said so.

President (addresing the Prosecutor): He denies this letter.

Prosecutor: Well, I didn't write it!

Defendant: Neither did I.

Prosecutor (Showing the accused the letter which he wrote to
Stepinec): Have a look please. Is this your signature?

Defendant: The signature is mine, but the letter is not.

President: (reads a letter) »The Supreme Command, April
15, 1945, to Mr. B. U. . . . « Who is B. U.?

Defendant: We have discussed that. It could be only Brasid

Prosecutor: Brasic the lawyer?

President (Continues to read the letter): »I thank you for the
information you sent me about the results of your talks with His
Excellency, with the aim of entering on a joint struggle against! the
Partisans. In a separate letter, enclosed herewith, are to be foun'd
all the necessary decisions as regards the object of these negotiations
and the concluding of a favourable arrangement My desire is to- draw
your attention to the proposal, and to my proposed personal visit
to His Excellency. Therefore I ask you to be kind enough to inform
His Excellency of the contents of this letter. 1) In the first place please
thank His Excellency for his kind invitation, which he sent through
you. For reasons of principle, expressed in the course of these four
years, I cannot, unfortunately, -accept his kind invitation. 2) But you
must assure His Excellency that it is not because of my personal
safety, since I am convinced that His Excellency would give me abso-
lute protection in his area. 3) In the course of these four years I have
never been separated from my troops. My commanders also, when
I acquainted them with the proposal of His Excellency, pointed this
out, and expressly begged me not to break this tradition and thus
cause -uneasiness among my ranks. While asking you to convey
truly these reasons to His Excellency, I take the opportunity of asking
His Excellency to trust completely the officers whom I have sent to
negotiate, and thus make passible a tsuccessf ul conclusion of this under-
taking for the benefit of both our peoples. Please emphasize to him
my determination that I aod all my subordinate commanders and

294

troops, in putting into effect the projected agreement, shall keep
strictly -to the conclusions accepted by the delegates in the name of
the Supreme Command. For my part, I express my hope and deep
conviction that His Excellency and his commanders and troops shall
also be permeated with the same spirit of keeping to- their word. Bn
conveying the contents of this letter to His Excellency, please express
to him my respects. I thank you for the efforts you are making in
carrying out this nationally useful work, and I believe that in future
also, everywhere and in all circumstance's, you will know how to
serve the interests of our Fatherland, which, I hope, will give you
due recognition. Cordial greetings, yours, General Dragoljub Mi-
hailovic«

President: Is this your letter?

Defendant: Tell me the date.

President: April 15, 1945.

Defendant: On January 10, 1944, I began to fight against the
Ustasas.

President: Is this your letter?

Defendant: No.

President: And the signature?

Defendant: The signature may be mine, but the letter is not.

President: You said to the Prosecutor that it was yours.

Defendant: The signature is mine.

Prosecutor: Is it yours or can't it be yours?

Defendant: Excuse me, but I do not know how to express
myself as lawyers do, the signature is mine.

President: Here is another letter: »The Supreme Command,
April 15, 1945, to His Eminence Dr. Alojzije Stetpinec, Archibishop of
Zagreb and the Croat Metropolitan — Zagreb.

Your Eminence, The communist wave, after flooding Serbia
and other Serbian regions, nas begun also to flood the regions
inhabited by the Croat people. It is getting bigger every day and
threatens soon to flood your regions, as was the case last year here
in Serbia. At his first meeting with you, the bearer of this letter
had the opportunity to inform Your Eminence about all the sufferings
which communism caused the Serbian people during the recent
months. Thinking that it is my duty at this moment to draw the
attention of Your Eminence, as the spiritual leader of the Croat
people, to all the horrors of an eventual communist conquest of
the Croat territory, I have the honour to enclose herewith, a report
which will show Your Eminence my views on the present military
and political situation. The bearer of this letter will be at the

295

disposal of Your Eminence and can give you any further
information. Regardless of the factors and circumstances which used
to separate us and which might still do so-, I consider it my duty to
ask Your Eminence to use all Your influence and efforts to engage

Vrhovna Ko^anda, 15 apSrila 1945

Postovard gospodine B-n, «

fcaBvaj.au sam vam za obavesten;ja,ko;ja ste mi uSinili o
rezultatti VasiJa raagovora sa Ekselenci;jom,u ciljii vodjenja j'edne za-
jedniSke borbe pxotivu partizana. D posebnim aktima, ko;ji su Vam za-
iedno sa ovim pismoxn urudeni, sadrzane sii potrebne odluke u pogledu
dovrsenja ovih razgovora i zafcljuc'eiga jednog z>l;Jenog arangmana. Me-
ni je, medjutim, Sel^a da se ovim pismom pozabavim iskljuSivo pita -
njem udinjenog ml predloga od strane Ekseleacije za moju licnu pose-
t-u i dlrektnog ured^enja ovog narodnog posla, te Vas lepo mollm, da
budete Ijubazni i da Ekselenclju upoznate sa sadrzinom njegovom.

1 - U prvome redti Vas mollm, da u moje ime zalivalite Ekseleciii
na ljubaziiosta i pozlva,ic?3i ml je preJco Vas aputio. Cisto principi-
jeliii raalozl, izgradjenl tokom ove cetirl godlne, ne dopuStaju mi.na-
lalust , da se ovome l^ubaznom pozivu odazovem.

2 - SvsutaJLo ml je stalo»da Kfcselenciju ub edits, da u Icojakrctnom'
eQ.u6aJ-a moja lidna bezbednost ne dolazi pod pitanje, Jer, ja sam ap-
solutno uveren,da bl ml Ekselenclja, na svome podruS^ti, pru2io bez-.
uslacvn-u slgumost i obezbed^enje.

3 - Tokoin ove detirl godlne, ja se ni^edaom prilJLkom nisam od-
vajao od svoJUb tnipa Txi okolnost su tnojl komandantl,kooe sam odmab
upoznao s& sadrzlnom predloga Ekselencl^e, istakli i'izrlcito me mo*
lill da nl u ovoj prlllci ne otstupam od ustaljene tradicije trupa 1
da Izbegnem svako uno§ezi^e aemlra u njihove redove.

Moled l Vas da budete veran timiad ovih. razloga pred E3c-
selencijoa, ja korlstlm ovn prillka, da preko Vas Ekselencl^u umollai,
da gospodl oflclxlmii^Jtojlma sam vodjen^e pregovora poverio, poildBJb-*-
puno poverenje i da na taj na£ln omogmcl uspe§no zavrsenja ovoga po-
sla na torist oba aaroda. Molim Vas is to tako,da podvncete inoju re-
Senost,cL6 se u provod^enj-o projektovanoga sporazuma,zajedno sa svo-
31m potSln^enim tomandantlma i trupama, strilctno pridxlavam svih. tt-
tana5eixja,ko^ft gospoda delegatl u ime Vrhovne komande budu prilivati-
li Sa svoje strane, Ja Isnra^avam svoju nadu i diibo^co reverence, da
<$e tim l6tim duiiom drlaiga vojniSke 5asae re5i bitl prozeti Ekselen-
cija, Kjegovi komandantl 1 trupe.

SaopStavaJiicl sadrSlnu ovoga plsma 13cseleii.ci3i,molini
Vae da itu Izvollte Izrazltl moje po§tovanje.

zaUvalju;} em na poirtvovanju i nspox±ma,§t-o ik u*
noslte u os-cv^txenje ovoga po narod korlsnog posla 1 verujem da 6ete
i u budxuSe u svafcoj prllicl \ na svafcom mcstu tmeti da poslu2ite la
teresima na§e ot&dz*bipe,6lje Vam prlsnan^e,iladam se, ne 6e izostati

SrOadno Vas pozdravlja

Letter from Mihailovic to B (to Ranlco Brasic, agent) in connection with the talks of
Cetnik representatives with »His ExceIIency« — the bloodthirsty tyrant Ante Pavelic.

all the national forces of the Croat people in the struggle against
the Bofeeviks.

In sending you this letter I assure you of my belief that Yiour
Eminence, following the great examples of your predecessors, will

296

fulfil all the duties and tasks which confront Your Eminence in these
difficult days. The place in history which Christian posterity, and the
Croat people will accord to Your Eminence, will depend upon how
Your Eminence interprets these duties and tasks.

In that conviction and hope I recommend to- you the bearer
of this letter and ask Your Eminence to accept the expression of my
highest esteem. 1 \

Signed, Army General,
Drag*. M. Mihailovic

Is this your letter?
Defendant: It is not mine.
President: Is the signature yours.?

Defendant: The signature lis mine but I think both letters are
forged. Tell me the date please.

President: The trial will be continued tomorrow at 7 a. m.

PRESIDENT: IS THERE A SINGLE ONE OF YOUR COMMANDERS
WHO DID NOT SOIL HIMSELF BY COLLABORATING WITH THE

GERMANS?
DEFENDANT: I CAN'T SAY.

Prosecutor: Accused Mihailovic, yesterday you enumerated
your commanders who collaborated with the invaders, and you ment-
ioned some of your commanders who, you said, did not collaborate.
1 must call your attention to telegrams sent to you .and ask you
whether you knew about them when you made your deposition
yesterday. You said that your commander Radovic did not colla-
borate with the invader. What was his pseudonym?

Defendant: Kondor.

Prosecutor: In N° 11014 (it is document N° 162) ,he informs
you: ^Communists were arrested the last two nights according to a
list made by myself ... I am informed that during the might of the
21 st — 22nd several were shot.« Have you seen this telegram?

Defendant: No.

Prosecutor: Do you see now that Koodor collaborated with
the invader? ' f

, Defendant: I do.

Prosecutor: Did your commander Rafcovic collaborate with
the invader.

Defendant: I think I said that he did.

297

Perosecutor: All right, then I shall not read his telegrams. Did
Jesa Simic, called Drska, your colonel, collaborate with the Invader?

Defendant: I didn't know about his work. What the indictment
says about his activities, I didn't know. He was killed by Rakovic.

Prosecutor: He killed Simic. When?

Defendant: In 1944, although he was my fellow-student at the
Military Academy.

Prosecutor: Then you did not know that Simic collaborated
with the invader?

Defendant: I said I didn't know.

Prosecutor: Did Radmilo Grdic collaborate with the invader?

Defendant: Too much. (Laughter in the court-room).

nerefcer

KOM/2 jOTf 4 'ETffiWKOr 5ATMOHA
r.Htospy

, y usHocy o^ 30»000»-(TpEiKeceT XEu»a^
je yfiHCTBo mieHOBanop sa HEM 14 janyape, 1943 rojoiHe
BKJIO JT>yjicTBO 4 Kj6Tmftccor <5aTasoia ca npujjomTiiii KaanapasMMa er HBHEM cos
TO MJd .XKJHO socTaBSfTe cnncai Jimia Koja cy ytjecTBOBajra y aeroeoH jcsa.Tafty s
y6KCTBy»y3KMajyhn y odaap 2: r:sana?aie trinminrac'eaDe y^ecEHKe«Kaso dH mi oe

Facsimile of report from the Cefnik commander Bajo Stanisic regarding fhe distribution
of 30.000 lire received from the Italian invader for the killing of Jagos Kontic, a

communist.

Prosecutor: Then I shall not read about him. As for Voja Lu-
kacevic, we have established that he collaborated with the Germans,
Italians and others.

Defendant: He had an agreement with them.

Prosecutor: Sava Vukadinovic was your delegate, wasn't he?
The delegate of the Supreme Command in Montenegro?

Defendant: Yes.

298

Prosecutor: Here is his report to you about the assassination
of Bajo Stanisic and Blazo Dukanovic at Ostrog. Do you know this?'
He says: »For the assassination of Bajo and Blazo I asked our' men
at Podgorica to request the Germans to shoot more than 300 com-
munists«. '

Defendant: I didn't know (this.

Prosecutor: This telegram reached your command?

Defendant: I don't know.

Prosecutor: You see that Sava Vukadinovic asks the Germans--
to carry out reprisals for the killing of Blazo and Bajo. Did Blaza
and Bajo collaborate with the invader?

Defendant: They did.

Prosecutor: They were traitors?

Defendant: I said they collaborated.

Prosecutor: It is painful for you to say that they were traitors?

Defendant: It is unnecessary.

Prosecutor: The Partisans were killing traitors, and because
of this he asked for the shooting of 300 communists.

Prosecutor: (Reading a telegram sent to Draza Mihailovic in
which it was said that 18 lorries of Ljotic men left for Ivanjica) The
telegram says »It is confirmed from several sources that Tito is in the
Moravica Districts You received a report about your commander
Cvetic from Armstrong. Who was he?

Defendant: A British brigadier.

Prosecutor: What was his function?

Defendant: Chief of Mission.

Prosecutor: Here is what he has to tell you. It was transmitted
to you by Hans. That is an assumed name. Who was he?

Defendant: »Dronja« General Trifunovic.

Prosecutor: (Reading the telegram in which Armstrong informs
the Minister): »I followed Cvetic to Negbin. But Cvetic's area was more
to the west. I did not see that -the communists attacked the Cetniks.
I saw nothing terrible. There are no burnt villages. It is clear that
the Partisans attacked the Axis forces at Ivanjica, and the Partisans
were afterwards pursued.« In the continuation of this telegram.
No. 958, of February 1944, it is stated: »It is clear that the Cetniks,
Germans and Bulgarians are attacking the Partisans near Zslatibor.
Cvetic's subaltern officers have forgotten the Germans. Instead of the
Germans, they look on the Partisans as their enemy.«

Defendant: Brigadier Armstrong asked that a bridge should
be destroyed south of the village Polumir. I agreed and ordered pre-
parations to be made for this. But I was informed by the inhabitants

299

that at Polumdr there were 1.000 Bosnian refugees. I asked Armstrong
to destroy a bridge south of Raska, because it was just the same
whether the bridge to be destroyed on the Belgrade — Skoplje! line
via Kosovo, lay more to the north or to the south. He stubbornly^
refused. For this reason I told Cvetic to leave him, in order to
postpone the matter until we agreed to another plan; and during
that time the Partisans attacked.

Prosecutor: Here is something about Novak. It is No. 146.
Novak asked you something and you answered as follows: »Somei of
the talks with kalian commanders were not desirable, but if you can
utilize the Italians in a suitable manner, do so. But don't compromise
the movement or yourself; in the severe fighting which is going
on we have to use one enemy against the other. The organization
of the Yugoslav army is in your hands. Strengthen it, in spite of
all obstacles«. Is it not giving a free hand to- Karto Novak,, lin his
collaboration with the Italians?

Defendant: It was only an intrigue.

Prosecutor: I don't understand this intrigue of yours. Doesn't
this mean: collaborate secretly but be careful not to compromise
yourself.

Defendant: In my opinion he was not to compromise himself
but he could intrigue.

Prosecutor: I shall read your telegrams to Drenovic, written in
your awn hand, which prove that he collaborated with the Germans,
Ustasas and Italians, with all kinds of invaders.

-Defendant: I only learnt about it later.

Prosecutor: Did you still look on him as your commander?

Defendant: I never appointed him, and I could not remove him.

Prosecutor: Let us find your order dealing with this.

Defendant: Ostojic got a number of my signatures which he
could use as he Eked.

Prosecutor: I don't know how will you be able to prove that.

Defendant: I shall prove it by the telegrams of my comman-
ders, who said they had lost my signature.

Prosecutor: Here ds another document which ^ays . . . »The
general has come,, he will decide . . . with faith in God, for King and
Fatherland — commander Drenovic«. Here is another docu-
ment, No. 324, in which it is said that No. 11 sends the following
urgent message: »A11 requests for ammunition fulfilled, and will be
sent to their destination.*

And now let us speak about Borota. Do you recognize this?
It is the original signal book of Borota with the seals. The Court

300

can see it if it wishes, il -shall hand it to the Court. Here ,is -a telegram
from Borota which reads: »No. 11 sends the following urgent mes-
sage: All requests for ammunition fulfilled and will be sent to their
destination. They want an understanding with you, and one of your
representatives should come to make the arrangements. They pro-
pose to scatter our troops in the area, for destructive purposes, and
they will give ammunition and other supplies. They want to have
a radio link. They want to give us a wireless transmitter. They ask
a wireless operator to be sent to them. Please send urgent insruct-
ions. Colonel Borota.« This is the telegram.

Defendant: I don't recognise it.

Prosecutor: Had you contact with Acimovic in Bosnia?

Defendant: With which Acimovic?

Prosecutor: With Milan Acimovic.

Defendant: He came to the first -and second meetings, one at
Srednje and the other at Vucjak.

Prosecutor: What was Acimovic getting for you in Vienna?

Defendant: I don't know.

Prosecutor: I shall remand you of your telegram No. 13 of
January 12, 1945: »Acimovic has sent three telegrams. Vaccines and
the most necessary medical .supplies will arrive at Sarajevo one of
these days. I promise help, ammunition and clothing . . . Dorota
should continually ask for what you want, he should press your re-
quests every day . . .

Defendant: I was buying supplies.

Prosecutor: It seems that you were buying from the Germans
both arms and ammunition: Was General Trifunovic buying flame-
throwers from the Germans?

Defendant: I don't know, you can see in my cash — books
that I was buying ammunition too*.

President: Comrade Prosecutor, how long are you going to
enumerate all these commanders?

Prosecutor: I wanted to submit proofs concerning every one
of them.

President: In that case you would have to go on the whole
day. This point isi already clear. The Defendant is unable to quiote
a single one of his commanders who did not collaborate with the
Germans.

Prosecutor: I want the Defendant to admit that there was
not a single one of his commanders who did not collaborate with
the enemy.

301

President: You see, accused Mihailovic, yesterday you said,
»I don't know,« but later when I asked you whether there was a single
one of your commanders who had not collaborated with the Germans,
and when the names of your commanders and original dispatches were
read, it was proved that they had iall collaborated. Now we are losing
time asking you the same question. Is there a single one of your
commanders who did not sol himself by collaborating with the
Germans?

Defendant: I can't say.

Prosecutor: Did you know that some of your commanders
freed Germans who had been captured by the Partisans, and then
returned them to the Germans?

Defendant: I didn't know.

Prosecutor: You see that your commander from Paracin in-
formed the Cetnik command that he was sending by courier two
Germans who> were -recaptured from the Partisans. The date of the
letter is August 30, 1944, and it is signed by your Paracin commander.
Is this a betrayal of the fatherland, is this serving the invader?

Defendant: Certainly.

Prosecutor: Here is another document. It is No. 275. The bri-
gade commander lof Azbukovina District, you remember him from the
Pocer group . . .

Defendant: I -remember him.

Prosecutor: He sent you a letter informing you that the
German command at Sabac requests the repair of the road for
Krupaoj. (Prosecutor Minic reads the document which says that the
German command at Sabac requests the repair of the road and
necessary labour for it. The letter also states that, according to
certain information, the Germans are preparing an action against
the communists in Bosnia. For that reason they ask that the command-
ers of the Radevina and Azbukovina districts put at their disposal
the necessary labour). And now let us clear up the question of the
holding of territory. Is this what you call ^holding territories«, did
your troops hold territories in Serbia in this manner?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Is it treason?

Defendant: Yes. But it also proves another thing. The Germans
did not dare to come into our territory without asking our permission.

Prosecutor: And the third thing that this proves?

Defendant: (Looks questioningly at the Prosecutor).

Prosecutor: Doesn't it also prove that the Germans and Cetniks
didn't fight each other; isn't that so?

302

Defendant: Yes, but at the same time it is a proof of the
wilfulness of my commanders.

Prosecutor: That is to say that it was clear for a long time that
the Cetniks did not fight against the Germans?

Defendant: It was clear, but it also proves that the Germains
had to ask permission tto enter our territory.

Prosecutor: It is clear that they collaborated. You said thai
the Germans had to ask your permission when they wanted to come
out of the towns. Now it is clear how you held your territories. Now
let us speak of another matter. Did you appoint Pavle Durisic as
your commander? I shall read you a letter from Pavle Diurisic. He
sends you a copy of a speech he made at Kolasin, at the reception
of Pirzio Biroli. His speech to Pirzio Biroli, Governor of Montenegro,
begins like this: »Your Excellency, gentlemen, dear brothers and
sisters. The fate of the great European nations differs from that of
small nations. The small nations have always been exposed to various
dangers and obliged to spend their physical and mental powers in
assuring their existence, while the great nations were able to devote
themselves to cultural and educational activities. The communists who
had gathered in Montenegro from all parts of Yugoslavia -exploited
the revolt of the Serbian people, by leading the people to slaughter
in the fight against the invader. The people in Montenegro, although
always faithful to their national traditions, through bad policy became
a tool in the hands of the communists, who threw them into a whirl-
pool from which they have not yet extricated themselves.* Do you
agree with this?

Defendant: No.

Prosecutor: (Continues) »At the time when the people of Monte-
negro found themselves in a difficult situation, we were fortunate,
because at that very moment there came to us a great friend of the
Serbian people, a former fighter on the Salicinica front and possessor
of the order of the White Eagle with Swords, His Excellency Army
General Alessandro Pirzio Biroli. He became governor of Monte-
negro. And his task was to clear Montenegro, with the help of the
Italian army and Italian arms, of those monsters and Jewish henchmen,
and to introduce peace and order in Montenegro. For the sake of
peace and order in Montenegro, so that I may keep my pnomiise to
you and in order that the people may be saved from new bloodshed,
I beg you, in the name of the whole people, to have full confidence
in our commander General f>ukanovic.« Was that your commander?

303

it, 0KTo6pa 1944;

&HCOKO

1% OaBJie "By-

Kojerafe reHepaa H.ejush me^aBHo
y IHH ncnrnyicoBHHKa H no-
sepHO MV iy>KHocT
^aHTa HodpOBOJbaHKor icopnyca,
je oa cTpane BpxoBHe Kowanxe
KHX opyacaHHX cnara aapo^HTo npH3»a-
«>e sa CBOje BajHHHKe spaiHHe, re Je*
cm

Traitor Pavle €>urisicr whom fhe emigrant government decorated with the order of

ihe Karactarcfe Star, was also decorated by Hitler with the Iron Cross, Facsimile of

the report on the front page of »Lovcen« about this decoration by Hitler.

Defendant: That is another question.

Prosecutor: Did you approve Durisdc's work.

Defendant: I accepted the situation as I found it.

Prosecutor: Accused Mihailovic, so far we have established
that you cannot say for certain that there was a single commander
of yours who did not cooperate with the invader.

304

Defendant: 1 don't know.

Prosecutor: What is it you don't know?

Defendant: I had a great many commanders.

Prosecutor: You are not able to name any one.

Defendant: I only knew the senior commanders, and don't re-
member all of them either.

Prosecutor: Did Ostojic cooperate?

Defendant: He did.

Prosecutor: And Lalatovic?

Defendant: Yes, he did.

Prosecutor: What was Ostojic in your supreme command?

Defendant: Chief of operations section, information section and
organisation section.

Prosecutor: What was Lalatovic at that time?

Defendant: Liaison chief.

Prosecutor: And after Ostojic?

Defendant: Lalatovic became chief of the Advance Section of
the Supreme Command.

Prosecutor: And after that?

Defendant: He succeeded Ostojic.

Prosecutor: So he took over the operations, the information
and the organization section. Beginning with your supreme command,
with two of your nearest cooperators, down to the most junior com-
manders, all collaborated with the invader?

Defendant: They all betrayed me.

President: The matter has been made quite clear regarding the
commanders.

THE AMERICAN COLONEL MCDOWELL, WHO CAME TO

MIHAILOVIC IN JULY 1944, SAID TO HIM: »YOUR PRESENT

SITUATION IS DIFFICULT, BUT THE FUTURE IS YOURS«

Prosecutor: You said yesterday that the British Mission left
your headquarters. When and why?

Defandant: They left me in the Spring 1944.

Prosecutor: What was the chief reason?

Defendant: I had no idea.

Prosecutor: And when did Major Bacovic and Lukacevic come?

Defendant: Just when the Mission was leaving. They came in
the same plane.

305

(Prosecutor Minic approaches the accused Mihailovic and shows
him General Masterson's message) .

Defendant: It was probably .sent to Ostojdc and he multiplied
it. Let me lioiok at it a little longer.

Prosecutor: Is thiis yours?

Defendant: It may be something else. . . I did not know before
that they were using my signature . . . This is my passage . . .

Prosecutor: You remember this passage?

Counsel for the Defence (Joksimovic): I don't know what it is
all about. Can I please see it?

Prosecutor Minic: (goes to the Counsel and shows him
the letter).

Prosecutor (to the defendant): Bacovic and Lukacevic brought
a certain message.

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: From whom?

Defendant: I had notes with me, which were found. They were
in my pocket when I was caught. I acquainted my higher commanders
with it by circular. It was only far the higher commanders.

Prosecutor: And what were the contents of the message which
was sent to you from abroad? I don't insist that you should be
precise, but give us the main contents.

Defendant: Lukacevic and Bacovic. ,. . Lukacevic went to
London, and Bacovic was only in Cairo. I don't remember all they
said. But Lukacevic met all the officials, all the important officials
in London.

Prosecutor: And Bacovic?

Defendant: Bacovic spoke with General Masterson. General Ma-
sterson said that the communists must be annihilated and then the
situation would immediately change in our favioiur.

Prosecutor: Is this passage in your letter related to this
message? I shall read it. It is an important and interesting fact. In
the letter it is said: »Dear Commander. Very high and important
British officials have sent us a message telling us to liquidate the
communists as soon 'as possible. As soon as the communists are liqui-
dated the situation will changes

Defendant: What I said a short time ago was from memory,
but what as in the documents is the actual state of affairs.

Prosecutor: Was this your wording, at the time when ytou
received the message?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Bacovic and Lukacevic transmitted this message,

306

Defendant: There must be something about it in the documents.
I think fit will be brought out . . .* -

Prosecutor: It does not mean . that -this was a messag-e - from
the Yugoslav emigrants? >

Defendant: It is written on the document.

Prosecutor: Was 'that before or after .the departure of the
British Mission? . . - - - - -

Defendant: What?

Prosecutor: The message -that B.acovic and Lukacevic brought.

Defendant: Armstrong departed by the same plane that brought
Lufcacevic and Bacovic.

Prosecutor: On the same day?

Defendant: On the same day. ' -

Prosecutor: So from May 1944 you had no British Mitssion with
you? And, I repeat the word, why?

Defendant: I have thought about it, and I think that they had
not enough confidence in me. I think this question will come up
again.

Prosecutor: Was there any intervention by the government?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: And what did they say?

Defendant: That I should seek the support of the • western
powers.

Prosecutor: Did you answer this message from the government?

Defendant: I probably did.

Prosecutor: Was your answer affirmative or negative?

Defendant: I think I could not have written differently from
what I did. I think that my answer was affirmative."

* Prosecutor: All right. Ddd you have contact with foreign coun-
tries after that? After the departure of the British Mission?

'Defendant: There was wireless contact 'till the end.
* - Prosecutor: The end was in 1945. What do you mean?

Defendant: I had an uninterrupted wireless link with a British,
station. ' %

Prosecutor: What was the purpose of the link?

Defendant: We were sending them messages, they were receiving
them, but were sending -nothing to us.

Prosecutor: Why? * ' . " . , ..

- Defendant: That 'was their business, but they were receiving
them. There was a hitch for some time, but then they again came on*
the air every day and asked us to send them information. George
/- an American lieutenant, formerly -Serbian, -was -one of the

307

'first to arrive. Later I heard that Colonel McDowell would come.
He arrived, I think, .at the end of July 1944.

Prosecutor: Did he come tin July?

Defendant: I am not sure.

Prosecutor: Did you meet McDowell immediately?

Defendant: Not immediately.

Prosecutor: How long after?

Defendant: If McDowell came in July I could not have met
.him at once. Two -or three days must -have passed.

Prosecutor: Where did McDowell land?

Defendant: At Pranjani.

Prosecutor: And where were you?

Defendant: I was a little more to the west.

Prosecutor: Why were you there?

Defendant: I was busy and I did 'not want to inconvenience
McDowell by asking him to come there immediately, because the
Bulgarians were then leaving our country by order of the allies.

Prosecutor: Very well. And what did McDowell tell you when
you first met him?

Defendant: Colonel McDowell said: Your present situation is
difficult, but the future is yours.

Prosecutor: Did he explain this.

Defendant: It ds in the minutes, I can't remember it just now.

President: Are you tired?

Defendant: I am.

(10 minutes interval).

MCDOWELL TO MIHAILOVIC: »YOUR FIGHT AGAINST THE GER-
MANS DOES NOT INTEREST US, YOU HAVE TO KEEP YOUR
POSITION AMONG THE PEOPLE — I HAVE COME TO HELP YOU«

Prosecutor: How many days after McDowell's arrival did you
meet him?

Defendant: I don't know^ exactly, but it was soon after that.
Prosecutor: I must remind you of your statement at the exami-
nation: »We met two or three days later- on the Uzicka Kamenfica —
Kojina Gora road«. - "

Defendant: That's right.

Prosecutor; At the examination you mentioned three messages.
Repeat -them. • - ' -

Defendant: I can't say that they were given at the same time,
hut it may have been like this: »Germany has lost the war, your fight

20*

308

against the Germans does not interest us. You have to keep your
position among the people — I have come to help ypu.«

Prosecutor: Well?

Defendant; That is what I have to say.

Prosecutor: Did he say which of the allies would enter Yu-
goslavia?

Defendant; That was later.

Prosecutor And what did he tell you?

Defendant: They would come from two directions: one from
Greece and the other from Slovenia.

Prosecutor: Who?

Defendant: The Anglo-Americans.

Prosecutor: Did he say that your present situation was serious,
but that your future was absolutely sure?

Defendant; Yes. He and I were present -at public meetings in
Bosnia.

Prosecutor; You were present at meetings? Where?

Defendant: In various places. At a meeting with the Moslems
at Dvor.

Prosecutor: What did you say at this meeting, and what did
he say?

Defendant: We were raising the morale. We spoke a> lot about
friendship with the Moslems, because it was my main thesis: Rap-
prochement between Moslems and Orthodox.

Prosecutor: That was in 1944?

Defendant; Yes, in 1944.

Prosecutor: I shall remind yioiu of one passage an the minutes.
Is this correct? It is written in your records: »The following message
has been transmitted: The Russians in their advance will not enter
Yougoslavia«.

I Defendant: Yes, it is correct. He said: »When the Russians
appear on 'the frontier, and see our arrival, the Red Army will not
enter Yugoslavia.«

Prosecutor: And he told you to keep your position?

Defendant: Certainly; to keep our position.

Prosecutor: And whom would he have helped?
' Defendant; Me.

Prosecutor: Did he explain this to you? Did you ask him
questions? Did you show any interest? Why did he tell the Germans
that -they should surrender their arms only to you? Did he know that
the Partisans were flighting against the Germans?

Defendant: He $aiid: »I want to help you.«

309

Prosecutor: To 'help you?

Defendant: That is what he said: »I want to help you.«

Prosecutor: Well. When he said that you should keep your
position among the people, did he add: »The Russians are pract-
ical politicians; they will understand the situation in the country. . .«

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: And how did you understand -this?

Defendant: I understood it like this: -to keep one's position
among the people meant to act politically on the side of the Soviet
Union .also. Really my idea was to work with the people, which
meant a compromise between us and the Partisans. *

Prosecutor: Did he tell you that American young men were
not giving their lives in order that communism should get the upper
hand in Yugoslavia?

Defendant: He said at public meetings that communism should
not reign in Europe.

Prosecutor: Did he point out that he would help you only?
I shall read, and you will say whether it is true: »He said at the
meetings that America was helping exclusively me and my movement
in Yugoslavian.

'Defendant: Yes, that is so.

Prosecutor: What impression did McDowell make o*n you? Did
you take all bis statements seriously?

Defendant: Yes, I did, because he had authority. He could
negotiate with the Germans.

HOW SECRET LINKS WERE ESTABLISHED WITH THE
EMIGRANT GOVERNMENT

Prosecutor: Last time you said you had secret links with the
government, unknown to the British service. What was the first link?

Defendant: I established the first link with Cairo.

Prosecutor: With whom in Cairo?

Defendant: With Miiodrag Rafcic.

Prosecutor: Who established this contact and who brought the
cipher? Was it Baletic or somebody else?

Deiendarit: Perhaps. But I think that I established the contact
through Slijepcevic who had come earlier.

Prosecutor: That means that you had a secret link with the
government?

Defendant: It could not be entirely secret because it went
through Cairo. Nothing could be sent from Cairo, not even diplo-
matic mail. A secret code could not be used.

310

Prosecutor: Whom did you get this information from?

Defendant: From the parachutists who came to- us, and also
from telegrams.

Prosecutor: What was your second secret link with the emi-
grants?

Defendant: Would you please remind me of what I said at the
examination, if possible.

Prosecutor: You said that it was Jo-van Donovic and that he
had a wireless transmitter with him. Where was it?

Defendant: Wherever he moved.

Prosecutor: Arid what was his function in Egypt?

Defendant: He did not want to become a member of the go-
vernment. He kept aloof, but I was in contact with him.

Prosecutor: When was that; in 1945?

Cheque for £ 40.000 to be paid to • Mihdilbyic. • The cheque Is signed by Dr Juraj
Sutej, Minister of Finance in the emigrant government.

Defendant: No, it was earlier,- much earlier. But he could not
come iin 1943 when the parachutists came. 'He tried to do so in 1944.
Prosecutor: And your third link, .can you remember what it was?
Defendant: It was through Turkey.
Prosecutor: Was it a radio link?
Defendant: Yes, ;a radio link.
Prosecutor: With whom?

Defendant: With Senegalac. '

Prosecutor; Surname Petkovic.
Defendant: Petkovic.

311

Prosecutor: Where did Petkovic work?

Defendant: He was at -the Consul ate.

Prosecutor: In Istanbul or Ankara?

Defendant: I don't know, I think in Ankara.

Prosecutor: Whoi was the Minister in Ankara?

Defendant: Su-menkovic.

Prosecutor: Did Sumenkovic know about this link?

Defendant: It was without Sumenkovic's knowledge.

Prosecutor: Petkovic is not a great political figure.

Defendant: But he had good connections.

Prosecutor: With whom?

Defendant: With Cairo.

Prosecutor: With whom in Cairo?,

Defendant: With the military -representatives in Cairo, probably
with Rakic. But he did not have direct contact with Cairo; he had
to work it through the French.

Prosecutor: Who established your link with Ankara?

Defendant: I don't know. I think you'll find it in my statement.
[ had to think about it ,at the examination, too.

Prosecutor: Did you have a code for your link with Ankara?
. Defendant: Yes. .

Prosecutor: And your fourth link?

Defendant: It was in Italy.

Prosecutor: With whom?

Defendant: With Ciganovic, an -air-force officer.

Prosecutor: Ciganovic is not a politician. To whom did this
link lead?

Defendant: I think he worked with the centre where Rakic was.

Prosecutor: And your fifth link?

Defendant: The fifth link was with the American air-force. But,
I don't think I made myself clear; it was not entirely secret.

Prosecutor: Did you get anything through that contact?

Defendant: That link was established in connection with the
parachutists. But they also received ouir propaganda material
through it.

Prosecutor: It seems that you had unsupervised links with
the emigrant government? That is in contradiction with what you said
at the investigation.

Defendant: I don't know why it should be contradictory.

Prosecutor: During the first and second -days of your exami-
nation, yO'U declared that all your contacts were controlled by the
British service.

312

Defendant: That was .at the beginning.

Prosecutor: When did you establish these secret channels?

Defendant: In 1943 or at the end of 1942, but not before that.

Prosecutor: That is to say that until then you tad only one
channel?

Defendant: Only one, via Malta.

Prosecutor: That is, from 1943 onwards you had uncontrolled
links with the government? Could you -receive instructions?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Were the instructions which came directly through
the regular channel in contradiction to those received through the
secret channels? Did you notice, that the government sent through
the British link one kind of instructions and through the secret
link others?

Defendant: It is difficult to say, but I think not. I am not sure.

PILLARS OF MIHAILOVIC'S POLICY ABROAD

Prosecutor: Accused Mihailovic, which of the emigrants were
the pillars of yioiur policy? Who helped you most?

Defendant: I think Dr. Milan Gavrilovic and 2ivko Topalovic.

Prosecutor: He went .abroad later, but before that?

Defendant: Fotic, Slobodan Jovanbvic.

Prosecutor: And Radoje Knezeviic?

Defendant: Yes, Radoje Knezevic and 2ivan Knezevic.

Prosecutor: What did you think of Dr. Ninoie?

Defendant: I had no information about his ^activities.

Prosecutor: And Petar 2iivkovd<c?

Defendant: He helped 'also.

Prosecutor: Did you look on these men -as your chief supporters
abroad?

Defendant: I did.

Prosecutor: And Dr. Puric?

Defendant: Dr. Puric, too.

Prosecutor: Cain you remember when you first became Minister
of the Army and Navy?

Defendant: In January 1942.

Prosecutor: And Chief of Staff of the Supreme Command?

Defendant: That was in June.

Prosecutor: June 1942? Was it during Slobodan Jovanovid's
government?

Defendant: Yes.

313

Prosecutor: Did the government send you messages asking you
not to undertake premature actions, but to prepare your forces; and
did it give you the time when you should rise in arms?

Defendant: I was to wait for the capitulation of Germany or
the landing of the allies. Until then I was to organize. This concerned
the main action, but did not exclude other activities.

Prosecution: Did the government once ask your permission
to issue statement to the American press saying that you were not
cooperating with the invader?

Defendant: I don't remember.

Prosecutor: Did the government ask you to answer certain
questions concerning cooperation with the invader?

Defendant: I don't thdnk so.

Prosecutor: Dad the government know that your commanders in
Montenegro and Dalmatia were cooperating with the invader?

Defendant: They could have known of that from the British
service, if not from me.

Prosecutor: When did you establish direct contact with Fotic?

Defendant: In June 1943. When I retreated from Montenegro.

Prosecutor: Was Fotic your supporter in the USA?

Defendant: He was.

Prosecutor: Who helped him?

Defendant: 2ivan Knezevic and Captain Todorovic, who vi-
sited me.

Prosecutor: Did you know that Fotic was a relative of Nedic
and Ljotic?

Defendant: I didn't

Prosecutor: What messages did Fotic send you?

Defendant: I can't remember.

Prosecutor: What did you send Mm?

Defendant: Propaganda material .and reports. I could send him
telegrams in code, but propaganda was .sent openly.

Prosecutor: When did you succeed in establishing direct co-ntact
with Fotic?

Defendant: It was like this. I had Grbec with me. Who was a
radio amateur. I told him to do it. In 15 days he constructed
a transmitter which worked on short waves, on 16.19 m. He could
get all Yugoslavia, and perhaps -all Europe, with this set. He esta-
blished contacts through an agency, I think the United Press. I have
said .already that we used to listen to .agency broadcasts which gave
news iopenly. He succeeded in establishing contact; and after that

314

the contact was transferred to an American transmitter which was.
controlled by the American General Staff.

Prosecutor: Who wrote the propaganda material for Fotic?

Defendant: It was edited by ithe Central National Committee,,
and also by the propaganda department.

Prosecutor: Who gave the final touches to the broadcasts?1

Defendant: Grbec.

Prosecutor: He could do it from the technical point of view.
But did Dr. Durovic have anything to do with it?

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Defendant: Yes, Dr. Durovic. He had to do- it as secretary
of the Committee, The transmitter was stationary and could not be
moved from its place in Cacak.

Prosecutor: You mentioned a course in Serbian, in Cairo.

Defendant: I heard that there was a course for those Britishers
who were to take over the administration in Europe, that is, the
defeated countries. When I heard they were learning lonir language,
for our country, I considered it undesirable.

315

Prosecutor: Why were you surprised, and why did you think
it undesirable?

Defendant: I didn't like it because it implied a certain infe-
riority for us and the placing of our country on the same footing*
as the defeated countries.

Prosecutor: Why did you consider it offensive?

Defendant: In that case the country would have been admini-
strated by foreigners, like the colonies, for instance. 1 didn't like
it at all.

Prosecutor: Did you -protest against it?

Defendant: No.

Prosecutor: Please tell us whether Brigadier Armstrong wanted
iu bring about a reconciliation between you and the Partisans?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Did Brigadier Armstrong succeed?

Defendant: He didn't. But I asked ... It could not be taken
as a condition for a general 'agreement, but I asked that we should
net clash when we met. This was not possible without a special
agreement. So on December 23, 1943, I sent a letter asking the
British government to arrange a meeting between myself and a
representative of the Partisans, and I even named a place for the
meeting. It was somewhere in Sandzak.

Prosecutor: Were you ready at that moment to put an end to
the cooperation of your commanders with the invader?

Defendant: I could have done so. On January 3, I received
an answer from the British government .saying that it did not want
to mediate.

Prosecutor: And how did you take that?

Defendant: Both Armstrong and I were surprised.

Prosecutor: Was your organization the cause of this refusal?

Defendant: I don't think so.

Prosecutor: Was the collaboration of your commanders with
the invader the cause of the refusal?

Defendant: The explanation may have been that we were to
remain separated.

Prosecutor: You said that df the Partisans had stopped attacking
you, cooperation with the invader would have stopped too.

Defendant: Yes, and I could have consolidated my position, and
we would have been on an equal footing.

Prosecutor: Who -attacked whom in the Fourth Offensive?

Defendant: Datoatia was attacked before the Fourth Offensive,

316

Prosecutor: And who attacked Uzice in 1341?

Defendant: The Cetniks attacked it, and I told you why.

Prosecutor: Who ordered the attack on Cacak?

Defendant: After it came to a clash, negotiation became im-
possible.

Prosecutor: Is it true that the Cetniks were the first to attack
Uzice?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Is -it true that you ordered the Cetntik attack on
Cacak when the Partisans were not there, but were fighting at
Kraljevo?

Defendant: When the conflict broke out, it spread.

Prosecutor: It is true that the Cetniks were the first to attack
the Partisans at Cacak and at Uzice?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Do you admit that the Cetniks, with the help of
the Italians expelled the Partisans fro-m Montenegro?

Defendant: They did.

Prosecutor: Did the Italians remain in Montenegro?

Defendant: They remained only in the towns.

Prosecutor: Aren't the Montenegrin towns part of Montenegro?

Defendant: They are part of Montenegro.

Prosecutor: Did the Cetniks continue their collaboration with
the Italians in Montenegro -after that?

Defendant: They did.

Prosecutor: Did the Partisans force the Cetniks to> collaborate
with the Italians?

Defendant: No, they didn't.

VASIC, MOLJEVIC, 2UJOVIC, MEMBERS OF THE HIGHEST
POLITICAL BODY IN DRA2A MIHAILOVIC'S ORGANIZATION

Prosecutor: All right. Now your second thesis. Let us pass to
the Central National Committee. When was the first Central National
Committe of your organization founded and did you found it?

Defendant: The first Central National Committee was founded
because I wanted to share the responsibility, -and to prove that I
did not want to eistablish a dictatorship. When Dragissa Vasic came
to me, I don't remember exactly the day or 'month, bat it was during
the summer lof 1941, I told him of my ddea. He -agreed with me; but
.since be had no contact with men in the anterior of the country, he

317

proposed those of 'has friends and -acquaintances in Belgrade, whom
he knew to be good and reliable, tand they were accepted In the
first Central National Committee, whose principal members were
myself and Dragisa Vasic.

Prosecutor: What sort of people were in your Central National
committee?

Defendant: The first member was Dr. Vujanac.

Prosecutor: Where did he dive?

Defendant: He lived in Belgrade.

Prosecutor: Who were Vujanac's collaborators?

Defendant: One of the most important was Vlasta Petkovic.
Then there were Nikola Stojanovic and Slijepcevic. I said this -at the
investigation. I can't remember the others.

Prosecutor: You can't remember. And Stranjakovic, professor
of Belgrade University?

Defendant: Yes, Stranj.akovic was one,

Prosecutor: Arid when did Moljevic come to you?

Defendant: Dr. Moljevic came in 1942.

Prosecutor: With whom .did he come into contact?

Defendant: First with Dragisa Vasic; then he came to me.

Prosecutor: And when did Moljeviic and Dragisa Vasic come
to you?

Defendant: "They came to Montenegro when I called them in
late Autumn 1942. >.

Prosecutor: And when did Dr. 2ujovic join you?

Defendant: He joined me immediately. He was on Ravna Gora.

Prosecutor: Was he on Ravna Gora loir in Belgrade?

Defendant: He was on Ravna Gora for some time, and then
he left for Belgrade.

Prosecutor: What was Mladen 2ujovic's profession?

Defendant: I think he was a lawyer.

Prosecutor: When Moljevic and Vasic came officially to- you,
did they take part in the discussion of questions concerning" your
organization?

Defendant: Vasic was interested mostly in military questions.
Dr. Moljevic was more absorbed by the question of Bosnia, and the
working out of statistics. That kept him very busy. I don't know
if he was interested in military questions. But I know that he was
chiefly interested in Bosnia, especially in Bosnian Krajina, be-
cause he lived in that region and was well acquainted with its sta-
tistics concerning nationalities. Even before the war he published

318

,a book on Vrbaska Banovina and its backwardness. 2ujovic was
there .too.

Prosecutor: What did the 'three of them, Vasic, Moljevic and
Zujovic, represent in the National Committee?

Defendant: The Executive of the; National Committee.

Prosecutor: Was it the highest political body?

Defendant: Certaiinly.

Prosecutor: And the Supreme Command? Was it the highest
military body?

Defendant: Yes, it wa/s.

Prosecutor: Were you at the head of the Supreme Command?

Defendant: Yes, I was.

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Report from Dobrosav Jevdevic to Mihailovic on his talk with general Roata, supreme
commander of the Italian troops in the Balkans,

Prosecutor: Was there close collaboration between the
Central Committee, as the highest political body, and the Supreme
Command, as the highest military body?

Defendant: Yes. They were two parallel instruments of the
same t organization.

- Prosecutor: Please, tell me who determined -the policy towards
the Partisan movement at that time?

Defendant: I think Vasic. He wrote articles about it That
was on Ravna Cora. : • . • ., :

Prosecutor: Did you .accept "his line of policy? Did you, Mo-
ljevic -and 2ujovic discuss it?

Defendant: I was too busy;with other -questions. -Military matters.

319

Prosecutor: What military matters?

Defendant: In connection with organization. The organization
had to be created. It meant a great deal of work. I let -them deal
jvith this question. Dragisa Vasic was doing most of the work. He
was too much of a martinet for others to dare oppose him. Trifles
offended him. He was even vain.

Prosecutor: And what was his line of policy concerning the
Partisans?

Defendant: The most severe.

Prosecutor: Dad the Central" National Committee get telegrams
in one or two copies? Was there one for the Supreme Command?

Defendant: Telegrams from the interior usually arrived in two
copies. One copy for the Central Committee and the "other for me,
but it was not -always so. It was only when we were at Upovo.

Prosecutor: And so members of the Central Committee were
also acquainted with the situation dn the country?

Defendant: Yes, in general, as they also got a copy, while we
read the foreign telegrams together.

Prosecutor: Did you write the answers together?

Defendant: We did. If it was a military question I wrote it.
On other important que-stions we wrote the answers together.

Prosecutor: Was there ever, at any moment, a conflict between
you and Moljevic on matters of organization, or military and political
questions, or general questions pertaining to your respective work
and the whole organization?

Defendant: Dragisa Vasic had a conflict with me on a personal
matter, not connected with the organization.

1 Prosecutor: How about military and political questions and
questions of the whole organization?

'Defendant: There was >ruo< conflict. Vasic quarreled later with
Moljevic and for that reason he did not want to work any more.

Prosecutor: When reading the dispatches, did Moljevic or any-
body else protest against the collaboration of your commanders
with the invader?

Defendant; They saw it,, like myself, after they came to Mon-
tenegro.

Prosecutor: Did Vasic -and Moljevdc -go to Kolasin.

. Defendant: They did. . , ,

Prosecutor: Then they knew as well as yioiu did that there was
Collaboration? „ " • .

Defendant: Yes, they did. . . . - ;

320

WHAT LED TO BA CONGRESS

Prosecutor: After that personal conflict between you and Vasic,
who did the most important work in the organization?

Defendant: After the congress held at Ba, where three more
members were elected to the Central National Committee, one to
two months passed and then I called 2ivko Topalovic, Dragisa Vasic
and Dr. Moljevic and itold them that they had not carried out the
decision of the congress to enlarge their committee. Vasic then told
me that he thought that I should protect him from Moljevic and I
answered: »Excuse me, but such things -should not happen among
intellectuals, and I see no reason to meddle in this affair«. Then he
got up, and refused to take any further part in the work. The
Central National Committee wafs {immediately enlarged. Thirty new
members were elected. It was enlarged and Kujundzic became the
head of the committee. But he died suddenly at <a meeting. He had
continued to work, although the doctor had forbidden it.

! Prosecutor: Did it happen when he heard that the Russians had
crossed the Danube?

Defendant: That is an absolute misstatement. Who said so?

Prosecutor: Mulalic said so.

Defendant: It is absolutely untrue. Kujundzic had been unwell
for a long time and was lying ill in the neighbourhood of Kiosjeric.
A special doctor came from Belgrade to look after him, but he
returned to his work at the Central National Committee, in spite of
being forbidden to do so, and died at the meeting.

Prosecutor: When did the preparations for the Ba congress start?

Defendant: After the arrival of 2,ivko Topalovic, and the repre-
sentatives of certain political parties from Belgrade.

Prosecutor: Was the congress held on yo-ur initiative and yours
alone?

Defendant: No, not mine alone. I considered at the beginning
that the political parties were compromised in the country, and did
not even dare to mention them to the people. But during the war
many visitors came to me from Belgrade and more were coming
every day; so I came to the 'Conclusion that it would be possible to
carry out this idea.

Prosecutor: Did anyone else suggest the holding of the congress?

Defendant: Yes, the emigrant government also suggested it.

Prosecutor: Did the second session of the Aniti-Fascist Council
of the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNOJ) held at Jajce,
inspire you to hold this congress?

321

Defendant: Not me, but perhaps the (politicians. I never wanted
to be represented as >a onan who wished to be a dictator. That was
one of the reasons for ordering this congress, and the second reason
was to share responsibility.

Prosecutor: You said at 'the investigation. »Xhe Jajce session
on the one hand, the message of the emigrant government on the
other, and proposals made by politicians . . .«

Defendant: I absolutely agree with -this statement.

Prosecutor: Do you stick to it?

Defendant: I do.
! Prosecutor: When did. Zivktoi Topalovic come to you?

Defendant: I do not know. I put off the congress in order to
give time to men to come from various regions, to make arrange-
ments at railway stations where they were to arrive, to arrange for
their reception, and choose the place of meeting. May be he came
to me in middle December and left to me to choose -the day for
the men to gather. I think that January 27 was fixed.

Prosecutor: Sadnt Sava's day?

Defendant: It was called the St. Sava Congress, but it lasted
for four or five days.

BELGRADE POLITICIANS OFFER THEIR SERVICES AND BISHOP
NIKOLAJ GIVES HIS BLESSING TO THE FIGHT AGAINST THE

PARTISANS

Prosecutor: From what time did you cooperate with 2ivko
Topalovic? i

Defendant: I don't know, it may have been -somewhat earlier.

Prosecutor: Perhaps the Belgrade organization brought you
into touch with him?

Defendant: Perhaps so. It may have brought him into contact
with me.

Prosecutor: In Belgrade there were many political gnoiups.
Which groups agreed to take part in the congress?

Defendant: We refused to admit the followers of the Yugoslav
Radical Union. The groups were represented as follows: the repre-
sentative of the radicals of Aca Stanojevic was HopSa.

Prosekutor: Which Kopsa, Dr. Kopsa?

Defendant: I think Dr. Kopsa.

Prosecutor: Go on.

Defendant: The representative of the Independent Democrats
was Saca.

Prosecutor: Aleksandar Saca Popovdc?

322

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: And when did Adam Pribicevic come?

Defendant: I 'think that Adam was at the congress. He also
belonged to the Independent Democrats. Brana Ivkovic represented
the democrats, Aleksandar Aksentijevdc represented the Yugoslav Na-
tionalist Party. There were others but I can't remember them.

Prosecutor: And Dr. Kumanudi?

Defendant: He was rejected.

Prosecutor: Did he offer his services?

Defendant: I received one thousand offers.

Prosecutor: From where?

Defendant: From Belgrade.

Prosecutor: Among them Dr. Laza Markovtic?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: For what purpose?

Defendant: That we should .send him abroad to help our cause.

Prosecutor: And why was Laza Markiovdc refused?

Defendant: I refused him because he was compromised in
public life.

Prosecutor: How?

Defendant: I don't know. I know that there was a scandal in
Parliament, and that he was to be tried in Court.

Prosecutor: For the Nasice affair, perhaps?

Defendant: I don't know exactly; some affair. I only knew
that he had the reputation of being an excellent jurist.

Prosecutor: Go on.

Defendant: I (received a report from Veljia Popovdc. And 1
think that Kumanudi had something to do with it. It was a ridiculous
mixture of everything.

Prosecutor: How?

Defendant: As far as I can remember, there were two or three
plans about what should be done if Germany won, and what should
be done if the Allies won. I don't know about the Soviet Union.

Prosecutor: What was his solution in case of a German victory?

Defendant: Nedic.

Prosecutor: And in case of an Allied victory?

Defendant: Myself.

Prosecutor: And what was his third plan?

Defendant: I don't know. I was receiving masses of reports,
.The report was ridiculous.

Prosecutor: Did his plan anticipate the existence of Yugo-
slavia in case of a German victory?

323

Defendant I can't remember.

Prosecutor: Why did he send it to you?

Defendant: For a man like me, who was not interested in poli-
tics, it was ridiculous. He was doing everything possible to »gate-
crash« our political organization.

Prosecutor: And you dad not agree?

Defendant: No.

Counsel for the Defence (Joksimovic): Who was gate-crashing?
Who wanted to enter at all costs?

Defendant: Velja Popovic, They had a (meeting in Belgrade at
somebody's place.

Prosecutor: Were Kiopsa and Brana Ivkovic present? Who re-
presented the Agrarians?

Defendant: There were many.

Prosecutor: Sredoje Brkic?
Defendant: Brkic was killed by the Ustasas.

Prosecutor: What party did he belong to? •

Defendant: He belonged to Gav-rilovic's Agrarian party.

Prosecutor: Was there anybody else?

Defendant: There were many others.

Prosecutor: You received large numbers of letters fro-m po-
liticians?

Defendant: Yes, large numbers.

Prosecutor: Please say actually from whom.

Defendant: I can't remember,

Prosecutor: Did you get any letters from the clergy?

Defendant: I got only one letter from Bishop Nikolaj.

Prosecutor: And from wham else?

Defendant: Prom the Patriarch.

Prosecutor: Which?

Defendant: Patriarch Gavrilo.

Prosecutor: When?

Defendant: I got dt when he was in Ljubostinja. I wrote to him
while they were together at Vojlovica near Pancevo.

Prosecutor: Did you get anything fnoan Josiif?

Defendant: I don't know whether I got anything, but I sent
Budimir Sokolovic, a priest, to him.

Prosecutor: Did you ask for political support?

Defendant: On the contrary.

Prosecutor: How, on the contrary?

21*

324

Defendant: I never asked that the Church, which was under
the Germans should help me. I iomly 'asked that it should give me
priests who would be in my charge.

Prosecutor: Did that priest come back to you to report?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Was the result favourable?

Defendant: To tell you the truth, I can't remember. I did not
ask from- our Church, which was officially under the Germans, any-
thing but to allow me to have what I needed; that is to send unem-
ployed priests to me into Serbia.

Prosecutor: And what did Nikola] tell you?

Defendant: Nikolaj was 'against the communists.

Prosecutor: What message did he send you? Did he bless your
fight against the Partisans?

Defendant: Yes.

THE ROLE OF MLADEN ZUJOVIC AT SPLIT: »I SHALL ASK THE
ITALIAN ARMY FOR AT LEAST 20.000 RIFLES . . .«

Prosecutor: Accused Mihailovid, how long was Mladen 2ujovic
at your headquarters?

Defendant: Mladen 2ujovic left me to go to Ostrog. That was
in May.

Prosecutor: What was his job?

Defendant: He was to. go to Dalmatia and change the old line
of policy, which was wrong, and make the >Uiniits there independent
of the Italians. That was his chief purpose in going. He was ,a .member
of the Central National Committee, and ia reserve lieutenant-colonel.

Prosecutor: While in Dalmatia did he follow in the footsteps of
Ilij-a Bircanin?

Defendant: I don't know. I have no data.

Prosecutor: You answered -this question at the investigation.

Defendant: He tried ...

Prosecutor: Certain letters were shown to you at the inve-
stigation.

Defendant: I didn't read them.

Prosecutor: You stated then . . . Did you know that he met the
Italian army commander at Split?

Defendant: I didn't .know.

Prosecutor: And that he met Stigo, commander of an Italian
division?

Defendant: I cain't say, because I have <no data.

325

Prosecutor: All right, I shall help you. You told the examining
magistrate the following: »He had to do it, I knew him well and
he did what I told him. His chief task was to shake off -the Italians,
because - Jevdevic and Bircanin had gone too far in their collabor-
ation with the Italians.*

Defendant: It was his chief task.

Prosecutor: But I have a letter here which was shown to you
during the investigation. (Turning to the President). Let him identify
the "signature. I shall read just a few passages. (Showing the letter
to the defendant Mihailovic).

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Do you remember? This letter was in your hands.
Do you remember its contents ?

Defendant: I think I do.

President: Whose letter is it?

Defendant: Mladen 2ujovic's.

President: Whom was it sent to?

Prosecutor: It was sent to ... »My esteemed and dear Cica«.
The letter is dated »SplitJ August 6, 1943«. It will be read fully whe-n
the documents are submitted. But let us clear up the events mentioned
in the letter. (Reads passages from the letter sent by Mladen iu-
jovic to Mihailovic describing the situation he found at Split). Now,
who is Dr. Racic.

Defendant: A very old doctor.

Prosecutor: What was his reputation? Did you know Dr. Racic
and his work?

Defendant: I knew what he was doing. He sent me a letter,
I knew he was -about 70 years old.

Prosecutor: (Continues to read* Mladen Zujovic's letter and
then asks the defendant): Were you in contact with the Split head-
quarters?

Defendant: Yes. But until that man went there we did not
know what was going on.

Prosecutor: Did you exchange correspondence with Blazo Du-
kanovic about the transfer of the body of Ilija Birca»niin from Split
to Ostrog Monastery?

Defendant: I don't remember.

Prosecutor: Do you remember that you told him that the body
should be taken to Kotor by ship, if possible by war-ship?

Defendant: I? Never.

Prosecutor: Well, all right, we shall come back to this. I shall
show you some documents that refer to it. Now let us go on ...

326

(Continues to read Mladen Zujovic's letter. Vilovic is mentioned).
Is that the accused Vilovic?

Defendant: No, certainly not. It can't be that Vilovic.

Prosecutor: Vilovic, that is what is written.

Defendant: No.

Prosecutor: Vilovic. Perhaps it is some other Vilovic? Per-
haps this is another, unknown person.

Defendant: Perhaps: he did -not pay attention to the name,
think that Bircanin was in favour of the Greater Serbia idea.

Prosecutor: What was Bircanin's pan-Serbian plan?

Defendant: I didn't understand it. It was a come-down.

Prosecutor: Did it mean dismemberment of Yugoslavia? Did
Fotic speak in favour of this plan in America?

Defendant: I don't know. It was a come-down, it was getting
something smaller for something bigger.

Prosecutor: Did you support this idea at the beginning?

Defendant: I had to give lessons to my officers.

Prosecutor: Did Vasic support this idea? Try to remember.

Defendant: I could mot say.

Prosecutor: (Holding Zujovic's letter in his hand); Please explain
this. (Reads): »I said that the Macek followers had decided to put
all their formations under our command. I think they were ordered
to do this by the government in London, and they proposed it after
their meeting with me. But they are very weak in this region, as
almost all their troops have gone over to the Partisans . . .« Do
you remember Zujovic's dealings with the Macek followers?

Defendant: I do. '

Prosecutor: Who were the persons in Split who worked with
the Macek men?

Defendant: It is difficult to remember.

Prosecutor: You said . . .

Defendant: I have forgotten.

Pnoisecutor: Try to remember. A committee w>as formed in Split.
A civilian staff.

Defendant: I don't know what group the doctor who came
to me belonged to. He came very often. The statement o;f that doctor
should be submitted.

Prosecutor: (Reading): »Sub-Committee at Split — Dr. Niko
Bartulwic, Zvonko Simunovic, Marko Stoj>anac a well-known Serbian,
Vlade Matosic, Dujo Ivanisevic, Niko Marko, bank director, Acim
Cavlin business man, JOTO Margetic, chemist, a Serbian, Roko Culic,
business man, Zvonko Murat, civil servant, Vjekoslav Laius, former

327

:acsimile of fetter from Rasa (Captain Ivanisevic) to Zaharija Ostojic on the result
of the commander's (Bircanin's) visit to the Italians in Susak.

