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O    THE   LIBRARY   OF    o 


ft*/ 

I 


THE 


TRIBUTE  BOOK 


A    RECORD    OF 


THE  MUNIFICENCE,  SELF-SACRIFICE 


PATRIOTISM 


OF 


THE   AMERICAN    PEOPLE 

DURING   THE   WAR   FOR   THE   UNIOX, 

Illustrate. 
BY    FRAlNTK    B.    GOODRICH 


n      , 

AUTHOR  OF    THE  COURT  OF  NAPOLEON,   ETC. 


"  A  TRIBUTE  or  A  FREE-WILL  OFFERING." — DEUT.  xvi.  10. 


NEW   YORK: 

PUBLISHED    BY    DERBY   &   MILLER. 
1865. 


I    - 


0.    A.    ALVORD.    El.F.rTROTYPKR   AND    PRINTER. 


b 


• 


: 


Book  contains  the  story  of  seventy  millions  of  dollars. 
Ordinarily,  Millions  do  not^furnish  an  interesting  or  an  instructive 
theme;  he  who  writes  their  history  has  generally  little  to  tell 
but  a  tale  of  selfishness  and  greed,  or  at  best,  of  dogged  in- 
dustry or  stubborn  self-denial.  It  is  rare  that  he  who  collects 
the  chronicles  of  dollars  and  cents,  pounds,  shillings  and  pence, 
can  lay  before  the  reader  such  a  record  of  self-sacrifice  as  the 
following  pages  embody.  These  are  not  the  annals  of  mercan- 
tile shrewdness,  of  wealth  heaped  up  by  toil  or  avarice,  of 
riches  painfully  gathered  by  patience  or  speedily  swept  together 
by  genius  or  fortune :  they  are  the  records  of  money  given, 
not  money  earned;  of  a  labor  of  love,  not  of  labor  for  hire 
and  salary ;  of  purse-strings  unloosed,  of  the  latch-string  hang- 
ing free,  of  self-assessment,  of  tribute  rendered  always  willingly, 
often  unasked.  This  volume,  in  a  word,  is  a  digest  —  the 
materials  for  twenty  such  having  been  condensed  into  one  —  of 
the  ways  and  means  by  which  the  American  people,  having 
been  taxed  to  pay  three  thousand  millions  of  dollars  for  the 
prosecution  of  a  war — of  their  own  accord,  without  tax  or  toll, 
collected  and  expended  nearly  seventy  millions  more.  Its  contents, 


4  PREFACE. 

varied  in  their  details,  have,  fundamentally,  but  one  source, 
and  treat  of  but  one  purpose.  The  intent  was  one  and  the 
same,  whether  the  particular  object  in  view  was  to  promote 
enlistments,  to  procure  representative  recruits,  to  relieve  drafted 
men,  to  succor  the  families  of  volunteers,  to  sustain  the  efficiency 
of  the  army,  to  care  for  the  sick  and  wounded,  to  send  aid 
to  the  distressed  Unionist  within  the  rebel  lines,  to  feed  the 
impoverished  operative  abroad,  to  build  soldiers'  rests,  to  endow 
orphan  asylums,  to  give  homes  to  living  officers  and  erect 
monuments  to  dead  ones.  Our  subject  is  the  private  generos- 
ity, the  munificence,  the  philanthropy,  of  the  War  for  the 
Union ;  and  no  form  in  which  money  has  been  obtained — out- 
side of  taxation,  legislation,  and  appropriation,  whether  by  states, 
counties,  or  towns — and  expended  for  any  purpose  connected 
with  the  prosecution  of  the  war,  has  been  knowingly  omitted. 

This  stated,  there  is  little  else  requiring  notice  in  these 
preliminary  pages.  A  grateful  duty  remains  to  the  compiler 
—  for  compilation  and  annotation  have  been  his  principal  labors 
-that  of  acknowledging  the  assistance  received,  without  which 
not  one  page  could  have  been  prepared,  nor  one  fact  obtained. 
A  book  like  this  has  not  been  produced  without  the  asking 
of  innumerable  questions ;  and  those  to  whom  they  have  been 
addressed,  have,  in  no  case,  let  them  pass  unheeded,  though 
they  had  often,  doubtless,  many  more  pressing  things  to  do  than 
answering  them.  To  the  corresponding  secretaries  of  the  various 
associations  whose  labors  are  here  recorded,  the  thanks  of  the 
publishers  are  due,  and  are  hereby  cordially  offered.  To  the 
presidents  of  the  several  commissions,  to  the  superintendents  of 
soldiers'  homes  and  asylums,  to  the  treasurers  of  bounty  and 
defence  funds,  to  all  who  have  afforded  aid,  the  publishers 
gratefully  confess  their  indebtedness. 

One  other  debt  they  have  to  acknowledge,  even  if  they 
are  never  able  to  pay  it.  Unassisted,  they  could  not  have 
assumed  the  financial  responsibility  of  an  undertaking  so  serious 


PREFACE.  ii 

as  the  present ;  nor  is  it  probable  that  any  of  their  colleagues 
of  the  book-producing  profession  would  have  cared  to  take  upon 
themselves  a  burden,  in  one  sense,  so  exhausting.  It  was  fortunate 
that  the  gentleman  who  conceived  the  idea  of  collecting  these 
chronicles  and  of  laying  them  before  the  public  in  an  attractive 
form,  possessed  also  the  means ;  fortunate,  too,  that,  having 
the  means  to  work  out  the  idea,  he  was  not  afraid  to  use 
them.  If  the  public  finds  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK  a  welcome  ad- 
dition to  the  shelf  or  the  table,  if  it  discovers  that  the  frame 
is  not  altogether  unworthy  of  the  canvas,  if  it  sees  any  reason 
to  rejoice  that  American  designers  and  engravers  upon  wood, 
American  paper-makers,  American  printers  and  binders  have  been 
enabled,  in  the  exercise  of  their  several  arts  and  handicrafts, 
to  bestow  a  fitting  dress  upon  a  peculiarly  American  theme, 
it  will  doubtless  be  glad  to  know  whom  to  thank.  Mr. 
GEORGE  JONES,  once  of  Vermont,  now  of  New  York,  one  of 
the  proprietors  of  the  New  York  Times,  is  the  projector  and 
patron  of  this  work.  Without  saying  that  the  seventy  millions' 
voluntary  outlay  will  become  seventy-one  millions,  if  this  enter- 
prise ends  in  disaster,  we  may  hint  that  the  responsibility  is 
quite  enough  for  one  pair  of  shoulders,  and  that,  large  or  small, 
it  has  been  gallantly  borne. 

THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK  is  offered  to  the  public,  in  the  belief 
that  the  records  are  of  value,  whether  they  have  been  skil- 
fully collected  or  not,  and  that  the  people,  who,  for  four 
years,  have  been  making  history,  will  not  regret  that  one 
phase  of  it  is  thus  early  committed  to  print. 

NEW  YORK,  August,  1865. 


Ill    111 

rOT'^I^Pf  "H  \ 

ff\ 

to 

Engraved  by                   Page 

• 

.  fylwutul 

Ho.                                          Subject                                              Designed  by 

1.  TITLE     .... 

.      NABT      . 

.    RICHARDSON 

2.   ORNAMENTAL  BORDER 

HOCIISTKIN 

BROSS      ....           2 

COPYRIGHT    . 

.      WILL      . 

.    TBBST        ....       2 

3    LETTERING           .    .       . 

«      .       . 

N.  ORR    ....           3 

4.            •               =.           .           . 

4          .          .          .      HITCHCOCK 

7 

5.  DEDICATION 

WILL      . 

.    TRENT  .        .        To  FACF.      12 

6.  INITIAL  LETTER      . 

SDEABMAN 

.     RICHARDSON           .        .          15 

T.  VALLEY  FORGE  . 

NAST 

DAVIS         ....      20 

8.  LADIES    OF    PHILADELPHIA    WORKING    FOR  I 
v      BILLING  3 
WASHINGTON'S  ARMY     .           .           .           .    J 

.    RICHARDSON  ...         22 

9    VIGNETTE       . 

.      WILL  . 

u                   ...      25 

10.   THE  FIRST  SUBSCRIPTION 

McLENAN 

.        .        .          26 

11.   INITIAL  LETTER     . 

.          .           .      HITCHCOCK 

.      26 

12.   NEW  BOOTS  FOR  OLD 

NAST      . 

.    DAVIS     ....          40 

13.  THE  FRIGATE  VANDERBILT                .           .           .      FBSW  . 

N.  ORR      .       .       .       .      41 

14.   "THERE  LET  IT  WAVE,  AS 

IT  WAVED  OF  OLD"      Hows     . 

.    RICHARDSON  ...         43 

15.  THE   LADIES    OF    AUGUSTA   TREATING    THE) 
V      NAST  . 
THIRD  MAINE  TO  DOUGHNUTS         .           .    \ 

DAVIS        ....     45 

16.   VIGNETTE      . 

SHEABMAN 

.    BRIGHTLY       ...         69 

17.   SIX    AND    EIGHTY-SIX    KNITTING    FOR    THE  J 
v      WHITE 
SOLDIEHS       \ 

•8.  OBB      .       ,       .       .70 

18.   VIGNETTE      . 

.          .          .      SHEARMAN 

.    RICHARDSON  ...         76 

Jfb. 
19. 

20. 
21. 

Sutyect. 
THE  UNITED  STATES  SANITARY  COMMISSION  . 
POETKAIT  OF  DR.  BELLOWS 
THE  SANITARY  COMMISSION  IN  THE  HOSPITAL 
BEFORE  THE  BATTLE      

Deifigned  by 
NAST  . 
WILL      . 
NAST  . 
FENN      . 

Engraved  l>y 
DAVIS 

BOUBETT   &    IIoOPt-R 

.     N.  OKR    .        .        . 

Page 

.      77 

77 
.      85 
87 

22. 

ALERT         

WHITE 

.      SS 

23. 

SANITARY  CHARADE:  MET-A-PHYSICIAN 

McLENAN 

.     RICHARDSON 

.      89 

24 

CHILDREN'S  SOLDIERS'  FAIR 

HOWARD     . 

DAVIS     .        .        . 

9S 

25. 

FAIR  UPON  A  DOOR-STEP          .... 

WHITE    . 

.    N.  ORE       .       . 

.    101 

26. 

PICKING  BLACKBERRIES  FOR  THE  SOLDIERS 

NAST  . 

DAVIS     . 

103 

27. 

OFFICE  OF  A  SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY  . 

.        . 

.       .       . 

.     Ill 

28. 

VIGNETTE       

HEBRICK     . 

N.  ORR    . 

113 

29. 

AID  SOCIETY'S  AID       

« 

.        «              .        .        . 

.     119 

30. 

STRAWBERRY  FESTIVAL  FOB  THE  SOLDIERS  . 

HOPPIN 

RICHARDSON  .       .  - 

121 

31. 

MR.  MURDOCK  READING  TO  SOLDIERS   IN  A  ) 
HOSPITAL       f 

A.  R.  WAUD  . 

.    RICHARDSON 

.     127 

32. 

MINUTE-MAN  OF  KALAMAZOO 

LUMLEY 

. 

137 

33. 

SANITARY  CHARADE              .... 

McLENAN 

.     N.  ORB 

.    14C 

34. 

BUSY  FINGERS        

HOPPIN 

"       .        . 

157 

35. 

INITIAL  LETTER            .           .           . 

HlTCUCOCK       . 

.    TRENT 

.     158 

36. 

THE  LAKE  COUNTY  DELEGATION    .           . 

CAKT 

RICHARDSON  . 

161 

37. 

THE  CHICAGO  FAIR  DINING-HALL 

.       . 

V         "                   '.        . 

.    164 

38. 

ELLSWORTH  ZOUAVE  DRILL  .... 

NAST  . 

DAVIS     . 

167 

39. 

DISCOVERY  OF  A  BALANCE  OF  ONE  CENT    . 

HOPPIN  . 

.    N.  OBR       . 

.     172 

40. 

SANTA   CLAUS   ASSISTING    THE    LADIES    OF) 
CINCINNATI  f 

STEPHENS   . 

RICHARDSON  . 

ISO 

41. 

COMMITTEE  ON  ENTERTAINMENT  OF  STRAX-  ) 
GERS,  AT  WORK                                                        f 

McLENAN 

.    BRIGHTLY 

.    182 

42. 

WORK  OF  THE  COMMITTEE  ON  EVERGREENS  . 

FENN  . 

N.  ORR    . 

183 

43. 

SALE  OF  CHRISTMAS  TREES   IN  GREENWOOD  1 

HEBRICK 

184 

HALL     1 

44. 

VIGNETTE       

" 

u 

189 

45. 

THE  BROOKLYN  AND  LONG  ISLAND  FAIR      . 

McNEVIN 

.    RICHARDSON 

.     190 

46. 

THE  OLD  WOMAN  WHO  LIVED  IN  A  SHOE 

WHITNEY     . 

N.  ORR   . 

194 

47. 

NEW  ENGLAND  KITCHEN:  A  QUILTING  PARTY  . 

CHAPMAN 

.      FlLMER 

.    197 

ILLUSTRATIONS. 

No.  Subject. 

48.  WAX  FLOWERS  AT  THE  BROOKLYN  FAIR      . 

49.  NEW  ENGLAND  KITCHEN:  APPLE  PARING 

50.  THE  FAIR  NEWSPAPERS       .... 

51.  THE  SUGAR  PENDULUM  .... 

52.  ARMORY  OF  THE  22D   REGIMENT  ARRANGED  ) 

FOR  THE  METROPOLITAN  FAIR         .  j 

53.  SANITA3Y  VOTING 

54.  THE  HEART 

55.  ILLUSTRAT 
PORTRAITS 

56.  EPISODE  tt 

57.  VIGNETTE 

58.  VIGNETTE 

59.  VIGNETTE 

60.  VIGNETTE 

61.  VIGNETTE 

62.  VIGNETTE 

63.  VIGNETTE 

64.  VIGNETTE 

65.  VIGNETTE 

66.  SCENE  IN  1 

67.  ILLUSTRAT 

PORTRAIT  OF  EDWIN  BOOTH        ...  " 

PORTRAITS  OF  MRS.  JOHN  HOEY  AND  J.  LES- ) 

V      WILL     . 
TER  WALLACK  .  .  .  .  .         j 

68.  VIGNETTE       .  .  .  .  .  .      HERRICK 

69.  TATTOO      .          .          .  ...          .  NAST  . 

70.  SCENE    OF    THE    GREAT    CENTRAL    FAIR  OF) 

v      LTTMLEY  . 
PHILADELPHIA  .  .  \ 

11.  MAKING  BOUQUETS  FOR  THE  FAIR      . 

72.  SANITARY  FAIR  POST-OFFICE 

73.  MILITARY  VASE  .... 

74.  ILLUSTRATED  PROGRAMME    . 

75.  ONE  DAY'S  LABOR,  ONE  DAY'S  INCOME 


Designed  by 

Engraved  by 

Page 

HOCHSTEIX 

RICHARDSON  . 

201 

CHAPMAX 

.      FlLJfEB 

.    203 

WHITXET    . 

N.  OR::    . 

209 

HOPPIX  . 

u 

.    217 

WHITE 

HOGAX 
HOPPIX 
NAST  . 


219 


:NG            .....       NAST      . 

.    DAVIS         ....    221 

THE  ANDES           .           .           .    •        HEBBICK 

,       .        N.  ORB   ....        223 

IONCERT  PROGRAMME       .           .       McNsvix 

.    RICHARDSOX        To  FACB    224 

3OTTSCHALK  AND  BAKILI     .            WILL  . 

"                                       224 

riCS  :  ONLY  TEN  CENTS    .           .      WHITE    . 

.       .    N.  ORR    .        .        .        .        225 

.               HOGAX 

....    226 

McLEXAX 

.    BRIGHTLY       .        .        .        227 

.....                 IIOGAN 

,      .       N.  ORB       ....    229 

.           .                      .           .      WHITE   . 

14           ....        233 

.....           HEBRICK    . 

.           M              ....    235 

.....      HOGAX  . 

"                   ...        236 

HERRIOK 

.       .           «              .       .        .        .    23S 

BILLINGS 

u                  ...       239 

.           .           .           HERRICE     . 

,           "                      ...    241 

METROPOLITAN  FAIR  .           .           HOGAX 

u                   ...        241 

JRAMATIC  PROGRAMME    .           .      McNKvrx 

.    RICHABDSOX      To  FACE      242 

242 
242 

.    244 
245 


N.  ORB 

FlLMER 

N.  ORE 


"  ....  255 

.        .        .  256 

BOBBKTT  it  HOOPBK  TO  FACE  25S 

DAVIS  u  2CO 


10 

ILLUSTRATIONS. 

JT0. 

7G. 

Subject. 
VIGNETTE      .           

Designed  by 
FBNN 

Engraved  by 

.    N.  ORK 

Page 

.    261 

17. 

VIGNETTE            ,           

BILLINGS    . 

IIOEY          .          V 

262 

78. 

VIGNETTE      .           .           .           .           »           >         '  ;; 

HERRICK 

.    N.  ORR       . 

.        .     264 

79. 

VIGNETTE             

HOGAN        .    '   . 

.       . 

26o 

80. 

VIGNETTE       

HERKICK 

.        " 

'    .        .     267 

81. 

VIGNETTE             

McLENAN    . 

.       . 

268 

82. 

VIGNETTE      ....           .         ,. 

HOPPIN  . 

.        "              .       . 

.    270 

83 

VIGNETTE            

LUMLEY 

RlCUAEDSON    . 

271 

84. 

VIGNETTE      .           .           .                      . 

. 

.    272 

85. 

SANITARY  REAPER      

HBEEICK     . 

N.  OEU    .        . 

278 

86. 

A  STAGE-COACH  CONCERT  IN  IOWA 

CARY 

BRIGHTLY   . 

.    280 

87. 

MINNEHAHA        

FBNN  . 

N.  ORE    . 

.        284 

88. 

SCENE  OP  THE  SECOND  CHICAGO  FAIR    . 

»         .        . 

.        " 

.        .286 

«9. 

THE  WESTERN  SANITARY  COMMISSION 

SHEARMAN 

RlCIIAEDSON     . 

293 

PORTRAIT  OF  JAMES  E.  YEATMAN 

WILL      . 

» 

.     293 

90. 

MISSISSIPPI  RIVER  HOSPITAL  STEAMER  . 

NAST  . 

DAVIS     .        .  i 

296 

91 

SOLDIERS'  HOME  AT  MEMPHIS      . 

FENN 

.    N.  OEE 

'   .        .    298 

92. 

SANITARY  SODA      

IIOWLANI)   . 

RICHARDSON  . 

308 

93. 

A  COMMITTEE  ON  LIVE  STOCK     . 

CAEY 

. 

..       .     309 

94. 

CUTTING   WOOD    IN   THE    NORTHWEST    FOR  ) 
SOLDIERS'  WIVES        .           .                   •   .         J 

DABLET 

KlXGDON           . 

.        .        312 

95. 

VIGNETTE             .           .            .           .-^i     .           t   i 

HOCHSTEIN    . 

.    BEIGIITLY  . 

.315 

96. 

THE  MAGIC  LANTERN  IN  THE  HOSPITAL 

A.  R.  WAUD      . 

DAVIS      .       » 

316 

97. 

INITIAL  LETTER           .           .           .           . 

HOCHSTEIN    . 

.     N.  ORE 

•    t       .    322 

98. 

Q.    '.....-.-           ,          . 

"         '.       . 

RICHARDSON  . 

327 

99. 
100. 

.    N.  ORB 
DA.VIS      .        . 

,        .    334 
-.:      .        836 
.    336 

PORTRAIT  OF  GEORGE  H.  STUART 

WILL      . 

101. 

CHRISTIAN  COMMISSION  IN  THE  FIELD    . 

BILLINGS    . 

RlCUAEDSON    . 

341 

102. 

A  GUNBOAT   SUBSCRIPTION   IN  AID   OF   THK  i 
CHRISTIAN  COMMISSION            .           .           .    \ 

EYTINGE 

.    DAVIS 

.        .    345 

103. 

BALTIMORE    PARALLELS           .... 

NAST  . 

FlLHER      . 

848 

104. 

CHRISTIAN   AND    SANITARY   TABLEAU  :     RE-  1 

STEPHENS 

.    N.  ORB 

.       .    858 

BECCA  AND  ROWENA      . 


ILLUSTRATIONS. 


11 


No.  Subject. 

105.  ARMY  COEPS  CHAPEL,  NEAR  PETERSBURG 


106.  A  LAY  DELEGATE  IN  THE  HOSPITAL  . 

107.  THE  NATIONAL   FRESHMEN'S   RELIEF   ASSO- 

CIATION    . 


iSSO-  I 


108. 
109. 
110. 

111. 
112. 


113. 
114. 
115. 

116. 
117. 
118. 

119. 
120. 
121. 
122. 
123. 
124. 
125. 
126. 
127. 
128. 

129. 


PORTRAIT  OF  FRANCIS  G.  SHAW  . 

THE  IDEAL  FREEDMAN  .... 

ORIGIN  OF  THE  BIRD'S-NEST  BANK       .  J  . 

PARADE  OF  THE  20TH  U.  S.  COLORED  TROOPS  ( 
IN  NEW  YORK          ;  .  .  .  .          ' 

THE      GEORGE      GRISWOLD,      LADEN     WITH 
BREADSTUFF3         .  .         V    '       .  , 

VIGNETTES  OF  MOUNT  VERNON,  SAVANNAH. 
AND  THE  CAPITOL      .... 

PORTRAIT  OF  EDWARD  EVERETT 
EAST  TENNESSEE  REFUGEES  . 

EAST  TENNESSEE 

THE  AMERICAN  UNION  COMMISSION 
PORTRAIT  OF  DR.  J.  P.  THOMPSON 

VIGNETTE       

THE  RUINS  OF  CHAMBERSBURG  . 


Designed  by 
FENN  . 

A.  It.  WAL-D 
SHEARMAN  . 

WILL     . 
CHAPMAN   . 
HOPPIN  . 

NAST  . 
FENN      . 
HixcncocK 


Engraved  by 
N.  ORB     . 

RICHARDSON 


THE      UNION     VOLUNTEER      REFRESHMENT 
SALOON 


[ENT  | 


THE    COOPER-SHOP    REFRESHMENT  SALOON 
A  REGIMENT  AT  DINNER    .... 
CITIZENS'  UNION  VOLUNTEER  HOSPITAL 
FIRE  AMBULANCE 

DRUM-STICKS  OF  TWO  KINDS  .  , 

A  SOLDIER'S  BILL  OF  FARE 
BARRELLING  APPLES  FOR  THE  SOLDIERS 
THE  NATIONAL  SAILORS'  HOME  . 
ILLUSTRATED  PROGRAMME     . 


ONE  REASON  OUT  OF  FIFTY  FOR  A  SAILORS- 
HOME    . 


R  A  SAILORS'  1 


FILMER 
BRIGHTLY  . 

DAVIS      . 
N.  ORK 
RICHARDSON 


Page 
860 

.    863 
266 

.    866 

871 
.    874 

381 

.    3S3 

887 


VIGNETTES  :  THE  FARRAGUT  FUND 
PORTRAIT  OF  ADMIRAL  FARRAGUT 


WILL     . 

u 

867 

NAST  . 

DAVIS      .... 

891 

FENN 

N.  ORR       .... 

400 

SHEARMAN  . 

RICHARDSON   . 

407 

WILL     . 

u 

407 

HOGAN 

N.  ORR    .... 

411 

FENN                     • 

„ 

412 

HERBICK     . 

..... 

415 

FENN 

u 

418 

NAST  . 

DAVIS      .... 

419 

HOSIER  . 

RICHARDSON 

422 

CABT 

HOEY      .... 

429 

A.  R.  WAUD  . 

KlNGDON     . 

481 

HOPPIN 

N.  ORR    .... 

437 

BILLINGS 

FILMER       .... 

439 

WHITNEY   . 

N.  ORB    . 

440 

HOPPIN  . 

"                   .    To  FACK 

444 

FENN  . 

N.  OBK      .... 

447 

HITCHCOCK    . 

RICHARDSON  . 

450 

WILL  . 

• 

450 

12  ILLUSTRATIONS. 

Jfb.                                            Subject.  Designed  by  Engraved  by                     Page 

130.  VIGNETTES:  THE  GE ANT  FUND       .           .           .  HITCHCOCK     .        .  N.  ORB    ....        455 

PORTRAIT  OF  GENERAL  GRANT   .           .-          .  WILL  ...            '• 455 

131.  THE  KEARSARGE  FUND            .     •     .           .           .  FBHS      ..."          ....        457 
PORTRAIT  OF  CAPTAIN  WINSLOW          .  WILL  ...            " 457 

132.  THE  SHERMAN  FUND HITCHCOCK    .  ....        459 

PORTRAIT  OF  GENERAL  SHERMAN        .           .  WILL  ...           " 459 

133.  WOMEN  WORKING  IN  THE  FIELD    .           .           .  NAST       .        .        .  DAVIS      ....        461 

134.  THE  PROCESSION  OF  THE  SANITARY  SACK   .  "...  FILMEU       .       ,  '    .        .464 

135.  NEVADA  SCENEUY HOWLAXD      .        .  RICHARDSON    .        .        .        469 

136.  TEE  GOLDEN  CHICKEN  OF  MARYSVILLE       .  HOPPIN      .        .  BEIGHTLT  .       .        .        .472 

137.  GETTING  IN  HAY  FOR  A  SOLDIER'S  WIFE          .  FB.VN      .        .       .  N.  ORR    ....        474 

138.  THE  KEARNY  CROSS              ....  LUMLEY      .        .  RICHARDSON       .        .        .475 

139.  SUBSCRIBERS  TO  THE  FUND  FOR  THE  RELIEF  j 

>  STEPHENS   .       .  RICHARDSON      .        .        .    477 
OF  FAMILIES  OF  POLICE  VOLUNTEERS         j 

140    TWENTY-INCH  GUN HEBRICK        .        .  N.  ORR    ....        479 

141.  FITZ  JAMES  O'BRIEN  .            .            .           .            .  A.  R.  WAUD           .  DAVIS     ....        480 

142.  THE  PATRIOT  ORPHAN  HOME  AT  FLUSHING  FENN  N.  ORB        ....     484 

143.  PA,  WHAT  ARE  YOU  GOING  TO  DOI           .           .  HOWARD        .        .  RICHAKDSOX   ...        487 

144.  THE  WIDOW  AND  ORPHAN            .           .           .  HENNESSY  .        .  BOBBETT  &  HOOPEB  .        .    4S9 

145.  A  TRIBUTE  TO  PRESIDENT  LINCOLN          .            .  NAST       .        .        .  DAVIS                  To  FACE    492 

146  LETTERING WILL.        .        .  N.  ORB   ....        493 

147.            "  "  "                                          507 


CONTENTS. 


CHAPTER    I. 

PAGE 

A  GLANCE  BACKWARD. — INDIVIDUAL  AID  RENDERED  TO  THE  ARMIES  DURING  THE  WAR 

OF  THE  REVOLUTION,         .        .        .        .' 15 

CHAPTER     II. 
MONEY  AND  MEN, .        .         .        .        .         .26 

CHAPTER    III. 
THE  EARLIER  AID  SOCIETIES,          ...........     70 

CHAPTER     IV. 
THE  UNITED  STATES  SANITARY  COMMISSION, 77 

CHAPTER    V. 
AID  SOCIETIES  AUXILIARY  TO  THE  SANITARY  COMMISSION, Ill 

CHAPTER    VI. 
SANITARY  FAIRS, 158 

CHAPTER    VII. 
THE  WESTERN  SANITARY  COMMISSION, 293 

CHAPTER     VIII. 
STATE  SANITARY  COMMISSIONS. — LOCAL  RELIEF  ASSOCIATIONS, 316 

CHAPTER    IX. 
THE  CHRISTIAN  COMMISSION, 336 


14  CONTENTS. 

CHAPTER    X. 
THE  NATIONAL  FREEDMEN'S  RELIEF  ASSOCIATION,          .         .         .         .         .         .         .  366 

CHAPTER    XI. 
INTERNATIONAL  RELIEF, 383 

CHAPTER    XII. 
AID  TO  EAST  TENNESSEE,        .         .         .         .         .         .         .        .         ,        .         .         .  387 

CHAPTER     XIII. 
THE  AMERICAN  UNION  COMMISSION, 407 

CHAPTER    XIV. 
THE  CHAMBERSBURG  AND  SAVANNAH  RELIEF  FUNDS, 412 

CHAPTER     XV. 
REFRESHMENT  SALOONS,  SUBSISTENCE  COMMITTEES,  SOLDIERS'  HOMES,  ETC. — THE   FIRE 

AMBULANCE  COMPANY  OF  PHILADELPHIA, 415 

CHAPTER    XVI. 
A  THANKSGIVING  DINNER  IN  THE  ARM"?  AND  NAVY, 431 

CHAPTER     XVII. 
THE  NATIONAL  SAILORS'  HOME, 440 

CHAPTER     XVIII. 
TESTIMONIALS  TO  DISTINGUISHED  COMMANDERS, 450 

CHAPTER     XIX. 

MISCELLANIES  :  VARIOUS  METHODS  OF  PROCURING   MEANS,  AND  VARIOUS  METHODS  OF 
APPLYING  THEM, 461 

CHAPTER     XX. 
SUMMARY,        . 493 

INDEX, 507 


CHAPTEK    I. 


A  GLANCE  BACKWARD. — INDIVIDUAL  AID   RENDERED   TO   THE  ARMIES  DURING 
THE   WAR   OF   THE   REVOLUTION. 


HAT  a  nation  may  feel  the  deepest  sympathy  with  its 
army,  assuredly  was  not  left  to  the  American  rebellion  to 
prove ;  but  it  certainly  was  reserved  to  our  day  to  show 
how  such  sympathy  may  be  rendered  active  and  profitable. 
The  troops  of  Hannibal  and  George  III.  may  have  felt  that  the  hearts  and 
prayers  of  their  countrymen  were  with  them,  but  it  is  not  likely  they  ever 
expected  from  them  any  other  aid.  The  Eoman  matron  placed  her  jewels 
upon  the  altar,  and  with  this  hasty  sacrifice  the  service  she  could  lend  her 
country  ended.  The  Carthaginian  women  cut  off  their  hair  and  twisted  it 
into  bow-strings — an  honorable  act,  but  one  that  was  perhaps  as  soon  repented 
of  as  done,  and  which  certainly  could  not  be  repeated  often  in  a  lifetime.  In 
other  wars,  a  man  once  wounded  was  as  the  beasts  that  perish.  Women  have 
from  time  to  time  appeared  upon  the  battle-field ;  but  their  office  was  not  to 
restore  with  oil  or  wine,  but  to  release  with  rosary  and  crucifix.  Within 


16  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

the  last  ten  years  we  have  seen  a  nation  send  forth  an  army  to  be  literally 
swept  away  by  disease,  and  we  have  seen  that  one  woman  only,  with  her 
attendants,  was  drawn  from  her  home  to  the  hospital  by  the  harrowing 
spectacle.  Now,  as  Americans  are  said  to  do  what  their  hands  find  to  do  in 
a  manner  always  original  and  generally  effective,  as  there  is  nothing  they 
abhor  so  much  as  the  beaten  track,  especially  when  that  track  is  strewn 
with  the  bones  of  other  nations'  failures,  it  is  the  purpose  of  these  pages  to 
show  that  they  have  made  war,  as  they  have  utilized  peace,  after  a  method 
peculiarly  their  own ;  that  those  whom  the  army  left  at  home  have  been  its 
doctors,  caterers,  and  ministers ;  that  almost  every  family  which  has  suffered 
the  son  and  brother  to  gird  on  the  knapsack,  has  placed  the  needle  and  the 
scissors  in  the  hands  of  the  daughter  and  mother ;  that  had  Florence  Nightin- 
gale been  an  American,  her  name,  honorable  and  saint-like  though  it  be,  would 
have  been  known  but  as  one  in  a  noble  sisterhood;  and  that  the  sacrifices 
made  by  those  who  have  made  them  at  all  have  not  been  the  romantic  impulse 
of  a  moment,  but  the  sustained,  patient  labor  of  years ;  not  the  abandonment 
of  personal  ornament  alone,  but  the  bidding  farewell  for  a  time  to  the 
comforts  of  home  and  the  allurements  of  wealth.  But,  before  entering  upon 
this  phase  of  our  history,  a  moment's  retrospective  glance  at  the  War  of  the 
Eevolution,  and  a  word  or  two  upon  the  sympathy  existing  in  "Washington's 
time  between  the  army  and  the  people,  will  not  be  out  of  place.  We  shall 
find  that  the  seeds  of  bounty  and  defence  fund,  of  aid  society  and  sanitary 
commission,  were  sown  in  a  fruitful  soil  as  early  as  1776. 

Five  or  six  years  before  this  time,  however,  the  women  of  the  country  had 
set  the  example  of  discouraging  the  importation  of  goods  from  abroad.  Re- 
trenchment was  naturally  the  first  measure  of  preparation  for  the  impending 
change  in  the  condition  of  the  colonies,  and  for  the  struggle  by  which  it  might 
be  attended.  The  newspapers  of  the  time  were  filled  with  incidents  of  the 
self-denial  of  women ;  and  the  following  homely  appeal  to  the  ladies  was 
evidently  made  by  one  of  their  sex : 


"  First,  then,  throw  aside  your  topknots  of  pride, 

Wear  none  but  your  own  country  linen ; 
Of  economy  boast,  let  your  pride  be  the  most 
To  show  clothes  of  your  own  make  and  spinning. 

"  What  if  homespun,  they  say,  is  not  quite  so  gay 

As  brocades,  yet  be  not  in  a  passion ; 
For  when  once  'tis  known  this  is  much  worn  in  town, 
One  and  all  will  cry  out,  'tis  the  fashion ! 


RETRENCHMENT.— TEA-DRINKING.  17 

"And  as  we  all  agree,  that  you'll  not  married  be 

To  such  as  will  wear  London  factory, 
But  at  first  sight  refuse — tell  'em  such  you  will  choose 
As  encourage  our  own  manufactory." 

This  allusion  to  what  was  the  fashion  in  the  cities,  perhaps  suits  revolu- 
tionary times  better  than  it  does  our  own.  The  effect  of  appeals  such  as 
these,  and  of  the  resolve  from  which  they  sprang,  was  marked,  and  has  no 
counterpart  in  our  day  whatever ;  the  imports  of  English  goods  into  American 
ports  decreased  from  £2,400,000  in  1768  to  £1,600,000  in  1769.  The  records 
are  unanimous  in  attributing  this  decline,  thirty-three  per  cent,  in  one  year,  to 
the  good  sense,  patriotism,  and  self-denial  of  the  women. 

In  a  letter  written  by  a  lady  of  Philadelphia  to  a  British  officer  in  Boston, 
late  in  1775,  the  following  passage  occurred : 

"  I  have  retrenched  every  superfluous  expense  in  my  table  and  family ; 
tea  I  have  not  drunk  since  last  Christmas,  nor  bought  a  new  cap  or  gown 
since  your  defeat  at  Lexington ;  and,  what  I  never  did  before,  I  have  learned 
to  knit,  and  am  now  making  stockings  of  American  wool  for  my  servants ; 
and  in  this  way  do  I  throw  in  my  mite  to  the  public  good.  I  know  this,  that 
as  free  I  can  die  but  once,  but  as  a  slave  I  shall  not  be  worthy  of  life.  I  have 
the  pleasure  to  assure  you  that  these  are  the  sentiments  of  all  my  sister 
Americans.  They  have  sacrificed  assemblies,  parties  of  pleasure,  tea-drinking, 
finery,  to  that  great  spirit  of  patriotism  that  actuates  all  degrees  of  people 
throughout  this  extensive  continent.  If  these  are  the  sentiments  of  females, 
what  must  glow  in  the  breasts  of  our  husbands,  brothers,  and  sons !" 

The  selfishness  of  those  who  could  not  find  it  in  their  souls  to  abstain 
from  any  indulgence,  was  thus  hit  off  in  a  communication  to  the  Pennsylvania 
Journal : 

"  The  PETITION  of  divers  OLD  WOMEN  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia  humbly 
showeth :  That  your  petitioners,  as  well  spinsters  as  married,  having  been 
long  accustomed  to  the  drinking  of  tea,  fear  it  will  be  utterly  impossible  for 
them  to  exhibit  so  much  patriotism  as  wholly  to  disuse  it.  Your  petitioners 
beg  leave  to  observe,  that  having  done  already  all  possible  harm  to  their 
nerves  and  health  with  this  delectable  herb,  they  shall  think  it  extremely 
hard  not  to  enjoy  it  for  the  remainder  of  their  lives.  Your  petitioners  would 
further  represent,  that  coffee  and  chocolate,  or  any  other  substitute  hitherto 
proposed,  they  humbly  apprehend,  from  their  heaviness,  must  destroy  that 
brilliancy  of  fancy  and  fluency  of  expression  usually  found  at  tea-tables,  when 
they  are  handling  the  conduct  or  character  of  their  absent  acquaintances. 


18  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Your  petitioners  are  also  informed  there  are  several  old  women  of  the  other 
sex  laboring  under  the  like  difficulties,  who  apprehend  the  above  restriction 
will  be  wholly  insupportable ;  and  that  it  is  a  sacrifice  infinitely  too  great  to 
be  made  to  save  the  lives,  liberties,  and  privileges  of  any  country  whatever. 
Your  petitioners  only  pray  for  an  indulgence  to  those  spinsters  whom  age  or 
ugliness  has  rendered  desperate  in  the  expectation  of  husbands ;  to  those  of 
the  married,  whose  infirmities  and  ill-behavior  have  made  their  husbands  long 
since  tired  of  them ;  and  to  those  old  women  of  the  male  gender  who  will  most 
naturally  be  found  in  such  company.  And  your  petitioners,  as  in  duty  bound, 
will  ever  pray." 

Thus  those  who  did  drink  tea  were  ridiculed,  and  the  following  lines 
show  that  those  who  did  not  were  threatened  : 

"  O  Boston  wives  and  maids,  draw  near  and  see 
Our  delicate  Souchong  and  Hyson  tea. 
Buy  it,  my  charming  girls,  fair,  black,  and  brown  •, 
If  not,  we'll  cut  your  throats  and  burn  your  town." 

But  something  more  than  self-denial  was  now  required.  The  follow- 
ing appeal  was  posted  in  the  streets  of  Philadelphia  on  the  9th  of  August. 
1775: 

"  To  the  spinners  in  this  city,  the  suburbs,  and  country :  Your  services 
are  now  wanted  to  promote  the  AMERICAN  MANUFACTORY,  at  the  corner  of 
Market  and  Ninth  streets,  where  cotton,  wool,  flax,  &c.,  are  delivered  out. 
Strangers,  who  apply,  are  desired  to  bring  a  few  lines,  by  way  of  recom- 
mendation, from  some  respectable  person  in  their  neighborhood." 

Upon  this  appeal,  the  Pennsylvania  Journal  made  the  following  com- 
ments : 

"  One  distinguishing  characteristic  of  an  excellent  woman,  as  given  by  the 
wisest  of  men,  is,  '  That  she  seeketh  wool  and  flax,  and  worketh  willingly 
with  her  hands  to  the  spindle,  and  her  hands  hold  the  distaff.'  In  this  time 
of  public  distress,  you  have  now,  each  of  you,  an  opportunity  not  only  to  help 
to  sustain  your  families,  but  likewise  to  cast  your  mite  into  the  treasury  of 
the  public  good.  The  most  feeble  effort  to  help  to  save  the  state  from  ruin, 
when  it  is  all  you  can  do,  is,  as  the  widow's  mite,  entitled  to  the  same  reward 
as  they  who,  of  their  abundant  abilities,  have  cast  in  much." 

The  New  York  Gazette,  of  July  29th,  1776,  chronicled  the  marriage  of  a 
Mr.  Flint  with  a  Miss  Slate,  declaring  them  to  be  an  agreeable  and  happy 
pair,  and  added : 


VALLEY  FORGE.  19 

"  What  deserves  the  public  notice,  and  may  serve  to  encourage  the  manu- 
factures of  this  country,  is,  that  the  entertainment,  though  served  up  with 
good  wine  and  other  spirituous  liquors,  was  the  production  of  their  fields  and 
fruit-gardens,  assisted  alone  by  a  neighboring  grove  of  spontaneous  maples. 
The  bride  and  her  two  sisters  appeared  in  very  genteel-like  gowns,  and  others 
of  the  family  in  handsome  apparel,  with  sundry  silk  handkerchiefs,  &c., 
entirely  of  their  own  manufacture." 

Smythe's  Diary,  of  March  1st,  1777,  contained  the  following  squib : 

"A  deserter  from  the  rebel  army  at  Westchester,  who  came  into  New 
York  this  morning,  says  that  the  Congress  troops  are  suffering  extremely  for 
food  and  rum ;  that  there  is  not  a  whole  pair  of  breeches  in  the  army ;  and 
that  the  last  news  from  Mr.  Washington's  camp  was,  that  he  had  to  tie  his  up 
with  strings,  having  parted  with  the  buttons  to  buy  the  necessaries  of  life. 
At  a  frugal  dinner  lately  given  by  the  under  officers  in  Heath's  command, 
but  seven  were  able  to  attend ;  some  for  the  want  of  clean  linen,  but  the  most 
of  them  from  having  none  other  than  breeches  past  recovery." 

Washington's  army  retired,  in  the  winter  of  1777,  to  Valley  Forge ;  its 
sufferings  here  were  so  great  that  the  Commander-in-Chief  was  forced  to  make 
a  requisition  upon  the  people  for  supplies  and  clothing.  The  neglect  of  some 
of  the  people  of  Jersey  and  Pennsylvania  to  furnish  the  portion  required  of 
them  excited  much  comment.  The  New  Jersey  Gazette,  of  December  31st, 
contained  the  following  suggestion,  written  by  Governor  William  Livingston, 
and  signed  "  Hortentius :" 

"  I  am  afraid  that  while  we  are  employed  in  furnishing  our  battalions  with 
clothing,  we  forget  the  county  of  Bergen,  which  alone  is  sufficient  amply  to 
provide  them  with  winter  waistcoats  and  breeches,  from  the  redundance  and 
superfluity  of  certain  woollen  habits,  which  are  at  present  applied  to  no  kind 
of  use  whatsoever.  It  is  well  known  that  the  rural  ladies  in  that  part  of  New 
Jersey  pride  themselves  in  an  incredible  number  of  petticoats,  which,  like 
house  furniture,  are  displayed  by  way  of  ostentation,  for  many  years  before 
they  are  decreed  to  invest  the  fair  bodies  of  the  proprietors.  Till  that  period 
they  are  never  worn,  but  neatly  piled  up  on  each  side  of  an  immense  escritoire, 
the  top  of  which  is  decorated  with  a  most  capacious  brass-clasped  Bible,  seldom 
read.  What  I  would,  therefore,  humbly  propose  to  our  superiors  is,  to  make 
prize  of  these  future  female  habiliments,  and,  after  proper  transformation, 
immediately  apply  them  to  screen  from  the  inclemencies  of  the  weather  those 
gallant  males  who  are  now  fighting  for  the  liberties  of  their  country.  And  to 
clear  this  measure  from  every  imputation  of  injustice,  I  have  only  to  observe, 


20 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


VALLEY  FORGE. 


that  the  generality  of  women  in  that  county  having  for  above  a  century  worn 
the  breeches,  it  is  highly  reasonable  that  the  men  should  now,  and  especially 
upon  so  important  an  occasion,  make  booty  of  the  petticoats." 

The  condition  of  Washington's  army,  in  the  winter  of  1779-80,  is  thus 
described  in  "Thatcher's  Journal,"  of  January  1st: 

"  The  sufferings  of  the  poor  soldiers  can  scarcely  be  described ;  at  night 
they  have  a  bed  of  straw  upon  the  ground,  and  a  single  blanket  to  each  man ; 
they  are  badly  clad,  and  some  are  destitute  of  shoes.  The  snow  is  from  five 
to  six  feet  deep,  which  so  obstructs  the  roads  as  to  prevent  our  receiving  a 
supply  of  provisions.  We  are  frequently  for  six  or  eight  days  destitute  of 


AID  FROM  NEW  JERSEY.  21 

meat,  and  then  as  long  without  bread.  It  is  well  known  that  General  "Wash- 
ington experiences  the  greatest  solicitude  for  his  army,  and  is  sensible  that 
they  in  general  conduct  with  heroic  patience  and  fortitude.  His  Excellency, 
it  is  understood,  despairing  of  supplies  from  the  commissary-general,  has  made 
application  to  the  magistrates  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey  for  assistance  in 
procuring  provisions.  This  expedient  has  been  attended  with  the  happiest 
success.  It  is  honorable  to  the  magistrates  as  well  as  to  the  people  of 
Jersey  that  they  have  cheerfully  complied  with  the  requisition,  and  furnished 
for  the  present  an  ample  supply,  and  have  thus  probably  saved  the  army  from 
destruction." 

The  ladies  of  Trenton,  New  Jersey,  met,  in  emulation  of  the  example  of 
other  portions  of  the  state,  on  the  4th  of  July,  1780,  for  the  purpose  of 
promoting  a  subscription  for  the  relief  and  encouragement  of  the  Continental 
Army.  Taking  into  consideration  the  scattered  situation  of  the  well  disposed 
throughout  the  State,  and  for  their  convenience,  they  unanimously  appointed 
Mrs.  Cox,  Mrs.  Dickinson,  Mrs.  Furman,  and  Miss  Cadwallader  a  committee, 
whose  duty  it  should  be  immediately  to  open  subscriptions,  with  ladies  to  be 
thereafter  named,  requesting  their  aid  and  influence  in  the  several  districts. 
Some  fifty  ladies  were  then  chosen — such  as  Mrs.  Counsellor  Condict,  Mrs. 
Colonel  Scudder,  Mrs.  Parson  Jones,  Mrs.  Peter  Cov.enhoven,  Mrs.  Governor 
Livingston,  Mrs.  Doctor  Burnet,  Mrs.  Colonel  Hugg — "whose  well  known 
patriotism,"  said  the  gazette  chronicling  the  movement,  "leaves  no  room  to 
doubt  of  their  best  exertions  in  a  cause  so  humane  and  praiseworthy ;  and 
that  they  will  be  happy  in  forwarding  the  amount  of  their  several  collections, 
either  with  or  without  the  names  of  the  donors,  which  will  be  immediately 
transmitted  by  Mrs.  Moore  Furman,  who  is  hereby  appointed  treasurer,  to  be 
disposed  of  by  the  Commander-in-Chief  according  to  the  general  plan." 

In  November,  1780,  the  ladies  of  Philadelphia  made  a  systematic  effort 
in  behalf  of  the  army.  An  article  published  in  the  newspapers  of  the  day, 
signed  "  An  American  Woman,"  exerted  a  powerful  influence.  From  this 
appeal  we  take  the  following  passage : 

"  If  I  live  happy  in  the  midst  of  my  family ;  if  my  husband  cultivates  his 
field  and  reaps  his  harvest  in  peace ;  if,  surrounded  by  my  children,  I  myself 
nourish  the  youngest  and  press  it  to  my  bosom ;  if  the  house  in  which  we 
dwell,  our  farms,  our  orchards,  are  safe  from  the  hands  of  the  incendiary,  it  is 
to  you,  brave  Americans,  that  we  owe  it.  And  shall  we  hesitate  to  evidence 
to  you  our  gratitude  ?  Shall  we  hesitate  to  wear  a  clothing  more  simple,  hair 
dressed  less  elegantly,  when,  at  the  price  of  this  small  privation,  we  shall 


22  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

deserve  your  benedictions?  Who  among  us  will  not  renounce  with  the 
highest  pleasure  those  vain  ornaments  ?  The  time  is  arrived  to  display  the 
same  sentiments  which  animated  us  at  the  beginning  of  the  Eevolution,  when 
we  renounced  the  use  of  teas,  however  agreeable  to  our  taste,  rather  than 
receive  them  from  our  persecutors ;  when  our  republican  and  laborious  hands 
spun  the  flax  and  prepared  the  linen  intended  for  the  use  of  the  soldiers  ; 
when,  exiles  and  fugitives,  we  supported  with  courage  all  the  evils  which  are 
the  concomitants  of  war.  Let  us  not  lose  a  moment ;  let  us  all  be  engaged  to 
offer  the  homage  of  our  gratitude  at  the  altar  of  military  valor." 


LADIES    OF    PHILADELPHIA    WORKING    FOB   WASHINGTON'S    AEMT. 

The  women  of  Philadelphia,  assembling  at  this  inspiring  call,  divided  the 
city  into  districts,  and  then,  apportioning  the  labor,  visited  every  house  and 
received  its  contribution.  The  total  amount  of  these  collections  is  given 
in  the  records  of  the  time  as  $300,766,  in  currency.  Those  who  could 
give  supplies  more  conveniently  than  money  did  so,  and  one  item  of  two 
thousand  one  hundred  and  seven  shirts  is  mentioned  as  having  been  made 


AID  FROM  PHILADELPHIA. 


23 


by  nimble  Philadelphia  fingers.  "Such  free-will  offerings,"  exclaimed  the 
gallant  Thatcher,  "  are  examples  truly  worthy  of  imitation,  and  ought  to  be 
recorded  to  the  honor  of  American  ladies." 

The  spirit  of  emulation  was  soon  kindled  in  the  neighboring  State  of 
Maryland.  Mrs.  Lee,  wife  of  his  Excellency  the  Governor,  wrote  to  ladies 
residing  in  different  portions  of  the  state,  begging  them  to  act  as  treasurers 
in  their  respective  districts.  Baltimore  soon  responded  with  six  hundred 
shirts,  and  the  county  of  Dorset  with  thirty  pounds  in  specie.  Annapolis 
sent  in  over  sixteen  thousand  dollars,  some  ladies  giving  two,  some  five,  and 
some  twenty  guineas  in  coin.  Here,  plainly,  is  the  suggestion  of  the  Aid 
Society  and  Eelief  Association  of  1861. 

But,  in  spite  of  all  that  had  been  done,  the  army  was  in  actual  danger  of 
dissolution  for  want  of  provisions  to  keep  it  together.  In  this  emergency,  a 
number  of  patriotic  gentlemen  in  Philadelphia  signed  bonds  to  the  amount 
of  two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  pounds,  in  coin,  for  procuring  supplies. 
Food  and  clothing  were  thus  obtained ;  and  it  is  perhaps  not  too  much  to 
say,  that  without  this  act  of  munificence  American  independence  would 
not  have  been  achieved.  There  is  probably  no  other  example  in  history  of 
results  so  tremendous  flowing  from  spontaneous,  individual  contributions  to 
a  cause.  We  give  a  portion  of  the  names ;  and  the  reader  will  see,  as  he 
progresses  in  the  record  of  Philadelphia  generosity,  that  the  descendants 
of  those  who  signed  bonds  in  1780  have  signed  many  similar  papers  in 
1861-5  : 


Eobert  Morris £10,000 

B.  McOlennigan 10,000 

A.  Bunner  &  Co 6,000 

Zouch  Francis 5,500 

James  Wilson 5,000 

Wm.  Bingham 5,000 

Richard  Peters 5,000 

Samuel  Meredith 5,000 

James  Meare 5,000 

Thomas  Barclay. .    5,000 

Samuel  Morris,  Jr 5,000 

Robert  Hooper 5,000 

Hugh  Shields 5,000 

Philip  Moore 5,000 

Matthew  Irwin 5,000 

John  Benzet 5,000 

Henry  Hill 5,000 

John  Morgan 5,000 

Thomas  Willing 5,000 


Samuel  Powell £5,000 

John  Nixson 5,000 

Robert  Bridge 4,000 

John  Dunlap 4,000 

Wm.  Coates 4,000 

Emanuel  Eyre 4,000 

James  Bodden 4,000 

John  Mease 4,000 

Joseph  Carson 4,000 

Thomas  Leiper 4,000 

Kean  &  Nichols 4,000 

Samuel  Morris 3,000 

Isaac  Moses 3,000 

Chas.  Thompson 3,000 

John  Pringle 3,000 

Samuel  Mills 3,000 

Cad.  Morris 2,500 

Matt.  Clarkson 2,500 

Joseph  Reed 2,000 


24  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Benjamin  Rush £2,000            John  Bullock £2,000 

Owen  Biddle 2,000  Twenty-seven  subscriptions  of 

John  Mitchell 2,000                £2,000  each 54,000 

Robert  Knox 2,000  Nine  subscriptions  of  £1,000 

John  Wharton 2,000                each 9,000 


Total £250,500 

Notwithstanding  this  munificent  tribute,  and  the  momentous  consequences 
it  produced,  encomiums  seem  to  have  been  exclusively  lavished  upon  the 
women,  and  General  Washington  led  the  chorus.  In  a  letter  of  acknowledg- 
ment to  a  committee  of  ladies,  he  wrote  : 

"  The  army  ought  not  to  regret  its  sacrifices  or  its  sufferings,  when  they 
meet  with  so  flattering  a  reward  as  in  the  sympathy  of  your  sex  ;  nor  can  it 
fear  that  its  interests  will  be  neglected,  when  espoused  by  advocates  as  power- 
ful as  they  are  amiable." 

An  officer  wrote  from  camp  : 

"  The  patriotism  of  the  women  of  your  city  is  a  subject  of  conversation 
with  the  army.  Had  I  poetical  genius  I  would  sit  down  and  write  an  ode  in 
praise  of  it.  Burgoyne,  who,  on  his  first  coming  to  America,  boasted  that  he 
would  dance  with  the  ladies  and  coax  the  men  into  submission,  must  now 
have  a  better  understanding  of  the  good  sense  and  public  spirit  of  our  females, 
as  he  has  already  had  of  the  fortitude  and  inflexible  temper  of  our  men." 

"It  is  needless,"  says  the  Pennsylvania  Packet,  "  to  repeat  the  encomiums 
that  have  been  already  given  to  the  females  for  their  exertions.  Every  Whig 
mind  must  be  sensible  that  they  deserve  the  highest  praise.  The  women 
of  every  part  of  the  globe  are  under  obligations  to  those  of  America,  for  having 
shown  that  females  are  capable  of  the  highest  political  virtue.  We  cannot 
help  imagining  what  some  learned  and  elegant  historian,  the  Hume  of  the 
future  America,  when  he  comes  to  write  the  affairs  of  these  times,  will  say  on 
the  subject.  In  a  history,  which  we  may  suppose  to  be  published  about  the 
year  1820,  may  be  found  a  paragraph  to  the  following  purpose  : 

" '  The  treasury  was  now  exhausted,  and  the  army  in  want  of  the  neces- 
saries of  life  and  clothing,  when  the  women  gave  a  respite  to  our  affairs  by 
one  of  those  exertions  which  will  forever  do  honor  to  the  sex.  In  the  state 
of  simplicity  and  plainness  in  which  our  country  then  was,  they  had  not 
ear-rings  and  bracelets  to  give,  in  imitation  of  the  Eoman  ladies  on  a  like 
occasion ;  but  they  presented  gold  and  silver,  and  what  share  of  the  paper 
money  had  come  into  their  hands.  This  was  laid  out  in  linens,  and  shirts 
were  made  by  their  hands  for  the  use  of  the  soldiery. 


PATRIOTISM  OF  WOMEN.  25 

"'Mrs.  Reed,  of  Pennsylvania,  the  lady  of  the  then  President,  a  most 
amiable  woman,  was  the  first  to  patronize  the  measure.  Mrs.  Lee,  of  Mary- 
land, lady  of  the  Governor  of  that  state,  a  woman  of  excellent  accomplish- 
ments, was,  in  her  state,  the  next  to  receive  the  patriotic  flame  and  give  it 
popularity  among  her  sex. 

"  '  Mrs.  Washington,  of  Virginia,  lady  of  his  Excellency  the  Commander- 
in-Chief,  was  equally  favoring  to  it  in  her  state.  The  Jerseys  had  been 
already  warmed  by  the  example  of  the  virtue  of  Pennsylvania,  and  the 
females  of  that  state,  &c.,  &c.,  &c.' " 

A  verse  or  two  from  the  lyrics  of  the  day  will  fitly  conclude  this  chain 
of  panegyric : 

"OUK    WOMEN. 

"  Accept  the  tribute  of  our  warmest  praise, 
The  soldier's  blessing  and  the  patriot's  bays ! 
For  Fame's  first  plaudit  we  no  more  contest, 
Constrain'd  to  own  it  decks  the  female  breast. 


"Then  Freedom's  ensign,  thus  inscrib'd,  shall  wave, 
'  The  patriot  females  who  their  country  save;' 
Till  time's  abyss,  absorb'd  in  heavenly  lays, 
Shall  flow  in  your  eternity  of  praise." 

We  have  made  these  brief  extracts  from  the  chronicles  of  the  day,  to 
show  that,  even  three  quarters  of  a  century  ago,  the  impoverished  resources 
of  the  state  were  eked  out  from  the  means  and  purses  of  individuals ;  and, 
descending  from  their  time  to  ours,  to  provoke  a  comparison  between  what 
was  done  by  the  nation  in  its  manhood  and  in  its  day  of  small  things. 


CHAPTEE    II. 

MONEY  AND   MEN. 


THE    FIRST   SUBSCRIPTION. 


HE  iruvjestic  spectacle  of  a  nation  flying  to  arms  was 
offered  to  the  world  in  America,  in  the  month  of  April, 
1861,  under  unusual  conditions.  Yast  as  was  the  ex- 
panse of  territory  involved  in  the  question  at  issue, 
widely  separated  as  were  the  points  that  were  called 
upon  to  bear  their  share  of  the  common  burden  and  to 
offer  up  their  sacrifices  upon  a  common  altar,  all  sense  of  time  and  distance, 
all  waiting  for  the  effect  to  follow  the  cause,  were  lost  or  forgotten  in  the 
operations  of  an  invention,  which,  though  no  longer  a  novelty  or  a  marvel, 
had  never  played  such  a  part  before.  Stage-coaches  carried  the  lingering  mail 
that  apprised  the  Americans  of  1775  of  the  injustice  and  oppression  of  the 
mother  country ;  while  the  Massachusetts  militia  were  fighting  at  Lexington, 


AN  ARMY   IN  RESERVE.  27 

the  citizens  of  Philadelphia  were  deprecating  bloodshed.  Forty  years  later, 
a  sanguinary  battle  was  fought  after  peace  was  declared,  and  men  heard 
first  of  the  fight  or  the  treaty,  according  as  they  were  nearer  to  New  Orleans 
or  New  York.  But  in  1861  the  telegraph  brought  the  whole  country  into 
presence,  and  the  nation  stood  forth,  literally,  acting  as  one  man,  and  visible, 
incarnated  in  one  thought,  before  itself  and  in  the  gaze  of  all  mankind.  Vil- 
lages in  the  heart  of  the  land  counted  the  guns  as  they  were  fired  at  Sumter, 
and  the  burning  of  the  barracks  was  lamented  in  the  valleys  and  in  the 
mountains,  not  as  a  calamity  of  yesterday,  but  as  a  sore  distress  of  to-day. 
The  newspapers  of  the  15th  of  April  were  no  local  chronicles ;  true,  the  Moss- 
side  Gazette  told  what  was  thought  and  done  at  Moss-side,  but  it  also  told 
what  had  been  lost  at  Charleston,  what  had  been  sworn  at  the  capital,  who 
had  enlisted  in  Bath,  and  what  was  pledged  in  Hull,  how  the  glove  dropped 
on  Sullivan's  Island  had  been  picked  up  by  the  Briarean  arm  of  twenty  states, 
how  the  New  England  village,  the  prairie  settlement,  and  the  Atlantic  seaport 
had  severally  welcomed  the  ordeal.  As  if  a  mirage  had  lifted  the  regions 
below  the  horizon  into  sight,  and  they  had  been  set  upon  a  hill  that  the 
whole  people  might  see  them,  so  did  the  electric  wire,  summoning  an  audience 
of  the  country,  set  before  it,  from  the  sea  to  the  Father  of  Waters,  the  brief 
story  of  treason ;  the  whole  people  were  warned  of  the  now  accomplished 
rebellion,  while  the  mail  of  other  days  would  have  travelled  a  league. 

With  but  one  phase  of  the  splendid  unanimity  which  was  the  character- 
istic of  the  times,  we  have,  in  these  chronicles,  to  deal.  Others  will  narrate 
the  terrible  story  of  those  who  went  to  the  wars ;  it  is  our  humble  province  to 
collect  the  less  stirring  records  of  those  who  stayed  behind.  We  shall  have  to 
show  that,  in  spite  of  all  denials  on  the  part  of  merely  military  men,  there  was, 
in  reality,  an  army  in  reserve :  and  that  this  army,  though  not  furnishing 
re-enforcements,  precisely,  provided  what  was  often  as  good — aid,  comfort, 
succor,  sympathy ;  joining  faith  with  works,  it  labored  and  prayed.  The  im- 
pulse that  sent  one  man  into  the  ranks,  was  essentially  the  same  as  that 
impelling  another  who  could  not  go  to  aid  those  who  did.  All  were  alike 
drawn  to  make  some  sacrifice,  one  of  his  person,  perhaps  his  life,  another  of 
his  goods,  perhaps  his  hoards.  Here  and  there  a  man  able  to  go  was  also  able 
to  give  ;  witness  the  Ehode  Island  millionaire,  who  enlisted  as  a  private  and 
paid  the  outfit  of  his  comrades ;  witness  the  Connecticut  farmers,  who  not  only 
went  themselves,  but  took  their  hired  men  with  them.  That  the  two  impulses 
were  the  same  is  shown  conclusively  by  the  course  of  events  in  California. 
The  distance  of  that  state  from  the  scene,  and  the  consequent  expense  of 


28  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

transportation  incapacitating  her  from  furnishing  soldiers,  it  would  be  reason- 
able to  expect  her  to  assume  a  double  share  of  the  voluntary  burden,  and 
this  is  precisely  what  she  has  done.  Furnishing  few  men,  she  has  provided 
money ;  not  being  called  upon  for  the  muscle,  she  has  sent  the  sinews,  of  war. 
We  do  not  mean  to  impugn  the  generosity  or  liberal  public  spirit  of  the 
people  of  California — far  from  it :  we  only  mean  that  having  but  one  vent  for 
her  pent-up  wrath,  that  one  outlet  has  given  her  as  much  relief  as  if  she  had 
had  two,  and  had  used  them  both.  Called  upon  for  no  quota,  she  has  sent,  or 
will  send,  if  asked,  a  quantum  sufficit.  Had  she  been  summoned  to  furnish 
thirty  thousand  men,  her  bounty  would  have  found  other  channels  than  those 
in  which  it  has  flowed.  Therefore,  the  two  actions  are  one,  and  this  record 
of  what  they  did  who  stayed  behind,  is  twin  to  that  of  those  who  shouldered 
the  musket.  Leaving  to  be  considered  in  another  place  all  movements  looking 
to  the  preservation  of  health  in  the  army,  and  the  proper  treatment  of  the 
sick,  we  examine  here  the  other  two  phases  of  the  voluntary  action  of  the 
people — the  effort  to  promote  enlistments,  and  the  measures  taken  to  aid  the 
families  of  volunteers. 

The  city  of  Lowell,  Massachusetts,  claims  to  have  set  so  many  honorable 
examples  to  the  country  in  the  month  of  April,  1861,  that  it  is  well  to 
consider  them  in  this  connection.  The  following  things  it  is  asserted  that 
Lowell  was  the  first  to  do  :  the  first  to  send  forth  a  regiment  to  the  defence 
of  Washington  ;  the  first  to  shed  the  blood  of  traitors  who  sought  to  bar  the 
way  ;  the  first  to  offer  a  sacrifice  of  her  sons  upon  the  altar  of  the  country  ;  the 
first  to  set  on  foot  individual  subscriptions  in  behalf  of  the  soldiers  ;  the  first 
to  form  a  Soldiers'  Aid  Society,  and  the  first  to  hold  a  Sanitary  Fair.  It 
would  be  glory  enough  for  Lowell  if  she  could  substantiate  her  claim  to  but 
one  of  these  honorable  positions ;  but  against  her  holding  all  six  of  them, 
Charlestown  and  New  York  enter  a  formal  protest.  That  the  Massachusetts 
Sixth,  a  Lowell  regiment,  was  the  first  in  the  field,  and  that  in  its  collision 
with  the  mob  in  Baltimore  the  first  blood  on  either  side  was  spilled,  are  mat- 
ters of  history ;  that  Lowell  held  a  Sanitary  Fair  as  early  as  January,  1863, 
can  be  readily  shown  ;  but  the  other  two  claims  are  not  so  easily  justified. 
What  is  urged  in  their  defence  may  be  briefly  stated  thus  : 

The  President's  requisition  for  troops  reached  Lowell  on  the  afternoon  of 
the  15th  of  April,  and  the  next  morning,  at  nine  o'clock,  the  companies  com- 
posing the  Sixth  Eegiment  began  to  arrive  at  the  station.  A  public  meeting 
of  citizens  was  held,  and  the  troops  were  addressed  by  Mayor  Sargeant  and 
others.  The  regiment  left  at  noon  for  Boston.  Two  days  after,  on  the  18th, 


WHO  WAS  FIRST? 


29 


Judge  Crosby,  a  distinguished  resident  of  the  city,  fearing  that,  through  haste 
and  inexperience,  the  men  would  find  many  of  their  necessary  wants  unsup- 
plied,  sent  a  note  to  the  mayor,  inclosing  his  check  for  one  hundred  dollars, 
with  a  request  that  the  money  might  be  at  once  sent  to  the  paymaster,  for  the 
account  of  the  regiment.  Judge  Crosby  also  suggested  the  formation  of  a 
society  "  to  furnish  paymasters  with  money  and  such  supplies  for  the  sick  and 
wounded  in  camp  as  rations  and  medicine-chests  cannot  provide."  The 
mayor  laid  the  matter  before  the  City  Council  that  evening,  and  took  up  a 
subscription  as  suggested — five  hundred  dollars,  besides  Judge  Crosby's  one 
hundred,  being  thus  obtained.  This  was  the  18th,  and  this  is  Lowell's  claim. 
Unfortunately — or  rather  fortunately,  that  the  City  of  Spindles  may  not  mo- 
nopolize the  honors — a  subscription  started  to  set  the  Seventh  New  York 
promptly  in  the  field,  on  the  17th,  stood  thus  at  nightfall,  and  was  afterwards 
increased ; 

NATIONAL   GUARD. 

The  undersigned  agree  to  pay  the  sums  set  opposite  our  names  for  the  Seventh  Regi- 
ment, to  enable  them  to  place  themselves  in  the  position  of  service  and  defence  : 


Moses  H.  Grinnell $100 

George  B.  De  Forest 100 

L.  B.  Cannon 100 

E.  Minturn 100 

S.  B.  Chittenden 100 

Moses  Taylor 100 

Theodore  Dehon 100 

Ogden  Haggerty 100 

Wm.  M.  Evarts 100 

G.  S.  Robbins 100 

George  Griswold 100 

John  A.  Stevens 100 

James  Gallatin 100 

E.  Walker  &  Sons 100 

H.  E.  Durham 100 

Hamilton   Fish 100 

Total.. 


Robert  B.  Minturn $100 

C.  R.  Robert 100 

Royal  Phelps 100 

Charles  H.  Russell 100 

W.  D.  F.  Manice 100 

George  W.  Blunt 100 

James  H.  Titus 100 

William  Curtis  Noyes 100 

Shepherd  Knapp 100 

Charles  H.  Marshall 100 

A.  V.  Stout 100 

S.  Wetmore 100 

R.  M.  Blatchford 100 

Thomas  Addis  Emmett 100 

John  A.  0.  Gray 100 


.$3,100 


A  careful  examination  of  all  the  facts  would  seem  to  show  that  the  above 
was  indeed  the  first  subscription  list  in  point  of  date,  to  which  the  rebellion 
gave  birth  ;  and  if  the  names,  as  printed,  are  in  the  order  in  which  they  were 
signed,  as  they  doubtless  are,  the  interesting  question  of  priority  is  easily 
settled. 

In  respect  to  the  claim  of  Lowell,  that  the  first  Soldiers'  Aid  Society  was 
organized  in  that  city,  it  may  be  merely  stated  here,  leaving  the  details  to  a 


30  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK 

future  chapter,  that  the  Bunker  Hill  Society  of  Charlestown  also  makes  the 
claim,  and,  we  think,  with  stronger  proofs. 

It  was  in  this  manner  that  the  voluntary  giving  of  money  commenced.  To 
put  the  troops  in  the  field  was  of  course  the  first  necessity,  and  as  money  was 
needed  immediately,  money  given  was  more  useful  than  money  appropriated. 
Within  ten  days  from  the  President's  call,  nearly  every  town  in  the  loyal 
states  had  held  its  public  meeting  and  had  set  on  foot  a  war  fund,  raised  by 
private  contributions.  Large  sums  were  voted  by  legislatures,  councils,  and 
other  representative  bodies ;  but  the  sums  which  form  our  subject  were  those 
which  were  freely  given,  beyond  and  outside  of  all  appropriations.  Sums 
appropriated  have  been,  or  are  to  be,  refunded  by  the  government,  and  thus 
go  to  swell  the  national  debt;  of  those  considered  here  the  givers  desire  no  re- 
imbursement 

The  President  had  called  for  seventy-five  thousand  men,  to  serve  for  three 
months,  and  these  were  to  consist  of  the  militia  organizations  already  in  exist- 
ence. Few  of  them  were  full,  but  each  was  a  nucleus  upon  which  to  build 
the  minimum  or  maximum.  The  first  expenses  to  be  met  were  those  con- 
nected with  recruiting,  while  the  wants  of  the  newly  enlisted  men — often  five 
hundred  in  a  regiment — required  large  sums  to  meet  them.  Many  recruits, 
especially  in  city  regiments,  found  their  own  outfits ;  those  unable  to  do  so, 
and  who  had  nothing  to  give  but  their  services,  found  in  the  regimental  fund 
the  means  of  obtaining  the  proper  clothing  and  accessories.  In  the  country, 
where  a  regimental  district  often  sent  but  one  regiment,  the  bounty  of  the 
people  could  follow  but  one  channel ;  but  in  the  cities,  where  several  regiments 
were  to  be  fitted  out,  each  giver  could  choose  what  direction  his  gift  should 
take ;  a  patron  of  the  Fifth  would  subscribe  to  the  fund  of  the  Fifth,  while 
he  whose  sympathies  were  with  the  Eighth  would  signify  it  by  his  acts  ;  those 
who  had  no  preference  and  looked  upon  all  alike,  aided  all  alike,  if  Providence 
had  but  blessed  their  store.  The  Frenchman  resident  in  New  York  would 
naturally,  if  he  had  either  sympathy  or  specie  to  spare,  bestow  them  upon  the 
Fifty-fifth.  The  Irishman's  interest,  as  well  as  his  offering,  would  be  the 
portion  of  the  Sixty-ninth  ;  and  the  canny  Scotchman,  opening  his  purse  and 
his  heart  to  the  Highlanders,  would  endow  the  Seventy -ninth.  Eivalry  and 
favoritism  played  a  useful  part,  and  many  city  regiments,  their  subscription 
fund  well  filled,  departed  with  a  muster-roll  correspondingly  replete.  The 
whole  country  gave  heartily,  lavishly,  and,  what  is  better,  sufficiently ;  as  long 
as  money  was  wanted,  it  was  readily  obtained ;  and  when  the  three  months' 
regiments  were  dispatched,  and  the  raising  of  others  to  serve  for  two  and  three 


THE  EARLY  OFFERINGS.  31 

years  was  commenced,  the  country  still  gave,  not  with  diminished,  but  with 
augmented  zeal ;  and  while  legislators  appropriated  and  select-men  taxed, 
private  citizens  plied  check-book  and  purse  as  cheerily  as  ever,  and  soldiers' 
money  was  always  to  be  had  for  the  asking. 

Those  who  could  not  give  money,  made  contributions  in  kind.  Here  a 
dealer  in  tinware  offered  to  equip  a  company  or  two  with  cup  and  plate ;  there 
an  artificer  in  leather  proposed  to  furnish  visors,  straps,  and  belts  for  a  cer- 
tain number  of  suits.  A  Jersey  City  patriot,  Mr.  Jesse  Wandel,  gave  a  meal 
to  ninety -three  horses  of  Khode  Island  artillery  and  made  no  charge.  Trades- 
men persuaded  their  clerks  to  enlist,  promising  to  continue  their  salary  and 
keep  their  places.  The  owners  of  large  unoccupied  buildings  besought  regi- 
ments to  use  them  as  drill-rooms  and  to  pay  no  rent.  Dealers  in  mattresses 
furnished  bedding ;  manufacturers  of  the  weed  supplied  tobacco  for  regimental 
and  company  use ;  druggists  contributed  of  their  stock  to  medicine-chest  and 
surgical  table.  Mr.  J.  W.  Farmer,  of  New  York,  spread  his  famous  Ludlow- 
street  board  for  men  in  uniform ;  he  afterwards  sent  a  ton  of  sugar-plums  to 
Fortress  Monroe,  and  gave  the  garrison  a  spoonful  each.  Later,  again,  he 
distributed  thirty  barrels  of  tobacco  to  the  army  of  Virginia.  A  gentleman 
of  Providence  destroyed  a  lately  purchased  ticket  for  Liverpool,  saying  he 
would  see  a  little  more  of  the  southern  portion  of  his  own  country  before 
visiting  the  south  of  Europe.  A  clergyman  resigned  his  charge  to  become 
chaplain  of  a  regiment ;  the  congregation  refused  the  resignation,  gave  their 
pastor  a  furlough,  supplied  his  place,  continued  his  salary,  and  presented  him 
with  one  hundred  dollars  for  his  outfit  Aid  was  thus  rendered  in  methods 
sometimes  simple,  often  ingenious  and  indirect.  So  much  was  done  under 
the  rose,  so  much  was  a  matter  of  private  agreement  between  those  who  aided 
others  and  those  who  were  so  aided,  so  much  has  been  forgotten  and  so  little 
was  ever  recorded,  that  it  is  quite  impossible  to  say,  at  this  day,  what  amount 
these  private  subscriptions  reached.  Such  estimates  as  have  been  made  will 
appear  in  the  general  tabular  views  at  the  close  of  the  volume. 

The  practice  of  recruiting  by  regiments  having  fallen  into  disuse  of  late,  it 
may  not  be  clearly  remembered  by  all  in  what  way  ready  money  was  essential 
during  the  first  two  years  of  the  war.  The  government,  which  now  takes 
each  individual  recruit  as  he  enlists,  uniforms  him  at  once,  and  makes  what 
instant  disposition  of  him  it  chooses,  had  previously  received  men  from  the 
states  by  regiments,  mustering  them  in  by  companies  when  filled  to  the 
minimum.  Young  men  seeking  a  lieutenant's  commission  were  obliged  to 
raise  a  certain  number  of  men,  and  the  moment  they  had  secured  a  single 


32  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

recruit,  their  expenses  began,  for  the  recruit  looked  to  them  for  lodging  and 
subsistence.  A  captain,  and  the  lieutenants  under  him,  were  compelled  to 
support  their  company  till  it  numbered  eighty-four  men ;  then  the  govern- 
ment mustered  them  in,  and  became  responsible  for  them.  There  were  many 
other  casual,  but  constant,  calls  for  money,  though  this  was  by  far  the  most 
urgent.  Many  officers  thus  spent  all  their  means;  others,  who  have  since 
proved  their  value,  possessing  no  property,  would  have  been  lost  to  the  ser- 
vice had  it  not  been  for  the  war  funds  raised  by  subscription  throughout  the 
land.  One  of  the  most  remarkable  and  useful  of  these  was  the  fund  raised  in 
New  York,  and  intrusted  to  a  body  of  men  known  as  the  Union  Defence 
Committee.  Although  the  principal  labor  of  this  committee  was  the  disburs- 
ing of  a  million  of  dollars  appropriated  by  the  city  of  New  York,  yet  a  large 
sum  was  also  raised  by  subscription,  and  the  two  were  merged  together.  The 
history  of  one  portion  of  this  fund  is  therefore  the  history  of  both.  The  origin 
of  the  Union  Defence  Committee  was  in  this  wise : 

A  mass  meeting  of  the  citizens  of  New  York  had  been  convened  in  Union 
Square  on  Saturday,  the  20th  of  April.  The  Massachusetts  Sixth  had  made 
its  bloody  passage  through  Baltimore  the  day  before ;  the  Seventh  New  York 
was  on  its  way  from  Philadelphia  to  Annapolis ;  the  Massachusetts  Eighth 
was  on  the  eve  of  leaving  Boston.  These  were  but  as  drops  in  the  sea,  and 
it  was  considered  imperatively  necessary  to  dispatch  ten  thousand  men,  if 
possible,  during  the  coming  week.  Some  means  must  be  taken  to  collect, 
equip,  and  forward  these  men ;  concerted  and  united  action  was  indispensable. 
A  committee  was  therefore  appointed,  consisting  originally  of  twenty-six,  and 
subsequently  of  thirty-two  members.  The  resolutions  adopted  stated  the  duty 
of  this  committee  to  be  "  to  represent  the  citizens  in  the  collection  of  funds, 
and  the  transaction  of  such  other  business  in  aid  of  the  movements  of  the 
government  as  the  public  interest  may  require."  It  is  apparent  from  this  that 
the  business  of  the  committee,  as  viewed  at  the  outset,  was  merely  the  dis- 
bursement of  money  raised  by  subscription ;  but,  as  has  been  said,  the  city 
appropriation  was  also  intrusted  to  their  management 

The  committee  was  organized  as  follows : 

JOHN"  A.  Dix,  Chairman,  CHARLES  II.  MARSHALL, 

SIMEON  DRAPER,  Vice-CKn,  EGBERT  H.  McCiiRDY, 

WILLIAM  M.  EVARTS,  Secretary,  MOSES  H.  GRINNELL, 

THEODORE  DEHON,  Treasurer,  KOYAL  PHELPS, 

MOSES  TAYLOR,  WM.  E.  DODGE, 


THE  UNION  DEFENCE  FUND.  33 

EICHARD  M.  BLATCHFORD,  GREENE  C.  BRONSON, 

EDWARDS  PIERREPONT,  HAMILTON  FISH, 

ALEX.  T.  STEWART,  WM.  F.  HAVEMEYER, 

SAMUEL  SLOAN,  CHARLES  H.  EUSSELL, 

JOHN  JACOB  ASTOR,  JR.,  JAS.  T.  BRADY, 

JOHN  J.  Cisco,  EUDOLPH  A.  WITTHAUS, 

JAS.  S.  WADSWORTH,  ABIEL  A.  Low, 

ISAAC  BELL,  PROSPER  M.  WETMORE, 

JAMES  BOORMAN,  A.  C.  EICHARDS, 

The  Mayor  of  the  City  of  New  York, 
The  Comptroller  of  the  City  of  New  York, 
The  President  of  the  Board  of  Aldermen, 
The  President  of  the  Board  of  Councilmen. 

The  subscriptions  received  on  the  first  working  day,  Monday,  the  22d, 
were  nearly  $35,000 ;  additions  were  constantly  made  to  the  fund  till  it 
reached  hard  upon  $180,000.  The  committee  held  forty-eight  meetings  in 
the  first  twenty-nine  days  ;  and  at  the  close  of  the  year  had  assisted,  in  a 
greater  or  less  degree,  in  placing  sixty-six  regiments  in  the  field.  This  is  not 
the  place,  nor  has  the  time  yet  come,  to  attempt  to  estimate  the  services 
rendered  the  country  by  this  committee.  Their  own  claim  may  be  safely 
granted,  that  they  placed  an  army  in  the  field,  equipped  for  the  defence  of  the 
nation,  in  a  shorter  space  of  time,  and  with  less  expenditure  of  money,  than, 
so  far  as  any  record  shows,  had  ever  before  been  accomplished  by  any  govern- 
ment, no  matter  how  great  its  power,  how  abundant  its  resources,  or  how 
urgent  its  call  to  action.  In  due  time  more  than  this  will  probably  appear : 
that  to  the  energy  of  this  committee,  and  to  the  intrepidity  with  which,  in 
one  pressing  strait,  they  cut  through  forms  and  circumlocution,  the  country  is 
indebted  for  the  safety  of  Washington,  and  for  the  preservation  of  our  most 
important  stronghold,  Fortress  Monroe. 

The  list  of  subscribers  to  the  Union  Defence  Fund  being  one  of  the  most 
interesting  of  the  war,  we  make  no  apology  for  introducing  it  here : 

THE  TJXION  DEFENCE  FUND,   APKIL  AND  MAY,   1861. 

Wm.  B.  Astor $15,000  00  James  Gordon  Bennett $3,000  00 

Alexander  T.  Stewart 10,000  00  P.  Lorillard. .  , 3,000  00 

James  Lenox 5,000  00  W.  W.  De  Forest 3,000  00 

Proceeds  of  a  sale  of  pictures . .  4,498  00  John  D.  Wolfe 2,000  00 

Benkard  &  Hutton 3,000  00  N.  Y.  Mutual  Insurance  Co 2.000  00 

3 


34 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Third   Avenue  Railroad   Com- 
pany,    by  "W.    A.    Darling, 

President $2,000  00 

Grinnell,  Minturn  &  Co 2,000  00 

Brown,  Brothers  &  Co 2,000  00 

Charles  H.  Marshall 2,000  00 

Whelps,  Dodge  &  Co 2,000  00 

Howland  &  Aspinwall 2,000  00 

Hamilton  Fish 1,500  00 

John  Bridge 1,500  00 

Peter  Cooper 1,500  00 

James  Boorman 1,000  00 

A.  A.  Low 1,000  00 

Col.  Lamed 1,000  00 

F.  Bronson 1,000  00 

A.  Iselin  &  Co 1,000  00 

Sturges,  Bennet  &  Co 1,000  00 

Alsop  &  Chauncey 1,000  00 

Roosevelt  &  Son 1,000  00 

N.  Y.  Steam  Sugar  Refining  Co .  1,000  00 

August  Belmont  &  Co 1,000  00 

George  Griswold,  Jr 1,000  00 

J.  K  A.  Griswold 1,000  00 

A.  A.  Low  &  Brothers 1,000  00 

Maitland,  Phelps  &  Co 1,000  00 

Hoyt,  Spragues  &  Co 1,000  00 

Chas.  R.  Snyder 1,000  00 

Hendricks  &  Brothers 1,000  00 

H.  C.  De  Rham 1,000  00 

J.  F.  D.  Lanier 1,000  00 

Meigs  &  Greenleaf 1,000  00 

J.  Boorman  Johnston  &  Co 1,000  00 

Goodhue  &  Co 1,000  00 

Saml.  Wetmore 1,000  00 

New  York  Tribune  Association  1,000  00 

R.  L.  Lord 1,00000 

G.  S.  Robbins  &  Sons 1,000  00 

Joseph  Sampson 1,000  00 

John  &  D.  Jackson  Steward. . .  1,000  00 

Robert  Bayard 1,000  00 

W.  Proctor 1,000  00 

New  York  and   Sandy    Hook 

Pilots 1,000  00 

Tradesmen's  Bank,  by  R.  Perry, 

President 1,000  00 

Eli  White 1,000  00 

J.  E.  Woolsey 1,000  00 

John  Caswell  &  Co 1,000  00 

Alex.  Duncan 1,000  00 

Duncan,  Sherman  &  Co 1,000  00 

E.  G.  &  T.  H.  Faile 1,000  00 

Naylor  &  Co 1,000  00 


Lorillard  Spencer $1,000  00 

Wm.  C.  Rhinelander 1,000  00 

"Wm.  Watson  &  Co 1,00000 

Charles  R.  Lynde 1,000  00 

Win.  A.  Booth 800  00 

Thomas  Suffern 750  00 

Fred.  A.  Benjamin 500  00 

Walden  Pell 500  00 

D.  &  A.  C.  Kingsland 500  00 

Wm.  B.  Crosby 50000 

A.  P.  Pillot  &  Son 500  00 

Benedict,  Burr  &  Benedict 500  00 

R.  R.  Graves  &  Co 50000 

Olyphant  &    Co.,    of  Canton, 

China 500  00 

John  Allen,  Jr.,  President  West- 
ern Transportation  Co.,  Buf- 
falo   500  00 

Sullivan,  Randolph  &  Budd. ...  500  00 

Marcuse  &  Baltzer 500  00 

Benjamin  Aymar 500  00 

Aymar  &  Co 500  00 

Edward  Banker 500  00 

John  Munroe  &  Co 500  00 

Degen  &  Taft 500  00 

Japhet  Bishop 500  00 

R.  Hoe  &  Co 500  00 

Penfold  &  Schuyler 500  00 

Oliver  Charlick  500  00 

Charles  Easton 500  00 

C.  F.  Dambmann  &  Co 500  00 

Cady  &  Smales 500  00 

P.  M.  Lydig 500  00 

Alex.  Van  Rensselaer 500  00 

William  Whitlock,  Jr 500  00 

William  C.  Schermerhorn 500  00 

John  Jones  Schermerhorn 500  00 

Bogert  &  Kneeland 500  00 

Theodore  Dehon 500  00 

A.  C.  Richards 500  00 

Benj.  R.  Winthrop 500  00 

H.  W.  T.  Mali 500  00 

Tucker,  Cooper  &  Co 500  00 

J.  J.  Phelps 500  00 

S.  B.  Chittenden 500  00 

D.  H.  Haight 500  00 

Spaulding,  Vail,  Hunt  &  Co.. . .  500  00 

A.  H.  Ward 500  00 

C.  &R.  Poillon 500  00 

Haggerty  &  Co 500  00 

Furman  &  Co 500  00 

James  K.  Pell..  500  00 


THE   UNION  DEFENCE   FUND. 


35 


E.  Pavenstedt  &  Co $500  00 

A.  R.  Eno 500  00 

Miss  Selena  Hendricks 500  00 

Troost,  Schroder  &  Co 500  00 

Hazard  Powder  Company 500  00 

Schepeler  &  Co 500  00 

J.  H.  Frerichs  &  Co 500  00 

Murphy  &  Smith 500  00 

Peter  Goelet 500  00 

Havemeyer,  Townsend  &  Co. . .  500  00 
Wallack's  Theatre,  proceeds  of 

a  benefit 361  75 

Mrs.  Mears  Burkhardt,  proceeds 

of  a  concert .  350  00 

Laura  Keene's  Theatre,  proceeds 

of  a  benefit 310  00 

Thomas  G.  Hodgkins 300  00 

Gary  &  Co 30000 

Thomas  N.  Dale  &  Co 300  00 

Janes,  Fowler,  Kirtland  &  Co. .  300  00 

I.  C.  Whitrnore 300  00 

John  Penfold 300  00 

John  A.  King 250  00 

Bucklin  &  Crane 250  00 

J.  Butler  Wright 250  00 

Fabbri  &  Chauncey 250  00 

A.  M.  White 250  00 

Munn  &  Co 250  00 

P.  M.  Suydam 250  00 

H.  S.  &  C.  P.  Leverich 250  00 

Coolidge  &  Young 250  00 

E.  Caylus,  De  Ruyter  &  Co. . .  250  00 

Chas.  H.  Rogers 250  00 

R.S.Clark 250  00 

Clark,  Pardee,  Bates  &  Co 250  00 

D.  T.  Lanman  &  Kemp 250  00 

Richard  Lathers 250  00 

Robert  Goelet 250  00 

Wm.  B.  Isham  &  Gallup 250  00 

Thomas  Otis  Leroy  &  Co 250  00 

Jacob  Leroy 250  00 

Robert  Ray 250  00 

Archer  &  Bull 250  00 

Jacob  Harsen 250  00 

Mrs.  John  Suydam. . , 250  00 

Lemoyne  &  Bell 250  00 

Gilman,  Son  &  Co 250  00 

Olyphant's  Son  &  Co 250  00 

Wilson  G.  Hunt 250  00 

Ninth  Regiment 250  00 

Pacific  Bank 250  00 

Wm.  A.  Freeborn  &  Co. .  250  00 


Walsh,  Coulter  &  Co $250  00 

Geo.  S.  Stephenson  &  Co 250  00 

Henry  Delafield 250  00 

Mrs.  Susan  M.  Parish 250  00 

John  A.  Robinson 250  00 

Paton,  Stewart  &  Co 250  00 

A.  Humbert 250  00 

Benj.  Stephens 250  00 

J.  &  L.  Tuckerman 250  00 

Schenck,  Rutherford  &  Co 250  00 

John  Q.  Aymar 250  00 

H.  Meigs,  Jr.,  &  Smith 250  00 

E.  B.  Clayton's  Sons 250  00 

George  C.  Ward 250  00 

Barclay  &  Livingston 250  00 

William  Wood 250  00 

Valentine  G.  Hall 250  00 

J.  J.  Meriam 250  00 

William  Menzies 250  00 

Menzies,  Yiele  &  Mather 250  00 

M.  P.  Read 250  00 

John  C.  White 250  00 

Fox  &  Lingard,  !N"ew  Bowery 

Theatre 205  00 

W.  H.  RusseU 200  00 

Henry  Lawrence 200  00 

Pierson  &  Co 200  00 

M.  Van  Schaick 200  00 

T.  C.  Baring 200  00 

Joseph  Foulke's  Sons 200  00 

F.  Cottenet 200  00 

D.  L.  Suydam 200  00 

Thomas  N.  Lawrence 200  00 

William  K.  Strong  &  Co 200  00 

Edward  Cooper 200  00 

A.  Hall 200  00 

Gabriel  Mead 200  00 

J.  D.  Jones 200  00 

A.  Bininger  &  Co 200  00 

JolmM.Dodd 20000 

R.  A.  &  G.  H.  Witthaus 200  00 

E.  E.  Morgan 200  00 

White  &  Sheffield 200  00 

J.  Woodward  Haven 200  00 

Tomes,  Son  &  Melvain 200  00 

H.  M.  Schieffelin 200  00 

Beebe  &  Brother 200  00 

Mulford  Martin 200  00 

Earl,  Bartholomew  &  Co 200  00 

John  Haggerty 200  00 

W.  H.H.Moore 20000 

Dutilh  &  Co...  150  00 


36 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Richard  Mortimer 

H.  L.  Routh  &  Sons 

Smith  &  Lawrence 

Philip  Hone 

Weaver,  Richardson  &  Co. . . . 

George  Forrester 

S.  T.  Nicoll , 

Robert  Carnley 

T.  O.  Fowler 

John  C.  Tucker 

J.  Hutchinson 

Francis  Speir 

James  R.  Steers 

James  Williamson  &  Co 

Samuel  Marsh 

George  Bell 

Calvin  Huntington , 

Arthur  N.  Gifford 

Fred.  M.  Maas  &  Co 

Ridley  Watts 

Uriah  J.  Smith 

P.  I.  Nevius  &  Sons 

C.  Heydecker 

Abner  H.  Beers , 

Francis  Alexandre 

Edward  Delafield,  M.  I) 

Newbold  Edgar , 

Archibald  Russell 

Nathan  H.  Hall. 

T.  W.  Moore 

Lewis  M.  Rutherford 

Rutherford  Stuy vesant 

Hopkins  &  Co 

James  N.  Cobb 

Edward  N.  Kent 

N.  Ludlum 

R.  M.  Hunt 

Woodruff  &  Co 

Ward,  Campbell  &  Co 

Wm.  Mackay 

Kamlah,  Sauer  &  Co 

Edward  H.  Ludlow 

A.  W.  Spies  &  Co 

John  T.  Metcalfe 

Henry  Owen 

Bernhard  Mayer 

George  J.  Schmelzel 

Drake  Mills 

D.H.  Arnold 

George  Palen 

Isaac  H.  Bailey 

Sparkman,  Truslow  &  Co.  . . . 


$150  00  George  Schmelzel $100  00 

150  00  L.  Bradish 100  00 

150  00  Wm.  Tucker 100  00 

150  00  E.  R.  Ware  &  Co 100  00 

15000  W.  R.  Redwood    10000 

12500  Acton  Civill 10000 

100  00  Mrs.  C.  M.  Dash 100  00 

100  00  Cambridge  Livingston 100  00 

10000  George  Ashton 10000 

100  00  Dewitt,  Kittle  &  Co 100  00 

100  00  William  Nelson 100  00 

10000  John  R.  Hurd 10000 

100  00  Wm.  H.  Jackson 100  00 

100  00  John  Wolfe 100  00 

100  00  Charles  Carow 100  00 

100  00  M.  Deland 100  00 

100  00  Thomas  E.  Vermilye 100  00 

10000  J.  Atkins  &  Co 10000 

100  00  Ed.  H.  Coster 100  00 

10000  Joseph  L.  Lewis 10000 

100  00  Alfred  Tobias 100  00 

10000  George  F.  Jones 10000 

100  00  Thompson  Brothers 100  00 

100  00  Samuel  Blatchford 100  00 

100  00  Morewood  &  Co 100  00 

100  00  Samuel  T.  Skidmore 100  00 

10000  John  G.  Stearns 10000 

100  00  Oliver  H.  Jones 100  00 

100  00  Lawrence,  Cohen  &  Co 100  00 

100  00  Cunningham,  Frost  &  Throck- 

100  00            mortons 100  00 

10000  Holmes  &  Co 10000 

100  00  Wm.  Macnaughtan 100  00 

100  00  Matthew  Clarkson 100  00 

100  00  Elliot  C.  Cowdin 100  00 

100  00  Cornelius  K.  Sutton 100  00 

100  00  Ezra  Nye 100  00 

100  00  Tappan  &  Starbuck 100  00 

100  00  Uriel  A.  Murdock 100  00 

10000  W.H.Fogg 10000 

10000  O.  Wm.  Butt 10000 

100  00  Wm.  Agnew  &  Sons 100  00 

100  00  Battelle  &  Renwick 100  00 

10000  Emil  Heinemann 10000 

100  00  Captain  John  Britton 100  00 

100  00  Daniel  S.  Miller 100  00 

100  00  George  Abeel 100  00 

100  00  D.  B.  Fearing 100  00 

100  00  Sidney  Mason 100  00 

100  00  Mrs.  Hopkins,  in  pennies 100  00 

100  00  Charles  Henschel 100  00 

100  00  James  W.  Beekman . .  100  00 


THE  FIEE  ZOUAVE   FUND. 


37 


Lispenard  Stewart  

$100  00 

Chas.  Gillespie  

$50  00 

John  J.  Crooke  

100  00 

S.  A.  Martine  &  Co  

50  00 

Robert  McCoskrv  

100  00 

Clerks  of  the  Bank  of  America. 

50  00 

J.  Q.  Jones  

100  00 

Edward  Robinson,  Jr  

50  00 

Geo.  Collins  

100  00 

Geo.  E.  Archer  

50  00 

Henrv  Ellsworth  

100  00 

John  B.  Crosby  

50  00 

Thomas  T.  Smith  

100  00 

Geo.  "W.  Berrian  

50  00 

Chas.  M.  Connolly  &  Co  

100  00 

J.  Durbrow  

50  00 

Mrs.  Andrew  Dunlap  

100  00 

Wm.  Vernon,  Jr  

50  00 

L.  Lorut  

100  00 

Capt.  Thos.  Ferguson  

50  00 

John  B.  Schmelzel  

100  00 

I.  Green  Pearson  

50  00 

Scharfenberg  &  Luis  

100  00 

Thomas  Dewitt  

50  00 

Chas.  J.  Howell  

100  00 

Gilbert  Davis  

50  00 

Charles  Dennis  

75  00 

George  Brown  

50  00 

James  Van  Antwerp  

75  00 

Mrs.  Isaac  Townsend  

50  00 

Archibald  Hall,  Jr  

50  00 

J.  B.  Lawrence,  M.  D  

50  00 

John  J.  Charruaud  

50  00 

Julius  Gerson  

50  00 

Quick  &  L'Hommedieu  

50  00 

A.  S.  Jarvis  

50  00 

Whitmore  &  Co  

50  00 

F.  L.  Talcott  

50  00 

Joseph  Greenleaf  

50  00 

Maury  Brothers  

50  00 

Gabriel  M.  Tooker  

i           50  00 

Captain  Thos.  Ingersoll  

50  00 

E.  G.  Thompson  

50  00 

All   other    sums,   those    given 

P.  G.  Churchill  

50  00 

anonymously  and  those  un- 

J. F.  Hoyer  

50  00 

der  $50  

6,350  25 

Total.  . 

..$ 

179,500  00 

Besides  the  aid  received  by  volunteer  regiments  from  this  fund,  many 
of  them  made  collections  of  their  own — that  of  the  Fire  Zouaves,  Colonel 
Ellsworth,  amounting  to  more  than  $20,000.  Fourteen  gentlemen,  as  follows, 
obtained  the  sums  set  opposite  their  names  respectively,  besides  $5,000  given 
by  the  Union  Defence  Committee,  and  $5,000  by  the  Chamber  of  Commerce : 


James  Kelly $2,980 

A.  F.  Ockershausen 1,500 

Jno.  A.  Cregier 3,250 

A.  G.  Delatour 3,400 

O.  W.  Brennan 3,150 

Geo.  F.  Nesbitt 940 

Wm.  H.  Wickham. .  825 


John  Decker $503 

Zophar  Mills 590 

John  S.Giles 705 

Wm.  Wright 1,060 

J.  R.  Platt 300 

J.  Y.  Watkins 380 

Henry  B.  Venn 845 


Total $20,428 

There  were  few  regiments,  indeed,  that  did  not  have  their  own  special 
fund,  though  none  were  as  large  as  that  of  the  Zouaves.  A  Eichmond  County 
regiment,  of  New  York,  collected  $2,000  upon  a  Staten  Island  boat  during  a 
single  trip.  Entertainments,  dramatic,  musical,  gymnastic,  in  a  similar  object, 
were  given  at  an  early  date ;  and  it  is  probable  that  not  a  day  has  passed  since 


38  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

in  which,  in  some  part  of  the  country,  there  has  not  been  some  performance, 
professional,  social,  or  amateur,  some  exhibition,  some  festival,  some  lecture, 
given  directly  or  indirectly  in  aid  of  the  cause,  the  receipts  varying  from  five 
thousand  dollars  to  fifty. 

On  the  23d  of  April,  the  subscription  in  Chicago  had  reached  hard  upon 
$100,000,  and  was  afterwards  largely  increased.  The  achievements  of  the 
Sturges  Eifles,  a  company  equipped  by  Solomon  Sturges  at  an  expense  of 

),000,  and  of  the  Battery  of  the  Chicago  Board  of  Trade,  upon  which 

),000  were  expended,  have  long  been  familiar  to  all. 

Colonel  Samuel  Colt,  of  Hartford,  offered  to  furnish  a  regiment  with 
breech-loading  rifles,  at  a  cost  of  $50,000. 

In  Boston,  on  the  25th  of  the  month,  a  subscription  in  behalf  of  the 
Twelfth  Kegiment,  to  be  commanded  by  Colonel  Fletcher  Webster,  had 
reached  the  sum  of  $12,500.  The  citizens  of  Jersey  City  expended  $26,000 
upon  the  Second  New  Jersey.  At  a  meeting  in  Oswego,  N.  Y.,  $1,600  were 
subscribed  for  purchasing  side-arms  for  officers.  Adams'  Express  offered  to 
carry  lint  and  soldiers'  letters  free. 

Large  as  the  sums  thus  given  undoubtedly  were,  they  were  of  course 
trifling  when  compared  with  the  sums  appropriated  by  states  and  towns,  a 
debt  afterwards  assumed  by  the  government.  Funds  raised  throughout  the 
country  for  another  purpose,  however,  which  were  subject  to  no  such  com- 
parison, were  not  only  relatively,  but  actually,  large.  These  were  the  local 
funds,  organized  in  almost  every  city,  town,  village,  and  neighborhood,  for  the 
support  of  the  families  of  volunteers.  Four  thousand  dollars  were  subscribed 
in  Auburn,  for  this  purpose,  on  the  19th  of  April ;  forty-two  persons  gave 
$4,200  in  one  hour  in  Pittsburgh ;  the  Canandaigua  subscription  was  headed 
by  a  signature  good  for  $500;  Oswego  had  obtained  $10,000,  Norwich, 
$10,000,  Eochester,  $20,000,  Utica,  $8,000,  on  the  20th ;  and  Binghampton, 
$10,000,  on  the  26th.  Mr.  Wm.  Gray,  of  Boston,  gave  $10,000  for  a  similar 
purpose.  These  are  not  given  as  special  instances,  but  as  examples  of  what 
was  universal,  and  had  been  spontaneous  from  one  end  of  the  country  to  the 
other.  Nothing  could  have  been  more  opportune,  indeed,  more  indispensable, 
than  the  giving  of  these  sums  for  this  object.  It  enabled  thousands  to  join 
the  army  who  must  otherwise  have  tarried  at  home ;  and  it  removed  from  the 
minds  of  many,  who  would  have  gone  at  any  rate,  all  anxiety  for  those  they 
left  behind  them.  The  funds  for  soldiers'  families,  raised  by  private  subscrip- 
tion, and  added  to  the  sums  voted  in  the  same  object,  have  been  of  the  utmost 
service ;  the  good  they  have  done  cannot  easily  be  overestimated. 


THE  LAWYERS'  FUND.  39 

A  call  for  a  meeting  of  the  bench  and  bar  of  New  York  was  published  in 
the  papers  of  April  22d,  and  such  a  meeting  was  held  in  the  afternoon  of  that 
day,  in  the  room  of  the  Superior  Court.  Judges  and  ex-judges  of  the  different 
benches,  and  representatives  of  nearly  every  law  firm  in  the  city,  were  present. 
After  the  reading  of  resolutions,  the  following  gentlemen  were  appointed  an 
executive  committee : 

HON.  JOHN  W.  EDMONDS.  WILLIAM  ALLEN  BUTLER, 

"     Jos.  S.  BOSWORTH,  HON.  WM.  H.  LEONARD, 
"     EDWARDS  PIERREPONT,  "     HENRY  HILTON, 

HENRY  NICOLL,  DANIEL  LORD, 

WILLIAM  FULLERTON,  DORMAN  B.  EATON, 

LUTHER  R  MARSH,  EICHARD  O'GORMAN, 

ALEX.  HAMILTON,  JR.,  GILBERT  DEAN. 
JOHN  C.  T.  SMIDT, 

Mr.  Daniel  Lord  was  appointed  treasurer,  and  was  soon  the  custodian  of 
over  $27,000,  contributed  by  members  of  the  bench  and  bar,  for  the  relief  of 
the  families  of  volunteers.  But  a  portion  only  has  thus  far  been  expended ; 
deducting  the  disbursements,  and  adding  the  interest  accrued  upon  the  remain- 
der, the  balance  in  hand  is,  or  was  very  lately,  some  $19,000. 

The  first  collections  in  churches  in  aid  of  the  cause  were  taken  in  Plymouth 
Church,  Brooklyn,  and  in  the  Broadway  Tabernacle,  New  York,  on  Sunday, 
the  21st.  The  latter  congregation  has,  during  the  four  years  of  the  war,  given, 
in  answer  to  the  numerous  appeals  made  to  it  by  the  Sanitary,  Christian,  and 
Union  Commissions,  no  less  a  sum  than  $30,000.  The  former  has  probably 
given  more,  in  money  and  goods. 

On  the  30th  of  April,  the  teachers  in  the  public  schools  of  Boston  relin- 
quished a  certain  proportion  of  their  salaries  during  the  rebellion,  as  follows : 

Superintendent  of  Schools  and  Masters  of  Latin,  English  High  and  Girls' 
High  and  Normal  Schools,  25  per  cent. 

Masters  of  Grammar  Schools  and  Sub-Masters  of  English  and  Latin  High 
Schools,  15  per  cent. 

Sub-Masters  of  Grammar  Schools  and  Ushers  of  Latin  and  English  High 
Schools,  12^  per  cent. 

Ushers  of  Grammar  Schools.  10  per  cent. 

The  aggregate  of  these  percentages  would  amount  to  more  than  $12,000  a 
year. 


40- 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


The  pilots  of  New  York  harbor  offered  their  services  to  take  government 
vessels  in  and  out  of  port  gratis.  Mr.  Robert  Dent,  one  of  the  honorable  fra- 
ternity, seeing  a  soldier  thinly  clad  about  to  embark  during  a  heavy  blow., 
took  off  his  shaggy,  comfortable  coat  and  gave  it  to  him.  A  gentleman, 
noticing  a  Massachusetts  man  whose  boots  had  given  out  during  the  tramp, 
rushed  into  a  neighboring  shoemaker's,  purchased  a  new  pair,  and  proposed  to 
exchange  with  the  ill-shod  infantry-man.  The  latter,  making  a  seat  of  his 


NEW   BOOTS   FOR  OLD. 


knapsack  placed  upon  the  curb-stone,  effected  the  amiable  barter.  Instances 
of  personal  good- will  such  as  this  were  innumerable ;  and  where  we  mention 
one  incident,  let  the  reader  give  the  rein  to  his  fancy  and  imagine  ten  thou- 
sand similar  ones ;  he  will  in  every  case  fall  short  of  the  truth. 

An  aged  clergyman,  the  Eev.  Mr.  Skinner,  unable  to  do  much,  but 
anxious  to  do  the  little  he  could,  proposed,  as  the  most  effective  way  of  ap- 
plying and  multiplying  his  slender  contribution,  to  print  fifty  thousand  copies 
of  a  brief  treatise  upon  health,  especially  adapted  to  soldiers'  reading.  Thus 
early  was  one  of  the  ideas  broached,  afterwards  carried  out  so  effectively  in 
the  publication  of  medical  monographs  by  the  Sanitary  Commission. 

On  the  23d  of  April,  Sherman's  Battery  of  eight  howitzers,  manned  by 
eighty  men,  passed  through  Philadelphia  on  its  way  to  Washington.  As  the 
train  conveying  the  troops  stopped,  the  women  of  the  neighboring  street? 
hurried  out  to  the  cars,  bearing  a  welcome  on  their  lips  and  a  more  substantial 
one  in  their  hands.  Plates  which  had  been  filled  for  others — the  soldiers  had 
arrived  at  the  propitious  hour  of  dinner — dishes  cooking  upon  the  range, 
baskets  hastily  stocked  from  the  pantry  and  the  larder,  bottles,  decanters,  and 


THE   VANDERBILT.  41 

flagons  were  brought  forth  into  the  highway,  and  the  weary  and  thirsty 
travellers  abundantly  refreshed.  The  stocks  of  itinerant  fruiterers  were 
eagerly  bought  up  by  generous  monopolists,  and  any  man  in  blue  and  red 
might  have  as  many  oranges  as  he  could  catch.  A  hat  was  passed  around, 
and  its  contents  were  expended  in  cigars  and  tobacco  for  those  who  loved  the 
weed.  This  done,  hands  were  hurriedly  shaken,  good-byes  hastily  uttered, 
and  the  train  moved  slowly  off,  the  gallant  cannoneers  giving  nine  cheers  for 
the  Union,  the  Constitution,  and  the  ladies  of  Philadelphia. 

At  the  close  of  an  enthusiastic  meeting  for  army  contributions  in  New 
York,  two  ladies  approached  the  secretary's  desk,  and  placed  upon  it  an  un- 
pretentious parcel.  As  they  passed  out,  a  curious  hand  unrolled  the  package, 
and  revealed  a  large  number  of  old  linen  handkerchiefs,  inscribed  with  the 
names  of  Alice  and  Phcebe  Gary. 

On  the  14th  of  May,  Cornelius  Vanderbilt  wrote  a  letter  to  Mr.  W.  0.  Bart- 
lett,  in  which  he  said  that  he  had  offered  to  dispose  of  the  ocean  steamer 
Yanderbilt  to  the  government,  but  had  received  no  answer  to  his  communica- 
tion. He  then  added  what  follows : 

"  You  are  authorized  to  renew  this  proposition,  with  such  additions  thereto 
as  are  hereinafter  set  forth.  I  feel  a  great  desire  that  the  government  should 


U<x3> 


TUB  FRIGATE   VAM>£RB1LT. 


have  the  steamer  Yanderbilt,  as  she  is  acknowledged  to  be  as  fine  a  ship  as 
floats  the  ocean,  and,  in  consequence  of  her  great  speed  and  capacity,  would, 
with  a  proper  armament,  be  of  more  efficient  service  in  keeping  our  coast 
clear  of  piratical  vessels  than  any  other  ship.  Therefore  you  are  authorized 
to  say,  in  my  behalf,  that  the  government  can  take  this  ship  at  a  valuation 
to  be  determined  by  the  Hon.  Robert  F.  Stockton,  of  New  Jersey,  the  only 


42  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

ex-commodore  in  the  navy,  and  any  two  commodores  in  the  service,  to  be 
selected  by  the  government ;  and  if  this  will  not  answer,  will  the  government 
accept  her  as  a  present  from  their  humble  servant  ? 

************ 

"  Yours,  very  respectfully, 

"C.  YANDERBILT." 

Owing  to  the  fact  that  a  portion  of  the  Vanderbilt's  machinery  is  above  the 
deck,  and  exposed  to  the  enemy's  shot,  the  Navy  Department  was  for  a  time 
unwilling  to  accept  this  munificent  proposal;  but  afterwards,  when  better 
provided  with  long  range  cannon,  which  would  enable  the  vessel  to  use  her 
own  guns  at  a  safe  distance  from  those  of  the  enemy,  she  was  accepted  by  the 
government,  converted  into  a  powerful  man-of-war,  and  sent  upon  a  cruise 
in  search  of  privateers.  The  vessel  has  since  done  excellent  service,  and 
proved  a  most  valuable  acquisition  to  the  navy.  The  gift  was  worth,  in 
money,  not  far  from  three  quarters  of  a  million  of  dollars. 

Certain  persons  endeavored  to  show  that  Mr.  Yanderbilt  could  well  afford 
to  give  his  vessel  to  the  government,  as  she  had  already  earned  a  large  sum  of 
money,  and  that  therefore  he  deserved  but  little  credit.  "We  cannot  see  the 
force  of  this  reasoning.  Would  any  one  of  these  captious  individuals  im- 
pugn the  generosity  of  a  friend  who  should  give  or  bequeath  them  a  govern- 
ment bond,  on  the  ground  that  he  had  cut  off  and  cashed  the  coupons  as  they 
successively  fell  due  ? 

At  about  this  time,  the  congregation  of  Plymouth  Church  engaged  to  fur- 
nish every  man  of  the  Brooklyn  Fourteenth  with  shoes,  undershirts,  drawers, 
stockings,  handkerchiefs,  suspenders,  and  sponge.  As  if  to  furnish  a  basis  of 
comparison  between  individual  and  congregational  effort,  Mrs.  Walker,  a  poor 
woman  of  New  York,  supplied  Wilson's  Regiment  of  Zouaves  with  sixty  shirts 
of  her  own  making. 

The  police  force  of  New  York  had,  by  the  middle  of  May,  furnished  the 
army  thirty-four  volunteers,  engaging  to  pay  to  the  family  of  each  $50  a 
month,  and  assessing  themselves  in  the  following  amounts  for  that  object: 
Superintendents,  $5 ;  inspectors,  $3  ;  captains,  $2 ;  sergeants,  $1.50 ;  patrol- 
men, $1  each. 

In  the  first  month  after  the  fall  of  Sumter,  the  people  of  the  United  States 
spent  a  million  dollars  for  flags,  and  half  as  much  more  for  badges,  emblems, 
cockades,  rosettes,  and  other  patriotic  devices.  For  one  flag  torn  down,  thou- 
sands upon  thousands  were  thrown  to  the  wind.  In  the  cities  they  floated  not 


THE  CHURCH  AND  THE  FLAG. 


43 


'THERE  LET  IT  WAVE,  AS  IT  WAVED  or  OLD. 


only  from  liberty-pole,  flag-staff,  and  casement,  not  only  from  ropes  and 
halliards,  but  from  steeple,  spire,  and  belfry.  "  We  will  take  our  glorious 
flag,"  said  Bishop  Simpson,  "and  nail  it  just  below  the  cross.  That  is  high 
enough!  There  let  it  wave,  as  it  waved  of  old.  First  Christ,  then  our 
country !"  The  streets  were  gorgeous  with  the  loyal  colors  ;  and  when  the 
wind  blew  at  right  angles  with  the  grand  thoroughfares  of  the  larger  cities, 
the  sky  seemed  heavy  with  massive  red  and  blue,  and  stars  could  be  seen  at 


44  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

raid-day.  Before  the  rebellion  there  were  not  ten  flag-staffs  upon  private 
edifices  in  Broadway ;  by  the  first  of  June  there  were  hundreds.  The  flag 
manufacturers  were  overrun,  and  though  they  doubled  and  trebled  their  prices, 
there  was  no  diminution  in  the  demand.  When  bunting  gave  out,  pongee, 
China  silk,  and  finally  cotton  were  used.  What  recruiting  officers  those 
starry  banners  were!  They  rendered  better  service  than  provost-marshals 
have  since.  Mr.  Thomas  W.  Davidson,  a  rigger  by  trade,  who  believed  that 
no  height  was  too  lofty  to  bear  the  stars  and  stripes,  raised  the  flag  upon  the 
pinnacle  of  Trinity  and  St.  Paul's,  apparently  at  the  imminent  risk  of  his  life, 
and  offered  to  do  as  much  for  any  church,  gratis.  William  O'Donnell  and 
Charles  McLaughlin,  painters,  clambered  up  Grace  Church  lightning-rod, 
fastened  a  staff  to  the  stem  of  the  cross,  threw  out  the  flag,  and  raised  their  hats 
to  the  crowd  below.  There  have  been  few  open  air  spectacles  more  beautiful 
than  the  display  of  the  national  colors  in  the  cities,  on  two  widely  dissimilar 
occasions  :  when  Sumter  was  lost,  and  when  it  was  recovered.  There  may  be 
a  certain  beauty,  fantastic  and  weird,  in  a  feast  of  lanterns ;  but  there  is  more 
than  beauty,  there  is  grandeur,  inspiration,  sublimity,  in  a  carnival  of  flags. 

Serious  undertaking  though  it  be  to  regale  a  regiment  of  soldiers,  men 
and  women  have  been  found,  or  were  found  in  the  earlier  times,  to  attempt  it, 
yea,  and  to  succeed  in  it.  Two  instances  must  suffice :  that  of  a  New  York 
regiment  treated  to  clams,  and  that  of  a  distribution  of  doughnuts  among  the 
men  of  the  Third  Maine. 

Clams  and  colors !  This  was  the  bill  of  fare  drawn  up  and  paid  for  by  an 
ingenious  gentlemen  who  lived  upon  the  sea-coast.  A  state  and  regimental 
flag  and  thirty  thousand  clams !  Clams  in  such  aggregates  as  this  suggest 
appalling  reflections;  but  they  are  singularly  modified  by  distribution  and 
subdivision,  and  there  remains  but  the  lesser  question  of  individual  digestion. 
But  the  leavings !  Sixty  thousand  clam-shells !  Memories  of  Aristides  and 
ostracism  heave  up  out  of  the  mists  of  other  days,  and  we  wonder  whether 
the  majority  against  The  Just  was  any  thing  like  this.  Then  we  ask  ourselves 
if  ostracizing  a  just  man  is  in  any  wise  different  from  nominating  to  office,  and 
then  defeating,  a  good  man.  Should  Aristides  be  proposed  as  alderman  in 
New  York,  could  he  be  elected  ?  Is  it  not  likely  that  he  was  merely  an  early 
victim  to  universal  suffrage  ?  And  what  right  have  we  to  contemn  the  Greek 
method  of  utilizing  oyster- shells,  when  it  is  plain  we  should  put  the  clam-shell 
to  the  same  use  if  the  paper-mills  should  stop  ? 

Clams  upon  the  coast,  doughnuts  on  the  plain.  The  ladies  of  Augusta 
summoned  the  men  of  the  Third  Maine  to  a  festival,  promising  fifty  bushels 


DOUGHNUTS   FOR  A   REGIMENT. 


45 


THE   LADIES  OF    AUfiCSTA   TREATING    THE  THIRD   MAINE   TO  DOUGHHUT6. 

of  doughnuts.  The  cooks  and  housewives  of  the  city  had  for  days  been 
elaborating  the  viscous  compound,  and  it  appeared  upon  the  field  at  the 
appointed  hour,  cut  into  lengths  and  twisted  into  shapes,  conveyed  in  baskets 
by  persons  who  had  not  yet  been  pronounced  contraband  of  war.  The  soldiers, 
drawn  up  in  hollow  square — how  apt  is  this  word  hollow,  when  applied  to 
men  who  have  fasted  in  view  of  promised  doughnuts ! — received  the  proces- 
sion, which  consisted  of  music,  then  the  ladies,  then  the  doughnuts.  After 
certain  ceremonies,  the  ranks  were  broken,  and  the  martial,  civic,  and  contra- 
band elements  blended  in  pleasing  harmony.  Eye-witnesses  have  given  us 
glimpses  of  the  scene.  It  is  true,  they  say,  that  there  were  a  few  human 
beings,  houses,  and  quadrupeds,  which  might  have  been  remarked,  but 
the  principal  feature  of  the  landscape  was  doughnuts.  Never  was  such  an 
aggregate  seen  since  the  world  began.  The  circumambient  air  was  redolent 
of  doughnuts ;  every  breeze  sighed  doughnuts ;  the  soldiers  ate  doughnuts, 
the  ladies  laughed  doughnuts,  the  distributors  cried  doughnuts.  There  was 
the  molasses  doughnut  and  the  sugar  doughnut,  the  round  doughnut  and  the 
square  doughnut,  the  single-twisted  doughnut  and  the  three-ply  doughnut, 
the  light-riz  doughnut  and  the  hard-kneaded  doughnut  Doughnuts  ruled 
the  camp,  if  not  the  court  and  the  grove.  As  those  who  lived  upon  short 


46  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

commons  sighed  for  the  flesh-pots,  so,  doubtless,  doughnuts  were  remembered 
with  longings  in  the  days  of  hard  tack. 

One  instance  of  another  sort  must  answer  for  hundreds.  Lieutenant  York, 
of  Duryea's  Zouaves,  lost  his  sword  in  an  early  skirmish ;  and  by  "  lost"  it  is 
meant  that  a  grape-shot  struck  it,  broke  the  scabbard  in  halves,  bent  the 
sword,  and  cut  out  a  piece  of  the  blade.  Lieutenant  York  sent  the  remnant 
home  to  his  son,  who  exhibited  it  to  his  father's  colleagues  of  the  bar,  in  the 
Superior  Court  room  in  New  York.  Of  course  a  subscription  was  the  imme- 
diate result,  no  one  being  allowed  to  contribute  more  than  two  dollars.  When 
the  new  sword  was  purchased,  it  was  found  that  money  still  remained,  so  a 
carbine  was  added,  and  after  that  a  field-glass.  The  outfit  of  thousands  of 
officers — their  swords,  their  saddles,  their  horses — were  paid  for  by  coteries  of 
admiring  friends,  or  by  appeals  to  an  indulgent  and  sympathizing  public. 

The  artists  of  New  York  put  their  loyalty  on  record  at  an  early  date.  Several 
of  their  number  had  either  left  the  city  with  their  regiments  or  had  joined  regi- 
ments in  order  to  leave.  Those  who  remained  clubbed  together  to  collect  a 
gallery  of  pictures,  over  which  Mr.  Leeds  should  brandish  his  hammer — driving 
imaginary  nails  on  which  to  hang  the  pictures  when  patriots  had  bought  them. 
One  hundred  and  thirteen  pictures  were  contributed,  and  if  they  had  brought 
two  dollars  more  than  they  did,  the  result  would  have  been  a  round  $5,000. 
We  give  a  specimen  from  the  catalogue,  premising  that  what  is  omitted  from 
this  book,  in  this  case  as  in  others,  is  every  whit  as  good  as  that  which  is  told : 
after  all  we  can  say  or  do,  we  shall  have  given  but  a  sample,  a  taste,  a  glimpse. 
Our  digestion  could  not  bear  a  full  feast,  nor  our  eyes  the  full  glare : 

Moonlight  on  the  Grand  Menan Wm.  Hart $100  00 

Black  Your  Boots,  Sir J.  O.  B.  Inman 45  00 

Swiss  Mountains Casilear 85  00 

Niagara Gignoux 160  00 

Reflection Beard 60  00 

South  Pass,  Rocky  Mountains Bierstadt 50  00 

Cumsean  Sibyl Lang 100  00 

Homeward  through  the  Stream A.  F.  Bellows 140  00 

A  Foxy  Morning Eastman  Johnson 105  00 

Landscape Kensett 105  00 

Stream J.  M.  Hart 80  00 

Paolina ,H.  P.  Gray 80  00 

Happy  Summer  Time G.  A.  Baker 150  00 

Old  Mill McEntee 47  50 

Study Durand 110  00 

Beatrice Huntington 115  00 

The  Life  Boat Warren 60  00 

Death  of  Scipio Darley 75  00 


THE   MISSOURI   FUND. 


47 


New  York  set  the  example,  in  May,  of  aiding,  by  levies  of  money,  the 
eiforts  of  patriots  a  thousand  miles  away.  The  situation  of  Missouri  was  so 
anomalous,  the  condition  of  Union  men  there  so  distressing,  that  assistance 
from  without  was  indispensable  to  enable  them  to  fulfil  their  duty  as  loyal 
inhabitants  of  a  loyal  state.  Mr.  Frank  P.  Blair  asked  the  assistance  of  New 
York  to  enable  him  to  equip  a  regiment  of  Missouri  volunteers ;  Mr.  Isaac 
Sherman  would  receive  subscriptions  and  administer  the  fund.  In  a  month's 
time  the  account  stood  thus,  and  was  finally  closed : 


Friends  of  Missouri,  through  James 

McKaye $1,000 

I.  Sherman 1,000 

Royal  Phelps .' 500 

August  Belmont .' 500 

Geo.  Griswold,  Jr 500 

J.  K  A.  Griswold 500 

James  Lenox 500 

Mr.  Aspinwall        ) 

Mr.  Whitewright   I 500 

Mr.  Hoadley  ) 

Sherman  &  Romaine 400 

Brown  Brothers  &  Co 250 

James  Meinell 250 

Sandy  Hook  Pilots 250 

Great  Western  Ins.  Co 250 

Smith  &  Dimon 200 

Samuel  Wetmore 100 

Meigs  &  Greenleaf 100 


J.  D.  Jones $100 

F.  G.  Shaw 100 

Goodhue  &  Co 100 

J.  F.  Butterworth 100 

R.  P.  Buck  &  Co 100 

D.  Dows  &  Co 100 

C.  H.  Marshall  &  Co 100 

Benj.  B.  Sherman 100 

Duncan,  Sherman  &  Co 100 

W.  H.  Peckham 100 

Western  Transportation  Co 100 

A.  Iselin  &  Co 100 

Seligman  &  Stettheimer 100 

Joseph  Battell 100 

Ephraim  Treadwell's  Sons 100 

Grinnell,  Minturn  &  Co 100 

Benkard  &  Hutton 100 

All  others 6,230 

Clothing 155 


Total $14,885 


Somewhat  later,  when  a  foothold  was  obtained  upon  the  coast  of  North 
Carolina  by  the  capture  of  Fort  Hatteras,  the  inhabitants  of  the  redeemed 
district  were  found  to  be  in  need,  and  a  North  Carolina  Aid  Association 
solicited  money  to  be  spent  in  their  relief.  Ten  thousand  dollars  were  obtained 
for  this  purpose  in  New  York. 

When  Colonel  Stetson,  of  the  Astor  House,  New  York,  was  asked  for  his 
bill  for  the  entertainment  of  regiments  from  Massachusetts,  he  sent  this  mes- 
sage to  Governor  Andrew :  "  The  Astor  House  makes  no  charge  for  feeding 
Massachusetts  troops." 

The  Americans  in  Paris  no  sooner  heard  of  the  events  in  Charleston 
Harbor  than  they  convened  to  concert  measures  in  aid  of  the  government. 
The  first  form  given  to  the  assistance  offered  was  coin ;  the  second,  artillery. 
It  was  thought  that  cannon  were  more  needed  at  home  than  any  other  weapons 


48 


THE  TEIBUTE  BOOK. 


of  offence,  and  accordingly  two  Whitworth  guns  were  in  due  time  dispatched. 
These  were  mounted  first  upon  Federal  Hill,  Baltimore,  and  afterwards  in 
Fort  Ellsworth,  Alexandria.  The  following  was  the  paper,  as  drawn  up  and 
signed  in  Paris  in  May,  1861 : 

We,  the  undersigned,  hereby  agree  to  pay  the  sums  affixed  to  our  names,  for  the 
purpose  of  purchasing  rifled  cannon  to  be  forwarded  to  America,  to  be  used  in  enforcing 
the  laws  and  upholding  the  Constitution  and  Union : 


John  J.  Ridgeway frs.  2,500 

Robert  Sturgis 2,500 

Francis  Warden 2,000 

Messrs.  Crauch,  Dana  &  May,  each  a 

picture,  500  frs 1,500 

A.  E.  Borie 1,000 

Henry  Woods 1,000 

Dr.  Thomas  W.  Evans 1,000 

Mrs.  Dudley  Selden 1,000 

W.  C.  Emmett 1,000 

AYoodbury  Langdon 1,000 

A.  J.  Oipriaut 1,000 

James  Phalen 1,000 

G.  H.  Coster 1,000 

Renel  Smith 1,000 

F.  Sumner 1,000 

J.  K.  Smyth 1,000 

II.  Hutchinson 1,000 

Mrs.  Richard  Ray 1,000 

G.  R.  Russell 1,000 

Dr.  Berger 1,000 

Theodore  Lyman 1,000 

Edward  Brooks 1,000 

J.  D.  Wendel 500 

A.  T.  P 500 

J.  W.  Wheeler 500 

J.  D.  B.  C 500 

Mrs.  C.  F.  Hovey 500 

C.  B.  Hotchkiss 500 

E.  C.  Cowdin 500 

Mrs.  Greenough 500 

Geo.  T.  Richards 500 

James  Eddy 500 

Dr.  Gage 500 

Persifer  Fraser 500 

Theo.  S.  Evans 500 

D.  D.  Howard 500 

II.  W.  Spencer 500 

Horace  II.  Williams 500 

Samuel  Hammond 500 

Mr.  Fagnani   (two   portraits  at  one 

quarter  the  usual  price) 500 


W.  K.  Strong frs.  500 

Geo.  A.  Hearn 500 

J.  S.  Andrews 500 

T.  Wallace  Evans 500 

F.  S.  Lovering 500 

Geo.  B.  English 500 

Madame  de  Courbal 500 

Mrs.  R.  G.  Shaw 500 

G.  H.  Mumford 500 

Mrs.  Colford  Jones 500 

Rev.  C.  T.  Thayer 300 

H.  L ." 300 

Miss  II.  R.  Woolsey 250 

E.  Lincoln 250 

Dr.  Beylard ; 250 

A.  Depeyster 250 

Wm.  A.  Hovey 250 

M.  C.  Burnap 250 

Charles  Pepper 250 

J.  J.  Randolph 250 

Mrs.  H.  L 200 

J.  H.  Deming 200 

J.  H.  Canfield 200 

Mrs.  Lawrence  Moore 200 

Mrs.  Dodge 200 

A.  K.  P.  Cooper 100 

G.  P.  Howell 100 

II.  C.  S 100 

John  Smith 100 

E.  F.  Emmett 100 

G.  Hinckley  Clark 100 

G.  S.  Partridge 100 

Dr.  McClintock 100 

Miss  C.  C.  Woolsey 100 

Mrs.  E.  W.  Clark 100 

Jas.  W.  Tucker 100 

John  Markes 100 

George  Potter 100 

Henry  J.  Hunt 100 

J.  E.  Irvin 100 

A.  P.  Strange 100 

T.  Puison .  .  100 


COLCHESTER  AND  PHILADELPHIA. 


49 


John  Mix frs.  100 

W.  F.  Dodd 100 

Charles  Francis 100 

P.  B 100 

F.  H.  Clark 100 

Mrs.  G 100 

Mr.  Homer.  .  .100 


Rev.  Mr.  Longacre frs.  50 

Rev.  Mr.  Loomis 

Mr.  Eastman 

Dr.  McGowan 

Elbridge  Torry 

John  Lindsey 

J.  Fagnani 


50 
50 
50 
50 
50 
40 


For  a  year  the  voluntary  offerings  of  the  people  continued  upon  the  scale 
indicated  by  the  few  instances  we  have  mentioned.  And  this  scale  was  one 
which  had  been  tacitly  established  or  agreed  upon,  and  represented,  doubtless, 
the  public  idea  of  the  necessities  of  the  case.  But  in  May,  1862,  when  certain 
events  showed  the  need  of  the  country  to  be  far  greater  than  had  been  sup- 
posed, the  spirit  of  giving  rose  with  the  occasion.  General  Banks  was  com- 
pelled to  retreat  down  the  Shenandoah  Valley  and  to  recross  the  Potomac. 
Washington  was  again  believed  to  be  in  danger,  and  the  militia  of  the  neigh- 
boring states  were  again  called  out.  Soon  after,  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was 
forced,  after  inflicting  and  suffering  great  loss,  to  abandon  its  attempt  on 
Eichmond ;  Pope  was  defeated  in  the  Valley  of  Virginia,  and  the  now  defiant 
army  of  the  rebels  crossed  the  Potomac  into  Maryland.  Under  the  spur  of 
this  second  necessity,  the  contributions  of  the  people  were  to  those  made  after 
the  fall  of  Sumter  and  the  defeat  of  Bull  Run  as  sixteen  is  to  seven.  Such 
statistics  as  are  accessible  show  the  voluntary  contributions  of  the  second  year 
to  have  been  more  than  double  those  of  the  first.  Disaster  seemed  only  to 
stimulate  to  further  exertion,  and  whether  the  call  was  for  money  or  men,  the 
supply  and  the  willingness  to  furnish  either  the  one  or  the  other  kept  steady 
pace  with  the  demand.  Every  town  and  village  had  its  war  fund,  its  relief 
committee,  its  disbursing  officers.  An  example  or  two  will  show  how  these 
matters  were  managed  in  1862.  "We  take  one  village,  Colchester,  Connecticut ; 
and  one  city,  Philadelphia. 

Colchester  may  be  dismissed  in  a  few  words.  The  inhabitants  first  sub- 
scribed to  a  fund  for  the  promotion  of  enlistments ;  then  to  a  fund  for  the 
relief  of  the  families  of  volunteers.  Both  the  soldiers  and  their  wives  and 
children  were  handsomely  dealt  with.  Then  the  village  doctor  promised  to 
prescribe  for  those  left  behind,  gratis ;  then  the  clergymen  engaged  to  furnish 
them  sittings  in  all  the  churches,  gratis ;  next,  the  village  apothecary  declared 
that  he  would  put  up  all  prescriptions  for  the  wives  and  children  of  soldiers, 
gratis  ;  and,  finally,  the  undertaker  agreed  that  if  the  physician  and  the  drug- 
gist labored  in  vain,  and  any  soldier's  heir'  died,  he  would  bury  him  gratis. 
The  quota  of  Colchester  was  filled  at  an  early  day. 


50  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

"We  take  the  case  of  Philadelphia,  for  the  reason  that  the  sum  obtained 
was  by  far  the  largest  bounty  and  defence  fund  ever  raised  by  subscription ; 
it  therefore  serves  for  itself  and  for  those  of  all  smaller  communities,  as  the 
greater  includes  the  less.  Doubtless  the  exposure  of  the  city  to  invasion  lent 
a  certain  zest  to  the  proceedings  of  the  various  assemblages,  but  it  is  not  neces- 
sary to  suppose  that  a  sense  of  danger  placed  one  additional  dollar  upon  the 
books.  It  was  the  16th  of  July;  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  at  Harrison's 
Landing,  and  the  rebel  forces,  relieved  from  the  necessity  of  defending  Rich- 
mond, were  preparing  to  assume  the  offensive.  The  President  was  known  to 
be  preparing  an  order  for  a  draft,  to  compel  the  filling  of  quotas  under  the  call 
for  300,000  men.  A  public-spirited  citizen  wrote  to  one  of  the  morning 
papers  that  he  would  be  glad  to  be  one  of  one  hundred  persons  to  subscribe 
$1,000  each,  towards  raising  ten  regiments  in  the  city.  This  proposal  was 
seconded  in  the  papers  of  the  next  day ;  and  two  days  afterwards  another  cor- 
respondent made  known  his  willingness  to  be  one  of  the  hundred,  adding  that 
he  inferred  from  the  remarks  of  a  friend,  that  that  gentleman  could  also  be 
counted  upon. 

On  Thursday,  the  24th  of  July,  a  preliminary  meeting  of  citizens  was  held 
at  the  rooms  of  the  Board  of  Trade,  the  mayor  of  the  city  in  the  chair.  Mr. 
John  D.  Watson  stated  that  the  meeting  was  called  in  consequence  of  the 
proclamation  issued  by  the  governor,  urging  every  city,  town,  and  borough  in 
the  commonwealth,  to  take  some  action  in  the  now  pressing  matter  of  providing 
bounties  and  filling  the  contingent  of  Pennsylvania.  Money  could  not  be 
obtained  from  the  treasury  without  authority  of  law,  and  the  legislature  was 
not  in  session.  It  must  be  raised  by  individual  subscription.  Harrisburg 
had  set  the  example,  and  it  was  time  that  Philadelphia  followed  it.  Mr. 
Charles  Gilpin  thought  that  the  occasion  appealed  both  to  the  honor  and 
selfishness  of  the  people.  The  solid  men  should  now  come  forward.  For 
himself,  he  was  not  able  to  serve  as  a  private,  and  he  had  not  the  faculty  of 
command ;  he  was  not  rich,  but  he  would  place  one  thousand  dollars — in  his 
opinion  a  small  contribution — at  the  service  of  the  country.  Mr.  Gilpin  was 
the  first  subscriber. 

The  Hon.  Henry  D.  Moore  said  that  there  were  three  causes  which  retarded 
enlistments  in  Pennsylvania ;  first,  the  laboring  classes  were  earning  better 
wages  than  were  paid  by  government ;  second,  the  floating  population  had 
already  been  absorbed ;  and,  third,  neighboring  states  and  towns  had  offered 
bounties  as  an  inducement  to  volunteer,  while  Pennsylvania  had  offered  none. 
Bounties  must  be  offered,  and  the  citizens  must  provide  for  their  payment. 


THE  PHILADELPHIA  BOUNTY  FUND.  51 

Mr.  Lorin  Blodget  submitted  a  series  of  resolutions  providing  for  the  ap- 
pointment of  committees. 

The  three  gentlemen  whom  we  have  mentioned  as  proposing  to  contribute 
$1,000  each,  now  proved  their  sincerity.  A  paper  was  handed  to  the  mayor 
containing  the  names  of  eleven  firms  pledged  for  $15,000,  in  case  the  sum  of 
$100,000  should  be  subscribed,  for  the  purpose  of  raising  ten  city  regiments, 
under  the  direction  of  the  mayor.  It  was  thought  best,  however,  to  leave  the 
matter  in  the  hands  of  the  state  authorities,  and  the  plan  was  not  adopted. 
The  officers  to  collect  and  administer  the  fund  were  now  appointed,  as  fol- 
lows : 

Chairman, 
ALEXANDER  HENRY,  Mayor  of  the  City. 

Vice-  Chairman, 
THOMAS  WEBSTER. 

Treasurer, 
S.  A.  MERCER. 

Secretary, 
LORIN  BLODGET. 

Disbursing  Committee, 

MICHAEL  V.  BAKER,  GEORGE  WHITNEY, 

S.  A.  MERCER. 

Committee, 

ALEXANDER  HENRY,  WILLIAM  WELSH, 

CHARLES  GIBBONS,  J.  Eoss  SNOWDEN, 

CHARLES  D.  FREEMAN,  A.  E.  BORIE, 

S.  A.  MERCER,  S.  W.  DE  COURSEY, 

DR.  JAMES  MCCLINTOCK,  GEORGE  H.  STUART, 

THOMAS  WEBSTER,  M.  Y.  BAKER, 

GEORGE  WHITNEY,  J.  E.  ADDICKS, 

J.  D.  WATSON,  JAMES  MILLIKEN, 

L.  BLODGET,  JAMES  C.  HAND. 

A  subscription  book  was  formally  opened,  and  before  the  meeting  ad- 
journed nearly  $36,000  had  been  promised.  During  the  progress  of  the  meet- 
ing, the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Pennsylvania  Eailroad  Company  had 


52  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

indited  a  letter  to  Governor  Curtin  to  the  effect  that  $50,000  of  their  money 
was  at  the  disposal  of  the  executive,  or  of  a  duly  appointed  committee,  for 
bounty  money  to  soldiers.  The  next  day,  the  Philadelphia  and  Reading 
Railroad  Company  subscribed  $25,000,  and  private  citizens  $34,000  more. 
On  Saturday,  under  the  genial  influence  of  a  war  meeting,  held  in  Indepen- 
dence Square,  $42,000  were  received.  Subscriptions  continued  to  be  made 
till  the  middle  of  September,  when  the  sum  total  was  within  a  few  thousand 
dollars  of  half  a  million.  We  subjoin  the  list,  as  perhaps  the  most  remarkable 
to  which  the  rebellion  has  given  birth ;  and,  to  make  this  .brief  story  of  the 
Philadelphia  Bounty  Fund  complete,  append  a  statement  of  the  objects  to 
which  the  money  was  applied.  The  reader  will  find  these  columns  of  names 
more  interesting  than,  at  first  glance,  he  would  perhaps  be  inclined  to  suppose, 
and  their  value  will  increase  with  age  : 


PHILADELPHIA  BOUNTY  FUND— JULY,  AUGUST,  SEPTEMBEE,  1862. 


Pennsylvania  Railroad  Co $50,000  00 

Philadelphia  and  Reading  Rail- 
road Company 25,000  00 

Bank  of  North  America 10,000  00 

Philadelphia  Bank 6,000  00 

Philadelphia    Saving  Fund   So- 
ciety    5,000  00 

Green  Tree  Mutual  Ins.  Co 5,000  00 

Mutual  Assurance  Company  for 

Insuring  Houses 5,000  00 

Franklin  Fire  Insurance  Co 5,000  00 

Philadelphia       Contributionship 

Insurance  Company 5,000  00 

Farmers'  and  Mechanics'  Bank. .  5,000  00 

S.  V.  Merrick 8,000  00 

McKean,  Borie  &  Co 3,000  00 

Benjamin  Bullock  &  Sons 3,000  00 

A.  Whitney  &  Sons 3,000  00 

Girard  Bank 3,000  00 

North  American  Insurance  Co. .  2,500  00 

Delaware  Mutual  Insurance  Co.  2,500  00 

Commercial  Bank 2,500  00 

Pennsylvania  Fire  Insurance  Co.  2,500  00 
Philadelphia  Steam  Propeller  Co.  2,500  00 
Philadelphia  and  Trenton  Rail- 
road Company 2,500  00 

I.  P.  Morris,  Towne  &  Co 2,000  00 

Wm.  H.  Horstmann  &  Sons 2,000  00 

Sellers  &  Co 2,000  00 

Morris,  Tasker  &  Co 2,000  00 


Pennsylvania  Company  for  Insu- 
rance on  Lives  and  Granting 

Annuities $2,000  00 

Philadelphia,    Wilmington     and 

Baltimore  Railroad  Company.  2,000  00 

Neafie  &  Levy 2,000  00 

Western  Bank 1,500  00 

Bank  of  Northern  Liberties 1,500  00 

W.  P.  Wilstach  &  Co 1,500  00 

American  Bank  Note  Company.  1,500  00 

Reliance  Mutual  Insurance  Co. .  1,500  00 

American  Fire  Insurance  Co 1,500  00 

Employees  of  Schuylkill  Arsenal  1,200  00 

John  Grigg 1,100  00 

Chas.  Gilpin 1,000  00 

Wm.  Welsh 1,000  00 

A  friend,  per  Wm.  Welsh 1,000  00 

Hanson  Robinson 1,000  00 

Henry  Winsor 1,000  00 

John  T.  Lewis  &  Brothers 1,000  00 

Daniel  Haddock 1,000  00 

John  Ashurst 1,000  00 

Joseph  B.  Myers 1,000  00 

Samuel  S.  White 1,000  00 

J.  E.  Caldwell 1,000  00 

Stuart  &  Brother 1,000  00 

John  Haseltine 1,000  00 

Wm.  H.  Kern 1,000  00 

Edward  C.  Knight  &  Co 1,000  00 

Stephen  &  Jas.  M.  Flanagan. . . .  1,000  00 


THE   PHILADELPHIA   BOUNTY   FUND. 


53 


Henry  M.  Watts $1,000  00 

Welling,  Coffin  &  Co 1,000  00 

Wm.  B.  Mann 1,000  00 

Bailey  &  Co 1,000  00 

Taylor,  Gillespie  &  Co 1  000  00 

De  Coursey,  Lafourcade  &  Co  . .  1,000  00 

John  B.  Alyers 1,000  00 

C.  Sherman  &  Son 1,000  00 

J.  P.  Hutehinson 1,000  00 

W.  A.  Blanchard 1,000  00 

Drexel  &  Co 1,000  00 

Jay  Cooke  &  Co 1,000  00 

Cabeen  &  Co 1,000  00 

Benjamin  Homer 1,000  00 

Thomas  Sparks 1,000  00 

Evan  Kandolph 1,000  00 

John  Gibson,  Sons  &  Co 1,000  00 

lungerich  &  Smith 1,000  00 

Daniel  Smith,  Jr . . . 1,000  00 

C.  &  H.  Borie 1,000  00 

Edward  M.  Hopkins 1,000  00 

Jacob  Jones 1,000  00 

Henry  J.  Williams 1,000  00 

John  Dallett  &  Co 1,000'  00 

S.  B.  Van  Syckel 1,000  00 

Tatham  &  Brothers 1,000  00 

W.  R.  White 1,000  00 

N.  Trotter  &  Co 1,000  00 

Slade,  Smith  &  Co 1,000  00 

Bloomfield  H.  Moore 1,000  00 

A.  D.  Jessup 1,000  00 

J.  B.  Lippincott  &  Co 1,000  00 

Captain  W.  Whilldin 1,000  00 

Howell  &  Brothers 1,000  00 

Henry  Simons 1,000  00 

Charles  P.  Fox 1,000  00 

Mercer  &  Antelo 1,000  00 

Joseph  Swift 1,000  00 

Thomas  Drake 1,000  00 

Charles  N.  Baker 1,000  00 

John  Mason  &  Co 1,000  00 

Stewart,  Carson  &  Co 1,000  00 

Alexander  Benson  &  Co 1,000  00 

Horace  Binney 1,000  00 

James  Eowland  &  Co 1,000  00 

Brown,  Hill  &  Co 1,000  00 

J.  Rhea  Barton,  M.  D 1,000  00 

Leonard  &  Baker 1,000  00 

Peter  Williamson 1,000  00 

James,  Kent  &  Santee 1,000  00 

Edmund  A.  Souder  &  Co 1,000  00 

Edwin  Forrest 1,000  00 


Sharpless  Brothers $1,000  00 

Charles  Gibbons 1,000  00 

W.  M.  Meredith 1,000  00 

T.  W.  Evans 1,000  00 

Tredick,  Stokes  &  Co 1,000  00 

Geo.  P.  Smith 1,000  00 

Chas.  S.  Coxe 1,000  00 

Girard  Life  Insurance  Company.  1,000  00 

Adams'  Express  Company 1,000  00 

Bank  of  Penn  Township 1,000  00 

American  Life  and  Trust  Co 1,000  00 

Fire  Association  of  Philadelphia.  1,000  00 

J.  R.  Ingersoll 1,000  00 

Manufacturers'   and    Mechanics' 

Bank 1,000  00 

Riegel,  Wiest  &  Ervin 1,000  00 

Cornelius  &  Baker 1,000  00 

A.  Campbell  &  Co 1,000  00 

Baltimore  &  Philadelphia  Steam- 
boat Company 1,000  00 

New  York  and  Baltimore  Trans- 
portation Line 1,000  00 

Wm.  C.  Houston  &  Thos.  Mott. .  1,000  00 

Phoenix  Iron  Company 1,000  00 

Thomas  P.  Hooper 1,000  00 

John  Pondir 1,000  00 

Noblit,  Brown  &  Noblit 1,000  00 

Evans  Rogers 1,000  00 

Philadelphia  and  New  York  Ex- 
press Steamboat  Company. ...  1,000  00 

Samuel  Welsh 1,000  00 

Philadelphia  Hide    and   Tallow 

Association 1,000  00 

John  J.  Ridge  way,  of  Paris 1,000  00 

John  A.  Brown 1,000  00 

Tyler,  Stone  &  Co 1,000  00 

James  Dundas 1,000  00 

K  R.  Chambers 1,000  00 

Thos.  Wattson  &  Sons 1,000  00 

A  Visitor  at  Brigantine  Beach. .  1,000  00 

J.  B.  Moorhead 1,000  00 

J.  V.  Williamson 1,000  00 

William  Bucknell 1,000  00 

Union  Mutual  Insurance  Co. . . .  1,000  00 

Chas.  Macalester 1,000  00 

Jas.  C.  Hand  &  Co 1,000  00 

Murphy  &  Allison 1,000  00 

Dr.  D.  Jayne  &  Son 1,000  00 

Powers  &  Weightman 1,000  00 

Jacob  P.  Jones 1,000  00 

Bank  of  Commerce 1,000  00 

Phoenix  Mutual  Insurance  Co ...  1,000  00 


54 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


City  Bank $1,000  00 

R.  F.  Loper 1,000  00 

Geo.  F.  Peabody  &  Co 1,000  00 

Insurance  Company  of  the  State 

of  Pennsylvania 1,000  00 

Kensington  Bank 1,000  00 

Le  Fevre,  Park  &  Co 1,000  00 

Pennsylvania  Mutual  Life  Insu- 
rance Company 1,000  00 

Shaffner,  Zeigler  &  Co 1,000  00 

Tradesmen's  Bank 1,000  00 

Consolidation  Bank 1,000  00 

Southwark  Bank 1,000  00 

Thomas  Smith 1,000  00 

David  Milne 800  00 

J.  H.  Ingham 700  00 

Philadelphia  Board  of  Brokers .  .  600  00 

Geo.  D.  Parrish 500  00 

Thomas  A.  Scott 500  00 

Gans,  Leberman  &  Co 500  00 

W.  R.  Thompson 500  00 

Thompson,  Clarke  &  Young 500  00 

John  Baird 500  00 

Wain,  Learning  &  Co 500  00 

Tobias  Wagner 500  00 

Chas.  W.  Poultney 500  00 

W.  H.  Newbold,  Son  &  Aertsen.  500  00 

Wm.  Rowland  &  Co 500  00 

A.  J.  Lewis 500  00 

Verree  &  Mitchell 500  00 

Chas.  Taylor 500  00 

John  Stone  &  Sons 500  00 

William  S.  Smith 500  00 

John  C.  Farr 500  00 

D.  B.  Cummins 500  00 

Reece,  Seal  &  Co 500  00 

K  &  G.  Taylor 500  00 

H.  B.  &  G.  W.  Benners 500  00 

Isaac  Lea 500  00 

Mrs.  Anne  Hertzog 500  00 

Samuel  Powell 500  00 

Baeder,  Delaney  &  Adamson. . .  500  00 

Wm.  Ashbridge 500  00 

E.  S.  Whelen  &  Co 500  00 

Hay  &  McDevitt 500  00 

Wm.  M.  Baird 500  00 

M.  &  C.  Sternberger 500  00 

Esherick,  Black  &  Co 500  00 

Humphreys,  Hoffman  &  Wright.  500  00 

Wilcox,  Brothers  &  Co 500  00 

Thomas  Clyde 500  00 

William  H.  Hart..  500  00 


John  M.  Ford $500  00 

John  Wyeth  &  Brother 500  00 

Joseph  B.  Lapsley 500  00 

Cumberland  Nail  &  Iron  Works.  500  00 

Charles  E.  Smith 500  00 

Hunter,  Scott  &  Co 500  00 

Rosengarten  &  Sons 500  00 

Proprietors  of  Evening  Bulletin.  500  00 

Joseph  Campion 500  00 

Wm.  Struthers 500  00 

John  Rodman  Paul 500  00 

Stillwell  S.  Bishop 500  00 

James  Manderson 500  00 

T.  C.  Henry  &  Co 500  00 

Philip  S.  Justice 500  00 

Samuel  R.  Phillips 500  00 

E.  C.  &  P.  H.  Warren 500  00 

Alexander  Henry 500  00 

E.  W.  Clark  &  Co 500  00 

Little,  Stokes  &  Co 500  00 

James  R.  Campbell 500  00 

John  W.  Forney 500  00 

Charles  Spencer 500  00 

Delaware  Mutual  Insurance  Co.  500  00 

Union  Steamship  Co 500  00 

S.  B.  Stitt 500  00 

Commonwealth  Bank 500  00 

Wilson,  Childs  &  Co 500  00 

Michael  F.  Clark 500  00 

Tioga  Railroad  Co 500  00 

Martin  Landenberger 500  00 

Philadelphia  Master  Plasterers' 

Society 500  00 

W.  E.  Garrett  &  Sons 500  00 

Alexander  Brown 500  00 

E.  Jessup 500  00 

George  F.  Lee 500  00 

Abraham  Baker 500  00 

Andrew  M.  Jones 500  00 

William  D.  Jones  &  Co 50000 

Smith,  Williams  &  Co 500  00 

William  S.  Hansell  &  Sons 500  00 

William  Harmer 500  00 

Yarnell  &  Trimble 500  00 

Union  Bank 500  00 

Enterprise  Insurance  Co 500  00 

J.  Emory  Stone 500  00 

Frishmuth  &  Co 500  00 

Edwin  Greble 500  00 

Bank  of  Germantown 500  00 

Anthracite  Insurance  Co 500  00 

Wilmington  Steamboat  Co 500  00 


THE  PHILADELPHIA  BOUNTY  FUND. 


Corn  Exchange  Bank $500  00 

Wm.  Richardson 500  00 

Stephen  G.  Fotterall 500  00 

Adam  Warthman 500  00 

Noble,  Caldwell  &  Co 500  00 

Davis  Pearson  &  Co 500  00 

Billings,  Roop  &  Co 500  00 

Geo.  C.  Thomas 50000 

Lewis  &  Damon 500  00 

American  Mutual  Insurance  Co.  500  00 

O.  Colket 500  00 

Furness,  Brinley  &  Co 500  00 

John  M.  Reed 500  00 

Ludwig,  Kneedler  &  Co 500  00 

Edward  Coles 500  00 

Girard  Fire  and  Marine  Ins.  Co.  500  00 

T.  &  J.  W.  Johnson  &  Co 500  00 

Arnold,  Xusbaum  &  Nirdlinger.  500  00 

Francis  King 500  00 

Vetterlein  &  Co 500  00 

Alan  Wood  &  Co 40000 

Shields  &  Brother 400  00 

S.  &  C.  Schofield 400  00 

Elias  D.  Kennedy 400  00 

J.  Wood  &  Brothers 40000 

Robert  Coburn  &  Son. . , 400  00 

Crissey  &  Markley 350  00 

Evans  &  Hassall 300  00 

E.  P.  Moyer  &  Brothers 300  00 

Rockhill  &  Wilson 300  00 

Gilbert  Royal  &  Co 300  00 

Stevenson  &  Maris 300  00 

Joseph  F.  Page 300  00 

Code,  Hopper  &  Co 300  00 

French,  Richards  &  Co 300  00 

John  Eisenbrey 300  00 

Clement  L.  Hughes 300  00 

Grocers'  Sugar  House 300  00 

Jesse  Smith 300  00 

Ficken  &  Williams 300  00 

Reynolds,  Howell  &  Reiff 300  00 

Grove  &  Brother 300  00 

Dr.  David  James 300  00 

G.  D.  Wetherill 300  00 

S.  T.  Altemus 300  00 

Dr.  Charles  Willing 300  00 

Field  &  Keehmle 300  00 

McAllister  &  Brother 300  00 

James  Graham  &  Co 300  00 

Cornelius  A.  Walborn 300  00 

Thomas  W.  Price 300  00 

W.  W.  Knight  &  Son 300  00 


Geo.  B.  Reece,  Son  &  Co $300  00 

Henry  Stiles 300  00 

Chas.  P.  Relf 300  00 

Jeanes,  Scattergood  &  Co 300  00 

B.  P.  Hutchinson 300  00 

Cox,  Whiteman  &  Cox 300  00 

H.  Geiger 300  00 

Benneville  D.  Brown 300  00 

Harris,  Heyl  &  Co 300  00 

L.  A.  Godey 300  00 

Wharton  Chancellor 300  00 

John  F.  Gilpin 300  00 

Miss  Mary  Gibson 300  00 

Southwick,  Sheble  &  Co 300  00 

C.  H.  Harkness 300  00 

Fairman  Rogers 300  00 

Brooks,  Brother  &  Co 300  00 

Lawlor,  Everett  &  Hincken 300  00 

James  M.  Preston 300  00 

Eagle  Mills 300  00 

Martin  Nixon 300  00 

Joel  Thomas 300  00 

Rev.  Dr.  Ducachet 300  00 

George  Fales 300  00 

Chambers  &  Cattell 300  00 

Edwin  Swift 300  00 

Henry  Disston 300  00 

Farmers'  Market 300  00 

R.  Shoemaker  &  Co 300  00 

Thomas  Earp 300  00 

Hunsworth,  Eakins  &  Naylor  ..  .  30000 

Patterson,  Morgan  &  Caskey . . .  300  00 

Henry  Helmuth 300  00 

Marshall,  Griffith  &  Co 300  00 

Joseph  Jones 300  00 

John  McAllister 300  00 

Sower,  Barnes  &  Co 300  00 

Employees   of  Riegel,  Wiest    & 

Ervin 287  50 

Employees  of  Wm.  SeUers  &  Co .  269  7fi 

Charles  Megarge  &  Co 250  00 

Wright,  Brothers  &  Co 250  00 

R.  H.  Gratz&Co 25000 

A.  T.  Lane 250  00 

Rutter  &  Patteson 250  00 

Sharp,  Haines  &  Co 250  00 

M.  B.  Mahony  &  Co 250  00 

A.  C.  Barclay 250  00 

Prichett,  Baugh  &  Co 250  00 

Barcroft  &  Co 250  00 

W.  F.  Hansell 250  00 

Feltus  &  Zimmerling 250  00 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Wm.  Aslmrst $250  00 

F.  A.  Hoyt  &  Brother 250  00 

Edwin  K.  Myers 250  00 

James  Bayard 250  00 

Frothingham  &  Wells 250  00 

Davis  &  Co 250  00 

N.  Middleton  &  Co 250  00 

E.  J.  Maginnis 250  00 

Robert  Ewing 250  00 

Samuel  Castner 250  00 

Lock  wood  Manufacturing  Co. . .  250  00 

George  Martin 250  00 

Benjamin  Sharp 250  00 

K  Rollings    &  Brother 250  00 

Irwin  &  Stinson 250  00 

Henry  Croskey  &  Co 250  00 

Hon.  Wm.  Milward 250  00 

Geo.  W.  Childs 250  00 

Joseph  Oat  &  Son 250  00 

A.  B.  Carver  &  Co 250  00 

M.  Thomas  &  Son 250  00 

Jacob  W.  Goff 250  00 

Alfred  C.  Harmer 250  00 

Wolgamuth,  Raleigh  &  Co 250  00 

W.  S.  Stewart  &  Co 25000 

Thos.  A.  Biddle 250  00 

Samuel  B.  Thomas 250  00 

L.  Johnson  &  Co 250  00 

Samuel  F.  Smith 250  00 

Morris,  Patterson  &  Co 250  00 

Richard  T.  Shepherd 250  00 

Geo.  L.  Harrison 250  00 

H.  T.  Desilver '  250  00 

Edwin  Kirkpatrick 250  00 

Edwin  M.  Lewis 250  00 

Samuel  Gorgas 250  00 

Robert  K.  Neff 250  00 

James  Simpson  &  Neil 250  00 

C.  F.  &  G.  G.  Lennig 25000 

Garretson,  Brady  &  Co 250  00 

J.  M.  Mitchell  &  Co 250  00 

B.  D.  Stewart  &  Son 250  00 

Henry   C.  Lea 250  00 

Samuel  A.  Lewis 250  00 

Allen  &  Needles 250  00 

Horace  Binney,  Jr 200  00 

Wm.  F.  Hughes 200  00 

Harrison,  Bros.  &  Co 200  00 

Richard  Wistar 200  00 

Hood,  Bombright  &  Co 200  00 

J.  R.  &  J.  Price 200  00 

Chas.  J.  Peterson. .  200  00 


M.  Lewis $200  00 

Hillman  &  Streaker 

D.  C.  Spooner 

Garrett  &  Martin 

Samuel  II.  Carpenter 

Vance  &  Landis 

S.  H.  Bush  &  Co 

E.  J.  Lewis 

H.  Weiner 

Fred.  Brown 

J.  W.  Everman  &  Co 

Conrad  &  Serrill 

Jonathan  Patterson 

J.  B.  Mitchell 

Chas.  T.  Yerkes 

Thomas  I.  Potts 

James  Hogg 

Hance,  Griffith  &  Co 

W.  L.  Schaffer 

J.  Craig  Miller 

Shloss  &  Brother 

George  Gilpin 

George  A.  Wood 

Samuel  Norris 

Adam  Everley 

John  Lambert 

Wm.  H.  Woodward 

Lewis  Thompson  &  Co 

Wabash  Mill 

John  R.  McCurdy 

Stillman  &  Ellis 

Strauss  &  Goldman 

Wm.  C.  Bowen 

Charles  Leland 

Win.  Musser , 

Wm.  Mann 

Miss  M.  M.  Barclay 

Wm.  Kirkham 

Chas.  Dutilh 

J.  W.  Rulon  &  Son 

Wm.  S.  Baird 

Heaton  and  Denckla 

Boyd  &  Stroud 

Charles  O'Neill 

Mrs.  Geo.  N.  Baker 

Thomas  Robins 

James  L.  Claghorn 

W.  T.  Lowber 

Thos.  II.  Megear 

G.  D.  Wetherill  &  Co 

Geo.  W.  Hamersley 

John  R.  Coxe. . . 


200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 


THE   PHILADELPHIA  BOUNTY  FUND. 


57 


Dr.  G.  Emerson $200  00 

Adeline  &  Margaretta  Sager-. . .  200  00 

Muzzey  &  Monroe 200  00 

Jacob  Rech 200  00 

Peter  Sieger 200  00 

James  W.  Paul 200  00 

Lawrence  Lewis,  Jr 200  00 

Benners  &  Draper 200  00 

A.  C.  Jones 200  00 

Withers  &  Peterson 200  00 

Jacob  Sharp 200  00 

Handy  &  Brenner.  . .    200  00 

Chas.  Koons 200  00 

John  Horn 200  00 

F.  L.  Bodine 200  00 

S.  &  G.  W.  Townsend 200  00 

Davis  &  Wickersham 200  00 

E.  J.  Etting  &  Brother 200  00 

Wm.  Warner 200  00 

Henry  Duhring 200  00 

Edward  S.  Willing 200  00 

Isaac  Norris 200  00 

Henry  C.  Townsend 200  00 

Abraham  Barker 200  00 

Samuel  Barton 200  00 

Clement  Biddle 200  00 

Nathan  Young 200  00 

Chas.  Young 200  00 

Leon  Berg  &  Co 200  00 

John  T.  Taitt 200  00 

Jos.  B.  Bussier  &  Co 200  00 

C.  W.  Churchman 200  00 

Milne  Brothers 200  00 

Ward  B.  Haseltine 200  00 

Henry  D.  Moore 200  00 

Solomon  Gans 150  00 

Percival  Roberts 150  00 

W.  H.  Hunter 150  00 

D.  W.  Denison 150  00 

Robert  P.  Desilver 150  00 

Employees  of  Industrial  Works, 

2029  Callowhill  street 150  00 

M.  Lukens  &  Co 150  00 

Snowden  &  Brother 150  00 

Wm.  McFadden  &  Son 150  00 

John  Maxson  &  Son 1 50  00 

David  Wallace 150  00 

John  Button  &  Sons 150  00 

Miss  Rebecca  Gratz , 150  00 

Sheppard,  Van  Harlingen  &  Ar- 

rison 150  00 

Wm.  A.  Drown  &  Co. . .  150  00 


Bockius  Brothers $150  00 

George  Watson 150  00 

George  A.  Coffey 150  00 

S.  M.  Felton 150  00 

Employees  of  Asa  Whitney  & 

Sons 132  00 

Wm.  Allen  &  Sons 125  00 

Pemberton  S.  Hutchinson 125  00 

Spencer  H.  Hazard 125  00 

Employees  of  Union  Steam  Sugar 

Refining  Company 108  50 

Chas.  M.  Wagner 100  00 

John  Long 100  00 

Geo.  R.  Harmstead 100  00 

A.  L.  Vansant 100  00 

Jos.  Gillingham 100  00 

0.  S.  Janney  &  Co 100  00 

T.  &  F.  Evans 100  00 

Chas.  Penrose 100  00 

John  Welsh 100  00 

Joseph  Perot 100  00 

E.  K.  Tryon 100  00 

Daniel  Dougherty 100  00 

James  Hopkins 100  00 

Arthur  Ritchie 100  00 

George  Helmuth 100  00 

John  E.  Gould 100  00 

Samuel  Bradford 100  00 

Captain   R.   B.   Decan,   of  ship 

Westmoreland 100  00 

Horace  Moses 100  00 

Jas.  S.  Earle  &  Son 100  00 

Thos.  McEuen 100  00 

W.  Schively 100  00 

George  Mitchell 100  00 

H.  Geiger  &  Co 100  00 

George  W.  Toland 100  00 

Charles  Perot 100  00 

Saml.  L.  Shober 100  00 

Mrs.  Saml.  L.  Shober 100  00 

S.  D.  Walton  &  Co 10000 

Eyre  &  Landell 100  00 

Wm.  K.  Bray 100  00 

Jacob  Fritz 100  00 

Abraham  Wilt ; . .  100  00 

Thomas  C.  Love 100  00 

Geo.  W.  Reed  &  Co 10000 

H.  Kellogg  &  Sons 100  00 

Henry  W.  Hensel 100  00 

S.  Milliken  &  Co 100  00 

1.  Peterson  &  Co 100  00 

Dr.  Henry  W.  Rihl 100  00 


58 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


James  Lesley $10000        John  W.  Claghorn $10000 


B.  Hooley  &  Son 

Thorn  &  McKeone 

G.  M.  Hickling  &  Co 

Aaron  A.  Hurley 

Fries  &  Lehman 

James  Traquair 

Wm.  C.  Kudman 

Dr.  L.  S.  Filbert 

Thomas  Singer 

Cramp  &  Sons 

Wm.  Stevenson 

Chas.  Wister 

John  R.  Blakiston 

N.  B.  Browne 

Abm.  R.  Perkins 

C.  Prudden 

R.  Nece 

Dr.  E.  Morwitz 

J.  S.  Phillips 

Wm.  Chancellor 

Geo.  Dodd  &  Son 

James  and  Joseph  Morgan . 

W.  D.  Glenn 

Wm.  J.  Taylor 

Tyndale  &  Mitchell 

James  W.  Scott 

Jacob  Hentz 

J.  Henry  Wentz 

Dr.  McClintock 

Geo.  R.  Smith 

Frank  Haseltine 

James  G.  Smith 

Samuel  T.  Bodine 

Isaac  Ilazlehurst 

Troutman  &  May 

Thos.  II.  Speakman 

James  Reisky 

Brooke  &  Fuller 

Pearson  Yard 

Lukens  &  Montgomery 

R.  M.  Dunlevy 

Amos  Ellis 

Benj.  G.  Godfrey 

Win.  Y.  Colladay 

J.  Smith  Harris 

Amos  Briggs 

Samuel  F.  Fisher 

Jrio.  R.  Worrell 

Francis  Tete 

Farrel,  Herring  &  Co 

A.  Winchester . . 


100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 


J.  V.  Cowell 

John  Castner 

Robert  Churchman 

O.  Gilpin 

Bowen  &  Fox 

Arthur  G.  Coffin . . . 

L.  Herbert 

L.  A.  Godey  ...'... 
Charles  Schaffer  . . . 
G.  Rush  Smith  . 


100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

E.  P.  Middleton  &  Brother 100  00 

Wetherill  &  Brother 100  00 

John  Davis 100  00 

C.  H.  Grant 100  00 

Wm.  Gulager 100  00 

Motz  &  Boehm 100  00 

E.  C.  Pratt 100  00 

N.  H.  Graham 100  00 

Altemus  &  Cozens 100  00 

Kates  &  Foster 100  00 

Mrs.  Sarah  Benners 100  00 

Warner  &  Kline 100  00 

Harrold,  Williams  &  Co 100  00 

A.  Wray&Co 10000 

K  Chauncey 100  00 

John  M.  Kennedy 100  00 

Henry  Handy 100  00 

John  Me  Arthur 100  00 

Mrs.  David  Webster 100  00 

James  Lees 100  00 

J.  F.  Nicholas 100  00 

Isaac  Ford 100  00 

Christopher  Bockius 100  00 

George  Bockius 100  00 

James  T.  Sutton  &  Co 100  00 

Jabez  Gates 100  00 

O.  J.  Wister,  M.  D 100  00 

Ridgeway  &  Rufe 100  00 

John  Armstrong 100  00 

A.  Miskey 100  00 

Samuel  Harney,  Jr 100  00 

Geo.  C.  Thomas 100  00 

G.  W.  Can-  &  Co 100  00 

Samuel  Lowengrund 100  00 

Mrs.  H.  C.  Flickwir 100  00 

Joseph  R.  Chandler 100  00 

Joseph  W.  Ryerss - .  100  00 

Robert  Clark 100  00 

Dr.  Wm.  Helmuth 100  00 

Oruni  &  Armstrong 100  00 

Wm.  Henry  Rawle 100  00 


THE   PHILADELPHIA  BOUNTY  FUND. 


59 


Wm.  Cadwalader $100  00 

H.  Killion 100  00 

Charles  Tuller 100  00 

Milligan  &  Carnahan 100  00 

John  W.  Thomas 100  00 

Stephen  Smith  &  Sons 100  00 

Joseph  E.  Gillingham 100  00 

C.  H.  Kunkle 100  00 

Miss  J.  Shaw 100  00 

James  TwaddeU 100  00 

John  Ross 100  00 

J.  Whiteside 100  00 

Dr.  J.  T.  Sharpless 100  00 

Edward  E.  Law 100  00 

Davis  &  Wickersham 100  00 

Howell  Evans 100  00 

Solomon  Conrad 100  00 

J.  H.  Michener  &  Co 10000 

W.  &  J.  Watt 100  00 

Goldsmith  Brothers 100  00 

Jenkins  &  Co 100  00 

Thos.  R.  Maris 100  00 

James  B.  Watson 100  00 

Thos.  Dixey 100  00 

James  Harper 100  00 

Employees  of  James  Harper. . . .  100  00 

Wilson  Jewell 100  00 

Miers  Busch 100  00 

James  Field 100  00 

Wm.  Wagner 10000 

Henry  Carson 100  00 

Mrs.  Mary  Shields 100  00 

J.  &  G.  A.  Bender 100  00 

Samuel  Fox 100  00 

Wm.  Fox 100  00 

Elias  G.  Cope 100  00 

Geiershofer,  Loewi  &  Co 100  00 

John  B.  Stevenson 100  00 

James  Somers  Smith 100  00 

Daniel  R.  Knight 100  00 

Dr.  Geo.  W.  Norris 100  00 

Chas.  L.  Desaoque 100  00 

Geo.  Halfman 100  00 

John  C.  Knox 100  00 

Henry  Bnmm 100  00 

Capt.  Henderson 100  00 

John  Pearce 100  00 

I.  Binswanger 100  00 

Newlin,  Zell  &  Abbott 100  00 

Laycock  &  Holt 100  00 

James  Hilton 100  00 

Francis  Lasher  . .  100  00 


Charles  Abbey $100  00 

W.  L.  Maddock  &  Co 100  00 

Wm.  Rotch  Wister 100  00 

Humane  Hose  Co.,  No.  4 100  00 

George  Gordon 100  00 

Thomas  Dunlap 100  00 

Aristides  Welsh 100  00 

J.  Linnard 100  00 

James  Wilson 100  00 

L.  Dickerman  &  Co 100  00 

James  Dobbiii 100  00 

Jacob  Haehnlen 100  00 

T.  P.  Stotesbury 100  00 

John  J.  Joyce 100  00 

W.  H.  Clement 100  00 

John  S.  Jenks 100  00 

William  Randolph 100  00 

Patterson,  Coane  «fe  Co 100  00 

John  Vanderkemp 100  00 

Harvey  Filley 100  00 

Philadelphia,  Reading  and  Potts- 

ville  Telegraph  Co 100  00 

Owen  Jones 100  00 

A.  Elkin 100  00 

James  H.  Mullen 100  00 

George  Mecke 100  00 

Hugh   Bridgeport 100  00 

Charles  E.  Lex 100  00 

Win.  E.  Whitman 100  00 

Joseph  Walton  &  Co 10000 

Thos.  F.  Wharton 100  00 

Edward  C.  Dale 10000 

Farr  &  Brother 100  00 

Allen  Cuthbert 100  00 

Le  Boutillier  Brothers 100  00 

Penrose  Fell. 100  00 

Morton  C.  Rogers 100  00 

Stephen  Robbins 100  00 

W.  A.  Ingham 100  00 

Rev.  Joseph  D.  Newlin 100  00 

James  Moore 100  00 

Webb  &  Garrett 100  00 

Henry  Martin 100  00 

John  Tucker,  Jr 100  00 

Win.  E.  Somers 10000 

Charles  Norris 100  00 

Michael  Erickson 100  00 

Joseph  Fisher 100  00 

R.  N.  Lee  &  Co 10000 

John  S.  Littell 100  00 

Norman  L.  Hart  &  Co 100  00 

Wm.  Brown . .  100  00 


60 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Henry  Cohen $100  00 

Wra.  C.  Watson 

Henry  C.  Kellogg 

A.  P.  Phillips 

Robert  Adams 

Wolf,  Mayer  &  Co 

Joseph    Moore 

Blum,  Rau  &  Co 

George  H.  Ashton 

E.  &  P.  Coleman 

Pekin  Mills 

Hughes  &  Muller 

Alexander  Fullerton 

Rev.  Albert  Barnes 

Isaac  Rosenbaum 

John  Fareira 

Robert  Lindsay 

A.  Merino 

D.  Samuel  &  Son 

Mrs.   S.  Donaldson 

Mrs.  Eliza  F.  Sparks 

Thomas  Webster,  Jr 

J.  H.  Curtis  &  Son 

J.    Nicholson 

M.  A.  Dropsie 

R.  S.  M.  Camden 

H.  C.  Oram  &  Co 

J.  R.  Eckfeldt 

Wm.  E.  Dubois 

C.  Stoddart  &  Brother 

Richard   S.  Ashhurst,  Jr 

Dr.  John  Ashhurst 

Samuel  B.  Fales 

Joseph  Kelly  &  Brother 

Jos.  H.  Trotter 

Geo.  II.  Thomson 

P.  R.  Freas 

Thomas  A.  Budd 

Wm.  G.  Stevenson 

Dr.  M.  C.  Shallcross 

E.  Twaddell  &  Sons 

Benjamin  Rush 

John  H.  Campbell 

George  W.  Thorn 

Feustmann  &  Kaufmann 

H.  G.  Leisenring 

Adolph  &  Keen 

Saml.  Asbury  &  Co 

Daul.  K.  Grim 

Aid.  John  Thompson 

John  B.  Colahan 

M.  J.  &  C.  Croll  . . 


100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 


John  Wiegand $100  00 

Rev.  Dr.  Dorr 100  00 

Nathan  T.  Clapp 100  00 

Washington  Jones 100  00 

Miss  Sydney  Paul 100  00 

Mrs.  E.  P.  Wilson 100  00 

Thomas  Manderson 100  00 

Edward  Perot 100  00 

F.  W.  Ralston 100  00 

E.  B.  Gardette 100  00 

Joshua  Lippincott 100  00 

Jacob  Goldsmith 100  00 

Charles  Williams 100  00 

George  K.  Ziegler 100  00 

John  Wister,  Jr 100  00 

Hon.  R.  C.  Grier 100  00 

Albert  C.  Roberts 100  00 

John  Philbin 100  00 

Besson  &  Son 100  00 

A.  H.  Franciscus 100  00 

Robert  Allen 100  00 

Charles  Wells 100  00 

S.  Mayer  &  Brother 100  00 

C.  B.  &  E.  M.  Smith 100  00 

Warner,  Miskey  &  Merrill 100  00 

Employees  of  Naylor  &  Co 100  00 

Tenbrook  &  Brother 100  00 

John  C.  Cresson 100  00 

Charles  A.  Rubicam 100  00 

Jacob  T.  Williams 100  00 

Hon.  J.  I.  Clark  Hare 100  00 

Edward  Watson  &  Co 100  00 

Thomas  J.  Miles 100  00 

Wilson  C.  Swann 100  00 

Henry  Cramond 100  00 

Philip  S.  P.  Connor 100  00 

Frankford  Mutual  Insurance  Co.  100  00 

Patterson  &  Boulton 100  00 

Edward  Shippen 100  00 

James  W.  Queen 100  00 

Edwin  Clinton 100  00 

William  Neal 100  00 

Charles  M.  Neal 100  00 

Charles  Fuller 100  00 

Wm.  Weightman 100  00 

Isaac  Koons 100  00 

M.  S.  Bulkley 100  00 

Lewis  Albertson 100  00 

Henry  Tilge  &  Co 100  00 

Stanhope  &  Suplee ,      100  00 

Operatives   of  Police   and   Fire 

Alarm  Telegraph 100  00 


THE   PHILADELPHIA  BOUNTY   FUND. 


61 


John  W.  &  W.  F.  Simes $100  00         G-eo.  S.  Lang $100  00 


C.  H.  Garden  &  Co. 

J.  W.  Forsyth 

Wm.  Morris 

Henry  Bower 

Wm.  Hogg,  Sr 

Oliphant  &  Dell  . . . 
Michener  &  Morris. 
J.  &  T.  Gillespie . . . 

H.  C.  Fox 

J.  0.  D.  Christman . 
Thos.  K.  Williams  . 

James  Davis 

Jacob  Snyder 

Henry  R.  Gilbert  . . 
Samuel  C.  Ford  . . . 
Theodore  Megargee 
Fisher  &  Brother. . 

Wm.  S.  Allen 

John  Gamble 

H.  A.  Pue  . 


100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 


Harris  L.  Sproat 100  00 

Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Company  100  00 

James  S.  Chambers 100  00 

John  Linn 100  00 

C.  B.  Mench 100  00 

Daniel  M.  Fox 100  00 

Elijah  Davis 100  00 

Thomas  R.  Bitting 100  00 

M.  Moyer 100  00 

J.  Geo.  Smith 100  00 

David  R.  Garrison 100  00 

Mrs.  Sarah  A.  Brown 100  00 

Catherwood  &  Winebrener  ....  100  00 

Reeve  &  Knight 100  00 

J.  &  A.  Kemper 100  00 

Field  &  Hardie 100  00 

All  other  sums,  those  given  anon- 
ymously, and  those  under  one 

hundred  dollars 31,610  67 


Total $487,233  43 

i 

The  following  is  a  statement  of  the  receipts  and  expenditures,  as  rendered 
by  the  trustees  of  the  fund  : 


RECEIPTS. 

Subscriptions  to  the  Bounty  and  Defence  Fund $487,233  43 

Interest  on  a  portion  temporarily  invested 4,910  09 

Total $492,143  52 

1862.  EXPENDITURES    FROM    THE   BOUNTY    FUND. 

Bounties  to  Pennsylvania  Volunteers $172,573  03 

Bounties  to  United  States  Regulars  and  Marines 6,350  00 

Premiums  and  remunerations  to  captains  to  promote 

recruiting , 57,004  00 

Expenses  of  ward  meetings  to  encourage  recruiting. . .  796  44 

Expenses  of  fitting  up  temporary  barracks 212  70 

Expenses  of  recruiting  camps  and  offices,  bands  of 

music,  flags,  &c 4,453  63 

Travelling  expenses  of  committee 393  20 

Expenses  of  advertising 4,064  07 

Expenses  of  printing — posters,  blanks,  stationery, 

books,  &c 1,422  61 

Expenses  of  telegraphing 54  14 

Salaries  of  clerks  and  messengers 1,147  42 

$248,470  24 


62  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

$492,143  52 

EXPENDITURES  FROM  THE  DEFENCE  FUND. 

Allowance  made  to  volunteers  called  out  by  the  procla- 
mation of  the  governor  for  the  defence  of  the  state.  $28,110  00 

Allowance  made  to  United  States  seamen  sent  from 
the  Navy  Yard  to  the  frontier  with  naval  batteries, 
at  the  request  of  the  governor 561  25 

Paid  for  carbines  for  Captain  E.  Spencer  Miller's  Artil- 
lery Company  (to  be  returned  to  the  committee 

should  this  company  disband) 1,600  00 

$30,271  25 

1863.  EXPENDITURES  FROM  THE  BOUNTY  FUND. 

Bounties  and  premiums  to  Pennsylvania  volunteers  and 

militia $153,485  00 

Bounties  to  United  States  Eegulars 200  00 

Contributions  and  premiums  to  companies  and  captains 

to  promote  recruiting 4,216  00 

Distribution  to  the  Ward  Bounty  Committees,  to  aid  in 

avoiding  the  draft 15,015  00 

Allowance  to  regiments  and  to  recruiting  officers  for 

organizing  and  other  extra  expenses 1,335  63 

Travelling  expenses  of  committee 154  70 

Expenses  of  stationery,  blanks,  postages,  and  stamps. .  99  25 

Expenses  of  advertising 1,424  73 

Salaries  of  paymaster  and  clerks 1,720  23 

177,650  54 

EXPENDITURES  FROM  THE  DEFENCE  FUND. 

Cost  of  revolvers  furnished  to  Capt.  Isaac  Starr's  (Jr.) 

company  of  artillery $1,515  63 

Expenses  of  furnishing  horses  to  the  Dana  Troop  for 

service  during  the  summer  of  1863 3,624  15 

Expenses   of  reboring  two  batteries  of  cannon  from 

rifled  to  smooth-bore,  in  the  summer  of  1863 175  85 

Advance  to  the  First  Troop,  Philadelphia  City  Cavalry 

on  their  claim  on  the  government  for  their  expenses 

when  in  service  in  the  summer  of  1863 4,964  16 

Ammunition  furnished  to  the  Hamilton  Rifle  Corps  for 

services  during  the  summer  of  1863 199  50 

Appropriation  to  the  First  Regiment  Reserve  Brigade 

(Gray  Reserves),  to  aid  in  establishing  a  fund  for 

their  permanent  support  as  a  regiment 11,000  00 

1864. 
Paid  Captain  E.  Spencer  Miller,  to  aid  in  equipping 

and   maintaining  the  howitzer  battery  under  his 

command 1,009  00 

Paid  the  Second  Regiment  Reserve  Brigade  (Blue  Re- 
serves), to  aid  in  furnishing  new  uniforms 1,209  00 

Stamps  38 

23,697  67 


THE   CAMBRIDGE   LIFE   INSURANCE   FUND. 


63 


Bounties  and  premiums  to  Pennsylvania  volunteers  and 

militia $1,732  50 

Expenses  of  advertising,  &c 213  03 


On  deposit  as  follows : 

In  the  Farmers  and  Mechanics'  Bank,  at  the  credit  of 
the  disbursing  agents,  reserved  to  meet  outstanding 
bounty  certificates  and  other  dues  to  volunteers  . . .  $7,930  12 

In  the  Farmers  and  Mechanics'  Bank,  at  the  credit  of 
the  treasurer,  reserved  to  meet  outstanding  dues  to 
the  militia  and  expenses 2,178  17 


$492,143  52 


$1,945  53 


10,108  29 


Total $492,143  52  $492,143  52 


This  is  a  noble  record ;  but  we  can  add  to  its  proportions  by  stating  that 
the  coal  dealers  contributed  to  a  fund  of  their  own,  which  reached  $50,000 ; 
that  the  members  of  the  Corn  Exchange  gave  bounties  of  twenty-five  dollars 
per  man  to  a  regiment  of  one  thousand ;  and  that  an  association  of  Market 
street  merchants  paid  similar  bounties  to  the  Merchants'  Eegiment ;  and  even 
this  would  not  exhaust  the  catalogue  of  Quaker  belligerence,  as  seen  in  its 
pecuniary  expression. 

To  stimulate  recruiting  by  offering  bounties  to  volunteers  is  one  way  of 
serving  one's  country;  to  effect  the  same  object  by  insuring  their  lives  is 
another.  This  was  done  in  many  places,  and  as  an  example  we  take  the  case 
of  Cambridge,  Massachusetts.  The  idea  was  proposed  in  July,  1862,  and  by 
the  middle  of  August  $25,000  were  obtained,  and  this  sum  was  still  further 
increased,  as  the  following  table  shows : 


Charles  Beck $2,000 

"William  F.  Stearns 2,000 

Luke  Carter 1,000 

George  Livermore 1,000 

J.  P.  Melledge 1,000 

J.  Warren  Merrill 1,000 

Richardson,  Deane  &  Co 1,000 

J.  M.  S.  Williams 1,000 

Richard  M.  Hodges 600 

Thomas  G.  Appleton 500 

Thomas  Dana 500 

David  Humphrey 500 

Henry  W.  Longfellow 500 

William  Read 500 

Alanson  Bigelow 300 

Samuel  Batchelder 300 

Charles  Cushman   .  300 


Curtis  Davis 

Eben  M.  Dunbar 

John  0.  Dodge 

Henry  O.  Houghton . . 

Lewis  Hall 

Charles  L.  Jones 

Lucius  A.  Jones 

Charles  C.  Little 

Nathaniel  G.  Manson. 
Charles  E.  Norton  . . . 
C.  H.  P.  Plympton . . . 

Samuel  B.  Rindge 

S.  S.  Sleeper 

Arthur  Wilkinson 

P.  Francis  Wells 

Willard  Phillips 

George  L.  Ward  ...  . 


300 
300 
300 
300 
300 
300 
300 
300 
300 
300 
300 
300 
300 
300 
250 
250 


64 


THE   TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Jared  Sparks $250        Chas.  Theo.  Russell $100 


George  W.  Abbott  

200 

Solomon  Sargent  

100 

Mrs.  E.  H.  Blatchford  

200 

Benjamin  G.  Smith  

100 

Charles  F.  Choate  

200 

Eben  Snow  

100 

Charles  W.  Eliot  

".  .'    .    200 

Henry  Thayer  &  Co  

100 

David  B.  Flint  

200 

J.  A.  Wellington  

100 

Rob.  O.  Fuller  .-  

200 

J.  C.  Wellington  

100 

Gardiner  G.  Hubbard  

<*.        200 

E.  P.  Whitman  

100 

Estes  Howe  

200 

Win.  L.  Whitney  

100 

J.  Russell  Lowell  

200 

Joseph  E.  Worcester  

100 

Samuel  F.  Nay  

200 

Frederick  Gould  

75 

Louis  Agassiz  

150 

Augustus  Russ  

75 

Stephen  G.  Davis  

150 

Allen  &  Endicott  

50 

Henry  R.  Glover  

150 

Richard  F.  Bond  

50 

Edward  W.  Kinsley  

150 

A.  Z.  Brown  

50 

George  Meacham  

150 

Daniel  S.  Brown  

50 

Theo.  Parsons  

150 

Wm.  P.  Butterfield  

50 

Robert  B.  Storer  

150 

F.  L.  Chapman  

50 

Emery  Washburn  

150 

Hosea  Clark  

50 

James  S.  Whitney  

150 

Edward  R.  Cogswell  

50 

Warren  Bacon  

100 

Richard  H.  Dana,  Jr  

50 

George  W.  Colburn  , 

100 

Eliphalet  Davis  

50 

Levi  Conant  

100 

Charles  Eaton  

50 

Charles  H.  Cummings  

100 

S.  T.  Farwell  

50 

Charles  Davenport  

100 

P.  F.  Folsom  

50 

Alexander  Dickinson  

...        100 

A.  T.  Frothingham  

50 

Ezra  C.  Dyer  

...        100 

Miss  Mary  Harris  

50 

George  L.  Foote  

100 

H.  N.  Hovey  

50 

Charles  C.  Foster  

100 

J.  S.  March  

50 

John  C.  Gray  

100 

Arthur  Merrill  

50 

Joseph  Goodnow  

100 

Lucius  R.  Page  

50 

H.  R.  Harding  

.  ..  •    100 

J.  Stacy  Read  

50 

A.  E.  Hildreth  

100 

Edward  Richardson  

50 

Edward  Hixon  

100 

Wm.  T.  Richardson  

50 

Avery  F.  Howe  

100 

Nathaniel  D.  Sawin  

50 

Edward  Hyde  

100 

Wm.  V.  Spencer  

50 

George  Lucy  

100 

D.  H.  Thurston  

50 

J.  N.  Merriam  

100 

J.  H.  Tyler  

50 

Mrs.  A.  L.  Mering  

100 

Moses  Warren  

50 

Joel  Parker  

100 

O.  W.  Watris  

50 

O.  Pickering  

100 

John  Conlan  

25 

Geo.  C.  Piper  

100 

Converse  Francis  

25 

Henry  C.  Rand  

100 

J.  H.  Sparrow  

25 

Z.  L.  Raymond  

100 

Abel  Willard  

25 

Total.. 

..$27,650 

Of  this  amount,  the  sum  of  $10,000  was  appropriated  to  the  procuring  of 
one  hundred  and  seven  policies,  and  a  committee  was  appointed  to  consider 
what  disposition  should  be  made  of  the  remainder.  The  decision  made  was 


SERVICE  WITHOUT  COMPENSATION.  65 

that  this  balance  should  be  loaned  to  the  City  of  Cambridge  at  six  per  cent 
interest,  and  that  the  interest  should  be  used  in  assisting  deserving  persons. 
It  was  also  determined  that,  at  the  end  of  the  war,  the  whole  fund  should  be 
devoted  to  the  purchase  of  life  annuities,  or  other  permanent  provision,  for 
sick  and  disabled  soldiers,  or  for  the  widow,  child  or  children,  or  parent,  who 
may  have  been  left  destitute  by  the  death  of  the  husband,  father,  or  son, 
deceased  in  the  service  of  the  United  States. 

During  the  first  year  after  the  payment  of  the  premium  upon  the  one 
hundred  and  seven  policies,  twelve  soldiers  died,  and  $6,000  were  conse- 
quently paid  in  by  the  insurance  company  to  the  trustees  of  the  fund,  and 
were  distributed  by  them  among  the  twelve  bereaved  families.  Several 
soldiers  having  been  discharged  or  disabled,  the  trustees  made  them  presents 
of  their  policies,  the  returned  men  to  pay  the  succeeding  premiums. 

On  the  1st  of  July,  1862,  Mr.  Wm.  H.  Aspinwall  sent  to  the  War  Depart- 
ment a  check  for  $25,290.60,  being  the  amount  of  his  commissions  upon 
certain  purchases  abroad  of  Enfield  rifles,  made  through  the  house  of  Howland 
&  Aspinwall.  He  was  glad,  he  added,  to  be  able  to  serve  the  government 
in  its  hour  of  trial,  without  compensation.  The  Secretary  of  War  ordered  the 
thanks  of  the  department  to  be  tendered  to  Mr.  Aspinwall  for  this  manifesta- 
tion of  a  disinterested  and  patriotic  spirit. 

