Type and figured specimens of fossil vertebrates in the collection of the University of Kansas Museum of Natural History

QE
841

. U62 ISITY OF KANSAS miscellaneous

OT ^ M OF NATURAL HISTORY publication

^ ' • ^ No. 78

Type and Figured Specimens of
Fossil Vertebrates in the
Collection of the University of
Kansas Museum of Natural History
Part III. Fossil Birds

By

John F. Neas and Marion Anne Jenkinson

UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS

LAWRENCE 1986 February 5, 1986

5?r

A,

.1-^

UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS
MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

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HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Library of the

Museum of

Comparative Zoology

The University of Kansas
Museum of Natural History

Miscellaneous Publication No. 78
February 5, 1986

Type and Figured Specimens of Fossil Vertebrates

in the Collection of the

University of Kansas Museum of Natural History

Part III. Fossil Birds

By
John F. Neas and Marion Anne Jenkinson

Museum of Natural History

The University of Kansas

Lawrence, Kansas 66045

U.S.A.

The University of Kansas

Lawrence

1986

University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History

Editor: Robert M. Mengel
Managing Editor: Joseph T. Collins

Miscellaneous Publication No. 78

Pp. 1-14

Published February 5, 1986

MCZ
LIBRARY

APR 8 1986

HARVARD
UNIVERSITY

Museum of Natural History

The University of Kansas

Lawrence, Kansas 66045

U.S.A.

^^

Printed By

University of Kansas Printing Service

Lawrence, Kansas

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION I

SHORT HISTORY OF THE AVIAN FOSSIL COLLECTION 1

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 2

SUMMARY OF CLASSIFICATION 2

CATALOGUE 4

Class Aves 4

Subclass Ornithurae 4

Infraclass Odontoholcae 4

Order Hesperornithiformes 4

Infraclass Neornithes 5

Order Podicipediformes 5

Order Anseriformes 6

Order Galliformes 7

Order Ralliformes 7

Order Ichthyornithiformes 8

Order Charadriiformes 9

Order Columbiformes 10

Order Cuculiformes 10

Order Strigiformes 10

OrderPiciformes 11

Order Passeriformes 11

Vestigia Avium - 12

LITERATURE CITED 12

APPENDIX: GENERA AND SPECIES LISTED 14

INTRODUCTION

The present work is part three of a four
part series designed to list type and figured
specimens of fossil vertebrates in the Uni-
versity of Kansas Museum of Natural His-
tory (KUVP), as recommended by the
International Code of Zoological Nomen-
clature.

The classification employed follows that
of Martin (1983) for higher taxonomic cate-
gories. Unless otherwise stated, ordinal to
specific nomenclature is that of Brodkorb
(1963, 1964, 1967, 1971, 1978). Each spec-
imen in the catalogue is provided with the
following information: current catalogue
number and any previous number used in
publication; author and year of publication;
pagination of type description; figure(s);
preserved anatomical parts of the specimen;
geologic stage, formation, member (see
Zeller 1968), land mammal age; locality and
collector; any pertinent remarks. For each
species the holotype, if any, is listed first,
followed by paratypes and figured spec-
imens. In accordance with what we under-
stand will be recommended in the Third
Edition of the International Code of Zoo-
logical Nomenclature (probably to be pub-
lished in 1985), we include as paratypes all
remaining specimens from a type series
from which a holotype was designated.
Herein we use quotation marks around the
word "paratype" if the author(s) did not use
that word when referring to the specimen in
question.

SHORT HISTORY OF THE
AVIAN FOSSIL COLLECTION

Several factors seem particularly impor-
tant in the early development of avian pale-
ontology at the University of Kansas. One is
the presence of the Niobrara Cretaceous
chalk beds in western Kansas. These sedi-
ments have been actively collected by pale-
ontologists since about 1870, the year in
which Professor O. C. Marsh of Yale Uni-
versity discovered the first North American
Mesozoic bird remains. Subsequent collect-
ing by Benjamin Mudge, a geology profes-
sor at Kansas State University, Manhattan,
produced the first known fossil birds with
teeth, which Marsh announced in 1873.

Most specimens of Hesperornis, Ich-

thyornis, and Baptornis known to science
come from the Niobrara Chalk of Kansas
and many were collected in the late 1800's
and early 1900's by Mudge, Samuel Wen-
dell Williston, Handel Tong Martin, and
Charles and George Sternberg. Of these,
only Martin added much avian fossil mate-
rial to the collections at the University of
Kansas; one specimen collected by him now
proves to be different from other recognized
species of toothed birds. Martin also col-
lected fossils of Phorusrhacos in Patagonia
(although only some of this material re-
mained in KU's collection) and the type
specimen of Griis nannodes from Edson
Quarry, Sherman County, Kansas.

Similarly important was the association
with the museum of Charles Dean Bunker,
between 1895 and 1901 and again from 1905
until his retirement in 1942. Bunker inspired
an entire generation of KU students of natu-
ral history (including William H. Burt, The-
odore Downs, David H. Dunkle, E.
Raymond Hall, Claude W. Hibbard, John E.
Hill, Remington Kellogg, R. A. Sfirton,
Alexander Wetmore, and Theodore E.
White); many of these became leaders in
their fields. Bunker oversaw the collections
of both Recent birds and mammals; he also
spent a summer in the field with Charles
Sternberg. Especially important is the fact
that he recognized the value of skeletal
material of Recent birds long before most
other curators did. His efforts at collecting
and preparing skeletal specimens, and those
of the students he inspired, resulted in the
establishment at KU of one of the world's
great collections of avian skeletal specimens.

Finally, the fossil avian collection was
greatly expanded during the 1930's and
1940's as a result of C. W. Hibbard's
development of techniques for collecting
microfossils. More than 1,000 fossil avian
specimens have been added to the museum
collection as a result of numerous field
parties conducted by Hibbard at several
important Pliocene (Rexroad and Keefe
Canyon) and Pleistocene (Borchers. Jones,
Sunbrite, Kentuck, Rezabek, and Cudahy)
local faunas. Other field parties led by Hib-
bard collected in Oklahoma and Nebraska.
With the exception of specimens described
by Wetmore and others, which include six

MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATION MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

holotypes, much of the bird material col-
lected by Hibbard has been studied only to a
minor extent.

