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.iVo*9353.5a3
1957-
GO
Given By
3^
1^ Mill II U * I /*
FOR RELEASE WEDNESDAY, P.M.. SEPT. 2. 1959
m
z
UNIFORM
CRIME
\
= REPORTS
FOR THE UNITED STATES
printed annually — 1958
Issued by the
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Washington 25. D.C.
UNIFORM
CRIME
REPORTS
for the United Slates
PRINTED ANNUALLY — 1938
\|)\1S()KY: ( -omniillro on I nilorin ( iriint' Kt'cords
Iiil«Tnatioiial Association of (Chiefs of Police
Stanley R. Schrotel, Chief of Police
dncinnati. Ohio. CluiirrtKin
J. l-d^'ar Hoover, l)ir«Mtor. I\'(h'ral Riirraii ol I ii\ cstijjatioii
I .S. I )r|>art?n«'nt of In-t iir. \\ a-liiiiL'l<>ii - >• \).(..
Boston Public Library
Superintendent of Documents
SEP 2 3 1959
DEPOSITORY
L iiiud Slutrs GoviTiiiiHiit I'rinliiis (Xlif <•. \\ .i-liiiiL'ion. I ).C. — 1959
Contents
I'll ire
Si 1 1 11 1 IKl IV I 1-i
Inlio(liicti(»M 14 "iO
'I'lif iiitlcx of (Time. l*i.")S 27 (17
Shiiuliiid incl i(»|)»)lil!iii niciK (l)il)lf 1) 28-49
Sillies (tal)l(' 2) no-fiii
liiitcd Stairs. 1958 (table 3) <>:i
liiiicd Stales, 1957-58, 1)V ^'coirraphic divisions and
Stales (tal)lc 4) 64-07
( MMicral riiilcd States ciiiiif statistics, 1958 68-97
Cilv eiiine trends. Ht.")7 aS, hy |)o[)ulal ion groups (tal)le
:,) " 69-70
City ciiine ti-ends. 1958 versus aveiaire of 1953-57 (table
111 "•
Moiillily valuations (table 7) '1
( it \ eriine rates, by |)o|)ulat ion {groups (table 8) 72-73
Oll'ense analysis, trends, 1957-58 (table 9) 74
\ iiiiie of i)roperty •stolen, by type of eriine (table 10) . . . 74
\ alne of property stcden and value of pro})erty recovered,
by type of property (table 11) "•''
Otfenses known, cleared by arrest, and persons c}iar«red,
by population ^'roups (table 12) 75-/6
Offenses known, cleared by arrest, and persons charged,
by treogra|)liic divisions (table 13) n-tH
Persons found guilty (table 14) '^
Offenses in individual area-^ <9 91
Cities over 25.00(1 (table 15) 80 91
,Iiirisdi<-ti<.ns outside the Cnited States (table 16) . . 91
Age, s«'X, and lace of persons arrested 92-9*
Age <iistribution (tabl.'s 17. 18) 93-94
Arrest trends, 1957-5K (table 19) »•'>
Sex distribution (table 20) ^^
Race ilistribiition (table 21) ^'
l'on< e eni|)loyee data 98-121
l'..li.e eniph.ye.'s killed, 1957 (tables 22. 25) 98
( ivilian employees, percent of total (table 23) 98
Fiill-linie jx.lice employees, number and rale. April 30,
l'.»5,S (tables 24,25) ." 99-100
I'olic.' em|)lovees in individual eilie-^, April 30. 195.S
(tables 211, 27) "" '-'
III
liMI'OKM CKIMK KKPOIMS l<;r>8
Sunlma^^
'This is the liisl of llic rnit'driii (liiiic lu-poits piiMi^lird niidci- llic
irvisions siii^LTcslcd hy a special ( 'oiisiiltaiit ( 'oinmit Ice of cxix'ils
appointed l>y tlic FBI to study this proiriaiii. 'Plicir rccoinrnciida-
tioiis. ciidoiscd l)y tlic ( "(miinil I ci' on I'nifoiin ('rime liccords of the
Intt'inat ional Association of ('liicfs of I'olicc, arc reflected in cliangi'S
in form and content of this report.
The piir|)ose of tlie Suriunary is to present the nmin |)oints which
may l)e of interest to the j^eneial reach'r. For the sake of simplicity.
(|inilifyin<; stati'meiits have been omitted insofar as [)ossil>le.
l''or th()se readers who are interested in a more precise, technical
treatment or who desire to make specilic studies, detailed discussions
of the sc()j)e and limitations of the data will he found in siihsecpieiit
sections of this |)iihlication. Anyone who desires assistance in the
proj)er interi)retation of material contained herein is ui-^ed to <'om-
inunicate with the Dii'ector, Federal Bureau of InvestiLration. C.S.
Department of Justice, Washintjton, D.(\
Crinn' Imlrx Trt'iids. l'J.y7-.yH
Note: Ksti mated crinn' Intals fur the ('nilid Stairs aii/traring
here are not coinparahle to surh totals published in prior years.
In this issue, the volume of crime in the United States has heen
niejisured for the first time hy the new Crime Index. This inde.x is
composed of seven separate crime catet^ories, which are shown in the
left c«>liimn of the tal>le below.
As im'asured by the Crime Index, crime in the Inited States
showed an ov<'rall increase in 1058 of 0.3 percent over the 1057 level.
There were increases in all of the individual classihcations, as follows:
Crime index rliLiiiiflciil ion
Kittiniiiled niiniU-r of
offen-H**
ChHiiitP
1057 IWA8
Number
Percent
Totiil
1. 422. 2R5 ' 1 .VAtr^i
- ni.rwTT
+B.S
III
60. M3 ri. .u:
+ !.»
+ IS.0
t ». r*H +12. 7
lia«73
SM.073
»a.l78
U 3. .'>;••
«7». 7K7
9t\.hH\
+ 2. M«
+ 3«.578
-)-5.7W
+1«
Hiiri'l.iry ..^
l.iMTfnv over iJO
+12.0
+ia3
.\illo Ihcfl
+2 2
1957-1958
PERCENT CHANGE
CRIME INDEX
TREND- U.S.
(BASED ON NUMBER OF REPORTED OFFENSES)
TOTAL MURDER FORCIBLE ROBBERr A66RAVATED BURBLARr LARCENY AUTO IHEET
RAPE ASSAULT OVER
S50.00
FBI
CHART
Fluiirr I
It will he seen fi'oni tiic al)ovo that tho catci^ories of iioj^li. spoilt
manslaufiihter and larceny under $50, which in i)ievious issues of the
l-niform Crime Reports were listed together with the above offenses,
have not been included in the Crime Index. Statutory- rape (no
force used — victim under lep:al age of consent) has also been omitted,
and ijipe flixnit's lijivr hem limited to oU'enses involving fiu'ce.
Ill iidditioii to llif^c <-liiiiiiri'<, llic csi imal iii;^ prtM-rdiiics used in
iiriviii^ at llic jiIxinc lulals foi- ihc I'liili'd Stales arc riilin-ly in'u
Mild arc itascd on tlic I'ccoiiiiiicndat ions of tlic ('onsiiliant ('oniniittcc
1)11 rnifoiin ('rime He[)oiiiiiLr. In view of these elian^es and inas-
iniieli as the ( "liiiie Iii(h'\ was noi ii>cd in pievious years, the ciiine
TiLMires sh(»\vn altoNc for 1!>')7 will diller from similar eslimales f(»r
the I'nited States uhieli appeared in the l!l.")7 annual issue of the
rniform ('rime Ke|)oiis. Aeeordiii<;jy, no valid (•(Uiiparison ean
he drawn hetwceii the eslimale«l I'.S. crime totals shown ai)ove and
the totals appealing' in pie\ ions issues of this puhlieation.
I'i>iuilnl'um iiiul ( rinir {( rinir linlrs)
.\«>le: The crime niten pma nhil hire arc mil < niiifiiirnhh irith the
riites presented in finrii>ii.i ismus, iri/h llii rxn fitinnx nulnl hrlnii).
I'^rom H)")7 to 1!)')S, it is estimated that the po|)uIatioii in the United
Slates increased 1.7 percent As seen in the |)recedinir section, how-
ex t-r, the percent increase in the ('rime Index was live times as ^reat.
Thus, it is ohvious that crime is ^rowin<r far more ra[)i(lly than is the
L'ciieral [)o|)uIation. Below, ('rime Index li^Miies for ]\)')7 and W^'tS
have hoen converted into crime rates (the miinhcr of crimes per
KM). 000 inhahitants) hy iisiiiLr po|)ulation estimates for the i-espcci ive
\ c;irs.
Critnc iiidi-x clussifldijion
NumbtT of criniwi pt*r
lOO.non inhabitiint<i
1W57
11158
I'lTO'llt
chiinpc
Total
MurdtT
iMf rnpo
•ry
' >\iit('<l assault
ItiirK'l.iry
Liim-ny over %S0...
Aiilo theft
83&.2
4.7
7.6
39.3
6.S.0
3M.5
206.4
I.W?
8B6.0
4.7
8.4
43.5
65,5
3U2. 4
2;« 0
l.lfi 4
+7.4
+10.5
+ 10.7
+0.8
+ 10.7
+ H. 4
+0 4
All |)o|)uliilioii li;_'uirs used in this issue of I'liiforiii ( 'liiiic Rcjjoil^
are ciiririil estimates for each yeai\ Ih'ietofore, [)oj)iihi(ion fi^un
from the hilest U.S. decemiial census were used. For example, uiul«
the |)re\ ious iikMIkxI, th(> crime rales for each year from ll>5() ihrou^^
1{>')7 were obtained l)y measutin<; the crime fi<i:ures for the respectlNc
years ajrainst the 1!»5() population. Inasmuch a.s current populatior
estimates for cadi year are now used, the rates set forth in this issii
ar<' not comparable with tlios(> presented in other 3'ears, with the
exception of the years 1930, 1940, and 1950 when the general Censn-
of the Tnited States was taken.
Man I lily \ aridtlftus
Althou<rh crimes of all types occur throuirhout the year, certain
rather definite seasonal patterns emerge wiien crime data are arranged.
I)\' months.
Aggravated assaults, for example, occur with greatest fn^fpienc]
liming the warmer months of the year. The same is true of forcib]
rapes. On the other hand, neghgent manslaughters, which ai
mostly traffic deaths, tend to rise during the last cpiarter of the ye£
Crimes with property as their object have generally been moi
prevalent during the darker and colder months of the year.
19.')S, this was demonstrated most sharply in the robbery and l)urglai
classifications.
Offense Ati€ilysis
During 1958, robbei's using weapons or force committed one-half
of their crimes in streets and allevs. One-third of their crimes were
against places of business. In both of these areas they increased
their activity more than 10 percent over 1957.
Although burglars, as might be expected, operate principally at
night, they are also active in the daytune. This is most noticeable in
cases involving sneak thiev«'rv from homes. Foui" out of 10 residence
OFFENSES AGAINST
THE PERSON
OFFEHSES
KNOWN TO
POLICE
1958
MONTHLY VARIATIONS
3,131 CITY POLICE AGENCIES
TOTAL POPULATION 96,539,841
FORCIBLE
RAPE
/
■\
FBI
CHART
»•;
a-.
AGGRAVATED
ASSAULT
/
/
^\
\-s
■ •%.
IK
an
SK
Figure 2
.-i120O4* 59
OFFENSES AGAINST
PROPERTY
OFFENSES
KNOWN TO
POLICE
1958
MONTHLY VARIATIONS
3,131 CITY POLICE AGENCIES
TOTAL POPULATION 96,539,841
FBI
CHART
Fiiiiiro ,'i
hur^hwics (XMiiiicd (|iirin;z tliivliL'liI lioiirs. Krsidciicc l»iii-j;lari<'s
inrrcascd iicnilv 10 pcrcciil in l',t")S over I'.t.'i? and nccuiitilcd foe \
oiil of cvcrv 10 l)Ui}rl>irn"<.
( )f iill criincs n^niiisl propcrl \-, llmt is, rnl)l)t'i\ , l»iii^diir\, niito
tlirfl, and oilier llicfts. (lie latter account for six cases in every (en.
Almost one-half (4') [x'lcent ) of these coninion thefts involve >\ccr<-
sorics or other articles stolen fioni aniornohiles. (Tahle '.).)
I nlin' i>f Pr<t[><'rt\. Stnlrn mttl lircnrrrrd
Over one-half of the dollar \aliie (»f property stolen in WiFtH was
accounted for l>y auto thefts, in this catei;orv, the average vahiu
[>er tln'ft (or the avera«r«' value of the cars inv(>lved) was $K.Sr>. Other
property stolen by robbers, bur«rlars, and thieves, as rcp(»ited to the
police. avera<;ed $111 per offense.
While j)olice recovered 92 cents for ciicli si siojcn in the anio theft
<'ate|jory, recovei'V of other types of propert n" was at the rate of 14
cents on the dollar. (Tables 10 and 11.)
Ol)fn.s('s ( li'(trcil hy trrr.sl ntnl Vfisims i .imv'utrd. I'J.IH
I'olice c(»ntiniied the iclatively liiirh clcatiuices of crimes ajxainst the
person. They cleared 79 of each 100 of these j)y arrest, and char^'d
(held for- proseciitiorr ) ti^ per'sons. Criminal h(»nncides, forcible rapes,
and airuiavated assaidls (the crimes a<rainst the [)er-son) }^ener-ally
receive more intensive invest ij;at ive attention than the more muner-ous
and to some e.vtent less important crimes which have [)roperty as t heir-
object. Hol>l)ery, the most vicious of the pr-operty <Times, is urii({ue
in that ijioiip in that the victim is confronted l)y the criminal. Police
cleared by arr-est 4X of each 100 robl>eries and charged 42 persons.
With r-obbery and other [)r-oj)erty crimes of bin'^laiy, larceny and auto
theft jrronped toi;«'tlier. the clearance rate wai* 24 for oach 100 ofTeii-ses.
The overall experience for crimes a<rainst the person and apdnst
j)r-(»perty was 2t) offenses cleared by arrest and 21 f)ersons charj.'ed f(»r
.'.H h ion (.(Tenses. (Tables 12 and lii.)
I'"or- all crime cate>rories, as a sitrjrie «:r-oup, police reported that of
each 100 |)er-soris cliait;ed »>7 |)eisons were found guilty. The liif;he><t
conviction rate was for drivin«r uhile intoxicated, with 81 persons
foitnd «:uil(y for each lOOchai-^'ed ( 'har-ps of n<%di^'ent manslaujrhter
Were, as in previ<»iis year's. f»tllowed by the smallest proportion of
<-«iti\ ict ions, }i))orjt .SI of each 100 peiNons chai-'^ed. (Table 14.)
OFFENSES AGAINST
THE PERSON
FBI
CHART
OFFENSES
CLEARED
BY ARREST
iSff liymMiMSMi
CALENDAR YEAR 1958
1,994 CITIES 77,469,233 POPUUTION
NOT CLEARED
CLEARED
MURDER
93.5%
NEGLIGENT 89.8%
MANSLAUGHTER
FORCIBLE 73.0%
RAPE
AGGRAVATED
ASSAULT
78.9%
Figure 4
OFFENSES AGAINST
PROPERTY
OFFENSES
CLEARED
BY ARREST
CALENDAR YEAR 1958
1,994 CITIES 77,469,233 POPULATION
FBI
CHART
NOT CLEARED
CLEARED
ROBBERY
42.7%
BURGLARY
nj%
LARCENY
IU%
AUTO THEFT
26.9%
Fifinre 5
PERCENT OF
PERSONS CHARGED
PERSONS
FOUND
GUILTY
CALENDAR YEAR 1958
198 CITIES OVER 25,000 TOTAL POPULATION 38,007.281
FBI
CHART
TOTAL
kijH
DRIVING WHILE INTOXICATED
lll%|
DRUNKENNESS. DISOR0EM.Y CONDUCT: VAGRANCY
73.5%
FORGERY AND COUNTERrEITING
72 7% 1
LARCENY
710%|
LIQUOR LAWS
tS.3% 1
BURGLARY
S7.I%J
TRAFFIC AND MOTOR VEHICLE LAWS
66 7%J
NARCOTIC DRUG LAWS
65.5% 1
AUTO THEFT
640'-.J
WEAPONS CARRYING. POSSESSINa CTC
633-sJ
EMBEZZLEMENT AND FRAUD
62 5% 1
60 8%!
608%!
59.5%J
59.1%J
ROBBERY
SEX OFFENSES (INCLUDING IflOSTITUTION AND COMHERCIAUZEO VICIi
MURDER
OFFENSES AGAINST FAMILY AND CHILDREN
OTHER ASSAULTS
S2
3%
FORCIBLE RAPE
456%
45.6%
45.1% 1
1
STOLEN PROPERTY: BUYING. RECEIVING. HC
GAMBUNG
AGGRAVATED ASSAULT
41.8% 1
NEGLIGENT MANSLAUCHTIR 30.5% |
ALL OTHER OFFENSES
ma
10
.tut' of I't'i Situs trti-slnl
Alli'sls of pcisons H'^cil IS lUid n\cr liii\c iiicrrii«;r(| nlioiit I pcrcciil
rnrli yriir for I lie past .'> vrnis. uliilc jincsls of |icisoiis iitidrr- Is linvr
in(ifji<t'tl nlxmt 10 pcicciil rncli vcnr. In l!»r>.S, nrtrsls in I lie inidcr-l S
iiiTi' <ri-oii|) iiicicjiscd r_'.(» pcrrtMil in cilirs iindrf 2."».()()() popwliil ion nnd
7.1 |)ri<cnt in llic liULrcr cilirs, nccoidinir to i('poil>i of I .J.'is ciiics.
Tlif oNciidl increase in niicsu of persons iindrr is nnionntcd to S.l
pnccnl .
I'ficrtil iiircw isc, lliis increase in llie arre-^l-- of \oiillis uns <:realer
lluin the increase in the nurnix'r of yonn*: [x-opje in llie |)opiilat ion.
'riiiis. it can he seen that the increase in the \oiith population «|oes not
acconnt foi- all of the increase in \onth arre>^|s. Xor do isohitcd
I'haii^'es it) report injr |)r-oc»>(liii-es of police a<'<-ount for the incr'eas<', as
explained in another section (see p. 2i\) of this |)ul>lical ion.
( 'haiiLCes in aiicsts of yontlis from l".t."»7 to HtftS ranjred fiorn an
increase of '.VA.S percent in l)n\in»;, receivini;, ()r possessin*; stolen
pro[)erty down to an enconrajxinir decrease of '.t.7 percent in irainldin^.
I'crlia|)s the most si«rnific»nl decrease was that of 7.4 peicent in auto
I heft ; how evei". this is offset hy increases of 7. J [)eicent and 7:2 percent
in l>ur«:larv and larceny, i('s|)ect ively.
Althon«rh youths under is ie|)|-esenled otd\ I'J.l percent of nil
persons arrested, they were the suhjects of ti4.1 percent of the arrests
for auto theft. 40. l> per'cent ()f those for hrtr^laiN . 4s.r) percent of those
for- larceny, 'M)V percent of those for' r'eceivirii: <»r possessinj^ stolon
property, and 2'J.S percent of those for rohhery. In other specific
catciTories then" indicated [)articipat ion in crimes ian»re(l fi'om 1S.."»
percent of all arrests for fcucihie rape dow n t<» less than one [)eicent ftu*
dri\irit: while into.\icated. dr iird<enness, and <:amhlin»r.
Tahles 17 thronL'li 21 pre>^ent dat>i l)\ aire, st-x and race of persoris
arrested.
11
CRIMES AGAINST
PROPERTY
PERSONS ARRESTED
UNDER 18 YEARS
OF AGE
\>^
PERCENT OF TOTAL ARRESTS
CALENDAR YEAR 1958
OFFENSES ARRESTS, PERSONS UNDER
18 YEARS OF AGE
TOTAL ARRESTS,
ALL AGES
22.8%
ROBBERY
BURGURT
ItRCENY
WIO THEn
EMBE2ZLEMENI
m FRItUD
RECEIVING
STOLEN PROPERTY
FORGERY «ND
COONTERFEITING
FBI
CHART
1,586 CITIES TOTAL POPULATION 52329,497
Fiiiitrc 7
Volice Employee Data
In reports from police covering niosi of the city poj)iilalion, 4")
police employees were listed as having been kilKnl in line of duty
during 1957. Based on current population estimates api)licable to
that year, one policeman was killed for each 2.3 million iuiiabilants.
Cities with less than 10,000 inhabitants had the highest incidence of
police deaths, and, geographically, the I'acihc States reported the
most police deaths per unit of population. Such deaths are counted
in all cases where they result from injuries receiv(>d during the course
12
liJlW!)'UWi'J!'llJl)IJim^l!t',JJI.,.L Ull«li..l.m!Jj
BY POPULATION GROUPS
APRIL 30. 1958
AVERAGE NUMBER
OF FULL-TIME
POLICE OEPARTMENT
EMPLOYEES
PER 1.000 INHABITANTS
24
1.3 1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
AVERAGE CITIES CITIES CITIES CITIES CITIES CITIES
OF 3.781 LESS 10,000 25,000 50.000 100.000 OVER
CITIES THAN TO TO TO TO 250.000
10,000 25.000 50.000 100.000 250.000
of ollicial busiiu'ss juul tln-.v jiic not limilrd to tlrjiili> jiI the luiiuls of
crimitmls. (Tul)K' 22.)
As of April :iO, lOoS, in n|)oriin^' cilics. fiiil-tiiiu' polict- pcrsoiiiicl
nvcin^'cd 1 .S ptT 1.000 iiiluihihints (i<>'»S cstiinatcd poi)iilntioii). In
\\w Inr^Mst citirs (those willi «>v. r 250.000 iiiluihilniils) tlirn* were 2.4
police employees p.T l.OOd iiiliahil Mills. Civilian «'njploye«'S repre-
sented SXt percent of the total reported police eniployres. (Tables 23
and 24.)
18
r.l2«MH»— 50
IntroducLioii
riulcr the riiiforiii Crinio Ucportitifr proprani police statistics on
the state aiul local level are compiled for the Nation. The objectives
in brief are (1) the presentation of an "Index of Crime" composed of a
iclatively small group of offense classes to serve as an indicator of the
extent of and trend in criminality, and (2) the comi)ilation of the total
volume of all tyj)es of criminal offenses.
Prominent among the users of the data, of course, arc the police
departments throughout the country who make the publication of the
Uniform Crime Reports possible througii their volinitary contribution
of crime reports, and many of the tabulations are constructed |)ri-
marily for their use. At the same time, efforts are made to publish
the Uniform Crime Reports in such form that they might be of
greatest possible value to the general public and to social scientists
as well.
The International Association of Chiefs of Police
The I'niform Crime Reporting program was iniiiatcd by the Inter-
national Association of Chiefs of Police in 1930 and continues to be
carried on under their auspices. Virtually all the information called
for by this program is data actually needed for the administration of
local law enforcement.
The International Association of Chiefs of Police has a Committee
on Uniform Crime Records which serves in an ailvisory cajiacity to
the FBI in the conduct of this program. The assistance of this
committee is especially valuable in actively |)r<)ni(>iiiig the (piality of
the reports supplied by the cooperating jiolice dr|);iitments.
The Consnllaiit i.omniitlcc ami Its Kcroinincntlations
14
Ii-<lir»l icpoil ' (M)iil niiird 22 riMDniiin'iiiliil inii'^, nil of wjiicli luiNr Ihtii
cikIoi-^imI I)\ llic ( '(Hiimil t re on I iiiloriii ('linii' Kcruids of iIm- Inti-r-
iMltioiuil Associiil itMi ttT ( 'liifi-^ (if rolicr niid llir KIH.
Tlic yrtiv h».')i» will !)»• llir lirsi liill \ rjir of (t|)('iJil inn nndcr llic rn-w
pidccdiMfs. .\('\ t'll lii'lcss, it is hoped lluil sMldmls of the ( 'oii-
sidtiinl ( 'onunil li'c's report will reeo;xni/e in the ciiireiil issue of the
I'niforin ("rime Ke|)oits sul)st iint iid pfo^^-ess tttwnrd the ultiinnle
<:oids oul lined hy I he ( 'onsnll ;i nl ( "oniinil I ee.
The iinpleinenliil ion of the reeoinnnMidnl ion to pid)lisli one iintnial
I niforiM ( 'liine Kepoit in lien of the seininnnuid issues ms heictofore
innkes ii |)ossil)le to include in this one |-e|)oi'l idl n\tiiliil)le diitn for
h>.")S. Ketruljir users of the Inifoini ('rime Ke|)orts will find iheeur-
leiit issue (|uite dill'eien! in foinuil from |)iior issues. Al the snine
time. ever\' reiisoiudde etforl Iims heen nunh' t<» nniinlnin eonlinnily of
(hitii pre\ioUsly puhlished.
Since Severn I of the recom mend m t ions of t he ( 'onsultnni ( 'ommit tec
.'ire ill the nut me of loni^-innLTc phinnin^^ I hey could not he implemented
in the first year of the modilicd pro*:r!im jind some comment conccrn-
iug ihcm therefore n[)pejirs in oidci'. Brielly, Kecommendiit ions ."),
f). iind J 1 in\()lve the pioposid thnt i'irort> he innde to eidiir-;_'c the
(•oveiMjxc of stjitistics on persons nricsted to include hoth iirhjin and
rural areas hy a sampliii«r lcclini(pu' if need he- to the r]\t\ that
( 1 ) t he data on a^e, sex. a nd race of persons aires! ed miirhl he a \ ailahle
for the entire criminal |)opulation. and (2) that eventually the total
crime picture of the I'nited States mijrlit <'over all l\|)cs of oireiises
includiiii; those reported only tliidfi<rh the me<lia of arrest reports.
( '(Misccpicntly. forms for reports on |)ersons arrested in n>')S \\«'re
-^ent for the first time to sheriffs and other law enforcement authorities
|)olicin;X rural areas. In line with existing: iiisiriiction> for reporting
offenses known, these authorities were re(|Ueste(l to <-onfine their data
to arrests for ofl'eiises in the rural j)ortion of their counties. 'I'liis first
aiiempl to collect such data hroiijrht an encoura},dii<r response. Re-
ports Were received fr<tm ahoiit 10 |)ercent of the rural |)olice ap'iicies
and (»thers are perfectin<r arranj^^'incnts to report arrest data in the
future. I poll examination of the reports receiNcd it hecaine clear
that it was not yet feasihle to lahulale summary data from ihein. hut
the |)ro^rain lias gotten off to a irood start.
The Consultant ('oinmiilce aUo recommended discussions with ex-
perienced representatives of police departments to re<'onsider the
olfeiises which should l)e handled a> "otlenses known" and which
should he re|)orted on the basis of the arrest of the olfendeis. as well
as to determine t he ^idU[) of otrelises es[)eciall\ im|>or. aiit lo t he police
(iii/orrn I'ritur Ifrintrlt. .S/irri.i/ Ittur ln.iM, KinIcriI Miirfiili nl lin ••>lii;^ill'iii. W (.lilii^-iiiii, I).<'.
ill its woik. (Rcconiiiiciulations 12 mid I.'?.) Tliis topic will he on
the ji^'fiuln for the next iiUM'tiiifi; with the ( 'oinmit tec on I'liiforin ( 'linic
liccords of tiic Iiitcrnutioiial Association of Chiefs of l^olicc in the fall
of 1959. It is anticipatod tliat in accordance with the recommendation
of the ( 'onstdtant ( 'onunittee a special part of the Uniform ( 'rime Re-
|)oits will he developed in the future to deal sj)ecially witii the offenses
which at a piven time are especially important to the police in its
work.
All other reconiniendalions of the ( 'oniniiltee have been put into
efl'ect. From the more important and far-reaching ones may be
mentioned here the lesseninfj of the emphasis on the difTerentiation
between the Part 1 and Part II offenses; tiie use of a somewhat revised
p:roupino; of ofl'enses known to the police as an index of the extent of
and the trends in crimiiuility ; the discontinuance of decennial census
population figures as the basis for the computation of rates except for
the census years and use instead of annual population estimates by the
T^ureau of the Census, current data provided by various State and
local governmental agencies, and private population estimates; and
the adoption of the differentiation into standard metropolitan areas,
other urban population, and rural population instead of the former
distinction between rural and urban population.
In effect also is the recommendation that a pei-manent technical
consultant committee be established to be available to the Bureau
stafl" for consultation. The original committee agreed to serve in
this capacity for 1959, and the FBI staff has been in regular contact
with it during the preparation of this fii-st report mider the revised
plan. The Committee has indicated its concurrence with the manner
in which its recommendations have been implemented in this issue.
Reporting Procedure
Monthly and annual crime reports are sent to the FBI on a vol-
untary^ basis by city police departnuuits and agencies providing police
protection for the rural areas. These latter agencies may be the
cotmty sherifl', the county police department or in some cases the
state police organization. Carefully prepared instructions are pro^
vided so as to avoid duplication in reporting.
All police ageiu'ies participating in tiiis program are furnished the
I'niform Crime Reporting Handbook containing complete instruc-
tions, with sample forms bearing specimen entries. A Manual of
Police Records containing a basic outline of sound record procedures
is also available to the police upon recjuest.
The entries on the monthly reports are based on "offenses known
to I lie police." This means that tlie crinu>s are taken from the
16
police I('((»l(l of oIlCiix-- known to the Ijolicc iis liiivili;^ occilITcd.
iTpiidlrss of w licl her nii jirir^l \\n^ iiiimIc in llic ciisc or not. Such
fjirlois as the iccovcrv of |)ro|)«'il y, the hj^c of the person or j)crsons
Unown to have hccn i-csponsililc for Mu' act. or tlic attitude of the
\iclitn towards |)ro>eciilion ai'c not taken into consideiation. On an
annual basis the ])olice submit a suniination of the 12 monthly re|)orls,
makin«x any necessary aidjusinu'nts. The crimes re|)orted on the
basis of "oU'eiises known" are criminal homicide, forcible raj)e, rob-
beiy, ajZLrravated assault, bur^dar\, laiceny and auto theft.
In addition to t his repoi! in^r <»f t he "olfcnses know n," the city police
(and in the future also ihe ruial |)olice, >>ce ai)o\<') furnish an annual
report of |)ersoiis arrested for all ty|)es of crinu'S includini;: those
mentiiMU'd above. These annual reports provide data on the ajjo,
sex and lace of tiie arre^-ted persons, as well as inf(Uiuation on the
<lis|)(»siti(Mi of the chari^cs |)laced ajrainst them.
Anothei- item of iid'ornuilion provided by the coo|)erat in;^ ajfcncii-s
and presented in this report is the "cleared by arrest" data (tables
12 and 13). These data, available for cities «;rou|>ed by size and
location, show the success the police had in lO'jS in soivin*; crimes
by arrest. An oU'eiise is Ireated as cleared when one or moic of the
oU'eiulers involved in its conunission is arrested and made available
for i)rosecution. These clearatu-es icfer to olFenses, not arrests.
Thus, the arrest of one |)erson nuiy cleai' seveial crimes while under
other circumstances the arrest of se\cral persons nuiy <'leai" only
one crime.
( hi.s>.ijir4i lion of (flfriisrs
The complete cla^^ilical icui of crinu's is shown below with l)ri(f
definitions for each:
1. ( 'riminal fiiimirit/e. (<i ) Murder and nonne«rli<rent maiislau<rh(('r
includes all wilful felonious homicides as distintruished from deaths
cau-ed by iu'{;lip'nce. Does not include attempts to kill, assaults to
kill, sui<id«'S, ac<'idental deaths, or justifiable homicidt'S. Justifiable
homicides (wchided from this classification are limited to the followinjr
t \ pes of cases: (1) The killin^r of a felon by a peace oflicer in line of
duty; (2) the killing of a holdup man b\ a private citi/en. (6) Man-
slaughter by neglij:enc«' includes any death which the police investipi-
tion establishes was primarily attributable to jrross nejjiipenro on the
part of some individual other than the victim.
2. Forcible rapt. Imludes forcible rape, a.ssault to rape, and al-
tem|)te(l rape. Does fiot include statutory offenses (no force used —
victim iimler a<re of consent).
17
'A. Rohhen/. I ncliidos stoaliiij; or lakiii;: iin\ thing of vnlm- from the
person hy fcdcc or violcnrc or by i)iittin(; in fear, surli as strong-arm
i<il)l)('i'\', sticknps, rol)l)cry iirmcd. IndiKlfs assault fo rob and at-
tfinpl to rob.
4. A(j(]ravat((i aftxanlt. — Includes assault with intent to kill; assault
by shootinfr. euttinjr, stabbinfr, mnimin<r. poisoninfr, sraldinfr. or bv
lIuMise of acids. Does not include simple assaidt, assault and l)atterv,
(i<;htin<r, etc.
5. linnjlary -breaking or entering. — Includes btM-<ii:larv, housebreak-
ing!:, safecracking, or any unlawful entry to commit a felony or a theft,
even though no force was used to gain entrance. Includes attempts.
Burglary followed by larceny is included in this classification and not
counted again as larceny.
6. Larceny — theft (except auto theft). — (a) Fifty dollars and over in
value; (6) under $50 in value — includes in one of the above subclassi-
fications, depending upon the value of the property stolen, thefts of
bicycles, automobile accessories, shoplifting, pocket picking, or any
stealing of property or article of value which is not taken by force
and violence or by fraud. Does not include embezzlement, "con"
games, forgery, worthless checks, etc.
7. A\ito theft.- — ^Includes all cases where a motor vehicle is stolen or
driven away and abandoned, including the so-called joy -riding thefts.
Does not include taking for temporary use when actually returned by
the taker, or unauthorized use })y those having lawful access to the
vehicle.
8. Other assaults. — Includes all assaults and attempted assaults
which arc not of an aggravated nature and which do not belong in
class 4.
9. Forgery and couj^terfeiting.— Includes oflenses dealing with the
making, altering, uttering, or possessing, with intent to defraud, any-
thing false which is made to appear true. Includes attempts.
10. Embezzlement and fraud. — Includes all offenses of fraudulent
conversion, embezzlement, and obtaining money or propert}' by false
})retenses.
11. Stolen property; buying, receiving, possessing. — Includes buying,
receiving, and possessing stolen propertj' as well as attempts to com-
mit any of those offenses.
12. Weapons; carrying, j^ossessing, etc. — ^Includcs all violations of
regulations or statutes controlling the carrying, using, possessing,
furnishing, and manufacturing of deadly weapons or silencers and all
attempts to violate such statutes or regidations.
13. Prostitution and commercialized rice. — Inchules se.x offenses of a
commercialized nature, or attempts to commit the same, such as
18
|H(i-.i ii III ion, l\('r|)iiiH; luiwtiv lii)ii>>r. procijiiii}.^, I niiisporlin;^', or d.--
I.'iiiiin;^ uoiiifii lor iiiiiuoiJil puiposr-^.
14. SfX offfiist.s (» sci jit liucih/f ra/H, junstiliitiiui ami cdiiiiih i citil-
iztil rirt).- I iicliitlt'S sliihiloiv iiipe, oH'i-iisrs ii^oiiiisl clmslily, coiii-
nioil »lcc('lir\ , moiiils, iilid lilt' like. Ilirllldr-^ il I I clll |)l s.
I,"), (tfft lists tuidiiist tilt Jtliinhi iihil ihiltht II . lliclildcs oH'cliscs of
iioiisiippoil , iM'f^It'cl, dcscilioii. or iil»ii-it' of fniiiily iind rliildrcii.
If). Xdirntlc i/i III/ III irs. I nrludo oUtiiM'-^ irlnl iii;^ to iinrcol ic (lrii<;s,
such lis unlawful possession, sjiU'. or use. Ivxcludfs Fcdriul od'cnscs.
17. l/i([iii>r Itiirs. With the cxccplion of "(h'Uid^cnncss" (class IS)
and "'driNini; while intoxicated" (class 22). licpior law violations,
Sijile or local, aie placed in this class. Hxcludes Kedeial violations.
15. Pruiikt iiiu ss. IiM'ludes all olfenses of drunkenness or into.xi-
calion.
\\). Ifisnn/tr/y ctuii/iirt.- inclndes all <liai}:es of coinniil I in;.; a
hreach of tlu' peace.
I'll. \'a(fnliin/. Includes such otleiises as \ a^al)onda^e, he^^in^,
loiieiinj:, etc.
21. (/(imh/lini. Includes oireiises (»f |)roinotin^. permit t int;, or
enira^iii^ in gainhlin^.
22. Ifrln'iKi ir/iile Intoj-icdfnl.- Incliules driving or o|)eratin^ any
motor vehicle w liile drunk or under (he inlliience of lupior <u- narcotics.
'2'A. \'ii>lnt 11)11 nf /(Hid a ml ilrir'niii hni's. Includes violations of ici^ii-
latiiMis with respt'ct to the pro[)er handrui*: «»f a motor vehicle to
prevent accidents.
24. I'dikiinj r'lnhif'iiiiis. Includes violations of pnrkiii^X ordinances.
2."). (ff/itr rin/atiinis of tniffir oiid inotur rtlnclt hiii's.- Includes viola-
I ion-, of Slate law s and municipal ordinances wit h repird l«> t raffic and
motor vehi<"les not otherwise pn)vided hu' in classes 22 24.
2t). .1// nth( r itjfeiists.- — Iiwliides idl violations «)f .State or locid laws
for which no provision has heen made ahove in classes 12').
27. Sit.sjtlriini.- This classification includes all peisons aiicsled as
suspicions eharaetei-s, hut not in connection with any sp«'ci(ic olFeiise,
who are released without formal chaitres l)ein<: plaee<| against (hem.
lirfntrl i II u imi
('lime rej)oiis were recei\cd Un !'.).').S from 4,(147 city j)olice depart-
ments^ 2,780 counties, I.") .Sinte |)olice ap-ncii'S whose HUthohtics
extend to criminal nuitters and which assum*' responsihilities for
specilic iej)ortin^ areas, and II (h'par(nn'n(s in 'reiril<»ries aiul otluT
reirions administered l)\ the Inited Slates. 'I'hese reporting (le|)art-
nienis represented '.»7.2 percent ttf the urhan population and '.)7.1
19
percent (»f the IUImI |)(»|)IiIii t ion of the I'liiled States. Xot nil of tliese
repoils could l)e used for the j)urposes of the ruiforin ( 'rinie Reporting^
[)i-o<;i}ini. eilliei- Ix-enuse a complete' set for tiie year was not received
or an exarninatir)n indicated that they had heeti incorrectly prepared.
Ap'iicies forw nrdint,' re|)()rts foi- the full year repieseiited S7.7 percent
of the j)o|)ul!ition.
f rrif'nni iini I'rtx't'sst's
('ontaci with conlrihuting agencies is maintained hy means of an
active correspondonco program. As the reports arc received at the
FBI, they are subjected to a variety of checks for accurac}' and
reasonableness. Efforts are made to evaluate the quality of the
reports from each agency on the basis of such considerations as other
reports received from the same agency, those received from other
agencies similar in size and location, as well as on the basis of infor-
mation received from collateral sources, such as public health agencies,
for example. To bring to light misunderstanding concerning the
manner of preparing the reports as well as to gather information
concerning the types of records from which the data are drawn,
questionnaires are sent out from time to time. As an indication of
the extent of followup, it might be stated that approximately 3,000
letters were directed to contributing agencies with reference to the
1958 n'ports.
Each class of the FBI National Academy since its inception in 193o
has received specialized instruction in the preparation of tiie infor-
mation for the Uniform Crime R(>ports. This subject has also been
l)i"esented in regioiud police schools throughout the country in which
representatives of the FBI have participated.
In special situations when ('Oi-r(»sj)ondence seems inadequate, a
re|)rese!itative of the Committee on I'niform Crime Records of tin*
liiteniat ioiud Association of Chiefs of Polic(> nuiy make a personal
visit to a local department for tlie purpose of being of assistance to
the local agency in the ]>reparation of its reports.
Beginning with 1958, the rape category, which heretofore included
also statutory rape cases, was limited to forcible offenses. While full
instructions with r(>gard to this change were distributed, it apjx'ared
that some agencies continued to iiichide statutory offenses in the
forcible rape class in 1958. In about \ ,'M)0 instaiu-es, it was found
that the rape figures for 1958 eqmdled or exceedeil those reported by
the agency in 1957 and in each such instance, a special letter re-
iterating insti-uctions on the change was sent specifically inquiring
whether the new procedures conceining this class of offense had ])een
followed for 1958. Tliis ])rought about a numl)er of corrections. All
20
ill till, ('\ t'lv fH'oii is Miiidi' l»» [)i(irii()lr iind iiiaiiit.'iiii liiirli slniidjiids
tor I he thihi ifccix (•(!. M(irrn\cr, I lie liLTurcs of iiii\ niri-iicv w liidi jirc
ol)\ioii>I\ iiicorifci JUT fxrliidnl from I lie siiiiiiiiiir\ hihlis.
Xolw il list Mild i 11^' 1 lit" viirifl V of cliccks I lint arc jipplicd mid liou ex ci-
ilioroiiirli till' \ crilical ion pioccsscs, it is ol»\ ions tlitil llic I'MiJ ciimiol
\oiicli l<»r I lif iicciiriiry of ilic crime icjiorls rcc('i\rd, no nmrr iluin
conld any nalioiial ^)v slalc a;i:('ncy cii'^a^'cd in a simiiai' nndcilakiiij;.
'riic Itasic rcsponsiliility fni* (lie accnracy of tlir reports rests with tlic^
local law enforcemeiil e\eciiti\<s from w lioiii and for whom I he data
arc collect ed.
I'ttfni hi lion
\ alid and nji-lo-date information on tin* mimiier of inhahitants in
the various states and snlxlivisions thereof is vital in <'onstiiiet iii>,'
maii_\' »if the tallies in this rej)oi-t. Such popiilalion (ijrures are used
in j)r«>rat ini; for unreported areas on tlie hasis of t he nunihei- of ci'lmes
reported in similar areas, 'i'hen too, j)oj)ulation fi^Mires afe needed in
calcniatiiiir erinu' rates, i.e. the numher of offenses per unit <if jxtpii-
lation. in this ease the numher per 100, ()()() iniiahitants.
In this report, special efTorts were nuule to utilize the best availahle
population data. The proeedufcs followed in selecting I)oj)ulation
liiTures \vere worked out in the conferences hetween the staff of the
FBI. ineiuheis of the Consultant Coniniittee on rniform Crime
Keportinj;. ami repicsentatives of the I'nited Slates Bureau of the
( 'eiisus.
Koj- the most jiait, the pojjulation (i^'urcs used j-ej)i-es<'iit li)o8
po|)ulation estimates since the last geiieial census of i)opulation was
taken in 10.')0. In no case were umidjusted population data, collected
oj- estimated prior to \9')7, used. The jxipulatioii liirures used in this
re()ort Were drawn frcmi the hdlowin^' souices and in the ordei" t)f
preference indi<-ated helow :
1. W'henevei' I'.S. Bureau of the Census data or estimates were
availahle thoe were used. This includes the piovisiomil State
estimates for .hily 1. 19")S. and special censuses taken for certain
specific areas.
2. I><)cnl population data and estimates prepared hy State and
city jfovernnnMilal ajrericies whereviT availahle were used next if
recommended hy the I'.S. Hurenu of the Census.
A. Population estimates compiled ]>y <*ommer(inl concerns for
'business and industry were <-ni)sulte(l for the remaining nreas,
and the averages of three such commercially «om|)iled estimates
Wen' used.
21
.'il2»MH*'
■}. riic f(>rr;,M)iii^' profidiiir prox idctl popnhil ion fipiros for
all coniitics and for all citits willi over 10.000 inliahitaiits in 1958
as w rll as for a ^rcal many snuillcr cities. For other small cities,
for which the ahove sources did not pro\ ide any population fipires,
the f()IIo\\inj; piocednre was resorted to: Ki^hly percent of the
popidation change in the cities inuler 10,000 during the decade
between 1940 and 1950 within <'ach State was cond)ined with the
1950 census population of each place in a simple linear extiap-
olation to estimate the 195S population for this rejK)rt.
It should he pointed out that this compilation of population fi{2:iires
for 1958 took ncconnl of such data as were available as of May 1,
1959.
A sumnuiry of the populations derived from oicli source is as
follows :
Soiirco
Populations
Percentage
Provisional estimate for United States, U.S. DuEcau of the Census
173. 2fln. 000
100 0
1. Special Censuses by T^.S. Bureau of the Census
18.073.000
73. .S8.5. 000
72. 104. 000
9. 498. 000
10 4
2. E.stiniates by State and city agencies '
42 5
3 A verapes of eoinniercially compiled estimates . ..
41 6
4. Kstimate by exfrajKjlation . .
5 5
• Actually this population source provided estimates by coimties totaling 115,000,000. The 73,.'iS,'i,(X10
shown here represents the population used after deducting the estimates for plao\s within counties derived
from sources 1, 3, and 4.
When the population data from the abovi' sources were added, the
total for the continental United States fell short, l)v two-tenths of 1
percent, of the July 1, 1958, provisional estimate of the T.S. Bureau
of the Census. In 40 individual States, the figures were within 3
percent of the Census Bureau estimates. In seven of the remaining
States, the difference did not exceed 5 percent and in one it was as
liigh as 11.8 percent. These differences are attributable in part to
differences in dates of reference. In all cases, the population figures
were adjusted so that the State totals would agree with the i)ro-
visional estimates of the U.S. Bureau of the Census.
irva Definitions
Tlie i)opuliilioii of llic United Sttites is generally divided into urban
(cities) and rural although with the 1950 CVnsus the Jiureaii of the
Census introduced the additional concept of standard metropolitan
areas.' ( 'onse(piently, the crime dalji in this r(>port are, when
approprijite, grouped according to (1) sttiiuhird metropolitan ar(>as, (2)
other cities (urban jjlaces outside staiulard metropolitan areas) and
(3) rural.
' AeeordiUK to a rrlriusc dated June R, lO.W, by the Bureau of the nudpet, such areas will be identified in
the future a.s standard metropolitan statistinil areas.
22
Sliiii«lar(i in«-| ropolitan :ir«-a> in lliis npnit nic lliu^c idciil ilii')|
1)\ llic I'rilcuil ( oiiiiiiil I I'c on St iindiiid Mrl i(»|)ii|il mm Arms.' The
Index (if (lime liiis Ix'eii roiiipilled f(H- these aiCHS t hroiij^hoiit the
(•(iiiiilry except ill New KmlHiiihI wheic the Iiuh'X of ("time is pre-
sciiled for met ropoht nil Sinte eeoiioime mens.' Brii'lly, a st)in<hii'd
metrop«»lil JIM area is u eoiiiily or <ri<Mip of coiilii^iioiis eoiinlies whieli
eoiilaiiis al least one eenlral eily of ")().()()() itduihil ants, if aeeordini;
to eeiiam criteria the coiinlii's and cities thus iiu linh-d are suHicieiilly
meliopoHtan in character. In New Kn^dand, however, cities and
towns are the nnils used in delinitiir staiichird melropohlan areas and
since the compihilion of crime and current |)opuhitioii thita for towns
picseiils practical ohsiacles, metropolitan Stale economic areas were
used in Ni'W Kn^land instead. in .\e\\ Kn<rland these consist of a
county or ^rouj) of counties wit hi n a Slate iti which half t he [)o|)uhilion
III I'.tIO was within a standai'd metropolitan area. Standard metro-
politan areas and metropolitan State economic areas comprise til
percent iA the l!t.")S estimated popiihitioti for the <()ntiiieiital I'nited
Slates in I hi> re|)orl .
OtluT c-i tit's, as the term is used in the Index of ( 'rime I a hula t ions
in this re|iorl. refers to urKan communities as delined in the lUoO
( "eiisus wlii«-li are situated outside any standard metropolitan area.
These are places with over 2,')00 inhabitants, most of I hem incor|)o-
rated. They comprise 1') j)ercenl of llie 19')8 estirnated po[)ulaiion
for t he count rv.
Hurul areas are the territory and population not included either in
the standaitl metropolitan areas or in "other cities." .Since the
standard metropolitan areas themselves include some population clas-
silied as rural, the term "other rural" mijrht even be ust'd for this
re|)ort. Kuial areas here include neither any place of 2,500 or more
inhahilants. nor any of the «lensely populated siihiirhan areas adjacent
to our lar*;e nietro|)olitan centers. In that sense the somewhat
rt'siricted nieanirijr attached to the term "rural" may actiiallv more
• losely re[)resenl what has l)een traditionally considered rural than
the term "rural" as used iti earlier rnifiuin ('rime Reports. Twenty-
four percent of t he population reside in rural areas as presently defined.
The division into the three major types of areas just desciihed is
u-.ed in the pait of this report dealing; with the Inde.x of Crime,
llowcvi-r. in tin* |)arts entitled "(leneral I'.S. Crime Statistics'" and
I'olice Km|)lo\ee Data. " informati<ui is presented for cities ^n>upe<l
hy si/e and location. The term "city" in these two |)arts denotes
an urhaii coniinunity with a reporting police fone servinjj: the pojnila-
' I' - Hiir. Ill ..f It., r, i,.ii~ nn.niii nnd Cilf Pata linnk, !«.*>« (« SlulUMnil .\fwlriirt Siiiipli-nii-iil).
'■ ~ nul<in25. !».r.. IWi". .K\M\>Hnndard Mrlrnpolilan XTfalhfinUinnt,
K\' iiifthc liinlKct, niiniooRn>|ih sditciiiciit, iliitt^d Jiuuiitry I.S, IU.S7.
mi' I -r .V iwsii.
23
(ion witliin the ii<liiiiiiisl rat ivc city limits. This j^roupinjx <»f tlic cilios
(Iocs not liikc into coiisidciutioii wlictlicr tlicy lie within a standard
metropolitan area or a metropolitan State economic area.
Till' ('.rinir Tttttils
('rime reports received at the FBI from cooperating' local law
enrorceinent a<;encies cover nearly the entire j)opiilation of the Nation
and this covera<;e continues to grow (see section on Ke|)orting Are:i
ahove). Xevert heless, there are some areas for which there are no
re[)orts. These ga|)s are filled in by an estimatin«^ procedure based
j:enerally on the extrapolation of the known crime experience of the
reported areas. In this report the use of crime estimates for the total
l)o|)idation was confined to the part dealing with the Index of Crime.
The following methodology was used:
As a general rule the figures supplied by a rejjorting agency were
not used in this rej)ort uidess the agency liad foi-warded a complete
<et of reports for the year. The oidy exception made was the following:
If a re|)orting agency sent in as many as nine monthly reports of
apparently good quality, and the population of the conununity served
by that agency comprised at least 25 percent of tiu' area for which
totals wa*re being tabulated, the offenses for the missing months were
estimated on the basis of those actually reported during the other
months of the year. Otherwise, the crime, figures for the year were
estimated on the basis of those actually reported by other agencies in
the same area.
For example, if City A, with a population of 2.5,000 situated in
a standard metropolitan area of 100,000, sent in reports for each
month of 1958 except for May, August, and December, the crimes for
those months were estimat(>d on the basis of those rej)orted by City A
during the other 9 months of 1958. On the other hand, if the popula-
tion of City A were only 24,000 (less than 25 percent of the SMA),
(ir if City A had only reported for 8 months, the crime figures for the
entire year for City A would be estimated on the basis of those actually
reported by other agencies in that standard metropolitan area.
Estimating crime totals for standard metropolitan areas or metro-
politan State economic areas, "other cit\" areas and ruial ar(>as was
accom|)lished by simple proration of the crim(>s for the reported ariMS
to th(> uiU('j)orted portions within the same overall area, thus obtaining
the estimated total for (he latter. Both the reported offenses and
estimated totals for each area are shown in the lai)ulations in sufficient
detail to enable those interested to determine the extent ami nu'thod
of estimating.
24
l*rin|- ((> this issue »>l llic I Iiitoiin ('rililr Kr|)<Hts. ihr old (I'.llO)
rciisiis (IcCmitioii of iiii iiilmii (•umiiiuiiily uiis followed wliich. willi
II few cxccplioiis. (Icsciil)c(l nil iiil)iiii (•oiiiiiiimil y as an iiicor|)oral(M|
place of ovei" 'J. .*)()() iiiluiMt aiils. \iiliially all siicli |)laees ucro
polriilin! colli l'il>llt iliu' illills |o the I 'iiifttilil ('lime lve|)or|s.
Beu'iimin^' with this re|)ort, howcNcr, the 1!)')() census delinii ion
of iirhan coiimiiiiiit ies is heiim followed. This includes Mniiicoi|)oral ed
MS well as iiicoipoialed places with over 2.."»(l() iiihahit aiils. A few
of the iinincoipoialed |)laccs arc unils <-onl rihni in^ to the rnifonn
( 'liinc Iveports. There arc 2'.1!> such iinincor|)orated places (total
population 1 , sot). ()()()), scallcicd ahoiit the coiiiitiy fr<tni wliich no
rc|)orts arc received. A study has shown that virtually all of these
are |)oliced by county law cnforcenieiit agencies. .\ppropriale
est i mates of crimes in each such place wci-e made with a corresponding
deduction from the crime li;riircs re|)orted for the rcs|)ectivc county.
In some States, rural ciime report iiiL' is handled in varyin*; dcirrees
hy the State |)olice. Inlcss the State [)olice rep(»ited separalcl\' l)y
county, its (i;^ures wci'e prorated accoidinir to population to su[)ply
county crime data needed for the rural portions of a standard
met ro|>olitan ai'ca.