On  the  invasion  of  the  State  of  Pennsylvania,  in  the  summer  of  1863,  the 
Union  League  of  Philadelphia  resolved  to  abandon  a  celebration  of  the  4th  of 
July,  for  which  they  had  long  been  preparing,  and,  with  the  concurrence  of 
the  subscribers,  to  use  the  money  contributed  for  that  purpose,  together  with 
such  other  funds  as  could  be  obtained,  in  assisting  the  government  to  repel 
the  enemy.  Eighty  thousand  dollars  were  collected  in  less  than  a  week,  and 
three  regiments  of  three  months'  men  were  organized,  equipped,  and  sent 
forward  before  their  services  were  needed.  The  "Dana  Troop"  were  assisted 
in  their  preparations,  and  their  departure  was  thus  greatly  hastened.  On  the 
return  of  the  three  regiments,  the  League  determined  to  send  one  regiment, 
if  possible,  to  serve  for  three  years  or  the  war.  They  were  successful  in  this, 
and  the  regiment — the  One  Hundred  and  Eighty-third  Pennsylvania — left  for 
the  field  in  the  early  part  of  the  winter.  During  the  year  1864,  two  full 
regiments  were  recruited  and  sent  to  the  front,  one — the  One  Hundred  and 
Ninty-sixth  Pennsylvania — for  one  hundred  days,  the  other — the  One  Hun- 
dred and  Ninty-eighth — for  one  year,  besides  a  battalion  of  four  companies, 
for  the  same  term,  attached  to  the  latter.  Thus,  in  eighteen  months,  six 
regiments  and  a  battalion  of  thoroughly  equipped  men  were  added  to  the 


66  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

armies  by  the  exertions  of  the  League,  and  at  their  expense,  the  total  outlay 
being  somewhat  over  $100,000.  Not  content  with  this,  the  Military  Com- 
mittee did  what  was  possible,  from  time  to  time,  to  fill  up  the  ranks  of  the 
wasted  battalions. 

On  the  12th  of  February,  1864,  General  Hancock  wrote  the  following  letter 
to  a  number  of  gentlemen  in  New  York : 

"HEADQUARTERS  KECRUITING  SERVICE, 
SECOND  ARMY  CORPS,  February  12#A,  1864. 

"  Messrs.  George  Cabot  Ward,  Stephen  Hyatt,  Parker  Handy,  Theodore 

Roosevelt,  Daniel  Devlin,  George  Bliss,  Jr. : 
"  GENTLEMEN, 

"  You  will  greatly  oblige  me,  if,  in  connection  with  any  other  gentlemen 
whom  you  may  associate  with  yourselves,  you  will  undertake  to  raise  and 
disburse  the  funds  needed  to  promote  recruiting  for  the  New  York  regiments 
of  the  Second  Army  Corps. 

"  The  existing  bounties  are  quite  large  enough,  but  there  are  many  other 
ways  in  which  money  can  be  used  to  promote  volunteering  with  great  advan- 
tage. I  am,  gentlemen,  your  obedient  servant, 

""WINFIELD  S.  HANCOCK, 

" Major- General  U.S.  Vols." 

The  gentlemen  thus  addressed,  and  sixteen  others  who  were  added  to  the 
committee,  appealed  to  the  citizens  of  New  York  for  subscriptions  to  carry 
out  the  object  thus  indicated,  the  New  York  regiments  in  the  Second  Corps 
being  thirteen  in  number. 

The  sum  of  forty  thousand  dollars  was  obtained,  and,  as  long  as  the  city 
paid  a  bounty  for  men,  the  committee  procured  a  large  number  of  recruits ; 
when  the  supervisors  stopped  the  bounty  and  volunteering  ceased,  certain 
measures  adopted  by  the  committee  gave  it  a  renewed  impetus.  The  number 
of  men  enlisted  for  the  Second  Army  Corps,  through  these  eiforts,  appears  in 
the  following  figures : 

Volunteers  for  the  Second  Army  Corps  ....     2,535 

Substitutes  assigned  to  the  Second  Army  Corps      .         .        313 

"          who  preferred  «          M  ^  243 

3,091 

besides  some  seventy  men  sent  to  other  commands. 


REPRESENTATIVE   RECRUITS.  67 

"We  have  said,  more  than  once,  that  our  plan  did  not  embrace  either  appro- 
priations or  loans ;  but  we  might  have  made  a  reservation  in  regard  to  loans 
made,  in  a  patriotic  spirit,  upon  bad  or  insufficient  security.  The  following 
instance  is  a  type  of  investments  of  this  nature.  The  mayor  of  Jersey  City 
called  upon  Mr.  John  Anderson,  of  New  York,  and  laid  the  case  of  his  con- 
stituents before  him.  A  draft  was  progressing,  he  said,  in  Jersey  City ;  men 
were  plenty,  but  the  city  was  unable  to  pay  the  necessary  bounties,  and,  under 
these  circumstances,  no  one  would  enlist;  and  the  city's  credit  was,  at  this 
period,  to  say  the  least  of  it,  poor,  and  money  could  not  be  obtained,  without 
great  sacrifice,  by  a  sale  of  its  bonds.  "Would  Mr.  Anderson  lend  Jersey  City 
$60,000,  and  take  the  chance  of  repayment?  This  was  an  unexpected  pro- 
posal, and  Mr.  Anderson  requested  time  to  consider  it,  say  till  the  next  day, 
at  ten  in  the  morning.  At  the  appointed  hour,  the  Jersey  functionary  reap- 
peared before  Mr.  Anderson,  and  received  from  him  the  assurance  that  if 
$60,000,  loaned  on  security  that  capitalists  considered  inadequate,  would 
save  Jersey  City  from  the  draft,  and  place  a  certain  number  of  able-bodied 
men  in  the  army,  Jersey  City  should  be  spared  and  the  ranks  recruited. 
We  have  ventured  to  include  this  act  in  our  record  of  private  munificence, 
and  we  doubt  not  that  moneyed  men  at  least  will  bear  us  out,  even  though 
interest  may  have  been  punctually  paid,  and  though  the  principal  may,  in 
course  of  time,  be  duly  redeemed. 

We  defer  mention  of  the  funds  raised  for  the  recruiting  of  colored  regi- 
ments to  a  later  portion  of  this  book ;  the  event  itself  happened  only  in  the 
fulness  of  time,  and  it  is  but  proper  to  delay  the  chronicle  thereof  till  the 
fitting  hour  and  season. 

One  method — and  a  peculiarly  American  one — of  increasing  the  efficiency 
of  the  army,  remains  to  be  noticed.  When  the  draft  was  resorted  to  as  a 
means  of  filling  the  ranks,  the  exemption  of  a  large  portion  of  the  community, 
by  reason  of  age,  sex,  or  infirmity,  was  a  necessary  consequence.  And  yet 
those  exempted  were  no  less  interested  in  the  result  than  those  upon  whom 
the  lot  fell ;  a  man  who  had  spent  fifty  years  in  the  accumulation  of  property 
was  not  indifferent  to  the  fate  of  the  country  because  of  his  whitening  hairs  ;  a 
man  might  in  some  way  be  curtailed  of  his  fair  proportions,  without,  for  that, 
feeling  that  he  had  less  at  stake  than  his  neighbor ;  and  a  woman  might  desire 
to  have  a  champion  to  represent  her,  personally,  in  a  fight  in  which  she  could 
not  herself  engage.  Hence  arose  a  class  of  substitutes  called  "  representative 
recruits :"  men  voluntarily  sent,  and  their  bounty  paid,  by  persons  upon  whom 
the  provost-marshal  had  no  claim.  Every  man  thus  secured  was  a  clear  gain  to 


68  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

the  army ;  he  was  in  no  sense  what  is  understood  by  the  term  substitute,  but, 
literally,  an  addition  to  the  arms-bearing  population.  The  effect  was  precisely 
as  if  the  man  of  sixty,  quaffing  a  draught  from  the  fountain  of  youth,  regained 
his  vigor  and  shouldered  his  musket ;  as  if  the  hunchback  found  a  knapsack 
where  his  hump  had  been,  and  hastened  with  his  lighter  burden  to  the  front ; 
as  if  those  of  our  mothers,  sisters,  and  wives,  who  sent  their  representatives, 
had  been  erroneously  registered  in  the  census,  and  had  really  been  entitled  to 
entry  in  the  unprepossessing  column.  Many  thousands  of  recruits  of  this  kind 
were  sent  to  the  armies  in  1863-64  ;  it  is  impossible  to  fix  upon  the  number 
with  precision.  It  can  only  be  said  that  many  who  could  not  fight  in  person, 
fought  by  proxy ;  and  of  exempts,  who  had  the  means  to  send  a  represen- 
tative, and  yet  failed  to  do  so,  it  must  be  said,  that  upon  them,  as  a  class,  has 
fallen  the  largest  share  of  the  voluntary  burdens  of  the  war.  Many  a  man  has 
sent  no  representative  recruit,  who,  if  his  signatures  and  subscriptions  from 
the  beginning  be  counted,  will  be  found  to  have  given  enough  to  purchase  a 
dozen  such. 

We  have  thus  touched,  in  a  discursive  way,  upon  the  principal  methods 
and  devices  to  which  private  bounty  has  resorted  to  fill  and  replenish  the 
army.  Compelled  to  compress  the  matter  of  a  volume  into  a  score  of  pages, 
we  have  treated  the  subject  by  examples,  and  have  sought  to  make  one  inci- 
dent stand  for  thousands,  and  one  generous  act  the  spokesman  for  its  countless 
fellows.  At  any  rate,  the  army  is  in  the  field,  and  during  four  trying  though 
not  exhausting  years,  its  numbers  have  been  kept  full.  But  was  this  army 
sprung  from  the  loins  of  the  people,  forgotten  or  neglected  by  those  who  stayed 
at  home  ?  Was  it  left  to  grapple,  unassisted,  not  only  with  the  enemy,  but 
with  disease  and  inexperience,  those  scourges  of  the  camp  and  hospital  ?  Were 
its  wounded  left  to  official  care  and  to  the  routine  of  the  medical  bureau  ? 
Were  its  spiritual  interests  abandoned  to  those  to  whom  army  regulations  com- 
mitted them — to  one  man  in  a  thousand  ?  Was  the  cold  shoulder  turned  to 
the  disabled  soldier  ?  Were  the  widow  and  orphan  left  to  beg  ?  Was  the 
republic  ungrateful,  and  did  it  disown  its  great  men  whom  time  brought  to 
the  surface,  and  whom  their  own  achievements  kept  there  ?  And  if  charity 
shall  be  naturally  found  to  have  begun  at  home,  shall  we  find  that  it  ended 
there?  Were  the  unhappy  victims  upon  the  border  left  to  perish  in  utter 
misery  ?  Were  the  men,  women,  and  children  in  foreign  lands,  thrown  out 
of  work  by  our  terrible  struggle,  and  still  desiring  no  disgraceful  compromise, 
abandoned  to  their  fate  ?  And  if  these  and  other  self-imposed  duties  shall 
prove  to  have  been  worthily  discharged,  did  all  other  charities  languish,  and 


THE  PEOPLE  AND  THE  ARMY. 


69 


were  other  works  of  philanthropy  suspended  ?  The  reader's  answer  springs 
to  his  lips.  No  one  in  this  country,  and  few  in  Europe,  need  to  be  told  how 
the  army  has  been  sustained,  not  only  by  the  prayers  and  faith,  but  by  the 
labors  and  sacrifices,  of  the  American  people ;  but  it  is  worth  while  to  consider 
the  modes  and  processes  through  which  the  people  rose  to  a  sense  of  the  duty 
which  they  were  called  upon  to  assume.  The  tender  solicitude  of  the  people 
for  its  army ;  its  anxiety  to  make  it  efficient  to  serve  the  land  of  its  birth,  and 
worthy  to  aspire  to  the  better  land  hereafter ;  the  building  of  hospitals  and 
soldiers'  homes;  the  founding  of  asylums;  the  sending  of  food  across  the 
mountains  and  over  the  sea,  to  friends  and  even  to  foes  ;  the  argument  which 
convinced  the  country  that  these  things  were  to  be  done,  and  liberally  done ; 
the  devices  by  which  the  spirit  of  well-doing  was  revived,  if  it  ever  faltered  ; 
the  ingenuity  by  which  communities  were  made  to  labor  together  as  one  man 
and  for  one  object — these,  and  the  many  other  benevolent  schemes  to  which 
the  rebellion  has  given  birth,  form  the  theme  and  matter  of  these  pages. 


CHAPTEE    III. 

THE     EARLIER     AID     SOCIETIES. 


-.' 


BIZ   AND  EIGHTY-SIX   KNITTING   FOE  THE  SOLDIERS. 


IF  the  men  of  America  sprang  to  arms  with  alacrity,  the  women  of  the 
country  applied  themselves  to  those  labors  for  which  their  strength  fitted 
them  with  enthusiasm.  Lint  had  been  scraped  and  bandages  rolled  before 
blood  was  shed  at  Baltimore.  Without  knowledge  of  their  own,  and  for  a 
long  time  without  guidance,  they  worked  with  zeal,  though  it  was  often,  of 
necessity,  aimless  and  unreflecting.  Organization  was  for  the  first  few  weeks 
hardly  thought  of,  and  concert  of  action  only  came  with  the  certainty  that, 
without  it,  all  effort  to  assist  the  government,  in  this  direction,  must  fail. 
Societies  were  formed  here  and  there  in  New  England,  Ohio,  and  New  York, 
and  as  these  may  be  said  to  have  led  to  the  establishment  of  the  great  philan- 
thropic enterprises  of  which  the  country  is  now  so  justly  proud,  a  few  words 
upon  each  of  them,  in  the  order  of  their  foundation,  may  not  be  out  of  place. 

The  ladies  of  Bridgeport,  Connecticut,  met  on  the  15th  of  April,  the  day 
on  which  the  President's  call  for  troops  appeared,  and  they  commenced  their 
labors  that  afternoon.  The  future  treasurer  of  the  Bunker  Hill  Aid  Society 
of  Charlestown,  Massachusetts,  conceived  the  idea  of  such  an  association  on 
the  same  day;  though  the  roll  was  not  signed  by  the  co-operating  ladies 


AID   FROM  LOWELL. 


71 


until  the  19th.  On  the  20th  a  meeting  was  called  by  the  mayor  of  Lowell, 
"  for  the  purpose  of  initiating  measures  for  the  comfort,  encouragement,  and 
relief  of  citizen  soldiers."  Judge  Crosby,  one  of  the  twenty  gentlemen  who 
attended  the  meeting,*  appears  to  have  been  the  first  to  propose  and  lay  down 
certain  definite  objects  to  be  attained  by  concerted  action.  He  presented 
the  following  memoranda  of  the  methods  by  which  assistance  could  be  ren- 
dered : 

"  1.  By  gathering  such  funds  and  supplies  as  may  be  necessary. 

"2.  By  supplying  nurses  for  the  sick  or  wounded  when  and  as  far  as 
practicable. 

"  3.  By  bringing  home  such  sick  and  wounded  as  may  be  proper. 

"4.  By  purchasing  clothing,  provisions,  and  matters  of  comfort  which 
rations  and  camp  allowances  may  not  provide,  and  which  would  contribute  to 
the  soldier's  happiness. 

"5.  By  placing  in  camp  such  bibles,  books,  and  papers  as  would  instruct 
and  amuse  their  days  of  rest  and  quiet,  and  keep  them  informed  of  passing 
events. 

"  6.  By  gathering  the  dates  and  making  a  record  of  the  names  and  history 
of  each  soldier  and  his  services. 

"  7.  By  holding  constant  communication  with  paymasters  or  other  officers 
of  our  regiments,  that  friends  may  interchange  letters  and  packages." 

The  Soldiers'  Aid  Association  of  Lowell  was  founded  upon  this  basis, 
Judge  Crosby  being  elected  president,  Mr.  S.  W.  Stickney,  treasurer,  and  Mr. 
M.  C.  Bryant,  secretary,  and  it  at  once  entered  upon  a  career  of  usefulness 
and  prosperity. 

The  Soldiers'  Aid  Society  of  Cleveland  was  organized  upon  the  same  20th 
of  April,  and  its  first  act  was  to  raise  a  fund  for  the  temporary  support  of  the 
families  of  three  months'  men.  It  has  since  become  one  of  the  most  impor- 
tant of  the  auxiliaries  of  the  Sanitary  Commission. 

With  these  exceptions,  the  sympathies  of  the  country,  the  industry  of 
twenty  millions  of  people,  longing  to  be  usefully  employed,  were  totally 
without  organization.  While,  in  the  military  department,  inexperienced  as 


*  NATHAN  CROSBY, 
J.  G.  ABBOTT, 
ELISHA  HUNTINGTON, 
T.  II.  SWEETZER, 
WM.  A.  BURKE, 

J.  T.  McDERMOTT, 
WM.  S.  SOUTHWORTH, 

TAPPAN  WENTWORTH, 
SEWELL  G.  MACK, 
JAMES  C.  AVER, 
FREDERICK  HINKLEY, 
S.  W.  STICKNEY, 
JOHN  A.  GOODWIN, 
M.  C.  BRYANT, 

L.  B.  MORSE, 
JAMES  G.  CARNEY, 
LINUS  CHILDS, 
WM.  G.  WISE, 
A.  L.  BROOKS, 
C.  L.  KNAPP. 

72  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

all  taking  service  were,  there  was  a  certain  degree  of  order,  while  each  embryo 
company  had  its  captain,  and  each  regiment  on  paper  its  colonel  and  quarter- 
master, those  whose  capacities  and  tastes  threw  them  into  the  battalions  of 
relief  were  without  head,  without  system ;  there  was  no  method,  no  economy, 
no  co-operation.  There  were  thimble  societies,  picket  societies,  circles,  asso- 
ciations ;  and  all  were  in  want  of  information  and  guidance.  The  churches, 
parlors,  schools,  and  even  the  nurseries,  were  alive  with  industrious  and 
zealous  labor ;  but  zeal  and  industry  were  alike  thrown  away  for  want  o/ 
discipline  and  direction.  Should  this  state  of  things  continue,  the  cause 
which  all  had  so  much  at  heart  must  be  seriously  imperilled.  It  was  clear 
that  the  benevolence  of  the  women  of  the  country  must  be  turned  into  one 
general  current,  and  be  made  to  flow  regularly  in  one  channel.  Most  fortu- 
nately, providentially,  the  first  plan  suggested  succeeded.  An  informal 
meeting  of  ladies  of  New  York  was  held  on  April  25th,  at  the  Infirmary  for 
Women ;  an  appeal  to  the  women  of  New  York  was  drawn  up  and  signed, 
and  was  published  in  the  papers  of  Monday,  the  29th. 

After  stating  the  importance  of  concentration  and  system,  and  disclaiming 
for  all  existing  circles  and  societies  any  desire  to  lead  or  claim  precedence 
over  others,  the  ladies  whose  names  were  appended  to  this  paper  proposed 
that  the  women  of  New  York  should  meet  at  Cooper  Institute,  to  confer 
together  and  to  appoint  a  general  committee,  with  power  to  organize  the 
benevolent  purposes  of  all  in  a  common  movement.  To  effect  this  it  seemed 
necessary  to  keep  two  objects  especially  in  view :  first,  the  contribution  of 
skill,  labor,  and  money,  in  the  preparation  of  lint,  bandages,  and  stores ;  arid 
second,  the  offer  of  personal  service  as  nurses.  In  regard  to  the  first,  it  would 
be  important  to  obtain  and  disseminate  exact  official  information  as  to  the 
wants  of  the  army,  through  a  committee  having  this  department  in  hand,  which, 
by  letter  and  through  the  press,  should  put  itself  in  communication  with 
similar  associations  throughout  the  country.  And  in  regard  to  the  second 
point,  experience  having  shown  the  inefficiency  of  all  but  picked  and  skilled 
women  upon  the  field  or  in  the  hospital,  the  zeal  of  ninety-nine  one-hundred ths 
of  the  women  of  the  land  should  be  concentrated  upon  finding,  equipping, 
and  sending  forward  the  other  hundredth,  of  suitable  age,  condition,  tempera- 
ment and  training. 

The  meeting  took  place,  the  large  hall  being  completely  filled  with  the 
wives,  mothers,  and  daughters  of  New  York,  a  large  body  of  clergymen, 
physicians,  lawyers,  and  philanthropists  occupying  the  platform.  Mr.  David 
Dudley  Field  was  called  to  the  chair,  and  set  forth  the  object  of  the  meeting. . 


THE  WOMEN'S   CENTRAL  ASSOCIATION  OF  RELIEF.  73 

The  Eev.  Dr.  Bellows  spoke  of  the  importance  of  female  action  in  such  a 
crisis  as  the  present,  reminding  his  hearers  how  the  mothers  and  sisters  of 
the  first  American  Kevolution  had  imparted  courage  to  the  fathers  and 
brothers  who  had  gone  forth  to  battle ;  and  it  was  no  evil  omen  to  find  an 
earnest  of  the  same  moral  aid  being  extended  to  their  descendants.  Dr. 
Wood,  on  behalf  of  the  medical  gentlemen  of  Bellevue  Hospital,  said  that 
they  were  ready  to  render  assistance,  either  by  advice  or  by  the  training  of 
nurses  at  their  establishment ;  they  would  take  at  least  fifty,  and  support  and 
qualify  them.  Dr.  Mott  remarked  that  the  lint  which  had  been  already  pre- 
pared could  hardly  be  consumed  in  a  seven  years'  war,  and  deprecated  a 
continuance  of  such  unprofitable  labor.  After  several  addresses,  all  practical 
and  to  the  point,  the  committee  appointed  to  prepare  a  plan  of  operations 
reported  certain  "  Articles  of  Organization,"  of  which  the  following  is  an 
abstract : 

I.  The  women  of  New  York  hereby  associate  themselves  as  a  Committee 
of  the  Whole,  to  furnish  comforts,  stores  and  nurses,  in  aid  of  the  medical 
staff. 

n.  To  give  the  advantages  of  organization  to  the  scattered  efforts  of  the 
women  of  the  country,  they  resolve  themselves  into  a  Women's  Central  Asso- 
ciation of  Belief. 

III.  Its  objects  shall  be  to  collect  and  disseminate  information  upon  the 
actual  and  prospective  wants  of  the  army ;  to  establish  recognized  relations 
with  the  medical  staff,  and  to  act  as  an  auxiliary  to  it;  to  establish  and 
sustain  a  central  depot  of  stores;  to  solicit  and  accept  the  aid  of  all  local 
associations  which  may  choose  to  act  through  this  society ;  and  to  open  a 
bureau  for  the  examination  and  registration  of  nurses. 

******* 

YL  The  Financial  Committee  shall  solicit,  guard,  and  disburse  the  funds  of 
the  association.  The  treasurer  shall  acknowledge  all  contributions  of  moneys 
or  stores  in  the  public  papers.  Subscriptions  shall  be  solicited  through  the 
press.  The  operations  of  the  association  shall  proceed  upon  a  scale  commen- 
surate with  the  funds  received,  and  donations  are  hereby  requested. 

VII.  The  Executive  Committee  shall  establish  direct  relations  with  the 
central  medical  authorities ;  shall  obtain  and  diffuse  information  for  the  gui- 
dance of  affiliated  associations ;  shall  keep  the  women  of  the  country  advised 
of  the  best  direction  their  industry  can  take ;  shall  superintend  the  reception 
and  transfer  of  stores ;  and  shall  devise  ways  and  means  of  increasing  the 
usefulness  of  the  association. 


74  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

VIII.  The  Kegistration  Committee  shall  have  charge  of  the  bureau  for 
examining  and  registering  those  offering  themselves  as  nurses,  in  rooms  soon 
to  be  opened  in  a  convenient  quarter  of  the  city. 

IX.  The  Board  of  Management  shall  consist  of  twelve  ladies  and  twelve 
gentlemen;   it  shall  appoint  the  officers  of  the  association;    it  shall  meet 
weekly,  during  the  war,  five  constituting  a  quorum ;  and  it  shall  consist  of 
the  following  persons : 

MRS.  HAMILTON  FISH,  DR.  VALENTINE  MOTT, 

"    H.  BAYLIS,  JOHN  D.  WOLFE, 

"    H.  D.  SWEET,  HECTOR  MORRISON, 

"    CHAS.  ABERNETHY,  FREDERICK  L.  OLMSTED, 

Miss  E.  BLACKWELL,  GEO.  F.  ALLEN, 

MRS.  CYRUS  W.  FIELD,  DR.  ELISHA  HARRIS, 
u    G.  L.  SCHUYLER,  "    MARKOE, 

"    D'OREMIEULX,  "    DRAPER, 

"    DR.  ED.  BAYARD,  EEV.  DR.  HAGUE, 
"    CHRISTINE  GRIFFIN,  "       BELLOWS, 

"    V.  BOTTA,  "       A.  D.  SMITH, 

"    C.  M.  KIRKLAND,  EEV.  MORGAN  Dix. 

The  Board  of  Management,  the  composition  of  which,  however,  was  soon 
after  modified  by  resignations  and  new  appointments,  met  immediately,  and 
completed  the  organization  of  the  association  by  the  choice  of  the  following 
officers  and  committees : 

President, 
VALENTINE  MOTT,  M.  D. 

Vice- President, 
HENRY  "W.  BELLOWS,  D.  D. 

Secretary, 
GEORGE  F.  ALLEN. 

Treasurer, 
HOWARD  POTTER. 

EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE. 

H.  W.  Bellows,  D.  D.,  Chairman,  Valentine  Mott,  M.  D., 

Frederick  L.  Olmsted,  T.  d'Oremieulx, 

Miss  Ellen  Collins,  W.  H.  Draper,  M.  D., 

Mrs.  G.  L.  Schuyler,  G.  F.  Allen. 


THE  WOMEN'S  CENTRAL  ASSOCIATION  OF  RELIEF.  75 

KEGISTRATION  COMMITTEE. 

Miss  E.  Blackwell,  M.  D.,  Chairman,         Mrs.  "W.  P.  Griffin,  Secretary, 
"     H.  Baylis,  "     J.  A.  Swett, 

"     Y.  Botta,  "     C.  Abernethy, 

Wm.  A.  Muhlenberg,  D.  D.,  E.  Harris,  M.  D. 

FINANCE  COMMITTEE. 

Howard  Potter,  Mrs.  Hamilton  Fish,  Chairman, 

John  D.  Wolfe,  "     C.  M.  Kirkland, 

William  Hague,  D.  D.,  "     C.  W.  Field, 

T.  M.  Markoe,  M.  D.,  Asa  D.  Smith,  D.  D. 

The  reader  will  hardly  fail  to  see  that  this  society,  in  its  objects,  organiza- 
tion and  plan,  contained  the  germ  of  what  was  afterwards  the  United  States 
Sanitary  Commission.  The  one  grew  logically  out  of  the  other. 

For  a  time,  however,  the  Belief  Association  proceeded  alone,  its  members 
working  with  earnestness  and  faith.  A  most  arduous  labor — one  of  which 
the  public  has  little  idea — was  performed  by  the  Committee  on  Eegistrations. 
Women  had  never  been  employed  as  nurses  in  the  army,  soldiers  drafted  from 
the  ranks  for  that  purpose  having  previously  discharged  the  duty.  The  govern- 
ment, therefore,  had  made  no  preparation  for  lodging,  paying,  or  even  recog- 
nizing women  as  nurses.  It  became  necessary  to  commence  afresh,  and  in  this 
work  the  committee  met  with  unlocked  for  difficulties  and  discouragements. 
The  medical  education  of  the  chairman,  Miss  Blackwell,  however,  and  the 
energy  of  the  associate  members,  enabled  them  to  overcome  the  one  and 
speedily  recover  from  the  other.  Ninety-one  nurses  were  prepared  and  sent 
forward  during  the  first  year,  the  association  paying  for  the  outfit  and  journey 
of  all,  and  even  the  salaries  of  those  first  dispatched ;  the  government,  how- 
ever, afterwards  assumed  the  payment  of  salaries.  The  Finance  Committee 
collected  during  the  year  nearly  $10,000,  by  far  the  larger  part  in  New  York. 
To  the  labors  of  the  chairman,  Mrs.  Hamilton  Fish,  more  than  half  of  this  sum 
was  due.  Two  hundred  and  forty  thousand  articles  were  received  and  dis- 
tributed ;  the  estimated  value  of  them  was  not  far  from  $140,000. 

The  Executive  Committee  transferred  its  duties  at  an  early  date  to  a  sub- 
committee on  supplies,  of  which  Miss  Ellen  Collins  was,  and  still  is,  chairman. 
The  work  of  sorting,  packing,  and  marking  goods  was  done  entirely  by  ladies, 
the  best  of  volunteer  aids.  "  We  have  met  with  no  rebuffs,"  writes  Miss 
Collins  in  her  first  report,  "  and  our  appeals  have  been  answered  with  ready 


76 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


and  willing  hands  and  hearts.  Throughout  the  heats  of  summer  and  storms 
of  winter,  the  little  sewing  circle  of  twelve  or  fifteen  members  have  kept  up 
their  weekly  meetings.  Only  those  who  have  seen  our  letters,  all  breathing 
the  same  spirit  of  love  and  patriotism,  from  the  little  villages  and  homes 
hundreds  of  miles  away,  can  appreciate  the  sacrifices  and  the  noble  spirit  of 
these  true-hearted,  loyal  women." 

We  need  not  pursue  the  history  of  the  Women's  Central  Association  of 
Eelief  beyond  the  first  year,  absorbed,  as  it  was,  at  so  early  a  date,  in  the 
Sanitary  Commission.  The  ladies  connected  with  it  have  the  gratification  and 
the  pride  of  knowing  that  their  names  are  linked,  henceforth  and  forever,  with 
one  of  the  noblest  enterprises  of  modern  philanthropy.  It  was,  doubtless,  far 
from  their  thoughts,  when  they  invited  their  fellow-countrywomen  to  meet  them 
in  conference,  that  they  were  laying  the  foundations  of  an  edifice  that  should 
endure  longer  than  buildings  made  with  hands ;  that  none  would  be  able  to 
read  of  the  American  rebellion  without  reading  of  them  and  their  works ;  nor 
could  they  have  imagined  that  the  plan  upon  which  they  then  proposed  to 
act,  and  the  idea  which  they  proposed  to  carry  out,  were  destined  to  do  such 
honor  to  themselves  and  their  country,  to  extort  the  admiration  of  the  foe  and 
the  approval  of  mankind. 


*..'•? i-  .-.   •,  t*    '      t\  /» , 
•   y.K  .TV 
-  •    .     .,. 


CHAPTEE     IV. 


E  have  seen  in  what  desultory  manner  the  effort  on  the 
part  of  the  people  to  aid  the  government  in  the  matter 
of  supplies,  hospital  clothing,  and  of  medical  stores, 
commenced.  Scores  of  aid  societies  were  in  existence 
by  the  middle  of  May.  Thousands  of  hands  were 
already  busy  in  sewing,  knitting,  cutting,  mending,  and 
thousands  more  were  ready  to  help,  if  once  assured  that  their  labor  could  be 
rightly  directed.  It  was  well  known  that  bandages  were  to  be  cut  and  rolled, 
shirts  made,  stockings  knit,  medicines,  wines,  jellies  prepared  ;  but  how  these 
were  to  be  distributed,  what  quantities  of  each  would  be  required,  were 
matters  of  which  all  were  ignorant.  Still,  seventy-five  thousand  men  had 
been  called  from  their  homes,  to  meet  disease  and  death  upon  the  field  and  in 


78  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

the  camp ;  it  was  possible  that  hundreds  of  thousands  more  might  still  be 
called  upon ;  and  the  medical  staff  of  the  army,  as  it  existed  at  this  time,  was 
notoriously  unable  to  grapple  with  the  tremendous  difficulties  which  lay  before 
it.  It  was  plain  that  the  first  duty  of  those  who,  unable  to  aid  the  government 
by  shouldering  a  musket,  still  wished  to  serve  their  country  according  to  their 
strength,  was  to  come  to  an  understanding  with  the  central  authorities  as  to 
what  they  could  do  and  would  do,  and  what  they  could  not  do  and  yet  wanted 
done. 

Delegates  from  the  Women's  Central  Association  of  Eelief,  from  the  "  New 
York  Medical  Association  for  Furnishing  Hospital  Supplies  in  Aid  of  the 
Army,"  and  from  the  "Advisory  Committee  of  the  Board  of  Physicians  and 
Surgeons  of  the  Hospitals  of  New  York,"  visited  Washington  towards  the 
middle  of  May,  and  on  the  18th  of  the  month  addressed  a  communication  to 
the  Secretary  of  War  upon  the  subject  of  special  measures  of  prevention  of 
disease  in  the  now  rapidly  gathering  army,  and  of  the  utilization  of  voluntary 
contributions  from  the  people.  In  this  communication  were  the  following 
passages : 

"The  present  is  essentially  a  people's  war.  The  hearts  and  minds,  the 
bodies  and  souls,  of  the  whole  people  and  of  both  sexes,  throughout  the  loyal 
states,  are  in  it. 

"  Convinced,  by  inquiries  made  here,  of  the  practical  difficulty  of  reconci- 
ling the  claims  of  their  own  and  numerous  similar  associations  in  other  cities 
with  the  regular  workings  of  the  Commissariat  and  the  Medical  Bureau,  the 
undersigned  respectfully  ask  that  a  mixed  commission  of  civilians,  distin- 
guished for  their  philanthropic  experience  and  acquaintance  with  sanitary 
matters,  of  medical  men  and  of  military  officers,  be  appointed  by  the  govern- 
ment, who  shall  be  charged  with  the  duty  of  investigating  the  best  means  of 
methodizing  and  reducing  to  practical  service  the  already  active  but  undirected 
benevolence  of  the  people  towards  the  army ;  who  shall  consider  the  general 
subject  of  the  prevention  of  sickness  and  suffering  among  the  troops;  and 
suggest  the  wisest  methods  which  the  people  at  large  can  use  to  manifest  their 
good  will  towards  the  comfort,  security,  and  health  of  the  army. 

"  It  must  be  well  known  to  the  Department  of  War  that  several  such 
commissions  followed  the  Crimean  and  Indian  wars.  The  civilization  and 
humanity  of  the  age  and  of  the  American  people  demand  that  such  a  com- 
mission should  precede  our  second  war  of  independence — more  sacred  than 
the  first.  We  wish  to  prevent  the  evils  which  England  and  France  could 
only  investigate  and  deplore." 


THE  SANITAEY  COMMISSION.  79 

Four  days  after  the  date  of  this  document,  the  Acting  Surgeon-General  of 
the  Army,  after  stating,  in  a  note  to  the  Secretary  of  War,  that  the  pressure 
upon  his  bureau  had  been  unexpectedly  severe,  and  that  the  means  at  his 
disposal,  though  effectively  used,  had  proved  insufficient,  added :  "  The  Medi- 
cal Bureau  would,  in  my  judgment,  derive  important  and  useful  aid  from  the 
counsels  and  well-directed  efforts  of  an  intelligent  and  scientific  commission, 
to  be  styled  '  A  Commission  of  Inquiry  and  Advice  in  respect  to  the  Sanitary 
Interests  of  the  United  States  Forces,'  and  acting  in  co-operation  with  this 
bureau,  with  reference  to  the  diet  and  hygiene  of  troops  and  the  organization 
of  military  hospitals." 

The  next  day  the  committee  of  delegates  laid  a  statement  in  outline  of  the 
plan  and  powers  they  desired  to  recommend  before  the  Secretary  of  War, 
suggesting  that  the  commission  would  ask  for  no  legal  authority,  but  only  the 
official  sanction  and  moral  countenance  of  the  government,  which  would  be 
secured  by  its  public  appointment ;  it  desired  only  a  recommendatory  order, 
addressed  in  its  favor  to  all  officers  of  the  government,  to  farther  its  inquiries, 
and  the  permission  to  correspond  and  confer,  on  a  confidential  footing,  with 
the  Medical  Bureau  and  the  War  Department  upon  all  topics  connected  with 
their  duties.  The  paper  went  on  to  say  : 

"The  commission  would  inquire  with  scientific  thoroughness  into  the 
subjects  of  diet,  cooking,  cooks,  clothing,  tents,  camping  grounds,  transports, 
transitory  depots,  with  their  exposures,  camp  police,  with  reference  to  settling 
the  question  how  far  the  regulations  of  the  army  proper  are  or  can  be  practi- 
cally carried  out  among  the  volunteer  regiments,  and  what  changes  or  modifi- 
cations are  desirable  from  their  peculiar  character  and  circumstances.  Every- 
thing appertaining  to  outfit,  cleanliness,  precautions  against  damp,  cold,  heat, 
malaria,  infection;  crude,  unvaried,  or  ill-cooked  food,  and  an  irregular  or 
careless  regimental  commissariat,  would  fall  under  this  head. 

"  The  commission  would  inquire  into  the  organization  of  military  hospitals, 
general  and  regimental ;  the  precise  regulations  and  routine  through  which  the 
services  of  the  patriotic  women  of  the  country  could  be  made  available  as 
nurses;  the  nature  and  sufficiency  of  hospital  supplies;  the  question  of 
ambulances  and  field  services,  and  of  extra  medical  aid ;  and  whatever  else 
relates  to  the  care,  relief,  and  cure  of  the  sick  and  wounded." 

These  printed  statements,  addressed  to  the  War  Department  preliminary  to 
the  institution  of  the  Sanitary  Commission,  bore  the  signatures  of  Henry 
W.  Bellows,  D.  D. ;  W.  H.  Van  Buren,  M.  D. ;  J.  Harsen,  M.  D. ;  and  Elisha 
Harris,  M.  D.,  delegates  from  the  three  above  mentioned  New  York  societies. 


80  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

There  seems  to  be  no  reason  to  doubt  that  the  President  and  Secretary  of 
War  both  looked  upon  this  scheme  as  visionary  and  sentimental ;  as  an  idea 
originating  with  well  meaning,  benevolent  people,  but  one  that  would  bear  no 
fruit  when  confronted  with  the  terrible  realities  of  the  field  and  hospital.  The 
earnestness  and  the  high  social  and  professional  position  of  its  advocates  might 
all  have  gone  for  naught,  had  not  the  Surgeon-General,  in  the  document 
already  quoted  from,  asked  for  some  such  assistance,  and  represented  his 
bureau  as  likely  to  be  overwhelmed  unless  aid  were  afforded  from  without. 

"I  confess  now,"  said  a  member  of  the  cabinet,  two  years  later,  "that  I  had 
no  faith  in  the  commission  when  it  started — prophesied  that  it  would  upset 
itself  in  six  months,  and  that  we  should  be  lucky  if  it  did  not  help  to  upset 
us  !  None  of  us  had  faith  in  it ;  but  it  seemed  easier  to  let  it  destroy  itself 
than  to  resist  the  popular  urgency  which  called  so  lustily  for  a  trial  of  it.  I 
am  free  to  confess  that  it  has  been  of  the  greatest  service  to  the  country, 
that  it  has  occasioned  none  of  the  evils  expected  from  it,  and  that  it  has  lived 
down  all  the  fears  and  misgivings  of  the  government.  I  hear  from  no  quarter 
a  word  against  it." 

The  official  warrant  creating  the  commission  issued  from  the  "War  Office 
on  the  9th  of  June,  though  it  was  not  signed  by  the  President  till  the  13th. 
This  paper  specified  the  objects  to  which  the  commission  should  direct  its 
inquiries,  and  appointed  the  persons  who  should  compose  it.  These  were  as 
follows : 

President, 
Rev.  HENEY  W.  BELLOWS,  D.  D.,  New  York. 

Vice-President, 
Prof.  A.  D.  BACHE,  LL.  D.,  Washington. 

Corresponding  Secretary, 
ELISHA  HAEEIS,  M.  D.,  New  York. 
GEOEGE  W.  CULLUM,  U.  S.  A.,  Washington. 
ALEXANDEE  E.  SHIEAS,  U.  S.  A.,  Washington. 
EOBEET  C.  WOOD,  M.  D.,  U.  S.  A.,  Washington. 
WILLIAM  H.  VAN  BUEEN,  M.  D.,  New  York. 
WOLCOTT  GIBBS,  M.  D.,  New  York. 
COENELIUS  R.  AGNEW,  M.  D.,  New  York 
GEOEGE  T.  STEONG,  New  York. 
FEEDEEICK  LAW  OLMSTED,  New  York. 
SAMUEL  G.  HOWE,  M.  D.,  Boston. 
J.  S.  NEWBEEEY,  M.  D.,  Cleveland. 


THE   SANITARY   COMMISSION.  81 

To  these  were  subsequently  added : 

HORACE  BINNEY,  Jr.,  Philadelphia ; 

Et.  Kev.  THOMAS  M.  CLARK,  D.  D.,  Providence; 

Hon.  JOSEPH  HOLT,  Kentucky ; 

K.  "W.  BURNET,  Cincinnati ; 

Hon.  MARK  SKINNER,  Chicago; 

Eev.  JOHN  H.  HEYWOOD,  Louisville ; 

Prof.  FAIRMAN  KOGERS,  Philadelphia ; 

CHARLES  J.  STTLLE,  Philadelphia ; 

J.  HUNTINGTON  WOLCOTT,  Boston  ; 
and  about  five  hundred  associate  members,  in  all  parts  of  the  country. 

Mr.  Frederick  Law  Olmsted  was  placed  in  charge  of  the  central  office,  as 
General  Secretary  of  the  Commission,  and  gave  himself  wholly  to  its  execu- 
tive duties ;  and  to  his  remarkable  powers  of  organization  must  be  attributed 
a  large  share  of  the  success  which  has  attended  the  labors  of  the  commission. 

The  greater  number  of  the  gentlemen  thus  named  at  once  convened  at 
Washington,  and  adopted  the  plan  of  organization  which  immediately  became 
and  long  remained  the  broad  basis  of  operations  almost  continental  in  their 
extent.  The  president  of  the  commission  hastened  upon  a  tour  of  observa- 
tion and  inquiry  in  the  West,  while  other  commissioners  visited  the  forces 
gathering  upon  the  Potomac.  Until  battle  actually  occurred,  prevention  and 
sanitary  inspection  engrossed  the  larger  share  of  the  attention  of  the  mem- 
bers. Preparations  were,  nevertheless,  made  in  view  of  an  actual  collision, 
and  the  battle  of  Bull  Kun  found  their  emissaries  and  delegates  ready  to  take 
the  field. 

In  the  first  public  appeal  for  money  and  supplies — being  a  letter  to  an 
auxiliary  committee  of  finance  just  organized  in  New  York — Dr.  Bellows, 
fresh  from  his  western  tour,  used  the  following  language : 

"  Consider  the  prospects  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  troops,  chiefly 
volunteers,  gathered  not  only  from  the  out-door,  but  still  more  from  the  in- 
door occupations  of  life — farmers,  clerks,  students,  mechanics,  lawyers,  doctors, 
accustomed,  for  the  most  part,  to  regularity  of  life,  and  those  comforts  of 
home  which,  above  any  recorded  experience,  bless  our  own  prosperous  land 
and  benignant  institutions ;  consider  these  men,  used  to  the  tender  providence 
of  mothers,  wives,  and  sisters,  to  varied  and  well  prepared  food,  separate  and 
commodious  homes,  moderate  toil,  to  careful  medical  supervision  in  all  their 


82  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

ailments ;  consider  these  men,  many  of  them  not  yet  hardened  into  the  bone 
of  rugged  manhood,  suddenly  precipitated  by  unexpected  events  into  the  field 
of  war,  at  the  very  season  of  the  greatest  heat,  transferred  to  climates  to  which 
they  are  unwonted,  driven  to  the  use  of  food  and  water  to  which  they  are  not 
accustomed,  living  in  crowded  barracks  and  tents,  sleeping  on  the  bare  earth, 
broken  of  rest,  called  on  to  bear  arms  six  and  eight  hours  a  day,  to  make 
rapid  marches  over  rough  roads'  in  July  and  August,  wearing  their  thick 
uniforms  and  carrying  heavy  knapsacks  on  their  backs — and  what  can  be 
looked  for  but  men  falling  by  the  dozen  in  the  ranks  from  sheer  exhaustion, 
hundreds  prostrated  with  relaxing  disorders,  and,  finally,  thousands  suddenly 
swept  off  by  camp  diseases,  the  result  of  irregularity  of  life,  exposure,  filth, 
heat,  and  inability  to  take  care  of  themselves  under  such  novel  conditions." 

The  first  estimate  made  by  the  commission  of  the  amount  of  money  that 
would  be  required  to  distribute  the  supplies  in  kind  that  it  was  already  receiv- 
ing in  abundance,  and  for  all  incidental  expenses,  was  fifty  thousand  dollars — 
so  universal  was  the  belief  that  the  rebellion  would  be  summarily  suppressed. 
An  appeal  was  specially  addressed  to  the  life  insurance  companies,  "whose 
intelligent  acquaintance,"  said  the  commission,  "with  vital  statistics  consti- 
stutes  them  the  proper  and  the  readiest  judges  of  the  necessities  of  such  a 
commission.  We  look  to  them  to  give  the  first  indorsement  to  our  enter- 
prise by  generous  donations — the  best  proof  they  can  give  the  public  of 
the  solid  claim  we  have  on  the  liberality  of  the  rich,  the  patriotic,  and  the 
humane." 

The  first  instalments  of  the  nation's  bounty  came  from  these  institutions : 
the  New  England  Company  giving  $3,000 ;  the  New  York,  $5,000 ;  the 
Mutual  Benefit,  $2,000 ;  the  Mutual,  $3,000,  and,  at  a  later  period,  $6,000 
more.  The  Central  Finance  Committee  of  New  York  now  issued  a  fervent, 
and,  as  it  proved,  irresistible  appeal,  making  the  following  strong  points : 

"  Never  before,  in  the  history  of  human  benevolence,  did  a  gracious  Provi- 
dence vouchsafe  an  opportunity  for  doing  good  on  such  a  scale,  to  so  great  a 
number,  in  so  short  a  time,  and  with  comparatively  so  little  money.  Of  the 
immense  array  of  three  hundred  thousand  men  now  in  arms  in  our  defence — 
to  be  swelled,  if  necessary,  to  five  hundred  thousand — the  experienced  mili- 
tary and  medical  members  of  the  Sanitary  Commission  declare  that  one-fifth, 
if  not  one-fourth,  who  must  otherwise  perish,  may  be  saved  by  proper  care. 
*  #  •*  *  *  *  * 

"  Men  and  women  of  New  York !  We  beg  you  to  awake  to  instant  action. 
Death  is  already  in  the  breeze.  Disease,  insidious  and  inevitable,  is  even  now 


THE   SANITARY   COMMISSION.  83 

stealing  through  the  camps,  on  scorching  plain,  in  midnight  damp,  menacing 
our  dearest  treasure — the  very  flower  of  our  nation's  youth.  You  surely  will 
not  permit  them  thus  ingloriously  to  perish.  In  the  name  of  humanity  and 
patriotism ;  in  the  name  alike  of  justice  and  manly  generosity,  bidding  us 
save  them  who  stake  their  lives  in  saving  us ;  in  the  name  of  the  honored 
ancestors  who  fought  for  the  land  we  live  in ;  in  the  name  of  the  Blessed 
Being,  the  friend  on  earth  of  the  sick  and  the  suffering,  we  now  commit  this 
holy  cause  to  your  willing  hearts,  your  helping  hands,  with  our  earnest  assu- 
rance that  whatever  you  do  will  be  doubly  welcome  if  done  at  once. 

"SAMUEL  B.  RUGGLES, 
"CHRISTOPHER  R.  ROBERT, 
"ROBERT  B.  MINTURN, 
"GEORGE  OPDYKE, 
"JONATHAN  STURGES, 
"  MORRIS  KETCHUM, 
"WILLIAM  A.  BOOTH, 

"DAVID    HOADLEY, 

"J.  P.  GIRAUD  FOSTER, 
"CHARLES  E.  STRONG, 

"  Members  of  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Central  Financial 

"  Committee  U.  S.  Sanitary  Association. 
"  NEW  YOEK,  July  13,  1861." 

A  week  after  the  publication  of  this  appeal  occurred  the  battle  of  Bull 
Run,  the  commentary  thus  accompanying  the  text  The  whole  country 
unloosed  its  purse-strings,  and  opened  wide  the  doors  of  pantry,  larder,  cellar 
and  wardrobe.  In  one  night  the  Washington  storehouse  was  filled  to  over- 
flowing. A  long  peace  had  left  the  houses  of  the  land  well  stocked  with  the 
materials  which,  with  a  little  manipulation,  and  a  few  hundred  miles  of 
travel,  would  serve  to  preserve  health  and  even  life.  The  shelves  groaned 
beneath  piles  of  cotton  which  had  not  yet  been  thought  cheap  at  a  shilling  a 
yard,  with  linen  and  woolen  fabrics  that  had  accumulated  almost  insensibly. 
The  raw  material  was  at  hand  and  abundant ;  the  fingers  to  fashion  it  into 
shirt,  sock,  havelock,  sheet,  blanket,  ached  to  be  at  work.  Thus,  the  plan 
laid  down  by  the  commission  having  been  generally  approved ;  the  names  of 
the  gentlemen  composing  it  inspiring  universal  confidence,  and  the  appoint- 
ment of  Mr.  George  T.  Strong,  of  New  York,  as  treasurer,  furnishing  a 
guarantee  that  all  funds  intrusted  to  it  would  be  faithfully  guarded  and 


84  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

prudently  administered,  the  United  States  Sanitary  Commission  entered  upon 
its  marvellous,  unexampled  career  of  practical  philanthropy. 

Though  it  forms  no  part  of  the  object  of  this  work  to  describe  in  detail 
the  vast  operations  of  this  and  other  similar  associations,  we  may  incidentally 
give  a  brief  sketch  of  their  working  plans — that  of  the  Sanitary  Commission 
including  three  distinct  departments  of  labor : 

1st.  THE  PREVENTIVE  SERVICE  OR  SANITARY  INSPECTION. — This  depart- 
ment employs  the  services  of  a  corps  of  medical  inspectors,  who  visit  the 
camps,  hospitals,  and  transports  of  each  army  corps  in  the  field ;  who  watch 
all  chance  of  danger  from  change  of  climate,  from  exposure,  from  malarious 
causes,  from  hard  marching,  or  from  any  failure  of  supplies  or  transportation. 
Reports  made  by  them  to  the  proper  authorities  lead  either  to  the  adoption  of 
better  methods  of  supply,  to  change  of  location,  or  to  sanitary  reform.  These 
reports,  too,  furnish  the  basis  of  valuable  tables,  which  it  is  the  duty  of  a 
bureau  of  statistics  to  elaborate  from  the  data  thus  supplied.  To  this  depart- 
ment belongs  the  Corps  of  Special  Hospital  Inspectors,  who  from  time  to  time 
make  the  tour  of  all  the  general  army  hospitals,  and  report  upon  their  condi- 
tion, wants,  or  progress.  The  preparation  and  issue  of  medical  tracts  and  of 
concise  sanitary  bulletins,  for  the  information  of  officers  and  men,  also  fall 
within  the  duties  of  the  preventive  service.  These  treatises  have  been,  many 
of  them,  written  by  the  ablest  physicians  and  surgeons  in  the  country,  and 
their  value  to  the  service  cannot  be  overestimated. 

2d.  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  GENERAL  BELIEF. — This  branch  of  the  service 
embraces  three-quarters  of  the  whole  work  done  by  the  commission.  Its  duty 
is  to  supply  food,  clothing,  bandages,  hospital  furniture,  bedding,  delicacies, 
stimulants,  cordials,  &c.,  &c.,  for  the  wounded  on  the  field,  and  for  the  sick 
and  wounded  in  camp,  field,  post,  regimental,  and  general  hospitals.  These 
supplies  are  originally  collected  from  the  people  into  the  twelve  branches  of 
the  commission,  located  respectively  at 

Boston,  Baltimore,  Chicago,  Louisville, 

New  York,  Cincinnati,  Columbus,  Pittsburg, 

Philadelphia,  Cleveland,  Detroit,  Buffalo. 

Each  of  these  branches  is  a  central  point  for  the  numerous  aid  societies  in  its 
neighborhood,  as  many  as  twelve  hundred  being  in  some  cases  tributary  to  a 
single  branch  office.  The  stores  thus  received  are  opened,  assorted,  repacked, 
and  shipped,  according  to  instructions  received,  to  the  associate  secretary  of 
the  east  or  west,  whose  duty  it  is  to  know  where  they  will  be  first  needed,  and 
to  see  that  they  are  taken  there.  These  supplies,  upon  the  field  or  in  the 


THE   SANITARY  COMMISSION. 


85 


THE   SANITARY    COMMISSION    IN   THE   HOSPITAL. 


hospital,  are  distributed  impartially  to  all  who  need  them,  whether  they  come 
from  Maine  or  Missouri,  whether  they  are  Union  soldiers  or  rebel  prisoners. 
Certain  states  have  not  contributed  either  to  the  treasury  or  the  storehouses 
of  the  commission,  but  nothing  has  ever  been  withheld  from  the  soldiers  of 
these  states  on  that  account.  The  result  of  the  meeting  of  the  agents  of  a 
local  state  organization  and  those  of  the  commission  upon  a  battle-field,  has 
often  been  that  the  former,  seeing  the  evil  effects  of  exclusiveness,  have,  for 
that  particular  exigency,  merged  their  supplies  in  the  stock  of  the  commission, 
and  have  themselves  aided  in  distributing  them  without  state  distinction. 

3d.  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  SPECIAL  BELIEF. — The  associate  secretaries  of 
the  east  and  of  the  west,  the  Eev.  Mr.  Knapp,  at  "Washington,  and  Dr.  New- 
berry,  at  Louisville,  have  the  general  direction  of  this  department,  "  which 


86  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

deals  mainly  with  the  waifs  and  strays  of  the  army,  and  relieves  the  individual 
soldier  when  temporarily  out  of  connection  with  the  military  system."  The 
"  Soldiers'  Homes"  of  the  commission  come  under  this  head.  Here  shelter, 
food,  and  medical  care  are  furnished  to  men  who,  for  one  reason  or  another, 
cannot  get  it  directly  of  the  government — such  as  men  on  furlough  or  sick 
leave,  recruits,  stragglers,  men  who  have  been  left  behind  by  their  regiments, 
or  who  have  been  prematurely  discharged  from  the  hospitals.  At  one  period 
the  eight  homes  at  Washington,  Cincinnati,  Cairo,  Louisville,  Nashville, 
Columbus,  Cleveland,  and  New  Orleans,  gave  food  and  lodging  to  two  thou- 
sand three  hundred  men  every  twenty-four  hours. 

There  are  also  several  "lodges,"  or  homes  on  a  smaller  scale,  belonging  to 
this  department.  Here  the  soldier,  enfeebled  but  not  disabled,  may  wait  his 
opportunity  of  securing  his  pay,  or  may  obtain  rest  and  medical  treatment 
till  he  is  either  able  to  rejoin  his  regiment  or  may  be  transferred  to  the 
hospital.  The  hospital  cars ;  the  hospital  steamboats ;  the  agencies  for  aiding 
the  soldier  or  his  family  to  obtain  back  pay,  bounties,  or  pensions ;  the  hos- 
pital directories,  containing  the  names  and  military  status  of  every  man  who 
has  received  hospital  treatment ;  the  sending  of  supplies  to  prisoners  at  Rich- 
mond by  flag  of  truce  boat — all  these  varied  services  belong  to,  and  are  per- 
formed by,  the  Department  of  Special  Relief. 

For  somewhat  over  a  year  the  simple  machinery  adopted  for  procuring 
from  the  people  the  requisite  supplies,  and  the  funds  necessary  to  move, 
distribute,  and  properly  apply  them,  proved  amply  sufficient.  From  time  to 
time  a  fresh  appeal  was  issued ;  the  subject  was  kept  constantly  before  the 
country  by  means  of  the  press ;  the  army  bore  witness  in  thousands  of  letters, 
written  by  those  whom  experience  had  taught,  to  the  efficiency,  integrity,  and 
humanity  of  the  commission.  The  willing  fingers  knew  no  rest,  the  scissors 
and  the  needle  no  respite.  The  people  had  insensibly  taken,  as  it  were,  the 
measure  of  the  situation,  and  were  furnishing,  month  by  month,  a  supply 
which,  up  to  June,  1862,  had  proved  amply  sufficient.  But  now  came  in 
quick  succession  Williamsburg,  Fair  Oaks,  Games'  Mills,  Malvern  Hill,  the 
terrible  second  battle  of  Bull  Run,  and  finally  the  bloody  victory  of  Antietam. 
This  last  struggle  left  ten  thousand  of  our  own  men  wounded  upon  the  field, 
and  several  thousand  rebel  prisoners  in  our  hands.  This  series  of  battles, 
culminating  upon  the  soil  of  Maryland,  exhausted  the  commission's  reserved 
stores,  and  sent  the  last  funds  of  the  treasury  into  the  market  for  the  purchase 
of  an  additional  supply.  "-It  was  at  this  hour  of  imperative  duty  and  greatest 
anxiety,"  we  quote  one  of  the  reports  of  the  commission,  "  on  the  21st  of 


ALERT  CLUBS. 


87 


BEFORE  THE   BATTLE. 


September,  the  fourth  day  after  the  battle,  that  a  telegram  from  California 
brought  intelligence  of  liberal  promise  of  pecuniary  aid  from  the  Pacific  coast; 
and  with  that  inspiring  promise  came  the  welcome  announcement  that  a  hun- 
dred thousand  dollars — the  first  instalment  of  the  golden  treasure — was  then 
on  the  way  to  the  Sanitary  Commission.  That  hundred  thousand  dollars,  at 
the  time,  seemed  to  be  the  means  of  insuring  the  successful  prosecution  of  the 
commission's  greatly  expanded  methods  of  aid ;  and  every  subsequent  passage 
in  the  history  of  its  sanitary  works,  and  its  relief  service,  will  tell  how  energi- 
zing and  how  salutary  was  that  early  lesson  of  faith,  and  how  California's  gold 
has  strengthened  and  established  the  broad  plans  and  humane  purposes  that 
might  otherwise  have  fluctuated  between  necessity  and  inability." 

But  to  refer  in  greater  detail  to  some  of  the  ways  and  means  adopted  to 
collect  the  contributions  of  the  people.  "  Alert  Clubs"  had  been  established  in 
many  of  the  villages  and  hamlets  throughout  .the  country,  and  these  were 
as  successful  in  bringing  money  into  the  treasury  of  the  commission  as  the 
Dorcas,  Thimble,  Needle,  and  Picket  Associations  were  in  replenishing  its 
wardrobe  and  storecloset.  They  derived  their  name  from  the  Alert  Club, 
composed  of  the  little  girls  and  young  people  of  Norwalk,  Ohio,  who  collected 
in  seven  months,  in  a  village  of  two  thousand  souls,  with  hardly  a  single 
person  of  wealth  among  them,  $560.  Their  immediate  aim  was  to  furnish 


88  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK 

the  aid  society  of  their  town  or  neighborhood  with  the  means  of  purchasing 
material  to  cut  and  make  up :  as  has  been  said,  the  past  year  had  made  sad 
havoc  among  the  reserves  and  accumulations  of  the  people.  These  clubs  had 

each  a  president,  secretary,  two  treasurers,  and 
as  many  collectors  as  possible,  often  forty.  The 
president  divided  the  neighborhood  into  dis- 
tricts, and  appointed  four  collectors  for  each — 
two  ladies,  two  gentlemen.  These  were  to  obtain 
subscriptions  among  the  ladies  of  twenty  cents 
a  month,  and  among  the  gentlemen  of  as  much 
as  their  good  will  prompted  them  to  give.  Their 
duty  was  to  call  at  every  house  in  the  district, 
omitting  none,  no  matter  what  its  alleged  illib- 
erality,  inscribing  each  name  given  and  every 

Aur.ui. 

sum  collected  in*  a  book  furnished  for  that  pur- 
pose by  the  aid  society.  Every  subscriber  was  to  be  asked  for  his  subscrip- 
tion on  and  after  the  first  Monday  of  the  month,  and  accounts  were  to  be 
audited  and  collections  paid  over  to  the  parent  society  on  the  second  Monday. 
At  the  monthly  meetings  of  the  Alerts,  they  might,  if  they  chose,  make  slip- 
pers and  quilts,  though  they  were  not  expected  to  burden  themselves  with 
any  other  labor  than  the  collection  of  funds.  The  fact  has  been,  indeed,  that 
they  made  few  slippers  and  fewer  quilts;  but  they  did  what  was  better,  or 
what  led  to  better  financial  results:  they  gave  concerts  and  tea-parties  in 
winter,  and  strawberry  festivals  in  June ;  they  picked  blackberries  in  August ; 
gave  their  firework  money  for  onions  in  July ;  held  fairs  on  the  door-step 
and  in  the  front  yard,  whenever  it  did  not  rain ;  enacted  charades  when  any 
one  would  pay  to  see  them;  and,  throughout  the  war,  worked  with  a  zeal 
worthy  of  older  heads,  and  an  unselfishness  beyond  all  praise. 

Towards  the  close  of  1862  the  supplies  of  cotton  and  woolen  material 
were  exhausted  throughout  the  country,  having  stood  the  drain  of  nearly 
two  years.  The  sewing  societies  were  as  willing  to  work  as  ever ;  but  they 
had  no  cloth  to  work  upon.  Applications  were  therefore  constantly  made  to 
the  Central  Commission  for  material,  which  the  village  aid  societies  would  be 
glad  to  make  up.  The  commission  made  a  short  trial  of  this  plan,  but  finding 
that  it  arrested  even  the  straggling  flow  of  supplies  toward  their  depots,  aban- 
doned it.  If  any  societies  were  thus  furnished,  all  must  be,  and  this  would 
ruin  the  treasury  in  twenty  days. 

"  Nothing,"  said  the  commission,  in  an  appeal  issued  at  this  time,  "  but 


THE  SANITARY   COMMISSION.  89 

the  unbought,  freely  given  services  of  our  people  at  "home,  both  in  furnishing 
labor  and  material,  can  avail  to  meet  the  vast  demand  for  hospital  clothing 
existing  among  our  suffering  troops.  If  you  recall  the  fact  that  we  have 


SANITARY  CHARADE:  MET-A-PHTSICIAN. 


70,000  men  in  general  hospitals,  10,000  men  in  regimental  hospitals,  and  per- 
haps 50,000  more  in  convalescent  camps,  you  will  see  what  a  vast  supply 
these  130,000  sick  or  invalid  soldiers  require.  For  you  have  only  to  think 
how  much  change  of  clothing,  how  much  costly  medicine,  how  much  delicate 
food,  how  much  wine  and  other  stimulants,  a  single  sick  person  at  home 
requires,  to  appreciate  the  endless  wants  of  130,000  men  in  our  hospitals  and 
camps,  one-third  seriously  ill,  one-third  really  sick,  and  one-third  ailing. 
Nothing  short  of  the  free  activity  and  free  contributions  of  every  family, 
hamlet,  village,  church,  and  community,  throughout  the  loyal  states,  contin- 
ued as  long  as  the  war  continues,  can  avail  to  meet  this  never  ending,  always 
increasing  drain. 

"  It  is  the  little  springs  of  fireside  labor  oozing  into  the  rills  of  village 
industry,  these  again  uniting  in  the  streams  of  county  beneficence,  and  these 
in  state  or  larger  movements,  flowing  together  into  the  rivers  which  directly 
empty  into  our  great  national  reservoir  of  supplies,  which  could  alone  render 


90  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

possible  the  vast  outflow  of  assistance  which  the  Sanitary  Commission  is 
lending  our  sick  and  wounded  soldiers.  It  is  only  necessary  to  give  one 
statement  to  prove  the  absurdity  of  attempting  to  supply  from  our  treasury 
the  material  of  this  home-labor  for  our  cause.  During  the  month  of  Septem- 
ber, the  Sanitary  Commission  distributed  daily,  through  its  various  agencies, 
"West,  East,  and  South,  as  well  as  can  be  now  ascertained,  not  less  than 
26,000  articles,  which,  at  an  estimated  value  of  fifty  cents  each,  were  worth 
thirteen  thousand  dollars.  In  a  month  of  thirty-one  days,  as  any  one  can  see, 
this  would  amount  to  over  $400,000  ;  and  supposing  only  half  the  value  to  be 
in  the  material,  you  can  see  that  it  would  cost  us  $200,000  per  month  to 
supply  the  material  which  has,  up  to  this  time,  been  given  us.  This  state- 
ment equally  demonstrates  the  munificence  of  our  contributors,  in  the  past, 
and  the  utter  folly  of  attempting  to  substitute  our  money  for  their  free  gifts. 
No !  the  moment  the  liberality  and  confidence  of  the  homes  and  villages 
desert  the  Sanitary  Commission,  that  moment  its  work  of  relief  is  ended." 

During  the  year  1863,  not  only  the  hoarded  linen  being  exhausted,  but 
many  a  bed  having  been  despoiled  of  its  quilt,  many  a  window  of  its  curtain, 
it  became  necessary  for  the  commission  to  enter  the  market  and  purchase. 
Now  cotton  was  extravagantly  dear,  and  the  money  of  the  commission,  like 
that  of  every  one  else,  was  the  depreciated  currency  of  the  country.  A  dollar 
was  doubtless  a  dollar  to  all  who  gave,  but  its  value,  in  the  hands  of  those  who 
spent,  fluctuated  with  the  fortunes  of  the  war.  Fortunately,  California  and 
the  Pacific  coast  continued  their  munificent  donations,  and  this  portion  of  the 
receipts  of  the  commission  represented  dollar  for  dollar.  Thus,  as  the  giving 
of  stores  fell  off,  that  of  money  increased,  and  the  commission  was  enabled  to 
sustain  itself. 

The  following  extract  from  a  speech  in  San  Francisco,  by  Mr.  William  T. 
Coleman,  will  show  by  what  arguments  the  Californians  were  wrought  up  to 
the  necessary  pitch  of  generosity,  though,  indeed,  they  needed  little  urging : 

"It  was  cheering,"  he  said,  "to  Californians  in  the  East,  to  witness  the 
emulation  and  spirit  caused  by  the  contributions  of  our  state  to  the  Sanitary 
Fund.  Never  did  a  people  gain  so  much  at  so  small  a  price.  The  donations 
coming  in  a  bulk,  appeared  to  be  large ;  but,  really,  this  state  has  given  very 
little,  in  comparison  with  others.  The  loyal  states  of  the  east  have  all  been 
called  upon  for  contributions  in  many  ways  not  witnessed  here.  There  were 
soldiers  to  be  fitted  out,  wounded  soldiers  to  be  received  on  their  return,  help 
to  be  sent  to  the  battle-field,  and  appeals  were  made  at  every  corner.  People 
have  not  stopped  to  inquire  any  thing,  save  whether  the  sufferer  was  a  soldier 


THE   BOUNTY  OF  CALIFORNIA.  91 

and  in  need.  The  government  provided  arms  and  ammunition  in  abundance, 
but  hospital  supplies  were  lacking ;  the  cause  was  in  danger  of  great  loss 
by  neglecting  wounded  men  in  the  field  and  in  the  hospitals.  Then  it 
was  that  California  blazed  up  suddenly  with  a  brilliant,  a  golden  light,  and 
our  state  gained  a  name  of  which  Californians,  with  all  their  vanity,  may  well 
be  proud. 

"  Though  the  eastern  states  have  given  much  more,  their  gifts  were  not 
in  one  large  stream,  but  in  numberless  rivulets — by  states,  by  cities,  by 
villages,  by  societies.  The  treasurer  of  no  eastern  association  has  had  the 
satisfaction  of  sending  $100,000  at  one  time.  But  if  California  should  give 
$100,000  per  month,  she  would  not  give  any  more  than  her  share.  Congratu- 
late yourselves  that  you  have  so  little  to  do ;  but  take  care  to  do  it  well.  This 
state  ought  really  to  bear  the  entire  expenses  of  the  Sanitary  Commission. 
Let  us  send  them  more  than  they  ask.  We  could  do  it  and  never  miss  it. 

"  The  attention  and  favor  of  the  Sanitary  Commission  are  not  limited  to 
any  class  of  soldiers.  No  lines  are  drawn  of  nativity,  or  of  shades  of  religious 
or  political  opinion.  Officers  of  the  Commission  do  not  turn  their  backs  on 
wounded  rebels,  but  supply  their  wants  also,  and  God  grant  that  they  make 
better  men.  There  were,  not  long  since,  2,500  sick  and  wounded  rebels  at 
New  York,  and  they  were  not  neglected.  The  Sanitary  Commission  has 
saved  more  lives  and  spared  more  suffering  than  any  other  effort  of  that  kind 
ever  made.  I  now  ask  you,  fellow-citizens,  to  again  come  forward  with  your 
contributions  and  subscriptions.  Your  wealth  is  increasing  at  a  rate  une- 
qualled in  the  world,  and  this  great  charity  is  ready  to  relieve  you  of  part  of 
the  responsibility  and  burden.  Send  fifty  bars  of  gold  and  a  hundred  of 
silver,  through  Wells,  Fargo  &  Co.,  by  steamer,  to  the  Sanitary  Commission, 
with  the  compliments  of  California,  and  you  will  strengthen  the  well  with 
confidence  and  renewed  zeal,  and  the  wounded  will  find  their  cup  sweeter  and 
their  beds  softer,  while  they  bless  the  Golden  State. " 

One  instance  of  the  spirit  which  animated  those  who,  having  literally 
nothing  to  give,  nevertheless  gave,  may  properly  bxe  mentioned  here,  as  it  has 
never  been  mentioned  elsewhere.  The  Eev.  George  Gordon,  whom  ill  health 
and  other  afflictions  had  deprived  of  his  pulpit,  and  who  had  no  hopes  of  ever 
filling  another,  with  a  large  family,  no  income,  and  no  property  but  a  small 
house  and  garden,  with  two  sons  in  the  army  and  a  bed-ridden  daughter  at 
home,  lived  in  Putnam  county,  New  York,  a  few  miles  from  the  five  hotels 
lining  the  eastern  bank  of  Lake  Mahopac.  The  only  church  here  being 
Methodist,  and  very  small,  it  was  the  custom  of  the  visitors  at  the  various 


92  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

hotels  to  meet  on  Sunday  mornings  in  the  parlor  of  the  Baldwin  House  for 
religious  worship.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Gordon  read  the  service  and  preached,  and 
the  collections  taken  up,  on  the  eight  Sundays  of  the  brief  Mahopac  season, 
constituted  his  sole  money  receipts  for  the  year.  The  President  appointed  a 
day  for  thanksgiving  and  praise  after  the  capture  of  Vicksburg,  and  what 
might  be  taken  up  on  that  Thursday  Mr.  Gordon  proposed  should  be  sent  to 
the  Sanitary  Commission.  The  congregation  objected,  not  that  they  did  not 
wish  well  to  the  commission,  but  that  they  deemed  the  sacrifice  too  great  for 
the  reverend  gentleman  to  make.  But  not  one  penny  would  Mr.  Gordon 
touch,  and  the  receipt  of  a  certain  sum  of  money,  from  the  Rev.  George  Gor- 
don, "  the  result  of  a  collection  taken  at  Lake  Mahopac,"  was  soon  afterwards 
acknowledged  by  Mr.  George  Strong.  This,  the  attendants  upon  the  parlor 
service  felt,  was  Mr.  Gordon's  gift,  not  theirs ;  and  conscious  that  he,  of  his 
penury,  had  cast  in  more  than  they  all,  quietly  circulated  a  paper  from  house 
to  house,  from  dock  to  bowling-alley,  on  Blackberry  Island  and  Petrea,  and 
on  the  following  Sunday  presented  Mr.  Gordon  with  a  list  and  a  long  roll. 
The  humane  clergyman  had  cast  his  bread  upon  the  waters;  he  had  sent 
thirty-seven  dollars  to  the  hospital,  and  it  came  back  to  him  five  dollars 
for  one. 

We  come  now  to  the  era  of  the  great  sanitary  fairs  which,  in  the  fall  of 
1863,  and  during  1864  and  1865,  were  held  from  one  end  of  the  country  to 
the  other.  Postponing,  for  the  present,  a  description  of  them — a  description 
which  we  give  elsewhere  in  detail,  as  the  best  method  of  showing  the  zeal,  the 
devotion,  the  ingenuity  of  the  various  neighborhoods  interested — we  quote 
from  a  letter  written  by  the  president  of  the  commission  some  months  later, 
but  the  proper  place  of  which,  in  a  consecutive  narrative,  is  here.  This  letter 
was  in  answer  to  one  from  the  Rev.  Mr.  Beecher,  in  which  these  words 
occurred :  "  There  is  great  ignorance  of  the  scope  of  the  commission,  its  details 
and  its  need  of  vast  funds ;  and  where  there  is  ignorance  there  will  be  more 
or  less  fear  and  doubt  whether  such  volumes  of  money,  as  in  the  imagination 
of  the  people  are  rolling  into  the  treasury,  can  be  needed  or  well  spent." 
Dr.  Bellows  replied  as  follows : 

"The  business  of  the  United  States  Sanitary  Commission  lies  : 
"I.  In  collecting  supplies.  This  is  done  through  its  branches.  During 
the  first  two  years  the  homes  of  the  country  sent  of  their  superfluity  immense 
quantities  of  sheets,  pillow-cases,  comforters,  blankets,  shirts,  drawers,  socks, 
&c.  This  superfluity  is  long  ago  exhausted,  while  the  want  continues.  Of 
course  now  they  must  buy  the  raw  material,  and  make  up  newly  what  they 


COLLECTION  AND  PURCHASE  OF  SUPPLIES.  93 

originally  could  take  out  of  their  closets  and  trunks.  Hence  the  necessity  of 
the  great  fairs  to  raise  the  money  to  purchase  the  clothing  and  other  supplies 
which  they  obtained  formerly  in  another  way.  All  the  money  raised  by  the 
fairs  will  be  spent,  with  small  exceptions,  at  home,  in  creating  supplies.  It 
takes  about  fifteen-sixteenths  of  all  the  cost  of  the  United  States  Sanitary 
Commission  to  furnish  its  supplies  and  transportation.  The  other  one-six- 
teenth goes  into  the  support  of  its  homes,  its  lodges,  its  machinery  of  distri- 
bution, its  hospital  directory,  and  hospital  and  camp  inspection.  The  cash 
which  actually  reaches  the  central  treasury  of  the  United  States  Sanitary 
Commission  has,  in  three  years,  amounted  to  about  one  million  of  dollars,  of 
which  the  Pacific  coast  has  given  nearly  three-quarters.  It  would  be  well  for 
those  who  on  the  Atlantic  coast  sometimes  question  our  economy,  to  consider 
this  fact. 

"  Of  this  money,  more  than  half  has  been  spent  in  the  purchase  of  such 
supplies  as  the  homes  of  the  land  do  not  and  cannot  furnish,  and  in  the  trans- 
portation of  them,  such  as : 

"  Condensed  milk  by  the  ton. 

"  Beef-stock  by  the  ton. 

"  Wines  and  spirits  by  the  barrel. 

"Crackers  and  farinaceous  food  by  the  ton. 

"  Tea,  coffee,  and  sugar,  by  the  chest  and  hogshead. 

"  Crutches,  bed-rests,  mattresses,  and  bedsteads,  by  the  hundred. 

"Cargoes  of  ice,  potatoes,  onions,  and  curried  cabbage,  lemons,  oranges, 
anti-scorbutics,  and  tonics.  At  times  we  have  supplied  not  only  the  sick, 
but  a  whole  army  threatened  with  scurvy,  with  the  means  of  averting  it ;  and 
we  have  averted  it  at  Yicksburg,  at  Murfreesboro',  before  Charleston.  Thou- 
sands of  barrels  of  onions,  thousands  of  barrels  of  potatoes,  hundreds  of  barrels 
of  curried  cabbage,  have  been  forwarded  to  various  corps,  even  as  far  as 
Texas,  to  appease  the  demon  of  scurvy  and  save  our  troops. 

"  The  other  half  million  has  been  used  in  supporting  two  hundred  experts, 
medical  inspectors,  relief  agents,  clerks,  wagoners,  and  accompanying  agents, 
in  the  field,  or  in  our  offices  and  depots,  through  whom  our  work  is  done. 
These  two  hundred  men  receive,  on  an  average,  two  dollars  per  day  for  labor, 
which  is,  say  half  of  it,  highly  skilled,  sometimes  of  professional  eminence,  and 
worth  from  five  to  ten  times  that  amount.  Few  of  these  men  could  be  had  for 
the  money ;  but  they  work  for  love  and  patriotism,  and  are  content  with  a  bare 
support.  This  costs  $12,000  a  month.  The  board  (all  included,  twenty-one 
in  number) — president,  treasurer,  medical  committee,  standing  committee — 


94  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

give  their  services  and  their  time  gratuitously.  They  receive  nothing.  Their 
travelling  expenses  alone  are  partly  refunded  them,  and  these  are  trifling,  ex- 
cepting the  case  of  one  or  two  who  go  frequently  on  tours  of  observation. 

"  II.  The  next  large  expense  is  the  support  of  twenty-five  soldiers'  homes, 
or  lodges,  scattered  over  the  whole  field  of  war,  from  New  Orleans  to  Wash- 
ington, including  Vicksburg,  Memphis,  Cairo,  Chattanooga,  Nashville,  Louis- 
ville, Washington,  &c.,  &c.  In  these  homes  and  lodges  twenty- three  hundred 
soldiers  (different  ones)  daily  receive  shelter,  food,  medical  aid,  protection  and 
care.  These  soldiers  are  such  as  are  crowded  by  the  rigidity  of  the  military 
system  out  of  the  regular  channels  ;  soldiers  left  behind,  astray,  who  have  lost 
their  military  status,  convalescents,  discharged  men,  not  able  to  get  their  pay. 
Of  these,  the  average  length  of  time  they  are  on  our  hands  is  about  three  days. 
The  priceless  value  of  this  supplementary  system  no  tongue  can  tell.  The 
abandonment  of  it  would  create  an  amount  of  suffering  whfch  a  multiplication 
of  two  thousand  three  hundred  by  three  hundred  and  sixty-five  days  in  the 
year  will -but  serve  to  hint  at. 

"In  connection  with  these  homes,  at  the  great  military  centres,  New 
Orleans,  Louisville,  Washington,  are  bureaus  in  aid  of  the  discharged  soldier's 
great  necessities,  growing  out  of  his  loss  of  papers  in  battle,  or  during  the 
bewilderment  of  sickness,  or  through  the  ignorance  of  his  superiors,  or  his 
own : 

"1.  A  Claim  Agency,  to  secure  his  bounty. 

"2.  A  Pension  Agency. 

"3.  A  Back-pay  Agency. 

"The  mercy  of  these  ministries,  by  which  soldiers  and  their  families,  help- 
less without  this  aid — the  prey  of  sharpers,  runners,  and  grog-shops — are  put 
in  speedy  possession  of  their  rights,  is  inexpressible.  We  have  often  $20,000 
a  day  of  back-pay  in  our  oifice  at  Washington  alone,  which  might  have  been 
lost  forever,  or  delayed  until  it  was  no  longer  needed  by  the  soldier's  own 
family,  without  this  system. 

"  Sometimes  a  dozen  letters  must  pass  back  and  forth  with  various  officials 
to  verify  a  single  claim.  By  these  agencies,  wronged  men,  stricken  in  dis- 
grace from  the  army  rolls,  are  restored ;  and  in  several  cases,  men  condemned 
to  be  shot  as  deserters,  have  been  saved  from  an  undeserved  death. 

"  To  these  are  to  be  added : 

"  1.  A  special  provision  for  wives,  mothers,  and  sisters,  who  have  expended 
all  the  little  means  of  home  in  getting  to  Washington  or  Louisville  to  see  and 
protect  their  sick  relatives. 


HOSPITAL  INSPECTION  AND  TRANSPORTATION.  95 

"  2.  A  home  for  faithful  nurses  broken  down  in  the  service. 

"  3.  Arrangements  for  sending  very  sick  soldiers  home  under  escort. 

"III.  A  hospital  directory,  by  which  the  whereabouts  of  all  sick  men 
is  determined.  There  are  six  hundred  thousand  names  in  its  books.  It  is 
corrected  daily.  It  saves  endless  confusion,  suspense,  and  misery;  prevents 
needless  journeys ;  answers  the  most  urgent  questions ;  relieves  the  home- 
feeling  that  their  boys  are  lost  in  the  crowded  hospitals ;  blesses  and  keeps 
heart-whole  hundreds  of  wives,  brothers,  and  sisters,  every  day.  It  costs 
$20,000  a  year  to  maintain  it,  and  it  is  worth  a  million,  if  human  anxiety  can 
be  estimated  in  money. 

"  IY.  Hospital  Inspection.  Sixty  of  the  most  skilful  surgeons  and  physi- 
cians in  the  nation  were — eight  or  ten  at  a  time — six  months  engaged,  under 
the  direction  of  the  commission,  in  a  systematic  and  scientific  survey  of  all 
the  general  hospitals.  They  inspected  seventy  thousand  beds,  saw  two  hun- 
dred thousand  patients,  and  reported  in  four  thousand  written  pages  the 
critical  results  of  these  inquiries.  Can  any  body  estimate  the  scientific  and 
human  value  of  such  a  survey,  brought  home  to  the  surgeon,  the  medical 
authorities,  and  the  government  ? 

"  V.  The  transportation  of  the  sick,  carried  on  by  us  for  the  government 
in  vessels  from  the  Peninsula — from  which  we  brought  eight  thousand  men 
in  a  comfort  wholly  unattainable  by  government  transportation,  aided  by  our 
generous  medical  students  and  our  heroic  though  delicate  women — we  have 
since  largely  carried  on  in  our  patent  hospital  cars,  in  which  the  sick,  without 
jar,  can  be  conveyed  hundreds  of  miles  with  little  suffering  or  injury.  We 
have  these  cars  on  the  main  lines,  east  and  west,  along  which  sick  soldiers  are 
carried. 

"  YL  We  supply  the  barren  market  of  Washington  with  car-loads  of  fresh 
hospital  supplies  from  Philadelphia.  All  the  beef,  mutton,  poultry,  butter, 
eggs,  vegetables,  used  in  all  the  hospitals  at  Washington,  are  selected,  for- 
warded, distributed  by  the  Sanitary  Commission — the  Medical  Department 
refunding  our  outlay  at  the  end  of  each  month,  saving  the  profit  made  by 
ordinary  dealers,  and  securing  wholesome  food  to  the  sick. 

"YIL  The  battle-field  service  of  the  commission  is  perhaps  too  well 
known  to  require  any  elucidation.  But  let  us  take  the  case  of  Gettysburg. 
We  had  accumulated  stores,  and  placed  agents  at  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  Frederick, 
Md.,  and  Chambersburg,  and  at  Baltimore,  to  watch  the  probable  necessities 
of  Meade's  army.  We  had  inspectors  and  wagon-trains  marching  with  it; 
one  with  each  column.  The  dreadful  battle  came  off.  The  best  calculations 


96  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

of  the  government  had  anticipated  the  wants  of  ten  thousand  wounded  men. 
The  result  of  that  glorious  yet  horrible  contest  left  about  twenty-five  thou- 
sand wounded  men  (our  own  and  the  enemy's)  on  an  area  of  four  miles  square. 
Every  church,  private  house,  barn,  shed,  was  crammed  with  wounded  men — 
additional  to  field  hospitals  (in  tents)  whitening  the  hill-sides,  and  drenching 
the  soil  in  the  blood  of  amputated  limbs.  The  railroads  clogged  with  trains 
forwarding  troops  to  re-enforce  Meade  in  his  pursuit  of  Lee ;  the  bridges 
burnt  by  the  enemy ;  neither  cars  nor  locomotives  enough  to  do  half  the 
required  business ;  the  surgeons  and  stewards  compelled  largely  to  accompany 
the  troops,  who  expected  another  battle  within  a  week — what  would  have 
become  of  these  noble  sufferers,  if  the  half-preparation  (not  half)  which  the 
providence  of  the  government  had  made  had  not  been  supplemented,  for  the 
first  week  or  two,  full  one-half  by  the  Sanitary  Commission,  aided  by  the 
Christian  Commission  and  other  relief  agencies?  Look  at  the  list  of  things 

*— '  o 

furnished  them  alone,  and  remember  that  this  was  one  single  battle-field,  and 
cost  the  Sanitary  Commission  in  stores,  clothing,  food,  and  transportation, 
$75,000.  Was  there  one  dollar  more  spent  than  was  called  for?  Was  one 
dollar  mis-spent  ?  Was  not  the  moral  and  material  economy  in  the  saving  of 
life  (I  believe  thousands  of  lives  were  literally  saved  by  our  succor  on  that 
occasion  alone),  and  in  the  saving  of  pain  and  needless  misery,  such  as  eveiy 
benefactor  of  the  commission  must  forever  rejoice  in  ?" 

Dr.  Bellows  concluded  his  communication  with  some  estimates  for  the 
future,  closing  thus :  "  The  only  uncertain  element  in  these  calculations 
is  the  estimated  value  of  our  supplies.  The  uncertainty  here  is  not  due 
to  want  of  great  pains  to  ascertain  the  facts.  We  shall  very  soon  be  able 
to  lay  before  the  public  the  exact  estimates,  how  many  shirts  and  their 
estimated  value,  how  many  drawers,  stockings,  sheets,  comforters,  &c.,  and 
the  estimated  value  of  each ;  and  they  can  then  judge  for  themselves. 
Meanwhile  they  must  give  our  statement  only  such  credit  as  they  may 
think  our  opportunity  to  know,  and  our  desire  to  state  frankly  the  exact 
truth,  entitle  it  to." 

Up  to  the  period  when  the  first  large  fair  was  held,  that  is,  from  June, 
1861,  to  December  1st,  1863,  the  treasurer  of  the  commission  had  received  the 
following  sums,  in  cash,  from  the  several  states : 

From  Maine $17,720  33  From  Connecticut $5,181  35 

"      New  Hampshire 1,70144             "      Rhode  Island 8,06830 

"      Vermont 2,03515             "  New  England  (states  not 

"      Massachusetts 48,548  86                        discriminated) 6,683  75 


A  RESULT  OF  THE   FAIRS. 


97 


From  New  York $160,042  58 

New  Jersey 3,170  88 

Pennsylvania 11,699  18 

Delaware 765  00 

Maryland 1,733  00 

Washington,  D.  C 2,333  08 

Ohio 2,700  00 

Michigan 578  00 

Illinois 546  25 

Kentucky 6,166  45 

Indiana 500  00 

Minnesota 45  00 

Nevada  Territory 54,144  75 

California 526,909  61 

Oregon 26,450  78 


From  Washington  Territory  . .  $7,258  97 

"      Idaho 2,110  46 

"  Vancouver's  and  San  Ju- 
an Islands 2,552  68 

"      Honolulu 4,085  00 

"      Santiago  de  Chili 3,68884 

"      Peru 2,002  00 

"      Newfoundland 150  00 

"      Canada 439  48 

"  England  and  Scotland  . .  1,150  00 

"     France 2,750  00 

"     Turkey 50  00 

"      China 2,300  00 

"      Cuba 23  00 

"      Unknown  sources 3,19288 


Total $919,477  05 

These  sums  were  received  by  the  Central  New  York  Treasury ;  the  branch 
treasuries  received  other  sums,  as,  for  instance,  that  of  Philadelphia  $117,000, 
in  the  same  time.  But  it  may  be  generally  said  that  the  cash  receipts  of  the 
branches  were  expended  in  the  purchase  of  supplies,  while  those  of  the  central 
treasury  were  used  not  only  to  purchase,  but  to  transport,  apply,  and  adminis- 
ter the  supplies  thus  procured. 

Some  four  or  five  fairs,  producing  large  sums  of  money,  had  now  been  held, 
and  an  unexpected  but  not  unnatural  result  was  discovered  to  have  been  pro- 
duced by  them.  The  people  throughout  the  country  had  been  toiling  for  the 
commission,  and  yet  really  had  not  benefited  it ;  that  is,  the  commission  was 
no  better  off  this  year  with  the  fairs  than  it  had  been  the  previous  year  with- 
out them.  The  sewing  societies,  which  had  previously  made  shirts,  now  made 
dolls ;  the  needle  pickets,  the  busy  fingers,  which  had  supplied  the  storehouses 
with  hospital  clothing,  with  flannels,  with  socks,  with  food  for  the  sick,  were 
now  engaged  upon  work  which,  though  capable  of  being  converted  into  money, 
would  even  then  only  purchase  the  clothing,  flannels,  and  food  no  longer 
furnished  by  them ;  and  goods  thus  purchased,  with  two  or  three  profits  upon 
them,  and  with  a  depreciated  currency,  were  vastly  dearer  than  when  furnished 
as  they  previously  had  been.  The  people  at  large,  seeing  such  vast  money 
receipts  in  the  hands  of  the  commission,  and  not  reflecting  that  they  were 
merely  in  place  of  supplies  in  kind,  the  flow  of  which  was  now  arrested,  were 
already  building  national  asylums  with  the  imaginary  runnings-over  from  the 
full  font  of  the  treasury.  The  fairs  had  thus,  so  far  from  assuring  the  future 
of  the  great  charity,  placed  it  in  some  peril;  for  the  people  were  at  any 
moment  likely  to  abandon  all  effort  in  its  behalf. 


98 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


There  was  another  point  in  this  connection  not  well  understood.  In  spite 
of  the  fairs,  which  produced  millions  in  cash,  the  commission  was  actually  in 
want  of  ready  money  to  keep  its  machinery  in  motion.  The  fairs,  which  had 
been  held  under  the  auspices  of  branches  of  the  commission,  sent  the  proceeds 


H ON  0  R  T  H  E "B  R  AV  E  5 0 


CHILDREN'S  SOLDIF.US'  FAI.I. 


to  the  branch  treasuries ;  the  money  was  expended  in  supplies ;  the  supplies 
were  forwarded  to  the  central  depots  ;  and  just  at  this  point  the  work  of  dis- 
tribution was  threatened  with  stoppage,  for  want  of  money  in  the  central 
treasury.  This  difficulty  was  fully  set  forth  by  Dr.  Bellows  in  a  letter,  dated 
January,  1864,  to  Mr.  Otis,  in  San  Francisco.  After  acknowledging  the 
receipt  of  $50,000,  California's  January  and  February  instalment,  the  doctor 
thus  continued:  "You  will  hear  a  great  deal  of  the  vast  sanitary  fairs  at 
Chicago,  Cincinnati,  Boston,  Buffalo,  Albany,  Washington,  at  which  very 
large  sums  of  money  are  raised,  and  you  may  very  naturally  think  that  it 
must  be  high- water  in  our  central  treasury  !  It  is  important  that  the  people 
of  California  should  understand  that  all  this  money  is  fitly  expended  by  the 
branches  themselves  in  the  purchase  of  supplies,  which  supplies  are  forwarded 
to  our  receiving  depot  for  distribution.  But  the  whole  cost  of  distribution, 


INJURIOUS   RUMORS.  99 

with  the  men,  wagons,  horses,  and  machinery  of  every  kind  which  transports 
supplies  and  makes  them  useful  and  saving  to  the  army — all  these  accumu- 
lated comforts  and  necessaries  fall  upon  our  central  treasury,  which  has  more 
io  do,  and  is  more  indispensable,  precisely  according  to  the  amount  of  supplies 
that  are  furnished  to  it.  The  more  money  the  branches  have,  the  more  sup- 
plies we  have ;  and  the  more  supplies  we  have,  the  more  it  costs  to  forward 
them,  distribute  and  supply  them  to  our  vast  army,  scattered  over  our  wide 
country. 

"  All  the  money  and  all  the  supplies  that  could  be  raised  and  furnished 
would  be  as  useless  to  the  army  without  us  as  the  rains  on  the  hill-sides  of 
the  Croton  River  would  be  to  the  city  of  New  York,  if  the  city  had  not  built 
an  expensive  aqueduct;  which  accumulates,  economizes,  and  distributes,  by 
an  intricate  and  costly  system  of  mains,  and  gates,  and  trainers,  and  pipes,  and 
stop-cocks,  this  water  to  every  house,  every  kitchen  and  chamber,  every  wash- 
bowl and  pitcher  and  mouth  in  New  York ! 

##  •*#### 

"  Understand,  then,  that  the  wealth  of  the  branches  is  indispensable  to  the 
soldier's  relief,  but  that  their  wealth  only  makes  us  poor — by  giving  us  more 
to  do  and  nothing  to  do  it  with!  We  are  like  a  stage  company,  with  an 
immense  number  of  passengers,  but  left  without  forage  for  our  horses,  or 
horses  for  our  coaches :  or,  rather,  we  should  be  so  if  California  did  not  make 
herself  the  great  motive-power  for  the  central  machinery  of  the  Sanitary  Com- 
mission, and  thus  furnish  horses  and  forage,  by  which  our  overflow  of  passen- 
gers (the  supplies)  are  all  expeditiously  transported  to  their  destination — the 
sick  and  wounded,  the  naked  and  hungry." 

Somewhat  later,  the  idea  having  got  abroad,  and  being  in  some  quarters 
persistently  fostered,  that  the  Sanitary  Commission  was  rich,  having  more 
funds  than  it  could  judiciously  spend,  that  its  storehouses  were  filled  to  over- 
flowing, Mr.  J.  Foster  Jenkins,  the  worthy  successor  of  Mr.  Olmsted  as  general 
secretary  of  the  commission,  made  and  published  a  statement  in  the  Boston 
Journal  which  did  much  to  set  these  dangerous  rumors  at  rest.  The  assertions 
alluded  to,  he  said,  were  incorrect,  and  of  a  character  to  injure  the  cause  of  the 
commission.  Its  storehouses  were  not  filled  with  goods ;  its  treasury  did  not 
run  over.  The  fairs  had  arrested  the  flow  of  sanitary  stores  to  such  an  extent 
that  the  receipts  in  kind  had  for  some  months  been  fifty  per  cent,  less  than  in 
the  corresponding  period  of  1863.  Even  if  the  commission  had  received  all 
the  money  raised  by  the  various  fairs,  it  would  still  be  straitened  by  the  falling 
off"  in  the  supply  of  supplementary  stores.  "If,"  Mr.  Jenkins  added,  "the 


100  THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 

people  are  persuaded  that  the  Sanitary  Commission  has  grown  rich,  and 
therefore  is  in  need  of  nothing,  in  less  than  two  months  its  storehouses  will  be 
empty  and  its  treasury  exhausted,  in  the  vain  attempt  to  eke  out  the  funds 
raised  by  the  fairs  in  the  purchase  of  underclothing,  dried  fruits,  blankets, 
and  stimulants." 

Up  to  this  period,  the  Sanitary  Commission  had  received  about  a  million  of 
dollars  in  money,  $700,000  of  which  was  the  gift  of  the  Pacific  Coast  alone. 
The  Atlantic  States  were  waking  up  to  this  disproportion.  It  was  decided  that 
a  fair  should  be  held  in  New  York,  for  the  benefit  of  the  central  treasury  ;  that, 
inasmuch  as  the  proceeds  of  the  Chicago  fair  had  been  paid  into  the  treasury 
of  the  northwestern  branch,  and  expended  in  supplies,  as  those  of  the  Boston 
fair  had  been  paid  into  the  treasury  of  the  New  England  branch,  and  also 
expended  in  supplies,  those  of  the  great  metropolitan  fair  should  be  used,  as 
far  as  might  be  necessary,  in  the  work  of  moving  and  distribution.  "  Our 
fair,"  wrote  Dr.  Bellows  to  Mr.  Otis,  "will  come  off  late  in  March ;  at  which 
we  hope,  at  one  blow,  to  raise  perhaps  half  a  million  of  dollars,  and  so  equal- 
ize the  contributions  of  the  Atlantic  and  the  Pacific.  I  rejoice  at  this  holy 
jealousy." 

It  was  just  before  the  Fourth  of  July,  1864,  that  the  desire,  indeed  the 
necessity,  for  onions  in  the  several  armies  of  the  country  became  known  to 
the  people.  Scurvy  had  appeared  in  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  and  it 
threatened  the  armies  of  the  Potomac  and  the  James.  Where  actual  disease 
had  not  broken  out,  and  even  where  there  were  no  symptoms  of  its  coming, 
the  soldiers  yearned  for  fresh  vegetables  with  an  intensity  that  impaired 
their  efficiency  by  turning  their  thoughts  homewards,  to  the  savory  onion- 
patches  and  cucumber-beds  they  had  left  behind  them.  The  regular  com- 
missions did  much  to  supply  this  sudden  demand ;  it  will  be  stated,  in  the 
proper  place,  that  the  State  of  Wisconsin,  while  the  necessity  lasted,  sent 
anti-scorbutics  by  the  hundred  barrels  to  the  hospitals  and  armies  within  its 
circuit.  Still,  it  was  thought  that  much  could  be  done  by  special  outside 
work  in  behalf  of  this  mid-summer  want.  An  effort  was  made  in  New  York 
to  induce  the  Common  Council  to  expend  the  usual  appropriation  for  fire- 
works at  Fulton  Market  instead  of  at  the  Powder  Works,  but  it  was  unsuccess- 
ful. The  children  of  the  country,  however,  did  what  the  City  Fathers  refused 
to  do :  they  spent  their  Fourth  of  July  money  in  onions.  The  New  York  Onion 
Fund  was  built  upon  a  boy's  dollar,  given  for  crackers,  spent  in  onions.  The 
movement,  thus  begun,  spread  from  state  to  state,  and  there  is  hardly  an  aid 
society's  report  which  does  not  mention,  among  its  irregular  and  incidental 


THE   ONION   FUND. 


101 


work,  the  collection  of  onion  money  or  the  sending  of  some  barrel  of  pickles. 
The  relief  given  was  immense,  and  may  be  counted  in  lives  saved  and  in  the 
sustained  efficiency  of  the  armies.  The  sum  thus  expended,  outside  of  the 
Sanitary  Commission,  cannot  have  been  less  than  $50,000. 


FAIK    UPON    A    DOOR -STEP. 


Without  underrating  the  value  of  the  publicity  attained  through  the  press 
in  all  affairs  of  public  concern,  we  may  say  that  the  newspapers  rendered  pe- 
culiarly effective  service  in  this  matter  of  anti-scorbutics.  One  article,  copied 
far  and  wide  from  a  New  York  weekly  sheet,  exerted  so  great  an  influence 
that  we  transfer  a  portion  of  it  to  our  pages.  It  purported  to  be  a  letter  from 
a  country  girl  to  country  girls  and  boys  : 

"  Not  long  ago,"  said  this  country  girl,  "I  heard  a  soldier  say  that  soldiers 
like  onions ;  that  he  had,  at  one  time,  paid  twenty-five  cents  for  an  onion. 
Onions  are  good  for  soldiers,  and  many  of  them  crave  them.  You  and  I  don't, 
maybe — we  like  them  only  a  long  way  off;  but  the  soldiers  do.  Down  in  the 
corner  of  our  garden,  behind  the  currant-bushes,  in  what  I  recognize  from  sur- 
roundings as  a  long  neglected  corner — a  spot  unoccupied  save  by  our  dogs, 
who  have  considered  it  their  own  peculiar  play-ground,  and  from  which  our 
boy  has  taken  many  a  load  of  bones  of  their  strewing — I  see,  in  vision,  the 
morning  sun  gleam  brightly  on  rows  of  tiny  green  blades ;  and,  as  I  look,  the 
rows  seem  to  form  themselves  into  great  characters,  which  presently  I  see 
are,  FOR  THE  SOLDIERS.  Henceforth,  for  this  season  at  least,  that  bone- 
strewed  plot  has  a  nobler  destiny.  The  vision  shall  be  realized.  The  dogs 


102  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

must  seek  another  play-ground ;  this  plot  is  to  bear  onions  for  the  soldiers. 
Where  now  is  stiff  sod  shall  indeed  be  mellow  soil,  where  onions  may  take  to 
themselves  size  and  sap  and  odor.  In  due  time,  the  green  tops  may  flavor 
soup  for  the  Home  Guard ;  but  every  bulb  lying  concealed  in  the  dark  mold 
shall  be  sacred  to  such  as  have  seen  actual  service.  Never,  since  exiled 
Israelites  landed  and  sighed  for  the  leeks  and  onions  of  Egypt,  has  there  been 
so  great  a  glorification  of  the  odorous,  tear-provoking  bulb  as  there  shall  be 
in  this  garden-corner. 

"  This  sounds  well,  say  you  ;  but  talking  breaks  no  bones,  and  that  frozen 
sod  is  not  broken  yet  for  those  onion-beds.  You  are  right.  When  the  bar- 
rels (or  shall  it  only  be  barrel?)  containing  them  shall  have  been  directed  to 
the  Sanitary  Commission,  that  will  be  a  better  time  for  talking  of  these 
onions  of  mine.  But  just  one  word  to  you,  girls  and  boys.  Have  you  a 
neglected  corner  in  your  garden,  in  your  yard,  or  a  place  hitherto  given  to  the 
cultivation  of  flowers  only  ?  That  patch  is  not  yours,  I  beg  leave  to  inform 
you.  The  soldier  has  a  mortgage  on  it.  Waste  soil  is  not  to  be  tolerated 
about  our  homes  in  these  times,  and  the  tulip,  though  a  lovely  ministrant, 
must  give  place  to  a  root  which  may  be  put  to  nobler  uses." 

In  August,  1864,  the  Sanitary  Commission  set  all  the  children  in  the 
country  to  picking  blackberries  for  the  soldiers,  their  mothers  and  sisters  to 
distil  from  them  a  refreshing  cordial  and  tonic.  In  September,  acknowledg- 
ing that  "rivers  of  blackberry  juice  had  flowed  in  upon  them  from  all  parts 
of  the  country,  and  that  it  would  be  impossible  to  think  of  a  more  grateful 
flood,"  it  made  another  call  upon  the  boys  and  girls,  asking  for  peaches,  not 
canned,  nor  preserved,  but  simply  dried.  Peaches  were  never  so  plentiful, 
and  could  never  be  turned  to  better  account.  The  peach  had  never  borne  a 
large  part  in  the  charities  of  mankind,  and  its  history  had  had  but  slight  con- 
nection with  the  practice  of  the  healing  art,  but  its  opportunity  had  now 
come.  Do  not  can  the  peaches,  said  the  commission  to  the  children,  and 
waste  no  sugar  upon  them.  Cut  them  carefully  in  halves,  and  take  out  the 
stones.  Lay  the  halves  upon  clean  boards  or  upon  sheds  and  roofs  sloping 
to  the  south.  Dry  them  thoroughly  in  the  sun,  if  possible ;  if  not,  put  them 
in  slightly  heated  ovens,  or  toast  them  gently  upon  the  hearth,  or  before  the 
stove.  You  cannot  dry  them  too  thoroughly,  boys  ;  and  you  cannot  send  too 
many,  girls.  If  there  are  any  left  when  the  sick  and  the  convalescent  have 
had  their  fill,  they  will  do  no  harm  to  the  well  men  in  the  trenches  and  the 
field. 

An  excellent  result  having  been  attained  in  many  parts  of  the  country 


ONE  DAY'S  INCOME,  ONE  DAY'S  REVENUE. 


103 


PICKING    BLACKBERRIES   FOB  TI1E  6OLDIEE8. 


by  a  systematic  canvassing  of  counties,  towns,  wards,  and  streets,  and  the 
Philadelphia  Committee  on  Labor,  Income  and  Eevenue  having  furnished  an 
admirable  basis  for  the  conduct  of  such  a  canvass,  the  commission  issued  an 
appeal,  late  in  the  year,  suggesting  a  similar  organized  effort  in  the  North- 
western States.  It  was  proposed,  in  this  paper,  that  an  attempt  be  made  to 
obtain  from  every  person  in  the  Northwest  the  proceeds  of  one  day's  labor, 
one  day's  profits,  or  one  day's  income,  for  the  benefit  of  the  sick  and  wounded 
of  the  army.  The  commission  asked  for  the  365th  part  of  the  gifts  of  Prov- 
idence, for  the  benefit  of  the  gallant  men  now  preserving  them  for  those  at 
home.  It  hoped  that  the  appeal  would  be  answered  by  the  toiling  seamstress 
and  daughter  of  luxury,  the  hardy  day -laborer  and  skilful  mechanic,  by  the 
millionaire,  banker  and  lawyer,  by  the  successful  merchant  and  his  clerks, 
by  the  hardy  mariner  and  stalwart  yeoman,  by  the  government  employee — 
even  by  corporate  bodies,  heretofore  said  to  be  destitute  of  souls.  No  class 
would  be  denied  the  privilege  of  uniting  with,  and  none  would  be  oppressed 
by,  this  thorough  and  systematic  plan. 

The  various  trades,  professions,  and  businesses  of  Chicago  were  already 


104  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

organizing,  with,  a  view  to  obtain  from  all  this  voluntary  assessment.  In 
many  of  the  country  towns  an  efficient  organization  had  been  effected.  It 
was  recommended  that  committees  of  two  or  three  persons  should  be  appointed 
for  every  department  of  business  and  labor,  mercantile,  mechanical,  agricultu- 
ral, operative ;  male  and  female,  old  and  young.  It  was  hoped  that  clergy- 
men and  Sabbath- schools,  as  well  as  business  men  and  associations,  would 
become  interested  in  this  plan,  that  the  press  might  be^  subsidized  in  its  be- 
half, that  Aid  Societies,  Loyal  Leagues,  and  Good  Templars  would  take  it 
in  hand  promptly  and  energetically.  The  way  to  do  it  was  to  ORGANIZE  ! 

It  was  easily  done.  If  the  workmen  would  authorize  their  employers  to 
deduct  one  day  from  their  week's  or  month's  earnings,  and  the  employers 
would  add  to  it  a  day  of  their  profits,  the  whole  would  be  acknowledged 
together  to  the  credit  of  the  establishment.  Every  acknowledgment  would 
stimulate  others  to  follow  the  example. 

Two  of  the  churches  of  Chicago  had  already  taken  the  initiative  in 
carrying  out  this  programme:  St.  James'  Church,  Rev.  Dr.  Clarkson,  rec- 
tor, and  the  first  Congregational  Church,  Rev.  Dr.  Patton,  pastor.  Each 
had  paid  into  the  treasury  the  fifty-second  part  of  its  church  revenue  for 
a  year,  on  the  ground  that  a  church  organization  has  but  fifty-two  days  in 
its  year. 

In  Palatine,  a  small  town  in  Cook  County,  a  few  miles  from  Chicago,  the 
Aid  Society  had  assessed  a  monthly  tax  on  every  person  in  the  town,  varying 
from  one  dollar  to  five  cents.  Collectors  had  been  appointed  for  the  nine 
school  districts  of  the  town,  whose  business  it  was  to  collect  the  sums  pledged 
monthly,  and  pay  them  to  the  Aid  Society,  and  the  aggregate  would  be  an 
amount  of  between  one  and  two  thousand  dollars  yearly.  If  every  town  in 
the  Northwest  would  follow  this  example,  the  Sanitary  Commission  would 
have  a  revenue  sufficiently  ample  for  its  needs,  and  every  Aid  Society  would 
be  able  to  supply  itself  with  all  the  fabrics  it  needed  for  the  manufacture  of 
hospital  clothing.  It  was  under  a  system  thus  set  on  foot  that  a  considerable 
portion  of  the  contributions  in  money  to  the  Chicago  Fair  of  1865  were  col- 
lected. 

"We  have  thus  rapidly  passed  in  review  the  various  methods  by  which  the 
treasury  and  storehouses  of  the  commission  were  filled  and  from  time  to  time 
replenished.  For  the  purpose  of  going  more  into  detail,  as  has  been  already 
said,  and  in  order  to  describe  more  fully  the  little  devices  and  ingenious  shifts 
resorted  to,  in  the  same  object,  we  give,  in  a  succeeding  chapter,  an  account 
of  the  various  fairs,  which,  by  the  way,  need  not  be  considered  as  artificial 


IS   RAFFLING   PROPER?  105 

stimulants,  but  may  be  better  characterized  as  furnishing  an  opportunity  for 
simultaneous  giving  and  concerted  action.  The  commission  needs,  let  us 
suppose,  a  million  dollars,  and  thinks  that  New  York  ought  to  furnish  it. 
Mr.  A.  is  applied  to,  and  says  that  he  would  willingly  give  a  hundred  or  a 
thousand  dollars,  if  he  were  sure  that  Mr.  B.  and  Mr.  C.  would  do  the  same. 
The  cabinetmaker  says  that  he  would  gladly  contribute  a  specimen  of  his 
handicraft,  if  he  knew  that  others  would  do  as  much ;  that,  the  milliner  would 
furnish  a  bonnet  and  the  machinist  an  engine.  Now,  the  holding  of  a  fair 
assures  A.  that  B.  and  C.,  to  say  nothing  of  D.,  E.,  and  F.,  will  be  called  upon 
to  contribute  as  well  as  himself;  and  the  cabinetmaker,  the  machinist,  and  the 
milliner  are  severally  convinced  that  their  neighbors  are  to  co-operate  with 
them.  A  fair  is  simply  a  lever  by  which  a  good  purchase  is  obtained  upon 
the  purses  and  pockets  of  the  community.  It  brings  about  a  long  pull  and  a 
strong  pull,  but,  better  yet,  a  pull  altogether..  There  need  be  nothing  arti- 
ficial, factitious,  or  unhealthy  in  a  fair ;  it  is  simply  a  form  of  organization. 
A  composer,  having  his  choice  of  means,  and  desiring  to  produce  a  massive 
effect,  would  dismiss  the  tenor  and  soprano  and  call  upon  the  chorus.  And 
as  a  choir  is  to  a  solo,  so  is  a  fair  to  all  chance  contributions. 

Of  one  device  resorted  to  in  some  cities,  objected  to  and  forbidden  in 
others,  it  may  be  proper  to  say  a  word  or  two  here.  The  subject  of  raffling 
excited  great  interest  throughout  the  country,  and  the  minds  of  thoughtful 
people  seemed  to  be  pretty  nearly  divided  upon  its  propriety.  We  give  the 
two  sides  of  the  question  as  presented,  the  one  by  the  officers  of  the  Sanitary 
Commission  themselves,,  and.  the  other  by  a  clergyman  of  Cincinnati.  The 
commission  deprecated  raffles,  the  clergyman  defended  them — that  is,  under 
the  circumstances.  The  commission,  according  to  The  Bulletin,  its  organ, 
had  felt  it  necessary  to  establish  one  rule  in  regard  to  the  source  of  its  sup- 
port— to  accept,  without  question  and  from  all  quarters,  such  gifts  as  were 
brought  to  its  treasury.  Accordingly,  neither  political,  theological,  nor  moral 
questions  had  come  before  it.  It  had  studiously  avoided  complication  with 
the  methods  employed  by  those  who  had  supplied  its  pecuniary  necessities, 
declining  to  patronize  or  make  itself  responsible  for  either  good  or  bad  plans 
for  raising  money,  and  simply  engaging,  as  trustees  of  the  people's  bounty,  to 
spend  the  means  placed  in  its  hands  in  the  most  moral,  most  patriotic,  and 
most  faithful  manner.  It  held  itself  strictly  responsible  for  the  safe  custody, 
the  wise  and  economical  disbursement,  and  the  most  humane  application  of 
the  funds  committed  to  it ;  but  not  for  the  methods  by  which  they  were  raised. 
Any  other  course  would  make  the  Sanitary  Commission  the  moral  censor  of 


106  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

the  public,  and  cut  off  the  sympathies  of  large  bodies  of  people — a  loss  even 
less  important  in  a  pecuniary  than  in  a  patriotic  light. 

It  should  not  be  supposed,  however,  that  the  Sanitary  Commission  was 
indifferent  to  the  morals  of  the  community,  or  to  the  ways  employed  to  aid 
and  assist  its  own  work.  While  it  could  not  prescribe  those  ways,  or  go 
behind  the  gifts  it  received  to  catechize  the  motives  or  the  methods  of  its  ben- 
efactors, it  earnestly  desired,  as  a  body  of  thoughtful  citizens  engaged  in  so 
serious  a  business,  to  see  a  careful  respect  for  the  laws,  a  tender  regard  for  the 
moral  interests  of  society,  a  profound  reverence  for  God  and  duty,  animating 
all  its  supporters.  Confessing  that  the  moral  interests  of  the  community  are 
far  more  important  than  the  success  of  its  own  work,  it  could  not  desire  to 
flourish  at  the  expense  of  any  permanent  principle  of  truth,  justice,  and 
religion. 

In  regard  to  raffling,  if  the  question  were  one  the  Sanitary  Commission 
had  the  right  to  settle,  the  board  could  not  hesitate  to  decide  against  it,  as  not 
being  strictly  legal ;  as  being,  at  the  best,  of  disputed  moral  complexion,  and, 
at  ,the  worst,  decidedly  evil  in  its  tendencies,  if  not  wrong  in  its  principle. 
The  practical  settlement  of  the  question  lay  with  the  gentlemen  and  lady 
.managers  of  the  fair.  They  had  thus  far  endeavored  in  their  plan  to  free 
raffling  from  its  universally  recognized  evils,  judging  it  to  be  essential  in 
some  form  to  the  success  of  the  fair.  That  they  might,  under  the  discussion 
now  going  on,  see  it  to  be  as  immediately  expedient  as  it  is  desirable  on  sev- 
eral grounds  to  abandon  it  wholly,  was  the  wish  and  hope  of  the  board.  The 
Sanitary  Commission  was  ^perfectly  willing  to  sacrifice  any  pecuniary  interest 
in  the  returns  of  the  fair,  to  the  practical  testing  of  the  question  :  "  Are  raffles 
necessary  evils?"  They  thought  not. 

The  Cincinnati  clergyman,  in  his  sermon  defending  such  appeals  to  the  lot 
as  those  under  discussion,  took  his  text  from  Proverbs,  xviii.  18:  "The  lot 
causeth  contentions  to  cease,  and  parteth  the  mighty."  He  maintained,  gen- 
erally, that  where  a  ticket,  or  chance,  is  bought  in  a  raffle  with  the  simple 
desire  of  contributing  to  some  worthy  cause,  and  with  indifference  as  to  who 
wins,  there  is  no  gambling  and  no  offence.  After  making  the  statement  that 
goods  of  great  value  must  have  been  sacrificed  without  this  recourse  to  the 
lot,  he  said : 

"  Let  us  now  consider  what  was  done  to  save  these  goods,  amounting  to 
many  thousands  of  dollars,  from  this  sacrifice,  and  to  secure  the  full  value  for 
the  benefit  of  the  soldiers. 

"  A  single  case  will  illustrate  correctly  the  principle  of  the  whole.     There 


RAFFLES   DEFENDED.  107 

was  an  article  worth,  say,  thirty  dollars.  But  few  or  none  were  willing  to 
invest  so  much  in  a  single  article.  The  result  was,  it  was  unsold.  Then  one 
said  to  another,  '  Let  us,  thirty  of  us,  unite,  pay  one  dollar  each,  and  purchase 
this.  If  sold  at  auction,  it  will  go  for,  perhaps,  ten  or  even  five  dollars.  If 
we  buy  it,  its  whole  value  will  be  secured  for  the  soldiers'  fund.'  Thus  far, 
certainly,  all  is  well.  No  one  has  been  injured,  the  treasury  of  the  fair  re- 
ceives money  which  it  would  not  otherwise  have  obtained,  and  the  thirty  have 
what  they  willingly  accept  as  the  equivalent  of  their  money.  Now  what  shall 
be  done  with  the  article  obtained  ?  It  might  have  been  sold  and  the  proceeds 
divided.  Had  money  been  the  object  of  the  purchasers,  this  would  have  been 
done.  Instead  of  this,  they  say  to  each  other,  '  We  cannot  all  have  it ;  and 
the  money  which  each  put  in  is  of  no  consequence ;  let  us  cast  lots  for  it. 
One  will  obtain  it,  and  the  other  twenty-nine  will  have  made  a  donation  of 
one  dollar  each  to  the  funds  of  the  fair.'  This,  as  I  understand  it,  was  the 
operation  in  which  Christians  and  other  conscientious  persons  engaged,  and 
these  were  their  motives.  I  know  that  these  were  the  views  and  the  motives 
of  those  of  my  own  church  who  consulted  me,  and  we  are  bound  to  believe, 
until  the  contrary  is  shown,  that  others  are  and  were  as  conscientious  as  we. 

"  Now,  it  is  quite  clear  that  it  is  in  the  last  step  in  the  agreement  of  the 
thirty,  that  they  would  decide  by  lot  which  should  have  the  purchased  article, 
that  the  gambling,  if  anywhere,  lies;  and  I  declare,  without  the  slightest 
hesitation,  and  with  no  fear  that  it  can  be  successfully  denied,  that,  in  the 
transaction  as  set  forth,  there  is  not  one  feature  or  element  of  gambling.  The 
only  question  possible,  in  regard  to  such  an  operation,  is,  Is  it  right  on  such 
an  occasion  to  make  an  appeal  to  the  lot,  which  is  really  an  appeal  to  God,  to 
decide  the  question  at  issue  ? 

"  Those  who  condemn  this  must  do  so  upon  one  of  two  grounds :  either 
that  an  appeal  to  the  lot  is  wrong  in  all  cases,  or  wrong  in  this  particular  case. 
But  it  is  not  wrong  in  all  cases,  as  will  appear  from  the  following  considera- 
tions :  First,  from  the  statement  of  our  text,  which  shows,  beyond  dispute, 
that  in  the  Jewish  Commonwealth,  in  the  time  of  Solomon,  the  appeal  to  the 
lot  was  a  common  practice,  and  its  usefulness  is  acknowledged  in  deciding 
questions  and  ending  controversies  between  men.  It  placed  the  decision  with 
God  himself,  from  whom  there  was  no  appeal. 

"  The  land  was  divided  among  the  tribes  by  lot.  The  order  of  service  for 
the  priests  in  the  temple  was  decided  by  lot ;  so  was  that  of  the  musicians ; 
and  in  the  same  manner  the  gates  were  assigned  to  the  porters. 

"This  practice  was  continued  in  the  time  of  the  Saviour;  for,  at  the  time 


108  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

of  the  vision  of  Zacharias,  it  is  said  his  lot  was  to  burn  incense  before  the  altar. 
And  here  our  word  '  lot'  becomes  a  history  in  itself.  We  use  it  as  applied  to 
a  field  ;  we  call  it  a  lot,  because,  originally,  lands  were  divided  by  the  appeal 
to  God,  and  what  was  thus  assigned  to  a  man  was  his  lot.  In  the  same  sense 
we  speak  of  a  man's  lot  in  life.  The  original  idea  was  that  each  man's  position 
is  appointed  by  God.  So,  when  an  apostle  was  to  be  appointed,  the  eleven, 
not  by  any  special  command,  but  because  it  was  a  common  custom,  made  the 
choice  by  lot.  '  They  gave  forth  their  lots,  and  the  lot  fell  upon  Matthias.' 

"  The  use  of  the  lot  is,  in  itself,  not  only  not  immoral,  but,  rightly  used, 
is  a  religious  act,  a  solemn  appeal  unto  the  perfect  wisdom  of  God ;  and  as 
such  has  been  ordered  by  God,  and  used  and  sanctioned  by  religious  and 
prayerful  people  from  the  time  of  Moses  downward  to  our  own ;  and  is,  in 
itself,  just  as  far  removed  from  gambling  as  is  the  act  of  prayer  itself. 

"  But  if  right  in  itself,  was  the  occasion  on  which  we  employed  it  a  proper 
one? 

"  We  admit  that  the  object  of  the  fair  was  a  right  and  Christian  one.  That 
because  much  of  the  value  was  in  articles  too  costly  for  one  man  to  buy,  there 
was  great  danger,  or,  perhaps,  a  certainty  that  a  very  large  amount  would 
remain  unsold,  to  be  sacrificed  at  auctions.  To  prevent  this  sacrifice  and  to 
secure  the  proper  amount  for  the  soldiers'  benefit,  individuals  combined  to  pur- 
chase an  article  which  no  one  felt  inclined  to  do  alone,  paying  its  fair  value, 
knowing  that  every  dollar  paid,  but  one,  would  be  a  donation  to  the  funds  of 
the  fair,  and  intending  it  to  be  so,  and  satisfied  with  this  as  the  equivalent ; 
and  when  the  purchase  was  made,  the  lot,  by  mutual  consent,  decided  the 
ownership. 

"  This,  I  know,  was  the  principle,  and  these  were  the  motives,  in  which 
the  use  of  the  lot  began  among  our  own  people.  In  principle  and  spirit,  both, 
it  was  proper  and  Christian,  so  far  as  my  judgment  goes.  There  was  no 
appeal  to  selfishness  or  to  a  mercenary  spirit.  The  contributors  gave  their 
money  as  a  donation,  to  prevent  a  sacrifice  of  funds.  He  who  finally  obtained 
the  article  was  pleased,  and  the  rest  were  perfectly  satisfied.  It  was  as  far 
removed  from  gambling  as  the  distribution  by  lot  of  the  land  of  Canaan  after 
it  had  been  won  by  the  hard  purchase  of  war. 

"  If  the  thing  was  abused — if  any  bought  their  chance  merely  in  the  hope 
of  winning — they  were  gambling;  and  I  have  no  defence  to  enter  for  such." 

Another  branch  of  the  argument  was  taken  up  by  a  correspondent  of  the 
New  York  "Spirit  of  the  Fair,"  who  made  the  following  affecting  appeal  to 
those  in  authority : 


THE  CASE  SUBMITTED.  109 

" Messieurs  et  Mesdames  the  Committee  : 

"  Permit  me,  as  one  deeply  interested  in  the  success  of  the  fair,  and  in  that 
of  the  Sanitary  Commission,  which  God  speed  in  its  good  work,  to  call  your 
attention  to  a  matter  of  some  importance. 

"  Before  the  resolutions  against  raffling  were  announced,  many  ladies  had 
made,  as  their  donation  to  the  fair,  rare  and  beautiful  fancy  articles,  as  deli- 
cate as  they  were  valuable.  These  they  wished  to  dispose  of  at  their  real 
value,  often  amounting  to  a  large  sum.  Now,  let  me  ask,  how  can  we  do  this, 
while  raffling  is  rigorously  and  entirely  excluded?  With  the  exception  of 
the  more  wealthy  part  of  the  community,  people  cannot  afford  to  spend  fifty 
or  sixty  dollars  on  a  single  fancy  article,  although,  perfectly  willing  to  acknowl- 
edge that  it  is  worth  the  money ;  and  where  they  would  gladly  take  a  dollar 
share,  go  away  without  contributing  their  mite  to  the  treasury. 

"Now,  surely,  if  a  man  wins  an  afghan  or  a  bouquet  of  wax  flowers  at  a 
fair  stall,  he  need  not  go  and  ruin  his  family  at  a  faro-table.  Assisting  the 
soldier  to  fight  our  common  enemy,  is  not  an  act  likely  to  be  associated  with 
'  fighting  the  tiger.'  There  need  be  no  raffles  at  the  Children's  Department, 
if  they  are  thought  likely  to  lead  the  youthful  mind  out  of  the  way  it  should 
go ;  and  surely,  allowing  beautiful  articles  to  go  to  ruin  in  the  dust,  as  they 
are  now  doing,  to  be  finally  disposed  of  at  auction  for  a  mere  song,  is  not  the 
best  way  to  roll  up  a  pile  of  substantial  and  much  needed  greenbacks. 

"  Now  do,  most  courteous,  brave,  and  liberal  signers  and  signoras,  who  have 
so  well  sustained  your  part  in  this  our  effort  to  aid  our  sanitary  brethren, 
yield  a  little  in  this  respect.  Don't  strain  at  such  a  gnat  as  a  dollar  share  in  a 
wax  doll,  while  the  tremendous  camel  of  an  army  of  sick  and  wounded  men 
remains  to  be  disposed  of. 

"Our  soldiers  have  been  npt  unready  at  that  great  lottery,  the  draft.  Those 
on  whom  the  lot  fell  went  gladly  and  willingly  to  yield  up  their  lives  and 
their  all  in  the  service  of  our  country.  Let  us,  bearing  this  in  mind,  avail 
ourselves  of  the  readiest  means  in  our  power  to  serve  those  '  who  suffer  that 
we  may  enjoy,'  taking  good  heed  meanwhile  to  enforce  the  weightier  matters 
of  the  law,  and  be  assured  we  shall  be  held  blameless  in  this  matter  also. 

11  AN  ASSISTANT  AT  THE  FAIR." 

The  case  has  thus  been  presented  by  the  prosecuting  attorney,  and  the 
counsel  for  the  defence  has  been  heard  at  length.  To  what  judge  and  jury 
shall  the  decision  be  submitted  ?  To  the  ladies  and  gentlemen  of  the  Mary- 
land State  Fair,  at  Baltimore,  half  the  proceeds  of  which  were  to  go  to  the 


110  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK 

Christian  Commission  ?  They  permitted  raffling.  To  the  ladies  and  gentle- 
men of  the  Great  Central  Fair  at  Philadelphia  ?  There  was  no  raffling  at  this 
fair.  Suppose  we  give  the  casting  vote  to  Boston,  a  city  renowned  for  sobri- 
ety and  practical  views.  What  was  done  in  regard  to  raffles  at  the  National 
Sailors'  Fair,  held  many  months  after  the  case,  as  above  argued,  had  been 
submitted  to  the  country  ?  The  people  of  Boston,  then,  who  hold  that  it  is  not 
well  to  go  to  the  theatre  on  Saturday  evenings,  whose  play-houses,  lately  shut  by 
law  on  those  evenings,  are  now  closed  by  common  consent,  decided  that  there 
was  no  gambling  in  sanitary  raffling ;  that  the  essential  element,  the  desire  to 
win,  was  wanting,  and  they  therefore  disposed  of  every  article  which  did  not 
otherwise  obtain  an  owner,  by  raffles.  Wares  in  infinite  variety  and  num- 
bered by  thousands  were  thus  made  to  yield  an  ample  revenue,  and  the  par- 
ticipators, at  least,  do  not  believe  that  they  or  their  neighbors  are  any  the 
worse  for  it.  These  instances  only  show  that  the  arguments  have  convinced 
no  one,  that  all  have  maintained  their  original  convictions,  arid,  as  we  said 
before,  that  public  opinion  is,  and  is  likely  to  remain,  divided. 

So  much  for  general  views.  We  now  come  to  the  details,  as  seen  in  the 
operations  of  the  Aid  Societies,  nine-tenths  of  which  are  auxiliary  to  the  San- 
itary Commission,  some  few  being  independent.  There  were,  at  one  time, 
fifteen  thousand  of  them,  the  most  of  them  subject  and  tributary  to  some  cen- 
tral society  in  their  neighborhood,  as  the  greater  part  of  those  of  the  State  of 
Wisconsin  are  to  that  of  Milwaukie.  Want  of  space  forbids  our  giving  the 
reports  of  more  than  some  thirty  of  them,  but  as  these  embrace  the  smaller 
societies,  and  as  the  whole  ground  is  thus  covered,  the  view  obtained  will  be 
complete.  The  reader  will  hardly  rise  from  the  contemplation  of  these  won- 
derful labors  of  women,  without  a  new  and  expanded  appreciation  of  the 
aptitudes  and  capacities  of  the  sex  which  men,  with  derisive  gallantry,  have 
agreed  to  call  "fair."  Say  that  Niagara  is  "nice,"  and  that  the  Mammoth 
Cave  is  "sweet,"  but  let  us  talk  of  the  fair  sex  no  more.  Look  in  at  the 
nearest  bee-hive  and  see  who  the  drones  are.  They  are  the  males,  and  they 
do  no  work.  Let  us  say  the  wonderful  sex,  the  well  deserving  sex,  the  sex 
that  can  set  an  example ;  but  let  us  not  again  seek  to  make  of  the  least  of 
woman's  attributes  her  sole  distinctive  claim. 


CHAPTEK    V. 


AID   SOCIETIES  AUXILIARY   TO   THE   SAJSTITARY   COMMISSION. 


OFFICE  OF  A  SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY. 


WE  now  proceed  to  give,  in  order  of  date,  brief  sketches  of  the  origin, 
labors,  and  sources  of  supply,  of  the  more  important  Auxiliary  Societies  and 
Branches  of  the  Sanitary  Commission.  Some  of  those  mentioned  have,  it  is 
true,  acted  independently  for  a  time ;  others  have  not  always  sent  their  sup- 
plies through  the  commission,  making  some  particular  regiment  or  hospital 
the  recipient  of  an  invoice  from  time  to  time ;  but  they  have,  nevertheless, 
generally  acted  in  concert  with  the  national  organization.  All  exceptions  to 
the  rule  are  specified.  The  reader  should  be  warned  of  a  peculiarity,  in  the 
use  of  the  word  "  article,"  in  sanitary  language.  So  many  "  articles  "  are  said 
to  have  been  made,  collected,  and  forwarded  by  a  society  in  a  year.  The 
article  is  a  very  variable  quantity,  and  its  size  and  value  fluctuate  with  the 
importance  of  the  society  recording  it.  A  village  relief  association  considers 
a  pickle  an  article ;  a  branch  of  the  commission  applies  the  same  term  to  a 


112  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

jar  of  pickles.  A  sewing  circle,  having  painfully  elaborated  a  hundred  yards 
of  bandage,  records  them  as  a  hundred  articles ;  at  the  receiving  depot  they 
may  be  registered  as  one  package.  So  an  article  may  be,  in  one  place,  a 
pound,  and  in  another  a  firkin,  of  butter;  a  cake,  and  anon  a  box,  of  soap ; 
an  article  may  be  a  can  of  sardines,  a  barrel  of  vinegar,  a  paper  of  pins ;  it 
may  be  a  pint  bottle,  a  quart  bottle,  a  demijohn,  a  keg,  a  hogshead,  a  pipe. 
As  a  general  rule,  the  smaller  the  furnishing  society  the  greater  the  subdivi- 
sion of  the  article.  The  reader  thus  placed  upon  his  guard,  we  begin  with  the 
earlier  societies,  to  which  we  have  already  incidentally  referred. 

The  women  of  Bridgeport,  Connecticut,  met  together  to  roll  bandages 
and  prepare  lint  as  early  as  the  15th  of  April,  1861 ;  the  LADIES'  BELIEF 
SOCIETY  was  organized  after  the  battle  of  Bull  Run,  the  primary  object  being 
to  furnish  hospital  stores  to  the  Sixth  Connecticut  Regiment.  Finding,  how- 
ever, that  they  were  able  to  do  more,  they  sent  of  their  abundance  to  other 
Connecticut  regiments,  to  the  Sanitary  Commission,  and  to  the  hospitals  at 
Washington.  The  next  year  the  field  of  exertion  was  enlarged,  and  boxes 
were  sent  to  Fortress  Monroe,  to  Point  Lookout,  to  Georgetown,  to  Alex- 
andria. The  greater  part  of  the  articles  furnished  were  from  Bridgeport; 
but  several  of  the  neighboring  towns  and  villages  were  laid  under  contri- 
bution. The  society  has  met  every  week  since  the  war  began,  the  average 
attendance  being  twenty-five  persons.  Mrs.  Woolsey  G.  Sterling  was  the 
first,  and  Mrs.  Daniel  Thatcher  the  second,  President;  Lydia  R.  Ward  the 
Secretary. 

In  three  years  and  a  half  the  society  received  and  disbursed  some 
$3,000  in  money,  made  902  shirts  and  drawers,  and  sent  off  over  13,000 
articles,  not  including  magazines,  old  linen,  cotton,  and  flannel.  In  one 
week  after  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  nine  boxes  of  clothing,  jellies,  etc.,  were 
dispatched. 

Miss  Almena  B.  Bates,  of  Charlestown,  Massachusetts,  read  the  Presi- 
dent's call  for  men,  on  the  afternoon  of  the  15th  of  April,  and  the  idea  at 
once  occurred  to  her  that  some  of  the  men  must  go  from  Charlestown,  and 
that  they  would  need  aid  and  comfort  from  home.  In  the  space  of  a  few  days 
Miss  Bates  had  communicated  her  views  to  several  ladies  and  gentlemen, 
and  had  caused  a  brief  paper  to  be  drawn  up  proposing  the  formation  of  a 
relief  society,  and  setting  forth  its  objects ;  this  paper  was  signed  by  a  large 
number  of  ladies  on  the  19th  of  April,  the  day  of  the  attack  upon  Massachu- 
setts troops  in  Baltimore.  A  constitution  was  read  and  adopted,  and  a  board 
of  officers  for  the  year  was  chosen  on  the  22d,  as  follows : 


BUNKER   HILL  RELIEF  SOCIETY. 


113 


President, 
MRS.  HORACE  G.  HUTCHINS. 

Vice- President, 
MRS.  WILLIAM  L.  HUDSON. 

Secretary, 
MRS.  HENRY  LYON. 

Treasurer, 
Miss  ALMENA  B.  BATES. 

Executive  Committee, 


MRS.  PETER  HUBBELL, 

'  GEORGE  E.  ELLIS, 

'  W.  W.  WHEILDON, 

'  JAMES  B.  MILES, 

4  T.  T.  SAWYER, 

'  R.  WILLIAMS, 

4  GEORGE  "W.  LITTLE, 


MRS.  R.  FROTHINGHAM, 

'  JOHN  HURD, 

'  GEORGE  HYDE, 

'  ARTHUR  W.  TCFTS, 

4  S.  T.  HOOPER, 

4  FRED'K  THOMPSON, 

4  O.  C.  EVERETT. 


The  receipts  in  money  during  the  first  year  were  $1,825,  obtained  entirely 
from  private  sources ;  $900  of  this  were  expended  for  materials,  and  $400  in 
aid  to  soldiers'  families.  The  receipts  in 
money  for  the  second  year  were  about  $5,000, 
$1,300  of  which  came  from  the  Bunker  Hill 
Association  of  California,  in  recognition  of 
which,  bounty  supplies  were  sent  to  the  "  Cal- 
ifornia Hundred."  During  this  year  110 
boxes  were  sent  to  hospitals  and  soldiers' 
homes,  and  more  than  one  hundred  families 
received  aid  in  money,  food,  clothing,  fuel. 
At  one  meeting,  held  on  the  9th  of  July, 
1862,  one  hundred  and  seventy  persons  were 
present,  and  300  articles  of  clothing  were 
made  at  a  sitting.  Special  contributions  ena- 
bled the  society  to  do  something  for  the  sailors  at  the  Navy  Yard,  and  to 
fit  up  a  Discharged  Soldiers'  Home,  some  $500  having  been  given  for  this 
latter  purpose.  The  society  has  never  been  tributary  to  the  Sanitary  Com- 
mission, its  purpose  having  been,  from  the  first,  that  Charlestown  supplies 
should  reach,  if  possible,  Charlestown  soldiers. 

The  receipts  in  money  during  the  third  year  were  over  $3,600,  California 


114  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

being  again  a  generous  contributor.     The  following  table  will  show  from  what 
sources  the  society  has  drawn  its  funds : 

Cash  from  Dr.  H.  Lyon,  collection  taken  at  the  Unitarian'  Church $139  00 

"  from  G.  E.  Mackintire,  Winthrop  Church 125  63 

"  from  M.  B.  Sewall,  Union  M.  E.  Church 25  00 

"  from  Mrs.  G.  TV.  Little,  First  Baptist  Church 72  25 

"  from  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Ellis 25  00 

"  from  T.  T.  Sawyer,  Universalist  Church 106  50 

"  from  Mrs.  William  Ilurd 20  00 

"  from  Nahum  Chapin 25  00 

"  from  James  Hunnewell 100  00 

"  from  Mrs.  P.  Hubbell,  St.  John's  Church 74  70 

"  from  James  Hunnewell 100  00 

"  from  Bunker  Hill  Association,  California.  243  65 

"  from  T.  T.  Sawyer,  for  Mrs.  O'Brien 25  00 

"  from  Misses  Kettell  and  Brooks 6  50 

"  from  Dr.  J.  W.  Bemis 20  00 

"  from  Mrs.  T.  T.  Sawyer 25  00 

"  from  Charles  A.  Barker 25  00 

"  from  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Ellis 25  00 

"  from  E.  Collamore,  New  York 25  00 

"  from  A.  Heath,  from  gentlemen's  committee 110  00 

"  from  Misses  Frothingham,  Kent,  and  Neal 281  67 

"  from  James  Hunnewell .• 100  00 

"  from  T.  T.  Sawyer,  from  Foss  fund 500  00 

"  from  Joseph  Peirce,  B.  H.  Association,  California 500  00 

"  from  James  Hunnewell 100  00 

"  from  Committee  on  Entertainments,  etc 670  26 

"  from  James  Hunnewell 100  00 

"  from  Mrs.  Chester  Guild,  Somerville 20  00 

Contributions  in  sums  less  than  Ten  Dollars   57  50 


Total $3,647  66 

Two  hundred  families  of  soldiers  were  relieved ;  large  quantities  of  coal 
and  wood  were  distributed,  and  111  boxes  forwarded  to  the  army  and  the  hos- 
pitals. Special  funds  were  again  contributed  for  the  sailors  and  for  the  Dis- 
charged Soldiers'  Home.  Though  the  society,  as  such,  did  not  take  part  in 
the  Sanitary  Fair  at  Boston,  many  citizens  of  Charlestown  did,  as  individuals, 
and  the  Charlestown  Table  yielded  a  generous  sum.  The  benefactions  of  the 
city  have,  from  the  beginning,  been  liberal  in  the  extreme,  and  the  reports  of 
the  Relief  Society  embrace,  of  course,  but  a  small  portion  of  the  aid  rendered, 
which  has  been  given  in  many  different  ways  and  has  flowed  towards  the 
army  in  numerous  diverse  channels. 

During  the  second  and  third  years,  Mrs.  0.  C.  Everett  was  President  of  the 
Society,  and  Mrs.  T.  T.  Sawyer  Vice-President,  Mrs.  Lyon  and  Miss  Bates 


AID  SOCIETY  OF  CLEVELAND.  115 

remaining  Secretary  and  Treasurer.  Mrs.  Lyon  became  President  in  1864, 
and  Mrs.  Peter  Hubbell,  Vice-President ;  Mrs.  Geo.  H.  Braman  was  appointed 
Eecording  Secretary,  and  Mrs.  S.  S.  Blanchard,  Corresponding  Secretaiy ;  Miss 
Bates,  as  befitted  the  founder  of  the  association,  remained  constant  to  the  end. 
On  the  20th  of  April,  1861,  the  SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY  OF  CLEVELAND 
was  organized,  with  the  following  board  of  officers : 

President, 
MRS.  B.  ROUSE. 

Vice-Presiden  ts, 
MRS.  JOETN  SHELLEY,  MRS.  WM.  MELHINCH. 

Secretary, 
MARY  CLARK  BRAYTON. 

Treasurer, 
ELLEN  F.  TERRY. 

The  first  act  of  the  society  was  to  raise  a  fund  for  the  temporary  support 
of  the  families  of  the  three  months'  men.  The  necessities  of  the  recruits 
assembled  in  a  neighboring  camp  of  instruction  next  enlisted  its  sympathies ; 
ill  clad,  and  unprepared  for  their  new  life,  they  required  blankets  and  full 
supplies  of  clothing,  and  these  the  government  was,  as  yet,  unable  to  furnish. 
Havelocks  were  cut  and  made  during  the  summer,  and  the  hospital  at  Camp 
Dennison  was  fitted  out  with  clothing  sufficient  for  two  regiments.  These  had 
been  suddenly  called  for,  and,  as  the  society  was  without  means,  were  paid 
for  by  two  or  three  members  only. 

In  June,  the  association  began  to  spread  the  information  it  had  acquired, 
among  the  towns  of  Northern  Ohio,  by  means  of  circulars.  A  determined 
effort  was  made  to  centralize  the  efforts  of  the  women  of  that  portion  of  the 
state;  and  as  there  was  much  natural  ignorance  to  dispel,  and  much  that  might 
be  better  done  in  person  than  by  letter,  the  president  of  the  society  visited 
toWns,  villages,  families,  and  neighborhoods,  and  by  her  advice,  explanations, 
and  appeals,  did  much  to  create  that  interest  and  sympathy  which  have  made 
the  fourteen  counties  tributary  to  Cleveland  one  of  the  richest  of  the  sanitary- 
districts.  A  large  office  and  store  were  placed,  rent  free,  at  the  society's 
disposal,  by  their  owner ;  regular  meetings  were  appointed,  and  the  sum  of 
twenty-five  cents  was  exacted  from  each  member  at  each  meeting.  The  stores 
collected  were,  naturally,  distributed  in  "Western  camps  and  upor  "Western 
battle-fields. 


116  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

As  the  work  thus  done  augmented  and  as  the  opportunities  for  usefulness 
increased,  the  sense  of  responsibility  deepened,  and  the  hazards  of  transporta- 
tion and  difficulties  of  guarding  against  waste  impelled  the  society  to  seek 
some  more  extended  and  systematic  plan  of  action.  The  Sanitary  Commission 
stood  ready  to  absorb  and  assimilate ;  the  Aid  Society  asked  nothing  better 
than  absorption  and  assimilation.  So  the  ladies  of  Cleveland  proposed,  and 
were  accepted,  and  Mr.  Olmsted  wrote  the  letter  of  acceptance  on  the  16th  of 
October.  As  an  act  of  justice  to  the  contributing  counties,  containing  five 
hundred  auxiliary  associations,  the  society  changed  its  name,  and  was  there- 
after known  as  the  "  WOMAN'S  SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY  OF  NORTHERN  OHIO, 
Branch  of  the  Sanitary  Commission."  The  branch  was  ordered  to  report  to 
Dr.  Newberry,  Associate  Secretary  of  the  West  The  number  of  articles 
received  or  made  in  the  society  in  the  first  six  months  was  nearly  70,000. 

The  floating  hospitals  that  sped  upon  western  and  southern  rivers  in  1862 
and  '63  were,  on  several  occasions,  entirely  freighted  with  the  stores  of  the 
Cleveland  branch,  or  with  goods  purchased  by  its  authority  at  Cincinnati ;  a 
portion  of  the  Marine  Hospital  was  opened  for  the  reception  of  disabled  sol- 
diers through  its  influence ;  and  a  temporary  Soldiers'  Home  was  established 
for  the  convenience  and  comfort  of  passing  regiments.  In  the  fall  of  1863, 
$2,000  were  obtained  for  the  special  purpose  of  building  an  immense  perma- 
nent Home  :  such  a  structure  was  put  up,  and  soon  afterwards  gave  meals  and 
shelter  to  about  two  thousand  soldiers  a  month. 

The  official  reports  of  this  society  furnish  the  following  incident : 

"  Every  Saturday  morning  finds  Emma  Andrews,  ten  years  of  age,  at  the 
rooms  of  the  Aid  Society,  with  an  application  for  work.  Her  little  basket  is 
soon  filled  with  pieces  of  half-worn  linen,  which,  during  the  week,  she  cuts 
into  towels  or  handkerchiefs,  and  returns,  neatly  washed  and  ironed,  at  her 
next  visit.  Her  busy  fingers  have  already  made  two  hundred  and  twenty- 
nine  towels,  and  the  patriotic  little  girl  is  still  earnestly  engaged  in  her 
work." 

The  WOMEN'S  RELIEF  ASSOCIATION  OF  POUGHKEEPSIE,  New  York,  'was 
organized  on  the  24th  of  April,  1861,  and  has  been  in  steady  operation  since 
that  time,  receiving  the  constant  support  of  the  people  of  the  city,  and  regular 
contributions  from  aid  societies  in  Dutchess  and  Ulster  Counties.  The  follow- 
ing ladies  have,  at  different  times,  served  as  officers  of  the  association : 

Presidents, 

MRS.  JOHN  THOMPSON,  MRS.  WINTHROP  ATWILL, 

u      WM.  HENRY  CROSBY,  JAMES  WINSLOW. 


POUGHKEEPSIE  AND  EAST  CAMBRIDGE.  117 

Treasurers, 

Miss  SARAH  M.  CABPENTEE,  Miss  MAEY  JOHNSTON, 

Miss  MAET  V.  PAEKEE. 

Secretaries, 

MES.  HENBY  L.  YOUNG,  Miss  SARAH  SMITH, 

Miss  JULIA  N.  CEOSBY. 

Vice-Presiden  ts, 

MES.  BENSON  J.  LOSSING,  MES.  RICHARD  BAYLEY, 

"  WM.  HENBY  CEOSBY,  "  GEOBGE  WILKINSON, 

"  WM.  S.  MOEGAN,  "  JOSEPH  WEIGHT, 

"  JAMES  EMOTT,  "  EDWABD  VAN  VALKENBITEGH, 

"  J.  G.  PABKEB,  "  GEOBGE  INNIS, 

"  WINTHEOP  ATWILL,  "  H.  G.  EASTMAN. 

The  society  has  received,  in  cash,  about  $4,000,  and  had  forwarded  on 
February  1st,  1865,  for  hospital  and  army  use,  one  hundred  and  twenty-four 
boxes  and  barrels,  of  the  estimated  value  of  $13,500. 

The  Poughkeepsie  Fund  for  the  Relief  of  Soldiers'  Families,  which  was 
placed  originally  in  the  hands  of  a  gentlemen's  committee,  was  not  long  ago 
transferred  to  the  Women's  Association,  a  committee  of  which  was  appointed 
to  attend  to  its  disbursement.  The  amount  raised  for  this  object,  since  the 
commencement  of  the  war,  is  nearly  $25,000. 

Immediately  after  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  a  special  committee  of  the 
citizens  of  Poughkeepsie  was  appointed  to  carry  relief  to  the  sufferers.  About 
$2,000  were  raised  in  view  of  this  particular  need. 

The  ladies  of  East  Cambridge,  Massachusetts,  met  for  the  first  time  in 
April,  1861,  to  fit  out  Company  A  of  the  Massachusetts  Sixteenth  with  flannel 
shirts,  socks,  towels,  handkerchiefs,  &c.  For  more  than  a  year  from  this  time, 
though  a  great  deal  of  work  was  done,  little  or  no  account  was  kept  of  it  or  of 
its  value.  An  organization  was  effected  in  September,  1862,  the  society — Mrs. 
R.  J.  Knight,  President — numbering  four  hundred  members,  two  hundred  and 
thirty  of  whom  were  ladies.  From  this  date  to  April,  1864,  all  its  supplies 
were  sent  to  the  Sanitary  Commission ;  since  April,  they  have  been  divided 
equally  between  the  Sanitary  and  Christian  Commissions. 

The  following  table  will  show  from  what  sources  the  East  Cambridge 
Society  has  drawn  its  funds : 

April,  1861.    Subscriptions  to  fit  out  Company  A,  Sixteenth  Regiment $327  39 

"            Collection  in  Baptist  Society 150  00 

"        in  Universalist  Society 290  00 

"                    "        in  Methodist          "  120  00 


118  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

April,  1861.  Collection  in  Unitarian  Society $472  45 

"                     "        in  Orthodox       "       12500 

"            Individual  donations 1,000  00 

"            Grammar  schools'  contribution 300  00 

1862.    Assessments,  subscriptions,  and  collections 709  25 

April,  1864.   Proceeds  of  a  social  levee 618  00 

Nov.,       "  Church  collections  for  a  Thanksgiving  dinner  for  soldiers' families ..  14205 

Jan.,     1865.    Proceeds  of  a  dramatic  entertainment  for  soldiers  and  children 150  00 

"          "  Proceeds  of  an  entertainment  given  by  the  Shakspeare  class. ......  200  00 

Total $4,604  14 

The  SOLDIERS'  AID  ASSOCIATION  OF  HARTFORD,  Connecticut,  was  organ- 
ized in  May,  1861 ;  its  object  was  declared  to  be  "the  supplying  of  Connecti- 
cut soldiers  with  articles  of  necessity  and  comfort  not  provided  by  govern- 
ment." Its  operations  were  at  first  conducted  upon  this  plan;  but,  in  its 
third  year,  the  society,  having  found  it  to  its  advantage,  and  to  that  of 
Connecticut  soldiers,  to  dispense  its  stores  through  the  Sanitary  Commission, 
sent  more  than  half  of  its  collections  through  that  channel.  Indeed,  in  the 
year  1863,  out  of  the  twenty-five  Connecticut  regiments  in  the  field,  only  six 
of  them  received  special  donations  from  the  Hartford  Society.  The  following 
table  shows  the  destination  of  the  one  hundred  and  seventy-seven  boxes  sent 
out  by  it  during  the  year  1863  : 

To  the  Sanitary  Commission 100 

To  ten  United  States  hospitals 26 

To  Connecticut  Relief  Association,  Washington 18 

To  N.  E.  Relief  Association,  New  York 2 

To  Christian  Commission 4 

To  six  Connecticut  regiments 18 

To  Nineteenth  Regiment,  U.  S.  Colored  Troops 1 

Special  relief 8 

Total 177 

Of  the  one  hundred  cases  sent  to  the  Sanitary  Commission,  twenty-three 
contained  dried  fruits,  jellies,  preserves,  pickles,  wine,  and  spirits.  The 
wives  and  children  of  soldiers,  not  only  in  Hartford  but  elsewhere,  were  the 
recipients  of  the  eight  special  relief  boxes.  From  Mrs.  Co  wen's  report  for  the 
year  1863  we  make  the  following  extract  upon  financial  matters :  "  We  find 
ourselves  at  the  close  of  the  year  without  a  single  unpaid  obligation,  with  a 
small  stock  of  materials  still  on  hand,  and  a  goodly  balance  in  our  treasury. 
We  have  also  pledged  to  us  for  the  coming  year,  in  monthly  subscriptions, 
not  less  than  five  hundred  dollars  per  month,  and,  while  our  expenses  average 
a  thousand,  we  may  safely  rely  upon  casual  contributions  to  make  up  that 


HARTFORD  AID   SOCIETY. 


119 


amount.  To  our  steadfast  friend,  Mr.  Alfred  Smith,  we  owe  this  system  of 
monthly  payments,  which,  headed  by  himself  in  the  noble  sum  of  six  hun- 
dred dollars  per  annum,  has  been  extended  and  made  more  practical  by  the 
efficient  exertions  of  Colonel  Bunce,  Mr. 
Cornish,  Mr.  Kobinson,  and  others." 

The  society  acknowledged  its  indebted- 
ness to  Mr.  Allyn  and  Gen.  Hillyer,  for 
rooms  rent  free ;  to  the  Hartford  Steamboat 
Company,  for  gratuitous  transportation ;  and 
to  city  expresses  for  the  use  of  their  wagons 
without  charge.  The  following  was  the  list 
of  officers  for  the  year  1863-4  : 


AID   SOCIETY  8  Alt). 


First  Directress,  MRS.  SIDNEY  J.  COWEN. 
Second  "     ROSWELL  BROWN. 

Third         "  "    A.  F.  HASTINGS. 

Secretary  and  Assistant  Treasurer, 
MRS.  S.  J.  COWEN. 

Recording  Secretary, 
Miss  S.  L.  BLANCHARD. 

Treasurer, 
MR.  F.  A.  BROWN. 


MRS.  J.  H.  ASHMEAD, 
"    M.  H.  BTJELL, 

"      WM.  BOARDMAN, 

"    G.  I.  BROWN, 

"      E.  COLEMAN, 

"     F.  CHAMBERLIN, 

"    N.  COLTON, 

"     FOSTER, 
Miss  L.  GILLETTE, 
MRS.  A.  G.  HAMMOND, 
Miss  HARBISON, 
MRS.  THERON  IVES, 

"     J.  F.  JUDD, 


Managers, 

MRS.  P.  JEWELL, 
"     WM.  T.  LEE, 
"    D.  PHILLIPS, 
"     W.  W.  KOBERTS, 
"    N.  STARKWEATHER, 
"    ALLYN  S.  STILLMAN, 
"    H.  L.  SUMNER, 
"     W.  T.  STRICKLAND, 
"     0.  A.  TAFT, 

Miss  MARY  TALCOTT, 
"     JANE  WOODBRIDGE, 

MRS.  OSWIN  WELLS, 
"     T.  J.  WORK. 


The  cash  donations  for  1863  were  as  follows : 


From  auxiliary  societies $1,400  21 

"      Tableaux 1,621  18 

"      New  Britain 1,32425 

"      Alfred  Smith 800  00 

"      H.  0.  Beckwith..  675  00 


From  Owen,  Day  &  Root $500  00 

"      Conn.  Vols.,  22d  Reg. ...  463  64 

"      Lee,  Sisson  &  Co 300  00 

"     Day,  Griswold  &  Co 200  00 

"      Thomas  Smith  . .  175  00 


120 

THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

From 

Mrs.  Warburton  

$150  00 

From 

J.  B.  Hosmer  

$55  00 

u 

Collins  Brothers  &  Co  

150  00 

it 

A  Friend,  Mrs.  T  

50  00 

M 

H.  A.  Perkins  

125  00 

it 

Lucius  Barber  

50  00 

U 

Mrs.  James  Goodwin  

125  00 

tt 

Judge  Ellsworth  

50  00 

u 

balance     of    Commissary 

a 

E.  Fessenden  

50  00 

funds,  by  G.  P.  Bissell.  . 

115  00 

u 

Mrs.  E.  Flower  

50  00 

u 

J.  G.  Batterson  

100  00 

it 

John  Hooker  

50  00 

u 

Thomas  Belknap  

100  00 

tt 

P.  Jewell  &  Sons  

50  00 

u 

Kobert  Buell  

100  00 

it 

J.  F.  Judd  &  Co  

50  00 

u 

Charles  H.  Brainard  

100  00 

it 

George  Perkins  

50  00 

u 

James  G.  Bolles  

100  00 

tt 

Charles  Seymour  

50  00 

H 

Beach  &  Co  

100  00 

tt 

N.  Shipman  

50  00 

u 

Joseph  Church  

100  00 

tt 

S.  G.  Tuttle  

50  00 

If 

David  Clark  

100  00 

tt 

Miss  Mary  W.  Wells  

50  00 

u 

Mr.  Niles  

100  00 

it 

Samuel  Mather  

50  00 

u 

E.  Flower  

100  00 

it 

Invalid  Dinner  

47  50 

(( 

Wm.  H.  Green  

100  00 

it 

Miss  Ellen  Watkinson  .... 

45  00 

M 

James  Goodwin  

100  00 

it 

Oswin  Wells  

40  00 

u 

Hungerford  &  Cone  

100  00 

tt 

Smith,  Bourne  &  Co  

37  50 

u 

Hillyer  &  Bunce  

100  00 

it 

Mrs.  T.  S.  Williams  

30  00 

u 

Hunt,  Holbrook  &  Barber 

100  00 

tt 

Edward  Wells  

30  00 

u 

E.  K  Kellogg  &  Co  

100  00 

it 

John  Beach  

25  00 

14 

Henry  Keney  

100  00 

it 

Jonathan  Bunce  

25  00 

u 

Wm.  T.  Lee  

100  00 

tt 

Mrs.  Leonard  Church  .... 

25  00 

u 

C.  M.  Pond  

100  00 

it 

C.  C.  Lyman  

25  00 

u 

Starr,  Burkett  &  Co  

100  00 

tt 

Talcott  &  Post  

25  00 

(( 

F.Tyler  

100  00 

it 

Mrs.  Edwin  S.  Tyler  

25  00 

(1 

Eobert  Watkinson  

100  00 

it 

C.  S.  Weatherby  &  Co.  .  . 

25  00 

(1 

Calvin  Day  

100  00 

it 

Lieut.-Col.  Burnham  

20  00 

(( 

E.  E.  Goodridge  &  Co  .... 

91  74 

it 

Foster  &  Co  

20  00 

u 

D.  Phillips  

90  00 

tt 

Appleton  R.  Hillyer  

20  00 

u 

Bolles,  Sexton  &  Co  

75  00 

it 

Mrs.  C.  T.  Hillyer  

20  00 

It 

Cheney  Brothers  

75  00 

tt 

Miss  Lusk  

20  00 

II 

James  L.  Howard  &  Co.  .  . 

75  00 

tt 

W.  K  Matson  

20  00 

14 

L.  C.  Ives  

75  00 

it 

Aaron  Pierson  

20  00 

u 

N.  Kingsbury  

75  00 

tt 

L.  H.  Porter  

20  00 

II 

J.  C.  Parsons  

75  00 

u 

S.  S.  Ward  

20  00 

It 

President  Eliot  

70  00 

tt 

Mrs.  Edwin  Taylor  

20  00 

it 

Avails  of  Children's  Fair  . 

61  66 

tt 

Mrs.  L.  F.  Sargeant  

20  00 

it 

Mrs.  Russell  Bunce  

60  00 

All  others  

564  74 

u 

Leonard  Church 

60  00 

Total  

$13,252  42 

On  the  13th  of  May,  1861,  a  meeting  of  the  ladies  of  Lockport,  New  York, 
was  held  for  the  purpose  of  concerting  measures  to  provide  for  the  comfort  of 
the  four  companies  of  the  Thirty-eighth  New  York  Eegiment,  raised  in  Lock- 
port.  On  the  18th  of  June,  the  LADIES'  VOLUNTEER  AID  SOCIETY  was  organ- 
ized, with  the  following  officers :  Mrs.  B.  A.  McNall,  President ;  Mrs.  James 
Ferguson,  Yice-President ;  Mrs.  E.  Gridley,  Secretary;  Miss  Julia  A.  Shuler, 


NEWBURGH  AID   SOCIETY. 


121 


Treasurer.  Some  six  months  afterwards,  Mrs.  Ferguson  became  President,  Mrs. 
Dr.  Caldvvell,  Yice-President,  and  Mrs.  Charles  Craig,  Secretary.  These  ladies, 
with  Miss  Shuler  as  Treasurer,  continued  in  office  to  the  end  of  the  war.  The 


6TRAWBEEEY   FESTIVAL  FOK  THE   SOLDIERS. 


society  has  sent  the  greater  part  of  its  supplies  through  the  Sanitary  Commis- 
sion, though  it  has  done  a  vast  deal  of  incidental  work,  such  as  furnishing 
particular  regiments  with  necessaries,  contributing  stores  to  hospitals  in  Wash- 
ington, distributing  relief  among  soldiers'  families,  making  collections  in 
behalf  of  individuals  specially  needing  or  deserving  assistance,  and  giving 
dinners  and  festivals  to  departing  and  returning  regiments  and  batteries. 

The  SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY  OF  NEWBURGH,  New  York,  was  organized 
on  the  30th  of  July,  1861.  The  first  box  was  sent  to  Washington,  but  the 
second,  and  thenceforward  all  its  supplies,  with  an  occasional  exception,  were 
sent  to  the  Sanitary  Commission,  through  the  Women's  Central  Belief  Asso- 
ciation. In  the  winter  of  1863  the  society  undertook  to  do  something  for  the 
relief  of  soldiers'  families,  and  has  since  given  out  all  garments  to  their  wives 


122  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

and  daughters  to  make.  It  has  furnished  ten  thousand  pieces  of  various 
kinds,  and  fifty  boxes  and  barrels  of  wines,  jellies,  cordials,  &c.  The  following 
is  a  list  of  its  officers  for  1865 : 

President, 
MRS.  A.  D.  FORSYTH; 

Vice- President, 
MRS.  E.  HASBROUCK  ; 

Treasurer  of  Hospital  Fund, 
MRS.  C.  B.  HEURTLEY; 

Treasurer  of  Family  Relief  Fund, 
MRS.  M.  F.  0.  STRONG; 

Secretary, 
MRS.  E.  "W.  SAUNDERS  ; 

with  a  board  of  managers  selected  from  the  various  churches.  To  two  funds, 
for  hospital  and  family  relief,  some  $8,000  had,  a  short  time  since,  been  con- 
tributed. 

The  SOLDIERS'  BELIEF  COMMITTEE  OF  WORCESTER,  Massachusetts,  was 
organized  on  the  1st  of  October,  1861,  by  the  election  of  the  following  officers : 

President, 
MRS.  CHARLES  WASIIBURN. 

Secretary, 
MRS.  E.  C.  B.  MILLER. 

Treasurer, 
MRS.  WM.  DICKINSON. 

Two  ladies  from  each  religious  society  in  the  city  formed  the  committees 
for  cutting  out  work,  making  up  packages,  &c.  The  first  year,  eighty  boxes 
and  twelve  barrels  of  clothing  and  hospital  supplies  were  forwarded,  the  con- 
tents being  about  ten  thousand  articles,  besides  large  quantities  of  delicate 
food.  Numerous  towns  and  villages  were  tributary  to  "Worcester  in  this 
work. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  second  year,  Mrs.  Miller  resigned,  and  Mrs. 
E.  A.  Goodwin  became  Corresponding  Secretary,  and  Miss  Mary  Bigelow, 
Eecording  Secretary.  During  this  year,  one  hundred  and  sixty-two  boxes 
and  barrels  were  sent  to  the  front  and  to  the  several  commissions,  their  con- 
ents  being  fourteen  thousand  articles.  A  Soldiers'  Eest,  consisting  of  two 
rooms,  was  established  during  this  year.  The  rent  was  at  first  given  by  Mr. 


TOLEDO   AID   SOCIETY. 


123 


Freeland,  the  owner  of  the  building,  and  was  afterwards  paid  by  the  city. 
The  rooms  were  furnished  from  the  proceeds  of  a  collection;  the  wages  of 
the  man  in  charge  were  paid  by  the  Gentlemen's  Eelief  Committee,  and  meals 
were  sent  with  generous  frequency  from  the  refreshment  saloon  in  the  railroad 
station. 

During  the  third  year,  the  number  of  boxes  and  barrels  rose  to  two 
hundred  and  sixty,  and  the  number  of  articles  contained  in  them  to  fifteen 
thousand.  The  number  of  towns  and  villages  acting  as  auxiliaries  was  con- 
stantly increasing,  till  they  were  no  less  than  fifty-five.  The  following  table 
gives  a  view  of  the  sources  upon  which  the  society  drew,  and  of  the  extent  to 
which  their  calls  were  honored : 


FIRST  YEAR. 


From  individual  subscriptions.  . 
"     Gentlemen's  Relief  Fund . 

"     Churches 

"     adjoining  towns 

"     ladies'  levee. . 


.$286  44 
.  87  75 
.  46  10 
.  30  00 
.  696  24 


From  private  theatricals $75  54 

"     children's  concert 5  00 

"     collection  box . .  32  64 


Total $1,259  71 


SECOND  YEAR. 


From  Gentlemen's  Relief  Fund  . 

"     the  city 

"     private  theatricals 

"     calico  ball 

"     dancing  school  exhibition. 
"     Charlton. . , 


1,251  00 
100  00 
375  00 
291  91 
39  44 
150  00 


From  other  towns $162  58 

"     Sons  of  Temperance 11  05 

u     First  Unitarian  Society ....  25  00 

"     individuals 371  85 

"     little  girls'  fairs,  &c 22  04 


Total $2,699  87 


THIRD  YEAR. 


From  Worcester  County  Fair . . . 

"     Sales  at  Rest 

"     Gentlemen's  Relief  Fund. 

"     Children's  Fair 

"     Schools 

"     All  Saints'  Church . . 


J,158  60 
47  15 
70  38 
28  40 
4  41 
46  00 


From  a  lecture  by  Capt.  Hussey. .  $23  27 

"     interest  on  bonds 231  47 

"     individuals 543  41 

"     collection  box 19680 

"     Clappville,  &c 1730 

Total  .  $4,367  19 


The  SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY  OF  TOLEDO,  Ohio,  was  organized  on  the  9th 
of  October,  1861,  and  at  once  became  an  auxiliary  of  the  Cleveland  Branch 
of  the  Sanitary  Commission.  The  following  was  the  board  of  officers  for  the 
first  year: 

President, 
MRS.  S.  A.  RAYMOND. 

Vice-Presiden  ts, 
MRS.  J.  K  STEVENS,  MRS.  E.  PERIGO. 


124  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

Treasurers, 
MRS.  0.  E.  WINANS  (resigned  in  May),  Miss  E.  R.  BISSELL. 

Secretaries, 

MRS.  ALEX.  REED,  Recording  Secretary  (resigned  in  May), 
MES.  M.  R.  WAITE.  MBS.  J.  R.  OSBORNE,  Cor.  Sec'y. 

Directors. 

MRS.  WM.  KRATTS,       Toledo.  MRS.  ENSIGN,  East  Toledo. 

A.  D.  PELTON,        '  "    CRANE,       "        " 

E.  P.  BASSETT,        '  "    WM.  TAYLOR,  Java,  Lucas  Co. 

D.  STEELE,               '  Miss  TRACY,  Tremainsville. 

"W.  BAKER,              '  MRS.  G.  W.  REYNOLDS,  Maumee. 

D.  E.  MERRILL,        '  "    LIMBERICK,                  " 

DR.  BIGELOW,          '  Miss  Dix, 

M.  RATHBUN,           '  MRS.  PERRIN,  Perrysburg. 

Miss  K.  SHOEMAKER,       '  "     WESTCOTT,      " 
"    L.  BRONSON, 


i 


This  society  has  been,  from  the  first,  a  most  efficient  one,  and  has  shown 
as  much  tact  in  obtaining  money  as  judgment  in  disbursing  it.  Now  by  a 
Continental  Tea  Party,  anon  by  a  Union  Eally,  and  throughout  the  war  by 
memberships  and  donations,  they  have  kept  their  exchequer  full ;  and  they 
have  as  pertinaciously  sought  to  empty  it.  Once  it  was  empty,  or  would 
have  been,  had  not  a  gentleman,  who  was  then,  is  now,  and  perhaps  always 
will  be  unknown,  given  five  hundred  reasons  for  believing  the  contrary.  It 
is  plain  that  however  numerous  the  bayonets  the  city  may  have  sent  forth,  at 
least  one  Toledo  blade  was  left  at  home.  Mrs.  J.  T.  Newton  was  President 
of  the  society  during  its  second  and  third  years. 

The  first  action  taken  in  Milwaukee,  Wisconsin,  in  aid  of  the  army,  was  the 
holding  of  a  meeting  of  ladies  on  the  19th  of  October,  1861.  They  adopted 
the  name  of  Ladies'  Association  of  Milwaukee  for  the  Aid  of  Military  Hospi- 
tals ;  afterwards,  when  events  showed  that  aid  could  be  as  effectually  rendered 
to  the  soldier  at  the  front  as  to  the  invalid  in  the  hospital,  this  was  changed 
to  that  of  SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY  OF  MILWAUKEE. 

The  following  officers  were  chosen  for  the  first  year : 

President, 
MRS.  C.  A.  KEELER. 

Vice- Presidents, 
MRS.  ALEX.  MITCHELL,  MRS.  W.  B.  HIBBARD. 

Recording  Secretary, 
MRS.  WILLIAM  JACKSOX. 


MILWAUKEE  AID  SOCIETY. 


125 


MRS.  J.  P.  T.  INGRAHAM, 
CASTLEMAN, 
A.  GREEN, 
A.  J.  AIKENS, 
J.  A.  LAPHAM, 
R.  D.  JENNINGS, 
"W.  BURKE, 
CHAS.  CAIN, 

W.  L.  HlNSDALE, 

T.  M.  GWYNN, 
C.  0.  OLIN, 


Corresponding  Secretary, 
MRS.  JOSEPH  S.  COLT. 

Treasurer, 
MRS.  JOHN  NAZRO. 

Managers, 

MRS.  M.  FINCH, 
"    J.  INBUSCH, 
"     R.  AUSTIN, 
"    WALDO, 
"    NASH, 

Miss  BRADFORD, 

MRS.  GEO.  II.  WALKER, 
'      BUTTON, 
'      DELAFIELD, 
'      G.  P.  HEWITT, 
1     W.  D.  LOVE, 

'        HUBBELL, 


MRS.  FURLONG, 

B.  McVlCKAE, 

SHANKS, 

WM.  ALLEN, 

STAPLES, 

JAMES  HOLTON, 

TWEEDY, 

W.  SANDERSON, 

ODY, 

JAS.  HOSFORD, 

S.  H.  MARTIN. 


Wisconsin  being  a  large  and,  of  course,  sparsely  settled  state,  it  required 
time  to  establish  auxiliaries  in  the  numerous  and  widely  separated  towns, 
villages,  and  neighborhoods,  and  to  enter  into  relations  with  them  as  the 
central  society.  This  was  effected,  however — in  a  great  degree  through  the 
zeal  of  Mrs.  Colt,  the  Corresponding  Secretary — and  in  1864  three  hundred 
Aid  Societies  sent  their  offerings  through  the  parent  association ;  these 
consisted  of  no  less  than  two  thousand  nine  hundred  and  eighteen  boxes, 
containing  clothing  and  stores  of  the  value  of  $50.000.  "Wisconsin  bore  an 
honorable  part  also  in  the  fairs  at  Chicago,  St.  Louis,  and  Dubuque.  The 
following  summary,  from  a  late  official  report,  speaks  fof  itself. 

"  We  have  sent  supplies  to  the  hospitals  in-  our  state,  particularly  to  the 
Harvey  Hospital,  in  which  we  take  a  peculiar  interest. 

"Our  commission  gave  to  every  wounded  man  that  could  be  reached  after 
the  battle  of  Eesaca  a  fresh  orange  or  lemon,  to  assuage  the  burning  thirst 
which  invariably  follows  wounds. 

"  We  have  poured  down  the  Cumberland,  Tennessee,  and  Mississippi,  from 
Wisconsin,  two  thousand  eight  hundred  and  ninety-seven  barrels  of  pickles 
and  other  anti-scorbutics,  upon  the  first  call.  In  six  months  our  gifts  have 
amounted  to  more  than  $25,000  in  value,  and  this  from  a  state  with  no  large 
cities  and  not  a  rich  population. 

"  The  gentlemen  of  Milwaukee,  with  their  usual  generosity,  have  stood  by 
us,  believed  in  us,  and,  more  essential  than  all,  supported  us  nobly. 

"  Our  auxiliaries  have  responded  at  once  to  all  our  calls,  and  they  have  been 


126  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

many  ;  at  least  nine  hundred  circulars  have  in  three  months  been  sent  to 
every  part  of  the  state,  and  not  in  vain. 

"  We  have  carefully  repacked  every  article,  looking  them  over  with  much 
interest,  knowing  how  much  of  heart  and  touching  tenderness  there  was  in 
every  box.  Every  barrel  of  late  potatoes  was  opened,  assorted,  and  the  eyes 
rubbed  off,  before  going  to  the  hospitals. 

"  We  have  paid  $967  for  soldiers'  families  in  transituand  various  purchases 
not  included  in  hospital  supplies. 

"It  will  be  seen  by  the  Treasurer's  report,  that  with  the  capital  given  us, 
with  the  help  of  auxiliaries,  we  have  produced  large  results.  It  will  also  be 
seen  that,  without  a  fair,  Wisconsin  gives  the  Sanitary  Commission,  through 
the  Northwestern  Branch,  at  least  $50,000  or  $60,000  a  year. 

"There  are  several  important  places  that  on  account  of  locality  send 
directly  to  Chicago,  and  they  are  not  reported  here,  which  would  no  doubt 
swell  the  aggregate  value  to  several  thousand  more." 

The  following  statement,  that  of  the  year  1864,  will  show  from  what 
sources  the  Milwaukee  Society  derives  its  ready  money,  with  which  to  furnish 
auxiliaries  with  material,  to  purchase  anti-scorbutics,  and  to  move  and  apply 
the  stores  thus  obtained : 

From  weekly  and  monthly  contributions  and  donations  from  the  citizens  of 

Milwaukee $8,683  95 

Thanksgiving  offerings 109  00 

soldiers'  aid  societies,  1st  six  months 832  14 

"             "                 2d        "              873  15 

churches 195  30 

church  festivals   64  13 

Mr.  G.  H.  McVickar,  of  the  Chicago  Theatre 100  00 

a  concert  at  Grand  Eapids 11  00 

an  amateur  entertainment  at  Milwaukee 479  25 

the  young  men  of  Racine  College 81  50 

the  Skating  Park  Fund 99  18 

Fond  du  Lac 400  00 

Mr.  James  E.  Murdock's  two  lectures  for  soldiers'  wives  and  families 397  38 

all  other  sources..  886  92 


Total $13,212  90 

The  name  of  Mr.  James  E.  Murdock  occurs  in  the  above  table,  in  which 
he  is  reported  to  have  given  the  proceeds  of  two  readings,  nearly  $400,  to  the 
Milwaukee  Society.  The  efforts  of  Mr.  Murdock,  with  whose  career  as  an 
actor  and  elocutionist  all  are  familiar,  to  rouse  the  enthusiasm  of  the  young 
men  of  the  country,  and  to  sustain  it  when  exposed  to  discouragement,  his 


MR.   MURDOCH'S  READINGS. 


127 


labors  in  behalf  of  the  aid  societies  from  one  end  of  the  land  to  the  other, 
entitle  him  to  more  than  this  passing  notice.  Mr.  Murdock  arrived  at  Pitts- 
burgh, to  fulfil  a  professional  engagement,  during  the  week  which  followed  the 
attack  upon  Fort  Sumter.  He  there  learned  that  his  youngest  son  had  enlisted 


MR.    MURDOCH    BEADING    TO   8OLDIEKS   IN    A   HOSPITAL. 


in  a  regiment  of  Zouaves,  and  was  on  his  way  to  Washington.  He  threw  up 
his  engagement  and  hastened  after  him.  He  overtook  him  at  Lancaster,  and 
finding  him  resolved  to  persevere  in  his  course,  confirmed  his  determination 
by  giving  him  his  blessing.  The  regiment  called  upon  Mr.  Murdock  for  a 
speech,  and  the  remarks  which  he  made  in  reply  had,  whatever  their  influence 
upon  others,  a  remarkable  effect  upon  himself.  The  counsel  he  gave  to  his 
audience  he  took  to  heart,  and  having  preached,  determined  to  practise.  He 
abandoned  his  profession,  resolved  to  devote  his  time  and  energies  to  the  cause 
of  his  country  until  the  restoration  of  union  and  peace.  This  resolution  he 
has  religiously  adhered  to.  No  man  has  done  more,  by  reading  and  delivering 
patriotic  poems  and  war  lyrics,  to  raise  the  enthusiasm  of  his  hearers ;  no  man 
has  done  more,  by  recitations  in  the  hospitals,  to  sustain  and  fortify  against 
despondency  the  sick  and  wounded;  and  no  man  has  done  as  much  in  aid  of 


128  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

the  treasuries  of  relief  and  benevolent  associations,  by  exercising  a  special 
profession  in  their  behalf.  Mr.  Murdock's  readings  have  sent  many  a  recruit 
to  the  armies,  have  nerved  him  in  the  hour  of  danger,  and  comforted  him  in 
time  of  suffering.  Since  the  war  commenced,  Mr.  Murdock  has  read  or  spoken 
before  at  least  three  hundred  thousand  persons ;  he  has  recited  "  The  Sleeping" 
Sentinel"  almost  under  the  enemy's  guns,  and  told  the  story  of  "The  Cumber- 
land" to  men  who  forgot  their  hunger  in  their  emotion,  and  who  waved  defiance 
with  their  crutches.  There  is  hardly  an  aid  society  in  the  North  that  has  not 
been  indebted  to  one  of  Mr.  Murdock's  entertainments  for  sums  varying  from 
fifty  to  three  hundred  dollars,  and  the  aggregate  can  be  told  only  by  tens  of 
thousands.  Mr.  Murdock  has  published  a  small  book  of  extracts  from  his 
lectures  and  readings  for  the  benefit  of  soldiers'  families. 

The  son  from  whom  Mr.  Murdock  parted  at  Lancaster  was  successively 
made  lieutenant  and  captain,  for  gallantry  at  Shiloh  and  Stone  River.  He 
fell  at  the  head  of  the  line  of  battle  at  Chickamauga,  and  lies  buried  under  the 
sod  of  that  bloody  field.  An  elder  brother,  captain  at  Chickamauga,  came  out 
of  that  terrible  struggle  alive,  but  so  shattered  in  health  that  he  was  compelled 
to  leave  the  army.  Mr.  Murdock  himself  has  been  in  the  thirty  days'  service, 
and  has  acted  upon  the  staff  of  General  Rousseau.  In  November,  1864,  Mr. 
Murdock  received  an  ovation  at  the  hands  of  the  Cincinnatians,  and  a  flag  at 
the  hands  of  General  Hooker.  "  Not  a  sanitary  commission  in  the  west,"  said 
the  mayor,  on  this  occasion,  "  but  has  had  its  stores  increased  by  the  labors  of 
Mr.  Murdock;  not  a  hospital  but  has  been,  directly  or  indirectly,  strengthened 
in  its  usefulness  by  his  unfaltering  endeavors." 

The  LADIES'  UNION  AID  SOCIETY  of  Auburn,  New  York,  was  organized 
on  the  21st  of  October,  1861.  The  following  ladies  have  served  as  its  officers 
from  time  to  time :  as  President,  Mrs.  Hewson  and  Mrs.  Merriman ;  as  Vice- 
President,  Mrs.  B.  F.  Hall,  Mrs.  Cox,  and  Mrs.  Titus  ;  as  Treasurer,  Mrs.  O.  F. 
Knapp  and  Mrs.  Perry ;  as  Secretary,  Mrs.  P.  P.  Bishop  and  Mrs.  C.  P.  Under- 
wood. Miss  Lillie  Condit  was  made  assistant  secretary  in  the  second  year. 
The  first  managers  were : 

MRS.  NELSOX,  MRS.  COBB,  MRS.  POMEEOY, 

"     CORNELL,  "     CHEDELL,  "     BARTLETT. 

Since  its  foundation,  the  society  has  collected  about  $7,500  in  money,  and 
has  received,  prepared,  and  forwarded  some  $13,000  worth  of  supplies.  A 
treasurer's  report,  taken  at  random — that  for  the  third  year,  for  instance — 
gives  a  glimpse  of  the  society's  resources : 


ALBANY   RELIEF   ASSOCIATION. 


129 


Individual  contributions $592  00 

Monthly  collections 222  83 

Proceeds  of  Mr.  Bishop's  Poem  . .  73  60 

Donation  from  Mr.  Chas.  P.  Wood  25  00 

Donation  from  St.  Peter's  Church  60  00 

Donation  from  Methodist  Church .  14  45 
Donation    from    the    Universalist 

Church 52  70 

Donation  from  Mr.  George  Letch- 
worth  20  00 

Net  proceeds  of  First  and  Second 

Concerts. . .  298  30 


Donation  from  Young  Men's  Chris- 
tian Association $50  00 

Donation  from  Owasco  School  Dis- 
trict   43  00 

Donation  from  Woolen  Factory  . .  55  00 
Donation  from  Mr.  Rufus  Sargent.  25  00 
Donation  from  Hayden  &  Letch- 
worth  50  00 

Net  proceeds  of  Third  Concert.  . .  153  80 

Donation  from  D.  M.  Osborn  &  Co.  200  00 

Net  proceeds  of  Collation 516  20 


Total $2,451  88 


The  reader  cannot  be  too  often  reminded  that  not  a  tithe  of  the  total 
contributions  of  a  city  or  town  appears  in  the  returns  of  its  local  aid  or  relief 
society.  What  is  given  to  the  several  commissions  forms,  of  course,  part 
of  their  receipts,  and  appears  in  their  acknowledgment ;  but  much  has  been 
done  that  has  not  been  recorded,  and  much  has  been  forgotten,  whether 
recorded  or  not. 

On  the  1st  of  November,  1861,  a  society  of  ladies  called  THE  ARMY 
BELIEF  ASSOCIATION,  was  organized  in  Albany,  New  York,  the  members  of 
the  Executive  Committee  being  as  follows  : 


MRS.  E.  D.  MORGAN,  President. 

"  WM.  BARNES,  Secretary. 

"  WM.  B.  SPRAGUE, 

"  E.  P.  ROGERS, 

"  S.  T.  SEELYE, 

"  RAY  PALMER, 

"  MARK  TRAFTON, 

"  A.  D.  MAYO, 

"  J.  McNACGHTON, 

"  CHAS.  M.  JENKINS, 


MRS.  GEO.  H.  THACHER, 
"    ELI  PERRY, 
"     THOMAS  Hun, 
"    JACOB  LANSING, 
"    RANSOM, 
"    JAMES  HALL, 
"     OTIS  ALLEN, 
"     GEO.  B.  STEELE, 
Miss  C.  PRUYN, 
CHAS.  B.  REDFIELD,  Treasurer. 


This  society  has  acted  from  the  first  as  an  auxiliary  of  the  Sanitary  Com- 
mission, and  during  its  first  year  forwarded  ninety-seven  boxes  of  hospital 
stores  and  clothing,  and  among  them  one  thousand  pillow-cases,  made  by  Miss 
Skerritt's  pupils,  and  four  hundred  and  forty  sheets,  made  by  the  young  ladies 
of  the  Female  Academy.  Over  $1,000  were  received  from  the  churches  of 
the  city,  by  means  of  collections  taken  after  the  battles  of  South  Mountain 
and  Antietam.  The  cash  receipts  for  the  year  were  nearly  $2,500. 

During  the  second  year  Mrs.  Morgan  resigned,  and  was  succeeded  by  Mrs. 
Horatio  Seymour.  Seventy  boxes  were  dispatched  during  this  year,  and 


130  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

$1,750  received.  Early  in  1863  the  secretary  of  the  society  was  appointed 
Associate  Manager  of  the  Sanitary  Commission,  and  it  became  a  part  of  her 
duty  to  ascertain  whether  there  was  a  Soldiers'  Aid  Society  in  eveiy  town  of 
Albany  and  Schoharie  Counties,  and  to  urge  the  formation  of  one  where  none 
existed,  and  to  endeavor  to  make  all,  whether  old  or  new,  auxiliaries  of  the 
commission.  A  good  deal  of  indifference  was  met  and  combated,  and 
several  societies  were  organized ;  and  in  places  where  this  proved  impossible, 
two  or  three  earnest  women  would  be  found,  who  would  agree  to  collect- 
supplies  individually  in  their  villages  and  send  them  to  Albany. 

In  the  third  year,  the  society  received  $15,000  of  the  proceeds  of  the  Army 
Belief  Bazaar,  $6,000  of  which  were  expended  in  the  purchase  of  material. 
Fifty-one  boxes  were  forwarded. 

The  SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY  of  Columbus,  Ohio,  was  organized  on  the 
21st  of  October,  1861,  as  a  branch  of  the  Sanitary  Commission.  Its  money 
receipts  have  been  about  $7,000  a  year,  and  relief  to  soldiers'  families  has 
formed  a  large  part  of  its  work.  The  officers  for  1864  were  as  follows : 

President, 
MRS.  W.  I.  KUHNS. 

Vice- Presidents, 
MRS.  S.  J.  HAVER,  MRS.  L.  J.  WEAVER. 

Recording  Secretary,  Corresponding  Secretary, 

MRS.  MARY  C.  HANFORD,  MRS.  GEO.  W.  HEYL. 

Treasurer, 
MRS.  JOSEPH  H.  GEIGER. 

Purchasing  Committee, 
MRS.  GEO.  GEIGER,         MRS.  JAS.  BEEBE,        MRS.  ALEX.  HOUSTON. 

Hospital  Committee, 
MRS.  DR.  JONES,  MRS.  HAVER. 

The  NEW  ENGLAND  WOMEN'S  AUXILIARY  ASSOCIATION  was  organized  in 
Boston  on  the  12th  of  December,  1861,  with  the  following  board  of  officers  : 

President,  Vice- President, 

JOHN  WARE.  SAMUEL  G.  HOWE. 

Secretary,  Treasurer, 

EUFUS  ELLIS.  GEORGE  HIGGINSON. 

The  object  was  to  centralize  the  efforts  of  the  women  of  New  England, 
and  to  draw  them  into  closer  communion  with  the  Sanitary  Commission — 


THE  NEW  ENGLAND   WOMEN'S   ASSOCIATION.  131 

not  only  to  augment  the  products  of  their  labor,  but  to  guide  them  into  what 
was  believed  to  be  the  most  direct  channel  of  communication  with  the  army. 
During  the  year  seven  hundred  and  fifty  auxiliary  societies  were  formed  in 
the  towns,  villages,  and  neighborhoods  of  New  England,  all  zealous  in 
collecting  money  and  donations,  in  cutting  and  making  soldiers'  clothing,  and 
in  forwarding  them  to  the  central  society  in  Boston.  Correspondence  was 
maintained  with  each  subordinate  association,  information  received  from 
Washington  was  circulated  at  once  throughout  the  country,  and  every  sewing- 
circle  was  duly  informed  of  what  were  the  prospective  needs  of  the  army, 
so  that  no  unnecessary  stitches  might  be  set.  Nearly  one  hundred  associate 
managers  were  appointed,  one,  and  in  some  cases  two,  for  every  considerable 
town  in  the  New  England  States.  These  ladies  came  into  personal  relations 
with  thousands  who  could  not  have  been  as  effectively  reached  by  letter, 
combating  and  dispelling  doubts,  meeting  and  courting  inquiry,  and  reporting 
progress  to  head-quarters.  Ladies  and  gentlemen  met  daily  at  22  Summer 
Street,  to  unpack,  assort,  repack  and  forward  stores.  Other  ladies  met  to  cast 
accounts,  to  keep  formidable  records  of  debt  and  credit,  to  write  letters  by  the 
hundred,  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  boxes  innumerable. 

The  rooms  occupied  by  the  association  brought  their  owner  no  rent ;  the 
barrels  and  boxes  sent  from  Summer  Street  paid  the  railroad  and  express 
companies  no  freight.  During  the  first  year  the  Industrial  Committee  cut 
over  84,000  articles,  giving  them  out  to  sewing-circles  or  to  poor  seamstresses, 
the  latter  being  paid  for  their  work,  but  not  from  the  fancies  of  the  association. 
Many  persons  who  had  already  given  the  material,  gave  the  labor  also,  by 
proxy  ;  and,  in  these  cases,  the  needle-women  received  a  fair  living  price  for 
their  work.  The  association  forwarded  some  325,000  articles,  receiving  from 
individuals  and  societies,  from  musical,  theatrical  and  other  entertainments, 
and  from  children's  fairs,  a  little  over  $29,000.  It  had  also  been  entrusted 
with  $3,000  by  the  Sanitary  Commission  for  the  purchase  of  material. 

During  the  second  year,  the  association  forwarded  255,000  articles, 
distributed  42,000  pamphlets,  and  received  $65,000.  The  Industrial  Com- 
mittee cut  29,000  pieces — a  piece  being  now  a  bed-sack,  now  a  shirt,  now 
a  pair  of  slippers,  now  a  sheet,  now  a  pair  of  drawers,  and  now  a  pillow-case. 
The  material  for  the  29,000  articles  cost  $27,000,  the  labor,  as  before,  costing 
nothing,  or  if  a  portion  was  paid  for,  it  was  not  a  matter  for  official  record. 
The  operations  of  the  society  during  the  third  and  a  part  of  the  fourth  years 
proceeded  on  a  scale  somewhat  larger  than  during  the  first  and  second. 

From  a  monthly  report  of  Abby  W.  May,  Chairman  of  the   Executive 


132  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Committee,  we  make  the  following  extract,  which  we  believe  no  man  can  read 
without  profit,  and  which  will  enlarge  the  ideas  of  some  men  as  much  as 
would  the  European  tour : 

"  The  second  month  of  the  new  year  has  passed  very  quietly,  leaving  us 
nothing  new  or  strange  to  record.  Our  work  has  gone  steadily  on  in  New 
England;  and  from  the  Canada  line — sometimes  indeed  overrunning  the 
boundaries — to  our  Southern  borders,  from  the  most  eastern  snow-banks  of 
Maine  to  our  western  limit,  have  come  well-filled  boxes,  243  in  all,  of 
comforts  for  the  soldiers  and  sailors  of  our  mighty  army.  Each  day  the  ever- 
welcome  postman  has  brought  us  the  pile  of  letters,  full  of  intelligence,  of 
sympathy  and  of  determination,  which  daily  strengthen  us  anew  for  our 
work,  and  fill  us  with  rejoicings,  for  the  soldiers'  sake,  that  such  an  interest  in 
their  welfare  is  so  fully  established  everywhere  in  our  land. 

"Does  some  one  sneeringly  say  'we  are  very  far  in  the  rear?'  No!  we 
deny  the  rebuff.  The  women  of  America  have  stood  ready  to  go  into  the 
fore  front  of  the  battle.  Their  sympathies,  their  prayers  have  been  there. 
Who  will  dare  to  say  this  is  of  small  account  in  the  fighting  power  of  our 
men  ?  They  have  been  present  in  person  on  the  field,  where  need  of  their 
services  existed.  Witness  the  labors  of  Amy  Bradley,  of  Helen  Gilson,  of 
'  Mother  Bickerdyke,'  and  many  another  Florence  Nightingale  of  America. 
They  have  blessed  scores  of  hospitals  with  their  quiet  ministrations.  And 
hundreds  of  women  have  stood,  and  still  stand,  ready  to  do  similar  service, 
whenever  the  need  occurs.  But  they  have  been  the  fortunate  few  whose 
presence  has  been  needed  on  the  field — the  one  in  a  thousand.  What  have 
the  other  nine  hundred  and  ninety-nine  been  doing?  Almost  to  a  woman  they 
have  labored  faithfully  at  home,  giving  money  when  they  had  it  to  give — 
giving  costlier  and  more  precious  offerings  of  time  and  thought  and  strength 
to  the  cause  that  is  as  dear  to  the  women  as  to  the  men  of  America. 