A hiatus in fossil bird collecting fol-
lowed Hibbard' s departure in 1946 and,
with few exceptions, continued unbroken for
more than two decades. Notable among the
exceptions is a collection of many hundreds
of bird fossils discovered with bat, insec-
tivore, reptile, and amphibian remains that
were obtained by James W. Bee in 1957
from three Pleistocene Puerto Rican cave
faunas. Also, a small assemblage of late
Pleistocene birds was collected from Doni-
phan County, Kansas, by Sudi Einsohn in
1969.

The appointment of Larry D. Martin as
curator in 1972 ushered in an era of revived
interest in fossil birds at KU. The museum
acquired important specimens of Cretaceous
toothed birds discovered by Marion Bonner
and his sons Orville and Chuck. These
specimens include a partial, juvenile skel-
eton of Baptornis advenus collected by Or-
ville in 1962, a complete skull of Hesperor-
nis discovered by Marion and Chuck in
1981, and a partial skeleton of Parahesper-
omis collected by Orville, in the same year.
During the same period, J. D. Stewart col-
lected seven specimens of Ichthyornis from
the Niobrara Cretaceous and more than 100
bird fossils from two new Pleistocene avi-
faunas in Kansas (Trap Shoot and Hill City
local faunas). Excavations begun in 1975 at
Natural Trap Cave (Wyoming) by L. D.
Martin and B. Miles Gilbert have yielded a
number of Pleistocene and Holocene birds.
The museum also houses more than 300
Miocene specimens of birds from the Pungo
River Formation of North Carolina collected
by Jerry Case, and from the Big Sandy
Formation of Arizona collected by Dan
Adams around 1975. The Divisions of Pale-
ontology and Ornithology have jointly devel-
oped a collection of casts of many fossil
avian holotypes from around the world.

The entire collection of fossil birds has
now been entered onto the computer and
inventoried, through the efforts of the two
authors, plus J. D. Stewart and Kenneth
Whetstone. As a result, the 12 holotypic and
17 paratypic specimens (plus the 30 figured
specimens which are not holotypes or para-

types) have all been located. All of the
holotypes and paratypes are valid; 3 of the
holotypes and 6 paratypes of another species
represent the type-species of their genera.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We express our gratitude to L. D. Martin
for sharing his vast knowledge of the collec-
tion with us, to H.-P. Schultze for his
assistance with the manuscript, and to Or-
ville Bonner, Pierce Brodkorb, Darrel Frost,
Robert M. Mengel, J. D. Stewart, Robert
W. Wilson, and Glen E. Woolfenden, for
their assistance with various matters. Hilde-
garde Howard read the manuscript and made
valuable suggestions for its improvement.

The compilation of the catalogue was
supported by the National Science Founda-
tion, Grant no. DEB-81 15956.

SUMMARY OF CLASSIFICATION

Class Aves

Subclass Ornithurae

Infraclass Odontoholcae

Order Hesperornithiformes

Family Hesperornithidae
Family Baptornithidae
Infraclass Neornithes

Order Podicipediformes

Family Podicipedidae
Order Anseriformes
Suborder Anseres
Family Anatidae

Subfamily Anatinae
Subfamily Aythyinae
Order Galliformes

Family Cracidae
Family Phasianidae
Subfamily

Odontophorinae
Order Ralliformes
Suborder Ralli
Family Rallidae

Subfamily Rallinae
Subfamily

Gallinulinae
Subfamily Fulicinae
Suborder Grues
Family Gruidae

Subfamily Gruinae
Order Ichthyornithiformes

Family Ichthyornithidae

TYPE AND FIGURED FOSSIL VERTEBRATES AT UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS

Order Charadriiformes
Suborder Charadrii
Family Scolopacidae
Subfamily
Scolopacinae
Family Recurvirostridae
Subfamily

Presbyornithinae
Family Burhinidae
Order Columbiformes
Suborder Columbae
Family Columbidae
Subfamily
Columbinae

Order Cuculiformes
Suborder Cuculi
Family Cuculidae
Order Strigiformes

Family Protostrigidae
Order Piciformes
Suborder Galbulae

Family Primobucconidae
Order Passeriformes
Suborder Passeres
Family Icteridae
Family Emberizidae
Vestigia Avium

MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATION MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

CATALOGUE

Class Aves Linnaeus 1758
Subclass Ornithurae Haeckel 1866
Infraclass Odontoholcae (Stejneger 1885)
Order Hesperornithiformes (Fiirbringer 1888)
Family Hesperomithidae Marsh 1872
Parahesperomis Martin 1984
Parahesperomis alexi Martin 1984
(Type-species)
KUVP 2287 Parahesperomis alexi— Uorim 1984: pp. 143-145; figs. IB-C, 2B, 2E,
2G, 3A, 3C, 4A; tarsometatarsus, lacrimal, coracoid, dorsal and
lateral views of restored skull, lateral view of restored skeleton.

Martin (1983: p. 317) cited KUVP 2287 as the holotype of
Parahesperomis alexi, but it is doubtful that his discussion in that
publication can be considered as a diagnosis. We think Martin's 1984
publication should be considered as establishing the name Para-
hesperomis alexi. KUVP 2287 is a nearly complete skeleton, includ-
ing tarsal scutes and feather impressions. Parts of KUVP 2287 have
been figured in a number of publications, under several names:

Hesperornis—^iWision 1896: pi. II (showing tarsometatarsus and scute
impressions). This same figure appeared in Williston 1898 as pi. VIII.

Hesperornis gracilis— Lucas 1903: p. 552; fig. 1-2; quadrate and
pterygoid. As Gingerich (1976, p. 27) indicated, the left pterygoid in
Lucas's figure 2 is erroneously labelled as a right pterygoid.

Lucas established the genus Hargeria for Yale Peabody Museum
specimen 1473, the holotype of Hesperornis gracilis. He assumed,
however, that KUVP 2287 was conspecific with YPM 1473 and used
the characters of the former to distinguish the genus.