In tal)le 4. showin<r the Index of Ciiine 1)\' State foi' l'.<')7 and 1!>5.S,
the same population hase as outlined under /*i>/)u/(ili(ni above was
used in proratinir l!i')7 re|)orte(l crimes to unre[)orted areas. It was
not considered feasible to establish li)')7 |)opulation estimates for in-
dividual j)laces for proration puii)oses. In this connection, it may be
njtseived that in many instances the individual population estimates
used were as of .lanuarv 1, IDoS, and thus were ecpially applicable to
n».')7. For 1!>')7 State <-rinK' rates the July 1, 19.")7, estimates for each
^late prepared by the U.S. Bureau of the Census wen* used.
Crlinr Trrnds
l*nd)ably more people are interested in crime trends than in any
other plia.se of crime statistics, and consecpicntly substantial space in
this H'port is devoted to various aspects of tliis subject.
Broad general (piestions as to whether crime is increasin*: or de-
I reasin«;in the country as a whole or in the various geojrrapliic <li visions
and States can best be answered by referrin*; to the tables dealing with
the Inde.x of ("rime. See also the discussion al>t)ve under "The ('rime
Totals."
In the part "General US. ('rime Statistics." trend information is
presented for city p()U|)s in terms of absolute numln'i^s only, since the
task of nuikinjr population estimates for each reporlinj; unit for the
25
l)rior Ncnrs in order to calculate rates was not possi])le with the re-
sources avaihiblo. The noeessarv population data has ])een estab-
lished for 10')S, and as the Uniform (Jrinie Reports are published in
futint' years under the revised |)lan, it will be possible to g;\vc crime
trends for cities based upon rates.
It will l)e observed that the crime trend information for cities in the
part of this report entitled "General U.S. Crime Statistics" is not
limited to the ofTenses comprised in the Index of Crime. Such tabula-
tions as these are of primary interest to police executives and it was
felt that, since the additional information was available, it should be
included. Thus, the crimes of manslaughter by negligence and
larceny under $50 appear in these tabulations.
All city crime trend information is based on the reports of cities
which reported for each of the respective years. Whenever the re-
ports of an agency or correspondence with the executive of a depart-
ment reflected that a change in reporting procedure had taken place
(luring a period to be covered by a trend tabulation, the figures for
that community were elimhiated entirely from such a tabulation.
For example, whenever a city's report on the age, sex and race of
arrested persons showed as much as a 20 percent change in arrests of
persons under 18 years of age from 1957 to 1958, a letter was directed
to the reporting department inquiring as to what, if any, change in
local practices or procedures took place during the period which might
make the comparison of the figures for the 2 j'cars invalid. Incident-
ally, this procedure eliminated some 20 cities from the tabulations of
the trends in juvenile arrests 1957-58.
One tabulation (table 6) in this report compares the crimes reported
by 2,703 city police agencies during 1958 with the average of the crimes
rej)orte(l by those same agencies during 1953-57. As the revised pro-
cedures of Uniform Crime Reports are developed over the years ahead,
it is planned to extend the comparisons of 1 year's figures wTtli the
average for several prior years to the presentation of tlie "Index of
CriiiKv"
26
Tlic Index ol (irinio, 1 93o
In tliis part of tlic Krport, ns (lie title iiiiplirs, tlic inrotiiuit inn
|»lt'Srlitc(l with IciTJird to ji Ifhit i \ rl y sriinll triniil) of oHV rises is siippuseij
I o he indicill i\ e of the ext eiil , ral e^ iiihI I len<ls of cil niliiiilit y in <i^eiier)il
in this eonntry. 'riii- oll'enses selected for this |)iil|)ose me: Minder-
iind nonne^liirent in(irisj}iiiuditer\ foreihle rnpe, r(d)hei\-, in^^zi'JiN uled
Mssjinlt, Iniiirhiiy hreiikiiiL: or- enterinjr. hir-eeiiy o\er- S."»() niid jiiito
theft.
These o Iff uses ille icporl ed ii< I he\ heeorne known I o the |)olice. ;ind
it ishelicNcd tliiit }i re|jili\ely hiLdi iirid r-ehit i\el\- consistent niiniher-of
them hecomes so known. (ieriei-iill\ s|)eid<ilif; these olfenses afe seri-
ous in natni-e. 'riieir- delinitions do not \)\vy too much ffoin one
jurisdiction to nnolhei- hut pr-eseiit in this respect n fnirly hijzh deiri-ee
of iinifoi-niit \-.
It should i)e kept in mind thni in conlinst to the e.-irlier- |)i-iiclice,
neirliirt'iit iniinshiu^htei-, stiilutor-\ r-jipe and laiceiiy irndef s.")(). which
wei-e included in the so-called Part I olfenses fortiierly used for the
|)ur-poses of ji ci-ime index, now are no Ioniser- included in the index of
Clime tai)ulai ion.
27
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g§ =2 5E?g".
• I~- »sc^
2s;
= •5
XT. I- 31 • O
>C •« rt Ta» :
5 -.- -3 -5
< c
it ,
ts
: o =: 5
. - = a
:'- E
T £
U
^•2
2gf ?3'?f 2i:g-
§3 3i ?gs;
ill S
3 '"'' S' ~ * "^
fep
S = i 5
Sis' "-^ ""^'k'
00 — ■ w"»V
oe o f- e? ••■ » o« t>-
§co 00 ^ cc n A
^— 3-" o>— 'wxi
_ J>j — — — _o
r^"~l~"i""i
s a 5 c"
If
52
\M
S**-. "5-3
|g|C?f if
•o *
X O K
^=^£"=^5-
63
Table 'i.— Index of Crime by Oeographic
[Populiktion fljcuras shown in thi.s table are those puhlisho'l by the t'.S. Tlureati of the feasu-S,
Area
Year
I'opiilation
Total olTeases
Murder and
nonncclipent
manslauRhter
Forcible rape
Number
Rate per
100,000
1
Num-
ber
Rate per
100.000
Num-
ber
Rate per
100.000
Continental United
States '
1987
ies8
1957
1958
170, 293, 000
173, 260. 000
1,422.285
1. 553. 922
+9 3
835 2
896 9
+7.4
8.027
8,182
+ 1.9
4.7
4.7
113.886
> 14. 561
+ 18.0
7 6
Percent change . . .
8.4
+10.5
New Kn^lanil
9, 8.36, 000
9.961.000
6.3, 8.58
70.364
+ 10.2
«49.2
706.4
+8.8
140
145
+3.6
1.4
1.5
+7.1
(«)
(»)
Percent rhange
1957
19.58
1957
19.58
19.57
19.58
19,57
1958
1957
19.58
19.57
1958
19,57
19,58
Connect ictit . ..
2, 269. 000
2. 316, (MK)
93'.», (KMI
9.52, (KHl
4, 827, (MMI
4, 862. (MMI
.573. (MMI
.5M. (MMI
8.57. (KK)
87.5. (MMI
370. (KK)
372, 000
32, 776, OOO
,33. 080, 000
14.0.52
1.5.073
3. 9.30
4.421
34. 920
37. 4H4
2. CK12
2. 370
7. .565
9.317
1.389
1.699
2.50. 889
270. 625
+7.9
619.3
6,50.8
418.5
464.6
723.4
771.0
349.4
40.5. 5
882.7
1,064.7
37.5. 4
456.2
765. 5
818.1
+6.9
38
30
16
24
62
69
4
4
10
6
10
12
794
875
+ 10.2
1.7
1.3
1.7
2.5
1.3
1.4
. 7
L2
.7
2.7
3.2
2.4
2.6
+8.3
(')
(')
(')
(')
<')
(')
(»)
(')
(»)
(')
(')
Maim-
Ma.s-sachu.setts
New Hampshire.-.
Rhode liiland.. . .
Vermont
Mi'ldle .\tlantic
Percent change
19,57
1958
1957
19.58
1957
1958
19.57
19.58
New Jersey
5.617,000
5. 749, 000
16, 148,000
16, 229, 0(K)
11,011,000
11.101.000
34, 979, 000
3.5,618.000
43. 0(K)
46. 864
141. 166
151.921
66, 723
71.840
252. 029
277. 993
+ 10.3
765.5
815.1
874.2
936. 1
606.0
&»7. 1
720.5
780.5
+8.3
131
132
400
461
263
282
1,211
1,106
-8.7
2.3
2.3
2.5
2.8
2.4
2.5
3.5
3.1
-11.4
(»)
(»)
(')
(»)
(»)
(')
(')
(')
New York .
Pennsvlvania. . .
Kftst North Tentrul
Percent change
1957
1958
1957
1958
1957
19,58
1957
19.58
1957
1958
1957
1958
Illinois
9, 699, 000
9, 889, 000
4, 507, 0(M)
4, .581. (MMI
7, 70.5, (MMI
7, 866, (MMI
9.206. (M 10
9. 34.5, (MMI
3, 861, (MMI
3. 9.38, mo
15,214.000
1,5,391.000
68.2.59
76. .■{02
34. 218
3(>. 710
73,914
H1,6S7
,59, 351
6.5, 368
16,287
17,926
91,0.33
99.397
+9.2
703. 8
771.6
759.2
801.4
9.59. 3
1,038.5
644.7
699. 5
421.8
455.3
508.4
645.8
+7.9
419
398
169
134
247
246
332
290
44
38
383
406
+6.0
4.3
4.0
3.7
2.9
3.2
3.1
3.6
3.1
1.1
1.0
2.5
2.6
+4.0
(»)
o
(»)
(»)
8
O
(»)
o
(')
o
(»)
Indiana
Michigan
Ohio
Wisconsin
West North Central
1957
1958
19.57
19,58
19.57
19.58
1957
19.58
1957
1958
1957
19,58
1957
19.58
2, 783, (MMI
2, 822. (MMI
2, KKI. (MMI
2, 116. (MMI
3, 3lN. (Kid
3, 37.5, (MM)
4, 2:18. (KKI
4. 271, (KM)
1,437, (MM)
I, 457, (KKI
64.5, (KK>
6.50, (HKI
693, (XKI
rm. 000
11.721
12. .3.38
12.9.58
1 2, 803
17,0.56
I'.t, 799
3.S, 491
42, 6.51
,5,616
6, 266
2, 075
2,114
.3.116
3. rSi
421.2
437. 2
617.0
60.5. 1
514.0
.586.7
908.2
9<t8. 6
390.8
429. 9
321. 7
325. 1
449.6
489.6
20
43
68
56
52
31
210
215
25
46
8
4
10
11
l!5
2.8
2.6
1.6
.9
5.0
,5.0
1.7
3.2
1.2
.6
1.4
1.6
o
o
(»)
(•)
(»)
(')
(')
(')
(»)
(')
(»)
(»)
(')
«
Minnesota.
...
Mis-sourl
-
Nebraska
North Dakota
.•^i-c footnotes at end of tabh
(it
/>(' iiN/'ofis 1111)1 >f»i/<->. I'>.'>7-'>H
yiTli's r-'.'.'i, .Ni'. ivt. (lattMl Ndv. I.f, ly.'iN. .Ml I1i.'>k rlll^^s ciilciilnip)! prior lo iM>|iiiljiiion nuitKliriKl
Kol.»Mry
.\Ki:nivntt><l H.tsaul(
Hurt
lary
l.nrc«'My
over $.'i<)
.\illo
th.ft
Nuinbor
Rate i>or
KuinlHT
Rale por
Number
Rate per
Number
Rate Iter
Number
Kale per
100,000
100.000
100,000
100,000
100,000
66. 843
38. S
110.079
65.0
003,707
854.5
S54.972
208.4
265. 178
155.7
:J.S47
43.5
113.530
65.5
679. 787
398.4
391. 550
226.0
270. 965
156.4
+ U,7
+ 10.7
15.0
+8.6
1.600
+.8
+ 18.6
+ 10.7
+10.8
+8.4
+2.2
+.4
1.473
16.3
27.181
270.3
16, 874
171.6
10, .590
108.7
1,671
16.8
1.618
16.2
31.641
317.0
18.175
182.5
17.114
171.8
+ 13.4
+ 12.0
+ 1.1
-.6
+ 16.4
+ 14.0
+7.7
+0.4
+3.2
+ 1.8
mi
12.8
.VM
24.4
n. .551
288.7
3,937
173.5
2,681
118.2
310
13 6
,V)7
21.9
7. 669
331.1
4,019
173.5
2, .532
109.3
67
7.1
82
8.7
1.544
164.4
1,100
118.1
1,112
118.4
08
10.3
102
10.7
2.063
210.8
1,226
128.8
908
95.4
(MO
19.7
753
I.S.6
13. .504
281.6
8.790
182.1
10, 771
•22:{. 1
1.037
21.3
775
1.5.9
15.408
318.8
9.091
187.0
11.014
226.5
25
4.4
19
:i.3
1. 125
196.3
517
90.2
312
.54.5
34
4 1
32
5.5
I..J57
232.2
563
96.3
390
06.7
120
14.0
lUO
22. 2
.3. .564
415.9
2.211
258.0
1,470
171.5
IK7
21 4
197
22. 5
4.074
465.6
2.906
332.1
1,947
222. 5
20
5.4
2
.5
S<)3
217.0
310
83.8
244
65.9
V
2.4
5
1.3
»80
263.2
370
99.4
sa
86.7
ii.r.i6
35.4
19. 170
58.5
100.073
:«)5. 3
7t), 335
232.9
42.901
1.30.0
13.549
41.0
19,985
60.4
105. 735
319.6
84.332
254.9
46. 140
139.5
+ 16.6
+ 15.8
+4.3
+3.2
+5.7
+4.7
+ 10.5
+9.4
+7.6
+6.6
1.933
34.4
2.644
47.1
19.418
345.7
9,794
174.4
9,081
161.7
2.100
37.6
2.727
47.4
21.782
378. 9
10,803
187.9
9.260
161.1
.\S00
34.6
11. 6,58
72.2
49.940
309.3
.V>, 129
322.8
21.449
1.32.8
7,007
43.2
12.066
74.3
50.389
310.5
.57.666
355.3
24, ;«2
149.9
4.004
37.2
4.808
44.2
30.715
278. 9
14,412
130.9
12,371
112.4
4.382
39.5
5,102
46.8
33, .VA
:«)2.3
15,863
142.9
12.557
113.1
17.M)6
50.9
15.796
4.5.2
108.196
.109.3
61, 244
175.1
47, 776
136.6
ID. MA
MO
16,275
4.5.7
126,813
3.16.0
67, 634
189.0
46.220
129.8
+ 12.0
+ 10.0
+3.0
+ 1.1
+ 17.2
+ 15.1
+ 10.4
+8.5
-3.3
-5.0
>. 191
84.5
5.178
53.4
27,454
283.1
17.224
177.6
9,793
101.0
.<.2«3
93.7
5.322
53.8
31,822
321.8
19.057
192.7
10.440
10.5. 6
1,3W
30.1
1,322
29.3
15.410
341.9
8.737
193.9
7,222
160.2
1,M0
34.7
1,319
28.8
17,901
390.8
9,292
202.8
6,474
141.3
4.287
55.6
.5,979
77.6
32,294
419.1
1.5. 96.5
207. 2
15. 142
196.5
4.733
60.2
6.078
77.3
39, 578
503.2
17,263
219. 5
13,789
17.5.3
3,073
39.9
2.900
31.6
28,167
284.2
14.0.57
1.52.7
12,213
132. 7
4,021
43.0
3,034
32.5
29,477
315.4
16,382
175.3
12,164
I.'IO. 2
297
7. 7
408
10.6
6,871
178.0
5.261
136. 3
3.406
88.2
338
sio
522
13.3
8.035
204.1
5.640
143.2
3,353
85.2
4,002
30.8
4,263
28.0
42. 242
277.7
22,578
148.4
16, 875
110.9
4.000
32.4
4.481
29.1
47,360
307.7
2.5. 122
163.2
17,038
110.7
+6.4
+5.2
+5.1
+3.9
+ 12.1
+ 10.8
+ 11.3
+ 10.0
+ 1.0
-.2
263
9.1
167
6.0
6,119
219.9
3.486
125.3
1,670
60.2
2ft4
9.4
184
6.5
6,137
217.5
3,054
140.1
1,756
62.2
511
24.3
622
29.0
6,843
325.9
3,227
153.7
1,697
80.8
407
23.5
576
27.2
6.588
311.4
3,343
158.0
1.743
82.4
82S
19.0
103
4.9
8.148
24.5.6
4,756
143.3
3.308
99.7
700
21.0
211
0.3
9.649
285.9
.5,501
105.7
3,608
100.9
2.968
70.0
2.939
09.3
16,282
:i84.2
8.260
194.9
7,832
184.8
3,093
72.4
3.130
73.4
19, 452
45.5. 4
9,278
217.2
7.480
175.1
160
11.0
211
14.7
2.501
174.0
1.225
85.2
1,488
103.5
278
19.1
208
14.3
2.912
199.8
1,317
90.4
1,505
103.3
54
8.4
40
7.1
901
1.53.6
514
79.7
462
71.0
S»
8.0
30
0.0
1.080
167.0
480
73.8
447
68.7
111
16.0
115
10.0
1.358
190.0
1,110
160.2
412
.50.5
91
13.0
127
18.3
1.530
219.7
1,150
105.8
499
71.4
65
Table
t. — Index of Crime by Geographic
Area
Year
Population
ToUl olTcnscs
M urdcr and
nonnegllgent
manslaughter
Forcible rape
Number
Kate jMT
100.000
Num-
ber
Kate |)cr
100,000
Num-
ber
Rate per
100.000
.'^oulh .\tlantlc '
Percent change...
I9.'>7
19.M
1957
19,58
1957
19.58
19.57
19.58
19.57
19.58
19.57
19,58
1957
19.58
1957
19,58
1957
1958
1957
1958
24.761,000
25, 3,52, 000
203, 4♦^
222, .503
+9.4
821.7
877.7
+6.8
2.257
2,420
+7.2
9.1
9.5
+4.4
(»)
(')
Delaware
4.34. 000
4.M. 000
4, ZfC.l.CKK)
4. 442. 000
3, 771. (KM)
3. 81H,0(K)
2, 895. 000
2. 9,V,, 0(H)
4. 172, (H)0
4. .M!), (KH)
'J. :',liH, (KK)
L', lOt.lHHI
:•(, KliN. (MK)
3] 93.5, (MM)
1, !)(►(. (HH)
].<((1!I.(MH)
11,81.5,000
11,947. (MM)
2,8.54
3. 681
.54. 971
60, 6.5.3
29,642
32, 062
24, 733
27, 285
27, 103
29,7.56
1,5,431
17,901
31,400
32, 079
7, 065
8,447
71,866
77. 714
+8.1
657.6
810.7
l.:«)6.0
1,36.5.4
786. 1
K39. 8
8.M. 3
922. 9
606. 1
6.51. 1
(i51. 6
744.6
820.3
81.5.2
359. 9
429.1
608.3
(i50. 5
+6.9
27
14
613
524
478
.527
141
161
439
428
211
251
278
340
92
95
1,175
1,019
-13.3
6.2
3.1
12.2
11.8
12.7
13.8
4.9
5.4
9.8
9.4
8.9
10.4
7.3
8.6
4.7
4.8
9.9
8.6
-14.1
(»)
(•)
(')
(»)
(')
(»)
(')
(')
(>)
(»)
(»)
(»)
(')
(»)
(»)
(')
{»)
(»)
Florida
Maryland
NOrlli ("arolina
South Carolina
Virfiinia
West Virtiinia
East South Central ..
:::::::
Percent chanRC...
1957
1958
19.57
1958
19.57
1958
1957
1958
1957
1958
Alabama
3, 162, (MX)
3, 211, (KM)
3, (ll.'i.lKX)
3, OHO. (KHI
2, ll><), (MM)
2, 186. (MM)
3. 443. (MM)
3. 469, (MX)
16, 277, (XX)
16, 539, (XX)
18,368
22,1,50
20, 444
21,118
7, 403
7, 2;i6
2.5,651
27, 210
139,(i22
151,736
+8.7
580.9
689.7
671. 8
685. 6
341.8
331.0
74.5. 0
784.3
857. 8
917. 5
+7.0
401
417
217
1(55
241
144
316
293
1.239
1,336
+7.8
12.7
13.0
7.1
6.4
11.1
6.6
9.2
8.4
7.6
8.1
+6.6
{»)
(»)
(>)
(»)
(»)
(')
(»)
(')
(»)
(')
Kentucky
Mississippi
Tennessee
West South Central..
Percent change.. -
1957
19,58
1957
1958
1957
1958
1957
1958
1957
1958
1,780,0(X)
1.766, (MMJ
:i, (HiC. (KH)
:\. iin. (H)()
2, 2.'7.(HIII
2, 2k.',, (KM)
'.», 17.'.. 000
9, 377. (MM)
6. 2XX, (MM)
6, 49^1, 000
9, 242
11,0,58
2I,!)49
24, 2;«
2(1.791
■JO. '.t95
S7.tl4()
9.5, 450
61, 3,50
73,345
+ 14.0
519.2
626.1
715.9
779. 1
921.2
918.8
95,5. 2
1,017.9
1.023.4
1, 129. 4
+ 10.4
171
166
207
183
129
150
732
837
232
259
+ 11.6
9.6
9.4
6.8
5.9
,5.7
6.6
8.0
8.9
3.7
4.0
+8.1
(»)
(')
(')
(?)
(')
(')
(')
(')
(')
(')
Louisiana
Oklahoma .
Texas
Mountain .
--
Percent change
19,57
19,58
19,37
19,58
1957
19,58
19,57
19.58
1957
1958
1957
1958
19,57
19,58
19.57
19,58
1957
19,58
Arizona
1,078,(XM)
1, 140, (MM)
l,lirKi,(MM)
1,711. (MM)
t')l.'., 000
6'i2. (H«»
671. (100
C.XS, (KM)
2ii2, (KIO
267, (KK)
8i:i.(KHi
SI2. (KMI
SKI. (KM)
S),.'i. (KKI
:il7,(KKl
3L'().(MM)
18. 347, (MM)
18, 879, (MM)
14,518
19,320
17,907
20, 408
3, 682
4, 403
4,877
,5, 281
1, VA
4.269
9. 165
9.916
6. 724
7, (M)3
3,013
2, 745
272, 288
295, 68-1
+8.6
1.34(>.8
l.(i94. 1
1.076.8
1. 193. 1
570. 9
(i64. 8
72(i. 8
7()7. 9
1.703.8
1, 599. 8
1,127.3
1, 177. 9
8tM). 5
810.0
9,50. 5
858.0
1,48-1.1
1, .5()(i. 2
+5.5
75
75
41
70
11
16
20
17
24
2t)
40
36
6
10
15
9
596
616
+3.4
7.0
6.6
2.5
4.1
1.7
2.4
3.0
2.5
9.2
9.7
4.9
4.3
. 7
1.2
4.7
2.8
3.2
3.3
+3.1
(»)
(>)
(')
(')
(')
0)
(')
(')
(')
(')
(»)
(')
(')
(»)
(»)
{')
(»)
(')
Colorado
Idnlin
Montana
New Mexico
Itah
Wvoming
Pacinc
IVrcent change
1957
19,58
I9,>7
19,''.8
19,57
10,58
California
Oregon..
13, 879, (MM)
14, .3.37. (MM)
1.7I3.(KNI
1.773. (KH)
2, 72,5, (MM)
2, 769, (MM)
2.32, 517
25|.6(IS
13, (I2;i
13. S'.ll
26, 748
27, 185
1.675.3
1,775.9
747. 2
783.3
981.6
981.7 1
489
46
43
61
42
3.5
3.7
2.6
2.4
2.2
1.5
(»)
(')
(»)
(')
(»)
(«)
Wa.shington
—
I Includes the District of Columbia.
J Hc'^-iiuiiui: in 19,58 the rape calouorv was liiiiittMl (n forcible olTeiises. Prior to 19,58 statutur.v
also iiicludi'il. 'I'ho best availnhli' indication of I he chance in forcible nipes fioin ly.'w lo 19.5S
percent rise sliown for cities. See table 5iind pertinent footnote. rhi.>i percentai-'e cliaiiue u.>-('d lie
for c^linxitiiiK total 1957 forcible rapes.
GO
cjises were
is the 13.0
re (table 4)
>iiisM>/i> <ifi</ >nj/«v. I'K'>7-'>H — ( oeiliim««l
KDl.lK^ry
.\».'Kni\ III
«•.! icsmilt
HurRlary
I.iii(Tn>
over $50
.\uto thtft
\ iuhUt
Kale |M>r
Number
Rate |ier
Nuiiibor
Unte |M>r
Number
Hate |HT
Nuinbor
Rate per
100,000
lai.lKiU
100,000
100,000
100,000
7.H52
.11.7
30,248
122.2
84.356
340.7
44.732
180.7
34,019
137. 4
H. 770
:«4. fl
.■«), 175
110.0
07, 564
384.8
48. 357
100.7
3.1,217
KiK.lt
+ II.7
+u. 1
-.2
-2.6
+ 1.1.7
+12.9
+8.1
+.1. 5
+3. 5
+ 1.1
110
25. 3
03
21.4
I.4K5
342.2
610
142.6
520
110.8
112
24.7
83
18.3
1,071
434. 1
801
176.4
700
1.14.2
iiM
.11.0
l.M.I
ll.Vl
2.1,013
•11.1. 7
13. .V)3
3^20. 8
8.013
190. 4
:t. (I.M'
<i8. 7
.'.. t).'^i
113.8
•21t, 026
673. 7
14,3H5
3^2:». 8
7,710
173.11
I.IS)-.'
:<l.i»
1. I7il
110.7
I-2. .Kll
331.5
6, 28.3
ItUI. 6
.1. UI2
1.32.6
1. 122
29.4
3.so;i
00. ft
14,322
37.1. 1
6, .176
17^2.2
.1.712
140.11
l.lM
a7.4
■.',014
100.7
8. •260
•285. 3
.1.483
180.4
fi,h51
•ai). 11
1,071
36.2
•2. 877
07.3
0, 572
323.8
6, 732
227.7
6, N72
2:<2.4
tiWU
1.1.6
8, 140
182.2
10. •2>v{
•2-20. 0
4, 343
07. 1
3. 100
71.3
NIO
17.8
N .174
188.5
11,8.12
•2»I0. 5
4.786
10.1. 2
3, -Mm
72.7
375
1.1.8
2. 437
102.0
n. 742
2M.7
3,814
161. 1
1,S.V2
78.2
•IIW
Ifi. 8
2, Itil
SUO
8,.V1H
3,'>6. 0
4,'2&1
178.5
2. 2:15
93.0
1. I«!7
30. .1
4. 3-28
113.1
12.807
Mi. «
7,251
180.4
5, .1frt»
145.5
1. 17.1
20.0
4. 4-22
112.4
13. 425
341.2
7. .107
100.8
.1.210
132. 4
2lt2
14.0
.170
20.5
3. 201
1(57.7
1..1H3
80.6
1.2^28
62. ti
31W
1.1.5
644
32.7
4. -268
216.8
1,580
80.7
l..Mfi
78. 5
2,787
•23. n
7,080
67.6
31.72.1
•2f>8. 5
1.1,046
127. 3
13. 147
111.3
1068
24.8
7,947
66.5
36,841
:i08. 4
16,351
136.9
12. .188
10.1. 4
+6.5
+ 5.1
-.5
-1.6
+ 10.1
+ 14.0
+8.7
+7.5
-4.3
-5.3
.184
18.5
2. 074
04.1
7.370
233. 4
4. .147
143.8
2.4h:j
78.5
817
2.1. 4
3. 3.V1
104.5
0, .180
■MK 3
5. 373
167.3
2. (i^lS
81.2
SH»
20.2
1.410
46.6
8. 577
•281.0
4.330
14^2. 3
.1.012
164.7
«34
31) 3
1.307
42.4
0. 275
:<oi.i
4.738
1.13.8
4. f.iw
1.12.6
:«h2
17. r.
1. 1 »■>»•)
.13.8
3. 3.18
1.V).0
1.375
r<i. 5
881
•10.7
Mta
14.1
i.-2;<i
.16.3
3. .138
161.0
1.310
.10. 9
7<M
32. 2
V3-2
27. 1
2.427
70. 5
1-2. 411
3f.O. 5
4.704
139.2
4.771
138.6
\*)S
26.2
2. 054
50.2
14.448
416.5
4.030
142.1
4, 577
131.0
i. \.V1
20.8
13. 701
84.2
W, (Kiy
387.1
30.284
186.1
2f.. .134
163.0
.*>.w^
3.1.7
1.3.206
70.8
71,35!l
431.5
32. 080
100.5
26. 042
162.0
+21.6
+ 10.8
-3.6
-.1.2
+ 13.3
+ 11.5
+8.0
+7.2
+ 1.5
-.1
42y
24.1
1,154
64.8
4.337
243.7
2.116
118.9
1.035
.18.1
:j<2
33.0
1.080
61.7
5. .108
311.8
2. .101
141.6
1.212
68.6
tmi
.•C.3
2.034
G6.3
7.463
243. 4
4.008
163.0
6. 257
2IM. 1
i.4w;
48.1
1.842
69.2
8.808
•28»>. 1
.1. mi
18^2. 1
6. 1.10
107.7
748
,H3, 1
I.O02
48.4
0..187
424. 8
.1. 824
2.18. 0
3.411
151.1
»»45
•28.2
SDK
3.1.4
0.668
423.1
6, 4t-«
•283.0
3. 2.16
142..1
2.«8«
■M. 3
!'. 421
102.7
41.r.22
4.i:j. 6
17.346
180.1
1.1.831
172..1
3,181
33.0
1'. 467
101.0
47. •28.1
.104.3
18. .3.16
10.1.8
16.324
174.1
2.705
43.0
2. .185
41.1
27. 142
431.6
17.410
276.9
14. 276
•227.0
3.3.10
.11. 7
3,037
46.8
30.620
471.5
10.8.13
30.1.7
16.217
240.7
+24.2
+20.2
+ 17.5
+ 13.0
+ 12.8
+0.2
+ 14.0
+ 10.4
+ 13.6
+ 10.0
516
47.9
1.018
04.4
.1.832
.141.0
3.601
342.4
3.386
314. 1
758
)W. 5
1.302
114.2
7. «^2<l
W<k. 2
4.616
4IM.8
4.040
434. 0
1.0A3
63.0
.123
31.4
8,146
480.8
4.367
•2f.2. 6
3. 767
2-26. .1
1.352
70.0
620
36.8
0,160
.135. 5
.1.001
•207.6
4. loti
240.0
75
11.6
61
0.5
1.725
267. 4
1.243
102.7
.H<7
87. 0
123
18 •;
1.12
•23.0
•2.044
:i08. 6
1.425
21.1.2
••►43
07.1
133
10.8
124
18.5
l.OM
•205. 2
1.510
225. 0
I. l(K.t
16.1.3
148
21. 1
111
If.. 1
2. 3«.2
343. 5
1.683
244.7
U)'iO
130. f.
205
78.2
104
74.0
"2. r2o
800.2
1.086
414.5
835
318.7
240
03.3
00
37.1
2,031
761.1
1.084
406.2
780
202.3
236
20.0
381
46.0
3. 1.18
388.4
•2.517
3O0. 6
2.833
348.5
3.10
41.0
461
.14.8
3,430
407. 5
2.631
312.5
3. IN)8
3.17.3
287
34.2
184
21.0
3.175
378. 0
1.8G8
2^22.4
1.204
143.3
206
23.8
100
23.0
.3.030
351.5
2.230
2.17. 0
1.310
1.12.6
100
.10.0
100
31.5
1,005
317.0
1.128
3.1.1.8
575
181.4
173
54.1
84
26.3
034
201.0
1.003
341.6
4.12
141.3
I3.ai7
71.2
1.1.323
83.5
110.783
6.12.0
70. 46«
384.1
.13. 060
280.2
14.101
7.1.2
HV8IW
80.0
131.854
6W. 4
:\ 737
417.1
53.480
•283.3
-»-'< 7
+5.6
+0.7
+6.6
+ 10.1
+7.0
+ 11.7
+ 8.0
+ .8
-2.0
■ ...
83.8
14.6.M
105.6
101,643
732.4
.18.746
423.3
4A.3&5
326.8
. ■ »'
88.5
16. 140
112.6
112.611
785.5
66.208
462.4
46.338
323.2
,\.'.S
30.1
304
17.4
.V85I
335.7
4. 0.17
232.8
2.240
128.5
.133
.10.1
270
15.7
A. 438
363.0
4.408
•253.6
2.100
118.4
•*r;
:w 1
:«v.
n 4
!? TW
4.1! n
:. <"/v,
2st :i
.'.. ir..-,
200. 6
>r Kt^ufirrtitbtc tltt t.-<t«iu.
iiidiviiliiiil
General United States Crime Statistics
'I'liis pal I of the Report presents general infornuition on llic oxtent
of criniinality and some crime trends in the Ignited States as reported
1)V the poHc(> agencies which cooperate with the Uniform Crime Re-
porting program. As stated elsewhere in this report, a sustained
effort is being made to develop the coverage and make it as complete
as possible, so that the total "crime picture" of the United States will
be rcllected. In using the data contained in this part, it should be
k('])l in mind that the type of information reported and the kind of
tabulations made are determined to a large extent by the needs and
interests of the police administration.
68
SI"''
g-« uja, jeg« gp« ttg»
*i««o c-«*« otC-rt SB — — Sl-v
=■=■+ -if^ ^55' 2J2-
si: I
2$- 2a« r?s* ss=: ag<=
gi"*" s's"*" s*"*" ^'+ f^'^"^
SS'
ss<
SS" SS^ gte*^ Ss- tig*
<eSo> •r;So> nc>i>n v2Sh> fioi"-
J t-' + lo «' + c-i V X '^' « +
•O <C T^ C-« » 1
Sft'^
>0 00 o — — w o> — t-
t- r» . ^ « ■
•-• — 00 X — M
r'i8+ ?.S+ ;•%'
o — -X
1^ » ri
S3 +
t* 3
<DO<n
1^00 +
•oto +
»■+
— <e o> S 9E t>-
^ 5
■ - >. «
oJeJ I
5=: s c
£ c - =
t^ CO CO
*;t X t^ — OS 5>
56 c cs 'i S ri ^
r;«+ - + -
i'S'
1^ oO —
— o C^
■▼ CO tc
3?ST
>■■: '^ c> « -x o SI ^ eo
ri ?i •«' « M — « S o
= S= 5?i=. gS--=. g;:;T
— c<« Sc-e CTree riTOt-
r-- +
s
SK"": gao g2« 5g«
Sreoo o«'r r»oc< ^••••o
3IC+ s>f<+ M'e-^+ I-— 'X •^"•3 +
o
H
I
^1
so
+
w«
£
=iiliiiliii;^iiil
^^3
= s.
=2i
69
CI fi -c
'£ « +
g;;-
13:
S2 +
SS +
£2
5 M ci
S2-
2
'2 +
sa
I"
= S a
•C 36 —
?J — CO
■» lO T^
CO «^ lO
S2ci
?S5 +
3^
c>i I- X
« MO
2d+
a —
— tC «
CC Q .
^ lO >o
to CI "O
C^ S "O
C0CO +
---;+
-a
(>: — c-»
c; 3C .
cc c- 1-
« M T
"-+
o6i2*
c> o »
2.%
« ■«■ —
+
22 =
.—■30
i .1
o«5
o 5
'O
;: c r =
•t O
CJCiOC
0 00 +
e o 01
= a
-22(2
coo —
CMC) 3C
» -i ?<
51 »T^
r- ^ -^
,-1 _ 00
+
« OPJ
£; a
JRSg
S
2; »•
n ^
SI
o o
o ^
li
Se-i
5!
o— _
852
C e> Q
— K a*
70
I'liltlf (>. — (.ilv i'.riinf lrrinl>. I'f.'tH irr.^iis ivrriitii- yv.j.J— .»r
(OtTcnscA known to the itollcw in 3,703 cities over 2,M0, tutal population 84,872,1A0]
.VunilK'r of olIi-ii.s»'s
Porceiit
OlTi>n.«o
AvcniKf,
Wil 57
1U.'«
ctlllllKO
TOTAL .
1.419, MS
1, 782, 534
+28.2
Miiritcrniul iionnpKlicont iiiiuuilauKlitor
Mnn.'ilntiKhtfr t>y ii<'KilK<'nci' ,
Ki>rcll)li' niiM'
Kol.lK'ry
ApKmvatci! a.ssnult
»iin:liir> bnaking or entering
I.nriviiy tluft
Auto Ihcft
3,314
2,301
'5,20:1
4.\6lU
.■J21.218
JH1>I,1'12
l.W.flOl
3,67»
2,343
H, 872
,v.>, \m
f.7, IMHl
KM. -Mi
* i.(i«u.:ii'>u
183. 832
+ 11.0
+ 1.8
+32.1
+ 14.3
+7.8
+2."). «
+2«.2
+22.1
' BiTiiiiiiiiK in 19'>8 tile n»i><' oU»'ifory wius liiuiU'.! i» fornlil.' olloiist'.s. Prior to 1958 statutory cases were
nLso includiii. The forclhlc rapfS us«'<| toc-on.struct tin- annual a\cniui> for lU.V) .17 wito esliruati-s linseil on
sixfialoifin.sortimlyseisfurnislic.l l.y o\.r lut soU-cti-"! ciiu> i total itopulatioii ovi-r .'jd.iKKi.tKMD which showed
tho proportion of rcporiol rapo.s clas.sihi'il a.s forcililc each year.
' Incluili's all rrporti'il ilu-fts reKunllcvs of \aluo of property stolen.
^ Tulilr 7. — Mitnllilv f nrinliniis. l<f.iH
[Daily aveniKi', oifinses known to the poller in 3,131 cities, total poiiulatiou W5,530,81IJ
Month
Jtnukry December
January- March
April- June
July-Septenilier - -
October- l)f<^'fnt>«'r
January
Kehniary -
.March
.\pril
May
June
July
Aunut
Scptenitx r
October
Novenitier .
DecvnitKT
Criminal homicide
Murder,
nonni>K-
liKent
man-
slaugh-
ter
11. B
ia9
11.2
1Z9
12.4
11.5
9.7
11.3
10. tS
11.1
11.8
117
12.7
IZ4
la 6
12.5
14.0
Man-
slaut:h-
ter by
negli-
gence
7.6
7.«
6.7
7.1
8.8
7.4
a4
7.2
•i.ti
7.0
6.5
A.2
0.8
a4
8.1
a4
tt.8
Forciiile
rape
Robljcry
.Aggra-
vated
a.ssault
Burglary
break-
ing or
enter-
ing
Larce-
ny-
theft
98.4
164.3
las
23.0
26.0
21.7
10.2
18. «i
lao
20.3
22.8
26.0
25.2
26.8
25.9
22.6
22.5
2ai
192.7
196.0
189. 3
l.-iS. 5
142.8
142.8
144.9
l.V). 7
l.i2. 9
1.W.6
162.2
187.2
214.4 I 1,269.3
180.1
221.5
245.6
209.9
171.3
176.6
192.9
209.0
226.4
229.1
244.0
2.'M. 6
2*7.8
214.1
217.2
198.6
1,365.9
1,21&0
1.23a6
1. 2.'i6. 3
1. 3«'>l). 4
1,347.2
I,38H. 3
l,3ia9
1.153.9
1,183.3
1,221.7
1.2.52.5
1,241.8
1, 187. 8
1,256.2
1,324.7
9,250.6
3, 2ia 4
3,339.4
3,233.8
3,211.0
3.110.3
3,122.4
3,413.1
3. 483. 3
3.20O. 1
3. 277. 4
3. 213. 8
3.334.5
3, 150. 5
3,302.5
3,2219
3. 106. 1
.\uto
theft
583.5
613.0
577.8
55a8
585.1
633.9
57.^ 9
02.S.5
6iao
5«H.7
551.2
537.5
.'>58.4
.VI. 2
591.9
598.9
564.9
"2^
a**
8°
u
-3.
u ? _
a £ S
t. c
-2-
PQA
o ^
a. 2
. S a
1^ ^
2 o
- J. e *-
«: " St;
'^ C S w
o5^ 4— -rp^ ~~ nci
f,~- Z^ S'^ 2=^ ?i^
^.3
I- X I- — •
5£S
OOO W"" OOO "J^ i>-^
^u^ S '^ ^o &^ ^?i
•c-r f'T^ oco *rci cfn
I*
oo
Or?
3S
ot-
l»oo oi-
— pj a* t * 2
r- . <s . O . so
— r- is o> ^ to «
oS
:s
t^o
— o
■"••CO
'^ —
rs
Ol.-
o'—
s-
o" —
s-
O . 00 .
or- 00 -^
3".
00 ;s
Mco c^ o csao
ao • cd . to .
■"I'M ^M MM
cc »c
» 31
« .
M 1-
CI .
So
.2 a
:3 m
O.H _
a °-
Cos
tctEM
O -'
.- ii ^-i-
a <« = = / 3 ^ ■/" = "
a.i/'.2:.ix.is:.i;/'.;
= 8
o —
a"
3 a
111
S 3 3
i-J,
i:
riao
!i
2*^
S^
8*
ti o
«8
-.8
«■**
n"
M —
r^O
— 1>.
"".«»
is^
s:
s-
S It
is
-IE
£5-
Sg
lit
73
ral.l«'». — (tjjrtoi- itiiil\>i>. irrntl^. I'KiT-'iH. ami I't-rtrti I IH^I rilm I inn
[W.5 vUk-i over Ji.OOO. Total jjoijulutioii 01.228,835]
Classincntlon
Robber v:
TOTAL.
Highway
Coninierelal house.
Oil station
Chain store
Kesi<lenee
Hank
Miscellaneous
IJurglary— breaking or entering:
TOTAL..
Hesidence (dwelling) :
Night
Day
Konresidcnce (store, office, etc.):
Night
Day
T.arccnv-ihcft (except auto theft, by value):
TOTAL
iU) and over.
$5 toS-W
rnder$5
l/iriciiv— theft (by tvpe):
TOTAL
Pocket-picking
Purse-snatch ing
Shoplift ing
Thefts from aiitos (except accessories).
Auto accessories
Hicycles
All others
Number of offenses
1967
48,7S0
22. 445
10. .')74
2. 10.1
1,217
3, 072
136
2,523
897,367
64,591
52,843
163, 377
16,556
744, 549
20.1.954
430. 321
103, 274
744,549
7.177
11,812
35,556
124. 095
203.644
106. 408
255, 257
1958
48,S39
25,159
12,322
2,262
1.044
3.882
208
2.855
329. 9S7
71.406
57. 003
186. 5,S5
14.373
803, 185
223.248
463. 408
116. .lafl
803, 185
7.056
12,611
41.924
144. 187
221. 141
108. 447
267.819
Percent
change
-i-lS.1
+ 12.1
+ 16.5
+4.6
+3,5. 1
+5.7
+52.9
+ 13.2
+11.0
+ 10.6
+9.0
+ 14.2
-13.2
+7.9
+8.9
+6.2
+ 12.8
+7.9
-1.7
+6.8
+ 17.9
+ 1.1.6
+8.6
+ 1.9
+4.9
Percent
(Ibtrihu-
tioB, 1958
100.0
52.1
25.5
4.7
3.4
&0
.4
5.9
100.0
21.6
17.5
56.5
4.4
100.0
27.8
67.7
14.5
100.0
.9
1.6
5.2
18.0
27..';
13. .1
33.3
ahle 10. — f'aliie of Property Stolen, by Type of Crime, 1958
[(0.'> cities over 2.1.000. Total i)opulation 01,228.83.1]
1
Classification
Number of
offenses
Value of prop-
erty stolen
.Vverage
value per
offense
TOTAL
1,342,926
$265,700,000
tl98
HohbiTy
48. 332
329. 937
803,185
101,472
10.9tKt.O«K(
61. 400. (KM)
58. ChX). IHW
134. 800. (XX)
20,;
Hmplary
1 .iirecny — theft
isr,
7:t
.\iito theft
835
71
I'jiltN- II. — I tilitf Iff I'rufH-ils ."^liflrti ittui t iiltir <»/' I'lit/K-rt \ Hrtinvml, h\
Type «/ ProfH-rlv. I'f.'iH
[405 dtk'S over 25,000. Tittnl popnlniiun )il,rj>,N.i.'i]
TviM' i.f |ir<i|i<rty
Value of proiHTty
I'erct'iit
Stolen
Recovertnl
refovereil
TOTAI
• 111 reney, notes, etc
Jrwrlrv ftiiil pr«'<'iniis nit'tnis
1865,700,000
31.700.000
2:1,200,000
7.«00,U)0
12,200,000
■ 134,000,000
50, 100. 000
•149,300,000
3. MKI.dlNI
2.21X1.(11X1
|(KI,(XXI
1. I(K).(XMI
121. I(K),(NN)
11, l(KI.(NNI
»8.9
12.0
9 5
Kiir^
5 3
Cloihint!
0 (I
l.tMiillv stolen autnniohilcs
tt2.2
M isrcllikneous
20 3
I X'ftiiie of automobil{>!< stolen may not npre<' with stolen autonioliile value in table 10 since value of
vrliieli-s stolen In nihht'rics nn<l I'lirulnrii"; I.-; ini'lii>|i'i| In the values of stolen property for those olTense
eliivv s.
'lalilr 12. — (fXfrii»\ hinmn. (h-iinil hy irn-sl. ami 1%-rstnis Clutrnitl {llvUl
fur I'rasmilinn), I'K'tH. Ity I'lP/nihil inn i'.rtmps. "Sintihrr pvr liXI Kinniii
Off en sen
Total
Crlniinal
homieide
For-
cible
ra|X'
Rob-
bery
Aggra-
vated
o&sault
Bur-
glary-
break -
ing or
enter-
ing
Lar-
ceny-
theft
I'opiilatlon Group
1
Mur-
der,
non-
negli-
genl
man-
slaugh-
ter
Man-
Slaugh-
ter by
negli-
gence
.\ulo
theft
TOTAI, GROUPS I-Vl
l,<.''>t eities; total population,
77,4t».Z«:
Offenses known
Offenses cleared by arrest
Persons charged
100.0
26 4
20.6
100 0
93. 6
M.0
100 0
89.8
76.7
100.0
73.0
78.9
100.0
42.7
42.2
100.0
78.9
66.7
100.0
29.7
21.3
100.0
20.2
13.0
100.0
26.9
23.0
i.lKji r 1
3S <i(li-s over 2.'iO,(N«i: total
1- I."'!.." :«,»t7.92»:
»>•■ 1 ... -
< ' 1 by urrest .
!• ...1
4 (111.-, ovtr l.tm.fxx); total
l».pul.>tlon. l.^ft.M.«l7:
((If. ' - . !.> ..V. tl
<>'' 1 by arrest
r. 1..
8 ell.. . , -, .^ lo 1,000.000:
lotul iHipulatlon, 0,7(16,-
UM:
f))T. ,,.. . i,,,.,.n
• ••' 1 by arrest .
1-. !..
• r;!.. . •.....; to 750.000;
t'ltni |M)pulation. 5,16.%,-
349:
Or',-.— - I.I.... n . .
<n' 1 by arrest.
I'. 1..
KXl.O
28.2
20.5
100.0
32.1
20.7
100.0
26.5
23.4 ,
100.0
20. S
21.7
1
un.o
22.5
KXl.O
«3. 1
U3.4
100.0
02.0
100.5
100.0
«.7
71».9
100.0
06.2
04 9
100.0
00.4
"4 7
KXI.O
00.5
70.0
1(X).0
03.1
103. 8
KXt.O
on. 1
117.0
KM.O
01.0
30.2
100.0
M-6
■■.' 1
liXt.O
70.6
74.5
1(X).0
00.0
74. 0
1(X). 0
73.0
<■*. 2
loi.o
72.1
95.1
100.0
TO K
IINI.O
43.1
39. .•>
lit). 0
46.7
38.7
100.0
37.7
41.0
Ksl.O
42.2
42.0
100.0
ao 0
■'• 4
KXt. 0
f>\.0
100.0
76.1
63.2
IW.O
80.3
56.0
100.0
84.1
6P.0
100.0
75.3
57.0
KXI.O
20.4
18.0
100.0
32.0
16.2
100.0
28.4
2.V2
100. 0
31.4
17.8
100.0
34.2
14.5
100.0
21.7
15.0
100.0
24.0
12.8
1(X). 0
30.7
18.1
un.o
25.8
10.5
100.0
10.4
12.4
100. (1
23.1
10.4
100.0
27.1
21.8
100.0
17.5
18.6
100.0
22.4
18.7
I* <illr<. .'.<i,n«) to .WO.OOO:
t..l.i| [...luliition, 6.400.-
(' ' 1 by arrest
!■■
100.0
25.1
17.fi
'luble 12. — Offennr.H Known, (^It'aml by Arrest, niul Pcrsonn Chnrtivd {Hflil
fur I'rusvviitinn), 1958, by Papulation (irouptt, i\unil*er pt-r WO hnourt
(tjffnsrs — C.onliiiued
Population nroup
r.ROfp II
70 citit's. lOO.OCK) to 250.000;
total populutioii, 10,289,-
757:
Offenses known
Offenses cleared by arrest.
Persons charged
GROUP m
134 cities, 50,000 to 100.000;
total population, 9,241,
128:
Offenses known --
Offenses cleared by arrest .
Persons charged
Total
OROVP IV
264 cities. 25,000 to 50.000;
total population, 9,296,-
665:
Offenses known
Offenses cleared by arrest-
Persons charged - .
GRorp V
594 cities, 10.000 to 25,000;
total population, 9,426.-
284:
Offenses known —
Offenses cleared by arrest .
Persons charged
GROUP VI
894 cities under 10,000; total
population, 6,227,470:
OlTenses known
Offenses cleared by arrest-
Persons charged —
100.0
23.6
18.9
100.0
23.2
19.4
100.0
24.7
20.8
100.0
26.0
21.9
100.0
30.6
26.9
Criminal
homicide
Mur-
der,
non-
negli-
gent
man-
slaugh-
ter
100.0
94.8
94.8
100.0
95.0
92.8
100.0
92.5
92.9
100.0
94.9
105.6
100.0
90.6
86.3
Man-
slaugh-
ter by
negli-
gence
100.0
93.6
72.7
100.0
80.3
67.9
100.0
82.6
85.4
UK). 0
94.7
94.7
100.0
93.6
88.5
For-
cible
rajK-
100.0
75.3
87.3
100. 0
73.8
82.7
KM), I)
80.8
87.6
100.0
83.6
91.8
100.0
83.2
96.1
Kob-
bery
100.0
39.1
44.3
1(X).0
40.1
49.0
100.0
43.4
55.5
100.0
44.1
55.1
100.0
55.8
71.7
Aggra-
vatc-d
assault
100.0
76.4
65.3
100.0
81.0
84.0
100.0
86.3
84.2
100.0
85.8
88.6
100.0
89.1
SM. 5
Bur-
glary-
breiik-
ing or
enter-
ing
100.0
28.0
20.7
100.0
28.1
21.3
Lar-
ceny-
theft
100.0
31.9
28.9
100.0
34.8
35.6
100.0
17.7
14.1
100.0
17.6
14.2
100.0 100.0
32. 2 19. 2
26. 7 15. 4
100.0
20.4
15.3
100.0
25.1
19.1
Auto
theft
100.0
27.4
21.2
100.(1
27.1
23.3
100.0
35.2
31 7
100. 0
41.4
39 2
100.0
50 4
51.1
76
I'nisi-t-iititm), I'f.'iH, /»>■ i'.t'tmrupiiir Hiiisitnis. .\iiiiihrr /»<t IOO hnnirii
(ifocniphic (llvLsloii
Tot 111
Criminal homi-
cide
Mur-
tllT,
iionni>K'
llK<-nt
mull-
slaiiRli-
Mikii-
slaiieli-
tt-r hy
n»'Kll-
Forcl-
l>lf
rape
Kol)-
Jwry
AK»rni-
Vttt4'<l
ossuiill
Hur-
Klury—
bn'ttk-
Ine or
I'lltlT-
illK
Lar-
ci'iiy—
theft
TOTAL ALL DIVISIONS
I.WM citif,-;: ti.tal poiniliilinii,
Offensps known . . ..
Offenses rleared by arrest. .
Persons charged
NKW KM. IJIM> STATES
IM citiw: totnl iK>|)ulHtion,
A.fi7K.:M2:
OtTeii.'ips known.. .
oiIi'ii.M's cU'ariNl by arrest..
rers<)n.«i fharj;e<l- .
\llt>l>I.E .\TI..\NTK STATE.S
H"^ r'nws: total population,
ly.'l-.'.OH:
<)tIpnM>s known
oilenjies rleare<l by arrest.,
rcnum.'i ctmrKed
EA.HT NORTH 1 ENTHAI STATE.S
4fiO cities: total {Mipulation,
19.J«»i.4l»<:
OfIen.se.<i known
Offen.'ios cleared by arrest. .
1'erson.s i-hnrRe*! . .
WE-ST NORTH 1 ENTRAI. STATES
231 cities: total population,
f..yir.l.'J
•til by arrest.
v:od
SOITTR ATLANTIC STATES '
75 rilies: total popuUtlon.
7.>-.'.hll:
f>(Ien.<«i known..
OfTenses cleared by arrest.
Penona charKed
EAST SOlTn I ENTRAI. STATES
f» cii.-: I. til population,
red by arrest.