"  Does  it  seem  to  savor  a  little  of  self-glorification  that  we,  a  committee  of 
women,  should  speak  thus  of  woman's  part  in  our  great  contest  ?  We  can 
only  say  we  have  no  such  thought  or  feeling.  Our  work  is  easy — a  privilege, 
not  a  sacrifice.  But  we  long  to  do  justice  to  the  women's  work  as  it  comes 
before  our  eyes,  as  it  is  confided  to  our  hands.  We  long  to  tell  to  every  one 
what  our  letters  and  the  contents  of  the  boxes  tell  to  us.  It  is  a  story 
unmatched,  we  believe,  certainly  unsurpassed  in  the  life  of  the  race — full  of 
simplicity,  sincerity,  and  heartiness,  whose  details  can  never  be  told,  but 
whose  result  is  a  daily  blessing  to  all  who  share  in  it,  and  an  inheritance  of 
which  coming  generations  may  well  be  proud." 


THE   RHODE   ISLAND  RELIEF  ASSOCIATION.  133 

And  if  The  Tribute  Book  shall  prove  of  any  assistance,  even  the  slightest, 
in  collecting  and  preserving  for  the  use  of  the  historian  any  of  the  fugitive 
chronicles  that  might  otherwise  be  lost,  its  purpose  will  be  fully  attained. 

Mr.  R  M.  Larned's  first  annual  report  of  the  EHODE  ISLAND  BELIEF 
ASSOCIATION,  made  October  29th,  1862,  was  for  several  reasons  a  peculiarly 
interesting  document,  the  vicinity  of  the  Portsmouth  Grove  Hospital  to  its 
head-quarters,  at  Providence,  rendering  it  especially  so.  The  report  stated  that 
$8,000  in  cash  had  been  received  and  expended,  and  that  four  thousand  men 
at  the  hospital  had  been  cared  for.  A  large  number  of  very  sick  soldiers  had 
been  sent,  by  mistake,  to  this  hospital,  before  the  government  had  made  any 
preparation  for  their  reception.  The  whole  labor  and  responsibility  was  thus 
thrown  upon  the  Rhode  Island  Agency,  and  their  duties,  which  were  intended 
to  be  merely  supplementary,  were  made  to  include  the  entire  supply  and  carry- 
ing on  of  the  hospital.  Fortunately,  they  were  equal  to  the  burden  thus  un- 
expectedly thrown  upon  them.  In  four  months  they  furnished  Portsmouth 
Grove,  in  round  numbers,  with  1,000  sheets,  4,000  cotton  shirts,  1,300  woolen 
undershirts,  2,100  pairs  of  cotton  and  woolen  drawers,  1,100  pairs  of  woolen 
socks,  3,300  towels,  700  beds,  700  pairs  of  shoes  and  slippers,  3,500 
combs,  &c.,  &c.  Having  thus  supplied  the  wardrobe,  they  were  obliged  to 
furnish  the  larder  also.  Chests  of  tea,  kegs  of  pepper,  barrels  of  sugar, 
boxes  of  lemons,  50  barrels  of  onions,  1,300  pounds  of  codfish,  60  barrels  of 
alppes,  18  boxes  of  soap,  that  should  have  been  bought  by  the  government, 
were  sent  without  charge  by  the  agency.  Mrs.  J.  J.  Cooke,  of  Elmwood, 
sent  three  barrels  of  tomatoes  every  day  during  the  season.  In  addition  to  this 
work  at  Portsmouth  Grove,  the  agency  forwarded  to  the  central  office,  at 
Washington,  321  packages,  valued  at  about  $40,000.  The  only  item  of 
expense  charged  to  the  commission  during  this  year  of  extraordinary  labor 
was  fifteen  dollars,  paid  to  the  porter  for  packing  goods. 

From  the  date  of  the  above  report,  in  October,  '62,  to  May,  '63,  when  Mr. 
Larned's  department  was  restricted  to  the  collecting  and  disbursing  of  cash 
donations,  boxes  containing  supplies  valued  at  $10,000  were  sent  to  Wash- 
ington, and  elsewhere.  In  May,  the  supply  department  was  united  with  the 
corresponding  department  of  the  LADIES'  VOLUNTEER  RELIEF  ASSOCIATION 
of  Providence,  a  society  founded  in  August,  1861,  to  minister  to  the  wants 
of  the  soldiers,  in  the  first  place,  and  in  the  second,  to  furnish  employment  to 
poor  women,  especially  the  wives  of  soldiers,  by  taking  contracts  from  the 
government.  From  the  organization  of  the  society  to  the  period  when  the 
two  societies  were  united,  nearly  two  years,  126  cases  of  garments  and  hospital 


134  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

supplies  were  sent  to  Rhode  Island  regiments  in  the  field,  to  hospitals  in 
Washington,  to  Portsmouth  Grove,  and  to  the  Sanitary  Commission. 

After  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  several  thousand  dollars  were  obtained  by 
subscription  in  Providence,  and  expended  in  the  purchase  of  cloth.  This 
was  made  into  garments  by  the  ladies  of  the  association,  and  sent  to  the 
Western  army.  Portsmouth  Grove  Hospital  and  the  Invalid  Corps  in 
barracks  were  furnished  with  well-stocked  libraries. 

The  two  societies,  when  merged  together,  were  known  as  the  Ehode  Island 
Relief  Association,  auxiliary  to  the  Sanitary  Commission,  and  the  various 
city  and  state  societies  were  invited  to  affiliate  with  it;  a  large  portion 
acceded  to  the  request,  the  Newport  Aid  Society,  however,  preferring  to  act 
independently,  as  before.  The  last  report  of  Mrs.  Abby  W.  Chace,  President 
of  the  Rhode  Island  Relief  Association,  estimates  the  value  of  the  work  done, 
supplies  furnished,  and  money  raised  by  her  society,  at  $  77,750. 

The  FIFTH  WARD  VOLUNTEER  RELIEF  ASSOCIATION  of  Providence,  Mrs. 
Sarah  Ann  Cook,  Secretary,  was  formed  immediately  after  the  battle  of  Bull 
Run,  being  the  first  organization  of  the  kind  in  Rhode  Island.  Up  to  January 
1st,  1865,  it  had  forwarded  to  the  army  $  9,000  worth  of  supplies. 

The  OLD  CAMBRIDGE  SANITARY  SOCIETY  was  organized  in  October,  1861, 
and  has  been  from  the  first  an  auxiliary  of  the  Boston  branch.  It  had,  at  the 
commencement  of  1865,  collected,  packed,  and  forwarded  one  hundred  and 
fifty-nine  boxes,  barrels,  and  bundles,  and  had  occasionally  sent  a  package  of 
linen  or  lint  to  St.  Louis.  Its  money  collections  have  been  about  $9,000. 
Two  circles  of  young  ladies,  the  Slipper  Circle  and  the  Handkerchief  Circle, 
have  been  very  efficient  in  their  peculiar  sphere — or,  as  we  might  say,  in  the 
circumference  of  their  duties.  The  society  was  reorganized  in  1865,  the  fol- 
lowing officers  being  chosen  : 

President, 
MRS.  ASA  GBAY. 

Treasurer,  Secretary, 

MRS.  J.  P.  COOKE.  Miss  ELIOT. 

Executive  Committee,  Purchasing  Committee, 

MRS.  H.  W.  PAINE,  MBS.  A.  K.  P.  WELCH, 

Miss  FOSTER.  Miss  FRANCIS. 

Finance  Committee, 

MRS.  STACKPOLE,  MRS.  ANABLE, 

"    J.  W.  MERRILL,  "  WM.  READ,  JR., 

"     JOHN  BARTLETT,  "  A.  K.  P.  WELCH, 


MICHIGAN   AID   SOCIETY. 


135 


MKS.  G.  S.  SAUNDERS, 
"     GARDNER  WHITE, 
u    H.  L.  HIGGINSON, 
"    EZRA  DYER, 
"     F.  L.  CHAPMAN, 

Miss  ROPES, 


Miss  NORTON, 
MRS.  GEORGE  M.  OSGOOD, 
Miss  WHITMAN, 
"     H.  TORREY, 

"      HOPKINSON, 

"    S.  DANA. 


The  citizens  of  Detroit  held  a  public  meeting  immediately  after  the  battle 
of  Bull  Kun,  to  take  measures  for  the  relief  of  the  sick  and  wounded.  A 
number  of  gentlemen — F.  Buhl,  W.  A.  Butler,  A.  Dudgeon,  Adjutant-General 
John  Kobertson,  and  B.  Yernor — were  appointed  a  committee,  to  be  known  as 
the  MICHIGAN  SOLDIERS'  BELIEF  COMMITTEE,  whose  duty  it  should  be  to 
disburse  such  money  and  stores  as  came  into  their  hands  to  promote  the 
comfort  and  efficiency  of  the  army.  At  a  late  date  they  had  received  $12,500, 
and  had  disposed  of  three  hundred  and  thirty-one  boxes  and  two  hundred 
and  three  barrels,  containing  the  usual  assortment  of  necessaries  and  luxuries. 
These  five  hundred  and  thirty-four  packages  had  been  received  in  four  hun- 
dred shipments,  and  from  one  hundred  and  thirty-five  different  societies  and 
places. 

The  FIRST  SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY  OF  DAYTON,  Ohio,  was  organized  in 
October,  1861,  Mrs.  E.  P.  Brown  being  chosen  President,  and  Mrs.  "Wilbur 
Conover,  Secretary  and  Treasurer,  and  four  ladies,  Managers.  Mrs.  P.  W. 
Davies  was  afterwards  President,  and  Mrs.  P.  Holt,  Secretary.  The  society  has 
collected  about  $4,000  in  money,  and  has  prepared  and  forwarded  one  hundred 
and  twenty-five  boxes  of  stores,  sixty-two  of  which  were  sent  to  the  Cincinnati 
branch  of  the  Sanitary  Commission  ;  it  has  distributed  work  to  the  families  of 
volunteers.  The  SECOND  SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY  was  organized  on  the  7th 
of  August,  1862  ;  the  average  attendance  has  been  fifty -five  members ;  about 
twenty  thousand  articles  have  been  furnished. 

The  SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY  OF  DETROIT  was  organized  on  the  6th  of 
November,  1861,  by  the  appointment  of  the  following  officers  : 

Counsellor, 
DR.  Z.  PITCHER,  U.  S.  Sanitary  Commission. 


President, 
MRS.  THEODORE  ROMEYN. 


Vice- President, 
MRS.  JOHN  OWEN. 


Treasurer, 
MRS.  D.  P.  BUSHNELL;  afterwards,  MRS.  WILLIAM  N.  CARPENTER. 


Recording  Secretary, 
MIS&  SARA  T.  BINGHAM. 


Corresponding  Secretary, 
Miss  VALERIA  CAMPBELL. 


136  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

In  the  summer  of  1863  it  enlarged  its  sphere  of  action,  became  a  branch 
of  the  Sanitary  Commission,  and  took  the  name  of  "  MICHIGAN  SOLDIERS'  AID 
SOCIETY,"  meaning  not  a  society  for  the  aid  of  Michigan  soldiers,  but  a  Michi- 
gan society  for  the  aid  of  American  soldiers.  "  It  is  not  for  Michigan,"  says 
one  of  the  Society's  reports,  "  but  for  the  country  that  our  soldiers  are  fighting ; 
and  not  Michigan  soldiers  alone,  but  those  of  every  loyal  state.  The  Sani- 
tary Commission  strongly  urges  the  advantage  of  sending  supplies  to  be  dis- 
tributed by  them  without  distinction  of  individuals  or  states.  It  is  better 
economy  to  have  all  supplies  given  out  from  a  common  stock.  In  many 
instances  one  regiment  has  had  more  than  enough,  while  another  has  been  in 
need.  Often,  too,  a  regiment,  in  breaking  up  camp,  leaves  its  superfluous 
stores  to  be  wasted  or  plundered.  Still  greater  waste  occurs  from  packages 
sent  to  particular  regiments  not  reaching  them,  or  being  left  behind  when  the 
regiment  moves.  The  greater  part  of  these  losses  would  be  prevented  by  fol- 
lowing the  plan  of  the  Sanitary  Commission.  Of  goods  the  disposal  of  which 
has  been  left  to  us,  the  greater  part  has  been  sent  for  general  use." 

During  the  first  year,  the  ladies  of  the  society  received  some  $1,600  and 
ninety-four  boxes  of  clothing  and  stores  from  Detroit.  They  also  received 
from  the  state  one  hundred  and  ninety-seven  boxes,  which  they  forwarded  to 
Wheeling,  Paducah,  St.  Louis,  Washington,  etc.  These  two  hundred  and 
ninety-one  boxes  contained  twenty-eight  thousand  articles.  The  term  "  article" 
is  as  variable  in  Michigan  as  it  is  in  Massachusetts. 

The  number  of  articles  distributed  in  the  Detroit  hospitals  and  shipped 
to  the  army  by  the  society  during  its  second  year,  was  about  sixty  thousand. 
Its  receipts  for  the  third  year  were  about  $5,600,  and  one  thousand  two 
hundred  and  seventeen  boxes  and  barrels  of  stores.  The  number  of  articles 
furnished  was  eighty -five  thousand.  In  January,  1864,  a  Soldiers'  Home  was 
opened,  and  though  supposed  at  the  outset  to  be  too  large,  proved  much  too 
small  for  the  accommodation  of  those  who  applied  for  admittance. 

A  meeting  of  all  the  Aid  Societies  of  Michigan  was  held  at  Kalamazoo  on 
the  23d  of  September,  1863.  The  object  was  to  make  their  work  more  effec- 
tive by  concentrating  their  efforts.  It  was  resolved  that  the  societies  in  the 
principal  towns,  and  especially  in  the  county  towns,  should  correspond  with 
others  in  the  county,  and  aid  in  forming  societies  where  none  existed,  and  that 
each  association  in  the  state  should  send  regular  reports  to  the  central  organi- 
zation at  Detroit 

The  ladies  of  Kalamazoo  then  gave  an  account  of  a  band  of  young  women 
of  that  town  known  as  the  Alert  Club,  who  made  it  their  business  to  call  upon 


BUFFALO   AID  SOCIETY. 


137 


MINUTE   MAN   OF   KALAMAZOO. 


the  citizens  at  their  houses,  to  obtain  promises  of  donations,  to  register  these 
promises  in  a  book,  and  to  report  to  the  society.  Lists  were  then  made  out, 
and  handed  to  the  Minute  Men  ; 
these  men  were  boys,  many  of  them  ,,g 
the  brothers  of  the  Alert  Girls.  —^ 
They  went  round  with  wheelbar- 
rows and  wagons,  collected  the  ar- 
ticles promised,  and  delivered  them 
at  head-quarters. 

The  busy  fingers  which  wasted 
so  many  stitches  upon  havelocks  in 
the  summer,  turned  their  energies 
in  a  more  useful  direction  as  winter 
approached.  Mrs.  Samuel  A.  Frazer,  of  Duxbury,  Massachusetts,  who  was  in 
her  ninety-third  year  in  August,  1861,  was  already  knitting  worsted  stockings 
as  fast  as  she  could  ply  the  needle.  The  venerable  lady  knew  something  of 
the  terrors  of  winter  in  camps  ;  she  remembered  Valley  Forge,  and  when  seven 
years  old,  eighty-six  years  before,  had  used  many  a  hank  of  woolen  yarn  for 
"Washington's  suffering  army.  The  girls  and  teachers  of  the  Wesleyan  Female 
College,  in  Cincinnati,  sent  one  thousand  pairs  of  stockings  to  the  Thirty-fifth 
Ohio  on  the  19th  of  November.  The  Ladies'  Military  Blue  Stocking  Asso- 
ciation of  New  York,  formed  in  October,  for  the  purpose  of  procuring  one 
thousand  pairs,  reported  twelve  hundred  and  ninety -two  pairs  on  the  10th  of 
January. 

There  was  no  organized  effort  in  Buffalo,  New  York,  during  the  first  year 
of  the  war,  for  the  collection  and  distribution  of  supplies.  The  GENERAL  AID 
SOCIETY  FOR  THE  ARMY  was  formed  in  December,  1861,  upon  the  suggestion  of 
Eev.  Drs.  Hosmer  and  Heacock,  and  Mr.  S.  B.  Hunt,  associate  members  of  the 
Sanitary  Commission.  Operations  were  at  once  commenced,  and  such  was 
the  success  met  with  in  organizing  auxiliary  societies  in  the  towns  and  villages 
of  the  western  part  of  New  York,  that  Buffalo  soon  became  the  channel 
through  which  the  contributions  of  one  hundred  and  seventy-two  branches 
reached  the  objects  of  their  common  solicitude.  The  following  were  the  first 
officers  of  the  society : 

President, 
MRS.  JOSEPH  E.  FOLLETT. 


MRS.  Jonx  R.  LEE. 


Vice- Presidents, 

MRS.  HORATIO  SEYMOUE. 


138  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Treasurer,  Recording  Secretary, 

MRS.  JAMES  P.  WHITE.  Miss  GKACE  E.  BIKD. 

Executive  Committee, 

MRS.  CTEUS  ATHEARN,  MRS.  JAMES  BRAYLEY, 

MRS.  JOHN  OTTO,  MRS.  W.  F.  MILLER, 

MRS.  ISAAC  A.  JOXES,  Miss  SUSAN  E.  KIMBERLY. 

MRS.  F.  A.  MCKNIGHT. 

The  ladies  received,  during  the  first  year,  about  $6,000,  and  some  sixty- 
seven  thousand  articles,  the  value  of  which  was  not  far  from  $40,000. 

The  net  receipts  for  1863  were  over  $16,000,  between  seven  and  eight 
thousand  being  the  proceeds  of  a  bazaar  held  in  June.  The  officers  of  this 
bazaar  were :  Henry  W.  Eogers,  President ;  B.  C.  Rumsey  and  A.  A.  Eusta- 
phieve,  1st  and  2d  Vice-Presidents ;  William  Fiske,  Treasurer ;  and  C.  F.  S. 
Thomas,  Secretary.  The  society  was  also  indebted  to  the  Board  of  Trade  for 
$1,300 ;  to  the  Public  School  for  $963  ;  to  an  amateur  concert  for  $640,  &c., 
&c.  Nearly  seventy-three  thousand  articles  were  received,  of  the  estimated 
value  of  $50,000.  In  1864,  the  following  interesting  letter  was  received 
from  the  Catholic  Bishop  of  Buffalo: 

"  BUFFALO,  May  17,  1864. 
"  MADAM, 

"  The  Sovereign  Pontiff,  Pope  Pius  IX.,  has,  through  his  Eminence, 
Cardinal  Barnabo,  notified  me  that  with  the  deepest  sorrow  and  with  the 
most  fraternal  interest  he  has  heard  of  the  number  of  gallant  soldiers  wounded 
in  our  many  battles,  and  that  he  desires  me  to  give,  in  his  name,  and  out  of  his 
private  purse,  $500,  as  some  aid  to  alleviate  their  sufferings. 

"  Your  truly  providentially  organized  society  has  done  very  much  to  aid 
our  wounded  soldiers ;  hence  it  seems  to  me  that  there  can  be  no  better 
means  of  accomplishing  the  kind  and  paternal  wish  of  his  Holiness,  than  to 
hand  over  to  you  this  check  for  $500,  with  my  humble  and  fervent  prayers 
that  (rod's  blessing  may  not  only  rest  on  our  gallant  wounded  soldiers,  but 
also  on  the  honored  members  of  your  Commission  who  aid  them  so  gener- 
ously. 

"  Accept  the  expressions  of  respect  and  esteem  with  which 
"  I  have  the  honor  to  be, 

"  Your  most  obedient  humble  servant, 

"  f  JOHN, 

"Bishop  of  Buffalo. 
"  MKS.  HORATIO  SEYMOUR, 

u  President  of  B.  U.  S.  Sanitary  Commission.'1'' 


RELIEF  ASSOCIATION  OF  ROCHESTER. 


139 


Without  pursuing  further  the  statistical  history  of  this  society,  we  may 
say  that  it  has  been  a  most  efficient  auxiliary  of  the  Commission,  and  has 
rendered  a  worthy  return  from  the  rich  district  of  Western  New  York. 

The  HOSPITAL  AID  SOCIETY  OF  TAUNTON,  Massachusetts,  Mrs.  A.  F. 
Southgate,  Secretary,  was  organized  on  the  17th  of  January,  1862,  a  vast  deal 
of  unrecorded  work  having  been  done  before  that  date.  In  three  years  it 
received  and  expended  something  over  $5,000,  and  forwarded  forty-five  boxes 
of  clothing  and  stores. 

The  SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY  OF  NEW  LONDON,  Connecticut,  Ann  K. 
Almy,  Secretary,  has  been,  since  the  commencement  of  the  year  1864,  an 
efficient  auxiliary  of  the  Sanitary  Commission,  having  done  a  great  deal  of 
independent  work  previously. 

The  ladies  of  Eochester,  New  York,  organized  an  aid  society  under  the 
name  of  THE  LADIES'  HOSPITAL  BELIEF  ASSOCIATION  of  Eochester,  on  the 
17th  of  January,  1862.  The  following  officers  were  appointed  : 

President, 
MRS.  C.  M.  CURTIS. 

Vice-President*, 

MRS.  W.  B.  WILLIAMS,  MRS.  L.  FARRAR, 

"     W.  W.  CARR,  "     A.  GARDINER, 

"    E.  G.  ROBINSON,  "     F.  CLARKE. 


Recording  Secretary, 
MRS.  G.  P.  TOWNSEND. 


Corresponding  Secretary^ 
MRS.  L.  C.  SMITH. 


Treasurer, 
MRS.  S.  B.  ROBY. 


Two  directors  were  also  appointed  from  each  of  the  sixteen  churches 
co-operating.  The  society  worked,  during  the  first  year,  upon  a  cash  basis 
of  nearly  $2,500,  obtained  from  the  following  sources  : 

Cash  from  membership  fees $20  50  Cash  from  Concert  by  the  Arling- 
ton &  Donniker  Min- 
strels    $56  00 

"  "  Concert  by  the  Hutch- 

inson  Family 517 

"  "  Tableau  Festival  and 
sale  of  a  picture  pre- 
sented by  Miss  E.  A. 
Smith..  759  04 


Aid  Societies 2945 

churches  and  lodges, 

schools,  &c 370  11 

individuals 577  47 

Capt.  Hill's  lecture....  201  50 
Concert  by  Prof.  Black 

and  others 300  60 

Light  Guard  Drill  and 

sale    of     Mrs.    Can- 

field's  picture 176  25 


Total $2,496  09 


140  THE  TRIBUTE   BOOK. 

Large  donations  of  stores  and  clothing  were  also  received,  so  that  the 
society,  after  devoting  $1,800  to  the  purchase  of  material,  and  making  this 
into  garments,  was  enabled  to  send  away  during  the  year  thirty-three  bales, 
thirty-three  boxes,  thirty-six  barrels,  and  forty-one  kegs,  containing  an 
aggregate  of  twelve  thousand  five  hundred  articles  and  packages,  besides 
large  quantities  of  lint,  compresses,  and  bandages.  These  were  sent  to  the 
Western  Sanitary  Commission  at  St.  Louis,  to  the  Indiana  Commission  at 
Indianapolis,  and  to  the  hospitals  in  and  around  Washington.  All  reached 
their  destination  except  one  small  box,  lost  during  a  raid  of  the  enemy  upon 
Alexandria. 

The  following  officers  were  appointed  for  the  second  official  year : 

President, 
Mrs.  W.  B.  WILLIAMS. 

Vice-  Presiden  ts, 
MRS.  L.  FARRAR,  MRS.  H.  A.  BREWSTKR. 

Recording  Secretary,  Corresponding  Secretary, 

MRS.  G.  P.  TOWNSEND.  MRS.  II.  E.  HEGEMAN. 

Treas  urer,  Super  in  tend  en  t  of  Rooms, 

MRS.  A.  S.  MANN.  Miss  R.  B.  LONG. 

There  were  also  four  directors  from  each  of  the  twelve  wards.  The 
following  is  the  table  of  receipts  for  the  year : 

Cash  from  Aid  Societies,  etc. ...  $576  97  Cash  from  Carpenters  and  Join- 

"       "      Churches 381  09             ers'  Entertainment $80  00 

"       "      individuals  and  month-  Cash  from  Sale  of  Oil  Paintings 

.  ly  subscriptions. ...  52  13  presented  by  James  Harris.  ..           80  00 

"       4i      Membership  fees 12  25  Cash   from   Sale    of    Goods    at 

"       "      Col.  McVickar's  Lee-                              Rooms  of  Association 29  04 

ture 11  50  Cash  from  Treasurer  of  Bazaar.    10,319  82 

"       "      Prof.    O'Leary's   Lec- 
ture    34  95                    Total $11,577  75 

One  hundred  and  twelve  packages  were  sent  to  the  army  and  hospitals 
during  the  year,  being  divided  among  the  Sanitary,  Christian,  and  Western 
Sanitary  Commissions.  The  receipts  from  the  bazaar,  coming  in  at  the  very 
close  of  the  fiscal  year,  were  invested  in  government  bonds,  to  draw  interest 
until  needed.  Of  this  bazaar  we  shall  give  a  detailed  account  under  the  head 
of  Sanitary  Fairs. 

Little  or  no  record  was  kept  in  Salem,  Massachusetts,  of  the  work  done  in 
aid  of  the  army  during  the  first  year  of  the  war.  We  can  only  say  that  it  was 


AID   SOCIETY  OF  BRIDGEPORT. 


141 


large,  and  that  it  was  well  and  willingly  performed.  In  February,  1862,  asso- 
ciate managers  were  appointed,  to  act  in  concert  with  the  New  England  Branch 
of  the  Sanitary  Commission.  In  February,  1864,  a  room  was  taken,  and  Mrs. 
Asahel  Huntington,  Mrs.  George  H.  Chase,  and  Miss  Harriet  E.  Lee,  were 
chosen  Associate  Managers.  From  twenty-five  to  thirty-five  boxes  a  year  have 
been  sent  by  the  SALEM  SANITARY  SOCIETY,  and  some  of  them  must  have  been 
warmly  welcomed,  if  we  may  judge  by  a  list  of  their  contents :  "  Sardines, 
canned  duck,  quail,  soups,  condensed  milk,  English  mustard,  tapioca,  English 
breakfast  tea,  chocolate,  sugar,  and  cayenne."  This  is  a  modern  and  benign 
form  of  Salem  witchcraft. 

During  the  first  year  of  the  war  a  society,  composed  almost  exclusively  of 
young  ladies,  labored  for  the  soldiers  in  Augusta,  Maine,  and  with  effect.  But 
few  records  of  their  operations  remain.  In  April,  1862,  the  LADIES'  AID 
SOCIETY  was  organized,  Miss  Abbie  Gr.  Burton  being  President,  Miss  Susan 
Brooks,  Treasurer,  and  Miss  Hannah  B.  Fuller,  Secretary.  They  have  re- 
ceived and  disbursed  some  $3,500  in  money,  and  have  distributed  about  nine 
thousand  articles ;  in  1864  they  furnished  the  hospitals  of  the  neighborhood 
with  twenty  thousand  yards  of  bandages.  Their  treasury  was  supplied  princi- 
pally by  the  exertions  of  the  members  of  the  society,  and  by  fairs  and  levees. 

The  SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY  OF  BRIDGEPORT,  Connecticut,  was  organized 
on  the  25th  of  July,  1862.  Its  money  receipts  were  over  $2,600  in  the  first 
year.  Through  its  influence  a  special  fund  was  collected  during  the  holidays 
of  1863-4,  for  the  purpose  of  giving  the  Connecticut  soldiers  encamped  along 
the  South  Carolina  coast  a  Thanksgiving  and  Christmas  dinner.  The  follow- 


ing sums  were  obtained: 


Check  from  New  Britain $300  00 

Soldiers'  Aid  Society,  Hartford  . .      200  00 
Alfred  E.  Beach,  Stratford 100  00 


Plymouth  Hollow 

Elias  Howe,  Jr 

Nathaniel  Wheeler 

P.  T.  Barnnm 

S.  H.  Wales 

F.  A.  Benjamin,  Stratford. 

Birmingham 

John  Elton,  Waterbury  . . . 

Ansonia 

Win.  D.  Bishop 

Alvord  &  Wilson. . 


71  40 
50  00 

t .        50  00 

, . .  50  00 
50  00 

.."  50  00 
50  00 
25  00 
25  00 

;..*-  25  00 
25  00 
C.  Spooner 25  00 


Hay  ward  &  Bacon $25  00 

Jas.  C.  Loomis 25  00 

Mrs.  H.  K.  Harral 25  00 

Hanford  Lyon 25  00 

Ferguson  &  Doten 25  00 

Russell  Tomlinson 25  00 

Ira  Sherman 25  00 

Frederick  Wood 25  00 

Lacey,  Meeker  &  Co 25  00 

Henry  Bishop 25  00 

Andrew  E.  Nash 25  00 

Birdsey  &  Co 25  00 

S.  S.  Clapp 20  00 

W.  II.  Perry  15  00 

All  other  sums. .               6fi4  75 


Total.. _...$2,09fi  15 


142  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Fifteen  hundred  packages,  the  larger  part  of  them  barrels,  with  a  few  half- 
barrels,  boxes,  kegs,  and  firkins,  were  soon  afterwards  sent  to  the  South.  Of 
these,  New  Milford  contributed  seventy-six ;  New  Canaan,  sixty-five ;  Winsted, 
ninety-nine ;  "Waterbury,  sixty ;  Litchfield,  fifty-nine ;  Seymour,  sixty-four ;  and 
Danbury,  sixty-one. 

During  this  year  the  following  ladies  held  the  various  ofiices  of  the  society  : 

President,  Vice- President, 

MBS.  DANIEL  H.  STEELING.  MBS.  MONSON  HAWLEY. 

Secretary,  Treasurer, 

MBS.  L.  H.  NOBTON.  MBS.  WILLIAM  E.  SEELEY. 

Directresses. 

MBS.  S.  S.  JABVIS,  MBS.  WILLIAM  B.  DYEB, 

'      CHABLES  WEEKS,  "  DANIEL  GABLAND, 

'     H.  K.  HAEEAL,  "  NATHANIEL  WHEELEB, 

'     WILLIAM  D.  BISHOP,  "  ALDEN  BUBTON, 

'     GEOBGE  POOLE,  "  I.  H.  WHITING, 

'     F.  K  CLUTE,  "  P.  H.  SKIDMOBE, 

'      GEOEGE  F.  TBAOET,  "  RUSSELL  TOMLINSON, 

'     ISA  GBEENE,  "  JOSEPH  THOMPSON, 

'     STEPHEN  BUBEOUGHS,  "  CHABLES  WELLS, 

'     FBEDEEICK  PABBOTT,  "  HANFOED  N.  HAYES, 

'      GASFOED  STEELING,  "  J.  C.  BLAOKMAN, 
MBS.  J.  G.  ADAMS. 

The  LADIES'  SOLDIERS'  RELIEF  ASSOCIATION  OF  NEWBURYPORT,  Massa- 
chusetts, was  organized  on  the  14th  of  August,  1862,  with  the  following 
officers : 

President,  Treasurer, 

MBS.  A.  L.  MAECH.  MBS.  M.  L.  BUNTIN. 

Recording  Secretary,  Corresponding  Secretary, 

Miss  A.  A.  ATTBIN.  Miss  S.  L.  DAVIS. 

The  society  has  been  from  the  outset  independent,  sometimes  sending  its 
supplies  through  the  Sanitary  and  sometimes  through  the  Christian  Commis- 
sion ;  at  others,  supplying  such  hospitals  or  camps  as  may  have  asked  for 
assistance.  It  has  collected  about  $5,000  a  year  in  money,  and  forwarded 
some  sixty  boxes  in  the  same  time ;  some  as  far  west  as  St.  Louis,  and  as  far 
south  as  New  Orleans  and  St.  Augustine.  "Its  prosperity,"  to  quote  the 
words  of  the  corresponding  secretary,  early  in  1865,  "  is  worthy  of  the  noble 
cause  in  whose  service  it  was  organized.  Pledged  for  the  war,  it  will  seek  no 
rest  from  its  labors  till  the  welcome  tidings  of  peace  to  our  beloved  country 
shall  proclaim  its  mission  ended." 


AID   SOCIETY   OF  NEW  HAVEN.  143 

The  effort  to  contribute  to  the  relief  and  comfort  of  the  soldiers  made  by 
citizens  of  New  Haven,  began  at  an  early  period.  Without  the  existence  of 
any  formal  organization  for  the  purpose,  collections  were  made  and  numerous 
boxes  of  clothing  and  other  articles  were  forwarded  to  the  Sanitary  Commis- 
sion. It  is  impossible  to  give  a  precise  account  of  the  amounts  raised  and 
boxes  forwarded  in  this  way.  They  probably  did  not  fall  much  short  of 
what  has  been  done  in  each  of  the  years  covered  by  the  reports  of  the 
'SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY'  formed  about  Nov.  1,  1862.  This  association  at 
once  began  a  thorough  and  systematic  effort  in  its  appropriate  work.  It 
canvassed  the  city  of  New  Haven,  and  became  the  channel  of  the  contribu- 
tions of  a  large  circle  of  towns  throughout  the  State  of  Connecticut.  Soon 
afterwards,  the  committee  of  gentlemen  acting  for  the  Sanitary  Commission 
in  Connecticut,  transferred  to  it  their  authority  to  receive  and  forward  all 
contributions  hitherto  sent  to  their  agent.  By  means  of  this  arrangement  the 
society  became  the  medium  of  communication  with  more  than  eighty  towns 
in  the  state.  During  the  year  1863,  four  thousand  nine  hundred  and  thirty- 
four  articles  were  made,  consisting  of  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  twenty- 
eight  cotton  shirts,  eight  hundred  and  eight  flannel  shirts,  one  hundred  and 
one  canton-flannel  shirts,  one  thousand  one  hundred  and  thirty-four  pairs  of 
drawers,  sixty-one  dressing  gowns,  one  hundred  and  twenty  handkerchiefs, 
one  hundred  and  forty-two  towels,  six  hundred  and  fifty-eight  sheets,  twenty- 
seven  pillow  cases,  seven  cushions,  and  seven  hundred  and  thirty-five  pairs  of 
socks.  All  these  articles  were  made  gratuitously  by  individuals  and  sewing 
societies,  or  by  poor  needlewomen  paid  for  their  labor  by  benevolent 
individuals.  Quite  a  number  of  auxiliary  societies  were  regularly  supplied 
with  material  or  cut  garments  to  be  made  by  their  members.  The  total 
receipts  for  the  year  were  as  follows : 

From  city  donations $4,609  37        From  avails  of  Concert  for  Sol- 

"     donations  from  auxiliary  diers  (by  Miss  Bradley)  $47  50 

societies  and  friends  in  "     avails  of  Tableau  (by  Miss 

other  towns 602  59                      Norton) 517  00 

"     sale  of  material  to  other                                  "     avails  of  Bazaar 2,912  26 

societies..  29388             "    other  sources  ..  1000 


Total $8,992  60 

The  cash  receipts  of  the  second  year  were  about  as  large  as  those  of  the 
first;  the  society  receiving,  in  addition,  $1,000  from  the  Sanitary  Commission, 
and  giving  in  return  one  thousand  sheets  and  one  thousand  six  hundred  and 
seven  towels. 


144  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Of  the  "  Boys'  and  Girls'  Fourth  of  July  Fruit  Fund,"  Mrs.  Eoberts,  the 
Secretary,  thus  wrote  :  "  Our  readers  need  not  be  reminded  of  the  Fourth  of 
July  contribution  made  by  our  children  and  youth,  who  sacrificed  their  usual 
enjoyment  of  explosions  of  all  kinds,  to  raise  a  fund  for  the  purchase  of  fresh 
vegetables,  fruits,  and  anti -scorbutics,  now  much  needed.  The  Executive 
Committee,  conferring  upon  the  propriety  of  making  the  suggestion  and 
discussing  its  probable  success,  ventured  the  hope  that  'as  much  as  two 
hundred  dollars  might  be  raised  in  that  way.'  Our  surprise  and  gratification 
may  be  imagined  when  the  sum  in  the  aggregate  amounted  to  over  $730 ! 
When  the  head  of  some  little  flaxen-haired  child  shall  be  frosted  with  age, 
he  may  perchance  meet  this  page,  and  who  can  doubt  that  he  will  feel 
both  pleasure  and  pride  in  remembering  that  he  was  one  of  those  who 
sacrificed  a  fleeting  amusement  to  such  a  noble,  to  so  high  a  duty  ?" 

In  three  years  the  New  Haven  Aid  Society  sent  to  the  Sanitary  Commis- 
sion no  less  than  seventy  thousand  articles,  many  hundreds  of  them  being 
barrels,  boxes,  cases,  jars,  gallons.  Seventy-five  barrels  of  prepared  bandages 
are  set  down  in  this  wonderful  schedule  as  seventy-five  "articles."  This  is 
certainly  a  modest  way  of  putting  it :  you  may  not  hide  your  light  under  a 
bushel,  but  it  seems  you  may  hide  your  good  works  in  barrels. 

The  following  is  the  list  of  officers  of  the  General  Soldiers'  Aid  Society 
of  New  Haven  for  1864 : 


Miss  M.  P.  TWINING,  1st  Directress. 
MRS.  A.  1ST.  SKINNER,  2d        " 
MRS.  W.  A.  NORTON,  3d        " 

Corresponding  Secretaries, 
MRS.  B.  S.  ROBERTS,  Miss  J.  W.  SKINNER. 

Recording  Secretary,  Treasurer, 

MRS.  H.  T.  BLAKE.  MRS.  EMILY  T.  FITCH. 

Managers. 

MES.  "WM.  BACON,  Miss  A.  LARNED, 

Miss  E.  BRADLEY,  MRS.  II.  MANSFIELD, 

"     H.  BROWN,  "    J.  D.  MANDEVILLE, 

MRS.  L.  CANDEE,  "     D.  C.  PRATT, 

"     C.  CANDEE,  Miss  P.  PECK, 

"     R.  CHAPMAN,  MRS.  W.  H.  RUSSELL, 
Miss  R.  CHAPMAN,  "     G.  B.  RICH, 

"     C.  COLLINS,  "    W.  M.  RODMAN, 

MRS.  II.  DTJBOIS,  Miss  E.  SHERMAN, 

"     J.  W.  FITCH,  MRS.  J.  SHELDON, 

Miss  J.  GIBBS,  Miss  M.  STORER, 


RELIEF  ASSOCIATION   OF  BROOKLYN.  145 

MRS.  J.  GOODXOUGH,  Miss  A.  THACHER, 

"    E.  S.  GREELEY,  MRS.  A.  TREAT, 

MlSS   M.  HlLLHOUSE,  MlSS    H.  "WARXER, 

"    I.  HILLHOUSE,  MRS.  C.  E.  WATERHOUSE, 

"     S.  B.  HARRISOX.  "     WM.  WINCHESTER, 

MRS.  B.  JEPSOH,  Miss  D.  "WooLSEY. 

New  Haven  has  been  a  large  contributor  to  enlistment  and  family  relief 
funds,  and  has  sent  considerable  sums  and  numerous  boxes  to  the  Christian 
Commission.  Great  interest  has  been  felt  and  manifested  in  the  matter  of 
furnishing  the  regiments  of  the  state  with  chapel  tents,  one  lady  having 
collected,  by  personal  solicitation,  the  sum  of  $676.  Chaplains  have  been 
abundantly  supplied  with  religious  papers,  tracts,  books,  &c.  A  "  Chaplains' 
Aid  Society,"  Francis  Wayland,  Jr.,  Secretary,  has  been  the  channel  through 
which  this  particular  stream  of  benevolence  has  flowed. 

On  Thursday  evening,  November  24th,  1862,  upon  the  invitation  of  the 
"  War  Fund  Committee  of  the  City  of  Brooklyn  and  County  of  Kings,"  an 
audience  assembled  at  the  Academy  of  Music,  to  listen  to  an  appeal  from  Dr. 
Bellows,  in  behalf  of  the  Sanitary  Commission.  At  the  close  of  the  Eeverend 
Doctor's  address,  a  resolution  was  adopted  appointing  certain  ladies,  in  co- 
operation with  the  pastors  of  their  respective  churches,  to  provide  and  make 
up  material  for  the  disabled  soldiers.  The  ladies  thus  designated,  representing 
nearly  forty  churches,  met  together  the  next  day,  conferred  with  a  number  of 
ladies  similarly  occupied  in  New  York,  and  soon  after  formed  a  permanent 
organization,  as  follows,  under  the  name  of  the  WOMEN'S  BELIEF  ASSOCIA- 
TION OF  BEOOKLYN  : 

President,  Secretary, 

MRS.  J.  S.  T.  STRAXAHAX.  MBS.  J.  N.  LEWIS. 

Executive  Committee, 

MRS.  W.  I.  BUDDIXGTOX,  MRS.  E.   SHAPTER, 

"    J.  W.  HARPER,  "    J.  D.  SPARKMAX, 


E.  H.  R.  LYMAX, 
HENRY  SHELDOX, 
J.  P.  DCFFIX, 
LUKE  HARRIXGTOX, 


JAMES  EELLS, 
JEREMIAH  Jonxsox,  JR., 
HEXRY  E.  PIERREPONT, 
H.  WATERS. 


Sanitary  Committee  of  Brooklyn, 

D  WIGHT  JoiIXSOX,  HfiXRY  E.  PlERREPOXT, 

SAMUEL  B.  CALDWELL,  JAMES  II.  FBOTIIIXGHAJI, 

JAMES  D.  SPARKMAX. 

Fifty  churches  were  soon  afterwards  represented  in  the  society,  and  several 

others,  which  did  not  send  delegates,  nevertheless  sent  contributions.     The 
10 


146 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


receiving-room  was  opened  on  the  1st  of  December,  and  offerings  arrived 
with  such  regularity  that  a  box  a  day  was  forwarded  to  Washington,  or  else- 
where, during  the  five  months  ending  May  1st  The  number  of  articles 
dispatched  to  the  armies  in  that  time  was  over  twenty-two  thousand,  their 
aggregate  value  exceeding  $30,000. 


61'ECTUE. 
SANITARY  CHARADE. 


The  Female  Employment  Society  of  Brooklyn  co-operated  with  the  Eelief 
Association  in  this  labor,  and  at  an  early  date  offered  to  make  up  garments 
free  of  charge,  if  the  material  were  furnished.  The  offer  was  accepted  ;  over 
$10,000  were  obtained,  principally  by  contributions  in  the  churches,  and 
expended  in  flannel,  yarn,  and  burlaps.  These  were  manufactured  by  the 
Employment  Society  into  nine  thousand  garments,  worth  certainly,  when  made 
up,  $15,000.  The  total  value  of  the  goods  furnished  by  the  Relief  Associa- 
tion in  five  months  was,  at  the  least,  $45,000. 

During  the  year  ending  May  1st,  1864,  the  Association  received  from  sub- 
scriptions, from  entertainments,  lectures,  &c.,  about  $10,000,  which  sum  was 
expended,  as  before,  in  the  purchase  of  flannel,  yarn,  &c.,  the  Female  Employ- 
ment Society  continuing  to  make  up  all  material  furnished  them  for  the  pur- 
pose. The  officers  of  the  Sanitary  Commission,  having  decided  that  all  above 
$300,000  resulting  from  the  Brooklyn  Fair  should  be  expended  by  the  ladies 
of  the  Relief  Association  in  the  purchase  and  manufacture  of  clothing,  an 


AID   SOCIETY   OF  LYNN.  147 

instalment  of  $24,000  was  received  and  so  laid  out  by  them  during  this  year, 
in  accordance  with  this  desire. 

From  May,  1863,  to  May,  1864,  the  society  received,  packed,  and  forwarded 
over  thirty-six  thousand  articles,  the  value  of  which  was  carefully  estimated  to 
be  nearly  $58,000.  It  has  continued  to  be  an  active  auxiliary  of  the  Sanitary 
Commission. 

The  SANITARY  AID  SOCIETY  OF  LYNN,  Massachusetts,  was  not  organized 
till  January,  1863.  The  people  of  Lynn  had  not,  in  the  two  years  of  war 
already  passed,  been  either  idle  or  indifferent.  They  had  been  as  active  as 
their  neighbors,  only  their  labors  had  been  without  concert  or  plan,  each  indi- 
vidual or  group  of  workers  sending  their  stores  or  supplies  in  the  direction 
taken  by  the  companies  or  regiments  in  which  they  were  most  interested.  A 
vast  quantity  of  unrecorded,  irregular  work  has  been  everywhere  done  in  this 
way.  Upon  the  breaking  out  of  the  rebellion,  the  Quakers  of  Lynn  raised  a  fund 
of  over  $3,000  for  soldiers'  families,  and  the  manufacturers  one  much  larger, 
which  in  the  fourth  year  of  the  war  was  not  yet  exhausted.  Cotton  was  sent 
from  Boston  to  Lynn  by  the  bale;  public  meetings  were  called,  sewing- 
machines  put  in  requisition,  and  shirts  were  sent  back  to  Boston,  five  hun- 
dred at  a  time.  Lynn  has  always  cheerfully  taken  her  full  share  of  the 
burdens  cast  upon  the  country  by  battle  and  campaign,  and  has  contributed, 
according  to  her  means,  to  onion  fund,  Thanksgiving  dinner,  and  Fourth  of 
July  festival. 

By  a  clause  in  the  constitution  of  the  Aid  Society  of  Lynn,  any  lady 
becomes  a  member  by  the  payment,  annually,  of  fifty  cents,  and  in  the  first 
year,  there  were  five  hundred  and  eighty  members.  The  society  received 
$2,300,  principally  church  collections,  and  forwarded  forty-four  boxes  of 
clothing  and  hospital  stores. 

The  following  board  of  officers  were  elected  for  1864 : 

President, 
MRS.  W.  C.  RICHARDS. 

Vice- Presidents, 

MES.  DR.  EDWARD  NEWHALL,  MRS.  J.  B.  ALLEY, 

"     W.  H.  LADD,  Miss  HENDERSON. 

Secretary,  Treasurer, 

Miss  M.  L.  NEWHALL.  Miss  A.  E.  LADD. 

Executive  Committee, 

MRS.  WILLIAM  F.  MORGAN,  MRS.  HENRY  A.  PEVEAR, 

"     JOHN  L.  SnoREY,  "    K.  H.  WAI.DEN, 

"    Dr.  PERCIVAL,  "    THOMAS  W.  BACHELLER, 


148  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

MBS.  J.  "W.  TEWKSBTJET,  MRS.  EDWIN  II.  OLIVER, 
"     EOLAND  G.  USHER,  "     THOMAS  F.  BANCROFT, 

"    JOHN  F.  HILTON,  "     JAMES  E.  NEWHALL, 

"     JOSEPH  W.  ABBOTT,  "     EDWIN  SPRAGUE, 

"    JACOB  CHASE,  "     EDWARD  S.  DAVIS, 

"    MARTIN  II.  HOOD,  Miss  HENRIETTA  EHODES. 

Soliciting  Committee, 

Miss  MARIANA  NEWHALL,  MRS.  JOHN  H.  CROSMAN, 

"     ANNA  HOLMES,  "     MARY  MEDBURY, 

"     ELLA  KEENE,  Miss  A.  A.  MUDGE, 

"     CARLETON,  "     ANTOINETTE  BREED, 

MRS.  PHILIP  A.  CHASE. 

During  the  second  year,  the  labors  of  the  Aid  Society  were  suspended  for 
eleven  weeks.  Had  the  ladies  of  Lynn  become  tired  of  well-doing  ?  Had 
they  taken  a  vacation,  and  left  the  soldiers'  flannel  shirts  to  shift  for  them- 
selves? Not  so.  But  they  had  taken  a  table  at  the  National  Sailors'  Fair, 
and  for  nearly  three  months  devoted  themselves  to  Jack,  to  the  very  obvious 
disadvantage  of  the  landsmen.  We  shall  see  the  part  borne  by  Lynn  in  the 
great  naval  festival  all  in  good  time ;  it  can  do  no  harm  to  say,  now,  that  its 
decimal  expression  is  $4,000.  So  it  is  not  surprising  that  the  receipts  of  the 
society  this  year  were  hardly  $1,150 ;  the  members  paid  their  fee,  amateurs 
sang,  recited,  and  played,  Edmund  Kirke  lectured,  and  Newcombe's  Com- 
bination combined.  Two  olios  or  miscellaneous  entertainments  went  off  so 
pleasantly — leaving  behind  the  receipts,  however — that  the  programme  of  one 
of  them  is  appended.  The  fact  that  $817  were  realized  in  this  way  speaks 
well  for  the  talent  of  the  performers,  the  taste  of  the  citizens,  and  the  size  of 
Lyceum  Hall; 

PEOGEAMME  OF  ENTEETAINMENT 

TO    BE    GIVEN    AT 

LYCEUM   HALL,   ON   THURSDAY  EVENING,  MARCH   31, 

IN  AID   OF   THE 

SANITARY   AID  SOCIETY   OF  LYNN. 


PAET    FIEST. 

I. — MXTSIC. 
II. — FIVE    SCENES  FROM    "THE    LADY   OF   THE   LAKE." 

CHARACTERS. — Fitz  James,  Ellen,  Earl  Douglas,  Malcolm  Graeme,  Allan  (the  Minstrel), 
Eoderick  Dhu,  John  De  Brent,  Old  Bertram,  Capt.  Lewis,  Soldiers,  Lords,  and  Ladies. 

III. — MUSIC. 
IV. — COMIC    SCENE    FROM   HOLMES. 


AID  SOCIETY   OF   TROY.  149 

PART    SECOND. 

I. — MUSIC. 
II. SCENES    FROM    DICKENS. 

SCENE  1. — Hints  to  Nurses.  SCENE  2. — The  Barber's  Shop. 

SCENE  3.— The  Tea  Party. 

CHAEACTERS. — Sairey  Gamp,  Betsey  Prigg,  Poll  Sweedlepipes,  Young  Bailey,  Lewsome. 

in. — MUSIC. 

IT. — TABLEAUX. 
Y. — MUSIC. 

Explanatory  Eeadings  of  all  Selections. 

Music,  Vocal  and  Instrumental,  by  Miss  Huntley  and  Messrs.  Eyder  and  Noyes. 

Grand  Pianos  furnished  by  Chickering. 

TICKETS,    FIFTY    CENTS.        RESERVED    SEATS,    ONE    DOLLAR. 

N".  B. — It  is  hoped  the  entertainments  will  merit  the  patronage  of  the  patriotic  citizens 
of  Lynn,  as  all  the  proceeds  go  to  the  Sanitary  Aid  Society,  to  help  the  needy  sick  and 
wounded  soldiers.  The  free  use  of  the  hall  is  kindly  given  by  the  trustees,  and  the  printers 
very  generously  do  the  printing  gratis. 

Let  the  above  suffice  for  the  ten  thousand  similar  entertainments  which 
were  given  in  1864  for  the  benefit  of  the  soldiers.  We  may  add  that  the 
Shakspeare  Club  of  Lynn  gave  readings  from  time  to  time  in  the  same  behoof. 

Associate  members  of  the  Sanitary  Commission  were  appointed  at  an  early 
date,  in  Troy,  New  York,  and  money  and  supplies  to  the  value  of  about  $7,000 
have  been  sent  direct  from  the  city  and  vicinity.  This  is  in  addition  to  what 
has  been  done  by  the  TROY  SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY,  B.  H.  Hall,  Secretary, 
which  was  organized  on  the  19th  of  February,  1863.  Its  first  year's  receipts, 
in  money,  were  nearly  $3,800 ;  seven  thousand  articles  were  manufactured  and 
forwarded,  of  the  estimated  value  of  $7,000.  During  the  second  year,  the 
society  received  $2,500  of  the  proceeds  of  the  Albany  Bazaar,  and  sent  away 
articles  worth  $3,400.  It  has  paid  no  rent,  Dr.  Wotkyns  having  provided  a 
room  without  charge.  The  following  table  of  receipts  for  1863  speaks  well 
for  Trojan  liberality: 

Thanksgiving  collections $562  19        J.  M.  "Warren  &  Co $120  00 

Mrs.  Betsey  A.  Hart 240  00        Mrs.  George  M.  Tibbits 120  00 

John  F.  Winslow 18000        George  M.  Tibbits 12000 

From  the  performers  of  "The  Ri-                        Wm.  Howard  Hart 120  00 

vals,"  Troy 134  00        John  A.  Griswold 120  00 

From  proceeds   of  two   evenings'                        John  Flagg 120  00 

entertainments  in  Schaghticoke,                        H.  Burden  &  Sons 120  00 

through  Mr.  Charles  Perry 131  26        Bills,  Thayer  &  Knight 120  00 


150 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


J.  L.  Thompson,  Sons  &  Co $100  00 

Mrs.  H.  H.  Doughty 60  00 

J.  B.  Hart 60  00 

D.  South  wick 60  00 

S.  M.  Vail 60  00 

J.  H.  Willard 60  00 

R.  A.  Flood 50  00 

Fuller,  Warren  &  Co 50  00 

E.  Thompson  Gale 50  00 

H.  N.  Lockwood  50  00 

Joseph  H.  Parsons 50  00 

D.  Thomas  Vail 50  00 

C.  J.  Saxe 40  00 

Fifth  Baptist  Church 36  40 

Benjamin  H.  Hall  36  00 

Jesse  B.  Anthony 36  00 

Total.. 


Mrs.  E.  Seldon $30  00 

Hagar's  Rebellion  Concerts 27  42 

L.  A.  Battershall 25  00 

Jonas  C.  Heartt 25  00 

E.  Proudfit 25  00 

C.  L.  Tracy 25  00 

W.  L.  Van  Alstyne 25  00 

G.  II.  Barnard 24  00 

R.  Peckham 24  00 

John  Anthony 20  00 

T.  W.  Blatchford 20  00 

J.  W.  Freeman 20  OO 

II.  C.  Lockwood 20  00 

Maullin  &  Cluett 20  00 

All  others  . .  397  66 


.$3,783  93 


It  was  not  till  early  in  1863,  that  the  necessity  was  felt  in  the  extreme 
north  for  a  home  or  lodge  for  soldiers  passing  through  and  temporarily  de- 
tained. On  the  1st  of  April  such  an  establishment  was  opened  in  Boston  by 
the  Executive  Committee  of  Boston  Associates,  at  No.  76  Kingston  Street. 
The  second  floor  was  fitted  up,  the  sleeping-room  containing  at  the  outset 
twelve  beds,  forty-eight  others,  in  successively  added  rooms,  being  gradually 
provided.  The  first  applicant  for  aid,  a  soldier  whose  furlough  had  expired, 
and  who  had  no  means  of  returning  to  his  regiment,  was  entertained  on  the 
7th  of  the  month.  The  following  are  the  details  of  the  aid  rendered  by  this 
branch  in  the  first  eighteen  months : 


Furnished  transportation,  at  government  rate,  to .... 

"  paid  by  the  Commission. . . 

"  "  by  U.  S.  Quartermaster.  . . 

"        carriage  within  the  city 

"         special  attendance  to  their  homes 

"        lodging 

"        meals  (total  number  of  meals,  34,440) 

"         clothing  (total  number  of  garments,  1,160), 

"        aid  in  arranging  papers , 

"         aid  in  obtaining  pay 

"        medical  advice 

Wounds  dressed 

Sent  to  hospital 

Referred  to  local  Relief  Associations   - 

Re-enlisted 

Deaths 

Furnished  undertaker's  services. . 


9,623 

219 

934 

4,075 

100 

13,073 

17,222 

550 

182 

226 

689 

3,178 

130 

46 

27 

6 

9 

Back  pay  collected $26,528  72 


AID   ASSOCIATION  OF  CAMBRIDGEPORT.  151 

A  Hospital  Car  Service  between  Boston  and  New  York  was  established 
by  the  committee  on  the  2d  of  November,  1863,  two  first-class  cars  having 
been  set  apart  and  furnished  for  this  purpose  upon  the  line  by  way  of  Spring- 
field and  New  Haven.  Each  car  contained  nine  portable  litter-beds,  suspended 
by  elastic  bands ;  twelve  folding  hospital  chairs ;  twelve  ordinary  seats ;  a 
hospital  store-closet,  supplied  witli  medicines,  stimulants,  and  the  usual  sur- 
gical and  medical  appliances,  the  means  of  cooking,  and  a  wardrobe  of  hospi- 
tal clothing.  For  a  time,  one  of  these  cars  left  Boston  and  New  York  daily, 
in  charge  of  a  military  hospital  steward  and  nurse.  The  number  of  soldiers 
transported  in  one  year  was  nearly  twelve  thousand,  each  man  moved  costing 
at  the  commencement,  seventy  cents — this  including  the  outfit  of  the  cars — 
and  during  the  last  month,  hardly  fourteen  cents.  The  average  cost  per  man 
during  the  year  was  twenty-two  cents. 

The  whole  expense  of  this  special  relief,  including  the  home  in  Kingston 
Street,  and  the  hospital  car  service,  for  eighteen  months,  was  about  $28,000 ; 
$10,000  of  this  sum  was  paid  out  of  the  proceeds  of  the  Boston  Sanitary 
Fair. 

For  nearly  three  years  there  was  no  organized  soldiers'  aid  society  in  Cam- 
bridgeport,  Massachusetts.  There  were  seven  religious  associations,  all  more 
or  less  active  in  works  of  relief,  but  each  pursuing  its  labors  in  its  own  way, 
and  sending  its  supplies  in  this  or  that  direction,  without  reference  to  the 
operations  of  others.  Several  efforts  were  made  to  unite  the  churches  and 
induce  them  to  act  in  concert,  but  failed.  Early  in  1864,  three  of  the  clergy- 
men made  an  earnest  attempt,  and  succeeded  in  effecting  a  thorough  organiza- 
tion. The  CAMBRIDGEPORT  SOLDIERS'  AID  ASSOCIATION  opened  soon  after 
with  sixty  members,  and  somewhat  later  numbered  nearly  three  hundred. 
The  ofiices  were  distributed  as  follows : 


President, 
MRS.  J.  M.  S.  WILLIAMS. 

Vice- Presidents, 

MRS.  J.  C.  DODGE,  MRS.  C.  A.  SKINNEE, 

MRS.  CHARLES  SEYMOUR. 

Corresponding  Secretary,  Recording  Secretary, 

MRS.  H.  O.  HOUGHTON.  MRS.  W.  W.  WELLINGTON. 

Treasurer, 
MRS.  J.  M.  CUTTER. 


152  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

COMMITTEES    AT   LAEGE. 

Purchasing  Materials, 
MRS.  0.  W.  WATBIS,  MES.  J.  K.  PALMEE,  MES.  ALBERT  VINAL. 

Recording, 
Miss  SABAH  C.  BENT,  Miss  SAEAH  C.  FISHES,         Miss  ALICE  W.  BEMIS. 

Packing, 
MES.  F.  H.  MANSON,  MES.  W.  P.  SAMPSON,  MES.  G.  P.  CAETEE. 

The  society  has  depended  entirely  upon  assessments,  memberships,  and 
church  collections,  and  received  some  $3,000  during  its  first  year.  It  has  for- 
warded boxes  to  the  Massachusetts  state  agent  at  Washington  at  the  rate  of 
about  one  a  month,  besides  supplying  the  individual  wants  of  Cambridge 
soldiers,  whenever  informed  of  them.  The  weekly  meetings  have  been 
attended  by  from  seventy  to  one  hundred  and  ten  ladies ;  others,  unable  to 
be  present,  have  sent  for  work  to  be  done  at  home,  or,  if  unable  to  do  this, 
have  furnished  clothing  as  a  substitute  for  work. 

The  association,  at  an  early  date,  introduced  into  its  machinery  a  Home 
Relief  Department,  for  the  purpose  of  drawing  to  and  absorbing  within  itself 
a  Young  Ladies'  Circle,  which  had  devoted  itself  during  the  previous  winter 
to  the  work  of  clothing  soldiers'  children.  It  continued  its  labor  of  love,  but 
as  a  branch  and  under  the  auspices  of  the  association. 

We  have  thus  passed  in  review  the  principal  Aid  Societies  in  the  country 
— a  sufficient  number,  at  any  rate,  to  give  a  stranger,  should  these  pages  fall  into 
a  stranger's  hands,  a  comprehensive  idea  of  the  occupation  of  the  women  of 
the  land  in  war  time.  Hamlets  so  small  that  the  postmaster-general  does  not 
know  them — and,  indeed,  their  own  inhabitants  do  not  know  them  by  name, 
but  only  by  number — the  neighborhood  of  some  half  dozen  houses,  the  vil- 
lage, the  cluster  of  tenements  around  the  mill  or  factory,  the  town,  the  city, 
the  metropolis — all  have  been  moved  by  one  impulse,  and,  taking  the  mean  of 
town  and  country,  have  given  with  surprising  uniformity  ;  that  is,  the  average 
per  man,  woman,  and  child,  certain  obvious  allowances  being  made,  is  nearly 
the  same  in  the  several  states.  History,  mythology,  and  fable  will  be  vainly 
ransacked  by  those  who  would  find  a  parallel. 

With  the  mere  labor  and  application  necessary  for  the  creation  of  their 
supplies,  the  women  and  children  have  not  always  rested  content.  A 
blanket  might  not  only  hold  warmth,  but  it  might  carry  a  message.  In  the 
earlier  stages  of  the  war,  especially  before  stockings,  shirts,  and  pillow-cases 
were  needed  and  called  for  by  the  hundred  thousand,  it  was  a  pleasant  prac- 


MARKED  ARTICLES.  153 

tice,  on  the  part  of  the  knitters  and  stitchers,  to  append,  in  writing,  some 
homelike,  encouraging,  patriotic  sentiment,  either  in  prose  or  verse.  Indeed, 
it  is  still  the  boast  of  some  few  circles  that  no  article  has  ever  left  their  rooms 
without  its  metrical  word  of  counsel  or  sympathy.  Calumniators  have  desig- 
nated these  rhymes  as  the  work  of  the  sewing-machine,  or  have  intimated 
that  the  turning  of  a  crank  would  produce  as  good.  Let  us  see.  Is  there  a 
soldier  in  the  American  army  who  would  not  find  spiritual  as  well  as  physi- 
cal comfort  in  stockings  thus  labelled  : 

"  Brave  sentry,  on  your  lonely  beat 
May  these  bine  stockings  warm  your  feet ; 
And  when  from  war  and  camps  you  part, 
May  some  fair  knitter  warm  your  heart!" 

Or  in  an  indorsement  like  this : 

"  The  fortunate  owner  of  these  socks  is  secretly  informed,  that  they  are 
the  one  hundred  and  ninety-first  pair  knit  for  our  brave  boys  by  Mrs.  Abner 
Bartlett,  of  Medford,  Mass.,  now  aged  eighty-five  years.  January,  1864" 

Blankets,  bandages,  pillows,  bottles,  have  all  borne  messages  of  consolation 
to  the  army,  as  a  few  examples,  taken  at  random,  will  serve  to  show.  A 
piece  of  paper  bearing  these  words  was  pinned  to  a  home-spun  blanket : 

"  This  blanket  was  carried  by  Milly  Aldrich,  who  is  ninety-three  years 
old,  down  hill  and  up  hill,  one  and  a  half  miles,  to  be  given  to  some  soldier." 

On  a  bed-quilt  was  pinned  a  card,  saying: 

"  My  son  is  in  the  army.  Whoever  is  made  warm  by  this  quilt,  which  I 
have  worked  on  for  six  days  and  almost  all  of  six  nights,  let  him  remember 
bis  own  mother's  love." 

On  another  blanket  was  this:  "This  blanket  was  used  by  a  soldier 
in  the  war  of  1812  ;  it  may  keep  some  soldier  warm  in  this  war  against 
traitors." 

On  a  pillow  was  written :  "  This  pillow  belonged  to  my  little  boy,  who 
died  resting  on  it;  it  is  a  precious  treasure  to  me,  but  I  give  it  for  the 
soldiers." 

A  pair  of  woolen  socks  told  this  story:  "These  stockings  were  knit  by  a 
little  girl  five  years  old,  and  she  is  going  to  knit  some  more,  for  mother  says 
it  will  help  some  poor  soldier." 

On  a  box  of  lint  was  this  record :  il  Made  in  a  sick  room,  where  the 
sunlight  has  not  entered  for  nine  years,  but  where  God  has  entered,  and 
where  two  sons  have  bade  their  mother  good-by  as  they  have  gone  out 
to  the  war." 


154  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

On  a  bundle  containing  bandages  was  written :  "  This  is  a  poor  gift,  but  it 
is  all  I  had.  I  have  given  my  husband  and  my  boy,  and  only  wish  I  had 
more  to  give,  but  I  haven't." 

On  some  eye-shades  were  these  words :  "  Made  by  one  who  is  blind.  Oh, 
how  I  long  to  see  the  dear  old  flag  that  you  are  all  fighting  under  !" 

Early  in  1862,  Miss  Breckenridge  and  other  ladies  of  Princeton,  New 
Jersey,  sent  to  Kentucky  a  large  supply  of  hospital  stores,  among  which  was 
a  quantity  of  currant  wine,  each  bottle  bearing  a  sentiment,  of  which  the 
following  are  samples: 

"  Currant  wine  from  Princeton,  New  Jersey.  May  it  refresh  you,  brave 
men  from  Illinois." 

"  Forget  not  the  invisible  hand  that  leads  you  to  victory." 

"  New  Jersey  extends  her  hand  to  you,  brave  Tennesseans." 

"  This  wine  was  made  on  the  battle-field  of  Princeton,  New  Jersey,  not 
far  from  where  Washington  led  his  army  on  to  victory.  May  it  bear  to  you 
refreshing,  invigorating,  healing  virtues,  is  the  prayer  of  the  one  who  made  it" 

"  Currant  wine  for  our  brave  defenders.  The  Lord  thy  God  will  not  fail 
thee,  nor  forsake  thee." 

A  barrel  of  hospital  clothing,  sent  from  Conway,  Massachusetts,  was 
made  to  declare,  by  its  label,  that  "  it  contained  a  pair  of  socks  knit  by  a  lady 
who  is  ninety-seven  years  old  on  the  24th  of  this  month.  She  is  ready  and 
anxious  to  do  all  she  can." 

The  yarn,  the  heart,  the  hand,  the  love,  the  dreams  and  prayers  referred  to 
in  the  following  verses,  all  came  from  a  border  state : 

"Fold  them  up,  they  are  warm  and  soft 
As  the  delicate  knitter's  heart  and  hand, 
A  pair  of  soft,  bine  woolen  socks, 
And  love  knit  in  with  every  strand. 

More  than  this,  there  are  dreams  and  prayers 
Wove  in  like  a  mystic,  golden  thread — 
Dreams  that  may  stir  a  soldier's  heart, 
-.  And  prayers  to  hless  a  dying  head. 

It  is  not  vain,  it  is  not  vain, 
For  love  is  blest,  and  prayer  is  strong, 
To  move  the  Arm  that  surely  guides 
The  breasts  that  stern  the  tide  of  wrong. 

And  those  who,  praying,  still  believe, 
Shall  know  the  strength  of  human  will ; 
They  dream  prophetic  histories, 
And  through  their  faith  their  hopes  fulfil." 


HISTORIC   LINEN.  155 

From  time  to  time  the  societies  received  gifts  of  linen  older  than  the 
government  it  was  given  to  save ;  sometimes  this  linen  was  merely  aged, 
sometimes  absolutely  historic.  The  New  Haven  Society  received  a  sheet 
marked  "  J.  *  E. ;"  and  this  meant  that  it  had  belonged  in  other  days  to 
Jehosaphat  and  Elizabeth  Starr.  Jehosaphat  had  married  Elizabeth  in  173  i, 
in  Guilford,  and  the  sheet  was  doubtless  one  hundred  and  thirty  years  old. 
Two  of  these  heirlooms  had  descended  to  Mr.  Henry  B.  Starr,  and  one  by 
one  he  parted  with  them,  probably  in  the  only  manner  he  could  have  been 
induced  to  give  them  up. 

In  1812,  Mrs.  Mary  Witmer,  of  Lancaster  County,  Pennsylvania,  spun  a 
quantity  of  flax  and  wove  a  number  of  yards  of  linen  cloth.  She  lived  to 
scrape  her  linen  into  lint,  in  1862. 

The  ladies  of  Brooklyn  had  called  for  bandages  upon  news  of  a  sanguinary 
battle,  and  received  a  package  accompanied  by  the  following  note : 

"FRIENDS  OF  THE  BELIEF  COMMISSION:  It  may  not  be  uninteresting 
to  you  to  know  that  some  of  the  pieces  of  old  linen  left  by  me  at  your  office 
this  morning  are  very  venerable  by  reason  of  age. 

"  A  hundred  and  fifty  years  ago,  among  the  Ochill  hills,  in  Scotland,  and 
at  the  open  window  of  a  farm-house  of  that  locality,  the  passer-by  might  have 
seen  a  young,  blooming  lassie  working  merrily  at  her  spinning-wheel,  prepa- 
ring for  the  most  eventful  change  in  the  life  of  any  one  ;  in  short,  she  was 
spinning  sheets  and  towels  for  her  own  future  use. 

"  Little  did  that  young  woman  dream,  as  she  merrily  drove  her  wheel, 
that  her  handiwork  would  be  used  in  1864  to  bind  up  the  wounds  of  heroic 
men,  who  stand  and  fight  for  freedom  in  days  of  danger;  yet  such  is  the 
case,  and  I  thought  that  you  might  be  pleased  to  know  the  fact." 

One  of  the  less  obvious  influences  of  the  Soldiers'  Aid  Societies  has  been 
so  forcibly  stated  in  the  pages  of  the  Atlantic  Monthly,  that  we  cannot  forbear 
quoting  the  passage : 

"  Many  a  one  could  have  wished  to  say  to  every  soldier  as  he  went  forth 
to  the  war,  '  Kemember,  that,  if  God  spares  your  life,  in  a  few  months  or  a 
few  years  you  will  come  back,  not  officers,  not  privates,  but  sons  and  husbands 
and  brothers,  for  whom  some  home  is  waiting  and  some  human  heart  throb- 
bing. Never  forget  that  your  true  home  is  not  in  that  fort,  beside  those 
frowning  cannon,  not  on  that  tented  field  amid  the  glory  and  power  of  military 
array,  but  that  it  nestles  beneath  yonder  hill,  or  stands  out  in  sunshine  on 
some  fertile  plain.  Remember  that  you  are  a  citizen  yet,  with  every  instinct, 
with  every  sympathy,  with  every  interest,  and  with  every  duty  of  a  citizen.' 


156  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

"  Can  we  overestimate  the  influence  of  these  associations,  of  these  Soldiers' 
Aid  Societies,  rising  up  in  every  city  and  village,  in  producing  just  such  a 
state  of  mind,  in  keeping  the  soldier  one  of  us — one  of  the  people?  Five 
hundred  thousand  hearts  following  with  deep  interest  his  fortunes — twice  five 
hundred  thousand  hands  laboring  for  his  comfort — millions  of  dollars  freely 
lavished  to  relieve  his  sufferings — millions  more  of  tokens  of  kindness  and 
good  will  going  forth,  every  one  of  them  a  message  from  the  home  to  the 
camp  :  what  is  all  this  but  weaving  a  strong  network  of  alliance  between  civil 
and  military  life,  between  the  citizen  at  home  and  the  citizen  soldier?  If  our 
army  is  a  remarkable  body,  more  pure,  more  clement,  more  patriotic  than 
other  armies — if  our  soldier  is  everywhere  and  always  a  true-hearted  citizen 
— it  is  because  the  army  and  soldier  have  not  been  cast  off  from  public 
sympathy,  but  cherished  and  bound  to  every  free  institution  and  every  peace- 
ful association  by  golden  cords  of  love.  The  good  our  Commissions  have 
done  in  this  respect  cannot  be  exaggerated ;  it  is  incalculable." 

The  same  idea  was  developed  by  I)r.  Lieber  in  a  late  address.  Many  of 
our  citizens,  he  said,  were  in  constant  apprehension  of  the  appearance  of  some 
destroyer  of  our  liberties ;  of  the  apparition  of  The  Man  on  Horseback ;  of 
some  bold  soldier  and  bad  man  who  should  disperse  the  members  of  the  Short 
Session  as  Cromwell  did  those  of  the  Long  Parliament.  But  no  such  despot 
had  come,  and  there  was  no  evidence  of  any  temper  in  the  army  of  which  he 
might  take  advantage,  if  any  such  existed.  And  the  reason  was  that  the 
American  is  a  citizen  first  and  always,  and  a  soldier  but  for  a  few  years.  And 
though  absent  in  camp  and  surrounded  by  no  influences  but  those  of  war,  the 
constant  messages  from  home  and  the  unceasing  evidence  of  interest  from 
family  and  friends,  lead  him  to  prize  his  privileges  as  a  citizen  far  too  high  to 
enter  into  any  unlawful  schemes  of  ambition,  or  to  become  the  tool  of  any 
military  pretender. 

One  point  remains  to  be  alluded  to  before  we  dismiss  this  subject  of 
soldiers'  aid.  We  shall  have  occasion,  in  our  summary  at  the  close  of  the 
volume,  to  take  the  ground  that  not  more  than  half  of  the  supplies  and  stores 
collected  throughout  the  country  have  ever  been  recorded ;  that  is,  that  fully 
half  have  been  employed  in  such  a  way  as  to  preclude  their  entering  into  any 
general  account.  The  various  commissions  keep  careful  registries  of  every 
thing  which  passes  through  their  hands ;  but  stores  disbursed  independently 
by  this  aid  society  and  that  relief  association  throughout  the  country  are 
not  added  up  in  one  aggregate,  as  there  is  no  means  of  doing  it.  We  have 
already  seen  many  examples  of  this,  especially  in  the  first  year.  From  among 


IRREGULAR  WORK. 


157 


numerous  more  remarkable  cases  we  select  the  following  fact,  which  shows, 
by  implication,  how  much  must  have  been  irregularly  done  : 

At  the  close  of  the  year  1864,  the  officers  of  the  Sanitary  Commission  of 
New  Jersey  made  up  an  elaborate  schedule  of  the  contributions,  in  money  and 
in  kind,  of  every  town  and  neighborhood  in  the  state.  They  had  received,  it 
appeared,  from  the  large  and  flourishing  town  of  New  Brunswick  no  supplies 
whatever,  and  only  $44  in  cash.  The  Christian  Commission  had  received 
nothing.  Does  it  follow  that  New  Brunswick  had  done  nothing,  therefore  ? 
Not  at  all ;  but  it  had  done  its  work  independently.  The  records  of  the  New 
Brunswick  Aid  Society,  Isabella  Tannahill,  Secretary,  show  that  up  to  the  date 
of  the  making  of  the  schedule  just  mentioned  they  had  received  $4,030, 
from  donations,  memberships,  lectures,  and  concerts ;  and  that  they  had  sent 
sixteen  thousand  articles  to  regimental  hospitals,  to  battle-fields,  and  to  the 
state  agency  at  Washington.  A  state  of  facts  to  which  New  Brunswick  fur- 
nishes the  clue  should  be  distinctly  borne  in  the  reader's  mind. 

The  aid  societies  have  not  only  done  the  steady,  plodding,  summer  and 
winter  work  which  the  object  in  view  required  of  them,  but  they  have  from 
time  to  time  held,  or  have  taken  a  prominent  part  in,  certain  high  festivals  oi 
philanthropy  called  Sanitary  Fairs,  and  we  now  proceed  to  the  description  of 
these,  in  the  order  of  their  oc2urrence.  believing  that  we  can  thus  obtain  a 
better  insight  into  the  souls  of  the  people,  and  better  pluck  out  the  heart  of 
their  mystery,  than  in  any  other  manner. 


158 


THE   TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


CHAPTER     VI. 


"''-*  HE  inexorable  logic  of  facts  compels  us  to  commence  this 
chapter,  as  we  have  already  commenced  several,  with  a 
reference  to  the  city  of  Lowell,  undoubtedly  the  first  to  hold 
a  fair  for  the  benefit  of  the  Sanitary  Commission.  True,  it  was  not  upon 
the  same  scale,  relatively,  as  that  of  those  that  succeeded  it ;  but  the  great 
element  of  rivalry  did  not  come  into  play,  as  it  was  not  known  or  imagined 
that  the  example  would  be  followed.  Moreover,  the  idea  is  every  thing; 
and  the  idea  that  lay  at  the  foundation  of  the  Lowell  fair  was  absolutely 
the  same  as  that  which,  expanded  and  improved  upon,  formed  the  basis  of 
those  of  Chicago,  Boston,  and  the  other  fair-holding  cities.  The  following 
statement  is  furnished  by  an  eye-witness  and  participator : 

"  On  the  evening  of  the  24th  of  January,  1863,  a  score  of  ladies  assembled 
at  the  house  of  a  gentleman  in  Lowell,  at  the  request  of  his  daughters,  to  con- 
sider the  expediency  of  holding  a  fair  in  aid  of  the  Sanitary  Commission.  At 
first  it  was  only  intended  to  make  it  a  neighborhood  affair ;  but  as  they  talked 
the  cause  inspired  them  with  deeper  interest  and  stronger  faith,  and  before 
they  separated  they  had  not  only  decided  to  ask  the  co-operation  of  every 
religious  society  in  the  city,  Protestant  and  Catholic,  but  a  notice  was  written 
for  the  city  papers,  requesting  all  persons  interested  to  meet  at  a  place  specified 
on  the  following  Tuesday.  A  large  number  of  ladies  and  gentlemen  responded 


THE  LOWELL   FAIR. 


159 


to  the  call ;  a  plan  was  drawn  up ;  an  executive  committee,  composed  of  nine 
gentlemen  and  six  ladies,  chosen.  Committees,  with  a  chairman  for  each,  were 
appointed  for  each  department — decorations,  finances,  refreshments,  flowers, 
music,  printing,  &c.,  &c.,  each  to  hold  separate  meetings  and  report  to  the 
executive.  In  four  weeks  from  the  day  when  the  first  meeting  was  called, 
without  a  dollar  in  hand  or  an  article  prepared,  the  first  sanitary  fair  in  the 
United  States  was  opened — a  fair  which,  for  harmony  of  action,  beauty  of 
decorations,  system  and  order  of  management,  and  perfection  of  its  financial 
arrangements,  has  never  been  excelled,  if  equalled." 

In  acknowledging  the  receipt  of  the  proceeds,  Dr.  Bellows  wrote :  "  The 
zeal  and  liberality  of  your  community  have  been  conspicuous  in  every  turn 
of  the  war.  Your  repeated  contributions  to  our  stock  of  supplies  had  not  led 
us  to  anticipate  such  a  splendid  addition  as  you  now  offer.  You  would  have 
been  up  to  the  average,  if  you  had  stopped  where  you  were.  You  will  make 
it  very  difficult  for  any  community — this  side  of  the  Rocky  Mountains — to 
keep  pace  with  you,  now  that  you  pour  into  our  treasury  $4,850." 

How  just  and  apposite  it  was  that  Lowell,  which  had  given  the  first  blood 
and  buried  the  first  victims,  should  have  made  the  first  concerted  effort 
towards  stanching  other  blood  and  aiding  other  martyrs.  The  whirligig  of 
time  doth  indeed  bring  in  his  revenges. 

The  second  festival  for  the  benefit  of  the  soldiers  was  held  in  Chicago,  in 
October,  1863.  The  initiative  was  taken  by  Mrs.  A.  H.  Hoge  and  Mrs.  D.  P. 
Livermore,  associate  managers  of  the  Northwestern  Branch  of  the  Sanitary 
Commission — ladies  whose  humanity,  zeal,  and  labors  have  raised  them  to  the 
highest  places  in  the  annals  of  philanthropy.  Their  colleagues,  as  associate 
managers,  were  Mrs.  E.  C.  Henshaw,  of  Ottowa,  Illinois,  and  Mrs.  J.  S.  Colt, 
of  Milwaukee.  The  members  of  the  Northwestern  Branch  were  as  follows: 


President, 
E.  B.  McCAGG. 

Recording  Secretary. 
H.  E.  SEELTE. 


Vice-President, 
REV.  WM.  W.  PATTOX. 

Corresponding  Secretary, 
CYRUS  BEXTLEY. 


WESLEY  HUNGER, 


Treasurer, 
E.  W.  BLATCHFORD. 

Committee, 
B.  F.  RAYMOND, 


J.  K.  BOTSFORD. 


This  branch   of   the   commission   had   already  sent  to   the   field   thirty 
thousand  boxes  of  hospital  stores,  of  the  estimated  value  of  $1,500,000,  and 


160 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


its  treasury  needed  replenishing.  The  ladies  consulted  their  colleagues,  the 
gentlemen  of  the  commission,  and,  the  idea  being  approved,  issued  and 
distributed  throughout  the  Northwest  ten  thousand  copies  of  a  not  over- 
sanguine  circular,  in  which  the  sum  of  $25,000  was  mentioned  as  the  limit 
of  their  hopes.  In  one  day  the  industrious  laborers  mailed  seventeen  bushels 
of  letters  and  documents,  all  relative  to  the  proposed  fair.  The  co-operation 
of  the  press  and  the  clergy  was  earnestly  invited.  The  effect  was  soon 
apparent  throughout  the  interested  district;  meetings  were  held,  towns  and 
villages  were  pledged  for  large  amounts  by  their  enthusiastic  delegates ;  and  in 
the  mean  time  gifts  of  all  sizes  began  to  arrive,  pianos,  wringing-machines, 
wax  work,  stoves,  hides,  ploughs,  nails,  coal  oil,  native  wine,  pin-cushions,  and 
cameos.  Such,  was  the  avalanche  of  offerings,  we  are  told,  that  the  fate  of 
Tarpeia  seemed  to  threaten  the  ladies  forming  the  committee  of  reception.* 

On  the  27th  of  October,  inauguration  day,  the  courts  adjourned,  the  banks 
and  post-office  closed  their  doors,  the  public  schools  kept  holiday ;  for  once 
the  whole  machinery  of  the  bustling  city  stood  still.  The  procession  which 
opened  the  ceremonies  was  an  amazing  illustration  of  the  spirit  of  the  teeming 
country  of  the  West.  One  feature  of  it  was  peculiar  to  the  soil — the 
delegation  from  Lake  County,  one  hundred  wagons  laden  to  overflowing  with 
the  produce  of  the  garden  and  the  farm.  Potatoes,  blue,  pink,  and  brown, 
in  heaps ;  onions,  with  the  silver  skin ;  squashes,  which  must  have  known  of 
their  destiny  in  the  early  spring,  so  big  with  fate  were  they ;  cabbages,  beets 


*  The  Executive  Committee  of  the  Chicago 
MRS.  A.  K.  HOGE,    Chicago. 

D.  P.  LIVEKMOKE, 

0.  E.  HOSMER, 
W.  E.  FRANKLIN, 

1.  N.  ARNOLD, 
J.  C.  HAINES, 
FOLLANSBEE, 
JAS.  BOWEN, 
DR.  BIRD, 
AMBROSE  FOSTER, 
ROBINSON, 

N.  LUDINGTON, 

E.  ALLEN, 
DR.  HAMILTON, 
J.  MEDILL, 

E.  H.  HADDOCK, 
HAMILTON, 
L.  S.  COWDRET, 
Miss  EDWARDS, 
MRS.  TILTON,  Springfield,  111. 
"    E.  P.  SELBY,     "  " 

"    E.  H.  LITTLE,  Frceport,  111. 
"    E.  C.  HENSHAW,  Ottawa,  111. 


Fair  was  composed  of  the  following  ladies: 
MRS.  S,  L.  P.  JONES,  Monmouth,  111. 

"    Gov.  HARVEY,  Madison,  Wis. 

"    Gov.  SALOMON,        "          " 

"    DR.  CARK,  "         " 

Miss  LOTTIE  ILLSLEY,      "          " 
MRS.  L.  FISHER,  Beloit,  Wis. 

"    J.  H.  TURNER,  Berlin,  Wis. 

"    J.  S.  COLT,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

"    JUDGE  HUBBELL,  "  " 

Miss  EMMA  BROWN,  Ft.  Atkinson,  Wis. 
MRS.  BELA  HUBBARD,  Detroit,  Mich. 
Miss  VALERIA  CAMPBELL,       " 
MRS.  E.  ELDRED,  " 

Miss  M.  MAHAN,  Adrian,  Mich. 
MRS.  CASSICK,  Jackson,  Mich. 

"    EANKIN,  Flint,  Mich. 

"    COL.  LUMBARD,  Chelsea,  Mich. 

"    LYMAN,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich. 

"    N.  H.  BRAINARD,  Iowa  City,  la. 

"    DR.  ELY,  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa. 

"    J.  C.  MAY,          " 

"    Gov.  RAMSEY,  Minnesota. 

"    WRIGHT,  Waukegan,  111. 


THE   LAKE   COUNTY   DELEGATION. 


161 


TUB    LAKE   COUNTY   DELEGATION. 


and  turnips,  and  the  whole  anti-scorbutic  fraternity ;  barrels  of  cider,  kegs  of 
beer,  and  astride  of  the  kegs,  perched  upon  the  barrels,  and  rolling  among  the 
onions,  were  boys  by  the  cart-load,  Northwestern  boys,  boys  from  Lake 
County.  The  wagons  were  driven  to  the  Sanitary  Commission  rooms,  where 
they  were  unladen,  the  crowd  acting  as  stevedores.  This  magnificent  harvest- 
home  brought  tears  to  the  eyes  of  many  a  spectator,  and  would  have  done, 
doubtless,  had  the  onions  been  parsnips. 

One  of  the  most  interesting  donations  to  the  Chicago  Fair  was  the  original 
manuscript  of  the  Proclamation  of  Emancipation.  President  Lincoln  said, 
in  his  letter  accompanying  the  document,  "  I  had  some  desire  to  retain  the 
paper ;  but  if  it  shall  contribute  to  the  relief  and  comfort  of  the  soldiers, 
that  will  be  better."  It  was  bought  for  $3,000  by  T.  B.  Bryan,  President 
of  the  Chicago  Soldiers'  Home ;  and  we  shall  have  to  tell,  in  another  place, 
of  the  goodly  fund  the  proclamation  has  been  the  means  of  securing  to  the 
institution. 

The  management  and  operations  of  the  Dining  Hall  were  so  thoroughly 
characteristic  of  the  West  that  they  merit  description  in  detail.  The  city  was 
carefully  canvassed  for  donations  of  articles  of  food ;  a  record  was  made  of 
all  who  would  contribute,  of  what  they  could  furnish,  and  of  the  days  upon 
which  they  would  send  it.  The  aggregate  supply  for  each  day  was  thus 


162  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

ascertained.  Cooked  meats  were  also  received  from  without  the  city.  Michi- 
gan gave  enormous  quantities  of  the  finest  fruit ;  four  fifths  of  this  were  sent 
to  the  hospitals.  Game,  roasted  and  carefully  packed,  came  from  Grundy 
County,  Illinois.  Hereafter,  when  we  complain  of  what  Grundy  says,  let  us 
remember  what  Grundy  did.  Elgin  supplied  the  milk,  holding  a  monopoly 
at  which  no  one  grumbled.  The  ladies  of  Dubuque,  learning  that  on  certain 
days  there  would  be  a  deficiency  of  poultry,  hastened  home,  sent  their  best 
shots  to  the  woods,  and  the  fiercest  raiders  to  the  hen-coops.  The  threatened 
scarcity  was  averted  by  the  timely  arrival  of  one  hundred  roast  turkeys,  two 
hundred  ducks,  and  as  many  chickens.  That  these  were  sent  hot  to  the 
express  car  we  can  readily  believe ;  but  when  we  are  told,  as  we  are,  and  in 
print,  too,  that  they  were  brought  to  the  table  from  the  car  smoking  hot,  as 
if  they  had  just  left  the  spit,  we  hesitate.  "We  are  reminded  of  that  great 
traditional  culinary  mystery  of  the  four-and -twenty  blackbirds,  which,  when 
baked,  and,  doubtless,  "  smoking  hot,"  as  soon  as  the  pie  was  opened  at  once 
began  to  sing. 

Fourteen  tables  were  set  in  the  dining  hall,  with  accommodations  for  about 
three  hundred  guests  at  once.  Each  table  was  reset  four  or  five  times  daily. 
Six  ladies  were  appointed  to  take  charge  of  each  table  during  the  fair,  two  of 
whom  presided  daily — one  to  pour  out  coffee,  the  other  to  maintain  a  general 
supervision.  These  ladies  were  the  wives  of  Congressmen,  professional  men, 
clergymen,  editors,  merchants,  bankers,  millionaires — none  were  above  serving 
at  the  soldiers'  dinners.  Each  presiding  lady  furnished  the  table  linen  and 
silver  for  her  own  table,  and  added  such  decorations  and  delicacies  as  her 
taste  suggested  or  she  could  secure  from  her  friends.  "  The  waiters  were  the 
young  ladies  of  the  city — neat-handed,  swift-footed,  bright-eyed,  pleasant- 
voiced  maidens,  who,  accustomed  to  being  served  in  their  own  homes,  trans- 
formed themselves  for  the  nonce,  for  the  dear  sake  of  the  suffering  soldiers, 
into  servants.  Both  the  matrons  who  presided  and  the  pretty  girls  who 
served  were  neatly  attired  in  a  simple  uniform  of  white  caps  and  aprons, 
made,  trimmed  and  worn  to  suit  the  varied  tastes  and  styles  of  the  wearers." 

The  North  American  Review  thus  discourses  upon  certain  features  of  the 
Chicago  Fair : 

"  For  fourteen  days  the  fair  lasted,  and  every  day  brought  re-enforcements 
of  supplies  and  of  people  and  purchasers.  The  country  people,  from  hun- 
dreds of  miles  about,  sent  in  upon  the  railroads  all  the  various  products  of 
their  farms,  mills,  and  hands.  Those  who  had  nothing  else  sent  the  poultry 
from  their  barnyards ;  the  ox  or  bull  or  calf  from  the  stall ;  the  title-deed 


THE   CHICAGO   FAIR. 


163 


of  a  few  acres  of  land  ;  so  many  bushels  of  grain,  or  potatoes,  or  onions. 
Loads  of  hay,  even,  were  sent  in  from  ten  or  a  dozen  miles  out,  and  sold  at 
once  in  the  hay -market.  On  the  roads  entering  the  city  were  seen  rickety 
and  lumbering  wagons,  made  of  poles,  loaded  with  a  mixed  freight — a  few 
cabbages,  a  bundle  of  socks,  a  coop  of  tame  ducks,  a  few  barrels  of  turnips, 
a  pot  of  butter,  and  a  bag  of  beans — with  the  proud  and  humane  farmer 
driving  the  team,  his  wife  behind  in  charge  of  the  baby,  while  two  or  three 
little  children  contended  with  the  boxes  and  barrels  and  bundles  for  room 
to  sit  or  lie. 

"  Such  were  the  evidences  of  devotion  and  self-sacrificing  zeal  which  the 
Northwestern  farmers  gave,  as,  in  their  long  trains  of  wagons,  they  trundled 
into  Chicago,  from  twenty  to  thirty  miles'  distance,  and  unloaded  their  con- 
tents at  the  doors  of  the  Northwestern  Fair,  for  the  benefit  of  the  United 
States  Sanitary  Commission.  The  mechanics  and  artisans  of  the  towns  and 
cities  were  not  behind  the  farmers.  Each  manufacturer  sent  his  best  piano, 
plough,  threshing-machine,  or  sewing-machine.  Every  form  of  agricultural 
implement  and  every  product  of  mechanical  skill  was  represented.  From  the 
watchmaker's  jewelry  to  horse-shoes  and  harness  ;  from  lace,  cloth,  cotton  and 
linen,  to  iron  and  steel ;  from  wooden  and  waxen  and  earthen  ware  to  butter 
and  cheese,  bacon  and  beef:  nothing  came  amiss,  and  nothing  failed  to 
come,  and  the  ordering  of  all  this  was  in  the  hands  of  women.  They  fed 
in  the  restaurant  under  the  fair,  at  fifty  cents  a  meal,  fifteen  hundred 
mouths  a  day,  for  a  fortnight,  from  food  furnished,  cooked,  and  served  by  the 
women  of  Chicago ;  and  so  orderly  and  convenient,  so  practical  and  wise 
were  the  arrangements,  that,  day  by  day,  they  had  just  what  they  had  ordered 
and  what  they  counted  on,  always  enough,  and  never  too  much.  They 
divided  the  houses  of  the  town,  and  levied  on  No.  16  A  street,  for  five  tur- 
keys, on  Monday;  No.  37  B  street,  for  twelve  apple-pies,  on  Tuesday;  No. 
49  C  street,  for  forty  pounds  of  roast  beef,  on  Wednesday ;  No.  23  D  street 
was  to  furnish  so  much  pepper  on  Thursday  ;*No.  33  E  street,  so  much  salt 
on  Friday. 

"In  short,  every  preparation  was  made  in  advance,  at  the  least  incon- 
venience possible  to  the  people,  to  distribute  in  the  most  equal  manner  the 
welcome  burden  of  feeding  the  visitors  at  the  fair,  at  the  expense  of  the  good 
people  of  Chicago,  but  for  the  pecuniary  benefit  of  the  Sanitary  Commission. 
Hundreds  of  lovely  young  girls,  in  simple  uniforms,  took  their  places  as 
waiters  behind  the  vast  array  of  tables,  and  everybody  was  as  well  served  as 
at  a  first-class  hotel,  at  less  expense  to  himself,  and  with  a  great  profit  to  the 


164 


THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 


fair.  It  is  universally  conceded  that  to  Mrs.  Livermore  and  Mrs.  Hoge,  old 
and  tried  friends  of  the  soldier  and  of  the  Sanitary  Commission  and  its  ever- 
active  agents,  are  due  the  planning,  management,  and  success  of  this  truly 
American  exploit." 


THE  CHICAGO  FAIR   DINING  HALL. 


The  Curiosity  Shop  had  this  peculiarity  about  it,  that  it  occupied  a  court- 
room, and  that,  to  make  room  for  it,  court  was  adjourned  for  a  fortnight,  the 
adjourning  judge  giving  his  services  to  the  ladies.  The  hall  was  draped  with 
flags,  fourteen  captured  from  the  rebels  being  conspicuous.  A  counter  run- 
ning through  the  centre  was  covered  with  trophies,  guns,  bowie-knives, 
swords,  shells,  shackles,  camp-stools,  all  of  which  had  a  history.  There  was, 
of  course,  a  fragment  of  the  Constitution,  and  a  morsel  of  the  Charter  Oak. 
Aquanama,  a  chief  of  the  Menominees,  sent  his  photograph,  and  his  daughter, 
Emma,  three  bags  made  by  herself.  There  were  minerals,  shells,  iron,  copper, 
silver ;  a  snuff-box  that  had  crossed  in  the  Mayflower ;  a  copy  of  the  first  Bible 
printed  in  America ;  and  bracelets  detached  from  a  gigantic  Indian  skeleton, 
but  just  exhumed. 

In  the  Art  Gallery  were  collected  the  best  works  in  Chicago,  lent  for  exhi- 
bition by  their  owners.  Church.  Boutelle,  Kensett,  Rossiter,  Angelica  Kauff- 
man,  G.  H.  Hall,  Healy,  Gifford,  Cropsey,  Cranch,  were  worthily  represented. 
Some  raspberries,  neatly  done  up  in  a  leaf,  by  Hall,  and  suspended  by  a  nail, 


CHICAGO   INCIDENTS.  165 

attracted  the  notice  of  a  child,  who  so  asked  for  them  and  so  cried  for  them 
that  he  had  to  be  taken  from  the  room.  The  authorized  "  History  of  the 
Northwestern  Fair"  wishes  the  reader  to  infer  that  the  child  was  a  judge  of 
fruit,  and  thus  indirectly  paid  the  artist  a  high  compliment.  Why  not 
believe  him  a  judge  of  pictures,  and  thus  compliment  the  artist  still 
more  ?  He  may  have  been  an  epicure,  but  it  is  quite  as  easy  to  believe  him 
a  connoisseur ;  and  a  little  boy  weeping  because  his  father  denies  him  a  mas- 
terpiece, certainly  offers  as  pleasant  a  sight  as  an  urchin  crying  for  rasp- 
berries. The  success  of  this  exhibition  may  be  gathered  from  the  fact  that 
the  gallery  remained  open  a  fortnight  after  the  close  of  the  fair,  and  that  the 
whole  expenses  were  defrayed  by  the  sale  of  catalogues  ! 

A  series  of  entertainments,  rehearsed  for  the  occasion,  were  given  in  the 
evening  at  Metropolitan  Hall,  Mrs.  Livermore  being  deputed  to  preside  over 
the  department  of  public  amusements.  First,  a  concert  by  two  hundred  chil- 
dren dressed  in  white  and  crowned  with  flowers,  whose  every  song  was  en- 
cored ;  second,  an  exhibition  of  tableaux  upon  a  revolving  platform ;  third, 
another  series  of  tableaux  by  a  party  from  Detroit ;  then  a  concert ;  after  that 
an  olio  of  readings  and  recitations ;  then  a  promenade  concert,  more  tableaux, 
and,  finally,  two  lectures.  Nearly  $4,500  were  realized  by  these  well-spent 
evenings  at  Metropolitan  Hall. 

';The  Volunteer,"  a  daily  evening  newspaper,  edited  by  Mr.  Frank  D. 
Carley,  and  sold  by  young  maidens  acting  as  colporteurs — the  authorized  his- 
tory says  "  newsboys" — paid  its  own  way  and  $377  besides.  We  are  perhaps 
indebted  to  it  for  the  preservation  of  the  following  incidents  of  the  fair, 
which  are  worth  preserving  a  little  longer: 

A  small  sum  of  money  was  found  in  the  pocket  of  a  soldier  who  had 
died  in  a  southwestern  hospital,  and  was  forwarded  to  his  sister  at  home. 
Unwilling  to  apply  these  few  dollars  to  any  ordinary  use,  she  purchased  with 
them  a  quantity  of  zephyr  worsted,  and  with  her  own  hands  knit  an  afghan. 
offered  it  to  the  fair,  and  had  the  satisfaction  of  seeing  it  sold  for  $100. 

A  negro  woman,  who  had  made  her  way  north  from  Montgomery,  Ala- 
bama, brought  her  offering  to  the  fair,  saying  to  the  secretary :  "  Please, 
Missus,  may  dis  sheet,  what  I  got  wid  my  own  money,  and  stitched  wid  my 
own  hands,  be  sold  for  de  Union  sojers?"  The  sheet  was  sold  for  a  price 
which  would  have  been  liberal  for  a  shawl. 

Five  barrels  of  potatoes  came  to  the  fair  from  Como,  Illinois,  the  result  of 
the  summer's  farming  of  six  young  ladies,  who  had  planted,  hoed,  and  dug 
them. 


166  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Oreo.  H.  Harlow,  of  Pekin,  Illinois,  who  had  dedicated  a  portion  of  his 
garden  to  the  army,  sent  the  entire  yield  to  the  fair, — eleven  bushels  of 
potatoes. 

J.  W.  Durfee,  of  Quincy,  Illinois,  planted  two  acres  of  ground  with 
soldier  potatoes,  and  sent  the  whole  crop  to  the  fair,  reserving  from  it,  as 
likely  to  bear  a  blessing  with  them,  the  small  ones  for  seed. 

The  aggregate  of  children's  hoards,  gathered  from  tin  boxes,  savings' 
banks,  and  stockings,  amounted  to  several  hundred  dollars. 

Mrs.  Lucinda  Brewer,  of  Sterling,  Illinois,  a  lady  in  her  seventy-eighth 
year,  gave  eight  work-baskets,  twenty  pin-cushions,  and  twelve  iron-holders, 
made  from  a  bedquilt  seventy-two  years  old,  all  the  work  of  her  own  hands. 
Mrs.  Mary  Holbrook,  one  year  older  than  Mrs.  Brewer,  and  of  the  same  town 
— which  may  well  be  named  Sterling — gave  three  pairs  of  stockings  and  two 
pairs  of  mittens,  knit  with  her  own  fingers.  Mrs.  Lucy  Brown,  of  Norwich, 
Connecticut,  gave  a  pair  of  socks,  the  sixtieth  made  by  herself  since  the  war 
began.  Mrs.  Richards,  of  New  York,  eighty  years  of  age,  sent  an  afghan,  the 
product  of  her  own  busy  fingers  and  discriminating  taste. 

Calender  Ditter,  a  private  in  the  Sixth  Minnesota,  contributed  a  specimen 
of  what  he  called  jack-knife  jewelry,  in  the  form  of  a  pin  thus  composed :  the 
pink  centre  whittled  from  a  muscle-shell  found  in  the  Red  River  of  the 
North ;  the  octagon  from  a  buifalo  horn,  picked  up  near  Devil's  Lake ;  the 
white  from  a  muscle-shell  found  on  the  banks  of  the  Cheyenne ;  and  the  outer 
border  from  a  buffalo  horn,  found  near  the  head-waters  of  the  James. 
"Accept  it,"  wrote  private  Ditter,  "and  make  the  most  of  it." 

A  soldier,  who  had  given  one  leg  and  one  arm  to  his  country,  employed 
the  remaining  foot  and  hand  in  weaving  a  basket  of  Lake  Superior  osiers. 

The  Rev.  Mrs.  Isaiah  Hauser,  who  resided  at  Bijnour,  nine  hundred  miles 
inland,  northwest  from  Calcutta,  sent  to  the  fair  a  package  of  silkworms' 
eggs,  and  a  skein  of  floss  of  her  own  manufacture.  Mrs.  Hauser,  it  seems,  was 
the  wife  of  a  Methodist  missionary,  and  lived  in  the  district  which  was  the 
scene  of  Nena  Sahib's  rebellion.  She  carried  on  a  silk-growing  establishment, 
for  the  purpose  of  giving  employment  to  orphans  in  the  care  of  the  mission. 
Eggs  laid  at  Bijnour,  sent  prepaid  across  the  ocean,  exhibited  at  Chicago  ! 
They  were  bought  by  a  gentleman,  who,  doubtless,  remembered  the  days  of 
the  morus  multicaulis,  and  who  promised  to  let  the  world  know  if  eggs  from 
India  would  flourish  in  Indiana. 

With  a  soldier's  story  of  a  raffle  we  conclude  our  catalogue  of  incidents. 
"  A  brave  fellow  from  Chickamauga,  who  had  lain  for  weeks  in  the  hospital, 


A  RAFFLE   AT  CHICAGO. 


167 


came  home  to  Illinois  to  recover  his  health  and  heal  his  wounded  and  almost 
useless  limb.  His  wife  had  come  from  her  country  home  to  Chicago  to  meet 
him,  and  to  help  him  complete  his  journey.  He  said  to  her,  '  Mary,  I  must 
go  to  that  fair,  if  it  takes  my  last  dollar.  I  think  I  have  one  left.'  With  the 
help  of  his  wife  and  his  crutches  he  entered  the  bazaar,  and,  as  he  said,  '  was 
dazzled  with  its  brightness  and  carried  away  with  its  enthusiasm.'  It  was  an 
amazing  contrast  to  the  battle-field,  hospitals,  and  barracks  he  had  left  behind. 
The  glittering  pagoda  in  the  centre  of  Bryan  Hall  attracted  him,  as  it  did 
every  one.  An  elegant  cake-basket  was  being  sold  in  eighteen  shares,  at  one 
dollar  a  share.  '  I'll  take  a  chance  for  you,  Mary,'  said  the  wounded  hero, 
and  a  half  shadow  fell  over  the  face  of  his  wife,  as  she  saw  his  last  dollar  go. 
The  shares  were  all  sold — the  drawing  commenced,  and  to  our  wounded 
brave  from  Chickamauga  was  delivered  the  cake-basket.  Such  delight  as 
there  was  over  the  good  luck  of  the  wounded  soldier !  '  I  thought  the  ladies 
would  have  carried  me  on  their  shoulders,  when  my  name  was  called  as  the 
lucky  one,'  said  the  happy  fellow  afterwards,  when  telling  the  story,  '  they 
were  so  glad  I  drew  the  cake-basket — God  bless  'em ! ' ' 

The  Chicago  Fair  brought  into  the  treasury  exactly  three  times  as  much 
as  the  most  sanguine  had  dared  to  hope.  To  the  Women  of  the  Prairie  be 
the  credit,  as  is  most  justly  due. 


ELLSWORTH  ZOUAVE  UEILL. 


The  following  are  the  footings  of  the  various  departments  of  the  fair,  and 
the  grand  total : 

Total  cash  receipts $22,083  97 

Admissions  and  sales 41,423  25 

German  department,  Mrs.  Governor  Salomon,  of  Wisconsin 3,799  95 


168 


THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 


Net  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  "The  Volunteer,"  Fair  Newspaper $377  15 

Art  Gallery  receipts 3,726  75 

Dining  Hall  receipts 6,409  23 

Metropolitan  Hall  Entertainments 4,419  10 

Proceeds  of  Ellsworth  Zouave  Drill 141  00 

Sale  of  the  original  manuscript  of  the  Proclamation  of   Emancipation,  contrib- 
uted by  Abraham  Lincoln 3,000  00 

Supplies  not  used  and  sent  to  the  army,  market  value ...  4,665  61 


Total $90,048  01 

Deduct  expenses 11,365  12 


Net  proceeds $78,682  89 


The  following  list  gives  a  fair  idea  of  the  variety  and  value  of  the  con- 
tributions of  goods,  and  of  the  extent  to  which  an  interest  in  the  enterprise 
had  spread : 


ILLINOIS. 


Workmen  on  Rock  Island  R.  R., 
Northwestern  R.  R.,  Illinois 
R.  R.,  Steinmetz  H.  R.  R.,  one 
steam  engine  

Peter  Dwine,  boiler,  &c 

S.  M.  Fassett,  card -pictures,  pho- 
tographs, &c 

Eagle  Works  Manufacturing  Co. 
(every  workman  subscribing), 
one  steam  engine 

H.  B.  Mason,  80  acres  of  land . . 

G.  A.  Taylor,  160  acres  of  land. 

Alanson  Reed,  piano  and  organ, 

Root  &  Cady,  piano 

Phaeton  buggy  from  Novelty 
Carriage  Works ;  goats  from 
Hon.  John  D.  Sargent  of 
Durant,  Iowa;  harness,  from 
J.  H.  Williamson,  and  minia- 
ture barn  from  Robert  Mo- 
Clnre  

Barnaul  Brothers  toys' 

Zenas  Cobb  &  Son,  plough  .... 

James  H.  Hoes,  silver-plated 
ware 

Mrs.  J.  B.  Drake,  clock 

Nowlin  &  McElwain,  silver- 
plated  ware 

Jessup,  Kennedy  &  Co.,  silver- 
plated  ware 

Bnrley  &  Tyrrell,  china 


155  00 


500  00 
400  00 
500  00 
725  00 
500  00 


300  00 
50  00 
75  00 

80  00 
60  00 

75  00 

50  00 
56  50 


J.  A.  Smith,  furs $50  00 

Mrs.  Eben  Higgins,  afghan  ....  75  00 

H.  W.  Austin,  hardware 55  00 

E.  Bixby,  hardware 50  00 

Geo.  E.  Gerts  &  Co.,  brushes.  . .  60  00 

A.  Ortmayer,  saddles 58  00 

Palmer     <fe    Plamondel,    grain- 
separator  90  00 

Collins  &  Burgie,  stoves 86  00 

Alderman  G.  Himrod,  stove 88  00 

IT.  R.  Caberey,  embroideries    . .  76  00 
Fairbanks,    Greenleaf     &    Co., 

scales 300  00 

A.  Booth,  oysters 150  00 

Baxter  &  Co.,  millstones 200  00 

Easter  &  Gammon,  mower  ....  150  00 

AY.  W.  Kitnball,  parlor  organ  .  .  110  00 

C.  H.  McCormick  &  Bro.,  riker.  165  00 

Chicago  Gas  Light  and  Coke  Co.  163  75 

Thomas  S.  Dickerson,  scales..  .  .  100  00 

J.  T.  Ryerson,  thresher 125  00 

Bowen  Brothers,   saddlery,  &c.  170  00 

Giles,  Brother  &  Co.,  clock 100  00 

Peter  Schuttler,  lumber  wagon .  95  00 
Lafflin,    Smith     &    Bois,    gun- 
powder   104  00 

Fuller,  Warren  &  Co.,  stove 150  00 

Jewett  &  Root,  stoves 125  00 

A.  II.  Blackall,  coffee 100  00 

W.  R.  Wood,  cloak 70  00 

Mrs.  Mahlon  Ogden,  doll 50  00 


THE    CHICAGO    FAIR 


169 


W.  B.  Keen  &  Co.,  books $50  45 

Scanlon  &  Brothers,  candy.  ...  56  00 

Fuller,  Finch  &  Fuller,  drugs.  .  90  00 

Wright,  confectioner 50  00 

Fargo  &  Bill,  boots 50  00 

Gilette,  Whitney  &  Co.,  boots . .  50  00 

A.  D.  Tittsworth  &  Co.,  clothing  70  00 

Scott  &  Keene,  coat 50  00 

Wm.  Ross  &  Co.,  silk  dress  ....  50  00 

Mrs.  Stowe,  bonnet 50  00 

Mrs.  Masson,  bonnet    50  00 

II.  Cook  &  Co.,  oysters 200  00 

Mr.  Peeke,  a  Magdalen 200  00 

R.  F.  Reed,  picture 100  00 

Singer  Manufacturing  Co.,  sew- 
ing-machines    152  00 

J.    Connell  &  Co.,   sewing-ma- 
chines    160  00 

Mr.  Aiken,  knitting-machine. ..  75  00 

Unity  Church,  fancy  goods  ....  400  00 

Ladies  of  the  Clifton  House 80  00 

A.  II.  Ilovey  and  family,  goods, 

besides  a  cash  donation 60  00 

G.  T.  Healy,  portrait  of  Daniel 

Webster,  and  other  pictures. .  550  00 

Mrs.  Hobart,  profit  on  books. . .  100  00 
Barber  &  Hawley,  Decatur,  one 

mower,  one  harvester,  &c. . . .  440  00 
Mrs.   J.   H.    Miller,     Blooming- 
ton,  wreath,  one  year  in  ma- 
king    100  00 

R.  J.  Bennet,  Diamond  Lake,  100 
fine  potatoes,  many  of  them 

selling  for  $1  each 40  00 

Citizens  of  Elk,  22  wagon-loads 

of  produce 500  00 

D.  C.  Scofield,  Elgin,  evergreen,  50  00 
Citizens  of  Fremont,  20  loads  of 

produce 412  00 


Madam  J.  S.  Canfield  and  Mrs. 
M.  Drake,  together  with  the 
young  women  in  the  cloak 
room  of  Wm.  Ross  &  Co., 
who  gave  the  material,  fancy 
goods  made  after  business 
hours 

Mrs.  Senator  Trumbull,  photo- 
graphic  album,  with  auto- 
graphs 

Mrs.  Win.  E.  Doggett,  album.  . . 

J.  C.  Carbutt,  card  pictures 

Alfred  H.  Wise,  Freeport,  grain 
drill 

Geo.  W.  Brown,  Galesburg,  and 
his  workmen,  one  corn-planter, 
besides  produce 

D.  H.Sherman,  Goodale,  wagon 
load  of  produce 

Dillman  &  Co.,  Julien,  reaper, 
&c 

Farmers  of  Libertyville,  5  loads 
of  produce 

Charles  II.  Deere,  Moline,  3 
ploughs  

Clark  &  Utter,  Rockford,  sugar- 
cane crusher 

Thompson  &  Co.,  and  their 
workmen,  do.,  reaper,  &c  . . . 

J.  T.  Robertson,  do.,  dressing- 
gown 

Chas.  M.  Pike,  Springfield,  bust 
of  Secretary  Chase,  &c 

S.  M.  Coe,  St.  Charles,  sewing- 
machine 

Citizens  of  Warren,  produce. . . 

Citizens  of  Wauconda,  produce. 

Soldiers'  Aid  and  Needle  Picket 
Societies  of  Illinois,  say 


52  00 
103  00 
200  00 
110  00 

80  00 
100  00 
145  00 

75  00 
300  00 


MICHIGAN. 
Mrs.    James,      Grand     Rapids,  C.  B.  Blair,  Michigan  City,  5  bbls. 

Turkish  table $100  00  of  cranberries 

Soldiers'  Aid  Societies,  say 900  00 


5,000  00 


$40  00 


MINNESOTA. 
Soldiers'  Aid  Societies,  say $250  00 


WISCONSIN. 

Geo.  Dyer  &  Co.,    Milwaukee,                            H.   L.   Broughton,    Milwaukee, 
silver-plated  buggy  harness   .         $65  00  sewing   machine 


$58  00 


1 70 


THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 


Mrs.  G.  W.  Allen,  Milwaukee, 
baskets  and  bouquet  of  im- 
mortelles, &c 

Sherwin,  Norwell  &  Pratt,  Mil- 
waukee, silk  dress,  point  lace 
handkerchief,  &c 

Sexton  Brothers,  Milwaukee, 
dry  goods  

Mrs.  Dunn,  Milwaukee,  bonnet 
and  head-dress 

Wells  &  Simonds,  Milwaukee, 
clothing 

Miss  E.  Miller,  Milwaukee,  hair 
bracelet  

Blair  &  Persons,  Milwaukee,  sil- 
ver-plated ware 

Bradford  Brothers,  Milwaukee, 
dry  goods  

Bradley  &  Metcalf,  Milwaukee, 
shoes  . , 


Hortsman,  Brother  &  Co.,  Phil- 
adelphia, presentation  sword, 
belt,  and  sword-knot 

Also,  a  set  of  embroidered  re- 
galia, I.  O.  of  O.  F 

I).  Landreth  &  Son,  Philadel- 
phia, 100  boxes  garden  seed. . 

Singer,  Nimmick  &  Co.,  Pitts- 
burgh, one  cannon 

Lyon,  Shorb  &  Co.,  Pittsburgh, 
one  sheet-iron  turret 

Also,  one  sheet  of  flange  iron . . 

Laughlin  &  Jones,  Pittsburgh, 
nails 

Spange,  Chelfant  &  Co.,  Pitts- 
burgh, nails 

Wm.  S.  Haven  &  Co.,  Pitts- 
burgh, blank-books  and  sta- 
tionery   

Citizens  of  Pittsburgh,  fancy 
articles,  &c 

Bissell  &  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  grate 
and  fender.  . 


105  84 


50  00 


60  00 


50  00 


50  00 


Mr.  Van  Cott,  Milwaukee,  plated 
ware 

E.  W.  Skinner,  Madison,  sugar- 
cane mill 

Mrs.  B.  H.  Hopkins  and  other 
ladies  of  Madison,  an  afghan, 
worth 

Citizens  of  Oshkosh,  various  ar- 
ticles  

J.  J.  Case  &  Co.,  Racine,  thresh- 
ing-machine   

Rev.  John  Reynard,  Shullsburg, 
a  large  specimen  of  Galena 
iron  pyrites  and  blende 

Ladies  of  Shullsburg,  a  cabinet 
and  collection  of  minerals, 
worth 

George  Esterly,  White  Water, 
reaper  and  mower 

Soldiers'  Aid  Societies,  say. . . . 


PENNSYLVANIA. 

R.    C.    Townsend,    Pittsburgh, 

rivets 

$200  00         Hailman,  Rahm   &    Co.,    Pitts- 
burgh, axles,  carriage-springs, 

100  00  &c 

Zug,  Painter  &  Co.,  Pittsburgh, 

200  00  20  kegs  nails 

McKnight    &    Co.,    Pittsburgh, 

150  00  12  kegs  nails 

James  Wood  &  Co.,  Pittsburgh, 

100  00  20  kegs  nails 

130  00         Lloyd   &  Black,  Pittsburgh,  19 

kegs  nails 

100  00         Megraw's    Banner,    Pittsburgh, 

one  box  tobacco 

100  00         H.  Childs  &  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  5 

boxes  cotton  batting   

J.  M.  Spence,  Pittsburgh,  one  vel- 

150  00  vet  cloak 

Miss    Addison,    Pittsburgh,  en- 

2,000  00  graving  and  oil  painting 

Trevor  McClurg,  Pittsburgh,  2 
175  00  oil  paintings 


NEW  YORK. 

Alexander  T.  Stewart,  New  John  H.  Williams,  New  York, 
York,  one  India  camel's  hair  one  proof  copy  of  Church's 
shawl $800  00  picture  of  Niagara 

Other  articles  .  .  100  00 


$40  00 
90  00 

40  00 
130  00 
450  00 

150  00 

700  00 

150  00 
3,000  00 

$60  00 

73  00 
110  00 

66  00 
100  00 
104  50 

50  00 

58  80 
200  00 

40  00 
400  00 

$50  00 


THE    BOSTON    FAIR. 


171 


Capt.  Jay  &  Co.,  New  York, 
Chinese  and  Japanese  goods . . 

Hudson's  Coffee  Mills,  New 
York,  100  Ibs.  best  Java 
coffee 

Messrs.  Meeker  and  Maidhof, 
New  York,  fancy  goods 

Mrs.  S.  S.  Osgood,  New  York, 
oriental  album  and  cameo. . 


Mr.  Gabriel  Carpenter,  Cedar 
Rapids,  lot  in  Cedar  Rapids, 
No.  4  in  block  No.  10. . 


Ladies  of  Hartford,  goods. .... 

Treat  &   Linsley,  New   Haven, 

one  melodeon 


Checkering  &  Son,  Boston,  piano 
Professors   Agassiz    and    Long- 
fellow,   Cambridge,   fine   col- 
lections of  their  works. 


50  00 


66  00 


100  00 


Appleton  &  Co.,  New  York,  one 

set  Encyclopedia,  16  vols. . . .  $64  00 
The  American  Watch  Co.,  silver 

hunting  Bartlett  watch 60  00 

Daniel  Ripley,  New  York,  200 

Ibs.  Java  coffee 100  00 

Carter  &  Brother,  New  York, 

books 50  00 

J.  P.  Hale,  New  York,  piano. . .  500  00 


IOWA. 

Mrs.  L.  Bellows,  Lyons,  case  of 

wax  flowers $40  00 

00         Soldiers'  Aid  Societies,  say 1,000  00 


CONNECTICUT. 

$154  10        Miss    E.    C.    Greene,    Norwich, 

embroidered  saddle $100  00 

200  00         Soldiers' Aid  Society  of  Norwich        400  00 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

$600  00  James  M.  Barnum,  Boston,  a 
large  and  valuable  collection 
of  china  vases,  cameos,  albums, 
and  curiosities $500  00 


Chicago,  at  first  satisfied  with  the  result  of  her  fair,  but  afterwards  dis- 
contented with  it,  determined  to  try  again.  She  held  her  second  fair  in  May 
and  June,  1865,  of  which,  in  time  and  place,  we  shall  make  due  record. 

The  next  fair,  in  order  of  date,  was  that  of  Boston,  which  opened  on  the 
14th  of  December,  1863.  As,  however,  we  have  not  space  to  give  the  details 
of  more  than  one  fair  in  a  city,  and  as  the  reasons  why  we  should  give  the 
preference  to  the  National  Sailors'  Fair,  held  in  Boston  in  the  fall  of  1864, 
are  too  obvious  to  require  mention,  we  make  no  further  reference  to  the  first, 
merely  chronicling  the  fact  that  the  net  proceeds  were  about  $146,000.*  In 
the  case  of  Chicago  and  Boston,  the  spirit  of  emulation  was  not  called  into 
play,  while  in  that  of  Cincinnati  and  Brooklyn  it  very  evidently  was.  The 


*  The  figures  are  as  follows  : 

Admission  fees 825,777  40 

Sales,  Exhibitions,  Curiosity  Shop,  &c 127,881  57 

Total  receipts $153,658  97 

Deduct  expenses 7,708  12 

Net  receipts $145,950  85 

This  proportion  of  expenses  to  receipts  ie  the  smallest  in  the  series. 


172 


THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 


later  a  fair  in  the  series,  the  greater  the  momentum  acquired.  Had  the  New 
York  fair  been  held  first,  no  one  can  believe  that  it  would  have  yielded  a  mil- 
lion and  over.  Boston  and  Chicago,  the  earliest  in  the  list,  were  conscious 
of  the  disadvantages  under  which  they  labored;  and  both  of  them  have 
held  a  second  fair  to  make  up  for  the  confessed  short-comings  of  the  first. 
Count  the  two  fairs  as  one,  and  Boston  and  Chicago  have  done  as  well  as  the 
best. 

And  now  comes  Eochester.  The  Aid  Society  of  this  city  had  considered 
the  plan,  during  the  summer  of  1863,  of  securing  a  regular  income  by  means 
of  monthly  subscriptions,  and  the  city  was  divided  into  districts,  that  it 
might  be  effectually  canvassed.  It  proved  impossible,  however,  to  find 
persons  willing  to  undertake  the  thankless  task.  As  every  thing  had  been 
done  in  the  way  of  concerts,  lectures  and  entertainments,  which  seemed 
likely  to  produce  favorable  results,  there  seemed  no  device  left,  which  had 
proved  of  service  elsewhere,  but  a  fair  or  bazaar ;  but  the  prevailing  opin- 
ion was,  that  however  successful  schemes  of  this  sort  had  been  in  Buffalo, 
&c.,  they  would  never  do  in  Rochester.  An  incident  occurred  in  September, 

however,  which  showed 
the  absolute  necessity 
of  harmonizing  con- 
flicting views,  and  of 
buckling  on  the  har- 
ness in  earnest,  and  this 
incident  was  the  dis- 
covery, on  balancing 
the  accounts,  that  there 
was  a  reserve  in  the 
treasury  of  exactly  ONE 
CENT. 

The  energy,  zeal,  and  ingenuity,  which  had  thus  far  lain  dormant  in  the 
Rochester  breast,  now  awoke  to  action.  A  standing  committee  on  finance  was 
appointed,  whose  duty  it  was  to  invent,  devise,  or  otherwise  procure,  the  means 
of  raising  money,  and  a  Christmas  fair  was  unanimously  decided  upon.  Two 
ladies  were  sent  to  Buffalo,  to  take  counsel  with  and  advice  from  ladies  who 
had  labored  successfully  in  a  similar  enterprise  there.  The  Buffalo  ladies 
placed  at  the  disposal  of  their  Rochester  colleagues  any  properties  and  appli- 
ances remaining  from  their  own  bazaar ;  the  use  of  Corinthian  Hall  was  prom- 
ised by  its  public-spirited  proprietor ;  the  Gas  Company  proffered  illumination 


DISCOVERY    OF    A    BALANCE   OK    ONE   CENT. 


THE    ROCHESTER    CHRISTMAS    BAZAAR.  173 

without  measure  and  without  metre.  Messrs.  Sherlock  &  Sloan  supplemented 
this  generous  proposal  by  another  equally  so — to  furnish  and  put  up  the 
necessary  fixtures  to  enable  the  now  doubly  gratuitous  gas  to  burn,  whether 
in  single  jet  or  in  national  coruscations.  Three  gentlemen,  whose  assistance, 
offered  in  days  of  discouragement,  entitled  them  to  the  title  of  "  Lafayettes  of 
the  cause,"  Messrs.  Eeynolds,  Searle,  and  Wilder,  commenced  their  artistic 
and  patient  labors ;  Messrs.  Frost  and  Brothers  (Jack  of  that  name  not  being 
one  of  the  firm),  who  dealt  in  trees  and  plants  and  flowers,  offered  to  build 
and  furnish  a  landscape  from  their  nursery,  and  call  it  Fairy  Land ;  the  owner 
of  the  Eochester  Athenaeum  lent  it  for  an  exhibition  of  pictures ;  Corinthian 
Hall  was  insured  and  the  receipted  bill  handed  in  by  a  party  of  gentlemen ;  so 
that  all  concerned  now  felt  that  the  ice  of  discouragement  was  broken  up. 
"A  vortex  of  interest  was  plainly  perceptible,  drawing  the  whole  community 
into  its  whirling  current ;  woe,  now,  to  any  adverse  plans  and  purposes  that 
ventured  near  the  outer  edge  of  this  fatal  maelstrom,  for  they  were  sure  to  be 
wrecked." 

The  principal  committees  of  the  Kochester  Christmas  Bazaar  were  thus 
composed : 

COMMITTEE    OF    ARRANGEMENTS. 

Mrs.  W.  B.  "Williams,  Chairman ;  Mrs.  L.  Farrar,  Mrs.  H.  A.  Brewster,  Mrs.  George  P. 
Townsend,  Mrs.  ^L.  Gardner,  Mrs.  A.  S.  Mann,  Miss  R.  B.  Long,  Mrs.  J.  W.  Bissell,  Mrs. 
George  H.  Mumford,  Mrs.  O.  Robinson,  Mrs.  L.  C.  Smith,  and  Mrs.  H.  L.  Ver  Valin. 

BOOTH    COMMITTEES. 

Russian. — Mrs.  George  P.  Townsend,  Chairman ;  Misses  E.  Breck,  M.  Craig,  Mrs.  M.  O. 
McCloskey,  and  Mr.  T.  Tone. 

Turkish. — Mrs.  C.  F.  Smith.  Chairman;  Mrs.  J.  H.  Brewster,  Mrs.  J.  Hart,  and  Mr. 
J.  Ely. 

Italian. — Miss  E.  L.  Smith,  Chairman;  Misses  F.  Biden,  E.  Fulton,  E.  McKay,  M.  Selig- 
man,  and  Mr.  O.  Palmer. 

Irish. — Mrs.  Hone  and  Mrs.  Tone,  Chairmen ;  Misses  K.  Allen,  Brennan,  Cunningham, 
K.  Kearney,  and  Mr.  Hone. 

Yankee. — Mrs.  M.  Rochester,  Chairman;  Mrs.  S.  Ives,  Miss  M.  Selden,  and  Mr.  L.  Ward. 

Side  Show. — Aid.  George  Darling,  Lecturer.  Showmen,  Messrs.  C.  Pond,  A.  Taylor,  and 
C.  Upton. 

National. — Mrs.  A.  S.  Mann,  Chairman ;  Mrs.  J.  Chamberlain,  Mrs.  R.  Milliman,  Mrs. 
George  Peck,  Mrs.  S.  W.  Updike,  Mrs.  H.  L.  Ver  Yalin,  Mrs.  J.  Ward,  Mrs.  E.  F.  Wilson, 
Misses  E.  Dwindle,  A.  Dwindle,  L.  Mitchell,  K.  Mitchell,  J.  Wilson,  and  Messrs.  H.  Hunt- 
ington,  F.  Mitchell,  and  Master  J.  Bissell. 

Shaker  (included  within  the  National). — Miss  C.  L.  Rochester,  Chairman;  Misses  S. 
Mather,  K.  Van  Every,  and  Mr.  Geo.  Elwood. 

Young  America. — Mrs.  B.  Viele,  Chairman ;  Jennie  Brewster,  Mary  Chapman,  Lilla 
Williams,  Bella  Strong,  Mary  Updike,  Maggie  Nichols,  little  Miss  Fairchild,  and  Miss  Morse. 

Gipsey  Tent. — Miss  C.  Guernsey,  Chairman;  Mrs.  S.  A.  Canfield,  Mrs.  T.  D.  Kempton, 
Misses  Wells,  and  E.  Woodworth,  and  Mr.  Woodworth. 


174  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Wigwam. — Mrs.  J.  Whitney,  Chairman ;  Miss  A.  Talman,  Mr.  S.  S.  Partridge,  and  Mr. 
F.  Talman. 

English  and  Scotch. — Miss  Alice  Lucas,  Chairman;  Misses  A.  Reed,  C.  Whitney,  L. 
Whitney,  N.  Williams,  Mr.  A.  Williams,  and  Master  Wilson. 

German  and  Swiss. — Miss  H.  Mumtbrd,  Chairman ;  Mrs.  W.  Bush,  Misses  Schermerhorn 
and  L.  Selden,  and  Mr.  F.  A.  Macomber. 

Chinese. — Miss  A.  Hyatt,  Chairman  ;  Misses  F.  Baltzall,  J.  Hyatt,  and  L.  Strong,  Mr.  11. 
Hyatt  and  J.  D.  Husbands,  Jr. 

French.— Mrs.  W.  II.  Ward,  Chairman ;  Mrs.  L.  W.  Clark.  Mr.  A.  Smith,  Miss  II.  Ward, 
Mr.  O.  W.  Perrin,  and  T.  W.  Whittlesey. 

Fairy  Land  Sooth. — Miss  J.  Selden,  Chairman ;  Misses  L.  B.  Northrop,  E.  Pitman,  H. 
Tompkins,  H.  Johnson,  and  Mrs.  W.  W.  liegeman. 

Confectionery. — Mrs.  T.  A.  Newton,  Chairman  ;  and  Mrs.  Carter. 

Cake  and  Cream.— Mrs.  E.  L.  Pottle,  Mrs.  A.  Morse,  Mrs.  E.  T.  Huntington,  Mrs.  J.  I). 
Husbands,  and  Mr.  E.  L.  Pottle. 

COMMITTEE    ON    REFRESHMENTS. 

Mrs.  W.  B.  Williams,  Chairman  ;  Mrs.  L.  C.  Smith,  Mrs.  E.  T.  Huntington,  and  Mrs. 
Amon  Bronson,  Chairmen  of  sub-committees. 

The  opening  ceremonies  took  place  on  the  evening  of  the  14th  of  Decem- 
ber. Success  is  usually  attested  by  a  jam,  and  one  fact  will  bear  witness  to 
the  tremendous  sensation  created  by  the  event.  Two  acres  of  people  strove 
to  be  the  first  to  pass  the  gate;  and  we  are  told,  upon  Rochester  authority, 
that  "  their  distracted  and  tumultuous  individual  experiences  painfully  showed 
what  success  they  had  had."  Another  authority  declares  the  pressure  to  have 
been  two  hundred  to  the  square  inch. 

The  bazaar  proper  was  divided  into  eight  international  booths,  the  Rus- 
sian, Turkish,  Italian,  Irish,  English  and  Scotch,  German  and  Swiss,  Chinese, 
and  French,  which  occupied  two  sides  of  the  hall ;  Fairy  Land,  a  combina- 
tion of  evergreen,  fruit,  flowers  and  perfumery,  filling  the  lower  end,  while 
the  National  Booth  held  the  center  of  the  upper  end ;  on  one  side  of  this 
was  the  Yankee  Booth  with  the  Side  Show  in  the  corner ;  on  the  other  side 
was  the  Childrens'  Department,  or  Young  America,  the  remaining  corner 
being  occupied  by  the  Gipsey  Tent  and  Wigwam.  On  the  first  few  evenings 
the  bazaar  was  opened  in  tableau,  the  tenants  of  the  booths  taking,  and  for 
some  minutes  maintaining,  attitudes  illustrative  of  their  nationality  and  occu- 
pation ;  this  idea,  though  theoretically  good,  proved  practically  unsound  and 
was  soon  abandoned. 

The  Russian  Booth  was  covered  by  a  snow-capped  dome,  with  ice-clad 
pines  around  it  to  enhance  its  suggestiveness.  The  thermometer  here  stood 
at  zero.  The  occupants  were  clothed  in  a  manner  befitting  the  clime,  and 
offered  for  sale  such  articles  as  are  usually  bought  in  cold  weather — skates. 


THE   BAZAAR   BULLETIN.  175 

mittens,  sleds,  furs ;  as  well,  also,  as  such  summer  articles  as  were  made  of 
Russia  leather. 

In  the  Turkish  Booth,  surrounded  by  oriental  trappings  and  attired  in 
luxurious  habits,  sat  or  reclined,  in  happy  indolence,  the  Grand  Turk,  smok- 
ing his  narghile,  the  Sultana,  the  Circassian  and  the  Greek.  Italy,  the  next 
door,  -represented  by  Roman  and  Calabrian  peasants  in  holiday  attire,  sold 
pictures,  statuettes,  and  vases;  farther  on,  ladies  clad  in  white  and  green 
offered  the  productions  of  the  Irish  looms.  England  and  Scotland  came  next, 
under  the  branching  horns  of  the  deer;  here  highland  laddies  and  their  lassies, 
attended,  and,  from  time  to  time,  serenaded  by  a  bag-pipe,  offered  the  wares 
of  Britannia,  with  no  Britannia  ware  among  them.  At  the  Swiss  and  Ger- 
man Booth,  Santa  Glaus,  attracted  by  evergreens  and  Christmas  trees,  had 
naturally  fixed  his  head -quarters ;  and  here  his  gifts  were  dispensed  by  Swiss 
and  Hungarian  peasants.  Just  on  the  other  side  of  the  partition,  enthroned 
in  glory,  sat  the  majestic  mandarin  and  the  daughters  of  the  moon ;  not  too 
dignified,  however,  to  dispose  of  the  nimble  fire-cracker  or  the  refreshing 
hyson ;  beyond,  was  the  vivacious  Frenchman,  assisted  by  madame  and  a  lively 
grisette,  incarnating  the  land  and  disposing  of  the  knicknacks  of  the  par- 
lezvous. 

Fairy  Land  was,  as  has  been  said,  a  landscape.  There  was  a  background 
of  rocks  and  trees ;  a  fountain  playing  against  it ;  flowering  plants  bloomed  in 
the  foreground,  wreaths  of  evergreen  hung  from  ceiling  to  pillar,  and  birds 
of  brilliant  plumage  perched  upon  the  trees.  Messrs.  Frost  furnished  the 
trees  and  flowers,  and  they  were  combined  into  harmonious  forms  by  a  gen- 
tleman who  must  have  foreseen  he  would  be  thenceforth  known  as  the  Otto 
of  roses.  Here  was  the  Candy  Arbor,  much  frequented  by  children ;  and 
hard  by  a  pyramid  of  perfumery,  where  the  odors  of  Araby  proclaimed  upon 
every  package  the  sums  in  which  they  had  been  mulcted  by  the  assessor  of 
their  district. 

Crossing  Corinthian  Hall,  we  noticed,  if  it  happened  to  be  in  the  day-time, 
a  number  of  tables,  seating  eight  persons  each,  forming  the  restaurant  depart- 
ment of  the  fair.  Here,  while  we  waited,  young  ladies  waited,  too.  Roch- 
ester approved  of  their  costume — and  so  doubtless  would  the  gallant  Earl  of 
that  name — consisting,  as  it  did,  of  a  red  skirt,  white  apron  and  garibaldi, 
and  blue  peasant  waist.  An  unscrupulous  journal,  known  as  the  ;'  Bazaar  Bul- 
letin," alluding  to  the  graceful  head-dress  worn  by  these  young  persons,  said 
that  it  "  capped  the  climax."  To  call  a  lady's  head  her  climax,  is,  perhaps, 
good  and  permissible ;  but  is  there  not  danger  that  we  may  soon  hear  of  an 


176  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

anti -climax  from  the  same  quarter,  and  be  told  that  it  means  a  lady's  heel  ? 
Such  license  should  be  discouraged. 

The  red  skirts  worn  by  these  young  ladies  were  made  of  the  flannel  pur- 
chased, and  to  be  afterwards  used,  for  soldiers'  shirts;  in  fact,  each  skirt  was 
composed  of  two  shirt  bodies  tacked  together,  to  be  separated  and  put  to 
their  legitimate  use  after  the  fair.  It  was  justly  thought  in  Eochester  that  no 
soldier  would  object  to  garments  having  such  a  history. 

We  have  crossed  Corinthian  Hall,  and  stand  before  the  National  Booth. 
This  was  as  large  as  any  three  of  the  international  subdivisions ;  and  ladies 
clad  in  red,  white  and  blue,  officiated  at  its  free-trade  altars.  In  a  subordi- 
nate department,  called  the  Shaker  Group,  Brother  Broadbrim,  aided  by  three 
sisters  as  demure  as  himself,  dispensed  the  products  of  Lebanon  industry, 
pennyroyal,  willow  ware,  valerian,  feather  fans,  and  apple  butter.  Young 
America,  personated  by  a  minor  major-general,  offered  juvenile  fancy  work, 
principally  the  gifts  of  boys  and  girls  of  his  own  age.  Fortunes  were  told 
in  the  Gipsey  Tent,  and  moccasins  and  bead  bags  disposed  of  in  the  Wig- 
wam of  the  Sachem. 

We  have  reserved  all  mention  of  the  distinctive  feature  of  the  Rochester 
Bazaar  for  the  end.  This  was  the  Yankee  Booth,  with  a  Side  Show  attached. 
The  booth  was  administered  by  the  firm  of  Jonathan  Slick  &  Co.,  consisting 
of  old  Mrs.  Slick  and  her  three  children,  Jonathan,  Sopuronia,  and  Jerusha. 
Sophrony  was  the  business  manager;  Jerushy,  just  returned  from  boarding- 
school,  and  having  a  soul  above  pursuits  so  grovelling,  held  herself  aloof. 
The  varied  products  of  New  England,  of  the  class  denominated  notions,  could 
be  bought,  seen,  drunk,  and  eaten  at  this  establishment;  you  might  buy  a 
jack-knife,  see  a  cherry-colored  cat,  drink  a  glass  of  cider,  and  eat  a  doughnut. 
The  animals  exhibited  at  the  Side  Show  were  for  the  most  part  political 
caricatures,  and  the  efforts  of  Mr.  Darling,  the  showman,  are  described  in  the 
local  chronicles  as  the  very  acme  of  humorous  eloquence. 

Outside  of  Corinthian  Hall  were  three  detached  departments  of  the 
bazaar — the  Art  Gallery,  the  Stereopticon,  and  the  Exchange  Street  Depot ; 
the  first  an  impromptu  and  beautiful  collection  of  paintings  and  statuary ; 
the  second  a  suite  of  rooms  for  the  sale  of  card  photographs,  of  albums,  of 
ambrotypes  in  carved  and  rustic  frames,  and  for  the  exhibition  of  stereoscopic 
views ;  the  third  a  store-house  for  the  reception  of  such  bulky  articles  as 
would  have  been  out  of  place  in  Corinthian  Hall.  Appended  is  a  statement 
of  the  profits  of  every  booth  and  division  of  the  fair : 


THE  ROCHESTER   ENCAMPMENT. 


177 


Russian  Booth $178  60 

Turkish  Booth 275  36 

Italian  Booth 104  87 

Irish  Booth 444  00 

Yankee  Booth  and  Side  Show ....  804  05 

National  Booth 1,130  56 

Shaker  Department 16100 

Young  America 211  08 

Gipsey  Booth 151  40 

Wigwam 142  93 

English  and  Scotch  Booth 508  00 

German  and  Swiss  Booth 429  78 

Chinese  Booth 267  10 

French  Booth 468  05 

Fairy  Land  Booth 47  98 


Confectionary  Department 126  31 

Cake  and  Ice  Cream  Table 273  47 

General  Refreshments 954  90 

Ticket  Department 3,261  27 

"  Bazaar  Bulletin" 13  50 

Art  Gallery 524  65 

Stereopticon 278  95 

Exchange  Street  Depot 43  00 

Donations  in  cash 570  42 

Sundry  sales 167  10 


Total $11,638  33 

Deduct  expenses 1,318  51 


Net  profit $10,319  82 


Tims  the  balance  of  one  cent  found  in  the  treasury  had  been  placed  out  at 
interest,  and  had  yielded  a  return  unparalleled  in  the  annals  of  usury. 

Encouraged  by  the  success  of  the  bazaar,  it  was  decided  during  the  follow- 
ing winter  to  have  another,  with  this  modification,  that  it  should  be  called  an 
Encampment,  that  the  booths  should  be  tents,  that  the  policemen  should  be 
sentries,  that  the  officers  of  the  occasion  should  congregate  at  "  Headquar- 
ters," and  that  a  mounted  cannon  and  a  palisade  of  muskets  should  assist 
these  martial  accessories  in  imposing  upon  the  credulity  of  visitors.  Such  an 
encampment  was  held,  and  a  tented  field  was  spread  upon  the  floor  of  Co- 
rinthian Hall.  Even  Santa  Glaus  became  imbued  with  the  military  spirit ;  no 
longer  descending  chimneys  like  a  burglar  or  visiting  stockings  like  a  ghost, 
he  donned  the  stars  of  a  major-general  and  camped  out  under  canvas.  The 
Side  Show,  which  had  helped  to  laugh  out  1863,  did  as  much  for  1864,  but  it 
was  done  under  the  strong  hand  of  military  law.  The  Living  Wax  Work 
was  similarly  honored ;  and  the  visitor  might,  under  proper  restraint  of  the 
bayonet,  hold  a  moment's  converse  with  Lady  Raleigh,  worry  Anne  Page 
with  curious  inquiries  as  to  the  suit  of  Master  Slender,  or  congratulate  Molly 
Stark  upon  the  general's  gallantry  at  Bennington. 

Armies  have  ere  this  been  held  fast  by  mud.  fleets  have  been  stranded  by 
the  storm ;  high  water  has  swept  away  pontoons,  and  low  water  has  left  gun- 
boats to  stretch  their  seams  upon  the  shoals.  Camps  have  been  flooded  when 
the  torrents  have  descended,  and  why  should  a  Christmas  Encampment  claim 
immunity  from  the  skies  ?  "  Oh  !"  exclaims  the  editor  of  the  "  Soldiers'  Aid," 
"  the  weather  was  our  most  inveterate  foe.  King  Boreas  arrayed  his  cohorts 
vigorously  and  pertinaciously  against  us.  Snow,  rain,  mud,  sleet,  wind,  and 
cold  were  called  into  requisition,  and  operated  in  every  conceivable  manner 

12 


178  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

throughout  the  entire  campaign  to  check  our  advance,  cut  off  our  supplies, 
and  drive  us  from  the  field.  That  we  were  able  to  maintain  our  ground  at 
all,  under  such  circumstances,  and  still  keep  the  good  Aid  Flag  flying,  is,  we 
claim,  a  victory." 

The  net  receipts  of  the  Encampment  fell  somewhat  short  of  $3,000 ;  but 
let  the  blame,  if  any  there  be,  rest  upon  the  meteorological,  not  military, 
authorities. 

From  Eochester  to  Cincinnati,  by  the  lightning  train.  But  before  speak- 
ing in  detail  of  the  Great  "Western  Fair,  the  next  of  these  festivals  in  order  of 
time,  a  word  or  two  are  necessary  upon  the  Cincinnati  Branch  of  the  commis- 
sion, under  whose  auspices  it  was  held. 

In  May,  1861,  one  of  the  United  States  marine  hospitals,  lately  erected  and 
not  yet  finished,  was  given  to  a  board  of  ladies  and  gentlemen  organized  for 
the  reception  and  care  of  sick  and  wounded  soldiers.  This  building  was 
stocked,  and  its  operations  carried  on  for  four  months,  without  cost  to  the 
country ;  in  August,  the  medical  director  of  the  department  took  charge  of  it, 
and  it  has  since  been  conducted  by  the  government. 

On  the  27th  of  November,  the  Cincinnati  Branch  of  the  Sanitary  Commis- 
sion was  formally  organized  at  a  meeting  of  the  gentlemen  who  had  received 
appointments  as  associate  members,  at  the  house  of  Dr.  Mussey.*  They  im- 
mediately commenced  their  labors.  A  Central  Ladies'  Aid  Society  for  Cincin- 
nati was  established,  the  co-operation  of  more  than  forty  ladies'  societies  being 
thus  secured  in  Hamilton  county  alone.  They  caused  the  camps  and  hospitals 
near  Cincinnati  to  be  subjected  to  inspection,  and  furnished  all  necessary 
relief.  They  were  present  in  person  at  Perryville,  Fort  Donelson,  and  Shiloh, 
calling  to  their  aid  the  services  of  the  best  physicians  and  surgeons  of  the 

*  The  organization  was  as  follows : 

President, 

R.    W.    BURNET. 

Vice- Presidents, 
GEO.  HOADLY,  LAKZ  ANDERSON. 

Recording  Secretary, 

8.  J.  BROADWELL. 

Executive  Committee, 

R.  TV.  BURNET,         THOMAS  G.  ODIORNE,         CHARLES  F.  WILSTACH. 

Geo.  K.  Shoenberger,  A.  Aub,  M.  Bailey,  Eli  C.  Baldwin,  Joshua  H.  Bates,  E.  S.  Brooks,  A.  E.  Cham- 
berlin,  Rev.  B.  W.  Chidlaw,  Charles  E.  Cist,  C.  G.  Comegys,  M.  D.,  Geo.  F.  Davis,  Charles  R.  Fos- 
dick,  L.  B.  Harrison,  James  M.  Johnston,  B.  F.  Baker,  David  Judkins,  M.  D..  Edward  Mead,  M.  D., 
Geo.  Mendenhall,  M.  D.,  W.  H.  Mussey,  M.  D.,  Henry  Pearce,  Elliot  H.  Pendleton,  Chas.  Thomas, 
Mark  E.  Reeves,  E.  T.  Robbins,  all  of  Cincinnati ;  Charles  Butler,  of  Franklin ;  James  McDaniel, 
J.  D.  Phillips,  R.  W.  Steele,  of  Dayton ;  David  S.  Brooks,  of  Zanesville. 

Treasury,  the  First  National  Bank  of  Cincinnati. 


THE  CINCINNATI  BRANCH.  179 

city.  They  contributed  to  the  equipment  of  thirty-two  steamers  running  in 
Western  waters,  transporting  supplies  and  bringing  home  the  sick  and 
wounded.  The  aid  rendered  on  the  Donelson  field  by  the  steamer  "  Allen 
Collier,"  chartered  by  the  citizens  and  stocked  by  the  commission,  saved  hun- 
dreds of  lives.  The  Collier  was  the  first  steamer  to  ascend  the  Cumberland 
after  the  battle ;  the  wounded  were  absolutely  without  medicines,  the  floating 
hospital  having  on  board  no  chloroform,  but  two  ounces  of  cerate,  no  meat,  no 
wood,  and  neither  a  spoon  nor  a  candlestick.  The  suffering  alleviated  by  the 
arrival  of  a  steamer  laden  with  hospital  supplies  can  be  imagined. 

The  members  of  the  Cincinnati  Branch  afterwards  travelled  thousands  of 
miles  on  their  errands  of  mercy ;  they  aided  the  government  -in  the  establish- 
ment of  eight  hospitals  in  Cincinnati,  and  Covington,  Kentucky ;  they  sug- 
gested and  assisted  in  the  labor  of  converting  Camp  Dennison  into  a  general 
hospital.  They  bought  furniture,  became  responsible  for  rent  and  the  pay  of 
nurses,  provided  material  for  the  supply-table,  hired  physicians,  and  in  num- 
berless ways  secured  that  full  and  careful  attention  to  the  care  and  comfort  of 
the  soldier  which,  from  inexperience,  want  of  means,  or  the  fear  of  responsi- 
bility, would  otherwise,  during  the  first  and  second  years  of  the  war,  have 
been  wanting.  In  May,  1862,  they  established  a  Soldiers'  Home,  where,  up  to 
the  close  of  1864,  eighty  thousand  soldiers  had  been  entertained,  three  hundred 
and  seventy-two  thousand  meals  having  been  furnished  in  that  time.  They 
interested  themselves  in  obtaining  a  burial-place  for  Ohio  soldiers  in  Spring 
Grove  Cemetery,  inducing  the  trustees  to  give  one  lot  gratuitously,  and  the 
legislature  to  buy  two  others  at  a  merely  nominal  price.  All  the  soldiers  who 
lie  in  the  first  lot  were  interred  at  the  expense  of  the  trustees. 

Up  to  the  time  of  holding  the  fair,  the  Cincinnati  Branch  had  received 
and  disbursed  the  following  sums,  excluding  $3,000  which  had  been  ap- 
propriated by  the  state  and  the  city,  with  which,  of  course,  we  have  nothing 
to  do: 

Donations  from  citizens  of  Cincinnati $38,265  73 

"  "  "         Ohio 14,42343 

Sales  of  nnconsumed  rations  at  Soldiers1  Home 2,175  52 

Donations  from  citizens  of  California 15,000  00 

Interest  and  premium  on  securities 5,655  00 

Total $75,519  68 

The  value  of  supplies  received  in  kind  during  the  same  period  was  not 
far  from  $1,000,000. 


180 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


ATE  in  the  fall  of  1863,  the  funds  of  the  branch  were 
running  low  and  the  calls  for  aid  were  by  no  means  decreas- 
ing. The  members  began  to  look  about  them.  The  peo- 
ple were  prosperous,  their  pockets  were  comfortably  lined, 
but  the  difficulty  appeared  to  be  to  get  at  them.  What 
was  wanted  was  an  effective  means  of  appeal.  "  Why," 
suggested  "  A  Lady"  in  several  of  the  daily  papers,  "  Chicago  has  lately  held 
what  they  call  there  a  Sanitary  Fair ;  why  not  have  one  in  Cincinnati — only, 
of  course,  a  much  better  one,  a  much  finer  one,  and  a  much  bigger  one."  The 
healthy  competition  existing  between  Cincinnati  and  Chicago  is  well  known. 
So  calls  were  issued,  meetings  held,  and  resolutions  approved ;  pretty  soon 
officers  were  elected,  committees  appointed,  and  a  conference  was  had  with 
the  ladies,  who  had  also  been  holding  meetings  and  passing  resolutions.  The 
two  segments  speedily  came  together,  and  the  papers  and  the  mails  very  soon 
teemed  with  earnest  appeals  for  assistance.  Christmas  was  coming,  and  it 
was  not  long  ere  the  sentiment  of  young  Ohio  was  pretty  unanimously  this : 
"Give  my  present  to  the  soldiers;  lean  wait  and  they  can't."  Thus  the 


THE  GREAT   WESTERN   FAIR.  181 

bread  was  thrown  upon  the  waters,  and  how  it  returned  may  be  told  in  a 
word :  there  were  more  holiday  presents  bought  than  ever ;  but  they  were  all 
bought  at  the  fair. 

The  following  officers  for  the  Great  Western  Fair  had  now  been  appointed, 
and  were  hard  at  work : 

President, 
MAJOR-GENERAL  "W.  S.  ROSECRANS. 

Vice- President,  Second  Vice-President, 

MAYOR   HARRIS.  MRS.  DR.  MENDENHALL. 

Treasurer,  Corresponding  Secretary, 

ROBERT  W.  BURNET.  JOHN  D.  CALDWELL. 

Executive  Committee, 

EDGAR  CONKLING,  D.  T.  WOODROW, 

CHARLES  REAKIRT,  BENJAMIN  BRUCE, 

CHARLES  F.  WILSTAOH,  L.  C.  HOPKINS, 

JAMES  DALTON,  CHARLES  E.  CISH, 

MRS.  HOSEA,  MRS.  "W.  F.  NELSON, 

MRS.  JOSEPH  TILNET,  MRS.  R.  M.  W.  TAYLOR, 

MRS.  JOHN  KEBLER,  MRS.  STARBUCK, 

MRS.  JOSEPH  GUILD. 

Not  long  after,  the  chairmen  of  the  various  sub-committees  reported  prog- 
ress. The  Building  Committee  were  erecting  two  mammoth  edifices,  four 
hundred  feet  long  and  sixty  wide.  Various  halls,  concert-rooms,  etc.,  had 
been  engaged,  and  preparations  were  in  a  forward  state.  The  Committee  on 
Transportation  had  made  an  arrangement  with  the  railroad  and  steamboat 
companies  by  which  the  latter  would  sell,  once  a  week,  during  the  contin- 
uance of  the  fair,  a  round-trip  ticket  at  half  price,  and  give  the  whole  to  the 
fair ;  and  this,  besides  carrying  all  packages  for  the  fair  gratuitously.  The 
Committee  on  Finance  had  obtained  about  $5,000.  The  Committee  on  Enter- 
tainments had  been  promised  a  night  at  the  Opera  House,  and  the  services 
of  the  Newport  Military  Band.  The  Committee  on  the  Entertainment  of 
Strangers  were  preparing  to  assume  their  hospitable  duties.  Every  thing- 
augured  well;  the  population  of  the  interior  towns  had  been  well  stirred, 
nay,  probed,  by  the  thousands  of  circulars  that  had  been  sent  them;  the 
railroads  were  already  beginning  to  groan ;  and  the  indications  were  abundant 
that,  as  the  President  of  the  Sanitary  Commission  had  ventured  to  pre- 
dict, Cincinnati  would  be  content  with  nothing  less  than  six  figures,  the  first 
figure  of  the  six  being,  at  the  very  least,  a  two.  One  hundred  and  nineteen 


182 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


ll? 


COMMITTEE   ON    ENTERTAINMENT   OF  STRANGERS — AT  WORK. 


organizations,  either  aid  societies,  churches,  circles,  or  schools,  had  signified 
their  intention  of  being  represented  by  delegates  or  tables. 

Two  of  the  devices  of  the  Fi- 
nance Committee  deserve  especial 
mention.  The  first  of  these  was  a 
proposition  that  persons  should  con- 
tribute to  a  fund  in  sums  of  $20, 
or  of  some  multiple  of  $20 ;  this 
should  be  invested  in  United  States 
Five-Twenty  Bonds,  and,  at  the 
close  of  the  fair,  one  quarter  of  the 
bonds  should  be  redistributed  to 
the  subscribers  by  lot.  Thus  a  con- 
tributor of  $20  might  get  a  $1,000 

bond,  and  yet  three  quarters  of  the  amount  subscribed  would  still  reach  the 
commission.  The  table  of  results  will  show  that  the  fair  obtained  some 
$4,000  from  this  source.  The  other  device  was  to  give  to  each  contributor 
of  small  sums,  from  $1  to  $10,  a  certificate  bearing  the  signature  and 
portrait  of  General  Eosecrans,  and  a  vignette  of  the  Goddess  of  Liberty. 
$10,000  were  produced  by  the  sale  of  these  certificates,  which  were  popularly 
called  "  Sanitary  Whitebacks." 

The  Great  Western  Fair  opened  on  the  day  appointed,  the  21st  of  Decem- 
ber. A  welcoming  address  by  Gen.  Rosecrans,  a  prayer  by  Bishop  Mcllvaine, 
"  My  Country,  'tis  of  Thee,"  sung  by  nine  hundred  children  of  the  public 
schools,  and  speeches  by  distinguished  gentlemen,  formed  the  ceremonial  of 
dedication.  The  fair  proper,  or  sale  of  goods,  did  not  begin  till  evening. 
Then,  according  to  all  accounts,  a  vision  of  beauty  burst  upon  the  astounded 
gaze.  The  spectator  was  regaled  with  a  glimpse  of  Fairy  Land.  He  saw 
before  him  wares  "  ranged  in  graceful  rows,  pendent  in  delicate  clusters,  or 
heaped  in  gorgeous  piles."  "  Ophir  had  disgorged  the  richest  plunder  of  its 
caverns."  One  circumstance  favored  the  Cincinnatians  exceedingly — the 
season.  It  is  true  that  the  Chicago  festival  had  been  set  in  the  gorgeous 
mounting  of  an  American  autumn,  and  had  profited  by  the  associations  of 
harvest  time  and  the  approaching  thanksgiving  ;  it  is  true  that  the  Philadel- 
phians  were  to  make  ready  to  greet  the  roses  and  the  buds  of  the  early  sum- 
mer; but  Boston,  New  York,  and  Brooklyn  would  receive  no  favor  from  any 
conjunction  of  the  stars,  no  extrinsic  aid  from  the  season,  the  time,  or  the 
hour.  Now  Cincinnati  had  chosen  the  very  witching  season  of  the  year, 


THE  COMMITTEE   ON  EVERGREENS. 


183 


WORK    OF   THE   COMMITTEE    ON    EVERGREENS. 


when  churches  are  dressed  in  the  green  that  neither  the  sun  nor  the  storm  can 
wither,  when  the  veriest  cabin  may  be  made  beautiful  with  boughs  of  cedar 
and  hemlock.  Santa  Glaus  had  promised  to  lend  Cincinnatus  a  hand,  and  he 
brought  not  only  his  pack,  but  his  robes.  Mozart  and  Greenwood  Halls  were 
embowered  in  green ;  the  forest  had  deserted  the  hillside,  and  was  visiting 
the  city  for  Christmas.  The  tables,  the  ceilings,  the  walls,  were  draped,  hung, 

festooned,  canopied  with  branches  ;  hot- 
house flowers  and  ruddy  winter  apples 
mingled  their  livelier  hues  with  the  dark 
sobriety  of  the  evergreen.  ~No  doubt 
the  literal  significance  of  the  scene  was 
that  of  a  mart,  a  place  for  buying  and 
selling,  for  barter  and  exchange ;  but  the 
fact  that  whatever  else  was  sold,  nothing 
but  oil  and  wine  were  to  be  bought,  no 
trafficker  sent  out  but  those  who  were 
provided  as  the  Samaritan  was,  with 
healing  for  wounds  and  moneys  with 
which  to  make  sure  of  bed  and  board 

for  the  sick  and  weary,  is  evidence  that  a  sanitary  fair  may  honorably  and 
reverently  deck  itself  in  the  sacred  Christmas  emblem. 

Inasmuch  as  the  25th  of  December  was  at  hand,  and  as  the  children  had 
asked  to  be  allowed  to  go  without  their  presents,  it  was  evidently  necessary  to 
lay  in  a  large  stock  of  Christmas-trees;  children  cannot  always  be  gratified 
in  their  desires.  Forty-four  were  accordingly  prepared,  and  placed  upon  the 
stage  behind  the  curtain  of  Greenwood  Hall.  When  all  was  ready,  and  the 
hush  of  expectancy  sufficiently  breathless,  the  curtain  was  raised  upon  the 
graceful  labor  of  the  Committee  on  Evergreens.  The  effect  was  tremendous. 
Small  hands  were  clapped  in  ecstasy ;  wee  voices  grew  gradually  louder,  and 
the  roar  was  so  overwhelming  that  the  welkin,  had  there  been  one,  would 
have  rung  again.  A  sorcerer  stepped  upon  the  stage.  This  was  not  pre- 
cisely Santa  Glaus,  though  he  possessed  the  power  of  whisking  off  Christmas- 
trees  to  the  homes  of  certain  persons  whose  names  he  had  the  mission  to 
pronounce.  His  spell  was  peculiar,  his  ceremonial  quaint,  and  his  utterance 
intelligible  only  to  the  few.  He  bore  a  hammer  in  his  hand,  he  repeated 
certain  cabalistic  words,  principally  numerals,  till  they  ran  into  and  over 
each  other  and  lost  all  coherence,  all  sense,  and  all  shape.  If  every  thing 
that  had  been  going  had  finally  gone,  there  would  have  been  nothing  left  in 


184  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

Cincinnati.  The  name  of  this  potent  spirit  was  Graff.  He  rehearsed  the 
word  dollar  so  often  during  the  evening,  that  at  the  end  of  the  ceremonies 
there  were  seven  hundred  and  thirty-seven  of  them  collected  upon  a  piece 


SALE  OF  CHRI8TMA8-TKEK8   IN   GREENWOOD   HALL. 


of  paper.  The  trees  were  sent  away  by  express-wagon  the  next  morning.  The 
whole  horticultural  department  was  a  triumph  of  nature  and  art — a  happy 
mingling  of  taste,  flowers,  skill,  red  apples,  and  evergreens. 

Omitting  all  mention  of  the  Gallery  of  Curiosities  and  Belies — briefly 
described  in  fifty-seven  pages  of  the  "  History  of  the  Great  Western  Fair" 
— and  merely  referring  to  the  exhibition  of  Fine  Arts  as  one  of  a  high  order 
of  merit,  we  come  to  the  sale  of  autographs  and  autograph  letters,  a  marked 
feature  of  the  fair.  Premising  that  the  receipts  from  this  department  were 
nearly  $1,700,  we  may  mention  a  few  of  the  items  that  formed  this  aggregate. 

O.  W.  Holmes  had  been  asked  "to  be  funny  over  his  own  signature," 
and  he  replied  in  his  most  facetious  vein,  sending  a  series  of  questions  and 
answers  in  natural  history,  wherein  instruction  was  insidiously  conveyed  in 
the  simple  guise  of  conundrums.  Two  specimens  must  suffice : 

"  What  instance  can  you  give  of  the  cunning  of  serpents  ? 

"  Ans.  The  simple  fact  that  they  secrete  their  venom  where  they  can 
find  it  when  wanted. 

"  Why  do  the  above  questions  amuse  you  more  than  the  answers  ? 


AUTOGRAPHS   AND  LETTERS.  185 

"Acs.     Because  the  person  who  asks  the  question  is  the  querist" 

J.  H.  Beard,  the  artist,  in  his  letter  of  reply  to  a  request  for  his  signature, 
said :  "  I  hope  you  will  not  take  it  unkindly  if  I  decline  sending  my  auto- 
graph. I  have  long  since  determined  never  to  let  it  go  into  the  market  again. 
You  will,  therefore,  present  my  regret  to  the  Sanitary  Commission.  Eespect- 
fully  yours,  J.  H.  Beard." 

James  Buchanan  expressed  the  hope  that  the  fair  might  have  all  the 
success  it  deserved. 

Fred.  Cozzens  had  been  asked  for  the  original  manuscript  of  the  "  Horse 
Episode,"  in  the  "  Sparrowgrass  Papers ;"  but  being  unable  to  find  it,  and 
supposing  that  it  had  got  into  the  pound,  he  sent  the  story  about  the  bugle 
instead. 

Mrs.  Paul  Akers  sent  a  poem,  and  William  Lloyd  Garrison  three  senti- 
ments, a  letter,  and  a  toast. 

Nathaniel  Hawthorne  contributed  letters  from  the  author  of  "  Tom  Brown," 
from  Mrs.  Gore  and  Dr.  Mackay. 

Generals  Grant,  Hooker,  Howard,  Grierson,  McClellan,  McDowell,  Meade, 
Pope,  Pleasanton,  and  many  others,  sent  letters,  autographs,  or  gifts. 

The  Eev.  John  Pierpont  forwarded,  from  his  desk  in  the  Treasury  Depart- 
ment, a  poem  in  eight  lines,  which  was  as  good  as  it  was  short. 

Archbishop  Purcell  and  Bishop  Kosecrans  sent  their  best  wishes,  accom- 
panied by  a  pair  of  very  fine  daggers.  These  were  not  Damascus  blades, 
nor  yet  stilettos  from  Toledo.  They  were  bloodless  weapons,  and  were 
sheathed  up  to  the  hilt  in  the  signatures,  thus :  f  John  B.  Purcell,  f  S.  H. 
Eosecrans. 

Buchanan  Eead,  not  content  with  exhibiting  pictures,  sent  poems  also. 
It  is  not  to  be  wondered  at  that  the  gentleman  who  preferred  the  works  of 
Claude  to  those  of  Lorraine,  and  who  was  in  Cincinnati  in  the  winter  of 
1863,  should  have  pronounced  Eead,  the  artist,  as  in  every  particular  the 
equal  of  Buchanan,  the  poet. 

General  Scott,  who  replies  not  to  private  requests  for  autographs,  sent 
six,  attached  to  as  many  photographs,  to  Cincinnati. 

John  Sherman  obtained  for  the  fair  an  autograph  copy  of  an  interest- 
ing document.  He  applied  to  President  Lincoln  for  the  original  Amnesty 
Proclamation ;  but  as  this  was  somewhat  defaced,  the  President  copied  it, 
retaining  all  the  marks,  erasures,  notes  and  additions.  Framed  in  black  wal- 
nut, this  document  was  sold  to  the  National  Union  of  Cincinnati  for  $150. 

General  Sherman  contributed  a  fifty-dollar  rebel  note  of  the  latest  issue. 


186  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

Mr.  Fernando  Wood  regretted  that  he  had  not  access  to  his  file  of  letters 
from  distinguished  men  of  twenty  years  ago ;  for  if  he  had,  he  could  furnish 
several  autographs  of  value. 

Two  autograph  letters  of  Humboldt,  one  to  Hon.  J.  H.  "Wright,  and  one  to 
James  Buchanan,  were  offered  to  bidders.  The  first  brought  $4.75;  the 
other,  being  accompanied  by  a  certificate  or  voucher  from  Mr.  Buchanan, 
who  had  received  it  and  knew  it  was  genuine,  was  worth  twenty-five  cents 
more. 

A  bank  check,  signed  by  Jefferson  Davis,  indorsed  by  Mrs.  Davis,  and 
honored  by  the  Brothers  Chubb,  on  whom  it  was  drawn,  was  sold  for  eighty 
cents ;  one  of  Drake  de  Kay's  military  passes,  famous  in  the  early  days  of 
the  rebellion  for  the  bold  strategy  of  the  chirography,  for  twenty-five  cents ; 
an  autograph  letter  from  Guizot,  for  three  dollars;  one  from  Baron  Liebig, 
for  fifteen  cents;  one  from  Kamehameha  IY.  to  the  Hon.  D.  Kamehameha 
of  the  Interior  Department,  with  photographs  of  the  King  and  Queen  of  the 
Sandwich  Islands,  for  $1.50.  A  Frederick  the  Great  brought  $2.60 ;  a 
paper  in  the  handwriting  of  Oliver  Ellsworth,  Chief  Justice  of  the  United 
States,  ten  cents  ;  and  a  John  Caspar  Lavater,  twenty  cents. 

A  lesson  may  be  learned  from  the  history  of  the  autograph  department  of 
the  Great  Western  Fair.  It  is  this :  when  asked  for  your  signature  to  be  sold 
at  a  vendue,  never  send  nine  of  them.  A  gentleman  did  this,  and  they  were 
hustled  off  in  bulk  for  fifteen  cents.  Had  he  sent  but  one  it  would  probably 
have  brought  quite  as  much,  and  perhaps  more.  Thus  the  soldiers  were  liter- 
ally fleeced  by  excess  of  zeal  on  the  part  of  an  ardent  well-wisher. 

However,  we  must  not  quarrel  with  the  items,  when  they  foot  up  so  well. 
If  the  whole  is  satisfactory,  why  find  fault  with  the  parts?  Seventeen 
hundred  dollars  from  such  a  source  is  a  goodly  sum.  If  a  wound  received 
in  a  sabre  fight  is  healed  by  the  succor  afforded  by  an  autograph,  we  are 
more  convinced  than  ever  that  the  pen  is  mightier  than  the  sword. 

The  bazaar  of  merchandize,  machinery,  and  produce,  under  the  superin- 
tendence of  Mr.  James  C.  C.  Holenshade,  was  the  most  productive  department 
of  the  fair,  yielding  over  $60,000.  There  were  four  grand  representative 
divisions — produce,  machinery,  merchandise,  and  stock.  Here  were  grain  and 
potato  bins  overflowing  with  the  increase  of  the  fields ;  barrels  of  cider  on 
tap  ;  tiers  of  baled  hay,  separated,  by  a  judicious  arrangement,  from  the  cattle, 
horses,  and  sheep ;  trunks  for  those  who  wished  to  travel  for  their  health,  a 
retail  drug  dispensary  for  those  who  preferred  seeking  health  at  home ;  there 
were  hens  and  chickens  with  the  feathers  on,  hens  and  chickens  with  the 


A  DONATION  SUPPER.  187 

feathers  off — barn-doo*  fowls  in  the  one  case,  poultry  in  the  other ;  animal 
life  in  the  form  of  hogs,  cast-iron  in  the  shape  of  pigs,  those  in  droves,  these 
in  stacks  ;  furniture  for  those  who  were  going  to  housekeeping,  carriages  and 
wagons  for  those  who  were  giving  it  up. 

A  donation  supper  for  soldiers'  families  was  given  during  the  fair.  That 
is,  a  supper  was  given,  not  to  soldiers'  families,  but  to  other  persons  who  eat 
it  for  their  benefit.  People  gave  the  provisions,  and  then  paid  to  eat  them ; 
they  gave  cakes,  and  then  bought  them  again ;  they  even  paid  to  get  in,  in 
order  to  buy  their  own  gifts :  the  city  police  contributed  $500  in  cash ;  and 
seventeen  ladies,  canvassing  the  seventeen  wards,  brought  in  $6,000  more. 
$7,146  were  distributed  to  soldiers'  families  in  the  city — and  this  amount  is 
not  included  in  the  table  of  proceeds  of  the  fair. 

The  proprietors  of  the  Niles  Works  threw  open  their  shipyard  for  the 
good  of  the  cause.  Or  rather,  as  their  yard  was,  doubtless,  open  previously, 
they  generously  shut  the  gates,  placed  a  tax-gatherer  at  the  door,  so  that  every 
one  who  wished  to  see  a  monitor  might  give  a  quarter  to  the  fair ;  or  he  that 
wished  to  give  a  quarter  to  the  fair  might  do  so  while  inspecting  the  Catawba. 
Seventeen  hundred  persons  availed  themselves  of  this  privilege. 

The  department  of  public  amusements,  amateur  and  professional,  contribu- 
ted its  full  share  to  the  treasury.  Mr.  Murdock  summoned  audiences  to 
secular  and  patriotic  readings  at  Mozart  Hall,  to  sacred  readings  at  Pike's 
Academy;  the  Shakspeare  Club  collected  three  hundred  and  fifty  rascal 
counters,  three  hundred  and  fifty  units  of  the  vile  trash,  which,  having  been 
slave  to  thousands,  may  once  have  been  yours  or  mine ;  three  hundred  school 
children,  assisted  by  their  teacher,  Professor  Graeser,  went  through  a  series  of 
"  free  gymnastics"  with  dumb-bells,  rings,  and  staves.  The  gymnasts  of  the 
Catholic  Institute  built  unsteady  pyramids  of  human  bodies,  each  pyramid, 
when  the  apex  fell  or  the  abutments  heaved  from  out  the  centre,  dissolving 
into  a  tableau,  wherein  Ajax  impudently  defied  the  lightning,  and  with  impu- 
nity too,  or  Cain  threatened  Abel  with  the  latest  gymnastic  bruise.  German 
professionals  enacted  "  The  Stockdrover  of  Austria,"  and  Cincinnati  amateurs 
"  The  Momentous  Question."  The  Seventh  Regiment  was  drilled  for  the 
public  diversion,  and,  by  the  aid  of  the  cunning  of  the  scene  and  the  illusions 
of  a  mid- winter  night,  conveyed  to  the  audience  a  graphic  idea  of  an  "  Outpost 
in  Winter."  Nearly  $3,000  were  poured  into  the  common  fund  by  the  Com- 
mittee on  Public  Amusements. 

An  analysis  of  the  sources  from  which  the  contributions  to  the  fair  were 
drawn,  gives  the  following  results : 


188  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

From  the  State  of  New  York $12,069 

Massachusetts 1,193 

Pennsylvania,  about 2,500 


Missouri, 

Illinois, 

Tennessee, 

Maryland, 

Kentucky, 

Indiana, 


From  other  States, 
From  Ohio, 


2,000 

>     500 

2,500 

200 

4,500 

2,500 

2,500 

30,000 


From  Cincinnati,  175,000 

Cincinnati  thus  contributed  nearly  three  quarters  of  the  proceeds  of  the 
fair,  about  one  dollar  for  every  man,  woman,  and  child  within  the  city  limits. 
The  "  History  of  the  Great  Western  Fair"  thus  closes  :  "  In  Cincinnati  was 
first  conceived  and  successfully  executed  the  plan  capable  of  working  out  the 
idea  which  Chicago  had  suggested,  the  plan  since  adopted  elsewhere,  and 
which  adapts  itself  readily  to  the  enlarging  desires  of  the  nation.  Cincinnati, 
however,  soon  found  that  as  she  surpassed  Chicago,  so  other  cities  were  raising 
sums  far  larger  than  her  own.  In  no  cities,  however,  except  St.  Louis  and 
Pittsburgh,  have  the  results  been  comparatively  greater ;  and  these  last  fairs 
were  held  under  the  stimulus  of  previous  successes,  and  with  the  benefit  of 
the  experience  which  others  had  gained.  Cincinnati  will  suffer  nothing  in  the 
general  comparison,  for  it  is  seen  that  she  reached,  according  to  her  population, 
the  proportion  of  the  full  measure  of  the  country's  capacity  to  give,  as  proved 
in  the  great  eastern  cities." 

The  following  is  a  detailed  report  of  the  proceeds  of  the  Great  Western 
Fair,  by  committees,  departments,  and  tables : 

Sale  of  tickets  to  Ladies'  Bazaar $13,309  65 

"  "  Merchandise  and  Produce  Hall 1,444  20 

"  "  Palace  Garden 100  80 

"  "  Horticultural  Department 1,547  55 

"  "  Art  Hall 1,100  00 

"  "  War  Memorials  and  Relics 1,145  55 

Sale  of  general  tickets  5,490  70 

• $24,138  45 

Post-Office $91  90 

Net  proceeds  of  the  "Ladies'  Knapsack,"  fair  newspaper 600  00 

St.  John's  Episcopal  Church  tables 593  05 

Christmas-Tree  entertainments 1,106  21 

"          sales 18345 

College  Hill  Ladies'  Society  table 445  40 

Ohio  Female  College  table 284  85 


A  FINANCIAL  REPORT. 


189 


Fruits,  flowers,  and  fancy  articles,  Mrs.  D.  T.  Woodrow's  tables.  . .  $1,376  51 

Eefreshment  table 863  95 

Stereoscopic  views 20  75 

Sale  of  instrument  presented  by  Hon.  S.  P.  Chase 200  00 

Closing  sale  of  articles 301  05 

Cash  donations 44  40 

Net  proceeds,  expenses  deducted $6,101  89 

Receipts  from  tables  in  Ladies'  Bazaar 62,309  42 

Refreshment  Committee $221  47 

Autograph             "         1,677  55 

Coal                       "        778  75 

Transportation       "         10,353  37 

Nursery                  "         1,000  00 

Finance                  "         56,291  62 

Sales  in  Merchandise  and  Produce  Hall 61,626  33 

Certificates  of  contributions 10,121  10 

Donations  through  C.  G.  Rogers 2,594  82 

Profit  on  Five-Twenty  Bonds 3,936  00 

Sales  in  Art  Gallery 350  64 


Sale  of  relics  and  curiosities 923  33 

Exhibition  of  monitors 425  00 

Proceeds  of  concerts,  lectures,  &c 3,434  13 

"        of  S.  Smith's  picture  of  the  Crucifixion 1,140  00 

Sales  of  buildings 12,672  00 


$167,546  11 

Total  receipts $260,095  87 

Deduct  expenses  for  buildings,  &c 25,506  89 


Add,  as  per  supplementary  report . 


$234,588  98 
817  64 


Grand  total $235,406  62 


Now  Cincinnati,  proud  of  the  quarter  of  a  million  thus  obtained,  sent  to 
the  city  of  Brooklyn,  New  York,  in  a  spirit  of  defiance,  a  huge  broom,  being 


190 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


the  ideal  utensil  which  had  swept  together  the  glittering  heaps.  Brooklyn, 
nothing  daunted,  and  with  its  preparations  nearly  completed  for  a  fair  of  its 
own,  picked  up  the  broom  as  if  it  had  been  a  knightly  glove,  and  muttered : 
"  As  two  and  a  half  is  to  four,  so  is  Cincinnati  and  Southern  Ohio  to  Brooklyn 
and  Long  Island."  We  proceed  now  briefly  to  show  how  this  prophecy, 


THE   BKOOK1.YN   AND   LONG   ISLAND   FAIE. 


uttered  under  the  breath,  was  made  good  in  tones  of  thunder, 
bargain,"  sang  Mr.  Palfrey,  and  thus  went  on  to  sing : 


uFair  is  a 


Fair  is  a  bargain,  when  'tis  made 

According  to  the  rules  of  trade ; 

Fair  is  the  maid  who  sells  these  rhymes, 

You've  called  her  so  a  thousand  times ; 

Fair  are  the  speeches — false  as  fair — 

That  oft  in  Congress  vented  are ; 

Fair  are  the  nymphs  that  throng  Broadway 

On  every  bonnet-opening  day ; 

In  civil  storms,  as  Job  sets  forth  (xxxvii.  22), 


"Fair  weather  cometh  from  the  North;" 
Fail-mount  by  Schuylkill's  wave  is  fair ; 
Fairfield  is  famed  for  wholesome  air ; 
Fair  winds  impel  Fairhaven's  sails, 
Hunting  in  Arctic  seas  for  whales ; 
Fair  was  the  fight  at  Nazeby,  when 
Stout  Fairfax  beat  King  Charles's  men ; 
And  fair  with  treasures  rich  and  rare 
Is  Brooklyn's  Sanitary  Fair. 


THE  BROOKLYN  AND  LONG  ISLAND   FAIR. 


191 


The  Brooklyn  and  Long  Island  Sanitary  Fair  is  claimed,  by  those  most 
interested,  to  have  been  the  first  act  of  self-assertion  ever  done  by  the  City  of 
Churches.  Though  possessing  the  Navy  Yard  of  the  nation,  the  most  beauti- 
ful Cemetery  in  the  world,  public  schools  as  good  as  any  in  the  land,  noble 
institutions  of  charity,  of  learning  and  the  arts,  and  though  being,  upon  the 
authority  of  the  census,  the  third  city  in  the  Union,  it  had  been  content  to  lie 
in  the  shadow  of  its  mighty  neighbor,  a  quiet  suburb,  a  part,  but  not  a  whole, 
a  Latin  Quarter,  a  Trastevere,  in  short,  the  New  Yorker's  alcove,  his  bed- 
chamber. But  when,  in  November,  1863,  the  Women's  Belief  Association  of 
Brooklyn  decided  to  unite  with  the  sister  city  in  a  grand  Metropolitan  Fair,  to 
be  held  in  February,  1864,  and  when,  upon  the  postponement  of  the  enter- 
prise for  six  weeks,  Brooklyn  refused  to  postpone,  and  resolved  to  have  a  fair 
of  her  own,*  to  do  business  henceforward  in  her  own  name,  and  to  break  loose 
from  Manhattan  fetters,  then  it  was,  we  are  told,  that  she  "  asserted  her  full- 
grown  womanhood,  and,  starting  forth  to  walk  alone,  not  only  walked  but 


*  The  following  were  the  officers  of  the  Brooklyn  and  Long  Island  Sanitary  Fair : 

General  Committee, 
ABIEL  A.  Low,  President. 

Executive  Committee —  Gentlemen . 

DWIGHT  JOHNSON,  Chairman.  FREDERICK  A.  FARLEY,  D.  D.,  Cor.  Secretary. 

WALTER  S.  GRIFFITH,  Sec.  Secretary.  JAS.  H.  FROTHINGHAM,  Treasurer. 


H.  B.  CLAFLIN, 
ELIAS  LEWIS,  JR., 
HON.  ED  WARD.  A.  LAMBERT, 
ETHELBERT  S.  MILLS, 
JAMES  D.  SPARKMAN, 
HON.  JOHN  A.  KING, 
ARTHUR  W.  BENSON, 
S.  B.  CHITTENDEN, 
HENRY  E.  PIERREPONT 
JOHN  D.  MCKENZIE, 


HON.  JAS.  S.  T.  STRANAHAN, 
HON.  ALFRED  M.  WOOD, 
HON.  JOHN  A.  LOTT, 
SAMUEL  B.  CALDWELL, 
AMBROSE  SNOW, 
THOMAS  T.  BUCKLEY, 
A.  A.  Low, 
HENRY  SHELDON, 
CHARLES  A.  MEIGS, 
WILLIAM  H.  JENKINS, 
JOSEPH  WILDE, 

Executive  Committee — Ladies. 

MRS.  J.  S.  T.  STRANAHAN,  President. 

Miss  KATE  E.  WATERBURY,  Bee.  Secretary. 

MRS.  S.  B.  CALDWELL, 
S.  B.  CHITTENDEN, 
W.  J.  COGSWELL, 

J.  P.  DUFFIN, 

J.  W.  HARPER, 
A.  CRITTENDEN, 
ALFRED  M.  WOOD, 
L.  HARRINGTON, 
G.  H.  HUNTSMAN, 
T.  F.  KING, 
E.  S.  MILLS, 


HON.  JAMES  HUMPHREY, 
GEORGE  S.  STEPHENSON, 
ARCHIBALD  BAXTER, 
JOSEPH  RIPLEY, 
EDWARD  J.  LOWBER, 
LUTHER  B.  WYMAN, 
W.  W.  ARMFIELD, 
PETER  RICE, 
WILLARD  M.  NEWELL, 
WILLIAM  BURDON, 
S.  EMERSON  HOWARD. 


MRS.  G.  B.  ARCHER, 
E.  ANTHONY, 
H.  W.  BEECHER, 
A.  W.  BENSON, 
C.  J.  BERGEN, 
R.  C.  BRAINARD, 
J.  C.  BREVOORT, 
T.  T.  BUCKLEY, 

W.  I.  BUDDINGTON, 
N.  BURCHARD, 

A.  BRADSHAW, 


MRS.  H.  L.  PACKER,  Cor.  Secretary. 
MRS.  G.  B.  ARCHER,  Treasurer. 

MRS.  MORRELL, 
W.  W.  PELL, 
H.  E.  PIERREPONT, 
E.  SHAPTER, 
H.  SHELDON, 
J.  C.  SMITH, 
J.  D.  SPARKMAN, 
G.  S.  STEPHENSON, 
J.  S.  SWAN, 
A.  TRASK, 
J.  VANDERBILT. 


H.  WATERS, 


192  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

ran  and  soared,  and  amazed  even  herself."     She  amazed  her  big  relative,  too, 
and,  if  she  did  not  alarm  her,  she  stimulated  her. 

A  meeting  was  held  in  Brooklyn  on  the  19th  of  December,  1863,  which 
exerted  no  little  influence  upon  the  success  of  the  undertaking.  The  wealth 
and  public  spirit  of  the  city  were  there,  and  before  the  evening  was  over  the 
public  spirit  had  got  the  better  of  the  wealth  by  the  sum  of  some  twenty- 
five  thousand  dollars.  A  form  of  subscription  was  read,  and  Mr.  John  D. 
McKenzie  was  the  fortunate  man  who  first  placed  his  name  upon  the  paper* 
He  not  only  did  that,  but  he  put  the  well-known  formula,  $1,000,  over  against 
it.  Mr.  Abiel  A.  Low  took  offence  at  this,  apparently,  for  he  inscribed  a  dif- 
ferent number,  namely,  $2,500,  over  against  his  name.  Two  such  examples 
could  not  remain  without  followers,  and  they  did  not.  Nearly  thirty  thousand 
dollars  were  subscribed  during  the  evening,  and  in  ten  days  the  sums  promised 
amounted  to  fifty  thousand  dollars.  Notices  were  now  sent  to  the  various 
Sewing  and  Aid  Societies  of  Long  Island,  inviting  them  to  send  contribu- 
tions to  the  fair,  and  in  a  short  time,  the  whole  population  were  warmly 
interested  in  its  success,  which,  indeed,  had  never  for  an  instant  been 
doubtful. 

It  was  soon  decided  by  the  proper  authorities  that  there  should  be  a  dining- 
room  connected  with  the  fair,  and  that  it  should  be  called  Knickerbocker 
Hall ;  that  a  refectory  or  lunch-roorn,  furnishing  certain  peculiar  and  anti- 
quated viands,  should  be  called  the  New  England  Kitchen ;  that  there  should 
be  a  Curiosity  Shop,  a  Gallery  of  Art,  a  Post-Office,  and  a  daily  newspaper 
entitled  the  "  Drum  Beat."  Baffling  and  the  sale  of  wine  were  prohibited. 
The  Academy  of  Music  was  to  be  the  central  scene  of  the  exhibition,  con- 
nected by  bridges  with  several  contiguous  buildings,  one  of  which  was  already 
in  existence,  while  others  were  yet  to  be  constructed.  All  the  preparations 
were  completed  in  time,  the  booths  stocked,  the  ladies  dressed,  and,  punctually 
at  the  stroke  of  three,  upon  the  22d  of  February,  the  inaugurating  proces- 
sion reached  the  scene  of  action.  At  seven  in  the  evening  the  doors  were 
thrown  open,  and  the  Brooklyn  Sanitary  Fair  entered  into  history.  Ages 
hence,  however,  when  history  shall  have  become  old  enough  to  have  relapsed 
into  tradition,  and  when  people  shall  have  their  doubts  whether  Brooklyn 
ever  existed  even,  the  records  which  shall  have  drifted  down  to  them  of  the 
Long  Island  Fair  will  confirm  them  in  their  unbelief— just  as  the  written 
glories  of  Aladdin's  garden  teach  us  that  Aladdin  never  was,  nor  could  have 
been.  Is  it  too  much  to  say  that  when  ten  thousand  years  have  rolled  away, 
the  following  paragraph,  surviving  the  wreck  of  other  matter,  will  be  enough 


A   VISION  OF  SPLENDOR.  193 

to  stamp  the  Brooklyn  Fair  as  an  amiable  deceit  and  all  the  pleasant  stories 
of  it  legends  ? 

"  A  vision  of  splendor  breaks  upon  the  eye,  before  which  few  fail  to  stand 
in  mute  amazement.  We  see,  as  in  some  gorgeous  dream  of  fairy  land,  a 
world  of  beautiful  creations  rise  before  us.  Our  eyes  are  dazzled  with  vivid 
colors,  and  our  ears  stunned  with  the  clamor  of  thousands  of  tongues.  It  is 
night  A  myriad  of  gaslights  pour  a  flood  of  radiance  over  the  wonderful 
scene.  The  vast  room  seems  wainscoted  and  ceiled  with  rainbows.  Glass 
and  silver  flash  back  the  blaze  in  streams  of  iridescent  light;  silks  and  satin 
shimmer  softly,  brilliant  colors  shine  everywhere — gold  and  crimson  and  green 
and  blue  and  rose  and  purple  ;  perfumes  of  rarest  flowers  scent  the  air ;  n 
melody  from  the  piano  tinkles  through  the  tumult  like  the  piping  of  birds 
in  the  pause  of  a  storm,  or  a  burst  of  sumptuous  music  from  the  powerful 
band  rolls  out  of  the  balcony  and  charms  the  clamor  to  a  breathless  hush. 
*  *  *  *  The  richness,  vividness,  and  variety  of  colors  of  the  thousand 
articles  which  heaped  the  tables,  fluttered  from  the  pillars,  or  glowed  from 
the  walls,  gave  one  the  impression  of  a  bevy  of  rainbows  playing  hide-and- 
go-seek.  The  irises  of  one's  eyes,  for  about  five  minutes  after  leaving  this 
brilliant  corner,  resembled  their  etherial  prototype  as  well  in  the  rich  play 
of  color  as  in  name." 

They  must,  indeed,  in  11864,  take  it  all  for  fiction.  But  the  deception  will 
be  a  harmless  one,  originating  as  it  did  in  the  honorable  cause  of  humanity. 
But  to  some  few  details  of  the  gentle  delusion. 

In  one  of  the  proscenium  boxes  was  the  Post-Office,  under  the  care  of 
Mrs.  J.  P.  Duflin  and  assistants.  These  ladies  not  only  conducted  the  busi- 
ness of  their  bureau,  but  they  wrote  the  letters  too.  The  recipients  paid 
fifteen  and  twenty-five  cents  postage,  according  to  bulk,  perhaps,  or  else  accord- 
ing to  their  being  written  in  prose  or  verse.  So  ardently  did  the  ladies  bend 
to  their  task,  and  so  faithfully  were  letters  advertised  called  for,  that  nearly 
$600  were  realized,  and  this  was  ninety -five  per  cent,  profit  The  Postmas- 
ter-General at  Washington  has  long  sought  to  make  his  department  self- 
sustaining.  Let  him  go  to  Brooklyn  and  learn. 

The  Old  Woman  who  lived  in  a  Shoe  dwelt  not  far  from  here.  This 
was  not,  as  might  at  first  appear,  an  idea  of  the  Hide  and  Leather  Committee  ; 
it  originated  with  a  lady  of  one  of  the  city  churches.  The  old  woman  was 
personated  by  a  child  of  tender  years,  dressed  in  mobcap  and  spectacles, 
established  in  a  huge  shoe,  and  having  so  many  dolls  she  really  did  not  know 
what  to  do.  She  sold  them,  however,  for  four  hours  in  succession,  when  she 
la 


194 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


was  relieved  by  another,  and  she  by  still  another  little  girl,  in  turn.  Had 
they  been  older,  and  had  they  lived  in  Elsinore,  they  would  doubtless  have 
exclaimed,  each  to  her  successor,  ';  For  this  relief,  much  thanks  !" 