Hesperornis— Gregory 1951: fig. 2A-C; a restoration of the lower jaw.
This same figure, labelled Hesperornis gracilis Marsh, appeared in
Gregory 1952 as fig. 7A-C.

Hargeria (Hesperornis) gracilis-Schmidt and Keil 1958: fig. 106, 167,
235, 236; cross-sections of teeth. These same illustrations appeared in
Schmidt and Keil 1971, as figures 113, 240, 333, 334.

Hesperornis regah s—Sv/inton 1975: fig. 15 ( = Gregory 1951, fig. 2A-
C). Swinton thought this might possibly be a mosasaur jaw.

Hesperornis— G'mgench 1976: fig. 2a-b, 3a-b; ventral view of the skull,
quadrate, and pterygoid.

Hesperornithid— Martin, Stewart, and Whetstone 1980: tig. 2A, 2D;
stereophotographs of complete teeth.

Parahesperomis a/ev/— Martin 1983: fig. 9.6B, 9. 73; restorations of the
complete skeleton and skull.

Upper Cretaceous, Santonian or Campanian, Niobrara Formation, Smoky

Hill Chalk Member; probably west of Hill City, Graham County, Kansas;

collected by H. T Martin in 1894.

Family Baptornithidae American Ornithologists' Union 1910 (placed

in Podicipediformes by Brodkorb, 1963)
Baptornis Marsh 1877
Baptornis advenus Marsh 1 877

TYPE AND FIGURP:D FOSSIL VERTEBRATES AT UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS

KUVP 2290 Baptornis advenus— Lucas 1903: fig. 6-8; coracoid, partial scapula,
radius, ulna, humerus, and patella. The posterior (sternal) end of right
coracoid figured by Lucas (1903, fig. 6) appears incorrectly rotated
180°. Compare Martin and Tate, 1976 (fig. 9c, 10b).

Baptornis advenus—Martm and Tate 1976: fig. 3d-f, 5b, 9b (based
partially on this specimen), 9c-d, 10b, llb-d, 12a-b, 13b, 13d, 16c,
16e, 19 (a composite restoration, only the wing and shoulder girdle
being based on this specimen); cervical and thoracic vertebrae, a
scapula, coracoid, humerus, radius, ulna, proximal and distal tar-
sometatarsi, and synsacrum.

Baptornis advenus—Mari'in 1983: fig. 9.6C (modified from Martin and
Tate 1976, fig. 19).

KUVP 2290 also consists of additional vertebrae, fragments of ribs
and pelvis, both femora, both tibiotarsi, and the proximal end of a
fibula, none of which has been figured.

Upper Cretaceous, Santonian or Campanian, Niobrara Formation, Smoky

Hill Chalk Member; ?Logan County, Kansas.

KUVP 16112 Baptornis advenus— Martin and Tate 1976: fig. 19; a composite restora-
tion, the tip of the bill being based on this specimen.
Baptornis advenus— Martin and Bonner 1977: fig. lA, IC, IF (incor-
rectly stated as KUVP 16122) and II; premaxillary fragment, right
femur, distal end of left tibia without tarsals, and left metatarsal
without tarsals.

KUVP 16112, an immature specimen, also includes vertebrae,
synsacrum, the left femur, the right tibia, the right metatarsal,
phalanges, and other fragments, none of which has been figured.
Upper Cretaceous, Upper Santonian or Lower Campanian, Niobrara
Formation, Smoky Hill Chalk Member; Willow Canyon, 10 miles south
of Russell Springs, SE'A. NW'A, Sec. 13. T15S. R35W, Logan County,
Kansas; collected by O. Bonner in 1962.

Infraclass Neornithes (Gadow 1893)
Order Podicipediformes (Fiirbringer 1
Family Podicipedidae (Bonaparte 1831)
Colymbus Linnaeus 1758
see Podiceps Latham 1787

Podiceps Latham 1787

Podiceps caspicus (Hablizl 1783)
KUVP 5676 Colymbus caspicus— Downs 1954: fig. la; complete left carpometacar-

pus.
Quaternary, Pleistocene, Vanhem Formation (Rancholabrean land mam-
mal age), Jones local fauna; Sec. 8, T33S, R27W, Meade County, Kansas;
collected by C. W. Hibbard and party in 1939.

MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATION MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

Order Anseriformes (Wagler 1831)

Suborder Anseres Wagler 1831

Family Anatidae Vigors 1825

Subfamily Anatinae (Vigors 1825)

Anas Linnaeus 1758

Anas acuta Linnaeus 1766
KUVP 5641 Anas acuta— Downs 1954: fig. lb, right figure; anterior (furcular) end of

left coracoid.
KUVP 5644 Anas acuta— Downs 1954: fig. lb, left figure; anterior (furcular) end of

left coracoid.
5641, 5644: Quaternary, Pleistocene, Vanhem Formation (Rancholabrean
land mammal age), Jones local fauna; Sec. 8, T33S, R27W, Meade
County, Kansas; collected by C. W. Hibbard and party in 1939.

Anas bunkeri (Wetmore 1944)
KUVP 3982 Nettion bunkeri— Wetmore 1944: pp. 92-94; fig. 1-3; holotype, right

carpometacarpus without metacarpal III (called metacarpal IV by

Wetmore).
Tertiary, Pliocene, Rexroad Formation (Blancan land mammal age),
Rexroad local fauna; NW'A, SW'A, Sec. 22, T33S, R29W, Meade
County, Kansas; collected by C. W. Hibbard and party in 1937.

Anas clypeata Linnaeus 1758
KUVP 5639 Anas clypeata— Downs 1954: fig. Ig; complete left coracoid.

Quaternary, Pleistocene, Vanhem Formation (Rancholabrean land mam-
mal age), Jones local fauna; Sec. 8, T33S, R27W, Meade County, Kansas;
collected by C. W. Hibbard and party in 1939.