Vt-rMtit.-. iiiiirKed
WE-ST SOVTM TENTRAL STATES
III rlties; total population,
f,. I'H.Ml
100.0
36.4
80.6
• I by arrest..
atl
100.0
23.0
22.2
100.0
2fi.S
21.0
100.0
28.9
19.7
100.0
23.9
15.1
100.0
32.4
33.2
100.0
25.0
25.5
100. n
29. 1
|U. 4
100.0
03.6
94.0
100.0
90.1
85,9
100. 0
93. K
lO.'i.O
100.0
89.6
88.9
100. 0
91.1
59.1
100.0
97.7
101. 1
100.0
97.5
08.0
100.0
94. H
100.0
80. 8
76.7
100.0
73.0
78.8
100.0
42.7
42.8
100.0
78.0
06.7
100.0
29.7
21.3
100.0
20.2
IS.O
100.0
83.8
87.7
100.0
94.3
Ill.l
100.0
86.5
64.1
100.0
93.6
35.9
100.0
94.5
113.4
100.0
95.2
83.3
100.0
87.2
100.0
77.8
101. 5
100.0
72.4
98.6
100.0
73.3
59.0
100.0
75.6
41.3
100.0
81.5
119.3
100.0
72.3
84.5
lUU.O
76.3
100.0
39.5
70.7
100,0
43. 6
.12. 0
100.0
44.4
31.9
100.0
34.0
19.7
100.0
47.2
68.1
100.0
44.9
.VI. 9
100.0
44.1
100.0
79.7
90,4
100.0
76.1
77.8
100.0
78.1
43.7
100.0
73.6
25.9
100.0
85.2
86.6
100.0
83.6
08.3
100.0
82.4
100.0
25.1
24.1
100. 0
28.5
19.8
100.0
33.6
20.3
100.0
27.4
17.4
100.0
33.2
32.0
100.0
26.7
23.3
100.0
.32.0
19. S
100.0
19.9
17.fi
100.0
19.6
11.9
100.0
22.0
1.5.6
100.0
19.3
12.6
100.0
24.2
24.9
100.0
20.0
20.6
100.0
23.7
.See footnote at ('nd of tabb
77
Tuble Hi. — OJfrn.ses /vnoirrt, Clt-nrrtl hy Arrest, anil /'rrstms Cluir^vil {livid for
I'raseriititm), 1958, by (weugraphiv Divisions, dumber jht 100 Knoicn
Ojjrttsfs — (°.<>iitiiiiir«l
Total
Criminal homi-
cide
Forci-
ble
rape
Rob-
bery
Aggra-
vated
assault
Bur-
glary-
break -
Ing or
enter-
ing
Lar-
ceny-
theft
Oi'ogruphlc division
Mur-
der,
nonneg-
ligcnt
man-
slaugh-
ter
Man-
slaugh-
ter by
negli-
gence
Auto
theft
MOr.STAIN STATES
101 cities; total population,
2.6a3,9K.'i:
OlTiTisfts known
OlTi'ti.sivs cleared by arrest .
100.0
2:1.4
19.3
100.0
20.0
15.1
100.0
91.4
78.5
100.0
91.2
90.7
1
100.0
96.5
52.6
100.0
81.8
50.2
100.0
74.0
61.7
100.0
62.3
45.6
100.0
43.9
38.5
100.0
37.8
38.3
100.0
75.8
61.3
MO.O
70.0
47.1
100.0
30.9
23.0
100.0
24.7
17.8
100.0
18.5
15.7
100.0
15.4
11.2
100.0
25.6
22.3
PAdFIC STATES
22.'i cities; total population,
7.4!»0,:i27:
Offenses known
100.0
Offenses cleared by arrest. .
Persons charged . _
24.7
22.0
' Includes the District of Columbia.
Tul>I«- I \. — \ur»i/j«'r of I* or sans Finiml (Guilty per 100 Peraons Foriiuilly iliariivil
by the Police, 1958; 198 Cities Over 25,000, Total Population :i8,0O7,281
Offense
TOTAL
Criminal homicide;
(a) Murder and nonncpligcnt manslaughter.
(b) .Manslaughter by negligence
Hobbcry
AgRravatcd assault
Other assaults
Burglary —breaking or entering .
Larceny -theft
Auto theft
Embezzlement and fraud
Stolen property; buying, receiving, etc.
Forgery and counterfeiting
Forcible ra|)e
I'rostitution and commercialized vice
Other sex offenses (includes statutory rape).
Narcotic drug laws.
Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc
Offen.-ics against family and children.
Liquor laws
Uriviiic while intoxicated
Trallie and motor vehicle laws
I lisorderly conduct
Mriinkeruiess.
\'at'r:incy .
Uainliling
All other offenses
Xumber of persons
Charged
(held for
I.TOsecu-
tion)
100.0
100 (I
IIHV (I
UK), (t
KNI. II
1IKI II
■IKI (I
KHI 0
!IHI. 0
HKI. 0
IIHI. II
IIHI II
KKI (I
IIHI II
KHI. (1
IIMI. 0
UNI. (I
IINIII
UMI. 0
lUO II
1(X). f.
IIKI. (I
IIKI II
IIMI. II
l("l 0
10(1.0
Found guilty
Total
guilty
.19. .5
M. 5
1)0. H
11. «<
71.0
tV( 0
."iO.
i>
(W.
0
()5
,1
(k?.
s
59
1
f)9.
.{
80 8
m.
7
CO.
:t
7K
1
r.i.
8
7:(.
s
Offense
Lesser
charged
offense
66.4
0.6
45.0
14.^
25.1
5.4
49 7
U.l
27.4
14.4
48.7
3.6
na.i
11.7
66.7
4.3
5«.2
7.8
56.3
6.2
41.4
4.2
62.1
10.6
;«.9
11.7
49.4
1.2
02. 5
5.5
62. 6
2.0
,18.5
4.8
57. 5
1.6
67.8
1.5
73 3
7.5
66. ;i
.4
59. 6
. 7
7H 0
.4
r.l.o
.8
44. 4
. (
72 7
11
7H
OD^'usrs in Imlivithnil iituis
TJif niiiiilxT ol odciisi's rcporlcd as liiniii;^ hccii (■(•iniiiil led (liirii)<^
I lie jx'iiod of .Inmiaiy Dcccinlx'r. I!)")S, is sliown in inhlc I"). The
rompilalioii includes llic reports received from police depml iiicrils
ill cities willi more (iiaii 'J.'), 000 inlinbilaiils. Police admiiiisl ralors
and oilier iiilercsled iiidi\idiials will prol>al)ly find il desiral)le to
coinj)are llic crime rates of llieii- cities with the a\era;^e rales shown
ill tahh' S of this piihlicat ion. Similarly, they will douhlless desiro
to make comparisons with the li<i:nres for their commnnit ies for prior
periods, in order l«> deleriniiie whether there has Ix-cit an increase or
a decrease in the amount of crime committed.
Caution sliould he exercised in eom|)ariii<j; crime data for individual
cities hocrtuso tho di(r>'reiicos in t.he fi«;iire!> may he duo to rt vrtriely
of factoi-s. Such compuiisons are not necessarily significant, even
though the li«;ures for indivitlual < onmiunilies are eonverte<l into terms
of numher of olTenses per 100.000 inhal)itants.
The following is a list of some of the factors w Inch aOecl the aiiiouni
;ind \\])o of crime in the community:
l*oj)ulation of the city and meti"oj)o]itan ai<'a adjacent thereto.
Tho composition of the popnlalion with reference |)articularly to
ajre, se.\. and race.
The economic status and activities of tjie popuhition.
Relative stahility of po|)uI:ition.
(■linnite.
Kducational. i-ecrcatioiial, and icli^iou> facilities.
The mimber of police employees per unit of j)op\dation.
The standards i;overnin<r appointments to the police force.
The j)olicies of the jjrosecut iii»; oflicials and the courts.
The attitude of the public toward law enforcement problems.
Till' de«rree of efliciency of the local law enforcement ajjency.
In considering' the volume of crime commit ted locall}'. it is «jenerally
more iinj)ortant to determine whether the figrures for a given com-
munity show iiKicases or decreases than t(^ ascertain whether they
exceed or fall short of those for some other individual communitN.
and it should be renn'mbered that tln' amount of crime conunit ted in a
<'onimunify is not solely chargeable to the polic(> but is ralli(>r a charg<'
against the entire community.
In publishing these figun'S, the FBI a<'ts as a service agency. The
figures pnl)lished are iho<e submitted by th(^ contributing agencies.
79
'J'lil.lr I'). — \iinihrr nf Offrnsrs kiioirn l» ihr I'nliir, J*f58, Cities ihvr 23,000
in I'upiilutiafi
Pity
Criminal bomicido
AMli'iu'. Tex
AliliiKton. Pa
Akron, Oliio
Aliimi-<la. Calif
Alimny, Oa
Alhiiny, N'.Y
Alliiuiuorfiuo, X. Mez.
AlrxaiKlria, La
Alexaiulria, Va..
Alhamhrn. Cailf
Alifiuippa, Pa
Alliii I'ark, Mich.
AllfUlowii, Pa
AlliaiuT, Ohio
Alton, III
Altoona, Pa
Amarlllo, Tex
Amos, Iowa
Amherst. X.Y
Amsterdam. -V.Y
An;ilieim, Calif.. .
Anderson, Ind
Ann Arhor, Mich.
Annapolis, Md —
Anniston, Ala
Appleton, Wis.. .
Arcadia, Calif....
Arlington, Mass.
Arliniiton, Va —
Asheville, X.C...
Ashland, Ky
Ashtabula, Ohio...
Athens, Oa
Atlanta, Oa
Atlantic City, NJ.
Atlleijoro, Mass.
Auburn, Maine..
Auburn, N'.Y —
August a, Oa. ...
.\urora, Colo
.\urora. III.
Austin, Mlun
Austin, Tex. .- -
Hakersfleld, (5iJlf.. .
Baldwin Park, Calif.
Hiilllniore, Md...
HiiiiKor, Maine
Hart>erton, Ohio.
Hartlesville, Okla.
Haton KouRO, La.
Matlle Creek, Mich.
Hay City, Mich
Uayonne, N'.J
Haylown, Tex
Heaumont, Tex
Melleville. Ill
Helleville, X.J
HellinKham, Wash.
Belmont, NIa.'W
Belolt, Wis
Murder
anil non-
neclifient
nian-
.slaupliter
100
1
2
Man-
dauKh-
ter by
m-Rli-
tsence
Forrible
r.ipe
Rob-
bery
22
11
2
3()3
15
1.5
20
74
35
32
28
4
7
18
6
11
3
33
383
67
1
1
15
10
17
3
2fi
57
15
798
2
0
1
42
II
8
18
4
56
3
5
2
2
16
30
5
127
2
40
66
14
276
28
19
3
9
12
156
2
1
10
11
14
108
03
lO.-i
3
1
62
628
133
177
1
260
55
39
2,224
1
1
1
151
?a
8
37
35
303
462
126
1,.'>33
133
231
494
1,000
274
502
382
41
172
232
60
121
182
462
40
171
13
418
276
177
142
256
91
275
67
414
224
103
.58
106
3,919
886
40
33
341
954
480
273
3,807
55
72
37
1,049
,304
246
197
117
899
150
125
85
99
132
187
88
762
57
68
117
970
70
237
367
42
111
140
28
47
50
451
40
133
31
404
86
476
100
128
41
191
32
660
2:j6
32
40
73
2,157
376
77
37
30
128
95
127
o2
202
.Sf>5
(A
3,923
61
.M
51
534
108
74
196
86
322
69
23
147
■50
47
1,501
198
3.977
675
197
.5;j9
3. 413
4.58
1.315
740
103
336
626
275
515
174
1.844
145
321
72
1.169
401
1.011
405
395
764
527
128
1.447
Ctrl
251
2H4
161
7.717
.VKI
131
.50
l.T
.518
3.50
.5.58
.550
3.250
1..5W
369
7.729
326
320
147
1,479
768
810
.300
143
1.619
1H4
flO
4U)
VM
42.5
80
Tilhlr I'l. — \M;fi/»«r <»/" Oj^r/iM-.s hinmit /«» tin- I'ltliir. I'f.'tH. i.illis Oirr J.l.DOO
ill Populiitiati — < '.ontiiiiK'd
Crlniliml homicide
Kordble
n»p«<
Rob-
bery
AcRra-
valed
assimlt
Bur-
Kliiry—
break -
ing or
enter-
ing
Larwny— theft
City
Murder
and non-
ncKllRi'nt
muii-
slauRhter
.Man-
slauKli-
ter by
neKll-
Kence
IMand
over
Cnder
$.10
Auto
theft
lU'iiton llnrl»<>r, MIfh. ..
Hi'rk.-lr> . Ciillf
MtTW >ll, III . .
HfS.s«>mt'r, AIn
lU'lhK'lioni. I'a
IWv€>rlv, Miiss
1
1
1
1
1
1
11
2
ao
1
1
2
1
3
47
1
?
64
"l
•■5
5
2
3
1
1
Ifi
9
27
78
29
12
.^
2
1.')
1
1S9
3
3
5
5
.1
1
4
.■>23
1
4
5
38
14
4
10
3
3
9
191
48
5
2
10
66
1
145
3
1
;
79
1
433
2
5
2
12
9
211
448
15
•y
69
3
4
4
.'..■i
11
10
247
38
33'
l«i3
614
143
192
170
26
<M
1H.^
1.S2
\H)
Z470
66
88
193
13«»
215
87
42
3.113
20
76
8.54
92
23<5
298
l.W
240
97
170
1.1>>4
.M3
37
71
86
115
270
918
592
13.5
142
195
164
WH
364
1.3.54
76
l..'i25
134
130
290
113
14.295
317
83
90
1S6
306
1.87S
68
47
172
135
.58
113
65
52
?22
102
103
1,284
24
137
106
119
166
32
25
2.739
73
81
34
385
.58
169
24
78
83
39
104
380
276
17
57
78
»4
302
519
418
101
78
163
140
482
(')
388
70
98
73
94
151
73
8.996
156
112
40
90
252
1,141
17
.5.59
1.725
241
199
433
216
70
1,287
234
600
2.878
333
220
419
449
.529
348
67
4.155
224
97
.584
1.2.57
136
512
2.S«i
439
362
186
215
1,286
693
378
303
353
559
334
1.127
1.435
488
216
9»B
603
1,456
1,005
2,016
265
1,917
124
306
355
625
10.267
318
179
111
353
392
4,352
W
37
143
NO
73
4i;
2"J
ll.v.rlv mils. Calif
lUllliips, Mont
1
1
1
1
45
102
lUloxl. Miss
BliiK>i!Wi)lon, N'.Y
BlrnilMffhani, Ala
82
m
940
Ulrniliikrliiim. Mich
:io
BlfH)iiin,l(I. \.J
51
Blouiiiiiicton, III
1
1
1
1
34
105
Blooniliitcton, Ind....
M
Boi<«>. MiUio
Borurr, Ti'X
4.1
Hosskr City, La
1
27
r,
Boston. Mass
Boulder, Colo
4. .543
21
Brttlntr»>o, Ma'ss...
39
BronuTton, Wiisli
2
6
1
2
3
3
42
Mridpi'iHtrt, Conn..
2
1
3K.«;
Bristol. Conn..
Brockton, Mass
2'.t
147
Brookhiivm, N.Y
Brooklliii'. Muss
1
1
1
87
105
Brownsville, Tex
IW.
Bryun, Tex
32
Bijenu Park, Calif
1
10
2
2
23
3
55
BiilT.d... V. Y
Biirbiink. Calif
1,607
239
Burlliictim, Iowa
16
BurllnKtnn, \.C
1
42
Burllninon, Vt
97
Butte. Mont
3
6
6
8"
28
S
14
32
149
75
2
3
24
>*\
"2
128
2rt
71
5
7,319
40
8
3
13
78
243
28
12
301
15
31
3
1
13
72
117
iMI
42
IC.7
216
2
a 9112
79
1
io'
14
288
1
127
Cumbrlilue, Mass
2X3
Camden. N'.J
3
4
672
Canton, Ohio
339
CarLobn.l, \. Mei
4.'i
Casper, Wyo
4
3"
2
2"
15
4
9
1
1
1
5
532
5
1
•■12
Cp<lar Hapids. Iowa
72
ChamiKilKn, III
64
Charloton, .-^.C
Charleston, W. Va
7
21
3
28
1
4
1
9
18*
2
I
1
107
4
1
179
216
Ch ,rl,,tT.. \ r"
346
Va
21
iin
CliritclihiiUl, V». ..........
33.^
42
rr.-.-.r I'n
4
166
45
Wyo
11. :.:..::
805
4 7«io
;l.l|thtS. Ill
98
Clitcu|Hi', .Mass
50
rt, :' ,,,ti,o. Ohio
12
•1, Calif.
•
1
8
24
1
8
m'
1
63
166
:i. Ohio
Clofk.-l.tirK'. W v..
»
918
44
.scf footnot*v< at ••ml of table.
81
I'uhlv 1.".. — .Nu/;i/><r «»/ (fjfrn.sfs Knnnn In tlu- Pulire, 1958, Citit'.t Out 25,000
in Population — (Continued
Criminal homicide
ForclbU
rape
• Rob-
bery
Aggra-
vatffl
assault
Bur-
glary-
break -
Ing or
enter-
ing
Larceny— theft
City
Murder
an<l non-
negligent
man-
slaughter
Man-
; slaugh-
1 lerby
negU-
genoe
$50 and
over
Under
$50
Auto
theft
rii'urwiiler, FIb
2
73
4
1,107
3
8
3
21
1
27
31
414
126
5
1
76
6
8
32
3
49
6
17
403
7
4
20
9
25
224
21
53
1
17
36
524
17"
16
64"
46
742
122
2
""476"
16
4
4
7
34
2
1
594
3
2
78
'"""225"
96
23
4
2
5
327
43
""4." Its'
33"
15
85
120
4
8
1
1
6
22
1
4
106
2"
6'
78
139
8
103
1
198
2,939
143
153
62
317
108
598
580
2,647
1,079
135
26
1,324
122
191
261
250
312
106
94
4,297
167
39
241
152
411
1, 513
508
779
32
559
61
4,782
1.202
67
14. 187
110
598
152
420
197
281
116
130
100
23
85
566
113
137
599
26
110
42
182
120
1.H89
114
412
112
106
1,026
61
102
86
236
37
391
152
1,995
946
23
67
381
27
142
191
281
263
42
155
868
125
18
145
96
106
446
340
367
33
l.W
84
2,374
745
80
3,703
26
422
146
301
m
448
99
177
80
16
25
192
75
132
386
27
45
43
38
64
658
76
486
99
476
14,146
268
624
431
936
394
1,708
538
5,686
1,738
667
117
1,905
287
628
458
577
400
183
342
10, (M2
301
100
430
640
1,365
2.192
845
2.684
138
863
270
6.382
2.258
203
29,455
147
1,070
666
1,618
759
756
311
691
246
88
199
686
158
301
442
38
210
376
367
180
3,928
286
1,051
216
37
('U'Vi<l;ini|, Ohio.
18
1
8
1
i"
3
12
3
1
1
6
60
i'
7
1
5
9
60
29
9"
6
i'
2
3
2,326
46
85
Clovclund Heights, Ohio...
Cllflon. \.J
Clinton, Iowa
18
Coloniflo Springs, Colo
Columblu, Mo
2
1
6
7
19
6
1
140
61
ColuniM;», 8.C
251
Columbus, Oa
100
Columbus, Ohio
1 219
Compton, Calif
669
48
Concord, Cnllf
Concord. -N'.H
16
Corpu.s ChrLsll, Tex
Costa Mesa, Calif
6
387
32
Countil Bluffs, Iowa
Covinpton, Ky
3
3
1
r
110
217
Cranston, R.I
80
Culver City, Calif.
89
Cumberland, Md
1
43
riivahoga Falls, Ohio
1
40
1
1
3
6
9
12
7
6
25
Dallas, Tex
82
61
1 620
Dalv Citv. Calif
171
Danbury, Conn
25
Danville, 111
I
5
1
19
4
2
1
8"
1
9
62
Danville, Va
68
l.'>8
Dayton, Ohio . ..
589
Daytona Beach, Fla
101
372
Decatur, Oa
15
Decatur, III
4
1
i
121
Denton, Tex s
22
Denver, Colo.
23
6
4
3
106
14
917
78
4
3,367
2
33
8
16
25
67
12
22
3
1
12
18
4
1
278
1
4
1
8
10
122
4
107
5
*> 445
Des Moines, Iowa
312
Des Plaines, III
14
Detroit. Mich
110
2
2
14
237
3
13
6,029
22
Dothan, Ala
Downev, Calif
116
Dubuque. Iowa
86
Duluth, Minn . .
2
8
7
1
2
i"
r
9
2
I
1
163
Durham, N'.C
East Cliicago, Ind
106
220
East Cleveland, Ohio
36
Eiist Detroit, Mich
90
East Hartford, Conn
38
East Lansing, Mich
12
East Llviri>ool Ohio
45
F^ast Onmpe, N'.J
1
7
4
3
148
East Point, Oa
48
East Providence, R.I
3
9
2
28
36
F:aat .St. I»ulB, 111
9
345
Eastehcster, .\.Y
6
Easton, Pa
34
EauClalro. Wis
2
6
2
10
28
El Cajon, Calif
1
13"
1
11
1
20
1
16
1
69
El Dorado, Ark
19
El Pa.so, Tex
1, 142
Elgin. Ill
38
Elizabeth, N.J
4
1
292
Elkhart, Ind
42
82
'I"iil»l«- l.'). — .\iiinlu-r Iff OXfrii.^rf. hiiiniii l,> llir I'ltlirc, I'l.'tH, i.il'u'H ihvr 2a,UU0
in I'opiiltitiim — < oiil iiiiirti
City
Crlmlnul homioldr
Mur.liT
aiKl non-
nexllKi'iii
man-
slaughter
Kluilmrst, 111..
Klnilm, N'.Y
KlyrUi. Ohio
KllKli'wood, Colo
Kn(!l«'Woo<l, N.J. .
KiiUI, Okla...
Krlo, I'u
Kuj-lltl, Ohio - .
KuRrno, On'B
Kiinka, Calif
Rvaiistoii, 111..
Kvaii.-ivlU.'. IiKl
Kv.-n-tt, Ma,>yi.
Kvrntt, \Vx<h
Fair Ijiwn, X.J
Kalrtl.-l.l. Conn
Fairmont. A\ .Va
Fall Hlvir, Muss
FarKo. N'. Dak
Fay.tt.-vlll.-, N'.C
K.rn.liilf. Mich..
' M.IUiy, Ohio...
f !• Iiliiin;, Ma«S.
I Uiit, Mich
Kloniur, 8.C ...
Fond ■!» I-ac, Wis
Fort l)(Hl(ri", Iowa
Fort I^inil<r.laU', Fla.
Fort Smith. .\rk
Fort Wayne, Ind
Fort Worth. Tex
Fruinliiirhani, Mass...
Fn'«i><>rt, III..
Fnt'iMirt, N'.Y
Fr»-.<no. Calif
Fulfcrtoi). Calif..
Gadsden, .KU ...
(}aln«svllU>. Kla.
Oak-shun:, 111 .-
Galveston, Tex..
Gar>l.-nCUy, Mich
Ganlen Orove Calif
Oarlena, Calif
Oarflild.N.J
Garfield HelKhU, Ohio.
Garland, Tex..
Gary, Ind
Gastonla, N.C
Olen<Uk>. Calif .
GloQCfster, Milm. . .
Clftl.M..,r,. V (
(i-
«ir-.. . !
Grwi.l Kuiml-. .Mkl>
Or>!i I. ("if. Ill
\l!in-
>laui!li-
ter by
neifll-
Rence
Korclhlr
ni|>e
42
.>ul., N.V.. . .1
'•otnot(>« at end of table.
Hot)
Ix-ry
I Hur-
.\i;k.Tii- ! Rlury —
vati'd hreak-
hiR or
enter-
hiR
M
\:m
71
IDK
IIU
.'*
I'.U
.'i3
l.V)
»3
144
130
173
137
Loroeny- theft
l-Mland
over
1 1 17
Complete data not recilve<l '
II
2
29
38
ao
10
3
g
178
0
1
35
18
31
294
5
14
f,
118
10
1
15
3
74
4
30
42
2
10
2
2.S1
3
2
414
1
10
97
fi2
34
114
2
3«
81
94
30
2
34.S
1
24
29
f>
28
3AA
102
107
27
121
:io
44
23."i
19
2K4
100
309
.Ml
60
81
79
I'nder
194
372
IMI
411
.M
4«19
1,277
483
H)V2
ONI
8.')!
1.753
107
875
2«->8
299
322
715
K2
77
.VIO
39«
4
836
172
124
381
KN)
37
319
ItV,
H9
405
1.1H7
1.235
2. 6.52
80
tW
164
89
2«
393
122
103
160
519
478
I.:i04
218
134
543
4S(I
439
2.151
2.913
899
.5.680
107
66
96
57
an
234
192
147
369
676
825
2.221
213
223
682
■222
100
272
184
91
481
83
39
411
700
443
764
124
51
.VM
277
249
649
247
427
.163
f»
lU
166
HO
6
232
132
62
327
1.325
872
1.845
146
36
603
774
423
1.S38
75
87
107
92
NO
336
UH
34
.586
93
.^3
370
154
139
415
908
snu
2.W5
177
14
431
ia«
ins
605
iia
.54
6a«
147
11»
391
118
M
208
sa
'llll.lr I.
. — \iiiiilnT Iff OJJfUsrs Kmiuii In tin- I'tilirr
in I'opulatiuii — CuiitiiiutMl
]<>.-,H. f.'.MVN (tirr
,000
City
Criminal liomicidc
Murder i Miui-
uiul non- sliiui;)!-
nefEllgenl tiT hy
man- i negll-
slaufEhti-r g^nce
Forcible
ra(>e
Rob-
bery
Bur-
Aggra- (slary—
vated break -
a.Hsault ' inc or
enter-
ing
j Larceny— theft
(irri'iislioro, X.C-
(irrrliville, MlsS
(ir.cnvUlf, S. C
( iriTiiwIch, Conn
(irotoii, Cdiin
Il^ickriisiick, N.J.
lliit-'crstown^ Md.
Hiitiiltdii, N .J
lliniilloii. Otiio...
ilainiiiond, Ind...
H:impton, Va
Ilanitnimck, Mich.
Hirlinncn, Tox
11 irrislmrp, Pa
Hartford. Conn
Mastinps, Ni-hr
lliittUshtirp, Miss.
llavcrford, Vi\
HaviThill, Mass...
Ilawtliorno, Calif..
Havward. Calif ...
Ha/cl Park, Mich.
Ilazliton, Pa
Henipstcad, K.Y..
Hial.ah. Fla
Hit'h Point, N.C
Hit-'hland Park. Mich.
llol.okin, X.J
llnllywood, Fla
llolvdki-. Mass
Honolulu City, Hawaii.
lloi Springs, Ark
Houston. Ti'x
llimlint'ton, \V. Va
Hiuitint;ton Park, Calif.
lliintsville, Ala
Hutchinson. Kans.
Idaho Falls. Idaho.
Indi iMiulintf, Mo
Indiatiapolis, Ind..
lni;lf\vood, Calif..
Inkslor, Mich
Iowa City. Iowa..
Irondrquoll. N'.Y.
lr\ inp, Ti'X
Irvington, N.J.
Ithaca, .\.Y....
.Jackson, Mich.
Jackson, Miss..
Jackson, Tcnn.
Ja<-ksonvillc, Fla
jMnicsi/)wn, .N'.Y
J«ncs\ illo, \Vis
JciTcrson City, Mo.
Jcrsi'y City, N.J
Johnson City, Tenn.
Johnstown, Pa
Jolict, 111
Jo|)lin, Mo
Kalaniatoo, Mich
117
5
22
23
6
.■jl
137
4
13
3
6
28
26
11
25
33
5
67
15
12
2
85
18
597
50
48
1
5
6
13
654
45
28
463
2
6
1
119
5
10
21
5
10
6
55
43
95
18
94
17
194
25
1.130
168
20
4
11
2
1
301
31
28
1
14
7
4
49
74
6
290
7
5
176
539
114
650
87
37
165
220
1G4
267
610
447
167
273
456
1,030
12
219
75
2.33
340
273
236
44
146
304
129
504
199
175
147
3.4.V4
222
7.790
363
443
200
93
194
121
2.936
782
331
43
80
105
278
63
102
533
200
3.137
41
63
61
1.011
215
223
122
160
367
285
102
340
52
34
65
89
155
202
506
353
194
106
227
656
12
91
92
63
214
263
147
41
145
141
49
300
44
69
104
1.179
123
2,593
199
327
(')
62
75
235
1.813
511
72
42
35
83
151
59
125
120
75
1.609
18
61
39
346
82
107
39
122
255
1.020
492
895
IU3
36
154
493
416
666
1.237
858
271
490
620
1.583
323
182
245
2H4
528
892
474
136
141
405
287
1,030
89
616
6.217
362
a 467
678
805
402
1,020
445
3.274
1. 112
625
l&t
169
352
483
189
359
1, 2.S2
312
3.204
118
369
162
865
327
334
436
421
1,323
See footnoti's at end of tahh
84
Tal»l«- 1.'). — .Niiiii/mt iij (tj)'i-iisf> hiiinm U> llir I'ltlirr. I'i.'tH, i.itirs ifirr _'.S,00«
in I'opii In tion—i '.on I i ii ueil
Cliy
Ktmkaki<<>, III
Kiiiuiii|H)lbs, N.C
Kmisiis fity, KttiM..
Kikii.siks City, Mo
Kciumy, N.J
Crimlruil liomiclilc
Murder ^^un-
aiid noil- sIuukIi-
neRllRi'iit UT by
nmii- ' noKli-
HiaUKllttT R{>lltV
Konoshn, Wis...
Krtiiriiii;, Ohio.
K.y \V,st. Kill .
KiiiKSlon. N.Y .
Kirkwood, Mo.
Knowllle. Tiiiii.
Kokoiiio, Ind
La Criuv-i*', WLs....
La (fpimre, (Ju
Lackiiwtuina, N.V.,
Lafuyotto, Ind
Lrtfuycttc, La
Lftkp CharU-s, La.
Lnkcl'tiid, Kin
Lakcwoud, Ohio..
Laiiouslor, Ohio.
Lttiicitstor, Pa
LaiLsiiip, Nlich...
Laredo, Tei
Lus Vi*ir!is, Ncv.
Laun-1, Miss
Liiwrriuv, Kiuis.
Liiwrt'tin>, Miiss.
Luu (on, Okhi
Ijohunon, Pa
Leoniin5trr, Mass.
Lewiston, Maln<>..
I.,exinpton, Ky
Llnia, Ohio
Lincoln, Ncbr
Lincoln Park. Mich.
Linden, NJ
Liltle Rotk, Ark
Livonia, Mich
Lock|K>rt, N.Y
Ixjng Boflcta, Calif...
Lonp Brach, .N.Y
Lonit Branch, SJ
Longvifw, Tvx
Ix>ruin, Ohio
Los .Mir.-Ir-;. Tnlir
L<. >
Lo.. !•«
LuM-Kk, T>\
LyiichhurK. Vs.,
Lynn. Mass
Lviiw .kmI, Calif.
Mai-iiii. f 18
Mndi.«on, Wis...
MiiMrn. M:l'=
M. II
Mr , h. Calif.
M
0
1
1
3
2
las
36
3
2
12
8
2
2
«
I
Korclblo
raiM*
20
150
46
5
Roh-
N-ry
16
1
130
SOU
6
3
6
2
f>
1
Angra-
VBll'd
a».suiilt
6
89
77
178
Bur-
It iiiry—
brcuk-
InK or
enitT-
inR
129
100
718
US
79
f>\
U3
13
803
2fil
80
67
143
217
150
liM
123
102
130
185
246
207
607
144
78
205
286
Larcc-ny— theft
$50 and
over
Only 10 months received
SI
47
117
028
82
80
31
37
55
43
273
110
52
23
70
126
81
140
111
22
57
88
197
104
182
17
07
71
95
Un.ler
$50
Only 8 months receivwl
1.028
26
4
2
7
11
1
14
123
8
1
460
5
3
5
32
4.622
435
30
8
53
11
34
42
38
10
8
7
8
22
11
184
12
0
300
8
5
11
29
6.354
341
18
160
1,133
365
84
3.103
85
03
54
294
31,123
2,866
426
161
1,284
161
557
324
570
329
103
138
302
73
234
278
255
1,872
3,340
149
568
237
79
nil
143
1.227
602
454
173
195
93
285
322
462
445
640
1,015
380
1.150
111
368
171
880
2
1
76
41
166
5
3
114
72
301
73
281
674
438
1,310
13
10
304
254
716
6
26
313
238
1,716
72
411
560
1.944
57
054
47
219
2.103
3 1S4
12
431
40
30
126
102
675
22.513
32,626
1,713
4,226
95
370
170
331
410
2.080
37
SOS
291
1,150
301
502
343
822
240
1,207
41
353
01
SIS
151
40S
33
24«
171
473
85
Ial>
I.'). — NnfufxT itf i)JJ«-n.sv.s hiitmn tn thr Polivr, 1958, Citit's (tier 25,000
ill I'opulutiaii — Continued
Criminal homiride
Forcible
rai>e
Rob-
bery
ARcrn-
vated
assault
Bur-
rIuO'-
break-
inR or
enler-
JHR
Larcrny— theft
City
Murder
and non
neRliRint
man-
slaughter
Man-
sliiuph
ter by
ncRli-
pcnco
(50 and
over
Under
$50
Auto
theft
Miiple lleiKhts, Ohio
6
1
5
2
8
2
20
11
6'
4
1
4
2
92
56
145
63
130
65
141
70
79
189
126
88
2,863
45
150
166
193
4,419
1,067
93
90
194
69
335
98
1,643
3,449
105
122
134
1,674
392
98
182
77
209
156
353
294
778
71
93
69
15
180
77
417
184
96
91
2,158
94
62
224
142
608
263
289
received
753
38
49
61
27
166
48
11
77
5
116
114
37
1,107
45
149
84
45
1,855
650
79
64
164
63
115
93
2,128
1,948
38
95
96
378
174
89
94
33
99
83
153
168
444
45
99
60
18
315
112
39
174
64
50
1.007
48
38
168
130
297
123
43
281 1
202
56
414
393
614
2(M
377
140
195
369
303
145
2,843
186
170
344
714
6,054
1,497
270
140
607
614
944
222
6.357
6.320
224
401
788
1.477
1.485
398
809
422
317
196
812
681
1.281
129
348
93
49
472
411
1.006
714
604
304
2.175
203
61
853
365
1.156
483
615
1,084
18
3
10
Mariettii, Oa
3
68
Mnrion, Ind.
1
2'
29
Miirion, Ohio
46
Mason City, Iowa .
46
Mitssillon, Ohio ..
1
1
47
MnvwoiMl, III
2
1
2
2
14
McAllcn, Tex
13
McKci'.sf>ort, Pa
4
1
1
42
1
2
190
2
4
5
11
693
45
2
1
10
2
13
1
133
389
1
10
14
103
37
5
8
3
16
6
24
18
87
3
11
2
25
"376'
6
7
53
5
695
11
7
6
""'169'
1
404
95
i'
209
12
i'
5
29
6
9
20
136
1
3
2"
4
7
2
15
3'
205
5
24"
32
15
69
months
68
67
Medford, Mass.
81
Melrose, Mass
8
Memphis, Tenn
37
17
20
1
661
Menlo Park. Calif
31
Meriden, Conn
75
Meridian, Nliss
8
2
40
2
2
is"
4
1
3
6
1
1
10
4
2
2'
32
Mesa, Ariz
94
Miami, Kla
Miami Heach, Fla
Miehipan Cit V, Ind
1.347
237
37
Middle! own, Conn
20
Middlctown, Ohio ..
I
158
Midland, Mich
40
Mi<lliind, Tex
3
1
3
3
58
16
1
1
2
16
2
5
3
1
6
2
10
4
1
98
Milford. Conn
33
M ilwaukee, Wis .
11
8
18
27
1,421
Minneapolis, Minn
Minot, X. Dak
1.648
65
Mishawaka, Ind - .
4r<
Missoula, Mont
86
Mobile. Ala
24
10
406
Modesto, Calif
101
Moline, 111
2
1
67
10
1
74
Monroe, Mich
28
Monrovia, Calif . .
61
2
1
i'
24
M ont (hello, Calif.
170
Monterey Park. Calif
Moiitt'omerv, Ala
1
11
96
205
13
Mount Clemens, Mich
1
4
1
53
11
Mount I'lciisunt, N.Y
1
Mount Vernon, N.Y
3
2
4
1
2
20
9
38
10
2
2
195
3
1
21
8
19
14
13
Only 11
24 1
125
39
Muneie, Ind
3
2
s'
134
MuskcRon, Mich
70
MuskuKee Okla
62
7
8
1
43
66
Nashville, Tenn
M
2
942
14
1
2
1
10
National City, Calif
1
1
1
100
33
New Medford, Mass
6
7
362
68
New Hrwnswick, N.J
3
21
2
5
109
3
New Haven, Conn
271
86
Tahlf 1.".. — .\tiiiibrr oj (>//«n.sr> Kniniii f«> //i«- /'«»/itr, I'JJS, iiilivs (Pitr :.'.>, t>«0
in Population^-i'jontinuet\
City
rrluilnnl iKiinlcUlo
Mm
kIuukIi
lor by
lU'Pll
RI-IUV
New Ki-it>>li>x(on, Pa.
Ni'w l^iiKlon, Conn. .
Nrw Orli'ikii!*, I^
N.w K.Mhollo. N.Y..
N.w York. N.Y
\twrtrk. N.J...
NiHitrk. Ohio
Nrw liiiivh. N.Y
Ni'»|M>rt, Ky .
N.«|M.rt,K.I
Ni«|M>rt Nows, Va.
Ni'Wlmi, N!b.«
MaKiin» KidLs. N.Y.
Norfolk, Vb
Norman, Oklu . ..
Norrislown. I'a
Norili H<>r)!«'n, N.J
North l.ittl.' KiK'k. .\rk
North MIhiuI. Kla
North 'roimwiiiula, N.Y
Nurthiuiiptoii, Mass.
Nornrtlk, Conn
Norwich, Conn ..
Nor*'oo«l, Ohio
Niithy, N.J
Oak Park. ID
Oak Park, Mich..
Oak Kiiltjo, T.'un.
Oaklan.l. Calif ...
Odessa, Tex
Otden. I'tah
Oklahoua City, Okla.
Omaha, Nehr
OnUrio, Calif
Orance, NJ
Orfauido. Fla...
Oahkwh, WU
Oituniwa. low^i
OwpnsNim, Ky
Omard. Calif .
Padu. .1 . K\
Pal.. ■
Par
Paj^
Park U:.l^>, l;i .
P.irk. i-t.iir.-. \V. ^a.
NJ..
t. HI
\la.«.
!•■ IV.
T.u-
ik.n. \.J
I. Fla
tK>y, N.y.".'"
/, Va . . .
rbuu City. All
2
3M
1
1
2
Kori'ihlr
n»|X'
4 0 32
I )iily II iiionllis n>r<'ivril
117
I
:2S
I2U
2
iiob
Ix'ry
Ap;:rn
voiiil
Ms.>iaiili
Miir-
Kl:iry—
hn'uk-
inK or
fntr>r-
inK
l.iirM-ny -tlu-fl
VVlunU
IriilM
110
I,IU1
>-M
4.417
3. ttM
:., 200
u
•M
221
ItH
iw
('>, (Mil
io,ia<i
;M, 092
4(1. U71
3.'.. M\
1»U
R4(i
4.03A
2,401
4,9.W
7
1IK2
KH
42y
tt
11
i:>2
111
2W2
11
u
H.'i
lOU
170
1
10
113
lOU
3»4
M\
117
r.M
447
1,24«
11
3
347
2115
:i3»l
20
m
:M3
.'■|<17
7tk')
•2f*\
KIO
2,014
1.223
3, .^•V4
s
75
176
.w
n
a
82
61
15«1
It)
u
154
12»
I.VI
1
1
Only 1 month ii'WiviHl
130
130
2
2
1
..
1
t 1
I'l
1 1
4 1
•a;
H
7
14
4M
1st)
1)'.
3U
3)
2d
172
100
148
tW
12
18
~
10
40
3f>.i
I
2
2
6
12
17
12
.V)
13
.-k1
l»
1
2
7
2
2
6
6
78
31)
n
34
11
43
06
151
12
6
5
I
3
5
4
ai
1T2
08
\»
10
2
If.
110
12
24
215
70
tUi
HO
IU6
00
47
2, .MO
425
212
2,374
1,000
-221
01
S37
I2K
124
2M5
213
280
170
117
27
42
176
112
071
no
»4
I.OfiO
3B8
00
30
116
608
rt&S
243
Hw
1>
83
.S35
44
113
20
00
170
:<8i
52
110
ra
207
54
142
53
100
137
351
20
170
lilO
ft. 007
221
1,270
1».7
1.303
2,180
4.126
:i41
3. 4.19
120
.'i05
75
240
550
1.108
.W
031
00
337
161
.547
143
*)09
77
.-)00
230
1.030
KO
•251
.S3
344
10
24
«7
237
57
140
73«
2.246
47
732
21)1
182
107
03»
241
.V55
40
257
56
140
27
141
»l
1.173
372
2.127
140
371
37
284
21
56
87
Tahic lo. — Number of Ojjvtisrs hnnnn li> ihr I'alirr, 19.^8, Cities Over 25,000
in i'optilation — ilontinueci
Criminal homicide
ForclbJe
raiH)
Rob-
bery
Aggra-
vate<l
assault
Bur-
glary-
break -
Ing or
enter-
ing
Lorccn}
-theft
City
Murder
and non-
negligent
man-
slaughter
Man-
slaugh-
ter by
negli-
gence
$50 and
over
Under
$50
I'hila(lcli)hla, Pa
117
17
4
27
1
1
3
4
1
104
17
2
67
3
2
666
33
5
94
1
1
2
4
2.334
202
17
884
2
13
8
25
6
33
12
2
36
341
25
92
3
6
7
127
5
40
8
7
15
3
19
3,286
258
51
671
4
11
35
35
6
43
6
8
23
98
21
322
4
18
13
153
io"
3
3
23
6
348
10. 874
1,751
202
4.499
114
188
232
302
.59
658
209
139
3a3
2,766
313
511
62
132
148
1,876
64
320
171
275
222
86
415
69
277
204
619
159
385
205
62
52
531
210
1,605
54
673
628
ia5
1.179
87
115
337
87
142
108
65
143
169
370
1,292
227
161
193
139
1,301
5,779
1,418
47
2,378
73
103
147
323
30
245
131
66
277
2,097
209
307
25
89
59
1,287
32
278
143
108
136
66
228
87
196
96
353
229
314
64
66
34
216
181
737
47
474
278
55
663
40
218
226
125
66
40
76
63
207
144
1,119
161
64
163
85
1,017
9,719
3,973
423
3,316
230
304
707
723
189
894
332
658
1.104
6.299
718
1,045
84
3S9
50
2.974
743
1.174
657
536
1.078
274
876
19i
686
468
962
480
721
138
152
273
1,843
302
2.840
60
1,585
1,203
360
2.945
2S9
.'i26
7S3
150
251
179
224
777
608
1,329
3,951
1,607
208
894
676
4,637
riuM'filx, Ariz
I'inc HhifT, Ark
I'lttslxiriili. Pa
I'ittsflrlil, Mass
I'lainneld, N.J
rooitcllo, Idaho
I'on(-,i CItv, Okla
I'ontl:ic. Mich
4
4
1
1
4
33
3
16
Port .\rtlmr, Tex
1
I'ort Huron, Mich
I'drtlaml. Maine
I'(irll:iii<l. OrpR .-
10
25
1
4
I'ortsiiioiitli. Ohio.
Portsmouth. Va .. .
12
I'ottstown. Pa
I'mit'likcepsie, N.Y
I'ricluircl, Ala
2
7
2
3'
6
2
2
1
2
4
5
Providence, R.I. .
Provo, Utah
Pueblo, Polo ... . ..
5
gniiicv. 111
(^uincv, Mass
Kaclne, Wis
1
1
6
1
5
1
7
Hal.ich, N'.C
Rapid ritv, R. Dak
ReadiriR, Pa
2
2
2
i
4
3
14
8
24
6
81
16
8
11
22
6
34
1
Redlands. Calif
Redondo Heach, Calif
Redwood City, Calif
Reno, N'l'V .. .
2
1
6
1
3
Revere. Mass
Richfield. Minn
Richland, Wash
1
99
6
383
62
129
54'
12
6
41
2
08
34
2
9
35
8
76
179
2
12
10
109
Richmond, Calif
1
1
28
1
28"
6
1
38
70
16
223
1
23
22
2
54
2
10
14
2
3
2
Richmond, Ind ...
Richmond, Va
Rldpewood, N.J
Riverside, Calif
6
9
1
6
3
3
2
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
15
Roanoke, Va
Rwhester, Minn
Roclnster, .N.Y
Rock Hill, S.C
Rock Island, 111
4
10
1
2
1
1
Rockford. Ill ...
Rockvllle Centre. N.Y
Rocky Mount, N.C
Rome. On
6'
2
Rome. N.Y
Ro.<yvlllo, Mich
1
1
12
2
16
6
9
268
31
6
1
92
Roswell. N. Mex
i*
2
2
4
20
3
Itoval Oak, Mich ...
Sacramento, Calif
SaRlnaw, Mich
Salem, Mass
Salem, Oreg
3
8
21
Salliia, Kans
Salt Lake City, Utah
3
2
88
Tal»l«- I'l. — Ni</m/»«t
>/ O0riisr.> hinntit /«» tin- l'»liri\ I'f.Ht. i'.itifs (hrr J.'t,0()0
iit Pftpn la I inn— i'ttutiiiunl
Olinlnalliotiilrltlo
Cliy
Miirdor
and non-
lU'KllKOIt
lUIUI-
slauKlitiT
Miui-
sIuukIi-
tor by
iicull-
Rt'IlW
Kon-lhlf
ru|M>
Rol>-
f)ory
val<<l
Mui-
Klury—
hrciik-
liiK <ir
Int!
Laro'iiy — tlirfl
$.V)untl
over
liKlir
Sun Angolo, TfX
San Atilonlo, Tox
San lliTnardliu), Calif.
Sun Dl.^o. Cullf
Sun Knmrlsco, Calif. ..
San Jos«\ Calif
San I.can<lro, Calif.
San Mal«'«>, Calif
Sainlii.sky, Ohio
Santa .\nu, Calif ..
iiiia Harhara. Calif
■ I Clara. Calif...
I K.', N. .\l.'x. .
> .Monica. Calif .
1 Uo.sa. Calir
Kla
. «ia.
... l-a
Wash
.N.Y.
i;a. Mo
1. Ala
' r llflKhts. Ohio.
•n, l*a
tuv, Okla
.. Wis.
, La
.; i, Iowa
KaH.1, 8. Dak.
, MU.SS
I. In.l ..
. . ,..Uil. Ohio.
ii liale. Cullf ..
< Maine....
.■!«), Calif
iKhWil. 111.
, ;.:iKfl.|.|. .Mass
.-Iirititrnilil, Mo
Sprlia-t'.l.l. Ohio
•St. Clair Short-s. Nlldl.
81. Clou.l, .Minn ....
St. Jo!u-|.h. Mo
8t. Ixinis, Mo
St. I^iii.-i Turk. Minn
8t. I'anl. -Minn
81. PplrrsLunr. Kla...
'(onl. ( Onii
>- ■'-. Calif
Wis ..
\.Y ..
- Wash .
rnil.'i! ,-..•<•, Fin.,
4
•22
17
.M
H4
3"
2
M
2
2
3
1
4
4
13
1
7
16
1
7
4
20
03
1
1
10
2UI
.W
2S.S
I.5IM
U2
32
IH
10
2ft
13
HI
5
N
108
11
15
.122
78
HIM)
91
337
1.217
28
0
15
2«
.V)
.■>!
(I
.1
W
3U
372
5
21
1(»7
289
4.2UU
blNl
l.HNO
«.0K7
r34
378
372
1)5
424
303
184
3»1
U13
132
32«
fil9
193
321
4.505
9 U M
11 lU 185
Only 6 months n-colved
4 91
4 140
3
220
28
2
15
30
8
2
5
2.222
1
IW.
117
10
34
4
20
2.432
100
.W
427
204
171
110
202
ti25
48
.MO
KO
45
271
825
375
8»4
329
236
228
50
148
0.543
71
1.777
967
513
187
37
H5tt
143
142
103
610
587
118
141
I.<103
.'.90
2.424
2.303
1.231
285
287
1-28
144
239
162
230
1.301
75
102
577
155
100
2.376
13
50
722
6.»i00
1.731
.'.. 171
11.914
3,344
1.040
1.3.14
383
1.171
020
304
613
1.778
<i88
380
810
174
635
8,338
312
300
67
2.16
42
282
.W
446
11
.19
366
1,618
257
1,350
201
7.14
198
328
228
576
38«i
1.794
44)
65
.105
683
14
213
76
172
90
508
.111
3.126
200
8.13
70
769
145
705
84
6.10
360
.183
68
391
00
441
4. .183
17.417
133
289
8.13
4.897
265
1.009
2.18
.120
75
532
26
113
803
1.765
135
280
116
385
43
fi«7
7.13
2.417
553
2.235
72
231
89
lal)!*- 1.
■"Siinihrr of OJfrtisf.H Knimn la the I'ttl'nr
ill I'optiluliuii — (^uiitiiiueil
1958, Citirs Over 25,000
Criminal homicide
Forcible
rape
Rob-
bery
Aggra-
vated
assault
Bm--
glary—
break-
ing or
enter-
ing
Larceny— theft
City
Murder
and non-
negligent
man-
slaughter
Man-
sluugli-
ter by
negli-
gence
$50 and
over
Under
$50
Auto
theft
30
5
4
24
1
182
2
3
4
31
7
5
308
70
)nly 4 n
1
87
12
84
89
3
3
13
16
8
4
1
9
6
8
9
32
645
9
1
48
14
10
14
202
36
onths re
1
134
33
114
162
74
9
9
22
3
69"
5
12
3
26
2,260
171
111
118
511
101
118
1,757
650
;clved
53
850
203
1,033
1.750
231
141
164
262
147
44
26
202
76
184
263
135
1,060
52
78
61
202
76
77
1,639
282
27
348
100
370
1.257
209
61
109
23
234
102
30
142
40
120
52
268
3,751
318
218
414
865
101
500
4,297
1.647
71
799
217
2.664
2,905
166
415
383
165
450
196
70
795
185
677
356
852
608
Taunton, Mass
42
33
Teniplo, Tex
Terrc Haute, Ind
3
3
3
5
10
7
4'
2
1
67
110
33
Texas City, Tex
6"
8
1
21
5
32
ToU-<lo, Ohio
563
Toi)rkrt. Kans
Torrance, Calif
79
Torrin^ton, Conn
11
Trenton, N.J
10
4"
11
7
3"
5
is
13'
20
280
Troy, X.Y
135
621
Tulsii, Okla
540
Tuscaloosa, Ala
34
Tyler, Tex
3
1
1
45
Union, N.J
Union City, N.J
1
6
2
43
121
University City, Mo
42
13
Upper Arlington, Ohio
8
2
1
133
Urbana, 111 ...
19
Uticrt. N.Y
1
2
1
8
1
2
160
\'al<i()sta, Oa.
53
Vall.jo, Calif
109
Vancouver, Wash
1
1
1
2
4
18
2"
1
58
5
8
3
51
4
25
1
639
9
11
1
20
4
3
22
1
2
3
9
9
9
192
14
15
2,329
12"
12"
7
52
1
1
1
4
99
175
98
946
138
192
351
3,316
30
478
212
199
164
169
189
39
104
47
20
104
114
123
138
45
rewived
121
366
64
34^1
163
ved
1,015
117
125
54
186
105
165
369
1,548
60
162
52
141
74
84
l.M
36
76
42
15
119
(>5
36
68
10
1
87
111
46
155
328
685
374
292
120
1,532
352
412
427
5.294
182
560
414
387
156
263
518
443
297
175
32
764
138
102
152
60
259
612
147
513
471
3,448
37
56
XicksliurK, Miss
3
7
1
2
1
24
143
Wiiltii;im, .Mass
62
\\'<irriii. Oliio
2
112
W M\^ Ick, K I
M
\Vu.shint;tou, D.C
74
18
1,723
44
Wjitrrliurv, Conn .
1
1
3
4
1
i'
6
361
\\ iit.rford 'Iwp., Mich
Waterloo, Iowa
31
76
40
48
\V:iiikiKan. Ill
1
1
1
2
i
i
1
103
\Viiu>iiu, Wis
31
\Vau\v:itosa, Wis
Web.ster droves, Mo
43
12
Welrton, W.Va
5
West .\lll.s, Wis
10
14
61
West Covlna, Calif
Wf.st Murlford, Conn
1
2'
1
1
19
14
2
1
30
W'eM Mimin, Pa
i
2
35
West New York, N.J
West Orange, N.J
Cc
2
3
)mplete c
2
26
1
25
15
lata not
1
34
1
18
54
45
Wist Palm Heaeh, Fla
e
1
71
36
Wheelinc, W.Va
2
95
White Plains, N.Y
87
Whitller, Calif
61
6
25
No reiwrts rece
81 1 219
Wichita, Kans
359
See fooinotos lit end of tiibli
DO
Tnl»lr l.H. — \ntiihrr nf (fjfriisrs Kiumii la llw I'ttlirr. 1'>.'>H, C.ilirs Our J.'i.tKHI
in I'tt/tiihilitni — < '.out iiiii<-<l
City
Wlihlta Kails T.
WlIk.-s-Hiirrr. Pa
W tIkliisluirK. I'a
WlllUmisixiri, I'm
WUmttti-, 111...
Wllmliittton, 1). 1
WllinlnKton, \ «'
\Mls<jn. N.C
\V liiuiiit, Minn
WInstonSah'iii, .\.C.
Wiiliiirn, Ma«>
\Vo<«ll.rl.lKi', N.J.
\Vo«jn>tHk(i, HI
Worct'stor, Miu-i-s
>Vyan<lott«', MIcto
Yakima, Wash
Yonk.rs, N.V
York, I'll
YouiiK-'town, Ohio.
Zaiipsvlll.', Ohio...