328

director and Ivo Cicin-Sain ... — who did everything, financed
everything, a .personal friend who carried out every kind of task, —
the general secretary of the committee Dr. Nenad Grizogono, son
of Dr. Prvislav, >an excellent man in -all respects, who served as staff
liaison officer . . . The aim of the committee was to rehabilitate the
Cetniks by propaganda activity, and to help the formation of a military
organization in Split and Dalmatia. It was my advisory body, and
helped me to finance other executive bodies, like the committee for
supplies, finance . . .« etc.

Defendant: I wanted to curb -the commanders every one of
which pursued his own high policy, by introducing something like
political commissars. With that end in view, it was decided to send the
members of the Central Committee to form provincial committees.
Mladen 2ujovic tried to form the provincial committee for Dalmatia.

Prosecutor: Do you know the names that I have just read?

Defendant: Yes I do.

Prosecutor: Was Cicin-Sain a minister in the Puric govern-
ment — minister of finance?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: And when he left, did he leave with 2ujovic?

Defendant: Yes, I think so.

Prosecutor: By ship?

Defendant: Probably.

Prosecutor: An Italian ship?

Defendant: Probaibly.

Prosecutor: Please explain -again. This committee was to be a
provincial committee for Dahnatia.

Defendant: I think so. A provincial committee cannot exist
unless approved by the central committee.

Prosecutor: That is clear. But a delegation of the National
Committee represents the Supreme Command. It was united. Let
us see another passage of this letter. Here dt iis. 2ujovic writes to
you: »As I informed you by telegram, I have asked the Italians for
supplies, and the day after tomorrow I am going to their army to
try to get at least 20.000 rifles, in order to arm the men I am holding
at Eniin, who <a<re .armed with pitch-forks and spades.« Did Mladen
2ujovic collaborate with the invader?

Defendant: Yes. But m his letter he shows what role he had.

Prosecutor: But the fact is that he cooperated with the invader,
isn't it?

Defendant: It is.

329

RELATIONS WITH THE POLISH EMIGRANTS

Prosecutor: There was a question -of an .active Polish officer.
Do you know about dt?

Defendant: I think I he.ard about it. But I didn't see it in the
evidence.

Prosecutor: Did they send you officers to Yugoslavia from
.abroad? Polish officers?

Defendant: There was one in Homolje.

Prosecutor: From Anders' army?

Defendant: He was in Homolje. I remember now. I had a link
through Istanbul with Poland. I hadn't remembered it before.

Prosecutor: Through Istanbul?

Defendant: Yes, through Istanbul with Poland.

Prosecutor: With whom did you have contact an Poland?

Defendant: I can't remember. Two or three links of the English
chain with Poland were on our territory.

Prosecutor: It was not your channel?

Defendant: No, it wasn't my channel, but I was getting letters
from Poland.

Prosecutor: So you were a link in that chain?

Defendant: Yes, I w,as. Through that channel I got a long list
of Poles.

Prosecutor: The Turkish consul who was here during the war
tendered you great services?

Defendant: Yes, he did.

Prosecutor: What was his name?

Defendant: I don't know.

Prosecutor: And what did he do for you?

Defendant: He .served as liaison. x

Prosecutor: Did you come into contact with him personally
or how?

Defendant: I don't know if it was the Belgrade organization
•which came into contact with him, or somebody else. But the Turkish
consul offered himself for liaison.
I Prosecutor: Did he carry madl?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: To whom did he deliver At in Istanbul?

Defendant: To various addresses.

Prosecutor: Was it addressed to Peric?

330

Defendant: At the investigation I was repeatedly asked whether
Peric w>as permanently in my service. I did mot say that he was per-
manently in my service or that he had contact with me. I gave the
addresses of those for whom the mail was intended. I did not know
about Peric. 1 had in Turkey only Petkoviic-Senegalac.

2IVKO TOPALOVIC DRAFTS THE BA RESOLUTION

Prosecutor: Let us come back to .the congress. Was there any
socialist present a<t the congress?

Defendant: Yes, 2ivko.

Prosecutor: And who else?

Defendant: Milorad Belie.

Prosecutor: When was the Central National Committee formed?

Defendant: It was formed in June.

Prosecutor: The beginning of the summer?

'Defendant: Yes, in June.

Prosecutor: Did you contribute to the drawing up of the reso-
lution adopted by the congress, did you (make remarks about the teixt?

Defendant: I had to conciliate others.

Prosecutor: Between whom was there friction?

Defendant: Between the Ravna Go>ra movement and the poli-
tical parties.

Prosecutor: Were there personal conflicts?

Defendant: No.

Prosecutor: Who were the persons through whom the conflict
was expressed?

Defendant: Moljevic and Dragisa Vasic. Dragisa Vasic was the
most difficult. He quarrelled with 2ivko Topalovic . . .

Prosecutor: Who wrote the draft of the resolution?

Defendant: A smaller committee, representing all political
parties.

Prosecutor: Was the resolution written dn Belgrade? And
brought by 2ivko Topalovic?

Defendant: 2ivko brought the text.

Prosecutor: What did he say? Was it his personal text or that
of the political parties in Belgrade?

Defendant: I think of aM the political parties in Belgrade.

Prosecutor: How long did the committee meeting last?

Defendant: The committee meeting lasted one or two days.

Prosecutor: Who was present?

331

Defendant: At this meeting, I, Vasic and Moljevic -represented
the Ravna Gora movement and Zivko Topalovic, Brana Ivkovic and
Saca the political parties.

Prosecutor: Do you remember who else was present at the
preliminary conference at Ba?

Defendant: Yes, at the preliminary conference.

Prosecutor: Were you present at this preliminary conference?
j Defendant: I was.

Prosecutor: Do you remember, who else was present at the
preliminary conference?

Defendant: Those I mentioned.

Prosecutor: Were decisions made at Oraovica, or at the con-
ference! at Ba?

Defendant: At the meeting at Oraovica. The question was
whether to hold the congress and whom to invite. I asked for a delay,
because time was needed for organization and the travelling of the
delegates. But a conflict broke out, and I had to settle it.

Prosecutor: Was there agreement between you and the Cen-
tral Committee on bask and essential questions?

Defendant: The Central Committee, and even the Belgrade
Committee, were against the congress. The Central Committee consi-
dered that it should remain as it was. But I was of the opinion that
it should not (remain as it was, but should be enlarged by the addition
of members of all parties.

Prosecutor: To( become wider?

Defendant: Yes, to become wider.

Prosecutor: Were leading members of all parties invited?

Defendant: There were Croats and Moslems of Yugoslav sym-
pathies and representatives of the Slovenes.

Prosecutor: What Croats were there?

Defendant: Predavec.

Prosecutor: And Moslems?

Defendant: The Moslem delegate was Mulalic. And the Slo-
vene ... I can't remember. But he was one of the Slovenes who lived
as a refugee in Serbia.

Prosecutor: Did you know what kind of organization Yu-
gtxras was?

Defendant: I did.

Prosecutor: And which of its representatives came to you?

Defendant: Dragan Golub and Mitic.

Prosecutor: Did certain political groups in Belgrade protest

332

Defendant: No. As soon as M'itic and Golub arrived, Moljevic,
who was well acquainted with labour questions, asked them about
their activity in Yugoslavia. Moljevic learnt that Dragisa Cvetkovic
was their president, and that they had thrown him out before his
downfall — that is while Dragisa was still in power. Moljevic had
the idea of inviting other workers' representatives, and they were
invited.

Prosecutor: Did Jova Jaksic come?

Defendant: Yes he came too.

Prosecutor: Did Jaksic protest because you reoeliveid the Yu-
goras delegation? Captain Jovanovic is going to read you a letter;
listen to it, and say whether you remember it

Captain Jovanovic, deputy prosecutor: (Reading): »To Draza
Mihailovic, Army general. Dear General, I am writing to you personally
as a friend who is taking part in the same national work, because
I consider that it is the best way properly and quickly to liquidate
the situation which has suddenly arisen, and which is of primary
moral and political significance, not only for us personally, but
for the YDNZ as a whole. I refer to the appearance of the workers1
movement under the 'name of Narap, led by Ljubomir Mitic/ iand
Andrija Miljikovic. I heard about this movement a few days ago, when
its bulletin No. 1. of August 4 appeared, and its newspaper » Voice
of the Ravna Gona workers' movement* came into our hands, as well
as a placard, which is being distributed in Belgrade and which is
signed by the central committee of the Ravna Gora workers' movement.
From these publications, it can be seen that last year a national wor-
kers' movement was founded under the title of »Ravna Gora wor-
kers' movement*, and that the leaders of this movement are Ljubomir
Mitic and Andrija Miljkovic, and that you personally received on
July 29 a delegation from the presidency of this movement, and that
you agreed, as they say in their bulletin, that the Narap should hav/e,
its permanent delegate in -the Central Committee of the YDNZ«.

Prosecutor: Is this true?

Defendant: It is true. They pushed their way in. It was a poli-
tical matter, which was the business of the Central Committee. Dr/.
Moljevic knows this best. They came to us -and I received them. I re-
ceived everybody. I did not receive them as the leaders of the wor-
kers' movement.

Prosecutor: Who was the permanent representative, do you
remember?

Defendant: Dragan Golub. But he was not with us. Dr. Mo-
ljevic did not want to see him.

333

Prosecutor: What does YDNZ mean?

Defendant: Yugoslav Democratic People's Union, a coalition
of the Ravna Gora movement and the political parties formed at the
Ba congress. There was some dispute on this question, but I stopped it.

Prosecutor: The Ba congress represented the founding of a
coalition of the Ravna Gora movement and the political parties, based
on a common programme? We shall speak of this during the sub-
mission of documents.

TADIJA SONDERMAJER — LINK FOR POLITICAL "TALKS
WITH MACEK FOLLOWERS

Prosecutor: Do you know this handwriting?

Defendant: (examining the handwriting) I can't say exactly,
»Milos« is written here. Yes, it is his handwriting. It is Colonel Bailey's.

Prosecutor: Did you get money from Istanbul through your own
channels?

Defendant: No, I did not ask for any. The first time I received
money was in 1941. It is difficult to be precise about the time. I spoke
of it at the investigation. I got 900.000 dinars. Nikolajevic, I forget
his first name, handed me 400.000.

Prosecutor: Did Colonel Bailey look after your supplies?

Defendant: He did, also.

Prosecutor: Yesterday when the President asked about the
letter from Brasic, the lawyer, you said that somebody had obtained
this letter fraudulently.

Defendant: I am convinced of it.

Prosecutor: Who committed the fraud? Not I?

Defendant: No.

Prosecutor: Somebody near you?

Defendant: Possibly.

Prosecutor: What kind of people had you around you if they
could commit such & fraud?

Defendant: The people around me were like that, as was proved
at the end. They were very unsatisfactory. My first collaborators
were the officers that came from Cairo. That group was against
Bora Mirkovic and the policy of Dusan Simovdc, the Prime Minister.
Bora Mirkovic knew that I had taken part in the preparation for
the events of March 27, and on one occasion he declared that he
would do everything I told him. The officers that came later wene

334

all against Bora Mirkovic, after the fall of Dusan Simovic. It was
like that. Everybody did what he liked.

Prosecutor: You mentioned colonel Bjelanic, a Macek man?

Defendant: Bjelanic was a cavalry officer. He came to me in
Serbia in 1943. As he had no identity card, he came dressed in the
uniform of the Croatian Peasant Defence, and brought a photograph
which showed him standing near Dr. Macek.

Prosecutor: Was he Dr. Macek's personal secretary?

Defendant: I don't know.

Prosecutor: Did he come to establish collaboration between
you and him?

Defendant: Yes, to establish collaboration.

Prosecutor: Political?

Defendant: I asked for military collaboration.

Prosecutor: And they preferred political collaboration?

Defendant: Yes, political.

Prosecutor: What was the subject of your talks with Bjelanic?

Defendant: As a soldier I shall speak only of the most im-
portant things. We suggested to Bjelanic that there should be
formed . . .

Prosecutor: Did you want them to be under your command?

Defendant: To recognize my command, but to have their own.
I thought of General Avgust Martic.

Prosecutor: Did you have contact through Tadija Sondermajer?

Defendant: Through Tadija Sondermajer I was in contact with
the Croats. And he was at the headquarters at Obreoovac.

Prosecutor: Did you place Tadija Sondermajer under the
letter »Z«?

Defendant: I did. I heard that he had collaborated with the
Germans.

Prosecutor: And was your information wrong?

Defendant: Later I received assurances that he had not colla-
borated.

Prosecutor: And when you got those assurances, you took him
off the »Z« list and he became your link with Macek?

Defendant: He was not even taken off.

Prosecutor: But it was not carried out. It is interesting that
you took off the »Z« list men who collaborated with the Germans,
so that they suffered nothing, but as for those who fought against

335

the invader, you did not even put them on the letter »Z« list, but took
off their heads. Perhaps you put them also on the »Z« list?

Defendant: I don't believe that anybody was put on this list.
"The BBC announced the names of those who were put on the »Z« list

240 0£ 11 TTOa: II'peTcesHiiyy jyrocjroBeHOK'?

Rpol 240 0£ 11 TTOa: II'peTcesHiiyy yrocjroBeHOK'? BJiase.
Besa Bam dpo] lol.y jawyapy yxsafceHa seaa o -Ma CKOBOM opranH
oM npewo oeicpeTapa Ma^eKOBor flp.lliraTepoBifka.AaTa MV vnyTOTBa
3a pafl K saflaTaK.fisncaKBa atopqa HKJB aanaasHa AO CKOpo.Cazia nan
Tsa XpsaTa y x/^y 3^^ nT>7KynjkiBa sa HOTOMKIT »^OHT*
xpaaTOKa aojcKa y BOOEM H? do^H-c® ITPOTMB <reTH*Ka aen
H '

"From the telegram files of the emigrant government: Report to Slobodan Jovanovic
about contact established with Dr. Macek.

PREPARATIONS FOR THE BURIAL OF THE TRAITOR BIRCANIN

AS A SAINT

Prosecutor: Is it true that you were the Gommander-in- Chief
In the Fourth Offensive?

Defendant: Yes, for the entire country.

Prosecutor: Did you receive reports every day?

Defendant: I got reports, but not all of them. Ostojic was re-
sponsible for the entire service relating to the region where the ope-
rations took place.

Prosecutor: That means that you insist on your statement that
your commanders did not carry out your orders?

Defendant: I said that they did when they liked.

Prosecutor: How many commanders had you?

Defendant: There were plenty of them.

Prosecutor: How is it that all of them seem to have had the
.same policy?

Defendant: They were defending their terrain.

Prosecutor: How did they arrive at their uniform policy of col-
laboration with the invader?

Defendant: It was not my policy.

Prosecutor: How did you succeed dn attracting such people to
you — traitors and nothing but traitors . . .

Defendant: I don't know.

Prosecutor: (continuing) . . . all mixed up in collaboration with
the invader? Do you personally feel any responsibility for this?

336

Defendant: I couldn't check it.

Prosecutor: You were War Minister, Minister of the emigrant
government, Chief of Staff of the Supreme Command. What kind of
organization was it when you had no power to see that your own
orders were carried out?

Defendant: I couldn't do everything.

Prosecutor: In the decisive stage of this war were you able to
keep your commanders from collaborating with the invader?

Defendant: I was not. The more difficult the circumstances
grew, the less I was able to do so. I would have done so, if I had
not been so impeded.

President: Accused Mihailovic, now explain the following situ-
ation ... It is a question of the Drtna front. Was there any possibility
of a clash betwen Cetniks and Italians on this front in April?

Defendant: There could be no clash because of the Partisan
attack . . . That is why ... If this attack had not taken place, I should
have been able to improve the situation there.

President: Your letter says: »Receive them well«. What does
Receive them well« mean?

Defendant: I mentioned that in my explanation of the situation.

Prosecutor: Was this collaboration?

Defendant: There was one battalion in a fortified position.
This was a very strong point, and I believe that this fortification
still exists today.

Prosecutor: Did you intend to attack them?

Defendant: I was not able to. That was on the Drina, and we
had decided to defend the entrance to Sandzak,

President: The letter 'says: » Yesterday they helped well «

Please explain who this refers to? Who was hdping whom? Telf us
briefly.

Defendant: The Italians with their artillery held one part of
the -sector and no-body could approach it. The Italian artillery was
supporting the defence of the Drina.

President: Whom did the Italian artillery help?

Defendant: The Cetnifcs.

President: That means that the Italians were helping the Cet-
niks. Did you ask for this? Was that collaboration, or have you an-
other word for it?

Defendant: I have. It was, I considered, a temporary intrigue.

President: Please answer: Was it collaboration, or have you
got another word for it?

337

Defendant: I had this other word.

President: Let us get the terminology right. Collaboration?

Defendant: No.

President: Parallel action.

Defendant: It might be that

President: What was it in this actual case: » Yesterday they
helped well«? You said that the Italians were helping the Cetniks.
Collaboration, tacit collaboration, or parallel action?

Defendant: Tacit1 collaboration.

President: I am satisfied.

Prosecutor: How was Jevdevic decorated?

Defendant: With the Karadjordje Star. But that was earlier.

Prosecutor: Was he decorated?

Defendant: He was.

Prosecutor: Did the emigrant government inform you that
Jevdevic was collaborating with the Italians?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: And did you reply that he was not collaborating?

Defendant: At that time I thought that he was not collaborating.

Prosecutor: Here is a telegram dated February 13, 1943: »Ra-
"kocevic came to me, and before that he was with General Du-
"kanovic. Both agreed that Vojvoda Bircanin should be transported
to the Cathedral at Niksic, in which there was an empty .sarcophagus,
Mrs. Bircanin could live at Niksic because there was a grammar
school for her son. Niksic is better than Cetinje or Podgorica. We
-did not choose the Ostrog Monastery because of its distance. The
transportation must be carried out by steamer, and at Podgorica wait
for general Bukanovic. If a warship is offered, express thanks.*

Defendant: Express thanks. Not accept That means to thank
-them for it but not to accept.

Prosecutor: Thank whom?

Defendant: I had authorized the transportation.

Prosecutor: This »thanks« meant thanking them if they gave
& warship.

Defendant: No.

Prosecutor: Did Bircanin collaborate with the invader?

Defendant: He did.

Prosecutor: And you were going to put him into a sarcophagus
jand turn him into a saint!

338

AN UNSUCCESSFUL EXPERIMENT WITH A FORGED SIGNATURE
BY MIHAILOVIC'S COUNSEL

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): Accused Mihailovic , du-
ring your examination in Court you talked about the accidental coo-
peration of your commanders with the invader. Please explain to us
what you consider accidental cooperation, tacit collaboration, war
cunning and war intrigue.

Defendant: I consider that it is a war intrigue when it happens
that in the course of events three enemy forces are engaged, which is
almost unheard of, two forces being on one side, while on the other
is the third, and the first two, without any contact with each other,
and without any agreement, act against the third one. In my opi-
nion that is a war .intrigue.

Counsel for the Defence (Bonovic): Did you consider it war
intrigue or war cunning when you •sometimes succeeded in using
a battalion of Italians or Germans to engage the Partisans, in
your place?

Defendant: When the »Murge« division was put to rout, I was
glad. It was all the same to me how many Italians were killed.

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): Do you look on it as a
war intrigue?

Defendant: Yes, I do. But I never succeeded in bringing off
such a thing.

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): And if you did?

Defendant: If I had done such a thing I would have considered
it a war intrigue.

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): Now, accused Mihailovic,
one of your messages reads: »Let. No. 22 receive them hotly.« Is the
word »to receive hotly« in your military vocabulary an artillery or
infantry manoeuvre?

Defendant: No; it could be interpreted in various ways.
1 explained that here it referred to am intrigue.

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): At any rate, these were
intrigues.

Defendant: Yes, intrigues. I could only welcome the fact if the
two fought against each other, especially if I arranged it.

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): Which of your command-
ers, besides Bajo Stanisic, do you think collaborated most?

Defendant: The commander in Dalmatia. «

Counsel for the Defence (Bonovic): Had you a plan of action
in the country, since you decided to remain in the field?

339

Defendant: My plan was to remain in the country.
Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): Even after McDowell's
departure?

Defendant: After Me Dowell's departure my plan was to rally
the Serbian troops and to disperse them all over the terrain.

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): How did you part with
McLean, the Englishman who was with you?

Defendant: I have forgotten.

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): You have forgotten?

Defendant: I have forgotten.

Counsel for the Defence (Bonovic): Accused Mihailovic, how
many newspapers did you publish on the territories which were under
your influence?

Defendant: There were a great many newspapers. I know some
were issued in Belgrade, some in Homolje, some in Pomoravlje, some
in the district of Takovo, some in the district of Visegrad. I had
printing works near Kosjeric and a litographic apparatus which I had
bought in Belgrade.

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): In your newspapers did
you ever make any difference between the great Allies?

Defendant: Never.

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): Were they more inclined
towards the Western Allies or the Soviet Union?

Defendant: Hot at all. They showed the same attitude to all
the Allies.

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): Accused Mihailovic, were
you a monarchist?

Defendant: I cannot say that. I considered that it was the
people's will, that I should not be a convinced monarchist. My whole
life is a« proof of it

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): How did It happen that
so many republicans, such as Vujanac, Mladen 2ujovic and many
others, joined your movement?

Defendant: That is only a proof of my broadmindedness, a
proof that I did not want to impose on the people what they did not
want themselves. I considered, in this case, that I had to -respect
the will of the people (laughter in Court).

Counsel for the Defence (Dononvic): Used you to give several
copies of your signature on blank forms to your headquarters' colla-
borators, commanders, journalists, friends or those persons who used
to call on you and whom you trusted?

22*

340

Defendant: I used to give identification cards and signatures
on blank forms. A signed form even reached the Germans.

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): Accused Mihailovic, do
you acknowledge this signature as yours? (shows him a letter).

Defendant: No, I do not.

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): Read it.

Defendant: No. It is very much like mine. Only my »r« is dif-
ferent; the »b« is no.t mine. I cannot believe . . .

Prosecutor: Then it is forged?

Defendant: I always tell the truth, even if it is not in my
favour. This signature is not mine.

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): (approaches the President
of the Court and shows him the document already shown to the
accused Mihailovic).

Defendant (continues): No, it is not my signature. And yet per-
haps it ds. But this »b« and »r« are not like mine.

Counsel for the Defence (Donovic): (approaching the Prose-
cutor and showing him the same document).

Prosecutor: No -thanks, if the accused says so, I believe him.

THE ACCUSED MIHAILOVIC REFUSES THE OFFER OF THE
AMERICAN AIRMEN TO APPEAR AS WITNESSES FOR HIM

Counsel for the Defence (Joksimovic): First of all I want to
communicate that yesterday I ...

President: You can make no communications. That is the func-
tion of the Court. You can, during the proceedings, submit proposals
for the decision of the Court.

Counsel for the Defence (Joksimovic) (addressing the Presi-
dent): I have had a message from America. I have been asked to in-
form the Court of something. I consider that it is my function and
duty as Counsel for the Defence, to convey their 'wish.

President: You will be acting according to your conscience
and duty as Counsel, if you submit a concrete proposal to the Court.

Counsel (Joksimovic): It is in connection with a concrete
proposal.

President: Put your proposal in a definite form.

Counsel (Joksimovic): My proposal is this: In connection with
the indictment, pages 3 to 58, the following should be heard:
Walter Mansfield, a member of the American Military Mission attached
to Draza Mihailovid's headquarters, Mike McFiull, an American air-
man rescued by Draza Mihailovic, ; John Levin, an American airman,

341

rescued by Draza Mihailovic, WdHiam Len Rogers, president of the
committee for a just trial for Draza Mihailovic.

President: On what grounds?

Counsel (Joksimovic): To show that the accused Mihailovic
did not collabo>rate with the invader. The signatories say: »We beg
you, as the legal adviser of Draza Mihailovic, to inform the Court
officially that the undersigned offer themselves as witnesses in the
case of Draza Mihailovic, and are ready to* fly to Belgrade to give
evidence in connection with the indictment. We ask you also publicly
to request the Court to accept our testimony. We shall be grateful

D.AT*K. 34.

<c
April* DJEHERALU MIHAILOVICU

HEOPHODNO POTFluBKO DA SE STO PRE 3ASTAKETE S BELBIM
<BILO POCA ILI DRUGO MESO?0. BSLI IMA. DA VAM SAOPST1
SITNE I VAZNE PORUKE CD STRAKE JTTGOSLOVENSKE VLADB
VIC TRIDESET CETHI - JOTAHOVIC.

ATT GEM2RAL MIHAILOVIC,

11 est absolum^nt necessaire que" verts' re-ncontrlez Bailey
le plus tot possible solt a Foca ou ailleursv -Bailey vous
conanuniquera des messages importants et' "argents^ de la |)art"-dt»>
Couvernencnt yougoslavs.
V,IU 34 - Jovanovic.

From the telegram files of the emigrant government: message from Slobodan Jova-
novic to Mihailovic, informing him of the coming of Colonel Bailey, who is to give
him important and urgent instructions from the emigrant government, (Below is the
text of the same message in French).

to you if you would draw the attention of the Court to this.« This
message was signed by the above mentioned persons, and sent from
New York to »Dragic Joksimovic, Draza Mihailovic' legal advisers
It was sent on June 12 and I received it on June 13,

President: Please tell us, have you, as Counsel, as a person
officially participating in the trial, any proposal to make?

Counsel (Joksimovic): I am conveying this message to the
Court and ask that it should be considered as a proposal of the
Counsel for the Defence that the Court comes to a decision as soon
as possible about the hearing of the mentioned witnesses from Nefw
York, and that the decision be conveyed in the shortest possible time
both to the witnesses and to Mihailovic's counsel.

342

President: Have you, as Counsel, a concrete proposal, and if
you have, formulate it. Do you propose that some of the witnesses
be heard? If so, what are their names and in what connection?

Counsel (Joksimovic): I consider that I have submitted the pro-
posal. It embraces the hearing of the witnesses.

President: Please give your proposal a precise and concise
form; you know how to do -it; you are am experienced lawyer.

Counsel (Joksimovlc): I propose that the wish expressed by
the witnesses should be met. 1

President: That is not a proposal at all.

Counsel (Joksimovic): I propose that these witnesses be
summoned.

President: That is not a proposal.

Counsel (Joksimovic): To summon them as witnesses . . .

President: Give it the form of a proposal in legal terms, as it
is done in law courts.

Counsel (Joksimovic): I propose that the Court summon and
hear the above-mentioned witnesses . . .

President: Which »above mentioned witnesses'*:, cite them.

Counsel (Joksimovic): The witnesses ... the witnesses, Walter
Mansfield.

President: What is his profession?

Counsel (Joksimovic): Former member of the American Mili-
tary Mission to Mihailovic.

President: That is not a profession.

Counsel (Joksimovic): Mike McFull, an airman rescued by
Mihailovic.

President: Is that his profession?

Counsel (Joksimovic): John T. Levin, also an airman, William
Len Rogers.

President: Has he ever been in Yugoslavia?

Counsel (Joksimovic): Probably. I have no detailed informa-
tion. I propose that the witnesses, if the Court decides that their testi-
mony should be heard, should be informed through the American
Embassy in Belgrade, or . . .

President: Well, the Court knows the law and the proper way
of doing it But in what connection do you propose that they should
be heard?

Counsel (Joksimovic): In connection with the circumstances
mentioned in the indictment from page 3 to 58, where it refers to
the collaboration of Drasroliut) Mihailovic with the enemv.

343

President: You said you ask that they should be heard in con-
nection with circumstances proving that Draza Mihailovic did not
collaborate with the enemy?

Counsel (Joksimovic): Certainly I did.

President: Put it on record.

Counsel (Joksimovic): Yes, that's right.

President: Is that all?

Counsel (Joksimovic): Yes, it is.

President: Accused Mihailovic, have you heard the proposal of
the Counsel?

Defendant: Yes, I have.

President: Will you give an answer. What is your opinion?

Defendant: Let me have time to think it over.

President: Your Counsel offers you witnesses who are to
testify in your favour. Do you accept, and agree with, the proposal
of the Counsel or not?

Defendant: In principle I do not agree.

President (addressing the protocol): The accused in principle
does not agree with the proposal of his Counsel. Prosecutor, give
your opinion on the proposal of -the Counsel.

Prosecutor: The Counsel proposes that these witnesses should
come to the Court and testify by their statements, that Draza Miha-
ilovic did not collaborate with the invader. In my opinion such a pro-
posal is completely uncalled for. To contradict a mass of written
documents on collaboration with the invader, by means of (statements
of witnesses, of whom we do not know how long and when they
were with Mihailovic, and in what circumstances Mihailovic retained
them, would, I think, be quite out of place; and I cannot agree to the
proposal of the Counsel, for this and for other reasons.

President: The Prosecutor therefore does not agree with the
Counsel.

Prosecutor: They would like to testify that Mihailovic did not
collaborate with the invader, which is contrary to what Mihailovic
has stated before the Court, up to. now. Accordingly, these witnesses
would have to contradict Mihailovic himself and his statements.
(Laughter and applause in Court).

President: I must call the public to order. I warn the public that
otherwise, if such an incident happens again, I shall be forced, in
order to facilitate the work of the Court, to issue an order to clear
the hall.

Prosecutor: I could understand if the Counsel proposed that
these two or three American airmen should come to testify that Draza

344

Mihailovic had enabled them to return to the United States. That
would be comprehensible, because it is a well known fact that a cer-
tain number of American airmen, who made forced landings in Serbia,
were rescued by the people, and that he enabled them to go- back,
but I do not understand why the American airmen, who flew ov»er
Serbia and landed by parachute, should ask to be allowed to testify
nere, that Mihailovic did not collaborate with the invader.

As far as the Mission people are concerned, I read a message
from General Armstrong which clearly shows that the chief of the
Mission (General Armstrong) saw Mihailovic's Cetniks, and Miha-
ilovic himself, collaborate with the invader. I can submit to the Court
new documents from the same sources regarding tjie collaboration
of his Cetniks with the invader. I think it would be unnecessary and
contrary to the principles of Court procedure, to call from the United
States four or five persons to deny even what Mihailovic himself
has stated and written, since there are his instructions and orders-
to his commanders to collaborate with the invader. I think this
would take us nowjhere. It would not help us to find (out the actual
truth, and would only prolong the proceedings. The counsel must
excuse me for saying so, but the only motive behind this is their desire
for prolongation of the proceedings.

President: The Court will announce its decision on the pro-
posal, with a note that Mihailovic is under custody for the time being.

Defendant: I want only to add: I am sure these men, who offer
themselves -as witnesses to my Counsel, would be able to bring out
many things tin my favour, but I do not want them to, on principle.

President: (To the Counsel). Please go on with your questions.

Counsel (Joksimovic): Accused Mihailovic, yesterday, in answer
to a question of the prosecutor you said that you were appointed,
War Minister in 1942. Do you remember how long you held this
position, and when you were replaced?

Defendant: I was appointed without being asked whether I
agreed or not, though I think I should have been consulted; ',and
the appointment was broadcast. I held this position for two years.
When I was to be appointed Chief of Staff, I was asked, and I accepted
this post.

Counsel (Joksimovic): Can you tell us how your aerodrome
at Pranjani worked? Had you any other airfields, and what wietfe
the arrangements for the reception of the material brought ibyi the
Allied planes, and how did planes land during the occupation, on your
territory, for your units?

345

Defendant: I can't say exactly. We were not satisfied with the
arms we got, because we needed much more.

Counsel (Joksimovic): How many planes could there have been,
approximately?

Defendant: I! cannot say exactly. We had a radio link and
thro-ugh it we enabled the planes to land. There was a landing field
at Pranjani. Later on, there was another one at Koceljevo, and we
had one at Boljanic, east of Doboj in Bosnia.

Counsel (Joksimovic): Were the landings disturbed by the
Germans?

Defendant No.

Counsel (Joksimovic): Did it sometimes happen that the Ger-
mans took away, or found, the material which had been dropped?

Defendant: No. There was only one case when by mistake the
planes dropped 5.000 sovereigns in the Moslem villages, in the vici-
nity of Sjenica.

Prosecutor Minic: Is that the message which begins — »Those
idiots dropped . . . ?«

Defendant: Well, who wouldn't be angry. 5.000 sovereigns drop-
ped in that 'region, and stolen.

Counsel (Joksimovic): After the Fourth Offensive did Colonel
Bailey tell you why, in the spring of 1943, the landing of the Allied
troops on the Dalmatian coast did not take place?

Defendant: I do not remember for the moment. But it was a
very interesting matter for me.

Counsel (Joksimovic): Most probably the whole Fourth Offen-
sive was conducted with that in mind.

Defendant: I confuse these events. I supposed that the landing
would -take place when a certain line was reached in Italy.

Counsel (Joksimovic): Were you always with Colonel Bailey?

Defendant: Yes, we were together every day. We had our
meals together. Later on he fed separately from me, as he began
getting his own rations. Their taste is different and they don't like
our food. j '

Counsel (Joksimovic): Who came to you after Bailey?

Defendant: Armstrong.

Counsel (Joksimovic): How long did Armstrong remain
with you?

Defendant: Armstrong remained till Spring 1944.

Counsel (Joksimovic): What happened at the end of Spring?

Defendant: He went away.

Counsel (Joksimovic): Did Bailey and Armstrong come back?

Defendant: No, they did not.

346

Counsel (Joksimovic): Neither one or the other? Who came
instead of them? Gould you tell us how they came, and how they
went away?

Defendant: George Musulin and Colonel McDowell came after
Armstrong.

Counsel (Joksimovic): Will you explain how you kept control
over the terrain?

Defendant: As regards that . . .

President: The Counsel referred to what you said at the inve-
stigation, and asked that you should complete your statement in con-
nection with this question.

Defendant: I had 60 radio stations which maintained this con-
tact. All these radio stations were made by our men, and we had
another 40 relay stations, so that in all there were a hundred.

Counsel (Joksimovic): One further question.

President: Please go on. Ask as many as you like.

Counsel (Joksimovic): Accused Mihailovic, in your messages
and other orders and instructio-ns contained in the documentary evi-
dence one can see that you called the Partisan detachments com-
munist and Bolsheviks.

Defendant: I did not call them Bolsheviks, although there is
nothing insulting in that.

Counsel (Joksimovic): In such circumstances, the Counsel for
the Defence wishes you to say openly, in front of the whole Court
and the, whole wodd: Did you fight during the occupation against
the Partisan detachments, because they were waging a liberation
struggle, or did you fight against them, because you considered that
their struggle was the struggle for the realization of a state and so-
cial order contrary to your ideas and the ideas of your organization.
In other words, were the conflicts between you .and your organiza-
tions, on one side, and the Pantizans, on the other, due to the great
differences in your political views, or due to the appearance of the
Partisans as a rival in the liberation struggle?

Defendant: I would like to leave this question for later on.

Counsel (Joksimovic): Let it be. I do not insist upon it.

Defendant: Let it be, because the question is rather a wide
one, but if you would rather, I can answer it now.

Counsel (Joksimovic): You do not have to answer this question
now, but please prepare yourself to answer this very important
question.

347

Defendant: Please, could you repeat the question. For the mo-
ment I have only a note about it. I would like to have the question
on paper. I should have written it down, I cannot remember it all.

President: Anyhow, you heard what it is all about.

Defendant: I did.

PRESIDENT: DID YOU FIGHT AGAINST THE NATIONAL
LIBERATION MOVEMENT WHICH WAS CARRYING ON THE
STRUGGLE AGAINST THE INVADER? DEFENDANT: I DID.

President: (After an interval): The Court has arrived at the
following decision on tjh-e proposal of the Counsel for the Defence:

»The proposal of the Counsel of the accused Dragoljub-Draza
Mihailovic to summon as witnesses Walter Mansfield, Mike McFuIl,
John T. Levin and William Len Rogers to testify that the accused
Mihailovic did not collaborate with the invader, has been rejected
for the following reasons.

1. The conclusion as to whether the accused Mnhailovic colla-
borated with the invader rests on a great many facts which are
being investigated and proved at this trial.

The witnesses, however, are not interested in concrete facts,
but in the conclusion to be drawn from these facts.

2. It is well known that Allied planes and parachutists appeared
over the territory of Yugoslavia in the spring and summer of 1944,
and even if the proposed witnesses landed on our territory they can
only testify to conditions which they observed during a very short
time, while the indictment charges Mihailovic with collaborating with
the invader during the whole period of occupation, namely from 1941.

3. On the question of the collaboration of the accused Mihai-
lovic with the invader we have been offered a great many documents
and witnesses from all over our country, and therefore there is no
need to obtain any proofs from abroad*. This is the decision of the
Court (Addressing the Prosecutor) Please go on with your questions.

Prosecutor: Were all the men who were soldiers of the units
of the National Liberation Army, communists?
' Defendant: They were not.

Prosecutor: Were the Partisans fighting against the Germans?

Defendant: They were.

Prosecutor: Were they fighting against the Italians?

Defendant: They were.

Prosecutor: Did the Nedic troops put themselves under your
command? Did the Ljotid troops put themselves under your command?

348

Defendant: Yes, but I had other intentions,

Prosecutor: Did your units fire at, and wage war against the
National Liberation Army, or were they fighting communism?

Defendant: I don't understand.

Prosecutor: Did your units fight against the units of the NV
tional Liberation Army and Partisan detachments, and when?

Defendant: We both fought.

Prosecutor: But did they carry on the war?

Defendant: They did.

Prosecutor: Your counsel put this question to you: Did you
fight against the units of the National Liberation Army because they
wanted to create one order, and you another? This is the real mean-
ing of the question. It was asked in a very complicated way by your
lawyers, but I wall put it to you quite simply: Did you carry on a
liberation struggle against the invader — • against the Germans? Did
your troops fight against the Germans?

CBOJHX jejjWHHrta no Tepeny.Majop JlyOa

861 og ffpa Jlpa.Bri.50 on 22 ~X- . -3a ........ yggoggo Egage • j? J^aja . Tpaggo oaM-

nannra ^yfly

^aQTSLBJ!:>a ce«

oj .IJpa Jm>Bp.66 on 22..-X*^»HaOTaBaK,BaQQ Byyiesscii je cnopo nyoi-

From Mihailovic's book of telegrams received: Dra-Dra (Sava Vukadinovic, Cetnik

commander) reports that for the killing of Blazo (Dukanovic) and Bajo (Stanisic) he--

has demanded that 300 communists be shot in Podgorica.

Defendant: That is what I wanted to do and the whole ten1-*
dency was in that direction.

Prosecutor: I -shall ask you somiething else: Did the National
Liberation Army represent the Liberation Movement?

Defendant: It did.

Prosecutor: Accused IMihailovic, did you continually carry OD
an armed struggle against the invader, against the Germans, against
the Italians, as the National Liberation Army did? Did you attack the
towns, capture them, and fight everywhere against the invader with
armed forces?

Defendant: Whenever I was not prevented from doing so.

Prosecutor: And did you ever cease hostilities towards the
units of the National Liberation Army?

Defendant: I did try.

Prosecutor: And did your ever succeed?

349

Defendant: No, I did not.

Prosecutor: And did you ever start fighting against the Ita-
lians, and the Germans? Were there any hostilities at all towards the
Italians? Please mention a single battle against the Italians.

Defendant: I found myself In an unpleasant situation.

Prosecutor: We are trying to prove facts here. Was there a
,single battle against the Italians?

Defendant: That was the situation in which I found myself.

Prosecutor: Was there a single battle between the Cetniks and
-the Italians?

Defendant: I cannot say exactly.

Prosecutor: I am already getting used to your answers. Now,
.accused Mihadlovic, during the trial you said you had been waiting
for a favourable moment, and were getting instructions from the
•emigrant government. Is that right?

Defendant: It is.

Prosecutor: Those were the instructions which Slobodan Jo-
-vanovic sent to you. You also said that these inductions referred to
.a particular moment, to the breakdown of Germany, or the landing
»of the Allies. But the breakdown of Germany took place, in Bosnia
•it was obvious. Why did you not attack the Germans at that moment?

Defendant: Everything turned against me. The propaganda
.and everything was against me. I was told: »Your chance is to main-
*tain your position among the people."

Prosecutor: What part dici Sekula Drljevic play in getting
»Ostojdc to Lijevce Polje?

Defendant: Ostojic, Bacovic and all the others thought of
„ getting over to Slovenia in some way.

Prosecutor: What did Sekula Drljevic think?

Defendant: Sekula thought of joining his troops.

Prosecutor: Do you think that the slaughter of Lalatovic, Va-
~sic and others at Lijevce Polje was Sekula Drljevic's work?

Defendant: It was Sekula's and Pavelic's, for if it had been
"Only a conflict between the »Greens« and the »Whites«, Sekula would
not have had anything against the Bosnians, who had also been 'killed.
In that case even Vasic would not have been killed.

Prosecutor: Comrade President* do you mind if I put one more

question? I want to refer to the question of the Counsel for the

"Defence, and to request the accused to declare whether he fought

;against the National Liberation Movement as a communist movement,

«4>r did he fight against it for some other reason?

Counsel (Joksimovic): The defendant will refer to that later on.

350

Counsel (Donovic): Please formulate your question more pre-
cisely, because no struggle can be carried on against a movement/.
Prosecutor: It seems that it is not clear to Mr. Donovic what
the Liberation Movement <is. Did you fight against the units of the
National Liberation Army, as a communist army, or did you fight
for some other reason?

Defendant: I have nothing against the communists.
Prosecutor: Please answer whether you fought against . . .
Defendant: I must think over this question.
Prosecutor: I ask the Court to request the accused Mihailovic
to answer this question. Answer: did you fight against the Army of
National Liberation as against communist units, or did you fight
against it for some other reason?

Defendant: I can say that I had nothing against communism.
(The defendant in the meantime thinks for a while and continues):
I do not understand this question

President: Please repeat the question very slowly.
Prosecutor: You have just 'said that the units of the National
Liberation Army fought against the Germans, Italians, Ustasas etc.
We also have come to the conclusion that yV)U did tt'Ot conduct any
operations against these because you thought you would be annihi-
lated. But nevertheless, you fought against the National Liberation
Army, not against the invader.

Defendant: I was not able to.

Prosecutor: I do not insist any longer on receiving an answer,
and I .consider that there is no need to ask thei accused to give an
answer to this question.

Defendant: You can ask your question and I shall think it over.
Still, I think my answer on the whole is, that it was a struggle against
the communist units.

Prosecutor: Did" these units consist only of communists?
Defendant: (Thinks for a while and then answers): No, they
did not,

Prosecutor: Then, how could you fight against the other pa-
triots in the National Liberation Army, who were not communists?
Defendant: I shall be able to answer this question, only after
I have thought it over.

Prosecutor: The defendant avoids answering.
Counsel (DonoviC): The question should be precisely for-
mulated.

351

Would you ever have fought against the National Liberation
Army and Partisan detachments, as the army which was fighting
against the Germans?

Prosecutor: »Did he fight* and not »would he have fought*.
That is the way to put the question.

President (Addressing Donovic): Why put such a question
conditionally? (Addressing the defendant): Did you fight against the
National Liberation Army, which represented the struggle against
the invader? Did you fight against the National Liberation Move-
ment, which represented the struggle against the invader in Yu-
goslavia?

Defendant: Yes I did.

»I WAS THE CHIEF OF THE BLACK THREES. I INFORMED

' RADIO LONDON WHO SHOULD BE PLACED UNDER

THE LETTER »Z« . . . «

President: Accused Mihailovic, are you aware that your com-
manders in Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia, Hercegovina, Lika, Dalmatia,
and Sandzak perpetrated a whole series of crimes?

Defendant: What I was informed of, was Pavle Durisic's acti-
vity. I was not aware of the other crimes. As I said, I learned every-
thing from his reports.

President: Is that all you knew?

Defendant: I think so. I learnt all this from the indictment.

President: Are you aware that Cetnik commanders committed
slaughter, arson, pillage and the massacre of the innocent population?

Defendant: I saw it in the indictment, but I should like to state
that as a soldier, up to the end of this war, I never permitted a cap-
tured enemy soldier or combatant to be killed, and still less a wounded
man or a civilian. I and Dragisa Vasic were horrified by the reports
of Pavle Durisic; when he had to fulfil a task, he used to commit
acts amounting to crimes. Often the population itself took part in
these crimes, so that all the mass crimes were committed, not only
by the military units, but by the entire people, who had been pro-
voked by the massacres previously committed by the Ustasas. I can
mention a number of cases, before I start , . .

President: I have asked you whether you were informed that
the Cetnik commanders perpetrated with their units slaughters and
lootings?

Defendant: I learned it only from the indictment. Probably;
I heard of it earlier, but in many cases I did not believe it. I did
not believe many reports from niy commanders.

352

President: Well, are you aware that yiour units and the Cetnik
commanders, in collaboration with the invader, committed murders,
.arson and looting among the civil population?

Defendant: I was only aware of Pavle Durisic's activity when
lie went to the Drina river, and to the right bank of the Lim raver;
And this was only later, when he submitted a report of what he?
"had done. ]

President: Well, what were these Threes?

Defendant: I don't know enough about the facts concerning
these Threes, which had been created. They had the job of eliminating,
especially in the towns, those who, particularly among the quislings,
•were in our way. These Threes in many cases carried out their task
very well, as was the case in the killing of Masalovic,! the killing of
Ceka Dordevic, the killing of the Rtanj, Vojvoda, the killing of
Father Bulic at Cacak.

President: Were these Threes called the Black Threes?

Defendant: I don't know. I don't think so.

President: Don't you know that they were known among our
people as the Black Threes?

Defendant: I had no data about such work. They, may have
t)een so called, but I don't see why.

President: I am interested in this question because how would
they have got this title »Black Threes«, if they had settled accounts
only with the traitors, as you said? Actually: Did the Black Threes
carry out the killing of members of the Movement of National Liber-
ation and symphatizers of that movement?

Defendant: According to my orders, never.

President: But did they do these things nevertheless?

Defendant: I don't know. According to my orders, never, but
1 don't know whether they did them or not.

President: And who was the chief of the Black Threes in Yu-
goslavia?

Defendant: In 1942, with the object of frightening those who
were working against us in the towns and who belonged to Nedic's',
Ljotic's and Pecanac's supporters, I invented the letter »Z« as a letter
of ill omen, which could be interpreted in various ways. My aim was
to frighten them. And as a matter of fact we succeeded in frightening
people in many cases.

President: But I asked you, who was the chief of the Black
Threes in Yugoslavia?

Defendant: Through the B. B. C. I wanted to create a myste-
rious personality, who would be completely independent. A chief of

353

the Black Threes did not really exist at all. But through the London
radio we frightened those who were working with or among the
quislings, and even killed them.

President: All right, but nevertheless, please, answer the quest-
ion: Who was the chief of the Black Threes in Yugoslavia?

Defendant: Nobody was. I was issuing these reports, through
the London radio.

President: You were sending out these reports, but did you
Issue orders for the placing of people under the letter »Z«?

Defendant: The orders for the placing of people under the
letter »Z« went through the London Radio only, and on the basis of
such data as the chiefs from the terrain reported about certain defi-
nite persons among the quislings, who deserved to be treated in
this way.

uaaiajy

M on 22 ~7I---y y«W ce sefc J53e HOiw xance KO-

oaaj mra5 ^OGTasno npecTojwwy. rpancfce

je$l®MOB!ffay,KGj:* je y naaioj cjiyxfi^OBjie je.nowarao if nretfj neMaqrce
He cjryH6e KqjiHfc,K<bj» je t»o na fH^peKTan HaiRH ynosnaT ca Hoa^ Jtwa

ca^^a je nohy 21/22 Bpaeao CTpejEaae HeKOJiUKO Taf-
cy seh jasHO aarjisr raasy v rpjiH an eao aa- csa -ycTa, Ha3HBajyin *
-HeTOKOjiOHHHMa v oji*raHO»na ,oy yHOcmnr naHiray.no xjapnHj^aasr KM ce J&OCKO- I

?2 -XI-.-TTy^'caM ^a cte

From Mihailovic's book of telegrams received: Kondor (Radovic, Cefnik commander)
reports that communists are being arrested at Uzice, according to the list given to

the police by his staff.

President: And what was your part in the whole business? Was
It you who placed persons under the letter »Z«?

Defendant: I reported to the London radio that such and such
a person should be placed under the letter »Z«.

President: Did you agree with every proposal of your com-
manders about the placing of persons under the letter »Z«c, without
any reserves?

Defendant: Completely, if they explained why. As to the quis-
lings, I didn't worry about them.

President: But how did you always know when a quisling was
in question?

Defendant: I relied on the data.

354

President: A minute ago you said that the reports of your
commanders were false, and now you say that you trusted these
reports?

Defendant: There were many false ones.

President: Does that mean that you agreed with every pro-
posal of jtour commanders about the placing of persons under the
letter »Z« without reserve, and that you transmitted these names
to the emigrant government, to be broadcast from London?

Defendant: Nedic complained most about this letter »Z«. He
even protested through the radio.

President: I asked you something else. You would not have
made a mistake if you had placed Nedic under the letter »Z«, but
you didn't do so.

Defendant: I don't understand the question.

President: Simply this: Who was the real chief of the Black
Threes in Yugoslavia?

Defendant: He didn't exist. He was an invented, mysterious
personality.

President: Ah, well! Who^se dispatch is this bearing the emigrant
government's number, DVK/116, and received from the Supreme
Headquarters of the so-called » Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland« on
July 27, 1942. It says: »To the President of the Yugoslav Government
Your No. 158. Our dispatch, No. 2726. Apply letter »Z« to cited per-
sons. Chief, of Threes in Yugoslavia informs Threes that they attack
too baldly and openly and, on the contrary, they ought to (attack from
the rear. The letter- »Z« is a sign for traitors, whose wo<rk and move-
ments the Threes should follow. They should make their treacherous
work impossible through fear, without exposing themselves to
danger by approaching them openly;1; on the contrary, they should
follow their work from the rear, which is safe for our men. General
Miha>ilovic«. Is this your dispatch?

Defendant: It is,

President: You say: »Chief of Threes in Yugoslavia informs
the Threes«. Who was the chief of the Threes?

Defendant: A mysterious invented personality, and I issued
these dispatches for terrorizing purposes, through the London radio.

President: Did this mysterious, invented personality coincide
with the actual personality^ of Mihailovic?

Defendant: It did.

President: Well then, who was the chief of the Black Threes?

355

Defendant: I was, but I issued no orders except those I gave
through the London radio, whose purpose was to frighten the quis-
ling element

President: I asked you, who was the chief of the Black Threes
and you did not answer directly. During the investigation you said
that you were the chief, and when I ask now, you say, only after a
long conversation, that yo-u were the chief. One must be frank with
the Court.

Defendant: I thought one ought to explain things and not only
say »Yes« or »No«.

President: You can defend yourself as you like. You can be
sincere or not, but sincerity is always considered as a mitigating
characteristic and as a good quality. What does! the letter »Z« mean?

Defendant: A letter of ill omen.

President: And it means?

Defendant: To frighten.

President: And not to slaughter?

Defendant: Not necessarily. Not one of the quislings was slaught-
ered. They were all shot. Only Captain Terzic was .slaughtered with
a knife.

President: So the letter »Z« means to frighten?

Defendant: To frighten. It may be interpreted as one likes.

President: Wasn't the difficulty perhaps that the letter »Z«
could mean both frighten and slaughter?

Defendant: It is in many ways a mysterious letter. It is used
in codes.

President: How were the Black Threes organized?

Defendant: I know that various Black Threes were organized
I know that a number of them worked in Belgrade. There were
-others in Kragujevac.

President: Black Threes in Kragujevac? Why?

Defendant: Yes. Someone, I don't remember his name, who
•worked with the Germans, was killed in the centre of Kragujevac,

President: Was Marisav Petrovic killed?

Defendant: Marisav Petrovic was (not, but someone whose name
"I don't remember, was killed; and he was very important.

President: How were the Black Threes organized?

Defendant: I don't remember the details, and I did not reflect
.-about it much. They were not supposed to be known.

President: Was there some circular letter or order in which
said to the units: Blaak Threes are to be organized.

23*

356

Defendant: Probably, but I don't remember the text of these
orders.

President: How were relations within these Black Threes, and
what people were chosen for them?

Defendant: Of course, courageous people, brave men.

President: Did the members of the Black Threes know each
other?

Defendant: It is impossible to hide anything from our people.
Mile Manhiac, who had carried out a -number of tasks, was known
all over the region.

President: Perhaps he boasted about it?

Defendant: I am sure he did.

INSTRUCTIONS: »THE TASK OF THE FLYING BRIGADES IS TO
CLEAR THE TERRAIN OF COMMUNISTS AND .THEIR SYMPA-
THIZERS . . . AVOID CLASHES WITH THE INVADER . : .«

President: Did you order the creation of flying brigades?

Defendant: Yes.

President: What was their task?

Defendant: As the territorial troops were not mobile, it was
necessary to proceed gradually and to create, from the organization
of territorial troops, mobile units. These units were to serve for
the formation of shock corps, as a mobile army — the opposite of
that which does not move from its terrain. The fdrst order was that
at least one flying brigade was to be formed ion the territory of
every corps, so that a number of territorial corps could form perhaps
one shock corps and, if it was a large territory, then am entire corps
could perhaps be transformed into a shock corps. This was the idea
of the flying brigades, which were ordered to billet themselves outside
of inhabited localities, not to stay in villages and huts, but to live
in the woods, to live a campaigning life. They -had to clear the terrain
of all Partisan units, or other destructive elements, such as Pecanac's,
Ljotic's, Nedic's troops etc., if they did not obey.

Prosecutor: But not of Germans?

! Defendant: They had to clear their terrain so that they could
work freely after that.

President: Were the flying brigades to liquidate all sympathizers
of the Army of National Liberation?

Defendant: Liquidation means the annihilation of the movement
itself, and not killing.

President: Were they to annihilate the sympathizers?

357

1 Defendant: To disperse them, to keep an eye on them, and
In any case to check their work.

President: Did the sympathizers include only those who carried
a rifle and who fought against the Germans, or also women and
children?

Defendant: All those who were against our organization were
hunted down, regardless of the fact whether they carried a rifle or not.
President: Can it be said that the flying brigades had as their
task the killing of women and children?

Defendant: The killing of civil persons was never ordered,
except in the case of quislings.

President: There are some dispatches from your Headquarters,
which somehow differ from your statements.

Defendant: I don't know.

President: Here is a telegram, Ne 2293, which says: »The task
of the flying brigades is to mop up communists and their sympa-
thizers, and other destructive elements dangerous to our organi-
zation, as far as it has not been done up to the present . . . avoid
clashes with the invader . . . brigades to billet outside inhabited
places, in huts, and frequently to change their quarters.*:

Defendant: What is the date of this?

President: May 29, 1943.

Defendant: Perhaps it was necessary at that particular moment.

President: In another circular of yours, N° 22, dated November
25, 1943 addressed to all units, you write: »I cannot over-emphasize
the importance of creating, as soon as possible, flyiing brigades in
all corps, composed of permanent groups. These flying brigades
must be able to move through all regions according to instructions
from the Supreme Command, and not only in their own regions.*

Defendant: That is what I said regarding the creation of the
flying brigades — that mobile troops should be created.

President: This expression: »That the flying brigades must move
through all regions, according to instructions from the Supreme
Command and not only in their own regions^ — does that meam
that the flying brigades were under the direct command of your
Supreme Headquarders, that is, under yours?

Defendant: No, lit does not. No Supreme Command would
place under its own command fifty units. My aim was to have no more
than five. I could never have had such a number of flying brigades
under my direct command.

President: Here is a document which you received on November
21, 1943, which says: »...My agent in Belgrade reports that the

358

Germans are publicly declaring that they are soon going to leave
the Balkans; they are all afraid of the communists; Belgrade is full
of them. . . Order Sasa urgently to come to the terrain to organize
the work of the Black Threes and to begin by hilling the known;
communists in Belgrade . . . Report to me directly and not by radio . . .
Thanks for your good wishes . . . Greetings. Drska,« Can it be said
after this, that -there w,as no work for the Black Threes?

Defendant: At least not under Jesa Simic. Whoever knows
Simic, knows that he cannot be trusted in anything. Simic was such
a talker and he told so many lies that I never trusted him in anything.

President: From all this it can be deduced, I see, that the letter
»Z« was not applied only to Bul'ic.

Defendant: The letter »Z« was not applied to anybody except
those who were on a list submitted to the London radio >and to our
government. To nobody else.

THE CETNIKS CLEAR THE TERRITORY OF MOSLEMS;
THOUSANDS OF HOUSES BURNED AND WOMEN, CHILDREN
, AND OLD PEOPLE KILLED. . .

President: Are you aware that in 1941, in November, Jovao
Skava handed over 365 Partisans to the Germans?

Defendant: Yes, I am.

President: What happened to them afterwards?

Defendant: I did not know what happened afterwards. I heard
that they were shot. Then I also, heard that he had sold them, and
not handed them over.

President: Did you order your commanders to annihilate the
Moslems and Croats?

Defendant: Never.

President: Did you call the Moslems, Turks, and Croats Ustasas?

Defendant: Never. From the very beginning, my work with the
Moslems suffered set-back and misfortune just because of these
massacres. I beg to be allowed to explain this. I am going to quote
one case, to show how the people looked on the sanguinary
brutalities of the Ustasa, and what impression it made on them. At
one (meeting I introduced Mulalic to the people as a Moslem. This
was at Srednja Doibnin/ja. He rose to speak and said: »Brothers, I am
a Moslem1. The Moslems have suffered enough. But there are three
ways to solve this question. The first way is to slaughter them all«.
All the people at the meeting, male and female, shouted: »Let us
slaughter them!« We were flabbergasted.

359

Prosecutor: Who incited them? You incited them.

Defendant: No, Prosecutor. Never to my life did I go in for
this way of killing.

Prosecutor: Witnesses will testify to this.

Defendant: This was a typical case. Entire regions were
destroyed by Moslems, but this had its repercussions afterwards. The
mem irevenged themselves in battle. The Drina carried away large
number of corpses from tall three sides. It was a river of blood. The
people revenged themselves for the crimes the Ustasas had committed,
At the beginning of 1942, immediately after my arrival at the Oolija
mountain, I called Zvizdic Hasan to come to me, regardless of the
fact that he was in the Italian service. He came to Sandzak, so that
we might settle our relations with the Moslems. He was the most

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1001

Facsimile of letter from 1001 (from Draza Mihailovic) sent to Jevdevic, which relates
to the message of »very prominent British officiafs« that communists should be liquidated

as soon as possible.

respected man among the Moslems. When I arrived -in Montenegro
I established contact with Dr. Popovic, Mustafa Pasic from Mostar,
and Fehim Musakadic. Later Mulalic and Preiljubovic arrived. The
regions they came from were those where the vengeance of the people
had ,a;ssumied the most terrible proportions. These were the Ro-
gatica, Sarajevo region, -and some central parts of Eastern Bosnia and
Sandzak. These were the most terrible regions.

President: All right, you are speaking about the Rogatica
region, Vlasesnica and so on. But explain this .situation', this -report

360

which you received from Pavle Burisic. You received a report from
him about his »action« against Moslem villages?
Defendant: I did.

President: Here is what Pavle writes (the President reads the
report that Pavle Burisic sent to Draza Mihailovic): »Chief of Staff,
Supreme Command. The 'action ion the right bank of the Lim, in the
Bijelo Polje District, ds finished. It was carried out exactly according
to plan. The result of this action is: 1) The following Moslem villages
have been completely destroyed . . . See the enclosed map of the
environs of Plevlje, Sjenica, Pec and Kolasin.« And now he enume-
rates the villages: ». . . Voljevac, Gubavaca, Presecnik, Batuiic, Donji
Vlah, Murovici, Papratice, Donja Kostenica, Stuble, Dubljaci, Jasen,
Kostici, Ivanje, Goraja Krnjca, Vita, Crkalj, Licina — total, 33
villages. 2) Victims: Moslem fighters about 400; women and children
about 1.000. Our casualties: 14 hilled, 26 wounded of whom three
were women. The large number of our casualties was not due to
bad leadership by our chiefs, but evidently to a lack of caution o(n
the part of the soldiers themselves -and to their heroic attacks on
the Moslems, who had shut themselves into their houses.« Now,
accused Mihailovic, you heard?

Defendant: I don't understand. Is this from his report?
President: This is Pavle Durisic's report to you.
Defendant: I did not hear the last .sentence well.
President: (Reads the last phrase of the report): » . . . but evi-
dently to a lack of caution on the part of the soldiers themselves and
to their heroic attacks on the Moslems, who had .shut themselves into
their houses.« Was this action carried out according to plan?
Defendant: According to a plan which he, not I, haid made.
President: Did you know of this plan?

Defendant: No. He told me that he was going to annihilate
the Italian militia on the right bank of the Lim river. The Orthodox
villages of this region were completely burned down.

Prosecutor: Was Pavle Durisic at that time a part of the
Italian militia?