Anas sp.
KUVP 5649 Anas (teal)— Downs 1954: fig. Id; right carpometacarpus missing meta-
carpal III.
KUVP 5679 Anas (teal)— Downs 1954: fig. Ic; anterior (furcular) end of right

coracoid.
KUVP 5683B See KUVP 25464
KUVP 5683C See KUVP 25465
KUVP 25464 Anas (teal)— Downs 1954: fig. le; figured under former no. 5683B;

proximal end of left tibiotarsus.
KUVP 25465 Anas (teal)— Downs 1954: fig. If; figured under former no. 5683C; distal
end of left tibiotarsus.
5649, 5679, 25464, 25465: Quaternary, Pleistocene, Vanhem Formation
(Rancholabrean land mammal age), Jones local fauna; Sec. 8, T33S,
R27W, Meade County, Kansas; collected by C. W. Hibbard and party in
1939.

Nettion Kaup 1829

Nettion bunkeri Wetmore 1944

see Anas bunkeri (Wetmore 1944)

Subfamily Aythyinae (Delacour and Mayr 1945)

Aythya Boie 1822

Aythya sp.
KUVP 5652 /lv//7V«— Downs 1954: fig.
KUVP 6052 Avthya—Downs 1954: fig.
KUVP 6057 Aythya —Downs 1954: fig.

li; proximal fragment of right humerus.
Ih; complete left coracoid.
Ij; distal left humerus.

TYPE AND FIGURED FOSSIL VERTEBRATES AT UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS

KUVP 9901

KUVP 3981
KUVP 3997

KUVP 3865
KUVP 3867
KUVP 3869
KUVP 3870
KUVP 3871
KUVP 3872

KUVP 3866
KUVP 3868

5652, 6052, 6057: Quaternary, Pleistocene, Vanhem Formation
(Rancholabrean land mammal age), Jones local fauna; Sec. 8, T33S,
R27W, Meade County, Kansas; collected by J. Tihen and party in 1940
(except 5652 which was collected by C. W. Hibbard and party in 1939).

Order Galliformes (Temminck 1820)

Family Cracidae Vigors 1825

Cracid, gen. et sp. indet.
Cracid, genus and species indeterminate— Martin and Mengel 1984: p.

176; fig. IG-K; distal right tibiotarsus.
Tertiary, early Miocene, Pawnee Creek Formation (Hemingfordian land
mammal age), Martin Canyon local fauna; "Quarry A," NE'A, Sec. 27,
TUN, R53W, Logan County, Colorado; collected by R. W. Wilson and
party.

Family Phasianidae Vigors 1825

Subfamily Odontophorinae Gould 1844

Colinus GoWuss 1820

Colinus hibbardi Wetmore 1944
Colinus hibbardi— Wetmore 1944: pp. 96-98; fig. 4-5; holotype, right

tarsometatarsus missing trochleae for digits II and IV.
Colinus hibbardi— Wetmore 1944: fig. 6-8; "paratype," distal right

humerus.
3981, 3997: Tertiary, Pliocene, Rexroad Formation (Blancan land mam-
mal age), Rexroad local fauna; NW'A, SWA, Sec. 22, T33S, R29W,
Meade County, Kansas; collected by C. W. Hibbard and party in 1937.

Order Ralliformes (Reichenbach 1852)

Suborder Ralli (Reichenbach 1852)

Family Rallidae Vigors 1825

Subfamily Rallinae (Vigors 1825)

RaUus Linnaeus 1758

Rallus prenticei Wetmore 1944
RaUus prenticei— Wetmore 1944: pp. 99-103

plete right humerus.
RaUus prenticei— Wetmore 1944: p. 101; fig

plete right coracoid.
RaUus prenticei— Wetmore 1944: p.

sus, distal end.
RaUus prenticei— Wetmore 1944: p.

distal end.
RaUus prenticei— Wetmore 1944: p

missing head.
RaUus prenticei— Wetmore 1944: p

fig. 9-12; holotype, com-

13-14; "paratype," com-

01; "paratype," right tarsometatar-

102; "paratype," right tibiotarsus,

102; "paratype," right humerus,

102; fig. 15-19; "paratype," left

tibiotarsus without proximal end.
3865, 3867, 3869-3872: Tertiary, Pliocene, Rexroad Formation (Blancan
land mammal age), Rexroad local fauna; NE'A, NW'A, Sec. 22, T33S,
R29W, Meade County, Kansas; collected by C. W. Hibbard and party in
1936 and (for specimen 3867) in 1937.
RaUus prenticei— Wetmore 1944: p. 100; "paratype," left humerus,

distal two-thirds.
RaUus prenticei— Wetmore 1944: p. 101; "paratype," left coracoid,

without sternal end.

MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATION MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

3866, 3868: Tertiary, Pliocene, Rexroad Formation (Blancan land mam-
mal age), Rexroad local fauna; NW'A, SWA, Sec. 22, T33S, R29W,
Meade County, Kansas; collected by C. W. Hibbard and party in 1937.

Subfamily Gallinulinae Gray 1840

Gallinula Brisson 1760

Gallinula kansarum Brodkorb 1967
KUVP 3994 Gallinula kansarum— Brodkorb 1967: p. 125 (footnote); holotype, distal

part of left humerus.

Brodkorb notes Wetmore's (1944, p. 103) referral of this specimen

to Fulica americana Gmelin. The holotype is first figured by Feduccia

(1968; fig. 3, two figures on right). On page 448 Feduccia erroneously

refers to this figure as "fig. 1."
KUVP 3988 Gallinula kansarum— Brodkorb 1967: p. 125 (footnote); "paratype,"

right ulna, without olecranon, "referred only tentatively" to this

species by Brodkorb.
3994, 3988: Tertiary, Pliocene, Rexroad Formation (Blancan land mam-
mal age), Rexroad local fauna; NW'A, SWA, Sec. 22, T33S, R29W,
Meade County, Kansas; collected by C. W. Hibbard and party in 1937.