Ci liniiial liunilcUto
Miinlcr
and nnn-
noKlli;<-nt
man-
•ilaiiehlcr
Foiflhli'
raiH'
Kub-
bory
2
9
a
41
3
»
18
28
120
14
.\KKra-
vatxl
H.<saiilt
307
3
3
3
•J
24
49
35
21
1
Hiir-
Rlary—
liri'ak-
UiR or
cnlrr-
IllK
430
1«12
m
ix;
N3
017
4<K2
103
23
488
45
189
174
1,318
191
276
323
318
784
194
Larceny- Ihi-ft
$Mancl
over
347
74
34
l)V4
Ul
384
ItM
14
28
188
34
W2
114
473
79
232
119
138
ti23
133
l.'adcr
2.017
278
203
298
x.rM
7«2
234
130
973
127
liil)
237
1.379
.175
1.7.'>3
1.085
744
1.281
483
.\ni<>
Hurt
.-X13
142
20
12
217
31
.18
92
84K
\r,r,
ua
:«J3
131
215
SI
' Larivnlcs nut s«-parat«'ly n'|H)rtfHl. Fltinn- llslnl ini'lii<li's Imtli major ami minor larrfnlcs.
» Th»' crime rfjK>rtln(j for tin- city liulli-.itcil dot's not miN't aii'c[iialili' standards cstaMlsht'd by the Com-
lulttw on I'nlform Crime Keeonls of the International Ass<xiatlon of Chiefs of Police.
• Complete lanvny IlKures are not available.
* PoIIoinI by till' Nassau County Polli-e Deiwrtnient; crime llinires not sojMrately rejiorted for Valley
Stri'ani.
Tabic 16. — .\uiiilnr nj (fjffvnsrs hnituii /«* //w I'lliii- in Juristliilitiits Oiit.siili-
tlw I nited States. 1958
Juri<Mllcllon r<>porting
Criminal homicide
Murder,
non-
noRllKent
man-
slaughter
Man-
slaughter
by negli-
gence
Larceny— theft
-VKpra-
Bur-
ghiry—
Forcible
Rob-
vuted
break-
raix.'
bery
assault
higor
Over
Under
enter-
$50
$50
ing
fl
20
17
121
172
.582
12
14
38
230
310
215
1
1
2
22
11
31
)°i
13
131
76
120
1
9
180
36
»J59
14
85
40
3.454
1.179
6.217
8
8
<
749
2.54
1.475
1
3
63
12
265
I
2
165
21
357
4
9
4
268
95
600
.\ulo
theft
Alaska
'y
f Terrl-
Juii.au Cuy
Ouani: .\Riu)a..
Uawuli:
Hawaii County.-.
Honolulu City
IIoiimIiiIu ( iiiuity.
K • V . . . .
Isthi' ,
ZoDl-.
: 11 u: Canal
125
3-28
as
14
1.123
1.52
4
21
21
iU
ifiv. .SV'.v (iikI Ritcc nf l*t'rs(tns .irrrslrtl
Iiiforiimlioii rt'^ardin<2: the poisoiial cliaracleristics of arrested
persons presented here is derived from the aiimial reports prepared by
eity police. As was pointed out above, efforts have been initiated to
broa<k>n this series to cover the rural areas (see the section on "The
Consultant Committee and lis Keeommendations," p. 15). Tlie
figures include persons arrested and later released as well as those held
for prosecution under a formal charge. Instructions also provide
that all person,s arrested be reported opposite the charge embracini:
the violation prompting their arrest, regardless of theii' age or the fact
that some technical charge such as "wayward minor" may be formally
filed.
92
/§
M iM <oo <eo M
82 :
lIMFlilfT
ill ^^un
oc — 4 «
-•>o te set
§l?i
MO M«C CO
^ CO w po I"" •■* ro
1 o « a tc
"5-iii
"i a — ■ w
SSSi 5
^"isi
Ills =
«wo» ^ «* oa
C T T o> o
^Hi\
— t» « a; -«
'8 S--==
lO^p'Tsp r ill 1 2
? 5 § 5 1^ - S3 53 S 5 1? § '
B rt o5 S i» w « -^ «r -r ■£ u'. 2 f» fc
sS S SS kS ^^ Srl'*^
m" n n N N V V M o' s oc ac ;^' jj
a;2 f^^ 2s SSSr"5r5 a? » s a ~
88 S 38 25Ss>r'S.f5]t ="
35?* * «'* P.«S5« — af5 — w
N oT C5 — ' "-' V I-
— " e>» o" t>« M — " V ad
CO — ■ o> 00 ^ •*" i~
«S S SI'' 2"^ voa e>«p« — c 55
coS ■» SS Su^l^^o 3SSr2«
>»• — o" i-^w •cod
»C r«. ^^ — C tC C** T l-» 't* C* W — 31 CS
Ot- t 9?2 I- ": — « <o lo oa>rt » o
S«M 00-" 00 ^J?fO o6t-«c: —
o> -^ 00 a — « «»-> — »
S £ n oi 5;s^i~s
-« N M «r-«
— " N
: rjoegi
isiS S
-< •♦oom
«
S!
8 1
•D
•o
t
«
l»
8|
■C-5
• 1
c —
^1
—" 5C"o"«o"
e s?
0» t» t-MP9
lli" B M
» lo a>iQ
i--e>« g c o
r^ M? o -^ «0
-" «' 5 3> ic — " ?o r^ V »
OS ri aC lo 2
-« t, j5» «s5Sig-
S8 |^**S
ft. . M
B ; e
S ' >>
i2 fcf
c Z
Z C M— = 3 = C 5 V
c mC:
es-<o
8
tllllll
u. u. i. o /:
2£
2 u
Is
2 s;
? i^£^^
:zi EHr=
93
Tiililr IH. — \iiinhrr nitil Pvrifitlitiif itf irrrsis itf Pvrstnts I luU-r IH. I tnU-r 21,
iitnl I inltT !'.» ^ fur.s nf li.'#'. I't.iH: I ..'tHh ritirs «»r#'r 2,500, Inlnl imjittlitlum
52.:{2<f. ft:
.Number <i( jM-rsons arrestwl
I'ercvntage
oitfii.M- cliiirin'cl
TOTAl
I'nder
18
I'nder
21
I'nder
25
Inder
18
I'nder
21
I'nder
25
TOTAl .
2.340.004
S84.215
460.015
685.654
12.1
19.7
29.3
Cririiiiiiil lioinicidf:
nil Miirdir hiuI iiiiniu't!liK<-nt
2,303
i.iee
14.968
25. 824
82.454
61.045
118.325
30. 240
19. 489
5.504
11.317
3.680
17. 482
24. 517
9.863
18.611
23. 701
52. 707
102. 219
281.997
908. 957
88. 351
61. 546
96. 740
276. 998
130
78
3.415
2, 340
6, .121
M). 460
.17. :i89
19.386
477
1, 7(K)
7<)7
f.82
195
4.267
376
3,072
291
9,494
618
27. 765
7,748
4. .188
575
17. 589
84.292
317
2(r2
6.496
4. .15*9
13. 578
39, 709
72. 051
Zi. 9H2
1..129
2. 510
1,9.10
L.IOtt
1.431
6.826
1.447
5, 522
1.799
21.. 165
4.434
57. 8.13
31.067
11.711
2.446
3.1. 20t>
1 10. 276
.193
3.18
9.429
8.016
2.1, .113
46. 766
82.418
26. :*f.9
3. 924
3. 195
3.840
2.249
.1. 104
10. :<B4
3. 4.19
8.494
.1..345
25. .137
1.1.044
9«i.(W6
85. 405
19.671
7. .i:u
51.172
139. 792
.1.6
0.7
22.8
9.1
7.9
49.9
48.5
64. 1
2.4
30.9
6.8
18.5
1.1
17.4
3.8
16.5
1.2
18.0
.6
9.8
.9
5.2
.9
IK. 2
:«i.4
13.8
17.3
43.4
17.8
10. 5
6.1.0
0O.9
79.3
7.8
4.1.6
17.2
41.0
8.2
27.8
14.7
29.7
7.6
40.9
4.3
20.5
3.4
13.3
4.0
36.4
39.8
2.1.7
(l>) MimsliuiuhtiT by ncfjli-
UllMl-
Kolil.cry
30.7
63.0
Vj!i!rHvntpd as.sault
31.0
31.0
Murt'liiry— Jircakiiig or entering
76. i;
69.7
\uiiiiii(rt - -.-
87.2
2U. 1
stoKn propiTty; buying, receiving,
ete -
58.0
;«. 9
61. 1
Prostitution and commereialized
vice -
Other sex offenses (Includes statu-
29.2
42.3
Niircotic drug laws .- -..
Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc.
OlTen.ses against family and chil-
3.1. 1
4.1.6
22.6
48.5
Oriviiip while intoxicated
14.7
34. 1
0.4
22.3
12.2
52.9
All oilier olTenses
50.5
94
Tahli- l'>. — trrrst I'rrinls l'/S7-5H: l.2:iH i ilirs ihi-r l',.)«« in I'ft/mhil Itm , inlttl
I'npiitatiun t3,6SH,M3
OlTt'iisi' fhnnntl
TOTAL
Orlmfniil homicUlo:
(n) Murder ami nonn(>f!lli;ent man-
sliuiKhtcr
(b) Mansliuit:hter by ncKligencc —
R<.».»..rv
Avprnviiifil nssault
Otlur iisMiiilts
Hur?lnr> - breaking or entering.
1 .n rr«> n y - t hr f t
Autotheft
Kmberili'iiifHt antl traud
Stolen proporty; buying, receiving, etc.
Korpery and counterfeiting
Korcibif ra|>e
Prostitution and commercialired vice..
Otlier s«'X olTen.s«'S (includes statutory
rape)
Number of persons arrested
Under 18 years of ago
10.17
Narcotic dni(f laws
\Vea|>on.<; c-arryinp, possessing, etc...
OlTen.s«>!: acainst family and children.
I.i<|Uor laws
Driviiit: while intoxicated.
ni.>iorilerly ctinduct
Drunkeiint-ss
Va^nincy
Oamhling
Suspicion
All other offenses.
Sa3,491
103
58
2,(V41
1.809
4.732
23.080
45.414
17,8«0
377
1,082
.S83
702
116
3.103
238
2,346
293
6,665
520
24.211
5.783
3,766
528
14.0(>(
62,298
841.468
97
61
2.685
l.s:{8
5,429
25,753
48.678
16, .V)9
422
1,448
041
461
155
3,630
312
2, ,198
274
8,195
.502
24.003
6. .504
4,141
477
14.439
72, 167
IVrcent
change
•+8.1
-6.8
+5.2
+1.7
-3.2
+14.7
+7.4
+7.2
-7.4
+ 11.9
+33.8
+9.9
(')
+33.6
(')
+31. 1
+ 10.7
-6. 5
+23.0
-3.5
-.9
+ 12. 5
+10.0
-9.7
+3.1
+15.8
Total all ages
1.8M.862
1,874
98.J
10. 9,54
20. .'.<»li
68. IW
43. H«i5
90. .595
2»i. (1X8
14. .525
3. .5as
7.640
3.788
14. 091
21. ia>
7,946
14.489
20. .585
3«'>. ta7
87. 4.59
232. l«7
78l.,58t)
74,835
43.199
75. 8»)5
203,257
1,955,081
1,864
911
12.025
21. 149
72. 126
.50.3«»8
100. 220
25. 4.12
17.115
4. .5.37
9.31(1
2. 705
14,271
21,. 583
8.295
1.5.487
21.. 517
41.699
83.829
2:«. 4."^^)
7.54. 526
78. 404
44. 046
84. 117
23t), 075
I'ercent
chantte
+2.S
-0.5
-7.3
+9.8
+2.7
+ .5.0
+14.7
+ 10.6
-2.4
+ 17.8
+29.3
+21.9
(')
-2.9
(»)
+4.4
+6.9
+4.5
+ 13.8
-4.2
+.6
-3.5
+4.8
+2.0
+ 10.0
+16.1
' Arrc-its of pensons under IS years of age increased 12.6 percent In 008 cities under 25,000 and 7.1 percent
in 3;tO riti. = nv.^r 2.'.nno in (wpulation.
5 I \ i»lTen!«' flpure."! for 1957 and 1958 arc not eomparahio individually since beginning in
I9.'.v . iou!ily included «.< rape wiLs includi'd as oihor se\ otTea-ses. Combining the,<e clu.-i.'ws,
rsi>' . ii.-ics increased 5.0 iwrcenl among the youths and decreased 2.5 perci'nt in the total
lor all iigi .<.
95
Till. I. m. — IHslrihiill,,,, ,,f irr, sl> l,y SVr. I'f.'tH: /..T«6 Cilits Our 2, .',00, Inlal
I'niHilfilinn .)!'.. Vl'V, i'fT
OITt-nso clmrKtvi
TOTAl
Criminal liomiciile:
(h) MiinliT ami [iiiiiii(-Kli»!i-ni iiian-
slaiinhlcr
(h) Matislaiijtliti'r by negiiuenpe
Uohhery
Ak.'k.'ravuted assault
oilier assaults
Uiirulary— breaking or entering
I.iini'iiy— theft
Auto theft
Knihezz lenient and fraud
Stolen iiroperty; buying, receiving, etc.
Forgery and counterfeiting
Korcible rape
I'rostilution and commercialized vice..
other sex olTenses (includes statutory
rape)
Narcotic drug laws
W capotis; carrying, possessing, etc
oiTciiscs against family and children...
LiniKir laws _.
1 iriving while intoxicated
I >isorderly conduct
Drunkenness
\ aurancy
(ianibling
Sus[iicion
All other olTenses
Numl>er
TOTAI Mule Female
8,340,004
2,303
1,166
14,968
25.824
82,454
61,045
118.325
30. 240
19. 489
5,504
11,317
3.680
17. 482
24. 517
9.863
18,611
23, 701
52, 707
102.219
281. 997
908. 957
88.351
61.546
96. 740
276, 998
8,091,56ft
1,H44
14. 21)fi
21. 7««
74, ,V12
59. 572
KlI.HKi
^^•.>. 2x2
l(i. 7|(<*
5,078
9, B12
3,680
5,412
19, .%5
8,249
17. 675
21. 671
44. 654
96,782
239,582
841,440
81,6;J7
5.5, m>
86, 730
2:«, 874
848,439
4. '.9
111
672
4.0.V,
7. H92
1, 473
16.979
9.'i8
2.780
426
1. 705
4. 922
1.614
936
2, ():«)
8, {)Xi
5. 437
42.415
67.517
6.714
6. (is7
1(1.01(1
43. 124
I'erccnt
TOTAl Male Female
I 100.0
(')
.6
1.1
3.5
2.6
5.1
1.3
.8
.2
.5
1.0
1.0
2.3
4.4
12.1
38.8
3.8
2.6
4.1
11.8
> 100.0
.1
.1
.7
1.0
3.6
2.8
4.8
1.4
.8
.2
.5
.2
.3
1.0
2.1
4.6
11.5
40.2
3.9
4.1
11.2
■ 100.0
(')
1.6
3.2
6. H
.4
1. I
4.9
2.0
2.2
17. 1
27. 2
2.7
2.5
4.0
17.4
• Bec-au.<e of rounding the sum of the individual cla.ssifications may not add to precisely l(H).l) i>ercent.
» Less than one-tenth of 1 percent.
!M)
'I'alil»- 21.— irrists /» Karr. I'K'tH, I ,.tH(i Cilirs (htr 2,r>tHK
52,329,497
I nitil I'njHilal itni
OlTt'iis*' rImrRfvl
TOTAL
Oiininitl homicldo:
(ii) Miirdpr un<i noiiii(>Kli|;pnt
niiinsliiiiclilcr
(b) Miiii.sliiiij:liti'rl)y negligence
RoblxTy
AKKTiivatCHi iissault
Otiior lusyniills
Uurglnry— breuking or entering.
Larceny- 1 licft
Aulo tiled
Kinbc/rleinfiit and fraud
Stolen property; buying, receiving,
et« «
Forgerv and rounterfeiting
Koriiiile rajK?
I'rostitution and cotnmercialized
vlit)
Other »ex otTenses (includes statu
tory rape)
N'uroot Ic drup laws
WeaiHins, carrying, iwssessin^, etc.
0(Ten.ses against family and children
Liquor laws
Driving while intoxicated.
IlLstirderly conduct
Prunkennc&s
Vagrancy
Tf ambling
Suspicion
All other olTenses.
TOTAL
9.840,004
2.303
1,160
14.908
3i. 824
82.464
01,045
118. S95
30,240
19,489
5. MM
11.317
3,680
17,483
S4,il7
9.86.1
18.611
33,701
82, 707
102,219
281. 997
906,957
88,351
61.546
96.740
276,998
Race
NVIillo Ni'Kro Indian
1,683.070
MO
(KM
fi. 7:V2
0. ()7S
i\ MO
41,7.M
80. JUi
23. tVUl
1.'), MH
3,666
0.580
1,821
0,194
17,079
3,807
», t)7S
15,118
34.158
84. WO
1«1.721
67H. N'.M
64,6<>5
1.1. 820
6.'*. 231
193, 254
096.900
1.427
245
8.034
16,389
3.1. 733
18, 623
36, M2
6, 135
3,782
1.765
l.ft.S3
1.707
7.885
7,058
5.740
9.6«3
8.378
17.877
1R.068
11.1. 171
Ut.l.O.ll
20,9,10
46.767
32.711
80,635
43,196
8
7
72
75
311
343
678
227
48
23
52
9
110
105
17
56
71
453
1.008
2.301
3;<,017
1,929
3
579
1,624
Chi-
nese
1,262
34
13
7
21
16
s:}
297
97
341
42
99
Japa-
ni'M
296
16
17
128
24
8
10
28
All
others
16, 051
24
8
1Z<
2S0
.140
297
643
149
38
2Ki
261
167
127
188
471
2. 704
6. .170
686
607
167
1,360
or
Poli<:c Employee Data
I alili- 22. — \iiinhfr of I'ltlira IPffmrl illfti I l:iii/tlnY4-i-.s hUli'il. I'f.'tT. hy (,»■<>-
Lintfthir Difisitms ami /'<>/>(< /<if ion (^rtnifm
f.iJH] .-Ittiw, tntiil |«>piiliirl<.n W2,K4.TJ^t]
TOTAL
'M|iiiliillofi t!roii|i
Oc(»^'rii|ililc ilivlslon
Oroup
Oroiip
II
Group
III
Group
IV
Group
Group
VI
NumlHT
Rate ruT
.S.O(K),0(10
inhatv
ttaiits
Over
'iMI.tKNI
KKi.iino
to
.■io.nnn
to
KIO.tKII)
lu
.10.(100
10.000
to
2A,IIU0
Lfs.s
than
IIMNIO
45
81
2.7
2
0.8
2
0.0
6
8.0
6
8.8
Rate per 5.000.000 inhabitants
8.2
8.7
3
9
9
4
4
3
5
1.4
1.9
1.9
2.5
1.8
3.1
2.6
1
1
Mi<|.|le MlMnlic
7
a
2
2
1
1
1
1
Ka.-il .\nrtli Central
2
\Ve,st North Central
1
K;isl South Central
West .•>oulh Central
1
2
1
I'lriflr ^
9
3 9 '
1
!
?
police ciliploN ('<■ tlilhl t riidit ioii.-illv collfcl cd ;i lililiallx !l> t)l' Aj)!'!! .10
is picsciitcd licic l'(»i' 19")S. ()l)\ iously, (lie jiNcra^e figures shown
!iic not intended to serve as su^rixested ])olice siren>rtli for any partic-
idiir eoninumity. Tliey merely reflect the police personnel situation
its it wiis oti A[)iil HO,
l";il»l«- 2."{. C.lfiliiiit I'ltliff Drfnirl nn-fi I l'',inpl<>yfi>s, I'f.iH I'rrtfii Inuf of lotiil,
hy P„i,,itnlU>ii Cnmit I'lrculnv
eirUinn
l'o|)iil.ili(iri (Ir(>ii|i: futplitytti
T(»t;il, all <'iti.-> _.
(Iroiip F ((t\<T •_'.")n,(M)())
i( )\.r I, ()()(»,()()())
(7 ")(),()()() 1,0(10, 000)
(.'lOO.OOO 7.")0,000i
(2.')0.()0() .")00,000) _
C'iroiip II ( 100.000 J.')!), 000)
Cruiip III (.")0,000 nio.oooi
(!ri)H|) I\' CJ.'), 000 .")0,000) fi. 7
(Jrotip V ( 10.000 2."),00(n 5. 5
(Iruiip \I (•J,.")00 10,000) 7.5
8.
t;
0.
1
1 .
•)
10.
.")
1 1.
• )
12.
8
10.
'.)
9.
1
DH
Tal>I«- 2>. — I'lill-liiiir I'olirr DriHirlim-ttl I'liiitlityi'i's, .Apr. HO, I'K^K, \initln'r
uinl Half I'tT I JKH) Inhiiltiliints, hy i'.rntiniphir Difisitms nitti I'ltpnluliim
|,I.7M .111.-. t..l ,1 [..ipiiliitioii 102,:<2l.'-'Ji
Ocoirrnphlr dlvLslon
TOTAL:
Number of police employees.
Aventge number of employees
per 1,000 inhabitants
New England:
NiiiiiU'r of i)<)li(i» employees
\veriit;t' niiiiil)er of employees
jHT l,<XH) iiili;il)itants
Middle Atlantic:
Niiml>er of i>olk-e employees
Average niiml»er of employees
per 1.000 inhiiliiUmts
East North Central:
Niiinl.or of iH)lice employees
Aver:n;o niimlH'r of employees
IHT l.tXHJ mhiibitiints
West North Central:
\iiinl>er of iMilit-e employees. . .
Averace niimlxr of employees
per 1.000 inhiihitanis
^ South Atlantic: •
.\utnher of police employees
* venipe niiml)er of employees
oer 1,000 inhabitants
Bastjonth Central:
NtiinU'r of iHilice employees
^ A Venice niimher of employees
/ per 1.000 inhabil4Ults
Weat South Central:
Number of jKilice employees .
Averape number i>f employees
per 1.000 inhabitants
Monntain :
Number of police employees
Averaite number of employees
per 1.000 inhabiunis
Paciflc:
Nuniher of police employees.
Averice number of employees
i«T 1.000 mhabitanls
TOTAL
182. 068
1.8
14.398
8.0
54,188
S.S
S9, 476
1.7
10, 931
1.4
19,780
1.8
6,382
1.3
11,643
l.S
4,631
1.4
20.639
18
Po|iulatlon Rroup
(iroup
I
Over
2.V),()U0
93,069
9.4
3,034
i.O
3«, 407
3.0
22,«)0()
2.3
4,829
1.9
7,499
2.6
1,672
1.3
.■), 032
1.4
816
1.5
11,090
•J 1
Oroup
II
100,000
to
2.V),000
20, 196
1.6
3. 7X2
2.3
3,307
1.9
3, a'i7
I. I
1. 1.50
1.2
3,175
1.5
1,371
1.5
l.fi38
1.2
842
1.5
I. 874
1 .',
(Iroup
III
50,000
to
100,000
17.509
1.&
2,096
1.8
3,t;i3
1.7
3. .-.74
1.3
S7I
1. I
2, ,>13
1.7
461
1.3
I, Ml
1. I
747
l.ii
1,963
1.5
Oroup
IV
25,000
to
50,000
17,329
1.4
2, .586
1.7
3.200
1.7
3,614
1.2
1,006
1.1
2,008
1.4
894
1.3
1,217
1.0
ti8l
1.2
2,063
1.4
18. 150
1.3
1,614
1.4
4,117
1.5
3,094
1.2
1,300
1.1
2,073
1.5
884
1.3
1,416
1.0
C71
1.2
2,282
1.0
Oroup
VI
tlian
10,000
15.815
1.3
686
1.3
3,394
1.3
2,937
1.2
1,670
1.1
2,482
1.6
1,100
1.3
1,299
1.0
874
1.3
1,3C7
1.8
1 In. lii.|.< the District of Columbia.
99
I alilt- 2.'). — \ II nihrr Iff ( i ti)'> I >«•«/ if/ I nlniliiliini> /f«-i:«ir»///i i; \ ii in Ikt ol I'niirf
IPrixirliiniil /./M/»/.»^ «•«•>, i/ir. .'10, l'K>H. iiiitl l'i,li,r hilh;l. /';.),"
TOTAL
FuiiulaliimKruup
Oi-o^'mi'liif Division
Group I
Oroup II
Oroup HI
50.000 tu
100,000
Group IV
25,0(XI to
.W.OOO
Oroup V
Group VI
Over
250,IH)0
100,000 to
250,000
lO.UK) to
25,000
I^SS tllUli
10,0(10
TOTAL:
Population repre-
sented .
Number of cities..
102. 324. 229
3.781
2:«i
743
805
41fi
4.'i6
234
394
186
:)17
39. 069. 939
46
12, 799, 953
86
11,748.435
173
12. 772. 97T
366
13. 857. 936
888
12.114.989
2.222
New Kiniliiiid: Total
popiihitioii. 7,UIU.5H2
Mi<l<lli- Allaiilic: Total
I.(i|iiilalioii.2:<..'H0.962
Kast North Ci'iilral:
Total |io|iulation,
2;t.272.;t70
Wi^i North Central:
Total population,
H.017,t'>34
1
7
10
5
5
3
7
1
11
13
15
6
14
6
9
3
'1
22
31
42
11
21
6
14
7
I'l
14
.55
84
28
39
21
35
17
71
174
210
81
88
46
88
38
81
4»l.'t
it4
2x:>
South Atlantic: Total
population. 10.885.140.
Kast South Ontral:
Total population,
4.sir>,97y
West .<(>uth Central:
Total population,
W.7.'>;<,22tj
2H«
1.S2
2-11
Mnniitain: Total pop-
iil:ition,3.362.%0
{'iiiilic: Total po|)ula-
lion, ll,,T(i«.37f.
12t)
117
100
Tnbit' 26. — ISuntfuT of Fiill-Timr l*nli< t- Dt-fturtnu-nt I'lnplnyvi's. ipr. .U). I^K'iH.
(ilifs itvvr 2.'i,(HK) in l'<niiiliili<m
City
NumlKT of imjIIco ilepartnicnt
MiU>loyiH«
City
Number of police dcimrtmcnt
em ploy PC*
TOTAI
Police
ofllcers
Clvlllan.s
TOTAL
Police
olDcers
ClvHlan»
ALABAMA
Antii>l<>ii . .
I»i'.>i.M'niiT
HirininKhain
I)<itliiin ...
4r>
443
40
34
103
66
252
191
29
43
:w
79
33
315
152
21
59
37
154
70
38
75
91
90
58
165
35
153
81
31
1.56
45
91
40
3.^
57
37
28
46
26.5
7b
42
162
44
64
55
86
505
5,675
36
31
29
57
37
42
50
30
39
794
67
4«
67
49
43
392
40
34
91
66
200
178
29
43
38
76
32
2X2
i:«
21
.56
36
146
70
35
71
78
84
48
1-2.5
31
144
74
24
136
41
81
35
34
.53
31
26
38
238
75
38
140
40
.58
51
71
449
4.478
33
29
27
46
34
39
47
M
36
674
52
41
64
4
3
51
CAUFORNIA—
Continued
Pa.sa(lenu.. ...
Pomona
Kedlands
He<lon<lo Bench .
KedwiKMl City
Kichinond
Hiversi<le .
Sacramento. .
San Hernardino —
San Dieito
San Franciiico
San Jose
San Leandro
San Mateo
IH9
HO
43
.55
48
147
113
281
176
VM
1,800
187
58
75
107
71
41
172
37
72
30
135
40
86
67
43
38
46
37
35
108
816
30
.34
109
409
56
40
60
1.3H
22
440
94
43
147
396
63
107
51
188
64
62
26.5
93
64
260
2. ''22
1.^3
6,5
39
.50
45
127
9H
1.59
Ml
1,697
176
.54
75
92
64
40
131
35
67
26
127
32
m
.58
42
35
43
34
35
95
693
27
28
100
357
54
40
57
125
22
397
91
42
1.36
372
60
\m
49
177
61
60
2.57
88
63
224
2, 32y
36
15
4
5
12
3
Iliintsville ...
20
M.il.ile
52
13
15
Montgomery
J'henix City
43
17
98
Sehnii . .
103
TuscaliHisa
ARIZONA
3
1
33
19
11
4
Mesa
Santa .\na
Santa Barbara
Santa (Mara
Santa .Monica
Santa f{osa
South (tate. .
South San
Francisco.
Stockton
15
7
Phoonix ....
1
Tucson.. . .
ARKANSAS
Kl Dorado . ..
41
2
5
4
3
1
8
8
Hot S|)rin«ts
I It tic Hook
8
Niirili I.ittlc Kock
Vallejo
9
I'm.' IlliiiT.
CALIFORNIA
3
4
13
6
10
40
4
9
7
7
20
4
10
5
4
4
6
2
8
27
3
4
22
4
6
4
15
.56
1.197
3
2
2
11
3
3
3
4
3
lao
s
5
3
Ventura
1
West Covina
Whittier
3
3
Alaine<ia
Alhanilira
COLORADO
a
Arci.lii
Bak.n-litld
naldwiii Purk
Colorado Springs ..
Denver
13
Berkeley
Beverly Hills
Englewood
3
6
9
Burbank
CONNECTICUT
Bridgeport
Chultt VisU
52
Bristol
2
Culver City
D«lv City
Eiu'it Hartford
(Jrwnwich
3
El Cajon
13
Fur- K
Fr.--
H art ford
43
Full. ■•
3
(>ar<l<iii .
Mid<lletown
New Britain
New Haven
New I,on<lon
Norwalk
1
11
II»wthorne
Uaywikrd
BunilnRton Park..
Jnplewrwwl
.ch
24
3
4
2
11
' Ii4
1 Stratford
3
1
2
.11 Beuch.
rk
! Wiii.rbiiry
1 We.-l Hartford
West Haven.
DELAWARE
WilniiiiKtciti
DISTRICT OF
COLOMBIA
Wasliington
8
5
1
lo
Park .
View ..
ilty
V
193
101
I ;il.l« :2(i. — \iiiiilt, r <>l I nil- I imi- I'lili, <■ I h i>ar I iiiin I l.nii)l,t\ii
I'.itivs ih'iT 2't,000 ill I'ltfiiihilitm — (ioiiliiiii«-<l
«/>r. .Ill, i<j:,h.
city
NuniJitT of iMillcc (Ifparliiiciit
i'iiipl«y(H'S
Clly
N'oioUt
if |H»llce depnrttncnl
employees
TOTAL
I'llllCf
otiicers
Civilian."!
TOTAL
I'ollce
onitvn*
Clvlllan>
FLORIDA
1 'li'iirwiiicr -
c.iral (i.ilili's
7>*
9.-1
lU
113
.Vl
1113
lit)
433
37
•ill
H17
■2:<\i
It)
41
112
39
131,
')»
317
ll.^
.".i
Id
()hd
1 •"■•.'
137
■2.H
42
r2;<
29
202
37
III
1."
3.H
.",3
12
It)
10. II. -1
13
!t<l
3S
94
74
32
130
•£<
3li
31
H4
:«)
31
I'l
M
m
7h
.VI
122
43
7.1
.11
370
37
«0
(ilH
19H
3.1
11.1
3H
100
3.1
1'20
«0
2H4
IIMi
.10
39
m.i
139
1-29
2H
41
41
122
2S
4.1
170
37
19
31)
14
1)7
37
.i:i
40
43
9, t>97
41
92
:w
«8
27
HI
rt7
32
iia
•23
:«
31
7«
•2W
31
^^
12
17
7
21
1.1
ILLINOIS— Con.
I'ark Korf!<l
I'ark HitlKf
j I'ckiii
21
2»i
2:<
171
4».
f.l
lid
VI
11.1
21
71
•2^
H.'.
43
1 3s
t).".
•2(M
2:it)
243
1.12
Klili
63
,VI
.12
4K
9<l
3.1
64
•204
93
•2:<
3.1
lot)
31
99
•227
,19
•28
Id
3t)
110
87
44
I HI)
40
IVi
3.-.
V.
91
.■>s.1
1)3
.VI
.19
J7
24
22
1.17
43
DO
132
48
100
21
67
24
7li
10
133
>>d
192
•^29
219
142
62
62
.10
.10
46
91
3.1
.IS
194
91
23
34
90
31
47
94
•201
.18
28
24
33
31
84
8fi
:<8
I4S
•22
34
11.1
•>fw.
:«
92
.118
.16
47
.18
1
2
1
K.irt l.iiiKltriliilc .
1 i:iirii'.^\ illf
! I't'iiria
Quincy
17
3
ULil.vih
llollvWlKMl -
Kdck I.sland
K.K-kfortl
Skokit' . .
4
•)
Ki\ Wi'St
Sprinicflt^l'l - -
1.1
I.ikfland
6
22»
61
11
S
«
12
4
Ifi
4
63
9
1
1
77
13
8
" |i
I
10
32
I rlmna.
Miiiuii
Miiiiiii Hfiich .
Nrirlh Mi;iiiii . . .
"rliidili)
Waukt'Kan
Wilidcllc. . .
INDIANA
j AihIitsdii
Bldoiiiinnton.
Ka.sl Chlcatso
Elkharl. ..
Rvansvillc. .
Fori Wayne ..
<!ary
4
4
l':iii)iiim City
9
3
SI. I'cUTshiirR
Talliilukssoe
Tmiiim
5
.1
NNC-^t I'alrii Hcach..
GEOBGIA
L't
IM
Mtiiiriv
Indianapolis
III
\llicns...
Lafayette. ... . ..
.Marion
.MichiKan City
Misliawaka
1
Mhinlii
\ii(riista
.,
1 'iiliimbus..
o
Oc'catur -
s
Kiist Pdint
New Albany.
,;
Macon
Marietta
Soiitli Bend
Terre Haute
IOWA
Ami.-
Biirliiixion
Cedar Kapids
Clinton .. - - .
Council Hlutf.s.
l)a\t-n|iorl . .
Dis Moines
Id
Home
.•Savannah
Val<ld.ma
IDAHO
Hoisi- . .
11
4
1
10
k
418 '
2
7
1
ID
M.ilio Falls
I'liCaU'llo
6
.1
ILLINOIS
1
Fort Dodge
Iowa City... . ---
Ma,«.n City,
\lton
I
\iirora
~
hrllcville
-
ItiTW VII.
Sioux ( 'ilv
2i)
Hlooiiiiti^cton
< 'li.'iiii|iait;ii
I'liicaKo
Waterloo
KANSAS
Hutchinson.
Kansas City
Lawrence
Saliiia
Topeka
WichilM
KENTUCKY
Ashland . ...
CoviiiKlon.
I.«\iiiKlon
Louisville .
Newport
Owi'nslioro
I'adlK'.ih
1
< liicauo HeiKhts. .
1 'iccro
Daiivilli"
6
3.S
Hi'Catlir
9
3
Dis I'lainM
6
K ist .'^1. Louis
13
7
3.1
6.1
K\aiislnn
23
Krct'iMirl
"ialc.xluirK..
• iratiih' City
loli.'l
3
8
'i
H '
2
10
2
K:iiikaki>e
67
.MuwvimkI
7
Molint-
3
Oak I'aric
1
Ki-J
Tablf 26. — .\tiniln'r nf Fiill-'l'inn- I'ltlirf Ih-fnirtttirnt /■,»n/)/«>\ r/-s. f/»r. 30, I'KIH,
i'itiv.s OiiT 23,000 in I'tipnlntion — < .oiil iiiiM-d
City
LOUISIANA
AlcxMri'lrin
Union KoiiRe
Bossier City
L.ifaycite
I.iike (hiurles
Monroe
Now Orleans
ShreveiK)rl
MAIHS
Aiitnirn
nmiRor
l.ewiston
I'orl limit
South I'ortland
MABYLAND
Annnpolls
Hiiltiinore
f'un)l>crland
HiiKenitown
MASSACHUSETTS
Arlington
AltU'txiro
Belmont
Beverly
Boston
Brnintree
BriHkton
Brookline
rnnit>ri'l(fe
Chelsei
rtiKTipee
Everett
FiH K;ver
un.
r
;:iinster
ell
;i
'ord
I'tOO
!*.„
;•!_
'. n..
,ih
Woi.ufii. ..........
Worrester. „
mCHIQAH
Allen r>rk
Add Arbor
Number of |)ollr4> (!e|wrtnicnt
employees
TOTAL
23.%
22
3(1
1, 1311
■2>\
.W
flO
124
31
3,0M
06
.S8
87
40
43
.S?
3,034
48
101
14.1
240
7.1
8fl
113
25«
74
46
.11
74
11.1
142
32
173
188
118
no
40
29
3.1
233
39
43
87
IAS
84
83
IM
372
A4
94
7«
72
V,
4m
Police
ofllcers
211
22
46
3.1
.10
1.06.1
186
26
49
•V.
lOH
31
39
2,800
m
Clvlllun.^
264
6
4
78
9
39
1
40
3
57
2.H26
208
46
2
96
5
137
8
230
10
70
5
H3
3
110
3
239
17
67
(
46
49
2
72
2
113
2
133
9
30
2
164
9
179
9
118
106
4
47
2
29
34
1
220
13
39
42
1
82
.1
1.18
7
79
5
76
e
16A
3.10
22
61
3
90
4
70
e
70
2
3.1
3<Q
41
42
City
MICBIQAN— Con.
Hill III" Creek
Hay Citv
Henion lliirbor...
HirliiinKliHiii
Dearborn
Detroit. .
Kiist Detroit
Kast I.ansiiiK
Kerndale
Flint
Ciarilen City
(irand ItHpiils
ilanitranu-k
Ila/el Hark
Ilinhlan.l Hiirk...
Inkster
Jtu-kson
Kalamazoo
LansinK
I.ineoln Park
Livonia
Mi.llan.l
Monroe
Mount Clemens..
Muskegon
Oak F'ark
Pontiac
Port Huron
Roseville
Royal Oak
Saginaw
St. Clair Shores. .
Wyan<lotte
MUiNESOTA
.\ustin
Duluth
Minneapolis
RichneM
Roi'hester
St. Cloutl
St. Louis Park...
St. Paul
Winona ...
lassissiFPi
Biloii
Oreenville
Oulfpf>rt
HattiesbiirK
Jackson
Laurel
Meri'li.in
Natcher
Vicksburg
ussomu
Columbia
Iri'loHTi'lenoe
' «ty
' V . ...
;. city'.:
WcbiUf Orovee..
Number of police dupurtmeiit
cinployocs
TOTAL
86
38
37
220
, S78
42
21
46
2K7
2.1
266
9.1
3.1
11.1
34
89
126
149
60
.14
32
3.1
32
94
.18
130
6.1
42
87
1.14
.17
70
34
135
631
25
.12
35
30
465
3>*
46
31
35
178
311
.3.1
35
Police
Civilians
iinceni
07
11
81
.',
35
3
31
6
202
IK
4,426
4.12
37
.1
20
1
42
4
238
49
25
229
37
(H)
5
31
4
103
12
33
1
82
7
102
24
142
7
57
3
46
8
30
2
.34
1
30
2
74
20
.14
4
111
19
47
18
37
5
75
12
143
11
.13
4
60
10
Xi
1
117
Ml
575
.VI
24
1
50
2
34
1
28
2
424
41
34
40
30
33
1.10
30
6K
33
35
44
40
3U
39
31
31
.10
37
794
«24
.34
32
33
33
100
94
101
92
2. .127
1.971
51
49
3A
23
103
'lalilf 2<>. — Nii/h/mt «»/ h'lill-Tiine Palicr DvfHirtnirnt Kruftltnrfs. Apr. 30. I9S8,
Citien OvtT 25,000 in Population — (iuntiiiueti
City
Number of |iohn' (l«>|i»rtnu-nt
employi-tT"
TOTAL
MONTANA
MlUino .
Hiitle
Missoula . .
NEBRASKA
'.riii.l l>l.n.l..
II i>nni:s .
I.inoiln .
M!ii-,|i..
NEVADA
I.iiS Vegiis
Keno
NEW HAMPSHISE
I ".lui-oril. - -
Miinchester . .
\:islma
NEW JERSEY
Mlilllir <':l>
H,i\onne
Heik-ville
HI.H.mfieM
ram.len
Clifton
Kisi Orang*
Kli/ :il>eth
Km:le\v«xxl .
K iir l.:iwn
C irtiel-l
H ickensack...
II .inilton
ll..t...ken
lr\ mctrtn
Jerst-y City
Kr irny
I.iii'len --
I.oni: Branch
M;il>lewix>d
Monti-Liir
New Brunswick
Newark
North Bcrjren
Nutley
I >r:inpe
Pissciic
Pitterson
l'enns,uiken, .
I'orih \mlM«\
IM.iiifl.-M .
K > -.v ,\
r.in.-, k._^^ ^ .,
I r.-ii!,.n
I !::..n
I • •; CltV _
v ^.-rk...
\'. " .
NEW MEXICO
Mfii-iupniue
I .rM.:t.l .
I; ^.'.M
41J
ii:
51
'M
•24y
lie
112
U'i
47
»4
76
1.427
\W>
47
TV
1J<'
:<)»>
>*7
Ml
,1J
.M
211
2.1
M
I'oluv ClTillan?
otr»cvn>
fi3
38
SI
3
»
5
34
1
27
2
99
23
3«6
4«
111)
M
"^4
Z^
41
3
112
5
4A
5
in
34
it>i
11
t>4
3
s^
3
2ti7
42
y7
o
132
1
2M
11
.>
o
441
5
*S
67
3
74
4
91
,
S22
1::
111
1
lir?
.tO
2
47
i»
5
7fi
3:0
»4
95
10
4.1
2
77
3
I'X)
2^8
18
33
2
va
4
so
10
48
4
35
M
248
24
7«
1
110
9
^V
7.1
•1
V.
1
City
Numlier of i>ollrt' <lt'|>artiuHil
employ «■<
NEW YORK
Au^uru.
Bimthamton.
Buflalo
Elmira-
Ffwport
Hempstead
Iron<teqiioit
Ithat-a .-.
Jamestown
Kinfston
Lackawanna ..
L.-kiv.rt
1
New Vurk
Newhurph
Niagam Kails
North Tonawanda.
Poughkeepsie
Rochester
Kockville Centre-.
Rome -
Schenectady
SjTacuse
Troy
I'tica
Watertown
White Plains
Yonkens
NORTH
CAROLINA
Asheville...
Biirlineton-
rviUe
Gakuoia —
Ooldsboro
OrMnsboro
High Point
Kannapolis
Raleigh
Rocky Motmt
Wilmington
Wilson .
Win>tnn-> ileni..
HORTH DAKOTA
Fargo
Grand Forks
Minot
IM
21
34
33
OHIO
.Vkron
.\lliance
Ashtabula...
Barl>erton...
Canton
Chillicothe
Cincinnati
Clf \el.ind. . . .
•il Heinht.-
44
61
13,1
1..122
43
4>
171
1.11
24.817
5.1
176
35
74
.146
49
,1.s
1.19
4.33
213
179
.V3
162
.3441
91
M
274
122
36
1S6
26
1-2S
37
174
1 n<iyu>n
Va Falb
.■•A .vr>
271
42
5»
1-25
1.354
97
4»>
66
31
39
«7
64
70
42
47
159
13y
23,67!>
55
167
34
71
4S2
4>
51
149
3S4
156
169
51
155
30«i
86
49
243
111
74
58
35
170
78
26
112
49
71
34
160
27!n
26
37
34
1.1.1
148
2:<
22
'-*7h
895
1>
1.926
71
67
6,16
539
37
11
374
328
1(H
Tubl*- 26. — \urnln'r <»/ t'ltll- 1 inn- I'ltlitf Ih-jnirt nn-it t /./h/i/jm «•«•«, Apr. 30, l'J38,
Cities Oivr 25,000 in Population— (.Atntinueii
NunilHT
of iwlico dppartnirnt
pinployi't's
City
NunilMT or |H>li<<i- d<
«niployi"«'s
purtniiiii
TOTAL
Police
oflloers
Civiliims
TOTAL
Police
OfflWTS
Civilians
OHIO— Continned
Ertst Clevelaiul
EhM Liverpool
68
19
46
66
31
30
96
22
69
62
61
.16
32
35
29
67
48
45
.W
60
34
59
i«i
45
450
20
69
297
35
34
51
43
21
52
27
353
32
30
24
ri
67
759
73
51
31
134
104
93
43
52
196
146
52
32
100
M
3»
131
108
a
ei
61
19
46
64
25
29
93
21
64
26
57
60
S4
27
33
29
64
48
43
46
57
33
.16
25
92
44
409
20
67
273
35
32
♦4
41
21
50
26
312
29
30
23
246
52
647
58
51
30
124
92
85
42
71
to
179
142
49
32
M
30
134
75
31
67
7
PENNSTIVAWIA-
Continurd
New K)>n>ini;ti>n .
Ncirristown
PhilrtdelplUH
PitlslmrKh . ..
4h
5.»W1
1, 495
30
172
185
31
152
34
17
97
33
55
88
95
77
83
154
580
73
96
MO
160
128
49
87
37
6«)
196
47
34
213
644
341
35
97
174
23«
30
124
20
48
37
166
1.077
30
242
575
9K
25
35
37
1.023
28
30
29
48
5. 1K9
1.4.'i0
30
151
173
30
'§
13
94
32
54
84
95
76
82
140
508
69
92
122
147
116
45
70
33
61
186
47
33
170
536
309
35
S6
144
184
»
117
16
42
36
150
WI7
30
309
523
93
24
33
28
849
28
30
Elvria
Eu»li<l
2
6
1
3
1
5
1
5
1
2
5
2
Fimllnv
45
(iHrncM Heights ..
Pott.stown
Hiuiillt"n
KeailiiiK
21
L«k. >
Laii. . •.
I.IIli:)..
l.oniin
*• ' "'XhU
Stmnton
Shrtron
ri>I>er Prtrhy
WHshinRton
West Mifflin
Wilkes-Hiirre
Wilkinsluinj
\Villiamsi>ort
York
RHODE ISLAND
Cranston
Ea-st Provitleni-e...
12
1
25
2
4
3
1
1
4
\i ; :.-■•. .wn
3
Vorw.M-l
2
9
3
1
3
2
9
1
41
u
1
1
luhts
M
lid
72
.•tr-iile
lo
- \rlinglon...
vtU
Warwick
Woons<Hkei
SOUTH
CAROLINA
Charleston
4
4
2
24
18
2
7
2
13
OKLAHOMA
!•>
Rock Hill
.•>l>arIuiil>urK
SOUTH DAKOTA
Rapid City
Sioux Falls
TENNESSEE
Chattano<ipa
Jackson
4
17
Mitlwoi City
Mu5k<v»>e
2
1
41
3
4
5
Okl*honi.»Clly.-..
SUlhrmter
1
25
15
112
15
10
TnlM
ORBOON
Johnson City
Knoxville
1
43
108
Bucene
32
Portland
Oak Ridge
8*lein
TEXAS
Abilene
PBHMSTIVAVIA
II
Abinr'^n
30
1
10
12
8
1
24
2
17
4
3
Au5tin
52
2
Beaumont
4
Til
Brownsville
Bryan .
8
I
Corpus Christ!
nallas
16
180
.
Denton
El Paso
33
Kort Worth
r;:il\p-'r.n
■le
M.)ii>t.>ii
52
16
7
S
2
loo
't
S3 i
4 1
9
174
anon
Ir\in«
KimcsMlle
i(»:
Talilr 26. — .\iirnhiT of hiill-Tltm- I'nihr Di-fmrt rm-n I Hni[tlnyffs, ijtr. 30, 1958,
(Ulii'.s ttvi-r 2'y,(t(K) in l'i>iiiiliiliini — < '.orit iniit-il
City
NlinilMT of police d
cinployt-fj
•partnipnt
City
NiinilKT of [>olice department
employe**
TOTAL
Police
otlicers
Civilians
TOTAL
Policv
OlIiOTS
Civlllaii-
TEXAS— Con.
M
37
104
32
Ih
82
96
30
40
70
55
597
29
32
31
37
56
23
K»9
»4
73
34
316
."iO
124
IHX
44
77
69
74
3Hti
4((
KM
44:-(
ILU
4:<
4X
52
H.-i
l.vj
2S
17
67
90
30
37
70
55
492
28
32
28
33
54
2:j
105
87
68
32
267
44
109
lf.6
43
71
63
72
68
3.i7
44
92
tSi)
119
:«
40
1
2
10
4
1
15
6
WASHINGTON—
Continued
'^
K72
244
24t,
34
74
12>»
.i\
120
Zi
44
■2s
<<4
.in
51
fi)
41
42
91
74
170
4.T
1, HOh
o;<
132
06
.^^
44
67
\m
33
.=12
15
."W
707
210
225
.14
34
74
121
;»
103
15
:i8
27
92
53
48
.tO
3H
H5
41
83
68
152
43
1.674
02
127
06
57
44
65
32
43
492
Longview
8
Liilmock
Everett
3
Miirslmll
Seattle
105
Mc.Mlen
Sfmkane
34
Mi.lland
21
odpssn
Vancouver
1
Oninije
Walla Walla..
3
I'ciii .\illmr
WEST VIRGINIA
Charleston
Clark.shiirK
Huntington
Mornantown
Parkershtirt;
Weirton
Wht'elini; ....
WISCONSIN
Appleton
Beloit -
Eau Claire
Fond du Lac
Oreen Bay
S;iM Anticlll
-^:in Antonio
105
1 .
7
Ii'inple
1
TcMirkana -
Texii.« Citv
3
4
2
17
8
'Ivler
6
liiiversity Park...
1
4
7
5
2
49
6
15
17
1
6
6
5
6 :
29
5
12
54
4
5
3
2
Wichita Falls
UTAH
Ogfien -
3
10
Salt I-ake City
3
4
VERMONT
Janesville
1
8
La Crosse
6
24
VIRGINIA
Manitowoc . . .
2
134
Mexandria
Oshkosh
1
Arlinnton
Racine
5
('li!irl<ilte.'<ville
Shebovgan
Danville
1
llHinpton
W'ausau
I,viuhl)iir(; . ..
Wauwatosa
West Allis.
WYOMING
2
.\ew(it)rl News
N.irfnlk
10
I'clfrsl.iiru
I'orlsnioiith
1
9
W an\ ick
WASHINGTON
Hellinnhaiii
HAWAII
Honolulu City
96
106
I able 27. — Number uf FuU-Time I'lAice Departmpiit Employees, Apr. .'iU, l'J3}{,
Cities With Population From 2,500 to 25,000
Clly
ALABAMA
AIUtIviHiv .
Al.xaiid.r City.
Allcvill.-...
Allcl;llu>lu
Athfiis
Alinorc.
Altulla
Auhiirn
Hiiv Mlnette
Hoiiz
Hnwton
Hrtiii<ll<lKe
('liick:usi»w
riillilcrsbiirtt
('iillm;in.. -
I )('r;il iir
ncinoiMjlls..
KIbu
Kiitcrprlsc.
Kv. ii.'r.-«'n
K^ilitl.l.l
K:iirlii'|H^
F,i\.il.>
Kl-.T.ll.l
Fdtt I'.iyne
licllfV:l
(trn-iivllle.
(iuiiti'iTivlUe
llart^llf
11,11!!. \MXXl
Jack-iiivllle
Jil.>it>tT
I.<f<IS '.
Li(>s<H)mb
Marion
M mini tin Brook.
NortliiMirt
Ont-oiita
Op.>llku
Opp..
Plclnioiit
PruttviUe
Rounokt>
ghenuid
fylanuiKa
fiilli.i.iia
rCtj '..'.[
■'la
;rlnKS...
•;;:;'l'k..
ARIZONA
Hide
C;..i:. ;;.r
Co<.li.|.i-
r>..'i.; .-
Wm-i'.w
Yum I
Number of
polio- (Ic-
purdiii'iit
Pinploy»'os
City
ARKANSAS
Arkiiii.lplila..
Aslnlown.
Uul.svlllr .
HlyllH'VilU'...
Cumdi'ii-.
Clurksvlllf...
Coiiwav..
Cros-st'tt
Pfrmott..
DuniiLs... . .
Euilora
Fiivottj'vllle
Forrcsl City
IIiimhurK
Harrison..
ill'IcllU
Hopo
Malvern
MarhuiDfl
.Miukoil Tree
.McOi-tiee
Mfiia.
.MontUvUo
Morrlllon
.Newport
Oswola
ParaRould
F'iirl.s
PlRROtt...
Pocahontas
Prescott
RoRors -
Ru.ssollvllle
Searcy
Siloam Springs —
Sprincdale
Stamps
Stuttgart
Texarknna..
Trumann
Van Huren
Walnut Ridge
Warren.
West Helena
We.'t Memphis. .
Wynne. --
CAUFORNIA
.\lbany
.Alturas
Antloch
Areata..
Atherton
Atwater
Auburn
Arusa
Banning
Harstow
Beaumont..
B<'ll
Belmont
Benlcla
BUhop
BIythe
Brawley.. —
Brea.. . .
BurlinKatne
Calexlco
Carl.sbad
Carmel-by-the-Sea
Chlco...
Chlno
.\iiniber of
pollit' <le-
purtlllelil
employees
City
CALIFORNIA—
Continued
Chowehllla
Claremont..
Clovls
Coachella .
Coalliiga
Colton
Colusa.. -
Corcoran
Corning
Corona
Coroniulo
Covlna
na%ls...
Delano ,...
Dinuba
El Centro
El Cerrito
EI Monte
El Segundo
Emeryville
Escondido
Exeter
Fairfax
Fairfield
Fillmore
Fontana
Fort Bragg..
Oilroy
Oli>ndora.