THE   OLD    WO.MAX    WHO    LIVED    IN    A    SHOE 


In  the  book  department,  during  the  last  three  days,  a  placard  was  exhib- 
ited, upon  which  was  the  following  appeal :  "  Buy  a  book,  and  leave  it  to  be 
sent  to  the  hospital  library,  Beaufort,  S.  C."  Among  the  first  to  respond  to 
this  request  were  three  soldiers,  who  purchased  a  volume  each,  and  wrote 
their  names  and  regiments  upon  the  fly-leaf.  One  hundred  and  fifty  books 
were  thus  obtained,  and,  at  the  least,  $150  besides. 

Ten  little  girls,  whose  united  ages  were  just  one  hundred  years,  arrived  in 
state  at  the  fair  one  afternoon,  having  brought  to  a  close  an  auxiliary  fair  of 
their  own.  They  came  to  bring  the  proceeds,  $16.50  apiece.  There  are 
doubtless  ten  millionaires  in  the  land  who  have  not  done  as  much  in  pro- 
portion, though  they  may  have  given  thousands. 

The  chief  attraction  in  the  Art  Gallery  was,  of  course,  the  exhibition  of 
pictures  and  statues ;  but  one  hardly  inferior  was  the  Artists'  Album  of 
Sketches  in  Oil,  the  fruit  of  a  suggestion  of  Mr.  R.  Gignoux,  of  Brooklyn. 
The  collection  numbered  one  hundred  and  twenty  pictures,  by  as  many  con- 
tributors. It  was  disposed  of  in  shares  of  $10  each,  over  five  hundred  being 
sold.  The  shareholders  agreed  to  meet  after  the  fair,  to  divide  the  one 
hundred  and  twenty  sketches  into  six  portions,  and  to  distribute  these  by 


THE  NEW  ENGLAND  KITCHEN.  195 

lot.  This  was  done,  and  the  arbitrament  of  fate  was  rigidly  adhered  to. 
Half  the  pictures  remained  in  Brooklyn,  a  portion  crossed  the  river,  while 
a  smaller  part  was  transferred  to  Baltimore. 

An  Amateur  Artists'  Album,  containing  fifty-eight  pictures  in  oils  and 
water-colors — the  larger  part  by  ladies,  and  all  originals — was  disposed  of  in 
shares  for  $500.  They  were  then  drawn  for  in  lots,  two  of  twenty  each  and 
one  of  eighteen. 

Knickerbocker  Hall,  where  creature  comforts  were  dispensed,  was  a  great 
pecuniary  and  gastronomic  triumph.  Upholstery  and  epicurianism  vied  with 
each  other,  and  it  is  impossible  to  say  which  won.  Flags,  arches,  evergreens, 
shields,  mirrors,  on  the  one  hand ;  on  the  other,  trout,  pickles,  grouse,  eggs, 
jelly,  pies,  celery,  and  ducks.  Messrs.  Duryea  &  Co.,  of  New  York,  not  only 
furnished  all  the  maizena  that  a  hungry  public  called  for,  but  they  cooked  it 
so  well,  and  in  so  many  different  ways,  that  every  one  took  maizena,  no  mat- 
ter what  else  he  neglected.  The  other  supplies  were  mainly  contributed  by  the 
churches,  six  on  each  day.  Thus,  on  Tuesday,  March  1st,  it  was  the  turn  of 
Plymouth  Church,  the  South  Presbyterian,  the  Harrison  Street  Dutch  Church, 
St.  Charles  Borromeo,  the  Elm  Place  Congregational,  and  the  East  Eeformed 
Dutch  Church  ;  on  Wednesday,  it  was  the  turn  of  six  others.  The  quantity 
consumed  in  a  day  was  not  far  from  the  following,  maizena  not  included : 
One  hundred  turkeys  and  chickens,  one  hundred  grouse,  quail,  and  ducks, 
five  hundred  pounds  of  beef,  mutton,  and  venison,  twenty  hams  and  tongues, 
eighteen  thousand  oysters,  fifteen  pounds  of  trout,  twenty  pounds  of  smelts 
and  other  fish ;  cake,  pies,  sixty  or  seventy  quarts  of  jelly,  eight  hundred 
quarts  of  ice-cream,  two  hundred  and  fifty  quarts  of  coffee  and  tea,  four  hun- 
dred loaves  of  bread,  three  barrels  of  crackers,  two  hundred  heads  of  celery, 
three  barrels  of  potatoes,  besides  sugar,  butter,  eggs,  milk,  flour,  apples, 
oranges,  pickles,  preserves,  &c.  The  articles  of  food  contributed  were  enough 
to  supply  seven  eighths  of  the  entire  demand.  $24,000  was  the  net  result 
of  this  thoroughly  well  managed  affair. 

The  nature  of  the  New  England  Kitchen  will  be  best  explained  by  an 
extract  from  the  circular  of  the  committee  having  the  matter  in  charge : 

"  The  idea  is  to  present  a  faithful  picture  of  New  England  farm-house  life 
of  the  last  century.  The  grand  old  fire-place  shall  glow  again,  the  spinning- 
wheel  shall  whirl  as  of  old ;  the  walls  shall  be  garnished  with  the  products 
of  the  forest  and  the  field ;  the  quilting,  the  donation,  and  the  wedding  party 
shall  assemble  once  more,  while  the  apple  paring  shall  not  be  forgotten  ;  and 
the  dinner-table,  always  set,  shall  be  loaded  with  substantial  New  England 


196  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

cheer.  "We  shall  try  to  reproduce  the  manners,  customs,  dress,  and,  if  possi- 
ble, the  idiom  of  the  time  ;  in  short,  to  illustrate  the  domestic  life  and  habits 
of  the  people  to  whose  determined  courage,  sustained  by  their  faith  in  God, 
we  owe  that  government  so  dear  to  every  loyal  heart.  The  period  fixed 
upon  is  just  prior  to  the  throwing  overboard  of  the  tea  in  Boston  Harbor." 

Another  briefer  statement  of  the  object  in  view  was  made  in  these  words: 
'•  It  was  established  to  promote  plain  living,  high  thinking,  a  consummation 
of  pork  and  beans,  and  a  revival  of  the  spirit  of  seventy-six." 

Before  the  projectors  of  this  novel  plan  could  obtain  the  necessary  space 
in  which  to  carry  it  out,  they  were  obliged  to  pledge  themselves  that  it  should 
yield  a  certain  sum,  which  in  the  end  it  did  yield,  and  four  times  over. 
The  furniture  and  appointments  of  the  room  were,  for  the  most  part,  genuine 
antiques.  One  of  the  chairs  was  a  hundred  and  fifty  years  old,  and  had  once 
been  buried  in  the  earth,  to  save  it  from  destruction  by  the  foe.  There 
was  a  clock,  whose  face  was  pitted  by  a  British  bullet,  and  a  rifle  which  had 
belonged  to  Patrick  Henry ;  there  were  Bibles  of  the  days  of  the  Puritans ; 
newspapers  of  the  year  1775 ;  paintings  from  the  panels  of  the  Guerriere ; 
canteens  and  spinning-wheels  one  hundred  years  old. 

We  read  in  the  "  History  of  the  Brooklyn  and  Long  Island  Fair :" 

"  The  fire-place  was,  of  course,  an  important  feature  of  the  kitchen.  It 
was  of  huge  dimensions,  and  strictly  after  the  old  New  England  type.  In  its 
capacious  mouth  an  ox  might  have  been  roasted  with  ease.  From  the  tradi- 
tional trammel  swung  a  gigantic  pot,  in  which  from  time  to  time  were  cooked 
great  messes  of  unctuous  chowder  or  steaming  quantums  of  mush.  From  the 
ovens  at  the  sides  emerged,  at  stated  periods,  spicy  Indian  puddings,  smoking 
loaves  of  Boston  brown  bread,  and  famous  dishes  of  pork  and  beans,  crisped 
to  delicious  perfection. 

"  The  tables  were  covered  with  old-fashioned  china,  and  the  guests  returned, 
under  the  rigid  rule  of  the  place,  to  the  ante-silver-fork  period,  and  had  to 
content  themselves  with  the  two-tined  steel.  White  sugar  was  religiously 
ignored,  and  modern  improvements  generally  were  at  a  discount.  The  idea 
was  to  live  in  the  Past,  and  the  Present  was  ignominiously  banished.  Many, 
before  leaving  the  New  England  Kitchen,  howsoever  well  satisfied  with  the  new 
ways  about  us,  were  fain  to  conclude  'the  old  is  better.'  On  the  tables  were 
bountiful  supplies  of  toothsome  viands — pork  and  beans,  apple-sauce,  Boston 
brown  bread,  pitchers  of  cider,  pumpkin,  mince,  and  apple  pies,  doughnuts, 
and  all  the  savory  and  delicate  wealth  of  the  New  England  larder.  The 
guests  were  waited  upon  by  damsels  with  curious  names  and  quaint  attire. 


A   QUILTING  PARTY. 


197 


Just  such  New  England  girls  as  spread  the  cloths  and  cut  the  loaves  of  a 
century  ago  were  the  neat-handed  waitresses  of  the  New  England  Kitchen  of 
the  Brooklyn  and  Long  Island  Fair. 

"  The  venerable  knitters  in  the  corner,  with  their  starched  caps,  and  snowy 
kerchiefs  crossed  over  the  bosoms  of  their  stuff  gowns,  the  huge  iire-place  with 
its  mighty  logs,  the  dresser  with  its  rows  of  shining  pewter,  the  ever-ready 
churn,  the  tall  clock  sedately  ticking  in  the  corner,  the  ridge-poles  strung 
with  dried  apples,  pumpkins,  glittering  red  peppers,  seed-bags,  and  '  yarbs'  of 
healing  virtues,  the  New  England  girls  with  their  quaint  costumes  and  un- 
couth speech — all  made  up  a  wonderfully  striking  scene,  which,  once  beheld, 
could  not  soon  be  forgotten." 


NEW    ENGLAND   KITCHEN:   A   QUILTING  PARTY. 


Several  entertainments  were  given  in  the  Kitchen,  illustrating  the  manners 
of  the  olderi  time.  "We  were  taught  how  our  ancestors  used  to  sing  by  the 
"  Old  Folks'  Concerts ;';  how  they  gladdened  the  threshold  of  the  parson  by 
the  "Donation  Visit;''  how  pressing  works  were  done  in  concert  by  the 


198  THE   TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

"  Quilting  Party"  and  the  "  Apple  Bee ;"  and,  finally,  how  they  married  and 
were  given  in  marriage,  by  the  "New  England  Wedding."  In  this  last 
solemnity,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Holmes,  of  Williamsburg,  were  united  over  again  by 
the  Eev.  Jedediah  Poundtext.  The  illusion  was  made  complete  by  the  gift  of 
a  frosted  cake  to  the  bride  from  the  ladies  of  Knickerbocker  Hall. 

The  Drum  Beat,  a  daily  newspaper,  at  once  advocating  the  claims  of  the 
cause  and  describing  from  day  to  day  the  passing  incidents  of  the  fair,  and 
conducted  by  the  Eev.  R.  S.  Storrs,  Jr.,  D.  D.,  and  Mr.  Francis  Williams,  was 
published  from  February  22d  to  March  5th,  with  a  supplementary  number 
upon  the  llth.  Its  circulation  was  about  six  thousand  copies,  and  it  brought 
into  the  treasury  the  rotund  sum  of  $3,050.  The  entire  cost  of  the  type- 
setting and  printing  was  assumed  and  borne  by  Mr.  S.  B.  Chittenden. 

On  the  evening  of  March  8thj  not  long  before  the  hour  of  closing,  the 
treasurer  announced  by  bulletin  that  the  contributions  of  Brooklyn  and  Long 
Island  to  the  sanitary  cause  had  reached  the  magnificent  sum  of  $400,000. 
This  was  four  times  as  much  as  had  been  hoped  for,  when  Brooklyn  expected 
to  form  merely  a  division  of  the  Metropolitan  Fair.  It  was  proved  that 
they  could  make  brooms,  and  use  them,  too,  as  well  in  Brooklyn  as  in  Cin- 
cinnati. 

Among  the  sales  by  auction,  after  the  close  of  the  fair,  was  that  of  the 
house  and  lot  No.  540  Atlantic  Street,  the  gift  of  Messrs.  Scranton  &  Co. 
This  property  was  mortgaged  for  $2,600,  and  all  above  this  sum  which  it 
should  bring  was  to  be  given  to  the  cause.  The  first  offer  was  $3,000,  the 
bids  running  rapidly  up  to  $3,650.  At  this  point  all  contestants  fell  off  but 
two.  Here  was  the  auctioneer's  opportunity,  and  Mr.  Sintzenich  profited  by 
it.  Appealing  to  the  pugnacious  instincts  of  the  two  competitors  in  turn, 
and  when  one  made  a  bid  sympathizing  with  and  stimulating  the  other,  he 
squeezed  out  two  hundred  dollars  more,  and  announced  Mr.  W.  R.  Tice  the 
purchaser  for  the  sum  of  $3,850. 

A  calico  ball  was  given,  after  the  fair  had  closed,  in  Knickerbocker  Hall. 
Many  of  the  ladies  were  dressed  in  the  plainest  cotton  fabrics,  which  were 
afterwards  devoted  to  charitable  uses.  Two  thousand  dollars  were  realized 
from  this  source. 

The  following  is  an  abstract  of  the  treasurer's  report : 

Cash  donations $208,523  36 

Admissions 50,572  07 

General  sales — main  building 107, ft  15  31 

"  manufacturers'  department 19,302  35 


AN  HONORABLE  RECORD. 


199 


Department  of  Art,  Relics,  etc $10,502  08 

Drum  Beat  Committee 3,051  06 

Post  Office  "         830  55 

Skating  Pond 587  45 

f  Restaurant $12,772  24 

Receipts  at  Knickerbocker  Hall,  <  Confectionery 1,802  85 

(  Soda  Fountains 1,400  07 

15,975  16 

Receipts  at  New  England  Kitchen 4,845  19 

Sales  of  buildings,  furniture,  and  decorations 1,609  88 

Sundry  items 8  82 

Cash  contributions  to  the  Employment  Society  for  the  manufacture 

of  hospital  goods 2,550  00 

Value  of  hospital  supplies  and  medical  comforts  contributed  through 
the  fair,  from  city  and  country,  estimated  at  from  $6,000  to 
$10,000,  say 6,000  00 

Total $431,973  28 

Deduct  expenses 29,029  54 

Net $402,943  74 

The  following  is  a  list  of  cash  donations,  which  amounted,  as  above,  to 
more  than  $200,000 : 

B.  F.  Delano  (collections) $5,18463         Brooklyn  Collegiate  and    Poly- 
Brooklyn  Savings  Bank 5,000  00  technic  Institute $1,032  25 

Union  Ferry  Co 5,000  00         George  B.  Archer 1,000  00 

Thirteenth  Regiment,  N.  G.,  Col.                            Horace  B.  Claflin 1,000  00 

Woodward,    proceeds    of    a                            Peter  C.  Cornell 1,000  00 

Promenade  Concert 4,011  00         Dime  Savings  Bank 1,000  00 

Abiel  A.  Low 2,500  00         S.  B.  Chittenden 1,000  00 

Sixth  TVard  Bounty  Committee.     2,000  00         Thomas  C.  Durant 1,000  00 

South  Brooklyn  Savings  Institu-                            E.  T.  H.  Gibson 1,000  00 

tion 2,000  00         A.  C.   Hull,  M.   D.,  proceeds  of 

Brooklyn  City  Railroad 1,925  68            dramatic  entertainments  at  the 

St.    Paul's     Episcopal    Church,                               Athenfeum 1,000  00 

Flatbush 1,706  84         Thomas  Hunt 1^000  00 

Public  Schools  of  Brooklyn 1,259  69         Seymour  L.  Husted 1,000  00 

Scranton  &  Co 1,250  00        Josiah  O.  Low 1,000  00 

Town   of   Hempstead,  by   Jno.                            E.  H.  R.  Lyman 1,000  00 

Harold,  Miss  Hendricks,   and                            John  D.  McKenzie 1,000  00 

C.  W.  Rogers 1,244  77         Theo.  Polhemus,  Jr 1,000  00 

Proceeds  of  fair  at  Sag  Harbor,                           Enos  Richardson 1,000  00 

by  Josiah  Douglass,  Treasurer     1,200  00         Henry  Sheldon 1,000  00 

Public  School  Exhibition,  W.  D.,  South  Second  St.  M.  E.  Church.  1,000  00 

at  Academy  of  Music 1,173  90         George  S.  Stephenson 1,000  00 

Lafayette    Avenue  Presbyterian  Village  of  Newtown,  by  C.  H. 

Church,  by  Mrs.  E.  A.  Lam-                               Victor 958  94 

bert 1,16857        Packer    Institute,    Senior    Class 

Village   of  South   Hampton,  by                              Entertainment 941  88 

Col.  B.  H.  Foster 1,051  25         Philharmonic  Society 918  00 


200 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


Town  of  Bridgehampton,  by  Hon. 

H.  P.  Hedges $936  94 

I.  Van  Anden 763  25 

A.  Henly 750  00 

Town  of  Flatbush,  by  J.  Lefferts  718  25 
Roman     Catholic    churches     of 

Brooklyn,  by  Mrs.  Dr.  Cullen  688  92 
Burnham's  Gymnasium  Exhibi- 
tion   088  45 

Village  of  Huntington,  by  Win. 

Nicoll 662  27 

Bulkeley  Brothers 660  00 

Plymouth  Sabbath-School 630  00 

Oratorio  of  Moses  in  Egypt, 

given  in  the  South  Ninth  St. 

Congregational  Church,  under 

the    direction     of    Philip    A. 

Meyer 014  51 

Church  of  St.  Peter  and  Paul, 

Rev.  S.  Malone 603  00 

Aaron  Claflin 600  00 

C.  S.  Parsons  &  Sons fiOO  00 

C.  &  R.  Poillon 600  00 

J.  O.  Whitehouse 600  00 

Metropolitan  Police  Force  of 

Brooklyn 576  .32 

Village  of  Patchogue,  by  lion.  J. 

S.  Havens 559  54 

Public  School  No.  15,  Primary 

Department  Entertainment. ..  557  00 

Brooklyn  Daily  Times 543  50 

H.  Cocks 534  85 

Mrs.  II.  L.  Packer,  entertainment  522  45 
Town  of  Jamaica,  by  Mrs.  W.  I. 

Cogswell 518  53 

II.  N.  Conklin,  Son  &  Beers 515  00 

Mrs.  Jane  S.  Torrey,  proceeds  of 

musical  entertainment 503  00  , 

Coe  Adams 500  00 

A.  Baylis 500  00 

Charles  S.  Baylis 500  00 

S.  M.  Beard 500  00 

August  Belmont 500  00 

Arthur  W.  Benson 500  00 

C.  J.  Bergen 500  00 

Charles  Bill 500  00 

Board  of  Brokers,  New  York . .  500  00 

Thomas  Brooks  &  Co 500  00 

R.  P.  Buck 500  00 

John  Bullard,  Jr 500  00 

Samuel  B.  Caldwell 500  00 

Charles  Christmas.  .  50000 


Estate  of  F.  B.  Cole $500  00 

Collins,  Plummer  &  Co 500  00 

E.  W.  Corlies 500  00 

Edward  Dodge 500  00 

James  W.  Elwell 500  00 

Farmington  School,  by  Edward 

S.  Sandford 500  00 

John  W.  Frothingham 500  00 

Rufus  R.  Graves 500  00 

Sidney  Green 500  00 

S.  Emerson  Howard 500  00 

Elias  Howe,  Jr 500  00 

Hon.  James  Humphrey 500  00 

W.  W.  Huse 500  00 

A.  Jewett 500  00 

Journeay  &  Burnham 500  00 

Henry  A.  Kent 50000 

Nehemiah  Knight 500  00 

Lowber,  Ostrom  &  Co 500  00 

R.  II.  Manning 500  00 

John  T.  Martin 500  00 

Samuel  McLean 500  00 

Edward  B.  Mead 500  00 

James  Myers  &  Co 500  00 

J.  B.  Norris 500  00 

James  H.  Prentice 500  00 

Joseph  Ripley 500  00 

Amos  Robbins 500  00 

J  S.  Rockwell 500  00 

II.  J.  Ropes 500  00 

R.  W.  Ropes 500  00 

Ripley  Ropes 500  00 

Henry  D.  Sanger 500  00 

Sawyer,  Wallace  &  Co 500  00 

H.  K.  Sheldon 500  00 

Ambrose  Snow 500  00 

Charles  Storrs 500  00 

Hon.  J.  S.  T.  Stranahan 500  00 

J.  R.  Taylor 500  00 

Geo.  W.  Valentine,  Brewster  & 

Bergen 500  00 

J.  J.  Van  Nostrand 500  00 

Hon.  William  Wall 500  00 

J.  P.  Wallace 500  00 

Hosea  Webster 500  00 

I.  B.  Wellington 500  00 

Alex.  M.  White 500  00 

Wm.  Augustus  White 500  00 

James  C.  Wilson 500  00 

J.  W.  Mason 450  00 

Mrs.  S.  B.  Chittenden,  proceeds 

of  an  entertainment.  .  409  00 


BROOKLYN   FINANCES. 


201 


Mrs.  A.  S.  Barnes,  proceeds  of 

an  entertainment $400  00 

Forty-seventh  Regiment,  by  Col. 

Meserole 400  00 

First  Baptist  Church,  E.  D.,  Rev. 

Dr.  Baker 376  59 

Wm.  Arthur  (collections) 355  30 

0.  H.  Rogers i 350  00 

South  Presbyterian  Church 346  00 

Congregation  Beth  Elohim 332  00 

Sands  Street  M.  E.  Church 332  00 

D.  S.  Hines  (collections) 321  20 

Mrs.  Peter  Rice 318  00 

Brooklyn  Gaslight  Co 300  00 

Mrs.  Maria  Gary 300  00 

James  How,  Jr.,  proceeds  of 

model  of  Ocean  Express 300  00 


South    Brooklyn     Engine     and 

Boiler  Works,  Daniel  McLeod, 

proprietor  and  workmen $254  00 

D.  S  Arnold 250  00 

William  Beard 250  00 

R.  S.  Benedict 250  00 

Benjamin  Blossom 250  00 

C.  W.  Blossom 250  00 

Thomas  T.  Buckley 250  00 

J.  S.  Burgess 250  00 

Seymour  Burrell 250  00 

C.  B.  Camp 250  00 

Benjamin  Carver 250  00 

George  S.  Carey 250  00 

Columbian  Insurance  Co 250  00 

William  Cooper 250  00 

John  Davol  . .  250  00 


WAX    FLOWERS    AT   THE    BROOKLYN    FAIR. 


John  McCracken 300  00 

J.  J  Merian 300  00 

F.  Sherwood,  sundry  collections  300  00 

Mrs.  C.  Coles,  proceeds  of  tab- 
leaux, E.  D 300  00 

Second  Presbyterian  Church . .  .  297  00 

Village  of  Flatlands,  by  R.  Ma- 

gaw  and  Rev.  Mr.  Doolittle. .  286  17 

Public      School      Examination, 

E.  D..  265  24 

» 

Village  of  Glen  Cove,  by  Miss  E. 

N.  Valentine 263  45 

Nicholas  Luqueer,  Jr.,  Soirees 

Musicales  by  self  and  friends  261  00 

Edwin  Atkins 250  00 

Joshua  Atkins..  250  00 


Abel  Denison 

George  F.  Duckwitz 

A.  M.  Earle 

Smith  J.  Eastman 

James  D.  Fish,  President 

Amasa  S.  Foster 

W.  A.  Fowler 

S.  F.  Goodridge 

W.  D.  Gookin 

Erastus  Graves 

Griffith,  Prentiss  &  McComb. 

Andrew  Harman  &  Sons 

Haslehurst  &  Smith 

Francis  Hathaway 

L.  P.  Hawes 

W.  S.  Herriman 


202 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


George  L.  Heuser $250  00 

Charles  E.  Hill 250  00 

J.  K.  Hutchinson 250  00 

Samuel  Hutchinson 250  00 

K  E.  James 250  00 

Frederick  Lacey 250  00 

W.  C.  Langley  &  Co 25000 

J.  B.  Leggett  &  Co 250  00 

E.  B.  Litchfleld 250  00 

Lord  &  Taylor 250  00 

Franklin  H.  Lummus 250  00 

W.  H.  Lyon 250  00 

H.  W.  T.  Mali 250  00 

Charles  E.  Marvin 250  00 

C.  A.  Meigs  &  Son 250  00 

James  L.  Morgan 250  00 

L.  P.  Morton  &  Co 250  00 

Mutual  Life  Insurance  Co.,  N.  Y.  250  00 

J.  M.  Nichols 250  00 

Curtis  Noble 250  00 

James  S.  Noyes 250  00 

Eugene  O'Sullivan 250  00 

E.  A.  Packer 250  00 

George  Pearce  &  Co 250  00 

R.  B.  Perry 250  00 

E.  B.  Place 250  00 

H.  G.  Reeve 250  00 

Daniel  C.  Robbing 250  00 

H.  W.  Sage 250  00 

H.  B.  Scholes 250  00 

Shethar  &  Nichols 250  00 

Hon.  Samuel  Sloan 250  00 

Hon.  Samuel  Smith 250  00 

Sturges,  Bennet  &  Co 250  00 

W.  H.  Swan 250  00 

Tefft,  Griswold  &  Kellogg 250  00 

Robert  Thallon 250  00 

Alanson  Trask 250  00 

Samuel  W.  Truslow 250  00 

S.  Van  Benschoten 250  00 

C.  F.  Van  Blankenstein 250  00 

R.  Van  Wyck 250  00 

Vernon  Brothers  &  Co 250  00 

Charles  H.  Vietor 250  00 

Frederick  W.  Vietor 250  00 

Theodore  Vietor 250  00 

William  Wall,  Jr., 250  00 

White  &  Douglass 250  00 

Village  of  Sayville,  by  Charles 

Gillette 244  00 

Town  of  Smithtown,  by  John 

Lawrence  Smith  .  241  85 


Citizens  of  U.  S.  in  Berlin,  by  A. 

C.  Woodruff $241  00 

R.  M.  Hooley,  proceeds  of  two 

benefits 238  00 

Westminster  Church 230  00 

Germania  Society 225  00 

Cuthbert  &  Cunningham 225  00 

James  H.  Hart  &  Co 22400 

Village  of  Rockaway,  by  Rev. 

R.  T.  Pearson 220  05 

Town  of  Quogue,  by  J.  F.  Foster  210  75 

Grace  Church 206  05 

Village  of  Flushing,  by  Miss  A. 

L.  Jones  and  B.  W.  Downing  204  86 

Abram  Inslee 204  16 

Women  of  Village  of  Oyster 

Bay,  by  E.  S.  Fairchild 202  00 

D.  H.  Conkling 200  00 

F.  Skinner  &  Co 200  00 

Low,  Harriman,  Durfee  &  Co . .  200  00 

N.  F.  Miller 200  00 

Garner  &  Co 20000 

F.  Butterfield  &  Co 200  00 

Horton  &  Sons 200  00 

W.  C.  Sheldon 200  00 

Brumley  &  Kellogg 200  00 

G.  M.  Richardson  &  Co 200  00 

R.  W.  Adams 200  00 

Henry  W.  Banks 200  00 

P.  T.  Barnuin 200  00 

Bentley  &  Burton 200  00 

H.  D.  Brookman 200  00 

C.  B.  Caldwell 200  00 

S.  W.  Carey 200  00 

Carter,  Stewart  &  Co 200  00 

Central  Presbyterian  Church,  by 

Mr.  Bryer 200  00 

Church  of  St.  Charles  Borromeo, 

Rev.  Dr.  Pease 200  00 

Dutcher  &  Ellery 200  00 

Henry  Elliott 200  00 

James  D.  Fish 200  00 

Hoyt,  Sprague  &  Co 200  00 

Isaac  Hyde,  Jr 200  00 

Eliza  W.  Lynde 200  00 

M.  T.  Lynde 200  00 

Manhattan  Life  Insurance  Co., 

N.  Y 200  00 

David  Moffat 200  00 

F.  D.  Moulton 200  00 

N.  E.  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Co.  200  00 

New  York  Life  Insurance  Co. . .  200  00 


APPLES  AND  DOLLARS. 


203 


S.  S.  Osborne $200  00         William  S.  Tisdale $200  00 


Packard  &  James 

Parker,  Brooks  &  Co. . 

Ariel  Patterson 

Pearce  &  Brush 

Post,  Smith  &  Co 

G.  M.  Richmond  &  Co. 
George  C.  Robinson  . . 

J.  P.  Robinson 

Theodore  Rogers 


200  00        James  L.  Truslow 200  00 

200  00         "Watson  &  Pettinger 200  00 

200  00        J.  T.  Whitehouse 200  00 

2CO  00         Franklin  Woodruff 200  00 

200  00  Village  of  Greenpoint,  by  Mrs. 

200  00  Close  and  Miss  S.  Heath 188  45 

200  00  Village  of  Mattituck,   by  John 

200  00  Shirley 179  25 

200  00         Capitoline  Association 175  00 


Thomas  F.  Rowland  . . 

Sage  &  Co 

Sheffield  &  Co 

Smith  &  Jewell 

John  Sneden 

J.  C.  Southwick 

Nathan  Southwick... 
J.  B.  Spelman  &  Sons. 

Augustus  Storrs 

Sutton,  Smith  &  Co . . 
Miss  E.  Thurston.. 


NEW   ENGLAND   KITCHEN".    APPLE    PARING. 


200  00  Mrs.  Dunn's   school  for  young 

200  00  ladies 175  00 

200  00  J.   B.  Ilutchinson,    proceeds   of 

200  00  musical  soiree 175  00 

200  00        Mrs.  James  H.  Prentice 175  00 

200  00  Village  of  New  Lots,  by  Rev.  J. 

200  00  M.  Van  Beuren 174  50 

200  00  Mrs.  H.  C.  Osborn,  pupils  of  her 

200  00  Seminary 170  85 

200  00  Town  of  East  Hampton,  by  J. 

20000  Madison  Hnntting. ..                         17049 


204 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


Town  of  Greenport,  by  Eev.  C. 

Backman $170  00 

Little    Girls'    Fair,    by   Mr.    F. 

Hodges 170  00 

Edward    Dodge,    entertainment 

by  J.  Wilson  and  friends 164  79 

Mrs.  J.  H.  Frost 158  00 

0.  F.  Blake 157  81 

Ladies'    Union     Association    of 

Hempstead 155  00 

D.  B.  Dearborn 155  00 

Masury  &  Whiton 155  00 

Village  of  Islip,  by  Rev.  Alvan 

Nash 152  00 

J.  S.  Bagley 150  00 

Brittan  Brothers 150  00 

B.  E.  Clark 150  00 

Member  of  Christ  Church,  E.  D., 

by  Rev.  A.  II.  Partridge 150  00 

George  Dickinson 150  00 

James  Douglass 150  00 

Jonathan  Earle 150  00 

Hermann  Koop 150  00 

W.  Lang,  Bailey  &  Co 150  00 

Mrs.  A.  Crittenden 149  58 

Washington     Avenue      Baptist 

Church 143  50 

Brooklyn      Heights     Seminary, 

Prof.  C.  E.  West 140  00 

Mrs.  Sparkman  and  Mrs.  Morelle  137  63 

J.  D.  Clark,  pupils  of  his  school  126  00 

Norman  Hubbard 126  00 

Village  of  Babylon,    by  Martin 

Willets 125  00 

Samuel  Engle 125  00 

James  L.  Ilathaway 125  00 

George  S.  Puffin 12500 

South  Brooklyn   Female  Semi- 
nary entertainment 125  00 

W.  M.  Steele  &  Co 125  00 

Bethel  Mission  Sunday  School, 

42  and  44  Fulton  Street 123  91 

Ericsson  Aid  Society,  by  Mrs.  A. 

B.  Lowber 120  00 

George  J.  Vining 120  00 

Gravesend  Neck,  by  S.  Gerret- 

sen 118  00 

John  Shuster 1 17  00 

Village  of  Farmingdale,  by  Chas. 

S.  Powell 115  00 

D.  S.  Waring 115  00 

Brooklyn  Daily  Union 11128 


Entertainment  by  Lizzie  C.  Corn- 
stock,  Grace  A.  and  Nellie  A. 

Bowen $111  00 

Third  Presbyterian  Church,  by 

Mrs.  Badeau 110  00 

Village  of  Brookville,  by  Rev. 

Jeremiah  Searle 108  00 

Soldiers'  Aid  Society  of  Queens  107  25 

A.  Oatman 105  00 

B.  Stevens 105  00 

Village  of  Cypress,   by  Win.  A. 

Walker 104  10 

Presbyterian  Church,  Wallabout, 

Rev.  Dr.  Greenleaf 100  10 

Anthony  &  Hall '. .  100  00 

Woodward,  Lawrence  &  Co 100  00 

Dummock  &  Moore 100  00 

Hunt,  Tillinghast  &  Co 100  00 

Sprague,  Cooper  &  Colburn  ...  100  00 

Rice,  Chase  &  Co 100  00 

F.  Newman 100  00 

Carhart,  Bacon,  Greene  &  Co.  .  100  00 

Pastor,  Hardt  &  Lindgens 100  00 

Slade  &  Colby 100  00 

Ezra  M.  Frost 100  00 

Howell  &  King 100  00 

Becar  &  Co 100  00 

Wm.  Lottimer  &  Co 100  00 

Wm.  B.  Leonard 100  00 

B.  H.  Hutton 100  00 

Chapman  &  Co 100  00 

E.  M.   Lord 100  00 

Bowers,  Beeckman  &  Bradford, 

Jr 100  00 

Arnold,  Constable  &  Co 100  00 

E.  S.  Jaffray  &  Co .  100  00 

Furman  Hunt 100  00 

Walter  Lockwood 100  00 

George  Mygatt 100  00 

Thomas  &  Co 100  00 

Chas.  Welling  &  Co 100  00 

Stanfield,  Went  worth  &  Co 100  00 

Wicks,  Smith  &  Co 100  00 

Wm.  Brand  &  Co 100  00 

W.  H.  Lee  &  Co 100  00 

E.  E.  Eames 100  00 

Henry  Stone 100  00 

Knower  &  Platt 100  00 

J.  &  H.  Auchincloss 100  00 

Joseph  H.  Adams  &  Coombs. . .  100  00 

Carlos  Bardwell 100  00 

D.  S.  Barnes..  100  00 


DOLLARS   IN  HUNDREDS. 


205 


Henry  W.  Barstow 

John  C.  Beatty 

Robert  W.  Beatty 

Henry  G.  Bell. 

Benner  &  Brown 

James  B.  Blossom 

Josiah  B.  Blossom 

John  Blunt 

John  B.  Bogart 

Breithaupt  &  Wilson 

Broadway  Eailroad  Co 

Brooklyn  Athenaeum  and  Read- 
ing-Room 

Mrs.  George  W.  Brown 

Joseph  B.  Brush 

Charles  J.  Bulkley 

T.  P.  Bucklin,  Jr 

T.  B.  Bunting  &  Co 

James  Burt 

Caesar  &  Pauli 

Ewald  Caron 

J.  S.  Case 

S.  T.  Caswell 

Central  Bank 

Chapman  &  Co 

Pickering  Clark 

Geo.  A.  Clark  &  Brother 

Clark,  Clapp  &  Co 

Robert  Colgate  &  Co 

George  Collins 

Connecticut  Mutual  Life  Insu- 
rance Co.,  Hartford 

Charles  W.  Cooper 

Cross  &  Austin 

Henry  Davis 

H.  II.  Dickinson 

Benjamin  Dietz 

Margaret  Dimon 

Dodge  &  Olcott 

D.  K.  Ducker 

E.  W.  Dunham 

Charles  Easton 

C.  F.  Elwell 

Entertainment  by  Sarah  E.  Con- 
nor and  A.  C.  Smith 

Frederick  C.  Farley 

Thomas  Faye 

Wm.  Finney 

Flagg,  Baldwin  &  Co 

John  R.  Ford 

TV.  C.  Fowler 

Fowler  &  TVard  . . 


100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
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100  00 
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100  00 
100  00 


James  H.  Frothiugham 

Isaac  Gerry 

J.  M.  Goetchius 

A.  F.  Goodnow 

Charles  Goodwin 

TVerner  Graeve 

H.  W.  Gray 

Greenpoint  Sugar  House 

James  M.  Griggs 

Guardian  Life  Insurance  Co . . 

John  Harold 

C.  F.  A.  Heinrichs 

Nathaniel  Hillyer 

Frank  Hinchman 

J.  H.  Holcomb 

Holmes,  Booth  &  Haydens. . . 
George  T.  Hope 

B.  H.  Howell 

George  Howes 

J.  Freeman  Hunt 

W.  B.  Hunter 

F.  W.  Hurd,  M.  D 

David  H.  James 

W.  H.  Jenkins 

A.  G.  Jerome 

Dwight  Johnson 

Johnson  &  Spader 

Frederick  TV.  Kalbfleisch .... 

Samuel  T.  Keese 

Charles  Kelsey 

A.  E.  Kent  &  Co 

M.  S.  Kerrigan 

Godfrey  H.  Koop 

Thomas  TV.  Ladd 

F.  A.  Lane 

H.  G.  Lapharn 

O.  K.  Lapham 

TVm.  Layton 

Lee,  Bliss  &  Co 

TV.  B.  Leonard 

S.  Livingston 

Loeschigk,  TVesendonck  &  Co. 

C.  J.  Lowrey 

TV.  D.  Mangam 

Martin  &  Ritchie 

Edward  McClellan 

Alexander  McCollum 

Charles  McDougall 

Thomas  D.  Middleton 

Miller  &  Co 

S.  Milliken,  Jr 

Wm.  Wickham  Mills  . . 


$100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
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100  00 
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100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 


206 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


C.  S.  Mitchell,  M.  D. $100  00 

Muller  &  Kruger 100  00 

W.  M.  Newell 100  00 

Franklin  Newman 100  00 

George  L.  Nichols 100  00 

Thomas  H.  Norris 100  00 

Augustus  Nottebohm 100  00 

David  O'Neill 100  00 

Paton&  Co 100  -0.0 

George  L.  Paye  &  Co 100  00 

George  P.  Payson 100  00 

Pierrepont  St.  Baptist  Church. .          100  00 

Port  Jefferson,  by  Eev.  L.  Stew- 
ard          100  00 

Purdue  &  Ward 18000 

Alex.  P.  Purves , 100  00 

Railroad    Directors,    by   II.    A. 
Kent 

Rice,  Chase  &  Co 

Henry  C.  Richardson 

Geo.  W.  Robbins 

Roche  Brothers  &  Coffey 

Thomas  Rowe 

R.  W.  Russell 

John  Scrymser 

Michael  Snow 

George  G.  Spencer 

State  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Co. 

of  Worcester 100  00 

Edward  II.  Stephenson 100  00 

Stony  Brook,  by  Col.  W.  S.  Wil- 
liamson          100  00 

Total  cash  contributions $208,523  3(i 

Besides  the  sums  mentioned  in  the  foregoing  list  as  having  been  given  by 
churches,  the  various  congregations  of  Brooklyn  and  Long  Island  made  dona- 
tions of  goods,  which,  when  turned  into  money,  represented  some  $60,000 
more.  Well  may  Brooklyn  be  called  the  City  of  Churches. 

The  day  that  saw  the  opening  of  the  Brooklyn  and  Long  Island  Fair 
witnessed,  also,  the  opening  of  the  Albany  Bazaar;  the  East  River  at  its 
mouth,  and  the  North  River  at  its  source,  alike  spent  the  memorable  anni- 
versary in  works  of  inauguration.  Like  the  Brooklynites,  the  Albanians  had 
begun  weeks  before.  A  circular  had  been  issued  early  in  January,  in  which 
stern  fact  was  gracefully  mingled  with  stimulating  appeal: 

"  The  more  supplies,  the  more  the  cost  of  properly  and  economically 
distributing  them.  We  must  maintain  our  machinery,  or  the  meal  that  comes 
to  our  mill  will  never  be  converted  into  bread  for  the  soldier.'' 


Strasburger  &  Nuhn $100  00 

Alexander  Stud  well 100  00 

Thomas  Sullivan 100  00 

C.  C.  &  II.  M.  Taber 100  00 

C.  B.  Tatham 100  00 

Wra.  Taylor  &  Sons 100  00 

Thomas  &  Benham 100  00 

Thomas  &  Co 100  00 

H.  Thomas  <fc  Co 100  00 

B.  C.  Townsend 100  00 

G.  C.  Tread.well  &  Co 100  00 

J.  S.  Underbill 100  00 

Union  Mutual  Insurance  Co..  .  .  100  00 

Vyse  &  Sons 100  00 

B.  A.  Wardell 100  00 

II.  B.  Wardell 100  00 

C.  C.  Warren 100  00 

Joseph  A.  Weeden 100  00 

David  Wesson 100  00 

B.  &  G.  Westlake 100  00 

Westlake  &  McKee 100  00 

Granville  WThittlesey 100  00 

Williams  &  Whittlesey 100  00 

Wilmot   &  Kissam  Manufactur- 
ing Company 100  00 

Woodruff  &  Robinson 100  00 

David  Wood 100  00 

Nicholas  Wyckoff. 100  00 

Sums  collected  by  committees 
of  the  fair,  sums  given  anony- 
mously, and  sums  under  $100  33,481  9!) 


THE   ALBAXY   ARMY   RELIEF  BAZAAR.  207 

"  No  man  is  so  wealthy  or  high,  and  no  man  so  poor  or  degraded,  as  to 
refuse  the  gift  of  patriotism  on  the  altar  of  our  common  country.  At  the 
recent  fair  in  Boston  the  millionaire  piled  his  munificent  gifts  on  a  common 
table  with  the  voluntary  handicraft  labors  of  the  inmates  of  the  Charlestown 
State  Prison." 

While  the  neighboring  towns  and  villages  were  preparing  to  make  a 
worthy  response  to  the  call  of  Albany,  an  interesting  question  arose  as  to  what 
a  not  distant  city  would  do.  What  could  be  expected  of  Troy  ?  Or,  rather, 
could  any  thing  be  expected  of  Troy  ?  For  Troy  had  for  years  looked  askance 
at  Albany,  and  Albany  had  returned  the  sidelong  glance.  There  had  been 
rivalries  between  them ;  there  had  been  quarrels  about  a  bridge ;  Troy, 
though  the  current  ran  from  it  to  its  neighbor,  declared  that  Albany  disturbed 
and  muddied  the  stream  as  it  flowed  by  Trojan  banks  ;  Albany  retorted  that 
that  could  not  well  be,  unless  streams  ran  up  hill.  In  short,  they  could  not 
both  drink  from  the  same  waters,  and  was  it  possible  for  them  both  to  meet 
under  one  roof  to  further  one  object?  Happily,  the  cause  was  one  that  might 
have  reconciled  greater  enmities ;  it  might  have  persuaded  the  wolf  to  lie 
down  with  the  lamb  ;  and  it  harmonized  Albany  and  Troy.  It  prevailed,  too, 
upon  Schenectady;  and  Cohoes  and  Hudson.  Kinderhook  and  Saratoga, 
Middleburgh  and  Waterford,  obeyed  the  summons  as  well. 

The  officers,  directors  and  managers  of  the  Albany  Army  Belief  Bazaar 
were  as  follows : 

President,  Vice-President, 

HON.  GEORGE  H.  THACHER.  HON.  ELI  PEERY. 

Secretary,  Treasurer, 

JOHN  TAYLER  HALL.  CHAUNCEY  P.  WILLIAMS. 

General  Directors, 

MAJ.-GEN.  JOHN  E.  WOOL,  Troy.  HON.  HUGH  WHITE,  Cohoes. 

BRIG.-GEN.  JOHN  T.  SPRAGUE,  Albany.  HON.  PLATT  POTTER,  Schenectady. 

MAJOR  HENRY  A.  BRIGHAM,  West  Troy.  HON.  THEODORE  MILLER,  Hudson. 

HON.  JOHN  CRAMER,  Waterford.  HON.  PETER  S:  DANFORTH,  Middleburgh. 

Local  Directors. 

ERASTUS  CORNING,  LYMAN  TREMAIN, 

JOSEPH  II.  RAMSEY,  CHARLES  M.  JENKINS, 

HARMON  PUMPELLY,  ROBERT  BOYD, 

THOMAS  SCHUYLER,  ALDEN  MARCH,  M.  D., 

PETER  MONTEATH,  JOSEPH  C.  Y.  PAIGE, 

SAMUEL  II.  RANSOM,  MASON  F.  COGSWELL,  M.  D., 

PETER  CAGGER,  THOMAS  W.  OLCOTT, 

HENRY  II.  MARTIN,  JOHN  K.  PORTER, 

GEORGE  WOLFORD,  FRANKLIN  TOWNSEXD, 

WILLIAM  H.  DEWrrr,  JOHN  TWEDDLE, 


208 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


SMITH  BRIGGS, 

RUFUS  H.  KING, 

THURLOW  WEED, 

CHARLES  VAN  BENTHUYSEN, 

ALEXANDER  S.  JOHNSON, 

PETER  GANSEVOORT, 

EZRA  P.  PRENTICE, 

S.  OAKLEY  VANDERPOEI.,  M.  D., 


JOHN  SWINBURNE,  M.  D., 
WILLIAM  BARNES, 
CLARK  B.  COCHRANE, 
WILLIAM  A.  YOUNG, 
JEREMIAH  J.  AUSTIN, 
HENRY  Q.  HAWLEY, 
AZARIAH  E.  STIMSON, 
CHARLES  B.  REDFIELD. 


HON.  GEO.  H.  THAOHEK, 

JOHN  TAYLER  HALL, 

CHARLES  H.  STRONG, 

JAMES  H.  ARMSBY,  M.  D., 

S.  OAKLEY  VANDERPOEL,  M.  D., 

HENRY  Q.  HAWLEY, 

JACOB  C.  CUYLER, 

FRANK  CHAMBERLAIN, 

CHARLES  B.  REDFIELD, 

HENRY  T.  BUELL, 

JOHN  H.  VAN  ANTWERP, 


Managers, 


WM.  A.  SHEPARD, 
DAVID  A.  WELLS, 


SOLOMON  HYDEMAN, 
ARTHUR  BOTT, 
THOMAS  KEARNEY, 
JAMES  MCNAUGHTON, 
JOHN  TWEDDLE, 
MRS.  ELI  PERRY, 
MRS.  WM.  WHITE, 
MRS.  FRANKLIN  TOWNSEND, 
MRS.  CHARLES  B.  REDFIELD, 
MRS.  THOMAS  HUN, 
MRS.  JAMES  GOOLD. 
Managers  for  Troy, 

MRS.  GEO.  M.  TIBBITS, 
MRS.  JOHN  FLAQG. 


As  Albany  possessed  no  building  fit  to  be  the  scene  of  the  proposed 
solemnities,  an  edifice  was  built,  and  the  chronicles  state  that  it  rose  like  the 
palace  of  Aladdin.  It  was  not  a  Greek  Cross,  nor  yet  a  Latin  Cross,  but  a 
double  Greek  Cross,  the  two  naves  running  parallel,*  and  the  two  transepts 
coalescing  into  one.  The  ceremonies  of  dedication  fell  to  the  lot  of  Mr. 
Thacher,  President  of  the  day,  to  Horatio  Seymour,  Governor  of  the  State, 
and  to  Alfred  B.  Street,  poet  of  the  occasion.  The  lanyard  was  pulled  at  the 
appointed  time,  and  the  several  duties  were  worthily  discharged. 

Let  us  visit  the  Greek  Crosses  under  the  guidance  of  "The  Canteen/'  a 
vessel  which  cheers,  but  not  inebriates;  we  shall  find  it  no  blind  guide, 
despite  its  name ;  it  is  no  irresponsible  cicerone,  though  edited  by  Mr.  Smith. 
First,  we  take  a  general  view  of  the  scene,  and  learn,  or  rather  see,  that 
"  what  the  nymphs  and  graces  were  to  the  mythology  of  the  golden  age,  the 
ladies  are  to  the  living  realities  of  the  bazaar.  They  occupy  its  haunts,  and 
their  bland  smiles  irradiate  every  department."  We  find  that  it  is  their 
hands  that  have  twined  the  pendent  wreaths,  that  have  made  ladies'  boudoirs 


*  We  never  write  of  naves  without  shuddering  at  the  possibility  of  a  painful  typographical  error, 
which,  having  occurred  once,  may  again.  It  was  some  time  since  our  fortune,  when  thousands  of 
miles  away  from  the  printer,  to  be  made  to  say  :  "  As  Louis  Napoleon  entered  the  crowded  Cathedral, 
the  appearance  of  the  knave  was  truly  magnificent !"  And  certain  persons  maintained  that  this  paltry 
play  upon  words  was  intentional.  And  here  we  are,  now,  with  two  naves  to  beware  of. 


THE  FAIR  NEWSPAPERS. 


209 


out  of  carpenters'  booths,  and  that  have  filled  them  with  wares  which  sell 
themselves  but  not  the  purchasers.  We  are  told  that  it  is  our  duty  and 
should  be  our  pleasure  to  become  hungry  and  thirsty,  as  we  look  at  the 
maidens  who  dispense  refreshments,  arrayed  in  a  becoming  and  uniform 


THE  FAIR   NEWSPAPERS. 

THE  SPIRIT  OP  THE  FAIK  :  NEW  YORK.  THE  VOLUNTEER:  CHICAGO. 

THE  DRUM  BEAT:  BROOKLYN.  THE  CANTEEN:  ALBANY.  THE  SPRINGFIELD  MUSKET. 

THE  DAILY  COUNTERSIGN:  ST.  LOUIS.  THE  LADIES1  KNAPSACK!  CINCINNATI. 


apparel.  We  would  not  exchange  our  cup-bearer  for  her  who  waited  on 
Jove ;  and  we  are  grateful  that  our  lot  is  cast,  not  among  the  Olympians, 
but  amid  the  Knickerbockers. 

Still  under  the  direction  of  The  Canteen,  we  descend  to  particulars.      We 
14 


210  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

find  in  the  Yankee  booth  a  model  of  Bunker  Hill  Monument  made  of 
parched  corn ;  a  Continental  churn,  one  hundred  and  fifty  years  old,  happily 
innocent  of  any  share  in  recent  butter  monopolies ;  doughnuts,  cider,  and 
clothes-wringers  ;  expensive  illustrated  books,  published  by  a  banker  impris- 
oned for  treason,  half  the  proceeds  to  go  to  his  destitute  family.  We  also 
notice  that  the  ladies  attending  are  the  "most  pleasing  in  the  fair."  At  the 
United  States  booth  we  observe  a  counterpart  of  the  Brooklyn  Old  Lady  who 
lived  in  a  Shoe.  "Buy  any  dolls  to-day?"  "No,  my  dear,  I  haven't  any 
little  girls  to  play  with  them."  "  Then  you  can  play  with  them  yourself." 
And  a  doll  is  bought  The  ladies  here  are  among  the  most  attractive  in 
Albany.  Still,  they  are  not  to  be  compared  with  those  attached  to  the  wigwam. 
"  The  hut  is  hung  with  the  trophies  of  war  and  the  chase ;  the  canoe  is  drawn 
up  waiting  the  opening  of  the  streams ;  the  snow-shoes  are  near  the  door  and 
ready  for  any  emergency."  Bows  and  arrows,  baskets,  bead-work,  spear-heads, 
&c.,  &c.,  are  disposed  of  upon  reasonable  terms  by  the  following  loyal  Indians : 
Metamora,  Maneoka,  Hiawatha,  Pocahontas,  Wawatasa,  Owassa,  Minnehaha, 
Opechee,  Winona,  and  Tawashaganshee. 

The  department  of  Military  Trophies,  furnished  principally  from  Col. 
Doty's  bureau  of  military  statistics,  was  one  of  the  most  complete  of  the  many 
sanitary  museums  of  this  kind,  containing,  as  it  did,  a  musket-stock  used  and 
broken  at  Bunker  Hill ;  the  sword  of  Aaron  Burr ;  Lafayette's  camp-kettle ; 
Washington's  razor  and  fire-shovel ;  a  pistol,  said  to  have  belonged  to  Corn- 
wallis ;  the  <coat  worn  by  Colonel  Ellsworth  when  he  was  slain ;  the  last  letter 
written  by  him  to  his  parents ;  the  flag  of  the  Marshall  House — the  latter 
guarded  by  Lieut.  Brownell,  who  avenged  the  death  of  his  commander ;  a 
bronze  24-pounder,  surrendered  by  Burgoyne ;  howitzers  used  by  Mad 
Anthony  Wayne  in  the  Indian  wars,  and  a  beautifully  graduated  series  of 
grapeshot,  canister,  and  shells ;  specimens  of  muskets  and  ammunition  from 
the  various  foundries ;  rifled  projectiles  from  Cold  Spring,  and  a  most  interest- 
ing collection  of  tattered  flags  of  New  York  regiments. 

The  Scottish  booth  was  taken,  by  persons  who  came  upon  it  suddenly,  for 
a  massive  baronial  castle,  built  of  solid  stone.  Ancient  armor  and  a  St. 
Andrew's  Cross  adorned  the  walls.  The  tartan  and  bonnet  graced  the  per- 
sons of  the  bonnie  lassies  who  were  toiling  for  their  soldier  laddies ;  who 
found  that  there  was  nae  luck  aboot  the  house  when  their  gude  man's  awa' ; 
and  who  were  strongly  resolved  to  give  aid  and  comfort  to  all  Scots  who  had 
wi'  Wallace  bled.  Miss  Bruce  presided  at  the  Caledonian  counter,  aided  by 
the  Cochranes,  the  McNaughtons,  the  Dicksons,  and  the  Davidsons. 


THE  ALBANY  ARMY  RELIEF  BAZAAR.          2]  1 

At  the  Shaker  booth  the  sisters  of  Obadiah  dispensed  sage,  rue,  and  bone- 
set  ;  brooms,  baskets,  and  rugs ;  fans,  chairs,  and  afghans.  They  were  not 
opposed  to  raffling,  and  offered,  to  be  disposed  of  by  lot,  a  miniature  meeting- 
house filled  with  Shaker  worshippers,  with  a  gallery  of  worldly  and  unsympa- 
thizing  spectators. 

The  Hollanders — apparently  the  very  same  who  ate  olykookes  and  traded 
with  the  Indians — invited  the  purchaser  to  take  a  pipe  and  witness  the  mys- 
teries of  quilting.  They  showed  him  a  fac-simile  of  an  old-time  pulpit,  carved 
out  of  the  very  oak  of  the  pulpit  itself;  a  looking-glass  one  hundred  and  fifty 
years  old ;  and  a  cake  baked  in  Holland  while  Franklin  Pierce  was  President. 

Waters  fresh  from  the  spring  flowed  sparkling  from  their  prison-house,  at 
the  bidding  of  him  who  produced  his  papers  at  the  desk  named  Saratoga. 
This  matter  of  beverages  being  the  peculiar  province  of  The  Canteen,  we  quote 
from  its  foaming  contents :  "  Saratoga  commands  the  attention  of  the  fashion- 
able world.  The  Orientals  are  here,  the  French  flit  past,  the  military  tarry, 
the  Germans  lounge  around,  the  Shakers  stay  away,  the  Sybil  comes,  the 
Indians  leave  their  wares,  the  tide  of  travel  has  set  in,  and  Saratoga  is  gay." 

A  gorgeous  harp — the  outlines  defined  by  jets  of  gas — a  very  fine  likeness 
of  St.  Patrick,  and  the  national  colors  of  Green  Erin,  bade  the  passer-by  halt 
at  the  stand  of  Ould  Ireland.  Here  was  "  Tara's  Hall,"  built  of  burrs  and 
nutshells,  with  obligate  harp  accompaniment ;  here  were  one  hundred  canes 
cut  from  a  palmetto  log ;  medals  and  rosaries  blessed  by  Pius  IX.  ;  a  ship 
under  full  sail ;  a  caged  thrush,  an  embroidered  peacock,  and  many  beautiful 
articles  in  ebony,  marble,  wax,  and  worsted.  The  Irish  booth  was  lined  with 
mirrors  ;  and  these,  when  Mrs.  Dr.  O'Callaghan,  and  Mrs.  Delehauty,  and  Mrs. 
Annesley,  and  Miss  Kearney,  and  Miss  Cassidy  stood  before  them,  were  said 
to  reflect  great  credit  upon  the  bazaar. 

At  the  Italian  booth,  Fra  Diavolo  had  turned  salesman,  and  dispensed 
vases,  pictures,  and  mosaics.  He  must  have  rifled  many  a  tourist's  luggage 
to  furnish  so  rich  a  collection.  There  was  nothing  of  the  brigand  about  him, 
not  even  in  his  prices.  The  belief  entertained  by  many  that  the  Italian  ban- 
dits are  in  league  with  the  peasantry,  was  strengthened  by  the  spectacle  pre- 
sented here,  where  the  freebooter  above-named  was  openly  aided  by  villagers 
in  disposing  of  the  spoils.  If  they  shared  the  plunder,  is  it  not  probable  that 
they  had  a  hand  in  the  furnishing  of  the  wares  ? 

Here  is  a  booth  in  which  two  grand  departments  are  merged :  France 
and  Perfumery.  This  is  a  just  return  for  a  classification  made  in  the  French 
World's  Fair :  America  and  India-Rubber.  The  Oriental  booth,  distinguished 


212 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


by  the  star  and  crescent,  presents  a  curious  mixture  of  feigned  indifference 
and  silent  energy  on  the  part  of  its  occupants,  to  whose  "  careless  luxuriance" 
The  Canteen  refers  in  terms  of  commendation.  The  Turk,  the  Albanian, 
and  the  Greek,  are  figured  by  gentlemen  ;  in  the  costumes  of  ladies  we  recog- 
nize the  Syrian,  the  Smyrniote,  the  Constantinopolitan,  the  Algerine,  the  Cir- 
cassian, the  Moor,  and  the  Persian. 

Spain  and  Scheneetady !  These  first-class  powers  occupied  adjoining 
quarters,  separated  only  by  a  thin  partition.  In  the  first,  wares  were  offered 
by  ladies  as  Andalusian  as  themselves,  while  the  second  proposed  goods  rather 
useful  than  ornamental,  by  the  hands  of  saleswomen  who  were  quite  as  much 
one  as  the  other.  Had  it  been  the  grape  season,  doubtless  the  Spaniards 
would  have  -sold  the  Isabellas,  while  the  Catawbas  would  have  been  found 
at  the  wigwam. 

Kinderhook  and  Japan :!  Switzerland  and  Troy !  We  pass  these  repre- 
sentatives of  mighty  empires  with  regret.  We  linger  in  Palmer's  Studio, 
where  hospitality  is  extended  by  Palmer  Marbles  to  Boughton,  Kensett,  Hart, 
and  Cropsey,  and  many 'Other  Oils.  We  'take  a  ticket — one  in  five  thousand 
— in  the  raffle  for  the  original  draft  of  the  first  Emancipation  Proclamation, 
which,  however,  we  do  not  win,  as  the  wheel,  with  great  propriety,  names 
Grerritt  Smith  as  the  owner.  We  return  our  thanks  to  our  guide,  take  an- 
other pull  at  The  'Canteen — by  which  language  we  'mean  that  we  grasp  and 
shake  the  hand  of  the  editor — and  emerge  into  the  open  air,  and  sit  down  to 
the  preparation  of  the  following  tables  : 

Total  receipts  of  the  Albany  Bazaar $111,974  64 

Net  profit,  about 83,000  00 

The  following  is  an  abstract  of  the  cash  contributions  : 


Contributions  of  German  citi- 
zens, by  Arthur  Bott $1,250  00 

J.  Cohn  &  Brother,  from  Hebrew 

ladies 518  50 

Employees  of  Delavan  House,  by 
D.  Roeple  &  Son 489  50 

Watervliet  Turnpike  and  R.  R. 
Co 376  75 

E.  Corning  &  Co 350  00 

City  of  Albany 300  00 

Volunteer  Relief  Association,  by 

W.  S.  Briggs 283  11 

Troy  Tickets 275  50 

New  York  State  Bank . .  250  00 


Ladies'  Aid  Society  of  Knox,  by 

John  Hyser $263  55 

Rufns  H.  King 250  00 

Mechanics'  &  'Farmers'  Bank. .  .  250  00 

Commercial  Bank 250  00 

City  Bank . .  250  00 

Themas  Schuyler 250  00 

Thomas  W.  Olcott 250  00 

Ransom  &  Co 250  00 

Columbian  Insurance  Co.,  N.  Y. 

City 250  00 

Jenkins  Van  Schaick,  N.  Y.,  by 

Miss  Harriet  Weed 250  00 

Samuel  Schuyler 250  00 


THE   NORTHERN  OHIO  SANITARY   FAIR. 


213 


E.  P.  Prentice $250  00 

Alfred  E.  Wild 250  00 

Stephen  Van  Rensselaer 250  00 

Employees  of  Watervliet  Arse- 
nal, by  D.  Walton 233  00 

E.  A.  Clapp 216  15 

Albany  Exchange  Bank 200  00 

A.  Van  Sanvoord 200  00 

W.  G.  Thomas 100  00 

Merchants'  Bank 100  00 

Union  Bank 100  00 

Hawkins,  Van  Antwerp  &  Co. .  100  00 

Edson  &'Co 100  00 

J.  J.  Austin 100  00 

James  Kidd 100  00 

Crook,  Palmer  &  Co. . .". 100  00 

W.  N.  Strong 100  00 

Alanson  A.  Sumner 100  00 

Albany  Gaslight  Co 100  00 

Thurlow  Weed 100  00 

H.  Pumpelly 100  00 

Viele,  Coles  &  Woodruff 100  00 

Charles  Van  Benthuysen 100  00 

C.  Hammond,  Crown  Point 100  00 

Weed,  Parsons  &  Co 100  00 

Commerce  Insurance  Co 100  00 

Albany  Insurance  Co 100  00 

Albany  City  Fire  Insurance  Co.  100  00 

Alexander  Van  Rensselaer 100  00 

Sharon  Soldiers'  Aid  Society. . .  100  00 

Thomas  Olcott 100  00 

Egbert  Egbert 100  00 

George  Dawson 100  00 

William  H.  Dewitt 100  00 

J.  Taylor  Cooper 100  00 

John  F.  Rathbone 100  00 

J.  H.  Ten  Eyck 100  00 

E.  C.  Delavan 100  00 

Washington  Society  of  Saratoga 

Springs,  by  M.  W.  Putnam. . .  99  21 

Archibald  McClure 50  00 

William  Newton 50  00 

Charles  B.  Lansing 50  00 


J.  B.  L.  Pruyn 

H.  H.  Martin 

E.  Wickes 

George  A.  Woolverton 

Taylor  &  Waterman 

A.  B.  McCoy 

Friend  Humphrey's  Sons .... 

John  Tweddle 

M.  H.  Read 

William  Gould 

R.  S.  &  P.  Cushman 

Ross  &  Crocker 

Hon.  J.  R.  Mattison 

Mutual  Insurance  Co 

Hugh  White,  Cohoes 

D.  J.  Boyd 

Hon.  Horatio  Seymour 

Dr.  Alden  March 

John  Taylor's  Sons 

C.B.  Redfield 

Win.  White 

George  H.  Thacher 

Mrs.  George  II.  Thacher 

D.  S.  Lathrop 

Eli  Perry 

Mrs.  Mary  S.  Wayland 

White,  Loveland  &  Co 

C.  H.  Adams : 

Peter  Vansevoort 

R.  M.  Vansickler  &  Forby .... 

Frank  Chamberlain 

Shear,  Packard  &  Co 

Birdsell,  Tassett  &  Olcott 

Isaac  W.  Vosburgh 

Samuel  Anable 

Wilson,  Lansing  &  Co 

C.  B.  Williams 

William  Headlam , 

J.  &  C.B.  Holt 

Peter  Monteath , 

Clark,  Sumner  &  Co 

George  C.  Treadwell 

James  Edwards 


$50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
30  00 


The  Northern  Ohio  Sanitary  Fair,  held  at  Cleveland,  opened  late  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1864,  and  ran  a  prosperous  career  of  rather  more  than  a  fortnight. 
The  following  is  the  official  report  of  the  Treasurer,  Mr.  T.  P.  Handy.  The 
estimates  which  appear  therein  have  been  fully  borne  out  by  the  subsequent 
sales : 


214  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Cash  donations $14,950  77 

Received  from  forty-four  booths  in  Bazaar 19,082  96 

"         "       Fine  Art  Hall  and  Museum   1,880  63 

"         "       Mechanics'  Hall 4,335  21 

"         "       Dramatic  entertainments 1,040  15 

"         "       Stereopticon 53275 

"         "      Floral  Hall  booths 3,209  07 

"          "       sale  of  tickets  for  admission,  evening  entertainments,  and  dining 

hall 33,831  00 

"          "       other  sources  in  Bazaar 2,491  07 

"          "       sale  of  buildings,  furniture,  &c 9,941  00 

Estimate  of  value  of  coal  promised,  not  yet  received 4,600  00 

"               "     Machinery  and  articles  unsold 3,200  00 

"               "     Potatoes  and  other  vegetables  delivered  to  S.  A.  Society. .  2,349  08 


Gross  receipts $101,443  69 

Expenses 22,892  36 


Net  receipts $78,551  33 

"Of  this  result,"  wrote  Mr.  Handy,  ."Cleveland  has  a  right  to  be  proud. 
Among  the  many  cities  in  which  sanitary  fairs  have  been  held,  none  have 
done  better  than  our  own.  Cleveland  numbered,  in  1860,  when  the  last 
census  was  taken,  43,417  inhabitants.  Taking  this  as  a  basis,  the  net  receipts 
of  the  fair,  if  divided  among  the  people,  would  average  $1.  80  to  every  man, 
woman,  and  child  in  the  city.  On  the  same  basis  of  calculation,  neither 
Brooklyn  nor  Cincinnati  can  claim  an  average  of  more  than  $1.  50  of  net 
receipts  per  inhabitant,  while  Chicago,  Boston,  Buffalo,  Albany,  &c.,  are  com- 
pletely distanced.  It  may  be  claimed  that  the  population  of  Cleveland  has 
greatly  increased  since  1860,  and  that  our  city  received  great  aid  in  canying 
on  the  fair  from  other  towns,  and,  in  fact,  from  all  Northern  Ohio.  Both 
these  propositions  are  indisputable,  but  similar  ones  can  be  urged  with  equal 
force  in  regard  to  every  other  city  in  which  a  fair  has  been  held.  So  that 
Cleveland  may  proudly  claim  the  banner,  as  the  city  in  which  the  most  suc- 
cessful sanitary  fair,  proportionately,  has  yet  been  held." 

Inspired  by  the  Cleveland  Fair,  the  editor  of  the  Louisville  Sanitary 
Reporter  made  the  following  eloquent  remarks :  "  We  cannot  help  thinking 
that  the  good  results  of  these  fairs  are  not  to  rest  with  the  contributions  to 
the  soldiers'  comfort  alone — are  not  to  be  estimated  in  so  many  dollars  for 
socks,  sourkrout,  onions,  and  potatoes.  To  promote  their  comfort,  to  be  able 
to  buy  these  essentials  for  the  army,  is  an  incalculable  good.  But  this  charity 
is  twice  blessed.  A  rich  and  subtle  blessing  must  lie  in  the  wide  sympa- 
thies called  out,  the  new  relations  of  acquaintance,  friendship,  and  intimacy 
formed,  and  in  the  surprising  revelation  of  talent  and  worth  in  remote  and 


THE   POUGIIKEEPSIE   FAIR. 

unexplored  localities.  Neighbors  and  neighborhoods  must  come  to  respect 
each  other  more,  to  depend  upon  each  other  more,  and  wonder  that  they  have 
missed  finding  each  other  out  so  long.  Prejudice  must  be  softened ;  artificial 
barriers  must  give  way  to  a  freer  intercourse,  and  tenderness  of  feeling  and 
judgment  must  take  the  place  of  sour  suspicion.  After  so  complete  a  flooding 
of  all  the  field  of  life  with  the  resistless  tide  of  a  sweet  and  noble  enthusiasm, 
we  cannot  but  look  for  a  new  bloom  and  unexampled  harvests." 

To  Poughkeepsie-on-the-Hudson,  in  the  order  of  succession.  Here  a 
party  of  young  people  were  collected  at  a  lady's  house,  for  an  evening's 
amusement,  in  the  month  of  January,  1864.  The  idea  of  holding  a  fair  for 
the  soldiers  was  broached  by  one  of  the  youngest  ladies  present,  and  spread 
among  the  others  like  a  beneficent  contagion.  The  customary  meetings  were 
held;  the  enthusiasm  was  judiciously  forced  into  profitable  channels,  dates 
were  fixed,  officers  appointed :  Mrs.  James  Winslow  being  chosen  President, 
Mrs.  Chas.  H.  Ruggles,  Secretary,  and  Miss  Sarah  M.  Carpenter,  Treasurer. 
There  was  a  committee  of  women  to  do  the  work,  and  a  committee  of  men  to 
give  advice.  Mr.  Matthew  Yassar  offered  the  society  the  use  of  a  spacious  five- 
story  building,  and  here  the  fair  was  held. 

To  such  an  extent  was  the  activity  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  City  of 
Poughkeepsie  and  County  of  Dutchess  concentrated  upon  this  one  work,  that 
every  man,  woman,  and  child  between  eight  and  eighty  were  said  to  be 
engaged  in  it.  They  had  sent  three  thousand  soldiers  to  the  field,  and  might 
set  them  an  example  of  zeal,  if  not  of  prowess.  As  the  time  drew  near,  the 
treasury  began  to  show  signs  of  life :  rills  of  vitality  flowing  in  from  school 
exhibitions,  lectures,  concerts,  living  pictures,  and  from  the  subscription 
books  circulated  among  the  solid  men.  At  last  the  day  came.  Julius 
Caesar  may  have  had  cause  to  beware  the  15th  of  March,  but  not  certain  other 
soldiers  of  a  later  dispensation,  for  on  that  auspicious  day  the  portals  of  the 
Poughkeepsie  Fair  were  opened  wide !  The  mud  was  of  that  depth  and  con- 
sistency so  prized  by  makers  of  street  pies,  so  dreaded  by  conductors  of 
siege  trains.  Where  the  guns  would  have  been  engulfed,  and  perhaps  spiked 
and  abandoned,  the  lighter  vehicles  passed  safely  on,  drawing  up  at  the 
Vassar  Emporium  of  Sanitary  Relief.  But  the  sight,  it  seems,  was  worth  the 
journey. 

Imagine  saleswomen  whose  eyes  and  cheeks  possessed  qualities  enabling 
them  to  "  impart  the  hue  of  a  blush  to  a  cigar-case,  and  the  flavor  of  a  smile 
to  an  oyster  stew."  That  this  was  done  is  the  assertion  of  an  eye-witness, 
and  we  see  no  reason  to  doubt  its  accuracy ;  in  fact,  persons  who  take  oysters 


216  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

in  a  convivial  way  on  festive  occasions  are  very  apt  to  seek  to  improve  them 
by  the  flavor  of  a  smile. 

We  find  at  Poughkeepsie  the  originals  or  the  duplicates  of  many  of  the 
devices  that  have  done  profitable  business  throughout  the  country.  Here 
was  the  old  woman  who  lived  in  a  shoe,  exhibited  in  a  gipsy  tent,  and  treated 
and  paid  for  as  an  extra;  here  was  the  skating  pond,  a  philosophical  toy  in 
which  fourteen  little  figures,  clad  in  wintry  garments,  and  shod  with  steel, 
were  made,  by  the  revolution  of  a  disk  in  front  of  circular  mirrors,  to  appear 
like  an  army  upon  runners;  here  was  the  temple  of  Flora;  a  museum  of 
curiosities;  a  bull-finch,  that  carolled  sweetly  when  the  clock  struck;  and 
here  was  a  Dutchess  County  homestead  of  one  hundred  years  ago.  This 
was  the  feature  that  gave  character  and  individuality  to  the  fair,  and  merits 
description  in  detail. 

The  visitor's  attention  was  first  attracted  by  what  appeared  to  be  the  out- 
side of  a  spacious  and  somewhat  weather-beaten  mansion.  The  door  was 
double,  and  upon  the  upper  flange  was  a  knocker  which  had  summoned  the 
servant  to  the  threshold,  in  a  house  in  the  neighborhood,  for  one  hundred  and 
twenty  years.  The  visitor,  if  authorized  by  the  possession  of  a  pass — for 
hospitality  here  was  strictly  mercenary — awoke  the  echoes  of  the  knocker ;  the 
upper  portion  of  the  door  opened,  a  vision  of  beauty  appeared — it  is  well 
known  that  waiting-maids  are  never  handsome  by  halves — consulted  the  pass, 
assured  herself  that  the  proper  pecuniary  transaction  had  been  accomplished, 
then  flung  wide  the  lower  portal,  and  ushered  the  applicant  into  scenes  that, 
though  not  pre- Adamite,  were  at  least  pre-Rip-Van-Winkleish.  The  ceiling 
was  low,  and  the  beams  projected;  the  fowling-piece  and  powder-horn  hung 
from  convenient  nails.  The  tiles  of  the  old  Dutch  fire-place  told  cerulean 
stories  of  Scripture  heroes ;  the  mantel  was  adorned  with  antique  candlesticks, 
tobacco-pouches,  and  silhouettes.  On  the  wainscot  was  a  "Poor  Eichard's 
Almanack"  of  1774.  Here  was  a  well  stocked  corner  cupboard,  filled  with 
antique  china  of  every  kind,  from  the  unsatisfying  tea-cup  to  the  capacious 
punch-bowl ;  there  stood  a  stately  clock  in  its  tall  mahogany  case.  Here  was 
a  spinnet,  from  whose  tinkling,  wiry  sounds  have  come  the  magnificent  chords 
of  the  modern  grand  piano ;  there  a  Holland  sofa,  imported  in  1691.  The 
walls  were  hung  with  ancient  pictures  and  samplers.  Upon  a  shelf,  quite  out 
of  the  reach  of  mischievous  hands,  were  books  bound  in  vellum,  every  one  of 
them  what  Mr.  Peter  Probity  would  have  called  a  centurion.  There  was  a 
Dutch  Bible  with  silver  clasps ;  and  pendent  from  a  peg  was  a  tippet  made 
from  the  down  of  early  turkeys.  Washington  had  sat  at  the  mahogany  table  ; 


THE   SUGAR   PENDULUM. 


217 


and  the  ponderous  sword  which  dangled  from  a  hook  had  cloven  the  skull  of 
an  Indian  and  a  Frenchman. 

But  these  scenes  composed  a  dwelling-place,  and  people  dwelt  among 
them.  There  was  a  family  as  old  as  the  furniture.  Arrayed  in  the  frocks  of 
their  great-grandmothers,  they  sat  round  the  fire,  spinning  at  the  wool- wheel, 
making  thread  on  the  flax- wheel,  or  elaborating  tea  at  the  mahogany,  Wash- 
ingtonian  board.  This  board  was  plentifully  spread  with  the  viands  of  the 
day,  served  upon  platters  and  in  vessels  coeval  with  them.  A  lump  of  sugar 
suspended  by  a  string  vi- 
brated within  the  reach  of 
all — as  sweet  a  pendulum 
as  ever  described  an  arc. 
A  thrifty,  stirring  Dutch 
housekeeper  busied  herself 
amid  these  scenes.  An  in- 
vited guest,  clad  in  the 
very  robes  of  Mrs.  Martha 
Custis,  graciously  accepted 
courtesies  as  graciously  of- 
fered ;  a  Quakeress,  in  her 
grandmother's  drab  silk, 
breathed  serenity  on  the 
household ;  an  Indian  girl,  who  had  ceased  to  be  a  pappoose  and  had  not  yet 
become  a  squaw,  to  wit,  Eunice  Mauwee,  the  Last  of  the  Pequods — wearing 
an  embossed  silver  band  unearthed  from  an  Indian  grave — was  trying  to  feel 
at  home,  while  an  individual  who  did  so  completely  and  without  effort  was 
Pompey  in  the  chimney  corner,  black  in  feature,  gray  with  age,  scarlet  in 
waistcoat  and  dignity.  Such  was  a  Dutchess  County  homestead  in  the  good 
old  days,  we  had  almost  said,  of  Adam  and  Eve ;  thus,  at  least,  did  the  worthy 
people  of  Poughkeepsie  seek  to  represent  the  various  ingredients  in  Dutchess 
County  society  one  hundred  years  ago. 

Poughkeepsie  deserved  success,  and  fairly  won  it.  Eighteen  thousand 
people  inhabit  the  town,  and  sixteen  thousand  dollars  soon  after  left  it  for 
scenes  where  they  could  render  better  service.  One  dollar  per  man,  woman, 
and  child,  is  a  good  orthodox  standard.  Some  have  given  beyond  it,  and 
some  have  fallen  below ;  but  it  is  safe  ground  to  stand  upon,  and,  all  things 
considered,  it  is  probable  that  every  man,  woman,  and  child  in  the  country 
stands  upon  just  such.  The  following  is  the  exhibit : 


THE  SUGAR  PENDULUM 


218 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Poughkeepsie  cash  donations. . .  $2,996  60 

Suburban            "           "          ...  1,504  42 

Fancy  department 2,750  66 

Refreshment  department 1,188  99 

Lower  restaurant 534  23 

Sale  of  tickets 2,336  64 

Beekman  refreshment  table 394  50 

Dover  fancy  table 258  35 

Fishkill  fancy  table 702  53 

East  Fishkill  refreshment  table.  134  20 

La  Grange  refreshment  table.  . .  514  40 
New  Hackensack    Society   and 

table 214  34 

Wappinger's      Falls,     Mrs.      J. 

Faulkner 139  00 

Skating  Pond 421  09 

Post  Office 113  91 

Agricultural  department 837  45 


Sale  of  pictures,  &c $549  41 

Tickets  to  Dutchess  County 

Room  and  sales  therein 536  14 

Swiss  Booth 489  72 

Military  Tent 256  67 

Floral  Temple 411  57 

Old  Woman  and  Shoe 91  58 

Congregational  Sabbath  School.  150  00 
Poughkeepsie  Female  Collegiate 

School,  Rev.  C.  D.  Rice 85  00 

Poughkeepsie  Female  Academy, 

Rev.  D.  G.  Wright 35400 

Cottage  Hill  Seminary,  Rev.  G. 

T.  Rider 172  00 

Collegiate  School,  O.  BSsher. . .  50  00 

Military  Institute,  Mr.  Warring.  106  00 
Cloak-Room,  Grab-Bag,  Gipsy 

Tent,  Philadelphia  table,  &c. .  303  84 


Gross  receipts . . . 
Deduct  expenses. 


$18,G40  87 
2,358  15 


Net  receipts  . .' $16,282  72 

We  have  mentioned  the  secession  of  Brooklyn  from  New  York  as  the 
occasion  of  the  latter's  postponement  of  the  date  of  opening  its  fair ;  and  this 
may  serve  to  show  that  from  the  beginning  of  the  year,  the  preparations  for 
the  Metropolitan  Fair  had  been  in  progress.  It  has  been  said  elsewhere  that 
the  central  treasury  of  the  Sanitary  Commission  was  to  be  the  beneficiary  of 
the  occasion,  the  branches  having  generally  expended  the  proceeds  of  their 
own  fairs  in  the  creation  of  supplies;  money  was  now  needed  to  move  and 
properly  administer  these  supplies.  Wherefore,  early  in  January,  every- 
body in  the  city,  and  many  out  of  it,  had  been  drafted  into  the  army  of  relief, 
and  set  to  work  in  their  several  capacities ;  these  were  to  sew,  to  paint,  to 
build,  to  bake,  and  those  were  to  see  that  they  did  it.  The  lists  of  committees 
filled  a  volume ;  the  catalogue  of  their  deeds  ran  over  in  the  newspapers,  and 
pretty  soon  the  results  of  their  labors,  gathered  into  the  commodious  armory 
prepared  to  receive  them,  overflowed  by  the  doors  and  windows,  and  had  to 
be  housed  elsewhere.  How  can  we  even  cursorily  treat  of  a  subject  in  half  a 
score  of  pages,  upon  which  a  hundred  quartos  have  been  already  written  ? 
More  has  been  put  upon  paper  than  the  Committee  on  Hides  and  Leather  could 
bind.  What  is  there  left  to  say? 

The  fair  was  ostensibly  held  in  the  building  of  which  we  give  a  delin- 
eation ;  but  it  would  be  more  correct  to  say  that  it  was  held  everywhere,  and 
that  this  was  merely  the  head-quarters.  The  original  building,  like  a  grain  of 


THE   METROPOLITAN   FAIR. 


219 


corn  undergoing  the  inflating  process  of  popping,  burst  out  on  every  side,  the 
machinery  protruding  in  the  rear,  the  dining  room  and  carriage  department 
bulging  into  adjoining  unoccupied  spaces.  A  supplementary  construction,  as 
big  as  its  superior,  was  put  up  in  Union  Square ;  a  cattle  mart  was  established 
hard  by ;  but  not  only  this.  On  some  one  day  in  the  winter  and  spring,  the 
hospital  flag  was  raised  over  every  building  in  the  city :  here  over  an  exhibi- 
tion given  by  the  school  children  of  the  ward,  and  there  vrere  some  forty  of 


ABMOBT  OF  THE  TWENTY-SECOND   REGIMENT,   ARRANGED   FOB  THK   METROPOLITAN   FAIR. 

them ;  there  over  a  sanitary  concert,  often  in  a  public  hall,  quite  as  often  in 
a  private  parlor;  over  the  studios  where  men  of  picturesque  aspect  were 
zealously  working  with  pipe  and  pencil ;  over  the  theatres  that  one  by  one 
devoted  a  night  to  the  cause ;  over  sewing  circles,  rehearsing  parties,  groups 
of  needle  pickets ;  over  the  engine  houses,  hose  companies  all  of  them  ;  over 
the  counting-room,  as  the  committee  man  with  his  subscription  list  entered  it, 
and  from  which  he  rarely  departed  empty  handed ;  over  the  exchange,  post 


220  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

office,  custom  house,  as  the  paper  passed  from  hand  to  hand ;  over  the  shop 
and  warehouse,  as  from  each  some  article  was  withdrawn  and  sent  to  the  com- 
mon stock ;  over  the  ship  in  the  harbor,  over  the  ferry-boat  in  the  slip,  over 
the  flying  train,  over  the  crawling  stage ;  over  the  banks,  the  insurance  offices ; 
over  the  markets  where  some  barrel  or  box  was  marked  as  not  for  sale ;  and 
even  over  the  garret  and  attic  where  there  was  nothing  to  give  except  prayers 
and  good  wishes.  Perhaps,  therefore,  we  should  do  well  to  substitute  for  our 
picture  a  view  of  New  York,  its  harbor  and  environs  ;  or  better  yet,  a  map  of 
Manhattan  Island,  with  parts  of  Connecticut  and  New  Jersey. 

Imagine  a  vast  collection  of  things  in  bulk ;  think  of  them  by  the  hundred 
gross ;  eliminate  all  customary  ideas  and  standards  from  the  mind ;  where  you 
have  thought  of  quarts  and  pecks,  think  now  of  tons  and  chaldrons ;  count  no 
longer  on  your  fingers ;  put  several  zeros  to  the  right  of  all  your  figures ;  deal 
in  large  comparisons ;  clap  Pelion  upon  Ossa  for  a  familiar  illustration ;  do 
not  say  two  wringing-machines,  but  five  hundred ;  look  only  at  aggregates ; 
add  up  men  and  women  by  the  thousand,  and  throw  in  the  children,  for  even 
decimal  fractions  are  vulgar  now;  measure  pictures  by  the  space  they  cover; 
learn  to  talk  of  books,  as  of  gas,  by  the  cubic  foot ;  say  an  acre  of  people,  a 
hundred  barrels  of  pin-cushions,  a  furlong  of  autographs.  In  short,  speak  of 
dollars  by  the  million,  and  you  have  the  sum  and  substance  of  the  New  York 
Fair,  which,  by  the  way,  opened  on  the  4th  of  April. 

It  is  plain,  therefore,  that  as  in  ten  pages  not  more  than  ten  subjects  can  be 
satisfactorily  handled,  we  can  only  deal  here  with  such  ideas  and  methods  as 
were  original  with  this  fair.  One  of  these  was  felicitous  indeed.  Proceeding 
from  the  rooms  of  Messrs.  Tiffany  &  Co.,  it  was  as  pure  a  gem  as  those  that 
stayed  behind,  and  of  more  value  than  any.  Like  all  great  thoughts,  it  was 
marvellously  simple ;  and,  based  as  it  was  upon  universal  suffrage — that  is, 
suffrage  with  the  property  qualification — it  was  singularly  well  adapted  to  the 
uses  of  the  community  in  which  it  had  its  birth.  The  house  we  have  named 
gave  to  the  fair  two  swords,  one  to  be  worn  in  the  saddle,  the  other  upon  the 
quarter-deck,  both  richly  ornamented.  The  point,  or  more  properly,  perhaps, 
the  edge,  was,  that  the  people  might  present  these  swords  to  whom  they 
pleased;  they  could  nominate  candidates  and  run  them;  only,  every  voter 
must  pay  a  dollar  for  his  vote,  and  he  might  vote  as  often  as  his  dollars  per- 
mitted. Here  was  an  idea,  indeed ;  and  we  all  of  us  wondered  that  the  happy 
investor  had  not  been  you  or  I.  The  sting  was  thus  plucked  from  out  that 
dangerous  sport,  raffling  ;  but  the  seductive  element  of  uncertainty  remained, 
so  people  raffled  and  called  it  voting.  Had  a  man  an  opinion  on  military 


SANITARY   VOTING. 


221 


matters  that  he  was  not  ashamed  the  world  should  know?  He  could  blazon  it 
forth  to  an  attentive  continent,  if  he  had  but  the  few  necessary  dimes.  Had 
he  certain  naval  views  that  he  wished  to  air?  Publicity  was  to  be  had  for 
a  dollar.  Those  who  wished  to  repeat  or  dwell  upon  a  statement,  might  do  it 
at  the  retail  price,  no  deductions  being  made  for  a  quantity.  Reiteration,  line 
upon  line,  was  resorted  to  by  many  as  a  means  of  impressing  the  treasury  with 
their  views.  The  voters  stood  in  line  and  approached  the  desk  in  turn ;  there 
was  some  feeling,  some  partisanship ;  but  the  cause  was  the  better,  and  no  one 
the  worse,  for  that.  People  took  especial  pleasure  in  neutralizing  their  pred- 
ecessor's vote,  and  it  often  happened  that,  as  the  householder  approached  the 
book,  the  modest  I  which  he  held  in  readiness  was  exchanged  for  the  more 
magnificent  V,  or  the  thoroughly  sumptuous  X.  The  imperial  L  and  C 


BANITA.EY    VOTING. 


were  from  time  to  time  elicited  from  pockets  when  there  was  a  plethora  either 
with  or  without  them.  A  count  was  made  at  night,  and  the  state  of  the  polls 
was  published  in  the  papers  every  morning. 

As  the  close  of  the  fair  drew  nigh  the  interest  centered  upon  the  two 
generals  who  led  the  list.  Scattering  votes  were  rare,  and  the  battalions  solid. 
It  was  clear  that  the  book  could  not  thus  be  kept  open  to  the  end,  as  confusion 
and  disorder  must  inevitably  ensue.  The  friends  of  one  or  the  other  con- 
testant might  get  possession  of  the  desk  and  keep  their  opponents  at  a  dis- 
tance. It  was  finally  decided  to  stop  all  registered  voting  at  a  specified  hour, 


222  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK 

laggards  to  deposit  their  suffrages  and  their  money  in  a  box  prepared  for  the 
purpose,  a  committee  of  gentlemen,  in  whom  all  had  confidence,  to  count  and 
report  The  result  was  as  follows : 

AEMT.  NAVY. 

General  Grant 30,291        Rowan 462 

General  McClellan 14,509        Farragut 332 

All  others..  163         All  others  ..  .    128 


Total 44,963  Total 922 

If  the  destination  of  a  sword  could  be  determined  by  vote,  so  could  that 
of  a  bonnet,  of  albums,  of  silver  ware,  of  a  hairy  eagle.  This  latter  prize  was 
not,  as  might  be  supposed  by  an  ornithologist  unread  in  sanitary  lore,  a 
species  beautifully  contrived  by  nature  to  balance  the  eagle  known  as  the 
bald,  nor  yet  an  eagle  upon  whose  denuded  skull  some  fertilizing  tricopherous 
had  been  happily  applied,  but  an  image  of  the  national  bird  of  prey  com- 
posed of  locks  of  hair  of  eminent  Americans,  deftly  interwoven.  These  and 
other  articles,  valuable  and  curious,  found  an  owner  through  the  mysterious 
process  of  the  vote,  and  the  value  of  the  idea  to  the  Metropolitan  Fair  alone 
was  not  far  from  $50,000.  We  shall  meet  it  again  in  Philadelphia;  shall 
recognize  it  at  St.  Louis  and  Boston,  and  shall  salute  it  at  St.  Paul.  Its  sway 
has  extended  from  the  mouth  of  the  Hudson  to  the  source  of  the  Mississippi. 
A  few  words  now  upon  the  more  interesting  of  the  working  committees. 

The  Committee  on  Public  Schools  brought  nearly  $24,000  into  the  treas- 
ury from  forty  ward  school  entertainments.  These  were  among  the  most 
satisfactory  proceedings  connected  with  the  fair.  The  eyes  of  persons  who 
attended  any  of  the  performances  by  accident,  without  knowledge  or  an  inter- 
est in  the  school  system  of  the  city,  were  opened  wide,  expecting  no  such  evi- 
dences of  devotion  at  the  hands  of  the  teachers,  or  of  zeal  and  good  will  at 
those  of  the  scholars.  What  part  the  ferule  and  the  foolscap  had  played  in 
producing  this  marvellous  result,  we  are  not  told ;  but  the  casual  observer  saw 
nothing  but  the  evidences  of  an  honorable  ambition  and  of  an  early  awakened 
conscience;  he  had  before  him  persons  certainly  young — many  of  them 
infantine — but  all  apparently  actuated  by  the  most  lofty  motives.  They  had 
not  learned  their  lessons  by  rote,  but  had  conned  them  con  amore.  The 
whole  affair  was  in  the  highest  degree  creditable  to  the  educational  authori- 
ties, to  the  teachers,  to  the  committee,  to  the  boys  and  girls,  and  to  the  fathers 
and  mothers  of  the  same. 

The  Fire  Department  collected,  exhibited,  and  sold  $30,000  worth  of  wares 


THE   COMMITTEE   ON   BOOKS. 


223 


of  worsted,  silk,  and  silver.     Their  counter  presented  a  constantly  recurring 
scene  of  devastation  and  replenishment. 

The  Committee  on  Fine  Arts  returned  tlie  noble  sum  of  $85,000,  nearly 
the  whole  of  this  being  the  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  pictures,  albums,  and 
engravings.  The  gallery  of  paintings  lent  for  exhibition  was  the  finest  col- 
lection in  America,  with  the  single  exception,  perhaps,  of  that  of  the  Great 
Central  Fair  of  Philadelphia. 


THE    HEART  OF  THE   ANDES. 


The  galleries  of  Mr.  Belmont  and  Mr.  Aspinwall  were  thrown  open  to  the 
public  for  the  benefit  of  the  Committee. 

The  Committee  on  Books,  after  having,  as  they  thought,  solicited  from 
every  publisher  and  bookseller  in  the  city,  a  donation  either  in  money  or  in 
kind,  received  a  letter  from  Mr.  Wm.  K.  Cornell,  complaining  that  he  had 
been  neglected.  He  inclosed  his  check  for  $1,000  in  token  of  reproach.  This 
contribution,  from  a  man  who  had  been  overlooked,  and  from  whom  nothing 
had  been  expected,  was  the  twelfth  part  of  the  aggregate  contributions  of 


224  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

seventy  firms.  Mr.  Cornell  lived  but  a  few  months  to  enjoy  the  recollection 
of  the  gratified  surprise  of  the  Committee  on  Books. 

The  Committee  on  Arms  and  Trophies  received  over  $67,000  ;  this  included 
the  vote  upon  the  Army  and  Navy  Swords.  Some  $20,000  was  realized  from 
the  sale  of  relics,  diminutive  horse-shoes,  and  other  miscellanies. 

The  restaurant  department  was  not  as  successful  as  was  expected.  Those 
who  had  been  relied  upon  to  supply  the  larder  preferred  to  make  their  dona- 
tions in  money;  so  that  the  department,  compelled  to  purchase  its  stores, 
made  but  a  meagre  profit.  Still,  it  had  the  satisfaction  of  furnishing  creature 
comforts  to  a  vast  and  famished,  yet  orderly,  crowd.  As  the  cash  donations 
amounted  to  $15,000,  and  as  the  total  receipts  were  only  $17,500,  it  is  plain 
that  the  principal  gain  lay  in  the  approval  of  conscience,  and  that  the  com- 
mittee must  have  looked  for  their  reward  to  those  who  had  tasted  of  their 
cheer. 

Though  there  was  no  intention  on  the  part  of  the  churches  of  the  city  to 
act  in  concert,  the  sum  realized  from  church  tables,  collections,  lectures,  &c., 
was  no  less  than  $27,000.  Of  this  the  Methodists  gave  $10,000  and  the 
Universalists  $8,000.  The  Tabernacle  Church  table  yielded  over  $900. 

The  Committee  on  Dry  Goods  collected  $130,000  in  money  and  $7,000  in 
goods ;  the  Finance  Committee  $64,000  in  money  alone,  as  the  gentlemen  to 
whom  they  applied  dealt  in  no  other  commodity. 

The  Committee  on  the  Drama  returned  $14,000,  and  considerably  more 
than  half  this  was  due  to  the  efforts  of  amateurs,  who  enacted  private  theatri- 
cals upon  the  cosey  stage  of  Mr.  Jerome,  and  sang  Cinderella  upon  the  more 
public  boards  of  Mr.  Niblo.  Even  gymnasts  and  horses  contributed  to  this 
fund ;  so,  too,  did  certain  participators  in  a  billiard  tournament,  who  allowed 
the  committee  to  pocket  the  proceeds,  while  they  did  as  much  for  the  balls. 

The  Committee  on  Music  suffered  their  accounts  to  be  so  merged  in  those 
of  the  Union  Square  Department  that  it  is  impossible,  at  this  day,  to  distin- 
guish between  the  two,  and  to  say  what  was  due  to  harmony  and  what  to 
union.  They  sold  pianos,  steel  bells,  and  harps;  collected  certain  moneys 
from  minstrels  and  delineators  of  Ethiopian  eccentricity,  and  gave  eight  con- 
certs in  houses,  mansions,  and  palaces.  The  programme  of  one  of  these  may 
be  seen  upon  the  opposite  page.  While  upon  the  subject  of  sanitary  music, 
it  is  proper  to  mention  the  name  of  Mr.  Gottschalk,  who  founded  and  endowed 
the  Soldiers'  Aid  Society  of  Saratoga  Springs,  and  who,  by  promising  his  as- 
sistance to  one  of  the  givers  of  the  above-mentioned  concerts,  enabled  him  to 
more  than  double  his  prices ;  and  that  of  Antonio  Barili,  who  superintended 


METROPOLITAN  FAIR 


SIXTH  P1UVATE  CONCERT 
Saturilas  3~fanuuig, 


PROGRAMME. 

PART   I. 


1.  Marche  Triompliale  for  two  Pianos Curia. 

i.  Duo  from  "  Semiramide". Rossini. 

3.  Cavatina  fron;  "  lone  ". frtrella. 

4.  Cavatina  from  "  Mariadi  Rohan".. ./>««/«-«i. 

5.  Fantaisie  forPiaixxn  lhen:es  from 

"  Jemsalem"' C<Msrl,alt. 

6.  Cavatina  from  "  Nahnc«." Verrli. 

1.  Sonp,  "  Ye  merrj-  birds'' Gitmbert. 

8.  Duo  from  *  I  MafnadierP Verdi. 

9.  Scene  from  tie  "Gipsy's  Fn.lit".  ..Dr.  Ward. 


PART   II. 

By  the  Puf.il,,  and  under  the  direction  of  Si 
AXTOXKJ  BAB1LI. 


NEW  JERSEY   IN   NEW   YORK. 


225 


nearly  a  dozen  amateur  entertainments,  given  in  various  places  in  behalf  of 
the  commission. 

The  Ticket  Department  acknowledged  some  $180,000.  This  included  not 
only  the  entrance  money  to  the  fair,  but  the  supplementary  tolls  levied  at  cer- 
tain otherwise  unyielding  doors — at  the  Art  Gallery,  the  Arms  and  Trophies, 
the  Curiosity  Shop,  the  Cattle  Show.  No  one  regretted  the  payment  of  addi- 
tional dues  at  this  last  establishment.  Here  was  the  Pride  of  Livingston 
County,  much  puffed  up,  as  was  natural ;  here  was  Lady  Woodruff,  the  pride 
of  each  successive  owner ;  here  were  other  four-footed  contributors  to  a  cause 
which  even  quadrupeds  would  have  approved,  had  they  not  been  personally 
such  heavy  losers  by  it. 

The  Committee  on  Foreign  Contributions  extended  their  claims  over  the 
habitable  globe.  From  sympathizing  Switzerland,  from  benevolent  Italians, 


EPISODE    IN    OPTICS:    OM.Y   TKN   CENTS. 


from  well-wishers  in  St.  Petersburgh,  from  Americans  abroad,  came  remit- 
tances doubly  welcome  from  the  form  they  took — -gold  or  its  equivalent.  The 
Roman  Department,  stocked  in  good  part  by  the  efforts  and  from  the  purse 
of  Miss  Charlotte  Cushman,  was  an  attractive  feature.  The  New  Jersey 
Committee,  putting  up  the  most  elaborate  booths  in  the  armory,  and  offering 
an  appropriate  and  delicate  homage  to  the  memory  of  Washington  Irving, 
poured  into  the  treasury  the  munificent  sum  of  $40,000,  in  round  numbers. 

What  can  be  said,  in  the  line  or  two  that  our  fast  diminishing  space 
leaves  us,  of  that  charming  retreat,  that  genial  resort,  the  Knickerbocker 
Kitchen  ?  Nothing  worthily ;  we  merely  state,  in  an  informal  way,  that  while 
many  lamented  they  had  not  lived  in  days  that  were  honored  by  modes  and 
manners  so  delightful,  by  a  hospitality  so  cordial,  by  a  cuisine  so  satisfying, 


15 


226 


THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 


all  rejoiced  that  they  had  been  spared  to  witness  their  revival,  even  upon 
the  mimic  scene.  The  man  that  eat  the  proffered  olykooke  felt  as  if  the 
knightly  sword  had  tapped  him  on  the  shoulder,  and  he  rose  an  original 
Knickerbocker. 

What  can  be  said  of  the  ingenuity  of  the  devices,  some  original,  some 
borrowed,  by  which  dimes  were  made  dollars  and  dollars  bank-accounts? 
Of  the  patient  labor  that  had  been  so  freely  given,  as  in  the  case  of  Miss 
North's  collection  of  autographs,  the  result  of  six  months'  assiduous  work?  Of 
the  devotion  of  the  thirsty,  who  drank  two  thousand  dollars'  worth  of  lemon- 
ade and  soda  ?  Of  the  thrift  of  the  management,  of  the  harmonious  counsels 
that  brought  the  majestic  enterprise  so  happily  through,  of  the  fatal  zeal  of 
those  who  literally  fell  a  sacrifice  to  the  cause,  and  who  died  in  the  harness  ? 
Nothing,  except  that  the  Metropolitan  Fair,  while  it  will  be  to  all  a  precious 
memory,  a  souvenir  of  something  pleasant  to  recall  and  dwell  upon,  will  be  to 
many  the  symbol  of  a  duty  performed,  to  more  the  record  of  an  approving 
conscience,  and  to  two  or  three,  a  monument. 

The  following  financial  tables  of  the  New  York  Fair,  though  official  in 
their  facts,  are  not  so  in  their  form.  We  give  the  returns  of  each  committee 
by  itself,  the  report  published  by  the  treasurer  giving  the  receipts  in  order  of 
date.  We  do  not  grudge  the  space,  as  deeds  speak  louder  than  words,  and  as 
the  figures  that  occupy  it  are  so  much  more  solid  than  any  figures  of  speech. 
Under  each  head  are  the  cash  contributions,  item  by  item,  of  all  sums  over 
one  hundred  dollars ,  the  sources  of  all  collective  donations ;  and  the  sums 
realized  from  the  sale  of  goods  contributed,  in  bulk. 

FINANCIAL   REPORT   OF   THE   METROPOLITAN   FAIR. 


COMMITTEE    OX    ARMS    AND    TROPHIES. 


Horstrnann  Brothers  &  Allien. . 

Augustus  Humbert 

Mrs.  General  Baird 

A.  W.  Spies    

W.  W.  Marston 

Smith  &  Rand 

Mrs.  Hopkins'  entertainment.  .  . 

All  other  subscriptions 

Sale  of  articles  contributed,  and 
proceeds  of  vote  upon  Army 
and  Navy  Swords 


$250  00 
250  00 
105  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
67  50 
335  50 


65,792  48 


Total $67,100  48 


927 


COMMITTEE    ON    ARCIIITECTUnE. 


J.  B.  &  W.  W.  Cornell $30000 

Smith  &  Williams 250  00 

East  Chester  Quarry  Company,  200  00 

John  T.  Conover 150  00 

E.  Chamberlin 150  00 

Win.  R.  Stewart 126  00 

John  M.  Dodd 125  00 

Robert  Smith 100  00 

J.  S.  Peck 100  00 

Wm.  J.  Peck 100  00 

G.  A.  Conover 100  00 

Thos.  Crane 100  00 

Wm.  N.  Beach 100  00 

J.  B.  Janes 100  00 

Jed.  Frye 100  00 

Stewart  &  Howell 100  00 

Alex.  M.  Ross 100  00 

I.  &  G.  Van  Nostrand. .  100  00 


A.  G.  Bogert  &  Brother $100  00 

Baker,  Wells  &  Co 100  00 

John  Sniffin 100  00 

Jonathan  Purdy 100  00 

Oscar  Purdy 100  00 

William  C.  Miller 100  00 

Employees  of  the  Architectural 
Iron  Works : 

Finishers 167  40 

Foundrymen 64  30 

Pattern-Makers 36  97 

Machinists 36  49 

Laborers 51  22 

Blacksmiths 34  11 

Carpenters. . . : 11  99 

Office  and  Drawing  Room. . .  40  12 

Other  subscriptions 3,334  00 

Sale  of  articles  contributed  ....  3,330  97 


Total $10,108  57 


COMMITTEE    ON    ART. 


Exhibition  of  paintings  by  Au- 
gust Belmont $1,920  18 

Sale  of  pictures,  albums,  &c. . . .    81,748  44 


Exhibition  of  paintings  by  W.  H. 

Aspinwall $257  00 

Other  receipts 1,854  60 


Total $85,780  22 


COMMITTEE    ON    BOOKS. 

Thomas  Barrow $1,000  00         Other  contributions 

Wm.  K.  Cornell 1,000  00         Sale   of  books   contributed  by 


$35  00 


J.  W.  &  G.  D.  Burnton 


100  00 


sixty  firms 10,289  02 


Total . .   $12,424  02 


Baldwin,  Fisher  &  Co . .   $500  00 
Wells  &  Christie. . .  500  00 


COMMITTEE    ON    BOOTS    AND    SHOES. 


Howes,  Hyatt  &  Co $500  00 

W.  A.  Ransom  &  Co 

Hoagland,  Dubois  &  McGovern 

Hall,  Southworth  &  Co 

F.  &  L.  B.  Reed 

Meade  &  Stowell 

W.  A.  Bigelow 

Chas.  D.  Bigelow 

Newell  &  Brothers 

J.  O.  Whitehouse 

Mabie,  Manley,  Murray  &  Morgan 

Hanna,  Richard  &  Co 

Smith,  Brown  &  Co 

A.  &  A.  G.  Trask.. 


500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
250  00 
200  00 
200  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 


228 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


James  E.  Hedges 

C.  S.  Parsons  &  Sons . 

A.  Claflin  &  Co 

James  French . . 


$100  00 
100  00 
100  00 

100  00 


Burt  &  Terhune $100  00 

Other  subscriptions 140  00 

Sale  of  goods  contributed 3,148  23 


Total $8,138  23 


CHURCHES    AND 

Methodist    Association,   Station 

No.  20 $4,310 

Methodist  Churches 3,792 

Mercer  Street  Church,  Rev.  Mr. 

Booth 437 

Church  corner  of  Second  Avenue 

and  14th  Street,  K  Y 907 

Rev.  E.  H.  Chapin's  Church, 

K  Y 6,000 

Third  Universalist  Church, 

Bleecker  Street,  N.  Y 617 

Sixth  Universalist  Church,  20th 

Street,  N.  Y 959  17 


RELIGIOUS    ASSOCIATIONS. 

Other  Universalist  Churches. . . 
47  Tabernacle  Church  table  at  Met- 
94  ropolitan  Fair 

Rev.  Mr.  Ganse's  Church 

00  Baptist  Churches 

Episcopal  Churches 

00  Temple  Emanuel 

Other  Churches 

20  Collections 

Lecture  by  Rev.  Thos.  S.  Hast- 
76  ings 

Lecture  by  Rev.  Urban  C. 
Brewer . . 


$313  50 

917  60 

1,042  29 

1,432  60 

1,848  20 

3,162  18 

91  60 

672  97 

396  50 

140  00 


Total $27,041  98 

COMMITTEE    ON    CARRIAGES. 

Wilmer  S.  "Wood $1,000  00         Sale  of  carriages  contributed $2,000  00 

Employees  of  Brewster  &  Co.. . .       136  10 
Total. . 


COMMITTEE 

Bernheimer  Brothers 

D.  Devlin  &  Co 

Brooks  Brothers 

Smith  &  Rice 

Jas.  Wilde,  Jr.,  &  Co 

Longstreet,  Bradford  &  Co 

Wm.  Seligman  &  Co 

J.  S.  Lowrey  &  Co 

Lewis  Ernstein  &  Co 

Thomas  N.  Dale  &  Co 

Rogers  &  Raymond 

Goddard  &  Brothers 

M.  &  S.  Sternberger 

J.  Strouse,  Brother  &  Co 

Lewis,  Chatterton  &  Co 

Joseph  Lee 

Trowbridge,  Dwight  &  Co 

Kirtland,  Bronson  &  Co 

F.  Derby  &  Co 

Amos  Clark 

J.  S.  Young  &  Co 

Shafer,  Whitford  &  Co 

P.  C.  Barnum  &  Co. . . 


$3,136  10 

ON    CLOTHING    AND    FURNISHING1    GOODS. 

A.  &  E.  Scheitlin . .  $250  00 


&2,000  00 

1,000  00        Mackin  &  Brothers 

1,000  00        J.  &  W.  Lyall 

1,000  00        E.  Tweedy 

1,000  00         Schalle  Brothers 

1,000  00  William  Van  Deventer. . 

1,000  00        Lesher  &  Whitman 

791  71  White,  Whitman  &  Co. . . 

504  00  Brown,  Powers  &  Co.. . . 

500  00  Draper,  Hyde  &  Sturges. 

500  00         Wm.  Meyer  &  Co 

500  00         Conklins  &  Bayles 

500  00         Croney  &  Lent 

500  00         J.  Weidenfeld 

500  00         J.  P.  Hull  &  Co 

500  00         V.  B.  Depierris 

500  00         Union  Adams 

500  00         Aaron  Close 

500  00        David  Close 

500  00        James  Scott 

500  00        John  D.  Scott  &  Co 

500  00         Weekes  &  Higbie 

250  00  Yo-ing,  Rutherford  &  Co. 


250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
150  00 
150  00 
150  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 


THE  METROPOLITAN   FAIR. 


229 


Coriklin,  Fenton  &  Miller $100  00 

Dunspaugh,  Still  well  &  Pearsall.  100  00 

Jaroslawski  &  Co 100  00 

Geo.  A.  Davis  &  Co 100  00 

W.  R.  Powell  &  Co 100  00 

G.  A.  Trowbridge  &  Co 100  00 

Isaac  C.  Noe 100  00 

Hiiidhaugh  &  Co 100  00 


H.  Osterburg $100  00 

Thos  A.  Brower . .    100  00 

Samuel  Sykes 100  00 

Clark  &  Bogart 100  00 

E.  H.  Tardy 100  00 

Other  subscriptions 2,159  55 

Sale  of  goods  contributed 3,733  08 


Total $26,688  34 


COMMITTEE    OX 

8.  B.  Guion $1,500 

Easton  &  Co 1,000 

C.  C.  &  II.  M.  Taber 1,000 

Amy  &  Heye 500 

W.  K.  Strong  &  Co 500 

C.  J.  &  F.  W.  Coggill 500 

A.  Xorrie 250 

Murray  &  Davis 250 

Tellkampf  &  Kitching 200 

Munzinger  &  Pitzipio 200 

Smyth  &  Lynch 200 

Geo.  W.  Beale 200 

Thomas  Scott 150 

Gordon  Norrie 150 

J.  T.Adams  &  Co 100 

Total  . . 


COTTOX  AXD  RAW   GOODS. 

00 

00 

00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 


Henry  Coit $100  00 

S.  Munn,  Son  &  Co 

O.  K.  King  &  Co 

E.  Coleman 

Oakley  &  Constantino 

Woodruff  &  Co 

N.  D.  Carlile&Son 

Edward  F.  Davidson 

John  M.  Pendletou  &  Co 

Strang,  Platt  &  Co 

Ross,  Dempster  &  Co 

Walter  Brown 

W.  F.  Miller 

Other  contributions . . 


100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
475  00 


$8,475  00 


COMMITTEE    ON    CHIXA,    GLASS    AXD    EAETHEX   WARE. 

Lawton  &  White $250  00 


John  F.  Seymour  &  Co. 

J.  &  G.  Meakin 

T.  D.  Moore  &  Co 

J.  J.  Nichols 

Daniel  Titus 

Davenport  Brothers. . . . 
E.  &  J.  Willets  &  Co. ... 

John  C.  Jackson 

Robert  Haydock 

Dietz  &  Co 

Other  subscriptions .... 


250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
200  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
510  00 
Sale  of  goods  contributed 3,058  25 


Total $5,368  25 


COMMITTEE    ON    DRUGS. 


Schieffelin  Brothers  &  Co $1,000  00        A.  N.  Lawrence  &  Co $250  00 


M.  Ward,  Close  &  Co 500  00 

A.  B.  Sands  &  Co 250  00 

Lanman  &  Kemp 250  00 

Benjamin  H.  Field 250  00 

John  McKesson . .  250  00 


II.  &  F.W.Meyer... 

Dix  &  Morris 

Davis,  Morris  &  Co . . 
F.  Cousinery  &  Co.. 
Palanca  &  Escalante . 


200  00 
150  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 


230 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Dutilh  &  Co $100  00 

B.  W.  Bull  &  Co 100  00 

Fraser  &  Lee 100  00 

Chas.  Pfizer  &  Co 100  00 


W.  Irving  Clark  &  Co 

Other  subscriptions 

Sale  of  articles  contributed. 


$100  00 

540  00 

1,662  27 


Total $6,102  27 


A.  T.  Stewart 

Hoyt,  Sprague  &  Co 

Wm.  Watson 

F.  Butterfield 

Geo.  Bliss  &  Co 

H.  B.  Claflin  &  Co 

Garner  &  Co 

Lathrop,  Ludington  &  Co 

Low,  Harriman,  Durfee  &  Co . . 

Spaulding,  Hunt  &  Co 

E.  S.  Jaffray  &  Co 

Arnold,  Constable  &  Co 

Wilson  G.  Hunt 

Sullivan,  Kandolph  &  Budd  .  .  . 

L.  P.  Morton  &  Co 

Wm.  Lottimer  &  Co 

Lee,  Bliss  &  Co 

Tefft,  Griswold  &  Kellogg 

Bowers,  Beeckman  &  Bradford, 

Jr 

Sprague,  Cooper  &  Colburn  .  . . 

Halsted,  Haines  &  Co 

Abernethy  &  Co 

Slade&  Colby 

Turnbull,  Slade  &  Co 

Sutton,  Smith  &  Co 

Weaver,  Richardson  &  Co 

Wicks,  Smith  &  Co 

Kessler  &  Co 

John  J.  Phelps ' 

Campbell,  Magee  &  Co 

Stone,  Starr  &  Co 

Hunt,  Tillinghast  &  Co 

Woodward,  Lawrence  &  Co.  . . 

Paton  &  Co 

Thomas  Slocomb 

Anthony  &  Hall 

Van  Wyck,  Townsend  &  Co ... 

Wilmerdings  &  Mount 

Loeschigk,  Wesendonck  &  Co. . 

A.  Iselin 

Butler,  Cecil,  Rawson  &  Co ... 
E.  R.  Mudge,  Sawyer  &  Co.  . . . 
James  L.  Little  &  Co . . 


COMMITTEE    OX    DRY    GOODS. 

$10,000  00  Win.  C.  Langley  &  Co 

5,000  00  Haggerty  &  Co 

2,500  00  Paton,  Stewart  &  Co 

2,500  00  Jordan,  Marsh  &  Co 

2,500  00  Samuel  McLean  &  Co 

2,500  00  Gardner,  Dexter  &  Co 

2,50000  Henry  W.  T.  Mali  &  Co 

2,000  00  John  M.  Davies  &  Co 

2,000  00  Wilmerding,  Hoguet  &  Co 

2,000  00  Geo.  Opdyke 

1,500  00  Dale,  Brothers  &  Co 

1,000  00  Dibblee,  Work  &  Moore 

1,000  00  Giraud,  Barbey  &  Co 

1,000  00  F.  Skinner  &  Co 

1,000  00  Chas.  H.  Welling 

1,00000  G.  M.  Richmond  &  Co 

1,000  00  J.  C.  Howe  &  Co 

1,000  00  A.  &  A.  Lawrence  &  Co 

Jas.  F.  White  &  Co 

1,000  00  Jas.  M.  Beebe  &  Co 

1,000  00  Griffith,  Prentiss  &  McCombs. . 

1,000  00  Rice,  Chase  &  Co 

1,000  00  Knower  &  Platt 

1,000  00  John  &  Hugh  Auchincloss 

1,000  00  Cronin,  Hurxthal  &  Sears 

1,000  00  H.  &  A.  Stursberg  &  Co 

1,000  00  Stanfield,  Wentworth  &  Co. . . . 

1,000  00  Carpenter,  Vail  &  Fuller 

1,000  00  Bradley  &  Howe 

1,000  00  Opdyke,  Loeschigk  &  Co 

1,000  00  White  &  Heath 

1,000  00  Kitchen,  Montross  &  Wilcox  . . 

1,000  00  Pardee,  Bates  &  Co 

1,000  00  Fairchild  &  Fanshaw 

1,000  00  N.  Y.  Dyeing  &  Printing  Estab- 

1,000  00  lishment 

1,000  00  Vyse  &  Son 

1,000  00  Benkard  &  Hutton 

1,000  00  Lindsay,  Chittick  &  Co 

1,000  00  Thomas  &  Co. . . .- 

1,000  00  A.  Person  &  Harriman 

1,000  00  Fisher,  Donnelly  &  Co 

1,000  00  R.  Fischer,  Hachez  &  Co 

1,000  00  Geo.  A.  Clark  &  Brothers 


&1,000  00 

1;000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

1,000  00 

750  00 

500  00 

500  00 

500  00 

500  00 

500  00 

500  00 

500  00 

500  00 

500  00 

500  00 

500  00 

500  00 

500  00 

500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 


THE   METROPOLITAN   FATR. 


231 


Clark,  West  &  Co $500  00 

Murfey  &  Harris 500  00 

John  Slude  &  Co 500  00 

Van  Valkenburgh  Bros.  &  Co. .  500  00 

Motts,  Hyde  &  Van  Duzer 500  00 

S.  A.  Martine  &  Co 500  00 

Bailey  &  Southard 500  00 

Halsted  &  Stiles 500  00 

Parker,  Wilder  &  Co 500  00 

Garrett,  Clark  &  Co 500  00 

Lelnnaier  Brothers 500  00 

Faulkner,  Kimball  &  Co 500  00 

Haviland,  Lindsley  &  Co 500  00 

Northrnp,  Taylor  &  Co 414  00 

Noell  &  Oelbermann 300  00 

L.  &  B.  Curtis  &  Co 300  00 

Hardt  &  Co 300  00 

Ed.  S.  Hall  &  Co 300  00 

Mortimers  &  DeBost 300  00 

Stone,  Bliss,  Fay  &  Allen 250  00 

Frederick  L.  Joanvahrs 250  00 

Reimer  &  Mecke 250  00 

David  Lamb 250  00 

Julius  Gerson 250  00 

Linder,  Kingsley  &  Co 250  00 

Oscar  Delisle 250  00 

Auffmordt,  Hessenberg  &  Co. .  .  250  00 

Christ,  Jay  &  Co 250  00 

Passavant  &  Co 250  00 

Whittemore,  Dyer  &  Post 250  00 

Streeter,  Faxon  &  Potter 250  00 

Pastor,  Hardt  &  Lindgens 250  00 

Wright,  Brinkerhoff  &  Co. ....  250  00 

Eastman,  Bigelow  &  Dayton.  .  .  250  00 

H.  Hennequin  &  Co 250  00 

W.  L.  Pomeroy  &  Adams 250  00 

S.  M.  &  B.  Cohen  &  Co 25000 

James  M.  Deuel 250  00 

Smith  &  Lawrence 250  00 

Henry  Lawrence.* 250  00 

Wolfers  &  Kalischer 250  00 

Gawtry  &  Freneau 250  00 

Hyde,  Coe  &  McCollum 250  00 

Crook  &  Scotts 250  00 

C.  F.  Van  Blankensteyn 250  00 

Ogden  &  Blewett 250  00 

John  Fraser  &  Co 250  00 

Thos.  Drew  &  Co 250  00 

Forstmann  &  Co 250  00 

Charles  N.  Fearing 250  00 

Charles  G.  Landon  .  250  00 


Wm.  Topping ...    $250  00 

Ed.  T.  Snelling 250  00 

George  W.  Powers 250  00 

Robt.  Slimmon  &  Co 250  00 

Bulkley  &  Co 250  00 

John  Bett 250  00 

Henry  Marx 250  00 

Waterbury,  Shaw  &  Co 250  00 

T.  Putnam  &  Co 250  00 

Cunningham,  Frost  &  Throck- 

mortons 250  00 

Escher  &  Co 250  00 

E.  B.  Strange  &  Bro 250  00 

Warner  &  Loop 250  00 

0.  F.  Dambmann  &  Co 250  00 

Rudderow,  Jones  &  Co. 250  00 

S.  M.  Waller  &  Co 250  00 

Sorchan,  Allien  &  Diggelmann.  250  00 

Ammidown,  Lane  &  Co 250  00 

John  Sykes,  Jr 250  00 

F.  Victor  &  Achelis 250  00 

C.  F.  Schmieder  &  Co 250  00 

Almy,  Patterson  &  Co 250  00 

Harms  &  Wiechmann 250  00 

G.  A.  Schniewind 250  00 

Ed.  Harris 250  00 

M.  Maas 150  00 

Carhart,  Bacon  &  Greene 150  00 

Werner  &  Forester 100  00 

Samuel  Hanna 100  00 

Globe  Woolen   Co.,   by  W.  W. 

Coffin,  Treas 100  00 

D.  H.  &  M.  Arnold 100  00 

Shaw  &  Coffin 100  00 

Lippman  &  Xeuberger 100  00 

J.  Hess  &  Co 100  00 

Munsell  &  Co 100  00 

H.  Schulting 100  00 

Thomas  J.  Davis 100  00 

E.  Warburg  &  Co 100  00 

Jas.  Smeiton 100  00 

Wm.  F.  Oakey 100  00 

C.  Marie  &  Co 100  00 

Wolbert,  Gordon  &  Co 100  00 

Schmieder  Bros 100  00 

Booth  &  Tuttle '    100  00 

A.  Baldwin  &  Co 100  00 

Maltby,  Eastwood,  Brewster  & 

Co 100  00 

Rumsey  &  McCaffray 100  00 

Hinck  &  Pupke 100  00 


232 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


H.  W.  Stehr  &  Co  

$100  00 

Mills  &  Ray  

$100  00 

W.  F.  Grinnell  

100  00 

E.  &.  W.  Cock&  Co  

100  00 

Charles  Heussner  

100  00 

Dimock  &  Moore  

100  00 

Louis  Lehmaier  &  Co  

100  00 

S.  F.  Barry  

100  00 

Geo.  Underbill  &  Co  

100  00 

H.  Appold  

100  00 

Ottenheimer  Brothers.  

100  00 

De  Bost  &  Brothers   

100  00 

D.  Douglas  &  Co  

100  00 

Bronson  Peck  

100  00 

L.  A.  Freund  &  Co  

100  00 

Curtis  &  Co  , 

100  00 

Asiel  &  Erdmann  

100  00 

Terry  &  Doolittle  

100  00 

Geo.  W.  Knowlton  

100  00 

Guiterman  Brothers  

100  00 

Francis  Baker  

100  00 

Rockwell  &  Scott  

100  00 

John  B.  Hall  

100  00 

A.  C.  Larnson  

100  00 

C.  J.  Howell  

100  00 

II.  Herrman  &  Co  

100  00 

S.  H.  Pearce  &  Co  

100  00 

S.  &H.  Brown  

100  00 

Oscar  Prolss  &  Co  

100  00 

Graham  &  Aitkin  

100  00 

A.  North  &  Co  

100  00 

E.  H.  Van  Ingen  

100  00 

Braun,  Ellon  &  Co  

100  00 

D.  Valentine  

100  00 

Burgess  &  Seaver  

100  00 

McCune,  Scott  &  Cooper.  .  .  . 

100  00 

Bruraley  &  Kellogg  

100  00 

E.  S.  Felt  

100  00 

Peter  Donald  

100  00 

Other  subscriptions  

.  .       4,258  02 

Henry  Schmieder  

100  00 

Sale  of  goods  contributed  .  .  . 

.  .       7,600  98 

Field,  Morris  &  Co  

100  00 

Total  

$137,623  00 

COMMITTEE    ON 

FANCY    GOODS. 

Scoville  Manufacturing  Company  \ 

&1,000  00 

Wallace  &  Fitch  

.  .       $100  00 

Hughes  &  Crehange  

500  00 

Julius  H.  Pratt  

100  00 

Eosenfeld,  Brothers  &  Co  

500  00 

James  Morrison  &  Co  

100  00 

Chapman,  Noyes  &  Lyon  

500  00 

Bachmann  &  Laurent   

100  00 

A.  W.  "Welton  &  Porters  

500  00 

Alexander  &  Eisig  

100  00 

J.  M.  &  J.  N.  Plumb  

500  00 

R.  H.  Hinsdale  

100  00 

Caron  &  Co  

500  00 

N.  Hillyer  

100  00 

Townsend  &  Yule  

300  00 

E.  Bredt  

100  00 

Dowd,  Baker,  Whitfield  &  Co.  .  . 

300  00 

Schack  &  Hotop  

100  00 

Bobbins,  Calhoun  &  Co  

300  00 

Arms  &  Bardwell  

100  00 

Jones,  Brooks  &  Co.,  of  Melham, 

C.  C.  North  

100  00 

England  

300  00 

J.  A.  Humphrey  &  Brother.  . 

100  00 

James  Douglas  

250  00 

Meeker  &  Maidhof  

100  00 

Williston,  Knight  &  Co  

250  00 

Keller  &  Lingg  

100  00 

Charles  Muller  

250  00 

Amson,  Herrmann  &  Co  

1  00  00 

Fowler  &  Chapin  

250  00 

Neilley  &  Glassford  

100  00 

Taylor,  Richards  &  Co  

250  00 

Lorenz,  Crofts  &  Co  

100  00 

J.  &  A.  Blumenthal  

250  00 

Unkart  &  Co  

100  00 

C.  E.  Borsdorff  

200  00 

Holzinger  &  Bruckheimer  .  .  . 

100  00 

Billings,  Roop  &  Co  

200  00 

Taft,  Burgess  &  Co  

100  00 

"Waterbury  Hook  and  Eye  Co  .  . 

200  00 

Howell,  Foster  &  Wilson 

100  00 

Julius  Hart  

200  00 

Solmson,  Meyer  &  Co  

100  00 

Peter  Murray  

100  00 

Pratt,  Reade  &  Co  

100  00 

J.  Rosenthal  &  Brother  

100  00 

Garelly  &  Geer  

100  00 

Winzer  &  Tailer  

100  00 

E.  F.  Kortum  

100  00 

Heinemann  &  Silbermann  

100  00 

Thaddeus  Davids  &  Co  

100  00 

C.  J.  Lawrence  and  H.  Faile $100  00 

Other  subscriptions 3,459  82 


THE   METROPOLITAN   FAIR.  233 

Sales  of  goods  contributed $2,735   10 


Total $16,794  92 


COMMITTEE    OX    FINANCE. 


,. 

John  Warren  &  Son  

250  00 

4^ 

Ward  &  Co  

$250  00 

_--A-a,sirj, 

Stimson,  Fronk  &  Co  

250  00 

• 

Wm.  C.  Churchill  

250  00 

VSr^rak  ' 

Wm.  II.  Marston  

250  00 

W^~-^      TOiHS1        "S     T? 

Geo.  S.  Rainsford  

250  00 

1'  ^^••K^lr  >V;^  -  -J'fiHI 

S««Fff 

Quigley  Brothers  

250  00 

MRtf^Sf/S 

John  Alstyne  

250  00 

jl  Nyy  £ 

James  M.  Drake  &  Co  

250  00 

JBNNMr  i 

*     ^^Bs^l 

T.  Ketcham  &  Co  

250  00 

•Bp^     yl 

fr^aBI 

Oddie,  St.  George  &  Co  

250  00 

i     ^SHk 

Fitzhugh  &  Jenkins  

250  00 

*o| 

Boonen  Graves  &  Co  

250  00 

""""nil  |Hlr~ij 

David  Dudley  Field  

200  00 

S!  1,  ^ 

•V^c 

David  Crawford,  Jr  

200  00 

Martin  &  Smith  

150  00 

W.  B.  Astor  

$2,000  00 

Percy  R.  Pyne  

.    .         100  00 

Lockwood  &  Co  

1,500  00 

Wm.  H.  Scott  

100  00 

George  S.  Robbins  &  Son  .  . 

1.000  00 

Warren  Ferris  

100  00 

Duncan,  Sherman  &  Co.  .  .  . 

1,000  00 

A.  M.  Ferris  

100  00 

Babcock,  Brothers  &  Co.  .  . 

1,000  00 

Edward  B.  Ketchum  

100  00 

Williams  &  Guion  

1,000  00 

C.  J.  Cambreleng  

100  00 

Johnson  &  Lazarus  

.    .      1,000  00 

William  Seymour  Jr. 

100  00 

August  Belmont  

500  00 

Garesche,  Minton  &  Co  

100  00 

Van  Schaick  &  Massett  .... 

500  00 

Geo.  A.  Osgood  

100  00 

Cammann  &  Co  

500  00 

W  B   Clerke 

100  00 

Vermilve  &  Co  

500  00 

Geo.  Manley  &  Co. 

100  00 

William  &  John  O'Brien.  .  . 

500  00 

L.  T   Hoyt 

100  00 

David  Groesbeck  

500  00 

S  B  James 

100  00 

H.  T.  Morgan  

500  00 

N  G  Bradford. 

100  00 

Morse  &  Co  

500  00 

J.  F.  D.  Lanier  

100  00 

Fearing  &  Dalton  

500  00 

Prime  &  Co  

100  00 

Hallgarten  &  Herzfeld  

500  00 

R.  Schell                           

100  00 

Edmund  II.  Miller  

500  00 

H.  M.  Benedict  

100  00 

Fisk  &  Hatch  

500  00 

A.  G.  Wood  

100  00 

Henry  A.  Stone  

500  00 

O'Brien  Brothers  

100  00 

Drexel,  Winthrop  &  Co.  .  .  . 

500  00 

P.  M.  Myers  &  Co  

100  00 

Howell  L  Williams 

500  00 

G.  T.  Bonner  &  Co  

100  00 

W  R  Travers 

400  00 

J.  N.  Perkins  &  Co  

100  00 

Weston,  De  Billier  &  Co. 

300  00 

H.  Meigs,  Jr  

100  00 

Geo.  C.  Ward   . 

300  00 

John  Bloodgood  

100  00 

0.  D.  Ashley  

300  00 

Almon  W.  Griswold  

250  00 

Bank*, 

Ballin  &  Sander  

250  00 

Metropolitan  Bank  

.  .  .   $2,000  00 

Thomas  Denny  &  Co. 

250  00 

Bank  of  New  York.         .  .  .  . 

...     1,500  00 

R.  L.  Cutting  &  Co..  . 

250  00 

Bank  of  America.  . 

1,500  00 

234 


THE  TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


Merchants'  Bank $1,500  00 

Bank  of  the  Republic 1,000  00 

Manhattan  Bank 1,000  00 

Bank  of  the  State  of  New  York  1,000  00 

Phoenix  Bank 1,000  00 

Mechanics'  Bank 1,000  00 

Continental  Bank 1,000  00 

Park  Bank 1,000  00 

Broadway  Bank 1,000  00 

Corn  Exchange  Bank 1,000  00 

Union  Bank 750  00 

Mercantile  Bank 750  00 

National  Bank 750  00 

Importers  &  Traders'  Bank 750  00 

Shoe  &  Leather  Bank 750  00 

Chemical  Bank 500  00 

Commonwealth  Bank 500  00 

Bank  of  North  America 500  00 

Pacific  Bank 500  00 

Tradesmen's  Bank 500  00 

Butchers  &  Drovers'  Bank 500  00 

First  National  Bank 300  00 

British  &  American  Exchange 

Banking  Corporation 250  00 

Mercantile  &  Exchange  Bank.  .  250  00 

Greenwich  Bank 250  00 

New  York  Exchange  Bank 250  00 

Merchants'  Exchange  Bank 250  00 

Ocean  Bank 250  00 

Nassau  Bank 250  00 

Hanover  Bank 250  00 

Chatham  Bank 250  00 

Market  Bank 250  00 

Manufacturers  &  Merchants' 

Bank 250  00 

Marine  Bank 250  00 

Mechanics'  Banking  Association  250  00 

Second  National  Bank 200  00 

People's  Bank 200  00 

Citizens'  Bank 200  00 

Mechanics'  &  Traders'  Bank.  .  .  200  00 

North  Paver  Bank 200  00 

Irving  Bank 200  00 

Seventh  Ward  Bank 200  00 

Atlantic  Bank 150  00 

Oriental  Bank 150  00 

New  York  County  Bank 125  00 

Bull's  Head  Bank 125  00 

Insurance  Companies. 

Home  Insurance  Co $700  00 

Lorillard  Insurance  Co...  500  00 


Continental  Insurance  Co $500  00 

North  American  Insurance  Co. .  500  00 

Corn  Exchange  Insurance  Co. . .  400  00 

Metropolitan  Insurance  Co 300  00 

Knickerbocker  Fire  Ins.  Co. . . .  300  00 

Citizens'  Fire  Insurance  Co 300  00 

Manhattan  Fire  Insurance  Co. . .  250  00 

United  States  Fire  Ins.  Co 250  00 

Park  Fire  Insurance  Co 250  00 

City  Fire  Insurance  Co 250  00 

American  Fire  Insurance  Co. .  .  .  250  00 

Howard  Fire  Insurance  Co 250  00 

Arctic  Fire  Insurance  Co 250  00 

Royal  Fire  Insurance  Co 250  00 

Commonwealth  Fire  Ins.  Co —  250  00 

Etna  (Hartford)  Fire  Ins.  Co.  . .  250  00 
Liverpool    &    London    Fire   & 

Life  Insurance  Co 250  00 

Hope  Insurance  Co 200  00 

Columbia  Insurance  Co 200  00 

Germania  Insurance  Co 200  00 

Howard  Insurance  Co 200  00 

Mercantile  Insurance  Co 200  00 

New  York  Fire  &  Marine  Insu- 
rance Co 200  00 

Niagara  Fire  Insurance  Co 200  00 

Market  Fire  Insurance  Co 200  00 

Equitable  Fire  Insurance  Co 200  00 

Commercial  Fire  Insurance  Co.  200  00 

New  World  Fire  Insurance  Co.  200  00 

Empire  City  Fire  Insurance  Co.  200  00 

Relief  Insurance  Co 200  00 

Fulton  Insurance  Co 200  00 

Atlantic  Insurance  Co 150  00 

St.  Nicholas  Insurance  Co 150  00 

Astor  Insurance  Co 150  00 

People's  Insurance  Co 150  00 

Lenox  Insurance  Co 150  00 

Indemnity  Fire  Insurance  Co.. .  150  00 

Harmony  Fire  Insurance  Co —  150  00 

Firemen's  Fund  Insurance  Co. . .  150  00 

Brevoort  Insurance  Co 150  00 

New  Amsterdam  Insurance  Co.  150  00 

Gallatin  Insurance  Co 150  00 

Central  Park  Insurance  Co 150  00 

Jefferson  Insurance  Co 100  00 

Northwestern  Insurance  Co. ...  100  00 

Tradesmen's  Insurance  Co 100  00 

Yonkers  &  New  York  Ins.  Co..  100  00 

Other  subscriptions 140  00 

Total..  .  .$63,840  00 


THE   METROPOLITAN   FAIR. 


235 


COMMITTEE    OX    HIDES    AXD    LEATHER. 


rf] 

W.  B.  Isham  &  Gallup  
H.  J.  Brooks  &  Co  

250  00 
250  00 

S.  &  C.  H.  Isham  

250  00 

Mahlon  Mattison.   . 

200  00 

Geo.  Palen  &  Co  

200  00 

Van  Wagenen  &  Tuttle  

.    .          150  00 

p 

Smith  Elv,  Jr  

100  00 

J.  B.  Mattison  

100  00 

Elijah  T.  Brown  

100  00 

Barnes  &  Merritt  

100  00 

Fawcett  &  Benedict  

100  00 

Israel  Corse.   

$500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 

Stout  &  Tuttle  

100  00 

W.  Creighton  Lee  

100  00 

Thomas  W.  Pearsall,  Jr.   .  .  . 

100  00 

Loring  Andrews  

R.  Stout  &  Son  

100  00 

Thorne,  Watson  &  Butman  .... 
Thomas  Smull  

Hans  Rees  

100  00 

F  M.  Maas  &  Co. 

100  00 

Hovt  Brothers  

S   Mendelson.   . 

100  00 

Young,  Schultz  &  Co. 

George  Brooks    . 

100  00 

Ambrose  K.  Ely  

Other  subscriptions 

420  00 

Total  

.  .     $6,770  00 

COMA) 

Eli  White  &  Sons 

ITTEE   OX    HATS, 
$1,000    00 

1,000  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
300  00 
300  00 
300  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 

CAPS    AXD   FURS. 

L.  J.  &  I.  Phillips  

$177  50 

C.  Gunther  &  Sons.  . 

W.  Moser  

100  00 

M.  Bates,  Jr.,  &  Co..  . 

Nichols,  Burtnett  &  Co  

100  00 

Shethar  &  Nichols.  .    . 

J.  C.  Lord  &  Brother  

100  00 

Draper,  Clark  &  Co. 

J.  D.  Phillips  &  Co  

100  00 

Murphv  &  Griswold  

Osborne  &  May  

100  00 

Edward  J.  King  

Duryee  &  Jaques  

100  CO 

H.  Schlesinger  

D.  S.  Williams  

100  00 

J.  M.  Oppenheim  &  Co. 

Pierre  Chouteau   

100  00 

A.  T.  Finn  &  Co  

Boyden,  Ditmars  &  Co  

100  00 

H.  A.  Hurlbut  

M.  B.  Fielding  &  Co  

100  00 

E.  Kaupe  &  Cummings 

McCabe,  Clark  &  Co.. 

100  00 
.  .      1,015  00 

Thompson,  White  &  Co  

Other  subscriptions  

John  H.  Swift  

Sale  of  goods  contributed  .  .  . 

.      1,987  85 

J  W  Lester  &  Co 

Total  . 

.   $10,930  35 

COMMITTEE    OX    JEWELRY,  &C. 


A.  Morton $1,000  00 

Randel  &  Baremore 300  00 

W.  D.  Maxwell 250  00 

G.  &  S.  Owen  &  Co 100  00 

S.  W.  Chamberlain  .  100  00 


Joseph  Rudd  &  Co $100  00 

Middleton  &  Pooler 10000 

Other  subscriptions 644  00 

Sales  of  articles  contributed 17,300  50 


Total $19,900  56 


236 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


COMMITTEE    ON    HARDWARE. 


J.  B.  &  W.  W.  Cornell  &  Co. ... 

Holmes,  Booth  &  Haydens 

Hermann  Boker  &  Co 

U.  A.  Murdock 

Dehon,  Clark  &  Bridges 

Wetmore  &  Co 

J.  &  L.  Tuckerman 

J.  H.  Abeel  &  Co 

Egleston,  Battell  &  Co 

Russell  &  Irwin  Manfg.  Co 

Chas.  Bliven 

Sargent  &  Co 

Walsh,  Coulter  &  Co 

Phelps,  Dodge  &  Co 

Fuller,  Lord  &  Co 

L.  P.  Hawes 

Hull  Clark 

W.  W.  Goddard 

R.  Smith  Clark 

C.  Vandervoort 

Dickinson,  Reed  &  Co 

John  V.  Beam,  Jr 

August  W.  Payne 

Wm.  Jessop  &  Sons 

Smith  &  Hegeman 

T.  B.  Coddington  &  Co 

W.  Oothout 

Pierson  &  Co 

P.  Cooper  

Bruce  &  Cook. . 


1,000  00  A.  A.  Thomson  &  Co $200  00 

500  00  J.  D.  Locke 200  00 

500  00  E.  Sherman 200  00 

500  00  Goodwin  &  Cort 200  00 

500  00  W.  &  S.  Butcher 200  00 

500  00  John  W.  Quincy 200  00 

50000  A.  S.  Hewitt 15000 

500  00  Coffin,  Lee  &  Co 150  00 

500  00  C.  E.  Griswold  &  Co 150  00 

50000  Elisha  Mills 10000 

50000  T.  Otis  Le  Roy  &  Co 10000 

500  00  R.  W.  Booth 100  00 

500  00  J.  C.  Hobson 100  00 

500  00  W.  K  Seymour  &  Co 100  00 

500  00  New  York  Lead  Company 100  00 

45000  Kendall  &  Warner 10000 

300  00  W.  Bailey  Lang  &  Co 100  00 

300  00  Borden  &  Lovell 100  00 

250  00  Pettee,  Wilson  &  Co 100  00 

250  00  Bradley  &  Smith 100  00 

250  00  Wilson,     Hawksworth,    Ellison 

250  00            &  Co 100  00 

250  00  Lalance  &  Grosjean 100  00 

250  00  K  E.  James 100  00 

25000  Geo.  W.  Robins 10000 

250  00  John  B.  Peck 100  00 

250  00  John  E.  Byrne 100  00 

250  00  Ingoldsby,  Halsted  &  Co 100  00 

250  00  Other  subscriptions 1,455  00 

200  00  Sales  of  goods  contributed 6,483  88 


Total $23,388 


COMMITTEE    ON    MILLINERY. 


Andrews,  Giles,  Sanford  &  Co $500  00 

Martin  &  Lawson 

B.  F.  Beekman 

Forman,  Tibbals  &  Hubbard . 

Charles  Mills , 

John  Rogers 

C.  T.  Aldrich 

Plummer  &  Michel 

Marshall,  Johnson  &  Co..  . . . 

Washington  &  Smith ...... 

Lawson  Brothers  &  Day.  . . . 

Terry  &  Patterson 

Other  subscriptions.. 


500  00 

300  00 

250  00 

250  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

t 100  oo 

T 480  00 

Sales  of  goods  contributed 1,225  80 


Total $4,205  80 


THE   METROPOLITAN  FAIR. 


237 


COMMITTEE    OX    GROCERS. 


Sturges,  Bennet  &  Co 

John  C.  Green 

Howland  &  Aspinwall 

Grinnell,  Minturn  &  Co 

Weston  &  Gray 

E.  D.  Morgan  &  Co 

N.  L.  &  G.  Griswold 

Moses  Taylor  &  Co 

D.  &  A.  Kingsland,  Sutton  &  Co. 

Francis  Skiddy 

Sheppard  Gandy 

John  Caswell 

New  York  Steam  Sugar  Ref.  Co. 

W.  H.  Fogg 

J.  C.  Dayton 

Park  &  Seaman 

Penfold  &  Schuyler 

C.  P.  Fisher  &  Co 

Skeel  &  Reynolds 

C.  Burkhalter  &  Co 

Benj.  B.  Sherman 

Oelrichs  &  Co 

Aymar  &  Co 

Heinemann  &  Payson 

Sturges  &  Co 

Wm.  Moller 

Babcock  &  Co 

J.  K.  &E.  B.  Place 

Ezra  Wheeler  &  Co 

Garbutt,  Black  &  Hendricks. . . 

Carter  &  Hawley 

Watts,  Crane  &  Co 

Dallett  &  Bliss 

J.  W.  Schmidt  &  Co 

Owen  &  Carnegie 

Ponvert  &  Co 

Kirkland  &  Von  Sachs 

Burger,  Hurlbut  &  Livingston.  . 

Kent  &  Co 

Poirier  &  Co 

J.  J.  Crane 

Henry  Yelverton 

P.  V.King  &  Co 

John  R.  Bacon 

Chandler  Robbins 

Sackett,  Belcher  &  Co 

Total  . . 


$2,500  00  Bass  &  Clark 

2,500  00  Youngs  &  Co 

1,500  00  Geo.  G.  Hobson 

1,500  00  Wm.  T.  Frost 

1,500  00  Geo.  A.  Fellows 

1,500  00  Joseph  Foulke's  Sons 

1,500  00  J.  V.  Onativia  &  Co 

1,500  00  Bentley  &  Burton 

1,00000  S.  S.  Wyckoff  &  Co 

1,000  00  Jas.  Hunter  &  Co 

1,000  00  Arcularius,  Bonnett  &  Co 

1,000  00  Gill,  Gillets  &  Noyes 

1,000  00  Ross  W.  Wood  &  Son 

1,000  00  Cotheal  &  Co 

500  00         Camp,  Brunsen  &  Sherry 

500  00         Isaac  Bell 

500  00         S.  W.  Lewis 

500  00         Z.  S.  Ely  &  Co 

500  00        David  Olyphant 

500  00         Gross  &  March 

500  00        Luis  Barjau 

500  00        Denton  Smith  &  Co 

50000        D.  C.  Ripley  &  Co 

600  00        Dorrelle  &  Co 

500  00  Burgess,  Ockershausen  &  Co. . . 

500  00         Burdett  &  Event 

500  00        Me  Andrew  &  Wann 

500  00         F.  T.  Montell  &  Bartow 

500  00        L.  M.  Hoffman's  Son  &  Co 

500  00        Beebe  &  Brother 

50000        Pupke,  Thurbur  &  Co 

50000        Bodine  &  Co 

500  00        Dater,  Clark  &  Co 

500  00        James  Olwell  &  Co 

500  00        H.  K.  Bull 

50000         Gibson,  Early  &  Co 

500  00        Todd  &  Co 

250  00    Theodore  W.  Todd 

250  00    Wm.  Vernon,  Jr 

250  00    Geo.  W.  Elder 

250  00        John  Wheelwright 

250  00        Morewood  &  Co 

250  00        Fausto  Mora 

250  00        Other  contributions 

250  00        Sale  of  goods  contributed 

250  00 


$250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
1,193  00 
7,168  43 

$51,211  43 


Gary  &  Co. . 


COMMITTEE    ON    SHIPS    AND    SHIPPING. 

$1,250  00         Charles  H.  Marshall. 


238 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Spofford  &  Tileston $1,000  00 

M.  O.  Roberts. 1,000  00 

Fabbri  &  Chauncey 1,000  00 

Alsop  &  Chauncey 1,000  00 

Win.  H.  Webb 500  00 

"  u        Workmen 534  10 

"  «  "         514  00 

500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
395  00 
330  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
243  10 
201  24 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
182  00 
165  00 
150  00 
130  00 


H.  T.  Livingston 

Harbeck  &  Co 

N.  L.  McCready 

W.  A.  Freeborn  &  Co.. . . . 

John  D.  Jones 

Samuel  L.  Mitchell 

William  AVall's  Sons 

M.  K.  Wilson 

Wm.  Whitlock,  Jr 

De  Groot  &  Peck 

P.  N.  Spofford 

E.  S.  Hidden 

W.  S.  Whitlock 

Smith  &  Dimon 

Daniel  D.  Westervelt 

John  Englis  &  Son 

C.  &  R.  Poillon 

Roosevelt,  Joyce  &  Co. . .  . 

Aug.  Whitlock  &  Co 

Ed.  Mott  Robinson 

Wm.  K.  Hinman 

J.  T.  Graham's  collections 

John  G.  Gunther 

R.  W.  Cameron,  boat  .... 

F.  G.  Ogden 

Total  . . 


Samuel  Sneden,  agent 

John  Christie 

Thomas  Stack 

J.  B.  &  J.  D.  Van  Duzen 

Ariel  Patterson 

John  A.  McGaw 

C.  Comstock  &  Co 

W.  H.  Webb,  oakum 

J.  T.  B.  Maxwell 

J.  B.  Webb 

Wm.  Menzies 

R.  P.  Logan 

J.  D.  Brewster 

Hicks  &  Bell 

Daniel  Barnes,  Jr 

F.  Church 

John  S.  Tappan 

Daniel  Drake  Smith 

Randolph  M.  Cooley 

Sutton  &  Co 

Nathaniel  M.  Terry 

Lewis  Raymond 

Henry  Steers 

Jas.  R.  Taylor 

Ezra  Bucknam 

T.  F.  Rowland 

Capt.  Wm.  Edwards 

Other  subscriptions,  a  large  por- 
tion from  workmen  in  ship- 
yards   

Sale  of  articles  contributed. . . 


$100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 


2,318  78 
214  50 


$20,177  72 


COMMITTEE    ON    AGRICULTURE. 


R.  P.  Parrott $100  00 

S.  B.  Althause 100  00 

Moses  Cummings 100  00 

Michael  Grosz 100  00 

Benjamin  N.  Huntington,  Rome, 

N.  Y 100  00 

Ogden  &  Co 50  00 

W.  H.  Gedney 50  00 

Other  subscriptions 98  00 

Sale  of  articles  contributed 4,882  62 


.Total $5,580  62 


Hotels. 
Fifth  Avenue  Hotel. .  , 


RESTAURANT    DEPARTMENT. 

St.  Nicholas  Hotel $1,000  00 

$1,000  00        Everett  and  Clarendon  Hotels..         500  00 


THE  METROPOLITAN  FAIR. 


239 


Metropolitan  Hotel. 
Albemarle  Hotel. . . 

Maison  Doree 

St.  Denis  Hotel 

Brevoort  House  . . . 
St.  James  Hotel  . 


Provision  Dealers. 
Halstead,  Chamberlain  &  Co.. . 

Cape  &  Floyd 

Hayward  &  Sager 

W.  &  A.  Stevens 

John  M.  Smith's  Son 

A.  &  E.  Bobbins .*. 

Cobb  &  Earle 

Knapp  &  Co 


$300  00         Spring  &  Jamison $100  00 

200  00        Samuel  Clark  &  Son 100  00 

175  00        F.  Link  &  Brother 100  00 

150  00        Patterson  &  Co 100  00 

10000        C.  H.  Meday 10000 

100  00         Pray  &  Squire 100  00 

A.  &  J.  M.  Moses 100  00 

F.  Bechstein  &  Brother 100  00 

300  00         Cape,  Culver  &  Co 100  00 

200  00         Fink  &  Hencken 100  00 

20000         G.  V.  Bartlett 10000 

200  00         Wm.  Barker  &  Co 100  00 

200  00         Other  subscriptions 7,182  56 

20000         Sale  of  articles  contributed 2,67660 

150  00 

100  00         Donations  from  the  bakers 1,439  00 


Total $17,573  16 


COMMITTEE    ON    1'T'RLIC    CONVEYANCES. 


Hudson  River  R.  R.  Co 

New  York  &  New  Haven  R.  R. 

Company 

Delaware  &  Hudson  Canal  Co. . 
Employees  of  the  Central  Park, 

North  &  East  River  Railroad 

Company 

Greenpoint  Ferry  Co.,  one  day's 

receipts  

Telegraph  Line  of  Stages 

Troy  Steamboat  Co 

Albany  Line  of  Steamers 

Employees  of  Knickerbocker 

Stage  Co 


$5,000  00 

2,000  00 
500  00 


290  00 

218  30 
126  50 
120  00 
104  00 

26  00 


Total $8,384  80 

COMMITTEE    ON   SEWING    MACHINES. 

Elias  Howe,  Jr $500  00         Sale  of  articles  contributed $2,778  87 

Employees,  sixth  floor  of  Singer's 

Sewing  Machine  Factory 24  75 


Total $3,303  62 


COMMITTEE    ON    WINES    AND    LIQUORS. 


Chamberlain,  Phelps  &  Co $500  00         T.  R.  Minturn $100  00 


Joseph  Beecher  &  Co. . 

David  Jones 

Smith  &  Brothers 

Samuel  Milbank 

Matthew  P.  Reed. 
Beadleston  <fe  Price  . . . 
James  Robinson  &  Co.. 


250  00  Giro  &  Francia 

250  00  P.  Balen  &  Co 

250  00  Gomez,  "Wallace  &  Co 

250  00  L.  E.  Amsinck  &  Co 

250  00  John  Devlin 

200  00  Galwey,  Ca«ado  &  Teller. 

100  00  W.  C.  Ward  &  Co... 


100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 


240 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


Wm.  Eagle  

$100  00 

David  Stevenson  

$50  00 

P.  Ballantine  &  Sons  

100  00 

Koehler  Brothers  

50  00 

Van  Schaick,  Edwards  &  Co.  .  . 

100  00 

W.  Edgar  Bird  &  Co  

50  00 

Eobert  E.  Kelly  &  Co  

100  00 

Geo.  E.  Douglass    

50  00 

F.  Berthoud  &  Co  

50  00 

Sale  of  articles  contributed 

14,300  06 

50  00 

Total  .  . 

.   $17,850  06 

COMMITTEE    ON    GAS, 


Delaware  &  Hudson  Canal  Co..  $2,500  00 
Delaware,  Lackawanna  &  West- 
ern R.  K 2,500  00 

Pennsylvania  Coal  Co 2,500  00 


COAL    AND    FLAGS. 

E.  A.  Packer  &  Co $250  00 

Wm.  L.  Skidmore 200  00 

Joseph  R.  Skidmore 200  00 

A.  T.  Stout  &  Co 200  00 

Hammett,VanDusen&Lochinan  200  00 

Jeremiah  Skidmore 100  00 

Allan  Campbell 100  00 

Samuel  Castner 100  00 

Other  contributions 855  00 

Sale  of  cargo  of  coal  from  George 

Elliott,  of  London 13,513  50 

Total $26,718  50 


Quintard  &  Ward 

Chas.  A.  Heckscher  &  Co. . 

Louis  Audenreid  &  Co 

Noble,  Caldwell  &  Co 

F.  F.  Randolph 

Samuel  Bennett,  Jr 

A.  Pardee  &  Co. . 


500  00 
500  00 
600  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 


COMMITTEE    ON  MACHINERY. 


New  York  &  Havre  S.  S.  Co...  $1,000  00 

Morgan  Iron  Works 600  00 

Novelty  Iron  Works 600  00 

"          "         "         workmen.  560  76 

C.  H.  Delamater 540  80 

"             "           workmen 540  80 

Allaire  Works 500  00 

"         "         workmen 531  00 

Manhattan  Gas  Co.,  workmen, 

14th  Street 400  00 

J.  H.  Gautier  &  Co. . .  400  00 


Manhattan  Gas  Co.,  workmen, 

18th  Street  

John  Roach  &  Son 

Tugnot,  Dalley  &  Co 

James  Murphy  &  Co 

Fletcher,  Harrison  &  Co 

"  workmen. 

Herring  &  Floyd 

"  workmen .  . . 

K  Y.  &  Virginia  S.  S.  Co 

Samuel  Secor  &  Co 

"  "  "  workmen.. 

James  L.  Jackson  &  Brother . . . 

"  "  "  workmen 

Employees  of  Stratton  &  Foo  te . 

J.  &  R.  J.  Gray 

Cobauks  &  Theall 

"  "  workmen.. 

Samuel  C.  Hills 

N.  Y.  Gaslight  Co.,  workmen. . 

W.  &  H.  B.  Dougherty 

"  "  workmen 

Other  subscriptions 

Sale  of  machinery  contributed. . 


$333  85 
300  00 
300  00 
300  00 
300  00 

50  25 
250  00 

24  50 
250  00 
200  00 

88  95 
117  59 
122  83 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 

36  50 
100  00 
136  00 
100  00 

20  12 
1,077  30 
9,687  82 


Total $19,769  07 

COMMITTEE    ON    OUT    OF    TOWN    SUBSCRIPTIONS. 

Citizens  of  Ticonderoga,  N.  Y..         150  00         Wm.  Roe,  Newburgh,  K  Y $100  00 


THE   METROPOLITAN   FAIR. 


241 


Citizens  of  Rye  and  Harrison, 

N.  Y $2,591  62 

G.  A.  Elliott,  Newburgh.  N.  Y . .  50  00 


J.  L.  Rogers,  Newburgh,  N.  Y. . 
Binghampton  Loyal  League 
Other  subscriptions 


$50  00 
42  25 
97  25 


Total • $3,081  12 


COMMITTEE    ON   PAPEE    AND   STATIONERY. 


Campbell,  Hall  &  Co $500  00 

Journeymen    printers   and    ap- 
prentices, through  the  N.  Y. 

Typographical  Society 366  20 

White,  Sheffield  &  Co 300  00 

Fredk.  Bredt 100  00 

Manchester  Paper  Company . . .  100  00 


Lindenmeyr  &  Brother $100  00 

Leroy  A.  Fairchild 100  00 

Ayres  &  Ames 100  00 

Vernon  Brothers  &  Co 100  00 

Bulkley  Brothers  &  Co 100  00 

Other  subscriptions,  and  sale  of 

goods  contributed 5,081  16 


John  Priestley. 


100  00 


Total $7,047  36 


SCENE  IN  TIIE  METROPOLITAN   FAIK. 


COMMITTEE   ON   PRODUCE   AND   CORN  EXCHANGE. 


David  Dows  &  Co 

Baker  &  Brother 

McCombie  &  Child 

P.  H.  Holt 

P.  I.  Nevius  &  Sons 

Holt&  Co 

S.  C.  Paxson's  Son  &  Co . 

E.  Treadwell's  Sons 

Charles  T.  Goodwin .... 
16 


$500  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 


John  T.  Wilson $250  00 


F.  H.  Abbot  &  Co. 
Jesse  Hoyt  &  Co. . , 

J.  West 

A.  M.  Hoyt 

W.  E.  Barnes. 

W.  D.  Mangam  . . . 
Baldwin  K  Fox . . 
Jacob  H.  Herrick. 


200  00 
190  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
1(50  00 
100  00 
100  00 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


W.  S.  Gilman  ................       $100  00        Eobert  0.  Scott  ..............       $100  00 


J.  M.  Requa 
Sage  &  Co 
Rowland  &  Banks 
E.  W.  Coleman 
Wylie  &  Knevals 
E.  O.  Brinckerhoff 


100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
10000 


H.  W.  Smith  .................  100  00 

Joseph  Allen  &  Co  ............  100  00 

New  York  Association  of  Inspec- 

tors  .......   ...............  100  00 

Daniel  Cromwell  .............  100  00 

Other  subscriptions  ...........  81000 


Total  ...................  .......................  .................    $5,750  00 


COMMITTEE   ON   OIL,    SOAP,    AND   CANDLES. 

Alexander  Van  Rensselaer  .....       $500  00         F.  R.  &.  W.  C.  Fowler 


J.  C.  Wetmore 
R.  G.  Mitchell  &  Co 
Brewer,  Watson  &  Co 
Manhattan  Oil  Company 
Alanson  Swain 
Malcolm  C.  Greene 
T.  &  G.  Rowe 
"Wm.  H.  Murphy 
Raynolds,  Pratt  &  Co 
Barrows,  Haselton  &  Co 
James  Pryer  &  Co 


500  00 
25000 
250  00 
250  00 
200  00 
10000 
100  00 
10000 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 


$100  00 
100  00 
10000 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
10000 
100  00 
10000 
100  00 
383  70 
Sale  of  goods  contributed  ......  4,702  26 


L.  Ludovici 
A.  M.  Knight  &  Co 
Christopher  Tyler 
Van  Tassel  &  Archer 
Popham  &  Haxtun 
Geo.  W.  Todd 
Edward  Elsworth 
Cartwright  &  Harrison 
James  Boyd 
Other  subscriptions 


Total  ............................................................    $8,635  96 


COMMITTEE    ON    THE    DRAMA. 


J.   W.  Wallack,    proceeds  of   a 

benefit  ....................       $904  25 

A.  W.  Jackson,  proceeds  of  a 

benefit  ....................         606  50 

Mrs.  John  Wood,  proceeds  of  a 

benefit  ....................         627  50 

P.  T.  Barnum,  proceeds  of  a 

benefit  ....................         296  95 

Phelan  &  Collender,  Billiard 

Tournament  ...............         211  00 

Matinee  atNiblo's,  "Cinderella"  2,705  50 


Private  theatricals  at  the  theatre 

of  L.  W.  Jerome  ............    $6,157  85 

G.  L.  Fox,  proceeds  of  a  benefit,         350  00 
James  Lingard,  "  " 

Wm.  Wheatley  and  Edwin  Booth, 

proceeds  of  a  benefit  ........ 

Mrs.  E.  Cunard  ............... 

One  tenth  of  receipts  of  the  Hip- 

potheatron  for  three  weeks  .  . 
Howe's  Circus  ................ 

Other  receipts  ................ 


321  00 

940  50 
500  00 

136  37 

22  30 

171  85 


Total  ...........................................................   $13,<J51  57 


COMMITTEE    ON    PRIVATE    CONTRIBUTIONS. 


James  Lenox  .................    $5,000  00        J.  C.  Sanford.  ................       $600  00 


Morris  Ketchum  ..............  5,000  00 

Collection  by  Mrs.  Uriah  Hen- 

dricks  .....................  1,005  00 

N.  Y.  Stock  Exchange  .........  1,000  00 

Mrs.  M.  A.  Grosvenor  .........  1,000  00 

U.  S.  Sanitary  Commission  .....  1,000  00 

Rufus  L.  Lord  ................  1,00000 

New'York  Club  ..............  1,000  00 

Geo.  Griswold  Gray  ..........  1,000  00 

Edward  Clark  ...............  1,000  00 


Wm.  Mathews 
Ezra  R.  Goodridge  &  Co 
Benjamin  Nathan 
Christy,  Constant  &  Co 
Philip  Speyer  &  Co 
Miss  Mary  Bell 
Amos  R.  Eno 
Adrian  Iselin 
John  Tweddle 
Alexander  Hamilton,  Jr 


500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
50000 
500  00 
500  00 
250  00 


SANITARY  COMMISS 


WALLACE'S  THEATRE 


FEBRUARY  2,  1S64. 


ROSE  DALE. 


ELLIOT  GREY  ......................  .yr.  LeOe 

MILES  M'KENNA  ..................  Ifr.  John  Gilhert. 

MATTHEW   LEIGH  ......  ...Mr  Ckarl't  Fitter 

BUNBERRY   KOBB  .................  Mr.  George  Holland 

COL.  CAVENDISH  MAY  .....  Mr  Da 

SIR  ARTHUR  MAY  .................  KtTSmm  I*  Bnn. 

ROMANY  ROE 

FARMER  GREEN  ..........  Mr  B 

C  A  FOR  AL  DA  W,  of  the  Lancem.  .....  ttr.  Pope. 

LADY  MAY  .....................  Mr,.  Hoey. 

ROSA  LEIGH.  .  .  .  Miu  .Vary  (Jann-n. 

TABITHA  STORK  ............  '.'.'..'.'.'.  3fn.  Venon. 

LA  DY  ADEI.A  GREY  ...............  3fiu  Fan*u  Jfnrant. 

SARAH  SYKES  .....................  3fn  Mn  i3eft:,». 

PRIMROSE  ..........................  Mi,,  Uary  Barrett. 


XIBLO'S  GARDEN. 


APRIL  15,  ISftt 

THE  IRON  CHEST. 


SIR  EDWARD  MORTIMER  .......  Mr.  Edv-'in  Both 

HTZHARDING  ..........  V,  J,,hn  V««u^ 

WILKORD  ..........................  Xr.Ringgold 

ADAM  WIXTERTON  .......  ...Mr  BnrnM 

GILBERT  RAWBOLD  ...............  Mr.  Holme,. 

SAMPSON  RAWBOLD.  .............  Ur.E.La».h. 

ORSON  ..............................  Mr.BlaMell. 

HELEN  ..............................  Mi»,Ada  Clitlon. 

BLANCHE.  ..........................  Mr,.  Skerrett. 


KATHARINE  AND  PETRUCHIO 


PETRUCHIO.  ....  .  .  .  ifr.  &1*in  . 

BAPTISTA    .........................  Mr.  Holme*. 

BIONDELLO.  .....................  Mr.  Biaaao.'J. 

GRUMIO  ............................  Jfr.  fLLdmt,. 

KATH  ARIN  E  .......................  Mi»  Ada  Clifton. 

BIANC  A  .............................  Xiu  Everett.  ' 

CURTIS  ..........................  Jfiu  Mary  Wtllt. 


THE   METROPOLITAN   FAIR. 


243 


Mrs.  Anne  Seguin,  proceeds  of  a 

concert $400  00 

Mrs.  S.  L.  M.  Barlow,  proceeds 

of  a  picture 300  00 

T.  A.  Cummings 250  00 

Dubois,  Vandervoort  &  Co 250  00 

Samuel  F.  Ferguson 250  00 

Jos.  Lawrence 250  00 

Mark  L.  Potter 250  00 

W.  H.  Smith  &  Son 250  00 

Uriah  J.  Smith 250  00 

James  G.  King 250  00 

A.  Gracie  King 250  00 

Edward  Ferguson 250  00 

Marvin  &  Co.,  gift  of  the  price 

of  a  safe 225  00 

Howes  &  Macy 200  00 

Mrs.  J.  Butler  Wright 200  00 

Prof.  E.  Charlier 200  00 

John  Wolfe 200  00 

Mrs.  C.  Wolfe  &  daughter 200  00 

John  Kean 200  00 

Lucius  A.  Booth,  San  Francisco  175  25 

Miss  Helen  Morris 120  00 

Edgar  Ketchum 100  00 

Acker,  Merrall  &  Co 100  00 

Mrs.  Edward  Clark 100  00 

James  Coates 100  00 

Total  . . 


Tracy  R.  Edson 

Chas.  B.  Collins 

J.  B.  Holdermann 

Mrs.  Hamilton  White,  Syracuse 

Geo.  E.  L.  Hyatt 

Youngs,  Smith  &  Co 

J.  L.  Ross 

Mr.  Chamberlin 

W.  Bradford 

Josiah  Lane 

Lawrence  R.  Kerr 

Edgar  S.  Van  Winkle 

Morse  &  Co 

A.  Belmont  &  Co 

W.  D.  Crawford 

Theodore  Crane 

C.  H.  Marshall 

Francis  Moulton 

Jacob  Wall,  baker 

P.  H.  Frost 

A.  M.  Allerton 

Wm.  Waters  &  Co 

Woodbridge  &  Morris 

Thomas  M.  Lawrence 

Engineer  Corps  and  Architects 

of  the  Central  Park 

Other  subscriptions 


$100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 

44  00 

7,908  97 

.$39,028  22 


COMMITTEE    ON    PRIVATE    SCHOOLS. 


Students  of  Collegiate  Institute, 

926  Broadway $40  00 

Students  of  Geo.  C.  Anthon's 

school 110  00 

Students  of  Van  Norman  Insti- 
tute    230  00 

Students  of  J.  Macmullen's 

school..  125  30 


Students  of  Dow's  Female  Semi- 
nary, Plainfleld,  N.  J $70  00 

Concert  by  pupils  of  Miss  L.  F. 

Rostan 238  00 

Exhibition  by  pupils  of  Washing- 
ton Collegiate  Institute 154  00 

Pupils  of  the  Abbott  Institute . .         161  85 


Total $1,129  15 


OUT    OF    TOWN    TABLES. 


Buffalo  Table $500  00 

Owego  Table 1,140  24 

New  Bedford  Table 1,000  00 

Ohio  Table 2,340  20 

Staten  Island  Table 3,370  04 

Harlem  Table 3,584  1] 


Dobbs'   Ferry   and    Tarrytown 

Table $442  00 

Hastings  Table 665  00 

Norwalk  Table 1,565  00 

Westchester  Table 2,312  00 

Hartford  Table ..  1.005  00 


Total $17,923  59 


244 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


METROPOLITAN    POLICE. 

Donations  . . $4,034  25         Seventh  Precinct  Table $711  00 


Total $4,T45  25 


NEW  YORK  FIRE  DEPARTMENT.  .  $30,250  00 


PUBLIC    PRESS. 


M.  S.  Beach,  N.  Y.  Sun $624  77 

W.   C.    Bryant,   N.  Y.  Evening 

Post . .  250  00 


Other  newspapers,  by  refunding 
a  portion  of  their  bills  for  ad- 
vertising   $370  27 


Total $1,245  04 


Committee  on  Lingerie ........ 

"  "  Window  Glass.. 

"  "  Furniture 

"  "  Dentistry 

'i           "  Trades  and  Asso- 
ciations   

"  "  Tobacco 

"            "  Thread  and  Nee- 
dles   

"            "  India-Rubber  . . . 
'    "            "  Stoves  &  Gas  Fit- 
ting  

"            "  Hair  Dressing. . . 
Sale  of  Surgical  and  Optical  In- 
struments   

"      Flowers 

"      Ladies'  and  Fancy  Goods 


MISCELLANEOUS    RECEIPTS. 

$12,284  80         Sale    of    articles    in    Curiosity 

100  00            Shop $11,455  37 

8,837  33         Indian  Department 1,765  00 

2,91350        Mineral  Department 1,17402 

Photographic  Gallery ...    456  05 

3,224  48         Turnverein  Table 1,039  50 

2500        Welsh  Table 5,21005 

Thread  and  Small  Ware 4,918  00 

3,566  60         English  Cloth  Table 4,331  64 

8,621  43         Foreign  Goods  Table 131  65 

Perfumery  Table 1,262  00 

11175         Wax  Flowers  Table 1,31469 

533  30         Excelsior  Society  Table 1,345  00 

Mr.  E.  Mathews'  Table 4,500  00 

1,716  62         Toys  Table 1,851  45 

7,391  53         Furnishing  Goods  Table 3,936  15 

2,233  00        Saddlery  and  Harness  Table...  2,755  30 


Total $91,005  21 

Aggregate  of  all  receipts  above  given        ....    $946,238  32 
Cash  received  from  Express  Companies  of  New  York     .  20,000  00 

Foreign  Contributions 5,280  77 


THE   METROPOLITAN  FAIR. 


245 


New  Jersey  Committee ,  838,29808 

Seventh  Kegiment,  National  Guard 8,583  50 

New  York  Post  Office     . 700  00 

Committee  on  Public  Schools 23,782  19 

Koman  Department 7,896  30 

Spirit  of  the  Fair,  newspaper 7,175  73 

Ticket  Department          .         .         .        .        .         .        .  181,382  10 

Union  Square  Department,  including  returns  of  the  Com- 
mittee on  Music 100,134  18 

From  all  other  sources,  Jacob's  Well,  Interest,  refunded 
Insurance,  Soda  Water,  Copper  Mine,  Umbrella  Stand, 

etc.,  etc .        .  11,804  77 


Total   . 
Deduct  expenses 

Total  net 


$1,351,275  94 
167,769  71 

$1,183,506  23 


We  should  have  been  glad  to  be  able  to  give  as  full  a  list  of  the  contribu- 
tors of  goods  as  of  the  cash  subscribers,  but  our  limits  do  not  permit. 


TATTOO,    BT   THK  TWISTY-SECOND   KKGLMEKT   DRUM    CORPS 


We  must  now  transport  the  sanitary  flag  from  the  spot  where  the  North 
and  East  Eivers  unite  to  form  the  ocean,  to  that  where  the  Alleghany  and 
Monongahela  pour  their  waters  into  an  Ohio  of  their  creation. 

It  had  been  determined  to  hold  a  Sanitary  Fair  at  Pittsburgh  before  it 
was  known  that  a  similar  intention  existed  in  reference  to  holding  one  at 
Philadelphia,  The  time  for  holding  them  was  fixed  within  a  week  of  each 
other ;  but  the  event  failed  to  show  that  either  suffered  from  this  circumstance. 
The  following  ladies  and  gentlemen  composed  the  Executive  Committee  of 
the  Pittsburgh  Fair : 


246 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Miss  RACHEL  W.  M'FADDEN, 
MRS.  FELIX  R.  BEUNOT, 

"    TIEENAN, 

"     PAXTON, 

"     PEICE, 

"     WM.  BAKEWELL, 

"     KAY, 

"    JNO.  WATT, 

u     BEADY  WILKINS, 

"     ALGEBNON  BELL, 
Miss  SCSAN  SELLEES, 

"    MAKY  MOOEHEAD, 

"    ELLA  STEWABT, 
MRS.  MCMILLAN,         ^  Secretaries. 
Miss  BAKEWELL. 


FELIX  R.  BBUNOT,   Chairman, 

JNO.  H.  SHOENBEEGEB, 

THOS.  M.  HOWE, 

J.  I.  BENNETT, 

JOHN  W.  CHALFANT, 

CHAS.  "W.  BATCHELOE, 

B.  F.  JONES, 

JAMES  O'CoNNOE, 

JAMES  PAEK,  JR., 

MARK  W.  WATSON 

JNO.  WATT, 

W.  S.  HAVEN, 

S.  F.  VON  BONNHOEST,  Eon.  Cor.  Secretary. 

N.  HOLMES,  Honorary  Treasurer. 

W.  D.  MoGowAN,  Secretary. 


Buildings  were  erected  expressly  for  the  fair  in  the  Alleghany  Diamond 
Square.  Though  these  covered  about  sixty  thousand  square  feet,  the  com- 
mittee had  not  sufficient  space,  and  were  compelled  to  secure  various  halls  for 
detached  departments  of  the  fair.  This  opened  upon  the  first  of  June. 

The  mechanical  and  floral  departments  were  its  most  remarkable  features. 
The  first  was  to  have  been  expected  in  an  Iron  City ;  the  second,  the  success 
of  which  was  not  so  certain,  was  all  the  more  welcome  under  that  canopy  of 
smoke.  An  eye-witness  has  given  us  the  following  description  of  the  Floral 
Hall: 

"  The  grand  design  of  the  artist  is  to  illustrate  the  progress  of  man  in  civil- 
ization, as  evidenced  by  his  architectural  and  topographical  surroundings. 
The  canopy,  from  which  light  is  thrown  upon  the  forest  of  different  sections 
of  the  globe,  is  composed  of  the  national  emblem — entwined  in  red,  white 
and  blue  cloth — with  arches  of  evergreens  connecting  with  the  other  portions 
of  the  scene,  and  surmounting  the  whole.  Encircling  the  hall  is  a  series  of 
booths,  of  entirely  different  architecture,  from  the  rude  structure  framed  out 
of  the  native  forest  tree,  to  the  more  advanced  gothic  style.  On  either  side 
are  two  vistas  or  canopied  walks,  so  shaded  as  to  produce  the  beautiful  illu- 
sion of  great  extent  or  distance.  The  arches  are  richly  festooned  with  ever- 
greens. At  the  southern  end  is  the  '  Garden  of  Eden,'  while  in  the  northern 
extremity  of  the  hall  is  the  'Bower  of  Best,'  and  the  'Cascade.' 

"  On  the  central  piece  great  care  has  been  bestowed  to  carry  out  the  har- 
mony of  the  scenic  creation.  It  presents  six  sections  of  the  globe.  The  first 
is  a  striking  scene  upon  the  Khine ;  standing  in  front,  the  castle  is  observed  at 
the  top  of  the  mountain  slope,  roads  in  gentle  curves  passing  through  the 
grounds  of  the  peasantry  beneath ;  while  cottages,  water-mills,  sheep  grazing 


THE  PITTSBURGH  FAIR.  247 

in  the  distance,  jets  of  water  and  gurgling  streams,  combine  to  form  a  view  of 
great  beauty  and  attraction ;  at  the  base  of  the  mountain  is  a  glassy  lake, 
whose  margin  is  fringed  with  aquatic  plants  and  flowers.  From  this  point 
there  is  a  fine  view  of  the  cave,  which  presents  the  illusive  appearance  of 
being  an  extended  cavern  or  subterranean  passage  underlying  the  whole 
mountain.  The  music  of  the  trickling  water  falls  pleasantly  on  the  ear,  and 
the  lights,  seen  in  the  distance,  lend  enchantment  to  the  view. 

"  The  second  section  of  the  central  figure  is  a  faithful  representation  of  a 
white-pine  forest,  the  profile  of  the  ground  or  side  of  the  hill  being  in  strict 
congruity  with  the  trees  and  vegetation.  The  third  section  is  a  scene  in  Nor- 
way. A  belt  of  dark-green  native  forest  trees,  with  occasional  patches  of 
grass,  where  the  deer  browse,  give  variety  and  relief  to  the  scenery.  The 
fourth  section  is  an  elaborately  cultivated  French  garden — a  parterre,  with 
flowers,  sections  of  turf,  statuary,  vases,  all  the  choice  productions  from  every 
clime,  fountains,  the  whole  crowned  with  a  splendid  specimen  of  the  Agave 
Americana.  This  is  a  fair  illustration  of  what  landscape  gardeners  would  term 
an  irregular  taste,  but  producing,  by  great  profusion  and  variety,  a  charming 
effect. 

"  The  fifth  is  an  exhibition  of  an  iron  and  coal  mountain.  Eough  sand- 
stone formation,  slate,  coal,  and  iron  ore,  with  laurel  and  hemlock,  are  its  par- 
ticular features.  The  design  in  this  instance  is  forcibly  carried  out.  The  last 
section  is  intended  to  convey  a  topographical  appearance  of  a  hemlock  region. 
Broken  shade,  tumbling  debris,  and  decaying  matter,  fully  continue  the  har- 
mony of  the  natural  proportions.  Surmounting  the  central  picture  there  is  a 
rustic  summer  house,  which  is  reached  by  winding  steps,  formed  out  of  the 
projecting  rocks." 

The  following  is  an  abstract  of  the  Treasurer's  report : 

Receipts  from  all  sources $363,570  09 

Deduct  expenses 33,079  29 

Net  receipts $330,490  80 

Retained  for  Monument  Fund  and  other  uses 11,272  82 


Made  over  to  Sanitary  Commission $319,217  98 

Not  only  was  this  extraordinary  result  reached  in  Pittsburgh  while  the 
Great  Central  Fair  was  in  progress  in  Philadelphia,  but  the  Christian  Commis- 
sion, which  had  always  found  here  a  congenial  home,  collected,  during  the 
continuance  of  the  fair,  no  less  a  sum  than  $50,000.  Indeed,  in  its  contribu- 
tions to  the  latter  charity,  Pittsburgh  ranks  the  third  city  in  the  Union — 
Philadelphia  and  Boston  being  the  first  and  second. 


248  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

The  Great  Central  Fair  of  Philadelphia  followed  hard  upon  the  great,  and 
still  more  central,  fair  of  Pittsburgh.  It  was  in  many  respects  the  finest,  and, 
in  point  of  optical  effect,  certainly  the  most  beautiful,  of  the  series.  Whether 
this  was  owing  to  the  selection  of  a  locality  which  permitted  the  use  of  archi- 
tectural devices,  or  to  the  season  which  draped  the  scene  in  foliage  and  fur- 
nished it  with  the  flowers  and  fruits  of  June,  or  whether  Samaritan  wares 
must,  of  necessity,  be  more  tastefully  grouped  in  a  City  of  Brotherly.  Love,  it 
matters  little ;  it  is  sufficient  that  Philadelphians  had  reason  to  be  proud  of 
their  success,  and  that  the  rest  of  the  nation  was  grateful  for  it — that  there 
was  much  felicitation  and  no  jealousy. 

The  first  steps  towards  a  fair  in  Philadelphia  were  taken  in  January, 
1864.  Mrs.  Hoge,  who  has  been  often  mentioned  in  connection  with  sanitary 
matters,  was  present,  by  invitation,  at  a  meeting  of  the  Women's  Pennsylva- 
nia Branch  of  the  Sanitary  Commission.  She  gave  a  succinct  but  glowing 
account  of  the  Northwestern  Fair,  and  urged  the  example  of  the  Lake  City  as 
a  safe  one  to  follow.  The  advice  was  taken;  resolutions  were  passed;  the 
Executive  Committee  of  the  Philadelphia  Associates  of  the  Sanitary  Com- 
mission were  consulted  ;  the  usual  machinery  of  appeals  and  circulars  was  set 
in  motion;  and  very  soon  it  was  seen  that  so  deeply  was  the  popular  heart 
stirred,  not  only  in  the  city,  not  only  in  the  state,  but  also  in  the  neighboring 
principalities  of  Delaware  and  New  Jersey,  so  profuse  promised  to  be  the 
harvest,  that  no  edifice  would  house  the  wares,  no  structure  contain  the  buyers. 
So  the  Academy  of  Music  was  rejected ;  a  plan  for  supplementing  that  build- 
ing by  wings  and  bridges  was  tabled;  and  an  army  of  men,  possessed  of  the 
necessary  permit,  flinging  down  upon  Logan  Square  two  million  feet  of  lum- 
ber, wherewith  to  inclose  an  area  of  two  hundred  thousand  square  feet, 
applied  themselves  to  the  task  of  creating,  in  forty  working  days,  the  most 
beautiful  structure  in  America.  The  work  prospered;  the  fair  was  opened 
upon  the  day  appointed,  the  seventh  of  June,  with  processions,  cannonades, 
addresses,  hymns.  No  Fourth  of  July  was  ever  solemnized  as  a  more  general 
or  more  welcome  festival. 

Though  words  are  always  inadequate  to  convey  an  idea  of  architectural 
beauties,  and  though  those  of  Union  Avenue  elude  description  in  a  peculiar 
degree,  yet  an  attempt  that  would  have  been  successful,  had  success  been 
possible,  has  been  made  to  fix  its  lineaments  upon  paper.  In  Mr.  Stille's 
Memorial  occurs  the  following  passage :  "  Union  Avenue,  which  measured 
fifty  feet  from  the  floor  to  the  point  of  the  arch,  covered,  in  its  ground-plan,  the 
great  walk  of  Logan  Square,  five  hundred  and  fifty  feet  long,  and  sixty -four 


THE  GREAT  CENTRAL  FAIR. 


249 


feet  in  width.  It  was  composed  of  a  series  of  Gothic  arches,  a  style  originally 
adopted  principally  with  a  view  of  injuring  as  little  as  possible  the  noble  trees 
which  grew  on  each  side  of  the  walk,  the  branches  of  which  stood  in  the  way 
of  a  building  with  perpendicular  sides  of  the  desired  height.  As  it  often 
happens,  what  had  been  adopted  as  a  matter  of  necessity  proved  to  be  the 
very  style  which  should  have  been  selected,  had  the  choice  of  all  styles  been 
left  free.  It  is  impossible  to  imagine  any  thing  more  imposing  in  its  effect,  more 
capable  of  decoration,  or  more  admirably  adapted  to  the  display  of  articles 
exhibited  in  it,  than  this  Gothic  avenue.  The  very  branches  of  the  trees, 


SCENE  OF  TUB  GREAT  CENTRAL  FAIR  OF  PHILADELPHIA. 


which  with  pious  care  every  effort  was  made  to  preserve,  were  permitted  to 
enter  the  roof  of  the  building,  and  the  effect  was  singularly  novel  and 
picturesque.  The  long  line  of  the  pointed  arch,  thus  festooned  at  its  apex  with 
green  boughs,  hung  lower  down  with  banners  and  trophies  of  every  variety 
of  form  and  color,  as  in  some  great  baronial  hall  of  the  middle  ages ;  and,  at 
its  base  and  along  its  whole  extent,  filled  with  all  the  wonderful  productions 
of  our  industry,  with  a  vast  throng  of  eager,  admiring,  enthusiastic  people 
moving  unceasingly  in  the  midst  of  it  all,  made  up  a  dazzling  picture,  such  as 
no  eye  had  ever  looked  upon  on  the  continent  To  stand  at  one  extremity 
of  this  noble  hall  and  look  through  the  long  vista  formed  by  these  arches, 
when  gilded  with  the  mild  beams  of  the  setting  sun,  or  radiant  at  night 


250  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

with  the  light  reflected  from  countless  objects  of  every  variety  of  form  and 
hue,  was  a  sight  like  that  of  the  illumination  of  St.  Peter's,  the  sight  of  a 
lifetime." 

This  superb  hall  was  lined  on  either  side  with  counters,  while  a  range  of 
tables  occupied  the  centre,  leaving  ample  space  for  purchasers  arid  prome- 
naders.  Here  were  gathered  the  riches  of  the  mechanic,  the  fine  and  the 
ornamental  arts ;  books  and  stationery,  silver-ware,  perfumery,  hollow-ware, 
hardware ;  carpets,  hats,  caps  and  furs,  boots  and  shoes ;  porcelain,  wall-paper, 
millinery,  Swiss  wood- work,  and  India-rubber.  Though  compelled  to  hasten 
on  where  we  should  prefer  to  linger,  time  and  space  must  be  found  to  record 
the  fact  that  the  sewing  women  of  Philadelphia  furnished  a  table  with  gifts 
of  needle- work,  which,  when  turned  into  money,  produced  the  sum  of  $940. 
That  a  class  of  persons  whose  life  is  one  long  struggle  to  keep  the  wolf  from 
their  own  doors,  should  thus  have  aided  in  a  scheme  to  drive  him  from  the 
door  of  the  distant  hospital,  is  an  incident  at  once  touching  and  significant. 

And  now  a  cursory  glance  at  those  features  in  which  this  fair  differed  from 
its  predecessors.  The  pupils  of  the  School  of  Design  for  "Women  exhibited  a 
beautiful  collection  of  the  patterns  which  then  formed  the  staple  designs  in 
many  ornamental  branches  of  industrial  art.  The  Bohemian  glass-blowers 
spun  the  delicate  products  of  their  beautiful  craft,  giving  half  their  receipts  to 
the  fair.  Their  glass  steam-engine,  the  "  Monitor,"  permitting  the  spectator  to 
pry  through  its  transparent  surfaces  into  secrets  of  cylinder  and  piston, 
labored  noiselessly  from  morning  to  night.  The  Cnshman  Album,  bound  in 
green  and  gold,  and  containing  forty-three  sketches  contributed  by  Boston, 
New  York,  and  Philadelphia  artists,  brought  $1,374  into  the  common  fund ; 
the  intention  being  that  the  collection,  after  having  paid  tribute  to  the 
cause,  should  be  presented  to  Miss  Cushman,  in  recognition  of  her  generosity 
to  the  commission.  Hard  by,  a  lithographic  press,  laying  metallic  hands 
upon  a  picture  which  had  already  passed  eight  times  beneath  the  blocks  and 
had  thus  received  the  impress  of  eight  different  colors,  stamped  the  ninth  and 
last  upon  it,  in  view  of  the  spectator. 

The  yacht  "  Fairie,"  a  beautiful  steamer,  fifty-eight  feet  long,  and  able  to 
make  her  twelve  knots  an  hour  easily,  was  presented  to  the  fair  by  two  well- 
known  shipbuilding  firms,  Mr.  Cramp  furnishing  the  hull  and  fittings,  and 
Messrs.  Neafie  &  Levy  providing  the  machinery.  She  would  have  been 
exhibited  in  Union  Avenue  could  she  have  been  conveyed  thither.  She  was 
bought  by  the  government  for  $10,000. 

Near  to  the  spot  where  the  Fairie  was  to  have  been  docked,  was  a  coining 


THE   SMOKER'S   PARADISE.  251 

press,  built  by  the  machinists  of  the  U.  S.  Mint.  Here  the  visitor  could 
purchase  numismatic  mementoes  of  the  fair,  struck  off  before  his  eyes.  In  the 
same  department  a  brick  machine  forged  tiny  one  cent  bricks,  and  hard  by  a 
bullet  moulder  tossed  bullets  out  of  a  hopper  as  fast  as  they  could  be  bought 
for  five  cents  apiece.  The  horse-shoe  forge,  fresh  from  triumphs  in  New  York, 
was  as  ready  here  as  there  to  shoe  the  cavalry  of  Lilliput 

To  the  tobacconists  of  Philadelphia  was  due  that  unique  and  seductive 
retreat,  the  Turkish  Divan  or  Smoker's  Paradise.  Constructed  by  scenic 
artists  and  operatic  carpenters  from  authentic  records,  stocked  with  every  thing 
that  could  be  snuffed,  chewed,  or  smoked,  with  pipes,  meerschaums,  calumets, 
with  leaf  that  had  paid  the  excise  and  cigars  that  had  contributed  to  the  cus- 
toms, with  smoking  caps,  Turkish  slippers,  and  cushions  of  oriental  fashion,  the 
Divan  made  an  enviable  fame  for  itself  and  $9,000  for  the  fair. 

Chicago,  Boston,  Brooklyn,  and  New  York  had  had  their  Hall  of  Arms 
and  Trophies ;  Philadelphia  could  do  no  less.  Two  smoke-stacks  of  monitors 
engaged  in  the  attack  on  Charleston  flanked  the  entrance,  and  within  was 
the  usual  interesting  but  indescribable  collection  of  flags,  cannon,  swords, 
spears,  canister,  grape-shot,  pistols,  claymores.  A  ten-inch  bolt  thrown  from 
Battery  Gregg,  and  plucked  from  the  uninjured  deck  of  the  New  Ironsides ; 
rebel  bayonets  from  Missionaiy  Eidge ;  a  bowie-knife  wrested  from  one  of 
Forrest's  troopers ;  a  Chinese  match-lock  ;  an  Albanian  pistol ;  John  Brown's 
spear ;  a  French  canteen  from  Waterloo,  formed  an  incongruous  but  suggestive 
group.  The  lock  of  a  musket  from  Shiloh  was  made  to  tell  of  the  death  of  the 
rebel  General  Johnston,  thus  : 

"  This  is  the  lock 
That  cracked  the  cap 
That  fired  the  gun 
That  carried  the  ball 
That  caused  the  fall 
Of  Albert  Sidney  Johnston." 

There  were  relics  from  the  field  of  Gettysburg,  canes,  picture-frames,  bas- 
kets of  ferns  and  leaves;  the  battle-flag  of  General  Kearney's  Division;  silver 
urns  presented  by  citizens  of  Philadelphia  to  Decatur;  naval  flags  in  abund- 
ance, mostly  trophies  of  1812  ;  the  model  of  a  frigate,  made  from  a  fragment 
of  the  maintopmast  of  the  Cumberland,  and  offered  at  $300;  a  plaster  model  of 
the  great  Rodman  twenty-inch  gun,  and  a  model  of  the  Swamp  Angel,  made 
by  soldiers  who  had  helped  to  mount  the  original  angel  in  the  original  swamp. 
The  gun  was  a  perfect  copy  of  its  prototype ;  the  five  hundred  bags  filled  with 


252  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

Morris  Island  sand  that  protected  the  one,  protected  the  other  in  miniature, 
and  South  Carolina  soil  surrounded  them  both. 