Subfamily Fulicinae (Nitzsch 1820)

Fulica Linnaeus 1758

Fulica americana Gmelin 1789

see Gallinula kansarum Brodkorb 1967

Suborder Grues Bonaparte 1854
Family Gruidae Vigors 1825
Subfamily Gruinae (Vigors 1825)
Grus Pallas 1766

Grus nannodes Wetmore and Martin 1930
KUVP 3757 Grus nannodes— WetmorQ and Martin 1930: pp. 62-63; fig. 23-25;
holotype, left carpometacarpus without proximal end. The figure of
the carpometacarpus shows an intact metacarpal III (which Wetmore
and Martin called metacarpal IV). It is now broken and much of the
shaft is missing. According to Wetmore and Martin, part of the
extreme distal end of the "second metacarpal" ( = metacarpal I) is
present, but this is not apparent to us, either in their figures or in the
existing specimen.
Tertiary, late Miocene, Ogallala Formation (Hemphillian land mammal
age); Edson Quarry, SW'A, Sec. 25, TIOS, R38W, Sherman County,
Kansas; collected by H. T. Martin in 1924.

Order Ichthyornithiformes (Marsh 1873)

Family Ichthyornithidae (Marsh 1873)

Ichthyornis (Marsh 1872)
KUVP 2294 Ichthyornis sp. —Martin and Stewart 1982: fig. IB; presacral vertebra.
Upper Cretaceous, Upper Santonian or Lower Campanian, Niobrara
Formation, Smoky Hill Chalk Member; 10 miles south of Russell Springs,
Willow Canyon, Sec. 11, 12, 13, T15S, R35W, Logan County, Kansas.

TYPE AND FKiURED FOSSIL VERTEBRATES AT UNIVERSll Y OF KANSAS

Order Charadriiformes (Huxley 1867)
Suborder Charadrii (Huxley 1867)
Family Scolopacidae Vigors 1825
Subfamily Scolopacinae (Vigors 1825)
Bartramia Lesson 1831
Bartramia longicauda (Bechstein 1831)
KUVP 5653 Bartramia longicauda—Dowm 1954: fig. Im, right figure; proximal end

of right humerus.
KUVP 5654 Bartramia loni^icauda—Downs 1954: fig. In: erroneously published as

5659; right humerus without distal end.
KUVP 5655 Bartramia longicauda— Downs 1954: fig. lo; distal end of right humerus.
KUVP 5659 Bartramia longicauda— Downs 1954: fig. Im, left figure; erroneously

published as no. 5654; proximal end of left humerus.
KUVP 6394 Bartramia longicauda— Downs 1954: fig. lk-1; complete left tar-
sometatarsus.
5653-5655, 5659, 6394: Quaternary, Pleistocene, Vanhem Formation
(Rancholabrean land mammal age), Jones local fauna; Sec. 8, T33S,
R27W, Meade County, Kansas; collected by C. W. Hibbard and party in
1939 (except for specimens 5654 and 6394, which were collected in
1941).

Erolia Vieillot 1816

see Calidris Merrem 1804

Calidris Merrem 1 804
KUVP 6064 £rc»//a— Downs 1954: fig. 5a; complete left tarsometatarsus.

Quaternary, Pleistocene, Vanhem Formation (Rancholabrean land mam-
mal age), Jones local fauna; Sec. 8, T33S, R27W, Meade County, Kansas;
collected by J. Tihen and party in 1940.

In 1973, the genus Erolia was merged with Calidris (American
Ornithologists' Union 1973, p. 415).

Family Recurvirostridae Bonaparte 1831

Subfamily Presbyornithinae (Wetmore 1926)

Coltonia Hardy 1959

Coltonia recurvirostra Hardy 1959
(Type-species)
KUVP 10105 Coltonia recurvirostra— Yiairdy 1959: pp 106-108; fig. 1; holotype,

associated distal left humerus, left radius and ulna, radiale, ulnare, and

proximal left carpometacarpus.
Tertiary, Eocene, Colton Formation (Wasatchian land mammal age),
mouth of Ephraim Canyon, Wasatch Plateau, Sanpete County, Utah;
collected by K. E. Boker in 1953.

This enigmatic group of birds has had an uncertain status ever since
Wetmore (1926) first described Presbyomis and allocated it to a new
family (Presbyornithidae). According to Olson and Feduccia (1980, p. 22)
"until more detailed comparisons are made of the osteology of Presbyor-
nis, firm recommendations as to the taxonomic status of the Presbyor-
nithidae cannot be made. ... we feel that Presbyomis probably would
have to be considered as still having had a charadriiform grade of
morphology."

10

KUVP 6822

KUVP 5650

KUVP 3995

KUVP 25629
KUVP 25630

KUVP 25631

KUVP 16601

MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATION MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

Family Burhinidae Mathews 1913

Burhinus Illiger 1811

Burhinus aquilonahs Feduccia 1980
Burhinus aquilonaris— Feduccia 1980: pp. 115-117; fig. 1; holotype,

complete left humerus. Bearing same number and data are associated

paratypes: left radius and broken left ulna, fragmentary left ilium, and

rib fragments.
Quaternary, Pleistocene, Sanborn Formation (Rancholabrean land mam-
mal age); NE'A, Sec. 3, T3S, R27W, Decatur County, Kansas; collected
by C. W. Hibbard in 1943.

Order Columbiformes (Latham 1790)

Suborder Columbae Latham 1790

Family Columbidae (Illiger 1811)

Subfamily Columbinae (Illiger 1811)

Zenaidura Bonaparte 1855

Zenaidura macroura (Linnaeus 1758)
Zenaidura macroura— Downs 1954: fig. 5b; proximal end of right

carpometacarpus.
Quaternary, Pleistocene, Vanhem Formation (Rancholabrean land mam-
mal age), Jones local fauna; Sec. 8, T33S, R27W, Meade County, Kansas;
collected by C. W. Hibbard and party in 1939.

Zenaidura prior Brodkorb 1969
Zenaidura /7nor— Brodkorb 1969: pp. 174-175; fig. 1; holotype, left

humerus without distal end.
Tertiary, Pliocene, Rexroad Formation (Blancan land mammal age),
Rexroad local fauna; NW'A, SWA, Sec. 22, T33S, R29W, Meade
County, Kansas; collected by C. W. Hibbard and party in 1937.

Order Cuculiformes (Wagler 1830)
Suborder Cuculi Wagler 1830
Family Cuculidae Vigors 1825
Cursoricoccyx Martin and Mengel 1984
Cursoricoccyx geraldinae Martin and Mengel 1984
(Type-species)

Cursoricoccyx geraldinae— Mart'm and Mengel 1984: pp. 172-174; fig.
2B-F; holotype, proximal right tarsometatarsus.