Gniss Valley
Gridley
nanford
Healdsburg
Heinet
Ilermosa Beach
Hillsborough
Hollister
Huntington Beach.
Indio
La Habra
La Mesa.
La Verne
Laguna Beach
Larkspur
Lind^iy
Livermore
Lodi
Lom poc
Los Banos
Ix)s Oatos.
Madera
Manteea
Nfartinc/
Marysville.
Maywood
Mere«»d
Mill Valley
Millbrae
Montrlair
Monterey
Napa
Ne«llP9
Nevada City
N'<-w|H)rt Beach
Nortti Sacramento.
Oakdale
0«>anside
Ojai
Orange
OrovilW
Pacific CJrove
Palm Springs
\iini^)er of
police de-
part nient
employees
10^
Talilr 27. — yiiiiihfr itf l-'iill -I'i tin- I'olltf l)<-fMtrl iiifii I /-.'//i/i/fn^'f-.s, .l/*r. 30, 1958^
Cilirs II i//i I'ttpnltilnnt Irnin 2,500 In 2.'),(KI0 — < loiil iiiiifil
City
CAUFOBNIA-
Continued
1\,M> Koblcs
I'ctiihinia
I'ifiliiiont
I'ill.^burp
I'hi-crvillc
roll Hufiu'ino
rortirvilli'
Hifl Bluff
Hi'ddinc
Hctilcv
Kiiillo
Hivi'ihitnk
Hosi'ville
Saliniis. . _
Pan Anst'lmo
San Bruno
Sun Carlos
Sun Fcrniindo. ..
Sun Gabriel
San Luis Obispo..
Sun Marino
San Pablo
San Rafael
Sanpor
Santa Cruz
Santa Maria
Santa Paula.
Sausalito -
Seal Beach
Sebastopol
Selma
Shafter._
Sierra Madre
Signal Hill
South Pasadena..
Susanville
Taft
Tracy
Tulare
Turlock
fkitdi
fpland
Vacaville..
Visalia
\Va,sco
Walsonville
WiUits ,
Willows
Woodlake ,
Woodland
Vreka City
^uha City
COLORADO
Alamosa
Brighton
Canon City
Corlez
Craig
Melta
I )uran(jo
Klorencc.
Fori Collins
Fort .Morgan . -.
(Jolden
Cir.ind Junction.
Ouniii.son
I, a lunla
I.aniar
I,:i.x .\nimiU5. . ..
I.eadville
l-iltleton
I.ontrinont
NumiMT of
pollci- de-
partment
employees
City
COLORADO-Con.
fiOVeland.
M-ini!ou Springs
.Motite Vista
Montrose
Rockv P'ord
Salida
.•^terlinp
Trinidad
WaWiMibiirc
CONNECTICUT
Ansonia_
Branford
Daniclson
Derby
.lewett City
Xaupaluck..
Putnam
Hoekville
.■'heUon
Stafford Springs
Wallingford.
Willimantic.
Winsted
DELAWARE
Dover
Laurel
Lewes
Milford
XVw Castle..
Xewark
Seaford
FLORIDA
.\palachicola..
.\rcadia
.\uburndale
Bartow.
Belle Olade.
Boynton Beach
Bradenton
Chipley
Cocoa ---
Dade City.-.
Dania -
De Funiak Springs.
De Land
Delray Beach..
Dunedin
Eustls..
Fernandina Beach..
Fort -Meade
Fort .M yers.
Fort Pierce..
Oreen Cove Springs
Oulfport
Hallandale
Holly Hill
Homestead...
.lackMiiiville Beach.,
Kissimmee
Lake City -
I,ake Wales
Lake Worth
Leestiurg.-
Live Oak
.Madison
Marianna...
.Melbourne
Miami Shores
.Mlaiid Springs
.Numlx-r of
police de-
partment
employees
City
\umUT of
police rli'-
partment
employe's
FLORID A— Con.
-Mount Dora..
Xew Sinvrna Beach.
Ocala..
Opa-locka.
Ormond Beach
Patiokee
I'alatka
I'alm Beach
Palmetto
Perry
Pinellas Park
Plant City
Pompano Beach
Port St. Joe
Quincy
Riviera Beach
Sanford.
Sebrinp
Soutii .NHamI
St. .\UKUStlne
St. Cloud. .-
Stuart.. - -
Tarpon Springs
Titusville
Vero Beach.
Wauclmla
West .Miami.
Winter Oarden
Winter Haven
Winter Park
GEORGIA
Adel
Alma
Americus
Ash bum
Bain bridge
Barnes viUe
Baxley
Blakely
Brunswick
Cairo
Calhoun
Camilla
Canton
Carrollton
Cartersville
Cedartown
Chamblee
Cochran.
College Park....
Commerce
Cordele.-
Co\ ington
Culhbert
Dalton
I)aw,son..
Dougla-sville
Dul)lin
Eastman
Eatonton
Elberion
Fitzgerald
Forest Park
Forsyth
Oaiiiesville
(Irecnsboro
Orillin.
HaiH'vllle
Hartwell
Hawklnsville..
llazelhurst
Hogansvllle
Jesup
los
I.ll>l«
— \n iiilnr itj I nil- I inn- I'olirt ItrpnrI tinit I Hin/iloy rrs. iftr. MK I'f.'tH,
(.ilirs Hitlt I'npuliitiitn Frntn 2,500 tn 25,000 — ( !uiitiiiue<l
City
GEORGIA Con.
1... Kiy.tt... .,
l..l«M IKTVlllC.
.M:iih!„st,.r.. .,
M:!!. '.k'.vUlc...
.M.i,.,...
Mmi,', ;iira8
Muiiltiic
Niisliville
NVwiiiUi
Oclllii
ri'lliiiin
INirlcrdiJe
Qiiltiimn
Hixkiii.irt
I<ONS\lll.<
SiiiicliisvlU*
t^iiiiiiiiiTvlUe
S\v;iliisl>oro
Pylviuilu
t^ylvistcr
Tiill;ilKK>sa-
Th(>iiiii.<ton
ThomiLsvUle
Tifloii .
Tri.'ii
Vl.l.ilii
W;iriii I KuttUlS.
\\ L-liTiu-ton.- .
W.i\,!,.v< . . .
W.i) iiisl>f)ro.
N'limlHT of
|tollo- <tl«-
piu-tmcnt
omploywa
IDAHO
Al.iin.,|;i
Hlwkf..,,!
Buhl
Burlov
Culdw.-ll
Coeur il'Alene.
Emniftt
OoodlDi;
Oraiif!t-vllle
Jeronu'
KeUoRK
LewLston
Mont|)>>Iler
Moscow
Kampa
Payrtto
Prvjitoii
R«>xl>iir(;
Riijxrt
Suliniiii „..
8an(l|K>int
8t. Anthony ..
Twin KalLi
Walhuv ..
WcU.r .
ILLINOIS
AWo .
Alortiin
Ann.i
Ar!!; •■.•• n lletthta.
'■ •i\
City
ILLINOIS Con.
nroiiilvli'w
Hrookflild
Hushii.ll...
Culro
Cahuni't City
rmiton
Ciirboiidiilo
riirllnvlllc
CnrlvU-
Curnil
Ciirthuge
Ciuvy
rmtrnlla .,
Charli'ston
Chp.stor
Chllllcothe
Christopher
Clinton
Collln.svllle
Cri'vc Coeur
Crystal Lake
De Kalb
Dwrfleld
Dixon
Oolton
OowniTS Grove
Du yuoln
DwlRht
Eikst Alton
Ea.st .\lollnc
Ea.'it I'ooria
EdwardsvUle
EtllnRham
Eldorado
Elm wood Park
EvorKTocn Park
Fairfield
Farmlngton
Flora..
Forest Park
Franklin Park
Fulton
Galena
Oalva
Oono.'soo
Geneva
Oeorpetown
Gibson City
Olllc-snle
Glen Ellyn ..
Glencoe...
Glen view
Greenville
llarri.sburg
Harvard
ilurvey
Havana
Herrln.
IllRhland ..
Illrhl md Park
ity.
Park...
NiiinluT of
polio- de-
partment
rniployccH
10
IH
3
l.^
H
13
10
f,
2
6
3
4
l.s
9
.^
2
o
,^
13
7
6
16
8
13
12
19
4
5
9
16
18
10
7
6
22
18
6
2
9
23
13
1
5
2
6
9
2
3
3
20
17
20
4
7
5
2S
9
6
5
30
6
5
15
12
6
19
II
2
11
14
2S
IS
14
22
11
City
ILLINOIS Con.
Lawreilcevllle
lA-morit
l<<*wlstown
I.itxrtyvlllo
LltUMiIri
Lllieolnwood
I.llc'lifleld
IXH-k|M)lt
Loin hard .
Ix)ves Park
Lyons
.\laoomb
.Madison
.Marenno
.Marlon .'...
.Markham
.Mars<>llles
.Marshall...
.Ma-seoutah .
Mattoon..
.Mcl>eansboro.. -
.Melrose Park . .
.Mendota
.Metropolis
.Midlothian
Momeiice.. .. .
.Monmouth
-Montleollo
•Morrl.'!
.Morrl.son
-Morton
.Morton Grove
-Mount Carniel
Mount Morris
-Mount Prospect...
.Mount \'crnoiJ
.Mundelein
.Muriihysboro
-Vapcrvillc
-N'ewton
Xiles
-Vokomis
-N'ormal
-VorridRe
-N'orth Chicajto
North Lake
-N'orth Riverside. .
.Vorthhrook
O' Fallon...
Oak Lawn
Oglesby
Olney.... .
Oregon ...
Ottawa
Palatine . . .
Pana
Paxton
Peoria Heights
Peru
Phoenix
PlnoknevvlUe
Pitt.sfleld
Pontine
Princeton
Rantoul
River Forest .
River Grove ,
RIverdale
Kh.r^M.- ... .
KuMu!lli-.
SaVtn
f^andwieh.
Nunilx'r of
IMillo' de-
partment
eniploye<'»
loy
1'al.l.
. — "SiimfnT nf I'liH-'I'inn' I'ttVni- Dr/Htrt im-ii I l^nt/tlttyfrs, Apr. .70, 7958,
t'.ilifn M ilh I'ltjHiliilittn trinn '2,.'t()0 tn ^.yJKKt — < !<tnl iiiiifii
City
NumN-r of
police de-
purl meiil
empioyws |
City
.VuniN-r of
pollci- de-
partment
employees
City
\umb»T of
pollc<' de-
part menl
employees
ILUNOIS Con.
7
S
5
5
4
3
5
10
3
3
Ifi
7
16
4
14
9
8
I
6
LI
14
2
r>
3
10
9
6
11
14
5
i
4
7
22
10
8
3
10
9
5
5
6
10
3
22
11
4
10
12
4
4
3
4
3
9
10
7
31
25
23
0
3
12
4
4
S
8
14
1
22
INDIANA Con.
Franklin
10 1
5
3
10
13
11
12
8
5
8
10
4
23
4
5
19
11
5
29
10
12
9
30
13
11
6
5
12
S
4
32
14
6
8
2
3
23
4
7
7
10
14
4
5
11
5
8
12
21
8
7
5
8
fl
18
23
18
11
14
18
5
27
10
6
8
3
7
3
3
11
4
IOWA Con.
7
Shclhvvill<>
Onrretl
Cedar Fulls
13
Silvis
Oas City
Centnrville
Chariton
.'^outli Bcloit
Oashen
4
Soiitli Holland
Orcencdstle .
Charles City
Cherokee
13
SpiirtH- .
Sprinf! Valloy
St. Churlos
Oro«-nflpld
K
flreensburg
(Iri-enwood
Clarinda
C,
Clarion
Clear Lake
Ores<'o
3
(Iriimh
10
StcRpr
Highland
3
SlorlinK
Hobart.
HuiitinKhnre
Huiitin^lon
Creston
11
Stirkney
Dp Wilt
Detortih
3
G
7
Eaele fJrove
Eldora
Fmmetsburg
Estlierville
4
Sycamore
Tavlorvillo . . -. .
lellersonville
Kendallville
Kno\
La Porte
4
Tu.>.col«
9
Vandalia
Kvan.sdule
2
Venice . .
Lawrencehurp
Fairfield
Forest City
Villa Park
3
Fort M.idison
H
Washington
3
7
Wat.soka
Martinsville. -
Mitcliell
H.inii)ton
4
4
Wist Frankfort
Hiwarden
3
Mount Vernon
Munsler
4
Western c^iiring'S
Independence
5
5
W'estville
New Ca.stle
lowi Falls.-
9
W'heaton . .
1
Wliite Hill
North Manchester..
North Vi.Tnon
Oakland City
Paoli
I'.t
Wilniinpton
Knoxville
Le Mar;
Manchester
1
Pern
Petersburg .-
Pluinfi-^ld
Z«M"!er
Zion -
Marshalllown
Missouri Valley
21
Plvniouth
3
INDIANA
4
Mount Pleasant
-Muscatine
'.1
Mexaiidria
21
3
Altievi
Rushville
New Hampton
Newton
3
Alil)iirn
i:
13
FJat.sville
Bedford
Shelbyville
1
Osceola
Bieknoll
Oskaloosa
II
BlufTton
Tell City
Pella ...-.
1
Boonvillc
Tipton
Perry
Red Oak
10
Bra7.il .. ..
In ion Citv
s
Bremen
Valparaiso
Rock Rapids.
Sac City
Sheldon
Shenandoah
•)
Brook ville..
3
C':iiiit)ridee City
W'abash
1
7
Washington.-
West Lafayette
West Terre Haute..
Whiting...
II
("lark«vi'le
Storm Lake
ti
( Million
Tama
2
Colniiiliia City
Tipton
2
Vinton
4
Connersville
IOWA
Albia
Washington
3
Crown Point
Danville
Waverly...
Webster City
West Oes Moines...
Wintersi't
KANSAS
Abilene
.Vnthony
Arkan.sas City
ti
10
heeatlir
(I
Dilplii
Annmosa .
4
luirikirk
Atlantic
K;isi < larv .
.\udubon .
Kdiiiliiin;
I'.lwood
Belle Plaine
Betlendorf
n
1' airiiiount
Bloomfleld
4
Kn iiWforl
Boone
20
110
Tul)U' 27. — \iiinlnr of !■ nil- I iiiif I'ttlin- Ih'fxirl nnii f Hinitlnyrrs, i/tr. .'iO, I'/.'tH,
Cities It itii t'opulutinn From 2,500 ttt 25,000 — <:<iiitiiuif<l
city
KANSAS Con
At^hi^:(ln
Aui;ti.stik
Biixtor Springs...
B>-llfvilli>
B.-lolt
("luuuito
Chorryvnle
Clay Ci-ntcr
ColIcyviUe
Colhy
rolumbus
Cotioiriliii
Council drove...
Pmlc.' City
El Dorudo
Ellinwood
Ellis
Ein|>oria
Kiin-ka
l"ort Scott
Frcdonin
Our-I.'n City
Ournott
()o<Kll!ind
Ortiit IKnd
Hays
HiTMlRton
Hhiu'tttim
Hiii-iinpton
Holtim
Iliiiroton
Iiidi'ix-ndi'ncr
lola
Juiution City
Kinirnian
L;im«Hl
I^^ivcnworth
I.iN-rul
Lyons
Mimh.ittnn
M:irv-s;lU- ,
Mrl'li. r-on
Ko<><l. .-.ha
Vrwton ,
Norton
Olathp
Osuwutomle
Ottawa
Paoln
Parvin-^ ,
ri)illip-».urK
Pitt-iburn ,
Tnitt
HvisivW
trott City
>V. 111!. .-Lin ,
Win'i.M
KEHTUCKT
Barbourville
Bvdstown
aBtUrvuo
BowllnK Orwn...
rmllton
l!«-tt.if.urK
Ceniml City
Corbin
f^ -■ nd
NunilxT of
pollcv do-
piirtinoiit
fuiployci-s
Clly
Number of
polhv de-
IMtrtment
rmployeea
City
NumiImt of
p<ille«' de-
part nient
employeos
KBNTUCKT Con.
Elsiiioro
3
7
13
2ft
7
8
7
8
in
7
11
34
24
4
3
6
5
6
Ifi
11
15
3
4
3
11
lU
8
6
11
3
10
6
13
5
20
10
10
12
3
6
4
17
14
21
2
21
4
4
6
8
17
14
10
I
3
«
84
9
ft
S
«
18
13
22
3
4
«
12
2
IS
IS
6
LOUISIANA Con.
0
Erljtn»r<>r
Tallulah
7
Fort Thoiniis
Thilxwlaux
20
Frankfort
Ville riatte
12
Franklin
Vinton
3
Fulton
West Monroe
Winnfleld
20
Oi'orpctown
7
Cinvn\ illi>
WinnslMtro
4
Harlan
HarrodsluirR
Hur.nrd
Ilondcrson
MAINE
27
DopkinsvilU'
Irvmc .
Bath
Ifi
BelfiLst
4
Jenkins
HIddeford
17
Lebanon
7
London
15
Ludlow
Calais ...
7
Mav(Wl<l
Ellsworth
4
MavivilU"
Mi(i,IU;l>oro
Fort Fairneld
5
8
^'ollti(•l•llo
Hullowell
3
Mori'hcad
Madison
3
Morpanflcld
Old Town
6
Mount Sterling
Murray
Pres(|ue Isle
Rockland
12
11
Nicholrtsville
Runiford
12
Pttlntsville
9
Paris
Waterville
20
Park Hills
West brook
13
Pikevillp
MARYLAND
Aberdeen
Pinovillo
Priiuvton
Providtnuv
8
Riflinioiul-
Bel Air
5
Russi'llvillc.
Bladensburg
4
SlulbvvilU'
2
Sonu'rsct
3
South Fort Mitchell.
Vcn!aillc>s
Caiiibri(l'.:c
Capitol Heights
Chestertown
CrisHeld
22
3
Willianisburp
Winchester
3
8
Euston
11
LOUISIANA
Elkton
5
33
Abbeville
Qreenbelt
6
Bustrop
Havre de Onicr
Hyattsville...
Laurel...
Mount Rainier
Pocomoke City
8
Berw ieit
13
9
Covinpton
g
I)e Quinrv
8
De Kidder
40
Donaldson ville
Eunice
Takonia I'ark
Westminster
MASSACHUSETTS
Abinpton
19
7
Franklin
Hammond
Harahan
Hayiiesvllle
10
Homer
18
Houma
Amenbury
13
Jcnnlnpji
Amherst
10
Jonesboro
.Andovcr
22
Knfilnn
Athol
16
V
Aubum
7
ly
Ayer
6
<-9
Bumstabte .. ..
28
Blnekstone
3
Brldpewater
7
14
1 UM . iU>
Clinton
17
PliMjuein mc
Concord
18
Port Allen
Dallon
5
Ra>-ne
Dan vers
21
Rii.<iton
Dartmouth
II
SprlDKblll
Dcdbom
79
Taldr 27. — \ii mhrr of h'lill-'l'iinr I'ltlirr Ifrfmrt iiii-n t I'lntftlnyrrs, Apr. 30, I'f.iS,
(Ulirs If ilh l'(tintliilii>ii Irtnn 2,')(H) lit 1I3J)()() — ( '.mil iiiiicti
City
NumJ)or of
tK)llce de- 1
parlment
eniploycfs
1
City
.Number of
police de-
part mi-nt
employws
City
Number of
[Milicc de-
partment
employe<'S
MASSACHDSETTS-
Continued
9
15
10
9
27
7
2fl
30
3
14
12
4
31
16
15
6
26
22
13
16
21
4
61
8
8
39
17
31
12
18
10
33
6
24
6
in
27
V.i
t>
2:i
(i
12
29
3
29
14
25
6
30
19
H
20
34
44
41
10
10
36
32
2ti
15
4
t)
14
19
1
4
19
4
8
HICHIOAN-Con.
Bo\-np Cltv
4
9
13
3
15
4
7
6
3
15
14
9
4
11
5
53
22
7
5
0
16
5
8
18
28
33
31
6
10
9
23
6
4
8
3
14
13
5
18
18
5
8
5
'2 1
19
10
5
4
20
9
7
4
2(1
1;
15
5
32
14
2
28
7
4
6
28
9
4
8
15
45
6
4
MICHIGAN- Con.
Romeo
Biirhanan
Sault Sto Marie
South Haven
St. Clair
27
Kii.'^tliiinipton
Cadillac
n
Caro
1
rrankliii
Center Line
St. Ignace
:t
St. Johns
flrciit Harrinpton...
firn-nnold
Charlotte
St. Joseph
20
C hebovean .
St. Lotiis
1 liiit-'hiim
Chels-a
Clawson
Sturgis
1.'.
Tecumseh
K
Cold water
Three Rivers
Traverse City
Trenton
11
Dowapiac
IK
I,to
Dtirand
E<ist Grand Rapids.
Eaton Rapids
F. corse
;ui
Vassar
Wakefield
-
I.ildlow
Wavne..
27
.Miiiisftcld
Vpsilanti
37
Fenton
Zeeland
4
M;irlboroiiph
Fremont
MINNESOTA
.\lbert Ijca
Mavnard
Oladstone. .
Middlcboro
Orand Haven
Grand Ledpe
Greenville..
Milford
at
Millburv
.\le\andria
t'l
Milton
Grosse Pointe
Orossc Pointe
Farms
.\ n ok a
i:!
M ontague
Nantucket -
Bemiiiji
IJ
Nopdham
Grosse Pointe Park.
Grosse Pointe
Woods
Benson
I'l
N cw burvport
Blue Karth
4
North Adams
1.-.
North Aiidovpr
Breckenridge
Brooklyn Center
Cambridge.
1
North .\ttl('boro
Hastings
i;
Northbri<tpc
llillsilale
o
Holland...
Chisholm
14
Oranpc
Hollv
Cloquet
K'
Palmer
Houuhton
Columbia Heights..
Crookston
111
Howell
rj
Hudson
Hiintinpton Woods.
Iron Moimtain
Crosbv
t
Kandolph
Crystal
1 :;
K(a<ling
Detroit Lakes
East Grand Forks..
Edina
I'l
Ivnckland
',1
Ruck port
19
Elv
12
Somcrwt
Eveleth
It
South Iladlov
Laiicer
Fairmont
l:t
Southhridgo ....
Lauruim
Faribault
17
S|H'n«'r
Ludington .
Fergus Falls
Fridlcv.
U
Sfonoham
Madison Heights...
-,
Pwampscott
I'xbridKo. _
Glen wood
Marine City
Maniuette
Golden Valley
Grand Rapids
Granite Falls
Hast iiigs
7
Wiikcflcld
7
Walpole.
Marshall
:t
Ware
Marvsville
t)
Wc.b.'ilcr
llibbiiig
21
W.lli'slcv
Hopkins
n
West .■^prinftfleld
Menominee
Hutchinson..
International Falls..
Lake City
Le Sueur ...
Litchfield
Little FalLs
4
West field
Milan .
Mount Morris
Motnit Pleasant
Munisinp. .
Muskegon Heights.
K
Whitman
4
Winchendon
Winchester
3
t
^\'iIltll^op
4
mCHIOAN
Mankato
Marshall
Montevideo
Moorhcad .
New rim .
-North Mankato
.North St. Paul
.Norlhfleld
Orlonvllle
Owatoniia
Park Raplils..
Pl|H'stone..
Prwtur
2S
Niles
8
Adrian
Norlhville
8
Albion
ai
Algonac
Otsego
15
Allecnn
Owo.sso
4
Alma
rt
Mpeiia
Plain well
,-,
Had Axe
Meldinu
Pleasant Ridge
Plvmouth
4
12
Herklev
River Rouge
FtiK'hester ..
1 Rogers City
4
Hi'S.s<'m('r
5
Hii; Kapids
2
Tilldr 27. — \iiinhrr nj' I'lill - I imr I'nliic Itfiuirlniriit i'.ini>lt>\t'i's, Apr. 30, l'J58f
Citien If'ith Hopttlatian Front 2,.'HHf tn 25,000 — Continued
City
MINNESOTA Con
K.'.l WlUK
Kf.hv.MHl Falls
KobhiiiMliile
Siiuk Cfiitre
Siuik Kitplds
8hiikoi>«t'
Slo'py Kyt>
Sotiih SI Paul
Sprlnnn.'ld
St. Jimifs
St. I'llcr .
St!U>l.".>i
StlUwiitiT..
Thi.f Klvcr Falls..
Trm-y
Two llitrbors
\'lrplniii
Wiulfiia
Wii.<«it
Wot SI I'mil
Wbiti' Xi'iir Lake..
Wllliiuir
Wlii.lom
WOrlhliiKton .
MISSISSIPPI
.Mx-nlti-n. . . ...
H;iy St. Ix>Ui8
Hooiu-vllle ...
Hrimkliiiven
Ciintoi)
Charli-ton
nuiks.liile
niv.l.iii.l
Coluiiitiiii
Cotiiinhiis —
Coriii'ti ,
Crv-i il Sprimo
EIli>vill..
Kort-t
(JrttiiwcHxl
Ili7l. ')iir«t
Imll i!'.m1;1
K<>"^ ni^ko....
l^-liii'l
I^'ll'lt'"!!
Ixiiitr H.ich
McCmiuI)
.Mox-; I'..lnt
N«w \lt>any .
.St wliiti
On. Ill Springs
Oxfor.l
I'l-.. Ik-Mlllll
I'iLv- ("lirl.«tllin. .. .
I'orl < iil'^>n
\v ,t.r \ ,;;. V
W.-t I',, lilt
Will. .11 ,
Y.i/.-. «■»>• .
MISSOURI
.^uii.r 1
H.rk. 1. V
IWtll.l'.V
»..liv r
Hon!!, r.-ire
H.».n\!:i..
Itr. . k. rrl.lRo illUs..
Hr.iiru.--1 .
HriK.kll.ltl
NtinilHT of
|X)llt1> tlf-
piirtiiii'iit
cniploy<'«'s
City
MISSOURI Con.
Htill.r ...
Ciiltfonilu
Ciimproii
('u|H> (llnirdeau
Carrollloii . .
('mlhajri'
Charleston
Clillllcothe
Clayton
Clinton
Crystal City
Dp .<?oto
IVxtpr
Kast Prairie
KIdon
Kxcclslor Springs...
FarmiiiRton
Fayctto
Fortnison
Fcstus
Flat River.
Floris.<yint
P'n'<lerlcktown
Fulton
Olendale
Ilannihal
llarri.sonvlUe
Havtl
HIpBinsvlUe
MlUsdale...
Jack.son
Jennlnps
Kennctt
Ktrksville
Lodue
Lamar.
Lebanon
Lws Summit
Ixjuisiana
Maiden
.Maple wood
Mnrcrlinc
.Marshall
-VlaryvUle
Mexico
.Moberly
.Monett
.N'eosho
.Vevada
.Vorth Kansas City.
Overland
Pafiedale
Pine Lawn
F'oplar Hluff
Richmond
Richmond Heights.
Rock lliU
RoUa
Salem
Shri'w.sbury
81ke9ton
Slater
.>i .Vim
n-iituu
. leTe
1 T
! r
» V
lU. y r
,u-k
'r«
■n..
i»
.Vuinber of
po||(v de-
partment
employees
MONTANA
.\na('(iiid:i
no7.eiiiaii
Cut Hank
Dillon..
filaspow
Olendlve
Hanillton
Helena
KallsiH'll
Laurel
Lewlstown
Livingston
Miles City
Red Lodpc
Shelby
Sidney
Whlteflsh
Wolf Point
NEBRASKA
Alliance
Auburn
Beatrice
Bellevue
Blair
Broken Bow
Chadron
Columbus
Cor.ad
Crete.
Fairbury
Falls City
Fremont.. --
Oerinp
(.lothenburg
Holdrepe
Kearney
I>exinpton
McCook
Nebraska City
Norfolk
North Platte
Opallala
Platt,>;mouth
Schuvlcr
ScottsblulT
Seward
Sidney
SuiH-rlor
Valentine
Wahoo
WiUTie
West Point.
York
NEVADA
Carson City .
Elko
Henderson
North Las Vegas....
Si«irks .
Wiiinenmcca .
NEW HAMPSHIRB
Berlin...
Claremont
Derry. . .
Dover
Exeter
Franklin..
Ke<"ne
Laconia
.N'umlM-r of
IMillcf <le-
partment
employws
li:j
Tal»l«- 27. — \iiinlnT nf Fiill-Tiiin- I'ttllif Diimrlmml l^nifilnyri's, Apr. 30, IQ.'iS,
Cilia's M »//i I'ttpiiliititut triun 2..'t(K) li> 2.'fJKK> — ( .oiiliiiiu'd
City
Number of
pollco do-
part mpiit
employees
NEW HAMP-
SHIRE Con.
Lcl.a 1
Lltlltloii
MllfonI -
Newport
Portsmouth
Rochester
•^nmersworth
NEW JERSEY
Aslmry Park
Atlantie Highlands.
.\uduV)on
Burrington
Bellmawr —
Belmar ■
Berpenfleld
Bemardsville
Beverly
Bloomingdale
Bogota -
Boonton -.
Bordcntown..
Bound Brook
Bradley Beach
Bridpeton
Brigantine -
Burlinpton
Butler..- ---
Caldwell
Cape May
Carlstadt --
Carteret --
Chatham -
Clayton -
Clcmcnton
ClifTside Park
Closter
CoUinpswood
Cranford
Cresskill -
Dover
Dumont
Dunollen
East Paterson
East Rutherford- --
Eatontown
Edpewater
Egg Harbor City..
Fair Haven
Fairvlew
Fanwood
Flcminpton.-
Fort T-ee
Fr.inklln
Freehold
fJarwood
f}lassl)oro
fll.n Ridge
(lien Rock
(iloucestcr City
< iiilti'iilicrp
llacki'ttstowii
Ila.l.l.iii IleiphtS..-
Iladdnnncld
H.l.'.loii. .
llarriiMontoli
Harrison
lla-itiriiiick Heights
Hawthorne..
lliL'lilatid Park
lliL'hlanrls
lliL'tilstown
53
6
13
10
17
27
."i
1
14
15
7
14
13
26
8
28
4
18
10
15
42
17
4
3
28
11
21
37
10
15
22
11
24
20
12
18
8
7
20
14
2
40
3
11
10
11
21
21
24
12
5
12
27
5
12
5h
17
17
IK
NEW JERSEY-
Continued
Hillsdale
Hillside
Kealishurg.
Kenilwortli
Key port..
Lanihertville
l.eonia
Liiieolii Park
l.iltlc Ferry
Little Silver
Lodi
Lyndhurst
Madison..
Manii,s(|uan
Maiiville -
Margate City
Matawan. .
Maywood
Merehantville
Metuchen
Middlesex
Midland Park
Millljurn
Milltown
Millville
Morris Plains
Morristown
Mount Ephraim
Moimtuin Lakes
Neptune City
Neptune Township.
Xew Milford
New Providence
Newton ,
North Arlington
North Hak'don
North Plainfield-..,
North VVildwood...
Northfleld..
Oaklyn. -
Ocean City
Oeeanport
Uradell-
Palisades Park
Palmyra
Paraiiius
Park Ridge
Paulsboro
Pen lis drove
Phillipsburg
Pitman
Pleasantville
1 I'oint Pleasant
I I'ompton Lakes
; Princeton
'■ Prospect Park .
Ramsey
Raritan
Red Hank
Ridgpneld
Ridgefield Park...
River Edge.
I Riverton
{ Rockaway
I Roselle
Raselle Park
' Rutnson..
Riinnemede
Rutherford
Saletii
Sayreville... -
S<'eaueus
I Somerville-
Number of
pollw dt^-
purtment
employees
City
NEW JERSEY
Continued
Number of
police de-
partment
employees
South Ainlioy
South Hound
Brook
South Orange
South Plainfield...
South River
Summit
Tenafly -
Totowa
Union Beach
Ventnor City
Verona
Vineland
Waldwick
Wallington
Wanaque
Washington
Weehawken -
West Caldwell
West Long Branch.
West Paterson
Westfield
Westville
Westwood -.-
Wharton
Wild wood
Wood Lynne
Wood Ridge -
Woodliury,.
NEW MEXICO
Alaniopordo
Artesia
Belen
Clayton
Clovis
Deming
Farmineton
Gallup
Hobhs
Las Cruees
Las Vegas City
Las Vegas Town...
Lordshurg ..
Los Alamos
Lovington
Portales
Raton
Silver City -.
Truth or Conse-
quences -.
Tiiciiineari
NEW YORK
Albion..
Amity ville
Attica
Babylon
Baldwinsville..
Ballston Spa...
Batavia
Bath....
Beacon
Hlasdell
Hroekport
Bronx ville
Canajoharie
Canaiidaigiia..
Canisteo
Canton
Carthage
114
I able 27.^.\uni/i«'r <)/ Fii//-7V/n«' /'<>/i««- Ih/Hirl 111411 1 l^iiiftlityrt-s, Apr. M, l'}.'tH,
K Citit's U itii PopuUitum train 2,500 to 25,000 — Coiiliiiiird
City
NEW YORK Con.
(\it.skill
Cotilcsklll ,
CoIkk'S
('<><i|KTstown...
Corinth
CornitiR.... ,
Corthmil
Coxsiu'kie
Crotoii on Hudson.
Dun.sville
l)p|>ow
Dobbs Ferry
Dolppville
Diuikirk
East Aurora
East K(X'hfSt<*r
Eftst Svniciise
Ellenville
Elmim Hvigbts
Elnisford
Emlicotl
Knirport
Fulconrr
Fuycttfville
Flonil Piirk ,
Fort Edward
Fort Plain ,
Frankfort ,
Frrdonia
Fulton
Oarden City
Ocnesoo
Geneva
Olen Cove
Olens Falls
(fJoversviUe
Ooshcn ,
Oouvemcur
Oowan<hi ,
Oranville ,
Orren Island
Orwnport
iraml'iire
Hiiiuilion ,
Ha'<iiiik'> on Hud-
son.
Haverstraw
Herkimer ,
HlRhland Falla
Homer
Hoosiok Falls
n<.ni.'Il
Ilor-. N. ids
Ilu.l-.h
Hudson FaDs
Illon .
Irvlnirton
Johnson City
Johii^iown
Keiiiiion' ,
Liik.- riicid ,
L«k.u.-).|
Lan. t .r VUlage..
l.arrlillinnt
1^- linv
LlUrry
Lind'M hurst
Lltllr Kills
Llv,r|-M.l ,
Lo\v\ illi'
Lynbrcok
Lyons „
Mai one...
NutiiJHT of
jxdliv de-
|)iirtment
employo«>s
City
NEW YORK Con.
Mai Verne .
Mamaroneck
Ma.ss«'na
Mirhanlcvlllo
Me<llnu ,
MIddletown
Mohawk
Montlr<'llo
Mount KIseo
Mount .Morris
New York .Mills...
.Newark
North I'elham
North Syraeu.se
.North Tarrytown.
Northport
.Norwich
.Nyack
Ogdensburg
Olcan
Oneida-
Oneonta
Ossining
Oswego
Owego
Palmyra
Patchogue
Peckskfll
Pelham .Manor
Penn Yan
Perry -
Plattsburgh
Plejisantville
Port Chester
Port Jervis
Potsdam
Rensselaer
Rye
Salamanca
Saranac Lake..
Saratoga Springs
Saugertles
Scarsdale
Scotia
Seneca Falls
Silver Creek
Sloan
Solvny
.South (tlens Falls..
Southampton
Spring Valley
Springvillc
SutTern
Turryt own
T Iconderoga
Tonawanda
Tuckahoe
Tnp|>er Lake
Walden
Walton
Wappingers Falls...
Warsaw
Warwick
Waterloo ...
g
3
40
2
31
29
1
10
10
12
17
2
28
11
8
9
12
7
9
35
5
5
1
37
4
2
3
9
25
59
2
28
33
29
33
5
8
5
2
10
5
14
2
16
11
15
3
3
3
22
6
23
12
13
14
24
16
29
10
2
II
23
6
9
26
14
3
8
fiO
« ,, .'....,. ■
15 il YorkvUle.
len.
NurnlH'r of
police de-
part mi'lit
employees
City
NORTH
CAROLINA
Ahoskle
.MlK'inarle
.\sheboro
Beaufort
Belhaven
Belmont.-
Bessemer City
Boono
Brevard
Canton
Chapel Hill
Cherry villc
Clinton
Conc-ord 1
Draper
Duim
Edcnton
Elizabeth City...
Elkin
Farmville
Forest City
Oraham
Oreenville
Hamlet
Henderson
Hendersonville
Hickory
Jacksonville. . ...
Kings .Mountain..
Klnston
Laurinburg
Leaks ville
Lenoir
Lexington.
Liiicolnton
Louisburg
Lumberton
Marion
.Monroe
Mooresvillc
Morehead City
Morganton
Mount .\iry
-Mount Olive
.New Bern
.Newton .
.North Wilki-sboro.
O.xford
Plymouth
Reidsville
Roanoke Rapids..
Rockingham
Ro.xboro
Rutherfordton
Salisbury
Sanford
Scotland .Neck
Selma ,
Shelby
Siler City
Smithfleld
Southern Pines
Spencer
Spindale
Statesville
Tarboro
Thomasville
Valdeso
Wake Forest
Wiishingion
Wayncsville
WhlleviUe
Williamston
.Vutnlicr of
pollr.- <lr-
l>art(nent
employees
115
I ;il>l«- 27. — .\iiiiilnr nj I'lill-'I'imr I'ltlirv Drpurl mi-ii I llnipUtyvvs, Apr. 30, J958,
Citii's II ilh I'opulatiim I'roni 2,500 to 25,000 — (.iuiitiiiiicd
City
Xiiniber of
polltv de-
partment
employees
City
.XumlHT of
police de.
partment
emi)loyees
City
Xumb<'r of
IHillce de-
partment
employees
NORTH
DAKOTA
20
s
11
5
15
11
4
»
4
3
5
16
12
1
14
5
10
17
15
13
11
IH
IH
13
7
8
17
13
10
IS
3
19
20
5
4
9
6
8
12
3
12
15
7
2
8
16
12
4
13
5
10
5
6
27
4
15
21
H
22
14
9
<i
15
7
8
2
4
12
OHIO— Continued
Hk'ksville .
3
9
10
5
8
21
11
11
10
3
12
4
4
12
8
8
5
11
5
10
17
15
5
12
12
14
11
3
5
8
3
4
19
8
4
10
5
16
7
8
6
20
3
8
6
11
11
13
37
5
3
7
18
14
10
19
3
8
10
14
4
18
4
13
5
2
10
17
10
10
17
3
8
12
OHIO— Continued
Stnithers
16
llisiiiarck
nillsboro
Tallmadge.
V
Devils Lake
Hubbard
Tillin
2.1
Huron
TIpp City
4
• iraflon
Independence
Ironton
Toronto..
Jamestown
Trov
12
MaiHJail
Jaekson .
Uhrichsville
University Heights.
I'ppcr Sandusky
Urbana
Uiiyliv
Kent
25
Vallev Citv
5
\VahiH.'ton
Lakeville Village
Lebanon
10
Van Wert .. .
13
OHIO
Lincoln Heights
Lisbon
Wadsworth..
13
Wapakoneta
Warrensville
Heights
»
Ada
Lock land
Amherst
10
Ashland .
London ..
Wiishington Court
House ..
Athens
Louisville...
12
Lvndhurst
2
Maderia
Wellington
3
Harnesville
Marieniont..
Wcllston
Marietta
Wellsville
-
liedford
Martins Ferry
Marvsville
1 West CarroUton
Westerville
Hcll:iire
6
Hcllffontaine --
Mainnee
Westlake
14
HcUcvue
Mayfleld Heights...
Medina
Whitehall
13
HcreM.
WicklitTe
13
Hf\lcv
Willard
9
Middleport
Willoughby
19
Hrecksville
Minerva
Willowiek
14
Hrjilt'eport
Mingo Junction
Wilmington
Windham
1(1
\t
Mount Healthy
Mount Vernon
Wooster
!.">
Hrvan .
Wyoming
11
Xenia
21
Yellow Springs
OKLAHOMA
Ada.
;j
CanihridRe
Xew Boston..
.Xew Lexington
Xew Philadelphia..
Xewburgh Heights.
Xewconierstown
Xewton Kails
Xiles ....
Xorth Baltimore
Xorth Canton
Xorth College Hill..
Xorth Olmsted
Xorth Uoyalton
X'orwalk
Campbell
Carev
is
Altus
21
Alva
s
Cheviot
Anadarko
III
.\rtimore
3-'
Civile
.\toka
3
Bethany
11
Blackwell
15
Bristow
1)
Crestline
Broken .\rrow
Chandler
6
4
Deer Park
Oberlin
Chccolah
2
Orrville
C herokee
3
Ottawa
Chickasha..
19
1 )clphos
Oxford
C laremore
8
1 iciinison
Painesville
Clinton
10
l)()\cr
Parma Heights
Perrvsburg
Cordell
2
Kasi I'alestine
dishing.
15
I'astlake
Dol Citv
<»
Dewey
3
Port Clinton
Omicun
2'.i
Durant
12
l';iirview Park
Kittman . .
Edmond
11
Rocky River
Rossford
El Reno
15
I'ranklin
Elk City
>t
Fremont
Salem
Eufaula
•)
(Uithrie
13
Ciallii>olis ...
j Shadvside
(luymon
4
Shelby
Healdton
2
Sidney .
Henrvetta
10
Silvcrton
Hobart
4
<i rand view Heights.
Solon .
Holdenville
.5
St. Bernard
HoUis
4
Oreentleltl
St. Clairsvillc
St. Marys
Hominy
4
(iriH'nhllls
flrwnvllle
Strongsyille
Idabel
6
116
'I'alih- 27. — Stinthvr of Fiill-Tintr Pulii-r nejuirlnirttt KiitpUtyres, Apr. 3(1, I't'tH,
f'ifrVs With Pofnilation Frtun 2,500 t<t 25,000 — (ioiitiiiued
City
OKLAHOMA-Con
KiiiKtlslier
I.iihImiv
Madill'
Mai IV II Ml
Mail.uv
M.Aloter
M laiiu
NuIkiIs HUls
Nouiil.i
Okfitiah
OkiiiiilKoe
rawluiska
r.iwiuH*
I'orry
I'loher
i'otouu
I'ryor Creek
I'urct'll
SiillLsaw
Siuul Springs
Sa|>ul|>ti ,
Sayro.. ,
Seiniiiole ,
Sulpliiir ,
Tiihlfnuah... ,
Toiikawa ,
\'mii.i ,
Wa^'oiuT
\V:llt.'l.- ,
\\atci|!i:a ,
W.allurford
W'owokii ,
\\ otxlward
OESOON
Albunv
Ashluii.l
Astoria
Maker
Heaverton
IU'IhI
Hums
CfM)s Hay
Coijtiille ,
Corvallis
Cott.u-.' <irove
I>uil:i>
Kon-i I irove
<ir.iir- I'ass
«ir> -h iiii
Hcriiu-ton
Illll-t.TO
H.-i ! Hiver
Kl III. ltd Fall5
I-a < Ir iii.le
l.ak. \ I. w.... ...
I.et ii.i'ii
M. M; iivlUe
M..;'. '1
Ntil-A >-.ikie
N.-.*f..ri;
.\.w |« rl
North Mend
N\-..i
<»iit irio
Or.i. !i City
()--A.,,.
r.iili. t..n
I'riu. ^ ill..
K.li:;..ii.|
R'.-fuik.-
Sr.isi.l,.
Siherton
NuiiiNt (if
polUf Ui'-
luirtiiiiMit
eniploytH>8
City
OREOON-Con.
.sprlnclU'lil...
St. Helens...
SwiTi iloinc.
The Dulles...
Tllhunook...
West Lliin .
PENNSYLVANIA
AUIan . . .
.\nil)ler
AnibriitKe
.\rdibald
Arnold
Ashhuid
.Ashley
.\snin\vull ,
.Atnenii
Avalon
.\v.ofa.
Baden ,
Bangor
Barne.sboro
Beaver
Beaver Falls
Bedfonl
Belkfonie
Bellevue.
Bellwofxl.
Bentleyville
Berwick
Bethel
Birdsboro
Blairsville
Blakely
Blooni.sburg ,
Boyerlown
Brackeiiridge
Bradford
Brentwood
BridRoport
Bridpeville
Bristol
Brockway
Brookville
Brown.sville
Burnhain
Butler
California
Camp Hill
Canonshurg
Carbondale
Carlisle
CameRie
r.i-iii- .-"liannon
hurg.
CUuluii
Clarion
Clarks .Summit.
Cleiirflcld
Clifton HelgbtA.
rUin.r
ille ..
.ken.
I Cr^tuii
' Cmson
Numl)or of
police <le-
pikrtineiit
employees
City
PENNSYLVANIA-
Continued
Curwensvlllo
Dallas! own
Dam ille
Darhy
Derry
Dickson City
Donora
Donnonl
DowniiiRtown
D<jy lest own
Dravosliiirg
Du Hois
Dunniore.
l)u(|uesiie
Duryea.
East Coneniauph .
Eiist Lansdowne ..
East .\lcK(>eS|iort..
East FillsburRh
East .Stroiidsburg-.
EtiellsblirR
Eddysioiie
Edpewofxl
EdwardsviUe
ElizalH'th
ElizatK'thtown
Ellwood City
Emmaus
Eriijioriura
Enisworth
E|)hrata
Etna
Exeter
Farrell
Ford City
Forest City
Forest Hills
Fort y Fort .
Fountain Hill
Franklin
Free<lom
Freeland.
Freeport
Oallitzln
Gettysburg
Oirardville
O lass port
Olenolden
Oreencast le
Oreensburg
Oreentree
Oreenville
Grove City
Hamburg
Hanover
Hanover Township.
Hellertown
Hollidayshurg
Homestead
Honesdale
Hunmielstown
Huntingdon
Indiana ..
Ingram
Irwin. .
Jeiuinette
Jenkintown...
Jermyn
Jers<'y .^hore..
Jim Thorpe
John.sonburg
Kane .
Kenhorst
Kennett Square
NuiiiImt of
pollc- de-
part iiieiit
employees
117
'l'iil>N- 27. — \iniilnT itf I'liH-Ti/nr I'nlitt' DfjHirt ttn-iit l!niftJi>yres, ipr. 30, 1958,
('.ili«'s H ilh I'ltimlitlitut I' rum 2,.)00 lit 2.'t,IKI(t — < Ion t iiiiitMl
City
i
Number of
police de-
i)arlmpnt
employpos
City
Number of
police de-
partment
employws
City
Number of
police de-
partment
employees
PENNSYLVANIA—
Continued
l\iii);sli>li
18
9
3
14
15
5
6
15
2
3
5
4
4
16
4
2
15
I
1
2
12
4
1
4
2
20
27
4
10
3
9
14
1
7
7
4
10
21
11
1
9
8
2
7
3
5
5
2
24
2
15
2
5
6
6
4
2
20
2
4
2
10
2
4
8
2.1
r,
5
4
4
6
6
2
PENNSYLVANIA-
Continued
I'enbrook
Phllipsbure
2
5
14
3
21
li
12
11
2
3
.30
4
10
7
10
4
2
3
4
2
6
3
6
5
6
4
11
17
15
8
11
5
12
4
6
2 '
8
4
I
2
1
1
2
4
5
5
15
13
15
9
3
13
2
10
19
2
8
9
3
3
13
4
3
17
6
4
44
2
10
()
IN
111
PENNSYLVANIA—
Continued
AVaviiesburg
Weatherlv
5
2
Kiitziown
Phoenixvlllp
Pitcairn
%Vellsboro
4
Weslevvllle
3
PIttslon
West Chester
West llazleton
[ West Homestead...
West Newton
West PItlston
' West Reading
West View
West Wyoming
AVest York
20
F'lahKS .. -.
4
l.irksvillp
Plea.fant HllLs
Plvnioufh
13
2
1. iiircldalp
Port Allegany
Portage
Poltsvllle
5
r,
Prospect Park
Punxsutawney
Quakertow-n
Rankin
4
3
Westmont
n
Mtit/
Whitehall
14
Red Lion
M'hiteoak..
5
Rcnovo
Wilmerdlnj
10
ReynoldsvUle
Ridgwav .- -.
Wilson
4
\hilianoy City
Windber
Roaring" Spring
Rochester .
Winton
3
Wyoming
2
Roversford
Wyomi.ssing
Yeadon
9
Sayrc
Schuylkill Haven...
Scot I dale.
15
2
McAdoo
Zelienople
RHODE ISLAND
Harrington
4
McDonald
M(K..-s Ropks
Miadville
Sewickley...
MccliaiiicsbiirB
M I'd la
Iti
Sharon Tlill _
Sharpsliurg
Sharpsville
1 Shenandoah ...
1 Shillington
j Shippenshurg
Slatington
Somerset.
Soiiderton
Bristol
13
Hurrillville
Central Falls
Cumberland
East <ireenwlch
Johnston
4
MidillclowTi
Mi.ll.iiid
33
14
MillcisvillP
9
.\lill\al('
l.f
.Milldii . . .
i;t
Miners villP .
-North Providence..
1 Warren
West Warwick
Westerly
i SOUTH
CAROLINA
' .\bbeville
21
12
South Fork
27
M onongahpla
.Monloursvillp
South Crreenshurg. .
South Williainsport
Southwest tlreens-
burg
20
Miumt Carmol
Spring City
Spriiigdale .
10
1 Aiken
20
St. Clair
! Anderson
44
St. Marys
State College
' Sleelton
1 .\ndrews
5
Haml>erg
4
M iinhall
Hatesl)urg ..
6
M verstown
Stowe Township ...
1 Stroiidshurg
Suniniil Hill .
Sunburv
Heaufort
10
' Helton
6
\anlvtMo
Hennettsville..
i Hishopville
13
Narhcrth
5
Nazarolh
New Hriphlon . .
Susfiiiehaiina
Swart h more
Swiss vale.
Swoverville
Camden
Cheraw
19
10
\i-\v ("lunlicrland .
Chester
13
New llolialid..
Clinton
12
Norlh Hra.ldock ..
! Tarriaqua
Clover
Tarentlim
17
North Kiisl
! Tavlor
Darlington
15
North \\.i\rs . . .
Throop
5
Northaliiplon
Titlisvillp
Dillon
11
NorthiiinhiTland. . .
Towanda:
Easley
8
NorwiMKi
1 TratTord
Fort Mill
Oaknidiit
1 Turtle Creek
Tyrone
' (latTnev
2(1
Oil City
21
Old Vnrge
I iiion CItV
32
Olyplmnt
' t'niontown
17
Oxford
Cpland
Vandergrlft
rallliiTton
Honea Path
Kingslree
I'lrkcshiirp
I'.ti Vrgyj
III
Waynesboro
1 Lake City
h
118
liihU- 27. — \uinln-r nf riill-'l'inn- I'nliri' Ih-itnrl nn-ii I /•,'/M/>/«»y*'«'.s, Apr. .'
Citivn If ith Pnpulatian From 2,500 to 25,000 — Cuntiiiued
W, 1958,
City
Number of
tK)llif df-
luirtnu-nt
employ tfs
city
NumlxT of
pollcv de-
(wrtment
employees
city
NumN-rof
[M)llc«' de
partment
employees
SOUTH
CAROLINA Con.
18
18
5
13
4
12
21
15
M
331
32
li'i
8
5
4
8
7
28
4
6
3
4
7
20
4
2
9
4
19
7
11
4
3
i
5
13
3
4
11
9
9
10
21
6
35
22
1-
111
8
7
19
19
5
8
In
IJ
2l'
ll
TENNESSEE Con.
LnwniKvliurK
L<-l)ation
9
12
9
11
tl
f,
15
4
11
7
11
19
6
22
10
17
8
5
7
4
15
4
6
14
7
10
14
9
1
13
15
3
6
2
14
35
9
4
5
2
9
9
35
12
4
7
9
14
21
1
4
2
4
2
5
5
9
8
l(t
2
5
5
9
2
1
.1
14
ii
TEXAS— Continned
DetJitur
3
Liilini.strr
Del Hio
]|
l.aiin-n.s. . ..
Li'iioir City
20
MaiiniliK..
Li>\vl.sl>urK
7
MiiruMi
London
Martin
Duhlin
2
MK'oIl
12
Mullin.s
Marjvillo
McKi-nitit'
Eat'le Lake
2
Mvitlf Moach
g
.Ni'wUrry
Mc.MinnviUe
Milan
Eastland
4
-North .\u|!US(a
EdlnhurK
12
C)nmt:»'''urg .
MillinKton
El f'am|K)
8
.'JoiH'ca
Morri.stown
Mount I'lrasant
M urfr«< sl>oro
.N"rw|Kirt
Elect ra
7
Siiiiittr
ElRJn
1
Kalfurrias ,
5
Wiilhalla
2
Waltcrlioro
Fort ."Stockton
Frederloksbunr
Free port
6
\\ hi I III ire
Pulaski
1
\\'illiainston -
Riplcv
14
Winiisboro
Rofkwood
Gainesville
14
York
Ropcrsville
Galena Park
Olddinns
12
Sholhvvillo
2
SOUTH
South rittsbunr
Sjwrta
Gilmer
7
DAKOTA
Glade water
12
Springfleld
Gonz.ales
1
AUr.li-.'ii
7
lit lU- Kourche
Tullahoina
23
Hri)okings
Union City
Haltom .
21
(".iiilon
Hamilton
2
I)va«lw(X)d
TEXAS
Alamo
.\lamo IleiRhts
Aliw
Hamlin
3
Hot Springs
lla-skell
2
Huron
6
Ua.l
16
I.4miiion....
12
M,i.!i-oii
Illghland Park
Illllshoro
20
M:ll..Mk
Alpine
7
M.r. ).-n.
Andrews
Hunt-iville
7
Mot.t;.I({e
Jacinto City
Jacksonville
7
r,.rr.