The  Horticultural  Department  of  the  Philadelphia  Fair  was  one  of  those 
overwhelming  triumphs  of  taste  and  creative  skill  which  have  made  the  Quaker 
City  mart  so  pre-eminent.  It  was  certainly  the  grandest  floral  display  ever 
witnessed  in  America,  and  for  a  finer  you  must  visit  either  Paris,  Persia,  or 
Paradise.  "  Our  Daily  Fare"  thus  struggled  with  the  subject :  "  Fancy  a  rotunda 
one  hundred  and  ninety  feet  in  diameter,  filled  with  rare  plants  and  flowers 
arranged  in  a  succession  of  circles  through  which  visitors  pass  and  repass, 
drinking  in  the  fragrance  of  the  orange-tree  and  the  palm,  the  banana  and  the 
magnolia.  In  the  lake,  in  the  centre  of  this  fairy  palace,  is  an  island,  with  its 
fountain  of  hundreds  of  jets  brilliantly  illuminated  at  night  by  a  thousand 
burners,  and  thus,  intermingled  with  all  that  is  sweet  and  beautiful  in  the 
floral  realms,  comes  the  soft  music  of  the  band  hid  from  sight  by  the  dense 
foliage  of  the  island. 

"  The  fountain  is  worthy  of  its  surroundings.  Around  the  base  of  a  vast 
pyramid  of  exotic  plants  flows  the  crystal  brook,  bordered  with  grassy  banks, 
and  bearing  on  its  bosom  lovely  water  blossoms  and  the  broad  green  leaves  of 
the  Yictoria  Kegia,  while  from  its  depths  burst  forth  at  intervals  delicate 
fountains  of  quaint  and  various  designs.  From  the  summit  of  the  pyramid 
of  plants  there  falls  on  every  side  a  dome-like  sheet  of  water,  covering  the 
whole  as  if  with  a  great  bell-glass.  On  the  outside  of  this  and  below  the  circle 
of  water  jets  is  a  circle  of  fire,  a  jet  of  flame  for  every  one  of  water.  The  effect 
of  this  arrangement  of  fire  and  water  is  indescribable.  The  thousand  fantastic 
colors  sent  forth  must  be  seen,  and  when  seen  will  never  be  forgotten.  Every 
drop  of  water  becomes  a  jewel." 

Among  the  individual  specimens  which  contributed  to  form  this  maze  of 
verdure  were  a  date-palm,  overtopping  the  rest,  a  dragon-tree,  a  camphor-tree ; 
two  bananas  in  full  fruit,  Australian  tree  ferns,  pitcher  plants,  lace  plants,  ze- 
bra plants,  rhododendrons  and  pomegranates;  an  India- rubber  tree,  a  Norfolk 
Island  pine,  a  Brownii  grandiceps;  there  were  hanging  baskets  filled  with 
orchids ;  there  were  festoons  of  evergreens,  and  columns  twined  about  with 
boughs  of  pine,  laurel  and  hemlock  that  lately  waved  upon  the  Alleghanies. 

As  for  the  smaller  plants  and  flowers,  the  fuschias,  the  caladiums,  the  ivies, 
the  acacias ;  as  for  the  cinnamon-trees  and  the  sugar-cane,  the  Japan  cedars 
and  the  hydrangeas,  the  butterfly  orchids  and  the  bee-hives  ;  as  for  the  colors 
which  put  the  rainbow  to  the  blush,  and  were  handsomer  even  .then ;  as  for 
the  odors  which,  had  they  blown  from  Araby,  would  have  been  scentless  in 


THE   FRIGID  AND  THE   TORRID  ZONE. 


253 


comparison ;  as  for  the  air,  which  was  faint  and  heavy — as  for  all  these  things, 
description  is  idle,  till  the  sun  not  only  takes  photographs,  but  colors  them, 
till  the  chromo-lithographer  shall  supersede  the  penman,  or,  at  least,  till 
printers'  ink  smells  more  of  violets  and  lilies  than  it  does  now. 


MAKING    BOUQUETS   FOE  THE  FAIR. 


The  Flower  Market,  where  cut  flowers  and  bouquets  were  dispensed,  may, 
however,  be  safely  treated  of.  Of  these  there  were  none  too  many,  though 
the  gardens  of  Chestnut  Hill  and  Germantown,  the  cemeteries  of  Glenwood 
and  Laurel  Hill,  were  rifled  every  morning.  Those  who  were  too  late  for  real 
flowers  could  have  wax  ones  instead ;  those  who  would  take  neither  might 
have  strawberries  and  cream.  He  who  wanted  no  flowers  to-day,  but  was  to 
marry  a  daughter  next  month,  might  buy  a  nurseryman's  order  for  the  amount 
he  required,  and  thus  pay  the  fair  in  June  for  the  flowers  Mr.  Bright  or  Mr. 
Otto  was  to  furnish  him  in  July.  Then  there  were  evergreens  by  the  cart- 
load ;  gas-jets  that  every  one  took  for  water-lilies ;  an  aquarium  containing 
earth,  air,  fire,  and  water ;  and,  to  finish  with  horticulture,  a  Frigid  and  a 
Torrid  Zone,  Each  zone  had  a  room  to  itself. 

"Within  the  Arctic  Circle,  this  is  what  was  seen  :  a  ship  fast  locked  in  ice  ; 
vegetation,  stunted  but  hardy,  offering  a  modest  though  insufficient  meal  to 
the  browsing  reindeer ;  a  few  blasted  pines  ;  icebergs  enough  to  cool  the 
tropics,  and  to  appal  the  forestallers  of  Rockland  Lake,  lest  these  huge  cakes 
be  thrown  upon  the  market,  bringing  prices  down  upon  the  slide.  The  very 


254  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

light  was  cold  and  pale  and  blue.  So  potent  was  the  illusion  that  it  was  not 
easy  to  recover  from  it ;  to  return  to  the  temperate  geniality  of  a  Philadelphia 
June  was  not  enough ;  a  visit  to  the  antipodes,  a  flight  to  the  other  extreme, 
was  indispensable.  To  meet  this  necessity,  the  Torrid  Zone  was  simulated  in 
another  room  hard  by.  Here  the  vegetation  was  of  a  nature  to  give  a  rein- 
deer a  surfeit — it  was  dark,  dense,  gloomy,  creeping,  impenetrable.  There 
were  monkeys  there,  and  macaws ;  parrots,  cranes,  and  pendent  mosses.  No 
sky  was  visible,  and  the  whole  aspect  of  the  scene  suggested  the  coming 
cyclone.  It  was  a  relief  to  escape,  even  if  we  returned  again  to  the  neighbor- 
ing Nova  Zembla.  Both  these  tableaux  were  perfect  in  conception  and  exe- 
cution, and  were  frequently  mentioned  as  being  "  alone  worth  the  price  of 
admission." 

Of  the  Restaurant  little  need  be  said,  except  that,  being  conducted  on  the 
Philadelphian  principles  that  secured  the  success  of  so  many  other  depart- 
ments, it  was  likewise  a  brilliant  triumph,  whether  considered  socially,  gastro- 
nomically,  or  financially.  Nine  thousand  persons  were  entertained  daily ; 
four  hundred  ladies  and  gentlemen  gave  their  services  gratuitously,  and  three 
hundred  and  seventeen  persons  were  employed,  at  wages,  in  various  capacities. 
The  receipts  were  very  large,  but  the  expenses  were  proportionately  so,  leav- 
ing a  profit  of  nearly  $23,000.  The  "  Pennsylvania  Kitchen"  was  a  depend- 
ency of  the  Restaurant,  and  was  instituted  in  order  to  present  a  picture  of 
domestic  Dutch  life  in  the  interior  of  the  state  at  the  period  of  its  settle- 
ment 

A  mammoth  chimney-piece  occupied  nearly  one  side  of  the  room  ;  arranged 
in  a  semicircle  over  it  was  a  combination  of  dried  apples,  forming  words  which 
conveyed  a  compliment  to  General  Grant.  Muskets  with  a  historic  record, 
pots  and  kettles  old  enough  to  have  called  each  other  black  at  the  time  of 
Braddock's  defeat,  spinning-wheels  with  an  amazing  memory,  the  desk  at 
which  Franklin  wrote,  the  chair  in  which  Franklin  sat,  blue  mugs,  brass 
lamps,  a  pestle  and  mortar  that  had  pounded  two  centuries  to  dust,  calabashes, 
bladders,  a  copper  kettle  that  boiled  coffee  for  the  Continentals — with  these 
and  other  antiques  like  them,  a  very  respectable  kitchen  of  the  olden  day  was 
duly  furnished  forth.  Of  course,  the  viands  were  of  a  nature,  in  .their  essence 
and  in  their  preparation,  fully  to  correspond.  No  one  would  have  called  here 
for  croquettes  de  riz  or  the  Verzenay  of  Mumm  ;  but  a  courteous  request  for 
noodle  soup  or  flannel  cakes  would  have  been  instantly  complied  with.  The 
bill  of  fare  included  also  those  favorite  dishes,  summer- wurst,  dampf-knauf, 
pfeffer-kuchen,  and  zucker-pretzels.  Of  this  interesting  resort  one  of  the 


THE   TOST  OFFICE. 


255 


gazettes  of  the  day  observed :  "  It  is  a  great  feature  of  the  fair,  and  suggests  a 
feeling  of  home."  Doubtless  to  the  early  Dutchman  it  did,  but  it  may  well  be 
doubted  whether  it  would  have  revived  similar  memories  in  the  Neapolitan, 
the  Welshman,  or  the  Dane. 

The  Central  Fair  Post  Office  was  established  to  correct  certain  evils  con- 
nected with  the  ordinary  post  offices  of  the  country.  "  There  is  nothing  more 
unjust,"  said  Our  Daily  Fare,  "  than  the  favoritism  that  is  usually  exercised 


SANITARY  FAIR   POST  OFFICE. 


at  these  places.  In  despotic  countries  it  may  do  very  well  to  make  arbitrary 
distinctions  among  individuals ;  but  it  is  certainly  intolerable  in  a  republic  that 
one  man  should  receive  a  letter  when  he  asks  for  it  and  another  should  be 
refused.  It  seems  not  to  arise  from  prejudice  against  individuals,  but  to  be 
the  result  of  mere  caprice.  We  ourselves  have  often  been  told  there  were  no 
letters  for  us,  when  we  were  really  anxious  to  receive  one  ;  and,  at  other  times, 
oftenest  on  the  first  day  of  January  and  July,  we  have  received  quantities  of 
wretched  epistles,  in  those  horrid  yellow  envelopes,  which  we  felt  not  the 
slightest  desire  for. 


256 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


"  In  the  Fair  Post  Office  these  evils  have  been  remedied.  The  Executive 
Committee  have  requested  that  all  their  visitors  be  treated  alike,  and  that 
every  one  who  asks  for  a  letter  at  the  post  office  receive  one.  To  obtain  a 
letter,  therefore,  it  is  only  necessary  to  pay  for  it  We  trust  that  this  great 
reform  will  meet,  as  it  deserves,  the  favor  of  every  one." 

It  was  not  likely  that  the  idea  furnished  to  the  Metropolitan  Fair  by 
Messrs.  Tiffany  &  Co.,  of  New  York,  and  turned  to  such  good  use  there, 
would  not  be  put  to  profit  in  Philadelphia.  The  very  best  use  was  made  of 
it  Messrs.  Bailey  &  Co.  gave,  as  their  contribution,  a  military  vase,  of  solid 

silver,  three  feet  and  five  inches  in 
height,  its  value  being  $5,000.  On 
the  base,  made  of  Vermont  marble, 
were  three  concave  panels,  repre- 
senting the  arms  of  the  United 
States,  those  of  Philadelphia,  and  the 
American  Eagle  strangling  a  serpent. 
Under  the  canopy  was  the  figure  of 
Liberty,  and  supporting  the  canopy 
were  three  pillars,  being  groupings 
illustrative  of  arms  and  trophies  of 
ancient  times,  of  the  middle  ages,  and 
of  the  present  day.  At  the  point 
where  the  pillars  touched  the  vase 
were  winged  figures,  representing 
Fame,  History,  and  Peace.  The  vase 
itself  was  enriched  by  clusters  of 
grapes  and  running  vines. 

An  improvement  upon  the  idea  as 
it  came  from  New  York,  was  the 
rule  that  the  first  proposer  of  a  can- 
didate should  pay  $20  for  the  privi- 
lege ;  as  there  were  twenty-two  nom- 
inations, the  improvement  was  a 
productive  one.  Towards  the  end  of 
the  contest,  the  competition  lay  between  two  of  the  candidates  only,  Edwin 
G.  James,  President  of  the  Corn  Exchange,  and  the  Union  League.  Mr. 
James  finally  won  by  four  thousand  nine  hundred  and  forty-eight  votes 
against  four  thousand  and  three.  The  result  of  the  canvass  was  $10,457. 


MILITARY  VASE,  THE  GIFT  OF  MESSES.   BAILEY  *  CO. 


UNIVERSAL  SUFFRAGE.  257 

A  camp-chest,  presented  by  Good  Intent  Hose  Company,  No.  2,  containing 
glass  and  silver-ware  for  field  service,  and  valued  at  $300,  was  disposed  of  in 
the  same  way.  The  vote  at  the  close  stood  thus : 

General  Birney 308         General  McClellan 10 

General  Meade 103         General  Howard 9 

General  Gibbons 28        Scattering 10 

General  Grant 16 

Total 484 

A  sword,  presented  by  Messrs.  Evans  &  Hassall,  and  valued  at  $2,000,  was 
also  disposed  of  by  the  system  which  in  certain  quarters  is  stigmatized  as  the 
tyranny  of  the  majority.  The  will  of  the  people,  as  expressed  by  the  divine 
right  of  suffrage,  was  thus  declared : 

General  Meade 3,442         General  Grant 177 

General  Hancock 1,506         Scattering 119 

General  McClellan 297 

Total 5,541 

The  destination  of  a  silver  horn,  presented  by  the  America  Hose  Com- 
pany, No.  17,  was  decided  in  the  same  manner;  being  evidently  the  badge  of 
a  fireman,  and  not  of  a  general,  none  but  engine,  hook  and  ladder,  and  hose 
companies  were  eligible.  The  price  of  a  vote  was  twenty-five  cents,  and  some 
twenty-eight  thousand  were  cast,  thus  divided  : 

Good  Will  Engine 12,732         United  States  Engine 159 

Fairmount  Engine 9,941         South wark  Hose 105 

Phrcnix  Hose 1,688         South  Penn  Hose 101 

Pennsylvania  Hose 1,414        Scattering 542 

Philadelphia  Engine 945 

Diligent  Engine 219            Total 27,846 

The  model  house,  a  miniature,  but  as  perfect  in  every  detail  as  miniatures 
are  or  should  be,  with  a  marble  chimney-piece  upon  which  an  able-bodied  man 
had  bestowed  three  days'  labor,  a  mansion  of  three  stories,  each  room  complete 
with  its  appropriate  furniture,  with  a  book-case  stocked  with  diamond  editions, 
and  a  gallery  of  paintings  three  inches  by  five — this  desirable  residence,  in 
every  way  fit  for  the  queen  of  dolls,  was  valued  at  $1,000,  and  sold  for  $2,300. 
Another  model  house,  possessing,  in  addition  to  similar  attractions,  gas  fix- 
tures, and  such  ingenious  contrivances  of  the  plumber's  art  as  would  enable 
the  tenant  to  illuminate  by  night,  was  purchased  for  $800. 

The  Department  of  Public  and  Private  Schools  worthily  sustained  the 
general  credit  of  the  fair.  Fourteen  hundred  teachers  and  seventy-two 

17 


258  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

thousand  pupils  labored  together  for  months,  plying  the  needle,  circulating  the 
subscription  book,  rehearsing  operas,  concerts,  readings,  tableaux  ;  giving  tea- 
parties  and  festivals,  and  even  exhibiting  the  oxycalcium  phantasmagoria  ! 
The  pin-cushions  were  literally  brought  to  the  fair  by  the  cart-load,  and  the 
unsanguine  predicted  that  they  would  go  thence  in  the  same  way  ;  but  not  a 
housewife  was  sacrificed  to  the  Moloch  of  Wholesale  Price ;  not  a  pin-cushion 
but  brought  in  its  full  retail  quota ;  and  when  the  proceeds  of  the  needle,  the 
subscription  book,  and  the  exhibition  room  were  rolled  into  a  lump,  its  sym- 
bol upon  paper  was  no  other  than  this  :  $40,000. 

The  Children's  Department  commenced  operations  a  month  before  the 
fair  by  giving  a  May  ball.  This  was  to  start  the  enthusiasm  and  enlist  the 
sympathies  of  that  portion  of  the  population  which,  though  not  yet  in  its 
teens,  still  has  money  to  spend,  and  is  inclined  to  spend  it  freely.  The  ball 
was  followed  by  a  concert,  and,  in  June,  the  department  had  its  own  allotted 
space.  Here  was  Signer  Blitz,  the  sprightly,  the  sempiternal ;  here  was  the 
Old  Lady  that  lived  in  a  Shoe  ;  here  was  Ethel  Newcome,  a  doll  so  perfect 
in  demeanor  and  so  gorgeous  in  wardrobe  that  she  was  sold  twice,  and  the 
money  was  not  refunded  once ;  here  was  the  Soldiers'  Home,  with  an  inge- 
nious flue  in  the  chimney  for  the  passage  of  the  specie  currency  of  the 
realm ;  here  was  the  Skating  Pond,  the  Fancy  Ball ;  in  short,  here  was  the 
spot  where  some  $15,000  were,  in  various  pleasant  ways,  swept  from  the  table 
into  the  crumb-basket 

The  Art  Gallery  was  a  building  upon  the  north  side  of  Logan  Square, 
covering  the  entire  length  of  the  grand  walk  at  that  point ;  it  was  five 
hundred  feet  long,  twenty-six  feet  wide,  and  fifteen  feet  high.  The  rich  collec- 
tions of  Philadelphia  furnished,  of  course,  the  bulk  of  the  treasures  exhibited 
upon  its  walls;  but  New  York,  Boston,  Washington,  Baltimore,  and  Chicago 
sent  specimens  of  their  possessions  also.  Several  of  the  private  galleries,  con- 
tributions from  which  were  declined  for  want  of  room,  were  exhibited  sepa- 
rately. A  casket  of  oil  and  water  sketches,  presented  by  the  artists  of  New 
York,  another  of  fifty  sketches,  contributed  by  the  Artists'  Fund  Society  of 
Philadelphia,  were  disposed  of  by  lot  for  about  $3,000.  The  New  York 
casket  went  to  Baltimore  ;  the  Philadelphian  remained  at  home. 

The  number  of  pictures  and  other  works  of  art  exhibited  was  about  fifteen 
hundred;  the  visitors  were  estimated  at  nearly  two  hundred  and  twenty 
thousand,  and  the  net  proceeds  of  the  gallery  were  over  $33,000,  with  some 
$5,000  worth  of  articles  left  unsold  at  the  close  of  the  fair.  The  report  of  the 
Committee  on  Fine  Arts  speaks  as  follows  of  the  beauty  and  merit  of  the 


tntcrtaimntnt. 


P  110  Gil  AM  ME. 

PART    I. 

The  Star-Spangled  Banner    .        .  CHORDS. 

Stump  Speech      ....  MASTER  GUILDS. 

Song. — The  Vacant  Chair       .        .  Miss  LENOX. 

Street  Argument.        .        .       .  Font  BOYS. 

Viva  I1  America        ....  CHARLES  BKOWNK 

The  Last  Ditch     .        .  .  Miss  K.MEUSOX. 

Comic  Song MASTER  BURNS. 

Johnny  Schmoker,  or,  The  Pilly- 

willywinck  Band  .  EIGHT  BOYS. 


PAKT   II. 

Rally  Round  the  Flag,  Boys. 

Kobin  Ruff 

The  Folks  that  put  on  Airs 

The  State  of   the   C< 
enacted  by 

The  Red,  White,  and  Blue 

Gymnastics,  with  Piano  accompa- 
niment   .  ... 

Marching  Along        . 

We're  a  Million  in  the  Field 

Hail  Columbia 


CHOP.  us. 

|  MASTERS  DEXTE 
\  &,  CUNNINGHA.V. 

MlSS    BRKWKK. 


Jountry,  Scene  j  MASTERS  BOND. 
•<  CURTIS.  WEI.I.S 
(  &  GRKEX. 


CHORUS. 

FIFTEEJT  BOYS. 

CHORUS. 

QUARTETTE. 

CHORUS. 


LABOR,   INCOME,   AND  REVENUE.  259 

collection :  "  The  best  American  and  the  best  foreign  schools  were  ably  repre- 
sented in  many  of  their  most  attractive  works,  and  it  is  believed  that,  in 
respect  to  modern  pictures,  this  gallery  in  real  merit  compared  favorably  with 
the  best  collection  ever  exhibited  in  Europe.  The  size  of  the  gallery  was  far 
beyond  any  thing  ever  yet  attempted  in  America,  and  although  wanting  the 
fretted  ceilings  and  architectural  proportions  of  the  time-honored  galleries  of 
Europe,  its  rich  contents  so  occupied  the  eye  that  what  was  not  beautiful  was 
not  seen.  The  pageant,  which  rose  like  an  exhalation,  as,  in  happy  quotation 
from  Milton,  was  said  of  it  by  a  distinguished  orator  and  statesman,  charmed 
and  delighted,  time  and  time  again,  the  ever-teeming  crowd  thronging  the 
gallery  during  the  three  short  weeks  of  the  exhibition.  How  often,  when  the 
time  of  closing  drew  near,  was  the  remark  heard,  '  Must  this  thing  of  beauty 
be  dispersed,  and  no  more  seen  ?  Can  it  not  remain,  to  be  a  joy  forever?'  " 

Three  committees  had  already  obtained  large  sums  of  money  before  the 
opening  of  the  fair — that  of  Benefits  and  Exhibitions,  that  of  Orations  and 
Lectures,  and  that  of  Musical  Entertainments.  The  period  during  which  these 
methods  of  adding  to  the  fund  were  prosecuted  with  success  was  not  far  from 
two  months.  Balls  and  concerts,  some  public  and  some  private,  amateur  the- 
atricals, readings  and  orations,  were  given  nightly,  not  only  in  Philadelphia, 
but  in  almost  every  populous  town  of  Pennsylvania,  New  Jersey,  and  Dela- 
ware. The  Shakspearean  Tercentenary,  which  in  New  York  was  tributary  to 
the  Statue  Fund,  went  in  Philadelphia  with  the  hop  of  the  Gray  Eeserves,  the 
readings  of  Grace  Greenwood,  and  the  recitations  of  Professor  Murdoch.  The 
sums  realized  by  the  three  committees  amounted  in  the  aggregate  to  about 
$24,000. 

Thus  far  we  have  referred  only  to  the  labors  of  those  committees  who  re- 
turned something  for  the  money  they  received — a  pin-cushion,  a  vote,  a  seat,  a 
sight.  We  have  said  nothing  of  the  two  committees  whose  province  it  was  to 
obtain  subscriptions,  contributions  in  money.  The  Committee  on  Finance  and 
Donations,  and  the  Committee  on  Labor,  Income,  and  Kevenue,  assumed  this 
duty,  and  the  ingenuity  and  success  of  the  latter  were  as  remarkable  as  any 
thing  in  the  history  of  the  fair.  The  collection  of  $70,000  from  the  gentlemen 
of  the  Exchange,  the  Board,  and  the  Street,  by  the  Committee  on  Finance, 
was  creditable  enough,  but  the  competing  committee  beat  this  flattering  result 
four  times  over.  ''This  was  originally  designed,"  says  Mr.  Stille,  uas  a  sort 
of  drag-net,  a  species  of  omnium  gatherum,  by  means  of  which  the  gleanings 
in  fields  which  had  escaped  the  vigilant  explorations  of  other  committees 
should  be  gathered  in.  The  plan  was  to  secure  from  each  member  of  the 


260  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

community,  no  matter  how  lofty  or  humble  his  position,  the  value  of  one  day's 
labor,  one  day's  income."  After  a  thorough  organization,  and  the  appointment 
of  sub-committees  for  every  legislative  district  in  Pennsylvania,  the  officers  of 
the  department  set  off  upon  a  tour  through  the  state. 

"Wherever  the  local  mind  appeared  to  be  in  the  proper  mood,  and  required 
no  preliminary  manipulation,  operations  were  immediately  begun.  From  six 
to  twelve  manufactories  were  sometimes  visited  in  a  day ;  the  works  were 
stopped,  the  hands  collected,  the  matter  was  explained,  and  one  day's  labor 
asked.  It  was  so  seldom,  that  we  may  as  well  say  never,  refused.  Sometimes 
the  employer,  adding  together  the  contributions  of  his  men,  gave  as  much 
more  himself,  and  in  one  instance  gave  it  twice  over.  In  Catawissa,  the  young 
men  were  invited  to  declare  by  vote  who  was  the  handsomest  and  best  young 
lady  of  the  place,  on  condition  that  each  inclosed  in  his  vote  the  value  of  "one 
day's  income,  one  day's  labor."  Miss  Hattie  S.  Reifsnyder  was  returned  by  a 
large  majority,  having  received  three  hundred  and  twenty  votes,  more  than  all 
the  other  Catawissans  put  together.  The  City  Passenger  Railway  Companies, 
by  a  vote  of  the  Board  of  Presidents,  generally  appropriated  one  day's  reve- 
nue, while  the  steam  railroads,  not  knowing,  and  apparently  unwilling  to  know, 
what  a  day's  income  was,  took  a  magnificent  view  of  it,  estimated  high,  and 
subscribed  their  thousands,  some  five,  some  ten.  So  that  when  the  sub-com- 
mittee on  coal  reported  their  collections  at  $67,000,  and  the  various  hauls  of 
the  drag-net  were  accumulated  in  one  huge  pile,  and  it  became  necessary  to 
name  that  pile,  the  name  selected  was  Two  Hundred  and  Forty-seven  Thou- 
sand Dollars.  The  man  who  had  a  hundred  thousand  pounds  and  whose 
patronymic  was  Plum,  was  not  more  happily  named;  nor  was  the  heiress 
whose  initials  were  L.  S.  D.  • 

New  Jersey,  affecting  to  be  dissatisfied  with  her  contribution  to  the  Metro- 
politan Fair — no  less  a  sum  than  $38,000— had  determined  to  help  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  did  so ;  and,  when  the  accounts  were  made  up,  Pennsylvania  was 
$17,000  better  off  than  she  would  otherwise  have  been.  Delaware,  too,  which 
had  thus  far  had  no  opportunity,  now  felt  that  her  time  had  come,  and  the. 
Blue  Hen  laid  the  very  ponderous  nest-egg  of  $32,000. 

"  Our  Daily  Fare  "  was  the — we  should  have  said  organ  of  the  fair,  were 
it  not  then  necessary  to  follow  out  the  figure  by  adding,  either  that  it  was 
"ground"  by  Mr.  Childs,  "played  upon  "  by  Mr.  Leland,  or  "blown"  by  Mr. 
Boker.  These  gentlemen  did  no  such  thing:  they  edited  and  published, 
with  the  assistance  of  an  editorial  committee  of  ladies  and  gentlemen,  twelve 
numbers  of  a  very  spirited  daily,  which  yielded  a  net  result  of  $5.600.  From 


SOME   OF  THE   RESULTS   OF  THE  FAIR. 


261 


its  columns  the  reader  may  learn  many  thousand  facts  and  gather  perhaps  as 
many  graceful  thoughts. 

The  Great  Central  Fair  came  to  an  end  on  Tuesday,  the  28th  of  June, 
with  addresses  of  congratulation,  with  cheers  for  the  chairmen  of  certain 
well-worked  and  well-delivered  committees,  with  the  singing  of  the  national 
anthem,  with  a  prayer  of  thanksgiving  by  the  bishop  of  the  diocese,  and 
the  chanting  of  the  doxology  by  the  multitude.  A  few  days  more  and  the 
grass  was  growing  again  in  Logan  Square,  the  grand  old  trees  might  drop 
their  rejected  leaves  upon  the  ground  beneath,  and  nothing  remained  of  the 
great  temple  of  beneficence  but  its  memory,  its  associations,  and  the  very  fine 
bank-account  opened  in  its  name. 

Of  the  dimensions  of  this  account  some  idea  may  be  obtained  from  the  fol- 
lowing tables,  embodying  the  reports  of  a  portion  of  the  committees,  item  by 
item,  and  giving  the  aggregate  of  all  : 


COMMITTEE    ON    PRODUCE,  PROVISIONS,   AND  SHIPPING. 


Chairman,  ALEX 


Henry  Winsor  &  Co $1,000  00 

Edmund  A.  Souder  &  Co 1,000  00 

Jacob  T.  Alburger  &  Co 1,000  00 

Edwin  G.  James 1,000  00 

Alex.  G.  Cattell  &  Co 1,000  00 

Peter  Wright  &  Sons 1,000  00 

Thomas  Clyde 1,000  00 

Thomas  Wattson  &  Co 1,000  00 

Ocean  Steam  Navigation  Company  1,000  00 
A.  F.  &  R.  Maxwell,  Liverpool, 

England 1,000  00 

Wilmon  Whilldm 500  00 

William  J.  Taylor  &  Co 500  00 

John  Mason  &  Co 500  00 

John  McCall  &  Co.,  Glasgow 300  00 


.  G.  CATTELL. 

William  M.  Baird  .............. 

Humphreys  &  Hoffman  ......... 

William  8.  Smith  &  Co  .......... 

Corn  Exchange  Bank  ........... 

J.  II.  Michener&  Co  ............. 

Baltimore  &  Philadelphia  Steam- 
boat Company,  per  A.  Groves, 
Jr.,  Agent  ................... 

Michener  &  Morris  ............. 

McCutcheon  &  Collins  .......... 

H.  Craig  &  Co  ................. 

Charles  H.  Cummings  ......... 

D.  S.  Stetson  &  Co  .............. 

J.  E.  Bazley  &  Co  ............... 

Baker  &  Folsom  ............... 

Bishop,  Son  &  Co  ............... 

A.  Heron,  Jr  ................... 

S.  S.  Bishop  ................... 

Wm.  Taylor  &  Co  ............... 

John  Bowers  .................. 

Jas.  P.  Perot  &  Brother  ......... 

John  Derbyshire  ............... 

Elias  A.  Hunsicker  ............. 

George  Keck  .................. 

Freed,  Ward  &  Freed  ........... 

Peacock,  Zell  &  Hinchman  ...... 

Buzby  &  Co  ................... 

D.  W.  Herstine  ................ 

Shipper  &  Detwiler  ........... 


$300  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 


250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 


262 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Allman  &  Wcnger $100  00 

Riddell  &  Leech 100  00 

Malone&  Co 100  00 

Alexander  Nesbit 100  00 

G.  W.  Bernadou  &  Brother 100  00 

Detwiler  &  Hartranft 100  00 

Josiah  Bryan  &  Co 100  00 

M.  S.  Myers 100  00 

D.  B.  Kershow  &  Co 100  00 

J.  S.  &  E.  L.  Perot 100  00 

J.  A.  Dougherty  &  Sons 100  00 

Budd  &  Comly 100  00 

Commonwealth  Bank 100  00 

H.  W.  Catherwood 100  00 

S.  L.  Witmer 100  00 

Chesebrough  &  Pearson 100  00 

James  L.  Bewley  &  Co 100  00 

Brooke  &  Pugh 100  00 

Rowland  &  Ervien 100  00 

Thomas  Smith 100  00 

Sharpless,  Siter  &  Co 100  00 

Win.  Brice  &  Co 100  00 

James  Steel  &  Co 100  00 

John  T.  Bailey  &  Co 100  00 

Total  net.. 


John  R.  Penrose $100  00 

S.  S.  Williamson  &  Co 100  00 

S.  J.  Christian..  100  00 


Adam  Warthman. . . 

Landis  &  Stone 

James  C.  Prichett 

Levi  Knowles 

George  Cookman 

Brown  &  James 

Jos.  F.  Baker 

Capt.  Jos.  Baker 

Asahel  Troth  &  Co. . . 
L.  G.  Mytinger  &  Co. . 
P.  B.  Mingle  &  Co. . . . 
James  Allderdice 

J.  M.  Smith  &  Co 

B.  B.  Craycroft  &  Co. , 

Z.  Locke  &  Co 

Geo.  C.  Napheys 

Tenbrook  &  Brother. 

H.  J.  Adams  &  Co 

K  H.  Graham  &  Co. . 


100  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

Other  subscriptions 7,874  00 


.$28,374  00 


COMMITTEE    OX    WHOLESALE    DEY    GOODS. 

Chairman,  DAVID  S.  BROWX. 

Harris,  Shortridge  &  Co $1,000  00 

Fales,  Wharton  &  Co 1,000  00 

Thos.  W.  Evans  &  Co 1,000  00 

Tredick,  Stokes  &  Co 1,000  00 

Frothingham  &  Wells 1,000  00 

James,  Kent,  Santee  &  Co 1,000  00 

Edmund  Yard  &  Co 1,000  00 

J.  C.  Howe  &  Co 1,000  00 

Farnham,  Kirkham  &  Co 1,000  00 

Johnes,  Berry  &  Co 1,000  00 

Lewis,  Boardman  &  Wharton.. .  1,000  00 

Coffin  &  Altemus 1,000  00 

Whitney  &  Lawrence 1,000  00 

Smith,  Williams  &  Co 1,000  00 

Furness,  Brinley  &  Co 1,000  00 


John  B.  Myers  &  Co $1,500  00 

Stacy  B.  Barcroft 1,000  00 

David  S.  Brown 1,000  00 

Riegel,  Wiest  &  Ervin 1,000  00 

D.  D.  Cummins 1,000  00 

R.  Wood,  Marsh  &  Hay  wood. .  .  1,000  00 

William  S.  Stewart 1,000  00 


Pemberton  S.  Hutcbinson 

Bush  &  Kurtz 

John  B.  Ellison,  Sons  &  Co...  . 

Garretson,  Brady  &  Co 

Meigs  &  Brothers 

J.  H.  &  W.  Creighton 

George  F.  Peabody 

Wilrner,  Cannell  &  Co , 


500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 


COMMITTEE  KETURNS. 


263 


Lewis  &  Co $500  00 

Sharp,  Haines  &  Co 500  00 

Conrad  &  Serrill 500  00 

Jones,  Warner  &  Co 500  00 

Brooks  &  Brother 500  00 

Geo  B.  Eeese,  Son  &  Co 500  00 

De  Coursey,  Lafourcade  &  Co. .  500  00 

Hay&  McDevitt 500  00 

Altemus  &  Cozens 500  00 

J.  K.  &  J.  Price 500  00 

Riegel  &  Brother 400  00 

Blackston  Manufacturing  Co., 

per  Goddard  Brothers,  agents  400  00 
Lonsdale  Co.,  per  Goddard  Bros., 

agents 400  00 

Mellor,  Bains  &  Mellor 300  00 

Wm.  D.  Jones  &  Co 250  00 

Leonard  &  Baker 250  00 

Charles  L.  Sharpless 250  00 

Wm.  T.  II.  Duncan 250  00 

H.  N.  Burroughs 250  00 

Samuel  S.  Scott 250  00 

T.  &  F.Evans 250  00 

Hood,  Bombright  &  Co 250  00 

R.  Pollock  &  Co 250  00 

J.  T.  Way 250  00 

Heilman  &  Rank 250  00 

Wicht  &  Lankenau 250  00 

Hope  Co.,  per  Goddard  Brothers, 

agents 200  00 

C.  B.  Mount 200  00 

W.  H.  Brown 200  00 

William  Baird 200  00 

Fries  &  Lehman 150  00 

John  Clendening  and  family.  .  .  115  00 

Ellis  &  Harrop 100  00 

Total  net.. 


Morris,  Clothier  &  Lewis 

Riddle,  Gill  &  Co 

I.  Binswanger  &  Co 

Ross,  Shott  &  Co 

J.  S.  Young  &  Altemus 

Werner,  Itschner  &  Co 

Ridgway,  Heussner  &  Co 

Temple  &  Co 

John  Tatum 

Thomas  R.  Tunis 

John  Farnum 

Alex.  Wray  &  Co 

Little,  Stokes  &  Co 

Wray  &  Gillilan 

J.  C.  Fryer 

John  H.  Wilson 

Pancoast,  Warnock  &  Co 

S.  T.  Auge  &  Co 

Dough  ten,  Renshaw  &  Wilkins. 

Pollock  &  Casselberry 

Gemmill  &  Cresswells 

Dale,  Rose  &  Co 

Wise,  Pusey  &  Co 

D.  K.  Grim 

James  Long 

Bryant  Ferguson 

P.  D.  Martin  

Stout  &  Atkinson 

John  B.  Stryker  &  Co 

Sibley,  Molten  &  Co 

Williams  &  Arnest 

Adams,  Atkinson  &  Co 

E.  J.  Troth 

Other  contributions  in  cash  and 

merchandise  .  . 


$100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

13,749  67 


COMMITTEE    OX   HATS,    CAPS   AND  FURS. 

Chairmen,  E.  MORRIS  and  MRS.  C.  C.  ROBERTS. 


Cash. 

Adolph  &  Keen $1,000  00 

"         "          employees 400  00 

George  Hoff  &  Co 300  00 

S.  D.  Walton 250  00 

"         "         employees 172  50 

C.  H.  Garden  &  Co 250  00 

Henry  Tilge  &  Co 250  00 

John  Fareira 100  00 

Edward  S.  Mawson 100  00 

"                "        employees.  15  43 


Cooper,  Parham  &  Work. 

S.  D.  Walton  &  Co 

J.  C.  Yeager 

Frederick  W.  Corinth 

Bartalott  &  Blynn 

John  Davis  . . 


Coods. 
Employees  of  E.  Morris  &  Co. 

George  Hoff  &  Co 

Isaac  Oakford  &  Son . . 


$53,814  67 


$100  00 
75  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 


200  00 
150  00 

108  75 


264 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Wm.  F.  Warburton $100  00         J.  B.  Lamberti 


$56  00 


Wotnrath  &  Co 

Joseph  Rosenbaum 

Barnes,  Osterhout,  Herron  &  Co. 
Miss  Benjamin's  school,  Harris- 
burgh  

Total  net.. 


100  00 
90  00 
70  50 


Pupils     of    Miss     Woodward's 

school,  Harrisburgh 50  00 

T.  H.  McCalla 50  00 

Other  subscriptions  and  donations  1,980  84 


$6,220  80 


COMMITTEE    ON   RETAIL    DRY    GOODS. 


Chairmen,  H.  H. 
Cash. 

H.  Hi  G.  Sharpless 

Lord  &  Taylor,  New  York 

Eyre  &  Landell 

Edwin  Hall 

John  "W.  Thomas 

Edward  Bacon 

George  S.  Lang 

From  the  counting-room  and  re- 
tail department  of  C.  L.  Sharp- 
less  

John  Loutey 

Total  net. . 


G.  SHARPLESS  and  MRS.  JOSHUA  TEVIS. 

Edwin  King $50  00 

$200  00         Kelley  &  Brown 50  00 

100  00        F.  M.  Caldwell 50  00 

Cooper  &  Conard 50  00 


100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 


60  00 
50  00 


Goods. 

J.  M.  Hafleigh 500  00 

Besson  &  Son 152  00 

Eyre  &  Landell 100  00 

Shelmire  &  Thompson 72  57 

Other  subscriptions  and  donations  2,206  51 


$4,141  08 


American  Button-Hole  Machines 

Wilcox  &  Gibbs,  Machines 

Total  net . . 


COMMITTEE    ON   SEWING   MACHINES. 

Chairman,  MRS.  DR.  GROSS. 

Wheeler  &  Wilson,  Sewing  Ma- 
chines    $300  00 

Grover  &  Baker,    Sewing  Ma- 
chines    300  00 

The  Singer  Manufacturing  Com- 
pany, Machines 300  00 

The  Florence  Sewing  Machines.  300  00 
Wheeler  &  Wilson,  Button-Hole 

Machine 250  00 

The  Elliptic  Sewing  Machine. . .  250  00 

John  Grigg,  cash 100  00 

Dr.  S.  D.  Gross,  cash 100  00 

The  Parham  Machine 75  00 

Wagener  Sewing  Machine 65  00 

Wilmarth  Sewing  Machine  Co. .  6000 

Finkle  &  Lyon,  one  machine. . .  55  00 

$625  00        Other  contributions 480  40 

300  00  

$3,560  40 


COMMITTEE    ON   CARRIAGES. 

Chairman,  WILLIAM  D.  ROGERS. 
New  Jersey  Department,  by  Gen.  Brewers'  &  Maltsters'  Association 

Robertson,   Chairman $62500  of  Pennsylvania $37500 

Win.  D.  Rogers 400  00         S.  W.  Jacobs. .  350  00 


THE  GREAT  CENTRAL  FAIR. 


265 


George  Dodd  &  Son $300  00 

George  W.  Watson  &  Co 275  00 

A.  B.  Laudis  and  others.  Mount 

Joy,  Pa 225  00 

Beckhaus  &  Allgaier 200  00 

J.  George  Letier 200  00 

Edward  Lane 200  00 

J.  M.  Cox  &  Brother,    Middle- 
town,   Del 175  00 

Blanchard  &  Bro.,  Newark,  N.  J.  153  99 
Total  net . . 


A.  M.  Ilerkness $100  00 

J.  D.  Heritage,  Bustleton,  Pa. . .  90  00 

H.  G.  Headrick 80  00 

Sam'l  Mowry,  Greenville,  Conn.  60  00 

James  Laws,  Holmesburg,  Pa. . .  CO  00 

W.  H.  Pearce 51  20 

Pfaff  &  Kroll 50  00 

Other  subscriptions   and   dona- 
tions   234  95 

$4,205  14 


COMMITTEE    ON    WINES    AND    LIQUORS. 

Chairman,  GEORGE  CROMELIEN. 

E.  Castillon 

Kirkpatrick  &  Brother 

Charles  S.  &  James  Carstairs. 

Walden,  Koehn  &  Co 

S.  Alter 

J.  B.  Peacock 

E.  K.  Conklin 

A.  Kobeno,  Sr 

John  Hertzeler 

Adam  Moffitt 

John  D.  Norcross 

Dufour  &  Gardrat . . 


$200  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 


Merchandise,  estimated  value. 
Win.  H.  Yeaton $500  00 


George  Cromelien  &  Son $500  00 

White  &  Ilentz 500  00 

P.  Bushong 500  00 

Henry  Bohlen  &  Co 500  00 


T.  H.  Jacobs  &  Co 

L.  E.  Amsinck  &  Co.,  New  York 

Wm.  H.  Yeaton  &  Co 

John  C.  Keffer 

J.  N.  Kline 

Other  donations  of  money  and 
goods,  say 


200  00 
165  00 
150  00 
150  00 
50  00 

400  CO 


Total  net. 


5,429  00 


COMMITTEE    OX    CHEMICALS. 

Chairman,  WM.  M.  UHLER,  M.  D. 


Rosengarten  &  Sons $1,000  00 

Powers  &  Weightrnan 1,000  00 

John  T.  Lewis  &  Brother 500  00 

Wetherill  &  Brother 500  00 

Charles  Lennig 500  00 


Harrison  Brothers  &  Co $250  00 

Dr.  W.  M.  Filler 50  00 

James  F.  Magee  &  Co 50  00 

Other  subscriptions 200  00 


Total  net $4,050  00 


COMMITTEE    ON    BREWERS    AND    MALTSTERS. 


Chairman,  SAMUEL  HUSTON. 

Cash.                                        Massey,  Collins  &  Co.,  employees         $82  25 
Massey,  Collins  &  Co $500  00         F.  &  W.  S.  Perot 200  00 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Leeds  &  Gray $10000        J.  Beckler $10000 

W.  E.  Augier 10000         P.  Guckes 10000 

John  Potter 100  00         Leeds  &  Gray 100  00 

Adolph  Ilugel 100  00         Frederick  Lauer,  Reading 100  00 

Liinus  &  Yuengling,  Pottsville.  55  00         Engel  &  Wolf 80  00 

Ale,  &c.  Mrs-  Grauch 80  00 

Wm.  Gaul '.    500  00        D.  J.  Yuengling,  Pottsville 50  00 

Brewers'  Association  of  State  of  P.  Schemm 50  00 

Pennsylvania 375  00         E.  Joerger 50  00 

Abbott  &  Co 250  00        Schweitzer  &  Grimm 50  00 

Massey,  Collins  &  Co 250  00        John  Klumpp    50  00 

Bergdoll  &  Psotta 200  00         C.  Theiss 50  00 

J.  &  P.  Baltz 200  00         230  casks,  &c.,  &c.,  say 4,700  00 

Gustavus  Bergner 200  00 

Total  net $7,800  25 

8FB-COMMITTEE    ON    EXPRESS    COMPANIES. 

Treasurer,  JOHN  BINGHAM. 

Adams'  Express  Company $1,00000  Employees,     Howard     Ex- 
Howard  &  Co.'s  Express 25000                             press  Co $3000 

Howard  Express  Company 200  00  "        Kinsley  &  Co.'s 

Kinsley  &  Co.'s  Express 250  00  Express 25  50 

Harnden's  Express 250  00  "        New  Jersey  Ex- 
Wells,  Fargo  &  Co.'s  Express. .         150  00                              press  Co 16  00 

Philadelphia  Local  Express ....  50  00  $632  34 

Bills  receipted  in  full : 

$2,150  00         Adams'  Express  Co $360  00 

One  day's  income  as  follows:  Howard  &  Co.'s  Express.   149  40 

Employees,     Adams'    Ex-  Harnden's  Express 45  25 

press  Co $434  00  Howard  Express  Co 55  35 

"        Howard  &  Co.'s  Kinsley  &  Co.'s  Express..     2985 

Express 100  00  Phila.  Local  Express 40  00 

"        Harnden's     Ex-  gfg  §5 

press 26  84  

Total - $3,462  19 

COMMITTEE  ON   TEIMMING8,    LACES,  ETC. 

Chairmen,  R.  A.  MAXWELL  and  MRS.  J.  WARNER  JOHNSON. 

Cash.  R.  1ST.  Lee  &  Co $100  00 

Lewis  Brothers  &  Co $500  00         Johns  &  Lippincott 100  00 

Billings,  Roop  &  Co 500  00         G.  H.  Christian  &  Co 100  00 

Joel  J.  Baily  &  Co 500  00         George  T.  Stokes 100  00 

Shuff  &  Wernwag 500  00         Ostheimer  &  Woodward 100  00 

H.  Duhring&Co 30000         B.  Hooley  &  Son 10000 

J.  G.  Maxwell  &  Son 250  00         F.  S.  Hovey  &  Brother 100  00 

Markley  &  Shaffner 250  00         Pearce,  Wardin  &  Co 100  00 

Armar  Young,  Brother  &  Co 250  00         Lefevre,  Park  &  Co 100  00 

Wolgamuth,  Raleigh  &  Co 250  00         Henry  M.  Stone 100  00 

Willcox  Brothers  &  Co 150  00         Abram  H.  Derrickson 50  00 

B.  G.  Godfrey  &  Co 150  00         Henry  Ashley 50  00 

Bates  &  Coates 125  00  Lee  Brothers  &  Co. . .                             50  00 


THE  GREAT  CENTRAL  FAIR. 


267 


Grundy,  Brother  &  Co $50  00 

Brooke  &  Fuller 50  00 

Austin,  Thorp  &  Co.,  New  York.  50  00 

Goods. 

J.  &  A.  Keraper 125  00 

Agnew  &  English 125  00 

Joshua  B.  Lee  &  Co. . .  100  00 


E.  M.  Needles $100  00 

H.  B.  Claflin  &  Co.,  New  York.  . .       50  00 

John  Thornton 50  00 

Flues  &  Schatte 50  00 

Shadrach  Hill 50  00 

All  other  subscriptions   and  con- 
tributions   2,834  35 


Total  net $8,509  35 


COMMITTEE    ON   TOBACCO    AND    CIGARS. 


Chairman,  D. 


Cash. 

Bucknor,  McCammon  &  Co $1,000  00 

Vetterlein  &  Co 1,000  00 

John  T.  Taitt 500  00 

Frishmuth,  Brother  &  Co 300  00 

W.  E.  Garrett  &  Sons,  country.  250  00 

Hagen,  Boyd  &  Co 200  00 

S.  &  J.  Moore 200  00 

McDowell  &  Duncan 200  00 

Taylor  &  Heraphill 200  00 

Smith  &  Brothers 200  00 

W.  Kingslea  and  employees 112  00 

Louis  Herbert 100  00 

C.  M.  Meyer  &  Co 100  00 

L.  Bremer  &  Sons 10000 

W.  H.  Fuguet 100  00 

J.  R.  Sank 100  00 

A.  Merino 100  00 

L.  Bamberger  &  Co 10000 

Russell  &  Woodruff 100  00 

Teller,  Anathan  &  Co. 100  00 

John  C.  Heiner  &  Co 100  00 

Wm.  Warner  &  Co 100  00 

Woodward  &  Co.. ,  100  00 


C.  McCAMMON. 

G.  W.  Hickman  &  Co $100  00 

S.  H.  Bush  &  Co 100  00 

Stern,  Jonas  &  Co 100  00 

Thomas  Hare 100  00 

Schmidt  &  Cathrall 100  00 

E.  M.  Crawford  &  Co.,  N.  Y.  . .  100  00 

Fred.  Esenwein,                  "     . .  100  00 

B.  Vetterlein,                      "     . .  100  00 

H.  Thiermann,                     "     . .  100  00 
M.  F.  Boyer  &  N.  Wetzel,  Potts- 

ville 60  00 

Woltjen  Brothers 50  00 

Wartman  &  Engelman 50  00 

James  W.  Crowell 50  00 

A.  R.  Fougeray 50  00 

Wm.  F.  Meurer 50  00 

Aug.  T.  Meurer 50  00 

Lower  &  Rank 50  00 

Cain  &  Tatem 50  00 

Beck  &  Burns 50  00 

John  Wagner 50  00 

Goods. 
G.  W.  Gail  &  Ax,   Baltimore, 

tobacco 520  44 

W.  M.  Abbey  &  Joseph  Brooke, 

tobacco 200  00 

Frishmuth  &  Co.,  cigars 200  00 

Taylor,  Bucknor,  McCammon  & 

Co.,  coffee 170  00 

Woltjen  Brothers,  tobacco 116  70 

William  Warner  &  Co.,  pipes. . .  107  00 

Smith  &  Brothers,  tobacco 76  20 

Sabater  &  Hance,         "         72  00 

Henry  H.    Watts,   New  York, 

tobacco 60  00 

Stephen  Greenly,  tobacco 50  00 

H.  R.  Wolf,  cigars 50  00 

Other  contributions..  93269 


Total  net $9,377  03 


268 


THE   TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


COMMITTEE   ON   CLOTHING    AND    MERCHANT   TAILORING. 


Chairman,  L. 


Cash. 


Bennett  &  Co $500  00 

Goldman,  Berg  &  Co 500  00 

"             "           employees.  22  00 

Bloomingdale  &  Khine 300  00 

Kunkel,  Hall  &  Co 300  00 

Harkness  Brothers 300  00 

Anspach  &  Stanton 300  00 

Arnold,  Nusbaum  &  Nirdlinger. .  300  00 

"              "            "     employees  108  40 

Gans,  Lebermaii  &  Co 300  00 

Shloss  &  Brother 250  00 

Solomon  Gans 250  00 

Geo.  W.  Eeed  &  Co 200  00 

Snyder,  Grubb  &  Co 200  00 

"                "           employees.  99  55 

Frank  Brothers  &  Co 150  00 

Wolf,  Mayer  &  Co 150  00 

Blum,  Rau  &  Co 150  00 

F.  A.  Hoyt 150  00 

Reizenstein  Brothers 100  00 

Joseph  S.  Dell 100  00 

Perry  &  Co 100  00 

W.  &  F.  Carpenter 100  00 

E.  P.  Kelly 100  00 

Stern  &  Troutman 50  00 

Newburger  &  Ilochstadter 50  00 

Total  net . . 


J.  LEBERMAN. 

Samuel  Mayer 

Painter,  Read  &  Eldredge 

J.  H.  Ehrlicher 

J.  Meier  &  Brother 

Milligan  &  Carnahan 

Thos.  C.  Love 

E.  O.  Thompson 

S.  S.Kelly 

Hughes  &  Muller 

S.  H.  Mattson 

M.  J.  &  C.  Croll 

Hartley  &  Eckert 


$50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 


Goods,  estimated  value. 

Wanamaker  &  Brown 

Rockhill  &  Wilson 

Grigg  &  Van  Gunten 

Charles  Stokes  &  Co 

William  Brown  &  Co 

C.  Somers  &  Son 

H.  L.  Hallowell  &  Son 

R.  D.  Clifton 

M.  T.  Willis 

E.  Matlack 

Other  donations  of  money   and 
goods,  say 


COMMITTEE    ON   WHOLESALE    GROCERIES. 

Chairmen,  EDWARD  S.  CLARKE  and  MRS.  CADWALADER. 

lungerich  &  Smith 

William  Cummings  &  Son 

William  C.  Keehmle 

H.  Geiger  &  Co 

John  Harding,  Jr 

Garrett  &  Martin 

W.  S.  Grant 

H.  H.  Lippincott  &  Trotter 

Madeira  &  Cabada 

Thomas  L.  Gillespie 

James  W.  Carson  &  Co 

Roberts  &  Macaltioner 

Benjamin  S.  Janney,  Jr..  &  Co.. 

Samuel  Bispham  &  Son 

Charles  S.  Lewis 

George  Helrnuth 

James  Carstairs  . . 


Thompson,  Clarke  &  Young $1,000  00 

E.  C.  Knight  &  Co 1,000  00 

Reynolds,  Ilowell  &  Reiff 500  00 


300  00 
300  00 
153  50 
150  00 
125  00 
100  00 
100  00 
51  37 
50  00 
50  00 

700  00 
$7,360  07 


$500  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
200  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
100  00 
50  00 


THE  GREAT  CENTRAL  FAIR. 


269 


W.  Longstreth  &  Co. . 
Weaver  &  Sprankle . . 

Nathan  Young 

C.  Young 

James  Small  . . 


$50  00         C.  T.  Holloway 

50  00        E.  C.  Ebv 

50  00         D.  Beidelinan 

50  00         D.  Hendrie 

50  00  Other  subscriptions. 


$50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
97  62 


Total  net $5,797  62 


COMMITTEE    OX    ROUSE    FURNISHING    GOODS. 

Chairmen,  I.  E.  WALKAVEN  and  MRS.  RANDOLPH. 


Cash. 
Noblit,  Brown  &  Noblit. . 

Mrs.  S.  S.  White 

L.  A.  Godey 

Paton  &  Co.,  New  York. . 
Burglar  Alarm  Telegraph . 
Mrs.  George  Cromelien . . . 

John  Grigg 

S.  J.  Megargee , 

John  Noblit , 

Mutual  Assurance  Co. 
Cooper  &  Conard 


Goods. 

A.  II.  Franciscus 

I.  E.  Walraven 

Kelty,  Carringtou  &  Co 

Hiram  Tucker.  Boston 

Sheppard,  Van  Harlingen  &  Arri- 

son 

New  York  Metropolitan  Washing 

Machine  Co. . . 


$200  00 

200  00 

200  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 


1,300  00 
350  00 
300  00 
250  00 

211  50 

204  00 


Brnce's  Parlor  Organ $150  00 

J.  V.  Cowell  &  Son 125  00 

Berger  &  Butz 125  00 

Goldthorp  &  Co 121  50 


Vanhorn  &  Eckstein 

Howe  &  Euston 

Newark  Patent  Package  Co. 

Mrs.  S.  S.  White 

R.  K.  Slaughter 

Hadden,  Porter  &  Booth. . . . 
Whitney  &  Weston,  Boston . 

Mrs.  R.  Lewis 

Reading  Hardware  Works.. 

V.  Qnarre 

Davis,  Kempleton  &  Co 

Isaac  Schlichter 

B.  J.  Williams 

C.  W.  Dean 

Chipman  &  White 

E.  S.  Farson  &  Co 

A.  Lafore 

Other  donations . . 


108  90 
100  00 
90  00 
89  75 
75  00 
75  00 
69  00 
68  00 
68  00 
51  54 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
469  81 


Total  net $6,102  90 


COMMITTEE    ON    WROUGHT    AND    CAST    IRON. 

Chairman,  ANDREW  WHEELER. 


Morris,  Tasker  &  Co $1,000  00 

Morris,  Wheeler  &  Co 1,000  00 

Phoenix  Iron  Co 1 ,000  00 

N.  Trotter  &  Co 1,000  00 

James  Rowland  &  Co 1,000  00 

Cabeen  &  Co 1,000  00 

N.  &  G.  Taylor  &  Co 1,000  00 

Allentown  Iron  Co.,  Allentown.  1,000  00 
Lehigh  Crane  Iron  Co.,  Catasau- 

qua 1,000  00 

Cambria  Iron  Co.,  Johnstown. . .  1,000  00 
Cumberland  Nail  &  Iron  Co., 

Bridgeton,  N.  J 1,000  00 

Thomas  Iron  Co.,  Hokendauqua.  1,000  00 


Glendon  Iron  Co.,  Easton $1,000  00 

Bloomsburg  Iron    Co.,    Blooms- 
burg  1,000  00 

Penn.  Iron  Works,  Danville: 

Thomas  Beaver -. .  500  00 

Book -keepers  &  clerks.  102  50 

Workmen 894  53 

1,497  03 

A.  &  P.  Roberts  &  Co 500  00 

Verree  &  Mitchell 500  00 

W.  F.  Potts 500  00 

N.  &  A.  Middleton 500  00 

Stephen  Robbins 500  00 

J.  Wood  &  Brother. .  500  00 


270 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Alan  Wood  &  Co $500  00 

E.  &  G.  Brooke,  Birdsboro 500  00 

E.  &  G.  Brooke  &  Co.,  Birdsboro  500  00 

Steele  &  Worth,  Coatesville 500  00 

Bethlehem  Iron  Co.,  Bethlehem .  500  00 

Jas.  Hooven  &  Sons,  Norristown  500  00 

McCullough  Iron  Co.,    Phila.  . .  500  00 

Carbon  Iron  Co.,  Perry  ville 500  00 

Seyfert,  McManus  &  Co.,  Read- 
ing   500  00 

Seyfert,  McManus  &  Co.,  specially 

applied 500  00 

Lehigh  Valley  Iron  Co.,  North- 
ampton County 500  00 

Tatham  &  Brothers 300  00 

Etting  &  Brother 300  00 

G.  Dawson  Coleman,  Lebanon.  .  300  00 
D.  O.  &  H.  S.  Hitner,  William 

Penn  Furnaces 300  00 

Catasauqua  Manufacturing  Co.  300  00 

Marshall,  Phillips  &  Co 300  00 

Cabot  &  Etting 250  00 

Steever  &  Whitaker 250  00 

Huston  &  Penrose,  Coatesville . .  250  00 

C.  L.  Pennock  &  Co.,        "         . .  250  00 

0.  W.  Barnes. . .  250  00 


Hoopes  &  Townsend $250  00 

McKelvy  &  Neal,  Bloomsburg . .  250  00 

Samuel  Lewis,  Allentown 250  00 

Duncannon    Iron   Co.,  Philadel- 
phia     200  00 

A.  Purves  &  Son 150  00 

Phoenix  Iron  Co.,  paper  weights  150  00 
Jacobs    &    Bull,    Spring   Grove 

Forge 120  00 

C.  D.  Robbins  &  Co 100  00 

J.  Clarence  Cresson 100  00 

Thomas  I.  Potts 100  00 

Samuel  Hatfield,  Coatesville 100  00 

Hugh  E.  Steele            "         ....  100  00 
Singer,  Nhnick  &  Co.,  Pittsburgh, 

steel  cannon 100  00 

W.  H.  Tiers 100  00 

Sanderson,  Brother  &  Co 100  00 

Park,  Brother  &  Co.,  Pittsburgh, 

steel 95  25 

William  Dowlin,  Downingtown  .  50  00 

James  Goodman,  Sadsbury  Forge  50  00 

"          "              "    employees  7  00 
Proceeds  from  miniature  horse- 
shoes, presented  by  H.  Burden 

&  Sons,  Troy,  N.  Y 3,181  73 


Total  net $32,138  28 


By  James  McHenry,  London  . . .  $1,207  35 
By  Mrs.  C.  Ingersoll  Gara,  Erie, 

Pa 1,036  09 

French,  Richards  &  Co 1,000  00 

Edward  M.  Hopkins 500  00 

C.  Macalester. . .  500  00 


RESTAURANT    DEPARTMENT. 

Chairmen,  GEO.  T.  LEWIS  and  Miss  MoHENRT. 

Thomas  Sparks $45600 

By  Mrs.  T.  T.  Bradford,  from 
Ladies'  Aid  Society  of  Water- 
ford,  Pa 391  35 

By  Mrs.  G.  A.  Nicolls,  Reading.         305  98 
By  Mrs.  Chaplain,  from  citizens 

of  Germantown 303  55 

By  Mrs.  Susan  A.  Russell,  Potts- 

ville 259  85 

From  "Dan  Rice's  Great  Show"         256  75 
Pennsylvania  Salt  Manufacturing 

Company 250  00 

From  the  employees  of  the  Wa- 
ter Department,  Philadelphia,  206  10 

Thomas  Earp 200  00 

Delaware  County  Mutual  Insu- 
rance Company 200  00 

Browning  &  Brothers 200  00 

By  Mrs.  Dr.  Rankin,  Shippens- 

burg 189  70 


THE  GREAT  CENTRAL  FAIR. 


271 


Proceeds  of  a  festival  at   Con- 

neauville $183  62 

By  E.    P.    Pleasant,    Sunbury, 

Pa 177  oo 

C.  Knap,  Pittsburgh,  two  guns 

and  one  mortar 175  00 

Citizens  of  Juniata  County 153  45 

By  Miss  Mary  Kirk,  Upper  Darby  130  00 

Citizens  of  Pennsburg 112  85 

From  Allentown  and  neighbor- 
hood   110  31 

Mrs.  Robert  Sturgis 100  00 

John  Grigg 100  00 

Mrs.  Edward  Law 100  00 

Proceeds  of  a  parlor  entertain- 
ment    100  00 

Geo.  T.  Lewis 100  00 

Alexander  Brown 100  00 

G.  A.  Wood 100  00 

Dr.  George  W.  Norris 100  00 

Total  net.  . 


Miss  E.  M.  Fox 

Miss  N.  W.  Fisher 

Mrs.  W.  W.  Fisher 

F.  W.  Ralston 

Henry  Sharpless 

N.  W.  Harkness  (collection) .... 
By  S.  J.  Walls,  from  Lewisburg 
Ladies'  Committee  of  Milton . . . 
A.  J.  McDowell,  Summerville . . 

Thomas  Pratt,  Media 

Thomas  Earp,  Jr 

John  T.  Lewis 

Edward  L.  Clark 

George  R.  Smith 

Field  &  Keehmle 

Mrs.  R.  H.  Gratz 

T.  Wharton  Fisher 

Ladies  of  Huntington 

Other  contributions  and  profit. . 


$100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

98  10 

78  20 

72  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

11,878  42 


COMMITTEE   ON    PERFUMERY    AND    TOILET    ARTICLES. 

Chairmen,  H.  P.  TAYLOR  and  MRS.  E.  W.  CLARK. 
Hamrick  &  Leavitt . . 


William  D.  Glenn . 
Jacob  Haehnlen . . 


employees. 


Cash. 


Henry  C.  Fox .  . 
Total  net . 


$200  00 


Goods. 
Van  Haagen  &  McKeone . . . 

R.  &  G.  A.  Wright 

Xavier  Bazin 

J.  C.  Hull's  Son,  New  York. 

H.  P.  &  C.  R.  Taylor 

Glenn  &  Co 

A.  W.  Harrison 

Reinhold  Calm 

Edward  McClain 

All  other  donations . . 


$22,481  67 


$100  00 

20  00 

100  00 

50  00 


425  00 

396  00 

363  50 

360  00 

350  00 

301  89 

75  00 

52  50 

50  25 

3,681  03 

^6,525  17 


COMMITTEE     ON    WOOLEN    AND    COTTON    MANUFACTURES. 

Chairman,  G.  MORRISON  COATES. 

Benjamin  Bullock's  Sons $1,000  00        John  M.  Mitchell  &  Co. . 

Wm.  C.  Houston  and  Thos.  Mott.  lrOOO  00 

Brown,  Hill  &  Co 500  00 

Martin  Landenberger 500  00 

"          Office  employees..  12000 

"          Factory        do  314  25 


Employees.  . 

Whitehead  Brothers,  Trenton,  N. 
J.,  goods  ................... 

Coates  Brothers  .............. 

Southwick,  Sheble  &  Greene.  .  . 


$500  00 
17  20 

400  00 
300  00 
300  00 


272 


THE  TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


Duhring  &  Co.,  Beaver  Valley 

Mills $300  00 

A.  T.  Lane 250  00 

Reece,  Seal  &  Co 250  00 

Henry  C.  Davis 250  00 

Joseph  B.  Hughes 250  00 

T.  Hilsen  &  Co.,  picture,  valued  at  250  00 
Washington  Manufacturing  Com- 
pany, Gloucester,  N.J.,  goods.  250  00 
Garsed  &  Brother,  Frankford. ..  200  00 
Employees,  Tremont  Mill..  12182 
"      WingohockingMill.  89  74 
James  C.  Roberts,  Downington, 

Pa 150  00 

Joseph  McClure,  Downingtown,  150  00 

"         "         Employees,  &c.  62  00 

Samuel  W.  Cattell 150  00 

James  Ramsden 100  00 

Fairfield  &  Lee 100  00 

Justice  &  Bateman 100  00 

Emanuel  Hey  &  Brothers 100  00 

James  Long,  Brother  &  Co 100  00 

Jacob  D.  Heft 100  00 

John  Verlinden,  Darby 100  00 

James  Martin,  Frankford 100  00 


John  Button  &  Sons 

"  "  "  Employees. . 

Michael  Buggy 

Charles  T.  Deacon 

"  "  Employees . . . 

Granlees,  Norris  &  Co 

Bishop,  Kelly  &  White 

W.  Divine  &  Sons 

Employees  in  Kennebec  Fac- 
tory  

Employees  in  Penn  Factory . . 

Aub  &  Hackenburg,  goods 

J.  T.  Midnight 

Horace  H.  Soule 

Eagle  Mills 

E.  Albert  Conkle 

David  Trainer 

"  "  Employees 

James  &  Robert  Mair 

Campbell  &  Elliott 

W.  Fulforth  and  employees .... 

Solomon  Wilde,  Frankford 

All  other  donations,  say 


$100  00 

70  00 

100  00 

100  00 

89  25 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 


Total  net $7,500  00 


Cash. 
Proceeds    of    a     parlor 

through  Mrs.  James  L. 

horn 

Thomas  Megear 

Palmer,  Richardson  &  Co. 
Ailing  Brothers  &  Co.,  X. 


COMMITTED    OX    JEWELRY,    SILVER    WARE,    ETC1. 

Chairmen,  JAMES  E.  CALDWELL  and  MRS.  JAMES  L.  CLAOHORJT. 

Goods,  estimated  value. 

J.  E.  Caldwell  &  Co $2,000  00 

Carrow,  Thibault  &  Co 566  50 

N.  F.  Fenwick,  Paris,  France. . .  400  00 

Butler  &  McCarty 317  00 

Farr  &  Brother 310  00 

George  W.  Simons  &  Brother.  .  S06  00 

William  Wilson  &  Son 300  00 

F.  P.  Dubosq 300  00 

E.  Tracy  &  Co 250  00 

John  M.  Harper 250  00 

Thomas  Wriggins 179  00 

Thomas  C.  Garrett 175  00 

Dtirand  &  Co.,  New  York 158  50 

Arthur  Rurnrill  &  Co.,    "        .  .  150  00 

Pratt,  South  &  Co.,          "        .  .  150  00 

Mabie,  Todd  &  Co.,          u        . .  147  00 

Hall,  Dodd  &  Co.,  Newark,  N.  J.  134  00 

Chatellier  &  Spence,  New  York  131  00 

Harvey  Filley  &  Sons 125  00 

Baldwin,  Sexton  &  Co.,  N.  Y. .  .  120  00 

Salzman,  Jacot  &  Co.,         "...  115  00 


fair, 
Clag- 


$722  15 

100  00 

100  00 

50  00 


THE  GREAT  CENTRAL  FAIR. 


273 


Hunting  &  Earle,  New  York.  . .  $112  00 

Reed  &,  Barton,  Tauaton,  Mass.,  110  50 

Fitch  &  Waldo,  New  York 104  50 

Krider  &  Biddle 102  50 

Buckenham,  Cole  &  Hall,  N.  Y.  100  00 

Carter,  Hale  &  Co.,                 "  100  00 

Bald  win  &  Co.,                        "  100  00 

Gurrett  &  Son 100  00 

Dreer  &  Sears 100  00 

E.  Cliristman 100  00 

L.  Ladomus  &  Co 100  00 

H.  &  G.  Soule,  New  York 93  00 

Durfey  &  Barnes,    "           90  00 

Ernest  Kaufmann 76  00 

Madam  E.  G.  Augeli. .  75  00 


Jacob  Bennett 

E.  Borhek  &  Son 

E.  Howard  &  Co 

C.  Jacot  &  Brother 

C.  F.  Newton 

Sackett,  Davis  &  Co.,  New  York 
Samuel  W.  Chamberlain,    a 
Churchill,  Dana  &  Co.,      " 
Spiess  &  Rosswog,  " 

Vulcanite  Jewelry  Co.       " 

G.  Gigon  &  Co 

W.  Windel  &  Brother 

Joseph  T.  K.  Hand,  Cape  Island 

Henry  Harper 

Other  donations,  say 


$75  00 
75  00 
70  00 
70  00 
60  00 
59  50 
56  00 
53  50 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 

800  00 


Total  net $11,943  83 

COMMITTEE    ON   PUBLIC    AND    PRIVATE    SCHOOLS. 

Chairmen,  EDWARD  SIIIPPEN  and  MRS.  P.  M.  CLAPP. 


Girls'  High  and  Normal  School : 
Proceeds  of  concert  $1.000  00 

Sales  at  fair 264  81 

"     after  fair  . .  29  25 


$1,294  0(5 


Contributions      from 

teachers $52  10 

Parlor  entertainment  52  94 

Sales  at  fair..  783  50 


Boys'  Central  High  School : 
Collections  by  pupils  and  pro- 
fessors   $891  00 

Sales  at  fair 376  00 

1,267  00 

First  Ward,  sales,  concert,  collec- 
tions   1,151  07 

Second  Ward : 

Phantasmagoria  exhibi- 
tion  $6000 

One  day's  income  from 

teachers 85  00 

Children's  collections..  124  00 

Proceeds  of  ward  fair  .490  00 

759  00 

Third  Ward 1,623  30 

Fourth  Ward 1,726  00 

Fifth  Ward,  including  $655.25 
from  sales  at  the  fair  by  a  col- 
ored school 1,222  68 

Sixth  Ward 1.240  68 

Seventh  Ward 1,098  37 

Eighth  Ward  : 

Phantasmagoria  exhi- 
bitions  $435  17 

Contributions      from 

schools 219  58 

Total  net 

18 


Ninth  Ward 

Tenth  Ward 

Eleventh  Ward 

Twelfth  Ward 

Thirteenth  Ward 

Fourteenth  Ward : 
Contributions       of 

the  Hancock  and 

Monroe  Grammar 

Schools $2,879  61 

Sales  at  fair . .  600  00 


$1,544  29 

2,334  67 

1,623  49 

31  00 

586  64 

1,192  72 


Fifteenth  Ward 

Sixteenth  Ward ...... 

Seventeenth  Ward .... 

Eighteenth  Ward 

Nineteenth  Ward. . . . 

Twentieth  Ward 

Twenty -first  Ward .... 
Twenty-second  Ward. . 
Twenty -third  Ward . . . 
Twenty-fourth  Ward. . 
Twenty-fifth  Ward. . . . 
Public  schools  at  large 

Private  schools 

All  other  receipts 


3,479  61 

3,112  24 

1,237  60 

601  26 

1,070  00 

1,144  30 

1,005  85 

522  61 

1,021  60 

264  93 

647  21 

434  60 

376  45 

1.542  0!) 

432  4;> 

$06,760  40 


274 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


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TUE   NORTHERN  IOWA  FAIR.  277 

From  Eastern  Pennsylvania  to  Northern  Iowa  is  a  march  worthy  of 
Sherman's  army;  when  made,  however,  the  traveller  will  find  that  though 
the  sky  may  have  changed,  the  avocations  of  those  who  dwell  beneath  it, 
have  not.  Here,  as  elsewhere,  the  cause  of  the  army  is  dear  to  the  hearts 
of  the  people.  The  idea  of  holding  a  Sanitary  Fair  in  Dubuque  first 
occurred,  to  a  few  citizens  of  that  place,  in  January,  1864.  The  subject  was 
laid  before  the  Ladies'  Soldiers'  Aid  Society,  and  a  public  meeting  was  called 
to  consider  the  subject.  The  leaders  in  such  matters,  however,  were  at  that 
time  unwilling  to  undertake  so  arduous  an  enterprise,  and  the  matter  rested 
until  March.  Mrs.  Livermore,  of  Chicago,  happened  at  that  date  to  be  in 
Dubuque,  and  proposed  to  deliver  an  address,  embodying  her  experience  in 
sanitary  matters  and  philanthropic  festivals.  The  address  was  made  before 
an  audience  of  Dubuque's  best  and  fairest.  Instead  of  taking  a  vote,  they 
now  took  a  contribution,  as  the  simplest  method  of  arriving  at  the  sense  of  a 
meeting  held  in  view  of  pecuniary  ends.  The  plates  told  the  story :  $858  in 
money,  and  $250  in  promises  of  goods.  A  fair  organization  was  immediately 
decided  upon,  and  a  committee  of  sixteen  was  charged  with  the  duty  of 
selecting  the  omcers.  This  was  done  on  the  12th  of  March,  the  choice  falling 
upon  the  following  ladies  and  gentlemen : 

President, 
H.  A.  WILTSE. 

Vice- Presidents, 

F.  E.  BISSELL,  MRS.  TIMOTHY  DAVIS, 

MRS.  P.  H.  CONGER. 

Secretaries, 

AUSTIN  ADAMS,  MRS.  J.  M.  ROBISOX, 

DARIUS  K.  CORN  WELL,  MRS.  J.  CLEMENT, 

MRS.  D.  N.  COOLEY. 

Treasurer, 
GEORGE  L.  MATTHEWS. 

Execu  five  Comm  ittee, 

H.  A.  WILTSE,  MRS.  D.  S.  CUMINGS, 

O.  P.  SIIIRAS,  MRS.  H.  MARKELL, 

MRS.  S.  M.  LANGWORTHY,  MRS.  H.  L.  STOUT, 

MRS.  D.  N.  COOLEY,  MRS.  C.  H.  BOOTH, 

MRS.  J.  CLEMENT,  MRS.  WM.  VANDEVEH. 

The  president  of  each  co-operating  county  in  the  state  was  made  a  vice- 
president,  thirty-two  such  omcers  serving  for  Iowa  counties,  one  for  Iowa  Good 
Templars,  and  one  for  Madison,  "Wisconsin. 


278 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


The  Northern  Iowa  Sanitaiy  Fair  was  held  in  the  City  Hall,  a  fine  build- 
ing of  three  stories  and  a  basement  It  opened  on  the  21st  of  June,  without 
ceremonial.  The  basement  served  as  a  store-room ;  the  first  floor,  which  was 
unpartitioned  throughout  its  length  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet,  was  occu- 
pied by  booths  upon  each  side,  with  a  passage-way  of  twenty-five  feet 
between.  The  second  floor,  being  divided  into  rooms,  furnished  accommoda- 
tions for  the  library  and  floral  department,  and  apartments  for  unpacking  and 
appraising,  and  for  official  transactions.  On  the  third  floor,  which  was  undi- 
vided, were  the  curiosities,  battle  relics,  and  children's  amusements.  The 
restaurant  was  established  in  Turner  Hall,  an  adjoining  building ;  in  another 
communicating  structure  were  hardware,  agricultural  implements,  household 

furniture,  and  machinery.  Turner  Hall 
offered,  too,  a  site  for  the  presentation  of 
pantomimes  and  tableaux,  while  the  Julien 
Theatre  was  the  scene  of  amateur  theatri- 
cals, lectures,  and  concerts. 

The  Iowa  Fair  prides  itself  on  the  fact 
that  uno  article  on  sale  had  ever  been  ex- 
hibited at  any  other  fair.  Many  of  the  fairs 
held  at  about  the  same  time  as  ours  became 
the  residuary  legatees  of  the  Metropolitan 

and  other  fairs,  but  ours  had  no  share  in  these  inheritances."     So  much  the 
more  glory  for  Iowa. 

Such  was  the  lavish  generosity  of  the  people  of  the  state,  and  so  large  was 
the  proportion  of  goods  contributed  ready  for  hospital  use,  that  $25,000  worth 
were  sent  to  the  army  even  before  the  fair  was  opened.  This  was  practical 
work  in  good  earnest ;  instead  cf  contributing  wares  from  the  sale  of  which 
money  might  be  obtained  with  which  to  purchase  stores  and  clothing — fully 
one  third  being  absorbed  by  the  dealers'  profit — they  contributed  the  stores 
and  clothing  at  first  cost  The  refreshment  department  furnished  another 
proof  of  the  hearty  good-will  of  the  people,  though  with  a  less  happy  result 
The  supply  of  provisions,  cooked  and  uncooked,  was  so  profuse,  that  a  por- 
tion was  sold,  as  it  could  not  be  eaten,  and  another  portion  was  spoiled  before 
it  could  be  either  eaten  or  sold. 

There  have  been  few  fairs  without  their  original  ideas ;  and  a  method  of 
augmenting  the  returns  by  offers  of  awards  seems  to  have  begun,  and,  for 
that  matter,  ended,  in  Dubuque.  The  Key  City  Mills  Company  promised  a 
premium  of  $30  to  the  best  four  barrels  of  winter  wheat  flour,  and  another  of 


BASITARY    REAPER. 


VOTE  YOUR  REGIMENT  A   FLAG.  £79 

$40  to  the  largest  donation  of  flour.  The  Brick  City  Mills,  of  Clermont,  won 
the  first,  and  the  Waverley  Mills,  of  Beaver  County,  with  twenty-one  barrels, 
the  second.  The  premiums  went  with  the  barrels,  of  course.  The  Wheeler 
&  Wilson  Manufacturing  Company  promised  a  $115  sewing  machine  to  the 
maker  of  the  best  gentleman's  shirt,  an  $85  machine  to  the  second  best,  and  a 
$65  machine  to  the  third  best.  These  sprightly  household  engines  were  won 
respectively  by  Mrs.  Coder  and  Pettibone,  of  Iowa,  and  Mrs.  Millard,  of  Wis- 
consin. 

Mrs.  Williams,  of  Shellrock,  carried  off  the  prize  of  $35,  offered  by  Luther 
&  Edgar  Tisdale,  of  Dubuque,  for  the  best  three-gallon  crock  of  butter;  and 
Mrs.  Fitch,  of  Nautells,  the  prize  of  $15  for  the  second  best  three-gallon  crock. 
There  are  many  residents  in  Atlantic  cities  who  will  be  glad  to  learn  that 
there  is  such  a  thing  as  good  butter,  though  it  is  no  nearer  than  Iowa. 

Mr.  A.  H.  Suplee,  of  New  York,  had  promised  an  elliptic  sewing  and 
braiding  machine  to  him  who  should  supply  the  largest  amount  of  hospital 
clothing.  James  K.  Smith,  of  Hudson,  furnished  the  clothing,  won  the 
machine,  gave  it  to  the  fair,  and  saw  it  sold. 

Messrs.  Wilcox  &  Gribbs,  of  New  York,  offered  a  $55  sewing  machine  to  the 
maker  of  the  five  best  hospital  shirts.  Mrs.  Schroeder,  of  Illinois,  took  them 
at  their  word,  made  the  best  shirts,  won  the  machine,  and  gave  it  to  the  fair. 

The  managers  of  the  fair  offered  two  prizes :  First,  an  American  flag,  twelve 
by  twenty  feet,  to  the  county  making  the  largest  contribution,  Dubuque 
County  being  naturally  excluded.  This  was  won  by  Clayton  County,  with 
$1,900.  Second,  a  similar  flag  to  the  county  making  the  largest  contribution  in 
proportion  to  wealth,  Dubuque  being  permitted  to  compete.  Kossuth  County 
won,  with  $388. 

Mr.  James  E.  Sebring,  of  New  York,  offered  a  twelve  by  twenty  American 
flag  to  the  county  making  the  largest  contribution  in  proportion  to  wealth, 
Dubuque  being  again  excluded.  Mitchell  county  won,  with  $525. 

The  great  instrumentality  of  the  vote  was  not  to  be  overlooked  in  Iowa. 
Messrs.  Parsons  &  Co.,  of  St.  Louis,  presented  an  embroidered  silk  regimental 
flag  to  the  fair,  the  visitors  to  decide  to  what  Iowa  regiment  it  should  be  given. 
Votes  were  half  a  dollar  apiece,  and  six  hundred  and  eighty  were  cast.  The 
Ninth  Iowa  won.  A  clever  joke  might  be  perpetrated,  in  such  a  canvass,  by 
a  regiment  at  home  on  furlough.  Eemembering  the  old  party  cry  of  "  Vote 
yourself  a  farm,"  they  might  strive  for  regimental  colors  by  the  same  process. 
But  as  this  would  stimulate  opposition,  and  as  opposition  would  beget  half 
dollars,  and  as  half  dollars,  when  collected  by  twos,  produce  a  harmonious 


280 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


decimal  result,  no  one  could  fairly  object,  and  the  winning  regiment,  when  its 
furlough  was  over,  could  go  back  with  flying  colors. 

If  the  small  number  of  visitors  be  taken  into  consideration,  the  Iowa  Fair 
was  the  most  successful  ever  given.  Not  four  thousand  persons  attended  it ; 
the  receipts  from  the  sale  of  tickets  were  not  $2,500 ;  and  yet  the  gross  yield 
was  nearly  $86,000.  This  was  owing,  in  part,  to  the  fact  which  has  been 
mentioned,  that  a  large  proportion  of  the  goods  contributed  were  ready  for 
hospital  use,  and  could  be  forwarded  at  once  to  the  front ;  and  in  part  to  the 
fact  that  the  thirty-two  counties  represented  sent  to  the  central  treasury 
an  unusual  proportion  of  money — the  proceeds  of  local  fairs,  sub-sanitary 
festivals,  tea-parties,  the  collections  of  village  aid  societies,  &c.,  &c.  Thus, 
Black  Hawk  County  sent  not  only  its  quota  of  goods,  but  nearly  a  thousand 
dollars  in  money — collections  in  Cedar  Falls,  the  receipts  of  an  Old  Folks' 
Concert  in  Waterloo,  and  the  returns  of  one  day's  income  from  "Wm.  Ireland 
&  Co. ;  elsewhere  they  had  had  an  ice-cream  festival,  at  another  place  a  calico 
tea-party,  and  farther  south,  a  stage-coach  concert.  It  was,  literally,  a  people's 


A  STAGE-COACH   CONCERT   IN    IOWA. 


fair,  and  the  citizens  of  the  very  heart  and  limits  of  the  state  had  borne  each 
their  burden.     It  is  proper  to  add  that  when  the  closing  auction  sales  were 
over,  the  fair  was  still  the  owner  of  an  embroidered  chair,  a  gold  watch,  a 
house-lot,  one  hundred  and  twenty  acres  of  land,  and  a  bee-hive. 
The  following  is  an  abstract  of  the  receipts  of  the  Iowa  Fair  : 

Dubnque  City $17,359  20 

Dubuque  County 587  75 


THE  DUBUQUE   FAIR.  281 

Black  Hawk  County $1,453  40 

Clayton  County 1,923  80 

Jasper  County 1,124  00 

Jones  County 1,017  65 

All  other  counties 38,601  78 

Good  Templars 1,828  10 

Boston,  Mass 2,735  00 

Chicago,  111 3,508  00 

Hartford,  Conn 325  00 

Masons 272  70 

Milwaukee 1,262  1 6 

New  York  City 3,165  00 

Entertainments 606  50 

Refreshments 1,465  05 

Regatta  on  Lake  Peosta 13  50 

Odd  Fellows  of  Iowa 265  00 

Sale  of  tickets 2,433  35 

Vote  upon  the  flag  awarded  to  Ninth  Iowa 340  00 

Flour  and  wheat  sold 403  70 

Sales  by  auction 1,585  50 

Major-General  Curtis 50  00 

Needle  Pickets,  Quincy 50  00 

Col.  Hawkins'  lecture  at  Redwing,  Minn 15  50 

Iowa  Association  of  Washington,  D.  C 330  00 


Total $60,725  74 

Stores  not  used,  but  sent  direct  to  the  army 25,000  00 


$85,725  74 
Deduct  expenses , 9,230  90 


Total  net $76,494  84 

The  greater  part  of  the  cash  proceeds,  or  $48,348,  were  sent  to  the  Chicago 
Branch  of  the  Sanitary  Commission,  a  few  hundred  dollars  being  retained  for 
the  use  of  the  Soldiers'  Home  in  Dubuque. 

The  contributions  of  Dubuque  may  be  analyzed  as  follows  : 

DUBUQUE   CITY. 

Collection     at     Congregational                            R.  Bonson $100  00 

Church $858  00  Win.  Westphal 100  00 

Sale  of  piano  given  by  the  Cath-  State  Bank,  Dubuque  Branch  . .  100  00 

olic  Society 71100  II.  W.  Sanford 10000 

Sale  of  silver- ware  given  by  the  F.  E.  Bissell 100  00 

Catholic  Society 500  00  J.  K.  Graves 100  00 

Collections  of  one  day's  income,  J.  T.  Hancock 100  00 

by  Mrs.  Booth  &  Miss  Bissell.  1,071  70  Reid  &  Murdoch 100  00 

Other  collections  of  income 180  45  Babbage  &  Co 100  00 

Sheffield  &  Scott 15000  Laflins,  Smith  &  Co 9000 

Key  City  Mills  (premiums) 150  00  Girls'  concert 89  95 


282 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


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25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 


$17,359  20 

One  excellent,  and  perhaps  unexpected,  result  attended  the  Iowa  Fair. 
The  stipulation  had  been  previously  made  that  the  funds  raised  by  it  be  paid 
into  the  Chicago  Branch  of  the  Sanitary  Commission,  though  the  state  had 
maintained  an  independent  sanitary  organization  of  its  own.  The  interest 
excited  throughout  the  northern  half  of  the  state  by  the  fair,  live  months  of 
incessant  labor  in  its  behalf,  the  attention  thus  drawn  from  the  state  associa- 
tion and  fixed  upon  the  national  commission,  served  to  alienate  the  people 
from  the  one,  and  attract  them  to,  and  identify  them  with,  the  other.  This 
result,  when  attained,  was  looked  upon  by  many  lowans  who  had  given  their 
labors  to  the  cause,  as  of  greater  value  than  even  the  $70,000  which  was  its 
more  obvious  and  immediate  object. 

"  This  result,"  writes  Mr.  Norris,  in  his  report,  "  seems  small  when  com- 
pared with  the  results  of  the  New  York  or  Philadelphia  fairs ;  but  it  must 
be  recollected  that  our  population  is  light,  our  country  new,  and  our  people 
generally  poor.  If  real  ability  is  taken  into  account,  I  am  satisfied  that  our 
gift  upon  this  holy  altar  will  be  justly  regarded  as  greater  than  that  of  any 
other  fair  that  has  been  held  for  the  sanitary  cause.  As  was  well  remarked  by 
President  Wiltse,  in  his  opening  address,  '  No  donations  have  been  sanctified 


G.  Becker  

$75  00 

Stevens  &  Hooper  

W.  P.  Large  

50  00 

Brackett  &  Morse  

O.  Chamberlain  

50  00 

C.  P.  Kinsley  &  Co  

II.  Lowrey  

50  00 

George  Crane  

E.  A.  &  J.  H.  Lull  

50  00 

Dr.  J.  C-.  Lay  

Glover  &  Smock. 

50  00 

A.  Van  Pelt&  Co  

James  Levi        ... 

50  00 

John  William  Smith  

Hon.  W.  B.  Allison       

50  00 

Asa  Horr  

Mial  Mason               ... 

50  00 

Wm.  A.  Judd  

Key  City  Mills  Co  

50  00 

W.  H.  Peabodv  

C.  H.  Merry  

50  00 

C.  C.  Gilman  

First  National  Bank,  Dubuque.  . 

50  00 

J.  N.  Waggoner  

Wm.  L.  Bradley  

50  00 

John  Bell  

Major-Gen.  Herron  

50  00 

P.  C.  Sampson,  Jr  

B.  B.  Provoost  

50  00 

J.  V.  Rider  

A.  Greenwald  

50  00 

Platt  Smith  

II.  L.  Stout  

50  00 

Keller  &  Cornwell  

John  Doud,  Jr  

50  00 

J.  B.  Lane   

G.  B.  Hamilton  

50  00 

M.  S.  Robison  

W.  H.  Rumpf  

50  00 

Julien  House  

John  Jackson  

50  00 

James  Burt   

H.  Jackman  

50  00 

W.  Becker       

Waller  &  Christman  

50  00 

J.  Duncan                    .  . 

C.  H.  Eighmey  

50  00 

C.  J.  Cumings.          .          .    . 

C.  Sadler  

40  00 

Sales  and  other  receipts  

Total.  . 

THE   FAIR  AT  ST.    PAUL. 


283 


by  greater  sacrifices  than  those  made  to  our  fair.'  I  have  been  surprised 
bj  a  great  many  facts  connected  with  its  history.  Neighborhoods  whose 
entire  male  population,  almost,  had  gone  to  the  war,  and  whose  crops  have  to 
be  raised  and  harvested  by  the  females,  have  contributed  largely  to  its  fundJs. 
One  farmer,  who  gave  twenty  dollars,  told  me  that  his  three  boys,  all  he  had, 
were  in  the  army,  and  that  his  wife  would  be  compelled  to  drive  his  reaper 
in  the  harvest-field,  and  his  daughters  assist  in  binding  his  grain  and  in 
securing  his  harvest  Kossuth  County,  two  hundred  miles  in  the  interior, 
gave  more  than  a  dollar  for  every  human  being  residing  within  its  limits." 

But  Iowa  is  not  the  extreme  northwest:  there  is  Minnesota,  the  fairest  of 
the  younger  sisters,  and  late  in  November,  1864,  the  Executive  Committee  of 
the  Minnesota  Branch  of  the  Sanitary  Commission  met  in  the  governor's 
room,  at  St.  Paul.  They  all  declared  themselves  in  favor  of  holding  a 
Soldiers'  Fair  during  the  coming  winter,  in  case  the  co-operation  of  the  Ladies' 
Branch  should  be  obtained.  This  having  been  promised,  the  fair  was  organ- 
ized by  the  appointment  of  the  following  officers : 


President, 
H.  M.  RICK. 

Secretary, 
J.  D.  BROWN. 


Vice-  Pre&iden  t, 
W.  D.  WASHBURXE. 

Treasurer, 
J.  L.  MERIAM. 


Executire  Committee. 


H.  M.  RICE, 

S.  MILLER, 

W.  D.  WASHBURXE, 

CHARLES  SCHEFFER, 

JOHX  A.  PECKHAM, 


GEXTLEMEX. 


G.  W.  PRESCOTT, 
D.  "W.  IXGERSOI.L, 
J.  L.  MERIAM, 
J.  D.  BROWX, 
R.  GOEDOX. 


MRS.  CHAS.  H.  OAKES, 
"     WM.  J.  SMITH, 
"     J.  M.  WIXSLOW, 

"      J.  C.  BCKBAXK, 

"     IT.  THOMPSON, 


MRS.  C.  E.  MAYO, 
"     ISAAC  MARK  LEY, 
"     J.  H.  STEWART, 
"     J.  W.  BASS, 

Miss  LOCKWOOD. 


The  fair,  it  was  decided,  should  open  on  the  8th  of  January,  the  anniver- 
sary of  the  battle  of  New  Orleans.  The  Source  of  the  Mississippi,  doubtless, 
thought  this  a  clever  method  of  showing  its  intenest  in  what  had  transpired,  in 
by -gone  days,  at  the  Mouth.  When  Minnehaha  and  the  Southwest  Pass  sym- 
pathize, secession  is,  of  necessity,  dead  along  the  course  of  the  stream. 

The  8th  of  January  falling  on  Sunday,  the  9th  was  celebrated  instead. 
The  Great  Western  Band  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Pope,  Governor  Miller  and  the 


284 


THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 


Hon  Mr.  Washburne,  the  Kev.  Mr.  Noble,  Senator  Wilkinson,  and  the  Glee 
Club,  took  part  in  the  opening  ceremonies.  To  use  the  terse  language  of  the 
local  chronicle  upon  the  first  night's  experience,  "Mozart  Hall  was  a  jam." 


MINNEJIAUA. 


There  were  few  of  the  attractions  offered  by  the  fairs  in  the  eastern  cities 
that  the  Minnesotians  were  not  able  to  present  as  well.  They  had,  as  has 
been  said,  a  Mozart  Hall ;  they  had  an  art  gallery,  fish  ponds,  a  refreshment 
room,  where  meals  were  served  "in  the  European  style;"  there  was  a  post 
office,  one  hundred  and  fifty  letters  arriving  by  every  mail ;  an  autograph 


ST.   PAUL  RAFFLES  AND  VOTES.  285 

table ;  an  elephant  in  the  third  story ;  a  giant  pig,  weighing  one  hundred 
and  fifty  pounds  when  divested  of  certain  attributes,  such  as  bristles  and 
skin ;  and  two  swords,  to  be  disposed  of  by  the  method  that  New  York  has 
made  immortal.  The  first  was  to  be  presented  to  the  field-officer,  belonging 
to  a  Minnesota  regiment,  who  should  receive  the  greatest  number  of  votes. 
There  were  forty  such  officers  eligible — all  above  the  rank  of  colonel  being 
excluded — and  a  list  of  them  was  posted  near  the  polls.  Governor  Miller 
evinced  the  impartiality  becoming  the  official  who  had  created  these  forty 
candidates,  by  voting  once  apiece  for  them  all.  A  terrific  contest  commenced 
at  the  very  outset  between  the  partisans  of  Colonel  Marshall,  of  the  Seventh 
Minnesota,  and  Lieutenant-Colonel  Uline,  of  the  Second.  The  firemen  of  St. 
Paul  cast  one  hundred  votes  for  the  latter,  a  former  comrade,  extinguishing 
Colonel  Marshall  for  the  time ;  but  he  soon  blazed  forth  again,  as  defiant  as 
ever.  But  the  firemen  kept  on  voting,  and  raised  a  purse  for  their  favorite 
by  canvassing  the  city.  The  people  of  Kedwing  collected  $700,  equivalent 
to  2,800  votes,  and  sent  a  messenger  to  make  the  purchase  in  the  name  of 
Colonel  Ilubbard,  of  the  Fifth ;  but  being  informed  that  even  this  expensive 
expression  of  opinion  would  not  elect  their  candidate,  withheld  it.  The 
Lieutenant-Colonel  won  the  sword. 

The  second  sword  was  to  be  given  to  such  officer  on  General  Sibley's  staff 
as  the  vote  should  designate.  That  mere  merit  might  not  sway  the  voter's 
choice  to  the  exclusion  of  good  looks,  photographs  of  the  gentlemen  were 
placed  where  they  could  not  fail  to  catch  the  voter's  eye. 

The  fair  closed  on  the  fourth  night,  certain  raffles  and  auctions  taking 
place  on  the  fifth  day,  and  the  grand  sanitary  hop  on  the  evening  of  that  day. 
It  was  thought  that  the  piano  raffle  must  be  postponed,  perhaps  indefinitely, 
as  there  were  two  hundred  and  twenty-five  tickets  unsold.  Three  young 
men,  however,  resolved  that  the  sport  should  continue,  purchased  and  paid 
for  the  remaining  chances,  and  then  calmly  awaited  the  result.  Mr.  Beebe,  a 
gentleman  who  had  bought  but  one  ticket,  drew  the  piano. 

Mr.  Fletcher  Williams  was  also  fortunate  in  his  appeals  to  fate,  winning  a 
silk  dress  of  great  price.  After  recording  this  event,  the  local  chronicle  says  : 
"It  is  immaterial,  Fletcher,  whether  they  be  stewed  or  fried."  This  is  a  very 
obscure,  but  we  hope  not  an  improper,  innuendo. 

The  following  were  the  receipts  and  expenditures : 

Total  receipts  from  all  sources $13,596  62 

Deduct  expenses  and  bad  money 4,036  44 

Net  receipts $9,559  18 


286 


THE  TRIBUTE  COOK. 


SCENE  OF  THK   SECOND   CHICAGO   FAIK. 


Early  in  the  year  1865,  the  ladies  of  the  North  western  branch  of  the  Com- 
mission determined  to  hold  a  second  fair  in  Chicago ;  and  though,  before  the 
preparations  were  more  than  half  completed,  the  principal  armed  forces  of  the 
rebellion  had  surrendered,  and  the  country  was  on  the  eve  of  peace,  they  saw 
no  reason  to  relax  their  exertions,  nor  did  they  believe  that  the  need  of  the 
sum  they  hoped  to  raise  was  in  any  degree  diminished.  There  were  still  fifty 
thousand  soldiers  in  the  hospitals ;  regiments  returning  from  great  distances 
would  still  require  assistance  on  the  route  ;  and  the  winding  and  settling  up 
of  the  affairs  of  the  Commission  would  consume  no  small  amount  of  money. 

The  fair  building  proper  was  erected  for  the  occasion,  and  covered  the 
whole  of  Dearborn  Park.  In  this  was  Union  Hall,  not  unlike  Union  Avenue 
of  the  Philadelphia  fair.  Michigan  Avenue  was  inclosed,  the  entire  length  of 
the  park,  and  was  the  scene  of  the  horticultural  department — an  agreeable 
combination  of  grottoes,  groves,  lakes,  hills,  valleys,  waterfalls.  The  Restau- 
rant and  the  New  England  Farm- House  were  established  in  the  Soldiers' 
Rest.  Monitor  Hall  was  the  arena  of  an  iron-clad  fight,  after  the  manner  of 
that  so  well  contested  upon  the  Boston  frog-pond,  of  which  more  hereafter. 
Hard  by  was  "  General  Grant,"  the  mammoth  ox  from  Boston,  dwelling,  as 
was  meet,  in  a  structure  sacred  to  himself.  Bryan  Hall  was  the  Department 


THE   SECOND   CHICAGO   FAIR.  287 

of  Arms  and  Trophies  ;  and  in  the  rear  of  Bryan  Hall  was  an  edifice  put  up 
especially  to  serve  the  purposes  of  a  Gallery  of  Art.  On  the  corner  of  Lake 
Street  and  Wabash  Avenue  stood  the  original,  veritable  Lincoln  Log  Cabin, 
constructed  in  part  by  one  who  was  afterwards  the  sixteenth  President  of  the 
United  States.  The  fair  opened  on  the  appointed  day,  the  30th  of  May,  the 
inaugurating  procession  occupying  thirty  minutes  in  passing  a  given  point. 
Among  the  opening  exercises  was  the  following  hymn,  by  Dr.  0.  W.  Holmes, 
read  by  the  president  of  the  day : 

O  God  !  in  danger's  darkest  hour, 

In  battle's  deadliest  field, 
Thy  name  has  been  our  nation's  tower, 

Thy  truth  her  help  and  shield. 

Our  lips  should  fill  the  earth  with  praise, 

Nor  pay  the  debt  we  owe, 
,        So  high  above  the  songs  we  raise 
The  floods  of  mercy  flow. 

Yet  Thou  wilt  hear  the  prayer  we  speak, 

The  song  of  praise  we  sing, — 
Thy  children,  who  thine  altar  seek, 

Their  grateful  gifts  to  bring. 

Thine  altar  is  the  sufferer's  bed, 

The  home  of  woe  and  pain, 
The  soldier's  turfy  pillow,  red 

With  battle's  crimson  rain. 

No  smoke  of  burning  stains  the  air, 

No  incense-clouds  arise ; 
Thy  peaceful  servants,  Lord,  prepare 

A  bloodless  sacrifice. 

Lo  !  for  our  wounded  brothers'  need 

We  bear  the  wine  and  oil ; 
For  us  they  faint,  for  us  they  bleed, 

For  them  our  gracious  toil. 

O  Father,  bless  the  gifts  we  bring ! 

Cause  Thou  Thy  face  to  shine, 
Till  every  nation  owns  her  King, 

And  all  the  earth  is  Thine! 

• 

The  orator  of  the  day,  Governor  Oglesby,  made  the  following  reference  to 
an  interesting  subject : 

"  To  the  art  of  war  in  all  future  time  is  to  be  added  the  morality  of  organ- 
ized benevolence.  No  civilized  nation  can  again  go  to  war  that  does  not  carry 
to  the  field  its  sanitary  stores.  No  nation  can  succeed  in  war  that  does  not 


288  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

provide,  in  addition  to  well  and  humanely  regulated  hospital  accommodations, 
effective  voluntary  sanitary  assistance.  Our  people  have  done  all  this  in  this 
war,  and  have  done  it  well.  I  believe  the  first  great  combined  co-operative 
effort  was  organized  in  the  Northwest,  and  it  is  fit  and  appropriate  that  here 
it  should  terminate. 

"  The  object  for  which  these  wonderful  labors  have  been  chiefly  performed 
has  substantially  passed  away.  The  war  is  at  an  end ;  the  rebellion  is  over  ; 
the  Union  is  saved,  and  peace  is  almost  generally  established  throughout  the 
country.  The  soldiers  of  liberty,  the  brave,  noble,  scar-worn  soldiers  are 
returning  home,  to  be  citizens  again  and  soldiers  no  longer  ;  and  as  they  file 
through  the  cities,  over  the  mountains,  and  across  the  prairies,  let  the  flag  of 
the  Sanitary  Commission  wave  high  before  them,  and  the  soldiers'  home,  the 
great  heart  of  the  nation,  greet  them  warmly  as  they  come." 

Omitting,  as  we  have  been  compelled  in  many  cases  to  do,  an  enumeration 
of  the  tens  of  thousands  of  objects  contributed,  we  refer  only  to  those  peculiar 
to  the  occasion.  At  a  stall  called  the  "Department  of  the  Commander-in- 
Chief  of  the  American  Eagle,"  was  a  specimen  of  the  somewhat  rapacious  bird 
thus  referred  to.  He  had  been  carried  unscathed  through  the  battles  of  a 
three  years'  campaign  by  the  Eighth  Wisconsin,  and,  by  the  sale  of  his  portrait, 
had  contributed  $15,000  to  the  sanitary  fund  up  to  the  day  the  fair  opened. 
The  Fort  Sumter  Kitten,  born  under  the  rebel  flag,  a  witness  of  the  restoration 
of  the  lawful  standard,  and  a  willing  taker  of  the  oath  of  allegiance,  was  also 
to  be  seen.  Its  money  value  was  not,  of  course,  to  be  compared  with  that 
of  the  Wisconsin  Eagle.  The  mammoth  ox,  "  General  Grant,"  proved  by  his 
experience  since  his  second  christening,  how  very  much  there  may  be  in  a 
name.  As  the  Pride  of  Livingston  County,  at  the  New  York  fair,  he  had 
been  indeed  admired  as  a  superb  specimen  of  a  short-horned  Durham ;  but 
how  much  more  intense  the  adulation  since  he  had  been  a  lieutenant-general ! 
As  the  Pride,  he  was  to  be  seen  for  ten  cents ;  as  the  Commander-in-Chief,  four 
sights  of  him  only  could  be  had  for  a  dollar.  In  this  capacity,  odes  were 
written  to  him,  special  trains  were  required  for  him.  He  was  the  big  prize 
in  monster  raffles,  and  a  barbecue  was  spoken  of  in  which  the  area  of  the 
steaks  he  was  to  furnish  would  only  be  equalled  by  the  depth  and  richness  of 
his  gravy.  From  a  sonnet  in  his  praise  we  take  the  following  majestic  lines  : 

All  hale !  thou  mighty  nnimil,  all  hale ! 
Yon  air  4  thousand  pounds,  and  air  purty  well 
Popporshoned,  thou  tremenjus  boveen  nuggit! 
I  wonder  how  big  vou  was  wen  vou 


GENERAL  GRANT  AND  GENERAL  GRANTS  HORSE.     289 

Was  little,  and  if  your  mother  wud  no  you,  now 
That  you've  grone  so  big  and  thick  and  phat. 
In  orl  proberbillity  you  dunno  you're  enny 
Bigger  than  a  sinorl  karf ;  for  if  you  did, 
You'd  break  down  fences  and  switch  your  tale 
And  move  on  people's  works,  and  hook  and  beller 
And  run  over  fowkes,  thou  orful  beast! 

The  live  stock  department  of  the  fair  was  completed  by  a  horse  and  a  dog, 
the  former  a  Unionist,  the  latter  a  rebel  ;  General  Grant's  horse,  Jack,  "  well 
known  in  the  Western  armies,  a  fine  saddle-horse,  very  gentle  in  harness,  but 
requiring  whip  and  spur."  General  Grant  had  ridden  this  animal  from  the 
time  of  leaving  Springfield,  on  the  3d  of  July,  1861,  till  called  east,  in  March, 
1864.  The  dog  was  a  ferocious  bloodhound,  and  had  been  used  by  the  prison 
authorities  of  Richmond  for  a  purpose  which,  for  decency's  sake,  shall  not  be 
mentioned  in  these  pages. 

The  machinery  on  exhibition  was  almost  infinite  in  variety — even  without 
the  efficient  little  engines  which,  having  been  mentioned  once,  can  have  no 
second  notice.  There  was  a  mill  that  ground  every  thing  that  was  placed  in 
the  hopper,  and  would  turn  out  family  flour,  Indian  meal,  pepper,  coffee,  nut- 
meg even,  for  those  who  preferred  the  process  of  grinding  to  that  of  grating.  It 
ground,  crushed,  cut,  cracked,  shelled,  bolted ;  it  could  be  worked  by  horses, 
by  steam,  by  wind,  by  water;  it  did  not  get  out  of  order,  or,  if  it  did,  could 
easily  be  mended.  Then  there  was  a  barrel-machine,  which,  taking  the  staves 
as  furnished  by  the  saw-mill,  pointed  the  edges,  dressed  the  surface  of  the 
heads,  put  the  various  parts  together,  and  finally  drove  on  the  hoops.  The 
barrels  thus  made  could  be  filled  with  flour,  meal,  or  coffee,  as  above.  There 
was  a  newly  invented  water-indicator,  with  a  steam  alarm,  signifying  high  or 
low  water,  and  preventing  explosion ;  a  pendulum  saw,  for  executing  orna- 
mental wood-work  ,  a  patent  hay -loader — an  apparatus  which  would  follow 
the  haymakers  into  a  field,  and  load  a  ton  from  the  winrow  in  five  minutes. 
There  were  washing-machines,  squeezing,  rolling-machines ;  indeed,  the  visitors 
to  the  West  Wing  felt  that  so  much  could  now  be  done  by  turning  a  faucet 
or  starting  a  crank,  that  the  steam  negro — that  great  desideratum — had  at  last 
been  invented ;  the  mechanical  drudge  had  been  patented,  and  was  for  sale. 
Help  could  be  had  without  impertinence;  there  could  be  no  disagreement 
about  wages.  There  need  be  no  fear  of  receiving  a  warning,  or  being  an- 
swered back.  The  field  and  the  mill  were  provided  for ;  when  would  it  be 
the  kitchen's  turn  ? 

The  success  of  the  ladies  of  the  New  England  Farm-House  may  be  inferred 

19 


290 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


from  a  circular  issued  by  them  soon  after  the  commencement  of  operations. 
Their  stock  had  given  out,  and  they  called  for  further  supplies.  The  follow- 
ing is  a  brief  list  of  the  articles  thus  modestly  demanded  : 

Wheat  and  rye  flour,  Indian  .meal,  pork,  beans,  hams,  tongues,  poultry, 
corned  beef,  veal,  mutton,  &c.  ;  dried  pumpkins,  dried  fruits,  pie-plant,  vege- 
tables of  all  kinds,  sage,  summer  savory,  pop-corn,  hulled  corn,  hominy,  sor- 
ghum, maple  sugar  and  syrup,  butter,  cheese,  eggs,  milk,  tea,  coffee,  sugar, 
cider,  vinegar,  pickles,  apple  butter,  cider  apple  sauce,  chocolate,  lard,  rice, 
punch-bowls,  gourds,  skillets,  candles,  candlesticks,  snuffers  and  trays,  and- 
irons, Dutch  ovens,  mirrors,  pictures,  samplers,  tables,  curtains,  towelling,  table 
linen,  wooden  plates,  knives,  forks,  spoons,  trenchers,  milk-pans,  warming- 
pans,  frying-pans,  tea  and  coffee-pots,  nipperkins,  porringers,  stew  and  bake 
kettles,  bean-pots,  iron  bread-pans,  chip  baskets,  flax,  wool,  meat-choppers, 
chopping-bowls,  pie-plates,  chairs,  crockery  of  all  kinds,  old-fashioned  glass 
and  silver  ware,  peacock  feathers,  bellows,  old-fashioned  clothing  of  all 
descriptions. 

The  destination  of  several  swords,  pistols,  &c.,  was  decided  by  vote  at 
Chicago  as  elsewhere ;  but  the  idea  was  modified  in  one  case,  so  that  the  vote 
should  designate  not  who  SHOULD,  but  who  WAS  ;  that  it  should  indicate  not 
only  u  preference,  but  an  opinion.  Who  was  the  prettiest  girl  in  Chicago? 
The  authority  from  which  there  is  no  appeal  has  decided  this  question  in  favor 
of  Miss  Anna  L.  Wilson  ;  and  we  desire  to  put  publicly  on  record  our  sense 
of  the  incompleteness,  the  unworthiness  of  this  book,  which,  with  one  hundred 
and  fifty  pictures,  does  not  contain  that  of  the  Beauty  of  the  West. 

The  sanitary  raffle  underwent  a  change  in  Chicago,  as  did  the  sanitary 
vote.  The  tickets  were  put  into  the  wheel,  but  it  was  not  always  the  first 
number  drawn  which  won.  On  the  contrary,  it  was  the  last,  in  certain  cases  ; 
the  object  being  to  augment  the  interest,  and  thus  perhaps  stimulate  the  pur- 
chase of  tickets  in  other  raffles.  A  salamander,  burglar-proof,  polar  safe  was 
thus  disposed  of.  There  were  two  hundred  tickets  at  $5  each,  and  the  safest 
was  the  two  hundredth. 

But  why  attempt  to  enumerate  the  numberless,  or  to  begin  what  we  can- 
not end,  the  infinite  ?  We  may  not  name  the  items,  but  we  may  at  least 
speak  in  flattering  terms  of  the  magnificent  whole.  Aggregates  carry  heavier 
metal,  and  produce  a  profounder  impression  than  the  component  parts,  be  their 
number  what  it  may.  Atoms,  invisible,  inappreciable  in  themselves,  have 
each  their  own  value  in  the  lump. 

The  total  receipts,  therefore,  of  the  fair  were  over  $325,000,  leaving  about 


FAREWELL   OF  THE  SANITARY   COMMISSION.  291 

$300,000  after  the  expenses  were  paid.  This  was  not  as  much  as  had  been 
expected  ;  but  it  was  inevitable  that  the  close  of  the  war  should  diminish  botli 
the  interest  felt  in  and  the  effort  made  for  the  success  of  the  enterprise.  Chi- 

u 

cago  was  the  scene  of  the  first  and  the  last  of  the  great  sanitary  fairs ;  the 
cycle  had  been  completed,  and  the  Samaritan  had  twice  set  up  his  tent  in  the 
same  great  city.  There  were  no  Confederate  States  when  the  curtain  was 
dropped,  and  peace  reigned  throughout  the  land  when  the  auctioneer  laid 
down  his  hammer.  The  last  ticket  sold  was  a  walking-ticket — and  we  all 
know  who  walked  ;  a  ticket  of  leave — and  no  one  need  ask  who  left. 

A  fair — not  one  of  the  series  which  has  thus  far  been  our  theme,  but  a 
distinct  effort,  with  a  special  object — was  held  in  Milwaukee  in  June  and  July, 
1865.  The  purpose  was  to  obtain  the  necessary  funds  for  building  and  en- 
dowing a  soldiers'  home  for  the  State  of  Wisconsin,  and,  in  its  proper  place, 
we  shall  make  record  of  its  success. 

In  July,  the  officers  of  the  Sanitary  Commission  issued  a  farewell  circular 
to  its  branches  and  aid  societies,  from  which  we  take  the  following  passages : 

"  Your  volunteer  work  has  had  all  the  regularity  of  paid  labor.  In  a 
sense  of  responsibility,  in  system,  in  patient  persistency,  in  attention  to  weari- 
some details,  in  a  victory  over  the  fickleness  which  commonly  besets  the 
work  of  volunteers,  you  have  rivalled  the  discipline,  the  patience  and  cour- 
age, of  soldiers  in  the  field — soldiers  enlisted  for  the  war.  Nor  do  we  suppose 
that  you,  who  have  controlled  and  inspired  our  branches,  and  with  whom  it 
has  been  our  happiness  to  be  brought  into  personal  contact,  are,  because  act- 
ing in  a  larger  sphere,  more  worthy  of  our  thanks  and  respect  than  the  women 
who  have  maintained  our  village  soldiers'  aid  societies.  Through  you  we 
have  heard  the  same  glowing  and  tear-moving  tales  of  the  sacrifices  made  by 
humble  homes  and  hands  in  behalf  of  our  work,  which  "we  so  often  hear  from 
their  comrades  of  privates  in  the  field,  who,  throughout  the  war,  have  ofter 
won  the  laurels  their  officers  have  worn,  and  have  been  animated  by  motives 
of  pure  patriotism,  unmixed  with  hope  of  promotion,  or  desire  for  recognition 
or  praise,  to  give  their  blood  and  their  lives  for  the  country  of  their  hearts. 

"  To  you  and  through  you  to  the  soldiers'  aid  societies,  and  through  them 
to  each  and  every  contributor  to  our  supplies,  to  every  woman  who  has  sowed 
a  seam  or  knitted  a  stocking  in  the  service  of  the  Sanitary  Commission,  we 
now  return  our  most  sincere  and  hearty  thanks — thanks  which  are  not  ours 
only,  but  those  of  the  camps,  the  hospitals,  the  transports,  the  prisons,  the 
pickets,  and  the  lines,  where  your  love  and  labor  have  sent  comfort,  protec- 
tion3  relief,  and  sometimes  life  itself.  It  is  not  too  much  to  say,  that  the 


292 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


army  of  women  at  home  lias  fully  matched,  in  patriotism  and  sacrifices,  the 
army  of  men  in  the  field.  The  mothers,  sisters,  wives  and  daughters  of 
America  have  been  worthy  of  the  sons  and  brothers,  husbands  and  fathers, 
who  were  fighting  their  battles.  After  having  contributed  their  living  treas- 
ures to  the  war,  what  wonder  that  they  sent  so  freely  after  them  all  else  that 
they  had  ?  And  this  precious  sympathy  between  the  fire-sides  and  the  camp- 
fires,  between  the  bayonet  and  the  needle,  the  tanned  cheek  and  the  pale  face, 
has  kept  the  nation  one  ;  has  carried  the  homes  into  the  ranks,  and  kept  the 
ranks  in  the  homes,  until  a  sentiment  of  oneness,  of  irresistible  unanimity, 
in  which  domestic  and  social,  civil  and  religious,  political  and  military  ele- 
ments entered,  qualifying,  strengthening,  enriching  and  sanctifying  all,  has  at 
last  conquered  all  obstacles,  and  given  us  an  overwhelming,  a  profound,  and  a 
permanent  victory. 

"  It  has  been  our  precious  privilege  to  be  your  almoners,  to  manage  and 
distribute  the  stores  you  have  created  and  given  us  for  the  soldiers  and 
sailors.  We  have  tried  to  do  our  duty  impartially,  diligently,  wisely.  For 
the  means  of  carrying  on  this  vast  work,  which  has  grown  up  in  our  hands, 
keeping  pace  with  the  growing  immensity  of  the  war,  and  which  we  are  now 
about  to  lay  down,  after  giving  the  American  public  an  account  of  our  stew- 
ardship, we  are  chiefly  indebted  to  the  money  created  by  the  fairs  which 
American  women  inaugurated  and  conducted,  and  to  the  supplies  collected  by 
you  under  our  organization.  To  you,  then,  is  finally  due  the  largest  part  of 
whatever  gratitude  belongs  to  the  Sanitary  Commission.  It  is  as  it  should  be. 
The  soldier  will  return  to  his  home  to  thank  his  wife,  mother,  sister,  daugh- 
ter, for  so  tenderly  looking  after  him  in  camp  and  field,  in  hospital  and  prison. 
And  thus  it  will  be  seen  that  it  is  the  homes  of  the  country  which  have 
wrought  out  this  great  salvation,  and  that  the  men  and  women  of  America 
have  an  equal  part  in  its  glory  and  its  joy.  Invoking  the  blessings  of  God 
upon  you  all,  we  are,  gratefully  and  proudly,  your  fellow-laborers,  &c.,  &c." 

We  have  done,  therefore,  with  the  Sanitary  Commission ;  we  have  shown, 
at  length,  how  its  means  were  obtained,  and,  in  brief,  how  they  were  ex- 
pended. Now  we  cross  the  Mississippi  River,  leaving  the  presidency  of  Dr. 
Bellows  for  that  of  Mr.  Yeatman.  We  are  under  the  hospital  flag  of  the 
Western  Sanitary  Commission. 


CHAPTER   VII. 


EFORE  adequate  preparation  had  been  made  for  such  a 
contingency  west  of  the  Mississippi,  the  war  broke  out 
suddenly  in  Missouri.  The  organization  of  the  Western 
Sanitary  Commission,  as  a  body  totally  distinct  from 
and  independent  of  the  United  States  Sanitary  Commis- 
sion, was  rendered  necessary  by  this  fact,  and  by  the 
severity  of  the  battles  fought  there  in  the  summer  and  fall  of  1861.  The 
bloody  engagements  of  Booneville,  Dug  Spring,  Carthage,  and  Wilson's  Creek 
occurred  before  measures  had  been  taken  to  care  for  the  sick  and  wounded 
in  any  portion  of  the  state.  The  men  were  brought  in  ambulances  and 
wagons  from  the  field  to  Holla,  and  thence  by  rail  to  St.  Louis.  The  first 
hundred  were  taken  to  the  "New  House  of  Refuge  Hospital,"  where  bare 


294 


THE  TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


walls,  damp  floors,  and  an  empty  kitchen  received  them.  Cooked  food  was, 
after  some  delay,  obtained  from  the  neighbors,  and  every  thing  was  done  that 
the  means  at  hand  permitted.  Long  trains  of  wounded  men  continued  to  ar- 
rive, many  of  them  wearing  the  clothes  in  which  they  had  been  stricken  clown 
three  weeks  before,  others  suffering  from  unextracted  bullets.  There  was  no 
room  for  them  in  the  hospitals,  there  was  no  clothing  to  substitute  for  their 
blood-stained  garments,  there  were  no  convenient  stores  of  food  and  medicine, 
there  was  no  surgical  corps,  no  preparation  in  any  department,  so  unexpected 
was  the  call.  It  was  at  this  juncture  that  the  Western  Sanitary  Commission 
sprang  into  existence,  its  first  labors  being  spontaneous,  and  almost  without 
concert. 

On  the  5th  of  September  General  Fremont,  then  in  St.  Louis,  issued  an 
order  creating  the  commission,  and  appointing  its  officers.  Its  duties  were 
thus  defined :  "  Its  general  object  shall  be  to  carry  out,  under  the  properly 
constituted  military  authorities,  such  sanitary  regulations  and  reforms  as  the 
well-being  of  the  soldiers  demands.  It  shall  have  power  to  select,  fit  up,  and 
furnish  suitable  buildings  for  hospitals.  It  shall  attend  to  the  appointment 
of  women  nurses,  under  the  direction  of  Miss  D.  L.  Dix.  It  shall  have 
authority  to  visit  the  different  camps,  and  to  aid  the  officers  in  providing 
proper  means  for  the  preservation  of  health  and  prevention  of  sickness,  by 
supplying  wholesome  and  well-cooked  food,  and  by  introducing  a  good  system 
of  drainage.  It  will  obtain  from  the  community  at  large  such  additional 
means  of  increasing  the  comfort,  and  promoting  the  moral  and  social  welfare 
of  the  men,  as  cannot  be  furnished  by  government  regulations. 

"  This  commission  is  not  intended  to  interfere  in  any  way  with  the  medical 
staff,  but  to  co-operate  with  it.  It  will  consist,  for  the  present,  of  James  E. 
Yeatman,  C.  S.  Greeley,  J.  B.  Johnson,  M.  D.,  George  Partridge,  and  the  Eev. 
Wm.  G.  Eliot,  D..D." 

Thus  constituted,  the  Western  Sanitary  Commission  commenced  its  labors, 
the  first  work  being  the  fitting  up,  in  St.  Louis,  of  a  large  five-story  building 
as  a  "General  Hospital,"  which  was  rapidly  filled  with  patients.  The  siege 
of  Lexington  and  the  pursuit  of  Price  threw  many  more  wounded  men  upon 
the  St.  Louis  authorities,  and  five  more  hospitals  were  at  once  made  ready  for 
their  accommodation.  The  first  hospital  ears  used  in  America,  with  berths, 
nurses,  cocL-'ag  facilities,  &c.,  were  built,  at  this  period,  by  order  of  General 
Fremont. 

The  proportions  now  assumed  by  the  war  in  the  west  naturally  augmented 
the  labors  and  enlarged  the  sphere  of  action  of  the  commission.  Late  in 


THE   WESTERN  SANITARY   COMMISSION.  295 

December.  20,000  troops  were  encamped  at  Benton  Barracks,  and  ten  men  in 
every  hundred  were  sick  with  measles,  typhoid  fever,  or  diarrhoea.  The 
camps  at  Holla,  Tipton,  Sedalia,  and  Jefferson  City,  were  in  a  condition  even 
worse.  The  tents  were  badly  ventilated,  the  hospitals  crowded,  the  soldiers 
inexperienced,  not  yet  inured  to  hardship,  and  careless  of  all  sanitary  and 
police  regulations.  The  army  medical  supply  table  was  found  utterly  inade- 
quate, and  the  calls  upon  the  commission  for  medicines,  for  clothing,  and 
delicate  food  for  the  sick,  were  incessant.  Large  issues  were  made  of  blankets, 
sheets,  pillows,  slippers,  socks,  wrappers,  shirts,  drawers,  bandages,  lint,  canned 
fruit,  jellies,  stimulants,  &c.,  &c.  At  the  beginning  of  the  new  year,  four 
months  after  the  organization  of  the  commission,  it  had  received,  from  the 
public  at  large,  over  525  boxes  of  goods,  and  distributed  15,000  articles. 

The  women  of  St.  Louis  were,  like  their  countrywomen  everywhere,  fore- 
most in  the  charitable  labor  of  ministering  to  the  sick.  "They  met  daily,"  to 
quote  a  history  of  the  commission,  "at  the  rooms  of  the  'Ladies'  Union  Aid' 
and  of  the  'Fremont  Belief  societies,  cut  out  hospital  garments,  gave  employ- 
ment and  assistance  to  soldiers'  wives,  visited  the  sick,  read  to  the  soldiers 
from  the  good  book,  conversed  at  their  bedsides,  gave  them  consolation  and 
sympathy."  Two  sisters  from  Philadelphia  are  mentioned,  who  spent  the 
whole  winter  in  these  ministrations  of  love.  These  ladies  were  not  always 
rewarded  by  thanks  alone,  nor  were  these  always  offered  in  prose.  Witness 
the  following  lines: 

"  From  old  Saint  Paul  till  now, 
Of  honorable  women  not  a  few 
Have  left  their  golden  ease  to  do 
The  saintly  work  which  Christ-like  hearts  pursue. 

***** 
When  peace  shall  come,  and  homes  shall  smile  again, 
A  thousand  soldier-hearts  in  northern  climes 
Shall  tell  their  little  children,  in  their  rhymes, 
Of  the  sweet  saints  who  blessed  the  old  war  times." 

A  suggestion  having  been  made  to  the  commission  that  a  steamboat 
might  be  fitted  up  and  used  to  advantage  as  a  hospital,  the  idea  was  acted  upon 
in  March,  the  government  chartering  the  "City  of  Louisiana,"  and  furnishing 
her  with  bedding,  the  commission  completing  her  outfit  at  an  expense  of 
$3,000,  and  providing  the  assistant  surgeons,  the  apothecary,  the  nurses,  and 
the  sanitary  stores.  This  boat  conveyed  nearly  3,500  patients  from  the 
battle-field  of  Pittsburgh  Landing  to  northern  hospitals,  and  was,  soon  after, 
purchased  by  the  government  and  remodelled  for  a  permanent  floating 


296 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


hospital.  Her  name  was  changed  to  the  "  R.  C.  Ward,"  in  honor  of  the  Assistant 
Surgeon-General,  the  first  regular  army  surgeon  to  give  his  approval  to  the 
plan  of  a  Sanitary  Commission.  The  immense  service  rendered  by  this  boat 
led  to  the  fitting  out  of  many  others,  and  the  wounded  soldier  can  nowhere 
obtain  better  accommodation  than  on  board  of  a  hospital  steamer.  It  has  all 


MISSISSIPPI   RIVER   HOSPITAL   STEAMER. 


the  appliances  of  a  hospital  on  shore,  with  much  better  ventilation ;  and  in 
the  heat  of  summer,  when  there  is  no  wind,  it  can  create  a  breeze  for  itself  by 
simply  setting  its  paddles  in  motion ;  and  by  constantly  changing  the  scene, 
and  giving  its  inmates  a  view  of  the  rapidly  shifting  river  or  harbor  scenery, 
occupy  their  minds,  and  perhaps  chase  away  a  portion  of  their  pains. 

The  terrible  battle  of  Pea  Eidge  found  the  supplies  of  the  commission 
ready  and  waiting.  What  would  have  been  the  suffering  without  them,  in  a 
country  thinly  settled,  the  few  inhabitants  dwelling  in  log  huts  and  barely 
possessing  the  necessaries  of  life,  can  hardly  be  imagined.  A  thousand 
badly  wounded  men  of  the  Union  army  and  seven  hundred  of  the  rebels 
were  cared  for,  and  even  fed,  by  the  commission.  "Among  the  incidents  of 
the  battle  worthy  of  mention  were  the  labors  of  Mrs.  Phelps,  who  had  accom- 
panied her  husband,  Colonel  John  S.  Phelps,  with  his  regiment,  to  the  field. 
While  the  battle  was  yet  raging,  this  heroic  woman  assisted  in  the  care  of 
the  wounded ;  tore  up  her  garments  for  bandages,  dressed  their  wounds, 
made  broth  for  them  with  her  own  hands,  remaining  with  them  as  long  as 
there  was  any  thing  to  do,  and  giving,  not  only  words,  but  deeds  as  well,  of 


SOLDIERS'   HOMES.  297 

substantial  kindness  and  sympathy.  Wherever  the  cause  of  bur  National 
Union  and  its  perils  shall  be  known,  '  this  that  this  woman  hath  done  shall 
be  remembered  as  a  memorial  of  her.' " 

Early  in  March,  1862,  the  commission  established  a  Soldiers'  Home  for 
discharged  and  furloughed  soldiers  passing  through  the  city,  giving  them 
food  and  lodging  gratuitously,  saving  them  from  extortion  and  the  dangerous 
associations  of  the  cheap  lodging-houses.  During  its  two  first  years  it  enter- 
tained twenty-one  thousand  soldiers,  furnishing  them  eighty-six  thousand 
meals ;  the  expense  to  the  commission  was  about  $3,000  a  year,  the  govern- 
ment giving  about  $2,000  worth  of  rations  and  fuel  besides.  In  the  holiday 
season  chickens  and  turkeys  were  added  to  the  usual  bill  of  fare ;  this,  how- 
ever, included,  at  all  seasons,  butter,  vegetables,  milk,  dried  and  canned  fruits, 
and  tomatoes.  Books,  newspapers,  and  religious  reading  were  provided,  thus 
often  preventing  the  men  from  roaming  through  the  city  in  search  of  amuse- 
ment or  adventure.  Miss  A.  L.  Ostram  was,  for  a  time,  matron  of  the  Home, 
but  was  afterwards  transferred  to  the  large  establishment  at  Memphis. 

Upon  the  subject  of  Soldiers'  Homes,  Mr.  Peabody,  the  superintendent 
of  that  of  St  Louis,  makes  the  following  remarks:  "They  have  contributed 
not  a  little  to  saving  men  to  the  service,  as  well  as  rescuing  them  from  death. 
In  prosecuting  their  wars,  the  ancients  had  no  hospital  trains  or  medical  staff 
in  attendance  on  their  armies.  The  sick  and  wounded  were  left  behind  to  die. 
In  these  times,  and  in  our  unhappy  struggle,  the  soldiers  are  tenderly  cared 
for,  not  only  by  the  medical  department  of  the  army,  but  by  thousands  of 
patriotic  hands,  working  systematically,  through  thoroughly  organized  chan- 
nels, which  often  reach  far  beyond  the  routine  of  the  service.  The  future 
historian  will  be  able  to  show  that  the  very  small  per  cent  of  loss  in  our 
armies,  as  compared  with  that  in  modern  European  wars,  is  to  be  attributed 
largely  to  what  the  people  themselves  have  done  through  organized  voluntary 
labors  in  behalf  of  the  troops." 

In  April,  1862,  the  commission  oifered  a  series  of  rewards,  to  be  paid  in 
gold,  in  order  to  stimulate  emulation  among  the  stewards,  ward-masters,  and 
nurses  in  the  hospitals:  twenty-five  dollars  to  the  steward  of  the  best  kept  of 
the  larger  institutions,  fifteen  dollars  to  the  smaller;  ten  and  eight  dollars  for 
cleanliness  in  the  wards,  and  twenty-five  and  fifteen  dollars  for  good,  whole- 
some work  in  the  kitchen.  The  result  of  this  experiment  was  highlv  satisfac- 
tory, $245  being  distributed  among  some  thirty-five  persons  in  July. 

The  sanguinary  battle  of  Shiloh  was  fought  in  April,  and  the  labors  of  the 
commission  and  the  drain  upon  its  resources  were  largely  augmented.  Still 


298 


THE   TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


every  appeal  was  answered,  and  during  the  first  eight  months  of  its  existence 
the  commission  had  received  nine  hundred  and  eighty -five  cases  of  goods 
from  eighteen  states :  Massachusetts  sending  two  hundred  and  twenty-three, 
Illinois  one  hundred  and  thirty-two,  Wisconsin  seventy-four,  Eh  ode  Island 
sixty-nine,  Pennsylvania  sixty-three,  Missouri  sixty-one,  &c.  The  articles 
distributed  numbered  nearly  two  hundred  thousand. 


8OLTIKR8'   HOME   AT   MEMPHIS. 


A  Home  was  opened  in  Memphis  early  in  1863.  The  large  edifice  for- 
merly known  as  the  Hunt  Mansion,  and  belonging  to  a  wealthy  planter,  who 
was  at  this  time  a  colonel  in  the  rebel  army,  was  taken  for  the  purpose. 
Wm.  E.  Hunt  had  spent  $40,000  in  building  and  ornamenting  the  house  and 
grounds,  little  dreaming  to  what  object  he  was  so  generously  contributing. 
It  had  at  first  been  Gen.  Grant's  head-quarters,  and  afterwards  those  of  Gen. 
Hamilton,  who  turned  it  over  to  the  commission,  as  confiscated  property. 
The  Memphis  Home  speedily  became  one  of  the  most  perfect  establishments 
of  the  kind  in  the  country.  Besides  the  regular  guests,  the  wives,  mothers, 
and  sisters  of  the  sick  and  wounded  soldiers  were  often  entertained,  and  mem- 
bers of  the  Christian  Commission  welcomed  to  its  hospitality. 

The  attention  of  the  "Western  Commission  had  been  called,  in  December, 
1862,  to  the  situation  of  the  freedmen  at  Helena.  Three  or  four  thousand  of 


THE   WESTERN  COMMISSION   AND   THE   FREEDMEN.  299 

them,  men,  women,  and  children,  were  huddled  together  in  cast-off  army 
tents,  in  caves  and  huts  of  brush,  in  a  spot  in  the  rear  of  the  town  called  Camp 
Ethiopia.  The  men  had  worked  upon  the  fortifications,  had  been  employed 
as  stevedores,  teamsters,  wood-choppers,  and  grave-diggers,  but  proper  pay- 
rolls had  not  been  kept  and  they  had  received  no  compensation.  Some  who 
had  ventured  to  ask  for  it  had  been  ruthlessly  shot.  In  January,  1863,  the 
commission  sent  Miss  Maria  Mann  to  their  relief,  with  stoves,  furniture,  hos- 
pital stores,  clothing,  &c.  Their  sufferings  were  thus  somewhat  mitigated, 
and  soon  afterwards  the  policy  of  the  government  toward  them  was  changed. 
The  able  bodied  among  them  were  organized  into  regiments,  and  army 
surgeons  were  detailed  to  attend  them.  Camp  Ethiopia  furnished  the  First 
Arkansas  Colored  Infantry,  and  excellent  fighting  material  was  subsequently 
obtained  in  similar  congregations  of  emancipated  slaves. 

Mr.  Yeatman,  the  President  of  the  Commission,  made  a  journey  down  the 
Mississippi  Eiver,  to  ascertain  and  to  report  upon  the  condition  of  the  freed- 
men  there,  thinking  that  it  might  be  well  to  assume  the  labor  of  relieving 
them  as  an  incidental  portion  of  his  work.  The  journey  was  made  and  the 
report  published.  Mr.  Yeatmau  found  forty  thousand  enfranchised  slaves 
assembled  in  camps,  in  various  degrees  of  poverty  and  misery.  Missionaries 
and  teachers  were  among  them  doing  some  good,  but  laboring  without  system 
or  co-operation.  The  freedmen  were  working  for  the  government  virtually 
without  pay,  and  were  wronged  and  imposed  upon  in  every  way ;  they  were 
worse  off  than  in  slavery,  feeling  that  they  had  merely  exchanged  one  master 
for  many  masters.  The  publicity  given  to  these  terrible  facts  in  Mr  Yeatman's 
report  riveted  public  attention,  and  before  long  National  Freedmen's  Eelief 
Associations  were  formed  in  New  York,  Chicago,  Cincinnati,  and  Indianapolis, 
and  relations  were  at  once  established  between  the  commission  and  them — 
Mr.  Yeatman  and  his  colleagues  becoming  the  almoners  of  a  portion  of  their 
bounty.  We  shall  speak  of  these  societies  in  the  proper  place.  It  is  proper  to 
say  that,  at  the  commencement  of  the  attempts  to  relieve  the  freedmen,  Chap- 
lain Fisher  was  detailed  by  Gen.  Schofield,  who  had  succeeded  Gen.  Fre- 
mont, to  visit  New  England,  to  state  the  case,  and  make  an  appeal  for  aid. 
He  went,  spoke,  and  was  heard.  He  returned  with  $30,000  worth  of  shoes, 
clothing,  and  clothing  materials,  and  $13,000  in  money,  obtained  in  Boston, 
Salem,  and  the  neighboring  towns. 

In  regard  to  the  funds  upon  which  the  Western  Commission  has  drawn 
there  are  many  curious  facts,  and  some  of  them  are  pointedly  stated  in  the 
North  American  Review,  from  which  we  make  the  following  extract : 


300  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

"  In  one  respect — we  mean  tlie  sources  of  receipts  and  the  manner  of  their 
collection — the  experience  of  the  Western  Sanitary  Commission  has  been 
remarkable,  if  not  peculiar.  It  sprang  from  sudden  exigency  for  relief  of 
suffering,  without  opportunity  to  count  the  cost  either  of  labor  or  money 
involved.  At  its  first  meeting  its  members,  a  half-dozen  in  number,  agreed  to 
advance  the  small  amount  needed  for  office  expenses,  and  to  do  without  a 
clerk.  They  put  notices  in  the  St.  Louis  papers  asking  contributions,  and 
sent  a  few  lines  to  the  Boston  Transcript,  requesting  New  England  women  to 
send  'knit  woolen  socks.'  Similar  notices  or  appeals  have  been  published 
from  time  to  time,  about  once  in  six  months,  ever  since.  This  has  been  the 
whole  machinery  of  collection  from  first  to  last.  There  have  been  no  auxiliary 
societies,  no  collections,  no  systematic  means  of  replenishing  the  treasury 
whatever.  Once,  however,  in  Boston,  in  January,  1863,  a  number  of  gen- 
tlemen took  the  matter  in  hand,  and  in  a  fortnight's  time  $35.000  was  paid 
to  Richard  C.  Greenleaf,  who  acted  as  Treasurer,  and  was  forwarded  to  St. 
Louis. 

"A  similar  action  was  also  recently  taken  in  St.  Louis,  and  during  the 
'frozen  week'  of  last  January,  with  the  thermometer  ranging  from  twenty 
degrees  below  zero  to  two  degrees  above,  the  sum  of  nearly  $30,000  was 
collected.  For  the  rest,  whatever  has  come  has  been  obtained  by  strictly 
individual  action,  without  concert  or  definite  plan.  Perhaps  one  further 
exception  should  be  made  of  a  New  England  lady,*  who  in  the  beginning  of 
the  war,  set  apart  a  room  in  her  house  as  the  '  Missouri  Boom,'  and,  letting  all 
her  friends  know  of  this  convenient  method  of  sending  articles  to  St.  Louis  as 
fast  as  boxes  could  be  filled  up,  she  has  received  and  forwarded  goods  to  the 
amount  of  $17,000,  and  in  cash  nearly  as  much  more.  Beyond  this  the  com- 
mission at  St.  Louis  knows  nothing  of  the  modus  operandi,  or  the  moving 
causes,  to  which  it  is  indebted  for  the  continued,  uninterrupted  stream  of  gifts 
by  which  its  warehouses  have  been  kept  full  and  its  treasury  replenished. 
It  has  been  a  spontaneous  and  self-directing  movement.  No  better  proof 
could  be  given  of  the  closeness  of  the  ties  which  bind  our  people  together 
than  this  cordial  sympathy  and  almost  unsolicited  generosity,  which  make  for 
themselves  channels  to  flow  in,  and  only  ask  that  their  gifts  may  be  freely 
used.  Boston  alone  has  sent  over  $200,000 ;  New  England,  $500,000.  The 
golden  rule,  to  do  as  you  would  be  done  by,  thus  practised,  will  bind  the  East 
and  "West  together  in  bonds  that  no  secession  or  rebellion  will  ever  disturb 

cu 

again.     At  this  moment  no  two  cities  are  nearer  each  other  than  St.  Louis 
and  Boston ;  no  two  states,  than  Missouri  and  Massachusetts." 

*  Mrs.  Thomas  Lamb. 


A   BOSTON   SUBSCRIPTION  LIST. 


301 


We  give  the  list  of  Boston  subscribers  to  the  St.  Louis  Commission  as  a 
specimen  of  a  class  of  contributions  to  which  we  have  as  yet  hardly  referred. 
The  donors  were  perfectly  aware,  at  the  time  of  signing  their  names,  that  not 
one  dollar  of  their  money,  not  one  comfort  purchased  with  it, L  would  ever 
reach  a  Massachusetts  or  New  England  soldier,  and  in  this  lay  the  exceptional 
nature  of  the  fund.  It  contrasts  violently  with  sentiments  entertained  else- 
where, which  have  been  mentioned — with  the  resolution  passed  at  Mossville, 
for  instance,  "that  Mossville  money  should  reach  Mossville  soldiers.''  The 
Boston-St.  Louis  list  is  as  follows : 

SUBSCRIPTIONS  TO   THE   WESTERN   SANITARY   COMMISSION, 
BOSTON,   1862-63. 

.   $1.000  00 


J.  C.  Howe  &  Co 

Gov.  Andrew  (from  private  funds 

placed  in  his  hands) 1,000  00 

Mrs.  N.  I.  Bowditch 1,000  00 

Win.  Srurgis 800  00 

C.  F.  Hovey  &  Co 500  00 

J.  M.  Forbes 500  00 

J.  M.  Beebe  &  Co 500  00 

Gardner  Colby 500  00 

Daniel  Denny 500  00 

Nay  lor  &  Co 500  00 

Nathaniel  Thayer 500  00 

David  Sears 500  00 

F.  Skinner  &  Co 500  00 

Nathaniel  Francis 300  00 

Moses  Williams 300  00 

Oakes,  Ames  &  Son 300  00 

lasigi,  Goddard  &  Co 300  00 

James  Lawrence 250  00 

P.  C.  Brooks 250  00 

Martin  Brimmer 250  00 

Faulkner,  Kimball  &  Co 250  00 

J.  L.  Little  &  Co 250  CO 

Jordan,  Marsh  &  Co 250  00 

Joel  Hayden 250  00 

Hon.  Samuel  Hooper 250  00 

H.  P.  Kidder 250  00 

G.  Rowland  Shaw ..-.•'  250  00 

Albert  Fearing 250  00 

I).  N.  Spooner 200  00 

J.  Huntington  Wolcott .?  J  200  00 

Win.  Amory 200  00 

J.  L.  Gardner 200  00 

W.  Ropes  &  Co 200  00 

Gardner  Brewer 200  00 

Sprague,  Soule  &  Co 200  00 


George  Howe $200  CO 

T.  Mandell 200  00 

Miss  M.  A.  Wales 200  00 

C.  W.  Cart wright 200  CO 

Foster  &  Taylor 200  CO 

W.  F.  Weld  &  Co 150  09 

Samuel  Johnson 150  00 

John  C.  Dalton 150  00 

Chandler  &  Co 100  00 

W.  P.  Pierce 100  00 

W.  S.  Bullard 100  00 

C.  A.  Babcock 100  00 

Theodore  Matchett,  Brighton  . .  100  00 

W.  B.  Spooner 10000 

Sewall,  Day  &  Co 100  00 

H.  H.  Hunnewell 100  00 

W.  II.  Gardner 100  00 

G.  M.  Barnard 100  00 

J.  M.  Barnard 100  00 

James  McGregor 100  00 

Miss  J.  Mason    100  00 

Jacob  Bigelow 100  00 

James  Parker 100  00 

Miss  Abba  Loring 100  00 

Abbott  Lawrence 100  00 

W.  W.  Churchill 100  00 

Little,  Brown  &  Co J  00  00 

T.  Jefferson  Coolidge 100  00 

J.  S.  Farlow 100  00 

Mrs.  Heard,  Watertown 100  00 

Dr.  Geo.  Hay  ward 100  00 

Oliver  Ditson 100  00 

R.  W.  Hooper 100  00 

Mrs.  C.  Hooper 100  00 

Miss  E.  Hooper 100  00 

Bigelow  Brothers  &  Kennard.  .  100  00 


302 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Miss  0.  M.  Adams $100  00 

Charles  Ainory 100  00 

J.  G.  Gushing 100  00 

II.  P.  Sturgis 100  00 

Wm.  Parsons 100  00 

B.  F.  Eeed 100  00 

Almy,  Patterson  &  Co 100  00 

Hogg,  Brown  &  Taylor 100  00 

Barrage  Brothers  &  Co 100  00 

John  Borland 100  00 

Geo.  W.  Wales 100  00 

Otis,  Daniell  &  Co 100  00 

Grant,  Warren  &  Co 100  00 

A  Friend 100  00 

A,  Claflin  &  Co 100  00 

W.  Claflin  &  Co 100  00 

Joshua  Stetson 100  00 

Joseph  S.  Fay 100  00 

A.  Wilkinson 100  00 

Mrs.  Sally  Blake 100  00 

Thaddeus  Nichols 100  00 

Augustus  Lowell 100  00 

Chas.  G.  Loring 100  00 

Israel  Whitney 100  00 

Benj.  Burgess 100  00 

W.  Perkins 100  00 

Friend  in  Windsor  Locks,  Conn.  100  00 

J.  W.  Brooks 100  00 

Mrs.  S.  Wheelwright 100  00 

John  A.  Blanchard 100  00 

Elisha  Atkins 100  00 

Nash,  Spaulding  &  Co 100  00 

Glidden  &  Williams 100  00 

Samuel  Cabot 100  00 

Geo.  P.  Upham 100  00 

John  Duff. 100  00 

Quincy  A.  Shaw 100  00 

Win.  Hilton  &  Co 100  00 

Wilson,  Hamilton  &  Co 100  00 

Mudge,  Sawyer  &  Co 100  00 

James  Haughton 100  00 

J.  Field 100  00 

Alpheus  Hardy 100  00 

Geo.  S.  Holmes 100  00 

W.  T.  Andrews 100  00 

Ellis,  Newell  &  Co 100  00 

Mrs.  L.  B.  Merriam 100  00 

H.  F.  Durant : 100  00 

P.  B.  Briglmm 100  00 

B.  S.  Rotch 100  00 

W.  P.  Mason..  100  00 


Burr  Brothers  &  Co $100  00 

Miss  Sarah  B.  Pratt 100  00 

Parker,  Wilder  &  Co 100  00 

John  Gardner 100  00 

William  Bramhall 100  00 

J.  E.  Hall 100  00 

W.  D.  Pickman,  Salem 100  00 

John  Bertram,         "     100  00 

Richard  S.  Rogers,   "     100  00 

Francis  Peabody,     "     100  00 

George  Peabody,     "     100  00 

John  C.  Lee,            "      100  00 

William  Munroe,  Boston 100  00 

Anderson,  Sargent  &  Co 100  00 

John  H.  Reed 100  00 

A.  G.  Farwell  &  Co 100  00 

Samuel  A.  Way 100  00 

C.  P.  Curtis 100  00 

Joseph  Dix  &  Co 100  00 

D.  W.  Williams 100  00 

Ladies  of  Fitchburg 100  00 

E.  R.  Mudge 100  00 

Henry  Callender 100  00 

P.  C.  Brooks 100  00 

Mrs.  John  Heard .  .  100  00 

Sewall,  Day  &  Co 100  00 

Margaret  B.  Blanchard.  Harvard  100  00 

H.  P.  Kidder 100  00 

Joseph  B.  Glover 100  00 

Geo.  W.  Colburn 75  00 

John  Homans,  M.  D 75  Ou 

John  Felt  Osgood 75  00 

J.  C.  Hoadley,  New  Bedford.  . .  50  00 

George  Bernis 50  00 

Rev.  F.  A.  Whitney,  Brighton..  50  00 

Geo.  H.  Kuhn 50  00 

Geo.  S.  Winslow 50  00 

Francis  Bacon 50  00 

C.  H.  Warren 50  00 

W.  S.Eaton 50  00 

John  C.  Gray 50  00 

E.  L.  Perkins 50  00 

Mrs.  James  McGregor 50  00 

Chas.  E.  Ware 50  00 

N.  C.  Keep,  M.  D 50  00 

G.  D.  Wells 50  00 

John  Simmons 50  00 

Burr,  Brown  &  Co 50  00 

Geo.  C.  Shattuck 50  00 

Mrs.  N.  Hooper 50  00 

Miss  M.  I.  Hooper 50  00 


THE   WESTERN  SANITARY   COMMISSION. 


303 


S.  T.  Morse 

J.  S.  Amory 

Geo.  A.  Gardner 

Josiah  Quincy 

Isaac  Thatcher 

James  Davis 

J.  Amory  Davis 

Franklin  Haven 

G.  W.  Lyman 

F.  H.  Story 

Fisher  &  Chapin 

Sidney    Bartlett 

P.  T.  Jackson 

Geo.  B.  Emerson 

Amos  W.  Stetson 

Lydia  Jackson 

C.  W.  Loring 

Potter,  Nute,  White  &  Bayley. . 
James  Hay  ward 

Smith  Brothers  &  Co 

Mrs.  A.  I.  Hall 

F.  S.  Nichols 

Joseph  Simes 

Isaac  S\veetser 

Henry  Lee 

Geo.  B.  Gary 

E.  A.  Boardman 

Frothingham  &  Co 

W.  W.  Tucker 

C.  C.  Chadwick 

Wright  &  Whitman 

Claflin,  Saville  &  Co 

May  &  Co 

Horatio  Harris 

Edward  Atkinson 

J.  B.  Glover 

H.  S.  Richardson 

Josiah  Stickney 

E.  D.  Peters  &  Co ?... 

Stephen  Tilton  &  Co 

J.  H.  Beal 

Marshall  Keyes 

Aaron  D.  Weld 

N.  Harris 

Robert  Brookhonse.  Salem 

Mrs.  Henry  D.  Cole,  "  

Mrs.  C.  Saltonstall  "  

Mrs.  Lucy  B.  Johnson,  "  

Z.  F.  Sillsbee,  "  

J.  S.  Cabot,  "  

L.  B.  Harrington,  "  


$50  00  Miss  Hannah  Hodges,  Salem  ...  $50  00 

50  00  J.  C.  Tyler  &  Co 50  00 

50  00  E.  S.  Rand,  New  bury  port 50  00 

50  00  E.  S.  Rand,  Boston 50  00 

50  00  J.  L.  Gardner,  Jr > 50  00 

50  00  Thomas  F.  Gushing 50  00 

50  00  Henry  Upham 50  00 

50  00  Chas.  Stoddard 50  00 

50  00  N.  Boynton 50  00 

50  00  E.  Williams  &  Co 50  00 

50  00  Plumer  &  Co 50  00 

5000  Rice  &  Davis 5000 

50  00  Faxon  Brothers 50  00 

50  00  John  Jeffries,  Jr 50  00 

50  00  Hart,  Baldwin  &  Botume 50  00 

50  00  Augustus  Story,  Salem 50  00 

50  00  Henry  Callender 50  00 

50  00  Mrs.  Chas.  F.  Hovey 50  00 

50  00  A.  A.  Lawrence 50  00 

50  00  Wm.  Bellamy 50  00 

50  00  Henry  A.  P.  Carter 50  00 

50  00  Miss  Loring 50  00 

50  00  Joseph  H.  Thayer 50  00 

50  00  W.  B.  Spooner 50  00 

50  00  James  Parker 50  00 

50  00  Emily  M.  Adams 50  00 

50  00  Geo.  S.  Winslow 50  00 

50  00  Thomas  Bulfinch 50  00 

50  00  E.  L.  Perkins 50  00 

5000  Mrs.  Sam'l  Hall,  Jr 5000 

5000  Col.  J.  W.  Sever 5000 

50  00  Mrs.  John  Heard,  hospital  stores  50  00 

50  00  Thomas  J.  Lee 50  00 

50  00  Miss  Richardson 50  00 

50  00  J.  Randolph  Coolidge 40  00 

50  00  Williams  &  Everett,  proceeds  of 

50  00            exhibition  of  Sign  of  Promise.  30  45 

5000  Jos.  Greeley 'X^  3000 

50  00  J.  F.  Edmands 30  00 

50  00  C.  H.  Cummings 30  00 

50  00  Samuel  Gould 25  00 

50  00  A.  B.  Almon,  Salem 25  00 

50  00  Shreve,  Stan  wood  &  Co 25  00 

50  00  Mrs.  John  C.  Dalton 25  00 

50  00  Mrs.  W.  H.  Goodwin 25  00 

50  00  Robert  C.  Winthrop 25  00 

50  00  I.  D.  Farnsworth 25  00 

50  00  Waldo  Higginson 25  00 

50  00  Geo.  W.  Tilden 25  00 

50  00  E.  Townsend 25  00 

50  00  Silas  Potter..  25  06 


304 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


F.  A.  Ilawley  &  Co 

Josiah  Quincy,  Jr 

The  Misses  Quincy 

Alex.  Strong  &  Co 

John  Ware 

John  Cummings,  Jr 

Charles  Clioate 

James  Maguire 

Win.  II.  Dunbar 

Stone,  Wood  &  Co 

Eastman,  Fellows  &  Weeks. 

Edward  Craft 

Amos  Cummings 

J.  C.  Converse  &  Co 

Maguire  &  Campbell 

Tappan,  McBurney  &  Co   . . 

II.  Montgomery 

Rev.  C.  Bartol 

Mrs.  M.  R.  Wendell.. 


$25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
.  25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 


C.  O.  Whitmore $25  00 

C.  C.  Gilbert 25  00 

Palmer    &    Bachelders 25  00 

E.  M.  Welch 25  00 

Mrs.  Welch 25  00 

Mrs.  Louisa  Peabody 25  00 

Mrs.  C.  G.  Lori  tig 25  00 

Baldwin  &  Curry 25  00 

Mrs.  O.  W.  Holmes 25  00 

J.  S.  Lovering 25  00 

Mrs.  F.  A.  Sawyer 25  00 

Franklin  Evans 25  00 

Ripley  Ropes 25  00 

Jacob  A.  Dresser 25  00 

Sums  under  $25,  those  given 
anonymously,  and  contribu- 
tions of  stores 1,726  00 

Total §:54,511  45 


Before  the  whole  of  this  sum  had  been  received,  Mr.  Yeatman  issued  a 
circular  of  thanks  to  the  contributors,  in  which  occurred  the  following  lan- 
guage : 

"  The  munificent  liberality  with  which  our  appeals  have  been  met  in  Bos- 
ton and  vicinity  has  surprised  and  delighted  us.  It  has  laid  us  under  a  debt 
of  obligation  which  we  have  no  way  of  returning,  except  by  faithful  perform- 
ance of  the  duties  imposed  upon  us,  and  we  believe  this  is  the  only  return 
you  desire.  The  whole  amount  we  have  received  from  New  England,  since 
our  commission  was  organized,  eighteen  months  ago,  to  this  date,  is  about 
$55,000  in  money,  and,  by  moderate  estimation  of  the  cost  of  articles  sent 
for  hospital  use,  fully  $100,000  in  goods.  This  has  come  almost  unsolicited 
from  thousands  of  contributors,  in  small  sums  and  large — from  churches  and 
schools  and  charitable  associations — from  children  of  five  years  old  and  from 
aged  women  of  fourscore  years.  God  bless  them  !  wliose  work  has  been  sent 
to  us  with  words  of  benediction  and  encouragement  to  'the  brave  Western 
boys.'  This  does  not  look  like  separation  or  divided  feeling  between  the 
East  and  the  West !  The  blood  which  flows  so  warmly  from  the  heart 
diffuses  its  glow  to  the  remotest  extremity. 

"  We  are  ONE  COUNTRY,  in  all  our  interests  and  affections.  Momentary 
estrangements  may  occur,  but  returning  good  sense  quickly  allays  them.  We 
are  members  one  of  another.  There  is  no  East  and  no  West ;  may  the  time 
soon  come,  as  by  God's  blessing  it  must,  when  we  can  again  say,  '  There  is  no 
North  and  no  South!'" 


THE  MISSISSIPPI  VALLEY  FAIR.  305 

Up  to  the  time  of  holding  the  Mississippi  Valley  Fair,  in  May,  1864,  the 
Western  Sanitary  Commission  had  received  $275.000  in  money,  $50,000  of 
which  was  from  Massachusetts,  and  $50,000  from  California ;  while  the  stores 
and  goods  contributed  from  the  same  states,  and  by  ladies'  and  soldiers'  aid 
societies  from  Maine  to  Minnesota,  amounted  in  value  to  more  than  a  million 
and  a  quarter.  The  commission  had,  up  to  the  same  date,  made  the  following 
issues  of  articles : 

To  the  western  armies 985,984 

"  the  western  navy 28,838 

"  freedmen 80,505 

"  Union  refugees 5,848 


Total 1,101,175 

It  now  became  necessary  to  take  measures  for  replenishing  the  treasury 
of  the  commission.  None  of  the  fairs  held  in  the  large  cities  of  the  east,  nor, 
strange  to  say,  either  that  of  Chicago  or  Cincinnati,  had  contributed  any  thing 
to  its  coffers ;  and  while  its  sphere  of  action  was  enlarging,  its  resources  were 
failing.  A  Mississippi  Valley  Fair  was  suggested,  and  the  enterprise  was 
undertaken  in  January,  1864  At  the  preliminary  meeting  a  letter  was  read 
from  General  Grant,  expressing  hearty  sympathy  with  the  object  proposed, 
and  bearing  witness  to  the  thousands  of  tons  of  sanitary  stores  furnished  to 
his  army  by  the  commission.  The  following  officers  and  committees  were 
appointed  at  this  meeting : 

President,  First  Vice- President, 

MAJOR-GENERAL  W.  S.  ROSECRANS.  GOVERNOR  WILLARD  P.  HALL. 

Second  Vice-President^  Third  Vice- President, 

MAYOR  CHAUNCEY  I.  FILLEY.  BRIGADIER-GENERAL  CLINTON  B.  FISK. 

Treasurer,  Corresponding  Secretary, 

SAMUEL  COPP,  JR.  MAJOR  ALFRED  MACKAY. 

Standing  Committee. 

Members  of  the  Western  Sanitary  Commission. 
JAMES  E.  YEATMAN,  WM.  G.  ELIOT, 

GEORGE  PARTRIDGE,  CARLOS  S.  GREELEY, 

JOHN  B.  JOHNSON. 

Executive  Committee  of  Gentlemen. 
JAMES  E.  YEATMAN,  Chairman. 

J.  H.  LlGHTNER,  GU8TAVU8   W.  DREYER,  DwiGHT    DuRKEE, 

E.  W.  Fox,  H.  A.  HOMEYER,  AMADEE  VALLE, 

SAMUEL  COPP,  JR.,  B.  R.  BONNER  WYLLYS  KING, 

20 


306 


THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK 


GEORGE  D.  HALL, 

S.  R.  FILLET, 

CHARLES  B.  HUBBELL,  JR., 

JAMES  BLACKMAN, 

WM.  D'OENCH, 

WM.  PATRICK, 

J.  O.  PIERCE, 


ADOLPIIUS  MEIER, 
CHARLES  SPECK, 
WM.  MITCHELL, 
WM.  ADRIANCE, 
GEORGE  E.  LEIGHTON, 
M.  L.  LINTON, 
WM.  H.  BENTON, 


GEORGE  P.  PLANT, 
MORRIS  COLLINS, 
J.  C.  CABOT, 
N.  C.  CHAPMAN, 
JOHN  D.  PERRY, 
S.  H.  LAFLIX, 
JAMES  WARD. 


Executive  Committee  of  Ladies. 

MRS.  CHAUNCET  I.  FILLET,  President. 
Miss  ANNA  M.  DEBENHAM,  Recording  Secretary. 
Miss  PHOJBE  W.  COUZINS,  Corresponding  Secretary. 
MRS.  SAMUEL  COPP,  JR.,  Treasurer. 

MRS.  ROBERT  ANDERSON,  MRS.  T.  B.  EDGAR, 

MRS.  GEORGE  PARTRIDGE,         MRS.  C.  S.  GREELET, 
MRS.  J.  E.  D.  COUZINS,  MRS.  W.  T.  HAZARD, 


MRS.  E.  M.  WEBER, 
MRS.  TRUMAN  WOODRUFF, 
MRS.  CLINTON  B.  FISK, 
MRS.  F.  A.  DICK, 
MRS.  ALFRED  CLAPP, 
MRS.  DR.  E.  HALE, 
MRS.  A.  S.  W.  GOODWIN, 
MRS.  H.  T.  BLOW, 
MRS.  AMELIA  REIHL, 
MRS.  N".  C.  CHAPMAN, 
MRS.  WASHINGTON  KING, 
MRS.  S.  A.  RANLETT,  ' 


MRS.  CHAS.  D.  DRAKE, 
MRS.  WM.  McKEE, 
MRS.  SAMUEL  C.  DAVIS, 
MRS.  McIvEE  DUNN, 
MRS.  R.  II.  MORTON, 
MRS.  DR.  O'REILLY, 
MRS.  S.  B.  KELLOGG, 
MRS.  S.  A.  COLLIER, 
MRS.  W.  A.  DOAN, 
MRS.  DR.  HAEUSSLER, 
MRS.  ADOLPHITS  ABELES, 
MRS.  F.  P.  BLAIR, 


MRS.  ELIZABETH  W.  CLARKE, 

MRS.  H.  DREYER, 

MRS.  JOHN  WOLFF, 

MRS.  ULRICH  Buscn, 

MRS.  JOHN  J.  HOPPE, 

MRS.  CHARLES  EGGERS, 

MRS.  WM.  D'OENCH, 

MRS.  DR.  HILL, 

MRS.  ADOLPHUS  MEIER, 

MRS.  JOHN  C.  VOGEL, 

MRS.  R.  BARTH, 

MRS.  H.  C.  GEMPP, 

MRS.  O.  D.  FILLET, 

MRS.  HENRY  STAGG, 

MRS.  E.  W.  Fox. 


A  distinct  committee  was  afterwards  appointed  to  conduct  a  department 
for  the  express  benefit  of  freedmen  and  Union  refugees,  that  contributions 
might  be  solicited  for  this  particular  purpose,  and  kept  apart  from  the  general 
receipts. 

In  the  circular,  which  was  at  once  issued  by  these  committees,  the  follow- 
ing appeal  was  made : 

"  Contributions  of  every  sort  and  kind  will  be  received,  and  all  can  be 
advantageously  used.  Large  buildings  for  the  fair  will  be  erected,  and  the 
bulkiest  articles  will  find  abundant  room.  All  the  fruits  of  the  garden  and 
farm ;  the  produce  of  the  mine,  iron  or  gold,  or  whatever  else ;'  every  variety 
of  manufactures,  from  the  needle  to  the  steam-engine ;  works  of  art  and  fancy ; 
home-made  and  imported  goods ;  hardware,  and  silver- ware,  and  queens- ware ; 
groceries  and  dry  goods;  India-rubber  goods;  boots  and  shoes;  curiosities 
and  relics ;  books  and  pictures ;  live  stock,  of  whatever  kind,  from  the  farm- 
yard or  prairies ;  and,  in  short,  whatever  is  bought  and  sold  by  rich  or  poor, 
wise  or  simple,  young  or  old,  will  find  a  welcome  place  in  the  Mississippi 


THE    MISSISSIPPI  VALLEY   FAIR,  307 

Valley  Fair,  and  contribute  to  its  success.  Every  dollar,  or  dollar's  worth, 
will  relieve  the  suffering  of  some  sick  and  wounded  soldier,  and  perhaps  save 
him  from  death — it  may  be  a  stranger  to  you  of  whom  you  will  never  hear — 

it  may  be  your  kinsman  or  your  dearest  friend. 

#**#*#•*#• 

"  During  the  continuance  of  the  fair,  rooms  of  exhibition  will  be  opened, 
restaurants  provided,  entertainments  prepared,  including  concerts,  oratorios, 
lectures,  and  almost  every  variety  of  amusement,  with  whatever  else  the  inge- 
nuity of  man  or  woman  can  devise,  and  by  which  the  profits  of  the  fair  can, 
with  propriety,  be  increased,  or  the  satisfaction  of  visitors  secured.  The 
intention  is  to  bend  all  the  energies  of  the  city  in  one  direction,  and  to  enlist 
the  industry  and  taste  of  all  classes,  trades,  and  occupations,  during  the  con- 
tinuance of  the  fair,  in  one  principal  work,  for  the  relief  of  the  sick  and 
wounded.  The  hearty  loyalty  of  St.  Louis  demands  such  an  opportunity  of 
expressing  itself.  The  old  hospitalities  of  the  city  are  impatient  to  be 
renewed,  and  a  cordial  greeting  is  now  sent  to  all  those  who,  perhaps  without 
fault  of  theirs  or  ours,  have  been  estranged  from  us  for  the  three  years  past 
Let  them  come  and  help  us  keep  a  jubilee  of  patriotic  rejoicing — A  UNION 
LOVE-FEAST,  which  will  bring  back  the  kindly  relations  of  former  times.  A 
new  era  will  soon  dawn  upon  our  state  and  nation — the  era  of  union,  of  free- 
dom, and  enduring  peace.  Let  it  be  inaugurated  here  by  a  hundred  thousand 
welcome  guests,  and  there  will  be  room  enough — and  to  spare — for  all  that 
come." 

A  building  was  erected  especially  for  the  use  of  the  fair.  The  main 
structure  was  five  hundred  feet  long  and  one  hundred  and  fourteen  feet  wide, 
with  wings  one  hundred  feet  long  and  fifty-four  wide,  with  an  octagon  centre 
seventy-five  feet  in  diameter  and  fifty  feet  high.  Before  the  fair  opened,  the 
finance  committee  had  collected  $200,000  in  money,  the  principal  portion 
being  contributed  by  citizens  of  St.  Louis,  a  city  that  has  suffered  far  more 
from  the  war  than  any  loyal  city  in  the  country. 

The  following  table  gives  the  returns  of  every  department  and  committee 
of  the  fair : 

TREASURER'S  REPORT  OF  THE  MISSISSIPPI  VALLEY  FAIR. 

Proceeds  of  fourteen  gold  and  silver  bars,  from  Story  County,  Nevada,  in  cur- 
rency   $44,725  88 

"  one  gold  and  silver  bar,  from  Ormsby  County,  Nevada 716  65 

Cash  from  Committee  on  Finance 210,635  76 

"       "      Dry  Goods  Committee 19,548  50 

"       "      Grocers'             "  10,755  00 


308 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


Cash  from  Marine  Committee 

From  Refreshment  Committee: 

New  England  Kitchen f $6,284  18 

Holland  Kitchen 4,711  90 

Confectionery 1,345  80 

Lippincott's  soda  fountain. .  . .       627  20 

O'Brien's         u  "     150  00 

Eobinson's  cream  mead 22  50 

Cafe  Laclede 8,226  68 

Goods  afterwards  sold ..  313  50 


$13,100  00 


SANITARY   SODA. 


From  Committee  on  Drama  and  Public 
Amusements 

"       Committee  on  Public  Schools 

"  "  "  Charitable  Institu- 
tions, &c 

"  Floral  Department  and  sale  of 
flowers 

"  Committee  on  Books,  Paper,  and 
Stationery 

"       Committee  on  Drugs  and  Perfumery 

"  "         "   Millers.. 


-     21,681  70 


From  Committee  on  Iron  and  Steel 

"  "        "   Carriages,  Saddlery  and  Harness 

"  "        "   Wine  and  Beer 

"      Hebrew  Aid  Society 

"       Committee  on  Soap,  Candles,  and  Lard  Oil   

"  "        "   Stoves,  Tinware,  and  Gas-fitting 

"        "   China  and  Glass-ware 

"  "        "   Freedmen  and  Refugees: 

Donations  to  freedmen $6,115  36 

"        and  refugees  7,254  70 

"         "    refugees 3,020  05 

Books  .  330  00 


6,102  78 
5,608  87 

9,673  70 
8,095  80 

9,659  00 
7,398  92 
4,595  75 
8,293  44 
5,189  55 
5,395  85 
3,085  45 
2,155  85 
7,867  64 
2,394  40 


From  Committee  on  Fine  Arts 

"  Ladies'  Furnishing  Committee 

"  Committee  on  Hardware  and  House  Furnishing 

"  "  Skating  Park 

"  New  Bedford  Department 

"  Committee  on  Millinery 

"  Children's  Department 

"  Committee  on  Agriculture 

"  "  Bed  Linen 

"  "  "  Premium  Shirts 

"  "  "  Sewing  Machines 

"  Turnverein  Committee 

"  Committee  on  Jewelry  and  Silver  Plate 

"  Old  Curiosity  Shop 

"  Committee  on  Bakers 

"  "  "  Produce 

"  "  "  Fancy  Handwork 


16,720  11 

15,943  10 

2,417  50 

7,205  74 

888  40 
4,615  21 

938  20 
5,585  60 
3,603  65 
2,396  05 

868  00 
1,242  00 

408  05 
5,575  60 
4,566  80 
3,415  25 
7,329  49 
4,671  95 


THE   MISSISSIPPI   VALLEY  FAIE. 


309 


From  Committee  on  Live  Stock     $6,226  85 


3,684  90 
7,768  80 
4,625  00 

6.405  65 
3,958  92 

11,907  93 
39,884  95 
3,136  18 

6,915  00 
307  95 

4,119  10 
12,856  95 

6,453  90 
882  25 

7,212  20 

1,000  00 

Total $618,782  28 

Deduct  expenses 64,191  28 

Total  net $554,591  00 


A   COMMITTEE   ON   LIVE   STOCK. 


"  Paint  and 

Oil 

New  York  Department. 
Committee  on  Swords . . 
"         "       Private 

Schools 

Associated  Clerks 

Committee  on  Boots  and 

Shoes 

Sale  of  Tickets 

u    Daily  Countersign 
Committee  on  Manufac- 
tures   

Post  Office  at  the  Fair. . . 


From  Committee  on  Furniture 

"      Government  employees 

"      Committee  on  Cloth  and  Clothing. . 

"  "         "   Wood  and  Coal 

"                "         "   Tobacco  and  Cigars. 
"      sale  of  horse  .  .  


We  give  below  as  large  a  portion  of  the  list  of  cash  receipts  as  we  can 
make  room  for,  only  regretting  that  our  soace  is  not  more  ample : 


James  H.  Lucas $5,250  00 

Boatmen's  Savings  Institution . .  5,000  00 
E.  W.  and   others,  proceeds  of 

lots  of  ground  on  Olive  street.  5,000  00 

Merchants'  Exchange 5,000  00 

Belcher's  Sugar  Refinery 3,500  00 

Government  Employees'  Associ- 
ation, M.  V.  S.  Fair 2,844  50 

State  Savings  Association 2,500  00 

Donations  of  Public  Schools,  by 

Ira  Dwill 2,512  25 

Henry  A.  Homeyer  &  Co 2,300  00 

Gaslight  Company 2,000  00 

Mepham  &  Brother 1,750  00 

Associated  Clerks' Committee ..  1,685  50 

"  Northern  Line  " 1,600  00 

Lyon,  Sherb  &  Co.,  and  Geo.  D. 

Hall 1,500  00 

City  Clerks'  Association 1,445  65 

Keokuk  Packet  Company 1,400  00 

Memphis  Packet  Company 1,400  00 


Henry  Ames  &  Co 

L.  N.  Bonham,  entertain- 
ment given  by  pupils  of 
the  Female  Seminary .  $600  00 

L.  N.  Bonham,  proceeds 
of  a  hair- wreath,  made 
by  Miss  Bailey,  of  the 
Seminary 379  00 

L.  N.  Bonham,  half  pro- 
ceeds of  fairy-tale  tab- 
leaux at  the  fair 95  00 

L.  N.  Bonham,  cash  do- 
nations by  pupils ....  209  50 


$1,350  00 


$1,283  50 

Hon.  Henry  T.  Blow,  balance  of 

salary  as  Minister  to  Venezuela 

in  1862 1,048  14 

James  Archer , 1,000  00 

Building  and  Savings  Association  1,000  00 

Francis  "Wittaker,  Sons  &  Co 1,000  00 

Hudson  E.  Bridge 1,000  00 


310 


THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 


Barten,  Able  &  Co $1,000  00 

Schulenburg  &  Boeckeler 1,000  00 

Graff,  Bennett  &  Co 1,000  00 

McKee,  Fishback  &  Co 1,000  00 

David  Nicholson 1.000  00 

Pratt  &  Fox 1,000  00 

John  J.  Eoe 1,000  00 

Kichardson  &  Co 1,000  00 

St.  Louis  and  Iron  Mountain  Rail- 
road Company 1,000  00 

Employees  in  Q.  M.  Department, 

Capt.  E.  D.  Chapman 953  50 

Illinois  River  Packet  Co 850  00 

Robinson  &  Howe's  circus 831  40 

Chicago  &  Alton  R.  R 814  00 

Ladies'    Association    of   Tenth 

Ward,  proceeds  of  ball 796  50 

Committee  of  ladies,  Seventh  and 

Eighth  Wards,  proceeds  of  ball  781  00 

Hayden  &  Wilson 720  00 

Giles  F.  Filley 700  00 

Reformed  Presbyterian  Church, 
by  Rev.  Mr.  McCracken,  pas- 
tor    666  00 

Proceeds  of  five  head  of  cattle, 
presented  by  the  Butchers' 

Association 640  00 

Employees  of  Morison  Hall 610  70 

Horace  Holton 600  00 

St.  Louis  Union  Association ....  600  00 

J.  D.  Stanbridge 588  60 

Capt.  Wallace's  employees 583  00 

D.  A.  January  and  others 570  00 

By  Rev.  W.  G.  Eliot,  from  Bos- 
ton friends 551  00 

Allen,  Copp  &  Nesbit 550  00 

Crow,  McCrerey  &  Co 550  00 

Bridge,  Beach  &  Co 505  00 

E.  H.  Smith 502  00 

Lumbermen's  &  Mechanics'  In- 
surance Co 500  00 

Lamb  &  Quinlin 500  00 

St.  Louis  Agency  of  Manhattan 

Life  Insurance  Co 500  00 

Adolphus  Meier  &  Co 500  00 

Mary  Institute,  proceeds  of  con- 
cert of  scholars 500  00 

A.  S.  Merritt 500  00 

North  Missouri  R.  R.  Co 500  00 

North  St.  Louis  Saving  Associa- 
tion    500  00 

Second  National  Bank. .  500  00 


Third  National  Bank $500  00 

John  O'Fallon 500  00 

Phoenix  Insurance  Co 500  00 

Pike  &  Kellog 500  00 

Pacific  R.  R.  Co 500  00 

J.  B.  Sickles 500  00 

N.  Schaffer  &  Co 500  00 

St.  Louis  Insurance  Co 500  00 

A.  T.  Shapleigh  &  Co 500  00 

J.  B.  Sickles  &  Co 500  00 

Stannard,  Gilbert  &  Co 500  00 

Tunstall  &  Holme 500  00 

United  States  Insurance  Co 500  00 

Wiggins  Ferry  Co.,  by  Henry  L. 

Clark,  Secretary 500  00 

Wm.  Young  &  Co 500  00 

Young  Brothers  &  Co 500  00 

Boatmen's  Insurance  &  Trust  Co.  500  00 

Crozier  &  Baxter 500  00 

Citizen's  Insurance  Co 500  00 

Chouteau,  Harrison  &  Vable.  . .  500  00 

James  Clark  &  Co 500  00 

Franklin  Saving  Institution 500  00 

Franklin  Insurance  Co 500  00 

Home  Mutual  Insurance  Co 500  00 

Collection  in  private  schools  . . .  455  70 
Government  Employees'  Associ- 
ation, by  H.  II.  Wernse 446  00 

Seventh  Cavalry,  M.  S.  M 429  00 

John  G.  Copelin 400  00 

Doggett  &  Morse 400  00 

Students  of  City  University 872  95 

Samuel  Gaty 350  00 

W.  M.  Morrison 350  00 

Employees  on  track  on  Eastern 
Division  P.  R.  R.  and  S.  W. 

Branch 341  75 

Wm.  D'Oench 335  00 

Employees    of    Ubsdell,    Barr, 

Duncan  &  Co 314  50 

Fritz,  Ley  salt  &  Bennett 311  55 

Warne,  Cheever  &  Co 309  50 

Collier  Lead  Co 300  00 

Gaylord,  Sons  &  Co 300  00 

Dwight  Durkee 300  00 

Great  Republic  Insurance  Co. . .  300  00 
W.    Chauvenet,    Chancellor  of 
Washington  University,  dona- 
tion from  students 300  00 

Hillman  Brothers 300  00 

Marine  Insurance  Co 300  00 

Ticknor  &  Co.. .  300  00 


A   WESTERN   SUBSCRIPTION. 


311 


Harmonia  Glee  Club $286  75 

Samuel  C.  Davis 285  00 

Jos.  Gartside  and  149  employees  271  75 

Henry  Martin 270  00 

Employees  of  Pacific  R.  R 267  00 

Pupils  of  the  Missouri  Institute 
for  the  Blind,  proceeds  of  con- 
cert by  them 264  50 

Jameson,  Cutting  &  Co 255  00 

Levi  Ashbrook  &  Co 250  00 

Atlantic  Insurance  Co 250  00 

M.  Creesy  &  Co 250  00 

Chapman  &  Thorp 250  00 

Citizens'  Railroad  Co.,  by  A.  R. 

Easton 250  00 

Dutcher  &  Co 250  00 

R.  &J.  B.  Fenby 25000 

First  National  Bank 250  00 

Globe  Mutual  Insurance  Co 250  00 

Samuel  H.  Gardiner 250  00 

Hemming  &  Woodruff 250  00 

Howe  &  Copen,  N.  Y.  Ins.  Cos.  250  00 

Lackland  &  Christopher 250  00 

Lockwood  &  Nider 250  00 

Ladue,  Tousey  &  Co 250  00 

Merchants'  Bank 250  00 

John  S.  McCune 250  00 

People's  Saving  Institution 250  00 

Pacific  Insurance  Co 250  00 

John  J.  Roe 250  00 

Real  Estate  Savings  Bank 250  00 

St.  Louis  R.  R.  Co 250  00 

L.  &  C.  Speck  &  Co 250  00 

Steamer  Bright  Hope 250  00 

Tyler,  Davidson  &  Co 250  00 

Ubsdell,  Barr,  Duncan  &  Co.  . .  250  00 

Union  Insurance  Co 250  00 

Francis  Whittaker  &  Co 250  00 

Asa  Wilgins 250  00 

Win.  Young  &  Co 250  00 

Employees  of  Goodwin,  Andrew 

&Co 245  50 

Bakers'    Committee,    collection 

among  the  trade 245  25 

Journeymen  horse-collar  makers  213  75 

Mr.  Barr  &  others 204  00 

G.  Bayher  &  Co 200  00 

Chas.  Beardslee  &  Brother 200  00 

F.  B.  Chamberlain  &  Co 200  00 

J.  F.  Comstock  &  Co 200  00 

Continental  Packet  Co.  .  200  00 


Matthew  Coleman , 

Colonel  &  Mrs.  Dick 

L.  D.  Dameron 

Samuel  Gaty 

Charles  Holmes 

A.  C.  Hoffman,  by  will 

Wm.  Jessup  &  Sons , 

N.  H.  Kendall  &  Co 

McKay  &  Hood 

Naples  Packet  Co 

Col.  John  O'Fallon 

J.  &  W.  Patrick 

O.  H.  Pearce  &  Co 

Albert  Pearce 

Steamboat  John    J.    Roe 


and 


owners 

Steamboat  Pauline  Carroll 

"  J.H.  Dickey 

Alton  Packet  Co 

Levi  H.  Baker 

Steamboat  Imperial 

"          Louisville 

"         Maurice  Denning  . . . 

"         Glasgow 

"         latan 

"          Leviathan 

"         W.  K.  Arthur 

"         Julia 

"         Henry  Ames 

"         J.  E.  Swan 

"          City  of  Memphis .... 

"          Stephen  Decatur .... 

"  Colorado 

J.H.  Lacey 

John  Tilden 

Z.  F.  Wetzel  &  Co 

Warne,  Cheever  &  Co 

R.  A.  Barnes 

Miss  Emily  Shaw,  for  tableaux. . 

Mrs.  Puroget 

Rev.  W.  H.  Corkhill,  proceeds 
of  exhibition  of  tableaux  at 

Benton  Barracks 

G.  Walbrecht 

Mary  Institute,  proceeds  of  read- 
ings by  J.  J.  Bailly 

D.  A.  January 

G.  Bummermaunt  &  Co 

Peter  E.  Blow 

Buddecke  &  Droege 

Wra.  Glasgow,  Jr 


$200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
250  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 

200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
200  00 
195  00 
189  70 
186  00 


162  90 
158  75 

157  00 
155  00 
150  00 
150  00 
150  00 
150  00 


312 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


Children's   picnic,  proceeds  by 
committee     of     St.      Peter's 

Church $150  00 

0.  TV.  Howe,  Agent  N.  Y.  Insu- 
rance Cos 150  00 

Hope  Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Co.  150  00 

C.  &  E.  Michelman 150  00 

David  Nicholson 150  00 

Col.  James  Peckham 150  00 

Tassem  &  Dangen 150  00 

Young  Brothers 150  00 

Stokes  &  Sheets..  132  05 


Mr.  Eossfeldt,   St.  Louis  Vocal 

Association $140  00 

Merchants'  Exchange 125  95 

Moody,  Michel  &  Co 125  00 

Mission  Free  School 125  00 

Sterling  &  Co 125  00 

Berthold  &  Thompson 125  00 

C.  I.  Filley 125  00 

Ladies'  Union  League 125  00 

German  Evangelical  Lutheran 

Church,  Franklin  Avenue  and 

llth  Street . .  123  75 


CUTTING    WOOD   IN  THE   NORTHWEST,  FOR   BOLDIBKS'    WIVES. 


Employees  of  Wiggins  Ferry  Co. 

Evangelical  Protestant  Church 
of  Emanuel 

A.  TV.  Fagin 

A.  S.  Merritt 

Cash  contributions  in  basket, 
South  M.  E.  Church,  by  Levi 
H.  Baker,  St.  Louis 


$115  00         Eobert  Charles $107  20 

Joseph  Garneau 105  00 

113  10         Spurry,  Chalfant  &  Co 100  00 

112  00         St.  Louis  Lodge,  No.  5, 1.  O.  O.  F.  100  00 

11000         Schwetze  &  Eggers 10000 

John  A.  Smithers&  Brother.    .  10000 

C.  F.  Schultz  &  Brother 100  00 

10930         Shamrock  Benevolent  Society..  10000 


THE  WESTERN  SANITARY   COMMISSION. 


313 


Steam  Boiler  Makers'  Associa- 
tion    $100  00 

John  R.  Shepley 100  00 

Jas.  T.  Severingen  and  wife ...  100  00 

G.  O.  W.  Todd  &  Co 100  00 

Miss  Mary  Thomas 100  00 

D.  S.  Thompson 100  00 

W.  F.  Ulman 100  00 

John  C.  Yogel 100  00 

Warne,  Cheever  &  Co 100  00 

White  &  Haass 100  00 

Capt.  Daniel  White 100  00 

Wilson  &  Atwell 100  00 

J.  Wall  &  Brother 10000 

Washington  Lodge,  Xo.  24,  I.  O. 

O.  F 100  00 

B.  D.  Whittaker 100  00 

Wildley  Lodge,  Xo.  2,  I.  O.  O.  F.  100  00 

Geo.  II.  Wiley  &  Co 100  00 

Westerman  &  Meir 100  00 

Samuel  B.  Wiggins 100  00 

W.  S.  Gilman 10000 

Gay,  Ilanekemp  &  Edwards  .  . .  100  00 

Greely  &  Gale 100  00 

Goodwin  &  Anderson 100  00 

E.  Gaylord  &  Sons 100  00 

Louis  C.  Gamier 100  00 

Cheltenham  Fire-Brick  Works,  100  00 

by  Evans  &  Howard 100  00 

Gymnastic  Society 100  00 

John  H.  Gay 100  00 

Gill  &  Brother 100  00 

John  How 100  00 

C.  B.  Hubbell  &  Co 100  00 

J.  Howard 100  00 

Hibernian  Society 100  00 

Ilofkemeyer  &  Finney 100  00 

Ileinicke  &  Estel 100  00 

Berton  A.  Hill 100  00 

E.  C.  Harrington,  from  Govern- 
ment Employees'  Association.  100  00 

D.  A.  January  &  Co ^  100  00 

Jacoby  &  Feikert 100  00 

Mr.  James,  Iron  Works 100  00 

Jefferson  Mutual  Fire  Insurance 

Co 100  00 

Jameson  &  Mantz 100  00 

Jonathan  Jones 100  00 

Capt.  W.  J.  Kauntz 100  00 

Wm.  Klnmpe 100  00 

Win.  Dean  &  Co. . .  100  00 


Dunham  &  Gregg $100  00 

Druids'  Hall  Association,  by 

Franz  Michen 100  00 

John  F.  Darley 100  00 

Arnold,  Constable  &  Co -<.. .  100  00 

B.  &  D.  Able 100  00 

John  C.  Dervalall 100  00 

Capt.  J.  B.  Eads 100  00 

Wm.  L.  Ewing  &  Co 100  00 

Employees  in.  Laclede  Rolling 

Mills 100  00 

Excelsior  Fire  and  Marine  Ins. 

Co 100  00 

S.  M.  Edgell 100  00 

Joseph  Emanuel  &  Co 100  00 

Eighth  St.  Baptist  Church  (col- 
ored)    100  00 

Excelsior  Lodge,  Xo.  18,  I.  O. 

O.  F 100  00 

J.  E.  Esher,  proprietor  Bowery 

Theatre,     proceeds     of     one 

night's  entertainment 100  00 

Gen.  C.  B.  Fisk 100  00 

Fisk,  Knight  &  Co 100  00 

O.  D.  Filley 100  00 

E.  A.  &  S.  R.  Filley 100  00 

M.  Foster 100  00 

Fritachie  &  Co 100  00 

R.  D.  Fenby 10000 

Glasgow  &  Brother 100  00 

Henry  Bell  &  Son 100  00 

L.  A.  Benoist  &  Co 100  00 

J.  II.  Bowen  &  Co 100  00 

Mrs.  Sarah  B.  Brent 100  00 

Battery  K,  1st  Missouri  Light 

Artillery 100  00 

Bush  &  Hawthorn 100  00 

John  Boker 100  00 

Beard  &  Brothers 100  00 

Mrs.  Bruescke 100  00 

R.  Campbell  &  Co 10000 

Cavender  &  Rowse 100  00 

Cabot  &  Senter 100  00 

John  B.  Carson 100  00 

E.  A.  Corbitt 100  00 

P.  Chouteau,  Jr.,  &  Co 100  00 

Cupples  &  Marston 100  00 

Commercial  Ins.  Co 100  00 

George  Couzleman 100  00 

F.  J.  Chapman 100  00 

Mrs.  Jane  Chambers..  100  00 


314 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


City  Tobacco  Warehouse $100  00 

J.  R.  Clark,  proceeds  of  a  cotton 

donation 100  00 

Munroe  R.  Collins 100  00 

Alexander  Crozier 100  00 

Luther  M.  Kennett 100  00 

Samuel  Knox 100  00 

S.  II.  Laflin 100  00 

T.  II.  Larkin  &  Co 10000 

II.  J.  Loring  &  Co 100  00 

L.  Levering  &  Co 100  00 

Louis  A.  Labaume 100  00 

Ladies'  Branch  of  Shoemakers' 

Society 100  00 

Wm.  C.  Lindell 100  00 

E.  M.  Moffitt 10000 

Mrs.  Virginia  Minor 100  00 

Murdock  &  Dickson 100  00 

A.  Meier  &  Co 100  00 

Mason  &  Clements 100  00 

W.  II.  Markharn 100  00 

Wm.  K  Macqueen 100  00 

Thornton  D.  Murphy 100  00 

Company  II,  National  Guard. . .  100  00 

Augustus  McDowell 100  00 

Mound  City  Mutual  Ins.  Co 100  00 

Moreau  &  May 100  00 

"Wm.  II.  Maurice. . .  100  00 


Nulson  &  Merriman $100  00 

Nolan  &  Caffrey 100  00 

A.  K.  Northrup 100  00 

R.  H.  Ober  &  Co   100  00 

"OvvlClub" 100  00 

L.  W.  Patchen 100  00 

Peterson,  Hawthorne  &  Co. ...  100  00 

W.  II.  Pulsifer 100  00 

People's  R.  R.  Co 100  00 

Rich  &  Co 100  00 

Richardson  &  Co 100  00 

Eben  Richards 100  00 

Eben  Richards,  Jr 100  00 

Geo.  H.  Rea 100  00 

John  H.  Rankin 100  00 

Pratt  &  Fox 100  00 

Christian  Peper 100  00 

Col.  Geo.  G.  Pride 100  00 

Pomeroy  &  Benton 100  00 

Pike  &  Kellogg 100  00 

James  Smith 100  00 

A.  F.  Shapleigh 100  00 

A.  F.  Shapleigh  &  Co 100  00 

Still  well,  Powell  &  Co 100  00 

St.  Louis  Shot  Tower  Co 100  00 

Savings'  Association,  Eighteenth 

Ward 100  00 

F.  E.  Schmieding  &  Co 100  00 


The  officers  of  the  Mississippi  Valley  Fair,  in  closing  their  report,  claim 
that  it  yielded  larger  comparative  receipts  than  any  sanitary  fair  ever  held. 
St.  Louis,  situated  almost  upon  the  very  frontier  of  loyalty,  raises  $3.50  for 
every  inhabitant  at  her  fair,  the  proportion  of  New  York  and  Philadelphia 
being  about  $1.67  for  each  inhabitant.  This  is  the  more  remarkable  from  the 
fact,  proved  by  the  figures,  that  only  about  $10,000  was  received  from  east  of 
the  Mississippi  River.  "We  confidently  believe  that  no  equal  demonstration 
of  patriotism  has  been  made  in  any  city  of  the  Union  since  the  war  began." 

