Two Lenape stone masks from Pennsylvania and New Jersey

E 6

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Physical Anthropology of the Lenape or Dela-
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Address:
MXTSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN, HEYE

FOUNDATION,

BROADWAY AT 155iH ST.,
NEW YORK CITY

INDIAN NOTES
AND MONOGRAPHS

A SERIES OF PUBLICA-
TIONS RELATING TO THE
AMERICAN ABORIGINES

TWO LENAPE STONE MASKS

FROM PENNSYLVANIA

AND NEW JERSEY

BY

ALANSON SKINNER

NEW YORK

MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN

HEYE FOUNDATION

1920

Publications of the Museum of the
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ICAN ARCHAEOLOGY

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The Antiquities of Manabi, Ecuador: A Pre-
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INDIAN NOTES
AND MONOGRAPHS

A SERIES OF PUBLICA-
TIONS RELATING TO THE
AMERICAN ABORIGINES

TWO LENAPE STONE MASKS

FROM PENNSYLVANIA

AND NEW JERSEY

BY

ALANSON SKINNER

NEW YORK

MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN
HEYE FOUNDATION

J92Q

THIS series of INDIAN NOTES AND MONO-
GRAPHS is devoted primarily to the publica-
tion of the results of studies by members of
the staff of the Museum of the American
Indian, Heye Foundation, and is uniform
with HISPANIC NOTES AND MONOGRAPHS,
published by the Hispanic Society of
America, with which organization this
Museum is in cordial cooperation.

TWO LENAPE STONE
MASKS FROM

PENNSYLVANIA AND
NEW JERSEY

BY

ALANSON SKINNER

SKINNER— LENAPE MASK

LENAPE STONE MASK FROM PENNSYLVANIA

TWO LENAPE STONE MASKS

FROM PENNSYLVANIA

AND NEW JERSEY

BY ALANSON SKINNER

TjHE mask shown in pi. I, with its
r I grimacing face and protruding

tongue, was washed out by a
freshet on the site of the Lenape
or Delaware Indian village of Wyalusing,
; on the Susquehanna, a settlement destroyed :
by Continental soldiers under Colonel Hart-
ley in 1778, because it had been a rallying
place for Indian hostiles and Tories.

The face of the mask shows evidence of
having been made with the aid of both
stone and metallic tools, and its lolling
tongue is further evidence of its historic
origin, since this feature is in imitation of a
familiar type of the well-known Iroquois
false-face.

INDIAN NOTES

L E N A P E

While the exact use to which this object
has been put is in doubt, it is known that
the modern Lenape Indians still possess
wooden dolls which they style "guardians of
health" and to which annual sacrifices are
made to insure the welfare of the tribe
They also believe in a being called "The
Living Solid Face," who controls the beasts
of the forest and governs the chase. In the
annual ceremony this personage is repre
jsented by a shaman wearing a heavy
I wooden mask. No doubt this object from
Wyalusing represents one or the other of
these deities, specimens of both of which
are to be seen in the Museum of the Ameri
can Indian, Heye Foundation.

Only a few Lenape masks or heads of
stone are known. The finest of these was
I found at Grasmere, Staten Island, New
York, many years ago, and is now in the
Museum of the Staten Island Institute of
Arts and Sciences. Another came from
Trenton, New Jersey, and a third from
Monmouth county in the same state.

A crude face pecked in a bowlder (pi. n)
I was collected by Rev. Dr William R.

INDIAN NOTES

LENAPE STONE MASK FROM NEW JERSEY

STONE MASKS

7

Blackie on Minisink island in upper Dela-
ware river, and was presented by him to the
Museum of the American Indian, Heye
Foundation. Another of the same type
was found also by Dr Blackie and is in the

American Museum of Natural History,
New York City.

Consult: ABBOTT, C. C., Primitive Industry,
p. 394, Salem, Mass., 1881. SKINNER, A.,
(1) Indians of Greater New York, p. 117, Cedar
Rapids, Iowa, 1915. (2) Preliminary Report of
the Archaeological Survey of New Jersey, p. 32,
Bulletin 9. Geological Survey of New Jersey.
Trenton, 1913. WILSON. Thomas, Prehistoric
Art, Annual Report of the U. S. National
Museum for 1896. p. 481, pi. 52, Washington,
1898.

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at Erin Bay, Trinidad. By J. Walter Fewkes.
Reprinted from Amer. Anthropol.. Vol. 16,
1914, No. 2. 50c.

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Walter Fewkes. Reprinted from Bull. Amer.
Ceogr. Soc., Vol. 46, 1914, No. 9, 50c.

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Santo Domingo, West Indies. By Theodoor
de Booy. Reprinted from Amer. Anthropol.,
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Montague, New Jersey. By George G. Heye
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J. Walter Fewkes. 1915. 50c.

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taining to Celts. By Theodoor de Booy.
Reprinted from Journ. Amer. Folk-Lore. Vol.
28, No. 107, 1915. 50c.

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Island, Venezuela. By Theodoor de Booy.
1916. 50c.

No. 6: Monolithic Axes and their Distribution
in Ancient America. By Marshall H. Saville.
1916. 50c.

Vol.3

Physical Anthropology of the Lenape or Dela-
wares, and of the Eastern Indians in Gen-
eral. By Ales Hrdlicka. (Bur. of Amer.
Ethnol., Bull. 62, 1916, with added title-page
and cover.) $1.00.

Vol.4

No. 1 : The Technique of Porcupine-Quill Dec-
oration among the North American Indians.
By William C. Orchard. 1916. $1.00.

No. 2: Certain Archeological Investigations
in Trinidad, British West Indies. By Theo-
door de Booy. Reprinted from Amer. An-
thropol., Vol. 19, 1917, No. 4. 50c.

No. 3: The Nacoochee Mound in Georgia. By
George G. Heye, F. W. Hodge, and George
H. Pepper. 1918. $1.50.

Vol.5

No. 1: A Letter of Pedro de Alvarado Relating
to his Expedition to Ecuador [1534]. By
Marshall H. Savffle. 1917. 50c.

No. 2: The Dieguefio Ceremony of the Death-
Images. ByE. H. Davis. 1919. 50c.

No. 3: Certain Mounds in Haywood County,
North Carolina. By George G. Heye. Re-
printed from Holmes Anniversary Volume,
1916. 1919. 50c.

No. 4: Exploration of Aboriginal Sites at
Throgs Neck and Clasons Point, New York
City. By Alanson Skinner. 1919. $1.00.

Address :
MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN, HEYE

FOUNDATION,

BROADWAY AT 155TH ST.,
NEW YORK CITY

INDIAN NOTES
AND MONOGRAPHS

A SERIES OF PUBLICA-
TIONS RELATING TO THE
AMERICAN ABORIGINES

SANDALS AND OTHER FABRICS
FROM KENTUCKY CAVES

BY

WILLIAM C. ORCHARD

NEW YORK

MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN

HEYE FOUNDATION

1920

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