Aransas Pass
10
K. ■.!;:. |.|
5
Si<^' t"ii
4
4
SturL';<
Rallinper
3
Vi rii! .llion
Bastrop
Kermit
9
\V i'. rtown
Bay City
Kerrvllle
16
W.lM.r
Beeville
Kilpore
17
Killeen
17
Yankton ...
2
La Porte
5
TENRESSEX
Bnuly
BreckenridRe
Brown field
Lake Jackson
5
15
A1.-..1
Lampa.sa.s
1
Atli.ii- . . .
Brown wood
Cal\-ert
7
H.ll. -M....I.-
Levelland
10
Hri.-t'.l
LifM'rty .
3
Urowi.^vilk-
Liltlefleld
8
Clirk-ville
Livlneston
3
Cl.v. !.n<l . .
r.rri/o Springs
Llano
2
Cl.iit..:!
Lufkln
21
CMJuiiil.ia
LulinK
1
r«-.k. Mile
CLstu "......'..
Marlin
6
Ciiv rulon
MathLs
3
I)l(k-"I1
M c<^'amey
3
I)\i r-''iint..
McKlnney
21
Kli; li- thtoo
Coleman
Collette Station
r..l..r.i.l.>CUy
Memphis
Merce<les
4
3
F !>• 't. vilk»
Fr.iiiklm
Mexla
Mlneola
6
S
Gall.it n
Mineral Wells
M;--i..n
8
10
• Lsant ...
Il.«
8
HuttiNiMl
1
10
Jeflcnu.n City
K inK$i)ort
1
Ii
3
La Follette
Dalhart
Ncderland
3
ir.>
;il»l«- 27. — '\iiniln-r t>J rnll-'liinr I'ttlitr l)4'fnirl nirn I I'm plovers, Apr. 30, I95H.
i'.itif.s M ilii l'i>inilutitni I'nnn 2,'i()0 tit 2.>.0(>() — ( iiwitiiuied
TEXAS Con.
\i>\\ Ddstoti . ...
\c\v Hraiinrt'ls
NiX'dna
(Mmiis I'ark
n|iii-\ .
railllciili
I'alaciiis
I'alisliiic
I'ampa
I'aris
I'rcos
I'crrvton
I'liarr
I'illsliiirp
I'lainview
I'ri'inonl
Kaiigcr
Raytnondvllle —
Refugio --
Robstown
Rosen berp
Rotun - --.
Rusk .
San .\iii;ustinp
San Benito
San Marcos ..
San Saba
Seguin
Seminole —
Seymour
Shamrock..
Silsbee .-
Sinton
Slalon .
Snyder
South Houston
Stamford
Stei)lu'nville _ —
Sulphur Springs ..
Sweetwater
Taft
Tahoka.-
Taylor
Teague
Terrell
'ICrrcll Hills
Tulia -
Cvahle
N'eriion
^Va\ahaehle
^\'eatherfo^d
\\ ellington
\Veslaeo.
West I'niversity
IMaee
Wharton
W imislioro
> n;ikllin
^ Orklnwn
DTAH
Aiiieriran Fork
fini^haiii Canyon
Kdunliful
Kiiphani
<edarCity
Clcartii-ld
ll.'iM'r .
llrllM'l
l.aMi.n
I.el'ii
!.in.'an
Midvale
Murray
N'umlter of
police de-
partment
employees
City
2
14
3
3
3
3
2
15
26
23
15
8
13
2
25
1
6
7
3
14
9
3
4
2
8
14
1
11
6
3
3
2
6
8
21
8 I
5 1:
8
l(i i
23 l'
2 \,
2 I
9 !■
2 I
12 1;
5 ,
UTAH Con.
Neplii
Orem
Payson .
Plea.sant Orove..
I'rifv.
Riehfield
Roy
South Ogden
South Salt Lake.
Spanish Fork.. .
Spring ville
St. George
Tooele
Vernal .
VERMONT
IJarre
Bellows Falls. .
Bennington
Brattlehoro
Essex Junction
Middlehury
Montpelier
Newport -
Rutland
Springfield
St. Albans
St. Johnsbury.
Waterbiiry
Windsor _.
Winooski
VIRGINIA
.\bingdon
.\ltavista
.\shland -.
Bedford
Blacksburg
Blackstone
Bluefield..
Bristol.
Biieiia Vista
Chase City
(^hincoteague
(Mirisliansl>urg ..
CliflDii Forge. .
Colonial Heights.
Ciiviiii;lon -
Culpi'licr ..
KiM|iori:i
Falls Church...
Fainiville ..
Fraiikhii
Fredcrieksluirg .
Front Koval
Oalax.. ■ ... -
Harrisonburg
HoiMwell
Lexington
Luray ..
Marion.
Martinsville
Narrows
Norton
Orange . . .
Pulaski
Radford...
Richlands
Salem . . ...
.Saltville
.South Boston. . .
South Norfolk..
Staunton
Number of
police de-
partment
employees
VDtOINIA— Con.
Suffolk
Vinton.
Virginia Beach
Waynesboro
Winchester
Wylheville
WASHINGTON
AV)erdeen
Anacortes
Auburn
Belle vue.
Buckley
Caniiis
Centralia
Chehalis
Cheney..
Clarkston
Colfax
Colville
Dayton
Ellensljurg
Enumclaw
Ephrata
(trand Coulee
CJrandview
Hoquiam
Kelso .
Kennewick
Kent
Kirkland
Longview
Moses Lake. _
Mount Vernon
Olympia
Oinak
Pasco
Port .\ngeles
Port Town.send
Pullman
Puyallup
Raymond
Renton
Sedro WooUey
Shelton
Snohomish ...
Sunmer
Sunnyside
ToppenLsh..
Tumwater. .
Wapafo _.
Wenatchee
WEST VIRGINIA
Beckley . ..
Benwood.. .
BluefieM
Buckhannon...
Charles Town.
Chesapeake
Chester
Ounbar
KIkins
Follansbee
Grafton
Hinlon
Kenova
Keyser
lyOgan
Mannington..
Martinsburg...
Mc.Mechen
Montgomery..
NumlKT of
poliiv de
partnient
eniployei's
Tublf 27. — .\itinbtr tij I'ull-iiinv I'oliir Di-purl ini-nt EinpUtyvvs, Apr. 30, l'J5H,
Cities If it h HopuUitioii From 2,500 to 25,000 — (Continued
City
Number of
iwllif de-
partment
employiH'S
City
Number of
polli-e de-
partment
employees
City
NumlH'r of
(Hillee de-
partment
employet's
WEST VIRGINIA
Continued
13
4
4
»
2
4
2
13
•i
2
3
21
3
10
1
2
15
5
2
2
12
4
12
14
14
16
4
4
12
4
19
7
4
■.M
9
WISCONSIN- Con.
Doilmvillc
3
5
5
11
21
6
K
3
5
5
5
10
3
4
4
7
3
4
4
17
21
4
2
23
12
13
5
14
29
3
4
10
4
2
4
6
5
11
6
6
13
11
6
WISCONSIN Con.
Rilioii. .
Riv.r Falls..
Shawano.
Sheboypan Falls
Shorewood
South Milwaukee...
SparUi
Moiiiidsvilli'
Edi-'erton..
4
MulU'iis .
Klkliorn
8
.\iw Martinsville...
Nitro
Kvansvllle
Fort Atkinson
Fox I'oint
4
25
Oak Mill
23
I'adi-Il Cilv
(ireendale.
7
riulippi . .
Hartford
5
Ilorieon
Stevens Point
StouRhton
20
I'oint rieasant
Hudson
6
rnnei'ton
Hurley
Sturgeon Bay
Tomah
Tomahawk
9
Jefferson
7
Kaukauna
4
Two Rivers •....
LS
Kinibcrly
4
Ladvsmith
Wat«'rtown..
18
SI. Allians..
Lake (Jeneva
Lake Mills
Waukesha
48
s
War
Laneiister
Waupun
West Bend...
West Milwaukee...
Whitefl.sh Bay
Whiti-wal<r
Wiseonsiri Itapids..
WYOMING
Buffalo..
Cody.
noiiplas
Evanstoii
Green River
Lander. -.
Laniiiiie..
Lov.ll
Xew(-.i>lle
Powrll
Rawliii- ..
Riv.Tton
Rm-k Springs.
Slieridaii
Tliemiopolis
Torrington
WorlaiKi
7
Weleh
Little Chute
Marinette
10
w.llsl.urK
20
Wi'Stover .
Marshfleld
26
\\ hit'' Sulphur
SpriiiKs
Mavville
8
Medford
22
W ilU:im.-i(iii
Menoinonie
WISCONSIN
Merrill
Monona
6
.\lpoma
12
Aiitigo
3
A>hland
Neillsvllle
•y
H inil'oo
N'ew Rk'hniond
Oconomowoc
4
H.aver Dam
Hrrlln
7
17
Bhiek River Falls...
Onalaska
2
Bloomer.
Park Falls
6
BurlliiKton
Platteville
10
('••darNurR
Plvniouth
14
Chlpjji'wa Falls . . .
n
Clintonvllle
Prairie Ou Chien...
H.f<lsburp ---
1.1
("olumbus
15
("iidahy
Rhiiuliinder
Rlc> I^ike
Riehland CenUr...
11
I)e Pere
7
Di'lavan
8
1-21
JUJL
UNIFORM
CRIME
REPORTS
FOR THE UNITED STATES
FOR RELEASE TUESDAY. A. M., DEC. 9, 1?58
/ssafD fiy IHl
FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
WASHINGTON, D. C.
SPECIAL ISSUE • 1958
UNIFORM
CRIME REPORTS
FOR THE UNITED STATES
SPECIAL ISSUE, 1958
Issued by the
Federal Bureau of Investigation
United Statis Depart nwnt of Justice
Washington, I). C
ADVISORY
Committee on Uniform Crime Records
International Association of Chiefs of Police
STANI.KV K. S(HK<)TKL. ( hicf of Polici-
( incinnati. <)hi«», (liairnian
UMTKI) STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 19S8
I^tston Public Library
Superintendent of Documents
Conlrnttf/^N 2 8 1959
Pnije
SimuiDiiv of sj)i'('ial issiio, lOoS l-;j
lu'porl of Consultant Committee: DEPOSITORY
J.etter of transmittal 7-8
Introduction 9-13
Importance of Uniform Crime Reporting Program
and the role of the Consultant Committee . . . . 9-11
Voluntary nature of cooperation in data collection . . 1 1-12
The broader function of the Uniform Crime Reports . 12-13
Analysis of present practices and recommendations . . . 14-44
Policies in making changes in the UCR's 14
Continuity of the statistical series 14
The objectives of the Uniform Crime Reporting
Program 15-18
Collection and publication of data 18-20
Frequency of reports from cooperating police
departments 18-19
Frequency of publication 19-20
Classification of ofl'enses 20-28
Part I and part TI ofTenses 20 25
Manslaughter by negligence 25-27
Petty larceny 27-28
Auto theft 28
General United States crime statistics ..;.... 29-41
Rural versus urban criminality 29 31
Crime rates 31-33
Estimating the totals 33-37
The trends 37-38
Present data gathering versus sampling .... 39-40
Miscellaneous ofl'enses 40-41
Juvenile oll'enders 41-43
Various editorial matters , 43-44
A Permanent Technical Consultant Committee 45-46
Appendix I. Proposed agenda for the Committee . . . 47-49
Appendix II. Exploratory tabulations using Standard
Metropolitan Areas 51-62
Appcnchxlll. List of actions taken by the Committee . . 63-70
Data for l!t57 from police reports 71-74
Oli'enses cleared and persons arivsted, 1957:
Ofl'enses cleared by arrest (tables 1.2) 72-73
( )ll"<'nses known, ofl'enses cleared, jicnsons charged and
persons found guilty (table 3) 74
Persons charged and persons found guilty (table 4) . . 74
(II)
UNIFORM CRIIVIE REPORTS
J. Kdt;ur Hoovit, Dirt'ctor, I'l-dt-ral Iturcau oT Inve.sti((u(iun, l". S. I)i-par(nicnt
of Justice, Washington, D. (".
Special Issue November 1958
Siiiniiiary
Di.sciniliiniuiicf «>/ Sriniiiimmil Pitblication
I'liifoiin C'rinu' Kopoils, |)ul)lisluHl scniiaiiiuially since 1941, will he
piii)lisiu>(l only once each year in the fulnre. This action follows the
reconinuMuhition of a Consultant Committee and will hring together
in one aimual pul)lication all crime data for the calendar year. The
19f)8 Uniform Crime Reports will he puhlished in the fall of 1959.
Purpose of l9iiH Spcfutl Issue of L niforni Crime liejwrts
The special issue of I'niforni Crime Rej^orts ])resc'nted here has as
its primary purpose the puhlication of the rejjort and related papers of
the Consultant Committee on Uniform Crime Reporting and also to
l)resent, for continuity i)urpose, 1957 crime data which was not in-
clutled in the 1957 annual issue of Uniform Crime Reports.
Consultant Cotnntit tee on I nifitrtn Crime Reporting
Late in 1957 tiie FBI emi)loyed a Consultant Committee on Uni-
form Crime Reporting to make an independent analysis of the Uniform
Crime Reporting program. The survey was made by Dr. Peter P,
Lejins. Department of Sociology. I'niversity of Maryland, Chairman:
Dr. Charlton F. Chute, Director of the Institute of Public Administra-
tion, New York City; and Mr. Stanley R. Schrotel, Chief of Police at
Cinciimati. Ohio.
Copies of the report of the Consultant Committee were furnished
to members of tlie Committee on Uniform Crime Records of the
International Association of Cliiefs of l\)lice (lACP) for their iiuli-
vidual reactions prior to publication of it here. While general endorse-
ment of the report was given by the lACP group, some concern was
e.xpressed as to whether the ])olic»' would, under the recommendations,
luive available in the future the i)asic information that they have had
in the past and whether that information would be available on a
relativelv current basis.
(1)
Since tlu'so (|ii('s(ioiis may arise in the minds of otlicr usei-s of the
(lata, it is suggested that the answer to tliem will be found in the
(U'greo tlie Flil finds it i)ossil)h» to imi)lement the prinrii)k'S set forth
in the report, particularly as to recommendation 2 (p. 14) and recom-
mendation 7 (p. 20).
Recommendation 2 suggests that in any clianges of format in the
publication of Uniform Crime Reports the FBI make every reasonable
effort to maintain continuity with reference to the crime statistics that
have l)een publislied in the past. In rcconmiendation 7 the Consult-
ant Committee, while suggesting that only one annual ])ulletin be
issued, pointed out that "issuance of intermediate publications of
limited scope, which the FBI might find apjjropriate for release, is of
course not precluded by this recommendation but is actually en-
couraged."
For the information of the police and other users of the Tniform
Crime Reports, the FBI is in accord with all of the recommendations
of the Consultant Committee. With particular reference to the two
recommendations referred to above, it is the present plan to issue
(juarterly releases in the nature of preliminary data showing crime
trends for the most recent available period for cities by population
group and also the number of offenses reported by individual cities
with population in excess of 100,000. For example, acconling to
present plans, in April or May of 1959 such a release of preliminary
(Uita covering the 1958 calendar year would be published with the
expressed understanding that the data are subject to minor adjust-
ments on the basis of additional reports and correspondence with
contributing agencies. .\])])roximately 3 months later, ])reliminary
figures covering the first quarter of the calendar j'ear 1959 would be
released and so on throughout the year.
in the early fall of 1959 a complete annual Uniform Crime Reports
covering all available statistics compiled under Uniform Crime
Reporting in considerable detail would be available for distribution.
In the new annual Uniform Crime Reports a more convenient
treatment of police statistics will be available in one volume for the
general reader plus more meaningful presentations which will assist
])(>lice and others interested in the crime ])roblem.
.\n index to crime will be continued but emphasis is to l)e shifted
somewhat from the original Part I crimes which were designed over
a (|uarter of a century ago by the International .Vssociation of Chiefs
of Police to serve such a purjjose and which have been so used in
Uniform Crime Reports. Classifications retained for crime iiuhw
piiri)()ses are: Murder and noniiegligent manslaughter; forcible rape;
robbery; aggravated assault; burglary; larcen}', $50 and over; and
auto theft.
3
Now tlint mo<\ of the i)()])ulnli(Hi is concciitiMlcd in aixl nrouiid
cities with a n'sulttint loss of line iiiral areas in many instances, the
retention of the distinction in ciinie tahh's separated oidy as to citij'S
and rural has heeonie inade(|uate as a means of contrasting; difrercncos
in crime experience hetween two areas formerly dissimilar in character.
Critne re|)ortin«j: jurisdictions do not automatically shift with i\w
po|)ulation and today many sherill's who report for areas in their
county which are outside the limits of cities are in effect reporting; the
e<|uivalent of city crime insofar as volume is concerned.
Because of the impossihility of se|)aratin{; from a sheriff's crime
re|)ort that portion of crime which covers areas inhan in character
hut which are not cities, and because it would he entirely t<>o l>urden-
somc to the report in<r law enforcement agencies to maintain several
sets of statistical fi»jures for reporting purposes, a basis of publication
other than city (urban) and rural was recommended, the Standard
Metrojjolitan Area.
A i)resentation of crime data for the three areas will be shown:
1) Standard Metropolitan Areas; (2) Other Cities; (3) Rural. A
Standard Metroinditan Area, as defined by the Bureau of tlie Census,
generally is a county which contains at least 1 city of aO,0()0 iidiabit-
ants i)lus any contiguous counties essentially metroj)olitan in ciiarac-
ter and sufliciently integrated with the central city. Reporting juris-
dictions for crime-reporting purposes coincide willi the boundaries of
areas included in a Stan<lard Metropolitan Area. Outside these
|)()[)ulation centei-s are other cities and the rural areas. Tabulations
will not be limited to the three areas enumerated above but the use
of the Standard Metropolitan Area data will permit the i)resentatioii
of crime rates based on poj)ulation estimates in the l)etw(>en-census
yeai-s which can be made available by the Bureau of the Census. A
limited e.\i)loratory tabulation illustrating in a general way the steps
involved in the procedure to be followed for the above three areas is
presented in Appendi.x II of the Report, page 51. It will be observed
from the indicated tabulation that one product of the proposed pro-
cedure will be an estimate of total known crime in the l'nit«'(l States
for selected categories with the detailed steps used in arriving at the
estimates shown clearly.
Ihild for I'i'u Ironi Pttlirr Uvjutrts
()freiis<-s Ch'iirril and INtsoiis Arrcsicil, 1957. .Vvailable data on
offenses cleared, pel-sons charged, and persons found guilty, compiled
before receipt of the Consultant Committee report, are included in
this special issue to round out tlie 19')7 data included in the annual
issue for 19.')7 I'liifiirin ( 'rinic Rc|>orts. paL'c 71.
UNIFORM CRIME
REPORTING
Report oj the Consultant Committee
September IQ.'SS
I)|{. PktI-H I', l.ljiys. Drp<irlrnrnl of Sociology, L niivrsily uf Murvlanil
(Cluiirman)
Dk. (!ii\hi.ton Y. CnvTV.. Director, Institute of Public Adminisiniiion,
Neiv York City
Mk. Sta.nlkv K. ^cuuotel. Chief <f Pitlicc. Ciiicinntili. Ohio
(5)
Letter of rraiisininal
Ski-i-kmukk 'JU, 1958.
M I . .1. Kix.Ai; lluoVKU,
l>incior, Federal Jiurcaii of Inrtstitjatio/i,
l'nit<(/ Staffs I)< jHirhiK lit of Justicr, Wds/ilnijton, I). ('.
Dkak Mk. IIoovkic: Hcirwitli I am traiisiiiil(iii«x (o you (lie report
t'f tlu' Consultant Coininittfc on rniforin Crime Reporting. 'I'lie
report is self-explanatory and as such needs no further introduction or
commentary. Dr. Charlton F. Chute and Chief Stanley K. Sehrolel
( Miicur with mo, however, in the wish to take this oppoitunity and to
slate the general position of this (\)mmittee on the rnifoiin Crime
luportintr Program and its own role with reference to it.
'The Committee considers the Uniform Crime Reports uncjuestion-
al)ly the most important source of infonnation on crime in this
(•(tun try on a national scale, of use to both practitioner and scholar.
Their j)ublication is an outstanding accomplishment. For this the
Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the personnel
directly responsii)le for the production of the Reports, the Inter-
nal iomd Association of Chiefs of Police and its Committee on Uniform
("rime Reporting, and the cooperating police departments deserve a
c«)mj)liment of the higiiest ortler from those who are concerned with
the problem of crime in the United States.
Perhaps the most outstanding feature of the Uniform Crime
Re|)orting Program is the fact that for all of the information con-
tained in the Reports the Bureau has to depend on the voluntary
cooperation of the police throughout the country. Many other
attempts by other agencies to secure continuous nationwide coopera-
tion in similar enterprises liave failed. The Bureau's accomplish-
ment in securing in many respects well-nigh universal coverage is
unique. It reflects a delicate balance in the exercise of vigor and tact
in the Bureau's relations with the participating police agencies, and
must be attributed, of course, to the tremendous overall prestige
which the Bureau enjoys in this country.
The Committee sees itself as an instrument devj-loped by the FBI
in the hitter's continuous effort to improve the Uniform Crime
Reporting Program. The Committee's suggestions for changes
shouhl by no means be interpreted as criticism of the program as such,
but rather as recognition of the need for continuous adjustment which
every program of this nature requires. With constant changes in the
crime |)icture, with changes in the patterns of law enforcement, with
(7)
4v74_.S»_58 2
8
the LTiidtial progress in tlip scioiioo and t('clini(|ii('s of gathering: and
pirsciitiiig statistical information, the need for adai)tation of the
program tlirongh periodic revision is to he expected.
In reading this repoi't it sliould he kept in mind that althougii the
( 'ommiitee was invited to review the Uniform Crime Reports in their
entirety, it was charged at the outset with the task of considering
certain specific issues which were of primary concern to the staff en-
gaged in tiie production of tlie Reports. There were limits to the
lime availal)le to the (Committee, whicli in turn restricted the scope
(»f the project. By pointing this out, tlie Committee is not attempting
to dodge responsibility for the content of its report, but rather wishes
it to be very clear that the issues discussed therein are only selected
issues wliich appeared to be particularly important, and that there
may be other points which could appropriately be raised.
Tlie Committee is particularly pleased to acknowledge the wonder-
ful cooperation it received from the staff of the Bureau. It felt all
along that the staff took the Committee fully into its confidence and
made a real effort to supply all necessary information and answer all
questions.
Through its recommendations the Committee hopes to contribute
in some measure to the even greater usefulness of the Uniform Crime
Reporting Program and is sure that this Pi'ogram will continue as the
most important segment of the nationwi(h» criminal statistics puh-
lislied in the United States,
Sincerely yours,
(S) Peter P. Lejins,
Peter P. Lejins,
Cha irman ,
Consultant Committee on Uniform Crime Reporting.
Inlroducliori
ItniHntdinc of I nlforni i.iinu- lir/Hn-tinfi Program and tliv little
oj tlw i'.oiisiilltiiil ('.(niiniittee
WluMi aijpoiiitiii^ the Consultant, Committee on Uniform ('limc
Ri'portin*;, the Federal I^ureau of Invest i<i:ation drew up a proposed
airenda for the stutly to be undertaken.' This agenda was predieated
upon reeognition of the faet that the time had come to review the
rniform Crime Reporting Program, in existence since 1030, "for the
purpose of making suggestions." The task was delineated as a very
general one, to wit, "these suggestions may cover any phase of the
eolleetion or puhlieation of the data that comes to mind in the light
of the experience gaineil thus far."
More speciiically, however, three issues were tentatively singled
t)ut for study, indicating to the Committee the current areas of
primary concern to the personnel in cliarge of the publication. These
were: 1. The population basis for the computation of the rates,
especially in view of the rapid population changes occurring between
the ih'cennial United States censuses; 2. the question of reporting
criminal offenses for the rural population, which arises in view of the
fact that numy rural areas, especially those in the vicinity of the large
metropolitan centers have actually become urban in character, al-
though retaining their rural police jurisdiction; and 3. the makeup of
the group of olTenses labeled "Part I olTenses," especially with reference
to the inclusion of manslaughter by negligence and larceny, and above
all pett}' larceny.
The suggestion of these specific issues served to channel the Com-
mittee's work accordingl}'. But in order to see these issues in the
overall perspective, the Committee had to resort to a broader review
of the program and thus approached the more general assignment
suggesteil in the tentative ageiula.
The proposetl agenda suggested, moreover, that the Committee
keep in mind in its reconnniMuhitions both the criminal statistics
standpoint and the police slamlpoint.
It should be pointed out that the Committee had definite time and
personnel limitations, and its study and this report should therefore
nt)l be interpreted as an all-inclusive <>i- cxlijiustive analy-i- of (he
Uniform Crime Ueporting Program.
The CVmsultant Committee a|)pr()iirhtil il.> task with full n ah/alion
of llie great importance of the Uniform Crime Ke])orling Program of
the FBI for police work, law enforcement, and crime control in general,
* Sc« .\p|icadU 1.
(0)
10
a< well as for rcscnrcli and the scientific interpretation of the crime
situation. The Committee was fully aware of the fact that the
I'niforin Crime Reports are the only general crime statistics on a
nationwi(h^ scale available at the present time in the United States.
Other criminal statistics are only partial, that is, they deal only with
some particular cate^i^ory of ofTensi's, or have very limite<l coverage.
By way of an example, one might mention the Juvenile Court
Statistics published by the Children's Bureau. In achlition to being
limited to juvenile delin((uency, these statistics were admittedly
"incomplete both in items reported and geograpiiical representation." '
The new metlHxl introduced beginning with the 1956 data resorts to a
sampling procedure, rather than attempting to collect the information
for all the courts.- The National Safety Council statistics on traffic
deaths, which constitute the greater part of man.slaughter bj^ negli-
gence, present a similar problem. While these may be good statistics,
they deal, of course, with only one particular offense. Similarly,
one might mention the arson or embezzlement statistics which are
attempted on a national scale by organizations in the respective areas.
In addition to again being onl}' partial statistics, they are also very
incomplete. The National Prisoner Statistics, collected and pub-
lished at the present time by the Federal Bureau of Prisons, are still
another example. While these are excellent statistics, they do not
deal directly with the overall crime situation but rather with one
single aspect of it, that is, with the institutionalized ofTenders. In
that sense they reflect the policy and the facilities in the area of
imprisonment rather than the crime situation in the country.
The so-called Judicial Criminal Statistics, collected and published
by the Bureau of the Census once upon a time, may well serve as an
example of statistics which had to be discontinued because of ob-
stacles which the Uniform Crime Reporting Program managed to
overcome. They represented an ambitious undertaking of having
statistics of crime based on the offenses established by the courts.
This statistical series never secured the continuous coojieration of a
sullicient number of courts and was discontinued at the r(H"ommen»la-
tion of a special committee, called together by the Bureau of the
Budget, since the statistics seemed totally useless in the form in
which they appeared.
The Committee was aware of the generally accepted theoretical
position that at least for the United States, in view of the structure
of law enforcement in this country, crimes known to the ])olice rejue-
sent the best statistics for the purpose of a crime index both as to
total volume, the volume of separate ofTenses, and in general.
The Committee therefore api)roaehed its task with re<*ognition of
' I. Rl(h;ir'l Pcrlman. "Reporting Juvenile Delinquency, " NPPA Journal, July 19.'>7, p. 24').
' Jun niu Court Slaliilics. 19.56. Children's Burenu Statistical .Scries No. 47, 1958, Washington, D. C, p. 1.
11
the iin])()rtniiro of \\\o T'nifoini Ciijiio R('j)()i(in^ Profrrnin, roroprii-
lion of the ti-('iiUMul()Us ^vol•k doiio by the Fcdcnil Bureau of luvcsli-
puiou iu ciun iiu^' (uit this program, and awareness of the fart that
this j)ri\«;rnni shouhi hy nil means i)e contiinied and ene<)ura<xed.
The (\)ninuttee's suggestions for some ehanges should therefore not
))(• interpreted as critieism of the i)rogiiim as such; they are meant to
he constructive suggestions for further im])rovement. The Com-
mittee sees itself as an instrunu'nl developed by the FBI in the latter's
eontiiuied efforts to improve its Tniform Crime Reporting Program.
\\'ith tiie constant changes taking ])la('e in the crime picture, with
changes in the patterns of law enforcement, with the gradual progress
being made in the science and techniques of gathering and presenting
statistical information, the need for adajjtation of all progi-ams of this
type through jx-rioilic revision is to be expected. The recommenda-
tions of this Committee and the work on which those recommendations
are based shoidd be looked upon as art instance of such continuous
pioirrani review.
I (tliinttirv N</M/rf of Cooperation in Data dollrrtiftn
In approaching tiie FBI Uniform Crime Reports, it should be kept
in mintl that tjje relationshij) between the FBI and the police depart-
ments which sui){)ly the FBI with the statistical ilata on which the
reports are based is one of voluntary cooperation. The FBI does
not have any legal authority over the local police departments where-
by it could refjuire the statistical information and j^rescribe the way
and the form in which it should be supplied. This fact is very often
overlooked, especially by those who compare the Uniform Crime Re-
ports with police statistics coming from abroad, where tlie relation-
ship between the police authority of the central political government
and the local police departments is frequently one of subordination
ami where the local |)olice force is simply a branch or part of the
central authority, so that the latter can issue directives which must
be followed.
It is in the nature of American government that most matters of
law enforcement are in the hands of the States, counties, municipalities,
etc. The local police is not in any way obligated to fulfill the re-
quests or follow the tlirections of the Federal agency, but the relation-
ship depends entirely upon voluntary cooperation at all levels. This
type of relationship, of course, in many ways affects the j)rocess of
collecting the infornnition needed for the Uniform Crime Rep()rl>.
First, the information is only as complete and accurate as th«' local
police authorities are willing to make it. If the local authorities
ciioose not to report at all, to report irregularly, or to report incom-
pletely, nothing can be done about this in the sense of ordering them
12
to do tliiiu^'s the way tlicv should he (lon(\ In addition, tlic type of
cooporation rocoivcd by the FBI in this area cannot he intcrprctod
I'xclnsivcly as a (h-iuonstration of the I'fTcctivt'ncss of the P'BI in so-
cniinj: tlic infoiination fi'oin tlic police antlioritics. The amount of
cooperation hy the police authorities expresses not only their cooper-
ativeness or lack thereof with the FBI, but the «reneral climate of
relations between local government and the Federal Government in
niiy area. It is true that the FBI can, to a certain extent, improve
tiiis cooperative relationship, but the latter will always reflect the
>reneral pattern of cooperation with the Federal Government as a
wliole.
Secondly, anotiier way in which the factor of voluntary coopera-
tion makes itself felt is in the manner in which the information has
to be collected. Since cooperation is voluntary, the collectintr agency
has to be very careful about its public relations. This undoubtedly
affects the type and the form of data that may be requested. The
FBI has to be constantly aware of how much information it can ask
in order not to endanger cooperation. It also has to be aware of iiow
much pressure it can exercise in case of noncompliance, how soon re-
minders and how many reminders can be made, etc. This also plays
an important role with regard to the nature of the data requested.
The FBI has to be constantly watchful so as not to lose the coopera-
tion of the local police agencies by asking information which would
require too much work or be so complicated in form as possibly to
discourage the local authorities from supplying it.
The Broader Function of the Uniforin Crime Reports
Another important consideration with regard to the Uniform Crime
Reports arises in the following connection. These reports are sta-
tistics which the FBI collects for the promotion of better law enforce-
ment as a result of a request made by the International Association
of Ciiiefs of Police. Moreover, these statistics are collected by
the FBI, as previously stated, with the voluntary cooperation of the
police agencies; they are collected for the use of the police and tlu>re-
fore it is quite natural that they must include first of all information
that is of interest to the police. Especially since, as was pointed out
above, the cooperation of police agencies is involved, it is difficult to
be guided by any purposes other than the direct interest of the police
in the matter. The statistics presumably have to have some signif-
icance for police work.
On the other hand, it should be kept in mind that in spite of the fact
that th(> Tniform Crime Reports represent statistical information of
importance to the police, they are regularly released also to other
interested agencies and individuals, as well as to the press, in other
13
words, to (ho fr(Mi(Mal |)ii!)Iic. Tims thoy are ncrossiMo to tho ontiro
(•itizcnry of tho I'liitoil Statis. In that sonso they havo become tho
major source of information for tho United States in niattei"s of crime.
Tho release of tho reports is eagerly awaited by tho |)ross and receives
front-pa<j:o attention all over the coinitry. Editorial commentary
follows in many papei-s and adtlitional articles in the way of comment
and analysis vor}' often appear. Keseai'chors, welfare a«^encies, both
public ami private, various «;ovi'rnmen(al aj^oncios, local, State and
Federal — all make ovor-increasin«; use of the reports. This fact
imposes an added ii's|)()nstl)ility on tho FBI. It cannot simply
maintain that what it publishes about crime is for the use of tiie
police only and therefore the needs of the FBI and other police
depaitments should alone detoiinine tho content of the releases. In
view of tho fact that the Uniform Crime Reports have come to play
the kinil of role they do in this country, the responsibility of informing
tho public in such a way tiuU the information cannot lead to mis-
umloi-staiulinps and misconceptions, but will be useful from the
stanilpoint of crime control and law enforcement becomes self-evident.
Anyone familiar with the situation knows that in spite of the fact
that there is much intelliirent analysis by the press, there is also
a regrettable amount of misinterpretation by some of the information
contained in the Uniform Crime Reports each time they are released.
This causes unnecessary concern on the part of local governmental
agencies, private organizations, and the public, frequently about
inniginary problems. Tlu^ FBI's own files of newspaper clippings from
all over the country contain ample evidence of this. The Committee
has learned about the great concern of the FBI about such mis-
interpretations and the amount of ofl'ort it puts into the publishing
of the reports to forestall these and again after each release to straighten
out misunderstandings on the part of the usoi-s.
Even though this is an introductory statement dealing with the
general pei-spective on Uniform Crime Reporting, it appeal's warranted
to sum up the Committee's point of view in the following recom-
mendation:
Krcnnimrrulniitm (/): Since tho UCR's have outgrown being of
use prinuirily to the law enforcement agencies, especially the
police, and have become a basic source of information on crime
for the country as a whole, the FBI should be encouraged to
give as much rocoLrnition to this fact as is comi)atil)le with its
program and be guided in the compilation and publication of the
criminal statistics by the need to present these in such a way that
tilt' information will be meaningful to the general |)ublic and interested
agi'ucies anil organizations even outsid<' il"- immediate field of law
eiiforcement.
Analysis of Present Practices and
Recommendations
/*«/ifif'.s in Mdkini! C.haniies in the I ('R's
i'.tmtinuity itf the Statistical Series
The Coniinitti'i' consitlors it very iiiiporlaiil that in making' any
changes in tlio Uniform Crime Reports as the result of the Commit-
tee's sii<r<;estions or at any other time, the utmost care should b? taken
to preserve the continuity of the present statistical series. This is,
of course, a problem which pertains not only to the FBI's Uniform
Crime Reports hut to any statistics of sij^nificant duration. It grows
out of the fact that, as time goes on, changes become nt'cessary and
improve the quality of the statistical compilation. If on the other
hand, clianges in the analytical categories lead to a loss of continuity,
that is, comparisons can no longer be made after the change, this
may mean a considerable loss to the value of the compilation. With
the UCR's Ix'ing publislied for 28 years, the opportunities which they
offer for comparisons in crime statistics over this period of more tluin
a quarter of a century are, of course, of prime importance.
If the format of tlie presentation or the statistical categories are
changed, one should, wherever feasible, give both the old and tlu> new
versions. In some cases it might suffice to present the thita in such a
way that the reader who is esjx'cially interested in time series can him-
self reconstruct the series as it appeared before, hy nuiking the neces-
sary calculations. This is especially important in those cases where
the use of ci'ime data for scientific purposes is anticipated.
Krrointtif'inlation (2): In nuiking changes in the UCR's, the utmost
care should be taken not to (h'stroy the continuity of the statistical
series. Wherever feasibl(>, both versions, i. e., the old and the new,
shoidd be giv(>n, or the data should l)e presented in such a way that
the rea(hM- himself can make the calculations necessary to utilize the
data earlier collected and publislied.
(14)
16
1 ln' (PIfjt'ctivi's «»/ ///<■ ( niform i'.rlnn' Itrfunliiiu l'r«»urani
Atjy analysis of the Uiiiforni Crinu' Reports, even one limited lo
ccrtniii specific issues, is predicaled on a clear understanding:: of the
|)nrposes of this i)ul)lieali()n. In a very fjeneral way the purf)oso
was ijidieated in the "Intnxhielion" to this report as the promotion
of l)etter law enforcement throufrh the collection and dissemiiiation
of pertinent information ahout crime and its control. A mimher of
more sp(>ci(ic objectives can, of course, he discerned. A closer look at
the content of the ITCR's shows that, fii-st of mII, there are criminal
statistics. On the one iuuid there is an attempt to ctdlect information
ahout all offenses committed in this country, obtaining tliis infor-
mation from the police jurisdictions into which the country is sub-
divided. For certain offenses (Pt. 1 offenses) tins infornmtion is
collected as these offeiLses become known to the police. For other
offenses (Pt. II ofTenses) this information is collected as the ofTenders
involved are arrested. On the other hand, the crime situation is
analyzed by using a specific fjroup of ofl'enses (Pt. I offenses) as an
index of criminality to establish trends and to make the figures for
iiwlividual communities more meaningful by computing crime rates.
All this is done separately for the urban and the rural areas of the
I'nited States. While the Part I offenses arc used in these analyses
as a crime index, this is not, as will be pointed out further in the
Report, their only meaning or function. In the case of cities, the
i'art I offenses arc further traced with regard to being cleared by
arrest or by establishment of the offender's guilt.
Generally speaking much less use is made of Part II than of Part I
offenses. The Part II offenses become known only through the arrest
statistics. Information about arrests is collected only from the
urban police departments and is analyzed in terms of age, sex, and race
f the arrested offeiulei*s, with some trend, analysis, and use of rates.
This, as just stated, is also done for the Part I offenses which result
in arrests. Similarly, statistics are published for persons charged
with crime in the responding urban areas and for persons found
guilty. In addition several other kinds of crime statistics are pub-
lished, such as the monthly variations in Part I offenses, number of
persons released after being arrested or cited for various violations,
tlie value of property lost through offenses against property, the
value of property recovered, etc.
Another major statistical series within the UCR's — one which
does not involve criminal statistics — is the section on police employee
data. It should be pointed out that the Committee was concerned
with the criminal statistics only, and the police employee data section
was not studied at all.
4S74-JS '.s _ ■;
16
l'"r(nii llii< \ciy l)ricf and very j^cdcnil r('\ icw of Oic riurciit content
of I lie rniforni ('rime Reports it ran h<» seen tlmt a wide variety of
(lata is beinj; collected and publishod, and a complicated statistical
compilation results. Iti a very pjoneral way two major objectives or
purposes seem to permeate tliis mat(>rial. One is the collection of
(lime data for all commimities of the entire country, which would
^'ive the total "crime bill" of the United States. The other is the use
of a <:roup of specific offenses (Pt. 1 offenses) as an index of criminality
and of law enforcement activities.
One of the basic tasks of the Committee was to take a stand on
these two objectives of the Uniform Crime Reports.
The idea of an index of crime, based on statistics of certain offenses,
is a well worked-out topic in American criminology. Its develop-
ment was coincident in time with the development of I'niform Crime
Reporting. Those who are familiar with the history of American
criminology know that in this case the theory and the practice were
developed in conjunction with one another, and the same people were
involved in both. The conventional concept of an index of crime is
based on six assumptions: (1) That the statistics on crimes known to
the police mirror the true occurrence of crimes better than any other
kind of criminal statistics, at least in the United States; (2) that not
all crimes become known to the police with equal consistency and
therefore, for the purposes of an index, those offenses should be
selected which are relative^ most frequently and most consistently
reported to the police; (3) that serious offenses have to be selected,
becatise on the one hand we are interested mostly in the more S(M*ious
crimes, and on the other hand, the more serious offenses have the
general tendency of being reported to the authorities more frequently
and more consistently than the less serious ones; (4) that an important
qualification for inclusion of an offense is the uniformity of its defini-
tion for the entire territory for which the index is constructed; (5) that
the offenses to be included should be sufficiently frequent to be
statistically significant; and (6) that a certain optimum number of
offenses answering the above 5 qualifications be used; an index
based on <S offenses is more meaningful than one based on 2. At
the same time, of course, an index is supposed to be a managea])le
instrument and a shortcut, comparetl to the country's total picture
of criminality.
The Committee endorses the production and use of a crime index,
for the purposes of which the Part 1 offenses have luM-etofore been
used. The Committee feels that an index of crime has a definite
function to perform, and that historically speaking this was envisaged
l)y the International Association of Chiefs of Police in developing the
rnifoi'in Crime Keporting Program. This can be cieariy seen from
17
the ii|)|)r()i)iiatt' sections of Inifn/ni Ciiinr Ju jio/tiiifi.^ 'I'liroii^'lioul
llu' 2H yt*Hi"s of tlii'ii' exist (Mice, the I'CR's luive produced and used
such an index. Further aiudysis of what offenses shouhl he utiHzed
to construct such an iiuh'X of crime and what chan<;es mii^ht he nuuh'
in that connection in tlie conij)osition of the Part I offenses will he
further discussiMJ in the section of the Report entitled "( 'liissificni ion
of Offenses."
The Coininilti'e also endorsees the collection of all pertinent infornui-
lion on crime for the entire country as another majoi- ohjective of the
rCK's. This also was envisaged hy the original desigiK'is of the
I iiiform Crime KejM)rting Program, and the L'CK's stand as testimotjy
of the umelenting effort of the FIJI to collect as complete information
as |)ossil)le on criminality in this country.
The Cominil tec niak(>s the following recomiuciKhitions:
Hviointuendation {3)'. 'V\\v ohjectives for collecting and pi(>senting
the statistical information on criminal offenses should he clearly
formulated and adhered to at all times. A brief restatement of these
ohjectives should appear in each issue of the UCK's to forestall
misinterpi'etation of the data.
Rrconirnvmhition (/): In view of the ofTicially stated purposes of
tiie I'niform Crime Reporting Program and in view of the actual
content of tho UCR's, the objective of publishing statistics on criminal
offenses sliould be inteipicted as a twofold one. i. e.: (1) Compilation
and publication of a meaningful index of crime for the United States
(presently accomplished by the reporting of Pt. 1 offenses); and (2)
compilation and publication of the total volume of criminal offenses
committed in the United States, b^' categories, perhaps entitled
General Crime Statistics for the United States. It is understood that
l)()th of these statistical series are to serve as the basis for the com-
putation of apj)i()priate rates and trends and for making comparisons.
As already stated, the issues involved in the production of an index
of crime will be discussed and certain recommendations made in
that connection in the section of the report entitled "Classification
of Offenses." Here, however, certain rather obvious recommenda-
tions will be made in con?iection with the second objective of the
< riminal statistics.
Uocaniniendutioii (5): In prest-nting the total crime picture for the
I nited States, a tabulation including all offenses, perhaps with the
exception of .some minor ones, should be aimed at, wlii<h means that
this tabulation should include not only offenses ctirrently reported
as Part I offenses but also those reiK)rte<l as Part 11.
• I'niform Crime Kepwttng. Committee on UnUorm Crime RocortU. International As!iorlati'>n of Chlob
of Polliv. \9ti: p. 22.
18
livrtnunnniltit'uni (6): III order to make the iiiiplcinciitnt ion of
iccoiiiiiKMidation (a) possiMc, the {•ollcctioii of oirciiscs of Part 11,
tliat is, ollViiscs known through arrest, should l)e it)tensified in order
to achieve more eonipk'te coverage for (he urban coniniunilies, and
a pr<t<,nani of coih-eting tliis information for the rural areas should
he initiate<l. \'arious analyses. su<-h as by a^e, sex, and raee, which
can |)resently he nuule only for a limited nund»er of offenders could
then he extended to tiie entire criminal po|)ulation.
The Committee is aware of the fact that recommendations (5) and
(6) involve long-range projeets, but feels that as long as the UCR's
are not restricted to an index of crime ])ut also have as an o])jective
the collection and pul)lication of information on all offenses, complete
coverage for the country as a whole is a logical and ultimate goal.
Kecommendation (6) is directed toward two majoi- gaps in the com-
pleteness of coverage for ofl'enses of Part 11: The incompleteness of
urban coverage and the total absence of rural reporting. The Com-
mittee also refers the reader to its recommendation under the subtitle
"Present Data Collection versus Sampling."
Collection and Pitblication of Data
Fretjuency of Reports From Cooperating Police Departments
The Committee has very seriously considered the possibility of
diminishing the frequency of submission of the statistical reports by
the cooperating police departments. This would mean abandoning
the present scheme of getting monthly reports and substituting per-
haps a quarterly or semiannual report from the police instead. The
Committee has, however, rejected the idea of any change in this
direction, in spite of the fact that it appears reasonable to assume that
a report submitted quarterly, for instance, would decrease the amount
of work to be done by the local police departments as compared to a
monthly report. This could then perhaps be used as an argument for
requesting an increased amount of infonnation in the less frequent
reports. The Committee is, however, aware of the fact that the re-
(|uest for a monthly report from the local police authorities serves a
valuable educational purpose. The police departments are alerted
at fre(|uent intervals as regards statistical accoimting. There is the
danger that with the pressure for monthly reports removed, the police
departments might become somewhat less punctilious and instead of
producing more data for the 3-months report, might actually become
less precise and, not having gotten up a report for a longer period,
19
could roiu'civnblv" have <li(licully in pcttinp <lala to^cllicr foi' (ho
:i-inon(hs r«'ix>rl. licsidos, reports on a quarterly hasis, if received
(()<;('( her ^vith monthly hreaUdowns, would piohahly have to he cross-
rhecked for accuracy in tlie l"'lil, in which case the amount of work —
from the FBI point of view at least— would not dinnnish at all. Be-
sides, of coui-si\ all analyses which are based on monthly reports, for
instance tiu' (luctuation of crime fief|uencv in the coui-se of the year,
initrht suH'er considerably, especially if some of the departments would
fail to send in the monthly breakdowns and sup|)ly only the totals
for [\w (juarter or the half year.
After studyin*; this matter — Matters Discussed (7) — the Commit-
tee decided not to recommend any chan<i:e in tlu^ current practice.
Frt'fjtteucy of VuhUrat'mn
At the present time the UCR's are beinj? published twice a year as
a semiaiuuial and an annual bulletin. There was a time when they
were issued on a quarterly basis and, prior to that, monthly. The
question was raised whether any cliange should be made in the present
frequency of publication, and it was suggested that only one annual
bulletin be put out.
First of all. it was felt that with (he present staff and budget facili-
ties, the publication of two volumes a year places considerable picssure
on the FBI in the sense that the agency has to be constantly publica-
tion conscious; there are always deadlines to be met. If there are any
defects in the information received from the local agencies, there is
very little time to contact the latter and to secure better information.
Also there is relatively very little time for statistical analysis of the
information received. It is felt that these and similar difTiculties
would decrease considerably if the Bulletin were published only once
a year.
In that case, tlie volume might be increased in size. Additional
analyst's could be added. It woukl be much easier to refer back to the
agencies for better reports and perhaps for some additional information
on the basis of the reports received.
A good example of the serious hantlicaps whiih impending ileadlines,
growing out of the necessity of putting out two publications per year,
are resj)onsible for, is the met hot! for deriving the anmuil crime totals
to which the FBI has to resort. This is discussed in the section of the
n'port dealing with the "General United States Crime Statistics"
under the subtitle "Estimating the Totals."
Another argument for having just 1 bulletin each j^car is that, with
the present system of 2 bulletins, the data for a given ye^r do not all
appear in the antnial bulletin covering that year but have to be in-
chidt<l in (he semiannual bulletin of the following year. Thus, for
20
iiislniicc. tlic Atiinidl lin/lttlii for l'.t.')7, \\lii<li wns idcasrd on April 2'.i,
1*(")K, <|()('s not contain olFcnscs cleared foi" I!).")?, becanse the pnblica-
lion of the Annual liidht'tn is too early to pei-init inclusion of that
type of (lata. "Olfensos Cleared" for 19o7 will appear otdy in the
St niidnnutil BulUtln for 195S, which, as other seniiaiunnd bnlletins. will
not appear until eai'ly fall. If there were oidy one hullelin each year, it
could be released approximately at the time of the present semiannual
bulletin, and in tluit manner could handle all data for 1 year in 1
])ui)lication.
An important factor would be that a certain amount of repetition
now appearing in the two bulletins would be eliminated, and that the
same space, the same personnel, time and, in general, the same budget-
ary allotment could be utilized for publishing more data than is being
done at the present time.
Rvconittiendution (7): It is recommended that the present practice
of publishing the UCR's as a semiannual and an annual bulletin be dis-
continued and only one annual bulletin be issued. A sufficient amount
of time should be allowed for the tabulation and analysis of the data.
The ((uality of the publication should not be allowed to suffer from
impending deadlines. The fuller scope of the one annual publica-
tion— see recommendation (1) — will necessitate more preparation
time. Issuance of intermediate publications of limited scope, which
the FBI might find appropriate for release, is of course not precluded
by this recommendation but is actually encouraged.
Classification of OJfetises
Part I and Part 11 Offenses
The proposed agenda given the Committee l)v the FBI suggested
looking into the advisability of revising the j)i'es(Mit distribution of
offenses between Parts I and II, and more specitically a careful weigh-
ing of the arguments for and against retaining manslaughter by negli-
g<>nce and larceny below .$r)0 (petty larceny) among Part I ofTenses.
The justifiability of this concern on the part of the FBI was well sub-
stantiated by the fact that the resource persons contacted in the course
of the study very often volunteered concern with reference to the
above two categories, and vei'v many suggested the need for change.
Still another category^, namely that of auto theft, was (juestioned,
nllhouirh to a lesser extent.
21
Perusal (tf (he rcfiMviucs to the UCR's in the press shows tliiit one
of tin- major points on wliicli misinterpretation of the pnhhshed (hita
or eritieism thereof is apt to occur, is llir comixisition of tlir I'miI I
offenses.
An examph' of an instance in which the piesent reporting ol I'art 1
offenses recently came under attack involveil criticism of the distribu-
tion of the offenses by ag:e groups and the meaning; attached thereto.
AVhih> this matter is |)roperly discussed in the j)art of the report dealiiif^
with juvenile t)fl"enses, il is referred to here because the criticism goes
hack to the weaknesses in the present structure of Part I. The Com-
mittee has in mind here a statement. ori<;inally ap[)earin<; in the May
'.\, 11)58, issue of The A'V«' Yorker, which was quoted and apparently
endorsed by the Annual Conference of the International Juvenile
Officers' Association in its Milwaukee meetiiiij: on May 23, 1958, and
is reflected in that organization's resolutions. The essence of the
criticism lies in the fact that while 47.2 percent of all persons arrested
for Part I ofTenses which are labeled major crimes appear to be under
IS veal's of age — which, of course, represents an alarming situation
indeed — in reality the immediate assumption that juveniles committed
nearly half of all murders, aggravated assaults, rapes, etc., is erro-
neous, since, as a more detailed analysis in the UCK's indicates, juve-
niles are responsible primarily for the auto thefts and larcenies, and
their participation in the above-cited three serious offenses is rela-
tively low.
The above criticism is based largely on a misinterpretation, since
tlie Uniform Crime Reports Annual Bulletin for 1957 itself points out
(p. 113) that:
AlthouRh youth.s under 18 account for only 12.3 percent of arrests for all age
group.s, they make up 47.2 percent of the arrests for the Part I crime.s of murder
and nonnegligent inan.slaughter, negligent manslaughter, rape, robbery, aggra-
vated ansault, burglary — breaking or entering, larceny — theft, and auto theft.
The extent of the participation of youths in crime for the Part I classes is weighted
by arrests for crimes against property.
Persons under 18 represented 53.1 percent of all arrests for the Part I crimes
of robljory, burglary — breaking or entering, larceny — theft, and auto theft, but
ly 10.3 percent of all arrt-sts for the Part I crimes against the person of murder,
■ klligent man.slaughter, ra|K*, and aggravated a.ssault.
Nevertheless this superficial and erroneous impression is highly un-
desiral)le. It is traceable to the composition of the Part I offenses:
while bearing the title "major crimes," this group of offenses is numeri-
cally made up for the most part not of major crimes but of petty
larcenies, culpable traffic fatalities, and auto thefts of the type referred
to as joyriding.
The Committee studied and discussed in great detail the develop-
mental histor>' of the category of ofTenses known as "Part I offenses"
and the present philosophy behind using this category as contrasted
22
with "Part II olTonsos." It ostnblislicd that, historically, tlio (•atofj;orv
of Part I ollVnscs was the result of a coinproiniso, in l)at'k of which
wore various diireriiifr proposals at the time the oripnal commit lee of
the International Association of Chiefs of Police formulated the plan
for the Uniform Crime Reporting Protjram. It was also aware of at
least one major chan^io in the Part I offenses, made prior to the estab-
lishment of this Committee, viz., the elimination of statutory rape
from that group.
The Committee came to the conclusion that the difficulties en-
countered in the separation of olTenses into Part I and Part II as well
as the problems created by the composition of Part I are due to the
fact that the classification as such has several purposes in mind, or
attempts to achieve a number of objectives. Each one of these
objectives is a perfectly justifiable one, but the classification, being a
compromise, does not fully accomplish any one of these. Therefore it
is easily open to criticism from the standpoint of any one single objec-
tive. According to the Committee's analysis, the objectives which
the current classification attempts to achieve or what might be called
the classification criteria, are as follows:
1. Difl'erentiation between the ofl'enses which are best reported, as
they become known to the police (Pt. I offenses) and those which are
best reported as they become known to the law enforcement agencies
through the arrest of the oft'ender (Pt. II ofl'enses).