Defendant: All the Serbian villages on the -right bank of the
Lim were burned down by the Moslems. The Vasojevici are very
difficult when they come across such villages.

President: Another paragraph of Durisic's letter says: »After
my arrival on the terrain, the Italians wanted to take action once
more, and they even prepared their artillery, but when I told them
that I would back the people arid openly take part in the fight if
they helped the Moslems, they refralined. Two Italian companies

361

had already 'appeared on the terrain, but our troops fired and killed
one Italian, and after that the Italians retired. The whole Italian action
consisted in demanding that Pavle Durisic should localize the fight*
Here is another letter from Pavle Durisic, written in 1943: »The oper-
ations in the Bijelo Polje District began yesterday, the 5th, at 12
o'clock. Everything was carried out exactly according to plan. Rade
yesterday burned down 15 houses, killed 10 Modems >and burned 5
in their house. I have ordered that certain Moslem villages must be
burned* — and so on. At the end he says: »To you and to all the
others my best holiday wishes. May God give you a long life and
may you celebrate Easter in the capital . . .«

Defendant: Which is this document?

President: NO 155. There is another report from Pavle Durisic,
document 370, that I want to show you: *Gommand of the Lim —
Sandzak Cetnik detachments, February 13, 1943«, that is, one month
after the first report: »CMef of Staff of the Supreme Command*,
So this is for you.: »The action in the Plevlje, Cajnice, Boca districts
against the Modems has been carried out. Our detachments reached
the iDrina during the night of the 7th of this month, so that 'the
fighting in general came to an end by that day and then the mopping
up of the liberated territory began«. This is what mopping
up meant when the Cetniks freed a territory: »A11 Moslem villages
have been completely burned, so that there is not o<ne of their houses
left. All property has been destroyed, except cattle, corn and hay.
During the operations we carried out the complete annihilation of
the Moslem inhabitants, without regard to their sex and age . . . We
lost a total of 22, of which two were accidents. Among the Moslems
there were 1.200 combatants, and nearly 8.000 other -victims —
women, old men and children. The whole population has been 'anni-
hilated. The morale of our units was very high. Certain units, with
their leaders showed outstanding valour in every situation, and merit
every praise«. This is what Pavle Durisic wrote to you. Were you
informed of the preparations for this action, and did Ostojic send
the plan for its execution to you?

Defendant: I was mot informed of these preparations, I only
knew that Pavle had to go to Kalinovdk. He told me that he would
settle accounts on the way with Bukovica, which bothered him very
much, just; like the Italian militia. He wanted to do thisi and I also
had reasons for wanting this terrain cleared up, but I never thought
that he would clear it up in this way, especially as I believed that the
population would take no part in it.

362

President: Were you aware that a campaign was in progress
at Bjelinici, with the object of arriving at an agreement with the
Moslems?

Defendant: Yes.

President: Please, explain to the Court why in the Gorazde,
Foca and Cajnice districts the Moslem population was being exter-
minated, while at the same time at Bjelinici, a diplomatic action was
being conducted, i. e., negotiations for a friendly agreement.

Defendant: This action in Sandzak was absolutely contrary to
my purposes, for it could not be supposed )that Bjelinici would remain
quiet after hearing what was happening in the immediate neighbour-
hood, in Sandzak. My object concerning Sandzak was to reach a
reconciliation there also. '

President: Explain to the Court how far the Neretva is from
Bjelinici?

Defendant: Bjelinici is near the Neretva.

President: And from Eastern Bosnia, from the Foca — Kalinovik
road, which is the shortest way to the Neretva?

Defendant: From Eastern Bosnia to where?
President: To the Neretva.

Defendant: From the Kalinovik sector to the Neretva, it
passes through Bjelinici,

Prosecutor: Does it pass through Cajnice?
Defendant: I don't -understand.

President: I am asking, because a massacre took place there
in February 1943, and a massacre was prepared an the Plevlje District,
while negotiations were going on with the Moslems from Bjelinici,
on the Neretva sector, to persuade them to take part in the Fourth
Offensive as Cetniik units.

Defendant: It would then have been .still easier to annihilate
Bjelinici.

Prosecutor: Did you need it for fighting the Partisans?
Defendant: iNo. l

President: Did one part io<f the Bjelinici Moslems participate in
the Fourth Offensive?

Defendant: They did, but that didn't mean anything.

363

»INTERN THE FATHER AND KILL THE SON . . .«

President: What is the meaning of this list of active commu-
nists, with their collaborators and their sympathizers in Serbia, in
the sector of the First Toplica Brigade of the Yugoslav Army in the
Fatherland (reads the list): »Rasica village: Todosije Radivojevic,,
symphathizer . — liquidate . . .«

Defendant: I don't know.

Prosecutor: Is that by your orders?

Defendant: Nowhere in my orders is there written »kill the
people«.

President: (Continues reading the list): »Muzac village: Jovan
Jeftic, symphathizer, wears the five-pointed star — liquidate; Gvozdert
Strainovic, symphathizer, wears the five-pointed star — liquidate;
2ivota Knezevic, collaborator, led the partisans to our position —
liquidate; Ljubisav Todorovic, collaborator, led the Partisans to our
positions — liquidate; Gvozden Savic, secret agent — intern; Dresnica
village: Jelena Jelenic showed our machine gun — liquidate; Sve-
tomir Milenkovic, Partisan, . local oo-mmisar — liquidate; Djordje
Petrovic, symphathizer — intern; Kutlovac village: Rados Milanovic^
collaborator — liquidate; Andreja Milenkovic, collaborator — mo-
bilize in a distant locality; Jordan Stefanovic, collaborator, his son
is an active Partisan — intern; Vladen Planincic, propagandist —
liquidate; Hranislav Milivojevic, collaborator — liquidate; Bogovicf
Jovanovic, active Partisan — liquidate; Radojko Petroviic, the son is
an active Partisan — intern the father aond kill the son; Grgure vil-
lage: Rados Jovanovic, active Partisan, deputy divisional commander
— liquidate; Milan Jovanovic, active Partisan — liquidate; Gradimir
Jovanovic, active Partisan — liquidate; Voja Jovanovic, local com-
mander — liquidate; Branislav Jovanovic, active Partisan — liquidate;
Vojin Rajovic, symphathizer, son active partisan, father — intern;
son — kill; Doda and Steva Jovanovic, collaborators — liquidate;
Miroslav, Bogomir, Nikola and Jovo Jovanovic, collaborators — liqu-
idate; Blagoje Markovic, active Partisan — liquidate; all Jovanovic
(Jozic) women wear red kerchiefs and are poisonous communists —
half intern, — half liquidate . . .« This is justice: half and half. —
»Viseselo village: Svetislav and Radomir Jovanovic, collaborators —
intern; Milomir Jovanovic, collaborator on the committee — liqu-
idate; Ognjen Vukasinovic, collaborator on the committee — liqu-
idate; Radomir Radovanovic, collaborator on the committee — liqu-
idate; Kon-juva village: Dragojlo Mirkovic and daughter, collabora-
tors — intern; Ratko Maksic, active Partisan — liquidate; Miroslav
Simic, collaborator on the committee — liquidate; Jelica Savic, col-

364

laborator on the committee — liquidate; Dobrivoje and Miroslav
Radovic, collaborators on the committee — liquidate; Milorad and
Milko Obradovic, collaborators on the committee — liquidate; Cana
Jovanovic, collaborator on the committee — liquidate; borough Blace:
Obrad Lazovic, active Partisan leader — liquidate; Darinka Lazovic,
active Partisan — liquidate; Nenad and Milomir Lazic, active Parti-
sans — liquidate; Svetozar and Dobrila Savic, active Partisans —
liquidate; Nenad Stefanovic, active Partisan — liquidate; Stevan Ste-
vanovic, active Partisan — liquidate; Slavomir, Randjeo and Rajko
Simic, active Partisans — liquidate« . . . and so on and so forth, about
400 persons. They were all from Toplica, and Toplica was known to
be a Partisan region.

Defendant: Toplica was also Pecanac's region. It was a Par-
tisan region, and a Cetnik region also. I was not <aware of this.

President: This list is not the OTily one. This is a list of the
First Toplica Brigade. Then comes the list from the sector of the
Second Toplica Brigade, a list of active communists and their syrn-

•pBrpyre nocjie Kpa&e odytfe •pacnofe.vrTTr nq rpan^noj SOHIT # T&KO kewo

TO n°&er.e,#ojw ^ je ^ocTasaeH no
ra Ha.noroA&H Ha^nn BOOTaB^o KOMS TpeC5a.yiIH

From Mihailovic's book of telegrams received: Azed reports that the, list of communists
in Uzicka Pozega »has been handed over to the right quarters«.

pathizers, from the sector of the Second Toplica brigade of the Yu-
goslav Army in the Fatherland. . . »Cukovac community: no data can
be given until you come to the terrain . . .«

Prosecutor: Was this the task of the Fourth Shock Detachment?

Defendant: Nothing was earned out according to my orders.

President: Did you isisue definite orders for the Milling of
supporters of the Army of National Liberation, its symphatizers, and
so on?

Defendant: No, only for the mopping up of the terrain and
for the liquidation of the 'movement.

President: What do you mean by the »mopping up of the
terrain«?

Defendant: To d isperse the organisations . . . Look here, it is
said that people were to be interned and so on . . .

President: It will be my duty to confront you with certain
things', certain facts, certain documents, put in as evidence, which
show/. .

365

Defendant: I could not have believed that such things could
happen.

President: You have here, for instance, the proposal of your
commander Kalafailc, the commander lof the so-called H. M. Court
Guards, who suggests certain names to you for decorations. Here is
one example (reads confidential document, N° 115, June 12, 1944, in
which the Infantry Lieutenant Bogdan Damjanovic is proposed for
decoration, ^because he took part in several fights and distinguished
himself by personal courage and by efficient leadership of his -unit,
especially in the Rudnik battle against the oommOHiists. . . He always
contacted the enemy aind contributed much to his destruction o>r
obliged him .to flee. .'.« (The president then continues to read the
proposal of May 20, 1944, for the decoration of Martin Ljujic, in which
it is stated that he had successfully led his units, engaged in hand
to hand fighting with the enemy who was numerically superior, aind
succeeded in crushing him ... 20 communists were Mi-led, ia number
were wounded, and on May 30, fighting against a superior enemy,
his men killed 28 comm'unijsts and captured 12... We propose that
he should be decorated with the Karadorde Star . . . «) Your decision
regarding this proposal was: » White Eagle, fifth class with swords . . .«
(President continues reading): »Artillery Lieutenant Stanko V. Ta-
nasijevic because, as a battalion commander of the frist brigade on
the sector of the Drugovci village, he fought against a far superior and
well entrenched enemy, distinguished himself in this fight, capturing
8 rifles .and killing 15 communists without casualties to his own
troops. On May 11, on the sector of Siro-goj, he penetrated the
enemy's lines, fighting all night, and at dawn finally! succeeded in
putting the enemy to flight. On May 12 he repelled an enemy attack,
and so on. Proposed for the Karadorde Star.« Your decision: »Obilic
gold medal for courage.* This man also fought against the commun-
ists. Was it slaughter or military operation?

Defendant: I don't know.

Prosecutor: How is fit that you don't remember if you added
your observation?

President: Momcilo Obradovic, at Dojcin on January 6, as com-
mander of the ^Fourth Brigade of the King's Mountain Guard«,
through skilful leadership and personal heroism, succeeded in -routing
the enemy — the Partisans ... On this occasion 8 communists were
killed and 12 wounded, while 3 were captured. On February 3, at
Sidnica, 7 Partisans, two of which were women, were killed, one
machine gun was captured, as well as 9 rifles. On another occasion

366

18 Partisans were killed. . . and so -on. He is proposed for the Kara-
•dorde Star. Your observation: »White Eagle, fifth class with swords*.

Prosecutor: Did you decorate anyone for his fighting against
Germans o)r Italians?

Defendant: I don't remember.

FROM THE ORDER FOR THE SLAUGHTER OF THE JAGOD1NA
ANTIFASCISTS: «ORDER TO PROCEED TO A LARGE-SCALE

MASSACRE . . .«

President: Here is your telegram, JMb 159 of January 13, 1943,
from Draza to Leonard, Frike, Fritz, that is to Ninkovic, .Rakovic
and Trifunovic. »We have a report that the communists from the
Valjevo region have fled to the Rudnik region, and one group to
Kosmaj. The struggle which we are carrying on against them will be
decisive. We shall pursue them because they are hitter enemies .and
because they want to get back their terrain. Annihilate them piti-
lessly, because great events are approaching with giant strides. . .«
Js this your telegram?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: I am going to read you an other circular to
everyone in Serbia. This is dispatch N<> 193, of January ,16, 1943.
>0f all these troubles I must emphasize that the communist danger
is one of the greatest. Annihilate without pity these evildoers and
•enemies of our people. Annihilate them pitilessly. All commanders
are responsible to me their sectors, which have to be cleared
of all these vagabonds and tramps«.

Defendant: I have not these documents. I don't know.
President: Do you know what was done?
Defendant: I don't know what was dane. There was never
^ny slaughter; therei was fighting.

President: Here is another dispatch, of January 21, 1943, (do-
cument Ns 393) adressed to Ilijev, that is, to Pazanac, who was
Ocokoljic Sinisa: »Do<n't let the communists lift up their heads. Anni-
"hilate them without pdity as our greatest evildoers. Clear the place
of them and do your work without any sentiment. Spread the strong-
est possible propaganda against them among the peasants*. Is this
jour circular?

Defendant: I had assistants who did *the work. This was a
fight. Tho&e who were taken prisoner were -never killed.

President: Bruno, via Frike, January 22, 1944 (document N<>
•394), Draza to Captain Misic, via Rakovic. Your telegram JSfe

367

284. »Received report about mopping up of communists. Mop up
and annihilate them without pity. Take care that nolne of them come
into Serbia from Eastern Bosnia, as our troops are routing and
pursuing them there also«. This was the Fourth Offensive. I don't
meed to tell you this. You know it m well enough.

Defendant: These were fighting groups only, fighting groups,
fighting and nothing more. There was never an order of mine which
said: »Kill the prisoners, kill the wounded, kill -so and so.«

President: How do you explain your following telegram: »A11
your dispatches concerning liquidation of communists received. I
agree with the replacement of the commander of the second flying
brigade, as only obstacle against final liquidation of communists.
I aon very satisfied with your reaching Jastrebac .and your establishing
ties wdth Keserovic. It is necessary to work energetically on mopping
up not only of communists but <ailso of those who hide them . . .«

. 03 3? -T-.-CjBWjroM^^ £q

cauji * otfan eay t £% ca. ocraTjaua. BO
' ' ''

Hany"£fop"cSy,OKO Koje 6T^ce wornr OKynji»aTpr,13yKafl5!HoBtii <*GTO Tano najrasK ce y
HoaropioiiT TOT y OKOJiKHiuHaroBetoTeinf 'jioJiasaK CpdHjancRe-BojCKe -fros^paBJbeH je
Cypno csy;ia,£to'jT6ji£3aK JFiOTHftesaigi ytmmro je JboT^heBne spjio aKT^nwi r npeT.
Off HevCyaje ca ftwrn^H- je KeMyHFCTa.H'0 BaponrrMa Tenmo^e ce HHO Qnp»aTi!
rbopHyja bsaoora he CTasMTP nojj ya&p OKynaropa icao

From Mihailovic's book of telegrams received: Bene reports that all Cetnik commanders
in Montenegro have accepted cooperation with the Germans.

Defendant: Mopping up by fighting, dispersing and smashing
the organization.

President: Your telegram of November 17, 1943, says: »Ko-
smaj must be cleared at all costs. Act according to the needs of
the situation and with the aim of clearing Kosmaj up to Belgrade
as quickly -as possible.*

Defendant: That is the same.

President: Here is your circular, Ne 907, of November 21, 1943,
document NQ 411, which runs as follows: »The communists have con-
centrated considerable forces iin Sandzak, region of Priboj and Vi-
segradj The Partisans want to< penetrate into Serbia. I order ail,
in this and in all our other provinces, to utilize this situation in
order to annihilate the communists to the last man in all these
provinces. The communists have evacuated other terrains in which
they have been weakened and this is a good opportunity to
make a clean sweep in all provinces, and to take Serbia and all

368

provinces completely into our hands. Take all the necessary steps
and inform me of all that has been done and with what success.«

Defendant: That is the same.

President: Quite the same. Here is another of your telegrams.
Circular to the whole of Serbia, of May 13, 1944, document N° 429
»A number of porters at Belgrade railway station have been arrested
because of communist activity and for helping the Partisans. The
porters Miloije B,alet:c and Dusan Tica have fled to the interior. In
case of their capture, do what is necessary with them«.

Defendant: I don't know this telegram. Do what is necessary
doesn't mean killing.

Prosecutor: Is this a general circular?

Defendant: No.

President: Yes, it -is a circular to the whole of Serbia. This is
simply a warrant for the arrest of these two.

Prosecutor: Who had fled from the Special Police.

President: You have said that annihilate, mop up, liquidate
communists and sympathizers of the Army of National Liberation
does not mean killing (except armed units), but transporting the
sympathizers to another territory.

Defendant: That is true. I don't know in what way.

President: How -could they be thrown out from the whole
of Serbia?

Defendant: There were ways >and means.

President: Excuse me, from your telegrams it is clearly
evident that there were communtisits and their sympathisers in Eastern
Serbia, Belgrade, South of Belgrade, near Nis, near Cacak, Krusevac,
Sandzak, in Bosnia and Dalmatia. Mop them up everywhere. Where
would you put all these people?

Defendant: I never prescribed the manner or method; I never
prescribed killing.

President: I have read telegrams which say: »Kill«.

Defendant: That refers to deserters.

President: What do yioiu mean by deserters? People who had
been in your units and abandoned them, osr persons who had mot
been in them at all?

Defendant: Those who had been in them but who had fled

President: Well, how then do you explain this case (reads):
>Co«Bmand of the flying detachment — document Ns 399 — N° 321,
of May 13, 1943, at D.ainilovgrad«. Who held Danilovgrad -at that
time?

369

Defendant: That was in May 1943. It may have been the
Germans or the Italians.

President: The commander, Colonel Bajo Stanisic, writes from
Danilovgrad to the commander of the fourth Cetnik battalion, Captain
Spura Stojanovic: »For the killed communist deserter Jagos Kondic,
the price of lire 30.000 hais bean received in the pay-office of the
»Ferrara« Divisions Was the »Ferrara« Division part of the Cetnik
units?

Defendant: No.

President: Whom did it belong to?

Defendant: The Italians.

President: (Continues reading): »As the above mentioned was
killed on January 14, 1943, by the mien of the fourth Cetnik battalion,
in collaboration with the gendarmes and some peasants, I beg you
to send me immediately a liJst of 'the persons who took part in his
capture and killing, together with the gendarmes and the other par-
ticipants, so that the mioiney may be distributed among them. —
Commander Colonel Bajo Stanisic.«

Defendant: That ds disgraceful.

President: Are yoiu aware that your command.er:s were raping
and then killing the women-fighters, captured from the Army of
National Liberation?

Defendant: I was not <aware of this.

President: Here -is a telegram registered by your Headquarters,
under NO 10.460 of November 1943, document N° 409, from Louis.
Who was this Louis?

Defendant: I cannot remember. There were a great many code
names, but I think it may have been Dragoslav Piavlovic.

President: Here are his words: »It was daylight and my eyes
may be trusted because my pride ais a man -and a guards officer do
not allow me to fall so low in these critical days, Milos . . .« Who
was this Milos?

Defendant: I don't know.

President: ». . . raped a communist girl and then killed her . . .
I did not complain about him becaiuse I consider that this is not the
time for reporting such things, and that it was mot a reason for
dismissing him ... a detailed report follows^. As you. see, your
commander says that the fact that he had raped a communist girl and
killed her, was nio reason for making a complaint! You see what
your commanders were like, as can be seen from their telegrams
to you. Here is a telegram bearing your number, 1.307 of Sep-
tember 28, 1943 — document N° 422, from Georgie: »I ordered the

370

annihilation of whole families, the burning of houses and of entire
villages, where the Partisans had their supporters, because the Ser-
bian bastards assist the proletarian scum in certain villages. I have
ordered this because we are losing our best nationalists through
.the bastards of our people*. This writes Colonel Radojevic. Do
you know this dispatch?

Defendant: I dioin't know tit.

President: What wias his terrain?

Defendant: His terrain was dn the surroundings of Nis.

President: Did Jovan Skava make daggers for you?

Defendant: I know about this dispatch, and I called the -aten-
tion of my men to him, and told them to watch him.

President: Did he make daggers?

Defendant: He did.

President: You said that you had placed Jovan Skava under
the letter »Z«.

Defendant: Afterwards he disappeared completely.

President: Why did you say that you had pardoned him for
betraying M'isdc?

Defendant: I did mot pardon him.

President: Aleksandar Misic was one of your best officers.

Defendant: Even if I were such a monster as to pardon him
for the handing over of those Partisans to the Germans, I could not
have pardoned him for his treason against Misic.

President: What are daggers used for?

Defendant: The same as a knife.

President: Yes, for cutting bread, and what else?

Defendant? For use in fighing. We used daggers ialso during
the last war.

President: Were they used by the Threes?
! Defendant: By anyone who could get hold of them.

President: I am going to read to you another telegram which
shows that you were connected with the massacres. It is NO 425,
from page 49 of the 33rd telegram book. It <is dated, January 4,
1944: » . . . After the appearance of Tito the population of Jagodina
began to join our ranks, but many also started lifting up their
heads ... I discovered many of them and made their acquaintance;
they are mostly intellectuals. Order to begin a large scale massacre
for the New Year«. What did you answer to this telegram?

Defendant: I don't know.

371

President: Are you aware that a terrible massacre of intellect-
uals took place at Jagodina, Paracin and Cuprija on February
1, 1944?

Defendant: I didn't know this.
President: Where were you in January 1944?
Defendant: At the congres iait Ba. In Ba village.
President: And on January 4, where were you?
Defendant: I was on Medvednik mountain.

JVLOSLEM CORPSES BY THE BRIDGE AT FOCA AND SEVENTEEN
VILLAGES BURNED IN HERCEGOVINA

President: Was Vasic one of your commanders?

Defendant: Yes.

President: His nickname was »Vi-vi«. In the telegram received

-at your Headquarters, doicument N° 427, he informs you: »The commiu-

mists during their long work at Toplica and Jablanica have commu-

mised 80% of the district, so I consider that this punitive expedition

ought to be allowed to burn and to kill, and to make even innocent

-people suffer, so that these people finally understand where the

communists have led them. We shall round up and annihilate the

broken groups of communists, 'and after this action ow detachments

should occupy this territory, 'and keap (it under their authority «.

Defendant: I do-n't know this telegram.

President: You see, tfa's telegiram is addressed to yioiu, and as
it is now evident from the facts which have emerged at the trial,
it refers to the invader's punitive expedition, which was prepared in
.May and began in June. This happened at Toplica and Jablanica at
a time when Keserovic was in difficulties and when you sent him, in
;spite of this telegram, your fourth shock detachment under the com-
mand of Racic, to assist him. Are you aware that (one of your com-
manders demanded typhus bacilli for the killing of traitors?

Defendant: There aie all kinds of fools in the world And
did I give any typhus bacilli? Who< would dare to' give them?

President: One of your commanders sent you a dispatch, which
*was received at your Headquarters, and entered into your telegram
'book N° 57 ias dispatch JVb 2649 of November 5, 1942, which reads
as follows: »Number 384 wanted typhus bacilli for Milling traitors.
Pilease order Colonel Bakic to hand them to Yalter, who will hand
them to my man.«

Defendant: It wais Major Duric who asked for this. I don't
"know this dispatch, but it is probably true. It would be impossible
to use such meains. !

24*

372

President: Bacteriologic war was talked of.

Defendant: It was talked of but nobody dared to begin it, in
his own interest. It would be impossible.

President: Here is a letter from Joca Pantic, who took pairt
in the Fourth Offensive and in February 1942 wrote to »Uncle
Branko«, that is, Zaharija Ostojic. It contains the following words:
»We set fiire to 80 huts where the deserters used to meet and a
further 6 houses belonging to deserters. We then went on through
the Trebinje forest, towards Dalmatia, and on our way we killed
16 people and burned 8 houses in the village of Cesljari, which is in-
habited exclusively by Croats. The deserters have gone to Dalmatia,
and I asked the Italians to allow us to search the Mojkovo and
Slano villages where I believe that the deserters are hiding. As I
have reported before, a great communist organization was discovered
and mass imprisonments took place at Mostar, Stolac and Tre-

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From Mihailovic's bopk of telegrams sent: Instructions to Hugo (Bora Mitranovlc)

to use discretion in cooperating with the invader "secretly and' without

geting compromised".

binje . . . We are now conducting an inquiry at brigade headquarters,
in the Buzima village, and examining some 50 prisoners, who, after
two or three series of floggings confessed to everything«. So, here
people were beaten in series? Your commanders knocked about
people in series.

Defendant: This regixm was the strongest Ustaisa region:
Imotsfco, Ljubuski and Siroki Brijeg.

President: Are you aware that your detachments in Monte-
negro handed over members of the National Liberation Movement
to the Italians, to be shot?

Defendant: No.

President: But you had just arrived there. This was in June
1942 ( reads a report of the Italian military local command at Niksic,
dated ''June 1942, relating to attempts against Italian officers. This
report was addressed to the national command at Strasevina): »Ais
a reprisal for yesterday's attempt on the lives of Italian officers,
the .shooting of 20 communists has been ordered, of which 17 have
been taken from the national prison. We beg you to hand the 17
above mentioned prisoners to the Headquarters of the Royal Cara-

373

binieri at 11.30 a. m. By order of the Chief of Staff, Major Mario
Tojri$i'el\oi«. (The president reads a letter from the General Staff of
the National Army of Montenegro and Hercegovina to the military
tribunal at Niksic): »To the national military tribunal at Niksic —
in connection with the above order« . . . (This is the Italian order)
» . . . hand over to the Royal Carabinieri Headquarters at Niksic 15
of the imost dangerous coimmunrsts in your prison. By order of the
commander, staff captain« signature illegible, but probably Bukic
Vlado.

Defendant: I don't know him.

President: Are you aware that when Bacovic and Ostojic had
organized the advance section of the Supreme Command and gone
to Bosnia, your units carried out an attack on Foca in which a large
number of people were massacred at Foca and its surroundings?

Defendant: The indictment here states with respect to "Foca
and in connection with this, that in December 1941, and in the course
of January 1942, the Cetniks massacred more than 2.000 Moslems;
men, women and children. It refers to the surroundings of Foca, Caj-
nice and Gorazde. But at that time the Partisans were at Foca.

President: The Cetniks committed the massacre, and the Par-
tisans then came and liberated Foca. There are many who know per-
sonally that at the period when the Supreme Headquarters of the
Army of National Liberation and of the Partisan Detachments was at
Foca, 3.000 rations of food were distributed every day to the poor
Moslem population. This is a well known fact. On the arrival of the
Army of National Liberation at Foca, there were still corpses of the
murdered on the bridge, as well" as under it, hanging on some parts of
it. I was just speaking of the period when Ostojic passed towards
Eastern Bosnia [This is document NQ 387, telegram JMb 459 -sent by
1002, i. e., by Major Ostojic. This telegram of August 22 says: »Eve-
rything can be found at Foca, and I hope to make a good haul. I can
hardly1 wait until I get my men together, and then I shall send these
people to hell once and for all. . .«

Defendant: Those were the Ustasas; Foca was defended by the
Ustasas who were chiefly recruited from Moslems.

Prosecutor: Were the children also Ustasas?

Defendant: No order of mine exists for the killikig of women
and children.

President: This document says further: Our troops under the
command of Majoir Ostojic 'after -a sharp and short struggle yesterday
occupied Foca. Our casualties are 4 killed, while the enemy's are
about 1.000 of which 300 are women and children.«

374

Defendant: At Foca, men from Rogatica also took part in the
fighting.

President: Bacovic reports in September 1942: »I have returned
from my Hercegovina trip. Four of our battalions, about 900 meny
started o-n August 30 through Ljubusfci, Imotsko and Podgora, and
reached the sea at Makarska. Seventeen villages have been burned.
900 Ustasais were killed and a number of Catholic priests were flayed
alive. For the first time since the capitulation we have placed the
Serbian flag above the sea iand cheered the King and Draza. Our
casualties are very small. «

Defendant: He says here that the Ustasas were killed, Ustasa-
villages burnt. This was the most terrible region in the whole
country, like Derventa in Bosnia.

President: And these places, Omis and Makarska?

Defendant: I don't know, but Mostar, Ljubuski, Siroki Brijeg:
were the most terrible Ustasa regfons.

President: And how was it that they flayed people alive?

Defendant: I didn't believe such reports.

THE ACCUSED MIHAILOVIC SAYS ABOUT ONE OF HIS CETNIKS:
»HE CARRIED A HUMAN HEAD IN HIS BAG«

President: When you received this message, did you do any-
thing to stop it?

Defendant: I couldn't.

President: Then it means that during the year 1942 you knew
quite well about the looting, incendiarism and other crimes in
Plevlje?

Defendant: No. No, I didn't know about it. Only what various
people told me. It hindered ,my political work terribly. All the
political work went for nothing if a Moslem village was burned
down. I used to hold meetings in mosques but the hatred was terrific.

President: You say that between the Ustasas and Moslems a
centuries old hatred reigned there, but what centuries old hatred
was there at Toplica, in Sumadija, Krajina, Homolje, Posavina, Po-
cerina, Zlatibor . . . ?

Defendant: That was a mutual struggle.

President: Here is 'another report from the Omis District,
(reads it) »0n September 30, 1942, at 8. p. m., Italian cars containing
130 anticofmmunist militia men caime to Omis fnom Split. They
spent the night at the Italian barracks <at Omis. On October 1, at
6 a. cm., the militia men, armed with machine guns and bombs and

375

accompanied by the Italian army, set off on foot to the village of
Gat, in the municipality of Prikopoljica. Th«ere they met 9 girls,
carrying milk for Om-iS, and shot them on the spot«. I ha;ve ommitted
a whole paragraph which tells that the anticomrnunist militia, the
moment it reached Gat, began to burn down the houses, taking first
those that were on the road. 115 houses with all theiir furniture .and
stores were burned down. The militia shot everyone they met and
in this way 89 people were killed and 30 wounded. Of all the houses
in the village only 6 were not burned down. Besides that the militia
tooted everything. At the village of Ostrovica in the same munici-
pality, 3 houses with their stores were burned down, and at Zvecane
5. The anticommunist militia was accompanied by the Italian army

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«t leroot radiodlffun*««f »xc«pt« la decoration <lu eapitalw Djiirisie p*r
«p*aa c« (|U« vout lui f«re« savoir* A htvlovlo a «t« r«fldu l« grad« <3» «o

From telegram file of the emigrant government: Slobodan Jovanovic informs Mihailovic

that all the proposed Cetnik commanders have been decorated, and that decoration

of all except Pavle Durisic has been announced Ihrough the B.B.C.

all the time the action lasted. The action began on October 1 at 8
a. m., and lasted till October 2. The lanticommunist militia burned
down houses and put people to the knife . . .

Prosecutor: This was probably an intrigue wasn't it?

President: I don't know how your commanders understood
your orders. You said »clear the terrain« and they literally wiped
it out. For example, in December 1943, Ras, that is Kalabic, in the
document Na 423, which was registered at your Headquarters and
which you must know, writes: »At Koipijari 24 active communists
were captured while sleeping and were butchered. We put them
all to the knife. . .«

Defendant: I don't know whether I received this message, but
in any case I always issued instructions not to commit such acts.

376

President: Here (is another message from Serbia: »0;n January
17, 1943, in the Posavina District, the wiping out of the communists
was completed . . . Last month, 37 illegal •communists were catptured,
of which 22 were .shot. . . 50 communist assistants were shot. A large
quantity of arm's and equipment looted from our men was found
on them. Five hundred men took part in the extermination. They
went as far as Cukarica. . .« That is document 391 and Cukarica is
in Belgrade . . . And here, so as not to tire you, I am only going to
read you one more document just to remind you: » ... To the com-
mander of the Ozren military Cetnik Corps — to the Headquarters
of the Kladanj Brigade. In the very place where the murder was
committed.« Just where your commander Momcilo Micic was killed.
This is document 363. Do you remember this commander of yours
in Eastern Bosnia?
: Defendant-: No, I do not.

President: Here ' he is represented :as -a hero. . . . «At the
place of the murder alone, 10 people were killed, and the village
burned down. In the reprisals the V'lasenka Brigade was particularly
active, especially Rajko Celonja, with his battalion. Accord'ng to
his men's statements, about 150 men and women mere killed, while
the flames of the burned village rose from all sides.« This com-
mander of yours is poetically inclined, and yet he kills men and women
and sets villages on fire. The message further reads »This was a
true manifestation of the nationalist leaders and their men, who
spontaneously, from the depth of their hearts and souls, defended
their homes, their traditions, Serbian honour, thelir King tamd Father-
land . . .« It may also be said that the people in Eastern Bosnia for
the first time became acquainted wiith the Cetniks, owing to the fact
that 150 men were (killed and the village burned, and so- on.

Defendant: It was mutual hatred.

President: So, accused Mihailovic, you have been shown cer-
tain objects, namelyj your orders and instructions, the results of which
were, as you can see for yourself, that your commanders, throughout
Yugoslavia, wherever they were, whether in Serbia, Bosnia, Monte-
negro, Hercegovina, Dalmatia or Lika, killed, burnt, plundered, mas-
sacred, violated. Did you issue such orders? If you did, admit it; if
.not, tell the Court what step's you took to (prevent this massacre
ofvthe innocent population. It is clear from the messages that y|ou
knew about it

Defendant: I did not give any orders for it. The style of tele-
grams is such that it is impossible to give instructions through them.
You have to be careful about each word in the message. A telegram

377

is not the same thing as a letter, words are spared in it. It can be
seen from the telegrams and from what was said, that I did not say;1
kill prisoners, burn down villages, kill women and children. I never
said such things. I was not informed of those atrocities against the
Moslems.

President: And against the Serbs?

Defendant: I never issued any orders.

President: Were you acquainted with this, and what steps did
you take to stop it.

Defendant: Whenever I was informed of it, I always ordered
that it should stop. Later on I found out that they were actually hid-
ing it from me. My cousin was killed by the Cetniks on Pasina Ravna.

Milutin Jankovic, at whose wedding I was a witness, was killed,
although I had sent a message forbidding it. They killed Jevrem Sumc*
who was a school-fellow of mine. He was passing through Rakovic's
territory, and was killed there. They even fought against o-ne another.
HajdUkovic carried the head of a man he had killed, in his bag.

President: Did the Cetnik units exist in order to collaborate
with the invader and to kill one another, or did they exist in order
to fight against the invader?

Defendant: There were obstacles, because certain Cetnik units
did not develop as they should have. I had no power to put them in
order. I was interfered with.

President: How do you explain the circulars which we
have read.

Defendant: Battles, mopping up operations, the conquering of
territory, the breaking up of organizations, are not a struggle di-
rected against the unprotected.

President: And what does the term extermination refer to?

Defendant: I have already said I do not quite know to what
it refers.

. THE CETNIK PLAN TO ANNIHILATE THE MOSLEMS
IN YUGOSLAVIA

Prosecutor: All this was written by you. I am going to read
you the following: »It is necessary to make preparations now for the
moving of the Moslems to Turkey or anywhere out of our territory.
On the day of the uprising, all of them will be moved and nobody will
be able to stop us doing this. At a certain moment, all the Moslems
will have to be moved from their homes. Those nearer the Croat
territories will have to go there«. Yo<u see, that wa's your attitude.

378

Defendant: Which year was that?

Prosecutor: I suppose you know when you wrote this note.

Defendant: As far as the moving of the Moslems was concern-
ed, my intention was to expel all the minorities during the inter-
regnum, that is, all those whom we would not be able to expel later
on, for instance, Germans, Hungarians and Rumanians.

Prosecutor: It means you had the same attitude towards the
Moslems even at that time.

Defendant: At the beginning, while on Ravna Gora, after the
massacres committed by the Ustasa authorities, and after the fifth
column had been formed in the country, on the coming of the Ger-
mans, I considered that absolutely all the minorities, especially those
in the North, namely the Germans, Hungarians and Rumanians, should
be expelled during the interregnum.

Prosecutor: And the Moslems also?

Defendant: If there was any talk about the moving of the Ato-
slems to Turkey, dt could only have referred to the Turks.

Prosecutor: Was this Vasic's plan?

Defendant: We talked about it, tout I cannot say that it was his.

Prosecutor: Wa's it the plan of »the Serbian cultural chib«?

Defendant: It might have been.

ORDERS ISSUED BY MIHAILOVIC BEFORE THE MASSACRES AT

VRANIC, BOLEC AND OTHER PLACES IN THE

SURROUNDINGS OF BELGRADE

Prosecutor: Did you propose that any of the collaborators-
with the invader should be decorated?

Defendant: When I proposed their names I had no idea that
they had collaborated.

Prosecutor: Please tell me whose signature this is. I do not
insist on your answering me, since I have the documents. Just please
yourself.

Defendant: That is my signature.

Prosecutor: Your signature. You wrote to Bajo Stanisicr
»Dear Bajo, on June 20, 1943 I was informed that on the territory of
old Montenegro there is a state of inactivity. The communists and
the »Greens« must be annihilated, especially in the area of the Nik-
sic District.^ '

Defendant: Bajo only played poker. The orders I issued to him
had to be very severe, otherwise he would not have done anything,
Prosecutor: Whose are these signatures?

379*

Cetnik "mopping-up operations" in Sumadija: the photographs show Cetniks
killing a patriot by taking his heart out.

380

Defendant: (Looks at the document) This is my signature.

Prosecutor: And on the other side?

Defendant: (Looks at the documnt) It seems to foe mine. . .
yes it is my signature.

Counsel (Joksimovic): (Addressing the accused) Is this your
signature o>r not?

Defendant: Yes, it is mine.

Prosecutor: (Addressing the accused Mihailovic) In this docu-
ment you give orders to the commander of the Mountain Guard of His
Majesty the King, Kosmaj Corps. It reads: »In Sumadija the com-
munists succeeded only in the Smederevo area in winning over sym-
pathizers and through them in keeping the communist groups under
arms . , . Both these groups and their sympathizers must be annihilated
as soon as possibles To annihilate the sympathizers — does it mean
to move them from one district to another?

Defendant: No, no, but it does not mean to annihilate them
either.

Prosecutor: Perhaps it means to win them over?

Defendant: No, no. But that might have been so.

Prosecutor: (reads the document): »It is high time that this
should be done and we will succeed only if our units, which are to
carry it out, are in close touch with each other and if they carry; out
these joint actions according to one plan. An order was issued to the
effect that Major Trifkovic, commander of the Avala Corps, should
coordinate these actions with those of the forces of the Avala, Sme-
derevo and Rudnik Corps and the Corps of the Mountain Guard. In
order to get precision in the direction of all the units which will be
used under Major Trifkovic, I order:

1) that a temporary command of the Sumadija Corps should
be formed whose task will be the definite wiping out of the com-
munist groups and sympathizers on the territory of the under menti-
oned corps.

The temporary Sumadija Corps Command is to consist of: The
Avala, Smederevo, Rudnik, Oplenac and Kosrnaj Guards Corps;

2) the task of this temporary command of the Sumadija
Corps is to take action exclusively against the communists in the
tnentioned territories*:.

Defendant: It was a temporary organization.

Prosecutor: Why did these corps not have the exclusive task of
attacking the Germans? That was June 25, 1944, the period before
the break- down of Germany. Why did you not start the action?

Defendant: Because I had to hold Serbia.

381

Prosecutor: Who told you you had to hold Serbia?

Defendant: I was instructed from abroad, that I was to' keep
Serbia as the kernel for the main action.

Prosecutor: Whom were you instructed by?

Defendant: By the government.

Prosecutor: And by whom else?

Defendant: McDowell.

Prosecutor: Here you wrote that only the communists should
be annihilated. You did not mention any other action.

Defendant: It was a temporary formation, which had to cross
the terrain. That is the way we issue orders in the Army, strong words
are used, in order to make them effective.

Prosecutor: (reads) »Thi>s also refers to the group of Court
Guards, and through Trifkovic, to all others; therefore I authorize
Major Trifkovic to form a Court Martial attached to the temporary
Sumadija Corps in case the commanders of the Corps do not carry
out their tasks.« Does it mean Trifkovic could try these commanders?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Do you know that about 80 peasants, — men,
women and children — were killed at the village of Vranic.

Defendant: I learnt about it from Medic's paper.

Prosecutor: Didn't Trifkovic report to you about this?

Defendant: He did not.

Prosecutor: And 2ivan Lazovic?

Defendant: A whole delegation from this area, even the judges,
came to assure me that Ithe rumours spread about him were unfounded
and asked that he should remain there.

Prosecutor: Were you able to verify this?

Defendant: I investigated the matter.

Prosecutor: Do you know that at Drugovac, which is also a
village in Sumadija, about 83 persons were killed?

Defendant: I read it in the indictment.

Prosecutor: Didn't you know it before? This was such an atro-
city that it enraged the whole Serbian people. Before that, you could
have said: I only slaughter Moslems, Croats, But then you also began
to slaughter the Serbs, and that enraged the people. Belgrade was
alarmed by this.

Defendant: These were great mistakes.

Prosecutor: Did you issue the orders for these operations?

Defendant: I do «not know. I never issued orders to kill.

Prosecutor: Think about it. The documents may put you in
an awkward position. Did you give orders for such operations?

Defendant: I don't think I (did.

Prosecutor: The massacre at Vranic took place during the night
.of December 20 — 21, 1943. 72 persons were slaughtered, while at
Bolec another 20 were butchered. The massacre at Vranic took
place on the night between the 20th and 21st and at Bolec on De-
cember 21, 1943, one after another. You issued the order: »Seged, Kis,
JRas-Ras, Dog-Dog and Romek Who are they?
' Defendant: They are code names.

Prosecutor: Ras-ras is Kalabic, Kis is Lazovic. Here you say
»0ur Avala Corps with Grocka, Vracar, Umka district are fast asleep.
These areas in the immediate surroundings of Belgrade are littered
with communists and their sympathizers. The commanders, Major
.Mihailo Jovanovic, Captain Lazovic, Captain Nikola Kalabic, Komar-
cevic and the Rudniik Corps are ordered to clear most energetically
;all the districts from South to North, especially the Kosmaj district,
"because it is important to have the Grocka and Umka districts clear
,as soon as possible.

At the same time, I congratulate Captain 2ivojin Lazovic and
-Nikola Kalabic on their promotion. The decree was issued on Decem-
ber 3, and there will be more promotions according to merit. Re-
port constantly on the actions of the others also.« On November 17
you wrote »Kosmaj has to be cleared at all costs. Act according to
the situation, so that Kosmaj -up to Belgrade is cleared in the shortest
^possible time.«

Defendant: That was a matter of organization.

Prosecutor: You sent an order in October to your commanders,
.and they carried out an action at Vranic in December . . . They carried
it out this way: At Vranic they butchered 72 persons, at Bolec 20
peasants. On January 18, 1944, you issued orders N° 546 to 548, to
Dob-Dob and Kom-Kom: »The commanders of the Avala corps
extremely inactive. 2ivan Lazovic should come to show what can be
-done.* You see 2ivan Lazovic carried out massacres at Vranic and
Bolec while you were warning them that 2ivan Lazovic was to come
lo show them what could be done.

Defendant: It does not mean that I knew what had been done.
2ivan Lazovic did what he pleased.

Prosecutor: (reads): »That is the result of your work up to the
present day^ It cannot go on like this. I shall dismiss all of you, and
J shall disperse the Avala corps . . .«

Defendant: I tried to replace them.

Prosecutor: Accused Mihailovic, did Trifkovic call on you be-
fore the massacre at Vranic?

383

Defendant: I sent for him, tout it could not be arranged.

Prosecutor: He -says: »The wiping out of the communist assi-
stants is being carried out systematically* Were yooi informed?

Defendant: No I was not.

Prosecutor: Did you know that at Drugovac, Belgrade County,
on April 29, according to the order which ybu issued on January 18,
73 persons, men, women and children, were massacred.

Defendant: No, I didn't.

Prosecutor: I have finished.

President: Counsel, have you any questions?

Counsel (Donovic): Accused Mihailovic, we have heard how
the letter »Z« was applied. Could you tell us how this letter »Z« was
removed? Were there cases when it was removed and who was empo-
wered to do this?

Defendant: The letter »Z« could have been removed only
through the BBC.

Counsel (Donovic): Were there cases when you asked the BBC
to do so and it was not done?

Defendant: I don't know.

Counsel (Donovic): Who was empowered to request the BBC
to remove the letter »Z«?

Defendant: It was done only through my stations.

Counsel (Joksimovic): Mihailovic stated here that it was a
mystery,

President: Which is identified with Mihailovic himself.

Counsel (Donovic): Accused Mihailovic, there has beea some
talk about the Moslems in the Valley of the Lim river. What was the
attitude of the Moslems in the Lim Valle^ towards the Partisans, and
-what was it towards the Cetnik detachments?

Defendant: It was about the same.

Counsel (Donovic): Who armed the Moslems in the Lim
Valley;?

Defendant: The Italians armed them.

Counsel (Donovic): Against whom?

Defendant: As their militia.

Counsel (Donovic): Against the Partisans or against the
£etnifcs.

Defendant: Against all of them.

Counsel (Donovic): Both against the Partisans and the Cetniks?

Prosecutor: But they armed the Cetniks too.

Counsel (Donovic): What was the number of armed Moslems?

384

Defendant: It was very large. All the Moslem villages joined
the militia.

Counsel (Donovic): Did you look on them as fighting troops?

Defendant: Yes. They were fighting troops which barred the
passage through their territory.

Counsel (Donovic): Please, accused Mihailovic, tell us whether
you kept typhus bacilli at your headquarters as a weapon?

Defendant: Never, As a soldier I would never have used it
where there are fronts on two sides, for typhus is an infectious dis-
ease and would return to us through the prisoners. I cannot under-
stand it. Such a means could not be used in the Army. But there were
killings. My godfather, Milutin Jankovic, was liquidated. Racic and
Predrag Rakovic shot him. Jevrem Simic, whom I asked to come to
report, was not allowed to go anywhere and was also killed. He was
killed on the way to Cacak, by Predrag Rakoviic. Kondor was killed
by Ajdacic, just as Ajdacic might have been killed by Kondor.

Counsel (Donovic): Were you in danger?

Defendant: Danger might have come from Racic.

Counsel (Donovic): Regarding the question of mass displacing
of the Moslems, there were two kinds of minorities, the cultured and
the uncultured one. !

President: Which were the cultured minorities in former Yugo-
slavia, and which were not?

Counsel (Donovic): It was the so-called state policy of former
Yugoslavia to give privileges to the cultural minorities of the Hunga-
rians, Germans and Italians, and to displace the so called uncultured
minorities of the Albanians and the Moslems. You are acquainted
with this few of former Yugoslavia, whose aim was systematically
to transfer these minorities to Turkey.

President: I ask you this because the terms used for these mino-
rities are strange — cultured and uncultured — especially as the
»Prince Eugen« division was formed from this cultured minority in
Vojvodina. Why do you use this terminology?

Counsel (Donovic): This division has nothing to do with
what I was about to sayl

President: Yes it has. Perhaps y£>u think that an uncultured mi-
nority can be put to the knife at Foca and Gorazde while the cul-
tured minority of the »Prince Eugen« may butcher it

385

MAJOR ATHERTON OF THE BRITISH ARMY AND HIS WIRELESS
OPERATOR MURDERED BY THE CETNIKS

Prosecutor: Do you know anything about the murder of the
British major, Terence Atherton? ..

Defendant: Yes I do. I notified the British authorities, and also
Hudson, who went to the spot. I investigated it in great detail.

Prosecutor: (Showing the accused documents) Is this the ma-
terial. Did Captain Uzelac investigate this case?

Defendant: He did.

Prosecutor: Were you informed of the results of the in
vestigation.?

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From Mihailovic's book of telegrams received: Frike (Rakovic) reports of his agreement
with the German staff in the area of Gornji Milanovac.

Defendant: In my opinion there were no results of the inve-
stigation. Nothing was confirmed exactly. I believe that Ljuba No-
vakovic actually planned the murder, but Spasoje Dakic probably
carried it out. The investigation did not prove anything.

Prosecutor: Do you know Captain Nedeljkovic, who came with
Atherton in 1942, and do you remember the report Nedeljkovic submit-
ted on this case?

Defendant: Nedeljkovic was not quite himself.

Prosecutor: Nedeljkovic?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Did Uzelac examine him too?

Defendant: Yes, but ask Uzelac and he will tell you whether Ne-
deljkovic was quite himself. Nedeljkovic suffered fro-m persecution
mania.

386

Prosecutor: Do you remember that the foreign radio stations
broadcast that Atherton had been killed by the Partisans?

Defendant: I didn't report that.

Prosecutor: Do you remember message N° 131 of May 30, 1942,
that you got from abroad? It reads: »Atherton is our man. He was
sent in January. Help him, a/nd take his advice«.

Defendant: I believe there was such a message.

Prosecutor: Here is another message. Who was N° 1002.

Defendant: Ostojic.

Prosecutor: Ostojic reported to you in his message of May 15,
4942: » Yesterday, on May 10, Captain Nedeljfcovic came. He is a mem-
ber of the Mission which landed on February 4, 1942, and was in
the hands of the Partisans till April 15.« Here are used the words »in
the hands of«. The letter ends »He was set free by Ljubo Novakovic,
who sent an apologetic letter.«

Defendant: Ljuba Novakovic tried to induce Atherton to
acknowledge him as the leader of the Serbs. That is Kvhy I think that
he was murdered by Ljuba Novakovic, and that the executor was so-
mebody else on the field. The investigation was conducted on those
lines, but we could not find out anything positive.

Prosecutor: Here I have all the records of the investigation.

Defendant: I gave those records to Hudson.

Prosecutor: What Ostojic reports is interesting. He says that
Captain Neddjkovic was in the hands of the Partisans and was freed
by Ljuba Novakovic who sent an apologetic letter, saying: »that the
British Major /is even worse than Marko and that he asks for help
for the communists, but cannot establish contact with Malta;, and that
he wants to see you. Now Atherton is somewhere in Bosnia, and he has
instructions to use all his power to stimulate the struggle against the
invaders You see Ostojic speaks very vaguely about Atherton, and
later on Atherton wai$ murdered. Did Ostojic know where Ather-
ton was?

Defendant: I don't think he did. I expected Atherton to oome.
His letter arrived. Perhaps Nedeljkovic also participated in the murder
because he had left Atherton and was 'not with him. Atherton had
money with him, and Ljuba Novakovic might have induced some-
body to commit the murder out of greed, because Atherton did not
acknowledge him as the leader of the Serbs.

Prosecutor: Was there a corporal with Atherton?

Defendant: Yes, a wireless operator.

Prosecutor: And was he also murdered?

387

Defendant: Yes he was, but his body was not recovered. There
was no trace of them. ;

Prosecutor: I think you are not being just to Nedeljkovid

Defendant: Nedeljkovic in general was a peculiar person. He
suffered from persecution mania.

Prosecutor: But he made statements about Atherton.

Defendant: Nedeljkovic did not remain with Atherton, but
left him, and that is what made me suspect him. When interrogated
he said: »When Dakic returned he had Major Atherton's binoculars,
and was carrying them with him.

Prosecutor: (Reads the message from which it is seen that
Dakic had always worn peasant boots, but after the disappearance
of Atherton he had brown shoes on, the same as those worn by At-
herton and his man). That is the result of the investigation.

Counsel (Joksimovic): Are these the records of the investi-
gation?

Prosecutor: That is the document which was subsequently sub-
mitted to the Court.

Defendant: Let me add one more thing: Ostojic's sister was
married to Ljuba Novakovic. Perhaps there is something in it

Prosecutor: Ostojic's telegram is interesting. What do you
think? According to all the evidence, Dakic committed the murder.
Did you send such a report to the British?

Defendant: I was of a similar opinion.

Prosecutor: Telegram NO 92, dated 1942, is also one of the
documents subsequently submitted to the Court. The end of the tele-
gram reads: »We cannot tolerate this ulcer, especially in Serbia. Ca-
refully watch whether your chief of mission is in contact with Robert-
son« Who was this Robertson?

Defendant: Robertson was Radojevic, a Serb from Canada.

Prosecutor: Was he in Spain? Did he fight during the Spanish
revolution against Franco.

Defendant: Yes, he did.

Prosecutor: The telegram goes on. Is your chief of mission . , .«

Defendant: Who was this telegram sent to?

Prosecutor: To He-He.

Defendant: That was Duric.

Prosecutor: Did Robertson write you an insulting letter?

Defendant: Robertson was in the habit of talking nonsense.
He insulted me twice, and came to apologize. The third time I did
not want to accept his excuses, but I saved his life.

25*

388

Prosecutor: Did Robertson point out to you that your units
were collaborating with the invader.

Defendant: I don't know. He was rude to me, but I used to
help him when he had to send money to his mother, and later I saved
his life.

Prosecutor: The letter is among the other documents which
the Court will produce. I shall continue to read your telegram, N<> 92:
»Your chief of mission is maintaining contact with Robertson. If you
get hold of Robertson, liquidate him immediately ,. . . <

Defendant: I didn't know I sent such a telegram. Robertson
went over to the Partisans, and was not murdered by u&.

Prosecutor: And what about this telegram?

Defendant: I liked Robertson, and he would not have been
killed as far as I am concerned.

Prosecutor: This was written by Sulbatovic. You said you used
to dictate your telegrams.

Defendant: Not always.

Prosecutor: Sulbatovic was the code man.

Defendant: Yes, he was.

Prosecutor: And what about this book of telegrams?

Defendant: Even if I dictated telegrams, they might have also
been dictated without me.

Prosecutor: Did you protest to the Chief of the British Mission
because Robertson insulted you?

Defendant: Yes I did.

Prosecutor: I have finished.

President: Have you any other questions?

Prosecutor: No, I have not.

Defendant: Let me add one more thing in connection with
Robertson: I got information that he was sent to Yugoslavia without
the consent of our government.

Prosecutor: I accept this explanation.

CONNECTIONS OF DRAGI JOVANO-
VIC, BLOODTHIRSTY POLICE CHIEF,
WITH THE ORGANIZATION OF DRA2A

MIHAILOVIC

DRAGI JOVANOVIC, ORGANIZER OF THE BANJICA CAMP, SUP-
PLIES DRA2A MIHAILOVIC'S ORGANIZATION' WITH ARMS AND
AMMUNITION AND PLACES THE ILL-FAMED SPECIAL POLICE

AT ITS DISPOSAL

President What were your connections with Draza Mihailovic's
organization?

Defendant (Dragi Jovanovic): My connections with Draza Mi-
hailovic's organization? I first established connections with Draza
Mihailovic'-s organization or with its men in 1941, and at the beginning
of 1942, by personal contact with the late Milan Kalabic and his
so/n Nikola. These connections were personal services they demanded
from me, and I did them.

President: Why did you link yourself to the organization of
Draza Mihailovic?

Defendant: I did favours to people belonging to that orga-
nization, because I was convinced that this organization would have
to do the work of national liberation and of unification of our
country.

President: So, this meant that the future belonged to it?

Defendant: Yes, that the future belonged to it, and that this
organization would direct the liberation of our country.

President: How was it that you established contact with it?

Defendant: They demanded favours from me, and I did them
those favours.

President: Was this coordination of work with this organi-
zation?

Defendant: It was help, on my part.

President: What favours did Draza Mihailovic's organization
demand from you, amd what did yooi do for them?

Defendant: I was in personal contact with certain commanders.
President: With which commanders?

390

Defendant: With Nikola Kalabic for instance.
President: And then?

Defendant: Later I made the acquaintance of Radic and Nesko
Nedic, and, at the end of 1943, of the commander of Belgrade Sasa
Mihailovic and his deputy Ivan Pavloviic, and I also did favours for
other commanders whom I did not (know personally, when they sent
people to me for help.

President: For instance?

Defendant: I did favours for the so-called Gonrpoka group,
for Keserovic, for major Orelj.

President: Who was this last man?

Defendant: He wa<s from the neighbourhood of Qbrenovac or
Sabac.

President: And Oookoljic?
Defendant: He wais in the Gornjacka group.
Prosecutor: And Piiletic?

Defendant: He did not ask anything from me; he belonged
to the Gomja-cka group.

President: In what manner did you help Draza Mihailovid's
organization?

Defendant: That is in my statement. I gave ammunition, ma-
terial and clothing, and I gave financial help.

President: Say in detail what ammunition you gave?
Defendant: I demanded 'ammunition from the Germans, always
for some ficticious reason, by pretending that I had some action
against the Partisans in view, and the surplus which I got in this
way I sent to Kalaibic, the Avala Corps, the Koismaj Brigade, and
others. I don't know exactly how much I sent. Once I sent 35 cases
with 1.500 rounds, another time 20, once I personally transported 10
cases to Vrcin and handed them over to Sasa. In this way I -supplied
them with about 100.000 rounds for rifles and about 300 hand-
grandes.

President: To Sasa Mihailovic personally?
Defendant: Yes, I gave him ten cases personally; and I also
supplied Kalabic personally.

President: How did you send this material? How did you
deliver it to Draza Mihailovic' s organization?

Defendant: I delivered it by motor cars belonging to the Bel-
grade Municipality, or by lorries (belonging to the Belgrade Pre-
fecture.

President: Did you deliver some by your own car?

391

Defendant: Yes, three times; -once I carried ammunition to
Vrcin and once to Satornja.

President: Did you send medical supplies?

Defendant: I gave a number of cases of medical supplies. This
was in 1944.

President: And money?

Defendant: I gave Kalabic a total of one million dinars.

President: Where did you get this money?

Defendant: From the confidential credit I administered.

President: Did you give any food?

Defendant: Yes; when they asked for it I gave them some from
the municipal warehouse.

President: Can you remember approximately how much you
gave?

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From Mihailovic's book of telegrams received: Valter (Sasa Mihailovic, Cetnik
commander of Belgrade) reports of Dragi Jovanovic's offer to join the organization

of Draza Mihailovic.

Defendant: I cannot remember exactly/, but I think two to three
thousand kilogram's of .sugar, a thousand kilograms of oil, etc.

President: Did you send clothing and footwear, and in what
quantities?

Defendant: I sent small quantities of clothing and footwear.
I gave them Kalabic, the Kosmaj brigade and Keserovic. About 400
pairs of shoes and three hundred sets of underwear and other
clothes.

President: Where did you get the money for these things?

Defendant: From my personal confidential credfit, which I was
in charge of a-s administrator.

President: What were your contacts with the Belgrade or-
ganization of Draza Mihaalovic?

Defendant: I was -in contact with Kalabic, and in 1943 I made
the acquaintance of Sasa MihaaloVtic.

President: Was Vlasta Petkovic one of the first organizers of
the Belgrade Draza Mihailovic organization?

Defendant: That was the first organization.

President: When 'did it start?

392

'Defendant: In 1941.

President: Who was your link with him?

Defendant: The Jink I had was an indirect one, through my
secretary, Ljuba Petrovic.

President: D'A you have any meetings, and how many, wd-th
Sasa Mihailovic?

Defendant:'! met Sasa Mihailovic, from 1943 up to the end,
four to five times, always outside Belgrade.

'President: What did you speak about at these meetings?

Defendant: We spoke chiefly about preventing the dissolution
pf -the Serbian State Guards and the Prefecture of Belgrade, and then
I explained my views about my administration of the Belgrade Pre-
fecture, and that " it was necessary to establish connections with
certain officers, in order to give him the opportunity of personally
controlling the Serbian State Guards.

President: And did Sasa Mihailovic or the Belgrade organi-
zat"on, at the head of which Sasa Mihailovic was, enter into personal
contact with the Serbian State Guards?

Defendant: This connection was established through Colonel
Radulovic.

President : And' had the State Guards connections with Sasa
Mihailovic?

Defendant: Yes, as an organization, and also individually.
: - President: Was this the army that Sasa Mihailovic would have
at Ms disposal at a certain moment?

• Defendant: This was a police force which Sasa Mihailovic
would have at his disposal at a certain moment, in accordance with
my 'ideas and his own.

President: Did you complain about persons from the Serbian
State Guards joining the tetniks?

Defendant: I complained to Sasa Mihailovic and also to the
Commander in Chief, Mihailovic, through certain of his commanders,
pointing out the consequences which would ensue if the organization
were dispersed in this way. Sasa Mihailovic told me that an order
had come prohibiting either individuals or groups from joining the
Cetniks, and obliging everyone to remain at his place and to carry
out his duties. '

President: W$s this order announced to the Serbian State
Guards?

Defendant: I had personally informed the officers of the
Serbian State Guards of this order, and they were to communicate
it to the State Guards.

393

President: Was it communicated?

Defendant: It was, and there were no departures until October.

President: What was the att.tude of the officials of the
special police?