The  proceeds  of  the  fair  were  immediately  applied  to  the  uses  for  which 
they  were  bestowed.  Eighty  thousand  dollars'  worth  of  hospital  stores  were 
furnished,  in  June  and  July,  to  the  army  of  General  Sherman,  and  a  fair  pro- 
portion to  troops  in  other  departments. 

The  Western  Sanitary  Commission  maintained  its  organization  and  con- 
tinued its  labors  to  the  close  of  the  war.  The  table  at  the  end  of  the  volume 
will  give  the  final,  closing  statistics  of  its  work — work  which,  from  the  first, 
has  been  diligently  sought  and  systematically  and  energetically  done ;  done, 


THE   WESTERN   SANITARY   COMMISSION. 


315 


too,  in  so  unobtrusive  a  manner,  that  thousands  of  persons  in  the  eastern 
states  have  never  been  made  aware  of  the  commission's  existence.  This  was, 
in  a  measure,  intentional,  to  avoid  all  appearance  of  infringing  upon  what 
might  be  claimed  as  another's  ground,  and  to  escape  the  conflict  of  interests 
which  might  ensue.  Faithfulness,  energy,  and  prudence  are  cardinal  virtues 
in  a  man,  or  in  a  commission  of  men. 


CHAPTEE  VIII. 

STATE   SANITARY   COMMISSIONS — LOCAL   RELIEF  ASSOCIATIONS. 


THE   MAGIC   LANTERN   IN  THE   HOSPITAL. 


OUR  view  of  the  labors  of  the  people  in  behalf  of  the  health  and  comfort 
of  the  soldier,  would  be  incomplete  without  a  glance  at  certain  local  sanitary 
commissions  which  sprang  up  in  the  earlier  stages  of  the  war — for  which  there 
was  at  that  time,  perhaps,  sufficient  reason.  Upon  the  subject  of  these  as- 
sociations, the  North  American  Review  used  the  following  language,  in 
January,  1864:  "The  education  of  our  towns  and  villages  in  the  principles 
of  the  Sanitary  Commission,  the  overcoming  of  their  local  prejudices,  of  their 
desire  to  work  for  this  regiment,  that  company,  this  hospital,  or  that  camp, 
has  been  an  education  in  national  ideas — in  the  principles  of  the  government 
itself — in  the  great  federal  idea  for  which  we  are  contending  at  such  cost  of 
blood  and  treasure.  The  objections  to  the  Sanitary  Commission  have  been 
precisely  the  objections  that  led  to  the  rebellion  and  to  the  war  that  made 
this  commission  necessary — objections  to  a  federal  consolidation,  a  strong 


THE  IOWA  SANITARY   COMMISSION.  317 

general  government,  a  nationality  and  not  a  confederacy.  State  and  local 
powers  were  claimed  to  be  not  only  more  effective  in  their  home  and  imme- 
diate spheres,  but  more  effective  out  of  their  spheres,  and  in  the  promotion 
of  ends  that  are  universal.  As  South  Carolina  said  she  could  take  better  care 
of  her  own  commerce  and  her  own  foreign  interests  than  the  United  States 
Government,  so  Iowa,  and  Missouri,  and  Connecticut,  and  Ohio,  insisted  that 
they  could  each  take  better  care  of  their  own  soldiers,  after  they  were  merged 
in  the  general  Union  army,  than  could  any  central,  or  federal,  or  United  States 
commission,  whatever  its  resources  or  its  organization.  Narrow  political  am- 
bition, state  sensibilities,  executive  conceit,  and  the  pecuniary  interests  of 
agents,  produced  the  same  secessional  heresies  in  regard  to  the  National  Sani- 
tary Commission,  that  they  either  actually  created,  or  have  vainly  tended  to 
create,  in  regard  to  the  general  government  itself." 

This  language  must  be  slightly  modified.  Only  two  states  east  of  the 
Mississippi  undertook  to  look  after  the  sanitary  interests  of  their  own  men, 
Iowa  and  Indiana,  and  one  of  these  subsequently  abandoned  that  course. 
We  give  a  brief  history  of  the  independent  existence  of  the  Iowa  and  Indiana 
Sanitary  Commissions. 

In  the  month  of  October,  1561,  Governor  Kirkwood,  of  Iowa,  in  a  letter 
to  the  Eev.  A.  J.  Kynett,  stated,  that  in  order  to  render  the  various  soldiers' 
aid  societies  springing  up  throughout  the  state  efficient,  and  to  encourage  the 
formation  of  others,  he  had  appointed  him — Mr.  Kynett — agent  for  the  state, 
to  perfect  a  system  by  which  contributions  would  best  reach  the  soldier.  Mr. 
Kynett,  in  reply,  recommended  that  a  State  Sanitary  Commission  be  consti- 
tuted, to  become,  ultimately,  auxiliary  to  the  United  States  Commission.  On 
the  13th  of  October,  the  governor  appointed  the  officers  of  such  a  commission, 
as  follows : 

President,  Secretary, 

PROF.  J.  C.  HUGHES,  M.  D.,  of  Keokuk.  REV.  GEO.  F.  MAGOUN,  of  Lyons. 

Treasurer,  Corresponding  Secretary  and  General  Agent, 

HIRAM  PRICE,  of  Davenport.  EEV.  A.  J.  KYNETT,  of  Lyons. 

HON.  ELIJAH  SELLS,  Des  Moines,  HON.  CALEB  BALDWIN,  Council  Bluffs, 

REV.  BISHOP  LEE,  Davenport,  REV.  G.  B.  JOCELYN,  Mt.  Pleasant, 

HON.  GEO.  G.  WRIGHT,  Keosauqua,  HON.  WM.  F.  COOLBAUGH,  Burlington, 

REV.  BISHOP  SMYTH,  Dubuque,  EZEKIEL  CLARK,  Iowa  City, 

Hox.  LINCOLN  CLARK,  Dubuque. 

Mr.  Kynett  immediately  issued  an  appeal  to  the  women  of  Iowa  in  behalf 
of  the  sick  and  wounded  soldiers,  accompanied  by  a  form  of  constitution  for 


318  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

local  societies,  recommending  the  formation  of  such  in  every  town,  village,  and 
neighborhood  in  the  state.  In  answer  to  this  call,  the  commission  received, 
during  the  first  two  years,  notice  of  the  organization  of  one  hundred  and  sixty 
relief  societies ;  and  received  from  them,  in  the  same  time,  four  hundred  and 
forty-two  boxes,  one  hundred  and  fifty  barrels,  eighteen  kegs,  and  nine  sacks, 
of  the  value  of  some  $60,000.  On  the  1st  of  June,  1863,  the  Iowa  Commis- 
sion became  practically  a  branch  of  the  United  States  Sanitary  Commission. 
The  reasons  for  making  this  change,  and  the  advantages  resulting  from  it, 
were  thus  summed  up  by  the  secretary  of  the  Iowa  Commission : 

"  Our  Iowa  regiments  were,  and  still  are,  greatly  scattered  over  a  vast  ex- 
tent of  country.  With  our  limited  means  and  resources,  it  was  clearly  im- 
possible for  us,  acting  independently  as  a  state  organization,  to  place  sanitary 
stores  within  the  reach  of  any  considerable  portion  of  them. 

"  A  large  proportion  of  the  sick  and  wounded  of  our  Iowa  soldiers  were  in 
post  and  general  hospitals,  with  their  fellow-soldiers  from  other  states.  To 
have  attempted,  by  separate  state  agencies,  to  discriminate  in  favor  of  Iowa 
soldiers,  would  have  been  unjust,  offensive  to  our  own  generous  sufferers,  and 
was,  by  proper  hospital  regulations,  rendered  impossible. 

"  The  United  States  Sanitary  Commission,  appointed  by  the  secretary  of 
war  on  nomination  of  the  surgeon-general  of  the  United  States,  and  enjoying 
the  confidence  of  the  government  and  official  recognition,  with  almost  ex- 
haustless  resources  and  every  necessary  facility,  were  everywhere  in  the  field 
with  sanitary  stores  at  every  important  point,  their  medical  inspectors  in 
every  camp  and  hospital,  and  their  various  agencies  working  efficiently  in 
behalf  of  ALL  THE  SOLDIERS  OF  THE  UNION.  To  have  withheld  co-operation 
with  them  seemed  to  us  ungenerous,  impolitic,  and  in  principle  too  much  like 
that  'state  sovereignty'  which  underlies  secession  itself. 

"  The  advantages  resulting  from  the  new  arrangement  are  the  following : 

"  We  thereby  place  ourselves  in  cordial  and  earnest  fraternity  with  all  our 
co-laborers  of  every  other  loyal  state.  There  is  a  wide  difference  between 
being  in  the  Union  and  out  of  it. 

"We  become  rightfully  entitled  to  a  common  interest  in  the  large  contribu- 
tions of  the  eastern  and  Pacific  states.  California  alone  has  given  to  this 
object,  through  the  National  Commission,  hundreds  of  thousands  of  dollars 
in  cash.  We  could  not  honorably  keep  all  our  own  to  ourselves  and  then 
expect  to  share  in  common  with  others  more  generous. 

"We  secure  the  free  transportation  of  all  our  goods,  the  free  use  of  all  tele- 
graphic lines,  and  all  other  facilities  granted  the  National  Commission. 


THE   INDIANA   SANITARY   COMMISSION.  319 

"  All  our  surgeons  and  chaplains  are  permitted  and  invited  to  draw  upon 
the  stores  of  the  National  Commission,  at  any  time  and  place  where  a  depot 
may  be  established,  to  supply  the  wants  of  their  sick  and  wounded. 

"  We  are  invited  to  nominate  inspectors  and  agents  from  our  own  state,  to 
be  assigned  to  duty  where  Iowa  soldiers  are  in  service,  and  to  be  paid  out  of 
the  funds  of  the  National  Commission." 

Certainly,  the  reasons  given  were  sufficient. 

Still,  the  co-operation  between  the  various  organizations  in  the  state  was 
not  complete,  and  in  November,  1863,  a  call  was  issued  for  a  convention  to 
be  held  at  Des  Moines  on  the  18th,  to  consist  of  delegates  from  the  ladies' 
soldiers'  aid  societies,  the  societies  co-operating  with  the  Iowa  Sanitary  Com- 
mission, loyal  leagues,  soldiers'  Christian  commissions,  and  all  other  associa- 
tions in  the  state  which  had  made  regular  contributions. 

The  convention  was  held,  two  hundred  delegates  being  present,  from  all 
parts  of  the  state.  Mrs.  Livermore  addressed  the  assembly  on  the  claims  the 
United  States  Sanitary  Commission  had  upon  them  as  auxiliaries,  while  Mrs. 
Wittenmyer  urged  those  of  the  Western  Sanitary  Commission.  Then  there 
were  addresses  in  behalf  of  harmony,  and  in  deprecation  of  party  strife  in 
sanitary  matters.  The  Hon.  S.  A.  Russell  protested  against  the  sick  and 
dying  soldier  being  sacrificed  or  detained  in  hospital  by  local  preferences,  or 
personal  feelings  in  favor  of  this  or  the  other  way  of  reaching  him.  A  new 
commission  was  finally  created,  the  principal  feature  of  which  was  a  board  of 
control.  This  board  held  its  first  meeting  in  December,  and  it  was  decided  to 
establish  an  Iowa  depot  at  Chicago,  in  connection  with  the  United  States 
Commission,  and  another  at  St.  Louis,  connected  with  the  Western  Commis- 
sion ;  each  local  society  could  send  to  whichever  branch  it  might  prefer :  the 
goods  received  at  the  two  depots  should  be  repacked,  and  all  packages  should 
be  stamped  with  the  Iowa  state  mark. 

Up  to  this  period,  the  value  of  the  goods  received  by  the  Iowa  Commis- 
sion was  not  far  from  $250,000. 

A  Sanitary  Commission  was  organized  in  Indianapolis,  for  the  state  of 
Indiana,  in  February,  1862,  immediately  after  the  battle  of  Fort  Donelson. 
Its  success  was  such  that  a  permanent  organization  was  effected  in  March,  by 
the  appointment  of  William  Hannaman  as  president,  and  Alfred  Harrison  as 
treasurer.  The  objects  of  the  commission  were,  in  spite  of  its  name,  "to 
carry  relief  to  suffering  soldiers,  wherever  from  or  wherever  found ;  and  its 
aim  was  to  contribute  to  every  general  hospital  within  its  reach  as  large  a 
supply,  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  Indiana  soldiers  in  those  hospitals,  as 


320  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

any  other  state.  When  this  was  done,  any  thing  that  remained  was  devoted 
to  the  use  of  Indiana  soldiers  in  preference  to  any  others.  But  all  contribu- 
tions made  to  general  hospitals  were  for  general  distribution.  And  when  it 
is  remembered  that  the  supplies  of  the  Indiana  Commission  were  exclusively 
the  gifts  of  inhabitants  of  the  state,  this  seems  a  very  generous  method  of 
dispensing  them.  This  would  not  be  the  case  were  other  states  tributary  to 
the  Indianapolis  treasury,  as  Massachusetts  has  been  to  that  of  St.  Louis,  or 
Minnesota  and  Wisconsin  to  that  of  Chicago." 

The  attention  of  the  officers  of  the  commission  was  called,  at  an  early  date, 
to  the  needs  of  sick  and  wounded  soldiers  at  the  railroad  station  in  Indianapo- 
lis, waiting  for  trains,  or  otherwise  detained.  An  agent  was  at  first  appointed 
to  meet  the  men  on  their  arrival,  and  direct  them  to  houses  where  they  could 
be  decently  and  cheaply  accommodated.  As  the  number  of  applicants  in- 
creased, tents  were  procured,  and  a  sort  of  Camp  Eelief  was  established ; 
finally  a  Soldiers'  Home  was  erected.  Nearly  two  hundred  thousand  soldiers 
have  been  entertained  here  since  its  opening. 

The  Home  for  Soldiers'  Wives,  established  somewhat  later,  is  to  the 
family  what  the  Soldiers'  Home  is  to  the  army.  Here,  the  wives,  mothers, 
sisters,  and  daughters  of  soldiers,  who  have  come  to  the  city  to  meet  the 
returning  veteran,  find  comfortable  meals  and  lodging,  and  are  safe  from 
annoyance  and  imposition.  Three  hundred  ladies  and  children  have  been 
entertained  here  a  month.  During  the  year  1863  seven  hospital  boats  were 
sent  out  by  the  commission,  to  distribute  five  thousand  packages  of  supplies, 
and  to  bring  home  such  men  as  were  unfit  for  service.  One  of  these,  the  City 
Belle,  was  the  first  boat  to  land  at  Vicksburg  after  its  surrender. 

The  Indiana  railroads  gave  free  transportation  to  goods  from  all  parts  of 
the  state  to  Indianapolis,  the  Union  Telegraph  Company  sent  all  messages 
gratuitously,  and  the  Adams,  American,  and  United  States  Express  Compa- 
nies carried  boxes  by  the  hundred,  without  charge. 

The  following  table  speaks  for  itself: 

Contributions  of  money  in  1862 $22,529  12 

stores      "         • 86,088  00 

money  in  1863 36,232  11 

stores      "         101,430  74 

money  in  1864 97,035  22 

stores      "         126,086  91 


Total $469,402  10 

The  Indiana  Commission  continued  independent  to  the  end. 


THE  PHILADELPHIA  LADIES'   AID.  321 

A  society,  known  as  the  "  Philadelphia  Ladies'  Aid,"  -was  organized  in 
Philadelphia  on  the  26th  of  April,  1861,  and  from  that  day  to  the  close  of  the 
war  maintained  its  independence.  Mrs.  Joel  Jones,  Mrs.  Stephen  Colwell, 
and  Mrs.  John  Harris  were,  and  remained,  its  president,  treasurer;  and  secre- 
tary, respectively.  Mrs.  Harris  visited  Washington  at  an  early  date,  spend- 
ing six  weeks  in  the  camps  and  hospitals  of  that  city,  and,  with  the  co-opera- 
tion of  ladies  there,  establishing  a  depository  for  the  reception  of  their  stores 
arid  clothing.  In  October,  the  pastors  of  twelve  churches  of  Philadelphia 
issued  a  circular,  appealing,  in  behalf  of  the  Ladies'  Aid,  to  all  into  whose 
hands  it  might  fall.  "  The  society  comprises  ladies  belonging  to  more  than 
twenty  churches,  of  various  denominations.  Its  affairs  have  been  conducted 

with  the  utmost  prudence,  economy,  and  efficiency There  is  no  village, 

scarcely  any  congregation,  in  which  something  might  not  be  done  by  way  of 
co-operation  in  this  good  work.  And  we  beg  to  suggest  the  expediency  of 
forming  an  auxiliary  society  in  your  church  or  neighborhood,  with  a  view  of 
forwarding  this  humane  and  patriotic  object." 

The  Philadelphia  Ladies'  Aid  has  been  a  very  Sanitary  or  Christian  Com- 
mission, upon  a  small  but  vastly  effective  scale.  It  has  dispensed  hospital 
supplies ;  it  has  distributed  tracts  and  soldiers'  Bibles ;  it  has  nursed  the  sick, 
it  has  comforted  the  dying;  it  has  been  commended  by  the  commanding 
general;  it  has  received  the  thanks  of  the  surgeon-in-chief.  In  her  first 
report,  Mrs.  Harris  was  able  to  say  for  herself  and  colleagues:  ""We  have 
personally  visited  the  sick  of  two  hundred  and  three  regiments.  We  have 
thrown  something  of  home  light  and  love  around  the  rude  couches  of  at  least 
five  hundred  of  our  noble  citizen  soldiers,  who  sleep  their  last  sleep  along  the 
Potomac.  We  have  been  permitted  to  take  the  place  of  mothers  and  sisters : 
the  gentle  pressure  of  the  hand  has  carried  the  dying  soldier  back  to  the 
homestead,  and,  as  it  often  happened,  by  a  merciful  illusion,  he  has  thought 
the  face  upon  which  his  last  look  rested  was  that  of  some  cherished  one  from 
home.  A  gentle  lad  of  seventeen  summers,  wistfully  then  joyfully  exclaim- 
ing, '  I  knew  she  would  come  to  her  boy,'  went  down  comforted  into  the 
dark  valley.  Others,  many  others,  have  thrown  a  lifetime  of  truthful  love 
into  the  last  look,  sighing  out  life  with — '  Mother,  dear  mother ! ' ' 

That  an  independent  society  like  this,  indeed,  that  many  such  may  find 
their  sphere  of  usefulness,  gleaning  where  the  Sanitary  and  Christian  reapers 
have  passed,  is  well  shown  in  a  letter  from  an  army  surgeon,  from  which  we 
make  the  following  extract.  Speaking  of  the  medical  department  of  the 

army,  and  of  the  various  agencies  for  the  benefit  of  soldiers,  he  said : 
21 


322  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

"But  the  vast  supplies  of  the  department  are  not  intended  for  wayside 
sufferers  and  exhausted  fugitives  :  they  are  for  regular  hospitals  and  organized 
camps.  A  strict  system  of  accounts  is  necessary,  and  profusion  of  expendi. 
ture  cannot  be  tolerated.  The  army  system  is  perfect  in  its  place,  and  my 
judgment  thoroughly  approves  of  it ;  but  it  does  not  suit  every  emergency. 

"  The  Sanitary  Commission  is  a  noble  charity,  and  nobly  has  it  sustained 
itself.  Almost  every  hospital  in  the  army  has  filled  its  wards  with  the  beds, 
and  quilts,  and  sheets  of  the  Sanitary  Commission.  Who  can  tell  the  thou- 
sands upon  thousands  of  times  the  fevered  brain  of  our  stricken  soldiers  has 
spelled  out  on  the  corner  of  his  white  pillow-slip,  '  U.  S.  SANITARY  COMMIS- 
SION?' But  this  society  is  no  roadside  affair.  It  deals  in  car  and  ship  loads. 
It  supplies  hospitals  and  bodies  of  men,  when  applied  to,  with  bales  and  boxes 
innumerable;  and  many  a  doctor's  heart  has  melted  with  gratitude  for  the 
liberal  gifts  of  the  Sanitary  Commission.  No  papers  here  are  needed ;  no 
duplicate  inventories  to  be  made  out,  no  double  receipts  to  be  transmitted. 

"But  what  good  would  it  do  an  exhausted  soldier,  toiling  through  the 
mud,  or  sinking  by  the  wayside,  to  understand  that  yonder  beautiful  ship,  the 
white  letters  upon  whose  red  flag  were  undistinguishable  in  the  distance,  was 
filled  with  bed-sacks,  sheets,  and  pillows,  and  boxes  of  jelly  of  the  Sanitary 
Commission  ?  Like  the  mirage  upon  the  desert,  they  mock  the  dying  pilgrim 
with  visions  of  plenty  while  he  famishes. 

"Who  will  help  this  man  who  has  dragged  along  his  weary,  possibly 
lacerated,  limbs,  till  nature  refuses  to  bear  him  farther,  and  he  sinks  down  to 
die  in  the  mud  ?  The  Ladies'  Aid  Society  is  to  the  soldier  what  the  retailer 
is  to  the  community.  Other  organizations  represent  the  wholesale  business. 
And  nobly  has  Mrs.  Harris  performed  her  duty.  She  is  indefatigable.  Day 
and  night  her  sole  occupation,  her  only  thought,  is,  '  relief  to  the  soldier.'  " 

OON  after  the  commencement  of  the  war  one  of  the 
officers  of  this  society,  after  having  made  a  large 
contribution  to  its  treasury,  said  to  the  members 
of  her  family :  "  These  men  who  have  gone  forth  to 
fight  are  willing  to  give  their  lives  for  us,  and  we 
can  never  do  too  much  for  them.  Now,  I  propose, 
if  you  all  consent,  to  devote  some  regular,  daily 
sum  to  the  relief  of  the  army,  and  we  will  go  with- 
out some  luxury  to  which  we  have  been  accus- 
tomed, to  procure  that  sum.  Suppose  we  dispense 
with  dessert  while  the  war  lasts?"  The  family  consented,  and  their  dessert 


THE  ST.   LOUIS   AID  SOCIETY.  323 

money,  diverted  from  the  grocer  and  the  confectioner,  was  ever  afterwards, 
while  the  need  existed,  the  property  of  the  invalid  soldier. 

A  remarkable  proof  of  Mrs.  Harris's  efficiency  is  furnished  by  the  fact  that 
she  is  not  often  at  home  to  write  the  secretary's  semi-annual^ reports.  A 
colleague,  holding  the  pen  of  a  ready  writer,  places  a  few  facts  and  figures, 
in  graceful  shape,  before  the  public ;  then  follow  "  letters  and  copious  extracts 
of  letters  from  the  secretary  of  the  society,"  written  from  various  places  while 
attending  to  the  sick  and  wounded:  from  Chesapeake  Hospital,  from  Fair 
Oaks,  from  on  board  the  Nelly  Baker,  from  Harrison's  Landing,  from  Antie- 
tam,  Harper's  Ferry,  Fredericksburg,  Nashville,  Gettysburg,  Chattanooga. 

These  letters  were  widely  published  and  read,  and  stirred  the  fountains  of 
public  sympathy  to  their  depths.  A  missionary  abroad,  the  secretary  was 
yet  a  propagandist  at  home. 

Mrs.  Harris  was  on  the  field  of  Gettysburg,  and  in  the  first  week  after  the 
battle  distributed  the  contents  of  sixty-eight  boxes  forwarded  by  the  society ; 
in  the  second  week  forty-seven  boxes  were  sent  to  one  single  hospital,  that  at 
Annapolis. 

In  the  first  three  years  of  its  existence,  the  Philadelphia  Ladies'  Aid  had 
received  nearly  $21,000  in  money,  and  about  $70,000  worth  of  stores.  It  had 
also  been  commissioned  by  Mr.  "W.  W.,  of  San  Francisco,  to  expend  $550  in 
the  relief  of  soldiers'  families,  and  by  Mrs.  John  Haseltine,  to  apply  $700  in 
assisting  disabled  soldiers  to  reach  their  homes. 

On  the  26th  of  July,  1861,  a  few  ladies  met  at  the  house  of  Mrs.  F.  Holy, 
in  St.  Louis,  to  discuss  a  project  which  had  been  for  some  time  in  contempla- 
tion— that  of  combining  the  efforts  of  the  loyal  ladies  of  the  city,  and  of 
forming  an  aid  society,  in  anticipation  of  the  conflict  then  impending  within 
the  state.  At  an  adjourned  meeting,  held  a  week  later,  twenty-five  ladies 
registered  themselves  as  members  of  the  "Ladies'  Union  Aid  Society,"  and 
elected  a  full  board  of  officers.  The  greater  part  of  them  resigning  soon  after, 
the  following  permanent  list  was  chosen  in  November : 

President, 
MRS.  ALFRED  CLAPP. 

Vice- President*, 
MRS.  SAMUEL  C.  DAVIS,  MBS.  T.  M.  POST,  MRS.  ROBERT  AXDEKSOX. 

Treasurer,  Recording  Secretary, 

MRS.  S.  B.  KELLOGG.  Miss  II.  A.  ADAMS. 

Corresponding  Secretary, 
Miss  BELLE  HOLMES;  afterwards,  Miss  AXNA  M.  DEBENHAM. 


324  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

The  society  thus  formed  has  been  most  active  and  efficient ;  being  the  only 
large  association  of  the  kind  working  in  concert  with  the  Western  Sanitary 
Commission,  its  operations,  both  of  collection  and  distribution,  have  covered  a 
wide  field,  and  it  has  counted  its  dollars  and  its  donations,  not  by  hundreds, 
but  by  thousands.  Its  emissaries  visited,  at  one  time,  fourteen  hospitals  in 
the  city  and  vicinity,  and  were  known  in  the  streets  by  the  baskets  they 
carried,  the  cover  of  one  of  which  has  been  obligingly  lifted  for  us  by  the 
recording  secretary ;  within  was  "  a  bottle  of  cream,  a  home-made  loaf,  fresh 
eggs,  fruit,  and  oysters ;  stowed  away  in  a  corner  was  a  flannel  shirt,  a  sling, 
a  pair  of  spectacles,  a  flask  of  cologne ;  a  convalescent  had  asked  for  a  lively 
book,  and  the  lively  book  was  in  the  basket ;  there  was  a  dressing-gown  for 
one,  and  a  white  muslin  handkerchief  for  another ;  and  paper,  envelopes,  and 
stamps  for  all" 

The  Christian  Commission  having  made  the  ladies  of  this  society  their 
agents  for  the  distribution  of  religious  reading,  one  hundred  and  twenty-five 
thousand  pages  of  tracts,  and  twenty  thousand  books  and  papers  were  dissem- 
inated by  them.  No  soldier  ever  refused  a  Testament  or  hymn-book. 

The  society  sent  delegates  to  all  the  earlier  battle-fields,  and  even  to  the 
camps  and  trenches  around  Vicksburg.  These  ladies  returned  upon  the  hos- 
pital steamers,  pursuing  their  heroic  work,  toiling  early  and  late,  regardless  of 
health  or  strength,  in  the  midst  of  scenes  the  most  terrible  that  can  follow  in 
the  train  of  war. 

During  the  fall  and  winter  of  1862,  the  society's  rooms  were  open  day  and 
evening  for  the  purpose  of  bandage-rolling,  so  great  was  the  demand  for  sup- 
plies of  this  kind. 

At  the  same  period,  the  distress  in  soldiers'  families  was  such  that  the 
association  felt  called  upon  to  make  an  effort  for  their  relief.  They  repre- 
sented to  the  Western  Sanitary  Commission,  and  to  the  gentlemen  of  the  War 
Eelief  Fund  of  St.  Louis  County,  that  the  demand  for  hospital  clothing  was 
greater  than  loyal  fingers  could  supply,  and  asked  for  an  appropriation  for  the 
purpose  of  giving  work  to  the  wives,  mothers,  and  daughters  of  soldiers. 
They  received  about  $5,500  for  this  purpose,  disbursing  it  among  three 
hundred  and  fifty  families,  thus  paying  for  the  labor  upon  seventy-five  thou- 
sand hospital  garments. 

The  medical  purveyor  of  the  department,  informed  of  the  success  of  this 
experiment,  and  having  a  large  contract  for  army  work  to  give  out,  offered  it 
to  the  Union  Aid.  Under  this,  the  families  of  volunteers  made  up  one  hun- 
dred and  twenty-eight  thousand  articles,  receiving  over  $6,000  for  their  work. 


UNIOX  AID  SOCIETY  OF  ST.   LOUIS.  325 

Another  contract  was  afterwards  taken  from  the  purveyor,  under  which  the 
ladies  of  the  society  tore  twenty-seven  thousand  yards  of  cotton  into  two 
hundred  and  sixty-one  thousand  yards  of  bandages,  the  soldiers'  wives  receiv- 
ing twenty-five  cents  per  hundred  yards  for  rolling.  In  1864,  nearly  forty 
thousand  articles  were  made  for  the  medical  purveyor  in  this  manner. 

At  the  request  of  the  surgeon  in  charge  of  Benton  Barracks'  Hospital,  the 
society  took  quarters  in  the  building,  consisting  of  reception-room,  store- 
room, and  kitchen.  The  object  was — in  imitation  of  a  plan  in  successful 
operation  in  Baltimore — to  be  able  to  prepare,  upon  the  requisition  of  the 
physicians,  special  articles  of  diet  for  particular  cases.  Donations  intended 
for  the  soldiers  could  be  left  at  these  rooms  for  judicious  distribution;  fruit, 
vegetables,  and  other  offerings,  could  here  be  prepared  and  issued  as  required. 
This  would  systematize  all  outside  bounty,  and  enable  the  surgeon  to  regulate 
the  diet  of  the  entire  establishment.  Miss  Bettie  Broadhead  was  the  first 
superintendent  of  these  rooms,  which  were  afterwards  extended  and  multi- 
plied. They  soon  exhibited  all  the  bustle  and  activity  of  a  restaurant.  Bills 
of  fare  were  distributed  in  each  ward  every  morning ;  the  soldiers  wrote  their 
names  and  numbers  opposite  the  special  dishes  they  desired ;  the  surgeon  scru- 
tinized the  calls,  and,  if  he  did  not  disapprove,  indorsed  them.  At  the 
appointed  time,  the  dishes,  distinctly  labelled,  arrived  at  their  destination  in 
charge  of  an  orderly.  Nearly  forty-eight  thousand  dishes  were  issued  in  one 
year. 

In  the  fall  of  1863,  the  Union  Aid  Society  established  a  branch  at  Nash- 
ville, Mrs.  Barker  and  Miss  Adams  leaving  St  Louis  with  $500  and  seventy- 
two  boxes  of  stores.  A  special  diet  kitchen,  like  that  of  Benton  Barracks, 
was  opened  under  the  auspices  of  Miss  Adams ;  and  this,  subsequently,  became 
a  most  important  affair,  no  less  than  sixty-two  thousand  dishes  being  issued  in 
August,  1864.  A  large  portion  of  the  supplies  were  furnished  by  the  Pitts- 
burgh Subsistence  Committee,  who  did  not,  however,  stop  there,  but  sent  Miss 
Ellen  Murdoch  to  prepare  the  supplies  for  use.  This  lady  worked  for  three 
months  with  her  own  hands  in  the  kitchen,  and  no  reasonable  wish  of  an 
invalid  ever  went  ungratified. 

The  society,  apparently  not  satisfied  with  its  labors  in  behalf  of  soldiers 
and  their  families,  found  time  to  organize  committees  to  look  after  the  inter- 
ests of  the  freedmen  and  the  refugees.  Working  in  concert  with  the  Western 
Sanitary  Commission,  it  has  done  much  to  alleviate  the  distress  which  pre- 
vailed in  1863,  and,  indeed,  still  prevails,  among  these  unfortunate  people. 

The  following  list  of  cash  receipts  for  the  year  1863,  excluding  those  from 


326  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

the  commission  and  the  government,  will  show  what  have  been  the  Aid 
Society's  sources  of  supply  : 

Proceeds  of  Cosmopolitan  Bazaar $5,606  66 

"       two  concerts  by  the  Quincy  Old  Folks 618  50 

"      launch  of  the  gunboat  Winnebago 426  50 

"       the  Sylvan  Fete 3,682  20 

Donations  from  Societies : 

Boatmen's  Savings  Institution $1,000  00 

Globe  Mutual  Insurance  Company 100  00 

Mechanics'  Bank 500  00 

Southern  Bank 500  00 

Merchants'  Bank 25000 

Saint  Louis  Bank 100  00 

Citizens'  Railway  Company 100  00 

German  Savings  Institution 200  00 

Western  Marine  Beneficent  Association 50  00 

Union  Bank 100  00 

Grand  Jurors,  John  J.  Hoppe,  Foreman Ill  00 

Jefferson  Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Company 56  00 

Ladies'  Government  Work  Committee 65  80 

Mound  City  Club 219  30 

Employees  in  Excelsior  Stone  Works 100  00 

Teamsters'  Mess,  at  Benton  Barracks 50  00 

Company  F,  Mounted  City  Guards 100  00 

3,602  10 

Mrs.  H.  T.  Blow 10000 

James  B.  Eads 100  00 

M.  S.  Mepham  &  Co 250  00 

J.  Ridgway 150  00 

Gentlemen  of  Forage  Department 100  00 

L.  A.  Labaume 100  00 

Jno.  M.  Taylor 200  00 

Woodburn  &  Scott 150  00 

II.  A.  Homeyer 100  00 

1,250  00 

Other  donations  from  societies  and  individuals 4,033  83 

Donations  for  Soldiers'  Fourth  of  July  Dinner 394  85 


$19,614  64 
Deduct  expenses  for  Bazaar,  Concerts,  and  Sylvan  F6te 1,939  17 


Total $17,675  47 

In  August,  1861,  several  of  the  wives  of  the  gentlemen  belonging  to  the 
Union  Belief  Association  of  Baltimore — a  society  which  we  mention,  on 
account  of  the  nature  of  its  work,  under  another  head — gave  their  assistance 
in  preparing  food  and  clothing  for  the  sick  and  wounded.  This  work  was,  in 
a  measure,  taken  off  their  hands  by  the  establishment  of  government  hospi- 
tals in  the  city,  but  the  ladies'  energies  had  been  aroused,  and  they  felt  that 


LADIES'    UNION   RELIEF   ASSOCIATION   OF  BALTIMORE. 


327 


even  with  the  best  the  government  and  the  medical  staff  could  do,  there  would 
still  be  work  enough  for  willing  hands.  The  organization  of  the  Ladies' 
Union  Eelief  Association  of  Baltimore  was  therefore  effected  on  the  first 
Tuesday  of  October,  1861,  and  the  following  officers  were  chosen : 

President,  MRS.  REVERDY  JOHNSON. 

Vice- Presidents. 
MRS.  J.  SATTRIN  NORRIS.          MRS.  ALEX.  TURNBULL.          MRS.  THOMAS  WHITBIDGE. 

Corresponding  Secretary,  MRS.  A.  L.  PHELPS. 

Recording  Secretary,  MRS.  JOHN  GRAHAM. 

Treasurer,  Miss  AGNES  V.  MORTON. 

Two  of  these  ladies  resigned  shortly  afterwards,  and  Miss  Morton  became 
Recording  Secretary,  Mrs.  Chas.  J.  Bowen,  Corresponding  Secretary,  and  Miss 
Julia  May  Morton,  Treasurer. 

ENERAL  charge  was  at  first  assumed  over  all  the 
hospitals,  but  as  each  hospital  gradually  attracted 
to  itself  its  own  peculiar  circle,  the  Relief  Asso- 
ciation took  for  its  immediate  charge  the  National 
Hospital  in  Camden  Street.  This  institution  con- 
tained beds  for  a  thousand  patients,  and  here  the 
worst  cases  were  usually  brought.  Mrs.  Bowen, 
in  her  first  report,  thus  speaks  of  the  labors  of 
the  society  here  :  "  Every  ward  has  its  own  com- 
mittee, and  the  soldiers  are  visited  by  the  ladies 
two  or  three  times  a  week,  and,  in  making  known  their  wants,  become  very 
sociable  and  communicative.  With  few  exceptions,  they  have  been  modest  in 
their  demands,  and  extremely  grateful  for  favors  shown  them.  Occasionally 
they  ask  the  ladies  what  the  articles  cost,  which  causes  a  smile  and  a  pleasant 
answer.  Besides  our  visiting  the  soldiers,  '  we  request  the  pleasure  of  their 
company,'  and  there  is  not  a  day  when  these  rooms  are  not  a  pleasant  retreat 
for  convalescent  men,  who  love  to  come  from  the  hospitals  and  tell  their  tales 
of  the  battle-field.'' 

The  ladies  of  Baltimore,  owing  to  their  being  comparatively  near  the 
ground,  rendered  peculiarly  effective  service.  Their  boxes  were  early  upon 
the  field,  and,  during  the  first  year  at  least,  none  ever  failed  to  reach  its  destina- 
tion. A  delegation  of  three  ladies  of  the  society  spent  five  days  in  the  vicinity 
of  Antietam,  after  the  battle  there,  relieving  a  vast  amount  of  suffering. 


328  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

During  the  first  year,  some  $3,000  were  received,  and  nearly  thirty-one 
thousand  articles.  The  Northern  states  contributed  two-thirds  of  these,  and 
Northern  soldiers — soldiers  not  from  Maryland — consumed  three  quarters  of 
those  that  were  given  out — nine  thousand  six  hundred  and  five,  out  of  twelve 
thousand  six  hundred  and  forty-five. 

During  the  second  year,  the  society  removed  its  kitchen  from  its  own 
rooms  to  the  Camden  Street  Hospital.  A  committee  of  thirty  ladies  assumed 
exclusive  charge  of  the  diet  room,  serving  faithfully  in  all  weathers.  A  read- 
ing room  for  the  convalescents  was  next  established,  at  the  suggestion  of  the 
chaplain,  and  stocked  with  papers,  magazines,  tracts,  and  games.  Magic  lan- 
tern exhibitions  were  given  in  the  wards,  for  the  amusement  of  those  yet 
unable  to  leave  their  beds.  Concerts  followed  in  the  dining-room  of  the  hos- 
pital, five  taking  place  during  the  year.  Sabbath  services  were  regularly  held, 
three  choirs  taking  turns  in  furnishing  the  music,  and,  after  the  services,  going 
through  the  building  and  singing  hymns  in  the  wards. 

Nearly  $6,000  were  received  during  this  year,  and  twenty-three  thousand 
articles  were  collected,  made  or  purchased,  and  distributed ;  and  in  this  enu- 
meration, articles  that  can  neither  be  worn  nor  eaten,  are  not  included  :  books, 
games,  crutches,  pillows.  Of  these,  immense  numbers  were  given  out.  Aid, 
in  money  or  in  kind,  came  from  Springfield,  New  Bedford,  Roxbury,  "Worces- 
ter, Providence,  Hartford,  Stonington,  Boston,  Portland,  Salem,  Philadelphia. 
The  society  continued  its  labors  throughout  the  war. 

For  a  long  period  prior  to  the  war,  there  had  been  in  New  York  an  organ- 
ization for  social  and  charitable  purposes,  called  the  New  England  Society ; 
and  soon  after  the  breaking  out  of  the  rebellion,  this  society  became  the 
nucleus  of  a  wider  and  less  formal  organization,  known  as  the  Sons  of  New 
England.  In  April,  1862,  these  gentlemen,  New  Englanders  resident  in  New 
York,  formed  an  association  called  the  NEW  ENGLAND  SOLDIERS'  BELIEF 
ASSOCIATION,  the  object  of  which  was  "to  aid  and  care  for  all  sick  and 
wounded  soldiers  passing  through  the  City  of  New  York,  on  their  way  to  or 
from  the  war."  A  building,  rented  and  furnished  for  the  purpose,  No.  198 
Broadway,  in  close  proximity  to  the  steamboat  landings  and  railroad  stations, 
was  opened  for  the  reception  of  its  beneficiaries  on  the  8th  of  the  month.  The 
board  of  officers  was  constituted  as  follows : 

Chairman,  Vice-  Chairman, 

WILLIAM  M.  EVARTS.  CHARLES  GOULD. 

Treasurer,  Corresponding  Secretary, 

SAMUEL  E.  Low.  WILLIAM  II.  L.  BARNES. 


NEW  ENGLAND  SOLDIERS'   RELIEF  ASSOCIATION.  329 

Recording  Secretaries, 
WILLIAM  BOND,  MAUEICE  PERKINS. 

Resident  Surgeon,  Matron, 

EVERETT  HERRICK,  M.  D.  MBS.  E.  A.  RUSSELL. 

Col.  Frank  E.  Howe,  military  agent  for  the  states  of  Maine,  New  Hamp- 
shire, Vermont,  Massachusetts,  Wisconsin,  Minnesota,  and  Indiana,  was  made 
superintendent.  The  Home  thus  established  has  never  received  any  state 
assistance,  but  has  always  depended  upon  private  sources  for  its  funds — 
upon  individuals,  benevolent  societies,  and  town  and  church  organizations. 
Its  expenses  have  averaged  $1,200  a  month,  with  which  sum  it  has  enter- 
tained, lodged,  fed,  aided  and  clothed,  each  month,  some  sixteen  hundred 
men.  A  brief  description  of  the  building  and  its  uses  may  be  of  interest 

The  structure  is  five  stories  high,  the  association  occupying  them  all 
except  the  ground  floor,  in  which  the  superintendent  conducts  his  private 
business.  On  the  first  story  is  the  reception  and  baggage  room,  the  regis- 
try-desk, and  the  office  of  the  society,  the  latter  containing  closets  and  ward- 
robes, and  a  library  presented  by  the  Christian  Commission.  The  second 
story  is  a  sick-ward,  the  convalescents  being  separated  from  the  serious  and 
surgical  cases ;  here  also  is  the  resident  physician's  room  and  the  medical 
supply-table.  The  Women's  Auxiliary  Committee  furnish  the  nurses  and 
attendants,  and  very  often  from  their  own  ranks.  Their  sympathy,  tender- 
ness and  charity  have  been  displayed  in  a  thousand  ways,  and  their  services 
have  been  invaluable.  The  third  story  is  a  dormitory,  comfortable,  well 
lighted  and  ventilated,  and  containing  eighty-six  beds.  On  the  upper  story 
are  the  dining-room,  the  kitchen,  pantries,  laundry,  and  wash-room.  Here  the 
dusty  and  travel-worn  trooper  may  have  his  under-clothes  washed,  ironed,  and 
returned,  between  sunrise  and  sunset. 

From  April  9th,  1862,  to  February  1st,  1865,  the  association  received,  regis- 
tered, lodged,  fed,  aided  and  clothed  about  sixty  thousand  soldiers,  many  of 
them  wounded  or  disabled.  Two-thirds  of  them  were  from  New  England. 

A  hospital  record,  compiled  by  this  association,  has  proved  of  the  greatest 
value.  This  labor  was  undertaken  in  consequence  of  the  great  number  of 
applications  received  for  assistance  in  obtaining  information  of  soldiers 
known  to  be,  or  to  have  been,  in  some  one  of  the  government  hospitals  in 
the  vicinity  of  the  city.  A  regular  system  of  hospital  visiting  was  instituted, 
and  a  registry  thus  made  and  preserved  of  the  name,  company,  regiment, 
residence,  disease  or  wound,  condition  and  final  disposition  of  every  soldier 
in  these  hospitals.  Many  of  these  invalids  were  supplied  with  the  means 


330  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

of  communicating  with  their  friends,  and,  when  permitted  to  go  home,  were 
assisted  in  getting  there.  Useful  as  the  record  has  proved  during  the  war,  it 
will  doubtless  be  of  greater  permanent  value. 

In  many  other  ways  the  association  has  rendered  aid  and  comfort  to  the 
soldier.  It  sent  nurses  or  guides  with  such  as  needed  their  assistance,  to  the 
point  of  departure,  and,  in  urgent  cases,  caused  them  to  be  accompanied  to 
their  destination.  It  gave  certificates,  upon  which  the  railroad  and  steam- 
boat companies  furnished  transportation  at  government  rates.  In  case  of 
death,  it  sent  the  remains  home,  or  caused  them  to  be  decently  buried  at 
Cypress  Hill.  It  was  the  temporary  custodian  of  large  amounts  of  soldiers' 
money,  which  would  otherwise  have  been  squandered,  lost,  or  stolen.  It  fur- 
nished every  soldier  who  desired  them,  whether  in  its  own  rooms  or  govern- 
ment hospitals,  paper,  pens,  envelopes  and  postage-stamps — one  hundred  and 
seventy-five  letters  a  day  having  been  often  mailed  through  its  agency.  A 
postage-stamp  account,  however,  was  rendered  to  the  various  states  for  the 
amount  of  the  aid  thus  given,  and  reimbursement  was  made  in  every  case. 

Eeligious  services  were  held  in  the  reception-room  on  Sunday  afternoon, 
conducted  both  by  clergymen  of  the  various  denominations  and  by  army  chap- 
lains. Devotional  music  was  not  forgotten,  the  ladies  and  gentlemen  of  the 
Harmonic  Society  discharging  the  duties  of  a  regular  choir — duties,  in  this 
case,  self-imposed.  "We  have  all  heard  of  a  voluntary  upon  the  organ ;  but  the 
worshippers  at  the  soldiers'  chapel,  though  they  heard  no  organ,  listened 
to  nothing  that  was  not  voluntary — prayer,  psalm,  hymn,  sermon,  benedic- 
tion. 

The  Night- Watchers'  Association  was  a  feature  peculiar  to  the  New 
England  Relief  Society.  It  grew  out  of  the  following  circumstances  :  Nurses 
had  been  readily  furnished  at  the  outset  by  the  Women's  Auxiliary  Commit- 
tee, to  serve  during  the  day-time  ;  but  during  their  absence  at  night,  the  good 
effects  of  their  care  and  attention  were  often  undone  by  the  mistakes  and 
neglect  of  those  hired  to  replace  them.  It  was  proposed  by  the  superintend- 
ent, as  a  remedy  for  this,  "  that  the  night  service  should  be  given  up  to 
young  men,  whose  character  and  motives  should  be  a  sufficient  warrant  of 
their  fidelity."  This  was  done,  during  the  first  summer,  with  entire  success; 
and  in  the  fall,  the  Night- Watchers'  Association  was  formed,  twenty-eight 
young  men  joining  it  under  the  presidency  of  Mr.  Luther  M.  Jones.  The 
members  possessed  the  necessary  tact  and  skill  to  deal  with  sick  men,  and, 
making  the  service  a  matter  of  personal  responsibility  and  sacrifice,  held 
themselves  and  each  other  to  a  conscientious  discharge  of  the  duties  assumed. 


THE   WOMEN'S  AUXILIARY   COMMITTEE.  331 

A  weekly  visiting  committee  went  through  the  rooms  late  in  the  evening,  pre- 
pared, if  the  requisite  number  of  watchers  was  not  present,  to  remain  themselves. 
In  regard  to  the  labors  of  the  Women's  Auxiliary  Committee,  the  super- 
intendent bears  witness  that  their  never-failing  presence,  counsel,  and  zeal, 
rendered  the  efforts  of  the  association  economical  and  discriminating ;  and 
that,  through  their  ministrations,  many  a  home-sick,  suffering  soldier  has 
found  those  sympathies  and  that  unselfish  care  which  he  believed  he  should 
meet  only  in  his  distant  home  and  among  his  kindred. 

Now,  when  we  are  told  that  this  institution  has  been  carried  on,  that  these 
services  have  been  rendered,  at  a  cost  of  about  one  thousand  dollars  a  month, 
what  are  we  to  understand  ?  Simply  this :  that  a  few  gross,  practical  matters 
have  been  arranged  and  bargained  for,  money  being  the  coarse  and  senseless 
agent ;  but  that  nine-tenths  of  the  positive  utility  of  this,  and,  indeed,  of  all 
similar  enterprises,  flow  from  the  fact,  that  nearly  every  service  performed  is 
not  only  unbought,  but  unpurchasable.  The  rent,  certain  salaries,  a  few  arti- 
cles of  furniture,  food  and  medicines,  are  paid  for ;  upon  the  rest,  being  price- 
less, no  price  is  set  The  sympathetic  care  of  the  ladies  who  serve  by  day, 
of  the  devoted  young  men  who  watch  by  night;  the  supervision  of  those 
who  ask  and  expect  no  reward ;  the  spiritual  counsel,  which,  in  pulpits  such 
as  these,  at  least,  is  not  requited  in  measures  of  value;  the  hymns  which 
ascend  from  the  soldiers'  chapels,  unsalaried  and  unalloyed — who  shall  esti- 
mate the  money  value  of  that  which  money  cannot  buy  ?  The  purpose  of  this 
book  is,  indeed,  to  enable  both  the  writer  and  the  reader  to  form  some  idea  of 
what  has  been  gratuitously  done,  and,  for  want  of  a  better  standard,  to  meas- 
ure it  by  our  ordinary  methods ;  and  we  may  place  an  estimate  upon  the  mere 
manual  and  physical  labor  performed,  because  this  might  have  been  done  for 
wages ;  but  we  shall  not  make  the  mistake  of  seeking  to  reckon  the  money 
value  of  any  pains  assuaged,  any  life  preserved,  any  faith  sustained,  or  any 
death  made  hopeful. 

Our  space  not  permitting  us  to  do  more,  we  subjoin  a  list  of  the  members 
of  the  Women's  Auxiliary  Comtnittee  and  the  Night- Watchers'  Association 
for  the  year  1863  : 

WOMEN'S  AUXILIARY  COMMITTEE. 

MRS.  SAMUEL  OSGOOD,  Miss  GERTRUDE  NOTT,  Miss  ANNA  STERLING, 

'•'     J.  W.  POST,  "     FANNY  SETON,  "     MARY  PORTER, 

41     A.  BROOKES,  MRS.  FRANK  E.  HOWE,  MRS.  WOOLSEY  G.  STERLING, 

"     W.  GRAHAM  STERLING,  Miss  KNEELAND,  "     O.  B.  FROTHINGHAM, 

Miss  JOHNSTON,  MRS.  E.  W.  STOUGHTON,  Miss  JANE  S.  WOOLSEY, 

MRS.  G.  C.  COLLINS,  u     FREDERICK  G.  SWAN,  MRS.  NEHEMIAH  KNIGHT, 


332  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

MRS.  CHARLES  GOULD,  Miss  MART  E.  FARLESS,  MRS.  E.  E.  PEASLEE, 

Miss  MARIANNA  HALE,  "     SARAH  H.  BOSTWICK,  "     AV.  H.  BROWN. 

MRS.  E.  B.  MERRILL,  MRS.  GEORGE  BROWNE,  Miss  MARY  HILLARD, 

"     M.  O.  ROBERTS,  Miss  MARTIN,  MRS.  S.  C.  DOWNING. 

NIGHT-WATCHERS'  ASSOCIATION. 

Board  of  Directors. 
CHARLES  T.  COGGESHALL,  President.  W.  MADDREN,  Vice-President. 

E.  W.  COGGESHALL,  Secretary. 

8.  T.    BROKER,  J.  S.  COFFIN,  J.  V.  H.  NOTT, 

C.  T.   COGGESHALL,  E.  H.  CARLE,  A.  E.  OAKLEY, 

E.  W.  COGGESHALL,  JACOB  CAPSON,  E.  L.  PHIPPS, 

GEO.  H.  COOK,  J.  S.  FRANKLIN,  L.  PORTER, 

B.  H.  COOK,  R.  B.  LOCK  WOOD,  S.  H.  SEAMAN, 

JOHN  COCK,  C.  W.  LAWRENCE,  "W.  H.  SEAMAN, 

J.  W.  CARPENTER,  B.  MITCHELL,  F.  E.  ENGELHARDT. 

MARSHALL  CLEMENTS,  W.  MADDREN, 

The  Penn  Eelief  Association  of  Philadelphia  was  organized  on  the  7th  of 
May,  1862,  by  a  number  of  ladies,  "  who  felt  called  upon,  by  the  exigencies  of 
the  times,  to  leave  the  private  pursuits  of  home,  to  see  what  could  be  done 
towards  mitigating  suffering  in  our  military  hospitals." 

The  following  were  the  officers  of  the  Association  at  different  times : 

Presidents, 
RACHEL  S.  EVANS,  ANNA  M.  NEEDLES. 

Vice- Presidents, 

HANNAH  J.  JENKINS,  HDLDAH  JUSTICE, 

HETTIE  W.  CHAPMAN,  ELIZABETH  B.  GARRIGUEF. 

Recording  Secretaries, 
ANNA  P.  LITTLE,  ELIZABETH  NEWPORT. 

Corresponding  Secretaries, 
ANNA  R.  JUSTICE,  SALLIE  R.  GARRIGUES. 

Treasurers, 
MARY  M.  SCRANTON,  ANNA  S.  WHEATON. 

In  six  months  after  its  organization,  the  society  numbered  two  hundred 
members ;  visiting  committees  were  appointed,  the  hospitals  were  regularly 
looked  after,  weekly  reports  being  made  of  their  condition  and  needs.  The 
fame  of  the  association  extended  to  the  lines  of  the  army,  and  appeals  for  aid 
came  even  from  the  battle-field.  All  of  these  the  association  was  able  to 
answer,  and  during  the  first  year,  at  least,  they  had  the  gratifying  assurance 
that  all  the  stores  forwarded  reached  their  destination.  Pithy  acknowledg- 
ments from  the  recipients  told  how  welcome  they  were:  "That  keg  of  pickled 
cabbage  was  capital."  "  Those  onions  and  apples  were  very  acceptable.'' 


THE  PENN   RELIEF  ASSOCIATION.  333 

"Everything  was  in  perfect  order :  the  soldiers  appreciate  your  generosity. v 
"It  would  have  rejoiced  the  hearts  of  the  ladies  to  see  the  eyes  that  fell  on 
those  home-made-looking  loaves  and  rusk.  One  says,  '  Why,  this  reminds  me 
of  home ; '  and  another,  '  Yes,  and  they  taste  like  home,  too,  just  as  if  mother 
made  them.'  "  "  The  pillows  were  a  great  comfort :  one  boy  pressed  his  pillow 
to  his  cheek,  and  said,  '  Only  think  of  my  having  anything  as  nice  as  this  in 
camp !'  "  "I  took  some  of  your  farina  and  stewed  fruit  and  crackers  to  an  old 
man  of  sixty  in  the  convalescent  camp,  who  had  taken  nothing  for  four  days. 
He  ate  them  with  a  relish,  and  was  most  grateful."  "  The  ham  will  be  a  great 
luxury,  as  it  does  not  come  on  the  diet-table,  and  will  give  just  the  relish  the 
men  want  with  their  bread  and  butter.  I  shall  be  glad  no  longer  to  turn  a 
deaf  ear  to  the  frequent  call  for  pickles.  The  tomatoes  are  far  more  welcome 
than  jellies,  and  the  fruit  always  seems  to  come  fresh  from  the  hand  that 
picked  it.  The  sugar  was  the  kind  I  was  wanting  to  mix  with  some  oranges 
too  sour  to  be  risked  alone." 

The  regular  systematic  labor  of  the  Relief,  however,  was  in  the  United 
States  hospitals  located  in  Philadelphia.  Eighteen  of  them  were  indebted  to 
the  association  for  about  twenty  thousand  articles  during  the  first  year ;  an 
article  being  now  a  shirt,  now  a  pillow,  now  a  crutch,  now  a  bottle  of  wine, 
now  ajar  of  preserves;  while  ten  thousand  more  were  sent  to  remote  points 
and  to  armies  in  the  field.  Nine  tenths  of  the  receipts  of  the  society  were  in 
kind,  the  cash  donations  being  not  quite  $3,800. 

The  demands  upon  the  Relief  during  the  second  year  were  not  so  great  as 
during  the  first,  but  they  came  in  a  different  form.  The  soil  of  Pennsylvania 
was  invaded,  hospitals  and  scenes  of  suffering  were  multiplied  almost  at  the 
gates  of  the  city.  During  the  progress  of  the  campaign  that  closed  at  Gettys- 
burg, the  rooms  were  filled  with  ladies,  sewing,  packing,  and  dispatching 
goods  to  the  threatened  districts ;  and  the  Penn  Relief  stores  were  among  the 
first  that  reached  the  battle-field.  Several  of  the  members  offered  their  ser- 
vices as  nurses  in  the  improvised  hospitals  which  sprang  up  about  the  scene 
of  that  fierce  encounter. 

The  society  had  the  satisfaction — not  of  sending  boxes  of  stores  to  Rich- 
mond— but  of  receiving  the  assurance,  upon  their  being  sent  there,  that  the 
Union  prisoners,  for  whom  they  were  intended,  actually  received  them. 

The  cash  receipts  were  nearly  $6,400 ;  those  in  kind  were  large  enough  to 
enable  the  society  to  furnish  fourteen  thousand  two  hundred  and  thirty-two 
articles  to  hospitals  and  to  claimants  in  the  field.  It  continued  its  labors  as 
long  as  the  necessity  existed. 


334 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


IRCUMSTANCES  not  only  alter  cases,  but  they  even 
'invent  them,  and  sometimes  they  form  societies. 
The  Rose  Hill  Ladies'  Soldiers'  Relief  Association, 
of  New  York,  had  a  pleasant  and  accidental  origin. 
A  number  of  ladies  were  holding  a  raspberry  festi- 
val in  the  Twenty-seventh  Street  Church,  in  the 
summer  of  1862.  More  berries  had  been  provided 
than  were  eaten,  and  a  suggestion  made  by  one  of 
the  party  to  send  the  surplus  to  the  soldiers,  was 
acted  upon.  They  were  taken  to  Bellevue  Hospital, 

and  the  delight  and  gratitude  of  the  wounded  men  congregated  there  were 
such  that  the  ladies  who  had  been  on  the  first  errand,  went  again  and  again, 
laden  with  similar  gifts.  The  advantage  of  concerted  action  was  soon  made 
apparent,  and  on  the  12th  of  August,  the  organization  of  a  society,  named  as 
above,  was  effected.  The  object  was  the  relief  of  sick  and  wounded  soldiers 
in  the  hospitals  of  New  York  and  vicinity,  and  the  temporary  care  of  dis- 
charged soldiers,  even  if  not  sick  or  wounded.  The  officers  were  as  follows : 


First  Directress, 
MRS.  BICHARD  KELLY. 

Treasurer, 
MRS.  WILLIAM  RYER. 


Second  Directress, 
MRS.  C.  V.  CLARKSON. 

Recording  Secretary, 
MRS.  WILLIAM  HUNTING. 


Corresponding  Secretary,  MRS.  CHARLES  S.  WESTCOTT  ;  afterwards,  MRS.  A.  G.  DUNN. 

The  first  resources  of  the  society  were  contributions  made  by  its  own  mem- 
bers; these  were  augmented  by  a  concert  and  fair,  the  proceeds  of  which, 
nearly  $2,200,  enabled  it  to  continue  its  ministrations.  The  soldiers  were 
visited  almost  daily,  and  supplied  with  clothing  and  delicate  food;  the  board 
of  several  was  paid  at  St  Luke's  Hospital ;  some  were  furnished  with  means 
to  reach  their  homes,  and  one  was  sent  to  his  fatherland  in  Germany.  Several, 
who  would  otherwise  have  found  paupers'  graves,  were  decently  buried.  A 
Thanksgiving  dinner  was  famished  to  the  three  hundred  soldiers  collected  at 
Bellevue,  the  dinner  not  ceasing  with  the  dessert,  but  lingering  pleasantly  on, 
while  speeches  were  delivered  and  patriotic  songs  sung.  The  first  year's 
receipts  were  $3,400. 

During  the  second  year  both  the  means  and  the  sphere  of  action  of  the 
society  were  considerably  extended.  A  concert  by  Mr.  Gottschalk,  an  enter- 
tainment by  Mr.  Stephen  C.  Massett,  a  fair,  a  collection  at  the  Corn  Exchange, 
and  generous  private  donations,  enabled  the  ladies  of  Rose  Hill  to  enlarge 


TWO   HUNDRED   AND   FORTY-THREE   HOSPITALS.  335 

their  circle  of  visits,  and  while  continuing  their  ministrations  at  Bellevue  and 
St  Luke's,  to  include,  in  their  generous  work,  the  hospitals  of  Central  Park, 
Willett's  Point,  David's  Island,  Blackwell's  Island,  and  the  Battery.  Christ- 
mas and  Thanksgiving  dinners  were  given  to  all,  and  fruit  w£s  furnished  to 
tlie  Central  Park  on  the  Fourth  of  July. 

A  dying  soldier  placed  $50  in  the  hands  of  the  chaplain,  to  be  used  as  he 
thought  proper,  for  the  benefit  of  the  soldiers.  This  became  the  nucleus  of  a 
fund  for  the  purchase  of  an  organ  for  the  Willett's  Point  hospital.  Eighty 
dollars  more  were  obtained  by  special  contribution ;  a  sympathizing  firm  of 
organ  builders  offered  an  instrument  worth  $170  for  $130 ;  and  thus  it  was 
that  the  soldiers  sang  hymns  on  Sundays,  and  national  and  secular  airs  any 
other  day  they  liked.  The  second  year's  receipts  were  $6,100. 

The  society  maintained  its  organization  while  the  war  lasted,  and,  at  its 
close,  became  the  beneficiary  of  certain  unexpended  balances  of  recruiting  and 
bounty  funds. 

The  associations  which  we  have  mentioned  in  this  chapter,  though  the 
most  important  of  those  which  have  kept  up  an  independent  existence,  are  by 
no  means  all.  At  one  period  there  were  in  the  country  TWO  HUNDRED  AND 
FORTY-THREE  government  hospitals,  and  every  one  of  them  either  attracted  to 
itself  its  regular  circle  of  ministering  attendants,  or,  if  left  to  the  chance  visits 
and  sympathy  of  those  who  were  drawn  thither  by  accident,  hardly  suffered 
in  comparison  with  the  others.  The  number  of  persons  who  have  performed 
these  errands  of  love,  if  it  could  be  computed,  would  doubtless  astound  us ; 
and  they  all  went  away  empty-handed.  Many  a  man,  who  formerly  spent  his 
thousands  a  year  upon  his  picture  gallery  or  his  library,  has  diverted  the  cur- 
rent of  his  bounty :  many  a  woman  has  practised. daily,  systematic  self-denial, 
that  she  might  go  better  laden  to  the  sick  soldier's  bedside.  The  brief  sketches 
which  we  have  given  of  certain  organized  efforts  to  make  a  sojourn  in  the 
hospital  more  tolerable,  must  not  only  stand  for  themselves,  but  for  those  we 
have  omitted :  and  they  may  serve,  with  this  reminder,  to  fix  in  the  reader's 
memory  the  fact,  that  hundreds  of  thousands  of  persons,  belonging  to  no 
regular  hospital  aid  society,  visited  the  hospitals  as  the  spirit  moved.  The 
basket  on  the  arm,  the  distended  pocket,  the  burdened  servant,  told  plainly 
enough  what  the  errand  was,  where  the  heart  and  sympathies  were.  We  shall 
try  to  put  all  this  into  figures  in  another  place. 


CHAPTER    IX. 


HRISTIANITY  in  the  army !  A  worthy  object,  worthi- 
ly undertaken,  and,  as  we  shall  see,  untiringly  and  suc- 
cessfully prosecuted.  The  efforts  to  bring  evangelical 
influences  to  bear  upon  the  armies  of  the  United  States, 
which,  at  a  later  period,  assumed  concerted  action  under 
the  name  of  the  Christian  Commission,  commenced  in 
an  isolated  manner  in  the  city  of  New  York,  on  the  18th  of  April,  1861. 
Delegates  from  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association,  of  that  city,  met  the 
Massachusetts  Sixth  on  its  passage,  and  on  the  next  day  visited  the  New 
York  Seventh,  then  preparing  to  start  for  "Washington.  This  association, 
and  similar  organizations  in  other  cities,  made  certain  of  their  members  Army 
Committees,  and  these  persons  spent  the  three  months  previous  to  the  battle 


FIRST  SUGGESTION   OF  A  CHRISTIAN  COMMISSION.  337 

of  Bull  Run  in  visiting  the  camps  and  barracks,  holding  prayer-meetings,  and 
distributing  Testaments,  hymn-books,  and  tracts. 

Mr.  Vincent  Colyer,  who  had  been  from  the  outset  a  delegate  of  the  Chris- 
tian Association  of  New  York,  and  who  had  received  in  August  a  permit 
from  General  Scott  "to  pass  through  the  United  States  lines  at  all  times,  in 
the  prosecution  of  his  benevolent  labors  in  the  camps  and  hospitals,"  wrote  a 
letter,  in  October,  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Committee  for  calling  a  Convention 
of  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Associations  of  the  United  States,  in  which 
occurred  the  following  passages : 

"  I  wish  to  ask  the  committee,  of  which  you  are  the  honored  secretary,  to 
earnestly  consider  the  propriety  of  calling  a  general  convention,  at  some 
central  place,  at  the  earliest  practicable  day,  to  consider  the  spiritual  wants  of 
the  young  men  of  our  army,  in  order  that  the  same  may  be  provided  for  by 
the  appointing  of  a  '  Christian  Commission,'  whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  take 
entire  charge  of  this  work. 

*****  *  # 

"  The  labor  is  so  extensive,  and  needs  such  large  resources,  that  single 
associations  can  do  but  little,  and  for  them  to  act  independently  of  each  other, 
is  to  increase  vastly  the  expenses,  while  the  labor  accomplished  will  be  less ; 
and  while  some  sections  will  receive  too  much  attention,  others  will  be  com- 
paratively neglected. 

"  I  need  not  say  what  a  blessing  such  a  work  will  prove  to  the  associations 
themselves.  It  is  well  known  that  many  of  these  societies  are  now  languish- 
ing for  the  want  of  means  to  meet  their  current  expenses;  and  it  might 
reasonably  be  asked,  seemingly,  how  can  they,  then,  undertake  a  new  and 
extensive  work  like  this  ?  The  answer  is,  they  can  readily  collect  money  for 
this  special  army  mission,  when  they  cannot  for  any  thing  else.  The  commu- 
nity is  so  sensitively  alive  to  the  wants  of  the  soldiers — nearly  every  city,  town, 
village,  or  family,  having  their  own  citizens  or  members  in  the  army — that 
the  subject  takes  immediate  hold  of  their  sympathies,  and  will  command  their 
ready  aid  and  support.  We  have  tried  it,  and  found  it  so. 

{i  Having  had  a  personal  interview  with  the  president  of  your  committee, 
and  learned  his  hearty  readiness  to  co-operate  in  this  work,  I  visited  Boston, 
and  there  met  with  an  equally  cordial  response.  That  society  will  send  an 
able  delegate,  and  our  New  York  Society  will  select  a  prominent  citizen  and 
member  to  represent  it,  and,  I  doubt  not,  if  the  time  had  admitted,  other 
societies  would  have  promised  the  same.  I  therefore  pray  that  a  convention 

of  all  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Associations  may  be  called  at  an  early  day." 
22 


338 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


A  convention  of  delegates  from  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Associations 
of  the  country,  such  as  was  here  suggested,  was  called,  and  met  at  New  York, 
on  the  16th  of  November,  1861.  Up  to  this  time  the  delegates  of  the  various 
Christian  Associations  had  received  and  disbursed  about  $15,000  in  money 
and  stores.  A  consolidated  United  States  Christian  Commission  was  now 
decided  upon,  and  the  following  persons  were  appointed  to  constitute  it : 


EEV.  ROLLIN  H.  NEALE,  D.  D.,  Boston. 

REV.  BISHOP  E.  S.  JANES,  D.  D.,  New  York. 

GEO.  H.  STUAET,  Philadelphia. 

REV.  M.  L.  R.  P.  THOMPSON,  D.  D.,  Cincinnati. 

JOHN  V.  FARWELL,  Chicago. 

HON.  B.  F.  MANIEEBE,  New  York. 


CHARLES  DEM-OND,  Boston. 

MITCHELL  II.  MILLER,  Washington. 

JOHN  P.  CROZER,  Philadelphia. 

COL.  CLINTON  B.  FISK,  St.  Louis. 

JOHN  D.  HILL,  M.  D.,  Buffalo. 

REV.  BENJ.  C.  CUTLER,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


The  two  latter  gentlemen  retired  during  the  first  year,  and  their  places 
were  filled  by  Mr.  Jay  Cooke,  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  Rev.  James  Eells,  of 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  Headquarters,  at  first  established  in  New  York,  were  sub- 
sequently removed  to  Philadelphia. 

The  board  of  officers  and  the  executive  committee  of  the  commission 
stood,  after  several  appointments  and  resignations,  composed  of  the  following 
gentlemen : 


Chairman, 
GEO.  H.  STUART. 


Treasurer, 
Jos.  PATTERSON. 


Secretary, 
REV.  W.  E.  BOARDMAN. 

Executive  Committee. 

GEO.  H.  STUART,  Chairman,  Philadelphia.  CHARLES  DEMOND,  Boston. 

REV.  BISHOP  E.  S.  JANES,  D.  D.,  New  York.  JOHN  P.  CROZER,  Philadelphia. 

JAY  COOKE,  Philadelphia. 

The  object  of  the  commission  was  to  promote  the  spiritual  and  temporal 
welfare  of  the  officers  and  men  of  the  United  States  army  and  navy,  in  co- 
operation with  chaplains  and  others ;  and,  as  subsidiary  to  this,  "  to  arouse  the 
Christian  associations  and  the  Christian  men  and  women  of  the  loyal  states  to 
such  action  towards  the  men  in  our  army  and  navy,  as  would  be  pleasing  to 
the  Master ;  to  obtain  and  direct  volunteer  labors,  and  to  collect  stores  and 
money  with  which  to  supply  whatever  was  needed,  reading  matter,  and 
articles  necessary  for  health  not  furnished  by  government  or  other  agencies, 
and  to  give  the  officers  and  men  of  our  army  and  navy  the  best  Christian  min- 
istries for  both  body  and  soul  possible  in  their  circumstances." 


ARMY  COMMITTEES.  339 

The  first  work  of  the  commission  was  to  make  its  objects  known,  and  to 
create  an  interest  in  its  plans  and  purposes ;  the  second  was  to  appeal  to  the 
people,  if  they  liked  the  design,  for  the  means  of  carrying  it  out ;  the  third,  to 
devote  the  stores  thus  obtained,  whither  collected  or  purchased,  to  the  uses 
intended.  The  public  attention  was  speedily  enlisted,  the  machinery  used 
being  the  very  simple  one  of  public  meetings. 

The  Boston  Army  Committee  held  eight  such  meetings  in  Boston,  and 
twenty-eight  in  various  parts  of  New  England,  during  the  first  year,  collecting 
$7,500,  and  forwarding  seven  hundred  packages  of  stores.  They  held  six 
hundred  and  thirteen  prayer-meetings  on  board  the  receiving  ship  Ohio,  the 
crowded  assemblages  reaching  down  far  below  the  water-line,  using  in  their 
labors  some  twenty  thousand  copies  of  prayer-books,  Testaments,  hymn-books, 
and  tracts. 

The  Brooklyn  Army  Committee  held  twenty  meetings-  in  the  churches,  in 
behalf  of  the  soldiers,  collected  and  distributed  two  hundred  and  sixty-three 
barrels  and  boxes  of  stores,  ten  thousand  bound  volumes,  fifteen  thousand 
magazines  and  pamphlets,  twenty-five  thousand  papers,  one  hundred  thousand 
pages  of  tracts.  The- value  of  these  stores  and  publications  was  about  $25,000 ; 
the  money  disbursed,  about  $3,800. 

The  Philadelphia  Army  Committee  began  at  a  date  somewhat  earlier  than 
the  others,  and  labored  through  the  heat  and  burden  of  the  day.  On  every 
Sabbath  evening  of  the  year;  with  the  exception  of  one  or  two  in  midsummer, 
meetings  were  held  in  churches  of  all  denominations ;  these  were  invariably 
crowded,  and  the  exercises  were  always  interesting,  often  thrilling.  Fifty 
delegates,  principally  clergymen,  were  sent  to  the  field,  two  hundred  others 
prosecuting  the  home  work  in  the  camps  and  hospitals.  Three  hundred  and 
forty-five  religious  meetings  were  held  with  soldiers  and  sailors.  The  govern- 
ment having  failed  to  supply  the  hospitals  with  milk,  the  committee  made  an 
arrangement  with  dairymen,  by  which  forty  thousand  quarts  were  furnished, 
fifteen  hundred  quarts  having  been  a  gratuitous  contribution.  The  commit- 
tee also  undertook  the  labor  of  keeping  a  complete  record  of  all  Pennsylvania 
soldiers  in  and  around  the  city,  engaging  to  visit  them  weekly,  to  assist  them 
in  communicating  with  their  homes,  and  to  give  them  opportunities  for  reli- 
gious conversation  and  spiritual  benefit.  The  Philadelphia  Central  Office, 
which  disbursed  not  only  its  own  collections,  but  such  other  funds  as  were 
sent  to  it  by  local  committees,  received  and  expended  $20.000  in  money,  and 
over  $90,000  in  stores,  during  the  first  year. 

The  Maryland  Committee  may  be  said  to  have  been  already  in  existence 


340  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

when  the  Christian  Commission  was  organized.  Mr.  G.  S.  Griffith  had,  at  the 
first  outbreak,  called  a  meeting  of  clergymen  and  laymen,  of  different  de- 
nominations, at  his  house  in  Baltimore,  for  the  purpose  of  forming  an  associa- 
tion to  minister  to  the  spiritual  needs  of  the  army.  He  urged  the  importance 
of  exerting  a  moral  influence  over  the  thousands  that  were  even  then  rushing 
to  arms;  of  furnishing  them  with  good  reading-matter,  and  of  enabling  chap- 
lains to  work  efficiently  among  them.  Such  an  association  was  formed  that 
night;  it  was  called  the  Baltimore  Christian  Association,  and  fifty  men  at 
once  entered  their  field  of  duty  under  its  auspices.  "When  the  United  States 
Christian  Commission  was  organized,  the  Baltimore  Association  became  aux- 
iliary to  it,  under  the  name  of  the  Maryland  Committee,  Mr.  Griffith  becoming 
chairman,  Dr.  John  N.  McJilton,  secretary,  and  Rev.  George  P.  Hays,  treasu- 
rer. The  district  under  their  immediate  control  comprised  Maryland,  Dela- 
ware, and  Western  Virginia,  Occupying  a  delicate  position  in  a  community 
which  was  far  from  sympathizing  with  them,  they  made  up  for  their  disadvan- 
tage of  situation  by  zeal.  They  sent  sixty  delegates  to  the  field  during  the 
first  year,  while  five  hundred  persons,  male  and  female,  found  constant  em- 
ployment at  home,  in  camp  and  hospital.  They  held  eight  hundred  and  sixty 
prayer-meetings,  distributing,  besides  Bibles,  praver-books,  and  pamphlets, 
four  million  pages  of  tracts.  They  expended,  in  local  work,  $2,800,  and 
distributed  five  hundred  cases'of  stores. 

The  "Washington  Committee  had  an  almost  boundless  field  of  work, 
and  labored  in  it  indefatigably.  They  held  five  hundred  religious  meetings, 
distributed  twenty  thousand  Testaments,  and  nearly  half  a  million  pages  of 
tracts.  One  special  opportunity  was  offered  to  this  association,  and  they 
employed  a  missionary  to  profit  by  it  The  teamsters  and  laborers  con- 
nected with  the  Quartermaster's  Department  were  herded  together  in  two 
vast  camps,  away  from  home  influence,  surrounded  by  temptation,  obtaining 
liquor  easily,  knowing  no  Sabbath,  caring  for  no  one,  and  with  no  one, 
apparently,  to  care  for  them.  They  would  not  attend  church,  though  invited 
to  do  so.  Into  the  midst  of  these  hardened  outcasts  came  one  day  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Lyford,  the  missionary  of  the  association,  accompanied  by  his  wife, 
who  was  proficient  in  sacred  music.  They  stood  upon  a  box  and  began  to 
sing.  A  woman  singing  is  vastly  more  winning  than  a  man  praying,  in 
the  view  of  such  a  multitude,  and  they  collected  to  listen.  After  the  sing- 
ing, they  heard  a  familiar  talk  about  their  families,  about  their  hardships, 
and  those  who  were  willing  and  anxious  to  lighten  them  ;  then  another  song, 
and,  finally,  prayer.  The  responsive  chord  had  been  touched  at  last,  and  the 


ARMY   COMMITTEES. 


341 


blasphemous  throng  were  soon  after  building  a  canvas  chapel.  Planks  placed 
across  bales  of  hay  formed  seats,  and  a  rude  pulpit  was  constructed  with 
barrels  and  boxes,  and  here  regular  services  were  afterwards  held.  In  the 
other  teamsters'  park  was  an  abandoned  school-house,  and  when  the  genial 
influence  had  reached  them  from  the  neighboring  camp,  they  took  it  for  a 
church,  enlarging  it  by  the  addition  of  an  awning,  so  that  the  preacher 
could  stand  in  the  doorway,  and  speak  to  the  men  both  inside  and  out. 


CHRISTIAN    COMMISSION    IN   THE   FIELD. 


The  Chicago  Committee  held  thirty-eight  public  meetings,  in  which  the 
claims  of  the  cause  were  forcibly  presented.  They  expended  $4,000,  dis- 
tributed one  hundred  thousand  books,  papers,  and  tracts,  and  four  hundred 
packages  of  stores.  They  sent  thirty  delegates  to  the  field,  the  home  work 
being  divided  among  several  hundred  persons.  Twelve  hundred  religious 
meetings  were  held ;  a  chapel  was  built  in  Camp  Douglas,  the  ladies  furnishing 
the  materials,  and  the  soldiers  doing  the  work.  Services  were  of  daily  occur- 
rence, and  a  thousand  persons  were  often  present.  The  members  of  the  com- 
mission went  about  among  the  men,  offering  healthy  reading  in  exchange  for 
playing-cards,  and  plying,  it  seems,  a  very  prosperous  trade.  After  a  season 
of  revivals,  and  at  a  time  when  several  regiments  were  about  to  leave  for  the 


342  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

south,  a  Soldiers'  Communion  was  proposed.  The  denominational  differences 
of  the  various  regimental  chaplains  were  harmonized,  and  an  order  of  exercises 
satisfactory  to  all  was  agreed  upon.  Long  before  the  hour  the  chapel  was 
crowded.  Chaplain  Stoughton  warned  all  present  against  eating  and  drinking 
irreverently,  or  even  thoughtlessly.  Mr.  Hoag,  whose  son,  an  Illinois  colonel, 
was  among  those  intending  to  commune,  served  the  bread  and  wine.  Over 
two  hundred  took  the  proffered  sacrament — war-worn  veterans  from  the  Poto- 
mac, and  recruits  fresh  from  their  homes  and  pastures.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Patter- 
son wrote  in  November  of  this  year  :  "  God  is  evidently  at  work  in  our  army. 
To-day,  at  noon  meeting,  a  man  who  was  so  wicked  that  the  men  removed  his 
tent  out  of  hearing,  stood  up  and  thanked  God  for  his  conversion." 

The  Western  Army  Committee,  of  St.  Louis,  had  much  to  discourage 
them  during  the  first  year.  They  nevertheless  held  three  public  meetings  on 
the  soldiers'  behalf,  and  two  hundred  and  forty-seven  religious  meetings  with 
the  soldiers.  They  expended  $2,200,  and  distributed  ninety  thousand  books, 
papers,  and  pamphlets,  and  seven  hundred  and  twenty  thousand  pages  of  tracts. 
Services  were  held  in  Camp  Jackson,  and  semi-weekly  prayer-meetings  at 
Camp  Benton,  and  opportunities  were  sometimes  found  on  board  of  steamboats 
and  on  railroad  trains.  On  one  occasion  a  delegate  was  speaking  to  an  assem- 
bled regiment  upon  the  vice  of  profanity.  The  colonel  begged  him  to  pause  a 
moment,  and  then  suggested  to  the  men,  that  if  the  regiment  had  any  swear- 
ing to  do,  its  colonel  was  the  proper  man  to  do  it,  and  asked  them  if  they 
were  willing  to  leave  it  to  him  ;  proposing  that  all  who  would-  pledge  them- 
selves not  to  utter  an  oath  till  they  heard  one  from  his  lips,  should  raise  their 
right  hands.  Every  hand  was  raised :  the  whole  thousand  took  an  oath  that 
that  oath  should  be  their  last. 

The  Peoria  Committee  was  organized  immediately  after  the  formation  of 
the  Peoria  Camp.  Prayer-meetings  were  held  till  the  camp  was  broken  up — 
eighty  in  all.  Fifteen  thousand  books  and  papers,  and  thirty  thousand  pages 
of  tracts,  were  distributed.  Here,  as  elsewhere,  the  evidence  of  the  delegates 
was,  that  as  long  as  they  had  good  reading-matter  to  disseminate,  as  long  as 
there  was  a  library  accessible  to  the  men,  so  long  order  and  discipline  were 
easily  maintained  ;  but  that  cards  appeared  when  the  books  gave  out,  and 
that  playing  for  amusement  soon  degenerated  into  gambling,  and  that  one 
vice  speedily  brought  the  others  in  its  train. 

The  Army  Committee  of  Louisville,  with  twenty  thousand  soldiers  around 
them,  found  their  means  small  compared  with  the  work  at  hand.  The 
central  treasury  afforded  all  the  aid  in  its  power  enabling  them  to  till  a 


SUMMARY   OF  THE   FIRST  YEAR.  343 

portion  of  the  field.  Sunday  services  were  held  in  all  the  hospitals,  and 
prayer-meetings  in  the  camps  around  the  city.  Seven  thousand  books  and 
papers,  and  thirty  thousand  pages  of  tracts,  were  distributed. 

The  New  York  Committee  was  not  ready  for  work  during^  this  year,  the 
constant  calls  upon  the  purses  of  the  citizens  for  other  purposes  causing  a 
delay  of  some  months. 

In  regard  to  the  facilities  of  the  Christian  Commission  for  accomplishing  a 
great  deal  at  small  cost,  the  following  facts  appear:  The  delegates  sent  to 
the  front,  as  well  as  those  employed  upon  the  home  work,  were,  for  the  most 
part,  clergymen,  and  gave  their  services  freely.  Ample  means  were  secured 
in  this  way  to  distribute  all  the  stores  contributed,  or  purchased  with  moneys 
subscribed.  Office-room,  storage,  the  services  of  clerks  and  porters  at  the 
central  office  in  Philadelphia,  were  all  given  by  the  chairman  of  the  commis- 
sion, Mr.  George  H.  Stuart,  who  also  Devoted  his  own  time  and  labor  to  the 
cause,  without  charge.  The  government  and  its  officers  furnished  transporta- 
tion, passes,  stores,  and  the  use  of  ambulances.  All  railroads  applied  to 
gave  free-  passes  to  delegates,  and  all  telegraph  companies  free  transmission 
of  business  dispatches.  The  American  Bible  Society  gave  Testaments  by  the 
thousand;  the  American  Tract  Society  furnished  tracts  literally  by  the  mil- 
lion pages  ;  and  the  various  publication  societies  and  boards,  countless  num- 
bers of  their  numerous  useful  issues.  The  people  gave  money  and  stores. 
The  following  table  of  the  first  year's  operations  gives  a  comprehensive  view 
of  what  was  accomplished  : 

Number  of  Christian  ministers  and  laymen  commissioned  to  minister,  at  the 

seat  of  war,  to  men  on  the  field,  and  in  camps  and  hospitals 356 

Number  of  Christians  actively  working  with  the  army  committees  in  the  home 

work 1,033 

Meetings  held  with  soldiers  and  sailors,  in  camps  and  hospitals,  exclusive  of 

those  at  the  seat  of  war 3,945 

Public  meetings  held  on  behalf  of  the  soldiers  and  sailors 188 

Bibles  and  Testaments  distributed 102,560 

Books  (large  and  small)  for  soldiers,  distributed 115,757 

Magazines  and  pamphlets,  religious  and  secular,  distributed 34,653 

Soldiers'  and  sailors'  hymn  and  psalm  books  distributed 130,697 

Papers  distributed 384,781 

Pages  of  tracts,  &c.,  distributed 10,953,706 

Temperance  documents  distributed 300,000 

Libraries  supplied  to  hospitals,  &c 23 

Boxes  and  barrels  of  stores  and  publications  distributed 3,691 

In  the  following  table  the  money  value  of  all  contributions  and  services  is 
given,  as  near  as  may  be  : 


344  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK/ 

Cash  receipts  at  Central  and  Branch  Offices $40,160  29 

Value  of  stores  and  publications 142,150  00 

"      "  delegates'  services 21,360  00 

"      "  Railroad  facilities 13,680  00 

"      "  Telegraph     "         3,650  00 

"      "  Scriptures  furnished  by  the  American  Bible  Society 10,256  00 


Total $231,256  29 

The  second  year  opened  with  still  brighter  promises  for  the  Christian 
Commission.  The  New  York  Committee  was  finally  organized,  and  their 
plans  were  laid  for  a  vigorous  campaign.  Their  field  of  operations  was 
set  down  thus :  the  vessels  of  war,  the  transports  fitted  out  in  the  harbor, 
and  the  squadrons  supplied  from  them — that  is,  the  bulk  of  the  navy ;  all 
the  forts,  camps,  and  hospitals  around  New  York  not  otherwise  cared  for ; 
and  the  armies,  camps  and  hospitals  on  the  entire  Atlantic  coast.  One  hun- 
dred and  fifty  thousand  men  were  embraced  within  this  plan,  one-tenth  of 
them  estimated  to  be  in  hospitals.  The  field  of  supply  for  the  New  York 
branch  treasury  was  thus  assigned  :  New  York,  Connecticut,  and  eastern  New 
Jersey. 

The  most  imposing  public  meeting  held  in  behalf  of  the  commission 
took  place  in  New  York,  February  9th,  1863,  at  the  Academy  of  Music, 
under  the  presidency  of  Lieutenant-General  Scott.  The  edifice  was  densely 
crowded.  The  audience  were  requested  not  to  indulge  in  applause  upon  the 
entrance  of  the  presiding  officer.  They  might  evince  their  respect  by  silently 
rising,  thus  testifying  their  veneration  for  a  twice  sacred  cause — sacred  in  its 
objects,  and  sacred  in  the  day  on  which  its  claims  were  urged.  This  request 
was  implicitly  obeyed.  The  addresses  made  during  the  evening  were  in  the 
highest  degree  impressive ;  their  influence  was  felt  throughout  the  city  and 
surrounding  country ;  and  the  New  York  Committee  commenced  their  labors 
with  §10,000  in  the  treasury,  the  result  of  this  single  meeting. 

During  this  year  the  commission  had  free  transportation  upon  twenty 
thousand  miles  of  railway,  and  sent  and  received  unpaid  dispatches  over  as 
many  miles  of  wire.  Ministers  and  laymen  gave  their  services  in  greater 
numbers  than  before.  The  large  hotels  throughout  the  country  opened  their 
doors  to  the  delegates,  and  spread  their  tables  with  the  best  before  them,  and 
made  no  charge.  The  rich  contributed  generously,  and  the  offerings  of  the 
poor  were  perhaps  more  generous  still,  even  if  not  so  large.  The  churches, 
the  aid  societies,  the  children,  were  never  more  active  ;  collections  were  never 
more  numerous,  while  no  one  grumbled  at  their  frequency.  Gifts  were 
received  from  Americans  abroad,  and  a  helping  hand  was  even  extended 


AX   APPEAL  FOR   ICE. 


34o 


from  missionaries  in  China,  India,  Turkey  and  Labrador.  The  soldiers  made 
requisitions  upon  their  regimental  funds,  and  the  subscription-book  was  even 
handed  about  on  the  decks  of  men-of-war,  and  deep  down  in  the  forecastle. 
The  officers  of  the  Pocahontas  sent  $44,  and  the  crew  $101.50.  The  Bible 
Society  continued  to  furnish  Testaments  without  stint  and  without  price ;  tract 
houses  and  publishers  of  religious  papers  gave  large  quantities  of  their  pub- 
lications, and  furnished  others  at  cost. 


A  GUNBOAT  SUBSCRIPTION   IN    AID  OF  THE  CHRISTIAN   COMMISSION. 

The  means  adopted  to  reach  the  public  ear  were  simple,  and  cost  literally 
nothing.  Now  and  then  a  public  meeting,  the  sympathetic  action  of  the 
churches,  and  the  constant  iteration  of  the  daily  press,  unbought  and  free, 
constituted  the  sole  machinery.  Delegates  returned  from  the  field  told  their 
story  from  place  to  place,  and  never  in  vain.  After  the  battle  of  Gettysburg, 
Messrs.  Tobey  and  Demond,  of  the  Boston  Christian  Association,  sat  at  a 
table  in  the  Merchants'  Exchange,  and  received  from  persons  who  had  been 
moved,  but  not  personally  solicited,  $40,000.  An  appeal  for  ice  for  the 
sailors  sweltering  in  iron-clads  under  the  midsummer  sun  at  Charleston,  was 
circulated  at  the  dinner-tables  at  Saratoga,  under  the  auspices  of  Mr.  Stuart 
and  Governor  Morgan  of  New  York.  Such  an  appeal,  made  where  the  adepts 
were  cooling  their  champagne,  and  the  unskillful  were  icing  their  claret — 
where  the  refreshing  crystal  lay  in  capacious  bowls,  and  where  silver-capped 


346  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

bottles  were  plunged  up  to  their  necks  in  tlie  grateful  refrigerant — was  not 
likely  to  pass  unheeded,  and  it  did  not.  In  less  than  twenty-four  hours,  an 
order  for  $3,200  worth  of  ice  had  been  telegraphed  to  Boston,  and  the  cargo 
was  on  its  way  to  the  south.  The  city  of  Providence,  where  no  aid  had  as 
yet  been  asked,  contributed  $7,000  in  ten  days.  The  town  of  Pottsville,  in 
Pennsylvania,  gave  $3,000,  and  a  generous  donation  of  coal  to  soldiers'  families. 
This  coal,  or  the  first  instalment  of  it,  three  hundred  tons,  came  without  charge 
over  the  Reading  Railroad.  The  Thanksgiving  offerings  of  such  churches 
as,  in  1863,  made  their  alms  and  oblations  through  the  Christian  Commis- 
sion, amounted  to  $90,000.  At  a  single  meeting  at  the  Church  of  the 
Epiphany,  in  Philadelphia,  $12,000  were  contributed ;  $9,000  were  received 
from  ordinary  church  collections  during  the  year.  The  American  Bible 
Society's  contributions  in  copies  of  the  Scriptures  were  of  the  money  value  of 
$45,000.  The  collections  of  the  New  York  Army  Committee  amounted  to  no 
less  a  sum  than  $60,000,  obtained  principally  by  personal  application,  or 
from  churches.  The  value  of  the  three  million  tracts,  papers,  &c.,  distributed 
by  the  New  York  Committee,  was  over  $27,000. 

Early  in  1863,  President  Lincoln  received  the  following  letter : 

"  DEAR  PRESIDENT  : 

"  I  hope  you  will  pardon  me  for  troubling  you.  Ohio  is  my  native  State, 
and  I  so  much  wish  to  send  a  trifle  in  the  shape  of  a  £5  Bank  of  England 
note,  to  buy  Bibles  for  the  poor,  wounded  soldiers  of  the  North,  which  I  hope 

they  may  read. 

"Yours,  very  respectfully, 

"MARY  TALBOT  SORLY, 
"Fircliff,  Darby  Dale,  Derbyshire,  England.'' 

This  five  pound  note  was  sent  by  Mr.  Lincoln  to  Mr.  Stuart. 

The  value  of  the  contributions  of  all  kinds  to  the  Christian  Commission 
during  the  year  1863,  and  the  amount  of  work  done,  are  given  in  the  follow- 
ing tables : 

Cash  received  at  the  Central  and  Branch  Offices $358,239  29 

Value  of  stores  contributed 385,829  07 

"     Scriptures  contributed  by  the  American  Bible  Society 45,071  50 

»             "                 "              "         British  and  Foreign  Bible  Society 1,67779 

"     railroad  facilities  contributed 44,210  00 

"    telegraph         "            "             9,390  00 

"     delegates'  services 72,420  00 

Total..  $916,837  65 


THE   MARYLAND   STATE   FAIR.  347 

Christian  ministers  and  laymen  commissioned  to  minister  to  men  on  battle-fields, 

and  in  camps,  hospitals  and  ships 1,207 

Copies  of  Scriptures  distributed 465,715 

Hymn  and  Psalm  Books  distributed 371,859 

Knapsack  Books  distributed > 1,254,591 

Library         u  "  39,713 

Magazines  and  Pamphlets  distributed 120,492 

Religious  Newspapers  2,931,469 

Pages  of  Tracts  "  11,976,722 

Silent  Comforters,  &c.,  '•  3,285 

Boxes  forwarded 12,648 

During  its  third  year  the  Christian  Commission  held  its  only  fair,  an  event 
which  occurred  in  this  wise :  The  first  suggestion  relative  to  a  fair  in  Balti- 
more, was  made  by  Mrs.  C.  J.  Bowen  in  the  spring  of  1864,  in  a  conversation 
with  Mrs.  Alex.  Turnbull.  The  idea  was,  in  the  minds  of  these  ladies,  that  it 
should  be  held  for  the  benefit  of  the  Sanitary  Commission,  but  when  submit- 
ted to  Mrs.  Alpheus  Hyatt,  was  amended  so  as  to  admit  the  Christian  Com- 
mission upon  equal  terms.  In  this  form  the  proposition  was  laid  before  the 
Maryland  Committee  of  the  Commission,  who  regarded  it  with  favor,  and 
furnished  all  assistance  in  its  power,  and  offering,  as  an  earnest  of  its  good- 
will, to  become  responsible  for  the  necessary  expenses  of  preparation.  A 
meeting  of  ladies  was  called,  and  the  Maryland  State  Fair  Association  organ- 
ized. The  offices  were  at  first  filled  by  the  appointment  of  ladies,  but  as  the 
undertaking  seemed  somewhat  too  arduous  to  be  confided  to  them  alone,  gen- 
tlemen were  selected  to  assist  them.  The  Board  of  Directors  and  the  Execu- 
tive Committee  were  thus  constituted  : 

President, 
MKS.  Gov.  BRADFORD,  assisted  by  WM.  J.  ALBERT. 

Treasurer, 
"    ALPJIEUS  HYATT,  assisted  by  HENRY  JANES. 

Recording  Secretary, 
"    CAMILLUS  KIDDER,  assisted  by  JAMES  CAREY  COALE. 

Corresponding  Secretary, 
"    ALMIRA  LINCOLN  PIIELPS,  assisted  by  JAMES  CAREY  COALE. 

Joint  Executive  Committee. 

MRS.  ALEX.  TURNBULL,  assisted  by  GEN.  JOHN  S.  BERRY. 
"    C.  J.  BOWEN,  assisted  by  Jos.  II.  MEREDITH. 
"    A.  LINCOLN  PIIELPS,  assisted  by  GERARD  T.  HOPKINS. 
"    WM.  J.  ALBERT,  assisted  by  JAMES  CAREY  COALE. 
"    ALPHEUS  HYATT,  assisted  by  THOS.  J.  MORRIS. 
"    CAMILLUS  KIDDER,  assisted  by  GEO.  GILDERSLEAVE. 
"    JAMES  D.  MASON,  assisted  by  JAMES  W.  TYSON. 
"    JOHN  S.  BERRY,  assisted  by  JAMES  D.  MASON. 
"    CHAELES  SPILCKER,  assisted  by  REV.  JOHN  W.  RANDOLPH.  . 


348  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Ladies'  Committee  on  Reception,  MRS.  ROYAL  T.  CHURCH,  Chairman. 

Finance  Committee,  Tiros.  SWANX,  Chairman. 

Committee  on  Fine  Arts,  GEO.  B.  COALE,  Chairman. 

Committee  on  Rooms  and  Decorations,  WOODWARD  ABRAHAMS,  Chairman. 

Committee  on  Order,  SEBASTIAX  F.  STREETER,  Chairman. 

Committee  on  Lectures,  Hox.  HUGH  L.  BOND,  Chairman. 

The  labor  of  preparation  continued  for  several  weeks,  the  difficulties  and 
embarrassments  which,  under  the  most  favorable  circumstances,  attend  such 
enterprises,  being,  for  obvious  reasons,  more  numerous  and  formidable  in  Bal- 
timore than  elsewhere.  But  the  zeal  of  the  ladies  shone  brightest  under 


JlALTI.MOIiE    PARALLELS. 
RESISTING  THE  SOLDIERS.  APRIL  19lH,  1861.  GIVING  THE  SOLDIERS  AID  AND  COMFOKT,  APRIL  19TII,  1864 

discouragement,  and  the  idea  of  failure,  or  even  postponement,  was  never 
entertained.     The  fair  opened  on  the  appointed  day. 

The  Maryland  State  fair  was  held  in  the  hall  of  the  Maryland  Institute,  a 
long  and  narrow  building,  of  capacity  far  greater  than  would  appear  at  first 
sight.  In  this  one  building  were  the  immense  hall  in  which  the  fair  proper 
was  held,  a  Refectory,  an  Art  Gallery,  and  a  New  England  Kitchen.  All  was 
ready  on  the  18th  of  April,  1864,  the  third  anniversary  of  the  first  spilling  of 
blood  in  Baltimore  after  the  fall  of  Sumter — the  President  of  the  United 
States  taking  part  in  the  ceremonies  of  inauguration. 


SOME  BALTIMORE  TABLES.  349 

Pretty  names  the  Baltimoreans  had  for  their  tables  :  for  instance,  the 
Union  Slipper  Circle.  Here  was  a  goddess  of  liberty,  draped  in  the  folds  of 
Old  Glory  ;  a  flannel  skirt  worked  in  red,  white  and  blue,  by  a  Union  lady 
of  Charleston  ;  a  bridal  party  of  dolls  on  their  way  home  from 'church  ;  a  chess- 
table  worked  in  beads ;  the  battle-flags  of  the  Second  and  Third  Maryland  ; 
aprons  made  by  soldiers  ;  leaves  and  flowers  of  wax,  and  iron-holders  with 
appropriate  mottoes.  What  motto  can  be  appropriate  for  an  iron-holder,  you 
ask  ?  Why,  "Polly,  put  the  kettle  on  !"  We  all  took  tea  down-stairs,  in  the 
New  England  Kitchen. 

Another  pretty  name  for  a  table  was  the  Cinderella.  This  was  the  resort 
of  patrons  of  six  and  seven  years.  Here  were  dolls  and  doll-bedsteads,  Quaker- 
esses for  sale  to  Jew  and  pagan.  At  the  Union  Knitting  Social  Circle  were 
piles  of  that  species  of  finger  and  steel  work  which  the  war  has  fostered  into 
the  dignity  of  a  manufacture.  This  trade  keeps  no  books,  however ;  the 
assessor  of  the  revenue  makes  no  inquiries,  and  we  shall  never  learn  the  dread- 
ful prosperity  of  those  who  plied  the  needle  and  the  yarn.  It  is  well  to  know, 
however,  that  if  the  demand  was  appalling,  the  supply  kept  pace  with  it 

Jacob's  Well  was  a  species  of  Spa,  where  home-brewed  Kissingen  and 
Vichy  were  dealt  out  by  dainty  cup-bearers  to  the  cosmopolites,  and  the  not 
more  native  soda-water  was  drawn  for  the  cit.  Lemonade,  composed  of  lemon- 
juice  and  water  from  Swann  Lake,  and  Adam's  ale,  the  same  beverage  with- 
out the  lemon-juice,  were  also  constantly  on  tap. 

At  the  City  Post-office  none  ever  applied  in  vain.  The  mail  had  always 
just  arrived,  and,  singular  to  say,  none  of  the  letters  were  prepaid.  The  pen- 
alty attached  to  receiving  an  unpaid  letter  is  well  known — the  post-office 
people  charge  you  double,  treble,  an  hundred-fold. 

It  was  disheartening,  after  having  taken  some  pains  to  find  the  table  of 
Anne  Arundel — in  the  conviction  that,  if  Miss  Arundel  was  as  beautiful  as 
her  name,  she  must  be  fair  indeed — to  discover  that  it  was  a  county,  and  not 
a  lady.  Anne  Arundel  was  aided  by  Charles,  St.  Mary's,  and  Calvert,  and 
these  were  counties  too.  As  these  districts  were  classed  as  disaffected,  their 
contributions  were  only  the  more  interesting. 

A  dispatch-post  or  parcels-delivery,  managed  by  a  Mrs.  Eve,  was  so 
prompt  and  punctual  in  the  discharge  of  its  duties,  that  it  was  universally 
remarked.  However,  this  was  not  astonishing,  said  a  wit — not  a  wag — as  Eve 
was  made  to  be  a  match  for  Adam's  Express  Company.  We  believe  we 
are  not  wrong  in  stating  that  this  was  the  production  of  the  gentleman  who 
remarked  that  the  first  language  spoken  by  babies  was  Grum  Arabic. 


350  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

At  the  upper  end  of  the  hall  were  the  tables  of  the  Central  Union  Eelief 
Association,  of  the  ladies  of  which  we  have  already  had  occasion  to  speak. 
They  were  the  founders  of  the  fair,  and,  in  a  great  measure,  its  builders 
and  architects  besides.  Their  tables  were  sumptuously  spread,  and  all  were 
invited  to  partake  of  the  good  things  set  upon  the  board.  Few  resisted 
the  call,  and  the  tabular  statement,  some  pages  further  on,  gives  the  result  in 
figures. 

The  book  and  photograph  table  offered  many  attractions  besides  those 
of  books  and  photographs.  There  were  "busts  of  Milton,  Patrick  Henry, 
and  Juno,"  meerschaums  and  Killikinnick,  Rogers'  Sharpshooters — not  an 
infringement  of  Colt's  patent,  but  a  group  of  Union  soldiers — Swiss  scenes, 
queer  boxes  made  of  grains  of  corn,  and  other  curiosities  of  literature,  the 
arts,  and  ornamental  gardening.  The  book-worm  and  the  tobacco-worm 
might  have  met  here  upon  neutral  ground. 

Gifts  from  many  cities  and  many  lands  had  been  gathered  upon  the  Art 
Table.  Photographs,  autographs,  and  auto-photographs ;  shells,  mosses,  ferns, 
pressed  leaves ;  paper-cutters,  paper-weights,  pictures,  statuettes ;  Union  kisses 
for  Union  children;  the  House  that  Jack  Built;  Raphael's  Hours;  sewing- 
silk  and  neck-ties ;  a  nest  of  boxes ;  a  battle-piece  by  Landseer  and  coco- 
aine  by  Burnett;  a  landscape  by  Herring  and  cocoa  by  Baker;  watches 
from  Waltham,  and  an  artistic  pair  of  standard  scales,  in  which  the  Presi- 
dent was  weighed  by  Master  Carson. 

The  Talbot  County  table  offered  burr-boxes,  framed  insects,  shingle  fans 
carved  by  a  hero  of  Gettysburg,  a  basket  made  of  the  shavings  of  a  cow's 
horn — perhaps  the  famous  crumpled  one  of  history— a  wreath  of  popped 
corn.  Alleghany,  Kent,  Montgomery,  Howard,  Harford,  Carroll,  Frederick, 
Washington,  and  other  counties,  offered  their  best  with  willing  and  lavish 
hand. 

The  New  England  Kitchen  was  organized  and  managed  by  eight  ladies 
from  Brooklyn,  who  revived  on  the  soil  of  Maryland  their  triumphs  in  the 
County  of  Kings.  Of  course  their  amiable  duties  were  performed  in  the 
midst  of  antiques  that  harmonized  well  with  their  own  integuments.  A 
cradle,  two  hundred  years  of  age,  old  enough  to  have  rocked  upon  the  legend- 
ary tree-top,  but  too  sound  to  have  participated  in  the  then  impending 
crash  ;  chairs  from  the  Mayflower ;  a  mug  that  had  passed  from  the  moss- 
covered  bucket  to  the  lips  of  Washington ;  shovel  and  tongs  from  the  Gov- 
ernment House  at  Annapolis;  a  mantel-piece  and  Bible  from  the  Purviance 
House — such  was  the  setting  of  the  Brooklyn  ladies  in  Baltimore. 


RAFFLING   IN   BALTIMORE.  351 

The  fish-pond  was  a  depth  from  which  the  angler  pulled  such  prizes  as 
by  chance  first  caught  his  hook.  It  made  little  difference  what  bait  disguised 
the  barb,  or  with  what  skill  the  line  was  bobbed  or  trolled.  The  bachelor, 
were  he  a  very  Izaak  Walton,  would  draw  twin  babies  ;  the  clergyman,  a  har- 
lequin ;  the  married  man,  a  latch-key  ;  the  chambermaid,  a  fan. 

The  Art  Gallery  was  an  admirable  collection  of  paintings,  in  which  nearly 
every  American  artist  of  reputation  was  worthily  represented.  It  is  always 
natural  that  a  good  picture  should  awaken  admiration,  but  there  were  more 
natural  reasons  than  one  why  McEntee's  "Virginia"  should  be  appreciated 
to  the  full  in  Maryland.  Maryland  might  have  been  what  Virginia  is — 
wasted,  depopulated  ;  sunk  from  the  mother  of  presidents  into  the  daughter 
of  desolation.  The  artist  had  sought,  in  his  picture,  to  embody  a  description, 
in  Childe  Harold,  of  the  dying  of  the  Tree  of  Freedom : 

Thy  tree  hath  lost  its  blossoms,  and  the  rind, 
ChoppM  by  the  axe,  looks  rough  and  little  worth ; 
But  the  sap  lasts — and  still  the  seed  we  find 
Sown  deep  even  in  the  bosom  of  the  North. 
So  shall  a  better  spring  less  bitter  fruit  bring  forth. 

No  objection  was  made  to  raffles  at  the  Baltimore  Fair,  and  numerous 
articles  were  disposed  of  by  solemn  appeal  to  the  lot.  What  is  with  us 
known  as  the  toss  up,  and  what  the  French  designate  as  the  short-straw,  was 
often  the  arbiter  in  cases  which  nothing  else  could  decide.  The  bronze  ball- 
player, Mr.  Stewart's  camel's  hair  shawl,  the  embroidered  side-saddle,  the 
saddle  which  was  not  a  side-saddle,  the  marine  telescope,  the  skeleton  flowers 
under  glass — a  happy  acquisition  for  some  one  who,  having  no  skeleton  in  his 
closet,  naturally  wanted  one — the  mouchoir  which  was  rough  to  excoriation 
with  embroidery,  except  in  the  centre,  where  there  was  accommodation  for  a 
very  small  nose ;  afghans,  slippers,  cigar-cases,  the  Headquarters  of  General 
Grant,  statuettes — all  went  as  the  dread  decree  prescribed.  No  one  seemed 
to  be  deterred  from  these  speculative  investments  by  the  memory  of  him  to 
whom  an  elephant  was  adjudged  by  the  self-same  process.  And,  indeed,  why 
should  they  ?  Those  who  "  see1'  the  elephant  are  said  to  pay  so  dearly  for 
the  sight,  that  it  might  be  profitable  to  keep  one  on  view.  Cake  was  raffled 
at  a  dollar  a  slice,  ten  gold  rings,  distributed  through  the  dough  by  the  impar- 
tial hand  of  the  cook,  giving  to  the  baked  and  iced  confection  in  its  entirety, 
the  value  which  really  lay  hidden  in  strata,  or  veins,  or  lodes.  He  who  got 
the  ring  was  the  best  man  ;  and  gold  at  this  period  was  one  hundred  and  fifty. 
It  is  proper  to  state  that  one  article  at  least  was  not  raffled  for ;  plenty  of  gen- 
tlemen could  get  it  without — the  mitten. 


352 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


At  the  "  "West  and  Newton  and  Harford  County "  table  a  presidential 
election  was  held,  and  it  was  probably  the  most  corrupt  that  has  ever  dis- 
graced the  annals  of  the  suffrage.  Votes  were  openly  bought  and  sold ;  the 
registry  law — if  there  was  one — was  defied  at  high  noon ;  the  influence  of 
fractional  currency  was  every  where  felt,  and  the  result,  whatever  it  was,  was 
entirely  due  to  the  interference  of  cash.  Voters  held  their  privileges  cheap  ; 
a  "tin  cint  bill"  was  the  price  of  a  vote.  And  yet  philosophers,  seeking  for 
the  Vox  Dei,  have  declared  it  identical  with  the  vox  populi !  A  confusion 
not  less  remarkable  than  that  of  the  boy  who,  reading  Ivanhoe  on  his  way  to 
the  druggist's  for  a  dose  of  nux  vomica,  asked,  when  there,  for  twelve  drops  of 
pax  vobiscum.  One  hundred  and  ten  dollars  were  produced  by  this  scandal- 
ous device. 

The  Cecil  Kegister  was  a  species  of  album  in  which  the  visitor  could,  for 
a  small  consideration,  inscribe  his  name.  As  the  register  was  to  be  deposited 
after  the  fair  in  a  fire-proof  edifice,  the  immortality  promised  to  the  signers 
will  doubtless  be  obtained.  Twelve  hundred  names  will  be  thus  preserved 
from  the  oblivion  that  awaits  all  others. 

Two  evenings  were  devoted  to  tableaux,  exhibitions  of  which  were  given 
at  the  New  Assembly  Booms.  The  programmes  were  as  follows : 


FIRST    EVENING. 

Henry  the  Eighth. 

Faith,  Hope,  and  Charity. 

The  Peasant's  Courtship. 

Jane  McCrea. 

Flora  McDonald  and  Charles  Edward. 

Before  and  after  Marriage. 

The  Dying  Hero. 

Hope  leaving  Paradise  to  solace  mankind. 

The  Contest  for  the  Standard. 

Judith  and  Holofernes. 

Joan  Dare. 


SECOND    EVENING. 

Good  Queen  Margaret. 

Moore's  Beauties. 

Ivanthol. 

The  Puritans  embarking  for  America. 

The  Landing  of  the  Pilgrims. 

Lady  Jane  Gray. 

The  Brilliant  Orator. 

My  Maryland. 

Our  Flag. 

Rebecca  and  Rowena. 

Fame,  Victory,  Peace,  Painting,  Music. 


There  were  certain  Baltimore  merchants  who  dealt  in  articles  that  could 
not  well  be  exhibited  at  the  fair ;  they  were  not  deterred  thereby,  however, 
from  offering  them.  Thus  Messrs.  Thompson  &  Neilson,  who  trafficked  in 
the  biphosphate  of  lime,  laid  aside  eight  barrels,  each  barrel  containing  two 
hundred  and  fifty  pounds,  which  they  were  willing  to  bestow  upon  the  cause. 
So  farmers  could  purchase  an  order  at  the  fair,  and  procure  the  lime  at  the 
warehouse.  Biphosphate  purchased  in  this  way  is  said  to  possess  a  double 
proportion  of  fertilizing  qualities.  Orders  for  the  article  were  sold — we  can- 
not say  why — at  the  confectionery  table. 


A  REMARKABLE  GRAB-BAG.  353 

If  we  liad  never  known  before  what  the  young  people  could  do  for  the 
soldiers,  Baltimore  would  have  taught  us.  Masters  Charles  and  Koland 
Turner,  having  collected  fifteen  dollars  in  small  sums,  in  anticipation  of  the 
fair,  expended  it  in  the  purchase  of  articles  fit  for  stocking  a  grab-bag.  With 


CHRISTIAN    AND   BANITABt   TABUEAli:    BRBECCA    AND    ROWKNA. 

the  aid  of  three  young  men  of  their  age,  they  administered  the  duties  con- 
nected with  this  species  of  bag,  and  their  fifteen  dollars  became  two  hundred 
and  forty.  The  expenses  were  to  the  receipts  as  one  to  sixteen  ;  the  expenses 
of  the  Metropolitan  Fair  were  as  one  to  eight.  Had  the  success  of  the  youths 
of  the  grab-bag  attended  their  seniors  of  New  York,  the  result  would  have 
been  two  millions  instead  of  one.  The  Turner  boys  deserved  their  triumph, 
for  the  first  cup  of  cold  water  offered  to  a  soldier  in  Baltimore,  was  given  by 
Master  Eoland  of  that  name. 

A  distinctive  feature  of  the  Baltimore  Fair  was  its  newspaper — the  New 
Era.  This  title,  at  first  glance,  does  not  appear  as  appropriate  as  those  of  its 
predecessors — the  Drum  Beat,  the  Knapsack,  the  Countersign,  the  Volunteer. 
But  its  great  significance  was  shown  in  its  daily  publications  of  Parallel 

23 


354  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

Thoughts,  these  for  the  New  Era,  those  for  the  Old.     The  following  extracts 
are  to  the  point: 

"  April  18th,  1861. — Baltimore  agitated  all  day ;  boisterous  processions  of 
persons  wearing  secession  cockades ;  crowds  gathered  to  insult  United  States 
and  Pennsylvania  troops;  cheers  given  for  Jefferson  Davis,  and  groans  and 
yells  for  Abraham  Lincoln ;  many  Union  men  knocked  down,  and  Union 
soldiers  stoned." 

"  April  18th,  1864. — The  opening  of  the  Maryland  State  Fair ;  a  brigade 
of  negro  troops  marched  through  the  city  on  their  way  to  Annapolis;  the 
municipal  government  in  the  hands  of  tried  Union  men ;  Maryland  a  free 
state ;  land  augmenting  in  value,  and  the  population  of  Baltimore  increased 
by  twenty  thousand  in  three  years." 

"April  19th,  1861. — The  Unionists  powerless;  the  city  in  the  hands  of 
the  secessionists.  Twenty-nine  cars,  laden  with  soldiers,  arrived  at  the  Phila- 
delphia Depot.  Six  were  driven  to  Camden  Station,  amid  yells  and  jeers. 
Cobble-stones,  which  had  been  taken  up  by  the  paviors,  were  hurled  by  the 
mob  at  the  seventh,  and  every  window  was  shivered.  The  eighth  and  ninth 
passed  through  a  shower  of  missiles ;  the  tenth  was  driven  back,  the  track 
being  obstructed  in  some  places  and  torn  up  in  others.  The  troops  now 
descended  from  the  twenty  remaining  cars.  These  were  the  Sixth  Massa- 
chusetts, Colonel  Jones.  Stones  were  thrown  and  two  soldiers  knocked  down ; 
the  mob  swore  that  no  Union  troops  should  pass  through  Maryland.  Soldiers 
prostrated  were  dragged  away  by  Union  men ;  their  muskets  were  seized  by 
the  rioters  and  discharged  into  the  ranks.  At  Calvert  Street  the  soldiers 
turned  and  fired  a  volley,  which  was  effective  and  salutary.  The  mob  was 
now  swelled  to  six  thousand  men;  they  rifled  the  ammunition  cars  at  the 
Philadelphia  Station;  telegraph  wires  were  cut  and  bridges  burned.  The 
killed  and  wounded  on  both  sides  were  not  less  than  one  hundred ;  of  the 
soldiers,  three  were  killed  and  nine  wounded." 

"  April  19th,  1864. — The  Maryland  State  Fair  for  Union  Soldiers  success- 
ful beyond  expectation ;  the  President  of  the  United  States  a  guest  where  but 
lately  he  was  marked  as  the  victim  of  foul  play ;  black  soldiers  marching 
through  the  streets  urged  by  white  survivors  of  Libby  prison  to  remember 
Fort  Pillow." 

The  New  Era  pursued  these  parallels  during  the  continuance  of  the  fair, 
and  they  continued  quite  as  striking  up  to  the  30th  of  April.  Its  sales  were 
heavy,  being  augmented  by  the  labors  of  a  large  body  of  newsboys  of  both 
sexes,  among  them  two  heroes  of  the  war,  and  three  members  of  the  Veteran 


355 

Eeserve.     Two  hundred  and  seventy-two  advertisements,  the  greater  part  of 
which  were  charged  five  dollars  for  the  season — which  opened  and  closed  with 

the  fair — contributed  to  its  success,  and  it  finally  sent  in  its  balance  sheet  to 
the  treasurer,  and  $1,300  besides. 

The  following  table  gives  a  detailed  statement  of  the  receipts  of  the  Mary- 
land State  Fair: 

Cash  contributions : $18,291  93 

Sale  of  Tickets 15,585  75 

Central  Relief  No.  1 $8.128  07 

Central  Belief  No.  2  (Confectionery) l,67fi  39 

Central  Relief  Art  Table 1,513  51 

Central  Relief  Children's  Table 1,389  63 

Central  Relief  New  England  Kitchen,  including  Grandma  Downing's 

sales  of  sanitary  yarn  and  Jeff.  Davis  cravats 2,859  91 

15,567  51 

"West  and  Newton  and  Harford  County  Associations $3,990  21 

West  and  Newton  and  Harford  County  Fishing  Pond 806  00 

4,796  21 

National  Table 3,950  98 

North  Baltimore  and  West  End 3,511  20 

German 3,000  00 

Baltimore  County 2,819  97 

East  Baltimore  Branch,  Patterson  Park  Division 2,651  57 

Madison  Home  Circle $1,168  90 

Madison  Home  Jacob's  Well 550  25 

1,719  15 

Carroll  County 1,527  00 

Frederick  County 1,517  32 

Washington  County 1,393  45 

Lunch  Room 1,391  43 

New  Era 1,300  66 

Howard  County 1,217  50 

Cecil  County 1,048  90 

Alleghany  County 1,026  75 

Anne  Arundel,  aided  by  Charles,  Calvert,  and  St.  Mary's 1,014  25 

Union  Social  and  Knitting  Circle 920  60 

Floral  Temple 875  39 

Union  Slipper  Circle 760  10 

Talbot  County 660  97 

Dorchester  and  Somerset  Counties 638  79 

Montgomery  County • 551  00 

Scotch  Table,  J.  Needles  &  Son 500  00 

Exhibition  of  Paintings 494  87 

New  England  Table 440  50 

Kent  County 374  10 

Strawbridge  Circle 346  70 

Tableaux 187  70 

Umbrella  Stand 170  20 

Yacht . .  115  52 


356  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Memberships $54  00 

Curiosity  Room 10  00 


$90,431   «)« 
Deduct  expenses,  say 10,431   96 


Total  net. $80,000  00 

This  sum  was  equally  divided,  according  to  agreement,  between  the  San- 
itary and  Christian  Commissions. 

But  the  Christian  Commission's  share  in  the  Baltimore  Fair  was  a  drop  in 
the  bucket,  in  comparison  with  its  needs.  The  work  of  the  winter  of  1863-64 
had  drawn  heavily  upon  its  resources,  and  the  calls  which  came  with  the  spring 
for  battle-field  stores  soon  emptied  the  treasury,  or  at  least  left  it  without 
a  dollar  more  than  was  necessary  to  meet  obligations  already  incurred.  The 
great  fairs  for  the  Sanitary  Commission  were  either  in  progress  or  in  prepara- 
tion, in  Brooklyn,  New  York,  Philadelphia,  and  the  Christian  Commission 
seemed  to  be  forgotten  in  the  interest  which  they  excited.  This  state  of 
things,  however — the  work  threatened  with  suspension  for  want  of  means — 
brought  the  matter  home  to  thousands  who  had  never  before  been  interested 
in  it,  and,  upon  the  publication  of  an  appeal  in  the  papers,  the  offers  of  money 
and  stores  were  renewed,  and  the  commission  was  enabled  to  proceed.  Con- 
tributions were  not  only  made  by  individuals,  but  by  corporations,  by  railway 
and  banking  companies,  and  the  commission  was  urged,  in  letters  received 
from  far  and  near,  and  even  from  the  Pacific  coast,  to  send  out  persons  to 
tell  the  story  of  its  work,  and  receive  the  contributions  which  such  a  narrative 
would  certainly  induce. 

"  Besides  these  and  other  manifestations,"  we  read  in  the  Third  Annual 
Eeport,  "  two  plans  of  national  breadth  were  proposed,  entirely  distinct,  by 
persons  separated  by  the  Alleghanies,  and  by  equal  extremes  of  church  com- 
munion, but  with  hearts  beating  in  unison  for  the  cause  of  Christ  and  the 
soldier.  One  plan  was  that  of  a  national  subscription,  with  the  aim  of  raising 
half  a  million  of  dollars.  The  other  was  that  of  Ladies'  Christian  Commis- 
sions, with  the  object  of  enlisting  all  evangelical  congregations  in  an  organized 
system  of  contributions  and  work.  The  first  promised  instant  and  ample  aid 
in  the  great  emergency ;  the  second  proposed  a  steady  increase  for  future  ex- 
panded operations." 

The  suggestion  of  a  national  subscription  came  from  a  western  merchant, 
and  was  accompanied  by  a  check  for  $5,000.  A  public  meeting,  called  to 
further  this  scheme,  was  held  in  the  Church  of  the  Epiphany,  in  Philadelphia, 


SOURCES  OF  SUPPLY.  357 

early  in  May.  Bishop  Mcllvaine  presided,  and  addresses  were  made  by  him, 
by  the  Kev.  E.  M.  Kirk,  and  Mr.  Tobey,  of  Boston,  the  Rev.  Jos.  T.  Duryea, 
Bishop  Simpson,  and  others.  The  sums  received  in  money,  checks,  pledges, 
&c.,  during  the  evening  was  close  upon  $49,000.  No  larger  siim  has  ever  been 
raised  at  any  one  meeting  held  in  the  United  States  during  the  war.  Large  as 
it  was,  it  was  afterwards  notably  increased. 

A  similar  meeting  was  held  in  Pittsburgh  in  June;  and  though  the  Pitts- 
burgh Sanitary  Fair  was  in  progress,  $22,000  were  received  upon  the  plates, 
and  this  was  more  than  doubled  the  next  day.  The  Thanksgiving  offerings 
in  Western  Pennsylvania  were  over  $20,000.  The  collections  of  the  Boston 
Committee  during  the  year  were  nearly  $165,000  in  money,  and  $250,000  in 
stores,  contained  in  two  thousand  one  hundred  and  five  packages.  Mr.  Tobey 
set  up  his  desk  in  the  Merchants'  Exchange,  after  the  battle  of  the  Wilder- 
ness, as  he  had  done  the  year  before,  after  the  battle  of  Gettysburg.  The 
New  York  Committee  collected  about  $103.000 ;  and  at  one  of  its  meetings 
rings  and  watches  were  placed  upon  the  collection  plates. 

The  other  plan  suggested,  that  of  making  every  church  organization  in 
the  country  an  auxiliary  commission,  came  from  a  clergyman  in  charge  of  a 
large  city  parish.  The  principal  points  were :  organization  in  each  evangel- 
ical congregation ;  an  annual  membership,  embracing  all  ages  and  both  sexes ; 
an  annual  fee  of  one  dollar  for  each  member;  the  solicitation  of  clothing,  and 
the  preparation  of  food.  This  plan  was  introduced  to  the  public  at  a  meeting 
held  in  Concert  Hall,  Philadelphia,  the  evening  after  that  held  in  the  Church 
of  the  Epiphany.  A  committee  of  a  hundred  ladies  was  appointed  to  carry 
out  the  plan  in  the  city,  and  to  memorialize  the  women  of  the  nation.  The 
memorial  prepared  by  them  was  published  in  the  religious  papers,  and  a  small 
pamphlet  was  issued  containing  the  outlines  of  the  plan.  This  scheme,  how- 
ever, required  time,  and  though  it  yielded  considerable  sums,  never  reached 
the  extension  it  would  otherwise  have  done,  on  account  of  the  evidently 
approaching  end  of  the  rebellion. 

The  Christian  Commission  had  often  been  urged  to  send  representatives  to 
the  Pacific  coast,  and  such  a  mission  was  now  determined  upon.  The  Revs. 
Dr.  Patterson  and  Mr.  Mingins  sailed  early  in  the  year,  entertaining  some 
doubt,  however,  whether  they  would  be  heard.  California  was  suffering 
severely  from  drought,  which  had  affected  not  only  agriculture,  but  all  opera- 
tions in  the  mines ;  mining  stocks  had  fallen  heavily  in  value,  and,  moreover, 
large  sums  had  been  given  in  aid  of  the  soldier's  cause,  through  the  Sanitary 
Commission.  But  the  Californian  ear  is  never  closed  to  appeals  like  those 


358  TUP:  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

now  made ;  the  Golden  Gate  lies  ever  open,  or  if,  by  chance,  it  is  shut,  the 
open  sesame  is  easily  said  and  readily  heard.  Three  meetings  were  held  in 
ten  days,  and  $10,000  in  gold  received.  The  Pacific  Christian  Commission 
was  formed,  with  -J.  B.  Roberts  as  chairman ;  also,  the  Ladies'  Christian  Com- 
mission of  the  Pacific,  Mrs.  Colonel  Bowman,  and  afterwards,  Mrs.  Mary  E. 
Keeney,  president. 

The  ladies  of  San  Francisco  held  a  fair  for  the  commission,  which  yielded 
over  $50,000  in  currency.  Festivals  were  held  at  Stockton,  Sacramento, 
Napa,  and  other  places ;  money,  in  several  localities,  was  given  at  the  polls ; 
auxiliaries  were  established  in  Oregon  and  Nevada.  At  the  close  of  the  year 
1864,  the  commission  had  received  from  the  Pacific  coast  over  $117,000,  and 
had  been  notified  that  $5,500  was  on  its  way  from  the  Sandwich  Islands. 

The  following  tables  give  summaries  of  the  total  receipts,  and  of  the  work 
and  distribution  for  the  third  year  of  the  commission — 1861: 

Cash  receipts  of  Central  and  Branch  offices $1,207,755  28 

Hospital  stores  contributed 1,1*69,508  37 

Publications  contributed 33,084  38 

Bibles  and  Testaments  presented  by  the  American  Bible  Society 72,114  83 

Value  of  volunteer  delegates'  services 169,920  00 

Value  of  railroad,  steamboat,  and  other  transportation  facilities 106,765  00 

Value  of  telegraph  facilities,  from  Maine  to  California 26,450  00 

Value  of  rents  of  warehouses  and  offices  given  without  charge  to  the  com- 
mission    6,750  00 

Total  values  for  1864 $2,882,347  86 

GENERAL    SUMMARY    OF    WORK    AND    DISTRIBUTION    FOR    1864. 

Value  of  stores  distributed $1,714,261  85 

Value  of  publications  distributed $446,574  26 

Value  of  stationery  distributed $24,834  71 

Value  of  205  chapels  and  chapel  tents  erected  during  last  winter  and  the 

present,  in  the  various  armies $114,359  78 

Boxes  of  hospital  stores  and  publications  distributed  during  the  year 47,103 

Copies  of  Bibles  and  Testaments  and  portions  of  Scriptures  distributed 

during  the  year 569,594 

Copies  of  hymn  and  psalm  books  distributed  during  the  year 489,247 

Copies  of  knapsack  books  distributed  during  the  year 4,326,676 

Copies  of  bound  library  books  distributed  during  the  year •. 33,872 

Copies  of  magazines  and  pamphlets  distributed  during  the  year 346,536 

Copies  of  religious,  weekly,  and  monthly  newspapers  distributed  during  the 

year 7,990,758 

Pages  of  tracts 13,681,342 

Copies  of  Silent  Comforters,  &c 3,691 

Delegates  commissioned  during  the  year 2,217 

Aggregate  number  of  days  of  delegates'  service 78,869 


LABORS  OF  THE  DELEGATES.  359 

Average  number  of  delegates  constantly  in  the  field  during  the  year 217 

Number  of  delegates,  in  the  field,  January  1,  1865 276 

Balance  of  cash  on  hand  at  the  central  office,  January  1,  1865 $5,420  12 

Balance  on  hand  at  all  the  offices $116,315  71 

The  above  figures  show  a  very  large  increase  in  the  resources,  and,  conse- 
quently, in  the  usefulness  of  the  commission,  over  those  for  the  previous 
years.  This  is  ascribed  to  four  causes :  1st,  to  the  testimony  of  the  soldiers, 
some  of  whom,  at  home  on  furlough  or  sick  leave,  told  their  story,  personally, 
dwelling  on  the  benefits  they  had  received,  and  all  of  whom,  apparently,  had 
written  letters,  the  commission  having  furnished  them,  during  the  year,  with 
paper  and  envelopes  for  five  millions ;  2d,  the  testimony  of  returned  delegates, 
to  whose  evidence,  obtained  in  this  voluntary,  unpaid  service,  none  could 
listen  unmoved ;  3d,  to  the  emergencies  of  the  year ;  and  4th,  to  the  fact, 
which  has  been  mentioned,  that  the  empty  treasury  appealed  with  irresistible 
effect  to  many  who  would  not  have  contributed  to  well -filled  coffers. 

A  few  words,  now,  upon  the  work  accomplished  during  the  year.  The 
whole  number  of  delegates  sent  out  was  two  thousand  two  hundred  and 
seventeen,  the  average  number  in  the  field  at  one  time  being  two  hundred  and 
seventeen.  Many  of  these  were  ministers,  lawyers,  physicians,  merchants,  and 
all  were  men  of  character  and  ability.  They  were  unpaid ;  the  cost  of  each 
man's  outfit  and  maintenance,  at  the  charge  of  the  commission,  being  at  the 
rate  of  $319  a  year.  None  were  sent  who  could  not  agree  to  remain  at  least 
six  weeks  in  the  service.  They  were  principally  useful  in  relief  work,  being 
supplied  with  whatever  was  necessary  to  meet  the  emergencies  of  the  field. 
But  they  discharged  numerous  other  duties.  They  distributed  tracts,  Bibles, 
and  reading-matter  generally,  and  in  this  connection  the  remarkable  statement 
is  made,  that  the  most  urgent  cry  from  the  army  has  always  been  for  the 
Scriptures,  and  that  the  supply  has  never  kept  pace  with  the  demand.  In 
consequence  of  this,  it  was  proposed  by  the  American  Bible  Society  to  divide 
the  army,  for  the  work  of  Scripture  distribution,  into  three  fields :  Eastern, 
Western,  and  Southern,  with  a  superintendent  for  each,  paid  by  the  Bible 
Society,  subsisted  by  the  commission.  This  proposition  was  accepted  and 
carried  out 

Other  labors  of  the  delegates  were  those  of  writing  letters  for  the  disabled 
and  dying  at  their  dictation,  or  of  sending  home  information  concerning  the 
dead;  of  transmitting  messages  and  mementoes;  of  keeping  records  concerning 
burial,  and  of  registering  and  conveying  intelligence  upon  innumerable  matters, 
which,  without  them,  must  have  been  lost.  Then,  there  was  their  direct  work  of 


360 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


preaching,  praying  with  the  sick,  holding  religious  services,  and  administering 
the  last  rites.  '•  Their  influence  for  good  to  the  soldiers  " — this  we  can  readily 
believe — "  cannot  be  understood  by  those  who  have  not  themselves  witnessed 
it.  Coming  fresh  from  home,  in  citizens'  dress,  full  of  home  sympathies,  with 
physical  energy  unworn,  zeal  strengthened  by  knowledge  that  their  stay  must 
be  short,  and  that  the  soldiers'  peril  is  great ;  having  every  facility  for  their 
work,  chapels  to  preach  in,  stores  and  publications  to  distribute,  quarters  at 
the  best  possible  centres,  wagons  and  teams  and  battle-field  supplies  to  go 
with  when  the  army  moves  and  fights,  and,  withal,  having  the  men  for  whom 
they  labor  impressed  in  advance  with  the  fact,  that  what  they  do  is  not  done 
for  pay,  nor  as  professional  duty,  but  for  the  love  they  bear  to  them  and  to 
Christ — their  influence  could  not  but  have  unwonted  power,  and  their  labor  a 
value  above  price." 


ARMY   CORPS  CHAPEL,    NEAR   PKTHKSBCBG. 


The  first  experience  of  chapel  work,  on  a  large  scale,  in  the  army,  was 
made  early  in  this  year.  Chapel  tents  were  set  up  at  all  the  stations  of  the 
commission,  and  competent  men  were  appointed  to  serve  in  them.  The  com- 
mission furnished  canvas  chapel  roofs  to  every  brigade  that  was  willing  to  put 
up  log  walls  to  support  it.  It  then  supplied  them  with  stores,  Bibles,  and 
hymn-books,  and  delegated  men  to  assist  the  chaplains  in  the  service.  At  this 
time  one  hundred  chapels  were  open  for  daily  worship,  and  in  some  of  them 
services  were  held  three  times  a  day. 


DIET  KITCHENS.  361 

As  winter  approached,  these  chapels  were  increased  both  in  number  and 
size.  One  hundred  and  forty — many  of  them  really  beautiful  constructions — 
were  in  constant  use  at  the  close  of  the  year.  They  were  filled  every  evening 
by  an  earnest  and  respectful  throng ;  and  on  Sundays,  service  succeeded  ser- 
vice till  the  officiators  were  compelled,  by  sheer  exhaustion,  to  desist. 

The  work  performed  at  the  stations  of  the  commission  was  varied  and 
arduous.  A  delegate  would  start  in  the  morning  with  an  armful  of  papers 
and  books,  and  making  his  way  to  some  regiment  or  battery,  perhaps  a  mile 
distant,  distribute  the  contents  of  his  pack.  He  would  seek  out  the  sick,  and 
strive  to  give  him  just  the  thing  he  needed,  whether  sympathy,  prayer,  crea- 
ture-comforts, or  reading-matter.  He  would  invite  all  the  men  he  saw  to 
attend  the  evening  meeting,  or  would  propose  the  holding  of  a  special  open- 
air  service,  if  desired.  By  personal  conversation  with  the  soldiers,  he  would 
often  succeed  in  guiding  their  thoughts  into  unwonted  channels,  appealing  to 
their  better  nature  against  the  sins  which  beset  them.  "  By  no  possible  array 
of  figures  or  statistics,"  we  read,  "  can  the  influence  of  these  winter  stations  be 
exhibited.  None  can  ever  know  how  much  of  sin  they  have  prevented ;  how 
many  despondent,  doubting  Christians  have  been  encouraged  and  strength- 
ened ;  how  many  seeds  of  Divine  truth,  sown  in  hearts  seemingly  unmoved, 
were  destined  some  future  day  to  bring  forth  perfect  fruit.  None  can  reckon 
the  value  of  that  comfort  given  to  the  faithful  soldier,  who,  in  his  hard  pil- 
grimage, gained,  in  these  tents  of  prayer,  the  Delectable  Mountains,  and  caught 
a  view  of  the  Celestial  City." 

A  Special  Diet  Kitchen  service  was  organized  during  this  year,  and  was 
put  fully  in  operation  in  the  West,  while  a  good  beginning  was  made  in  the 
East.  The  conditions  were  these :  that  the  Special  Diet  Kitchens  should  be  kept 
apart  from  the  general  kitchens  of  the  hospitals,  and  that  they  should  supply 
the  low-diet  patients  only;  that  they  should  be  controlled  and  supplied  by 
the  medical  authorities,  the  commission  furnishing  whatever  the  government 
did  not ;  and  that  they  should  be  superintended  by  women,  professed  Chris- 
tians, selected  and  subsisted  by  the  commission.  Mrs.  Anne  Wittenmyer, 
of  Iowa,  was  made  General  Superintendent,  and  her  first  report  contains  much 
interesting  information.  After  stating  the  difficulties  of  obtaining  delicate 
cooking  for  the  very  sick  in  a  general  hospital,  she  says,  speaking  of  the 
superintendents  under  the  new  system : 

"  The  preparation  of  food  and  the  management  of  kitchen  affairs  are  made 
their  business  and  study ;  and  all  that  can  be  done,  in  co-operation  with  sur- 
geons, to  meet  the  demands  of  a  feeble  or  capricious  appetite,  is  done  by  them. 


362  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Regular  diet  lists,  or  bills  of  fare,  are  prepared  and  furnished  to  each  ward 
surgeon,  who,  when  he  makes  his  daily  round  among  the  sick,  is  expected  to 
prescribe  their  diet  with  as  much  care  as  he  does  their  medicine. 

"  All  the  patients  in  the  hospital,  who  are  not  in  a  condition  to  go  to  the 
general  table,  or  eat  the  food  prepared  in  the  general  kitchens,  have  their 
meals  ordered  by  the  ward  surgeons  from  the  special  diet  kitchen.  These  diet 
lists,  or  orders,  are  returned  to  the  diet  kitchen,  where  the  food  is  prepared  in 
such  variety  and  quantity  as  are  embraced  in  the  orders.  The  ladies  charged 
with  the  responsible  duty  of  superintending  the  preparation  of  diet  and  the 
general  management  of  the  diet  kitchens,  are  given  every  facility  by  the  sur- 
geons, and  are  provided  with  all  the  help  they  need.  Soldiers  incapacitated 
for  active  field  duty  are  mostly  detailed  for  this  purpose. 

"  The  ladies  (there  are  usually  two  connected  with  each  kitchen)  personally 
supervise  the  preparation  and  seasoning  of  every  article  of  food,  and  are  care- 
ful to  see  it  go  out  to  the  wards,  suitably  prepared,  and  in  sufficient  quantity. 
Twenty-four  diet  kitchens  on  this  plan  are  now  in  successful  operation. 
They  are  kept  perfectly  clean  and  neat,  are  well  furnished  and  supplied  with 
stores,  and  every  thing  connected  with  the  work  is  conducted  in  a  systematic 
and  orderly  manner." 

Chaplain  Thomas,  of  the  Army  of  the  Cumberland,  had  been  detailed  from 
his  regiment  by  General  Thomas,  to  act  as  reading-agent  for  the  army.  Ob- 
taining a  valuable  idea  from  the  "  Loan  Libraries"  of  the  "  American  Seamen's 
Friend  Society,"  and  laying  certain  views  before  the  Christian  Commission, 
he  elaborated  a  scheme  which  the  commission  enabled  him  to  carry  out.  The 
following  details  of  this  will  be  found  interesting : 

Sixty  book-cases  were  made  at  government  expense,  by  order  of  General 
Thomas,  and  the  War  Department  agreed  to  furnish  two  hundred  and  forty 
more.  These  were  three  feet  square,  and  eight  inches  deep ;  the  corners  were 
dove-tailed  and  bound  with  iron.  Each  case  contained  four  shelves,  and  its 
two  panel  doors  fastened  by  lock  and  key ;  its  strength  was  such  that  it  might 
be  hurled  from  a  precipice  and  be  found  unharmed  at  the  foot.  A  catalogue 
and  register  accompanied  each  case,  which  contained  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
five  volumes,  labelled,  numbered,  and  covered.  At  the  close  of  the  year, 
twenty-five  of  these  libraries  had  been  placed  in  different  hospitals,  and  the 
books  had  been  bought  for  one  hundred  and  seventy-five  more.  There  were 
at  this  time  eighty  thousand  men  in  the  permanent  hospitals  of  the  country. 
The  plan  proposed  the  supplying  of  the  hospitals  first,  and  the  army,  active 
and  afloat,  if  possible,  afterwards.  Several  publishing  houses  furnished  the 


BOOKS   AND  MAGAZINES   FOR  THE   ARMY. 


363 


books  at  half  price,  which  was,  in  some  cases,  less  than  cost.  Adams'  Express 
conveyed  the  books  first,  and  the  libraries  next,  free.  No  library  was  put 
into  a  hospital  unless  some  responsible  person,  a  chaplain  or  surgeon,  or  other 
official,  would  agree  to  take  charge  of  it  and  to  forward  a  monthly  report :  this 
to  consist  of  two  parts,  a  statistical  table  and  illustrative  incidents.  The  table 
was  to  show  how  many  times  each  volume  had  been  drawn,  and  the  incidents 
were  to  contain  such  expressions  of  opinion  about  it  as  the  librarian  might  be 
able  to  collect. 


A    LAV    DELEGATE    IN    TUB   HOStl'lTAU 


Another  idea  of  Chaplain  Thomas,  that  of  supplying  the  Army  of  the 
Cumberland  with  magazines,  was  adopted  by  the  commission  in  April. 
Thirty-five  thousand  copies  of  various  periodicals  were  purchased  during 
the  year,  and  sold  in  the  depths  of  Tennessee  and  Georgia  at  the  price  they 
had  cost  in  New  York.  Each  magazine  bore  a  label  stating  that  it  had  been 
bought  at  wholesale  rates,  transported  free  by  Adams'  Express,  and  would  be 
sold  at  the  rooms,  and  by  the  distributors  of  the  Christian  Commission,  at 
cost,  to  the  army  and  navy  only.  A  rule  of  the  commission,  that  "  lives  of 
pirates  and  highwaymen  must  be  thrown  out  as  bad,"  in  making  selections 
of  books,  led  Chaplain  Thomas,  as  he  himself  relates,  into  a  singular  act. 
He  met  a  soldier  with  a  pile  of  twenty-five  cent  novels,  of  which  he  was 
endeavoring  to  dispose  among  his  fellow-soldiers.  He  acknowledged  that  it 
would  doubtless  grieve  his  parents  to  know  that  he  was  peddling  such  trash, 
— an  item  of  it  being  the  "Ked  Eover,"  by  one  James  Fenimore  Cooper, 


364  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

whose  works  are  not  generally  considered  pernicious.  The  soldier  was  induced 
to  exchange  his  pack  for  a  batch  of  "  Littell's  Living  Age,"  "  Eclectic  Maga- 
zines," and  "  Pitman's  Manuals  of  Phonography,"  works  which  are  probably 
no  more  deleterious  in  the  camp  than  they  are  in  the  grove.  Chaplain 
Thomas  was  doubtless  deceived  by  a  title  which,  in  our  day,  would  be  called 
"sensational,  "and  besides,  the  Eover  was  in  bad,  very  bad  company;  a  Dick 
Turpin  on  each  side  of  him,  a  Pirate's  Son  on  Dick's  either  hand,  with  every 
now  and  then  a  Eed  King  and  a  Flying  Artillerist.  Thus  surrounded,  the 
Pilgrim's  Progress,  even,  might  have  passed  for  some  immoral  book  of 
travels,  and  been  indignantly  laid  one  side,  together  with  The  Bloody  Cart- 
Wheel  and  The  Phantom  Bride. 

The  Maryland  Committee  of  the  Christian  Commission  did  a  great  work 
during  this  year,  incited  thereto  by  the  Kev.  Andrew  B.  Cross,  of  Baltimore. 
The  dust  at  City  Point,  during  the  summer,  was  absolutely  stifling.  This, 
which  was  annoying  in  the  camp,  was  almost  unendurable  in  the  hospital — 
the  tents  and  buildings  of  which  covered  forty  acres.  The  cooking  utensils, 
the  food,  the  faces  of  the  patients,  were  coated  with  dust.  Water  could  not 
be  obtained  in  sufficient  quantities  to  lay  the  fiend  and  supply  the  hospital. 
A  well  was  dug  through  the  quicksand  ;  the  government  placed  two  engines 
by  the  river-side  to  force  water  up  the  bluff,  but  the  relief  obtained  was  slight. 
The  Rev.  Mr.  Cross  applied  to  Mayor  Chapman,  of  Baltimore,  for  the  loan  of 
one  of  the  steam  fire-engines  of  the  city.  The  request  was  granted,  and  an 
engine,  with  two  thousand  feet  of  hose,  was  at  once  conveyed  to  City  Point. 
By  means  of  this,  not  only  was  the  dust  effectually  laid,  but  the  hospital  was 
supplied  with  pure  water  from  the  middle  of  the  Appomatox,  the  government 
giving  some  hundreds  of  casks  in  which  to  hoard  it.  Steam  had  never  yet 
been  pressed  into  more  grateful  service. 

The  commission  was  enabled  to  introduce  into  the  army,  by  the  liberality 
of  Mr.  Jacob  Dunton,  of  Philadelphia,  an  establishment  invented  and  built 
by  him,  and  called  a  Cooking  Wagon.  This  affair  had  four  wheels,  the  two 
in  front  separating  from  those  behind,  as  a  cannon  parts  with  its  limber.  It 
had  boilers,  furnaces,  a  fuel-box,  a  chest  for  provisions  and  utensils,  a  driver's 
seat  above  in  front,  and  three  smoke-stacks.  It  cooked  first  for  the  flying 
hospitals,  afterwards  for  the  men  under  fire.  It  once  served  a  whole  division 
with  hot  coffee  to  the  sound  of  the  enemy's  guns.  Here  were  coffee  and 
pistols,  but  for  more  than  two. 

The  following  table  gives  the  aggregate  value  of  the  three  years'  receipts, — 
to  January  1,  1865, — of  the  Christian  Commission  : 


31,296  32 
72,114  83 


TOTALS   FOR  THREE   YEARS. 

Value  of  Receipts.  1S62.  1S63.  ISfri. 

Cash  receipts  at  central  and 
branch  offices $40,1(50  29  $358,239  29  $1,297,755  28 

Value  of  stores  received  by  cen- 
tral and  branch  offices 142,150  00  385,829  07  1,169,508  37 

Value  of  publications  presented 
to  central  and  branch  offices. . . 

Value  of  Scriptures  from  Amer- 
ican Bible  Society 10,256  00  45,071  50 

Value  of  Scriptures  from  British 

and  Foreign  Bible  Society 1,677  79 

Value  of  29,801  hymn-books 
presented  by  Army  Committee 
of  the  Young  Men's  Christian 
Association,  Boston 

Value  of  delegates'  services 21,360  00         72,420  00 

Value  of  railroad,  steamboat,  and 
other  transportation  facilities  13,680  00  44,210  00 

Value  of  telegraph  facilities  from 
Maine  to  California 3,650  00  9,390  00 

Value  of  rents  of  warehouses 
and  offices  presented  to  the 
commission . .  


365 

Totals. 

$1,696,154  86 

1,697,487  44 

31,296  32 

127,442  33 

1,677  79 


1,788  06 
169,920  00 

1,788  06 
263,700  00 

106,765  00 

164,655  00 

26,450  00 

39,490  00 

6,750  00 


6,750  00 


Totals $231,256  29     $916,837  65     $2,882,347  86    $4,030,441  80 

These  figures  tell  but  a  halting  story,  however;  and  the  supplementary 
data,  at  the  close  of  the  volume,  for  the  last  few  months  of  the  war,  will  not 
add  much  to  their  eloquence.  The  true  significance  of  an  enterprise  thus 
feebly  sketched  will  not  be  set  down  by  any  mortal  penman ;  the  theme  is 
one  too  lofty  for  earthly  records.  Doubtless  there  are,  though  removed  from 
human  eyes,  tabular  views  kept  in  another  way  and  for  other  ends ;  and  when 
the  scroll  is  unrolled,  those  permitted  to  read  it  will  see  that  where  we  write 
Dollars,  the  recording  angel  has  written  Immortal  Souls. 


CHAPTEE    X. 


&  HE  effort  on  the  part  of  the  friends  of  the  negro  race 
in  the  North  to  fit  him  for  the  responsibilities  of 
freedom,  began  as  soon  as  the  operations  of  the  army 
and  navy  opened  the  way/  The  capture  of  Port 
Royal  and  Beaufort,  by  Flag-Officer  Dupont  and 
General  Sherman,  brought  some  eight  thousand  slaves, 
men,  women,  and  children,  within  the  United  States  lines,  in  the  State  of 
South  Carolina.  But  there  was  a  sharper  need  to  be  first  relieved,  however, 
than  that  of  education ;  the  negroes,  having  passed  so  suddenly  from  slavery 
to  freedom,  were  in  the  most  abject  misery,  and  were  absolutely  in  a  per- 
ishing condition.  It  was  indispensable  to  commence  by  feeding  the  hungry 
and  clothing  the  naked  ;  tins  done,  it  might  be  possible  to  regenerate  the  now 


THE   NEW   ENGLAND   FREEDMEX'S   AID  SOCIETY.  367 

enfranchised  people,  to  reorganize  labor,  to  open  schools  and  churches,  and  to 
make  a  beginning  towards  training  the  freedmen  in  habits  of  honesty  and  self- 
reliance. 

The  first  society  formed  with  these  objects  in  view  was  "  The  New  Eng- 
land Freedmen's  Aid  Society."  This  association  had  its  origin  in  Boston,  at 
the  house  of  the  Rev.  Jacob  M.  Manning,  in  response  to  an  appeal  from  Mr. 
E.  L.  Pierce,  United  States  agent  for  the  liberated  slaves  of  Port  Royal.  An 
organization  was  effected  on  the  7th  of  February,  1862.  the  following  officers 
being  appointed : 

President, 
His  EXCELLENCY  JOHN  A.  ANDREW. 

Vice-  Presiden  ts, 

REV.  JACOB  M.  MANNING,  RET.  J.  F.  CLARKE,  D.  D., 

REV.  EDWARD  E.  HALE,  HON.  JACOB  SLEEPER, 

REV.  J.  W.  PARKER,  D.  D.,  REV.  T.  B.  THAYER, 

RKV.  F.  D.  HTNTINGTON. 

Treasurer,  Recording  Secretary, 

WILLIAM  ENDICOTT,  JUN.  EDWARD  ATKINSON. 

Committee  on  Finance. 

EDWARD  ATKINSON.  WM.  ENDICOTT,  JUN., 

MARTIN  BRIMMER,  WM.  I.  BOWDITCH, 

JAMES  T.  FISIIEK,  JAMES  M.  BARNARD. 

Committee  on   Teachers. 

LoRING  LOTHKOP.  GfiO.  B.  EMERSON, 

Miss  H.  E.  STEVENSON.  DR.  L.  B.  RUSSELL, 

MRS.  ANNA  LOWELL.  REV.  C.  F.  BARNARD. 

Committee  on  Clothing  and  Supplies. 

MKS.  J.  A.  LANE,  MRS.  WM.  B.  ROGERS, 

MRS.  SAMUEL  CABOT.  GEO.  ATKINSON, 

EDWARD   JACKSON. 

An  appeal  was  forthwith  issued  to  the  people  of  New  England  for  money 
and  clothing,  and  the  answer  was  so  prompt  that  the  society  was  at  once  able 
to  commence  the  forwarding  of  supplies,  and  soon  afterwards  to  dispatch 
thirty-one  teachers  and  superintendents.  The  office  of  these  teachers  was  not 
altogether  to  "  teach"  in  the  ordinary  sense — that  is,  to  set  the  pupil  a  lesson, 
to  see  that  he  learned  it,  and  then  to  hear  him  recite  it.  Some  of  them  never 
entered  a  school-house.  The  negro  had  quite  as  much  to  unlearn  as  to  learn. 
All  the  teachings  of  slavery  were  to  be  wiped  away.  He  needed  a  knowledge 


368  THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 

which  lay  far  behind  the  alphabet ;  his  poverty  in  book-learning  was  not  his 
worst  deficiency.  He  needed  lessons  of  industry,  of  domestic  management,  of 
thrift,  of  truth,  of  honesty — matters  in  which  he  had  been  wilfully  led  astray. 
And  in  these  things  the  teachers  commissioned  by  the  society  were  amply 
fitted  to  give  instruction,  not  only  by  precept,  but  by  example. 

During  the  first  three  years  the  association  employed  two  hundred  and 
twenty  teachers,  three  quarters  of  them  women.  The  first  went  to  Port  Eoyal, 
as  we  have  said ;  as  the  field  was  extended,  and  as  the  government  began  to 
aid  the  society  by  giving  its  delegates  transportation,  shelter,  and  army  rations, 
others  were  sent  to  Washington,  Alexandria,  Newbern,  Norfolk,  St.  Helena, 
Jacksonville,  Edisto  Island,  Savannah,  and  Charleston.  The  association 
thought  best  to  concentrate  its  efforts  upon  these  points,  and  to  leave  other 
stations  to  societies  situated  in  their  own  more  immediate  neighborhood. 

The  effect  of  the  three  years'  work  upon  the  negroes  of  Port  Eoyal  is 
marked,  and  at  this  late  day  no  one  cares  to  question  or  deny  it.  "They 
have  made  wonderful  progress  in  knowledge  and  comfort,  in  manners  and 
morals.  They  are  self-supporting ;  they  are  prosperous ;  they  are  valuable 
producers;  they  are  profitable  customers;  and  one  out  of  three  of  the  whole 
population  has  received  more  or  less  instruction  in  the  schools." 

In  the  Third  Annual  Eeport  of  the  society  is  the  following  excellent 
point,  excellently  made : 

"  We  have  hinted  at  a  comparison  between  the  negro  freedman,  as  respects 
industry,  and  the  Italian  peasant.  Suppose  that  we  should  read  in  the  Journal 
of  the  Friends  of  Italy,  this : 

"  It  is  only  three  years  since  the  drawbacks  on  Italian  national  industry 
have  been  removed,  and  here  are  a  few  facts.  The  sales  last  year  to  people 
recently  common  day-laborers  at  San  Felice  (not  St.  Helena)  amounted  to 
fifty-six  thousand  scudi,  and  lately  at  a  sale  at  Velletri  (not  Beaufort)  the 
same  class  of  people  bought,  with  their  earnings,  from  seventy-five  to  eighty 
houses,  costing  in  the  aggregate  about  $40,000.  What  an  argument  for  the 
new  over  the  old  system  would  be  further  statements  like  these :  Tomaso 
Pelucci  (not  black  Harry)  sold  last  year  $1,358  worth  of  cotton,  besides  rais- 
ing corn,  pork,  and  potatoes  enough  for  his  family ;  and  Grennaro  Scapi,  ex- 
contadino  (not  Kit  Green,  ex-slave),  sold  his  cotton  for  $4,100.  The  industry 
and  practical  efficiency  of  no  class  of  men,  whether  white  or  black,  can  be 
measured  by  what  they  have  done  under  an  oppressive  rule,  with  none  of  the 
incitement  which  comes  only  from  free  institutions." 

It  might  be  added  to  this,  that  the  records  of  the  War  Department  show 


THE   NATIONAL   FREEDMEN^  RELIEF  ASSOCIATION.  369 

that  the  government  has  aided  more  whites  than  blacks,  during  the  war,  by 
forty  thousand.  '  ' 

The  monetary  and  supply  statistics  of  the  society  are  as  follows,  in  round 
numbers : 

Money  received  in  1862 $16.400  00 

Value  of  goods  received  in  1862 20,000  00 

Money  received  in  1863 18,500  00 

Value  of  goods  received  in  1863 20,000  00 

Money  received  in  1864 36,000  00 

Value  of  goods  received  in  1864 25,000  00 


Total. $135,900  00 

New  England  contributed  nearly  the  whole  of  these  supplies,  and  Massa- 
chusetts three  quarters  of  the  money.  Besides  this,  it  will  be  remembered,  as 
stated  in  our  account  of  the  Western  Sanitary  Commission,  that  Chaplains 
Fiske  and  Fisher  collected  $40,000  in  money  and  clothing,  in  New  England, 
for  the  freedmen  of  the  Southwest.  We  may  also  state  that  $9,000  were 
obtained  in  Boston  for  the  Eoanoke  Colony,  and  that  New  England  has  fur- 
nished the  National  Freedmen's  Relief  Association  of  New  York  with  a  large 
portion  of  its  supplies. 

The  society  just  mentioned,  the  National  Freedmen's  Relief  Association, 
originated  at  a  meeting  held  in  New  York,  on  the  22d  of  February,  1862. 
Like  the  New  England  Society,  its  first  object  was  to  relieve  the  freedmen  of 
Port  Royal  and  vicinity.  Its  first  officers  were  as  follows : 

President, 
FRANCIS  GEORGE  SHAW. 

Corresponding  Secretary,  Recording  Secretary, 

REV.  O.  B.  FROTHINGHAM.  GEORGE  CABOT  WARD. 

Treasurer, 
JOSEPH  B.  COLLINS. 

Finance  Committee, 

GEORGE  CABOT  WARD,  JOSEPH  B.  COLLINS, 

CHARLES  C.  LEIGH. 

Executive  Committee, 

C.  C.  LEIGH,  CHARLES  COLLINS, 

REV.  HENRY  J.  Fox,  WM.  GEO.  HAWKINS,  Secretary. 

Advisory  Committee, 
S.  H.  TTNG,  D.  D.,  WM.  C.  BRYANT. 

Law  Committee, 

WM.  ALLEN  BUTLER,  EDGAR  KETCHUM. 

24. 


370  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

The  objects  of  the  society  thus  formed  were  stated  in  an  appeal  to  the  pub- 
lic for  the  means  with  which  to  carry  them  out,  as  follows  : 

"  1st.  To  relieve  the  sufferings  of  the  freedmen,  as  they  come  within  our 
army  lines,  by  clothing  the  ragged  and  naked,  furnishing  hospitals  and  medi- 
cine for  the  sick,  asylums  for  the  orphans,  and  shelter  for  the  houseless,  and 
aiding  in  the  erection  of  hundreds  of  cabins. 

"  2d.  To  aid  in  placing  the  freedmen  in  positions  of  self-sustenance,  by 
procuring  them  employment,  furnishing  them  agricultural  implements  and 
seeds,  giving  them  instruction  in  the  best  modes  of  cultivation,  and  encourag- 
ing the  mechanic  by  furnishing  tools  and  stock  to  the  carpenter,  blacksmith, 
and  shoemaker. 

"  3d.  To  establish  and  sustain  schools  at  all  points  in  the  South,  where  it 
is  safe  to  do  so,  for  the  education  of  the  freedmen  and  their  children ;  day- 
schools  for  children  and  youth,  night-schools  for  adults,  industrial  schools  to 
teach  the  women  to  cut  and  make  clothes  for  themselves  and  families,  and 
Sunday-schools  for  religious  instruction. 

"4th.  Relief  to  be  also  furnished  to  suffering  white  loyal  refugees,  to  the 
extent  of  the  means  contributed  for  this  specific  object" 

At  a  later  date,  the  society  said  of  itself  and  its  labors  : 

"  It  has  been  no  part  of  the  work  of  this  association  to  inquire  into 
causes,  or  to  speculate  on  the  future  of  the  negro.  We  find  him  naked,  and 
we  clothe  him  ;  ignorant,  and  we  instruct  him  ;  without  employment,  and  we 
give  him  the  materials  to  earn  a  livelihood.  We  find  him  wounded  and  bleed- 
ing by  the  wayside,  left  half  dead  by  thieves  who  have  robbed  him  of  all  he 
possessed ;  ours  is  to  bring  him  to  the  inn  at  Jerusalem,  and  take  care  of 
him." 

The  work  thus  laid  out  has  been  faithfully  done,  as  far  as  the  means 
placed  at  the  society's  disposal  has  enabled  it  to  go.  The  progress  of  the 
war  soon  brought  two  millions  of  enfranchised  men,  women,  and  children 
within  the  United  States  lines.  Kept  ignorant,  almost  brutalized,  in  time  of 
peace,  they  had  been  set  free,  and  placed  in  a  position  to  test  their  capacity 
for  freedom,  by  war.  All  were  necessarily  degraded,  though  in  various 
degrees.  The  old,  the  infirm,  the  children,  were  in  a  state  of  utter  destitution. 
The  husbands  and  fathers  enlisted  by  thousands  in  the  armies  of  their  coun- 
try, leaving,  of  course,  their  families  in  a  state  of  dependence.  Here  was  the 
field  in  which  this  society  and  its  kindred  associations  had  to  labor. 

How  to  obtain  the  two  great  requisites  for  a  successful  beginning — money 
and  clothing — was,  of  course,  the  first  and  the  vital  question.  This  seemed 


SOURCES   OF  SUPPLY.  371 

already  answered  in  the  experience  of  the  Sanitary  Commission,  and  the 
much  older  practice  of  the  Bible,  Tract,  and  Missionary  Societies — by  means 
of  local,  town,  and  village  auxiliaries.  These  local  societies  should  canvass 
exhaustively  their  own  districts,  soliciting  old  clothing  from  those  who  could 
not  give  money,  and  money  from  those  who  had  no  clothing.  This  scheme, 
carried  into  effect,  principally  in  New  England,  gave  the  National  Association, 
in  three  years,  over  $400,000  in  cash  and  stores.  This  was  collected  from  all 
the  free  states  and  territories ;  from  England,  Ireland,  Scotland,  and  Canada, 


THE   IDEAL  FREKDMAN.* 


Without  going  into  details,  for  which  we  have  not  space,  we  may  say,  gen- 
erally, that  partly  by  the  efforts  of  this  society,  partly  by  those  of  kindred 
associations,  very  considerable  districts  of  the  South  have  been  reorganized 
and  reconstructed.  "  In  the  Sea  Islands  of  South  Carolina,  where  the  experi- 
ment was  first  made,  and  where  the  subjects  were  the  least  promising,  large 

*  From  a  statuette,  by  J.  Q.  A.  Ward. 


372  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK 

herds  of  imbrnted  slaves  have  been  converted  into  orderly  communities  of  law- 
abiding  freemen.  Under  a  system  of  elementary  instruction  improvised  for 
their  benefit,  blank  ignorance  has  given  place  to  comparative  intelligence, 
chattel  slaves  have  become  landed  proprietors,  black  men  are  tilling  the  soil 
on  their  own  account,  agriculture  has  received  a  new  impulse,  and  Trade  has 
added  materially  to  the  number  of  her  customers." 

The  New  York  Society  had,  at  the  date  of  its  last  report,  one  hundred  and 
thirty-five  teachers  in  the  field,  and  was  supporting  four  orphan  asylums  and 
four  industrial  schools. 

A  society,  having  the  same  objects  in  view  as  those  of  the  two  associa- 
tions just  mentioned,  was  organized  in  Philadelphia,  on  the  5th  of  March, 
1862,  under  the  name  of  The  Port  Koyal  Eelief  Committee.  This  was  subse- 
quently changed  to  that  of  "  The  Pennsylvania  Freedmen's  Eelief  Association/' 
This  society  had,  at  a  recent  date,  acknowledged  the  receipt  of  $61,000  in 
money,  expended  in  the  purchase  of  supplies,  in  the  erection  and  support 
of  hospitals,  and  in  the  establishment  and  maintenance  of  sixteen  schools, 
taught  by  thirty-eight  teachers ;  had  purchased  property  and  erected  build- 
ings in  Washington  for  a  residence  for  teachers,  a  store  for  the  receipt  and 
distribution  of  goods  for  the  poor,  an  industrial  school  for  instruction  in 
cutting  and  sewing,  and  a  normal  school  for  training  advanced  and  promising 
scholars  as  teachers.  It  had  founded  two  important  auxiliary  societies  in 
Pittsburgh  and  Maryland,  the  former  of  which  obtained  $5,000  in  the  first 
few  hours  of  its  existence. 

The  Orthodox  Friends'  Association  of  Philadelphia,  founded  in  Novem- 
ber, 1863,  had,  at  a  recent  date,  received  $130,000,  of  which  $30,000  were 
contributed  by  Friends  in  England.  They  had  twenty-two  teachers  at  work, 
had  opened  two  stores  in  Virginia,  with  a  capital  of  $8,000  loaned  without 
interest,  for  the  purpose  of  furnishing  goods  to  the  freedmen  at  or  near  cost. 
In  seven  months  the  sales  had  been  about  $110,000.  They  had  under  their 
care  an  orphan  house  for  girls  at  Hampton,  Virginia;  had  sent  out  persons 
to  give  instruction  in  agricultural  pursuits,  and  had  given  away,  lent,  or  sold 
for  less  .than  their  value,  large  numbers  of  farming-tools,  mechanics'  instru- 
ments, and  seeds. 

The  Hicksite  Friends'  Association  had  received  $10,000  up  to  the  same 
date,  and  had  expended  it  in  aiding  the  freedmen. 

The  Northwestern  Freedmen'' s  Aid  Society  of  Chicago  received  in  its  first 
fifteen  months,  ending  March,  1865,  $137,000  in  money  and  stores ;  $10,000 
of  the  cash  receipts  were  earned  by  a  Freedmen's  Fair. 


THE  BIRD'S-NEST  BANK  OF  KALAMAZOO.  373 

There  axe  other  societies  laboring  in  behalf  of  the  freedmen — those  of 
Cincinnati;  of  the  District  of  Columbia;  of  "Worcester,  Massachusetts;  of 
Concord,  New  Hampshire.  The  associations  of  New  York  and  Boston  have 
branches  throughout  the  New  England  and  Northwestern  States.  Two  foreign 
societies  have  been  liberal  in  their  contributions  to  the  work — the  Freedmen's 
Aid  Society  of  London,  and  the  Union  and  Emancipation  Society  of  Man- 
chester. 

A  more  harmonious  and  united  action  has  always  been  desired  by  the 
various  societies  above  mentioned ;  seeking  but  one  object,  they  might  natu- 
rally expect  greater  success  to  follow  a  concentration  of  their  efforts.  At  one 
period,  five  of  them  agreed  to  come  together,  to  form  the  "  United  States 
Commission  for  the  Eelief  of  the  National  Freedmen."  At  another,  three  of 
them  united  to  form  the  "  American  Freedmen's  Aid  Union."  The  first  object 
of  the  latter  was  stated  to  be  to  aid  the  black  man  ;  its  ultimate  end  to  benefit 
the  state.  A  better  nucleus  around  which  to  cluster  has  now  been  presented 
by  the  government,  in  the  Freedmen's  Bureau  lately  established  by  Congress, 
and  superintended  by  Major-General  Oliver  Otis  Howard.  There  would  seem 
to  be  no  reason  why  the  freed  men's  relief  associations,  which,  from  the  nature 
of  their  mission  and  the  extent  of  their  work,  must  still  continue  to  exist, 
should  not  supplement  the  operations  of  this  bureau — the  creation  of  which 
they  have  always  desired — precisely  as  the  Sanitaiy  Commission  has  supple- 
mented those  of  the  medical  staff. 

We  must  make  room  for  one  instance,  out  of  thousands,  of  the  sacrifices 
by  which  these  associations  have  been  maintained.  It  is  furnished  by  the 
Boston  Freedmen's  Eecord : 

"  One  friend — who,  for  a  third  of  a  century,  has,  with  her  pen,  instructed 
the  free  and  pleaded  for  the  slave,  and  whose  income  is  about  $800  per  annum 
— sent  to  this  office,  last  winter,  $200  for  the  freedmen.  In  the  spring,  the 
same  liberal  hand  brought  $50.  In  the  summer,  an  engraving  of  one  of 
Raphael's  Madonnas  was  given  to  her.  Its  beauty  would  have  gladdened  her 
heart,  had  she  hung  it  on  the  wall  of  her  simple  home  in  Middlesex  County ; 
but,  with  characteristic  generosity,  she  brought  the  gift,  so  precious  to  her 
refined  taste,  to  be  sold  by  the  Committee  on  Teachers,  for  the  benefit  of  the 
freed  people.  And  now,  again,  the  same  tireless  liberality  has  sent  us  this 
month  $100  more." 

And  we  must  relate  the  story  of  the  Bird's-Nest  Bank  of  Kalamazoo,  no 
matter  what  other  story  is,  in  consequence,  excluded.  The  dollars  deposited 
in  this  bank  are  not  numerous,  but  there  is  a  fund  of  another  sort  there,  and 


ORIGIN  OF  THE   BIRD  8-NE8T 


374  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

it  would  be  difficult  for  any  sufferer  to  overdraw  his  account.     The  story  runs 
as  follows : 

A  collection  of  Sabbath-school  children,  in  Kalamazoo,  Michigan,  were, 
and  doubtless  still  are,  in  the  habit  of  meeting  together  in  their  chapel,  called 
the  Bird's-Nest,  on  Sunday.  In  February,  1864,  a  soldier  from  the  First 
Michigan  Cavalry,  encamped  near  by,  entered  the  chapel,  sat  down,  and  list- 
ened. When  the  plate  was  passed  around,  he  put  in 
his  penny,  saying,  "Here  is  a  penny  I  found  in  the 
bottom  of  my  pocket,  and  it  won't  grow  there ;  now  I 
want  to  deposit  it  with  the  '  Bird's-Nest,'  and  see  if 
it  will  grow  THERE."  The  teacher  took  the  penny, 
held  it  up,  and  repeated  what  the  soldier  had  said, 
adding,  "  Now  we  must  see  if  we  can  put  this  into  a 
goj^  where  it  can  take  root  and  grow."  The  penny 
was  immediately  purchased  for  ten  cents  by  the  mother  of  one  of  the  children, 
and,  as  additions  were,  from  time  to  time,  made  to  the  fund  thus  commenced, 
it  was  determined  to  select  some  good  object  which  the  growth  of  the  penny 
should  benefit.  The  following  resolutions  were  soon  after  passed  : 

"Whereas,  a  soldier  of  the  First  Michigan  Cavalry  deposited  with  the 
'  Bird's-Nest,'  in  February,  1864,  a  penny  for  growth,  the  following  rules  will 
be  observed  in  carrying  out  this  object : 

"  I.  This  enterprise  shall  be  called  the  Bird's-Nest  Bank. 
"  II.  Any  person  becomes  a  stockholder  in  this  bank  by  paying  ten  cents 
to  the  teacher,  and  will  receive  a  certificate  for  the  same. 

"III.  Eight  tenths  of  all  moneys  received  from  the  sale  of  stock  will  be 
used  for  the  education  of  freedmen,  and  two  tenths  for  the  benefit  of  the 
Bird's-Nest,  under  the  direction  of  the  teacher." 

The  children  of  the  school  now  devoted  their  leisure — their  Wednesday 
and  Saturday  afternoons — to  the  sale  of  shares  in  this  interesting  enterprise. 
Three  little  girls,  of  Ann  Arbor,  disposed  of  eighty-nine  in  less  than  a 
month.  A  soldier  of  the  Massachusetts  Thirty-third,  in  Atlanta,  sent  for 
seven  certificates,  to  be  divided  among  his  seven  children.  By  the  time  seven 
hundred  shares  had  been  disposed  of,  the  president  and  directors  of  the  bank 
were  saddened  by  the  news  of  the  death  of  its  founder,  who  was  called  away 
from  his  cot  in  an  Alexandria  hospital,  forgetting,  perhaps,  that  he  had  not 
buried  his  talent  in  a  napkin,  and  all  unconscious  that  the  penny  deposited 
for  growth  had  produced  just  seven  thousand  fold.  The  president  and  direct- 
ors took  the  penny,  polished  it,  drilled  a  hole  through  it,  and  caused  it  to  be 


A  LETTER   FROM   THE  BIRDS  OF  OHIO.  375 

suspended  on  Sundays  in  the  Bird's-Nest  Chapel,  by  a  ribbon  of  red,  white, 
and  blue. 

In  one  year  from  its  foundation,  the  bank  had  sold  two  thousand  four  hun- 
dred shares,  every  loyal  state  being  represented  upon  its  books  except — we 
write  it  with  reluctance — Maryland  and  Rhode  Island.  It  had  sent  certificates 
to  South  Carolina  and  Canada,  to  England  and  Scotland ;  and,  like  the  gold- 
bearing  bonds  of  the  government,  its  stock  was  favorablv  known  in  Frankfort 

o  c  %/ 

and  at  Bingen-on-the-Rhine.  A  branch  office  was  opened  at  the  Chicago  Fair 
for  the  freedmen,  and  the  sale  of  stock  was  good.  An  old  gentleman,  of 
ninety -three  years,  from  Leicester,  Massachusetts,  took  one  share,  and  an  Iowa 
grandmother,  who  had  grandchildren  twenty-three,  subscribed  for  a  certificate 
for  each.  It  is  idle  for  us,  after  thus  chronicling  the  success  of  this  bank,  and 
the  rapid  dissemination  of  its  obligations,  to  deny  the  prevalent  rumor,  that 
the  directors  had  been  obliged  to  ask  the  assistance  of  Mr.  Jay  Cooke.  Mr. 
Cooke,  we  are  authorized  to  state,  is  not  an  agent  of  the  Bird's-Nest ;  he  has 
sold  none  of  its  shares,  and  we  are  not  aware  that  he  has  ever  bought  any. 
Persons  wishing  to  invest  in  a  stock  whose  dividends  are  payable  to  others, 
must  write  directly  to  head-quarters,  to  the  Bird's-Nest  Bank  at  Kalamazoo, 
inclosing,  say  one  dollar  for  ten  shares.  The  attention  of  citizens  of  Mary- 
land and  Rhode  Island  is  especially  invited  to  this  privilege.  Anne  Arundel 
could  not  more  wisely  appropriate  her  pocket-money.  From  the  correspond- 
ence of  the  president  and  directors,  which  is  open  to  the  inspection  of  all,  we 
make  the  following  ornithological  extract : 

"The  Birds  of  Kirtland  (Ohio),  to  the  Robins,  Thrushes,  Orioles,  Quails,  Bob- 
olinks, Sparrows,  and  Humming-birds  of  Kalamazoo,  send  greeting: 
"MosT  AMIABLE  BIRDS: 

"  Truly,  there  is  hope  for  the  world  when  the  little  birds  assemble  in  flocks 
under  the  same  tree,  and  live  peacefully  and  lovingly  in  a  single  nest.  We 
have  heard  in  other  times  of  the  Feathered  Kingdom.  That  day  is  past,  and 
a  great  revolution  is  in  progress — nay,  it  is  already  successful.  All  hail  to  the 
Feathered  Republic !  The  Eagle,  no  longer  the  king  and  tyrant  of  any,  has 
become  the  president  and  protector  of  all  the  birds.  We  still  hear  the 
screaming  of  the  Hawks,  and  the  hooting  of  the  Owls,  but  we  do  not  admit 
t«Jiem  to  our  society,  and  we  trust  they  find  no  place  in  your  nest ;  for,  although 
the  Hawks  pretend  to  chivalry,  and  the  Owls  to  wisdom,  they  will  do  you  no 
good — they  will  add  nothing  to  your  wealth  or  enjoyment.  It  gives  us  great 
pleasure  to  know  that  you  concern  yourselves  with  all  the  birds  of  our  land, 
and  especially  with  those  called  the  Wandering  Blackbirds;  for,  although  they 


376  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK 

cannot  boast  the  brilliant  plumage  of  the  Orioles  and  Humming-birds,  we  all 
know  that  they  have  kind  and  social  natures  and  a  pleasant  song,  and  that  the 
great  Father  of  all  the  birds  loves  them  dearly,  and  is  pleased  when  the  other 
birds  try  to  do  them  good.  The  Hawks  and  Owls  have  long  oppressed  them ; 
have  broken  their  eggs,  devoured  their  young  ones,  and  destroyed  their  homes ; 
but  we  trust  that  you  give  them  a  cordial  welcome  to  your  nest,  and  that,  by 
the  profits  of  your  admirable  bank,  they  will  ere  long  be  made  as  comfortable 
and  prosperous  as  the  rest  of  the  birds. 

"  One  of  the  Kirtland  birds,  Lennie  B.  by  name,  who  is  eight  years  old, 
has  received  from  the  old  and  young  birds  of  this  vicinity  five  dollars  and 
twenty  cents,  which  he  wishes  to  deposit  in  your  bank,  for  their  benefit." 

This  is  the  story,  and  if  it  could  be  brought  to  the  knowledge  of  that 
class  of  our  population  which  robs  birds'-nests  on  Wednesday  and  Saturday 
afternoons,  and  even  plays  truant  on  other  afternoons  for  the  same  purpose, 
we  think  it  would  break  up  the  habit. 

But  aid  might  be  extended  to  black  freemen  as  well  as  to  black  freedmen. 
There  was  already  one  method  open  to  those  who  wished  well  to  the  negro  in 
the  North — that  was  to  enable  him  to  prove  his  manhood  by  fighting  for  his 
country.  Negro  regiments  had  already  been  raised  in  Massachusetts  under 
the  direct  auspices  of  the  state,  the  regiments  being  numbered  and  their 
officers  appointed,  precisely  as  if  they  were  white.  Obstacles  existed  to  this 
course  in  Pennsylvania  and  New  York :  there  regiments  could  be  raised  under 
United  States  authority  only,  and  for  this  considerable  sums  of  money  were 
necessary.  A  number  of  gentlemen  took  the  matter  in  hand  in  Philadelphia, 
in  the  spring  of  1863,  and  the  result  of  their  action  was  the  appointment  of 
a  "  Supervisory  Committee  for  Recruiting  Colored  Troops,"  of  which  Thomas 
Webster  was  made  Chairman,  Cadwalader  Biddle,  Secretary,  and  Singleton 
Mercer,  Treasurer.  The  subscriptions  which  were  solicited  by  this  committee 
were  to  be  expended  in  "defraying  extraordinary  expenses  attending  the 
recruiting  of  three  colored  regiments  for  the  war."  Though  these  expenses 
had  been  $30,000  per  regiment  in  Massachusetts,  the  committee  ventured  to 
say  that  with  $30,000  in  hand  they  could  recruit  three  regiments,  and 
appealed  to  the  citizens  for  that  amount  of  money.  Somewhat  more  than 
this  was  readily  obtained.  * 

The  first  squad  of  eighty  men  was  sent  to  Camp  William  Penn  on  the 
26th  of  June,  and  on  the  24th  of  July  the  first  regiment,  called  the  Third 
United  States  Colored  Troops,  was  full.  It  left  camp  on  the  13th  of  August, 
and  was  in  front  of  Fort  Wagmer  when  that  work  was  abandoned. 


RELIEF  FOR  THE  VICTIMS   OF  THE   RIOTS.  377 

The  second  regiment,  the  Sixth  United  States,  was  full  on  the  13th  of  Sep- 
tember, and  left  camp  for  Yorktown  on  the  14th  of  October. 

The  third  regiment,  the  Eighth  United  States,  was  full  on  the  4th  of  De- 
cember, and  left  camp  for  Hilton  Head  on  the  16th  of  January,  1864. 

The  committee  had  now  fulfilled  their  pledge,  but  they  still  pursued  their 
self-imposed  task,  recruiting  and  dispatching  the  Twenty-second  and  Twenty- 
fifth  United  States  during  the  months  of  February  and  March.  Not  content 
with  this,  they  opened  a  free  military  school  at  their  head-quarters,  under  the 
direction  of  Colonel  John  H.  Taggart,  for  the  education  of  officers  of  colored 
regiments.  All  the  students  sent  from  this  institution  before  the  Examining 
Board  at  Washington,  passed  and  received  commissions. 

And  now  another  opportunity  was  presented.  Soon  after  the  quelling  of 
the  draft  riots  in  New  York,  in  the  second  week  of  July,  1863,  in  which  the 
negroes,  both  men  and  women,  underwent  frightful  persecutions,  a  meeting  of 
merchants  was  held  to  devise  measures  for  their  relief.  The  following  gen- 
eral committee  was  appointed : 

BENJ.  B.  SHERMAN,  JACKSON  S.  SCHULTZ,  SAMUEL  WILLETS, 

JOHN  D.  McKENziE,  EDWARD  CROMWELL,  WM.  W.  WICKES, 

JONATHAN  STURGES,  RICHARD  P.  BUCK,  W.  ALLAN, 

GEO.  C.  COLLINS,  WM.  II.  LEE,  CHAS.  E.  BEEBE, 

WM.  A.  BOOTH,  HORACE  GRAY,  JR.,  A.  R.  WETMORE, 

A.  F.  OCKERSHAUSEN,  WM.  E.  DODGE,  JOSEPH  B.  COLLINS. 

T.  C.  DOREMUS, 

At  an  adjourned  meeting,  held  July  20th,  Jonathan  Sturges  addressed 
those  present,  and,  in  the  course  of  his  remarks,  spoke  as  follows : 

"  I  have  been  forty-one  years  a  merchant  in  my  present  location.  During 
this  period  I  have  seen  a  noble  race  of  merchants  pass  away.  I  cannot  help 
calling  to  mind  the  many  acts  of  charity  which  they  performed  during  their 
lives.  I  hardly  need  to  name  them ;  you  all  know  them.  You  know  how 
they  sent  relief  to  southern  cities  when  they  were  desolated  by  fire  or  pesti- 
lence ;  how  they  sent  ship-loads  of  food  to  the  starving  people  of  Ireland ;  this 
last  act  of  brotherly  love  we  have  had  the  privilege  of  imitating  during  the 
past  winter ;  and  as  often  as  occasion  requires,  I  trust  we  shall  be  quick  to 
continue  these  acts  of  humanity,  thus  showing  that  the  race  of  New  York 
merchants  is  not  deteriorating.  We  are  now  called  upon  to  sympathize  with  a 
different  class  of  our  fellow-men.  Those  who  know  the  colored  people  of  this 
city,  can  testify  to  their  being  a  peaceable,  industrious  people,  having  their 
own  churches,  Sunday-schools,  and  charitable  societies ;  and  that,  as  a  class, 
they  seldom  depend  upon  charity ;  they  not  only  labor  to  support  themselves, 


378  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

but  to  aid  those  who  need  aid.  This  is  their  general  character,  and  it  is  our 
duty  to  see  that  they  are  protected  in  their  lawful  labors,  to  save  themselves 
from  becoming  dependent  on  the  charity  of  the  city.  We  have  not  come 
together  to  devise  means  for  their  relief  because  they  are  colored  people, 
but  because  they  are,  as  a  class,  persecuted  and  in  distress  at  the  present 
moment.  It  is  not  necessary  for  our  present  purposes  to  inquire  who  the 
men  are  who  have  persecuted,  robbed,  and  murdered  them.  We  know  they 
are  bad  men,  who  have  not  done  as  they  would  be  done  by.  Let  us  not 
follow  their  example ;  let  us  be  quick  to  relieve  those  who  are  now  in  trouble, 
and  should  we  ever  find  those  who  have  persecuted  the  negroes  in  like 
trouble,  let  us  be  quick  to  relieve  them  also,  and  thus  obey  the  injunction  of 
our  Divine  Master:  'Bless  those  who  persecute  you.'  " 

An  executive  committee  of  the  following  gentlemen  was  then  appointed : 

JOHN  D.  HcKfixziE,  Chairman.  JONATHAN  STURGES,  Treasurer. 

GEO.  C.  COLLINS,  Secretary. 

JAOKSOX  S.  SCHULTZ,  A.  R.  WETMOKE, 

JOSEPH  B.  COLLINS,  EDWARD  CROMWELL. 

Subscriptions  were  now  in  order,  and  Mr.  Edward  Cromwell  stated  that 
he  was  authorized  by  members  of  the  Produce  Exchange  to  hand  to  the 
treasurer  their  check  for  $800,  on  account.  This  was  subsequently  increased 
to  $1,511.  Subscriptions  to  the  amount  of  $6,500  were  recorded  before  the 
meeting  adjourned.  Mr.  Vincent  Colyer  was  soon  after  made  secretary,  and 
was  authorized  to  secure  a  suitable  central  office.  From  Mr.  Colyer's  report 
of  the  manner  in  which  the  fund,  which  reached,  in  the  aggregate,  $41,086.08, 
was  administered,  the  following  facts  are  gathered: 

The  negroes,  driven  from  the  city  by  fear  of  death  at  the  hands  of  the 
mob,  had  taken  refuge  on  Blackwell's  Island,  at  the  police  stations,  in  swamps 
and  woods  in  New  Jersey,  in  the  barns  and  outhouses  of  farmers  of  Long 
Island.  Five  thousand  men,  women,  and  children,  absolutely  homeless  and 
penniless,  were  collected  in  these  places.  To  restore  their  confidence  by 
establishing  some  central  point  at  which  they  could  receive  aid,  and  where 
they  would  be  protected  from  violence,  was  the  first  point  to  be  gained.  ,  This 
was  done ;  an  office  was  secured  in  Fourth  Street,  and  opened  for  business  on 
the  23d  of  July.  On  the  first  day,  thirty -eight  applicants  received  aid ;  on 
the  second,  three  hundred  and  eighteen ;  and  on  the  third,  three  thousand 
negroes,  all  wearing  the  marks  of  abject  misery,  some  of  them  presenting  the 
unhealed  evidences  of  abuse,  filled  the  neighboring  streets.  The  soldiers  of 
the  Twelfth  Regiment  of  State  Troops,  whose  quarters  were  in  an  upper  story 


RECRUITING  OF   COLORED   TROOPS   IN   NEW   YORK.  379 

of  the  building,  threw  out  their  rations  to  the  throng,  when  a  pitiable  scramble 
to  obtain  them  followed. 

During  the  month  ending  August  21st,  six  thousand  three  hundred  and 
ninety-two  adults,  representing  twelve  thousand  seven  hundred  and  eighty- 
two  persons,  had  been  relieved.  The  aid  extended  was  principally  in  money, 
a  small  portion  being  in  clothing.  Messrs.  James  S.  Stearns  and  Cephas 
Brainerd,  assisted  by  other  gentlemen,  made  out,  without  charge,  over  one 
thousand  claims  for  damages  against  the  city.  Of  the  men  relieved,  exactly 
one  half  were  laborers  and  'longshoremen,  the  larger  part  of  the  remainder 
being  white  washers,  porters,  waiters,  carmen,  sailors,  coachmen,  and  cooks. 
Two  thirds  of  the  women  worked  by  the  day,  the  rest  being  principally 
servants,  seamstresses,  and  cooks. 

As  soon  as  the  more  pressing  necessities  of  the  sufferers  were  relieved,  four 
clerks  were  discharged,  and  four  colored  clergymen  employed  in  their  places. 
These  persons  visited  applicants  for  aid  at  their  homes,  making  in  all  three 
thousand  visits,  and  relieving  the  wants  of  one  thousand  men  and  women. 
Ninety -five  per  cent,  of  the  individuals  who  asked  assistance  were  found 
to  be  worthy  of  it,  and  the  proportion  of  vicious  and  indolent  persons  was 
not  found  to  be  greater  than  among  the  more  favored  classes  of  society. 

The  sum  of  $60,000  was  raised  in  New  York  for  the  benefit  of  the  mem- 
bers of  the  police,  fire  department,  and  national  guard,  injured  in  the  riots. 
Of  the  police,  several  had  been  killed  and  several  dangerously  wounded. 

And  now  commenced  the  recruiting  of  colored  regiments  in  New  York ; 
this  measure,  if  not  hastened  by  the  riots,  was  certainly  not  postponed  an  hour 
by  them. 

On  the  12th  of  November,  1863,  the  Union  League  Club  of  New  York 
appointed  a  committee  of  seven  members,  to  adopt  and  prosecute  such 
measures  as  they  might  deem  most  effectual,  to  aid  the  government  in  raising 
and  equipping  the  quota  of  volunteers  required  of  the  city.  The  committee 
consisted  of  the  following  gentlemen : 

ALEXANDER  VAN  RENSSELAER,  Chairman.  JAMES  A.  ROOSEVELT,  Treasurer. 

GEO.  BLISS,  JR.,  Secretary. 

LE  GRAND  B.  CANNON,  ELLIOT  C.  COWDIN, 

CHAS.  P.  KIRKLAND,  SHERMAN  J.  BACON. 

The  first  plan  discussed  was  that  of  raising  a  fund  to  pay  additional 
bounties  to  volunteers.  This  was  finally  rejected,  in  the  belief  that  though  it 
might  fill  certain  regiments,  it  would  not  add  to  the  aggregate  number  of 
soldiers  in  the  service.  On  the  22d  of  the  month  a  letter  was  addressed  to 


380  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Governor  Seymour,  asking  his  authority  to  raise  a  regiment,  or  a  number  of 
companies,  of  colored  men  in  the  state.  Receiving  no  encouragement  in  this 
quarter,  they  applied  to  the  Secretaiy  of  War,  making  the  following  statement : 
"  Our  sole  bond  of  association  is  an  unflinching  determination  to  support  the 
government.  We  have  subscribed  a  large  sum,  to  be  appropriated  to  the 
raising  of  a  colored  regiment,  and  can  procure  much  more.  We  believe  that 
by  our  exertions  and  influence  we  can,  with  the  permission  of  the  government, 
put  in  the  field  a  regiment  worthy  to  stand  side  by  side  with  the  Fifty-fourth 
Massachusetts." 

Authority  to  recruit  the  "  Twentieth  Regiment  United  States  Colored 
Troops  "  was  soon  after  received  from  Washington,  and  the  committee  at  once 
applied  themselves  to  use  it.  Mr.  Vincent  Colyer  was  made  superintendent 
of  recruiting,  and  in  this  position  his  experience  acquired  in  North  Carolina, 
under  General  Burnside,  was  in  the  highest  degree  valuable. 