2. Use of a certain number of offenses known to the police as an
index of criminality. The crime situation in the country is evaluated
on the basis of the statistics of Part I ofl'enses. Generally speaking
the criteria for a crime index, which were enumerated above, apply and
were actually considered in developing the category of "Part 1
offenses."
3. Separation of ofl'enses into more important and less important
ojies. The term "major crime" is very frofiuently used in the UCR's
with reference to Part I offenses, by implication conveying the idea
that Part II offenses are not major, i. e., evidently minor or less
important offenses. Just what is the exact meaning of the term
"major" is not quite clear.
4. Emphasis on the offenses whicii arc especially important from the
standpoint of the police. The Committee met with the attitude that
some of the ofl'enses should remain Part 1 ofl'enses because that stresses
their importance to the cooperating police departments, and, con-
versely, their removal from Part I would "deemphnsize ' them not
onl}' in the sense of reporting but also in the sense of their suppression.
As stated above, the Committee came to the conclusion that the
sc|)aration of offenses into Part I and Part II does not satisfy all of the
above four ciitcM-ia, and that probably no single grouping of the
oflenses woidd either. Thus, for instance, it is cjuite obvious that, if
23
jmlircd exclusively from llic stniidpoiiil of ciilcrioti No. 1, i. p., tlio
t('('lmi(|iio of rrconliii^, some of the Pnrt 11 offenses should ho trans-
feifed to Part I, heeaiise (hev could he hetter recorded as (hey heconie
l<rio\\n to th(« police instead of waitirio; until an airest is effectuated.
A careful study would he necessary to definitely estahlish this, but
oHhand tin* (|uestion could he raised with reference, for instance, to
for^'cry and counterfeitinu;, many tj'pes of fraud, several of the "all
other oflenses," etc.
From the point of view of criterion No. 2, i. e., the index of crime,
several of the l*art I olfenses are out of place. Manslaujxhter hy
ne^dip:ence, which category is made up almost exclusively of culpable
traffic <leaths, is certaiidy not a proper ofl'ense to be used for an index
of crimiiuitity. Rape, for instance, even if statutory rape is excluded,
is notoriously an oft'ense which is not consistently reported to the
|)olice. * As a matter of fact, rape is often used as an example of pre-
cisely the opposite, namely, of an offense which the victim and its
relatives often hesitate to report because of the painfulness of the
publicity attached. In many cases, on the other hand, a report of
vixpo is made falsely. Larceny under $50 is certainly not an offense
that is consistently reported. These ofTenses are mentioned here only
to illustrate the point which the Committee is attempting]: to make; a
more tletailed discussion of manslaughter by negligence and larceny
follows under the respective headings.
As for criterion No. 3, i. c, the seriousness of the offense in the sense
of its being a "major" or "nonmajor" offense, the lack of defmiteness
as to what "major" means should once more be pointed out. But
it seems that whatever precise meaning is assigned to the term
"major," potty larceny — below $.50 — certainly does not qualif}^ for
inclusion in Part I on that score (except perhaps in the sense of numer-
ical frequency). Concern about the fact that stolen hubcaps and
minor thefts from the open counter are included in the category of
"major crimes" is a repeated criticism of the UCR's. Perhaps one
of the best statements of this criticism is in the FBI's own proposed
agenda for the Committee's work. Moreover, the inclusion of joy-
riding auto thefts m Part I solely by reason of being a "major
offense" — whatever the meaning thereof — also can be questioned.
On the other hand, depending again, of course, on the exact meaning
of the term "major," several of the Part II offenses might possibly
qualify.
Finally, from the standpoint of criterion No. 4, that is, the im-
portance of the offense for police work, it seems that if that criterion
alone were to be followed, considerable flexibility would be an impor-
tant consideration in order to keep up with changes in the actual crime
probh'ms. Several offenses which are now in Part II would probably
qualify.
4H7428*— 58 4
24
III view (if tlio ahovp, the Committee recommeiuls dopjiipliasizing
tlic prt'xiit division of offenses into Part I and Part II and sugrgests
iicliicvii)^ the scvoial objeetives whieh the present classification at-
tempts to accojni)lisli, by using several separate presentations or tabu-
lations of statistical data. For this purpose the Committee makes the
following recommendations:
Rvronunviidatioii (H): In the UCR's publishctl hereafter, the em-
phasis should be removed from the terminology Part I and Part II
offenses. It is felt that if this terminology were retained in spite of
considerable changes in the content of the groupings of offenses,
confusion would result; new terms applied to a new classification
would promote clarity.
Recommendation (9): It may be advisable to retain, at least for the
time being, the current terminology of Part I and Part II offenses in
the Bm-eau's communications with the cooperating police depart-
ments, since it is by now accepted practice and a tradition of long
standing.
Kerommendation (10): The publication of an index of crime, which
function is presently performed by the Part I offenses, should be
continued, but the tabulations should be entitled "index of crime"
and the composition of the index be changed to exclude manslaughter
by negligence and larceny below $50 (for elaboration of this see the
respective subtitles and also the subtitle "Auto Theft").
HecotnineiuUition (-/i): The general tabulations of United States
crime statistics should be divided into those offenses which are re-
ported as they become known to the police and those which are re-
ported as they become known through the arrest of the offender.
Recommendation (72): The classification suggested in recommenda-
tion (11), wliieh presently consists in the differentiation of Part I and
Pait II offenses, should be further studied by the pereonnel of the
l^ureau in consultation with experienced representatives of the police
de])artments in order to determine the best manner of handling
specific offenses.
l<e<umiinend<tlion (13): A special section should be developeil in tiie
rCK's to deal with the group of offenses which at a given time are
especially important to the police in its work, so as to increase the
effectiveness of the police in combatting the particular offenses by
focusing attention on them and providing additional information on
their fre(juency and distribution and their success in suppressing
them. Both offenses known to the police and offenses reported follow-
25
iii^ arrest nii^jht he incliidcd liric. A^aiii, continupd study by tho
pci-soiHU'I of the RuriMUi in corisMltatiou with the hcsl (luidificd ic|)r(>-
sciitalivcs of llic i)()lico dcpartiiUMits sliould form the basis for iii<lii(|-
\n^ ofTiMises in this section.
The following; coninicnt may siTve to further ehuify the ahovo
reeonimen<hitions. If these reromnuMuhitions are followed, tho
UCR's will contain three tabulations of groups of offenses, each ono
of which may bt» somewhat simihu* to the pi'esent Paii T ofTensrs, but
would also tliU'er fi'om the latter; and all thice would dilfer from each
other. Tiiese tlireo groups would be: (1) Oflfenses recorded as they
bcconu' known to the police, within the j^eneral tabulation of the
railed States crime statistics; (2) olfenscs used for the purj)oses of the
(TJine index; (3) offenses which are sin«j:le(l out as beinj; at the ^ven
time of si)ecial imj^ortancc to the police departments in their work.
The sense of this change will be that each one of the three tabulations
will be different from the Part I offenses in order to meet the objections
to which this latter trrouj) is vulnerable when it is evaluated from the
standpoint of each sei)arate one of the three specific objectives.
Kach of the three new groups of offenses will satisfy one particular
objective.
Manslaughter by Negligence
As to the nature of the offenses reported in this category and the
ways in which they are reported, the following seems to be well
established. Over 99 percent of all cases of manslau<:hter by negli-
gence are made up of traflic fatalities which are attributable to
culpable negligence. This represents the considered opinion of the
experienced FBI staff involved in the preparation of the UCR's. As
a matter of fact, the number of homicides other than traffic fatalities
reported under negligent manslaughter is so small that it is hard to
think of any example of anything else, the best one seemingly being
the case of accidental shooting in the hunting season.
It also became apparent to the Committee that in the reporting of
manslaughter by negligence the conventiomil situation characteristic
of the crimes known to the i)olice aj)pears to be considerably modified.
The police itself is hesitant to evaluate a case as negligent man-
■-laughter rather than as an accident and has a tendency to await the
action of the grand jury. It is reasonable to assume that the policies
of the various police departments vary in that respect, and it is
therefore justifiable to question the consistency with which this
offense is reported as a crime known to the police.
The above two facts about negligent manslaughter make it a very
suspect category from the point of view of its usefulness for an index
of crime. In spite of the seriousness which the problem of tralli"
•J(i
fiiialitics rt'pn'scnts iintioiially. tliis ofTt'iisc cjin Imnlly ]>r cliarac-
teri/A'd as a serious criiiii' in tlic same sense in wliicli other eiinies are.
In a sense, trallie fatalities are a function of the trallie vohiine and as
sueh do not primarily ineastnc crime l)Ut rathei- the extent to which a
<-ountrv uses automohiles. Tlie fact (hat culpal)le ne«;lif;ence is
undouhtedly present makes it possil)le to handle such instances as
criminal olfenses. Our conc(Mii ahout the ma<i:nilii<le nf the problem
and our desperate search to find a means to diminish it leads to our
resorting: to the strongest measure society has, namely, punishinjr it
as a serious crime. But in essence the traffic fatality is not a criniinal
oU'ense that is characteristic enou<;h to he used as an index of the
Nation's ciimiiiality.
It is true that, since it involves loss of life, manslau^diter hy ne<rli-
irence becomes known to the police retriilarly, but its classification
under manslaughter, as pointed out a])Ove, very often does not
rej)resent police action and the degree of consistency in reporting on
that score is not quite certain.
Another aspect in which the present way of reporting negligent
manslaughter can be criticized is its appearance in the rural-urban
distribution of crime and its use in the LX'R's for the computation of
the rurid-uri)an rates. It is easily noticeable that a very substantial
part of the cases of manslaughter by negligence takes place in the
nu-al areas, i. e., they are reported by the rural police or the State
police for the rural area. The reason is obvious: Automobile acci-
dents, which constitute the vast majority of cases of negligent man-
slaughter and which take place on the highways in the rural areas,
are included; these automobile accidents, however, represent offenses
not only by the rural poi)ulation, l)ut also by cityfolk who are in a
state of travel at the time of the accident. This certainly confuses
the meaning of the rural-urban distribution of this offense.
From the point of view of police need, it might be important to
know the place where the traflic fatalities occur, so that preventive
and law-enforcement actions can be planned. In that sense it may
be useful to tabulate negligent manslaughter in rural and urban cate-
gories. On the other hand, however, if used in the interpretation of
the reasons for the offense, such tabidation gives rise to the impres-
sion that tlu' offense is attributable to the rural population and is
therefore misleading.
Rvvttnitnvudation (It): The category of manslaughter by negligence
should be eliminated from the offenses used for the i)urposcs of a
crime inde.x. It should however contiiuie to be included in the I'liited
States crime statistics.
27
Itiiiatin' Siififiestioii (/): Mniislnu^liUT hy iic^'Ii^cMci' should he
stmlicd for inclusion in the proposed now section of the IJCK's deol-
in«r with ollVnses that are ('specially important to the work of tlie
police.
The sujjgestion has been made that consideration he ^iven to usin^
I he traflic-fatality data collected, talmlated and published by the
National Safety Council. The Committee is uncertain to what ex-
tent an ajxency like the FBI should dep(>nd in its reports exclusively
on information assembled by an outside nonoflicial orfranization. As
/cfif<i/iic Siiufifsiion (2) the Committee recommends looking into
I he possibility of makinf; use of the statistics on traliie fatalities
compiled by some such ajroncy, provided this source is competent
and reliable.
Prtty l.nrrrny
There seems to be a rather stron<r conviction on the part of the
police authorities that theft, regardless of how small, represents an
important type of crime which in general is rather consistently re-
ported to the police and is therefore a very suitable crime to be in-
cluded in the crime index.
There are, however, reasons why the inclusion of petty theft in the
• rime index mi<j:ht be questioned below the level of felonious theft.
One of these reasons is the fact that some of the petty larcenies are
extremely minor offenses. Another reason for not including petty
theft is the question of the consistency of reporting. In such major
areas of larceny as, for instance, shoplifting, the policies of the firms
involved often are against contacting the law enforcement agencies
for the purpose of prosecuting customers who engage in petty stealing.
In that case, not to report must very often be considered the policy of
the firm. It would, of course, be against the theory of the crime
index to use an offense of this kind. In that connection information
given in the proposed agenda for the Consultant Committee is very
significant. Accoiding to this information, thefts of bicycles, auto
accessories, and other thefts from automobiles in 1956 represented
over ')0 percent of all the larcenies, while approximately one-seventh
of the larcenies represented property under $5 in value. Moreover
it has been found difficult to determine when a bicycle is actually
stolen and when it is borrowed by some other child, and in the case of
hubcaps, or license plates it is very difficult to distinguish whi'ther
these items were actually stolen or perhaps lost and reported stolen
merely for insurance purposes.
In view of all this, the suggestion that the petty larcenies be stricken
from the offenses used for index purposes should be given serious con-
sideration. There is again, of course, the question of the continuity
28
f>f a sliilisticnl s<'ri«'S, wliioli was discussod cailici-. Tlicicfoic it is
liopcd that if petty lafccnics an- cxcliidrd from the iiulcx. thoy will bo
rcportt'd in such a way that aiiyoiu' interested in the time series and
comparisons could easily add the petty larcenies to the other olFcnsos
whieii will hereafter make up Part I and in that way reestai)lish the
catejrory currently used in the series. Perhaps one might even suj;-
gest that in deference to the fact that petty larcenies were for so many
years included in the larceny figures in the Part I ofTenses. one might
have a special figure, at least for a while, appear in the UCR's which
would include both felonious and petty larcenies.
Recommendation (15): Tlie present division of larceny into cases
of over and under $50 should be retained. The criteria for distinction
should be further studied. Only larcenies above $50 should be used
for the purposes of the crime index. Larcenies under $50 should be
reported as offenses known to the police in the general tabulation of
the United States crime statistics.
Auto Theft
The (juestion has come up whether auto theft, which at present
is one of the Part I offenses, should be included in the crime index.
The arguments against inclusion are mainly two: (1) Auto theft does
not constitute a uniform category, since it includes as widely different
offenses as professional theft of car parts and cars for stripping and
resale on the one hand, and juvenile joyriding on the other. (2) Joy-
riding, which comprises a very substantial portion of the auto thefts,
is presumably not an offense of such an inherently criminal nature as
to appropriately be used for the purposes of a crime index.
The arguments in favor of retaining auto theft for crime index
purposes are: (1) The extremely high consistency of reporting. An
auto theft, especially in view of the insurance involved, is almost
always reported; (2) a stolen car usinilly represents a relatively very
high value, and almost automatically qualifies as grand larceny. The
Committee decided to retain auto theft for the p\n-poses of the crime
index.
Mutters Discussed (2): Auto theft as a Part I offense. The Com-
mittee decided on continuing the present practice, except that in
view of the general changes in the structure of the UCR's, auto
theft will from now on be included in the group of offenses going
into the crime index.
29
i^vitrral I nilvtl Stdtt's C.rinir Statistics
\\ lien (he puiposfs of the i)r('scntMti()ii of crimiiml statistics in the
rCK's wt'iv tliscussccl caiTuT in this Report . the f^^ciici-jil tahtilntion of
pt)li('t' statistics on ciiinc was pointed out as one of the major objec-
tives. Tlie C\)inniittee fully endorsed this objective — see Kecom-
in(Muhitioii (4) — and su^jjested further expansion of the collection
of tlata with reference to the Part 11 olVenses so as to achieve more
complete coverajje for the urban areas and to include also the rural
l)opulntion — see Recommendations (5) and (G).
Several issues are involved m the presentation of these general
(rime statistics, and the Committee considered four of these as
especially important. The TCR's analyze separately offenses re-
ported for the urban and the rural areas and present crime rates,
estimated crime totals and trends. The Committee discussed the
desirability of this type of presentation and agreed that this aiudysis
is very meaningful and should by all means be retained. But the
following questions arise: (1) The question pertaining to the division
of the United States population into urban and rural; (2) the question
of the population base used for the computation of the crime rates;
(3) the method of arriving at estimated totals for the entire United
States on the basis of the available reports, which give criminal
olTenses only for part of the country; and (4) the method used in the
prest»ntation of trends. It can immediately be seen that especially
the first A of these issues are very much interrelated, since all 3 of
them revolve around the availability of sufficiently recent and ac-
curate population figures. Therefore, although they will be handled
separately for the sake of simplicity of presentation, it will be noticed
that they all go back to one and the same basic problem.
Rural Versus Urban Criminality
The major problem involved in analyzing criminality on the basis
of reports by rural and urban areas was ])ointed out in the tentative
agenda drawn up by the FBI for the work of this Committee, namely,
that the rapid trend toward urbanization, combined with the trend
toward suburban living, leads to a situation where areas which
administratively are rural, are in reality inhabited by urban people.
Thus part of the crimes attributed to the rural population because
they aro reported by police departments which are rural according to
their organization, are in reality committed by city people. This is
especially damaging for the accuracy of the crime rates; since these
are generally higher for the urban areas, a considerable amount of
distortion may result. This may be one of the explanations for ibf
30
it'cciitly ji|)|)iin'nt rclafivfly more ijipid incroaso in rural criminality
as reported ill tli(» TCK's. In the uljove-nientioned ap-nda, the FBI
itself raised the (|nestion uln-lln r it siioidd not perhajis "resort to a
reliable sain|)le for rural crime reporting;."
The Committee discussed th<' substitution of a sami)linfj techni(jue
in inral <iime rep<>rtinfr for the present method, which attempts
(<» nlttaiii full information on iiiral crimimility, and advises against
the chanjxe. at h-ast for the reporting; of crimes known to the police.
The main reason for this stand of the Committee was its desire to
preserve the present general o])jective of the Uniform Crime Keport-
injr Pron;ram to collect full information on criminality in the United
States. Instead, the Committee recommends making use of the new
analytical category introduced by the Bureau of the Census in its
19.")() decemiial census, viz.. Standard Metropolitan Areas.
Standard Metropolitan Areas are generally speaking urban in
nature and contain a minimum of population which still adheres to
the rural way of life. At the same time these areas are made up of
governmental units, i. e., cities and counties (in New England cities
and towns). Thus they do not cut across the areas for which police
crime reports are available and the population figures can thus be
used for the needs of police crime statistics. The Bureau of the
Census was consulted in this matter, and it was found that the Cen-
sus plans to continue the use of the Standard Metropolitan Areas in
future censuses.
For the population living outside of the Standard Metropolitan
Areas ' the present differentiation into urban and rural communities
should be continued, making use of the 1950 census definitions of
these terms, which differ slightly from the earlier ones. It should
l»e noted that no use can be made at this point of the category of
"urban fringe," introduced by the census in 1950, since the areas
assigned to this category cut across the political or administrative
boundaries and consefpiently cannot be used for the tabulation of
j)olice data.
Matters l)isctisse€l (3): The ( 'oniniit tee discussed llu> jiossibility of
substituting a sampling method for the present collection of criminal
statistics for rural areas for crimes known to the ])olice and advises
against the change.
litrtminiviuUitiou (10): The Committee recommends the following
j)lan for the analysis of the crime data into rural antl urban. The
j)oj)ulation of the area of the United States should be divided into
three tyi)es of communities:
I AcconlliiK to the Unlti-d States 19.10 consus, of a iioimlatlon of nlxuit l^^ million, 84 million wore Ilvinp In
Starnliir<l Metropolitan Arcay, an<l acconlinp to a U»,Mi sampU' stuilv h\ tlu- Htircau of the Census, of the
ni>iiro\lmately IM million In 1«.16, 06 million were living In .Standar.l Metropolitan Areas.
31
1. S(aii<liii(l Mcli(»|)(tliljm Areas as ('s(al)lisli(Ml by I In- Hiiicaii
of ( 'cnsus for the \\)'i{) cciisiis and as Ihrsc iiia\' he futtlici- j-cvised
1)\' llial BurtMUi.
'_'. I'lbaii comiiHinitics, llial is. ^niciall y spcaUiii^ <(»iiiiiimiiti('9
with inoic than 'J,r)()() inhahitants. More spccKicallN' the cnrn-nt
(1U")()) ( 'cnsus jh'linilion shonM he used. The url)an popuhitioii
which is not comprised within the Stanthird MetiopoHlan Aicas
wouhl l)e taken care of in this ciitej^oiv.
;{. liuial popuhition, aj^ain in accoiihince with the current (lOoO)
census <h'(inition. This wouhl amount to the total rural poj)uliition
e.\cej)t for the small part which is included in the Standard Metroi)oli-
tan Aieas. It is believed that this would <j:ive for the United States
tin" rural i)oi)ulatioii in the truest sense of that word, for which
statistical data is cuircntly available.
At the re(|uest of the Committee this j)lan has been tested ])y
the Statistical Section of the FBI for the States of Illinois and Mary-
land. Tabulations wi're jjrepared in accordance with the three
sujjjjjested categories, and althoui2;h the Committee did not feel it
necessary to pursue this j)lan in all liiud detail, the exj)erience gained
-howod that the plan is workal)Ie for the tabulation of the crime data
received from the cooi)eiating ])olice depaitments. Tlie FBI per-
soiniel concerned was also agreed on the workability of the plan, which,
was likewise discussed with personnel of the Census Bureau and the
tentative reaction there was also favoral)le as to the feasibility of the
j)lan from the jjoint of view of the census data. For the exploratory
tabulations for the States of Illinois and Marjiand and the respective
Standard Metroj)olitan Areas, see Ajipendix 2.
The advantages of this j)lan for estinuiting the ciime totals, which
will be discussed under the i)ertinent subtitle, will i)e mentioned
there.
Crime Rates
A considerable amount of the information appearing in the UCR's
is converted into crime lates, with the population of the areas covered
by the reports serving as the base. The FBI's proposed agenda lor
this Committee contains the statement: "The rates are calculated for
the purpose of furnishing a yardstick with which to assist local admin-
istratoi-s in measuring the current magnitude of the police problem
at hand." The Commit t<'e felt it hardly necessary to argue the
importance of the computation of rates, which are not only desirable
but often crucial for the meaningfulness of statistical data of this
nature.
Ami yet, the question of the crime rates has heretofore been one
of the most difTicult problems for the I'CK's to cope with and has
4^7428*— 58 5
32
prnliiiltly IxTii the most fi<'<|ii<'iit siihjcci loi' crit nism. Tlic i('as(»ri for
the (lilliciilt y is that tin* odicial p()i)iilati()ii fi»;in<'S used by tlu- FBI are
I he (li'ccDMial Cnitccl States ( 'oiisus fimircs, wliicli, with cvory aikli-
tioiial ycai' further away from the epiisiis-takiuj;, beeonie further and
fiirlhei" removed from reahly. The different ial rate of popuhition
»;rowth in various communities makes communities with a rapiti rate
of {growth appear exaggeratedly criminalistic in terms of the rates of
oU'eiises repoiied hv the police. Conversely, the slowei-^rowint; com-
munities are apt to appear in a favorable light toward the end of the
decade. Thus, when the population basis is changed with tlie new
census figures becoming available, sudden drastic upward or downward
shifts in the crime rates appear for some areas.
The Committee recommends against using the decennial census
figures e.xcept for the 3'ear of the census. It feels that official annual
population estimates, based on sample studies and other techniques
should be used instead. This is especially suitable for the purpose
of tlie crime statistics since the introduction of the new analytical
categories in the most recent United States census, especially the
category of Standard Metropolitan Areas, which was discussed under
the preceding subtitle in connection with rural-urban analyses.
The following annual estimates appear to be available from the
Bureau of tlie Census: First of all there is, of course, an annual esti-
mate for the total I'nited States popidation, and there are such esti-
mates for the individual States. Moreover, annual estimates are
available for the total population of the Standard Metropolitan Areas
and for the total urban and i-ural populations outside of the Standard
Metropolitan Areas. It would probably also be possible to obtain an
annual estimate for the population of all metropolitan areas of 100,000
and over-. The Committee gained the impression that with not too
much of an additional budgetary outlay, the Bureau of the Census
could supj)ly the Department of Justice with annual population esti-
mates foi" the Staiuhu'd Metropolitan Areas on an individual basis, if
«) refjuested.
Tlie Committee discussed the feasibility of obtaining annual popu-
lation estimates for various communities from other than oflicial
governmental sources. Many such estimates are available ' and are
being widely used, e. g., in business. The ( 'ommittee wouh' limit itself,
however, to the tentative suggestion to the FBI that the possibility
of resorting to that kind of estimates be exploied.
As a residt of the sti ily reflected in the above discussion, the Com-
mittee makes ijie followintr recoininciidations:
' Sep, 0. f., v. S, nurciiu of the C<nsiis. "Lociil I'npiilniloii Esllmntos Propnrp*! hy .^tnteand City .\f;cn-
cles: 1967-58." Current Population Rtportt- Population Estimates, Series p. 25, No. 178, Juno 27, 1958.
33
Itrttmum'iHliilitm {17): 111 view of ( lie (lidCrciil iai |)0|)iiliil ion ^rowtli
in various conununitios, the (Icceiinial ct'iisiis fij^ures should not be used
■for tlu> coinputation of tlu> {'rirnc rates heyond the year to whieh they
pfitaiii. Instead, the avaihd)h' annual estimates by the Bureau of the
( 'ensus should be used. It is felt that the plan for utilizing in the rural-
urban analyses the aruilytical ealegories recently introduced by tlu^
Bureau of the Census woidd prove of value also in the computation of
the crime rates. It is hereby also recommeiuled that the FBI further
explore the possibility of obtainiiifr more detailed amnud eslinuites
frt)m the Bureau of the Census.
Tentative Sitfifiestion (,'t): The possibility of using annual popula-
tion estimates by other than governmental agencies should be
explored.
1'^stiinatinii the Totals
In spite of the remarkably high degree of cooperation by the police
departments in supplying the Uniform Crime Reporting Program
with crime data, complete coverage can hardly ever be expected in a
jjrogram of this sort.
Tlu're is a natural interest in having figures for the total amount
of crime in the entire country or in a given community, calculated
on the basis of the amount of crime reported by the cooperating
dej)artments. Besides, since not necessarily the same police depart-
ments respond each year, the estimated totals gain in importance as
the figures which are to be used for comparisons from year to year
antl as the basis for the calculation of trends. The only other method
that might be used for the latter purposes instead of using the esti-
mated totals would be to exclude from the entire time series those
communities which have failed to respond even once, but this would
tend to reduce the reporting universe unnecessarily. The use of
estimated totals suggests itself whenever one or several segments of
the unit under study fail to report.
The FBI has for a long time resorted to estimating certain totals
in the L'CR's. The Committee was informed by the staff members
about the various ways used in the ptust to achieve this. Tiiere is no
point in recounting the former methods here or the changes which
gradually took place. It is necessary, however, to describe briefly
the currently-used method in arriving at such estinuites.
Each year, after the reports on the Part I offenses have been
received from the cooperating dej)artments for the entire year, a com-
parison is made between the nund)er of olfenses for the current ^ear
and the number of ofTenses reported the previous year. The com-
|)arison is always based on the information supplied by those depart-
34
mciiN which irs|)(ni»hM| Koth years. The comparison is made sepa-
rately for the niriil and nrl)an areas and for the ei^lit offenses which
make uj) Part 1. Percentage (Hfrerenees are noted and are con-
sich'ied indieations of trends. Then the ostiniatcd number of offenses
for the previous year, each offense txpe, rural and urban separately,
are increased or deercased, dependinj^ on the established trend.
A(Mit ion of the 10 fig:ures obtained {jives the estimated total of "major
Climes" for the entire country for the <riven year. The ('ommittee
labelled this method of obtaininj; estimates of the totals, Method A.
It will be noted that the estimate for a given year is derived from the
estimate for the previc^us year, and so on. The year which served
as the basis for this continuing series of estimates was, and still is,
194 7. In that year extensive studies were made to arrive at the
estimate.
Method A is not, iiowever, the only meliiod involved in the produc-
tion of the estimated totals. Later in the year, after the estimated
totals arrived at by Method A have been published, a more intensive
study, which is impossible prior to publication because of the immi-
nence of the deadline, is made. Estimated urban and rural totals
are developed separately. For arriving at the estimated totals of
urban crime, the following steps are taken: The cities, divided into
fi groups by size, are taken separately by groups for the 9 geographic
divisions of the country. This makes 54 units. The offenses re-
ported by the police departments tor each one of these units are then
tabulated. If not all departments have responded, the figure for
each one of the offenses is increased accordingly.
On the l)asis of the previous decennial census figures, tiie total
number of offenses is estimated proportionately to the part of the
population for which the reports have come in. Since, as indicated
above, the 8 Part I olfenscs are handled separately, this produces
eight times 54, that is, 432 figures, the sum-total of which gives the
estimated total of urban criminality for the entire country. For the
rural area the separation into nine geographic divisions is not used.
Fxperienee has shown that the differences between the regions are so
slight that there is no point in using them. Of course, there is no
grouping by size of communities. Thus the estimated total for rural
crime is arrived at simply by comparing the number of offenses
reported for the portion of the nu'al jMipulation represented by the
cooperating departments and the total rural population. Ilereto-
lore, again, the previous decennial figures have been used. The
('ommittee labeled this method of arriving at the estimated totals,
Method B.
The use mad(^ of the figures arrived at by Method B is as follows:
These figures are used at the time of the calculation of the estimate
for the next year as a supplementar}' step in Methoil A, but for the
35
purpose of cliirily of i)r('st'iiliit ion this was not iiiciil ioiird when the
Ijittcr inothoti was describi'd. One might say lluil the figures arrived
at l)y Method B serve as a control (h>viee in the sense of eonii)aring
with them the figures arrived at hy Method A. As the staff pointed
out, usually no appreciable discrepancy appeal's.
The main device for making adjustments, if the above-mentioned
(■ontr<»l device should indicate the need for such, is the use of a cor-
rection factor. This correction factor was developed on the basis of
an intensive study of the rural crime reporting, which was under-
taken also in 11)47. In this study, the luial crime figures obtained
from communities which were known to have excellent crime report-
ing were comj)ared with the overall rural figures received from all over
the coimtry. Considerable undei-reporting was discovered especially
for two offenses: Larceny and auto theft. Since that time the rural
crime «>stimates have l)een "blown up" by injecting the correction
factor for larcenies and auto thefts. In 1947 this correction factor
amounted to loO aiul 100 percent respectively for the 2 offenses.
In view of the geiu'ral improvement in rural crune reporting, it was
felt in time, however, that the correction factor should be less, and
it is now considerably lower than in 1947.
One of the main objections to the current procedure, as described
above, is that the estinuited totals of major crimes, as published for
a particular year, are not based on the reports of the offenses known
to the i)olice for that year, except insofar as the latter are used to
calculate the percentage increases and decreases (trend) in the sepa-
rate crime categories and these are then applied to the estimate of
the previous year. It will be recalled that each year, as described
above, after publication of the bulletin containing the major crime
estimates, the Bureau develops by means of Method B the major
crime estimates for the same year on the basis of the crime rej)orts
for that year. This calculation is not published, but is used as a
control device in calculating the estimate for the next year. This
procedure should be discarded, since it is not and probably should
not be published in the I'CK's in view of the nature of the publica-
tion, and secondly, because it injects a certain amount of arbitrari-
ness even if this arbitrariness is ap|)lied on the basis of the best judg-
ment of the expert staff thoroughly familiar willi the quality of the
reports coming in from the police departments.
The current procedure could also be interpreted as follows: In
view of the impending deadlines, the major crime estimates are
published on the basis of the calculation here referred to as Method A.
The reports from the local depart nu-nts for the given year are really
a!uily/.ed ordy after publication of the bulletin aiul are used in the
<omputation of the estimates for the next year. Since the figure for
the current year is already published, the FBI Is constrained by it
36
lUid illjccis lli(> licrrssjilV correct ioii sUfXfjcst cd liy the results of
Mciliod H, l)v miinipuliilioii of the rural "coircctioti factor" and oi
pcrcctitn^rc iucrcascs and dcci'cascs. In spite of the fact that this
procc(hiic is l)iisc<l on tlic hcst ju<l;iniciit of c.\pei-ts, and in spite of
(he fact tluit when taken over a |)eriod of years it |)rol)ai)ly does ^ive
a reasouahly accurate picture of ciinie, it can liardly be justified
statistically as a permanent i)i()ce(hne.
The C\)nHuittee feels that in view of the al)Ove, the currently-used
method for com|)utation of tlie crime estimates, while having; merit
in the |)ast, should now he ehan^M-d. Tlie icason foi- recommending
the chan<;e, stated more ^'I'lierally, is tiie fact that the amount of
statistical manipulation in back of the figures whieh are currently
presented in the UCR's as major crime totals are unnecessarily com-
|)licated and too many; a more direct and simjjle procedure should
be substituted. The calculations involving estimates between the
reports submitted by the police department, and the figures fimdly
published in the UCR's should be as few, as siini)Ie and as clear as
|)ossible, and should be briefly described in the bulletins.
Another point which the Committee would like to make is that
the estimates of the total crimes in the Nation, made on the basis
of the total number of offenses submitted by the rejjorting depart-
ments all over the country, separately by urban and rural police, are
bused on the assumj)tion that the portions of the population for which
no reports were received have the same crime rates as those for which
reports were received. It seems to be safer to estimate the offenses
for the nonreporting sections of the country individually by sej)arate
States rather than for the country as a whole or for geographic di-
visions. Presumably, the situation witli regard to criminality witiiin
individual States is somewhat more homogeneous than in the country
as a whole. Law enforcement is a State matter, as is criminal legis-
lation. A national total wiiich is a composite of State totals, which
in turn are comjiutcd on the basis of the ])ortions of the State which
actually reported the od'enses is therefore a better estimate. The
same would apply, of course, to the various comi)onents of tlu^ total,
such as city crimes, rural crimes, or any sj)ecific category of crime.
It is lielieved that under the procedure discussed in "Rural Versus
I'lban Criminality," such compulaiion on the basis of States will
l)e (piite conveni(Mit and feasible.
Rvcottnuvndation (IH): In eonipiiling the estimated totals of major
• rimes th(> procedure suggested und(>r the heading "Rural V^crsus
I'rbdii ('riniliKilitif should be utili/t>d. Olfenses known to the police
should be computed from the police reports for the Standard Metro-
poliiiin Areas, for the rest of (lie urban population and for the rural
|)oi)ulation within each State (19oU United ^States census definitions).
37
Tlu' numlxT of if|)(nl('(l oH'ciiscs slioiild IIkmi he |)i()|)()il ioiinl cly
increased to take cai-c of llic iiiu-cporlod portions, if any. of llioso
same (■at('j;<»ri(>s within each State. Tlu> sum total of the cstiniatos
for the States tluis obtained will <;ive the national estimate foi- the
l^iven yeai". It is hoped that wherever available the annual popu-
lation estimates by the I'nited Slates census will be substituted for
the currently-used dectMuiial census fif^ures.
The Committee has encountered the opinion on the j)arl of some
of the resource persons with whom these nnitters were discussed, that
in addition to the estimates of the totals, the totals of actually-reported
lijrures should be more |)rominently displayed in the UCR's. The
reasonin<r behind this su<r^estion is that tlie estimated totals, even if
the methods emi)loyed in ari'iving at these estimates are described,
still represent a figure which does not, so to say, actually exist, but is
derived on the basis of certain statistical mani|)ulations. Presuma])ly,
there would be a certain advantage in having the figure which actually
represents the known olFenses more closely associated with the esti-
mated data. This means that, in addition to the estimates of the
totals, the actual figures based on addition of all the crimes known to
the police, both urban and rural, should be given. In view of the
very considerable size of the population which actually does report,
especially the city population, these figures, although not giving
the total picture countrywise, would still be of great significance.
Koconiniendation (19): In view of the remarkable coverage for
offenses known to the police, the actual figures representing the total
number of offenses committed in the United States, both rural and
urban, are very significant and should be presented more prominently
and more accessibly.
Tfir Trriuls
Indication of the trends in crime is a traditional part of the Uniform
Crime Reports. Heretofore the trends were usuall}' indicated by
giving the figures or rates for the current and the previous year.
Occasionally comparisons of a broader scope appeared, often very
illuminating.
In the very beginning of its work the Committee discussed this
matter of measuring trends with the stafT of the FBI, and found that
the stafT had already discu.ssed and was contemplating replacing the
comparisons of the 2 most recent years by comparisons of the latest
available figures with the averages of several years. The Annual
Hidletin for 19.57 contains several instances of such comj)arlsons
with the averages of the previous 5 years.
38
TIlO ( 'olllliiil Ice feels tliilt ulielever possible roinpnrisons with
more than 1 year should he niarh'. The reasons for this reeonimenda-
ii(Hi are (luite ohvious. A previous year can ho a year of especially
hi«rh eiiine rates in general, or with roforeneo to certain specific of-
fenses. Or, on the contrary, it can he an unusually low year. If the
|)revious year hai)pens to he low, the ri<;ures for the current year will
he interpreted as a trend in the dire<-tion of increased ciiniinality.
If the fi«;ures for the past year hai)pen to he luuisually hij;h, the
year under consideration will indicate a trend in the direction of
lesser criminality. It is perfectly ohvious that such conclusions can
he very iiiisleadinfr, because regardless of its relationship to the
previous year, the year under consideration may in reality fit very
neatly into a longer-range trend in ciimiiuility, which might be just
the opposite, or considerat)ly different from, the one indicated by
the comparison with the 1 single previous year. Comparisons with
averages of several years will therefore be much more sound in most
instances.
The technique which should be used in computing these averages
probably will be dictated by the particular set of statistical data.
l"'ive-year averages suggest themselves as a convenient measure,
(ienerally speaking, one would probably think in terms of average
rates rather than absolute figures. It goes without saying that
further comparisons, going beyond the 5-year averages, might be
extremely illuminating as the series grows. Comparisons with 10-
year and 20-year averages or the average of the entire preceding series
might be in order, of course, one has to keep in mind changes that
may have occurred in the statistical categories or in ilefinitions; such
changes are bound to occur in a series of some length. Thus one
shoidd not be swayed so far by the desire to make comparisons of
this type as to overlook the fact that the data might not lend tliem-
selves to such comparisons. Moreover, it should be kej)! in mind
that the registeiing of offenses by the local police depart nu'uts and
their reporting of these offenses improve with time, and the figures
mny therefore not be quite comparable. All these considerations
should be carefully weighed in deciding on the us(> of one or the
other type of comparison.
Rrrnntnu'iulalion (20): In the tabulations designed to demonstrate
trends in tiie number of offenses, comj)arisons with more than only
the previous year are recommended. The exact number of preceding
years to b(> used for the i)urj)oses of such comparisons should pi'obably
he determined in each individual case, dej)ending on the nature of the
comparison and the nature of the data in question.
39
I'rrs4-iit Ihitd i '.(ttUvrltiii \ crsiis SninpUiX!*
Tlio C'oniinittco lias ronsidt'iod the proposal thai the UCIl's resort
lo some sainpliii}; pro('e<lure rather than attempt, as heretofore, to
collect information on crimes for the entire country. After carefully
considering the advantajjes and disadvantages of both procedures, the
Committee has reached the conclusion that the present procedure
should he retained. The main ai«;ument in favor of this is the re-
nuirkahle coverag:e by now a(^hieved by the Uniform Crime Reporting
Profrram in its statistical series of olTenses known to the police (Pt. I
oirens(>s). Assuminp: that the trend toward increased coverage
continues, more or less complete reporting will be a reality in a very
few years.
In favor of a sampling procedure is of course the argument that
a carefully drawn stratified sample would give a statistically more
accurate picture than incomplete reporting for the total area. More-
over, handling of a small, altliough adequate, sample would be a
much less extensive operation than the present program. Against
ihe sampling procedure is the argument that all it would accomplish
is a series of estimates for the country as a whole and, p('riiai)s, for
some major subdivisions. The nature of the program implies, how-
ever, a different and more extensive purpose. The cooperating
police departments, various governmental agencies and the public in
general are interested in tlie crime figures for individual communities,
coimties. towns. States, etc., a.ssembled in such a way that meaning-
ful comparisons are possible and trends can be discerned.
The Committee is aware of the fact that beginning with 1956 the
Children's Bureau has been using a sampling procedure for its Juvenile
Court Statistics. This is based on the Curient Population Survey
Sample developed by the Bureau of the Census. Of course, the
Children's Bureau's statistical series has never had from the juvenile
courts anything like the n^sponse the FBI has from the police depart-
ments in its "oflTenses known to the police" series.
It should be remembered, of course, that in addition to the tabula-
tions based on the reported Part I olfensi's. the I'CR's also pid)lish
figures which are based on much less complete reporting. The out-
standing example of this an^ the arrest data by age, sex and race,
which in the H>.j7 Ainiual Bulletin, for example, were based on rej)orts
from 1,473 cities with a 1950 population of 40,176,369. As long as the
analyses of the data are limited in their reference to that particular
population, the procedure is sound. The moment a generalization is
tnade. however, which implies that these observations ciiii be ex-
tended to the urban population of the I'nited States as a whole, the
jirocedure is exposed to the criticism that a representative stratified
sample would produce a statistically much more sound picture.
40
Willi reference (o all such tnl)iilntions, thoreforc, either 1 of 2 courses
of net ion sugj^esls itself, i-ither a (lefiiiite attempt should he made
l)V the I"'BI, with tlie assistance of (he International Association of
Chiefs of I*olice, to huild up the reporting so as to achieve more or
less comi)Iete coverage, comparable to that for ''offenses known to
the police," or a sampling tec-hni(|ue sliould he resorted to.
ytniters Discussed (4): Present procedures in collecting data for the
I'nifoi-ni Crime Reports versus sampling procedure. The consensus
of the Committee is in favor of the present procedure.
HcrommviiiUttUm (21): Witli reference to all tabulations in the
riiiforni Crime Rej)orts which are not based on "ofTenses known to
(he j)olice" (Ft. I ofTenses), for which a high degree of coverage has
been built up, 1 of 2 courses should be followed: Either a definite
attempt should be made to build up the reporting to achieve more or
less complete coverage, comparable to that for "offenses known to
the police," or a sampling technique should be resorted to. See
Recommendations (5) and (6).
Miscellaneous Offenses
In the course of its study the Committee received several requests
for analyzing certain ofTenses with a view to their reclassification
within the Uniform Crime Reporting Program.
The suggestion that arson, which presently is included among "all
other ofTenses" in Part II, should be moved to Part I was given
careful consideration. In view of the new methods suggested by the
Committee for tabidating offenses in lieu of the present Part I, a
recommendation that arson should be moved to Part I has, of course,
lost its point. That arson is not a suitable offense to be used for the
purposes of an index of crime is too obvious to require explanation
liere. Whether it is desirable to have arson included in the group
labeled offenses of special importance to the police is questionable
and, besides, in accordance with the Committee's general recom-
mendation, shoidd be decided by the staff of the Bureau in consulta-
tion with the police authorities. The only change that might be
considered, therefore, is placing arson as a named offense in the
"Cleneral United .States Crime Statistics." Then the question would
be whether it should be classified as a crime known to the police or as
an offense reported on the basis of arrest. The latter issue should
again be decided in accordance with the Committee's recommenda-
tion, i. e., in consultation with the pohce authorities. As regards
|)lacing arson as a named offense into the "General United States
Crime Statistics," the Committee did not feel that there is any par-
41
liciilni' iummI Ioi- iloiii'; so. 'll\o firo ilcpartiiii'iits receive iiifoniialion
iil)()iit (ires and study these more fre(|iieiit ly than the police. 'IMiiis
more (h'lailed and more complete information on arson mi<.cht he
expected fi'om the lire de|)art ments. The liri^ marshal often takes
on a case of lire directly, when suspicion exists that the cas<> involvos
aison. As thinj^s stand now, arson is an oU'ense which is reported
to the police holh incompletely and inconsistently.
Mdiirrs Disrnssvil (5): Arson. The Commit too feels that no chaiipo
IS mdicated with reference to the present handlinjr of arson.
The Committee also eonsi<lere<l the su<j:gestion that emhezzlemeiit
l)e handhul as a separate olfense. Presently it is placed together with
fraud as one of the eateirories of Part II. The Committee did not feel
that this is an olfense with reference to wiiich the police can, geneiallv
speakin<r. do very much, or that the reporting of this ofTonso to the
police has much promise of being accurate or consistent. More than
on anything else, th(> reporting depends on the policies of the firm or
agency within which the embezzlement has taken place. Still, since
fraud and (Mnbe/.zlement are two (piite different offenses, the Commit-
tee was of the opinion that the (piestion of their ap|)earing in the
rCK's as two distinct categories might be studieil further.
Iiiit<iliie Suggestion (/): The ({uestion of handling fraud and em-
bezzlement as two separate ollonso categories in the tabulation of the
"Cieneral United States Crime Statistics" should be studied further.
JiiLciiilv (PJJ'eiuU'rs
The Committee devoted a considerable amoimt of time to the study
:ind discussion of the rei)orting of statistics on juvenile ofrendei's.
Till' general issue was raised to what extent the introduction of the
concept of juvenile delin(|uency into the law enforcement system of a
state affects the principles involved in the rei>orting of ofTensos known
to the poli<e. The laws introducing the juvenile courts define juvenile
delin(|uency as not being a crime, and a juvenile who is a<ljudged de-
limpient is generally not a criminal in accordance with the law. What
ollect does this have on the n'porting of olfenses before the identity
of the ofTender has been t»stablisi)ed, since, if the latter turns out to be
a juvenile, there is no crime uniler the law? What might be termed
the material damage is there, but crime does not consist of an overt
act alone; mens rea, either in the form of intent or culpable negligence.
42
iiiiisl jilso l>c |)i('S('iit. Since tin* liiw docs not consider a juvonilo
( til)al>lc of coniniiKinj; u crime, this "inner element" is lacking:. It is
Hue I lull also in the case of offenses by adults it sometimes turns out
after (he offense has been reported, that no crime was committed or
a crime different from the one originally reported has actually taken
phice. But in the a<hilt cases tiiis is a matter of "human error." in
spile of which crimes known to tlie police are considered the best
statistics for the jjurposes of a crime index. In the case of a juvenile
however, it is |)iesumably a matter of principle.
llavinjj: discussed this issue, the Committee felt that there is no
suliicieiit basis for a (•han<z;e in current procedures, since in juvenile
cases, just as in adult cases, the violations of the rights of people are
recorded as they become known to the police and are later reported
to the Uniform Crune Reporting Program.
The Committee discussed the resolution adopted by the Inter-
natioiud Juvenile Officers' Association at its Annual Conference in
Milwaukee on May 23, 1958. This resolution reads as follows:
WnEUEAS, research hiis revealed the inadequacy of Uniform Terminology in
the area of Juvenile Control; and
Whereas, the International Juvenile Officers' Association is desirous of pro-
moting a system of uniform terminology and reporting that will be in the best
interest of the public, interested agencies and the members of this a.s.sociation :
Now THKREFORE BE IT
Resolved, That this association recommend the following changes and addi-
tions be made iji the manual of Uniform Crime Reporting as distributed by the
Federal Hureau of Investigation as a medium for the collection of facts and statis-
tics in the area of juvenile control:
1. That thefts under $50 be removed from Part I and placed in Part II.
2. That the offenses of Escapees, Runaways, Truancy, and Vandalism be added
to Part II.
3. That age grouping be extended, reacliing down from the 15th year, by year
aTid extended through 10 yeans and younger.
4. That a new table be added to sliow the handling of nonoffenders, i. e., Lost
Children, Witnesses, Victims, and Neglected Children.
5. That a new table be added to show police disposition of all children handled,
i. e., Released-Delin(|uency Not Sustained, Warned, Referred to Probation
Department of Juvenile Court, and other dispositions.
6. That space be made available to show the actual number of children handled
for ofTen.ses, actual number of children handled for nonoflfenses, and the actual
nunil)er of children placed in detention, . . .
As may be remembered, this action of I lie International Juvenile
Officers' Association was mentionetl earlier in this Report (j). 21)
and reference was made to the erroneous interpretation of the infor-
mation contained in the UCR's.
As to the specific recommendations made in this resolution, the
Committee reached the following conclusions. The suggestion con-
tained in No. 1 is being taken care of by the new plan recommended
43
ill llir srrlioii on "( 'lassilicjit ioii of ( )irciis('s." If adopted, this will
result in a pMierally somewlial diU'ei-eiit presentation of data.
With icference to suj^^estioiis Nos. 2-(), with the oxccption of
\an(lalisin in No. 2, thc^ (\)ininilt«M> feels that these data are not at
the pi-esent time heint; handled in the UCK's because th(^ entire ai-eu
from which they stem has not so far heeii considered the propei" sid)-
ject for till' Uniform (^rime Ke|)ortin«r Pro«;ram. 'IMie Committee is of
the opinion that the data iiKMitioned in the resolution is important,
hut whether the FBI should extend its activities into collection and
analysis of statistics of this ty|)e should d(>pend entirely on a policy
decision of the FBI itself.
As to the question of vandalism, in keeping with its general recom-
mendation— see Recommendation (12) — the Committee feels that the
issue of singling out vandalism from the cat(>gory of "all other offenses"
should he decided hy th(> staff of the FBI in consultation with the
police authorities.
More specifically the Committee feels, e. g., that the offenses men-
tioned under No. 2 (except vandalism) are not criminal code offenses
hut rather juvenile delinquencies, and as was stated above, thiMr
inclusion into the scope of the UCK's is a policy decision for the FBI
to evaluate and make. This is even more the case with reference to
th(» items mentioned under No. 4, which are not even offenses but
matters from the area of child welfare.
Milt tors Disriissofl (6): The Committee did not consider it necessary
to make any s|)ecilic recommendations with regard to the collection
and reporting of data on offenders in the juvenile age bracket, believ-
ing that the FBI's entering into the juvenile field on a more intensive
and extended basis would take the rniform Crime Reporting Program
outside of its originally planned and presently observed scope, which
i- a policy matter for decision by the FBI itself.
lari(nts liilitininl Mulh-rs
In the e»tiir<e u| this si udv the Committee and its individual tnem-
l>ers on many occasions discussed various editorial questions involved
in the publication of the UCR's with the staff responsible for the
production of this publication. Some of the points raised were mat-
ters of opinion whi<h couM be handled in various ways. Other sug-
gestions were readily accepte<l by the staff and. as a matter of fact,
liave already been incorporated in the issue of the Bulletin which
44
apiMiircd siiuc the Cominittcc Ix'^^aii its work. 'J'lic Committee does
iu»t feel tlial Ji list of these items needs to be included in this report
since they arc not of a {general nature but involve mostly questions
of better ortranization and presentation of the nniterials.
Perhaps the essence of most of these su^jgestions could be summed
up in the following statement. The UCK's are read by persons of
varied bacULrrounds and interests. The police olHcer, the newspaper-
iiiiiii, ihc schohir niijiht be mentioned as typical consumers. Each of
these ap|)r(»aches the information contained in the reports from a
diU'cicnt i)oiiit of view, with a different set of requirements in mind.
\\ hilr this enhances the importance of the UCR's, it places a heavy
icsj)oiisibility on the stafT producint; them, in the sense that the infor-
mation has to be presented clearly and succinctly, \\'ith the least
( hance for misunderstanding and misinterpretation. In spite of the
space this may require, it is necessary to hav^e in each issue a state-
ment on the essentials of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program and
frequent references in the text to the principles and policies appearing
in this statement. The stafY engaged in the production of the UCR's
should be complimented for having been alert to this need, and on
the whole this problem has been handled very satisfactoril3^ The
Committee feels, however, that the staff should be supported in the
continuance of this indispensible feature of the publication. It is felt
that if the Committee's recommendation to hmit the publication of
the bulletins to one annual issue is accepted, the handling of this
explanatory nniterial about the Uniform Crime Reporting Program
will be even more effective.
\ PcrniiiiKMil Technical ConsulliuU
Cominillec
111 llif course of its sliuly the ( 'oiisiiltniil ( 'oiniiiit (cc ^M-ii(liiall\-
niiivcti HI llic coiiclusioii tluit it would he julvisiihlc to luivr a coiii-
niittcc miidc up of persons well versed in eriiniiud stjitistics wliieli
would l)e iiviiilidile whenever needed l)\ the V\M stall" oiipa^JJod in tlii'
production of the rnifonn Crime Keports. This reconnnendjition
should not be inter|)reted iis self-a<r<:randi/.einent hv (he Consiiltunt
CoMiinittee. It LTrew out of the recoiriiit ion of the exlromc usefulness
of (he discussions with the Coininittee inend)ers to (he Bureau stafT.
This feelini; was repeatedly exjiressed by the stall'. \or should it bo
iiUerprctod as an attempt on the part of this Commit tee to perpetuate
itself. The thouirht of sutrircstint; themselves for such a |)ermaneiit
technical committee is far from the minds of the present eonsul(an(s.
Two (piestions arise in connection with the possible establishment
of such a permanent technical consultant committee; namely, why
there should be such a teciuiical consultant committee when the
Bureau already has a |)rofessional stall" eni,'a<:ed in tlu^ produetion of
the Keports. and how creation of such a committee can be justified
when (here already exists a special committ(>e of the International
Association of ( 'hiefs of Police.
As to the first of the two (piestions, the functions of a technical
consul(an( commi(tee as compared to those of the Bureau staff would
consist in: (a) Sui)plyin«; the broader and more detached perspective
of the outsider who is familiar with the fu'ld but is not himself en<rn<red
in the publication of the document; aiul {b) providini: a more in<Ie-
liendent critical evaluation of the procedures used.