Defendant: All state officials, as well as the officials of Bel-
grade Prefecture, had personal connections with certain members
of Draza Mihailovic's organization, as they considered that this was
the organization which enjoyed the assistance and the support of
the legal Yugoslav government abroad.

President: Did your officials know of your collaboration
with Draza Mihailovic's organization, or were you aware of their
collaboration?

Defendant: My officials knew very little about my collaboration,
but they knew that I did nothing to prevent them "from doing so.

President: Were the connections of such a character that Draza
Mihailovic's organization could appeal to the Special Police to act
in the case of certain persons?

Defendant: Certain people could da this,

President: Were the Special Police and the Belgrade Pre-
fecture ready to carry aut Draza Mihailovdc's orders if necessary?
What was the attitude of Paranos, Becarevic and Radovan Gruicic?

Defendant: When you speak of the Special Police, you are
referring to the fourth department.

President: Yes.

Defendant: I th.'nk that the fourth department would have
obeyed and carried io»ut every order.

Prosecutor: Did Becarevic and the others have dfrect connec-
tions with certain of Draza Mihailovic's men?

Defendant: Connection with Draiza Mihailovic's organization
was a thing one did not speak of. I supposed that they had these
connections and they did not hide them from me because they knew
that 'I would have taken no steps to prevent it.

President: Did Acimovic have connections with Draza Mihai-
lovic's organization?

' Defendant: Yes, I know he had.

President: From what time?

Defendant: I know that Acimovic's connections with Draza
Mihailovic's organization began at the end of 1941 and that they
reached their zenith in 1942.

President: What was Ac'movic's role in Belgrade, regarding
the organization of Draza Mihaiislovic?

394

Defendant: Acimo'vic was looked upon as the political repre-
sentative of this organization.

President: Were there facts to support this?

Defendant: There were.

President: For instance?

Defendant: Everything went through Acimovdc's hands. People
who had come to Belgrade to get in touch with Nedic went to
Acimovic first. Acftmovic was a kind of political clearing house in
Belgrade. This was also th£ case with Rakovic when he came to
Belgrade.

President: And when did he come to Belgrade?

Defendant: in August 1944.

President: Did he stay with Aciimovic?

Defendant: I saw him two or three times at Acimovic's, and
once at Ilija Mihailovic's.

President: From what other facts can it be presumed that
Acimovic was the political agent or representative of Draza Mihai-
lovic's organization in Belgrade?

Defendant: I had several discussionts with him on this question.
He was rather reserved; but from his attitude and words I was
able to deduce that he belonged to Draza Mihailovic's movement. In
fact, he didn't hide it.

President: What was Acimovic's activity and did he do anything
for the organization at the time of the congress at Ba, or before it?

Defendant: Acimovic was informed of the congress at Ba.
He told me this. He -knew as well that 2ivko Topalovic was preparing
to attend this congress and to outlaw himself. He had connections
and discussions with 2ivko Topalioivic. I got my information from
Acimovic, although he was rather reserved.

President: But 2ivko Topalovic was a socialist. How was it
that all of a -sudden he worked with Milan Acimovic who was a police-
man the whole time?

Defendant: These were friendly connections that had existed
before the war. He had been a Mayor of Belgrade.

President: How, before the war?

Defendant: Milan Acimovic first came in touch with 2iVko
Topalovic over discussions concerning the Trade Union organization.

President: From when, approximately, -did the connections of
Milan Admotyic -and Topalovic date?

Defendant: I was Chief of the General Police (in 1936, 1937
and 1938. At that period their relations were friendly.

395

President: During the occupation, before the immediate pre-
parations for the Ba congress, was this direct contact between To-
palovic and Acmovic maintained?

Defendant: I met 2ivko Topalovic ait Acimovic's several times,
and I drove him twlice to Avala, where Acimovic had a villa.

THE TRAITOR MIHAILOVIC CONCLUDES AN AGREEMENT WITH
NEDIC AT A MEETING ARRANGED BY DRAGI JOVANOVIC

President: Do you know anything about Draza Mi'baiilovic's
relations with Mi-lain Nedic?

Defendant: I know of his meeting with Milan Nedic. This was
a meeting that I myself had arranged.

President: How did you arrange it, when and through whom?

Defendant: In August I was invited by Kalabic to a meeting
ait Sellers, near Mladenovac. Here Kalabic told me to go to Topola
the next day, because there were important matters to discuss with
Racic and Nedic. So I went to Topola, but I did not find them there,
and, I had to go on to Arandelovac. There in front of an inn I saw
a bus containing Cetniks. There were three Cetniks in the courtyard.
I went through the inn 'and later I saw Nesko Nedc, Kalabic and
Racic in a room. Racic began to speak. He said: »We are convinced
of your friendship, and we have invited you to organize a meeting
between Milan Nedic and Draza. We are living now under difficult
and dangerous conditions. . . We miust collaborate. . x< I told them
that I would fulfil their wishes and bring about a meeting between
Nedic and DraSa. I asked whether Draza Mihailovic knew of this.
Racid nodded assent. I sa'd that I would speak to Nedic, and if he
agreed, that I would bring him there. I told -them also that it was
necess-ary to make arrangements. He replied: »We are d-n a hurry.
We shall expect your answer byf tomorrow at 10 o'clock. We shall
ring you up«. Afterwards I went to Nedic and said: »GeneraJ Nedic,
you have suspected me of connections with Draza Mihailovic's orga-
nization. I have now come to tell you that I have been begged to
ask you if you would meet Mihailovic«. He replied: »Of course I
will.« They telephoned me on Friday at about 10 o'clock. The call
probably came from Satornja or Topola. I answered that everything
had been arranged as we had agreed. They answered that I should
wait for news on Sunday morning. On Sunday morning I was
called up from Kosjeric on the number previously fixed upon.
The message I got was: »8 Ip. m. Draza«. It had been decided on in -this

396

way. I took my car with a chauffer -at the back and went to) Nedic,
where I arrived at about 4 o'clock. His brother Mica was there
also. I sa'd to him: »General Nedic, it is time for us to go«. It
seemed to him a little too daring to go -alone with me without ainy
guard. I answered: »Dont be afraid. That was the arrangement.* I
also told him that I had to call General Damjanovic, and I did so.
In the first car was myself and my attendant, and in the other car was
Ned c. We went by Obrenovac and Valjevo, and arrived at Razaina
at about 8 o'clock. At Raizana, a man who approached us, introduced
himself as the local commander, and invited us into his house which
was opposite the past-office. We entered a room, din which were

ft E F £ R A T
ianistarskom -Savetu

fc* uotrebe izdrzavaiqa vojske naseg HinlstM vojske.mornaric*
t Yazdi&opjLoYstva, dirissiskog djenerala Drae;oljuba M.Mihailovica u Jugoe-
laviji, molim da se octobri 40,000 engleskih xunU.

Qvaj norac ce se dostaviti dmeralu Miiiaihai lovicu tajninr ^U*
t«A U dinarima koji cirkulisu u Srbiji, pacunajuci 600 dinara za 1 funtu,

NoTac ce se a Londonu predati Enelezima,

Molim da se ovo hitno odobri*

Pretsednik Ministarskog
zastupnik Ministra rojske,mor-
narice i Tazduhoplovstva,

Request of Slobodan Jovanovic to the Council of Ministers to appove
a credit of £ 40.000 for the Cetnik organization.

Kalatnc, NeSko Nedic and Raoic They greeted Nedic and went away.
They came back later, at about half past ten, and invited us — Nedic,
Damjanovic and myself, to come with them. We started out for the
place of meeting. There was a machine gun by the road in a curve
near an old fence. In the first car were Racic and Kalaibic, and they
asked us to stop. Nedic, Damjanovic and I entered a small cottage,
and on the doorstep, Draza Mihailovic was waiting for us. He greeted
Nedic and Damjanovic, .and I introduced myself to him. We entered
a peasant room furnished with a bed, a table and two benches. In
the room, besides Dr-a£a, were Colonel Baletic, Lalatovic, Racic, Kalabic,
and amo^r, I think, Milikic. When we entered, I think that Mi-

397

hailovic offered us brandy. Nedic refused. Draza' asked us why we had
come. Then Nedic began by saying that the country was in danger,
and that he had come to see whether it was poss.ble to do anything
about it and whether he could help in any away. Nedic talked
openly of the way he imagined this help could be extended. He said
that robbery must stop, and that he would place at Mihailowc's
disposal, the sum of one hundred million dinars, for the main-
tenance of his mem. The conversation was principally about the
supply of arms, amd that Nedic should obtain arms from the Ger-
mains. Mihailovic said that he had enough troops and that he lacked
only arms and ammunition. The other officers present interrupted
frequently, with the same demand and, as far as I can remember,
asked for about 50—60.000 rifles. Finally Nedic declared that he
would procure 30.000 rifles, 500 light machine-guns and a number
of mortars from the Germans. Clothing was also discussed, and
Nedic said: »If you guarantee that none of this will be used against
the .invader, I guarantee that I shall do everything possible to
procure All this from the Germans«. Mihailovic was silent at this,*'
in fact he was silent most rof the time that Nedic was talking. At
the end Nedic said that this meeting must be kept in the greatest
secrecy. As far as I remember, I said at this meeting that if new
formations had to be created under Draza Mihailovic's command,
there ought to be less malignity and hostility on the part of the
voluntiers towards the Cetniks, and that they should not make
difficulties for each other, as they had been doing up toi the present.
Then the talk came to an end. There were a few minor questions
to be settled, and about 12 o'clock we went away. I turned ma car
round and we returned to Razana, to the local commander Durovic,
and there we three passed the night. About half past four we entered
our cars and returned to Belgrade.

President: Was the agreement carried out?

Defendant: I had no direct information about this, but I heard
that some 5 — 6.000 Italian rifles and a corresponding quantity of
'ammunition had been procured.

President: Did Nedic procure the money?

Defendant: Nedic told me that he had given 100,000.000 dinars
about ten days later, but I don't know if he gave anything more.

President: Is it possible that somebody belonging to Draza
Mihailovic or to his organization came to Belgrade to take over
this material and money?

Defendant: During the talks Nedic particularly insisted that
Mihailovic should inform h.'s commanders that they must not demand

398

this or that independently, but that everything was to be centralized.
He said that an elxpert, a commissariat officer, should, carry out
this job. It was decided that Mihailovic was to send a man to Bel-
gr/a/de who would be in touch with Nedic to receive the deliveries
he had promised. I must point out that at this time Draza Mihaillovic's
commanders determined the time for the delivery.

President: Did this man arrive, and who was he?

Defendant: Predrag Rakovic arrived.

President: Did he come in uniform, with badges, and did he
wear a beard?

Defendant: 1 saw Predrag Rakoviic at Ilija Mihaiilovic's in the
garden of a mill in King Alexander -street; he had <a beard, uniform
and badges.

THE MEETING BETWEEN DRAGI JOVANOVIC AND

MIHAILOVIC AT PRANJANI, AT WHICH THE QUESTION OF THE

TAKING OVER OF POWER AFTER THE BREAKDOWN OF THE

GERMANS WAS DISCUSSED

President: Did you see Draza Mihailovic again?

Defendant: Yes, once more. I met Kalabic >at Topola, towards
the end of August 1944, on the 26th or 27th, and told him that I had
very important information for him concerning the withdrawal of
the Germans from the Balkans. Kalabic then said to me: »This is
such an important matter that you must go to Cica.« I asked Kalabtic
to arrange this. Kalabic told me to conie to Gornja Satornja, When
I arrived at Gornja Satornja, I found in front of a caf6 isome officers
whom I had known before, because they had been working in the
national service for the rebuilding of Serbia. About 10 minutes
later Kalabic arrived. I went to see Dragisa Vas!c, who lived in the
courtyard of this caf£, I, Kalabic and Lt. Colonel Mojisilovid, who
had been formerly in the Serbian State Guards, started out to cross
Rudnik, for Goirnji Milanovac and Pranjani, where we arrived at
about 4 p. m. I found a bus belonging to the Serbian State Guards
an front of the school. Here I w.as met and greeted by imy old
acquaintance Lt. Col. Relic, who told me that my former officers
Brana 2ivkovic and Stojanovic had asked me to come to them
because they wanted to see me. I did not want to show myself too
much in the open, so I remained in the car, and told them that I was
in a hurry. After that Brana 2iivkovic arrived. Ten minutes later
Kailabic gave the order for us to start. We went in my new car,
which I drove myself. Kalabic and Mojsilovic were also in the car.

399

We travelled on a horribly bumpy road and arrived near a vineyard.
About 400 metres before the vineyard we met four men from Bel-
grade, headed by Jaksic, an engineer. I remembered him, he had
a grey moustache. I think Judge Mrvatljevic and two or three other
men were also there. They all greeted me and Kalabic went away,
saying that he was going to Draza Mihadlovic. He returned after a
quarter of am hour and said: »Let us go to Pranjani and have
supper there, because it is inconvenient to go to Cica now, as he
has — a name I heard fo<r the first time — McDowell with him.
Kalabic said that we were not going to Cica now, but later on. We
sat in the car and returned to Prainjani, to the school, and then
we had supper in a -small house near by. After 8 p. m. we returned
to the same place. General Mihailovic, with Colonel Baletic and
Colonel Lalatto-vic and some younger officers, came to meet us. Ka-
labic and I approached Mihailovic on this village road. We shook
hands with Mihailovic, and with Lalatovic and Baletic. He asked
where we were going to talk, and then added: »We can talk here
in the -orchard.* We went up to the orchard and the four of us
talked there — Mihailovic, Baletic and Laletic and I, while the
others withdrew. I told Mihailovic that I have come to give him
reliable information and to tell him that the Germans had definitely
decided to retreat from* Serbia. He asked me whether I knew how
many divisions the Germans had. I told him they had seven to eight
divisions, of which two were armoured, and were retreating from
Greece. On this occasion I told Mihailovic, on .my own initiative, that
now was the .time to occupy the towns' one after the other, and thus
make the introduction of the authority of the Supreme State Admini-
stration possible, and that this would pave the way fioir the arrival
of the Government. I did not tell h.'m anything aboiut -myself per-
sonally, except that I should like to retire. Mihailovic listened to me
attentively, but when I told him that the 'Bulgarians should be
disarmed, he firmly rejected this, because it was in contradiction to
his policy, and he declared that he would not allow the Bulgarians
to be disarmed.

President: And what did he say about the taking of the towns?

Defendant: In <a few wards, this was what he sadd: »Am I
to take them and hand them over to the communists ?« This was
practically all of our conversation. I was offered brandy and drank
a glass.

President: About how long did yo*ur conversation last?

Defendant: This conversation between the four of us might
nave lasted an hour and a quarter.

400

President: Accused Mihailovic, stand up and approach the
Court. Accused Jovanovic stand up. Approach the microphone, 'Mi-
hailovic, stand facing each other. Can you, accused Jovanovic, repeat
to the accused Mihailovic's face everything you have told the Court
now that you are confronting him?

Defendant Jovanovic: I doint know why I should repeat these
things, since Mr. Mihailovic must have heaird what I said here.

President: Accused Jovaniow and accused Mihaiilovic, look
each other in the eyes. Jovanovic, repeait to Mihailovic everything you
have told the Court.

Mihailovic and Dragomir-Dragi Jovanovic confronted with each other in court.

Defendant Jovanovic: I do not know why I should repeat it.
I think Mr. Mihailovic heard what I said. All this* corresponds
to the truth, and if he cannot remember it ...

Defendant Mihailovic: Had I- known that you were the organizer
of the Banjica Camp you would never have left Belgrade . . . Further,
all this conversation and meeting with Nedic was a great mistake on
my part. That is -quite true. It was arranged between you, Kalabic
and, as I hear, Racic ... I didn't want Nedic ...

401

SERVICES WHICH DRAGI JOVANOVIC RENDERED TO DR.
DRAGOLJUB JOVANOVIC DURING THE OCCUPATION

Prosecutor: I should like to put some more questions, which
were not put to the defendant.

President: Put the questions now that we are about it.

Prosecutor: Let Jovanovic tell Mihailovic whether he sent him
two letters through his brother-in-law Bojovic, before this meeting,
in 1942 od 1943.

Defendant Jovanovic: Yes, I did.

Defendant Mihailovic: His brother-in-law hatted him, and said
he ought to be killed.

Prosecutor: Let the defendant Jovanovic say whether he sent
a little dog to the defendant Mihailovic?

Defendant Jovanovic: On two 'occasions I sent some things
to General Mihaiiloviic, among them a little dog.

Prosecutor: Did you know Stevan Savkovic, Jo-sip Borisic,
Bosko Radovanovic, Mirko Urosevic and MatoS Brasic?

Defendant: Stevan Savkovic was correspondent of the »Bal-
kan.« He died before the war. 'Mirko Urosevic was a member of
parliament.

Prosecutor: What conections did you have with these men?

Defendant: Before the war I had connections with these men
in my capacity as chief of police.

Prosecutor: Did they do any services for you as chief of police?

Defendant: Yes, they did.

Prosecutor: Can you tell us approximately how mainy Serbs
and persons 'of other nationalites were shot in the Banjica camp?

Defendant: I gave you an approximate number of those ar-
rested by the Serbian authorities who were shot. Whom the Germans
shot and how many I could not say. They used to bring people from
Serbia, Bosnia and other parts.

Prosecutor: Was the situation such that the Germans asked
you to supply them with men to be shot as a reprisal.

Defendant: Yes, it was.

Prosecutor: Did they specify what kind of men they wanted?

Defendant: From the Serbian authorities they asked for met^
to be shot as a reprisal. When a Germain colonel was killed on the
road between Po'zarevac and Crnuce, I remember that they asked the
Serbian rauthorities to give them communists to shoot, as it was the
communists that had killed the colonel.

402

Prosecutor: When did the regent, Prince Paul, show leanings
towards Germany, and with which of the German officials did he
maintain friendly and intimate relations.

Defendant: Judging from what I saw during my travels aind
during my stay 'in Berlin and Stockheid, he maintained the friend-
liest relations with Goering.

Prosecutor: What was the nature of your connection with Jova-
novic, medical practitioner?

Defendant: Which Jovanovic?

Prosecutor: Alexander.

Defendant: Dr Alexander Jovanovic is my personal friend and
wals my doctor for 15 years. He did me great services in regard to
my health.

Prosecutor: And what services did you. do for him?

Defendant: I did all that he asked, for I considered him my
personal friend.

Prosecutor: Did you maintain any contact with the politicians,
through Dr. Jovanovic?

Defendant: I did not maintain any contact with the politicians
through Dr. Jovanovic. He is a brother of Dr. Dragoljub Jovanovid,
I knew him also.

Prosecutor: Did he ask you to do any services in connection
with his brother?

Defendant: In connection with Dragoljub Jovanovic?

Prosecutor: Yes.

Defendant: He asked for a travelling permit for his family.
I offered them rny services if they needed anything. I think he took
some fuel from me, I don't know? if he gave it to his family.

Prosecutor: Did you send any message or greeting.

Defendant: During the war?

Prosecutor: During the occupation?

Defendant: I -used to send greetings to Dragoljub and his
family. I asked whether he was in a safe place, whether he was alive.
I knew Dragoljub and I still esteem him highly. He told me that Dra-
goljub was in a safe place, in the vicinity of Belgrade, I think in the
country 'house of Dr. Alexander. I made no further inquiries.

403

THE COURT ESPIONAGE NET

Prosecutor: Before the war, while you exercised police funct-
ions, were you one of the intelligence service officials personally
and directly connected with the king?

Defendant: The chief of Police made reports for the Prefect of
Belgrade, who personally took them to the king every Thursday.

Prosecutor: Besides the Prefect of Belgrade, what other person
was in the personal intelligence service of the king? What was the
function of the commander of the Belgrade Garrison?

Defendant: He also reported to the king, I think, once a week.

Prosecutor: Was that the practice during the reign of king
Alexander also?

Defendant: It remained from Alexander's time and was the
practice during the regency of Prince Paul also.

69* 477 aa XepMana /Xypun/t21« VIII. 42 z

4paroAy(5 JoeanoBvih os HH-repeca je aa uac 3a eeay ca
Eyrapiroa. Hena Tyc-ras OJ&M&X CTynw y aeay npeKo flparoj&ytfa
oa ApcewoM CTawdojTMOKtfu.ApceH wtfje roana cire^ne weica ce no
*pa*H ApyrH.nopy^MTH Eyrapuwa jra Harosapajy eojMHKe a
KynaMa oa opysjeM H TBMO no (flyMawa .ca opraHH^yjy
aeMJLOpa^HinKe ^ere KQO H MW naiuy sojOKy,ajrH He K
CTaanneuo Hooqana cpejiorsa na pacnojro»eflbe,ajiH H*
IIOKOM Apyrow KOJM je noiDTeHwjH.AKUMja zia npnoTyne
OBO Havi Ap4ro-o»y(5 Moxe noojiyKMTst oujtfmHo

From Mihailovic's book of telegrams sent: Communication to Herman (f)urtc) that

Dr. Dragoljub Jovanovic is "of importance in establishing connection

with the Bulgars".

Prosecutor: Did Alexander have any other persons in his own
personal intelligence service? I am thinking of the politicans.

Defendant: No doubt he had.

Prosecutor: Do you remember those persons? Can you repeat
their names from memory?

Defendant: I know that at that time a political intelligence
service was created in all the political parties.

Prosecutor: Who wais in it?

Defendant: On January 6, 1929, those politicians were in it
who left their political parties and, with General Petar 2ivkovic at
their head, founded the Yugoslav National party. But I don't remember
them individually.

26*

404

Prosecutor: Did Petar Zivkovic also belong to this intelligence

service?

Defendant: It was considered that he was the best man in it.

Prosecutor: Yo<u gave some names to the examining magistrate.
Can you remember any of them now?

Defendant: They are chiefly men who afterwards joined the
Yugoslav National party. They were the men who enjoyed the confi-
dence of Petar 2ivkovic.

Prosecutor: Was Uzunovic among them?

Defendant: No.

Prosecutor: Velja Vukicevic?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Bosko Jeftic?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Velja Popovic?

Defendant: Yes, tho.se were the men who left the Radical party
and joined the Yugoslav National party.

Prosecutor: And Kosta Kumanudi?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Radmilo S toil jko vie?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Radenko Stankovic?

Defendant: Yes.

Prosecutor: Was there any otne from the Croat Peasant party?

Defendant: I don't know.

Prosecutor: From the Republican party?

Defendant: The Republican party was suppressed before that
by King Alexander, through Milovan La,zarevic; on that occasion
Jovan Donovic left the party.

Prosecutor: And how did Milan Gavrilovic stand?

Defendant: I don't know. I don't know whether he belonged
to Petar 2<ivikovic's gnoup. But I know that he was in good relations
with the Court.

Prosecutor: Who "founded the » Yugoslav Action* party?

Defendant: Sasa Stulhofer from Zagreb.

Prosecutor: Under whose protection?

Defendant: Under the protection of King Alexander.

Prosecutor: What persons were the initiators and founders?

Defendant: Dorde Peric, Sasa Stulhofer, Velibor Jonic and
some others.

Prosecutor: With what aim? Perhaps you know?

Defendant: I think at that time it was looked upon as a young
vanguard which was to succeed the Yugoslav National party.

405

Prosecutor: At that time, when you were in the police, did you
know anything about the affair of king Alexander?

Defendant: I did not know anything personally. But I heard
rumours.

Prosecutor: What rumours?

Defendant: I have described that in detail.

Prosecutor: Were you allowed to undertake any investigations
in connection with these affairs?

Defendant: No, but we were allowed to report.

Prosecutor: To whom?

Defendant:* To include in our reports what was rumoured
about these affairs.

Prosecutor: Were there such affairs?

Defendant: Well, people said that there were.

Prosecutor: For instance, mention one of them.

Defendant: The affair of Dragisa Matejic.

Prosecutor: What was that about?

Defendant: The giving of some six million dinars was ment-
ioned. People were talking about it.

Prosecutor: About 'the millions from the National Bank.

Defendant: Yes, they were from the National Bank.

MISS RUTH MITCHEL, AGENT OF THE GESTAPO

Prosecutor: Accused Jovanovic, do you know who this woman
is in the photograph? (Captain Jovanovic, assistant judge approaches
the accused and shows him the photograph).

Bpoj 246 QA 17 jyHai IlpeToeflHJtKy- jyrocjioBeHOKe
3a npeKpmaj BOJHiujKe saiweTBe H HSAajcTBO Kpa*a ic
npBfljrameu Aa ce jmiae *mHa nem.nyKOBHWK Gaio )poBHhtneBUKnneTaH
•I mraoe Apoo JoBaHOBHk,BeJiMUjq:> Tep3Hh,rieTap rBeTKOBithfp0B,noTnyKOB-
BHK Beno EyjiaTOBMh,irHHc.Tex.ua,jop BpaHKO Ilo.&aHaix,iieniaAMOKH
HKK MuieTa TSyKJili x PaTKo MapTMHOBHhtpe3.nopy^HHK HKKOJia
OBO odjaBKTM npeKO puflna jioHAOH^- lenepaJi

From Mihailovic's book of telegrams sent: Mihailovic's proposal for the degradation

of officers of the former Yugoslav Army who have joined the Army

of National Liberation.

Defendant: She was an English or American woman, who used
to come to Bled in 1939 and 1940, when I was chief of public security
there. After that I saw her, in 1941 or 1942, with Pecanac's Cetniks.

Prosecutor: Do you know her naime?

Defendant: Miss Ruth Mitchel.

Prosecutor: How do you know that?

Defendant: I used to see the woman in Bled; and I saw her,
in 1941 or 1942, with Pecanac's Cetniks. 1 asked someone who
she was.

Prosecutor: Did you see her before Pecanac concluded an
agreement with the Germans and came to Belgrade, or after that?

Defendant: Pecanac concluded the agrement in August, 1941,
on the day of the proclamation of Nedic's government, and I saw
her afterwards, in the autumn.

Prosecutor: Do you know if she had any connection with the
German Intelligence service?

Defendant: I saw her at the Gestapo with some Cetniks.

Prosecutor: Who is this on her left in the photograph?

Defendant: King Peter.

THE EVIDENCE

TESTIMONY OF TWO COMMANDERS

IN 1941

COLONEL RADOSLAV DURIC GIVES EVIDENCE OF THE TREA~

CHEROUS ATTACK OF THE CETNIKS AGAINST THE PARTISANS,

IN NOVEMBER 1941, IN THE AREA OF WEST SERBIA, AND OF

THE RAISING OF THE SIEGE OF KRALJEVO

Witness Radoslav Duric, Colonel of the Yugoslav Army, who
in 1941 was Cetnik commander in the Cacak Province:. . . At Kraljevo
we met the Commander of the Cetnik detachment. We joined there,
and began the siege of Kraljevo. The struggle lasted right up to
the time when Draza Mihailovic ordered that the siege of Kraljevo
should be raised, that the Partisans should be attacked, and Cacak
taken.

President: How did the order come, and how was it handed
to you?

Witness: The order was brought to me by Lt. Neskovic, on
November 2, 1941, >at 2 p. m. It was in an envelope,, addressed to
me personally, and signed by Mihaiilovic.

President: What was the subject of this order?

Witness: Immediately o<n the reception of the order to attack
the Partisans and take Cacak at once.

President: Did yioiu act immediately after receiving this order?

Watness: I did not act on the prder. I summoned the staff,
which was composed of the commanders, and a commissar of the
Partisan detachment, and showed the order too them.

President: Thais means that ait the siege of Kraljevo the leader-
ship was a joint one, consisting of both Partisans and Ceitniks?

Witness: It was a joint one, both Partisan and Cetnik.

President: And what happened later on, regarding this order?

Witness: We decided that the commander of the Partisan de-
tachment and I should go to Cacaik and ask what it was all about.

President: Why did you not carry out Mihailovic's order?

Witness: It was impassible to carry it out since we were en-
gaged in a great struggle against the invader, and we had our

410

eolumms, our ambulances and our doctors in common and our units
were mixed. It was impossible to allow one side to attack the other
in the course of the struggle against the invader since the fighters of
both sides were for mutual collaboration.

President: When did you go to Cacak?

Witness: I went to Cacak with the Partisan Commander Ra-
dO'Savljevic. Then I rang up Ravna Gora; Lt. Col. Dragoslav Pavlovic,
Chief of Staff of Draza M hailovic, answered the telephone. He
ordered me energetically to carry out the order and to take Cacak.
I demanded to speak person-ally with Mihailovic. He told me that
Mihailovic was at Struganik. I asked for and got contact. I asked
him what all this meant? I told him that the detachments would not
undertake this battle and that they would dissolve. He said to me:
»Let them dissolve*, and he stood by it. I passed on the decision of
Mihailovic and Pavlovic to my command and wrote, on my own,
a letter to the General Headquarters of the Partisans; to this letter
Radosavljevic added Ms remarks and requested that the fratricidal
war be discontinued, because of the struggle we were engaged in
at Krai Jem The letter was sent by courier. In the evening I returned
to the front by car. All the Cetndk commanders were there and told
me that Captain Derotoo had informed them of Mihailovic's order
received through Lt. Col. Pavlovic.

Prosecutor: What order was it?

Witness: It wais the same order I had received in writ ng. He
was told orally, in French, that he should take over the command
in case I refused to carry out the order.

President: Well, what did you do -under those conditions?

Witness: Under those conditions, I succeeded in preventing
battles on the actual front. I remained with the Staff of the command
of the Partisan detachment till 5 a. m. the next day. We discussed
what we should do. The commissar Ratko Miitrovic suggested that
I should talk over Mihailovic, and try to arrange that the fratricidal
war .should be discontinued.

President: Did you go?

Witaess: I did. At Samailo I met the Partisan detachment which
was earlier combined with a Cetnik unit. This Cetnik-Partisan de-
tachment at Kraljevo was making preparations, and being trained
to follow the tanks, for the attack on Kraljevo. One young man
from this Partisan detachment, a Bosnian, said to me: »Major, what
is happening? Milutin Jankovic came and surounded us. We did
not want to fight among ourselves.« I told him to report to the
commander and that I was going to try to prevent a fratricidal war.

411

I arrived at the bridge, and on the left bank of Samaria River there
was a mass of Oe talks and other people. I had lairdly got to the
bridge when I heard shots. Whan I approached I learned 'that Mi-
lutin Jankovic had killed the commander of the shock detachment,
called »Srecko«.

Prosecutor: Of the Partisan detachment?

Witness: Yes, the Partisan, detachment. Then we continued
to Cacak. On the left bank of the Morava the battle, led by Captain
Deroko, began. Near Cacak, a peasant came and informed me that
the Partisan commander, Mole Radosavljevic, had been arrested and
disarmed, and that he was in the Artillery barracks held by the
Cetniks. I went by car and actually found him there in the barracks.
He asked me: »What is happening ?« I told him not to worry. I asked
the commander, Lt. Katainic, what had happened to Radosavljevic,
and he said he had been arrested. I said that Radosavljevic should
go personally with me and be present at the negotiations. I ordered
that his arms should be returned to him, gave him a guard and
accompanied him to Cacak. The commander of Cacak was the Cetnik
commander Marjanovic. He was in the churchyard. During these three
days he had received the orders and sent them to the commanders to
begin the attack. When I arrived, I was told that he was the com-
mander and that I should obey his orders. I informed the commanders
that they were under my command and that they could do nothing
until I gave them orders. However, they had received the order that
I could remain there, but that they'should begun the attack which had
been prepared for the 6th of November. The attack began at 3,30 p.on.

President: Did yioiu go to Mihaiilovic >after that?

Witness: I went to RoSci the same night, I told the commanders
thait they could go wherever they liked and that they were mo longer
under my command. I came to Pranjani where I met Lalatovic and
from there I went to Rawia Gora. I came to Braid before dark. It
was on November 12 or 13. I weirut to the headquarters, but Miha-
iloviic was not there. There were Col. Dr,agoslav Pavlovic, DragiiSa
Vasic and others. As soon as I entered, Lalatovic -asked me: »Where
are the detachments?« I answered: »They are where you sent them«.
At this he jumped up and said to rue: » You,, are red«. We were
school friends. Then there was a bitter disipute, and we even pulled out
our revolvers. However, the sfi'tuaittan was somehow smoothed out.
Dragila Vasic went to meet Mihaiilovic and informed him about the
matter. When Mihaiilovic came, I asked him how this situation had
come about; he answered that we knew each other well enough
and that we should not talk about it. I asked him why, and for what

412

purpose this battle was being taught? He gave the same reasons as
earlier. I went to the cellar of the building where the headquarters
were, where there were several beds, and I sat for a while and talked
with the officers about the situation, and the necessity for renewed
unification of the forces, and the prevention of fratricidal war. On
November 14, in the evening, the B. B. C. announced that the only
legal representative of Yugoslavia was Mihaiilovic, and that all forces
should place themselves under his command. Two or three days later
came the letter of the oomimamider of the Partisan detachments,
Marshal Tito, by courier. In this letter he wrote as follows: If you are
really patriots, as the B.B.C announces, send delegates with the

OJfEKERALU MTHAiiOVlCO

VFJU UAS 3CSTTJI SKZCESET CTTTOT T f^SSTA SKZDE3ET PET

ODftBRXVAM I POHVAJLJUJF.u VAS RAT TCAC T RAD SVIH VASTH P IfiflXiNIKA Z* DOBRO
ftSftt WAT?On* 1 VABOtt WAS* OTADZBTWf* SFff'WPDITK' fcUCllU OfHJAMLfcAC J JU II
KKAJIVIMA JOJO&IJIVIJK. TOHCVN! WQEAI&J.T PB7VU* tTKr.ggT TO «.

ICJIAILOVIC
votr« 264 «t 2r>5,

J*approw0 at J'tprcci* votro t*»vaO «t c«Xwt de tou» vo» enllebtnlmm pour le
bion do rt»tro p«upl« «t pour la renirco'tlon dt notro Fatrla. faltss la parolll*
organ! sa-Uoa d&n* tout«s l«s r«glon» d« Vougoalavie. Coamjoduit Suprea* i^tar.
VI 78 - Jev&novic.

From the telegram file of the emigrant government: president of the emigrant

government, Slobodan Jovanovic, approves of and commends the work of the war

criminal Mihailovic and his collaborators. (Below is the same text in French)

authorization that the fratricidal war is to be discontinued, and arms
turned against the invader. . . This letter was received at the head-
quarters. I was not there when it arrived. I was called at about 6 a. m.
the letter was shown to me and I wias asked my opiokrn about it.
I answered that this was the only way out, and the only possible
solution. At this Dragisa Vasic started, got excited and shouted:
»Are you stall for agreement?* I answered that I was. Mihailovic did
not react to this. At -about 7 p. m. I was called to the headquarters,
and in the presence of Mihailovic, Dragisa Vasiid informed me that
I had been chosen as delegate for the negotiations with the Parti-
sans, because I was on the best terms with the Partisan headquarters,
that I was to go to the Partisan headquarters and that Lalatavid
would g»» with me. He asked me whether I was afraid of going,
because I might be killed. I answered that there was no reason

413

for that and, even if Mihailovic went alone, nothng could have
happened to him, because I had worked for a month with all the
Partisan commanders. The next day we left for Cacak.

President: Did the delegation come? Where did you meet it.
Whom did you meet? Where was the meeting arranged?

NEGOTIATIONS AT WHICH THE PARTISANS DEMANDED THE
ENDING OF THE FRATRICIDAL STRUGGLE

Witness: We came to Cacak on foot up to the lines, through
which we passed blindfolded with white handkerchiefs to show that
we were delegates. The Partisan leader placed a cart at our disposal.

President: Who was the commander of the detachment?

Witness: The commander of the detachment was Radosavljevic,
and the commissar Ratko Mitrovic. Right after that, the delegates of
the Supreme Partisan Staff came. Lola Ribar was in the delegation,
Alexander Ranko'Vic and Petar Stambolic came afterwards. We told
them that we had received no authorization 'for those negotiations, that
we had received an order to see what the Partisan leadership wanted,
and then to return. The late Lola Ribar showed us records of the
massacre of 17 Partisans by Ajdacic and his men in the Kosjeric
Commune. After that, he referred to the delivery of 360 Partisans to
the Germans in Valjevo. Their suggestion was to join forces, but
before that to purge the ranks of the instigators of the fratricidal
war. We had no authorization, so we returned and reported to Miha-
ilovid The next day Mihailovic gave us his written conditions, which
we took back to Cacak. On this occasion the English Major Hudson
asked to go with us.

President: During these negotiations did you put forward the
reasons why Mihailovic began the hostilities?

Witness: We put forward his reasons.

President: What were the reasons?

Witness: The reasons were, as Mihailovic informed us, that in
the region of Uzice seven Cetnik detachments were disarmed without
any reason, and the airfield at the Uziaka Pozega was attacked on the
eve of the arrival of the British planes. They' denied that this was
true, and said that Mihailovic's Pozega detachment, before it came
into conflict with them, attempted an attack against Uzice and that
it was routed from the Tresnjica position.

President: Under whose command?

Witness: Under the command of Vucko Ignjatovic.

414

President: After you returned from the negotiations did you
inform Mihailovic;?

Witness: Yes, I did.

President: How did he take it?

Witness: He did not say anything. He gave written conditions,
which we were to take back.

President: What did Mihailovic say? What was his opinion and
attitude concerning this attack of Vucko Ignjatovic against the
Partisans?

Witness: Mihailovic explained that Vucko Ignjatovic had
prepared this attack and had informed him about it, and that he
approved of it, because Vucko Ignjatovic guaranteed that he would
take Uzice.

President: And you informed Mihailovic later about the results
of the negotiations?

Witness: Yes, I did.

President: How did matters develop later?

Witness: The next day we took back Mihailovic's written con-
ditions, These conditions were in connection with the announcement
of the B. B. C. that all forces should place themselves under Miha-
ilovic's command. The first question was whether they had listened
to the B. B. C. and the second, whether they would accept the order
of the B. B. C. to place themselves under his command. These were
roughly the conditions. The leaders of the Partisans, through the
delegates, rejected these conditions and said that they were impossible
and that they could negotiate only on a basis of agreement between
the one side and the other.

President: When did this second meeting take place?

Witnes: The next day. It was Feuruary 19. We went away then
Without achieving any result concerning the negotiations, and on the
noad by Tafcovo there were no irnore Cetnik detachments in the line
of infantry. We came to a telephone and found that the Cet-
niks had withdrawn about 2 miles from the first lines. I informed
Mihailovic by Partisan telephone that nothing had resulted fro-m
the negotiations. He ordered, by telephone, »Go back immediately
and conclude an agreement under any conditions.-* I obeyed him and
returned. I met Lalatovic and explained this to him. Lalatovic said that
we should make terms. I said: »We drew up terms and handed them
over, but the terms were rejected. Accordingly, we can now only go
ttf the delegates of the Partisan headquarters and ask them to offer
terms which we shall accept.«

President: What were the conditions?

415

Survivers of massacres by Mihailovic's Cetnik organization, giving their testimony

before the Court and showing their injured throats. Above: Dimitrije Radosavljevic, miner

from Bjeluia, near Cacak, and Dusan Petrovic, peasant from Locika, near Jagodina;

below: Latif Lojo, peasant from Foca.

416

Witness: When I returned to Cacak it was announced by tele-
phone from Uzice that the delegates had come. One of them was
Alexander Rankovic, the other Stambolic. They presented the follow-
ing terms: 1) that a mixed investigation commission should be formed
of members of the Cetnik and' Partisan forces who would carry
out an investigation regarding the question of fratricidal war. Further,
that a mixed court should be formed, which would try all instigators
of fratricidal war; and that negotiations would be continued concern-
ing all 'other questions, until they were settled and that the next
day, at 12 a. m., on November 21, hostilities should cease and all the
units should remain in their places and the prisoners of both sides
should be released regardless of their number.

President: Was the question of the unification of the forces
discussed?

Witness: Only an alliance was discussed. After these encoun-
ters, confidence between <the fighters for the complete unification of
the forces could not be reached. When I returned to the headquar-
ters I was met at the door by Dragisa Vasic, and when I told him
that the agreement had been signed last night at 12 p. m., he started
up and said: »You have saved us.«

Prosecutor: Why did he say that to you?

Witness: The Cetnik situation was such that they would have
been probably ejected from Ravna Gora and all the positions they
held, had agreement not been reached.

President: Was the agreement observed?

Witness: In the first stage, it was; that is, till November 27, the
day on which another meeting had been fixed at Pranjani, to which
Koca Popovic, the two brothers Jerkovic and Pera Stambolid came.
Then we were informed that further negotiations could not
be carried on, that the First Offensive had started, and that we were
reqested not to let the Germans across our sector, and that the Parti-
sans would fight on their front, and that we should continue the:
negotiations when the First Offensive was finished. I agreed to this
and after that* I returned to Ravna Gora. Then the units were with-
drawn from the front. Mihailovic ordered hfe commanders to witdraw
from their positions and the troops to hide their arms.

President: This means that the proposal to resist the Germans
was not accepted?

Witness: After this order of Mihailovic, it was not

President: after the second meeting of November 27, and till
the departure of the detachments to the terrain, was there any further

417

contact between Mihailovic and the General headquarters of the
Partisan forces?

Witness: There was not.

President: Were there any talks in connection with the Ger-
man offensive which was advancing towards the liberated territory?

Witness: Between whom?

President: Between Mihailovic's headquarters and those of
the Partisan force's.

Witness: There were no talks because there was no contact.
Marshal Tito requested, over the telephone, that I should be delegated
ito keep contact with the Partisan headquarters as soon as the First
Offensive began, and proposed, as the only solution, that we should
unite as soon as possible. I telephoned to Draza Mihailovic about it
and he ordered me to come up, and isaid that he would see. We
discussed this question later and he told -me that nothing could come
of this joining of forces and that the only thing was 'for the Partisans
to place themselves under his command.

President: How long did you remain in Draza Mihailovic's or-
ganization?

Witness: Till May 20, 1944.

President: And then?

Witness: I joined the National Liberation Movement.

President: What nuottive had you. Why did you do this?

Witness: I had my reasons. In the course of 1943 I learned
through my Intelligence sources that certain Cetnik commanders
were collaborating with the invader, and in addition to this I came
across a document which I quoted in a telegram to Mihailovic, asking
him to explain what it meant. Further, certain commanders were no-
minated from the ranks of the Serbian State Guards. For instance
Ljuba Jovanovic, who was county Police chief at Zajecar, was appointed
commander of a oorps. I protested, and demanded that the command-
ers should not be appointed from Nedic's detachments, and that those
who were collaborating with the invader -should immediately be called
before the court as traitors.

Prosecutor: Were yiou engaged in any serious struggle against
the invader's forces before you joined the Army of National Li-
beration?

Witness: No, I was not.

Prosecutor: Did you receive any order from Mihailovic to en-
gage in anj^ struggle against the invader?

Witness: No, I did not.

Prosecutor: Were you expecting such an order?

418

Witness: Yes, I was.

Prosecutor: Did Mihailovic promise such an order?

Witness: He promised he would issue such an order when the
moment for it came.

Prosecutor: Did Mihailovic ever order you to carry out a ge-
neral mobilization against the Partisans?

Witness: Mihailovic ordered this on November 7, 1942.

Prosecutor: In what circumstances?

Witness: It was after .a letter I sent him concerning the ssitu-
aition in the country, and emphasizing that it was high time for the
question of the fratricidal war to be settled, as it was a fundamental
problem in the carrying on of the struggle against the invader. He
hotly repudiated this, and later appeared his order of Nov. 7. I think
you have the original telegram. The order was roughly as follows:
»A general mobilization throughout the whole country for the struggle
against the Partisans is ordered . . . The Partisans should be attacked
from the rear at the moment when they are fighting against the inva-
der. When I got this telegram, I realized that the whole policy had
changed to one of treason; the line of the Quislings. I combatted this
situation in' the following two ways: I submitted the original tele-
gram to the British Mission, I drew their attention to the situation
and asked whether they could interfere. I considered that nobody
had the right to order a mobilization of the men of the country
against their own people.

Prosecutor: Did intervention follow?

Witness: It did not.

Prosecutor: At least you were not informed of it.

Witness: No, it did not.

Prosecutor: Do you remember a Partisan action at Vladicin
Han, where the Partisans blew up a bridge?

Witness: I know, I remember it

Prosecutor: Did the B. B. C. announce that action?

Witness: Yes, it did.

Prosecutor: Did it announce that the Partisans had blown up the
bridge?

Witness: Yes, it did.

Prosecutor: Tell me, did anyone from the British Mission ask
you who blew up the bridge?

Witness: Yes, they did.
Prosecutor: What did you say?
Witness: I said the Partisans blew it up.

419

Prosecutor: Did you get any telegrams from Draza Mihailovic
about this? •;

Witness: First I got a telegram in which he said: »Inform me
immediately who blew up the bridge at Vladicin Han?« I answered
that the Partisans blew it up. Then I got a second telegram which
read as follows: »In future do not- inform the Mission about the
actions of the Partisans, and when anything is done by the Partisans,
say it was done by your detachments. «

Prosecutor: Just like that? Do you remember it exactly?

Witness: Yes, I remember it

Prosecutor: Among Mihailovic's telegrams there are some that
he sent to you. Can you remember the name of an Englishman whose
false name was Radovan or Dragi, and real name Robertson.

Witness: I remember.

Prosecutor: Do you know his full name?

Witness: He was said to be Radojevic.

Prosecutor: Was he a Serb?

Witness: A Serb from America. According to the particulars
I received from the Supreme Command.

Prosecutor: When and why did the Supreme Command send a
report on Robertson?

Witness: Robertson went with a British Major to the neigh-
bourhood of the village of Kuline. He had a wireless transmitter and
aboiut 6 — 700 pounds. At Kuline they were betrayed by a school
mistress. The Major was arrested, while Robertson escaped with the
transmitter to Jasitrebac and joined the Partisans,

Prosecutor: Did you get an order from Mihailovic to liquidate
Robertson if you caught him?

Witness: I did.

Prosecutor: When was that?

Witness: It was in the second half of October 1943.

Prosecutor: Did you pass this order on to your commanders?

Witness: Yes I did.

Prosecutor: How could you do this, when you knew that he
was an Englishman?

Witness: It was announced that he belonged to no mission at
all, that he had come on his own.

Prosecutor: Did sthe report state that he was working for
somebody else?

Witness: It was said that he was working for the Partisans,
because he had joined them.

27*

420

Prosecutor: And you passed this on?
Witness: I sent a circular to my commanders.
Prosecutor: Did you get any reply?
Witness: No, I did not.

BY ORGANIZING HIS UNITS, DAMJAN VELCEV WAS TO CHECK
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PARTISAN MOVEMENT
, IN BULGARIA

Prosecutor: The accused Mihailovic declared in Court that he-
had established contact with certain groups in Bulgaria through you,
that is, that ypu had established and maintained this contact. When,
was that?

Witness: It was at the beginning of the autumn of 1942. I
received orders to establish contact with Damjan Velcev in Bulgaria..
I proceeded to establish this conitact.

Prosecutor: Did you succeed in establishing it?

Witness: Yes.

Prosecutor: When?

Witness: Towards the middle of November 1942.

Prosecutor: Did you inform Mihailovic that you had established
contact?

Witness: I did.

Prosecutor: Who made this contact for you?

Witness: A certain Luzajic, from Nil

Prosecutor: Where did he work?

Witness: With the Nis police,, as far as I could make out. He
was a small man, but very clever. He managed to establish the contact.
At first he did not succeed because he heard that Damjan Velcev was
interned. Afterwards Luzajic succeeded in establishing contact via
Staira Planina. With two of his men he went to meet Damjan Vel-Cev's
delegate. Damjan Velcev himself could not come because he was in-
terned, but the meeting was attended by his delegates who received
the basic instructions.

Prosecutor: When and what directions did you receive from
Mihailovic?

Witness: With the order to establish contact with Damjan
Velcev I received instruction ,to ask him to organize nationalist unite
to. Bulgaria, to rally the Agrarian party to him and by this, means
prevent the spreading of the Partisan Movement in Bulgaria.

Prosecutor: Were these instructions carried out? .

Witness: They were communicated to Veil£ev's delegate.

421

THE PLAN FOR THE CREATION OF A »BALKAN UNION« WITH
THE KARABORBEVIC DYNASTY AT ITS HEAD

Prosecutor: What else did these instructions 'refer to?

Witness: It was also slated that the Goburg dynasty, by the
creation of Damjan Velcev's organization, was to be done away
with, and that after the liberation a »Ba!lkan Union« with the Ka-
radjordjevic dynasty at its head should be established.

Prosecutor: Of whom w,as this union to be composed?

Witness: Yugoslavia, Bulgaria^ Turkey, Greece, Albania, and
.Macedonia, which was to become independent.

Prosecutor: What was its object?

Witness: The object was to link up Dam j an Velcev's organd-
•z-adjion with Draza Mjih,ak>vic in order to create a 'national block in
"the Balkans, am antai-Boilsheviist blioick.

OBJiJiOI'SEEE

Majopa flp% PAflOMHPA JEW, Ha OCHOBJ OflOfSpeiia BpxoBne
OBJIAIITiyJEM, $& wo&e BOJUHTH nyHoescKHe pasrosope ca npe-r-

pywyHCKHX BOJHKX BJiaCTH H Tpa^aHCKHM JlVLmj.UQf

Authorization of Major Radomir Deda to negotiate with Roumanian traitors on behalf
of Mihailovic's organization.

Prosecutor: And your task was to establish connections with
the Greek Zervas organization?

Witness: Yes, my task was to establish connections with the
'Greek Zervas Oirgainiiza'tiion.

Prosecutor: Was this part of the same .instructions?

Witness: It was. Connections were ito be established in Greece
and Albania. I discovered one Greek who wenjt with my message,
but was quickly .arrested ajnd interned. I later learnt that he had
managed to do something. Later, the accused Mihajiloivic informed
,me that he (Mihadlovid) had direct connections with Muharem Bar-
jaktar in Albania, through Montenegro. He informed me that a link
with Greece had been established as well.

422

Prosecutor: Were you informed that Danijan Velcev had
accepted the basic lines of Mihailovid's proposal?

Witness: 1 was informed that he had accepted, and agreed
with this policy.

Prosecutor: How did you receive this information?

Witness: I .received tit from the delegates who were in touch
with him, because he was interned ait that time. But he was directing
affairs.

Prosecutor: This means that you were din contact with him?

Witness: Through Ms delegates. One of them was Zlatarev-a.

Prosecutor: Tell me, did you have direct radio connection with
Velcev?

Witness: I had no* direct connection.

Prosecutor: What connections did you have?

Witness: Through couriers, and channels which he had esta-
blished. Later, when I formed the Intelligence Department at NiS,
Luzaj'lc succeeded tin establishing links through this department.

xaneTas PodepcoH nocJialie joj Jouu

£p«499 $op XeptjaH«-»JPaflg ocTBapeaa nanuix ipij&eBa noTpedno CTyniiT;* y
ienSy' Besy ca HaitfioIaJWCTBMa aacSaacKe jpcase KOJG BWI nyKOBSHK :iyxape:i

ascesaBBKK Myxapewa sa Easy ca HEMS je 2iepn<S JlKiia nopyroi
aiiCKe BOJCKO ca^a ca cjiyadou y HpiBTimii.BpaT lepaJoB je Ksneian
Jfana upsii capawcm MyxapewoB.na OBOMG cjieayjy mucjpe oj; dpoja 500

From Mihailovic's book of telegrams sent: Instructions to Herman (Ouric)
to get into closer contact with Albanian quislings.

Prosecutor: Did he intern you about Bulgaria?

Witness: He transmitted all news to me. He informed me that
there were some detachments in the forest round Dragoman.. [This
was in connection with the first agreement about the formation of
detachments. Luz-ajik: informed one of this and I passed the informa-
tion on ito Mihailovic. But in the autumm of 1943, Luzajic was arrested
by the Germans and deported to Germany. I then reported that 1
had foist this link, so that all interrupted contacts, including the one
with Velcev, were transferred to Lazar Trklja in the autumm of 1943.

Prosecutor: What was the basic policy of the task which
Mihailoviiid had assigned to you and which, -according -fla Litzajid, had
been accepted by Velcev and his group?

Witness; The task was to gather -all forces .and national de-
tachments -together, in order to prevent them from joining the Par-
tisans and spreading the Partisan movement. All national forces

423

we«re to be amalgamated. As far as I can remember, Velcev was dn-
foinmed <ait the beginning that financial meads would be put ait has
disposal.

Prosecutor: Would you remember if I read this mess-age to you?

Witness: I would.

Prosecutor: (reads): »Message to Mr Velcev, through Ginevski
— I iam very happy to1 have established connections fa these difficult
oiroum'stainces with the Bulgarian leader Velcev, as well as wiith the
Agrarian representative, Ginevski, successor of the late Stamboliski.
Thalr common work din 1934 forms today the foundations erf Yugo>-
slav — Bulgarian reLatliions. I am fully -aware of Velcev'is hard struggle
at the time of his grave suffering ... I have ooirmecfriioms with Di-
mitrov, and I could serve as link between himself and his collabor-
ators. The collaboration of Velcev with Stamboliski's men unites the
Bulgarian people iand the army of our peiople . . . Give my regards
to V£>lcetv! and tell him that I hope our efforts may be /fruitjfiul. . «.
Inform Velcev of the text of this message . . .«

Witness: It is correct.

Prosecutor: (Shows the document to the accused Mihailovic
and asks him whether the handwriting is his).

Defendant Mihailovic: Yes.

Prosecutor: That means that the document is authentic. But,
you see that this message does not -mention this basic policy, apart
from the Soarth-SJiav Commonwealth.

Witness: It was certainly mentioned in the telegrams which
I received.

Prosecutor: Did the telegrams mention something about pre-
venting contact between the Bulgarian and Yugoslav Partisans?

1 Wftaess: I was principally concerned with preventing the
breakthrough of the Partisans to Macedonia and thus preventing
oo'ntact between the Bulgarian and Yugoslav Partisans,

THE CETNIKS DID NOT FIRE ONE SHOT AGAINST THE GER-
MANS. »DON'T SHOOT« WAS DRA2A MIHAILOVIC'S ORDER

Witness Vojislav Misic, agriculturist from Belgrade, company
commander of the Kolubara Partisan Detachment.

President: As a witness it is your duty to .speak the truth
before the Court; itintruithful and lying statements wail be punished.
What can you tell us about the events of October and November
1941, as far ,ais yiolu were concerned?

Witness: I can say that at the -beginning of November, when I
was company commander of the Kolubara Partisan detachment, I

424

was called by Draza Mihailovic and my brother Aleksiamdair Misic,.
and conducted to Struganik village. Draza Mihailovic, as well as
my brother, tried to foirce me to go over to Draza Mihailovic's
Cetniiks. After my refusal I w.as kept at Struganik, and I was a
witness when loiver 200 Partisans and members of Partisan fam lies
were escorted through Strug aniik on their way from Ravna Gora,
and sent to Mionica, where they were handed over to the Germans,
near St. Mark's ohurch.

President: Did yfou have talks with Ale(ksandiar Misic and
Draza Miihailoivic at this time?

Witness: Yes.

President: What conversation did you have with Mihailoviic
in connection with hiis trying to convince and assure you that you
should abandon your commandeTship of your Partisan company and
go over to the Cetniks?

Witness: Mihailovic tried to persuade me by saying that he
and his movement were in connection with the emigrant government,
through Captain Hudson, who was the emmissary of the British go-

4& sa&e cjiaasr.

<^™K flgjBllfrfrMfr^-'yii OB Ifr-I-.w Jaaopy u^^m^j^^^JsR oe-
scan dpptfa HSMefcyjKjOMyHHOTa o jeane w_tieTHHKa "fri<5bice orpawe^HeMaua vt Byrapa
5 apyrTBTOBS^uyracwL ma, OKO 35001 OnKOAenu' oy v can fin roetfajio ROT?*™ ^

t.Bp-787 on Xe-Xe,Bp>58 ojt 15-I-,Bama sesa CJpoj TT 235. 3a cajta jyrao "04

From Mihailovic's book of telegrams received: Report of Ras-Ras (Kalabic) to Mihailovic

on the fighting carried out by Cetniks, Nedic Field-Guards, Germans and Bulgarians

against Partisans at Kusic on Javor,

vernment at Draza Mihailovic's headquarters. He tried to assure
me that only his 'movement w>as recognized, <and that oinly he could
carry .through a mobilization iin Yugoslavia and that in this he would
be -assisted by the Allies, that the Partisan movement would never
be successful because the people would not accept it, and neither
would the Allies.

President: What was his attitude with regard to the Partisans?

Witness: His attitude was that of an adversary.

President: What were the relations between the Partisans and
the Cetniks up till then?

Witness: Up till that day — this was the night of November
2-3 — the relations were tolerable. There were no clashes except
some manor ones; but from November 3, armed conflicts began.

425

1 President: What did the accused Miha'lovic it ell you about

ihese Incidents, how did they come about, why, and by whose orders?

Witness: Draza explained that he had ordered (the liftinjg of
the blockade -of Valjevo and Kraljevo, aind that the Partisan detach-
ments should be attacked wherever they were found. He declared
that he was convinced that all the Partisan detachments would be
.annihilated. He told me that dt was only because I was Alexander
Misiic's brother .and the ©on lotf Voivoda Misic — dt was only for
these reasons that they had so much coosideratioin for me, and that
was why they had taken me out of the Partisan ranks by -a ruse.

President: And what happened to you then? How long did
they keep you?

Witness: I was Draza's prisoner till November 3, when the
Germans came from lall directions iaind encircled Strug aniik. I dfoin't
know what was their object. On this occasion a number of Cetniks
were captured. They did not resist. The Cetniks did not fire one shot.
They had received the order from Draza Mihaiilo-vic that they were
not to shoot. I was captured by the Germans, but during the night,
near morning, I escaped.

FROM THE DOCUMENTS APPENDED
TO THE INDICTMENT

REPORT OF THE CETNIK COMMANDER AND CRIMINAL

ZVONIMIR VUCKOVIC, ON THE TREACHEROUS ATTACK

ON THE PARTISANS AT GORNJI MILANOVAC

IN NOVEMBER 1941

Report of the fighting carried out by Lieutenant Vuckovid's
detachment against the communists in Gornji1 Milanovac, and niegh-
bouThood, from November 4th till November 18th, 1941,

On November 4,, 1941, at 11 a, m., while I was conferring with
the communist battalion commander Rakic about the defence of Mdla-
novac, Lieutenant- Colonel Pavlovic, Chief of the Mountain General
Staff, telephoned to me from Braici and curtly ordered me to attack
the communists at once and disarm them. Captain Reljic, commandant,
and Captain Stojanovic, whose detachment had just then arrived in
Milanovac, decided that I should go to Braid and tell Lieutenant-Colo-
nel Pavlovic that it was impossible to execute his order immediately,
as the soldiers would not be inclined to obey it, since we had just suc-
ceeded in establishing relatively good relations with the Partisans in
Milanovac. Lieutenant-Colonel Pavlovic refused to accept my reasons
and commanded me to execute his order immediately. On my way
to Milanovac I found that Captain Reljic, 'and Captain Stojatuovid with
his detachment and other officers (about 10 of them) had left Mila-
novac and were stationed in the village of Brusnica (Konjevicai hamlet).
They explained to me that they had done this in order to prepare for
the attack. As none of them wanted to return to Milanovac, I pro-
ceeded immediately to that town with a group of my men, and I found
40 of our 'soldiers disarmed there (they belonged to the detachment
which had gone toBnisnica). In the barracks my detachment, was wait-
ing for me ready for action, and was under the contaand of sergeant
Krsta K'ljajic. At the entrance to Milanovac, the communists tried to
disarm me and my group, but I resisted and demanded that they should
take me at once to their commandant. After short .negotiations with

-428

Rakic, I succeeded in the following: the arms were immediately retur-
ned to the disarmed soldiers, all the arrested citizens were released, the
detachment of Captain Stojamovdc and other officers were permitted to
.return to Mlanovac, where I brought them after half an hour. Captain
Re-ljic had in the meantime gone to Bra j id. All this cost me only my
word 'of honour that I woiuld not attack the communists; that is all
that Rakic demanded from me as a guarantee.

Next day Captain Stojanovic and I decided that the communists
.should be attacked (immediately by our forces, but lit was agreed that
I should temporarily go away to make a show of keeping my word of
honour in which the communists believed 'so firmly.

The Communists: the Takovo Detachment was in the Health
Home, and the Sumadija Detachment in the Hospital. Stojanovid's
detachment and part of Smiljanic's detachment were in the Krsma-
novic cafe and neighbouring houses, and my detachment in the bar-
racks. We planned our tasks; my detachment was to attack the
"hospital, and Stojanovic's the Health Home, I issued instructions and
handed over my detachment to sergeant Kljajic, telling him specially
to avoid killing as far as possible, for in that way we had already won
over to our ranks a certain number of communists (peasants).