Cursoricoccyx geraldinae— Martm and Mengel 1984: fig. 2G-J; "para-
type," anterior (furcular) end of right coracoid.

Cursoricoccyx geraldinae— Man'm and Mengel 1984: fig. lA-F; "para-
type," left carpometacarpus.

25629-25631: Tertiary, Miocene, Pawnee Creek Formation (Heming-

fordian land mammal age), Martin Canyon local fauna; "Quarry A,"

NEV4, Sec. 27, TUN, R53W, Logan County, Colorado; collected by R.

W. Wilson and party.

Order Strigiformes (Wagler 1 830)

Family Protostrigidae Wetmore 1933

fo^mjc Brodkorb 1971

Eostrix martinellii Martin and Black 1972
Eostrix martinellii-Marnn and Black 1972: pp. 887-888; fig. lA-C;

holotype, distal end of left tarsometatarsus.
Tertiary, Eocene, Wind River Formation, Lysite Member (Wasatchian

TYPE AND FIGURED FOSSIL VERTEBRATES AT UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS 1

land mammal age); NW'A, Sec. 22, T39N, R90W; Cottonwood Creek,
Fremont County, Wyoming; collected by J. Martinelli in 1970. Er-
roneously published as NE'A, Sec. 22, T90W.

Order Piciformes (Meyer and Wolf 1810)

Suborder Galbulae Fiirbringer 1888

Family Primobucconidae Feduccia and Martin 1976

Uintornis Marsh 1872

Uintornis marionae Feduccia and Martin 1976
KUVP 26906 Uintornis marionae— Feduccia and Martin 1976: p. 108; fig. 5a-d;

holotype, distal end of left tarsometatarsus missing trochlea for digit

IV. This specimen is incorrectly called a right tarsometatarsus in the

holotype designation but correctly referred to in the figure legend as a

left tarsometatarsus.
Tertiary, Eocene, Bridger Formation (Bridgerian land mammal age); Sage
Creek, Sweetwater County, Wyoming. Collected by H. H. Lane and H. T.
Martin in 1927.

Uintornis was originally allocated to the Picidae by Marsh (1872) and
later was placed in the Cuculiformes by Cracraft and Morony (1969) and
Brodkorb (1970, 1971).

Order Passeriformes (Linnaeus 1758)
Suborder Passeres Linnaeus 1766
Family Icteridae (Vigors 1825)
Agelaius Vieillot 1816
KUVP 5648 lAgelaius— Downs 1954: fig. 5c; complete right carpometacarpus. For
locality description, see under KUVP 6067, Icteridae.

Molothrus Swainson 1832

KUVP 5669 ? Molothrus— Downs 1954: fig. 5d; right carpometacarpus missing meta-
carpal III. For locality description, see under KUVP 6067, Icteridae.

KUVP 6062 1 Molothrus— Downs 1954: fig. 5f; proximal end of left humerus. For
locality description, see under KUVP 6067, Icteridae.

Icteridae, gen. et sp. indet.
KUVP 6067 Icteridae— Downs 1954: fig. 5e; proximal end of left ulna.

5648, 5669, 6062, 6067: Quaternary, Pleistocene, Vanhem Formation
(Rancholabrean land mammal age), Jones local fauna; Sec. 8, T33S.
R27W, Meade County, Kansas; 5648 and 5669 collected by C. W.
Hibbard and party in 1939; 6062 and 6067 collected by J. Tihen and party
in 1940.

KUVP 5647

KUVP 5647A
KUVP 5647B
KUVP 25467

Family Emberizidae Vigors 1831

Calamospiza Bonaparte 1838

Calamospiza melanocorys Stejneger 1885
Calamospiza melanocorys— Downs 1954: fig. 5g-h; formerly no. 5647 A.

published erroneously as no. 5674; rostrum. For description of

locality, see under KUVP 6068, Calcarius.
See KUVP 5647
See KUVP 25467
Calamospiza melanocorys— Downs 1954: fig. 5k-l; formerly no. 5647B,

published erroneously as no. 5674B; rostrum. For description of

locality, see under KUVP 6068, Calcarius.

12

MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATION MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

Calcarius Bechstein 1802
KUVP 6068 Ca/canM^— Downs 1954: fig. 5i-j; rostrum.

5647, 6068, 25467: Quaternary, Pleistocene, Vanhem Formation
(Rancholabrean land mammal age), Jones local fauna; Sec. 8, T33S,
R27W, Meade County, Kansas; collected by C. W. Hibbard and party in
1939 (except 6068 which was collected by J. Tihen and party in 1940).

Pedinorhis Olson and McKitrick 1981
Pedinorhis stirpsarcana Olson and McKitrick 1981
(Type-species)
KUVP 37051 Pedinorhis stirpsarcana— Ohon and McKitrick 1981: p. 280; paratype,

rostrum.
KUVP 37052 Pedinorhis stirpsarcana— Olson and McKitrick 1981: p. 280; paratype,

rostrum.
KUVP 37053 Pedinorhis stirpsarcana— Olson and McKitrick 1981: p. 280; paratype,

rostrum.
KUVP 37054 Pedinorhis stirpsarcana— Olson and McKitrick 1981: p. 280; fig. ID-F;

paratype, rostrum.
KUVP 37055 Pedinorhis stirpsarcana— Olson and McKitrick 1981: p. 280; paratype,

rostrum.
KUVP 37056 Pedinorhis stirpsarcana— Olson and McKitrick 1981: p. 280; paratype,
mandible.
37051-37056: Quaternary, Late Pleistocene; Cuevo del Perro, Ciales
Valley, about 2 kilometers south of Barrio de Barahona. Municipio de
Morovis, 18°20'57"N, 66°26'47"W, Puerto Rico; collected by J. W. Bee
in 1957.

Vestigia Avium
KUVP 65696 Bird Track— Snow 1887: text fig. on p. 4.