( "omj)ared to the committee^ of the International Association of
( 'hi«'fs (»f Polic(>, the technical consultant committee would be made
up of pei-sons trained and professionally en*xa<red in (he practical and
scientific us<> of criminal s(a{istics rather than representin«; j)rimarily
the adminis(ra(ive in(«'rests of (he police in (he I'niform Crime
Keports. The importance of (he committee of the International
Association of ('liiefs of Police is in no way questioned by the su<rires-
tion that a permanent (echnical consuUant commi((ee be established.
It is felt that a more or less permanent committee of this type would
offer considerable advantap's over (dI Imr committees. aj)pointe(l as
the need arises, since the memb«M-ship of the permanent committee
would «rradindly accumulate a more thoroujrh and intimate knowletipe
of the problems faced by the rnifonn Crime Keportinj; Pro^jram.
46
It is cMN isnircd lliiil (lie pciiiuiiinit Icclmiciil ('(Misultiiif; coininittee
wdiiM iiiccl Jiud study unit Icrs ichitcd to I he rniform ( 'rinu' Rcjiorting
I'lOiriani ns niid wIumi i('(|ii('sl('(l l)\' I lie staff of the Fcdci'.'d Bureau of
1 nv<'st iirat i(»ii.
Utrinnnuinliitlon (--)• -^ pciinanriit 1 ('cliiiical consullaut coiu-
Miilti'o should he ostal^lislicd l(» he aNailaldc to the IJuretiu staff for
coiisultali(tti wlicru'vcf needed.
Ki'.s|H'Ctfull.\ suluiiit led,
Charlton F. Chute,
Stanley R. Schhotll,
Peter P. Lejins, ('hai/man,
CoiLsultant Committee on
Uniform Crime Reporting.
Seimkmuku 29, 1958.
A|)|M'n(li\ 1
hy I HI
/'"
Cotisiilhint 4 '.inninittoe
IWnt'iiiln'r 1937
I'niform Ciiino Koportiiig has Ih'imi in existence since 19.30, and
over the years peat strides Imve been made in this area of criminal
statistics throujrh the cooperation of local polict> and the FBI working;
together. However, problems in coiuiection with the collection and
publication of the data inherently abiding in this program suggest
the time has come when a committee of three authorities in the field
of criminal statistics, be employed in a consultant capacity by the
I'BI to review the project as it now stands for the purpose of making
suggestions. These suggestions may cover any phase of t he collection
or publication of the data that comes to mind in light of the experience
gaine<l thus far. The following agenda is presented as a suggestion
only and any other nuitters which appear pertinent for discussion
should be frankly considered.
(1) Population sources
All rates published in the Uniform Crime Reports bulletin are
based on the latest United States Bureau of the Census decennial
census figures. The rates are calculated for the purpose of furnishing
a yardstick with which to assist local administrators in measuring the
current magnitude of the police problem at hand. In an effort to
indicate the trend in crime from one year to the next, the FBI has
presented in the Uniform CYime Reports bulletin other tabulations
showing the offenses reported by a group of cities during the 2 or
more yeai-s under study. Any communities known to have changed
in their reporting procedure during any of the years under study are
eliminated from the calculations. Should the FBI contimie to pui)-
lish crime tables as they now do? Is there some method avaiiablo
to take into account iulracensal population changes?
(IT)
48
(2) Kiiral <-riiii<- r«-|>ortiii<{
In the j)ast Iwo (Iccadcs (licrc have \)0v\\ sliifls in tlii' population
lliat appear to alFeet erinie reporting;. Many areas that were strietly
rural in chaiacter now contain hi«jhly urbanized fringe areas adjacent
lo nuini(i|)alities. Silver Spring and Bethesda, Md., just out of
Washington, 1). C, are typical examples. These growing fringe
nreas are si ill /ural acrordinp to police jnr'n^dicthni, but their environ-
jnental structure is inban. (ienerally, urban ci-inie rates are sub-
stantially higher than those in the strictly rural areas. This gives
rise to the question as to whether this shift in population does not
tend to distort the so-called rural crime rates to the extent that
they may be inflated by the reporting of rural police agencies covering
these increasingly urbanized fringe areas. Should the FBI attempt
to resort to a reliable sami)le for rural crime reporting, the sample to
represent areas that are popularly considered rural eliminating those
classified by the Census Bureau as urbanized fringe areas in
nielropolitan districts?
(3) Part I oflTense classes
Does the experience in crime reporting to date indicate a need
for further changes in the Part I offense classifications? One such
change has been recently made upon the recommendation of the
Committee on Uniform Ciime Records of the International Associa-
tion of Chiefs of Police. Tiiat involved the elimination of statutory
rape from the rape classification.
For example: Other possible areas for consideration involve man-
slaughter-by-negligence and larceny. The FBI conducts a constant
program of correspondence with contributing agencies in an effort to
bring about uniformity in these classifications. In spite of such
educatioiud aiid corrective activity by the FBI for almost three
decades many departments contimie to report in the manslaughter-
l)y-negligence classification the action of grand juries as distinguished
from the results of police investigation. Under present arrangements
a lack of uniformity in the manslaugliter-by-negligence classification
may be expected to continue indefinitely. The question is raised as
to the significance of this classification from the criminal statistics
standpoint as well as from the police standpoint.
Basically, the manslaughter-by-negligence classification represents
traffic fatalities attributable to culpable negligence. The question
may be raised as to whethei- this is important. Is not the important
thing to the j)olice and the public the number of traffic fatalities that
occur as distinsruishcd from the numbei- attribu(nl)le to the vague
49
(crin. ciilpnblo iio<:li<;(Mic('? Tlio \nlioiinl Safely Poiinr-il lni)iiln<0R
aiul |)iil)lislu's Irallic fatality data.
Tlio FBI appoai-s to be wapn^ an almost endless battle to insure
that rej)ortinir police a<r(Micies include minor thefts in their offenses
known data. Sonu> have expressed the thouf^ht this classilication
should be limited to felony larcenies, ])ut this term is far from uni-
form amonjr the States. Included in the problem of uniformity in
the larceny classification would be the efforts of the Flil to include
bicycle thefts. It is admittedly difficult to determine when a bicycle
is actually stolen and when it is borrowed by some other child. Also,
a substantial portion of larcenies represent thefts of auto accessories
and personal property taken from automobiles. It has been found
very difTundt in some cases to distinguish whether a hubcap or license
plate was lost and reported stolen merely for insurance purposes or
was actually stolen. Bicycle thefts, auto accessories, and other thefts
from automobiles in lOoG represented over 50 percent of all the lar-
cenies. Approximately one-seventh of the larcenies represented prop-
erty under $5 in value. Should the larceny classification be limited
to tliefts over $100. or would this merely shift the prol)lem to one of
obtaining' uniformity in the value placed upon property stolen?
Should the larceny classification be eliminated altogether except
possibly for purse snatchings? One possibility would be to eliminate
larceny from the Part I offense classification and to change the rob-
bery classification to "robbery and purse snatching."
Ajipt'iulix 11
Exitlonitory Sdni/tlr Tabithiti<ms of Popuhitum an<l Offrnsos
hiitnrn (<» tliv l*aVict\ I liliz^lt^ Sliimldnl Mi-lrifixplilaii
Areas — Prt'imrvd for tin- ('tmimitt*'*' hy tliv
Sititistical Section oj the FBI
I!xjtlniinii<ni: Thosi^ sniiiplf (iilniliit ions liavc a twofold purpose.
(1) 'Plicy (Icinoiisiniti' the inaniicr in which the criinr reporting area
of the country may be divitled into three segjiients; (a) Staiuhiiwl
Metropolitan Areas (SMA), (6) urban communities outside any
SMA, and (c) rural areas. (2) Tlie\- indicate the procedure Nvhich
may be followed in arriviiiir at State totals. They are not shown
here to illustrate the exact format of tables to be published in the
future. As an expedient, these tables show one figure for all the
so-ealled Part I offenses and of course in actual tabulations this
information would be presented separately as to individual olfense
categories. Hence, the only significance the following tables have is
that of their serving as an illustration for the new methodology.
They certaiidy shoultl not be used as substantive statistical material
for any kind of comparisons or as a basis for any kind of conclusions.
A. ILLINOIS
Area Population
SMA 026 ( hicaKo, III 5,495,364
, , . Pouiilnlion
Agenctes reporting: rtprtHnttd
Evanston, 111 _ 73, r)41
Oak Park. Ill «i3, 529
C'hicafjo, 111 3, r.JO. <»62
Cicero, 111. (i?, 544
Bcrwyn, 111 51,280
East Chicago, Ind 54,263
Gary, Ind 133, IH 1
Ilaniinoiid, Ind 87,594
Jolirt, 111 51,601
.Aurora, III 50,576
Mavwood, 111 27,473
Elgin, III 44,223
f.-l)
Pt. I Offi
tntet
knoiri
1
1,
,376
553
47,
368
1,
(r22
468
1,
,916
4,
910
3,
095
977
843
325
489
52
A. ILLINOIS— Continued
Area
SMA 026 Chicago, III.— Continued
Agencies reporting;
WaukoRan, III
Lake County, 111
BarrinRton, 111
HiKlnvood, III
Lake Forest, 111
Lil^ertyville, 111
Mundelein, 111
North Chicago, III
Zion, 111
Cook County, 111
Arlington Heights, 111
Belhvood, 111
Blue Island, 111
Brookfield, 111
Calumet City, lU
Chicago Heights, 111
Des Plaines, 111
Elmwood Park, 111
Evergreen Park, 111
Forest Park, 111
Glencoe, 111
Glenview, 111
Hinsdale, 111
Homewood, 111
Kenilworth, 111
La Grange, 111
La Grange Park, 111
Lansing, 111
Lincolnwood, 111
Lyons, 111
Markham, 111
Melrose Park, 111
Midlothian, 111
Mount Prospect, III
Norridge, 111
Northbrook, 111
North Lake, 111
North Riverside, 111
Oak Lawn, III
Park Forest, 111.
Park Ridge, III
Riverdale, 111
River Forest, 111
River Cirove, 111
Riverside, III
Skokie, 111..
South Holland, 111
Summit, 111
Westchester, III
Western Springs, 111
Wilmette, 111
Winnetka, 111
Population
Population
repreu
nted
38
946
80
040
4
20'.l
3
813
7
819
5
425
3
189
8
028
8
950
150
037
8
708
8
740
17
622
15
472
15
799
24
551
14
994
18
801
10
531
14
909
6
980
6
142
8
070
5
887
2
789
12
002
6
170
8
082
3
072
6
120
2
753
13
360
3
210
4
009
3
428
3
348
4
301
3
230
8
751
8
138
10
002
5
840
10
823
4
839
«)
153
14
832
3
247
8
957
4
308
6
304
18
102
12
105
Ft. I offenitt
known
12
335
19
14
10
09
133
44
308
368
68
111
158
144
90
611
19
140
58
48
489
193
53
A. ILLINOIS Contiim.'d
irrn ropulation
SMA 026<hicuKo. III.— C'oiitimicd
. . , . Poputnlion PI. I offentei
Agencies reporting; rtprtttnUii knoim
Du Pam* Countv, HI. 5'.t, 134 r,l7
Clarcii.ion "Hills (2,437) in-
oluilod, and Bensonvillo
(3,754) include*!.
Downers CIrove, 111 11,886 21fl
Klmhurst, 111 21,273 315
C;ien KUvn. Ill 9,524 23
Lombard, 111. 9,817 20
Naperville, 111 7,013 101
Villa Park, 111 8,821 184
Wheaton, 111... 11,638 75
Kane County, 111 39,570 107
Batavia, 111. 5,838 13
Geneva, 111 5,139 12
St. Charles, 111 6,709 120
Will County, 111 72,142 662
Rockdale Junction (2,820)
included.
Lockport, 111. 4,955 32
Lake County, Ind 45,896 777
Crown Point, Ind 5,839 45
Grirtith, Ind 4,470 130
Highland, Ind 5,878 144
Hohart, Ind 10,244 199
Munster, Ind 4,753 82
Whiting, Ind 9,669 114
Population and offenses represented by
reports... 5,385,672 (9a 09c) 79,120
Areas not represented:
Deertield, 111 3,288
Highland Park, 111 16,808
Broadview, 111 5, 196
Calumet Park, 111 2,500
Dolton, 111 5,558
Franklin Park, 111 8,899
Harvey, 111 20,683
Lemont ,111 2, 757
Morton Grove, 111 3,926
Niles, 111 3,587
Palatine, III 4,079
Phoenix, III 3,606
Robbins, III 4,766
Steger, 111 4,358
Sticknev, 111 3,317
West Chicago, III 3,973
Westmont, III 3, 402
Wilmington, 111. 3, 354
East Gary, Ind 5, 635
109,692 (2.0%)
Total populaliiin and total rstimaicd nfrmsps 5,495,364 (100.0%) 80.735
A. ILLINOIS—Continiied
Area Population
SMA 0.11 Davenport. Iowa,
Uock Island-.Molin*'. Ill _. 234,256
Population
Ageitrt'efi reporltnq: repretenttd
lJavtii|)ort, Iowa 7i,r>\9
Hock Isliiiid, 111 IS, 710
Moliii.-, Ill 37, :«?
Rock Island County, 111 :iO, 48:j
Kast Molino, III I'.i, 9\.i
Silvis, III :i, 055
Population and offenses represented bv
reports ". 208.107 (88.8%)
Areas not represented:
. Scott County, Iowa... 26,149(11.2%)
Bettendorf, Iowa (5,132) in-
eiuficd.
Total population and total estimated offenses. 234, 256 ( 100. 0%)
Area Population
SMA 036 Decatur, III 98,853
Population
Agencies reporting: represented
Decatur 66, 269
Macon County 32, 584
Population and offenses represented by
reports 98,853 (100.0%)
Areas not represented None
Area Population
SMA 095 Peoria. Ill 250,512
Population
Agencies reporting: represented
Peoria 111, 856
Peoria Countv 54, 299
Chillicothe 2, 767
Peoria Heights 5,425
Creve Coeur_- 5, 499
Ea.st Peoria.. 8, 698
Morton... ___ 3, 693
Pekin 21,858
Population and offenses represented bv
reports ". 214,095 (85.5%)
Areas not represented:
Tazewell County 32, 132
Washington 4, 285
36,417 (14. 5%)
Total population and total estimated offenses. 250, 512 ( 100. 0%)
Pt
. I offmits
knotri
o
064
1,
064
578
244
153
26
4,
129
4,650
Pt. I offense*
known
1, 651
313
1,964
Pt. I offense*
known
3,461
316
26
50
9
298
23
249
4,432
5, 184
O.)
A. ILLINOIS CoJiliiiucil
Arta
S.M A IK) INxUn.rd. Ill
A yc II cita n puiti luj:
Hoi-kford
Loves Park
South Bi'loit
I'oiinlalion
152, 385
I'oiiiilaliuii
re/jreseiiled
92, 927
5, ;{()()
•A, 221
/'/. 1 offeuut
knotrn
1. 422
19
9
(>l)wi!itioi» ami utreiisi's rrpn'scntt-d by
reports
101,514 (60. C%)
1,480
Areas not rrprtsi nttil:
Wimiibago County
To(al population and total CNtimated ofTenses.
SMA 128 Springfield, III.
Agencies reporting:
SpriiiKfi«'I(l
Saim;iiii(tii Countv
Population and offenses represented by
reports
Anas not rcprotcntfti.
Arta
50,871 (33. 4%)
Illinois I rban.
Agencies reporting:
Cairo
Canton
Centralia
Collin-sville
De Kalb
Dixon
Frccport
Jack.sonville.
Kewanee
La Salle
Macomb
Marion
Mattoon.
Monmouth
Mount Vernon.
Ottawa
Sterling
Streator
Urbana
Wood River.
.\lton
Belleville
BloominKton.
C'hanipaimi . .
152,385 (100.0%)
2,222
Pijliulation
131,484
Population
PI. I offentes
represented
knoiin
81,628
1, 381
49, 856
285
131,484 (100.0%)
1,666
None
Population
1,241,263
Population
Pt. 1 offtntet
repr (tented
knovn
12. 123
327
11,927
99
13, 863
135
11,862
93
11,708
127
11,523
147
22, 467
284
20, 387
276
16,821
137
12, 083
91
10, 592
24
10, 459
110
17, 547
283
10, 193
145
15, 600
MV.i
16, 957
181
12,817
318
16, 469
131
22, 834
258
10, 190
146
32, 550
628
32,721
419
34, 163
717
39. 563
794
56
A. ILLINOIS— Continued
Population
Illinois I'rban — Cuntiiiuod
Agcuviit^ rcpurthig:
Dan villi"
Kiisl St. Louis
(Iraiiitc City
(lalrslnirg
Kaiikakcf
C^iiiiii'V
Belvidere.
Benton
Hradk'V.-
HiishnelL
Carnii
Chester- .
Christopher-.
ICast Alton...
Kdwardsville.
Eldorado
Flora
Galena
Galva
Geneseo
Georgetown.
Gillespie
Harvard
Herrin
lliKlihind..
llillshoro- .
Iloopeston.
.lerscvville.
Litelitield..
Madison...
Marseilles.
Mcndota. .
Metropolis.
Morris
Morrison..
Mount Carmel.
Muri)hysboro. .
Normal
OKlesbv
Oliiey
I'ana
Paris
Population
repreienled
37, 864
82, 295
29, 405
31,425
25, 850
41,450
9, 422
7,848
5, 099
3,317
5,574
5, 389
3, 545
7, 290
8, 770
4, 500
5, 255
4,048
2, 886
4, 325
3, 294
4, 105
3,404
9,331
4, 283
4, 141
5, 992
5, 792
7, 208
7,963
4,514
5, 129
6, 093
0, 920
3, 531
8, 732
9, 241
9, 772
3, 922
8,012
0, 178
9, 400
J'l. 1 offeniia
known
580
1, 048
598
451
404
500
5
28
8
14
19
17
11
163
31
40
19
4
3
30
8
17
78
61
12
38
31
5
197
26
51
65
53
113
11
121
6
52
71
77
57
A. ILLINOIS- (\)).(iiiuc(l
Illinois I'rhan Continued
J'oi>uliition
, . , . Pounliilion
Agencies reporting: Ttprrtfnted
rinckn««vvilli' li, 299
Pontiiu'.'. ■ 8, 990
I'riiuTton 5, 705
Robinson (■», 4()7
Roc'lu'llo 5, 449
Rock Falls 7,983
Sal.'in.. G, 159
Sandwic-h 3, 027
Sparta _ 3,576
Spring Valley 4,910
Staunton " 4, 047
Sycamore 5, 912
Tavlorville 9, 188
Tuscola 2, 960
Vandalia 5, 471
V»>nic»> 6,226
Westville 3, 196
Woodstock. 7, 192
Gibson City 3, 029
Aledo 2, 919
Carlyle 2, 669
Casev 2,734
McLeansboro 3, 008
Nokoniis 2, 544
Orepon 3, 205
Pittsfi.'ld 3,564
Sullivan 3, 470
FarminRton 2, 651
Lewistown 2, 630
Monience 2, 644
Newton 2, 780
O'Fallon 3, 022
Rantoul 6, 387
Waterloo 2, 821
Population and (iffenses represented bv re-
ports _.." 1,041,771
(83. 9%)
Pt. I offtmri
known
1
68
46
52
30
68
36
40
2
32
60
11
29
15
27
173
I
15
1
3
7
36
8
22
11
17
15
3
16
23
13
153
12, 879
58
A. ILLINOIS -Continued
Area
Illinois Trban — ^Contiiiued
Anns not represented:
Abingdon
Anna
Beards town
C'jirlxnulale
Ciirliiivillo
Cartervillo
Cliarloston
Clinton
Crystiii Lake.
Dm Quoin. .
Dwi^ht
I'lfTingham
Fairfield
Fulton
(Ireenville
Harrisburg
Havana
Johnston City.
Lawrenceville.
Lincoln
Paxton
Peru
Savanna
Shelbyville
Virden
Washington Park.
Watseka
\\'cst Frankfort- .
White Hall
Zeigler
Marshall
Carthage
Motiticello
Alorton Village. _
lirooklyn Village.
Marengo
Mascoutah
Mount Morris.
Rushvilie
I'opulation
Population
Ttprefeiiled
•i,
:i(K)
4.
:i8()
6,
080
10,
921
o,
110
2,
71G
9,
164
5,
945
4,
832
/,
147
9
843
6,
892
5,
576
o
70G
4,
069
10,
999
4,
379
4,
479
6,
328
14,
362
3,
795
8,
653
5,
058
4,
462
3,
206
5,
840
4,
235
11,
384
3,
082
2,
516
2.
900
3,
214
2.
612
9
547
9
568
2
726
3,
009
'2
709
9
682
199,492 (16.1%)
Total population and total estimated or-
fenses
1,241,263 (100.0%)
r)0
A. II.IJ.NOIS ("oiiliiuii-d
Illinois Rural
Agencies reporting (couniies):
Adams
Alt'xaiuler
Brown
Bureau
Calhoun
Clark. .
Clav
Colt's
Crawford.
Df Kalb.,
I)ou^las. .
ICdgar
Edwards. .
Eflinnhain.
Fayt'ttt". - .
Ford
Franklin..
Fulton
(iallatin
(Jruntiy
Hamilton..
Haiicuc'k. .
Hardin
Henderson.
Henry
Iroquois
Jersey
Kankakee.
Knox
La Salle...
Lawrence
I>ee
Livingston...
Ix>gan.
McDoiiough.
McHenrv
McLean
Madi^(Hl...
Marion
Mason .
MenartI- . .
Mercer .
Monr<K'
Montgoine
Morgan
Moultrie. .
Ogle
Perry
Piatt....
l»ike .
Putnam
I'liliiiliilion
1,576,909
J'viiiiliiliun
PI. I oil r„.f.
rtiimtntni
knoun
2\\, 240
78
8, lo:}
33
7, i:V2
13
27, o:{0
lot
C, S'.tS
73
1 1 , CCS
16
12, I'JO
34
1:^,017
168
14, 7:iO
102
20, i:i4
78
i:i, 74t)
60
13, 947
64
9, 050
31
14,783
87
19, 1 1 1
84
9, 077
36
23, 392
67
26, 508
94
9,818
21
12, 291
93
9, 248
33
22, 57C
112
7, 530
22
8,416
29
22. 460
82
28, 113
67
9, 472
82
39, 325
259
19,641
136
32, 935
96
14,211
23
24. 928
31
25, 924
178
16, 309
65
14, 290
66
32, 442
306
32, 642
125
63,941
375
22. 238
271
1(». 947
63
9, 639
66
14, 455
73
10.461
8
IS. .")C7
26
15. IS!
64
9,70!
94
22. 066
15
11,238
103
11,358
73
18,591
48
4. 746
11
60
A. ILLINOIS— Continued
Area Population
Illinois Rural Continuod
J'opttlation
Aytnrirs reporting (rounttes) ; reproeuted
l{:ii.<l()l|)li. .__ 22, 7(»S
Hic-hliiiKl... 8, 277
St. Clair 7:i, 754
Rchiivlcr - -.- r., <>;{i
Sholbv H). '.(72
Stephenson.. 1'.), 128
X'trniiiion 'M'k T'.VA
WiilKish 5. nii)
Warren 11,788
Washington 14. m)
White 1.5, MW
Wliiteside.. 22, 2i)'.l
Woodford 21, :!:i5
Mount Olive 2,401
Population and offen.ses represented bv re-
ports : 1,181,218 (74.9%)
Areas not represented (counties):
Bond 10,088
Boone 7, G48
Carroll i:i. 918
Cass 9,017
Champaign .37, :^16
Christian 23, 450
Clinton 10. 305
Cumberland 10, 406
I)e Witt ^^'21^
Greene 15, 770
Jackson 17, 002
Jasper 0,480
Jefferson 20,202
Jo Duvie.ss 10,811
Johnson 8, 720
Kendall 12,115
Maeoupin 25, 335
Marshall ..- 13,025
Ma.s.sac 7, 501
Pope. 5, 770
Pulaski 13, 030
Saline 17. 021
Scott 7, 245
Stark.. 8.721
Union 10, 120
Wayne... 15. 3.57
Williamson 21, 030
PI. I offtnin
knoun
395,001 (25. Kr^
Total population and total «'slimated offenses. 1, 576, 909 ( 100. 0%)
()1
H. M Vin I.VM)
Arm I'niiiiliition
SMA on Ilaltini..r<'. M<l 1,337,373
• , . I'ovulation
Agenctts reporting: r,i,re>rnird
Bnltimoro City •tj<,t. 7().S
Anne Aruiuli-l County 1(17,34')
Aiiiinpolis [ 10, UI7
Baltimore County 270, 273
Pupuluiion iiiul ofTense.s represented by
reports I, 337, 373 ( 100. 0%)
Arena not represented Nunc
Pt. I offrntti
kuoii n
22, 8(58
2, 109
«V28
6,423
32, 328
Arra
SMA 1 H Wa>hin^'ion. D. C.
Population
1, 464. 089
, , . Population
Agencies reporting: repretented
Washington, D. C 802, 178
Montnoinerv County, Mil 155,010
Rockviile (0,934) included.
Prince Cleor^es County, Md 148, 957
Capitol HeiKhts' (2,729) in-
cluded.
Cheverlv (3,318) included.
Collene Park (11,170) included.
Riv.rdale (5,530) included.
Blad.'iishuru. Md.. 2,809
(;reenhelt, Md 7,074
Hvattsville, Md 12,308
Laurel, Mil 4, 482
Alexandria, Va. 61, 787
ArliuKton, Va 135, 449
Fairfax County, Va 98,557
Population and offenses represented by
reports 1,428,701 (97.6%)
Areas not represented:
Mount Rfunier, Md 10,989
Takoina Park, Md 13,341
Brent wfMjd, Md 3, 523
Falls Church, Va 7, .535
35,388 (2.4%)
Total population and total estimated ofTenses. 1,464,089 (100.0%)
Arta f'lipulatinn
.Mar>lan«l Irhan. 167,775
. Population
Agencies reporting: rtprtnutid
Cumberland 37, 679
Hagerstown 36, 260
Brunswick 3, 752
Cambridge 10, 351
Crisfield 3. r.8S
ICaston 4, 836
Pt. I olfrn»e»
kiioii n
16, 354
2,599
3,495
96
189
301
177
2,
370
2,
733
2
792
31,
106
31,871
Pt. I offenses
knoun
353
688
15
148
16
77
62
B. MVRYLWl) C'oiiiiiiiiccl
Maryland Urban — Continued
Agencies reporting
KIkton
Frederick
I'ocoiHoke City.
Salisbury
\\est minster
AI)iT(leen
Population and offenses represented by
reports
Areas not represented:
Chest ert own
Frost burg
Havre de Grace
Bel Air
Total population and total estimated ofTenses.
Area
Maryland Rural
Agencies reporting (counties) :
Allegany
Westernport (3,431) included.
Calvert
Cecil _ __
Dorchester
Frederick
Garrett
Harford
Howard
Talbot
Washington
Population and ofTenses represented by
reports
Areas not represented:
Caroline
Carroll
Cliarles
Kent
Queen Annes _
St . Marys
Somerset
Wicomico
Worcester __
J'npuialion
I'opt
lation
reprfffiiled
5,
•245
18,
142
3,
1<»1
15,
141
^',
140
2,
944
147,369 (87. 8%)
I'l I offense.1
known
ion
285
If)
21'i
25
137
2, 08.5
3, 143
T), 870
7, 809
2,578
20,406 (12. 2%)
167,775 (100.0%)
Population
479, 270
Population
represented
45, 001
12, 100
28, 111
17, 464
40, 393
21, 259
38, 451
23, 119
14, 592
42, 626
283, 116 (59. 1%)
2,375
Pt. I offentif
known
313
63
119
111
3r.
50
150
134
102
172
1,250
18, 234
38, 767
23,415
10, 534
14, 579
29, 111
17, 057
24, 500
19, 957
196, 154 (40. 9%)
Total population and total estimated ofTenses. 479,270 (100.0%)
2, 115
Appendix 111
List «)/ i<-titnis ittUvn h\ the Cinnmitter, C.ornpilt'ii from
tlu' Ititily <>/ I In- lii'iHtrt
h.xplarmtitm: Tlic Cojuiiiittor's coiisidrnition of tho issues raised led
to tliicc types of actions: A. Definite rccojninendations for eliaiifxr in
the eiirreiit i)ractiee in i)rodiicing the Uniform Crime Reports —
actions of this type are referred to as "Reoommen(hitions"; B. Tenta-
tive su«rj;est ions for the Flil to consider changing current practice after
aihlitional study by the l^ureau — such actions are referred to as
"Tentative Suggestions"; and C. Decisions that the current ])ractice
shouhl he h'ft as is — actions of this type are referred to as "Matters
I )iscussed."
A. lytrnni nn'mlntions
Page
Reeoininendation (1) 13
Since the UCR's have outgrown being of use primarily to
the law enforcement agencies, especially the police, and
have become a basic source of information on crime for the
country as a whole, the FBI should be encouraged to give
as much recognition to this fact as is compatible with its
program and be guided in the compilation and publica-
tion of the crimimil statistics by the need to present these
in such a way that the information will be meaningful to
the general public and interested agencies and organiza-
tions even outside the immediate field of law enforcement.
Recommendation (2) 14
In making changt'S in the I'CR's, the utmost care should
be taken not to destroy the continuity of the statistical
series. Wherever feasible, both vei-sions, i. e., the old
and the new, should be given, or the data should be pre-
sented in such a way that the reader himself can nnike
the calculations necessary to utilize the data earlier
colltH'ted and published.
(o:j)
64
Page
Rorommondfttion (.3) 17
'Pile ()l)j('ctiv('s for r()ll('ctiii<^ and i)r('S('Mtiii(; the statistical
iiiformatioM on criminal oH'cnscs should bo clearly formu-
lated and adhered to at all times. A brief restatement of
these objectives should ajipcar in each issue of the UCR's
to forestall misinterpretation of tiie data,
Recommeiulation (4) 17
In view of the officiall}" stated purposes of the Uniform
Crime Reporting Program and in view of the actual content
of the UCR's, the objective of publishing statistics on
criminal offenses should be interpreted as a twofold one,
i. e., (1) Compilation and publication of a meaningful
index of crime for the United States (presently accomp-
lished by the reporting of Pt. I offenses) ; and (2) compila-
tion and publication of the total volume of criminal
offenses committed in the United States, by categories,
perhaps entitled General Crime Statistics for the United
States. It is understood that both of these statistical
series are to serve as the basis for the computation of
appropriate rates and trends and for making comparisons.
Recommendation (5) 17
In picsenting tiie total crime pictiu'e for the I'nited States,
a tabulation including all oft'enses, perhaps with the excep-
tion of some minor ones, should be aimed at, which means
that this tabulation should include not only offenses cur-
rently reported as Part I oll'enscs but also those reported
as Part II.
Reconnnendalion (6) 18
In order to make the inii)lementation of recommendation
(5) possible, the collection of offenses of Part II, that is,
offenses known through arrest, should be intensified in
order to achieve more complete covei-age for the urban
communities, and a prograjn of collecting this information
for the rural area should be initiated. Various analyses,
such as by age, sex, and rac(>, which can presently be made
ordy for a limited nundx'r of oll'enders could then be ex-
tended to the entire criminal i)t)pulalion.
65
rage
l{('C(HiiiiiiMi(ltit ion (7) 20
It is r('«'«>iniii('iul('(l tluil tlir ])r('sriit |)iii<ticc of |)iil)lisliiri<;
till' rC'K's as rt st'iniaiHUUil and an annual hullclin Ix' dis-
continiKMl and oidy one annual bulletin be issued. A
suflii'icnt ajnount of tiin(> should he allowed for the tabula-
tion and aiuUysis of the data. The (piality of the i)ubli('a-
tion should not be alloui'd to sulfer ffoni itni)ending
(h'adlines. The fuller sco])o of the one annual j)ul)lica-
tioii — see reooininendation (1) — will necessitate more
l)reparntion time. Issuance of intermediate publications
of limited scope, which the FBI mifjht find approj)riate for
reh'ast>. is, of coui'se, not precluded by this recommenda-
tion but is actually encourafred.
Keciunniendation (S) 24
In the I'CU's jmblished hereafter, \\\v em])]uisis should be
remove*! from th(> terminology Part I and Part II offenses.
It is felt that if this terminology were retained in spite of
considerable changes in the content of the groupings of
offenses, confusion would result; new terms applied to a
new classification would promote clarity.
Kecommendation (9) 24
It may be advisable t«^ retain, at least for the time being,
the current terminology of Part I and Part II offenses in
the Bureau's communications with the cooperating police
departments, since it is by now accepted practice and a tra-
dition of long standing.
Kecommendation (10) 24
The publication of an index of crime, which function is
presently performed by the Part I offenses, should be con-
tinued, but the tabulations should be entitled "index of
crime" and the composition of the index be changed to
exclude manslaughter by negligence and larcMMiy below
S50 (for elaboration of this see the respective subtitles and
also the subtitle "Auto Theft").
Kecommendation (11) 24
The general tabulations of United States crime statistics
should be divided into those offenses which are rej)orted
as they become known to the police and those which are
66
rcpoiicd lis llicy lu-comc known llinmirh the arrest of the
oircndcr.
Page
Kecoininondatioii (12) 24
Tlio classification suggested in recommendation (11),
whicli presently consists in the difTerentiation of Part I
and Part II offenses, should be further studied by the per-
sonnel of the Bureau in consultation with experienced
representatives of the police departments in order to de-
termine the best manner of liandling specific offenses.
Recommeiuhition (\'.\) 24, 25
A special section should l)e developed in the UCR's to
deal with tlie group of ofl'enses wliicli at a given time are
especially important to the police in its work, so as to
increase the effectiveness of the police in combating the
particular offenses by focusing attention on them and pro-
viding additional information on their frequency and
distribution and tlieir success in suppressing them. Both
offenses known to the police and offenses reported follow-
ing arrest might be included here. Again, continued
study by the personnel of the Bureau in consultation with
the best qualified representatives of tlie police departments
should form tlu^ basis for including offenses in this section.
Kecojnmendation (14) 26
The category of manslaughter by negligence should be
eliminated from the ofi'enses used for the purposes of a
crime index. It should, however, continue to be included
in the United States crime statistics.
Recommendation (15) 28
The present division of larceny into cases of over and
under $50 should be retained. The criteria for distinction
should be further studied. Only larcenies above $50
should be used for the ])ui'poses of the crime ind(>x. Lar-
cenies under $50 should i)e reported as offenses known to
the jjolice in the general tabulation of the United States
crime statistics.
67
Page
l\fC(Mnni('iHljit ion (Hi) ;i()
The ( 'oiiiniillcc rccoiiiiiiciKls the follow iii<; pinii for llic
analysis of the crime datn into rural and iirhan. Tlic
j)oj)ulation of the area of the United Stales slioidd he
divided into three tyjx's of conHnunities:
1. Standard Metropolitan Areas as established by the
Bureau of Census for the lOoO eensus and as these may
he further revised l)y that Bureau.
2. Urban communities, that is, {jjenerally speaking com-
munities with more than 2,500 inhabitants. More spe-
cifically the current (lOoO) census definition should be
used. The urban population which is not comprised
within the Standard Metropolitan Areas would be taken
care of in this category.
3. Rural population, again ill aeeordaneo with the cur-
rent (lOoO) census definition. This would amount to the
total rural population except for the small part which is
included in the Standard Metropolitan Areas. It is be-
lieved that this would give for the United States the rural
population in the truest sense of that word, for which
statistical data is currently available.
Recommendation (17) 33
In view of tlie difFerential population growth in various
communities, the decennial census figures should not be
used for the computation of the crime rates beyond the
year to which they pertain. Instead, the available annual
estimates by the Bureau of the Census should be used.
It is felt that the plan for utilizing in the rural-urban
ahalyses the analytical categories recently introduced by
the Bureau of the Census would prove of value also in the
computation of the crime rates. It is hereby also recom-
mended that the FBI further explore the possibility of
obtaining more <letaih'd annual estimates from the Bureau
of the Census.
Recommendation 08) 30.37
In computing the estimated totals of major crimes the
procedure suggested under the heading "Rural versus
I'rban Criminality'* should be utilized. OfTenses known
to the poli«'e should be <omputed from the police reports
for the ."-Standard Nb-tropolitan Areas, for the rest of the
iul>an population and for the rural po|>uhilion within
68
cnrli State (\9!')() United States census definitions). The
number of rcpoited offenses siiouhl then l)e pro|)orlionalely
increased to take care of tlic unreported portions, if any,
of tiiese same catej^ories witliin each Stale. Tlie sum total
of the estimates for the States thus obtained will pvo
tlic national estimate for the given year. It is hoped that
wlierever available tlie annual population estimates by
tbe United States census will be substituted for the
currently used decennial census figures.
Rceoninieiuhition flU)
In view of the reniaikai)le coverage for offenses known to
the police, the actual figures representing the total number
of offenses committed in the United States, both rural
and urban, are very significant and should be presented
more prominently and more accessibly.
Recommendation (20)
In the tabulations designed to demonstrate trends in the
number of offenses, comparisons with more than oidy the
previous year are reconnnended. The exact number of
preceding years to be used for the purposes of such com-
parisons should probably be determined in each individual
case, depending on the nature of the comparison and the
nature of the data hi question.
Recommendation (21)
^\ith i-eference to all liil)iihilions in the I'liiforni Crime
Reports which are not based on "offenses known to the
police" (Pt. I offenses), for wiiich a high degree of cover-
age has been built up, 1 of 2 courses should be followed:
Either a definite attemi)t should be niiule to build up the
reporting to achieve more or less complete coverage, com-
parable to that for "offenses known to the police," or a
sampling technique should be resorted to. See recom-
niendiitions (5) and (0).
Rcconnnendation (22)
A pernnment technical consultant committee should be
established to be available to the Bureau staff for con-
sultation whenever needetl.
G'J
H. I'vnldtin' SuiiiU'sttims
Pagt
'rriitiil i\ f Siii;«;('stioii (1) 27
Mnuslaii{;li(or l)y m'<i:li^(Mi('(' should be studied for iuchi-
sion ill the proposed new section of the L'CK's (h'idiii<r with
offenses that are esjji'eially important to the work of iho
poHce.
Triitiitive Suggestion (2) 27
The C'oniniittee reeoininends h)okin{; into tiie possihility
of inakini; us(> of tiu' statistics on traflic falahtics compiled
hy some ajjency other than the I'^BI. pi<>\ idi'<I this source
is competent and reliahle.
Tentative Su|rg:ostion (3) 33
Tii(> j)ossibility of usinj; annual population estimates by
other than governmental agencies should be explored.
Ti'Utative Suggestion (4) 41
The (juestion of handling fraud and embezzlement as two
separate offense categories in the tabulation of the
"General United States Crime Statistics" should be
studied further.
('.. flutters Discussed
Mattei-s Discussed (1) ; 19
After studying various considerations involved in the
question as to the frequency with which crime reports
are sent the FBI by the police, the Committee decided
not to recommend any change in the current practice.
Matters Discussed (2) 28
Auto theft as a Part I offense. The Committee decided
on continuing the present practice, except that in view
of the general changes in the struct«n-e of the I'CR's,
auto theft will from now on be included in the group of
offenses going into the crime index.
70
I'agt
Mutters Discussed CX) ;U)
Tlie CoiMinittee discussed the possibility of sulistitutiii^
a saiiiplini^ method for the present collection of criiniiud
statistics for rural areas for criincs known to the police
and advises against the change.
Matters Discussed (4) 4n
Present jjrocedures in collcding (h'lta for the rnifoiin
Crime Reports versus sampling jiroceduic. The con-
sensus of the Committee is in favor of the present pro-
cedure.
Matters Discussed (5) 41
Arson. Till' Coniinittee feels that no change is indicated
witli i-eference to the present hiindling of arson.
Matters Discussed (6) 43
'J'he Conunittee did not consich-r it necessary to make any
specific recommendations with regard to the collection
and reporting of data on ollenders in the juvenile age
bracket, believing that the FBI's entering into the juvenile
field on a more intensive and extended basis would take
the Uniform Crime Reporting Program outside of its
origiruilly planned and presently observed scope, which
is a j)()licy matter for decision by the FBI itself.
(ICiixl oj (Umsiillant ( ktmmit Ice Report)
Data lor 1957 Iroin Police Kc^ports
ExplaiKilion
'I'his st'ctioii was coinpilfd from [xtlicr reports before the receipt
of the rej)ort of the Consult ant Coniniiltee which is piiiited in the
precechnir pa,ir«'s and, therefore, (h)es not contain any of the changes
reconiinench'd hy the C\)niniit lee.
Crime (hita received under tliis program for the calendar year 1957,
hut not includeil in the 1957 Uniform Crime Reports, are presented
here. This comi)lett'S the presentation of 1957 (hita for tlie puipose
of preserving continuity and is in line with recommendation No. 2 of
tlie Consultant Committee on Uniform Crime Reporting. The semi-
annual issue of I'niform Crime Repoits has been discontinued, and
hereafter one Uniform Crime Reports each year will be available for
distribution in the «>arly fall and will include all data for the previous
calemlar year heretofore included in the amiual and semiannual
issues.
({Ifviises Cleared and Persons Arrested, 1957
Table 1 reflects the ratio of offenses cleared by arrest and persons
charged per each 100 offenses known, on the average, based on in-
formation voluntarily submitted by 1,885 cities representing about
74 percent of the popidation residing in cities in this country. The
data in table 1 are limited to eight categories and are arrangeil with
cities grouped by size. Table 2 reflects for the same 1,885 cities
arranged by geographical divisions, the number of offenses known,
the number of offenses cleared by arrest, and the percentage of
otfenses cleared by arrest.
Reports of 198 cities over 25,000 are sunnnarized in tai)le 3 to show
for 8 categories the numl)er of offenses known, the number of offenses
cleared by arrest, the number of pei'sons charged and the number
and percentage of persons found guilty. For the other crime cate-
gories, for which offenses known information is not collected, table
4 reflects for the 198 cities used in table 3, the number of persons
charged and the numl)er and percentage of such persons found guilty.
(71)
72
Taldc I. — (tffvtisvs Ktiimn. ( hiir^il hy Arrvsl. ami I'vrsanit Chnriied {Held
for I'rttsi-riititiii). I'fST, hy I'lt/niliit ion Cruitps, .\tnnher pvr 100 Knotcn
OJfrii.sfs
roinilittUin croup; number of cities
iiinl pero-ntap*' of city populution
rt-prescnti'il within each group
Criminal
homicide
Mur-
der,
nonneg-
ligent
man-
slaugh-
ter
Man-
slaugh-
ter ny
negli-
gence
Rape
Rob-
bery
Aggra-
vated
assault
Bur-
Rlary—
break-
ing or
enter-
ing
Lar-
ceny-
theft
TOTAL, GROUPS I-VI
I.SW cities; 74 jHTcent:
Offenses known
Offenses cleared by arrest
Persons charged
f.KOI P I
35 cities over 250,000; 88 percent:
0(Tens«'S known
OlTensis cleared by arrest
Persons charged
4 citits over 1.000.000; 89 percent:
()(Tens<'S known.
Offenses cleared by arrest
Persons charged
6 cities, 750,000 to 1,000,000; 100 per
cent:
Offenses known
Offenses cleared by arrest
Persons charged
6 cities. ,500.000 to 750,000; 83 percent
Offenses known.
Offenses cleared by arrest
Persons charged
19 cities. 250,000 to 500,000; 83 per
cent:
Offenses known
Offenses cleared by arrest
Persons charged
r.RoiP II
'0 cities, 100.000 to 250,000; 75 per-
c-ent:
Offenses known
Offenses cleared by arrest
Persons charged
r.Roip III
1(M cities, 50,000 to 100,000; 80 per-
cent:
Offenses known
Offenses cleared by arrest
Persons charged
r.RO'p IV
198 cities, 25.000 to ,10.000; 72 per-
cent:
Offeiist's known.
Olffiisi's clt-ared by arrest
Persiiii^ ( hiirgcd
MS iiii.s lO.iHKt to 25,000; 08 per-
cent:
Offenses known
Offenses cleared by arrest
Persons charged
f Korp VI
'.0 cities under 10.000; .iO iiercent:
Offenses known
Offenses clcMred by arrest
Persons chiirged
100.0
81.5
90.7
100.0
90.1
89.7
100.0
89.1
90.2
100.0
90.3
82.4
100.0
9.3.0
90.4
100.0
89.9
94.3
100.0
93.8
88.9
100. 0
95.0
94.7
100.0
94.7
94.7
100.0
94.8
91.9
100.0
86.0
90.7
100.0
90.2
78.3
100.0
80.9
78.5
100.0
42.6
43.2
100.0
77.8
89.3
100.0
29.8
21.0
100.0
91.2
77.1
100.0
94.3
113.8
100.0
90.7
106.2
100.0
88.8
37.1
100.0
90.0
50.4
100.0
92.0
76.6
100.0
82.9
67.3
100.0
84.2
77.0
100.0
100.0
108.5
100.0
95.7
94.6
100.0
7y. 7
71.3
100.0
80.7
71.9
100.0
80.4
('.2. 8
100.0
87.6
100.0
72.0
08.2
100.0
79.1
75.8
100.0
8.3.0
91.1
100.0
86.0
89.9
100.0
84.8
91.7
100.0
86.9
95.0
100.0
42.9
40.0
100.0
45.7
40.1
100.0
36.3
39.0
100.0
46.7
59.8
100.0
41.3
34.5
100.0
39.9
45.9
100.0
40.8
.10. 9
100.0
44.5
(K). 1
100.0
4Z1
58.3
100.0
48.4
58.0
100 0
75.9
64.9
100.0
74.9
65.0
100.0
77.7
59.7
100.0
81.9
73.5
100.0
7.M
71.7
100.0
71.3
.19.8
100.0
81.3
76.8
100.0
8H.3
90.5
100.0
87.1
90.5
100.0
89.5
94.6
100.0
29.6
17.8
100.0
31.0
15.4
100.0
25.6
23.5
100.0
27.6
24.5
100.0
30.2
15.7
100.0
27.6
20.5
100.0
28.4
21.9
100.0
29.8
25.0
100.0
31.8
27.2
100.0
3.3.8
32.5
100.0
20.1
15.4
100.0
22.2
15.3
100.0
23.6
1Z8
100.0
18.9
16.9
100.0
25.1
25.0
100. 0
21.8
14.0
100.0
1&9
14.1
100.0
17.0
15.0
100.0
18.5
15.1
100.0
18.9
15.7
100.0
23.8
19.2
73
Table 2. — .\ timber uj (tJD'in>rs hnttttn, .\iiinbfr aiitl I'frcviilafiv Cleurvd by
Arrest, 1957, by Geographic Diviniona
Qook'raphic dlvUlon; nuiiit>or of
cities iinil iHTrt'iitaKe of city iK>pij-
liUloii roprfsriitod witlilii oncli
iltvLslon
Criminal hoiiil-
cldo
Mur-
der,
non-
lU'cll-
gent
man-
slauKh-
ter
Man-
JatiK li-
ter l>y
ncBll-
ttencc
Ka|)e
Rob-
bery
Hur-
Ai!|!ra- clary—
vutrd
assault
break-
InK or
enter-
ing
Lar-
ceny-
theft
TOTAL. ALL DIVISIONS
l^l eitiis; 7-t jxTivnt:
Number of olTeniei known
Number cleared by arrest
FercentAfe cleared by arrest
Kew Kngland States; 151 cities; 78
percvnt:
Nunilx-r of ofTens'S known
NiiniU-r cleiired by arrest
PerivntaKe elrtired by arrest
Middle Atlantic States; 418 cities; 83
jH-rivnt :
NuinlxT of offenses known
NuniU-r cleared by arrest
Percent ape cleared by arrest
East North Centnil States; 4tiO cities;
82 jwrn-nt:
Number of olTenses known
Number cleared by arrest
I'ercentiige cleared by arrest
West North lentrid States; 202
citie«: vo [>«Ti-»'r>t:
N ' "'•■ns«'S known
N d by arrest
r. . . ired by arrest
Soutti ATI ii;iir -tales; ' 174 cities; 68
percent:
Niit!!N>r of offenses known
N ' ' -'d by arrest
1 ■ irx'd by arrest
East . il States; 00 cities;
311 iHT.viit;
Nunjb«'r of offenses known
Number cleared by arrest
Perwntaxte cleared by arrest
West South C entrul States; 100 cities;
58 |HT<'>-rit:
N ' ' •' ■ 'n
N
I ■ -t
Mount. ii.'i .-t.ii'>. nnj (iti's. 75 per-
cent:
Niimbr of off<T!<i«»« known
N • ' ■ ' •
I -I
PflC ■ reent:
■A.....
3.336
3.054
91.5
86
73
84.9
r.25
554
88.6
808
724
8U.6
226
206
91.2
672
649
96.6
174
1<J8
96.6
445
40ti
91.2
86
81
»4.2
214
193
9a2
2.281
2.057
90.2
9,763
7.896
80.9
42. 529
IB, 129
42.6
58.608
45.506
77.6
320,117 867,514
94.648 174,266
29. 6 I 20. 1
lt»
138
82.1
488
475
97.3
474
413
87.1
171
1.VI
90.1
305
292
95.7
56
49
87.5
2f>2
246
93.9
50
56
94.9
206
234
78.5
421
.389
02.4
3.179
2.642
83.1
2,190
1,734
79.2
718
561
78.1
954
782
82.0
123
08
79.7
067
574
86.1
336
275
81.8
1,175
841
71.6
1, 160
505
43.5
9,519
4.604
48.4
14, 257
5,867
41.2
3,726
1,351
36.3
3.993
1.837
46.0
713
272
38.1
2,636
1,2.55
47.6
1,590
637
40.1
4.935
1,801
36.5
1,258
1,032
82.0
16.945
12,802
75.6
12. 4.'.6
9.5h5
77.0
3,288
2,2tl8
69.0
13, 744
11.762
85.6
1,978
1,438
72.7
4.210
3,394
80.6
1,100
810
73.6
3,620
2,415
06.5
17,612
5,143
29.2
74,727
21.814
29.2
6.5,015
20.123
31.0
25,058
7,278
28.4
36,414
11,193
30.7
8,788
2,140
24.4
33,260
11,841
35.6
14,184
3,972
28.0
47, 167
8,984
19.0
157,875
31,755
20.1
200.899
41.396
20.6
79,992
15,103
18.9
91,496
22, .596
24.7
18, 251
3,500
19.2
78,906
20.415
25.9
48.567
8.334
17.2
44,459 144. .361
11,344 22.185
25. 5 15. 4
■ Includes tbe District of Columbia.
74
Tiililr '.i.^(tfff'risf>< Knoirn, C.h'arrtl l>y .irrt'sl, nn<l \ii mhrr nf I'vrsnns
I'lninil (^iiilly. I'f.lT: I'fH C.ilit's (Pvfr 'J.iJXXt irt I'n/mhil ioii lirprvsvntiitti
at I'rrrrttt ttf tiiv ('ity I'ttpiiUit'um Jnr I'hnsr ('ilirs (hrr 1'.>.0W>
Number of offenses
Number of persons
Offense
Known
to the
police
Cleared
by arrest
Charged
(held for
prosecu-
tion)
Found guilty
Percent-
ogefouni
Total
guilty
Offense
charged
Lesser
offense
guUty
TOTAl...
757, 636
211,066
156, 299
97,016
8S,364
13,661
VI. b
Criininul homicide:
(a) M unlfT and nonnegli-
Kfiil tuanslaiiphtpr. -
(b) Manslaughter by neg-
1,787
1,170
6,410
28.994
37, (i90
169,094
426,357
86,033
I.(i2K
1.043
.-i, i:w
12,573
29.194
49, 080
85,919
26. 475
1,654
909
4. 660
12,150
24.525
30, 978
60,638
19, 785
1,118
283
2,401
7. 571
10,116
20,623
42, 572
12,331
821
221
1,831
6.034
7,081
17,071
39,406
10,889
297
02
570
1,537
3,035
3,552
3.166
1,442
67.0
31.1
Rapo ---
51.5
02. 3
41.2
BurKlary— breaking or enter-
ing . --
66.6
Larceny— theft (except auto
theft)
ft 70.2
62.3
Tabic 4. — Niintbor of Persons Chnrspd {Held for Prosecution) and IVumher
Finiml (wiiilly, l'f57 : l*Hi (litirs (tier 2.'>,0(Kf in Popitlntittn Hepresentinti
54 Percent of the City PapnUttion for Those Cities Over 25,000
Offense
TOTAL -.-
Other assaults - -.
Forgi'ry and counterfeiting
Knibezzk'ment and fraud
Stolen property; buying, receiving, etc
Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc
Sex offenses (including prostitution and com
niercialized vii'*')
Offenses agiiinsl family and children
Narcotic drug laws -.
Lifjuor laws
Drunkenness; disorderly conduct; vagrancy.
Dambling
Drivinu while Intoxicated
Traffic and motor vehicle laws
All other offens<'3
Number of persons charged (held for
prosecution)
TOTAL
CHARGED
14. 783, 400
52, 001
4,854
12,319
3,274
12,353
34,246
16. 145
13. 147
24, 813
801,827
81,712
53,463
13,463.187
210. 059
Foimd guilty
TOTAL
GUILTY
10. 985. 099
26.869
3,954
7,620
1,565
7,874
22,676
9,672
9.453
16. 277
578, 336
37.116
42. 612
10, 077, .-WO
143.656
Offense
charged
Lesser
offense
10.938.376 I 46.723
25. 951
3.285
6,900
1,429
7,514
21.453
9.429
9.082
16.158
577.116
37, au
38,723
10,042,162
142, 143
918
669
720
1.36
360
1,223
243
.371
119
1.220
S5
3.919
35, 227
1,513
Percent-
age four
guilty
74.3
51.7
81.5
61.9
47.8
63.7
6&2
59.9
71.9
65. 6
72.1
45.4
79.8
74.9
68.4
o
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