In the might of November 17, Kljajid and his detachment
.suddenly encircled the hospital and 'attacked the communists, and
for 6 hours he pressed them to surrender. He was holding the
ground floor, while the communists were on the first floor. The actual
period of fighting was short. Nearly all the communists surrendered
<125 men). During the fighting I lost one soldier, Milijan Molerovic.
The communists were taken to Braid. At the same time Stojanovic's
detachment attacked the Health Home, drove the communists out of
the town in the direction of the village of Vrbava and took 10
prisoners.

After that Milanovac was firmly in our hands, <and was left in
-possession of Major Savovic's detachment, as Smiljanovid's,, Stoja-
novic's and mine were ordered to go to Takovo and then on to Brezna,
-where they were to form the main reserve. On November 7, 1941, at
10 a. m, sergeant Kljajic handed over the detachment to me, in the
•village of Takovo.

17 June, 1942

Front Lieutenant Zvommir A. Vuckovic

(Facsimile p, 20)

429»

CETNIK COMMANDER RAKO VIC'S REPORT TO

MIHAILOVIC ABOUT HIS VISIT TO CACAK FOR THE PURPOSE-

OF LEGALIZATION* WITH THE GERMANS

Report. — After the meeting on Ravna Gora on November 30,
1941, and acting under instructions received, I set off with the detach-

Documents, letters from Mihailovic, telegrams and various communications,
which confirm his treason.

430

merit in the night between the 30th and 31st from Kosttuic where
my position was, to the Ljubic District in my quarter. In the morning
of December list I was at Gor. Gorevnica That day the fifth Volunt-
eer detachment from Cacak, accompanied by three German planes,
arrived, and I met them at the school at Gor. Gorevnica. I approached,
together with another ten, with rifles -at the ready, a group of volunt-
eers, and when they saw that I had no intention of firing at them, we
began to talk in a friendly way. The Commander of the fifth Volunteer
detachment, Lt. Colonel Marisav Petrovic, asked me who I was, what
I was doing there and where I was going. I answered that I had a
detachment of 200 men with 20 automatic weapons, which was true.
I told him that myl detachment belonged to Colonel Draza and that
1 was the advance guard of his units. To the question how many
soldiers Dra>za had, I answered that he had 20.000 armed soldiers. Then
Marisav went aside and held a short conference with his officers, and
then .asked me to take part with my detachment in the mopping up
of communists in the Gornja Gorevnica area, which I did. It was
profitable for me because the Cetniks were mixed with the volunteers
and got from them supplies of ammunition, of which I had very little,
and when we parted I could have even fought them. Further, the
Cetniks told the volunteers about the heroic fights against the Ger-
mans and communists in that area under the most difficult weather
conditions, and lacking clothing, food aind ammunition. That impressed
the volunteers who had good shoes and clothing, ammunition, and
a mobile kitchen following them; and these men, who were not all
Ljotic men, admired the naked, barefooted and hungry Cetniks.

On the same day, in the evening, after the mopping up opera-
tions, Marisav called me to go with him to Cacak and to fix up rela-
tions between my detachment and . . .

At the back of this report Mihailovid wrote: »Frike — excellent
work — To be given to Cika Vasa (Dragisa Vasic).

(Facsimile p. 67)

TELEGRAM FROM FRIKE (PREDRAG RAKOVIC) AFTER THE

AGREEMENT WITH THE GERMAN COMMANDER OF GORNJI

MILANOVAC: »P ARTISAN HOMES ON OUR LIST WILL BE

BURNT AND (ONLY PARTISANS WILL BE KILLED . . . «

N. 2550 from Frike: N. 110 Continuation I: There' will be no
more arrests of our men in the territory of the German Command of
Gornji Milanovac. If a soldier of the occupying power is killed in this
territory, houses will not be burnt wholesale, but only those on our

431

list which belong to the Partisans, and only Partisans will be killed.
Lieutenant Majo was present at the second meeting. We have arranged
everything that is necessary and have arranged for the annihilation
of the communist group of Labud Labudovic, who is operating in the
districts of Takovo, Kacer and Orasac, The information service in
connection with our hunting down of this group is conducted by
Kosta Kostic, former mayor of Rudnik. We will also use Germans for
the annihilation of this group. We have agreed that Vuckovic should
use one of his units for mopping up operations in the Kacer District,
but he is to do it separately from the Germans, and illegally. His
group will not be disturbed by the Germans and others. To be
continued.

N. 2551 from Frike: No. 111. Continuation II — I have received
5000 rounds of ammunition for mopping up operations . . .

(Facsimile p. 385)

MIHAILOVIC PERMITS LEGALIZATION OF CETNIK
DETACHMENTS WITH THE INVADER

Authorization. — This is to authorize Infantry Captain Dura
Ivetic to legalize his detachment with the occupation authorities in a
suitable manner .and with the purpose of working better for his
Fatherland; but he is to try to remain on the national line. In con-
nection, with this he will be given instructions by Major Radulovic.

This is to be kept as strictly confidential. Minister of Army,
Navy and Airforce, Army General Drag. M. Mihailovic (Seal) October
12, 1942. The Free Serbian Mountains.

(Facsimile p, 259)

(TELEGRAM): THE GOVERNMENT OF SLOBODAN JOVANOVIC

DECORATES THE TRAITOR, PAVLE DURISIC, WITH THE

KARAGEORGE STAR WITH SWORDS

To General Mihailovic — All your proposals regarding deco-
rations have been accepted and will be announced by! radio, except
that of Captain Durisid. Therefore you will inform him of his award
of the Karageorge Star with Swords. Lieutenant Pavlovic has been
reinstated. V. K. seventy four — Jovanovic

President of the Council of Ministers

and Acting Minister of Army, Navy and Airforce

S. J.

(Facsimile p, 375)

432

REPORT CONCERNING THE DECORATION OF THE CETNIK

COMMANDER, PAVLE DURISIC, WITH THE GERMAN IRON CROSS,

PUBLISHED IN THE QUISLING PAPER »LOVCEN«

ON OCTOBER 11, 1944

Lieutenant-Colonel P. Durisic receives high award — Cetnik
commander Pavle Durisic, whom Nedic recently promoted to the rank
of lieutenant colonel, and appointed Assistant Commander of the
Corps of Volunteers, has been given special recognition for his milit-
ary services by the Supreme Command of the German Armed Forces,
and has been decorated with the Iron Cross by the Fiihrer.

(Facsimile p, 303}

MIHAILOV'IC DEGRADES OFFICERS — PATRIOTS IN THE RANKS

OF THE ARMY OF NATIONAL LIBERATION — FIGHTING

AGAINST THE INVADERS

Wo. 246 of June 17. To the President of the Yugoslav Govern-
ment. — For breaking the military oath and for treason against the
king and the people I propose that the following should be degraded:
"Colonel Sava Orovic, Infantry Captain Arso Jovanovic, Velimir
Terzic, Petar tetkovic, Reserve Lt. Colonel Veko Mulatovic, Major of
Engineers Branko Poljanac, Infantry Lt. Mileta D'uki£ and Ratko Mar-
tinovic, Reserve Lt. Nikola Sekulanac". Please broadcast this through
the B. B. C. — General Mdhaiilovic.

"CIKA DOKA" (MIHAILOVIC!) WRITES TO BAJO STANISic!:
J?I AM DIRECTING THE WHOLE OF THE WORK . . ."

March 9, 1943 — Dear Bajo, I have received your letter of
the 5th inst, Kontic and Jovicevic have informed me of the condi-
tions in your area and of your troops. I am extremely] happy that
the whole people have answered the first call.

You may be 'assured that the interest of the people comes first
with me. There is no reason to fear any thoughtless action on our
part, but in all our acts we must be resolute and energetic. We know
all our enemies very well, and know exactly how far we can go and
what we can undertake.

I am directing the whole of the work through Branko. No
orders are given without my permission, Branko informs me of
absolutely everything. All his proposals are considered, studied, ap-
proved, or modified. In this we are guided by the Mowing prin-
ciples: We are working only for ourselves and no one else; we are
only concerned with the interests of the Serbs and of the future Yu-

433

goslavia; an order to achieve our aim we play one enemy against
another, the same as all our enemies, without exception, are doing.
We want to achieve success with the smallest sacrifices and we want
to spare! our people unnecessary dangers, but we are also ready to
suffer the greatest sacrifices if it is necessary for the common good.
All this is taken into careful consideration. And I think that you agree
with me concerning all this.

I send you warmest brotherly greetings,

Cika Doka

P. S. Kontic and Jovicevic will report to you orally.

(Facsimile pp. 80 and 81)

"DEAR MR. BAJO (COLONEL STANISIC) I AM INFORMED THAT

ON THE TERRITORY OF OLD MONTENEGRO THE KERENSKY

ATMOSPHERE PREVAILS . . ."

Dear Mr. Bajo — I am informed that in the area of Old
Montenegro the Kerensky atmosphere prevails in regard to the an-
nihilation of communists and profiteers, especially in the area of the
Niksic District.

Thus: recently the Cetniks caught two Baletics, two dangerous
communists in Ridjand, near Niksic. One of these communists was
released in the evening of the day on which he was caught, and three
days after that 'the communists took the other criminal from the
national Cetniks. This happened in Stubi.

Krsto (Millie, jailor of the national prison in Niksic, in July,
this yiear, let out of prison five robbers sentenced to death, and ran
away with them, although they were to be shot the next day. The
jailor Minid was later caught and is alive to this day; the court
of justice and various traitors and their proteges say: the law' does
not provide for such a case, and therefore Minid should be left to be
tried after the war, in more settled conditions.

On November 6 this year, 15 robbers were let out of the na-
tional prison in Strasevina. They -were let out by former communists,
who are now nationalists. It is probable that no one will be held
responsible for this either. i

Sergeant Nikolic, commander of a Cetnik battalion, held an all-
night conference with communists in Milocani.

Recently in the forests near Go'mje Polje the Cetniks met with
communists and agreed to pass each other without firing a shot. The
same thing happened in Zla Gora and twice in Budo'S. »

434

On one occasion seven Cetniks in Zla Gora met a group of three
communists and, after reaching an agreement, parted like brothers,
promising not to shoot each other,

From a report of a national subcommittee in Grahovo, a copy
of which is in your possession, you can see that there are many other
cases which show that the communists have freedom of movement, etc.

Men from all the districts of old Montenegro are asking to be
placed under the command of Pavle Dturisac, because the communists
there are treated too mildly, and they consider that Durisic would
quickly do away with this Kerensky atmosphere. i

I know that you, as a genuine nationalist, are pained by such
cases, -and that you fervently desire the annihilation of those criminals
who mercilessly tortured and killed our people. And therefore, I
consider that you will have "enough resolution to continue with your
present national struggle.

Only, I beg you, always to. keep in mind that we are not only
in war but that we are passing through a revolution under most
difficult conditions — under the invader. The communists count
constantly and much on our "bourgeois sentimentality". Therefore we
must harden our hearts and mercilessly annihilate those bloodthirsty
destroyers of the people, as they would do -and are still doing, where
they are still maintaining themselves by means of terrorism.

"Please inform me what you have done in connection with the
above mentioned cases.

20. I. 1943

Yours sincerely
Drag. M. Mihailovic

(Facsimile p. 288)

' MIHAILOVIC'S LETTER ABOUT PREPARATIONS FOR THE
FOURTH OFFENSIVE AGAINST THE ARMY OF
NATIONAL LIBERATION

' . 222 — Bajo has already) gathered" 1200 men. P-avle has already
fathered 3000 men. Bajo's men are at O'strog, and Pavle's at KolaSin.
The Italians say that the decision, will be taken on January 2. Soj far
they allow movement to Niksic only. Pavte would* not bother as to
Wh?at movement they allow if the question of food, one million and
a half rounds, footwear and arms was hot still under discussion. There
Is a particularly great shortage of footwear. Pavle, IvamiSevid and Ra-
kocevlc/. spent the might .with' me> Today Rakocevic guaranteed that
he would get food, and shoes. He is convinced that he will get these.

435

Deputy Military Prosecutior, Colonel Milos Mime, during the trial, reading documents

from the 'captured files of the accused Mihailovic, which confirm Mihailovic's treason.

.Major , Borivoje Neskovic handed the documents during the trial. There were over a

thousand documents appended to the indictment from Mihailovic's

files and from other sources.

28*

436

Whether he gets them or -not, Pavle will set out, -but it is better to be
shod than to go barefoot. Arrange contacts and all the rest in order
to complete the preparations. What about Plecas? Did you establish
contact with Bjelajac and Mitranovic?

Mitranovic with the Dinara men could tear the Soviet republic
in two. Therefore Mitranovic should have the strongest forces in the
action. If Pavle go*es by land, he should go across Scepan Polje. It is
very- likely that he will ride.

Pavle's station is not functioning yet. I shall inform you when
we set dt up.* Let the Bosnians attack, and Racic will help them when
he .sees that they want to fight. Racic got out of Majevica with
difficulty, because the Bosnians did not fight. It is natural that Racid
will help them only under these conditions, although he is helping
them as it is, because Damjanovic continues fighting on Majevica
with his 1000 men, and Racic is helping him. The Bosnians should
fight more, and not only wait to be helped. Bjelajac should clear the
situation in his area before the main action. Ivanisevic went back
this morning.

45 — < 179 — January 1, 1943

Circular to everybody in Serbia (except Tanasko).

(Facsimile pp, 246 and 247)

FOR A MAN KILLED FIGHTING AGAINST THE INVADERS THE
CETNIKS RECEIVED FROM THE "FERRARA" DIVISION

30.000 LIRE

"The Headquarters of the Zeta Flying Detachment No, 321,
May 13, 1943, Danllov Grad. To the Commander of the 4th Cetnik
battalion Capt Spiro Stojanovic — Danilov Grad. — For the killed
deserter and rebel, the communist Jagos Kontic, the sum -of 30.000
(thirty thousand) lire hats been paid out as -a reward by the treasury
of the "Ferrara" division.

As the killing of the above (mentioned mam on January 14,
1943, was carried out by the men of the 4th Cetnik battalion with
gendarmes attached, and some peasants, send immediately a list of
persons who participated in his capture and killing including gen-
darmes and militiamen, in order that the allotted rewards may be
distributed to them.

Commander Colonel
Bajo StaniSic, signed

(Facsimile p. 297)

437

A CETNIK CRI^VIE AGAINST THE FIGHT FOR LIBERTY

Staff of the Paracin Cetnik Detachment (official), August 30,
1944. — To the Commander of the Paracin Garrison — We are send-
ing you by courier two Germans whom our troops liberated from
the Partisans, so that you can hand them over to the German autho-
rities in Paracin.

With trust in God, for King and Fatherland.

Commander,, Major
(Signature illegible)

(Facsimile p. 36)

GERMANS, BULGARIAN FASCISTS AND CETNIKS IN APRIL 1944,
IN THEIR STRUGGLE AGAINST THE ARMY OF NATIONAL
LIBERATION IN THE REGIONS OF JAVOR AND ZLATIBOR

My dear Chief Doctor — I am sending1 you a 'report on the
situation in the whole territory. The situation on April 17 was as
follows:

The Reds held Brekovo — Katici — Kusici, with forces which
were strong compared with mine. The disposition of the German
satellite forces was as follows:

Krdzaliski (Ljotic) second regiment under the command of
Marisav in Cajetina, and a battalion which went on the 17th in-st.
from Bela Reka probably to Katici.

Germans: 4000 men with some light artillery in the area of
Cajetina — Palisad — Kraljeve Vode — Kokin Brod.

Bulgarians: 1500 men at fortified Borova. Glava.

Serbian State Guards: 230 men in the fortifications of the vil-
lage of Rozanstvo.

Markovic: 360 men who were cutting off Visofco. The detach-
ments were in the advanced position of Okruglica.

Kondor: 1300 men on the line Klekovo — Ljubis — Sirogojno. He
is cutting off these routes with a reserve ready for attack,

Kalait: One battalion with 80 German's at Stitkovo, and two ,
companies at the Pavlovic Brod. Kalait himself, with other detach-
ments, is with Pavle. Cvetic: I had no contact with him. Zvonko's
detachment under the command of Lieutenant Nenadic is in Negbini,
with the Germans. !

During the 17th inst Markovic was fighting till 11 a. m. with
the Reds who attacked him with three columns. After fighting for
three hours, often at close quarters, he retreated. The Reds took
Katidi, Maca, Vodice and Sarenik and halted there.

Result: Markovic had 6 killed and 4 wounded. Reds lost 21 men.

438

For the 18th of April, I ordered Kondor to form a detachment
out of Kolarevic's brigade and during" the night to atack in the direc-
tion of Klekovo — Presjek — Kusici with 120 men, and I ordered Par-
zevic to attack Katici from Okruglice with 60 men. Both detachments
will do this, with the object of reconnoitring and the collection of
data. They will have to stay at the position they take. After this I
shall order a further attack if I am sure of success, <and this will be
a surprise attack, to be carried out during the night of April 18th —
19th. I enclose a copy of my order.

So much for the operations.

When I came to Markovic and Kondor I found that they were
working in agreement and brotherly harmony and that they maintained
close contact

After meeting with the two commanders I joined Kondor, be-
cause of the radio1 station. They have taken my arrival in 'the proper
way and I shall have no difficulty in achieving unity. Both are glad
that you sent me, because I will personally witness all their efforts
in the struggle -against the Reds.

Only it will be necessary to reinforce Markovic, for he had to
send some of his troo>ps to defend and cut off the crossing over Mo-
ravica at Divljaka, and to leave some forces at Miro-sake dm order to
prevent the penetration of the Reds from Dragacevo, and therefore
his troops cannot take any active part around Mucanj.

It would be well if you transferred Nesko to KruSCica, I -would
then, after reconnoitring, use him to attack the Reds with stronger
forces and repulse them, as they are in an awkward situation around
Kusic.

I also beg you to inform me daily by telegraph of the situation
at Ibar and Golija and in Sandzak,, in so far as you have the in-
formation.

I am informing you daily through the station about everything-
here. Do you get my telegraphic reports in time?

If you have any new instructions for me send them.

18-IV-1944 at 12 a.m.

With cordial greetings

Yours ever,

Dr. §ka

At the top of this report of Dr. Ska (Jevrem-Je§a Simid) "the
chief Doctor" (DraZa Mihailovic) wrote: "This is a mistake, as can
be seen from later reports. But, who knows? Enquiry; should be
made". At the bottom of the report the "chief Doctor" wrote in
regard to Nesko "No".

(Facsimile p. 222)

439

ON THE OCCASION OF THE MARRIAGE OF KING PETER II,

MIHAILOVIC NOTED THE OPINION OF MR. CHURCHILL THAT

"THE MARRIAGE CAN ONLY DO GOOD TO AND STRENGTHEN

THE ALLIANCE WITH GREECE"

Your Majesty, — it is with sincere pleasure that I have learnt
from your telegram that your engagement to- Her Royal Highness Prin-
cess Alexandra has been consented to by your mother, Her Majesty
Queen Mary,, Her Highness Princess Aspasia, mother of Princess Alex-
andra, His Majesty the King of Greece, Your Majesty's godfather and
His Majesty the King of England.

With the same pleasure I note that the President of the Govern-
ment and the Minister of Foreign Affairs have agreed with your
step with the proviso that you should wait for ytour wedding until
the situation in the country changes in connection with the successful
conclusion of the war. I am happy to hear from Your Majesty that
the prospects for a sure and speedy victory of the United Nations
are good.

I have 'also noted as of great significance the fact that The
Right Honourable Winston Churchill, Premier of the British Govern-
ment, who was of great assistance to you in this matter, consented
to your step and also his opinion that your marriage can onlyj bring
good, since it would strengthen the agreement and alliance of Yugo-
slavia and Greece.

I am grateful to Your Majesty for- asking me for my opinion
regarding your fateful decision, for I am in direct contact with the
people.

I beg Your Majesty to believe in rny expressions of sincere joy
in connection with your engagement to Her Royal Highness Alex-
andra, daughter of the war comrade of your late father King Alex-
ander I, and I beg you and Her Royal Highness, Princess Alexandra
to accept my cordial congratulations.

As regards the niarrriage itself, which for quite intelligible
reasons Your Majesty also desires to be modest and without ceremony,
I am of opinion that it should not be performed until I prepare the
people for it — • -as they!, are not expecting it at present — in order
that they may receive it both with understanding and enthusiasm.
I intend to make this preparation through my commanders, whose
task will be to convince the people that this step of Your Majesty
is also for their good. I need (permission from Your Majesty for this,
and as soon as I get it, I shall issue the necessary instructions for
the entire territory.

440

Thanking you personally and on behalf of our heroes for the
greetings which you have sent us, I beg Your Majesty to believe that
we will carry our sacred flag through the mountains of Yugoslavia
until final and complete victory.

Long live Her Royal Highness Princess Alexandra!

Long live Your IMajesty!

General Mihailovic

(Facsimile p, 240)

THE MOUNTAIN GUARD OF H. M. KING PETER II, WHICH
"ON NO OCCASION HAS ATTACKED THE GERMANS'1,
BEGS FOR AMMUNITION

Commander of the group of corps of the Mountain Guard of
King Peter II in the Fatherland, Confidential N. — 1944, Free Serbian
Mountains. — To the commander of the section of the German army,
Rogatica — Sarajevo. — The Mountain Guard of King Peter II, in
fighting with the ' communists, from Ivanjdca as far as the northern
regions of the mountain Devetke, has used up nearly all its ammuni-
tion, so that there are left only about 10 rounds for each rifle, and
100 — 150 rounds for each automatic rifle.

Because of this state of affairs) in regard to ammunition, it is
impossible to undertake any large-scale actions against the com-
munists, and by new counter attacks the eommiunists might regain
the lost positions and thus threaten the communication lines which
you are using now. ,

As the Mountain Guard of H. M. King Peter II hag, on no
occasion attacked the German army from ambush or trenches, but
always fought only against the greatest enemies of the whole world
— the communists, it would therefore be in our mutual interest if
you helped us with ammunition for rifles, machine guns and mortars,
so that we may continue our struggle till the final annihilation of the
communists.

For this purpose I am 'sending you my liaison officer Lieutenant
Markovic, who will inform you orally of our present most
urgent needs.

I hope that you, as a soldier and nationalist, will fully under-
stand me and grasp the situation in which we find ourselves today,
and that you will help us all the -sooner because of this.

Commander of the Moutain Guard of H.M.

the King
Major of Engineers K.

(Facsimile p, 137)

441

REPORT TO MIHAILOVIC THAT BACOVIC HAS "ACCOMPLISHED
HIS MISSION", REGARDING THE TALKS WITH THE ITALIANS

Dear Minister and Brother, I am happy that I am not far from
you and that I shall perhaps see you soon.

Your delegate and my: friend Pero Bacovic carried out cleverly,
seriously and conscientiously the task that you had entrusted him
with. You could not have found a better man for the job.

Bacovic inspected with me a large number of Cetnik forma-
tions in Hercegovina in order to get a clear picture of their value.

About all the rest he will send you an intelligent report, be-
cause he is a man who knows how to see and feel things.

Hoping to see you soon, dear Minister and Brother,

Gacko, July 16, 1942

Yours sincerely,
L Trifunovic

(Facsimile p. 272)

"ALL THE CETNIK DETACHMENTS ON THE TERRITORY OF
HERCEGOVINA ARE LEGALIZED"

Dear Cica, — The Commander has obtained permission from
the Italian Command to remain on this territory 6 to 7 days. He
asked me to inform you of everything I noticed in the area.

All the Cetnik detachments on the territory of Hercegovina
are legalized by the Italians, and receive food, arms and ammunition.
They receive no salary, but they are sometimes allotted small sums
of money. The number of organized Cetniks on the territory of Her-
cegovina is between 6 and 7 thousand. They have about 6.000 rifles
and many automatic weapons . . .

With trust in God, for King and Fatherland.

16 July 1942

Free Serbian Mountains Major

Petar Bacovic

(Facsimile p. 272)

BIRCANIN, CETNIK COMMANDER "OF HIS EXCELLENCY THE

MINISTER" (OF MIHAILOVC): "SHOULD I DISCONTINUE OR

CONTINUE THE COLLABORATION?" (WITH THE ITALIANS)

Your Excellency, my commander, Vojvoda Trifunovic-Bir-
canin, whose health has suddenly become so bad that the worst can
be expected, mot being able to inform you of an important event
which took place on the 22nd inst, has ordered me to do so.

442

Allow me, therefore, to pass on to the matter immediately.

The commander of the XVIII Italian army corps, General Spigo,
at the order of his superior Army commander, General Ro<atta, after a
telegram which Commander Bircanin sent to General Roatta (a copy
of which has been sent to you),, requested Bircanin to visit him in
order to smooth over various incidents. Bircanin, although seriously
ill, accepted the invitation and went to the Italian command, without
the knowledge or permission of his physician, to the serious detriment
of his health, Comander Bircanin had firmly resolved to tell them
openly, face to face, all that he thought; and he dad so, as you shall see
from the enclosed account of the conversation. But still, he refrained
from discontinuing the collaboration until you should order it, and
in order to gain time to get your answer, he has temporarily and
apparently smoothed over the strained relation.

In spite of the advice of the physicians, who have ordered him
absolute quiet and isolation, Commander Bircanin ordered me to
come, and, lying in bed, said in such a feeble voice that I heard him
only with difficulty: "Inform the 'Minister about the meeting, and beg
him in my name to inform me whether to discontinue or to continue
the collaboration".

I enclose an account of the conversation between Commander
Bircanin and General Spigo, at which I had the honour of being
present.

I beg Your Excellency to accept the assurances of my infinite
loyalty.

With trust in God, for King and Fatherland!

23 October 1942

Split General Staff Captain

Ivanisevic

(Facsimile p, 26)

A RESERVE SERGEANT INFORMS MIHAILOVIC IN NOVEMBER,

1941, THAT FIGHTING IS ALREADY BEING CARRIED ON "WITH

THE HELP OF THE ITALIANS"

HQ of the Priboj Cetnik Detachment, No.: Official. Posi-
tion. — To the commander of the Mountain Cetnik Detachments of
the Yugoslav Army, Draza Mihailovic, General Staff Colonel —
Ravna Cora. — According to your authorization issued by Cetnik
detachment 16, No. 283 of October 20, I have carried out the organ-
ization of the Cetnik detachment in the Priboj District (SandZak).

Today November 26, 1941, at 4 p. m. the Partisans attacked
us. After two hours battle, with the help of the Italians, we pushed

443

them back, but we expect them to attack us again any moment. They
intend to capture the HQ. We shall defend otwselyes to the beet
of our ability.

Please,, Commander, send us as soon as possible the officer
whom you promised us as the commander of the detachment. Only
send us a good man, otherwise we ask your (permission bo appoint
one of ourselves.

Please, send us, by the bearer of this! report, a seal for our
detachment and let it be made of rubber, without a handle.

Please send us instructions in connection with all the above
mentioned matters.

26. 11. 1941 Banja, near Pribor on the Lim River

Dragisa D. Jovanovic
Reserve Sergeant

(Facsimile p, 151)

FROM THE FOURTH OFFENSIVE: "IF THEY (THE PARTISANS)

APPEAR ON THE CLIFFS, THEY SHOULD BE STRONGLY

ENGAGED BY THE 22 (ITALIANS) . . ." WRITES

CIKA DOKA (MIHAILOVIC)

Dear Branko. — We can have no better line than the Drina —
Piva* as a defence line. We 'must defend it with strong forces with
a high morale. Therefore do not abandon the flying brigades.

You -said that you have two brigades in reserve for the whole
sector from Ustikolina to Scepan Polje. Are there no more?

It is well that y|ou issued the order for decisive defence on the
present positions. The .morale should now be high.

If they appear on the cliffs, "they should be strongly engaged by
the 22. Yesterday they helped well.

The evacuation of the population, if it wants to foe evacuated,
should be carried out via Cajnice, Plevlje and further to Kolasin, and
we can later take it over to Hercegovina.

You can remain there. Arrange everything that is necessary
for the /best defence and reconnaissance on the other side.

Telegrams are just being received. As soon as we de-oode them
we shall send them to you.
28. Ill, at 9. 10 hours.

Greetings, Ciika Doka

(Facsimile p. 181)

444

CETNIK COMMANDER VOJISLAV LUKACEVIC REQUESTS
THROUGH PAVLE DURISIC, "THAT THE AIRFORCE (ITALIAN)
SHOULD BOMB USTIKOLINA, WHICH IS FULL OF PARTISANS"

Cvimi, 29. III. — Pavle, I was attacked, but tin spite! of every-
thing I have managed up to now to retain all the positions.

A^L H

^>-B^^

Letter of Cetnik commander Vojislav Lukacevic to Pavle Durisic in which he asks
that the Italian airforce should bomb Ustikolina.

445

You should request that the airforce should bomb Ustikolina
which is full of Partisans.

I have considerable losses.

They have many mortars and a light gun.

They will probably renew the attack tonight.

Inform the Italians in Cajnice that I have regained the positions
so ithat they don't bomb me tomorrow, for the liaison officer has
gone somewhere with the radio station.

Send me my station in order that I may keep contact.

Voja

(Facsimile p. 444)

CONNECTION OF THE WAR CRIMINAL DOBROSAV JEVDEVIC

WITH GENERAL ROATTA, ITALIAN SUPREME COMMANDER

FOR THE BALKANS

Your Excellency. — I have returned from Knin and Split. The
first transport has safely arrived., All the troops will bivouac till the
arrival of Branko and the whole force. We have got all we could
from the Italians. Dalmatia is in a ferment; the 'attitude of the pro-
Yugo'slav Croats is not clear at all. Andelinovic, former cabinet mi-
nister, is doing us much harm with his pro-Partisan propaganda. In
Hercegovina the situation is satisfactory, and there is no danger of
anyone attacking us in the rear while we are in the Dinara. I am
sending you 'Several leaflets issued by Maceik mien in Zagreb and Split.
Their tone is very varied. In order to examine the mood of the Italians
I proposed in a discreet way to the Italian supreme commander, Ro-
atta, that in case they should lose the war their army should perform
police service in this zone, while we finish our work. He was not
offended and reported tq Rome. All is psychologically prepared for
the Dinara, both with our men and the Dinara men. If we win, fthe
Partisans will be liquidated for ever, but if we should lose, it would
be fatal, for our defeated detachments, after their return to Herce-
govdna would bolsfaevize this zone also. As victors we could force our
return by land without asking the Italians.

Yours respectfully,
Dob. Jevdevic

I have asked Niko Bartulovic and Dr. Arneri for a report on
the situation in Dalmatia among the Croats inclined to Yugoslavia,
and told them that I shall acquaint you with their report. I enclose
their original report.

(Facsimile p. 318)

446

A CETNIK LETTER: "5.000 RIFLES HAVE BEEN ALLOTTED
TO OUR MEN FROM ROME"

Dear Zare, the results of the Commander's visit to Susak are
enormous.

1) 2.000 rifles have been given for Dinara and 1.000 for Lika
(4,00 for the South zone — Medik, and 600 for the Northern zone —
Otocac. Commander of the South zone is General Staff Major Radu-
lovic, and of /the Northern General Staff Major Bjelajac).

2) A plan hais been set them for decisive battle against the
communists of Bosnia; the putting into effect of this plan will begin
with the so called "minor operation", of which we have already
informed you.

3) Mihic has been attached officially by the Italians also (by
General Roatta) 'to the vojvo-da who has been given regular papers
which entitle him1 to move freely in the territory of the Vth, Vlth
and XVIIIth Italian army corps, i. e. in the whole territory occupied
by the Italians (Hercegovina, Dahnatia, Lika, part of Croatia and
Slovenia).

4) From 'Rome 5.000 rifles have been allotted to Ljubljana
for our men, and delivery has just begun. This was accomplished by
Captain Kostic at the order of the vojvoda and to the general satis-
faction of all.

5) During October 6.000 rifles will be delivered in instalments
to Dinara and 3.000 for Lika.

We realize that the condition for all this is to stop action
against the Croats and Moslems, for they are protesting to Germany,
which is again exercizing pressure on Rome.

The fundamental interests of the common cause demand that
we should not be attacking now, when we are expecting so much
from them. The Moslems and the Ustasas, i, e. the Croats, will be
called to account sooner or later. There is time to* settle accounts with
.them, for they harve nowhere to go; they will remain under o>ur hand,
I believe that you are of my opinion.

I am deeply convinced that you will know how to solve this big
question in accordance with the highest interests of our people. Voj-
,,vada Bir£a<nin must in any case be with Cika E>oka, for otherwise the
loss would be terrible • and irreparable.

Greetings from
Your Ra§a

(Facsimile p, 327)

347

A NOTE

Bernardo: No. 22 are Italians,, No. 11 are Germans, No. 33 are
Ustasas and No. 44 are Home Guards.

(Facsimile p.

"CIKA DOKA" (MIHAILOVIC) WRITES TO HIS CHIEF OF STAFF

"CIKA BRANKO" (ZAHARIJE OSTOJIC) TO "SEE TO IT THAT

NO. 22 (ITALIANS) SEND AT LEAST ONE COMPANY TO THE

RIGHT BANK OF THE DRAGOCEVO RIVER . . ."

Dear Cika Branko,

Reljic, who went with two of Topalovic's N.C.O.-s to the vil-
lage of Selista (north of Dragocevo), has returned and informed me
that the fugitives! have gone further up Cajetina. The peasants say
that they were the -supply column of Andreja Vesovic. I noticed that
there were -about 50 to 70 men and several horses. I even saw some
small cattle which (they, drove. What I have been observing for hours
is being confirmed. This group -started from Selista along the right
bank of the Dragocevo river and proceeded to the saw-mills. They
were even singing. When they neared the saw-mills a 'bomb was thrcrwn
at them from -a mortar and they made an orderly retreat.

Quieten Voja and tell him who wais in this "column", but see
to it at any rate that No, 22 sends at least one company, as quickly
as possible to the right bank of the Dragocevo river. This company
should be placed above the saw-mills. It is not necessary to cross it
for the moment The terrain is suitable for the cutting off of that line.
During last night I noticed fires lit by the fugitives. Some of our forces
should also be sent there. It would be best to find about 50 men and
send Lazarevic there.

Report what you have undertaken.

7. IV. 23 hours.

Cika Doka

(Facsimile pp, 168 and 149)

"BRANKO" ANSWERS "CIKA DOKA" AFTER 40 MINUTES: "NO. 22

REPORTS THAT A BATTALION WAS SENT TOWARDS THE

DRAGOCEVO RIVER . . .."

Dear Cika Doha, I have already sent -a report to Voja about,
the fugitives whom you noticed today, and explained the matter to Mm,

No, 22 reports that a battalion was sent towards the Dragee evo*
'river. He -reports that ait twilight this. 'battalion went behind the patrols*,
During the night I shall (send 50 men in the direction of the saw-milk.

448

Momcilovic reports that the Bolsheviks again tried to cross
the Ustikoilina, 'but they were repelled and the crossing prevented. The
battle began at 8.45 p.m. I ordered him to report to me through
No. 22.

7. IV. 23, 40 hours

Greetings
Branko

At the back of this communication Mihailovic wrote: "Noted —
It should however be ascertained whether battalion 22 actually went
to the Dragocevo river. No. 46, S-IV, 12.05 hours"

Cika D.

(Facsimile p. 170)

ISTVAN (PETAR RACOVIC) TO CIKA DOKA (TO DRA2A
MIHAILOVIC): "...ITALIANS WANT TO TALK TO YOU . . ."

Dear Cika Doka — Since our last parting, there have been con-
stant disagreements among us. I have sent you a detailed report by
Voja. Jevdevic has at last been freed from police surveilance. Biroanin
has gone with his staff to Split. Jevdevic is! travelling with an Italian
general, who has come from Rome and who, by all appearances,
belongs to the Intelligence service. Jevdevic hais informed me that
this Italian general has asked to meet me for the purpose of nego-
tiation. I refused this meeting for the simple reason that all negoti-
ations with the Italians can be carried out by Jevdevi£. Jevdevid
has informed me that this general told him that Pavle Duiisid and
I intend to make a revolution in Montenegro and Hercegovina, The
Italians are cunning, and want to know the details of our organization,
and therefore this general visited all our troops which were in the
vicinity of the roads. Jevdevid has wiritten to you at length about
his and Vojvoda's case, and also that the Italians want to have a talk
with; you. In no case should anyone speak with the Italians in your
name. All the others can talk and negotiate, but not you. I reminded
Jevdevic to point out to the vojvoda also, that no one should talk
with the Italians in your name, as no one has a right toi do so. You
know that you are the ideal of our people, and the people would
not take it well. Don't think that I ana advising you, but t know the
feelings of the people, who wish that you and your cooperators should
remain in the free Serbian mountains without any intimate cooperation
with the invader. Those three who landed near Nevesinje were noticed
by the Turks and some Croats who live in the vicinity.

449

As soon as you receive this report concerning all questions
and requests, inform me at once by courier, through Cap-tain Ruzic,
or Captain Pejovic or Lieutenant Popovic, Gacko. They will be in-
formed as to my whereabouts. I am going on a journey with Captain
Salatic and Captain Kovacevic in order to visit the districts and give
detailed instructions.

An Italian officer in company with Mihailovic's Cetniks,

With trust in God, for King and Fatherland.
August 3, 1942 Istvan

Free Serbian Mountains

At the back of this report, Mihailovic wrote: "Ostojic to be
informed of this".

(Facsimile p. 86)

OBLIGATIONS UNDERTAKEN BY CETNIK COLONEL BA JO STA-

NISIC TOWARDS THE ITALIAN INVADERS REGARDING THE

QUESTION OF JOINT COOPERATION AGAINST THE ARMY OF

NATIONAL LIBERATION

The Committee of the Montenegrin nationalists from Podgo-
rica and the Zeta Valley — for their part bind themselves:

450

1) to wage uncompromising war against communism and com-
munists in Montenegro, against that greatest international enemy;

2) the leader of the Montenegrin nationalists from Podgorica
and the Zeta Valley, Colonel Bajo J. Stanisic, either personally or
through his delegates, to be in constant contact with the chief com-
mand of the Italian troops in Montenegro for the purpose of coming
to an agreement for the execution of common action in the struggle
against communism in Montenegro;

3) to exclude from the movement all politics and only to keep
to the struggle against communism in Montenegro;

4) Italian troops shall maintain order in the towns; in villages
this task is left to the Montenegrin nationalists. The work of securing
the lines of communication will be divided by agreement;

5) The Montenegrin nationalists, regardless of the final result
of the war, will never use their arms against Italian troops.

With mutual respect, confidence and loyalty we shall adhere
strictly to the obligations we have accepted.
March 6, 1942, Podgorica

Lieutenant-Colonel Bajo J. Stanisid (signed)
The signature of the Italian commander is illegible.

(Facsimile in Serbian p. 284 and in Italian p, 492)

FRAGMENT FROM A LETTER ABOUT THE PREPARATIONS OF

THE CETNIKS FOR PARTICIPATION IN AN OFFENSIVE AGAINST

THE ARMY OF NATIONAL LIBERATION

I shall do everything to facilitate the transport if it is
allowed. I must point out that all my reports on the movements
of German and Croatian divisions were proved to be true, and this
is now also confirmed by the Partisan radio station. At the same time
I must inform you that I have been told today by the Italian Supreme
Command that a great plan for a general attack on the Partisans
has been completed and that in this attack the Italian, German, Cro-
atian troops and our forces will take part in cooperation with the
Italians. In answer to your question, they confirmed the fact that it
is likely that Montenegrin troops will take part in this operation
too. I informed you of this by telegram. In connection with this, it
is more and more evident that our plan of action will be realized only
if we are a part of the troops in the Halo-German general plan for
the. destruction of the Partisans. I have always pointed out to Voj-
voda BirCanin and also in my reports to you, that we cannot carry
out our plan independently of their action, because the direction of

451

the advance of the Italian and German forces from Ban] a Luka and
Lika coincide with the direction we have determined for our troops.
We have to< take this into account in order not to be disappointed
later at your having made a plan on the basis of untrue reports which
were inexact, not only as to numbers, but also, what is more important,
as to the independence of our forces here. I should personally prefer
that they destroy the Partisans without our aid, which they probably!
will do, considering the large forces they ha,ve at their disposal* and
thus we would be spared the accusation of devastating Serbian
regions . . .

"WE NEGOTIATED WITH THE USTASA REPRESENTATIVES AND
REACHED AGREEMENT WITH THEM"

Headquarters. The Sandzak Cetnik Units. Strictly Confidential
No. 137. June 13, 1942. Position — In order to prevent the entry of
the communists into Boca, and disorders in the town itself, and to
reestablish order because plundering and persecutions have already
begun, we negotiated with the Ustasa representatives and reached
the agreement with them that 100 Cetniks be put under the command
of Lieut. Stimec for the keeping of order and prevention of an even-
tual attack of the communists who have 8 battalions 011 the other
side. A letter from the communist Commander asking the people to
fight against the invader has been intercepted. This letter has been
sent to that division through the commander of the Italian forces at
Cajnice.

The Cetnik troops are on the line which they have reached
according to the agreement with the representatives of the Croatian
authorities which provides that the situation at Foca and the surround-
ings should remain as it is until the decision of the Governor of
Cetinje, under whose protection aire the Cetnik forces of Pavle Du-
risic, Commander in Chief of all Cetniks in Montenegro and San-
dzak. The Cetniks especially insisted that the Italian governor should
decide on the question of Foca because the representative of the
Croatian army, Colonel Jaifcovljevic, at his meeting with the delegates,
spoke disparagingly of the competence of the Governor and the Ita-
lian troops to solve this problem. •

I beg that the delivery of supplies, be immediately resumed,
for otherwise we shall be obliged to disband the troops and! leave the
terrain; the communists would at once t^'ke advantage of this; they are

29*

452

on the other side of the Drina, and have already concentrated 10 bat-
talions in the surrounding's of the village of Trbusice, ready to enter
this territory as "soon as we withdraw.

Commander-Maj or
Petar Bacovic

(Facsimile p. 229)

THE USTASA SOLDIERS DECLARE: "THE CETNIKS HAVE
TREATED US WELL"

Statement — We undersigned Ustasa soldiers certify by our
signatures that the Cetniks of the Montenegrin National Forces
treated us well, that we were not ill-treated nor beaten, that our
property was not touched and that we were set free at Foca according,
to our own wishes.

SIGNED

Anton Medic, from Vranac, Vojnica District

Adem Karic, from Zenica,

Ivan Kulaja, from Proslap, Prozor District,

Marko Bazina, from Kocerin, Mostar District,

Gal j an Mujic, from Visegrad,

Vinko Sapina, from Bistrane, Visoko District,

Margita Pero, from Klipcic, Mostar District

Jozo Matijevic, from Lobasic, Maglaj District,

Ivan Maslac, from Dubrovndk,

Mate Braos, from Sarajevo,

Fran jo Knezevic, from Fojnica,

Nikola Vuletic, from Dubrovnik,

Blaz Culjak, from Gornji Dragac.

(Facsimile p. 227)

A LETTER TO AN USTASA COMMANDER, SIGNED
BY MIHAILOVIC

To! brother Mata Maticevic, commander of the Croat detach-
ments in the region of Vares — Vares. I am very satisfied with the first
results of the meetings with you. I count much on your cooperation
and your personality .as a man of the people, who has succeeded in
attracting such considerable forces to himself and directing them to-
wards brotherly cooperation and agreement

No\fr broad roads are being opened to us, offering us the pos-
sibility of intensifying ooir work and of reaching full agreement and
cooperation against the common enemy.

453

The units under your command shall in future bear the name
of Croat units within the Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland, under
the Croat flag, and the name of a celebrated Croatian according
to your choice (for instance "Croat Corps of Stjepan Radic").

Jozo Uroznik describes to the Court a massacre by Cetn'.ks in the environs
of Prozor 1942. On that occasion he lost a hand.

JMy delegate, brother Mustafa Mulalic, has come into contact
with Islamovic, commander of the Moslem Militia. As soon as these
talks are concluded, I hope 'that we shall be able to settle this question
in the best possible way, at our joint meeting.

We already consider you, brother Mato, to be in secret
cooperation with us, and it will be of the greatest significance for

454

the whole of our people if we succeed in making this cooperation
public.

At our ,meeting:, the question of your title and rank in the army
will be decided according to youtf work so far.

December 29, 1944 Front

With brotherly greetings,

(L. S.) General Drag. M. Mihailovic (signed)

(Facsimile p. 218)

MIHAILOVIC'S LETTER IN CONNECTION WITH THE NEGOTI-
ATIONS WITH THE USTASAS: "...THANK HIS EXCELLENCY
(PAVELIC) IN MY NAME FOR HIS KINDNESS . . ."

Supreme Command April IS, 1943.

Dear -Mr. B. — I thank you for the information y)ou sent me
about the result of your talks with His Excellency, with the aim of
entering upon a joint struggle against the Partisans. In a separate
letter, enclosed herewith, will 'be found all the necessary decisions as
regards the object of these negotiations and the concluding of a favo-
urable arrangement. My desire is to draw attention to the proposal,
and to my proposed personal visit to' His Excellency. Therefore I ask
you to Ibe kind enough to inform His Excellency of the contents of
this letter.

1) In the first place please thank His Excellency for his kind
invitation which he sent through you. For reasons of principle, expres-
sed in the course of these four years, I cannot, unfortunately, accept
his kind invitation.

2) But you must assure His Excellency that it is not for consi-
derations of my personal safety, since I am convinced that His Excel-
lency would give me absolute protection in his area.

3) In the course of these four years I have never been separ-
ated from my troops. My commanders also, when I acquainted them
with the proposal of His Excellency, pointed this out, and expressly
begged me not; to break this tradition and thus cause uneasiness among
my ranks.

While asking you to convey truly these reasons to His Excel-
lency, I take the, opportunity of asking His Excellency to trust com-
pletely the officers whom I have sent to negotiate, and thus to make
possible a successful conclusion of this undertaking for the benefit of
both our peoples. Please emphasize to him my determination that I and
all my subordinate commanders and troops, in putting into effect the
projected agreement, will keep strictly to the conclusions accepted by

455

the delegates in the name of the Supreme Command. For my part,
I express my hope and deep conviction that Hds Excellency and his
commanders and troops will also be imbued with the same spirit of
adherence to their word of honour.

In conveying the contents of this letter to His Excellency,
please convey my respects him to.

I thank you for the efforts you are making in carrying out this
work of national importance, and I believe that in future also, every-
where and in all cricumstances, you wall know how to serve the inte-
rests of our Fatherland, which, I hope, will give you due recognition.

Cordial greetings,

Yours,
General Dragoljub Mihailovic

(Facsimile p. 295)

MIHAILOVIC'S LETTER TO ARCHBISHOP STEPINEC

Your Eminence, Having flooded Serbia and other Serbian
regions the communist wave has also begun to flood the regions
inhabited by the Croat people. It is getting bigger every day and
threatens soon to flood your regions, as was the case last year here
in Serbia. At his first meeting, the bearer of this letter had the oppor-
tunity to inform Your Eminence about all the sufferings which com-
munism has caused the Serbian people during recent months.

Believing it my duty at this moment to draw the atten-
tion of Your Eminence, as the spiritual leader of the Croat people,
to all the horrors of an eventual communist conquest of the Croat
territory, I have the honour to enclose herewith a report which will
show Your Eminence my views on the present military and political
situation. The bearer of this letter will be at the disposal of Your Emi-
nence and can supply any further information.

Regardless of the factors and circumstances which uised to
separate us and which might still do so, I consider it my duty to
ask Your Eminence to 'use all Your influence and efforts to engage all
the national forces of the Croat people in the struggle against the
Bolsheviks. In sending you this letter I assure you of my belief that
Your Eminence, following the great examples of your predecessors,
will fulfil all the duties and tasks which confront Your Eminence in
these difficult days. The place in history which Christian posterity, and
the Croat people, will accord to Your Eminence, will depend upon how
Your Eminence interprets these duties and tasks.

456

In that conviction and, hope I recommend to you the bearer
of this letter and ask Your Eminence to accept the expression of my
highest esteem.

Supreme Command Army General

April 15, 1945 Dragoljub Mihailovid

To His Holiness Dr. Alojzije Stepinec
Archbishop of Zagreb and Croat Metropolitan.

(Facsimile p, 99)

MIHAILOVIC'S PROJECT FOR "THE CLEARING OF THE CAJNICE

REGION OF TURKS"

222, 6 — 364. In connection with the project for the clearing
of the Cajnice region of Turks, I have ordered Pavle to make the
necessary preparations with Voja for the middle of January. It is
probably the aim not only of the Italians but also of the communists
to penetrate among the Moslems. We are in possession of >a report
that the communists wish to create an island of their own around
Zelengora, i. e., around Curevo, and another island around Cajnice.
All this should be viewed in connection with their push from Majevica
towards the south. You should immediately reconnoitre the regions
of Curevo and Zelengora to see if there is anything there, as these
data have been got from a communist courier from Bosnia who has
been caught. I am awaiting a report from Pavle about the success or
failure of Rakocevic. In any case Pavle is coming. I have ordered
Voja to establish direct contact with you. Voja's signal is RO. I repeat
RO. I repeat RO. I have ordered that the station which moves with
the Montenegrins should immediately establish contact with you.
I shall communicate its signal to- you as soon as I get it from Pevec.
I told Pavle to prepare the attack on the Cajnice region through
Voja. The attack is to proceed from four points, from Priboj, Usti-
praca, Boca and Celebic. Why is Bajo all the time complaining and
asking for help when we have 1400 rifles in the Cajnice and Foca
districts? We are ready to -help them, but we want to see first that
they are also ready to fight.

January 2, 1943.

222 — 5 — ' 343 — To you and the Hercegovinians

warmest greetings

(Facsimile pp, 200 and 201)

457

DURISIC'S REPORT TO MIHAILOVIC IS A TESTIMONY OF
CRIME: "ALL MOSLEM VILLAGES IN THE THREE ABOVE
MENTIONED DISTRICTS HAVE BEEN COMPLETELY BURNED
DOWN. VICTIMS AMONG THE MOSLEMS: 1200 COMBATANTS
AND UP TO 8000 WOMEN, OLD MEN AND CHILDREN"

Headquarters of the Lim — Sandzak Cetnik Detachment Strictly
confidential, No., February 13, 1943, Front

To the Chief of Staff of the Supreme Command. — The action
in Plevlje, Cajnice and Foca districts against the Moslems has been
carried out.

The operations were executed exactly according to orders. The
attack began at the appointed time.. All the coimmanders and units
carried out their tasks satisfactorily.

The resistance of the enemy was weak from the very begin-
ning. The only serious resistance was at the Trebesko Brdo. It lasted
4 hours, and was then broken.

On the night of the 7th of this month our detachments had
already reached the Drina river, so that the battles were mostly
finished on that day, and then followed the purging of the liberated
territory. All Moslem villages in the three above mentioned districts
have been completely burned down, so that not one of their houses
has remained undamaged.

All property has been destroyed except the cattle, wheat and
hay}. In certain places the collection of fodder and food has been
ordered, so that we can set up warehouses for reserve food supplies
and food for the units which have remained on the terrain in order
to purge it and to inspect the wooded areas, as well as to establish
and strengthen /the organization on the liberated territory. During the
operations, complete annihilation of the Moslem population was un-
dertaken, regardless of sex or age.

Victims. — Our total losses were 22 dead, two of which lost
their lives accidentally, and 32 wounded.

Among the Moslems: 1200 fighters and about 8000 other
victims: women, old men and children.

During the first operations, the Moslems fled towards Metaljka,
Cajnice and the Drina river. A small part of the population found
refuge in Metaljka. It is believed that there are 2.000 fugitives in
Cajnice, atnd some succeeded in crossing the Drina before our units
had cut off the retreat in that direction. All the rest of the population
has been annihilated.

458

The morale among the Moslems has fallen. Panic, caused by
Cetnilks, has 'Spread among them so that they were in -utter confusion.
Action of the invader in Plevlje and Cajnice consisted simply
in .safeguarding his garrisons against eventualities.

I shall send a detailed report later, together with appendices
and sketches.

Commander Major
Pavle P. Durisdc

(Facsimile p, 202)

A CETNIK DOCUMENT OF NEW CRIMES AGAINST THE

MOSLEMS: 1000 WOMEN AND CHILDREN KILLED, AS WELL AS

400 MEN; AND 33 VILLAGES COMPLETELY ANNIHILATED

Headquarters of the Lim — Sandzak Cetnik Detachments,
Strictly confidential No. 23; 10-1-1943, front — To the Chief of Staff
of the Supreme Command — the front. The action on the right bank
of the Lim river in Bijelo Polje District is finished. It was executed
exactly aoording to plan. The result of this fight is:

1) The following Moslem vilages entirely destroyed (Region:
Plevlje, Sjenica, Pec and Kolasin):

Voljavac, Gubavaca, Radijevlja, Usakovid, Presecenik, Batu-
rici, Donj'i Vlah, (Region Plevlje); Murovici, Solja, Radojeva Glava,
Pobratici, Medise, Do>nja Kostenica, Stublo, Vrh, Zmijinac, Sipovice,
Negobratina, Osman Begovo Selo, Dupljaci, Jasen, Kostid, Ka§enar,
Ivanje, Godijevo, 2ilici, Gornja Crnca, Gornji Radulici, Vrba, Crhalj,
Kradezik, Sipanje, Licine (Region Sjenica— Pec). In all 33 villages.

2) Losses of Moslem fighters about 400; women and children
about 1000.

Our losses: 14 dead and 26 wounded, of which 3 are women,
These considerable losses of ours were caused not by bad lead-
ership on the part of our commanders, but because the soldiers were
not sufficiently cautious while making heroic onslaughts on the Mo-
slems, who had shut themselves into their houses.

Commander, Major
Pavle DuriSid

(Facsimile p. 261)

A TELEGRAM TO MIHAILOVIC, ABOUT GIVING A LIST OF
COMMUNISTS TO THE "RIGHT QUARTERS"

N. 314 from Azed. No. 12, 4-1. — Today I received a list of
communist's in PoSega from Disa Jovanovid, which was drawn up at

459

your orders. I immediately forwarded it through the proper channels
to the right quarters. UPN.

(Facsimile p. 364)

THE BLOODTHIRSTiINESS OF THE CETNIK COMMANDER
KONDOR, ACCORDING TO WHOSE LISTS THE GERMANS SHOT

PATRIOTS IN UZICE

No. 11014 from Kondor. No. 64. 22-XI — At Uzice communists
have been arrested for two nights already according to the lists
given by this Staff to Tomovid, official of the town police, who is in
our 'service. Kolic, chief of the German Intelligence Service, has also
helped in this matter; the data at our disposal have been indirectly
made known to him. I am informed that on the night of 21/22 inst.
several communists were shot. The communistsi had begun to show
signs of activity, criticizing us loudly and calling us fifth columnists,
and spreading panic through the town, but we have now outwitted
them. Kondor.

(Facsimile p, 353)

THE CETNIKS ASKED THE INVADER TO SHOOT 300 PATRIOTS

BECAUSE THE PEOPLE EXECUTED THE TRAITORS BLA2O

BUKANOVie AND BAJO STANISIC

No. 9861 from Dra-Dra. No>. 60, 22-X- For the murder of Bajo
and Blazo I have asked our men in Podgorica to appeal to the Ger-
mans through Arsa Petrovic, to shoot 300 communists released from
the prison at Bar, who were again arrested in Podgorica. To be
continued.

No. 9862 from Dra-Dra No. 66-X- Continuation. Vaso Vukcevic.

(Facsimile p. 348)

ALL THE CETNIK COMMANDERS IN MONTENEGRO HAVE
ACCEPTED COOPERATION WITH THE GERMANS

No. 1272 from Bene. No ... 27-1 — All the commanders in
Montenegro have accepted cooperation with the Germans; they have
signed an agreement. There is not a single group in the forests. The
news about the coming of the Serbian army is everywhere greeted
with enthusiasm, but the arrival of Ljotid's men hais encouraged their
supporters and they are threatening that whoever is not with them
is a communist. In the towns hardly any one will resist them, for
this formula exposes everyone to the hand of the invader as a com-
munist. Continuation.

(Facsimile p. 367)

460

VUCKOVIC WITH 130 SELECT CETNIKS HAS PLACED HIMSELF
UNDER THE COMMAND OF A GERMAN LIEUTENANT

No. 5288 from Stipa. No. 415, 20-IV — Vuckovic, with 130
select Cetniks, has placed himself under the command of a German
lieutenant Kerper, and is now -south of the village of Jasenova at Bela

fipsa^cii CBwje rrpa,Bana»Hapowro cm npa.Bi*«. C«JUMLTCI.. i CWRO w» r& wory ynotpe- \

5HTJU

gp«5288 o^eML^.EE.415 Ofl 20>IV^BytnfOBftti. 9* l^ft_aJqt.ftl^HK3C. ggJMMB*
ev*mae-iioJi^*^lM*tiv<FOT nopy^MHa Jtopne^iji^a^^c^
li^^ cat!

e « ^ 35 «.4eta&Hy cuTyannjV npsenMx jaswj tn
»41 7 o,n 20-IV^

From Mihailovic's book of telegrams received: Drska (Colonel Jesa Simic) reports that

Vuckovic (Zvonimir), with his Cetniks, has placed himself under

the command of a German officer.

Glava. I have ordered him to come at once to Okruglica and reinforce
our troops there. Kondor has sent you a detailed report on the situ-
ation of the Reds. Dr. Ska.

MIHAILOVIC'S TELEGRAM: "I REPEAT, USE SECRET TACTICS,
BUT DO NOT GET COMPROMISED"

No. 577, 13-XII-43. Hugo (Mitranovic): Our struggle must not
be compromised. Take all .steps to prevent being compromised. If you
use tactics, then use tactics but they must be secret. I repeat, use
secret tactics but do not get compromised.

(Facsimile p. 373)

FROM THE BOOK OF TELEGRAMS: "DR. TOSO PEROVIC FROM
TREBINJE IS MAINTAINING CONTACT WITH THE GERMANS

No. 12. 792 from Nav-Nav. No. 299, 23-VI. — Dr. ToSo Pe-
rovic from .Trebinje, who is maintaining contact with the Germans,
has secretly informed me that the Germans have urgently called him
to Sarajevo. Nav-Nav. End.

DRAGI JOVANOVIC ENTERS INTO CONTACT WITH THE

ORGANIZATION OF DRA2A MIHAILOVIC "ON

CONDITION OF ABSOLUTE SECRECY"

JVo. 41 1 from V alter. — Dragi Jovanovic* offers his services
through BoMnovic" on condition that absolute secrecy is preserved and
that he will maintain an apparently hostile attitude. He wants contact

461

only through one person. I think we should use him. Please answer
and keep it secret. Use the code name Adolf for him. As Minister of
Police he will have two deputies, one of whom will be an officer with
the rank of Lt. Colonel at least.

(Facsimile p. 391)

FROM THE BOOK OF TELEGRAMS: "UTILIZE THOSE
COMMANDERS WHO COOPERATE WITH THE GERMANS ... "

973 Berta — Link our number 14 — 19. Do you know why1 the
Ljotic men have given up their project of going to Montenegro? I
think that they could not hinder you much there. iWe also seldom
hear from Lasic and Vukadinovic. It seems that their stations are

.36or tier* -cy o;iyc$$.a:" J
y Upny Popy-»Ja w"pC3r**M jca BOM oiir* i*e6t* MJOFQ

j* TD-TO cte yrryT^s*- O*^ nyp^-pa s* jexTTpipewevy BKH'-jy npor'-isy KOM-yr"-

-l»l, ,,. ..i -

«. 6op6y npefarT"rv K o^yE" o. xjuJSwitr in 6po j R "f^TTo ByKt|o»"T:«

From Mihailovic's book of telegrams sent: to Nelog Berta (Pavie Durisic) to utilise those
Ceinik commanders who are cooperating with the Germans in Montenegro.

weak. You did well to send a courier to Sava in order to obtain
simultaneous action against the communists. For fighting against the
communists utilize thoise commanders who cooperate with the Germans
in Montenegro. It is well that Vukcevic . . . Continuation.

"CICA" (MIHAILOVIC) WRITES THAT SLOBODAN JOVANOVIC IS

UNDERTAKING ALL POSSIBLE MEASURES TO PREVENT

PROPAGANDA FOR THE PARTISANS

Bernardo via Istvan 6-506 — I am undertaking all in my
power to prevent London propaganda for the Partisans. The Pre-
sident of the Government is undertaking the most energetic measures
to prevent this propaganda. Rest assured of this. We should there-
fore annihilate those hyenas of our people as soon as possible — and
then London will not be able to spread lies in their praise. The Bri-
tish are not on their side, but they are trying in every possible way
to provoke our jealousy, in order to make us attack the Germans
and the Italians soon; but we cannot do this until we first annihilate
MioSa Pi jade. Have confidence in Slobodan Jovanovic and the Supreme
Command. I send greetings to all. — Ci£a.

I am doing all I can to direct the Montenegrins to follow my
main line.