Bird Track— Williston 1898: fig. 2 ( = Snow 1887, text fig. on p. 4).
Upper Cretaceous, Cenomanian, Dakota Formation; Thompson's Creek,
Ellsworth County, Kansas; collected by E. P. West in 1885.

Williston (1898, p. 53) agreed with Snow (1887, p. 4) that the track is
"in all probability that of a bird. ' ' Currie ( 198 1 , p. 264) refers the track to
Irenesauripus, a saurischian track. Neas compared KUVP 65696 with a
published illustration of a track of Irenesauripus and thinks that the two
show little similarity. The Kansas University specimen indicates the
presence of a hallux and the divarication of the toes is small— less than
90°.

LITERATURE CITED

American Ornithologists' Union. 1973. Thirty-
second supplement to the American Or-
nithologists" Union Check-list of North Amer-
ican birds (Check-list Committee, E.
Eisenmann, Chr.). Auk 90: 411-419.

Brodkorb, p. 1963. Catalogue of fossil birds: Part 1
(Archaeopterygiformes through Ardeiformes).
Bull. Florida State Mus. 7:179-293.

Brodkorb, P. 1964. Catalogue of fossil birds: Part 2
(Anseriformes through Galliformes). Bull. Flor-
ida State Mus. 8:195-335.

Brodkorb, P. 1967. Catalogue of fossil birds: Part 3
(Ralliformes, Ichthyornithiformes, Charadri-
iformes). Bull. Florida State Mus. 2:99-220.

Brodkorb, P. 1969. An ancestral Mourning Dove from

Rexroad, Kansas. Quart. J. Florida Acad. Sci.

31:173-176.
Brodkorb, P. 1970. The paleospecies of woodpeckers.

Quart. J. Florida Acad. Sci. 33:132-136.
Brodkorb, P. 1971. Catalogue of fossil birds: Part 4

(Columbiformes through Piciformes). Bull.

Florida State Mus. 15:163-266.
Brodkorb, P. 1978. Catalogue of fossil birds: Part 5

(Passeriformes). Bull. Florida State Mus.

23:139-228.
Cracraft, J., and J. J. MoRONY, Jr. 1969. A new

Pliocene woodpecker, with comments on the

fossil Picidae. Amer. Mus. Novitates, 2400:1-8.

TYPE AND FIGURED FOSSIL VERTEBRATES AT UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS

13

CuRRiE. R J. 1981. Bird footprints from the Gething
Formation (Aptian, Lower Cretaceous) of
northeastern British Columbia, Canada. J. Vert.
Paleont. 1:257-264.

Downs, T. 1954. Pleistocene birds from the Jones
Fauna of Kansas. Condor 56:207-221.

Feduccia, a. 1968. The Pliocene rails of North
America. Auk 85:441-453.

Feduccia, A. 1980. A thick-knee (Aves: Burhinidae)
from the Pleistocene of North America, and its
bearing on Ice Age climate. In: Papers honoring
Hildegarde Howard. Sci. Natur. Hist. Mus. Los
Angeles Co. 330:115-118.

Feduccia, A., and L. D. Martin. 1976. The Eocene
zygodactyl birds of North America (Aves:
Piciformes). In: Collected papers in avian pale-
ontology honoring the 90th birthday of Alex-
ander Wetmore. Smiths. Contr. to Paleobiol.
No. 27: 101-110.

GiNGERiCH, P. D. 1976. Evolutionary significance of
the Mesozoic toothed birds. In: Collected papers
in avian paleontology honoring the 90th birthday
of Alexander Wetmore. Smiths. Contr. to Pa-
leobiol. No. 27:23-33.

Gregory, J. T. I95I. Convergent evolution: the jaws
of Hesperornis and the mosasaurs. Evolution
5:345-354.

Gregory, J. T. 1952. The jaws of the Cretaceous
toothed birds, Ichlhyornis and Hesperornis.
Condor 54:73-88.

Hardy, J. W. 1959. A previously undescribed recur-
virostrid from the Eocene of Utah. Auk
76:106-108.

Lucas, F. A. 1903. Notes on the osteology and
relationship of the fossil birds of the genera
Hesperornis, Hargeria, Baptornis, and Di-
atryma. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 26:545-556.

Marsh, O. C. 1872. Notice of some new Tertiary and
Post-Tertiary birds. Amer. J. Sci. 4:256-262.

Martin, L. D. 1983. The origin and early radiation of
birds. In: Perspectives in ornithology. Essays
presented for the centennial of the American-
Ornithologists' Union. Chapter 9:291-338.
Cambridge Univ. Press.

Martin, L. D. 1984. A new hesperornithid and the
relationships of the Mesozoic birds. Trans. Kan-
sas Acad. Sci. 87:141-150.

Martin, L. D., and C. C. Black. 1972. A new owl
from the Eocene of Wyoming. Auk 89:887-888.

Martin, L. D., and O. Bonner, 1977. An immature
specimen of Baptornis advenus from the Cre-
taceous of Kansas. Auk 94:787-789.

Martin, L. D., and R. M. Mengel. 1984. A new

cuckoo and a chachalaca from the early Miocene
of Colorado. In: Papers in vertebrate paleontol-
ogy honoring Robert Warren Wilson. Carnegie
Mus. Natur. Hist. Special Publ. No. 9:171-177.

Martin, L. D., and J. D. Stewart. 1982. An
ichthyornithiform bird from the Campanian of
Canada. Canadian J. Earth Sci. 19:324-327.

Martin, L. D., J. D. Stewart, and K. N. Whet-
stone. 1980. The origin of birds: structure of
the tarsus and teeth. Auk 97:86-93.

Martin, L. D., and J. Tate, Jr. 1976. The skeleton of
Baptornis advenus (Aves: Hcsperornithifor-
mes). In: Collected papers in avian paleontology
honoring the 90th birthday of Alexander Wet-
more. Smiths. Contrib. Paleobiol. No.
27:35-66.

Olson, S. L., and A. Feduccia. 1980. Preshyornis
and the origin of the Anseriformes (Aves: Cha-
radriomorphae). Smiths. Contrib. Zool. No.
323. 24 pp.