At  first  the  colored  men  of  New  York  showed  no  great  willingness  to 
enlist.  They  had  hardly  recovered  from  the  terrors  consequent  upon  the  riots 
of  July ;  agents,  moreover,  from  Massachusetts,  Connecticut,  and  Rhode 
Island,  had  already  secured  and  taken  away  those  most  desirous  of  fighting 
for  their  country ;  and  the  conduct  of  the  sub-agents  engaged  in  recruiting 
for  other  regiments  was  of  a  nature  to  alarm  and  deter  the  rest.  As  soon  as 
it  was  known  that  negroes  would  be  received,  runners  of  the  vilest  sort  rushed 
into  the  work.  Negroes  were  deceived  into  enlisting  by  the  grossest  pre- 
tences ;  they  were  seized,  drugged,  and  hurried  off  to  the  rendezvous.  These 
practices  were  not  confined  to  the  city,  but  were  of  daily  occurrence  upon  the 
great  highways  of  travel  leading  to  New  York.  The  blacks  naturally  became 
afraid  of  all  men  who  offered  bounties  for  entering  government  service,  and 
the  agents  of  the  committee  were  often  set  upon  and  driven  off  by  persons 
who  had  been  previously  maltreated  and  outraged. 

The  means  adopted  to  correct  these  evils,  and  to  convince  the  colored 
population  that  they  were  to  be  fairly  treated,  were,  in  the  first  place,  public 
meetings,  held  in  the  colored  churches.  Addresses  were  made  by  distin- 
guished gentlemen  and  by  their  own  pastors,  in  which  assurances  were  held 
out  that  all  recruits  should  be  honestly  dealt  with.  Secondly,  circulars  and 
hand-bills  were  issued,  stating  correctly  the  amount  of  bounties  and  wages 
the  recruit  would  receive,  and  the  right  of  their  families  to  their  share  of  the 
Relief  Fund.  These  statements,  endorsed  by  eight  colored  clergymen,  were 
distributed  widely  through  the  state.  In  the  third  place,  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Garnet  visited  Riker's  Island,  heard  the  complaints  of  those  who  had  been 


THE   RECRUITS  AND  THE   STATE  BOUNTY. 


381 


defrauded,  and  General  Dix  at  once  took  measures  to  arrest  and  punish  the 
offenders. 

Kecruits  were  now  obtained  as  rapidly  as  they  could  be  accommodated. 
Squads  arriving  in  the  city  too  late  for  the  steamer  plying  between  the  shore 
and  the  rendezvous  in  the  river,  were  kept  over  night  at  the  quarters  which 
had  been  obtained  in  Fourth  Street,  and  provided  with  meals.  They  came  by 
fifties  at  a  time ;  the  Eev.  Mr.  Le  Vere  offered  himself,  with  the  larger  por- 
tion of  the  male  members  of  his  congregation.  William  Derickson,  whose 


PAEADE   OF  TUB   TWEXTIETU    U.  8.  COLORED   TROOPS   IN   NEW   TCSi 

mother  was  murdered  by  the  mob  in  July,  whose  clothes  had  been  saturated 
with  camphene,  who  had  been  covered  with  straw  in  the  street,  and  who  had 
been  rescued  by  the  police  as  the  match  was  being  applied,  was  one  of  the 
earliest  volunteers.  Many  of  these  men  left  situations  where  they  were  earn- 
ing from  thirty  to  sixty  dollars  a  month. 

The  time  was  now  approaching  when  the  recruits  were  to  receive  their 
state  bounty  of  seventy-five  dollars  each  man.  They  naturally  desired  to 
send  a  portion  to  their  families,  but  as  their  post-office  address  was  often  too 
obscure  to  be  found  by  the  letter-carrier,  they  dared  not  send  by  mail ;  and 
the  hostility  to  the  blacks  was  so  great  that  the  women  and-  children  were 
afraid  to  venture  on  the  wharf,  or  on  board  the  steamer  plying  to  and  from  the 
island.  The  committee,  therefore,  chartered  a  steamer  for  this  special  service, 


382  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

and  fourteen  hundred  women  and  children  were  carried  to  the  rendezvous  on 
the  2d  and  3d  of  March,  1864.  Hundreds  of  baskets  were  searched  by  the 
guard,  but  not  a  bottle  of  liquor  was  found.  Forty  thousand  dollars  were 
brought  away  by  their  relatives  from  the  men  of  the  Twentieth  United  States. 

This  regiment  having  been  filled,  and  another,  the  Twenty-sixth,  having 
been  recruited  to  the  maximum  by  the  1st  of  February,  authority  was  asked 
and  received  to  raise  a  third,  to  be  called  the  Thirty-first,  though  it  was 
thought  probable  that  the  effort  would  fail,  as  more  than  half  the  able-bodied 
negroes  had  actually  enlisted.  In  the  mean  time,  on  the  5th  of  March,  the 
Twentieth  Eegiment  left  for  New  Orleans.  A  superb  stand  of  colors,  the 
regimental  flag  embroidered  from  a  design  furnished  by  Leutze,  was  presented 
with  great  ceremony  in  Union  Square,  in  behalf  of  some  one  hundred  and 
fifty  ladies,  the  mothers,  wives,  and  sisters  of  the  gentlemen  by  whose  exer- 
tions the  regiment  had  been  raised.  The  Twenty-sixth  left  New  York  on  the 
27th  of  March  for  Annapolis  and  Beaufort,  a  severe  storm  preventing  the 
intended  farewell  ceremonial. 

Eecruiting  for  the  Thirty-first  proceeded  slowly,  as  was  expected.  The 
State  of  New  York  had,  according  to  the  census  of  1860,  but  about  twenty- 
three  thousand  colored  males,  of  whom  nine  thousand  only  were  of  the  mili- 
tary age.  Of  these,  five  thousand  would,  in  the  ordinary  ratio,  be  able-bodied 
and  fit  for  service,  and  two  thousand  two  hundred  of  the  five  thousand  had 
already  volunteered.  A  portion  of  the  remainder,  probably  fifteen  hundred, 
had  entered  into  regiments  belonging  to  other  states,  and  several  hundreds  of 
others  were  in  government  employ  as  servants  or  teamsters.  Three  compa- 
nies were,  however,  filled,  and  were  ordered  away  in  April,  under  the  senior 
captain ;  a  consolidation  was  effected  with  three  hundred  men  raised  in  Con- 
necticut, thus  forming  a  battalion  under  a  lieutenant-colonel.  The  battalion 
lost  heavily  in  the  battle  of  the  crater  at  Petersburg,  but  was  afterwards  filled 
to  the  maximum,  and  a  colonel  was  appointed  to  the  command. 

The  expenses  of  the  committee  in  raising  these  three  regiments  were 
$19,000.  The  League  had  already  raised  $20,000  for  the  purpose,  and  would 
have  furnished  as  much  more  as  the  committee  had  called  for.  More  was  not 
raised  simply  because  it  was  not  wanted.  The  conduct  of  the  troops  thus 
put  in  the  field  was  such  as  to  gratify  those  who  had  given  their  means  or 
used  their  influence  to  further  the  measure,  to  silence  those  who  had  opposed 
it,  and  finally,  when  too  late,  to  provoke  a  similar  innovation  on  the  part  of  the 
enemy. 


CHAPTEE    XI. 

INTERNATIONAL   RELIEF. 


THE  GEORGE   GKISWOLD,   LADEN   WITH   BRF.AD6TCPT8. 


A  STATE  of  things  in  the  manufacturing  districts  of  England,  which  had 
long  been  looked  upon  as  inevitable,  in  consequence  of  the  scarcity  of  cotton 
and  the  stagnation  of  American  markets,  existed,  especially  in  Lancashire,  in 
the  summer  and  fall  of  1862.  In  July,  the  large  manufacturers  began  to  close 
their  mills,  and  in  October  one  half  of  the  operatives  were  out  of  employment, 


384  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

while  the  remainder  were  working  on  short  time.  On  the  1st  of  December, 
two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  persons  were  receiving  parish  relief  in  Lan- 
cashire, and  as  many  more  in  Derbyshire  were  wholly  dependent  upon  charity. 
In  Glasgow  and  Paisley,  in  Belfast  and  Ballymena,  the  distress  was  hardly  less 
acute.  Death  from  starvation,  or  from  disease  induced  by  insufficient  food, 
had  already  taken  place,  and  winter  was  close  at  hand. 

The  idea  of  sending  relief  from  America  had  been  broached  in  several 
quarters,  and  a  meeting  was  finally  called  in  New  York  for  the  4th  of 
December,  to  take  counsel  on  the  propriety  of  such  action.  The  attendance 
was  large,  and  resolutions  were  unanimously  passed,  approving  the  object  of 
the  call,  and  advising  that  measures  of  relief  be  at  once  adopted.  A  letter 
was  read  from  Messrs.  N.  L.  &  George  Griswold,  in  which  these  gentlemen, 
after  suggesting  that  a  national  subscription  be  set  on  foot,  offered  the  use 
of  a  new  ship,  of  eighteen  hundred  tons,  for  the  conveyance  of  supplies, 
and  their  own  services,  if  needed.  Another  letter  was  then  read  as  follows : 

"  NEW  YORK,  December  4,  1862. 

"  To  the  Chairman  of  the  Committee  for  sending  Aid  to  the  Operatives  of 
Lancashire : 

u  DEAR  SIR  : — I  rejoice  to  see  that  our  people  are  about  to  open  the  door 
of  our  bursting  granaries,  to  send  relief  to  the  starving  operatives  of  Lan- 
cashire. 

"  The  poor  fellows  have  acted  nobly  ;  famishing  men,  surrounded  by  their 
wives  and  little  ones,  '  faint,  and  at  the  point  to  die,'  will  not  join  the  clamor 
of  interested  leaders. 

"  The  value  of  our  unity  as  a  nation  is  well  understood  by  them,  and 
they  refuse  to  part  with  their  birthright  in  this  land  of  promise. 

"  We  offer  them  freely  a  welcome  and  a  homestead ;  and  now  that  the 
blow,  aimed  at  our  existence,  has  fallen  upon  them  too,  shall  we,  who  feed 
and  heal  those  who  aimed  that  blow  when  war  brings  them  into  our  power, 
refuse  these  poor,  innocent  sufferers  a  helping  hand  in  this  winter  of  their 
calamity  ? 

"  No  !  thank  God,  we  have  bread  and  to  spare,  and  they  will  not  say,  '  I 
was  an  hungered,  and  ye  gave  me  no  meat.' 

"Will  you  add  to  your  list  'One  Thousand  Barrels  of  Flour,' from  one 
whose  loaf  will  taste  the  sweeter  for  sharing  it  with  a  famished  brother,  and 
brand  it  'UNION.' " 

A  check  for  $7,000,  to  pay  for  these  thousand  barrels,  accompanied  the 


INTERNATIONAL   RELIEF.  38o 

letter.     The  check  was  signed  by  John  C.  Green,  who  afterwards  gave  $5,000 
more. 

Thus  a  good  ship  and  part  of  her  cargo  were  already  obtained.  Stimu- 
lated by  these  honorable  examples,  the  merchants  of  New  York  responded 
liberally  to  the  appeal,  and  $26,000  were  subscribed  at  once.  A  committee 

of  seventeen  was  appointed,  as  follows  : 

* 

Chairman, 
JOHN  C.  GREEN. 

Secretary,  Treasurer, 

JOHN  TAYLOK  JOHNSTON.  A.  A.  Low. 

J.  J.  ASTOR,  JR.,  ROBERT  L.  KENNEDY, 

SAMUEL  D.  BABCOCK,  CHAS.  H.  MARSHALL, 

S.  B.  CHITTENDEN,  THOMAS  TILESTON, 

WILLIAM  C.  DODGE,  EDWIN  D.  MORGAN, 

GEORGE  GRIS\VOLD,  ROBERT  B.  MINTURN, 

MOSES  TAYLOR,  JOHN  J.  PHELPS, 

JOHN  JAY,  A.  T.  STEWART. 

Additions  to  the  committee  were  subsequently  made,  till  it  finally  con- 
sisted of  eighty-six  members.  An  appeal  "  to  the  American  people  in  behalf 
of  the  suffering  operatives  of  Great  Britain"  was  immediately  .issued.  A 
committee  appointed  by  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  subsequently  fused  with 
the  committee  of  merchants ;  while  another,  appointed  by  the  Produce 
Exchange,  retained  its  organization,  though  co-operating  with  them,  and  con- 
signing their  purchases  of  supplies  to  the  same  parties  in  Liverpool.  This 
committee  forwarded  one  thousand  barrels  of  flour  by  the  ship  Hope,  which 
sailed  some  days  before  the  George  Griswold,  the  philanthropic  clipper. 

The  desire  to  aid  in  the  work  of  charity  seemed  to  be  well-nigh  universal. 
While  the  solid  men  drew  their  checks,  while  railway  and  telegraph  com- 
panies offered  the  free  use  of  their  lines,  hard-fisted  citizens  offered  their  ser- 
vices without  charge.  The  Griswold  had  arrived  in  ballast  from  Boston,  and 
the  Ballast  Masters'  Association  tendered  their  lighters  to  discharge  her.  The 
Association  of  Stevedores  proposed  to  load  her ;  Mr.  Edward  Bill  purchased 
eleven  thousand  barrels  of  flour  without  commission ;  Mr.  Murphy  offered  to 
pilot  the  vessel  to  sea  ;  and  Captain  George  Lunt  volunteered  to  take  her  across 
the  ocean. 

On  the  9th  of  January,  1863,  the  Griswold  was  ready  for  sea,  and  the 
committee  and  invited  guests  assembled  on  board,  to  bid  her  farewell  and 
God-speed.  Prayer  was  offered  by  the  Rev.  William  Adams  ;  and  statements 

25 


386  THE   TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

were  then  made  of  the  progress  which  had  been  effected,  and  of  the  cargo 
placed  in  the  ship.     These  may  be  summed  up  as  follows : 

By  the  Relief  Committee.  By  the  Produce  Exchange  Committee. 

11,236  barrels  of  flour,  1,500  barrels  of  flour, 

50       "           pork,  50        "           beef, 

125       "           bread,  200  boxes  of  bacon, 

375  boxes            "  8  tierces  of  rice. 

200       "  bacon, 

500  bushels  of  corn. 

The  Griswold  sailed  upon  the  9th  of  January,  and  entered  the  port  of  Liver- 
pool on  the  9th  of  February,  after  a  boisterous  passage.  She  was  followed 
soon  after  by  the  Arkwright  and  James  Foster,  Jr.,  carrying  three  thousand 
barrels  of  flour,  sent  by  the  Merchants'  Committee.  The  Energy,  the  Emerald, 
and  other  vessels,  successively  departed,  with  two  thousand  five  hundred  and 
seventy-nine  barrels  of  flour  and  three  tierces  of  hams,  from  the  two  commit- 
tees. The  total  shipments  of  the  two  committees  were,  therefore,  as  follows  : 

Relief  Committee.  Produce  Exchange  Committee. 

15,993  barrels  of  flour.  2,859  barrels  of  flour. 

125  barrels  of  bread,  208  boxes  of  bacon, 

375  boxes       "  50£  barrels  of  beef, 

500  bushels  of  corn,  8  tierces  of  rice, 

200  boxes  of  bacon,  2  bags     " 

50  barrels  of  pork.  3  tierces  of  hams. 

The  total  collections  for  the  relief  of  the  sufferers  in  Great  Britain  were  as 
follows : 

Collected  by  the  International  Relief  Committee $141,540  64 

"       Produce  Exchange           "           28,875  00 

"       Philadelphia                      "             about 62,00000 

Ship-load  of  provisions  sent  by  A.  T.  Stewart  to  Ireland 30,000  00 

Contribution  to  Irish  relief  in  New  York 30,000  00 

"                 "                 "       Brooklyn 15,000  00 

"                 «                 "       elsewhere,  about 40,000  00 


Total,  about $347,415  64 

The  provisions  sent  from  New  York  were  distributed  among  one  hundred 
and  eighty-three  distinct  localities  in  England,  Ireland,  and  Scotland.  They 
were  generally  received  in  the  spirit  in  which  they  were  sent,  though  the  com- 
ments of  one  of  the  London  weeklies  were,  literally,  outrageous.  But  the 
operatives  ate  the  proffered  food,  nevertheless,  and  few  of  those  who  sent  it 
ever  read  the  malignant  Saturday  Keview. 


CHAPTER    XII.* 

AID     TO     EAST     TENNESSEE. 


EAST  TENNESSEE,  which  became  at  the  very  outset  of  the  rebellion  a  point 
of  great  interest  to  all,  was  inhabited,  at  that  time,  by  about  three  hundred 
thousand  souls,  chiefly  farmers  of  moderate  means,  cultivating  their  own 
homesteads.  There  were  few  slaves  among  them,  fully  nine  tenths  of  the 
population  being  freemen.  These,  at  an  early  date,  avowed  their  determina- 
tion to  stand  by  the  Union — a  step  which  at  once  brought  upon  them  the  most 
cruel  and  unrelenting  persecution  which  the  history  of  modern  wars  has  been 
called  upon  to  chronicle.  Owing  to  their  isolation,  the  government  was  unable, 
for  two  years,  to  reach  and  protect  them,  and  during  this  time,  a  memorial  was 
sent  to  Congress  by  Colonel  Taylor,  an  East  Tennessean,  in  which  he  made 
the  following  statements : 

"  In  1861,  when  the  question  was  presented,  out  of  a  vote  of  forty  thou- 
sand, they  gave  thirty  thousand  majority  for  the  Union.  Their  arms  and 
ammunition  were  seized,  before  they  could  organize,  by  the  rebel  soldiers; 
and  though  the  government,  which  owed  them  protection,  did  not  protect 
them,  yet  their  hearts  clung  to  the  government,  and  they  prayed  for  the 
Union.  Five  thousand  of  their  men  have  seen  the  inside  of  rebel  prisons, 
and  hundreds  of  them,  covered  with  filth  and  devoured  by  vermin,  have  died 


388  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

martyrs  to  their  country  there.  Their  property  has  been  seized,  confiscated, 
their  houses  pillaged,  their  stock  driven  off,  their  grain  consumed,  their  sub- 
stance wasted,  their  fences  burned,  their  farms  devastated  by  friends  as  well  as 
foes  ....  Their  young  men  have  been  hunted  like  wild  beasts  by  soldiers,  by 
Indians,  sometimes  by  bloodhounds,  and,  when  caught,  tied  two  and  two  to 
long  ropes,  and  driven  before  cavalry,  thin-clad,  barefooted  and  bleeding,  over 
frozen  roads  and  icy  creeks  and  rivers.  Some  have  been  beaten  with  ropes, 
with  straps,  with  clubs.  Some  have  been  butchered,  others  shot  down  in  their 
own  houses  or  yards,  in  the  high-road  or  the  field,  or  in  the  forest;  others, 
still,  have  been  hung  up  by  the  neck  to  the  limbs  of  trees,  without  judge  or 
jury.  I  have  heard  of  no  single  neighborhood  within  the  bounds  of  East 
Tennessee  whose  green  sod  has  not  drunk  the  blood  of  citizens  murdered." 

Even  when  this  devoted  district  was  occupied  by  the  United  States  forces, 
relief  could  not  be  at  once  rendered,  for  General  Burnside,  compelled  to  make 
forced  marches  upon  Knoxville,  had  no  provision  train  with  him,  and,  of 
necessity,  lived  off  the  country.  Communication,  however,  was  finally  opened, 
and  a  terrible  cry  for  relief  was  at  once  heard  from  the  afflicted  people.  Colo- 
nel Taylor,  who  had  formerly  represented  them  in  Congress,  was  deputed  to  visit 
the  North  to  make  their  condition  known,  and  ask  for  assistance.  This  was 
rendered,  more  particularly  at  two  points,  Boston  and  Philadelphia.  Colonel 
Taylor  addressed  the  Legislature  of  Massachusetts,  and  so  great  was  the  sym- 
pathy excited,  that  a  resolution  was  at  once  introduced,  appropriating  $100,000 
from  the  State  Treasury  for  the  relief  of  the  people  of  East  Tennessee,  in 
spite  of  the  grave  doubts  entertained  of  the  constitutionality  of  such  a  meas- 
ure. A  public  meeting  was  held  at  Faneuil  Hall,  on  the  10th  of  February, 
1864,  in  furtherance  of  the  movement,  the  following  officers  being  appointed : 

President,  EDWARD  EVERETT. 

Vice  -Presiden  ts, 

Governor  ANDREW,  lion.  CHARLES  G.  LORINO,  JAMES  LAWRENCE, 

Mayor  LINCOLN,  WILLIAM  CLAFLIX,  RICHARD  FROTHINGHAM, 

Hon.  J.  E.  FIELD,  PATRICK  DONAHOE,  JULIUS  ROCKWELL, 

"     A.  H.  BULLOCK,  WILLIAM  B.  ROGERS,  CHARLES  L.  WOODBUKT, 

"     R.  C.  WINTIIROP,  CHARLES  B.  GOODRICH,  JOHN  M.  FORBES. 

Secretaries, 
Colonel  F.  L.  LEE,  SAMUEL  FROTHINGHAM,  JR. 

Mr.  Everett,  on  taking  the  chair,  made  a  short  but  most  beautiful  and  sym- 
pathetic address,  describing  the  natural  characteristics  of  the  region  for  which 
he  had  come  to  plead,  its  rivers,  valleys,  and  mountains :  fertile,  many  of  them, 


EAST  TENNESSEE.  389 

to  their  summits;  its  mines,  its  mineral  springs,  its  frugal,  industrious,  and 
loyal  population,  its  temperate  and  healthful  climate,  its  soil  equally  divided 
into  farms  tilled  each  by  its  owner,  the  labor  of  slaves  being  almost  unknown. 
He  closed  his  picture  of  the  American  Switzerland  by  a  paraphrase  of  the 
German  poet : 

On  the  mountains  is  Freedom :  the  breath  of  the  vales 
Rises  not  up  to  the  pure  mountain  gales; 

and  gave  way  to  Colonel  Taylor,  with  the  practical  assertion :  "  If  the  Union 
means  any  thing,  it  means  not  merely  political  connection  and  commercial 
intercourse,  but  to  bear  each  other's  burdens  and  to  share  each  other's  sacri- 
fices ;  it  means  actual  sympathy  and  efficient  aid." 

Colonel  Taylor  then  told  his  sad,  almost  incredible  story.  On  reaching  the 
point  in  his  narrative  where  the  United  States  forces  entered  the  territory,  he 
said:  "Four  times  have  the  Union  and  rebel  armies  traversed  the  whole 
length  of  East  Tennessee,  exhausting  the  country  all  around  for  current  sup- 
plies, and,  at  every  movement,  widening  the  track  of  ruin  that  they  left 
behind  them.  In  the  path  of  the  armies  came  robbers,  who  found  convenient 
hiding-places  in  the  mountains  that  skirt  our  valleys,  and  came  down  and 
claimed  their  share  of  the  property  of  our  plundered  people;  and  thus  it  came 
to  pass  that  our  barns  and  stables,  our  cribs  and  dwellings,  were  entered  and 
robbed,  and  our  people  left  utterly  destitute.  Our  blankets  and  bed-clothing, 
every  thing  of  woolen  that  was  calculated  to  render  the  soldiers  more  comfort- 
able, was  seized  by  the  strong  hand  and  carried  away.  Our  tanneries  shared 
the  same  fate.  They  had  all  been  compelled,  in  the  reign  of  the  rebels,  to 
contribute  sixty  per  cent,  of  their  leather  to  the  government  for  the  shoeing 
of  their  soldiers ;  but  now,  when  they  were  retreating  from  the  state,  they 
seized  all  the  leather  in  the  vats  and  bore  it  away,  leaving  our  old  men  and 
women  and  children  to  meet  the  rigors  of  the  passing  winter  barefooted,  as 
well  as  almost  naked. 

"  Believe  me,  fellow-citizens,  East  Tennessee  has  drunk  the  full  cup  of  suf- 
fering, and  nothing  seems  left  her  but  to  drain  its  bitterness  to  the  very  dregs. 
She  has  sacrificed  every  thing  but  loyalty  and  honor ;  she  has  suffered  every 
thing  but  dishonor  and  death ;  and  now,  destitution  and  famine,  followed  by 
despair  and  ruin,  are  trampling  upon  the  thresholds  of  her  sad  homes — are 
entering  their  very  doors,  ready  to  consummate  the  sacrifice  and  complete  the 
suffering.  But,  thank  God,  throughout  her  sufferings  she  has  been  faith- 
ful. Persuasion,  threats,  insults,  imprisonments,  wounds,  stripes,  privations, 


390  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

chains,  confiscation,  gibbets,  and  military  murders,  the  clash  of  arms,  the  ter- 
ribleness  of  armies  with  banners,  and  all  the  combined  and  concentrated 
horrors  of  internecine  war  marshalled  upon  her  battle-torn  bosom,  and  hurl- 
ing sorrow  and  ruin  into  all  her  homes,  have  never  corrupted  her  loyalty, 
nor  driven  her  a  solitary  line  from  her  devotion  to  the  government  of  her 
fathers.  .  .  .  East  Tennessee,  my  native  East  Tennessee,  has  sacrificed  all 
she  had  for  the  country.  Her  barns  and  mills,  her  flocks  and  herds,  her  cattle 
upon  a  thousand  hills,  have  all  been  offered  up.  Her  corn  and  wheat  are 
all  consumed ;  her  young  men — all  who  have  not  perished  in  the  camp 
and  on  the  battle-field — are  now  swelling  the  ranks  of  your  victorious 
armies ;  and,  sir,  our  matrons  and  maidens,  our  old  men  and  little  children, 
our  soldiers'  widows  and  orphaned  babes,  are  all  bound  and  upon  the  altar. 
Already  the  sacrificial  knife  is  uplifted ;  it  trembles  in  the  hand  of  Famine. 
May  (rod  save  my  people,  and  avert  the  stroke  in  this  their  day  of  trial !" 

Upon  the  conclusion  of  Colonel  Taylor's  appeal,  a  series  of  resolutions 
was  offered  and  adopted,  the  following  being  the  pith  of  the  whole :  "  That 
we  call  upon  our  legislature  to  make  a  liberal  grant  in  aid  of  the  loyal 
population  of  East  Tennessee,  and  that  it  will  be  a  matter  of  just  pride  that 
the  name  of  our  old  commonwealth  shall  head  the  national  subscription,  which 
will  carry  hope  and  life  to  those  noble  men  and  women."  The  officers  of 
the  meeting  were  then  made  a  committee  to  present  the  subject  of  the  resolu- 
tions to  the  legislature. 

The  report  of  the  proceedings  of  this  meeting  appeared  in  the  Boston 
papers  of  the  llth  of  February.  No  allusion  had  been  made  to  the  subject 
of  private  subscriptions,  the  object  of  the  assemblage  having  been  exclusively 
to  create  a  public  sentiment  in  favor  of  a  legislative  appropriation.  Mr.  Everett 
nevertheless  received,  on  the  same  day,  the  following  letter,  written  apparently 
in  a  female  hand,  and  enclosing  three  dollars : 

"BOSTON,  February  llth,  1864. 

"DEAR  SIR: — Enclosed  is  a  mite  which  I  wish  forwarded  with  the  thou- 
sands and  tens  of  thousands  of  dollars  that  I  hope  will  be  sent  forward  from 
this  goodly  city  of  Boston,  to  alleviate  the  unparalleled  sufferings  of  our 
dearly  beloved  countrymen  in  East  Tennessee. 

"  Such  earnest,  eloquent  pleading  as  comes  to  us  from  our  old  cradle  of 
liberty,  can  not  be  unheeded  by  any  patriot  or  lover  of  his  race. 

"  TEACHER  OF  A  PUBLIC  SCHOOL. 
"MR.  EVERETT." 


AID  TO   EAST  TENNESSEE. 


391 


Mr.  Everett  publicly  acknowledged  the  receipt  of  this  letter  and  its  inclosure 
the  next  day,  adding :  "  Small  as  the  sum  is,  I  doubt  not  it  is  large  for  the 
means  of  the  giver,  and  it  will  sustain  the  life  of  one  of  our  starving  brethren 
in  East  Tennessee  for  a  fortnight.  If  a  small  portion  of  our  community  only 
would,  according  to  their  ability,  imitate  this  example,  that  desolated  region 
might  again  become  the  happy  valley  of  the  South." 

Contributions  now  began  to  flow  in ;  but  it  was  evident  that  people  were 
holding  off,  and  awaiting  the  action  of  the  legislature.  "  We  are  moving  very 
slowly,"  wrote  Mr.  W.  H.  Gardiner  to  Mr.  Everett  "  Private  citizens  seem  to 
be  waiting  for  some  action  of  the  legislature ;  the  legislature  seems  to  be 
waiting  to  know  how  the  people  would  like  to  see  their  money  given  away ; 
but  while  we  ponder,  Tennessee  starves."  This  letter  contained  a  check  for 
$200.  The  tide  of  sympathy,  as  evidenced  by  acts,  now  rose  higher  and 


EAST  TENNESSEE   REFUGEES. 


higher,  though  the  probability  of  state  aid  being  afforded  was  increased  by  the 
presentation  of  a  memorial  to  the  two  houses,  affirming  the  constitutionality 
of  such  a  grant,  signed  by  Judge  Curtis  and  others.  Mrs.  Pratt,  in  her  ninety- 
seventh  year,  sent  $250 ;  Dr.  Jackson,  $50  ;  Mr.  William  Gray,  $500,  with 
the  promise  of  as  much  more,  if  state  aid  were  withheld. 

On  the  25th,  the  Speaker  of  the  House,  Mr.  Bullock,  apprised  Mr.  Everett 
that  the  legislature,  acting  under  grave  doubts  as  to  the  legality  of  making 
an  appropriation,  had  voted,  though  reluctantly,  against  it.  He  broke  the 


392  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

unwelcome  news,  however,  by  interposing  his  check.  This  gave  a  new  impulse 
to  individual  beneficence,  and,  on  February  29th,  more  than  $4,000  were 
received.  An  appeal  to  the  people  of  Massachusetts  was  issued  on  the  2d 
of  March,  up  to  which  date  nearly  $20,000  had  been  spontaneously  contrib- 
uted. Half  of  this  sum  was  sent  to  Mr.  Lloyd  P.  Smith,  of  Philadelphia, 
who  was  just  starting  for  Knoxville  with  the  proceeds  of  the  Pennsylvania 
subscription  in  the  same  behalf.* 

In  one  day,  the  3d  of  March,  $6,350  were  added  to  the  Massachusetts  fund. 
On  the  8th,  $1,000  were  received  from  the  Forty-fourth  regiment,  the  officers 
and  men  having  diverted  that  sum  from  the  regimental  fund.  $52,000  had 
been  received  in  the  thirty  days  following  the  meeting  in  Faneuil  Hall. 

The  Ladies'  Sewing  Circle  having  intimated  through  their  president,  Mrs. 
George  Ticknor,  that  they  would  gladly  make  up  any  material  furnished 
them  for  that  purpose,  the  sum  of  $2,000  was  placed  at  their  disposal.  Two 
thousand  nine  hundred  and  twenty-one  articles  of  clothing  were  forwarded 
from  the  rooms  of  the  association.  $60,000  were  now  paid  upon  the  drafts 
of  gentlemen  accredited  from  the  Relief  Society  of  Knoxville,  and  the  whole 
fund  was  finally  disposed  of  in  this  way. 

In  the  mean  time,  the  fund  increased.  From  entertainments  at  Chickering's 
Hall,  from  concerts,  dramatic  performances,  and  exhibitions  of  tableaux,  from 
children's  fairs,  from  church  collections,  as  well  as  from  individual  subscrip- 
tions, came  large  and  small  tributary  streams,  till,  by  the  end  of  April,  the 
accumulated  collections  amounted  to  $91,000.  "  One  hundred  thousand," 
says  Mr.  Everett,  "  the  amount  of  the  appropriation  proposed  in  the  legisla- 
ture, had  been  assigned  by  public  opinion  as  the  sum  which  we  should  en- 
deavor to  raise  by  private  subscription ;  and,  on  the  4th  of  June,  that  amount 
was  reached.  The  foundation  was  laid  in  the  teacher's  donation  of  three  dol- 
lars, on  the  llth  of  February.  The  headstone  was  carried  up  by  $1,000 
received  from  a  children's  fair  at  the  house  of  Dr.  T.  I.  Talbot,  on  the  4th  of 
June."  The  last  donation  was  made  on  the  26th  of  October,  being  the 

*  The  officers  of  the  Pennsylvania  Relief  Association  for  East  Tennessee  were  as  follows  : 

President, 

Ex-Gov.  JAMES  POLLOCK. 

Secret  <i  ry,  Treasurer, 

JOSEPH  T.  THOMAS.  CALEB  COPE. 

Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Collections,  and  for  tlie  Forwarding  of  Supplies, 
J.  B.  LIPPINCOTT. 

Chairman  of  Executive  Committee, 
LLOYD  P.  SMITH. 

The  collections  of  tliis  association  were  nearly  §30,000. 


EAST  TENNESSEE   RELIEF  FUND.  393 

proceeds  of  a  fair  in  Pinckney  Street,  Boston;  bringing  the  total  up  to 
$102,180.08.  Some  $5,000  worth  of  ready-made  clothing  was  also  con- 
tributed. 

In  commenting  upon  "  this  most  remarkable  .and  suggestive  fact  devel- 
oped by  the  war,"  the  Knoxville  Whig,  of  June  25th,  said  :  "  Between  Ten- 
nessee and  Massachusetts  there  has  never  been  any  identity  of  habit  or 
thought,  and  no  close  commercial  or  personal  ties,  which  sometimes  bind 
together  the  citizens  of  neighboring  states.  Indeed,  we  have  been  taught  for 
many  years,  though  we  did  not  all  believe,  that  the  people  of  the  North  were 
narrow-minded,  selfish,  cold,  and  avaricious.  But  no  sooner  do  they  hear  the 
tale  of  destitution  of  a  people  fifteen  hundred  miles  away,  than,  with  the 
instincts  of  a  common  humanity,  a  common  religion,  a  common  patriotism, 

they  outstrip  all  others  in  the  most  generous  race  of  charity We  say, 

from  the  bottom  of  our  heart,  all  honor  to  glorious  old  Massachusetts  !  The 

people  of  that  state  are  indeed  our  neighbors  and  our  brethren And 

so  of  nearly  every  state.  Let  us  hold  them  in  everlasting  remembrance,  and 
prove  ourselves  worthy  of  their  benefactions." 

The  following  list  of  the  subscriptions  to  the  East  Tennessee  fund  is  given 
very  nearly  as  it  appeared  in  Mr.  Everett's  report,  except  that,  to  save  space, 
the  sums  bestowed  anonymously  are  aggregated  in  one  item,  at  the  close.  The 
titles,  mottoes,  and  pregnant,  pithy  little  expressions,  which  concealed  the 
names  of  the  anonymous  givers,  were  curious  and  interesting  :  "A  physician, 
who  promises  the  same  for  every  Saturday  for  five  weeks,  $10  " — a  promise 
which  the  physician  kept ;  "  a  dictate  of  conscience  for  the  suffering  loyalists ;" 
"  a  slice  from  our  Daily  Bread  ;"  "  a  little  more  help ;"  "  Acts  xi.,  26th  and 
27th  verses ;"  "  from  one  who  keeps  his  money  as  long  as  his  conscience  will 
let  him,"  &c.,  &c. 

LIST  OF  CONTRIBUTIONS  TO  THE  BOSTON  FUND  FOR  THE  RELIEF  OF  THE 
LOYAL  AND  SUFFERING  EAST  TENNESSEANS. 

Teacher  of  a  Public  School $3  00         W.  H.  Gardiner $200  00 

F.  H.  Peabody 100  00        Elisha  T.  Loring 100  00 

Lt.-Col.  Peabody 50  00  General   James  Dana,   Charles- 
Mrs.  Sylvester  Baker,  Jr.,  Yar-                                town 50  00 

mouth  Port 5  00        Mrs.  E.  Wigglesworth 100  00 

James  Gordon  Clarke 50  00         Octavius  Pickering 60  00 

Mrs.  S.  Hooper 100  00        Dr.  James  Jackson 50  00 

Mrs.  John  Mackay 100  00  Children's  Fair  in  Mt.  Vernon 

Charles  P.  Curtis 5000            Street 10000 

Augustus  Lowell 10000        John  Gardner 5000 

E.  A.  Raymond 30  00         William  Everett 20  00 


394 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


W.  F.  Weld. $100  00 

Dr.  John  Homans 100  00 

Mrs.  William  Pratt 250  00 

Mrs.  G.  II.  Shaw 250  00 

Sprague,  Soule  &  Co 500  00 

Edmund  Munroe 50  00 

Ladies  of  Needham  Plain 52  00 

Lydia  S.  Gale 200  00 

J.  C.  Hoadley,  New  Bedford ...  48  00 

Mrs.  Henry  Grew 200  00 

Nathaniel  Francis 200  00 

Ignatius  Sargent,  Machias,  Me., 
the  contribution  of  loyal  citi- 
zens    100  00 

Abbott  Lawrence 200  00 

James  'Parker 100  00 

Henry  W.  Pickering 50  00 

Miss  Charlotte  Harris 100  00 

Miss  Ira  E.  Loring 30000 

Miss  F.  L.  Gray 25  00 

Miss  A.  G.  Gray 20  00 

William  Gray 1,000  00 

George  Howe 200  00 

•  Mrs.  G.  Lee 100  00 

James  Sturgis 50  00 

P.  C.  Brooks 200  00 

Thomas  J.  Lee 50  00 

Masters  Reginald  and  Sam.  S. 

Gray  10  00 

Wm.  T.  Andrews 100  00 

Dr.  Charles  Mifflin 50  00 

Miss  Louisa  M.  Goddard 50  00 

Hon.  A.  II.  Bullock 100  00 

William  S.  Rogers 50  00 

Mrs.  Abby  L.  Wales 100  00 

Miss  Wales 500  00 

W.  W.  Clapp,  Jr 25  00 

Hon.  George  B.  Upton 200  00 

George  W.  Wales 200  00 

Rev.  Dr.  Burroughs 50  00 

Mrs.  Dr.  Hayward,  Pemberton 

Square 100  00 

Hon.  Dwight  Foster 50  00 

Master  Willie  R.  Richards 10  00 

Charles  Deane 100  00 

Sam.  Boyd,  Marlboro' 100  00 

Joseph  Whitney  &  Co 100  00 

Jonathan  Ellis  &  Co 100  00 

Mrs.  B.  D.  Greene 200  00 

George  Livermore,  Cambridge  .  100  00 

Sterne  Morse  . ,  100  00 


Rev.  Dr.  N.  L.  Frothingham . . .  $50  00 

Turner  Sargent 200  00 

Richard  Leeds 50  00 

Johnson  &  Thompson 100  00 

J.  C.  Tyler  &  Co.    100  00 

C.  D.  Head  &  T.  II.  Perkins  ...  100  00 

Dr.  John  Ware 50  00 

John  Wooldredge 100  00 

Boston    Stock     and     Exchange 

Board,  by  unanimous  vote. . .  1,000  00 

Charles  E.  Guild 25  00 

Hon.  Jacob  Sleeper 100  00 

H.  &  L.  Chase 50  00 

Matthew   Howland,  New   Bed- 
ford    50  00 

Samuel  Johnson 200  00 

Mrs.  Thomas  G.  Gary 100  00 

B.  C.  Ward 100  00 

John  J.  Low,  West  Roxbury.  . .  25  00 

Rev.  Wm.  Mountford 50  00 

James  M.  Beebe 200  00 

Joseph  B.  Glover 100  00 

Robert  Waterston 100  00 

J.  Huntington  Wolcott 200  00 

Mrs.  Wolcott 100  00 

J.  Randolph  Coolidge 50  00 

Hon.  Stephen  Fairbanks  100  00 

Hon.  C.  G.  Loring 100  00 

The  Misses  Lowell,  Roxbury ...  200  00 

Mrs.  Mary  B.  Parkman 25  00 

Miss  Eliza  S.  Quincy 50  00 

C.  H.  Gay 25  00 

Martin  L.  Bradford 50  00 

R.  C.  Mackay 150  00 

W.  Mackay 50  00 

James  Ilunnewell,  Charlestown  100  00 

Rebecca  P.  Allyn,  Cambridge . .  20  00 

Carruth  &  Sweetser 100  00 

Col.  Charles  R.  Codman 50  00 

Jacob  Stone,  Newburyport  ....  20  00 

Col.  Theodore  Lyman 100  00 

A.  S.  Stimpson 25  00 

Clara  and  Lucy  Rogers,  twin  sis- 
ters    30  00 

Martin  Brimmer 250  00 

Master  Edward  Gray 8  00 

Mrs.  Eliza  Babcock 20  00 

Mrs.  Henry  W.  Pickering 50  00 

Harry  Pickering 10  00 

Thos.  Wigglesworth 200  00 

Miss  Mary  Wigglesworth 100  00 


EAST  TENNESSEE   RELIEF  FUND. 


395 


Hon.  Charles  Allen $25  00 

Dr.  R.  W.  Hooper 100  00 

Mrs.  E.  Hooper 100  00 

Miss  E.  Hooper 50  00 

Miss  M.  I.  Hooper 50  00 

Miss  Ellen  S.  Hooper 50  00 

Marian  Hooper 50  00 

J.  H.  Eastburn 100  00 

Solomon  Piper 100  00 

Jacob  A.  Dresser 50  00 

John  Collamore 50  00 

J.  Wiley  Edmands 500  00 

Mrs.  E.  R.  Mudge 50  00 

From  the  Second  Church  in  Dor- 
chester, of  which  from  Mrs. 
Walter  Baker  $100,  and  from 

the  Misses  Oliver  $50* 325  00 

Mason  G.  Parker 25  00 

George  H.  Tilton 25  00 

William  W.  Tucker 100  00 

Field,  Converse  &  Allen 100  00 

Miss  Elizabeth  S.  Bangs 30  00 

J.  Eliot  Cabot 50  00 

Dresser,  Stevens  &  Co 50  00 

J.  E.  Thayer  &  Brother 300  00 

W.  B.  Spooner 200  00 

G.  B.  Cary , 50  00 

Sidney  Bartlett 100  00 

J.  Appleton  Burnham 100  00 

Charles  Hook  Appleton 100  00 

Charles  Amory 100  00 

Patrick  Donahoe 100  00 

Rev.  C.  T.  Thayer 50  00 

Rice,  Kendall  &  Co 100  0.0 

J.  C.  Howe  &  Co 1,000  00 

Jos.  S.  Fay 100  00 

H.  P.  Sturgis 100  00 

Henry  Lee 100  00 

Henry  Lee,  Jr 50  00 

Mrs.  Henry  Lee,  Jr 50  00 

W.  H.  Guild. .  50  00 


E.  R.  Mudge,  Sawyer  &  Co $500  00 

Col.  Samuel  Swett 40  00 

Benjamin  S.  Rotch 100  00 

Mrs.  C.  G.  Loring 200  00 

Hon.  J.  C.  Podge,  Cambridge . .  50  00 

Henry  TJpham 100  00 

William  Parsons  100  00 

Rev.  Henry  W.  Foote 30  00 

Josiah  Quincy,  Jr 100  00 

Prof.  F.  J.  Child,  Cambridge ...  25  00 

W.  S.  Bullard 250  00 

Hon.  Artemas  Hale,  Bridgewater  20  00 

Charles  Brewer  &  Co 100  00 

Alexander  Moseley 100  00 

Daniel  Hammond 50  00 

Alfred  Winsor  &  Son 100  00 

G.  W.  Bond 100  00 

Dr.  Charles  E.  Ware 50  00 

James  O.  Safford 100  00 

Dr.  Jacob  Bigelow 150  00 

William  O.  Grover 100  00 

William  S.  Whitwell 50  00 

William  Duraut 100  00 

Mrs.  J.  Augustus  Peabody 50  00 

Mrs.  C.  William  Loring 50  00 

Thomas  G.  Appleton 100  00 

Miss  Ellen  M.  Ward 100  00 

Miss  Julia  E.  Ward 100  00 

Harrison  P.  Page,  Watertown..  100  00 

Dr.  Charles  Beck,  Cambridge..  100  00 

Mrs.  Anna  S.  Muring 25  00 

T.  W.  Wellington,  \Vorcester. . .  50  00 

Mrs.  M.  Lowell  Putnam 100  00 

Mrs.  S.  A.  Wright 2000 

Seth  Bemis,  Newton 50  00 

Edward  Cruft. 50  00 

Mrs.  S.  Cabot,  Brookline 100  00 

Mrs.  E.  W.  Forbush 20  00 

Dr.  O.  W.  Holmes 100  00 

Dr.  H.  Richardson 25  00 

Miss  E.  Richardson .  .  25  00 


*  The  donation  from  the  Second  Church  in  Dorchester  was  accompanied  by  the  following  note : 

"DORCHESTER,  2Qth  Feb.,  1864. 

"  DEAR  SIR  : — I  have  the  pleasure  of  transmitting  to  you  $325,  a  contribution  for  the  Patriots  of 
East  Tennessee  from  friends  in  the  Second  Church,  Dorchester.  We  observe  a  fourth  Sabbath  eveuing 
of  each  month  as  a  time  for  prayer  for  our  country,  and  last  evening  thought  it  fitting  to  act  as  well  as 
pray. 

"  With  much  respect,  1  am, 

"  Dear  sir,  truly  yours, 

[Signed]     "JAMES  A.  MEANS, 


396 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


Wm.  B.  Bradford $50  00 

Faulkner,  Kimball  &  Co 500  00 

Wellington  Brothers,  East  Cam- 
bridge    50  00 

Elisha  Atkins 100  00 

Master  Edwin  F.  Atkins 10  00 

James  L.  Little 250  00 

William  Munroe 200  00 

Dr.  Edward  Reynolds 50  00 

Miss  Mason 50  00 

Miss  S.  L.  Mason 25  00 

Hon.  P.  Sprague 30  00 

Samuel  A.  Way 100  00 

J.  S.  Barstow 100  00 

George  M.  Soule 100  00 

C.  A.  Cummings 25  00 

C.  F.  Hovey  &  Co 500  00 

Wm.  P.  Mason 200  00 

Mrs.  Daniel  Denny 100  00 

Dr.  W.  R.  Lawrence 100  00 

J.  H.  Billings 50  00 

Amherst,  by  the  hands  of  Col. 

W.  S.  Clark 250  00 

Benjamin  R.  Gilbert 50  00 

Alexander  Beal,  Dorchester. ...  25  00 

B.  D.  Emerson,  Jamaica  Plain. .  100  00 

Ezra  Abbott,  Cambridge 20  00 

John  Bertram,  Salem 200  00 

Hon.  R.  H.  Dana,  Jr 30  00 

Geo.  W.  Wheelwright 50  00 

Miss  C.  II.  Wild 25  00 

Weld  Farm,  West  Roxbury 80  00 

Edward  Atkinson 50  00 

D.  W.  Salisbury 100  00 

Burr  Brothers  &  Co 200  00 

Henry  L.  Pierce,  Dorchester...  100  00 

Francis  Cabot 25  00 

Arthur  Searle 20  00 

Messrs.  Claflin,  Saville  &  Co 100  00 

Eaton,  Cumings  &  Co 100  00 

Francis  Williams,  Quincy 100  00 

Henry  Williams 25  00 

Elbridge  Torrey 10  00 

Mrs.  James  Lawrence 200  00 

Professor  Asa  Gray,  Cambridge.  20  00 

L.  Grozelier 10  00 

C.  W.  Clark 25  00 

Mrs.  N.  I.  Bowditch 500  00 

J.  Ingersoll  Bowditch . . : 200  00 

Mrs.  J.  I.  Bowditch 100  00 

Wm.  Claflin..  200  00 


Hon.  Seth  Ames $50  00 

S.  C.  Thwing 100  00 

Rev.  Dr.  Ellis   and  Mrs.  Ellis, 

Charlestown 110  00 

Mrs.  H.  B.  Rogers 100  00 

William  Read  &  Son 100  00 

D.  P.  Ives 100  00 

J.  E.  Piper 5  00 

Rev.  Dr.  C.  A.  Bartol 100  00 

Leverett  Saltonstall 100  00 

Ariel  Low  &  Co 100  00 

II.  H.  Hunnewell 300  00 

Wm.  Gray,  Jr 250  00 

Mrs.  S.  P.  Miles,  Brattleboro'. . .  50  00 

Samuel  Frothingham 150  00 

Samuel  Frothingham,  Jr 50  00 

Dr.  Henry  Bartlett,  Roxbury. . .  50  00 

S.  G.  Snelling 50  00 

Lindsley,  Shaw  &  Co 100  00 

Henry  Wainwright 100  00 

Howland,  Hinckley  &  Co 50  00 

J.  G.  Kidder 100  00 

John  A.  Blanchard 100  00 

Naylor&Co 30000 

Sewall,  Day  &  Co 100  00 

J.  Field 200  00 

Chas.  H.  Coffin,  Newburyport. .  100  00 

Charles  B.  Poor 25  00 

J.  W.  Paige 100  00 

J.  F.  B.  Marshall 50  00 

Miss  Harriet  S.  Hay  ward 100  00 

Lemuel  Shaw 50  00 

A.  B.  Almon,  Salem 30  00 

George  H.  Gray  and  Danforth. .  200  00 

Hon.  Albert  Fearing 100  00 

Hon.  Rob't  C.  Winthrop 50  00 

George  D.  Wells 50  00 

Oliver  Ditson 100  00 

E.  3.  Phillips 25  00 

Mrs.|R.  G.  Shaw 200  00 

Miss 'Louisa  Shaw 25  00 

Jona:  French,  Roxbury 100  00 

Mrs.  James  Sturgis 50  00 

John  G.  Tappan 100  00 

Charles  F.  Bradford,  Roxbury.  50  00 

Charles  K.  Cobb 150  00 

George  J.  Fiske 100  00 

Homer  Bartlett 50  00 

James  W.  Sever 50  00 

Hon.  Edward  Brooks 200  00 

Francis  Brooks.  .  100  00 


EAST  TENNESSEE  RELIEF  FUND. 


397 


Jos.  E.  Worcester,  Cambridge. .  $100  00 

George  Gardner "      300  00 

Charles  Heath 50  00 

Mrs.  Charles  Heath 50  00 

Miss  E.  Parsons 50  00 

S.  Willard  &  Son 10000 

Larkin,  Stackpole  &  Co 100  00 

Edward  S.  Philbrick 100  00 

Fishers  &  Chapin 100  00 

Samuel  May 200  00 

John  J.  May 100  00 

Nath'l  Winsor  &  Co 100  00 

William  S.  Eaton 50  00 

Thomas  Groom 50  00 

Maguire  &  Campbell.    50  00 

L.  A.  Shattuck 5000 

Reuben  A.  Richards 50  00 

Franklin  King 50  00 

Francis  Bacon 100  00 

William  Ropes 100  00 

Isaac  Thacher 100  00 

Elizabeth  J.  Stone 10  00 

David  M.  Hodgdon 50  00 

D.  A.  Dwight  &  Co 100  00 

William  Perkins 100  00 

Robert  S.  Perkins 50  00 

J.  W.  P.  Abbott,  Westtbrd 25  00 

William  Raymond 10  00 

Otis  Daniel 200  00 

F.  Snow  &  Co 100  00 

Edward  O.  Banvard,  Calais,  Me.  50  00 

The  Misses  Snow,  Roxbury   ...  200  00 

Chief  Justice  Bigelow 50  00 

Sidney  Homer 100  00 

Hon.  George  Morey 50  00 

Mrs.  Sarah  Johnson 50  00 

R.  E.  Robbins 250  00 

Dane,  Dana  &  Co 100  00 

Little,  Brown  &  Co 200  00 

Capt.  Arthur  H.  Clark 20  00 

Benjamin  C.  Clark 20  00 

Miss  Donnison,  Cambridge 50  00 

Hon.  James  Savage 200  00* 

Prof.  W.  B.  Rogers 25  00 

William  Sprague 100  00 

Thos.  G.  Bradford 25  00 

Mr.   and  Mrs.   Joseph  S.  Beal, 

Kingston 50  00 

George  Draper,  Hopedale,  Mass.  50  00 
Jona.  B.  Bright  and  others,  Wal- 

tham. .  100  00 


Rev.  Dr.  Geo.  Putnam,  Roxbury.  $100  00 

Mrs.  David  Sears 100  00 

Dr.  Wm.  W.  Morland 20  00 

Chandler  &  Co 100  00 

J.  A.  &.  W4  Bird  &  Co 50  00 

Seth  Turner,  Randolph 50  00 

Walter  Channing,  M.  D 100  00 

Samuel  B.  Pierce 50  00 

Benj.  Thaxter 5000 

W.  S.  Appleton 100  00 

Daniel  X.  Spooner 100  00 

George  F.  Parkman 200  00 

William  Beals 100  00 

Francis  B.  Hayes 100  00 

N.  B.  Gibbs 100  00 

Henry  B.  Rogers 500  00 

John  A.  Dodd  &  Co 100  00 

J.  W.  Wheelwright 50  00 

E.  A.  Boardman 30  00 

Dr.  G.  C.  Shattuck 100  00 

C.C.Gilbert 5000 

David  W.  Williams,  Roxbnry. . .  100  00 

Charles  Emery 20  00 

Geo.  C.  Lord,  Newton 100  00 

Charles  H.  Lord,      "     100  00 

Edward  W.  Lord,     "     28  00 

H.  Williams,              "     10  00 

Nash,  Spaulding  &  Co 300  00 

Hon.  Emory  Washburn 50  00 

James  Hayward 100  00 

S.  W.  Rodman 50  00 

John  Cormerais 25  00 

Dr.  John  Dean 20  00 

J.  J.  Dixwell 50  00 

Mrs.  Anna  Parker 50  00 

Grant,  Warren  &  Co 300  00 

George  R.  Russell 200  00 

Mrs.  F.  C.  Paine. 25  00 

Gardner,  Dexter  &  Co 100  00 

James  Read 100  00 

Mrs.  James  Read 100  00 

Augustine  Heard 100  00 

Charles  W.  Parker 100  00 

Joshua  Stetson 100  00 

Hon.  S.  Williston,  E.  Hampton.  100  00 

E.  F.  Waters 25  00 

The  Misses  Newman 200  00 

C.  C.  Perkins,  Italy 100  00 

Curtis  &  Co. . . .' 100  00 

Lizzie  Leland 20  00 

EdwardMotley 5000 


398 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


D.  B.  Flint : .  $50  00 

Charles  L.  Young 50  00 

Waldo  Maynard 50  00 

Francis  Bassett 100  00 

Mrs.  W.  C.  Codman 50  00 

Thomas  Worcester 100  00 

Dr.  Le  Baron  Russell 50  00 

A.  A.  Lawrence,  Jr.,  Brookline.  50  00 

T.  Lee 100  00 

John  H.  Thorndike 50  00 

Mrs.  E.  Miller  and  Chas.  E.  Mil- 
ler, Quincy 100  00 

Mrs.  J.  G.  Howard,  South  Brain- 
tree  10  00 

Samuel  Gilbert,  Boston 50  00 

Samuel  Gilbert,  Jr.,  Dorchester.  50  00 

George  W.  Harding,         "       . .  100  00 

W.  C.  Harding,  Roxbury 100  00 

Officers  and  men  of  the  Forty- 
fourth  Regiment  of  Massachu- 
setts Volunteers 1,000  00 

Dana,  Farrar  &  Hyde 200  00 

Foster  &  Taylor 200  00 

Otis  Norcross 100  00 

His  Honor  F.  W.  Lincoln,  Jr., 

Mayor 50  00 

Hon.  J.  Z.  Goodrich 500  00 

Bigelow  Brothers  &  Kennard...  100  00 

Mrs.  N.  II.  Einmons 100  00 

Edward  D.  Peters  &  Co 300  00 

Samuel  Atherton 50  00 

Ehen  C.  Stanwood  &  Co. .' 100  00 

Brewster,  Sweet  &  Co 100  00 

William  Brigham 50  00 

Robert  B.  Storer 50  00 

W.  P.  Pierce 200  00 

P.  Anderson,  Lowell 25  00 

Jas.  W.  Walworth 100  00 

Isaac  Livermore 50  00 

0.  H.  Sampson 25  00 

William  A.  Bangs 25  00 

J.  Dixwell  Thompson 25  00 

Jordan,  Marsh  &  Co 500  00 

"            "          clerks  ....  82  00 

Wilson,  Hamilton  &  Co 250  00 

J.  C.  Burrage  &  Co 250  00 

Hogg,  Brown  &  Taylor 250  00 

Parker,  Wilder  &  Co 240  00 

Denny,  Rice  &  Co 300  00 

Washburn,  Welch  &  Co 200  00 

Haughton,  Sawyer  &  Co 200  00 


Almy,  Patterson  &  Co 

Pierce  Brothers  &  Co 

King,  Goodridge  &  Co 

Sweetser,  Swan  &  Blodgett 

Burrage  Brothers  &  Co 

George  S.  Winslow  &  Co 

Wilkinson,  Lamb  &  Co 

J.  C.  Converse  &  Co 

Anderson,  Heath  &  Co 

Hill,  Danforth  &  Co 

Ordway,  Tebbetts  &  Co 

"  u  clerks. . 

John  C.  Morse  &  Co 

Allen,  Lane  &  Co 

Mrs.  Isaac  Fenno 

Thayer,  Badger  &  Plimpton .... 

Stone,  Wood  &  Co 

Woodman,  Horswell  &  Co 

C.  Curry 

H.  E.  Wright  &  Co 

F.  A.  Hawley&  Co 

Bliss,  Whiting,  Pierce  &  McKen- 
na 

Whitney,  Grain  &  Marr 

Gross,  Daniels  &  Co 

Whitten,  Burdett  &  Young 

Washburn,  Foque  &  Co 

Sargent  Brothers  &  Co 

Lewis  Coleman  &  Co 

Geo.  W.  Simmons  &  Co 

F.  F.  Wheelock  &  Co 

K  H.Clark 

George  Alden 

Thomas  B.Wales 

Levi  Bartlett  &  Co 

Hon.  Stephen  Salisbury,  Worces- 
ter   

George  C.  Richardson 

J.  P.  Thorndike 

Edw'd  N.  Perkins,  Jamaica  Plain 

Edward  S.  Tobey 

Ex-Governor  Lincoln 

Gardner  Brewer  &  Co 

Geo.  P.  Hay  ward  &  Co 

William  Dall 

Miss  Henrietta  Sargent 

Israel  Whitney 

Nathan  Matthews 

Proceeds  of  Mr.  Siddons's  read- 


ing. 


Rev.  Geo.  M.  Rice,  Westford . . . 


$200  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

100  00 

31  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

50  00 

25  00 

25  00 

25  00 

25  00 

25  00 

25  00 

25  00 

20  00 

20  00 

5  00 

100  00 

100  00 

300  00 
200  00 
100  00 

50  00 
200  00 
100  00 
200  00 

25  00 
100  00 

20  00 

25  00 
100  00 

100  00 
5  00 


EAST  TENNESSEE  BELIEF  FUND. 


399 


Citizens  of  Hallowell,  Me.,  per 

Justin  E.  Smith $203  00 

John  H.  Sturgis 5000 

J.  P.  Preston 100  00 

•William  F.  Matchett 25  00 

Soldiers'  Aid  Society,  Winthrop, 

by  the  hand  of  Mrs.  J.  C.  Hall, 

Treasurer 50  00 

Samuel  G.  Ward 100  00 

Mrs.  T.  W.  Ward 100  00 

Benj.  Abbott 25  00 

Mrs.  Nathan  Appleton 100  00 

Hon.  Pvichard  Fletcher 100  00 

Mrs.  Judge  Putnam* 30  00 

J.  M.  Forbes 250  00 

Hon.  Jas.  Arnold,  New  Bedford .  500  00 

E.  S.  Dixwell 20  00 

Hon.  David  Sears 150  00 

Samuel  B.  King,  Tuunton 100  00 

Theodore  Dean,               " 100  00 

Edmund  Baylies,             " 100  00 

Mrs.  Geo.  A.  Crocker,    "   50  00 

Timothy  Gordon,             " 50  00 

Francis  B.  Dean,              " 50  00 

Joseph  Dean,                   "   50  00 

Artemas  Briggs,              "  50  00 

Sylvanus  N.  Staples,       "   50  00 

Allen  Presbrey,                "   25  00 

Charles  R.  Atwood,         "   25  00 

Charles  Robinson,           "   25  00 

Enoch  Robinson,             " 25  00 

William  Brewster,           "     25  00 

Le  Baron  B.  Church,       "   25  00 

Jesse  Hartshorn,              " 20  00 

A.  King  Williams,           "   20  00 

James  Henry  Sproat,      "   20  00 

Nathan  A.  Skinner,         " 20  00 

Charles  H.  Brigham,       " 20  00 

Other  subscribers  in  Taunton.  .  120  00 

Chas.  Hickling,  Roxbury   50  00 

Hartley,  Lord  &  Co 100  00 

George  T.  Rice,  Worcester 100  00 

F.  Xickerson  &  Co 100  00 

Rev.  Dr.  S.  K.  Lothrop 10  00 

Citizens  of  Amherst,  N.  II 282  00 

James  C.  Ward,  Northampton. .  25  00 

P.  Holmes,  Kingston 100  00 

Wm.  S.  Adams,    "     100  00 


Sabin  &  Page $30  00 

Mrs.  J.  Gardner 50  00 

Wm.  Knowlton,  Upton 100  00 

Franklin  Haven 100  00 

Proprietors^  of  the  "  Christian 

Examiner  " 20  00 

George  Allen 50  00 

Mrs.  Abbott 25  00 

Peter  Smith,  Andover,  Mass  ...  100  00 

Edwin  Upton 50  00 

Francis  Draper,  Cambridge ....  50  00 

Alpheus  Hardy  &  Co 100  00 

Webster  &  Co 100  00 

Sampson  Reed 50  00 

Reed,  Cutler  &  Co 100  00 

E.  B.  Welch 50  00 

Centre  Church  in  Haverhill 286  00 

Edward  Warren,  M.  D.,  Newton 

Lower  Falls 45  00 

Currier  &  Greeley 100  00 

Mrs.  J.  M.  Codman,  Brookline . .  50  00 

Mrs.  Nancy  White 50  00 

George  Hews 25  00 

C.  Ellis,  M.  D 5000 

E.  H.  Eldredge 100  00 

Rolfe  Eldredge 50  00 

The  venerable  President  Quincy.  100  00 

Wm.  M.  Byrnes 20  00 

G.  Rogers 20  00 

Isaac  F.  Dobson 100  00 

Francis  Peabody 100  00 

W.  Amory 10000 

J.  P.  Gardner 50  00 

J.  D.  Bates 50  00 

G.  M.  Barnard 100  00 

T.  Quincy  Browne 50  00 

lasigi,  Goddard  &  Co 300  00 

Miss  M.  G.  Loring ,  50  00 

Waldo  Flint 50  00 

Mrs.  Tyler  Bigelow,  Watertowu.  100  00 

Mrs.  Theodore  Chase  50  00 

Mary  Leary,  Halifax,  N.  S.,  now 

of  West  Newton 200 

Dabney  &  Cunningham 50  00 

G.  Race 10  00 

Unitarian  Society  at  Watertown.  415  60 

P.  A.  Gay 50  00 

Jona.  Ilowland,  New  Bedford .  .  50  00 


*  This  venerable  lady  contributed  by  her  needle-work  over  a  hundred  dollars  to  the  Fair  for  the  Sani- 
tarv  Commission. 


400 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Pupils  of  Mr.  T.  Prentiss  Allen's 

School,  New  Bedford  * $67  00 

The  master  of  the  school 8  00 

Captain  Latham  Croos 5000 

W.  E.  Austin,  Dorchester 25  00 

Congregational  Ch.  in  Shrews- 
bury   53  50 

N.  G.  Manson 50  00 

First  Evangelical  Congregational 

Church,  Cambridgeport 246  92 

Mrs.  Deborah  Powers,  Lansing- 
burg,  K  Y 500  00 


Joseph  Willard $25  00 

Eev.  S.  M.  Worcester,  Salem ...  10  00 

Sophy  Hayes 20  00 

Hon.  John  H.  Clifford,  New  Bed- 
ford   100  00 

Edward  Page 50  00 

W.  C.  Cabot 25  00 

Mrs.  Gam'l  Bradford 50  00 

Samuel  May,  Jr.,  Leicester. ...  10  00 

William  B.  Howes,  Salem 100  00 

Amos  Cummings 50  00 

Claire  A.  L.  Eice,  Danvers  Centre  5  00 


EAST   TEXXESSEE. 


*  The  subscription  paper  at  Mr.  Allen's  school  had  the  following  caption : 

"  The  loyal  boys  of  Massachusetts  to  the  loyal  boys  of  Tennessee  send  greeting :  Having  heard 
through  Colonel  Taylor  of  the  hardships  and  the  privations  that  you  have  endured,  while  your  fathers 
and  our  fathers  have  been  struggling  side  by  side,  for  the  support  of  the  Union  cause  and  iu  defence 
of  liberty,  and  feeling  that,  although  remotely  situated,  we  are  brothers,  and  have  a  united  interest  in 
the  prosperity  of  our  glorious  country,  we  wish  to  manifest  to  you  our  sympathy ;  and  as  we  have 
been  prosperous  while  you  have  been  suffering,  we  wish  to  send  you  a  trifle  from  our  abundance. 
Accept,  then,  these  contributions  from  our  own  private  stores,  and  be  assured  we  are  happy  to  do  our 
part  towards  relieving  your  wants  and  encouraging  you  to  hold  out,  until  better  days  shall  come,  as 
we  hope  they  will  soon  come  to  you." 


EAST  TENNESSEE  RELIEF  FUND. 


Benj.  B.  Howard $50  00 

Dorr,  Parks  &  Co 75  00 

Citizens  of  Barnstable 392  50 

J.  H.  Ward 100  00 

Walter  Aiken,  Franklin,  N.  II.  .  10  00 

Osborn  Howes 100  00 

Miss  M.  E.  Davis 10  00 

Samuel  T.  Morse 25  00 

J.  Amory  Davis,  Dorchester.  . .  100  00 

Edward  Russell,                 "...  50  00 

H.  I.  Nazro,                       "...  25  00 

Other  citizens  of               "     .    .  25  00 

Joseph  A.  White 50  00 

Miss  Arabella  Rice,  Portsmouth, 

N.  H 500  00 

Ebenezer    Collamore,    Charles- 
town 50  00 

George  May 100  00 

Daniels,  Kendall  &  Co 100  00 

Friends  of  East  Tennessee,  East- 
port,  Me 140  00 

R.  R.  Endicott,  Beverly 25  00 

Ira  C.  Gray 20  00 

Proceeds  of  a  concert  at  Plym- 
outh    58  00 

Oliver  Prescott,  New  Bedford..  50  00 

Shawmut  Sabbath  School 119  77 

Wm.  J.  Rotch,  New  Bedford. . .  100  00 

Lyman  Tiffany 100  00 

J.  P.  Faulkner,  North  Billerica.  25  00 

John  Perley,  Salem 30  00 

Mrs.  Persis  K.  Parkhurst,  Tern- 

pleton,  Mass 11  00 

Martha  Hooper  Lee 50  00 

Miss  Abigail  Locke,  Templeton.  25  00 
W.    C.    Tenney,    Marlborough, 

Mass 50  00 

D.  Denny  Rice  (aged  7  years), 

Roxlmrv...  1  21 


401 

John  Bartlett,  Cambridge $20  00 

Citizens  of  Lexington, — chiefly 
the  product  of  a  collection  ta- 
ken in  the  First  Parish  Church  281  25 

R.  B.  Forces 100  00 

Proceeds  of  an  amateur  concert 
given  at  Messrs.  Chickering's 
Rooms,  which  were  generous- 
ly offered  for  the  occasion 600  00 

Collection  taken  in  the  First 

Church  in  Abington 70  00 

Goorge  H.  Kuhn 100  00 

S.  F.  Jenkins 100  00 

Collection  taken  in  the  Shepard 
Congregational  Society,  Cam- 
bridge   195  50 

A.  S.  Woodworth 25  00 

Teachers  and  pupils  of  the  Berk- 
shire Family  School,  at  Stock- 
bridge  67  50 

W.  Chadbourne 100  00 

A  few  Citizens  of  Danvers 178  00 

Allen  Gannett,  Lynnfielcl 2  00 

Proceeds  of  a  dramatic  exhibition 
and  concert  given  by  the  young 
ladies  and  gentlemen  connect- 
ed with  the  Mayflower  Divi- 
sion, No.  33,  S.  of  T.  of  Prov- 
incetown,  Mass 100  00 

Elmer  Townsend 50  00 

Collection  taken  at  Trinity 
Church  (including  a  check  for 
$200,  from  H.  W.  Sargent,  of 
the  State  of  New  York) 385  00 

Jonathan  Bourne,  Jr.,  New  Bed- 
ford   100  00 

George  F.  Bartlett*,  New  Bed- 
ford, six  English  sovereigns  .  43  00 

Citizens  of  Plymouth 642  00 


*  Mr.  Bartlett' s  donation  was  accompanied  by  the  following  interesting  letter  to  Mr.  Everett : 

"  NEW  BEDFORD,  March  2lst,  1864. 

"  DEAR  SIR  :— In  response  to  Colonel  Taylor's  touching  appeal,  in  behalf  of  our  suffering  loyal 
brethren  in  East  Tennessee,  I  cheerfully  part  with  the  ONLY  thing  saved  from  the  whaleship  '  Lafayette,' 
burned  by  the  Pirate  '  Alabama,'  April  15th,  1863,  off  Fernando  de  Noronha,  and  enclose  the  same 
to  you  herewith,  viz.  (6)  six  English  sovereigns,  worth  about  forty-three  dollars.  Captain  Lewis  was 
fortunately  on  shore  with  this  gold  to  purchase  stores,  when  Captain  Semmes  steamed  around  the 
island  and  burned  his  ship.  I  will  regard  it  as  a  forced  contribution  from  Captain  Semmes,  in  the  name 
of  the  immortal  Lafayette,  who  loved  our  country  and  its  Father,  and  I  am  most  happy  in  being  able 
to  make  so  worthy  a  bestowal  of  it. 

"Tours  respectfully, 
26  [Signed]        "GEORGE  F.  BARTLETT." 


402 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


Collection  taken  in  the  First 
Congregational  Society  of  Roy  - 
alston $60  00 

Ladies  and  gentlemen  of  Brook- 
line 437  00 

Collections  made  at  the  Unitari- 
an, Orthodox,  and  Universalist 
Societies  in  W.  Cambridge. . .  466  56 

Baptist  Church  in  Sharon 14  10 

Hon.  Samuel  Hooper,  Washing- 
ton   200  00 

The  family  of  C.  Lord,  Buckland, 
Mass 6  10 

0.  M.  Owen,  Stockbridge 50  00 

Simeon  N.  Perry,  Walpole,  N.  II.          30  00 

F.  A.  Sawyer 50  00 

The  Young  Ladies'  Soldiers'  Aid 
Society  of  Nashua 50  00 

Members  of  the  Boston  Corn 
Exchange 1,130  00 

George  F.  Hoar,  Worcester 50  00 

Benjamin  Snow,  Fitchburg 50  00 

A  few  contributors  in  Stock- 
bridge  50  00 

First  Congregational  Church  and 

Society  of  Calais,  Me 100  00 

Monument  Church,  South  Deer- 
field,  Mass 10  00 

Proceeds  of  a  morning  concert 

in  Mount  Vernon  Street 260  00 

Arthur  Wilkinson 100  00 

William  Phillips  &  Son,  New  Bed- 
ford    75  00 

Dr.  Jas.  W.  Thompson's  Church, 

Jamaica  Plain  . .  506  44 


Collection  made  in  Chelsea,  by 

three  school-girls* $45  00 

lion.  Joseph  Grinnell,  New  Bed- 
ford   100  00 

First  Church  in  Boxford 107  25 

Alex.  Strong  &  Co ]  00  00 

Stone  &  Downer 1'JO  00 

Marlborough,  collected  by  Rev. 

G.  N.  Anthony 304  65 

Proceeds  of  Second  Reading,  by 

Mr.  Siddons  and  Miss  Cameron  75  00 

R.  M.  Mason,  Paris 200  00 

Hancock  Street  Church,  Quincy, 

collected  at  a  Prayer-Meeting.  26  15 

M.  P.  Grant. 30  00 

Proceeds  of  a  little  girls'  fair, 

near  Plymouth  Rock 13  00 

E.  P.  Tileston,  Dorchester 100  00 

Samuel  Downer,  do 50  00 

Joseph  Dix,  do 25  00 

Lothrop  &  Moseley,  do 20  00 

William  W.  Paige,  do 10  00 

Daniel  B.  Stednian  &  Co.,  do. . .  20  00 

John  Preston,  do 10  00 

William  L.  Clark,  do 10  00 

William  B.  Newbury,  do 10  00 

Palmers  &  Bachelders 100  00 

Henry  C.  Rand,  N.  Cambridge. .  25  00 
Collection   taken    in    the    Law- 
rence   Street    Congregational 

Church,  Lawrence 172  00 

Collection  taken  in  the  Central 

Church,  Lynn 174  17 

Collections  in  Stockbridge,  Mass., 

made  by  R.  B.  Craig Ill  00 


*  The  donation  from  Chelsea  was  accompanied  by  the  following  letter : 

"  CHELSEA,  March  25th,  1864. 

"DEAR  SIR: — We  have  been  very  much  interested  in  the  patriotic  people  of  East  Tennessee,  and 
not  being  able  to  aid  them  with  money,  we  thought  we  perhaps  might  do  so  by  devoting  to  them  our 
leisure  time,  of  which  we  had  only  our  afternoons,  as  we  are  school-girls  and  have  many  lessons  to 
learn.  We  have  been  from  house  to  house  in  the  little  town  of  Chelsea,  which  is  far  from  rich,  with  a 
subscription  paper,  asking  from  each  person  the  small  sum  of  ten  or  fifteen  cents.  The  enclosed  is 
the  result  of  our  efforts.  It  might  be  a  comforting  thought  to  the  suffering  Tennesseeans  if  they  could 
know  how  generous  and  interested  even  the  poorest  people  have  been  in  their  cause.  One  poor 
old  woman  gave  all  the  money  she  had  (seven  cents),  with  the  earnest  wish  that  it  was  a  great  deal 
more,  and  that  it  might  also  do  a  little  good. 

"  Hoping  that  this  may  bring  half  as  much  comfort  to  some  hungry  Tennesscean  as  we  have  had 
pleasure  in  collecting  it,  we  are, 

"  Very  respectfully, 

"C.  L.  E. 
"M.  8.  E. 
"H.  E.  D." 


EAST  TENNESSEE  RELIEF  FUND. 


Ladies  and  gentlemen  of  the  pri- 
vate theatricals  in  Chickering's 
Hall $732  00 

Dr.  Daniel  Swan,  Medford 100  00 

The  Misses  Welles 200  00 

Henry  Edwards 50  00 

John  Russell,  Greenfield 100  00 

F.  Peirce  &  Co 10000 

Mrs.  Betsey  S.  Beal,  Kingston. .  10  00 

Congregational  Church  and  So- 
ciety at  "West  Boylston 29  00 

Amount  given  at  St.  Paul's 

Church  on  Easter  Sunday. ...  50  00 

Abraham  Barker 50  00 

Collection  made  in  the  Green- 
ville Baptist  Church  and  Soci- 
ety   44  56 

George  A.  Newell 50  00 

Baptist  Society  in  Royalston 25  00 

General  John  S.  Tyler 50  00 

The  Misses  Baldwin,  Dorchester          60  00 

Master  Charles  L.  B.  Whitney, 
prize  for  excellence  in  decla- 
mation, Springfield,  Mass 3  00 

William  A.  Wheeler,  Dorchester  3  00 

Congregational  Church  and  So- 
ciety at  Mattapoisett,  Mass ...  42  32 

H.  Bromfield  Pearson 100  00 

Edward  C.  Jones,  New  Bedford.         100  00 

Officers  of  the  Customs  in  Bos- 
ton, $5  each 50  00 

Collection  at  a  meeting  in  Som- 

erville 14  60 

Arthur  Searle 30  00 

From  D.  II.  Rogan,  Greenfield, 
Mass.,  the  contribution  of  an 
East  Tennessee  Refugee,  and  a 
few  of  his  friends 12  00 

D.  R.  Greene,  New  Bedford 100  00 

Pupils  in  the  Adams  School  at 

Dorchester 50  00 

First  Trinitarian  Congregational 

Church  at  Maiden 35  00 

The  officers  of  the  20th  Regiment 

of  Massachusetts  Volunteers. .  125  00 

Citizens  of  Dorchester 93  00 

Easter  offering  in  the  Church  of 
the  Disciples,  Indiana  Place, 
Boston 241  43 

From  Bernardstown,  Mass 90  00 

Mrs.  Maria  F.  Savles. . .  500  00 


The  Teachers  and  Scholars  of  the 
Unitarian  Sabbath  School, 
Gloucester,  Mass $30  00 

G.  W.  Messinger,  being  his  salary 
for  the  year  as  Treasurer  of 
First  Church,  Boston 50  00 

Second  Parish  Sabbath  School, 

Amherst 20  00 

Citizens  of  Auburn,  Mass 73  25 

Mrs.  McBurney,  Roxbury 50  00 

Congregational  Parish  in  South- 
field 42  90 

His  Excellency,  J.  L.  Motley,  Jr., 
Minister  of  the  United  States 
at  Vienna. .  200  00 

Collection  at  the  Church  in  Hou- 
satonic,  Mass 16  00 

Collection  in  the  Parish  of  St. 

Andrews,  Hanover 46  00 

Proceeds    of   a    masquerade   in 

Cambridge 150  00 

Congregational  Society  of  Mil- 
ford  45  00 

Rev.  R.  M.  Hodges,  Cambridge.         100  00 

Proceeds  of  an  entertainment 
given  under  the  auspices  of 
the  Teachers'  Association ....  135  00 

Proceeds  of  a  Juvenile  Concert.  12  00 

Hon.  Ichabod  Goodwin,  of  Ports- 
mouth, from  the  estate  of  the 
late  Mrs.  Charlotte  Rice,  of 
that  city,  and  in  presumed  ac- 
cordance with  what  would 
have  been  her  wishes 500  00 

Teachers  and  Pupils  of  the  Uni- 
tarian Sunday  School  at  Exe- 
ter, N.  H 66  00 

Joseph  Lovejoy 25  00 

C.  P.  Emmons,  Needham 25  00 

A  class  in  the  Chestnut  Street 
Congregational  SabbathSchool 
at  Chelsea 25  00 

Proceeds  of  a  Fair  for  the  chil- 
dren of  East  Tennessee  by  eight 
little  girls  at  Plymouth 80  00 

Susan  D.  Rogers 25  00 

G.  A.  Bethune 50  00 

Missionary  Church  in  Lanesville. 

Gloucester,  Mass 20  00 

Mrs.  Henry  Cutter,  Winchester.  10  00 

Miss  S.  B.  Morton,  Milton  Hill. .  50  00 


404 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


Mrs.  N.  F.  Safford,  Milton  Hill . .         $25  00 

Hon.  Samuel  H.  Dale,  Mayor  of 

Bangor 25  00 

Friends   of   East    Tennessee   in 

Nantucket 30  00 

A  collection  on  Fast  Day  at  a 
Union  meeting  of  the  Baptist 
and  Orthodox  Churches  in  Lit- 
tleton    32  06 

Isaac  K.  Gifford,  North  Dart- 
mouth    50  00 

Proceeds  of  two  amateur  con- 
certs at  Salem,  under  the  aus- 
pices of  Mr.  Manuel  Fenollosa  650  00 

Pupils  and  teacher  of  the  Eliot 

Sabbath  School,  Newton,  Mass.         132  00 

Collection  made  in  the  Sunday 
School  of  the  Eliot  Church, 
Newton,  Mass.* 127  50 

Ladies'  Aid  Society,  South  Dan- 

vers 50  00 

Four  churches,  South  Danvers.         154  98 

Second  Congregational  Society 
in  Nantucket 88  03 

Massachusetts  Char.  Fire  So- 
ciety    300  00 

S.  H.  Bourne,  Kennebunk 5  00 

Mrs.  Mary  Morton,  Milton  Hill.  50  00 

Mrs.  M.  H.  M.  Thompson 25  00 

Blodgett  &  White 100  00 

Thomas  W.  Mayhew,  Westport 

Point 10  00 

Proceeds  of  tableaux  at  Jamaica 

Plain 334  T5 

S.  Blackinton,  North  Adams. . .         100  00 

S.  Johnson,  "  ...  50  00 

S.  W.  Brayton,          "  ...  50  00 

Mrs.  Mary  B.  Parkman 5  00 

Chiefly  raised  by  contributions 
in  the  several  churches  of  Mil- 
bury 150  00 

The  officers  and  crew  of  the  U. 
S.  Ship  Rattler 127  00 


T.  Jefferson  Coolidge $200  00 

C.  D.  Kellogg 20  00 

Citizens  of  Tyngsborough 23  00 

Collection  made  by  three  little 

girls  in  Concord,  Mass 50  00 

Citizens   of  Dennis,    being   the 
proceeds  of  an  exhibition  held 

there 37  00 

Collection  in  the  church  of  the 

Eev.  Dr.  Hill,  in  Worcester. .         222  00 
First  Congregational  Church  in 

New  Marlborough 40  00 

Universalist  Church  in  Shirley 

Village 41  00 

Anonymoust 500  00 

Elias  Keith,  Rowe,  Mass 6  00 

S.  P.  Brown,  Dover,  Me 100  00 

A  few  citizens  of  York,  Me 45  00 

Proceeds  of  a  little  girls'  fair  in 

Dorchester 200  35 

Proceeds  of  a  young  ladies'  fair, 
held  at  No.  21  Boylstou  Place      1,000  00 

Citizens  of  Ipswich 385  00 

A  few  ladies    in    Belmont,   by 

Miss  Mack 57  00 

Collection  taken  in  Rev.  Joshua 
Coit's  church,  at  Brookfield, 

Mass 30  00 

Aaron  Roberts,  Dover,  N.  II. . .  10  00 
A  few  individuals  in  North  Par- 
ish, Portsmouth 150  00 

"Dickens      Dramatic       Club," 

Cambridge 103  00 

First   Baptist    Church   in   Dor- 
chester    17  50 

Members  of  the  M.  E.  Church  in 

Dorchester 35  00 

Collection  in  the  Congregational 

Church  at  South  Reading 72  13 

Social  gathering  at  do 46  00 

Collection     in     the     Unitarian 

Church  in  North  Chelsea 34  00 

Lafayette  Burr 50  00 


*  Mr.  Bacon,  in  transmitting  the  handsome  donation  of  the  Eliot  Sunday  School,  writes :  "  We 
were  stimulated  to  make  our  collection  as  large  as  possible  by  the  liberal  offer  of  our  Sabbath  School 
teacher  to  double  whatever  sum  might  be  contributed  by  the  school.  The  result  was  a  contribution 
of  $132." 

t  This  munificent  donation  was  enclosed  in  a  note,  in  which  the  writer  says  : 

"I  have  stood  in  the  fight  many  a  day  by  the   side  of  those  East  Tcnnesseeans,  but  I  see  there 
are  yet  other  ways  of  doing  one's  duty  towards  them  ;  so  I  add  my  contribution  to  their  aid." 


EAST  TENNESSEE   RELIEF  FUND. 


405 


Collection  at  the  Crombie  Street 

Church  and  Society  at  Salem  $73  47 

Penny  contributions  of  the 
Mount  Vernon  Sabbath 
School,  for  one  month 25  00 

Collection  taken  at  the  Church 

of  the  Unity,  at  Worcester. . .  158  00 

Collection  taken  at  the  Congre- 
gational Church  at  Wenham.  29  00 

Unitarian  Sunday  School  at 

Quincy 254  10 

Collected  in  New  Bedford,  by 
Master  Willie  Rowland,  who 
was  prevented  from  getting 
more  by  illness 3  50 

Collection  at  the  Dorchester  Vil- 
lage Church 53  25 

Collection  at  the  church  of  the 
Third  Eeligious  Society  of 
Dorchester 100  00 

Collection  at  the  First  Indepen- 
dent Methodist  Church,  Dor- 
chester   13  35 

Citizens  of  Dorchester 87  00 

John  W.  Peirce,*  Jr.,  Tremont, 

Me 25  00 

Collection  in  the  North  Congre- 
gational Church  and  Society 
atHaverhill..  162  75 


Edward  Ilolbrook $20  00 

Jas.  L.  Mills  &  Son 25  00 

Collection  in  North  Congrega- 
tional Church  in  Haverhill. . .  162  50 

Collection  -fay  the  youngest  class 
at  M'lle  De  Bonville's  school 
for  young  ladies,  54  Chestnut 
Street 25  00 

Citizens  of  West  Amesbury. ...         161  00 

First  Church  in  Koxbury,  Rev. 

Dr.  Putnam 933  00 

The  proceeds  of  a  little  girls' 
fair  in  West  Cedar  Street,  by 
Misses  Maria  Decatur,  Grace 
Kellogg,  and  Susie  Spring. . .  50  65 

A  part  of  the  "  Penny  Contribu- 
tion "  of  the  Mather  Sabbath 
School  of  Jamaica  Plain 10  00 

The  North  Baptist  Society  in 

Dorchester 15  00 

Nickerson  &  Co 100  00 

Congregational  Church  and  So- 
ciety of  Buckland 32  10 

Congregational  Society  at  Acton  7  00 

Miss  Anne  Wigglesworth,t  a 

second  donation  of 100  00 

Miss  Mary  Wiggles  worth 100  00 

E.  D.  Everett 20  00 

Citizens  of  Dana,  Mass 48  65 


*  The  contribution  of  Master  Peirce,  a  lad  of  twelve,  was  remitted  in  the  following  letter: 

"S.  W.  HARBOR,  TREMONT,  ME.,  April  5,  1864. 

"  DEAR  SIR  : — Enclosed  please  find  $25,  which  1  have  collected  for  the  suffering  East  Tennes- 
seeans.  I  have  read  and  heard  so  much  of  the  sufferings  of  these  loyal  people,  that  I  wished  very 
much  to  do  something  for  them.  I  said  to  my  mother,  I  will  give  them  my  dollar,  all  my  money. 
She  said  that  will  do  very  little  good  alone,  but  I  might  go  round  and  ask  my  young  friends  to 
give  for  this  noble  cause.  I  was  pleased  to  do  so,  and  have  collected  this  sum.  I  found  both  old 
and  young  ready  to  give  me  something;  very  few  refused.  In  one  family  I  got  almost  $5.  I  know 
this  is  a  small  sum  compared  with  the  thousands  you  are  receiving;  but  if  some  little  boy  in  each 
town  of  this  state  would  go  round  among  his  friends,  the  sums  thus  collected  all  put  together 
would  make  thousands  of  dollars;  and,  oh!  how  much  suffering  would  be  relieved! 

"  Respectfully  yours, 
[Signed]  "  JNO.  W.  PEIRCE,  JR." 

•f-  Miss  Wigglesworth's  second  donation  was  enclosed  in  the  following  note : 

"  Will  Mr.  Everett  be  kind  enough  to  accept  the  enclosed,  that  it  may  lend  its  little  aid  in  filling 
the  vacuum  which  exists  between  the  present  receipts  and  the  $100,000,  which  we  miust  send  from 
Massachusetts. 

"  I  have  not  waited  till  this  last  moment  before  sending  my  mite,  as  my  first  was  sent  in  February. 
But  I  cannot  sit  still  and  merely  wish  that  our  contributions  should  reach  the  sum  of  one  hundred 
thousand.  I  must  make  my  wish — and  hope  that  others  will  do  the  same — assume  a  practical  form. 

"Very  respectfully  yours, 
.    "1  Park  Street,  May 9,  1864."  "A.  WIGGLESWORTU. 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Mr.  Emmanuel,  an  attache  of  the 

Consul-General's  office  at  Con- 
stantinople    $20  00 

Mrs.  Albert  "W.  Paine,  Bangor, 

Me 10  00 

Messrs.  Faxon,  Elms  &  Co 50  00 

Mrs.  Peter  C.  Brooks 200  00 

Edwin  Rowland 100  00 

Collection  taken  in  the  church 

of    Eev.    Samuel    Brooks,    at 

South  Framingham 39  50 

J.  Kuhn 25  00 

Henry  Lyon,  M.  D.,  Charlestown  50  00 

Col.  Samuel  Swett 30  00 

Amos  P.  Tapley,  Lynn 100  00 

Miss  Eliza  Whitwell,  Dorchester  100  00 
Eev.  Alex.  Proudfit,  Chaplain 

U.  S.  A 15  00 

Samuel  Eodman,  New  Bedford .  10000 
The  Amesbury  Mills  Congrega- 
tional Society 37  4(5 

George  Wilson,  New  Bedford. .  10  00 

O.  W.  Holmes,  M.  D 100  00 

Net  proceeds  of  a  musical  enter- 
tainment at  Chickering's  Hall, 

the  use  of  which  was  given  by 

the  Messrs.  C.'s  gratuitously.  1,102  00 

W.  II.  H.  Newman 50  00 

Three  boys  at  Walpole,  "the 

profits  of  a   small  store  and 

picking    dandelions "    in   the 

holidays 5  00 

Proceeds  of  a  children's  fair, 

held  at  the  house  of  William 

Gray,  by  Ellen  Gray,  Anna 

Jackson,  and  Georgiana  Eaton  500  00 
Congregational  Society  at  Truro  18  00 

Methodist  Society  at  Maiden 

Centre 70  50 

Proceeds  of  a  children's  fair,  at 

the   house   of  Dr.    Ilayward, 

Temple  Place 190  00 

Mrs.  J.  Mason  Warren 100  00 

Hon.  S.  L.  Crocker,  Taunton.  . .  100  00 
Total . . 


Proceeds  of  a  little  child's  fair 

in  Westchester  Park $7  00 

Collection  at  a  meeting  of  the 

Universalist  Society  at  South 

Danvers 33  00 

Proceeds  of  a  children's  fair 

at  Dr.  Talbot's 1,004  00 

Miss  Martha  B.  Waite 1 00  00 

Charles  Sherry,  Jr.,  Bristol,  E.I.  100  00 
Ladies'  Eelief  Association,  Fifth 

Ward,  Providence 100  00 

Joseph  A.  Barker,  do 25  00 

S.  G.  Mason,  do 20  00 

Eev.  Dr.  Wayland,  do 25  00 

Charles  E.  Carpenter,  do 25  00 

Amos  D.  Smith,  do 100  00 

From  the  Congregational  Church 

and  Society  in  Ilollis,  N.  II. .  56  50 

Proceeds  of  a  concert  given  in 

the    Music    Hall,    under    the 

auspices  of  Mrs.  Eastburn  .  . .  802  25 
Proceeds  of  a  collection  at  the 

Trinitarian    Church    at   New 

Bedford 150  00 

From  Misses  Mary  W.  Gannett, 

Sarah  M.  Bond,  and  Grace  T. 

Etheridge,  the  proceeds  of  a 

children's  fair 41  25 

Proceeds  of  an  emblematic  and 

dramatic     entertainment     in 

Chickering's  Hall 11  fi  00 

Proceeds  of  a  children's  fair, 

held   at   the   house    of   John 

Lowell ;)8(5  00 

First  Congregational  Church  and 

Society  in  Yorke,  Me 21  45 

Attleboro'($128.50)  and  Wrenth- 

am  ($41.00) 1(59  50 

I).  B.  Check,  Danville,  Ky 5  00 

Capt.  S.  D.  Trenchard,  U.  S.  N. .  20  00 

Proceeds  of  a  fair  at  109  Pinck- 

ney  Street D2  16 

All  other  sums 10,544  6(5 


.$102,180  08 


The  next  chapter  will   describe   the   aims   and  efforts  of  a  commission 
organized  to  follow  up  the  work  thus  nobly  begun. 


CHAPTER    XIII. 


1THERTO,  this  matter  of  feeding  and  aiding  the  loyal 
men  of  the  disloyal  states  had  been  conducted,  as  it  were, 
from  hand  to  mouth;  an  organized  commission  now 
assumed  the  duty.  This  commission,  with  the  above 
title,  was  formed  in  New  York,  in  October,  1864,  and 
was  constituted  as  follows: 


Treasurer, 
A.  V.  STOUT. 


President. 
REV.  Jos.  P.  THOMPSON. 

Corresponding  Secretary, 
PROF.  B.  N".  MARTIN,  D.  D. 


REV.  S.  B.  BELL,  D.  D., 
WM.  A.  BOOTH, 


Recording  Secretary, 
H.  M.  PIERCE. 

E.  L.  FAXCHER. 
WM.  G.  LAMBERT, 


408  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

REV.  W.  I.  BUDDIXGTON,  D.  D.,  GEO.  "W.  LANE, 

CIIAELES  BUTLER,  A.  A.  Low, 

S.  B.  CniTTEXDEX,  REV.  J.  McCLiNxocK,  D.  D., 

CHARLES  C.  COLGATE,  R.  II.  McCuRDY, 

REV.  J.  T.  DCRYEA,  REV.  S.  H.  TYNG,  JR., 

REV.  II.  G.  WESTON,  D.  D.,  HORACE  WEBSTER,  LL.  D. 

The  Eev.  Lyman  Abbott  subsequently  became  Corresponding  Secretary  in 
place  of  Prof.  Martin,  and  Messrs.  David  Dows,  Henry  T.  Morgan,  Christopher 
Robert,  and  Samuel  B.  Schieffelin,  were  made  members  of  the  commission. 

The  first  appeal  to  the  public  was  issued  on  the  9th  of  November,  the 
commission  having,  at  that  time,  received  about  one  thousand  dollars,  nearly 
half  of  which  was  contributed  by  the  Tabernacle  Church  in  New  York,  of 
which  the  president  of  the  commission  is  pastor.  From  this  appeal,  which 
fully  set  forth  the  aims  of  the  association,  we  make  the  following  extract : 

"  Large  tracts  of  our  country  have  been  desolated  by  the  march  of  vast 
armies  to  and  fro ;  the  population,  first  exhausted  by  military  exactions,  have 
been  plundered  and  stripped  by  guerrilleros ;  at  length,  abandoning  their  famine- 
smitten  homes,  they  crowd  within  our  lines.  They  arrive  in  the  utmost  pos- 
sible destitution ;  huddle  together  in  wretched  places  of  refuge,  and  sink 

under  want,  exposure,  and  disease The  forced  depopulation  of  Atlanta, 

and  the  recent  devastation  of  the  Shenandoah  valley,  have  made  a  frightful 
increase  of  this  misery,  and  thrown  fresh  thousands  of  houseless  and  naked 
creatures  upon  Pennsylvania  and  Kentucky  for  relief.  An  ordinary  famine 
scarcely  involves  such  suffering.  The  famine-stricken  have  homes.  It  is 
impossible  to  depict  this  misery  of  the  homeless. 

"  Twelve  hundred  such  sufferers  are  this  day  in  Memphis,  with  scarcely 
any  other  shelter  than  four  worn-out  tents.  They  are  destitute  of  every  con- 
venience of  life,  nay,  of  every  necessity.  Some  of  them  have  not  seen  a  comb 
for  months,  and  are  devoured  by  vermin.  "Women  have  not  the  clothing 
which  decency  demands,  and  their  children  stand  naked  around  them. 

"  Their  wretched  abodes,  crowded  with  the  sick  who  are  unable  to  help 
themselves,  are  filthy  and  pestilential  to  the  last  degree  ;  sixty  are  huddled  in 
one  small  room  at  Natchez,  most  of  them  severely  ill.  The  dying  lie  uncared 
for,  the  dead  unburied  among  them  for  days.  At  some  posts,  as  at  Knoxville, 
there  is  a  lack  of  medicine ;  at  others,  as  at  Memphis,  they  have  no  medical 
attendance ;  everywhere  they  are  destitute  of  all  suitable  food  for  the  sick. 
Everywhere  they  need  stoves  to  warm  their  miserable  shelters,  and  enable  the 
women  to  earn  something  by  sewing. 

"  What  can  be  done  ?     Only  the  briefest  time  remains  in  which  to  provide 


THE  AMERICAN  UNION   COMMISSION.  409 

succor  before  the  winter.  We  appeal  to  all  who  have  hearts  to  feel  for  human 
misery — than  which  none  greater  exists  on  the  face  of  the  earth.  We  plead 
for  a  contribution  of  clothing  from  every  family.  We  beg  you  to  tie  up  what- 
ever you  can  spare,  and  hand  it  to  the  agent  of  our  commission,  who  will  call 
for  it  within  a  few  days.  We  appeal  to  the  ladies  to  furnish  us  blankets, 
shawls,  dresses,  under-clothing,  stockings,  and  shoes,  for  women  and  children. 
No  want,  no  suffering,  exists  in  our  land  this  day  which  pleads  with  equal 
urgency  for  prompt  and  generous  relief. 

"  The  Union  Commission  has  the  approval  of  the  President  and  the  sanction 
of  the  War  Department,  and  can  command  government  facilities  for  transpor- 
tation. Whatever  is  contributed  will  be  at  once  transmitted.  Our  generosity 
will  save  the  lives  of  our  friends,  abate  the  rancor  of  our  enemies,  and  bless 
and  relieve  those  who  are  literally  ready  to  perish." 

Though  the  country  had  been  giving  freely  to  works  of  charity  and  jus- 
tice for  nearly  four  years,  and  though  this  call  was  made  just  after  a  most 
exciting  general  election,  the  state  of  things  above  depicted  seemed  to  touch 
a  fresh  spot  in  the  public  heart.  The  contributors  to  the  Union  Commis- 
sion have  been  principally  poor  people ;  the  fund  with  which  it  has  labored 
is  an  aggregate  of  church  collections,  widows'  mites,  hard-earned  savings,  with 
here  and  there  a  few  dollars  from  a  soldier  or  from  the  patients  in  a  hospital. 
Few  millionaires  have  endowed  the  Union  Commission ;  the  money  and  the 
clothing  it  has  collected  seem  to  have  come,  in  a  large  degree,  from  the  smaller 
towns  and  villages,  and  in  inconsiderable  quantities  from  the  cities. 

Several  distinct  fields  of  labor  at  once  presented  themselves.  There  was 
West  Virginia,  which  had  furnished  her  full  quota  of  soldiers,  with  sixteen 
thousand  square  miles  of  her  territory  literally  stripped  bare,  having  been 
overrun  by  the  two  contending  armies  not  less  than  twelve  times  ;  ten  thou- 
sand of  her  population  were  in  necessitous  circumstances,  many  of  them 
houseless  and  penniless.  There  was  East  Tennessee,  whose  distresses  have 
been  already  detailed ;  and  there  was  that  wretched  class  of  sufferers  called 
refugees,  stranded  within  the  United  States  lines  by  the  tide  of  war,  afraid  to 
go  home — indeed,  with  no  home  to  go  to — driven  backward  and  forward  by 
the  advancing  armies,  hardly  better  treated  by  their  friends  than  by  their  foes. 
The  Sanitary  and  Christian  Commissions  aided  them  as  much  as  they  felt 
able  ;  the  government  gave  them  half  rations,  and,  to  a  limited  extent,  trans- 
portation. They  huddled  together  in  Nashville;  Nashville  was  threatened  by 
the  enemy,  and  military  necessity  thrust  them  forth,  urging  them,  some  north, 
some  south.  It  was  among  this  class  of  wanderers  that  the  Union  Commission 


410  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

expected  mainly  to  work,  and  while  ministering  to  present  necessities,  re- 
lieving the  sick,  feeding  the  hungry,  and  clothing  the  naked,  its  purpose 
was  to  do  nothing  which  would  tend  to  create  a  state  of  dependence,  or  to 
hold  the  people  long  as  paupers.  Other  purposes  entertained  by  the  commission 
— and  subsequently  carried  out — were  to  deport  the  refugees  to  points  where 
labor  was  in  demand;  to  establish  industrial  houses  where  women  and  children 
could  be  taught  to  sew,  thus  preparing  them  to  go  back,  in  good  time,  to  the 
land,  if  not  to  the  homes,  they  loved,  better  informed,  more  intelligent,  and 
more  useful  than  they  left  it. 

"  I  will  take  this  poor,  starving  boy,"  said  Mr.  Thompson,  in  a  discourse 
upon  this  topic,  "  no  matter  who  his  father  was  or  where  he  is,  I  will  take  him 
by  the  hand ;  I  will  nurture  him ;  I  will  clothe  him ;  I  will  feed  him  ;  I  will 
teach  him  to  read ;  I  will  teach  him  the  knowledge  of  God  and  of  Jesus 
Christ  his  Saviour;  I  will  teach  him  that  he  has  a  country;  I  will  teach  him 
what  he  never  knew  before,  the  geography  of  his  country,  the  extent  of  it ;  I 
will  teach  him  what  he  never  knew  before,  the  history  of  his  country,  the  great 
name  of  Washington,  and  all  that  is  illustrious  in  our  past;  and  I  will  make 
that  boy  a  patriot !  I  will  teach  him  that  the  men  against  whom,  perhaps,  his 
father,  in  his  ignorance  and  prejudice  and  blindness,  goaded  on  by  men  of 
infamous  deeds,  has  lifted  his  hand,  are  the  men  who  have  nurtured  and  saved 
and  educated  and  blessed  him.  And  I  will  sow  that  land  of  rebellion  thick 
with  these  regenerated  children.  If  we  are  not  great  enough  for  that,  we  are 
not  great  enough  to  be  free." 

An  ulterior  and  more  comprehensive  object  of  the  organization  was  to 
assist  in  all  ways  and  in  all  times,  the  work  of  reunion,  of  resuscitation ;  and 
to  do  this  by  facilitating  the  right  kind  of  emigration,  by  disseminating  cor- 
rect information,  and  by  providing,  on  a  broad  scale,  for  the  education  of  a 
people  from  whom  its  advantages  have  been  too  long  withheld. 

On  the  1st  of  May,  1865.  the  commission,  having  been  in  existence  six 
months,  had  received  and  appropriated  to  the  uses  which  have  been  stated, 
about  $40,000  in  money,  and  clothing,  blankets,  and  shoes,  to  the  value  of 
about  $30,000.  The  capture  of  Charleston  by  the  Union  forces  had  necessi- 
tated the  sending  of  aid  to  the  destitute  inhabitants  there,  thus  enlarging  a 
field  already  large  enough  for  the  laborers.  Refugees  soon  began  to  arrive  in 
large  numbers  in  New  York,  and  the  commission  could  neither  let  them 
starve  nor  pass  the  night  in  the  streets.  The  commission  was  preparing,  at 
the  date  above  mentioned,  to  assume  the  care  of  deserters  from  the  rebel 
army,  to  open  schools  in  Savannah,  Charleston,  and  Memphis,  and  to  provide 


THE   AMERICAN   UNION   COMMISSION.  411 

the  loyalists  of  West  Virginia  and  East  Tennessee  with  seeds  and  implements 
of  agriculture.  A  branch  society,  the  New  England  Refugees'  Aid  Society,* 
had  collected  $25,000  in  the  same  time. 

Like  the  associations  for  the  relief  of  freedmen,  the  Union  Commission 
and  its  branches  doubtless  have  years  of  useful  labor  before  them ;  their  great 
opportunity  is  yet  to  come.  While  their  Sanitary  and  Christian  colleagues 
are  laying  off  their  harness,  they  are  but  just  buckling  their  armor  on.  This 
is  but  right  and  proper ;  to  each  time  its  own  duties,  and  to  each  cause  its  ser- 
vants. The  sword  has  been  beaten  into  a  plough-share,  and  the  spear  into  a 
pruning-hook.  Devastation  is  over,  restoration  is  to  begin.  And  as  far  as 
such  a  work  can  be  aided  by  the  organization  and  operations  of  a  semi-chari- 
table, semi-educational  society,  one  whose  bounty  is  accompanied  by  a  lesson 
in  the  art  of  using  it  to  advantage,  so  far — we  have  the  past  as  a  guarantee— 
will  it  be  fostered  and  hastened  by  the  labors  of  the  American  Union  Com- 
mission. 


*  Executive  Committee,  Hon.  Martin  Brimmer,  Hon.  Dvvight  Foster,  Rev.  Joseph  W.  Parker,  D.  D., 
Thomas  C.  Wales,  Hamilton  A.  Hill,  Heury  P.  Kidder. 


412 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


CHAPTER    XIY. 


THE    CHAMBERSBUHG   AND   SAVANNAH    RELIEF   FUNDS. 


TUB    1.1  i.Sb   OK   CIlAMIiKUSUl'Kt;. 


THE  town  of  Chambersburg,  Pennsylvania,  was  burned  by  a  body  of  three 
thousand  rebels  under  General  McCausland — forming  part  of  the  forces  under 
General  Early — in  July,  186i,  the  inhabitants  being  unable  to  raise  the  sum, 
in  gold,  which  had  been  fixed  as  the  price  of  its  ransom.  Eighteen  hundred 
persons,  half  the  population,  were  rendered  homeless,  four  hundred  of  whom 
still  possessed  some  means,  the  other  fourteen  hundred  being  utterly  destitute. 
For  some  time  they  lived  on  the  charity  of  their  neighbors,  and  the  chance 
contributions  of  friends  in  other  towns. 

An  eye-witness  has  given  the  following  description  of  the  scene : 

"  The  order  for  the  burning  of  the  town  was  given  by  General  McCausland 


CHAMBERSBURG  AND   SAVANNAH.  413 

at  nine  o'clock,  and  fifteen  minutes  afterwards  flames  were  leaping  from  the 
windows  of  the  houses  in  the  Diamond.  The  rebels,  breaking  into  the  drug- 
stores, procured  turpentine,  and  making  fire-balls,  threw  them  into  the  houses 
indiscriminately.  The  men  were  sent  around  in  squads,  plundering  and 
burning  every  house  they  saw  fit  to  enter.  Yery  often  these  men  obtained 
considerable  sums  of  money  from  the  wealthier  citizens  to  protect  their  prop- 
erty. Their  promises  were  ample  surety  until  the  money  was  in  their  hands, 
but  after  it  was  received  they  entirely  disregarded  them. 

;<One  of  these  squads,  entering  a  house,  gave  the  inmates  five  minutes  to 
remove  their  effects  before  deluging  the  floor  with  turpentine  and  igniting  it. 
The  scene  at  ten  o'clock  was  indescribable.  Nearly  the  whole  town  was  one 
roaring  mass  of  fire.  So  intense  was  the  heat,  it  was  impossible  even  to  walk 
through  the  Diamond — a  large  open  space  in  the  centre  of  the  town.  The 
flames  from  either  side  of  the  streets  met  each  other,  forming  an  arch  of  fire, 
above  which  the  black  smoke  rolled  in  thick  and  heavy  volumes,  obscuring 
the  heavens.  Houseless  and  homeless  women  and  children  fleeing,  and  the 
oaths  of  the  maddened  rebels,  completed  this  picture  of  horrors,  a  scene  that 
will  never  be  forgotten  by  the  citizens  of  Chambersburg.  Nothing,  compara- 
tively, was  saved — an  old  painting,  the  family  Bible,  a  change  of  clothing, 
that  was  all.  No  time  was  allowed  for  the  removal  of  the  furniture,  or  even 
trunks  of  clothing.  Seventy  pianos  in  the  different  houses  in  one  street  were 
burned.  The  terror  of  the  scene  appalled  even  the  rebels." 

A  meeting  was  held  in  the  rooms  of  the  Board  of  Trade  of  Philadelphia 
on  the  3d  of  August,  to  adopt  some  measures  of  relief  to  the  despoiled  inhabi- 
tants. This  resulted  in  a  subscription,  Mr.  Edmund  A.  Souder  being  made 
treasurer  of  the  fund,  which  amounted,  some  weeks  afterwards,  to  a  trifle  over 
$35,000.  A  considerable  quantity  of  second-hand  clothing,  collected  by  a 
ladies'  committee,  was  also  forwarded  from  time  to  time.  Just  before  the 
burning,  Chambersburg  had  held  a  fair  for  the  Christian  Commission,  the  net 
receipts  of  which,  over  $3,000,  were  paid  to  the  central  office  at  Philadelphia. 
The  people  of  Baltimore,  thinking  that  the  unhappy  city  could  ill  afford  such 
generosity,  as  things  had  turned  out,  thought  it  would  be  a  good  idea  to  return 
the  people  that  sum,  and  did  so,  a  subscription  taken  up  in  that  view  amount- 
ing to  $3,261.40. 

We  have  mentioned  several  instances  of  a  peculiar  species  of  revenge 
brought  about  by  the  whirligig  of  time.  Here  is  another,  and  the  best  of  all. 

On  the  10th  of  August,  1774,  at  a  general  meeting  of  the  inhabitants  of 
Georgia  at  Savannah,  a  committee  was  appointed  "to  receive  subscriptions  for 


414  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

the  suffering  poor  of  Boston,"  the  latter  city  being  reduced,  by  the  action  of 
the  Port  Bill,  almost  to  the  condition  of  a  besieged  town.  As  the  subscrip- 
tions were  principally  in  rice,  few  giving  less  than  ten  tierces,  and  as  the  harbor 
of  Boston  was  closed,  the  contributions  were  sent  to  New  York  and  sold,  the 
proceeds,  a  trifle  over  £216,  being  remitted  to  the  Boston  committee.  In 
January,  1865,  the  citizens  of  Boston  held  a  meeting  and  appointed  a  commit- 
tee to  receive  subscriptions  for  the  relief  of  the  suffering  poor  of  Savannah ; 
and  not  only  the  citizens  of  Boston,  but  those  of  New  York  and  Philadelphia. 
There  was  some  doubt  whether  distress  such  as  had  been  represented  really 
existed ;  some  apprehension  lest  the  bounty  asked  for,  if  granted,  might  reach 
unworthy  persons ;  some  unwillingness  to  enter  so  promptly  into  relations  with 
people  who  were  only  civil,  perhaps,  because  they  dared  not  be  otherwise.  But 
these  feelings  were  lost  sight  of  in  the  general  desire  that  bygones  should  be 
bygones,  and  the  three  cities  made  generous  contributions  to  the  fund — not 
far  from  $100,000  in  all.  The  last  public  act  of  Edward  Everett's  life  was  to 
cast  his  influence  in  favor  of  answering  the  appeal  in  a  cordial  and  forgiving 
spirit. 


CHAPTER  XV.  . 

KEFRESHMENT    SALOONS,    SUBSISTENCE    COMMITTEES,    SOLDIERS'    HOMES,    ETC.  : 
THE    FIRE   AMBULANCE  COMPANY   OF   PHILADELPHIA. 


TUK    UNION    VOLUNTEER    REFRESHMENT   SALOON,    PHILADELPHIA. 

THE  27th  day  of  May,  1861,  witnessed  the  inauguration  of  a  novel  institu- 
tion in  Philadelphia,  and  every  27th  day  since  has  been  a  pleasantly  kept 
anniversary. .  The  Union  Volunteer  Refreshment  Saloon,  and  the  Cooper- 
Shop  Refreshment  Saloon,  were  opened  on  that  day  ;  this  much  is  certain.  An 
attempt  has  been  made  to  arrive  at  greater  precision — to  settle  not  only  the 
date,  but  the  hour,  of  the  birth  of  each,  as  in  the  case  of  royal  twins,  to  decide 
which  is  the  heir  and  which  the  subject.  It  is  not  our  province  to  judge, 
though  we  may  have  heard  the  evidence ;  and  it  is  probable  that  the  reader 
will  be  more  interested  in  the  story  of  the  mouths  they  have  fed  than  in  that 
of  their  claims  to  precedence.  Placing  them  both  upon  a  line,  and  engaging 
to  invoke  the  favor  of  the  public  equally  upon  each,  we  proceed  to  state  how 
it  was  that  these  democratic  republican  twins  were  conceived  and  born. 

In  the  third  week  of  April,  1861,  the  regiments  of  three  months'  men, 
summoned  by  the  President  to  the  defence  of  Washington,  began  passing 
through  Philadelphia.  The  government  had  as  yet  made  no  preparations 


416  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

for  giving  the  men  their  meals  upon  the  route.  They  arrived  hungry  and 
fatigued^  and,  during  the  first  six  weeks,  were  dependent  upon  the  benevo- 
lence of  the  citizens  living  in  the  neighborhood.  From  them  they  received 
water,  tea  and  coffee,  and  even  bread  and  meat.  But  the  inhabitants  of  the 
quarter  were  of  the  laboring  class,  and  could  ill  afford  to  continue  their 
self-imposed  labor  of  love,  especially  as  the  number  of  men  to  be  relieved 
increased  from  day  to  day.  At  length,  Mr.  Barzilla  S.  Brown  gave  notice 
that  he  would  receive  and  distribute  to  the  troops  arriving  such  supplies  as 
his  friends  would  furnish ;  and  he  began  operations  upon  the  curbstone,  with 
eleven  pounds  of  coffee  and  a  saucepan.  This  was  the  humble  origin  of  two 
institutions  of  brotherly  love,  which  have  made  the  name  of  Philadelphia  a 
blessed  one  on  the  lips  of  the  American  soldier.  The  two  saloons,  in  imme- 
diate proximity  to  each  other — the  one  a  Boat-House,  the  other  a  Cooper-Shop 
— were  fitted  up  by  different  groups  of  philanthropic  citizens,  and  put  in  a  con- 
dition to  receive  and  refresh  the  passing  troops.  The  Eighth  New  York  was 
the  first  regiment  to  receive  the  hospitality  of  the  Boat-House,  while  the 
Cooper-Shop  extended  its  earliest  greeting  to  the  Seventh  of  the  same  state. 
The  officers  of  these  two  establishments  were  as  follows : 

UNION    VOLUNTEER   REFRESHMENT   SALOON. 

Chairman,  Recording  Secretary, 

ARAD  BARROWS.  J.  B.  WADE. 

Corresponding  Secretary,  Treasurer, 

ROBERT  R.  CORSON.  B.  S.  BROWN. 

Steward,  Physician, 

J.  T.  WILLIAMS.  E.  WARD. 

COOPER-SHOP   REFRESHMENT   SALOON. 

President, 
WM.  M.  COOPER. 

Vice-Presiden  ts, 
WILLIAM  SPROLE,  ARTHUR  S.  SIMPSON. 

Recording  Secretary,  Corr  expanding  Secretary, 

WM.  M.  MAULL.  EDWARD  J.  HERATY. 

Treasurer,  Storekeeper, 

ADAM  M.  SIMPSON.  CHRISTOPHER  H.  JACOBY. 

Establishments  of  this  kind  are  best  described  by  those  who  have  seen 

them  in  operation.     We  therefore  condense  the  description  of  an  eye-witness  : 

u  The  wash-room,"  we  read  in  an  account  of  the  Volunteer  Saloon,  "is  an 


THE  UNION   VOLUNTEER  REFRESHMENT  SALOON.  417 

important  department.  Here  clean  towels  and  cool  water  are  furnished  in 
abundance,  so  that  one  company  can  bathe  and  speedily  make  room  for  an- 
other. Few  are  aware  with  what  hearty  relish  the  dusty  soldier  avails  him- 
self of  this  privilege  of  a  bath.  The  eating-rooin-  which  formerly  accommo- 
dated four  hundred  and  fifty  persons,  will  now  hold  twelve  hundred.  The 
officers  are  seated,  the  men  taking  their  food  standing — an  agreeable  relief  after 
their  long  ride  in  the  cars.  The  food  furnished  is  better  than  the  average 
obtained  at  a  city  hotel,  the  bill  of  fare  embracing  beef  cooked  in  every  style, 
ham,  pickles,  excellent  bread,  sweet  and  common  potatoes,  tea  and  coffee,  and 
often  cake  and  pies.  A  regiment  consumes  seven  barrels  of  coffee,  and  as 
many  gallons  of  tea.  A  good,  wholesome  meal,  thus  provided  in  bulk,  does 
not  cost  over  nine  or  ten  cents.  In  eight  minutes  after  the  room  is  cleared  of 
one  division,  the  tables  are  freshly  spread  and  ready  for  another. 

"  Attached  to  the  saloon  is  a  hospital  cottage,  for  the  reception  of  men 
taken,  sick  on  their  way,  or  for  wounded  men  going  home,  who  are  forced  to 
stop  upon  their  route.  Here  is  a  large  table  covered  with  writing-materials, 
where  the  soldier  may  write  his  letters.  An  attendant  takes  them,  stamps 
them  without  charge,  and  dispatches  them  by  the  bushel  basketful.  Large 
bundles  of  the  daily  papers  are  ready  for  distribution.  So  it  appears  that  the 
American  trooper's  programme  on  arriving  in  Philadelphia  is  as  follows  :  he 
first  performs  his  ablutions,  then  he  eats  his  breakfast ;  after  that  he  writes  to 
his  wife,  and  then  he  reads  the  news.  The  Baltimore  train  is  now  ready,  and 
he  bids  farewell  to  Philadelphia,  in  the  hope  that  his  journey  homeward,  if 
he  lives  to  make  it,  may  lie  that  way." 

A  little  pamphlet  of  twelve  pages,  four  inches  by  two  and  a  half,  is  pub- 
lished by  Mr.  Corson,  an  officer  of  this  association.  It  is  entitled  "  The  Sol- 
dier's Guide  in  Philadelphia,"  and  is  distributed  far  and  wide  gratuitously. 
It  contains  engravings  of  the  saloon  and  of  the  hospital  attached  to  it ;  a 
list  of  their  officers ;  directions  how  to  dispense  with  carriages ;  time-tables 
of  railroads  and  steamboats;  a  cordial  invitation  to  breakfast,  dinner,  and 
supper,  without  charge  ;  a  guide  to  all  places  of  interest,  and  an  ingenious 
diagram,  explaining  the  plan  of  the  numbering  of  the  streets.  This  useful 
little  volume  opens  with  the  following  apt  quotations  : 

POMPET. — Let  me  shake  thy  hand  : 
I  have  seen  thee  fight. 

— AXTOXT  AND  CLEOPATRA,  If.  6. 


27 


MESSEXGER. — He  hath  done  good  service  in  these  wars. 

— MUCH  ADO  ABOUT  NOTHING,  T.  1. 


418 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


What  has  been  said  of  the  mechanism  of  one  of  these  saloons  will 
answer  in  every  respect  for  the  other.  The  Cooper-Shop  increased  the  accom- 
modations with  which  it  started,  till  it  was  able  to  give  a  whole  regiment  a 
meal  together,  and  with  little  or  no  delay. 


THE  COOPEU  SHOP  REFRESHMENT  SALOON. 


A  hospital  was  soon  after  established,  with  twelve  beds,  the  number 
being  afterwards  increased  to  twenty-eight.  A  few  deaths  occurred,  and  the 
managers  of  the  Mount  Moriah  Cemetery  presented  the  committee  with  a 
plot  of  ground,  a  beautiful  piece  of  upland,  where  the  soldier  might  find 
a  resting-place.  It  was  enclosed  and  ornamented  the  next  year. 

The  committee,  in  their  first  annual  report,  made  the  following  remarks, 
the  justice  of  which  no  one  can  doubt :  "  The  effect  upon  the  soldier  of 
the  reception  and  treatment  that,  by  the  great  liberality  of  our  fellow-cit- 
izens, we  have  been  enabled  to  offer  him,  will  prove  to  be  of  the  most  lasting 
character,  and  beneficial  to  the  citizens  of  Philadelphia.  The  most  favorable 
impressions  have  been  made  indelibly  upon  his  mind,  of  the  kindness  of  our 
people.  The  reception  he  has  met  with  furnishes  a  theme  upon  which  he 
will  delight  to  write  and  speak.  Oar  city,  the  first  to  commence  this  work, 
has  shown  itself  to  be  well  deserving  the  name  of  brotherly  love  ;  and  we  are 
sure  there  are  more  well-wishers  outside  of  its  borders  to-day,  than  any  other 
city  in  our  Union  can  boast  of." 


THE  REFRESHMENT  SALOONS.  419 

The  two  saloons  have  been  supported  wholly  by  the  people  of  Philadelphia, 
who  have  kept  them  supplied  with  money,  as  far  as  money  was  needed,  and 
have  spread  their  tables  not  only  with  beef  and  potatoes,  but  with  fruit  and 
flowers  in  their  season.  Many  persons  have  been  regular  subscribers,  or 
rather,  as  there  was  no  registering  of  names,  expected  to  be  called  on  at  stated 
intervals  for  the  sum  which  it  had  become  their  habit  to  give.  Numerous 
summer  fairs  have  been  held  for  each ;  from  the  country  fifty  miles  around 
the  city  came  gifts  of  strawberries,  cake,  butter,  bread,  fruit,  while  the  city 
people  sent  ice-cream.  Sums  as  large  as  $5,000  have  been  realized  from  these 
festivals,  one  of  which  remained  open  nine  days,  and  received  thirty-six  thou- 
sand visitors. 


A   REGIMENT    AT    PIN  NEE. 


The  saloons  have  done  good  in  more  ways  than  one ;  a  single  example  of 
this  must  suffice,  as  follows:  "We  were  speaking,"  wrote  a  gentleman  in^a 
letter  to  Mr.  S.  B.  Fales,  one  of  the  officers  of  the  Union  Saloon,  "  of  the  de- 
moralizing influences  of  camp  life,  and  a  friend  remarked  that  while  at  East 
New  York,  his  regiment,  composed  in  large  part  of  farmers'  sons,  and  lads 
who  had  had  a  considerable  amount  of  moral  training  at  home,  had  become 
sadly  demoralized.  The  camp  was  surrounded  by  grog-shops,  and  the  rations 
were  of  the  poorest — filth)7,  insufficient,  and  not  half  cooked,  and  all  the  asso- 
ciations of  the  camp  were  evil ;  the  men  had  become  dispirited  and  disgusted, 
and  felt  that  no  one  cared  for  them  except  as  food  for  powder ;  and  though  he 
and  some  of  the  other  officers  endeavored  to  encourage  and  cheer  them,  they 
were  sullen,  and  seemed  about  ready  for  mutiny  and  desertion.  '  But,'  said  he, 
'  orders  came  for  the  regiment  to  march,  and  the  men  went  on  board  the 
steamer  much  as  if  they  were  going  to  the  gallows.  We  reached  Philadelphia, 
and  marched  to  the  Union  Volunteer  Refreshment  Saloon,  and  the  warm  wel- 
come, the  hearty  shake  of  the  hand,  and  the  ample  and  delicious  fare  served 


420  THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 

up  for  us,  put  a  new  spirit  into  the  men.  They  had  landed  in  a  mood  fit 
for  mutiny  or  desertion ;  they  left  Philadelphia,  feeling  that  they  were  the 
cherished  soldiers  of  the  nation,  loved  for  the  cause  in  which  they  were  to 
fight.'" 

The  statistics  of  the  work  done,  and  of  the  means  with  which  it  was  done, 
by  the  Cooper-Shop,  are  as  follows : 

Soldiers  fed  during  the  first  year 87,513 

Contributions  "  "          $13,10385 

Soldiers  fed  during  the  second  year 87,433 

Contributions          "  "        15,137  49 

Soldiers  fed  during  the  third  year 07,300 

Contributions          "  "         15,39548 

Soldiers  fed  during  the  fourth  year 44.745 

Contributions          "  "  14,085  01 


Total 316,991      $57,781  83 

Showing  an  average  cost  per  man  of  eighteen  cents,  notwithstanding  the 
high  price  of  provisions  during  the  past  two  years.  As  very  many  of  the  men 
took  more  than  one  meal,  the  average  cost  of  a  meal  cannot  be  placed  higher 
than  thirteen  or  fourteen  cents.  It  is  estimated  that  during  the  four  years  ten 
thousand  meals  were  furnished  to  soldiers  singly  or  in  squads  of  two  or  three, 
many  of  them  maimed  or  invalids  on  a  visit  from  the  military  hospitals. 
There  was  no  record  kept  of  these  odd  meals. 

The  soldiers  returning  by  brigades  together  from  the  war,  in  the  summer 
of  1865,  the  fifth  year,  tasked  the  energies  of  the  saloon  committees  to  the 
utmost,  and  the  fifth  annual  report  will  doubtless  show  that  their  closing 
labors  were  their  heaviest. 

The  following  are  the  records  of  the  Union  Volunteer  Saloon  for  the  same 
period : 

Soldiers  fed  during  the  first  year 161,270 

Contributions          "  "         $16,70000 

Soldiers  fed  during  the  second  year 124,012 

Contributions          "  "  18,03886 

Soldiers  fed  during  the  third  year 131,766 

Contributions          "  "  18,81193 

Soldiers  fed  during  the  fourth  year  to  July  1st,  1865. . .    195,083 
Contributions  "  "  •'  "  33,009  98 


Total 612,131     $86,560  77 

la  June,  1865,  this  saloon  gave  meals,  on  certain  days,  to  three  thousand 
five  hundred  returning  men  ;  some  of  them,  doubtless,  those  who  in  the  earlier 
days  went  through  Philadelphia  and  hoped  to  come  back  that  way. 


THE  VOLUNTEER   HOSPITAL  ASSOCIATION.  421 

It  was  soon  evident  that  these  establishments,  apparently  complete  as  they 
were,  needed  a  supplementary  department,  the  object  of  which  should  be  the 
temporary  care  of  the  wounded,  who,  as  they  left  the  cars,  and  before  they 
could  be  transferred  to  the  hospitals,  were  necessarily  thrown  upon  the  street, 
and  for  a  time  left  there.  A  number  of  mechanics  met  together,  discussed  the 
matter,  and  resolved  to  take  it  in  hand,  it  being  apparent,  to  quote  the  pre- 
amble to  the  constitution  which  was  afterwards  drawn  up,  "  that  the  govern- 
ment is  partially  unable  to  provide  immediate  relief  to  its  brave  defenders  who 
are  sick  and  wounded  when  they  reach  this  city."  A  vacant  lot,  close  by  the 
spot  where  the  soldiers  were  transferred  from  the  cars,  and  belonging  to  the 
Hon.  Josiah  Eandall,  was  placed  at  their  disposal  for  hospital  purposes  by  the 
owner.  With  sixty  dollars  these  men  commenced  their  generous  work.  They 
purchased  the  few  feet  of  lumber  their  means  would  allow,  and  for  a  time 
worked  with  their  own  hands  at  digging  holes  and  planting  posts.  Five  hun- 
dred dollars  and  thirty-five  thousand  feet  of  lumber  were  now  speedily  con- 
tributed, Mr.  L.  B.  M.  Dolby  obtaining  nearly  the  whole  of  the  lumber,  by 
donations,  in  one  day.  On  the  fifteenth  night  after  the  first  post  was  planted, 
three  hundred  men  from  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  were  provided  with  refresh- 
ments, medical  attentions,  and  beds.  This  establishment,  The  Citizens'  Union 
Volunteer  Hospital  Association,  was  organized  on  the  5th  of  September,  1862, 
with  the  following  officers : 

President, 
T.  T.  TASKER,  SR. 

Treasurer,  Secretary. 

CHARLES  P.  PEROT.  THOMAS  L.  GIFFORD. 

Board  of  Managers. 

JOHN  WILLIAMS.  GEORGE  W.  LOTT, 

EDWARD  H.  PYLE,  W.  L.  CLAYTON, 

FRANK  BAYLE,  JOHN  KILPATRICK, 

JOHN  II.  CLAYTON,  WILLIAM  R.  PIDGEON, 

DAVID  FOY,  JOSEPH  L.  GOFF, 

JAMES  EVANS,  SAMUEL  BAYLE, 

HENRY  J.  Fox,  DAVID  J.  STEVENSON, 

Louis  H.  GRUBB,  ALEXANDER  GREAVES, 

SAMUEL  W.  MIDDLETON,  ANDREW  KILPATRICK, 

JOHN  GOORLEY,  JAMES  I).  DOHERTY, 

HENRY  RUTTER,  EDMUND  HOPPER, 

WILLIAM  J.  VERDETTE,  JOHN  PARSONS, 

ANDREW  MCFETTERS. 

Additional  buildings  were  soon  required,  and  Mr.  Randall  gave  the  use  of 
another  lot  of  land.  The  hospital,  when  thus  enlarged,  covered  over  twenty- 


422 


THE   TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


five  thousand  feet  of  ground.  It  contained,  besides  the  reception-room  proper, 
two  dining-rooms,  a  bath-room,  wash-room,  laundry,  guard-house,  and  sur- 
geon's office.  During  the  first  year  thirty  thousand  men  were  received,  some- 
times twenty-five  hundred  in  a  day,  and  seven  hundred  have  slept  within  the 
walls  on  one  night.  A  committee  of  members  of  the  association  was  always 
in  attendance,  not  only  to  provide  refreshments  and  accommodation,  but  to 
take  charge  of  all  men  either  furloughed  or  mustered  out. 


F.KK    HOSPITAL, 


The  association  received  during  the  first  year,  besides  nearly  $20,000  in 
cash,  over  three  thousand  shirts,  two  thousand  five  hundred  pairs  of  drawers, 
one  thousand  pairs  of  stockings,  large  quantities  of  handkerchiefs,  sheets, 
pillow-cases,  towels,  wrappers,  lint,  and  linen ;  jellies,  preserves,  wine,  tea, 
sugar,  coffee,  and  numerous  other  articles  necessary  for  the  sick,  comforting 
to  the  convalescent,  and  not  to  be  refused  by  the  well.  Of  the  cash  receipts, 
over  $7,000  were  the  earnings  of  ninety-three  fairs,  lectures,  balls,  benefits, 
and  exhibitions. 

The  second  year's  receipts  were  over  $10,000  in  money,  and  a  correspond- 
ing amount  of  supplies;  the  association  cared  for  thirty-five  thousand  sick  and 
wounded  men,  and  furnished  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  thousand  meals. 
It  continued  its  labors  until  government  action  rendered  them  unnecessary. 

A  pleasant  story,  illustrating  the  almost  over-care  sometimes  bestowed 
upon  the  sick,  is  told  in  connection  with  this  establishment : 

"  An  old  lady  from  the  country  had  come  to  the  city  with  the  intention  of 
visiting  the  hospitals — a  bustling,  motherly,  kind-hearted  soul,  who  had  faith- 
fully discharged  all  the  duties  of  domestic  life,  rounding  them  off  with  the 
genial  tenderness  of  a  warm  and  affectionate  nature.  The  hospitals  were 
unexplored  wonders,  tempting  her  scrutiny;  and  it  may  not  be  unlikely,  too, 


UNION  RELIEF  ASSOCIATION  OF  BALTIMORE.  423 

that  the  romantic  sympathy  which  younger  women  cherish  for  courage,  espe- 
cially when,  in  defiance  of  danger,  it  has  brought  suffering  upon  its  gallant 
possessor,  quickened  the  blood  even  in  her  aged  veins.  At  any  rate,  the  old 
lady  adjusted  her  spectacles  and  smoothed  her  apron,  preparatory  to  a  minute 
examination  of  our  homes  for  suffering  heroes.  She  began  with  the  Volun- 
teer Hospital,  under  the  charge  of  Mr.  Barzilla  S.  Brown.  She  thought  that  a 
moderate  establishment  of  this  kind  would  be  an  easy  initiation.  Innocent 
rusticity!  The  third  bed  utterly  demolished  the  dear  old  lady's  self-control. 
She  had  stood  the  previous  ones  pretty  well.  It  is  true,  that  second  man — he 
with  the  dark-rimmed,  sunken  eyes,  and  pinched  features — made  his  visitor's 
lips  twitch  strangely  when,  in  mute  acknowledgment  of  her  kindness,  he  laid 
his  wasted  hand  softly  against  hers. 

"  But  this  third  fellow,  with  only  a  stump  of  a  leg,  and  a  still  less  stump  of 
a  life — somehow  the  spectacles  grew  dim  while  she  gazed  at  him.  At  least 
three  hundred  and  fifty  questions  were  flung  at  the  patient  as  to  the  poignancy 
of  his  sufferings,  and  three  hundred  and  fifty  more  to  elicit  all  his  wants. 
But  the  assiduity  of  physician  and  nurse  had  not  left  the  poor  fellow  the 
privilege  of  a  single  want — except  a  fevered  whim  that  happened  then  to  pre- 
sent itself,  for  chicken  broth. 

"Will  it  be  believed  that  the  next  day  brought  Mr.  Brown  sixteen  live 
chickens  ?  Sixteen  live  chickens  for  one  man's  broth ! 

li  But  not  for  one  man.  This  same  broth  is  very  often  craved  by  parched 
lips  and  fastidious  stomachs.  Mr.  Brown  received  the  gift  with  joy;  con- 
structed a  goodly  coop ;  and  now  solicits  further  contributions  of  these  birds. 
We  do  not  all  live  in  the  country ;  but  we  all  have  the  means  that  control  the 
products  of  the  country.  Then  let  us  follow  the  example  of  our  pleasant  old 
lady  from  the  country,  and  give  to  these  brave  sufferers  what  may  at  once 
gratify  their  tastes  and  hasten  their  convalescence.  Give  Mr.  Brown  more  live 
chickens." 

The  necessity  which  led  the  Philadelphians,  in  May,  to  establish  their  two 
refreshment  saloons,  made  itself  felt  at  a  later  period  in  Baltimore,  as,  owing 
to  the  attack  upon  the  Massachusetts  Sixth  and  other  regiments  upon  the 
19th  of  April,  the  troops,  for  a  time,  avoided  Baltimore  on  their  way  to  the 
South.  When,  however,  the  stream  of  men  again  began  to  pour  through  the 
city,  a  number  of  gentlemen,  moved  by  sympathy  with  the  tired  and  thirsty 
soldiers,  began,  though  without  concert,  to  make  personal  efforts  to  aid  them, 
if  it  was  only  to  give  them  a  cup  of  cold  water.  But  even  in  this,  their 
attempts  were  obstructed  by  the  police,  whose  sympathies  were  strongly  with 


424 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


the  rebellion.  They  were  driven  from  the  station  and  threatened  with  arrest, 
and  were  even  distrusted  by  the  soldiers,  who  expected  only  poisoned  water 
and  bread  at  their  hands.  But  the  devoted  pioneers  defied  the  police,  and 
reassured  the  soldiers  by  first  drinking  and  eating  of  the  bread  and  water 
themselves.  The  persons  who  had  undertaken  this  labor  now  came  together, 
and,  after  conference  and  discussion,  determined  to  work  in  concert,  and  a  call 
was  issued  for  a  meeting  of  Union  men,  to  be  held  on  the  28th  of  June,  for 
the  purpose  of  forming  a  permanent  organization  of  relief.  The  meeting  was 
held,  and  the  "  Union  Relief  Association  of  Baltimore  "  was  formed,  with  the 
following  board  of  officers: 

President, 
ARCHIBALD  STIRLING. 

Vice-  Presiden  ts, 
WILLIAM  ROBINSON,  WILLIAM  S.  RAYNER. 

Secretary, 
JOHN  T.  GEAIIAM,  afterwards  SEBASTIAN  F.  STREETEK. 

Treasurer, 
MARCUS  DENNISON. 


Executive  Committee. 


WARPS. 

IST — DR.  JAMES  ARMITAGE. 

2o — JOSEPH  H.  AUDOUN. 

3o — EDMUND  J.  WEBB. 

4TH — JONATHAN  J.  CHAPMAN. 

OTH — JOHN  W.  WOODS. 

GTH — JOSEPH  M.  GUSHING. 

TTH — GEORGE  C.  ADDISON. 

STH — WILLIAM  A.  WISONG. 

9TH — SAMUEL  E.  TURNER. 
IOTH — JOHN  A.  NEEDLES. 


WAP.  us. 

HTH — JOSEPH  T.  PANCOAST. 
12TH — HERON  C.  MURRAY. 
13TH — OTIS  SPEAR. 
14TH — AAEON  FENTON. 
15TH — RICHARD  KING. 
16TH — WILLIAM  COLLISON. 
17TH — GEORGE  F.  NEEDHAM. 
18TH — JOHN  SHOWACRE. 
19TH — FRANCIS  W.  HEATH. 
20TH — WASHINGTON  K.  CARSON. 


Aid  was  at  once  tendered  to  every  passing  regiment;  relief  was  extended 
to  the  families  of  Maryland  soldiers,  and  the  sick  and  exhausted  were  tempo- 
rarily entertained.  One  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  men  were  fed  during  the 
first  year,  and  two  hundred  thousand  were  supplied  with  water.  Eleven  thou- 
sand men  were  relieved  by  this  organization  alone  after  the  battle  of  Gettys- 
burg. During  the  second  year  the  number  receiving  aid  rose  to  three  hundred 
and  twenty  thousand.  Just  before  the  close  of  the  third  year,  the  rooms 
were,  at  the  instance  of  the  government,  turned  over  to  the  military  authori- 
ties, to  be  used  thenceforward  as  a  Soldiers'  Rest.  Upwards  of  one  million  of 
men — officers,  soldiers,  teamsters,  refugees,  in  addition  to  large  numbers  of 
disabled,  discharged,  and  furloughed  men,  had  been  welcomed  and  relieved. 


425 


Some  $80,000  of  the  expenses  had  been  paid  by  money  obtained  from  private 
sources ;  the  city,  state,  and  United  States,  having  also  contributed  to  the  sup- 
port of  the  association.  It  did  not  even  now  altogether  disband,  but  continued 
to  furnish  its  agent,  Mr.  Richard  King,  with  large  sums  monthly,  distributed 
in  useful  forms  among  Maryland  troops  in  actual  service,  and  in  the  army 
hospitals.  One  of  the  founders  of  the  association,  and  perhaps  its  most 
laborious  member,  Mr.  Sebastian  S.  Streeter,  at  first  Secretary,  and  afterwards 
Vice-President,  fell  a  victim  to  his  zeal — his  death  being  due  to  disease  con- 
tracted while  visiting  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

The  Pittsburgh  Subsistence  Committee,  performing  duties  precisely  like 
those  of  the  Philadelphia  and  Baltimore  Refreshment  Saloon  Societies,  was 
formed  on  the  3d  of  August,  1861,  with  the  following  officers: 


W.  P.  WEYMAN, 


AUGUSTUS  H.  LANE, 
BENJ.  F.  VANDEVORT, 
ROBERT  C.  AI.BREE, 
OLIYER  LEMON, 
HARRY  ROBINSCN, 
WM.  B.  EDWARDS, 
JOHN  MoQ.  WOODS, 
ERNEST  SCHWARTZ, 
FRANK  SEMPLE, 
W.  W.  YOUNG, 
CHAS.  L.  CALDWELL, 
GEO.  W.  McCLURE, 
THOMAS  CARNEGIE, 
B.  F.  WEYMAN, 
GEORGE  LITTLE, 
EDWIN  H.  NEVIN, 
GEO.  B.  EDWARDS, 
JNO.  I.  TRAVELLI, 
A.  U.  HOWARD, 
DR.  A.  FLEMING, 
MRS.  JOSEPH  ALBREE, 
MRS.  R.  C.  ALBREE, 
MRS.  J.  A.  LOWRIE, 


Executive  Committee, 
JOSEPTI  ALBREE, 


H.  M.  ATWOOD. 


Active  Members. 


Miss  ANNA  THAW, 

"  I.  B.  HAINES, 

"  MARY  E.  MOORHEAD, 

'•  HETTIE  MOORHEAD, 

"  H.  K.  WEYMAN, 

"  SABINA  TOWNSEND, 

"  MARIA  E.  LANE, 

"  LIZZIE  P.  ALBREE, 

"  KATE  DENNISTON, 

"  LIDIE  THAW, 

"  EMMA  KENNEDY, 

"  ALICE  KENNEDY, 

"  M.  BRUCHLOCKER, 

"  LIZZIE  ATWOOD, 

"  SIDNEY  LEMON, 

"  REBECCA  HOWARD, 

"•  MARY  HOWARD, 

"  SARAH  BREED, 

"  MARY  MAITLAND, 

"  MARY  ROBINSON, 

"  MARTHA  LOTHROP, 

"  ELLEN  MURDOCK, 

"  BESSIE  KENNEDY. 


Upon  every  train  approaching  Pittsburgh,  either  from  the  east  or  the  west, 
a  four-page  pamphlet  was  placed  in  each  soldier's  hand.  On  reading  it,  he 
found  himself  invited,  if  hungry,  to  take  breakfast,  dinner,  or  supper,  at  the 
City  Hall,  Market  Street ;  if  sick  and  wounded,  to  call  at  No.  347  Liberty 


426  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

Street,  that  his  case  might  be  attended  to ;  if  tired  and  sleepy,  and  he  was  to 
be  detained  in  the  city  over  night,  to  call  for  a  clean  and  comfortable  bed  at 
the  same  place ;  and  all  without  charge.  All  this  he  was  asked  to  do  "  on  the 
arrival  of  this  train,"  a  member  of  the  committee  promising  to  meet  him  at  the 
station,  and  impart  all  needed  information.  The  pamphlet  then  gave  the  time- 
tables of  all  the  railroads,  the  addresses  of  all  resident  United  States  officers, 
of  hospitals,  of  the  Sanitary  Commission. 

The  first  regiment  received,  the  Twenty-fourth  Ohio,  took  breakfast  in  the 
open  street,  the  rooms  not  being  yet  ready.  A  large  warehouse  was  soon 
opened  for  the  purpose ;  but  in  October,  the  committee  obtained  the  use  of  the 
City  Hall,  where  the  Alleghanian  amenities  have  been  since  dispensed,  to 
nearly  half  a  million  of  men,  at  an  expense  of  about  $50,000. 

The  need  of  a  home  or  temporary  hospital  was  afterwards  felt,  and  a  small 
room  was  fitted  up  for  the  purpose,  and  opened  on  the  18th  of  January,  1863. 
Forty-five  men  applied  on  the  very  first  day,  ten  of  them  on  crutches,  and 
twenty-one  being  without  the  means  of  obtaining  a  meal.  In  October,  a 
sleeping-room  was  added  ;  and,  early  in  May,  1864,  the  establishment  having 
expanded  till  it  occupied  the  entire  second  and  third  stories  of  the  building, 
the  new  Soldiers'  Home  of  the  Pittsburgh  Subsistence  Committee  was  for- 
mally inaugurated.  Speeches  were  made,  a  report  was  read,  and  Holmes'  Army 
Hymn  sung.  Every  member  of  the  committee  then  signed  the  following 
pledge :  "  We,  the  members  of  the  Pittsburgh  Subsistence  Committee,  pledge 
ourselves  to  buy  no  article  of  foreign  manufacture  during  three  years  or 
the  war." 

Another  labor  performed  by  the  committee  was  the  receiving  and  forward- 
ing of  hospital  stores.  From  January,  1862,  to  April,  1863,  supplies  of 
the  value  of  $65,000  were  thus  collected,  housed,  and  distributed.  This 
branch  of  duty  was  then  transferred  to  the  Christian  Commission,  which, 
at  this  period,  established  an  army  committee  in  the  city. 

The  necessity  of  an  establishment  of  this  kind  was  felt  still  later  at 
Chicago  than  in  the  Atlantic  cities,  and  it  was  not  till  the  17th  of  June, 
1863,  that  a  Soldiers'  Home  was  opened  there.  This  was,  and  still  is,  con- 
ducted by  ladies,  with  the  exception  of  the  president  and  treasurer,  these 
offices  being  filled  by  Mr.  Thomas  B.  Bryan  and  Mr.  C.  F.  W.  Junge.  In 
one  year,  ninety-seven  thousand  meals  were  furnished,  and  over  sixteen  thou- 
sand men  entertained  over  night,  the  money  value  of  the  aid  thus  given 
being  $50,000.  Both  supplies  and  money  were  obtained  exclusively  from 
individuals,  and  generally  in  sums  under  $50.  The  ladies  of  the  Home 


SOLDIERS'   HOME  AT  CHICAGO.  427 

attended  also  to  the  wants  of  sick  soldiers  at  private  dwellings,  sent  con- 
valescents home,  and  gave  the  last  honors  to  the  dead.  They  invited,  too, 
the  disabled  to  continue  taking  their  meals  at  the  Home,  while  attending 
courses  at  commercial  colleges,  and  seeking  to  render  themselves  indepen- 
dent. 

The  building  which  had  thus  far  answered  the  requirements  of  the 
Home,  now  proved  inadequate,  and  it  was  determined  to  establish  a  "Per- 
manent Soldiers'  Home."  To  purchase  suitable  grounds,  and  erect  upon  them 
the  requisite  structure,  would  require  larger  resources  than  could  be  obtained 
from  voluntary  contributions,  coming  in  gradually  and  in  small  amounts. 
This  matter  was  very  ingeniously  managed — President  Lincoln's  Emancipa- 
tion Proclamation  being  made  to  furnish  an  initial  working  fund  of  $10,000. 
It  has  been  stated  that  Mr.  Bryan  purchased  this  document  of  the  Chicago 
Fair  for  $3,000.  The  Executive  Committee  of  the  fair  presented  this  sum 
to  the  Home — the  destination  Mr.  Bryan  himself  desired  his  offering  to  take. 
Mr.  Bryan  then  gave  the  Proclamation  itself  to  the  Home ;  and  the  sale  of 
lithograph  copies,  and  other  methods  of  manipulating  it,  have  resulted  as  has 
been  stated. 

The  new  Home  was  opened  at  Fairview  on  the  13th  of  May,  1864.  It 
was  erected  on  the  lake,  near  the  grave  of  Douglas,  and  opposite  the  monu- 
ment to  his  memory.  "  It  is  not  unreasonable  to  expect,"  we  read  in  a 
report  upon  the  subject,  "that,  in  the  course  of  time,  hundreds  of  thousands 
wending  their  way,  either  from  curiosity  or  to  drop  a  tear  at  the  tomb  of 
the  lamented  statesman,  will  naturally  call  at  the  Home  to  view  some  relic  of 
the  strife,  and  take  a  war-worn  veteran  by  the  hand." 

Though  speaking  exclusively  in  this  chapter  of  soldiers'  homes  and 
soldiers'  refreshment-rooms,  we  do  not  mention,  individually,  those  which 
have  been  established  throughout  the  country  by  the  Sanitary  Commission. 
All  work  thus  done  has  been  sufficiently  covered  by  our  sketch  of  that  enter- 
prise. Nor  do  we  make  reference  to  the  numerous  institutions  of  the  kind 
supported  by  states  and  cities,  and  receiving  a  regular  sum  out  of  the  public 
purse.  Of  this  character  is  the  excellent  institution  in  Howard  Street,  New 
York  ;  of  which,  however,  we  may  say,  briefly,  that  though  created  by  legis- 
lative enactment,  and  sustained  by  an  appropriation,  it  has  always  received 
large  quantities  of  certain  sorts  of  supplies  from  individual  bounty.  Much  of 
the  black  and  white  muslin  with  which  the  city  had  been  draped  after  the 
death  of  President  Lincoln,  was  distributed  among  the  poor,  through  this 
establishment.  Nor  do  we  call  by  name — simply  because  no  one  volume 


428  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK 

would  hold  the  catalogue — the  innumerable  smaller  local  soldiers'  rests  which 
have  sprung  up  throughout  the  land.  What  has  been  said  is  but  little  more 
than  touching  the  key-note  ;  the  grand  symphony  remains  unsung. 

Intimately  connected  with  the  Volunteer  Hospital  Association  of  Phila- 
delphia, were,  and  still  are,  the  Fire  Ambulance  Companies  and  the  Transit 
Aid  Association.  These  originated  in  the  following  manner : 

On  Sunday,  the  8th  of  June,  1862,  the  hospital  steamer  Spaulding  arrived 
at  Philadelphia  from  the  peninsula,  with  three  hundred  and  thirty-four 
wounded  men.  The  surgeon  in  charge  made  arrangements  with  the  carmen, 
who  at  once  flocked  to  the  wharf,  to  carry  the  soldiers  to  the  various  hospitals, 
at  so  much  a  load.  The  work  was  so  bunglingly,  so  cruelly  undertaken,  that 
several  members  of  the  Northern  Liberty  Fire  Company,  No.  1,  tendered  the 
use  of  their  horses  and  wagon,  offering  to  fit  up  the  latter  as  an  ambulance, 
with  beds  and  pillows.  The  offer  was  accepted,  and  the  ambulance  was  soon 
on  the  ground.  The  men  of  the  Vigilant  Fire  Company  at  once  followed 
suit,  and  the  two  wagons  remained  at  work  till  the  boat  was  cleared.  The 
State  of  Maine  arrived  on  the  28th,  with  five  hundred  and  eighty -two  men. 
These  were  removed  by  the  Northern  Liberty,  the  Vigilant,  and  one  or  two 
other  companies.  On  the  evening  of  the  same  day,  the  Whilldin  arrived  with 
one  hundred  and  sixty  men,  and  the  ambulances  did  not  finish  their  work  till 
midnight.  On  the  first  of  July,  the  members  of  the  Northern  Liberty  held  a 
meeting,  at  which  the  following  resolution  was  adopted  : 

"The  Northern  Liberty  Fire  Company,  No.  1,  hereby  notifies  fire  com- 
panies and  others,  that,  on  the  arrival  of  steamers  with  sick  and  wounded 
soldiers,  their  alarm-bell  will  be  struck  eight  (8)  strokes  in  succession,  three 
times,  as  a  signal  to  those  who  wish  to  aid  in  conveying  the  sick  and  wounded 
to  the  different  hospitals,  and  furnishing  them  with  refreshments." 

The  effect  of  this  was  what  might  have  been  expected.  The  Daniel  Web- 
ster arrived  on  the  7th,  with  three  hundred  and  twelve  men.  The  bell  was 
struck  eight  times,  and  ambulances  and  people  flocked  from  all  directions, 
many  of  the  women  laden  with  refreshments.  It  was  here  and  thus  that  the 
Ladies'  Transit  Aid  Association  was  formed,  its  object  being  "to  aid,  relieve, 
and  refresh  disabled  soldiers,  on  their  way  from  the  wharf  to  the  hospital ;  to 
wash  and  bandage  the  wounded,  furnish  the  destitute  with  clothing,  and  in 
any  way  conduce  to  the  comfort  of  the  men."  Of  this  association  Henry 
Simons  was  president ;  John  D.  Ruoff,  vice-president ;  Samuel  B.  Savin,  secre- 
tary ;  and  John  Mickle,  Jr.,  treasurer.  The  ambulance  committee  consisted 
of  William  W.  Westcott,  John  Marr,  John  Gillam,  and  William  N.  Swallow. 


PHILADELPHIA  FIRE  AMBULANCES. 


429 


FIltE   AMBtTLASOB. 


When  the  bell  struck,  the  members  of  the  association  would  assemble  at 
the  Northern  Liberty  Engine-House — arranged  as  a  sort  of  hospital  store- 
room ;  the  ladies  would  get  into  the  ambulance,  and  all  would  proceed  to  the 
landing.  Aid  was  thus  rendered  for  about  two  years;  the  wounded  then 
ceased  to  arrive  by  boats,  and  the  society,  finding  itself  of  no  further  use, 
reluctantly  disbanded,  dividing  their  remaining  balance  among  half  a  dozen 
relief  associations  of  the  city.  To  return  from  this  digression  to  the  ambu- 
lances. 

During  the  two  months  of  July  and  August,  the  fire  companies  which 
entered  into  the  arrangement  conveyed  from  Callowhill  Street  wharf  to  the 
government  hospitals  no  less  than  four  thousand  men,  some  of  them  so  badly 
wounded  that  stretchers  had  to  be  employed.  Companies  joined  the  league 
from  time  to  time,  till  there  were  no  less  than  thirty -two  ambulances  belonging 
to  it,  each  with  its  own  span  of  strong,  safe  horses.  Some  of  these  vehicles 
cost  $2,000,  the  average  not  being  far  from  $800  ;  so  that  the  firemen  of  Phil- 
adelphia spent  fully  $25,000  upon  the  wagons  alone,  in  this  transfer  of  the 
soldiers. 

The  ambulances  were  so  constructed  that  they  could  be  made  into  beds, 
and  carry  three  badly  wounded  men  lying  down  (only  two,  if  very  badly 
wounded),  and  four  sitting  up.  A  slide,  occupying  the  space  between  the 
seats,  afforded  one  very  good  bed  ;  each  seat  another ;  and,  as  the  ambu- 
lance was  much  longer  than  the  average  length  of  a  man,  two  men,  sitting  up, 


430 


THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 


could  occupy  the  vacant  space  upon  each  seat  towards  the  front.  From  ten  to 
twelve  men  could  be  conveyed,  if  not  critical  cases.  Did  a  soldier  die,  in 
spite  of  kind  and  skilful  treatment,  the  ambulance  company  offered  their 
vehicles  to  his  family  and  friends,  without  charge — conveying  not  only  them, 
but  lodges,  associations,  and  the  firing-party.  If  a  soldier  must  die  elsewhere 
than  in  the  field,  the  best  place  to  do  it  is  certainly  Philadelphia.  It  would 
hardly  be  possible  to  say  too  much,  or  to  think  too  highly,  of  these  two 
schemes  for  the  soldiers'  benefit ;  of  the  womanly  tenderness  of  the  firemen 
nurses,  of  the  manly  devotedness  of  their  attendant  satellites,  the  ladies  of 
the  Transit  Aid.* 


*  A  late  report  gives  the  following  figures  of  the  work  done  by  the  lire  ambulances  : 


First  District  :  Men  conveyed. 

Delaware  Fire  Co.,  No.  1 590 

Hope  Hose,  No.  2 1,654 

South wark  Hose,  No.  9 2,285 

South wark  Engine  Co.,  No.  24 187 

Washington  Engine,  No.  14 1,061 

Western  Hose,  No.  26 250 

Second  District : 

Diligent  Fire  Co.,  No.  10 785 

Philadelphia  Fire  Co.,  No.  18 1,710 

Third  District : 

Assistance  Engine  Co.,  No.  8 803 

America  Fire  Co.,  No.  9 833 

Fail-mount  Fire  Co 1,220 

Good-Will  Hose  Co.,  No.  25 2,021 

Northern  Liberty  Fire  Co.,  No.  1 2,219 

The  Decatur,  Mechanic,  Good-Will,  Weccacoe,  Philadelphia  Hose,  Vigilant,  Good  Intent,  and 
Monroe,  kept  no  record,  und  therefore  made  no  report. 


Third  District :  Men  conveyed. 

Neptune  Hose  Co.,  No.  6 400 

United  States  Fire  Co.,  No.  21 4':0 

Fourth  District : 

Cohocksink  Hose  Co.,  No.  43 700 

Globe  Fire  Co.,  No.  SO 200 

Hand  in  Hand  Fire  Co.,  No.  1 225 

Kensington  Hose  Co.,  No.  30 31 

Northern  Liberty  Hose  Co.,  No.  4 1,678 

Sixth  District : 

Fellowship  Fire  Co.,  No.  27 781 

Seventh  District: 

Philadelphia  Fire  Co.,  No.  25 310 

West  Philadelphia  Hose  and  Steam  Fire 

Co.,  No.  3 500 


CHAPTER  xvh 

A   THANKSGIVING    DINNER   IN  THE   ARMY   AND   NAVY. 


DRUM-STICKS   OF   TWO    Kl.SlJS. 


THE  Soldiers'  Thanksgiving  Dinner  of  November,  1864 — a  repast  which, 
if  not  dainty  enough  for  Lucullus,  was  of  dimensions  that  would  have  satis- 
fied Gargantua — came  about  in  this  wise.  The  country  was  in  the  throes  of 
the  impending  presidential  election :  never,  perhaps,  was  it  more  indifferent  to 
turkey  and  cranberry  sauce,  nor  less  anxious  about  what  it  should  eat  and 
what  it  should  drink.  Still,  an  idea  too  big,  too  generous  to  be  kept  in  one 
brain,  had  occurred  to  an  individual  in  New  York,  to  whom  ideas  of  the  sort 
were  no  strangers,  and,  at  the  risk  of  confiding  it  to  an  unwilling  ear,  he  made 
it  public  by  addressing  certain  editors  in  the  following  lines : 

GENTLEMEN  : — President  Lincoln  having  ordered  a  general  Thanksgiving 
on  the  last  Thursday  of  November,  it  being  on  the  24th,  I  have  thought  it 
only  proper  that  something  should  be  done  for  the  army  and  navy  on  that 
occasion,  not  only  to  aid  them  in  keeping  the  day  properly,  but  to  show  them 


432  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

they  are  remembered  at  home.  My  proposition  is  to  supply  the  army  and 
navy  in  Virginia  with  poultry  and  pies,  or  puddings,  all  cooked,  ready  for  use. 
This  seems  to  be  a  big  undertaking,  but  I  do  not  see  any  difficulty  in  carrying 
it  out. 

My  idea  is  this :  there  will  be  about  fifty  thousand  turkeys — say  of  eight 
pounds  each,  and  fifty  thousand  pies,  or  their  equivalents,  required  to  feed  the 
soldiers  and  sailors  on  that  day ;  let,  then,  every  one  who  can  afford  it  and  is 
willing  to  send  and  prepare  such  articles  do  so,  and  make  up  a  barrel  or  box 
of  them  well  packed ;  have  them  ready  for  shipment  in  this  city  from  the  18th 
to  the  20th  of  November;  they  can  be  sent  (freight  free)  to  the  army  and 
navy  of  the  Potomac  so  as  to  be  distributed  the  day  before  Thanksgiving. 

It  would  be  a  grand  sight  to  see  that  army  of  brave  men,  loyal  to  the  flag, 
feeding  on  the  good  things  of  the  land  they  have  fought  for,  whilst  the  miser- 
able traitors,  if  they  still  hold  out,  are  crouched  behind  their  defences  hungry 
and  starving. 

#*####### 

G.  W.  B. 

The  attention  of  the  Union  League  Club  was  called  to  this  proposal  early 
in  November,  and  a  committee  was  appointed  to  co-operate  in  or  inaugurate 
the  movement.  The  committee,  though  convinced  that  nothing  could  be  done 
until  after  the  election,  issued  their  appeal,  to  the  effect  that  no  soldier  in  the 
army  of  the  Potomac,  the  James,  or  the  Shenandoah,  and  no  sailor  in  the 
North  Atlantic  squadron,  should  be  allowed  to  go  without  tangible,  turkey 
evidence  that  he  was  remembered  in  the  festival  season  of  the  year  by  those  for 
whom  he  was  perilling  his  life.  They  asked  for  donations  of  poultry,  cooked 
and  uncooked,  mince-pies,  sausages,  and  fruit.  From  those  who  could  furnish 
nothing  in  kind,  they  would  accept  liberal  contributions  in  money.  The 
express  companies  would  convey  Thanksgiving  boxes  without  charge  to  New 
York  ;  the  committee  would  attend  to  their  transportation  south. 

The  election  well  over,  purse-strings  were  loosened  and  poultry-yards 
invaded.  The  turkeys,  who  had  expected  to  survive  as  usual  till  the  last 
week  in  November,  may  naturally  have  been  indignant  at  the  premature  fate 
which  cut  them  off  in  the  prime  of  life  and  the  middle  of  the  month.  Doubt- 
less many  of  them  determined,  then  and  there,  that  they  would  not  keep ;  and 
it  is  sad  to  be  compelled  to  say  that  some  few  of  them  kept  this  oath,  if 
nothing  else.  One  incident  in  the  experience  of  Mr.  Roosevelt,  the  treasurer, 
and  one  extract  from  his  correspondence,  must  suffice  in  this  connection : 


THE   AMERICAN  BIRD.  433 

A  lady,  on  her  dying  bed,  and  forewarned  that  on  Thanksgiving  Day  she 
would  be  where  praise  is  offered  up,  not  by  days,  but  during  the  ages,  charged 
her  husband,  in  case  the  warning  were  fulfilled,  to  give  Mr.  Roosevelt  one 
hundred  dollars,  for  the  soldiers,  in  her  name. 

The  letter,  one  in  a  thousand,  read  as  follows  : 

BROOKLYN,  November  19th.  1864. 
THEODORE  ROOSEVELT,  ESQ.  : 

SIR  : — Enclosed  you  will  find  five  dollars,  the  contribution  of  an  officer's 
wife,  to  help  swell  the  amount  already  large,  to  procure  for  our  dear  soldiers  a 
dinner  on  Thanksgiving  Day.  They  have  most  bravely  earned  it,  and  will 
highly  appreciate  this  remembrance  of  them  by  "loved  ones  at  home."  As 
my  husband  is  now  in  the  valley  of  the  Shenandoah,  my  sympathies  naturally 
flowr  in  that  direction.  He  will  be  especially  remembered.  But  I  feel  for 
the  soldiers,  whose  privations  are  necessarily  greater  than  those  of  officers, 
and  who  will  be  enabled  to  endure  them  with  more  fortitude,  knowing  that 
they  are  remembered  by  those  who  are  engaged  in  the  great  work  with  their 
hearts  if  not  their  hands. 

Very  respectfully  yours, 

E.  S.  A. 

Room  must  also  be  had  for  a  brief  poem,  as  follows: 

Please  find  enclosed  Be  it  turkey, 

My  little  mite.  Goose  or  hen. 

To  give  the  soldiers  I  don't  care  which. 

An  extra  bite.  If  it  suits  them. 

A  newspaper  article,  from  which  the  following  is  an  extract,  greatly  stimu- 
lated the  public  bounty : 

"  Let  us  turn  now  from  the  screaming  of  one  American  bird  to  the  slaugh- 
ter and  roasting  of  another.  The  eagle  has  had  his  turn  on  'a  thousand 
hills ;'  turn  we  now  to  the  turkey,  and  turn  him  on  tens  of  thousands  of  spits. 
No  tent  should  be  without  that  noble  bird  for  a  Thanksgiving  feast.  The 
young  men  who  will  recall  on  that  day  the  loved  faces  around  the  fireside  at 
home,  the  games  of  ball  on  village  greens,  the  shooting-matches,  the  skating 
frolics  on  Northern  ponds,  the  sleighing  parties  over  New  England  hills,  the 
dance  in  the  evening,  the  dear  'girls  they  have  left  behind  them,'  must  not 
sit  down  to  a  Thanksgiving  dinner  of  hard  tack  and  salt  pork.  All  else 
of  festivity  he  must  forego — except  the  shooting-matches  where  men  are  the 
targets — but  of  eating  give  him  enough.  Fill  him  full  with  turkey  !  Fill  his 

28 


434  THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 

mouth  as  well  as  his  head  with  'merry  thoughts.'  Put  a  'drum-stick'  in 
every  fist  for  another  purpose  than  to  beat  the  long-roll.  Let  camp-fires  be 
reflected  in  faces  ruddy  and  redolent  with  turkey ;  let  the  fatness  thereof  be 
wiped  with  thankful  hand  from  beard  and  mustache.  Let  him  so  feast  on  tur- 
key that  its  memory  will  make  the  hours  short  in  the  lonely  watch,  and  fill  his 
dreams  in  a  shelter-tent.  The  lean  and  hungry  rebels  'are  fit  for  stratagems 
and  spoils;'  let  our  soldiers  be  'with  fat  turkey  lined,'  and  go  into  the  next 
honest  fight  with  traitors  with  turkey — the  good,  honest,  American  bird ! — for 
their  battle-cry ! 

"  It  is  little  enough  we  can  do  for  those  who  are  doing  so  much  for  us.  A 
surfeit  of  fight,  on  our  behalf,  deserves  at  least,  as  a  poor  return,  a  surfeit  of 
turkey.  Those  who  have  many,  send  many  ;  those  who  have  two,  send  one ; 
those  who  have  one  only,  send  that  to  the  soldier,  and  go  without  at  home. 
Better  a  dinner  of  herbs  with  the  love  that  has  sent  the  bird  to  camp,  than  the 
stuffed  turkey  and  the  thought  of  hard  tack  on  that  day  for  the  soldiers.  One 
day's  rations  to  the  brave  fellows,  and  let  it  be  turkey  roast,  with  all  the 
fixings.  The  army  of  the  Potomac,  the  army  of  the  James,  the  army  of 
Western  Virginia — let  not  a  single  mess  in  all  their  tens  of  thousands  be 
without  turkey  to  head  its  bill  of  fare  on  the  24th  of  November.  Though 
there  be  not  enough  left  for  seed  for  next  thanksgiving,  be  this  day  remem- 
bered as  the  Day  of  the  Feast  of  Turkey,  when  the  soldier  comes  home  and 
fights  his  battles  over  again  with  his  crutch,  for  the  instruction  of  his  children 
and  his  children's  children." 

The  committee  received  over  $57,000  in  money,  and  poultry  and  provi- 
sions valued  at  about  $150,000  more.  Messrs.  A.  and  E.  Eobbins  converted 
the  money  into  turkeys,  refunding  the  three  thousand  dollars  and  over  which 
were  legitimately  theirs,  for  the  transmuting  process.  The  collected  eatables 
were  unpacked,  repacked,  and  addressed  in  a  building  tendered  rent  free ;  the 
coopering,  packing,  and  carting  were,  for  the  most  part,  done  without  charge. 

Admiral  Porter  had  informed  the  committee  that  he  had  seventeen  thou- 
sand men  in  his  squadron,  and  he  thought  that  a  turkey  for  every  six  of  them 
would  be  ample  provision.  The  committee  thought  otherwise,  and  sent  the 
admiral  one  turkey  for  every  whist-party  on  his  decks — in  all  thirty  thousand 
pounds.  Mr.  Jerome  Chappell  and  the  steamer  Kensington  conveyed  this 
quantum,  uncooked,  to  its  destination ;  each  ship's  galley  to  do  its  own  roast- 
ing and  broiling.  At  Fortress  Monroe,  each  paymaster  received  his  vessel's 
allowance,  so  many  pounds  for  so  many  men.  One  gentleman,  getting  in  his 
share  a  few  ducks,  remarked  that  every  thing  was  welcome,  green-backs  or 


THANKSGIVING  IX  THE   ARMY.  435 

canvas-backs.  In  the  York  River  and  at  Norfolk  plentiful  distributions  were 
made,  and  four  hundred  pounds  were  happily  left  over  to  fall  to  the  lot  of 
some  incoming  blockader,  buffeted  by  the  storm ;  some  double-ender,  out  of 
pork  and  unable  to  make  her  two  ends  meet;  some  weather-beaten  craft, 
overcome  by  hard  tacking  and  harder  tack. 

Captain  Geo.  F.  Noyes,  a  gentleman  who  had  formerly  served  on  General 
Wadsworth's  staff,  assumed  the  duties  of  purveyor  to  the  army  of  the  Shenan- 
doah,  one  Sheridan  commanding.  He  left  New  York  with  fifty  thousand 
pounds  of  uncooked  turkeys,  and  arrived  at  Winchester  and  made  the  distri- 
bution on  Thanksgiving  eve.  The  weather  was  cold,  and  therefore  propitious. 
The  soldiers,  who  had  scant  appliances  for  roasting — few  spits  and  no  tin 
kitchens — had  plenty  of  stewpans,  saucepans,  pots,  and  kettles.  The  Shenan- 
doah  turkeys  were  most  of  them  reduced  to  soup,  broth,  and  gravy,  and  in 
this  form  were  eaten  with  the  highest  zest.  u  It  ain't  the  turkey  so  much,  it's 
the  idea,"  said  an  enlisted  man  to  Captain  Noyes.  "  It  is  not  the  violets,"  said 
the  belle  of  the  season,  "  I  could  have  bought  them  myself,  but  it  shows  he  has 
not  forgotten  his  Eliza."  "I  am  confident,"  wrote  General  Sheridan,  "that  at 
this  moment,  now  Thanksgiving  Day,  many  of  our  soldiers  are  tacitly  blessing 
those  at  home  for  the  remembrance  so  substantially  manifested." 

To  the  armies  of  the  Potomac  and  the  James  were  forwarded  three  hun- 
dred thousand  pounds  of  poultry,  besides  an  enormous  quantity  of  dough-nuts, 
pea-nuts,  pickles,  periodicals,  apples,  gingerbread,  onions,  tapioca,  turnips, 
tracts,  and  other  vegetables  and  viands.  Mr.  Arthur  Leary  placed  his  two 
steamers — the  Charles  C.  Leary  and  James  T.  Brady — at  the  committee's  dis- 
posal. They  sailed  on  the  Sunday  and  Monday  before  the  festal  Thursday, 
having  on  board  some  four  thousand  boxes  and  barrels,  under  the  care  of 
Captain  T.  B.  Bronson.  The  turkeys  were,  for  the  most  part,  cooked,  being 
that  portion  of  the  people's  bounty  which  had  been  received  in  kind,  and  that 
part  of  the  committee's  purchases  which  the  hotel-keepers  and  bakers  of  New 
York  had  roasted,  either  without  charge  or  charging  only  the  actual  outlay. 
The  immense  labor  attendant  upon  the  unloading  of  the  steamers  at  City 
Point,  and  tbe  distribution  of  their  cargoes  among  the  various  corps,  was  suc- 
cessfully performed.  Several  of  the  more  distant  regiments  celebrated  the 
holiday  somewhat  later  than  their  fellows,  but  as  they  knew  the  poultry  was 
coming,  and  as  the  idea  was  more  than  the  turkey,  they  were  content  to  fast 
on  Thursday  and  feast  on  Saturday. 

So  much  for  Thanksgiving  in  the  armies.  But  the  public  bounty  did  not 
end  here.  There  was  hardly  a  hospital,  hardly  a  detached  camp  or  isolated 


436  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

garrison,  either  in  the  North  or  upon  the  border,  that  did  not  receive  its  share. 
The  New  York  Committee,  continuing  to  receive  stores  and  money  after  the 
poultry  steamers  had  left,  determined  to  supply  the  hospitals  and  forts  around 
the  city.  But  in  this  they  found  that  they  had  been  in  a  measure  forestalled 
by  the  Board  of  Brokers.  They  were  therefore  fain  to  supplement  the  provi- 
sion already  made,  by  additions  of  turnips,  cake,  apples,  and,  in  some  cases, 
turkeys.  They  offered  to  stock  the  larders  of  the  Baltimore  and  Annapolis 
hospitals,  but  the  Baltimoreans  and  Annapolitans  needed  no  help.  Some  two 
hundred  and  sixty  barrels  were  sent  to  Newbern,  and  eleven  boxes  to  the  iron- 
clad Dictator.  The  states  which  dispensed  their  hospitality  through  the  New 
York  Committee,  were  the  six  of  New  England,  New  York,  New  Jersey, 
Ohio,  Pennsylvania,  and  Michigan. 

Many  of  the  donors  of  turkeys  had  labelled  their  gifts  with  their  own 
names  or  initials,  and  not  a  few  received  letters  of  acknowledgment  from  the 
recipients.  A  trooper  in  the  Second  Cavalry  Division  of  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  thus  addressed  Mrs.  J.  N.  P.  : 

"MADAM  : — I  have  the  pleasure  to  announce  to  you  that  your  correspond- 
ent is  in  receipt  of  a  Thanksgiving  present  (a  voluptuous  turkey) — one  of 
those  that  we  have  frequently  read  about  in  ancient  history.  To  describe  it 
would  be  impossible.  The  taste  of  a  soldier  down  here  upon  the  feathered 
tribe  can  scarcely  be  pictured  ;  but  altogether,  I  pronounce  it  elegant,  and  it 
would  make  a  hungry  man's  soul  feel  proud.  We  cannot  extend  sufficient 
manifold  kindness  towards  the  ladies  of  New  York.  Although  I  am  a  Penn- 
sylvanian  myself,  it  appeared  to  me  that  it  was  my  lot  to  be  the  happy 
recipient  of  the  above-named  fowl.  These  friends  are  the  means  of  restoring 
new  vigor  to  the  hearts  and  lives  of  the  soldiers,  knowing  that  part  of  the 
human  sex  (the  ladies)  are  for  the  preservation  of  the  Union  and  our 
glorious  country,  which  braces  us  up  to  fight  our  foe  and  enemies  of  the 
Southern  Confederacy.  Madam,  although  strangers,  when  such  luxuries  and 
delicacies  come  before  our  careworn  notice,  we  must  emphatically  say  we  can- 
not be  such.  I  must  now  close. 

"Your  ever  obedient  servant,  S.  R.  S." 

A  letter  conceived  in  a  more  sober  vein  run  thus  : 

"  CAMP  OF  143D  REG'T,  PEXK.  YOLS.,  November  27th,  1804. 
"  To  MRS.  R.  S.,  and  OTHERS,  who  have  remembered  the  soldiers: 

"DEAR  MADAM  AND  FRIENDS: — Upon  this  beautiful  Sabbath  morning. 
I  have  the  honor  and  extreme  pleasure  to  acknowledge,  in  behalf  of  three 


THANKSGIVING   IN  THE   HOSPITALS. 


437 


hundred  and  thirty-six  enlisted  members  of,  and  present  with,  the  One  Hun- 
dred and  Forty-third  Regiment,  Penn.  Vols.,  the  reception  of  one  hundred  and 
sixty -eight  pounds  of  roasted  turkeys  and  chickens  ;  one  hundred  and  ninety- 
six  pounds  of  Spitzenberg  apples  ;  one  keg  of  apple  butter;  twenty  pounds  of 
cakes;  nine  minced  pies  ;  and  eighty-four  pounds  of  vegetables,  from  parties 


Oyster  sonp.  Boiled  turkey,  oyster 

Boast  turkey,  cranberry         sauce, 

sauce  Boiled  ham, 

Eoast  beef,  Giblet  pie, 

Oyster  pie. 


VEGETABLES. 

Celery,  Mashed  turnips, 

Mashed  potatoes,  Apple  sauce. 

DESSEET. 


Blanc  manse, 
French  coffee. 


Charlotte  Ensse, 
Pumpkin  pie, 


A.  SOLDIER'S  BILL  OF  FARE  FOB  THANKSGIVING  DAT. 


unnamed  ;  also,  one  box  of  choice  delicacies,  tastefully  packed  with,  roasted 
turkeys  and  chickens,  cakes  and  pies,  from  Mrs.  R  Scott,  of  Oswego  City,  New 
York,  as  'Thanksgiving  offerings  to  the  brave  defenders  of  our  country.' 
Although  arriving  two  days  after  the  appointed  Thanksgiving  Day,  they  were 
nevertheless  quite  as  acceptable  and  as  highly  appreciated  upon  the  26th  as 
they  could  possibly  have  been  upon  the  24th  of  November. 

"My  pen  has  not  the  powers  of  description  that  would  do  justice  to  the 
advent  of  these  home  remembrances  among  us — scenes  which  stir  to  the 
depths  the  feelings  of  sturdy  men,  with  twenty-seven  months  of  hard  service, 
fraught  with  the  peril  of  life  and  limb,  in  front  of  relentless  traitors,  whose 
'loud  cannon-thunder  and  death-dealing  shots  have  but  nerved  them  to  suffer, 
to  do,  and  to  dare,'  for  the  maintenance  of  the  best  government  ever  insti- 
tuted by  man.  These  scenes,  let  me  say  again,  are  not  to  be  described — only 
to  be  seen  and  felt.  Therefore,  as  distributing  officer  for  this  regiment,  I  ten- 
der to  you  the  sincere  and  heartfelt  thanks  of  the  entire  command  for  your 
generous  Thanksgiving  offerings.  E.  U.  W., 

"Commissary  Serg't,  143d  Rcg't  Penn.  Vols." 


438  THE  TRIBUTE   BOOK. 

A  few  words  and  a  few  extracts  will  suffice  to  show  in  what  way  Thanks- 
giving was  kept  in  the  hospitals  at  the  North — the  tables  of  each  being  spread 
by  the  care  of  its  own  special  circle  of  ladies.  David's  Island  Hospital,  near 
New  York,  and  the  largest  in  the  vicinity,  celebrated  the  day  as  follows :  At 
one  o'clock  a  new  flag  was  raised,  the  convalescents  singing  the  anthem. 
Speeches  were  made  by  gentlemen  skilled  in  preparing  an  audience  for  a  feast 
of  turkey  by  a  flow  of  soul.  Then  came  dinner,  served  in  ten  mess-rooms, 
seating  two  hundred  persons  each — ten  ladies  and  gentlemen  being  detailed  to 
wait  on  each.  A  blessing  was  asked  upon  every  table,  and  then  the  carving- 
knife,  gleaming  in  the  sunshine,  was  plunged  up  to  the  hilt  in  what  has 
been  pronounced  its  fittest  scabbard.  We  give  a  soldier's  bill  of  fare  for  the 
24th  of  Novenber,  1864.  It  is  the  particular  bill  of  Fort  Schuyler ;  but, 
with  the  exception  of  the  music  of  the  band  of  the  Seventh  Infantry,  may 
serve  for  any  other  camp,  hospital,  or  garrison. 

Massachusetts  assumed  and  discharged  the  grateful  duty  of  furnishing 
the  dinner  to  all  the  soldiers  in  the  Washington  hospitals,  seventeen  thou- 
sand in  number,  without  regard  to  state  lines ;  and  this  in  addition  to  sup- 
plying the  Boston  forts  and  stations,  and  besides  taking  part  in  the  New  York 
subscription  for  the  armies.  Adams'  Express  carried  sixty  tons  of  Thanks- 
giving supplies  to  the  soldiers  from  Boston.  The  citizens  of  Maine,  informed 
that  a  regiment  of  cavalry  from  that  state,  stationed  at  Barrancas,  Pensacola, 
were  threatened  with  scurvy  and  kindred  afflictions,  resolved  that  they,  too, 
should  have  a  Thanksgiving  dinner,  and  that  it  should  be  anti-scorbutic,  even 
if  its  festive  qualities  were  somewhat  diminished  thereby.  Thirteen  hundred 
packages  were  soon  on  their  way  to  Pensacola.  The  camps  and  hospitals 
about  Pittsburgh  were  supplied  by  the  Subsistence  Committee  and  the  branch 
of  the  Christian  Commission  in  that  city.  Among  their  purchases  were  two 
hundred  barrels  of  apples,  ten  barrels  of  canned  fruit,  and  mince-meat  for  six 
thousand  pies.  The  church  collections  of  the  day  were  for  the  benefit  of  the 
Christian  Commission,  two  of  them  giving  over  $2,100.  The  troops  stationed 
at  Nashville  were  provided  with  their  dinner  by  the  people  of  Pittsburgh.  In 
the  Philadelphia  hospitals,  the  soldiers  were  enabled  to  celebrate  Christmas  by 
the  generosity  of  Mrs.  Dr.  Egbert,  who  placed  $5,000  in  the  hands  of  a  gentle- 
man for  that  purpose ;  and  the  distribution  was  made  among  thirteen  hospi- 
tals— several,  being  well  supplied  already,  courteously  declining. 

The  army  Thanksgiving  dinner  of  1864  cost  the  people  somewhat  over  a 
quarter  of  a  million  of  dollars.  This  would  have  been  a  large  sum  to  spend  in 
turkeys  and  cranberry  sauce,  if,  the  money  spent  and  the  turkeys  eaten,  the 


THE  TURKEY  AS  A  BEARER  OF  MESSAGES. 


439 


end  the  givers  had  in  view  had  been  attained.  But  the  soldiers  prized  the 
attention  more  than  the  gift ;  and  doubtless  the  revived  memories  of  home, 
and  the  renewed  assurances  of  sympathy  and  support,  were  more  precious  to 
them  than  all  the  poultry  in  the  North.  We  cap  purchase  fat  turkeys  for  so 


BARRELLING    APPLES   FOB   THE    SOLDIERS. 


much  a  pound;  but  if  these  turkeys,  sent  a  certain  distance  at  a  certain 
season,  can  be  made  to  bear  messages  that  no  other  fowl,  not  even  the  carrier- 
pigeon,  can  bear  as  well,  and  deliver  them  with  an  eloquence  that  belongs 
not  to  either  fish  or  flesh— if,  in  short,  it  has  been  agreed  that  a  turkey-gob- 
bler shall  be  looked  upon  by  the  receiver,  even  though  it  may  have  lost 
its  freshness  on  the  way,  as  an  expression  of  the  good-will  and  the  good 
wishes  of  the  giver,  then  the  question  of  cost  becomes  a  trivial  one  indeed; 
for,  whatever  the  sum,  the  return  will  be  a  hundred-fold. 


CHAPTER    XVII. 


UK  chronicles  have  hitherto  dealt  with  fairs  held  al- 
most exclusively  for  the  benefit  of  the  landsmen,  but 
at  last,  Jack  was  to  have  a  fair  of  his  own.  The  fact 
was  to  be  at  length  recognized  and  acknowledged,  that 
though  the  soldier  needs,  is  entitled  to,  and  shall  cer- 
tainly have,  every  aid  and  comfort,  while  he  is  a  soldier, 
and  as  long  as  his  wounds  incapacitate  him  for  labor,  be  is  nevertheless  a 
soldier  but  for  a  day,  a  month,  a  year.  The  sailor,  on  the  contrary,  is  a 
sailor  for  life,  by  profession.  He  does  not  doff  the  tarpaulin  and  don  the 
beaver,  when  the  army  comes  marching  home.  No  ploughshares  are  ever 
forged  out  of  any  utensils  of  his ;  there  is  no  agricultural  or  bucolic  use  to 
which  the  lately  belligerent  belaying-pin  can  with  propriety  be  put.  So  as 
Jack  was  to  stay  Jack,  and  thus  would  need  care  and  succor  long  after  the 
Sanitary  Commission  had  ceased  to  dispense  them,  the  good  people  of  Boston 
determined  to  build  a  Sailors'  Home ;  and,  being  for  sailors  of  the  Union, 


A   NATIONAL   SAILORS'   FAIR.  441 

not  for  sailors  of  New  England,  the  instrumentality  by  which  the  building 
fund  was  to  be  gathered,  should  be  called  a  National  Sailors'  Fair. 

It  was  principally  by  New  England,  nevertheless,  that  this  interesting 
work  was  done.  Philadelphia  had  a  table,  indeed,  and  Captain  Worden  for- 
warded certain  New  York  collections ;  but  there  was  many  an  unassuming 
Massachusetts  town  that  did  as  much  as  either ;  and  nineteen  twentieths  of 
the  sum  that  was  finally  made  over  to  the  trustees — exclusive  of  the  contribu- 
tions of  the  crews  of  United  States  ships-of-war — proceeded  from  New  Eng- 
land pockets,  from  Yankee  ingenuity,  from  Boston  thrift.  The  fair  opened  on 
the  9th  of  November,  1864.  Its  objects  and  its  officers  were  thus  briefly  set 
forth : 

"  According  to  the  rules  of  our  service,  those  who  are  suffering  or  invalided 
from  wounds  or  incurable  disease,  can  only  remain  a  limited  time  in  the 
hospitals — the  exception  being  a  service  of  twenty  years.  It  follows  that  very 
many  of  this  valuable  class  of  citizens,  who  have  braved  every  peril  in 
defence  of  our  flag,  are  and  will  be  cast  upon  the  world,  helpless  and  without 
the  means  of  support;  for,  to  those  whose  constitutions  are  broken  by  disease 
and  exposure,  no  pensions  are  allowed ;  and  to  those  who  are  disabled  by 
wounds,  an  entirely  insufficient  one  for  their  support  is  granted. 

"  Our  navy  has  increased  during  the  war,  from  a  force  of  ninety  vessels, 
manned  by  seven  thousand  six  hundred  sailors,  to  three  hundred  and  thirty-seven 
vessels,  manned  by  more  than  fifty  thousand.  The  large  ships,  now  in  course 
of  construction,  will  swell  the  number  to  at  least  sixty -five  thousand  men.  In 
view  of  these  facts,  the  necessity  becomes  apparent  of  new  benevolent  agencies 
to  meet  the  new  wants ;  and  among  these,  the  establishment  of  a  home  for 
disabled  seamen  is  imperatively  called  for  by  every  obligation  of  justice  and 
every  instinct  of  humanity,  in  order  to  relieve  the  large  amount  of  almost  un- 
recognized destitution  and  misery  even  now  pressing  upon  the  friends  of  the 
sailor." 

MANAGING   COMMITTEE. 

Chairmen, 
ALEX.  II.  RICE,  MRS.  JOHN  A.  BATES. 

Vice- Chairman,  Treasurer, 

THOMAS  RUSSELL.  JOHN  A.  BATES,  Paymaster  U.  8.  N. 

Secretary, 
MRS.  S.  T.  HOOPER. 


442 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


JAMES  STURGIS, 
WILLIAM  MUNROE, 
JERE  ABBOTT, 
GKO.  B.  UPTON,  JK., 
JOSHUA  CRANE, 
II.  IIUNNEWELL, 
E.  P.  WHIPPLE, 
FRANK  W.  ANDREWS, 
GEORGE  E.  LINCOLN, 

J.  F.  TUCKERMAN, 

COM.  GEORGE  S.  BLAKE,  U.  S.  N"., 
GAIT.  J.  S.  BERRIEN,  U.  S.  N.. 

SURG.  W.  S.  W.  RUSCHENBERGER.  U.  S.  N., 

PAYM'R  GEO.  F.  CUTTER,  U.  S.  N., 
MRS.  COMMODORE  DOWNS, 


MRS.  THOMAS  R.  LAMBERT, 

"  PETER  HUBBELL, 

"  E.  R.  MUDGE, 

"  J.  AMORY  CODMAN, 

u  GEO.  B.  OSBORN, 

"•  THOS.  RUSSELL, 

"  GEO.  B.  UPTON,  Ju., 

"  CHARLES  T.  TILTON, 

"  RUSSELL  BATES, 

"  C.  O.  WHITMOIJE, 

"  WM.  B.  SnuBinoK, 

u  LOUIS  M.   GOLDSBOROI'GH, 

"  STEPHEN  D.  TRENCHARU, 

Miss  J.  ROTCH, 

u  A.  FORBES. 


Mr.  Everett,  in  his  opening  address,  told  the  audience,  in  his  own  delight- 
ful way,  why  it  had  been  thought  a  duty  to  build  a  Sailors'  Home.  After 
describing  the  hardships  and  sufferings  of  a  sailor's  life,  "What  reception,'' 
he  said,  "  does  he  meet  with  on  his  return  ?  What  is  the  reward  which  the 
community  bestows  upon  him  for  all  that  he  has  encountered  in  its  service  ? 
Does  he  find  a  peaceful,  quiet,  well-ordered  home?  Sometimes  he  finds  it 
under  a  roof  which  he  may  call  his  own,  or  in  some  public  establishment  pro- 
vided by  the  good  Samaritans  of  the  country.  But,  nine  times  out  of  ten, 
the  case  is  far  different.  If  he  comes  home  in  a  sailing-vessel,  before  the  sails 
are  furled,  one  of  those  devils  whose  name  is  legion  comes  on  board  with  a 
bottle  of  rum  in  his  pocket.  As  soon  as  he  reaches  the  land,  or,  if  he  is  in  a 
public  ship,  as  soon  he  is  paid  off  and  set  at  liberty,  the  first  thing  he  wants  is 
lodgings.  It  seems  as  though  there  was  no  power  on  earth  to  pity  him,  no 
hand  to  save.  Poor  Jack !  he  cannot  go  to  the  Parker  House,  and  the  evil 
spirits  that  have  him  in  tow  take  care  not  to  carry  him  to  one  of  the  temper- 
ance lodging-houses;  and  so  he  falls  almost  of  necessity  into  the  clutches  of  a 
landlord — dreadful  name ! — until,  his  money  spent,  with  spirit  broken,  and 
despondent  by  his  condition,  and  to  escape  starvation,  he  enlists  again  in  the 
service. 

"  It  is  not  his  own  fault  altogether  that  he  does  not  do  better.  He  should 
have  some  encouragement ;  but  who  cares  for  old  tarry  Jack  ?  What  do  we 
do  thoroughly  and  effectually  to  guard  against  these  frauds  and  casualties 
which  I  have  explained?  My  friends,  we  must  make  allowance  for  the  short- 
comings of  poor  Jack.  He  did  not  have  our  opportunities  in  early  life;  he 
was  born  in  a  condition  of  hopeless  poverty,  and,  after  the  burden  of  life  had 
weighed  heavily  upon  his  young  heart,  he  had  to  go  to  sea  to  get  his  living. 


A   HOME   FOR   POOR  JACK. 

He  was  a  little  wild  and  reckless,  perhaps  ;  but  he  was  an  honest  youth.  He 
was  the  darling  of  his  mother ;  he  was  the  despot  of  half  the  boys  in  the  vil- 
lage ;  he  was  the  torment,  but  the  delight,  of  the  village  girls  ;  he  was  flogged 
daily  by  the  schoolmaster,  who,  on  Wednesdays  and  Saturdays,  flogged  him 
twice  in  the  morning,  because  school  did  not  keep  in  the  afternoon.  It 
happened,  perhaps,  on  one  occasion  when  this  agreeable  operation  was  being 
performed,  that  Jack  clenched  his  master,  who  came  off  second  best  in  the 
encounter. 