Frike 5 — 547 (Facsimile p. 266)

462

COOPERATION OF TRAITORS AND INVADERS ON JAVOR

No. 786 from Ras-Ras. No. 711, 16-1-1944. — On Javor at
Kusic and Katie fighting continues between the Communists on one
side, and Cetniks, field guards, Germans and Bulgarians on the other.
There are about 3.500 communists. They are encircled and -should now
be finally defeated".

"TAKE ACCOUNT OF THE GERMANS AND BULGARIANS"

Sto~Sto. Link your No. 37 and 44. — Take account of the Ger-
mans and Bulgarians and utilize their action against the Reds to the

Efli. jreatQ Va& dr. 3* t 4^. Vodite raduna o Nenaima f Buga-riwa f
7 V t i t a

YS /? or 7 V t i t a njthovu afyciju pr-ottv crvenih do k^aijlnjih mogudnofti Na-
pad na PlevZjs t^k'ori^tite *a napad *» Jtedja na komuntrtQ. J nama s*o
Hug'o HQ'- javlja odavno.

856 „ MIL. Prtmlj-en ,Fa£ b*- . 329-3Q1 . Kod Yap rtalno nehe fvstdje. front n'ru

From Mihailovic's book of telegrams sent: Order to number Sto-Sto (Zaharije Ostojic)
to utilize Germans and Bulgarians to atack communists from rear,

maximum. Utilize the attack on Plevlje in order to attack the com-
munists from the rear. We also have not heard from Hugo for a
long time.

FROM MIHAILOVIC'S BOOK OF TELEGRAMS RECEIVED: " . . .WE
GERMANS APPRECIATE THE STRUGGLE OF YOUR MEN . . ."

No, 13. 017 from Nav-Nav. 70, 327 ', 28-Xll — Peroviic has re-
turned from Sarajevo. In Sarajevo he was with General Fromm, rear
commander for the whole Balkans, Among other things he told him:
"The Serbs are genuine fighters against the Partisans, We Germans

HaB-Hasa..Bp«3a7 oa 28-XIK.nepoBiih ce Bp*Tiro m Capajesa

. .

y Capajesy o-o je KO« re*epajia <DpoMa/ KOMaHaanra noatA3Be
ff ooTa^or penao ny je:"Gpo^ WKWWOM <Jopm.'np6Twy n.
tenrao oopoy Banox nyAa.y i-one ce HOT we naponuro sam Hpaj.HapotiifTO neH;iMO
oai»or Majo^a Jlyxwe* -ia.y KpaTKo BPe«e npiioaj wmahe ce opnoR^ xpajeav Cp

« y TOM cji/qajy UOTCK-T he Hamn HO^OTH nyny SROHowoKy

tfoB>TfaBa,Bp.338 rraoTaBaKi'y HajKpaneii pony

From Mihailovic's book of telegrams received: Report of the meeting of the Cetnik

delegate, Todor Perovic, with a German general in Sarajevo. (Nav-Nav is the radio

station of the Staff of the Cetnik commander Petar Bacovic),

463

appreciate the struggle of your men. In this respect your district has
specially distinguished itself. We particularly appreciate the coopera-
tion of Major Lukacevic, The Serbian districts will soon be joined to
Serbia and then the Serbian people will get full economic assistance".

THE KING AND SLOBODAN JOVANOVIC APPROVE AND
COMMEND THE WORK OF MIHAILOVIC ,

To General Mihailovic — Your number 264 and 265 link.

I approve and commend your work and the work of your co-
operators for the good of our people and the resurrection of our
Fatherland. Set up similar organizations in all the parts of Yugoslavia.
Supreme Commander Peter. S. C. 75 — Jovanovic, President of the
Ministerial Council and Deputy Minister of Army, Navy and Airforce.

S. J.

(Facsimile p, 412)

TELEGRAM OF SLOBODAN JOVANOVIC: "ALL DECORATED"

o, lio

11 aeptembra ^

DJENERALU M1HAILOVICU
VE£A VAS PETSTO CETRDESET SEST.

SVi ODLIKOVANI. PRVI CETNICO VOJVODA NIJE OBJAVLJEN IZ NARO-
CITIB RAZLOGA. VR STO DLSET - JOVANOVIC

Preteednik Miniatarsicog aaveca

Zastupnik Winistra vojske, mop

rice 1 vazduhoDlovstva,

AU GENERAL MIHAILOVIC
Reference votre 5k&.

Tout decorSs. Pour dea raison speciales le nom ou premier
•»v/evode de chetnika afest x>as Dublin. VK 110 - Jovanovic

From the telegram file of the emigrant government:" president of the emigrant
government, Slobodan Jovanovic, reports, that the proposed Cetnik commanders

have been decorated.

D. 110 September 11, 1942 — to General Mihailovic — Your
number 546 link. All decorated. Decoration of the first Cetnik voj-
voda not announced for special reasons. S. C. 110 — Jovanovic.

President of the Ministerial Council

and Deputy Minister of Army, Navy and Airforce

S, Jovanovic

464

SLOBODAN JOVANOVIC ASKS FOR CREDITS FOR MIHAILOVIC

Report to the Ministerial Council — For the maintenance of
the army of our Minister of Army, Navy and Airf o-rce, General Draza

Mihailoviic, in Yugoslavia, I request that a credit of ^40.000 be

%
granted.

This money should be sent to Mihailovic secretly, in dinars
which are in circulation in Serbia, counting 600 dinars to the pound.
The money should be given to the English in London.
I beg that this be immediately approved.

President of the Ministerial Council

and Deputy Minister of Army, Navy and Airforce

S. Jovanovic

(Facsimile p. 396)

COMMUNICATION TO THE EMIGRANT GOVERNMENT: »THE
LINK WITH MACEK'S ORGANIZATION ESTABLISHED«

No. 240 of June 12. — « To the President of the Yugoslav Go-
vernment. Link your No. 131. In January the link with Macek's
organization was established through his secretary Dr. Pinterovic.
Instructions regarding work and tasks have been given to him. No
action was noticed until recently. Now we have been informed that
the Croats escaped to the forests, because of their being recruited
for the Eastern Front. In general the Croat army in Bosnia does not
fight against the Cetniks. Only the Ustasas and the Moslems do so. — " '
General Mihailovic.

(Facsimile p. 335)

CONVERSATION OF MR. V. MILINOVIC WITH SIR ORME

SERGEANT

Note regarding the conversation of the Assistant Minister V.
Milinovic with Sir Orme Sergeant, at the Foreign Office, on December
22, 1942.

I handed him the Aide Mteioire on the campaign of the »Free
Yugoslavia* radio station and asked him to give a favourable answer,
so that we could react over the broadcasting station »Karadorde«.

Sir O. Sergeant answerd with indifference and cynicism that
the oammuniS'ts were much more active than Genera/I Mihailovid, that
they were the only ones now fighting in Yugoslavia, that Mihailovic
had stopped fighting in October last year, which made it difficult to
fight the Soviet propaganda against Mihailovid.

465

I remarked that the activities of General Mdhailovic had been
reduced for a time by agreement between us and the British author-
ities, and that lately the general had again -been fighting very actively
against the invader.

Sir Orme answered with the same cynicism that he was surprised
that any Englishman could have ever agreed to the reduction of
Mihailovic's activity and that he was not at all aware that the
General's Cetniiks were fighting.

(Facsimile p. 314)

CONFIDENTIAL MESSAGES OF THE EMIGRANT GOVERNMENT
THROUGH COLONEL BAILEY

D. V. K. April 6. — To General Mihailovic. — Absolutely neces-
sary that you meet Bailey as soon as possible either at Poca or any
other place. Bailey has to communicate to you urgent and important
messages on behalf of the Yugoslav Government. — S. C. 34 —
Jovanovic.

(Facsimile p. 341)

1001 (MIHAILOVIC) WRITES: ^PROMINENT ENGLISH OFFICIALS

HAVE SENT US A MESSAGE THAT WE SHOULD LIQUIDATE THE

COMMUNISTS AS SOON AS POSSIBLE

Strictly confidential. — Copy of letter from the Minister of
Army and Navy — • June 1944.

Dear Vojvoda,

In this letter I am giving you instructions for your work in
ylour town. It will give you a general outline, because it would take
too long to go into details. Otherwise you know already, in general,
how to approach many problems.

First we shall give you information about our situation abroad
and the .attitude of the King and the Royal Government in exile.

Lukacevic and Baco-vic have recently arrived from Cairo. They
personally -spoke with the King and all our political leaders, and with
the Prime Minister.

Here is an important and very interesting piece of information.
Very important and prominent British officials have sent us a message
that we should liquidate the communists as soon as possible. As soon
as the communists are liquidated, more favorable conditions will be

466

created; that is, they will immediately change their attitude, their
propaganda, and, what is most important, their policy towards us.

Bacovic and Lukacevic are firmly convinced that this is only
temporary.

Fraternal greetings, Yours 1001

(Facsimile p. 359)

CAPTAIN HUDSON OF THE BRITISH ARMY, TO MIHAILOVIC:

»I WANT TO INFORM YOU ONCE MORE THAT I PLACE MYSELF

FULLY AT YOUR DISPOSAL . . . «

Your Excellency. — I want to inform you once more that I place
myself fully at your disposal if you consider that I can be of use to
your organization.

I should like to meet Captain Burisic and Colonel Stanisic and
other leaders who fought so successfully against communism, and
liberated all districts from them.

I think it would perhaps be a help if I told them personally,
that Great Britain is resolved to help you a hundred percent in unit-
ing all the national forces in the country and in preparing for the
action against the invader, at the time when your chances for suc-
cess become good. The fact that I have been promoted is, I consider,
one proof more of the efforts of the British Government to support
your national action.

I should like to be able to communicate to my command that
I have personally been with the leaders of these districts, and that I
have been in the territory wbich they have now cleared from the com-
munists, to strengthen them in their nationalistic views and to
tell them to act only according to your instructions.

I consider it important that I should first talk over with you
everything that I am going to say to them, in order that it may be
all the more efficacious for your organization and in order that you
may have no doubts as to what I am going to tell them.

On the other hand, perhaps you think that I want to mix in
purely Yugoslav affairs. But rest assured, if you consider it better
for your interests, that I remain in an isolated hut till the end of the
war, without seeing, hearing, or saying anything, you just order this
and I shall do it.

The time is past for a primitive dramatization of my role. For-
merly your officers imagined, it seems, that my role was that of a
Lawrence, and that hampered my work oonsideribly, and caused
suspicion. Now they loudly, and occasionally even in my presence,

^ 461

speak of me as of one who* has brought bad luck to their project of
arming the Serbs. My function is that of a liaison officer who is to
observe the conditions under which Great Britain could give greater
help in the form of war material or eventual action.

I aim here in order to help your action in all possible ways and
I am placing myself at the disposal of your national movement. You
will perhaps inform me one day of the way in which your cause could
best be helped, if you consider it useful.
June 11, 1942
Front

Yours very respectfully
Hudson

(Facsimile p. 122)

COLONEL BAILEY OF THE BRITISH ARMY COMMUNICATES A

MESSAGE FROM ZERVAS, TRAITOR OF THE GREEK PEOPLE,

TO THE TRAITOR DRA2A M1HAILOVIC

Dear General, a couple of weeks ago, we spoke of the action
in Greece and of connections with Colonel Zervas. On that occasion
I informed my colleague in Greece that the answer which the Greek
co'l'Oinel sent you after receiving your message last year, somehow
went astray, so that you did not get it. Now I have received through
my colleague a message from Colonel Zervas, which reads: Please
be so good as to convey to General Mihailovic brotherly greetings
from myself and from Free Greece to him and to the heroic Serbs.
I desire speedy contact with him for the settlement of the plan for
common action with the cooperation of the British.

My people have sent me certain proposals for bringing about
a meeting between your representatives, those of the Greeks and ours.
We can talk of it in greater detail when I come. I only wanted now
to convey the message to jyou.

I have received the proposal of Mr. Moljevic and have already
taken the necessary steps with my people.

Yours sincerely
Bailey, Colonel

(Facsimile p. 234)

THE EMIGRANT GOVERNMENT WAS INFORMED OF
MIHAILOVIC'S COOPERATION WITH THE INVADER

Report to the President of the Council of Ministers and Deputy
Minister of Army, Navy and Airforce. — On December 29, from 4 to

30*

468

5,15 p. m. I had an extremely interesting and important conversation
with Major Bowk of the British Army, who is one of the chief men
in Mr. Mastersoms' .service, who is looking after the sending of help
to General Mihailovic and maintaining contact with him.

Major Bowie came on hiis own initiative in connection with
the sending of 3.000 copies of »The Official' Gazette* JVs 10 into our
country.

I informed Major Bowie of the great lack of food, clothes and
arms in General Mihailovic's detachment caused by the difficult con-
ditions of our people. I mentioned to him that H. M. the King had
sent a note to Mr. Churchill, requesting, among other things, that
food, clothes and arms be sent to> Mihailovic.

Major Bowie, an Englishman who does mot like diplomatic cir-
cumlocutions and who openly says what he thinks, told me, in an
hour's conversation, the following:

1. We must ispeak openly and sincerely. Mr, Churchill, after
receiving the note from the King, asked Mr. Eden's opinion. The Fo-
reign Office asked the opinion of Mr. Masterson's service, and Major
Peter Bowie, who acts for his chief, Lieutenant- Colonel Pearson, gave
the opinion requested in connection with the note.

He declared that no arms could be sent to General Mihailovic
for fighting against the Partisans, who are now the only units fighting
against the Axis. The sending of food depends on the Blockade Mini-
stry, and according to their reports, conditions in that part of our
country which was under Italian occupation were not difficult. He
admits that in Serbia conditions are difficult.

2. General Mihailovic openly cooperates with the Italians, and
his detachments, fully armed, are transported in Italian lorries to
Western Bosnia, to fight against Partisans, and this in cooperation
with the Italian troops. He said that at that very moment a -battle was
being waged north of Mostar, in which one of Drama's detachments
of 2.400 men from Montenegro was fighting with the Italians, against
the Partisans.

Major Bowie said: »Dra2a Mihailovic is a quisling, just like
Nedic, for Nedic is cooperating with the Germans and Draza with the
Italians.

3. The detachments of Draza Mihailovic are not fighting at
all now.

Chief of the
Military Chancellery,
Major 2iv. L. Kne^evic

(Facsimile p, 186)

469

2IVAN KNE2EVIC'S REQUEST FOR STILL GREATER SUPPORT
FOR DRA2A MIHAILOVIC

Conslusion. — All these statements of Major Bowie, who is
acquainted with Generail Mihailovic's 'telegrams, clearly show the
following:

1. — That the Yugoslav Government as a whole has done noth-
ing to explain to the English the situation in our country and to
point out that by now the number of the dead in Yugoslavia ds nearly
a million, and that it is impossible to demand from lour people further
aimless and disproportionate sacrifices.

2. — Because of this attitude of the Royal Government the
whole struggle of our people will be reduced to nil. Open opposition
of certain members of the Government, and the active support of the

A peasant woman, Danica Marinkovic, whom the Cetniks attempted to butcher,
declares before the Court: "Here the Cetniks cut my wind-pipe".

malicious propaganda of the Directorate for Information in London
and the Information Center in New York, against Draza Mihailovic,
hais harmed the vital interests' of our people to the greatest degree.
3. — My impression is that it is of little concern to the
English that the Serbian people should be completely exterminated,
without any real contribution to the cause of the Allies. Certain Bri-

470

tish services desire to hurl our unarmed people at machine guns, but
that would be a mere adventure, into which our people must not be
led. Our people have never grudged sacrifices for their liberty, but
if they again enter unarmed into this adventure, the Serbs will be
exterminated, and I don't know what use Yugoslavia would be, even
if it extended as far as India, if there were no Serbs in it. All of us
here in exile bear a great responsibility, both to our people and to
history.

4. — It is high time that the Royal Government should take an
unequivocal attitude towards the question of the detachments of the
Yugoslav Army under the command of General Mihailovic, and that
it should openly and energetically proclaim its attitude everywhere.
The struggle of General Mihailovic represents in fact the struggle of
the Serbian people for the revival of Yugoslavia. A million men have
fallen in this struggle. Instead of recognition, General Mihailovic is
today — even by the service which knows his work and which used
to issue orders to him without the knowledge of the King and the
Government — being placed on the same footing with Antonescu
and Nedic and tomorrow he will be ranked with Pavelic,

It is not necessary that I should further expound to you, our
Prime Minister, the grave responsibility both of the Royal Govern-
ment and of us soldiers outside the country for this situation, which is
so catastrophic, especially for the struggle which the Serbs have
waged and for which they have given over one million lives.

I consider it my duty, as the secretary of the War Cabinet, as
a soldier who will tomorrow be held responsible both before General
Mihailovic and before his colleagues, — to expound these facts to you
for your consideration and urgent decision, in order that the struggle
of our people may be represented to the Allies in its true light. *

Chief of the

Military Chancellery,

2iv. L. Kne2evic, Major

(Facsimile p. 187)

THROUGH THE CETNIK STAFF FOR VOJVODINA, CONTACT WAS
BEING MAINTAINED WITH HUNGARIAN FASCISTS

Report to the Chief of Staff of the Supreme Command and
Minister of the Army, Navy and Airforce.

With reference to the earlier offer of the Hungarian Govern-
ment to establish contact with you, and your instructions on the same
matter, I beg to inform you as follows:

471

Towards the end of January 1944 (about January 28) the Hun-
garian -official through whom Arsen is maintaining" contact, was
received in Budapest by Colonel Ujszaszy who told him the
following:

^Immediately on the receipt of your report about the establish-
ment of contact with Draza Mihailovic, I informed the Prime Minister
Kdlay who showed great interest in this contact«. Further, Colonel
Ujiszaiszy said that he is only awaiting a written invitation from DM
to come to meet him at a place designated by DiM. On this occasion
he repeated the full readiness of the Hungarian Government to esta-
blish permanent contact with DM and to help him to the best of
their ability, and also to try in the most sincere conversation with
him (with D.M.) to find a basis for the solution of post-war Serbo-
Hungarian problems.

This official asked Arsen the following: that this whole affair
should be kept secret, that everything concerning this matter should
go through him, showing his fear that this link might be carried out
through somebody else.

This official was deputy Hungarian Liaison Officer to the Com-
mander of Serbia and South East, a reserve officer, a journalist by
profession, Laszld Hori; the most convenient channel for the Supreme
Command was established through him. In view of the fact that
in the name of Colonel Ujszaszy, he expressly insists on getting an
answer concerning this matter, it can be concluded that Colonel
Ujszaszy, up to January 28 of this year, did not receive your special
envoy, as well ais that Colonel Ujszaszy himself considers this Hori
as the' most convenient person for the establishing of this channel.

With regard to conditions under which this channel has been
established, the undersigned is -of the opinion that this is the most
convenient channel for us, since it leads directly from Budapest to
Belgrade under their supervision, and comes under this command
only from Belgrade. In view of the fact that the person dele-
gated by the Minister evidently has not established contact up to now,
this channel may be regarded as more convenient than the one which
this person was to establish.

Since the Hungarians energetically demand a concrete answer
in the name of Colonel Ujszasay, I ask the Minister to issue orders
to me as to what I can answer them:

472

»What is your concrete answer to the proposal which I made,
as authorized by Colenel Ujszaszy, and why was it not utilized*.
February 9, 1944
Front

Commander, Major
(L. S.) Drg. J. Rakic

To Luka: Inform the HQ of Vojvodina that it is not neces-
sary to maintain the link through Laszl6 Hori tor the time being.
— Ad acta — B.

(Facsimile p. 90)

LIST OF ARMS AND AMMUNITION SUPPLIED BY HORTHY'S
HUNGARY TO MIHAILOVIC

L Arms and ammunition

1. 1.000 (one thousand) cases of rifle ammunition 7.92 M. 24
(1000 rounds in each case)

2. 10.000 (ten thousand) 7,92 mm. rifles M. 24.

3. 30.000 (thirty thousand) hand grenades (offensive)

4. 20.000 (twenty thousand) hand grenades (defensive)

5. 200 (two hundred) 81 mm. mortars (»Stocksbrand«)

6. 20.000 (twenty thousand) mortar shells (81 mm. »Stocks-
brand«)

7. 200 (two hundred) heavy machine guns

8. 300 (three hundred) light machine guns

9. 1000 (one thousand) 9 mm pistols

10, 50.000 (fifty thousand) rounds of 9 mm. ammunition.

//. Radio material
1. 1 complete wireless transmitter,

(Facsimile in Hungarian p. 475}

DECLARATION OF THE FORMER HUNGARIAN MAJOR-GENERAL

UJSZASZY ABOUT DRAZA MIHAILOVIC'S ESPIONAGE FOR THE

BENEFIT OF THE AXIS POWERS

In connection with the treacherous activity of Draza Mihailovic,
Istvdn Ujszaszy, former Major-General of the Hungarian Army and
former chief of the Central Committee of the Hungarian State Defence,
has forwarded to the Soviet Government a declaration in which it
is stated in part:

I have learnt from my colleagues that the Yugoslav authori-
ties have arrested General Mihadlovid and that he is to be tried as
a war criminal.

473

As I have known Draza jMihailovic for over 15 years, I consider
it my duty to declare, for the sake of historical truth, that he was
an agent of Hoorthy's Hungarian Government, and that he worked
for the interests of the bloc of the fascist states, headed by Hitler
Germany.

In 1936, I met Mihailovic in Prague, where I was Hungarian
military attach^, and he was Yugoslav military attach^ with the rank
of Lieutenant-Colonel. As the Hungarian General Staff had instructed
me to establish particularly close relations with the Yugoslav attache
in order that I might, in the interests of Hungarian policy, work on
the breaking up of the Little Entente, I resumed the friendly relations
with Mihailovic which I already had in 1930 in Paris. Mihailovic was
well informed about the German Army, thanks to his friendship with
Colonel Tschunke, German military attache in Prague, and with his
successor, Colonel Rudolf Toussaint of the German General Staff.

Mihailovic and I parted cordially at the end of 1937, when he
left Prague for Ljubljana, where he was to occupy the post of chief
of a divisional staff. During the war, I again met Mihailovic, in the
course of my work on the Hungarian General Staff.

In the course of my activites in the Hungarian military intel-
ligence service, I learnt that Mihailovic was an agent of the Hungarian
General Staff, a close cooperator of the Hungarian Regent, Admiral
Horthy, and that he acted in the interest of Hitler's Germany. I also
know that Mihailovic, during the Second World War, closely colla-
borated with the Italian >and Roumanian General Staffs, from which
he received arms and ammunition for his fight against Tito's army.
For the Italian and Roumanian intelligence service he performed acts
of espionage, directed against the Soviet Union and Tito.

In the sumimer of 1942, in Budapest, where I was Chief of the
Second Department of the Hungarian General Staff, I submitted a
report on the situation in Yugoslavia to Admiral Horthy's adjutant
Colonel-General Ludwig Keresztes-Fischer, at his office in the Royal
Palace. While I was submitting the report, Keres'ztes- Fischer took
onit of a drawer a letter, written in Serbian, from Mihailovic whose
handwriting I knew very well.

In his letter to the Regent, Mihailovic declared that he desired
the establishment of friendly and good neighbourly relations between
the Yugoslav Government and the Hungarian Government of Admiral
Horthy, for they had a common enemy :%Tito's Partisans and the
Soviet Union. The letter also stated that he condemned the violation
of the Hungarian- Yugoslav Treaty.

474

In the course of the conversation, I told Colonel-General
Keresztes-Fischer that I had known Mihailovic for a long time and
was on friendly terms with him. We caime to the conclusion that it
was essential to make the utmost use of Mihailovic in the inte-
rests of Hungary and the Axis Powers, in the struggle against the
antifascist Partisan movement in Yugoslavia, particularly inBacka
and in the region between the Mura and the Drava.

Keresztes-Fischer also told me that Horthy had sent to Mihai-
lovic, through a widow, a letter informing him that he was ready
to maintain friendly relations with him. Keresztes-Fischer also told
me that the Regent, in the same letter, informed Mihailovic that he
(Horhy) was Hitler's ally and that in every sphere of activity he was
directed by the interests of the Axis Powers.

About a week later, while I was submitting one of my regular
reports to Admiral Horthy at his palace in Budapest, the Regent told
me that Colonel-General Keresztes-Fischer had informed him about
my friendly relations with Mihailovic. Horthy asked me what I knew
of Mihailovic, of his past and his political views, and told me that my
friendship with him must be utilized in the interests of Hungary.

In August 1942, while I was oin official duty in Uzhorod, I was
urgently summoned to visit Horthy in his summer residence Godollo,
in the vicinity of Budapest. During the audience, Horthy told me that
it was urgently necessary to establish direct contact with Mihailovic.

It was necessary to choose among the officers of the former
Royal Yugoslav Army a person who would come into contact with
Mishailovic, a man who shared his views, while at the same time
enjoying the full confidence of the Hungarian authorities.

We chose the Serbian deputy for the Backa Province in the
Hungarian Parliament — Dr. Milan Popovid, a Novi Sad lawyer. The
Hungarian Military Intelligence Service was getting useful infoirma-
tion from Popovid .about Serbian antifascist circles, and also about the
activities of the Partisan Detachments and anti-Hungarian indivi-
duals in Baaka. On the basis of his information a series of Partisan
groups was discovered, and many -arrests of Serbian antifascist leaders
were made.

In the spring of 1943, Dr. Milan Popovic visited me in Budapest,
and informed me that Lieutenant Trumbid of the former Yugoslav
Army was ready, together with an other officer of the Yugoslav Army,
to visit Mihailovic, in accordance with our instructions. I gave Trumbid
about 1.000 dollars in various currencies, and an official passport of
the Hungarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. We sent Trumbid to

475

Istanbul with [instructions to approach the representative of the Yugo-
slav emigrant Government, Lieutenant-Colonel Peric, who was consul
of that Government in Istanbul.

In September 1943, Trumbic returned to Budapest and
informed me that consul Peric had sent his report to Nincic, Minister
of Foreign Affairs of the Yugoslav Government in London. Nincic
answered that the Royal Yugoslav Government agreed to the Hun-
garian proposal and thought it advisable, for the discussion of prac-
tical questions relating to joint political amd military actions, that a
special Hungarian representative be sent to Istanbul for the -purpose
of negotiating with the representative of the Yugoslav emigrant
Government.

We first intended to send the Orthodox Bishop of Novi Sad,
Irinej Oiric, as he was ooir trusted man and had repeatedly rendered
good service to the Hungarian authorities in their struggle against
Tito's Partisans.

Iddu pilslea teiteny 7^92 M»24";;/«sy. ***» 4rtf» 1»$00
2.- 10.000 /tizezer/ darao 7,9* nm.puoka^.24 -, " * "ff"**' ***?"

5«~ 30.000 Aamlnoez "

4«- 20.000 /huszeser/
5.- 200 /ketciazas/ up:dnatdoDo 81 mm.
6,- 20.000 /huaaezer/ ^,ra.iat a dotooboz /8
7.- 2QO Aetbuzaz/ drD.nali^z sSpfegyvar
0.- 500 /haroiLozuz/ arc. £6.1/1* ,^1*3. yver
0.- 1.000 /e^ezer/ dro. 9 sii
lu.- 30.0QO /btvonozor/ dro.y

1,- J^QT toljoa rddlo dlonuls

Original order in Hungarian about the delivery of arms and ammunition
from Budapest to Mihailovic.

Kdlay advised 'that the task of establishing oointact with the
Yugoslav Government in London should be entrusted to the Hungarian
ambassador in Berlin, Baron Geoirg Bakach-Besenyey, who was at
one time Hungarian Minister in Belgrade.

Iin July, 1943, Horthy told me that he 'had received another
letter from Mihailovic, in which he, ion his own name and on behalf
of the Yugoslav Government in London, requested Hungary's aid
in the struggle against Tito.

Mihailovic further stated in the letter that the Yugoslav Govern-
ment in London had consented to cede to Hungary the northern half
of Backa and to establish a new state frontier along the river Drava.

476

On January 5, 1944, Pera Ilic, of the former Royal Yugoslav
General Staff, arrived in Budapest as Mihailovic's permanent liaison
officer with the Hungarian General Staff. In order to prove his con-
nection with Mihailovic, he brought me Mihailovid's greetings, and
as a password mentioned the family name of the french language
teacher who had taught both of us in Paris, and reminded me of my
visits with Mihailovic to the »Mane'S« Caf6 in Prague. He gave us
a radio code for direct connection with Mihailo<vic.

Ilic at -the same time communicated to us the request that we
should immediately send to Mihailovic 500 machine-guns, 20.000 rifles
and 50 mountain guns, with the corresponding quantity of ammunition,
and also signal corps equipment and miedical supplies. This war
material represented in fact the arms which had been seized from
the Yugoslavs. Kdlay was also told that the German authorities in
Serbia, represented by the General *of Police and SS. Gruppen-Fuhrer
Meisner, representative of the Gestapo in Belgrade, had given Miha-
ilovic permission to import arms from Hungary.

Kdlay told Ilic officially that he could remain with us as Mi-
hailovic's representative, that he would be allowed to maintain radio
connection with Mihailovic through the Hungarian General Staff and
that Mihailovic's troops would soon get ammunition, radio stations
and medical supplies from Hungary.

About the same time that they got Ilte's report, the Hungarian
Ministry of Foreign Affairs received a similar report from Bolla, the
Hungarian General Consul in Belgrade, who had also established
contact with Mihailovic's General Staff.

The Second Department supplied Ilic with confidential inform-
ation, in possession of the Hungarian Intelligence Service, about the
Soviet Union and Tito's armed forces; he was to transmit this inform-
ation to Mjihai'lovic. Ilic ttolldi (my assistant, Colonel Kudar,, that
Mihailovic was maintaining close contact with General Pieche of the
Italian Army, who had,, for that purpose and by the order of the
Italian Government, come to Abbazia,, in the vicinity of Rijeka.

In conformity with the agreement previously reached, Hungary
sent to Mihailovic, in February, 1944, by the Danube, a transport
of ammunition, a powerful radio station, two lorries of rifle ammuni-
tion, signal equipment and medical supplies.

Colonel-General Jdnos Voros of the Hungarian General Staff,
informed me in October, 1944, of Mihailiovic's further cooperation
with the Hungarian and Gorman General Staff.

He gave me a note written by Mihailovic in French, which read:

477

"My Dear Friend, I am sending you my best wishes. As
you see, my cooperation with the Hungarian General Staff,
which I began with you, is being successfully continued.

Yours sincerely,
Draza Mihailovic".

Colonel-General Jdnois Voros told me that in April, 1944,
he informed Major-General of the German Police and SS. Gruppen-
fiihrer Winkelmann and Lieutenant-General Greiffeinberg, German
military attach^ in Budapest, about Mihailovid's secret cooperation
with the Hungarian General Staff.

They both approved of this cooperation, and especially the
supplying of Mihailovic with the seized arms of the former Yugoslav
Army, for it 'served the interests of Germany, and it could not com-
promise Mihailovic in the eyes of Great Britain and the United States
of America.

Colonel-General Voros also told me that on his instructions
Mihailovic had at that time received a considerable quantity of rifles,
machine-guns, ammunition, signal equipment and medical supplies,
and that cooperation between Mihailovic's intelligence service and the
intelligence service of the Hungarian General Staff continued as for-
merly, against the Soviet Union and Tito.

The above facts show that during the war Mihailovic actively
cooperated with the Axis Powers, receiving aid for his operations
against the Tito army from Hungary, Italy and Roumania, which were
under German leadership.

I affirm, by my signature, that the above facts are true; and
I am, if necessary, prepared to testify to this before any co(urt.«

MIHAILOVICS LETTER TO DAMJAN VELCEV

Dear Colonel, — I had not the chance of making your
acquaintance during my stay in Sofia in 1935 and 1936, but your
deeds are known to me, as they are known toi the whole of Yugo-
slavia and Bulgaria. Your -struggle has been difficult and glorious.
Your efforts for the success of Bulgaria have been fruitful, and I per-
sonally entertain the greatest esteem and respect for you. Now is the
chance for us to put our common idea into effect. Destiny has decreed
that I be at the head of the new, invincible Yugoslav army, which
sprang from forest and village, during three and a half
years of strenuous work under the occupation. Your strivings are
known to me, for, as an advocate of the greatest rapprochement

478

between Bulgaria and Yugoslavia, and especially Serbia, I have watch-
ed your work with admiration. It is time that the rapprochement
between Serbs and Bulgarians became a reality. The Bulgarian occupa-
tion troops in Serbia have given many proofs of the friendship of
the Bulgarian people towards the Serbs. For the deepening of this
friendship I am at your disposal. Be assured that this desire is most
sincere and cordial. We shall be strong if we, the nationalists of Bul-
garia and Serbia, become closely associated. I intend to maintain con-
nection with you. It would be desirable if you on your, part, would
undertake measures for this connection in the interests of our common
cause, for Bulgaria and Serbia have the greatest opportunity for the
closest friendship and cooperation.

August 28, 1944 I remain at your disposal

To Colonel Velcev.

(The address on this letter is written by Mihadlovic's hand: "To
Colonel Damjan Velcev").

(Facsimile p. 157)

PART OF A LETTER FROM DIMITROV-GEMET TO MIHAILOVIC

Dear brother and Vojvoda Draza,

In these historical and fateful moments through which our
peoples and the whole world are passing . . .

Looking forward to seeing you, I greet you and embrace you
in token of eternal brotherhood and unity.

24. XI. 1942 Yours,

Dimitrov G.

(Facsimile p, 154)

COOPERATION WITH ALBANIAN FASCISTS (TELEGRAM)

No. 499 von Herman. — For the realization of our aims it is
necessary to establish closer contact with the nationalists of the
Albanian State who are led by Colonel Muharem Barjaktar., Muharem's
representative for liaison with us is Lieutenant Serif Lipa of the Italian
Army, who is now on duty in Pnisttna. Serif's brother is Captain Zenel
Lipa, Muharem's principal collaborator. The code is from 500 to 503
inclusive.

(Facsimile p. 422)

AUTHORIZATION FOR A DELEGATE TO GREECE

Hereby I authorize Captain of the Airforce, Mihailo Vemic, who
is going to Greece, to establish contact with the Greek national forces
in the Free Greek Mountains under the command of General Ellas.

479

to Y-Wvuc' <u Jt
oU

'•U .

U fyllc*. U

Mihailovic's authorization in French to Captain Vemic to represent him with

Zervas in Greece.

Captain Vemi£ will leave for Greece as soon as possible. As
soon as he arrives there, he will establish permanent contact with
General Ellas, and will act according to my instructions.

480

In Greece Captain Vemic will establish and maintain direct
wireless contact with me, informing me about the situation in the coun-
try and especially about the establishment of the contact with Ge-
neral Ellas.

Captain Vemic will transmit my messages to the Commander
in Chief of the Free Greek National Forces, and will see to it that
General Ellas establishes direct wireless communication with the
GHQ of the Yugoslav Army. Chief of the GHQ

March 5,1944 Minister of War

Army General,
(L.S.) Drag. M. Mihailovic

(Facsimile in Serbian language p. 279
and facsimile in French p. 479

THE ROUMANIAN PETROL GROUP OFFERS US ARMS

AND MONEY

No. 1126 From Ditrih. The Roumanian Petrol group offers us
arms and money without any obligation. Transport of arms across
the Danube river. If you approve of this, I should ask automatic

MHEJ»*R>$ OBO ,3,® Cap H p^A -CO To

gp»1126 9& .HwTpwxau- PyiiygKa 'neTpQJiejcKa rpyns

$ea

uvi

From Mihailovic's book of telegrams received: Dronja (General Trifunovic)

reporis that "the Roumanian Petrol Group" offers arms and money to the

organization of Draza Mjhailovic.

weapons and organize the receipt of them. I need only your decision.
Answer me as soon as possible. Dronja.

THE "SUPREME COMMAND" AUTHORIZES ITS DELEGATE TO
NEGOTIATE WITH THE ROUMANIAN SATELLITE AUTHORITIES
Authorization. — I authorize Major Radomir Deda, on the
basis of the approval by the Supreme Command, to negotiate with
the representatives of the Roumanian military authorities and civil
persons, on any subject. Commander

(L.S.) General Staff Lt. Colonel

Veli§a Piletic

The Command of the Staff No. 67
of the Yugoslav Army in the Father-

land O. No. 355
April 14, 1944
Free Mountains of Yugoslavia

(Facsimile p. 421)

THE FINAL SPEECH OF THE
MILITARY PROSECUTOR

THE MILITARY PROSECUTOR DE-
MANDS THE SEVEREST PUNISHMENT
FOR THE TRAITORS

The Prosecutor, Colonel Milos Minic: Comrades judges, during
the course of the trial I watched to see whether the statements -of the
accused or the evidence offered to the Court would confirm every
part of the indictment of Mihailovic 'and the others who are on trial
with him. After all the evidence had been presented I was able to
observe that the indictment as a whole, and in each and every part,
has obtained the strongest, most convincing and irrefutable confirma-
tion at this trial. What is more, the -trial has by far transcended the
indictment by the multiplicty of proofs that have been brought for-
ward of concrete crimes of treason and of war crimes for which the
accused Mihailovic and the others are responsible. Nevertheless in my
opinion, this has not necessitated the extension of the indictment in
order to include also those crimes which have been proved during
the trial but were not mientioned specifically in the indictment, for in
fact, all those crimes are comprised in a few general statements con-
tained in the indictment.

One of the principal characterstics of the trial is the fact that
the accusations against Mihailovic and the others were supported
during the proceedings by -numerous original written documents.
About 1000 written documents were read at the trial, and each docu-
ment confirmed and supported various statements in the -indictment.
Confronted by their own and other written documents, Mihailovic and
the other accused were forced to confess, fully or in part, nearly all
the criminal deeds of which they were accused, and in so far as they did
not (confess particular acts, I think that they themselves realized,
after the conclusion of the production of evidence, that their mere
denial, unsupported by any proofs, or, at least, by any serious proof,
would fail to invalidate the proofs presented in the evidence which by
weight of its inexorable truth, confirmed, one by one, all the state-
ments in the indictment.

In the course of the trial it was clearly seen that the general
line of action1 of all the accused during the war and the occupation
was one and the same. It was the line of treason towards the people,

31*

484

the line of helping the fascist invaders in all their efforts to suppress
the national liberation rising of the peoples of Yugoslavia.

The most urgent task, which the w.ar and the occupation set to
the peoples of Yugoslavia, was the struggle against the fascist in-
vader, the struggle for national liberation.

The broad national masses, wanted to, and were ready to rise
in arms against the fascist invaders. Without hesitation they answered
the call of the Communist party of Yugoslavia to rise in arms against
the invaders. As early as the summer of 1941, the uprising took
place, first in Serbia and Montenegro, and then in all other parts
of Yugoslavia.

Against the uprising of the peoples of Yugoslavia for liberation
not only the invaders, but the national traitors of all colours, from
Nedic and Pavelic, to Mihailovic, Slobodan Jovanovic, Lazar Markovic
and others like them, fought with every means at their disposal. .The
hirelings and assistants of the invaders wanted, by the help of the inva-
ders, to suppress the rising and, with the help of the fascist invaders
to establish a regime of dictatorship and national oppression, and
in some parts of Yugoslavia even to exterminate certain national-
ities. For them the most urgent task was not the struggle against
the invader, the struggle for national liberation. For them the most
urgent task was the struggle for the suppression of the uprising of the
peoples of Yugoslavia for liberation, and the annihilation of everyone
who had risen in the struggle against the invaders. They feared the
movement for liberation, they thought that with the cooperation with
the invaders they would check it and thus remove the danger to their
interests which they saw in that uprising, and that they would thus
secure the positions which they had held for twenty years in former
Yugoslavia at the expense of her peoples.

For the purpose of realizing their most urgent task — the
suppression of the movement for liberation of the peoples of Yugo-
slavia — all these traitors entered into cooperation with the invaders
with the aim of stifling the national rising for freedom of the
peoples of Yugoslavia, by the hand of the fascist invaders and by
their own hand.

This was the general line of action of all the accused, from
Mihailovic, Moljevic, Slobodan Jovanovic, Jonid, Dragomir Jovanovid
to Lazar Markovic and Kumanudi.

This identity of the general line of action of all the accused
hirelings and assistants of the invaders, was more clearly seen in the
course of the trial than in the indictment itself.

As we have seen during the trial, all the accused tried to
justify their treacherous work before the national masses and the

too

world public by identical lies and excuses: that they had been waging
a struggle against communism, which they alleged the Communist
party wanted to establish by means of the liberation movement, and
that they had been saving the Serbian people from extermination. In
the course of the trial it was shown with extreme clarity how false
were their slogans: the struggle against communism, and the saving
of the Serbian people.

From their statements before the Court and from numerous
documents .and other evidence, it is clear that they all knew
that the broad national masses participated in the national liberation
movement, that the participants in the liberation movement were not
all communists, and that the chief aim of the rising was national
liberation from the invader's yoke. With their own eyes they could
have seen that the liberation movement of the peoples of Yugoslavia,
with the Communist party at its head, was fighting simultaneously
against the Germans and Italians and all their hirelings and Assistants.
It was clearly seen at this trial that they deliberately spread the false
slogan of the struggle against communism, in order to represent
falsely the liberation rising in Yugoslavia against the fascist invaders
as a civil war, in order that they might thus gain support from 'abroad.
The false slogans of the struggle against communism were best
exposed by the war crimes, proved in the course of the trial, which
show 'that the national traitors were annihilating not only the com-
munists, but all those who participated in the national uprising, in the
struggle against the invaders, or who in any way helped the people's
struggle against the invaders.

In the course of the trial, the revolting perfidy of the false
excuses of the accused hirelings and assistants of the invaders, that
by the struggle against the national rising they were saving the Serb-
ian people, has been completely exposed. Contrary to their false
slogans of saving and preserving the Serbian people from exterminat-
ion, it (became clear during the trial that either with the invaders,
or by themselves, they were exterminating the Serbian and other
peoples of Yugoslavia, that they were annihilating all those who rose
in arms against the invaders. As the Serbian people were amiong the
first to rise in arms against the fascist invaders, the accused hirelings
.and assistants of the German fascist invader hurled themselves with
the greatest fury against the Serbian people. This trial has shown
•us that these crazed and bloodthirsty traitors killed even feeble
old women, and children in their cradles. The reading of written
documents and the hearing of the testimony of witnesses has shown
us that Mihailovic's -Cetndks, together with the invaders, or alone,

486

slaughtered tens of thousands of Serbs, Croats and Moslems. We have
also learnt that Nedic's collaborators, who are in the dock, killed,
in collaboration with the Germans or alone, some 70.000 persons in
Jajinci near Belgrade, and about 7.000 in Kragujevac, and in many
other places tens of thousands of Serbs.

Before the peoples of Yugoslavia and before the whole world
the false saviours of the Serbian people have been completely -unmask-
ed. The mask of false nationalism and anti- communism has been
torn from the face of the hirelings and assistants of the fascist inva-
ders. And -all the peoples of Yugoslavia, and the whole world, have
seen before this people's court of justice, not saviors of the Serbian
people, but a miserable band of renegades of the Serbian people,
sunk in the mud of treason and smeared with the blood of the peoples
of Yugoslavia, a band of German-fascist hirelings, and their assistants
and other war criminals.

At this trial there were shown a series of proofs of the coope-
ration of the Cetniks, Nedic's men, and other hirelings of the enemy
with the fascist invader, in the struggle against the liberation rising
of the peoples of Yugoslavia, and also proofs of contacts, cooperation,
and mutual assistance, among all the hirelings and assistants of the
invader against the liberation movement of the [peoples of Yugoslavia.
As we have seen there was cooperation between Mihailovic and Nedid,
Mihailovic's Cetniks and Pavelic's Ustasas and Homeguards, Mihailo-
vic's Cetniks and the Slovene White Guard, Mihailovic's Cetniks and
Sip tar balists — German agents in Kosovo and Metohija, Mihailovic's
Cetniks and the fascist-Moslem militia. Many documents referring to
all this have been shown at the trial.

There are proofs that there were some sharp differences bet-
ween Mihailovic and some quislings, as, for instance, Pavelid, on the
basis of an unbridled chauvinism. Nevertheless, as we have seen during
the trial, there were no unbridgeable differences between them.
On the line of the struggle against the liberation rising of the peoples
of Yugoslavia, on the line of cooperation with the invader, agreement
wasl reached as early as 1942, particularly in the area of Bosnia, for
full and open cooperation between Mihailovid's Cetniks and Pavelic's
Ustasas and Homeguards, and in 1945, as we have seen, contact was
established between Mihailovic and P-avelid.

Mihailovid and. his Cetniks were not deterred in their cooper-
ation with the Ustasas by their false propaganda that they were
slaughtering the Croat people as a reprisal for the crimes committed
against the Serbian population by Pavelid's Ustasas. Against the Serbian

487

and Croat people, and against all other peoples of Yugoslavia —
Mihailovic, Pavelic and all the others found themselves on the
same side.

It has been seen that as early as 1941 Nedic and Mihailovic
concluded an agreement for the suppression of the rising in Serbia,
and that in December 1941, Mihailovic, under the aegis of Nedic, legal-
ized his detachments; that is, he placed them openly in the service of
the invader. And finally, it was seen that Nedic, Ljotic and Mihai-
lovic, at the end of 1944, formally united all their forces under the
command of the accused Mihailovic.

The trial has disclosed that the greater part of the Yugoslav
emigration, with the Yugoslav emigrant government <and the king at
its head, convulsively clung to the accused Mihailovic and his organi-
zation, giving him the authority of the only legal representative in the
occupied country and extending to him full moral, political and mater-
ial assistance, in spite of the existence of the National Army of Libera-
tion and Partisan Detachments in Yugoslavia, who alone were waging a
struggle against the invader. In this way, as was seen during the trial,
especially from the clear and convincing statement by the witness
Dusan Simovic, a retired general, they wanted to preserve the legality
and continuity of the emigrant government and monarchy before the
official Allied representatives, in order to secure for themselves and
for the accused Mihailovic support from the Allies, in spite of the
cooperation of Mihailovic and his Cetniks with the fascist invaders
in the sniggle against the liberation movement of the peoples of Yu-
goslavia.

In the course of the trial it was also shown that a great major-
ity of leading politicals of formier political parties, i. e., the Demo-
crat, Radical, Agrarian, Socialist, Yugoslav Nationalist and other par-
ties, (participated with the accused Mihaiilovic and ttiis (orga-
nizatidn in their cooperation with the invader in the struggle against
the national liberation rising of the peoples of Yugoslavia. At the
end of 1943 and the beginnig of 1944 there was,, with the exception
of a few individuals, a formal fusion of the leaderships of all th^se
parties and Miihailovic's Cetnik organization into a single traitorous
organization which, at the Cetnik congress in the village of Ba, was
given the name of »The Yugoslav Democratic National Unions. That
the aim of this union was a struggle, in cooperation with the invader,
against the liberation rising of the peoples of Yugoslavia, is best seen
from the fact that, in 1943 and 1944, jMihailovid's Cetniks openfy
cooperated with the invaders which was only too manifest to everyone,
and also from the fact that even after this union of the leadership of

488

former political parties with Mihailovic's organization into a single
tody, the cooperation between Mihailovic's Cetnrks and the invaders
was continued.

From the deposition of the accused Mihailovic and the relevant
documents, and especially from the letters of the accused Mladen
2ujovic, it is clearly seen that Macek and the leading' men of his party
maintained contact with the accused Mihailovic ,with the aim of cooper-
ating with the invaders against the national liberation movement in
Yugoslavia. It has also been irrefutably established that the Slovene
reactionary politicians cooperated with the accused Mihailovic in the
joint struggle with the invaders, against the national liberation move-
ment in Yugoslavia.

There can be no doubt that the hirelings and helpers of the
fascist invaders, from Mihailovic, Nedic and Pavelic to Markovic and
those Hike him, by their struggle against the liberation rising
of the peoples of Yugoslavia, weakened the war efforts of Yugoslavia,
and thus caused inestimable harm, not only to the peoples of Yugo-
slavia, but also to the common general Allied struggle against the
fascist conquerors. It is clear to everyone, for instance, that in the
Fourth Offensive, against the units of the Army of National Libera-
tion, the Germans and Italians would have needed at least two or
there more divisions in order to attain the efect which they achieved,
if, in the course of the Offensive some 20.000 of Mihailovic's Cetniks
had not fought shoulder to shoulder with the Italians, Germans and
Ustasas, not to speak of the valuable help which the hirelings and
assistants of the invader gave to the enemy by their incessant four
years' struggle against the national liberation movement in Yugo-
slavia. Beside the help from their hirelings and assistants in Yugoslavia,
the German and Italian invaders were obliged to keep in Yugoslavia
against the national liberation rising, about 40 of their own and satel-
lite divisions, but it was clear that they would have had to withdraw
from the Allied fronts and bring into Yugoslavia1 a still greater num-
ber of their divisions, if they had not got valuable help from their
hirelings and assistants in Yugoslavia. If there had been no traitoirs,
the contribution of the peoples of Yugoslavia to the common Allied
struggle and to victory over the fascist conquerors would have been
still greater. (\:

From the deposition of Mihailovic, and the documents read at
the trial, it was seen how Mihailovic established contact with the qui-
sling and1 reactionary elemeatp of the neighbouring countries: Greece,
Albania, Bulgaria, Roumanyj and Hungary, on the basis of mutual
assistance in the struggle jagainst the liberation movement in Yugo-

489

slavia and the neighbouring countries. Mdhailovic's connection with
Zervas, Muharem Barjaktar, generals and higher officers of the Bul-
garian army of occupation, as for instance with general Stancev and
Colonel Marinov, with various Bulgarian reactionary politicians, such
as Gemeto, Velcev, Ginovski and others, Horia Sirna and Maniu
in Rumania, with General Ujszaszy and Kdlay in Hungary; all those
connections were' disclosed at the trial,, and it has been irrefutably
established that they were based on mutual assistance in the struggle
against the liberation movement in Yugoslavia and the 'neighbouring
countries.

And finally, it was revealed by the deposition of the accused
Mihailovic, and by written documents read at the trial, that the Bri-
tish and American military representatives, which were with Mihai-
lovic's General Staff, by inciting' Mihailovic to fight against the Par-
tisans, were in fact encouraging him to cooperate with the invader
in the struggle against the liberation rising of the peoples of Yugo-
slavia. There is no doubt that the conduct of these officers was an
expression of the policy of certain foreign reactionary circles, which
wanted to give a direction to political -development in the Balkans
corresponding to their interests, and not to the interests of the
Balkan peoples.

It is quite clear that Mihailovic could not have held out so
long if he had not been receiving moral, political and material help
from abroad. That help made it easier for him to hide from the national
masses his cooperation with the invader. Mihailovic derived espe-
cially great benefit from the arrival of the American officers to' his
General Staff in 1944, after his General Staff had been left by the
British officers, at the time when his cooperation with the invader and
his hirelings was quite open and evident. These American officers
remained with his Staff till January 1945, and that enabled him to con-
tinue, until the final breakdown and annihilation of his organization,
to conceal fro-m a certain number of men in our country the fact that
he was cooperating with the mvaderjfor those men understood the
matter thus: if Mihailovic cooperated with the invader, American
officers would not be with his General Staff. If Mihailovic had not
been receiving help from abroad, his whole organization and he
himself would have been liquidated, as an ordinary hireling and
assistant of the invader, much sooner, and with much -smaller losses
on the part of the peoples of Yugoslavia.

Mihailovic tried to spread a calumny that the Partisans had
attacked him from the rear at Sokolac. Such unscrupulous slanders
were usual with Mihailovic. The Partisans attacked Sokolac and, of

490

course, routed everyone there, the Cetniks as well as the Ustasas, but
they did not attack the Cetniks from the rear, the Partisans attacked
the Cetniks, for the Cetniks served the invader at all times, and where-
ever it was possible, the Cetniks attacked, jointly with the invader, or
by themselves, the units of the Army of National Liberation which
were fighting simultaneously against the Germans' and against the
Italians, Ljotic men, Nedic men, the Russian White Guards, the Moslem
Militia, the Slovene White Guards and other enemies, while Mihailo-
vic cooperated with all of them, and fought only against the Army
of National Liberation. It is therefore clear why the units of the Army
of National Liberation, when they attacked Sokolac, attacked both
Mihailiovic's Cetniks and the Ustasas who were mutually skirmishing.
That is the truth about Sokolac, which if it were necessary, could be
supported by many proofs and documents. But, it is of no special
significance. I say this only in order to unmask the unscrupulous
calumny made by Mihailovic.

Mihailovic also alleged at the trail that he was not able to under-
take more serious operations against the invader, because he was being
attacked by the Partisans; because the Partisans, so he alleged, wan-
ted to conquer the territories he held in order to win over the people
of those territories to themselves. This contradicts many of his
declarations that he was awaiting an opportune moment for a general
rising against the invader; it also contradicts his declaration that he
received instructions from the Yugoslav emigrant government not to
wage a struggle against the invader till the breakdown of Germany and
till the landing of the British and American troops in Yugoslavia, We
have seen from the documents that Mihailovid did get such instructions
from the emigrant government It also contradicts Mihailovic's sta-
tement that his passivity was preserving the Serbian people. Now the
real truth can be clearly seen. Either Mihailovic wanted to fight the
invader, but could not do so because he was attacked by the Parti-
sans, or he could not fight against the invader before the landing of
the British and American troops in Yugoslavia and before the break-
down of Germany, as he allegedly wanted to preserve the Serbian
people, and therefore he considered that his chief enemies were the
Partisans and that he should fight against them and clear the terri-
tory of them, and the invaders would in any case be cleared by
the Russians, the British and the Americans, and he would then, as a
hero, step into the position which he anticipated for himself.

It is not true that he wanted to fight the invader but could
not because he was being attacked by the Partisans, or that he
was waiting for the landing of the Allies and the breakdown of

491

Germany. The real truth is that Mihailovic did not want to fight against
the invader at all. The real truth is that his paramount task was to
suppress the liberation rising of the peoples of Yugoslavia. In the
course of the trial it was clearly seen that Mihailovic's assertion that
the Partisans were attacking him and hindering his struggle against
the invader was in reality a false pretext for his cooperation with the
invaders, a pretext as false as the one about the saving of Serbian
heads.

Let us consider a little further this question as to who was
attacked by whom: the Partisans by Mihailovic, or Mihailovic by
the Partisans, and whether the Partisans prevented him from fight-
ing against the invaders. Mihailovic, for instance, tried to justify the
participation of his Cetniks in the Fourth Offensive on the sdde of the
enemy, by alleging that the Partisans attacked his territory and his
forces in Dalmatia. Mihailovic does not realize how absurd he is, when
he speaks of his territory in Dalmatia and at the same time admits
that his Cetniks cooperated with the Italians. This assertion of his is
still more absurd in view of the documents that have been read in
Court, from which it is seen that his Cetniks in Dalmatia were fed,
garrisoned and supplied with arms and ammunition by the Italians,
that the Italians in their correspondence with the Ustasas called
Mihaiilovic's Cetniks the anticommunist militia. The Cetniks had no
territory whatever in Dalmatia; this has been clearly shown in the
course of the trial. It can only be said that the Italians permitted
Mihailovid's Cetniks to organize themselves as collaborators in the
Italian zone of occupation, and they permitted this because the Cetniks
were helping the Italians. It is clear that no rational man would
reproach the Partisans for attacking such territories in which the
Italians and the Cetniks were together; or in areas where they were
not together, but where the Cetniks were alone, as in Serbia where
as collaborators with the Germans and with their permission they
held certain villages. And when Mihailovic admits cooperation
with the invader^ in the Fourth Offensive, aind at the same time
tries to justify his Order No 1, in which he ordered the attack
on the Partisans, that is, participation of the Cetniks in the
Fourth Italo-German Offensive, he is in reality trying to justify coope-
ration, to justify his crimes and the crimes of his commanders. This
is the only way in which his allegation that the Partisans attacked
him can be understood.

And now a few words about the alleged holding of terri-
tory. We have seen what Mihailovid's holding of a territory means.
We have seen it, for instance, in Montenegro. Kolasin was in the
hands of the Cetniks and Mihailovic was staying in Go-raj e Lipovo;

492

II COMITATO D:i NA2IONALISTI IIONT-aKEGHINI PI PODSORITZA S

7ALLS ZgjfA

da parte mas assiime i sequent i impegni

1 ) - Condirrra senza alcra compromesao la lotta contro il comuni"

sino ed i conranlsti nel Montenegro - e cioe contro ±1 piti,
territoile nemiwo del popoli;

2) « II Comandante delle'forrjazioui nazionaliste montenegrlne dl

Podgorica e Yalle Zeta, Oolonnello Bajo J« Stani®icf personal-
mente od a mezat> di persona a tale scopo delegate,, sara in
coatatto continuo coX Comando Superiore delle Truppe Italiane
nel lontenegrof per tuttii gli accordl per il prose#uimento
della lotta in comune contro il conrunismo nel Hontenegro;

3) - Dal movimenta sar^ completamente elimi'nata o#ni Bolitica

ea esclusivamente verrSi oondotta la lotta oontro il comuni-
smo nel Liontenegro;

4.) - Centre le forae Italians manterranno l*ordine nelle citta.
ccaesto complto nei vil^ggi Terra oseguito dai xiaasionalistt.
Per quanto riguarda le ^le di comiaaioazioixe verranno presi
accordi t>er la ripartiaione del compiti;

5) - I nazionalisti montenefp^ni, senza riguardo all'esito finale
della guerra,* non adopereranno mai le armi contro le truppe
italiane.

Con reciproco rispetto, fidujia e lealta strettamente terremo
fede agli accordi ass-unti.

Podgorica, 6 Llarzo 1942/XX

IL COLONNELLO
€M>Q DI STATO MAGGlORf

and a representatIVe of the Italian Military Command.

493

the Italian commander Pirzio Biroli with some Italian Generals, came
to KolaSin, he was met and welcomed by Mihailovic's commander Pavle
Djurisic, who informed Mihailovic that the Italian manoeuvres would
extend only as far as Donje Lipovo and would not reach Gornje Li-
povo. Does this not clearly show that the Cetniks were allowed to
stay in certain territories only by permission of the invader, as his
collaborators, to whom he was giving an opportunity to collect their
forces with the object of acting jointly with the invader, in order to
bring about the suppression of the national rising. It was also in this
way that Mihailovic apparently held territories in other districts. And
now you see how absolutely absurd is Mihailovic's complaint that the
Partisans used to attack territories which he held, and that therefore
he had to defend himself. You see, comrades judges, how absurd
his pretexts are. He declared during the examination that the
emigrant government instructed him to hold Serbia, for Serbia, as the
largest region, containing the capital, had to be held in order to
make 'possible the return of the king and the government. These
were the instructions he was receiving; even foreigners were giving
him this advice as late a<s the end of the summer of 1944; we have seen
how McDowell advised this. And then Mihailovic, quite absurdly, asserts
that the Parisans were attacking his territories in Serbia, and he tries
to justify his attitude by the fact that the units of the Army of Nati-
onal Liberation entered Serbia, which he held together with the
Germans, Nedic's and Ljotic's men and with the Russian White Guards,
and in the spring and summer of 1944, with the Bulgarians also-. On
this territory the Germans were using the main communication lines,
the Germans were making requisitions, the Germans were getting
all they needed, the Germans were driving men to forced labour, and
after repulsing {he Secomd and the Fifth Partisan Divisions, the Ger-
mans were again on this territory, and Mihailovic's Cetniks did not
attack them. This clearly shows the cooperation between the Ger-
mans and the Cetniks against the Partisans, and disproves the allega-
tion that Mihailovic held certain territories in order to prevent the
Germans from entering them. Mihailoivic alleges that the Germans were
able to enter certain villages only by his permission. On the contrary,
the opposite is the truth, the Cetniks could mtove through occupied
territories only if the Germans permitted them to do so. In fact, Mihai-
lovid's units were only acting as subsitutes of the German units in
our country. That is the real truth, and the whole problem of holding
the territory should be looked at from that point of view. It is clear
that the Partisans attacked, not the territories which he held, but the
territories which the invaders held jointly with Mihailovic, and that

494

thoise attacks represented nothing but the true struggle for 'national
liberation. The Partisans never forgot that their chief enemy was the
invader, and that their chief task was to wage war against the inva-
der. But they also knew that by breaking the forces of the assistants
of the invader, they were also defeating the invader himself.

I shall here read to you, comrades judges, a passage from an
article in the »Proletarian« of 1942 headed »The Struggle Against
the Invader is the First and the Most Important Task*. In this article
Marshal Tito says the following about the traitors: »These gentlemen
hope by the cooperation of the invader to stop the wave of the
national uprising. And therefore the breaking of the fascist conquerors
means also the breaking of those traitorous gentlemen and of their
antinational plans. On the other hand, with the breaking of the inva-
ders and the traitors of our peoples, there will be realized an even
firmer unity of all patriots, and conditions will be created for the
brotherhood of all the peoples of Yugoslavia*. He futher writes: »And
just because of all this, the first and the most important task at the
present is a merciless struggle until the final annihilation of all fascist
conquerors, together with their assistants, is achieved*. This was written
in December, 1942. At the conclusion of the article, addressing the
communists, he said: »And just because of this, the communists must,
by their correct work, keep the confidence which our party has so
far gained, and they will preserve it by continuing to devote their
work and their energy exclusively to the present national liberation
struggle, the struggle against the fascist invaders, considering it the
first and the most important task of the present time, but at the
same time not losing sight of the merciless struggle against the traitors
of our country, for it is inseparably connected with the struggle
against the invader«.