Olson, S. L., and M. C. McKitrick. 1981. A new
genus and species of emberizine finch from
Pleistocene cave deposits in Puerto Rico (Aves:
Passeriformes). J. Vert. Paleont. 1:279-283.

Schmidt, W. J., and A. Keil. 1958. Die gesunden und
die erkrankten Zahngewebe des Menschen und
der Wirbeltiere im Polarisationsmikroskop. 386
pp. Carl Hanser Verlag, Miinchen.

Schmidt, W. J., and A. Keil. 1971. Polarizing
microscopy of dental tissues. 603 pp. Pergamon
Press, Oxford and New York.

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track in the Dakota Sandstone. Trans. Kansas
Acad. Sci. 10:3-6.

Swinton, W. E. 1975. Fossil birds. British Mus. (Nat.
Hist.) Publ. 397, 3rd ed., 81 pp.

Wetmore, A. 1926. Fossil birds from the Green River
deposits of eastern Utah. Ann. Carnegie Mus.
Natur. Hist. 16:391-402.

Wetmore, A. 1944. Remains of birds from the Rex-
road fauna of the upper Pliocene of Kansas.
Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 30 (pt. 1, no. 9):89-105.

Wetmore, A., and H. T Martin. 1930. A fossil
crane from the Pliocene of Kansas. Condor
32:62-63.

Williston, S. W. 1896. On the dermal covering of
Hesperornis. Kansas Univ. Quart. 5:53-54.

Williston, S. W. 1898. Birds. Paleontology, Univ.
Kansas Geol. Surv., Vol. 4, pp. 43-53.

Zeller, D. E. (ed.). 1968. The stratigraphic succes-
sion in Kansas. Kansas Geol. Surv. Bull.
189:1-81.

14

MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATION MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

APPENDIX
GENERA AND SPECIES LISTED

Agelaius 11

sp 11

Anas 6

acuta 6

bunkeri 6

clypeata 6

sp 6

Aythya 6

sp 6

Baptornis 1.4

advenus 2, 4, 5

Bartramia 9

longicauda 9

Bird Track 12

Burhinus 10

aquilonaris 10

Calamospiza 11

melanocorys 11

Calcarius 11,12

sp 12

Calidris 9

sp 9

Colinus 7

hibbardi 7

Coltonia 9

recurvirostra 9

Colymbus 5

caspicus 5

Cracid 7

Cursoricoccyx 10

geraldinae 10

Eostri.x 10

martinellii 10

Erolia 9

sp 9

Fulica 8

amehcana 8

Gallinula 8

kansarum 8

Grus 8

nannodes L 8

Hargeria (Hesperornis) 4

gracilis 4

Hesperornis 1. 2, 4

gracilis 4

regalis 4

sp 4

Hesperornithid 4

Icteridae 1 1

Ichthyornis 1, 2, 8

sp 8

Irenesauripus 12

Molothrus 11

sp 11

Nettion 6

bunkeri 6

Parahesperornis 2, 4

alexi 4

Pedinorhis 12

stirpsarcana 12

Phorusrhacos 1

Podiceps 5

caspicus 5

Presbyornis 9

Rallus 7

prenticei 7

Uintornis 11

marionae 1 1

Zenaidura 10

macroura 10

prior 10

Harvard MCZ Librai

3 2044 066 317 587

Date Due

RECENT MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS
UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

62. A demographic study of the ringneck snake {Diadophis punctatus) in Kansas. By Henry S.
Fitch. Pp. 1-53, 19 figures in text. April 3, 1975. Paper bound.

65. The biology of an equatorial herpetofauna in Amazonian Ecuador. By William E.
Duellman. Pp. 1-352, 198 figures in text. August 30, 1978. Paper bound.

66. Leptodactylid frogs of the genus Eleutherodactylus from the Andes of southern Ecuador.
By John D. Lynch. Pp. 1-62, 23 figures in text. February 28, 1979. Paper bound.

67. An ecogeographic analysis of the herpetofauna of the Yucatan Peninsula. By Julian C. Lee.
Pp. 1-75, 27 plates, 22 figures in text. February 29, 1980. Paper bound.

68. Internal oral features of larvae from eight anuran families: Functional, systematic,
evolutionary and ecological considerations. By Richard Wassersug. Pp. 1-146, 37 figures
in text. June 24, 1980. Paper bound.

69. The Eleutherodactylus of the Amazonian slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes (Anura:
Leptodactylidae). By John D. Lynch and William E. Duellman. Pp. 1-86, 8 figures in text.
August 29, 1980. Paper bound.

70. Sexual size differences in reptiles. By Henry S. Fitch. Pp. 1-72, 9 figures in text. February
27, 1981. Paper bound.

71. Late Pleistocene herpetofaunas from Puerto Rico. By Gregory Pregill. Pp. 1-72, 26 figures
in text. May 8, 1981. Paper bound.

72. Leptodactylid frogs of the genus Eleutherodactylus in the Andes of northern Ecuador and
adjacent Colombia. By John D. Lynch. Pp. 1-46, 22 figures in text. July 8, 1981. Paper
bound.

73. Type and figured specimens of fossil vertebrates in the collection of the University of
Kansas Museum of Natural History. Part L Fossil fishes. By H.-P. Schultze, J. D. Stewart,
A. M. Neuner and R. W. Coldiron. Pp. 1-53. October 6, 1982. Paper bound.

74. Relationships of pocket gophers of the genus Geomys from the central and northern Great
Plains. By Lawrence R. Heaney and Robert M. Timm. Pp. 1-59, 19 figures in text. June 1,
1983. Paper bound.

75. The taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of the hylid frog genus Stefania. By William
E. Duellman and Marinus S. Hoogmoed. Pp. 1-39, 30 figures in text. March 1, 1984.
Paper bound.

76. Variation in clutch and litter size in New World reptiles. By Henry S. Fitch. Pp. 1-76, 15
figures in text. May 24, 1985. Paper bound.

77. Type and figured specimens of fossil vertebrates in the collection of the University of
Kansas Museum of Natural History. Part IL Fossil amphibians and reptiles. By H.-P.
Schultze, L. Hunt, J. Chorn and A. M. Neuner. Pp. 1-66. December 3, 1985. Paper
bound.