"  Next  night  he  took  an  irregular  method  of  preventing  the  squire's  favor- 
ite tree  from  being  broken  down  under  the  weight  of  its  fruit,  and  next 
morning  he  found  it  convenient  to  run  away  and  go  to  sea.  This  is  the 
early  history  of  many  a  gallant  and  noble  tar.  He  was  not  malignaat,  he 
was  not  desperate,  he  would  not  do  a  mean  thing  for  the  world ;  and  he 
makes  a  capital  sailor,  removed  from  temptation,  and  held  to  regular  and 
constant,  but  not  severe  labor.  True  as  steel,  brave  as  a  lion  in  the  hour 
of  danger,  he  is  something  to  us  as  he  sits  upon  the  deck,  passing  the 
lonely  hours  in  his  night-watch.  He  has  many  an  opportunity  to  think  of 
the  mother  and  sister  that  are  weeping  over  his  absence  ;  and  there  is  no 
reason  on  earth  why  he  should  not  come  back  to  be  the  comfort  and  prop 
of  that  home,  and  with  each  succeeding  voyage  bring  back  something,  to 
make  the  hearts  of  the  old  people  dance  with  joy.  There  is  many  and  many 
a  repentant  sigh  that  mingles  with  the  gale ;  many  a  virtuous  resolution 
that  responds  to  the  cry  of  '  All  hands  on  deck,'  which  calls  the  poor 
fellow,  drenched  and  chilly,  stiff  and  sore,  to  mount  the  shrouds  in  a  winter's 
storm. 

"But  it  is  all  in  vain.  The  moment  he  lands,  the  demons,  as  I  have 
called  them,  are  upon  him.  They  cheat,  they  plunder,  they  drug  him,  they 
ruin  his  health,  perhaps  for  life,  and,  as  I  said  before,  they  crowd  him  off  to 
sea.  But  perhaps  some  one  will  say,  why  don't  he. go  home,  where  he  will 
be  safe  ?  Home — home  for  poor  Jack?  Why,  half  the  time  he  never  had  a 
home.  He  was  the  orphan  child  of  a  widowed  mother ;  he  has  no  home. 
'The  foxes  have  holes,  and  the  birds  of  the  air  have  nests,'  but  poor  Jack 
has  not  where  to  lay  his  head.  I  beseech  you,  if  you  love  Him  whose  words 
I  have  dared  to  quote — words  over  which  centuries  have  wept  tears  of  rev- 
erential sympathy — I  adjure  you  for  the  love  of  Him,  who,  when  He  was  rich, 
for  our  sakes  became  poor,  that  you  aid  with  your  abundance  these  honorable 
women  who  are  here,  seeking  to  rear  for  poor  Jack  that  which  he  greatly 
needs — a  cheerful  and  comfortable  home.'' 


444  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

The  fair  proper,  the  central  or  nuclean  display,  was  held  in  the  Boston 
Theatre,  and  the  visitors  could  attend  almost  any  other  exhibition  in  the 
city,  and  still  be  within  the  circle  of  the  great  naval  charity.  The  land- 
scapes at  the  Athenseum  were  in  one  sense  marines ;  the  battles  fought  by 
the  miniature  monitors  in  Monitor  Hall  were  genuine  sea-fights,  with  genu- 
ine powder  and  smoke ;  the  Kearsarge  had  twenty -five  things  on  board  worth 
seeing  at  a  penny  apiece.  The  criticisms  upon  the  amateur  artists  at  the 
Melodeon  were  exclusively  nautical,  Claude  Melnotte  being  pronounced  a  land- 
shark  for  telling  Pauline  such  a  yarn  about  his  palace  ;  and  every  old  salt  in 
the  audience  took  a  fresh  quid  in  honor  of  the  man  whose  grandfather  wedded 
the  Adriatic.  And  at  the  Music  Hall,  when  that  mighty  wind  instrument 
began  its  gruff  delineation  of  a  heavy  blow,  the  cheery  notes  of  the  boat- 
swain's whistle  piping  the  free  list  to  quarters,  were  easily  detected  by  all 
familiar  with  the  frog-pond  and  the  other  great  lakes.  It  was  indeed  a 
wonderful  naval  festival ;  friend  recognized  friend  by  the  cut  of  his  jib  and 
by  the  flowing  amplitude  of  his  trousers ;  it  was  not  indecorous  to  be  half 
seas  over  ;  the  man  who  had  said  to  his  wife  that  she  must  not  spend  so  much 
upon  her  bonnets,  felt  like  the  admiral  who  ordered  his  consort  to  take  a  reef 
in  her  topsails ;  the  schoolmaster  no  longer  spoke  of  his  ferule,  but,  shouting 
"  All  hands  ahoy,"  gave  each  one  a  rap  with  his  spanker. 

Without  pausing  to  rehearse  those  features  of  the  Sailors'  Fair  which 
were  no  different  from  those  held  in  aid  of  the  landsmen,  we  must  say  a  word 
for  Monitor  Hall.  This  was  an  enclosure  formed  by  a  mammoth  tent,  and 
consisting  of  a  circular  fragment  of  the  frog  pond,  eighty-five  feet  in  diameter, 
with  an  island  in  the  middle,  and  a  platform  for  spectators  occupying  the 
circumference.  In  the  centre  of  the  island  was  a  square  fort  and  an  earthern 
breastwork,  both  fort  and  breastwork  mounted  with  diminutive,  though  still 
deadly,  weapons  of  defence.  There  was  a  light-house,  and,  moored  off  the 
island,  was  the  rebel  Merrimac.  A  monitor,  one  twenty-fourth  the  size  of  her 
that  admonished  the  Merrimac,  with  steam  up  and  hatches  down,  lay  off 
the  fort,  taking  the  measure  of  the  battery,  and,  when  frowned  at — in  the 
manner  peculiar  to  batteries  and  gunboats — frowning  back  again.  Three 
times  a  day  the  following  instructive  little  pantomime  was  enacted :  the 
monitor,  with  her  helm  lashed  to  port,  so  as  to  carry  her  round  the  island, 
without  impinging  against  the  curbstone,  started  to  reconnoitre.  The  earth- 
work opened  upon  her,  the  monitor  replied ;  the  band  played  A  Life  on  the 
Ocean  Wave ;  the  square  fort  thundered  forth  defiance,  the  monitor  belched 
again,  the  spectators  raised  an  encouraging  cheer,  and  the  monitor  returned  to 


AMATEUR 


THEATRICALS. 


Claude  Melnotte 
Colonel  Damas 
Beauseant  . 
Glavis     .        .        . 
M.  Deschapelles 
Landlord 
Caspar 

Capt  Dnpont 
Major  Desmoulins    . 
Pauline  . 

Madame  Deschapelles 
Widow  Melnotte  . 


MB.  GARDNER. 
ME.  BLUNT. 
MR.  Fox. 
MR.  BUCK. 
MR.  CHURCH. 
MR.  BONIFACE. 
MR.  HAUSER. 
MR.  BRIDGES. 
MR.  MILLS. 
Miss  SPOOXER. 
Miss  CHURCH. 
MRS.  GARDNER. 


MR.  CARPENTER. 


Cox  MR.  PLUMMER. 


CONTRIBUTIONS   OF  UNITED   STATES   VESSELS.  445 

her  anchorage.  On  the  first  day  of  this  exhibition,  Captain  Worden,  intro- 
duced by  Mr.  Everett,  narrated  his  experience  on  that  first,  most  memorable 
voyage. 

This  monitor  was  built  by  Mr.  Joseph  Kay,  foreman  in  Mr.  Charles  Knap's 
foundry  at  Pittsburgh.  At  the  sanitary  fair  in  the  last-named  city,  it  earned 
$16,000.  It  was  then  purchased  by  Mr.  Knap,  and  by  him  sent  to  fight  for 
the  sailors  in  Boston,  where  it  earned  $10,000  more. 

From  miniatures  to  mammoths  there  is  but  a  step.  A  gentleman  presented 
President  Lincoln  with  a  mastodonic  ox,  and  sent  him  to  the  fair  for  exhibi- 
tion. Mr.  Lincoln  sent  two  telegrams  to  the  managers,  the  latter  announcing 
what  disposition  he  had  made  of  the  gift.  The  dispatches  ran  thus : 

"  Allow  me  to  wish  you  great  success.  With  the  old  fame  of  the  navy, 
made  higher  in  the  present  war,  you  cannot  fail.  I  name  none,  lest  I  wrong 
others  by  omission.  To  all,  from  rear-admiral  to  honest  Jack,  I  tender  a 
nation's  admiration  and  gratitude." 

And  thus  :  "  I  present  the  mammoth  ox  to  the  Sailors'  Fair  as  a  contribu- 
tion." One  thousand  dollars  were  spent  in  witnessing  the  giant ;  and  two 
thousand  more  in  raffling  for  him.  This  mountain  of  beef  was  sent  to  aid 
the  landsmen's  cause  in  Chicago,  in  June,  1865,  where,  in  the  proper  place, 
we  had  a  glimpse  of  him — if  the  word  glimpse  may  properly  be  used  in  con- 
nection with  a  thing  so  vast. 

The  Charlestown  Navy  Yard  looked  with  sympathy  upon  the  Sailors'  Fair. 
The  workmen  contributed  articles  of  the  value  of  nearly  $900.  The  tars 
gave  a  concert  on  board  of  the  receiving-ship  Ohio,  at  which  Professor  Lock- 
wood  swallowed  a  twenty-two-inch  sword  ;  he  then  unsheathed  it,  and,  instead 
of  throwing  away  the  scabbard,  treated  it  with  every  consideration.  Paymas- 
ter John  A.  Bates  accepted  and  discharged  the  onerous  duties  of  treasurer. 

We  have  alluded  to  collections  taken  up  on  board  of  United  States  vessels. 
The  following  figures  give  an  idea  of  the  aid  lent  the  Home  by  those  who 
might  one  day  be  themselves  candidates  for  admission  : 

Minnesota $744  50         Colorado $463  50 

Sassacus 216  50  Marine  Barracks,  Brooklyn. . . .  352  00 

Eutaw ..'-•  90  00         Susquehanna 150  00 

Dawn 67  00         Allegheny 36  00 

Powhattan 115  00         Galena 100  00 

E.  B.  Hale 50  00        Agawam 155  00 

Perdita  and  Key  West 176  50         St.  Louis £38  16s.  5d. 

In  the  Hall  of  Trophies,  the  captures  exhibited  were  principally  naval  and 


446  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

maritime :  the  sword  surrendered  to  Commodore  Bainbridge,  when  he  took 
the  British  frigate  Java ;  a  knife  and  fork  which  fell  into  American  hands  on 
the  same  occasion  ;  the  flag  of  the  first  rebel  privateer  Savannah,  captured  by 
the  brig  Perry ;  shot  from  the  rebel  ram  Tennessee  ;  a  copper  hook,  made 
from  a  piece  of  the  galley  funnel  of  the  Congress  ;  the  drum  of  the  Alabama  ; 
rebel  torpedoes  picked  up  in  secession  waters ,  the  unacknowledged  flag  of  an 
unacknowledged  admiral ;  swords  presented  to  Commodore  Decatur  by  Con- 
gress, &c.,  &c. 

In  the  adjoining  anteroom  was  a  remarkable  piece  of  work,  to  which  the 
words  of  Eliza  Cook's  ballad  are  singularly  appropriate : 

"  I  love  it,  I  love  it,  and  who  shall  dare 
To  chide  me  for  loving  that  old  arm-chair!'" 

The  arm-chair  in  question  was  composed  of  fragments  of  wood  of  United 
States  vessels,  all  but  two  of  which  had  been  lost  in  the  war  of  the  rebellion. 
It  was  the  work  of  Acting  Master  Samuel  L.  Ilolbrook,  who  spent  in  this 
labor  the  leisure  of  stormy  days,  and  such  moments  as  he  could  save  from  his 
sleep  and  his  meals,  during  eight  months.  The  top  of  the  back,  carved  in 
imitation  of  rope-work,  was  from  the  Pennsylvania ;  the  two  side-pieces  were 
from  the  Cumberland;  the  upper  posts  from  trunnions  of  the  Monitor;  the 
upper  arms  from  the  Merrimac ;  the  back  from  the  Congress  ;  the  seat  from 
the  Pennsylvania  and  United  States.  In  the  remainder  of  the  chair,  inclu- 
ding drawers,  were  mementoes  of  the  Constitution,  Raritan,  Delaware,  Colum- 
bus, Columbia,  and  Germantown  ;  and  the  fringe  and  tassels  contained  a  por- 
tion of  the  flag  borne  by  the  Constitution  when  she  captured  the  Guerriere. 
Two  small  metal  guns,  made  from  one  of  the  Merrimac's  cannon,  were  sta- 
tioned on  each  side  of  it,  and  defended  the  approaches.  This  unique  settee 
was  disposed  of  by  raffle  for  $300. 

The  skating-pond,  which  had  acted  as  a  delightful  refrigerant  at  the  mid- 
summer fairs,  was  now  somewhat  in  keeping  with  the  season,  and  afforded  a 
charming  lesson  in  a  graceful  but  perilous  art.  This  ingenious  toy.  a  lady's 
work,  has  been  worth  to  the  soldiers'  and  sailors'  cause  nearly  $10,000. 

There  was  some  historic  tea  at  the  Sailors'  Fair.  If  it  was  hyson,  it  was 
not  young  hyson ;  and  if  it  was  oolong,  it  was  o'er  long  ago.  It  seems  that 
Mr.  Lot  Cheever,  who  was  one  of  the  party  engaged  in  throwing  the  tea 
overboard  in  Boston  Harbor,  on  the  10th  of  February,  1774,  stopped  on  his 
way  from  the  scene  of  action,  at  the  house  of  Colonel  Abner  Cheever,  in 
Saugus,  to  change  his  dress,  he  being  then  in  the  disguise  of  an  Indian. 


A  GOOD  REASON   FOR  A   SAILORS'    HOME. 


447 


His  shoes  were  full  of  tea ;  and  an  old  lady  of  the  family,  collecting  a  quan- 
tity of  the  precious  herb,  and  foreseeing,  with  wonderful  prescience,  that  it 
would  one  day  be  more  interesting  to  gaze  at,  than  to  use  in  the  form  of  a 
decoction,  preserved  it  for  the  Sailors'  Fair. 


ONE    REASON,  OUT   OF   FIFTY,  FOR    A    8AII.ORS'    IlnMR. 


The  Bostonians  voted  army  and  navy  swords  away,  and  in  unexpected 
directions.  In  the  navy  campaign,  the  contest  lay  between  Admiral  Farragut 
and  Captain  Winslow,  until  the  last  day  of  the  canvass,  when  a  solid  contri- 
bution, forwarded  from  the  quarter-deck  and  forecastle  of  the  Brooklyn, 
settled  the  struggle  in  favor  of  Captain  Alden,  of  the  Brooklyn  aforesaid. 
General  Sheridan  stood  far  in  advance  upon  the  army  list,  when  a  gentleman, 
unwilling,  doubtless,  that  West  Point  should  bear  off  all  the  honors,  put 
General  Butler  ahead  of  all  his  rivals,  and  out  of  reach  of  further  com- 
petition. 

The  General  Charles  Griffin  was  perhaps  the  most  remarkable  piece  of 
mechanism  exhibited  at  this  or  any  other  army  and  navy  fair.  The  Griffin 
was  a  miniature  steam-engine,  made  by  two  soldiers  of  the  Forty-fourth  New 
York,  or  Ellsworth  Avengers.  It  was  fourteen  inches  long  by  twelve  high, 
and  was  composed  entirely  of  picked-up  materials.  The  boiler  had  been  an  oil- 
can ;  the  furnace,  the  fragment  of  a  camp-kettle ;  the  smoke-stack  was  fashioned 
from  a  table-tray ;  the  cylinder,  from  a  musket-barrel ;  the  steam-chest,  from  a 


448  THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 

door-plate ;  the  steam- whistle,  from  the  mouth-piece  of  a  bugle  ;  the  safety- 
valve,  from  the  lightning-rod  of  a  Rappahannock  mill ;  the  piston-rod  and 
crank,  from  pieces  of  a  musket  ramrod  ;  the  hub  of  the  wheel,  from  the  fuze- 
plug  of  a  rebel  shell ;  and  all  the  accompanying  braces,  rods,  spokes,  eccentrics, 
beams,  &c.,  &c.,  from  the  debris  of  a  Petersburg  battle-field.  The  Griffin's 
power  was  not  measured  by  horses,  but  by  sewing-machines  :  it  was  of  one 
sewing-machine  power. 

The  fair  would  have  been  incomplete  without  the  presence  of  living  wit- 
nesses to  the  necessity  of  a  Sailors'  Home.  Three  such  gave  their  personal 
testimony,  though  not  in  words.  There  was  the  once  able-bodied  Mack  of 
the  Brooklyn,  who  lost  an  arm  in  Mobile  Bay  ;  Walter  Grcenwrood,  who  was 
struck  blind  by  heat  in  the  engine-room  of  the  Massasoit,  while  cruising  in 
search  of  the  pirate  Tallahassee;  and  Dick  Dunphy  of  the  flag-ship  Hartford, 
who  lost  both  arms  by  a  shell  from  the  rebel  ram  Tennessee.  These  men 
were  disabled  in  a  moment  of  time  ;  yet,  to  be  entitled  to  a  home,  they  must 
have  seen  twenty  years'  service.  The  mutilated  patriots  told  a  story  unsur- 
passed for  power  and  eloquence,  without  opening  their  lips.  No  one  need 
read  either  appeal  or  circular  after  hearing  it,  as  narrated  by  those  armless 
sleeves,  those  sightless  eyes. 

The  receipts  of  the  National  Sailors'  Fair  were  as  follows : 

Cash  receipts  from  individuals,  ships-of-war,  &c $83,803  04 

Sale  of  tickets  of  admission 34,302  00 

Sales  at  tables,*  stations,  and  departments 164,175  80 


$282,370  90 

Expenses  of  all  kinds $25,121  93 

Transfers  from  the  treasurer  to  tables  and  stations,  and  by  them 

credited  in  their  accounts  of  sales 10,192  50 

• 35,314  43 


Total  net  receipts $247,050  4 ' 


*Thc  following  is  a  list  of  all  the  tables  of  tlic  fair,  and  of  tlic  ladies  superintending  them : 

Charlestown  and  Navy  Table. — MRS.  HENRY  LYON,  MRS.  CHARLES  MERRIAM,  MRS.  JOHN  W.  BLOD- 
GETT,  MRS.  JOHN  W.  DAMON,  MRS.  JOHN  S.  MISSROON,  MRS.  JAMES  F.  MILLER,  MRS.  FRANK  THOMP- 
SON, MRS.  GEO.  F.  CUTTER. 

Jfidnhipmen'1  ,s-  Tab'e. — MRS.  THOMAS  R.  LAMBERT,  MRS.  JOHN  II.  SIIERBURNE. 

Marines'1  Table. — Miss  LIZZIE  MARSTON. 

Jloxbury  Table. — MRS.  JOHN  S.  SLEEPER,  MRS.  WILLIAM  S.  LELAND,  MRS.  FRANKLIN  DARRACOTT. 

Dorchester  Table. — MRS.  WILLIAM  WALES. 

Jamaica  Plain  Table. — MRS.  W.  II.  S.  JORDAN,  MRS.  J.  C.  JONES. 

Newton  Table. — MRS.  WILLIAM  CLAFLIN,  MRS.  KINMOUTH,  MRS.  THOMAS  NICKERSON,  MRS.  WIL- 
LIAM LANE,  MRS.  LANGDON  COFFIN,  MRS.  DAVID  HOWLAND. 

Cambridge  Table. — MRS.  II.  W.  PAINE,  MRS.  CHARLES  SEYMOUR,  MRS.  H.  L.  EUSTIS. 


THE   NATIONAL  SAILORS'   SNUG   HARBOR.  449 

Here  is  the  nucleus  of  a  fund  from  which,  in  due  time,  shall  arise  a 
National  Sailors'  Snug  Harbor.  Here  Old  Neptune  shall  house  his  invalids ; 
here  the  iron-clad  veterans  shall  finish  their  days  in  peace,  when  blockade- 
runners,  and  torpedoes,  and  fire-ships,  and  Blakely  rifles,  shall  be  at  least  two 
generations  old.  Here  they  shall  prepare  to  hear,  not  the  Last  Trumpet — that 
were  well  enough  for  the  landsmen — but  what  Father  Taylor,  when  preaching 
in  a  bethel,  technically  and  not  irreverentially  calls  the  Bo'sun's  Last  Whistle, 
Piping  All  Hands  to  Quarters. 


Chelsea  Table. — MRS.  JOHN  W.  GRAVES,  MRS.  JOSHUA  LOSING. 

Lynn  Table. — MRS.  JOHN  B.  ALLEN,  MRS.  OLIVER. 

Salem  Table.— MRS.  J.  WEBSTER,  MRS.  GEO.  II.  CHASE,  MRS.  JAMES  O.  SAFFORD,  MRS.  J.  F.  TUCK- 
ERMAN,  Miss  AUGUSTA  L.  NICHOLS. 

Beverly  Table.— MRS.  EDWARD  BCRLET,  MRS.  JOSEPH  ABBOT. 

Marblehead  Table. — MRS.  THOMAS  APPLETON,  MRS.  MARY  GRAVES. 

Lowell  Table.—  MRS.  SAMUEL  SARGENT,  MRS.  CHARLES  TALBOT. 

New  Bedford  Table. — MRS.  LAWRENCE  GRINNELL,  MRS.  GBO.  T.  STEABNS. 

Cape  Cod  Table.— Miss  C.  E.  PHINNET,  Miss  GRACE  BACON. 

Mount  Vernon  Table. — MRS.  JAMES  BURNHAM,  MRS.  JAMES  W.  CUTTBB. 

Donation  Table. — MRS.  CHARLES  W.  GALLOUPE. 

Old  Colony  Table. — MRS.  GERSHOM  B.  WESTON,  MRS.  DAVIS. 

Slate  Table. — MRS.  GIDEON  HATNES. 

Teachers'  Table.— Miss  SEYMOUR. 

Portland  Table.— MRS.  STOVER  LITTLE,  MRS.  H.  L.  ROBINSON. 

Portsmouth  Table. — MRS.  JOHN  B.  HALEY. 

New  Hampshire  Table. — MRS.  JOHN  P.  HALE,  MRS.  GEORGE  HUTCHTNS. 

Philadelphia  Table. — MRS.  D.  HADDOCK,  JR.,  MRS.  BROOKS,  MRS.  HAZLETON,  MRS.  E.  S.  HALL. 

Flower  Table. — MRS.  WALDO  ADAMS,  Miss  MATTIE  HAZARD,  MRS.  BENJAMIN  HURD. 

Confectionery  Table. — MRS.  E.  T.  MILLIKEN,  MRS.  S.  MORSE. 

Department  of  He/reshments. — MRS.  WARREN  COLBURN. 

Skating  Park. — MRS.  C.  L.  WHEELWRIGHT. 

Post- Office.— MRS.  HUBBARD  W.  TILSON. 

Musical  Department. — MRS.  OLIVER  DITSON,  MRS.  HENRY  MASON. 

Indian  Department. — Miss  KATE  MILLER. 

Glass  and  China  Department. — MRS.  DANIEL  B.  STEDMAN. 

Mouse  Furnishing,  Booksellers'  and  Stationers',  and  Carved  Wood  Departments. — J.  L.  HHNNEWELL. 

Sewing- Machine,  Hardware,  and  Vegetable  Departments. — AUGUSTUS  PARKER. 

Drugs  and  Fancy  Articles. — MRS.  MARY  G.  STOREH,  Miss  SARAH  H.  MANNING. 

Jewellery  Department. — MRS.  GEORGE  MOWTON. 

Department  of  Arms  and  Trophies. — MRS.  CHARLES  H.  DAVIS,  MRS.  JOHN  DOWNS. 

Department  of  Curiosities  and  Antiquities. — MRS.  A.  O.  BIGELOW. 

Carpet  Department,  Fishing  Pond. — MRS.  WARREN  HAPGOOD. 

Personal  Tables  of  Boston. — MRS.  ALEXANDER  H.  RICE,  MRS.  HENRY  A.  WISE,  MRS.  SAMUEL   F. 
COUES,  MRS.  GEO.  W.  SIMONS,  MRS.  L.  MCFARLAND. 

The  BoatswaiiCs  Whistle. — MRS.  JULIA  WARD  HOWE. 
29 


CHAPTEK    XVIII. 

TESTIMONIALS   TO   DISTINGUISHED   COMMANDERS. 


ONOBABLE  services  of  silver-ware  have,  in  our  day, 
given  place  to  title-deeds  and  government  bonds,  in  the 
estimation  of  those  who  desire  to  recognize  and  reward 
a  signal  public  career.  The  days  of  massive  punch-bowls,  solid  tea-sets,  frosted 
wine-coolers,  have  passed  away,  and  a  better  method  of  requiting  the  heroic 
deeds  of  great  soldiers  and  great  sailors  has  succeeded  them.  The  clue  was 
given  to  the  discovery  of  this  method  by  an  incident  that  befell  a  wine-cooler 
of  somewhat  ancient  date.  Presented  to  Commodore  Decatur,  it  was  afterwards 
purchased  by  a  gentleman  who  had  never  been  within  a  thousand  miles  of 
Tripoli,  and  who  had  never  exacted  tribute  from  the  Dey  of  Algiers.  So 
when  the  fight  in  Charleston  harbor  came,  no  one  thought  of  giving  Major 
Anderson  a  punch-bowl;  the  health  shattered  in  that  anxious  service  within 
the  walls  of  Sumter  was  not  to  be  restored  by  tea  delicately  brewed  or  wine 
generously  cooled.  The  Phil  a  del  phi  an  s  gave  a  practical  form  to  their  recog- 
nition of  the  faithful  steward's  labors;  and  if  Major,  soon  after  General, 
Anderson  desired  a  plate,  or  a  bowl,  or  a  vase — he  .could  purchase  it 

Not  long  after  this,  certain  Philadelphians  thought  proper  to  recognize  the 
services  of  General  George  Meade  in  a  somewhat  similar  manner — no  plate, 


FUND  FOR  THE   FAMILY   OF  GENERAL  BIRNEY.  451 

elaborately  chased,  but  a  substantial  house  and  lot,  furnished  and  ready  for 
occupation.  And  not  long  after  this,  again,  these  same  Philadelphians  heard 
and  answered  another  appeal. 

General  David  B.  Birney  was  compelled  by  illness,  brought  on  by  expo- 
sure and  over-exertion  in  the  field,  to  give  up  the  command  of  the  Tenth 
Army  Corps  before  Richmond,  in  October,  1864.  He  reached  home  in  a 
dying  condition,  and  expired  on  the  18th,  surrounded  by  his  family  and 
friends.  In  an  address  delivered  at  the  Academy  of  Music,  on  the  evening  of 
the  day  of  the  funeral,  Governor  Curtin  thus  alluded  to  the  loss  they  were 
called  upon  to  deplore : 

"  To-day,  I,  with  others,  followed  to  the  grave  a  soldier  of  the  republic, 
late  a  citizen  of  Philadelphia.  I  knew  him  well,  indeed  I  had  the  honor  of 
giving  him  his  first  commission.  I  was  connected  with  every  promotion  he 
received  from  the  national  government,  and  followed  him  with  pleasure  as  he 
became  more  distinguished,  from  battle  to  battle,  and  became  dearer  and 
dearer  to  truly  loyal  men  everywhere.  Philadelphia  did  herself  honor  to-day 
when  she  honored  the  remains  of  General  David  B.  Birney.  He  had  braved 
the  dangers  of  battle  forty  times,  yet  his  life  was  spared,  that  he  might  return 
to  die  in  the  midst  of  his  loving  family.  Ever  remembering  the  old  flag 
under  which  he  had  so  often  fought,  he  exclaimed  with  his  last  breath,  and  as 
his  life  went  out,  'Boys!  keep  your  eyes  on  that  flag!'  And  so  the  noble 
Birney  fills  a  soldier's  grave.  And  he  has  left  a  wife  and  children  behind 
him.  I  have  frequently  committed  to  the  people  of  Pennsylvania  the  care  of 
the  soldier's  wife  and  children,  and  now  we  have  a  law  of  our  commonwealth 
by  which  we  assist  to  nurture  the  destitute  orphans  of  our  brave  martyred 
heroes.  While  I  ask  not  for  charity,  I  trust,  in  justice,  that  the  people  of 
Philadelphia  will  not  forget  the  six  little  children  of  Ge»eral  Birney." 

A  meeting  of  the  friends  and  associates  of  the  late  general  was  held  on  the 
24th  at  the  Continental  Hotel,  "to  take  measures  to  raise  a  testimonial  to  his 
memory."  Among  the  resolutions  passed  was  the  following: 

"  Resolved,  That  in  acknowledgment  of  the  valuable  services  rendered  his 
country  since  April  19th,  1861,  by  the  late  David  B.  Birney,  and  the  sacrifices 
he  has  made  in  the  cause  of  the  Union,  it  is  our  duty,  as  it  will  be  our  pleas- 
ure, to  use  our  means  and  influence  to  provide  and  set  apart  for  the  benefit  of 
his  family  a  fund  which,  added  to  his  estate,  will  yield  an  income  at  least 
equal  to  the  pay  he  received,  so  that  they  will  suffer  no  pecuniary  loss  by  his 
death." 

A  committee  of  fourteen  members  was  appointed  to  procure  subscriptions 


452  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

to  this  fund.     In  ten  days  the  object  stated  in  the  above  resolution  was  fully 
accomplished. 

That  a  rear-admiral  should,  for  distinguished  services,  be  made  vice- 
admiral,  may  very  well  satisfy  a  national  desire,  and  relieve  the  public  con- 
science. But  it  is,  nevertheless,  a  title  without  an  estate,  a  dukedom  without 
a  duchy.  If  the  founders  of  the  government  counted  upon  the  spirit  and 
liberality  of  the  public  to  make  up  for  what  they  decreed  should  be  the 
parsimony  of  the  people — for  let  no  one  confound  the  people  and  the  public — 
it  is  a  happy  circumstance  that  fortune  has  blessed  so  many  of  our  citizens,  and 
that  they  are  so  ready  and  anxious,  as  we  have  seen,  to  assume  the  trust 
imposed.  Premising  that  Admiral  Farragut  returned  to  the  North  late  in 
1864,  and  that  Messrs.  Moses  Taylor,  Samuel  Sloan,  and  John  J.  Cisco,  of 
New  York,  were  made  chairman,  secretary,  and  treasurer,  of  a  committee 
appointed  to  annex  an  estate  to  the  vice-admiral's  title,  we  make  the  following 
extracts  from  the  correspondence  which  ensued  between  the  Admiral  and  the 
committee : 

"NEW  YORK,  December  81,  1864. 

"  To  Vive-Admiral  DAVID  G.  FARRAGUT,  Senior  Flag-officer  of  the  United 
States  Navy : 

"  DEAR  SIR  : — It  is  but  an  act  of  duty  on  the  part  of  the  citizens  of  this 
commercial  community  to  acknowledge  the  brilliant  services  you  have  ren- 
dered to  the  country,  in  guarding  its  maritime  interests,  protecting  its  com- 
merce, and  maintaining  the  honor  of  its  flag. 

"The  gallantry  displayed  by  the  fleet,  which,  under  your  orders,  opened 
the  Mississippi  from  the  Delta  to  the  Crescent  City,  deservedly  won  the 
applause  of  a  grateful  people ;  but  still  later  in  the  contest  waging  for  the 
restoration  of  the  national  authority,  and  the  possession  of  the  forts  and  terri- 
tory of  the  Union,  your  unparalleled  skill  and  dauntless  intrepidity  in  forcing 
the  entrance  of  the  Bay  of  Mobile  and  capturing  its  defences,  thrilled  the 
hearts  of  your  countrymen,  and  excited  the  admiration  of  every  generous 
nation. 

"  The  deeds  which  illustrate  alike  your  name  and  the  naval  history  of 
the  republic,  have  been  fitly  recognized  in  your  promotion  to  a  grade  higher 
than  has  ever  before  been  known  in  the  American  navy — a  rank  fairly  won  in 
bloody  conflict,  justly  bestowed  by  the  government,  and  gladly  hailed  by  the 
American  people. 

"  The  citizens  of  New  York  can  offer  no  tribute  equal  to  your  claims  on 
their  gratitude  and  affection.  Their  earnest  desire  is  to  receive  you  as  one  of 


THE  FARRAGUT  FUND.  453 

their  number,  and  to  be  permitted,  as  fellow-citizens,  to  share  in  the  renown 
you  will  bring  to  the  metropolitan  city.  This  desire  is  felt  in  common  by 
the  whole  community;  and,  in  the  hope  that  it  may  be  not  inconsistent  with 
your  own  views,  the  grateful  duty  has  been  confided  to  us  of  placing  in  your 
hands  the  accompanying  testimonial ;  and  we  remain, 

u  With  the  highest  respect  and  regard,  faithfully  your  friends, 

"  MOSES  TAYLOR,  Chairman. 
'•  SAMUEL  SLOAN,  Secretary. 

'•  JOHN  J.  Cisco,  Treasurer'1 

REPLY   OF  ADMIRAL   FARRAGUT. 

"WASHINGTON,  January  17,  1865. 
"  To  MR.  MOSES  TAYLOR,  Chairman : 

"  SIR  : — Permit  me  to  return  my  thanks  for  the  complimentary  remarks 
made  by  yourself,  the  Collector,  Mr.  Draper,  and  Mr.  Low,  of  Brooklyn,  as 
well  as  those  contained  in  the  resolutions  of  your  honorable  committee. 

"  As  to  the  performances  of  the  fleet  under  my  command,  they  were  by 
the  directions  of  the  government,  and  are  alike  attributable  to  the  gallant 
officers  and  men  who  served  under  me,  guided  by  a  kind  and  overruling 
Providence.  That  government  has  evinced  its  appreciation  of  my  services  by 
my  advancement  to  a  grade  heretofore  not  recognized  in  our  navy.  This,  sir, 
was  all  I  could  desire,  and  more  than  I  expected. 

"  But,  sir,  from  the  moment  I  entered  the  port  of  New  York  up  to  the  pres- 
ent time,  I  have  been  the  recipient  of  honors  and  hospitalities,  and  am  even  now 
called  on  to  express  my  grateful  acknowledgments  of  the  receipt  of  this  last 
mark  of  your  bountiful  generosity,  accompanied  with  the  kind  expression  of 
your  hope  that  I  will  become  a  citizen  of  the  metropolitan  city,  than  which 
nothing  could  be  more  consonant  with  my  feelings. 

"  But,  sir,  I  am  still  the  servant  of  my  country,  and  must  obey  its  sum- 
mons to  the  path  of  duty,  indulging  the  hope,  however,  that  much  of  my 
remaining  life  may  be  spent  in  the  home  of  my  refuge,  whose  citizens  have 
so  munificently  guaranteed  a  birthright  to  my  descendants. 

"  Very  respectfully,  your  obedient  servant, 

'•  D.  GK  FARRAGUT,   Vice- Admiral."1 

THE  FUND. 

"NEW  YORK,  January  26,  1865. 

•:  Vice- Admiral  DAVID  G.  FARRAGUT,  United  States  Navy : 

'•  DEAR  SIR  : — In  a  former  communication  addressed  to  you.  we  alluded 


454  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

to  some  of  the  grounds  upon  which  the  loyal  citizens  of  New  York  were 
desirous  to  express,  in  a  fitting  manner,  their  sense  of  your  claims  to  the 
grateful  recognition  of  the  country,  for  gallant  services  rendered  at  a  period  of 
imminent  national  peril. 

"  Of  the  fund  provided  for  the  declared  purpose  of  rendering  you  a  tribute 
of  respect  and  gratitude,  the  sum  of  $51,130  was  appropriated  to  the  purchase 
of  fifty  bonds,  issued  by  the  national  government,  of  the  value  of  $1,000  each, 
with  accrued  interest ;  and  we  have  now  the  pleasure  to  place  in  your  hands 
a  check  for  the  surplus  remaining  from  the  subscription. 

"  In  closing  this  duty — one  of  the  most  grateful  we  have  ever  been  called 
on  to  perform — we  offer  you  the  assurance  of  our  earnest  hope  that  you  may 
long  be  spared  to  shed  lustre  on  the  navy,  and  to  enjoy  the  retrospect  of  a 
life  of  usefulness  and  honor  devoted  to  the  service  of  your  country. 

"  With  sincere  regard,  we  remain,  faithfully  yours, 

"  MOSES  TAYLOR,  Chairman. 
11  SAMUEL  SLOAN,  Secretary. 

"  JOHN  J.  Cisco,  Treasurer." 

Messrs.  Ball,  Black  &  Co.  furnished  gratuitously  a  blue  morocco  case, 
lined  with  white  and  red  satin — the  loyal  colors  being  thus  ingeniously 
combined — in  which  the  bonds,  and  the  correspondence  engrossed  on  parch- 
ment, were  enclosed  for  transmission  to  the  admiral. 

The  following  correspondence  explains  itself : 

"PHILADELPHIA,  January  2,  1865. 
"  Lieutenant- General  TJ.  S.  GRANT,  commanding  United  States  Army  : 

"  DEAR  GENERAL  : — Having  learned  that  Mrs.  Grant  was  looking  for  and 
unable  to  obtain  a  house  in  this  city,  which  you  have  concluded  to  make  your 
place  of  residence,  it  affords  us  great  pleasure  to  present  to  yourself  and 
family  a  house  furnished  and  ready  in  our  City  of  Homes. 

"  As  citizens  of  the  United  States,  we  beg  your  acceptance  of  this  slight 
testimonial  of  the  gratitude  we  feel,  in  common  with  all  loyal  citizens,  for  the 
eminent  services  you  have  rendered  to  the  nation,  during  its  present  struggle 
for  the  suppression  of  the  rebellion,  and  of  our  appreciation  of  your  distin- 
guished military  ability,  patriotism  and  moral  worth. 

"  As  citizens  of  Philadelphia,  feeling  that  it  would  be  a  high  honor  to  have 
you  a  fellow-townsman,  we  present  it  as  a  token  of  the  welcome  which  our 
entire  city  extends  to  your  family,  while  you  ^re  still  fighting  the  battles  of  the 
nation,  and  which  we  will  most  heartilv  extend  to  vourself  when  the  war 


THE  GRANT  TESTIMONIAL. 


shall  be  over.  In  requesting  your  acceptance  of  the  title-deed.  Jet  us  express 
the  hope  that,  through  the  instrumentality  of  yourself  and  other  tried  and 
trusted  heroes,  the  time  may  soon  come  when  the  blessings  of  Union  and 
peace,  founded  on  the  principles  of  justice  and  freedom,  shall  crown  the  efforts 
now  so  nobly  made. 

"  That  our  country  may  come  forth  from  the  terrible  ordeal  stronger,  bet- 
ter, purer  and  freer,  is  our  earnest  wish  ;  and  to  this  we  pray  that  God  may 
long  spare  your  valuable  life,  and  continue  your  invaluable  services  for  our 
national  prosperity  and  peace. 

"  On  behalf  of  the  subscribers,  very  truly  yours, 

"GEORGE  H.  STUART,  E.  C.  KNIGHT, 

"  A.  C.  BORIE,  DAVIS  PEARSON, 

"WM.  C.  KENT,  GEO.  WHITNEY, 
"  JAMES  GRAHAM,  Committee''1 


"  HEAD-QUARTERS  ARMY  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES,    > 
"CiTY  POINT,  VA.,  January  4,  1865.          J 

"  Messrs.  GEORGE  II.  STUART,  A.  C.  BORIE,  W.  C.  KENT,  E.  C.  KNIGHT, 
DAVIS  PEARSON,  GEORGE  WHITNEY,  and  JAMES  GRAHAM,  Committee : 
"  GENTLEMEN  : — Through  you    the  loyal  citizens  of  Philadelphia  have 

seen  fit  to  present  me  with  a  house,  lot,  and  furniture,  in  your  beautiful  city. 

The  letter  notifying  me  of  this  is  just  received. 


456  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

"  It  is  with  feelings  of  gratitude  and  pride  that  I  accept  this  substantial 
testimonial  of  the  esteem  of  your  loyal  citizens :  gratitude,  because  it  is  evi- 
dence of  a  deep-set  determination  on  the  part  of  a  large  number  of  citizens 
that  this  war  shall  go  on  until  the  Union  is  restored ;  pride,  that  my  humble 
efforts  in  so  great  a  cause  should  attract  such  a  token  from  a  city  of  strangers 
to  me. 

"  I  will  not  predict  a  day  when  we  will  have  peace  again,  with  a  Union 
restored  ;  but  that  that  day  will  come,  is  as  sure  as  the  rising  of  to-morrow's 
sun.  I  have  never  doubted  this  in  the  darkest  days  of  this  dark  and  terrible 
rebellion. 

"  Until  this  happy  day  of  peace  does  come,  my  family  will  occupy  and 
enjoy  your  magnificent  present.  But  until  then,  I  do  not  expect  nor  desire  to 
see  much  of  the  enjoyments  of  a  home  fireside. 

"  I  have  the  honor  to  be,  with  great  respect,  your  obedient  servant, 

"U.  S.  GRANT, 
" Lieutenant- General  United  States  Army."1 

General  Grant's  family  took  possession  of  their  homestead  in  May,  1865  ; 
and  not  long  afterwards  the  country  was  at  peace ;  that  peace  of  which  the 
general  was  as  sure  as  of  the  rising  of  the  morrow's  sun. 

A  fund,  which  certain  gentlemen  had  been  for  some  time  busy  in  collecting, 
was  now  nearly  ready  for  distribution.  The  Kearsarge  had  destroyed  the 
Alabama,  instead  of  capturing  her,  and  so  the  crew  were  entitled  to  no  prize- 
money  ;  or,  whether  entitled  to  it  or  not,  were  not,  at  any  rate,  to  have  any. 
A  committee  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  of  New  York,  of  which  Charles 
H.  Marshall  was  treasurer,  soon  called  upon  their  fellow-citizens,  the  mer- 
chants especially,  to  contribute  to  the  Kearsarge  fund,  "  as  a  slight  recognition 
of  their  valuable  services  to  the  country,  and  especially  to  the  merchant 
marine,  in  sinking  the  Anglo-rebel  pirate  Alabama."  The  sum  of  $25,000 
was,  not  long  after,  ready  for  distribution. 

The  apportionment  was  made  according  to  the  methods  in  usage,  an  appro- 
priate certificate  accompanying  each  share.  The  following  was  the  allotment, 
as  decided  upon  by  the  committee : 

Commander $10,000  Three   Acting  Masters — two,  each, 

Lieutenant  Commander 1,200  $750 ;  one  $500 $2,000 

Chief  Engineer 800         Second  Assistant  Engineer 500 

Surgeon 800  Three  Third  Assistant  Engineers — 

Paymaster 7. 600  each,  $400 1,200 


THE  KEARSARGE   FUND. 


457 


Midshipman $400 

Captain's  clerk 300 

Paymaster's  clerk 250 

Gunner 400 

Boatswain 400 

Two  Acting  Master's  Mates — one 

$450,  and  one  $400 850 

Surgeon's  steward 150 

Paymaster's  steward 150 

Twenty -four  seamen,  each  $40.  ...  960 
Thirty-two  petty  officers,  averaging 

$48  40 1,485 

Sixteen  ordinary  seamen,  each  $30.  480 


*  The  following  was  the  list  of  subscribers : 

Atlantic  Mutual  Insurance  Co $4,000  00 

Columbian  Insurance  Co 2,000  00 

Great  Western  Insurance  Co 2,000  00 

Sun  Insurance  Co 2,00000 


Pacific  Mutual  Insurance  Co 

Union  Mutual  Insurance  Co 

New  York  Mutual  Insurance  Co 

Pacific  Mail  Steamship  Co 

Mercantile  Mutual  Insurance  Co 

A.  A.  Low  &  Brothers 

Orient  Mutual  Insurance  Co 

Washington  Marine  Insurance  Co 

Metropolitan  Insurance  Co 

Phenix  Insurance  Co 

N.  L.  &  G.  Griswold. . . 


750  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
500  00 
^50  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 


One  ordinary  seaman,  killed;  money 

to  go  to  his  family $200 

One  ordinary  seaman,  wounded ....  50 

Eleven  first-class  firemen,  each  $35.  385 

Nine  second-class  firemen,  each  $30.  270 

Twenty-two  landsmen,  each  $25 . . .  550 

Eight  private  marines,  each  $30. . . .  240 

Thirteen  coal-heavers,  each  $25  . . .  325 

Two  first-class  boys,  each  $20.   40 

Second-class  boy 15 


Amount  apportioned* $25,000 

Number  of  officers  and  crew . .  161 


Grlnnell,  Minturn  &  Co $250  00 

Weston  &  Gray 250  00 

Rowland  &  Aspinwall 250  00 

Bucklin,  Crane  &  Co 250  00 

Frothingham  <fc  Baylis 250  00 

Wm.  H.Fogg  &Co 25000 


G.  S.  Stephenson  &  Co.. 

Fabbri  &  Chauncey 

Wm.  Whitlock,  Jr 

W.  W.  Deforest  &  Co .... 
8.  B.  Chitteuden  &  Co.  . . 

Phelps,  Dodge  &  Co 

Sturges,  Bennet  &  Co 

J.  G.  King's  Sons 

Spofford,  Tileston  &  Co. 


250  00 
250  00 
250  01) 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 
250  00 


458 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


As  Sherman's  army  was  approaching  Savannah,  after  its  triumphant  march 
through  Georgia,  a  movement  in  behalf  of  Sherman  was  set  on  foot  in  Ohio, 
similar  to  that  which  resulted,  as  has  been  stated,  in  the  case  of  General 
Grant.  The  design  was  to  present  a  house  to  Mrs.  Sherman  either  in  Colum- 
bus or  Cincinnati.  The  committee  having  the  matter  in  charge  soon  after 
received  the  following  letter  from  the  lieutenant-general : 

"  HEAD-QUARTERS  ARMY  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES,       / 
"CiTY  POINT,  VA.,  December  22,  1864.  ( 

"  H.  H.  HUNTER,  D.  TALLMADGE,  JOHN  T.  BRASEE  : 

"  DEAR  SIRS  : — I  have  this  moment  received  your  printed  letter  in  relation 
to  your  proposed  movement  in  acknowledgment  of  one  of  Ohio's  greatest  sons. 
I  wrote  only  yesterday  to  my  father,  who  resides  in  Covington,  Kentucky, 
on  the  same  subject,  and  asked  him  to  inaugurate  a  subscription  to  present 
Mrs.  Sherman  with  a  house  in  the  city  of  Cincinnati.  General  Sherman  is 
eminently  entitled  to  this  mark  of  consideration,  and  I  directed  my  father  to 
head  the  subscription  with  five  hundred  dollars  for  me,  and  half  that  amount 
from  General  Ingalls,  chief  quartermaster  of  this  army,  who  is  equally  alive 
with  myself  to  the  eminent  services  of  General  Sherman. 

"  Whatever  direction  this  enterprise  in  favor  of  General  Sherman  may  take, 
you  may  set  me  down  for  the  amount  named.  I  cannot  say  a  word  too  highly 
in  praise  of  General  Sherman's  services  from  the  beginning  of  the  rebellion  to 


C.  H.  Marshall  

.  .  .       $250  00 

James  G.  Bennett  

$10000 

E.  D.  Morgan  &  Co  

250  00 

Francis  Skiddy  

100  00 

John  Cas  well  &  Co  

25000 

R.  W.  Ropes  &  Co  

100  00 

Panama  R.  R.  Co  

250  00 

Archer  &  Bull  

100  00 

A.  T.  Stewart  &  Co  

250  00 

H.  A.  Smythe  

100  00 

Hunt,  Tillinghast  &  Co  

250  00 

E.  S  Jaffray  &  Co  

100  00 

H.  B.  Claflin  &  Co  

250  00 

Samuel  McLean  &  Co  

100  00 

W.  H.  Webb  

20000 

J.  &  J.  Stuart  &  Co  

10000 

Josiah  Macy  &  Sons  

150  00 

Shepard  Gandy  

100  00 

David  Dows  &  Co  

100  00 

Cary  &  Co  

100  00 

Hecker  &  Brother  

10000 

M.  O.  Roberts  

10000 

Geo.  W.  Blunt  

100  00 

W.  D.  Morgan  

5000 

R.  L.  Taylor  

10000 

Edward  Rowe  

5000 

Russell  Sturgis  

100  00 

Galwev,  Casado  &  Teller  

50  00 

E.  Nye  

10000 

C.  Adolph,  Lowe  &  Co  

5000 

S.  Rowley  &  J.  Demarest  

100  00 

J.  A.  McGaw  

50  00 

Spaulding,  Hunt  &  Co  

100  00 

N.  M.  Perry  

50  00 

Anthony  &  Hall  

100  00 

N.  A.  Cowdrcv  

25  00 

Lathrop,  Ludington  <fe  Co  

100  00 

E.  H.  Tracv  

25  00 

Sprague,  Cooper  &  Colburn  

10000 

Albinola  &  Bailev  

25  00 

Sullivan,  Randolph  &  Budd  

100  00 

K  Couillard  

25  00 

Geo.  C.  Ward  

100  00 

A  11  others  , 

1,900  00 

Total  

,  $25,000  00 

THE   SHERMAN  TESTIMONIAL. 


459 


the  present  day,  and  will,  therefore,  abstain  from  flattery  of  him.    Suffice  it  to 
say,  the  world's  history  gives  no  record  of  his  superiors,  and  of  but  few  equals. 
"I  am  truly  glad  for  the  movement  you  have  set  on  foot,  and  of  the  oppor- 
tunity of  adding  my  mite  in  testimony  of  so  good  and  great  a  man. 

"  Yours,  truly, 

"  U.  S.  GRANT,  Lieutenant- General" 


In  April,  Chief-Justice  Chase  sent  a  contribution  to  the  fund,  and  in  the 
letter  accompanying  it  was  the  following  passage : 

u  No  man's  achievements  have  contributed  more  to  the  grand  triumph  of 
Union  and  freedom  over  rebellion  and  slavery.  His  deeds  are  among  the 
choicest  treasures  of  our  own  Ohio,  as  well  as  of  our  whole  country.  And 
we,  the  children  of  Ohio,  are  bound  especially,  and  by  the  most  sacred  obli- 
gations, to  defend  and  protect  the  good  name  of  every  brave  and  loyal  son  she 
has.  She  has  none  braver  or  more  loyal  than  Sherman. 

"  Yours  most  truly, 

"S.  P.  CHASE." 

General  Sherman  gave  the  project  little  encouragement,  and  indeed  recom- 
mended that  any  moneys  thus  raised  should  be  devoted  to  the  maintenance 
and  education  of  soldiers'  orphans — as  did  General  Thomas,  when  a  similar 
proposition  was  made  in  regard  to  a  testimonial  to  himself.  Still,  the  move- 
ment in  behalf  of  Sherman  went  on,  and  was  still  in  progress  when  these 
pages  went  to  press.  The  following  return  from  a  single  regiment  shows  the 
favor  with  which  it  was  regarded  by  those  who  marched  down  to  the  sea : 


460  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

HEAD-QUARTERS  EIGHTY-FIRST  O.  Y.  I.,  ) 
WOODLAWN,  KY.,  June  21,  1865.          \ 

Brigadier- General^.  WOOD,  Trustee  for  Sherman 's  Testimonial  Fund : 

GENERAL  : — I  have  the  honor  to  submit  the  following  report  of  the  amount  subscribed 
and  paid : 

Field  and  staff  officers $25  00 

Other  officers 12  00 

Officers  and  men  of  Company  A 28  00 

"   .     B 71  50 

C 50  00 

"                  "                 "         D 32  00 

"                  "                 "         E 106  00 

"                  "                 "         F 23  00 

"                  "                 "         G 23  00 

"                  "                 "         II 73  00 

"                  "                 "         1 26  00 

"                  "                 "         K..  31  00 


$500  50 
I  am  your  obedient  servant, 

WM.  II.  HILL, 
Lieutenant- Colonel  Slst  0.   V.  I.,  Trustee  for  Regiment. 

The  erection  of  monuments  to  fallen  soldiers  may  be  mentioned  in  this 
connection.  The  Sixth  Army  Corps  had  collected  $10,000  for  a  statue  of 
General  Sedgwick  before  peace  was  secured,  and  forwarded  a  duly  executed 
contract  from  Burkesville  to  the  sculptor  of  their  choice,  Mr.  Launt  Thomp- 
son, of  New  York.  One  contribution  to  this  work  was  an  unwilling — nay, 
a  compulsory — one,  that  of  the  bronze,  which  was  furnished  by  the  Southern 
Confederacy,  in  the  form  of  cannon.  Other  artists  throughout  the  country 
are  at  work  upon  similar  orders. 


CHAPTEE    XIX. 

MISCELLANIES  :  VARIOUS  METHODS  OF  PROCURING  MEANS,  AND  VARIOUS 
METHODS  OF  APPLYING  THEM. 


\VOMEH  WORKING   IN   THE   i'll.Ui. 


The  women  of  the  country — and  especially  those  of  the  northwestern  por- 
tion— have  rendered  other  services  than  those  we  have  chronicled;  the  battle- 
field is  not  the  only  field  in  which  they  have  wrought,  bearing  the  heat  and 
burden  of  the  day.  The  wife  who,  in  the  summer  of  1861,  wrote  the  follow- 
ing lines,  doubtless  kept  her  promise,  or,  if  not,  thousands  kept  it  for  her: 


Don't  stop  a  moment  to  think,  John. 

Your  country  calls,  then  go  ; 
Don't  think  of  me  or  the  children,  John, 

I  '11  care  for  them,  you  know. 
Leave  the  corn  upon  the  stalks,  John, 

Potatoes  in  the  hill ; 


And  the  pumpkins  on  the  vines,  John, 
I  '11  gather  them  with  a  will. 

80  take  your  gun  and  go,  John, 
Take  your  gun  and  go, 

For  Ruth  can  drive  the  oxen,  John, 
And  I  can  use  the  hoe. 


462  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Women  in  the  field  were  no  unusual  sight  in  1862 :  Mrs.  Jane  Arbicht, 
seventy  years  of  age,  living  in  Hancock  County,  Indiana,  having  sent  two 
sons  to  the  army,  sowed  ten  acres  of  wheat  with  her  own  hands.  The  next 
year — the  absorption  of  men  by  the  army  having  constantly  increased — large 
tracts  of  country  were  almost  exclusively  tilled  by  women.  ,  Mrs.  Livermore 
has  given  us  an  account  of  her  experience  and  conversation  in  the  midst  of 
scenes  thus  cultivated:  "We  found  women  everywhere  in  the  field,"  she 
writes,  "  driving  the  reapers,  and  binding,  shocking,  and  loading  the  grain — an 
unusual  sight  to  our  eyes.  At  first  we  were  displeased  with  it,  and  turned  away 
in  aversion.  By-and-by,  we  came  to  observe  how  skilfully  they  drove  the  horses 
around  and  around  the  wheatfield,  diminishing  more  and  more  its  periphery 
at  every  circuit,  the  glittering  blades  of  the  reaper  cutting  wide  swathes  with 
a  crisp,  crunching  sound,  that  it  was  pleasant  to  hear.  Then,  also,  we  saw 
that  when  they  followed  the  reapers,  binding  and  shocking,  although  they  did 
not  keep  up  with  the  men,  yet  their  work  was  done  with  more  precision  and 
nicety,  and  the  sheaves  had  an  artistic  finish  that  the  others  lacked.  So  we 
said  to  ourselves,  '  They  are  worthy  women,  and  deserve  praise ;  their  husbands 
are  probably  too  poor  to  hire  help,  and  so  like  the  help-meets  God  designed 
them  to  be,  they  have  girt  themselves  to  the  work  of  men,  and  are  doing  it 
famously.  Good  wives  !  good  women  !' 

"  'And  so  you  are  helping  to  gather  the  harvest,'  we  said  to  a  woman  of 
forty-five,  who  sat  on  the  reaper  to  drive,  as  she  stopped  her  horses  for  a  brief 
rest. 

"  'Yes,  ma'am,'  she  replied  ;  'the  men  have  all  gone  to  the  war,  so  that. my 
man  can't  hire  help,  and  I  told  my  girls  we  must  turn  to,  and  give  him  a  lift 
with  the  harvestin'.' 

"  '  Have  you  sons  in  the  army  ?' 

"  'Yes,  ma'am,'  and  a  shadow  fell  over  the  motherly  face:  'all  three  of 
them  'listed,  and  Neddy,  the  youngest,  was  killed  at  Stone  River,  the  last  day 
of  last  year.  We've  money  enough  to  hire  help,  if  it  could  be  had,  and  my 
man  don't  like  for  me  and  the  girls  to  be  workin'  out  o'  doors ;  but  there  don't 
seem  no  help  for  it  now.' 

"  We  stepped  over  where  the  girls  were  binding  the  fallen  grain,  and  said 
to  one : 

"  '  Well,  it  seems  that  you,  like  your  mother,  are  not  afraid  to  lend  a  hand  at 
the  harvesting?' 

"  '  No,  we're  willing  to  help  out  doors  in  these  times.  My  three  brothers  are 
in  the  army,  my  cousins,  and  most  of  the  men  we  used  to  hire — so  that  there 


WOMEN  IN  THE  WHEATF1ELD.  403 

is  no  help  to  be  got  but  women's,  and  the  crops  must  be  got  in,  you  know,  all 
the  same.' 

"  *  I  tell  mother,'  said  another  of  the  girls,  '  as  long  as  the  country  can't 
get  along  without  grain,  nor  the  army  fight  without  food,  that  we're  serving 
the  country  just  as  much  here  in  the  harvest-field  as  our  boys  are  in  the  battle- 
field, and  that  sort  o'  takes  the  edge  off  from  this  business  of  doing  men's 
work,  you  know ;'  and  a  hearty  laugh  followed  this  statement. 

"  Another  was  the  wife  of  one  of  the  soldier  sons,  with  a  three-year-old  boy 
toddling  beside  her,  and  tumbling  among  the  sheaves.  From  her  came  the 
same  hearty  assent  to  this  new  work  which  the  strait  of  the  country  had  im- 
posed upon  her ;  and  she  added,  with  a  kind  of  homely  pride,  that  '  she  was 
considered  as  good  a  binder  as  a  man,  and  could  keep  up  with  the  best  of  'em. 
For  my  part,  I  am  willing  to  do  any  thing  to  help  along  in  these  war  times.' 

"  Now  we  saw  things  with  different  eyes.  No  longer  were  the  women  of 
the  harvest-field  an  unwelcome  sight.  Patriotism  inspired  them  to  the 
unusual  work,  and  each  brown,  hard-handed,  toiling  woman  was  a  heroine. 
Their  husbands  and  sons  had  left  the  plough  in  the  furrow,  at  the  anguished 
call  of  the  country,  and  these  noble  women  had  loyally  bidden  them  God- 
speed ;  without  weak  murmuring  or  complaint  had  put  their  own  shoulders 
to  the  hard,  rough  farm-work,  feeling  that  thus  they  also  served  the  common 
cause.  All  honor  to  the  farmers'  wives  and  daughters  of  the  great  North- 
west !  Many  women  have  done  virtuously,  but  these  excel  them  all." 

Another  method  of  aiding  the  cause  was  invented  in  Austin,  Nevada  Ter- 
ritory ;  and  the  description  of  this  method  is  the  history  of  the  now  famous 
Sanitary  Sack  of  Nevada  Flour.  This  is  as  follows  : 

In  April,  1864,  Mr.  R  C.  Gridley,  of  the  firm  of  Gridley,  Hobart  &  Jacobs, 
of  Austin,  and  Dr.  Herriclc,  an  officer  of  the  county,  laid  a  wager  on  the  result 
of  a  local  election.  The  conditions  were,  that  Dr.  Herrick,  were  he  the  loser, 
should  carry  a  twenty -pound  sack  of  flour  through  Main  Street,  from  the  First 
Ward,  Clifton,  to  the  Fourth  Ward,  Upper  Austin — a  distance  of  about  a  mile 
and  a  quarter — marching  to  the  air  of  Dixie ;  and  that  Mr.  Gridley,  in  the 
event  of  losing,  should  carry  the  flour  from  Upper  Austin  to  Clifton,  marching 
to  the  tune  of  Old  John  Brown.  Mr.  Gridley  lost,  and,  on  the  20th  of  April, 
paid  his  debt  The  people  assembled  about  his  store.  Mr.  Gridley  appeared 
with  the  sack  of  flour  trimmed  with  ribbons  and  flags.  A  procession  was 
formed,  in  the  following  order:  thirty-six  men  on  horseback,  headed  by  the 
city  officials  elect;  then  ten  musicians  on  foot;  then  Dr.  Herrick,  carrying  Mr. 
Gridley 's  hat  and  cane ;  then  Mr.  Gridley,  bearing  the  sack,  accompanied  by 


464 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


his  son,  a  boy  of  thirteen,  carrying  a  flag  of  appropriate  dimensions  ;  then  the 
Democratic  Central  Committee,  two  of  them  with  flags,  one  of  them  carrying 
a  huge  sponge  aloft  upon  a  pole,  and  another  a  new  broom  ;  then  citizens,  then 
boys.  The  spectators  cheered,  the  mill-whistles  screeched,  the  band  played, 
and  the  hills  echoed  back  the  strains  of  John  Brown's  March.  The  brilliant 
cortege  reached  Clifton ;  and  as  many  of  the  crowd  as  could  obtain  entrance 
followed  the  principals  into  a  convenient  tap-room,  where  the  ceremonies  of 
confessing  defeat  were  performed.  The  flour  was  delivered  to  the  winner  of 


THE   PBOOKSS10N    OK  THE   6AN1TAKY  SACK. 


the  wager ;  the  flag  was  surrendered ;  the  broom  was  given  up,  in  recognition 
of  the  fact  that  a  political  party  in  Austin  had  been  swept  away  as  with  a 
besom.  Speeches  were  made,  and  the  legitimate  business  of  the  tap-room  was 
for  a  time  exceedingly  brisk.  The  procession  then  returned  to  Upper  Austin, 
Mr.  Gridley  no  longer  an  humble  pedestrian,  executing  a  painful  duty,  but 
mounted  upon  a  mettlesome  charger,  triumphant,  discharged  of  his  debt. 
The  proprietors  of  another  well-known  tap  invited  the  crowd  within  their 
hospitable  walls,  to  partake  of  what  was  on  the  board,  or  might  be  placed 
there. 

Now  this  was  a  pleasant,  harmless  jest ;  and  here,   doubtless,  those  who 


THE   SANITARY   SACK   IN   AUSTIN.  465 

originated  it,  supposed  it  would  end.  Had  they  been  told,  as  they  were 
tramping  towards  Clifton,  that  their  merry-making  would  in  any  way  benefit 
the  cause  of  the  sick  and  wounded  soldiers,  that  their  ordinary  sack  of 
humdrum  flour  would  one  day  bring  into  the  coffers  of  beneficence  say 
$10,000  in  gold,  they  would  have  scouted  the  foolish  prophecy.  What 
would  they  have  thought,  then,  could  they  have  known  that  those  twenty 
pounds  of  Austin  wheat  were  to  be  worth  to  the  Sanitary  Commission  on  the 
Pacific  coast  alone,  $63,000  in  gold  ?  This  fact,  for  it  was  one  soon,  was  thus 
brought  about : 

A  stand  was  erected,  and  the  now  illustrious  sack  was  placed  upon  it. 
Mr.  Grridley  made  a  few  remarks,  offered  $200  for  the  burden  lately  borne 
upon  his  shoulders,  the  money  to  go  to  the  sanitary  fund.  Mr.  T.  B.  Wade 
then  took  the  stand  as  an  auctioneer,  and  launched  the  flour  upon  that  sea 
of  farinaceous  popularity,  on  the  yesty  waves  of  which  it  has  hardly  yet  done 
tossing.  Mr.  M.  J.  Noyes  took  the  bag  at  $350,  paying  the  money  and 
returning  the  bag.  It  was  sold  again,  and  again,  and  yet  again — the  buyer 
in  each  case  producing  the  purchase-money,  but  declining  the  purchase. 
Mr.  Buel,  the  defeated  candidate  for  mayor,  who,  for  some  unexplained  reason, 
was  out  of  gold,  offered  a  certificate  of  indebtedness  of  the  United  States 
Indian  Department,  for  $1,115  ;  but  as  this,  when  cashed,  would  be  but  paper 
still,  the  bid,  in  spite  of  its  liberality,  was  ruthlessly  rejected.  Such  is  the 
callousness  produced  upon  the  Austin  soul,  by  a  too  constant  metallic  fric- 
tion. The  offers  in  silver  and  gold  went  on  ;  the  auctioneer,  whose  eloquence 
had  already  been  surpassing,  now  swayed  the  auditory  as  it  were  a  cornfield 
stricken  by  the  gale.  His  tongue  was  tipped  with  honey,  his  fingers  seemed 
touched  with  birdlime.  He  who  listened  was  lost,  and  he  who  bid  paid  the 
amount  of  the  bid.  This  is  a  Pacific  coast  way  of  doing  things  ;  our  Eastern 
auctions,  where  only  the  winner  pays,  are  spiritless  in  comparison. 

When  the  buyers  had  relieved  themselves  of  the  eagles  and  double-eagles 
which  they  happened  to  have  about  them,  combinations  of  small  change  were 
made,  and  very  respectable  offers  were  aggregated  in  this  way.  Then  the 
spirit  of  class  was  brought  into  play — the  merchants  seeking  to  outbid  the 
mill-owners,  the  miners  resolved  not  to  be  beaten  by  the  landlords.  When 
coin  had  entirely  disappeared,  and  all  portable  evidences  of  value  had  been 
swallowed  up  in  the  whirlpool,  somebody  bid  a  town  lot.  This  was  only 
accepted,  because  a  monopolist  of  real  estate,  who  happened  to  be  present, 
offered  to  purchase  the  lot,  and  produce  the  gold  on  the  morrow.  Bids  of 
stocks  and  scrip,  not  easily  converted  into  money,  were  rejected,  to  the  value 

30 


466 


THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 


of  many  thousands.  When  the  sale  was  closed,  the  bids  in  the  aggregate  were 
over  $4,000,  with  accepted  offers  from  Mr.  Buel  of  a  block  of  lots  in  Water- 
town,  and  of  another  block  from  Mr.  Jefferson  Work.  The  procession  was 
re-formed,  the  band  again  awoke  the  echoes,  and  the  pleasures  of  the  day  ended 
with  a  serenade  to  Mr.  Gridley,  the  hero  of  Upper  Austin. 

About  three  weeks  afterwards,  it  was  proposed  that  the  Sanitary  Sack 
should  be  taken  to  Gold  Hill,  and  be  sold  several  times  more.  On  the  16th 
of  May,  therefore,  a  proper  escort  being  obtained,  the  bag  was  conveyed  to 
Gold  Hill.  A  halt  was  called  in  front  of  Maynard's  Bank.  Mr.  Fitch  made 
a  few  explanatory  remarks,  and  Marshal  Samuel  Arnold  began  operations  as 
auctioneer.  He  first  bought  the  bag  himself  for  $300,  then  gave  it  back,  and 
began  again.  The  offers  'now  went  on  as  follows,  each  bid  of  magnitude 
eliciting  thunderous  cheering  from  the  elite  of  the  city : 


Samuel  Arnold $300  00 

Belcher  Company 500  00 

J.  W.  Flood 250  00 

Eureka  Mill  Co 200  00 

Anthony  Fox 100  00 

Samuel  Hyatt 100  00 

Judge  Robinson 100  00 

Bank  Exchange 50  00 

Challenge  Mining  Co 50  00 

Douglass  Mill 200  00 

Charles  II.  Van  Gorder 100  00 

H.  C.  Blanchard 100  00 

Consolidation  Mining  Co 100  00 

C.  H.  Beckwith 50  00 

George  J.  Burnett 50  00 

Win.    Britton,    one   foot  of  Mary 
Ann  stock,   which  D.  K.  Korn 

bought  at V5  00 

Yellow  Jacket  Co 500  00 

A.  O.  Sanborn 100  00 

Charles  Olney 100  00 

New  Oregon  Mining  Co 100  00 

Succor  Mill  Co 100  00 

Wright's  Gift  Entertainment 100  00 

Sacramento  Mill 100  00 

Employees  of  Yellow  Jacket  Co. .  100  00 

Trustees  for  Town  of  Gold  Hill. .  .  100  00 

Barney  Levison 50  00 

Gold  Hill  News 50  00 

George  Aylesworth 50  00 

J.  Bolburn 50  00 

Edward  Norton 50  00 

Bittner  &  Skerritt.. .  50  00 


Jewett  &  Sheppard  Co $30  00 

Pride  of  America  Co 50  00 

C.  H.  Beckwith 50  00 

Korn  Brothers 50  00 

J.  W.  Carrick 50  00 

Employees  Consolidated  Co.  No.  1  50  00 

Gol  1  Hill  Hook  and  Ladder  Co..  .  50  00 

Prall  &  Brown 50  00 

Employees  Consolidated  Co.  (sec- 
ond bid) 50  00 

Robert  Carson 50  00 

Five  Gold  Hill  policemen 50  00 

J.  Gashwiler 75  00 

S.  B.  Ware 20  00 

Employees  of  Blanchard,  Hardy  & 

Van  Gorder 100  00 

Wildey  Lodge  No.  1,  I.  O.  O.  F. .  100  00 

San  Francisco  Restaurant 50  00 

Mrs.  John  II.  Mills 50  00 

Silver  Star  Masonic  Lodge 50  00 

Chas.  H.  Fish,  old-fashioned  gold 

slug,  worth 50  00 

Wm.  Beegan 25  00 

Mrs.  E.  R.  Bnrke 25  00 

Samuel  Arnold 25  00 

G.  A.  Hart 25  00 

S.  H.  Marlette 25  00 

Crocker  &  Co 25  00 

Dinsmore  &  Aylesworth 25  00 

Wm.  Denise 50  00 

Federal  House 20  00 

W.  W.  Hull 10  00 

A.  Hawkins. .  10  00 


THE   SANITARY   SACK   IX   SILVER   CITY. 


467 


Thos.  Fitch  bought  the  gold  slug 

bid  by  Fish,  at  an  advance  of  . .  $10  00 
(The  announcement  was  made  here 
that  Gold  Hill  had  distanced 
Austin,  and  taken  the  flour.  Mr. 
Gridley  mounted  the  rostrum, 
and  threw  up  the  sponge,  ac- 
cording to  promise.) 

Master  Howard  Lee 5  00 

Master  Amos  Gridley 10  00 

Capt.  McClary 10  00 

S.  W.  Chubbuck 10  00 

W.  W.  Bishop 10  00 

Miss  Belle  Arnold 10  00 

J.  D.  Campbell 20  00 

James  Jeffrey 20  00 

Gold  Hill's  total  bid  for  the  sack. . 


Mrs.  Minnie  Hyatt $25  00 

(X.  A.  H.  Ball  and  Samuel  Hyatt 

were    here    appointed    to   pass 

round  the  hat.) 

R.  a.Gridley 20  00 

Samuel  Hyatt 50  00 

Cash  collected  in  the  hat 50  00 

All  others 357  00 

Bid  in  Virginia  City  previously  for 

Gold  Hill: 

A.  B.  Paul 150  00 

K  A.  H.  Ball 25  00 

W.  C.  Dnval 25  00 

W.  H.  Beegan 20  00 

J.  S.  Inder :  20  00 

;• $fi.062  00 


Not  content  with  this,  and  knowing  that  at  a  spot  further  on,  called  Silver 
City,  there  was  more  gold  to  be  had,  the  speakers,  the  music,  the  carriages, 
and  the  sack,  proceeded  to  that  place.  Here  rain  was  falling,  and  the  people 
were  generally  absent  at  work.  Nevertheless,  Mr.  Fitch  addressed  those  who 
had  gathered  at  the  call  of  the  music,  and  Messrs.  Reese  and  Arnold  assumed 
the  traditional  hammer.  The  offers,  and,  of  course,  the  payments,  were  as 
follows : 


K  P.  Sheldon $120  00 

John  H.  Greer 100  00 

Myrick  &  Muucton 100  00 

J.  S.  Dillev..  100  00 


Steiner  &  Koneman. . 

W.  B.  Hickok 

Blum  &  Co 

Barney  McDuffy 

Charles  Gross 

Mrs.  John  W.  Greer.. 


50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
30  00 
30  00 
40  00 


H.  M.  Steele $20  00 

J.  Martin  Reese 

X.  C.  Hackett 

R.  C.  Buzan 

Mr.  McDuffy 

Master  J.  Dillev 

X.  A.  Keefee 

Geo.  Crandell 

Mrs.  Eliza  Elliott 

Klein  &  Boub. . 


20  00 
20  00 
20  00 
20  00 
25  00 
25  00 
10  00 
40  00 
25  00 


It  is  proper  to  add  that  Mrs.  Eliza  Elliott  did  not  bid,  but  gave  the  sum 
opposite  her  name.  She  was  not  present  at  the  sale,  being  proprietress  of  the 
old  stone  hotel,  the  Sierra  Nevada,  a  little  out  of  town,  and  being  engaged  at 
home.  Besides  her  gift  of  $40,  she  dispensed  certain  creature  comforts 
over  her  counter.  These,  however,  did  not  in  any  way  benefit  the  sanitary- 
fund,  and  it  is  not  probable  that  they  were  of  advantage  to  the  sanitary  cause. 
Messrs.  Klein  &  Boub,  also,  were  hospitable  as  well  as  generous. 

The  procession — designated  in  the  local  chronicles  as  the  Army  of  the  Lord 
— reached  the  city  of  Dayton  at  four  P.  M.  Judge  Haydon,  who,  we  are 


468 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK 


told,  "  has  not  his  equal  as  an  auctioneer  in  this  or  any  other  country,1'  stood 
up  in  the  rain,  and  made  sales  as  follows : 


Capt.  John  Day $10000 

Ilarrub  &  Co 

F.  Birdsall 

A.  W.  Russell 

J.  P.  Bause 

Meyer  &  Co 

Harley  Fay  (Corno) 

Dan  Kendrick 

W.  T.  Earned 

M.  J.  Henley 

Overland  Saloon 

Frank  Kennedy 

William  Gates 

Master  James  Mark  well 

"      James  Diiley 

Ben  Hazeltine . . 


100  00 
125  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
50  00 
40  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 
25  00 


Judge  Ilaydon $25  00 

Judge  Ilaydon  also  gave  liis  hat, 

and  bought  it  back  at 10  00 

Hardy,  Blanchard  &  Van  Gordor        50  00 

N.  P.  Sheldon  50  00 

L.  P.  Howard  &  Co 50  00 

William  Gates  (second  bid) 35  00 

Mr.  Dalzell 30  00 

All  other  bids 207  50 

To  this  sum  should  bo  added 
$600,  which  Messrs.  Kennedy 
and  Russell  were  authorized  to 
and  did  subscribe  for  certain 
citizens  of  Dayton . .  000  00 


Total  in  Day  ten $1,847  50 


The  Army  of  the  Lord  stopped  again  at  Silver  City,  on  its  way  home. 
Here  they  learned  that,  during  their  absence  at  Dayton,  a  large  bug,  which 
had  been  captured  in  the  act  of  crawling  upon  a  man's  leg,  had  been  sold  at 
auction  for  $10 ;  and  that  a  man  who  had  spoken  disrespectfully  of  the  bug 
had  been  well  thrashed  for  it.  This  remarkable  incident  started  the  bidding 
again,  and  the  sack  was  sold  several  times  more,  as  follows  : 

Jo.  Trench $100  00        Mr.  Garten $10  00 

Silver  City  Guard 

Charles  Sherman 

John  Briggs 

Employ oes  of  French's  Mills. . . 

David  Hastings 

Caspar  Hopp 

John  W.  Greer 

R.  T.  Mullett. . 


50  00 
20  00 
00  00 
40  00 
40  00 
10  00 
10  00 
10  00 


A.  W.  Atkins 

Capt.  Terry 

Member  of  Silver  City  Guards. . 

C.  V.  Boisot 

M.  Goldsticker 

Capt.  Uzney 

James  Kennedy 

J.  II.  B.  Foster.. 


10  00 
10  00 
10  00 
10  00 
20  00 
25  00 
25  00 
20  00 


The  total  bid  of  Silver  City,  at  the  two  sittings,  was  thus  $1.375. 

Supplementary  bidding  had  in  the  mean  time  been  going  on  at  Gold  Hill, 
increasing  the  total  offer  of  that  place  to  $6,750. 

The  army  now  moved  upon  the  works  of  Virginia  City,  enveloped  and 
took  them  by  storm.  It  was  here  proposed,  as  a  novelty,  to  sell  the  flour  by 
auction  for  the  benefit  of  the  sanitary  fundf  Mr.  Bonner,  superintendent,  and 
the  employees  of  the  Gould  and  Curry  Mines,  ''raised  Austin  out  of  her  boots 
with  one  magnificent  bid  of  $3,500.  The  cheering  was  not  altogether  light." 
Other  bids  were : 


THE   SACK   AT  SACRAMENTO. 


469 


Potosi  Silver  Mining  Company..      $550  00 
Chollar    "            "  500  00 

Empire  Mill  and  Mining  Co 500  00 


Stewart  &  Baldwin $500  00 

Land  &  Brother 500  00 

All  other  bids 6,945  00 


Total -,L $12,995  00 

Besides  a  vast  amount  of  mining  stock  and  a  handsome  double-barrelled  gun  ! 

The  sack  was  soon  after  sold  at  Sacramento,  where  $2,500  were  realized. 

and  reached  San  Francisco  towards  the  end  of  May.     Mr.  Gridley  at  this  time 


NEVADA   SCENERY. 


received  a  letter  from  Dr.  Bellows,  then  in  California,  in  which  were  the  fol- 
lowing passages :  "  The  history  of  your  sack  of  flour  is  undoubted!}''  more 
interesting  and  peculiar  tlian  that  of  any  sack  recorded,  short  of  the  sack  of 
Troy,  and  it  would  take  another  Homer  to  write  it.  I  rejoice  that  you  do  not 

have  to  carry  on  your  shoulders  all  the  money  it  has  made By- 

tlie-way,  Nevada  flour  seems  to  rise  without  yeast.  Is  there  any  connection 
between  'Grid' — an  affectionate  title  I  hear  used  in  addressing  you — and 
griddle-cakes?  And  are  they  made  of  your  flour?  Jesting  apart,  allow  me 
to  congratulate  you  and  your  associates  upon  your  splendid  success  in  our 


470  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

common  cause.     If  it  goes  no  further,  it  will  make  Reese  River  and  Nevada 
Territory  shining  parts  of  the  history  of  our  sanitary  fund  on  the  Pacific." 

On  the  evening  of  the  28th  of  May,  a  large  audience  was  assembled  at  the 
Metropolitan  Theatre,  San  Francisco.  The  regular  performance  consisted  of 
the  comedy  of  "  Love  and  Champagne"  and  a  recitation  of  Drake's  "  Ode  to  the 
American  Flag,"  with  an  irregular  episode  in  the  form  of  a  sale  by  auction  of 
the  Gridley-Herrick  bale  of  flour.  At  the  conclusion  of  the  first  part  Mr. 
Charles  L.  Wiggin  made  a  few  remarks,  in  the  course  of  which  he  said  that 
the  entertainment  which  was  to  follow  had  won  golden  opinions  from  all  who 
had  witnessed  it ;  that  though  but  a  sack  of  flou  r,  innumerable  poultices  could 
be  made  from  it ;  that  when  the  very  last  bidder  should  have  made  his  very 
last  offer,  it  was  the  intention  of  Mr.  Gridley  to  make  the  sack  up  into 
"batter"  cakes,  and  bombard  the  walls  of  rebellious  Richmond  with  a  block- 
ade of  apple-dumplings.  Mr.  Wiggin  would  introduce  that  well-known  citizen, 
Jerome  Rice,  who  had  so  far  overcome  his  native  modesty  as  to  agree  to  act 
as  auctioneer.  Jerome,  the  auctioneer,  had  consented  for  once  to  enact  the 
part  of  Jerome,  the  martyr.  "Let  us,  then,  second  his  efforts,  and  make  such 
a  demonstration  to-night  as,  when  the  story  shall  have  flashed  across  the  wires, 
shall  cause  the  invocation  to  rise,  as  it  has  a  thousand  times  before,  to  heaven, 
from  wounded  and  suffering  soldiers,  of  God  bless  California,  the  Soldiers' 
Friend." 

The  Rice-flour  was  now  offered  for  sale.  Messrs.  Grover,  Baker  &  Co.,  of 
sewing-machine  fame,  put  in  the  liberal  bid  of  $625,  the  largest  made  during 
the  evening.  The  next  bid,  $500,  was  from  the  manager  and  company  of  the 
Metropolitan  Theatre.  The  proposals  then  proceeded  as  follows 

C.  P.  Toiler $100  00         J.  Williams $20  00 

J.  S.  Book 100  00        H.  D.  Felton 10  00 

Union  Guard 100  00         J.  McWilliams 20  00 

Fire  Department 100  00         W.  J.  Farwell 50  00 

J.  F.  Greemnan 100  00        Mrs.  Hunt 10  00 

S.  Prieto 3000         L.  J.  Ewing 2000 

J.F.Taylor 20000        F.W.Eaton 1000 

J.  D.  Forrest 20  00        E.  C.  Carleton 50  00 

Mrs.  E.  F.  Stewart 20  00         C.  P.  Duane  25  00 

W.  E.  Roberts  10  00         J.  Martenstein  50  00 

G.  W.  Martin 10  00  

Total $2,180  00 

The  sale  of  the  flour  being  concluded,  the  auctioneer  announced  that 
Major  Stratman  had  placed  in  his  hands  a  controller's  warrant,  being  value 


THE   SACK   IN  VIRGINIA  CITY.  471 

for  $62.89,  which  lie  would  dispose  of  in  the  same  way  as  the  sanitary  sack. 
The  sale  commenced,  amid  deafening  calls  and  cheers  for  the  major,  as  follows . 

W.  B.  Farwell $62  00        J.  Ward  Eaton $62  00 

W.  M.  Hickson 6200        D.  L.  Riddle 6300 

0.  Koopmans 62  00        Mr.  Lyon 63  00 

N.  P.  Perlrine 62  00 

Total . .  $436  00 


The  last  bidder,  Mr.  Lyon,  who  was  a  brewer  and  maltster,  apparently 
enjoyed  a  vast  popularity,  for  at  the  mention  of  his  name  a  deafening  uproar 
arose,  which  for  a  time  put  a  stop  to  all  proceedings  upon  the  stage.  To 
break  the  monotony  of  this  clamor,  in  his  particular  neighborhood  at  least,  a 
gentleman  drew  from  his  pocket  two  Treasury  notes,  each  of  the  value  of  $10, 
and  proposed  a  sale.  There  were  four  bidders,  as  follows : 

George  Hayward $15  00         J.  Hardy $5  00 

Dr.  Tozer.  .  70  00        James  C.  Patrick. .  20  00 


Total $1 10  00 

One  more  episode,  and  the  benevolent  diversions  of  the  evening  were 
brought  to  a  close.  Mr.  Duane  mentioned  to  the  audience  that  a  young  man, 
a  mere  boy,  who  had  been  a  drummer  in  the  Ninth  New  York  Militia,  and  had 
lost  a  leg  at  Fredericksburg,  was  behind  the  scenes.  His  name  was  William 
Hawkins,  and  he  was  anxious  to  obtain  the  means  of  purchasing  a  cork  leg. 
William  Hawkins  was  immediately  called  for,  and  soon  appeared;  the  enthu- 
siasm and  sympathy  knew  no  bounds  ;  the  multitude  rocked  and  tossed  with 
emotion ;  the  air  was  rent  with  Californian  thunder.  Unluckily,  the  audience 
had  no  gold  left ;  nothing  remained  but  silver,  and  that  half-dollars ;  and  so  it 
very  soon  began  to  hail.  When  the  shower  subsided,  and  Mr.  Hawkins  could 
count  his  gains,  he  found  himself  the  better  by  $146.  Here  the  proceedings 
ended ;  the  army,  either  in  the  person  of  the  drummer-boy,  or  represented  by 
the  Sanitary  Commission,  had  been  made  the  beneficiary  of  the  snug  sum, 
even  on  the  gold  coast,  of  $2,872 — in  coin,  of  course. 

In  the  mean  time,  friends  of  the  cause  had  been  selling  the  absent  sack 
several  scores  of  times  more  in  Virginia  City,  and  throughout  the  silver  dis- 
trict of  Washoe.  Though  lost  to  sight,  to  memoiy  dear  it  certainly  was,  for 
it  brought  more  money  to  the  treasury  when  travelling  in  California  than 
while  it  remained  at  home  in  Nevada.  The  receipts  in  Washoe  reached  the 


472  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

marvellous  sum  of  $22,000,  besides  those  we  have  already  mentioned ;  so  that 
when  the  sack  embarked  at  San  Francisco  for  the  Atlantic  States,  its  credit 
account  was  just  $63,000  in  coin,  and  it  owned  three  blocks  of  lots  in  Austin, 
worth  $7,000,  and  a  house  and  lot  in  Dayton ;  all  sums  realized  having  been 
paid  over  to  the  local  treasuries  of  the  commission.  It  reached  New  York  in 
January,  1865,  accompanied  by  Mr.  Gridley ;  attended  by  him  also  it  started 
for  the  "West  soon  afterwards,  and  under  his  auspices  was  offered  for  sale  at 
St.  Louis.  Manners  and  customs  do  not  bear  transplanting,  however,  espe- 
cially when  they  are  very  peculiar,  and  Missouri  did  not  altogether  appreciate 
the  idea  introduced  from  Nevada.  Nevertheless,  some  $4,000  were  added  to 
the  fund,  but  these  dollars  were  greenbacks,  not  yellow-boys. 

We  have  not  yet  done  with  the  Pacific  Coast.  Marysville,  in  California, 
was  holding  a  sanitary  fair,  and  a  small  boy,  bearing  a  chicken  in  his  arms, 
presented  himself  at  the  door,  seeking  admission  for 
himself  and  his  charge.  The  chicken  was  decorated 
with  streamers  of  red,  white,  and  blue — decked  for  the 
slaughter,  for  the  boy  had  brought  it,  he  said,  to  be 
made  into  broth  for  some  sick  soldier.  He  had  no 
money  to  pay  for  a  ticket,  and  the  man  at  the  door, 
sternly  pointing  at  a  placard  making  discourteous 
reference  to  a  free-list,  ruthlessly  repulsed  him.  He 
went  away,  weeping  and  caressing  his  chicken ;  a  gen- 
tleman asked  the  cause  of  his  grief,  heard  his  story, 
bought  him  a  ticket,  and  made  the  incident  known  to 
THE  GOLDEN  oiucKEN  OK  the  visitors  within.  The  simplicity  of  the  child,  the 

MARV8\  1I.LE. 

beauty  of  the  chicken,  and  the  sympathy  of  the  wit- 
nesses, all  tended  one  way :  there  was  but  one  issue  possible  out  of  such  a 
strait,  and  that  was  an  auction,  after  the  Gridlian  process.  The  chicken  was 
placed  upon  the  block,  and  the  sacrifice  commenced ;  the  hammer  of  the 
executioner  was  not  stayed  till  this  be-ribboned  spring  chicken,  weighing  per- 
haps a  pound,  feathers,  beak,  claws,  and  all,  and  containing  the  material  for 
a  scant  bowl-full  of  broth,  was  sold  to  various  bidders — purchasers  all — for 
$460,  in  American  gold.  To  have  boiled  this  chicken  into  broth  would  have 
been  to  kill  the  goose  with  the  golden  eggs  over  again.  Her  life  was  spared, 
and  the  last  Pacific  mail  that  contained  any  reference  to  her  at  all,  stated  that 
she  was  comfortably  settled  in  a  sitting  posture,  and  was  expected  to  remain 
so  for  three  weeks.  Several  omelettes  had  been  lost,  but  nine  more  chickens 
were  confidently  expected. 


PACIFIC   AND   ATLANTIC   METHODS.  473 

We  conclude  these  brief  references  to  California!!  methods  with"  two 
extracts  from  San  Francisco  telegrams  to  the  Associated  Atlantic  Press  :  "  The 
sums  collected  throughout  the  state,  at  the  recent  election,  for  the  Sanitary 
Commission,  in  boxes  placed  at  the  polls,  amounted  to  $14,500."  "  Heavy 
subscriptions  to  the  sanitary  fund,  accompanied  by  harmless  earthquakes." 
Favored  region,  where  the  good  deeds  of  the  inhabitants  convulse  the  soil ! 
Not  enough,  indeed,  to  rend  the  earth  and  topple  cities  into  the  chasms,  but 
just  sufficiently  to  punctuate  the  subscriptions  and  round  off  the  thousands. 

Some  of  our  Eastern  methods  of  serving  the  country,  nevertheless,  are  not 
altogether  despicable,  though  nature  has  never  seemed  to  notice  any  of  them 
particularly,  unless  a  severe  thunder-storm  during  a  meeting  to  stimulate 
recruiting  in  Jefferson  may  be  considered  an  instance.  The  heavens  paid  no 
attention  to  the  establishment  of  a  Soldiers'  Widows'  Wood  Society,  in  Port- 
land, Maine,  nor  to  its  accumulation  of  a  fund  of  $7,000.  The  moon  looked 
serenely  down  upon  the  after-dark  labors  of  the  Sawbuck  Rangers  of  Bavaria, 
Ohio — a  knot  of  boys  too  young  to  go  to  the  war,  but  old  enough  to  saw 
hickory  logs  for  the  wives  of  those  who  had  gone.  The  thermometer  stood 
unflinchingly  at  zero,  when  the  merchants  of  New  Haven  sent  five  hundred 
pairs  of  mittens  to  a  benumbed  regiment  at  Brandy  Station.  There  was  a 
January  thaw,  precisely  as  usual,  when  a  certain  physician  of  Springfield, 
Massachusetts,  sent  in  his  receipted  bill  for  $50  to  a  soldier's  widow  who  had 
not  paid  him  a  cent,  "  in  consideration  of  the  services  rendered  to  his  country 
by  her  lamented  husband."  The  sun  shone  no  brighter  on  the  harvest  of  that 
fine  old  Hurnmelstown  farmer,  who  threw  open  his  granaries  to  the  families 
of  all  enlisting  men  in  Derry  township.  The  air  was  not  rent  with  applaud- 
ing thunders  when  ninety-three  wagon-loads  of  soldiers'  wood  entered  the 
Illinois  town  of  Springfield.  The  stars  did  not  start  from  their  spheres  when 
the  man  with  five  nephews  promised  them  $5,000  each  if  they  would  re-enlist, 
which  they  every  one  of  them  did.  The  clouds  did  not  gather,  neither  did 
they  disperse,  when,  in  June,  1865,  Mr.  Vincent  Colyer  was  enabled,  by  good 
people  in  New  York,  to  give  returning  regiments  a  feast  of  cherries  and  straw- 
berries, with  every  now  and  then  a  cluster  of  bananas  or  a  barrel  of  apples. 
Nor — to  put  the  indifference  of  the  skies,  in  the  Atlantic  regions,  in  the 
strongest  light — did  an  impending  shower  withhold  its  waters  from  the  hay- 
field  of  a  soldier's  wife,  in  Windham  County,  Connecticut,  when  twenty 
farmers  turned  out  one  Sunday  to  get  it  in  for  her.  And  yet  this  woman 
had  a  husband  in  the  hospital,  and  six  children  at  home  ! 

We  must  mention,  in  this  connection,  an  attempt  to  introduce  the  sanitary 


474 


THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 


GETTING   IN    11AV    tOK   A  SOUHUI    WIFE. 


auction  into  Maine.  The  ladies  of  Calais,  having,  by  dint  of  energy  and  per- 
suasion, succeeded  in  procuring  the  erection  of  a  new  town-hall,  and  the  said 
municipal  edifice,  on  its  completion,  requiring,  of  course,  certain  ceremonies 
of  inauguration,  it  was  thought  that  the  interest  of  the  townspeople  in 
the  finished  structure  might  be  turned  to  the  advantage  of  the  soldiers 
and  their  families.  So  an  entertainment  was  provided,  and  the  citizens  were 
bidden  to  the  feast.  Now  Dr.  0.  W.  Holmes  had  been  asked  to  contribute 
something  in  his  way — a  poem,  an  ode,  a  sonnet — which  might  be  sung  or 
spoken,  and  thus  aid  in  bringing  the  crowd,  and  satisfying  it  when  brought. 
But  Dr.  Holmes,  seeing  no  reason  why  he  should  comply  with  a  request  from 
Calais  which  he  had  been  obliged  to  deny  when  it  came  from  Dover — and 
other  places — excused  himself,  and  sent  instead  two  copies  of  his  published 
poems,  with  his  autograph  in  each.  As  the  device  of  sanitary  auctioneering 
had  never  been  tried  in  Calais,  and  as  an  opportunity  was  now  presented,  it 
was  resolved  to  profit  by  it.  The  block  was  erected  in  view  of  the  assembled 


THE   KEARXY   CROSS. 


475 


multitude,  the  volumes  were  placed  upon  it,  with  the  hammer  of  Damocles 
suspended  over  them.  No  less  a  sum  than  $205  was  paid  for  the  books  the 
first  night.  The  purchaser,  having  no  use  for  duplicates,  returned  one  copy, 
which  was  sold  at  a  second  performance,  given  for  the  benefit  of  the  hall. 
The  old  lady  who  offered  Tarquin  nine  books  at  a  certain  price,  and  after- 
wards charged  him  as  much  for  three  of  them,  has  been  beaten  by  the  auction- 
eer of  Calais ;  for  he  received  more  for  one  than  for  two.  The  duplicate 
volume  was  sold  twice — once  for  $180,  and  again  for  $50.  The  Doctor's  letter 
was  next  brought  to  the  block,  and  sold  for  $20 ;  and  an  original  composition 
by  a  young  lady  of  the  society,  when  subjected  to  the  same  test,  was  found 
to  be  worth  half  as  much.  A  complete  set  of  Cooper's  Works  was  next 
offered.  This  was  not  that  series  of  charming  tales  which  the  reader  natu- 
rally supposes  it  to  have  been,  but  half  a  dozen  miniature  cedar-wood  pails, 
pink  and  white  in  streaks,  neatly  fitted  with  handles  of  brass.  These  were 
found  to  be  worth  twenty  times  as  much  at  auction  as  at  retail.  Altogether, 
the  soldiers'  cause  was  the  better  by  $575  for  the  opening  of  the  new  town- 
hall,  and  the  playing  of  that  inspiring  game  sometimes  called  "  Who  speaks 
last?" 

Civilians,  whose  store  had  been  blessed  by  Providence,  might  promote  the 
efficiency  of  the  army,  not  only  by  filling  its 
ranks,  but  by  stimulating  its  zeal.  And  this  has 
been  done  by  many ;  and  first,  perhaps,  in  the 
method  we  now  refer  to,  by  Mr.  George  Bullock, 
of  Philadelphia.  While  the  Army  of  the  Poto- 
mac was  opposite  Fredericksburg,  General  Birney, 
anxious  to  reward  those  of  his  division  who  had 
performed  conspicuous  acts  of  gallantry,  and  to 
stimulate  the  ardor  of  the  whole  command,  or- 
dered fifteen  hundred  Kearny  Crosses  to  be 
struck,  the  expense  to  be  borne  by  himself  and 
his  officers.  Mr.  Bullock  paid  the  bill,  without 
the  knowledge  of  General  Birney.  The  latter, 
hearing  of  the  occurrence,  assented  to  the  new 
arrangement,  on  condition  that  Mr.  Bullock 
should  be  present  at  the  presentation.  This 
took  place  at  division  head-quarters,  the  com- 
mand being  drawn  up  in  hollow  square,  Gen- 
erals Meade,  Birney,  and  Sickles,  with  their  staffs,  occupying  the  centre. 


THE   KEARNY    CROSS. 


476  .  THE   TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

The  ceremonial  was  brief:  speeches  by  Generals  Sickles  and  Birney,  the 
presentation,  music ;  the  whole  being  watched  with  intense  interest  by  a  few 
ladies,  who  had  been  attracted  from  home  by  a  generous  sympathy  with 
brave  deeds.  In  February,  1864,  Mr.  Bullock  supplied  the  division  with 
mittens,  seventy-five  hundred  pairs  being  required  for  the  purpose ;  and  has, 
in  many  ways,  direct  and  indirect,  given  aid  and  succor  to  the  soldier.  Few. 
perhaps  none,  have  done  more. 

Aid  has  been  largely  rendered  to  the  families  of  volunteers,  by  the  trades, 
associations,  or  bodies  to  which  the  enlisting  men  previously  belonged.  Out 
of  hundreds  of  instances  of  this  we  give  two — the  Metropolitan  Police  Fund 
of  New  York,  and  the  Fort  Pitt  Belief  Association  of  Pittsburgh. 

By  the  close  of  April,  1861,  quite  a  number  of  the  policemen  of  New  York 
had  resigned,  to  take  service  in  the  army,  and  many  others  were  willing  to  do 
so,  if  provision  could  be  made  for  their  families.  Early  in  May,  a  meeting 
of  representatives  from  the  various  precincts  was  held,  and  a  relief  association 
was  formed,  with  the  following  officers  : 

President,  Vice-President, 

INSPECTOR  CARPENTER.  CAPT.  GEO.  W.  WALLING. 

Secretary,  Treasurer, 

SERGEANT  JAMES  A.  LUCAS.  JOHN  G.  BERGEN. 

Executive  Committee, 
CAPT.  WALLING,         SERGEANT  CLARK  KNAPP,          PATROLMAN  FRANCIS  F.  MANN. 

A  resolution  was  passed,  assessing  the  members  of  the  force  according  to 
their  rank,  in  monthly  sums — the  fund  thus  collected  to  be  paid  by  the  treas- 
urer, under  advisement  of  the  executive  committee,  to  the  families  of  the 
police  volunteers.  This  assessment  has  been  promptly  and  cheerfully  met,  by 
every  officer  and  man  in  the  force,  with  the  exception  of  one  precinct,  which 
has  not  contributed.  Forty  or  fifty  dollars  a  month  were  at  first  paid  to  each 
family,  whether  its  head  were  a  private  or  held  a  commission.  As  the  num- 
ber of  enlistments  increased,  it  was  decided  to  make  no  payments  to  the  fam- 
ilies of  officers ;  and  the  sums  to  be  paid,  during  the  war,  to  the  families  of 
privates,  were  permanently  fixed  as  follows :  If  the  volunteer  were  married, 
his  wife  should  receive  $20  a  month,  and  every  child  under  sixteen  years  of 
age,  $3  a  month ;  if  not  married,  all  fathers,  mothers,  or  sisters,  solely  de- 
pendent upon  him  for  support,  should  receive  $15  a  month.  The  force  pledged 
themselves  to  continue  this  provision,  as  long  as  one  single  member  of  their 


THE  METROPOLITAN  POLICE  FUND. 


477 


SUISSOEIliKKS   TO   TIJE   FLrXl>   FOU   TUB    RELIEF   OF    FAMILIES   OF   POLICE    VOLU.NT.EEKa. 


body  remained  in  the  armies  of  the  country.  Forty-five  families  were  at  one 
time  upon  the  pay-rolls,  two  or  three  receiving  $35  a  month,  the  others  rang- 
ing from  $23  to  $29.  The  monthly  amount  collected  has  been  from  $800 
to  $1,000,  and  the  whole  amount  contributed  by  the  force  somewhat  over 
$40,000.  Besides  this,  the  contribution  of  the  police  to  the  Metropolitan 
Fair  was,  as  has  been  stated,  nearly  $5,000.  A  donation  of  lemons  to  the 
army,  in  the  summer  of  1863,  cost  them  $1,000  ;  and  the  bringing  home  and 
interment  of  the  bodies  of  their  fallen  comrades,  some  $400  more.  Such  is 
the  honorable  record  of  the  Metropolitan  Police.  Such  may  be  anywhere  the 
result  of  the  mingling  of  the  spirit  of  patriotism  with — we  have  no  adequate 
English  expression — the  esprit  du  corps. 

Late  in  the  year  1862,  the  members  and  employees  of  the  Fort  Pitt  Foun- 
dry of  Pittsburgh  drew  up  and  signed  articles  of  association,  of  which  the 
following  is  a  copy  : 

"  We,  the  undersigned,  members  and  employees  of  the  Fort  Pitt  Foundry, 
do  hereby  contribute  the  proportion  of  labor  or  work,  in  money,  below  men- 
tioned, for  the  support  of  the  families  who  have  left,  or  may  hereafter  leave, 
these  works  to  join  the  army. 

"  This  fund  to  be  kept  up  during  the  war,  and  to  be  distributed  by  a  com- 
mittee of  five,  one  from  each — the  office,  foundry,  boring-mill,  pattern-shop, 


478 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


and  chipping  ai-d  machine  shops.  The  committee  to  be  appointed,  and 
vacancies  to  be  filled,  by  the  members  of  the  different  departments;  and 
members  of  the  committee  do  hereby  pledge  themselves  to  a  faithful  perform- 
ance of  their  duties." 


COMMITTEE. 


President, 
WM.  METOALF,  Office. 

Treasurer, 
O.  METCALF. 


Vice- President, 
Jos.  M.  KNAP. 


Secretary, 
W.  B.  M.  EWEN,  Pattern-shop. 


Cashier, 
JAS»  G.  KNAP. 

JOHN  CUPPLES,  Foundry.  KOBEUT  DICKSON,  Boring-mill. 

J.  HACKENDORN,  Chipping  and  Machine-shop. 

The  sum  to  be  contributed  was  at  first  fixed  at  the  proceeds  of  two  days' 
labor  per  month  for  each  man  in  the  office,  and  one  day's  labor  per  month 
for  each  working  man.  It  was  found,  however,  that  under  this  arrangement 
funds  accumulated  too  rapidly,  and  the  amounts  to  be  furnished  were  re- 
duced one  half.  The  association  has  raised  on  an  average  $250  a  month, 
and  not  long  ago  supported  the  families  of  seventeen  soldiers  who  had 
enlisted  from  the  foundry,  giving  to  each  about  $5  a  week,  and  supplying 
them  with  coal  during  the  winter.  In  case  of  sickness,  the  association  fur- 
nished a  physician  and  paid  his  bills. 

Some  months  since,  the  society  had  a  balance  on  hand  of  $2,000,  and 
this  was  increasing.  In  case  of  the  death  of  a  soldier,  or  total  destitution 
of  a  soldier's  family,  a  portion  of  this  balance  was  placed  at  their  disposal, 
usually  in  the  form  of  a  small  capital,  with  which  to  start  in  business  upon 
their  own  account. 

There  are  many  associations  in  the  country  similar  to  the  Fort  Pitt 
Eelief  Association.  Experience  has  shown  that  there  is  no  more  ready  means 
of  raising  a  fund  than  that  thus  adopted ;  and  those  who  must  receive  their 
means  of  support  from  other  hands  than  those  of  their  lawful  protectors, 
may  take  it  with  less  hesitation  from  the  comrades  and  fellow-workmen  of 
their  husbands  and  fathers,  than  from  any  other  giver. 

The  association  has  received  about  $10,000  since  its  formation,  two  thirds 
of  which  have  been  disbursed,  while  the  remainder  is,  or  was  recently,  invested 
for  future  contingencies. 


TWENTY-INCH    GCX. 


THE  AMATEUR  PERFORMANCE.  479 

We  may  with  propriety  say  here,  that 
few  have  done  more,  by  voluntary  contri-    Jj 

-=s?§&?k?^B^KMi     ^fct!T  HBBi^F-' 

butions  to  the  cause,  than  Mr.  Knap,  the  1  P^"*lP0^^^^  $  ': 

'-•     ,">•':  ilr-^-s*-—.*-*  ' 

proprietor  of  the  foundry.  On  one  occa- 
sion, a  twenty-inch  gun  was  placed  on  ex- 
hibition in  the  soldiers'  behalf,  Mr.  Knap 
engaging  to  give  dollar  for  dollar.  The  pub- 
lic contributed  $500,  and  Mr.  Knap  as  much. 

Having  thus  been  led  to  resume  the  subject  of  relief  to  soldiers'  families, 
we  may  properly  refer  to  an  amateur  entertainment  of  unusual  attraction, 
given  in  Cincinnati  in  February,  1865,  for  their  benefit,  being  nothing  less 
than  the  play  of  Hamlet  enacted  by  amateurs,  with  an  original  prologue, 
written  and  spoken  by  T.  Buchanan  Eead.  The  programme  was  skilfully 
composed  to  excite  the  public  curiosity,  and  is  given  in  the  two  first  columns 
below ;  the  third  column  was  published  afterwards,  to  allay  the  curiosity  so 
adroitly  stimulated : 

Claudius,  King  of  Denmark.  An  old  county  officer E.  P.  Cranch. 

Haiulet Lieutenant-Governor  of  Ohio Lieut.-Gov.  Chas.  Anderson. 

T,  ,     .  (A  gentleman  of1  the  Treasury  De-  ) 

Pol°mUS ]      partment 7          |  Oliver  S.  Love!  1. 

Laertes A  Kentucky  lawyer Oliver  W.  Root. 

Horatio A  Pearl  Street  merchant M.  J.  Mack. 

Rosencrantz A  popular  architect James  W.  Mclaughlin. 

Guildenstern A  late  colonel  of  U.  S.  Volunteers. Col.  N.  Lord. 

Osric A  hardware  merchant Waldo  C.  Booth. 

Priest A  tobacco  merchant E.  B.  Hinman. 

Marcellns A  teacher  in  a  public  school James  E.  Sherwood. 

Bernardo An  old  army  surgeon Dr.  S.  G.  Menzies. 

Captain  of  Norway  forces.  .A  captain  of  the  U.  S.  Army Capt.  T.  P.  Anderson. 

Francisco A  young  merchant N.  Heinsheimer. 

First  Grave-Digger A  prominent  office-holder Enoch  T.  Carson. 

Second  Grave-Digger A  Treasury  Department  official  . .  .D.  G.  Barnitz. 

First  Player A  manufacturer  of  the  16th  Ward,.T.  R.  Elliot. 

Second  Player An  attorney  and  editor D.  Thew  Wright. 

Ghost  of  Hamlet's  Father.  .A  captain  of  the  National  Guard..  .Wm.  Disney. 

Courtiers,  Attendants,  Assisting  Priests,  &c. : 

Ed.  Davenport,  Wm.  P.  Noble,  Rowland  Ellis,  Jr.,  Col.  W.  Thomas,  Henry  Davis,  Jno. 
Baker,  Col.  Thos.  L.  Young,  Sam.  R.  Matthews,  Jas.  K.  Wilson,  Isaiah  Davenport,  Chas. 
R.  Marshall,  H.  Shreve,  Thos.  N.  Withenbury,  Elisha  Norton,  and  Jas.  C.  Root. 

The  female  characters  were  sustained  by  professional  performers.  This 
pleasant  scheme  for  replenishing  an  impoverished  treasury  was  brilliantlv 
successful,  some  $7,000  being  its  direct  pecuniary  result.  From  Mr.  Bead's 
prologue  we  make  the  following  extract : 


480  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Our  Soldiers'  Families!     Mark  the  glorious  sight, 
For  them  the  Swan  of  Avon  sings  to-night, — 
The  earth's  great  laureate,  whose  immortal  skill 
Created  worlds  and  peopled  them  at  will ; 
Whose  wizard  wand,  at  one  majestic  swing, 
Could  make  a  kingdom  or  dethrone  a  king — 
For  them  he  bids  the  spectre-monarch  rise, — 
For  them  the  sweet  Ophelia  sings  and  dies, 
For  them  he  asks  a  sovereign  of  our  own, 
To  leave  to-night  his  magisterial  throne, 
To  lay  aside  awhile  his  genial  vein, 
To  look  and  think  and  be  the  melancholy  Dane. 

Our  Soldiers'  Families !     For  them  here  have  come 
This  generous  audience,  packed  from  pit  to  dome ; 
For  them  (would  it  were  worthier)  here  I  lay 
Upon  their  altar  this,  my  light  bouquet. 
And  if,  perchance,  their  kindly  eyes  should  view, 
Among  the  leaves,  some  random  drops  of  dew, 
Believe  them  each  the  poet's  loving  tear, 
In  secret  shed  beside  some  patriot's  bier. 

[We  desire  here  to  be  permitted  to  introduce  an  episode,  irrelevant  enough. 
It  is  no  part  of  our  plan — of  this  the  reader  has  been  warned — to  do  justice  or 
to  offer  tribute  to  those  who  have  given  their  lives  to  the  cause.  Our  subject 


FITZ  JAMES   O  BIUKN. 


treats  of  those  who  have  given  of  their  means :  the  other  is  a  distinct,  and, 
certainly,  a  far  nobler  theme.  But  of  one  life,  a  desire  to  promote  the  render- 
ing of  proper  tribute  to  him  who  gave  it,  at  another  time  and  in  another  form, 
prompts  us  to  speak.  Fitz  James  O'Brien,  an  Irishman  by  birth,  an  American 
by  adoption,  a  poet  by  grace,  a  soldier  by  nature,  fell  early  in  the  war  against 


THE   COUNTERSIGN. 


481 


the  rebellion,  not,  however,  without  exacting  life  for  life.  He  has  left  behind 
him  the  materials  for  a  thoroughly  charming  volume,  which  need  but  to  be 
collected  to  find  hearty  admirers  and  eager  possessors.  Has  not  the  time 
come  for  this  labor  of  love  to  be  undertaken  ?L  We  have  been  engrossed  with 
more  pressing  matters,  but  delay  can  no  longer  in  honor  be  justified.  Who 
will  assume  the  task  ?  Premising  that  O'Brien's  war  poems,  written  in  the 
midst  of  arduous  camp  duties,  are  not  his  best,  we  make  room  for  one  of 
them,  as  more  properly  falling  within  the  scope  of  this  volume.  The  follow- 
ing lines  were  written  in  Camp  Cameron,  in  July,  1861 :] 

THE   COUNTERSIGN. 


Alas !  the  weary  hours  pass  slow, 

The  night  is  very  dark  and  still, 
And  in  the  marshes  far  below 

I  hear  the  bearded  whip-poor-will. 
I  scarce  can  see  a  yard  ahead, 

My  ears  are  strained  to  catch  each  sound ; 
I  hear  the  leaves  about  me  shed,      [ground. 

And  the  springs  bubbling  through  the 

Along  the  beaten  path  I  pace, 

Where  white  rags  mark  my  sentry's  track ; 
In  formless  shrubs  I  seem  to  trace 

The  foeman's  form  with  bending  back. 
I  think  I  see  him  crouching  low, 

I  stop  and  list — I  stoop  and  peer — 
Until  the  neighboring  hillocks  grow 

To  groups  of  soldiers  far  and  near. 

With  ready  piece  I  wait  and  watch, 

Until  mine  eyes,  familiar  grown, 
Detect  each  harmless  earthen  notch, 

And  turn  guerrillas  into  stone. 
And  then  amid  the  lonely  gloom, 

Beneath  the  weird  old  tulip-trees, 
My  silent  marches  I  resume, 

And  think  on  other  times  than  these. 

Sweet  visions  through  the  silent  night ! 

The  deep  bay-windows  fringed  with  vine  ; 
The  room  within,  in  softened  light, 

The  tender,  milk-white  hand  in  mine, 
The  timid  pressure,  and  the  pause 

That  ofttimes  overcame  our  speech — 
That  time  when  by  mysterious  laws 

We  each  felt  all  in  all  to  each. 


And  then,  that  bitter,  bitter  day, 

When  came  the  final  hour  to  part, 
When  clad  in  soldier's  honest  gray, 

I  pressed  her  weeping  to  my  heart. 
Too  proud  of  me  to  bid  me  stay, 

Too  fond  of  me  to  let  me  go, 
I  had  to  tear  myself  away, 

And  left  her  stolid  in  her  woe. 

So  rose  the  dream — so  passed  the  night 

When  distant  in  the  darksome  glen, 
Approaching  up  the  sombre  height, 

I  heard  the  solid  march  of  men; 
Till  over  stubble,  over  sward, 

And  fields  where  lay  the  golden  sheaf, 
I  saw  the  lantern  of  the  guard 

Advancing  with  the  night  relief. 

"  Halt !  who  goes  there  ?"  my  challenge-cry 

It  rings  along  the  watchful  line. 
"  Relief!"  I  hear  a  voice  reply. 

"Advance,  and  give  the  countersign!" 
With  bayonet  at  the  charge,  I  wait, 

The  corporal  gives  the  mystic  spell; 
With  arms  at  port  I  charge  my  mate, 

And  onward  pass,  and  all  is  well. 

But  in  the  tent  that  night  awake, 

I  think,  if  in  the  fray  I  fall, 
Can  I  the  mystic  answer  make 

Whene'er  the  angelic  sentries  call  ? 
And  pray  that  Heaven  may  so  ordain, 

That  when  I  near  the  camp  divine, 
Whether  in  travail  or  in  pain, 

I  too  may  have  the  countersign. 


Two  very  important  objects,  not  so  much  connected  with  the  war  as  with 
the  disbanding  of  the  army,  remain  to  be  noticed:  the  procuring  of  suitable 


31 


482  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

employment  for  disabled  men,  and  the  maintenance  and  education  of  soldiers' 
orphans ;  the  one  obtained  by  the  establishment  of  protective  and  employment 
societies,  the  other  by  the  opening  of  orphan  homes. 

The  first  employment  society  commenced  its  operations  as  a  Protec- 
tive War  Claim  Association,  and  its  early  history  may  be  briefly  told,  as 
follows : 

On  Monday,  January  19th,  1863,  a  meeting  of  gentlemen  was  held  at  the 
Directors'  Room  of  the  Merchants'  Bank,  in  New  York,  to  consider  the  pro- 
priety of  organizing  an  association  for  the  protection  of  soldiers  and  sailors 
and  their  families  having  claims  upon  the  government.  Such  an  association 
was  soon  afterwards  formed,  under  the  presidency  of  Lieutenant-General  Scott, 
and  with  an  executive  committee  consisting  of  Messrs.  Howard  Potter,  Wm. 
E.  Dodge,  Jr.,  and  Theodore  Roosevelt.  Its  objects  were : 

1st.  To  secure  to  soldiers  and  sailors  and  their  families  any  claims  for 
pensions,  pay  or  bounty,  &c.,  without  cost  to  the  claimant. 

2d.  To  protect  soldiers  and  sailors  and  their  families  from  imposture  and 
fraud. 

3d.  To  prevent  false  claims  from  being  made  against  the  government. 

4th.  To  give  gratuitous  advice  and  information  to  soldiers  and  sailors,  or 
their  families,  needing  it. 

The  existence  of  this  society  gradually  became  known  to  discharged 
soldiers  and  others,  who  hastened  to  profit  by  the  knowledge  that  their  claims 
could  be  collected  without  the  necessity  of  employing  agents,  at  the  sacrifice 
of  a  large  portion  of  the  claims  themselves. 

The  business  done  by  the  association,  at  this  date,  might  be  divided  into 
four  classes :  the  first  class  being  the  regular  claims  for  pensions,  bounty,  and 
arrears  of  pay ;  the  second,  the  collection  of  prize-money ;  the  third,  the  col- 
lection of  money  due  discharged  soldiers,  which,  through  the  carelessness  and 
neglect  of  officials,  or  the  ignorance  of  the  men  themselves,  had  not  been  paid  ; 
and  the  fourth,  the  giving  of  advice  and  information  upon  all  matters  relating 
to  the  army  and  navy. 

The  number  of  applications  which  had  been  entered  on  the  books  of  the 
Association  in  one  year  was  as  follows : 

For  bounty  and  arrears  of  pay 1,429 

"  pensions 1,142 

"  prize-money 139 

Miscellaneous  .  .  20 


Total 2.730 


PROTECTIVE   WAR  CLAIM   ASSOCIATIONS.  483 

Value  of  claims  for  bounty  and  arrears  of  pay $213,409  00 

"     of  pensions 109,632  00 

"     of  prize  claims 51,000  00 

"     of  miscellaneous  claims 1,000  00 


Total t $375,041  00 

Amount  collected  and  paid  to  claimants: 

For  bounty  and  arrears  of  pay $24,938  57 

"   pensions 1 1,147  76 

"    prize  claims 17,487  25 

Miscellaneous,  and  on  imperfect  papers 6,000  00 


Total $59,573  58 

The  expenses  of  the  society  for  the  first  year  were  a  little  over  $5,000. 
They  were  met  by  funds  raised  by  subscription. 

Soon  after  the  expiration  of  its  first  year,  the  War  Claim  Association 
attached  itself  to  the  Sanitary  Commission.  The  following  table  gives  a  suc- 
cinct statement  of  its  operations  during  the  remaining  seven  months  of  the 
second  year: 

Number  of  claims  prepared  and  filed  : 

For  pensions 1, 148 

"   bounties  and  arrears  of  pay 1,489 

"   prize-money 2,847 

Total 5,484 

Number  of  certificates  received : 

For  pensions 277 

"    bounties  and  arrears  of  pay 626 

"    prize-money 1,035 

Total 1,938 

Amount  secured : 

In  pensions  (annual  value) $25,679  88 

In  bounties  and  arrears  of  pay 74,028  43 

In  prize-money 131,968  41 


Total $231,676  72 

Or,  at  the  rate  of  $400,000  a  year.  Had  the  soldiers  and  sailors  thus  aided 
made  their  applications  through  claim  agents,  a  large  percentage  of  this  sum 
would  have  been  absorbed  in  expenses  and  charges,  to  use  no  harsher  terms. 

At  about  the  date  of  the  organization  of  this  association,  the  Sanitary 
Commission  opened  a  bureau  at  Washington,  for  the  transaction  of  the  same 
kind  of  business  there ;  and  on  the  8th  of  April,  1863,  a  Protective  War 
Claim  and  Pension  Agency  was  organized  in  Philadelphia.  For  a  time,  these 


484 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


various  societies  confined  their  efforts  to  aiding  the  soldier  and  the  sailor  in 
settling  their  claims  against  the  government ;  and  the  figures  we  have  given 
show  how  largely  the  army  and  navy  availed  themselves  of  the  proffered 
assistance.  As  the  war  drew  to  a  close,  however,  aid  was  extended  to 
discharged  and  disabled  soldiers  in  obtaining  employment;  the  able-bodied 
man  in  resuming  the  trade  or  handicraft  he  had  abandoned  to  join  the  army ; 
the  man  incapacitated  for  regular  labor  in  procuring  such  light  work  as  his 
strength  or  his  wounds  permitted  him  to  undertake.  Registers  were  kept  of 
those  seeking  employment,  and  of  employers  seeking  hands  ;  and  the  two 
classes  were  brought  into  communication,  much  to  the  advantage  of  both. 
The  labors  of  the  Bureaux  of  Employment,  like  those  of  the  Union  Commis- 
sion and  the  Freedmen's  Relief  Associations,  lie  rather  in  the  future  than  in 
the  past,  and  the  hour  of  their  greatest  usefulness  is  yet  to  come. 


TI1K   PATRIOT   ORP1IAN    HUME,    AT   FLUSHING. 


The  other  subject  remaining  to  be  noticed  is  that  of  homes  for  the  orphans 
of  soldiers.  This  is  naturally  exciting  great  interest  and  attention  as  these 
pages  go  to  press.  Many  homes  have  been  founded ;  several  have  been  perma- 
nently endowed.  Others  will  doubtless  be  established — some  sustained  by 
legislative  appropriations,  others  dependent  upon  voluntary  contributions. 
The  Patriot  Orphan  Home,  at  Flushing,  Long  Island,  has  a  history  that  will 
repay  perusal : 

The  New  York  Ladies'  Educational  Union  wTas  organized  as  a  societv  in 


THE   PATRIOT  ORPHAN   HOME.  485 

December,  1861,  and  incorporated  March  7th,  1862.  Its  object  was  to  estab- 
lish an  educational  industrial  institution  and  asylum,  where  the  homeless  or 
destitute  children  of  deceased  or  disabled  soldiers  might  receive  food,  cloth- 
ing, mental  and  moral  instruction,  with  such  training  in  the  arts  of  daily  life 
as  would  fit  them  for  usefulness,  and  enable  them  to  earn  a  respectable  sup- 
port. The  society  began  with  small  means,  and  the  first  expenses  were 
defrayed  by  the  members  alone.  In  May,  they  rented  a  building  in  the  Sixth 
Avenue,  New  York,  capable  of  comfortably  accommodating  fifty  children. 
It  was  immediately  filled,  and  hundreds  of  applicants  sought  admission  in  vain. 
The  situation  of  some  of  these  children  was  so  distressing  that  the  society, 
though  unable  to  receive  them,  temporarily  took  charge  of  them,  and  paid  for 
their  board  in  private  families.  A  subscription  was  soon  afterwards  set  on 
foot,  to  obtain  the  necessary  funds  for  the  purchase  of  commodious  buildings 
and  grounds,  in  the  country,  though  not  far  from  the  city,  where  three  hun- 
dred children,  at  least,  might  obtain  shelter,  education,  and  a  temporary  home. 
Encouraged  by  the  contributions  made,  though  the  sum  needed  was  far  from 
being  secured,  the  managers,  acting  in  accordance  with  the  advice  of  the 
Board  of  Counsellors,  purchased  an  estate  at  Flushing,  Long  Island.  The 
building  was  as  large  as  was  desired  ;  while  the  grounds,  eight  acres  under  cul- 
tivation or  laid  down  to  grass,  furnished  both  kitchen -garden  and  playground. 
In  view  of  the  object  to  which  his  property  was  to  be  devoted,  the  proprietor 
made  a  liberal  deduction  from  his  intended  price. 

On  the  2d  of  May,  1863,  the  fifty  children  moved,  with  their  scant  furniture 
and  wardrobe,  from  the  brick  walls  of  the  city  to  their  pleasant  country  home. 
They  met  their  mothers  at  the  ferry,  and  said  or  wept  or  laughed  good-by. 
At  the  gates  of  Flushing,  a  two-by-two  procession  was  formed  of  those  not  too 
young  to  walk.  When  they  reached  the  lawn,  to  quote  the  "  Patriot  Orphan 
Home,"  such  shouts  of  delight  and  merriment  never  were  heard  before. 
"  The  girls  scampered  away  hither  and  yon,  while  the  boys  went  turning  som- 
ersaults upon  the  grass,  all  the  way  up  to  the  house.  They  were  too  full  of  joy 
for  any  thing.  They  could  hardly  trust  their  senses,  so  great  was  the  change. 
This  house  to  be  theirs !  The  grass  theirs !  The  birds  theirs  !  The  shade-trees 
theirs  !  The  garden  theirs!  They  were  bewildered;  and  no  wonder." 

Two  ceremonies  then  took  place  :  the  first,  that  of  dedication  ;  the  second, 
that  of  inauguration ;  the  first,  religious ;  the  second,  gastronomic ;  first 
prayer,  then  dinner.  The  divine  blessing  was  invoked  upon  the  enterprise  by 
clergymen  of  Flushing,  then  the  doors  of  the  festal  hall  were  opened  wide  to 
all  who  had  crossed  the  threshold.  Upon  this  slender  foundation  did  what 


486 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


may  one  day  be  the  noble  Orphan  Home  of  New  York,  commence  its 
beneficent  career.* 

In  July,  the  managers  gave  the  children  a  pic-nic,  in  a  grove  near  the 
Home ;  and  a  feature  of  it  that  speaks  well  for  the  atmosphere  breathed  by  the 
dwellers  on  Flushing  Bay,  was  the  fact  that  every  child  in  the  institution  was 
there,  waiting  for  the  wagon.  Not  one  upon  the  sick  list !  Nobody  on  fur- 
lough !  Even  the  baby  was  there ;  and  the  history  of  this  baby — that, 
perhaps,  of  ten  thousand  others — is  the  history  of  war  orphans  the  world  over. 
Its  father,  a  young  man  of  twenty-three  years,  had  been  in  the  twenty  odd 
battles  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  for  many  months  had  heaid  nothing 
from  his  family.  Having  returned  home  on  sick  leave,  he  found  that  his  wife 
and  child  had  disappeared,  leaving  no  trace.  After  a  long  search  in  the  pub- 
lic institutions,  he  found  his  child  on  Eandall's  Island,  and,  in  Bellevue  Hos- 
pital, the  record  of  the  death  of  his  wife.  The  soldier  took  the  baby,  and 
having  been  fortunate  enough  to  hear  of  the  Home  for  the  Orphans  of 
Patriots,  delivered  her  to  the  matron,  and  returned  to  the  army  then  girding 
itself  for  the  struggle  at  Gettysburg. 

The  flag  of  the  Home,  the  gift  of  sympathetic  friends,  was  raised  on  the 
4th  of  July,  by  Master  Brady  and  an  assistant.  Ice-cream,  cake,  and  the 
Star-spangled  Banner,  were  incidental  features  of  this  agreeable  festival. 


*  At  this  time,  the  officers  of  tbc  Patriot  Orphan  Home  were  as  follows : 
BOARD  OF   OFFICERS   AND    MANAGERS. 


President, 
MBS.  WM.  TOPPING. 

Recording  Secretary, 
MRS.  H.  ZABRISKIE. 


MRS.  GEN.  WM.  K.  STRONG, 
STEPHEN  CUTTER, 
JOHN  CHISHOLM, 
J.  M.  GUST  IN, 
JAMES  DEMAREST, 
J.  D.  SMITH, 
JOSIAH  SUTHERLAND, 
A.  MERWIN, 
JAMES  SMILLIE, 


MRS.  PELL, 
"     LOOMIS  WHITE, 


OFFICERS. 

Vice-Presidetit, 
MRS.  C.  L.  MONELL. 

Corresponding  Secretaries. 
MRS.  EDWARD  FITCH,  MRS.  G.  W.  HUNTSMAN,  Flushing. 

Treasurer, 
MRS.  WM.  J.  HADDOCK. 


MANAGERS. 

MRS.  E.  J.  ERWIN, 

J.  S.  BACKUS, 

BENJAMIN  P.  BAKER. 

DR.  E.  WEST, 

RICHARD  ARNOLD, 

S.  A.  SPENCER, 

L.  J.  SMITH, 

S.  H.  WALES, 

E.  ANTHONY, 
Miss  L.  A.  HALSTEAD. 

FLUSHING  MANAGERS. 
MRS.  BOAVNE, 
"     LEAVITT, 
Miss  LILA  DAVIS. 


MRS.  J.  H.  COLGATE, 
J.  A.  KENNEDY, 
EDGAR  PINCHOT, 
WM.  GALE, 
JAMES  COCKS, 
CHARLES  THURBER, 
DR.  R.  P.  PERRY, 
GEORGE  GIFFORD, 

Miss  M  SEYMOUR, 


MRS.  S.  B.  PARSONS, 

"       HOBTON, 


THE  PATRIOT  ORPHAN  HOME. 


487 


The  coming  of  these  interesting  orphans  had  from  the  first  excited  a  lively 
interest  among  the  inhabitants  of  Flushing.  It  was  no  idle  sympathy,  nor 
was  it  only  evinced  on  holidays  and  merry-makings.  The  table  was  for  a 
time — and  when  such  aid  was  most  needed— rspread  from  the  regular  contri- 
butions of  the  ladies  of  the  village ;  and  as  winter  approached,  and  the  con- 
viction that  boys  must  have  overcoats  and  girls  warm  cloaks  was  strengthened 
as  the  sun  declined  towards  the  South,  the  children  of  Flushing  determined 
upon  an  Orphans'  Fair.  At  the  first  meeting  to  discuss  matters,  three  children 
were  present ;  they  resolved  to  meet  once  a  week  at  each  other's  houses,  to 
make  things  which  they  would  sell  somewhere  and  at  some  time.  One  very 
small  girl  importuned  an  influential  father  till  he  was  compelled  to  purchase 
release  by  exclaiming:  "Very  well,  you  shall  have  it,  then."  The  IT  referred 

to  was  the  Town  Hall  of  Flushing,  thus 
obtained  for  the  fair.  Another  child 
asked  her  father  what  HE  was  going  to 
do  for  the  orphans.  He  said  he  did 
not  know ;  he  had  not  thought ;  per- 
haps he  should  do  nothing.  But  he 
laid  the  subject  before  that  corporation 
of  which  it  would  be  a  calumny  to  say 
that  it  has  no  soul,  the  New  York 
Stock  Exchange,  and  came  back  with 
$500.  The  fair  took  place  on  the  9th 
of  September,  and  was  what  might 
have  been  fairly  expected — a  touching 
spectacle  of  youth,  beauty,  and  purity ; 
ladies  animated  by  the  best  of  motives, 
children  living  under  good  and  healthy 
influence,  the  one  laboring  for  the  other, 
the  orphans  hardly  knowing  or  realizing  their  orphanage,  while  music,  flowers, 
song,  and  evergreens  enclosed  the  picture  in  their  graceful  framework.  Thir- 
teen hundred  dollars  were  soon  after  paid  into  the  treasury  of  the  Home,  and 
sundry  bills  from  tailors,  hatters,  shoemakers,  and  dealers  in  cloaks,  jeans,  and 
blankets,  which  were  presented  and  paid  during  the  following  month,  told  a 
very  comfortable  story  of  winter  suits,  both  every-day  and  Sunday  best,  for 
one  hundred  and  two  boys  and  girls. 

The  ladies  of  the  Home  have  been  singularly  successful  in  obtaining  the 
means  necessary  for  its  support  since  it  has  been  fairly  established.  Many 


'PA,    WHAT    AKE     I'OU  UOINU    TO    I>O  ?" 


488  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

have  acted  as  regular  agents  and  collectors,  and  pay  large  monthly  sums  into 
the  treasury ;  among  these  may  be  mentioned  Mrs.  General  McClellan,  Mrs. 
Wm.  Gale,  Jr.,  Mrs.  S.  B.  Parsons,  Mrs.  John  Chisholm,  Mrs.  Wm.  F.  Lee, 
Mrs.  C.  L.  Monell,  Mrs.  Stephen  Cutter,  Mrs.  II.  Zabriskie,  Mrs.  T.  A.  Atwood, 
Mrs.  Wm.  J.  Haddock,  Mrs.  Edwin  Fitch,  Mrs.  Edward  Anthony,  Mrs.  Wm. 
Topping,  Mrs.  S.  A.  Spencer,  Mrs.  Carey  Murdock,  Mrs.  Palen,  Mrs.  J.  D. 
Smith.  The  legislature  of  the  state  lately  made  an  appropriation  of  $3,000  in 
favor  of  the  Home,  and  Mr.  Chauncy  W.  Rose,  endowing  it  with  the  generous 
donation  of  $20,000,  cleared  it  from  all  liabilities,  and  made  it  an  Orphans' 
Home  forever.  Still,  it  of  course  depends  upon  the  collections  of  the  year  for 
the  year's  current  expenses. 

The  prosperity  of  the  institution  augmented  as  the  war  drew  to  a  close. 
A  collection  for  its  support  in  St.  George's  Church,  New  York,  reached  the 
sum  of  $1,000;  Dr.  Adams's  Church  gave  nearly  $400;  the  Seventh  Regiment, 
$200  ;  an  amateur  concert  at  Dr.  Ward's,  $550  ;  and  annual  subscriptions  and 
chance  contributions  came  in  with  unusual  promptitude  and  frequency.  And 
when  recruiting  was  stopped  and  the  draft  suspended,  what  better  could  the 
ward  committees  do  with  the  balances  remaining  in  their  hands  than  intrust 
them  to  the  Flushing  managers  ?  The  recruiting  committees  of  the  Ninth, 
Sixteenth,  and  Twenty-first  Wards  of  New  York,  asking  themselves  this 
question,  answered  it  by  adding  $3,000  to  their  fund.  An  entertainment  at 
the  Academy  of  Music,  and  a  concert  at  Irving  Hall,  brought  $3,600  into 
the  treasury,  where  they  were  speedily  joined  by  $1,000  from  Mr.  Brewster, 
of  Flushing,  and  $500  from  Mr.  Whistler,  of  Frankfort-on-the-Main.  In  a 
letter  of  acknowledgment  sent  to  certain  officers  of  the  Russian  navy  at  San 
Francisco,  upon  the  receipt  of  $266  from  them,  Dr.  Tyng  said: 

"  The  institution  to  which  we  have  appropriated  their  generous  gift  is  a 
prospering  Home,  for  more  than  one  hundred  of  the  orphans  of  soldiers  and 
sailors  of  the  United  States,  and  will  be  enlarged,  in  coming  prosperity,  to  be 
a  happy  home  for  similar  thousands." 

It  is  probable  that  the  Home,  if  the  managers  succeed  in  their  purpose  to 
raise  $50,000,  will  be  removed  some  distance  into  the  country,  and  be  estab- 
lished upon  a  larger  scale  than  has  been  found  possible  at  Flushing. 

From  "The  Patriot  Orphan  Home,"  a  monthly  sheet,  of  which  twelve 
numbers  were  issued,  we  make  the  following  extract : 

"  The  number  of  families  bereaved  by  the  war  cannot  be  counted.  Five 
hundred  thousand  lives  are  supposed  to  have  been  extinguished  in  this  struggle. 
This  estimate,  perhaps,  was  not  intended  to  include  the  rebel  loss.  Of  this 


THE  WIDOW  AND   ORPHAN. 


489 


enormous  expenditure  of  vitality  we  may  suppose  that  half,  at  least,  were  men 
with  families.  The  wail  of  sorrow,  then,  from  this  great  multitude  of  widows 
and  orphans,  is  like  the  moaning  of  a  tempest  at  sea.  In  the  family  circle,  in 
the  immediate  neighborhood,  it  is  heard,  ancl  finds  a  responsive  sympathy 
from  those  who  witness  the  household  desolation.  But  the  great  swell-tide  of 


THE    WIDOW    AND    OKI'IIAX. 


active  humanity  rolls  on,  unconscious  of  the  existing  agony.  It  invades  not 
the  business  mart.  It  disturbs  not  the  circles  of  gayety.  It  steals  no  ray  of 
sunshine  from  the  surging  mass  on  our  fashionable  thoroughfares.  To  all 
these,  it  is  as  if  it  were  not.  But  the  real  fact  is,  that  spread  over  the  vast 


490  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

area  of  states — North,  East,  and  "West — the  grief  of  widowhood  and  orphanage 
is  a  sad  and  overwhelming  calamity.  Around  one  single  hospital — that  at 
Frederick,  Maryland — there  are  more  than  three  thousand  soldiers'  graves, 
marked  by  the  head-board  which  the  government  provides.  And  this  is  by 
no  means  one  of  our  largest  hospitals.  '  The  graves,'  said  a  delegate  of  the 
Sanitary  Commission,  '  are  marked,  not  by  numbers,  but  by  acres.'  The  soli- 
tudes of  the  wilderness  are  rendered  more  solitary  by  these  sleeping  dead. 
The  humble  mounds  by  every  river-bank,  along  every  highway,  and  scat- 
tered over  every  field  and  forest,  mark  the  heroic  struggle  for  our  country's 
defence." 

On  the  6th  of  May,  1864,  the  Governor  of  Pennsylvania  approved  an  act 
of  the  legislature  authorizing  him  to  accept  the  sum  of  $50,000  from  the 
Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company  for  the  education  and  maintenance  of  sol- 
diers' orphans,  and  soon  after  appointed  the  Hon.  Thomas  H.  Burrowes  to  the 
superintendence  of  the  expenditure.  Persons  entitled  to  the  benefit  of  the  act 
were  declared  to  be  "  children  of  either  sex  under  the  age  of  fifteen,  resident 
in  Pennsylvania  at  the  time  of  the  application,  and  dependent  upon  either 
public  or  private  charity  for  support,  or  on  the  exertions  of  a  mother  or  other 
person  destitute  of  means  to  afford  proper  education  and  maintenance ; — of 
fathers  who  have  been  killed,  or  died  of  wounds  received,  or  of  disease  con- 
tracted, in  the  service  of  the  United  States,  whether  in  volunteer  or  militia 
regiments  of  this  state,  or  in  the  regular  army  or  the  naval  service  of  the 
United  States,  but  who  were  at  the  time  of  entering  such  service  actual  bona 
fide  residents  of  Pennsylvania." 

It  was  decided  that  the  orphans  should  be  clad  in  a  neat,  plain,  uniform 
dress,  according  to  sex,  and  supplied  with  comfortable  lodgings,  a  sufficiency 
of  wholesome  food,  and  proper  attendance  when  sick ;  that  they  should  be 
physically  developed,  the  boys  by  military  drill  or  gymnastic  training,  accord- 
ing to  age,  and  the  girls  by  calisthenic  and  other  exercises ;  that  they  should 
be  habituated  to  industry  and  the  use  of  tools  while  at  school,  by  the  various 
household  and  domestic  pursuits  and  mechanical  and  horticultural  employ- 
ments suitable  to  the  respective  sexes  ;  that  they  should  receive  a  full  course 
of  intellectual  culture  in  the  ordinary  branches  of  a  useful  English  education, 
having  especial  reference  to  fundamental  principles  and  practical  results ;  and 
be  carefully  trained  in  moral  and  religious  principles,  the  latter  as  nearly 
approaching  as  might  be  to  the  known  denominational  preference  of  the 
parents. 

It  was  not  proposed  to  build  a  home,  or  keep  up  any  separate  establishment 


THE   NORTHERN   HOME   FOR   FRIENDLESS   CHILDREN.          491 

whatever,  but  simply  to  place  the  orphans  in  suitable  institutions  in  the 
twelve  normal  school  districts  of  the  state,  to  pay  their  expenses  there,  to  see 
that  contracts  entered  into  in  regard  to  them  were  faithfully  kept,  and  that 
the  orphans,  when  of  the  proper  age,  were  u  apprenticed  to  responsible  em- 
ployers. The  munificent  donation  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  was  looked 
upon  as  the  nest-egg  of  a  fund  to  be  hereafter  raised,  and  contributions  were 
asked  of  the  patriotic  and  humane.  Large  additions  are  constantly  made 
to  it. 

The  managers  of  "  The  Northern  Home  for  Friendless  Children,"  of  Phila- 
delphia, an  institution  in  existence  long  before  the  war,  and  supported  in 
part  by  legislative  and  municipal  appropriations,  in  part  by  voluntary  con- 
tributions, passed  a  resolution  in  January,  1864,  to  the  effect  that  "the  state 
owes  a  debt  of  gratitude  to  our  soldiers  and  sailors  such  as  can  never  be 
repaid  by  any  act  of  ours,  and  that,  therefore,  the  additional  building  recently 
erected  for  the  use  of  The  Northern  Home  for  Friendless  Children  be  spe- 
cially appropriated  as  a  temporary  asylum  for  the  children  of  those  in  the 
army  and  navy  who  have  fallen  in  the  present  war,  until  a  permanent  home 
can  be  established  for  them  by  the  State  of  Pennsylvania" 

This  building  was  soon  after  dedicated  to  the  purpose  thus  indicated. 
During  the  last  fiscal  year  of  the  Home,  some  $6,000  were  received  from 
private  sources. 

The  nucleus  of  a  home  for  soldiers'  orphan  sons  exists  at  Suspension  Bridge, 
Niagara  County,  New  York,  where  Colonel  and  Mrs.  Young  have  established 
The  Niagara  Volunteer  Institute,  supported  entirely  by  private  bounty.  The 
cadets,  as  the  boys  are  called,  their  education  being  strictly  military,  visit  the 
principal  cities  of  the  country  from  time  to  time,  exhibiting  their  proficiency 
in  the  manual,  and  eliciting  not  only  verbal  encomiums,  but  pecuniary  en- 
couragement. 

As  these  pages  go  to  press,  the  interest  of  the  public,  lately  divided 
among  so  many  benevolent  objects,  is  very  naturally  centring  upon  orphan 
homes  and  asylums  for  the  permanently  disabled.  And  we  have  to  close 
this  record  by  confessing  that  in  this  respect  it  is  incomplete — rejoicing,  indeed, 
that  it  is  so ;  for  what  we  have  been  able  to  set  down  as  having  been  done  for 
the  widow  and  orphan,  does  not  bear  a  just  proportion  to  the  promises  either 
explicitly  or  tacitly  made  to  the  husband  and  father. 

It  had  been  the  purpose  of  the  author  to  include  in  this  volume  a  state- 
ment of  what  he  who  was  President  of  the  United  States  when  it  was  com- 
menced, had  done  for  the  war  and  the  soldiers,  in  the  ways  and  by  the  methods 


492  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

of  which,  these  pages  are  the  chronicles.  We  had  intended  to  collect  the 
items  of  his  contributions,  his  gifts  of  original  documents  and  of  mammoth 
oxen,  of  salary  undrawn  and  interest  overdue.  But  by  his  death  such  details 
have  been  rendered  trivial — impertinent,  indeed;  and,  strictly  speaking,  Mr. 
Lincoln  has  no  place  in  this  book.  Even  had  he  given  substantial  aid,  in  the 
form  recorded  here,  by  millions,  it  would  be  puerile  to  set  it  down,  to  be 
dwarfed  by  the  mighty  overshadowing  monuments  of  his  life  and  achieve- 
ments. So,  having  nothing  to  say  which  would  not  be  trifling,  if  within  the 
scope  of  the  subject,  and  nothing  which  would  not  be  irrelevant,  if  beyond  it, 
and  yet  unwilling  that  a  book  recording  certain  incidents  in  the  preservation 
of  the  Union  should  not  contain  at  least  the  lineaments  of  him  who  was  its 
preserver,  we  lay  down  the  pen  and  invoke  the  aid  of  the  pencil  and  the 
burin.  The  artist  may  perhaps  do  gracefully  and  acceptably  what  the  pen- 
man cannot  do  at  all ;  the  one  may  succeed  where  the  other's  success  is  not 
even  to  be  desired. 

And  now  for  that  summary  of  the  voluntary  contributions  of  the  war 
which  has  been  promised  in  the  closing  chapter.  The  author  may  the  more 
properly  call  attention  thus  repeatedly  to  these  figures,  as  he  has  been  assisted 
in  their  preparation  by  gentlemen  who  have  made  not  only  general  statistics. 
but  these  special  data,  the  constant  subject  of  their  study. 


CHAPTER   XX. 


A  WORK  like  this  would  be  incomplete  without  an  attempt  to  group  under 
one  head  the  various  forms  of  the  philanthropy  and  private  generosity  of  the 
war,  and  to  arrive  at  the  grand  total  in  dollars  and  cents.  The  data  necessary 
for  this  are  not  of  equal  value,  in  point  of  precision,  in  all  departments  of  the 
inquiry.  While  the  records  and  reports  of  the  commissions,  the  aid  societies, 
the  relief  associations,  the  committees,  give  with  commendable  accuracy  the 
amounts  which  have  been  received  and  disbursed  by  them,  the  more  extensive 
department  of  private  bounty  money,  of  individual  encouragement  of  enlist- 
ments, of  subscriptions  made  in  behalf  of  drafted  men,  and  the  hardly  less 
important  phase  of  relief  extended  to  the  families  of  volunteers,  find  us  abso- 
lutely without  a  basis  upon  which  to  found  an  investigation.  Doubtless, 
certain  wards,  certain  committees,  certain  towns,  kept  records  of  the  aid  thus 
obtained  and  extended  ;  but  the  arduous  labor  of  collecting  them,  throughout 
so  wide  an  extent  of  country,  has  not  been  undertaken,  except  in  one  state. 
And  when  collected  there  is  no  certainty — and  there  can  be  none — that  they 
would  be  complete.  Let  the  reader  reflect  for  a  moment  in  what  an  infinite 
variety  of  ways  assistance  has  been  rendered  to  the  volunteer  himself,  and  to 
the  wives  and  children  left  behind.  Even  supposing  that  the  mere  subscrip- 
tion lists  could  be  gathered  from  the  twenty  loyal  states,  what  portion  of  the 
aid  given  would  they  represent  ?  Only  that  portion  which  was  public,  which 
had  been  rendered  in  organized  methods,  and  the  record  of  which  had  sur- 
vived the  month  or  the  year.  All  that  had  been  privately  done,  as  well 
as  that  which,  though  at  the  time  matter  of  general  knowledge,  had  been 


494  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

afterwards  forgotten,  would  be  necessarily  omitted.  This  single  reflection  is 
sufficient  to  show  that,  whatever  may  be  the  result  of  an  inquiry  like  that  we 
are  attempting,  it  must  be  under  the  truth — that  we  cannot  err  except  upon 
the  safe  side. 

It  has  been  said  that  one  state  only  has  made  an  effort  to  discover  the  facts 
in  this  interesting  question — the  state  of  New  York.  The  legislature  created, 
in  1863,  a  Bureau  of  Military  Statistics,  one  of  the  objects  of  which  was  de- 
clared to  be  the  rendering  of  "an  account  of  the  aid  afforded  by  the  several 
towns,  cities,  and  counties  of  the  state."  Colonel  Lock  wood  L.  Doty  was 
made  chief  of  this  bureau,  and  his  two  annual  reports,  those  of  1864  and  1865, 
furnish  the  only  material  we  have  for  prosecuting  the  present  inquiry.  From 
the  later  of  the  two  reports  we  make  extracts  showing  how  minute  have  been 
the  details  of  the  investigation,  and  how  valuable  the  record  must  be,  when 
completed,  in  spite  of  inevitable  deficiency  in  some  respects : 

"  Record  books,  containing  printed  forms  for  obtaining  a  complete  account 
of  the  services  of  regiments,  companies,  and  batteries,  are  in  use  in  the  bureau. 
They  comprehend  a  series  of  inquiries,  covering  the  authority,  when  and  to 
whom  granted,  as  well  as  the  time,  place,  and  circumstances  attending  the 
formation ;  a  specific  account  of  each  company,  where  and  by  whom  raised ; 
a  record  of  bounties,  and  other  aid,  received  from  the  state,  from  counties, 
cities,  towns,  and  individuals ;  the  time  when  recruiting  was  begun,  and  when 
completed ;  the  inspection,  term  of  enlistment,  account  of  flags,  departure 
from  the  state,  assignment  to  duty,  movements,  specific  details  of  battles,  skir- 
mishes, and  other  services,  casualties,  sanitary  history,  and  facts  connected 
with  termination  of  service.  The  inquiries  contemplate  a  statement  so  full  as 
to  enable  every  march  to  be  traced  upon  a  map,  and  so  complete  as  to  afford  a 
satisfactory  knowledge  of  the  services  of  the  organization,  should  every  thing 
in  memory  or  tradition  pass  away." 

"  Books  for  collecting  and  preserving  a  detailed  account  of  the  aid  afforded 
in  towns,  cities,  and  counties,  have  been  in  use  by  the  bureau  during  the  past 
year.  The  information  is  systematically  sought  from  official  and  other  sources, 
and  embraces  as  well  what  has  been  done  by  taxation  and  loans  as  by  individ- 
ual liberality  and  effort,  by  fairs,  churches,  schools,  academies,  and  other 
organized  means ;  also  the  influence  of  the  war  upon  pauperism  and  crime, 
and  upon  banking  and  general  business  interests. 

"  Two  fifths  of  the  towns  and  counties  of  the  state  were  visited  during 
the  past  year  for  statistics,  by  agents  of  the  bureau.  From  these  our  account 
is  quite  complete,  down  to  a  period  varying  from  July  1st  to  December  31st, 


SUMMARY.  495 

1864 ;  but  the  largely  enhanced  cost  of  travel  prevented  a  visit  to  every  town, 
and  we  were  therefore  obliged  to  rely  upon  correspondence  to  accomplish  the 
rest.  This  mode  has  been  only  measurably  successful." 

It  thus  appears  that  returns  from  less  than  half  the  state  had  been  received, 
and  that  these  came  down  to  a  period  in  no  case  later  than  the  31st  of  Decem- 
ber, 1864.  The  statement  is  made  in  another  portion  of  the  report,  that  these 
returns  had  been  made  "  wholly  or  in  part,"  that  is,  that  all  were  not  complete. 
They  were  from  four  hundred  and  forty  towns  (out  of  nine  hundred  and  forty 
in  the  state),  mainly  of  the  rural  districts,  and  represented  a  population  of 
eight  hundred  and  seventy-one  thousand.  The  sums  raised  in  these  towns, 
by  these  people,  to  promote  enlistments  and  to  relieve  drafted  men,  amounted 
to  $943,000,  in  round  numbers.  This  proportion  of  eight  hundred  and  sev- 
enty-one thousand  persons  furnishing  $943,000,  may  doubtless  be  extended  to 
the  whole  of  the  state,  which  would  give,  for  the  three  million  eight  hun- 
dred and  eighty-one  thousand  inhabitants,  $4,200,000.  But  as  the  returns 
were  made  "  wholly  or  in  part,"  and  as  they  do  not  embrace,  in  all  cases,  the 
later  months  of  1864,  and,  in  no  case,  the  earlier  months  of  1865,  it  will  not 
be  too  much  to  increase  this  to  $5,800,000,  as  the  voluntary  self-assessment 
of  the  people  of  New  York,  for  the  purpose  of  promoting  enlistments. 
This  result,  thus  obtained  for  one  state,  is  all  we  have  to  serve  as  a  clue  to 
the  contributions  of  twenty-five  other  states.  The  question  at  once  arises, 
how  far  it  is  prudent  to  employ  it  as  a  basis  in  other  calculations.  It  is 
probable  that,  while  it  may  be  safe  enough  in  the  Eastern  and  Middle  States, 
it  may  be  somewhat  too  high  throughout  the  West,  where  men  were  more 
readily  obtained,  and  where  there  were  fewer  compact  settlements,  inhabited 
by  persons  able  to  contribute  large  sums.  Taking  the  population  of  the  loyal 
states  at  about  twenty  millions,  we  may  divide  it  into  two  parts,  of  ten  mil- 
lions each,  the  first  giving  one  dollar  and  fifty  cents  per  inhabitant;  the 
second,  one  dollar  and  thirty  cents.  This,  set  down  in  tabular  form,  would 
be  as  follows : 

Contributions  of  the  Eastern  and  Atlantic  States,  for  the  promo- 
tion of  enlistments  and  the  relief  of  drafted  men,  in  all  the 
various  forms  which  have  been  mentioned  in  the  foregoing 
pages, $15,000,000 

Contributions  of  the  Western  and  Central  States  for 

the  same  purpose,        ....  .  13,000,000 

$28,000,000 


496  THE   TRIBUTE   BOOK. 

The  sums  given  in  aid  of  the  families  of  volunteers 
can  only  be  arrived  at  by  a  similar  process.  Col- 
onel Doty's  report  states  the  amount  contributed 
by  eight  hundred  and  seventy-one  thousand  per- 
sons— reporting  wholly  or  in  part — and  up  to 
a  period  extending  from  July  to  December, 
1864,  as  $107,000.  This  would  make  the  total 
contributions  of  New  York  for  this  purpose 
$477,000 ;  and  this,  considered  incomplete  as 
above,  might  be  increased  to  $650,000.  The  cal- 
culation, carried  out  as  before,  would  give  as  the 
contributions  of  the  loyal  states  for  the  relief  of 
the  families  of  volunteers,  about  three  and  a  half 
millions.  But  there  are  certain  reasons  for  be- 
lieving that  this  result  is  very  much  below  the 
truth.  The  New  England  States  made  special 
preparation,  by  pledges  given  by  wealthy  men, 
by  collections  taken  up  in  the  churches,  and  in 
other  ways,  for  the  support  of  soldiers'  families ; 
and  throughout  the  country  the  salaries  of  en- 
listed men  were  regularly  paid  to  their  families 
for  three,  six,  and  sometimes  twelve  months. 
The  Association  for  Improving  the  Condition  of 
the  Poor,  in  New  York,  estimates  the  amount  ex- 
pended by  itself  upon  soldiers'  families  in  one 
year  at  $40,000.  We  shall  be  under-estimating 
the  sums  devoted  by  the  whole  country  to  this 
purpose,  in  putting  it  at  ;•>.;..  .  ;  \ •*•  .  ••  .-"  .  $4,500,000 

[Even  this  result  will  doubtless  appear  small  to 
many  readers ;  but  it  must  be  remembered  that  taxa- 
tion was  largely  resorted  to,  to  obtain  the  funds  neces- 
sary for  the  partial  support  of  soldiers'  families.  As 
payments  had  to  be  made  regularly,  in  monthly  or 
quarterly  sums,  it  was  hardly  possible  to  depend  upon 
voluntary  contributions,  to  any  great  extent.  Five 
cities  of  New  York — and  those  not  the  largest — 
Buffalo,  Eochester,  Syracuse,  Poughkeepsie,  and 


SUMMARY.  497 

Brooklyn,  raised  by  taxation  nearly  $1,200,000,  for  the 

relief  of  the  families  of  volunteers.] 

Under  this  head  are  to  be  included,  of  course,  not 

only  the  amounts  obtained  by  subscription,  as  in  the 

earlier  period,  but  those  contributed  by  associations, 

as  in  the  case  of  the  police  force  of  New  York ;  those 

obtained  by  entertainments,  concerts,  &c.,  &c.,  and  in 

all  the  methods  which  have  been  referred  to  in  these 

pages. 

We  come  now  to  the  efforts  made,  and  the  money 

given  in  aid  of  those  efforts,  to  promote  the  health 

and  efficiency  of  the  army — mainly  through  the  Sani- 
tary Commission.     As  strict  accounts  have  been  kept 

by  the  treasurer  of  every  dollar  and  of  every  package 

intrusted  to  the  Commission,  there  is  no  difficulty  in 

regard  to  the  figures,  which  may  be  stated  as  follows : 

Cash  received  by  the  Sanitary  Commission,  up  to  the 

1st  of  January,  1865, $3,471,000 

Cash  received  by  the  Sanitary  Commission,  from  the 
1st  of  January,  1865,  to  the  close  of  the  war, 
including  the  proceeds  of  the  second  Chicago 
fair  (estimated), 500,000 

Value  of  the  supplies  received  by  the  Sanitary  Com- 
mission (a  portion,  for  the  later  months,  esti- 
mated), . 9,000,000 

12,971,000 

But,  as  the  Branches  of  the  Commission  did  not 
always  turn  into  the  general  treasury  the  entire 
sums  collected  by  them,  by  fairs,  contributions, 
&c.,  and  as  these  sums  are  therefore  not  in- 
cluded in  the  foregoing  item,  it  is  necessary  to 
set  them  down  separately.  Now  these  branches, 
at  Boston,  Philadelphia,  Buffalo,  Brooklyn, 
Cleveland,  Pittsburgh,  Chicago,  Cincinnati,  so 
far  retained  their  independent  character  that  they 
expended  a  considerable  part  of  their  money 
receipts,  and  a  part  of  their  supplies,  for  local 
purposes,  which  did  not  belong  to  the  general 

32 


498  THE  TRIBUTE   BOOK. 

plan  of  the  Commission.  Thus,  Cincinnati  and 
Chicago  both  established  and  supported  sol- 
diers' homes  of  their  own,  and  aided  soldiers' 
families,  hospitals,  &c.,  from  funds  which  were 
not  reported  to  the  general  treasury.  Thus, 
$40,000  from  Boston,  $100,000  from  Brooklyn, 
$160,000  from  Cincinnati,  $60,000  from  Chicago, 
$200,000  from  Pittsburgh,  were  retained,  and 
never  passed  directly  into  the  general  treasury. 
Though  a  portion  may  have  been  received  and 
acknowledged  in  the  form  of  supplies,  yet  the 
total  amount  of  sums  to  be  mentioned  apart  from 
the  receipts  of  the  Sanitary  Commission,  in  this 

form,  cannot  be  under  .  '  v  '  i  *•  ?!  ;  .  v  .  $1,000,000 
It  was  said  in  the  chapter  treating  of  the  Sanitary 
Commission,  that  large  amounts  of  money  and 
large  quantities  of  supplies  were  sent  to  the  army 
before  the  Commission  was  organized ;  and  that 
many  of  the  aid  societies  continued  to  act  inde- 
pendently of  the  Commission,  even  after  its  or- 
ganization. As  these  values  do  not  appear  in  the 
returns  of  the  Commission,  and  as,  indeed,  they 
have  not  been  collected,  and  do  not  appear  in 
these  columns  elsewhere,  it  becomes  necessary  to 
estimate  them.  Some  persons  have  placed  them 
as  high  as  the  acknowledged  receipts  of  the  Com- 
mission itself;  but  we  shall  probably  be  nearer 
the  truth,  if  we  record  them  as  of  the  value  of  •  v  .  5,000,000 

A  hint  or  two  will  suffice  to  show  that  this  esti- 
mate is  a  low  one :  One  single  lady,  not  connected 
with  either  of  the  Commissions  or  Aid  Societies, 
who  distributed  only  what  was  sent  her  by  churches 
and  individuals,  and  who  kept  accurate  accounts 
of  her  receipts,  disbursed  over  $20,000  in  money  and 
$300,000  in  supplies,  during  the  war.  Others  did 
nearly  or  quite  as  much;  and  in  the  West,  after 
the  battles  of  Fort  Donelson,  Shiloh,  and  Perryville, 


SUMMARY.  499 


contributions  were  sent  to  the  field  from  almost  every 
town.  Steamboat  load  after  steamboat  load  as- 
cended the  Tennessee,  till  Savannah  landing  seemed 
like  the  levee  of  a  great  city.  After  the  battle  of 
Bull  Kun,  Adams'  Express  had  on  hand  more  than 
one  hundred  and  fifty  tons  of  supplies  sent  to  the 
soldiers,  which  they  could  not  deliver,  besides  the 
thousands  of  tons  they  did  deliver. 

[The  farewell  of  the  Women's  Central  Associa- 
tion of  Relief,  of  !N"ew  York — one  of  the  societies 
from  which  the  Sanitary  Commission  sprang — was 
issued  too  late  to  appear  in  this  volume  under  the 
proper  heading.  We  therefore  make  no  apology  for 
introducing  it  here.  The  pith  of  the  article  was  con- 
tained in  the  following  resolutions  : 

"  Resolved,  That  the  Women's  Central  Association 
of  Relief  cannot  dissolve  without  expressing  its  sense 
of  the  value  and  satisfaction  of  its  connection  with 
the  United  States  Sanitary  Commission,  whose  confi- 
dence, guidance,  and  support  it  has  enjoyed  for  four 
years  past.  In  now  breaking  the  formal  tie  that  has 
bound  us  together,  we  leave  unbroken  the  bond  of 
perfect  sympathy,  gratitude,  and  affection  which  has 
grown  up  between  us. 

"Resolved,  That  we  owe  a  deep  debt  of  grati- 
tude to  our  Associate  Managers,  who  have  so  ably 
represented  our  interests  in  the  different  sections  of 
our  field  of  duty,  and  that  to  their  earnest,  unflagging, 
and  patriotic  exertions  much  of  the  success  which  has 
followed  our  labors  is  due. 

;<  Resolved,  That  to  the  Soldiers'  Aid  Societies, 
which  form  the  working  constituency  of  this  Associa- 
tion, we  offer  the  tribute  of  our  profound  respect  and 
admiration  for  their  zeal,  constancy,  and  patience  to 
the  end.  Their  boxes  and  their  letters  have  been 
alike  our  support  and  our  inspiration.  They  have 
kept  our  hearts  hopeful  and  our  confidence  in  our 
cause  always  firm.  Henceforth  the  women  of  America 


500  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

are  banded  in  town  and  country  as  the  men  are  from 
city  and  field.  "We  have  wrought,  and  thought,  and 
prayed  together,  as  our  soldiers  have  fought,  and  bled, 
and  conquered,  shoulder  to  shoulder ;  and  from  this 
hour,  the  womanhood  of  our  country  is  knit  in  a  com- 
mon bond,  which  the  softening  influences  of  peace 
must  not,  and  shall  not,  weaken  or  dissolve.  May 
God's  blessing  rest  upon  every  Soldiers'  Aid  Society 
in  the  list  of  our  contributors,  and  on  every  individual 
worker  in  their  ranks. 

"  Resolved,  That  to  our  band  of  volunteer  aids, 
the  ladies,  who,  in  turn,  have  so  long  and  usefully 
labored  in  the  details  of  our  work  at  these  rooms, 
we  give  our  hearty  and  affectionate  thanks,  feeling 
that  their  unflagging  devotion  and  cheerful  presence 
have  added  largely  to  the  efficiency  and  pleasure  of 
our  labors.  Their  record,  however  hidden,  is  on 
high,  and  they  have  in  their  own  hearts  the  joyful 
testimony,  that  in  their  country's  peril  and  need  they 
were  not  found  wanting. 

"  Resolved,  That  the  thanks  of  this  Association  are 
due  to  the  ladies  who  have  at  different  times  served 
upon  the  board,  but  are  no  longer  members  of  it ; 
and  that  we  recall,  in  this  hour  of  parting,  the  mem- 
ory of  each  and  all  who  have  lent  us  the  light  of  their 
countenance  and  the  help  of  their  hands.  Especially 
do  we  recognize  the  valuable  aid  rendered  by  the 
members  of  our  Registration  Committee,  who,  in  the 
early  days  of  this  Association,  superintended  the 
training  of  a  band  of  one  hundred  women  nurses  for 
our  army  hospitals.  The  successful  introduction  of 
this  system  is  chiefly  due  to  the  zeal  and  capacity  of 
these  ladies. 

"  Resolved,  That  in  dissolving  this  Association,  we 
desire  to  express  the  gratitude  we  owe  to  Divine 
Providence,  for  permitting  the  members  of  this  board 
to  work  together  in  so  great  and  glorious  a  cause,  and 
upon  so  large  and  successful  a  scale,  to  maintain  for 


SUMMARY. 


501 


so  long  a  period  relations  of  such,  affection  and  re- 
spect, and  now  to  part  with  such  deep  and  grateful 
memories  of  our  work  and  of  each  other." 

Collections  of  the  Western  Sanitary  Commission, 
money  and  stores,  including  the  proceeds  of  the 
Mississippi  Valley  Fair,  .  .  .  . 

Receipts  of  the  Illinois  Commissioner-General,  an  offi- 
cer appointed  to  collect  money  and  stores  from 
the  people  of  his  state,  .  '.  ~  ''. .  .'  .  '. 

Receipts  of  the  Iowa  Sanitary  Commission,  up  to  the 
period  of  its  incorporation  with  the  Sanitary,  and 
Western  Sanitary,  Commissions,  . 

Collections  of  the  Indiana  Sanitary  Commission,  cash 
and  supplies,  first  year,  .  .  - " . 

Collections  of  the  Indiana  Sanitary  Commission,  cash 
and  supplies,  second  year,  .  . 

Collections  of  the  Indiana  Sanitary  Commission,  cash 
and  supplies,  third  year,  .  .  '  , 

Collections  of  the  Indiana  Sanitary  Commission,  cash 
and  supplies,  in  1865  (estimated), 

Collections  of  the  Philadelphia  Ladies'  Aid,  money 
and  stores,  .  .  .  - .,  -  ,  -  .  «  , , 

[We  include  in  this  return — what  was  not  men- 
tioned in  the  text — an  immense  quantity  of  stores  re- 
ceived by  Mrs.  Harris  upon  the  field,  which  did  not 
pass  through  the  hands  of  the  recording  officers  of  the 
society.] 

Collections  of  the  Ladies'  Union  Aid  Society  of  St. 
Louis,  money  and  stores, 

Collections  of  the  Ladies'  Union  Relief  Association 
of  Baltimore,  money  and  stores, 

Collections  of  four  similar  societies  in  Baltimore,  . 

Receipts  of  the  New  England  Soldiers'  Relief  Asso- 
ciation of  New  York,  money,  .... 

Receipts  of  the  New  England  Soldiers'  Relief  Asso- 
ciation of  New  York,  supplies, 


.  $2,800,000 


500.000 


$108,000 


138,000 


223,000 


65,000 


$±0,000 


200,000 


175,000 


534,000 


,  ,      320,000 


150.000 

60,000 
30.000 


240,000 


502  THE    TRIBUTE    BOOK. 

Keceipts  of  the  Soldiers'  Best,  New  York,  and  such 
portion  of  the  receipts  of  the  State  Soldiers' 
Depot,  New  York,  as  were  due  to  private  bounty, .  .  .  ,»  -  $25,000 

Receipts  of  the  Penn  Belief  Association  of  Philadel- 
phia, cash,  .  .  -afc4  .  .  .  .  ..  •  $12,000 

Receipts  of  the  Penn  Relief  Association  of  Philadel- 
phia, supplies, 37,000 

49,000 

Receipts  of  the  Rose  Hill  Ladies'  Soldiers'  Relief  As- 
sociation of  New  York,  money  and  stores,  .  .  .  25,000 

Value  of  the  contributions,  in  money  and  stores,  made 
casually  by  visitors  to  the  two  hundred  and  thirty- 
three  government  hospitals,  established  in  differ- 
ent parts  of  the  country  (estimate),  .....  2,225,000 

Collections  of  the  Christian  Commission,  money  and 

supplies,  first  year, $231,000 

Collections  of  the  Christian  Commission,  money  and 

supplies,  second  year,         .         .         ...        917,000 

Collections  of  the  Christian  Commission,  money  and 

supplies,  third  year,    .         .        .        .         .         .     2,882,000 

Collections  of  the  Christian  Commission,  money  and 

supplies,  in  1865  (estimate),         .         .         .   ,  .  . .      500,000 

4,530,000 

[The  above  figures  of  the  Christian  Commission 
include  the  value  of  telegraph  and  railroad  facilities, 
of  delegates'  services,  and  of  publications  furnished 
by  tract  and  Bible  societies.] 

Value  of  the  tracts,  Testaments,  hymn-books,  and  other 
religious  publications,  distributed  in  the  army 
and  navy,  by  the  American  Bible  Society  and 
the  American  Tract  Society,  and  other  similar 
publishing  associations,  exclusive  of  those  in- 
cluded in  the  reports  of  the  Christian  Commis- 
sion, .  .  .  .  .  •  .  .  >V:'  "V  •  ••'.;"  .  300,000 

Value  of  the  railroad,  express,  and  telegraph  facilities, 
given  to  commissions,  societies,  &c.,  exclusive 
of  those  included  in  the  reports  of  the  Christian 
Commission,  .  .  .  '.••.<  .'  •'  ./  .-*-'."  1,300,000 


SUMMARY. 


503 


[Those  who,  remembering  the  immense  work  done 
gratuitously  by  these  corporations  and  companies, 
consider  this  a  low  estimate,  will  do  well  to  remember 
that  when  the  government  made  the  railways  military 
roads,  the  unpaid  transportation  of  sanitary  and  hos- 
pital stores  of  necessity  ceased.] 

Collections  of  the  New  England  Freedmen's  Aid 
Society,  money  and  stores,  . 

Collections  of  the  National  Freedmen's  Relief  Asso- 
ciation of  New  York,  money  and  stores, 

Receipts  of  the  Pennsylvania  Freedmen's  Relief  As- 
sociation, .  .  .  .  •  . 

Receipts  of  the  Orthodox  Friends'  Association  of 
Philadelphia  (Freedmen's  Relief),  exclusive  of 
foreign  contributions,  . 

Receipts  of  the  Hicksite  Friends'  Association  of  Phil- 
adelphia (Freedmen's  Relief), 

Receipts  of  the  Northwestern  Freedmen's  Aid  Soci- 
ety of  Chicago,  .  .  .  .  .  .  •  .« 

Amount  raised  in  Philadelphia  and  New  York  for 
recruiting  negro  regiments,  .  .  ' 

Amount  raised  in  New  York  for  the  relief  of  the 
negro  victims  of  the  riot  of  July,  1863,  . 

Amount  raised  in  New  York  for  the  benefit  of  mem- 
bers of  the  fire  department,  of  the  police  force, 
and  of  the  National  Guard,  injured  in  the  riot, 

Collections  of  various  international  relief  committees, 
in  New  York,  Philadelphia,  Brooklyn,  &c.,  in 
behalf  of  the  distressed  operatives  of  Great  Brit- 
ain, ......... 

Collection  made  in  New  England  in  behalf  of  the 
East  Tennesseans,  by  a  committee  of  which  Ed- 
ward Everett  was  chairman, . 

Collections  of  the  Pennsylvania  Relief  Association  for 
East  Tennessee,  ....... 

Collections  of  the  American  Union  Commission,  cash 
and  clothing,  ....... 


$126,000 

400,000 

61,000 

100,000 
12,000 

140,000 
50,000 
41,000 

55,000 

347,000 

102,000 
30,000 
70,000 


504 


THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 


Collections  of  the  New  England  Refugees'  Aid 
Society,  a  branch,  of  the  above,  . 

Fund  collected  in  New  York, -Boston,  and  Philadel- 
phia, for  the  relief  of  the  people  of  Savannah,  in 
January  and  February,  1865,  . 

Fund  collected  in  Philadelphia,  for  the  relief  of  the 
people  of  Chambersburg,  in  the  summer  of  1864, 

Fund  collected  in  Baltimore,  for  the  same  purpose,     . 

Receipts  of  the  Union  Volunteer  Refreshment  Saloon 
of  Philadelphia,  cash, 

Receipts  of  the  Union  Volunteer  Refreshment  Saloon 
of  Philadelphia,  supplies, 

Receipts  of  the  Cooper-Shop  Refreshment  Saloon  of 
Philadelphia,  cash, 

Receipts  of  the  Cooper-Shop  Refreshment  Saloon  of 
Philadelphia,  supplies, 

Receipts  of  the  Citizens'  Union  Volunteer  Hospital 
Association  of  Philadelphia,  cash  and  supplies,  . 

Receipts  of  the  Union  Relief  Association  of  Balti- 
more, cash  and  supplies, 

Receipts  of  the  Pittsburgh  Subsistence  Committee, 
before  the  transfer  of  their  duties, 

Amount  spent  by  the  fire  companies  of  Philadelphia, 
and  by  the  Ladies'  Transit  Aid  Association,  in 
the  conveyance  of  the  wounded  from  the  boats 
to  the  hospitals, 

Amount  spent,  or  received  in  provisions,  for  the 
army  and  navy  Thanksgiving  dinner  of  1864, 

Amount  spent  in  previous  festival  dinners  for  the 
army  and  navy, 

Proceeds  of  the  National  Sailors'  Fair,  held  in  Boston, 
in  November,  1864, 

Amounts  presented  to  Major  Anderson,  General 
Meade,  Captain  Worden,  and  others,  . 

Fund  raised  in  Philadelphia  for  the  family  of  General 
Birney,  ;  .  „ 


$87.000 


30,000 


58,000 
20,000 


$25,000 


100,000 

35,000 
3,000 


78,000 

85,000 

180,000 

45,000 

28,000 

300,000 

100,000 

247,000 

70,000 

50,000 


SUMMARY. 


505 


Amount  presented  in  five-twenty  government  bonds, 
by  merchants  in  New  York,  to  Admiral  Farragut, 

Amount  raised  to  purchase  a  house,  lot,  and  furniture, 
for  General  Grant,  in  Philadelphia, 

Amount  raised  in  New  York  to  distribute  among  the 
officers  and  men  of  the  Kearsarge,  after  the  de- 
struction of  the  Alabama,  . 

Fund  raised  for  a  statue  of  General  Sedgwick,     . 

Other  contributions  for  statues,  monuments,  &c., 

Eeceipts  of  the  Patriots'  Orphan  Home,  at  Flushing, 
Long  Island,  ....... 

Donation  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company,  for 
the  maintenance  and  education  of  soldiers'  or- 
phans,   . 

Other  donations  to  the  same  fund, 

Such  portion  of  the  receipts  of  the  Northern  Home 
for  Friendless  Children,  Philadelphia,  as  have 
been  devoted  to  the  maintenance  of  soldiers' 
orphans,  ........ 

Eeceipts  of  other  orphan  homes,  .         .         .         .         . 

Net  receipts  of  a  fair  held  in  Milwaukee,  in  June  and 
July,  1865,  for  an  asylum  for  disabled  Wisconsin 
soldiers,  ....... 

Endowment  made  by  the  Roosevelt  Estate  to  estab- 
lish a  Soldiers'  Home,  ..... 

Amount  of  various  scholarships  established  in  colleges 
for  soldiers  and  soldiers'  children — of  which  there 
are  over  two  hundred — averaging  $200  annual 
income,  ....... 

General  B.  F.  Butler's  endowment  of  a  scholarship  in 
Phillips'  Academy,  for  a  soldier's  son,  . 

Value  of  frigate  Yanderbilt,  presented  to  the  govern- 
ment by  Cornelius  Yanderbilt, 

Commissions  returned  to  the  government  by  William 
H.  Aspinwall,  ...... 

Salary  of  Solicitor-General  Whiting,  not  drawn,    . 

Amount  spent  by  Miss  Clara  Barton  in  aiding  soldiers 
and  in  keeping  a  list  of  missing  men,  . 


$50,000 
50,000 


25,000 
20,000 
35;000 

65,000 


50,000 
20,000 


10,000 
20,000 


110,000 
1,000,000 

70,000 

5,000 

800,000 

25,000 
20,000 

10,000 


506  THE  TRIBUTE  BOOK. 

Amount  spent  in  entertaining  soldiers  in  the  summer 
of  1865,  on  their  way  home  (outside  of  that  dis- 
bursed by  the  Sanitary  Commission), $20,OnO 

Grand  total, $69,696,000 

These  seventy  millions  might  easily  be  increased  to  one  hundred  millions, 
•were  we  willing  to  depart  even  a  hair's-breadth  from  the  line  traced  out  in 
our  plan.  We  have  not  included  one  cent  obtained  by  taxation  ;  and  yet  the 
sums  voted  for  bounties  in  very  many  towns  might  fairly  be  embraced  in  the 
list,  for  the  reason  that  the  vote,  in  full  meetings,  was  unanimous.  A  unani- 
mous vote  to  tax  is  nothing  less  than  a  subscription,  signed  by  every  tax- 
payer, in  amounts  proportioned  to  the  property  of  each.  A  statistician,  curi- 
ous in  such  matters,  has  made  a  calculation  that  the  sum-total  of  bounty 
moneys,  voted  with  such  unanimity  that  they  might  justly  be  considered  sub- 
scribed, reaches  fifteen  millions  at  least.  Not  venturing  to  include  this  in  our 
summary,  we  feel  justified  in  referring  to  it  here. 

Again,  the  war  has  stimulated  the  giving  of  money  for  educational  and 
religious  purposes  in  a  very  remarkable  degree.  No  less  than  five  millions 
of  dollars  have  been  bestowed  upon  or  left  by  will  to  colleges  and  seats  of 
learning  in  the  last  four  years ;  and  church  debts,  to  the  amount  of  ten  mil- 
lions, have  been  obliterated  in  the  same  time.  This  is  vastly  in  excess  of  the 
sum  devoted  to  the  sama  objects  in  the  four  years  preceding.  Doubtless  a 
portion  of  this  liberality  must  be  ascribed  to  the  inflation  of  the  currency  and 
the  abundance  of  money ;  but  four-fifths  of  it  were  due  to  the  revival  of  inter- 
est in  the  weighty  matters  of  religion  and  education,  consequent  upon  a  war 
which  was  so  largely  the  result  of  ignorance  in  matters  both  spiritual  and  tem- 
poral. This  is  not,  however,  the  first  time  that  war  has  been  followed  by  a 
marked  revival  in  the  interest  felt  in  the  mental  and  moral  improvement  of 
a  people  to  whom  the  blessings  of  peace  have  been  restored. 

Seventy  millions !  Seventy  millions,  which  might  be  made  one  hundred 
with  a  stroke  of  the  pen  !  Let  the  world  know  the  story  of  these  millions, 
how  they  were  gotten,  how  spent,  and — Solomon  to  the  contrary  notwith- 
standing— the  world  will  readily  acknowledge  that  at  length  there  is  A  NEW 
THING  UNDER  THE  SUN. 


ADAMS,  EXPRESS     . 

AID  RENDERED  TO  WASHINGTON'S  ARMY 

AID  SOCIETIES        .... 

AMATEUR  THEATRICALS 

AMERICAN  UNION  COMMISSION 

ANDERSON,  JAMES 

ASPINWALL,  WM.  H. 

AUSTIN,  NEVADA 

BAILEY  &  Co.,  PHILADELPHIA 

BARILI,  ANTONIO 

BELLOWS,  H.  TF.  ... 

BIRD'S-NEST  BANK  OF  KALAMAZOO   . 

BLACKBERRIES  FOR  THE  SOLDIERS 

BROADWAY  TABERNACLE 

BRYAN,  T.  B.         . 


B. 


0. 


CALIFORNIA      ...... 

GARY,  ALICE  AND  PHOIBE 

CHAMBERSBURG  RELIEF  .... 

CHRISTIAN  COMMISSION     .... 

CITIZENS'  UNION  VOLUNTEER  HOSPITAL  ASSOCIATION 


PAGE 

38  and  passim. 
15 

.  Ill 

.  444,  479 

.  407 

67 

.   65 
463 


.  256 
224 

80,  92,  98,  469 

373 

.  102 

39 

161,  427 

91 
.  41 

412 
.  336 

421 


508  INDEX. 

PAGE 

COLEMAN,  WM.  T.  .........       90 

COLT,  SAMUEL  ..........  38 

COLTER,  VINCENT  ........          337,  473 

COMMISSION,  AMERICAN  UNION  .......          407 

COMMISSION,  CHRISTIAN   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .336 

COMMISSION,  INDIANA  SANITARY        .  .  .  .  .  .  .319 

COMMISSION,  IOWA  SANITARY       .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .317 

COMMISSION,  UNITED  STATES  SANITARY        .  .  .  .  .  .  77 

COMMISSION,  WESTERN  SANITARY  .......    293 

COMMISSIONS,  STATE  SANITARY  .  .  .  .  .  .  .316 

COOPER-SHOP  REFRESHMENT  SALOON       .  .  .  .  .  .  .415 

CUSHMAN,  CHARLOTTE  ........  225,  250 

D. 
DENT,  ROBERT       ..........       40 

E. 
EAST  TENNESSEE         .........  387,  409 

EMANCIPATION  PROCLAMATION      .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .161 

EVERETT,  EDWARD      ........      387,  414,  442 

EXPRESS  COMPANIES          .......         244  and  passim. 

F. 
FAIR,  SANITARY,  LOWELL        ........          158 

"  "  CHICAGO 159 

"  "  BOSTON  ........          171 

"  "  ROCHESTEE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .172 

"  "  GREAT  WESTERN,  CINCINNATI  .  .  .  .178 

"  "  BROOKLYN  AND  LONG  ISLAND       .  .  .  .  .190 

"  "  ALBANY  .......          206 

"  NORTHERN  OHIO,  CLEVELAND        .  .  .  .  .213 

"  POUGHKEEPSIE  .......          215 

"  METROPOLITAN,  NEW  YOKK  .  .  .  .  .218 

"  PITTSBURGH       .......          245 

"  GREAT  CENTRAL,  PHILADELPHIA     .....     248 

"  NORTHERN  IOWA,  DCBUQUE     .....          277 

"  "  ST.  PAUL 283 

"  "  CHICAGO,  SECOND 286 

"  "  MISSISSIPPI  VALLEY  .  .  .  .  .  .305 

"     "      MARYLAND  STATE    .     .     .     .     .     .347 

FARMER,  J.  W.   .     .     .     .     .     .     .     .     .     .31 

FIRE  AMBULANCE  COMPANIES  OF  PHILADELPHIA       .....  428 

FIRE  DEPARTMENT  OF  NEW  YORK  .....     222 


INDEX.  509 

PAGE 

FREEDMEN'S  NEW  ENGLAND  AID  SOCIETY     ......  367 

"            NATIONAL  RELIEF  ASSOCIATION       ......  369 

PENNSYLVANIA  RELIEF  ASSOCIATION     .....  372 

"            NORTH-WESTERN  AID  SOCIETY         ......  372 

ORTHODOX  FRIENDS'  ASSOCIATION          .....  372 

HICKSITE  FRIENDS'  ASSOCIATION      ......  372 

RELIEF  ASSOCIATIONS      .  .  .  .  .  .  .373 

FrND  FOR  THE  SEVENTH  REGIMENT         ......  .29 

"      UNION  DEFENCE            ........  33 

"      FIRE  ZOUAVE           .........  37 

"      LAWYERS'            .........  39 

"      MISSOURI     ..........  47 

"      SUBSCRIBED  BY  AMERICANS  IN  PARIS              .....  47 

"      PHILADELPHIA  BOUNTY       ........  50 

"      CAMBRIDGE  LIFE  INSURANCE    .......  63 

"      HANCOCK  RECRUITING         ........  66 

"      THE  ONION       .........  100 

"      BOSTON,  FOR  WESTERN  SANITARY  COMMISSION     .....  301 

"      FOE  RECRUITING  COLORED  REGIMENTS  .....  37G,  379 

"      NEGRO  RELIEF        .........  377 

"      POLICE,  FIRE,  AND  NATIONAL  GUARD  RELIEF            ....  379 

"      INTERNATIONAL  RELIEF       .             .......  383 

"      EAST  TENNESSEE           ........  387 

"      CHAMBERSBURG  RELIEF      ........  412 

"      SAVANNAH  RELIEF         ........  413 

"      THANKSGIVING  DINNER       ........  431 

"      MAJOR  ANDERSON          .             .            .            .            .            .            .            .  450 

"      GENERAL  MEADE     .........  450 

"      GENERAL  BIRNEY           ........  451 

"      VICE- ADMIRAL  FARRAGUT  ........  452 

"      GENERAL  GRANT            ........  454 

"      KEARSARGE              .........  456 

"      GENERAL  SHERMAN       ........  458 

k'      GENERAL  SEDGWICK            ........  460 

"      METROPOLITAN  POLICE              .......  476 

G. 

GORDON,  REV.  GEORGE       .........  91 

GOTTSCIIALK,  L.  M.      .             .             .            .             .            .            .            .            .  224 

GRAY,  WM.            ..........  38 

GRIDLEY,  R.  C.            .........  463 

GRISWOLD,  N.  L.  AND  GEORGE       ........  384 


510 


INDEX. 


HICKSITK  FRIENDS'  ASSOCIATION 
HOGE,  MRS.  A.  II.  . 


H. 


372 
159,  164,  248 


INDIANA  SANITARY  COMMISSION 
INTERNATIONAL  BELIEF     . 
IOWA  SANITARY  COMMISSION  . 


JENKINS,  J.  FOSTER 


LINCOLN,  TRIBUTE  TO 
LIVERMOEE,  MES.  D.  P. 


METEOPOLITAN  POLICE 
MURDOCH,  JAMES  E. 

NEVADA 


J. 


L. 


M. 


N. 


O. 


O'BRIEN,  FITZ  JAMES        .... 

OLMSTEAD,  FEEDEBICK  LAW 

ORTHODOX  FRIENDS'  ASSOCIATION  OF  PHILADELPHIA 


P. 


PENSION  AGENCY 

PHELPS,  MRS.  COLONEL  JOHN  S.  . 

PICTURES  CONTRIBUTED  BY  ARTISTS  . 

PLYMOUTH  CHURCH 

PEOTECTIVE  WAR  CLAIM  ASSOCIATION 


K. 


BAFFLING,  ARGUMENT  FOR  AND  AGAINST 
EEFEESHMENT  SALOON,  COOPEE-SHOP 

"  "          UNION  VOLUNTEEB 

BEFUGEES'  AID  SOCIETY 
BELIEF  ASSOCIATIONS         . 
BELIEF  ASSOCIATION  OF  BALTIMORE  . 
BELIEF  ASSOCIATION  OF  BALTIMORE,  LADIES'     . 
BELIEF  ASSOCIATION,  FORT  PITT 

"  "  NATIONAL  FREEDMEN'S 


319 

.     383 
317 


.       99 

492 
159,  164,  277 

.     42,  476 
126,  187 

463 


480 

81 

372 


483 

296 

46 

39 

482 


105 
415 
415 
411 
335 
424 
326 
477 
336 


INDEX. 


511 


RELIEF  ASSOCIATION,  XEW  ENGLAND  SOLDIERS' 

"  4<  PENX 

"  "  ROSE  HILL 

RELIEF,  INTERNATIONAL  _* 
REPRESENTATIVE  RECRUITS 
ROOSEVELT,  THEO.  . 


S. 


SACK,  SANITARY    .  . 

SAILORS'  HOME 

SANITARY  COMMISSION      .  .  •. 

SANITARY  FAIRS 

SAVANNAH  RELIEF 

SAWBUCK  RANGERS 

SHAW,  FRANCIS  GEORGE  . 

SKINNER,  REV.  D. 

SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETIES  . 

SOLDIERS'  AID  SOCIETY,  LOWELL 

44  "  BRIDGEPORT 

''  ''  CLEVELAND 

"  "  NEW  YORK 

44  "  CHARLESTOWN 

44  POUGHKEEPSIE    . 

"  EAST  CAMBRIDGE 

"  "  HARTFORD 

'4  '4  LOCKPORT 

"  NEWBURGH 

4'  "  WORCESTER  . 

"  ''  TOLEDO  . 

"  "  MlLWAIIKIE     . 

44  "  ATTBURN  . 

44  "  ALBANY 

"  '4  COLUMBUS 

44  u  BOSTON 

44  PROVIDENCE 

44  "  CAMBRIDGE    . 

>4  44  DAYTON 

44  "  DETROIT 

4>  44  BUFFALO 

44  44  TAUNTON 

44  44  NEW  LONDON 

44  ROCHESTER    . 

44  44  SALEM 


PAGE 

328 
332 
334 
383 
67 
432 


.  463 

440 

.   77 

.  96,  158 

.  413 

474 

.  369 

40 

.  Ill 

.   28,  71 

70,  112,  141 

.  71,  115 

.   7-2 

112 


120  <J\ 

.  121 

122 
.  123 

124 
.  128 

129 

.  129 

.  130,  150 

.  133 

134 
.  135 

135 
.  137 

139 
.  139 

139 

141 


612  INDEX. 

PA6K 

SOLDIEES'  AID  SOCIETY,  NEWBUBYPOET          .....  142 

NEW  HAVEN      .......     143 

BROOKLYN     .......          145 

"  u  LYNN      ........     147 

"  "  TEOY  .......          149 

CAMBRIDOEPORT  .  .  .  .  .  .151 

NEW  BRUNSWICK      .  .  .  .  .  .157 

"  "  ST.  Lours  ......        295,  823 

"  PHILADELPHIA  .  .  .  .  .  .321 

SOLDIERS'  HOME,  CHICAGO  ........     426 

STATE  SANITARY  COMMISSIONS  .......          310 

STETSON,  COLONEL  .........       47 

STRONG,  GEORGE  T.     .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  83 

STUART,  GEORGE  H.          .........     338 

STURGES,  SOLOMON       .........  38 

SUBSISTENCE  COMMITTEE,  PITTSBURGH     .......    425 

T. 
TEACHERS  IN  BOSTON  PUBLIC  SCHOOLS          ......  39 

TESTIMONIALS        ..........    450 

THANKSGIVING  DINNER  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .431 

THOMPSON,  REV.  J.  P.      .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .407 

TIFFANY  &  Co.  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .220 

TRANSIT  AID  ASSOCIATION  ........    428 

U. 
UNION  DEFENCE  COMMITTEE   .  ......          •"..  32 

UNION  LEAGUE,  PHILADELPHIA     ........       65 

UNION  LEAGUE,  NEW  YORK   ........          382 

UNION  VOLUNTEER  REFRESHMENT  SALOON          .  .  .  .  .  .415 

V. 
VANDERBILT,  CORNELIUS          .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  41 

VANDERBILT,  FRIGATE      .........      41 

W. 

WANDEL,  JESSE            .........  31 

WESTERN  SANITARY  COMMISSION  .......     293 

WIDOWS'  WOOD  SOCIETY         ........  473 

WOMEN  AS  LABORERS  IN  THE  FIELD        .             .             .             .             .             .  .461 

WOMEN  OF  PHILADELPHIA  IN  1780     .             .             .             .             .             .             .  21 

WOMEN  OF  PHILADELPHIA  IN  1861          .             .             .             .             .             .  .41 

WOMEN'S  CENTRAL  ASSOCIATION  OF  RELIEF              ....  72 

Y. 

YEATMAN,  JAMES  E 294,  299,  304 


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