That is, comrades judges, how Marshal Tito wrote in Decem-
ber, 1942; and those words of his were sacred to all the Partisans,
who never forgot that their main task was the struggle against the
invader, and since Mihailovic was on the side of the invader, the Par-
tisans fought him wherever they found him. No rational man could
reproach the Partisans because in fighting the invader, they also
fought all the trai torsi and assistants of the invader.

A few more short statements

Mihailovic's Defence tried hard to induce Mihailovic to declare
that he fought against the national liberation movement in Yugoslavia
as a communist movement, and that he considered the National Liber-
ation Army and the Partisan Detachments as a communist organi-

495

zation. But Mihailovic refused to be so ridiculous as to make such a
declaration, for he knew that it could easily be proved in court that
the Communist party of Yugoslavia was only the organizer, the leader
and the inspirer of the rising, and that the hard struggle against the
invader and his forces was born by our peoples, headed by the com-
munists who, in this struggle for liberation, were the most selfsacri-
fioing fighters and the best leaders. Mihailovic also knew, or at least
he could have seen from all the messages of the General Staff of the
Partisan Detachments sent him for the common struggle and
cooperation in the struggle against the invaders, and also from the
conversation with Marshal Tito at the meeting in 1941, that in no
message and in .no word of Tito, was he called upon to fight for com-
munism, but only to fight against the invader and the invader's hire-
lings. Mihaikmd knew this, although his Defence had forgotten it,
and therefore he did not want to appear ridiculous. The intention of
the counsel for the defence was to represent the whole struggle of

I?** HeMam.HaB Has, ^

J3p»3.2»792. o/t. .Ha.B. .Ha.Ba«Bp«299 04 23 -XII-.-JIp.Tonio ITepoBJriL m Tpe<5wtafHOj7
B®ay ca HemjHMa. TOBCCTWO Me Taj HO m cy ra Heinjw XHTHO nossajitf y Gapaje*
B HaB.KPaj.

tliL^?. PJX J?£L*.J?W«fiF.3no on 23 -XTT-.-CaJwrh jaBJW, m Ka.-nwHQBWit.ap, ^

From Mihailovte's book of telegrams received: Report on the visit of the Cetnik dele-
gate Todor Perovic, to Sarajevo, with the object of negotiating with the Germans.

the accused Mihailovic against the Partisans as a civil war, in which
Mihailovid and his men fought against communism, against the Army
of National Liberation and the Partisan Detachments, which, by the
by, some men in our country and also some men abroad would for-
give Mihailovid.

But Mihailovid knew that he was in a court of justice and not
at a propaganda meeting, and that the false slogans of his propa-
ganda, which he used during the occupation, if used before the court,
would be quickly exposed, and therefore he did not use them. He
declared before the Court that he was fully aware that the Partisan
units comprised not only the communists, but the people. And thus
Mihailovid did not give the answer which his counsel for the Defence
desired.

If it can be -said at all that some kind of a civil war was being
waged during the occupation, then every objective observer, even if
he relies only on the proofs revealed at this trial, must ascribe it to
who began, and waged to the very end, a fratricidal

496

struggle; for it is proved that he waged no struggle against the
invader and his hirelings, but only against the liberation rising of
the peoples of Yugoslavia, while the Army of National Liberation
and the Partisan Detachments fought against all the invaders, against
the Germans and the Italians and their satellites, and against their
servants, from Nedic, Ljotic and Mihailovic to their last assistants, such
as Lazar Markovic and those like him. Only in that sense and
in no other can we speak of a civil war.

In the course of the trial, Mihailovic stated that he had been
of the opinion that it was no time for a struggle against the invader,
but he considered that it was time to fight against the Partisans, and
he did so.

And therefore, both for cooperation with the invader and for
all the war crimes comrnited by the Cetnik organization which was
under his leadership, the accused Mihailovic, as the leader of that
organization, is fully responsible^

(The Prosecutor then referred to the acts of each of the ac-
cused, and finally said):

»In conlusion, comrades judges, in the name of our peoples,
in the .name of all those sons and daughters of our peoples who
gave their lives in the struggle for the national liberation of our
country from the yoke of the fascist invaders and their servants, in
the name of the mothers who gave their sons for the liberation of
our country, in the name of the children who have become orphans,
in the name of all the victims of the fascist invaders and their assistants
— and their assistants are lalso all the accused who are being tried by
this court — I demand that the Court should pronounce the severest
sentence o«n the accused, and thus satisfy justice and punish the most
shameful traitors of our peoples in the record of our history«. (Long
and enthusiastic applause).

MI HAILO VIC'S FINAL SPEECH

The accused Mihailovic (after speaking of all his crimes and
acts of treason): »As regards connections with neighbouring countries,
I had already organized from Serbia a joint action with the neigh-
bouring countries.

I had connections with Bulgaria, a country which I know very
well. The indictment cites my contact with Dam j an Velcev £nd Gi-
novski against me, regarding it as representing a struggle against the
communists,

I had contact with Gemet. I tried to form a secret committee
of Bulgars and Serbs for action against the Germans. These contacts
were maintained through Ika Panic and General Draskic, but the
project miscarried, for Ika Panic diid not want to carry it through.
I founded a committee from Gemet's group, headed by Srbakov.
Through Grozni, a reserve officer who fled from Bulgaria to
join me, I organized propaganda against Boris. I established
contact with Colonel Ivanov. I knew that he belonged to the Military
League. I wrote a letter to Velcev, My whole aim with regard to
Bulgaria, was to turn Bulgaria against the Coburgs. I established
contacts through the Bulgarian Military League and through the fol-
lowers of Protogerov. I informed the Government in London of these
contacts.

I established contact with Zervas. But the British did not permit
this contact to be maintained. I sent Captain Mihailo Vemid to Greece.
He went, but did not succeed in reporting to me. My intention was to
create a union in the Balkans, which would be joined by Greece, Bul-
garia and Albania. I considered that it was a sound idea, -although It
woiuld be difficult to realize it today. Small states can, by uniting,
create a greater -state commonwealth, more capable of the struggle
for existence. I did not succeed with Zervas.

Contact with Gani-Bej Crnoglavifi. He wrote to me, but my
corips commander, 2ika Markovid, who was conducting a policy of

498

antagonism toward the Albanians, censored my letters, and prevented
their delivery.

Contact with Pren Pajo, leader of Northern Albania, was in my
interest, but the Albanians desired to annex certain parts of Yugo-
slavia and Montenegro. My letter to Sarkovic shows my desire that
the fighting between the Serbs and Moslems should stop. I did not
consider that a Partisan movement was possible in Albania.

The Government instructed me to work, in cooperation with
the British Mission, on establishing this contact also. I remember
that it wais made possible for me to send to Ro-umania Captain Kor-
nelije Filiipovic of the airforce, whom I instructed to establish contact
with Maniu. But he went to Bucharest and established contact with
the Iron Guard, and not with Maniu; he did this in order that he
might stay in that country as an agent. I again ordered him to esta-
blish contact with M,aniu. From the investigation material I see that
contact was established with a representative of the Roumanian Ge-
neral Staff. Piletic was frustrating these attempts; he wanted to
utilize this contact for local purposes. In due time a message came
from Roiumania off erring me help in arms, and 'asking me to come
to agreement with Nedic. This agent forged a letter about my agree-
ment with Nedic. I consider all this :a game played by agents. I
wanted contact with Maniu. I was acquainted with the Roumanian
losses at the Eastern Front, which had caused dissatisfaction in that
country. I remember sending detachments into Roumania. I know that
the Serbian population, especially round Turn Severin, was for us.
I informed the Government and the British Mission of all this. We
even had a special code, 707.

Contact with Hungary was also established at the order of
the Government My agent was Captain Urosevic. The Hungarians
sought contact with me through Turkey, but they were told there to
seek contact here, on the terrain. General Ujszaszy told Urosevic to
establish contact with me. That contact was established and I sent
Urosevic to Budapest. He discharged his role there very well. The
Hungarians communicated through him that they were preparing
action against the Germans, but that at present they had to wait for
an opportunity. They requested me not to undertake any reprisals
in Backa. They set up false trials, after which they allowed the con-
demned to flee. Urosevic masked his position well. He observed their
work. The chief British channel for Poland was also in Budapest. And
there also was my link with Macek. My contact with Mafiek, or
rather Zagreb, was through Budapest. A group of Macek's men, who
had fled from Pavelic, was in Budapest. Torza, an agent of the British

499

Intelligence Service, was there, and he wished to join my staff. Torza
even promised to establish contact between me and Maniu. The Hun-
garians promised to send me supplies secretly by ship from the Ger-
. mans. It was clear to me that this was not a German but a Hungarian
action. And they -said that later they would' send me 'material secretly
to Bulgaria in a railway truck That proved that there existed a
secret link which was being hidden from me. UroSevic then left
Budapest for Backa to carry out the organization. He sent me some
French officers and N.C.O-'S. I sent them to Cairo. He also attempted
once to send us material through the Red Cross. The Germans then
entered Hungary, and arrested Ujszaszy, and I lost contact with Uro-
sevid. I think that the Government and the British Mission were in-
formed of this.

Those were my connections with the neighbouring countries.

I was representative of the government in the country. I
received messages though delegates. The government was in a position
to know what was happening in the country. The Western Powers
had their men with me. Hudson came with a message, then Bailey
came with a message, and then there was the report of Voja Luka-
2eviid and the work of McDowell. All this influenced my whole work
and attitude.

I found myself in a whirl of events and intrigues. I found myself
in a whirl of events and strivings. I was confronted with the aims and
tendencies of my own goverment. I was surrounded with all possible^
inteligence services, the British Intelligence Service, the Gestapo and
all the intelligence services of the world.

Destiny was merciless towards me when it threw me into the
most difficult whirlwinds. I wanted much, I began much, but the
whirlwind, the world whirlwind, carried me and my work away.

I beg the Court to judge my statements justly. «

32*

THE VERDICT

JUST PUNISHMENT FOR TRAITORS

AND WAR CRIMINALS

THE VERDICT

In the name of the people, the Military, Council of the Supreme
Court of the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia, composed
of Colonel Mihailo Dordevic, President, Lt. Colonel Milija Lakovic
and Mihailo Jankovic, judges, and Lt. Todor Popadic, secretary, in
connection with the criminal acts of the accused Dragoljub-Draza
Mihailovic and the others, which come under the Law concerning
criminal acts -against the People iand the State, amd the Law tor-
bidding the instigation of national, racial, and religious hatred and
discord, .and on the basis of the indictment of the Military Prosecutor
ot the Yugoslav Army of May 31, 1946, Ns 711/46, and according to
the decision of this Court of June 1, 1946, held a public trial in
Belgrade from June 10 to July 11, 1946, at which the indictment was
supported by the Deputy Military Prosecutor of the Yugoslav Army
Colonel MiiloS Mdndd, in the presence of the defendant Dragoljub-
Draia Mhaitovad, who was defended by Nikola Donovid and Dragic-
Joksimoviid, both lawyers in Belgrade; the defendant Stevan Moljevid,
who was defended by Rajko Atanackovid, lawyer in Belgrade; the de-
fendant Duro Vilo-vid, who wais defended by Dr. Miilan OmSkus, lawyer
in Belgrade; the defendant Radoslav-Rade Radic, who was defended
by Lazar VuCatid, lawyer in Belgrade; the defendant SJiavodjub Vra-
njegevid amd the defendant MiloS GlJSid, whioi were defended by Blazo
Radovid, lawyer in Belgrade; the defendant Dnagomir-Dragi Jova-
nofviid and the defendant Kosta Kum,aaudi, who were defended by
Sliavko Dukanac, lawyer nun Belgrade; the 'defendant Tainasije-Tasa
DtowS, who was defended by Dr. Bogoljub Jovanovid, lawyer in Bel-
grade; the defendant Veldboir Jo'nic, who was defended by M;,lain
2ivadmowic, lawyer iln Belgrade; the defendant Djuro Dofeid, who
was defended by Drago-ljub Jioksimovi-d, lawyer in Belgrade; the
defendant Kosta Mugicki, who was defended by Dorde Cirid, lawyer
in Belgrade; the defendant BoSko Pavloviic, who was defended by

504

Slobodan Subotiic, .lawyer in Belgrade; the defendant Lazar-Laza Mar-
kavic, who was defended by Aleksandar Nikolic, lawyer in Belgrade;
and in the absence of the defendant Mladen 2ujovic and the
defendant 2Jvko.Topailovic, who were defended by Ljuibomir Rado-
vainovic, lawyer in Belgrade; the defendant Slobodan Jovanovdc, who
was defended by Miilos Terzic,, lawyer in Belgrade; the defendant
Bozidar Puric and the defendant Petar 2ivkovic, who were de-
fended by Pavle Miljakovie, lawyer tin Belgrade; the defendant Mom-
cilo Ninciic, who was defended by David Alkalaj, lawyer in Belgrade;
the defendant Radoje Kne2evic and the defendant Milan Gavriloviid,
who were defended by Slobodan SubotJd, lawyer in Belgrade; the
defendant 2iivan Knezevic and the defendant Konstantin Fotid, who
were defended by.Dragutin Tasic, lawyer in Belgrade; and after the
final speech of the Deputy Military Prosecutor of the Yugoslav
Army in which he supported the indictment and demanded severe and
just punishment for the accused, and the closing speeches of the
Counsel for the Defence and the final speeches of the accused who
were present, each one of whom appealed for release or clemency, —
passed and publicly pronounced on July 15, 1946, the folloving verdict;

THE DEFENDANTS:

1) Dragodj'Ub-Dnaiza Milhailovic, hoirn April 27, 1893 at Iva-
•njica, father Mihaiilo, mother Snrljarna, maiden name Peitrovic; Ser-
bian, Yugoslav citizen, married, father of two children, before the
war colonel of the former Yugoslav Army and in the course of
the occupation promoted to the rank of army general, was minister
of war in the emigrant government and chief of staff of the
Supreme Command of the so-called Yugoslav Army in the Fatherland
— now in custody;

2) Dr. Stevam Moljewc, born January 6, 1888 at Rudo; father
Jovariy mother Mitra, maiden name Babid; manned, father lof two
children, Serbian, Yugoslav citizen, before the war lawyer at Banja
L/uka, and during the occupation: member of the Staff of the Supreme
Gosmmiand of Draiza Mihailovic — now in custody;

3) Mladen 2ujovK, bonn June 5, 1895, in Belgrade, father
Jevrem, mother Danica, before the war lawyer's clerk in Belgrade,
Serbian, Yugoslav citizen, absent — now abroad;

4) Dr. Zivko Topalovic, bora March 21, 1886, at Uzice; father
P-enisa, mother Miha/va; married, lawyer in Belgrade, Serbian, Yu-
goslav citizen, absent — now abroad;

5) Duro Vilovic, born December 11, 1889, at Breda; father
Dura, mother Simona, maiden name Sasic; Croat, Yugoslav citizen,

505

author and journalist, during the occupation member of the Central
National Committee of the organization of Driaza Mihailovic and
President of the Propaganda Committee — now in custody;

6) Radoslav-Rade Radic, born 1890 at Josavka, Banja Luka
District; father Novak, mother Stoja, maiden name Spasojevic;
merchant, married, father of -three children, Serbian, Yugoslav citizen,
during the occupation Cetnik commander in Bosnia and member
of tjie Contrail National Committee of the organization /of Draza
Mihailiovic — now in custody;

7) Slavic! jub Vranj-esaviq, boorn January 10, 1905 -at Kravica
village, Srcbrnica District; father Dusan, mother Danica, maiden
name Kojic; former Yugoslav major, married, father of one child,
Serbian, Yugoslav citizen; his 'last function: commander of West
Bosnia in the organization of Draza Mihailovic — now in custody

8) MiloS Gliisic, born February 27, 1910, at Uzicka Po2ega;
father Stojadin, mother Stainka, maiden name Bogicevid; captain of
the former Yugoslav Army, Serbian, Yugoslav citizen, married, father
of two! children, — now in custody;

9) Slobodan Jovanovid, born November 21, 1869 in Belgrade;
father Vladimir, mother Jelena; bachelor, former professor of Bel-
grade University, during the war and the occupation vice premier
and later premier of the royal Yugoslav government in emigration,
deputy 'minister of war, absent — <now abroad;

10) Dr. Bozldar Purid, born February 6, 1890 in Belgrade;
father Luka, mother Milica, married; earlier official of the ministry
of foreign affairs and during the occupation premier of the royal
Yugoslav government in emigration, absent — now abroad;

11) Dr. MomfiUo NiiinCifi, -bom May 28, 1876 ait Jagodlna; father
Arom, mother Poik; married, farther <oif two children, Yugoslav citizen,
during the war -and occupation minister of foreign affairs in the
emigrant governments, absent — now abroad;

12) Petar 2ivkovid, bora January 23, 1879, at Negotin; father
Rako, mother Sava; bachelor, Serbian, Yugoslav citizen, before the
war krniy general m and during the war and occupation member of
the emigrant Yugoslav government, acting supreme commander of
the Yugoslav Army and for a time minister of war, absent — now
abroad; '

13) Radoje Knefevic, born August 12, 1901 at Stragari; father
Lazar, mother Mileva, maiden name Valjfcovic, married, father of
two children, Serbian, Yugoslav citizen, before the war secondary
•school teacher in Belgrade, -and during the occupation minister of
the court in emigration, absent — now abroad;

506

14) Milan Gavrilovic, ibor-n November 23, 1882 in Belgrade;
father Uros, mother Agnica, maiden name Vasic; married, father
of five children, Serbian, Yugoslav citizen before the war diplomat
and former ambassador, during the occupation member of the emi-
grant Yugoslav government, absent — now abroad;

15) 2ivan Knezevic, born June 15, 1906 at Vranje, father
Lazar, mother Mileva, maiden name Veljkovic; married, Serbian, Yu-
goslav citizen, before the war major of the Yugoslav Army and du-
ring the occupation chief of the millitary chancellery of the emigrant
Yugoslav government and military attach^ to Ambassador Fotic,
absent — • now abroad;

16) Konstantki Fotic, born February 17, 1891 at Sabac, married
Serbian, Yugoslav citizen, before the war deputy minister and mi-
nister abroad, and during the occupation ambassador of the Yugo-
slav government in Washington, absent — now abroad;

17) Dragomir-Dragi Jovanovic, born July 27, 1902 at Po4a-
revac, father Ljubomir, mother Vilma, maiden name Draskoci;
•married, father of one child, Serbian, Yugoslav citizen, before the
war chief of the Police of Belgrade; during the occupation chief of
the Police of Belgrade, Mayor of Belgrade, chief of the Serbian
State Security Department and special commissar of the Government
for Belgrade and the Vracar and Groc'ka districts, — now in custody;

18) Tanasije-Tasa Dinic, 55 years old; father Dorde, mother
Paraskeva, maiden name Jovamoviic; bonn .at Nis, Serbian, Yugoslav
citizen, married, no children, before the war infantry colonel of the
former Yugoslav Army, ex-member of Parliament, during the occupa-
tion Sfpecial commissar for appointments, deputy commissar for the
interior, minister of the interior and .minister of social policy — now
in custody;

19) Velibor Joinic, born February 12, 1892 at Kmjevo village,
Orasac District; father Krsta, mother Sofija, maiden name Veljkovid;
married, father of one child, Serbian, Yugoslav citizen, before the
war teacher ait the Military Academy and journalist, during the war
and occupation commissar of the Ministry of Education and later
minister of education in 'Medic's government — now in custody;

20) Dura Dokic, born 1874 at Uzice; father Lazar, mother
Katarina, maiden name Laziarevic; married, (father of one child, Ser-
bian, Yugoslav citizen, before the war reserve army general, during
the occupation minister of communications in Nedid's government
from October 3, 1941, till the end — now in custody;

507

21) Kasita Musidd, boirn April 7, 1897, at Slavomki Brod;
father Milan, mother Jelena, maiden name Mihailovic; married,
father of two children, Serbian, Yugoslav citizen, active colonel of
engineers of the former Yugoslav Army, during the war commander
of the Serbian Volunteer Corps, and as such promoted to the rank
of general — now in custody;

22) BoSko Pavlovfid, born April 7, 1892 at Jajce, Bosnia;
father Vukasin, mother Katarina, maiden name Antres; married,
father of two children, Serbian, Yugoslav citizen, before the war
commander of the State Police Guards in Zagreb, during the occu-
pation assistant commander of the Serbian State Guards and under-
secretary of state in Nedic's government, now in prison;

23) Dr. Lazar-Laza Markovid, born September 21, 1882, in
Belgrade; father Petar, mother Stana, maiden name Petrovic;
widower, father of one child, Serbian, Yugoslav citizen, former mi-
nister, — now in custody and

24) Dr. Kosta Kumanudi, born 1874 in Belgrade; father Di-
mitrije, mother Emina, maiden name Holzer; married, father of
three children, Serbian, Yugoslav citizen, retired minister — now in
custody.

ARE GUILTY

because, in the ooiurse of the superhuman struggle which, from
1941 to 1945, the peoples of Yugoslavia, in defence of their liberty
and independence and for their existence, carried on against
Hitler's Germany, fascist Italy and -their satellites, they entered and
maintained political and military collaboration with the invader,
during the war and the enemy occupation, for joint action in the
suppression of the peoples uprising, 'and the mataten/aaice of the
occupation, so as to establish, with the aid of the invader, a regime
of .anti-inational dictatorship and national oppression; aind in this
way they committed, in a critical period in the history of the peoples
of Yugoslavia, the crime of treason against the people /and the
Fatherland;

because jointly with the invader — in pursuance of his impe-
rialistic plan of enslaving and exterminating the peoples of Yu-
goslavia — they organized, ordered and carried out or instigated the
perpetration of countless crimes against the peoples: Milling, handing
over the wiounded to the invader, mass murders and massacres,
arrests, torturing in concentration camps, forced labour for the
benefit iof the invader, compulsory mobilization, burning, plunder

508

and the destruction of public and private property, violation and
other war crimes, an consequence of which they are responsible for
the deaths and sufferings of hundreds of thousands of men, women
and children, as follows:

I
THE ACCUSED DRAGOLJUB-DRA2A MIHAILOVIC:

1) Because, beginning in the second half of 1941, throughout
the war and .enemy occupation he organized and led the armed Cetnik
formations known Hinder the name of »The Cetniks of Draza Mi-
liai:lov!ic« and the so-called » Yugoslav Army in the Fatherliand« whose
aim was, through armed -action and a campaign of terror, in colla-
boration with the invader, to maintain the occupation 'and suppress
the 'Uprising and the liberation struggle of the Serbian and the other
peoples of Yugoslavia.

2) Because he established contact with the invaders' comman-
ders 'and 'authorities, in order to suppress the National Liberation
Struggle of the peoples of Yugoslavia, and to maintain the occu-
pation, from the very beginning of his anti-national activity; he
carried on throughout the .duration of war, up to the actual capitu-
lation of Hitler's Germany, active political aind -military collaboration
with all the invaders; he concluded, alone or through his subordinate
commanders and agents, understandings and agreements for engaging
in a jioiint struggle against .his Fatherland; he received -from the in-
vader arms and ammunition, equipment, food and other help for
his Cetnik units; he placed his units under the command of the
invader for the execution of war operations against the Army of
National Liberation; he authorized Ms commanders to »legalize«
themselves and their detachments with the invader, i. ev to enter
openly into the service of the invader, and certain Cetnik units to
place themselves directly under the command of the invader, under
the name of the »anti-communist voluntary militia* — so that all
his subordinate commanders and units, according to Ms instructions
and orders, in common with the fascist 'occupation units, throughout
the war engaged in military operations against the peoples' armed
forces and committed crimes and acts of terror against the people,

3) Because from the very beginning of his treacherous activity
he established contact with Nedic and the other quislings, open
servants of the invader, with the aim iof maintaining the occupation
and uniting all the traitorous forces against the struggle for liberation
•of the peoples of Yugoslavia; he gave instructions to his commanders

509

to conclude agreements and collaborate with the Ustasas, to recognize
the sovereignty of the so-called ^Independent State of Croatia« and
to swear fealty to Pavelic, the organizer of the mass slaughter of the
Serbian and Croat peoples;

4) Because for the same end, he adopted from the invader
the false slogan of »the struggle against com<munism<< which was
aimed at diverting the struggles of the peoples from the path of the
National Liberation Struggle to the path of dviill war. Under the
slogan of »the struggle against ooimmunism<<, he and his Cetmiks
killed the patriots who in any way helped and approved of the
struggle against the invader.

5) Because, under the false slogans of:; »The defence of Serb-
dom« -and »Saving Serbian lives,« with which slogans the Quislfrng
Ned'c also justified the oocupatioin, he destroyed the unity of the
Serbian people in the struggle against the invader, and forced a fra-
tricidal war upon them, in which his Cetmiks killed tens of thousands
of Serbs;

6) Because, in agreement with the policy of the invaders, as
the representative of all anti-national and anti-democratic elements,
and in order to destroy the brotherhood ajnd unity of the peoples
of Yugoslavia a-nd establish national oppression, he incited national
and religious hatred and discord among the peoples of Yugo-
slavia, on which account his Cetnik bands perpetrated mass murder
of the Croat and Moslem, ats well as the Serbian population, which
did not accept the occupation;

7) Because, in conjunction with the emigrant government, in
which he was a Minister, he spread propaganda among the people
to the effect that it was not yet time fo<r the struggle against the
invader until stronger AMded forces landed in the Balkans, m until
Germany was on the point of capitulation, and in doing so main-
tained the occupation and weakened the war effort of Yugoslavia,
as well as the common front of the Allied countries laigainst Hitler's
Germany and her satellites; and \

8) Because, consistent with his treacherous activity carried
on throughout the war and occupation, before the final, liberation
of the country from the invader, after he was politically and mili-
tarily broken, he organized terrorist bands and groups trained in the
Gestapo schools for terrorists, as the only means left to him, and
sent arms and trained terrorists to carry out diversionary acts, sabo-
tage and murders, which these groups did, and he ordered certain
of his commanders also to turn to terrorist acts. — so as, in the last
stage of the struggle, to "help the invader who was withdrawing from

510

our country, and in order to threaten the new constitutional demo-
cratic order in the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia.

Thus:

a) In August 1941, although he had agreed with the repre-
sentatives of the Valjevo Partisan detachment that the Cetniks and
Partisans should not; attack each other, he treacherously and
suddenly attacked a section of the Valjevo Partisan detachment at
Planinica village (near Mionica), in which attack the accused Mi>-
hailovic personally commanded his Cetniks who on this occasion
killed two Partisans, wounded several, and took isome prisoner;

b) At the time of the outbreak of the first uprising in Serbia,
when the insurgents began to liberate the towns, he established con-
tact with the traitor Milan Nedic, and at his invitation sent a delegation
to Belgrade headed by Major Alexander Misic, with authorization
to conclude an agreement with Nedic on a joint struggle for the
suppression of the peoples' -uprising in Serbia. The delegation of
the accused Mihailovic, iafter the negotiations, which lasted from
August 29 to September 5, 1941, concluded with Nedic the following
agreement: that Nedic, i. e., Nedic's government, and the accused
Mihailovic should GoMiaboroate iin, the struggle against the Partisans,
with the object of annihilating them; that Nedic should immediately
gave financial help to the organization of the accused Mihailovic;
that Nedic should immediately appoint a liaison officer, who would
be continuously attached to the Headquarters of the accused Miha-
illovic; that Nedic should .arrange with the Germans not to persecute
the accused Mihailovic and his Cetoiks; and that after the formation
of Nedic's armed detachments they should carry out a joint opera-
tional plan for the purging of Setfbia of the Partisans.

After this agreement the delegation lof the .accused Mihailovic
received financial help from Nedic, and towards the middle of Sep-
tember 1941, Pipan, Mihailovic's liaison officer with Nedic, brought
to the Headquarters of, the accused Mihailovic the assistant com-
mander of Nedic's gendarmerie, Lt. Col. Marko Olujevic, who was
appointed by Nedic liaison officer attached to the Headquarters of
the accused Mihailovic, and carried with him Nedid's operational
plan for the joint purging of Senbia of the Partisans. Nedic,
likewise, arranged, through the German command of General Dunkel-
mann, for the Germans not to persecute the Cetniks of the accused
Mihailovic.

c) In, preparing a general attack on the Partisans, Mihailovic
received under his command a considerable number of Kosta Pedanac's

511

commanders who had placed themselves openly in the service of
the German invader, such as Budimir Cerski, Jovan Skavovic, Nikola
Kalabic, Bozo Javorac and others; in September 1941 immediately
after the liberation of Pozega from the Germans, he ordered his
commanders, Milos Glisic and Vufrko Ignjatovic, to attack the Par-
tisans at Pozega and to capture the town from them;

By his hostile and suspicious attitude towards the Partisans he
induced his officer Ignjatovic and his Cetnifc detachment an Pozega,
to disarm Partisan cioairiers and small Partisan groups; to intercept
trains going from Cacak to Uzice with loads of wheat for the po-
pulation, to seize transports of .arms and ammunition .sent from
U2ice to the front, to the troops who were fighting sanguinary, battles
against the Germans, to remove from a train the commander of
the First Sumadija Partisan detachment, Milan Blagojevic, who was
returning from Uzice to the front near Rudnik, and to kill him after
brutal tortures.

Having made all the necessary preparations for the general
attack on the Partisans, and in accordance with the message that
Captain Hudson had transmitted to him from his superiors, and which
read; » Yugoslavs must fight for Yugoslavia and the struggle must
not be transformed into la communist rebellion for Soviet Russia,«
the accused MihaflowS broke the agreement regarding the joint
struggle of the Cetniks and Partisans against the invaders and their
hirelings, concluded in October 1941 with Tito, commander of the
National Liberation Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia; and on No-
vember 1, 1941, he gave orders to the commanders of all his units to
withdraw all units facing the Germans, and to carry out a general
attack on the Partisans. In carrying out this order all his units in
Serbia abandoned their fronts against the Germans, leaving the
way open to the German forces for their advance into the liberated
teritory, and made a general attack oin the Partisans viz.

On the night of November 1st— 2nd, 1941, the Cetniks,
under the command of GldSi«d >aind Ignjatovic, attacked Uzice at a
place called TreSnjica (only a few kilometres from Uzice);

On the night of November Tst — 2nd, 1941, Boza »Javorac«
(who put himself under the command of GliSi<S and Ignjatovic) sud-
denly attacked Ivanjica;

On November 6, 1941, the Cetniks, who had abandoned the
Kraljevo front *a few days earlier, made a sudden and treacherous
attack on a Partisans tank unit and artillery, killing the crews, and
then attacked Ca2ak;

512

Captain Drag. Racic's Cetnik detachment made a second attack
on Uzice;

The Cetnik detachments of Captain NeSko and Lieutenant Voja
Popovic attacked the Kolubara Partisan battalion on positions near
Valjevo, where it was fighting against the Germans;

d) After the failure of the Cetnik attack against the Partisans,
the accused Mihailovic continued the struggle against the Partisans,
encouraged by the broadcasts of the emigrant Yugoslav government
which announced in the middle of the Cetnak attack on the Partisans
that the accused Mjhailovic was the only authorized representative
of the King and the emigrant government in the occupied country,
and that all fighting forces should put themselves under his command.
After that the accused Mihailovic,, with the unanimous approval of
his staff, went with his officers Major Aleksandar Misic, Colonel
Branislav P antic and Captain Nenad Mitrovic to the village of Divci
(10 km. tarn Valjevo) and, in a cafe, met the German representatives:
the Chief of Staff of the German commander, for Serbia, Gestapo
officer Captain Joseph Matl, and .some other German officers. The
meeting was held in the greatest secrecy under the protection of
German armoured cars and a large number of German soldiers. The
accused Mihailovic informed the emigrant government about this
meeting by radiogram, through the British Intelligence Service;

e) On November 20, 1941, the accused Mihailovic, through
his representatives, concluded a truce with the representatives of
the Headquarters of the Partisan detachments of Yugoslavia, and
pledged himself to fight against the invader jointly with the Partisans;
but he broke this agreement also, in the most critical phase of the
struggle, during the first enemy offensive against the liberated terri-
tory of Serbia, which started on November 23, 1941, by ordering his
commanders not to fight the Germans;

f) After the retreat of the chief Partisan forces from Serbia,
Mihailovic held a conference iotf his commanders on Ravna Gora, on
November 30, 1941, and ordered his commanders to »:legailiize« them-
selves with the invader; that is, to enter openly and publicly into
the service of the Germans. Acting upon this order, certain command-
ers of the accused Mihailovic, with their units, entered the service
of the Germans, namely: Lieutenant Predrag Rakovic at Ca£ak, GltiSid
and Ignjatolvic at Po£ega, Pante'lic at Loznica, 2ivan Laizovid in the
Ed-grade ;area, Bonivoje Rajkovic and Captain Mladenovid iat Kos-
jeric, Captain Mitic, Matic, Budimir Cerski, Jovan Skavovid, Masan
Durovic and others. These »legailized« units, together with their
commanders,, while recognizing the accused Mihailovic as their com-

513

mander and taking orders from him, at the same time received arms,
food and clothing from the Germans, amd joined them in operations
against the remaining Partisan units in Serbia, catching and killing
•patriots who helped the Liberation struggle of the Serbian people.

In carryng into effect the agreement with Nedic oil a joint
struggle against the Partisans, the accused Mihailovic established
strong connections with a 'large number of Nedic's commanders, —
Milan Kalabiic, Radovan Stojansoivic and others, who fought against
the Partisans in the winter of 1941/42 and the spring of 1942 jointly
with him and under h.'s orders;

g) As early as 1941, after having betrayed the uprising in
Serbia, and entered into cooperation with the German invader, -the
accused Mihailovic began the organization of Cetndk detachments in
all the lands and regions of Yugoslavia. Thus:

In December, 1941, the accused Mihailwid sent his officers
MiKvoje Nedeljkovic and Perhinek to Montenegro with the object
of establishing contact with the Cetnik commanders in Montenegro
an<3 Sand^ak — General Blazo Dukanovi^, Colonel Bajo Stani§ic,
Major Dorde La&d and Captain Pavle Rurisid, and to hand them
his instructions for the struggle against the Partisans. The said
Cetnik commanders, at the end of 1941, organized their units, with
the full help of the Italian invader and combined with him in fighting
against the Partisans, receiving arms, food and in some cases even
pay from the Italians;

In Samd2ak, the accused Mihailovic, at the end of 1941,
succeeded in placing under his command the Sandzak Cetnik units
which were at that time openly in the Italian service and had
been fighting against the Partisans from Nioivember 1941;

In the autumn of 1941 Mihailovic sent to Bosnia and Herce-
govina, with the object of organizing the Cetniks, his officers
Major Bo§ko Todorovic, Lieutenant Mutimir Petkovic, Captadn
Sergije Mihailovid, Lieutenant Momfcilovic, and others in addition
to Major, Jezdimir Dangic of the gendarmerie, whom he had
sent to eastern Bosnia at the time of the national uprising in Serbia.
The accused Mihailovid appointed Major BoSko Todorovid commander
of Eastern Bosnia and Hercegovina, and the latter, after his arrival
in this area, concluded an agreement concerning the cooperation of
Cetniks with the Italian invader in the struggle against the Partisans;

Jezdimir Dangid, commander of the accused Mihailovic's
units in Eastern Bosnia, immediately after his arrival in this area,
broke up the unity of the Cetniks and Partisans in the struggle
against the Germans and UstaSas, and allowed the Germans to enter

514

the liberated territory, although the Partisans had previously stopped
them and succeeded in preserving an important part of this
territory. D angle established contact with the Gestapo captain Mat!
at Banja Koviljaca, and then went to Belgrade, with the knowledge
and approval of the accused Mihailovic, to ask help from the
Germans and Nedic in his struggle against the Partisans, in Eastern
Bosnia;

At the same time local Cetnik commanders an Eastern Bosnia
— Father Sava Bozic, Cvjetin Todic, and others, who had put
themselves under the command of Captain Racic, (one of the accused
Mihailovic's officers who had crossed into Eastern Bosnia in December
1941), came to an agreement with the Ustasa authorities to cooperate
in the extermination of Partisans and to join them in the fight against
the Partisans in Eastern Bosnia;

During 1941, Ilija Trifunovic-Bircanin, one of the accused
Mihadlovic's commanders, with the help of the Italians, organized
Cetnik units in Western Bosnia and Lika, and later in Dalmatia,
'which fought .against the Partisans in the closest collaboration with
the Italians. He put considerable Cetnik forces into special formations,
known as the 'Voluntary 'anti-communist militia" (MVAC-Milizia
Volointaria Anticomunista) under direct Italian comiimand, the main
task of these formations being the extermination of anti-fascists in
Dalmati-a;

During this period the accused Mihailovic sent his officer Karlo
Novak to Slovenia, and with the help of the invader and the quisling
White Guards, this officer organized the Slovene Cetniks known as
the "Blue Guard;'' although few in number, all the units of the ac-
cused Mihailovic in Slovenia under the command of Major Novak
openly collaborated with the invader and the quisling Slovene "White
Guard";

h) A general national uprising broke out in Montenegro,
Eastern Bosnia and Sandzak at the end of 1941 and the beginning
of 1942. Following the path of treason and aiming at the suppres-
sion of the national uprising in these areas, the accused Mihailovifi
left Serbia in May 1942, went to Zlatar mountain, and from there
to Montenegro, and personally directed the operations of the
Cetnik units under the command of Milos Glisic and Vucko Ignja-
tovic from Serbia, Petar Bacovic from Eastern Bosnia, Blazo
Dukawovic,, Pavle Durisic, Dorde Lasic, Ivan Ru2ic, Bajo StaniSic,
Jakov Jovovic and Sima MijuSkovic from Montenegro, and
the "legalized" units of Nikola Bojovic, Vuk Kalaitovic, "Voevod"
Irid and Rade Korda, which Cetnik units were at that time taking

515

part with the Italians in the Third Enemy Offensive against the
Partisan units in Montenegro and Sandzak. All the said Cetnik units
under the command of the accused Mihailovic were receiving arms,
ammunition and food from the Italians, while the units of Mihai-
lovic's commander' Blazo Djukanovic were receiving also money.
During the operations the Italians transported the Cetnik units in
their lorries from sector to sector, and the Cetnik commanders,
including members of the accused Mihailovic's supreme command,
passed through Italian garrison towns in motor-cars. The accused
Mihailovic himself, with his staff, was in the immediate vicinty of
the Italian garrison. After heavy and tenacious fighting against the
Italians and Cetniks, especially on the sectors Sinjajevina, Kamenj
Gora — Kosanica, Niksic — Golija, Niksic — Travnik, Orlovac and Gat,
and after the treacherous attack of the Cetniks on the Partisan
hospital and the Fifth Shock-brigade at Curevo, the Partisan forces
were obliged to retreat from the free territory of Montenegro,
Sandzak, Eastern Bosnia and Hercegpvina, to Western and Central
Bosnia, owing to the pressure of the Italian divisions and the
accused Mihailovic's betrayal;

i) After the Partisans had 'been obliged to evacuate the free
territory in Montenegro, Sandzaik, Eastern Bosnia and Hercegovhia,
the Cetniks of the accused Mihailovic strengthened ifieir coopera-
tion with the Italian invader, and, aided by the Italians, established
a reign of terror on that territory. In the immediate vicinity of
Kolasin, where Mihailovid's commander Pavle Durisic warmly re-
ceived the Italian war criminal, General Pirzio Biroli, governor of
.Montenegro, and where the Cetniks killed and hanged Monte-
negrin patriots, — the accused Mihailovic, with his staff which was
at Lipovo, directed the action of the Cetniks for the crushing of the
national uprising; at that time he was lavishly helped, both materially
and politically, by the emigrant government in London, and support-
ed by Major Hudson of the British army who at that time asked
the accused Mihailovic to arrange for him "to meet Captain Durisic
and Colonel Stanisid and other leaders who had fought so
successfully .against the communists and liberated their areas from
them."

j) After an unsuccessful attempt, in the autumn of 1942, to
crush, together with the Italians, Germans and the Ustasas, the Partisan
forces on Dinara and in Western and Central Bosnia, the accused
Mihaikwid, incited by Colonel Bailey of the British army, who told
him that it was necessary to annihilate the Partisan forces and to clear
the Partisan territory before the landing of the Allies in the Balkans,

33*

516

began careful preparations for the participation of the Cetnik
units in the Fourth Enemy Offensive, and personally drew up the
operational plan for the participation of the Cetniks in the said
offensive. '

The German and the Italian invaders, realizing the significance
of the national uprising of the peoples of Yugoslavia for the liber-
ation struggle of the people of enslaved Europe, and realizing the
danger that this uprising represented for their plan of operations
in North Africa and the Middle Eeast, decided to crush the upri-
sing in Yugoslavia, finally and completely. With this end in view
the German and Italian commands made a common plan for joint
operations in the coming Fourth Enemy Offensive, assigning the
following units for the operation: a) German: 7-th SS "Prince
Eugen" division, 369-th Infantry division, 717-th Jaeger division
and 718-th Infantry division, and other special units: motorized,
armoured, artillery, air-force; b) — Italian divisions: "Lombardia",
"Re", "Sassari", "Murgie" and "Taurinense"; c) Ustasa brigades,
Home Guard units and militia detachments. The accused Mihailovic,
having made preparations for taking part in these operations,
ordered the following Cetnik units to participate :the First corps of
Major Bjelajac with 2.000 Cetniks, the Second corps of Father
Dujic with 2.000 Cetniks, the Third corps of Major Bacovdc wiith
3.000 Cetniks, 600 Cetniks under the command of Novak Mijovic,
5.000 Cetndks under the command of Bajo Stanisic, 3.000 Cetoiks
under the command of Bora Mitranovic and 5.000 Cetniks under
the command of Pavle Durisic.

The main operations in the Fourth Enemy Offensive took
place between January 15 and the middle of April 1943 in the area
extending from the Kupa across the Neretva — in the Neretva
"pocket" the famous "battle for the wounded" took place — to the
Drina. In these operations the above mentioned German, Italian
and P'avelic's units took part as well as the units of the accused
Mihailovic, which had received from the invader arms, ammunition
and food, and were supported by the invader's artillery, lair-force
and tanks. The accused Mihailovic led the operations of the Cetnik
units, both through Major Ostojic, and personally. In the final phase
of the operations on the Drina, the accused Mihailovid commanded
certain parts of the Italian "Taurinense" division. During this offen-
sive the enemy and Cetnik formations set fire to villages, laying
waste whole regions, and exterminating masses of civilians who
were retreating with their people's army before the enemy;

517

k) During the Fourth Offensive in the area between the
Kupa, Neretva and Drina, the accused Mihailovic's Cetniks, in accord-
ance with his instructions, fought also in other regions of Yugoslavia,
together with the invader and quislings, against the Army of Nation-
al Liberation and Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia. Thus in Serbia
the accused Mihailovic's Cetniks, under the command of Predrag
Rakovic, Zvonimir Vuckovic and others, took part in the common
struggle against the Partisans, together with the Germans, Nedic's
and Ljotic's units, Bulgarian occupation units and units of the
Russian White Guards. According to instructions, and with the
approval of the accused Mihailovic, the Cetniks in Bosnia concluded
a series of agreements with the Germans and Ustasas in Slovenia and
with the Slovene "White Guard". After the capitulation of Italy
in September 1943, Cetnik units of the accused Mihailovic through-
out the country came under the protection of the Germans, cooper-
ated openly with them, took orders from them and received arms,
ammunition and other military equipment;

1) Having received material aid and instructor's from the
emigrant governments to hold out with his forces at any cost,
and the message of General Mastersoin of the British army to liquidate
the communists as soon as possible, after which the situation would
become better for the Cetniks and the English would change their
attitude, propaganda and policy towards Mihailovic, the accused
Mihailovic had, during the summer of 1943 till the end of the
war, a series of meetings and contacts with representatives of
the German command in Yugoslavia and the home traitors Nedic,
Pavelid and Ljoti£, as well as the reactionary elements in Croatia,
with the purpose of carrying on the struggle against the liberation
movement of the peoples of Yugoslavia.

Thus, by order of the accused Mihailovic, meetings were held'
in April and May 1944 between Mihailovic's commander of Serbia,
General Trifunovid, the accused 2lvko Topalovid, and Captain
Rakovid, on the one hand, and the Gestapo man, Starker, Milan
Adimovid, Dimitrije Ljotid, and Ilija Mihailovic on the other, in the
villages of Vranidi, TrbuSani a-nd Brdami. At these meetings it was
decided to carry out joint operations against the Partisans and to
supply the Cetniks with German arms. Apart from his commanders,
the accused Mihaitovid met person-ally, on August 20, 1944, at Razani
near Kosjerid, Milan Nedid and the accused Dragomir Jovanovic, and
there they concluded the following agreement: Nedic was to give
Mihailovid monthly assistance of one hundred million dinars, Nedid
undertook to supply Mihailovid with 32.000 rifles and three million

518

rounds of ammunition to be obtained from the Germans, Nedi£
pledged himself to supply Mihailovic with uniforms and footwear,
in order to coordinate the action against the Army of National
Liberation — if the Germans allowed this — Nedic was to put
his armed forces under the command of the accused Mihailovic and
Mihailovic promised Nedic that the arms would not be used against
the Germans; further, Mihailovic met personally the chief of the
administrative staff of the German military commander for Serbia,
Neubacher, at Rosci at Caganjt school, in August 1944, and the
Gestapo man Starker on four more occasions, namely in the village
of Pranjani in August 1944, at Dragina on, the occasion of the
accused Mihailovic's flight from Serbia to Bosnia in September
1944, and twice in Bosnia in the region of Sarajevo, at the end
of 1944 and the beginning of 1945. , At the first three meetings
between the accused Mihailovic and German representatives, viz., at
the Rosci meeting (at Caganj school), at Pranjani and at Draginja,
Colonel McDowell of the American army was present. Colonel
McDowell came to Mihailovic as chief of the American military
mission, after the British government had recalled their missions
to the accused Mihailovic and his commanders, and as such he re-
quested the Germans to surrender exclusively to Mihailovic, and
assured Mihailovic that he must keep up his position among the
people and that the USA would help Mihailovic and his organization
exclusively. In the winter of 1942, through Pinterovic and Mate
Ruskovic, the accused Mihailovic established contact with the
followers of Macek in Croatia; he maintained this contact until
the end of the war, in order to unite the military formations
which the Macek men intended to form under the supreme comand
of the accused Mihailovic, for the purpose of engaging them in a
common struggle against the Movement of National Liberation. On
the basis of fighting against the National Liberation (Movement,
the accused Mihailovic, in March 1945, through Bra§ic, a lawyer,
established contact with, and sent letters to, Archbishop Stepinec
and Ante Pavelic, the organizer of the massacre of the .Serbian and
Croatian peoples.

In the same period, from the summer of 1943 to the end of
the war, while the accused Mihailovic and his commanders were
concluding the above mentioned agreements, the following 'Units,
in collaboration with the Germans and quisling formations, con-
tinued the struggle against the Army of National Liberation and the
Yugoslav Army: the Cetniks, under the command of Major Ostojid,
a member of Draza Mihailovic's Supreme Command, the Cetnik units

519

of DurLsic, Draskovic, Kalaitovic, Cvetic, Lalatovic, Racic, Vuckovic,
Nikola Kalabic, Markovic, Radovic, Nesko Nedic, Tufegdiic, Keserovic
and others in Sandxak and Serbia and 'units under the command of
Rade Radio, Vranjesevic, Drenovic, Bora Mitranovic, Cvijetin Todic,
Steva Damjanovic "Le-ka" in Bosnia and finally those of Buic, Jevde-
vic, Bjelajac, Bacovic, Lukacevic and others in Bosnia, Croatia and
other regions.

m) Concluding the treacherous activity which he had carried
out during the .liberation war and the occupation, the accused
Mihailovic, before the expulsion of the Germans from Yugoslavia
and the annihilation of the Cetnik units, proceeded to terrorism.
Thus, in March 1945, at Modric in Bosnia he created, a school for
terrorists, to whom he gave the name "Royal Commandos", and he
received the Gasparevic .terrorist-diversionary group which he
knew had been sent to Serbia directly from the Gestapo in Vienna
with the object of committing sabotage, diversionary acts, assas-
sination and other crimes, placing it under his own command and
giving it orders when he sent it to Serbia with his commander
Topalovic. He issued orders to! his other commanders as well, to
proceed to terrorist acts, and so certain commanders, after the
conclusion of war operations, blew up bridges and trains, and
committed assassinations until they were captured;

The accused Dragoljub-Draza Mihailovic and his Cetnik com-
manders, according to his orders and instructions in large-scale actions
called moppin^-up of the terrain, and with the aid of the flying
brigades and the Black Threes, throughout the whole course of the war
and the occupation commited innumerable war crimes against the
people in all regions of Yugoslavia. Thus:

In November 1941, in the village of Brai6i at a place called
Drenovi Vrh, the Cetmks shot about 500 captured Partisans and their
supporters;

The accused . Mihailovic, on the night November 1 3th — 14th,
1941, (i. e. the same night as when he met the Gestapo captain
JVktl) ordered his commander Daka Tesmanovic to hand over some
365 captured Partisans to the Serbian State Guard in the village of
Slovac, although he knew for certain that the Serbian State Guard
would shoot them or hand them over to the Germans, which was
done, and in the following way: Tesmainovic handed them over to
Jo-van Skava, and he handed them over to the Germans. The Ger-
mans shot about 270 of the Partisans, while the others ware sent
to camps;

In the first days of November, 1941, Mihailovi^s commander,
Aj-dafiid, slaughtered 13 Partisan sympathizers near Kosjeric, at a place

520

called Ridovi, among whom was the school teacher Jelena Subic-
Gmizovic, and Mileva Kosovac, whom the Cetniks had previously
raped and disfigured with hot irons;

In November 1941, near Ravna Gora, the Cetniks killed about
30 Partisans who had been captured by a trick, among whom were
18 girls who had 'been sent to Uzice as nurses;

In December 1941, at Cacak, Mihailovic's Cetniks, in collabora-
tion with the Germans, shot 80 members of the Movement of Nati-
onal Liberation at one time;

In December 1941, in the Pozega District, a mixed German-
Cetnik court sentenced to death, on one occasion only, 12 Partisan
supporters;

In December 1941, and during January 1942, the Cet/niks mas-
sacred over 2.000 Moslems — men, women and children, from the
Foca, Gorazde and Cajnice regions. The massacres were perpetrated
on the bridges over the Drina at Foca and Gorazde;

In the course of December 1941, and during the whole of 1942,
Mihailovic's »legalized« Cetniks arrested and handed over to the Ger-
mans in different regions of Serbia, thousands of Partisan supporters
whom the Germans shot in the Banjica, Nis, Uzice, Cacak and other
camps. Besides this, the Cetniks themselves killed thousands of Par-
tisan supporters, looted many villages, flogged thousands of people,
and violated a large number of women and girls belonging to Parti-
san families;

O!n April 1, 1942, at JoSavka, Rade Radics Cetniks killed 20
wo-unded Partisans, among them the 'seriously wounded National Hero,
Dr. (Mladen Stojanovic;

In April 1942, Lazar TeSan-ovic's and Rade Radices Cetniks (who
had at that time placed themselves under the command of Mihailovic's
captain Racic). killed 70 wounded Partisans;

At the end of April, 1942, Spasoje Dakic, Mihailovid's battalion
commander at Celebic, killed the British major, Terence Athertcm,
and his radio-telegraphist, a British sergeant;

In June 1942, Mihailovic's Cetniks set fire to the hospital in
the village of Izgori, near Gacko, burning 10 woiunded Partisans;

In June 1942, Mihailovic's detachment, under the command of
Captain Vladimir Dutoic, took from the prison at Niksic 25 supporters
of the Movement of National Liberation and shot them, in collabora-
tion with the Italians;

In August 1942, Mihailovic's commander Bacovic killed the fol-
lowing sympathizers of the Movement of National Liberation: Judge

521

Rade Pravica, Toma Galep, Jovo Ljubibratic, Budimir Ukropina and
Tasa Kosoric;

In August 1942, Mi'hailovic's Cetni'ks, under the command of
Petar Bacovic, during their occupation of Foca, slew both there and in
the villages which together are known as Bufoovica, about 1.000 Mo-
slems, among whom were about 300 women, children and old men;

In August 1942 on the terrain round Ustikolina and Jahorina
(Eastern Bosnia) JVLihailovic's Cetniks, under the command of Major
Zaharija Ostojii and Petar Bacovic, massacred about 2.500 Moslems
and burned down their villages;

In September 1942, at Makarska, Petar Bacovic's Cetniks killed
about 900 Croats, skinned alive a number of Catholic priests, and
burned 17 villages;

In October 1942, near Prozor, Petar Bacovic's Cetniks killed,
in collaboration with the Italians and under the command of the Ita-
lian lieutenant Vidjak, about 2.500 Modems and Croats, among whom
were women, children and old men, and burned a large number of
villages;

In October 1942, Petar Bacovic's Cetniks in the villages of Gat,
Niklice and Cislo, in Dalmatia, in collaboration with the Italians,
killed 109 Croats as sympathizers of the National Liberation Mo-
vement;

hi the autumn of 1942, at Dreznica (Hercegovkia) the Cetniks
from Gacko massacred about 100 Moslems during a raid on Prozor;

In December 1942, in the village of Vrajinci (Mrkajic — Eastern
Bosnia) arid in the neighbouring villages, the Cetniks of Mihailovic's
commander Rajko Celonja killed 160 peasants, and! burnt Vrajinci
and some other villages. Among the killed were women and children;

In January 1943, Mihailovic's Cetniks in the Banja village near
Arandelovac, killed the Orthodox priest Isakovic, and 18 other Par-
tisan supporters;

In January 1943, Major Cvetic massacred 16 captured Par-
tisans near U2ice;

H January 1943, in the Posavski District, Mihailovid's Cetniks
under the command of Komar£evi(5, slaughtered 72 Partisan sym-
pathizers;

In January 1943, in the Bij-elo Polje District, Pavle Durisic's
Cetniks killed about 400 men and about 1.000 women and children of
the Mahommedan faith;

In February 1943, in the Plevlje, CajniCe and Foca Districts,
the Cetnifcs, under the command of Zaharija Ostojic, Petar Badovic,
Pavle £)uri§i<5, Voja LukaCevid, Vuk Kalaitovid and others, massacred

522

1.200 men and 8.000 women, children and old people, looted and
afterwards burnt about 2,000 houses;

In the middle of July 1943, in the village of Cikota (Eastern
Bosnia) the Cetniks discovered 80 wounded of the First Proletarian
Division, took away their arms, and the next day called the Germans,
who killed and afterwards burnt them;

In the course of the Fifth Enemy Offensive, in June 1943,
the Cetniks massacred the wounded Partisans from Sutjeska*, and then
butchered Dr. Simo Milosevic and the Croat poet, Ivan Goran Kovacic
in the Jeleca and Vrbnica villages;

In July 1943, at Bisina (Birac) the Cetniks discovered 120
wounded of the First and Second Proletarian brigade, and handed
them over to the Germans, who killed them;

In December 1943, at Kolasin, the Cetnik commander, Major
Petricevic, shot 28 captured Partisans and 6 peasants — Partisan
supporters;

In December 1943, the Cetnik commander, 2ivan Lazovic, mas-
sacred 15 peasants — Partisan supporters in the village of Selevac;

In December 1943, near Bosansko Grahovo, the Cetnifcs mas-
sacred 137 captured Partisans; '

In December 1943, in the village of Ticevo, near Drvar, the
Cetniks massacred 28 captured Partisans;

In December 1943, atZeta (Montenegro), the Cetniks massacred
8 peasants — delegates to the First Anti-fascist Assembly of
Montenegro;

In December 1943, in the village of Kopljari, near Arande-
lovac, Nikola Kalabic's Cetniks massacred 24 peasants;

In December 1943, an the Sjenica District, Vuk Kalaitovic\s
Cetniks shot 18 Partisan supporters;

In December 1943, in the village of Vranic near Belgrade,
under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Miodrag Palosevic and
Major Sveta Trifkovic, the Cetniks massacred 72 persons, among whom
were 2 children, one of 2 years of age land the oWier of 3 months.
One of the victims was castrated. In addition to this they pillaged
the peasant's houses;

From June 1942, to March 1943, Mihailovte's Cetniks, under
the command of Pavle Durisic sentenced to death and shot about
1.000 Montenegrin Partisans and peasants, because they had taken
part in the liberation uprising an Montenegro;

On April1 29, 1944, in the village of Drugovac (county of Bel-
grade), the Cetniik detachments of Captain 2ivojin Lazovda, Major
Svetislav Trifkovic, Nikola Kalabic, Dragutin Bojovid, Sveta Bogi-

523

cevic, Radovan Dokmanovic and Sveta Radicevic massacred 73 per-
sons among whom were 9 women. On this occasion 37 further persons
were gravely maltreated, and 220 houses were pillaged and after-
wards burnt;

In April 1944, near Bajina Basta, the Cetniks slaughtered S
Partisan sympathizers;

In May 1944, at Jastrebac, Dragutin Keserovic's Cetnibs disco-
vered a Partisan hospital and shot 24 wounded and 4 nurses;

In May 1944, in Semberija, the Motajica Cetniks -discovered
Partisan hospitals, and killed about 300 severely wounded;

In the summer of 1944, in the village of Balinovic, the Cetniks,
in front of 20 people, roasted alive the peasant 2ivan Durdevic, from
Balinovic, and afterwards killed him and his son;

At the beginning of August 1944, Dusao Radovic-Kondor, com-
mander of Mihailovi^s Zlatibor corps, butchered 2 American, pilots
of French origin, who had executed a forced parachute landing near
the Urn river;

In August 1944, in the village of Selci in Serbia, Sveta Bogi-.
cevic's Cetnik detachment captured Sava Sremcevic, Konstantin Voji-
novic, Ilija Radojevic and Ilija Jovaoovic, and after having tortured
them in order to obtain a confession regarding their collaboration
with the Partisans, butchered all four.

In addition to this, tens of thousands of people were tortured
and flogged by) the Cetniks,, and in Montenegro they introduced a
special flogging system with the »Roga«lj« (the victim's neck is pinned
to the ground by a forked branch).

The accused Mihailovid's commanders submitted lists of the
Partisan supporters to the invader and quislings, on the basis of which
lists these people were arrested and shot. The Belgrade Cetnik orga-
nization specially collaborated closely with the Special Police for the
.annihilation of the Partisan supporters in Belgrade.

The crimes here enumerated are only a fraction of the crimes
that the accused Mihailovi(51s Cetniks commited in all parts of Yugo-
slavia, in compliance with his orders and directions.

THE ACCUSED STEVAN MOLJEVIC, MLADEN 2UJOVIC, 2IVKO

TOPALOVIC AND DURO VILOVIC
are guilty because:

during the war and the occupation, in collaboration with the
accused Mihadlovid and in accordance with the instructions of the
emigrant governments, they directed the traitorous »Ravna Gora Mo-

524

vement«, were members of the so-called Central National Committee
(CNK) and organized on the territory which was under Cetnik con-
trol, with the consent of the invader, the Ravna Gora provincial, county,
district and local organizations whose fundamental task was the
suppression of the Liberation Movement and the maintenance of the
occupation, with the assistance of which organizations they persecuted
and denounced antifascists to the Cetnik bands and the invader, orga-
nized emergency tribunals and killed patriots, carried out forcible
mobilization and requisitioning for the Cetniks, and spread traitorous
propaganda among the people;

After the magnificent victories of the Army of National Liber-
ation and especially after the historical decisions passed at the Se-
cond Session of the Antifascist Council of National Liberation
(AVNOJ), they organized, in January 1944, in the village of Ba,
a congress of so-called Ravna Cora supporters and reactionary ele-
ments representing former political parties and groups, whom they
elected into their Ravna Gora Central National Committee, all this
with a view to giving political support to the traitor Mihailovic, and
through him to the entire occupation system, as well as to the crush-
ing of the people's authority;

Thus:

1. The accused Stevan Moljevic as member of the Executive
Committee of the Central National Committee from the beginning of
1942 up to the Ba congress and from that time up to the dissolution
of the Cetnik organization, in his capacity as president of the Exe-
cutive Committee of the Central National Committee, directed the
Cetnik organizations in collaboration with the accused Mihailovic. He
was the originator of decisions of a political nature and elaborated
instructions for the organization of the treacherous Ravna Gora Com-
mittees;

He received telegrams and reports from the Cetnik organiza-
tions and officials on the basis of which he issued definite instructions
to subordinate organizations for their traitorous activities;

He edited the central Cetnik paper »Ravna Gora«, wrote arti-
cles for the Cetnik papers »Ravna Gora« and »Ujedinjeno Srpstvo«c;
he wrote proclamations, delivered speeches, organized and held con-
ferences of editors of local Cetnik papers and in general organized
Cetnik propaganda, with the object of leading the people's masses
into the path of treason;

He issued instructions for the reorganization and work of
Cetnik emergency tribunals, and thus declared his solidarity with the

525

murders which the Cetniks perpetrated against the people with only
a semblance of a trial;

2. The accused Mladen lujovic, as member of the Executive
Committee of the Central National Committee, from the summer of
1941, up to his flight from the country in the autumn of 1943, in
collaboration with the accused Moljevic and Mihailovic directed the
so-called Ravnia Gora Movement;

In May, 1943, as delegate of the accused Mihailovic's Supreme
Command, he commanded all Cetnik units and Cetnik organizations
in Dalmatia, Western Bosnia and Lika, succeeding, in this function,
the most avowed collaborationist, Ilija Trifunovic-Bircanin. As dele-
gate of the Cetnik Supreme Command, the accused 2ujovic carried on
the closest military and political collaboration with the Italians, had
meetings with the Italian general Spigo, with whom he concluded an
agreement, according to which the Italians were to supply the Cet-
niks with arms and ammunition, and the Italian and Cetnik units were
to undertake common operations against the Army of National Li-
beration — thus these operations were carried out together and nu-
merous crimes were committed, during this period, against the
people;

At the of 1944, together with the accused Topalovid, and
in accordance with an order of the accused Mihailovic, he organized
the Central National Committee (CNK) abroad in order to rally
fugitive Cetnik, Nedii — Ljotid and Usta§a bands, to bring them in
touch with similar emigrant bands abroad, and with the assistance of
certain reactionary elements abroad, to threaten the external security
of the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia and its internal
order;

3. The accused tivko Topatovid, in occupied Belgrade, in agree-
ment with the Gestapo agent and president of the Commiss-'ar5al
Administration in Serbia, Milan Admovic, organized a series of meet-
ings with members of the leadership of former political parties, at
with Aleksandar Popovi<5 aod Branko Ivkovid, met the -accused Miha-
ilovii and to collaborate with him, in order to strengthen his position;

Following on these decisions, the accused Topalovic, together
with Aletosandar Popovid and Branko Ivkovic, met the accused Miha-
ilovid in December 1943, took part at the Ba congress, drafted the
project of the Ba resolution, and became a member of the Executive
Committee of the Central National Committee, thus -becoming a
member of the supreme body of the traitorous Cetnik organization;

In April 1944, in the village of TrbuSani, he met the councillor
of the administrative staff of the German commander for Serbia,

526

Starker and Milan Aci>movic. At this meeting it was decided thut
the Germans should -supply the Cetniks with arms and ammunition
and fight with them against the Army of National Liberation;

At the end of 1944, together with the accused 2ujovic, he orga-
nized abroad the so-called Central National Committee, with the
object set forth in part 11\I2 of this exposition;

4. The .accused Buro Vilovic, in the autumn of 1942, joined the
Cetnik organization in Split, although he knew, and saw for himself
that/ the Cetniks were collaborating with the Italians, and that they
were fighting together against the Movement of National Liberation.
In June 1944 he became a member of the Central National Committee
in whose criminal activity he took part, as president of the pro-
paganda committee;

He wrote articles in Cetnik papers, and shamelessly attacked
the National Liberation Movement, calling the fighters of the Army
of National Liberation, Ustasa-Comunist bands, although he was con-
scious of the gravity of these calumnies and lies.

Ill

THE ACCUSED RADOSLAV-RADE RADIC, SLAVOLJUB
VRANJESEVIC AND ;MILOS GLISIC:

1) The accused Radoslav Rade Radic was a member of the
Fourth Krajina Partisan detachment at the time when that
detachment was fighting against the Ustasas in the Teslic Sector, and,
together with part of the command which had been left behind
at Jo-savka to collect food, he organized, according to a premedi-
tated plan, a group of about 100 Cetniks sympathizers. This group,
in the night between March 31 and April 1, 1942, cruelly attacked
the remaining command and the hospital at Josavka, and murdered
15 Partisan fighters and leaders, among whom was the National
Hero, Dr, Mladen Stojanovic;

As the commander of the Cetnik group and later of the Cetnik
detachment "Boje", he organized and directed the attacks on the
Partisan hospital at Borje, the Partisan hospital at Cemernica and
killed about 60 leaders of the National Liberation Movement on
the terrain;

On April 9, 1942, he concluded written agreements with the
Ustasa General Brozovic, and later, in the beginning of 1943, with
the German Command at Banja Luka, about the joint struggle
against the Partisans, with the object of crushing the revolt in
that region;

527

From June 25, 1942, as the commander of all the Cetnik
detachments in Western Bosnia, and in collaboration with the Ger-
mans and the Ustasas, lie fought against the National Liberation
Army, until September 1943, when he was appointed member of
the Central Committee by the accused Mihailovic. For this criminal
work, the accused Radic, at the proposal of the accused Mihailovic,
was promoted to the rank of officer, and awarded the Karadjordje
Star;

As a member of the Central National Committe he organized
the Ravna Cora Committees in West Bosnia and directed their
work.

2) The accused Slavoljub Vranjesevic, in October 1941 entered
the service of the traitor Milan Nedic as chief of section in the
Gendarmerie command, and in February 1942, with one detachment
of Nedic: troops, he went over to East Bosnia and there joined with
Jezdimir Dangic and the Germans in fighting against the Partisans;

As Chief of Staff of the Cetnik commanders Dangic and Botic
in East Bosnia, and from July 1942, as Chief of Staff of the
Cetnik commander of West Bosnia — Rade Radic, and as commander
of the Cetnik detachment in West Bosnia from September 1943
on, he organized and directed jointly with the Germans and, the
Ustasas, operations against the National Liberation Army in the
surroundings of Banja Luka. At Manja£a, in the course of the Fourth
Enemy Offensive, he prevented the Partisans from crossing the
Vrbas river, and during the Fifth Enemy Offensive he fought
against the Partisans together with the Germans, on the following
front; Divan— Kurj ace Brdo— Skakavica — 'Ravna Gora;

Acting on the orders of the accused Mihailovic, he. organized
the »Blak Threes* and the flying brigades, whose task was to
capture and liquidate the Partisans and their sympathizers;

After ithe liberation of the greater part of Yugoslavia, and
according to written and oral orders from the accused Mihailovic,
he commanded the Cetnik ''Fives" and issued orders to them to
carry out sabotage on the liberated territory, to attack communi-
cations, to kill Partisan couriers as well as the fighters of the
Yugoslav Army and the members of the people's committees, and
he continued this criminal work after the liberation of Yugoslavia,
until he was caught.

3) The accused MiloS Glisic, in July 1941, entered the orga-
nization of the accused Mihailovid and took an important part in
,it and, as Chief of Staff of the Cetnik Pozega detachment, jointly
with Vufiko Ignjatovic, who was the commander of this detachment,

528

organized and directed the attack of the Cetnik units in September
1941, at Uzi'cka Pozega, which was held by the Partisans, and
on the night of November 1st— 2nd, 1942, acting on the orders
of the accused Mihailovic, together with Vucko Ignjatovic, he attcked
Uzice which also was held by the Partisans, although there existed a
written agreement between the Partisans and the Cetniks regarding
the joint struggle against the invader;

At the end of November 1941, after the witdrawal of the
bulk of the Partisan forces from Serbia to Sandzak, acting upon
the orders of the accused Mihailovic, together with the commander
of the Pozega Cetnik detachment, Vucko Ignjatovic, he "legalized"
himself and his whole detachment, remaining at the same time
under the real command of the accused Mihailovic, and as such, in
the capacity of Chief of Staff of the so-called command of the
Pozega Cetnik Detachment of the Serbian Armed Forces, partici-
pated in numerous operations in collaboration with the Germans
and Nedic troops, which aimed at the expulsion of the Partisan
forces from Serbia, and the annihilation of the remnant of the
Partisan forces and their sympathizers in Serbia;

At the end of IVLairch 1942, on the orders of the accused
Mihailovic, in the capacity of commander of the Cetnik Corps, he
carried the organization and preparation for the Third Enemy
Offensive in Sandzak in* which he took part as comander of all the
Cetnik forces, in cooperation with the Italians, from the middle of
May till the beginning of June 1942.

THE ACCUSED SLOBODAN JOVANOVIC, B02IDAR PURlC, MOM-

CILO NINCIC, PETAR 2IVKOVIC, RADOJE KNE2EVIC, 2IVAN

KNE2EVIC AND KONSTANTIN FOTIC

continuing the policy of the profascist dictatorships in
old Yugoslavia, after having concluded the shameful capitulation and
having escaped from the country, stubbornly and constantly carried
out a 'policy of supporting the occupation and suppressing the National
Liberation uprising in the country, and to this end issued instructions
that the time for the struggle had not yet come. They gave constant
political support to the traitor Mihailovic and were in contact with
Milan Nedic and other quisling elements in the country;

With the same aim, they instigated, through the BBC, a
fratricidal war among the peoples of Yugoslavia, and issued orders
to the accused Mihailovic to form Courts Martial and to apply the

529

Law concerning the Protection of the State, and thus they .instigated
the^Cetnik and the quisling bands in the country to commit crimes
against the people, for which they are consequently fully
responsible;

They supported with money from the State Treasury the
accused Mihailovic and his Cetniks, sending them cash and supplying
the Cetnik formations;

They carried out propaganda in favour of the accused Mihai-
lovic and his Cetniks, by means of radio stations and written pro-
paganda abroad, presenting the accused Mihailovic to the world in
a false light, namely as the leader of resistance to the enemy in
the country, and thus deceiving the world about what was gding
on in Yugoslavia, and induced many people in the country to take
the path of treason;

By helping the accused Mihailovic and his Cetniks in their
struggle against the National Liberation Army, and by establishing
contact with Milan Nedid and other quisling elements in the country,
they undermined and weakened the struggle of Yugoslavia and her
Allies against the fascist aggressors; and thus:

1) Slobodan Jovanovtf and Bozidar Puric, as prime ministers
of the emigrant governments, Momcilo Nincic and Milan Gavri-
lovic as ministers, Peter Zivkovtf, as minister and deputy commander
in chief and acting minister of war, and Radoje Knezevic, as minister
of the court:

a) in January 1942 appointed Drazia Mihailovic minister of
war, although they knew that he and his Cetniks joined the invader
in fighting the Partisans, while in July of the same year, they
appodnted him chief of staff of the Supreme Command, and sent
instructions to him not to begin the struggle against the invader
until the capitulation of Germany,, or until considerable Allied forces
should land in Yugoslavia, while on the other hand they approved
of, instigated, and assisted politically the accused Mihailovid in his
struggle against the National Liberation forces in Yugoslavia;

b) they promoted, decorated, and praised the Cetnik com-
manders who, under the command of the accused Mihailovic,
especially distinguished themselves in collaborating with the invader
and in fighting against the Partisans — • for example, Hi] a Trifu-
novid-Bir£anin, Dobrosav Jevdjevid, Petar Badovic, Vojislav Luka-
Cevii, Dragutin Keserovid, Radosav Radid, Nikola Kalabic, Pavle
DuriSid, Bajo StaniSic, Momcilo Durid, Jezdimdr Dangic and many
others — while on the other hand they degraded officers who
remained faithful to their people and joined the ranks of the Libe-

530

ration Army and fought against the invader — for example, Savo
Orovic, Arso Jovanovic, Velimir Terzic, Petar Cvetkovic, Branko
Poljanac, Ratko Martinovic and many others — they arrested and
persecuted officers .abroad who approved of the Liberation Struggle
and wished to return to their Fatherland to fight against the invader;

c) they supplied the accused Mihailovic with arms, ammunition,
clothing and other watf equipment, and large sums of money out
of the State Treasury, authorizing him to use them for the supprevS-
sion of the national uprising;

•d) they wasted State money by organizing broadcasts
through foreign radio stations, they issued material for propaganda
abroad and infiltrated dt into the country, they bribed the reaction-
ary press, with the object of showing the accused Mihailovic in a
false light to the world, as the leader of the struggle against the
invader, they instigated the fratricidal war and weakened the
power of resistance of our peoples in their struggle against the
invader;

e) although they knew perfectly well that the Cetniks of
Draza Mihailovic massacred people,, they condoned the Cetnik
crimes and atrocities, and broadcast the letter "Z", under which
citizens of Yugoslavia were to be placed.

2) the accused tivan Knezevic:

a. as chief of the military chancellery of the emigrant govern-
ment of the accused Slobodan Jovanovic, he really performed the
duties of war minister in the emigrant government and in that capa-
city he inspired the decisions of the government, mentioned under
paragraph 1, and carried them out, showing in this matter very great
initiative/ and activity;

b. from this position he was appointed 'military attach^ in the
USA where, in cooperation with the ambassador of the Yugoslav
emigrant government, the accused Konstantin Fotic, and following
instructions received from the Yugoslav emigrant government, he
organized a great campaign on behalf of the accused Mihailovid and
his Cetnik organization, endeavouring by every means to prevent the
public from knowing that the accused Mihailovic collaborated with
the invader and even to persuade it, by false and slanderous reports
which he got from the etoigrant government and the accused Miha-
ilovic, or forged himself, that the National Liberation Movement in
Yugoslavia was not a liberation movement at all, and that it was not
carrying on the .struggle against the invader, tout only fighting against
the accused Mihailovic and Ms organization, and, allegedly, obstruct-
ing him in his struggle against the invader;

531

3. The accused Konstantin Fotic, in April 1941, agreed to the
partition of Yugoslavia carried out by the invader, and through the
newspaper »Snbobran«, which is issued in the United States, organized
a campaign for the creation of Greater Serbia, a chauvinistic campaign
against the whole Croat people, accusing1 them of the, Ustasa mas-
sacres of the Serbian population, and a campaign against the National
Liberation Struggle of our peoples which was being conducted by
the National Liberation Army and the Partisan Detachments, which
in his press campaign he called a band of international criminals and
gangsters. Through the reactionary journalists, Ray Brook, Malcolm,
and others, he spread false news abo'ut events in Yugoslavia among
the foreign press and at public meetings in USA he falsely represented
the accused Mihailovic as a fighter against the invader, using for that
purpose the Gestapo spy, Ruth Mitchel, whom he presented as an
officer in the service of the accused Mihailovic. Through a foreign
radio station he organized a broadcast in our language, inciting the
Serbs against the Croats, and calling on the whole Serbian people to
fight against the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detach-
ments. He spread false news through radio station-si and the press,
both in the country and abroad, and also, through a part of the emi-
grant press among the emigrants abroad. This false news, which he
got from the Yugoslav emigrant government and the accused Mihai-
lovid, dealt with the latter's alleged struggle against the invader. Thus,
although he was an official representative of Yugoslavia, he worked
for the disintegration of Yugoslavia and the instigation of fratricidal
war and chauvinist hatred in the country, in this way helping the accu-
sed Mihailovid and his Cetnik organization, who collaborated with the
invader and helped him in his attempts to suppress the National Liber-
ation Struggle of the peoples of Yugoslavia.

THE ACCUSED DRAGOMIR-DRAGI JOVANOVIC, TANASIJE DINIC,
VEL1BOR JONIC, DURA DORIC, KOSTA MUSICKI AND

BOSKO PAVLOVIC

continuing their former anti-national activity, immediately after
the occupation of the country! they put themselves openly in the serv-
ice of the German invader, and by his orders they organized the state
administration in Serbia, at the head of which stood the government
of Milan Nedd<5; and this state administration carried out the decisions
of the German invader, the accused showing great initiative and
activity in this work;

84*

532

With the help of the invader they organized the Special Police,
which, within the framework of the German Gestapo, introduced a
reign of terror over the Serbian people; they also organized, with; the
help of the invader, the military formations of the Serbian State Guard,
the Serbian Volunteer Corps, and the Serbian Frontier Guard, into
which they forcibly mobilized and recruited our citizens, and with
which they carried on jointly with the invader, an armed struggle
against the units of the Army of National Liberation, receiving from
the Germans arms, and carrying out their orders;

As faithful servants of fascism and reaction, with the help of the
above mentioned military; and police formations and state administra-
tive apparatus, throughout the war they committed mass murders
among the population, organized concentration camps to which they
sent tens of thousands of men, women and children, whom they expo-
sed to brutal tortures and -extermination; they sent tens of thousands
of men to forced labour in the country and in Germany; they orga-
nized and executed plunder of national and state property; insured the
working of mines, industrial enterprises, transport and other public
services primarily in the interests of the war needs of the Germans;
they terrorized the Serbian youth and tried to educate it in the spirit
of subservience to the invaders; by all means at ther disposal they
spread treacherous nazi propaganda with which they deceived the
people and ^maintained the occupation — all this with the object of
suppressing the Movement of National Liberation, of turning the
country to fascism and making Serbia a part of Hitler's »new Euro-
pean order«;

Thus: '

1) The accused Dragomir Jovanovic:

immediately after the occupation put himself at the disposal of
the German occupation authorities and, as a person trusted by the
Gestapo, with which he formerly had relations, was appointed extra-
ordinary commissar of the Belgrade Prefecture, Prefect of the Bel-
grade Po«lice and Mayor of Belgrade at the proposal of the Germans,
and in November 1941, at the request of General Meisner he
was appointed Chief of the Serbian State Security Department and
finally, in the 'summer of 1944, Commissar for the city of Belgrade and
VraCar, Grocka and Posavina districts, with extraordinary powers for
the suppression of the national uprising in these territories;

Continuing the well-known system of the Belgrade GlavnjaCa,
assassinations, tortures and the persecution of the best sons of the
people, which the regime in old Yugoslavia had been practising for
twenty years, the accused Dragomir Jovanovic, serving the

533

German invader faithfully against his own people during the war and
occupation, among a series of crimes, committed the following;

Me reorganized and put at the disposal of the invader the police
spy system of the notorious Belgrade Prefecture; he organized the
Special Police with the notorious agents Paranos, Becarevic, Kosrna-'
jac, Grujicic and others; as Chief of the Serbian State Security Depart-
ment he controlled the above mentioned police apparatus and gave
instructions and orders to the Serbian State Guard, Serbian Frontier
Guard, county and district commissionerships and police prefectures
in towns; the whole police and administrative apparatus, under his
command and according to orders from the Gestapo, throughout the
war and occupation, in Belgrade and the interior of Serbia,, executed
mass arrests, and was responsible for the beating and shooting of
patriots, and other crimes; together with the Gestapo and by order
of the Nedic government he organized the Banjica concentration camp
in Belgrade, where thousands of men were tortured and shot with his
approval; by Belgrade Prefecture Order Ns 9991 of September 23,
1943, instituted a Court martial in the Belgrade police area which
sentenced to death a large number of people; ordered that for each
gendarme or police agent killed, men shcmld be shot as a reprisal;
as Chief of the Serbian State Security Department he issued an order
that every inhabitant of Belgrade who knew of or sheltered a person
who was taking part in the liberation struggle, and failed to report
such a person, would be shot. He organized the system of forced
labour in Serbia and the sending of workers to Germany; as early as
1941, he had begun to cooperate with the Cetnifcs, and in 1944 he met
personally the accused Mihailovid and sent arms, ammunition, money
etc. to the Cetnik organization.

2) The accused Tanasije Dini£:

in April 1941, as regimental commander, he disarmed his regi-
ment and surrendered it to the Germans, and then, continuing a colla-
boration that he had begun with the Gestapo before the war, imme-
diately after his return to Belgrade he put himself at the disposal of
the Gestapo chief, Kraus; when at the end of April 1941, Milan Aci-
movid formed the commissar government, he was appointed deputy
commissar for the interior and as such — as a person in whom the
Germans had full confidence, and by their order — he organized an
enquiry into the events of March 27, 1941, and communicated the
results of the enquiry, which were a state secret, to the Germans;

During his office of deputy commissar of the interior, he con-
trolled the police system jointly with Acimovic and, acting on the

534

orders of these two., the police took hostages in various places in Ser-
bia and handed them over to the Germans, who 6hoi them, — • at
Cacak, Valjevo, Sabac, U2ice and other places;

Besides his post as deputy commissar of the interior, he was
also commissar for appointments and approved the no'mination of
commissars in all branches of the state administration, (and dismissed
civil servants from the state service, without right of redress, and he
held this position until his flight from the country. During this period
he dismissed from the state service 10.000 civil servants who 'Sympa-
thized with the liberation movement, and their dismissal automatically
brought with it imprisonment in a concentration camp;

From October 1942, till November 1943, as minister of the inte-
rior in Nedic's government, he was at the head of the administrative
system in Serbia, through which he committed crimes against the
people; and from then up to the liberation of the country, as minister
of social welfare, he did all he could to strengthen the position of the
invader in the country and suppress the national uprising;

in various towns in Serbia he made speeches inciting people to
fight against the Movement of National Liberation, and in the news-
paper »Novo Vreme« he wrote articles in the same spirit and praised
national socialism. ,

3) The accused Velibor Jonic.

immediately after the capitulation of Yugoslavia he entered the
service of the German invader, and on July 10, 1941, was appointed
commissar of education in Nedic's government, and at the end of 1941,
was appointed minister of education, keeping this post until the flight
of the {Nedic government from the country; as commissar of education
and later minister of education he was the direct organizer and leader
of the policy of the introduction of fascism into schools and cultural
institutions, persecuted and dismissed from their posts progressive
and anti-fascist teachers and expelled pupils; ordered the division of
pupils in secondary and technical schools into A, B and C categories,
the B category including »nationally unreliable^ pupils who were
expelled from school without the right to take examinations or con-
tinue their schooling, after which they were arrested and sent to a
camp; by his order the system of spying and delation was introduced
into the schools and both teachers and pupils were obliged to carry
it -out;

On his initiative a decree was adopted introducing a police
regime into the university, while short term courses were organized
for members of the Serbian State Guard and Serbian Volunteer Corps,
in order to "bring the greatest possible number of students into these
treacherous formations;

535

He organized the youth camp at Smederevska Palanka, calling
it the Institute for the compulsory education of youth, and young men,
considered as ^incorrigible*, were handed over, by his orders, to the
special police, while a certain number were drafted into the Serbian
State Guard, Serbian Volunteer Corps and the Cetniks <of the accused
Mihailovid;

As a well-known sympathizer of fascism, he maintained through-
out the occupation the closest contact with leading German persona-
lities, such as Be-nzler, Neubacher, Turner, Feme and others, and as o>ne
of Nedid's closest collaborators he constamtly proposed stricter meas-
ures against those who were considered unreliable by Nedid's govern-
ment, and actively participated in the publication of the shameful
^Appeal to the Serbian People*, issued on August 13, 1941;

With the help of the Germans, he organized the »anti-com-
munist exhibition* .at Kolarac Popular University and »anti-comimunist
courses* which were directed against the Movement of National Libe-
ration, and in various towns in Serbia held a series of speeches and
lectures which were published in the daily press.

In addition to this, he published in Nedid's1 newspapers »Novo
Vreme* (New Time) and »Srpski Narod« (The Serbian People) about
a hundred articles in which he glorified national socialism,, and under
the slogan >order and peace« called upon the people to show servile
obedience to the invader;

He participated in the drawing up of the plan for the creation
of Greater Serbia, and in doing so worked for the disintegration of
Yugoslavia and the disunion of her peoples;

Before the flight of Nedid's government from Serbia, he was
appointed Ncdid's deputy for the coordination of work, and in this
capacity, and authorized by Ned-id, he organized a meeting which was
attended, besides himself, by Kosta MuSicki, General Radovanovic of
Nedid's army, Bedarevid, the Chief of a Department of the Special
Police, General Jonid of Nedid's army, Ivan Pavlovid i(Doka), com-
mander of DraXa Mihailovid Cetniks and Sasa Mihailovic, at which
the following agreement was concluded: that all Nedic and Cetnik
units an Belgrade should unite and place themselves under a single
command and, after the withdrawal of the Germans from Belgrade,
they should stage the »taking« of Belgrade,

4) The accused Dura Dokic:

as army general of the former Yugoslav Army, repudiating
his oath of allegiance to his Fatherland and the glorious traditions of
the ancient Serbian Army, became minister of transport in Nedid's
government, and throughout the occupation, under the instructions

536

and orders of the German invader, directed the establishing,
maintaining and securing of transport, which was of exceedingly
great importance for the German war effort;

Towards the end of 1941, and the beginning of 1942, he ordered
that an investigation should be carried out concerning the transport
personnel who* had been working on the territory of West Serbia
when it was liberated by the Partisans, and as a result of this investi-
gation, discharged several hundred officials, a large number of whom
were sent to concentration camps; in addition to this he dismissed
from service transport officials who were sympathizers of the National
Liberation Movement, although he 'knew that the dismissed officials
would be sent to concentration camps.

He wrote articles and delivered speeches in which he urged
submission to the invader and incited the people to commit crimes.

5) The accused Kosta Muslcki:

in September 1941, he was appointed commander of the »Ser-
bian Volunteers Corps« and formed from the Ljotic and other fascist
elements 10 detachments with which he engaged in joint operations
with the Germans against the Partisan detachments in Serbia. One of
these detachments, under the command of Marisav Petrovic, acted
with the Germans in the shooting of about 7.000 men at Kragujevac,
in October 1941;

Towards the end of November 1941, as commander of the so-
called United Serbian Forces, he took part in a German punitive expe-
dition on the liberated territory in West Serbia, and after his arrival
at Cacak carried, together with the Germans, atrests and 'shooting of
the citizens;

In December 1942, when the »Serbian Volunteers Command*
was re-organized as the ^Serbian Volunteers Corps«, as commander of
this corps, supplied with arms and war equipment by the Germans and
directly under the German 'Military Commander of Serbia, he led
actions against Partisan detachments in Serbia, Sandzak and Monte*
negro, and he carried out the blockading of villages, investigations
of the area, mass arrests, deportation of the people to the concentra-
tion camps, forcible mobilization, murders, plunders and other crimes;

In collaboration with the Germans, he took part in operations
against the Army of National Liberation and the Red Army, in the
battle for the liberation of Belgrade, and in April and May 1945, he
joined with the Germans and the Cetniks of the accused Mihailovid in
actions against the Yugoslav Army in the battles for the liberation of
Slovenia and the Slovene Littoral;

537

In the Slovene Littoral, with the aid of Ljotic and the Gestapo,
he organized espionage-terrorist groups called Commandos, who had
been sent by German planes and by other means to the liberated
regions of the country, with the object of carrying -out espionage,
diversionary and terrorist acts, which they did.

6) The accused Bosko Pay/owe:

as a high police official of former Yugoslavia, 'after the occupa-
tion he entered the service of the Germans as chief of the Department
of the Police Armed Forces in the Commissariat of the Interior, with
the post of deputy commissar, and in that capacity established the
police apparatus in Serbia;

In October 1941, at Kragujevac, in collaboration with the Ger-
mans, he took part in the arresting and imprisoning of 7000 citizens
of Kragujevac, whom the Germans shot;

From November 1941, until the beginning of 1944, he was
Deputy Commander of the Serbian State Guards, which throughout
the war fought side by side with the Germans against the Partisans,
and committed countless crimes against the people and as such, he is
jointly responsible for the crimes committed by them;

From July 1944, until the flight -of Nedic's government, he was
state secretary in the cabinet of Milan Nedic and in this post, fol-
lowing on the agreement concluded between Nedic and the accused
Mihailovid, he organized the delivery of 10.000 rifles and large quan-
tities of other war^material, supplied by the Germans, to the Cetniks.

VI
THE ACCUSED LAZAR MARKOVIC AND KOSTA KUMANUDI:

in August 1941, in Belgrade, they attended the 'conference orga-
nized by the Gestapo through Milan Adimovid, from which wasi issued
under their signature and that of many others the »Appeal to the Ser-
bian People« published on August 13, 1941. In this »Appeal« they
urged upon the Serbian People submission to the invader and the
merciless annihilation of everybody who resisted him, and thus they
incited the people to commit crimes against those who rose in their
masses against the invader; *

Towards the end of August 1941, they attended a conference,
also organized by the Gestapo through Milan Adimovid, at which Milan
Nedid was chosen as president of the government and his nomination
submitted to the Germans, and thus they helped the invader in estab-
lishing the quisling administration in Serbia, in this way supporting
the occupation.

538

The accused Lazar Markovic, in addition to this:

during the occupation wrote the pamphlet »The Croats and
Their Behavio>ur«, in which he attacked the Croat people with criminal
determination, throwing upon them the whole responsibility for the
horrible crimes committed by P-aveHd's Ustasas against the Serbs —
that is, he wrote a pa'mphlet whose object was to sow hatred between
the Serbian and the Croat people;

During the occupation he wrote the pamphlet »New and Old«
in which he slandered the National Liberation Mlovement, calling it the
>Usta§a-Croat Movement, led by the Bolshevik Partisan Firm«, i e.,
he wrote a pamphlet with the aim of destroying the unity of the
Serbian and Croat peoples in the struggle against the invader;

At the beginning of September, 1944, on the eve of the final
liberation of Belgrade, he formed, with his own sympathizers and
followers of the accused MiihatiJovic, »the Belgrade representative
committee« with the object of helping, during the withdrawal of the
Germans from Belgrade, the accused Mihailovic and his Cetnik bands
to enter Belgnade and to stage the liberation of the capital; and with
that end in view he wrote a ^memorandum* which was to be sent
to the Allies; after the liberation, persevering in his antinational work
he wrote a ^Declaration of united Serbian Parties« in which he slan-
dered the people's authority, demanded demobilization of the army
and protection for the traitors in emigration, and all with the pur-
pose of undermining the people's authority and the defensive capa-
city of the State.

By the above mentioned actions the accused: Mihailovic, Molje-
vic, 2ujovic, Topadovic, Vilovic, Radic, Vranjesevic, Glisi^, Slobodan
Jovanovic, Puric, Nincic, 2ivkovic, Radoje Knezevic, Gavrilovic, 2ivian
Knezevic, Fotic, Dragomir Jovanovic, Dinic, Jonic, Dokic, Musicki
and Pavlovic have committed criminal acts of treason and war crimes
as defined under article 3, items 3, 4 and 6 of the Law concerning
Criminal Acts against the People and the State, and the accused Mihai-
lovic, Vranjesevic and Musicki have also committed the criminal acts of
organizing armed bands with the purpose of the forcible overthrow of
the existing State order a>s defined under .article 3, item 7 of the .same
law; the accused Markovic and Kumanudi have coni'mitted criminal
acts of treason and war crimes under Article 3, items 3 and 6 of the
Law concerning Criminal Acts against the People and the State, and
the accused Markovic has also committed a criminal act defined in
Article 2 of the Law prohibiting the provocation of national, racial
and religious hatred and dissension.

539

For the acts enumerated aibove, and in accordance with the
mentioned prescriptions of the law and Article 4 of the Law concer-
ning Criminal Acts against the people and the State; and the accused
Kumanjudi on the basis of Article 6/'I of the .same law; of Article 5 of
the Law concerning Criminal Acts against the People and the State
in connection with Article 16 of the Law concerning Nationality of
the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia and Articles 1, 3, 5
and 6 of the Law concerning the Kinds of Punishment — the Court
sentences the accused as follows:

1. Dragoljub-Draza Mihailovic sentenced to be shot, with per-
manent loss of political and civic rights and confiscation of entire
property;

2. Stevan Moljevi<5 sentenced to 20 years imprisonment with
hard labour, with subsequent loss of political and civic rights, except
parental rights, for 10 years, and to confiscation of entire property.
The sentence of imprisonment with hard labour will run from Sep-
tember 3, 1945, when he was arrested;

3. Mladen tulovit sentenced to be shot, with permanent loss
of political and civic rights, confiscation of entire property and loss
of citizenship;

4. 2ivko Topalovii sentenced to 20 years imprisonment with
hard labour, with subsequent loss of political and civic rights for 10
years, confiscation of entire property and loss of citizenship. The
sentence of imprisonment with hard labour will run from the date
of his arrest;

5. Duro Vilovit sentenced to 7 years imprisonment with hard
labour, with subsequent loss of political and civic rights for 3 years
and confiscation of entire property. The sentence of imprisonment
with hard labour will run from September 3, 1945, when he was
arrested;

6. Radoslav-Rade Radid sentenced to be shot, with permanent
loss of political and civic rights, confiscation of entire property and
loss of citizenship;

7. Slavoljub VranjeSevid sentenced to 20 years imprisonment
with hard labour, subsequent loss of political an-di civic rights, except
parental rights, for 10 years, and confiscation of entire property. The
sentence of imprisonment with hard labour will run from September
20, 1945, when he was arested;

8. AHloS GUM sentenced to be shot, with permanent loss of
political and civic rights, and confiscation of entire property;

540

9. Slobodan Jovanovic sentenced to 20 years imprisonment
with hard labour, with subsequent loss of political and civic rights
for 10 years, confiscation of entire property and loss of citizenship.
The sentence of imprisonment with hard labour will run from the
date of his arrest;

10. Bozidar Puri£ sentenced to 16 years imprisonment with
hard labour, with subsequent loss of political and civic rights for 10
years, confiscation of entire property and loss of citizenship. The
sentence of imprisonment with hard labour will run from the date
of his arrest;

11. Momcilo Nincte sentenced to 8 years imprisonment with
hard labour, subsequent loss of political and civic rights for 5 years,
confiscation of entire property and loss of citizenship. The sentence
of imprisonment with hard labour will run from the date of his
arrest;

12. Petar Zivkovic sentenced to be shot, with permanent loss
of political and civic rights, confiscation of entire property and loss
of citizenship.

13. Radoje Knezevic sentencend to 10 years imprisonment with
hard labour, subsequent loss of political and civic rights for 5 years,
confiscation of entire property and loss of citizenship. The sentence
of imprisonment with hard labour will run from the date of his arrest;

14. Milan Gavrilovic sentenced to 15 years imprisonment with
hard labour, subsequent loss of political and civic rights for 8 years,
confiscation -of entire property and loss of citizenship. The sentence
of imprisonment with hard labour will run from the date of his arrest;

15. 2ivan Knezevic sentenced to 20 years imprisonment with
hard labour, subsequent loss of political and civic rights for 10 years,
confiscation of entire property and loss of citizenship. The sentence
of imprisonment with hard labour will run from the date of his arrest;

16. Konstantin Fotic sentenced to 20 years imprisonment with
hard labour, subsequent loss of political and civic rights for 10 years,
confiscation of entire property and loss of citizenship. The sentence
of imprisonment with hard labour will run from the -date of his arrest;

17. Dragomir-Dragi Jovanovid sentenced to be shot, with per-
manent loss of political and civic rights, and confiscation of entire
property;

18. Tanasije Dinic sentenced to be shot, with permanent loss
of political and civic rights, and confiscation of entire property;

19. Velibor Jonic sentenced to be shot , with permanent loss
of political and civic rights, and confiscation of entire property;

541

20. Duro Doki£ sentenced to be shot, with permanent loss of
political and civic rights, and confiscation of entire propetry;

21. Kosta MuSicki sentenced to be shot, with permanent loss
of political and civic rights, and confiscation of entire property;

22. Bo§ko Pavlovie sentenced to be shot, with permanent loss
of political and civic rights, and confiscation of entire property;

23. Lazar-Laza Markovi<5 sentenced to 6 years of imprison-
ment with hard labour, with subsequent loss of political and civic
rights, except parental rights, for 3 years, and confiscation of entire

During the reading of the verdict (from left to right): Dragoljub-Draza Mihailovic, Stevan

MoTjevi6, Dura Vilovi<5, Radoslav-Rade Radie, Slavoljub Vranjesevic, Milos Glisic,

Dragomir-Dracji Jovanovi<£, Tanasije-Tasa Dinic, Velibor Jonic, Dura Dokic, Kosta

MuSicki, BoSko Pavlovid, Lazar-Laza Markovi<5 and Kosta Kumanudi.

property. The sentence of imprisonment with hard labour will run
from September 2, 1945, when he was arrested;

24, Kosta Kumanudi sentenced to 18 months of imprisonment
with hard labour, with subsequent loss of political aod civic rights,
except parental nights for 2 years, and confiscation of entire pro-
perty. The sentence of imprisonment with hard labour will run from
March 3, 1946, when he was arrested.

JUSTIFICATION OF THE VERDICT

After reading the verdict, President of the Court, Dordevic,
ith$ following oral justification.

542

On April 6, 1941, the German and Italian conquerors, with their
satellites Bulgaria and Hungary, attacked Yugoslavia, treacherously
and suddenly. Because of the treason and cowardice of the military
and civil authorities at that time, the fascist conquerors succeeded in
occupying Yugoslavia in less than ten days, and almost without meet-
ing with any resistance. The peoples of Yugoslavia were then faced
with the alternative: either to1 reconcile themselves to slavery and
gradual annihilation, or to seek 'salvation and liberty in an armed
struggle.

Led by their best sons, the peoples of Yugoslavia resolved to
enter into armed struggle for their salvation and liberation from the
yoke of the fascist invaders, At the call of the Communist party of
Yugoslavia, which called all patriots, regardless of their political,
national and religious differences, to .armed struggle against the inva-
ders the people rose in all districts in the struggle for freedom. The
first to rise in arms were the people in Serbia and Montenegro, then
in Bosnia and Hercegovina, then in Dalimatia and other parts of
Croatia, and in Slovenia and Macedonia. In incessant struggles against
the incomparably stronger enemy, the Army of National Liberation
and the Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia were created, grew, and
gathered strength, dealing the invader heavier and heavier blows.
Instead of obedient slaves to be used for labour in the factories and
mines, and as cannon fodder at the fronts, the invaders found in the
peoples of Yugoslavia a bitter and resolute enemy against whom they
were forced to use tens of their own and satellite divisions, which they
would have otherwise used at the fronts against the Soviet Union,
Great Britain and the United States of America. The liberation
struggle of the peoples of Yugoslavia served as in example to all
peoples enslaved by the fascist conquerors, and spread the glory of
O'ur peoples throughout the whole world.

In the fight against the liberation uprising of the peoples of
Yugoslavia, a handful of reactionaries and traitors to their own coun-
try, guided by their narrow and selfish interests, joined the invader
and placed themselves at his service, hoping, by his help, to suppress
the general national uprising and establish a regime of dictatorship
and national oppression, and to accomplish the extermination of cer-
tain nationalites in some parts of Yugoslavia.

While the chief and the most urgent task of the general na-
tional liberation movement was the struggle against the invader, the
struggle for national liberation; for the traitors of our country, hire-
lings and assistants of the invader the most wgent task was the sup-
ressi'on and annihilation of the national libeirAon rising through the
help of the invader, and the annihilation of every one who rose

543

against the invader. Their most urgent task was the struggle for the
maintenance of the occupation.

That was the general line of action, during the occupation, of
all the traitors and the hirelings and assistants of the invaders. Such
also was the general line of action of all these servants and assistants
of the invader who are now sentenced.

The more the liberation struggle spread and grew in strength
and the more new patriots — conscious that the only good and pos-
sible way was the one followed by the liberation movement of the
peoples of Yugoslavia — joined the National Liberation Movement,
the more open became the cooperation of all the traitors of our
country with the invader, and the closer grew the mutual collabora-
tion and union of all hirelings and assistants of the invaders. Together
in a 'united front on the side of the invader in the struggle against
the rising for liberation were Ned-id's troops, Ljotic's troops, Pavelic\s
Ustasas, the Slovene "White Guard", Mihailovic's Cetniks, and the
greater part of the Yugoslav emigrants with the government and
the king at their head, a great majority of reactionary politicians,
from the executives of former political parties, such as the Democrat
party, the Radical iparty, the Agrarian party, the Socialist party, the
Yugoslav National party, the former Slovene parties, associated in the
"Slovene Union", and other hirelings and assistants of the invaders. All
these, each in his way, waged a struggle against those who rose in
the liberation struggle against the (invader; thus, 'in the interest of
Germans, Italians, Bulgarians and Hungarians, they fanned the
flames of the fratricidal war. These traitors impeded to a great
extent the liberation struggle of the peoples of Yugoslavia against
the invader, for the peoples of Yugoslavia, while fighting against
the invader had at the same time to fight against all the traitors
of Oiur country, against hirelings and assistants of the invader.

In the struggle against the liberation movement, the traitors
spared considerable forces to the invaders; otherwise the invaders
would have been obliged to draw extra forces from other allied
fronts and throw them into the struggle against the liberation uprising,
thus adding them to the forces which they already kept in Yugo-
slavia. Thus the servants and assistants of the invaders, by fighting
against the National Liberation movement, weakened the war effort
of Yugoslavia, at the same time doing enormous harm to the ge-
neral Allied fight against the fascist conquerors. If there had been
no traitors in our country, the contribution of Yugoslavia to the
general Allied victory would have been still greater.

544

Such was the traitorous work of all the hirelings and assistants
of the invaders. Such was the work of all these sentenced.

In order to mask and justify their cooperation with the in-
vader, and in order to mislead a part of our people to follow the
road of fratricidal war all the accused, during the struggle of the
peoples of Yugoslavia against the invader, tried to justify their treason
by false pretexts that they were waging a war against communists,
and that by their struggle against the liberation movement they were
saving Serbian heads, saving the Serbian people from extermination.
The falsity of the slogans about the struggle against communists and
about saving Serbian heads were best revealed by war crimes per-
petrated by the traitors, hirelings and assistants of the invaders. The
war crimes show that the traitors were annihilating not only the
communists, but every one who rose in the 'Struggle against the
invader, or in any way helped the liberation struggle of the peoples
of Yugoslavia, and in some parts of Yugoslavia, they exterminated
entire populations.

Even before the Court, all the accused emphasized in their
defence that in their traitorous work they were guided by patriotic
motives, arid alleged that they desired to save the Serbs from exter-
mination and reprisals by the invaders.

However, as the Serbian people were the first to rise in the
struggle against the invaders, the hirelings and assistants of the inva-
ders directed their greatest efforts against the Serbian people. From
the very beginning of the general national liberation uprising in Serbia,
there fought against this rising, and placed themiselves on the side
of the invaders, Nedic and Ljotic, as well as Mihailovic with his
Cetniks, the Yugoslav emigrant government and all other reactio-
naries and enemies of the Serbian people, although they all knew
that the rising was not only the action of the communists, but of the
broad masses of the Serbian people, who had risen in the struggle
for liberty. And afterwards, during the whole of the occupation, all
these traitors, each in his own way, helped the invader in suppressing
the liberation struggle of the Serbian people. And while some were an-
nihilating, not only the communists, but also thousands and thousands
of other Serbian patriots who were fighting against the invader or
tin any way helping the liberation struggle, others gave them moral
and political support and encouragement and incited them still more
in their traitorous and criminal action.

Thus the false saviours of the Serbian people caused the great-
est losses and sufferings to that very Serbian people in the most
difficult days of its history, when it was shedding its blood for its

545

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546

existence and liberty; they thus caused inestimable harm to the libe-
ration struggle >of all the peoples of Yugoslavia; and some of them,
such as Mihailovic and his Cetniks, were annihilating Moslems, as
well as Serbs and Croats, thus fanning the chauvinist hatred and
fratricidal struggle between 'the Serbian people and the other peoples
of Yugoslavia, dn order to separate for ever the brotherly peoples
of Yugoslavia.

Mdhaik>vic? the members of [the emigrant government, the
members of the so called Central National Committee, and the Cetnik
commanders, especially distinguished themselves among the accused,
"by their attempt to hide their traitorous action by spreading pro-
paganda that they were oon the .side of the Allies, and that they
wanted to fight against the invader, but that they were only waiting
for an opportune 'moment to do so. By their false propaganda they
wanted to hide from public opinion in Allied countries their coope-
ration with the invader, to deceive a part of the population inside
the country, to preserve the legality and continuity of the emigrant
government in the eyes of the Allies, and lastly, by their false alle-
gations that they were fighting against the communists, they wanted
to create abroad the false impression that in Yugoslavia there was
no liberation struggle against the invader but only a civil war, and
on the (basis of this they tried to justify their cooperation with the
enemy.

From October 1941, till January 1945, Mihailovic had British
and American military representatives with his General Staff. Through
these military representatives and through the Yugoslav emigrant
government he was for a long time getting moral, political and
material help, in spite of the fact that at the same time he was rece-
iving help in arm's and other war equipment from the German and
Italian invaders.

The British and American officers with the Staff of the accused
Mihailovic, by pushing him into the struggle against the communists,
were in fact inciting him to cooperate with the invader in the struggle
against the liberation rising of the peoples of Yugoslavia. The conduct
of these officers was an expression of the policy of certain reactio-
nary circlets abroad, who wanted to direct political developement in
Yugoslavia and the Balkans according to their own interest, and not
in the interests of the peoples of Yugoslavia and other Balkan peoples.

The help which the accused Mihailovi£ was getting from
abroad made it easier for him to hide his cooperation with the in-
vader from the national masses and enabled Mm to hold -out for so
long. If it had not been for the help from albroad, the peoples of

547

Yugoslavia would have annihilated rrmich sooner and with much
smaller losses Mihailovic and the whole of his organization, as
ordinary collaborators of the fascist invaders.

Mihailovid also distinguished hhniself iby his cooperation with
quisling military and political circles in various reactionary groups
of the 'neighbouring countries: Greece, Albania, Bulgaria, Roumania
and Hungary, on the basis of the common struggle against the libe-
ration movement of the peoples of Yugoslavia and the liberation
movement in the neighbouring countries. On that basis Mihailovic
established contact and cooperated with Zervas in Greece, Muharem
Barjaktar and other traitors of the Albanian people, with generals
of the Bulgarian occupying forces, such as Stancev, Malinov and
other higher officers, and with Bulgarian politicians such as Gemet,
Velcev, Ginovslki atnd others, with the Hungarian general Usjszas'zy
and the quisling minister K£lay and also with the representatives of
Antonescoe's General Staff, the Iron Guard and Maniu.

In spite of all the attempts of the invaders and their hirelings
and helpers to suppress the liberation rising in Yugoslavia, the peoples
of Yugoslavia emerged from that great and terrible struggle as
victors, and created their new common State, the brotherly com-
monwealth of the Federative People's Republic of Yugoslavia.

In the light of these historical facts, which were confirmed at
this trial, the Court has judged the gravity of the criminal acts and
of the criminal responsibility of all the accused.

On the basis of numerous written documents and depositions
of witnesses and also complete or partial admissions of the accused,
and taking into account universally known facts, the Court hais come
to the conclusion that all the accused did in fact commit all the cri-
minal acts described in this verdict and that they are criminally
responsible.

The court has also duly considered the defence of the accused
and has found that:

The defence of the accused Mihailovid is, that he did not coope-
rate with the invader in the struggle -against the liberation uprising of
the peoples of Yugoslavia and that he did not support the occupation,
that he did not order his commanders and organizations to commit
war crimes, that he did not organize terrorist bands and that he did
not order the perpetration of terrorist acts and, finally, that in his
organization he had no influence on his commanders and that they
did what they liked.

But it hajs been confirmed that the accused Mihailovic coope-
rated with the invader and supported the ocupation system.

35*

548

As early as August, 1941, the accused Mihailovic concluded an
.agreement with the quisling Nedic, who was openly a servant of the
German invader in the suppression of the national liberation rising
in Serbia and in the establishment of peace and order, which were
.so necessary to the invader. This was partially admitted by the ac-
cused Mihailovic. It is also confirmed by the written deposition of
•Nedic given to the examining magistrate, which was read at the trial.

On November 1, 1941, the accused Mihailovic ordered his
Cetniks to attack the Partisans at Uzice, and immediately after this
he ordered a general attack by all Cetniik forces against the Parti-
sans, with the intention of annihilating the main body of the Partisan
forces which were fighting against the invader, and of suppressing
the rising of the Serbian people, at the time when the invaders were
carrying out their First Offensive against the rising in Serbia. The
Court was convinced of this also by the deposition of the witness,
Radtosav Duric, and also by the deposition of the accused Olisic.

During the general attack on the Partisans, on the night of
November 13, 1941, the accused Mihailovic met in the village of
Divci, near Valjevo, the representatives of the German military com-
mander for Serbia, and on that same night his Cetniks delivered to
the Germans in the village of Slovac, near Divci, 360 Partisans, whom
the Cetniks of the accused Mihailovic had taken prisoner and con-
ducted from the Ravna Gora to Slovac. Of this the Court was con-
vinced by the partial admission of the accused Mihailovic and by the
deposition of the witness Darinka Maric-Popovic, and as regards the
delivery of the Partisans to the Germans, by the deposition of 2ivko
Lalovic and Branislav Popovic, who were in the group of the deli-
vered Partisans, and also from the deposition at the Court by the
witness Jovan Skava.

In December 1941, Mihailovic ordered his commanders to lega-
lize themselves, that is, to put themselves publicly and openly in the
service of the Germans, under the command of the traitor Nedii.
Of this the Court was convinced by the letter of Captain Rakovi£,
which was read at the trial, and in which Ralkovic informs Mihailovid
that he has executed this order and legalized himself, acting on the
instructions given at the meeting held on November 30, 1941. The
Court was also convinced of this by the deposition of the accused
Glisic which he gave when confronted with Mihailovic, who affirmed
that, at a meeting in a village in the Takovo District in December
1941, Mihailovic personally ordered him to legalize himself.

It has been confirmed that Mihailovid, personally, and through
other commanders, especially through Ostojid, directed the opera-

549

tions of the Cetnik forces in which, from January till the .mid-lie of
April 11943, they cooperated with Germans, Italians and Ustasjas in
the Fourth Enemy Offensive against the units • of the Army of Na-
tional Liberation, and helped the invader to regain the territory libe-
rated by that army. This was partially admitted by Mihailovic himself,
and it has been confirmed by numerous original telegrams and letters
exchanged between the accused Mihailovic and his commanders Lu~
kacevic, Durisid and others.

It has been confirmed that during 1944 the accused Mihailovic
met once Neubaeher, German representative for the South-East, and
twice Neubacher's delegate, Starker. Colonel McDowell, of the Ame-
rican Army, was present at this meeting; and he also met twice Star-
ker and the German agent, Acimovic, in Bosnia, in 1945.

All this was admitted by the accused Mihailovic, and of the
fn-eetdng with Neubacher the Court was convinced during the trial,
through the deposition of the witness Vlada Jovanovid.

In 1944, Mihailovid personally, and in accordance with his
instructions, his commanders also, met Nedic, Ljotdd, and the Ustasas.
Mihailovid, admitted that he met Nedid in 1944, when it was agreed
to give help to Mihailovid. In connection with this his commander
Rakovid was sent to Belgrade to receive the help 'Specified by the
agreement with Nedid, and through Bosko Pavlovid 30.000 rifles,
equipment, clothes etc, were delivered to Mihailovic's organization.
The Court satisfied itself of the truth of this by all these facts .and
instructions, by letters and telegram's and by a letter sent to Pavelic
through Bra&id, a lawyer; and Dragi Jovanovic and Bosko Pavlovid
testified as to the delivery of the above mentioned material.

It has been confirmed that all the commanders of the accused
Mihailovid and all his Cetnik formations cooperated with the German,
Italian amd Bulgarian occupyng troops, during the whole of the
occupation, in armed struggles against the Army of National Libe-
ration atnd the Partisan Detachments of Yugoslavia, receiving all
that time arms, ammunition, food and other supplies from the invader,
with the object of suppressing the liberation rising and of- helping
the maintenance of the invader's regime. All this has been admitted
by the accused Mihailovid, and it has all been confirmed by numerous
telegrams, letters, orders and reports of Mihailovic's commanders,
read during the trial. It has been ascertained that Mihailovic's com-
manders cooperated with the invaders om the orders from the accused
Mihailovid. Of this the Court became convinced through Mihailovic's
original telegrams read at the trial, in which he orders his com-
manders to cooperate discreetly with the invader, to utilize the

550

invader, to establish contact with the invader for the purpose of
getting arms and ammunition from him and of coordinating ope-
rations rndth him. That the accused Mihailovic, contrary to the sta-
tements of his defence, ordered his commanders to commit war
'Crimes: the 'killing of Partisans taken prisoner, arson, looting, mas-
sacre of the civil population etc, the Court is convinced, through
numerous original telegrams of the accused Mihailovic, in which he
ordered his commanders to attack, annihilate and exterminate every-
one who in any way helped the Partisans, and particularly to
exterminate the Moslems and the Croats. Numerous written docu-
ments and telegrams show that the commanders executed Mihailovic's
orders. Thus, for instance, the Court is convinced that the crimes com-
mitted by Mihailovic's Cetniks in the villages of Vranic, Drugovci and
Bolec, and in the Bijelopolje, Cajnioe, Foe a and Plevlje districts, on
which full light has been thrown during the trial, by means of
written documents and depositions of witnesses who survived, were
perpetrated at the direct orders of Mihailovdc. That the commanders
of the accused Mihailovic and his Cetnik formations acted on his
orders, and not on their own initiative and against the will of the ac-
cused Mihailovic, has been proved by nurnerons original telegrams
already mentioned, and by the written reports of Mihailovid's com-
manders in which they informed him that they had executed his
orders. That the accused MEhailovic organized bands for terrorist
diversionary acts, and that he issued orders to them towards the end
of the war to perform terrorist acts, and that these bands became
ordinary bands of highway robbers whoi attacked trains, committed
murders, looted private property and killed members of the people's
committees, is confirmed by the admission of the accused Mihailovid
that he founded a school of so called commandos, that is, a school
for terrorist bands, and that he sent these bands to execute terrorist
acts on the terrain, and that he received and sent to Serbia the
eispoinage and terrorist groojp of Gasparevic, sent by the Gestapo in
Vienna, and that to that group he attached a group of his own!,
under the command of his commander, Topalovid. This is also con-
firmed by the deposition of the accused VranjeSevid who*, confronted
with the accused Mihailovic, affirmed that the latter ordered him
first 'orally and then in writing, in spring 1941, to form small ter-
rorist groups and to attack trains, kill members of the people's com-
mittees and perform other terorrist acts.

And all the other acts described in the indictmient, for which
Mihailovic was criminally responsible and has been sentenced,, prove

551

that Mihailovic's defence is founded on untruth, and the Court has
therefore rejected it as such.

The counsel for the defence of the accused Mihailovic alleged
at the trial that the accused Mihailovic did not personally cooperate
with the invader, and that he cannot be held responsible for the
cooperation of his commanders with the enemy. But it has been
proved by original telegrams and letters of the accused Mihailovic,
and by his admission regarding his meetings, with the Germans and
Nedid, that he personally cooperated with the invader, and that also,
through his commanders, he concluded agreements of cooperation
with the invader, and therefore the above mentioned assertion of the
Counsel for the Defence has been rejected as unfounded.

Dragic Joksknovic, lawyer, Counsel for the Defence of the

accused Mihailovi^, maintained that the accused Mihailovic did not

commit integral treason against the people by cooperating with the

invader in the struggle against the liberation rising of the peoples of

Yugoslavia, but that he only committed treason against the Partisans.

If the Court had accepted this statement of Mr. Jolksimovic, it would

actually be justifying the cooperation of the accused Mihailovic with

the invader and condoning this treason against the people, for

Mr. Joksiinioviid, in putting forward the defence that Mihailovic did

not commit full treason, but only treason against a part of the

people, the part which fought against the invader, is in fact defending

those who not only did not fight against the invader, but supported

the invader and his regime. It means that he is defending that small

number of those who found themselves in the traitorous organization

-of the accused Miihailovid and in the organizations of other hirelings

and assistants of the invader. The Court could not take the view of

Mr. Joksimovid, and justify support of the invader, or cooperation

with the invader against the peoples of Yugoslavia, and has therefore

rejected Mr. Joksirnovid's argument.

Mr. Joksknotid maintained that the accused Mihailovic fought
against the liberation rising for ideological reasons, that is, that the
..accused Mihailovid wlas an upholder of one ideology and the Na-
tional Liberation movement of another, and that therefore the
.struggle of the accused Mihailovid against the liberation movement
was based on a conflict of ideologies. He also maintained that the
accused Mihailovid was the only legal representative recognised by
the legal government, and that the national liberation movement
was illegal Because of all this, he maintained that the accused Miha-
ilovid could not be considered guilty of treason against the people
.and the state.

552

The Court did not accept the arguments of M. Joksimovic,
because the cooperation of the acused Mihailovic with the invader
in maintaining the regime of occupation and in 'Suppressing the libe-
ration rising of the peoples, of Yugoslavia has been proved, 'and
therefore any defence of Mihailovic's traitorous action based oo ideo-
logical reasons is in reality a defence of the ideology of mainte-
nance of the occupation, of supporting the system of enslavement of
the peoples of Yugoslavia, a defence of the ideology of treason
against the fatherland, as in reality and by its essence Mihailovic's
ideology was.

The fact emphasized by the Counsel for the Defence of the
accused Mihadlovic that the latter was a member of the legal emigrant
government and that that government proclaimed Mihailovid to be
its only legal representative, approving fully of his action and as-
sisting him with all the means at its disposal, shows only that the
emigrant government was also supporting the regime of the occu-
pation and helping the invaders in suppressing the liberation rising
of the peoples of Yugoslavia, and therefore it in no way excludes
the criminal responsibilty of the sentenced Mihailovic."

After presenting the argumentation for the criminal respon-
sibility of each of the sentenced persons, the President of the Court
concluded as follows:

"By pronouncing this verdict the Court considers itself to be
a faithful interpreter of the national feeling for justice and equity,
and that by the stigmatization of treason a/gainst the fatherland it
has remained consistent to the agelong freedom-loving traditions of
our peoples, who from time immemorial esteemed liberty above eve-
rything, and treason against the fatherland as the gravest crime,

Death to Fascism — Liberty to the People."

(At the conclusion of the 'Speech of the President of the Court,
there was enthusiastic applause, and shouts of »Long live the
People's Court«).

THE PRESIDIUM OF THE PEOPLE'S ASSEMBLY OF THE

FEDERATIVE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA REJECTS

THE APPEAL FOR MERCY OF THE TRAITORS AND WAR

CRIMINALS SENTENCED TO DEATH

The Presidium of the People's Assembly of the Federative
People's Republic of Yugoslavia at its meeting on July 16, 1946, con-
sidered the pleas for mercy submitted by those sentenced to death;
namely: Dragoljub-Draza Mihailovic personally; by the Counsel for
Defence of Mladen 2ujovid; by Radoslav-Rade Radic personally; by
Mik>§ Glisid personally; by the Counsel for Defence of Petar 2ivkovic;
by Dragomir-Dragi Jovanovid personally; by Tanasije-Tasa Dime
personally; by Velibor Jonic personally; by Dura Dokic personally;
by Kosta MuSicki personally and by BoSko Pavloviic — and has de-
cided to reject the appeals for mercy of the above mentioned persons.

EXECUTION OF THE DEATH SENTENCE ON DRAGOLJUB-DRA2A
MIHAILOVIC AND OTHER TRAITORS AND WAR CRIMINALS

Belgrade, July 17, 1946

After the Presidium of the People's Assembly of the Federative
People's Republic of Yugoslavia had rejected the appeals for mercy of
the traitors and war criminals who were sentenced to death, the death
sentence was executed on Dragoljub-Draza Mihailovic, Radoslav-Rade
Radii, MiloS GliSid, Dragomir-Dragi Jovanovid, Tanasije-Tasa Dinic,
Velibor Jonid, Dura Dokic, Kosta Musicki and Bosko Pavlovic.

NOTE ON THE PRONOUNCIATION OF YUGOSLAV NAMES

Most letters of the Yugoslav (alphabet are pronounced as in
English.

The English equivalents of those letters of the Yugoslav alpha-
bet which by their sound or form differ from the English are as
follows:

Yugoslav
alphabet

a
e
i

o
u
c

dz
d

e
j

English
pronoun elation

as a 'in father

e (pet)

i (machine)

o (Olivia)

GO (fool) or u (rule)

ts (lots)

tch

ch (church)

j (John)

8 feo)

y (yacht)

ly or as li in mill-ion

ny or as n in new

sh -or as s in ship

zh or as s dn pleasure

CONTENTS

Page

INDIC <; - — - ---------------- 11

EXA"*iN' ' - F MIHAILOVIC ------------ 107

Dragi acme", police chief, an ally of the organization of

Dra^a Mihailovid --------------- 389

'THE EVIDENCE — — — --------------- 407

Testimony of two commanders in 1941 ------ ---- 409

From the documents appended to the indie tmeM — ---- 427

THE FINAL SPEECH OF THE MILITARY PROSECUTOR — - --- 481

Mihailovid's final speech — — ------------- 497

THE VERDICT ------- . -------------- 501

The Presidium of the F. P. R. Y. rejected the appeals for mercy

of the traitors and war criminals sentenced to death --- 553
Execution of the death sentence on Draza Mihaalovic" and other

traitors and war criminals ------------ 553

PRINTED BY THE STATE PRINTING HOUSE IN BELGRADE

128 209

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